1>A 
 '7B3 
 
Tomsexn 
 
THE LIFE AND DEATH 
 
 OF 
 
 KING JAMES THE FIRST 
 
 OF SCOTLAND, 
 
 PRINTED FOR THE MAITLAND CLUR. 
 M.DCCC.XXXVII. 
 
EDINBURGH PRINTING COMPANY. 
 
L5 
 
 PRESENTED TO 
 
 THE MAITLAND CLUB 
 
 BY GEORGE MACINTOSH. 
 
 M753853 
 
THE MAITLAND CLUB, 
 
 APRIL, M.DCCC.XXXVII. 
 
 THE EARL OF GLASGOW, 
 
 [president.] 
 
 HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE DUKE OF SUSSEX. 
 
 ROBERT ADAM, ESQ. GLASGOW. 
 
 JOHN BAIN, ESQ. YOUNGER OF MORRISTON. 
 5 ROBERT BELL, ESQ. ADVOCATE. 
 
 SIR DAVID HUNTER BLAIR, BART. 
 
 BERIAH BOTFIELD, ESQ. OF NORTON HALL. 
 
 SIR THOMAS MACDOUGALL BRISBANE, BART. KC.B. 
 
 WALTER BUCHANAN, ESQ. OF SHANDON LODGE, 
 10 THE MOST HONOURABLE THE MARQUIS OF BUTE. 
 
 ALEXANDER CAMPBELL, ESQ. OF BARNHILL. 
 
 ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL, ESQ. OF BLYTHSWOOD. 
 
 THE RIGHT HONOURABLE LORD JOHN CAMPBELL. 
 
 JOHN DONALD CARRICK, ESQ. KILMARNOCK. 
 15 THE HONOURABLE LORD COCKBURN. 
 
 JAMES T. GIBSON-CRAIG, ESQ. W.S. EDINBURGH. 
 
 JAMES DENNISTOUN, ESQ. OF DENNISTOUN. 
 
 JAMES DOBIE, ESQ, BEITH. 
 
 RICHARD DUNCAN, ESQ. [TREASURER,] GLASGOW. 
 
THE MAITLAND CLUB. 
 
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 JAMES DUNLOP, ESQ. W.S. EDINBURGH. 
 
 JOHN DUNLOP, ESQ, OF DUNLOP, M.P. 
 
 JAMES EWING, ESQ. OF LEVENSIDE, LL.D. 
 
 KIRKMAN FINLAY, ESQ. OF CASTLE TOWARD. 
 25 THE REV. WILLIAM FLEMING, D.D. PROFESSOR OF ORIENTAL LANGUAGES, 
 UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW. 
 
 WILLIAM MALCOLM FLEMING, ESQ. OF BARROCHAN. 
 
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 RIGHT HONOURABLE THOMAS GRENVILLE. 
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 LAURENCE HILL, ESQ. OF BARLANERK, LL.B. 
 
 GEORGE HOUSTOUN, ESQ. YOUNGER OF JOHNSTONE, M.P. 
 
 JAMES IVORY, ESQ. ADVOCATE. 
 
 JOHN KERR, ESQ GLASGOW. 
 35 ROBERT ALEXANDER KIDSTON, ESQ, GLASGOW. 
 
 GEORGE RITCHIE KINLOCH, ESQ. EDINBURGH. 
 
 JOHN GIBSON LOCKHART, ESQ. LL.D. LONDON. 
 
 ALEXANDER MACDONALD, ESQ. EDINBURGH. 
 
 WILLIAM MACDOWALL, ESa OF GARTLAND, [VICE PRESIDENT.] 
 40 THE VERY REV. DUNCAN MACFARLAN, D.D. PRINCIPAL OF THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF GLASGOW. 
 
 ANDREW MACGEORGE, ESQ. GLASGOW. 
 
 ALEXANDER MACGRIGOR, ESQ, OF KERNOCK. 
 
 DONALD MACINTYRE, ESQ. GLASGOW. 
 
 JOHN WHITEFOORD MACKENZIE, ESQ. W.S. EDINBURGH. 
 45 GEORGE MACINTOSH, ESQ. YOUNGER OF CAMPSIE. 
 
 ALEXANDER MACNEILL, ESQ ADVOCATE. 
 
 JAMES MAIDMENT, ESQ ADVOCATE. 
 
 THOMAS MAITLAND, ESQ. YOUNGER OF DUNDRENNAN, ADVOCATE. 
 
THE MAITLAND CLUB. 
 
 WILLIAM MEIKLEHAM, ESQ. GLASGOW. 
 50 WILLIAM HENRY MILLER, ESQ. OF CRAIGENTINNY, M.P. 
 
 WILLIAM MURE, ESQ. OF CALDWELL. 
 
 ALEXANDER OSWALD, ESa OF CHRIST'S CHURCH COLLEGE, OXFORD. 
 
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 WILLIAM PATRICK, ESQ. OF ROUGHWOOD. 
 55 EDWARD PIPER, ESQ. OF EASTCRAIGS. 
 
 ROBERT PITCAIRN, ESQ. W.S. EDINBURGH. 
 
 JAMES CORBETT PORTERFIELD, ESQ. OF PORTERFIELD. 
 
 HAMILTON PYPER, ESQ. ADVOCATE. 
 
 PHILIP ANSTRUTHER RAMSAY, ESQ. EDINBURGH. 
 60 JOHN RICHARDSON, ESQ. LL.B. LONDON. 
 
 WILLIAM ROBERTSON, ESQ. GLASGOW. 
 
 ANDREW RUTHERFURD, ESa HIS MAJESTY'S SOLICITOR GENERAL. 
 
 JAMES SMITH, ESQ. OF JORDANHILL. 
 
 JOHN SMITH, ESQ. OF SWINDRIDGEMUIR. 
 65 JOHN SMITH, YGST. ESQ. OF CRUTHERLAND, [SECRETARY.] 
 
 WILLIAM SMITH, ESQ. OF CARBETH GUTHRIE. 
 
 MOSES STEVEN, ESQ. OF POLMADIE, ADVOCATE. 
 
 DUNCAN STEWART, ESQ. EDINBURGH. 
 
 JOHN SHAW STEWART, ESQ. ADVOCATE. 
 70 SYLVESTER DOUGLAS STIRLING, ESQ. OF GLENBERVIE. 
 
 JOHN STRANG, ESQ. GLASGOW. 
 
 THOMAS THOMSON, ESQ. ADVOCATE. 
 
 WILLIAM B. D. D. TURNBULL, ESQ. ADVOCATE. 
 
 PATRICK ERASER TYTLER, ESQ. ADVOCATE. 
 75 ADAM URQUHART, ESQ. ADVOCATE. 
 
 SIR PATRICK WALKER OF COATES, KNIGHT. 
 
 WILSON DOBIE WILSON, ESQ. ADVOCATE. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 The present volume consists of two Treatises relative to the 
 History of the Reign of James the First, King of Scotland. 
 
 The first of these pieces is generally ascribed to the celebrated 
 William Elphinston, Bishop of Aberdeen.* We are informed 
 by Hector Boethius, in his Dedicatory Epistle addressed to 
 James the Fifth, that this prelate carefully investigated the 
 history of his country; and it has hitherto been believed, upon 
 the concurrent testimony of almost every writer of literary his- 
 tory, that the only copy of his " Scotorum Chronicon," which 
 has descended to our times, is contained in the Fairfax Collec- 
 tion of Manuscripts, preserved in the Bodleian Library. 
 
 The Fairfax Manuscript, No. 8, is a small folio volume, writ- 
 ten about the end of the fifteenth century, upon paper and vel- 
 lum, in double columns, each consisting of forty lines. It 
 
 * Said to have been born in Glasgow in 1437, to have been successively Bishop of 
 Ross and Aberdeen, and Chancellor of Scotland. According to the obituary of Glasgow, 
 he died 25th October 1514, aged 77 (Keith, p. 119), during the time that an attempt was 
 made by James V. to place him in the Archiepiscopal See of St Andrews. — See Epp. 
 Regum Scott, i. 199- 
 
 a 
 
X PREFACE. 
 
 consists of nine gatherings of paper, each contained in a vellum 
 
 cover, and each gathering consisting of twenty-four leaves. It 
 
 contains a copy of the Scotichronicon of Fordun and Bower, 
 
 together with some interpolations and additions which, as far 
 
 as the editor is aware, are not found in any other manuscript. 
 
 But it derives its chief interest from preserving two poems 
 
 written in the Scottish language, about the middle of the 
 
 fifteenth century; these poems are here printed, together with 
 
 the whole of the last book, which contains the most valuable 
 
 part of the whole volume, as preserving a narrative of events 
 
 which occurred near the time when the compiler lived, and 
 
 which may perhaps be of service in contributing to settle the 
 
 authority and authorship of the Scotichronicon as it at present 
 
 exists. The history of this manuscript may be gathered from 
 
 the following memoranda: — 
 
 Mr James Drumond 1650 
 Gifted theis book to Coronall 
 Fairfax the 17 of Decemb 
 ano 1650 
 
 Itt was fent me by the Lady Hathornden, widdow to y« famous poet, 
 
 William Drumond, by y® hands of her hufband's brother, viz* Mr James 
 
 Drumond (here fuperfcribinge) 
 
 C. Fairfax. 
 
 By y® laft leafe of this booke itt feem's this booke (before the defo- 
 lutun of Abbays in Scotland) did belonge to the Monaflery of Dumferme- 
 line (Bp Elphanfton being y® author.) 
 
 Note that the earle of Dumfermelin tould mee in the yeare 1657 that 
 he had a very faire aincient manufcript of the Hiftory of Scotland, for- 
 
PREFACE. xi 
 
 merly belonginge [to] that monaftery, but I did never fee itt. I believe 
 t'was tranfcribed out of this. 
 
 Ffx. 
 Johes d Cambrun baro Scotus 
 Ao D'ni ... * 
 
 Fairfax, upon first obtaining this MS., made an entry in it, 
 declaring that he was ignorant who its author was, but after- 
 wards he conjectured that it was written by Elphinston ; and, 
 having quoted the information concerning that eminent indivi- 
 dual given by Bale,f he adds, " He was sent over with Mar- 
 garet, the king's daughter, married to the Dolphin of France, 
 and continued with her till her death ; quod vide post, libro xi. 
 cap. 7, fol. 3." 
 
 * Erased. 
 
 f Guilhelmus Elphinston, illustris generis Scotus, homo doctissimus, et Aberdonensis 
 episcopus, Jacobo tertio regnante, in magnum Scotici regni Cancellarium et secreti regis 
 signaculi Curatorem, ob insignem ejus probitatem atque industriam provehebatur. Magno 
 bonarum literarum emolumento, studiosorum virorum gymnasium primus ille posuit et in- 
 stituit, regiumque collegium in eo conslruxit, ut omnium illic doctrinarum genera et ar- 
 tium disciplinse auditoribus proponerentur. Et quum omnem fere regionem accurata in- 
 dagine perlustrasset, quicquid raonumentorum veterum ipse de rebus Scoticis invenire 
 poterat, id totum scriptis pro condenda tandem historia demandavit, ut omnia insignium 
 virorum facta in hominum memoriam ex tenebris revocaret. Ac prse aliis historicis Vere- 
 mundum fani olim D. Andrese archidiaconum, et Johannem de Campobello, ut authores ex 
 ipsa vetustate magis probandos, in suo opere imitatur, eisque potiorem suorum Chronico- 
 rum partem se debere fatetur Hector Boethius, in sua praefatione ad regem. Ex collectis 
 igitur hincinde historiis Elphinstonus conflavit 
 
 Scotorum chronicon . , . Lib. i. 
 
 Conciliorum statuta .... Lib. i. 
 Atque alia multa contexuit. Postremo claruit anno a communis salutis origine 1480, sub 
 praedicto rege Jacobo tertio. Hujus tempore claruit Henricus quidam, a nativitate lumi- 
 nibus captus, qui carmine vulgari Guilhelmi WaJeys vitam conscripsit, de quo Major lib. 4, 
 cap. 1 5. — Bale, Script. Brit. cent, xiv, n. 57. 
 
xii PREFACE. 
 
 A single passage in the manuscript proves the inaccuracy of 
 these conjectures. The writer states that he accompanied Mar- 
 garet, daughter of James the First, in her voyage to France, 
 previous to her marriage with the Dauphin Louis, son of 
 Charles VII. King of France, which took place 24th June 
 1436, consequently a year before Elphinston was born. It is 
 more easy, however, to prove by whom it is not written than 
 to establish its authorship ; but even to this some approxima- 
 tion may be made. We may observe, in the first place, that 
 the greater part of the volume consists of a transcript, in many 
 places abridged, of the Chronicle written by Fordun and Bower, 
 as the following extract from Book vi, chapter 14, shows: — 
 
 Haraldus, ut prsemittitur, regni diadema fuo capite proprio impofuit, 
 anno Domini M.lxvij, quem, fuis exigentibus demeritis, Willelmus Baf- 
 tard limul vita privavit et regno. 
 
 Item, notandum ell quod ifta omnia fuprafcripta gella per nobilem et 
 difcretum clericum, dominum Johannem de Fordune, collegia funt et 
 compilata, csetera fequentia vero per venerabilem patrem dominum ab- 
 batem de Infula San6li Columbae, qui in tempore fuo di6lus eft dominus 
 Walterus Bouware, ficut reperimus in magnis cronicis notatum; quorum 
 anima in pace requiefcant, et hsec lignantur ufque ad tempus regis Jacobi 
 fecundi hujus nominis. De reliduo vero quis ea compilavit fcietur in fine 
 hujus prsefentis libri,* quia de futuris contingentibus non eft determinata 
 Veritas. Non mireris, O le6lor, fi diverforum au6lorum et cronigrafForum 
 in praefenti opufculo de eadem nobiliflima regum profapia oppiniones et 
 fcripturae inferendo duobus vel tribus vicibus recitentur. Nam, fecun- 
 
 * Notwithstanding the promise here given that the name of the continuator should be 
 given at the end of the sixth book, no such information is there contained; nor is there, 
 throughout the whole volume, any guide to the direct solution of this question. 
 
PREFACE. xiii 
 
 dum jura, fortior eft fententia quae plurimorum autoribus* approbatur; 
 ficut in Evangelic Jefu Chrifti una et eadem hiftoria per iiij Evangeliftas 
 approbatur. 
 
 The compiler has also inserted at Book viii, ch. 16, a passage 
 which could not have been composed by himself (since it must 
 have been written before 1399), but must have been taken ver- 
 batim from some earlier manuscript. 
 
 Edwardus tertius genuit Edwardum principem Wallise, primortuuraf 
 ante patrem. Edwardus vero princeps genuit alium Ricardum, nunc reg- 
 nantem, tempore compilationis iftarum cronicarum. 
 
 In Book viii, ch. 17, he gives the date of the composition of 
 the work, or perhaps of its transcription, in the following words : 
 
 Rex vero primus Scotise, qui banc confoederationem cum rege Karolo 
 [ ], vocatus eft rex Achayus, anno gratiae fexcentefimo Ixxxvij, 
 
 et ufque in hunc diem hujus opufculi fcripturse, videlicet, anno Domini 
 M.cccc.lxxxix inviolata et concuflaj manet confervata. 
 
 The attention of the reader must now be directed to a manu- 
 script intimately connected with our subject, which is preserved 
 in the Library of Ste. Genevieve at Paris; for the following 
 description of which, as well as for a transcript of the prologue, 
 I am indebted to M. Francisque Michel, a gentleman well 
 known to the lovers of early Anglo-Norman literature. 
 
 ♦ Sic MS. t Sie MS. J Sic MS. 
 
xiv PREFACE. 
 
 MS. DE LA BIBLIOTHEQUE DE STE GENEVIEVE, A PARIS, IN FOL. O 2. 
 MS. SUR PAPIER, DU XVI® SIECLE. 
 
 Chronique d'Efcoffe, traduite du Latin, et dediee a Jehan due d'Al- 
 banie, comte de Boulogne et d'Auvergne, de la Marche, et Regent 
 d'Ecoffe etc., par Gremond Domat, commencee le 18 Juin 1519. 
 
 Cette chronique eft une tradu6tion un peu trop litterale d'une chro- 
 nique Latine dont il y a une copie dans la bibliotheque Bodleienne, et 
 qui eft attribute a William Elphinfton, eveque d' Aberdeen ; mais dont 
 I'auteur veritable paroit avoir ete un moine de I'abbaye de Dunfermlin. 
 En elFet on lit dans le prologue de notre MS. fol. 6, re6lo, ligne 12, a 
 propos du Latin que I'auteur declare fuivre, qu'il dit ainfi : " par le 
 mandement de reverend pere en Dieu, par la pei'miffion divine I'abbe 
 de Dunfermiling a prefent gouvernant et regent le dit monaftere, ay 
 deflibere d'ajoufter plufeurs accidentz venuz dernierement en noftre 
 temps en le meilleur forme et maniere que fere pourray, et felonc verite 
 m'enqueray, et toute prolixite larray a mon pouvoir. Suis auffi deflibere 
 d'infcrire, dit noftre antien a6leur, plufeurs fai6lz merveilleux que moy 
 a6leur ay fceu dehors le royaulme, que j'ay veu et oy," etc. 
 
 L'original Latin contient onze livres, c'eft a dire les cinq livres de la 
 chronique de J. Fordun depuis le commencement, jufqu'a la mort du roi 
 David I. en 1153, et une continuation en fix livres jufqu'a la mort de 
 Jacques I. en 1437- 
 
 Dans la tradu6lion contenue dans ce MS. les cinq livres de Fordun 
 font complets, aufli bien que le fixieme et le feptieme, qui font du con- 
 tinuateur; mais le huitieme finit au chapitre 42, laiflant des feuilles en 
 blanc pouf les 20 derniers chapitres ; le neuvieme livre finit au chapitre 
 36®, les dix derniers font en blanc ; le dixieme livre n'a dans cette copie 
 que les douze premiers chapitres ; et le refte eft en blanc aufli bien que 
 tout I'onzieme livre exceptes les chapitres ix. et x. 
 
 II y a a la fin du volume un index des chapitres de chaque livre. 
 
 Dans ce meme volume il y a fur huit feuillets de velin un abrege 
 
PREFACE. XV 
 
 chronologique de I'hiftoire d'Ecoffe, jufqu'a Jacques I. d'Ecoffe, avec 
 des portraits des rois en une efpece de miniature. 
 
 Le premier feuillet ell occupe a fon re6lo par des armoiries, I'ecu ell 
 divife en quatre compartiments dont les deux fuperieurs ont chacun un 
 lion rampant a la queue fourchee ; le compartiment inferieur de gauche 
 porte trois jambes recouvertes de mailles et eperonnees, quant a celui de 
 droite il porte deux barres en croix; au delTus de la couronne de due, 
 qui furmonte le tout Ton voit un oifeau entoure de rayons, couronne d'un 
 aureole et les ailes etendues ; et dans un cartel inferieur on lit : S VB. 
 VMBRA. TVABc. Autour de I'ecu il y a une corde foutenant de diilance 
 en diftance des objets femblables a nos gourdes de pelerins et de foldats. 
 A I'ecu pend, par une chaine a anneaux carres, un medallion repre- 
 fentant Saint Michel, I'epee levee fur le diable qu'il tient fous fes pieds, 
 audeffous on ht dans un cartel : VERITAS : DE : TERRA : ORTA: 
 EST: 
 
 Au verfo de ce feuillet on lit ces vers : 
 
 Princes puissans, ceste present cronicque 
 
 Triumphante, de renom dignificque ; 
 
 Demonftre, par trefclere efvidance. 
 
 Comment le royaulme trefmagnificque 
 
 Defcoce, a Brui6l fouverain et anticque, 
 
 Car a efte ramply de grant vaillance, 
 
 Et ell encores par quoy, par excellence. 
 
 Jay efcript cy main6le ouvre folempnicque, 
 
 Pour demonllrer com la foy Catholicque 
 
 A maintenu, et juflice en puiflance, 
 
 Paix et amour, equite, temperence, 
 
 Et contre Turcqs a fouvent pris la picque ; 
 
 Nobles et laiz, je vous pry, fans replicque, 
 
 Voyes ce fai6l, tout muny de prudence. 
 
 DOMAT,* l'aCTEUR TRANSLATE UR. 
 
 * Ceci paroit etre la signature autographe de Vacteur-translateur ; et ce manuscrit, 
 il me semble, est I'original. — Fbancisque Michel. 
 
xvi PREFACE. 
 
 A trefhault, trefilluflre, magnanyme, trefcreant, et double prince, mon 
 feigneur lehan due Dalbanie, comte de Boloigne et Dauvergne, De La 
 Marche, et plufeurs aultres grandiffimes feignories, tant de ca que de la 
 la mer, grant et fereniflime regent pacificque Defcoce, Bremond Domat, 
 voflre trefhumble ferviteur, rend falut et trelliumble reverence. 
 
 A Ihonneur, gloire et louange de Dieu, Createur tout puiffant, feul 
 Omnipotent, et a lexaltacion de vous, prince tres illuftre, jay entrepris, 
 moyennent layde dicelluy et de fa glorieufe mere facree Vierge, de de- 
 fcripre et parfinir celle prefent Cronicque, feloin la capacite rudde, peu 
 fubtil engin, et tant limple fcavoir, en quoy fupplie tons nobles lifeurs 
 fupporter mon ignorance, et ne prandre garde au langaige mal aorne, 
 ce que jay entrepris procede de bonne volente et ardant defir, et tend 
 mon entreprife aux fins, ceft de elucider vollre tant illuftre et noble 
 fang, et pour fufciter tons nobles couraiges des preux et vaillans cheva- 
 liers et aultres, qui par bon et loyal tiltre defirent batailler en cede mor- 
 telle vie pour foubflenir les termes de fain6te foy, ainfii que plulieurs de 
 voz predecefeurs ont prudentement fai6l, touljours en la confidence de 
 nom de Dieu ; car le Createur ell celluy feul a qui tout bon prince et 
 aultre doit prandre fa force pour parvenir a fin eureufe. Toufjours ell 
 requis davoir lamour et crain6le dicelluy devant les yeulx, comme ont 
 heu vous bons et trefrenommes predecefiTeurs, lefquieulx efmeuz de la 
 grace du Sain6l Efperit ont mys leur affe6lion a foubflenir la faindle 
 foy, a decorer lefglize, tenir en repos le bien publicque, norrir paix et 
 francife, maintenir jullice, comme ell trouve en cefte prefente Cronique 
 et en plufeurs aultres. La quelle pour fatiffaire a vollre clement com- 
 mandement obtemperant, comme celluy quell oblige, a jamais jay bien 
 volue trainflater de Latin en Francoys, et commence le xviij® Jung, Ian 
 mil, cinq centz, et dixneuf. Je prie a Dieu, le Tout Puiffant, que en ce 
 faifant me foit fecurable. Amen : 
 
 Les honnourables gelles des anteceffeurs tres louables et magnificques 
 nous reduifent a memoire non pas feulement les fai6lz prefentz mais 
 auffi les preteritz et paffez, qui font tres plaifantz a reciter ; iceulx 
 bien confiderez, noz profitons en meurs, comme par la lanterne dont foit 
 
PREFACE. xvii 
 
 lumyere de verite, car, quant nous recordons leurs merites et leurs 
 nobles veftiges, ilz nous enclinent et donnent occalion de bien faire; et 
 pource que en toutes a6les et operations le fuindement de verite eft 
 Dieu, fans lequel riens neft valide ne fain6l, premierement et advant 
 toute ouvre, en charite, en jufte afFe6bion, en diligence, en toute nof- 
 tre force, nous deuons icelly invocquer pour acquerir verite, a la quelle, 
 fans grace, nul entendement humain ne peult parvenir. Querons la 
 doncques au Pere de lumyere, ou quel tout don perfai6l de lalTus eft de- 
 cendunt, car luy feul donne fapience, et fa bouche fcience et prudence 
 eft. Demandons, comme le faige Salamon, Mon Dieu, donne moy fapi- 
 ence, que foit avec moy et avec moy labore, et fcience, qui toulieurs te 
 foit acceptable. Salamon demanda, et fens et efperit luy fut donne ; 
 Dieu invoca, et en luy vint lefperit de fapience. A la quelle grace im- 
 petrer nous digne conduyre, qui fans fin regno et vit. Amen. 
 
 Et davantaige, affin que nous donnonfa Dieu toufieurs gloire et lou- 
 ange, car ampres la mort on doibt louer et expreflement les vi6lorieux et in- 
 vincibles hommes noble et illuftre nation Efcoflbife deffun6lz et deccedez ; 
 a la magnificence et honneur des venerables vivantz louablement pofle- 
 dantz et occupantz le noble royaulme Defcoce refplendiflTant par toute 
 les parties du monde, crain6t et doubte par toutes nations, et non obftant 
 que fortune fouvent layt afifally en perfecutions, en peftes, endiverfes ba- 
 tailles par cruelz tyrans envahy par infultes de maintz prodi6leurs et 
 tritres, qui ont engendre perverfes iniquites, — Ce non obftant, la maifon 
 royalle Defcoce a troys centz et trent ans et plus devant lincarnation de 
 noftre Seigneur jufques a aujourduy fans muer nation ou fubje6lion, de 
 royalle majefte liberallement a occupe. Quelle louange pourray je don- 
 ner a nation fi trefanticque et royalle ? je ne fcay bonnement, fors que je 
 propofe en randre graces a Dieu omnipotent. 
 
 LE PROLOGUE. 
 
 Comme a lordonnance des cronicques et geftes louables verite eluci- 
 dee favorable foit, et par expres a nouvelle chofe, et les aureilles de plu- 
 feurs auditeurs, princes, et prelatz, et aultres hommes fameux, en plu- 
 
 h 
 
xviii PREFACE. 
 
 feurs ardues converfations mondaines negoices foyent occupez ; ce que 
 ne peuvent fans grant poyne tolerer et engendre icelle poyne, efnuy, au 
 cueur de ceulx qui ont deiir de oyr et comprandre, et pour ce que pro- 
 lixite fouvent efnuye, lintention de la6teur ell de prandre des grandes et 
 efpacieufes cronicques la matiere la plus utile et fru6lueufe et briefment 
 faifant ; comme la mouche a miel, qui de la fleur eft extrayant la bonne 
 fubftance, tout ainfi la6leur fe deflibere, moyennent layde du Saindl Ef- 
 perit, de reger le plus et le meilleur briefuement fans grant proces, qui 
 engendre efnuy et confulion. Doncques par le bon commandement de 
 hault et puiflant feigneur, le trelilluftre et magnanyme prince, monfeig- 
 neur Jehan due Dalbanie, a prefent Regent pacificque et bien meri6l 
 Defcoce obtemperant, ay volu fuyuee mon noble a6leur compilateur du 
 Latin, qui dit ainfi, ** Par le mandement de reverend pere en Dieu, 
 par la permiflion Divine, lable de Dunfermiling * a prefent gouvernant 
 et regent ledidl monaftere, ay deflibere dajoufter pleufeurs accentz 
 venuz dernierement en noftre temps, en la meilleur forme et maniere que 
 fere pourray, et feloin verite menqueray, et toute prolixite larray, a mon 
 pouvoir. Suis aufli deflibere dinferer," dit noftre antien adleur, " plu- 
 feurs fai6lz merveilleux que moy a6leur ay fcau dehors le royaulme que 
 jay veu et oy. Item, dernierement dune fille digne de memoire, qui fut 
 caufe de la recuperation du royaulme de France des mains de Henry 
 tyran, roy Dangleterre ; la quelle jay veu et cogneu, et avec elle ay 
 efte en fes queftes et recuperations, et a fa vie fuis toujours efte pre- 
 fent et a fa fin." 
 
 It appears from this prologue that Domat had before him a 
 copy of the Scotichronicon, to which, at the request of a certain 
 abbot of Dunfermling, a monk of that establishment had ap- 
 pended the relation of certain aflfairs which had happened abroad 
 in his time, and partly under his own observation. He alludes 
 
 * Duferlniling, MS. 
 
PREFACE. xix 
 
 more particularly to the exploits of certain " fille digne de me- 
 moire," who was the cause of the recovery of France from the 
 hands of Henry King of England. 
 
 It will be observed, and observed with regret, that the latter 
 part of this French translation has not been completed, and, 
 consequently, that we are deprived of the curious information 
 with which the monk of Dunfermling would probably have fur- 
 nished us, had his work come down to us through the medium 
 of Domat's version. With all due deference to the opinion of 
 those who contend that this work is taken from Elphinston's 
 Chronicle, the Editor cannot but remark that the prologue is 
 a sufficient proof to the contrary, and that the renowned Joanne 
 of Arc is clearly pointed out in its conclusion. 
 
 The original Latin from which Domat translated is, as far as 
 the Editor is aware, unknown, and its recovery would probably 
 add, in no inconsiderable degree, to the historical materials as 
 well of France as of Scotland. 
 
 From what has been advanced the Editor is inclined to believe, 
 first, that the Fairfax MS. does not contain a copy of Elphin- 
 ston's History of Scotland, and that the MS. in the Library of Ste. 
 Genevieve is not a translation from that history : and, secondly, 
 that the Fairfax MS. is a copy of the Scotichronicon, interpo- 
 lated by an individual who accompanied Margaret into France 
 
XX PREFACE. 
 
 in 1436, and resided there with her until her death in 1444, 
 and that the Parisian MS. is an imperfect translation of a lost 
 copy of the Scotichronicon, to which additions, probably valu- 
 able ones, had been made by a monk of Dunfermling, at the 
 request of his abbot. 
 
 The second article in the present volume, namely, an ac- 
 count of the murder of James the First, is printed from a 
 volume formerly belonging to Thoresby,* and now deposited 
 amongst the Additional Manuscripts in the British Museum 
 (No. 5467). It appears to be a contemporaneous translation 
 by John Shirley, from an account written in Latin, apparently 
 at the time of the event which it records. Although it had 
 previously been printed by Pinkerton, in the Appendix to the 
 first volume of his History of Scotland, its reappearance in a 
 more accurate form was considered advisable, for the purpose 
 of thus bringing together the most authentic materials for a 
 History of the Life and Death of King James the First of 
 Scotland. 
 
 JOSEPH STEVENSON. 
 
 London, March 1837. 
 
 See Catalogus MSS. Angliae, fol. Oxon. 1697, vol. ii, p. 230. 
 
Since the preceding Preface was completed for press, the fol- 
 lowing very interesting Letter has been pointed out, it having 
 fortunately been preserved in the MS. Collection of Correspond- 
 ence of the indefatigable Rev. Robert Wodrow, which now 
 belongs to the Library of the Faculty of Advocates, Edin- 
 burgh. 
 
 As it exhibits the great value which Mr Wodrow attached to 
 the MS. History, from which the present volume has been 
 selected, it has been deemed of sufficient interest and importance 
 to demand a place in it. It only seems to be farther neces- 
 sary to remark, that Wodrow does not appear to have succeeded 
 in procuring the transcript of the History which he so anxi- 
 ously longed for. 
 
 Letter, the Rev. R. Wodrow to Mr David Randy, PoJimcLfter, 
 Canongatey Edinburgh.* 
 
 Dear Sir, 
 
 Receive the Manufcripts you defired, conteaning 
 the originall papers of the Treaty 1640 and 1641. Tho' I am not very 
 
 * From the Wodrow Correspondence, MS. Letters, vol. iv. 1726-32. 12mo series, 
 p. 32, Advocates' Library. This interesting Letter is also preserved in a very rare 
 volume, entitled Analecta Scotia, Edinburgh, 1834. 8vo, p. 346. 
 
xxii PREFACE. 
 
 fond to have my Manufcripts lent out, yet, to oblige you, and to gratify 
 fo curious and valuable a gentleman, as you reprefent Commiffioner 
 Fairfax to be, I have fent it, with my moll humble duty. I doubt not 
 you will take all care of it, and return it to us as foon as may be. 
 
 Generall Fairfax, when in Scotland, got the only copy, I hear of in 
 the worlde, of our Bifhop Elphinglloun's MS. Hiftory of Scotland, 
 from Drummond of Hauthornden ; and, when he returned to England, 
 he lodged it in the Bodleyan Library. Were it poffible to get a tran- 
 fcript of it (and the Commiffioner being, as I think you hinted, a rela- 
 tive of the Generall's, he feems to have a claim to alk it), I would be far 
 from grudging the charges, tho' I beheve they might run pretty deep for 
 my purfe; yet I have laid out ten times more upon my Manufcripts, and 
 would recon this a confiderable acceffion to my Colle6lion. We ought 
 certainly to have a copy of this Hiftorian of ours in his oun native country. 
 You'l take your oun method to fee if Mr Fairfax may ufe his intereft, 
 in England, to bring this about. 
 
 I am, &c. 
 
 (Signed) R. Wodrow. 
 Nov. 2, 1726. 
 
CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI, 
 REGIS SCOTTORUM. 
 
CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 REGIS SCOTTORUM. 
 
 Capitulum Primum. 
 
 POSTQUAM inclyti principes, videlicet, rex Robertus fecundus, et DeregeJacobo 
 
 •i r r ' primo hujus no- 
 
 tertius cum ejus primogenito, David, duce Rofay, viam univerfae carnis ™''"^- 
 ingreffi funt, regno in regimine ducis Albanise, fratris di6li Roberti regis 
 tertii reli6lo, et miffis in Franciam, ad inftantiam regis ejufdem, praBUominatis 
 principibus, videlicet, Johanne comite Bouchaniae, Archibaldo comite de 
 Douglafe, cum fuo filio Jacobo, ac diverfis aliis dominis et domicellis in 
 bello reli6lis, defun6tus eft di6lus Robertus Albanise dux, et fepultus in 
 Dumfermlyne, et, ut afferitur, pro tempore fuo fertilitas magna in regno 
 vigebat. Quo etiam defun6lo, praelati et proceres regni, confilio ha- 
 bito, regem fuum Jacobum, primum hujus nominis, datis obfidibus pro 
 centum millibus march arum, et matrimonio cum nepte regis Angliae, 
 filia comitis de Somerfeth, nunc ducis ejufdem, contralto, de manibus ini- 
 micorum liberaverunt et in regno reduxerunt, et, congregatis omnibus 
 univerfaliter regni majoribus, apud Sconam, more praedecefforum fuorum ^^ coronatione 
 
 ^ ^ Jacobi primi. 
 
 cum gloria et honore coronaverunt. Pro fecuritate hujus liberationis et 
 
2 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 fummse promifTsp multi magnates regni in obfides in Angliam tranfmifli 
 funt, anno Domini M.cccc.xxiiij. Ipfa etiam regina Johanna fuit filia Jo- 
 hannis de Beaufort, marquili de Dorfet et comitis de Somerfeth, qui fuit 
 filius domini Johannis de Gant, filii Henrici ducis Lancaftriae et regis An- 
 glise, hujus nominis quarti. Mater vero reginae erat filia comitis de Kent, 
 fratris regis Ricardi fecundi, in Scotiam expulfi, et nomen ejus fuit Thomas 
 de Holandia. Pro [ ] vero et dotahtiis didlse reginae remiflum 
 
 eft regi dimidium di6lae fummae. Coronati vero erant ambo per epifco- 
 pum San6li Andreae, xxj. die Maii, anno Domini M.cccc.xxiiij. Murda- 
 chus vero Stewart, ex fpeciaU privilegio fibi ut duci Albaniae et comiti de 
 Fyffe concefTo, eundem regem in fede regah collocavit, multis tyronibus 
 cingulo mihtari per regem praecin6lis et decoratis, ut in fequentibus de- 
 clarabitur, cum nominibus obfidum pro expends regis in AngUa datorum. 
 Non enim volebant Anghci, ex eorum verfutia, dicere fummam centum 
 milHum marcarum, quam pro ejus dehberatione petierunt, effe pro ejus 
 redemptione datam, immo potius pro ejus expenfis fa6tis in eorum cuftodia 
 pro confervatione et fecuritate perfonae ejufdem ; pro qua fumma dati 
 erant didli oblides, quorum quidam ufque ad mortem eorum ibidem per- 
 manferunt, ahi feipfos hberaverunt, ahi evaferunt, alii feipfos de eorum 
 bonis redimerunt, fie quod per bene xxxv annos quidam eorum ibidem 
 permanferunt, quorum expenfae et damna regnum Scotise de centum mil- 
 libus librarum pejoraverunt. 
 Consilium Seno- In his temponbus celebratum eft confiUum Senenfe in civitate Papiae, 
 poft cujus celebrationem multse hserefes initium habuerunt et fchifmata, 
 quae longo tempore poftea duraverunt, quorum fchifmatum in fine libri, 
 fi placet, memoriam faciemus, ufque ad fchifma ducis Sabaudiae, per con- 
 fiUum Bafilienfe, ut afleritur, inceptum. 
 
 Nomina vero militum in coronatione regis praecin6lorum funt hsec. In 
 
 nense. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 3 
 
 primis, Archibaldus, tertius comes de Douglafe hujus nominis; Willelmus 
 comes de Angus; Georgius comes Marchiarum; dominus de Halis; 
 Thomas de Haye, dominus de 3efter; Walterus [ ] et Walterus 
 
 de Halyburtoune; Patricius de Ogylby; David Stewart de Roffyth; do- 
 minus de Cetoune; dominus de Gordone; dominus de Kynnowle; comes 
 de Craufurde; Johannes Reedflewart; David de Murray; Johannes 
 Stewart de Cardeneye; Willelmus de la Haye, conftabularius Scotiae; 
 Johannes Skirmegioure ; Alexander Iruwyne; Harbartus Maxwell; Har- 
 bartus Hery^ de Torricleis; Andreas Gray de Fowhs; dominus de Kyl- 
 mauris, et dominus Dalloufy; dominus de Creichtoune. 
 
 SEQUITUR DE ARRESTATIONE DOMINORUM, ET CRIMINE LMSM MAJESTATIS. 
 
 Capitulum Secundum. 
 
 Anno Domini M.cccc.xxiiij. areftatus ell Walterus Stewart, filius primo- De arrestatione 
 genitus Murthacy Stewart, ducis AlbaniaB, in caftro de Edinburghe, de regem Jacobum 
 regis mandato, et Malcolmus de Flemyng dominus de Commernalde, et 
 Thomas Boyd de Kylmarnoch. Walterus vero apud caflrum de BaiTe 
 in cuftodia deputatus ell, et Malcolmus apud Dalkeith ; fed di6lus Thomas 
 Boyd libertati datus ell quietus ; et incontinente poll captionem eorum 
 rex coronatus ell, ut prsemittitur, xxj die menfis Maii, et deinde apud 
 Perth, fexto die poll ejus coronationem, tenuit parliamentum fuum, ubi 
 pro utilitate regni et reipublicse multa propofuit a6lura. Pollea vero, pro- 
 fpiciens quod [de] corona regni multum debilitata redditibus modicum ei 
 de regalibus pofleflionibus praeter wardas, relevia, et cullumas, ad llatum 
 fuum tenendum fibi remanlit, cum confenfu trini llatus regni certa taxatio 
 
4 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 ad deliberanda hoftagia fua, videlicet xij. denarios de libra, fibi concefla ell 
 de omnibus firmis, annuls redditibus, granis et beftiis, et aliis proventibus, 
 tam fpiritualium quam temporalium dominorum, pro duobus annis fe- 
 quentibus. Et quia ilia fumma totalis nimis gravabat regnum, non leva- 
 batur in toto, fed primo anno xiiij. millia marcarum; et pollea ufque ad 
 contra6lum matrimonium inter Margaretam filiam ejus et Dalphinum 
 Francise, quod fuit anno Domini M.cccc.xxxiij., taxae non levabantur in 
 regno. Et pollquam foluta fuit una taxatio pro ambaffanda hujus con- 
 tra6lus, rex, murmurantibus communitatibus de eorum paupertate, omnia 
 recepta rellituere fecit, et amplius nullam taxam levavit. 
 
 Eodem vero anno [M.ccccjxxxiij., arellatus ell Duncan us comes de 
 Lenax in callro de Edinburghe, et apud Dunbar cullodise deputatus 
 ell. 
 
 Eodem etiam tempore combufta ell villa de Lythguowe, cum ecclelia 
 ejufdem. 
 De captione Eodcm anno, xiij. die Martii, tenuit rex fecundum ejus parliamentum 
 
 Mordaci ducis i i • n n • -\/i ^ n 
 
 Aibaniae. apud Perth, ubi arellare fecit Murthacum Stewart, ducem Albaniae, et 
 
 filium ejus Alexandrum, quern ipfe militem creavit, cum xxvj. aliis. 
 Arellavit etiam dominum de Mongomery et Alanum de Ottirburne, fe- 
 cretarium ducis Albanise, et incontinente fecit capere callella de Fauk- 
 lande et Doune in Menteith. Pollea tranllatus ell dux in Carlaverok 
 et ducilTa ejus apud Temptaloune, et de filiis di6li ducis folus Jacobus 
 evalit, qui Dumbertan combuffit, et dominum Johannem de Reedlluwart 
 occidit, dominum videlicet de Burle. Pollea fugatus in Hyberniam fugiens, 
 quinque de fuis complicibus apud Sterlyng accufati, condamnati, tra6li, 
 fufpenli poll capitis truncationem. Epifcopus vero ArgadisB live Lifmor- 
 enlis fimiliter line reditu, quia fe novit fautorem culpabilem contra ma- 
 jellatem regiam, in Hyberniam tranfvolavit; ordinis erat Praedicatorum. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 
 
 SEQUITUR DE EXECUTIONE JUSTITIiE SUPER DUCEM ALBANI.E CUM FILIIS 
 
 SUIS, CUM INCIDENTIIS. 
 
 Capitulum Tertium. 
 Anno Domini M.cccc.xxiiii., xxviii. die menlis Maii, rege continuando De occisione du- 
 
 '' *" ° cis Murdaci. 
 
 apud Sterlyng parliamentum fuum, per affifam comitum et baronum de 
 majoribus regni fuper ducem Albaniae Mordachum, cum duobus fuis filiis, 
 Walterum Stewart et Alexandrum fratrem ejus, et etiam Donaldum co- 
 mitem de Lenax, inveteratum virum magnae setatis, qui omnes quatuor 
 fuper monticulum coram caftro decollati funt et in ecclefia Fratrum Prse- 
 dicatorum inhumati. Nomina vero dominorum di6l3e affifae fuerunt haec; Nomina assiso- 
 
 rum. 
 
 videlicet, dominus Walterus Steuwart, comes Atholise, patruus regis ; 
 comes de Douglafe Archibaldustertius; comes de Mar, Alexander Steuw- 
 art; Willelmus de Douglafe, comes de Angus; Alexander comes de Rofle 
 et dominus Infularum; Georgius de Dunbar, comes Marchiarum; Willel- 
 mus Synclare, comes Orgadiae; Jacobus Douglafe de Balvany et Abber- 
 cornniae comes, poftea de Avindale; Gilbertus de Haye, conllabularius 
 Scotiae ; dominus Johannes de Monte Gomorre ; dominus de Lome ; do- 
 minus de Somerville; dominus de Torricleis; dominus de Dalkeith; domi- 
 nus de Kilmawris; dominus de Kalendare; Thomas de Haye de gefter; 
 Patricius de Ogylby, vicecomes de Angus ; Johannes Forllare de Cur- 
 llorfyne; Valterus de Ogylby de Luncrethin. Hi vero domini comites 
 et magni barones pares erant regni, majores etiam domini, qui fuper 
 eorum affifam jurati,judicaverunt eos reos mortis et crimine laefae majefla- 
 tis erretitos, quia par per parem judicari debet. Propter quod poena 
 capitali puniebantur, confifcatis corporibus et bonis regi. 
 
CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 De ambassatori- Sequitur de ambaffiatoribus regis Franciae miffis in Scotiam pro 
 
 bus Franciae mis- i o r 
 
 sis regi Scotiae matrimonio contrahendo inter Margaretam primogenitam regis 
 
 oro matrimonio. " i o o 
 
 Scotise, et Ludovicum Delphiniim Franciae, qui ambo in minori- 
 tate setatis erant, adhuc infra annos nubiles. 
 
 Anno Domini m.cccc.xxv., poft bellum de Vernuell, miffi funt a rege 
 Francorum in ambaffada regi Scotise archiepifcopus Remenfis, dux et 
 par principalis ecclefiallicorum parium Franciae, cum domino Johanne 
 Stewart de Dernle, conllabulario armati exercitus Scotorum in Fran- 
 ciam, propter matrimonium contrahendum inter filiam primogenitam 
 Margaretam di6li regis Scotiae. Qui cum magna reverentia, gloria et 
 honore recepti, expeditionem negotiorum fuorum adepti funt, fed quia 
 infra annos erant nubiles, confe6lis cartis et promiffionibus ex utraque 
 parte de nuptiis perimplendis in aetate perfe6la tempore advenienti 
 inter praedidlam Margaretam et Ludovicum Franciae, figillis principum 
 
 * roboratis, nam epifcopus fupradidlus cancellarius Franciae extitit, liabens 
 
 fecum magnum Franciae ligillum, et fie negotio ut tunc profe6to, re- 
 verli funt ambaffiatores in regionem Franciae, relationem condignam 
 facientes. 
 
 De ambassatori- j^gx vero Scotiae, placatus fumme in his quae di(3:a funt libi, et in 
 
 bus Scotiae mis- '■ '■ 
 
 sis in Franciam. praemiffis a6lis, rcmifit honorabiles nuncios ac magnse prudentiae et dif- 
 cretionis viros, videlicet, magiftrum Henricum Lychtoune, epifcopum 
 Abberdonenfem ; magiftrum Edwardum de Lawder, archidiaconum Lau- 
 doniae ; ac dominum Patricium de Ogylby de UchterhoulTe, jufticiarium 
 Scotiae ; cum certis commiffionibus et inftru6lionibus di6tae materiae con- 
 cernentibus, cum gratulationibus condignis praedi6lo regi Francorum pro 
 tanto honore impendendo. Quibus hinc inde lie pera(5lis, poft quinque 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 7 
 
 vel fex annos fequentesmiffis iterumambaffatoribus utriufqueregni, praedic- 
 tum matrimonium perimpletum eft cum maxima folemnitate. Et primo 
 mifli funt a rege Franciae magifter hofpitii fui principalis, dominus Ar- 
 noldus Girart, gubernator Rupellse, cum eo magifter Aymerus Martin, 
 do6lor licentiatus, cum commijflione ad contrahendum matrimonium per 
 Verba de Futuro cum praedidla Margareta, afficiando earn ex parte ejus 
 mariti Delphini Franciae. 
 
 SEQUITUR DE PERFECTIONE MATRIMONII INTER DICTUM DELPHINUM ET 
 MARGARETAM SUPRADICTAM. 
 
 Capitulum Quartum. 
 
 Anno Domini m.cccc.xxxvj., miiit rex Scotise filiam fuam primogenitam Quomodo rex 
 
 Scotiae misit fili- 
 
 Margaretam in Franciam, cum nobili cohorte dominorum, militum, ac amsuaminFran^ 
 
 ciam. 
 
 providorum virorum digniffime proviforum, in tali apparatu et decentia et 
 tali honorifice in ordine pofitorum quod confimile nunquam in tempore 
 viventium, vel tam nobilis exercitus tarn glorifice ordinatus, tam pruden- 
 ter gubernatus, de regno Scotiae miflus fuit. In illo vero exercitu ad 
 nuptias illas contrahendas inter partes praedi6las prsefuit epifcopus Bre- 
 chinenfis, dominus Johannes de Crannok, et dominus comes Orgadise, 
 dominus de Singlare et admirallus Scotiae, cum aliis quinquaginta militi- 
 bus, et armigeris, et eorum fequelis officiariis, ac etiam cum clafte valida 
 armatorum ad eam conducendam fecure, propter metum Anglorum, uf- 
 que verfus regem Franciae. In di6la vero clafle erant tria millia arma- 
 torum bene ordinatorum et defenfabilium. Erat enim filia decem anno- 
 rum in nobiliffimo apparatu, veftita pretiofiffime et fplendide, ac corpore 
 
8 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 iecorata, facie venufla valde. Matrimonium liquidem in facie ecclefiae 
 fa6lum ell in caftello palatio regio de Touris en Turyne per fupradi6lum 
 archiepifcopum Remenfem, praefentibus regibus Francise, cum rege Ce- 
 cilise, matre di6l8e reginse Francise, ac matre di6li regis Cecilise, cum 
 ambaflatoribus Scotise, multa nobilitate Francise, tam dominarum quam 
 dominorum Francise. Quinimmo, licet defponfati erant et matrimonialiter 
 copulati, non tamen in thoro nuptiali intraverunt ufque pofl duos annos 
 vel cum dimidio, quibus tranfa6lis, completi funt in eis anni nubiles, et 
 in le6lo pofiti apud villam de Gien fur Laare, et fie matrimonium per- 
 fe6le confummatum efl in nomine Jefu Chrilli. 
 
 De pariiamento Auno Domini M.cccc.xxviij., rex apud Inverneffe tenuit fuum parlia- 
 
 tento apud In- 
 
 vernesse. mcutum, ubi areftatus fuit dominus Infularum ac etiam comitiffa de Roffe 
 
 mater ejus, filia et heres domini Walteri de Lefly, ultimi comitis de Roffe, 
 areflari etiam fecit quafi omnes nobiles de parti bus borealibus ; quod, ut 
 
 ^ afferitur, parliamentum domavit eos valde et timere regem fecit. Aref- 
 
 tatus ell ibidem Angus Duff, cum fuis quatuor filiis et multis aliis male- 
 fa6loribus ad gentaculum convocatis ac areftatis, accufatis, judicatis, et 
 condamnatis, quibufdam decollatis, quibufdam fufpenfis, aliis profcriptis, 
 exulatis, et fie patriam per multa tempora pacificatur et in quiete reman- 
 
 De domino insu- fit. Domiuum vcro lufularum, quiajuvenis erat et levi confilio guberna- 
 tus, noluit eum capitali poena punire, fed caftigavit quofdam de fuis 
 confulibus, et eum fecum in domo fua remanere voluit, eo quod de fan- 
 guine regali originem traxit, ad finem quod in moribus ac virtutibus, ex 
 confuetudine inter nobiles, conditiones fuas emendaret, ut, virtutum mo- 
 ribus emendatus, ampliorem gratiam regis et favorem nobilium promerere 
 potuiffet. Qui tamen, derifiones quorundam non potens ferre, infra breve 
 tempus fecreto modo receffit, et, confilio malignorum confultus, ob vindic- 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 9 
 
 tam fuse arreftationis villain regiam de Inverneffe combuffit ; propter 
 quod rex iratus ultra modum, congregato exercitu, in partibus borealibus 
 acceffit, et eundem perfequendo, multi de exercitu ejus eum relinquentes 
 verfus regem fe retraxerunt, videlicet Clan de Guylle Quhatane et Clan 
 Camerone. Quod videns dominus Infularum, confultus quibufdam amicis 
 fuis, line conditione, pure et limpliciter reveniens regi, in mifericordiam 
 ejus fe commifit ; cui rex clemens et mifericors gratiam fecit ad requeftam 
 dominorum, et in cuflodiam apud caftrum de Temptalone tranfmifit in 
 cuftodia comitis Angufise, nepotis regis. Qui pollea ad placitum regis 
 veniens apud Halyrudhoufe coram magno altari, exutus ^ omnibus vellibus 
 praeter camifiam et femoralia, genufle6lus mifericordiam regis imploravit, 
 ac gladium vibratum per pun6lum tenens in manibus regis exhibendo 
 obtulit, cum hoc omnibus regni majoribus pro eo cum regina interceden- 
 tibus. Comitiffam vero matrem ejus apud infulam Emonise tranfmifit, 
 quae ibidem per annum et ultra in cuftodia remanfit. 
 
 SEQUITUR DE FILIATIONE REGIS ET REGINA. 
 
 Cupitulum Quintum. 
 
 Anno Domini m.cccc.xxx., nati funt regi duo gemelli mafculi, filii regis Denativitatege- 
 
 . , T -I 1 • . mellorum fratrum 
 
 et regmae, propter quod exultavit totus mundus gaudio valde m umverfo regi. 
 regno, et in villa de Edinburghe, eo quod nati funt in monafterio San6lse 
 Crucis, accenfis ignibus jocunditatis, doleis vini omnibus patentibus cum 
 cibariis publice omnibus venientibus, cum dulciffima harmonia omnium 
 
 1 Exultus MS. 
 
10 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 inilrumentorum artis muficae per totam no6lem, laudes et gloriam Do- 
 mino annunciantes pro univerfis donis et beneficiis fuis ; xvj die menlis 
 06lobris nati funt, primus enim vocatus eft Alexander, defun6lus eft in 
 juventute ; fecundus natus, Jacobus, fecundus hujus nominis, qui obiit 
 De obitu Jacobi apud Roxburffhe cum maximo honore anno Domini m.cccc.Ix., tertio die 
 
 regis secundi. ^ ^ 
 
 Augufti, in ecclefia Sandlse Crucis, ubi nafcebatur, inhumatus. Rex vero 
 Jacobus primus, pater eorum, plures milites in tempore nativitatis eorum 
 creavit, videlicet, hos duos filios fuos fuper fontem baptifmalem, fecundo 
 vero, propter honorem illorum, multos alios creavit, quorum primus fuit 
 filius cujufdam domini Urbis Romanse, ibidem a caufa exiftentis, qui Prin- 
 ceps di6lus eft, cum multis juvenibus filiis dominorum regni, videlicet 
 Villelmum primogenitum comitis de Douglafe, juvenem, poftea capite 
 truncatum, item, Willelmum filium et heredem Jacobi de Douglafe de 
 Abercorne, poftea in caftro de Sterlyng occifum, item Johannem de Lo- 
 gan, dominum de Leftalryk poft patrem, item Jacobum heredem domini 
 de Crychtoune, item Jacobum de Edmundftoune, item filium et heredem 
 domini de Borthyk. 
 De Lyone can- Eodem anno rex de Flandria fecit adduci machinam bombardicam vo- 
 catam Lyoun, nunc in Anglia. 
 
 Item, anno [m.cccc.Jxxxj., inchoatum eft confilium Balilienfe, ubi maxi- 
 mum fchifma ortum eft per ducem Sabaudise, anno primo Eugenii papae 
 quarti hujus nominis. 
 
 Eodem anno areftati funt Archibaldus de Douglafe, comes ejufdem, 
 nepos regis, et etiam dominus Johannes Kenedy, pro caufa, qui etiam 
 fuit nepos regis. Rex vero in fuo parliamento apud Perth remifit domino 
 Infularum et comiti de Douglafe ; Johannes vero Kenedy cuftodige depu- 
 tatus evafit, et feipfum exulavit fine reditu. 
 
 nona. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. II 
 
 Natae funt etiam regi fex filise, quarum prima fuit nupta Delphino 
 Francise, fine liberis raortua eft [m.cccc.]x1v. anno. 
 
 Eodem anno, paulo ante parliamentum, quidam Infulanus, cui nomen 
 Dony Balawch, apud Inverlochy Alanum Stewart, filium comitis Atholiae, 
 et qui etiam comes Cathanise fuit, cum duodecim nobilibus et eorum fe- 
 quentibus in congrelTu bellico occidit, ubi pr8edi6lus comes de Mar Alex- 
 ander Stewart fe removendo in tempore falvavit. 
 
 Eodem anno Angufius MakDufF et Angufius de Moravia congreflum 
 fimile habuerunt, qui paulo ante de carceribus regis evaferant. Inter quos 
 de tribus millibus bellatorum vix triginta ex utraqu« parte evaferunt. 
 
 Anno Domini M.cccc.xxix., fundatum eft monafterium Cartufienfium, De fundatione 
 Vallis Virtutis nuncupatum, videlicet Charter Houfe, in auftrali infula de in Perth. 
 Perth, cujus primus prior ejufdem fuit Ofewaldus di6lus, nobilis, religio- 
 fus, et magnse prudentiee. 
 
 Anno Domini M.cecc.xxxiij.., combuftus eft quidam haereticus apud De Pauio Craw 
 San6lum Andream, Paulus Craw vocatus, unus de Pragencibus,^ miffus 
 hie ad fan6lificandam heereticam fuam pravitatem. Hse fedlse Purgato- 
 rium non credunt, omnem religionem deteftantur, peregrinationes vilipen- 
 dentes abhorrent, ordines et ecclefise claves fpernunt, etiam articulum 
 fidei de refurre6lione mortuorum non credunt, cum multis aliis conclu- 
 fionibus faliis. Sed confilii generalis labor ftetit circa quatuor articulos 
 maxime et prsecipue reconciliandos, primo videlicet de communione fa- 
 cramenti fub utraque fpecie, de publica punitione^ peccati mortalis notorii 
 et dotatione et poffeffionibus ecclefiae, et de verbi Dei libera prsedicatione, 
 an Uceret omnibus indifferenter verba Dei prsedicare. Omnes tamen iftas 
 
 ' Piagentibus MS' * Punissione MS. 
 
12 
 
 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 oppolitiones et alias multas fagacitas confilii Bafilienfis reformavit contra 
 Pragenfes. Etiam tenuerunt quod pietas fecularium principum erat fupra 
 pietatem fpiritualem et ecclefiafticam, et quod ^ eis pertinebat, videlicet 
 magiftratibus, licite redlificare clericos et prselatos delinquentes abfque 
 licentia fpiritualis poteftatis, et au6toritate propria judicare de fpirituali 
 potellate, dicentes, ut praemittitur, quod fpiritualis poteftas fubje6la eft 
 temporali poteftati in regno temporali, et fic omnem poffeffionem vole- 
 bant ab ecclefia Dei auferre, et ecclefiam poffeflionibus fpoliare, ut fic 
 deficiet fides Chrifti. Dixerunt etiam quod in palatia bene re6la expe- 
 diens eflet domum, uxorem, et omnia bona eflTe communia omnibus, etiam 
 et filias in confpe6lu patrum et uxores in confpe6tu maritorum. Sed per 
 Confilium hae hserefes erant reformatae, et omnes tenentes illam fe6lam ab 
 hereditatibus expulfi et exheredati, et eorum pofleffiones veris Chriftianis 
 conceflae et pofiTefiTae ab eis ; qui poftea venientes ad Confilium poftula- 
 bant eis eorum hereditates reftitute,^ quia contenti erant eorum errores 
 revocare, quibus refponfum fuit quod nequaquam in aeternum hoc face- 
 rent, nam peccata fua pejora meruerunt, dicentes quod dignum eft quod 
 quis puniatur in eo quo^ delinquit. 
 
 SEQUITUR QUALITER ANGLICI SUBTILITER VOLEBANT FRANGERE LIGAM 
 INTER FRANCIAM ET SCOTIAM, CUM INCIDENTIIS. 
 
 Capitulum Sextum. 
 De consilio Circa idem tempus venit de Anglia quidam miles, miflus a rege An- 
 
 apud Perth, de . . ^ ® 
 
 paceperpetua gliae regi Scotiae et confilio cum certa commifl[ione et inftru6tionibu3 ; 
 
 adhibenda cum 
 Anglis. 
 
 Quos MS. 
 
 2 Restitui (?) 
 
 Quod MS. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 13 
 
 unde rex informatus a quibufdam apud Perth congregavit confilium gene- 
 rale in menfe 06lobris. Propofita ell materia de pace habenda cum 
 Anglis perpetua, et de rellituendis omnibus caftris, villis, et pofleflionibus, 
 quae ad regnum Scotiae per certa tempora tranfa6la pertinere dinofcun- 
 tur, et prsecipue Roxburgh et Berwyk, et omnia alia loca et poffeffiones 
 qu8G injufte alias de regno Scotiae abflulerunt, et cum eis perpetuam 
 pacem facerent ; et haec in praefentia regis ante magnum altare in ecclefia 
 Praedicatorum apud Perth propofuerunt. Quibus breviter refponfum, fe De responsione 
 
 ejusdem. 
 
 velle libenter pacem cum libertate habere, alias non, et hoc concorditer 
 de bono corde afFe6lare. Tandem vocibus fingulorum petentibus et 
 opiniones refponfum eft per abbates de Scona et Emonia, ' quod rex fine 
 conceffione regis et regni Franciae non poterat de pace perpetua cum 
 rege Angliae ullo modo concludere, vifo quod per provifionem, concelTum, 
 et decretam confilii generalis tam regnorum Franciae quam Scotiae, et 
 per confirmationem fedis apoftolicae, confoederationes pacis perpetuae 
 inter regna concordata^ ratificata, approbata, et confirmata exiftunt ; 
 fie quod inconfultis rege Franciae et ejus parliamento, ac fummo Pon- 
 tifice, prsedi6lae confoederationes infringi nullatenus potuerunt. Ad 
 quam confcederationem tenendam et inviolabiliter obfervandam, omnes 
 reges Franciae et Scotiae magno juramento corporaliter affirmaverunt 
 a tempore regis Karoli Magni ufque nunc. Sed quod omnibus tangit 
 ab omnibus approbari deberet, ergo,' et caetera. Praeterea quod rex 
 Scotiae tunc praefens ad hoc tenendum et obfervandum, ut praemiffum 
 eft, nuper corporale praeftitit juramentum, cum aliis regni juratoribus; Disputatio inter 
 
 abbates de Fogo 
 
 fuper qua materia fuit altercatio et difputatio magna, cum diverfis argu- et Scone et 
 
 Emonia coram 
 
 mentis et perfuafionibus ad utramque partem, inter abbates praedi6los rege de pace. 
 ex una parte, et de Melrofe abbatem ex altera, pro confoederatione 
 facienda cum pace perpetua cum Anglis abfque conceflione et benevo- 
 
14 CHRONICON JACOBl PRIMI 
 
 lentia Francorum regis, et quod utilius effet habere pacem cum Anglis 
 vicinis et propinquis quam cum Francigenis de longe exillentibus. Hanc 
 enim partem magifter Johannes Fogo, magifter in facra pagina, omnibus 
 viribus tenuit, aliis in contrarium alteram partem fuflinentibus ; fed fide- 
 Hter compertum ell inveterata maUtia Anglorum non meritur penes 
 Scotiam, et quod heec oblatio confoederationis non erat nifi modus repe- 
 rire ad feminandum fchifma et divifionem in regno, et inter nos et amicos 
 et confoederatos noftros de Francia, et ad fufcitandam difcordiam ubi 
 firma fides, verus amor, et concordia fraternaHs, inviolabiUter radicata 
 eft, et quod ipfi Anghci multa promittentes nihil de fa6lo propter hoc 
 perimplere volebant. Nam femper dum velint, occafiones ab amicis re- 
 cedere invenire fciunt, ut ex eorum adlibus antiquis evidentia perpetrati 
 fceleris et experientia, quae eft rerum magifter, demonftrant ; et fie relin- 
 quitur materia indicifa finahter, fie quod nihil ad Isefionem confoedera- 
 tionis Francise et Scotiae a6lum eft. 
 
 De recupera- Anno Domiui M.cccc.xxxiij., cepit rex caftrum de Dunbar, et ad cufto- 
 
 tione de Dunbar .^ , . i tt i- 
 
 perJacobum diam ilhus commilit dommum de Halis, et m parliamento fuo apud 
 
 primum hujus x^ , . • i • /^ • i -r-w i 
 
 nominis. Perth, m proximo tento, dommum (jreorgium de Dunbar, comitem 
 
 Marchiarum, exheredavit propter demerita fui patris, ipfo pro a6libus 
 fuis remiflionem regis in prompto demonftrante. Verum tamen prse- 
 cinxit eum rex comitem Bouchaniee, et fibi dedit quadraginta libras 
 annuatim pro vita fua et ad minus ufque ad setatem perfeclam regis 
 Jacobi, etiam poft mortem regis Jacobi primi domini confules parliamenti 
 hoc idem fibi conceflerunt et heredi fuo. 
 
 Deobitucomitis Anno Domiui M.ccc.xxxv., obiit Alexander Steuwart, comes de Mar, 
 
 de Mar. 
 
 qui in bellis de Legis et Arlaw ftrenue fe habuit, et in multis aliis con- 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 15 
 
 flidlibus. Et quia baftardus erat fie fucceffit rex de fa6lo, licet de jure, 
 fecundum quofdam, domini de Erfkyne et de Lyle jure hereditario de- 
 buiffent fucceffiffe. 
 
 SEQUITUR QUALITER REX JACOBUS PRIMUS CASTRUM DE ROXBURGHE 
 OBSESSIT, CUM INCIDENTIIS. 
 
 Capittdum Septimum. 
 Anno quo fupra, videlicet [m.ccc.]xxxv., rex Jacobus primus hujus no- De obsidione 
 
 Roxburghe. 
 
 minis, validiffimo exercitu congregato, obfeflit callrum de Roxburghe 
 circa principium menfis Augufti, erat enim numero plus quam ducenta 
 millia armatorum. Sed quia his ibidem per quindenam exfpe6lantibus, 
 et nihil dignum memoriae agentibus propter deteflabile fchifma et ne- 
 quiffimam divifionem ex invidia ortam, infe6lo negotio et perditis omni- 
 bus nobilibus magnis machinis, tam cannalibus quam fundalibus, artillia- 
 riis, cum etiam pulveribus machinalibus, carris et quadrigis, ac cum multis 
 aliis rebus fumme ad obfidionem neceffario requifitis, cum fumma dede- 
 coris ad propria reverfi funt. 
 
 Eodem etiam anno legatus domini Eugenii papse in Scotiam intravit, 
 paulo ante feftum Natalis Domini, epifcopus videlicet Urbinatenfis, ad- 
 miffus per regem et clerum apud Perth ad habendum audientiam in 
 parliamento inchoando quarto die Fabruarii. Sed propter infortunium 
 inopinatae mortis regis, qua prseventus fuit, officium legationis non exer- 
 cuit, fed dolorofus ultra credi poteft receffit. 
 
 Eodem anno obiit epifcopus Dunkeldenfis, de Cardine vocatus, et 
 ele6tus eft dominus Jacobus de Kennedy, nepos regis, ubi ftetit epifcopus 
 
16 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 per duos annos, et in tertio anno ad epifcopatum Sandli Andrese pro- 
 motus eft. Et poft eundem dominum, in epifcopatu Dunkeldenfi pro- 
 vifione apoftolica fuit promotus dominus Alexander de Lawder, no- 
 tabilis vir, qui vixit annum tantum, defundlus apud Edinburghe anno 
 [m.cccc.]x1., etc. Cui poft hoc fucceflit magifter Jacobus de Bruyfe, 
 De episcopo g^j ^j^ ^q^ ftetit ibidem, fed ad epifcopatum Glafguenfem fuit tranflatus 
 
 Glasguensi, vi- ^ ' i i o « 
 
 dehcet, Bruyse. au6loritate apoftoHca, et infra duos vel tres annos poft ejus promotionem 
 defun6lus eft apud Edinburghe, et in Dunfermlyne fepultus in capella 
 San6l9e Marise, anno Domini M.cccc.xlvii., et fie non remanfit epifco- 
 pus, ut videre hcet,^ nifi per feptem annos vel eo circa. Cui in epifco- 
 patu Dunkeldenfi fucceflit magifter Johannes de Raleftoune, fecreta- 
 rius regis, qui non diu vixit etiam, et in epifcopatu Glafguenfi fibi 
 fucceflit magifter Willelmus Trumbule, cuftos privati figilli, qui fimi- 
 liter non diu duravit, et fie in iftis duobus epifcopatibus infra decem 
 annos decem epifcopi prsefuerunt, vel, ut non mentiar, eo circa, ut eviden- 
 tia rerum demonftrat. 
 
 DemorteMar- Circa idem tcmpus, anno Domini m.cccc.xIv., Margareta Delphina 
 
 gantae delphmae ^ ' o i 
 
 Franciae. FraucisB, cum rcgc ct rcgiua Francise ac cum proprio marite fumme 
 
 diledla, in flore juventutis, quafi regem et reginam ad nutum gubernavit 
 fuo confilio, prudentia ac fapientia fumma, per quam apud regem Franciae 
 et reginam fuit fumme dile6la et credita, et ejus verba exaudita. Sed 
 heu, proh dolor ! quod me oporteat fcribere quod dolenter refero de ejus 
 morte, cum mors, quae cun6la rapit viventia conditione pari abfque per- 
 fonarum differentia, eamdem dominam ad folvendum naturae debitum in 
 flore juventutis fine prole de domo regia Franciae brevi languore eripuit. 
 
 I Videlicet, MS. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. i# 
 
 Cujus inopiam ea mors apud Chalons en la contee de Champaigne, id 
 eft, in civitate Calonenfi infra comitatum Campanise, ubi inhumata per- 
 manfit, multorum corda tarn Francise quam Scotise dolore nimio deni- 
 gravit. Nam ego, qui fcribo hsec, vidi earn omni die vivam, omni die 
 cum rege Francise et regina ludentem, et per novem annos fie continuan- 
 tem. Pollea vero, tempore contra6lus matrimonii inter regem Henri- 
 cum Anglia3 et filiam regis Cecilise et fratris reginae Franciae, infra o6lo 
 dies vidi eam fanam et mortuam, ac evifceratam, et in cafula plumbea in 
 ecclefia cathedrali didlse civitatis Calonenfis ad cornu magni altaris ex 
 parte boreali in quadam tumba pofitam; rege dicente quod poft pauca 
 tempora levare faceret eam, et apud Sandtum Dionifium inter reges et 
 reginas univerfas ibidem collocari. Cujus Epitaphium fequitur confe- 
 quenter hie, quod fuper ejus tumbam pofitum fuit poft mortem in lingua 
 Gallicana, modo hie in lingua Scotticana tranflatum ad prseceptum regis 
 Jacobi Secundi, fratris ejufdem dominse. 
 
 INCIPIT LAMENTATIO DOMINI DALPHINl FRANCIS PRO MORTE UXORIS 
 SUiE, DICT^ MARGARETS. 
 
 Capitulum Octavum. 
 
 Thee mychti Makar of the major monde, 
 
 Quhilk reuly roUis thir hevinly regions round 
 
 About this erd, be mocioune circuler, 
 
 Ger all the cloudis of the hevin habound. 
 
 And fouk up all thir watteris hal and founde, 
 
 Baith of fait fey, of burne, well, and revere, 
 
 c 
 
18 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 Syne to defcende in tygglande teris tere, 
 To weip with me this wofull waymenting, 
 This petwys playnt of a princei^ but peir, 
 Quhilk dulfull deed has tane till his duelhng. 
 
 Fill burnis, wellis, reveris, and fountayns, 
 
 Baith flankis and louchii^ and waleif^ of montayns, 
 
 Of glowdis of forow, of angger, and diflrel^. 
 
 And baith my hart, in endle^ wo that payns, 
 
 For derfnes and difpyt of deed nocht fayns, 
 
 Quhilk as ws reft fa ryal a richei^, 
 
 Wes never git more gret pete of a princel^, 
 
 In quhome regnyt [the] floure of nobihte, 
 
 Helpe to murne, and murne hir mare and lef>, 
 
 Quhilk for difei^ dayly but dreid I dee. 
 
 Ger all the ayre that in the hycht above is, 
 
 And all the wyndis that under the hevyne amovis, 
 
 Turn all in fobbyng and in fichyng foore, 
 
 Ger all thir foulis that melody contruvis. 
 
 And all thir birdis that fyngand heir for luveis, 
 
 Turne all thair joy in foro and in coore. 
 
 And help to murne this dul my lady foore. 
 
 And wary weird, quhilk banyfl as of France 
 
 The mirrour of vertu and warldis glore, 
 
 Quhilk deed has reft but reuth or rapentance. 
 
 God of nature, quhilk all this eird honouris 
 
 With fruyt and fulge, with herbe, fluril^, and flouris, 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. ly 
 
 Fair flurifand and freche in thair verdoure, 
 Of quhilk the fleuvir to the hevyne retouris, 
 And al the frechnel^ of thair faire figouris, 
 3eildis thaim and wourfchip to thair Creatoure, 
 Gyf defaid thaire frefchneJ^ for thi gret valoure, 
 And turn in blakynge all thaire luftinei?, 
 Heil never this erde more with plefand coloure, 
 Quhill we have murnyt the dull of our maftreiP, 
 
 Turne all in blak that aire was frefche of hew, 
 And in murnynge all myrth, mulik, and glew; 
 Owre fyle the fone with myft and with merknei^, 
 Ger every wy that are of luffe wel^ trew, 
 Of mynd of my regret and on me rew, 
 And ftanche in erde all folace and blythnei^; 
 Turne all at is blyth in breith and villne^, 
 And in murnyng all myrth and melody, 
 Quhill we have murnyt the dule of our maftre^ 
 Lat nature thole na kynge leife heire gladly. 
 
 Bot nocht withflandyng thaire is mare of this lamentacioune xviij 
 coupill, and in the anfuere of Refoune all? mekill, this may fufFyce, 
 for the complant is bot fengeit thing; bot be caul^ the tothir part, 
 quhilk is the anfuere of Refoune, is verray futhfaflnei?, me think it 
 gud to put mare of it, quhilk foUowis thus efterwarte. 
 
 » Sic MS. 
 
20 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 Thow man, that is of pouer and fmal valoure, 
 LeifFul to joy, fonne movyt to doloure, 
 And thow knew weill thin auvyne creatioune 
 Thow makis gret fait in forjp of thi furoure, 
 All thus but caul? to crab thi Creatoure, 
 And thow wald have confideracioune, 
 Thou art fubje6t till all humain paffioune. 
 Sic is thi det, lie is thi due dwtye; 
 And thou will feik to thi falvacioune, 
 Have mynd of miferabile humanite. 
 
 Lat be thi dull, thir ar bot dualmys of deed, 
 
 Quhare reuth is quhy fekis thou remede? 
 
 Quhy ravyl^ thou, and thou man refonabile ; 
 
 Finare of forge, as gold is be the leid, 
 
 Of wyt and wyfdoume, of confale and of reed, 
 
 Fra nature belliall ; this is na fabill. 
 
 Difcreccioune fchawys the deferans veritable 
 
 Betueix refoune and fenfuahte, 
 
 Sen God hes gevyne the vyt and knawlige abille, 
 
 Than fuld thou fchaw quhether man or bed thow be. 
 
 Thou fais that this regratit he princel^, 
 Quhill owre the lave of vertu was peirlei^, 
 Was tane owre foune in floure of hire fairheid, 
 And countand of hir bewteis mare and lel^. 
 And how with all men luffit and lovyt fcho weJP, 
 Quhilk was gret worfchip till all womanheid ; 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 21 
 
 Thocht all this warld fuld well in wo and weid 
 No wonder war ; bot quhat ma this avail5e ? 
 It mendis hir nocht to meryt na to meid, 
 Bot till hir frendis payne, tynfale, and travailse. 
 
 Thow fuld Weill knaw that He, that all as made, 
 As langand governance of his Godhade, 
 Nathing myffaris, bot all dois for the beft. 
 And all this warld, that is baith lang and braid, 
 He ordane[s] for refeccioune of manhaid, 
 Bot nocht forthy that it fuld all wais left 
 In heritage, bot pilgrame or geft. 
 
 Of lauwaft hyme to . .^ 
 
 And Wynne pardoune to bryng hir faul to reft 
 Efter this lyff, for neydlei^ we mone dee. 
 
 He maid this warld nocht to be ay leftand 
 Bot to renew, and ay be renewand 
 Fra lyff to deed, fra deed to lyff agane ; 
 He maid nature to be his lufl'tenand, 
 To forge the werkis he has tane on hand, 
 For he left nocht hyme felfe to tak the payne; 
 Syne ordand he that deed fuld be ay bayne 
 To tak his werkis in thaire beft fefoune. 
 His diligatis dois na thyng heir in vayne, 
 Oure thame he ordande wifdome and refoune. 
 
 ) Erased in MS. 
 
22 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 Quhat mycht God mare do till his creatoure 
 Bot dow hire with the giftis of nature ? 
 With all bewteis of frefche feminite ? 
 Firft giffand hir the fairneJP of figoure, 
 With plefand propirnel? of portratoure, 
 Enforll with fortoune in the heafl gre. 
 Syne paffand utheris of gudnejp and beute, 
 Thir thre gyftis cummys ay fra the fader doune, 
 Suppol? the twa may nocht ay lelland be, 
 Thare is na rychtei? peire to gud ranoune. 
 
 Fra we cum firfl in this warld mortelle, 
 
 Cled with this corruptible corps carnelle, 
 
 We draw to deed, and deii? everilk day, 
 
 Syne anone we pal^ to lyffyng eternelle, 
 
 To lefland joy or payne perpetuelle; 
 
 We may never wyt, will we be wente oure way, 
 
 This warld is maid for that warld to purvay, 
 
 Nocht heire to leif in luftis at all oure ei§ ; 
 
 Men wynnis nocht evyne to dance, and fyng, and play, 
 
 Bot payn and penitence oure Lord mone pleif . 
 
 Thaire is nocht heire bot vayne and vanite, 
 Baith pompe and pryd with paffand poverte, 
 Weire and invy with cankirryt cuvatii?, 
 And every man a lord defyris to be 
 Quhilk has na lofe, rycht now away is he. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 23 
 
 And efter hym a nother foun will ryi? ; 
 
 Wyykkytare welthe and wourthy men peryi^, 
 
 A man weill fet thocht he be kyng with croune. 
 
 And he inclinde be for to do jullice 
 
 Thai fall never ceifP quhill at thai bryng hym doune. 
 
 The lang lyfF is nocht profitable heire, 
 
 Quhill we be went oure will is ever in weire, 
 
 And fyne the paffage is rycht peralus, 
 
 We have bot bale will we be brocht one beire ; 
 
 Bot fyne we ordande ar till have gud cheire, 
 
 And we do weill traill weill it fall be thufP, 
 
 Cryll fcheu quhen he rafyt LazarufP ; 
 
 He grat oure hyme, for he kneu weil the payne 
 
 He fuld have in this lyfFynge languarufjP, 
 
 Never till have joy till he war deide agayne. 
 
 Sene we have heire na cete permanante, 
 
 Oure faule, quhilk is in oure body lent, 
 
 Is haldyne in ws as it war in perfoune, 
 
 Ordant for to purvay for the parliament. 
 
 Till anfuere at the dreidful jugement; 
 
 Thaire is oure reft, thaire is oure rycht fefoune, 
 
 This warld is bot a permutacioune. 
 
 We fuld it hayt and lalP that it ma feire ; 
 
 ' Sic MS. 
 
24 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 Oure Lorde refufit the dominacioune, 
 Say and the prince of it was Lucifere. 
 
 The lull is fchort, joy has na day till ende, 
 Welth is oure blande, myfdeide has nane attende, 
 The wykkyt win with braak' pafjP away, 
 Gudmen ar lounen,^ the wykkyt weil ar kend ; 
 Mychty mane compt for all the gude thai fpend, 
 And quhen thai pafP quhat lordfchip mare have thai 
 Bot as the pure, that haiP his lenth of clay? 
 Quha moft gud has nocht heire has bot the name, 
 And blyndis thame, that thai ma nocht heire purvay 
 To graith thaire gait one to thaire langefl hame. 
 
 Sene warldis welth is al bot vayn glory, 
 
 And warldis wyfdome al bot fyne foly, 
 
 And God as gevyne ws wyt and knalage abille 
 
 To depert refoun fra his contrary. 
 
 And keip ws that we eie^ nocht opinly 
 
 To mak ws till oure Makare deteflable, 
 
 Be nocht in to the vertu veritable, 
 
 Bot foberly in paciens tak and gre 
 
 For hire ; fcho thankis nane to be lamentable, 
 
 Scho is in joy, as be oure faythe trafl we. 
 
 1 Sic MS. ' loune MS. » Sic MS. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 25 
 
 Quhat proffyt is it with fortoune for to flyt ? 
 Deed, weird, na fortoune ar nocht for to wyt. 
 Thai do nocht hot throu foverayne ordinance ; 
 In that fcho was off bowte mare perfyte, 
 Of princis cummyng, and in to peirleJp plyte, 
 Hire deed dois al men gret car [and] difplefance. 
 Hir vertu and hir gudly guvernance, 
 Quhilkis garis hir have fa mekil honor heire, 
 Suld be till all goure paynis allegiance, 
 To flok goure fyt and gare gou mak gud cheire. 
 
 Thow fuld traift that fcho was virgyne pure and cleyne 
 
 Borne and upbrocht, with vertu ever has beyne 
 
 In houl? ryalle in till hir tender age, 
 
 Leyffand but fyn, and mekyl gud as feyne, 
 
 Dyd never of plycth the pointyr of a preyne, 
 
 Tynt nocht hir maidenheid for hir mariage; 
 
 Scho fchew weill that fcho was nocht [ ] parage 
 
 Scho mad gud end, and deit with all gud devyi^; 
 
 Thus ali^ fer as man may have knalage. 
 
 We traifl hir faule reftis in paradijP. 
 
 It grevyl? God in His he magefle, 
 Wenand that man is mare of [mycht] than he, 
 Quhilk is contrare till his commandmente. 
 Deed makis na differens of na dignite. 
 Of bonte, bewte, na of rychel^ he, 
 
 D 
 
26 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 His' deed alowyt is at the parliament; 
 
 Sobris gour wyt and ftabill gour entent, 
 
 For ge wait nocht how fone gour cafi? ma cum, 
 
 And have mynd of the dreidfull jugiment, 
 
 Sum ar heire crouf:^ that thaire will fyt full dum. 
 
 Lat be thi mane and murne for hir no more, 
 
 Thou fuld mak joy quhare [thou] now makis care, 
 
 Sen fcho deceft with all the facramentis, 
 
 Quhene fcho was borne men wyll fcho fuld cum thaire, 
 
 Thaire is na thyng that ma left ever mare 
 
 That compunde is of brukyll alymentis, 
 
 Scho has affythit deed of all his rentis, 
 
 Hir dule is done, fcho as na more ado 
 
 Bot double hir joy efter the jugmentis, 
 
 Weill war the wy that weill ma cum therto ! 
 
 In this mater it feris no mare to pleid ; 
 God fparyt nocht his awyne Sone fra the deid, 
 Gart hym [tak] manheid of the may Mary, 
 Syne offerit hym for oure fynnys remeid, 
 Quhare fynful man micht na thynge ftand in fteid. 
 He was ful worthy for that legafy, 
 Quha wald mak dule for deed in ys party? 
 Sene mony a thoufand martir and virgin cleyne 
 Was put to deed with tyrannis cruely 
 Quhy fuld we thane for faire deed murne or meyne ? 
 
 1 Sic MS. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 27 
 
 Tak gude comfurte and leife in hop of grace. 
 And think how fcho, throw vertu and gudnafle, 
 Baith luffit and lovit with God and men has beyne, 
 And think how that x m. geire that waffe 
 Quhen it is gane femys hot ane houre of fpaffe, 
 Lik till a dreme that we had dremyt geiilreyne ; 
 Gar haly kyrk have raynd one hir and meyne, 
 Think one thi felfe and all the myi? amend. 
 And pray to Mary moder, virgyne cleyne, 
 That for hir grace fcho bring ws to gud end. 
 
 Amen. 
 explicit consolatio rationis ad lamentationem. 
 
 SEQUITUR DE MORTE REGIS JACOBl HUJUS NOMINUS PRIMI CUIUS IMMEN- 
 SUS DOLOR TOTI CHRlSTIANITATiE DISPLICUIT, CUM INCIDENTIIS. 
 
 Capitulum Nonum. 
 
 Anno gratiae M.cccc.xxxvj., poftquam rex de obfidio de Roxburghe Demorte regis 
 reverfus eft, et parliamentum fuum ad audientiam legato fummi Pontificis 
 dandam apud Perth conftituit, intravit Sathanas in corda proditorum 
 quorundam, ejus mortem a longe retroadlis temporibus ex antiquaa et 
 inveteratae malitise invidia machinantium, per quam alias multotiens ex 
 infidiis quserebant eum, in multis locis conantes cum occidere. Sed quia 
 nuUam poteftatem in eum poterant habere, nifi eis effet defuper, eo quod 
 
28 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 nondum adhuc venerat hora ejus, tandem, captato tempore opportune, 
 
 quidam Robertus de Grahame cum fuis complicibus, videlicet, Chrillo- 
 
 fero de Camera cum Thoma ejus fratre, ambo filii Johannis de Camera 
 
 burgenfis di^lse villse de Perth, cum eis duo fratres cognominati de Hall, 
 
 et aliis multis, adjun6lis eis Roberto de Steuwart, filio videlicet David 
 
 Steuwart, filii et heredis comitis Walteri Steuwart de Atholia, patrui 
 
 regis Jacobi de quo fit fermo, qui David in Anglia eo tunc erat in hofla- 
 
 gio pro rege fupradidlo et ejus deliberatione, in prima Quadragefimse 
 
 feptimanaj, in monafterio Fratrum Minorum de Perth, in no6lis latibulo, 
 
 in propria camera occiderunt, cujus occafio fuit ille Terpens antiquus 
 
 dierum malorum, inveteratus comes Atholiae fupradi6lus, qui a longo 
 
 tempore callide ad coronam afpirabat, qui etiam conciliarus praecipuus 
 
 erat ad perdendum ducem Murdachiim Albanise cum ejus filiis, nee non 
 
 et ducem Rofay, ad finem quod ipfe agnus innocens putativus ad apicem 
 
 regni aliorum crimine evacuatis' levius poterat pervenire. Ipfe etiam 
 
 nutrix erat totius proditiofse traditionis ipfius regis, per quod mors intravit 
 
 in regno Scotiae, cujus fupernum damnum non delebitur in tempore viven- 
 
 tium. Nam fama ejus nominis per omnia regna Chriflianitatis tranfivit. 
 
 Tantse enim virtutis, flrenuitatis, et prudentiae erat, quod nunquam in 
 
 partibus iflis, citra mare Gallicum, inter principes parem^ fibi in fcriptis 
 
 repirere poterimus. Nam fi totus mundus fub regimine unius perfonae 
 
 poterat licite comprehendi, ipfe, exigentibus fuis prudentia, fapientia, 
 
 et virtutum meritis et probitate, ad regimen totius digne meruit exaltari. 
 
 Omnes enim regnicolse hujus regni de caHce amaritudinis ejus mortis libe- 
 
 runt, quern hujus amarse mortis fatellites participes in ejus occifione 
 
 eifdem propinaverunt ; propter quod omnes inferiores, tanquam felli 
 
 ' Sic MS. 2 pari^ MS. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 29 
 
 potati, intoxicati funt. Ipfe enim a legato apoftolico per o6lo dies ante 
 hoc confefTus eft et abfolutus a poena et culpa. Ifte vero Robertas de 
 Grahame, cum fuis complicibus, nequiffimis proditoribus, per medium 
 fupradi6ti Roberti Steuwart, in cameram di6li ftrenuiffimi principis cufto- 
 dibus evacuatam, proditorum etiam cohortibus invallatam et circurafep- 
 tam, circa horam no6lis decimam eundem principem inermem, veftibus 
 exutum, crudeliter fine mifericordia occidendo jugulaverunt ; qui ante 
 mortem mirabilem defenfionem faciens, primos in fe irruentes* in fortitu- 
 dine brachii fui ad terram ufque proftravit, donee et quoufque tanta mul- 
 titudo eum circumclufit quod eum amplius ab omnibus defendere non 
 potuit. Et fie, tanquam agnus innocens ad vi6limam du6lus, gratias 
 agens et mifericordiam ab Altiflimo implorando, elevatis manibus ad 
 coelum, exfpiravit; in cujus pe<5l6re fupra umbiculum, poft lotionem 
 vulnerum, viginti et o6lo plagae perfoflatae repertae funt. Hanc etiam 
 perfecutionem propter juftitiam paffus eft ; quod videns legatus papae, 
 qui infra o6labas prsecedentes eum a poena et culpa abfolverat, cum 
 lachrymofis fufpiriis, emifla voce magna, et ejus vulnera ofculando lachry- 
 mabilia, coram omnibus aftantibus dixit, quod ipfe in periculo animse fuse 
 caperet quod ipfe in ftatu gratise, pro defenfione reipublica et executione 
 juftitise, tanquam martyr defun6lus eft. 
 
 Ifte vero relinquens poft fe filium fuum, Jacobum fecundum, setatis fex Nomina sex 
 
 filiarum regis 
 
 annorum, et fex filias, videlicet, Margaritam Dalphinellam Franciae, Yfa- Jacobi primi. 
 bellam duciflam Britaniae, Mariam comitiflam Bouchaniae in Selandia 
 maritatam, ac Helienoram duciflam Auftriae ; hae vero quatuor filiae ultra 
 mare nuptae funt; aliae vero duae in Scotia, videlicet, Johanna comitifla 
 de Mortoune, et Maria comitifla de Hontley; quibus honor et gloria in 
 fecula feculorum. — Amen. 
 
 > Irruens, MS. 
 
30 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 SEQUITUR DE TERRIBILI JUDICIO PRO MORTE REGIS SCOTI^E* 
 
 Capitulum Decimum. 
 De morteprodi- poft hsec autem prsefati proditores cum eorum neqiiiffimis fatellitibus 
 
 torum regis Ja- 
 
 cobi. capti funt, incarcerati, et crudeliffimis tormentis condemnati, et morti 
 
 amariffimse deputati, in quadrigis nudi per villas du6li, et per tortores 
 ferris candentibus pun6li, infoffati, pollea ad fummitatem mali navis per 
 funiculos tra6li, et pollerius ad ima defcendentes evifcerati, tra6ti ut tra- 
 ditores, et decapitati et demembrati et in quarteriis per carnifices divili, 
 ac eorum membra poft hoc in portis villarum et oppidum, ad aliorum 
 exempla traditorum, fufpenfa fuerunt, ac eorum capita in excelfis locis 
 notabilioribus villarum et civitatum fuper fpicas ferreas exaltata. Ex- 
 ceptis duo bus de di6lis traditorum complicibus, fratribus germanis de 
 Berclays de Ty^tfmure cognominatis, qui in partibus Franciae clanculo 
 evaferunt, et in partibus Britanniae Minoris cogniti, capti, et ad ducem 
 nobiliffimum Johannem du6li, qui dux inftru6lus de crimine limili morti 
 deprivavit/ ut fupradi^lum eft, et fie nuUus omnino evafit. Poft cujus 
 obitum in tota Chriftianitate, ut veraciter seftimo, ad utilitatem regni et 
 regimen reipublicse non reliquit fibi parem; tantse enim prudentiae erat 
 quod omnia novit, omnia fcivit, ecclefiam honoravit, operarios et 
 colonos ^ dilexit, agricolas protexit, pauperes, pupillos, viduas, orphanos, 
 et omnes miferabiles perlbnas defendere voluit. O lachrymanda, mi- 
 randa, et lamentanda mors mifera, quae nulli excellentiae parcit, immo 
 Conditori pari omnia rapit. Judicia enim Dei abyflus multa ; nam 
 ficut exaltatur coelum a terra ita viae ejus a viis hominum, et co- 
 gitationes ejus a cogitationibus eorum. Sed heu! quod reges noftri 
 
 ' Sic MS. « Colnes, MS, 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 31 
 
 juvenes funt fsepius, in quorum temporibus juftitia claudicat frequenter, 
 et caufa hujus ell eo quod non funt fapientes, nee prudentes ad cognof- 
 cendam viam aequitatis et juftitiae. Nam, ut dicunt fan6li viri, princeps 
 non literatus afinus coronatus, quia cseci funt principes non literati. 
 Item, propheta in tuba Domini dicit, ' Captivus du6lus ell populus meus, 
 quia non habuerunt fcientiam, et principes eorum perierunt.' Etiam 
 principes qui funt ignari ignaros conllituunt fuos officiarios jullicise et 
 caecos, nihil fcientes fapientiae, fcientes vel prudentiae ; et caufa ell quia 
 nobiles Scotise non dignantur fcientiam addifcere. Sed quomodo potell 
 quis fcire litteras nili prius didifcerit eas ? Ideo jullitia [in] regno Sco- 
 tiae ell debilis et tepida in defe6lu regum, juvenum, et baronum inlipien- 
 tium,' quod dolenter refero. Sed quia in defe6lu juftitiae multi perie- 
 runt fame, quidam fitientes et efurientes juftitiam quamdam inftru6lionem 
 ignaris judicibus in vulgari modo compilavit ^ ut fequitur. 
 
 » Incipientium, MS. ' Sic MS; 
 
32 
 
 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 INCIPIT ENIM SIC FIGURATA PER CITHERAM^ STATUM REGNI DESIGN ANS 
 
 QU^DAM MORALITAS. 
 
 Capitulum Undecimum. 
 
 Rycht as all flryngis ar rewlyt in a harpe 
 In an accorde, and turnyt all be ane uth, 
 Quhilk is as kyng, thane curiufly thai carpe, 
 The fang is fueit quhen that the found is fuyth; 
 Bot quhene thai ar difcordand, fals, and muth, 
 
 Scitheram, MS. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 33 
 
 Thaire will na man tak plefance in that play, 
 Thai mycht weill thole the menftrale war away. 
 
 Bot, and the ftryngis be nocht all trew and trafl, 
 Quhat fall we fa ? fall we the menftrale wyt ? 
 Yha bot he bent and pruve thaim with his wraft, 
 Be thai untreu pul out and mak all qwyt. 
 And utheris treu put in thaire fteddis als tyt. 
 And change ay fua, quhil he find trew acord, 
 Thane will men fa he is worth to be a lord. 
 
 Thou ryall kyng all thus fuld reule thi realme; 
 Gud founde and futhfaft to thi fuggei^ gyve, 
 The tung to teiche all fuld be tane is toune. 
 The luffe fuld gar thi leigis laulyk leyve. 
 Thou fuld fyft the fubje6lis throw a feyve, 
 Se quha war worth to worfchip, quha to wa, 
 And thaim rewarde efter as thai cau^ the ma. 
 
 Raward worthy and punys wikkytne^, 
 Nuris vertu, exclude vice and erroure, 
 Confider weill the found of thi gud fugged, 
 Knaw thaire curage as face in a meroure ; 
 Sene God maid the to be thaire governoure, 
 And thou put blynd men in thi governance, 
 Thou fall be punyft for thaire ignorance. 
 
 For lie men as thou deputis under the, 
 Quhether thai be full wykkyt men or wyfP, 
 
 E 
 
34 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 All men will trail that fik lyk man thou be, 
 As thow committis to governe thin office; 
 How fuld a mane but knaulage keip jullice? 
 Nor but wyfdome be a governoure? 
 Thus may thow never of thi diedis haf honour. 
 
 Bot gare gounge lordis lludy in the lawyl?, 
 And in thaire goutheide tak fum techement ; 
 How fuld a man be wyi? that na thyng knawii? 
 To gyff the counfale in thi parleament ? 
 Nor for to gyff a rychtwyl? jugement ? 
 Or for to governe juflice in the landis, 
 That has thaire wyt to feik at utheris handis ? 
 
 O prince, think quhy thi croune was gevyn the till, 
 Thi fueirde, thi feptoure, in takyngnge of juftifi>, 
 Fra heall God to difcerne gud fra ill, 
 Expell wykkyt, and lufe thaim that ar wyff> ; 
 And oure all thing put wy^ men in office, 
 And knaw thaim weill that fall thi jugis be, 
 Sen all the pleicht and perale lyis on the. 
 
 Bot, fen a mannis wyt may nocht fuffifP 
 
 For to maynteynie fa hee a governance, 
 
 Thow fuld gar cherif^ the confale at war wyfi^, 
 
 Be all the iij. Eflatis ordinance; 
 
 And lay all hale the charge in thare balance, 
 
 To gyff the confale in thi goverment. 
 
 As thai will anfueire at the hee jugement. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 35 
 
 And cheil^ na man, for hee lordfchip, na blud, 
 Na gret pouwar of ryches, to confale, 
 Bot be eleccioune chofyne men of gud, 
 Quhilk God and man plel^ thare governale, 
 Quhilkis as the votifTe of all the commons hale, 
 To lufFe God, lawte, juftice, and prudence. 
 And knawyne of gud lyffe and of gud concience. 
 
 And tak nocht all the birdyng on the bak, 
 With fpeciale counfale in to privyte ; 
 Gyflf it be ill, thou fall have all the lak, 
 Thoht it be weill fmale honoure is to the ; 
 For ever the profFyt of the comunite 
 Is put abak, quhen fie men has the cure. 
 And ever the crowne is indegent and pure. 
 
 This may fe^ be futh experience, 
 
 Be officeris that has the gud to fpend. 
 
 Thai gar the trow thou may nocht niak dyfpence 
 
 On thi houfhalde nocht half a geire till end, 
 
 Bot in huntyne and in fornynge thai the fend 
 
 On lordis and one abbais heire and thare ; 
 
 Thai by lordfchyppis, bot thou art alwais bare. 
 
 Quhat makkis this bot catyfe tratouris, 
 Quhilkis couth never confale bot in cuvaty^ ? 
 Quhilkis had never hart, na heid, till he honoris, 
 
 » Sic MS. 
 
36 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 Wenand na wy but wrechitnefe is wyfP ? 
 
 Lord God ! quhare are thir princis hee of priff 
 
 Quhilkis in juftice fet all thare erdly glore, 
 
 And rychit thaim felfe and thaire realme more and more ! 
 
 Thaire fuld never catyfe confale be to kyng, 
 Na kyng fuld never of his fmale coumptis knaw, 
 Na wit of fcantnel^, na of wrechyt thyng, 
 That mycht his hart to dreid of myfler draw ; 
 All his delyt fuld be to keip the law. 
 For hee honour, hee worfchip and ranoune, 
 With wrechitnei^ reflis never in a perfoune. 
 
 It is degradyng till a kyngis croune 
 
 To mell hym with fmale wrechyt befynei?, 
 
 Na with na tutwlaris for to rouk and roune, 
 
 To leire to conquefl guddis with fcantne^; 
 
 Nobilite fuld mell hot with nobilneiP, 
 
 And fpecialy the ryale magefte 
 
 Suld never be travelde bot in materis hee. 
 
 For (ic men confalis ever to cuvatyi^, 
 
 The quhilk to law is mortale enemy ; 
 
 Gret cuvatil^ is merchande of juflyi^, 
 
 And ever is redy law to fell and by. 
 
 Suld nane be fie of thi confale for thy, 
 
 Na beire office quhare in thi honoure lyi^, 
 
 Quhilkis mycht be bocht fra juftice on this wyilP. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 37 
 
 Bot wald thow wit all the providence, 
 
 Of all thin office to thi gret confale ; 
 
 To chei^ trew men that war of he prudence, 
 
 Of all guddis to have the governale, 
 
 Quhilkis war nother wrechit, gredy, nor perchiale, 
 
 Sparand the gud, and fpendand thi honore 
 
 Mar for thaire profyt na for thi valoure ; 
 
 And exclude all effeccioune fingulere, 
 And to the commoun profyt ever tak heide ; 
 Quhene kyngis fettis thaim for prow particulere 
 Thaire realme fall never have honour of thaire deide, 
 Dowtis thou to want, or quhare of has thou dreide ? 
 Luffe Weill thi God, and ferve and keip juftiff; 
 Rychei? redondis to men that ar rychtwyfP. 
 
 Quha wald be ryche have ee till honour ay, 
 For rychei^ folouys honour ever mare; 
 Till honour wyfdom is the neraft way, 
 And wyfdum to vertu is the verra ayre. 
 And vertu cumys of fcience and of lare. 
 And fcience cumys only of Goddis grace ; 
 Conquell throw gud lyfFe, travale, and befynace. 
 
 Thus, fen vertu is ground of alkyne grace, 
 And foveraune floure of vertu is juftii?. 
 As well of worfchipe and of wordynel^. 
 
38 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 Sen nane ar falfe bot men that ar rychtwyi?, — 
 
 Hald vertu in thi hart and thou be wyi^, 
 
 And in jullice fet all thi befy cure, 
 
 Thi realme fall ryche and thou fall never be pure. 
 
 Quhen Rome was regnet be wyl^men cenatouris, 
 
 In jullice and in publik polefy 
 
 Owre all this erd thai ware lordis and vi6touris. 
 
 And tuk tribut for foverane fyngnyfy;^ 
 
 Bot quhene the well of jullice was gan dry, 
 
 And publyk prow paflit in divilioune, 
 
 Thair gret glore turnyt in defolacioune. 
 
 Heirfor keip law, gyff thou will hald thi land ; 
 
 And luff larges, or thou fall lordfchip \ey3; 
 
 But quhilkis gret flate mycht never lang ftedfaft iland, 
 
 The fampill futh befor thi felf thou feyl^, 
 
 For fait of law all favore of fortoune flevl?, 
 
 Hir forfetturis fermly fcho haldis of feed. 
 
 For quhilkis hir dynt is dilhonor or deed. 
 
 Jullice makis ryche bath realme and ceteyiP, 
 Baith kyng and knave, knycht, clergy and commone; 
 Haldis pepill in pes and gud profperitey^, 
 Salfis thaire faulis, makis thaire falvacioune : 
 Quhar lak of law bryngis all this up fid doune, 
 
 ' Sic MS. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 39 
 
 And makis all pure, bath prince and potentatis; 
 Thane God and man and all this warld thaim hatis. 
 
 Quhare is thi mycht, thi gold and thi e^, 
 
 That to the fpard wes in thi tender age ? 
 
 Quhilk fa mychti in Scotland never gyt wel^, 
 
 Nother kyng na prince that men as in knalage, 
 
 The to fuple at neid in thi barnage, 
 
 In tyme of weire or uthir neceffite, 
 
 Quhare it is now? quha can the tell? lat fe! 
 
 And all the fommyl^ of jowaUs and trefoure 
 Of thin elderis, quhare is it went away? 
 Quhan it as now fuld thou afk comt therfore 
 Off the dettouris maft forl^ ar lukyn in clay ? 
 Thi gret gouthage has put let in delay ; 
 Thus mone thou mak of neid vertu I trail, 
 To crave deid men thou travelis all in waft. 
 
 Bot gret perale of this is aperand, 
 
 That quhene a kyng is bare and has na gud 
 
 In his trefoure, and fyne a barane land, 
 
 Of mynnis of gold na boilgone multitude, 
 
 Fertill of folk with gret fcantnef^ of fud, 
 
 Have hym behuyl? the contre mone hym beere; 
 
 Thus mone he tak of thaim that as maft geire. 
 
 Juftice wald have a generale prefident, 
 Ane auditoure of complayntis of the pure, 
 Quhilk dayly fuld minifter jugement 
 
40 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 To pure folk that cryis juftice at the dure, 
 Spendand mare na thaire clame is of valure, 
 And put a bak quhill gret caul^ be defyd, 
 Syne lefand all, for poverte may nocht byd. 
 
 It is unpoffible to thi gret confale 
 For till difcul^ all cau^ fmal and gret, 
 Bot to fmale men commyt all caul^ fmale 
 Of pure plantis that ghameris at thi get, 
 Quhilkis dayly has nocht halfe thaire fill of met, 
 With wyffis and barnis fuowand for fait of bred, 
 For quhilkis God fall the chalance of thaire deed. 
 
 Thy jugis als, at has juftice to leed, 
 Abufis oft tyme thaire jurifdiccioune ; 
 Stopand the law for luff, frenfchip, or feed. 
 For reddoure, raqueft, for meid or warryfoune ; 
 Syn quhen party complengeis to the croune 
 Thai fend thaim to thaire awyne jugis agane, 
 Quhilkis for thaire playnt full deire fal be the payne. 
 
 Bot this is nocht the rycht ordoure of juftice, 
 Quhene ony party compienjeis to the croune 
 Apone a juge, that he be nocht rychtwyl^, 
 His playnt is worth ane appellacioune ; 
 Thane fuld the confale gar wiMen fyt doune, 
 Se quhilk of thaim as rycht, and quha the wrang, 
 And puny^ well the faultoure or he gang. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 41 
 
 And gyf the juge makis fault or forfe6lure, 
 
 Commyttand crime on to thi magefte 
 
 In his office, the quhilk thou beris the cure, 
 
 Puny^ that weil, as it afferis to be, 
 
 And lat hvm never beire office mare of the ; 
 
 Quhilk gyff thou dois nocht, fra that tyme forthe vart 
 
 Of his myfdeid thou art baith art and part. 
 
 lij. maneris ar of jullice generale; 
 
 Fyrll to thi God, fyne to thin awyne perfoune ; 
 
 To God thou hald thi hart and confciens hale. 
 
 As to thi felfe thou exceid nocht refoune. 
 
 Syne to law, to pepill, and to commoune, 
 
 Bot fyrll thou fuld fchaw thaim a gud mirroure, 
 
 For pepill oft tyme folowyi? the trad of the paftoure. 
 
 Quhal thank cummys God the for to juftyfy 
 
 Thir pure common!?, that thou has in to cure, 
 
 And fyne thi felfe to leyf mad tyranly, 
 
 Doand na refoune to na creature? 
 
 Lord God, fie lordfchip may nocht lang endure I 
 
 Wald thou tak tent till thir auld ftoris. 
 
 How mony princis ar peryfde one this wyis. 
 
 Gud jullice has ij partis principale; 
 
 The tane is dome and rychtwyi? jugement, 
 
 The tother is to mak the fchathis hale. 
 
42 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI 
 
 Efter the dome the partyis to content, 
 And tharof mak thaim fikkyr incontinent 
 Efter the terme of law all uterly, 
 Or ellis the juge is dettoure veraly. 
 
 Quhat valis men thi rychtwyf> jugement 
 
 With wryt and wax confermyt as afferis, 
 
 And fyne the partys never to be content, 
 
 Bot drychyt and delayit oure fra geire to geris ? 
 
 Trowil^ thou nocht God in head hevyne thaim heris, 
 
 Criand vengeanf>, for fait of lyfis fud, 
 
 Of the and thin that revyf> thaim thus thaire gud? 
 
 San6l Davy fays in haly prophefy, 
 
 The man is befl^ that dois baith dome and law ; 
 
 Quhilk, quhen he gyfRs a fentence futhfaflly, 
 
 Gerris execut for ony mannys aw, 
 
 Nocht anerly to feel a nakyt faw ; 
 
 For to Godvart is bot deryfioune 
 
 A bare fentence but execucioune. 
 
 And be it a fentence of a foverane lord 
 Quhilk lignifyis regioune fuperlatyve, 
 Quhen dome is gyfFyne and na remed fet ford, 
 And terme of law allegit to prefcryve, 
 Efter that terme thaire is na man on lyve 
 
 « Sic MS. 
 
REGIS SCOTTORUM. 43 
 
 Ma it gancall, but hurtyne of the croune, 
 And degradyng of his jurifdiccioune. 
 
 Yyt is thaire a thyng that mekill grevyi? thi croune, 
 Quhilk feildyne is remedyt in the land; 
 Quhene ony makkis rebelHoune, 
 Nocht bowfumly obeyand to thi wand, 
 Deforffand fereffis, maflaris, or fergiand, 
 Thaire is na punyfyng, hot lat owre pa^; 
 Quhair nan aw is, how fuld thare folow grace? 
 
 Bot of a thing all gud men mervalis mare, 
 Quhene gret confale, with thin awyne confent, 
 Has ordand llrayt juftice na man to fpare. 
 Within fchort tyme thou changis thin entent ; 
 Sendand a contre^ letter incontinent, 
 Chargeand that of that mater mare be nocht; 
 Thane all the warld murmwris that thow art bocht. 
 
 Thaire is a pure man heryd uterly. 
 
 And tynt bayth coft, Jaboure, and principale ; 
 
 Thi faul, thi honour, blekyt petuyfly. 
 
 And crabbit all thi confale generale; 
 
 War it in France men wald mak ceffione hale 
 
 In parliament, and nocht bow to thi croune, 
 
 Quhill thou had maid thaim a reformacioune. 
 
 I Sic MS. 
 
44 CHRONICON JACOBI PRIMI. 
 
 Thou fuld al^ mak llrayt inhibicioune 
 That nan tak bud for gyft of benefice ; 
 Nor for to do that offence to the crouue, 
 To tak reward for doyng of juftice; 
 Thai offend baith to God and to thare office, 
 And all? ar courll of law and of fpiritualite, 
 Quhilk but the pape may nocht alToilgit be. 
 
 And quhene thou gyffis a playne remiffioune, 
 In cas requerand rigoure of juftice, 
 But gudly caul? thou offendis to the croune. 
 And forfettis bayth to God and thin office. 
 
THE DETHE OF 
 
 THE KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 
 
 ts 
 
:'.i i i 
 
HERE FOLOWYNG BEGYNNYTHE A FULLE LAMENTABLE CRONYCLE, OP THE 
 DETHE AND FALSE MURDURE OF JAMES 3TEWARDE, LAST KYNGE OF 
 SCOTYS, NOUGHT LONG AGONE PRISONER YN ENGLANDE, THE TYMES 
 OF THE KYNGES HENRYE THE FIFTE AND HENRY THE SI^TE. 
 
 THE DETHE OF THE KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 
 
 Robert Steward, the kyng of Scotis, hadde ij fonnys ; of the whiche 
 the eldere was a femely mane of perfoone, and knyght, clepid the duke of 
 Rofeye ; and the yonger, clepid James Steward, that was bote of yeres 
 yonge and meane of llature. This duke of Rofeye perfeyvyd in his 
 reafon the greet age of the kyng his fadir, the ympotencye of his lymmes 
 and membirs, the febilenefe of his perfone that fore vexed hyme yn his 
 age, begane unlawefully to tak upon hym the royalle guvernance. Thurghe 
 the whiche prefumcion, orguyle, and pruyde, he wexe fulle of vicioufnes 
 yn his lyvyng, as yn difpufellyng and defowlyng of yong madyns, and yn 
 brekyng the ordire of weddelok, by his fowle ambicious luil of that vo- 
 lupteuus luft of advoutre. Wherfore the lordes and the nobles of the 
 
48 THE DETHE OF THE 
 
 rewme of Scotland, confideryng that vicious lyvyng of that faid duke * 
 
 Thes traturs, furters, and contradles, ended, by the counfell and confente 
 of bothe the pairties of the kynges, the kyng of Scottes hadde leve enla- 
 giffid, and had faufecondit of his maifter the kyng of England, for fo the 
 kyng of Scottes clepid hym, to returne fafe and fownde ayene ynto his 
 region of Scotteland. 
 
 Of whos cumyng the erle Douglas and the erle of Bowgham, fully 
 advertifed to hemfelfe in thaire owne mifgovernance, he beyng kyng and 
 abfent, ne durfte nat abide his home-cumyng, for fere of the pitous dethe 
 of the duke of Rofey, his brother, whome thay haved fo mifchevoully 
 murdurid unlawfully yn prifone, as afore this cronycle made clere memo- 
 rie, they ordeynd hem, for dowte of thare lyvys, withe a gret nowmber of 
 thare frendis and fubje6les, withe alle the poflibilite, to paffe the fee ynto 
 France. Frome whenfe thay come never ; bott both thay, with many 
 other worfhipfulle capitaignes, knyghtes, and fwyers, and lordes of the 
 Armynakes and Scottes, all enmyes to the kyng of England, were flayne 
 and takyne at the bataile of Vernoile yn Perche, withyne the reume of 
 France, by that noble and fo excellent prynce John of Loncafter, duke 
 of Bedeford, thene the regent of France, to whome that day God granted 
 the difconfitoure and vi6lorye of the feld. 
 
 Remanyng at thare home the duke of Albayne, the erle of Leynys, 
 the erle of Manthet, Watir Stuard, and other many lordes of Scotteland, 
 thynkyng that thay were fo ncghe of the kynges blode of Scottes, and 
 
 * A leaf has been here torn out of the manuscript. 
 
KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 49 
 
 demyng alfo yn theire confeites that [thai] hade nat offended theire kyng 
 yn no wife, hot fo abode ftill yn the lande the kyngs cumyng home out 
 of England ynto Scotteland. Whome all, with many other of thare 
 afinite, the faide kynge of Scottis lete arrefl and hem feverally yn dy- 
 verfe caftell full hard prifoned, till he had fondon meanes and wais for to 
 do hem lawfully to deth, as falfe traitours, becaufe of the falfe murdure 
 of his brother the duke of Rofay. Whos dethe the people of the land 
 fore grutched and mowrnud, feying that thay fuppoifed and ymagynd 
 that the kyng did rather that vigorious execucion upon the lordes of his 
 kyne for the covetife of thare pofTeffions and goodes thane for any other 
 rightfull caufe, allethofe he fonde colourabill wais to ferve his entent yn 
 the contrarye. 
 
 All thos thinges thus done, the faide kynge of Scottes, noght ftanchid 
 of his unfacionable and gredi advercite,* ordeynd that tallage and other 
 impoficions upon his people, gretter and more chargeant then ever were 
 acuftumyd afore that tyme. So that the comoners of his land fecretly 
 clepid hym nat rightwes hot a tirannous prynce, what for the outrageus 
 impoficions importables of ufe, on taxes and tallages, upon his poure 
 fubje6les and peple. But, after the wifdome of fome philifophers, the 
 comone langage of the peple oft fpekith without reafon. Neverthelefe 
 many of the lordes of that land, dredyng fore of the harme that might 
 betide, drowghe hem to counfell how thay myght withfland and refifl 
 the kynges tyrannye, fithe he hade fo litille pite of the dethe done to hyme 
 of his lordes, many of hem beyng fo negh of his roiall blode, and alfo of 
 the gredi covetife that he oppreffid and enpoverifid his comonalte. 
 Withall, the kyng beyng prefent yn his faid cownefell, rofe up with a 
 maneli fwollon hart a knyght, clepid fir Robert Grame, a grete gentil- 
 
 • Sic MS, 
 
50 THE DETHE OF THE 
 
 mane and an erles fune, a mane of grete wit and eloquence, wundir fut- 
 tilye wittyd and expert yn the lawe ; faying thes wordes opynly to the 
 lordes, *' Sirs, yf ye woll firmely ftond by that at I (hall fay to the kyng 
 yn youre audience, I truft to God that we fhall fynde a good remodye 
 and helpe." To the which faying the lords confentid and faide that they, 
 truftyng holly yn his prudent and difcrete manehode, wold conferme and 
 confent, yn hie and low, to mayntene all that he wold tak on hand to fay 
 for the general weele of hem and of all that land yn that mater by hym 
 then mevid. 
 
 Upon this the kyng lete to fomond a parliament of the iij allatis of his 
 rewme, where this fame fir Robert Grame, fulle fette and afurid and 
 purpofid to performe that at he had behight and promyfid unto the 
 lordes, as is afore reherfid. He rofe upe with a grete corage, with a 
 violent chere and countenance, fette handes upon the kyng, fayng thos 
 wordes, " I arreft you yn the name of all the Thre Aftates of your reume, 
 here now affemblid yn this prefent parliament ; for right as youre liege 
 peple be bundun and fworne to obeye your majefle rialle, yn the 
 fame wife bene ye fworne and enfurid to kepe youre peple, to kepe 
 and guverne youre lawe, fo that ye do hem no wronge, bot yn all right 
 mantene and defend hem." And there and then forthwith the faid fir 
 Robert Grame, afuryng hym fully yn the promyfe made unto hym bi the 
 faid lordes, faid, " Is hit nat thus as I fay?" Unto the which fayng none 
 of all the Aftates afore reherfid wold, ne durft, fpeke oone word, bot 
 kapid filence. The kyng therwith percevyng all this prefumptuous re- 
 beUion and wirchyng of the faid fir Robert Grame, gretly movyd and 
 ftirryd ayenft hym, as that reafon wold, lete do hym arreft and commandid 
 to put hym yn fure and hard prifone. This fir Robert Grame, feyng 
 hymfelf thus defavyd there of the faid lordes, fpake and faid yn this wife, 
 
KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 51 
 
 " He that ferveth a common mane, he ferveth by fhort procefe of tyme." 
 After this the kynge exiled this fir Robert Grame, and all his heritages 
 and goodes deemed as forfatiirs to the kyng. 
 
 Upon his exile this fir Robert Grame toke his [way] ynto the cun- 
 treis of the Wild Scottis, wher that he confpired and ymagynd how that 
 he myght defl:ruye his kyng, and forthwith he renounfed his legeance, 
 and by wordes and by writyng he defied hem, feying that he had defl^ruyd 
 hym, his wif and his childerne, his hartages and all his other godes, by 
 his cruel! tyranny. Wherfor he faid he wold flee hym [with] his owne 
 handes as his mortall enmye, yf wer he myght fe tyme and find wais and 
 meanes. Therto the kyng, hugely vexid in his fpretes with the traitu- 
 rous and malicious rebellion of the faid fir Robert Grame, did mak an 
 opyn proclamacion by all the rewme of Scotteland, that whofo myght 
 flee or tak hyme and bryng hym to the kynges prefence, fliould have iij 
 thowfand demyes of gold, every pece worth half an Engliffli Noble. 
 
 Noght long after this the kyng lete fo ordeyne his parhament yn due 
 forme at Edenbourghe, fomunde yn the yere of oure Lorde a thowfand, 
 foure hundreth, fix and thirty e, yn the feft of All Hallo wen. To the 
 which parliament the faid fir Robert Grame ftired a full cruell vengance 
 ayene the kyng, fent privie meflages and letturs to certayne men and 
 fervantes of the duke of Albayne, whome the kyng a litill afore hade done 
 rigorufly to deth, lich as hit is entitild here afore, opynly, that if thay 
 confent and faver hym he wold uttirly take upon hym for to flee the kyng, 
 leil thurgh his tyrannye and covetife he wold defl;ruy this reume of Scotte- 
 land ; and the corone of the land fliall be yovon to fir Robert Stuard, 
 which is the kynges cofyn and next of the right of the corone, hot yf the 
 kyng had a fune, the fame Robertes fadir thenne Hggyng in hoft;age 
 to the kyng of England for the faid James kyng of Scottes, yn the Towre 
 
52 THE DETHE OF THE 
 
 of London, till that his fynaunce were fully content and paid. And the 
 faid fir Robertes grantefire, the erle of Athetelles, [was] of that treifon 
 and counfell, as hit was faid ; and by hymfelfe fecretly defirid and covetid 
 to have the corone. For which caufes, the fame fir Robert Grame was 
 half the better confentid to bryng thaire purpofe to effe6le. For this 
 fame fir Robert Stuard did ever abide yn the kynges prefence, full 
 famulier aboute hyme at all houres and mofl; privey above all other ; 
 and was a full gentill fquyer, freffli, lufl:y and right amyable, whome the 
 kyng entierly loved as his owne fone, and for the tendure love that he 
 had to hyme he made [hym] confl:able of all his hoft, at the fege of 
 Edenbourgh.* 
 
 After this the kyng fodanly avifid made a folempne fell of the Crif- 
 tynmes at Porthe, which is clepid Sant Johns towne, which is from Eden- 
 bourgh on that other fide of the Scottefli See, the which is vulgarly cle- 
 pid the Water of Lithe. Yn the myddis of the way thare arofe a wo- 
 man of Yreland, that clepid herfelfe as a futhefayer. The which anone 
 as fhow faw the kyng, flie cried with lowde voife, fayng thus, " My lord 
 kyng, and ye pafe this water, ye fliall never turne ayane on lyve." The 
 kyng heryng this was afl:onyed of hir wordis, for bot a litill to fore he 
 had red yn a prophefie that yn the felfe fame yere the kyng of Scottes 
 fliuld be flayne. And therwithall the kyng as he rode clepid to him oone 
 of his knyghtis, and gave hym yn commaundment to torne ayane to fpeke 
 with that woman and aik of here what flieo wold, and what thyng flieo 
 ment with her lowd cryyng. And flieo began and told hym as ye hafe 
 hard of the kynge of Scottes, yf he pafifed that water as now. The kynge 
 afkid her how flieo knew that ? And flieo faid that Huthart told her fo. 
 
 • Sic, Roxburgh. 
 
KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 53 
 
 " Sire," quod he, " men may cal ant Y tak non hede of yond womans 
 wordes, for fheo nys hot a drunkune fule, and wot not what fheo faith." 
 And fo with his folk paffid the water, clepid the Scottiffhe See, toward 
 Saynt Johnnes towne, bott iiij myles from the cmitreth of the Wild Scottes, 
 where, yn a clofter of Blak Frers withowt the faid towne, the kyng held a 
 gret feft. Where upon a day as the kyng plaid at the cheffes with oone of 
 his knyghtis whome yn playng wife he clepid kyng of Love, for he was a 
 lufti man, full amorous and much medeled hym with loves arte. And as 
 hit came the kyng to mynd of the prophecie fpokyne tofore, the kyng 
 faid to this knyght, " Sir Kyng of Love," quod he, " hit is nat long 
 agone lith I redd a prophecie, fpokyne of tofore, that I faw how that this 
 yere fhuld a kyng be flayne yn this land ; and ye wote wele, fir Alex- 
 ander, there be no mo kynges yn this reume bot ye and I, and therfor I 
 cownefell you that ye be well ware, for I let you wit that I ftiall ordeyne 
 for my fure kepyng fufficiently, I trufl to God, fo I am undir your kyng- 
 hood and yn the fervice of Love." And thus the kyng yn his folas plaid 
 with the knyght. 
 
 Withyn fhort tyme after this, the kyng beyng yn his chambur, talkyng 
 and playng with the lordes, knyghtis and fquyers that were abowte hyme, 
 fpak of many dyvers maters. Amonges was ther a fquyer that was right 
 acceptable to the kyng, that fpeke, and faid, " For fothe my lord," quod 
 he, " me dremed varelye to nyght that fir Robert Grame ftiuld hafe flayne 
 you." And that heryng the erle of Orkeney thoo warnyd the fquyer 
 that he fliuld hald his peace and tell none fuch tales yn the kynges pre- 
 fence. And therwith the kyng, heryng this fquyers dreme, remembred 
 hymfelfe how that fame nyght how [he] had a fweyvyn flepyng, and 
 femyd to hym veraly that a cruell ferpent and an horribill tode aflailid 
 hym furioufly yn his kynges chambur ; and how he was fore afright and 
 
54 THE DETHE OF THE 
 
 aferd of hym, and that be had nothyng wherwith he myght focoure 
 and defend hymfelfe bot oonly a paire of tanges that ftudyn yn the 
 chymnethe. And many other tokyns and tailes, liche to this, the which 
 now may well be demyd by varay demonftracions and alfo prenoftica- 
 cions to the kyng of his deth and murdur, had he or the tyme of his deth 
 fell. Alfo oone of kynges traitours, clepid Chrillofere Chawmebur, that 
 was a fquyer of the dukes hous of Albayne, iij tymes he drugh hym to 
 the kynges prefence, for he wold haf playnely opynd and told hym of the 
 purpos of all the traitours that wer aboute to murdure hyme, bycaufe 
 that the kyng withowt any caufe hatid hym rightfully. And thus, as hit is 
 faid by the old wife fadirs many years or we were borne, what thyng that 
 deflyned to a perfon, be hit late be hit fone, at the laft ever hit cumythe. 
 Thus, after this, cane faft apporoch the nyght, yn the which the faid 
 James Stward kyng of Scottes Ihuld falfely, hym unwittyng, fufFure his 
 horribill deth by murdure ; this which is pite that any gentill or gode 
 man to thynk upon. So both afore foper and long aftire ynto quarter of 
 the nyght, in the which the erle of Athetelles and Robert Stward were 
 aboute the kyng, wher thay wer occupied att the playing of the cheffe, 
 att the tables, yn redying of Romans, yn fyngyng and pypyng, yn harp- 
 yng, and in other honeft folaces of grete pleafance and difport. Ther- 
 with came the faid woman of Yreh nd, that clepid herfelf a dyvenoureffe, 
 and entred the kynges courte till that Ihe came flreght to the kynges 
 chambur dore, where fheo Hood and abode by caufe that hit was fhitte 
 arid faft; (heo knokyd till at the laft the uftier opynd the dure, marvelyng 
 of that womans beyng thair that tyme of the nyght and afkyng here 
 what ftieo wold ? " Let me yn, fire," quod ftieo, " for I haf fumwhat to 
 fay and to tell unto the kyng ; for I am the fame woman that noght long 
 agone defirid to haf fpokyn with hym at the Lithe whane he ftiuld palTe 
 
KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 55 
 
 the Scottifh See." The wfflier went yn and told hym of this woman. 
 " Yea," quod the kyng, " let hir cume to morrow ;" bycaufe that he was 
 occupied with fuche difportes at that tyme hym lit not to entend her as 
 thenne. The wffher came ayane to the chamber dore to the faid woman, 
 and there he told her that the kyng was befye in playng, and bid hir cum 
 foo ayane upon the morow. " Well," faid the woman, " hit Ihall re- 
 pent yow all that ye wil nat let me fpeke nowe with the kyng." Ther- 
 at the ufflier lughe and held her hot a fole, chargyng her to go her way ; 
 and therwithall fheo went thens. 
 
 Withyn an owre the kyng afkid the voidee and drank, the travers yn 
 the chambure edraw and every man depairtid and went to rill. Than 
 Robert Stward, that was right famylier with the kyng and had all his 
 commandementes yn the chamber, was the lall that departid ; and he 
 knewe well the falfe purveid treifon and was confentid therto, and ther- 
 fore left the kynges chamburs doore opyne, and had bruffed and blundird 
 the lokes of hem yn fuch wife that no man myght fhute hem. And abowt 
 mydnyght he laid certayne plaunches and hurdelles over the diches of the 
 diche that environed the gardyne of the chambure, upon which the faid 
 traitours entred. That is to fay the forfaid lir Robert Grame, with other 
 of his covyne ynto the nowmbur of thre hundreth perfons ; the kyng that 
 fame tyme ther ftondyng yn his night gowne, all unclothid fave his fhirt, 
 his cape, his combe, his coverchif, his furrid pynfons, upon the forme and 
 the foote ftieet ; fo ftondyng afore the chymney playng with the qwene, 
 and other ladis and gentilwomen with here, caft ofFe his nyght gowne for 
 to have gone to bedd. But he harkynd and hard grete noife without 
 and grete clateryng of harnych, and men armyd, with grete light of 
 torches. Than he remembred hym and ymagynd anone that hit Ihuld 
 be [the] falfe tratours knyght, his deedy enemy, fir Robert Grame ; and 
 
56 THE DETHE OF THE 
 
 fodenly the qwene, with all the other ladis and gantilwomen, rane to the 
 chawmber dure and fonde hit opyne ; and thay wold have Ihitt hit hot the 
 lokes wer fo blundrid that thay nethir cowth ne myght fhut hit. The kyng 
 prayd hem to kepe the fame dore as wele as thay myght and he wold do 
 all his myght to kape hym to withflond the falfe malice of his traitours 
 and enmys, he fuppoifyng to have brellyn the farrementz of the chaum- 
 bur wyndos, bot thay wer fo fqware and llrongli fowdid yn the flonys 
 with moltyne lede that thay myght not be broflyne for hym, withowtyn more 
 and flrenger helpe. For which caufe he was ugly allonyed and yn hys 
 mynd kouth thynk on none other focoure bot ftart to the chymney and 
 toke the tonges of yren that men rightid the fire with yn tyme of neede, 
 and undir his fete he myghtily brafl up a plaunch of the chaumbur flora 
 and therwithall cuverid hym ayane, and entred adowne lowe beneth 
 amongis thordure of the privay that was all of hard flone and none wyndow 
 ne ifhue therupon, fave a litill fquare hole even at the fide of the bothum 
 of the pryvay, that at the makyng therof old tyme was lev id opyne to 
 clenfe and ferme the faid privay, by the which the kyng myght well ef- 
 capid, bot he maid to let ilop hit well iij dayes afore hard with ftone, 
 bicaufe that whane he playd there at the pawme the ballis that he plaid 
 withe oft ranne yn at that fowle hole, for ther was ordenyd withowt a faire 
 playing place for the kyng. 
 
 And fo ther [was] for the kyng nether refchows ne remedie, bot ther 
 he mufl: abide, ellas the while ! The traitours withowt laid at the chaum- 
 bur dors and at the privay dore alfo, with wawis, with levours, and with 
 axes, that at the lafl: thay brak up all and entred, bycaufe the durs 
 were not fafl: fliutte, with fwerdes, axis, glavis, billes, and other terribill 
 and ferefull wepons. Amonges the gret prefe of the which traitours 
 ther was a faire lady fore hurt yn the bak, and other gentilwemen 
 
KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 57 
 
 hurt and fore wondid. With the which the ladis and all the wemen 
 mayd a forowfull Ikrye, and ran away for the hidos fere of tho boif- 
 tous and merciles men of armes. The traitours furioufly paffed forth 
 ynto the chaumbures and founde the quene fo difmaid and abaffid 
 of that horribill and ferfuU guvernance that fhe cowth nether fpeke 
 ne withdrawe here ; and as fho flode ther fo aftonyd as a cryature 
 that had loft here kyndly reafon, oone of the traitours wowndid here 
 full vilanyfly and wold have llayne hire, ne had not bene oone of fir Ro- 
 bert Graroes fones, that thus fpek to hym and faid, " What woll ye dow, 
 for fliame of youre felfe ! to the qwene ? fheo is bot a womane ; let us 
 go and feche the kyng." And then, not wityng wele what fheo did or 
 fhuld do for that ferfull and terribill affray, fledd yn hir kirtill, her 
 raantell hongyng aboute hir ; the other ladyes yn a corner of the chaum- 
 bur cryyng and wepyng all deftraite, made a pitous and lamentable nofe 
 with full hevy lokyng and chere. 
 
 And ther the traitours fought the kyng yn all the chaumbur abowte, yn 
 the withdrawyng chaumburs, yn the litters, undir the prefTes, the fourmes, 
 the chares, and all other places, bot long they befily fought the kyng, 
 bot they couth nat fynd hym, for they nether knew ne remembred the. 
 privay. The kyng, heryng of long tyme no noyfe ne ftiryng of the trai- 
 tours, wende and demyd that thay had all be gone, cryed to the wemen 
 that they fhuld cume with fhettes, and drawe hym up owt of that uncleyne 
 place of the privay. The wemen at his callyng came faft to the pryvay 
 dore that was nat fhutt, and fo tha opynd hit with labure ; and as they 
 were abowteward to helpe upe the kyng, oone of the ladis, clepid Eliza- 
 beth Douglas, fell ynto the privay to the kyng. Therwith oone of the 
 faid traitours, called Robert* Chaumbur, fuppoifid varaly fith thay couth 
 
 • Sic. 
 
58 THE DETHE OF THE 
 
 nat fynd yn none of all the fayd chaumburs the kyng, that he of neffeffite 
 had hyd hym yn the pryvay; and therefore he faid to his felawes, "Sirs," 
 quod he, " wherto ftond we thus idill, and lefe owre tyme, as for the caufe 
 that we be cumne fore hider ? Cumith on furth with me and I {hall redily 
 tell you wher the kyng is." For the fame Thomas* Chaumbur had bene 
 afore right familier with the kyng yn all places, and therfore knewe he 
 wele all the pryvay corners of thoo chaumburs ; and fo he went forth 
 ftreght to the fame pryvay where the kyng was, and perfavyd wele an 
 fawe how a plaunch of the flure was brokyn up, and lift hit up and with 
 a torch lokyd ynne, and faw the kyng ther and a woman with hyme. 
 Sayng to his felows, " Sirs, the fpows is foundon wherfore we bene cumne, 
 and all this nyght haf carold here." Therwithall, oone of the faid tirantes 
 and traitours, clepid fir John Hall, defcendid downe to the kyng, with a 
 grete knyf yn his hand ; and the kyng, dowtyng hym fore of his lif, kaught 
 hym myghtily by the lliuldurs and with full grete violence call hym un- 
 der his fete, for the kyng was of his parfone and llature a mane right 
 manly ftrong. And feyyng another of that Hallis brethyrne that the 
 kyng had the betture of hym, went downe ynto the pryvay alfo for to de- 
 ftroy the kyng ; and anone as he was ther defcendid, the kyng kaught 
 hym manly by the nek and cafl hym above that other, and fo he defowlid 
 hem both undir hyme that all a long moneth after men myght fee how 
 llrongly the kyng had holdyn hem by the throtes, and gretely the kyng 
 ftrogild with hem for to have berevyd thame thare knyvys, by the which 
 labur his handis wer all forkute. Bot and the kyng had bene yn any wife 
 armyd he myght well have efcapid thare malice by the lengthe of his 
 fightyng with thoo ij falfe traitours ; for yf the kyng myght any while 
 lengar have favyd hymfelfe, his fervantes and much other peple of the 
 
 • Sic. 
 
KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 59 
 
 towne by fume fortune fliuld haf had fume knawelege therof, and foo haf 
 cumne to his focoure [and] helpe. Bot, ellas the while, hit wol not be ! 
 fortune was to hym adverfe as yn preferwyng of his life any lengar. 
 
 Therwithall that odyus and falfe traitour, fir Robert Grame, feyng the 
 kyng labord fo fore with thoo two falfe traitours, which he had cail undir 
 his fete, and that he wex faynt and wery, and that he was weponelefe, the 
 more pite was, defcenden downe alfo ynto the pryvey to the kyng, with 
 an horribill and mortall wepone yn his hand. And then the kyng cried 
 hym mercy, " Thow cruell tirant," quod Grame to hym, " thou haded 
 nevyr mercy of lordes borne of thy blode, ne of non other gentilman that 
 came yn thy daunger, therfor no mercy flialt thow have here." Thane 
 faid the kyng, " I befech the that, for the falvacion of my foule, ye woll 
 let me have a confeffore." Quod the faid Grame, ** Thow flialt never 
 have other confefTore bot this fame fwerd." And therwithall he fmote 
 hym thorogh the body, and therwithall the goode kyng fell downe and 
 lamentable with a pitous voyce he cried hym oft mercy, and behight to 
 gyf hym half hys kyngdam and much other good to fave his lif. And 
 then the faid Grame, feyng his kyng and foveran lord ynfortuned with fo 
 much defeyfe, angwffh, and forowe, wold hafe fo levyd and done hym no 
 more harme. The other traitors above, perceyvyng that, fayd onto the 
 fayd fir Robert, " We behote the faithfully, bot yf thow fie hym or thow 
 depart, thow fhalt dye for hym on owre handys fone dowtelefe;" and then 
 the faid fir Robert with the other two that defcendid firfl downe fell upon 
 that noble prynce, and yn full horribill and cruell wife they murdrid hym. 
 Ellas for forow, that fo ynmefurably cruelte and vengance fhuld be done 
 to that worthy prynce, for hit was reportid by true perfons that fawe hym 
 dede, that he had fixtene dedely woundes yn his brefte, withowtyn many 
 and other yn dyverfe places of his body. 
 
60 THE DETHE OF THE 
 
 And hit is reherlid and remembred yn the hiftoriall and trewe cronicles 
 of Scotteland, that yn the felf fame place, by old tyme paffed, there haf 
 bene iij kynges of Scottes flayne. 
 
 And whene this abhominable and horrible homycidie and falfe treafon 
 of this cruell murdur was thus done, the faid traitours fought the qwene, 
 and yn thare furous crueltye wold hafe flayne her yn the fame wife ; hot God 
 of his grace and goodnes prefervyd and kepe here owt of thare handis. And 
 upon this the noife arofe and fprang owt, both ynto the cowrte and ynto the 
 towne, of that horribill doyng and faite of that at the faid traitours hadde 
 done. And anone forthwith all the kynges fervantes that were logid yn 
 his faid court, and all the other peple of the fame towne, with oone will 
 and oone aflent, as the kynges trewe men and his liege fubje6les, comone 
 with force and armes, with many a torch and other lightis, and approched 
 the kynges court. And whene the traitours hard the noife and romore 
 of thos comones, thay with all haft poflibill fled ; hot yit yn thare with- 
 drawyng or thaye were fully pafTed the diches of the kynges place, a wor- 
 thy knyght that was called fir Davy Dunbarre, he allone afcried and pur- 
 fued hem, and with his owne hand floghe oone of hem, and another he 
 fore woundid. And as he faught with them yn thaire fleyng, thay kut 
 of thre of his fyngurs of his oone hand and fore woundid hym upon his 
 hed ; and thay flogh an other yong mane of the kyngys chaumbur that 
 was [a] good grome. 
 
 And yn this wyfe fir Robert Grame with all the other traitours efcapid 
 and droghe hem to the cuntreth of the Wild Scottes; and thay faid 
 amonges hemfelfe, " Ellas, why floghe we not the qwene alfo, for and we 
 had fo done we fliuld have bene out of muche difeafe and trobill, which 
 we bene now lich to have. With here we have caufe gretely to drede 
 here, left fhu woll purfue and laboure for to do vengance upon bus." 
 
KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 61 
 
 And foth hit was the qwene did fuche dihgence and purfuet ayanfl the 
 faid felonouce traitours, that withyne a monethe next aftir that fo abhom- 
 ynable murdure thay were alle takyn and byhedid at Edynburghe. The 
 qwene did hirfelfe grete worihip for here trew acquitable ; hit hathe not 
 oft beene fene fo fodeynly vengaunce takyn upon fo horribille and a cruelle 
 dede. For furll was takyn fir Robert Stuarde and Criftofere Chaumbur, 
 and lad ynto llrong prefone withyne the caftelle of Edynburghe ; and after, 
 by the fentance of the law thay were drawne and hangid and quarterd. 
 Furft, ther was ordenyd a cart wherupone was fet a crofe of grete heght 
 that was maid of tree ; to the which croffe the faid Robert Stuwarde was 
 faft boundone, llondyng upright all nakid, boundon to the bak of the fame, 
 nothyng upon hem hot thare pryvay clothes. The hangman there flond- 
 yng above withe hem, havyng yn his handis a paire fharpe tangis, with the 
 whiche he twitched and all to-tare thare ikynne and fleflhe, that the blode 
 yn fuUe grete quantite ranne downe from hem, that pite was to fee. For 
 thay fuffird paciently alle the cruelle paynes of turmentrye that thay 
 put hem to, and faid unto the faid hangman, ** Dowe whatever ye will 
 dow withe oure wrechide bodies, for we bene gilti and haf welle de- 
 fervyd hit this payneful dethe, and inwyfe and muche more." And 
 thus wer thay ladde, pynchid and payned, by alle the llretes and 
 thorowe oute Edynburghe. At the lall thay lad on heghe afore the 
 Counefell-hows, clepid the Gildhalle, there abydyng an oure and more, 
 that all the peple myght behold and wondir on them. After that, thay 
 were drawne with horfles, all the towne, till thay cam till a place wher was 
 fet ane heghe ynfl:rument of tymbire, upon which balallriars and bowyers 
 ufyn to hong thare harnyffliide bowes to drie ayanfl the funne. Where 
 the fayde hongman toke a rope and knyt hit faft aboute thare birftes, un- 
 dre thaire harmeholes, and drew hem to the hegheft place of that ynftru- 
 
 I 
 
62 THE DETHE OF THE 
 
 ment ; and thay there fo hongynge confeffid opunly to all the warld all the 
 confpiration of the kynges dethe from poynt to poynt. And from theife 
 thay were caried ynto the middis of the marketh place there, where was 
 ordyned an hie fkaffalde upon which with an old rufty axe the faid hong- 
 man fmot of thare hedes, and there quartard hem. And yn this wyfe was 
 exfecucion done upon hem bothe, and thare heddes fet upe of the gates 
 of Sent Johannes Towne. 
 
 Soone after this was takyn the erle of Athetelles by the erle of Ang- 
 wis, and laid ynto the callelle of Edenburghe to prifone. This fame erle 
 of Athetelles was endited, arreyned, and dampned ; hot by caufe of that 
 this was neghe the fefle of Pafcue the croffe was takyn adowne ; and he 
 lad to the polour yn the towne, and ther was he fail boundon and a co- 
 rone of papir put upon his hede, the which was all abowte depaynetid with 
 jubettes, and for the more difpite and fhame to hym was writyne with 
 thes wordes, Traitour, Traitour, Traitour. The buihope of Urbi- 
 nate, legate of owre holy fader the pope, then beyng in Scotteland wpon 
 his ambaffite, hard thare confeffions. And then evyn forthewithe the faid 
 erle of Athetelles was heded, hot he went alwas to have had grace and 
 pardon unto the tyme that rhe hangman had hym upon the fkaffald to 
 be there and then hedid ; for he confeffid and faid that he was not yn no 
 wyfe confentyng ne aflentyng to the kynges dethe, but that he knew ther- 
 of long and kepte hit counefelle, bycaufe that fir Robert Stuward, that 
 was oone of the grettell traitours, was his fonnes fone, and therfore he 
 told hit not to the kyng. Bot yit nevyre the leffe when this fir Robert 
 will therof and told hit to the erle of Athetelles of the kynges deth, he 
 blamyd hyme fore and defendid hym that in no wyfe (huld he be confent- 
 yng to none fuche murdure of his Soveran Lord ; weynyng veraly that 
 nether he ne none of alle the other the whiche bene reherfid afore wold 
 
KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 63 
 
 never have done that murdure yn effe6le. And fo the faide erle told and 
 confeflid at his lyvys end, and his hed, coroned with a corone of yryne, 
 ftondyng upon a fpere fhaft yn the middis of Edenburghe. 
 
 After this fir Robert Grame with many other traitours of his coveene, 
 beyng in captyvyte, were ladde to the towne of Strivellen, and there were 
 thay tourmentede and put to the dethe. The faid fir Robert Grame ftond- 
 yng there, at the wher he was tofore enditid of treifon afore the juftice 
 and the lawe there, upon his arraynment faid playnely that thay had no 
 lawe to do hym to dethe, for he faid he had nat ofFendit hot llayne the kyng 
 his dedely enmye ; for by his letturs, fealed with his feale of armes long 
 tyme afore he had defyed the kyng and renouncid his legeaunce, for 
 caufes reafonables, as he faid. And yf thay wold do hym lawe after the 
 ftatuytes of armes, thay Ihuld delyver hym and let hym go qwite, bicaufe 
 the kyng wold have deftruyd hym yf he had myght. And thus yn that 
 he faid he did no wrong nor fynne, but oonly that he floughe Godes cria- 
 ture, his enemye. Alle thes reafons nether couthe ne myght fuffice for his 
 excufe, the whiche he perceyvyd wele yn alle wife of thare wirchynges. 
 This fame fir Robert Grame withe manly hert and wele avifid, as a mane 
 wele ynftru6le yn lawe and letture, faid thes wordes, ftandyng at the bare 
 afor the juges, alle the peple there affembled for that caufe the felfe 
 tyme. *' O ye alle fo fynfuUe, wrechede, and mercilefe Scottifflie folke, 
 withoute prudens and fulle replet of unavifid folie, I know wele that I 
 Ihalle nowe dye and ma note efcape youre venomous judicialle handes ; 
 for by wille and nat be right ne lawe ye have dampned my bodye to the 
 dethe, the whiche God fuffrethe me at this tyme to refave of you, for no 
 defairt of this accufacion that ye condempne me ynne nowe, hot for other 
 offences and trefpas that I yn the vayne tymes of my youthe have difpleafid 
 hyme ynne. Yit dout Y nat that ye fhalle fe the daye and the tyme that 
 
64 THE DETHE OF THE 
 
 ye fhalle pray for my faule, for the grete good that I have done to you and 
 to alle this reaume of Scottland, that I have thus flayne and delyveryd you 
 of fo cruelle a tirant, the gretteft enemye the Scottes or Scottland myght 
 have, confideryng his unftaunchable covetife, yn his youthe, ayenft alle na- 
 ture, his tirannye ynmefurable, without pite or mercy to fibbe or to freme, 
 to hie or to lawe, to poure or to riche." All thes thynges the faid fir 
 Robert Grame, with many other ynconvenyences, he reherfid there ayanft 
 the kyng ; the whiche reherfale wole be ynne Scotteland many a yere here 
 after ; for he was a mane of grete hart and manhode, and full difcrete, 
 and a grete legifler of lawe pofitive and canone and civil bothe. Yit for 
 alle that, at the lall he was dampned there by the judges of the dethe. 
 This was the fentance of the jugefment, there Ihuld be brought a cart, 
 yn the mydward of the whiche there fhuld be fette fad a tree uperight, 
 longer than a mane ; and with that fame knyf that he floughe the kyng 
 withalle was his hand alle upon heghe nalid fail to that tree, and fo was he 
 had thoroughe out the towne. That edoone, the hangmane was com- 
 mandid withe that fame knyfe to kut of that hand frome the arme. After 
 that he was nalid nakynd, as he was firll borne of his modir, drawen 
 thurghe the towne withowte coerture of any parte of his body, as nature 
 brought hym forth from his modirs wombe, and yn the fame wife ladde 
 thorghe alle the llretes of that towne ; and the tourmentours on every fide 
 hym, withe hookid ynflrumentes of yryne, fuyre bote alle red glowyng, 
 thay pynchid and twynched his theghes, his legges, his armes, his fides, 
 his bake, his fliuldurs, his neke, his wombe, and over alle his body, that 
 was fuUe feke and pitous to loke upon, wher thay fuppoifid mofl: to anoye 
 hyme and greve, that hit was to any mans kynd to forofulle and pitous 
 fight, and to abhomynable to fe. With the ymportible panye of turment, 
 he cried then pitoufly, withe dedely voice for the panys and pafiones that 
 
KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 65 
 
 he fo fuffird, fayng to them that thay did that durife to hym ayenll the 
 lawe, " This that ye done to me is oonly by rigoure of ynmefurable 
 tyrannye. Alle the warld of may clepe you Scottes tirantes, for manekynd 
 may not withe the Hf fuffur ne yndure the paynefulle and tiranuous tour- 
 men trye that ye put me unto. I doute me full fore that, and ye conty- 
 nue thus youre tourmentes upon my wretched perfon, that for the payne 
 ye wille conflrayne me to renye my Creature. And yf I fo doo, I appelle 
 you afor God, the Hie and Chyf Juge of alle manekynde after there de- 
 fertes at the unyverfal dome, that ye bene the varay caufe of the lofle of 
 my faule." Thurghe the whiche fpeche foure of the lordes fo abidyng 
 upon the execucion of this faid fir Robert Grame, moevid of pite, let tak 
 him doune, and, as he was all nakyd, lappid yn a rough Scottiffhe man- 
 telle, and call hym ayane with a grete violence ynto fore and fuUe hard 
 prifone. 
 
 In the meane tyme many of the other traitours were boweld alle qwik, 
 and afterward were quarterd, as wele thay that receyvid the faid fir Ro- 
 bert as thay that were with hym. Whane the exfecution of the faid trai- 
 fon was done, and many of tho that were with hym att the day of the 
 kyng, confeflid, whane thay were fpokyne to go with the faid fir Rober 
 Grame, hit was not told unto hem of no purpos that was takyn for to 
 deftruye the kyng and put hym to dethe, hot hit was faid unto hem that 
 thay fliuld go with hym to raviffhe a faire lady oute of the kynges houfe, 
 whame the faid fir Robert Stuward Ihuld have weddid the next day fol- 
 owyng. 
 
 And after this thay ladd aftfounes the faid fir Robert Grame to the 
 place where he fliuld dye. And fodeynely thay drughe away the 
 mantelle, to the whiche alle his woundes were hardyned and clave fail with 
 his blode dried therto ; for with the faid payne he fele downe yn a fwonyng. 
 
66 THE DETHE OF THE 
 
 and fo lay along on the ground more thene a quarter of an oure. And 
 then he revivid and qwykynd ayane, feyng that ryvyng away fo fodeinly 
 and rudely of that mantelle was to hym gretter payne than any other that 
 [he] had fuffird afore. And after this, for the more grefe and forow to 
 hyme, thay boweld his fonne alle quyke, and quarterd hym afor his eene 
 and drewe owt his hart of his body, the whiche harte lepe thrife more than 
 a fote of heghte after hit was drawen owte of his body ; and yn femblable 
 wife the hangmane droughe owte all his bowelles and quarterd hym, and 
 many other moo after hyme. 
 
 Bot the laft of alle Thomas Halle was hedid, for as hit was knawen and 
 veraly will by proef, he was the pryncipalle and the fynalle caufe of the 
 kynges dethe. The fayd Chaumbur had the ftrengyfl hart of alle the other, 
 for he never repentid hym of the kynges deth. The hede of hym and 
 the right hand ftande falle nalid at Edenburghe, undir the erles hede of 
 Athetelles. 
 
 And thus endyn thes forofull and pitous cronycles ; and alle mene faye 
 that the unfacionable covtife was the ground and caufe of the kynges 
 dethe. Therfore prynces ftiuld take hede and drawe it to thare memo- 
 rie of maiftre Johanes de Moigne counfelle, thus faid yn Frenche langage, 
 
 // ne/i pasjtres defone pays, 
 Quy dejon peple [nje/i amezy 
 
 the which is thufmuche to meene, yn oure Engleflie tonge, 
 
 A grete prynce may have no more vice, 
 
 Ne hyme to greve thanne avarice. 
 
 He nys no lord yn his cuntre, 
 
 That of his mene hath no lufe ; leve ye me. 
 
KYNGE OF SCOTIS. 67 
 
 For wele may he be called a lord, 
 Wham that his peple love of record. 
 Merk this wele I you befeche ; 
 Adieux ; to God I you beteche. 
 
 AND THUS NOWE HERE ENDETHE THIS MOSTE PITEVOUS CRONICLE, OF 
 THORRIBILL DETHE OF THE KYNG OF SC0TTE3, TRANSLATED OUTE OF 
 LATYNE INTO OWRE MODERS ENGLISSHE TONG, BI YOURE SYMPLE 
 SUBGET JOHNE SHIRLEY, IN HIS LASTE AGE, AFTER HIS SYMPLE UNDER- 
 STONDYNG; WHICHE he RECOMMENDETHE TO YOUR SUPPORT ACIONE 
 AND CORRECCION, AS THAT YOURE GENTILNESE VOWCHETHE SAFE 
 FOR HIS EXCUSE, &C. 
 
NOTES. 
 
NOTES. 
 
 — " et matrimonio cum nepte regis Angliae, filia comitis de Somerseth, nunc ducis ejusdem, 
 
 contracto," p. 1. 
 
 John Beaufort, first Marquis of Somerset, was the eldest natural son of John of Gaunt, 
 Duke of Lancaster, by Katherine Swinford. His youngest son, Edmund, was created 
 Duke of Somerset, 21st March 1447- The history must, therefore, have been written 
 after this date. 
 
 — ** de manibus inimicorum liberaverimt et in regno reduxerunt," p. 1 . 
 
 The Harleian MS. 4764 (a very fine copy of the Scotichronicon, written upon vellum, 
 and not hitherto employed in the formation of the text of any of the editions), states, 
 fol. 184, b. that James entered Scotland — " pridie ante Dominicam in Passione." 
 There is reason to believe that he was at Durham on March 28, 1424. — Rot. Scot, ii, 
 247. 
 
 " Non enim volebant Anglici, . . . dicere summam 100,000 marcarum, qaam pro ejus de- 
 liberatione petierunt, esse pro ejus redemptione datam, immo potius pro ejus expensis 
 factis in eorum custodia," p. 2. 
 
 The Kotuli Scotiae show that the information conveyed in the text is not strictly cor- 
 rect. The ransom was 40,000/. not 100,000/., and of this sum 10,000 marcs were re- 
 mitted as the marriage-portion of Johanna, daughter of John, late Earl of Somerset. It 
 may be observed, however, that this money was to be paid " pro sumptibus et expensis 
 prsefati Jacob! regis de tempore quo stetit in regno Angliae,'* — Rot. Scot, ii, 246. Feed. 
 X, 322. 
 
72 NOTES. 
 
 — " fratris, regis Ricardi secundi, in Scotiam expulsi," p. 2. 
 
 Before venturing to quote this passage as another proof of the accuracy of the popu- 
 lar story that Richard the Second found a refuge in Scotland after his deposition, it is 
 necessary to pay minute attention to the authority to which this Chronicle is entitled, and 
 how far it is a copy, or an early copy, of the Scotichronicon. 
 
 — " pro qua summa dati erant dicti obsides . . ." p. 2. 
 
 The Rotuli Scotiae furnish us with a list of the names of those who became securities 
 for the payment of the ransom of James I. See ii, 242, &c. At p. 254 is a list of those 
 who were permitted to return into Scotland, and of those who were required in exchange. 
 
 — " quorum schismatum, in fine libri, si placet, memoriam faciemus, . . ." p. 3. 
 
 No such entry was made in the Manuscript, but it is to be found in the Scotichronicon, 
 /. xvi, c. iii. 
 
 « apud Perth, sexto die post ejus coronationem, tenuit parliamentum suum," p. 3. 
 
 The proceedings of this Parliament, holden at Perth, 26th May 1424, are printed in 
 the Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland, ii, p. 3. 
 
 " Eodem anno, xiii die Martii, tenuit rex secundum ejus parliamentum apud Perth" — 
 p. 3. 
 
 The acts made " in the parliament of our soverane lorde James, be the grace of God 
 king of Scottes, haldin in the town of Perthe, the xij day of Marche, the yer of God 
 1424 yeris," may be found in the Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland, ii, 7. 
 
 " Anno 1425 . . . missi sunt a rege Francorum in ambassada regi Scotiae archiepiscopus 
 Remensis, dux et par principalis ecclesiasticorum parium Franciae," p. 6. 
 
 Reginald de Chartres was archbishop of Rheims from 1414 to 1444. On the 28th 
 March 1425, he was appointed Chancellor of France, an office which he shortly after- 
 wards resigned to Martin Gouge, Bishop of Claremont. In 1436, he was employed by 
 Charles VII. King of France, to solicit from the Archbishop of Tours licence for the 
 marriage of the Dauphin Louis with Margaret, daughter of James I. The authors of 
 the Gallia Christiana, ix, 136, 137, edit. 1751, quote a charter dated in March 1441, 
 to which the seal of this prelate is attached, on which he styles himself " primus Franciae 
 par." They seem to have been ignorant of his mission into Scotland, as detailed in the 
 text. See also the Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland, ii, 26, 27. 
 
 " Anno 1428 rex apud Invernesse tenuit suum parliamentum," p. 8. 
 
 No trace of the proceedings of this Parliament is to be found in the Acts, but it ap- 
 pears from that work, that upon July 12 of this year, a Parliament was held at Perth, 
 ii, 17. 
 
NOTES. 73 
 
 " Anno Domini 1433 combustus est . . . Paulus Craw . . ." p. 11. 
 
 In the Scotichronicon he is called " Paulus Crawar, Teutonicus," and, from what is 
 there stated, appears to have been a follower of Huss or Jerome of Prague. 
 
 — " venit de Anglia miles quidam," p. 12. 
 
 The Scotichronicon says that he was " Dominus de Scrope nomine." 
 
 " Anno Domini 1435, obiit Alexander Steuwart, comes de Mar, qui in bellis de Legis et 
 Arlaw strenue se habuit," p. 14. 
 
 The foreign exploits of this nobleman may be seen in Wyntown, ii, 424. 
 
 — " legatus domini Eugenii papse in Scotiara intravit," p. 15. 
 
 The safe conduct granted by Henry VI. is dated 22d November 1436, and is printed 
 in the Rot. Scot, ii, 296. 
 
 " Cujus inopiara ea mors apud Chalons . . ." p. 1 7. 
 
 Such is the reading of the Manuscript, which appears to be an error for — cujus in- 
 opinata mors . . . 
 
 — " ad ducem nobilissimum Johannem ducti," p. 30. 
 
 John, Duke of Bretagne, was the son of Johanna, who married Henry IV. King of 
 England. The next Duke, Francis the First, became the husband of Isabella, daughter 
 of James the First, King of Scotland. 
 
INDEX. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 A. 
 
 Albany, Duke of, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 28, 48, 51, 5a 
 
 Murdac, 
 Alexander, prince, son of James the First, 10. 
 Angus, earl of, 9, 62. 
 
 , William, earl of, 3 ; see Douglas. 
 
 Argyll, bishop of, 4. 
 Arlawe, see Harlawe. 
 Armynakes, lords of the, 48. 
 Athol, earl of, 11, 28, 52, 53, 62, 66. 
 Austria, Alianor, duchess of, 29. 
 
 B. 
 
 Balawch, Dony, II. 
 
 Basle, council of, 2, 10. 
 
 Basse, castle of, 3. 
 
 Bedford, John of Lancaster, duke of, 48. 
 
 Berclays, the, 30. 
 
 Berwick, 13. 
 
 Borthyk, lord, 10. 
 
 Bowgham, earl of, 48. 
 
 Boyd, Thomas of Kilmarnock, 3. 
 
 Brechin, bishop of, 7. 
 
 Bretayne, Isabella, duchess of, 29. 
 
 , John, duke of, 30. 
 Bruyre, James de, bishop of Dunkeld, 16. 
 Buchan, earl of, 14. 
 
 , John, earl of, 1. 
 
 , Maria, Countess of, 29. 
 
78 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 C. 
 
 Caithness, earl of, 11. 
 Camera, Christopher de, 28. 
 
 , John de, 28. 
 
 See Chawmebur. 
 , Thomas de, 28. 
 Camerone, clan, 9. 
 
 Cardine, . . . de, bishop of Dunkeld, 15. 
 Carlaverock, 4. 
 
 Carthusians at Perth, monastery of, 11. 
 Cetoun, see Seaton. 
 Chalons, 17. 
 
 Charter- House at Perth, 11. 
 Chawmebur, Christopher, 54, 61. 
 
 — , Robert, 57. 
 
 ' — , Thomas, 58; see Camera. 
 
 ■ , . ... ,66. 
 
 St Colm's Inch, abbot of, 13. 
 Crannock, John de, 7. 
 Craw, Paul, 11. 
 Crawforde, earl of, 3. 
 Crichtone, James, 10. 
 , lord, 3. 
 
 D. 
 
 Dalkjeith, 3. 
 
 , lord, 5. 
 Dallousy, lord, 3. 
 Douglas, earl of, 48. 
 
 i, Archibald, earl of, 1, 3, 5, 10. 
 
 , James, earl of Avondale, 5. 
 
 , — — , of Abercorn, 10. 
 , William, 10. 
 
 Douglas, William, earl of Angus, 5. 
 Doune, castle of, 4. 
 Duff, Angus, 8. 
 Dunbar, 4, 14. 
 
 , David, 60. 
 
 , George, earl of March, 3, 5, 14. 
 
 Dumfermling, 1, 16. 
 
 E. 
 
 Edinburgh, 3, 4, 16, 51, 52, 61, 63, 66. 
 Edmundstoune, James de, 10. 
 Emonia, see Inch-Colme. 
 
 Erskin, lord, 15. 
 
 Eugenius the Fourth, pope, 10. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 79 
 
 F. 
 
 Falkland, castle of, 4. 
 
 Flemyng, Malcolm, of Commernauld, 3. 
 
 Fogo, master John, 14. 
 
 Forstare, John, of Corstorfyne, 5. 
 
 France, 13, 16. 
 
 , king of, 8. 
 
 , Louis, dauphin of, 4, 6, 11, 16. 
 
 G. 
 
 Gaunt, John of, 2. 
 Gien sur Laare, 8. 
 Girart, Arnold, 6. 
 Gordone, lord, 3. 
 
 Grame, sir Robert, 29, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 55, 59, 
 60, 63, 64, 65. 
 
 , — — — , son of, 57. 
 
 Gray, Andrew, of Fowlis, 3. 
 
 H. 
 
 Haus, lord, 314. 
 Hall, sir John, 58. 
 
 , , one of his brothers, 58. 
 
 , two brothers named, 28. 
 
 , Thomas, 66. 
 
 Halyburtoune, Walter de, 3. 
 
 Harlaw, battle of, 14. 
 
 Haye, Gilbert de, constable of Scotland, 5. 
 
 , Thomas de, of Yester, 3, 5. 
 
 Haye, William de la, constable of Scotland, 3. 
 Henry the Fourth, king of England, 2. 
 
 , the Fifth, 47. 
 
 , the Sixth, 47. 
 
 Heryse, Herbert, of Torricleis, 3. 
 Holand, Thomas de, 2. 
 Holyroodhouse, 9, 10. 
 Huntley, Maria, countess of, 29. 
 Huthart, 52. 
 
 I. 
 
 Inch-Colme, 9. 
 Inverlochy, 11. 
 Inverness, 8, 9. 
 
 Irvyne, Alexander, 3. 
 Isles, lord of, 8, 9, 10. 
 
80 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 J. 
 
 James the First, king of Scotland, passim. 
 
 , his sons, 9, 10. 
 
 — — , his daughters, 11, 29. 
 
 James the Second, 10. 
 
 Johanna, queen of Scotland, 2, 55, 56, 57, 60, 61. 
 
 K. 
 
 Kalendak£, lord, 5, 
 
 Kennedy, James de, bishop of Dunkeld, 15. 
 , John, 10. 
 
 Kent, earl of, 2. 
 Kilmauris, lord, 3, 5. 
 Kinnowle, lord, 3. 
 
 L. 
 
 Lawdeb, Alexander, bishop of Dunkeld, 16. 
 
 , Edward, archdeacon of Lothian, 6. 
 
 Legis, battle of, 14. 
 Lenox, earl of, 5, 48. 
 
 , Duncan, earl of, 4. 
 
 Lesley, Walter de, earl of Ross, 8. . 
 Leynys, earl of, see Lenox. 
 Linlithgow, 4. 
 
 Lismore, see Argyll. 
 
 Lithe, Water of, 52. 
 
 Logan, John de, of Lestalryk, 10. 
 
 Lorn, lord, 5. 
 
 Lychtone, Henry, bishop of Aberdeen, 6. 
 
 Lyle, lord, 15. 
 
 Lyon, a cannon so called, 10. 
 
 M. 
 
 Mak Duff, Angus, 11. 
 
 Manthet, see Menteeth. 
 
 March, George, earl of, see Dunbar. 
 
 Margaret, daughter of James I. , 4, 6, 7, 16, 29. 
 
 Martin, Aymar, 6. 
 
 Maxwell, Herbert, 3. 
 
 Melrose, abbot of, 13. 
 
 Menteeth, earl of, 48. 
 Moigne, Johannes de, 66. 
 Montgomery, lord, 4, 5. 
 Moravia, Angus de, 11. 
 Mortoune, Johanna, countess of, 29. 
 Murray, David de, 3. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 81 
 
 O. 
 
 Ogylby, Patric de, 3, 5, 6. 
 
 , Walter de, 5. 
 
 Orkney, earl of, 7. 
 
 Oswald, prior of the Carthusians at Perth, 11. 
 Ottirburne, Alan, secretary of the Duke of Albany, 
 4. 
 
 P. 
 
 Pa VIA, Council of, 2. 
 
 Perth, 3, 4, 10, 13, 15, 27, S2, 53, 62. 
 
 Prague, doctrines of the sect of, 11, 12. 
 
 Q. 
 
 QuHAXANE, Clan de Guylle, 9. 
 
 R. 
 
 Ralestoune, John de, bishop of Dunkeld, 16. 
 
 Reedstewart, John of Burle, 3, 4. 
 
 Rhiems, archbishop of, 6, 8. 
 
 Richard the Second, king of England, 2. 
 
 Robert the Second, king of Scotland, 1. 
 
 Robert the Third, king of Scotland, 1. 
 Rosse, Alexander, earl of, 5. 
 
 , countess of, 8, 9. 
 
 Rothsay, David, duke of, 1, 28, 47, 48, 49. 
 Roxburgh, 10, 13, 15, 27, 52. 
 
 S. 
 
 Savoy, duke of, 2, 10. 
 Scone, 1. 
 
 , abbot of, 13. 
 
 Scottish See, the, 52, 53. 
 Seaton, lord, 3. 
 
 Shirley, John, 67. 
 Sicily, king of, 8. 
 
 , , his daughter, 17. 
 
 Sienna, Council of, 2. 
 
 Sinclair, William, earl of Orkney, 5. 
 
82 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Skirm^ioure, John, 3. 
 
 Somerset, earl of, 1. 
 
 Somerville, lord, 5. 
 
 Sterling, 4, 5, 10, 6a 
 
 Steuwart, Alexander, earl of Mar, 4, 5, 11, 14. 
 
 Stewart, Allan, earl of Caithness, II. 
 
 , David, 3, 2a 
 
 — — , James, 4, 47. 
 
 , John, of Cardeneye, 3. 
 
 Stewart, John, of Dernele, 6. 
 
 , Walter, 5. 
 
 , Murdac, duke of Albany, see Albany. 
 , Robert, 28, 29, 37, 31, 52, 54, 55, 61, 62, 
 
 65. 
 
 -, Robert, king of Scots, 47. 
 -, Walter, 3, 5, 28. 
 
 St Andrews, bishop of, 2. 
 
 T. 
 
 TA>rrALLON, 4, 9. 
 Torricleis, lord, 6. 
 
 Touris, castle of, 8. 
 
 Trumbule, William, bishop of Glasgow, 16. 
 
 u. 
 
 Uasmo, bishop of, papal legate, 15, 29, 62. 
 
 V. 
 
 VcBNOYu:, battle of, 6, 48. 
 
 EDINBURGH PRINTING COMPANV. 
 
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