TORIE S
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 iler; 
 
 .ioners 
 
 Shth Ai
 
 THE JUNO STORIES, 
 
 of the Volumes, 
 
 1st. JUNO AND GEORGIE. 
 zd. MARY OSBORNE. 
 3d. JUNO ON A JOURNEY. 
 4th. HUBERT.
 
 COMING TO THEIR SENSES.
 
 T H K 
 
 UNO 1^1 TORIES 
 
 JACOB ABBOTT. 
 f 
 
 u b t r t. 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 
 DODD & MEAD, 762 BROADWAY.
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1870, hy 
 
 JACOB ABBOTT, 
 In the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington. 
 
 EDWARD O. JENKINS, 
 
 PRINTER AND STEREOTYPER, 
 
 SO North William Street, N. Y.
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 I. 
 
 GETTING SETTLED 11 
 
 H. 
 HOME MANUFACTURE 25 
 
 III. 
 TAKING A SET 36 
 
 IV. 
 A QUARREL 45 
 
 V. 
 PEACE 55 
 
 VI. 
 A LAND GRANT 68 
 
 VII. 
 HINDERING INSTEAD OF HELPING 80 
 
 VIII. 
 THE Two LOCOMOTIVES 97 
 
 IX. 
 THE LOFT 106 
 
 X. 
 GOING UP A MOUNTAIN 118 
 
 XI. 
 LEARNING LONG DIVISION 125 
 
 xn. 
 
 JUNO'S SCHOOL.. . 135 
 
 (7) 
 
 622659
 
 8 CONTENTS. 
 
 xin. 
 
 ABOUT TOOLS 147 
 
 xrv. 
 
 JUNO LEARNING SOMETHING 157 
 
 XV. 
 LONG DIVISION DIVIDED 170 
 
 XVI. 
 DIFFICULTIES 187 
 
 XVII. 
 MBS. WOOD SURPRISED 198 
 
 XVIII. 
 JUNO'S IDEAS 211 
 
 XIX. 
 THE NEW WHEEL 224 
 
 XX. 
 
 WILLIAM DABRICUTT 243 
 
 XXI. 
 STRONG GOVERNMENT 256 
 
 XXII. 
 ARRANGEMENTS 265 
 
 xxin. 
 
 AN ALARM OF FIRE 275 
 
 XXIV. 
 A CHEMISTRY LESSON 285 
 
 XXV. 
 
 A SUCCESSFUL EXPEDITION 295 
 
 XXVI. 
 CONCLUSION 304
 
 HUBERT 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 Getting Settled. 
 
 "1 TUBERT was an orphan. At the time 
 when this story begins he was about 
 ten years old. He was Georgie's cousin. 
 He came about this time to live with his 
 Aunt Cornelia. 
 
 His Aunt Cornelia was very kind to him, 
 in her way, though I do not think her way 
 was in all respects the best way. How this 
 was, however, will appear more fully by and 
 by. She meant at any rate to be kind to
 
 12 HUBERT. 
 
 him, as the orphan son of her sister, in the 
 most faithful manner. 
 
 Hubert's aunt, Cornelia, lived in a large 
 and handsome house. Hubert had a very 
 pleasant room in this house, all to himself. 
 It was in the second story of a kind of wing, 
 and the windows opened out over the roof 
 of a piazza which was about two or three 
 feet down from the sills of the windows, so 
 that it would not be difficult to get down 
 to it, from Hubert'* room, when a window 
 was open. 
 
 On the day when Hubert first came 
 to live with his aunt, Robert, a colored 
 man who was in her service, took his 
 trunk up to his room, while he and his 
 aunt followed, his aunt leading him by the 
 hand. 
 
 " Put the trunk* down here by the win- 
 dow," said his aunt, " and I will send Maria
 
 THE CHAMBERMAID. 13 
 
 presently to put the things away in the bu- 
 reau drawers." 
 
 " I can put them away in the drawers 
 myself," said Hubert. 
 
 " Oh, no, my dear," replied his aunt ; " you 
 could not put them away properly. Maria 
 will put them away for you, and arrange 
 them all nicely. She will take all the care 
 of your things for you." 
 
 Maria was Robert's sister, and was the 
 chambermaid. 
 
 " Maria is coming up in a few minutes," 
 continued his aunt, " and she will put your 
 things away and arrange them all properly, 
 in your drawers." 
 
 Hubert's aunt was very particular to have 
 everything in her house done properly ; as, 
 in fact, every good house-keeper ought to be. 
 
 " Ah ! here comes Maria now," she con- 
 tinued. 
 
 2
 
 14 HUBERT. 
 
 Maria was a nice-looking colored girl, 
 very neatly dressed, and with a pleasing 
 countenance. She took no notice of Hu- 
 bert as she came in, but stood awaiting the 
 orders from Mrs. Wood, for that was the 
 name of Hubert's aunt. 
 
 Mrs. Wood desired Maria to unpack the 
 trunk and put the things in the drawers of 
 the bureau. There were two large draw- 
 ers below and two small ones under the 
 glass above. Mrs. Wood gave particular 
 directions where everything was to be put 
 the shirts in this drawer, the stockings in 
 that one, and at that end of it the pocket 
 handkerchiefs here, the jackets and trow- 
 sers there, and so with everything else. 
 
 "And when you have done everything," 
 added Mrs. Wood, " let Robert know, and 
 he will come and take the trunk up into the 
 lumber-room."
 
 HUBERT'S PLAYTHINGS. 15 
 
 "And where shall I put my playthings?" 
 asked Hubert. 
 
 " The playthings !" repeated Mrs. Wood. 
 " I hope you have not brought a great many 
 playthings. You know, my dear, that you 
 will wish to keep your room in very nice 
 order, and not have it all littered up with 
 playthings. But perhaps Robert can find 
 some place for them," she added, " in the 
 coach-house ; could not you, Robert ? in 
 one of the closets there, perhaps." 
 
 Robert said that he could. There was a 
 whole shelf there that he could set apart 
 for them. 
 
 " That will be just the thing," said Mrs. 
 Wood. " So it is all arranged." 
 
 Mrs. Wood then went to one of the win- 
 dows and looked out. 
 
 " Ah !" said she, " I forgot about these 
 windows. They lead out upon the roof of
 
 1 6 HUBERT. 
 
 this piazza., which is very dangerous. These 
 windows must be fastened down." 
 
 " What, so that I can't open them at all ?" 
 asked Hubert, with a look of great concern. 
 
 " Why, my dear," said his aunt, " you will 
 have air enough through the door, or at 
 least well, I know it would be a conve- 
 nience to have a window open sometimes, 
 but it is much better to forego that advan- 
 tage than to run the risk of breaking your 
 neck. If you were to be tempted to climb 
 out upon that roof you might fall and kill 
 yourself; or at least, break your arm or your 
 leg." 
 
 " But, aunt," said Hubert, " I promise you 
 I never will get out." 
 
 "Ah! my dear boy," said Mrs. Wood, 
 patting him on the head at the same time, 
 and with a pleasant smile upon her face, " it 
 does not do to trust to boys' promises too
 
 BARRING THE WINDOWS. I/ 
 
 much, you know. You are a very good 
 boy, I dare say, and as worthy to be trusted 
 as most boys ; but boys are boys, you know, 
 and you might be tempted. If you were to 
 fall off the roof and get killed or crippled 
 for life, I never should forgive myself." 
 
 So saying, Mrs. Wood looked out upon 
 the roof and shuddered. 
 
 " I don't see any other way of making it 
 safe," she said, turning to Robert, " but to 
 fasten down the windows." 
 
 " You might have bars put up, perhaps," 
 suggested Robert. 
 
 " Yes," replied Mrs. Wood. " Yes, that's 
 just the thing. That removes all the diffi- 
 culties. I wonder I did not think of that 
 myself. Then Hubert and Maria can open 
 the windows whenever they like. We will 
 decide upon that plan. Get the carpenter 
 to come this very da . , and put up strong 
 2*
 
 18 HUBERT. 
 
 bars, near enough together, so that a boy 
 cannot get through between them, and com- 
 ing up as high as the windows will open. 
 
 " That will suit you exactly, Hubert dear," 
 she said, taking hold of his hand. " You 
 can open the windows whenever you please, 
 and the bars won't prevent your looking out 
 when the window is shut. You will like 
 that plan very much, won't you ?" 
 
 Hubert did not seem much inclined to 
 answer. Some how or other he did not like 
 the plan, though he could hardly tell what 
 the reason was. 
 
 The bars only prevented him from getting 
 out upon the roof, and he thought he did 
 not wish to get out. So there seemed to be 
 no special reason why he should have any 
 objection to the plan. And yet he felt un- 
 comfortable and dissatisfied ; though if he 
 had been asked he could not have told why.
 
 THE BIBLE SHELF. 19 
 
 There was a table near one of the win- 
 dows with a drawer in it. Mrs. Wood 
 opened the drawer and showed Hubert 
 what was in it. 
 
 " See !" said she. " I have put in every- 
 thing you will want. There is a slate and 
 a book of arithmetic, and some paper and 
 a lead pencil." 
 
 "And an inkstand and a pen?" asked Hu- 
 bert. 
 
 " No," replied his aunt, speaking in a hesi- 
 tating tone. " No, I did not put any ink 
 here, for fear you might spill it. But you 
 can write with a pencil just as well, you 
 know, when you want to write. And here's 
 a little shelf where you can put your Bible. 
 You have got yoor Bible, I suppose, in your 
 trunk." 
 
 " Yes, aunt," said Hubert. 
 
 " You must read a chapter in it every
 
 2O HUBERT. 
 
 night before going to bed. Be sure and not 
 forget it. I hope you will be a good boy 
 and give your heart to God, so that your 
 soul may be saved. That is more import- 
 ant than everything else in the world. And 
 now I'll leave you until you get your things 
 arranged. You can stay and help Maria 
 about the unpacking. You must let Maria 
 arrange things just as she thinks best. She 
 knows just how I wish the business to be 
 done. I hope you will be a good boy here, 
 and if you are I am sure you will be happy. 
 I am very indulgent to good little boys, and 
 I shall do all I can to make you happy here 
 in my house. You must remember that it 
 will be a good deal of care for me, and make 
 me a good deal of extra trouble to have you 
 in my family ; but you must try to be a good 
 boy, and make the care and trouble as little 
 as possible."
 
 "GOOD LITTLE BOY !" 21 
 
 So saying, his aunt kissed him affection- 
 ately on his forehead, and went away. 
 
 There were several things in his aunt's 
 reception of Hubert, and in her manage- 
 ment in respect to the room, which troubled 
 him a good deal ; but perhaps the thing 
 which vexed him most was her classing him 
 among little boys. 
 
 " Good little boy !" he said, repeating his 
 his aunt's words in a tone of contempt. 
 " I'm no more a good little than she is her- 
 self. I'm ten years old last July, and going 
 on eleven !" 
 
 Mrs. Wood did not mean to be impolite 
 to Hubert in speaking of him as a little boy, 
 but it is nearly as impolite to apply the term 
 little to a boy over eight years of age, as it 
 is to give the epithet old to a lady over 
 thirty-five. Mrs. Wood was herself about 
 thirty-eight, and what would she have
 
 22 HUBERT. 
 
 thought if a young gentleman had come 
 and taken his seat by her side, at an even- 
 ing party, and had said I am coming to sit 
 here, for I like to talk with nice old ladies 
 like you ; or if he had even said elderly ladies ? 
 That afternoon the carpenter came, with 
 six stout bars of hard wood under one arm, 
 and the box containing the necessary tools 
 for putting them up, under the other. He 
 placed the bars, three at each window, leav- 
 ing spaces about eight inches wide between 
 them, and between the uppermost and the 
 sash above, and between the lowermost and 
 the window-sill. Before he marked off the 
 distances he took a look at Hubert, to see 
 how near they must be together to prevent 
 the possibility of his squeezing through, 
 thus specially reminding Hubert that the 
 bars were put there with particular refer- 
 ence to him.
 
 THE BARS SCREWED ON. 23 
 
 The carpenter got out at one of the win- 1 
 dows, and stood upon the roof the piazza 
 while he was screwing the bars on. He 
 screwed them to the window-frames on the 
 outside. Hubert watched the proceeding. 
 
 " You had better not put in too big 
 screws," said Hubert, " for that will make 
 the holes too large in the window when you 
 come to take the bars down again." 
 
 " That's true," said the carpenter. " Slen- 
 der screws will do very well. There'll be 
 no great strain come upon the bars, and I 
 don't suppose Mrs. Wood will keep them 
 up very long." 
 
 The bars, when they were screwed on, 
 had the effect, of course, of barring the car- 
 penter out, as well as barring Hubert in. 
 This, however, made no difficulty, for the 
 carpenter, as soon as the work was done, 
 walked along the roof of the piazza to an-
 
 24 HUBERT. 
 
 other window which opened from an entry, 
 and climbed in there ; thus showing Hubert 
 how he could get out upon the piazza if he 
 chose, notwithstanding the closing up of his 
 
 4 
 
 windows. Mrs. Wood did not consider it 
 necessary to bar up that window, too, for 
 she did not suppose that Hubert would 
 think of getting out that way.
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 Ho m e Ma n ufa cture. 
 
 A FEW days after Hubert came to live 
 with his Aunt Cornelia, he went to 
 make a visit to his Cousin Georgie. Geor- 
 gie was at that time of just about his age. 
 
 After spending half an hour in rambling 
 about the grounds and buildings where 
 Georgie lived, Hubert asked Georgie if 
 there was any place near there where they 
 could go a fishing. Georgie said that there 
 was a very good place, but that he had no 
 fishing-lines. 
 
 " Have you got any fish-hooks ?" asked 
 Hubert. 
 
 3 < 2 5>
 
 26 HUBERT. 
 
 " Yes," said Georgie, " I have got some 
 fish-hooks in a box in my drawer ; but my 
 line is all worn out, and I had to throw it 
 away. But we can go and buy some lines." 
 
 " No," said Hubert ; " we must make 
 them." 
 
 " I have got plenty of money to buy some," 
 said Georgie. 
 
 " That's nothing," replied Hubert. " Nev- 
 er buy anything that you can make. That 
 is my rule." 
 
 " That is not my rule," said Georgie. 
 
 " What is your rule?" asked Hubert. 
 
 " It is just the contrary," said Geor- 
 gie. " Never make anything that you can 
 buy." 
 
 " My rule is the best," said Hubert. " Be- 
 cause, you see, in that way you save your 
 money for something that you can't make, 
 and so have more things."
 
 HUBERT'S MEASURING RULE. 27 
 
 " But what we make is not so good," said 
 Georgie. 
 
 " Perhaps it is not quite so nice and styl- 
 ish," said Hubert, " but the pleasure of 
 thinking that you made it more than makes 
 up for the difference." 
 
 " Where did you get your rule ?" asked 
 Georgie. 
 
 " Isaiah gave it to me," said Hubert. 
 " Isaiah was a man who used to live with 
 my mother while she was alive, and he gave 
 me that rule. He helped me make a good 
 many things, and showed me how to make 
 a good many myself. I can make a very 
 good fishing-line, if I can only get some car- 
 pet thread." 
 
 " I can get plenty of thread," said Geor-r 
 gie. " Juno will give me as much as I want." 
 
 '* Who is Juno ?" asked Hubert. 
 
 " She is the girl who used to take care of
 
 28 HUBERT. 
 
 me when I was a little boy," said Georgie, 
 " and she helps me now whenever I want 
 anything." 
 
 So saying, Georgie ran into the house, and 
 presently returned with a skein of carpet 
 thread in one hand and a piece of beeswax 
 in the other. 
 
 " Ah !" said Hubert, " that's just the thing. 
 But what made you think of the beeswax ?" 
 
 " Juno thought of it," said Georgie. " She 
 said if we waxed the thread well before we 
 doubled and twisted it, and then waxed the 
 line when it was finished, it would be strong- 
 er, last longer, and would look smoother 
 and handsomer." 
 
 "How came she to know that?" asked 
 Hubert. 
 
 " Oh, she knows about all such things," 
 said Georgie. 
 
 So the boys at once went to work to make
 
 THE FISHING-LINES. 29 
 
 two fishing-lines. They first wound the skein 
 into a ball. Then Hubert made a loop in 
 one end of it, and passed this loop over the 
 catch that belonged to the latch at the door 
 of the shed. He first, however, doubled a 
 short length of the thread twice, so as to 
 make four strands, and twisted them togeth- 
 er between his thumb and finger in order 
 to see whether four thicknesses would make 
 the fishing-line of the right size ; and being 
 satisfied that it would, he then proceeded to 
 unwind a portion of the thread, walking 
 backward as he did so, from the place where 
 the end was fastened, till he had reached a 
 length about four times that necessary for 
 the fishing-line. Georgie walked close after 
 him with the beeswax, which he pressed 
 along the thread as Hubert unwound it, 
 rubbing it to and fro, so as to wax it com- 
 pletely.
 
 30 HUBERT. 
 
 Hubert next twisted this length, and then 
 doubled it, Georgie taking hold of the mid- 
 dle and pulling it to one side while he ad- 
 vanced, until he could bring the two ends 
 together. The double strand which was 
 thus formed he doubled and twisted again, 
 and thus obtained a nice, smooth and fine 
 line, which Georgie was satisfied, on exam- 
 ing it, would make a very good fishing-line 
 indeed. 
 
 " It is not quite so handsome as one you 
 might buy," said Hubert, " but it will catch 
 the fishes just as well." 
 
 " It is handsome enough" said Georgie. 
 
 As soon as one line was made the boys 
 began upon another, so as to have one for 
 each of them. 
 
 After this Georgie went into the house 
 and procured a cork, from which Hubert 
 cut off two pieces, and strung them upon
 
 THE FISHING-LINES. 31 
 
 the two lines, one on each, for floats. In 
 doing this he used a big darning-needle, 
 which Georgie also brought out for the pur- 
 pose. The boys found in a box of old iron, 
 in a place which served as a kind of store- 
 room in the shed, some sheet-lead, out of 
 which Hubert fashioned sinkers, by cutting 
 out strips and wrapping them round the 
 lines at the proper distance from the end. 
 
 " Now," said Hubert, " go and get your 
 fish-hooks." 
 
 " Yes," said Georgie ; " and I must carry 
 in all these things that we have done with." 
 
 So he gathered together the various ob- 
 jects which they had been using the re- 
 mainder of the thread, the wax, and the 
 darning-needle, and took them into the 
 house to give them back to Juno. On his 
 return he brought with him his fish-hooks 
 in the little box in which he kept them, and
 
 32 HUBERT. 
 
 Hubert, after selecting two of the proper 
 size, attached one on the end of each line, 
 fastening them in a very neat and scientific 
 manner. 
 
 " That's complete !" said Georgie, survey- 
 ing the work after it was done. " Now all 
 we want is poles. What are we to do for 
 poles ?" 
 
 " And bait," said Hubert. " We must get 
 our bait before we go, but we can cut our 
 poles out of the bushes." 
 
 The boys dug worms for bait, and put 
 them into a tin box which Georgie kept for 
 that purpose, and then Georgie went into 
 the house to get permission to go a fishing. 
 He first went to Juno. His custom was in 
 all such cases to go in the first instance to 
 Juno. If Juno thought it so clear that there 
 was no objection to granting his request, 
 that she was willing to take the responsi-
 
 THE LINES FINISHED. 33 
 
 bility, she gave him the permission at once. 
 If, on the other hand, she thought there was 
 any serious objection, she refused at once, 
 so that Georgie's mother should not have 
 the trouble of considering the question. If, 
 however, she thought well, on the whole, 
 of Georgie's plan, but did not feel quite 
 willing to take the full responsibility of ac- 
 ceding to it, she would send him to his 
 mother for a final decision. Now, as Geor- 
 gie's mother almost always concurred in 
 Juno's opinion, Georgie generally consid- 
 ered the question as virtually settled, when 
 he had obtained Juno's consent to refer it 
 to his mother. 
 
 So Georgie went in when the fishing-lines 
 were finished, showed them to Juno, and 
 asked if he could go a fishing to try them. 
 
 " Where do you wish to go ?" asked Juno. 
 
 " To the four-mile brook," said Georgie.
 
 34 ' HUBERT. 
 
 "Anybody to go with you ?" asked Juno. 
 
 " Yes, Hubert," said Georgie. 
 
 " Is he a good large boy," asked Juno ; 
 " big enough to pull you out if you 
 fall in?" 
 
 " Oh, yes," said Georgie, " he is as old as 
 I am." 
 
 " Then he'll do very well, I should think," 
 said Juno. " And how long do you wish to 
 be gone ?" 
 
 " Oh about two hours," said Georgie. 
 
 " Well," said Juno. " It is now two. I 
 will allow you two hours and a half. That 
 will make it half-past four. I don't see any 
 objection to your going. But go and ask 
 your mother." 
 
 So Georgie went in and stated the case 
 to his mother. 
 
 " Have you asked Juno about it?" asked 
 his mother.
 
 "THEN YOU MAY GO." 35 
 
 " Yes, mother," said Georgie, " and she 
 says she thinks there is no objection." 
 
 " Then you may go," said his mother. 
 
 Georgie then ran off to tind Hubert, and 
 they together started immediately on their 
 excursion.
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 Taking a Set. 
 
 ~T~T would be very surprising to see how 
 easily and on what trifling occasions 
 children get into quarrels, and that too 
 about things which in their reasonable mo- 
 ments they care very little about, were it 
 not that so many grown people so often act 
 in the same senseless manner. 
 
 One would not suppose from the very 
 good-natured and friendly manner in which 
 the boys worked together in making their 
 lines, that they could possibly get into a 
 quarrel about a pole, to be cut in the bush- 
 es, especially when there were fifty other 
 (36)
 
 THEY LOOK FOR POLES. 37 
 
 poles equally good growing all around. 
 But they did. 
 
 The case was this. They reached the 
 bank of the brook, after walking about half 
 a mile, and then followed the brook for 
 about a fourth of a mile further, along a 
 path which sometimes led through groves 
 and copses of trees, and sometimes through 
 grassy fields. They intended to go on un- 
 til they came to a piece of low land, which 
 in the spring of the year was swampy and 
 wet, but which in midsummer was dry, and 
 where the trees and bushes were inclined 
 to grow tall and slender. Georgie thought 
 that they would be likely to find here, among 
 the stems of the bushes, some that would be 
 long, straight and slim enough to serve for 
 fishing poles. 
 
 On arriving at the spot they at once be- 
 gan to look about for poles, and Georgic's 
 4
 
 38 HUBERT. 
 
 eyes soon fell upon one which he thought 
 would do nicely. It was a long and slender 
 stem with a length of eight or ten feet free 
 from branches ; and as it presented itself to 
 Georgie's view, as he approached it on one 
 side, it seemed quite straight. He called 
 Hubert to come and see it. Hubert said he 
 thought it would make a very good pole. 
 
 " It looks straight," said he, " from here, 
 but we must look at it from another side." 
 
 So saying, he forced his way through the 
 bushes to get a view of it from another di- 
 rection, not entirely around to the farther 
 side, but only half way round, so as to 
 look at it " quartering " as the woodmen say. 
 You can never tell how straight the stem of 
 a tree is by looking at it from one direction 
 only ; for the crooks lying in that direction, if 
 there are any, in the stem, would not be ap- 
 parent. Thus if you look at a tree from the
 
 THE CROOKED POLES. 39 
 
 south side, and it bends a little toward the 
 south or toward the north that is in the 
 same direction that you are looking at it 
 its crooks will not be easily seen. Standing 
 to the south of it, you can only distinctly 
 see the bendings that turn toward the east 
 or west. To see the bendings toward the 
 north or south, you must go round to the 
 east or west side. 
 
 When Hubert got into the new position, 
 he found that there was a great bend in the 
 stem. 
 
 " There's a great bend in it," said he, 
 " but there are no short crooks ; so I think 
 we can straighten it after we get it cut 
 down." 
 
 Georgie looked at it and then said that he 
 would rather have one that was straight al- 
 ready. And so he began to look about and 
 examine other stems.
 
 4O HUBERT. 
 
 In the meantime Hubert remained by the 
 one which Georgie had first found, and 
 seemed to be carefully examining it. He 
 observed that there were no short crooks in 
 it, but only one general bend, and this, he 
 thought, could be easily straightened. If 
 there are short crooks in a pole, or cane, 
 that you are cutting in the woods, they can- 
 not be taken out ; but a general bending of it, 
 in one direction, can be easily remedied. 
 Sometimes you can straighten it at once, as 
 soon as it is cut down. A surer way, how- 
 ever, is to heat it before a fire, keeping it 
 there until it has had time to become heated 
 through. Then when you straighten it it 
 will remain straight. The reason is, that if 
 wood is hot, it " takes a set," when it is 
 bent at least it is much more inclined to 
 do this than when it is cold. 
 
 A girl once had a pretty little garden hoe,
 
 STRAIGHTENING THE POLE. 41 
 
 with a long and slender handle, whiqh had 
 been nicely smoothed, and was made of 
 very pretty wood, but it had unfortunately 
 become warped in seasoning, as wood some- 
 times will, and was bent a little. This not 
 only injured the appearance of it, but made it 
 somewhat inconvenient to be used. 
 
 Her brother, when he discovered this, 
 took the hoe to the kitchen fire, and let it 
 lie there before the fire, until the wood had 
 become heated through as hot as he could 
 make it without danger of scorching the 
 wood. Then by placing it across his knee, 
 he found he could straighten it very easily ; 
 for now when the fibres of the wood were 
 brought into a new position by the force 
 which he applied, they, for some reason or 
 other connected with their being heated, 
 accommodated themselves to the new ar- 
 rangement, and remained fixed in it. Or 
 4*
 
 42 HUBERT. 
 
 in other words, and as mechanics usually 
 express it, they " took a set." 
 
 Wood can be bent, and will take a set in 
 this way, when it is seasoned and dry, but 
 it will do this more readily when it is green, 
 that is, when the pores are full of mois- 
 ture. The moisture, it seems, has the effect 
 of softening the woody fibre, and making 
 it more flexible, and more manageable every 
 way. Sometimes when wood is already 
 seasoned, so that it bends with difficulty, 
 the workman fills the pores with water 
 again, by immersing the wood for some 
 time in hot water, or by steaming it, which 
 is a still better method. 
 
 If a piece of wood requires to be bent 
 much, it is necessary to soften the wood by 
 water, or else it cannot be done. You can 
 only bend dry wood a little by heating it 
 before the fire. If a boy wishes to make
 
 TAKEN A SET. 43 
 
 much of a curve in his wood as for ex- 
 ample 'he should undertake to make a 
 frame sled, and should wish to bend up the 
 forward ends of the runners, the way would 
 be to get out the pieces for the runners, 
 straight, and then dip the forward ends as 
 far as the bend was to come, in boiling 
 water as for instance, in the boiler over a 
 stove or range on washing day, or in a 
 pretty deep kettle over a fire made for the 
 purpose out of doors, and let them remain 
 so until the wood had become thoroughly 
 impregnated with the hot water. He would 
 find, then, that if the wood was not too thick, 
 it would become quite flexible, and the ends 
 could be bent with comparative ease. Only 
 in this case they must be secured in the bent 
 position until they have dried, when it would 
 be found that they had taken a set, and that, 
 too, of a very permanent character.
 
 44 HUBERT. 
 
 A boy in the country once made a pair 
 of runners in this way, and by means of 
 them he fabricated a very good sled. The 
 plan which he adopted to bend the ends of 
 the runners, and to secure them in position 
 while they were drying, .was this. He bored 
 two auger holes side by side in a piece of 
 plank, and then inserting the softened ends 
 of the runners into these holes, he bent the 
 part outside of the holes down near the 
 plank, and tied them there. He then leaned 
 the plank, with the runners thus lashed to 
 it, up against the barn, in a sunny corner, to 
 dry, and after some days, when he took the 
 bars out, he found the curves which he had 
 made had taken a set in a very satisfactory 
 manner ; and by means of them he after- 
 ward made an excellent sled.
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 A Quarrel. 
 
 "T TUBERT found, on examination, that 
 the pole which Georgie had discov- 
 ered, with the exception of the gentle bend 
 in it, was an excellent one for a fishing-pole, 
 and as Georgie had gone away and left it, 
 he determined to take it himself. 
 
 " You don't find one such pole in a thou- 
 sand," he said to himself, " as this will make 
 when it is straightened and seasoned and 
 planed. It will be straight enough for me 
 to plane, I believe, or at least to smooth 
 with a spoke-shave." 
 
 A spoke-shave is a very curious, and yet 
 
 (45)
 
 46 HUBERT. 
 
 a very simple tool, and not dear. It is ex- 
 cellent for shaping and smoothing canes, 
 poles, bows, arrows, and all such things. 
 It is called a spoke-shave, because it is 
 chiefly designed to be used by wheel-wrights 
 and wagon-makers in shaping and smooth- 
 ing the spokes of wheels. 
 
 Hubert had a spoke-shave in his trunk. 
 He had brought it with him to his aunt's, 
 knowing that it would be very convenient 
 for him in many of his operations. 
 
 But to return to the story. Hubert, after 
 coming to the conclusion that the pole which 
 he was looking at would make an excellent 
 one to be taken home and finished up for fu- 
 ture use, took his knife out of his pocket and 
 began to cut it off near the ground. He 
 understood that Georgie had abandoned it. 
 But while he was at work cutting it, Geor- 
 gie came back to the place and looked on.
 
 GEORGIE CLAIMS THE POLE. 47 
 
 When he saw that Hubert seemed inclined 
 to value the pole, he began to think more 
 favorably of it himself. It very often hap- 
 pens that children do not want a thing till 
 they find that somebody else wants it, and 
 then they want it very much. 
 
 " Are you going to take that pole ?" asked 
 Georgie. 
 
 " Yes," replied Hubert. 
 
 " But it is too crooked," said Georgie. 
 
 " It is only bent," said Hubert, " and I can 
 straighten it very easily." 
 
 " And then, besides, it is my pole," said 
 George. " I found it." 
 
 " No," replied Hubert, " it is not yours. 
 You went oif and left it." 
 
 " No," replied Georgie, " I only went to 
 see if I could find a better one, and I can't 
 find a better one ; so I want this." 
 
 By this time Hubert had cut the pole off
 
 48 HUBERT. 
 
 at the bottom, and was now beginning to 
 cut off the little cluster of branches that 
 formed the top. He did not seem inclined 
 to make much reply to Georgie's claim, and 
 Georgie began to feel a little disturbed in 
 mind at Hubert's taking no notice of him. 
 
 " I say it's my pole," said Georgie, " be- 
 cause I found it." 
 
 " And I say it is mine," said Hubert, " be- 
 cause I cut it down." 
 
 " But you had no right to cut it down," 
 said Georgie, " when it was mine ; for I 
 found it." 
 
 " You looked at it," replied Hubert, "and 
 that was all. Do you suppose that a boy 
 has a right to all the poles and trees in the 
 woods that he happens to look at." 
 
 Next to taking away from a boy what he 
 considers as his property, nothing is more 
 apt to vex and irritate him than to make his
 
 HUBERT ALSO. 49 
 
 arguments appear ridiculous, and Georgie 
 began to be quite out of humor. So just 
 as Hubert had finished cutting off the top 
 of the pole he took hold of the lower end 
 of it, saying, 
 
 " It is my pole, and I mean to have it.'-' 
 
 " No, it is not your pole," replied Hubert, 
 " and you are not going to have it." 
 
 So while Georgie had hold of the lower 
 end of the pole, Hubert retained the other 
 in his grasp, and they began to pull against 
 each other. They soon Became quite ex- 
 cited, and in the struggle for the possession 
 of the pole, they finally brought it across 
 the stem of a tree which was near them, 
 and one pulling upon one side and the other 
 upon the other, the pole cracked in the 
 middle, and was spoiled. 
 
 They then dropped the pole, and stood 
 looking at each other a moment with an ex-
 
 50 HUBERT. 
 
 pression of anger and defiance in their coun- 
 tenances, when suddenly Georgie said, 
 
 " I won't stay and play with such a fel- 
 low," and turned round to walk away. 
 
 " Nor I either," said Hubert, and he 
 began to walk off in the contrary direc- 
 tion. 
 
 Now, I do not know whether the boys 
 and girls who may read this book are old 
 enough to understand much about philoso- 
 phy, but there is something about the phi- 
 losophy of quarreling which is very curious, 
 and which it is very useful for everybody to 
 understand. 
 
 It is this, namely : that in almost all the 
 cases when. people quarrel, the thing that 
 they quarrel about involves a question which 
 has two sides to it, and each one of the quar- 
 relers sees only his own side. Of course, 
 if he only sees his own side, and not all that
 
 THE DISPUTE. 5 1 
 
 of the other party, it is very natural that he 
 should think, and honestly think, too, that 
 the other party is wholly in the wrong. 
 
 In this case, for instance, each boy, as he 
 looked only on his side of the question, hon- 
 estly thought that he was right, and that 
 the other was wholly in the wrong. Hu- 
 bert examined the pole when Georgie, after 
 looking at it, had passed on. Georgie had 
 done nothing at all to it, except to look at 
 it, and find that it was bent. Hubert had 
 cut it down and trimmed off the top, and it 
 seemed to him that it was clearly and right- 
 fully his ; and all because he only looked at 
 his side of the question, without paying any 
 attention to Georgie's side. 
 
 Georgie, on the other hand, looked only 
 at his side, without paying any attention to 
 Hubert's. To him it seemed to be a case 
 where one boy found a pole, and called an-
 
 52 HUBERT. 
 
 other boy to see it, but did not fully decide 
 to take it until he had looked a little farth- 
 er ; and while he remained undecided, the 
 other boy came and took the pole which he 
 had found, without his leave. It was, in his 
 view, a very decided case of wrong. The 
 pole, it honestly seemed to him, was clearly 
 and rightfully his. 
 
 If each of the other boys had stopped to 
 look at the other boy's side of the question 
 as well as his own, he would have seen it 
 was a doubtful case, and it would have been 
 comparatively easy for them to come to some 
 amicable understanding about it. 
 
 A very large portion of the quarrels which 
 arise in the world come in this way that is 
 from people looking at only their own side 
 of the question. I advise you all, therefore 
 all who read this book when you become 
 men and women, to make this your rule,
 
 LOOK CAREFULLY AT THE CASE. 53 
 
 namely : that whenever any misunderstand- 
 ing begins to arise between yourself and any 
 person, before letting it grow into a quarrel, 
 stop and take time to look carefully at the 
 case as seen from /zw-side of it. That is, put 
 yourself as much as possible in his case, and 
 imagine that you were his lawyer, and were 
 trying to prove his claim, and see how much, 
 in that case, you would have to say in his 
 favor. You may after all find that you are 
 in the right, or at least that your claim is 
 stronger than his ; but you will be much 
 more gentle and forbearing in insisting on 
 your rights, after fairly considering his, and 
 the contention which might otherwise have 
 become a terrible quarrel, will perhaps be 
 settled in a very amiable manner. 
 
 Nor is it best to postpone putting this 
 rule into practice until you are men and 
 women. Any boy who is old enough and 
 5*
 
 54 HUBERT. 
 
 sensible enough to understand the principle, 
 and who has self-command enough to put it 
 into practice, will find that he will live much 
 more peaceably and happy with his com- 
 panions, and pass his time much more plea 
 santly in all respects, by governing himself 
 by it while he is a boy.
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 Peace. 
 
 "TTTE left the two boys, Georgie and 
 Hubert, walking off in opposite di- 
 rections from the place where they had been 
 playing, each in high dudgeon. At first they 
 both walked very fast, as if they were de- 
 termined to get away from each other as 
 quick and as far as possible. They were 
 each intending so far as they had formed 
 any distinct intention in their minds to go 
 home. They scrambled through the bushes 
 for a little way with great energy, but the 
 obstacles which they encountered impeded 
 their progress somewhat, and possibly the 
 
 (55)
 
 56 HUBERT. 
 
 violent exertion which they made had the 
 effect of working off some portion of the 
 violence of their anger or, as the physiolo- 
 gists would say a part of the vital force 
 which was expending itself in cerebral ex- 
 citement was diverted, and was employed 
 in supplying the muscular force necessary 
 for getting through the thickets. I don't 
 know how this may be ; but at any rate the 
 boys both found, as they advanced, that they 
 became somewhat less eager, and they grad- 
 ually slackened their pace. The thought 
 came suddenly into Georgie's mind that he 
 was going to lose all the fishing with the 
 nice new fishing-lines which he and Hubert 
 had taken so much pains to make. 
 
 " I don't care," he said to himself. " I'd 
 rather lose all the fishing in the world, than 
 stay with such a fellow as that." 
 
 But though he said he did not care, he
 
 HUBERT CHANGES HIS MIND. 57 
 
 did care ; and he soon began to think that 
 it was a great pity not to be able even to 
 try the new lines. 
 
 These thoughts made him begin to feel 
 something like hesitation ; and by the time 
 he had got to the margin of the bushes, and 
 came out into the open field, he began to 
 walk very slowly, as if somewhat uncertain 
 what to do. 
 
 As for Hubert, his mind passed through 
 a similar series of changes. When he first 
 set out he said to himself, 
 
 " I never saw such a fellow in my life ! 
 To make such a fuss about an old pole not 
 worth two cents ! And when he had no 
 right to it at all ; only because he had just 
 looked at it. He might have had the pole 
 just as well as not. I did not care about 
 the old thing !" 
 
 This was very absurd and inconsistent in
 
 58 HUBERT. 
 
 Hubert ; for if he did not care about the 
 old thing, why did he refuse so strenuously 
 to let Georgie have it ? But when people 
 allow themselves to get angry, they are very 
 likely to say and do what is inconsistent and 
 absurd. 
 
 Hubert did not distinctly perceive that 
 what he had said was absurd, but he had 
 a kind of half consciousness of something 
 wrong ; so that by the time he reached the 
 margin of the thicket, at a little distance 
 from the place where Georgie came out, his 
 impetuosity, as well as that of Georgie, had 
 considerably abated. They, however, both 
 continued to walk on in divergent direc- 
 tions, though they walked more and more 
 slowly. Indeed, if what a certain ancient 
 writer says about anger, namely, that it is a 
 short insanity, is true, it seemed as if these 
 boys were gradually coming to their senses.
 
 COMING ROUND. 59 
 
 Presently Georgie could not resist the 
 temptation of looking over his shoulder to 
 see how far Hubert had got ; and he did 
 this just at the instant that Hubert was 
 looking over his shoulder to see how far 
 Georgie had got. So each caught the other 
 looking back, and both involuntarily laugh- 
 ed ; but they both also instantly made an 
 effort to repress the laughing, as something 
 quite out of place under the circumstances, 
 and tried to look sober and angry again. 
 
 So they sauntered along very slowly, and 
 very soon both began to wish that the other 
 would do or say something that would open 
 the way for " making up," though neither 
 was prepared to take the step himself. Each 
 thought that he was waiting for the other 
 to do an unpleasant thing, which, however, 
 they both wished *n have done. This was 
 a great mistake. Instead of waiting to see
 
 60 HUBERT. 
 
 which of them would take upon himself the 
 doing of a disagreeable thing, it was really 
 to determine which of them should have the 
 honor of doing a noble thing ; that is, of 
 making the first acknowledgment of being 
 in the wrong, and the first advances toward 
 a reconciliation after a quarrel. 
 
 Pretty soon Georgie saw a large log lying 
 upon the ground, with bushes and weeds 
 growing up around one end of it. He 
 stopped to look at the place. He thought 
 he stopped to see whether there was not a 
 hornet's nest under the log, as it was very 
 much such a place as wasps and hornets 
 ordinarily choose for their nests, but he was 
 really stopping to protract the time and 
 give Hubert a chance to speak. Hubert, 
 seeing Georgie stop to examine the log, sat 
 down on a large flat stone which lay nearly 
 in his way. Georgie, observing by a furtive
 
 FRIENDS AGAIN. 6 1 
 
 glance, that Hubert had stopped and taken 
 a seat, sat down himself on the log, and 
 though he kept a sly watch all the time 
 upon Hubert's motions, he took great care 
 not to seem to be looking at him, and made 
 great efforts to keep a very stern and severe 
 expression of countenance. 
 
 Both the boys remained in this position a 
 few minutes without saying a word. At 
 length Hubert suddenly rose, and advanced 
 one or two steps toward Georgie, saying : 
 
 " Georgie, I think you and I are a couple 
 of fools." 
 
 Georgie looked up somewhat astonished, 
 but did not say anything, because, in fact 
 he did not know what to say. 
 
 " At any rate," said Hubert, " I think at 
 least that I'm one fool." 
 
 "And I believe I am the other," said 
 Georgie.
 
 62 HUBERT. 
 
 Georgie rose at the same time and ad- 
 vanced toward Hubert. 
 
 " To get a quarreling," said Hubert, 
 " about a miserable old stick, and that, too, 
 when just such ones are growing all about 
 us as thick as bean-poles in a garden." 
 
 " I am sorry I did not let you have it," 
 said Georgie, " when you had taken so much 
 pains to cut it down." 
 
 " And I am sorry I did not let you have 
 it," said Hubert, " when you were the one 
 that found it, and did not say that you gave 
 it up. If it was not broken you might have 
 it now." 
 
 It was evident now that both the boys 
 had so far recovered their senses, after their 
 " short insanity," that they could see some 
 other side of a question besides their own. 
 
 The boys then went back into the woods 
 again, and began to look out for poles.
 
 ABOUT FISHING-POLES. 63 
 
 Hubert proposed that they should each 
 choose two a small and slender one, not 
 very long, for fishing with that afternoon in 
 the brook, and that then, after they had 
 done fishing, that they should choose two 
 longer and larger ones to be taken home 
 and finished after they should be seasoned, 
 and kept to use when they wished to go a 
 fishing in the river, or in a mill-pond, or 
 wide stream, where they would require to 
 reach out farther from the shore. 
 
 " You see," said Hubert, " you can't use 
 a long pole very well, when you first cut it 
 in the woods ; for if it is long, it must be 
 large in proportion, and then it is very 
 heavy. It is very heavy when you first cut 
 it in the woods." 
 
 " What makes it so heavy then ?" asked 
 Georgie. 
 
 " On account of the sap that is in it," said
 
 64 HUBERT. 
 
 Hubert ; " but when you take it home and 
 hang it up somewhere in the shed, and let 
 it stay there all summer, all the sap that is 
 in it dries out, and then it becomes a great 
 deal lighter. 
 
 " Besides," continued Hubert, " we take 
 the bark off, and smooth the bunches and 
 little knots all off, and if we choose we can 
 make it slender all along, and so make it as 
 light as we please. 
 
 " You could not do that with a knife," he 
 continued, " because the blade of the knife 
 runs in and out, following the grain, and 
 you can't make it true ; but you can do it 
 very nicely with a spoke-shave." 
 
 " What kind of a tool is a spoke-shave ?" 
 asked Georgie. 
 
 " Didn't you ver see a spoke-shave ?" 
 asked Hubert. " It is a small tool like a 
 short stick, with two ends rounded for han-
 
 THE SPOKE-SHAVE. 65 
 
 dies. In the middle there is a little blade 
 set, which is very sharp, and the edge of it 
 comes out from the wood just far enough 
 for the thickness of one shaving. You can 
 set the blade just as you want it, so as to 
 cut thick shavings or thin." 
 
 " I should set it to cut thick shavings," 
 said Georgie, " so as to get along faster." 
 
 " That depends upon what kind of wood 
 you have," said Hubert ; " whether it is soft 
 and straight-grained, or hard, and gnarled, 
 and knotty." 
 
 " I would not take any wood that was 
 hard, and gnarled, and knotty," said Geor- 
 gie. 
 
 " Then you would not take any of the 
 prettiest wood," replied Hubert. " If you 
 are making a cane, the hard and knotty 
 wood makes the best and prettiest cane, 
 when it is finished and varnished ; though 
 6*
 
 66 HUBERT. 
 
 it takes longer to make it, because you have 
 to make thinner shavings." 
 
 " How did you find out all about these 
 things?" asked Georgie. 
 
 " Isaiah told me," replied Hubert. 
 
 By this time the boys had their poles 
 ready. They fished about three-fourths of 
 an hour, and had very good success. The 
 poles which they had cut, small and slender 
 as they were, answered the purpose very 
 well. When Georgie thought it was time 
 to go home, the boys strung their fishes 
 upon twigs, in the usual way, and then, lay- 
 ing them down together in the shade, they 
 looked about for two poles of larger size, 
 to be taken home with them, with a view 
 of seasoning them, and then finishing them 
 at their leisure by means of Hubert's spoke- 
 shave. 
 
 Sometimes at the end of a story there is
 
 THE MORAL. 6/ 
 
 a moral. If any one were to attempt to 
 draw a moral from this chapter, it would 
 be this, that a fishing-pole growing in the 
 woods, and the subject of a quarrel, whether 
 among boys or men, are alike in this respect, 
 namely : that to be able to judge correctly 
 of them, we must look at them from more 
 than one side. 
 
 I am not sure, however, whether, strictly 
 speaking, this is most nearly of the nature 
 of a moral or of a conundrum.
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 A Land Gr ant. 
 
 "T TUBERT, though he was quite an in- 
 telligent boy, and knew a great deal 
 about many common things, was not by any 
 means a good scholar at school. He was 
 very much behind-hand in all his studies. 
 He did not like study at all, nor books, nor 
 teachers, nor anything that pertained to 
 school in any way. He was very active in 
 his plays, and in his various contrivances for 
 amusing himself out of doors, or in a little 
 place that he called his shop at his mother's, 
 while his mother was living ; but if he could 
 
 (68)
 
 GARDENING. 69 
 
 have had his own way, he would never have 
 gone into a school-room at all. 
 
 It was in the spring of the year that he 
 came to live with his aunt, and Robert was 
 beginning to make the garden. He went 
 out one morning to see him. His aunt was 
 there, with a large sun-bonnet on her head, 
 giving directions. 
 
 "Hubert," said she, when she saw Hu- 
 bert coming, " I think you had better not 
 come into the garden much while Robert 
 is making it. I am afraid that you will in- 
 terrupt Robert at his work." 
 
 " Oh, no, auntie !" said Hubert. " I won't 
 interrupt him. I'll help him rather." 
 
 "Ah! I'm afraid not," said his aunt. 
 " There is nothing so troublesome when you 
 are at work in the garden, as a child about. 
 They are always meddling with the tools 
 and running over the beds."
 
 7O HUBERT. 
 
 " Why, aunt !" said Hubert. " Don't you 
 suppose that I have got sense enough yet 
 not to run over the beds ?" 
 
 Hubert had become by this time some- 
 what better acquainted with his aunt than 
 on the first day of his coming, and was less 
 afraid in speaking to her. 
 
 " Well," said she, hesitatingly, and after 
 a moment's pause, " you may stay a little 
 while this morning, but if he gives you any 
 
 trouble, Robert, or interrupts you at your 
 
 % 
 work, send him right out." 
 
 So saying, Mrs. Wood turned to go into 
 the house, and Hubert was so much vexed 
 at what she said, that he felt impelled to 
 relieve his feeling by making up a face at 
 her, behind her back, as she went out. I 
 don't wonder at his being a little vexed at 
 finding her so continually inclined to take 
 it for granted that he was a troublesome
 
 HELPING ROBERT. 71 
 
 and bad boy ; but he ought not to have 
 made a face at her. 
 
 Hubert immediately went to work help- 
 ing Robert all he could. He raked up the 
 weeds which Robert threw out of the beds 
 in spading them up, and then put them 
 into a wheelbarrow and wheeled them away. 
 
 He brought Robert the tools which he 
 wanted from time to time,and so saved him 
 a good many steps. He, moreover, went 
 of various errands for him, whenever and 
 wherever Robert had occasion to send him. 
 
 After this Mrs. Wood, finding, through 
 the account which Robert gave her, that 
 Hubert, when in the garden, was a help and 
 not a hindrance to him in his work, allowed 
 him to go into the garden when he pleased. 
 In about a week the garden was all laid out. 
 The flower-beds were made, and some of 
 them were sown, and the quarters intended
 
 72 HUBERT. 
 
 for corn, potatoes and other garden vege- 
 tables, were arranged. Two rows of peas 
 had been planted a week or two before, and 
 were just beginning to show their heads 
 above the ground. 
 
 The sight of these peas coming up awa- 
 kened in Hubert a strong desire to set some- 
 thing a growing himself. 
 
 " I wish aunt would let me have a gar- 
 den," he said. " I mean to ask her the next 
 time she comes out." 
 
 So he did, but his aunt shook her head, 
 saying, 
 
 " Oh, no, Hubert, my dear. I don't think 
 that would be worth while. You see you 
 would soon get tired of it, and it would all 
 grow up to weeds." 
 
 Hubert looked disappointed. 
 
 " You see, Hubert dear," said his aunt, 
 when she saw how disappointed he looked,
 
 HUBERT WANTS A GARDEN. 73 
 
 " you won't care about it long, if you have 
 a garden. Besides, you can see the flowers 
 in my beds, just as well as if they were in 
 your own, and I shall give you some of 
 them sometimes, when you are a good boy. 
 Then, as for weeding them and taking care 
 of them, you can have plenty of that work 
 to do on my beds, whenever you wish, and 
 that will be all the same thing." 
 
 Hubert thought it would not be the same 
 thing at all, but he did not know exactly 
 how to express the reason in words, and so 
 he remained silent. 
 
 " At any rate," continued Mrs. Wood, " I 
 could not let you have a bed in my garden, 
 for we have to keep my garden specially 
 nice. Robert is very particular about hav- 
 ing everything in order in my beds." 
 
 " But, perhaps," she added, after a mo- 
 ment's pause, and then, after hesitating 
 7
 
 74 HUBERT. 
 
 a moment, she turned to Robert, and 
 said, 
 
 " You will reserve a piece of ground for 
 your second planting of peas, I suppose, 
 Robert." 
 
 " Yes, Mrs. Wood," said Robert. " I usu- 
 ally reserve two or three pieces of ground. 
 We generally plant peas at least three times." 
 
 " Very well," said Mrs. Wood. " Then 
 we can arrange it quite nicely. You can 
 let Hubert ha\ r e one of those reserved beds. 
 And so, Hubert, you can have a good place 
 for your garden as long as you will want it. 
 You will get tired of it, }^ou know, before 
 the time comes for planting the peas, which 
 won't be till three or four weeks from this, 
 perhaps. That will be just what you would 
 like, won't it, my dear ?" 
 
 " But suppose I don't get tired of it," said 
 Hubert, " and want to keep it."
 
 MRS. WOOD'S DOUBTS." 75 
 
 " There's no danger of that," said Mrs. 
 Wood. " You will be tired of taking care 
 of it and pulling up the weeds, long before 
 that time. The little rogues grow very fast, 
 and they come up by the million." 
 
 " But, auntie, "said Hubert. " I have had 
 a garden before, and kept it in good order 
 all summer, and gathered seeds from it in 
 the fall." 
 
 " I don't know," said Mrs. Wood, shaking 
 her head. " I have some doubts about the 
 order that you kept it in. It might have 
 been what you would call in good order. 
 However, I wont say positively that you 
 must give up your garden in three weeks. 
 If I find you do really keep it nicely, I may 
 be tempted to let you keep it longer." 
 
 " All summer ?" asked Hubert. 
 
 " Well, I don't know about all summer," 
 replied Mrs. Wood. " But we will see."
 
 76 HUBERT. 
 
 " Robert," she said, turning toward Rob- 
 ert, who was at work near, " suppose Hu- 
 bert should give up his garden in the mid- 
 dle of the summer, is there any seed that 
 can be put in as late as that, that would 
 come to anything ?" 
 
 " I suppose we could raise some turnips 
 upon it," said Robert. 
 
 " Very well, then," said Mrs. Wood, " you 
 shall have your garden as long as you keep 
 it in perfect order. 
 
 " You see, I am willing to indulge you in 
 anything reasonable." Mrs. Wood added ; 
 " and to show you that I wish to do all I 
 can to make you happy, I will come out day 
 after to-morrow and help you arrange your 
 garden, and give you my advice about the 
 kinds of seeds you had better sow in it. I 
 shall be engaged to-day and to-morrow, but 
 it will take you all that time to get your
 
 MRS. WOOD CONSENTS. 77 
 
 ground ready. You must dig it deep and 
 rake it fine, and line it out perfectly straight 
 and square at the sides and corners." 
 
 So saying, Mrs. Wood went away, leaving 
 Robert to select a piece of ground. 
 
 As soon as his aunt had gone, Hubert sat 
 down upon a seat by the side of the broad 
 alley of the garden, to reflect upon what 
 had been said and done. 
 
 " I've a great mind not to have any gar- 
 den at all," he said to himself in his vexation, 
 
 But Robert interrupted his reverie by 
 proposing to go with him and select a place. 
 Hubert rose slowly, and somewhat reluc- 
 tantly, and followed him. He thought that 
 there would at least be no harm in seeing 
 the place. Now, Robert was very much 
 disposed to keep Hubert all he could, as, 
 indeed, he ought to have been, considering 
 how much Hubert had helped him. 
 7*
 
 78 HUBERT. 
 
 He accordingly took Hubert along the 
 walks, and showed him several plots which 
 he could have. Hubert began to be some- 
 what interested in the selection. Finally a 
 place was found, somewhat retired, which 
 Hubert said he liked the best. It extended 
 along the side of a broad walk for about 
 twenty feet, and was bounded at the two 
 ends by two narrow walks, running at right 
 angles to the broad one. 
 
 " There," said Robert, " you can have a 
 piece of ground here. It is about twenty 
 feet long." 
 
 " And how wide can I have it ?" asked 
 Hubert. 
 
 " Any width you please," said Robert. 
 " You can go back as far as you like. 
 Only don't take more land than you think 
 you can take good care of. They say 
 that farmers often miss it by having too
 
 THE PLOT MEASURED. 79 
 
 much land ; more than they can take good 
 care of." 
 
 Hubert placed his right foot at the mar- 
 gin of the alley, and then took three long 
 steps across his land. 
 
 " There !" said he, turning on his heel 
 upon the ground, at the spot where the 
 three paces ended, to make a mark, " I 
 would like to have my land come as far as 
 this." 
 
 " Very well," said Robert ; " go and get 
 a stake, and drive it down at your mark. 
 Then go and get: the measuring-pole, and 
 measure the same distance at the two ends 
 by the narrow walks, and stretch the line 
 along, and so lay out a narrow path along 
 the back side of your lot. That will mark 
 it out, and then you can go to work upon it 
 as soon as you please."
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 Hindering instead of Helping. 
 
 HTUBERT determined to hurry forward 
 his work so as, if possible, to have his 
 garden all made and planted before his aunt 
 should come to help him with her advice. 
 He was very distrustful in respect to the 
 aid which he should receive from such coun- 
 sel and advice as he thought she would give 
 him. 
 
 So he worked diligently all the time that 
 he had, that day and the next. He called 
 upon Robert several times for advice, and 
 Robert gave him advice in the right way; 
 that is, he aided him in finding the best 
 (80)
 
 HUBERT PLANTS HIS GARDEN. 8 I 
 
 means of doing what Hubert himself wished 
 to do ; whereas, I am very much afraid that 
 if his aunt had been there, her idea would 
 not have been to aid him in doing what he 
 himself wished to do, but to interfere, as 
 he would have called it, with his plans, 
 and urged him to adopt others of her 
 own. 
 
 He, therefore, went on briskly, and planned 
 and planted his garden according to his own 
 ideas. 
 
 On the morning of the day which his aunt 
 had appointed for helping him, she told him 
 at breakfast that she would come out about 
 nine o'clock and help him in arranging his 
 garden. He told her at once that it was all 
 done. She expressed her surprise at this, 
 and asked him, in a somewhat disappointed 
 tone, why he had not waited for her to ad- 
 vise him about it.
 
 82 HUBERT. 
 
 " However," said she, " it is no great mat- 
 ter. I see what we can do." 
 
 Her idea was that after all, Hubert's hav- 
 ing planted his garden would do no great 
 harm. 
 
 
 
 " The ground, in the spring," said she to 
 herself, " is full of all sorts of seeds, both of 
 weeds and also of the flowers which grew 
 the year before, and those which Hubert 
 has planted will not make much addition. 
 
 " We can simply pay no attention to what 
 he has sown," she continued, in her thoughts, 
 " but plant the ground over again, just as if 
 nothing had been done to it, and so let the 
 seeds which he has put in come up if they 
 have a mind to, with the weeds, and be 
 pulled out in the weeding." 
 
 Accordingly, at nine o'clock, Mrs. Wood 
 went out into the garden and approached 
 Hubert with a very smiling face.
 
 MRS. WOOD DISSATISFIED. 83 
 
 " Well, my dear," she said, " where is the 
 bed which Robert has given you. I'll show 
 you now exactly what to do." 
 
 Hubert led the way to the bed. It was 
 in the back part of the garden, on the mar- 
 gin of a quarter which was to be appropri- 
 ated to corn. Across the alley was another 
 plot, which Robert had said was to be de- 
 voted to early potatoes. 
 
 Mrs. Wood looked a little dissatisfied 
 when she saw the spot. 
 
 " Is this the place ?" she said. " I am 
 rather sorry that Robert chose this place ; 
 it is a little too public for your garden. I 
 was in hopes that he would find a place 
 more out of the way." 
 
 " But, aunt," said Hubert, " this place is 
 as far out of the way as it can be, and yet 
 be in the garden. It is going to be all corn 
 and potatoes about here."
 
 84 HUBERT. 
 
 " Well," said Mrs. Wood, speaking, how- 
 ever, still in a doubtful and hesitating man- 
 ner. " Well ! never mind ! Since he has 
 given it to you, and especially as I see you 
 have dug it all up, I suppose you had better 
 keep it. And now about the kinds of seeds 
 that you had better sow in it." 
 
 " But, aunt, it is all sowed already," said 
 Hubert. " I put in all seeds yesterday. I 
 had the seeds in my trunk. I brought them 
 with me. There is not room for any more 
 at all." 
 
 " What is that great circle in the middle 
 of the bed ?" asked Mrs. Wood. 
 
 Mrs. Wood observed marks of a large 
 circle having been made in the middle of 
 the bed, so large as take up the whole width 
 of it, which was about eight feet. The cir- 
 cumference of this circle was defined by a 
 low, flattened ridge, which extended all
 
 HUBERT'S WIGWAM. 85 
 
 around it. Hubert had marked the outline 
 quite exactly by means of a stake, in the 
 centre, and a piece of twine nearly three 
 feet long for radius. 
 
 " What is that circle for ?" asked Mrs. 
 Wood. " What have you planted there ?" 
 
 " Beans," said Hubert. 
 
 
 
 " Beans !" repeated his aunt. " But it 
 seems to me Hubert, my dear, I would not 
 have beans in my garden, if I were you. 
 You can get a great deal prettier flowers 
 than beans." 
 
 " I don't want them for the flowers/' said 
 Hubert, " I want them for the shade." 
 
 " For the shade !" repeated Mrs. Wood, 
 quite surprised. 
 
 " Yes, aunt," said Hubert. " That's where 
 I am going to have my wigwam." 
 
 " Your wigwam !" repeated Mrs. Wood, 
 more and more surprised. 
 8
 
 86 HUBERT. 
 
 Hubert then went on to explain that he 
 was going to have a wigwam in his garden, 
 like one that he had in his garden at home, 
 which Isaiah showed him how to make. He 
 first planted beans those of the climbing 
 kind in a great circle. Then when they 
 came up he cut poles out of the woods, 
 leaving the tops, long and slender, upon 
 them. He stuck the poles into the ground 
 around the circle, and tied the tops together 
 over head. Then in the middle of the sum- 
 mer, when the beans had grown up high, he 
 had a nice wigwam, where he could go in 
 and sit in the shade. He set the two poles 
 that came in front, he said, farther apart 
 than the others, so as to make room for a 
 door. 
 
 Mrs. Wood did not seem so much pleased 
 and interested with this idea of a wigwam, 
 as Hubert might have expected. On the
 
 MRS. WOOD STILL DISSATISFIED. 87 
 
 contrary, she looked very serious, and said 
 at length, shaking her head slowly and 
 thoughtfully, 
 
 " But it seems to me, Hubert, that I 
 should not want a wigwam in my garden, 
 if I were you, nor beans. It would be a 
 great deal better to have pretty flowers. 
 If I were you, I would rake that big circle 
 all over, and make some pretty little beds 
 in the place of it." 
 
 Hubert looked as if he felt very little in- 
 clined to accept this advice, and so his aunt 
 did not press it upon him. 
 
 " I think you will be sorry," said she ; 
 " but, however, you shall have it as you 
 like. But I think that when your seeds 
 come up, you will wish you had taken my 
 advice, and put into your garden something 
 prettier than those great coarse beans." 
 
 So Mrs. Wood went away dissatified her-
 
 88 HUBERT. 
 
 self, and leaving Hubert even more dissatis- 
 fied and unhappy still. 
 
 Mrs. Wood was the more willing to con- 
 sent at last, though reluctantly, to Hubert's 
 planting his garden in his own way, on ac- 
 count of her being so confident that he 
 would get tired of it in a short time, and 
 would not take good care of it, and that it 
 would then be easy for her to persuade him 
 to give it up, and let Robert put turnips in 
 the ground. 
 
 It so happened that a few days after this 
 Mrs. Wood went out of town, and was gone 
 about three weeks. In the meantime Hu- 
 bert's seeds came up, and as soon as they 
 were so far out of the ground that he could 
 distinguish the flowers from the weeds, he 
 attended carefully to the weeding of the 
 bed, and put it in what seemed to him ex- 
 cellent order. He went over it carefully
 
 HUBERT PREPARES FOR INSPECTION. 89 
 
 again the day before his aunt was to return, 
 so that she might see that it was safe to 
 trust him with a piece of ground. He 
 wheeled away all the weeds from the paths, 
 and then straightened the edges of his bed 
 as carefully as possible. Of course he could 
 not get the sides perfectly straight, nor make 
 the corners perfectly square ; nor could he 
 get out every one of the weeds. Some little 
 rogues will hide away where you cannot 
 find them ; and even if you could find and 
 eradicate every single weed that has shown 
 its head above ground, and leave your gar- 
 den perfectly free at night, some would come 
 up while you were asleep, so that your beds 
 would not be perfectly free in morning. 
 
 When Mrs. Wood went out into her gar- 
 den on the day after her return, Hubert 
 was quite eager to take her to see his bed. 
 His aunt showed no interest in going, being
 
 9O . HUBERT. 
 
 occupied in examining her own beds, and 
 in giving fresh directions to Robert. She 
 put Hubert off several times, but at last she 
 said, " Well, I suppose I must go and see 
 your bed, and I may as well go now, per- 
 haps, as at any time." 
 
 When she came to the bed, she surveyed 
 it a few minutes in silence, and then said, 
 speaking hesitatingly and doubtfully, 
 
 " Well, well, Hubert ! on the whole, you 
 have done pretty well ; better, in fact, than 
 I expected. Your beans have come up 
 nicely but don't you wish that you had 
 taken my advice, and planted something 
 prettier there ? 
 
 " And, Hubert, it would be a good plan," 
 
 she continued, " to make the edges of your 
 
 
 bed straight, and the corners square. You 
 
 have got it in pretty good shape now, but 
 I am very particular about everything in
 
 THE INSPECTION DISCOURAGING. 9! 
 
 my garden. I must have every thing perfect. 
 And how about the weeds ? Let me see if 
 you have got out all the weeds." 
 
 So saying, she began to look very closely 
 along the rows of plants that were coming 
 up, pushing them aside with her hands, to 
 see if there were any hidden weeds to be 
 found. 
 
 " You've done pretty well on the whole," 
 she said. " But you have not found all the 
 weeds. See ! there's one, and there's an- 
 other, and there's another ! There are quite 
 a number. They are small, it is true, but 
 they'll soon grow bigger if you don't keep 
 them out. You can't be too particular in 
 doing your weeding thoroughly. You know 
 the ground was to be forfeited if you did 
 not keep it clear of weeds." 
 
 Hubert was beginning to feel very much 
 disturbed in mind and discouraged. He
 
 92 HUBERT. 
 
 said nothing, but turned his face a little to 
 one side, as if to conceal his emotion. His 
 aunt perceived that he was troubled, and 
 said, 
 
 " But you need not be disheartened about 
 it. I don't know but that you have done as 
 well as I could have expected. We ought 
 not to expect that little boys should be able 
 to keep a garden very nicely. It is very 
 particular work, you know. I told you that 
 you would not persevere and keep the weeds 
 out, and I ought not to expect you should. 
 Besides, you really have done it pretty well, 
 considering." 
 
 These words, instead of comforting Hu- 
 bert, only seemed to trouble him more and 
 more, and Mrs. Wood perceiving it, thought 
 she would not press the subject any farther, 
 but turned to go away, saying to herself, 
 " his feelings seen) to be hurt, though I don't
 
 THE STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE. 93 
 
 know why. I am sure I have not said any- 
 thing to trouble him. On the contrary, I 
 have said everything to excuse him. Per- 
 haps I said too much. It won't do for me to 
 be so indulgent as to lower his standard and 
 make him careless." 
 
 Mrs. Wood made a great point of keeping 
 up the standard of excellence for children 
 very high, which is an excellent thing, pro- 
 vided it is done in the right way. 
 
 As soon as she had gone, Hubert walked 
 slowly away in the contrary direction. He 
 sauntered along a path which led to the end 
 of the garden, where there was a stile, lead- 
 ing over into a field beyond. He went over 
 the stile, and sat down upon the lower step, 
 on the side toward the field, where he was, 
 in a great measure, out of sight. He re- 
 mained here for several minutes, doing no- 
 thing except that he pulled off, in apparent
 
 94 HUBERT. 
 
 abstraction, some heads of grass and clover 
 that grew by his side, and threw them out 
 into the path before him. 
 
 Presently he rose, returned over the stile, 
 and began to walk back along the path to- 
 ward the house, with the air of one who, 
 after a period of doubt and uncertainty, had 
 come to a conclusion. He went directly to 
 the place where the garden tools were kept, 
 and took a spade. He then returned to his 
 ground and began spading it up, commenc- 
 ing at one end, and taking in the path which 
 he had made along the back side of it, and 
 turning everything under. He persevered 
 diligently at this work for an hour, and at 
 the end of that time all traces of his garden 
 were obliterated, except that the portion 
 of the ground which it had occupied 
 had the appearance of having been spaded 
 over.
 
 ROBERT'S SURPRISE. 95 
 
 When this was done, he went and put 
 away the spade, and then he called out to 
 Robert, who was working at a little distance 
 from him, saying, 
 
 " Robert, isn't it almost time for you to 
 put in your second planting of peas ?" 
 
 " Yes," said Robert, " I'm going to do it 
 to-morrow." 
 
 " Well, you can put them in my bed." 
 
 " In your bed ?" exclaimed Robert, sur- 
 prised. 
 
 " Yes," replied Hubert. " I've spaded it 
 up all ready for you. I'm not going to have 
 any garden." 
 
 " Master Hubert," exclaimed Robert, " I 
 did not know that you were so changea- 
 ble." 
 
 " You won't have any work to do to pre- 
 pare ground," continued Hubert, " but you 
 will have some extra trouble about the weed-
 
 9 6 
 
 HUBERT. 
 
 ing. There were a good many of my flow- 
 ers that had not come up, and if they come 
 up now, after your peas are planted, they'll 
 only be weeds."
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 The Two Locomotives. 
 
 evening Georgie was talking with 
 his father, and the conversation turned 
 on Hubert. Georgie said he liked Hubert 
 very much indeed. 
 
 " And he knows more," said Georgie, 
 eagerly, " than any boy I ever saw." 
 " Ah !" said his father. 
 " Yes, sir," said Georgie. " He learned 
 so many things that Isaiah taught him. But 
 then he's a very poor scholar." 
 
 " That's strange," said his father ; " that 
 he should know more than other boys, and 
 9 (97)
 
 98 HUBERT. 
 
 yet be a poor scholar. What makes you 
 think that he is a poor scholar?" 
 
 " He says so himself," replied Georgie ; 
 " especially in arithmetic. He says he hates 
 arithmetic. He can't understand it at all." 
 
 " Perhaps there is some defect in his 
 brain," said his father ; " or perhaps he is 
 only off the track." 
 
 Juno was sitting at the window sewing 
 during this conversation, and she listened 
 to it attentively. 
 
 " What do you mean by his being off the 
 track y asked Georgie. 
 
 " I'll tell you a story about it," said his 
 father. 
 
 The truth was that Georgie's father per- 
 ceived that Juno was listening to what he 
 was saying, and he conceived the idea of 
 telling the story quite as much with refer- 
 ence to her benefit as for Georgie's.
 
 STORY OF AN ENGINEER. 99 
 
 " Once there was an engineer," said he, 
 commencing the story, " who had the charge 
 of a number of locomotives, and among them 
 there were two that would not go well. The 
 men sent for the engineer to come and see 
 what was the matter. The locomotives 
 would go a little way, they said, with a 
 great deal of hitching and jolting, and then 
 they would stop altogether. 
 
 " So the engineer went to see them. He 
 examined the first very carefully, turned 
 the different handles, set the different parts 
 in motion, and noticed how they worked, 
 and finally found that the difficulty was in 
 the cylinder. So he had the head of the 
 cylinder unscrewed, and there he found that 
 the machinist, in putting the engine togeth- 
 er, had forgotten to pack the piston." 
 
 " What is that ?" asked Georgie. 
 
 " Why the piston is a round thing," said
 
 100 HUBERT. 
 
 his father, " that moves to and fro in the 
 cylinder, as the steam drives it one way and 
 the other. It is meant to fit the inside of 
 the cylinder exactly, so that the steam can- 
 not leak by it. The thing inside a squirt- 
 gun by which you force out the water, is a 
 piston. It might, perhaps be called a kind 
 of movable stopper." 
 
 " I know now," said Georgie. " We al- 
 ways wind tow around it in the squirt-gun, 
 to prevent it from leaking." 
 
 " Yes," said his father, " and that tow is 
 the packing. Now the machinist had for- 
 gotten to put the packing around his piston, 
 and so the steam escaped by the sides of it, 
 and the engine could not work with any 
 power. 
 
 " When the engineer found what the diffi- 
 culty was, he said, 
 
 " ' This engine can never do any work in
 
 " OFF THE TRACK." IOI 
 
 this condition. It must go back to the ma- 
 chine shop and have the piston packed.' 
 
 " Then he went to the other locomotive 
 and began to examine that. He looked at all 
 the joints, tried the valves and the supply- 
 pipes, watched the working of the piston- 
 rod, and everything seemed right. At last 
 he crept under the engine, and began to ex- 
 amine the state of things there, and very 
 soon he suddenly exclaimed, 
 
 " ' There is nothing the matter with this 
 engine. The only trouble is she is off the 
 track. 
 
 " ' See !" said he, and he showed the work- 
 men that the wheels had not all their proper 
 bearing on the rails. Two of them were 
 out of place, and were running on the sleep- 
 ers. 
 
 " The engineer then went back along the 
 track, and there he found that the wheels 
 9*
 
 102 HUBERT. 
 
 had been off the rails for some time. There 
 were marks left on the sleepers where the 
 flanges had cut into the wood, and places 
 where the men had put small sticks of wood 
 from the tender, to bridge over little hollows 
 and to help the wheels along. It was no 
 wonder that the locomotive made a great 
 deal of hitching and jolting in trying to go 
 over such a way as this, and that it made 
 very slow progress, when it did go. 
 
 " When the engineer satisfied himself 
 what the difficulty was, he ordered the men 
 to bring on the jack-screws. He set these 
 jack-screws under the engine, and by the 
 prodigious force which they exerted, raised 
 the heavy weight, till he could bring the 
 wheels into their places, and the engine then 
 went on merrily, trundling along on the 
 track at a great rate of speed, as if she en- 
 joyed it."
 
 THE LOCOMOTIVES. 1 03 
 
 " And did they mend the other one, too ?" 
 asked Georgie. 
 
 " I suppose so," replied his father. 
 
 " Now, boys in their studies," continued 
 his father, " are in one respect like these 
 locomotives. When they are not good 
 scholars, it may be that there is some in- 
 ternal difficulty, which makes their minds 
 incapable of working well ; or it may be 
 that their minds are all right, and that the 
 whole trouble is that they are off the track. 
 In that case, all you have got to do is to get 
 them on the track again, and then they go 
 on very well. 
 
 " But in two respects the cases are differ- 
 ent. The first is, that if there is any inter- 
 nal difficulty that is, any malformation or 
 imperfection in the brain, there is no rem- 
 edy. We can't send the mind of the boy 
 
 * 
 back to the machine-shop to have the piston
 
 104 HUBERT. 
 
 packed, or the deficiency, whatever it may 
 be, supplied. And the second is, that if we 
 find that the trouble with the boy is that he 
 is off the track, we cannot put him on it 
 again by jack-screws and force." 
 
 Juno smiled, but did not speak. 
 
 Juno and Georgie were both very much 
 interested in this story about the locomo- 
 tives, but they were interested in different 
 ways, and it led to very different trains of 
 reflection in their minds when Georgie's 
 father went away. Georgie began to con- 
 sider how he should like to be an engineer, 
 if he were a man, and have it for his business 
 to find out what was the matter with loco- 
 motives when they would not go, and screw 
 them up with jack-screws when the wheels 
 were off the track. Juno, on the other hand, 
 
 thought of Hubert, and wondered whether 
 
 * 
 the reason why he was such a poor scholar
 
 WHAT ARE FLANGES? IO5 
 
 in arithmetic might not be simply that he 
 was off the track, and that the people who 
 had had charge of him did not know how 
 to get him on again. 
 
 " I mean to try to find out how it is," she 
 said to herself. " How glad I should be if 
 I could get him on the track myself, and 
 then see him running along merrily, as that 
 locomotive did !" 
 
 Both were silent while these thoughts 
 were passing through their minds. At 
 length Georgie interrupted the silence by 
 asking, 
 
 " What are flanges, Juno ?" 
 
 " I'm sure I don't know," said Juno. " I 
 never heard of them before."
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 The Loft. 
 
 "T TUBERT received so little encourage- 
 ment or help, that is of the right kind, 
 while he was at his aunt's, that he soon took 
 every occasion that he could to go away 
 from the house, and the place where he 
 liked best to go was his cousin Georgie's. 
 Georgie had a certain time for studying 
 every day, under Juno's charge ; and Hu- 
 bert, hating as he did, everything connected 
 with school, carefully avoided going to the 
 house at those times, for fear that he might 
 in some way be drawn in to take some share 
 in the studies. 
 (10$)
 
 TALK ABOUT TOOLS. IO/ 
 
 He had not begun to go to school yet, since 
 ho came to his aunt's. His aunt had spoken 
 to him two or three times on the subject, 
 but he seemed very unwilling to go to any 
 school, and she was, moreover, not entirely 
 decided what course it would be best for 
 her to take in respect to his education. So 
 
 
 
 she postponed the decision from day to day, 
 intending in the meantime to give him some 
 lessons every day herself when she had 
 time. 
 
 But she seldom had any time to spare, 
 and so Hubert escaped study almost alto- 
 gether. 
 
 While he was at Georgie's one day, and 
 the two boys had been talking a little while 
 about tools 
 
 " I wish I had a shop," said Georgie. 
 
 " We could make a shop," said Hubert, 
 " if we could only find a place to make it in."
 
 108 HUBERT. 
 
 " How big a place ?" asked Georgie. 
 
 " We don't need a very big place," said 
 Hubert. "We only want a window, and 
 room enough before it for a bench." 
 
 " Let's look around in the sheds and 
 barns," said Georgie, " and see if we can't 
 find a place." 
 
 So they looked about the buildings, but 
 could not find any place that seemed to be 
 suitable that was not already occupied. 
 
 " We'll go and ask Juno," said Georgie. 
 " She can find a place for us, I'm sure." 
 
 " Oh, no !" replied Hubert. " A girl would 
 not know anything about a place for a shop." 
 
 " We will ask her at any rate," said Geor- 
 gie. " Juno knows almost everything." 
 
 So the boys went across the yard to the 
 door which led into the part of the house 
 where Juno was likely to be found. Hu- 
 bert remained outside upon the piazza while
 
 ABOUT A WORKSHOP. 109 
 
 Georgie went in. Very soon he returned, 
 bringing Juno with him. 
 
 Juno went with the boys through the 
 back rooms and sheds, looking everywhere 
 for a window to spare where a bench might 
 be placed, but none was to be found. The 
 space near every window seemed to be oc- 
 cupied, and all in such a way, that it was 
 evident they could not be spared for any 
 purposes of play. 
 
 At last Juno stopped at a particular part 
 of one of the sheds, and began to look up 
 toward the roof. The roof was pretty high, 
 and sloped down each way from the center 
 to the sides. 
 
 " There's room enough up there," said 
 she, " if we could only get at it." 
 
 " We can get at it," said Georgie, eagerly. 
 " We can get a ladder." 
 
 " You would have to have a floor laid," 
 10
 
 110 HUBERT. 
 
 said Juno, " and stairs to go up, and a win- 
 dow made. With those things done, you 
 could have a nice loft there, that would 
 make you a very good shop." 
 
 " We could do all those things ourselves, 
 Hubert," said Georgie, looking quite elated, 
 " could n't we ?" 
 
 Georgie said, " ourselves," but he meant 
 principally Hubert, with such little aid, per- 
 haps, as he could render. 
 
 Hubert did not seem quite so sanguine. 
 He said that they could not make the win- 
 dow, nor the stairs, nor could the} 7 put in 
 the beams for the floor. If the beams were 
 put in they could lay the floor-boards, he 
 thought, and they could make the bench. 
 
 Juno found a place where a flight of stairs 
 could be made, and Georgie said imme- 
 diately, that he meant to ask his father that 
 very day to come and see the place, and
 
 THE WORKSHOP IN PREPARATION. Ill 
 
 have the loft made for him. " All 'except 
 the floor," said he. " We can do that if he 
 will have the beams put in." 
 
 The result of all this was, that when Geor- 
 gie's father came to see the place, and learn 
 about the plan which Juno had formed, he 
 at once approved of it. He thought that 
 even if Georgie should not use it long for a 
 shop, such a little room would be useful in 
 other ways. So he sent for a carpenter and 
 had the alterations made at once. The stairs 
 were made, rough it is true, but strong and 
 sufficient for the purpose. The joists, too, 
 were framed in, to support the floor, and a 
 nice window, with an upper and tower sash, 
 was put in at the end. 
 
 The boys watched the carpenter with 
 great interest, while he was doing this work, 
 and learned all they could. They asked him 
 some questions about laying the floor. He
 
 112 HUBERT. 
 
 told them that they had better find some 
 old boards lying about to put on the joists 
 at first, for them to stand upon while put- 
 ting down the permanent floor. He asked 
 them whether they were going to have a 
 single floor or a double floor. 
 
 " A single floor will be best, Hubert," said 
 Georgie. " We can make it quicker." 
 
 " A single floor will do, in such a place," 
 said the carpenter, "but a double floor will 
 be better for two reasons. In the first place, 
 it will be stiffer, and then in the second 
 place, with a single floor, when you sweep 
 it, the dust will go down through the cracks, 
 and fall upon whatever is below. But if 
 you have a double floor, you take care to 
 lay the boards so that the cracks in the 
 upper layer do not come over any of the 
 cracks in the lower, and so the dust cannot 
 get through."
 
 THE FLOORING. 113 
 
 It had been agreed between the boys and 
 Juno, that if they undertook to make the 
 floor for their shop, they were not only to 
 do the work, but to make all the calculations 
 themselves. Hubert was at first rather un- 
 willing to undertake any calculation, for he 
 had an idea that calculation was arithmetic, 
 and he hated arithmetic. He, however, con- 
 sented, upon Juno's promising to help him 
 so far as should be necessary. 
 
 So when the time came for them to begin 
 their work which was not until more than 
 a week after the plan had first been formed 
 Juno told them that the first thing was 
 for them to calculate how many boards they 
 would want for the flooring. " That," said 
 she, "is Mensuration of Superficies." 
 
 " Oh, dear me !" said Hubert, in a des- 
 pairing tone. " That's in the arithmetic 
 away over beyond the middle, I can't do 
 10*
 
 114 HUBERT. 
 
 that. I have not got anywhere near so far 
 as that." 
 
 " Ah !" said Juno, laughing. " I frightened 
 you with a hard word. The thing itself is 
 rather hard, I admit, but you can do it. You 
 have not got to go to any arithmetic for it. 
 It is all in your head. You have only to 
 bring it out." 
 
 " I'm sure there's nothing about that in 
 my head," said Hubert. 
 
 " We'll see," said Juno. " You know what 
 a square foot is, don't you ?" 
 
 " Oh, yes," said Hubert, " I know that." 
 
 " And they sell boards by square feet," 
 continued Juno. " So that before you buy 
 your boards for a floor, you wish to know 
 how many square feet it will take to cover 
 it." 
 
 Juno then went on to explain that if a 
 board was one foot wide, there would be as
 
 A CALCULATION. 1 15 
 
 many square feet in it as it was long, for 
 every foot in length, with a foot in width 
 would make a square foot ; and that if a 
 floor was just as long as that board and 
 twenty feet wide, it would take twenty such 
 boards to cover it ; that is to say, there 
 would be twenty times as many square feet 
 required as there were in the first board ; 
 
 and so with any other number. 
 
 t 
 " Thus you see," said Juno, " that in order 
 
 to calculate how many feet of boards you 
 need, all you have to do js to measure the 
 length and the breadth of the floor, and then 
 multiply the numbers together." 
 
 " That's easy enough," said Hubert. 
 " We'll go and do it now." 
 
 So the boys went and made the measure- 
 ments, and when they came they wrote the 
 numbers down upon a slate, and then multi- 
 plied them together. To make the calcula-
 
 Il6 HUBERT. 
 
 tion more simple, they reckoned parts of 
 feet as whole feet, by Juno's recommenda- 
 tion. They then doubled the number of 
 feet which they thus obtained, as it had 
 been decided to make a double floor ; and 
 the calculation was completed. 
 
 " Only," said Hubert, " we must buy 
 boards of the right length to cut to advan- 
 tage. If we can find any just the right 
 length to go one way, that will be the best ; 
 or twice the length, and then we can saw 
 them in two, and that will do very well. 
 We don't want any more joints than we can 
 help in our floor." 
 
 " We can have some joints, I suppose," 
 said Georgie. 
 
 " Certainly," said Hubert, " we can have 
 some joints if it is necessary. And we must 
 pick out all our poorest boards for the un- 
 der floor."
 
 THE BEST ON THE TOP. 
 
 117 
 
 " Yes," said Georgie, " so as to have the 
 best ones on the top, where they come in 
 sight."
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 Going up a Mountain. 
 
 A LTHOUGH, as we have seen, Hubert 
 was very ingenious and very well 
 informed about mechanics, he was a very 
 poor scholar in respect to all school studies. 
 The reason why he was so poor a scholar 
 was that he had become discouraged. 
 
 How he came to be discouraged was thus. 
 But first I must tell the story of the two 
 children going up a high mountain. One 
 was a small boy named Johnny, and the 
 other a small girl named Jenny. The boy 
 was accompanied by his brother, whose 
 name was Minax, and the girl by her sister, 
 
 (118)
 
 GOING UP A MOUNTAIN. 119 
 
 whose name was Lura. The two children 
 were of about the same age. They were 
 going up the mountain on different sides, 
 though by equally steep and difficult paths, 
 so that one had as good a chance as the 
 other, and they were going to see which 
 would get to the top first. In conducting 
 her little sister up, Lura's policy was to 
 draw, but that of Minax was to drive. 
 
 After Minax and his brother had gone up 
 the first steep ascent made by the path, they 
 stopped a moment to rest, and while they 
 were resting Minax said, 
 
 " We must not stop to rest here long. 
 We have not done much yet. Look up and 
 see how high the mountain is above us. 
 We have scarcely begun the hard work yet. 
 Come, we must get on." 
 
 So they went on. 
 
 In the meantime Lura and her sister had
 
 120 HUBERT. 
 
 gone up the first ascent on their side of the 
 mountain. When they sat down to rest, 
 she said to her sister, 
 
 " See ! How high we have got already. 
 We can look down upon the tops of all the 
 houses. It is quite a steep pitch that we 
 have come up. You have made an excel- 
 lent beginning, and you can stay here and 
 rest as Jong as you like." 
 
 " I'm rested now," said Jenny. " Let us 
 go on and climb up some more." 
 
 Johnny felt somewhat discouraged by his 
 brother's showing him how little they had 
 done, and how much more remained to be 
 done. Still he went on. Minax tried to 
 stimulate his exertions by saying, 
 
 " You get along pretty well considering 
 that you are such a little boy. I wish you 
 could go faster, but I suppose you cannot 
 do any better, and I ought not to expect it.
 
 IN DESPAIR. 121 
 
 But we've got a great way farther to go,^so 
 we must hurry along." 
 
 " Oh, dear me !" said Johnny with a sigh. 
 " How much farther is it to the top ? And 
 he sank down on a rock by the wayside in 
 despair." 
 
 Lura, on the other side of the mountain, 
 said to her sister, 
 
 " We need not hurry, Jenny. We are 
 getting along very well indeed. Look back 
 and see how high we are already. You can 
 climb mountains a great deal better than I 
 thought you could. But I might have 
 known that you could climb pretty well, 
 for you are getting to be quite a large girl, 
 compared" with what you were two years 
 ago." 
 
 " I like to climb," said Jenny. " How 
 high we are already." 
 
 " Look !" she said, stepping up upon 
 ii
 
 122 HUBERT. 
 
 rock by the wayside in order to see better 
 down into the valley. " Oh, how high !" 
 
 Both parties went on a little farther. The 
 boy seemed to have no heart for the work, 
 and dragged himself slowly up the path, 
 stopping every minute to rest and breathe, 
 and to look up at the steep ascent before 
 him. 
 
 " Come, hurry along," said Minax. " We 
 have not got more than three-quarters of 
 the way up yet, and think how ashamed you 
 would be if Jenny should get there before 
 you. And if you don't go faster she will." 
 
 " I don't care," -said Johnny. " And I 
 don't care if I never get there at all. And 
 he sank down upon another stone by the 
 wayside in despair." 
 
 " Now, Jenny," said Lura, " you can stop 
 and rest a little while if you please. Y"ou 
 done so well, and got up so high, we
 
 WORN OUT AND DISCOURAGED. 123 
 
 must be full three-fourths of the way up to 
 the top. So there's no hurry. Even if 
 Johnny gets there before us, it will be of no 
 consequence. He may as well have the 
 pleasure of beating as you." 
 
 " Yes," said Jenny. " Only now that yve 
 have got so high, I want to be at the top." 
 
 So she went on briskly, Lura following 
 her, until before long they both reached the 
 summit. They waited there some time, but 
 Johnny didn't come, and so they began to 
 descend by the other path, expecting to 
 meet Johnny on the way, and nearly at the 
 top. Instead of that, however, they saw 
 nothing of him for a long time, but finally 
 overtook him half way down the mountain, 
 going back, worn out and discouraged. 
 
 I advise all the older children who may 
 read this book, that whenever they under- 
 take to lead their younger brothers or sisters
 
 124 
 
 HUBERT. 
 
 up a mountain, or over any kind of difficult 
 way, whether in a road or in their studies, 
 to act on Lura's system, and try to lead and 
 . encourage them along, rather than frighten 
 and drive them.
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 Learning Long Division. 
 
 rTIHE reason why Hubert was such a poor 
 scholar, was because he had become 
 discouraged. He had never gone farther 
 in arithmetic than " Long Division," and it 
 seemed to him that long division was some- 
 thing that he could never learn. 
 
 He found multiplication very hard. He 
 did not know the multiplication table well, 
 and so he often made mistakes in multiply- 
 ing. So his teacher put him forward into 
 short division, saying, that she was going to 
 put him into a new place, and hoped that 
 he would do better there than he had done. 
 II* <5)
 
 126 HUBERT. 
 
 Not long after this a new teacher came, 
 and, when in asking the several scholars 
 where they were in their studies, she came 
 to Hubert, he told her that he was in short 
 division. 
 
 " In short division !" she repeated with 
 an air of surprise. " Why, you ought to be 
 farther than that such a great boy as you. 
 You must try to get along faster, or peopb 
 will think you are a dunce." 
 
 So she opened the book at long division, 
 and directed him to begin there. 
 
 " It is all explained in the book, how to 
 do the sums," she said. "You must read 
 the explanations, and then take the first sum 
 and do it. When it is done bring it to me, 
 and I'll tell you if it is right." 
 
 So Hubert took the book and slate to his 
 seat, and looked at the place where the 
 teacher told him the explanations were.
 
 LONG DIVISION. I2/ 
 
 Now, it is true, that the process was all 
 fully explained there, but it is a great art to 
 understand explanations of processes from 
 a printed book, and it was an art that Hu- 
 bert had never learned. He looked at the 
 explanations, and it seemed to him that he 
 never could understand them. Then he 
 looked down below to see what the first ex- 
 ample was. It was to divide 34,108 by 23. 
 He wrote the dividend on the slate and also 
 the divisor at the left hand of it, with a 
 curved line between, as he had been accus- 
 tomed to do in short division, and then stop- 
 ped. He had no idea what to do next. He 
 looked back to the explanations, but did not 
 see anything there which seemed to tell him 
 what to do. So he sat still and did nothing. 
 By and by the teacher called him to her 
 desk to show her his work, but found that 
 he had not done anything. She asked him
 
 128 HUBERT. 
 
 why he had not done the sum. He said 
 that he did not know how to do it. 
 
 " Why, it's very easy," said she. " The 
 first thing is to see how many times 23 will 
 go in 34. It will go once. So write down 
 the i." 
 
 Hubert wrote the figure i on his slate 
 down below the sum. 
 
 " No, not there," said the teacher, " I 
 should think you would know better than 
 that." 
 
 Hubert had written it under the sum, be- 
 cause the teacher had directed him to write 
 it down, and he thought that that was down. 
 
 " You must write it in the quotient," she 
 said, speaking a little impatiently. 
 
 Hubert did not know where the quotient 
 was, and so he stood looking at a vacant 
 spot in the air, half-way between his eyes 
 and the slate utterly bewildered.
 
 VERY EASY TO DO. 129 
 
 " Here !" said the teacher, " give me the 
 pencil." 
 
 So she took the pencil out of Hubert's 
 hand, and making a little curved line on the 
 right hand of the dividend, with its concave 
 face toward the right, she wrote the I be- 
 yond it. 
 
 " There," said she, " now take your seat 
 and multiply. After you have multiplied, 
 you know you subtract, and then you bring 
 down the next figure, and then divide again, 
 and so on. It is very easy to do, if you will 
 only exercise your wits a little." 
 
 So Hubert went back to his seat, but he 
 had no idea at all what he was to do. The 
 teacher had told him that he was to multi- 
 ply something or other, and also that he 
 was to exercise his wits. So he sat for a 
 while in his seat, sometimes looking vacantly 
 at his slate, then at the explanations in the
 
 130 HUBERT. 
 
 book, and then for awhile his attention was 
 turned to watching a fly that was walking 
 along over his slate, trying to find some- 
 thing to eat there. Hubert wondered wheth- 
 er the fly could eat slate-pencil marks, and 
 waited to see whether, when he reached 
 the figure I which the teacher had made in 
 the quotient, as she had called it, he would 
 eat it. The idea of a fly eating a quotient 
 for dinner, brought a smile to his face. He 
 suppressed the smile as soon as he could, 
 but not before the teacher saw him, and she 
 at once put down a black mark against his 
 name, for playing in study hours. 
 
 When the arithmetic hour had expired, 
 the teacher gave all the scholars something 
 else to do, but at the close of the school she 
 made a second black mark against Hubert's 
 name, for failure in arithmetic. 
 
 Hubert went on in pretty much such a
 
 ABOUT HUBERT'S STUDIES. 131 
 
 way as this, in trying to learn division, until 
 at length his mother died, and soon after- 
 ward he came to live with his aunt. 
 
 His aunt, after he had been at her house 
 some days, began to consider what it would 
 be best to do in respect to his studies. One 
 thing she thought which might be done 
 was, to find some good school to send him 
 to. Another plan was to find a suitable per- 
 son to come and teach him at home. Mrs. 
 Wood could not decide at once what would 
 be the best plan, and so she said to herself 
 that she would think about it, and in the 
 meanwhile she would endeavor to find time 
 to attend to his lessons a little herself. 
 
 She accordingly took occasion one day to 
 question Hubert a little about his studies. 
 Among other things, she asked him how 
 far he had gone in arithmetic. 
 
 " As far as long division."
 
 132 HUBERT. 
 
 " Have n't you got farther than that ?" she 
 asked. 
 
 Hubert shook his head. 
 
 His aunt looked surprised. " I suppose 
 at.any rate you have got through long divis- 
 ion," said she, " so that you can do all the 
 sums in that rule ?" 
 
 Hubert looked a little surprised, and said, 
 " That he had only begun it." 
 
 His aunt paused a moment, with a some- 
 what dissatisfied and disappointed expres- 
 sion of countenance, and then said, 
 
 " That is rather discouraging, Hubert, I 
 must say. I had heard that you were very 
 backward in your studies, but I had hoped 
 that you were farther advanced than that. 
 But still we must make the best of it. I sup- 
 pose. I will help you all I can. Long di- 
 vision is very easy, and if you are smart, 
 you can learn it very soon."
 
 GREATER EFFORTS NEEDED. 133 
 
 " I thought it was very hard," said Hu- 
 bert. 
 
 " Oh, no," said Mrs. Wood, " I have known 
 boys a great deal younger than you, that 
 could do all the sums in that rule very well. 
 You mustn't call long division hard. If 
 you do, I do not know what you'll say to 
 what you'll come to by and by. However, 
 we will see. I must do something before 
 long about your studies, to help you make 
 up for lost time. You see you won't like, 
 when you go to school again, to have every- 
 body laugh at you, for being so backward, 
 and thinking that you are a dunce." 
 
 Mrs. Wood talked in this way to Hubert, 
 thinking that by making him ashamed of his 
 ignorance, she should stimulate him to make 
 greater efforts to acquire knowledge. But 
 the effect of what she said was unfortunately 
 only to discourage him. He felt as if there 
 12
 
 134 HUBERT. 
 
 was an immense wall of difficulty before him 
 on the road of arithmetic, one which he 
 did not see how it was possible for him to 
 surmount. He hated arithmetic more than 
 ever.
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 Junds School. 
 
 ~T~UNO, as has already been said, had 
 charge of Georgie's studies. The idea 
 of Georgie's mother was, that all that it was 
 wise to attempt to teach boys, until they 
 were about ten years of age, was reading, 
 writing, language, and readiness, skill and 
 correctness in common computations. Juno 
 was abundantly qualified to teach all these. 
 Reading she taught him by hearing him 
 read to her from some entertaining book, 
 such as was adapted to interest and amuse 
 him ; writing, by having him write every 
 day in a kind of journal which he kept, and 
 
 035)
 
 136 HUBERT. 
 
 in which he wrote a great variety of things ; 
 language, by reading to him herself for half 
 an hour every day, in some book a little in 
 advance of him, in respect to the subject 
 and language, but which was calculated to 
 interest him as she explained it ; and, finally, 
 computation, by having him spend half an 
 hour each day in solving questions in mental 
 arithmetic, and in adding columns of figures. 
 
 Thus her school was very simple in its 
 principles, and in the branches which were 
 of fundamental importance. 
 
 Now, when Juno became acquainted with 
 Hubert, she began soon to feel a strong de- 
 sire to have him come into her school, as a 
 fellow pupil for his cousin George. She 
 did not know, however, whether Georgie's 
 mother would like such a plan. After some 
 hesitation she at length concluded to ask her. 
 
 So she took an opportunity one day to
 
 JUNO'S NEW SCHOLAR. 137 
 
 explain the case to her, and to ask her 
 whether there would be any objection to 
 her taking him in to study with Georgie 
 sometimes. 
 
 " I'm told he is a very dull scholar," said 
 Georgie's mother, "and so I should not 
 think you would like to have the trouble of 
 him." 
 
 " That is the very reason why I wish to 
 have him come," said Juno. " He says he 
 hates arithmetic, and I would like to try an 
 experiment with him, to see if I cannot 
 make him like it." 
 
 The lady smiled, and said she had no 
 objection to Juno's trying the experiment, 
 and added, 
 
 " I think you will succeed if any body 
 can. But do not make any permanent ar- 
 rangement. Invite him only for a few days, 
 so that we may discontinue the plan at any 
 12*
 
 138 HUBERT. 
 
 time without occasioning any disappoint- 
 ment." 
 
 Juno promised to do so, and then went 
 away. 
 
 A few days after this Juno asked Hubert 
 how he would like to come the next morning 
 and be an honorary member of her school. 
 Hubert said he did not know what an honor- 
 ary member was. 
 
 " It is one who comes when he likes and 
 goes when he likes," said Juno, " and has 
 nothing to do except what he chooses." 
 
 " I should like that very well," said Hu- 
 bert. 
 
 " An honorary member does pretty much 
 what he likes," said Juno, " only he must 
 not do anything to disturb the others. If 
 you come you can go away when you please ; 
 but as long as you stay, you mustn't do any- 
 thing to interrupt Georgie at his work."
 
 GEORGIE'S JOURNAL. 139 
 
 " No," said Hubert, " I won't interrupt 
 him." 
 
 " The best time to come," said Juno, " will 
 be at ten, and then you can see him at work 
 on his journal." 
 
 Now, Juno called Georgie's book his jour- 
 nal, because he wrote in it every day ; but 
 it was not by any means exclusively an ac- 
 count of his own daily doings. It contained 
 a great variety of different articles, anec- 
 dotes, poems, riddles, conundrums, and any- 
 thing else that he found which he thought 
 would make his journal entertaining. He 
 also often put in pictures when he found any 
 that he thought would serve as an embel- 
 lishment to the pages ; only whenever a pic- 
 ture was put in, Georgie was accustomed 
 to write some account of it or description 
 of it, to go in too. These accounts or de- 
 scriptions he wrote first on another piece of
 
 140 HUBERT. 
 
 paper, and then, when Juno had corrected 
 them, he copied them under the picture in 
 his book. 
 
 In a word, Georgie could put anything 
 he pleased into his journal, only he was re- 
 quired to write every word in it in a very 
 plain, round hand, as well as he could, form- 
 ing every letter carefully, so that his book 
 could afterward be read as easily by any 
 other person as if it had been printed. 
 
 In accordance with the invitation which 
 Juno had given him, Hubert came the next 
 day as an honorary member of the school. 
 He arrived just as Georgie was commencing 
 his work upon his journal for that day, and 
 he stood by his desk while he was at work, 
 watching his operations with great interest. 
 Georgie had a box upon his desk where he 
 kept the scraps which he had cut out from 
 newspapers, and the pictures which he had
 
 HUBERT WANTS A JOURNAL. 141 
 
 selected. These were the materials from 
 which he was accustomed to choose each 
 day what he should put in. After watching 
 Georgie at his work for some time, Hubert 
 amused himself for the next half hour in 
 reading these papers and in looking at the 
 pictures. He became so much interested 
 in the idea of keeping such a journal, that 
 he almost wished that he had one himself. 
 
 Things went on in this way for several 
 days. Hubert came during the journal 
 hour and looked over Georgie at his work, 
 amusing himself by sometimes seeing Geor- 
 gie write, and sometimes by reading the col- 
 lection of stories, riddles, and other things 
 which were contained in the box. 
 
 At length, one day he told Juno that he 
 would like keep a journal, and asked her 
 whether she could give him a book and let 
 him begin.
 
 142 HUBERT. 
 
 Juno shook her head gently, and then 
 
 
 
 said, 
 
 " Ah ! you're only an honorary member 
 of my school ?" 
 
 " What kind of a member is it," asked 
 Hubert, " that is not an honorary member ?" 
 
 " An active member," said Juno. 
 
 " And could not I be an active member ?" 
 asked Hubert. 
 
 " You would not like it I'm afraid," said 
 Juno. " For then you would have to come 
 under the rules." 
 
 " What rules ?" asked Hubert. 
 
 " I should say the rule," said Juno, " for 
 there is but one rule." 
 
 " What is that ?" asked Hubert. 
 
 " To do just what I say without any ob- 
 jections. Whatever I should give you to 
 do, you would have to do without showing 
 any unwillingness at all."
 
 LONG DIVISION AGAIN. 143 
 
 "And what should you give me to do 
 first?" asked Hubert. 
 
 " Well, I should very likely give you the 
 hardest thing I could think of," said Juno ; 
 " that is, provided I thought you could do 
 it. I think I should begin, perhaps, with 
 long division." 
 
 " Oh, horrid !" said Hubert. 
 
 Juno smiled, but made no reply. 
 
 " I can't understand long division," said 
 Hubert. " I have tried a great many times 
 and it's no use." 
 
 " I don't wonder you say so," replied Juno. 
 " There's nothing harder in all the arith- 
 metic than long division." 
 
 " Long division is hard enough," said Hu- 
 bert, " but I thought there were a great 
 many things that were harder on beyond." 
 
 " No," said Juno, " 1 don't think there is 
 anything harder ; that is, anything I mean
 
 144 HUBERT. 
 
 that is harder for the boy when he comes to 
 it, than long division is when he comes to 
 f that." 
 
 I have no doubt that Juno was right in 
 this. Indeed, I should not be at all sur- 
 prised if any great astronomer were to say 
 that there was nothing in the whole course 
 of his mathematical studies in algebra, in 
 analytical geometry, or in the integral and 
 differential calculus, that was more difficult 
 for him, when he arrived at it, than long 
 division was for him when he came to that, 
 in his studies at school when he was a boy. 
 
 " I tell you plainly," said Juno, " that it is 
 very hard. It is a great thing for a boy to 
 learn it. But I believe you can learn it ; 
 and if you become an active member of my 
 school, that would be the first thing you 
 would have to begin upon. And if you 
 think from what you know of me, that I
 
 HUBERT AT SCHOOL. 145 
 
 should require anything of you that would 
 distress or trouble you, or give you pain, 
 then you had better not be an active mem- 
 ber of my school, but be contented to be an 
 honorary member." 
 
 " She won't, Hubert, you may depend," 
 said Georgie. 
 
 " No," said Hubert, " I'm sure she won't, 
 and I'll come." 
 
 So he came the next day, bringing his 
 slate and pencil, and also his arithmetic with 
 him. Juno said he would not need the book 
 at present. 
 
 When the time for arithmetic arrived, 
 Juno said to Hubert that she should wish 
 to have Georgie help her about it. 
 
 " I suppose," she added, addressing Hu- 
 bert, " that you will have no objection to 
 having Georgie help me." 
 
 " Oh, no, indeed !" said Hubert. 
 13
 
 146 HUBERT. 
 
 " You see," added Juno, " you have helped 
 him so much about his shop and tools and 
 fishing-lines, that he ought to be willing to 
 help you about the arithmetic." 
 
 " I shall like to have him help me very 
 much," said Hubert, " and I'll pay him in 
 helping him about his shop."
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 About Tools. 
 
 HTN the meantime the boys in their play 
 hours were getting along very well with 
 their shop. They had laid a double floor, 
 putting the poorest boards below, and then 
 covering the cracks by a second layer of 
 better boards. These boards were rough, 
 inasmuch as planed boards were not neces- 
 sary for such a floor. 
 
 " Rough boards will do just as well," said 
 Hubert, "for a shop floor." 
 
 " But planed boards would be better," 
 said Georgie. 
 
 " Yes," said Hubert, " perhaps so, but it 
 
 (H7)
 
 148 HUBERT. 
 
 will cost something to get them planed at 
 the mill, and we had better save our money 
 to buy tools. Besides it is too hard work. 
 Planing looks very easy, but it is just about 
 the hardest work for boys that they can 
 have. A boy can saw and drive nails and 
 bore holes, but it takes a man to plane." 
 
 So they had decided to make the floor of 
 unplaned boards. This was, in fact, in bet- 
 ter keeping with the walls and roof of their 
 shop, which were not furnished at all. The 
 boys, however, liked the place all the better 
 for this, as it made it look more like a real 
 carpenter's shop. A room nicely finished, 
 and papered and painted, would not have 
 been appropriate at all. 
 
 It is an excellent thing for boys to have 
 some place for a shop, provided their fathers 
 don't give them money to buy tools too fast. 
 The main difficulty which boys have to sur-
 
 SKILL IN USING TOOLS. 149 
 
 mount in doing carpenter work is, not to 
 obtain tools, but to acquire the skill to use 
 them. Many a boy imagines that it would 
 be a very fine thing to be able to make 
 boxes and wagons and mills and other such 
 things ; and that all he wants to enable him 
 to do it, is a bench and a good supply of 
 tools. So his father buys him a tool-chest 
 full of tools, and employs a carpenter to 
 make him a bench. When these things are 
 ready the boy is greatly delighted, and goes 
 to work ; and he almost always begins with 
 some very difficult and complicated under- 
 taking. With all those tools he thinks he 
 shall be able to make anything he pleases, 
 and is above attempting anything simple. 
 He forgets that it is not the tools which do 
 the work, but the man, and that the means by 
 which he does it are the knowledge, experience 
 and skill with which he uses the tools. 
 13*
 
 ISO HUBERT. 
 
 So he begins very zealously to make, per- 
 haps, a martin-house, in the form of a church, 
 with a porch supported by columns in front, 
 and a cupola, surmounted by a spire above. 
 And with all his other follies, he often sets 
 his heart on finishing it that same day. But 
 he soon finds that it is one thing to have 
 tools, and quite another to be able to work 
 them successfully. His saw plagues him by 
 running off to one side of the line, or by 
 rubbing hard, and finally getting caught in 
 the cleft. In attempting to shape a board 
 for the side of his martin-house, he measures 
 the width and then lays down a straight 
 edge to mark the line by, with a carpenter's 
 pencil ; but as he holds down the straight 
 edge only at one end, the pressure of the 
 pencil against it, as he moves it along, pushes 
 the other end out of place, and his pencil 
 mark runs all away. Finally, after several
 
 DIFFICULTIES. 151 
 
 attempts, he gets a line straight, though the 
 right marking is so confused by the many 
 wrong ones, that he can hardly see which 
 he is to go by. When he attempts to hew 
 down to this line, the grain of the wood 
 causes the cleavage made by the hatchet to 
 run in, beyond the line, and makes his board 
 too narrow. When he attempts to plane, 
 he sets the plane-iron very rank, so as to 
 take off a good thick shaving and enable 
 him to get along faster with his work, as he 
 is in a great hurry to get it done. But he 
 cannot force the plane along to the end of 
 the board. It gets stopped on the way, by 
 the thickness of the cut ; or, if he succeeds 
 in forcing it through a few times, he soon 
 gets the throat choked up with shavings. 
 He then attempted to clear the obstruction 
 by driving in a nail at the narrow opening 
 in front of the plane-iron, and so notches the
 
 I$2 HUBERT. 
 
 edge, and spoils it for future use, until it is 
 ground again. Last of all, when he under- 
 takes to nail the parts of his work together, ' 
 he is in too much of a hurry to bore holes, 
 and, moreover, inserts the points of his nails 
 the wrong way, that is, with the long part 
 of the point in a line with the fibres, instead 
 ot across them, and so wedges the fibres 
 apart, and splits the wood in driving them. 
 
 In a word, he soon gets disgusted with 
 his tools and his shop, and lets it go to ruin. 
 If you go to visit it three months after the 
 bench was made and the chest of tools put 
 upon it, you will find everything in confu- 
 sion, edges of tools all notched and dull, 
 handles off, nails, screws, broken gimlets 
 and brad-awls scattered about the bench 
 and floor. The whole of this confusion 
 would be half covered up with shavings, 
 were it not that very likely that the boy
 
 THEY MUST HAVE TOOLS. 153 
 
 never got so far, as to be able to make any 
 shavings. 
 
 And all this because neither the boy nor 
 his father understood that it is of no use to 
 buy tools any faster than you learn how to 
 use them. 
 
 Isaiah had taught Hubert this lesson pretty 
 thoroughly, and so he was in no hurry to 
 have Georgie ask his father for money to 
 buy tools. 
 
 "We'll have a bench," said he, "for' we 
 can make that ourselves, and then we can 
 get the tools afterwards as we come to need 
 them." 
 
 " But we must have tools," said Georgie, 
 " to make the bench." 
 
 " Not many," said Hubert. " We o'nly 
 need a saw and a hammer and nails. We 
 can get the boards already planed at the 
 mill. So if uncle will only let us buy a saw
 
 154 HUBERT. 
 
 and some nails, we shall be all right. Then 
 we will get more tools from time to time as 
 we need them and know how to use them." 
 
 "/ think that it would be better to get all 
 the tools at once," said Georgie, " and then 
 they will be ready." 
 
 " No," said Hubert, " they would only get 
 dulled and broken and spoiled. We had 
 better not get them any faster than we are 
 ready for them." 
 
 " Is that the best way ?" asked Georgie. 
 
 " Yes," said Hubert, " decidedly the best 
 way. Isaiah told me all about it. He told 
 me a story about it." 
 
 " Let's hear the story," said Georgie. 
 
 " Once there was a boy named Joey," said 
 Hubert, commencing the story. " He asked 
 his father to buy him a chest of tools. He 
 could buy one, he said, for ten dollars. But 
 his father said no, he would not buy him a
 
 THE STORY. 155 
 
 chest of tools, but he would buy him one 
 tool, or thing to work with at a time, and as 
 many as he would learn to use. Joey said 
 well, and was much pleased, and he asked 
 his father when he would begin ; and his 
 father said he would begin the very next 
 day. 
 
 " So the next day Joey's father took him 
 out into the shed, where there was a solid 
 platform, and on it a log, and a stone about 
 as big as a man's fist. By the side of it was 
 a little board, and on the board there were 
 a number of nails. There were also a num- 
 ber of short and slender sticks, which had 
 been split off from a short piece of board, 
 lying by the side of the log. 
 
 His father told him the first thing he was 
 to learn was to drive nails through narrow 
 strips of wood, without splitting the wood. 
 He told him it all depended on his put-
 
 156 HUBERT. 
 
 ling in the nails right, so that the broad 
 part of the end should go across the fibres, 
 and that boys almost always put them in 
 wrong.
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 Juno Learning Something. 
 
 TUST here the boys heard steps at the 
 
 bottom of the stairs, and they soon 
 
 found that it was Juno coming. So Hubert 
 
 stopped in his story ; but Juno asked him 
 
 to go on, as she should like to hear it herself. 
 
 So he began where he left off, about the 
 
 right mode of inserting the points of nails. 
 
 This was all new to Juno, and she asked 
 
 Hubert to show her a nail and explain the 
 
 case to her. This Hubert did. He showed 
 
 her that the nail a common cut nail was 
 
 somewhat wedge-shaped in one direction ; 
 
 that is, the sides spread a little from the 
 
 14 (157)
 
 158 HUBERT. 
 
 point to the head, while the other two sides 
 were parallel to each other : and that to pre- 
 vent the nail from splitting the wood when 
 it was driven into a narrow piece, the point 
 must be inserted with the broad part cross- 
 wise of the fibres, otherwise the nail would 
 act as a wedge, and split the wood. 
 
 Juno had never noticed this before, and 
 said it was very curious ; and she examined 
 the nail attentively for some time. 
 
 Then, at her request, Hubert went on with 
 his story. 
 
 " Joey said he must have a hammer to drive 
 his nails with, but his father said no, he must 
 drive them with a stone. He said that Joey 
 had not come to the hammer yet. He was 
 at work on nails, and he could learn the 
 right way of driving them with a stone as 
 well as with a hammer, and that when he 
 had learned to drive thera right, and could
 
 JOEY DRIVING NAILS. 159 
 
 bring half a dozen of the strips with four or 
 five nails driven through each, without any 
 of them being split, that would be his first 
 lesson, and that then he would be entitled 
 to a hammer." 
 
 "And did he get his hammer pretty soon ?" 
 asked Georgie. 
 
 " Yes," said Hubert ; ' the next day." 
 
 " He forgot several times in driving his 
 nails, and put them in wrong, and when he 
 did the wood always split ; but after a while 
 he learned to do it right, and after that, in 
 all the nailings that he had to do, he never 
 spoiled his work by splitting the wood, and 
 all because he learned how to manage nails 
 before he began upon anything else." 
 
 " Then he got his hammer," said Georgie, 
 " and what came next ? He did not have 
 to stop long with his hammer. Anybody 
 knows how to use a hammer."
 
 160 HUBERT. 
 
 " No, indeed," said Hubert. " It is a great 
 art to use a hammer well. Always to hit 
 the nail on the head, and to go on driving 
 until the head is just flush with the wood 
 without indenting the wood at all, is a hard 
 thing, and requires a good deal of practice 
 and care." 
 
 Hubert was certainly right in this, for 
 generally when a boy is driving a nail, you 
 can see the proof of his w T ant of skill in the 
 wood being indented all around it b,y marks 
 of the head of the hammer, made by its 
 missing the nail, and coming down with all 
 its force upon the surface of the wood at the 
 side of it instead. 
 
 " Joey's father," continued Hubert, "kept 
 him practicing with the hammer during the 
 time that he wished to work, for a week, 
 before he could be sure to hit the nail that 
 he was driving fair and square every time."
 
 STILL DRIVING NAILS. l6l 
 
 " He must have wasted a great many nails 
 in learning to drive them," said Georgie. 
 
 "No," replied Hubert, "not one. All 
 those that he drove through the small sticks 
 of wood, he knocked out again and saved. 
 And when he was ready to practice with 
 his hammer, his father bored a hole with an 
 auger into a log, and Joey would put a bit 
 of board that he was going to drive the nail 
 into directly over it. So the end of the nail 
 would go down into this hole until the head 
 was driven home, and then he could very 
 easily knock it out again. 
 
 " That was a good way," said Georgie. 
 
 "Yes," replied Hubert, "it was a very 
 good way. Joey spoiled some of the nails 
 by hitting them wrong and bending them ; 
 but generally he drove the same nail a great 
 many times,. until he found that he could hit 
 at every blow." 
 14*
 
 1 62 HUBERT. 
 
 " I should think he would get tired of 
 driving the same nail over and over again 
 all the time," said Georgie. 
 
 " He would have got tired, no doubt," 
 said Juno, " if it were not that he knew he 
 was improving in what would be useful to 
 him in making things afterward." 
 
 " Yes," said Hubert, " and then, besides, 
 there was another boy with him, and they 
 used to play together doing it. One boy 
 would take the hammer and try till he 
 missed, and then the other boy would take 
 take it, and so they made it a kind of a 
 game. At last, after two or three days, 
 Joey asked his father to come out and see 
 how he could drive nails, and he drove in 
 two or three without missing one blow. 
 
 " Then his father said that his next tool 
 would be a saw, and that now he had got 
 so far in learning carpentry that he could
 
 JOEY MAKES A NAIL-BOX. 163 
 
 begin to make something. The first thing 
 to be made was, he said, a nail-box to keep 
 his nails in, when he had a shop. So his 
 father bought Joey a saw, and marked some 
 lines on a board for him to practice sawing 
 upon until he could keep exactly upon the 
 line. He gave him an old stool for a saw- 
 horse, to lay his board upon while he was 
 sawing it. When his father found that he 
 could saw pretty straight, he took some thin 
 boards, not more than half an inch thick, 
 and marked out of them five pieces, one for 
 the bottom and four for the sides, of the 
 right size, to make a little nail-box about 
 eight inches square at the bottom and two 
 inches high. Joey sawed these pieces out 
 quite true, for he had learned to make his 
 saw follow a line pretty well. When he had 
 sawed these pieces out he nailed them to- 
 gether. He did not split any of the boards
 
 164 HUBERT. 
 
 in nailing them, for he had learned how to 
 put the nails in right ; and did not indent 
 the wood any by the head of the hammer, 
 for he had learned to drive them right. 
 
 " And so Joey went on," continued Hu- 
 bert. " His father would only buy him one 
 tool at a time, and not get another till he 
 had learned to use that." 
 
 " And of course every new tool was a 
 great pleasure to him," said Juno ; " much 
 greater than if he had had them all at once." 
 
 " Certainly," said Hubert ; " and we had 
 better go along the same way, Georgie. 
 We have got a hammer, and all we want 
 for our bench is some planed boards and 
 some nails and a saw." 
 
 / 
 
 When Georgie informed his father that 
 they were ready to build their bench, and 
 said that they would need a saw, some
 
 HUBERT'S CALCULATION. 165 
 
 planed boards and some nails, he at once 
 gave Georgie permission to procure them. 
 He said they must calculate how many feet 
 of boards they would require, and how many 
 nails, and then go with the small hand-cart 
 to the mill for the boards, and also to the 
 hardware store for the saw and the nails; 
 and he gave them the money to pay for all 
 these things. 
 
 Hubert made the calculation very easily 
 of the quantity of lumber which would be 
 required for the bench so many feet of 
 joist for the four legs, and so many feet of 
 boards for the top and sides of the bench. 
 The bench was to be two feet wide, two feet 
 eight inches high, and six feet long. Hubert 
 made his calculation to have boards to cover 
 the top, and to come down about a foot on 
 the sides and at the ends. 
 
 When Juno saw how well he made this
 
 l66 HUBERT. 
 
 computation, she said to herself that she 
 thought there could not be any difficulty 
 with the calculating machinery in Hubert's 
 brain, but she was convinced that the only 
 trouble with him, in respect to his arith- 
 metic, was that he was " off the track." 
 
 All this that has been related in this chap- 
 ter, took place before the day when Hubert 
 came to be an active member of her school ; 
 and Juno, after she had heard Hubert's 
 story and returned to the house, resumed 
 her sewing, and as she sewed her thoughts 
 reverted to what she had heard. The first 
 thought was the one already referred to ; 
 namely, the conviction on her part that 
 there was no natural incapacity for compu- 
 tation in Hubert, to account for his dislike 
 to arithmetic, but only that he was, as she 
 expressed it, " off the track ;" and that the 
 main thing which she had to do was to put
 
 ABOUT LONG DIVISION. 1 67 
 
 him on again. Then she began to think of 
 Hubert's story of Joey. 
 
 " Joey's father was a very sensible man," 
 she said to herself, " in teaching him one 
 thing at a time. Indeed, he sometimes only 
 taught him part of one thing at a time. 
 Who would have thought of dividing such 
 a simple thing as driving a nail into two 
 parts, and teaching them separately ? And 
 yet that's what he did. Setting the nail 
 properly was one part, and hitting it right 
 with the hammer another. 
 
 " I must manage in the same way in teach- 
 ing Hubert long division. I'll see how many 
 parts I can divide it into, and teach him one 
 at a time. That is the way they make it so 
 hard for the children in schools sometimes, 
 poor things ! They try to make them eat 
 too fast, and give them too large mouthfuls, 
 and so choke them, as I did my little bird."
 
 168 HUBERT. 
 
 Then Juno began to think of a young bird 
 which she had when she was a child. 
 
 " Poor little thing !" she said, " I remem- 
 ber just how he looked when my brother 
 brought him home to me. He said he found 
 him on the ground. Some boys had shot 
 the mother-bird off the nest, and knocked 
 the nest down to the ground ; and all the 
 little birds were killed except this one. 
 How wide he opened his mouth, poor 
 thing ! I thought he opened it so wide 
 because he was very hungry, and wanted 
 me to give him good big crumbs of bread, 
 and so I did, and choked him to death." 
 
 " I don't wonder that the children in 
 school get choked sometimes, they give 
 them such big things to swallow at a time. 
 Long division is a great deal too big a thing 
 to be taken all at once. I'll divide, and let 
 Hubert take part of it at a time.
 
 JUNO MUSING. 169 
 
 " And they don't have the same excuse 
 for giving the children too big mouthfuls," 
 she continued, musing, after a moment's 
 pause, " that I had with my bird, for the 
 children don't open their mouths wide for 
 them at all."
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 Long Division Divided. 
 
 ~T"TTHEN the time arrived for Hubert to 
 begin his studies, he took his slate 
 and sat down at a table which Juno had pre- 
 pared, where there was room enough for 
 Georgie to sit by his side, Juno then said, 
 " There are four things to be done, one 
 after the other in long division. First you 
 have to divide in a certain way ; then you 
 have to multiply ; then you have to subtract ; 
 and then you have to bring down a figure. 
 The last is the easiest, and that is what you 
 will begin with, Hubert. That is all you 
 will have to learn to-day. You see you are 
 (170)
 
 COMMENCING OPERATIONS. I /I 
 
 going to learn one thing at a time. You 
 will do the bringing down, and Georgie 
 will do all the rest. But in order that you 
 may see that Georgie does his part regu- 
 larly, I wish you to write these words on 
 the corner of your slate, one under the other 
 in a column." 
 
 So Juno dictated the words as Hubert 
 wrote them, as follows : 
 Divide, 
 Multiply, 
 Subtract, 
 Bring Down. 
 
 Then Juno gave out a question. It was 
 to divide a long row of figures by 13. The 
 row of figures extended half across the slate, 
 from the left side to the middle. 
 
 She then directed them to begin. Geor- 
 gie was to commence the operation, taking 
 one step at a time, and saying what he was
 
 1/2 HUBERT. 
 
 doing as he went along, until he came to 
 bringing down the next figure, in the dividend, 
 when he was to pass the pencil into Hu- 
 bert's hands, and let him do that part. 
 
 So Georgie began. 
 
 " The first thing you see," said Georgie 
 to Hubert, speaking in an undertone, " is to 
 divide. The way I do that is to see how 
 many times 13 will go in the first two fig- 
 ures which are 27. I think it will go twice, 
 and so I put the 2 down in the quotient." 
 
 "Now," said Georgie, "the next thing is 
 to multiply." 
 
 As he said this he pointed to the word 
 multiply, in the list of things to be done 
 which Hubert had written on the slate. 
 Then he multiplied the 13 by the figure in 
 the quotient, namely 2, and set the result 
 down under the two figures which had been 
 divided.
 
 BRINGING-DOWN. 173 
 
 " Now," said Georgie, " the list says that 
 the next thing to be done is to subtract, and 
 this is the way we do it. He then drew a 
 line, made the proper subtraction, and set 
 down the remainder underneath." 
 
 "Now," said Georgie, "it comes your 
 turn. See, the next thing in the list is to 
 bring down" 
 
 So he gave the pencil into Hubert's hand, 
 and showed what the figure was which was 
 to be brought down, and where he was to 
 put it. 
 
 Georgie went on with the work in this 
 way, being careful in every step that he 
 took, to show Hubert the word on the list 
 which denoted it, and stopping to let Hu- 
 bert bring down the figure, at every return 
 of the word directing it. Hubert was at 
 first, when his turn came, a little at a loss to 
 know exactly what figure it was that he was 
 15*
 
 HUBERT. 
 
 to bring down, and where he was to put it ; 
 but he soon came to understand it so, that 
 he did it promptly and correctly the mo- 
 ment the pencil was put into his hand, and 
 he was quite pleased to find that he could 
 do it so readily and so certainly. They 
 went on in that way until the operation was 
 completed. Toward the last part of the 
 time, Hubert began to find his part of the 
 work somewhat too easy, and he had a great 
 mind to ask to be allowed to do the subtrac- 
 tion, too. But he concluded on the whole 
 to proceed just as Juno had directed, and 
 so he went on to the end, taking no part in 
 the work, except to bring down the new 
 figure, when a new one was required. 
 
 When the work was done the boys took 
 the slate to Juno. She looked over it care- 
 fully, but said nothing till she reached the 
 end. Then she nodded her head with a
 
 WORKING STEADILY. 1/5 
 
 look of satisfaction, and said, " All right." 
 She did not say a word in praise of Hubert 
 for having been attentive and diligent, and 
 for having succeeded in his work well ; but 
 seemed to take it for'granted that of course 
 he would succeed and would do it well. 
 
 Now Juno in this lesson had accomplished 
 a great thing for Hubert in respect to his 
 intellectual training. Some persons might 
 perhaps say, " Oh, no ; it was a very little 
 thing. A very little thing indeed. He had 
 learned nothing of long division, but just 
 how to bring down the figure after each 
 subtraction, which is almost nothing at all." 
 
 But it was not the change in respect to 
 his arithmetical knowledge, that was the 
 important thing in this case. It was that 
 she had induced him to work steadily for 
 half an hour, without impatience, vexation, 
 or fretfulness in doing something with fig-
 
 1/6 HUBERT. 
 
 ures ; and had thus prepared the way for 
 his going on to something that was really 
 important in respect to the figures them- 
 selves. In a word she had got the wheels 
 up from among the sticks of wood and mud, 
 and on the track. She was very much 
 pleased with the half hour's work. " He'll 
 go along now," said she, " I feel pretty sure 
 that is, if I don't push him along too fast 
 at first, and get him off the track again." 
 
 The next day, when the arithmetic hour 
 came, she gave the boys the same example 
 that she had given them the day before, 
 only this day Hubert was to take for his 
 part the " Subtraction," as well as the 
 " Bringing Down." 
 
 Hubert liked his lesson the second day 
 even better than he did the first. He be- 
 gan to feel that he was now really entering 
 upon solid work. After he had performed
 
 THE MULTIPLYING. 1 77 
 
 the subtraction several times, he told Geor- 
 gie that he believed he could do the multi- 
 plying, too, and he asked Georgie to let him 
 try. He had watched Georgie, of course, 
 as he performed his portion of the work con- 
 nected with each figure of the quotient, so 
 that he began to have some connected idea 
 of the whole process, and certainly thought 
 that he could take that additional step 
 namely, the multiplying. Georgie said he 
 might try. Accordingly, after the next fig- 
 ure was set in the quotient, he performed 
 the multiplication of the divisor by it him- 
 self, and brought it right. 
 
 As soon as he had finished this step, and 
 had set down his figure, Juno said, 
 
 " Hubert, what do they call it when a 
 saw runs off the line when you are saw- 
 ing ?" 
 
 Juno remembered having heard Hubert
 
 178 HUBERT. 
 
 talking about this difficulty at one time, in 
 conversation with Georgie. 
 
 " They say it runs" replied Hubert. " It 
 is because the teeth are set wider on one 
 side than the other. At least that's what 
 Isaiah said, but I never could see any differ- 
 ence." 
 
 " You don't like such saws very well, I 
 suppose," said Juno. 
 
 " No," replied Hubert. " I want a saw to 
 keep true to the line I make for it." 
 
 " Then you won't think it unreasonable, I 
 suppose," said Juno, " if I should like to have 
 my scholars keep true to the line I mark 
 out for them." 
 
 " No," replied Hubert. " Of course not." 
 He had no idea, however, what it was that 
 Juno referred to. 
 
 " I drew a line," rejoined Juno, " for you 
 and Georgie to follow, which was, that
 
 OFF THE TRACK. 179 
 
 you should perform the subtraction, and 
 Georgie do all the rest. Are you on that 
 line or off of it ?" 
 
 " We've run off," Hubert said, laughing. 
 " I am doing the multiplying, and I was only 
 to do the subtracting." Then looking to- 
 ward Juno, he said, 
 
 " I found I could do the multiplying, too, 
 and I thought you wished me to get along 
 as fast as I could." 
 
 " True," said Juno; " and so you are not 
 at all to blame for running off the line. I 
 don't blame you at all for it. You did what 
 you thought was right. Then besides, per- 
 haps, the line was wrong ; perhaps it would 
 have been better for me to have said that 
 you were to go on doing nothing but the 
 subtracting and bringing down, until you 
 found that you could do the multiplying, 
 too. But I did not say that. And which
 
 180 HUBERT. 
 
 would you like best, a saw that would al- 
 ways keep to the line that you drew for it, 
 wherever the line run, or one that could 
 think a little, and would run off when it 
 thought the line was wrong ?" 
 
 Hubert laughed, and turning to Georgie, 
 he said, " Go ahead, Georgie, I'll only sub- 
 tract and bring down." 
 
 Juno was very gentle and good-natured 
 in her methods of management, but she was 
 extremely decided and firm in requiring all 
 children that were placed under her charge 
 to conform strictly to her directions in all 
 cases. If a child thought that her direc- 
 tions or commands in any case were wrong, 
 she did not defend them, by explaining the 
 reasons for them, since she wished the chil- 
 dren to understand that they must obey 
 them, whether they understood the reasons 
 or not.
 
 OBEYING INSTRUCTIONS. l8l 
 
 Hubert did perfectly right, or rather, he 
 did no wrong in going beyond Juno's in- 
 structions, because he had not been with 
 Juno long enough to know that she never 
 gave definite and positive instructions, with- 
 out some good reason for them, founded on 
 careful consideration and reflection ; and 
 that her instructions must, when given, be 
 implicitly obeyed. He thought he was do- 
 ing what would please Juno in going on 
 faster than she had expected ; supposing 
 that she would, of course, wish him to go 
 on as fast as he could. But he was mistaken 
 in this. Juno did not wish him to go on as 
 fast as he could. She had got the engine 
 on the track as she hoped, but she thought 
 it best to go quite slowly and cautiously for 
 a time. Or, to speak without any metaphor, 
 Hubert had been so crowded and pressed 
 and worried, by being forced forward be- 
 16
 
 182 HUBERT. 
 
 yond where he was capable of going, that 
 she thought it better to hold him back for a 
 time, where his work was easy too easy 
 even so as to awaken and strengthen in his 
 mind the desire to go forward faster. This 
 desire to take another step onward was the 
 first springing up in his mind of a love for 
 arithmetic, to take the place of the hatred 
 of it which the policy of driving him on too 
 fast had engendered ; and she wished to 
 give this new feeling time to take root a lit- 
 tle before she put any strain upon it. If he 
 had gone on to the multiplying, before he 
 had become entirely familiar with the sub- 
 tracting and bringing down, and had then 
 become perplexed and puzzled among the 
 three, the wheels would have been off the 
 track again, or would be in danger of go- 
 ing off, and her work would have to be 
 done over again.
 
 PRINCIPLE OF OBEDIENCE. 183 
 
 She would not explain these reasons to 
 Hubert, however, at this time, because she 
 wished his following the instructions which 
 she had given him, to rest entirely on the 
 principle of obedience ; though in enforcing 
 and insisting upon this principle, she spoke 
 and acted in a very gentle and good-natured 
 manner. She wished Hubert to do as she 
 said, because she said it, and not because he 
 saw that the reasons for it were good. 
 
 And this is the way in which all children 
 ought to obey their parents. They must do 
 thus and so, or avoid doing this or that, be- 
 cause their parents have so directed, wheth- 
 er they understand the reasons or not. In 
 many cases they would not understand the 
 reasons if they were explained. In many 
 other cases there is not time to explain 
 them. 
 
 I think it very probable that Juno's com-
 
 1 84 HUBERT. 
 
 parison of a child disobeying the teacher, to 
 the case of a saw which runs true to the 
 line, aided very much in leading Hubert to 
 fall in readily with her system of implicit 
 obedience. He was so much interested in 
 everything connected with mechanics, that 
 such a comparison was, of course, calculated 
 to strike his fancy quite forcibly. Then, be- 
 sides, he had such agreeable associations 
 with the idea of a tool working true, and 
 entirely in subservience to the will of the 
 workman, that it helped him very much to 
 see the beauty of implicit obedience to right- 
 ful authority, in a child, a beauty which 
 many children are very slow to perceive. 
 
 Running true to the line, became after- 
 ward quite a proverb between Juno and the 
 boys. When she sent them anywhere with 
 special instructions, instead of saying, at 
 last, " And now be sure to do exactly as I
 
 KEEP TRUE TO THE LINE. 185 
 
 have told you." She would say, "And keep 
 true to the line." This meant the same 
 thing, but it had a greater influence on the 
 boys minds, put in that form ; for they were 
 both decidedly averse to proceeding in such 
 a manner as to make their action come un- 
 der the same category with that of a saw, 
 with its teeth set unevenly, so as to make it 
 run off the line and go away. 
 
 Juno went on in this way for a fortnight, 
 allowing Hubert to take only one step each 
 day in learning the several parts of the com- 
 plicated process of long division. It was an 
 excellent exercise for Georgie as well as 
 Hubert, as it gave him practice in compu- 
 tation, and aided decidedly in advancing 
 the development of his arithmetical powei's. 
 At the end of that time Hubert under- 
 stood the process very well, so far as to 
 be able to go on with it quite readily, 
 1 6*
 
 186 HUBERT. 
 
 when there was no special difficulty in 
 the way. 
 
 It is true that there are special difficul- 
 ties sometimes to be encountered, and Juno 
 had not yet taught him anything about 
 these. She had only taught him the regu- 
 lar steps of the process, so that he could go 
 on by himself so long as everything went 
 smoothly and well. When he became in- 
 volved in any difficulty, she did not attempt 
 to explain the nature of the difficulty to 
 him, and try to show him, at the time, how 
 to get out of it, as many persons might, 
 perhaps, at first think was the proper course ; 
 but would let Georgie take the pencil and 
 carry the operation past the difficulty, or 
 would do it herself, and then let Hubert 
 take it, and go on again when the way was 
 clear. But this point will be explained more 
 fully in the next chapter.
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 Difficulties. 
 
 ~T~TTHEN you have learned to practice 
 any art in its regular course, while 
 everything goes on well, you have only half 
 learned it. That is but the first stage of the 
 work. There is a stage which is quite as 
 important, and which, perhaps, requires still 
 more effort and attention than the first and 
 that is to learn how to manage when unex- 
 pected emergencies and difficulties occur. 
 To know how to act while everything goes 
 smoothly and prosperously, is one thing ; 
 to know what to do when accidents or ob-
 
 188 HUBERT. 
 
 stacles occur, is another, and a very different 
 thing. 
 
 For instance, a boy undertook to teach 
 his young brother how to split logs of wood 
 with beetle and wedge. He showed him 
 how to make first a cleft with an axe, in 
 which to insert the wedge. This is neces- 
 sary because the wedge is not usually sharp 
 enough to enter by itself, and also because, 
 even if it were sharp, it would be very diffi- 
 cult to hold the wedge with one hand against 
 the wood, and strike hard enough with the 
 heavy beetle to make it enter with the other. 
 He also taught him, when he had driven in 
 one wedge far enough to open the cleft a 
 little, how he was to put in another and an- 
 other, following up the cleft until the log 
 was split open entirely. .After the boy had 
 done this and had split open two or three 
 logs, he thought he understood k the manage-
 
 DIFFICULTIES. 189 
 
 ment of a beetle and wedge entirely. But 
 his brother said no. 
 
 " You have learned," said he, " the regu- 
 lar work, but you have not learned how to 
 get out of the difficulties. Sometimes when 
 you have a gnarled and knotted log to split 
 you get all your wedges driven in home, 
 and the log does not come open, but holds 
 the wedges tight. Sometimes one of the 
 beetle-rings comes off, or the handle comes 
 out. You have not learned what to do when 
 such accidents happen. You will have to 
 come to me to get you out of the difficulty 
 in such cases, and then you can go on again. 
 So you have yet only half learned the art 
 of splitting wood with beetle and wedges." 
 
 This was no doubt true, and in the same 
 manner a boy may learn how to plane, so that 
 he can plane pretty well, so long as the plane 
 is in good order, and the wood is soft, and
 
 1 90 HUBERT. 
 
 dry, and straight-grained, and everything 
 goes well ; but he cannot be considered a 
 good planer unless he knows what to do 
 when the wood is damp or cross-grained, 
 and the plane won't cut, or gets choked up 
 with shavings. 
 
 A young man might think that he was 
 qualified to drive a stage on a route, from 
 one town to another in a back country, be- 
 cause he had learned to manage four horses 
 well on an ordinary road, and knew how to 
 hold back in going down hill, and to spare 
 his horses going up hill, and to judge cor- 
 rectly in turning out, in respect to how far 
 he could go where it was sideling without 
 danger of going over. But that would not 
 be enough. That would be enough, it is 
 true, to make him a good driver while all 
 was going on well, but a good deal more 
 than that is required to make it safe to en-
 
 WHAT MAKES A GOOD DRIVER. IQI 
 
 trust a long stage route to him. He must 
 know how to act in difficulties and emer- 
 gencies : as, for example, when a tire breaks 
 or a wheel comes off in a solitary place on 
 the road far away from any house; or if 
 one of his horses should have a fit ; or if in 
 going through the woods he finds a great 
 tree blown down across the track ; or if an 
 important part of harness breaks, and no 
 help, is near. To make a good driver it is 
 required that a man should not only be able 
 to drive well when everything is smooth and 
 prosperous, but that he should also know 
 how to act in unexpected and difficult emer- 
 gencies. 
 
 Now it is, perhaps, most usual that when 
 
 persons are learning any particular art, or 
 
 the performance of any operation requiring 
 
 skill, that they learn both the easy and the 
 
 . difficult things together ; that is, they take
 
 HUBERT. 
 
 them just as they happen to come : as, for 
 instance, when a boy in learning to split logs 
 gets the wedge all imbedded in the wood, or 
 one of the rings off his beetle, does not know 
 what to do, his father teaches him at once 
 what to do in such cases, and so he learns 
 how to conduct the regular work, and how 
 to get out of the difficulties at the same time. 
 Indeed, this is usually the course pursued 
 by teachers, while carrying their scholars 
 through long division. They point out to 
 the pupil what the nature of the difficulty is 
 whenever they get into one, and show them 
 on the spot how they are to get out of it. 
 This is indeed often the best way. But Juno 
 was so afraid that Hubert would get again 
 perplexed and entangled, and so stopped in 
 his progress, or, as she expressed it, that he 
 would get off the track again, that she 
 thought it would be best to reserve the
 
 BEYOND THE DIFFICULLY. 193 
 
 difficulties for a separate part of her course. 
 So she had directed Georgie only to let Hu- 
 bert go on with the work as long as it went 
 smoothly and well, and as soon as he made 
 any mistakes and became involved in any 
 difficulty, to take the pencil himself and 
 carry the work on beyond the difficulty ; 
 and then, when the way was clear, to let 
 Hubert take the pencil and go on again. 
 She would teach him how to deal with the 
 difficulties by and by, she said, taking up 
 one kind of a difficulty at a time. 
 
 The first difficulty was when, after multi- 
 plying, it appears that the product obtained 
 is larger than the number above it which 
 was divided, so that the subtraction cannot 
 be performed. Juno explained to Hubert 
 that this was because the figure in the quo- m 
 tient was too large, and that to remedy 
 the difficulty he must rub out that figure, 
 17
 
 194 HUBERT. 
 
 make a new one smaller, and then multiply 
 again. 
 
 She went on in this way, explaining one 
 after another the various difficulties and en- 
 tanglements which children usually get into 
 in performing operations in long division 
 when they are not fully familiar with all parts 
 of the process. She took only one of these 
 difficulties at a time, and when Hubert came 
 to it in his work, taught him how to get out 
 of it himself, while Georgie or she herself, 
 when he came to any other difficulty, went 
 over it for him. In this way, after a reason- 
 able time, he had learned the process quite 
 well, and in learning it had experienced 
 nothing but satisfaction and pleasure. 
 
 I have explained thus fully the course 
 which Juno pursued in raising Hubert out 
 of his difficulties in arithmetic, and getting 
 him well under way again, in hopes that if
 
 THE DIFFICULTY OVERCOME. 195 
 
 among the older boys and girls who may 
 read this book, there are any who have 
 younger brothers and sisters who are in 
 substantially the same condition that Hubert 
 was in perplexed, discouraged and un- 
 happy they may try Juno's experiment 
 upon them ; at least so far as to attempt to 
 help them out of their troubles, if not pre- 
 cisely in the same way, at least on the same 
 principles. If they do make such an attempt 
 and should succeed in it, I am sure that it 
 will be a source of great satisfaction and 
 pleasure to them, as well as of relief and 
 comfort to the children whom they aid. 
 
 After Hubert had learned to do long di- 
 vision well, Juno gave him one example long 
 enough to fill the whole slate, and when it 
 was done, and Hubert had brought it to 
 her, as he did, with a countenance expres- 
 sive of great satisfaction, and she had looked
 
 196 HUBERT. 
 
 at it and found it all right, she asked him 
 how he would like to take the slate home, 
 and show his work to his aunt, Mrs. Wood. 
 
 " Your aunt will be much gratified," Juno 
 said, " to see how well you are going on." 
 
 But immediately on hearing this proposal 
 Hubert's countenance fell. 
 
 "Wouldn't you like to do it?" asked 
 Juno. " Don't you think it would please 
 her?" 
 
 Hubert shook his head, and said, " I don't 
 think anything would please her. She would 
 look over the whole sum and be sure to find 
 something that was not right, and that she 
 could find fault with." 
 
 " Very well," said Juno, " you can do just 
 as you think best. I think you have done 
 the work very well, and that there is no 
 occasion to find fault with it on any account." 
 
 So Hubert went away with his slate and
 
 PRESSING TOWARDS PERFECTION. 197 
 
 wiped out his sum, as quick as he could with 
 his sponge, for fear that Juno might alter 
 her mind, and think that after all it was best 
 for him to go and show his work to Mrs. 
 Wood. 
 
 I presume that Hubert was right in his 
 idea of what his aunt would have said and 
 thought about his work. She would have 
 examined it very critically no doubt. In- 
 deed, the better the work was done the 
 more critically she would have examined 
 it, and the more carefully she would have 
 pointed out all the faults that she could find. 
 She would have done this, moreover, from 
 the best of motives ; namely, from a desire 
 to keep up Hubert's standard of accuracy 
 and precision to the highest point, and to 
 stimulate him to greater effort in pressing 
 on toward perfection. 
 If*
 
 CHAPTER XVII. 
 Mrs, Wood Surprised. 
 
 TUNO found that the principle of divid- 
 ing the intellectual aliment which she 
 had to administer to her pupils, into very 
 small portions, proved so advantageous in 
 practice by promoting so evidently the easy 
 and rapid digestion of it, that she carried it 
 into many things, and sometimes in quite a 
 curious way. For example, in teaching the 
 boys the multiplication-table for she had 
 the good sense to see that one of the things 
 the most fundamental in importance in arith- 
 metic, was that the pupil should be abso- 
 lutely and perfectly familiar with the raulti- 
 (198)
 
 THE PRODUCT OF NINE. 199 
 
 plication-table she even divided the pro- 
 ducts in the line of nines into two parts, 
 separating the first figure of the several pro- 
 ducts from the last, and taught them one at 
 a time, thus : 
 
 She let them look over the line of nines in 
 the table, and observe that the first figure 
 of the product of nine into any factor, was 
 one less than that factor ; that is, that nine 
 times eight make seventy something ; nine 
 times seven, sixty something, and so with all 
 the rest. The boys could perceive the ex- 
 istence of this law easily by the time that 
 they came to the number three, which 
 was twenty something, and Hubert was very 
 much interested in it when it was pointed 
 out to him. He thought it very curious, 
 and after a little practice, he learned to re- 
 peat the line in this way, that is, mentioning 
 only the first figure of the product, thus :
 
 200 HUBERT. 
 
 9 times I are 9 ; 
 
 9 times 2 are 18 ; 
 
 9 times 3 are 20 something ; 
 
 9 times 4 are 30 something ; 
 
 9 times 5 are 40 something ; 
 and so on through the line. 
 
 Hubert did not perceive that the law 
 came into operation until he came to the 
 third figure, but the intelligent reader will 
 perceive that it applies equally to the case 
 of 9 times I and 9 times 2, though it is less 
 obvious in respect to those factors than the 
 other. 
 
 Hubert was much pleased that he could 
 learn half, or half learn, he did not know 
 which to call it, the line of nines so easily. 
 And when afterward Juno questioned him 
 at random, and he found that with a little 
 practice he could answer readily, he was 
 still more pleased. For instance, when she
 
 THE PRODUCT OF NINE. 2OI 
 
 asked how much are 9 times 8, it was easy 
 for him to see that it must be 70 something-, 
 and that 9 times 4 must be 30 something, 
 and so on. 
 
 After Hubert understood this perfectly, 
 and could give promptly the first figure of 
 the product of nine by any number, she 
 showed him a curious way of determining 
 what the second figure would be, by con- 
 sidering how much must be added to the 
 first to make nine. For, as she made him 
 observe, all the products of 9 by any single 
 figure have this remarkable property, that 
 when the two figures that compose it are 
 added together they make 9. For example, 
 3 times 9 makes 27, and the two figures of 
 27 added together make 9. In the same 
 manner 4 times 9 make 36, and 3 and 6 
 make 9, and so with all the rest. 
 
 It follows from these two properties of
 
 202 HUBERT. 
 
 the products of 9 into any single figures, 
 that in order to determine what any pro- 
 duct is, you have only first to take a figure 
 denoting a number i less than the multiplier 
 for the first figure, and another, sufficient 
 to make 9 when added to the first, for the 
 second figure. Thus, for 9 times 7 we take 
 6 for the first figure, because it is one less 
 than 7 and 3, because 3 added to 6 makes 9, 
 for the second, and we get 63 for the an- 
 swer. 
 
 It must be remembered, however, that all 
 this is only useful as a means of interesting 
 and amusing a boy while he is learning the 
 table, and making it, perhaps, somewhat 
 easier for him to learn it ; or, at any rate, 
 beguiling the tediousness of the work in 
 some degree by presenting to his mind some- 
 thing besides the wearisome toil of commit- 
 ting arbitrary and unmeaning numbers to
 
 BEGUILING TIME. 2O3 
 
 memory. Of course, it would be impossible 
 when multiplying numbers for the purpose 
 of actual computation to go through, even 
 mentally, with all the steps above described 
 to find out what the product is in any case. 
 We must know when we come to actual 
 practice, that 7 times 9 are 63 at once, and 
 without stopping to think an instant. So 
 that to understand what has been explained 
 above, about the products of 9 multiplied 
 by single figures, is not to know that line in 
 the table, but is only a method of beguiling 
 a little the time and labor required for learn- 
 ing it. 
 
 Indeed, I am not certain that the plan 
 which Juno thus adopted, would be the best 
 way in all cases of teaching it, but it was an 
 excellent way in Hubert's case. It led him to 
 see that there were curious things connected 
 with figures, and with the various ways of
 
 204 HUBERT. 
 
 combining them, and was the commence- 
 ment of the work of displacing from his 
 mind the hatred of arithmetic which he had 
 been accustomed to feel, and awakening in 
 its stead something like an embrj-o interest 
 in the work which it was plain might in 
 time grow into actual love for it. 
 
 In a word, in the case of a boy who was 
 off the track, this was an excellent way of 
 helping to set him on it again. 
 
 When at length Hubert had learned to 
 solve the problems in long division, which 
 Juno set for him on the slate, with some 
 good degree of correctness and certainty, 
 she allowed him to take his book of arith- 
 metic and attempt to solve those which 
 were given there. Of course, the first of 
 those which were put down in the book 
 were shorter and easier than many that he 
 had already done. He was agreeably pleased
 
 HUBERT AT HOME. 205 
 
 to see how easily he could " do these sums," 
 and became so much interested in the work 
 that he wished to take the slate and arith- 
 metic home, and do some of them there. 
 Juno consented to this, so far as to allow 
 him to try four of them at home. But he 
 mustn't on any account attempt more than 
 four. 
 
 So Hubert took his book and his slate 
 home, and that afternoon he went up into his 
 room and began his work upon the four ex- 
 amples given. He remained there at his 
 work for half an hour. At length, his aunt, 
 not hearing his voice about the house or 
 yard, began to wonder where he was. She 
 asked Maria, but Maria said she did not 
 know where he was. 
 
 A few minutes afterward Mrs. Wood called 
 to Maria again, saying, 
 
 " I wish you would look about and find 
 18
 
 206 HUBERT. 
 
 Hubert. I don't think he would go away 
 without asking my permission, and if he has 
 not gone away he must be in some mischief. 
 Children are almost always in mischief when 
 they are still." 
 
 Maria came back a few minutes afterward, 
 and said that Herbert was up in his room 
 ciphering. 
 
 " Ciphering !" repeated Mrs. Wood, in a 
 tone expressive of surprise and incredulity. 
 " That's nonsense ! I hope you were not so 
 simple as to suppose that he really was 
 ciphering." 
 
 " He seemed to be ciphering," said Maria. 
 " He had his slate and his arithmetic book." 
 
 Mrs. Wood shook her head. " It is only 
 some artfulness of his," said she. " He is in 
 some mischief you may depend, and his 
 ciphering is only a pretence, something to 
 take up when he hears anybody coming.
 
 MRS. WOOD'S SURPRISE. 2O/ 
 
 He has got some book that he is reading by 
 stealth, I have no doubt, and when he heard 
 you coming up stairs he hid it away. Or 
 he may have secretly procured something 
 to eat which he ought not to have. Go up 
 again and see if you cannot find out the 
 truth, and if you cannot, bring Hubert to 
 me." 
 
 So Maria went away, and in a few minutes 
 returned bringing Hubert with her. 
 
 " Hubert, my dear !" said Mrs. Wood, 
 " what are you doing up in your room ?" 
 
 " I'm doing some sums," said Hubert. 
 
 "Ah, Hubert!" said Mrs. Wood, "I'm 
 afraid you are trying to deceive me. It is a 
 very wicked thing to practise deception. It 
 cannot be possible that you are at work 
 upon arithmetic, in your room, for pleasure. 
 Think how many times you have told me 
 that you hated arithmetic."
 
 208 HUBERT. 
 
 " Not Juno's kind," said Hubert. 
 
 "Juno's kind!" repeated his aunt. "What 
 do you mean by Juno's kind ? Let me go 
 and see." 
 
 So she laid down her work and went up 
 to Hubert's room, confidently expecting to 
 find some forbidden book, or something or 
 other, that was contraband, hidden in some 
 drawer, or other place of concealment. She 
 made a thorough search, looked into all 
 the drawers, and even under the pillow of 
 the bed, but nothing was to be found. At 
 last she looked at the slate, and found 
 to her surprise one side full and the 
 other half full of " sums," all evidently in 
 Hubert's hand ; and the last one was half 
 finished. 
 
 She looked at this work a few minutes in 
 silence, running her eye along the line as if 
 she were trying to find some mistakes.
 
 FAULT-FINDING. 2OQ 
 
 " Did Juno say you must do this work ?" 
 she asked. 
 
 " No, aunt," he said. " I am doing them 
 myself. I like to do it." 
 
 " You don't make very good sixes," said 
 his aunt, still looking at the work upon the 
 slate, and apparently not noticing Hubert's 
 reply, " nor sevens. You must try to make 
 all your figures carefully and well. It is 
 very important to make your figures cor- 
 rectly from the first, for if you make them 
 badly, you get into bad habits which you 
 afterward have all to unlearn." 
 
 That evening Mrs. Wood told her hus- 
 band, Hubert's uncle, that she really be- 
 lieved that Juno had succeeded in making 
 Hubert like arithmetic. 
 
 " I should not have believed it possible," 
 said she. " There was nothing that he 
 seemed to hate so intensely. She has al- 
 18*
 
 210 HUBERT. 
 
 most worked a miracle. Indeed, if she had 
 lived two hundred years ago, and were not 
 so young and good-looking, I don't know 
 but that she would have been in danger of 
 being burnt for a witch." 
 
 She laughed at this joke, but then in a 
 moment renewed her serious air, and added, 
 
 " However, I would not tell her so for the 
 world. It would make her vain. But I 
 think she is really quite a nice person, and 
 deserves encouragement. I intend to go 
 and see her school some day. I shall be 
 able to give her some advice about manag- 
 ing young persons, which will be of service 
 to her."
 
 CHAPTER XVIII. 
 Juno's Ideas. 
 
 "TOURING the time that Hubert had 
 thus been coming every day to Juno's 
 school, and had been making so good a be- 
 ginning in arithmetic, a fortnight had passed 
 away. At first Hubert only remained in the 
 school during the half hour for arithmetic, 
 but he soon began to stay a little longer, in 
 order to look over Georgie while at work 
 on his journal. At length, he one day said 
 to Juno that he wished that he could have 
 a journal too. 
 
 Juno was pleased to hear this, but she was 
 not prepared to reply, as she did not feel 
 
 (an)
 
 212 HUBERT. 
 
 authorized to make any addition to the 
 amount of instruction that she was giving 
 to Hubert, without being specially author- 
 ized to do so. So she said that she would 
 think about it, and speak with him the next 
 day. 
 
 Accordingly, she stated the case to Geor- 
 ge's mother. She said to her that Hubert 
 ivas beginning to become interested in study, 
 and that, if it was thought best, she was per- 
 fectly wilting to have him come every day 
 
 < 
 
 to the house, and spend the whole two hours 
 which were devoted to Georgie's studies, 
 and thus go on in company with Georgie as 
 his fellow student. Indeed, in some things 
 she said he could be his class-mate. Geor- 
 gie's mother said that she would consider 
 the subject, and speak to Mrs. Wood about 
 it. 
 
 The result of the consultations that en-
 
 HUBERT A REGULAR SCHOLAR. 213 
 
 sued was that it was decided that Hubert 
 should become one of Juno's regular schol- 
 ars, and accordingly when Hubert came to 
 school on the following day, he found that 
 Juno had provided a book for a journal for 
 him, and a table with a drawer in it for his 
 books and materials, so that he might begin 
 at once as a regular scholar. 
 
 Hubert was greatly interested in com- 
 mencing his journal. As has already been 
 said, Juno's plan was to admit a great va- 
 riety of articles in these books. Anything, 
 in fact, was admissible, provided it was in- 
 teresting, amusing or instructive, and also 
 short. This last was essential, as it was very 
 important while a boy's handwriting was in 
 process of being formed, that he should do 
 no hasty or careless work ; and if , a boy 
 undertakes to transcribe a long article of 
 any kind, he is very likely to become weary
 
 214 HUBERT. 
 
 of it before it is finished, and so grow care- 
 less in his writing in his haste to get it done. 
 
 Among other things that were often put 
 into the journals were texts of Scripture. 
 And as Juno often gave the boys facts in 
 natural history, or science, or philosophy, 
 and always in such cases took care to ex- 
 plain them fully before the boys copied them 
 into their books, it was very natural that she 
 should also explain the texts in the same 
 manner. 
 
 She had thus two reasons for giving the 
 boys texts to write in their books ; for not 
 only did the writing of them slowly and 
 carefully tend to impress the precepts and 
 principles on their minds, but it also gave 
 her excellent opportunities of giving them 
 religious instruction of her own, in the ex- 
 planations which she made of them. The 
 boys listened much more willingly, and were
 
 THE MOTTO. 215 
 
 much more ready to receive what she said, 
 when the instructions which she gave them 
 were in the form of explanations of the texts 
 which they were to write in their journals, 
 than if she had offered them as direct per- 
 sonal exhortations to them. 
 
 Accordingly, when Hubert asked Juno 
 what she thought it would be best for him 
 
 to put first into his journal, she recom- 
 
 . 
 mended a text as the best thing to begin with. 
 
 " It will be a kind of motto for you," she 
 said. " They often put mottoes in the be- 
 ginning of books." 
 
 Hubert was pleased with this idea, if Juno 
 would choose him a text. So she chose the 
 song of the angels which the shepherds heard, 
 announcing the coming of the Saviour : 
 
 " Glory to God in the highest ; on earth 
 peace and good will to man."
 
 2l6 HUBERT. 
 
 She opened to the account in Luke, and 
 read the passage there to the boys in such 
 a manner, as to bring vividly before their 
 minds the scene as it is there described ; and 
 then explained to Hubert what an excellent 
 motto he had for his book, one which com- 
 prised in a few words a complete summary 
 of religious duty. 
 
 " There are not a great many words in it," 
 
 IT 
 
 said Juno, " and it will not take you long to 
 write it ; but in those few words the angels 
 expressed the whole duty which our Sa- 
 viour came into the world to teach to men. 
 They were to give glory to God by doing 
 everything that He should command them, 
 and by receiving thankfully every good, and 
 submitting patiently to every evil that He 
 should send. They were to be just and 
 honest in all their dealings with each other, 
 so as to live in peace without any quarrel-
 
 CHANGE OF HEART. 2 \"J 
 
 ing ; and they were to show good will and 
 kindness to all their fellow-creatures, so as 
 to give pleasure to everybody as far as pos- 
 sible, instead of pain. What a happy world 
 it would be if all the people in it would act 
 according to your motto !" 
 
 This was, in fact, the whole substance of 
 Christian duty according to Juno's ideas ; 
 namely, to have a heart of entire submission 
 to the will of God, and cordial good will 
 and kind feeling toward every human being. 
 To attain to this state she was well aware re- 
 quired a great change from the natural condi- 
 tion of the heart, for she knew very well that 
 if a hundred boys and girls that had never 
 received any moral or religious instruction, 
 were to be put together into a paradise 
 even, and nothing at all were done for them, 
 except to place at hand plenty of food and 
 clothing for them to take, and nothing to 
 19
 
 2l8 HUBERT. 
 
 restrain their selfish and passionate propen- 
 sities except what their own unassisted na- 
 tures furnished, they would soon get in- 
 volved in quarrels and disputes which would 
 lead, as they grew older and stronger, to the 
 most desperate and terrible affrays. 
 
 And even under the ordinary circum- 
 stances in which children are brought up in 
 a Christian land, she knew that just so far as 
 they were neglected and left to the influence 
 and control of their natural propensities they 
 became wilful, selfish and passionate, and 
 much more eager to secure good for them- 
 selves than to promote the comfort and hap- 
 piness of others. Thus she knew that a 
 change was necessary to bring the child into 
 the kingdom of Christ, as described in Hu- 
 bert's motto ; and this change was very pro- 
 perly called a change of heart. She knew, 
 too, that this change was effected by the
 
 THE POWER OF GOD. 2 19 
 
 power of God, and could be effected in no 
 other way. But then she knew, too, that 
 the change in the condition of a seed put 
 into the ground, when it began to vegetate, 
 was produced by the power of God, and 
 she had no clear idea of any difference in 
 the nature or degree of her dependence on 
 divine power, in her efforts to change a 
 child's heart, and to make seeds grow in 
 her garden. 
 
 Indeed, she did not try much to find any 
 difference. All the religious books which 
 she read taught her that the spirit of God 
 in changing the heart, worked through the 
 medium of means adapted to the end, just as 
 the divine power, in another form, in caus-r 
 ing plants to grow in a garden, acted always 
 in conformity with the means adapted to the 
 end that were employed by the gardener. 
 So she thought that all she had to do in pro.
 
 220 HUBERT. 
 
 moting the change of heart in children, was 
 to use the means which she judged best 
 adapted to the end, looking to God for His 
 blessing on her efforts, just as the farmer 
 should look to God for his blessing and his 
 help in the growing of his seed. 
 
 It seemed to her, as indeed it must to 
 everybody who looks at the subject in its 
 true light, that for her to use injudicious or 
 inopportune means, and then, in her heart, 
 throw off the responsibility upon God to 
 make them effectual, was as unreasonable 
 as for a farmer to put his seed in, any how, 
 into the ground, and then depend on the 
 power of God to make it come up right. 
 
 Selfish, passionate and quarrelsome as 
 children often were, Juno had no more 
 doubt that there was in .them something 
 that made it possible for them to be formed 
 to habits of gentleness, kindness And Jove,
 
 CAPACITY FOR RIGHT FEELING. 221 
 
 than she had that there was something in 
 the seed which made it possible for it to 
 sprout and grow, though the intervention of 
 divine power she felt was equally necessary 
 in the two cases. In some of the books that 
 she read this, possibility was called a capac- 
 ity for right feeling and action, which the 
 divine power was to call into exercise ; in 
 others it was called a germ, which by divine 
 power was to be vivified into life. She did 
 not know, however, whether it was a capac- 
 ity or a germ. In fact, I doubt if she knew 
 what the difference was between a capacity 
 and a germ, in relation to the human heart, 
 or whether there was any difference. All 
 that she thought of was that her duty was 
 plain ; namely, to do all she could to awaken 
 right feelings and instil right principles in the 
 hearts of children, by such means as seemed 
 
 best to her, relying, however, all the time, 
 19*
 
 222 HUBERT. 
 
 as she did in the case of the seeds planted 
 in her garden, on divine goodness and power 
 for her ultimate success. And, in order that 
 her means should be adapted to the end, it 
 was her duty to study the characteristics of 
 children, and exercise all her ingenuity and 
 tact in learning how to gain an influence 
 over them, and to lead them in the way in 
 which she wished them to go ; not merely 
 to do as she wished them to do, but to feel 
 as they ought to feel. 
 
 Hubert took great pains in writing his 
 motto in his journal. He began about the 
 middle of the page, having put the word 
 JOURNAL above, where the title comes in 
 the beginning of a book. He also put, 
 under the word journal, the date, recording 
 thus the day and year when his journal was 
 commenced. He wrote the word, MOTTO, 
 too, over the text, in the form of a caption.
 
 A PRACTICAL LESSON. 223 
 
 Juno had an opportunity the very next 
 day to give Hubert a practical lesson on the 
 third part of the motto ; namely, that which 
 relates to the spirit of good will to man. 
 But this will be related in the next chapter.
 
 CHAPTER XIX. 
 
 The New Wheel. 
 
 "TTTHILE Hubert and Georgie were 
 talking together, a few minutes be- 
 fore the time for commencing their studies 
 arrived, Juno sitting as usual at her work, 
 in a large bay window which there was in 
 the room, Hubert said to Georgie, 
 
 " When I was coming along the road this 
 morning, that little imp of a Pompling came 
 out and threw stones at me." 
 
 " What did you do ?" asked Georgie. 
 
 " Oh, I chased him into his yard," said 
 Hubert.
 
 \ 
 
 THROWING STONES. 22$ 
 
 " Did he hit you with a stone ?" asked 
 Georgie. 
 
 " No," replied Hubert, " I would have 
 taken his skin off if he had hit me. But he 
 would not have dared to do such a thing." 
 
 " Then," said Juno, " you don't think he 
 really meant to hit you, I suppose." * 
 
 " No," replied Hubert. " He only did it 
 to make believe. But he is an ugly little 
 fellow." 
 
 Juno said no more. If she had thought 
 that the main thing to be done was to pre- 
 vent Hubert from speaking in that manner 
 of such a boy as Pompling, she would have 
 reproved him at once for saying what he 
 did ; but that was not the main thing. That 
 would be something, it is true. But the 
 main thing was to change his feelings to- 
 ward the child. She did not at once decide 
 what she could do to make the change in
 
 226 HUBERT. 
 
 his feelings, but she was satisfied that re- 
 proving him for what he said would not be 
 the best way. 
 
 So she said nothing at the time, but all 
 lowed the subject to drop. 
 
 A few days after this Hubert and Geor- 
 gii asked Juno to go up into their shop to 
 see the bench which they had made. She 
 accordingly went with them. The bench 
 was, indeed, a very good one, entirely suf- 
 ficient for their purpose, although in mak- 
 ing it they had no tools except a saw, a 
 hammer and nails. It is true, that the 
 boards of which they made it were already 
 planed at the mill, and as for the legs they 
 did not need planing. Juno thought that 
 the bench was a very good bench, indeed. 
 
 " It proves," said Georgie, " that we know 
 how to use a saw, and so now we are enti- 
 tled to another tool."
 
 A NEW WHEEL FOR POMPLINGr 22/ 
 
 "Yes," said Juno, "you are. And what 
 tool will you have for your next one ?" 
 
 " What would you have ?" asked Georgie, 
 turning to Hubert. 
 
 " I hardly know yet," said Hubert. " It 
 depends on what we are going to make 
 next." 
 
 " I'll tell you an excellent thing to make," ' 
 said Juno. " I was at Pompling's the other 
 day, and he was drawing his little sister 
 about on a kind of wagon, but one of the 
 wheels was gone. If you could only make 
 him a new wheel, it would please the little 
 fellow very much." 
 
 Hubert looked rather serious on hearing 
 this suggestion. 
 
 " It is kind in him," continued Juno, " to 
 draw his little sister about, and it would 
 please him so much to have a new wheel." 
 
 " I suppose," continued Juno, after a mo-
 
 228 HUBERT. 
 
 ment's pause, " that he has not any money 
 to pay a carpenter to make him a new 
 wheel. Some of the boys might, perhaps, 
 do it for him if they were good-natured, 
 but it is not everybody that knows how to 
 do such a thing." 
 
 " I'll make him a wheel," said Hubert, 
 suddenly looking up. " At least, I'll try." 
 
 " Only," he added, after a moment's re- 
 flection, " we have n't got the tools I should 
 need." 
 
 " What tools would you need ?" asked 
 Juno. 
 
 " We should need first a key-hole saw to 
 saw the wheel out with," said Hubert, "and 
 a vice to our bench to hold the board while 
 we are sawing it, and a small auger to bore 
 the hole in the middle, and then he added, 
 I ought to have a pair of compasses to mark 
 out the round."
 
 MAKING THE WHEEL. 229 
 
 After some farther reflection, however, 
 Hubert concluded that it might be possible 
 to make the wheel without all those things, 
 He might describe the circle, he said, with 
 Georgie's dividers ; for Georgie had a pair 
 of dividers in his desk. Then he could saw 
 off corners on every side, with a common 
 saw, and in that way make the piece nearly 
 round, and then finish it with a chisel. As 
 for the hole, he thought that he could 
 burn that out with a hot iron, provided 
 he could find a piece of iron that would 
 do. 
 
 " Only," said he, " I must know exactly 
 the size of the wheel." 
 
 Juno said that she could give him the size 
 of the wheel, for when she saw that one of 
 Pompling's wheels was gone, she hoped to 
 find some way of replacing it, and so she 
 took the measure of the mate of it. She 
 
 20
 
 230 HUBERT. 
 
 added, moreover, that Hubert did her a 
 great favor by being so willing to undertake 
 the work. 
 
 Hubert succeeded very well, on the whole, 
 in making his wheel. He described a circle 
 of the right size, near the end of a narrow 
 strip of planed board the width of the strip 
 being about equal to the diameter of the 
 wheel. Then he sawed off the piece thus 
 marked out, and afterward sawed off the 
 corners, all around, close to the circle which 
 he had drawn. There were still, however, a 
 number of angles left, where the wood pro- 
 jected beyond the line. These he afterward 
 trimmed off with his chisel, which in the 
 meantime had been bought for their next 
 tool, and which the boys had ground and 
 sharpened. 
 
 Hubert cut these projecting angles off by 
 placing his wheel upon the bench, with a
 
 MAKING THE WHEEL. 23! 
 
 small piece of board under it to prevent 
 marring the wood of the bench with the 
 chisel, and then crowding the chisel hard 
 down into the wood, by pressing upon from 
 above. 
 
 The work of burning out the hole in the 
 centre, caused him some trouble, but he at 
 .length succeeded in accomplishing it. The 
 boys found an iron rod, among the old iron 
 in the barn, which they thought would an- 
 swer the purpose for a burner very well ; 
 and Georgie's idea was that they could heat 
 the iron in the kitchen fire. But Hubert 
 said that this would not do, for the smoke 
 from the burning wood would fill the kitchen 
 and make an unpleasant smell. Accordingly 
 the boys went out to a piece of pasture 
 ground which was not far from the house, 
 at a place where there were plenty of sticks 
 lying around, and there they built a lire in
 
 232 HUBERT. 
 
 which they could heat their iron and burn 
 out the hole. 
 
 By this plan, the boys not only succeeded 
 well in accomplishing their object in respect 
 to the work, but they also amused them- 
 selves a great deal in playing about their 
 fire. 
 
 When the wheel was finished the boys 
 took it to Juno, to see whether it was right. 
 She said it was a very good wheel, and on 
 applying her measure to it, which was a 
 slender strip of paper, with a mark near one 
 end of it denoting the breadth of the hole, 
 she found it to be of the right size, both in 
 respect to the wheel and to the hole. 
 
 Hubert had been intending to leave the 
 wheel with Juno, in order that she might 
 carry it to Pompling. But Juno said that 
 it would be much better for Hubert to take 
 it there himself, on his way home.
 
 FITTING IT ON. 233 
 
 ' It is you," she said, " that have taken all 
 the trouble to make the wheel, and you 
 must see how pleased Pompling will look, 
 when he gets it." 
 
 " But suppose when he sees you coming," 
 said Georgie, " and does not know that you 
 are bringing him a wheel, he begins to 
 throw stones at you." 
 
 " Then," said Hubert, throwing himself 
 into a threatening attitude, and looking 
 very fierce, "I'll shie the wheel at his 
 head." 
 
 " Oh, no !" said Juno. " I would not do 
 that. Walk right on, without paying any 
 attention to his stones, and tell him you 
 hav 7 e got a wheel for his wagon, and you 
 will see how ashamed he will look when he 
 sees you fitting it on." 
 
 " There now !" exclaimed Hubert sud- 
 denly, " I forgot about the linch-pin. There 
 20*
 
 234 HUBERT. 
 
 must be a linch-pin. What kind of linch- 
 pins were they, in his wagon ? Were they 
 nails, or what ?" 
 
 " 1 don't know," said Juno. " I did not 
 think anything about the linch-pins." 
 
 " I'll bet you a big apple," said Hubert, 
 turning to Georgie, " that they were wooden 
 pegs, and that one of them got weak and 
 broke, and that's the way the wheel was 
 lost." 
 
 " Or else," he added, after a moment's 
 thought, " he had good linch-pins, and lost 
 one of them, and so put in some little stick 
 or other, and that broke, and the wheel 
 came off, and got lost in that way. He 
 ought to have pieces of good stout iron- 
 wire and washers" 
 
 " You can show him," said Juno, " exactly 
 how he ought to do it." 
 
 Hubert concluded to adopt Juno's propo-
 
 THE WHEEL TAKEN HOME. 235 
 
 sal that he should take the wheel himself to 
 Pompling on his way home. When he ar- 
 rived near the house he saw Pompling on 
 the gate. He was resting his feet upon the 
 lower bar, and with his arms folded was 
 leaning upon the upper one. He had 
 been in this position some time amusing 
 himself in observing the people who passed 
 by. 
 
 When he saw Hubert coming he jumped 
 off the gate, and retreated a few steps, as if 
 he expected an attack. Hubert held up the 
 wheel, and said, 
 
 " See, I've got a wheel for your wagon." 
 
 Pompling seemed to be re-assured by this 
 announcement, and came forward again. 
 He opened the gate a little way, and looked 
 out. 
 
 " Oh, yes," said he. " Juno made it for 
 me."
 
 236 HUBERT. 
 
 " No," replied Hubert. " Juno could not 
 make such a thing." 
 
 " Then she got it made for me," said 
 Pompling. 
 
 " No," replied Hubert, " I made it myself. 
 Juno told me about it, but Georgie and I 
 made the wheel for you." 
 
 Pompling stared at Hubert, and seemed 
 bewildered. He did not appear to know 
 what to make of the affair. In a moment, 
 however, he turned and ran up the path and 
 disappeared round the corner of the house. 
 He very soon returned, pulling his wagon 
 after him one corner of the board as usual 
 dragging on the ground. 
 
 Hubert put the wheel upon the axle-tree, 
 and then put in, for a linch-pin, a short piece 
 of stout iron-wire, which he brought for the 
 purpose, having first put on a washer which 
 he had cut out from the leather of an old
 
 POMPLTNG DELIGHTED. 237 
 
 shoe, and brought with him. The washer, 
 of course, came between the linch-pin and 
 the wheel. 
 
 Pompling all the while looked on, motion- 
 less and speechless. When at length the 
 work was done, and the wagon was ready, 
 and Hubert put the pole by which it was to 
 be drawn, into his hands, and he found, on 
 drawing it along a little way, that the new 
 wheel would turn, and that his wagon was 
 complete, he seemed greatly delighted, and 
 without saying a word, ran off with it, 
 and disappeared behind the corner. 
 
 Hubert waited a few minutes to see wheth- 
 er he would come back. But he did not 
 come. He had gone into the house to show 
 his mended wagon to his mother, and ask 
 her to get the baby ready to go and take a 
 ride upon it, and this his mother was do- 
 ing, while Pompling was waiting. He had
 
 238 HUBERT. 
 
 forgotten all about Hubert, whom he had 
 left in the yard. After waiting a reasonable 
 
 time, Hubert gave up expecting his return, 
 i 
 
 and went home", saying, as he walked, some- 
 what disappointed, away, " He does not 
 even thank me." 
 
 The next day Juno asked him whether he 
 gave Pompling his wheel. He said he did 
 and that he fitted it on for him. 
 
 " And what did he say ?" asked Juno. 
 
 " He did not say anything," replied Hu- 
 bert. 
 
 " Not anything ?" repeated Juno. 
 
 " Not a single word," said Hubert. " He 
 ran off as far as he could go." 
 
 " What, without his wagon?" asked Juno. 
 
 " Oh, no," replied Hubert. " He took his 
 wagon with him." 
 
 Juno laughed. 
 
 " He ought at least to have thanked you,"
 
 DOING GOOD. 239 
 
 said Juno. " But he is such a little fellow, 
 we must not expect much from him. Be- 
 sides, we must not do good for the sake of 
 the thanks we get for it, but for the sake 
 of having the good done. You have made 
 him a wheel, and he will be very happy no 
 doubt in drawing his little sister about on 
 his wagon, now that it is all right ; and she 
 will be happy, tpo, in finding that it goes so 
 much better, and that she does not have to 
 hold on so hard to the board with her little 
 hands ; and their mother will be happy to 
 see her children pleased, and to find that 
 now they have got a good wagon, they will 
 play with it more, and she will have more 
 time to do her work. So you see, you have 
 made a great deal of happiness, and that is 
 the main thing. It is of very little conse- 
 quence whether you get thanks for it or 
 riot."
 
 240 HUBERT. 
 
 " I think he might, at least, have been 
 civil enough to thank me," said Hubert. 
 
 " Certainly," said Juno " He ought to 
 have done it. But that's the way with do- 
 ing good. Half the time we- don't get any 
 credit for it, and if we do good for the sake 
 of the thanks we are to get, we shall soon 
 grow discouraged, and give it up. But if 
 
 we do good for the sake of the happiness 
 
 * 
 
 we occasion, then we shall be satisfied with- 
 out the thanks, and go on. You have suc- 
 ceeded in producing a great deal of happi- 
 ness by making that wheel for Pompling : 
 and if I were you, I would go on and 
 make him some washers for his other 
 wheels." 
 
 Hubert paused a moment, and then 
 said, 
 
 " Well, I will. I don't care about the 
 thanks, after all."
 
 THANKS IN THE END. 24! 
 
 He, however, in the end received the 
 thanks, although he said he did not care 
 about them. For, a few days afterward he 
 went with the three other washers, to com- 
 plete the set, and put them on the wheels ; 
 and then he put the pole into Pompling's 
 hands, in order that he might see how much 
 more smoothly and easily the wheels moved ; 
 and Pompling after moving the wagon to 
 and fro a few times to try it, ran off with it 
 around the corner, just as he had done be- 
 fore. Hubert then passed out through the 
 gate and went down the road toward home. 
 He had not gone very far, however, before 
 he heard a voice behind calling out to 
 him, 
 
 " Halloo ! You fellow ! What made my 
 wheel !" 
 
 Hubert turned round,, and saw Pompling 
 perched on the gate holding on with his 
 21
 
 242 HUBERT. 
 
 two hands, and calling out aloud. " I'm 
 much obliged to you ! I thank you ! I'm 
 very much obliged to you !" 
 
 He kept calling out in this way for some 
 time. 
 
 When Hubert related this circumstance 
 to Juno, she said it reminded her of one of 
 her favorite texts. 
 
 " Be not weary in well doing, for in due 
 season you shall reap if you faint not."
 
 CHAPTER XX. 
 William Darricutt. 
 
 r I iHE summer passed away and the au- 
 tumn came on. Hubert continued to 
 be Juno's pupil, with Georgie, and made 
 great progress in his studies. He was now 
 completely on the track, in fact, and was go- 
 ing on smoothly and well. 
 
 One day after the boys had finished their 
 studies and were playing about the grounds, 
 they found some corn in the garden, which 
 Georgie said was big enough to roast, and 
 he proposed to Hubert that they should go 
 into the woods that afternoon and build a 
 fire and roast some of it. Hubert liked this 
 
 ( 2 43)
 
 244 HUBERT. 
 
 proposal very much, and Georgie went in 
 to see Juno about it and to obtain permis- 
 sion. 
 
 What Georgie called the woods, was 
 really a piece of pasture ground in the rear 
 of his father's house, where the boys often 
 went to pkty. In some places the ground 
 was rocky and rough, and in others there 
 were clumps of trees and bushes, enough to 
 justify calling the place the woods. 
 
 Georgie and Hubert proposed their plan 
 to Juno. She made no objection. On the 
 contrary, she proposed that they should 
 take some apples and potatoes, too, as well 
 as corn, so as to have a variety in their cook- 
 ing. 
 
 Georgie said that he wished that Juno 
 could go, too, but she said she could not 
 leave her work that afternoon. 
 
 " But I think that you can go," she said,
 
 ROASTING POTATOES. 245 
 
 " though I would rather that you would ask 
 your mother, as there are some dangers." 
 
 Georgie wished to know what the dan- 
 gers were, but Juno said that since she did 
 not think they were serious enough to pre- 
 vent their going, it seemed hardly worth 
 while to talk about them. But the boys 
 both wished to know what danger she meant. 
 
 " One is," said Juno, " that your potatoes 
 will get burned instead of roasted, for want 
 of ashes to bury them up in." 
 
 " We can get some sand," said Hubert. 
 
 " Perhaps you won't think of that," said 
 Juno ; " or, perhaps you can't find any sand. 
 I never knew boys and girls to attempt to 
 roast potatoes in the woods without getting 
 them burnt to a coal." 
 
 " Never mind that," said Georgie ; " what 
 are the other dangers ?" 
 
 " I don't suppose," said Juno, speaking
 
 246 HUBERT. 
 
 hesitatingly, and looking very thoughtful and 
 serious, " that there is any particular danger 
 of bears or wolves in such woods as these." 
 
 " Nonsense, Juno !" said Georgie. " You 
 know there is not any such thing." 
 
 " Well, there is one danger at least," said 
 Juno, " that is very serious. Boys, when 
 they build fires in the woods, generally lay 
 their jackets down near them in the sun, 
 where they get quite warm, and then a 
 spark snaps out upon them, or else the fire 
 creeps along to them through the grass, 
 while they themselves are off after more 
 fuel ; and so when they come back they 
 find their jackets smoking with a smould- 
 ering fire, and great holes burnt in them. 
 Once I knew a boy who, when he came to 
 take up his jacket which he had laid down 
 near his fire, found nothing left of it but a 
 mass of blackened and smoking rags."
 
 MR. DARRICUTT. 247 
 
 " We'll look out for that," said Georgie, 
 turning to Hubert. " We'll hang our jack- 
 ets up in the shade on the branch of a tree, 
 a good way from the fire." 
 
 " Perhaps you can," said Juno. " You 
 know I said the dangers were not serious 
 enough to prevent your going. So you can 
 ask your mother, and see what she says. 
 Only she is engaged with company now." 
 
 " Who is it ?" asked Georgie. 
 
 " It is a Mr. Darricutt, I believe." 
 
 " Oh ! William Darricutt," said George. 
 " I don't mind him. Let's go in and ask 
 mother." 
 
 So Georgie went into the parlor to ask 
 his mother. Hubert followed him. 
 
 After first paying his respects properly to 
 Mr. Darricutt, who was a student at home 
 during a vacation, he stated his case to his 
 mother. He said that he and Hubert had
 
 248 HUBERT. 
 
 a plan of going into the woods that after- 
 noon to build a fire and roast some corn and 
 other things. 
 
 " I have no objection to your going into 
 the woods," said his mother, " but I am not 
 so sure about the fire. What do you think 
 about it, William ?" 
 
 So saying, she turned to Mr. Darricutt. 
 
 " The only danger," said William, " would 
 be that the fire might get away from them. 
 The grass is pretty dry now, and the fire 
 would run. It might get into the woods 
 and bushes, and possibly do some damage." 
 
 There are two seasons in the year when 
 there is danger in making fires in the fields, 
 especially near any woods in the spring 
 and in the fall. There is seldom any danger 
 in the summer or in the winter. 
 
 The reason is that in the summer the 
 ground is generally well covered with green
 
 FIRE IN THE WOODS. 249 
 
 grass, which will not burn, and in winter 
 with ice and snow. But in the autumn, 
 when the herbage has ripened and become 
 dry, the fire, when it gets caught in it, some- 
 times runs along through it very fast, espe- 
 cially when there is a breeze. The surface 
 of the ground, too, with all the. ripened 
 grass and fallen leaves that lie upon it, be- 
 come heated by the sun, so that everything 
 combustible burns all the more readily and 
 rapidly. 
 
 One would not suppose that there would 
 be any danger in the spring, when the ice 
 and snow have just melted from the ground, 
 and when nothing has yet begun to grow. 
 But it is this very fact that nothing fresh 
 and green has yet appeared that constitutes 
 the danger. The ground is covered with 
 the dead vegetation of the preceding year, 
 and this is so light and thin that a few days
 
 25O HUBERT. 
 
 of warm sun make it extremely inflammable. 
 A spark will sometimes kindle it, and the 
 flames, when fanned by a breeze, spread, 
 sometimes in a constantly expanding circle, 
 in a very alarming manner. 
 
 Nor is it easy to stop such a fire by 
 any ordinary means, for it spreads over so 
 great a surface that you cannot get water 
 enough to put it out ; and if you had water 
 enough you could not do much with it, for 
 while you were pouring it on in one place, 
 the fire would be running on fiercely and 
 furiously in another. The only way is to 
 whip it out with branches of evergreen trees, 
 at the margin all around where it is advanc- 
 ing, and so stop its progress, and then wait 
 to let it take its own time to burn itself 
 out on the ground which it has already 
 covered. 
 
 Fires sometimes catch and spread in this
 
 FIRE ON THE PRAIRIES. 2$ I 
 
 way on the great grass prairies in the West, 
 and produce the most extended conflagra- 
 tions. They are sometimes set purposely 
 by the Indians, and sometimes they take ac- 
 cidentally from some camp fire, or from the 
 burning \vad of a hunter's gun, or even from 
 the spark of a locomotive. 
 
 They very often occur, too, in the hilly 
 and forest land of the Eastern States, and 
 when they get into the woods it is almost 
 impossible to stop them. The fallen trunks 
 and dead branches of the trees, and the old 
 decayed roots and beds of moss, which some- 
 times get dried to a considerable depth form 
 masses of fuel which kindle quick and burn 
 long and furiously ; and the wind, if there 
 is a wind, drives the sparks and flaming 
 fragments of decayed wood and bark on- 
 ward through the thickets ; so that while 
 the men are trying to extinguish the fire at
 
 252 HUBERT. 
 
 one point, it is perhaps rekindling itself in 
 many others. 
 
 Such fires sometimes do incalculable dam- 
 age, and this in many ways. So long as 
 they merely run over grass land they do no 
 harm. They burn only the dried grass, and 
 the ashes of this falls down and fertilizes the 
 ground. But when they got into the woods 
 they kill all the young and growing trees by 
 burning the bark off round the stem, and 
 so girdling them. 
 
 If they come to evergreen trees the flame 
 often catches in the top, and sets all the 
 foliage in a blaze, forming a most magnifi- 
 cent spectacle. For the foliage of ever- 
 green trees contains a resinous substance 
 which makes them inflammable even while 
 they are green. 
 
 Then, sometimes, they reach the fences 
 by which the great pastures are enclosed,
 
 FIRE AT HOME. 253 
 
 which fences are often, especially in the 
 woods, made of brush, and these, of course, 
 form lines of fire to conduct the conflagra- 
 tion to the farmer's buildings. It is awful, in 
 the dead of night, to have a fire coming thus 
 toward the home of a family secluded in an 
 opening in the woods, the air filled with 
 smoke and sparks, and illumined with a lurid 
 light, while there is no possibility of arresting 
 its progress, and sometimes with no opening 
 left for the inmates to escape with their lives. 
 There was, it was true, no danger of such 
 a conflagration as this in the pasture ground 
 where the boys proposed building their fire. 
 But the thought of such conflagrations, and 
 of the various minor disasters which might 
 result from a fire escaping control in the 
 open ground, led Mr. Darricutt to hesitate 
 in answering the question which had been 
 put to him. 
 
 22
 
 254 HUBERT. 
 
 The boys began to feel a little uneasy 
 when they found that Mr. Darricutt was dis- 
 posed to speak so doubtfully about their plan. 
 
 " Mother," said Georgie, " there is no dan- 
 ger at all. The fire could not possibly get 
 away from us." 
 
 He spoke this in a very decided tone. 
 
 " Ah !" said his mother. " That makes 
 me feel more afraid than ever to let you go." 
 
 " I don't wonder at that," said Mr. Darri- 
 cut. " When boy s are aware that there is 
 danger, they are likely to be careful. When 
 they think there is no danger, then they are 
 apt to be careless ; and still more so when 
 they are so sure that there is no danger." 
 
 " But I'll tell you what we will do," con- 
 tinued Mr. Darricutt turning to Georgie's 
 mother, after a moment's pause, " I'll go 
 with the boys, if you will trust them to my 
 care."
 
 THE PLAN ARRANGED. 255 
 
 " Good !" said Georgia, clapping his hands. 
 " That will be just the thing. Then you'll 
 feel perfectly safe, mother." 
 
 His mother said she was very unwilling 
 to put Mr. Darricutt to chat trouble. But 
 he said that it would be no trouble at all. 
 He would like to go, he said. He was en- 
 tirely at leisure that afternoon, and it would 
 be a pleasure to him to go into the pasture 
 and make a fire, as he used to in old times 
 when he was a boy. 
 
 So the plan was all arranged. The boys 
 and Mr. Darricutt were to meet at a certain 
 red gate at the end of the lane, at a quarter 
 past two. And the affair being thus settled, 
 the boys went out to procure the corn, po- 
 tatoes and apples which they were going to 
 roast at their fire.
 
 CHAPTER XXI. 
 Strong Government. 
 
 rTIHE boys were at the red gate, which 
 was the place appointed for the ren- 
 dezvous, a quarter of an hour before the 
 time. They had their stores of provisions 
 in a basket. Georgie had charge of the 
 basket, while Hubert carried a hatchet. It 
 was a rule with him never to go into the 
 woods without a hatchet. In this case the 
 hatchet was specially important, inasmuch 
 as some instrument of the kind was almost 
 absolutely necessary as a means of prepar- 
 ing the fuel for the fire. 
 
 Perhaps, however, I ought not to say ab- 
 (256)
 
 INTERRUPTIONS TO READING. 257 
 
 solutely necessary, since it is possible to 
 build a fire with very long 1 sticks by burn- 
 ing them in two, as we shall see presently 
 that the boys did on this occasion. 
 
 Mr. Darricutt came promptly at the ap- 
 pointed time. He had a book in his hand. 
 The boys asked him if he was going to read. 
 
 " That depends," said he, " upon how 
 amusing I find your fire." 
 
 " Is it a story book that you have got ?" 
 asked Hubert. 
 
 " No," replied Mr. Darricutt ; " it is a 
 book about chemistry." 
 
 " I should think it would be a great deal 
 better to bring a story book, or something 
 entertaining, when you come out into the 
 woods for play," said Georgie. 
 
 " No," said Mr. Darricutt. " Because I'm 
 liable to a great many interruptions at such 
 times, and a tale of any kind is the worst 
 
 22*
 
 258 HUBERT. 
 
 book you can have when you are liable to 
 many interruptions, on account of there be- 
 ing such a close connection in the parts. 
 Being interrupted is a greater disturbance 
 to the mind when there is a very close and 
 continued connection in what you are read- 
 ing." 
 
 " Isn't there a connection in your chemis- 
 try?" asked Georgie. 
 
 " Yes," replied Mr. Darricutt, " but the 
 connection is not so close. I can read about 
 one thing and then stop, and afterward read 
 about another." 
 
 " What is chemistry about, any how ?" 
 asked Hubert. 
 
 " Ah !" rejoined Mr. Darricutt. " That 
 would be very hard for me to explain to 
 you. Perhaps I may tell you something 
 about it by and by. But now I must tell 
 you what my plan is to prevent the danger
 
 EXACTLY AND IMPLICITLY 259 
 
 of a fire spreading in the grass. It is to 
 burn the ground where you are going to 
 have your fire, all over in the first place. 
 I am not going to do anything about it my- 
 self, but only to direct you. If you obey 
 my orders exactly and implicitly, we shall 
 get along very well." 
 
 " I'll obey you exactly" said Georgie, " but 
 as to implicitly, I don't know what that 
 means." 
 
 " It means without any hesitation or de- 
 murring," replied Mr. Darricutt. 
 
 " But I don't know what demurring 
 means," said Georgie. 
 
 " Nor I either," said Hubert. 
 
 " It means stopping to make objections or 
 to argue the case," replied Mr. Darricutt. 
 As soon as we get to the ground, you may 
 first choose the place where you would like 
 to have your fire. Perhaps I shall see some
 
 260 HUBERT. 
 
 reason why the place will not do. If so I 
 shall say no, but without giving any reasons. 
 Then you will have to look about for an- 
 other place." 
 
 " Or would you rather I would stop and 
 give the reasons," he added, " and so waste 
 a quarter of an hour talking about it." 
 
 <l No," said Hubert, speaking in an "under- 
 tone to Georgie. 
 
 " No," repeated Georgie, speaking aloud. 
 
 Georgie knew very well from past expe- 
 rience that William Darricutt would not 
 object to their choice of a place, unless he 
 had good reasons for it ; and that if they 
 were to talk about it, no matter how long, 
 it would make no difference in his decision. 
 So he was very ready to adopt Hubert's 
 idea of dispensing with all discussion. 
 
 By this time the party had reached the 
 pasture. They walked on for some time,
 
 PICTURESQUE AND BEAUTIFUL. 261 
 
 following a narrow but pretty path which 
 had been made by the cows, until they came 
 to the part of the ground where the boys 
 intended to have their fire. It was a wild 
 place, encumbered, as some persons might 
 say, though the boys would have said, made 
 picturesque and beautiful by rocks and thick- 
 ets. 
 
 The boys began at once to look about for 
 a place to build a fire. They at length 
 chose the surface of a flat rock just on the 
 margin of a dense thicket. The boys thought 
 that this would be a very good place for 
 their fire. The surface of the rock was flat 
 and very near the level of the ground, and 
 would make, as they thought, an excellent 
 hearth for them. They thought, moreover, 
 that it would be a very safe place, as the 
 rock was so wide on every side that the fire 
 would not come near the grass.
 
 262 HUBERT. 
 
 In the meantime Mr. Darricutt had turned 
 to one side and had found an excellent seat 
 for himself on a block of stone in a shady 
 place. The stone was near a precipice of 
 rock which rose sloping behind it, and 
 formed a back for the seat, which made it 
 very comfortable. 
 
 As Mr. Darricutt took his seat upon the 
 stone he opened his book and said, 
 
 " Now I'm going to read. You may look 
 about and choose your place. If I approve 
 of it then you can go ahead. If not, you 
 will have to look about you and try again." 
 
 Mr. Darricutt said this very good natur- 
 edly and quietly, but still in a very decided 
 manner, as if it was perfectly understood 
 between them that his will was to be obeyed 
 without any hesitation or debate. 
 
 Hubert and Georgie did not dislike this 
 authoritative manner assumed by Mr. Dar-
 
 " HERE'S THE PLACE." 263 
 
 ricutt at all. Indeed, they rather liked 
 it. They felt somewhat as if they were 
 soldiers under the command of a good 
 general. 
 
 It was only a moment after this that the 
 boys, in looking about the ground for a 
 place for their fire, fell upon the flat stone 
 above described, and decided in their own 
 minds, as has already been said, that that 
 would be just the place for them. So Geor- 
 gie called out to Mr. Darricutt, 
 
 " William !" said he, " look ! Here's the 
 place." 
 
 Georgie had been acquainted with Mr. 
 Darricutt for many years, and had formed 
 the habit of calling him William when he 
 was much younger, though now that he had 
 grown to be twenty-three or four years of 
 age, and was, moreover, a student in a poly- 
 technic institution, after having graduated
 
 264 HUBERT. 
 
 at college, he was fully entitled to be ad- 
 dressed as a man. 
 
 Mr. Darricutt raised his eyes from his 
 book, looked at the place, paused long 
 enough to survey the surroundings, and 
 then shook his head. 
 
 " He says no," said Hubert to Georgie in 
 an undertone, and seeming surprised. 
 
 " Why not ?" asked Georgie, speaking 
 aloud to Mr. Darricutt. " We couldn't pos- 
 sibly have a better place." 
 
 " Demurring," said Mr. Darricutt quietly. 
 
 He then resumed his reading, just as if 
 the boys were not there. 
 
 " It's of no use," said Georgie ; " we shall 
 have to find another place." 
 
 So, after laying their basket of provisions 
 down upon the flat rock, they began to look 
 about in the neighborhood for another place 
 for their fire.
 
 CHAPTER XXII. 
 
 Arrangements. 
 
 f~^\ EORGIE at length discovered a place 
 under the shelter of some huge rocks 
 which he was very much pleased with. 
 
 " This will do exactly," said Georgie. " In 
 fact, it is a better place than the other was, 
 for there are nice seats for us on the rocks 
 all about." 
 
 But Hubert shook his head. 
 
 " No," said he, " this won't do at all, 
 there is so much dried grass and weeds all 
 about here. The ground is all covered 
 with it." 
 
 This was true. The precipice of rock 
 23
 
 266 HUBERT. 
 
 did, indeed, shut in the place behind, so as 
 to prevent all danger of the spread of fire in 
 that direction, but in front, and on the two 
 sides, there was a great quantity of decayed 
 and dried herbage covering the ground for 
 a considerable distance. 
 
 " If a spark should catch in there," said 
 Hubert, pointing down, " it would run like 
 wild fire. He'll say no to this place, as sure 
 as you're alive." 
 
 " Well," rejoined Georgie, " it will do no 
 harm to ask him at any rate." 
 
 So he called out to Mr. Darricutt, and 
 pointed to the place against the rocks where 
 they proposed to make the fire. 
 
 Mr. Darricutt looked at it for a moment 
 and then said, that he would come and see. 
 
 So he rose from his seat, laid his book 
 down upon it, and walked toward the spot 
 where Hubert and Georgie were standing.
 
 " DEMURRING." 267 
 
 He first looked at the place where the fire 
 was to be made, and then surveyed all the 
 surrounding ground, Hubert and Georgie 
 standing by all the time in silence and sus- 
 pense, both confidently expecting an unfav- 
 orable decision. They were much surprised 
 to hear Mr. Darricutt announce his conclu- 
 sion at last, by saying, 
 
 " Yes ; this will do very well.' 
 
 "Why, Mr. Darricutt!" said Hubert. 
 " There is a great deal more dead grass and 
 leaves for the fire to run in about this place, 
 than there was about the other." 
 
 " Demurring ;" said Georgie. 
 
 " No," rejoined Mr. Darricutt. " That is 
 not demurring. Demurring is making an 
 objection as an excuse for not obeying, or 
 as a reason for changing the decision. But 
 Hubert does not state his objection to have 
 the decision changed, I suppose."
 
 268 HUBERT. 
 
 "Oh, no," said Hubert. " We like this 
 place a great deal better than the other, but 
 we thought we could not possibly have it." 
 
 " So he states the objection to it from 
 curiosity," said Mr. Darricutt, "and for the 
 sake of information, which is all right, and 
 not at all as an argument or an excuse." 
 
 " The truth is," continued Mr. Darricutt, 
 " the other place was dangerous, on account 
 of its being so near the thicket, that we could 
 not safely burn the ground over all around 
 it, for you can't whip out a fire in the woods 
 as you can in the open ground. And now 
 the first thing is to get your fire-whips. I'll 
 give you all the directions and then will go 
 back to my reading." 
 
 Mr. Darricutt then gave his orders as fol- 
 lows : The boys were to go about among 
 the thickets till they found, on the margin 
 of one of them, a fir, or hemlock, or pine,
 
 THE FIRE-WHIPS. 269 
 
 with branches thick with foliage growing 
 , within reach from the ground, and were to 
 cut <?ff six such branches with the hatchet. 
 When they had procured these branches, 
 which Mr. Darricut called the fire-whips, 
 they were to bring them to the place where 
 the fire was to be built. 
 
 " To the camp," said Georgie, " we are 
 going to call it our camp." 
 
 " Yes, to the camp," said Mr. Darricutt. 
 " Lay two of them down upon the rock, in 
 a safe place, and keep the other four with you. 
 Two apiece for each. Then you must strike 
 a match and set fire to the grass to leeward." 
 
 " To leeward ?" repeated Georgie. Geor- 
 gie was not very well acquainted with nauti- 
 cal terms, and did not exactly know what 
 the phrase to leeward meant, as applied to 
 a piece of ground in a pasture, where a fire 
 was going to be built. 
 23*
 
 2/0 HUBERT. 
 
 "That means," said Mr. Darricutt, "the 
 side toward which the wind blows. They call 
 it at sea to leeward. The side from which the 
 wind blows is the windward side. You must 
 walk six paces to leeward from the place 
 where your fire is to be, which will be the 
 centre of your camp, and there make a fire 
 in the grass, and watch it while it burns. 
 You can set the fire in several places if you 
 please in a line across the direction of the 
 wind. The fires that you set will spread in 
 all directions until they come together, and 
 then they will tend to advance together 
 farther to leeward, but you must not let 
 them run in that direction. You must whip 
 out the blazing grass all along the line to 
 leeward, with your two fire-whips, one in 
 each hand. The fire will be inclined to 
 go fast in that direction, because the wind 
 will help it."
 
 ADVICE ABOUT FIRE. 2/1 
 
 " There is not much wind, anyhow," said 
 Hubert. 
 
 " True," replied Mr. Darricutt, " but what 
 there is will make the flames advance much 
 faster to leeward, while they will, creep along 
 very slowly to windward. If you find that 
 you cannot stop their progress to leeward 
 you must cry ' Fire !' and I'll come and help 
 you." 
 
 " Is that what the two extra fire-whips 
 are for ?" asked Georgie. 
 
 " Yes," replied Mr. Darricut, " and you 
 must leave them at "the camp, where I can 
 seize them at once, in case there should be 
 any alarm of fire." 
 
 Here Georgie began to caper about very 
 exultantly, in his excitement. He eagerly 
 hoped that the flames would spread so rap- 
 idly as to give occasion for an alarm of 
 fire.
 
 2/2 HUBERT. 
 
 " After you have entirely stopped the pro- 
 gress of the fire to leeward," continued Mr. 
 Darricut, " then all you will have to do is to 
 watch it as it creeps along slowly to wind- 
 ward, and at last, when you judge that it 
 has burned over a sufficiently large piece of 
 ground, you can easily stop it, by whipping 
 it out at the edges." 
 
 After giving the boys these instructions, 
 Mr. Darricutt turned away and went back 
 to his reading leaving them to go on with 
 their work, without the necessity of any 
 further interference from him, unless some- 
 thing should go wrong. They were pretty 
 sure to follow his directions implicitly, for 
 even Hubert himself, though he had never 
 seen Mr. Darricutt before that day, and had 
 been w r ith him then only a very short time, 
 had been already trained to obey him. It 
 takes very little to train a boy to a habit of
 
 STEADY GOVERNMENT. 2/3 
 
 obedience, provided that little is of the right 
 kind. 
 
 And it was a great deal better and more 
 satisfactory to Hubert and Georgie to have 
 the person who had charge of them firm, 
 decided, and even immovable in his man- 
 agement, so long as he was deliberate, con- 
 siderate and just, than to have him unde- 
 cided and capricious, arguing and discussing 
 questions with them, and allowing himself 
 to be finally persuaded, against his better 
 judgment, to yield a reluctant and moody 
 consent to their proposals, because he had 
 not firmness enough to stand his ground. 
 The most agreeable government to be un- 
 der for everybody, is one that is steady, 
 decided and firm, provided that it is con- 
 siderate and just, and the most unsatis- 
 factory and uncomfortable one, to all con- 
 cerned, is an authority that is weak and
 
 274 
 
 HUBERT. 
 
 vacillating, because it is hearty, deciding 
 first without reflection, and then easily in- 
 duced to alter its decisions by arguments 
 or importunity.
 
 CHAPTER XXIII. 
 An Alarm of Fire. 
 
 r I iHE boys followed the directions which 
 Mr. Darricutt had given them very 
 faithfully. They soon saw the reason for 
 his recommendation that they should look 
 for evergreen branches suitable for fire- 
 whips, as he called them, on the margins, 
 instead of in the interiors of the thickets, 
 as the branches of trees never grow thick 
 and full with foliage, except where they 
 are open to the sun and air. In a dense 
 wood accordingly, where everything ex- 
 cept the very tops of the trees is in the 
 shade, the limbs, if any grow, are thin, 
 
 (275)
 
 2/6 HUBERT. 
 
 slender and almost bare, and often nothing 
 but dead sticks are found branching out 
 from the trunk near the ground. Whereas, 
 on the margin of that same wood, perhaps, 
 all those limbs which branch off toward the 
 outside, where they have free access to the 
 sun and air, are heavy and rich with foliage, 
 sometimes down to within a short distance 
 of the ground. 
 
 The boys in a little time had procured the 
 proper number of fire-whips and carried 
 them to the camp. The next thing to do 
 was to find out which way the wind blew. 
 This was not very easy, for there was very 
 little wind in any direction. They lighted 
 a match and tried to observe which way the 
 smoke went ; but the indications obtained 
 by this means proved quite uncertain, for in 
 the first place there was very little smoke 
 produced, and' in the second place, that
 
 THE BIRCH BARK. 2/7 
 
 which did arise floated about so deviously 
 partly on account of the eddies produced in 
 the air by the shelter afforded by their own 
 bodies and it became, moreover, so entirely 
 dissipated before it ascended high enough 
 to be out of the influence of the eddies, that 
 they could come to no conclusion. 
 
 " Let us get a piece of birch bark," said 
 Georgie. " That will make a good thick 
 smoke." 
 
 " But if we set any birch bark on fire," 
 said Hubert ; <r - the pieces, all in a blaze, will 
 drop on the ground and set the grass on fire 
 in the wrong place." 
 
 " We can be careful and not let the pieces 
 fall," said Georgie. " And besides, William 
 won't blame us if the grass gets on fire in 
 the wrong place by accident." 
 
 " We had better not trust to that," said 
 Hubert, " but do exactly as he says." 
 24
 
 2/8 HUBERT. 
 
 After some farther consultation, however, 
 the boys concluded that by taking a single 
 sound strip of birch bark and winding it 
 round the end of a long stick, and holding 
 it up in the air over a place where there was 
 only bare rock, they could safely make a 
 smoke which would enable them to deter- 
 mine which way the wind was. So they 
 went into the woods to find a birch tree. 
 They soon succeeded. Indeed, they stripped 
 off several pieces of bark intending to pre- 
 serve all that they did not need for deter- 
 mining the question of the wind-, to use in 
 kindling their fire. 
 
 The plan worked very well. Hubert 
 made a cleft in the end of a pole and in- 
 serted one of the sheets of birch bark in it. 
 They then struck a light with a match, and 
 set th6 bark on fire. The flame spread 
 rapidly over it, and the heat, curling up the
 
 THE FIRES LIGHTED. 2/9 
 
 bark, caused it to cling more and more 
 closely to the pole the more fiercely it 
 burned, so that there was no danger of its 
 falling to the ground. Besides, Hubert took 
 pains to hold it over a place entirely bare of 
 herbage, so that even if fire had fallen from 
 it, no harm would have been done. 
 
 The flaming bark sent up as usual dense 
 volumes of smoke, which, as they floated 
 away through the air, showed very plainly 
 which way the wind was. So the boys mea 
 sured off the prescribed distance by pacing, 
 and then prepared to set fire to the grass. 
 
 " Let me have the match and light it," 
 said Hubert. 
 
 " No ; let me," rejoined Georgie. 
 
 It was finally agreed that they should 
 each take a match, and then, at a given 
 signal, that both should light a fire at the 
 same time. They had some difficulty at
 
 28O HUBERT. 
 
 first in making the fire catch in the grass. 
 It would blaze up for a moment, and then 
 as suddenly all die away. At length, how- 
 ever, a little breeze sprang up and the fire 
 began to spread. The boys then took pieces 
 of their birch bark, and lighting them at the 
 fires already kindled, laid them down, all 
 dazing, in other places, until at length they 
 had a place several yards in extent all in 
 flames. 
 
 " Now," said Georgie, " we must get our 
 fire-whips and stop it to leeward." 
 
 So he threw down the remaining pieces 
 of his bark upon a stone near by, and ran 
 for the fir branches. Hubert followed his 
 example, and both the boys began at once 
 whipping down the fire along the edge of 
 the burning grass to leeward. The breeze, 
 however, either stimulated at that spot by 
 the heat of the fire, or for some other cause,
 
 WHIPPING THE FIRE. 28 1 
 
 began to fan the flames more and more, and 
 the boys soon began to be greatly excited 
 with the fun of trying to whip it out. In- 
 deed, through the pleasure of seeing it burn- 
 ing, and the excitement of fighting it, they 
 soon began to get into a great frolic, and 
 went on whipping at random all about them, 
 first on one side and then on the other, laugh- 
 ing immoderately all the time. They did 
 not confine themselves at all to the margin 
 of the fire to leeward, which was all thai 
 really required any attention, but beat about 
 on this side and on that, wherever they saw 
 smoke or a blaze. 
 
 This continued for some time, and, of 
 course, all this while the fire was gradually 
 extending in all directions, and as the breeze 
 continued to rise, they began soon to feel 
 that they must be more in earnest if they 
 really wished to prevent the fire from get- 
 24*
 
 282 HUBERT. 
 
 ting entirely away from them. So they be- 
 gan to work more vigorously, but they were 
 still laughing so violently that they could 
 not work to much advantage. 
 
 " We can't stop it !" said Georgie. " Look ! 
 Look there behind you ! There's another 
 place out there ! And here's another ! We 
 must cry, Fire !" 
 
 So they both began to cry, " Fire !" as 
 well as they could for laughing, and for the 
 violent exertions they were making in beat- 
 ing about among the flames and embers. 
 
 As soon as he heard the call from the 
 boys, Mr. Darricutt laid down his book and 
 walked toward them, moving, however, in 
 his usual cool and deliberate manner. He 
 took one of the two branches which had been 
 reserved for him, and then said to the 
 boys that they might stand a little on one 
 side, out of the smoke, and rest them-
 
 WHIPPING THE FIRE. 283 
 
 selves, while he stopped the progress of 
 the fire. 
 
 So he went forward entirely in advance 
 of the line of fire to leeward, and then be- 
 gan to whip out first one and then another 
 of the projecting points of flame which were 
 creeping forward in advance of the rest, 
 leaving all the fires on that part of the 
 ground which was already run over, to 
 burn themselves out as they would. He 
 met all the other advancing points as they 
 came one after another to the front, and 
 stopped them, and thus effectually pre- 
 vented any further progress in any part. 
 He was careful, too, to strike his blows in 
 such a manner as to brush back the burning 
 grass and leaves toward the ground which 
 had already been burnt over, instead of 
 scattering them in every direction, as the 
 boys had done. In this way the progress
 
 284 HUBERT. 
 
 of the flames in the direction toward which 
 the wind was blowing was entirely arrested, 
 and Mr. Darricutt had nothing to do but to 
 stand quietly by, and keep watching the 
 margin, ready to give a little pat with his 
 bough upon any new flame which might 
 spring up on the line. 
 
 " That is a great deal the best way to do 
 it," said Georgie. 
 
 " Best for me," said Mr. Darricutt, " but 
 perhaps not for you." 
 
 " I think it is the best way for anybody," 
 said Georgie. 
 
 " That depends upon what their object is," 
 said Mr. Darricutt. * " Your object was to 
 have a frolic, and that was all right. My 
 object was to stop the fire. Your way is 
 the best for having a frolic, and mine the 
 best for stopping the fire. I think that on the 
 whole you succeeded quite as well as I did."
 
 CHAPTER XXIV. 
 A Chemistry Lesson. 
 
 ~T~TTHEN the fire was stopped on the lee- 
 ward side, there was no difficulty in 
 controlling it in its progress to windward. 
 So Mr. Darricutt left the boys to manage it 
 by themselves, telling them that they could 
 make it a serious business, or a frolic, which- 
 ever would amuse them most, and went 
 back to his reading. 
 
 " Let's make it a serious business," said 
 Georgie, " I'm tired of the frolic." 
 
 Hubert agreed to this, and in a short time 
 the boys had quite a large piece of ground 
 burnt over, extending on every side from
 
 286 HUBERT. 
 
 the place where they had determined to 
 make the camp fire. They then proceeded 
 to make the fire, gathering sticks from all 
 the thickets around, and bringing them to 
 the spot. As soon as they had got the fire 
 kindled, they went off after more fuel, and 
 when they came back with their load, Hu- 
 bert set himself at work cutting, or rather 
 breaking up, the sticks with his hatchet, for 
 many of them were too long to be used con- 
 veniently for the fire. But he did not suc- 
 ceed very well, for he could not hold the 
 sticks still enough on the ground, the only 
 way of doing it being to press them down 
 with his foot when cutting them. While the 
 boys were employed in this way they heard 
 Mr. Darricutt call them. They looked to- 
 ward him, and he pointed to quite a large, 
 though short log, which was lying near some 
 rocks at some distance from their fire.
 
 THE CHOPPING-BLOCK. 28/ 
 
 " There is a big log out there by those 
 rocks," said he. "Go and see if you can't 
 roll it to your fire." 
 
 " Ah, but that log won't do for us," re- 
 plied Georgie. " It is a great deal too big." 
 
 " Demurring," said Mr. Darricutt, quietly, 
 and then at once resumed his reading. 
 
 " Let's go and get it," said Hubert, speak- 
 ing in an undertone to Georgie. 
 
 So the boys went off to get the log, and 
 after a time, though with considerable diffi- 
 culty, they succeeded in rolling it up near 
 to the fire. When they began to draw near, 
 and had stopped for a moment to rest, Mr. 
 Darricutt called to them, saying, 
 
 " When you get it into the camp, Hubert 
 can use one end of it for a chopping-block, 
 and you can then have it for a seat." 
 
 The boys looked down for a moment at 
 the log, and then Georgie said,
 
 288 HUBERT. 
 
 " Yes, it will be excellent to use it in that 
 way. I did not think of that. I thought he 
 meant that we were to put it on our fire for 
 a back log." 
 
 " Or for a forestick," suggested Hu- 
 bert. 
 
 " Yes, or for a forestick," said Georgie, 
 " but I knew that would not do." 
 
 So Georgie, as boys very often do, al- 
 though he had been shown to be mistaken 
 and in the wrong, claimed a triumph by in- 
 geniously contriving a way of making him- 
 self out to have been in the right. 
 
 In the meantime Mr. Darricutt went on 
 reading quietly, while the boys were occu- 
 pied in completing their arrangements at 
 the fire. At length he went over to make 
 them a visit. 
 
 " We like the log very much," said Hu- 
 bert.
 
 CHEMISTRY. 289 
 
 " I'm glad of it," said Mr. Darricutt, " and 
 your fire burns very well." 
 
 The boys assented to this, and said that 
 they were having a very good time, and 
 that they were very much obliged to Mr 
 Darricutt for coming with them. He said 
 he liked to go anywhere with boys that, 
 like Hubert and Georgie obeyed him im- 
 plicitly in all that he directed. 
 
 " I like to go on such a campaign as this," 
 he added, " when I have my troops perfectly 
 under command." 
 
 Mr. Darricutt added, that he was having 
 a good time, too, on his own account ; for 
 he found his book, at the part where he was 
 reading, very interesting indeed. 
 
 Hubert then asked him what chemistry 
 was about. He said it was about the differ- 
 ent kinds of substances of which all things 
 vrere composed, and the changes which took 
 25
 
 2QO HUBERT. 
 
 place, when they were combined in different 
 ways. 
 
 " Do you know what the difference is be- 
 tween chemical action and mechanical ac- 
 tion ?" asked Mr. Darricutt. 
 
 The boys said they did not. 
 
 " Then I'll tell you," said Mr. Darricutt, 
 " and so you will have a lesson in chemis- 
 try." 
 
 Mr. Darricutt then went on to explain 
 that when two bodies or two substances 
 come together so as to act upon each other 
 in any way, while yet each retained its own 
 nature and its own properties, it was me- 
 chanical action ; but when they combined 
 in such a way as to form new substances 
 which were of a different nature, and had 
 different properties from those that either 
 had before, it was chemical action. 
 
 " If you mix peas and beans together," he
 
 CHEMISTRY. 29! 
 
 said, " in a basket or bowl, and shake or stir 
 them so as to mingle them ever so inti- 
 mately, they will be peas and beans still, 
 without any change in their nature. It will 
 be the same with smaller things, as, for in- 
 stance, mustard-seed and poppy-seed. You 
 may mix them so completely that one can- 
 not hardly tell by the eye that there were 
 two kinds of seeds in the bowl. Still, each 
 seed would retain its own properties un- 
 changed. You may have the things to be 
 mixed smaller still, as, for instance, particles 
 of sugar and of water. These particles are 
 so small that not even a microscope can dis- 
 tinguish them. But if you dissolve sugar in 
 water the particles will not be changed at 
 all in character ; they will only be mixed. 
 There will be a particle of sugar and a parti- 
 cle of water by the side of it, that is all. The 
 sugar will be sugar, and the water will be
 
 HUBERT. 
 
 water, just as before, and it is easy to get 
 them all separated again so as to get back 
 the sugar and the water pure as they were 
 before they were mixed. All these are 
 called mechanical changes. They are merely 
 changes in the place and arrangement of 
 the substances, and not at all a change in 
 their nature." 
 
 Mr. Darricutt went on to explain in this 
 way, that sometimes when two substances 
 are brought together they combine in such 
 a manner as to change their nature entirely. 
 If, for example, you pour water upon chalk, 
 or upon whiting which is a kind of chalk 
 in the bottom of a cup, and mix them to- 
 gether, nothing will be changed. You will 
 have only particles of chalk and particles of 
 water lying side by side in the cup. But if 
 you pour vinegar upon chalk, and mix them 
 together, it will be very different. They
 
 CHEMISTRY. 293 
 
 will both change their nature entirely, or 
 rather, new substances will be formed of 
 quite different nature from either of them. 
 There will be no more vinegar or chalk in 
 the cup, but new substances very different. 
 One of these substances will be a kind of air 
 or gas, and will go off in little bubbles, and 
 the rest, that is, what remains in the cup 
 will not be vinegar or water, but something 
 different from either. 
 
 " I mean to try it," said Hubert. 
 
 " We'll try it together," said Georgie. 
 
 " That will be a very good plan," replied 
 Mr. Darricutt. 
 
 " Now, the burning of wood," added Mr. 
 Darricutt, " is a chemical process. The air 
 and the wood come together in the fire, and 
 certain substances in the air and certain 
 others in the wood unite and form new sub- 
 stances entirely different. Some of these 
 25*
 
 294 HUBERT. 
 
 go off in the smoke, and some remain in the 
 ashes. Now my book teaches me about all 
 such things as those." 
 
 " Then I think that, perhaps, I should like 
 it," said Hubert. 
 
 " Perhaps you would," said Mr. Darricutt. 
 " At any rate, I have given you a lesson in 
 chemistry by what I have told you, and in 
 making your fire you are making a chemical 
 experiment. So when you go home, and 
 anybody asks you where you have been, 
 and what you have been doing this after- 
 noon, you can either tell them that you 
 have been studying chemistry and making 
 a chemical experiment, or that you have 
 been down in the woods talking with me 
 and building a fire."
 
 CHAPTER XXV. 
 A Successful Expedition. 
 
 r 1 1HE boys after this said that they were 
 going down to a brook near by, to get 
 some sand to cover their potatoes with in 
 the fire, instead of ashes. 
 
 " Very well," said Mr. Darricutt. " Only 
 if anything detains you, then come back and 
 report to me in about a quarter of an hour." 
 
 " But we shall not be gone five minutes," 
 said Georgie. " We are only going to get 
 a pailful of sand to cover up our potatoes 
 with." 
 
 So saying, Georgie held up a small tin 
 pail which they had brought in their bas-
 
 296 HUBERT. 
 
 ket, with some of their provisions in it, and 
 which they were now going to take to bring 
 their sand in. 
 
 " You may possibly find something to 
 attract your attention and so get detained," 
 said Mr. Darricutt. " If so, do not remain 
 longer than fifteen minutes, as near as you 
 can judge, without coming to report to 
 me." 
 
 So saying, Mr. Darricutt returned to his 
 seat and to his reading, and the boys ran off 
 down the path which led to the little brook. 
 
 Mr. Darricutt was right in anticipating 
 the possibility that the boys might find 
 something to detain them, for ten minutes 
 or more passed away and they did not ap- 
 pear. 
 
 " They have found something or other, I 
 suppose," said Mr. Darricutt to himself; "a 
 bird s nest, perhaps, or some polliwogs in
 
 THE FOX'S HOLE. 297 
 
 the water ; or, perhaps, a crooked stick that 
 they think is an eel." 
 
 At length, at the end of about fifteen min- 
 utes, Georgie appeared at the head of the 
 path, where it emerged from the thicket, 
 and called out to Mr. Darricutt. 
 
 " William," said he, " we've found a fox's 
 hole, and we are going to dig the old fox out." 
 
 " All right," said Mr. Darricutt. 
 
 " Can we stay longer ?" asked Georgie. 
 
 " Fifteen minutes more," said Mr. Darri- 
 cutt, " and then come and report. But 
 what are you going to do for shovels ?" 
 
 " Hubert has made two very good ones," 
 replied Georgie, " out of a piece of wood 
 that he split up into thin flat pieces." 
 
 " All right !" said Mr. Darricutt. 
 
 Georgie then ran down the path again 
 and disappeared. 
 
 After the lapse of some little time he ap-
 
 298 HUBERT. 
 
 peared again. As soon as he came within 
 hearing he asked whether it was a quarter of 
 an hour yet. Mr. Darricutt said he thought 
 it was about that, and asked him if they had 
 dug out the fox. 
 
 " No," said Georgie. " We found after 
 we had dug in a little way that it was an 
 old hole, and so we gave it up. But we 
 have made us a splendid Indian wigwam, 
 and wish that you would come down and 
 see it" 
 
 " That I'll do with pleasure," said Mr. 
 Darricutt. " I should like to see an Indian 
 wigwam very much." 
 
 So he rose from his seat and accompanied 
 Georgie down to the brook. There they 
 found what Georgie called the wigwam, 
 which was a simple booth made by leaning 
 poles and boughs of trees against the up- 
 turned roots of a fallen tree.
 
 A SENSIBLE CONCLUSION. 299 
 
 " We wanted very much to make a fire in 
 our wigwam," said Georgie, " but we con- 
 cluded that you would not be willing." 
 
 " That was a very sensible conclusion that 
 you came to," said Mr. Darricutt. " But it 
 is a very nice wigwam. 1 don't wonder that 
 you would have liked a fire in it. Very 
 likely that when I was as old as you, Geor- 
 gie, if 1 had built such a wigwam, and had 
 had any matches, I should have made a fire 
 in it at once, without stopping to think of 
 the possible consequences. But you are 
 a more sensible boy it seems than I was at 
 your age." 
 
 " It was Hubert who said it would not 
 do," said Georgie, not willing to take 
 to himself credit that did not belong to 
 him. 
 
 " It is generous in you to say so," replied 
 Mr. Darricutt, " but still I believe you would
 
 300 HUBERT. 
 
 have had sense enough to see it yourself, if 
 he had not told you." 
 
 " I suppose our fire at the camp is all out 
 before this time," said Hubert. 
 
 " No," replied Mr. Darricutt. " I put it 
 together myself a little while ago, so that 
 you will find it burning." 
 
 This is what Mr. Darricutt had done. 
 When the boys built the fire, they laid a 
 great many sticks upon it that were so long 
 that the ends extended out quite far on each 
 side. At first Hubert tried to cut all these 
 long sticks up into short ones, using the end 
 of the log for a chopping-block. This he 
 could do very well with the sticks that were 
 somewhat decayed, and consequently brittle. 
 But those which were sound and yet dry, 
 were very hard to cut ; for wood, in being 
 dried, shrinks and becomes condensed, which 
 makes it much harder and tougher than it
 
 A NEW STOCK OF FUEL. 30! 
 
 was before. So Hubert soon gave up the 
 attempt to cut the sticks and poles of this 
 kind, but laid them at full length on the fire, 
 the ends extending equally in both direc- 
 tions. 
 
 After a while, of course, the fire burned out 
 the middle of the pile so made, thus dividing 
 all the sticks in two : and it would then have 
 
 
 
 gone out, had it not been that Mr. Darricutt 
 had taken up the ends, and laid them over 
 the hot coals in the centre again, thus sup- 
 plying the fire with a new stock of fuel. 
 
 After Mr. Darricutt had seen the wigwam 
 and was about to return, the boys, finding 
 that the pleasure to be derived from a wig- 
 wam consisted in the making of it, and that 
 "there was not much to be done with it after 
 it was once made, concluded to go back with 
 Mr. Darricutt to the fire. And when they 
 
 reached the fire, and had pushed the sticks 
 26
 
 302 HUBERT. 
 
 together a little, and made a fresh blaze, and 
 talked with Mr. Darricutt a little more, they 
 concluded that they did not care much about 
 the cooking after all. Mr. Darricutt said it 
 was time for him to go home, but that they 
 might stay and play at their fire, or go with 
 him, just as they pleased. It was safe for 
 them to stay and keep up their fire, he said, 
 since all the ground near it had been burnt 
 over. 
 
 The boys concluded that they would go 
 home. So they pulled the fire to pieces and 
 extinguished the brands by dashing upon 
 them handfuls of the wet sand which they 
 had brought up from the brook in the pail, 
 and then replacing their provisions in the 
 pail and in the basket, they set out together . 
 on their return. 
 
 " This expedition has been a failure," said 
 Georgie.
 
 A GREAT SUCCESS. 303 
 
 " On the contrary," replied Mr. Darricutt, 
 " it" has been a great success. We did not 
 come out particularly to roast potatoes, but 
 for exercise and recreation, and to have a 
 good time. I am sure I've had a good time." 
 
 " And I, too," said Hubert. 
 
 " And I, too," said Georgie.
 
 CHAPTER XXVI. 
 Cone his ion. 
 
 ~T~ HOPE that those boys who may read 
 this book will take notice of and under- 
 stand the principles of management by 
 which Mr. Darricutt was governed in the 
 treatment of Hubert and Georgie on this 
 occasion, and will remember them, so that 
 when they grow up to be eighteen or twenty 
 years of age, and have younger boys put 
 temporarily under their charge, they may 
 act in the same way. These principles were 
 two. 
 
 i. Great strictness and firmness in requir- 
 ing the most prompt and unquestioning obe- 
 
 (34)
 
 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT. 305 
 
 dience to your commands in all cases re- 
 quiring the exercise of authority, and at the 
 same time, 
 
 2. Extreme indulgence and freedom from 
 restraint, in all cases where the exercise of 
 authority is not required. 
 
 Many persons situated as he was, when 
 the boys made objections to anything which 
 he commanded, would have answered the 
 objections, and begun to argue the case 
 with them, instead of simply saying, " De- 
 murring," as he did, thus refusing to allow 
 them to make any objections at all. On the 
 other hand, when the boys proposed to dig 
 out the fox, some persons would have at- 
 tempted to dissuade them from the attempt 
 by telling them that it was foolish to do it, 
 that there was probably no fox there, and 
 that if there was, it was not at all likely that 
 they could dig him out with such shovels 
 26*
 
 306 HUBERT. 
 
 as Hubert could hew out of a piece of wood 
 with his hatchet, or that they had come 
 down there to roast some potatoes and ap- 
 ples at the fire, and that they evinced only 
 fickleness in leaving one undertaking unfin- 
 ished and engaging in something else, as 
 if changing from one thing to another, un- 
 der the impulse of momentary feeling or, 
 caprice if you choose to call it so was not 
 one of the special charms of playing. 
 
 You must remember when you grow up, 
 that as grown people now are not good 
 judges of what will amuse you, so you, 
 when }^ou are grown, will not be able to 
 judge well as to what will amuse them. 
 You must, accordingly, give them the larg- 
 est possible indulgence in respect even to 
 their caprices in playing, so long as what 
 they wish to do is not hurtful to themselves 
 or others ; but then you must be firm and
 
 WONDERFUL IMPROVEMENT. 307 
 
 immovable though in kind and gentle 
 ways in requiring immediate and strict 
 obedience to your authority whenever you 
 feel it necessary to exercise it. Issue orders 
 and prohibitions as little as possible but 
 when you do command or forbid, insist on 
 being obeyed. 
 
 Under the influence to which Hubert was 
 subjected in Juno's school and in his hours 
 of play with Georgie, he soon recovered 
 from the discouragement which had weighed 
 upon him in respect to his studies, when he 
 first came to live with his aunt. His aunt 
 observed the wonderful improvement which 
 he made, but she attributed it altogether to 
 the influence of her counsels and instruc- 
 tions, and to the various incidental benefits 
 resulting from his residing in her family. 
 She candidly admitted, however, that Juno 
 was, on the whole, quite a nice person, and
 
 308 HUBERT. 
 
 succeeded very well in teaching the elemen- 
 tary branches. 
 
 The reader, in closing the book, after fin- 
 ishing the perusal of it, may say to himself 
 that the Juno of these volumes is a fictitious 
 character. In one sense she is, and another 
 she is not. There are a great many Juno's 
 in the humble walks of real life, all patiently 
 and faithfully fulfilling their duties in the 
 manner and on the principles here explained 
 and yet as little understood and appreci- 
 ated by many of those around them, as their 
 representative in these volumes was by H u- 
 bert and Aunt Cornelia. But they do not 
 feel much the want of this consideration. 
 They have their reward. 
 
 THE END.
 
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 . o 85 
 
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 interesting t,ltvre of the Swiss Reforma- 
 tion, and che homely virtues and sterling 
 piety and honesty, earnestness and devotion 
 of the reformers, as displayed in these pages, 
 are calculated to leave a healthy and profit- 
 able impression on the reader's mind." 
 The Standard. 
 
 " In the shape of a very fascinating story 
 the dawn of the Swiss Reformation is here 
 portrayed, previous to the advent of Calvin. 
 More charming than romance, this story is 
 more satisfying and ennobling. It ought to 
 be in ai) the Sunday- School libraries in the 
 land." S. S. Times. 
 
 " Resting on a solid basis of fact, the 
 events of those times are described in an 
 attractive narrative." Round Table. 
 
 f-aul and Margaret, the 
 
 Inebriate's Children. By H. K. 
 P., author of " The Kempton's," 
 " The Orphan's Triumphs," &c. 
 i6mo. Three illustrations, $i oo 
 
 "A most instructive temperance tale. It 
 takes ihe reader into the dreary home of the 
 drunkard, and shows him an oppressed wife 
 and suffering children. The young man be- 
 came a soldier ; was wounded and taken to 
 the hospital. His sister made a long journey, 
 to be in the hospital with her brother. Both 
 acted nobly. The inebriate father died. 
 Then the mother and her children were 
 happily reunited in the comforts of home." 
 Christian Advocate. 
 
 "A temperance story of the very best 
 kind. A better book for the Sunday School 
 has not visited us th : s long time." c S. 
 Timei. 
 
 The Orphan's Triumphs 
 
 Or, The Story of i.ily and Harry 
 Grant. By H. K. P., author of 
 "Paul and Margaret," "The 
 Kempton's," &c. 161110. Three 
 illustrations, . . . . $i 25 
 "All books written for Sabbath- School 
 libraries have not the same merit as this. 
 Lily Grant, the sweet sister of Harry, was 
 the daughter of a clergyman, who, dying 
 when she was quite small, left her to the 
 care of a delicate, yet patient and loving 
 mother, whose short life of uncomplaining 
 suffering left its impress upc% the daughter's 
 mind, and whose blessed teachings followed 
 her through life. Taken into a wealthy fam- 
 ily, she was loved by all except one self- 
 willed, imperious little girl, whose hatred of 
 her arose from the strong contrast she saw 
 existed between herself and the little or- 
 phan. But the sweet Lily conouers in the 
 end, and Belle is won to the love of Tesus, 
 and becomes her firm and faithfui friend. A 
 sweet story, and one we cheerfully recom- 
 merd to Sabbath Schoo's and families." 
 J. C. Monthly Chronicle. 
 
 Oriental and Sacred 
 
 Scenes. From Notes and Travel 
 in Greece, Turkey, and Palestine 
 With valuable illustrations som 
 of them beautifully colored. By 
 Fisher Howe. A new edition 
 
 l6mo., $J 50 
 
 The author's motive was "the hope ot 
 usefulness to teachers of Sabbath-School and 
 Bible Classes ;" and it is to them, as well as 
 to all desiring a concise, available, and inter- 
 esting account of the Holy Land, that this 
 beautiful volume is recommended. The new 
 edition is issued at a reduced jiiire, to bring 
 it within the reach of Sabbath- School Li- 
 braries, &c. 
 
 " Mr. Howe's sketches, bv their brevity 
 and popu'.ir interest, will attract the mass oi 
 Bible readers more even than the elaborate 
 researches of Robinson aiid Smith." your. 
 of Commerce.
 
 JUVENILE AND SUNDAY SCHOOL BOOKS. 
 
 Sovereigns of the Bible. 
 
 By E. R. Steel. With illumina- 
 ted title and many illustrations. 
 i6mo., beautifully bound, $i 50 
 
 The scattered facts in the Lives of the 
 Kings of _ Israel and Jmlah are skilfully 
 arranged in one continuous narrative, true 
 to life as given in the Sacred Record, and 
 useful to those who would gain a clear and 
 continuous view of the Bible Kings and 
 their times. 
 
 It is a valuable book for the Sunday- 
 School Library- 6". S. Times. 
 
 Elsie Dinsmore. By 
 
 Martha Farquhars-on, author of 
 " Allan's Fault," etc. i6mo, il- 
 lustrated $i 25 
 
 A beautiful and instructive story, in which 
 the jipwer of true piety in a very young 
 child is admirably exhibited in a series of 
 trials which, though severe and unusual, 
 are not beyond the limits of probability. 
 A tfi. Presbyterian. 
 
 Elsie is environed with besetments and 
 trials, but is singularly faithful through 
 /hem all, and gives promise by her sweet- 
 ness of character to be the means of saving 
 others. The sequel of this story will be 
 eagerly looked for, as it closes at a very 
 interesting point in the narrative. It is a 
 charming book, and will give increased 
 popularity to the authoress. Phila. Home 
 Journal. 
 
 The Clifford Household. 
 
 By the awthor of " Independence 
 True and False," etc. i6mo, 
 illustrated I 25 
 
 A tale illustrating the power of the reli- 
 gion of Christ in strengthening a gentle 
 shrinking girl for the performance of diffi- 
 cult duties and the endurance of severe 
 trials, and the power of the sams religion 
 in crushing and subduing a proud, imperi- 
 ous nature so t'nat it bows at last to the 
 rule of Christ. The story is well told. 
 Presbyterian. 
 
 The story is well told, and the spirit 
 xnd lessons of the narrative are pure and 
 evangelical. A m. Presbyterian. 
 
 \ lifelike picture of home scenes. No 
 fancy sketch ; no exaggeration ; no perfecT; 
 characters ; no angels ; but men, women, 
 and children, as we find them in everyday 
 b!i&. -Springfield L'.ti**. 
 
 The Finland Fami y; or 
 
 Fancies taken from Facls. A 
 Tale of the Past for the Present 
 By Mrs. Susan Peyton Cormvell. 
 i6mo , 3 illustrations. . $i 25 
 
 This excellent story has be^n so long 
 out of print as to be new to the present 
 generation of readers. " Its aim is to show 
 the folly of a superstitious belief in signs 
 and omens. It is full of the gentlest and 
 sweetest sympathies, and at the same time 
 commends the cu'ture of the firmest and 
 most steadfast principles." Chn. Intel- 
 ligencer. 
 
 Holidays at Roseiands . 
 
 with some After Scenes in Elsie's 
 Life. A Sequel to Elsie Dins- 
 more. By Martha Farquharson. 
 i6mo, illustrated . . . $i 50 
 
 Elsie is here brought through various 
 trials and a severe and nearly fatal sick- 
 ness to full enjoyment of her father's, affec- 
 tion, and the happiness of seeing him a 
 humble follower of her Divine Master. 
 The story is even more intensely interest- 
 ing than in the first^ part, as with added 
 years Elsie's character becomes more 
 natural and mature. No reader of Elsie 
 Dinsmore should fail to follow her story to 
 its happy completion in this sequel. 
 
 The Brownings. A Tale 
 
 of the Great Rebellion. By J. 
 G. Fuller, i-vol. i6mo, illus- 
 trated 075 
 
 A deeply interesting story of the trials 
 and sufferings of a Union family in the late 
 war. The scene is 'aid on the banks of 
 the St. Mary's, which separates Geoigia 
 from Florida. Impressive lessons, moraV 
 and religious, as well as patriotic, are con 
 veyed through the medium of the story. 
 
 Lucy Lee, or All Things 
 
 for Christ. By J. G. Fuller 
 i6mo, illustrated . . . I oc 
 
 "This," says the National Baptist 
 "is one of the few that we would like t 
 have in every Sunday School library. I 
 is written by one who knows the value 01 
 experimental religion, and to whom th< 
 service of God is a fountain of unceasinj 
 joy." 
 
 The two above volumes were formerly 
 bound in one and called " The Brow 
 injjs."
 
 Dodd & Mead's Catalogue. 
 
 MIMPRISS. GOSPEL TREASURY AND TREAi 
 URY HARMONY OF THE FOUR EVANGE 
 LISTS: having the Text in parallel columns. With Scrip- 
 ture Illustrations, Praftical Reflexions, and Addend? 
 Geographical, Biographical, Topographical, Historical, and 
 Critical, illustrating manners, customs, opinions, and local- 
 ities of the Sacred Narrative, with analytical and historical 
 tables, and a very copious index : also a chart, with every 
 event numbered and localized. ]5y ROBERT MIMPRISS. 
 Crown 8vo., over 900 pp. Cloth extra, red edges, . $3 50 
 Quarto edition, large type, cloth extra, .... 9 oo 
 
 It will be found to supply an amount and kind of information not 
 found in any other volume, and to fill an unoccupied place in the 
 literature of Bible Helps. Its value to Sunday-school teachers and 
 private students of the Bible especially, is inestimable. 
 
 The Harmony is according to Greswell, and in the words of the athorized 
 
 version. 
 
 An important feature is the arrangement of the Four Evangelists in parallel 
 columns, and in juxtaposition. This is carried out with great minuteness, giving 
 a comparison of verses and lines, and even words for consultation at sight. The 
 arrangement also admits of the Harmony being read. as a continuous narrative. 
 
 The Notes hare been carefully selected from the best sources. 
 
 The Geographical nonces are from the most reliable authorities. 
 
 The A ddcnda supply a great variety of matter for consultation, illustrating th 
 text. 
 
 The Scripture Illustrations are very full, and are calculated to lead to an 'Mtel- 
 ligcnt knowledge of the Old and New Testaments. 
 
 " It is not easy to state in a few words the merits of this extraordinary book'. To 
 say that it is useful, excellent, valuable, and the like, is tame, and far below its 
 merits. It is in all respefts a most unusual book, and the labor in its preparation 
 mast have been immense. It is in Its own department without a parallel in the 
 language, and stands many degrees at the head of its class." Primitive Church 
 Magazine, England. 
 
 " For us who have so earnestly approved the work, and urged it upon the at**n- 
 lion of Sunday-school teachers, it is quite unnecessary to add another word. It 
 ranks among the very first companions of the Bible in bible study. It is a con- 
 densed commentary of commentaries, a right-hand helper in the preparation of New- 
 Testament lessons." S. S. Times. 
 
 " No circulation can ever repay in money value the time expended on it. Should 
 I ev;r be permitted to go over the same ground again, I expeifl to derive gre 4 . 
 assistance from it." Rev. James Hamilton, D.D. 
 
 " The Gospel Treasury prepared by Robert Mimpriss I consider one of the most 
 valuable helps to a Sunday-school teacher that I have ever seen." Rev. Stejttuit 
 If. Tyng, D.D. 
 
 "Anything like an adequate idea of the immense amount of information upon 
 the New Testament incorporated within the compass of this handsome volvme, it 
 is difficult to convfty. Within its portable compass we find matter compressed 
 i; fficient to fill ter rdinary demy octavos." Su'i lay-School Teacher's Magagr'tu.
 
 T 
 
 Dodd & Mead's Catalogue. 
 The Mimpriss Graded Uniform Lesson Series. 
 
 HE LIFE OF CHRIST. Harmonized from the Four 
 Evangelists. A Sunday-School Lesson-Book, in THREE 
 GRADES Grade First, for the Younger Classes ; Grade 
 Second, for Children ; Grade Third, for Youth. 
 In boards, each Grade, . . 0.20 ; $18.00 per hundred. 
 In Paper, " " . . $0.15; $13.00 per hundred. 
 
 TEACHERS' MANUAL For the First, Second, and 
 Third Grades. 
 
 Containing Map, Questions, Explanations, Geographical 
 and other information, and an Introduction explaining the 
 System, and showing How TO TEACH. i8mo. 
 In cloth, each Grade, .... $0.60 ; $6.50 per dozen. 
 In Boards," " .... $o.4o ; $4.25 per dozen- 
 
 Fourth or Bible Class Grade. 
 
 STUDIES ON THE GOSPEL HARMONY. Con- 
 taining Suggestive Questions, Scripture Illustrations, 
 Practical Lessons, Exercises in Supplemental Narrative, 
 and Christ our Example. With Chart. Revised and 
 Cheaper Edition. i6mo, board. . 0,40 $4.25 per dozen. 
 To Accompany the Fourth Grade. 
 
 THE GOSPELS IN HARMONY. Having the Text of 
 the Four Evangelists in parallel columns, with Notes, 
 References and Chart. 
 
 - Pocket Edition, small type, paper, 0.60 ; cloth, 0.75 
 i6mo " larger " " 1.25 
 
 This volume is an almost indispensable accompaniment to the STUDIES ON THB 
 HARMONY. Both editions have the Life of Christ entire, and furnish the text for 
 the whole 100 lessons, and thus accompany the second as well as the first volume 
 of the Studies. 
 
 THE GOSPEL TREASURY (see next page) is the 
 TEACHER'S MANUAL for the Fourth Grade. 
 
 years' Course. The Lesson Books and Manuals, as above, contain Fifty 
 Lessons, leaving a Second Volume to complete the Course. 
 
 N.B. The Second Volume will be published in April, uniform in price and 
 style with the -various Grades of the First Volume.
 
 Dodd & Mead's Catalogue. 
 The Mimpriss Graded Uniform Lesson Series 
 
 Teachers' Helps accompanying the System. 
 
 For fuller descriptions see Catalogue pages 14 and 15. 
 
 THE GOSPEL TREASURY AND TREASURY HAR- 
 MONY OF THE FOUR EVANGELISTS. With Notes, 
 Practical Reflections, Geographical Notices, Copious Index, Map, 
 &c., &c. Crown 8vo., cloth extra, ........ $3 50 
 
 This invaluable Teacher's Help is especially useful to teachers of this system, 
 and should be in the hand? of all who can afford to own a copy. It is divided into 
 one hundred sections, corresponding with the one hundred lessons, and supplies, in 
 one compact volume, just the material needed in preparing the lesson. 
 
 npHE PATH OF JESUS. With cloth back, folded for the 
 J_ Pocket, ................ $o 20 
 
 - For the Wall, mounted on rollers, size 4x5 feet, . 7 oo 
 
 This Chart is the same as that in the Lesson-Books, Manuals, &c., but on 
 larger scales. The pocket size is large enough for class use. The wall size should 
 be owned by every school studying the system, and will be found an invaluable aid 
 to tils superintendent or pastor in addressing the school upon the lesson. 
 
 nnHE STEPS OF JESUS. With Chart. iSmo., cloth, $o 75 
 JL " " Pocket edition, cloth, flexible, 35 
 
 This volume is in the precise words of the authorized version, but arranged to 
 read as a continuous narrative. It may be used to great advantage as a reading 
 book for classes studying the life of Christ, and is especially adapted as a reward 01 
 prespn 1 . for such 
 
 PICTURES OF OUR LORD'S LIFE, in 
 
 V_T nological Order. From Original Drawings by Wm. Brough. 
 Part First. 50 Cards. In a Packet ....... o 35 
 
 These pictures are especially designed for the infant and younger classes. There 
 is a card for each lesson, having, in addition to the picture, the text of the lesson 
 printed on the back, with brief questions, &c. They will be found a very dosiral>h 
 accompaniment to the First Grade Lesson Book.
 
 Dodd & Mead's Catalogue. 
 
 By the Author of "The Schonberg-Cotta Family." 
 
 X T WATCHWORDS FOR THE WARFARE OF LIFE. 
 
 From Dr. MARTIN LUTHER. Translated and arranged 
 
 by the Author of the Schonberg-Cotta Family. i2mo. 
 
 Elegantly printed on tinted paper. Cloth. Extra bevelled 
 
 boards, $i 75 
 
 "An appreciative mind has explored the rich storehouse of 
 Luther's writing, and gathered with loving hand the most valuable 
 gems, and has so arranged them that each cluster reflects some 
 phase or event of his actual life." These selections are most sug- 
 gestively arranged under appropriate headings. The Author calls 
 it " a most appropriate pendant to the Schonberg-Cotta Family." 
 
 "We have learned mere cf Luther's personal history from the ana in this 
 volume than from the most labored biography." rhila. Press. 
 
 " We cannot help thinking that this is the most valuable of the works of the 
 Author, as it is certainly as interesting as any. It gives us a better idea than 
 volumes o r history can of Jie strength, and vigor, and originality of Luther's 
 mind." Young Men's Qiu-rterly. 
 
 ' They show us the heart of the great Christian warrior in the midst of his 
 warfare. Those relating to the death of his little daughter, Magdalena, are won- 
 derfully beautiful and touching." S. X Tituss. 
 
 T^HE SONG WITHOUT WORDS. Leaves from a 
 J- very old book, dedicated to Children. By the author of 
 the Schonberg-Cotta Family. Beautifully illustrated, and 
 exquisitely printed and bound. Square i6mo. . . o 75 
 'A truly wonderful little allegory, in which a solitary child by the 
 ea hears the song without words of the natural objects around him, 
 which are described in the most charming manner, and finally dis- 
 covers the words through the aid of his sister, wrecked and thrown 
 ishore near his lonely sea-side home." 
 
 "This little story for children reads like a tender and exquisite poem. It is at 
 once a fairy tale, a lesson of pure religion, and a charming sea-idyl in prose." In- 
 dependent. 
 
 " This is a sweet litile allegory, poetical in its prose, and heavenly in its teachings." 
 Indi.innfolis State Journal. 
 
 " It is b:autifully printed and illustrated, and the story, which is written in thni 
 sample yet elegant style which in former works has gained the author so many d 
 mirers, is one of the most beautiful child stories we have ever read." Daily It- t" 
 tonti*-
 
 JUVENIIE AND SUNDAY SCHOOL BOOKS. 
 
 The Cottage Library. 6 vols. 1 8mo, in sets $ 5 25 
 
 Separately as follows : 
 
 Henry Wiilard ; or, The 
 
 Value of Right Principles. By 
 C. M. Trowbridge. Illustra- 
 ted . $o 85 
 
 A choice book for boys, illustrating very 
 happily the untold forms in which a youth 
 may be assailed by temptation, and the 
 safety of an open, frank, manly course of 
 conduct in all circumstances. The con- 
 cluding chapter enforces impressively the 
 great lesson, that the influence of the most 
 trifling aft may extend onward and onward 
 through time. Parents who place this vol- 
 ume in the hands of their children will find 
 the cost-money _well invested. A dvocate 
 and Guardian. 
 
 Uncle Barnaby ; or, Re- 
 
 colleclions of his Character and 
 Opinions o 85 
 
 The religion of the book is good, the 
 morality excellent, and the mode of exhib- 
 iting their important lessons can hardly be 
 surpassed in anything calculated to make 
 them attractive to the young, or successful 
 in correcting anything bad in their habits 
 or morals. 
 
 Shadows and Sunshine; 
 
 as illustrated in the History of 
 Notable Characters. By Rev. 
 Erskin Neal o 85 
 
 Sunday Sketches for 
 
 Children. By a Father. Illus- 
 trated $o 85 
 
 On such subjedts as the " H dden Man- 
 na and the White Stone ;" " The Earth 
 without a Sea ;" " The Place foi a Candle ;" 
 "Enoch;" "The Rich Young Ruler," 
 etc. 
 
 These are admirable sketches, natural- 
 ly and strikingly drawn, and "'ill be read 
 by the children with pleasure and profit 
 Christian Chronicle. 
 
 Glenarvon; or, Holidays 
 
 at the Cottage. A beautiful 
 Scotch story. Illustrated . o 85 
 
 This is a delightful book. Its stories, 
 drawn from Scottish life, are interspersed 
 with interesting anecdotes and episodes, 
 illustrating historical and scientific truths. 
 It conveys the best moral and religions 
 lessons adapted to the youthful mind, and 
 told in such a manner as to engage the at- 
 tention. Ant. and For. Ch. Union. 
 
 The Old Oak Chest and 
 
 its Treasures. By Aunt Eliza- 
 beth. A most attractive volume 
 of several hundred anecdotes 
 an.l stories O 85 
 
 A book in which various characters of A collection of m'ore than two hundred 
 distinction are made to teach, and from striking incidents and anecdotes, illustra- 
 whose checkered experience much which I live of moral and religious truths. It is an 
 is valuable may be derived. We heartily ' excellent book for the family, and especial 
 tcmmend it. Religio-ts Heiald. ' ly the young. Christian Observer. 
 
 The Wrongs of Women. 
 
 By Charlotte Elizabeth. A new 
 edition. Four parts in one, with 
 portrait. iSmo, cl. ext. o 90 
 
 Embracing i. Milliners and Dress- 
 makers. 2. The Forsaken Home. 3. 
 The Little J'in Headers. 4. The Lace 
 Runners. An array of startling facts re- 
 garding the working classes and their 
 religious and social wrongs is presented in 
 the author's most interesting style. 
 
 Frank Forest; or, The 
 
 Life of an Orphan Boy. By 
 David M. Stone. Illustrated, 
 iSmo o 05 
 
 It inculcates the most impressive les- 
 sons of virtue and religion, ?ud the intense 
 interest of the story will rivet the attention 
 of the children; thus securing a happy 
 influence on their hearts j>i,rnal of 
 Commerce
 
 IJ I B L E HELPS 
 
 SUNDA Y-SCHOOL TEXT-BOOKS 
 
 PUBLISHED BY 
 
 DODD & MEAD 
 
 (Successors to M. W. Bodd), 
 
 762 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 
 
 C 
 
 RUBEN'S COMPLETE CONCORDANCE TO THE 
 HOLY SCRIPTURES; OR, A DICTIONARY AND A LI>HA- 
 UETICAL INDEX TO THE BIBLE. By ALEXANDER CRUDEN, M.A. 
 
 IV. A Concordance to the Propei 
 Names of the Bible, and their meaning 
 in the original. 
 
 V. A Concordance to the Books called 
 the Apocrypha. 
 
 To which is appended an original life 
 of the Author, illustrated with an accurate 
 Portrait from a Steel Engraving. 
 
 By which, T. Any verse in the Bible 
 may be readily found by looking for any 
 material word in the verse. To which is 
 added 
 
 1 1. The significations of the principal 
 words, by which their true meanings in 
 Scriptures are shown. 
 
 III. An account of Jewish customs 
 and ceremonies illustrative of many por- 
 tions of the Sacred Record. 
 
 One vol. royal 8vo., cloth extra, bevelled boards, . . . $4 oo 
 Sheep, $5 oo ; Half morocco, 6 50 
 
 This is the genuine and entire edition of Cruden's great work 
 the only one embracing those features which Cruden himself and the 
 Public, for more than a hundred years, have regarded as essential to 
 its completeness and inestimable value. In its complete form it has 
 ever been regarded as immeasurably superior to any other work of 
 the kind. 
 
 " Cruden's Concordance, in its unabridged ar.d complete state, is invaluable to 
 the biblical student, and the abridgments which have been made of it furnish no 
 idea of the thoroughness and fulness of the original and complete work." Rci'. 
 Thomas DC Witt, D.D. 
 
 " It is a low view of such a book to consider it merely as an expedient for finding 
 a ccttain verse. It is in reality a Bible Lexicon. As managed by Cruden, it is 
 ilso an explanatory dictionary, and his definitions are, in every instance rem<;m- 
 beied by me, sound and evangelical." Rev. James IV. Alexander, D.D. 
 
 " The very interesting and useful analysis of the senses, in which the more imjx>i<- 
 tant words of Scripture are used, gives great value to the work." Rev. M. 1C. 
 Jacobus, D.D. 
 
 " Cruden's Concordance, in its original state, I consider above all price to the 
 student of the Scriptures." Rev. frauds ll-'aylaiid, LL.D., President oj 
 Br.-mm University. 
 
 " We never recommend anyone to be satisfied until he is possessed of the full and 
 complete work of Cruden. Let it be your very next investment in Bible Helps. 
 It will pay you as you go along. How a teacher can get through his lessons without 
 it, unless he is gifted with the marvellous memory of a Calvin or a Nathaniel West, 
 we cannot see." S. . Times. 
 
 " We have ^ften been surprised to find intelligent Christians who .r-e daily 
 students o' the l)u'i:>e Record, but who had never had this volume. II om.lit to b 
 in every houscho'd, where every Sabbath-school teacher and scholar and evrrv tea del 
 ccult! ii;ivc rirccss HI it." .VcTJ. }'</. Obsi-r. '. >-.
 
 Dodd & Mead's Catalogue. 
 
 SIMMONS' SCRIPTURE MANUAL. Alphabetically and 
 
 V-' Systematically arranged. Designed to facilitate the finding of 
 
 Proof Texts. By CHARLES SIMMONS. i2mo $i 75 
 
 The texts are printed in full, thus saving the inconvenience of 
 constant reference. The subjects are alphabetically arranged with 
 fu,l cross references, and an ample index is provided. 
 
 " The work contains not merely the proof texts on the subject to which it refers, 
 but, what appears to my own mind one of its excellences, the texts that illustrate 
 these subjects. Though the arrangement of the subjects is alphabetical, in the illus- 
 tration of the subjects themselves, the author has observed that connection between 
 one truth and another which gives to each its proper place." Dr. Spring's Intro- 
 duction. 
 
 " It is incomparably superior to anything of the kind with which I am acquainted, 
 and its extensive circulation and use cannot but have a happy influence. 1 have no 
 doubt that the work will soon supersede every other of the kind, as I am clearly of 
 the opinion that it should." A'ez>. Albert Barnes. 
 
 " I consider your text-book to be remarkably suited to the object in view, and 
 I'ks'.y to be the Book which will satisfy not only common people, but ministers and 
 all men of logical mind and cultivated taste. It is my opinion that it will take the 
 place of all other works of the kind, and that nothing else will be called for or 
 attempted for a great while to come." Rev. Leonard Woods, D.D. 
 
 "As a help in the selection of proof texts on almost any subject in the Bible, I 
 know of nothing of equal value."' Rev. Enoch Pond, D.D. 
 
 "A standard work which, like Gulden's Concordance, is not likely to be super- 
 seded by anythin? better We cannot attempt to set forth all the valuable features 
 of this m inual. We or.Iy urge all Sunday-school teachers and private Christians 
 to get and use it." S. S. Times. 
 
 '' It is far more copious and reliable than any work of the kind. A better help in 
 the study of the Bible is not accessible." Congregationalist. 
 
 " The work is the best of the kind within our knowledge." New Englandcr. 
 
 TV" ING'S QUESTIONS ON THE GOSPELS IN HAR- 
 - - MONY, chronologically arranged in 189 separate lessons for 
 
 Sunday Schools and Bible Classes. By WALTER KING, A.M. 
 
 iSmo., - $o 40 
 
 The Same, in 3 vols., each, 20 
 
 This excellent question book was rewritten several times, and each 
 successive revision tested by aftual use in several of the best Sun- 
 day Schools in the country for the purpose of discovering any defecls 
 or incorporating any improvements suggested by its practical use. 
 Though mainly designed for S. S. Bible classes, it has been unreduced 
 with great advantage in Day schools and Families. The arrange- 
 ment is chronological, the harmony being upon the basis of the best 
 expositors. Many valuable notes are given in the margin. The 
 appendix contains a combined view of thirty of the most interesting 
 scenes. Sectarian alKisions arc avoided, suiting it to all de omina- 
 tions.
 
 Dodd & Mead's Catalogue. 
 
 MIMPRISS. A HARMONY OF THE FOUR 
 EVANGELISTS, in the words of the Authorized 
 Version, according to Gresvvell's " Harmonia Evangelica,' 1 
 arranged in parallel columns ; having marginal references 
 and occasional notes, with all the events numbered in chron- 
 ological succession and geographically localized in the 
 ccompanying chart. Compiled by ROBERT MIMPRISS. 
 
 One vol. i6:r.o., cloth, si 25 
 
 i8mo. edition, cloth, $o 75 5 paper, o 60 
 
 The four accounts of the Life of Christ are here plnced side by side, and so 
 arranged that an intelligent and exact comparison may be made at a glance. They 
 ate also arranged to be read as a continuous narrative. 
 
 This is the Bible-Class Text- Book for Sunday Schools using Mini- 
 1 Graduated Lessons on the Life of Christ. 
 
 - STUDIES ON THE GOSPEL HAR- 
 MONY, or Class Papers for Home and Bible-Class Study. 
 Containing Suggestive Questions, Scripture Illustrations, 
 Practical Lessons, Exercises in Supplemental Narrative. 
 and Christ our Example. i6mo., in two vols., each, $o 40 
 
 These studies, with the Harmony above, are the Text-Books for the Bible Clav 
 in Sunday Schools studying MIMPRISS' Graduated Lessons on the Life of Christ. 
 They are also a valuable aid to private study of the Gospels. 
 
 -THE STEPS OF JESUS. A Narra- 
 tive Harmony of the Four Evangelists, in the words of the 
 Authorized Version. With a Chart of the Life and Ministry 
 of our Lord. By ROBERT MIMPRISS. i8mo., cloth, $o 75 
 Pocket edition, cloth, o 35 
 
 This volume is in the words of the authorized version, without addition, omis- 
 sion, or alteration, and is a completely harmonized account of our Lord's Life and 
 Ministry in a continuous narrative. It is valuable lor private reading, well suited for 
 a Sunday-School reward, and may be used to great advantage as a reading look fol 
 c'isses engaged in study of the Gospel Harmony. 
 
 - THE PATH OF JESUS. An Out- 
 line Chart of the Holv Land, tracing the Journeys of 
 Christ, and localizing all the events in his Life and Minis- 
 try. With cloth ba.:k, folded o 20 
 
 The same, for the wall, mounted on rollers, size, 5^ feet 
 by 4 feet $7 o
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
 
 Los Angeles 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 
 
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 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 
 
 AA 000475630 o 
 
 PZ6 
 Al3hu