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 ARI z o N A 
 
SALT RIVE R VALLEY 
 A 3L I 1 O N A 
 
 U I L D I N G THE T O N T O <D A M 
 
 SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 ARIZONA 
 
 Off. 
 
 ers 
 
 Productive Lands, A Healthful Climate 
 
 and Rare Opportunities to tne Investor 
 
 and Homeseeker 
 
 Written and Published by 
 
 J. W. iCRENSH AW 
 
 Commissioner of Immigration 
 for Marico^a County 
 
 y Authority of 
 
 THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS OF MARICOPA COUNTY 
 
 and Endorsed by 
 
 THE PHOENIX AND MARICOPA COUNTY 
 BOARD OF TRADE 
 
Copyright 1908 by the 
 NORMAN PIERCE COMPANY 
 New York Chicago San Francisco 
 
SALT 
 
 
 RIVER VALLE 
 
 ft I 
 
 in Phoenix 
 
 HE Suit River Valley, which is situated in 
 Maricopa county, Arizona offers special induce- 
 ments to the farmer, the investor and the 
 home seeker; and the object of this publication is to call the atten- 
 tion of those who are seeking investments and homes to the rare 
 opportunities offered here. 
 
 This valley comprises about a half million acres of very fer- 
 tile land. The climate is mild, dry, and free from snow, ice, cold 
 winds and violent storms. No cyclones, sunstrokes or frostbites. 
 Of this half million acres, there are about 125,000 acres in culti- 
 vation. 
 
 Owing to the scarcity of rain, all of the lands of the Salt River 
 Valley must be irrigated in order to produce crops, dams are built 
 across the river, and the water is conducted to the land through 
 canals, ditches and laterals. When the water is applied to the 
 lands vegetation immediately springs forth. It is difficult to 
 make an outsider believe that for only a month or two vegetation 
 is at a standstill, and that from four to six hay crops can be har- 
 vested during the season. Yet this is true. 
 
 Much difficulty has been experienced by the flood waters of 
 our rivers going to waste at a time when they were not much needed, 
 and when needed there was not enough to supply the demand. 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 r i z o n a s 
 
 Capitol Building 
 
 HPHIS difficulty will soon be overcome by impounding the flood 
 ^ waters by means of great dams and reservoirs. The United 
 States Congress, in passing the National Irrigation law, put in force 
 one of the wisest acts of recent years. This law will cause many a 
 desert waste to be reclaimed. Happy homes will 'spring forth 
 and millions of people will live and prosper where once there was 
 nothing of value to mankind. 
 
 The people of the Salt River Valley were in position to take 
 immediate advantage of the Reclamation Act. Preliminary in- 
 vestigations showed the possibility of water storage on Salt River 
 in Tonto basin. This project, which is known as the "Salt River 
 Project," was one of the first undertaken by the United States 
 Reclamation Service, and is now being vigorously prosecuted to 
 completion for the purpose of supplying the lands now under culti- 
 vation with a steady flow of water, and reclaiming from the desert 
 other lands which heretofore were without water. 
 
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 The Ton to Dam and Reservoir 
 
 HHHE Tonto dam and reservoir, as they are known, locally, from 
 * their location just below the junction of Tonto creek with 
 Salt River, though under the Reclamation Service are called the 
 Roosevelt Dam and Reservoir, will give a continuous supply of 
 water for about 200,000 acres of land. This dam is seventy miles 
 from Phoenix, but the land to be irrigated from it lies within a 
 radius of 20 miles around the city the Salt River Valley. The 
 dam is reached by a fine wagon road, just like a boulevard, from 
 Mesa City, built through magnificent mountain scenery, at a cost 
 of about $100,000, $75,000 of which was contributed by Phoenix, 
 Tempe and Mesa. 
 
 This dam is being built of huge blocks of stone laid in cement 
 in the most permanent of masonry construction. Tonto dam 
 will tower 280 feet above the foundation on bedrock thirty feet 
 below low water mark. This means 250 feet of structure above the 
 surface. At each end of the dam, overflows or spillways will be 
 
 City Hall and County Court House, Phoenix 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 Phoenix Hotels 
 
 cut in the solid rock of the canyon sides. These spillways will 
 be 200 feet wide, 20 feet deep, and over each will be built a con- 
 crete bridge connecting with the top of the dam, and forming a 
 continuous wagon road over the dam. Water will be let out of 
 the reservoir through a 500 foot tunnel, cut through the solid rock 
 around one end of the dam. Stretching behind the dam will be 
 the largest artificial body of water in the world, a lake 25 miles 
 long, with an average width of 1^ miles, and a capacity of 1,300,- 
 000 acre feet. This means water sufficient to cover 1,300,000 
 acres one foot deep. The cost of construction will be $3,850,000. 
 The number of acres to be served from the reservoir will be 200,000. 
 It is not expected that the whole supply of the reservoir shall 
 be used in any one year. While at present it takes about 4 acre 
 feet of water to thoroughly irrigate crops through the year, over 
 half of this supply is received from the natural flow of the river. 
 
R I ON 
 
 AT this rate, the reservoir, when once filled, would suffice for 
 about 3 years' supply if no more water should be added to it 
 in that time from natural sources. 
 
 During the early months of 1905, careful figuring shows that 
 enough water ran down the river and went to waste to fill the reser- 
 voir three times. The same has been the case during the winters 
 and springs of 1906 and 1907. 
 
 (jranite ( R.eef Diversion Dam 
 
 OR thirty miles or more below the Roosevelt dam, Salt River 
 flows through a precipitous box canyon, and this natural 
 water-way will be the outlet for the reservoir. At the mouth of this 
 canyon, and below the junction of the Salt and Verde Rivers, 
 the U. S. Government is constructing a permanent diversion dam 
 at Granite Reef, 28 miles up the river from Phoenix. This dam, 
 which will rest on rock foundation, will be built of stone and 
 cement, and when completed, will withstand the floods, which here- 
 tofore have carried away the temporary dams,- sometimes once or 
 twice a year. This dam is not intended to impound water, but 
 simply to divert the water from the river into canals. The dam, 
 when completed, will divert the water of the river into two large 
 distributing canals, one on the north side, and the other on the south 
 side, of the river. These canals will carry water down the valley to 
 the smaller canals, ditches and laterals, to the lands to be irrigated. 
 
 Development of Power 
 
 HPHE U. S. engineers of the Reclamation Service, in carrying out 
 * the plans of the Salt River project, have taken into consider- 
 ation the practicability of developing power for pumping and 
 manufacturing purposes as an additional asset to this great work. 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 oo 
 
 Phoenix Church 
 
 A diversion clam and canal were built about 18 miles above the 
 Tonto dam for the purpose of developing power in the construction 
 of the dam. This has proved to be very satisfactory, and the 
 power obtained, which amounts to about 5,000 horsepower, is being 
 utilized in running the cement mill, ice plant, electric light plant, 
 dredging, lifting stone into place, and all other things necessary 
 in carrying the work to completion. Other power plants will be 
 inaugurated along the river and canals, so that when the project 
 is completed, 20,000 to 25,000 horsepower can be developed for 
 the use and benefit of the people owning lands under this system. 
 As power is greatly in demand in a country where fuel is so dear, 
 this power when leased or sold will bring in a revenue of $500,000 
 or more annually. This may be the means of returning to the 
 Government the original cost of the works now under construction, 
 and afterwards, a revenue for maintenance, repair, and other expenses 
 incident to the irrigation of so large an extent of country. 
 
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 N A 
 
 Principal Crofis Raised in the 
 Salt River Valley 
 
 HPHE crops raised in the valley consist chiefly of wheat, barley, 
 *- oats, sorghum and alfalfa. Although the water supply has 
 never been constant the year round, owing to the washing out of 
 da ins and dry seasons of several months at a time, yet the yield 
 per acre as compared with lands in other sections where irrigation 
 is not in vogue, is vastly superior. 
 
 The yield. of wheat is from 1800 to 2500 Ibs. per acre, or 30 to 
 35 bushels. Of barley, the yield is 1500 to 2000 Ibs. per acre, or 
 30 to 35 bushels. Alfalfa for hay is cut from four to six times 
 per year, thus yielding from six to ten tons of dry hay and leaving 
 at least four months of the year for pasturage. Barley and oats 
 are also grown for hay, and when cut in the milk make fine feed 
 
 Arizona School of Muaic and Don-is Theater 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
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 for horses and cattle. Wheat sells for $1.20 to $1 60 per 100 Ibs. 
 Barley brings from 80^ to $1.25 per 100 Ibs. Alfalfa hay, baled, 
 from $8.00 to $12.00 per ton. Alfalfa hay in stack from $5.00 
 to $8.00 per ton. Alfalfa for pasturage from $5.00 to $6.00 per 
 acre per year. 
 
 Other Crofis Raised 
 
 RANGES are grown in this valley, there being now from 1200 
 to 1500 acres devoted to orange culture. The yield is large, 
 and the fruit commands a high price in eastern markets. The 
 Washington navel orange sells in New York for $5.00 to $8.50 
 per box, or about $3.00 to $5.00 after paying the freight and other 
 expenses. This orange, for flavor and sweetness, has no superior, 
 and is placed on the market a month earlier than California oranges. 
 About one hundred car loads will be shipped out this season. 
 
R I Z O N 
 
 Till-] urape fruit also docs well here, and is more profit able than 
 the orange to the grower. The strawberry, the raspberry and 
 all kinds of garden truck, thrive in this climate, and the yield is 
 very large and profitable to the growers. 
 
 Nfelons and Cantaloupes 
 
 'T'HIS valley seems to be particularly suited for watermelons and 
 cantaloupes, and the yield per acre is very large and the profits 
 good. The cantaloupe ripens earlier here than in most sections, 
 and owing to the excellent flavor, brings a good price in the Chicago 
 and other eastern markets. The average yield is from 150 to 200 
 crates per acre, and the price received is from 800 to $1.70 per 
 crate net. The country about Mesa, 16 miles east of Phoenix, is 
 celebrated for its famous cantaloupes. The writer knows of one man 
 in this vicinity who in 1905, from twelve acres, cleared, after paying 
 all expenses of cultivation, picking, crating, shipping and selling, 
 the sum of $1800, or $150 per acre. Some have realized as high 
 as $200 per acre net. One hundred and fifty to 200 car loads per 
 year are shipped from Mesa to Chicago. 
 
 Dates and Olives 
 
 HPHIS valley is also adapted to the culture of the date and olive. 
 * A twenty acre date orchard has been set out by the U. S. 
 Agricultural Department near Tempe, where more than twenty 
 varieties, imported from Morocco, have been brought into bearing. 
 The fruit grows in clusters of 30 to 40 Ibs. and 3 to 6 clusters to 
 the tree. The fresh fruit brings 250 a pound readily in the local 
 market . 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 Irrigation C 
 
 OLIVES thrive here, the trees being especially adapted to 
 drought and heat. Most of the fruit is pressed for oil, 
 although the pickle industry is increasing. Arizona olive oil has a 
 fine flavor, and its keeping qualities are especially good. Olives 
 yield from 200 to 250 Ibs. of fruit to the tree, and the oil manu- 
 facturers pay from $20 to $30 a ton for the fruit on the trees. It 
 takes about 90 Ibs. of fruit to make a gallon of oil. 
 
 Other Fruits 
 
 THE peach, apricot, pear, fig, almond, grape and strawberry, 
 all do very well here, and under proper culture, the yield is 
 very large. The strawberry is found on the market here nearly 
 the whole year, and the profit to the growers is very large. In 
 some localities near Phoenix one single acre of strawberries has 
 yielded from $500 to $1000. 
 
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 Dairy Farming 
 
 '""T'HIS is one of the most profitable industries in the Salt River 
 *- Valley, and is one that is not overdone. The dairy cows 
 need no housing as in cold climates. Dairy men think nothing of 
 clearing from $6 to $10 a head per month on milk cows. There 
 is always a good market for the dairy products, as only about 
 one-fifth of the dairy products consumed in Arizona are produced 
 here and Salt River Valley furnishes 95 per cent of all the butter 
 and cheese manufactured in the Territory. 
 
 Horses, Cattle and Sheefi 
 
 THE Salt River Valley is noted for its fine horses and fat cattle. 
 Horses are raised here at less expense than anywhere, and 
 reach maturity a year or two earlier than in colder climates. 
 Here the horses need no protection, more than a shelter, or the 
 
 School 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 District Schools 
 
 shade of a tree from cold or heat. They run at large on the 
 pastures the year round, and at two and three years old cost the 
 owner just about one-fourth as much as they do in colder climates. 
 Horses bring good prices here. Since the location of the Terri- 
 torial Fair at Phoenix in 1905, an additional impetus has been given 
 to breeding fine horses. As the fair is held in November, the owners 
 of speed horses from the northern and eastern states are every 
 year bringing their " strings" to the valley for winter-training in 
 a mild climate, and also for the purpose of contesting for the 
 valuable purses offered. 
 
 Many of the finest breeds of cattle are raised in this valley, 
 for beef and dairy products. Cattle are shipped into the valley 
 from the mountain ranges for fattening. After a few months' 
 
R I ON 
 
 run on the alfalfa, they are shipped to California and the eastern 
 markets for beef. Beef cattle are sold here from 2J to 4 cents 
 per pound on foot. Thousands of sheep are driven into the valley 
 every winter for shearing and the annual clip amounts to over 
 1,500,000 pounds. Sheep are also bred in the valley for early 
 lambs. 
 
 Poultry and Eggs 
 
 LS of every kind seem to thrive here and there is always a 
 good price both for fowls and eggs. Chickens and turkeys 
 pay well for the time and money expended. Only a small place 
 is required for a chicken ranch five to ten acres are ample. The 
 supply does not begin to meet the demand. During November, 
 December and January eggs retail for 400 to 600 per dozen. Turkeys 
 retail at 150 to 180 per lb., and chickens from $4.00 to $6.00 
 per dozen. 
 
 Ostrich Farming 
 
 is a new industry in this valley but is proving to be 
 one of great success financially. There are eight or nine 
 ostrich farms here, on which are now herded 2,000 birds. Fully 
 three-fourths of the ostriches of the United States are found in 
 the vicinity of Phoenix. The birds live on the alfalfa, grazing like 
 cattle. The feathers from a full grown bird bring about $30 per 
 year. Ostriches are valued as follows: Six months old, $100; one 
 year, $150; two years, $250; three years, $350; four years, $800 
 per pair, as at this age they pair for life. 
 
 Access l>y Railroads 
 
 HPHE Salt River Valley is reached by branch lines from two 
 * transcontinental railroads. From Ash Fork, on the main line 
 of the Santa Fe system, 197 miles north of Phoenix, runs the 
 S. F. P. & P. raihvav, which terminates at Phoenix. 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 Building the Tonto Dam 
 
 AT Maricopa on the main line of the Southern Pacific and Rock 
 Island system, is one of the terminals of the M. & P. & S. P.V. 
 railway, the other being at Phoenix. The distance from Maricopa 
 to Phoenix is 35 miles. A branch from this road runs from Tempe 
 to Mesa City. 
 
 The Phoenix and Eastern railroad has been built from Phoenix 
 beyond Florence. This line will no doubt tap both the Southern 
 Pacific and the Santa Fe systems, and will be extended from Phoenix 
 by Wickenburg westward to California. 
 
 Tourists' rates from eastern points to California apply to Phoenix. 
 Any one visiting the Pacific coast may obtain stop-over privileges 
 at Maricopa or Ash Fork for Phoenix by paying $3.50 extra for 
 round trip ticket. A first-class ticket from Chicago to Phoenix 
 is $53.85. From New Orleans about the same. 
 
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 oemx 
 
 PHOFA'IX is the capital of Arizona and county seat of Maricopa 
 county, and is a beautiful city of 14,000 to 15,000 population. 
 The city is well laid out with wide streets and sidewalks. Beautiful 
 parks surround the public buildings, while the residence streets are 
 nicely shaded. Phoenix has a high school, grammar school, and five 
 ward schools in the public system, in which are enrolled about 2,000 
 children. There are also private schools in which are enrolled about 
 300 pupils. Twelve church denominations are represented, and all 
 have commodious houses of worship. One hundred thousand 
 dollars was subscribed in eleven days for a Y. M. C. A. building, 
 which is now in process of building. The city has a municipal 
 water works system, electric street railways, electricity and gas 
 for lighting and heating, four strong banks, including National, 
 Territorial, Savings and Trust companies, three daily newspapers 
 
 Constructing Granite Reef Division Dam 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 
 Suburban Residences 
 
 and several weeklies, a Carnegie public library, and all of the con- 
 veniences of the most modern city. The altitude of Phoenix is 
 1076 feet above sea level, the mean annual temperature is 69.3 
 degrees, and the average wind velocity is five miles an hour. Frosts 
 are light during the winter months. No cold winds or cyclones. 
 Phoenix has hotels and boarding houses, a number of restaurants, 
 and is well prepared to take care of strangers seeking health or 
 investments at reasonable rates. 
 
 Temfie 
 
 T^HIS town, which is about 9 miles east of Phoenix, has 1500 
 
 * inhabitants, and is located on the south side of Salt River 
 
 in the midst of a rich farming country. The Territorial Normal 
 
 school is located at Tempe,with fine buildings, and beautiful grounds, 
 
A R I Z O N 
 
 affording accommodation for 200 or more pupils. Several new build- 
 ings are l)eing constructed from recent generous legislative appro- 
 priations in order to keep pace with the growth of the Territory, 
 which is very proud of its system of public schools and educational 
 institutions. Tempe enjoys the distinction of owning its own water 
 plant, which supplies the town with abundant water for domestic 
 and fire purposes at a reasonable cost. The churches, public schools 
 and fraternal organizations are representative and adequate. Tempe 
 has electric lights, good hotel, two good banks, a flouring mill, and 
 a condensed milk plant. The lands about Tempe are very fertile, 
 and have always enjoyed a good supply of water for irrigation. 
 
 Mesa City 
 
 A BOUT 6 miles east of Phoenix is situated this beautiful town. 
 ** It is well laid' out with broad streets, and has a population of 
 about 1500. Mesa has a high school and graded schools in which 
 are enrolled about 800 children. Mesa has a good hotel, a strong bank, 
 churches, and is lighted by electricity. The lands about Mesa are 
 very fertile, and are especially adapted for growing grapes, melons, 
 cantaloupes and fruits of every description. From Mesa are shipped 
 annually hundreds of car loads of cantaloupes of the choicest and 
 sweetest flavor, that readily command the highest price on the east- 
 ern markets. Several large pumping plants for irrigation are being 
 operated near Mesa, furnishing a continuous supply of water for 
 thousands of acres of land, one ranch alone irrigating 3,200 acres 
 from pumped underground water. 
 
 Alhambra, Glendale, Peoria and Scottsdale, are all thriving vil- 
 lages, from four to fourteen miles from Phoenix. They are all situated 
 in the Salt River Valley in the midst of the rich farming lands. 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 Residence Streets, Phoenix 
 
 Buckeye 
 
 T^HIS village is situated about 30 miles west of Phoenix, in 
 * a district noted for its grain, alfalfa and fat cattle. The 
 Buckeye canal, which irrigates this district, receives an abundant 
 supply of water by means of a diversion dam across the Gila 
 river below its confluence with the Salt, and just west of the 
 Agua Fria river. Ranch cattle are driven in for feeding in thou- 
 sands each year, and the exports are fat cattle, besides hay, 
 grain and hogs. Cotton is also grown successfully in this vicinity. 
 
 Arlington 
 
 WEST of Buckeye is located Arlington, which gets its supply 
 of water for irrigation from the Gila river. The lands 
 are very productive, and the people prosperous and hospitable. 
 
R I Z O N 
 
 vv icK.cn ou rg 
 
 T^HIS is a mining town, and is situated on the Santa Fe, Prescott 
 * & Phoenix railroad about 50 miles northwest of Phoenix. 
 Wickenburg has a population of about 500 inhabitants, good schools 
 and hotels, large mercantile houses, and is the center of a large 
 mining district. Near Wickenburg are situated some good mines, 
 and a great many promising prospects. The Vulture mine, one of 
 the famous gold producers, is about 14 miles westerly from Wicken- 
 burg. This mine, though not in operation at present, has produced 
 many millions of dollars and no doubt will be operated successfully 
 again. Wickenburg is destined to be one of the great mining towns 
 in the future, and is an ideal place for a smelter, as there is much 
 copper and gold in the vicinity. 
 
 Agua Caliente 
 
 TI ERE are situated the famous Hot Springs. These springs possess 
 * * rare medicinal qualities, and the water is used for drinking as 
 well as bathing. The temperature of the water is 98 to 104 degrees, 
 and the resort is patronized by those seeking rest and recuperation, 
 as well as by those who desire restoration of health. Agua Caliente 
 is located in the southwestern part of Maricopa county, 12 miles 
 north of Sentinel station on the Southern Pacific railroad, with 
 which the place is connected by stage. 
 
 Cave Creek 
 
 'T'HIS is also a mining district, situated about 30 miles north of 
 Phoenix. There are many gold and copper prospects in the 
 district, some of which are very promising. This is also a cattle 
 and sheep country. 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 Phoenix Residences 
 
 Price of Lands Salt River Valley 
 
 IMPROVED lands sell from $75 to $150 per acre. Unimproved 
 * lands sell from $50 to $75 per acre. The price of lands has advanced 
 from 50% to 100% in value within the past year. The limit 'has not 
 been reached yet, as similar lands under Government irrigation 
 projects in other localities are worth from $250 to $500 per acre. 
 
 Expense of Living 
 
 T TQTELS charge $2 per day and upwards. Board can be had 
 ** from $5 to $10 per week. Rooms, furnished, from $8 to $30 
 per month. Furnished houses from $25 to $150 per month. 
 Unfurnished houses from $15 to $50 per month. 
 
R I Z O N 
 
 Wa 
 
 ges 
 
 CARPENTERS are paid from $4.50 to $5.00 per day. Brick 
 ^* masons from $6.00 to $8.00 per day. Laborers from $1.25 
 to $1.50 per day and board. 
 
 A ^fflord to Health Seekers 
 
 THE Salt River Valley has become celebrated as a health resort, 
 and every winter Phoenix, Tempe and Mesa, are filled with 
 health seekers and tourists. Every comfort can be had here. Nourish- 
 ing food, such as milk, cream, butter, eggs, fresh meats and fruits 
 of every kind are within the reach of all. 
 
 While the benefits derived from a short stay are great, and 
 in many instances lasting, yet to receive the best results, one should 
 remain here some time. This section is sought by those suffering 
 from tuberculosis or consumption, yet there are other complaints, 
 such as catarrh and asthma, that are relieved by this mild and 
 dry climate. 
 
 No one should come here seeking health unless he has money 
 enough to last him from six months to a year, as- it is very difficult 
 for sick persons to find employment. By economizing an invalid 
 might get along on $50 per month, but he should have $75 to $100 
 per month, for six months or a year if he expects lasting benefits. 
 Phoenix has hospitals and sanitariums, but they are not free insti- 
 tutions. We have good and reliable physicians, but they can- 
 not attend patients free of cost. 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 Valley Orange Grove 
 
 Schools 
 
 T^HE county of Maricopa, and especially the Salt River Valley, 
 * has good public schools. The school buildings are comfortable, 
 and so located throughout the valley, that they are in easy reach of 
 the children. The standard of our schools is high, education com- 
 pulsory, and the teachers are all of good moral character and fully 
 competent. The county has 105 schools; 29 grammar schools and 
 76 primary schools. The large towns also have high schools. The 
 number of children in the county between the ages of 6 and 21 
 years, are 5,741; the number enrolled in the public schools is 4,553; 
 the number enrolled in private schools is 300; number of teachers 
 employed 117; money received for school purposes for 1907 
 $98,765.33; amount paid to teachers, $65,516; average salaries paid 
 male teachers, $90; average salaries paid female teachers, $70. 
 
ARIZONA 
 
 Questions Answered 
 
 that may 1><> <>f infoivst to the homeseeker, the investor or the tourist . 
 
 1 . Where is the Salt River Valley? In Maricopa county, 
 in south central Arizona, comprising the land lying on both sides 
 of the Salt River, above the confluence of the Salt and Gila. 
 
 2. How large is the Salt River Valley? The Valley, proper, 
 is about 50 miles in length by 15 miles in width, containing about 
 750 square miles, aggregating about a half million acres of land. 
 
 3. How much of this land is now in cultivation? About 
 125,000 acres. 
 
 4. How much will be irrigated when the Tonto dam or Salt, 
 Hivor project is completed? About 200,000 to* 250,000 acres. 
 
 5. When will the Tonto dam be finished? It ought to be 
 finished during 1909 or 1910. 
 
 6. How is the climate of the Salt River Valley? The climate 
 is mild. From September to June the climate is delightful. From 
 June to September the weather is warm. 
 
 7. What is the lowest temperature in winter? The lowest 
 recorded is 22 above zero. 
 
 8. What is the highest summer temperature? On one occasion 
 within twenty years, by U. S. Weather Bureau record, the ther- 
 mometer has gone as high as 117. 
 
 9. What is the average summer heat? About 87.7. 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 A Dairy Farm 
 
 10. What is the average rainfall per year? Six to seven inches. 
 
 11. How about storms, snow and ice? We have little frost, 
 no snow, very little ice. No violent storms or cyclones. 
 
 12. How does the heat affect one? A temperature of 90 to 
 95 in the eastern states is far more prostrating and dangerous 
 than the highest temperature experienced in the Salt River Valley. 
 
 13. What is the cause of the difference? The absence of humid- 
 ity in the atmosphere. 
 
 14. What is the cost per acre per year for water? From $1.00 
 to $1.50 per acre. 
 
ARIZONA 
 
 15. How is water obtained for domestic purposes? From 
 wells from 18 to 100 feet deep. 
 
 16. How about the market? This valley supplies the Arizona 
 
 towns and minimi camps, also California and eastern cities. 
 
 17. Is it profitable to keep bees? Yes, this is a very profitable 
 business, and carloads of honey are shipped out of the valley every 
 year. 
 
 18. How are the roads? Most excellent the year round, only 
 now and then a little muddy. 
 
 19. How many acres of land are necessary to support a family? 
 From ten to twenty. 
 
 20. Is there any Government land in the Salt River Valley 
 open for entry where water can be obtained? At present, no, 
 as the Government has withdrawn the lands from entry until the 
 Salt River project is completed. 
 
 21. How would a new settler procure a home? By purchas- 
 ing from some one who owns more than he needs. 
 
 22. Can small farms be obtained? They can. Many of the 
 large farms will be cut up, and sold in ten and twenty and forty 
 acre lots. 
 
 23. Can farms be rented? Yes, they can be rented for cash 
 or on shares. 
 
 24. What fuel is used? Wood, coal and oil. 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 Haying in December 
 
 25. Is wood expensive? Wood in the towns costs from ,$5 to 
 $6.50 a cord. The farmers usually raise their own wood from 
 the cottonwood trees around their farms. A farmer by plant- 
 ing cottonwood sprouts or cottonwood posts for wire fence, can 
 in a few years have living trees for posts and all the wood he needs 
 for years to come. 
 
 26. What advantage does this valley offer to the farmer over 
 other sections? With 82 per cent of sunny days, it is possible for 
 laborers to work out of doors nearly every day in the year; the 
 great yield for the labor bestowed, and good prices for crops. In 
 addition to this, we have good roads to market, good schools for 
 the children, free rural delivery, and telephone connection all over 
 the valley. 
 
R I Z O N 
 
 L'7. \\hatisthepriceoflumber? From $35 to $50 per thousand. 
 
 28. What is the rate of taxation? Territorial, county and 
 school tax combined is about $2.50 to $2.60 per $100, assessed 
 valuation. 
 
 29. Is property assessed at full market value? No, about 
 one-third. 
 
 30. What inducements are offered health seekers? The mild 
 and equable climate permits a constant out-of-door life; bright 
 sunny days and immunity from changeable weather gives nature 
 a chance to recuperate without medicines. 
 
 31. What inducements are offered to winter visitors? Hotels 
 and boarding houses at reasonable rates, hunting, magnificent 
 scenery, beautiful drives, good theaters, hospitable and cultured 
 society, freedom from cold winds, snow and changeable weather. 
 
 32. What will be the cost of the Salt River project, including 
 the Tonto dam and reservoir, diversion dam, etc.? About $25 
 to $30 an acre for the 200,000 to 250,000 acres to receive the bene- 
 fit. Payments will be made in ten equal annual installments 
 without interest, but will not commence until the reservoir is com- 
 pleted. 
 
 33. What has become of the Indians? The Indians are all 
 peaceable, and are busily engaged in tilling the soil, while their 
 children are being educated for a life of usefulness by the U. S. 
 Government. 
 
 34. Do they have good schools? Yes, the U. S. Government 
 has a number of schools for the Indians. One near Phoenix has 
 700 pupils from thirty tribes. The boys are taught useful trades, 
 while the girls are taught housework of every kind. 
 
 35. What becomes of the Indians when they leave school? 
 Many of them are hired out for servants among the white people. 
 Others go back to their farms. Some become teachers and me- 
 chanics. 
 
SALT RIVER VALLEY 
 
 Cattle on Alfalfa 
 
 Wants of the Salt River Valley 
 
 \ V 7HILE the Salt River Valley possesses a great many advantages 
 * * over other sections and offers rare inducements to the home- 
 seeker, the laborer, the tourist and the capitalist, yet there are 
 some things we are in need of. Among our greatest needs are the 
 following : 
 
 A woolen mill to work up the wool clip of the vicinity, amount- 
 ing to 1,500,000 Ibs. to 2,000,000 Ibs., annually. 
 
 Families to settle on small tracts of irrigated lands from 20 to 
 40 acres per family. Strong able-bodied men, who are not afraid to 
 work. All laborers, whether skilled or unskilled, can find steady 
 employment at good wages. Truck farmers, fruit growers, dairymen, 
 and poultry raisers can make money here on small investments. 
 
 A cannery is greatly needed. 
 
ORJEATBO AIVD 
 PK ODVC&D 
 B y T H t