^^'-jt.v^-oi^x^rvM. ^'^Cc^f'^yyvQ THE HOMCEOPATHIC Domestic Physician. CONSTANTINE HERING, M.D. SEVENTH AMERICAN EDITION. PHILADELPHIA: F. E. BOERICKE, Hahnemann Publishing Ho\ KXT4 DIOUOGY LIBRARy G ' Jhe greatest triumph of a ^cience is when it becomes THE COMMON property OF THE PEOPLE AND THUS CONTRIBUTES TO THE COMMON WEAL." Copyrighted by Theresa Hering, 1883. IN MEMORfAM , ^ EDITOR'S PREFACE. Not long before the deatli of the L"»monte(l author of tliis work, the correction of the hist English edition, now for some years out of Y>vh\t, was undertaken by his daughters, Mrs. J. Foster Pope and Mrs. Dr. C. B. Knerr. They compared it, page by page, with the latest German edition (the fourteenth), which had but a short time previously been subject to a thorough revision at Dr. Her- ing's hands. Some material was eliminated, and considerable matter was added from the German. The present editor, a former assistant of Dr. Hering, under- took, at his desire, the task of superintending the publication of the work. Some additions to the text have been made, a few remedies introduced, and, at times, slight alterations in the ar- rangement effected, but the well-known views of the author have been respected in whatever has been done, but for unavoidable reasons, the Issue of the present edition has been delayed until this time. For the table of contents and the very complete index, the editor is indebted to the careful labors of Dr. L. J. Knerr. CLAUDE R. NORTON, M.D. Philadelphia, January, 1883. 922804 CONTENTS. PAGE. Preface 3 Introduction 15 Directions for Prescribing 16 Administration of the Medicines and Repetition of Doses 18 Regimen of the Sick during Homoeopathic Treatment 21 Instructions for Patients how to communicate tlieir cases to a Physi- cian by letter 25 List of Medicines 32 PART FIRST. OF THE MOST COMMON CAUSES OF DISEASE. Chapter I. — Affections of the Mind. Sudden Emotions 3/t Grief and Sorrow 3G Vexation 38 Anger 40 Sensitiveness and Irritability 40 Chapter II.— Consejucnces of Colds. Remarks 42 Catarrh 43 Cough 44 Difficulty of Breatliing 45 Diarrhcea 45 Pain in the Bowels 46 (5) b CONTENTS. Headaclie 47 Afieotionsofthe Eyes 47 Afiettiuns of the Ears 47 Toothache 48 Sore Throat 48 Nausea and Vomiting 49 Rheumatic Pains 4'J Chapter III. — Consequences of Overheaiing, immoderate Exertion and great Exhaualion. Overlieating 52 Siin-strokes 52 Headache 5o Piarrlicea 54 Fatigue 54 Sitting up at Night 57 Confinement and much Mental Application 58 Excesses , 58 Loss of Fluids 60 Chapter IV. — Consequences of Surfeiting and Disordered Stomach. Remarks 60 Overfeeding of Children C2 Headache G3 Vomiting 64 Flatulency 65 Colic 65 Diarrhoea 65 Sleeplessness 66 Niglitmare 66 Fever 66 Rash 66 Indisposition from Ice or Cold Water 66 Chapter V. — Consequences of Spirittious Liquors, Coffee, Tea, Tobacco, Acids, etc. Intoxication 69 Effects of Intoxication 72 Delirium Tremens 73i Bad effects of Coffee 74 Eflects of Tea Drinking 75 Effects of Smoking Tobacco . 75 Injurious effects of Sour Food 76 CONTENTS. 7 Chapter XL— Effects of hjuriom Drugs in general me, and licmedies to counteract them. Remarks 77 Effects of Herb Teas 77 " Opium or Laudanum, Mori)liine 77 " Hydrate of ChlonU 7« " Peruvian Bark or Quinine 78 " otiier Drugs 79 " Magnesia 80 " Sulphur and Iodine 80 " Mercury 81 " Lead 82 " Arsenic 83 " Iron 83 Chapter V^II. — Adulteralions and Poisons. Kemarlcs 84 Adulteration of Wine 84 " Vinegar 86 " Malt Liquors 86 " Brandy 87 " Sweet Oil ; . . . . 87 " Milk 87 " Butter 87 " Flour 87 " Bread 87 Poisons in the Air 88 Poisons in the Water 89 Milk 89 Meat .' 89 Vegetables and Fruits 90 Mushrooms 91 Kitchen Salt 91 Kitchen Utensils 91 Paints 92 Cosmetics and Washes 93 Panaceas and Vermifuges 94 Chapter VI II. — Of Poisoning. What is to be done in cases of Poisoning 96 Treatment when the Poison is a-scertained 102 Poisonous Gases; Antidotes and Treatment 103 Poisoning by mineral and other strong Acids; Antidotes and Treatment 107 8 CONTENTS. Alkaline Poisons; Antidotes and Treatment 108 Other Substances which have a powerful eflect; Antidotes and Treatment 108 Metallic Substances ; Antidotes and Treatment 110 Vegetable Poisons ; Antidotes and Treatment 112 Animal Poisons; Antidotes and Treatment 114 Poison generated by Disease of any kind 116 Poisoned Wounds 117 Table of Antidotes to the most powerful Poisons 122 Chapter IX. — External Injuries. — Concusswn, Bruises, Sprains, Dislo- cations, Fractures, etc. Concussion of the Brain 123 Overlifting 124 False Steps 125 Bruises (Contused Wounds) 125 Bruises of the Eyes 126 Shocks and Bruises of the Head 126 Sprains 126 Dislocations, Luxations 127 Fractures 127 Wounds 128 Bums and Scalds 135 Frost-bites 138 Chapter X. — Foreign Substances introduced into the Human Body. Into the Eye 139 " Ear 140 " Nose 141 " Throat (CEsophagus) 141 " Stomach and Intestines 144 Larynx or Windpipe 145 Skin 147 PART SECOND. TREATMENT OF DISEASES. Chapter I.— Affections of the Head. GicUliiiess, Vertigo 149 Weakness of Memory 1.50 Determination of Blood to the Head 1.51 Headuclie 1.53 " from Determination of Blood to the Head 153 " caused by Catarrh 154 " from Rheumatism 155 " " Disordered Stomach and Bowels 156 " " Constipaticm 156 Sick Headache 157 Nervous Headache 160 Headadie caused by Suppression of Rlieumatism, Gout, etc. . . 164 Losing the Hair 165 Chapter II. — Diseases of the Eyes. General Remarks 166 Inflamma'tion and swelling of the Eyelids 167 Stye on the Eyelid 169 Inflammation of the Eyes 170 Eyes affected by Scrofula 172 Weakness of Sight, with Remarks on the Use of Spectacles . . 175 Short-Sightedness 175 Far-sightedness 176 Attacks of Blindness 177 Dread of Light 178 Squinting of Children 178 Chapter Ul.~AffeclioTis of the Ears. Eruptions 179 Mumps 179 Inflammation of tlie Ear 180 Earache 181 Running of the Ears 183 Buzzing in the Ears 185 Hardness of Hearing 186 10 CONTENTS. Chapter IV. — Affections of the Nose. Pains and Eruptions 188 Swelling of the Nose 188 Bleeding of the Nose 189 Ozaena 191 Catarrh or Cold in the Head 191 Chapter V. — Affections of the Chest. Hoarseness 194 Cough 19lj Whooping Cough 2U(> Croup 210 Congestion of the Chest 214 Hemorrhage from the Lungs; Spitting of Blood 214 Bronchitis, including Catarrh on the Breast of Children .... 219 Palpitation of the Heart 222 Asthma 224 Pleurisy, Inflammation of the Lungs and Stitch in the Side . . 228 False Pleurisy, Stitch in the Side 228 Inflammation of the Lungs 230 Consumption of the Lungs 232 Chapter VI. — Affections of the Throat. Sore Throat or Quinsy 233 Chapter VII. — Affections of the Teeth and the Face. Toothache 238 Swelled Face 261 Faceache, Neuralgia, Tic Douloureux 2G2 Chapter VIII. — Affections of the Mouth. Bad Taste in the Mouth 264 OflTensive Breath 26.5 Scurvy in the Mouth, Canker of the Mouth 26.5 Afiections of the Tongue 267 Chapter IX. — Affections of the Stomach. Want of Appetite 268 Weakness of the Stomach, Dyspepsia, Indigestion 269 Catarrh of the Stomach 273 Heartburn, Water-brash 274 Nausea and Vomiting 275 CONTENTS. 11 Sea-Siokness -"() Pains or Spasms in ihc .Stuniaili 277 CuAPTKR X. — Affections of the Abdomen. C\ili.' 282 Flatulency 2S7 Inllamniation of tlie Stomach and Intestines 2S8 Determination of Blood to the Abdomen 292 Worms 2'J2 Itching of the Anus 294 Prolapsus Ani, Prolapsus of the Kectum 290 Hemorrhoids, or Pile-s 297 Diarrhaa 301 Dysentery 307 Common Cholera, Cliolera Morbus 310 Asiatic (or Epidemic) Cholera 312 Constipation 31-1 Inflammation of the Liver, Pains in tlic Liver 318 Jaimdice 319 Involuntary Emission of Urine. 320 Difficulty and Pain in making Water 320 Passing of Bloody Drine 322 Hernia, Rupture 323 Chapter XL— Disease.? nf Women. Menstruation (the Monthly Sickness) 324 Tardy Menstruation 32) Suppression of the Menses 327 Too Copious Menstruaticm 329 Painful Menstruation, Menstriud Colic 330 Clilorosis, Green Sickness 332 Cessation of the Menses 338 Leucorrhoea, Whites 331 Remarks on Pregnancy 33o Derangements during Pregnancy 33() Menstruation 337 Vertigo and Headache 337 Morning Sickness 339 Constipati.m 340 Diarrhoea .340 Pruritus, Itching 340 Fainting and Hysterical Fits 34^1 Toothache 341 Varicose Veins 342 12 CONTENTS. Derangements during Pregnancy, Hemorrhoids or Piles 343 Pains in the Back and Side during Pregnancy 343 Cramps 343 Incontinence of Urine 343 Depression of Spirits 344 Miscarriage, Abortion 344 Menorrliagia or Flooding 347 Preparation of the Breasts 349 False Pains 349 Labor, Child-Birth 351 Protracted Labor 351 Spasmodic Pains, Cramps and Convulsions 353 Treatment after Delivery 354 Flooding after Delivery 354 After-Pains 354 Duration of Confinement 355 Irregularities of the Lochial Discharge 356 Milk Fever 357 Suppressed Secretion of Milk 358 Excessive Secretion of Milk 358 Involuntary Emission of Milk 358 Diarrhoea during Confinement 359 Constipation 359 Retention of Urine 360 Sore Nipples 360 Gathered Breasts 360 Weakness from Nursing 361 Fallingoffof the Hair 361 Chapter XII. — Treatment of Infants. Reception at Birtli 362 Apparent Death 362 Washing the Child 363 Dressing tlie Navel 363 The Meconium 364 Swelling and Elongation of the Head 364 Putting the Child to the Breast 364 Inflammation of the Eyes 365 Obstruction of the Nose, "Sniffles" 366 Sore Moutli, Thrush 366 Sore Throat 367 Jaundice 367 Excoriation 368 CONTENTS. 13 The Gum 368 Ketentioii of Urine 308 Constipatiun 309 Diarrhuja 369 Colic 370 Swelling of the Breasts 371 Crying of Infants 37 1 Restlessness and Wakefulness 372 Hiccouglx 373 Scurf on tlie Head 373 Milk-crust 373 Scald Head, Ringworm on tlie Scalp 374 Spasms or Convulsions 375 Dentition, Teething 377 Summer Complaint, Cholera Infantum 379 Rupture of the Navel, Umbilical Hernia 382 Discliarge from the Ears 382 Heat Spots, "Prickly Heat" 382 Whites or Leucorrhoea of Children 383 Weaning 383 Limping, Lameness 384 Stuttering 384 Squinting 384 Wetting the Bed 384 Vaccination 387 Chapter XIII. — Eruptive Fevers. Rasli 392 Measles 393 Scarlet Fever, Scarlatina 395 Scarlet Rash 398 Chicken-Pox .• 398 Small-Pox 398 Varioloi.1 400 Chapter XIV. — Diseases of the Skin. Itching of the Skin 400 Itch, Scabies 401 Roseola 402 Nettle Rash, Urticaria 402 Erysipelas, St. Anthony's Fire, Rose, 404 Boil, Furuncle 405 Carbuncle, Malignant Furuncle 406 14 CONTENTS. Wliitlow, Felon 407 Ulcers 407 Ingrowing Toe Xails 408 Abscess 409 Chilblain, Frost-bite 410 Corns 410 Sore Feet 411 Warts 411 Bedsores 411 Chapter XV. — Some General Diseases. Gout 411 Inflammatorv Rheumatism 412 Lumbago, Pain in tlie Loins and Back 414 Sciatica 41. 'J AVry Week 415 Cramp in the Limbs 4U'> Epilepsy, Epileptic Convulsions 410 >Jight-Mare ' 417 Sleeplessness 417 Dropsy 418 Ague, Chills and Fever, Fever and Ague, Intermittent Fever . 41S Congestive or Pernicious Fever, Kemittent or Bilious Fever . . 4;iO Typhoid Fever 431 Yellow Fever 4:!l! Fainting, Swooning 438 Apparent Death 439 from Hunger 439 " a Fall 440 " " " Suflbcaticm by Hanging, Pressure, Chok- ing . .' 440 " " " Drowning 441 " " " being Frozen 4J2 " Lightning 444 " " " Mental Emotion, Bad Uases, and oilier Causes 444 Apoplexy 445 Diphtheria, Diphtheritis 446 INTRODUCTION. This book is intended to be a guide, by the aid of which, in many cases of disease, a cure may be effected with homoeopathic medicines. Those whom experience has convinced of the ad- vantages of the system of Hahneviann, will soon learn how to make use of it ; and to those who have had no opportunity of testing the merits of homoeopathy, it will give a chance of trying it, instead of the so-called domestic remedies. It is intended to be an adviser in many cases of indisposi- tion, when one will not or cannot consult a physician. To per- sons living in the country, it will prove valuable, when medical aid, especially at night, is only to be had at the cost of much trouble, delay and expense ; with however this guide at hand, relief may be obtained in many cases of disease. As this work is intended for the great mass of the community, and to make the homoeopathic doctrines intelligible and useful to all, the author has tried to express himself with distinctness and simplicity, in order to be generally comprehended. This common-place, familiar style may, to a certain extent, enable a great many to prescribe for themselves. But the contents of tills book can make no one a homoeopathic physician. It has I been said by the opponents of our doctrine, that an acquaintance 1 with the old system of medicine was unnecessary to a homoeo- i ]i:ithic physician: but this is a great error. No one can be a successful disciple of Hahnemann, who is not well versed, u'! Hahnemann himself was, in the learning of the medical schools ; ;uid it would be just as impossible for him to act judiciously with- ' nut a knowledge of anatomy, physiology, pathology, surgery, and materia medica, together with chemistry and botany, as for a | man, ignorant of navigation and seamanship, to carry a vessel with safety into port. If, in _^iving this work to th e pu blic, the author can aid in d-iving froTnnnmmon use the ao-calledj iomest ic remedies, such -^ (15) 16 INTRODUCTION. ' as chamomile, koarlioind and other teas, paregoric, Epsom-salts, DWgnesmj&.pdtljQ whole host of so-called simple remedies, aud also all-tliefio'StruhMw' pdte'ut medicines, some of which are to be found in almost every nursery, and the habitual use of which is such a prolific cause of innumerable drug-diseases, he will have accomplished the chief object of its publication, and have substi- tuted for an irrational and pernicious practice, a judicious and rational one. DIRECTIONS FOR PRESCRIBING. Examine the table of contents, until you find the chapter where the complaint is spoken of for which you wish to have advice. Do not look for the common name only which may be given to such a complaint by the Old School doctors. Most of these names are calculated to mislead ; but look for the principal symptoms of which the patient complains. In order to facilitate this as much as possible the work is divided into two parts ; the first treats of the most common causes of disease; the second, of diseases occurring most frequently in the diflcrent parts of the body. Therefore, when the cause of sickness is obvious, or probable, first examine what is said of it in Part I. ; then see what is said of the disease in Part II. The latter are treated of in regular succession, commencing with the head, neck, chest, and so on downward, enumerating under each head the disease to which that part is principally subject, and concluding with General Diseases. By bearing this arrangement in mind, the reader will readily find what he may desire. Suppose for instance a case of cold attended with headache and diarrhoea; lopk first for "Cold" in the first part, chapter second; then for "Headache" in the second part, chapter first; then for "Diarrhoea" in the same, chapter tenth. If a person is taken sick, and the direct cause is not perceptible, but the patient complains of pains in various parts of the body, examine the afiections to which these several parts are subject; thus you will readily find the remedy appli- cable. There^.are often several causes, and one ren;edy is^not suitable for them all; in this case give one remedy after another; select INTRODUCTION. 17 first one for the tvorst sympioms, ot still better, for the symptoms \vhichjij)£eaiWjIas<[~or~T^ cause which acted last. One, who has taken cold, will easily get his stomach out of order; one, whose stomach is disordered, will easily take cold. Consider then first, the last cause as the more important one. Always give but one remedy, and only when this does no mure good, another one^ When the patient appears to suffer from several complaints at the same time, it is well to ascertain and note down all the symptoms, without referring to the book, lest the patient may state something different from what is really the case, and thereby lead to the ajDplication of an improper remedy. Having~N thus accurately noted the complaints of the patient, inquire/ minutely then into all the attending circumstances. 1st. The) precise locality of the pain. 2d. Require of the patient a de-r scription of the pain, and to what it may be compared — whether tearing, cutting, beating, throbbing, etc. 3d. The occasion o\ ^ its getting worse or better, according to the time of day — morn- ) •-]/'W^ ing, evening or night — to the state of the weather, whether damp, cold or dry — to the position of the body, whether when quiet or in motion — whether before or after eating — after sleep, when touched, pressed, etc. 4th. Note the combination of symp- toms, if any ; for instance, when coughing is accompanied with headache ; or headache with inclination to vomit ; or with this ; inclination, shivering, etc. Having written down these observa- tions, look then into the book for the principal symptoms, and you may find the proper remedy. Examine " Instructions for patients how to communicate their cases to a physician by letter," at the end of this introduction. You will find there a detailed statement of all questions to which answers are required, and upon which the selection of a real homoeopathic remedy depends. This is, to be sure, troublesome, but you can have no success without it ; if you succeed without this troublesome examination, it is by chance, not by skill. If a doctor tells you that he is so learned and skillful, that he can prescribe without these questions, that he, for instance, can see by the eyes, tongue, etc., what medicines to give, he is a deceiver, and those who lielieve in him, show that they know nothing whatever of true homceopathv. 2 IS INTRODUCTION. D.) not be discouraged because of the difficulties exjjerienced at first in finding a suitable remedy, for these difficulties will vanish as soon as you become familiar with the book. I If you give the wrong remedy, the patient will, of course, not ^et better, but it is not so bad as under the Old School practice. \For a homoeopathic medicine will relieve, if it is the right one, Ibut if it is not the right one, it will do no harm. Usually tkc 'disease remains as it was, sometimes though it changes, you must look then into the book for a more suitable remedy. You can do harm with a homoeopathic remedy only if you give too much of it and too often, or if you give too many remedies, one after the other, without waiting for their effects. Let every remedy have its time to act, as is often stated in the book, and be consistent in giving nothing else, as long as there is the slightest improvement. The greatest improvement will often take place without any other remedies. ADMINISTRATION OF THE MEDICINES AND REPE- TITION OF DOSES. The medicines may either be administered dry, by placing them upon the tongue, or dissolved in water. In most cases, four or five globules should be placed dry on the tongue. For infants, one globule will be amply sufficient for a dose ; if the tongue is dry add a few drops of water ; even new-born infants are able to swallow that. ' Where repeated doses of the medicine at short intervals arc required, the appropriate remedies should be administered in soluti(jn in water. For this purpose take a clean tumbler which has contained nothing but milk or water, else you must rinse it first with cold and afterwards with hot water, dry and heat it ou a stove as much as the glass will bear, and then suffer it to cool. Fill it half full of water, as pure as you can get, put eight or ten globules — or if a trituration, as much as will lie upon the point of a penknife — of the medicine into the water, and mix it thoroughly by repeatedly pouring it from one tumbler into another, or if you have only one tumbler, by means of a clean spoon. Keep the tumbler containing the medicine, well covered IXTRODUCTION. 19 witli a saucer or piece of paper, in a cool jilace, free of odors of auy kiud. Wheu tlius prepared, a dessertspoonful to adults, or a teaspoon- ful to children may be given at a time. In acute cases the medi- cine may be repeated every one, two or three hours; but in chronic complaints or those of long standing, not oftener than once or twice a-day. After the first dose of every medicine, you should j\-atch. closely to observe what_changes, if any, take place in the patient. In very dangerous and painful cases, wait from ten to thirty minutes ; in other serious complaints, one to two hours ; and in chronic cases one to two days. The patient is then either better, worse, or the same. If better, give nothing more as long as the improvement lasts. If a sudden improvement ceases as suddenly, and the case gets worse, give another dose ; this second dose may in some cases be followed at first by an increase of the complaint, but in a short time by a more decided and lasting improvement. If a complaint has improved from a remedy given for its cause, but the same cause has again occasioned the old trouble, give another suitable remedy. For instance, if the bad consequences of a fright have been removed by Opium, but a fresh fright has caused the same symptoms, give Aconitum. If you have taken Bryonia for the consequences of having taken cold, and have been relieved by it, but a fresh cold makes you worse again, take Aconitum. When the patient, after having taken the medicine once, or oftener, begins to feel better, however little, he should discontinue it, lest the healthful progress of the cure be interfered with by taking too much; but as soon as the improvement ceases the same medicine should be taken again; or in case the symp- toms have altered, another more appropriate one. If the patient is worse after the first or second dose, the symp- toms are either the same, but worse, or there are new symptoms instead, or in addition to the former ones. If the latter case, give another remedy, but if the former, when the medicine ag- gravates the symptoms, and makes the patient temporarily worse, which is, nevertheless, a good sign, the patient should cease tak- 20 INTRODUCTIOX. ing it, and wait for the effects. Should the aggravation be vio- lent, it may be relieved by smelling camphor, or sweet spirits of nitre. It happens sometimes, that the most violent pains are increased very much by the smallest dose of the suitable remedy ; in such cases give a spoonful of black coffee, and as soon aS the aggra- vation has ceased, repeat the remedy, if made worse again, repeat the coffee, and so on until the improvement is permanent. A homoeopathic physician of the right stamp, a great master, wrote to the author, that he has given in this Avay with the greatest success, Colocynthis and coffee for colic; Pulsatilla and coffee for rheumatic pains in the limbs; and Mercurius and coffee for fkceache ; in the last ease the cure was complete and permanent only after the fifteenth dose. In very tedious cases, when the right remedy has been chosen and given in but one dose, and when the patient, after a short aggravation of the symptoms, commences to grow better, he will sometimes, in a few days or a week, get worse again ; he who can now wait, and give nothing more, will witness most remarka- ble cures, which will be the more permanent and complete, the less they have been interfered with. If the beneficial effects of the medicine are interrupted, or cease entirely, and the patient grows worse in consequence of tak- ing cold, eating improper food, etc., he should take a medicine to counteract the cause which occasioned this interruption, and then asiain the medicine which he had previously taken. With regard to the external application of the Tinctures of Arnica, Ruta, etc., a lotion of suificient strength for most pur- poses may be made by putting five or six drops of the tincture in half a tumbler of water. It may be applied to the injured part three or four times a day, or as often as mentioned under each particular case. / While taking homoeopathic medicines, strict attention should ine paid to the following rules of diet. INTRODUCTION. 21 REGIMEN OF THE SICK DURING HOMCBOPATHIC TREATMENT. The general rule to be observed is, that jiatieuts should par- take of light, digestible, nourishing food to satisty hunger; and of sueh drink as nature requires to allay thirst ; and abstain from everything of a medicinal or injurious nature. In acute or febrile diseases, only the lightest and most simple kinds of nutriment are proper, viz. : Pure cold water in preference to all other drinks; or water with the addition of some sugar, raspberry or strawberry syrups, or (luinee and apple-jelly prepared without spices. Barley- water, rice-water, thin oatmeal gruel, f)anada, gum Arabic water, whey, milk, preparations of arrow-root, sago, tapioca, semolina, or tous-les-mois, all without any other seasoning than a little salt or loaf sugar, or one of the syrups above-mentioned. Toast-water: the toast should be made from stale bread, either home-made or from bakers who make use of neither potash, soda, or alum ; the slices ought to be thin and thoroughly toasted, but not too brown, and never black. To make a good toast-water, j)our boiling water on the toast while hot and let it stand. Ice-water is often injurious and increases the thirst. The water, having been filtered if impure, should be cooled if jjossi- ble without putting the ice in it. Put the vessel, containing the water to be cooled, into a larger vessel, a wooden one is prefera- ble, which contains pieces of ice, and let it remain till suffi- ciently cold. If this cannot be done, put a lump of ice in the water and take it out again as soon as the water is cooled. Most kinds of ripe, succulent fruits, possessing little or no acidity, fresh or prepared by cooking, and eaten in moderation : as ripe grapes, sweet apples, pears, peaches, raspberries. Some kinds of dried fruits : as apples, quinces, peaches cher- ries, prunes, dates, figs, etc. All imported dried fruits, raisins, figs, etc., should be washed before using, first in cold and afterwards in hot water. Sweet oranges when well ripened are allowed, but all decayed, spotted and sour ones, ought to be avoided. With regard to apricots, nectarines, plums, gages, watermelons and cherries, the physician should be consulted. J 22 INTRODUCTION. No fruit whatever should be used iu cases of colic, diarrhoea, dysentery, cholera, and in croup, not even iu couvalesceuce. When the more violent symptoms of acute disease have sub- sided, and the appetite calls for more substantial food, a wider range may be gradually allowed in the choice of aliment, and all the articles used which are allowed iu chronic or long-con- tinued diseases, viz. : All kinds of light and not too fresh bread, and plain biscuit containing no potash, soda, alum or other similar ingredients; cakes made of meal, eggs, sugar, and a little butter ; arrow-root, rice and other cakes not raised with fermenting powders; light puddings and dumplings of wheat, rye, Indian meal, rice, tapioca, sago, oatmeal or bread, without wines, spices, or rich sauces; hominy, rice, and pearl barley boiled with water, milk or soup. Potatoes, turnips, carrots, beets, salsify, artichokes, spinach, cabbage, cauliflower, green peas, or beans, the green pods of scar- let and French beans ; and in some cases also, asparagus, mush- rooms, dried peas, beans, lentils, millet, haricot beans, etc. Milk, raw or boiled, fresh buttermilk, whey, milk posset; but care should be taken not to use milk from unhealthy cows. Ice-creams with the syrup of strawberries and that of other allowed fruits, and not flavored with aromatics nor colored with cochineal or injurious drugs. Pure chocolate or cocoa, and in some cases weak black tea. Butter, free from any rancid or unusual taste, cream, mild fresh cheese, milk cheese, curds, and other simple preparations of milk ; plain custards, pure sweet olive oil. Raw or boiled eggs and egg-tea, except in diarrhoea. Soups and broths of animal and vegetable substances other- wise allowed, seasoned with a little salt only ; beef tea, mutton broth and chicken water, after having been boiled for at least half an hour. Beef, mutton, all kinds of tongues, venison and wild game, the lean part of ham, pigeons, chickens and turkeys; the latter only iu the winter season and not in all cases. Cod, haddock, whiting, sole, turbot, trout, pike, perch, carp, mackerel, herrings. Salt fish may be taken after having been well soaked iu cold water before it is used. Oysters, raw, roasted in the shell, or boiled in soup. INTRODUCTION. 23 Salt, and also sugar or molasses, may be used, but always with great moderation. Hliould any of the allowed articles of diet disagree with the patient, on account of some constitutional peculiarity, or the na- ture of the disease, they should be avoided by him, though they may be perfectly wholesome for others. The patient should not overload his stomach, nor oppress it with various or incongruous dishes. The demands of the appe- tite tor solids are to be satisfied at stated and not too frequent periods, and at no other tiiue. Regulariiy in the time of eating is of great importance. Tlie diet of children at the breast should not ordinarily be champed during their sickness; but in such cases that of the mother should be regulated according to the preceding rules. ARTICLES FORBIDDEN, Unless espeeiaUy allowed by the Physician. The flesh of all young animals, and particularly veal ; geese, tame ducks; the liver, lungs or tripe of animals; turtles, eels, crabs, old smoked or salt meat, sausages, mince pies, strong cheese, lard, fat pork, roast pig, fried and pickled oysters. Food prepared from blood, and nmch animal fat. All highly seasoned soups, sauces, pep{)erpot. Cakes prepared with much butter or with aromaties ; pastry, pies ; honey, and all kinds of colored confectionery ; all kinds of candies, excepting rock and barley sugar. All kimls of nuts, and fruits not mentioned amongst the allowed articles. Vinegar of all kinds, salads or cucumbers prepared with it; pickles prepared with spices or greened with copper; pai-snips, parsley, celery, radishes, horse-radish, garlic, onions; all kinds of pepper, catsujis, mustard, saffron, nutmeg, ginger, lemon or orange peel, vanilla, laurel leaves,(^ter almonds,' peach kernels, cloves, cinnamon, allspice, fennel, aniseed, sage, 'thyme, mint, etc. All kinds of distilled and fermented liquors; coflee and green tea; lemonade and drinks prepared with acids. All natural and artificial mineral waters. 24 INTRODUCTION. Colored toys, if the colors are not fixed, are on all occasions to be withheld from children, also vulcanised gum elastic toys. All perfumery, particularly musk, hartshorn, camphor, paccioli, Eau de Cologne, Eau de Luce, or other aromatic waters, strong smelling flowers, cosmetics and scented or medicated tooth-powder. Tobacco, if used at all, should be used very moderately. Every medicine, excepting those prescribed by the physician, ought to be avoided ; not only all medicines procured at the shops, and all such as are empirical, but every description of domestic medicines, as all manner of herb teas, syrups, medicated poultices and irritating or medicinal substances applied to the skin. Blood-letting by the lancet, or by leeches and cups, and laxa- tive injections, except of those of cold or lukewarm water, are likewise forbidden. Hot baths are to be strictly avoided, especially baths impreg- nated with herbs, sulphur, and other medicaments. Tepid or cold sponging baths, or rubbing with a wet towel, may be used, by most patients daily. For other employments of cold water the advice of an experienced physician must be sought. Linen, cotton, silk or leather, worn next the skin is preferable to flannels, excepting for persons much exposed to the weather, or for little children. The patient should, if possible, use moderate exercise, in the open air for an hour or more daily ; and his chamber should be well ventilated every day. Rooms papered with yellow paper, or stained or painted yellow, and yellow transparent window-shades or curtains should be avoid- edj the beat color for the walls of a sick room is a light rose- color, particularly alternate stripes of white and light rose-color. The window-shades should be of a grayish or light blue tint. Physical labor, which gives the mind the proper direction to usefulness, while it exercises the body, should be daily used in chronic diseases as far as the strength will allow of it. Homoeopathic medicines should not be taken too soon after eating; and for about an hour after taking them the patient had better abstain from eating or the use of tobacco, and, if possible, from much mental or bodily exertion. INSTRUCTIONS FOR PATIENTS HOAY TO COMMUXICATE THEIR CASES TO A PHY- SICLIN BY LETTER. The patient should first describe his^omplaint in his own way, as though these instructions were not Ijefore him, viz. : its com- mencemeut, progress and presumptive causes. The age and sex of the initient, and whether married or single, should of course be communicated to the physician, if these circumstances be not already known. It would be well to mention whether the patient is of large or small stature, meagre or stout, feeble or robust. Whether he easily takes cold, and is very susceptible to other external impressions. Is the coniplexion fltjrid, or pale, or dark? What is the color and condition of the Ijah-, and the color of the eyes? Concomitant bodily infirmities, as hernia (rupture), prolapse of the womb, curvature of the spine, lameness, etc., should be made known. Is the dispc^ition of the patient mild and placable, or boisterous and violent? firm or yielding, lively and conmiuni- cative, or reserved and taciturn ; anxious, apprehensive, or tim- orous, or irritable, etc. ? Are his m ental jgmotmns of long continu- ance, or are they very transient? The patient is next required to give an accurate atid particular description- of -the-incjdents or symptoms of his disease, such as pains and other morbid sensations. He should describe precisely the region or the part, and on which side of the body fhoy are seated, and how large is the space they occupy. Whether the pains are obtuse, and may be denominated dull or pressing, or whether they arc sticking or piercing, rending, throbbing, perfor- ating, pulling or drawing, pinching, snatching, gnawing, cutting, griping, burning, obtusely prickling or crawling, itching, tickling, numb or as if the part were asleep, as if from a sprain or contusion, or whether they consist of several of these sensations combined, or may be more aceurtitely represented by other terms. — Are the (2,^) 26 INSTRUCTIONS FOE PATIENTS. symptoms continued, or do they remit or vary in intensity from time to time? Do they-recm- at particular times of day, or at certain intervals of one or more days? Is their recurrenee, aggra- vation, diminution or cessation connected with tlie exercise of any bodily function? Do they arise or disappear, are they increased or diminished by exercise, or during rest, by lying down or sitting, by stretching, or bending the body, by walking, standing, warmth or cold, in the open air or within doors, by light, noises, talking, eating, drinking or swallowing sooii after eating, by the motion of the aifected part or by touching or pressing it, by mental emotion — fright, anger, during bodily or mental exercise, reading, etc., etc. — Are-the-synrptoms associaled— viith anxiety greater or less? jiiilhey^impair the powers of thought or recollection, or the due exercise of the senges^ (seeing, hearing, etc.) — Are the motions or functions of the affected part in any way impaired or disabled? or is the local disease associated with complaints in other parts, and with what? does it alternate with other com- plaints? Is the affected part red or swollen? Is the swelling hard or soft or painful to the touch, and does it leave an indentation after pressure with the finger? During the sufferings of individual parts or functions of the body^(even when these functions are not the principal ones) further information is to be given respecting the state of. the patient^s mind; whether he suffers patiently, or is inclined to weep, to be morose, passionate, despairing, greatly anxious or fearful, etc., or whether the mind is remarkably affected in these respects by the disease. Are the intellectual functions, power of thought, memory or desire or ability for mental or bodily exer- cise weakened? — Aberrations of mind, morbid affections of the moral and intellectual faculties are to be described by the narra- tors strictly as they are manifested by the patient's words or conduct. Is there dizziness, or "a dull, heavy sensation" of the head.— Disorders of sight? Does the patient see objects indistinctly as through a veil or mist? Does he see dark specks floating before the eyes, or sparks, or false colors? Do objects appear double or quivering? Is the patient short— or long-sighted? Is the pupil contracted, dilated or very changeable? Are the eyes watery, red, inflamed, averse to the light? Do the eye-lids frequently glue INSTRUCTIONS FOR PATIENTS. 27 together? Do they opeu and cktsc properly? Are they affected by cuuvulsive motions or twitehings, or beset with styes? Are there specks upon the cornea? Disorders of jietiriirg : Is there a roaring, whizzing, or ringing noise in tlie eai-s? Is tlie ear-wax dry or fluid, oozing from the ears, or fcetid? Are the nostrils obstructed ? Is there a cold in the head with or without a discharge from the nose? Sneezing? Sense of smell ? Soreness and rawness of the nostrils, or a bad smell from them? Bleeding at the nose? Are the t^h incrusted with tartar, loose, decayed, and have any fallen out or been extracted? Are the gums pale or red, hard or soft, spongy, swollen, apt to bleed, or retracted from the neck of the teeth? Is there dryness of the mouth? Or excessive flow of saliva? Is the saliva viscid, slimy, foetid, bloody ? Is the surface of the tongue, tonsils, uvula, palate, fauces or lips affected with blisters, swellings, or ulcers, or covered with mucus? Is the tongue dry or moist, acutely sensitive, chapped, sore or raw, clean or covered with fiir (white or yellow)?-^ — Are the functions of speech, chew- ing, or motions of the tongue unembarrassed? Is swallowing performed without difficulty? (Is the swallowing of fluids or solids or of the spittle attended by no inconvenience?) Has the jiatient a bad breath ? Is the taste natural or absent, slimy, salt, bitter, sour, foul? — Have the different articles of food their i>roper taste, or are they insipid, slimy, bitter, sour, salt, etc.? — How is the apj)etite_and thirst? What articles of food or drink are pi-eferred? What complaints arise after eating and drinking? Is thiT patient troubled with frequent belching of wind, with or without taste, — or does it taste of the food just eaten, or of what? Is there regurgitation of fluids from the stomach, or a collection of saliva in the mouth? and of what taste in either case? Is there vomiting of water, saliva, or mucus, of an acrid or bitter taste, or of a putrid taste and smell, or of a yellow, green or bloody aspect? Does the patient vomit coagulated blood, or food? Is there sickn&ss<)r-nausea? Is the abdomen tense, full, hard, or empty and retracted ? In the case of pains or other complaints in the abdomen, the particular region in which they are seated should be accurately defined (for example: pit (jf the 28 INSTRUCTIONS FOR PATIENTS. stomacli, region of the navel, immediately below the ribs, in which side, etc.). Is the patient troubled with ilatulency? Is there frequent rolling and rumbling in the bowels? Does the wind readily escape, or is it retained, and what are the complaints which it seems to give rise to? Are the evacuations from the bowels effected with ease or difficulty? How freqiienfSfethey ? what is their consistence? are they fsecal or slimy, or bloody, etc.? What is their color? Are there any complaints immediately preceding, during or following a stool? Are there any large or small worms discharged? Are there abrasions or sore places, warts, or piles in the rectum or anus, and do the latter sometimes protrude or bleed? What complaints arise before, or during, or after the urinary discharge? And is the discharge scanty or copious? What is the aspect of the urine? (is it clear, high- colored, or turbid?) Does it soon change after evacuation and deposit mucus or sand, or a white, or red sediment? Does it contain blood, pus, or gravel? Men are to give every information in relation to the sexual functions and the genital organs. Are there any discharges, what, and when? etc. Women should relate every circumstance in relation to men- struation. At what age did it first appear? And have they been regular ever since ? How are the periods now ; are they regular, too frequent or is the interval too long. Too copious or scanty? How long did they continue while the patient was in health and how long since she became sick? What complaints precede, exist with or follow menstruation? What influence upon the discharge has motion or rest, etc.? Is the discharge red, dark, clotted, foetid? — Is the patient troubled with the whites? and how long? Constantly, or before or after men- struation? bland or excoriating? watery or thick? white, yellow, or greenish? foetid? — Has she ever had the green sickness, or uterine diseases, and in what did they consist? Finally intima- tions concerning sexual desire, and its influence upon the health are desirable for the physician. When the patient is or has been married : Has she had chil- dren, and has she often conceived ? — Has she ever had a mis- carriage, and hnw often? How was it occasioned and what were the accompanying symptoms (fur example: great lu.-^s of blood)? INSTRUCTIONS FOR PATIENTS. 29 What complaints were there during pregnancy ? — What were the incidents during labor and child-bed? Were injuries, hsemorrhage, or diseases attendant? or are any complaints re- maining therefrom ? — Did the patient nurse her children at the breast ? And was the nursing attended or followed by any com- plaint? — Has she sutiered with sore nipples, or inflamed breasts? And from this cause or others, has she indurations of the breasts? At what age did menstruation cease? and with what complaints was the cessation accompanied? or with what effect on the health? Is the bxeathing short, or otherwise oppressed? Can the patient ascend a height? Is the breathing asthmatic, wheezing or rattling? Does the patient make any complaint on drawing a deep breath ? How is the -vioice, rough, hoarse, hollow, etc.? Is there a cough ? is it slight and short, or hard and difficult? does it seem to come deep from the chest? do the paroxysms of coughing last long, and are they attended by swelling of the face and loss of breath ? How does the cough sound? Is it dry, or followed by expector- ation? Is expectoration easy or difficult, scanty or copious, mu- cous, purulent, resembling saliva, bloody (interspersed or tinged with blood, and of a bright, or dark color, or is it pure blood?) white, yellow, green, ash-colored, etc.? Does it taste salt, sweet, bitter, or what taste has it? Is there a superabundance of mucus in the larynx or trachea, or does it seem to lie deep in the chest? In what part of the organs of respiration is seated the irritation to cough? and from whence proceeds the matter expectorated? Is there palpitation of the heart? or throbbing in other parts of the body? I5oes the patient suffer from transient flushes of heat? He can perhaps describe the condition of the pulse. Are the glands beneath the ear, under the jaw, in the arm-pits, on the head, or in the groins, swollen or suppurated? Is the patient afflicted with goitre (this is an enlargement of the gland over the wind pipe). Are there swellings of the Hotiph nr jnirtts, are there tubercles or swellings, or swollen or knotted veins? Are there any parts red, swollen, and painful? Are the hands or feet swollen? Is there lameness of one or more of the limbs? Are there cramps or spasms, tremor, twitching or starting, or falling asleep, or other morbid sensations in any of the limbs? Is the gkin pallid, yellow, etc.? Is it dry or inclined to sweat, or otherwise in an unhealthy condition? 30 INSTRUCTIONS FOR PATIENTS. Is there itching of the skiu (tickling, slight prickling, or a sensation of biting, burning, crawling, sticking?) is it relieved by scratching, or is the sensation thereby only changed for another? The presence in the skin of wheals, swellings, boils, chilblains and corns is to be mentioned, and the attendant sensations described. Also cutaneous eruptions, as miliary eruptions or rashes, spots, pimples, vesicles and pustules are to be described, viz. : their seat, color, abundance, size; whether filled with water or pus, whether covered with scabs or crusts, and their duration. Also, tetter, scaliness, scald, brown and blue spots, moles, freckles, cracks or fissures of the skin, blisters with corrosive discharges, ulceration at the angles of the mouth, warts, swellings of the bones, chafing of the skin, malformation of the nails, falling out of the hair, scales or scabs on the head. When there are ulcers, whether they are inflamed or overgrown with what is called proud flesh, whether their margins ai-e elevated, whether they easily bleed, or their bottom looks red, black, or as if containing a fatty sub- stance; whether the matter issuing from them is copious, thin, thick, bloody, white, yellow, black, corrosive, foetid. Is there chilliness, or a feeling of heat? Chilliness, heat, or swfiiit of particular parts? — Sweating of the feet, whether warm, cold, or foetid? When the patient has fever, do the paroxysms consist of a cold, hot and sweating stage? Do they alternate with or succeed each other? What is the order of their successsion? With what intensity, and how long does each continue? Are they general, or do they afiect particular parts only? with or without thirst? with paleness or redness of the face and skin? Are there other symptoms accompanying the paroxysms of fever (cold, hot and sweating stage) ? Particular paroxysms of disease, as swooning, cramps, epilepsy, spasms of the stomach, asthma, etc., are to be accurately described in their commencement, course and termination. Whether they are changed, aggravated or relieved at certain hours of the day, during the performance of any bodily function, or by certain pos- tures of the body. Does the patient.sleep long, or is he restless, and is the sleep interrupted by frequent waking or startings? Does he talk or moan in his sleep, or has he the night-mare? Is the sleep disturbed by anxious dreams, and of what character? In what posture does INSTRUCTIONS FOR PATIENTS. 31 the patient lie during sleep? Is he accustomed to sleep with his mouth open? How is his strength? Is he obliged to lie down, or can he remain up? Does he feel languid, weary, or sluggish, etc.? Is he emaciated? The patient should relate his previous diseases, — particular cutaneous diseases, — -itch, eruptions of the head, tetter, erysipelas, small-pox, measles, pimples on the face or any itching eruption of the skin. — Also, whether he has had scrofula (glandular swell- ings), rickets, gout, rheumatism, piles, difficult dentition, worms, cramps, epilepsy (convulsions), whooping-cough, inflammation of the lungs, or other inflammations, intermittent or remittent fever, jaundice, hemorrhages, diseases of the teeth, apoplexy and palsy, sweating of the feet, ulcers, or other diseases. He should relate how long he has labored under either of these afl^ections, how long he was under treatment for them, what were the reme- dies employed, and what he has used for the existing disease, Has he resorted to medicated baths, herb teas of any kind, blood- letting, emetics or cathartics, teas "for purifying the blood,'' valerian tea, "strengthening medicines," Peruvian bark, etc And is he accustomed to the use of any of these remedies? Is he in the habitual use of distilled or fermented liquors, coffee, tea, much fat victuals, acid, or highly-seasoned food? — Does he partake of nuich food, and what? — His manner ofjiying should be described, and whether he is accustomed to the use of woolen clothing, and whether his habitation is in a wholesome condition. — When passions or emotions of the mind retard recovery, or have caused and sustained the disease, he should not funccal these circumstances from the physician. For example: disa))- pointed love, blighted hopes, grief, domestic unhappiness, want. Neither should he conceal the fact of fociaer habits of licentious- ness, if any such have existed, and which may have contributed to his disease. If he has always been of a weakly frame of body, probably his disease is hereditary ; and if when an infant, he did not receive his nourishment at the breast, but was brought up " by hand," the physician should be informed of the fact. n 32 LIST OF EEMEDIES. LIST OF REMEDIES. Aoonitura, Crocus. Petroleum. Antim. .Ilium crmliim, Cuprum metallicum. Phosphorus. Antimonium tartaricum, Drosera. Phosphoric acid. Argentum nitricum. Dulcamara. Platina. Apis. Euplirasia. Pulsatilla. Arnica radix. Ferrum. Eheum. Arsenicum Fcrriim phosplioricum Khus tox. Belladonna. (:;c4seminum. Ruta. Bryonia. Glon<.ine. Sabina. Calcarea. Ilamamelis. Sambucus. Cantharides. Ilepar sulph. Sanguinaria. Capsicum. Ilyoscyamus. Secale. Carbo vegetabilis. Ignatia. Sepia. Causticum. Ipecacuanha. Silicea. Cepa. Lachesis. Spigelia. C'hamorailla. Lyccipodium. Spongia. China. Mercurius subliraatus. Staphisagria. Cina. Mercurius. Stramonium. Cinchona (see China). Natrum muriaticum. Sulphur. Cocculus. Xux moschata. Viola tricolor. Coffea. Nux vouiica. Veratrum album. Colocynthis. Opium. Zincum. FLUID FOR EXTERNAL USE. Arnica, tincture of root. Cantharides. Calendula. Hypericum. The medicines should be kept iu a dry and nnt too warm place, free from odors, aud excluded froiu a bright light. PART FIRST. The most Common Causes of Disease. CHAPTER I. AFFECTIONS OF THE MIND. SUDDEN EMOTIONS. After an agreeable surprise, if the pleasurable sensa- tions are accompanied by great excitement, trembling, fainting, headache, etc., which may happen to women and children, give Coffea; particularly if they cry, weep, or laugh. After a common fright, caused by a sudden noise, etc., give Opium if it can be given immediately; but if an hour or more should have elapsed. Aconite is preferable. After & fright, with great terrm; Opium is the best remedy. Frigid with vexation. Aconite; if followed by sad?iess or grief, Jgnatia. If children after being frightened are still fearful, have great heat in the head and twitching around the mouth, give Opium. If the fright is followed by pains in tlie forehead, sour vomiting or eructation, weakness and cold sweat, or stupor with internal heat, agitation and heaviness in the abdomen, or coldness of the body, with trembling or nervous twitch- 3 (33) 34 AFFECTIONS OF THE MIND. ing, oppression of the cliest with anxiety, stiffness of the limbs, unnatural sleep with loud snoring, give Opium in water, a teaspoonful, every fifteen to twenty minutes; if better, less often. Should within an hour the difficult breathing be the same, particularly if after vomiting or coughing the patient should feel like suffocating, the face turn bluish, without snoring, children weep much and grasp about them, grown persons tremble as if in distress, breathing more like whistling than snoring, give Sambucu3. If the difficult breathing increases to suffocation, and violent pains appear in the stomach and pit of the stomach, give Aconite. If the fright is followed by twitching of the limbs, or convulsions, insensibility, loss of sight, trembling, difficult breathing, involuntary evacuations, give Oiniun; and if this should have no effect within half an hour, Ignaiia, or Glonoine. If their sight fails, if they sink down, become pale as death, or alternately pale and red, have twitching around the mouth, jerking of the limbs or spreading of the fingers, give Glonoine; if the back becomes stiff, Ig- natia. When children have been frightened into fits, and scream, tremble, have twitching in the arms and legs — if the head is hot, with much perspiration and redness of the face, give Opium every five or ten minutes; if not better in half an hour. Belladonna; but if they become very ]):ilf, Iijunfia; if very cold, with involuntary evacua- tions, ]'(i-rdnnn. See "Spasms." In cases of simple vomiting, sickness of the stomach, or pains caused by a fright, Aconite. For diarrhoea, caused by any sudden mental emotion, as grief, fright, bad news, the anticipation of any unusual ordeal, give Gelseminum ; if they are cold and tremble, Veratrum; when internally hot and externally cold, or the body hot and the limbs cold, Pulsatilla. If the head is hot, Opium. See " Diarrhoea." AFFECTIOXS OF THE MIXD. 35 For/amccacnanlia. When tedious and often returning, and the patient has formerly taken too much mercury, Carbo vegetabilis. Sulphur or China. If these do not relieve, Silicea or Hrpar. If these affec- tions result from bathing, Bryonia, Aniimonium crudum, Sulphur, or JVur moschata, and after a few weeks, Carbo vegetabilis or Calcarea. When the patient cannot perspire, Chamomilla or China, Arsenicum or Silicea. When the perspiration is too copious, Mercurius, Phosplujric acid, Carbo vegetabilis. Sulphur or Hcpar. When a person takes cold very easily, he should abstain from the use of coffee and spirituous liquors; use more cold drinks than warm; wash himself frequently in cold water, and accustom himself more and more to the air in every kind of weather ; this custom wUl gradually diminish the disposition to take cold, and finally remove it entirely, particularly if tlie patient takes some of the following medicines: Coffea, Belladonna, Nux moschata, Nux vomica, China, Dulcamara; or Silicea, Carbo vegetahilis, Calcarea. The latter three must not be taken too fi-equently, but only at long intervals. If one is much afraid of the cold air, yet feels worse in the warm room, give Apis ; if he h;is a great desire to go out, but takes cold every time he does so, Cepa. COXSEQUENCES OF COLDS. 51 If, after using the means recommended above, there should still remain the same susceptibility, and the patient be chilled by every tlraiight of cold air, let him take Nux vomica or Chamomilla. If exposure to i-old produces pain, Arsenicunu If the patient is apt to get his fingers, nose, etc., frosted and he is not taking other medicines, let him rub the parts witli spirits of camphor tefore exposure to the cold. If the patient has chilblains, let him take the remedies prescribed under "Chilblains;" if affected by every bhist of cold air, Bryonia or Mhos toz., Nux moschata, Veratrum. or Mercurius, and if they do not answer, Carbo rerjetabilis or Calcarea, according to circumstances. If he cannot Ijear the wind, Carbo vegetabitU; if not a draught, China, Belladonna, Sulphur, SUicea or Calcarea, one after the other, at long intervals. If wet, cold stormy weather disagrees and he is benefited by external warmth, ^kx moachata ; if aggravated by warmth, Mercurius. When the night air only is injurious, Mercurius will prove beneficial, and after several days have elapsed. Sulphur; to be followed, if necessary, by Carbo vegetabilis. If a person feels ill in damp weather, give Dulcamara, Nux moschata, Rhus lox., or Verairum, and later Carbo vegeiabilis or Calcarea. If the dampness affects the chest, Dulcamara or Carbo vegeiabilis. One who is afiected by a tliunder-storm, should take Bryonia during the storm, and later SUicea. Phosphorus and Sulphur are also recommended. For excessive fear during a thunder-storm, Gelseminum ; if this fails, give Glonoine. If every change of weather aggravates the complaint, give first Mercirius, Blieum or Bhus tox; later. Sulphur or SUicea. If a change from warm to cold affects most injuriously, give Dulcamara or Rhus tox ; if from cold to warm, Carbo vegeiabilis or Lachesis. If damp- ness affects most, Nux moschata. For colds occurring in the spring, the remedies most often indicated are, Veratrum, Rhus tox. and Carbo vegeiabilis; in summer, Belladonna, Bryonia, Anlimonium crudum and Carbo vegetabUis; in autumn, Verairum, Mercurius and Bhus tox.; in winter, dui-ing dry weather, Aconitum or Belladonna, Bryonia, Nux vomica, Chamomilla or Sulphur; sometimes Ipecacuanha; but during damp weather, Dulcamara, Nux moschata, Veratrum or Carbo It is, however, necessary to examine closely under the heads of the different complaints, as these general remarks are merely intended to guide the patient to the remedy to be preferred in doubtful cases. After cutting the hair bad results often follow, particularly with children, which are attributed to cold ; for sudden faintness, twitching or convul- sions, congestion, heat of the head, redness of the face, or fear with mistrust or anxiety, give Glonoine; for fear with inclination to weep or run away, Belladonna; to children, while cutting teeth, Chamomilla. For headache. Belladonna, Bryonia, Glonoine, or Pulsatilla, according to the symi)toms. 52 CONSEQUENCES OF OVEKHEATING, ETC. CHAPTER III. CONSEQUENCES OF OVERHEATING, IM- MODERATE EXERTION, AND GREAT EXHAUSTION. After immoderate exertion, great relief will be felt from taking a warm Turkish bath, if that can be procured. If the limbs are painful, or burn, they will be relieved by rubbing with the bare hand or a soft flannel. Kneading and rubbing the .muscles of the back and limbs afford great relief. OVERHEATINCx. When you have overheated yourself with work in sum- mer, it is well to take a few drops of good whiskey or brandy on sugar, or a small C[uantity of strong wine, and refrain from drinking cold water till your lireath has the normal temperature. If you are much fatigued, it is ad- visable to take a cup of tea. Sun-Stroke. — During the hot weather of summer, adults as well as children, who work hard or exercise too freely in the hot air, are sometimes so much aflfected by the heat, that they fall down suddenly as if struck by ajioplexy, or first stagger, try to support themselves and then sink down. In such, cases give Glonoine, particularly if the following symptoms are present: eyes fixed, without ex- pression, glassy; pupils contracted; pulse scarcely per- ceptible, or so quick that it can hardly be counted ; loss of speech or at least disinclination to speak; sometimes CONSEQUENCES OF OVERHEATING, ETC. OO retching, face pale, white or yellowish-red; cold sweat; body cold ; head hot to the touch, particulai'ly when the hand remains long on the head. In all cases of sun-stroke, with heat of the head inter- nally as well as externally, warm water should be used, either by applying to the head a wet cloth, or by pouring the water ujjon the head. Application of ice is senseless, and blood-letting mur- derous. In some cases of sun-stroke, when the heat is not only about the head, but also over the whole body ; the . pupils small, color of the face changing; pulse large, hai'd and full; when the patient shows now and then signs of distress and anxiety by different movements, as starting, putting the hands to the head, grinding of the teeth, roll- ing of the eyes, etc., give Aconitum in water. Belladonna must be given at once in cases with the fol- lowing symptoms: eyes fixed, half open, or turned up- wards; pupils large, or very small, or of indifferent size; face red; head and whole body hot; involuntary escape of urine and fffices; pulse full and hard; occasional twitch- ing or trembling of the limbs; putting of the hands to the head; bending backwards of the head; heavy sleep. To habitual drunkards, or if you smell that liquor has been drunk shortly before, it is better to give Nux vomica; if this does not relieve, Arsenicum. Similar symptoms may be caused by exposure of the bare head or nape of the nock to the rays of the sun, by sleeping in the sun, or falling asleep near a stove, or before a grate. The same remedies, or one of the following, will be required according to the kind of lieadache. Headache from Heat. — For fullness, as if the head were pressed asunder, worse when stooping, particularly in the forehead as if the contents would drop out, increased by walking, stepping and every motion, combined with hot fever, thirst, vomiting and sleeplessness, give Bella- donna or Bryonia. If combined with anxiety, uneasiness. 04 CONSEQUENCES OF OVEEHEATING, ETC. rage or great irritability, desiiondency, starting, fear of I)resent objects, lamentation, weeping, etc., give BeUadonna. If the patient is very weak and peevish in the morning, cannot bear the pressure of his clothing, is more passionate and cross than plaintive and desponding, and apprehen- sive of future evil, give Bryonia. If overheating always causes headache, especially if there be heaviness, throbbing and pressure over the eyes, and pains in the eyes, when using them, give Carbo vcgetahUis. When headache is caused by heat or great exertion, while exposed to the sun in summer, or \ij getting too warm before the fire, or by ironing; when the head feels too full, and there exists a want of appetite, particularly in the morning, with much thirst, fever, trembling, nausea and vomiting, or diarrhoea, give Bryonia. When the head feels too full, with the sensation of a pulsating-rising, which threatens ^o burst the head, give Glonoine. DiARRHCEA. — In diarrhoea accompanied by fever, caused by excessive heat in summer; and also in colicky pains occasioned by drinking milk, give Bryonia. To a person who cannot bear the heat of summer, or cannot work in the heat, particularly when troubled with night-sweats, who is very sleepy, or suffers from complaints in tlie stomach and abdomen, and Bryonia does not answer, give Antimonium crudum. If nausea, which is caused by the heat, returns constantly, the remedies prescribed give but temporary relief, give Silicea. FATIGUE. The fatigue after walking a great distance, or after much labor, particu- larly in summer, is frequently so great that rest does not relieve, but, on the contrary, seems to increase it. If possible let tlie suficrer take a warm, or still better a Turkish bath ; if that be impracticable, let him put his feet into warm water, into which a handful of salt lias been thrown. If this CONSEQUENCES OF OVEKHEATIXG. ETC. OO does not relieve, give Bhm tox. A cup of tea, not too strong, is also to be recommended. IiX fatigue, with great debility, or after any great exer- tion, producing great exhaustion, Arsenicum will give rehef If the exertion M-as accompanied by much lifting and stretching, or if it caused perspiration, and the body has been cooled too quickly by cold air or water, give Ehus tox.) particularly if the joints pain much. Sliould fatigue produce a sensation of faintness, or ac- tual fainting, or if the 23a,tient suffered great fear before or during the exertion, give Veratrum; if this does not relieve, give Gelseminum; if no food had been taken for a long time, Coffea. For great weakness, in consequence of profuse perspiration, or if the patient was previously de- bilitated or had night-sweats, give China. If there are symptoms of internal heat, such as hot breath and quick pulse, give Aconite, and if not relieved by this, Bryonia. If the accelerated circulation continues for several days, and the slightest exertion produces a tendency of blood to the head or chest, or if the face is flushed, give Mercurius. For soreness in all the limbs, particularly in the muscles, a feeling as if bruised, Arnica \s, the best remedy. If after fatigue, particularly with people otherwise easily affected, or such as cannot bear the cold air, there appear weakness, pain in all parts on which they lie, particularly pain in the temples ; a dull, sleepy disposition, they can- not recollect; are sleepy without getting relief from sleep; some are afraid of going to sleep, on account of the beat- ing in tlio head, Nux moschata will give relief If the feet have become sore from walking, take Arnica internally and apply the tincture externally ; if they are blistered, Arnica will do no good ; if the walk must be continued, apply tallow or suet; in the evening take Ccpa, and apjjly a wet cloth. 56 CONSEQUENCES OF OVERHEATING, ETC. If the fatigue is so great that it causes internal pains and restlessness ; if sleep does not refresh ; every part pains at the slightest touch ; sitting and standing weaken very much; walking about relieves a little; the beating of the pulse is felt all over the body, give Nairum muri- aticum. If every exertion or motion causes a prickling sensation in different parts of the body. Apis; if it re- mains or returns again and again, give Hepar. . If the limbs are painful after carrj'ing or lifting, par- ticularly during rest or when moving a little, and better from continued motion, give Elms tox.; when there are shooting pains in the small of the back, especially if worse from moving and not relieved by continued motion, give Bryonia; if it is impossible to move the back, on account of excessive pain, give Sulphur. See " Overlifting." If a person, who is otherwise in good health, feels tired after the least exertion, even from talking, or if he has lost much sleep, give Cocculus; but if talking makes him so tired in the throat, that 'it pains. Apis; and if this does not relieve, Veratrum ; if this fails also, give Calcarea. When walking briskly causes loss of breath, or cough- ing, stitches in the side or pain in limbs, give Aconite; if the stitches in the side continue, give Arnica; if this does not afford any relief, Bryonia. If every c|uick motion causes an almost suffocating shortness of breath, with perspiration about the neck, Sambucus will give relief If the shortness of breath continues, or becomes worse, by walking briskly, running, or ascending, attended with coughing and raising of phlegm, give Silicea. When riding in a carriage causes nausea, give Cocculus. If it causes headache, particularly if worse after riding, give Sepia. Compare article on "Seasickness." CONSEQUENCES OF OVERHEATING, ETC. SITTING UP AT NIGHT Is always debilitating, yet every one should be able to bear it in case of need. If it produces greater weakness than u.sual, if persons cannot deprive themselves of a few hour's sleeji, give Cocculus or Phosphoric acid. If sitting up occasions headache, or if a person has taken much coffee, wine or spirituous liquors to keep himself awake, give Nux vomica; if the headache is not caused by spirituous liquors, and the patient is unable to lie down, or has nausea, give Ipecacuanha. If the head is worse at night, but a little better in the morning, especially to mild tcmjiered women, give Pulsatilla. If there is deter- mination of blood to the head, heaviness, as if intoxicated, worse when moving the eyes, with buzzing in forehead, pale, haggard face, heaviness in the forehead, hardly able to hold up the head, with nausea, chilliness, weakness and peevishness, give Nux vomica; particularly if the patient is of a passionate and energetic disposition. If the head feels empty and light, or heavy; bright light is unbearable ; better in the open air, worse when Ij'ing down ; particularly to mild, yielding persons, give Pulsatilla. When the head trembles, is light, there are flushes of heat in the face, blue circles around the eyes, the )nouth perfectly dry without thirst, loathing of food, belching, attacks of nausea with faintness, fullness of the stomach, oppressed breathing, if worse in the air, from siaeaking or drinking coffee, if the patient is very sad and often startled in sleep and has frightful dreams, give Cocculus. If greatly excited in the evening, does not sleep well, is weary when rising, China; if complaining of feeling sore all over, Ai-nica. In the worst cases, wlien body and soul appear worn out by want of sleep and great exertion, when despondent, 58 COXSEQUENCES OF OVERHEATING, ETC. and there is a sensation of heat deep in the head, give Cuprum. See "Mental Exertion." The eiTects of hxte hours and late suppers may be coun- teracted by Pulsatilla or Nux vomica, according to the above indications, or by Lachesls or Carbo vcfjetabilis. See "Consequences of Intoxication." CONFINEMENT AND EXCESSIVE MENTAL APPLI- CATION. Excessive mental application is always injurious. Everyone should daily exercise in the open air for at least one or more hours. If close confinement has pro- duced abdominal symptoms, and if the patient has been accustomed to coffee or spirituous liquors, Nux vovilca, taken in the evening, will often have a good effect ; if af- ter several days, the symptoms return, give Sulphur. When the head feels heavy and dull, Nux vomica is a good re- medy ; if there is congestion to the head, dizziness, throb- bing of the arteries in the neck, indicating brain fever, give Belladonna. See "Headache." If these medicines prove ineffectual, and if every exertion of the mind causes headache, give Calcarea or Lacliem. If there is merely a sensation of giddiness, as if drunken, give to passionate people, Nux vomica; to mild, lachrymose subjects, Pulsa- tilla. Toothache, cough, fainting, and other complaints caused by mental application, often yield to Nux vomica. EXCESSES Injure liody and mind more tlian anvtliing else. If tlicy consist in intcm- |ieranrc in eatin.; or drinking, apply tlio remedies jircscribed under " Dis- (irdcixil stiiniarh." But if they are sueli a.s waste the very marrow and essence of the constitution, the greatest abstemiousness is a most absolute condition. CONSEQUENCES OF OVEKHEATING. ETC. 59 The principal remedy, and the one whioh should be given lirst, but which may be given repeatedly after other remedies, is China. Afterwards, and particularly if the patient bitterly regrets his vicious conduct, give Phosphoric acid. Look also under the head of the special complaint of the patient, and select in preference such remedies as China, riiosjjltoric acid, Staphisagria, Nuz vomica, Sulphur or Dulcamara, whichever may seem to suit best. The same treatment is recommended when the patient has lost his strength by self-abuse ; give in the beginning China, Staphisagria, or Nux vomica ; later Phosphoric acid. Sulphur or Calcarea. The patient should be persuaded to leave off his bad habits, and encouraged to constant occupation, even hard work ; he should eat sparingly, take little sleep, abstain from all spirituous liquors, avoid bad company, and ab- stain from reading books calculated to excite the passions. Should a morbid irritation trouble the patient, which is often the case with children, select one of the following medicines : China, Mercurius, Carbo ve(/etabUis, 2^ux voniiai, PtdsatUla, Staphisayria ot Anlimonlum crudum, SiUcca, Platinum, Cutnirni, S.jiia i.i- < 'mxidas. Frequently, when China and Carbo ver/etabitis are iii^ullic inii, J/, rmrins will effect more; if not, Sulphur. Those remedies must not In; ri'|iLatLcl often; Coffea, Opium, Aconite, Ignatia may be given intermediately according to circumstances. All those who liave become so much debilitated by excesses, that they are e:isily affected by every little current of air, or cold wet weather, prefer remaining in-doors, or are very peevish and fickle, will be relieved by Nux moschala. If these vices have so weakened the constitution, that the effects appear even after marriage, although then living moderately, give, if the Ixead is much affected, Calcarea. For great weakness and trembling of the legs, the same; for asthma, Staphisagria; burning in the parts, Mercuriua or Carbo vegetabilis. Weakness in the feet, heaviness, and a feeling of soreness in the limbs, dullness, ill-humor and lassitude, may be remedied by Cocculus. A good liomoeopathic physician will restore all such cases. Never con- sult a quack who professes to make a specialty of treating these complaints with secret medicines. If such remedies were of any use, the discoverer would be more successful by introducing them to the notice of physicians. Great harm is often done by the use of patent medicines, and your complaint will be the harder to cure because your pliysician must remain in the dark as to the nature of the drug with which you have been dosed. bU CONSEQUENCES OF SURFEITING. LOSS OF BLOOD AND OTHER FLUIDS. Loss of fluids by excessive perspiration or purging, or long continued diarrhoea, too long suckling of ciiildren, too great a flow of milk, too copious and long standing monthly discharge, blood-letting by the lancet, or loss of blood by other means, often occasion great weakness, ac- companied by other symptoms; dizziness, headache, pal- pitations, etc. In all such cases give China. If any of the above causes, particularly improper bleeding, should produce fainting or convulsions, immediately give China, and do nothing else; as soon as the sick person recovers, if his mouth is very dry, or if he moves the tongue, give him a little cold water; if he faints again, or has spasms, or if ho does not recover entirely, give him a teaspoonful of good old wine; after a while repeat, if necessary, the China, and later, the wine. After this, give him as much cold water as he wishes to drink, but not too much at once. Should any sj-mptoms remain which are not re- lieved by China, give Phosphoric acid; should this fail, Nux vomica, and later, Arsenicum ov Sulphur. Compare article on " Piles and Hemorrhage." CHAPTER IV. CONSEQUENCES OF SURFEITING. DISORDERED STOMACH. When a person has eaten too much, or partaken of any thing heavy, and soon after feels that his stomach is out of order, let him take a cup of strong coffee without milk ; should headache or other comjilaints follow, jiarticularly I CONSEQUENCES OF SURFEITING. Gl pressure in pit of llio stomaeli, oppression, nausea, or in children trembling and coldness, give Pulsatilla in water every half hour until relieved. If the patient retches constantly and looks pale, give Ipecacuanha; if the retch- ing is accompanied by heat, particularly in the head, the patient tosses about anxious and distressed. Aconite. Chilliness indicates rulsatilla; great coldness with violent pains in the stomach, J'eratruin.. If there remains head- aclie, pressure and heaviness in the stomach, and qual- mishness, give Chamomilla ; if this fails, Nux vomica. If there is no improvement felt on the following morning and loathing, nausea, inclination to vomit, still continue, if there are risings with a bad mouldy taste and smell, resembling , the smell of the food that has been taken, give Antimonium crudum; if there is rising with a bitter taste, Bryonia; or when putrid, Nuz vomica; if like rotten eggs. Arnica; if greasy, Pulsatilla; and if acrid and bitter, Arsenicum. The patient ought to take no nourishment but gruel, barley water, tea and toast, and lastly thin broth, for two or three days, to give the stomach time to recover its functions. A disordered stomach produced by eating pork, or other fat meat, pastiy, rancid butter, etc., will be relieved by Pulsatilla. If this does not suffice, try Carlo vcgctahiUs. For complaints after eating pastry, fresh bread or cake while warm ; the patient groans and feels oppressed as if his stomach would burst, give Belladonna. A disordered stomach from other food, risings with a taste of what has been eaten, nausea, inclination to vomit, will yield to Antimonium crudum or Pulsatilla. Tor a disordered stomach from eating /rui<, Arsenicum or Pulsatilla; nausea and belching, dry mouth, without thirst, Pulsatilla; much vomiting, constant desire to drink a little at a time, Arsenicum; to persons in the habit of drinking beeror malt liquors, Pulsatilla; spirituous liquors, Arsenicum; children of a mild, vielding, timid, tearful dis- 62 CONSEQUENCES OF SURFEITING. position, afraid of strangers, Pulsatilla; obstinate children who are easily offended and become enraged, and are afraid of being alone, Arsenicum; constantly asking for different things, Bryonia or Pulsatilla; if not inclined to give any thing to others, or if cross for being looked at, Arsenicum. Compare " Diarrhoea." For bad effects from eating ice-cream, take Arsenicum; from drinking ice water, or a variety of mild drinks, Carbo vcffctabilis. For disordered stomach from bad, sour wine, particu- larly with much nausea, Antimonium crudum; from wine containing sulphur, Pulsatilla; from sour beer or vinegar, Aconite, particularly when there is a pressing pain in the stomach, nausea, inclination to vomit, and vomiting of phlegm or blood; if the vomiting is sour, with burning in the throat, cutting pain in the bowels and purging, Hepar. For vomiting of food, burning in the stomach and abdomen, cutting pain in the bowels, with coldness, agitation and thirst, Arsenicum; if connected with great debility and sensitiveness to warm and cold, or damp and dry weather, Carho vegetabilis.-^ For disordered stomach, from stale fish or meat, give forthwith a small quantity Of pulverized charcoal, and if this does not remove all the unpleasant symi^toms, China; if there is a foul rising, and putrid taste, give Pulsatilla. For disordered stomach from salt victuals, Carbo ver/cta- hilis. Long-lasting, bad effects from eating too much salt may be removed by an occasional dose of Phosphorus. For disordered stomach from eating cabbage, especially sour crout, give Bryonia. Complaints after eating very hot food, Causticum. For directions to remove the symptoms from eating old cheese, sausages, spoiled smoked beef, etc., — see article on "Poisoning." Overfeeding of Children. — Children are not unfre- COXSEQUENCES OF SURFEITING. G3 quently made ill by overfeeding, or by giving them indi- gestible food, such as pap made of flour, crackers, bread not sufficiently baked, and the like; especially when they are rocked too much, and are, moreover, dosed with rhu- barb, salts, castor oil, etc. All these things should be avoided. To check vomiting, give Ipecacuanha, particu- larly if the vomiting is accompanied by purging. If this does not soon relieve, give Pulsatilla. If there is purging, with discharge of undigested food, aijd if the child was already debilitated by aperients or long continued diar- rhoja, China. If vomiting is accompanied by constipa- tion, Nux vomica. Very young children siifier more often from overfeeding than from star- vation. Anxious motliers and nurses should reflect that bahies, stomachs are not adapted for large quantities. They sho\ild receive nourishment often and little at a time. Once in two or three hours is often enough. The quantity should be regulated according to the condition and strength of the child. The same kind of diet should not be persevered in too long ; a variety of things should be tried and that which seems most palatable to the child, if it is a wholesome article, made the chief article of diet. Milk should be brought to the boiling point, then allowed to stand till it cools, and the scum that forms on the top carefully removed ; never allow milk to boil for any length of time, boiling makes it indigestible. Thin gruel agrees better with some. If a more substantial fare is required they should have grits, raa, n^ilrss, giddy, as if intoxicated, his face red and full, or pale, ciil.l ;ind raila\ ■iniis; or when he acts as if he were delirious or raving, — in all ihtsc ("iM^, i;ive him plenty of strong coffee, without milk, excite vc'iuitinu', anil administer injections of coffee, till he gets better. Even after he has viiuiitiil liio wliole contents of his stomach, continue giving him the coficc with sugar. In all cases of poisoning, give coffee, if the patient POISONING. 101 'When the i«iisoii is knciwii, and the tepid water intended tn lirii-g- n- vomiting, and tickling in the throat for that purii'i-, ! ' . ■ iii(;ii',n. give coflee in abundance, as a drink and in inju -. wlien the poison contained Prussic acid, which you will i.ellinL; like bitter almonds, or peach kernels, or peach braiuly. Also against laud- anum, opium, morpliine, or stramonium, poisonous mushrooms, etc. ; when a person has swallowed tlie juice of sumacli, or when dangerous symptoms appear after medicine containing beUadoniia, ioIik \ ndi, valerian, conium, cicuta; or after chamomile tea. Coffee is al-.. iin[Mii i;im in cases of poison- ing by wine of antimony, or when autiimuiy, [■Im^iiliorus or phosphoric acid have been swallowed, and particularly I'runi jmisoning by nux vomica and strychnine. Camphor is aprineipal antidote in all poisonines by vegetalile siihstanc&s, and particularly, sharp, acrid, burning pois..n~, whirh r.niM- inlhuiimation and redness; in all cases of poisoning, if the [latieiil sulleis fruiH vomiting and diarrhwa, is pale, cold as ice, and almost senseless ; in such cases, if you do not know what kind of poison h.as been taken, you should give cam- jihor by preference. It will often suffice to let the patient smell it, or it may be rubbed on liis skin, or given by drops on sugar. You can make a salve of it with warm oil, or easily dissolve it in heated brand)'. Against cantharides (Spanish flies), whether they have been swallowed, or got into the eye, or used as a plaster, and they have jiroduced poison- ous effects, camphor is always the best remedy. Also when venomous in- sects or poisonous honey has been swallowed ; for swellings or poisoning caused by hairy caterpillars; for violent symptoms after eating food, in which small bugs or worms may have accidentally fallen, or when small moths have been swallowed — likewise in alarming symptoms caused by the sting of insects. When, together with the other symptoms, the patient finds it difficult to make water, or it is very painful to him, and the urine is intermixed with blood and you have cause to think that this originates from Spanish flies or other insects, camphor is the best remedy. Camphor, finally, is applicable to diminish the effects which medicine may have produced ; when children fall sick after taking tlie usual prepos- terous worm medicines, in accidents from tobacco, bitter abnonds, and medicines that have the smell of these things, or cherry stones, peach kernels, or nuts. It is very useful for the pains left by the use of phosphorus, from poison- ing by minerals, or acids, and particularly salty things. When everything li.is been ejected from the stomach, let the patient smell camphor from time to time. This may also be done in poisoning by mushrooms, or in acei- dents caused by inhaling the fimies of coal or charcoal. The ingredients sometimes recjuisile, sueli ;is ehareoal, lye, kitelien salt, 102 POISONING. gtjrcji, gveen tea, tobacco, are iu most houses ; the other things often as neceesarv, such as magnesia, spirits of nitre, spirits of hartshorn, ought to he kept likewise, Ijeing useful not only in cases of poisoning, but in many othei' 4i»eas6S. In cases of poisoning, things of this kind can only be ser- vieealjle if the poison is perfectly- known. Thej- will be mentioned in their proper place. From the preceding remarks it is evident, that, in cases of poisoning measures ought to be immediately adopted : 1st. To excite vomiting. 2d. To lessen the effect of the j)oison. At first you will have to attend to both alternately, subsequently to the latter object only. The usual emetics are themselves poisonous, and may consequently prove injurious; it is, therefore, best to excite vomiting by the following means: Drinking lukewarm water, as much and as often as possible. Tickling the throat ; and only when this proves ineffectual — Snuff put upon the tongue; or in cases in which this has no effect. Ground mustard with salt in water ; and only in cases, where nothing can be introduced into the mouth. Injections of the smoke of tobacco. But if the symptoms are very urgent and it is thought advisable to empty the stomach as soon as possible, the stomach-pump must be used. The principal remedies to lessen the effects of the poison, when it is un- known, are, if there is great pain, water and the white of eggs — if insensi- bility predominates, coffee. As soon as it is ascertained that the poison is an acid, give magnesia in water or soap-suds ; if a metal, white of eggs or soap-suds ; if an alkali, vinegar and water and lemon juice, or juice of sour fruit. All other remedies are only ajiplicable when you know what kind of poison you have to deal with. TREATMENT WHEN THE POISON IS ASCERTAINED. Generally, the aforementioned rules hold good ; besides attending to the vomiting, however, administer immediately the remedies here recom- mended. The antidotes recommended against eadi particular jioison have been .arranged according to their efficacy, the most efficient being mentioned first. When these are not at hand, give what can be first procured. If a person, for instance, has swallowed sulphuric acid, it would be folly to wait until magnesia or wliite soap could be brought from the apothecary; when these cannot be had on the spot, take a handful of wood ashes,- stir them in water and let this be drunk immediatelv, although it will nut answer as well. POISONING. 103 I. POISONING BY INHALING GASES AND BY SUB- STANCES INTRODUCED INTO THE STOMACH. 1. PoiSONOrS (lASES; AXTIDOTE-S AND TrKATMENT. «) Gases produced in places deprli-cd of a current of fresh air. In deep privies that have not been cleansed for a length of time ; in places deprived of a current of fresh air, wliere ofi'al of animals is sufTered to decay, a poisonous gas of a fffitid, ofiensive smell, resembling tliat of rotten eggs, and in wliicli polished metal, particularly silver, turns black, is generated. Such gas inhaled will cause nausea, nervou.sness and difficulty of breath- ing; the pulse becomes intermittent, there is an expression of languor about the eye; a coldness is felt in the ears; the abdomen is contracted, and unless the sufferer is sjjeedly removed from its influence, convulsions and apparent death ensue, which latter, if no medical aid is afforded, will terminate in actual death. The best disinfectants are chloride of lime, or chloride of zinc. Before persons expose themselves they should provide chloride of lime, some of which, diluted with water, will destroy the fcetid gas, and enable them to work in such places without danger. The bad smell is lessened but not so speedUy removed by throwing in a few shovelfuls of quick lime at intervals for several days. A ])erson who has become insensible by inhaling this gas, should im- mediately be brought into the fresh air, undressed, and placed on his back, with the chest elevated, and cold water thrown plentifully on his face and chest. If you have a solution of chloride of lime in water at band, dip a sponge in it, and hold it occiisionally to the nose. The solution should be so weak, as not to excite cougli in a healthy person who inhales it. Put a tablespoonful of the strong solution into a tumblerful of water, and .put half a teaspoonful of tliis into the mouth of the sufferer, repeat it every five or ten minutes until the patient begins to revive, then at longer intervals. If vinegar can be had sooner, mix this with an equal portion of water, and sprinkle the face with it — and hold a sponge dipped in vinegar before the nose and mouth. During this time tlie iiatient should be rubbed with hot flannel. If Ids face lias been sprinkled with cold water or vinegar, wipe it dry alter a little while ; then rub it with hot flannel, and repeat the sjirinkling. Tiie feet, abdomen, chest, and arms particularly, ought to be well rubbed. The soles of the feet and the back may be brushed a little with a stiff brush. If the patient has not returned to conciousness by this time, follow the directions given for applying the metliod to proint of warm water, and drunk in abundance if much of the poison has been taken. 3. White of eggs. 4. Soap. 5. Milk. Vomiting should be excited as speedily as possible. After the salts or soap give mucilaginous drinks and injections. For pains. Opium, Belladonna, Nux vomica, or Olonoine. For the chronic complaints caused by lead in those who have anything to do with lead- paint, or of those who live near lead-works, use, besides Opium and Bella- donna, Platina, Small doses of alum are also useful. A good preventive for those who work in lead-works, is a lemonade made with sulphuric acid, one or two drops of it to a tiunblerful of water. Poisoning by lead occurs very often from sour victuals being left in tin vessels, for tin is nearly always mixed with lead. Things that are sour or sourish should never be allowed to cool or to remain in metal vessels, nor should silver, tinned or tin spoons be left in acid foods. Sour things should only be kept in wnnilenivaio, stoneware, porcelain or glass. e) Nitrate of S'llrrr, Lmcir Omslic, Lapis Infernalis. — Give common salt dissolved in lukt-wann wak-r, a teaspoonful in a cup of water; drink of this freely ; also milk and mucilaginous drinks. For tlie remaining symptoms give Arsenicum, Kali hydrojodicum and Natrum muriatieum. f) Antimony. — For poisoning by this, taken either as antimonial wine or tartar-emetic, if vomiting has not already occurred, excite it by large draughts of warm water, by tickling the tliroat, etc., — then as most im- portant, give astringent infusions such as tannic acid, nut-galls, oak bark, Peruvian bark, strong black tea. If tincture of cinchona is at hand, this may be given in teaspoonful doses every few minutes till better. Strong black coffee may be given in large quantities. If the vomiting does not cease soon, put the patient into a warm liath, or apply a hot cloth over the stomach and abdomen, and give Ipecacuanha, every five to ten minutes ; if not better soon, Lackesis or Opium; for nausea and other effects, Ipecacuanha and afterwards Nux vomica. For convulsions give Opium, and later Chamomilta. g) Tin. — For poisoning by tin, give white of eggs and milk. The chronic effects of tin, which occur so frequently, from the tin being scraped off from tin utensils, are mitigated by Pidsalilla. 112 POISONING. h) CUoride of Tin— I. Milk. 2. Sugar. 3. "Wliite of eggs. Afterwards Hepar and Pulsatilla. i) Zinc, Sulphate of Zinc. — Milk and eggs should be given, and then car- bonate of soda ; afterwards give Hepar. j) Bismuth. — White of egg ; sweet mucilaginous drinks ; milk; if vomit- ing continues, particularly if water is ejected, give Cinchona or Arsenicum. 6. Vegetable Poisons — Antidotes and Treatment. a) Poisonous Mushrooms. — These fungi do not generally produce any per- ceptible effect until several hours after they have been taken. The abdomen then becomes enlarged, with a cutting pain in the region of the stomach; vomiting and jjurging preceded by thirst, nausea, hiccough, agitation ; cold- ness of tlie limbs, small pulse, stupefaction, incoherent talking and convul- sions. If these symptoms appear, promote vomiting and let the patient drink freely of cold water, as cold as it can be had ; from time to time give finely powdered cliarcoal, made into a sort of paste with sweet oil. Give also Glauber's or Epsom salts. Should these means not afford sufficient relief, let the patient smell slightly of spirits of hartshorn. The remaining sj-mptoms may be removed by Pulsatilla. b) Blighted Corn, Ergot. — Blighted corn, or those thick, black grains in Indian corn, rice, wheat, rye or other grains ; also the sweet or black rusty taint in grain is very injurious to man and beast. The ill-effects of it, how- ever, can be counteracted by the common black nightshade, bruised in cold water, and then hot water poured on it. Inhale the vapor of this or wash the cattle with it. c) Intoxicating Plants. — For plants which are intoxicating in their effects, making the person who takes them drunk, or depriving him of conscious- ness, making liim delirious and raving, the principal antidote is coffee, drunk in large quantities and given in injections. For some of these sub- stances, such as aconite, henbane, and thorn-apple, vinegar answers very well. Vomiting should, however, be fii-st excited, and afterwards large in- jections of soap-suds be given to clear tlie intestines of poison. If the patient has a red face, red eyes, looks wild and stares, cold water poured over him is very useful. Give him an occasional dose of Belladonna. For parts of plants which smell of bitirr aliiion.ls, and consequently con- tain that virulent poison Prussic acid, such as l.hui- ahnnnd.s, peach kernels and peach leaves; also for cordials prepartd witli tliem, such as cherry brandy, persico, and noyau, and many medicinal compounds into whose composition it enters, in all of which it is easily detected by the peculiar smell and bitter taste and by its effects : heaviness, giddiness, oppression, particularly on the chest, first a quick, afterwards a slow pulse, paralysis or a feeling as if paralysis were about to ensue : for all these strong coffee with- out milk is the chief remedy, and in very dangerous cases, spirits of harts- horn, of which the patient may smell a little from time to time, or mix a POISONING. 113 few drops in a tumbler of water, and give a teaspooufiil every ten or fifteen minutes. Wlien the symptoms are very violent, the cold affusion to the spine, described under Prussia acid, will be requisite. d) Opium or Laudanum. — For poisoning with opium, laudanum or mor- phine, the seeds of poppy, or a decoction of poppy heads, which are fuolishly given to children to make them sleep, coffee is the best antidote. If the pa- tient lies insensible, pour hot and cold water alternately over the face and chest ; slap him vigorously with wet towels ; when consciousness is partly restored walk him up and down between two persons ; talk to him, and if he relapses slap him again with the wet towels; try if vomiting can be induced by emetics, if not give large drinks of strong black coffee, this may induce vomiting ; tickle throat with a feather ; if possible use a stomach pump. Let every effort be made to keep the patient awake, and that for many hours. Sometimes a tea made with oats will answer (that is, common oats, such as are given to horses), wash well a large handful of the.se, and then pciur two or three cups of boiling water on them ; give a tablespoonful at a time. If children, after a large dose, remain stupefied or sleep, give them Belladonna, in water, every ten, twenty, or thirty minutes; if this does no good, try Jt/uria(ic acid in same way. Some time after, it is well to give Ipecacuanha, repeating it a couple of times, and il'iln- ]>:iiiy-. n main, Chainomilla; after some days, if necessary, Mercurius. For iiii^iuilii^ wiih the seeds of Stramonium, called also thorn apple, give al>o colite and lemon juice, or vinegar in large quantities; if no vomiting ensues, give mustard and water; for the remaining symptoms give Sax vomica or Opium. e) Poison Vine or Ivy. — Poison vine is apt to cause a complaint similar to St. Anthony's fire (erysipelas). Rubbing or scratching should be avoided as much as possible, and strong waslies or unguents to drive in the erujJtion are also highly injurious. If careful washing with soap and water does not relieve the itcliing, try rubbing with wheaten bran, or dusting with hair- powder. Let the patient abstain from everything that is heating and stim- ulating, and take Bryonia ; if the complaint gets worse, take Bhus tox. If the irritation is in the face, and Bryonia does not give relief, give Belladonna.- External injuries from plants which exude a pungent, milky juice, and which are very common in the country, are removed by washing with soap- water and afterwards with brandy. If some of the juice lias got into the eye, apply the oil of almonds, unsalted butter or milk ; if it lias got into the sto- mach, use soai>suds, milk, etc., but neither acids nor emetics. The same holds good of all acrid, burning, corrosive, vegetable substances, as gamboge, euphorbium, etc. /) Pink Boot. — In cases of poisoning by that noxious plant, pink root, (Spigelia) so frequently given for worms, let the patient smell camphor, give him coffee without milk, and if, after the expiration of several days, palpitation of the heart, giddiness, etc., still remain, give Mercurius. g] Camplior and Saffron. — In cases of poisoning with camphor or safl'ron, give cofiee without milk till it brings on vomiting, and if all the symptoms do not disappear, Opium every half hour until they cease. 114 POISONING. h) Spirils of Turpentine. — In cases of poisoning with spirits of turpentine, Opium, Belladonna, or Bnjonia will jirove cffifacious. If tlie kidneys and bladder are mudi alii-. ' f ' ^' lllegiven. For poisoning by ;i!' ' ; uces let the patient smell cam- phor, and give him culK i |.i ui ,;.l if i!ii- r,,; iplmr does not afford relief. If they produce a feeling of stupcf.ictiuu, wuak vinegar may also be given ; if very painful, soap-suds and milk. 7. Animal Poisons — Antidotes and Treatment. a) Spanish Flics. — Spanish flies (cantharides) or plastere made thereof, contain virulent poison, which not unfrequently produces very serious symp- toms, especially if it gets into the stomach or into the eyes. It causes vio- lent burning, which is aggravated by oil, fat, milk, etc. The best antidotes to be used, both inwardly and applied to the eyes, are the white of eggs ami tepid, slimy substances, such as gruel, etc. Apply these plentifully to tli3 eye, or if you have nothing else, use flour, and do not wash and rub too much. The poisonous substance may often be extracted with a narrow strip of linen or paper rolled into a point. For all bad consequences arising from taking cantharides, or from their application in blisters, and for similar poisoning from other insects, camphor is the chief remedy. Let the patient smell it very frequently, or take a small piece of camphor, put it into a small bottle of water, shake it until the water retains the smell ; give a spoonful of this at a time, and rub with spirits of camphor the parts most affected. For headache rub the temples; for violent pains in the kidnej-s or bladder, rub the loins ; if camphor should afford no relief, give Apis. b) Poisonous Honey. — For the injurious effects of poisonous honey, camplior is also most to be recommended. It should be frequently smelt, and spirits of camphor rubbed into tlie skin. Inwardly give warm tea or coflee witli- out milk. c) Hair of Caterpillars. — The hair of caterpillars is apt to cause violent inflammation. Do not rub, for it will only make it worse ; but apply hand- kerchiefs which have been moistened with spirits of camphor. d) Shell-fish and other poisonous fish, etc. — Among shell-fisli, such as clams, muscles, cockles, etc., we sometimes find some which are poisonous and pro- duce troublesome complaints. If there is an inclination to vomit, encourage it ; give charco;;l with sugar and water, or in molasses ; let the patient smell camphor and afterwards drink coffee without milk. For eruptions and swelling of the face, give Belladonna. If poisonous fish produce bad symptoms, give finely powdered charcoal with brandy, and if this affords relief, some hours after, coflee without milk ; if it does not afford relief, give quantities of sugar to eat or to drink in water ; if tills also proves ineflectual, give weak vinegar internally and ajiply it ex- ternally. POISONING. ] 1 .") "When the poison or urine of toads, frogs or lizards, has got into tlie t;. o, washing tlie eye with warm milk and water has been recommended ; this w'lW do no good, but sa/(Va will. The saliva of a healthy person '\ill .iuu.:i!i, . the acidity of the poison, quiclcer than anything else.* X : ! every hour, or :is often as the symptoms are woree. If lli- ■ ' ; ! ;- tcred tlie month, take as quickly as possible a tablesponiiii ] ]'.■ ' i >•- dered oharcoal with milk or sweet oil. If sudden and d:iK . : -ms appear, let tlie patient smell sweet spirits of nitre. Som. i;,;;i.- jn. r -ivu Arsenicum. c) Poison of fat in half-putrefied meat. — The poison of fat generated in half- putrefied, half-sour meat, blood and fat, and also in cheese, particularly in blood-jjudding-s, liver-puddings, sausages, sour pork, bacon and hams, old rancid goose-grease, and substances not sufficiently or regularly smoked, is very injurious. It is generated very fast, and things which are eatable to- day, may be poisonous to-morrow. The principal symptoms of this poison are: lieartburn and nausea; a feeling of dryness in the throat, extending, by degrees, into the mouth, tlie nose, ears and even the eyes, and after some days cracking of the skin of the eyelids, the sides of the nose and the points of the fingers. The voice be- comes Iioarse very soon, the pulse is slow and weak ; hunger and thirst are vei-y great, but the patient can scarcely swallow anything. It is generally attended by great weakness, the eyelids seem paralyzed, the pupil of the eye is dilated, and the patient does not see distinctly, but as if lie were look- ing through a fog, or he sees everything double. The abdomen at the same time is tense, with much pain and constipation; finally, the knees and feet become stiff. If the patient does not die in a few days, a tedious, often in- curable, disease will remain. Any one who has eaten of such things, and after some hours notices tliese symptoms, should not be tardy in applying the proper remedies. If within four or five hours after the meal he feels disposed to vomit, let him drink tepid water to encourage it. If there is no disposition to vomit, it should be promoted as soon as possible by artificial means. Sometimes the burn- ing and dryness in the throat are supposed to arise from acidity in the sto- mach, and people take magnesia, which does no good ; or they imagine it to be from corrosive poison and take oil, which likewise is useless. The only things that can do good are acids or oil of turpentine. As soon as the stomach has discharged it contents, give weak diluted vinegar ; let the pa- tient wash liimself with it and gargle with it. Lemon juice answers still better. Wlien the patient is getting tired of the acid, give from time to * There aro some people, even doctors of medicine, who are affected or rather afflicted with such an extreme degree of refinement and delicacy, that it borders on silliness ; they think it against all rules of good society to put saliva from the mouth of one person into the eye of another. The doctor may write a prescription, send it to an apothecary's shop, and wait until a poor imitation of saliva has been made, by mixing flltcrod white of eggs and ^J, part of the snlpho-cyanate of soda,— it would take a considerable time, however, before this preparation could be made. 116 POISONING. time a drop oi oil of turpentine on a lump of sugar. Occasionally you may give a cup of cofl'ee without milk, or, what is still better, strong black tea. If the dryness does not diminish or returns again, if mucilaginous injections do not produce any evacuation, give Bryonia. If a temporary imjirovement takes place, wait;' but if the symptoms return, repeat Bryonia. None but mucilaginous injections, with a little acid, ouglit to be administered. If there are still some symptoms left after the use of Bryonia, they may be removed by Veratrum or Phosphoric acid ; should the paralysis or dry- ness remain, give Arsenicum ; this may be followed by Phosphorus if neces- sary. 8. Poison Generated by Disease of any Kind. Disease of any kind in man or beast, generates poison in a similar manner as does putrefaction in animal substances. Tl\,ese poisons difier as much in their nature as the diseases themselves ; some produce but a trifling, others a very considerable efl'ect ; some by mere evaporation, but most of them when they enter the blood or the stomach. Every one shuns that which emanates from sick pei-sons, and thus a natural loathing preserves us from these baneful influences. For this reason careful people avoid the garments of those who have for a long time suffered from a dangerous disease. But against diseased animals we are not generally sufficiently on our guard ; their exhalation alone proves injurious in many cases. Thus, that from a horse which has glanders, may aflect a human being with a disease quite difl'erent. The excrement of sick animals is still worse ; their saliva and the pus from sores are always poisonous ; but notwithstanding the decidedly dangei'ous consequences, leprous or measly pigs arc still kilUd and eaten. The most dangerous malady in this respect is tlic uniliiiuiiiit njiUnic disease of cattle. If the blood of such an animid only lulls upon iIr- baud, it may prove infectious ; the same consequence may result from the skinning of such animals — nay, from the tanning of the skins — and yet avarice and ignorance continue to persist in the skinning of these diseased animals. Their flesh, though salted and smoked, is a poison, and always produces death or a lingering, iiicuralilc diseuse. The malignant splenic disease in cattle is known by a sudden drooping and dullness; they stumble and tremble, particularly after drinking; they have a dry hot skin and short breath ; during these symptoms, inflamma- tory tumors or boils are formed. Unless such cattle can be saved by throw- ing frequently large quantities of w:itor on tlieni, and giving Arsenicum, they must die. In case tlie hitler event takes place, endeavor at least to preserve other animals that may have lieen ixpused, by the use of cold water. Those which perish should be buried in a very deep pit, without being touched by the hands. Everything that has come in contact with such animals should be burnt, buried, or purified with chloride of lime in water. When a person has been infected with this disease, he first feels melan- k POISOXIXG. 117 choly, weak and chilly ; red spots, black in tlie centre, show themselves on dill'erent parts of the body ; these soon become bluish tumors, and eventually inflammatory gangrenous ulcers. By no means put a poultice on them, nor anything warm and moist ; bleeding is also dangerous. The best remedy is quiet, a strict diet, drinking plentifully of cold water, and frequently throwing it over the patient, and drying him quickly afterwards. Internally give Arsenicum, frequently repeated. ■ Whatever has been soiled by horses which have had the glanders, should be cleansed with chloride of lime ; exposing it for a long time to the air and the sun, also, will make it innoxious. If a person has been infected by a glandered horee, give Arsenkum, particularly if there is pain ; repeat it as often as the i)ain increases ; if this does not rL-Iicvo, ,i;i\ f Lachcsis; should this also fail give Phosphoric acid. Sdiik' time alter, Suljihnr may be taken, ifnecessary ; and if some symptoms still reDiain, alu-r thrcL' ur four weeks, give Caleurea. Neither of tliese two remedies should be given oftener than once every five or ten days — and should not be repeated as long as the case improves. When one has reason to fear that he has contracted one of these diseases by contact with the animal, exposure to great heat is recommended. The best way of accomplishing this is to place him in an ordinary vapor bath, or a Turkish bath ; take Rmt Arsenicum, later Lachesis, ifnecessary. In horses, a cure may sometimes be effected by the administration of Aconite, Bhiis tox., and Arsenicum, in the order in which they are named. II. POISONED WOUNDS. Stings and Bites of Animals — Their Antidotes and Treatment. fr) Stings of Spiders. — The sting of spiders, centipedes, scorpions, tlie bites of many flies, mosquitoes, and of bugs, are rarely dangerous, but may be- come troublesome by their numbers, and produce serious consequences by attacking lender parts ; especially when little children or very delicate per- sons are thus afflicted. The best remedy is to hold the injured part near the fire ; or bring a rc i ^ i i\\'> I kiUlu surfaces of bone. When on moving an injured limb, vwu (an ]irii xlvc this sensation, it is a pretty sure indication that it Is fractured. In aJJitiun to this, there is usually increased mobility, which Is the reverse of the peculiar rij;idity of a limb in case of dislocation, some deformity, pain, swelling, inability to move or use the limb, and sometimes It Is shortened. In all cases of suspected fi-acture, send for a surgeon, and for a skillful one too, and not for "the first best;" for mistakes committed under these cir- e.imstances can hardly ever be remedied. "When children are the sufTerers, more despatch is required. But in ordinary cases, a day or two may elapse without incurring any rislc, for a broken bone does not unite so very readily. Before the arrival of the surgeon, tlie broken ];mb should be moved as lif.Ie as possible; on tlie jjainful part put linen bandages dipped frequently into cold water, or diluted Arnica tincture if the soft tissues have been bruised ; internally give Aconite, if the patient is very weak or faint, and some hours after, Arnica. Only when the pains are insufferable, and occasion convul- sions, give ChamomiUa, then Hypericum. In very rare cases only, wlicn the pains are excruciating, and otlier bad symjitoms apjicar, stretching of the limbs will afford any relief. To do this wrap towels firmly above and below the part of the fracture; then fiusten to them long pieces of cloth and t'.e one of these, say the upper, to the head-board of the bed ; then pull slowly on the lower, and when extension enough to relieve the pain h-is been gained, fasten this piece to tV ? lower bed-post or foot-board, and so retain the limb in a painless position till the surgeon comes. After the bone has been set, give Symphytum. Slinuld the bone not unite readily, but remain loose — a.s sometimes happens with aged jiersons — give Calcarca phospkorica, or if not to be had, mix a 128 EXTERNAL INJURIES. small portion of diluted phosphoric acid with lime-water, dry the sediment which will be formed in this mixture, and give the patient as much of it as will lie on the end of a penknife, once a day. If the bones of young people will not heal, give good, strong broth, or meat-extract, which will be mentioned hereafter, under "Apparent Death from Hunger." WOUNDS. We ought first to know what wounds will heal of themselves and when treatment is necessary; we ought also to know how tlie cure can be accele- rated, and what must be done in dangerous cases until a surgecm can be lirocured. All wounds which are not mortal heal of themselves, without any medi- cine," unguents, plasters or salves. External applications are almost always injurious, and all rational practitioners have long ago discontinued the use of them. Nothing more is necessary than to apply a proper bandage, and to wet it from time to time with cold water. If requisite, some medicine should be given internally, and attention be paid to the diet. a) Dressing of the Wound. — The most important thing in the healing of a wound is to bring the sides in close contact and exclude the air. Small, superficial woimds may be closed by pressing the sides together, and tying a bandage around the limb to keep tliem in that position. Common, small cuts on the fingers are often troublesome for a considerable time, as they prevent us from using the hand ; but they will heal quickly with a healthy person, if sewed together, or drawn together by means of adhesive plaster or common court-plaster. When the wounds are longer, penetrating through the skin into the flesh, a superficial suture will not suffice, but you must nse adhesive plaster, the ordinary sticking plaster of the shops. Cut this into strips, a few Inches long, narrower in the middle than at the ends. Warm them with your lireath, or by wrapping them around a bottle filled with hot water, or around your arm, the side on which the plaster is, of course, turned out, till the jilaster becomes soft. The narrow part must be placed on the wound. In applying them press the wound well together, and draw the strips tiglitly over it ; they should be long enough to extend several inches beyond the woimd on each side, otherwise they will not stick well. The hairs ought also to be shaved off from about the wound, and all moisture carefully wiped away. Open spaces ought to be left between the strips, particularly where the wound is deepest, that, in case of suppuration, the matter may be allowed to escape and prevent the formation of abscesses. In dressing the wound the limb should be put in such a position that the wound will not gape, and should be kept in that position as much as pos- tible. Deep lacerated woimds, or long cuts in the face, lips, eyelids, neck, etc., EXTERNAL INJURIES. 129 have sometimes to be unitcii by deeper sutures, which a surgeon alone can do properly. Considerable stabs, or other narrow and deep wounds, must not be closed in this manner, as they wouUl heal on the surface, and suppurate at the bot- tom. But if they are so situated tliat they can be compressed at the bottom, as well as at the orifice, it may be done until the surgeon arrives, who in all sucli cases should be consulted. Besides being sewed or dressed with adhesive plaster, every wound ouglit to be so bandaged, tliat it may be tlie more firmly united, and that the air may be prevented from entering it ; at the same time the limb ought not to be more compressed and laced than is necessary. The simpler the adhesive plaster is, the better the wound will heal; court plaster disagrees with many, as balsams are added, which in some ciises inflame the wound. Anyone can prepare it. Isinglass is beaten and soaked in water until it is soft, then boiled with alcohol in a glass which is placed in boiling water until entirely dissolved ; then it is spread on very fine linen or silk which has been tacked on a board. Wlien dry cut it any desirable size. Plaster is also made witli Arnica, Cal- endula, Hijperkum, Rata and other healing herbs ; but these can only be used when the remedy is distinctly indicated in the case. The bruising of the skin, especially on tlie knuckles, ends of the fingers and on the shinbone, sometimes causes a bad sore, and often becomes trouble- some in children. The best application for such sores is the lining mem- brane of a raw egg. The best mode of obtaining this is to break the egg carefully and peel off the skin with wliicli the shell is lined, in strips as broad as you can make them ; put these with the side wliich was next to the sliell on the wound until it is entirely covered. Another good application is collodium, (a solution of gun-cotton in ether) it is sold in all drug stores. It is to be spread over the wound wjth a soft brush, the ether evaporates, and leaves a thin, transparent skin, which is not removed by water. The brush must be kept in ether, or it will become hard and stiff. b) Hemorrhage caused by Wounds. — Wounds which have been closed and dressed in the aforesaid manner, generally cease to bleed. Sometimes, how- ever, it is nece-ssary to place a compress of linen upon the wound, and to keep it there with bandages. Cold water applied immediately and often renewed, will frequently stop the bleeding, yet there are cases where it does not suflice. Wlien the blood is gushing out of the wound, when the wound is on the neck, the superior and interior part of the thigh or arms, the whole limb or side of the neck should be compre.ssed till the bleeding ceases, and a sur- geon procured immediately. The hemorrhage is still more dangerous when bright red blood flows from the wound, and tlie blood spurts at intervals as the pulse beats. Hasten, in such a case, to obtain the assistance of an experienced surgeon ; but as 9 130 , EXTERNAL INJURIES. every delay is dangerous, tie a cloth very tightly around the limb above the wound, in the direction of the heart; this will stop the bleeding, but the pressure will be painful, so one can now more leisurely feel for the artery above this bandage on the interior part of the limb, which will be known by its beating; place lengthways on this spot a medium sized cork, press it well home, and put over it a compress two or three inches square, and as thick as a finger, and over this a bandage, which firmly tighten, and loosen the other somewhat ; if no bleeding follows, the first bandage may be taken ofl'; if bleeding does follow, tighten this last bandage till the blood ceases flowing; or if necessary re-apply the former bandage. If the blood does not come in jets with every beat of the heart, but runs in a steady stream and not very profusely, or if the wound is so situated that the entire part cannot be encircled with a bandage, a compress may be put directly over the wound and a bandage be firmly applied. People are apt to have recourse to very improper and injurious means to stop bleeding; in their fright they tie one cloth over the other, until they exhaust their whole stock of rags and handkerchiefs. But that cannot stop the bleeding — it merely conceals it for a few moments. When the first firm bandage does not stop it, the rest are useless and pernicious, as they prevent the cold water from penetrating, and conceal the danger. Some persons put upon wounds which bleed profusely a mass of the most heterogeneous things imaginable: vinegar, cobwebs, balsam, brandy, punk, lead-water, the white of eggs and sweet oil, charcoal, glue, alum, soot, lemon-juice, shoemaker's wax, gum arable, tar, urine, tan, oak leaves, salves, unguents, and other trash, to stop the effusion of blood; all these things render the healing of the wound more difficult, as they soil the surface, and as every foreign thing entering into a wound has again to be exjielled by suppuration. When a proper bandage, the application of cold water and of ice, a quiet and easy position of the patient, does not stop the bleeding, hasten for a surgeon, and until he comes proceed as follows : Give the patient a little salt, and if that does not help him, give some vine- gar and water. Do not give him much drink, particularly nothing warm. Let the wounded part be elevated, and see that there is no more pressure on any part of the body than can be avoided. Should the patient faint, leave him at rest, and do not annoy him with smelling bottles. Fainting is always beneficial, for in this state the blood flows less rapidly,, and is more apt to congeal in the wound, especially when aided by applications of cold water. If the patient turns quite pale, and becomes blue in the face, or has jerking of the limbs, however, there is danger, and Cinchona should be given immediately. After this, if worse again, give him a little good old wine, and after that, if necessary, repeat the Cinchona. The same remedies ought to be given after much loss of blood ; but when the bleeding has ceased, the patient may drink small quantities of cold water as often as he asks for it. EXTERNAL INJURIES. 131 To stop tlie bleeding, when the fii-st bandage and tlie application of cold, wet rags does not do it, give Arnica; if this fails, Ipeeacuanlia. Tlie black glutinous drops which hang in chimneys where wood is burnt, will answer, if nothing better can be got. Take a portion of this as large as a pea, dis- solve it in a tablesiwonful of brandv, until the latter turns brown — mix this with half a tumbler of water, and drop it into the wound. If Kreosote can be had, it is to be preferred : one drop of it in a teaspoonful of water is fully strong enough. The persulphate of iron, known commonly as Monsel's Salt, is the most powerful styptic and may be put into the wound as a dry powder, or else mixed with a little water, and a cloth saturated with it applied to the bleeding parts. The bites of leeches sometimes bleed too much ; children have thus bled to death in the night, when proper attention was not paid to them. The wisest plan is to use no leeclies at all; but those who have no knowledge of better remedies, must be expected to have recourse to improper ones. These wounds can be closed by putting in a couple of stitches, in the way before explained — they give no pain whatever. With children who dread this, tlie bleeding may be stopped by pressing the finger upon the wound for a considerable time, and applying some shoemaker's wax. During the night particular attention should, notwithstanding, be paid lest the bleeding re- commence. After a vein has been oiiened the same precaution is necessary. The patient ought to rest undisturbed, and some one should be in attendance to see that the vein does not bleed again. c) Cleansing of the Woujid. — However well a wound may have been band- aged, it will not heal if it has not been properly cleansed ; therefore, before dressing the wound, free it from everything extraneous. If the wound is fuU of dirt or sand, or if there are siilinters in it, small pieces of glass, fish- l)ones, shot or rags, or if the iron which made it was rusty, it will not heal so eiisily. All foreign substances should, if possible, be removed by the forceps and by washing well with water. If you find it impossible to cleanse the wound thoroughly, dress it but lightly, not pressing it much, and renew the dressing frequently. Wounds of this kind, particularly when splinters remain in them, should always be dressed by a surgeon. When a person has run a nail, fish-bone, splinters or gla.ss into his foot, they cannot always be removed entirely; surgeons cut often in every direc- tion, but in vain. Into such a wound drop at once a little vulnerary balsam; balsam of Peru is best; but if you have none, use Canada or any other; put over this a compress of linen, and tie it to the sole of the foot. Kenew the application of the balsam every day until the wound ha.s healed from within. At the same time the wounded person should walk occasionally, even though painful to him ; the motion will assist in cleansing the wound. If there is mucli inflammation, apply cold water extfernally, and internally the remedies prescribed below, particularly Hypericum, and the wound may be dressed with Oil of Hypericum, known as red oil. If after a wound in the sole of the foot has healed, violent pain is expe- 132 EXTERNAL INJURIES. rienced when walking, we may infer tliat there is still some foreign stib- stance in the foot. Fasten to the sole of the foot a i-ork sole, a thick piece of pasteboard, or a thin board, with a hole cut in it just where it touches the sore part, and let the patient walk on it frequently; at the same time give Silkea, and if no better after a week, Hepar, and after waiting seven days, Siikea again. The extraneous matter will generally soon be brought out. Plantain seeds crushed and applied externally, are said to have the same effect. If you can feel any thing plainly under the skin, let an incision be made to take it out, or let the skin be scraped very thin with a sharp knife. d) Subsequent Treatment and Diet. — Besides stopping the hemorrhage, and cleansing and dressing the wound, its subsequent treatment, as well as the diet of the patient, is a matter of importance. When the wound is large, the patient should keep as quiet as possible; he should neither exert his mind nor his body too much; he should drink plenty of cold water, and avoid every thing stimulating— much salt, spices, smoked food, etc. If the dressing was necessarily put on very tight, loosen it somewhat if it becomes troublesome, the next day. If not too tight, leave it undisturbed for two or three days, if the wound does not suppurate, and always remove it gradually. In removing a piece of sticking plaster, always begin at both ends and proceed to the centre; begin to remove the strips, at one end of the wound, re; ■late tlie strip removed immediately by another, and continue in that manner till finished, in order that it may not open again or be dragged asunder. If possible, leave the dressing until the wound is healed; in sum- mer, however, and when wounds suppurate freely, the dressing should be changed frequently. The threads in the sutures are to remain until they drop off. Cold water is not only serviceable in stopping the bleeding and cleansing the wound, but also in healing it afterwards. Put on a compress of linen, and dip it frequently in cold water — p-irticularly when there is swelling, redness and pain. Or take lint, dip it in water, and cover the wound with it; put over this some oiled silk or gutta-percha tissue, or where these can not be obtained, paper that has been saturated with warm wax, or thick oiled paper may be used, and tie a cloth over it to keep the adjacent parts dry. As the heat abates and tlie wound heals, renew it less frequently, and when the heat is gone, discontinue it altogether. All wounds which suppurate badly, are to lie treated as ulcers — of which more will be said hereafter. Wounds of this kind must not be treated with cold, but with warm water dressings; 20 or 30 drops of tincture of Calendula put into half a cup of water, and the lint soaked with this solution, is best. All lacerated wounds, and others which cannot be accurately united, must be drawn together and treated with cold water, unless they suppurate. To all wounds over a bone, on the liead, the breast-bone, the elbow, finger- joints or the knee, the shin-bone, the ankle, apply nothing but cold water without any tight baudage — unless in the beginning, to stop the bleeding, EXTERNAL INJURIES. 133 yon may make use of pressure; afterwards merely tie something over tlie wound to keep out the air, particles of dust, etc. All otlier applications are injurious, as they produce ulcers, whicli may sometimes eat into the bone. The remedies recommended for fractures, may, likewise, be applied exter- nally in a diluted state. e) Remedies, — By selecting in every case the suitable remedies, the cure will be considerably accelerated. As soon as the patient is at rest, give him one of tlie remedies prescribed for wounds. If, after such a medicine, the fever increases and is attended with dryness of the skin and great restless- ness, give Aconite; but if the restlessness is accompanied by great excite- ment, Coffea; should the patient have lost much blood, give Cinchona; but if no great improvement takes place within six, eight or twelve hours, administer one of tlie following remedies : Apis, if punctured wounds become red, very sensitive to the touch; par- ticularly if the pain is burning, piercing, continuous, and if the redness spreads like erysipela-s. If tlie redness runs down the inside of the arms or legs in interrupted stripes, Ehus is better, and afterwards Arsenicum. Arnica, if the injury has more the nature of a bruise than of an open wound, if the parts affected are brown and blue, or become so; if the wound can be well united ; if it was merely in the skin (remembering that the skin in some places is very thick). Calendula, if the wound is lacerated, if it is a deep gash, whose sides can be but imperfectly united ; if moving causes pain, even after the wound is dressed; if the skin or flesh has come off" in pieces; if the wound looks torn and jagged; it answers for the worst kind of pains when Hypericum is ineffectual. Staphisagria, if the wounds are clean, deep cuts in the flesh made by a sharp knife, or glass, or consequent upon surgical operations. Hypericum is suitable for all wounds either from a thrust, a cut, bruise or tearing asunder; if tlie pain is unusually violent and particularly if it lasts long and is similar to a violent toothache, extending far around the wound and up through the limli. The same is indicated when cliildren have spa.snis after every slight injury. If bones have been injured at the same time, do not forget tlie remedies recommended before. In these aises. Arnica, Calendula and Staphisagria should be administered externally in the following way: — Take a few drops of the tincture, dilute it in ten times tlie quantity of water, and with tliis moisten small pieces of rags and place them on the wound. To persons who have a morbid skin, which is irritated by the slightest injury and suppurates, give Chamomilla; and sliould it do no good, Hepar. Sometimes it is necessary to give Silicea. /) Lock-jaw. — When convulsive symptoms apjiear after an injury, and lock-jaw is to be apprehended, it is always best to send at once for a jiliysi- cian. But, if in this emergency none can be obtained, endeavor to render 134 EXTERNAL INJURIES. assistance as you may be able. If a patient who has been wounded, com- plains of pains in the bowels, without any other cause, lock-jaw is to be feared. Staphisagria or Colocynthis, given according to the symptoms, may prevent it. If the patient complains of much pain in tlie neck, or of ex- cessive stiflhess in the neck and back, especially if this is preceded by a good deal of stretching of all the limbs ; if he complains of cramp, or pain resembling cramp, in the joints of the jaw or in the cheeks near the ears; if he feels a constant inclination to yawn, and yet is unable to open his mouUi sufficiently; if he is fretful, irritable, and difficult to please, give Irjnatia until tliere is improvement. But if, after several doses have been taken, he grows worse, if lock-jaw takes place, if his back is stiff and rigid, give Memirius; if this fails, Belladonna, especially if his face is red ; Acoiiile if it grows pale and red alternately. In some cases, where the sufferer becomes very cold, Bryonia or Veratrum may be effectual; if warmth makes him worse, Secede. A person, not a medical man, will hardly be able to select the proper remedy among all those indicated. It/na(ia is the principal remedy, and must be repeated every few hours, if the patient grows worse whenever he is touched or handled ; if touching causes first more pain, and then makes the patient worse. Cinchona; if a nerve has been injured, or if the trouble has come after a severe fall on the back, Hypericum; if there first appears a redness around the wound, resembling erysipelas, Ruta, Rhus, Hyoscyamus, Stramonium, Camphor, or other medicines, may sometimes be the remedies. In general, it may be said that the choice of the proper medi- cine often depends on the most minute circumstances. (/) Bleeding of the Cams. — Frequently the gums bleed considerably after the extraction of a tooth. The application of vinegar in such cases is always injurious; endeavor to staunch the blood with cold water. Instead of the always injurious styptics and the barbarous re*l-liot iron. Dr. Cartwright has recommended the following excellent plan : — "Insert a pledget of raw cotton, without force, into the cavity ; ajiply a common tour- niquet over the head, place tlie pad on the side of the cheek over the bleed- ing gum, the screw over the pad, and a few turns of the screw, without giv- jingpain are sufficient." Tlie rationale is: what was caused by the lacer- ating pressure from within out, must be overcome by a gentle, opposite pressure from without in. The ingenious inventor therefore says: "The true indication is, to contract the cavity by compressing with the fingers on every side of it, introducing previously a loose pledget of cotton or lint, for the sides of the cavity to contract upon ; and in severe cases to resort to the tourniquet to make the lateral pressure." If there is much pain and swelling, give Arnica; if lever. Aconite, If, in con.sequence of having taken cold, these medicines do not aflbrd any relief, give Rhus or Bryonia. For throbbing pain in tlie bone, whicli is so violent that it can hardly be borne, sometimes attended with fever, Hyoscyamus will be beneficial. If the jaw swells, and a tedious suppuration follows, take Silicea. EXTERNAL INJURIES. 135 h) Large Woundg on the Head. — When tlie bones of the head have been in- jureil, :ipi«;ir nf itself, if plenty of cold water be drunk, and frequent e,xereise in the open air is taken ; both of which are necessary to restore persons who have been severely burned or scalded. If the hands and feet, or the whole body become much swollen, give C'alcarea. Of the api^lication of ointment of lead, or lead-water, I can only assure my readers that it has never done the least good; the horrid suppuration, ulcers, and dreadful scars which it leaves behind, could not be worse if noth- ing were done. To put a stop to the use of these abominable medicines among rational people, it cannot be too often repeated that the application of lead- water to any considerable part of the body (in case of a severe burn) almost inevitably proves fatal. Children who have been thus treated with lead-water, wlien half tlie body has been burned, have died in consequence — not, as is erroneously supposed, of the burns, but of the poison, of which the symptoms furnish incontrovertible evidence. FROST-BITES. Before going out into the cold, if one rubs the face, ears and nose with spirits of camphor, it will serve, in a great measure, to protect these parts from being frost-bitten. If the parts become frozen stifl', apply snow or cold water. Do not rub with snow the solidly frozen parts, for they may be in- jured by rough usage. It is only after they have been thawed that rubbing may be employed. The inflammatory redness following the thawing is best treated with camphor externally applied. Should this not soon relieve, use cantharides in the same way as recommended for burns. If pains in the bones remain after frost-bites, especially burning pains, Ruta helps. When a person has been handling ice and has afterward violent pains in the liands and arms ; if they bum and warmth relieves, give Arsenicum, sometimes Carbo vegetabilis is necessary ; if warmth aggravates, Secalc; if the limb becomes blue and black and swells, Lachesis. After being out in the cold and wet, drink coffee, and cold beer after being in a cold, dry FOREIGN SUBSTANCES, ETC. 139 atmospliere. The conseiiuences of exposure to cold and wet are often lielped bv Bhi.s toiicodendron ; tliose of dry cold by Aconite; Glonoine helps both, especially the headaches. CHAPTER X. FOREIGN SUBSTANCES INTRODUCED INTO THE HUMAN BODY. INTO THE EYE. Washing the eye with water will be beneficial if dust or any insoluble substance has got into it, but will be injurious if the substance is soluble, as the washing will only tend to diffuse it. Rubbing the eye should also be avoided, as it merely increases the irrita- tion. Press gently on the inner corner of the eye towards the nose, at the same time drawing the outer comer downwards. The tears will then wash the foreign substance towards tlie inner corner, from where it may be re- moved. Immersing the eye immediately in a vessel of cold water and hold- ing it there, will frequently remove the cause of irritation and afford relief. Sweet-oil will mitigate the irritation, when acids or caustic salts have caused it; but it is injurious when caused by tlie powder of Spanish-flies, or dead insects. Tlie white of eggs is very good when sharp, dust-like mineral sub- stances, paint, or small pointed particles, get into the eye. For ashes, some kinds of dye-stuffs and perhaps tobacco, cream or sour milk is the best remedy. For lime, the eye should be washed with vinegar and water, or sweet-oil may be freely used. If a hard substance gets into the eye and cannot be removed by the above means, but continues to cause irritation and pain, draw the eyelids apart, while at tlie same time the eye is slowly moved in every direction, and you can ascertain whether there is anything adhering to their inner surface ; then roll up a bit of paper, so as to have a soft point, with this, as with a camel's-hair pencil, you may take away the offending iiarticle. Fine blot- ting paper will answer best for this purpose, as the foreign body will more readily adhere to it. Should it be necessary to push the pointed paper far back under the eyelid, moisten it first with saliva. In order to evert the upper eyelid, seize the eyelashes with finger and thumb of one hand, and press with a pencil or other similar body held in the other hand on the upper part of the lid, directing the patient to look 140 FOREIGN SUBSTANCES, ETC. downwards. The lid is thus easily everted and any extraneous substance adhering to its lining membrane readily detected and removed. Cinders in the Eyes. — A few grains of flaxseed placed in the eye will swell and envelope the cinder in a glutinous substance, and it may be soon washed out. Particles of iron, particularly those projected hot into the eye, when strik- ing fire, or from a smithy, usually adhere very tenaciously ; sometimes you may succeed in extracting them with a lock of hair, introduced under the eyelid, and moved backward and forward, or with a clean ear-pick. A magnet is sometimes of use, and should be tried in case the other means fail. One must remember that often when the foreign body has been removed, the sensation of its being present remains, and lasts for some time ; and also that the sensation of a foreign body in the eye exists without one ever hav- ing been there ; but the feeling is due to inflammation of the eye. Kubbing is injurious at all times; in order to avoid it, put on a linen compress dipped in cold water. Sleep sometimes diminislies the pain. If the eye is red and inflamed after the removal of the foreign body, give Aconite, which is also of service if it cannot be got out, and will diminish the pain until you can procure a surgeon, or till the night is passed, when day-light will enable you to examine more closely. If, after giving Aconite several times, the eye continues sensitive and red, give Sulphur, and in case this does not prove efficacious, Calcarea or Silicea. If the eyelids are spasmodically closed, and will scarcely let tears escape, Belladonna generally relieves ; sometimes it will be necessary to give Hyos- cyamus afterwards. 2. INTO THE EAR. When an insect has found its way into the ear, place the patient upon the opposite side, and pour sweet-oil into the ear, until the insect becomes visi- ble ; tlien take it out with a small roll of paper or a pair of delicate forceps. Extraneous bodies, such as gravel, shot, beads, cherry-stones, pieces of wood, peas, beans, pins, etc., are often put into the ear by children. If attended to before they excite inflammation and swelling, they can generally be removed by very slender forceps or by a hair-pin, the curved end of whicli has been bent so as to form an obtuse angle, like the heel of a spoon, and to which a handle has been made by sticking the points of the pin into a cork. Place yourself behind the ear, draw it upwards and backwards with one hand, and at the same time away from the head, that you may look into it as far as possible; dij) the instrument into sweet-oil, and pressing the bent part against the back part of the internal ear, push it in till it passes behind and aroimd the object; then lift a little, and the end of the pin will take hold i.f it fiom behind, like a spoon, and bring it out. FOREIGN SUBSTANCES, ETC. 141 If you cannot succeed in passing the Iiair-pin behind the object, vou may sometimes be able to remove it by means of a small syringe, with a slender nozzle ; fill it with warm water, pass the point of the nozzle alongside the oljjcct and inject the fluid with moderate force. If with children, particularly if there is a round object in the ear, it is better to push the hair-pin along the back part of the internal ear ; with grown persons it is generally better along the upper surface. When the object is visible it can be seen where best to insert the instrument ; but if not visible carefully feel for it. If anything has been wedged into the ear, it may sometimes be removed by a second liair-pin, prepared as above, in- serted opposite to the firet and both drawn out together. In all the manipu- lations great gentleness and care must be used, lest the object be pushed further into the canal. If pain and inflammation of the ear remain, give Arnica, and after a few liours, Pulsatilla. If the inflammation is already very considerable, and the ear-canal so much swelled that nothing can be got out, Pulsatilla is also of service. In some cases, when the children are in great pain, have much fever, speak incoherently, or are delirious, give, if Pulsatilla does not suffice, Belladonna, and afterwards, if there is still some pain left, Sulphur. 3. INTO THE NOSE. Foreign bodies, if not very firmly fixed, may be removed from the nose by taking a full inspiration, closing the moutli, and expelling the air for- cibly through the nostrils ; or by tickling the nostrils with a feather, or a little dry snuff' to bring on sneezing. Sometimes obstructions may be re- moved from tlie nose with forceps or by the same instrument recommended for the ear, or a similar one, but somewhat longer, or they may be pushed back so as to fall into the mouth. Do not make too many experiments, but rather apply to a surgeon who has the necessary instruments. The swell- ing, which will sometimes prevent the extraction of an object, or which re- mains after it has been extracted, may be considerably lessened by the ad- ministration of Aconite, and later. Arnica; or if tliese do not succeed, by Belladonna or Rhm. For the remaining pain and suppuration, if any exists, give Sulphur. 4- INTO THE THROAT ((ESOPHAGUS). If a foreign substance lodges in the throat, endeavor to make the patient throw it up, by beating him between the shoulders ; let him open his mouth, press down liis tongue with a spoon and look into the throat, in order to ascertain whether there be anything that can be seized and brouglit out with the fingers. Blowing into the ears is said to produce reflex action in the 142 FOREIGN SUBSTANCES, ETC. throat or gullet, and so the foreign object is forced out. See "Larynx or Windpipe." If, after the object has been removed, the sensation as if it were still there remains, particularly after pointed substances, it shows that a wound has been made, and all acrid or highly seasoned things must be avoided in food and drink. If a large piece of food remains fast in the throat on account of its size and liardness, it is advisable to excite vomiting, particularly if upon retch- ing, you perceive the obstruction move upward. Tickling the throat will sometimes effect this, if not, put snuff on the tongue, or give an injection of tobacco. When it can be felt on the outside of the throat, a gentle pressure upward may force it out. At first you ought to endeavor to make the suf- ferer throw up again wliatever has been swallowed, but do not proceed with too much violence. If the substance has already descended so far that it cannot be felt in the throat, and it seems as if it were sticking fast in the chest, it must be forced down into the stomach, particularly if it is soft, smooth and soluble, and is only arrested on account of its size. If the suf- ferer feels that at times it slips down, it should be allciwed to irlide of itself into the stomach, or be assisted by occasionally swallowing; :i little water, provided it is a substance which will not swell; otlurwise a little melted butter or sweet-oil. If the symptoms, however, become too troublesome, endeavor to push it down. For this purpose take a smooth, willow twig or a long piece of whalebone, scraped perfectly smooth, and tie to the end of it a bit of sponge. To be able to fasten it on well, cut a few notches in the stick, and use waxed thread or silk. Bub some sweet-oil on this instru- ment, and introduce it cautiously into the throat, pushing gently against the ' back of the throat. If a contraction of the gullet takes place, which prevents the substance from being moved, or if pains, difficulty of breathing, and other symptoms make their appearance, give Ignatia; and if this fails to relieve, Chmnomilla; then sweet-oil or butter; and after this, try again to push the substance down; if the face is pale, if there is nausea, worse after speaking, give Cocculns; if the face is red and if there is a constant inclination to swallow, Belladonna. Frequently the sensation of something sticking in the throat will remain, although the substance has already descended into the stomach. This, how- ever, is of no consequence, and will disappear of its own accord, or after medicine. You may judge that this is the case when the pain increases no longer, but remains the same, and when no other symptoms appear; also, when soft or fluid things can be swallowed without coming up again, and which, when passing the sore spot, produce some pain, without making it much worse. In such cases give Arnica, and afterwards, if necessar}*, Mer- eurins, or one of the medicines prescribed below. If the patient feels as if a small splinter or fish-bone were in the throat, give Hcpar. But if, on the other hand, there are small particles still remaining in the throat, produc- ing constant irritation, give Silicea. FOREIGN SUBSTANCES, ETC. 143 If a bone remains in tlie throat, which is so large that it cannot go down, extract it in tlie manner recommended below, or let a surgeon be called in. With sharp, pointed articles, such as pieces of glass, fish-bones, small bones, needles, etc., be cautious and use no violence. Frequently swallow- ing a large mouthful of slightly chewed bread, potatoes, figs, dried prunes, etc., will remove them; or if they are small pointed articles, which have pierced the tissues, pills of wax as large as a musket-ball, dipped in honey, those made of wax fresh from the hive, and rolled in honey until they become round and smooth, are to be preferred. Whcu dangerous symptoms, such as violent pain, retching almost to suf- focation, great anguish, fits, etc., occur, hasten to remove the obstruction, or at least to loosen it. A violin string, or a fine wire, bent in the middle so as to form a small loop, will answer this purpose. It must be introduced in such a manner that the ends of the sling or loop are out of the mouth. Push it forward gently until it is below the painful si)Ot, then move it up and down, and twirl it around several times, and draw it up again slowly. In some cases a piece of whalebone, or a small willow twig, as described above, will answer better. This should be introduced with a rotary motion, until the dry sponge is below the object, then give a mouthful of water, and after the sponge has swelled a little, draw it up slowly. A feather tied to a strong thread, may be pushed, quill foremost, down the throat, so that the feathery part when pulled up, may press against the sides, and on being turned several times may loosen and bring up the foreign body. Pins, needles, fish-bones, etc., may sometimes he extracted by tying to a whale- bone or willow twig a number of silk slings, made like those for catching birds, introduced in the manner above described, and turned round several times. A piece of fat meat — bacon — tied to a string, and swallowed, and pulled up again by the string, has also been used successfully. Splinters of glass may be removed from the throat, by taking two or three inches of the upper end of a tallow candle, fastened to a string by the wick, compelling the patient to swallow it and then drawing it up again ; this may be repeated several times if necessary. Fish-hooks, with a part of the line attached to them, have been swallowed and successfully removed by drilling a hole in a leaden bullet, passing the line through it and causing the patient to swallow it. The weight of the bullet disengages the hook, and its point, coming in contact with the lead, will prevent it sticking again in the oesophagus in the act of drawing upon the line, so that both bullet and hook may be drawn out together. In performing operations of this kind, the patient should be seated on a chair, with the head thrown well back, and supported from behind l)y an assistant; then press the tongue down witli the fore-finger of the left hand, and introduce the instrument, jireviously oiled, slowly and carefully, jircsslng against the back part of the throat. By the sudden resistance, or the con- vulsive motion and pain of the sufferer, you may know that the instrument is near the obstruction, or at the painful spot. In pulling it uj), be careful 144 FOREIGN SUBSTANCES, ETC. not to strike against tlie larynx, and lose again what you have brought up. Kather press tlie instrument a little against one side, and bend the head quickly forward, as soon as the end of the instrument reaches the top of the throat. In very dangerous cases, where even the experienced practitioner is un- able to afford relief, the last alternative is to make an incision in the throat, ))y which, sometimes, persons have been saved who were supposed to be suffocated. Of course this must not be attempted, except by the surgeon. The introduction into the stomach of foreign bodies, such as buttons, coins, rings, etc., a matter of a frequent occurrence with ciiildren, and which is generally the source of great deal of uneasiness to the parents, is not usually followed by serious consequences ; as they sooner or later pass off through the bowels without much pain or inconvenience, unless they are too large to do so, in which case they may cause very serious disturbances or deatli itself. Their passage through the bowels may be facilitated by eating plentifully of boiled rice, porridge, or some farinaceous food which will in its passage distend the stomach and intestines and help to carry off the extraneous substance. Eubbing and kneading the abdomen softly, or lying on the belly, frequent exercise, without using violent exertion, may also accelerate this event. A person who is disposed to be costive should take no aperient medicines, which only weaken tlie intestines, but should eat light food, plenty of butter, and have, daily, an injection of water or milk administered. In order to ascertain whether the article swallowed luis been discliarged, the excrement may be allowed to fall into a vessel containing water, and after it has dissolved, should be strained through a sieve or basket; or, if needles have been swallowed, through a coarse cloth. Needles sometimes make quite a different passage for themselves, and come o\it without causing any injury ; if they remain too long, Silicea, to be followed later by Hcpar. If, some time after needles or coins have been swallowed, bad symptoms make their appearance, such as violent pains in a particular part of tlie ab- domen, as if something were wedged there, give Ipecacuanha. If it does good, repeat it as often as the symptoms get worse again ; if not, give Verat- rum or Nux vomica. Should, notwithstanding, more violent symptoms, severe colic and constipation appear, give Opium, frequently rSjieated ; if violent attacks occur, with a throbbing pain in a particular spot, as if suppuration was about to commence, give Lachesis. Sometimes articles which have been swallowed pass through the intestines without any difficulty, and remain in the rectum. The passage from thence will be assisted by injections of linseed-oil, olive-oil, or milk ; or by tlie in- sertion of long, thick strips of bacon into the rectum, one half may be FOREIGN SUBSTANCES, ETC. 145 allowed to hang out, or tliev may be Iield by a thread ; in tliis way tlio liacon protects the anus against the hard substance. In this manner the latter is freciuently extracted witli much facility, particiihnly if somebody assists witli a piece of rounded whalebone or with the handle of a silver spoon. If you cannot succeed with tliis, send for a surgeon, and let him examine the parts ; but have recourse tn no aperients, which may prove dangerous. If the anus close-s convulsively, give lynatia, Belladonna or Lycopodium. Leeclies, inadvertently swallowed, give rise to painful consequences, as burning pain in the stomacli, hiccough, spitting of blood and slow fever, which reduces the patient visibly. These consequences may be prevented or removed by the immediate administration of a quantity of common salt, dissolved in water, and occasionally melted butter. In children, sugar will sometimes relieve the symptoms. For the remaining symptoms, if any, give Arnica, and, some days after, Arsenicum. When other live creatures find their way into the stomach, if insects, let tlie patient swallow some sweet-oil or fresh salted butter ; and if tliat fails to relieve him, a bit of camphor, the size of a pea, ground up with oil. When worms, snakes, frogs, etc., get into the stonuich, let the patient drink sugar-water and eat sugar, imtil it acts as a laxative, or take an emetic of mustard and warm water. The bad effects remaining after the emetic has produced its action, will be obviated by smelling camphor, and giving Ipecacuanha several times, or Nux vomica. 6. INTO THE LARYNX OR WINDPIPE. When a person talks or laughs when swallowing, or breathes in quickly, whilst holding something in his mouth ; or when children, in their play, hold sometliing in their mouth, and it gets into the larynx or windpipe, ("going the wrong way," as the phrase is,) — beating with the flat hand on the back whilst the sufferer liends forward, or blowing snuff up the nose to induce him to -neeze, or tickling the throat with a feather to produce vomit- ing, relieve sometimes, but only in trifling cases ; and it sometimes makes matters worse. Neither too many nor too violent attempts of this kind ought to be made. In the beginning you may cause the head to be bent back as far as possible, or else forward, that the object may be brought up by coughing. Yet not much can be expected from this, if the foreign substance is firmly fixed in the windpipe. You may sometimes ascertain whether there is anything actually in the larynx, by taking hold of the latter and shaking it very gently with your tliumb and forefinger once or twice ; tlie obstruction will rattle, if it is loose or sufficiently large. Some- times the patient will fall asleep, and whilst in that state the extraneous body may be dislodged (the head in this ca.se should not be too high). Some foreign bodies have lieen removed by gently turning the patient upside down; the intruding substance will then sometimes fall out by its own weight. 10 146 FOREIGN SUBSTANCES, ETC. If the danger, however, should continue to increase in spite of these means, and the medicines hereafter recommended, an operation must he performed. Hasten, therefore, to call in the nearest experienced surgeon who knows how to make the incision in the windpipe — tlie only means which can save the patient, and which sometimes succeeds even when he appears already suffocated. This operation, if properly performed, is hy no means so dangerous and difficult as it would appear, for most of those who are operated ujion recover ; and even when the windjjipe has heen severed in an attempt at suicide, the patient is not unfrequently restored. It is, therefore, unwise not to have recourse to this operation, if a skilful surgeon can he procured in time. As the symptoms frequently resemble those of obstruction in the throat, you should always look into the mouth, whilst pressing down the tongue, and try if you can feel anything with your fingers or a spoon ; also try with whale-bone or a willow twig whether you cau feel any substance in the throat.* You may likewise know by the following signs, that there is some- thing in the windpipe : the pain is more towards the front, so that the suf- ferer can point it out with his finger ; when the obstruction is in the throat, the pain is more back or at one side. There is great difficulty in swallowing and breathing in both cases, but when the windpipe is obstructed, the breathing is particularly difficult, the face is bloated and purple, the eyes protrude; the voice is more affected, becomes hoarse, or is lost altogether; the cough is whistling or rattles, and threatens to terminate in suffocation. The symptoms, in some cases, do not at first appear to be of great conse- quence, but they increase gradually, or sometimes they disappear altogether, and return with greater violence. If the foreign substance is not located in, but below the larynx, and res- piration is not impeded by it, the patient may seem to be in good health for days and even for weeks, without experiencing any cough or other sym2> toms. Suddenly, however, he will be taken with violent fits of coughing almost to suffocation, the attacks resembling those of croup. In such cases if Tariar emetic or Silicea do not afford immediate relief, tliere is little hope remaining. Neither will an incision always avail, if between the attacks of coughing, the respiration becomes more and more difficidt and heaving. By this time the lungs have become congested, and the sufferer will often die whether an opening be made in the trachea or not. If the patient improves, Imt is not entirely restored ; if the symptoms re- turn several times ; if there is a rough, hollow cough, particularly at night or after certain motions, a bad odor from the mouth, the breath exhaled from the lungs is very offensive, or a constant cough appears as in consump- tion, give Silicea. It has cured many of tlie worst cases. If tlie symptoms change without Improving, and the cough grows worse towards morning, give Hepar. * See Section 4: "foreign BotUes into Throat." FOREIGN SUBSTANCES, ETC. 147 After having ascertained that the obstruction is in the windpipe, give, at once, Ipecacuanha, repeating the dose if it affords relief, as often as the symp- toms become worse again. Nothing besides tliis but sugar or sugar-water should be given, until medical aid can be procured. Belladonna may also have a good effect. When the patient falls asleep, do not disturb him ; and if the symptoms reappear, do not immediately give a fresh dose, but wait until they are really worse. Sometimes the object is ejected during sleep. If Belladonna does not suffice, or if symptoms remain after the danger is over, you may give Hepar. If, despite of all these remedies, the patient should be in danger of suffocation, give Tartar etiietic; when the patient be- comes purple in the face, Opium. When dust has been inhaled, which catises violent cough, or hairs or feathers have got into the windpipe, Belladonna will be of service; after- wards Hepar. The relief will, however, be but gradual. It is well to give at the same time some sugar or gum Arabic. If anything has got into the throat of a child, and is located in or near the upper part of the larynx, frequent attacks of a suffocating cough will ensue, which Tartar emetic will greatly relieve. If the attacks return con- tinually, or if there is a cough attended with an offensive smell, give Silicea. In almost all instances gradual improvement will thereby be effected, the patient getting rid of the obstruction by coughing, or by swidlowing it. In tedious cases Hepar may be given after Silicea. 7. INTO THE SKIN. When any large substance gets under the skin, proceed as recommended under the head of " Wounds." We shall only mention the best means of removing small, pointed particles, such as thorns, thistle-prickles, chestnut- burs, great numbers of which sometimes stick in the skin. In case they cannot be extracted with a pair of pincers or tweezers, or by some sticky substance applied as a plaster to the skin and taken off, bringing the offend- ing points with it, put oil on the spot, then take a common knife, not too sharp, and scrape the skin slowly, applying the whole blade, as in shaving," and bear on moderately hard. If the thorns have entered obliquely, scrape the skin in such a direction as to press first upon the points. Continue this operation, applying oil constantly, until everything is extracted. The same method may be pursued when splinters of gla.ss get into the skin ; but this is very jjainful, and it is mostly better to let them come out by suppuration, if they cannot be extracted with the forceps, apidying poul- tices to hasten the suppurative process. For tlie inflammation which some- times ensues give Arnica; for the suppuration Hepar, followed, if necessary, by Silicea, and in case the supi)uration should be profuse, and the wound become deep, and neither Silicea nor Hepar bring about improvement, give Lachesis or Mercurius. 148 FOREIGN SUBSTANCES, ETC. When persons have been foolish enough to use blisters or mustard plasters, hoping that these may relieve, particularly if their skin is very sensitive, or if the plasters remain too long, it is necessary to use a remedy. If a fly blister has been used, give Camphor. See "Animal Poisons." For mustard you may apply soapsuds or tincture of stinging nettles, very much diluted with water. The quickest relief will be obtained by excluding the air and taking internally a dilution of stinging nettle tincture. PART SECOND. The Treatment of Diseases. CHAPTER I. AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. Giddiness sometimes arises from causes which medicine may remove; such are: disordered stomach, profuse evacuations, ardent spirits, narcotic medicines, and falls or blows on the head. Sometimes it is connected with other complaints, and can only be removed by attention to the general health of the patient. A person who is subject to giddiness should be moderate in eating and drinking — should rise early, walk frequently in the open air, and use now and then the flesh-brush in the evening. GIDDINESS. VERTIGO. Aconite relieves giddiness with nausea, eructations, vomiting, etc.; later Pulsatilla or Antimonium crud., if there be disordered stomach. Vertigo while eating or after a hearty meal is always an alarming symptom. Temperance in eating and drink- ing and a dose of Arnica in the morning will often re- lieve ; sometimes Nux vomica, Chamomilla, Pulsatilla, Rhus or Coceulus, according to the disposition of the patient, will be beneficial. Abstinence from wine and liquors of all kinds is also requisite. (149) 150 AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. SulpJmr or Calcarea sometimes cures the giddiness, which is a serious symptom, resulting from the sup- pression of old ulcers. Mercurius, if the dizziness appears only in the evening and is accompanied by dimness of sight ; Belladonna, if there is sparkling before the eyes, particularly when mov- ing, increased by stooping; afterwards Calcarea if neces- sary ; Cocculus, for vertigo, which is increased by sitting upright in bed. Phosphonis, if the giddiness is accom- panied by headache and a feeling of pressure on the top of the head. Giddiness from close thinking is relieved by Nux vomica, from looking up, by Pulsatilla, or still oftener by Nux vomica; particularly if the patient becomes unconscious or on lying down in bed, he feels as if he were being turned backward like a wheel ; on moving — better when lying — Cinchona,; on lying down, Rhus; on rising, Chamomilla ; only after stooping, Aconite, and afterwards, Belladonna, or Calcarea; from riding, Ilepar, and afterwards, Silicea; when sitting, Pulsatilla. Giddiness, with partial loss of consciousness, or agita- tion. Belladonna ; so bad as to make the patient apt to fall, or fear that he is going to die, Klnis ; with buzzing in the ears, headache, heat or paleness of the face, dim- ness of the eyes, Pulsatilla; worse M'hen at rest, while standing, sitting, and when first closing the eyes on lying down, darkness before the eyes, with headache, nausea or sneezing. Apis; with weakness in the head. Cinchona; with bleeding of the nose. Sulphur ; with fainting, Chamo- milla, subsecjuently, Hepar. WEAKNESS OF MEMORY. Weakness of memory, from bleeding, purging and other debilitating causes, is removed by Cinchona or Lachesis; in old peojile, who are always chilly, who easily take Al'-FECTIOXS OF THE HEAD. 151 cold, and who always like to stay in the house, Nux onoschata ; if they like to be in the open air, though they take cold every time, Ccpa ; that from blows on the head. Arnica; from sjairituous liquors, iV^!ta;'iw?iica; from fright, anger, vexation, select among the remedies recommended in Part I., Chapter I., particularly Aconite, Stapldsagria and Veratnim; and after taking cold, Rhus, or Carbo vegetahilis; with determination of blood to the head, par- ticularly Aconite and Belladonna; if one cannot fix his thoughts upon one particular thing. Apis; and among the remedies prescribed for these causes, Cinchona, Rhus, Mercurius, or Sidj^Jnu: Benefit will be derived from wasliing the head every evening with cold water, and tying a handkerchief around it ; and every morning washing tlie forehead and eyes in very cold water. A better remedy, perhaps, is, just before going to bed, to place the feet, up to the ankles, in very cold water for one or two minutes, after wliich let them be rubbed well with a coarse towel. DETERMINATION OF BLOOD TO THE HEAD. This is a very troublesome, and when of long continu- ance, a dangerous complaint. If the arteries in the tem- ples can be felt to beat as the pulse beats; the veins of the head and neck are swelled, the head feels full; giddiness takes place frequently, particularly when stooping or when walking in the sun ; if the head above the eyes feels like bursting — worse when stooping and coughing — give Aconite. Short cold foot-baths are also of benefit. At the same time abstain from coffee, wine and ardent spirits, and be moderate in the use of warm drinks — but drink freely of cold water, and wash the neck and head fre- quently with it. If it comes on suddenly, the brain feel- ing as if expanding, becoming larger and larger, with heat and beating in the head, particularly in the temples, extending at every step down to the neck, give Glonoine. 152 AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. If this should not afford relief, and the patient is very- irritable or passionate — has drunk much ardent spirits, or has been much confined, give Niix vomica. Belladonna, if there are severe jerking, burning, shoot- ing pains on one side of the head or violent pressure in the forehead at every step or motion, increased by stoop- ing, or even by noise, or the glare of light. Aconite, if accompanied by sparkling, flickering before the ej'es, seeing double, buzzing in the ears, frequent faint- ing, stupid, heavy sleep ; if children are teething, or when girls have arrived at the age of j^iuberty, or if they have caught cold during menstruation, particularly from wet feet ; Belladonna may be given afterwards. 1. Caused by joy or excitement. — If occasioned by excess of joy, or accompanied by great excitement, give Coffea; after a fright, Opiwm/ after vexation, C/iamomtYfe; after suppressed vexation, Jejnatla; after anger, Nux vomica, as mentioned before, when treating of these causes. When caused by a fall or blow upon the head. Arnica. The bleeding from the nose which is apt to accompany it, should not be interfered with. 2. Caused by debility. — If the determination of blood is caused by great debility, give Cinchona; if it returns each time after taking cold. Dulcamara; if it returns after lifting something heavy, or after work in which the arms are raised and stretched, Rhus ; when at the same time the patient perspires too easily, and too much, 3Icrcurius; if he feels cold, let him smell camphor a few times. If, in spite of all these remedies, it returns, give Sulphur, if the patient has not already had this medicine ; if so, give Hepar, and if this fails, Silicea. If tlie first mentioned medicines do not speedily afTord relief, and there appears to be danger, make a poultice of oatmeal and wrap it quite warm around the feet ; or bathe the feet in very warm water, and repeat it fre- I AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD 153 quently until there is an improvement, or until a feeling of chilliness comes on ; if the bowels are oooatipated, give injectioije of milk-wofm water. HEADACHE In the treatment of this common complaint, we may frequently be guided by the causes which produce the pain, or by the complaints whicli accom- pany it; it is, luiwcver, necessary to (Oatinguish the different kinds of head- ache, as tlie same medicine may prove beneficial or injurious under different circumstances. 1. Headache from determination op blood to the head, or from inflammation, is usually throbbing, and is attended with heat, the arteries in the neck may be seen to beat; if the pain increases, vomiting ensues; the headache becomes worse after shaking or moving the liead, lying down and stooping; sometimes better when standing. Among the domestic remedies, vinegar is the best; place crusts of bread, which have been soaked in vine- gai', on the temples, and give injections of warm water; if this does not afford relief, add some vinegar to the water ; bathe the feet in warm water, and afterwards rub them with flannel. Persons who are liable to this com- plaint should accustom themselves to drink plenty of cold water, and rub the head every morning with a cold, wet cloth, particularly the forehead and temples, and bathe the feet in cold water every evening before going to bed. In such cases it is customary with some physicians to apply ice, some- times in a bladder. As cold water (if necessary, made cold by ice, and applied to the head with pieces of cloth) will afford all the relief that can be expected from cold applications, it is just as absurd to expect more from ice as it would be to attempt to cure a headache which is relieved by press- ure by knocking the patient on the head with a club. No patient ought to allow his physician to do such a thing ; the results are always bad, and sometimes dangerous. Give Glonoiiie when the attack comes suddenly, where the blood is felt rising up into the head, with severe beat- ing pain, as if bruised ; worse when shaking the head ; relieved by cold water applied externally; very rapid pulse, eyes and face red, or the eyes are staring and glassy, the face pale and moist, a buzzing or crackling in the ears. Aconite may be given and the vinegar discontinued, when the pain is very severe, with u burning sensation 154 AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. over the whole head, particularly in the forehead ; the face red and bloated ; the eyes red ; when the pain is ac- companied by incoherent talking or raving. If there should be but little or no improvement, Belladonna may be given. Belladonna is especially indicated when the pain is deeper seated, is oppressive and heavy, and the face pale and haggard, with unconsciousness, incoherent talking, murmuring, drowsiness. ' Pulsatilla is preferable when the pain is dull, oppressive, on one side only, very harassing and weakening; if it commences in the back part of the head or at the root of the nose, and goes back into the head ; is mitigated by pressure ; is worse when sitting, better when walking ; if the head is heavy, the face pale, with dizziness, agitation, inclination to cry. Rhus, when there is burning, throbbing pain, with ful- ness of the head, oppressive weight, crawling, shaking and swashing, as if everything in the head were loose, and particularly when it comes on after meals. If such a headache ihakes its appearance after meals, with great drowsiness, stiffness, and pains in the back of the neck, the speech being thick, or the face distorted, the mouth drawn to one side, the limbs falling asleej), send at once for a physician, and until his arrival give Bella- donna or Nux vomica, according to the indications ; bathe the feet in hot water, and otherwise treat the jDatient as recommended under "Apoplexy." 2. Headache caused by catarrh is mostly in the forehead ; is oppressive, burning, better in the morning, worse in the evening, the eyes being full of tears, with sneezing, dry heat in the nose, frequent chills, sometimes a little cough ; .in this case it is advisable to draw warm salt water into the nose, and drink cold water before going to bed. AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. iOO Aconite should be given for this kind of headache, if it is better in the open air, but worse when talking. Cina, if it is worse in the open air, when reading or thinking, if it presses like a weight, is drawing and tear- ing, the nose commences to run, burns or itches, and is stopped up ; Nux vomica, when the nose discharges freely by day but is stopped up at night; Arsenicram, if there is running from the nose, the discharge being acrid, burn- ing, if it causes hoarseness, restlessness, and is accompa- nied by buzzing in the ears, throbbing in the forehead, nausea, is better out of doors or in a warm room. Cc2]a, if worse at night and in the room, better in the open air, with scintillation before the eyes, fullness and heaviness in the head, particularly in the back of the head. For other remedies, see " Catarrh." 3. Headache from rheumatism. — Rheumatic pains are tearing and drawing, changing their situation fre- quently, going to the neck, ears and temples. The head is sensitive to touch, and hurts on moving it ; the pains are worse in bed, particularly toward midnight; sweating often occurs; small swellings arise here and thei'e; if vomiting happens, the symptoms are ameliorated ; warm footbaths sometimes help ; so does inhaling warm vapor through the nose, also combing the hair. Chamomilla is the best remedy. If this fails to give re- lief, and tlie patient becomes peevish and angry, is very restless, often changing his position, give Nux vomica ; if he is obliged to lie still, groans, or screams, cannot bear light or sound, give Belladonna; or Pulsatilla, if he is chillyj inclined to weep and is sick at the stomach. Ipecacuanha will be of service when the pains are more of a gouty character, (that is, the gnawing and tearing are more intense) and are relieved by heat and vomiting. Ignatia when but little relief is experienced from Ijwcac- uanlia, and particularly when the worst pain is over the 156 AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. nose, or is boring, piercing, tearing, deep in the head, and better when stooping or Ijdng down. Nux vomica when there are shooting pains in the side of the head ; worse in the open air, or when stooping. Colocynthis will sometimes relieve rheumatic pains of the severest kind, after the failure of other remedies, par- ticularly when hard pressure helps; but if relief is not obtained from this medicine, drink some coffee without milk. Sulphur may be used when there is tearing, piercing, beating on one side of the head, particularly if it recurs every week, with vomiting and desire to lie down. For rheumatic gout in the head, when the pains are tearing and beating all over the head, with a sensation as if it were coming apart, with agitation, restlessness, tossing about, nausea, belching and retching. Ipecacuanha, Nux vomica or Bryonia will sometimes afford speedy relief, or Sepia when these are insufficient, particularly when every change of weather brings back the headache; when there is a pressing, burning pain which causes vomiting. 4. Headache from disordered stomach and bowels. — When pro- duced by undigested food, strong cofl'ee witliout milk or sugar is very useful ; but if by a deranged stomach, give the remedies recommended under that head ; if the bowels are constipated, injections of warm water will give relief. Tlie symptoms accompanying this kind of headache arc: a furred tongue, bad taste, entire loss of appetite, nausea or vomiting, coming on at an early stage, and increasing witli the pain. If, on the contrary, the headache is of a neuralgic character, it produces nausea and vomiting at a later and intensely aggravated stage. If headache is the cause of the sickness of the Btomach, give the remedies for headaclie ; but if the disordered stomach is the cause of the headache, give the remedies for disordered stomach. 5. Headache from consttpation with determination of blood to the head is often relieved by Bryonia, Nux vomica or Opium. Nux vomica will be indicated if walking or moving the head makes the brain feel sore, when there is pressure in the temples, and neither sitting up nor lying down gives AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. lo7 relief; the eyes are dull, with inclination to shut them, and nevertheless sleeplessness; the head feels heavy, particularly when moving the eyes; feeling as if it would burst during mental application; worse in the morning, in the open air, or after meals ; and particularly after cof- fee, or when there is a loathing of coffee. Bryonia when tlie head feels as if pressed together from both sides ; and on stooping, as if everything would fall out of the forehead; the nose bleeds, without affording relief; and the eyes water and burn. Opium if the jiain is violent, with a tearing, bursting sensation in the forehead, visible throbbings in the tem- ples, considerable congestion of blood to the head, rest- less look of the eyes, much thirst, dryness of the mouth, sour eructations, inclination to vomit, and even foul and offensive vomiting. Mercurius will frequently suit, after Opium, when the head seems full to bursting, as if tied with a bandage, worse at night, tearing, burning, boring, shooting pain. Pulsatilla when the pains are only on one side, with little determination of blood, with shivering, no thirst; the patient is of a mild and quiet temperament, inclined to weep, and is agitated. Ipecacuanha if nausea begins when the headache does, if every part of the head to the verj' tongue feels as if bruised, if there is vomiting or retching. Vcratrum will be beneficial if continued costiveness occasions a deter- mination of blood to the head, with pains on one side, oppressive throbbing as if the brain were bruised, with sensation as if compressed, which also extends to the throat, or with stomach-ache, with painful stiffness of tlie neck, frequent emission of pale-colored urine, nausea and vomiting. Lycopodium and Sepia should also be thought of 6. Sick Headache. — Sanguinaria will give relief if the 158 AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. pain comes on periodically, or if it begins in the morning and lasts till night, with a fullness of the head, as if it would split, or as if the eyes were pressed outwards; if the pain begins in the back part of the head and finally set- tles over the right eye; or if there is a digging, shooting, stinging, beating pain throughout the head, but more in the forehead and worse on the right side, attended with chills, nausea, vomiting, inclination to lie down, and if the symptoms are made worse by motion. Belladonna is the next best remedy, when the pains are worse on the right side, when the external part of the head is very sensitive, the veins of the head and hands being swollen, — painful sensation as of waves in the head, buz- zing in the ears and dimness of vision. It is likewise beneficial for the worst pains, extending to the eyes and nose, in one side of the head, with a pressing, bursting, waving, splashing sensation, augmented by every motion, by turning the eyes, by a bright light, by every noise, the sound of steps, in fact at every concussion ; when there is a jolting sensation in the head and forehead at every step, or on going up stairs; also when the pain returns every afternoon, and continues till after midnight, aggravated by the warmth of the bed, or on Ij'ing down ; worse when in a draught. Also, in pains which commence very grad- ually, changing to an acute pain, affecting half the head; sometimes piercing momentarily, but so penetrating and severe as to deprive the sufferer of his senses. Aconite is often indicated, but if it does not relieve after several hours give Belladonna, after which wait for some hours, and if the sensation as if water were splashing in the forehead does not gradually subside, give Platinum^ l^articularly if the patient has a feeling of coldness in the ears, the eyes, in one side of the face, and around the mouth, or there is a trembling or flickering before the eyes and things look smaller. Or Merciirius may follow Belladonna if the pain tears down into the teeth and throat, AFFECTIOXS OF THE HEAD. 159 with shooting pain in the left car only, or if it is always excessively violent during the night with night-sweats, which do not relieve. After Mercurius (sometimes, also, after Belladonna), Hepar will occasionally be beneficial where there is a pain as if a nail were driven into the head, violent boring in the head, nocturnal pain as if the fore- head would burst, and if painful lumps appear on the head. Apis is best, if the head feels too full and too large, with heaviness and pressure in it, especially when rising frofla a sitting or lying position, always increased in a large room, and relieved by being squeezed with both hands; also, if the eyes are affected; at night, chilliness from every slight movement, face and hands hot; if accompanied by nettle-rash, with burning, prickling, itching, or if the rash suddenly disappears, or if different parts of the patient's body are very sensitive to the touch. In obstinate cases, when the pain is particularly violent over the right eye, piercing and boring, so that the patient screams, with nausea and vomiting, worse when shaking or moving the head, even when stooping, give Sepia. For the same pain on the left side give Aconite, and if no bet- ter after several hours Sulphur or Silicea. Spigelia is suitable for the worst pains on the left side, if they are attended with an insupportable beating in the temple, and with pain in the whole left side of the head, and sometimes pain in the face and teeth, increasing as the sun mounts in the sky, or augmented by stooping and motion, in the open air, with the greatest sensibility to the least noise, and if attended with a fetid odor from the mouth. In selecting a remedy, the following special indications may be taken as a guide : Belladonna, if the pain is accompanied with great sensi- tiveness to the light. Spigelia, if the pain is accompanied with great sensitive- ness to noise. 160 AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. Sangurnaria, if the pain is accompanied with great sen- sitiveness to the walking of others in the room. Sulphur or Aconite, if the pain is accompanied with great sensitiveness to all kinds of odors. Sepia, if the patient dislikes to be touched, complains of his bed, is very sensitive to and made worse by thunder- storms; cold air, vexations, etc. 7. Nervous Headache. — The head is generally cool, the face pale; in thg beginning the patient sometimes passes colorless urine ; vomiting gives relief; the headache returns frequently on one side only, or is boring, as if produced b)' a nail, in particular spots ; touching the Iiead increases the pain. Lying down quietly in a dark room mitigates the pain during the paroxysms; it may be prevented by frequently washing in cold water, by rubbing and brushing the skin, and by using the medicines indicated below. Drinking cofTee is so injurious in this kind of headache, even if it should give relief during the attack, that the patient must abstain from it entirely. Coffea will give relief in violent, drawing, pressing pains on one side of the head, as if a nail were driven into it; or, as if the brain were shattered, crushed and torn, re- curring on the slightest occasion, after close thinking, vexation, taking cold, eating too much, etc., with a distaste for coffee, sensitiveness to the least noise, even music; the pains appear intolerable, making the patient fretful ; he is almost beside himself, shrieks and cries, tosses about, feels much agitated, dreads the fresh air, and is chilly. This remedy may be repeated frequently, and sometimes it may be followed by Nux vomica or Cinchona, and some- times Ignatia or Pulsatilla. Aconite often proves efficacious when the pains are most violent ; when the patient lies unconscious ; likewise with retching, crying and lamenting, and apprehensive of death; the least noise or motion is intolerable; the pulse very weak and small, stopping at intervals ; particularly when the pain is throbbing, shooting, or like cramp over the nose, aggravated by the conversation of others ; also in headache from cold, with catarrh, buzzing in the ears AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. IGl and pains in the abdomen ; with the disagreeable sensa- tion as if a ball were rising up into the head, producing a sensation as of cool air. Jgnatla will relieve a pressing pain above the nose, which is mitigated by bending forward ; pressing from within outward, twitching and throbbing; tearing in the forehead, as if a nail were driven through the head, piercing, boring deep into the brain; with nausea, darkness before the eyes, aversion to light, pale face, profuse colorless urine; the pains often cease for a time when the position is changed, and frec^uently returns after meals, at night after lying down, in the morning after getting up; the patient being very nervous, fickle-minded, taciturn and dejected. According to Goullou, if in delicate females the headache causes twitching. Veratruni is frequently of use in nervous headache; when there is painful sensitiveness of the scalp: when accompanied by diarrhoea, and the pains are so severe that tlie patient almost loses his reason, becomes very weak and faint, is M'orse on getting up after lying down, .with cold perspiration, chills and thirst. For other symp- toms see Veratrum under " Headache from Constipation." Pulsatilla will remove the tearing pains which grow worse in the evening, or are throbbing and tingling, after rising in tlie morning, and in the evening after lying down; with jerking, shooting, tearing in the temples, par- ticularly when the pain is confined to one side of the head, and is accompanied by frequent giddiness, sickness of the stomach, heaviness of the head, dimness of sight, aversion to light; buzzing in the ears, or shooting, jerk- ing and tearing; pale, distressed countenance, no a2>pe- tite, no thirst; chilliness and agitation, with occasional bleeding of the nose, and j^alpitation of the heart; when all the symptoms are worse when at rest or sitting, and become better in the fresh air; when the headache is re- lieved by pressure or a tight bandage. It answers best with mild, good naturcd jiersons. 11 1G2 AFFECTIOXS OF THE HEAD. . Bryonia is good for burning and oppressive pains in the head, or when, while stooping, it seems as if everything would fall out of the forehead; worse when walking; or more external tearing, extending to face and temples, or pressing, boring, tearing in small spots, especially in per- sons suffering from rheumatism, and of a petulant, pas- sionate temper. Rhus will frequently be found of service after Bryonia. Nux moschata, if the brain feels loose and wabbling when shaking the head; worse after every meal, particularly after breakfast; with sleepiness; if one cannot bear any pressure on the temples, not even Ipng on them; if the pain goes from right to left; if better from warmth ; worse from cold, particularly from wet cold weather; and for sensitive, inconstant people. Nux vomica, as before mentioned, is suitable for head- ache from constipation and from coffee drinking; also when the pain resembles the piercing of a nail, or stitch- ing jerks, with nausea and sour vomiting; when there is a shooting and oppressive sensation on one side, begin- ning early in the morning, and growing worse and worse,- until the patient seems to be unconscious or half crazy; when the brain feels as if rent asunder, and the face becomes pale and distorted, the head heavy, with a buzz- ing noise and giddiness or trembling when walking; worse when moving even the eyes, in the open air, early in the morning, after meals, or when stooping; also when the head is externally painful, and worse in cold weather. ChamomiUa relieves pains in the head which are caused by a cold, or by drinking coffee, when there is a rending or drawing pain on one side, extending to the jaw; acute, shooting pains in the temples, heaviness over the nose, or very troublesome throbbing ; particularly when one cheek is red and the other pale, or the whole face turgid ; when the eyes are painful, attended by a sore throat or cold on the lungs, or a bitter, offensive taste. It is useful for chil- AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. 1G3 dren, and for persons unable to bear the least pain, and quite unmanageable. Cinchona is most suitable for sensitive persons, and ■when the pain is oppressive, and prevents them from sleeping at night, or \vhen there is tearing in the temples, as if the head were bursting ; boring in the top of the head whilst the brain feels as if bruised; jerking, tearing, rolling and bursting; worse when stepping, at every motion, and on opening the ej^es ; relieved by lying down and being quiet; the skin is tender to the touch. For discontented persons; stubborn, disobedient children, who are fond of dainties, and have a pale complexion ; face red and hot only at times, when they become very talkative, or are restless the whole night. It often suits after Coffea. Antimonium crudum may be given for nervous headache resulting from a disorded stomach or a cold, or when an eruption has been driven in, and pains ensue; particu- larly when they are in the bones; for dull boring pains in the temples and forehead, also rending and tearing; the pains are relieved in the open air, aggravated on going up stairs. It answers well after Pulsatilla, when the disorder of the stomach is obstinate, or when the headache causes the hair to fall out. Colocyntlds is efficacious in the most excruciating head- ache, furiously tearing or when the pain is on one side, tearing, oppressive, squeezing, pressing in the forehead,- aggravated by stooping and lying on the back ; in attacks coming every afternoon or towards evening, on the left side, with gi'eat restlessness and agitation; particularly when the perspiration smells like urine, with small or offensive discharges of urine; while during the pain, the discharge of urine is considerable and very clear. Capsicum, for throbbing headache, or that which is dis- tending, bursting, pressing outwards, worse when walking or moving; tingling, tearing when at rest; M'hen moving 164 AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. the head or eyes and stooi)ing aggravate it, also worse in the open air and in tlie cold; with jjhlegmatic sluggish persons, who easily take offence, or with children who are very refractory, clumsy and awkward; particularly such as are afraid of the air and of exercise, and are chilly, especially after drinking. When the above medicines do not aflbrd relief, try the following : — Sulphur for throbbing, gurgitating, tearing jjaius, with heat, principally in the morning and evening; with nausea, worse in the open air, better within doors ; tearing, with a stunning sensation and pressure ; it returns weekly ; loss of hair after suppressed cutaneous eruptions, ulcers, or perspiration. Arsenicum for the same kind of pains, if worse within doors and better in the open air. Silicea also, for beating, llirobbing pains, with lient and determination of blood to the head; when caused by exertion, s]ieaking or stooping, with nightly pains from the neck to the top of the head ; for tearing pain every forenoon; when everything lias a tendency towards the forehead and eyes; when swellings appear on the head, the hair falls out, the skin is very sen- sitive, the pain extending to the nose or face, with perspiration of the head. Calcarea, according to GouUon, for children or young people who have vertigo, which is worse when stooping, and it becomes dark before the eyes; particularly if Belladonna has been insufficient. Sepia for piercing, boring or throbbing headache, chiefly about the tem- ples, or under one frontal protuberance, which pains at tlie slightest touch, compelling tlie patient to scream ; nausea and vomiting, worse from the slightest motion, better when keeping very still ; in the dark, with closed eyes, desire to sleep, which soon follows, and after sleeping for some time the headache ceases. Violent headache, with great weakness, indifference and despondency often indicates the approach of a dangerous disease wliich may be pre- vented either by Verairum, Arsenicum, Phosphoric acid or Arnica. 9. Headache CArsED by sdppbession of kheumatism, gout, erup- tions, ETC. AVhen rheumatism, gout, erysipelas, eruptions or ulcers have lieen suppressed, a dangerous headache sometimes follows, which ought not to be neglected. Give remedies recommended in these complaints; and examine, at the same time, what has been said in the preceding pages rela- tive to medicines for headache. If, in consequence of the suppression of the eruption in scarlet fever, ery- sipelas, measles, etc., pains in the head ensue, which very soon make the patient unconscious, or if these symptoms occur in fever attendant on a cold in the head, when the discharge from the nose has been suppressed, or from diflicult dentitiou in 'jhildren — there is no time to be lost. AFFECTIONS OF THE HEAD. 1(15 For this condition give Cuprum metallieuni. In any such case, however, procure a homoeopathic practitioner, if possible. Pain seated deeply in the sockets of the eyes and acute shooting pain through the brain, accompanied by weak- ness of the eyes, are symptoms of approaching blindness. If neither Belladonna nor Sulphur give relief, apply with- out delay to a homoeopathic physician. When a pain always re-appears in the same spot, deep in the brain, and there is on the other side of the body paralysis, crawling, jerking, or similar symptoms, it can scarcely be cured — but apply to a physician. When aged persons Iiave continual headache, and at the same time pass but little urine, which is tliick, turViid and offensive, it forbodes no good. They must drink freely of water, rub the skin well with a wet towel, and apply to a physician. For scald head, eruptions in tlie face, etc., see "Eruptions." FALLING OUT OF THE HAIR. Loss of hair, which is immediately replaced by a new growth, requires no other remedy than frequent washing, brushing, and combing ; but if it becomes tliinner have it cut a little once a month. Washing the head fre- quently in cold water, particularly in the evening, and afterwards binding a handkerchief around the head, will be of service when the hair is getting tliin. If the hair is too dry, oil, grease, ointment and pomatum are injuri- ous ; boil wheat bran, strain it, and wash the head once a week with the decoction. A thin lye made from the ashes of beech wood, is efficacious in some in- stances wliere the hair is dry, or where there is dandruff either loose or ad- hering very closely. It may be used by dipping a fine tooth-comb or a sponge into it, cleansing the head afterwards witli cold water. When the hair splits, it may be advisable to use a little grease or oil — bear's grease is best — and to trim the ends every other day as long as the moon is increas- ing. When single bald spots appear it may at times be serviceable to shave them and part of the surrounding hair; if this does not succeed after a fortnight's trial, rub the spot once a week with a sliced onion in the eve- ning, or with the pomatum mentioned below. When persons become bald after severe illness, washing the head morning and evening with pure spring water is very serviceable. If the baldness is hereditary, all attempts at preserving the hair are often useless. AVhen baldness appears in early life, the following iwmatum is very use- 166 DISEASES OF THE EYES. ful: melt the marrow out of beef lioncsW the fire, put a single drop of tinct- ure of cantharides into a saucer, stirring and beating up all the time; with this mixture rub the bald spots once every third or fourth evening. If the hair falls out from debilitating causes, give Cinchona, and after- wards Ferrum. Also, for clammy sweat of the scalp. Cinchona is sometimes of service. If the hair falls out in consequence of profuse perspiration, ifcrcurius may be given. After the use of quinine or bark, give Belladorma; after mercury, Separ or Carbo vegetabilis; after much grief and trouble, Staphisagria or Phosphoric cu;id. After inflammatory diseases and nervous fevers, Hepar, Silieea or Lyco- podiuvi; in chronic headache of a hysterical or g-outy kind, witli great sen- sitiveness of the scalp, Hcpar or Lachesis ; in frequent headache arising from chronic disorders of the bowels, Lycopodium, which is also beneficial when the headache is attended with itching, and where there is nnich dandrutt If all these remedies fail to prevent the loss of hair, take one drop of laurel oil, or oil of bitter almonds, and mix it gradually with two table- spoonfuls of beef's miOirow, melted over the fire, or still better with oU of sweet almonds. Of this pomatum take very little on your fingers and pass them through the hair. Women are liable to lose their hair either from keeping it untied at night, or from tying it too tightly. CHAPTER II. DISEASES OF THE EYES. GENERAL REMARKS. All kinds of eye-water, s.ilves and ointments injure the eyes ; almost all of them contain more or less strong poison, and if they accideutly cure one disease, in most cases a new and worse complaint makes its appearance, sooner or later. Those who value their eyes ought to shun these poisonous and utterly useless things; remedies taken internally will generally eflect a cure — particularly when the eyes have not been injured by quackery. The most common of these remedies, lead-water, as all experienced ocu- lists know, produces white spots on the eyes, which it is almost impossible to remove. Pure cold water, as ■in external remedy, is the only wholesome eye-water; it does good in many cases when the eyes are painful, red, and burning, when there is cough or cold in the head ; also in chronic affections of the DISEASES OF THE EYES. 1G7 eyes, with great aversion to light — growing worse on tlie slightest exposure — particularly to cold winds, or in cold wet weather. It may be used by washing tJie eyes frequently, or in acute inflammations Tjy applying cloths which have Ijeen wet with it and clianging them before they can get warm ; the alternating «ild and warmth which occurs when the applications are not renewed often, are worse than wlien no cold is used at all. In all cases wlien the patient; caimot bear cold water, or when it proves useless, and when not merely burning, and a sensation as if there was sand in the eyes, accomijanied by intolerance of light, are present ; but when there are also violent pains and a discharge of acrid tears, lukewarm water will be prefer- able, applied either on a linen rag or by means of bread which has been soaked in it, renewing the application whenever the pain increases. When the eyes are very drv, and the eyelids close spsismodically, fresh olive oil is very useful. As a rule, it is injurious to use grease or salves of any kind as they become rancid and acrid. Wlien erysi])elas afiects the eyes, which may be known by the redness which spreads far around them, nothing wet should be applied, but instead, warm bags, filled with bran or cotton wool. If caused by poisoning by su- mach nothing must be applied externally ; give the remedies internally prescriljcd for the poisoning. When a salve is insisted upon, take the white of a fresh egg, beat it with a teasixjonful of the finest loaf sugar and a little camphor to a froth, and put it on tlie eye, or else pure vaseline can be used. The most rapid cure, how- ever, can he eflected by the following remedies, dispensing with the salves. INFLAMMATION AND SWELLING OF THE EYELIDS. The eyelids are sometimes red, inflamed and swelled, when the ej-e-balls are not affected. For red, hard swelhng, with burning heat and dryness, give Aconite; if the eye- hds are pah', or yellowish-red, swelled, shining as if trans- parent, burning, with tension, and copious secretion from the eyes and nose, and there is much heat and restlessness, Aconite is also the first medicine: if not completely cured in a couple of days, give Apis, which is particularly suit- able for every watery swelling, like erysipelas, around the eyes ; eyelids swollen and sticking together ; with a feel- ing of much matter in the eyes ; much itching, and feel- ing as if chapped, burning and piercing pain, which is re- lieved by the application of cold water; in case the pressing pain remains, or the lids feel sore and as if bruised, Hepar. 168 DISEASES OF THE EYES. When the swelling is great, and the lids are much in- flamed and cpntinue red and hot, there is violent burn- ing, and mucus and pus exude, Sulphur is preferable to Hepar, particularly if the eyelids are contracted in the morning and the patient cannot endure the light. If no immediate improvement takes place, repeat the Aconite, which will then have more effect. If Hepar has been given without producing any result, particularly when the eyelids burn and itch, and are swelled and red — when they stick together and bleed when opened — when the edges are everted or the lids feels heavy and as if 23aralysed, give Belladonna. When the eyelids are inflamed inside, red and painful, burning violently, and the eyes can scarcely be opened, give Arsenicum, but if they seem to be forcibly closed, are swelled, difficult to open, and the pain is more cutting, with the edges ulcerated and scabs on the outside, give Mercurius; and should it not produce a favorable change, Hq)ar. Graphites should be given when there exists together with the soreness of the lids a moist eruption on the face or behind the ears ; the corners of the eyelids crack and bleed when they are opened; and edges of the lids are covered with scabs or scales, or are ulcerated. Rhus is particularly efficacious in inflammation of the inner surface of the eyelids — which occurs in infants, and in older children — when the eyelids are closed as if by spasm, and when forced asunder, a thick, red swelling appears, and a secretion of mucus of a yellow color, or of pus, is discharged. Euphrasia is beneficial in the ordinary cases of chronic inflammation of the eyelids, which itch in the daytime and stick together at night, are red and somewhat swelled, the edges ulcerated, exuding moisture or pus, with wink- ing, dread of light, constant coryza, accompanied some- times by a severe headache and by heat in the head. DISEASES OF THE EYES. 169 Nux vomica when the edges of the lids burn and itch, feeling very sore when touched, and adhere towards morn- ing. Nux vomica may be used with advantage after Eu- phrasia, and Pulsatilla after Nux vomica. Mcrcurim should be given when the lids turn outwards, and there is pricking, burning and itching, or when there is no f)ain. It may be followed, if necessary, by Hepar or Belladonna. If these remedies fail, and the lids are quite red, with some mucus in the corners of the eyes, the eyes sensitive to the light, and a pricking pain in them, give Antimonium crud. When the lids burn and smart, particularly when reading, and Sulphur affords partial relief, let Calcarea be taken ; when there is a sense of crawling on the inside of the lids, increased in the evening with flow of tears, C«it7iona. If the wings of the nose are harder than usual, give Thuya. For biting, itching and stiffness in the lids, as if para- -lyzed, give Rhus; or for spasmodic contraction and closing, Htjoscyamus; when the upper lids feel as heavy as lead, .give Chamomilla; if there is considerable dryness, also flow of tears, with difficulty in moving the lids and heat, give Vcratrum. In all cases the edges of the eyelids should be carefully examined to see whether the itching does not proceed from small red maggots or flat brown lice, which in that case will also be found in the eyebrows. These must be picked off with delicate tweezers or a needle and the eyelid rubbed with sweet oil and alcohol. If the formation of scabs on the edges of the litis is considerable, a small quantity of cosmoline may be rubbed very carefully each night along the line of the eyelashes, and care should be taken in the morning to wash the edges so well with warm water that all the scabs may be removed. STYES ON THE EYELIDS. Styes on the eyelids may generally be cured l)y PulmtiUa, and often disappear soon after taking it. If niueli in- 170 DISEASES OF THE EYES. flamed and painful, Hepar, afterwards Silicea, and repeat this as soon as there is the slightest sign of its appearing again. Cold water is injurious ; a warm poultice of bread and milk left on during the night is better. If tliey ap- pear often, or leave hard lumps behind, or do not open, but become indurated, particularly when the eyes are apt to glue together, with biting and burning in the corners, where a dry secretion forms constantly, give jS'tap/u'sa^'ria; should induration remain, give, after a week or two, C'al- carea or Sepia. Thuya will also cure obstinate indurations in the eye- lid, particularly if the corners are hot and dry, or there is a great flow of tears, when in the open air. INFLAMMATION OF THE EYES. In inflammation of the eyes, or sore eyes, when not only the lid but the eye itself is affected, or the latter alone. Aconite is generally the best remedy, particularly when the comjilaint comes on suddenly, and increases rapidly — when the wliole eyeball is red, or full of red vessels, weeps much, and is very painful; if the eyes feel dry or the pain is violent. Apis, if there is jerking and twitching in the eye-balls, particularly in the left one, worse at night. Also for in- flammation of the eyes, with a piercing and boring pain in the head that shoots towards the eyes ; with great dread of light, or vanishing of sight ai^d whirling before the eyes when they are at all strained ; with pricking, boring, stitching pains in the weeping, red eyes; the lids, particu- larly the upper, are swollen and dropsical. - Nux vomica, when the corners of the lids are more red than the eyes, or the latter are bloodshot and smart as if there was salt in them— when they burn, with a feeling as if there were sand in them, and there is increased flow of tears — the patient cannot bear the daylight, particularly DISEASES OF THE EYES. 171 in the morning; these symptoms are usually combined with fever, which is worse in the morning and evening. Chamomilla, particularly for children, when there is pricking, pressing, burning in the eyes, as if heat were radiating from them ; they are swelled and closed in the morning, or very dry, the patient being much irritated by the pain. Belladonna, when the white of the eye is quite red, or large red blood-vessels can be seen; much heat, a dis- charge of sharp, burning tears, or when the eyes are quite dry and much affected by the light — when the pains are paroxysmal or deep-seated, accompanied by a catarrh so severe as to make the nose sore ; pimples about the nose and mouth, face red, a short, dry, asthmatic and spas- modic cough, coming on in paroxysms which last for some time. Argentum nitricum, especially indicated when the dis- charge from the eyes is thick like cream and quite pro- fuse. Should this remedy not prove sufficient, Pulsatilla must be given afterward, or it may be given when the discharge is bland, whitish and quite profuse, with much lachrymation by day, and particularly if the patient is of the female sex. 3I(rcurius is useful when the flow of tears is profuse, burning and excoriating, and the matter discharged is thin and acrid, making the lids and cheeks red and sore. The pains in and about the eyes are worse at night, and the glare of a fire or of the lamplight is very distressing. Sulphur is often called for : the patients are feverish and restless at night, and there are frequently sharp, darting pains like pins piercing the eye. It is well many times when the .apparently indicated medicine does no good, to give a few doses of Sulphur, and then return to the former remedy. Euphrasia, when there is a feeling of pressure in the eyes; increased secretion of mucus and acrid tears; M'hen 172 DISEASES OF THE EYES. the lids are contracted, and the oye is very red; accom- panied with bad headache and bland catarrli in the even- ing. Also when there is more pain than redness, partic- ularly a pressing pain, dread of all light. Cepa if there is much flow of bland tears; redness, itching, pricking, burning, biting in the eyes; itching heat and swelling around the eyes, with acrid discharge from the nose, and headache. If Nux vomica has not been given before, it is often in- dicated after other remedies, particularly if great sensi- tiveness remains. When there is much discharge from the eyes, particularly with infants, they must be washed with tepid water very frequently, and unless all the discharge is in this way removed, a small syringe may be used to inject water gently between the partly opened lids. The precaution should always be most carefully observed, that patients suffering from sore eyes do not use tlie same towels that others employ, for frequently the disease is contagious. EYES AFFECTED BY SCROFULA (SCROFULOUS OPHTHALMIA). Many complaints of the eyes arise from scrofula, which may be distin- guished by the symptoms enumerated under the medicines mentioned below ; we meet with them in children who sufl'er from this complaint, or in grown persons who have suffered with scrofula in their childhood. When this disease has once weakened the eyes, they are lialjle to relapses from cold and other causes, and cloudiness of the eye and ulcers on the ball of the eye are much more frequent. Pulsatilla often suits in the beginning, when the mar- gins of the eyelids become red, burn, and a secretion of pus causes them to adhere; when there is a profuse flow of tears, which are so acrid as to make the cheeks sore, or a watery swelling appears; when the eyes cannot bear the light. If it gives relief, but does not effect a complete cure, give Fcrrum. Belladonna if there is a sensation of severe pressure in DISEASES OF THE EYES. 173 the eyes, which is worse when they are turned upward; M-hen many red vessels can be seen, and pustules and ulcers appear on the eye-ball (the cornea) ; when catarrh and other symptoms already mentioned under Belladonna accompany the disease, and it arises from a cold, or from dam}} wind or from wet cold weather. Mcrcvrius for children who have not yet taken any mercury; when the pains are cutting, particularly on straining the eyes, worse in the evening and in the warm bed; from heat or extreme cold; burning and biting in the open air, the eyes full of tears, light insuflerable, pai'- ticularly lump-light or the glare of the fire ; the cornea clouded; or small pustules or ulcers make their apjiear- ance on the cornea, and return with every fresh cold ; it will often be of service after Belladonna. Hepur maj' be given after Belladonna or Meirurius, or to children who have taken much calomel, when the eye- lids and eyes are red and sore, and pain as if bruised on being touched, close spasmodically, can scarcely be opened ; the light is insufferable in the evening ; the eyes appear at times quite dull, at other times bright and clear ; there is a feeling of pressure in the eye as if it would come out; and also when small pustules or spots appear on the cor- nea and little pimples externally around the eye. It is especially indicated when the eyes are always worse in dry cold weather, and feel better when covered up warmly. Sidphur should be given instead oi Ilepar, when Bella- donna or Mercurius have previously been given ; but not after Ilepar; in cases where the eyelids are almost closed in the morning, and the daylight is particularly painful to the patient, or he is quite blind during the day, and can only see a little during twilight; when there seems to be a mist before the ej'es, the cornea is dim, ajipearing as if dusty; or when the eyelids are particularly affected, as noticed before. Also, when the white of the eye appears very red and there are little blisters on it ; when there is 174 DISEASES OF THE EYES. increased flow of tears and aversion to light, severe press- ure in the eye-ball, aggravated in the light of the sun. Euphrasia is called for when the flow of tears is great and acrid, and the discharge of pus and mucus from the eyes makes the eyelids sore and the cheeks to look as if varnished. Graphites is a very important remedy; for its indications see symptoms under " Inflammation of the Eyelids." Rhus toz. may be given where the cornea has little ulcers on it, with great fear of the light; the ej^e is very red, and the lids swollen and closed, and when they are forced open a gush of tears follows. Calcarca is applicable when ulcers and films make their appearance on the cornea, accompanied by violent pressure, itching and pricking ; or burning and cutting when read- ing in the evening; when there is a dimness and haziness before the eyes, particularly after eating, or when reading, sewing, etc.; also when there is a feeling of inward cold- ness in the eyes, or when the nose is swollen and scabby and the child picks it a great deal. Arsenicum is sometimes of use when the jiains are of a burning character, as if produced by red-hot coals, and when spots have already made their appearance on the eye. In affections of this kind the medicines before recom- mended in "Inflammation of the Eyes" are suitable rem- edies. ^ Very severe diseases of the eyes are caused by the suppression of cutaneous eruptions, ulcers, or other diseases ; in such cases apply to a homoeopathic practitioner. If they are consequent upon small-pox, measles, scarlet fever, see what is said under these different heads. For sore eyes of new-born children, see "Diseases of Children." Spots or films on the eyes should never be treated with corrosive remedies. Rather give the eye rest, and if you cannot consult a physician, carefully select from among the medicines mentioned above ; especially useful are Euphrasia, Apis and Fulsalilla ; Belladonna may be given, afterward Hepar or Sulphur, and then Calcarca, L;/copodium and Silicea. He who is not patient enough to try these remedies may use genuine pure nut oil, obtained liy pressure and moderate heat from walnuts that are DISEASES OF THE EYES. 175 not a Tear old ; introduce one drop of it into the eve every evening. To wliite spots wliich are very thick, apply finely powdered table salt, with a hair-pencil. For tlie whitish or gray spots on the cornea, due to idcers — for serious opacities of the cornea interfering very much with vision, a homoeopathic practitioner should be consulted. DEFECTS OF VISION, WITH REMARKS ON THE SELECTION AND USE OF SPECTACLES. The most frequent defects of vision are near-sightedness (myopia), old- jightedness (presbyopia) and long-sightedness (hypermetropia). ^Nearsightedness depends on a malformation of the eye, in whicli the eye- ball is too long from before backward. This condition is sometimes in- herited, but as a rule is due to using the eyes a great deal at close work, in an improper position and with poor light. Careful examinations of the eyes of a very large number of school children, from the primary schools on through tlie higher schools, and of young men in college, have shown that myopia existed in a large percentage of the cases, and always in an in- creasing degree as the higher grades of schools were reached, until, finally, of the students of a university, about two-thirds were found near-sighted. This condition of tlie eyes is remedied by concave glasses, and when proper glasses are worn the near-siglitedness is prevented, in a large meas- ure, from increasing, and consequently myopic children cannot put on glasses at too early an age. In selecting glasses for near-siglitedness or for any other defect of vision, it must not be thought sufficient to go to an optician or to buy a pair of glasses of some peddhar that improve vision more or less. This practice cannot be too severely condemned. Many persons suffer from ruined or much injured eyes by so doing. A competent oculist should always be consulted. lie, with his test glasses, will find out exactly the glasses needed and write a prescription for them ; then you can get from the optician the gl-asses wliicli are ordered. Old-sii/ldcdness is constant, to a greater or lesser extent, in all people as they advance toward middle life, and it increases, to a marked degree, as age increases. This defect is due to the change in the crystalline lens of the eye, which has its origin in causes due to the period of life. One finds ordinarily tliat at 40 or 45 years of age the newspaper is read in the even- ing with less ease than formerly, the print must be lield further off than before, and books printed with fine type liave to be discarded entirely. Most persons dislike to acknowledge tliat their sight is aflected by ad- vancing years, and so many put off wearing glasses at the cost of their per- sonal comfort; but whenever the eyes begin to show signs of presbyopia, ghisses should be i)rocured at once. In this case, too, an oculist should be visited, so that the proper strength of glass may be procured. 176 DISEASES OF THE EYES. A long or over-sighted eye is one tliat is too sliort from before backward, and when this state exists it is a defect with wliicli tlie person has been born. Still, it is often not noticed until mature growth is attained, because the accomodative or adjustive power within the eye is so strong in early- life that a considerable degree of hypermetropia can be overcome by this means; but sooner or later this adjustive power will fail to longer compen- sate for the malformation, and then symptoms of what is commonly called weak sight will appear. Usually distant objects will be seen with wonted clearness, but when reading, writing, sewing, or any work demanding con- stant tension of the eyes, has been persisted in for a length of time, the letters begin to run together or objects to blur, the eyes pain and water, headache frequently occurs, and these symptoms become so painful, and vision so signally fails, that whatever work one is at must be desisted from. After resting the eyes for some time work may be resumed, but pretty soon the accomodative apparatus tires and the same symptoms reappear. Nothing will relieve the morbid conditions depending on this cause except convex glasses of the proper strength. Eyes often become crossed in this form of defect, and at a stage when the squint is not constant, tlie deformity can usually be cured by glasses. Sometimes the symptoms of weak sight are not due to hypermetropia, but to a weakness of tlie muscle, which turns tlie eye toward the nose. In this latter case prismatic glasses may be required. There is another defect of vision which is nqt very uncommon, and which consists in a variation in the curvature of the cornea in its difi'erent merid- ians. A person having such eyes will, perhaps, see vertical lines with more distinctness than horizontal ones, or the opposite. Such eyes must have a peculiar kind of glass, whicli no one but a skilled oculist can pre- scribe. At the risk of wearying the reader, we wish to repeat again the caution: do not select a pair of glasses for yourself, nor allow anyone else to who is not a competent oculist. Spectacle dealers do not understand se- lecting glasses, and they do much harm in attempting to select them. To protect the eyes from the glare of the light wlien walking in the bright sunshine, over snow-covered regions, or when working near the fire, specta- cles made of a light blue glass, colored by cobalt, should be worn; the color ought to be of such a shade that briglit sunlight, when falling through the glass, appears snow-white, without blinding tlie eyes. Glasses of the color commonly known by the name of "London smoke," are injurious, they ought not to be used ; tlie same may be said of green glasses. Spectacles ought to have as light frames as possible ; and for children, and those who wear them constantly, should have the ends of the side pieces bent downward in such a manner as to partly encircle the ears. The larger the glasses are, the better ; they should be perfectly clear and transparent, without a red or green shade, and free from flaws ; they should be well and uniformly ground ; they should always fit the eyes so accurately that tlie cen- tre of each glass may be opposite the pupil of the eye. When one must use DISEASES OF THE EYES. 177 glasses constantly, it is better to wear spectacles than eye-glasses. These latter are not apt to keep their position well, and ought to be used alone by those who only now and then need the aid of glasses. Tlie glasses should always be kept clear and briglit, should never be touclied with the bare finger, but frequently wiped with soft buckskin. When tlie glasses get scratched, they should be replaced by new ones. It may be well to s.iy, in a general way, in regard to the care of tlie eyes, that one should always endeavor to have a good light in reading, writing, engraving, or at any sort of close work, and that the light should come from tlie side or else from over the shoulder. The eyes ought, at intervals of half an hour or less, be rested for a few minutes. No one should read while riding in the cars, unless the motion is e-ftremely steady, for the con- stant movement of tlie book or paper requires incessant changes in the accommodation of the eyes, as the printed page approaches or recedes from the eyes, and soon tliey become wearied and injury is apt to result. It is unwise to read wliile lying, and especially when ill, for the eyes are at such a time weaker than usual and can easily be strained. ATTACKS OF BLINDNESS. Aconite will sometimes benefit sudden, temporary attacks of blindness ; Mercurius, attacks which return frequently, but if the patient has taken much calomel, Silicea should be given instead. Belladonna is efficacious in night blindness, when the patient can see nothing after twilight, particularly if something red or fiery appears before the eyes, or a colored circle around the candle. Lijcopodium has cured many cases of night blindness, particularly when there were at the same time black spots floating before the eyes. Veratrum is also indicated when black spots or sparks appear before the eyes; if this is not efficacious, give Hyoscyamm. Sulpliur, followed by Silicea or PJiospJwrus if necessary, is serviceable in attacks of day blindness, where the pa- tient can only see well in the evening. 12 178 DISEASES OF THE EYES. DREAD OF LIGHT. The shrinking from the light is usually connected with other complaints, for which the appropriate remedy must be selected. If this is not the case, however, give Aconite and wait a few days; then give Nux vomica; if no better after three days. Belladonna; after eight days, Mercurius; and after eight days again, Hepar, sometimes Calcarea. When the patient has so great a desire for light, that he cannot have it intense enough, give first Aconite; after- wards, if necessary, Belladonna and afterward Sulplmr. For dread of light with headache, Euphrasia may be given when the light of a candle appears dark and un- steady ; Apis if everything seems to whirl before the eyes, and if the eyes feel as if full of mucus ; Pulsatilla when a fiery halo or circle appears around the light, or the sight is dim, as if something needed to be wiped away, when everything appears double or is totally obscured ; Belladonna when a variegated halo surrounds the light of the candle, when the patient sees red spots or a mist; if the objects appear double and there is incipient blind- ness; Staphisagria for dimness of sight, with black flashes and flickering, during the day ; in the night fiery, meteor-like appearances, or a halo around the light. SQUINTING OF CHILDREN. Squinting of children, if there is great heat in the liead, is often cured by Belladonna; when occasioned by worms, by Hyoscyamus or Cina; after scarlet fever, Bkus or Cuprum ; if it arises, wliich is very common, from the light al- ways being kept on the same side of tlie bud of the child, place it for some time on the other side, or turn the child in tlie lud, so ;is to have the light on the other side; afterwards place the child in siuh a inaimcr as to have the light in front, which is the proper position. If this cannot bo done, put a AFFECTIONS OF THE EARS. 179 dark screen before the ligbt. With older children this is seldom of much use. In these cases you may tie up the sound eye first every day for several hours, afterwards for several days at a time, so that they cannot see with it at all, and may thus learn to accustom themselves to use the squinting eye properly. If, in squinting, both eyes are turned outwards, put a bit of black court plaster on the tip of the nose ; if inwards, put a screen of shining silk on each side of the head, like blinkers. If all this proves unavailing, consult a physician. CHAPTER III. AFFECTIONS OF THE EARS. ERUPTIONS. Eruptions behind or in tlie ears. See " Eruptions." MUMPS. Mumps, a swelling of the great salivary (parotid) gland lying under and in front of the ear, frequently occur with children, but are not dangerous unless the disease disappears from the neck and attacks some other structure. Sometimes the swelling extends over the whole neck, so that the patient can scarcely chew or swallow, and increases fur three or four days. Occa- sionally on tlie fifth or seventh day the swelling of tlie neck disappears, and shows itself in the breasts or testicles, which become red and painful, and pain in the bowels or other symptoms make their appearance. The patient should be kept warm, not too mucli so, however, and care taken to prevent his taking cold in any way. All stimulating food and drinks should be avoided, and no external application made use of, with the exception of tying a cotton or linen handkercliief around the neck, but not silk or woolen ones. Mei-curius is the principal remedy in this affection. Belladonna will, however, be indicated if the disease as- sumes an inflammatory character, or the swelling is very 180 AFFECTIONS OF THE EARS. red, resembling erysipelas, or very painful, and when it strikes in and affects the brain, which may be known by the swelling suddenly disappearing and unconsciousness and delirium following. If it affects the testicles give Pulsatilla, and after several days, Mercurius or Sulplivr. Bryonia is sometimes useful when the swelling suddenly disappears and alarming brain symptoms occur. Rhus tox\^\en the swelling is dark red and the left side is affected. Carbo vegetabiUs when the patient has a slow fever, the swelling becomes harder and will not go away ; or when striking in, it affects the stomach ; and also when Mercurius, given in the commencement of the disease, has failed in giving relief, or if the patient has previously taken much calomel. Should Carbo vegetabiUs be insufficient, it may be followed by C'occxdus. Hyoscyamus may be given for the symptoms indicated under Belladonna, if the latter fails to produce a favorable change in thirty-six hours. "When attended by pain in the throat, see under " Affec- tions of the ThrOat ; " when by much hoarseness, Carbo vegetabiUs almost always proves efficacious. If the complaint occurs in combination with affections of the ears or teetli, in scald head, scarlet fever, measles, small-pox, malignant fevers, or after excessive use of mercury, see the remedies for these diseases. INFLAMMATION OF THF EAR. In inflammation of the ear tliere is .generally redness, heat, pain, and swelling. The external passage or tube is sometimes nearly closed, and tlie pain is very severe; tlie patient can scarcely bear to have the ear touched. The trouble is frequently caused by little boils in tlie canal of the ear, some- times a slender piece of pork or fat luun juit into the ear will give relief. Warm applications are of great benefit. Pulsatilla is indicated when the complaint is accompa- nied by so violent a tearing, boring, throbbing, pricking, and burning, that the patient becomes delirious. AFFECTION'S OF THE EARS. 181 Belladonna will be reijuired if the inflammation jicne- trates to the brain, with great agitation, vomiting, cold- ness of the extremities and other dangerous symptoms. In case boils are the cause of the inflammation, Arnica or Hepar will be useful. EARACHE. Ccpa should be given if the pain is worse at night and in-doors, more on the left side, if the pain goes from the throat or head to the ear and if it is accompanied or has been preceded by catarrh. Chamomilla for single, acute, stabbing pains in the cars, as if made by a knife; the ear being dry and without wax ; or tearing pain in the ears, extending to the ear lobes ; the patient is very cross and easily offended ; the pains intolerable. Mcrcurius, if the patient sweats without any relief; when there is a tearing pain extending to the cheeks, pricking deeply, at the same time tearing, pressing, burning pain ; or when it burns externally, or feels cold inwardly, with violent twitches and pinching ; particularly when the ear is discharging a little. For children this is the princijjal remedy, after which Sulphur may be given. Pulsatilla, if during the course of a rheumatic attack, earache occurs and is attended by jerking, tearing pains, as if something would be pressed out; or when the ear is ex- ternally red, hot and swelled, the pain going through the ■whole side of the face, particularly in jsersons inclined to chilliness and easily moved to tears. Nux vomica, for tearing, piercing earache, occurring in passionate, irascible persons. Arnica, for very sensitive persons, who have a return of the pain on the slightest exposure, with pressure and stitches in and behind the ears, also tearing, heat, and irritability at any loud noise. 182 AFFECTIONS OF THE EARS. Cinchona, if the pain is more in the external ear, ^^'ith redness, pricking and tingling inside. Belladonna, for earache, with stitches in and behind the ears; boring, screwing, throbbing pain, with tearing and stitching down into the throat, with ringing, roaring and rushing, particularly when the head and eyes are affected ; the pains during the paroxysms being worse when the parts are touched, or on moving about. Hepar, for the same symptoms as Bdladonna, when the latter is insufficient, and also for a shooting pain on blow- ing the nose, with throbbing and roaring in the ears. Calcarea, if the pains are chiefly confined to one side; throbbing deep in the ear, and so violent as almost to drive the sufferer to distraction ; especially if mostly on the right side, or worse after midnight, towards morning or in the forenoon. Suljyhur, if the pain returns frequently ; is on the left side, or is aggravated in the evening or before midnight. Platina, if the pains are very severe, like cramps, with a jerking, rumbling and rolling sensation in the ears; they feel cold, and numb with a crawling sensation, extending to the face. Dulcamara, for similar cases and particularly after tak- ing cold, when the pains are worse while the patient is at rest; particularly during the night, and which are at- tended with nausea. Rhus is very useful if the earache is caused by getting wet or by suppressed perspiration. Other remedies, sucli as PJtoiqihoric. acid, Antimonium crtidum, etc., may be required in some cases. Make no external application ; even oil may become injurious ; hot va- pors may burn tlie ear, and a part that is once injured cannot be restored. A sponge dipped in warm water and tied ui)on tlie ear can be used and will sometimes mitigate the pain witlioiit doing any harm, but a better way is to lay the patient on the well side and liaving a little pitcher of water as warm as can be borne, pour a continuous stream into the suffering ear; the con- stant flow of warm water into and out of the ear canal will frequently relieve the severe pain in a few moments. AFFECTIONS OF THE EARS. Ib6 RUNNING OP Tllli HARS. Running of the ears is a complaint wliicli always iieeJs the most careful attention, for usually a chronic ear discharge has its origin in the inner ear, whii'li lias only a thin plate of bone separating it from the brain, and in- flammation of the brain or abscesses in the brain are not infrequent occur- rences, depending entirely on a neglected ear discharge and so, though the complaint is a tedious one, it should be treated until it is cured. This can usually be done when a case is taken early. It is necessary to use the most careful cleanliness and the ear should be gently syringed out several times daily -with warm water, and then a little fine wool put into the ear to protect it from the cold air, to hinder insects from crawling into it, and to prevent the discharge flowing out on to the cheek ; when the syringe is used the ear should be pulled up and backward to straighten the canal and the nozzle of the small syringe inserted a short distance into the canal. In this disease oil should not be dropped into the ear. When a discharge from the ear remains after inflamma- tion, or is accompanied by pain, jjarticularly by pain pressing outward ; or the ear is hot and red, or covered with a scabby, itching eruption ; or when the disease suc- ceeds measles, give Pulsatilla; if that does not relieve, Sulphur. For the discharge following scarlet fever, give Bella- dmina; and after a few daj's, if necessary, Mcrcurius, and then Belladonna again; if this is not sufficient, Ilcpar. In the discharge from the ears occurring after small pox, 'which is sometimes bloody, and combined with pricking pam ; if the ear is outwardly ulcerated, and the discharge offensive, give Mcrcurius. But if the patient has taken much calomel, give Ilcpar; if he has taken too much sul- phur, give Pulsaiilla, and, a few days afterwards, Mcrcurius. Should it, not-withstanding, become very tedious, take as much potash as will lie on the end of a knife, dissolve it in a pint of rainwater, shake it well, then pour a tea- spoonful into the ear every day after it has been syringed, until it begins to improve. If the discharge is purulent and long-lasting, give Mer- curius, and eight days later. Sulphur. Should it not im- 184 AFFECTIONS OF THE EARS. prove under this treatment, give Calcarea. If there is a severe headache accompanying it, give Mcrcurius or Sul- phur; if this gives no relief, Belladonna, and afterwards Lachesis. Should no benefit accrue, notwithstanding all this, give, two mornings successively, Silicea, and repeat it after one or two weeks, if necessarJ^ A chronic dis- charge is sometimes relieved by Causticum, particularly when the patient is frequently attacked with rheumatism. But if all these remedies fail, try injections of a solution of borax, in the same proportion as the potash mentioned above. When the glands of the neck become hard and swollen after the suppression of the discharge, give Pulsatilla; later, Mercurius or Belladonna. If severe headache and fever occur, give Belladonna first; if no relief is obtained, Bryonia. If it is produced by a violent cold or wet feet, and the patient is better from exercise, give Didcamara; but if better by keeping quiet, give Belladonna. If worse when warm in bed, 3Iercurius. If after a suppressed discharge, a swelling like mumps takes place, give the remedies prescribed for mumps. Sometimes a violent headache arises, which becomes dull, with a pressure, as if the skull were too small; the eyes become red ; the pain is worse when moving, and is followed by fever; sometimes spasms in the face occur, swelling of the head, loss of memory, etc. ; followed by a roaring and rushing in the ears, deafness, and a sudden discharge of matter. Let the ear be cleansed with luke- warm water, and the patient lie on the side affected, hav- ing a small cushion or folded napkin placed about the ear. If the malady is perceived before the purulent dis- charge appears, give Hepar; if not better in a few days, Mcrcurius. If this produces no marked result after several doses, give Lachesis; after this again, if necessary in a day or two, Hepar. AFFKCTIUNS OF THE EARS. 185 The same treatment is to be observed when the discharge ceases sud- denly. Usually as soon as there is an escape of pus, the patient is safe, and nothing more is necessary to be done, except to keep the ears carefully cleansed with injections of lukewarm water, as already recommended in this chapter, until the discliarge has ceased. BUZZING IN THE EARS. Tliis complaint is generally connected with running of the ears and diffi- culty of hearing; or with earache. Sometimes with headache and deter- mination of blood to the head. In such cases the appropriate medicines for these diseases should be given. If, however, it is unconnected with other symptoms, and arises from cold, is worse in the morning, Ahix vomica is tlie proper remedy. Pulsatilla, if worse in the evening. Dulcamara, if worse in the night; for persons who per- spire much, Mercurius; for those who cannot sweat, Cham- omilla; to very sensitive persons wlio have taken much mercury, or suffer much from fever, or liver complaints, when the buzzing is more hissing, like a ringing or sing- ing, give Cinchona; but if louder, more like the noise of a humming-top, or where Cinchona does no good, Carho vcgdahilis. In old persons, especially if it is on one side, with great determination of blood to the head, which seems to cause the buzzing. Arnica is beneficial, and must be repeated whenever it becomes worse. If it returns always with or becomes worse from wet weather, if it is worse in doors, particularly after lying down, if it causes hardness of hearing, if it is accompanied by pain in the throat, running of tears, or trouble M-licn making water, give Ccpa. If it lias been of long continuance, apply to a physician. Sometimes, when the least noise cannot be borne. Sul- phur, and afterwards Aconite will do good. If this fails, give Carho vegctahilis and Coffca several times afterwards. If attended with great sensitiveness when exposed to 186 AFFECTIONS OF THE EARS. the wind, or with echoing of every step and word, in persons who suffer frequentl}' from tearing pains in the limbs, give Causticum. HARDNESS OF HEARING. This complaint is sometimes connected with other diseases, and will then only cease when they are removed. When it is of long standing it cannot easily be cured; but that which is of a recent date is, as a rule, more easily removed. Occasionally in children, and not infrequently in grown persons, it is caused by some obstruction in tlie ear. Tlie ear should be examined care- fully, by placing the patient in such a position that the light may fall into the ear ; if an ear-speculum is at hand it will enable us to see down to the bottom of the ear passage. In case there is an accumulation of hard dark brown wax in the ear, which can easily be detected, tliis must be removed by the syringe. Warm water alone should be used for injecting. It is dan- gerous to introduce hair-pins or ear-picks into tlie ear, as these can never extract the hardened wax, and they often push it still further into the pas- sage, even as far as the drum of tlie ear, causing exquisite pain, and inflam- mation if it be not immediately removed. Caution is required in tlie use of tlie syringe, not to introduce the nozzle too far, nor to inject too violently. Whilst using it tlie outer ear should be drawn upwards and backwards in order to straighten the canal. These injections of luke warm water should be used every morning and evening; tlie water should be retained in the ear for a while to soften the wax. Glycerine may be dropped into tlie ear a few times to assist in softening the wax, but the use of the syringe must still be continued. The most frequent cause of hardness of hearing is a catarrhal condition of the throat and of the tubes leading from the throat to the ear. In such cases relief is sometimes gained by holding the nose and mouth both tiglitly closed and then trying to blow the nose. This method may succeed in forcing air through the closed tubes into the middle ear and will greatly aid the re- covery of the hearing. If too great a dryness of the canal of tlie ear or want of wax is the cause of the deafness, sometimes Carbo rcgetah- ills or Lachesis prove useful. The passage may be moist- ened by means of glycerine, which sliould be introduced into the ear at night on a little cotton wool. Before using it taste it, if it is sweet it is good, but if at all sour it will injure the ear; unless you can bear it in your eyes it is AFFECTIONS OF THE EARS. 187 impure; but to test it further put a drop on a small piece of glass, add a drop of salt water, if this makes it cloudy- do not use it. But the glj^cerine is after all only like a crutch for a lame person, a good physician should always if possible be consulted. Hardness of hearing, attended with singing, tingling, and twittering, is sometinu's sprcdily cured by Vcratrum. If connected with runniu- linni 1 he ear, give medicines prescribed for this complaint, especially Pulsatilla, Mcr- curius, Sulphur, Calcarea and Causticum. If it is in consequence of measles, Pulsatilla or Carlo vegetahilis ; after scarlet fever, Belladonna or Ilqxir; after small-pox, Mercurius or Sulj^hur. If connected with cold in the head, and its general at- tendant, a sore throat, which is relieved by swallowing, gargling with wai-rn water is advisable, and give Cliamo- milla, Arsenicum, Mercurius, or Lachcsis, according to the symptoms under " Catarrh." If it arises from rheumatism, which has been sup- pressed by a cold, and has affected the ear, give the medicines proper for the rheumatic pains, and afterwards Bryonia, IhUcamara or Sul2yhur. If caused by suppressed eruptions or ulcers wliich have been healed by salves, etc., give the remedies for these, particularly Sulphur or Antimonium crudum. If the patient has been affected with piles, sometimes JVua; wmica gives relief ; if with nervous fever, ylr/a'ca or Phosphoric acid. If the tonsils are swelled and cause hardness of hearing, Mercurius vivus and Staphisagria frequently prove useful. In clironic complaints of this nature, dieting and drinking plenty of cold water are of great importance. If not removed by the means recommended above, consult a hama>opathic physician. Besides the above mentioned remedies vou may, after comparing the re- maining symptoms, take your choice among the following: Veratrum, Staphisagria, Arsenicum, Ihjoscyanms, and in very tedious cases SiUcea or Calcarea. 188 AFFKCTIOXS OF THE NOSE. Beware of remedies which, in their application, must be introduced into tlie ear. Let nothing be introduced into the ear except sucli remedies as liave been recommended here. Affections of the ear are generally very tedious and difficult to cure, and sometimes quite incurable. CHAPTER IV. AFFECTIONS OF THE NOSE, PAINS AND ERUPTIONS. For pain and eruptions, see " Tootliaclie," and " Eruptions." SWELLING OF THE NOSE. Arnica, when the nose is swelled in consequence of having received a blow, or when the swelling occurs very suddenly without any apparent cause, accompanied by crawling and pain in the upper part of the bone, as if after a blow. Belladonna, when the swelling is attended with catarrh, when the edges of the nostrils are swollen and sore, with redness, heat and pains, sometimes extending inwards, with burning, prickling and dryness; the smell some- times very sensitive, sometimes not enough so; and, where this remedy does not suffice, Hepar. Mercurius in watery discharge from the nose, making it sore, and when the nose is red, having a shinj-, swollen appearance, with itching, pains in the bones upon press- ure. In these symptoms it is better to begin with this remedy, and to give Hepar afterwards, or perhaps Bella- donna. Hepar, in swellings occurring in persons who have taken much calomel; and afterwards Mercurius. AFFECTIONS OF THE NOSE. 189 Bryonia, is sometimes of service in long lasting painful swelling. Sulphur, in swelling, with black specks on the nose. Phosphoric Acid, red spots on the nose. Causticum, warts on the nose. Rlius, when the point of the nose is red. Cantharidcs, red, shining swelling with tension in the forepart of the nose. Arsenicum, chronic redness. BLEEDING OF THE NOSE. Sleeding of the nose occurs in the course of many diseases, and frequently benefits the patient considerably. It ought not to be interrupted, unless it is too violent or lasts loo long. Cold water, vinegar, sponges, corks, brandy, creosote, etc., applied inconsiderately, may have an injurious effect. Filling up the nose is always useless ; it is better merely to compress it, and to see whether tlie bleeding stops, or whetlier the blood flows into the throat. The bleeding may sometimes be stopped by extending the arm wliicli is on the same side as the bleeding nostril, perpendicularly uinvards over the head, though when tlie arm is taken down again tlie bleeding is liable to return. Arnica is the best remedy for bleeding of the nose oc- casioned by a blow, fall, or any external injury, and also when it is preceded by crawling in the nose or forehead; when the nose feels hot, and the blood is of a bright red color. It is especially suitable for men. Pulsatilla, for women, especially those of a mild, quiet disposition, or who have too scant a flow at the menstrual periods, and also if the bleeding takes place during a catarrh, with alternate running and stoppage of the nostrils, and when the bleeding recurs in the afternoon, evening, or before midnight. Aconite, for violent bleeding, brought on by being very much overheated, or the patient has the appearance of being overheated; or that caused by determination of blood to the head, or by drinking wine; it is particularly 190 AFFECTIONS OF THE NOSE. applicable to persons of a plethoric habit. If it does not soon relieve, Bryonia, when there are complaints of the head and chest accompanying the bleeding. Cinchona in enervated and debilitated subjects -nlio have frequent and long continued attacks of hemorrhage, with great paleness of the face, twitching of the extremities and coldness, convulsions, etc. Carbo vcgetabilis: nose bleeds frequently and from slight causes; worse at night and in the forenoon; face pale before and after each attack ; while this remedy is one of the most important ones in this complaint, it is most useful in old or debilitated persons. Rhus, if the nasal hemorrhage was brought on by great exertion, overlifting, straining, etc., and is worse every time the patient stoops, or if it comes at night wakening one from sleep. Crocus for bleeding from the nose, when the blood is very dark, almost black, of a thick viscid character, and when the hemorrhage is accompanied by cold sweat on the forehead. Mercurius, when bleeding takes place at night during sleep and the blood coagulates immediately in the nostrils in cone-shaped clots, or the bleeding is accompanied with fever in the night. Cina in children who are subject to worms, or when the bleeding is brought on by picking and boring at the nose. Sidjjliur will frequently be found beneficial to persons who are subject to repeated attacks of nasal hemorrhage. Secale, when the bleeding is caused by great physical debility. If the above remedies fail in stopping the hemon-hage after a sufficient time has been allowed them to act, benefit may be derived, especially in bleeding consequent upon overheating or drinking wine, from immersing the h;mds in warm water, and afterwards keeping quiet. A large key or other instrument of iron applied cold to the spine will often stop hemor- rhage from the nose. AFFECTIONS OF THE NOSE. 191 Where the bleeding proves obstinate and the patient is in danger of suffering seriously from the excessive loss of blood, a physician must be summoned, and he can check tlie flow by plugging the nose posteriorly tlirough the mouth and anteriorly througli the nostrils. OZCENA. An extremely obstinate ulceration of tlie lining membrane of the nostrils, attended with fetid discharge, and sometimes followed by destruction of tlie cartilages, and by decay of the bones of the nose, is termed ozceiia. Its origin is probably in many instances connected with syphilis. In other cases, however, there are marks of a purely scrofulous taint. One of the most troublesome attendants of the disease is the accumulation of thick mucus or incrustations which sometimes entirely block up the pas- sages of the nose. When a catarrh has progressed to such a stage a physi- cian should be consulted. CATARRH OR COLD IN THE HEAD. Camphora tincture, in drop doses every half hour for a few hours, if taken when the very earliest symptoms of a cold in the head appear, will often prevent the further development of the cold. Mcrcurius is the principal remedy in epidemic catarrh, (influenza or grippe,) when many persons are affected with it at one time; especially if there is constant sneez- ing; the nose somewhat swollen and sore, with constant watery discharge; offensive smell; pain in the head and cheek; profuse sweat at night; the catarrh worse in the morning, and also when accompanied by fever; the patient does not like to be alone, and has much thirst, feels the heat uncomfortably, yet cannot bear the cold. If the symptoms have been better and become worse again, give Hcpar. It is especially serviceable for chil- dren, and in catarrhs caused by suppressed perspiration, with fever and pains in the different parts of the limbs. Hcpar may be given instead of Mcrcurlm to persons who have previously taken much calomel, and also when. 192 AFFECTIONS OP THE XOSE. the catarrh or headache is renewed by every breath of air, or when only one nostril is affected, and the headache is increased by every movement. If Ilepar does not prove effective, give Belladonna. Ccj^a for the ordinary catarrh, which attacks many people at the same time, and is aggravated by wet, windy weather; it commences generally on the left side and goes to the right ; with much sneezing, profuse acrid dis- charge from the nose, which is inflamed and sore down to the upper lij); with running of the eyes, headache, cough, thirst, heat, pain in the teeth or all over, worse at night and in a room, better in the open air and in the cold, but always worse again when returning to the warm room. Lachcsis will be found useful in catarrhs of the severest kinds, with profuse watery discharge from the nose, ac- companied with great soreness and swelling. In another kind of catarrh when the patient has not so much redness, heat and thirst, but has a desii-e for warmth; drinks often, but little at a time; is unusually weak, restless, agitated; complains of burning like fire without much heat or redness being perceptible; the dis- charge is not offensive, but more acrid and corrosive; the soreness of the nostrils is very great and very uncomfort- able; motion and warmth relieve, and every little cold does not aggravate; in this case give Arsenicum, Dulcamara, Nux vomica, sometimes also Ipecacuanha : Arsenicum, when the nose feels stopped up and yet runs; the discharge is acrid; soreness of the nose inside and out from the discharge; the patient is sleepless at night without any particular cause, or the nose bleeds at night; cannot lie still. Nux vomica, for the same symptoms as Arsenicum, when the latter causes no improvement in twelve hours, or when tlie catarrh is fluent during the day, and dry at night; the moutli dry and parched without much AFFECTIONS OF THE NOSE. 193 thirst; tightness of the chest and coustipation. This remedy is also particularly useful in alternate heat and chilliness, especially in the evening, and also when there is great heat of the head and face, or all over. Dulcamara, where the symptoms are partly for Arseni- cum, and partly for Nux vomica, but the patient feels better when in motion and worse when at rest, and the slightest exposure renews the obstruction. IpccacuanJta, when Arsenicum or Kux vomica ajipears to be indicated, but prove insufficient. Pulsatilla may be indicated when there is not so much soreness of the nose, but the patient is at once deprived of appetite and smell ; the mucus discharged is thick and yellowish, or sometimes green and offensive. Euj^hrasia is serviceable in catarrhs accompanied by a thin discharge from the nose, and scalding tears from the eyes. Rhus, when the mucus is thick and yellowish with heat rash or scurf on the nose. ChavioniiUa frequently cures acrid catarrh with ulcera- ted nose and chapped lijis, one cheek being pale and the other red, with chills and thirst ; this condition existing particularly in children, and when it was brought on by suppressed perspiration. For catarrh, which lasts long or returns again and again, the nose either running or stopped up, give Silicca ; afterwards Calcarca, particularly to teething children. When the catarrh has been suppressed, and headache is the result, give Aconite, and if the discharge does not return soon, Pulsatilla or Cinchona. If the pains are ex- cessively violent, particularly over the left eye, then give Spigelia; if in the whole forehead or worse on the right side and more throbbing, the mucus being very yellow and like pus. Belladonna. If the pain always returns for a few hours in the evening, give Arsenicum; should the chest be affected and difficulty of breathing occur, Ipe- 194 AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. cacuanha, and if the patient does not improve, Bryonia, or Arsenicum. See "Asthma." Let the patient drink hot water, with milk and sugar, and let the vapor of hot water be inhaled through the nostrils. If none of these medi- cines afford relief, give Sulphur. If the catarrli ig connected with other complaints, particularly with those mentioned in the subsequent chapters — such as affections of tlie chest, hoarseness or cough, look under these respective heads for tlie necessary remedies. Kcver suppress a catarrh either by cold or by drugs; it is always a pu- rifying process. Nobody takes cold who has no impurities in his system. One is much more liable to catch cold after eating or drinking acrid or indigestible things. Many children will not get rid of a cold as long as they indulge in too much sugar, syrup and other sweets. There are whole families, each member of which will have a cold in the liead for three days every time they e.at roasted goose, others after other food. As dust in the nose makies people sneeze, so impurity in the blood inclines them to catarrh. CIIArTER V. AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. HOARSENESS. Among the common domestic remedies for hoarseness, there are many wliicli are decidedly injurious; and others, which, if tliey do good, always leave after tliem a disposition to relapse. Hoarseness, wlien it returns frequently, is always a serious complaint. It may sometimes be relieved by mixing rock-candy with the yolk of a fresli raw egg and taking this two or tlirce times at night, by eating fresh raisins, or tying a woolen stocking about tlie throat at night which has been worn by a healthy person; a per- fect cure, however, can best be effected by the following remedies : Cliamomilla may be given, especially to children, if there is hoarseness with catarrh, tough mucus in tho throat, with drj'ness, burning and thirst; tickling exciting AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. 195 the cough; fever in the evening; the disposition cross, vexatious, or serious and quiet. Xux vomica, to persons of sulky, quarrelsome, obstinate and lieadstrong di.sposition, for a rough, deep, dry cough, arising from dryness in the throat, with pressure and pain in the throat, the mucus cannot be loosened ; attended with alternate chills and heat. ridsat'dla, for hoarseness accompanied with stinging and soreness in the throat and palate ; pain when swallow- ing; catarrh, with much yellow, green and offensive dis- charge; a loose cough and pain in the chest, with chills; without thirst; and with a capricious appetite. It is particularly applicable when the patient has for several days been unable to speak a loud word; if Pulsatilla does not suffice, give Sulphur. Mcrcurius is the principal remedy when the voice is hoarse and rough, with burning and tickling in the larynx — a disposition to perspire easily, sweating does not, however, relieve the patient, and when every breath of air aggravates the trouble. Phosphorus, for hoarseness, with cough and rawness in the larynx, worse in the evening; cannot talk on account of pain in the larj'nx. This remedy will, perhaps, be more frequently required than any other. Capsicuvi in hoarseness accompanied with itching and obstruction of the nose, or with cough producing pain in different places. Ph(s, if there is hoarseness with roughness of the throat; much sneezing and discharge of a great deal of mucus from the nose without its being a real catarrh, and with shortness of breath. Apis, if the larynx is very seiasitive, the throat not only rough but dry, with difficult breathing only on motion. Sambucus, for hoarseness with deep, hollow, dry cough, which occasions catching of the breath, or with yawning, uneasiness and thirst. 190 AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. Carbo vegctahiUs, for jJi'otracteJ hoarseness, worse morn- ing and evening, and after talking; it is also etiicacious in hoarseness, following measles. Silicea for hoarseness accompanied by chronic catarrh. Drosera, in hoarseness with hollow and deep voice. Causticum, in obstinate cases of hoarseness, -when the patient has no other complaint, or if combined with catarrh and cough, soreness and rawness of the chest and occasionally of the throat. COUGH. Cough may be either combined witli cold in the head, being more or less to the chest wliat cohl in the iiead is to the nose ; or it may arise from otlier diseases. In the former case the appropriale medicine should be selected from, among tliose recommended for cold in the head ; in the latter, the respective symptoms with whicli the disease is attended, must be talcea into account. For instance, if there is a dry, hacking cough, violent pain in the chest, which is worse wlien breathing, if the patient was taken witli a chill followed by much lieat and the pulse is quick and hard ; there is indanima- tion in tlie chest, and you have to administer the remedies prescribed for that complaint. The medicines wliich are here first mentioned, will seldom cure a cough of long standing; you must have recourse to tliose, tlie effects of which are more enduring, and which are described towards the end of the list. In most cases an obstinate cough can be cured only by a liomteopathic prac- tioner ; but often it is a symptom of a disease wliicli is already incurable. Nux vomica should be given for a dry cough, which is caused by a rough, scraping, acrid sensation in the throat and tickling in the palate; when it is lasting and weak- ening, with pain as if the head would burst, or a sensation as if bruised in the upper part of the abdomen, with pain afterwards under the ribs, particularly Mdion the cough awakens the patient early, or is then worse, or only a little mucus is ejected with much effort. Also when a slight cough lasts the whole day, with pain in the pit of the throat, and is worse in the evening, but better during the night; when during the night the breathing is op- AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. 197 there is a feeling of weight upon the chest, and the patient has heat and a parched mouth. For ener- getic and plethoric patients, who drink much coffee and spirituous liquors, Nux vomica is j^articularly suitable. It also answers for a dry exhausting cough, which is worse during the night with trifling expectoration in the morning, or worse from reading, thinking and exercise. Chamomilla should be given for a similar dry cough, which is worse at night, even during sleep, and arises from a tickling in the pit of the throat — something rising in the throat and taking away the breath — particularly in children, and during the winter after taking cold. Also for a tickling cough, which is caused by talking, is worse in the morning and tevening, but which ceases after the patient gets warm in bed ; also when in tlie morning some tough, bitter mucus is coughed up. Ilijosci/amus helps a dry cough, which is worse at night, and prevents sleeping, especially worse when lying down, and better when sitting up, with tickling in the wind pipe, or when the cough comes in spasms, sometimes at- tended with stitches over the eyes, or with soreness in the muscles of the abdomen. Ipecacuanha is frequently useful for children — even for the smallest — when on coughing the mucus almost suffo- cates them ; when the cough is spasmodic, or affects them so much that they can scarcely breathe, and they become purple in the face, and the limbs get quite stiff. The same remedy answers when there is a tickling sensation in the larynx, with sensation of contraction, the cough quite dry, or a trifling expectoration of mucus of an offensive taste, or when it cau.ses loathing, nausea and vomiting of mucus; when it is attended with pain in the abdomen, particularly about the navel, or a pressure upon the bladder, as if the urine could not be passed, or there is a throbbing in the licad and pit of the stomach, and soreness of the chest; after the cough, shortness (if breath and sweat of the fore- head; walking in the cold air excites the cough afresh. AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. Belladonna for a similar spasmodic cough, which does not allow the patient to recover liis breath, which shakes the whole body, and is excited by a constant insupportable tickling in the larynx, without any phlegm in the chest; or as if caused by something like down in the throat, particularly if the cough is barking and aftei-wards in- spiration is impossible for a while, with a bursting sensa- tion in the head, with a feeling of pressure in the nape of the neck as if it were breaking, or for a cough attended with a scanty discharge of mucus, mixed with blood, stitches in the chest and on the left side below the ribs; tearing pains in the chest; short, quick, anxious breath- ing ; chapping of the lips, red face, and pain in the head ; or when the attacks terminate with sneezing, accompanied by catarrh, like that described under Hepar, or stitches in the hips and deep in the abdomen, as if something were giving way. Mercurius for a dry cough, which exhausts and shakes the patient much, particularly at night; or a tickhng cough before falling asleep; sometimes attended with spitting of blood, piercing pains in the chest; in the case of children frequently attended with bleeding of the nose, inclination to vomit, pains as if the chest and head would burst, accompanied by hoarseness, fluent catarrh, or diarrhoea. Carbo vegetabilis for spasmodic cough, coming on several times during the day or evening, attended with retching and vomiting, heat and perspiration, soreness of the chest, white, gray or yellow expectoration, coughing up of blood, with burning pains in the chest; pain in the larynx, as from ulceration, shooting pains through tlie head. Capsicum, for a dry cough, worse in the evening and during the night, and which sometimes excites vomiting; pains shooting through different limbs; rending head- ache; sometimes accompanied by oi:)pressive pains in the throat and ears, or with drawing pains from the chest to AFFECTIONS OF THE cnEST. 199 tlie throat, stitches in the chest and back, or pressure on the bladder and shooting pains in that region, or stinging and tearing pains from the hips to the knees and feet. Apis fur a cough which is caused by a tickling in the pit of the throat, worse in the cv/cning, or before midnight, after lying down, or after sleeping, and which is better as soon as any phlegm is raised; with headache and short- ness of breath; after a rash, particularly nettle-rash, which had preceded it or which did not develop com- pletely. Bhus for a dry, short night-cough, commencing with a ticklmg in the chest, which causes agitation and asthma, particularly in the evening and before midnight, whereby the head and chest are shaken a great deal; or with tightness and shooting pain in the chest, pains in the stomach, sometimes stitches in the thighs; particularly when the cold air makes it worse, and heat and exercise affect it favorably; also for cough with a taste of blood in the mouth. Nux moschata for a cough, which gets much worse after one becomes warm in bed; for a dry cough with loss of breath; after taking cold from wet feet, or standing in the water ; after being overheated from hard work ; par- ticularly for those who easily become hoarse when walk- ing against the wind and who have a cool, dry skin, and like warmth, and are made absent-minded by taking cold; in general for inconstant people. Cina for a dry cough, at times accompanied by expec- toration of mucus; in children who .start suddenly as if they were losing their senses; afterwards with anxious gasping for breath, moaning and paleness, or a hoarse, hacking cough every evening, particularly in children who have worms; or at the same time fluent catarrh, with a burning sensation in the nose, and violent sneez- ing, which makes them cry; also when they object to being touched. ! ZW AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. Ignatla for a dry cough, during the day as well as by night, with a sensation as if there were something like down in the pit of the throat; worse towards evening, with au irritation increasing with the cough, or with a feeling of contraction in the pit of the throat; with a fluent catarrh; in persons who have been affected by grief, or when the cough grows worse every day after meals, in the evening after lying down, and in the morn- ing after getting up. Euphrasia or Cepa for a cough with catarrh; much sneezing; running and soreness of the nose; when the eyes are aifected, are red with aversion to light; great flow of tears, and when the cough causes loss of breath ; much rattling of phlegm in the chest; chilliness. Euphrasia if worse during the day, ^particularly in the morning, no cough in the night, worse in the open air and aversion to it; head and eye symptoms worse on the right side; the tears being acrid. Cepa if the cough is worse towards evening and during the night ; if the loss of breath comes on in the middle of the night; head and eye symptoms worse on the left side; while the discharge from the nose is corrosive and the tears bland; better in the open air, and desire for it. Pulsatilla for cough which ceases in the open air, and becomes very violent in the warm room, also when the cough is dry in the beginning for half a day, with retch- ing; then attended with expectoration of mucus, which is easily raised; sometimes streaked with blood; in the morning much yellow, salt, bitter, disgusting expector- ation, sometimes accompanied by retching; the wind- pipe at the same time feeling rough, and the abdomen and sides sore as from a bruise, or there are shooting pains in the arm, shoulder and back; or the urine escapes whilst coughing. Bryonia answers for a dry and for a moist cough ; for a dry one, when commencing with a tickling in the throat, AFFECTIONS OF TIIK CHEST. 201 or ■when the attack comes on after eatiug, and is so bad as to cause vomiting; or for a cough which begins as soon as the patient gets into a warm room; or with severe stitches in the side, and afterwards a trifling spitting of blood ; with a yellowish expectoration ; when every fit of coughing is felt in the head, or is accompanied with shooting pains in the head, throat and chest; in general for a hard, shaking cough Avhieh causes pain in the head and abdomen. Cinchona when there is an inclination to a short hack- ing cough, as if caused by the fumes of sulphur, without any discharge of mucus, which is present, however, in the larynx, and causes a whistling noise when breathing; the expectoration which follows is streaked with blood; with pressing, stinging pains in the chest and windpipe; or consists of a clear, tough mucus, which is diffipult to loosen, with pains in the shoulders, sometimes accom- panied by vomiting of bile; and for cough after hemor- rhage from the lungs. Arnica for cough with expectoration ' of mucus and clotted blood, or light, frothy blood, at the same time asthma; oppression of the chest; the ribs and the'abdo- men feeling as if bruised and lacerated; stitches in the head, chest, abdomen, and small of the back; also for loose or dry cough in children, early in the morning or when asleep, with crying and screaming. Vcratrum for a deep hollow cough, as if proceeding from the abdomen, with griping, salivation, blue face, involuntary urination, violent pains in the side, and at the same time difficulty of breathing and great weakness, sometimes accompanied by stitches which pass downwards through the abdomen, with a sensation as if a rupture were about to occur. Arsenicum for a loose cough with but little expectora- tion, which is, however, tough, difficult to expectorate, and causes constriction of the chest; coughing each time 202 AFFECTIOXS OF THE tllEST. after drinking; for cough during the night, with spitting of blood, and burning heat all over the body, want of breath, extreme fatigue and weakness; or every evening dry cough, which is very weakening; with oppression of the chest when going up stairs and in the cold air ; also palpitation of the heart and agitation during the night. Dulcamara for a loose cough, particularly after taking cold, with hoarseness, sometimes accompanied with spit- ting of bright red blood during the night; or a whooping, barking cough, excited by deep inspirations ; cough from taking cold, aggravated by being in a room, and by lying still ; better when moving. Droscra for a loose cough or for a dry one, accompanied by hoarseness, pain in the chest and under the ribs, so that the patient is obliged to hold the painful part with his hands; sometimes attended by retching and griping in the abdomen, when the expectoration is tardj'; vomit- ing of food and of phlegm and water afterward ; discharge of bitter disgusting purulent matter; or with ojspression, as if while coughing, the breath remained in the chest, so that both coughing and speaking seem impossible. Stapiiisagria for cough with expectoration of yellow mucus, resembling pus, particularly during the night, with pains as if caused by ulceration under the breast- bone, collection of water in the mouth, occasional spitting of blood preceded by a feeling of scratching in the chest, and involuntary discharge of urine. Phosphoric acid, for cough with expectoration, great hoarseness; coughing occasioned by tickling in the pit of the stomach or jiit of the throat, dry in the evening, in the morning attended by a white or yellow discharge, or of dark blood; cough with oppressive pains in the chest, and expectoration like pus; when coughing, a bursting headache, inclination to vomit, and burning in the throat and chest. Silicea, for lingering cough, with expectoration of much AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. 203 mucus in transparent lumps, or yellow pus, with pressure on the chest, the cough so shakes the patient as to cause pain in the throat and abdomen ; or a deep, hollow cough, with spitting of blood; dry cough, with pain and soreness of the chest; or a cough which threatens to suffocate the patient in the night, or with shortness of breath and emaciation. Sulphur, for chronic dry cough from tickling in the throat, coming on in the afternoon and continuing till toward midnight; coughing with constriction of the chest, and retching ; only during the night, preventing the patient from sleeping; or dry during the night, but during the day attended by yellowish, greenish, offensive expectoration, or thick mucus, pus and blood; when coughing, single stitches in the chest or under the ribs on the right side ; feeling as if the chest were about to burst when coughing or sneezing; the chest feels narrow and full, difficulty of breathing, whistling and rattling in the chest, palpitation of the heart, the patient is obliged to sit up during the night ; or when the cough is attended by a bursting pain in the head, blackness before the eyes, heat in the head and face, but cold hands. Calcarea, for a tedious cough, caused by tickling as from down in the throat, so violent in the evening and during the night that every blood-vessel throbs, or in the night, during sleep, dry cough with pain, or rattling in the chest, particularly in very fat children^ where Ipecacuanha suits, but does not suffice ; for cough with copious expec- toration, particularly during the day, lumpy, purulent, yellow, greenish, brown, so offensive as to cause vomiting; when coughing, a stitch in the side and chest and burn- ing in the latter; tearing and shooting pain in the head; also a stitching pain in the side when breathing deeply, when moving and bending; in the evening, heat, then chills and thirst, night sweats, particularly on the chest, great weakness, and much anxiety respecting the malady 204 AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. Lachesis, for cough excited by pressing the hand upon the chest, the patient unable to bear anything about the neck, coughs during the night in his sleep; or feels a tickling in the pit of the throat, the whole chest, up to the shoulders, feeling sore, with stitches in the side, and spitting of blood ; or coughing as if something fluid had got into the windpipe; or violent cough from ulcers in the throat, with retching, hawking up of phlegm, and much saliva in the mouth; difficulty in expectorating; the cough much worse after meals, after sleeping and after rising; at the same time pain in the throat, ears, head and eyes. Caiisticum for a protracted, dry, short cough, or for a hollow one, with excoriating or burning pain in the chest and in the windpipe; scraping in the throat and rattling in the chest; pain in the hip, as if going to burst open, or other rheumatic pains; the urine escapes while coughing. For chronic cough, choose particularly among the rem- edies recommended last: Causticum,, Lachesis, Calcarea, Sulphur, Silicea and Phosphoric acid; but should they not, though agreeing with the symptoms, effect a permanent cure, use Staphisagria, Dulcamara, Arsenicum or Carbo vegetahilis. The remaining remedies are most efficacious in coughs which are not of long standing. AVhen a cough, appearing suddenly, is accompanied by pressure in the chest, difficulty of breathing, pain in the throat and windpipe, attended with soreness and raw- ness, especially if after coughing at night a burning sen- sation remains, with rough and hoarse voice, fever and a quick, full hard pulse, always commence by giving Aconite, and from five to six hours aftei", or the following morning, the suitable remedies for the cough. But when the cough is very exhausting and suffocating, with much mucus in the chest, give first Ipecacuanha, and a couple of hours after, if necessary, another suitable remedy. AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. 205 Wlien the cough is rough and hollow, and there is barking, or whistling and wheezing, particularly witli children, examine what is said of whooping- tuugh, croup, and suffocating cough, and compare the remedies there pre- scribed with those indicated here. In recent coughs, with cold in the head, it is always best to keep warm, and guard against further cold for a few days ; but this ought not to be carried to excess, or tlie patient will become more and more sensitive to cold. For children, it is much better that they should go out every fair day, and be waslied daily in cool or cold water. Cliildren who are liable to get their feet wet should wear rubbers. A person aflected with cough should occupy, not a cold, damp room which lies to the north or northeast, but a dry room facing the south. Those who are subject to catarrhs and conghs, or sore throat, will be much benefited by washing and rubbing the whole body every day ; it is sometimes useful to wear a black or white silk ribbon around the neck, or a silk stock fitting closely around the neck ; cotton should be worn next to the skin, but no wool or flannel, which is only suitable for sailors and otliers who are frequently drenched to the skin by the rain. In cases of cougli, particularly in children, sweet things, as rock-candy or figs, may be allowed. Gum arable likewise. All other things are inju- rious. Hon^y is good in some cases, but must not be used wlieu taking homoeopathic medicine. Goose oil or chicken fat may be used externally for obstruction in the nose or chest, but if it does not soon afibrd relief it is better to discontinue it. Drawing cold water into the nose is dangerous in cases of severe catarrh — it may be tried carefully only in cases of very tedious catarrh and cough. Foot baths are only allowable when an.xiety, suffocation and a small hard pulse accompany the cough ; but then immersing the arms is still lietter. Never refuse cold water to a person wlio suflfers from a cougli, although it should make the cough worse every time; and force no one to take warm and intoxicating drinks — it is a practice which has sent many a patient to the grave, and subjected otliers to long and severe tortures. Experience has proved that cold drinks are beneficial in all cases when the patient de- sires it; warm drink relieves only for a short time and always debilitates in tlie end. Hot milk with water and sugar may be taken as a sudorific in the evening, but no decoctions of any kind, which only ruin stomach and skin. The idea that purgatives may benefit a cold is a foolish superstition. They are not only useless but very often injurious. The use of emetics for every hollow sounding cough for fear of a usually imaginary danger is perhaps more excusable, but they always weaken the stomach, and are injurious in other ways. 20G AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. WHOOPING-COUGH. This affection has been divided into three stages, the first or febrile stage resembling ordinary catarrh, attended with cliilliness, sliglit fever, depres- sion, increased flow of tears, sneezing and discharge from the nose, along with a dry, fatiguing cough, which returns in paroxysms. The duration of this stage is various — it may last for a few days only, or may continue for weeks. It seldom, however, exceeds a fortnight. In the second — the nervous and spasmodic or convulsive stage — the char- acteristic symptoms of the disease present themselves. The cough becomes excessively violent and distressing ; the patient, feel- ing its approach, runs to lay hold of some object to support liimself until the paroxysm is ended. These paroxysms occur more frequently at night, and consist of a series of forced, quick and unequal expirations, which fol- low each other so rapidly that inspiration is impossible. The face becomes swollen and livid ; tears are discharged copiously ; the veins of the neck are prominent ; a profuse perspiration breaks out, and suflbcation appears imminent. Very soon, however, short, imperfect inspirations are eflected, and then a long, slow and laborious inspiration, accompanied by a peculiar noi.se, which has been conii);ii\'il to :i wlioop, and from which the disease takes its name. The pan.xysiiis s. .Mutinies succeed each other every five or ten minutes, in other cases not niorc than four or five occur during the twenty-four hours. They are usually terminated by a fit of coughing and discharge of ropy mucus, or by an attack of vomiting. It is not an uncom- mon occurrence for blood to be discharged from the nose, and occasionally from the mouth and ears, during the paroxysm, and the eyes are also fre- quently greatly injected. Pneumonia is a frequent complication of this stage of the disease. The duration of this period is various ; sometimes it terminates in two or three weeks, at others lasting for months. The average is perhaps from two to four weeks. The third stage, or the stage of decline, is made known by the paroxysms growing shorter and shorter, and less violent and freh)i>A frequently proceeds AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. 215 from the nose, from diseased gums, or from the tlimat. ^Vlu■n it is really from tlie chest, it is almost always aceompanied liy a Miisation :u> if coming from a considerable depth ; it is warm, generally lat-lcs swcul, the taste of it precedes the rising of the blood, or there is at the same time a painful and burning sensation in the cliest. Usiler these circunistances everything should be avoided which could too much tax the power of the lungs, such as long and hmd .^iieakim;, cry- ing, singing, blowing the horn or the trumpet, all viokut cxcn ise id' the arms, or quick running, ascending, particularly going up stairs. .Sometimes this disease is protluced by inlialing the dust or exhalations proctetling from such substances as lime, gypsum or plaster of Paris, metal filings, tobacco, or sulphuric acid. When the discharge of blood is but trifling, and is accompanied with consideralile coughing, a remedy may Ireciiicntly Ije foimd among those recommended for "Cough," especially such aiimug them as Belladonna, Meicuriiii, Curbo vegeiabilig, PuLsatiiia, Bryonia, Cinchona, Arnica, Dulcamara, Staphinayriu, Silicea and Lachesis. But when the complaint has already existed for some time, and the blood is discharged in considerable quantities, or when it commences with a vio- lent hemorrhage, there is danger, but not to such a degree as to be exces- sively alarming. Fear only makes the matter worse. It is seldom as bad as it appears. The life of the patient is not usually in imndnent danger, unless there have been several previous attacks, or the patient has suffered long from other diseases, or the blood flows in large quantities. In many cases the bleeding soon ceases of its own accord. The most important ob- ject is the cure of the complaint after hemorrhage has ceased, for that is the most critical periixl, eitlier from a return of the hemorrhage, or from the establishment of an incurable disease of the lungs. On no account allow a vein to be opened during or after hemorrhage from the hings; this remedy is worse than the disease, for it invariably aggravates it ; but it is fortunate at the present, that few physicians offer to bleed for this complaint. Blood-letting for hemorrhage of the lungs is most injurious in the case of individuals who have previously suflfered from piles — and where the blood only takes another direction — or in women, who, instead of having their monthly periods, have spitting of blood. In these cases there is no danger whatever from the hemorrhage, for it will cease of its own accord, and all the bad consequences may be prevented by medicine. After a heavy fall or blow upon the chest, give Arnica, and keep the pa- tient on a low diet ; if, after some days, pains in the chest and fever make their appearance, give Aconite, and if, after this, it gets worse again, repeat the Arnica. You may also tie a handkerchief around the upper part of the left arm, as tight as the patient can bear it, and another around the upper part of the right thigh, and if this does not arrest it, on the other arm and thigh in the same wav. 216 AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. When the hemorrhage has entirely ceased, loosen the bandages gradually. While the bleeding continues, and also lor a considerable time after it has ceased, the patient should remain perfectly quiet in a half sitting, half lying position, with plenty of pillows under the head and chest. The room should be kept cool and well aired and no warm drinks or stimulants of any kind allowed for eight or ten days. The food should be light 'and easily digestible, and the drinks principally mucilaginous. AU kinds of mental excitement, and particularly vexation and anger, should be carefully avoided. Advantage wiU also be derived £i-om sleeping awhile during the day, especially before meals. If the bandages do not speedily check the hemorrhage, dry cups may ba applied to the abdomen and under the ribs, also on the pit of the stomach. As a substitute for regular cupping glasses, dip a piece of paper, cotton, oi other light substance, in strong brandy or alcohol, ignite it, throw it into a tumbler, turn the glass so that the paper shall fall out, and apply the tum- bler as quickly as possible to the bare skin. The closer tlie glasses adhere, the better ; if you do not succeed at the firet trial, repeat the experiment. Cloths dipped in cold water, and applied to the lower part of the abdo- men, will also be beneficial. Ko other cold application should be made, but small pieces of ice may be swallowed. A little fine dry table salt is sometimes administered ; this may do good, but if it aggravates the cough, it should be dispensed with. When the cough continues, and brings on fresh attacks of bleeding, give the white of an egg, mixed with sugar, a teaspoonful at a time ; or put a drop of sulphuric acid in a tumbler of water, and use it as a gargle, or take a teaspoonful every five or ten minutes. In selecting a medicine, we should endeavor to choose one which will not only accelerate the cure, but, as much as possible, prevent a relapse. When there appears to be great danger, select either Aconite, Ipecacuanha, Arnica, Cinchona, or Opium. Aconite will have the preference when the slightest at- tempt at clearing the throat l)rings up blood, when the patient previous to the bleeding feels a sensation of ebul- lition of blood in the chest ; the latter seems full, with a burning sensation; palpitation of the heart, agitation, uneasiness; is worse when lying down, with an anxious, pale countenance, and when the blood comes by gushes, and much at a time. Ipecacuanha may follow the Aconite, if the latter has checked the hemorrhage, but there is remaining a constant taste of blood, with a short cough, discharge of mucus mixed with blood, nausea and weakness. AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. 217 Arsenicum should be given if the Aconite is insufficient and tlie palpitation of the heart and agitation increase, and prevent the patient from sleeping, or disturb him when asleep, drive him out of bed, and are accompanied with a dry, burning heat. If the hemorrhage returns again, give Ipecacuanha, Nux vomica or Snlj^liur. And if, after these remedies, it still grows worse, repeat the ^rse?i- icum. By these means the recurrence of the complaint may sometimes be prevented and the disease entirely cured. CiticJiona, when the cough which had been very dry, rough and painful, with a taste of blood, becomes violent and is accompanied by constant raising of blood; when the patient feels chilly, witli occasional flushes of heat, is very weak, wants to lie down all the time, perspires occa- sionally, but not long at a time, trembles, has dimness of sight, or confusion in the head, or when he has lost so much blood as to become quite faint, or pale and cold, with twitches in the hands and face. Ferrum, Arnica or Arsenicum will sometimes be indicated after Cinchona. Ferrum in slender persons of sallow complexion who do not sleep well at night; if the blood is brought up by a slight hawking, not in very great quantities, is quite juire and bright red, if there is pain between the shoulders, asthma, particularly during the night, the patient cannot sit, feels better when walking slowly about and yet must frequently lie down; is very weak, particularly after speaking, and the cough is produced by any considerable exertion. Arnica, when the blood is clotted, black and raised ea.sily ; accompanied by asthma, shooting pains and burning con- traction in the chest, palpitation of the heart, great heat over the body, with weakness, almost to faintness, and also when the blood is raised with slight cough, is bright red, frothy, mixed with small clots and mucus, sometimes accompanied by tickling under the breast-bone; coughing 218 AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. produces shooting jjains in the head, and all the rihs feel as if bruised. Pulsatilla if the complaint has alread}- continued for some time; if the blood is black, clotted; if the patient becomes very nervous during the night, feels cold, com- plains of weakness and pains in the lower part of the chest, with a qualmish sensation in the stomach, is re- served, inclined to weej), and indisposed to exert himself. After Pulsatilla, Secale may be beneficial. Mhus in cases similar to the last, but when the blood is of a brighter red, or the patient is more anxious, irritable and uneasy, the symptoms aggravated by the slightest vexation, or when there is much tickling in the chest, worse at night. Nux vomica, if the disease has been occasioned by spir- ituous liquors, or the suppression of piles, from cold, vexa- tion or other causes; especially in passionate persons, and is accompanied by tickling in the chest, and cough which affects the head; and is worse in the morning. Sulphur should be given if no relief follows the use of this remedy. If the hemorrhage arises from suppressed menstruation, Pulsatilla or Bt-yonia, sometimes Cocculvs or Vcratrum. Opium, when the discharge is very thick and frothy, mixed with mucus, particularly for old people and persons addicted to drinking, or when the cough is worse after swallowing, accompanied by difficulty of breathing, asthma, and anxiety, with a burning sensation in the region of the heart, trembling of the arms, sometimes weakness of the voice, drowsiness and sudden starting, coldness, particularly of the extremities, or heat, especially of the chest, without sweat. If after Opium there appears perspiration on the chest, with or without restlessness, give Mercurius. Opium may be repeated after a few hours if necessary. Hyoscyamus, when the hemorrhage is accomjianied with dry cough, particularly in the night, when lying down; AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. Zi'd starting in sleep, etc.; also in persons accustomed to ardent sjiirits; it will follow Opium and Nux vo^nica advantage- ()usl\- when the}' jirovc in.sutHcient, and may be followed hy Arscniaun. ^ Belladonna, when there is a tickling in the throat, which excites coughing and aggravates the hemorrhage, with a sensation as if there was too much blood in the chest, and pains, particularly stitches, worse when in motion. Dulcamara for tlie same symjjtoms as Belladonna; if they are worse when the jiatient is at rest; and when the blood is of a bright red color ; the attack brought on by a cold ; or when the patient has already suffered from a 'loose cough for a considerable time. Carbo vegetabilis, when there is a violent burning sensa- tion in the chest, even after the hemorrhage has ceased, particularly for persons who cannot bear the changes of the weather, or who have taken a great deal of calomel. For the weakness which follows bleeding from the lungs, do not give too much medicine, good diet is of more consequence; let the patient eat often, but not much at a time; but .little meat, plenty .of milk, and occasionally eggs, flour prepared in different ways, and let him take exercise in fine weather. If he remains weak notwith- standing, and oversensitive, give Cinchona or Ferrum; if he "is weak, but at the same time too lively, Coffea; and if cross and fretful, Ignatia; very much depressed, Phos- phoric acid. BRONCHITIS, INCLUDING CATARRH OF THE CHEST IN CHILDREN. Tliis disease consists of an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchia, and is acute or chronic. The former is of frequent occurrence, alone or with measles, scarlatina, small-pox, whooping-cougli, etc. The most prominent symptoms are: chilliness, succeeded by fever; hoarseness; difficult respiration; severe, frequent, and distressing cough; at first dry or with scanty expectoration of frothy or viscid mucus, later 220 AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. copious and streaked with blood; constriction of the chest with oppression; weakness, foul tongue, and loss of appetite; rapid pulse, increased difficulty of respiration ; paleness of the lips, anxious countenance, wheezing ; on ap- plying the ear to the chest, a louder sound than the natural respiration, eitlier rattling, whistling, or droning, or harsh and broken, according to the progress of the disease. Symptoms of iwiprovement are : a greater freedom of breathing, remis- sion of the fever; altered expectoration, which becomes thicker, whiter, and diminished in quantity. It is unfavorable when the difficult breathing and debility increase ; the face becomes livid, the body covered with a cold clammy sweat ; the mucus accumulates rapidly in the bronchial tubes, and the cough, which has become feeble through the exhausted and sinking energies of the patient, is insufficient for its ejection ; delirium appears, and the patient is carried of}! The frequency of the disease in infancy and early life deserves a particu- lar notice. It is generally known by the name of catarrh on the breast; it commences as in adults, with the symptoms of a common catarrh ; the breathing becomes quick and oppressed, and from the increased action of the diaphragm the abdomen becomes prominent ; both the shoulders and the nostrils are in continual motion, but the wheezing is often more marked than the difficulty of respiration, and on applying the ear to the chest, a mucus rattle is heard over almost every part; expectoration sometimes temporarily relieves, and occasionally the mucus is expelled from the air- passages by vomiting ; the countenance is pale and anxious, and somewhat livid : — these symptoms are interrupted and relieved by occasional remis- sions, during which the child generally appears drowsy; but they return with additional severity, and, if not checked, death may take place from suffocation. Coughing sometimes produces considerable pain, and the child for that reason frequently endeavors to suppress it. There is no appetite, much thirst, although when the disease has advanced, it is found difficult to take a long draught, from its impeding respiration ; this is very observa- ble with children at the breast, who, after eagerly seizing the nipple, will bite it and discontinue sucking, cry, and throw back the head, and after vomiting up the phlegm, continue for some time in that position. Aconite may be given when the skin is hot, dry ; the pulse hard, frequent; there is hoarseness with a rough voice; a short, dry and frequent cough, as if excited by a ticlchng in the throat or chest; difficult and quick breath- ing; anxiety, restlessness, tossing about, and more or less thirst. .Pulsatilla, if tliere is less licat, more coldness of the hands and feet, le.ss or no tliirst. The mucus is thick, yellowish, sometimes mixed with a little blood. AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. 221 Ihrtar emetic in all cases, when the rattling of phlegm in the chest is remarkable from the first, when the patient is inclined to slumber much, often with the eyes half ojieu ; cries from being touched, but insists on being taken up and constantly carried about. Face bluish or pale and puffy. Drowsiness. Belladonna, when there is severe headache, aggravated by coughing, oppression of the chest, and constriction as if bound, with rattling in the chest; short, anxious and rapid respiration ; dry, fatiguing cough, worse at night, starts in his sleep, child cries when coughing. Lacliesis. Oppression of the chest, with short and hur- ried respiration and anxiety ; dry, fatiguing cough, some- times followed by the expectoration of a little tenacious or frothy mucus, after much effort, occasionally streaked with blood; symptoms worse after sleep and in the after- noon ; face and extremities bluish. Bryonia. Cough dry, with pain in head and chest, or cough with expectoration of viscid mucus ; in some in- stances tinged with blood ; dryness of the mouth and lips, excessive thirst ; stitches in the chest hinder breathing. Phosphorus. If the respiration continues oppressed, with a feeling of heaviness of a jiart or of the whole of one lung; dry cough, excited by a tickling in the throat or chest, aggravated by talking or laughing, or going into the open air. Mercurius is useful when the symptoms are accompanied by excessive perspiration which does not relieve. Patient cannot endure either hot or cold air — tongue is coated a thick yellow — much thirst for cold water, which aggra- vates the cough. If the patient has a cold in the head, Avith watery, acrid discharge; nose swollen. Ferrum phosphoricum has been found use fid in many eases of bronchitis in children, when considerable fever exists, with fluslied or pale cheeks and the rattling is lieard all over the chest — a greenish Avatery or slimy diarrhoea is often present. 222 AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. Ipecacuanha, if there is mucus rattling in the chest, and when on coughing tlie patient is almust sufibcated by the excessive secretion of mucus, and becomes livid in the face; shortness of breath, and perspiration on the forehead after each fit of coughing. What is to be done for Chronic Bronchitis will be found under the head of "Cough." PALPITATION OF THE HEART. The causes of this comphunt will frequently indicate the remedies ; it is generally produced by violent emotions of the miml, or by the use of ardent spirits ; indigestion is also a frequent cause. Drinking cold water, particu- larly before going to bed, and eating but little in the evening is the best remedy for. young people. Persons who are troubled with this complaint usually sleep better on the right side than on the left, and prefer to have the head rather high ; they must drink neither coflee, tea, nor chocolate. For mental emotions in general, give Aconite, but it will soon lose its affect, if repeated too often. If it is caused by vexation, give Chamomilla ; by fear or anguish, Fera- trum; by joy, Coffea; by great agitation and anxiety, either Opium or smelling of a bitter almond crushed, will be found to be beneficial. With pregnant women, when connected with weakness of the nervous system, spasms and faintness, when it returns frequently, give, from time to time, a very little old wine or a drop of brandy. During the attack it is sometimes better to give a spoonful of hot water, par- ticularly when the skin is very dry. Women of a pale complexion may experience some benefit from smelling vinegar, but it is very much better to use the following remedies. For plethoric persons. Aconite; after this, Nux vomica or Belladonna. In persons of weak nerves, Ignatia; and when worse while lying on the side, Pulsatilla. Spigelia is an important remedy for those who have pal- pitation often, especially if their breath is offensive. AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. 223 iVkc moschata for palpitation with fainting, and after- wards sleep, particularly if preceded by exertion ; or for persons who are inclined to faint, or have, in general, the • symptoms of Nux moschata, as stated under " Cough," " Headache," etc. Cinchona is most suitable for persons who have been much weakened by the loss of fluids, and are troubled with a sour stomach, much wind and sleep restlessly. Glonoine, for palpitation after sudden cooling off, when over-heated, from violent mental emotions, after many rapid changes of different influences, either with heat of the face, quick pulse, or beating felt in the head, or with the face pale, ver}^ slow or scarcely perceptible pulse; labored beating of the heart with heaviness, pressure and heat in the heart, and pains into the back. Belladonna, when the palpitation of the heart produces a droning sensation in the head, when the chest feels full, or when there is an uneasy and throbbing sensation in it, particularly in women, after confinement, or when the milk fails, or after weaning. In the latter ca.se, give Cin- chona some time after. Sulphur, for the same symptoms as Belladonna, when it proves insufficient; especially if the palpitation is conse- t coniinence with a heavy chill, it is only /a/se pleurisy or slilch in the side. It ciinimences usually with rheumatic pains about the throat, neck and shoulders. If the pain shifts its place, if the chest is painful to the toiich, and if the passing of your finger along the chest Ijetween the ribs causes pain, it is false pleurisy and not inflammation. Such cases are almost always cured by Arrdca; if that does no good, take Bryonia or Nux vomica, and see "Rheu- matism." The pains are sometimes lower down, there is difficulty of breathing, more so in expiration than on inspiring, in real pleurisy it is just the contrary. Give Pulsatilla, Arnica, or other remedies for rheumatism. If one has rheumatic pains and there suddenly ajipears AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. 229 the sensation as of a heavy load on' the chest with great anxiety ; if the heart beats violently and very fast ; if the breathing becomes constantly more difficult; if coughing is quite impossible; if the limbs, from which the pains have disappeared, are getting cold — there is very great danger. Some cases of this kind have been cured by Aconite, and after it no longer improved, Pulsatilla or Sulphur. Pleurisy is known by tlie eliills witli wliich it commence.';, by the fever and eougli ; llie breath is hot ; the pnlse hard, that is, it beats liarder against tlie finger of a pei-son feeling it, than that of a healthy person, and is not so easily compressed ; breathing is impeded by a stitch, commonly under the ribs of one side, and tlie patient likes to lie on this side; coughing is very painful, but not frequent ; the expectoration is slight ; the face pale ; the patient would like to talk, but is prevented by the pain ; towards morn- ing the symptoms lessen, and the skin may become moist. Pleurisy is generally not very dangerous, but the consequences are some- times serious, particularly the eflUsion of fluid into the chest which may occur from a pleuritic attack. Aconite is the chief remedy and in most instances it is sufticient to effect a complete cure. The medicine should be continued until the pain, heat, thirst and cough have sensibly diminished. Bryonia is indicated by the following symptoms: acute shooting pains in the chest increased by inspiration or movement of the body; dry cough, or cough followed by expectoration of yellowish, dirty or bloody mucus; op- })ressed respiration ; yellowish tongue; palpitation of the heart; constipation; bitter taste, nausea and sometimes vomiting of mucus; aching in the limbs; hot skin, vio- lent thirst, cough when lying on the right side. Sulphur when Bryonia has removed the pain, if there is still some sensitiveness remaining, particularly on motion and exposure to the air. Although these three remedies will, in a great majority of cases, be sufficient to effect a cure, yet it will, in some instances, be necessary to resort to one or more of the following: 'ZSU AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. Belladonna, if the fever returns, or the pain and diffi- culty of breathing continue, and in those cases in which there is violent pain in the head, with great heat, inco- herent talking, etc. A')-nica, against pleurisy resulting from external injury ; also in cases in which the fever has been subdued by Aconite, but there is still pain and difficulty of breathing remaining. Mercurius, when tlie fever has diminished, but there is still a good deal of pain and difficulty of breathing re- maining. Arsenicum, in protracted cases, when there is extreme prostration of strength, and the breathing painfully op- Cinchona, in those cases in which bleeding has been re- sorted to, and the patient is very weak and debilitated. It may be followed by Ferrum. Lycopodium, Arsenicum and Phosphorus are chiefly to he relied on in chronic cases, when, tlirough neglect, bad management, or constitutional predisposition, there is danger of consumption, with purulent expectoration, pro- tracted cough, dropsical swelling, etc. iNFLAiniATiON OF THE Li-Nos. PNEUitoxiA is mtioh more dangerous than pleurisy. It usually lnvins with a severe chill; the fever does not, to so marked a degree, iU(1(;im- t.iwanls morning; the skin is always hot anil dry; pulse at first .soft, alurwanls it becomes hard ; the breath is hot, but the breathing, though not so much impeded by stitches as in pleurisy, is much more rapid and remains so throughout the attack ; the pains are more pressing in the middle of the chest ; coughing more frequent, of longer duration, and often causes headache; the face is usually deeply flushed, especially on the side corresponding to the affected lung; the patient lies upon the back, not upon the side ; wants to be let alone and does not like to talk ; sometimes he is cross and don't care for anything. The cough is usually dry at first, afterwards a little blood is brought up, mixed with tough mucus, and looking the color of iron rust. The danger is mostly over as soon as the e.xpectoration becomes copious and thick, with frequent coughing, the pressure upon the cl and sweating occurs, the skin remaining moist. AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. 231 Aconite, in the beginning, for hot, burning skin, hard, full and frequent pulse, rapid breathing, violent thirst; great anxiety, either accompanied or not by pain in the chest ; dry cough. BryoHia,a.{ter Aconite, for the following symptoms : cough, with expectoration of tough mucus of a reddish or rusty color; great difficulty of breathing, and stitches in the side or chest; pain increased by movement; mouth dry, yellowish or dark coated tongue, great thirst and consti- pation. Hyoscyamus sometimes, wheii the brain symptoms pre- dominate. Ma-cur ills, when the fever is not so active ; the pain and difhculty of breathing still continue, with profuse sweats, which do not relieve the symptoms, the pulse weak and frequent. If perspiration breaks out on the chest of old I3eople, MercuriiLS is indicated. Antimonium tartaricum, when there is oppression of the chest, with much rattling of inucus; expectoration of frothy mucus; great weakness, and disposition to vomit or vom- iting of mucus; face livid. Especially suitable for old people and infants. SulpJtur is the most important remedy and following Aconite, is frequently sufficient to complete the cure; its chief indications are: frequent, weak, faint spells; flushes of heat; feels suifocated; constant heat on top of head; rattling of mucus in the chest; cough; when the disease, after other remedies have been given, remains stationary, Sulphur will nearly always bring about a recovery or make such a change in the condition of the patient, that another medicine will finish the cure. If the inflammation of the lungs has not decidedly de- veloped, if the cough remains painful, if the breath is crackling and like sawing, the beating of the heart con- stantly accelerated, give Phosphornn; if a yellow pus- like expectoration remains, strength fails and night- 232 AFFECTIONS OF THE CHEST. set in, the patient will only be saved by Lycopo- dium; when the expectoration is copious and slimy, Dul- camara may be given. But such cases should always be treated by a homoeopathic physician. Occasionally the disease takes on, especially in old or very feeble persons, or in those who are intemperate in the use of alcoholic liquors, a form known as typhoid pneumonia. Delirium or stupor are pre.sent and prostra- tion of the vital powers occurs; the tongue is dry and brown, teeth covered with sordes; involuntary passages from the bowels occur and twitchings of the muscles take place. The medicines most frequently indicated are: Arsenicum, Lycopodium and Rhus. Arsenicum, when there is great prostration with anxious restlessness; much thirst, but drinking only a little at a time ; face pale and anxious ; diarrhoea. Lycopodium, cough loose, or a constant tickling cough ; circumscribed redness of face; sweat without any relief; patient is always worse late in the afternoon. Rhus, extreme restlessness; tearing cough ; tongue red at tip; prostration; great drowsiness; hardness of hearing; involuntary movements from bowels and urination ; skin dry and hot. CONSUMPTION OF THE LUNGS. I This disease, one of the most common and most fatal, may be treated in the beginning according to the symp- toms that arise; for those regarding the chest, see "Cough" and " Hemorrhage from the Lungs." Very many cases can be cured if treated early by proper medical, hygienic and dietetic methods, hence a physician should always be consulted for any person who with a cough more or less severe begins to lose flesh, or to have night-sweats. AFFECTIONS OF THE TUKOAT. 233 CHAPTER YI. AFFECTIONS OF THE THROAT. SORE THROAT, INCLUDING QUINSY. The various aflections producing a troublesome pain in tlie throat pass under the general name of sore throat. In order to examine the throat, plat'e the patient in the light near a high window, if possible ; let him open his mouth wide and push liis tongue forward, while you introduce the handle of a spoon and press down tlie back part of the tongue, but not with too mucli violence; by this means the entire cavity of the throat may be examined. Persons not familiar witli this simjjle procedure, and who, of course, must needs take a longer time in the examination, should first let the i)atient open his mouth, hold back his head and put out his tongue, that they may examine the upper part of the tliroat. Tlien let him rest awliile, after which let the mouth be opened wide a second time so that a spoon handle may be introduced, and the back of the ttmgue pressed down gently, in order that the soft palate with the tonsils and the interior of the throat may be exposed to view. The use of the spoon to press down the tongue may often be avoided by directing the patient to open his mouth wide and draw in his breath forcibly, the tongue then generally gfies down and the soft palate up during the inspiration, or if the patient can be made to say, ah! with the mouth wide. open, the throat may be seen to more ad- vantage. In children, who will usually resist this examination, it is some- times necessary to put a cork between the teeth ; care, however, should be taken that, in pressing down the tongue, no injury is done. Then compare the symptoms as given by the patient, and your own ob- servations, with the symptoms of the medicines recommended. In cases complicated with hoarseness, look under that section. When on looking into the throat white or gray patches of membrane, which lie on the more or less greatly swelled and reddened mucous mem- brane, lining the throat and covering the tonsils, are seen, the disease is diphtheria and it is tlie most dangerous form of sore throat. For the treat- ment, see Diphtheria, Chapter XIV. An excellent domestic remedy for sore throat when it first comes on, and one that is instantly availalile, is to put two or three thicknesses of linen cloth, which has been dipped in cold water, aroimd the neck, and over this a roll of flannel or a long worsted stocking. The patient should at once go to bed after this is applied and often he will be surprised and delighted to find that his sore throat is gone by the morning. Men who suffer fretjuently from sore throat should allow their beards to grow beneath the chin. Putting a woolen stocking around the neck at 234 AFFECTIONS OF THE THROAT. niglit on going to bed is also good. It is a good i.lan t.. wash the neck every morning with" cold water, and afterwards to ruli it wtU and not to make a practice of covering the neck too warmly on going out into the cold. Gargling the throat with irritating substances, is an old and pernicious practice. When the throat is dry, swollen and very painful, the patient may inhale the vapor of hot milk by holding liis mouth over a jug half filled with it. When the tliroat is dry and swollen and the disease acute, it is well to boil figs in milk and inhale the vapor, or hold pieces of the fig in the mouth or drink some ul' ihe milk. If the complaint is tedious and swallowing difficult, boil wlaat siaicli in water and use in tlie same way. Aconite is to be given when the patient has difficulty and pain in swallowing or in speaking ; when the throat is much more red than usual; and for a burning pricking, or contracting sensation, accompanied by fever, an.xiety, impatience and uneasiness. Belladonna, when drinking produces spasm in the throat, the fluids returning through the nose ; constant disposition to- swallow; pricking pain on swallowing and on touching the throat; swallowing difficult, producing spasm, or en- tirely impossible; the throat feels as if there were a plug in it ; dry, burning sensation in the throat, and a disposi- tion to hawk up something; when not swallowing, tearing pain, extending to the lower jaws, or up into the head; ulcers in the throat, which appear very suddenly and spread rapidly, tonsils and the small palate (uvula) swollen, and of a bright or j^ellowish-red color, or redness without swelling; violent pains when swallowing and hawking, sometimes even when speaking; pressing, shooting pain in the tonsils, which seem as- if they would burst, the glands swollen outside, accompanied by violent fever, red face, throbbing heailadic mid much thirst; profuse saliva- tion, pain in the lln'i'licnil, and furred tongue. During the prevalence of scarlet fever. Belladonna is most suitable for sore throat. Mercunus, if it seems as though a hot vapor were rising in the throat, the tongue is furred and flabby with de- pressed edges, so that the impression of every tooth may AFFECTION'S OF THE THROAT. 235 be seen; and in c-a.-^es ^^ilnilal• lo Belladonna, when the latter is insuftiL-ient, and llic throat continues swollen, very red, or becomes ulcerated. When the ulcers are not painful, and appear gradually, Belladonna is of no use, but 3Iercurius must be given; after Belladonna or Mercu- rius the patient ought particularly to avoid taking cold. In quinsy this medicine is often of use when it is found impossible to prevent the formation of pus, to hasten such formation. Hepar, in the beginning, especially in quinsy, is more suitable than the preceding remedy, if the pricking pains are \'ery violent when swallowing, extending to the ears or to the glands of the throat, and to the lower jaw; if tlie patient feels as if a splinter or a fish-bone were in the throat; when the burning in the throat scarcely allows the patient to swallow, with stitches in the swollen ton- sils, and a very disagreeable taste in the mouth, the gums and back part of the tongue swollen, -with abundant dis- charge of saliva; in the evening, chills or heat, followed by perspiration, which does not relieve; uneasiness, or an aggravation of all the symptoms during the night; also worse in the cold air ; accompanied by violent headache and drawing in the nape of the neck. Hepar may be given after Mercurius, particularly after taking fresh cold ; after Hepar, Mercurius may be given again if there is no improvement. Lachesis may be given, when Belladonna, Mercurius or Hepar have appeared to be indicated, but do not suffice; if the uvula is swollen; continual disposition to swallow; profuse salivation ; accumulation of phlegm in the throat; bad ulcers; spasms of the throat which prevent drinking; the throat is very sensitive to the slightest touch, even to that of the bed clothes. It is especially indicated when there are white or gray patches on the tonsils or throat, particularly when the disease began on the left side; when croupy symptoms appear; the symptoms are worse in the A6b AFFECTIONS OF THE THROAT. afternoon, sometimes in the morning, but always after sleeping. Ignatia, when there is a constant feeling as if there w'ere a lump in the throat; a sore spot in the throat when swallowing ; acute, shooting pain, which sometimes is ex- perienced only when the patient is not swallowing. Fluids are more difhcult to swallow than solid food. The same remedy answers when the tonsils are swollen and ulcer- ated. Before, however, deciding on this medicine, com- pare what is said under Belladonna, Mercurim, Hepar and Sulphur. For shallow ulcers on the tonsils, give Ignatia, and afterwards Lycopodium. jVu£ vomica, in cases similar to those mentioned under Ignatia; especially for a sensation as if there were a swell- ing like a plug or lump in the throat, particularly when swallowing; with pains rather pressing than shooting, worse on swallowing the saliva. The throat feels raw and excoriated, or as if scraped and rough ; the cold air affects the throat painfully; sometimes the uvula is swollen and red. Pulsatilla for the same sensation on swallowing as de- scribed under Nux vomica, or the throat appears too nar- row, as if obstructed by swelling; redness and sensation of scraping; dryness of the throat without thirst; shooting pains in the throat when swallowing, but worse when not swallowing; a feeling of tension in the throat; the glands of the neck are painful when touched; the interior of the throat is more of a bluish-red ; the fever is unaccompanied by thirst; chilliness in the evening, followed by heat. Bryonia, when the throat is painful on being touched, or on turning the head; swallowing difiicult and painful, as if a hard substance were in the throat; shooting pains and soreness, attended with dryness, or a feeling of dryness, which renders speaking difficult. These symptoms com- monly occur after being overheated, or after eating ice or drinking ice-water; they are Irw^uently accompanied by AFFECTIONS OF THE THROAT. 237 fever, dry moutli, cither with or without thirst, and great irritability. Bhus for symptoms simikir to those under Bryonia, ex- cept that the pains extend further down. The glands un- der the ears are mucli swollen ; the patient is extremely restless; a bloody saliva runs out of the moutli during sleep. Capsicum for symptoms similar to those previously men- tioned; it may be. given when the other remedies fail; when the fever continues with chills and thirst, followed ])y heat; the pains are pressing, the throat spasmodically contracted; blisters in the mouth and ulcers in the throat, with a sensation of burning; at the same time cough, with violent pain in the throat. It is particularly indicated when the patient wants to lie down all the time, and is disposed to sleep; is afraid of the air and cold. Apis, if the patient is always chilly and afraid of the open air, yet cannot bear a closed room, particularly not when heated ; if he is hot, but not thirsty ; if he has had nettle-rash; if the tongue and throat are as if scalded; burning blisters on the margin of the tongue; dryness of the mouth and throat, stinging when sw'allowing; tough secretion from the mouth; tonsils bright red and swollen wit+i stinging, burning, itching pains; the throat is raw; looks dropsical. Sulphur for frecjuent or constant sore throat, particularly wdieu the inside of the throat, the tonsils and the small palate (uvula) are swollen; swallowing is impeded, and besides the u.sual pains, peculiar pricking pains, or a sen- sation as if there was a lump in the throat, or the throat was too narrow, with soreness or dryness. If there is swell- ing and redness of the soft palate, give Phosphorus ; if the uvula chiefly or alone is swollen and red, give Lachesis. If the sore throat is not better in two or three days and the throat gradually appears to close up, the j)ain being throbbing and stinging; saliva flowing from the mouth, 238 AFFECTIONS OF THE TEETH. and when tr^dng to swallow fluids, they come out again at the nose; lying on the painful side or on the hack be- comes more difficult, when you see the red swollen tonsils at the side of the uvula protruding more on one side than on the other, it is probable that suppuration threatens. In this case Silicea will often be beneficial; sometimes, however, according to the other symptoms, it will be bet- ter to give Hepar, MeiTurius or Lachesis. Relief may also be obtained from warm poultices, rinsing with warm milk or gruel, or inhaling the warm vapors thereof. As soon breaks the patient will be better. CHAPTER VII. AFFECTIONS OF THE TEETH. TOOTHACHE AND SWELLED FACE. Pains, originating in the teeth, sometimes affect different parts of the head, as the lower jaw, tlie ear, the upper jaw, and tlie hones of the face ; and pains which originate in tliese parts extend likewise to the teeth. We append, therefore, "Face-ache" and "Swelled Face" to this chapter. This connection between the different parts of the head shows that the cause of the complaint should not always be looked for in carious teeth. Decayed teeth are sometimes painful, because they are aflected by disease, but their being decayed teeth does not necessarily produce pain; they may decay and break off altogether without any pain whatever ; if pain were occa- sioned by decay, the tooth would ache continually, while, on the other hand, teeth that are not decayed may pain most violently. What is said of exposed nerves producing pain is nonsense ; any one who knows what a nerve is, and will take the trouble to reflect, will soon be convinced of it. Extraction of teeth is only allowable where there exists a fistula, suppuration at the root, and the like. :iii.l :is nu.sl cf these can be cured by homoeopathic remedies, together witli ilu- -ri\ 1,, s ,,i a good dentist, it can only be neces- sary in the few incuralilr cus.s. ■.\ui\ in children who are shedding their teeth ; in all other cases it is a bad remedy, because the root has to be ex- AFFECTIONS OF THE TEETH. 239 tracted, and this is injurious to the jaw, as the root may remain in it with- out causing the least pain, wlien we know how to treat it. Wlien the teetli remain in the jaw, the decay communicates itself but very slowly, except in a few diseases wiiere the decay in a short time destroys all or most of the teeth. But when the disease is of this nature, extracting does no good, not even if all the teeth are taken out, for in this case it will attack the jaw. Let no one believe that one tooth can affect another, make it black, and communicate the caries by contact. This is the doctrine of those who get paid for extracting them, but who cannot cure toothache. Most of the tooth powders and tinctures sold by perfumers and chemists are injurious. The teeth and gums ought not to be picked much, and never witli any toothpick, except quill or wood ; one must be careful in drinking to avoid extremes of hot and cold, and keep the teeth clean by brushing them with a soft brush and pure water in the morning and after each meal. Do not be content with brushing simply the front part of the teeth, but go over their crowns and inner faces, and when using the brush on their front surfaces let the motion of the toothbrush be up and down, and not across the surface of the teeth from side to side. If a tooth powder must be used, sugar of milk is the best one. The most pleasant way of cleaning the teeth and removing even the tar- tar is with sour milk. Rub the teeth with it, and then rinse the mouth with warm water, and you will feel how clean the teeth have become. If you have toothache, make a timely selection of one of the following remedies, and in most cases you will find that they give speedy relief. The worst of all the common remedies is opium or laudanum. It is al- ways injurious. Pain which has been removed by opium is sure to return with redoubled violence some time or other. But it is very seldom the true remedy, and when it is, the best way to use it is to tie a piece of opium of the size of a pea on the outside of the cheek. Kreosote is equally injuri- ous ; in many cases it is of no use ; in most cases it only allays the pain for awhile, and produces ulcers in the mouth, the throat and the stomach ; the mere introduction of it into the mouth affects the stomach. For persons with weak lungs it is very injurious. When the toothache evidently depends on the presence of particles of food in the cavity of a decayed tooth, the cavity may be cleaned out by a little cotton wound on the end of a piece of wire or tlie end of a knitting needle. This will often stop the pain at once. The earlier the cavities are filled by a dentist the better, and in the case of children, if the care of their teeth is early put into the hands of a compe- tent dentist, there need be but little trouble from decayed teeth or tooth- ache; for timely attention would save most of the disastrous loss of teeth and the terrible suffering consequent on the decay of the teeth. Persons who suffer much from toothache should abstain from the use of cofiee altogether; it is generally injurious to the teeth. When homteo- pathic remedies are used, care should be taken for a long time to avoid everything-that would interfere with their operation. 240 AFFECTIONS OF THE TEETH. It ought to be observed, that one or two globules taken on the tongue, if it is the proper remedy, or, in some cases, merely smelling the medicine, will give the patient relief. The pain frequently gets worse for a short time alter taking the medicine, but wait awhile patiently, and if it begins to abate take nothing more, until there is no longer any improvement. If it gets worse again, and the symptoms resemble the first, take the same medicine ; if they differ, select another. As the torture from toothache is so common, and embitters life so much, and as medicines not siutably chosen will prove inefl'ectual, we will en- deavor, as much as possible, to facilitate the selection of the proper remedy, by showing the twofold manner in which it must be found : namely, first, by comparing the symptoms with the medicines adapted to them, and then by comparing the medicines with their respective symptoms. In the first place, take note of every symptom complained of by the pa- tient, and note also the remedies which are recommended for each ; then examine the symptoms under those medicines which occur most frequently on your list, and see whether they also correspond with the proper symp- toms : by this means the proper remedy may generally be easily discovered. It should be taken into consideration that not all the symptoms men- tioned under a remedy are necessarily to be found in the patient, but that all, or at least the greater part of the symptoms of the patient must be found under the remedy selected. To explain this, we will give the following example: — A patient has vio- lent tearing or drawing pains in different places, and tearing in the gums (a) ; sometimes tearing pain e.Ktending into the head (6) ; cold air causes it and makes it worse (c) ; it is mostly worse in the morning (d) ; accompanied by determination of blood to the head (e). Among the different symptoms, we find for — a) Pains in the gums : Mercurius, Pulsatilla, Staphisagria, Ilepar, Ar- senicum, Carbo vegetabiliB, Hyoscyamus, Calcarea. b) Which extend to the head: Mercurius, Staphisagria, Nux vomica, Charaomilla, Sulphur, Arsenicum, Antimonium crudum, Khus, Hyoscyamus. c) Worse in cold air: Belladonna, Mercurius, Staphisagria, Sulphur, Hyoscyamus. d) Worse in the morning: Ignatia, Mercurius, Pulsatilla, Phosphoric acid, Staphisagria, Bryonia, IS^ux vomica, Cinchona, Sulphur, Arsenicum, Hyoscyamus. (■) Determination of blood to the head : Aconite, PulsatiHa, Cinchona, Hyoscyamus, Calcarea. After striking ottt all the remedies that occur here only once or twice you will find that Pulsatilla, iStaphisagria, Sulphur, Arsenicum, occur three times, Mercurius, four times, Hyoscyamus, five times; now, examine the symp- AFFECTIONS OF THE TEETH. 241 toms under Hyoscyamus, and you will find that Hyoscy- amus or Mercurius answers best. The remedies in italics are more frequently indicated than the others and are therefore of more importance. Most in the Front-teeth. — Belladonna, Causticum, Carbo vegetabilis, ChanicMKilla, Cinchona, Cofiea, Ignatia, Mercurius, Natrum muri- ailniin, A'«.r mnta-hala, Xkt vomica, Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, Ehun, Silict'a, .Stai.lii>a.mia, Sntphnr. Most in the Eye and Stomach-teeth.— Aconite, Calcarea, Hyoscya- mus, Rhus, Staphisagria. Most in the Molars or Back-teeth. — Arnica, Belladonna, Bryonia, Calcarea, Carbo vegelnbilis, Causticum, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Coffeii, Hyoscyamus, Ignatia, Mercurius, Nux moschata, Nux vomica. Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Silicea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. Most in the Upper-teeth. — Belladonna, Bryonia, Calcarea, Carbo vegeia- bilis, Cinchoxa, Natrum muriaticum, Phosphorus. Most in the Lower-teeth. — Arnica,' Belladonna, Bryonia, Carbo vegeta- bilis, Causticum, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Hyoscyamus, Ignatia, Mer- curius, Nux vomica. Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, Bhui, Silicea, Staphis- agria. One-sided. — Aconite, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla. On the Left side.— Aconite, Apis, Arnica, Carbo vegetabilis, Causticum, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Hyoscyamus, Mercurius, Nux moschata, Phosphwtts, Rhus, Silicea, Sulphur. On the Right-side.— Belladonna, Bryonia, Calcarea, Coffea, Laclicsis, Natiuiii muriaticum, Nux vomica, Phosphoric acid, Staphisagria. A whole Row of Teeth.— Chamomilla, Mercurius, Rhus, Staphisagria. In Decayed Teeth.— Antimonium crudum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Calca- rea, Carbo vegetabilis. Causticum, CharaomUla, Cinchona, Cofiea, Hepar, Hyoscyamus, Lachesis, Mercurius, Nux moschata, Nux vo- mica, Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Bhus, Silicea, Sta- phisagria, Sulphur. In the Gums. — Antimonium crudum. Arnica, Belladonna, Bryonia, Cal- carea, Carbo vegetabilis, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Hepar, Hyoscya- mus, Lachesis, Mercurius, Natrum muriaticum, Nux moschata, Nux vomica. Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Sili- cea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. Upper, — Belladonna, Calcarea, Natrura muriaticum. Lower. — Causticum, Phosphorus, Staphisagria, Sul])hur. Interior of. — Arnica, Natrum muriaticum, Phosphoric acid, Pul- satilla, Rhus, Staphisagria, 10 242 AFFECTIONS OF THE TEETH. Gums Swollen, — Aconite, Belladonna, Calearea, Chamomilla, Carbo vesetabilis, Caiisticum, Cinchona, Hepar, Lachesis, Natrum muri- aticum, Nux vomica, Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Sulphur. Painful, — Apis, Arsenicum, Calearea, Carbo vegetabilis, Causti- ciim, Lachesis, Mercuriiis, Nux moschata, !Xux vomica, Phospho- rus, Stapliisaffria, Sulphur. Bleeding'. — Belladonna, Calearea, Carbo vegetabilis, Causticiim, Lucliesis, Mercnrius, Nux moschata, Xux vomica, Phosphorus, Stiipliisagria, Sulphur. • Ulcerated. — Belladonna, Calearea, Carbo vegetabilis, Causticum, Hepar, Lachesis, Mercurius, Natrum muriaticum, Nux vomica. Phosphorus, Staphisagria, Silicea. Pressing'. — Aconite, Arnica, Bryonia, Carbo vegetabilis, Causticum, Cin- chona, Hyoscyamus, Ignatia, Natrum muriaticum, Nu.x moschata, Nux vomica, Phosphorus, Rhus, Silicea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. In'Wards. — Khus, Staphisagria. ■ Outward.— Phosphorus. Asunder. — Phosphoric acid. As if from Congestion of blood, as if the teeth were too close. — Aconite, Arnica, Belladonna, Chamomilla, Calearea, Cin- chona, Coffea, Jlepar, Hyoscyamus, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla. As if Pulled, lifted out or wrenched.— Arnica, Causticum, Nu.K moschata, Nux vomica, Phosphoric acid, Rhus. Too Long. — Arnica, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia; Calearea, Carbo vegetabilis, Cavslicum, Chamomilla, Hyoscyamus, Lachesis, Na- trum muriaticum, Nux vomica, Rhus, Silicea, Sulphur. Loose, — Arnica, Arsenicum, Bryonia, Carbo vegetabilis, Causticum, Cham- omilla, Cinchona, Hepar, Hyoscyamus, Ignatia, Mercurius, Na- trum muriaticum, Nux moschata, Nux vomica, Phosphorus, Pul- satilla, Rhus, Staphisagria, Sulphur. As if too Loose. — Arsenicum, Bryonia, Hyoscyamus, Mercurius, Rhus. Blunt or without feeling. — Aconite, Cinchona, Dulcamara, Ignatia Lachesis, Mercurius, Natrum muriaticum, Ifux moschata, Phos phorus. Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Silicea, Staphisagria, Sulphur As if Bruised, Ulcerated. — Arnica, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia Calearea, Carbo vegetabilis, Causticum, Ignatia, Natrum muriati- cum, Nux vomica, Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, Rhus. Burning. — Chamomilla, Mercurius, Natrum muriaticum, Nux vomica, Phosi,lionis, Pulsatilla, Rhus. Silicea, Sulphur. Gnawing, Scraping, Scratching on the Nerves.— Chamomilla, Nux voniic.-i, Rhus, St;ipliisagria. Digging. — Antiinoniuin crudum, Bryonia, Calearea, Cinchona, Ignatia. . Boring. — liclladdnna, Calearea, Lachesis, Mercurius, Natrum muriaticum. Phospliorus, PJKisplioric acid, Nux vomica, Silicea, Sulphur. Jerking, Twitching. — Apis, Antimonium crudum, Arsenicum, Bryonia, AFFECTIONS OF THE TEETH. 243 Belladonna, Calcjirea, Causticum, Cepa, Chamomilla, Cofiea, He- par, Hyoscyamus, Lachesis, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Pvhatilia, Rhus, Sulphur. Drawing, Tearing. — Antimonium crudum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Carbo •I Tefietabiiis, Calcarea, Cepa, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Glonoine, IIvDsoyaiiiiis, Lurhfcsis, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Phosphoric acid, Khii.sStaplii,vif;ria. Piercing. — AcDuile, Antimonium crudum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Calcarea, Causticum, ChainomiUa, Cinchona, Lachesis, Mercurius, Nux vom- ica, Nux raoschata, Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Silicea, Staphisagria. Beating, Pnlsating. — Aconite, Arnica, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Calcarea, Causticum, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Coffea, Glonoine, Hyoscyamus, Lachesis, Mercurius, Xatrum muriaticum, Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Staphisagria, Sulphur. Intermittent.— Belladonna, Bryonia, Chamomilla, Coffea, Calcarea, Cin- chona, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Silicea, Staphis- agria, i^iilphur. Constant, day and night. — Belladonna, Calcarea, Causticum, Natrum muriatioiiin, Silicea, Sulphur. Daring the day only, better in the night.— Mercurius. , none in the night. — Belladonna, Calcarea, Mer- curius, Nux vomica. , worse in bed, — .Vntimonium crudum, Mercurius. Worse in the night. — Aconitum, Antimonium crudum, Arsenicum, Bella- donna, Bryonia, Carbo vegetabilis, Chammnilla, -Cinchona, Coffea, Hepar, Hyoscyamus, Mercurius, Natrum muriaticum, Nux mosch- ata, Nu.x vomica, Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Silicea, Staphimgria, Sulphur. By night only, not during the AhJ.— Belladonna, Phosphorus. Most before midnight. — Bryonia, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Natrum mu- riaticum, Rhus, Sulphur. ■ after . — Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Carbo vegetabilis, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Mercurius, Natrum muriaticum, Phos- phoric acid, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Staphisagria, Sulphur. When awaking. — Belladonna, Carbo vegetabilis, Lachesis, Nux vomica. — See Sleep. In the morning. — Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Causticum, Carbo vegetabilis, Cinchona, Hyoscyamus, Ignatia, Natrum muriaticum, Nuz vomica. Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Staph- isagria, Sulphur. forenoon. — Carbo vegetabilis, Causticum, Natrum muriaticimi, Nux vomica, Staphisagria, Pulsatilla, Sulphur. At noon. — Cocculus, Rhus. Afternoon. — Calcarea, Causticum, Mercurius, A*h.t vomica, Phosplu)rus, PuUdiUa, Sulphur. 244 AFFECTIONS OF THE TEETH. Towards evening.— Pulsatilla. At night.— Autimoniiim cruduiii, Belladonna, Bryonia, Calcarea, Causti- cum, Hepar, Hyoscyamus, Ignatia, Mercuriius, iS^ux moschata, Nux vcjmica, Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, Rhus, .Staphisagria, Sulphur. Every other day. — ChamomiUa, Natnun nuiriaticum. Every seventh day. — Arsenicum, Phospliorus, .Sulpliur. In Spring. — Aci.uitum, Belladonn.i, Bryonia, t'aliaiea, Carbo vegetabilis, Dulcamara, Lachesis, Natruiu muriaticuni, Xux yomica,, Pulaatilla, Khus, Silicea, Sulphur. In Summer. — Antimonium crudum, Belladnnna, Bryonia, Calcarea, Carbo vegetabilis, ChamomiUa, Lachesis, Xatrum nun-iaticum, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla. In Autumn. — Bryonia, Cinchona, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Nux moschata, Rhus. In Winter. — Aconitum, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Calcarea, Carbo vegetabilis, Causticum, ChamomiUa, Dulcamara, Hepar, Hyoscya- mus, Ignatia, Mercurius, Nux moschata, Nux vomica, Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Silicea, Sulphur. Caused by Damp night-air.— Nux moschata. Damp air.— Mercurius. Cold, damp weather.— Cepa, Nux moschata, Bhus. Keen, CUttiag wind.— Aconitum, Silicea. • Wind.— Aconitum, I'ulsaiilla, Rhus, .Silicea. Draught. — Belhuloima, t'alcarea, Cinc/iona, Sulphur. Taking cold. — Aconitum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Calcarea, Causticum, ChamomiUa, Cinchona, Coffea, Dulcamara, Ignatia, Hyoscyamus, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Nux mosch(}ta. Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Stapliisagria, Sulphur. Taking cold, when overheated.— Glonoine, Rhus. , by getting wet — BeUadonna, Calcarea, Causticum, Hepar, Laclicsis, Nux moschata, Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Sulphur. Suppressed Perspiration.- ChamomUla, Rhus. Worse from Cold air. — Belladonna, Calcarea, Hyoscyamus, Mercurius, Nux moscliata, Nux vomica, Silicea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. in the mouth. — .\conitum, BeUadonna, Bryonia, Calcarea, Caus- ticum, Ilyiisi yamiis, ^^,rellrilcs, Nux moschata, Nux vomica, Pli(is|ili(iriis, I'lilsatilla, Silicea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. Opening of the Mouth. Hrvcnia, Cliamomilla, Causticum, Hepar, Nux vomica, Phosphoru.s, Pulsatilla. Breathing.— Pulsatilla. Drawing air into the Mouth.— Antimonium crudum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Calcarea, Causticum, Hepar, Mercurius, Natrum muri- aticuni, Nux moschata, Phosphorus, Silicea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. AFFECTIONS OF T^IE TEETH. 245 I Cold washing. — Antimonium crudum, Bryonia, Cakarea, Chamoniilla, Mercurius, Nux mosc/uita, Kux vomica, Pulsatilla, Elms, Silicea, Stapliisagria, Sulphur. Eating cold things. — Bnonia, Calcarea, Chamoniilla, Nux vomica, Pul- satilla, Rhus, Staphisagria, Sulphur. Drinking cold things. — Bryonia, Calcarea, Chamomilla, C'austicum, Hepar, Lachesis, ]\Iercurius, Natrum muriaticum, Nux moschata, Niix vomica, Pulsatilla, Silioea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. Rinsing the Mouth with Cold Water.— Sulphur. Cold in general. — Arsenicum, Antimonium crudum, Calcarea, Carbo vegetabilis, Mercurius, Natrum muriaticum, Nux moschata, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Phosphoric acid, Rhus, Silicea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. In the open air. — Belladonna, Calcarea, Causticum, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Hyoscyamiis, Merciu-ius, Nxtx moschata, Nux vomica, Phosphonts, Pulsatilla, ii'/iHs, Staphisagria, Sulphur. Staying. — Bclhulnnna, Bryonia, Chamomilla, Hyoscyamus, Mer- curius, Nux vomica. Phosphoric acid, Staphisagria, Sulphur. Walking. — Nux vomica. Phosphorus, Staphisagria. In a Room. — Apis, Antimonium crudum, Chamomilla, Hepar, Nux vom- ica, Pulsalilh, Sulphur. after coming out of the open air.— Phosphorus. In a warm Room. — liryonia, Cepa, Chamomilla, Hepar, Nux vomica, Phosphoric ,acid, Pulsatilla. Warmth of Stove. — Arsenicum, Pulsatilla. External warmth. — Bryonia, Chamomilla, Hepar, Mercurius, Nux mos- chata, Nux vomica. Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Staphisagria, Sulphur. Warmth. — Bryonia, Calcarea, Carbo vegetabilis, Chamomilla, Coflea, Lachesis, Mercurius, Natrum muriaticum, Nux vomica. Phos- phoric acid, Pulsatilla, Silicea, Sulphur. Eating warm things. — Bryonia, Calcarea, Chamomilla, Nux vomica. Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, Silicea. Something hot. — Belladonna, Cakarea, Phosphoric acid. Drinking warm things. — Bryonia, Chamomilla, Lachesis, Mercurius, Nux moschata, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Klins, Silicea. Warmth of bed.— Belladonna, Bryonia, Clianinmill:!, M.ivurius, Nux vomica, Phosphorus, Pho.sphoric acid. I'iiImiIiIIh, Kliiis. Getting warm in bed. — Chamoniilla, Mercurius, I'hosjiln.ilc acid. Phos- phorus, Pulsatilla. Drinking. — Chamomilla, Calcarea, Causticum, Lachesis, Mercurius, Pul- satilla, Rhus, Silicea. Cold or warm.— Lachesis. Water. — Bryonia, Calcarea, Carbo vegetabilis, Chamomilla, Mer- curius, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Silicea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. 246 AFFECTIONS OF THE TEETH. Drinking Wine. — Aconitum, Ignatia ; Xux vomica, for wine drinkers. Malt liquors. — Nux vomica, Elms. Coffee. — Belladonna, Carbo vegetabilis, Chamomilla, Cocculus, Ig- natia, Mereurius, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Khus. — Tea. — Cinchona, Coftea, Ignatia, Lacliesis. ' Smoking tobacco. — Bryonia, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Ignatia, Mereurius, >.'ux vomica. Salty things. — Carbo vegetabilis. Eating. — Antimonium crudum, Arnica, Belladonna, Bryonia, C'alc-area, Carbo veyelabills, Causticum, Chamomilla, Cocculus, Ilepar, Hyos- cyamus, Lachesis, Mereurius, Kux moschata, Xux vomica, Phos- phorus, Phosphoric add, Puhalilkt, Khus, Silicea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. Only while Eating. — Cocculus. After Eating. — Antinumium cnidum, BelUnfonna. Brwjina, Caicarea, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Cofiea, Ignalia, Lachesis, Mereurius^ Na- trum muriaiicum, Nux vomica, Khus, Slnpliisayria, Sulphur. Sometime after eating.— Belladonna. Chewing. — Arniia, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Carbo vegetabilis, Causticum, Ciiu-hiuM,, Cocculus, Coflea, Hyoseyamus, Ignalia, Mer- ciiriiis, Nulrum muriaiicum, Nux vomica. Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, PuhatiUa, Silieea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. Only while chewing. — Cinchona. S WaUo wiag. — St ap h isag ria. When moving the mouth. — Causticum Chamomilla, Mereurius, Nux Biting. — Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Caicarea, Carbo vegctabilLs, Causticum, Cinchona, Coflea, Hepar, Hyoscyamus, Lachesis, Jl/er- curim, Nux vomica. Phosphorus, Phosphoric acid, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Silieea, Staphisagria, Sulphur. ' — ■ something soft. — Veratrum. soft food.— Cocculus. hard food.— Mereurius. Touched by the food (teeth).— Belladonna, Ignatia, Nux vomica, Phos plinrus, Stajiliisugria. When touched by crumb of bread.— Nux vomica, Staphisagria. Picking the teeth.— Pulsatilla. Cleaning the teeth.— Carbo vegetabilis, Lachesis, Phosphoric acid, Sia- ph isagria. Touching the teeth.— Antimonium crudum, Arnica, Arsenicum, Bella- donna, Bryonia, Caicarea, Carbo vegetabilis, Causticum, China, Cofiea, Hepar, Ignatia, Mereurius, Natrum muriaiicum, Nux moschata, Nux vomica, Phosphorus, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Staphisagria, Sulphur. with the tongue.— f'arbo vegetabilis, Cinchona, Ignatia, Mer- eurius, Phosphorus, Khus. AFFECTIONS OF THE TEETH. 247 Touching the teeth, even very sofilj.—SM6o fcje^oiiVis for pressing outwards ; Cal- carea for stinging. It is still better to consult a physician. SEA-SICKNESS. Opium has given the quickest relief, and may be re- peated whenever the symptoms increase. In some cases ('(H-ndux is better. Petroleum is always to be given if Coc- culus does not relieve. Nux vomica will often be of service. AFFECTIONS OF THE STOMACH. ^Il especially if the stomach was disordered before going on board, or is so by the manner of living on board ship. Owing to the differences in the constitutions of persons they are ditferently affected by the motion of the ship, some becoming easily accustomed to it, others with greater difficulty, and others again, not at all. Hence the remedies must be adapted to the constitutional pecu- liarities from which the sickness arises. Some persons are benefited by drinking brandy and water, and others by eating raw ham highly peppered. In most cases benefit will be derived by taking as much exercise as possible, forcing one's self to eat, and placing blotting paper soaked in rum, brandy, or whisky, on the l)it of the stomach. In cases of severe headache with de- .sire for sour, hearty food, give Sepia. PAIN, CRAMP OR SPASM OF THE STOMACH. The following remedies m.iy be tried, and will sometimes alleviate the complaint. From time to time a talilespoonful of milk may be swallowed ; and the region of the stomach rubbed with warm olive or linseed oil. Some are relieved by swallowing a spoonful of linseed oil. Sometimes relief is olitaiued by taking weak chicken broth, sometimes from the application to tlie region of the stomach of a sheet of blotting paper wet with rum. The same persons, however, will find great relief from taking Niix vomica, if they will only refrain from the use of ardent spirits and coffee, and even avoid smelling them. A few handfuls of common, roa.sted oatmeal may be placed warm upon the stomach in a small bag=— the meal must not be quite ius brown as coffee. This is very useful when the patient has before taken o|)iiim or laudanum, and, as usual, the complaint has been thereby aggra- vated. Nux vomica helps coffee or l)randy drinkers, when they abstain from taking these drinks ; the pain in the stomach is contracting, or pressing, the clothes seem too tight, or there appears to be a collection of wind on the left side under the ribs, worse after eating, after rising early, some- times disturbing the patient in his sleep. These pains are Z/» AFFECTIONS OF THE STOMACH. sometimes accompanied by oppression of the cliest, as if a band encircled it; sometimes it extends to the back be- tween the shoulders and to the small of the back. The pains are frequently attended by nausea or accumulation of water in the mouth ; or sour, bitter, burning fluid rises in the throat ; vomiting of food ; sour, i>utrid taste in the mouth ; flatulency ; distension of the abdomen, and con- stipation. Sometimes it is accompanied by one-sided headache, pressing pain in the forehead, or palpitation of the heart and anxiety. If Nux vomica produces but tem- porary improvement, and the complaint returns again in a few days, a dose of Pulsatilla, Chamomilla, or Ignalia — whichever seems best adapted to the s}'mptonis — must be given. If after this the symptoms return, Nux vomica may be repeated again, but if this is not sufiicieut, Carlo vcgeta- bilis may be given. If drinking coffee aggravates the complaint, Nux vomica will be the proper remedy ; if the pain is relieved by it, Chamomilla. Chamomilla will also be indicated when there is a press- ure in the stomach as from a stone ; when the pit of the stomach and the parts immediately under the ribs on the left side are so distended as to cause great anxiety and shortness of breath. The symptoms are worse during the night; the patient is extremely uneasy and agitated, tosses about in the bed, and sweats profusely ; sometimes he is troubled with a throbbing pain on top of the head which drives him out of bed. The pain in the stomach is some- what alleviated when he draws himself up, and lies per- fectly quiet. When the pains are very violent, give Coffea, and afterwards, if necessary, Chamomilla. If Chamomilla is of but little use, give Belladonna. Cramp of the stomach during menstruation can gener- ally be cured by Nux vomica or afterwards by Chamomilla; but if the discharge is very scanty, Pulsatilla or Cocculus. Cocculus is indicated when Nux vomica gives some re- AFFECTIONS OF THE STOMACH. 279 lief, but the jjaiii returns very soon, and is accompanied Ly hard evacuations, or no movement of the bowels ; when tlic pain in the stomach is accompanied by a pressing, contracting pain extending over the abdomen, alleviated by the discharge of wind ; when there is some sickness of the stomach, and collection of water in the mouth without heartburn; when the patient is not irritable, angry, or violent (in which case you would give Nux vomica), but rather sullen and taciturn. Aconite for violent pain ; the pit of the stomach being distended and very sensitive to pressure, even to the touch ; vomiting all the food taken, at last empty retching; coated tongue, the edges or tip red ; the abdomen hot ; feet cold. Belladonna, when Aconite gives only partial relief, espe- cially in women and persons who are delicate and sensi- tive; when there is a gnawing pressure or a spasmodic tension of the stomach which obliges the patient to lean back or to hold his breath, by which the pain is also miti- gated ; when the pain always returns after dinner ; when it is so violent as to deprive the patient of consciousness, or make him faint. It is mostly accompanied by thirst, and drinking increases the pain ; evacuations tardy and small ; the patient cannot sleep at niglit. Should the suffering grow worse after this, with great thirst, the tip of the tongue being dry, give Bhus ; should this also fail, give Arsenicum. Bryonia for the same kind of pressure as Chamomilla, particularly when it commences during meals, or immedi- ately afterwards, and the j^it and region of the stomach feel as if swollen; sometimes the pressure changes to a contracting, pinching or cutting pain, which is relieved by pressing upon the stomach, or by eructations of wind ; the j)ains are aggravated by motion (the opposite in Cln- chona). The.se symptoms are attended with constipation, and a pressure in the temples, the forehead or back part of the head, as if the bones of the head were being forced 280 AFFECTIONS OF THE STOMACH. , asunder, which is better when pressed hard or tied tight with a handkerchief. Pulsatilla, when the pains are of a piercing character ; are worse when walking, particularly on making a false step, and always accompanied by nausea or vomiting ; the evacuations loose ; no thirst, except during the most vio- lent pains ; also when there is great tension of the stomach, with pinching pain, or violent throbbing, with anxiety ; griping pain, diminished by eating, or the symptoms are made worse by eating; the pain being pressing and pinch- ing. This remedy is most suitable for persons of a mild, gentle disposition, or if cake or rich, fat food was the cause. Nux moschata, pressure in the stomach, which feels full and distended ; a feeling of satiety after eating only a lit- tle ; after eating, feels very bad and uncomfortable, short of breath ; headache after eating too much ; headache always after breakfast or immediately after eating and drinking, cramp and pain in the bowels; offensive breath, white-coated tongue ; the patient likes to sit in the house and feels drowsy from it. Ignatia, when Pulsatilla is insufficient and the com- plaints continue for several days; the pains resemble those of Nux vomica, but are without the hard stools and with less vomiting; also when there is pressure in the upper part of the stomach after every meal, or in the lower part of the throat. It is suitable in cases brought on by insufficient food or starvation. It is particularly indicated when the stomach feels as if it was hanging on a thread. Cinchona for spasm of the stomach in debilitated per- sons, brought on by using emetics or cathartics, being bled or cupped frequently, or by profuse loss of blood in any way, or by salivation or loss of fluids by other means. It is of the first importance in pain occurring in women who are nursing, or who are debilitated by nursing their children too long; or from excessive secretion and flow AFFECTIONS OF THE STOMACH. 281 of milk. Bdladonna will follow it in these cases advan- tageousl}'. Cinchona must, therefore, be given first, when women have spasm of the stomach from nursing, particu- larly when much milk runs away (here Belladonna is to be given afterwards), or when they continue nursing too long, that is, more than nine months ; in the latter case the child ought to be weaned. Generally, when the di- gestion is not good, with too great a secretion of mucus, and acidity in the stomach; when the stomach feels sore; when meat and drink cause pressure and inflation of the stomach, and if the pains are worse when the patient is at rest, and better when in motion. Cinchona will be the best remedy. Carbo vegetahilis, particularly when Nax vomica has proved useful, but only for a short time ; when there is a burning pain, or constant, painful, anxious pressure, worse when touched ; or with a contracting, spasmodic sensation, forcing the patient to bend, taking away his breath, and aggravated by lying down. Frequently accompanied by heartburn and nausea; loathing at the very thought of food ; constipation. Calcarea, in chronic cases, or when Belladonna has been of temporary benefit ; for oppressive, cutting, contractive, spasmodic, pinching, choking pains, with a feeling of anx- iety; worse after eating; frequently attended by vomiting of food, and worse at night; with pain from external press- ure ; it is particularly suitable for women whose monthly sicknesses are, or have been, too early and very co{>ious ; or for those who bleed much from the nose. Phosphorus for violent pressure in the stomach, some- times worse when empty, and sometimes worse after eating. Caufstlciim for ]iains in the stomach after swallowing food or drink wliicii was too liot. Inflammation of stomach — see "Inflammation of Ab- domen." ^O^ AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. CHAPTER X. AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. COLIC. It may be excited by acid fruits and indigestible food; by catching coH from changes of weatlier, wet feet, exposure, etc.; also by drinking cold water or other cold beverages when heated; by worms; by the action of lead on the body, as met with frequently in painters, plumbers, and other workmen who come in contact with lead; also in persons who have drunk wine adulterated with metallic poisons, or who are in the habit of using water which flows through leaden pipes. See Part I, Chapters VI, VII and VIII, on the treatment of those injured by lead or paints, etc. It may be necessary to consult "Colic" in Part I, and also "Spasms of the Stomach," in the preceding chapter. Chamomilla is suitable for children, also for grown per- sons when, besides the symptoms given under the head of "Pain in the Bowels," in Part I, blue circles appear around the eyes ; when there is much saliva in the mouth, tear- ing pain around the navel, and a feeling in the small of the back as if it were broken; if Chamomilla does not answer, give Pulsatilla. Chamomilla is also suitable for wind pent up in different parts of the abdomen, with a sensation as if it were going to escape there; stitches through the chest; distention under the ribs and in the pit of the stomach ; great agitation, uneasiness, and clammy perspiration ; rattling and rumbling in th.e ab- domen ; frequent inclination to stool, with small, slimy, watery evacuations; after violent indignation ; if it is not sufficient, give Colocynth. Nux vomica, when there is con,stipation or difficult evac- uations, a sensation as of a weight in the abdomen, with rolling and grumbling, and great heat; the pains are pinching, drawing, compressing, as if the intestines were pressed here and there by stones; oppression in the pit of the stomach; the abdomen is painful when touched and AFFFX'TIOXS OF THE ABDOMEN. 283 tense ; the breath short and difficult — a general feeling of fulness, the parts under the ribs feel as if stufifed ; during the most violent paroxysms of pain, the hands and feet are cold ; sometimes the patient is deprived of conscious- ness ; pain and flatulency deeply seated in the abdomen ; a strong pressure on the bladder and rectum as from a blunt knife, as if the wind must escape there ; the pain makes the patient double himself up, and is worse at every step. (See Belladonna.) Better when at rest, when sitting and lying. Generally attended by violent headache and pain in the small of the back. A number of these symp- toms are attributed by ignorant persons to some obstruc- tion, which they think must be removed by aperient medi- cines. Refer also to " Constipation." Mercurius, for violent, twisting colic ; the region around the navel is hard ; jerking pain externally in the walls of the abdomen, which is inflated and hard ; crawling in the throat, hiccoughing, voracious appetite, aversion to sweets ; nausea, with water rising in the throat, straining evacua- tions, or tension and burning around the navel, increased flow of saliva, eructations, diarrhoea, evacuation of slime, great debility ; worst attacks of colic about midnight — if Mercurius does not quickly relieve the patient, and the above symptoms are attended with itching of the nose, give Cina; if this does not aflect a complete cure, Sulphvr. Pulsatilla, when there is stinging pain in the bowels, M-ith throbbing in the pit of the stomach, a disagreeable tightness in the back part of tlie abdomen, as if it were too full ; growling and rumbling ; the wind cannot be got rid of; warmth and distension of the abdomen, which makes the patient feel anxious; general heat, the veins on the hands and forehead are swelled, the patient is forced to take off" his clothes on account of the heat and tight- ness, the abdomen is painful when touched, as if bruised ; all the symptoms are worse when lying down, somewhat better when walking about ; when rising, the small of the 284 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. back aches as if bruised; also, with the pinching, cut- ting pains, worse on being touched ; tearing and sliooting above the navel ; uneasiness, heaviness in the belly, with painful tension, when touched it aches; qualmishness; white, frothy saliva in the mouth; diarrhoea; yellow, gray evacuations, with violent pains in the stomach ; pale face, blue circles around the eyes (see Cliamomilla) ; con- tractions of the whole body (see Nux vomica, Belladonna, Colocynthis, Pulsatilla); pressing, tensive headache. When caused by an overloaded stomach, first give cofiee without milk, and afterwards, if necessary, Pulsatilla; if that does not cure the complaint, give Belladonna. Aconitum, in cases like the last mentioned, when in ad- dition the bladder is afiected, the patient has violent pains in the region of the bladder, with spasmodic pains, draw- ing inwards, and a constant inclination to make water — the urine, however, does not pass; these symptoms are accompanied by nervousness and uneasiness, and the ab- domen is excessively sensitive. Afterwards, if necessary, give Nux vomica or Cepa. Colocynthis is the principal remedy for colic. It is to be given when the pains are very violent, constant, or only cease for a short time, and then recommence with greater violence; when the most violent pain is confined to a small spot about the navel, and returns periodically every five or ten minutes (see Belladonna); or when it commences on the side with a slight drawing pain, tending towards tlie centre, which increases gradually, and at last changes to a jamming, pressing, or boring and tearing pain, so vio- lent, that the patient cries and shrieks aloud, twists about like a worm, is covered with perspiration, presses the ab- domen with his hands, pushes furiously against the bed- posts or corners of the tables, etc., lies on his face and places pillows under himself, and tries every way to get some ease. Persons who have previouslj- suH'ere<_l from these attacks AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 285 for several days, or periodically., and have taken laudanum, which causes the attacks to return the sooner, may, when they feel the least symptoms of an attack, take Colocynthis ; it is also most suitable wlien former attacks have weak- ened the intestines, which feel as if every part were bruised, and hanging on threads, which might break at every step. In all such cases Colocynthis is a certain remedy and its use should be persisted in. If the first dose does not give immediate relief, and if the complaint gets worse, give coffee without milk, a teaspoonful at a time, which may be repeated as long as it alleviates the pain ; if it grows worse again, give another dose of Colocynthis, alternating it with the coffee, until the pain ceases. If, after taking one dose of Colocynthis, the pain increases no longer, but there is a slow improvement, dispense entirely with the coffee, and let the medicine act as long as there is any improvement, or until the disease is cured. The second dose is generally sufficient, almost always the third; in the worst cases, I never found it necessary to give more. For any of the remaining symptoms, give Causticum. When the patient has taken laudanum, a drug most in- jurious in this complaint, although very commonly taken, give coffee first and then Colocynthis. If that does not an- swer, try Staphysagria, and then again Colocynthis. There are, however, some cases of violent colic which Colocynthis will not cure, and in which one of the following remedies, particularly Belladonna, must be given. Belladonna, when, during the pain, a thick, sausage-like swelling protrudes across the abdomen, and when bend- ing over, or pressing upon it gives some relief; when the pain is griping and bearing down, as if the intestines were about falling out ; the sj* mptoms getting worse when the patient is up and walking about ; particularly when the stools are thin and pus-like. In the latter case, Mercurins frequently removes the remaining symptoms. Belladonna suits, generally, when the face becomes very red, the blood 286 AFFECTION'S OF THE ABDOMEN. rushes into the head, the veins are swelled, and the pains so violent that the patient is almost distracted. Also, for pains below the navel, when there is griping, as if pro- duced by taking hold of the parts with the finger nails, and when it is accompanied by pains in the small of the back. Cocculus for pains similar to tho.se described under Nux vomica, particularly when there is a contraction in the ab- domen with a downward and outward pressure, attended with some nausea; or when wind passes without relief, because more is constantly accumulating and is lodged in different places causing pain (see Chamomilla); or there is a large accumulation of flatus in the stomach and intes- tines, causing great distention of the upper part of the ab- domen, and pain with noise and pinching in the stomach, and with anxiety and pressure under the ribs, all of which symptoms disappear as soon as the wind passes upwards. Cepa for the most violent colic either after catching cold, particularly from wet feet, or from eating cucum- bers, salads, or from eating too much ; commencing in the region of the liver and extending through the whole abdomen, most painful about the navel; getting worse when sitting ; better when walking about, particularly if this causes the passing of foetid flatus, with much rum- bling ; worse after eating and drinking, particularly after coffee ; but for this remedy the pain must always be worst on the left side or there must be a pressure in the region of the bladder, with much urging to pass water and to go to stool, with emission of foetid flatus. Cinchona is suitable for flatulent colic, resembling that described under Chamomilla and Coccuhis ; but when the intestines are first contracted in the lower part of the abdomen, and press outward with oppressive and tensive pain, with tension under the short ribs, and agitation; particularly in the night ; in debilitated persons, or after profuse sweats, or in women who are nursing. AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 287 Ignatia frequently relieves colic which awakens the pa- tient out of sleep ; when there are shooting pains, which extend into the chest and sides, when the wind is dis- charged with much difficulty, after which the pains moderate; it is suitable for sensitive females. When the colic commences in the evening, and the flatulency causes nausea and vomiting, Pulsatilla is better. Colic, preceded by a bitter taste, a yellowish, coated tongue, much thirst, which, as the saying is, is caused by bile, attended sometimes by vomiting of bile, or bilious evacuations, may generally be cured by Chamomilla ; or in bad cases by ColocijntJds, and when these remedies do not suffice, by Sulphur. FLATULENCY. Flatulency, or a collection of wind in the intestines, often causes colic, the remedies for wliich liave already been mentioned. If the wind does not pass at all, and the abdomen becomes swollen as if it would burst, give Carbo vcgetabills. When it does not cause violent pain, but heat, uneasiness, and inflation of the abdomen, inter- fering with the breathing, which is frequently the case after taking flatulent food, beer, etc., or from drinking water after eating fat meat, give Oinchona, and afterwards, if required, to choleric persons, Nux vomica; to quiet, mild- tempered persons, Pulsatilla, if Cinchona does, not give re- lief If there is a collection of wind which distends the entire abdomen, and rumbling pains, worse on the left side, also in the left groin, as if a rupture were strangu- lated there, give Cepa. If it returns often, give Lycopo- dium, and if this is not sufficient, Sulphur; should this also fail, consult a homceopathic practitioner. AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. INFLAMMATION OF THE STOMACH AND BOWELS. The treatment of these diseases by domestic remedies, and that of the old school physicians are alike injurious. It is impossible to provide here for all cases, but it will always be better to go by the rules here laid down, than to resort to violent treatment. If a homoeopathic practitioner can be had, it is always better to consult him. An inflammation of this kind may be supposed to exist, when a burn- ing, sometimes a stinging or tearing pain is felt in any part of the abdomen, which is very tender when pressed upon, and aches at every motion or movement, such as coughing, sneezing, laughing, etc. The part is some- times tense and swollen; when it is near the chest, it produces difficulty of breathing, particularly of inspiration ; it is mostly accompanied by vomit- ing or by eructation, which gives no relief, also by constipation. The lat- ter symptom induces many persons to take aperient medicines, wliicli, in this affection, are absolute poisons; the former, to take emetics, which may cause death. The abdomen should be left perfectly undisturbed; the drink should be water, and from time to time some mucilaginous articles and milk — nothing else whatever ; the constipation will last until- the inflam- mation is removed. When the patients are recovering, and begin to eat, the evacuations will recommence of their own accord. In the most danger- ous cases, where no evacuation of tlie bowels took place for fifteen day.s, the patients recovered nc)twilli.-.t;miIiiiL;-, and regained their strength rapidly. Besides the above syiiipiMins, ih. r.- are in some cases the following; the face is pale, grayish, siiiil.. ii ; tin r.- i.^ violent fever, but a weak pulse, the mind very much dejectuii aiil a-itatcii. When the disease is at its height, the vomiting and the pains are lioth very violent, the patient is exceed- ingly weak; the extremities colli, liiccough sets in, and the abdomen is greatly distended, and extremely sensitive. When the disease attacks the stomach, the pain is generally in the pit of the stomach, extending under the ribs and towards the back, or through the abdomen ; eating and drinking are immediately succeeded by vomit- ing; with violent thirst, there is sometimes an aversion to water. When the seat of the disease is in any otiier part of the abdomen the pain is felt there and the abdomen is hot, the vomiting does not take place for some time after eating or drinking; the abdomen is swollen and tender, the patient complains of intense burning heat, in the whole or some ]iart of it. There is also usually great thirst, constipation, etc. Aconitum will in most cases be required at the com- mencement. It may be repeated every hour, until there is some improvement, or until an ajTgravation of the symptoms renders the selection of one of the following remedies necessary. AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 289 Ipecacuanha, wln'ii the pains are worse in the front part of the abdomen, and extend to the left side under the ribs whence they spread along the ribs towards the back or the abdomen, with swelling in the region of the stomach, great agitation, and much vomiting, after which he feels worse rather than better. AnfimoJiium crudum will be preferable to Ipecacuanha if the tongue is covered M'ith a white or yellowish coating. Pulsatilla, or Nux vomica, if the disease Avas produced by a disordered stomach. Bryonia, after Aconitum or Ipecacuanha, when the jiain and fever are very violent, and the complaint has been caused by taking cold, particularly by drinking cold water when the patient was overheated; when it is no longer eflieacious, give Kux vomica. When the jjatient seems stupefied, or speaks disconnectedly, or is not aware how ill he is, give Hyoscyamus ; if it does not give relief, give Belladonna. If the extremities become cold, and the j)atient is evidently sinking, the face becoming very pale, or otherwise much altered, give Veratrum; if this proves unavailing, Arsenicum. After Arsoiinnn, Aconitum may in many cases be given and th( n J/M/^/cwm once more, giving them in this manner alUTnatcly. If Arsenicum makes the complaint worse, give JVux vomica. When the pain is worse on the left side, under the ribs, whence it extends downward, there is generally in the be- ginning, vomiting of blood. If the fever is violent, give Aconite, but do not wait until it is much worse, give Cin- chona and whenever the pain increases give another dose of it. This will relieve in the majority of cases. Arnica may be given for the above symptoms if Aco- nitum and Cinchona are insufficient, and the pains are more of a pressing or shooting character, and render the breatliing difficult and painful — also when the attacks re- semble more tho.se of typhus fever — the patient, quite in- different, dull and stujiid, is insensible to his suffering, 19 290 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. and insists that there is nothing the matter with him. Nuz vomica may be given with advantage after the above remedies, when the disease has continued for some time, without much improvement, and there is a dull pressure on the stomach with constipation. Bryonia, in cases where there are acute pains in the stomach and abdomen, in- creased by the least motion ; and constipation. Arsenicum, when there is diarrhoea, with a discharge of much blood, without alleviating the pains ; or when they are violent and burning, and the patient is very weak. When the disease assumes a periodic character, is worse every other day, give Cinchona. When the pain is more under the ribs, on the right side, toward the front, extending up or down, give one of the following remedies : CJiamoinilla, if the pains are dull, and not increased by external pressure, nor by turning or inspiration, and when there is pressure on the stomach, tension inider the ribs, difficulty of breathing, a yellow tongue, bitter taste, yel- lowish skin and paroxysms of anxiety and agitation ; when these paroxysms become more frequent, principally during the night, and are attended with green, slimy diar- rhoea and sickness of the stomach, give Pulsatilla; if, on the contrary, the bowels are constipated, the skin less yel- low, but the chest more affected, give Bryonia. Mercurius for pressing pain, which does not allow the patient to lie on the right side, with bitter taste in the mouth, more thirst than hunger, constant chilliness, very yellow skin and eyes; sometimes it may be alternated with Belladonna, or, in critical cases, ■ndth Lachesis. Belladonna for pressing pains which extend to the chest and shoulders ; when the pit of the stomach is distended, with tension above the navel and across the abdomen ; difficulty of breathing and nervousness, attended by de- termination of blood to the head, with dimness before the eyes, and giddiness almost to fainting, frequently accom- AFFECTIONS OP THE ABDOMEN. 291 panic'l by violent thii'st, uneasy tossing about, and sleep- lessness. If no improvement fallows its use during twenty- ibur hours, give Lacliesis, and rejieat it as often as the complaint gets worse; when Lacliesis ceases to act favor- iibly, give Bdladonna again, or select another remedy. Nux vomica for acute pain, sometimes attended with throbbing and stitches, the part affected being very sen- sitive to the touch ; sour or bitter taste ; nausea or vomit- ing; oppression and shortness of breath, as if the clothes were too tight, while the removal of them rather aggra- vates the sensation than otherwise ; thirst, red urine, op- pres.sive headache. Sulphur may be given after Nux vomica, if there should be but little or no improvement from the latter — and the stinging pains continue. And also after the other reme- dies recommended when they afford no immediate, or only partial relief. If the disease is worse every other day, give Cinchona, as prescribed for pains in the left side. When the pain is more in the abdomen, in the middle or lower part, and is aggravated by motion or pressure, and the most painful part is distended, give Aconitum. If this gives no relief, and the abdomen continues to be sensitive to the touch, give Lachcsis; if this fails, give Belladonna. In some cases, Hyoscyamus, Bryonia, Nux vomica, Arsenicum, and sometimes Mercurius may do good — the latter particularly after Lachesi,^. Refer to what has been previously said of these medicines in this chapter. All aperients ought to be carefully avoided in this com- plaint, though it is mostly attended by obstinate constipa- tion — the less this is interfered with the sooner will the patient be restored to perfect health ; if he takes cathartics or emetics, he may die in consequence, or they may pro- duce a chronic malady which is difficult to cure. In this complaint it is, therefore, a good sign when the bowels are constipated, and a very bad sign when the evacuations become thin, and still worse when they pass involun- 292 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. tai'ily. Even in tliis dangerous stage of the disease, Hyos- ajamiia may sometimes save the j^atient. Children are frequently subject to attacks of this kind ; when tlie pit of the stomach and the parts under the ribs become distended by pain in the abdomen, give Chamo- milla or Mercwrius. See also " Diseases of Children." DETERMINATION OF BLOOD TO THE ABDOMEN. This affection consists of a troublesome sensation of heat and burning in the abdomen, attended with hard- ness, tension, dull pain, and symptoms as if arising from a surfeit, without any excess having been committed. Hypochondriacs, persons who are of sedentary habits, or those who have the piles, are most liable to it. The prin- cipal remedy is Sulphur. If, however, it is accompanied by pains in the small of the back, as if it would break, with a feeling of great weakness in that region, rendering it almost impossible to walk, Nux vomica will be prefera- ble. If accompanied by diarrhoea with small, soft, slimy or watery evacuations. Capsicum should be given ; or, if attended with diarrhosa and great prostration of strength, Arscnicam. In addition to the above, the following reme- dies may be serviceable: Belladonna, Veratrum, Pulsatilla, Bryonia, Chamomilla, Rhiis. See also " Piles." WORMS. Many complaints are a.scribed to worms wliich arise from very different causes. When cliildren liave been fed upon pap, cakes, and similar arti- cles of a hurtful nature, or when the mother, wliilst nursiiiL:, cveilouds Iut stomach with meat, fish, salted and fat things, particuhirly wiih ].i.s. tin- children must necessarily become sick in consequence, or n |,ifiii,-.|.(isiiioii to sickness be induced. If the children are kept too warm, set little out- door air, and, besides this, are dosed with vermifuges, injections, purga- tives, etc., the worms cannot fail to prosper and increase. When children are supposed to have worms, the first thing to be looked to is a rational mode of living, by which means the worms will soon di- AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 293 minish, and if symptoms of the complaint remain, the remedies will after- wards prove the more effective. Most persons are by far too much afraid of tliese little creatures, which are not nearly so noxious as the remedie.s usually prescribed for them, and particularly as the nostrums advertised in tlie newspapers. Simple persons believe in these things, and pay for the trash, when, if they knew what they or their chiklren were swallowing, tlicy would rather pay twice as much to keep it out of the house, to say notliing of their bodies. It is true, these things sometimes kill the worms, but too frequently they kill the children also, or affect the abdomen in such a manner that the con- seiiuences appear many years after. First, it is to be considered that almost all children have worms, sometimes before they are born, and that it is fre- quently a sign of a dangerous disease when these worms pass off spontane- ously; secondly, that what these worms subsist upon in the body is more luirtful than the worms themselves. Almost all the symptoms attributed to worms may arise from some general disease in the system, which has a tendency to increase them, especially if aided by an unwise mode of living. Wlien the worms have become very numerous they give rise to various complaints, which, joined to the symptoms of the original malady, some- times become dangerous. When the worms are expelled, the symptoms which they gave rise to, of course disappear, but the real disease may in- crease. Sometimes diseases subsequently make their appearance which are worse than the first, although slower in their operation, and perhaps not mani- festing themselves until the tenth or twelfth year. Expelling the worms is of no essential use. The remedies here prescribed will frequently cure the disease itself, and if there are really too many worms, which is but rarely the case, will remove them also. Children who have worms should have enough to eat, but not too much bread, very little salt, and few or no cakes or pies, but in preference a good deal of rijje, cooked or dried fruits, and in particular, carrots. When you are not certain of the existence of worms, and the child becomes emaciated, and vomits frequently, give first Ipecacuanha; but when the tongue is coated, Carho vegctahilis; if this has no effect, Pulsatilla; if the cliild has been much troubled with diarrhoea, or lias taken much aperient medicine, give Cinchona ; when the bowels are constipated,. iVux vomica. "When the child passes worms occasionally, picks its nose much, and the belly is distended, give Cina, which is one of the chief remedies for all complaints really aris- ing from worms. 294 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. For colic, caused by worms, with frequent inclination to vomit, when much water collects in the mouth, and the parts around the navel are hard, also when the whole ab- domen is hard and distended, with frequent iuelfectual straining to evacuate, or secretion of nothing but slime, give first Aconitum, some hours later, Oina; and if this is not sufficient, Mercurius. In all complaints caused by worms, Aconitum is of great use in the beginning, and if this and the other remedies mentioned above do not re- move them, Sulphur should be given, and will be found to be of great value, particularly after Mercurius. These remedies will generally effect a cure. In rare cases, at- tended with much thirst, sudden starting and fright. Bel- ladonna may be required. In very bad cases it maj' also be necessary to give Lachesis. Persons troubled with tape worm, discharge joints of this worm from time to time : these pieces are nearly square, quite flat, about as broad as the little finger. There is no sure sign of the existence of tape worms, except the dis- charge of j)ieces of this description, which generally pass atray about the new and full moon. Tape worms may frequently be destroyed by taking, when the moon is waning, two mornings successivelj', a dose of Sulphur, and at the next full moon, Mercurius, in the same way, and eight days after, Sulphur again twice ; repeat these remedies in the same order several times. Sometiuies the tape worm is discharged after taking a few doses of Calcarea. If this treatment docs not effect a cure, apply to a homoeopathic physician. For ascarides, the small worms which are found in the anus, see "Itching of the Anus." ITCHING OF THE ANUS. This troublesome affection may generally be cured by one or more of the following remedies : AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 295 Nux vomica will be applicable when the itching is seated . either internally or externally, is worse when sitting or moving, and also after taking stimulating food and drinks, and is accompanied M'ith pains, or dry piles, or moist and bleeding piles, or costivenoss ; also when caused by strong liquoi-s, beer or coffee ; or in people who lead a sedentary life; in pregnant females; when caused by little worms, which may upon looking be discovered moving about within the sphincter AconUum, if the itching arises from small worms, and Niix vomica is inefficient, and children are very uneasy during the night, and have fever. It should be given in the evening, or during the night, and, if ineffectual, fol- lowed by Ignatia in the morning. If the children are again troubled in this way, particularly after every full and new moon, give, when the moon is full, Sulphur, and Silicea when it is new. If the complaint should return at the next full moon, give Calcarea. Let the children eat no pork, very little salt, and as little pastry and few cakes as possible. If there should be no relief, notwithstanding the use of the above medicines, give Fnrum ; if diarrhoea makes its appearance, dispense with the medicine, and if the diarrhoea still continues, give Cinchona. While children are taking the above remedies {Sulphur, Calcarea, Silicea and Ferrum), nothing else is to be given, unless it be a dose or two of Aconitutn, to remove any febrile symptoms that may arise. The itching may be allayed by rubbing the parts with sweet oil, (ir in- jecting it, or by intnxlucing. a piece of bacon, about the size of a finger, attached to a string, into the anus; allowing it to remain there for ten or fifteen minutes, and then removing it. Injections of cold water every evening are also serviceable in many cases. Applications of this kind do not disturb the operation of the remedies. Wlien, however, all these means prove abortive, which may be the case with some children, in whom it is hereditary, try small injections of weak salt water, and if these fail, or cause diarrhfca, weak injections of water and vinegar. Lemon juice has often proved efficacious in allaying the itching, by applying it once or twice a day. 296 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. When the itching is caused by piles, swollen, red or bluish tumors at the anus, give the following remedies: Nux vomica, if, besides the itching, there is a burning and pricking sensation, the anus so contracted that the natural evacuations are effected with much difficulty, accompanied by dull shooting pains and jerking in the small of the back and around the anus, when moving; pain in the small of the back as from a bruise, which makes the patient cry out, and bend forward when walk- ing or sitting. Sometimes Ignatia will be better, accord- ing to the temperament of the patient. Compare " Head- ache," etc. Sulphur when, in addition to the itching, there is burn- ing, pain and soreness in and around the anus, with stitches; the tumors are moist; with a sensation of ful- ness and heaviness, and sometimes protrusion (prolapsus) of the anus ; constant straining to evacuate, or thin diar- rhoea mixed with blood, with violent stinging pains in the small of the back ; stiffness in the small of the back, or feeling of contraction. Should it grow worse after Sul- phur, give Aconitum, and should that also fail, let the pa- tient smell camphor. Apis for the worst kind of itching of the piles, for pierc- ing, burning and soreness. ' PROLAPSUS ANI. PROLAPSUS OF THE RECTUM. This is a protrucling or turning inside out of the large intestine; it oc- curs either every time the bowels are moved, or only when that is preceded or accompanied by much straining, or it takes place in sitting or walking. The intestine returns to its natural place when quietly Ij-ing down or it can be returned by the hand. To return the prolapsus, place the patient on his knees, separate the parts and put wet rags on the protruding intestine. If cold water pains, use warm water. If it does not now return by itself, take a very soft sponge, wrap it in a soft cloth, wet it, and press it on the protruding part slowly and steadily. Be in no hurry and be sure to make the pressure in the right direction. A very slow movement takes place in the intestine, alternately from above down and from downwards up, and AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 297 only during the latter motion will it return. If it luis not returned after about ten minutes and is cool and flabby, try tn Jln^h it back witli your tingere, which must be previously oiled or greased, and have no long or sharp nails. If it becomes red, swollen and inllamed do not try to return it, but put upon it cloths dipped in cold water and give the following medi- cines: to children, particularly when cutting teeth, wlio cry much and strain hard: Ignatia or Nux vomica according to their dispositions. If tlie intestine is much swollen, or is bluish-red, or bleeds and pains much when at stool, Mercuriiis, the next day lynatia; if the trouble remains after dysentery, Rata; if it protrudes when walking and looks bluish-red. Arnica ; for whitish-red swelling around the anus with much itching, Apis. In chronic cases in children, Calcarea is preferable. For grown persons if worse when walking, Sepia. HEMORRHOIDS, OR PILES. This is a disease which consists principally in the discharge of small quantities of blood at the anus every four or six weeks, preceded by more or less indisposition, and followed by a feeling of great relief. Very often other and more dangerous diseases are prevented by this complaint. Frequently the symptoms which precede the discharge, are very trouble- some. .Sometimes the discharge ceases in part or entirely, at others again so much blood is discharged that it becomes alarming ; tumors are fre- quently formed in the anus, which become very painful, particularly when no blood is discharged. Not unfrequently after a sudden suppression of piles a disease of a more dangerous character appears in their stead. For all these symptoms, medicines should be taken, and the manner of living be such as to prevent the disease from assiuning a more serious character. The patient should not sit much, particularly not on very soft cushions, except during the time the tumors protrude. He must avoid all ardent spirits, strong beer and coflee; drink water fieely, eat little meat and take plenty of exercise. The doctors of the old scliool rely almost entirely on operative means for the treatment of this aflection. Homceojjathic practitioners, however, possess medicines by whicli they cure these tumors without operating at all; but the more frequently the jiatient has been operated on, the more difficult it is to cure him, as the disease has tliereby become much more obstinate. Washing the parts with cold water, and injections of half a pint of colil water, once or twice a day, are beneficial when the piles do not bleed ; when they bleed, these means should not be resorted to, as they may sup- press the discharge. When they bleed too copiously, the water may, pcrliaps, be applied, without, however, neglectkig to take the medicines recommended. 298 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. Great care must be taken also in giving the injections; the water must not be too cold, the point of the syringe should be of wood, ivory, bone or vulcanized India rubber, not too thin, and widening towards the end, which ought to be nearly as thick as the point of the little linger ; before intro- ducing it, it should be first covered with fresh sweet oil, or with beef or mutton suet; introduce the pipe by slowly and gently turning it. The cut represents the nozzle in natural size. a. The ojjening; it must be perfectly smooth, b. Screw to fit into a flexible tube. d. Part around which the anus closes. Between the nozzle and the liody of the syringe there should be a flexible piece. It is much better to use instead of the ordinary syringes, which have done a great deal of injury, a bulb syringe of soft rubber, or a fountain syringe. When tlie tumors at the anus are too painful to allow of injections, apply a sponge which has been dipped in cold water. Moistening the tumors with saliva is very usefid, but J this must not be done immediately after meals, nor after smoking tobacco; persons who chew tobacco, or who have ulcers in the mouth should not try it. When the tumors do not bleed at all, and are very painful, and when they get worse again in a short time after applying cold water, put some boiling water, or water in which wheat bran is boiled, into a close stool-pan, and sit over the steam. Sometimes mucilaginous substances are useful, particularly an emulsion J_-i;T^ of quinces, made of quince-seed soaked in water. jj The following medicines are, however, chiefly to be de- pended upon. When there is intense itching in the anus, see under "Itching in the Anus." If the piles are accompanied by colicky pains, give the remedies recommended for "Colic," the principal among which are : PuUsalilla, Nux vomica and Cotocynthis. Pulsatilla mostly for females ; ^Vitj; vomica more frequently for persons who drink ardent spirits and are of sedentary habits; Colocynthis, when the pain is very severe. Refer also to " Determination of Blood to the Abdomen." Aconitum frequently gives relief when blood is dis- charged, and there are shooting pains and pressure on the anus, the abdomen feels too full, with tension, press- ure and griping ; the small of the back feels as if broken or bruised. Nux vomica when there is a burning, ])ricking pain in the tumors, the symptoms resembling those mentioned under "Itching of the Anus;" when there is much light colored blood discharged after each evacuation, or when AFFECTIONS OP THE ABDOMEN. 299 there is a constant disposition to evacuate; also in consti- pation, and during pregnancy ; particularly for irritable, passionate persons who feel worst in the morning. To persons of a sullen, quick disposition, give Igiiatia, and afterwards, if the complaint returns again, Sulphur. Apis for small, very painful, stinging, biting, or itching tumors, or larger ones with burning and soreness; or swelling of the whole anus with beating, heat and fulness there ; particularly if a dark bloody fluid exudes ; suita- ble for irritable, restless persons who are easily excited, dejected and anxious, or disagreeable, easily offended, passionate and easily vexed. Pulsatilla when blood and mucus are discharged with the faeces, with painful pressure on the tumors ; pains in the back, pale countenance, disposition to faint. If it is insufficient, Mcrcurius, and afterwards Sulphur, may help in these cases. Still oftener when there is much urging, straining. Sepia. Capsicum answers best when the tumors are much swol- len, the blood discharged with burning pains, and mixed with slime ; also when there is a drawing jjain in the back, particularly in the small of the back, and cutting pains in the bowels. Ignatia for violent stitches which penetrate deeply, with itching and crawling in the anus, when much blood is discharged, or the rectum protrudes considerably at each evacuation; or when after an evacuation there is painful soreness and contraction, particularly when ac- companied by ineffectual straining to evacuate, or a dis- charge of bloody mucus. Chamomilla is most appropriate when the blood flows freely, with contracting pains in the abdomen, frequent straining to evacuate; occasional diarrhoea, particularly when attended with smarting and burning, with tearing pain in the small of the back, especially at night. Antimonium crudum is frequently of service when mu- 300 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. cus is discharged from the anus, which stains the Unen ; when with the discharge of mucus there is burning pain, Carbo vegetabilis is still better, particularly when accom- panied by bleeding of the nose, and great determination of blood towards the head. Carbo vegetabilis when much mucus is discharged, or mucus and blood, with much burning in the anus; evei'y- thing sours on the stomach ; the patient is much troubled with wind, which is lodged in different parts of the belly, or becomes very weak ; if it proves insufficient, it should be followed by Arsenicum. Sulphur is one of the principal remedies as well for bleeding as for blind piles; .it is particularly suitable when there is constant ineffectual inclination to stool, or thin evacuations mixed with blood; when there is an acute, sore pain in the anus, internally and externally; when the tumors burn, are moist, protrude considerably, and can scarcely be replaced ; with violent shooting pains in the back, and in the small of the back ; stiffness in the small of the back, with a feeling of contraction ; also, with smarting pain on passing water. Lycopodium very often when Sulphur is insufficient; when the piles always return after constipation ; the pa- tient is much troubled by wind and has much pain under the short ribs. Belladonna for bleeding piles, with intense pain in the small of the back, as if it were breaking ; if it proves in- sufficient, give Ilepar, and if this does not effect a com- plete cure, four or five days later, Rhus. When the discharge is excessive, the blood is bright red and the patient is much debilitated by it, if Aconite or Ipecacuanha do not relieve soon enough, take Calcarea; if even this is insufficient, Belladonna. When after any one of these medicines the discharge abates somewhat, take nothing more unless it grows worse ; then take the same medicine again, and when this loses its effect, take AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 301 anotluT. If tlie patient is very weak, let liim take Cin- diuna in the interval. The above remedies are only for cases of exigency, though sometimes they will radically cure this tedious complaint ; if they do not, apply to a homoeopathic prac- titioner, or send him an exact description of all the symp- toms present. DIARRHCEA. This complaint frequently arise.s from causes jjointed out in tlic first part of this work — for instance, from sudden friahL from fear, from vexation, from taking cold, from heat, from a disordered stomach, or after bur ns or scalds. Most persons are to this day impressed with the erroneous idea that diar- rhoea is a cleansing process, necessary for the recovery of the patient. It is true, that some diseases terminate in a diarrhoea, but it is also true that diarrhisa. is tlie commencement of other diseases, and must al)^gi;^§J)e con- sidered ajagrhid state of the functions. The deceptive sensation of relief and weakness after purging or artificial diarrhoea, is, by many persons, looked upon as healthy and necessary, merely because they have previously been in a different and opposite state of disease. Thus many consider the excitement consequent upon drinking brandy or strong beer as Iiealthy, because they feel uncomfortable without it, whereas they are, in reality, in a more unhealthy condition, whilst they imagine themselves better. Persons who think that they cannot remain in good health without ape- rient medicines or artificial diarrhoea, should, when they feel constipated, try first the medicines pointed out under constipation, and tliey will find that the latter frequently cure without causing any diarrhoea. Those who have a natural or artificial diarrhoea, however, should not stop it by artifi- cial means, such as wine, brandy, and the like, but should let it take its course, and use those medicines which will eflfect a cure in a natural man- ner. Astringents are not always dangerous, but are very frequently so, particularly to children and aged persons, or to individuals who are suffer- ing from another complaint. When the consequences of suppressed diarrhoea make their appearance, they are called dyspepsia, liver complaint, etc., and the worst of it is, that they cannot be so easily removed. To believe, however, that suppressing the diarrhoea is only dangerous because it prevents impurities from escap- ing, is also a mistaken idea. Suppressing a diarrlioea is dangerous, because it is changing one disease into another — and because we cannot know what that second disease will be; generally, it is a worse one. Most of these im- 302 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. purities exist only in the imagination; as to the artificial production of such impurities, refer to what is said under " Constipation." If, however, there are real impurities in the body, they will be discharged much sooner with the natural exertions than during a diarrhoea, which, in fact, always leaves impurities behind, and which the natural exertions afterwards have to carry off. When the evacuation is hard, nothing can remain in the in- testines ; a fact so evident that every one can understand it. The intestines are a tube, which is first narrow and widens gradually. It is not like the hose of a fire engine, where it is necessary to apply pressure at one end in order to force out the contents at the other ; it is not a dead tube but a liv- ing one, which is in constant activity ; this activity, when regular, allows nothing to remain in it — only when it is irregular, or when it ceases, can this be the case. In diarrhoea, particularly when produced by aperient medicines, this action is very irregular and hurried, in the attempt to rid the body of the poisonous purgatives— which, when accomplished, leaves the intestines, of course, very weak and relaxed. If the purgative was no poison, it would not purge at all, for only those things will purge, which the body cannot bear and therefore ejects. The poisonous eflects of these medicines become most evident when they remain in the body; for when the body has not the power to reject them, they show their whole force as a poison. You will be told that it is the disease which produces these symp- toms, but do not believe it — it is false. More persons die of drastic purga- tives, and more children of rhubarb than of arsenic, of which every one is afraid. With costive evacuations the action of the intestines is greater, or the excrements could not be ejected — and, consequently nothing can remain behind — for the hard excrements always fill the intestines completely — which is never the case in diarrhcea. When the action of the intestines stops, it is true, the contents remain stationary; but it can easily be excited again, as has been shown under " Constipation." When loose evacuations relieve a patient who is suffering from some complaint or other, wait awhile before you give medicine — and, only in case it continues, or is accompanied by other symptoms, make a selection from among the following remedies. If children, while teething, have diarrhcea, do not interfere with it im- mediately, but wait a day or two if tliey have no other symptoms requiring treatment. At the commencement of a diarrhoea, all acids, coffee, tea, and everything salt should be avoided; fruit, fresh or dried, eggs, chickens and other poultry, particularly also veal, are injurious; nothing but mucilagi- nous food is to be taken— arrow-root, rice, sago, etc. If the appetite is good, the patient may take mutton-broth, thickened with wheaten or rice flour, or sago; milk, fresh from the cow, may in some cases make the diar- rhcea worse, it is better to have it boiled and taken warm, but it must not be boiled too long, which will make it hard to digest. AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 303 Ipecacuanha is indicated in diarrhoea, attended, in children, by screaming, tossing, uneasiness, and disten- sion of the abdomen; frequent small yellow stools, with pains in the rectum — or thin, mucous, frothy evacuations like yeast, of a A'ery offensive smell, or first watery then slimy and yellow, or green preceded by rumbling and cutting pain ; sometimes ineffectual straining ; accom- jianied by weakness, an inclination to lie down, drowsi- ness,' a pale face, blue rings around the eyes, coldness and irritability, easily vexed and enraged. When Ipecacuanha does not answer, or affords only partial relief, give Eheum ; when the secretions smell sour, it is better to give the lat- ter medicine at fir.st. Chamomilla, particularly for children when thej^ cry and are uneasy, Want to be carried constantly; or for older children, when they are irritable, cry as if crazed, and twist and writhe ; when infants draw up their legs ; when the belly is tight and hard — the evacuations very frequent and mostly slimy or watery, or green and brown, or of undigested matter which smells like rotten eggs; accompanied by rumbling in the bowels, loss of appetite, thirst, coated tongue, frequent eructations and retching. Chamomilla is appropriate also for grown persons, partic- ularly when the evacuations are green, watery, hot and offensive, with bitter taste in the mouth, bitter eructa- tions, bilious vomhing, fulness of the pit of the stomach, griping and headache. The more bile is got rid of either by vomiting or diarrhoea the better. Pulsatilla for pap-like or watery and offensive diarrhoea, with burning pain and soreness of the anus: accompanied by loathing, nausea, disagreeable eructations and griping. All other symptoms worse in the evening but the diarrhoea worse in the morning ; accont^anied by painful urging to urinate, particularly if the patients are very sleepy and chilly, or if it was brought on by rich food. For gentle, patient persons, particularly women or children, when 304 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. with the former the menstruation is easily suppressed by it. For pap-like diarrhuia, only occurring after midnight, preceded by pain in the bowels, which ceases after an evac- uation, give Rhus. Pulsatilla is also useful in slimy diar- rhoea, when each stool is of a different color. If the diar- rhoea occasions great weakness, give Coloajnthls, and if this causes disagreeable symptoms, give a little coffee without milk. If the slime is green, or mixed with blood, attended with straining, give Mercurius. Mercurius for diarrhoea attended by fits of screaming and by writhing, with ineffectual urging and pressing; cold perspiration and trembling; the discharge green, watery and mucous, sometimes bilious, or mixed with blood, accompanied by great exhaustion, fetid, nauseat- ing breath, loss of appetite, and a disposition to vomit, or vomiting and diarrhoea at the same time ; also for acrid diarrhoea with burning and itching in the anus. Sulphur for green, slimy diarrhoea which is so acrid as to occasion soreness of the parts around the anus, or to produce miliary eruptions; frequently accompanied by emaciation, or, in children, by a hard, distended abdo- men; when every fresh exposure renews the diarrhoea. Also if the diarrhoea begins after midnight accompanied by cramps in the calves of the legs. It will be serviceable after the failure of other remedies. Antimonium crudum for watery diarrhoea with disor- dered stomach, and whitish, thickly coated tongue. When there is, besides soreness of the anus, spasmodic pains in the anus and back ; food of every kind causes jn-essure in the stomach ; dulness of the eyes ; sallow and pale face, give Ferrum, which may also be given in diar- rhoeas without pain. For watery diarrhoea which has continued for a long time, other remedies having proved ineffectual, give Phosphoric acid. Veratrum for watery diarrhoea, l)ellynche with an anx- ious feeling in the region of the stomach ; pain about the AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 305 navel with anxiety; soinetiiiies sour vomiting, much thirst for very cold water or something sour ; or chilliness and drawing pains in the calves of the le^s. Rheum for sour, thin, slimy, fermented diarrhoea (com- pare with Ipecacuanha), common with children, who cry from pain in the bowels, or are uneasy and draw up the legs, and if you see a twitching in the upper part of their thighs or groins — flow of saliva from the mouth, and pale face (if it is red, give Chamomilla, and it tliis does not an- swer, Belladonna) ; sometimes there is a sourish smell pro- ceeding from the whole body of the child, which washing will not remove ; if, in such cases. Rheum does not give relief, and the j^ain is very violent, give Chamomilla, and if this docs not suflice — the jiain abating but the weakness continuing, with distension of the abdomen, Sulphur. Apis for greenish-yellow, watery, slimy, painless diar- rhoea, particularly in the morning, or if the abdomen is so sensitive that it cannot bear tlie bed-cover. Especially for irritable persons, wlio find fault with everything, for fickle children who drop and break everything, and be- come dejcc'ted and weak. Cinchona will be serviceable in all kinds of diarrhoea occurring in debilitated persons, and also in other cases, when, during tlie most violent pains — which are spas- modic, contracting and oppressive — quantities of thin, brownish matter are discharged, sometimes accompanied by burning pains in the anus, with great weakness in the abdomen, rumbling, flatulency and eructations. Fre- quently, when after taking cold persons awake during the night with these spasmodic pains, it gives instant re- "iicf, and prevents diarrhoea. Bryonia ofteii answers in the heat of summer, particu- larly in diarrhoea arising from drinking cold water, or from taking cold ; or when the diarrhoea is caused by eat- ing too much fruit, or by eating too much in general; like- wise, when the diarrhea occurs immediately after meals ; 2U 306 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. is occasioned by sour-krout ; also when producetl by vex- ation, and Chamomilla Las failed to cure it. Nux moschata, after taking cold iu water or from wet feet, for such as easily catch cold, and who have a cool, sensitive skin; for slimy stools, or like chopped eggs; no appetite; white-coated tongue; offensive breath; or thin evacuations, accompanied with much straining; or in- voluntary; constant pains below the ribs, moving from right to left; or the abdomen distended by wind; after eating and drinking, pains in the bowels or headache. Dulcamara for diarrhoea wdiich is caused by taking cold, particularly in summer and autumn — worse at night, fre- C|uent evacuations, wliich are rather watery, attended by no great pain or bj^ colic ; if this does not give relief in six hours, give Bryonia. If attended with more weakness than pain — if it comes on immediately aft(;r meals, the food being passed undigested. Cinchona generally gives re- lief; sometimes Bryonia or Rheum — to which refer; wlien attended with great \\rals and pa.in in {\\v bowels, give Arsenicitm, and if tlii- ilm - nut -nou -ixc rclicl', yn.r vomica. When the food passrs nn.Ii^v.-icd, Frrnnn is hvqueutly use- ful, or Cinchona, or Calcarea; sometimes Mcrcurius. For diarrhoea attended by great weakness, mostly Ipecacuanha, Veratrum or Arsenicum; for diarrhoea without any pain, Ferrum is best. When diarrhoea and constipation come on alternately, which is frequently the case in aged peo- ple, Antimonium crudum answers best. For children, particularly while teething, Calcarea is best, when the heat in the bowels continues, the stools are watery, pale yellow or sour. If the discharge continues very painful, or bt'tnines -rcen, and there is nuicli rum- bling in the bowels, ^ive Pliosphoru,^. For diarrhoea in females during pregnancy, and in confinements, refer to " Diseases of Women ; " and for diar- rhoea with children during summer, to "Summer Com- plaint," among " Diseases of Children." AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. DYSENTERY. The chief symptoms of Jysentery are: a constant straining and desire for a passage, witli cutting pains in the howels; small stools of whitisli or bloody mucus, but iio realfivces are discharged. The constant straining and desire for a stool are caused by inflammation of the large intestine, and not by the presence of fteces as iu a liealthy person ; this disease is not, as com- monly believed, diarrhcea, but just the reverse, it is constipation. The re- appearance of faeces in the stools is a sign that the patient is better. Dysentery attacks, generally, a great many people at the same place, and if the right remedy is found in one case, it may be given in all other cases, as in all other epidemics. The liomo?opatliic physicians should in every epidemic try to find tlie right remedy, and make it public. If in such an epidemic you once have a patient in your house, there will soon be more from the use of the same privy. The surest, easiest and cheaijcst way of disinfecting is by a solution of copperas (sulphate of iron), one piirt of coppera.s to twenty parts of water ; some of this solution should be mixed with all the discharges of the patient, and a quart or two of it poured every few days into the privy. Dysentery is most frequent when the days are hot and the nights cool, at such times be particularly careful not to take cold when you are heated, by cold drinks, a draught, taking off a part of your clothing, or sitting down upon the ground or a stone. Use no unripe fruit, spoilt malt liquor, sour wine, mineral water, lemonade, especially not at night. Sometimes there is at fii-st common diarrhcea, for which you should select a remedy from those recommended under "Diarrhoea," but more particu- larly, Verairum, Pulsatilla or Xux vwschata. Avoid all fruit, salads, sour things, cabbage, beans, peas and the like; eat only farinaceous food, bread and the like, soup without any seasoning, but a little salt; no eggs. See " Diarrhoea." M other times dysentery is preceded by other complaints, for whicli a remedy haa to be selected from those recommended under their ditlercnt heads. Aconitum for heat and thirst; the patient of a full habit, pulse strong and fast, face hot and red, more so at night. Pain in the bowels, accom- panied with anxious desire to i)ass water, urine hot and brown-red ; dry mouth or cold in the head. For conslipafioa preceding dy^ntery, compare Xux vomica, Bryonia, Pla- tinum; or Mercurius, Stuphisagria, Natrum muriaticum. Nux vomica, if the patients are worse in the morning, before or while rising, or the pain is worse in the stomach than the abdomen. For persons who have been in the habit of drinking much cofTee or spirituous liquors, but have now a marked aversion to these things, do not delay to give -Vux romica, or, according to the symptoms, ChamomUla. bU» AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. The patient may drink as much cold water as he likes, and notliing else but gruel and other farinaceous articles. AVhen he is recovering he .-houkl eat the same things, with some mutton or heei'-broth, but should cat olten and not much at a time. Mercurius when there is an urgent desire to evacuate, as if the intestines were being pressed out; after much straining, a discharge of light blood or greenish, broken- up looking matter mixed with blood, and more straining after the evacuation than before; in children accompanied with crying and screaming ; infants thus affected, refuse to take the breast. If there is very much straining before and during stool, but marked relief afterward, give Nux vom ica. Mercurius sublimatus in the fall if, with severe colicky pain's, fir.st much bile is discharged, then blood or slime, or bright colored blood alone or nothing but slime. When it no longer relieves give another remedy; com- pare particularly what is said of Colocynthis here under " Colic," " Diarrhoea." Aconitum is particularly valuable in dysenteries occur- ring in autumn — when the daj's are hot and the nights cold; after violent chill, great heat and thirst, red face; if it is insufficient, compare what is said under Bryonia, Nux vomica or Mercurius, one of which will often suit the case. When there is rending in the limbs, head, nape of the neck and shoulders, give Aconitum.; if, after several doses, it proves insufficient, give Chamomilla, in some cases also Pulsatilla. If the discharge is mostly slime streaked with blood, give Rhus, to which refer under "Diarrhoea.'" Belladonna when Aconitum, which seemed to suit, does no good, particularly for lively, restless persons, or chil- dren who cry easily, or women who are easily frightened ; if the patients on awaking from sleep talk at random ; if every moment they want to get out of bed or into another one; especially if the tongue is dry and red at the point (compare Rhus), or if it has two white stripes and is red all around and in the middle. AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 309 Chamomilla, if there is fever and thirst with rheumatic pains, especially in the head; nausea, coated tongue, bitter taste, etc. ; and particularly if the disease was pro- duced by a sudden check of perspiration ; and is accom- panied by great agitation and tossing about. Cinchona, for epidemic and periodic dysentery, which affects many persons at the same time in a marshy region, or where canals are being dug ; particularly when the complaint is worse every other day ; or if the patients have a soreness below the ribs, particularlj^ on the left side, with fulness ; in general for weak, pale persons. Veratrum., if the discharge is watery, with bloody mu- cus and flakes swimming in it, or perhaps with sour vom- iting; great thirst; severe cutting pains in the bowels; if the water passes very seldom ; face pale, sunken, anxious ; coldness, or sensation of coldness ; great weakness ; draw- ing in the calves of the legs. Arsenicum for the same great weakness ; when the dark, slimy and bloody evacuations have a putrid smell, when they pass involuntarilj^, when the urine becomes offensive, the patient becomes quite indifferent, as if stunned, with a bad smell from the mouth ; when here and there red or blue spots appear ; also, when the patient tosses about in great agony ; is unable to find rest, believes he is dying, etc. ; when, at the same time, the breath is very cool, or when he complains of burning; when Arsenicum proves ineffectual, give Carbo vegetabilis. When, after Carho vege- tabilis, the putrid smell remains, give Cinchona; and after- wards again, Carbo vegetabilis. Carbo vegetabilis and Arsen- icum are both suitable if the dysentery lias been brought on by cold drinks, particularly ice-water. For those who are in the habit of using spirituous liquors or who are fond of cakes, rich food and milk, Carbo vegetabilis is bet- ter. If cau,sed by spoiled beer or fruit, Arsenicum. Colocynthis for extreme pain in the bowels, as if the in- testines were jammed between stones ; the patients double 310 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. themselves up and are very restless; the discharge is slimy, sometimes mixed with blood, the abdomen much distended, sometimes like a drum ; pressure as if the belly was full ; shuddering, commencing in the abdomen and extending over the whole body ; the tongue covered with white mucus ; likewise, if brought on by anger and morti- fication. Refer also to " Colic." Staphisagria, in similar cases, when the pains are re- newed by every mouthful of food and drink, even of wa- ter, and if there is afterwards straining and pressing. It is sometimes useful in alternation with Colocyrithis. If both of them do good only for a short time, give Causticum. Ehm, after a heavy vn\,\, jiurticularly after getting wet all over, in a rain (ir otherwise, whilst in a perspiration; especially if the discharge is bloody, slimy, brownish or greenish, and swims upon the water (compare Cinchona and Mercurius); or for such as have from the first an eruption out on the lips (compare Arsenicum). Sulphur should be given in all protracted cases, when the other remedies give relief, but do not effect a complete cure : if there is still much urging and ineffectual strain- ing ; if the patient has an aversion to bread, meat, milk, sweet and sour things, malt-liquors and wine, and wants nothing but thin soup and brandy. COMMON CHOLERA. CHOLERA MORBUS. This disease is characterized by violent purging and vomiting, griping, thirst, and sometimes bv i nuiips ami ccililness of the extremities. It is most generally iirccwkil liy shivering, headache, nausea, pain in the abdomen, etc. In scmic rasi-s, however, violent vomiting and purging set in almost simultaneously. In severe cases, there is considerable pain in the abdomen, violent cramps in the muscles of the limbs, paleness of tlie surface, pinched features, sunken eyes, cold and clammy skin, and great anxiety and depression. Attacks frequently come on at niglit, ami liy iiKirning the patient may have almost or entirely recovered. The exciting causes are chiefly imjjroper (juantity or quality of food — AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDO.MEX. 311 cacuml)er?i, fur instance, or any unripe fruits or crude vegetables — changes of teni])erature, great fatigue, ice or iceJ water, etc. Ipecacuanha, if the attacks of vouiitiiig predominate. Nux vomica, after Ipecacuanha, wluni there is anxiety, paiu ill the abdomen, frequent small evacuations and t^^'uesiuus, and headache. VenUram, should the disease grow worse, and assume the following characteristics: violent vomiting with severe diarrhoea, excessive weakness, and cramps in the calves of the legs ; e3'es hollow or sunken, countenance pale, and expressive of acute suffering ; coldness of the extremities, cold clammy perspiration, violent pain in the region of the navel, tenderness of the abdomen when touched ; pains and cramps iu the fingers, shrivelled appearance of the skin on the palms of the hands. Argenicum is useful when the disease is attended with rapid prostration of strength, insatiable thirst, excessive anxiety, with fear of approaching death, burning sensa- tion in the region of the stomach, • almost constant dis- charge from the bowels, or renewal of the discharge on every occasion that the desire for drink is gratified ; sup- pression of urine or scanty discharge followed by a burn- ing sensation ; violent and painful vomiting, tongue aud lips dry, cracked and bluish, or black ; hollow cheeks, pointed nose, pulse almost imperceptible, or small, weak, intermittent, and trembling ; severe spasms in the fingers and toes ; clammy perspiration. Cinchona is useful for the weakness which remains af- ter cholera, but is also occasionally of benefit during the course of the disease, particularly when there is vomiting of food, and frequent watery and brownish evacuations containing particles of undigested food; also when there is oppression at the chest with eructations, which afford temporary relief; severe pressure in the abdomen, espe- cially after partaking of the smallest portion of food ; gretit exhaustion, sometimes amounting to fainting. 312 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. This remedy is particularly indicated when the disease has been excited by indigestable substances, such as un- ripe fruit, etc., or by inhabiting a marshy situation. Cuprum, in cases with Violent cramps in the extremities, especially in the calves of the legs, lingers and toes ; it is useful also when the evacuations are very frequent and whitish, with violent pains in the abdomen, bluish ap- pearance of the skin, etc. ASIATIC (OR EPIDEMIC) CHOLERA. During an epidemic of cholera, the doctors tell the peo- ple : " Do not be afraid ; though, in spite of all we can do for you, you will get the cholera and will most likely die, yet, do not be afraid, for fear makes it certainly worse." But I say: Be afraid! a little fear is wholesome, it' will make you careful. He who is afraid and lives reasona- bly will not easily be attacked, or only slightly, and he who is not afraid, and lives unreasonably, is more likely to get it ; but he may be saved. The surest preventative is Sulphur; put half a teaspoon- ful of Milk of Sulphur into each of j^our stockings and go about your business; never go out with an empty stomach, eat no fresh bread, nor sour food. This is not only a pre- ventative in cholera, but also in many other epidemic dis- eases. Not one of the many thousands who have followed this, my advice, have been attacked by cholera. At the beginning, when you have diarrhoea, Sulphur will relieve you, take it at once, and if it must be re- peated, dissolve a few globules of it in a tumblerful of water and take a spoonful after every evacuation. If you awake after midnight with violent diarrhoea, vomiting, cramps in the calves of the legs, paleness and coldness, take Sulphur and keep quiet, the next day eat nothing but stale bread, and you will soon be well. This was confirmed in 1849 in more than five hundred AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 313 cases which came to my knowledge. In a few cases other remedies were necessary, and that only wlien tlie patient had violated the rules; but none died who took ISuljiltur from the first. For sudden attacks, and in general in the commence- ment, if the disease rapidly becomes much worse, Cam- phor Tincture is the best remedy. If the patient is at- tacked with cramjas, nausea, excessive prostration, cold- ness and blueness of the surface, give him a drop of it every fifteen, ten or five minutes until he begins to per- spire. This remedy was discovered and first made known to the world by Hahnemann; it has since become a popu- lar remedy in all countries, and has saved the lives of hun- dreds of thousands. Do not take too much of it, and not for every trifling diarrhoea. For attacks of real cholera : Camplior, as stated above ; or Arsenicwm, when the purging and vomiting become very frequent; the evacuations from the bowels being thin, watery, and of a brownish or blackish color and pu- trid smell, or light colored and almost without smell, es- pecially when accompanied by intense, burning pains or cramps in the stomach and bowels, with violent thirst, and great prostration of strength; also burning in the anus and rectum with tenesmus. It is also worthy of at- tention in the last stage of the disease. Veratrura is, however, the remedy upon which the chief reliance is to be placed, when cholera is fully developed ; the discharges almost constant and presenting the char- acteristic rice-water appearance, with cramps in the calves of the legs, fingers, toes, and sometimes of the muscles of the abdomen and chest; the patient excessively restless and anxious ; the extremities cold, etc. Cuprum, after Veratrum, when that remedy has failed to relieve the cramps, which are very violent and extend to the whole body, or change to spasms or convulsions, with constriction of the chest and difficult resj)iration. 314 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEX. Carbo vegetabiUs may frequently be of service in the last stage of the disease, wheu the patient is in a state of col- lapse, or asphyxia; the jiulse almost gone; the surface cold and bluish; the breath cold; or when the evacua- tions and cramps have ceased, and congestion to the chest takes place. If reaction should ensue after the adminis- tration of Carbo vegetahilis, and the purging, vomiting, and cramps return, it will be necessary to have recourse again to Veratrum, or some other of the foregoing medicines. In the congestions which frequently follow cholera, that to the head will generally be relieved by AcoiUlum, Belladvnna and Opium; that to the chest by Phosphorus, Bryonia, AcoiUtiim, and other remedies recoiniiiended for "Congestion of the Chest," wliich see. During the treatment of cholera the patient should be kept in a warm room, and the heat of the body kept up as much as possible by frictions with the hand previously dipped in Hour to prevent abrasion of tlie skin. Warm oatmeal and bran applied to the limbs or over the whole body in suitable bags is also good, everything hot is very painful to the patient and of no use. To quench the violent thirst which generally accompanies the disease, small pieces of ice should be placed in the mouth from lime to time; cold water, in small quantities, may also be allowed unless it be found to aggravate the disease. If the patient gets better and wants to eat give liim gruel and light food, often and only a little at a time. Eating its much as he wants may cost his life. CONSTIPATION. The first observation we have to make on this complaint, and which many will consider paradoxical, is, that every one wlmse bowels are con- stipated, may congratulate himself that he has no worse complaint. Who- ever has paid attention to the subject, must be aware that nearly all persons who are disposed to costiveness, live long and keep their strength, except when they injure themselves by taking aperient medicines. Those, on the contrary, who are subject to frequent attacks of diarrhoea, are early in life debilitated and seldom grow old. No diarrhoea can appear when there is not some poisonous, noxious matter, or morbid disposition in the body, while, on the other hand, much perspiration and the eating of animal food are sufficient to cause constipa- tion. In regard to the notion of impurities reniainins; in the body, see what is said under " Diarrha?a." The very popular opininn that purj;ing AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 315 contributes to health, not only when tlie body siiflers from sickness, but also occasionally when it is in a healthy state, and that impurities are driven out of the body by it, is entirely erroneous and without foundation. It serves to keep up the sale of drugs, and it has been repeated year after year until it is almost universally received. It is a part of the traditional medical creed of the world, and no one dares to doubt it. When this erro- neous method of treatment is prescribed with due confidence and solemnity, heart and purse (but not always the bowels) open, and persons actually in sound health feel a downright longing to be properly scrubbed and cleansed inside. Kvery one who will make the following experiment upon a horse, or upon himself, will be convinced that our opposition to purging is well founded. Let aperient medicines be taken for a week, and however good may liave been the state of health previously, at the termination of this period all sorts of impurities will be discharged, particularly after taking jalap and calomel. As this happens in every instance, either to man or be:ist, and even to those who have never been ill, it is a proof that these impurities have been artificially produced by drugs. We are frequently able to judge irom the nature of the secretion, what medicine has been administered. After salts, the evacuation always smells like rotten eggs; after drastic gums, they are thin and watery; after mer- cury, green; and after magnesia and rhubarb, generally oflensive, etc. When we inquire into the causes whicli produce this purging, we find that almost all poisonous substances have a similar eflect, and that for this reason we may class the purgatives with propriety among the poisons. Some esteem them a real godsend, and imagine that these drugs have been created for this very purpose. It might as well be supposed, that the rattlesnake and the tiger are created to destroy us. But if we admit that these drugs are intended to be used as medicines, it is no reason, because we see them produced in great (luaiuitio, that we should make an e.xcessive use of them. Virulent ]loisnll^, :ilili..nuh given but in small portions, produce vomiting and ptirging, or injure tlie ^tciuach ; the less virulent poisons are called purgatives, merely becatise they do not kill immediately, but are generally rejected by the eflbrts of nature. I'crsfins suffering from constipation, and seeking occasionally to be re- lieved, or suflering from other complaints connected with it, should take the remedies hereinafter prescribed. At the same time attention sliould be paid to the manner of living; moderation in the use of meat, whicli must not be eaten tliree times a day, is to be observed; a free use of salted food is to be avoided, mastication attended to, or the food to be well cut up, if teeth have been lost; a Considerable quantity of vegetables, fruit and bread to be taken with meat — soup may be indulged in ; strong or green tea to be avoided,and also all spirituous liiiuors and beer which contain narcotics; in place of these new milk may be used, or even butter-milk, which, though it is generally despised and given to the pigs in this country, is neverthe- less a wholesome beverage, both for children and grown persons. 316 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. habitually constipated should also always, if it agrees witli them, eat fruit at dinner, dried fruit in preference, or good ripe apples; they should avoid indulging in cheese, should not smoke before meals or abstain from it entirely, and accustom themselves to drink a glass of water before going to bed. Among the domestic remedies nothing can be recommended, except from time to time an injection of water. Many persons are afraid if they get into the habit of using injections that they will be compelled to continue them; but there is no danger of this, if the medicines recommended are taken at the same time. The injections used should consist of nothing but water, and not be employed too frequently. To accustom oneself to purga- tives is infinitely worse. For other precautions in giving injections, refer to " Piles." Injections, it is true, only relieve the patient for a while, but in the mean- time the cause may be removed by medicine, and the disease cured. Per- sons who have suftered a long time from constipation, which constantly returns, may sometimes be cured entirely by injections. For this purpose let the water be as cold as it comes from the spring, about half a pint, or a coffee cup full at a time, and take the injection before going to bed at night. It should, if possible, be retained. Persons who continue this treatment for a week or two, frequently become quite regular in their bowels, if they live rationally at the same time. Those who suffer from piles must not have recourse to this remedy. All other injections besides water and all admi.xtures are injurious, ex- cept fresh boiled milk, which is sometimes preferable for children. Remember the rule: cold injections must be small, taken in the evening and if possible retained, or they will be of no use, since they are intended to strengthen ; warm injections on the other hand are intended to soften and open, therefore must be plentiful and taken only in tlie morning, that is from three to four a.m. until noon, for that is the right time for a move- ment of the bowels. Another remedy is plenty of exercise, walking, particularly up hill. Persons who are costive should be regular in attending to the calls of nature; the best time is in the morning, before or after breakfast. The following medicines, when properly selected, will greatly facilitate the cure. Nux vomica is most suitable for constipation occurring in persons of sedentary liabits, and tliose accustomed to drinking ardent spirits ; also for that wliich is occasioned by eating too great a variety of food at once ; after a sur- feit, or when the constipation is preceded by diarrhoea, or for suppressed diarrhoea, with want of appetite, disagreea- AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 317 ble taste, the tongue sliinv, coated, loathing, sickness of the stomach, tenseness of the abdomen, pressure in that region, heat, stitches here and there, a feeling as of a weight, cutting pain in the lower part of the abdomen, heat j)articularly in the face, headache, disinclination to work, uneasy sleep, oppressed breathing, irritability and frequent comi)laining. When accompanied by morose- ness, taciturnity, and after eating much cake, rancid but- ter, etc., give Palsatilla; when the patient is irritable and feels chilly, Bryonia. Bryonia is particularly useful in constipation occurring in warm weather, or if worse then, and in persons wlio suffer from rheumatism. Opium when there is an inclination to evacuate, but a feeling as if the anus were closed; there is no regular pressure ; sometimes a sensation as if there were a load in the abdomen; throbbing in the abdomen; pressure on the stomach; dry mouth, thirst, and want of appetite. Platina when, after much straining, the fseces are evacu- ated in but small quantities ; straining and itching at the anus ; shuddering over the whole body after every evacu- ation, accompanied by a feeling of weakness in the abdo- men, with contraction, bearing down, ojiprcssion of the stomach, and ineffectual efforts to belch wind ; suitable also for constipation after or while travelling. Lachesis for protracted costiveness, with a feeling of weight and oppression at the stomach, and ineffectual eructations. Natriim muriaiicum in tedious cases, where tlie above remedies have failed, and there is no inclination what- ever to evacuate. It will also be beneficial when the stools are scanty, hunt and insufficient; when there is a constant feeling as if something were being pressed down in the large intes- tine, without regular urging to stool. For frequent disposition to go to stool, with ineffectual efforts, give Sul2:ihur. 318 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEX. INFLAMMATION OF THE LIVER. FAINS IN THE LIVER. Pains below the ribs on the right side, extending up or down, with fever, require the following remedies : Aconitum if the fever is high, with hot skin, much thirst, and whitish furred tongue, accomj^anied bj- moaning, great restlessness, and dread of death ; sliooting pains in the re- gion of the liver. Nux vomica for shooting or pulsative pains with great tenderness of the region of the liver when touched ; nau- sea or vomiting ; bitter or sour taste ; shortness of breath and sense of pressure under the ribs and about the stom- ach ; pressive pain in the head ; thirst ; highly colored urine; giddiness and paroxysms of anguish ; constipation. Mercurius, pains under the ribs of a pressive character, which do not allow the patient to lie long on the right side ; bitter taste in the mouth ; want of appetite ; thirst, continued shivering, followed sometimes by clammy per- spiration; yellowness of the skin and of the white of the eyes; also in enlargement and hardening of the liver. LacJiesis is frequently suitable after ilcrcurius. Belladonna for pains in the region of the liver which ex- tend to the chest and shoulders, particularly of the right side; swelling and tenseness at the pit of the stomach; oppressed and anxious respiration; congestion to the head with giddiness; dimness of vision and occasional fainting; great thirst, anxiety, restlessness and sleepless- ness. It is often suitable after Aconitum, Mercurius and Lachesis. * Lachesis will be serviceable in cases in which Mercurius and Belladonna appear to be indicated, but only afford partial relief; and also in obstinate chronic cases occui-- ing in drunkards. Bryonia, when the pains are pressive, with a feeling of AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 319 tension in the region of the Hver; pains aggravated by respiration, coughing and movement; violent oppression of the chest, with rapid and anxious respiration; thick yellowish coating on the tongue; constipation. Cinchona, when worse every other day, with shooting and prcssive pains in the region of the liver; swelling and liardness below the ribs; pressive pain in the head; tongue thickly coated, yellowi.sli, and bitter taste in the mouth. Sulphur will be serviceable after any of the preceding remedies, when the iniprovement is but temporary and the disease still continues. JAUNDICE. There are different kinds of jaundice, sometimes it continues for a long time without any danger, sometimes it is accompanied by fever and in some cases it is a favoral>le sign, in otlier cases a dangerous sign, whicli can be readily seen by tlie general state of the patient. There is commonly but little fever in the mild forms of this disease, but in bad cases the fever may be high, and the brain become more or less affected, which is always a serious complication, and especially so when drowsiness, with great difficulty in being roused, takes place; in such cases, if there was or is still a great itching, or frequent, violent gaping, give Opium. Mercurius will be sufficient, if the patient has not already abused this drug; in that event Cinchona will be preferable, which may Ije followed, in obstinate cases, by Hepar, Sulphur or Lachesis. Cinchona may advantageously follow Mercurius, when the latter remedy is insufficient. Chamomitla will be preferable for attacks arising from a fit of pa.ssinn. It may be followed by Nux vomica. Sulphur and Lachesis will be most suitable for very irritable persons, in whom the symptoms of jaundice manifest themselves upon every trifling occasion. .Jaiuidice produced by abuse of mercury may be combated by Cinchona and Hepar, or Lachesis and Sulphur, — that arising from abuse of cinchona by Mercurius, Belladonna, Cnlcarea, Nux vomica; and that caused by rhu- barb, bv Chamomilla or Mercurius. 320 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. URINARY TROUBLES. Wlien anydne passes too mucli urine, too often, or it is abnormal, it should always he attentled t-j, as it is very debilitating and often the beginning of a .serious disease. To children give Mltus, or, if thoy have much thirst, Belladonna ; if the trorible is apt to return, ii' the children have perspired much on the head, give Silicea. If it returns after SiUcea, give Hepar. Involuxt.vry Emission of Urine. — Children are often troubled in this way when playing or running about, and when asleep, particularly at night. See "Treatment of Infants— Wetting the Bed." It is also frequent in old age but occurs in all ages, particularly with women, then it is generally accompanied, however, by other symptoms, according to which the remedy must be chosen— for instance cough, then compare Causlkum, Natrum mariaikum, Antimonium criidum, Bryonia, Pul- mlilla, SpoTKjiii, Staphisagria, Veratrum. If the urine escapes while passing wind, Pulsatilla. If it escapes quite involuntarily during the day, Ferrum; during the first sleep. Sepia. DrPFicTLTY AND Pain IN MAKING Water, may be caused by other diseases, liy unclean afi'ections, or by chronic afiections of the kidneys or the bladder. In these last cases consult a homceopathic physician ; if you cannot do so, use the remedies below. It is strange to observe how anxious most people are about their having an evacuation from the bowels every day, without tal-.ing much notice of how often they pass water. Yet it is ten times more dangerous to go one day without urinating, than to be a whole week without a passage from the bowels. Never postpone the former business for any consideration what- ever. Many people have died a very painful death from their having waited too long to urinate. It is astonishing how sensible people can run such a great risk on account of extreme modesty or bashfulness, while attending church, parties, especially sleighing parties, concerts, or other assemblies, and when traveling. Do not be in a hurry when urinating, do not strain too hard, empty the bladder completely, and avoid a cold draught. Consider that the few moments which may be gained in this way are out of all proportion to the time lost during a long illness which may be caused by it. It is important to drink water often particularly when tlie urine becomes more scanty. Infants should not be forgotten or allowed to suffer from thirst from foolishly thinking that cold water will not agree with them. If the discharge of urine becomes for some time more and more scanty, it is an indication of a disease which may suddenly become dangerous; take everv dav a warm foot-bath, drink iilentv of water, and now and then AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. 321 buttermilk; but beware of diuretics, such as gin, juniper berries, etc. For constant desire to urinate, pain, burning, etc., use applications of warm wa- ter, a warm batli and mucilaginous drinks, particularly oatmeal gruel, and partake of nothing acrid, salty or sour. Aconite for the most common cases when there is pain- ful urging; for children if they put their hands to the part.s and scream, when no urine or very little passes, sometimes only single drops with great pain, the discharge is very red, dark and turbid, particularly for women and children. Should Aconite not relieve these symptoms, give Cantharift. Piilsniillfr, if there are pressing, cutting pains or redness and licat in the region of the bladder, especially for women, when the courses are suppressed, too tardy or scanty; ai.so for less pain but mucli urging. Arnica, if caused by a blow or fall on the bladder or back, or by a violent concussion of the whole body. Ahix vomica for persons of a full habit who are fond of liquor; after suppressed piles, with burning, pressing and tension in the back, and the region between the ribs and hip-bones. Belladonna, if the pains are more piercing, extending from the back to the bladder, in spells, with great anxiety, restlessness and colic. If Belladonna gives only temporary relief, take Hepar. Mercurius for very violent, constant desire to urinate, the stream being very small, with perspiration at the same time; urine dark red, soon becoming turbid and otfensive. If the urine is acrid, excoriating and if after its passage there is some blood, ^lepar. Colocijnthis, if the urine becomes sticky and gelatinous, and the ])ains are insupportable. Apis, if it appears after a partly or totally suppressed eruption, or tliere is a burning, stinging, or itching in different parts; the whole abdomen is very sensitive to 21 322 AFFECTIONS OF THE ABDOMEN. the slightest touch ; the patient often shudders and feels chilly when moving, particularly in the evening; if he has heat without thirst, yawns and cannot sleep. Cepa for frequent urging, the urine passes by starts or only in drops, is bright red and burning. For children when they scream, particularly when you press on the region of the bladder with your hand ; after a cold gener- ally or from wet feet or exposure of the abdomen to cold air or a draught. Opium will often be beneficial in the most dangerous cases for infants who have nursed soon after the mother was very angry or very much frightened, when neither water nor stool passes, the abdomen is distended and other medicines have proved ineffectual. If the water does not pass at all, or only very slowly, with burning in the urethra, and burning heat in the abdomen, Camphor is sometimes very useful, and also when caused by Spanish flies, in blisters or taken inter- nally ; too much must not be taken, smell it only or shake it with warm water, and take of that by the teaspoonful. If it occurs after suppressed piles, particularly if these have been operated upon, the complaint is more difficult to cure, the pain and burning increase, the urine only escapes in drops, sometimes blood is discharged with the urine which often relieves, in this case use warm injections; Aconitum or Mercurius ease the symptoms, also Sulphur, or, if the pain is very great, Apis. Nux vomica, if the pain was partly caused by strong drink or increased by it. If worse after every cold, Dulcamara or Cepa; if at times small hard pieces pass, give, particularly after Sulphur, Cakarea; if the burning returns and increases, Carbo regetabilis or Amenievm. A com- plete cure can only be effected by long and careful treatment by a homoe- opathic physician. The Passing of Bloody Urine is often combined with other com- plaints; give the above remedies. If from external injuries, Arnica; from spirituous liquors, Nux vomica; after excesses, Cinchona; if it returns often, Hepar. If accompanied by burning pains at the end of the urethra; if the testicles are drawn up; cramp-like pains in the knees, thighs and groins; if contracting and cutting pains in the small of the back extend to the navel, give Pulsatilla. AFFECTIOXS OF THE ABDOMEN. 323 RUPTURE. HERNIA. Enptiire may be produced by severe exercise on liorseback or on foot, by lifting heavy weights, playing on wind instruments, vomiting, costiveness, whooping-cough, crying, tight clothing, jumping, etc. In many cases it can be cured by internal remedijes, when it has not been neglected too long. Trusses have Ijeen greatly improved in tliis country, but bad articles are still common. It is of great importance to get a good truss, for a bad one may do great injury ; if it does not iit exactly, or if it slips, it may make tlie rupture incurable. A good truss must not be trouble- some, although in the beginning it may feel rather uncomfortable ; it nuist not te applied until the hernia has been entirely reduced, when the truss ought to keep it in its position. If the patient iiorocives, after the instru- ment has been applied, that something protrudes, let him take it ofF, lie down upon his back, reduce the herui:i ai;;dM, and replace the truss. When the Iiernia protrudes frequently, tlie triiss is good for nothing. A person alHicted with hernia, who does not wear a truss, or who wears a bad one — who exerts himself afterwards too much, or is otlierwise imjjrudent — ex- pfises himself to the danger of having incarcerated or strangulated hernia, anil mortification following. It is also of great importance to know how a hernia should be reduced. In order to accomplish this properly, the patient should lie down on his back, and place a pillow under the hips, so that the ruptured part may lie higher than the rest of the abdomen — he should then incline a little to the side on which the rupture appears, to relax the abdominal muscles as much as possible, remain perfectly quiet, and avoid all motion. If the proper medicines are taken the Iiernia will generally return of itself during sleep witliout external aid. If it does not become thus reduced, it can be better done by another person, though many are able to reduce it for themselves ; it is l)est done by pre,ssing the left hand gently against the part which pro- trudes, a.s if for the purpose of grasping it ; after tliis, press the fingers of tlie rigid hand on the top, and then rub it lightly, by passing the fingers over it ; place the flat of the hand from time to time on it, and gradually increase the pressure ; continue these efiorts patiently for half an hour, or longer, if the Iiernia is considerable. Most kinds of strangulated hernia can generally be reduced with facility, after the proper remedies have been taken, par- ticularly Aconitum or Nux vomica. When the Jiemia will not bear pressure, medicine must first be taken to remove the irritability — after which it fre- (piently returns of it.self. In some case, placing a cloth dipped in warm water upon the tumor will effect the reduction. Some persons apply cold water or ice in a calf's bladder, but this should not be kept on long, and should not be used at all when the part.s are hot and red. For violent burning in the belly, as from red-hot coals, the least touch giving pain, with sickness of the stomach, bitter, bilious vomiting, anxiety, 324 DISEASES OF WOMEX. arnl cold persiiiration, give Aconilum. In case Acnnilum only alleviates the symptoms for a short time, without any other good efiect, give Veral- rum. If, after this, the efloj-ts to reduce it sliould fail, it being on the left side, with much pain going from the abdomen to the rupture, and much rumbling of wind, give Cepa; if on the right side, Rhus. If accompanied by sour vomiting, instead of bitter, give Sulphur ; leave the patient to rest awhile, and if he falls asleep do not disturb him. If the pain is less violent when tlie parts are touched, and the vomiting less, but the breathing is attended by much difficulty ; when taking cold, or overheating, vexation of mind, or improper diet has been the cause, give Xux vomica; when the patient becomes red in the face, when the abdomen is distended, or when bad smelling and tasting eructations or vomiting occur, give Opium until there is a change ; if the vomiting is accompanied by cold sweat, or if the extremities becoiia- r<.ld. Live Vcratrum; and if it does not improve. Belladonna. As soon ei> iln- iililMiinn becomes sensitive, and cannot endure to be touched without pain, uive Aronilum and Sulphur, as above. Wlien the rupture has already assumed a bad appearance — when the symptoms are very alarming, and no surgeon can be had, give Lachesis, and if, after a time, there is no improvement, Arsenicum. In all cases of strangulated hernia, a surgeon should immediately be sent for, but the above remedies must be taken in the meanwhile; if they prove efficacious before he arrives, so much the better; if not, he will perform the necessary operation, which he will find to be much easier after the patient has taken the above medicine, as numerous experiences have proved. If you wish to cure an ordinary rupture before it becomes strangulated, and while it causes no iiartiiular trouble, consult a homceopathic physician. But, if the rupture i- '<( n rent occurrence, Rhus will give relief in most cases. If it (iccurn-d suddenly, by lifting or great exertion, lie down quietly, keep as quiet as possible, with a pillow under the hips, and take Rhus. If it occurred slowly while standing, Cocculus. Xux vomica, if otherwise indicated. CHAPTER XI. DISEASES OF WOMEN. MENSTRUATION (THE MONTHLY SICKNESS). Menstruation is often delayed beyond the period at which we have rea- son to expect it in healtliy females, or when it does appear, it is frequently prece( a luing bound to her by the fondest ties, — a being that lias a riglit tn uxpi . t In.ni her, as its parent, so far as it lies in her power to give, a sound constitmion. Therefore, to realize such an object, it is the duty of the mother to pay all possible attention to her diet, exercise and dress. Diet. — With regard to diet she should observe the greatest simplicity; her food should consist simply of substances of a purely nutritive> nature, and everything medicinal or stimulating, such as food prepared with much seasoning, spirituous, vinous and fermented liquors, strong tests and coflee, should for the most part be avoided. She should also guard against taking too great a quantity of nourishment, as excesses of this kind may give rise to dyspeptic and otlier troublesome symptoms ; wliich, besides I oin;; a si .iirce of much sufiering to herself, may seriously affect the health i.l' lu-r future offspring. Exercise. — Let us here say, witli regard to exercise, that in order to enjoy a good degree of health, it is absolutely indispensable during the term of pregnancy. Passive exercise, such as riding in a carriage, is not only in- sufficient at all times, but has often been found particularly injurious to- wards the end of pregnancy ; and has been the case of prenuitiu'-e or abnor- mal births. The most desirable kind of exercise is walking in the open air, such ex- ercise must not, however, interfere with tlie process of digestion, and is, therefore, most suitable two or three hours after a moderate meal at noon, and during warm weather towards evening ; care being taken to avoid the dampness of the night air by returning home early. Dress. — The dress should be strictly siuted to the seascm and not jiroduoe the least pressure on any part of the body ; even the garters should lie worn loosely. Tight lacing is highly injurious; it must be evident to the plain- est understanding, that serious injury to the health of both motlier and child must often result from a continual and forcible compression of the abdomen while nature is at work in gradually enlarging it for the accom- modation and development of the fcFtus ; and the result is, no doubt, that there are many who owe their deformities to the vanity of their mothers. DERANGEMENTS DURING PREGNANCY. Although the state of pregnancy is one perfectly natural and perfectly healthy, yet in consequence of the existence of constitutions naturally weak, and of those disordered by the excessive use of medicines pre.scrihed under the old system, and from numerous other causes, it often happens that this condition is attended l)y many deviations from healtli. which it may be well to notice, together with the liest means for removing them. DISEASES OF WOMEN. 337 The following are some of the most common of the deviations from health which are met with during pregnancy. Menstruation. — The continuance of menstruation during presjnancy, though of comparatively rare occurrence, is occasionally met with, and may be either a deviation from the ordinary course of nature or an actual disease. Wlien a cause of suffering to women by being too long continued or ])ro- fuse, producing debility, or when attended by pain, some of the following medicines may be required; Crocus, Platinum, Cocculus, or Phosphorus. For tlieir particular indications, and also for other remedies, see " Painful Menstruation" and "Too Copious Menstruation." Vertigo and Head.\^che.— Very often during pregnancy women are troul)led with fulne.ss, giddiness and pain in the head. Sometimes these symptoms commence as early as the third or fourth week after conception. The feeling of giddiness or lightness is frequently accompanied by dulness and a disinclination to active employment ; sleepiness or sometimes sleep- lessness; dimness of sight after stooping; flashes before the eyes; disposi- tion to fall forward when stooping ; headaclie, with a feeling of weight on the top of the hq^d or in the back of the neck ; palpitation of tlie heart ; nervousness, tremblings, etc. These symptoms are commonly worse in the morning. Acouitum is best adapted to persons of a fidl ]ialiit,with a florid comiilexion and nervous temperament, and espe- cially if there is giddiness, as if intoxicated, on rising from a seat, frequently causing one to fall ; faintness and dim- ness of vision on rising from a recumbent posture ; deter- mination of blood to the head, and pressure in the fore- head ; .stupefying pains in the head ; ej'es red and spark- ling, with intolerance of light; black spots before the eyes. Belladonna for conge.stion to the head, with vertigo, stag- gering and trembling; buzzing in the cars; intolerance of noise ; heaviness and pressive pain on top of the head or in the forehead, over the eyes; pain, with a sense of expansion of the head, and violent throbbing of the large arteries of the neck ; redness of the face ; soreness and red- ness of the cj-es; sparks before the eyes; objects appear double. The symj)toms are mostly worse in the morning. 22 66ii ■ DISEASES OF WOMEN. Glonoine, see what has been said of this remedy under " Headache." Nux vomica is most suitable for women of a liasty tem- per, and those who are of sedentary habits, or addicted to the use of wine or coffee. The symptoms are generally aggravated in the morning, and better in the open air. It is valuable for giddiness with a feeling of confusion in the head; with cloudiness of sight and buzzing in the ears ; pains in the head of a tearing, drawing or jerking character, or periodical pains; constipation; insipid or acid, bitter and putrid taste, etc. Opium for giddiness on rising from a stooping or sit- ting posture; vertigo, with stupidity as if from a debauch ; great drowsiness; imperfect sleeji, Avith puffed face, thick, heavy breathing, and illusions of the imagination. riatina if there is headache, which increases gradually until it becomes violent, and then diminishes in the same way, and also for headache produced by vexation or pas- sion ; constant disposition to spit, the saliva being taste- less or sweetish. It is particularly valuable in sufferings of nervous and hysterical women. The symptoms are worse during repose, and relieved by motion. Pulsatilla for giddiness, which is worse after stooping, with momentary blindness and staggering, throbbing and shooting pains in tlie head ; one-sided headache ; head- ache every other day. The sufferings are sometimes at- tended with numbness of the limbs, are worse in the afternoon and evening, and better in the morning. It is most suitable for women of a mild disposition. Sulphur, if there is congestion of blood to the head, with pulsative pains and sensation of heat in the head, vertigo and staggering, principally when seated, or after a meal, attended sometimes by nausea, fainting, weakness, and bleeding from the nose; confusion of the liead, with difticulty in meditating, worse in the morning or evening; one-sided headaches, or headaches ou top of the head, the DISEASES OF WOMEN. 339 back part, or the forelR'ud over the eves, with dimness of siglit; periodical or intermittent lieadaclies, worse in the morning or evening, or at night. Tlie pains in the head are mostly aggravated by movement, walking in the open air, and meditation. MoRNiNQ SicKXESs.— ?^ausea, vomiting, heartburn, etc., are at the same time the most common and tlie most distressing accompaniments of preg- naucT. They usually begin five or six weelcs after conception, and con- tinue until the sixteenth week. After which time tliey generally abate or cease entirely; in some cases, however, they continue with but slight modi- fication to the end of pregnancy. These troublesome symptoms commonly take place immediately on ris- ing from bed in the morning, and are often exceedingly harassing for two or tliree hours. Occasionally they return again in the evening. Attention to the diet must lie particularly observetl in this afieotion. The food may lie taken at more frequent intervals and in smaller quantities— and when the vomiting is very persistent liquid food alone should be used. Ipecaaianlm should be given, when there is nausea and vomiting, with great uneasiness in the stomach and epi- gastrium; vomiting of drink and undigested food; bilious vomiting, and tendency to relaxation of the bowels. Nux vomica when there is nausea and vomiting, chiefly in the morning, while eating, or immediately after eating or drinking; acid and bitter eructations and regurgita- tions; violent hiccough ; waterbrash; pain and sensation of weight in the pit of the stomach ; constipation and irrit- able temper. Arsenicum if there is excessive vomiting, especially after eating or drinking, with attacks of feinting; great weak- ness and emaciation. Pulsatilla. Nausea after eating ; vomiting of food ; heart- burn ; eructations, acid, bitter, or with the taste of food ; depraved appetite, or craving for acids, wine, etc.; whitish coated tongue. Natrum muriaticum will be useful in obstinate cases, ac- companied by loss of appetite and taste; constant flow of water from the mouth; waterbrash, acid stomach; pain and soreness at the pit of the stomach. 340 DISEASES OF WOMEN. NiLV vioschata, see this and Veratnun, under "Affections of the Stoniacli." Phosphorus will be beneficial in cases in which the s\-niptoms are similar to those mentioned under Arseni- cmn, and which the latter remedy has failed to remove. Constipation.— Cimi-tiipaliiin is a vtrv common attendant on pregnancy, especially with persons naluially (^r a costive habit. Wlien it does not arise from a mechanical cause, it may Irciiiicntly be removed by active exercise in the open air, drinking freely of cold water, and eating plentifully of cooked or ripe sweet fruits. When these means are insufficient one or more of the following medi- cines may be given: Nux vomica, or in some cases it may be necessary to give Bryonia, Opium, Lycopodiwn or Sulphur. (See "Constipation.") Di.VKRHCEA. — Diarrhoea occurs occasionally during preg- nancy, much less frequent!}', however, than constijiation, but is much more injurious, and means should be taken to check it speedily, otherwise the health of the woman may suffer seriously. The medicines which are mostly beneficial are: Lyco- podium, Sulph^ir, Dulcamara, Antimonium crudum, Nux inoschata, Pulsatilla and Rlieuvi. (See " Diarrhoea.") Itching. Pruritus. — Many women are, during the course of preg- nancy, excessively annoyed and distressed at times by a very troublesome iti-hing of the privates. Sometimes this itching arises from a vitiated condition of the mucous se- cretion of the parts, and at others it is owing to the presence of an eruption resembling the thrush of infants, which occasionally entirely covers the mu- cous membrane of the vagina. In other instances again, the parts assume a dark red hue,' attended with great irritation and excoriation, and almost constant oozing of a thin, watery secretion, the accunnilation of which is attended with the most intolerable itching. This affection is not confined alone to the pregnant state, but iiitiy occur at any time. Bryonia, Carbo vei/i-tnhili^. .1/. /,■;;,■/«.<, Pulsatilla, LycopoiUum, Silicea, Sul- phur and Rhus are tin- rliii r iiimdirs in this complaint. The cure will be much andcraUil by frequently washing the parts with cold water. A solution of borax in water, ajiiplicd two or three times a day, will gen- erally remove the itcliiun' in a few (l;iys; the same result is often obtained by wa-sbing the parts with water sligli'tly acidulated with lemon-juice. DISEASES OF WOMEN. 3-11 Fatnting and Hysterical Fits. — Women of a delicate constitution and nervous temperament are frequently attacked with fainting and hysterics during pregnancy. Generally the attack passes over in a short tiriir wiiii- out any had consequences resulting. When the attacks are lif;lit, attention to dietetic rtdes, and plenty of e.xercise in the open air, will geiieially pre- vent their recurrence. But should the attacks he more severe, and these means insufficient for their removal, it may he necessary to trace the cause, and, if possihle, remove it. Frequently they arise from tight lacing, warm rooms, etc. The speediest means of reviving a patient from fainting is to admit fresh air in abundance, and sprinkle the face with cold water. Acomtum may be useful in preventing a return of the attacks, when they occur in individuals of a full habit. Coffea in nervous women, with great agitation; spasms in the abdomen ; difficult respiration ; cold perspiration, etc. Cinchona when caused by general weakness, particularly from hemorrhages, Chamomilla for hysteria which is excited by a fit of anger. Nux vomica when these affections occur in choleric per- sons, and are accompanied by derangement of the stomach. Belladonna is often useful after Aconitum, especially when there is congestion of blood to the head. Pulsatilla is best suited to women of a mild, easy dis- position, and when the attacks are attended by great ex- citability, with disposition to low spirits, etc. Ignatia is one of the most valuable remedies when the patient complains of severe headache; as if a nail were driven into the head ; melancholy, frequent sighing and concealed sorrow. Toothache. — Toothache is a very common affection during pregnancy, anil often attacks women who are seldom sulijcct to it at any other time. Frequently it is of exceedingly severe character. It most generally com- men<'es in a decayed tooth, whence it may e.xtend to the whole set, darting along the jaw, and also to the face and head. Occasionally, however, it originates in a sountl tooth, and consequently care sliould be taken to con- sult a physician previously to having teeth extracted. The medicines which will be most commonly found useful to relieve the suffering, are the following: Calcarea carbonica, Apis, Mercurius, Chamomilla, 342 DISEASES OP WOMEN. yiix vomica, Pulsatilla and Staphisagria. For the particular indications governing tlie clioice and repetition of tlic-^e remedies, and also for other remedies which may be useful, see the article ''Toothache," in a preceding chapter. Varicose Veins. — During pregnancy many women suffer a good deal from a distention of the veins in the lower extremities. The swelling gen- erally commences first about the ankle, and gradually extends upwards towards the thigh ; it is frequently confined to the leg below the knee, but occasionally the veins of the entire limb are implicated. The disease may involve both limbs, or it may be confined to but one. Tlie enlarged veins lie in general near the surface, and assume at first a reddish hue, and after continuing so for some time, become bluish or of a leaden color, and the large ones become very much knotted. They get larger when the patient is standing, or when the limb is hanging, and the swelling decreases on l^'ing down. This afiection, though occurring more frequently during pregnancy, is not confined to this state, but may take place at any time in the female, and is also met with in the male sex. The disease in the beginning is not painful, but if the swelling continues to increase, it may become so, and the veins may ultimately burst, and a large quantity of blood be discharged, either externally, or effused beneath the skin. Varicose veins are generally caused by obstruction to the circulation arising from the pressure of the enlarged uterus upon the blood vessels; their occurrence in an aggravated form, however, is indicative of constitu- tional debility. After delivery, the pressure being removed, the swelling gradually dis- appears, and the veins assume their natural size and appearance. Much good will often result from frequent bathing with cold water or diluted alcohol. Having the limb bandaged with an India rubber band- age, or making use of the India rubber stocking will also afibrd great re- lief, especially to persons who are compelled to be much on their feet. The bandage or stocking should be applied in the morning before rising, when there is the least swelling, beginning at the foot and progressing up- wards with a moderate and equal pressure. The patient should remain lying down in severe forms of the complaint. Pulsatilla will in most cases be found useful, especially if there is much swelling of the veins and of the whole limb, with great pain and more or less inflammation, or when the veins, and sometimes the entire limb, assume a bluish color. Arnica, too, may prove useful. Lachesis mav follow Pulsatilla when the latter has iiro- DISEASES OF WOMEN. 343 tluced some relief of the pain and swelling, but the dis- colurutiun still remains. Nax vomica when attended with cpnstiiiation, hemor- rhoids and irritable temper. Arsenicum, when with the symptoms mentioned under Pulsalilla, there are severe burning pains. Carbo vegdahilis for the same symptoms as the latter when that lias been insufficient. Lycopodium in cases of long standing after the failure of other i-eraedies. Hemorrhoids or Piles.— This affection frequently occurs in women pmlusL- as ahnost to amount to a hemorrhage. In the majority of instances, liuwevcr, ihey cease about the tenth day. In color and consistence tliey at first resemble menstruation, but gradually grow lighter colored, lose tlie redness entirely, and become successively yellowisli and wliitisli liefore their final cessation. When this discharge continues too long, or is too profuse, and also when it is checked suddenly, or suppressed from exposure to cold, errors of diet, or other cause, medical assistance is required. Orocus is indicated when the discharge is too long-con- tinued in too great quantitj^ and consists of dark colored or black blood of viscid consistency. Aconitum is also valuable in too profuse locliial dis- charges of a deep red color, and will frequently be found sufficient of itself to check them in tAvo or three days with- out the administration of any other remedies. Should Aconitum be insufficient, Calcarea carbonica may follow it with advantage, especially if the discharge be at- tended with a sensation of itching in the uterus. • Bryonia will be beneficial in cases of suppressed lochia, accompanied by headache ; fulness and heaviness in the h(>a(l, with pressure in the forehead and temples ; throb- bing in the head, aching in tlio small of the back, and scanty discharge of urine. It is also useful when the lochia are too profuse in quantity and of a deep red color, with internal burning pains in the region of the uterus. Pulsatilla will be most serviceable for sudden suppres- DISEASES OF WOMEX. 357 sion of the lochia, from mental emotions, exposure to dampness, or any accidental cause, particularly if it is fol- lowed by fever either with or without thirst; headache confined to one side ; coldness of the feet ; frequent desire to pass water. The symptoms are generally worse towards evening, and better in the morning. This remedy is also useful when the discharge is too scanty without being en- tirely suppressed. Dulcamara will be useful in cases of suppression occa- sioned by exposure to cold or dampness, and may either precede or follow Pulsatilla advantageously. Opium and also Aconitum, have been recommended for suppression arising from fright, and attended by conges- tion to the head. PlaUna for suppression consequent upon some mental emotion, and accompanied by dryness and over-sensitive- ness of the sexual organs. Belladonna will be serviceable when the discharge con- tinues too long and becomes thin and ofiensive, producing excoriation of the parts. Secale has also been recommended under the same cir- cumstances. Milk Fever. — Usually about twelve or twenty-four hours after delivery, milk makes its appearance; it may, however, be present at the time of, or even previous to delivery, or it may not appear until a later period than the third day. The coming of this secretion is frequently attended l)y so much suffering as to require medical attention. The following medicines will be found useful, when administered according tu the indications men- tioned under each. ^fr/u'cfl, given internally and the dihited tincture apjilied to the breast in the form of a lotion once or twice a day, will be beneficial when there is much distension, with soreness or hardness. Aconihim if there is much fever, with hot, dry skin ; red- ness of the face; breasts hard and knotted; restlessness; anxietv and discouragement. 358 DISEASES OF WOMEN. Bryonia after the latter, when the symptoms have been but partly removed by that remedy, and especially if there is oppression of the chest, violent paiu iu the head, and constipation. Belladonna may be given after Bryonia, when the latter has not been sufficient to remove the symptoms entirely. Chamomilla will have the preference when there is much nervous excitement, with restlessness; tenderness of the breasts, and inflamed nipples. Pulsatilla, in severe cases, when there is great distension of the breasts, with soreness and rheumatic pains extend- ing to the muscles of the chest, shoulders, under the arms, etc. A timely administration of this remedy will, in many instances, prevent a threatened attack of child-bed fever. Bhus toxicodendron, in cases similar to the latter, with rheumatic pains throughout the system; swelling, heat, and hardness of the breasts; headache; stifihess of the joints, and genei-al constitutional disturbance. A common and good local application to the lireasts, is to bathe them with hot lard and afterwards cover tlieni with raw cotton. Suppressed Secretion of Milk.— When from sudden and powerful mental emotions, exposure to cold or dampness, or any cause whatever, the secretion of milk has been suddenly checked and is foUowetl by some in- ternal or local congestion, determination of blood to the head, and the usual train of symptoms which constitute child-bed fever, the immediate administration of Pulsatilla will frequently be found sufficient to check the disease at the outset and restore the How of milk. If any unpleasant symp- toms still remain, they will in most cases yield to the administration of Calcarea carbonica. If real fever, dry, hot skin, quick, hard pulse, etc., makes its appearance, Aeonitum should be given, until some amelioration of the symptoms takes place. In some cases Bryonia, Belladonna, Rhus, Arsenicum or Sulphur may be called for. Excessive Secretion of Milk.— It sometimes happens that the secre- tion of milk is too abundant, causing painful distension of the breasts and involuntary emission of milk, followed by emaciation and debility. In cases of this description, Calcarea carbonica will generally give relief, or if it should !aH, Phosphorus or Bhus. Involuntary Emission of Milk. — Occasionally females are very much annoyed for some time after confinement by the constant escape of the DISEASES OP WOMEN. 359 milk, which keeps them continually wet, and makes tliem very liable to take cold on tlie slightest exposure. Unless it is owing to some organic delect of the nipple, tlie following remedies will generally relieve it. Cinchona when it is caused by debility from loss of iluids. RJhix if from over-distension in consequence of excessive secretion of milk. Catcarea carbonica, or Pulsatilla, may abso be useful in some instances. Dl,vreh[EXT OF INFANTS. 371 Cinchona for colic with distension and hardness of the abdomen; tlie attacks arc more liable to come on towards evening; screaming followed by laughing. Nux vomica, when the attacks of colic are attended by costiveuess. Pulsaiilla in flatulent colic, with rumbling of wind in the abdomen; shivering and paleness of the face, and tenderness of the abdomen. SWELLING OF THE BREASTS. Tlie breasts of infants are sometimes swollen at birth, or some time after; this is frequently caused or aggravated by tlie highly reprehensible practice of nurses and others of squeezing the breast with the mistaken notion that there is milk, or some matter in thera which should be pressed out. Mothers cannot be too careful in warning their nurses against tliis practice, as in some iniitances extensive suppuration has been produced by it, resulting in disorganization of the breasts, and in females, destroying their usefulness for ever. When the breasts are found to be swollen, a linen rag saturated with sweet oil should be applied to them, and in the majority of instances the swelling will disappear in a few days, and notliing else be required. If, liowever, the swelling should become extensive, and be accompanied by redness and inflammation of the breasts, a dose or two of Chamomilla, followed by Belladonna, may be required. It may also be necessary to apply a bread and milk poultice in severe cases. When the inflammation and soreness arises from squeezing and pressing the breasts and nipples, Arnka should be given. If suppuration has taken place, a few doses of Uepar should be given, and followed in two or three days by SUicea. CRYING. The occasional crying of infants should not be a cause for alarm, as this is the language by which their wants are made known. And hence they cry when they are hungry, need changing, or have lain too long in one position, etc. Only in cases where the crying is excessive, and the usual means of pacifying them fail, we may suppose they are sufiering from pain, and should immediately endeavor to ascertain the cause, which will fre- quently be found to be some mechanical irritation, such as derangement of the infant's dress, or a pin sticking into the flesh, etc. The most reprehensible, or rather criminal practice is that of giving laudanum, or other preparations of opium, to infants. They will be ruined Ot2 TREATMENT OF INFANTS. in body and mind by it, — they will never be so healthy, or grow to such an age, as they would do without ever having been poisoned in this way; most all of these unfortunate infants become either vicious or simpletons. Good-for-nothiug nurses will often, without the knowledge of the parents, give laudanum to infants, in order that they may not be disturbed in their ease and laziness. When, however, the child continues to cry for a long time without any apparent cause, — Belladonna will frequently prove serviceable, and also when it starts suddenly out of sleep and begins to cry violently. Aconitum or Coffea, if Belladonna sliould fail, will often be successful, especially when the crying i.s accompanied by uneasiness and heat. Chamomilla will also fre(]uently be useful, and especially if there be reason to think the crying is caused by earache or headache. RESTLESSNESS AND WAKEFULNESS. ; and inability to sleep are generally produced by giving the child injurious food, or overloading its stomach, or by the mother's drink- ing cofiee, wine, etc., or making use of some other improper article of diet. Sometimes it is caused by the child's head lying too high ; the head of an infant ought always to lie low. Coffea will often be sufficient to remove the restlessness, hot skin, etc. Opium when Coffea is insufficient, and there is redness of the face. Cliamomilla, if the restlessness be attended by flatulency and griping, with starts and jerkings of the limljs, or feverisluiess with redness of one cheek. . Belladonna, when the child appears to be drowsy but cannot sleep, or falls asleep for a few moments and starts up suddenly and cries. Pulsatilla or Ipecacuanha, when the restlessness arises from overloaduig the stomach. Nux vomica, if it is caused by cither mother or child taking cofl'ce or .•3i)irituous li(|Uors. TREATMENT OF INFANTS. 373 HICCOUGH. Hiccough, when long continued, sometimes gives rise to a good deal of uneasiness, especially to young mothers ; it is generally caused by exposure of some part, or of the entire body, to the air, even in a warm room, or while dressing or undressing the child. Wrapping the infant up warmly, or giving it the breast, will generally cause it to cease. Should it Iiowever continue, the administration of a teaspoonful of water, sweetened with white sugar, may be given ; and in case this should fail, a dose of Xux vomica. SCURF ON THE HEAD. Children are sometimes troubled with a dark or dirty-looking, unsightly incrustation, which generally makes its appearance on the top of the liead, partially covering the scalp. On removing any part of this crust, the skin will be found red and inflamed. It frequently emits quite an offensive smell, and is always annoying to the cliild by the irritation and itching it occasions. Removing it forcibly with a fine tooth comb will not cure it, but be more likely to aggravate it ; for so long as the diseased state of the scalp remains, it will be reproduced. It is generally caused by keeping the children too warm, or by inatten- tion to cleanliness, and is seldom found in children whose heads are regu- larly washed every morning, and after being properly dried, brushed with a soft hair-brush. Sulphur, administered night and morning for several days, will generally correct any tendency that may exist toward this formation. The crust may be removed by anointing it well with lard or cosmoline at night, and washing it off next morning with a weak solution of soda. This application may have to be repeated several times. .\nLK-CRUST. This is mostly an affection of young infants, and is characterized by an eruption of numerous small white pustules, appearing in clusters upon a red ground. They generally make their appearance first on the face, par- ticularly tlie cheeks and forehead, from whence they sometimes spread over tlie entire body. In a short time they become yellow or dark colored, burst, and form thin yellow crusts. The eruption is often attended by considerable redness and swelling of the surrounding parts, and with troublesome itcliing, which renders tlie child exceedingly restless and fretful, and causes it to rub the affected jiarts constantly, by which the scabs are torn off, and the disease is aggravated. 374 TREATMENT OF INFANTS. Aconitum should be administered first, when the erup- tion is surrounded by redness and inflammation of the skin, and the patient is very restless and uneasy. Rhus may follow Aconitum, if after the lapse of a few days the eruption appears to be but little improved. Sulphur will be beneficial after Rhus, when the latter fails to produce a favorable change, or when the improve- ment progresses but slowly. Viola tricolor is probably a remedy that cures more cases than any other. In bad cases a weak tea made of the dried plant as found at the apothecaries may be ajjplied daily to the scalp. This in addition to taking the remedy internally. Hepar, Arsenicum and Lycopodium may also be service- able in tedious cases. SCALD HEAD. RINGWORM OF THE SCALP. This disease is characterized by circular red-colored patches, covered with numerous small yellowish points or pustules, which do not rise above the level of the skin. These pustules soon break, and form thin scabs. The patches frequently unite with adjacent patches, and assume an irregu- lar and extensive appearance, and sometimes cover the whole head. These incrustations, by accumulation, become thick and hard, and when removed, the surface beneath is left red and glos.sy, but studded with slightly elevated pimples. By the long continuance of this eruption the hair is frequently destroyed ; it is commonly found in children from the age of two years to that of puberty; it is not confined to the scalp, but appears on the face, neck, and other parts of the body, and in such cases is less difficult to cure than when located in the scalp. This disease is often extremely obstinate; this is es- pecially the case when it has been neglected in the com- mencement, or treated with washes and unguents, the only effect of which has been to aggravate the complaint, and render the cure much more difficult when proi^er means are resorted to. Rhus will generally be the most appropriate remedy with which to commence the treatment, and under its action the disease will often undergo a favorable change. TREATMENT OF INFANTS. 375 SulplaiT may follow Ilhus, should the eruption become dry uud begin to exfoliate. SiapJtisagria, should it become moist and offensive, at- tended with violent itching, to be followed by Bhus again. Arsenicum must be given, if, notwithstanding the ad- ministration of the above remedies, the disease becomes worse, with corrosive discharge, or formation of ulcers; after the action of which Rhus will frequently produce a salutary effect. Should the foregoing remedies be insufficient to effect a cure, it will be requisite to resort to the use of Hepar, especially when the disease extends to the fore- head, face and neck, or when the eyes and eyelids become red and inflamed; or Bryonia, when the glands of the neck and tliroat be- come swollen, red and painful, or if they are swollen and hard without being painful. Dulcamara. Antimonium crudiim, will frequently have a salutary effect, especially when a thick scab is formed on the head, and the eruption extends over the entire face, with itch- ing of the whole body. In protracted cases of the disease, Calcarea curb., Lyco- podium, and Sulphur will often prove serviceable. Tl'ntil the disorder is removed, the strictest attention should be given to cleanliness; the head should be gently sponged with tepid water twice a da.v, tlie liair kept closely trimmed, and the homoeopathic rules of diet closely adhered to. SPASMS OR CONVULSIONS. When a child is attacked with convulsions, and no physician is at hand, the lower e.xtremities up to the knees may be immersed in water, as hot as it can be borne, for the space of five or ten minutes, or until the fit appears partially sulnlued ; after which the child should be wiped perfectly dry, and placed in a warm wrap])er; if the firet immersion is followed by no relief, or a second attack speedily follows, it should be rei>eated, at the same time cold water may lie applied to the head of the child ; this course, several times repeated, has often been foimd to restore children. 376 TREATMENT OF INFANTS. When some irritating substance in the stomach or intestines, or consti- pation is the probable cause, an injection of warm water, or mohisses and water, sliould be given as soon as possible. In the absence of the proper homoeopathic medicines, relief may sometimes be obtained by smelling camphor. The chief reliance, however, for the cure of the disease, is in the administration of one or more of the following medicines, carefully selected according to the symptoms and cause, as nearly as possible. The most favorable time for giving the medicine is just as the ht is going ofl; unless it continue a long time, or the fits follow each other in quick succes- sion, in which case the medicine must be given immediately, without wait- ing for the fit to terminate. Chamomilla is indicated, if there is convulsive jerking of the Umbs, twitcliing of the muscles of the face and eye- lids, with constant motion of the head from side to side, followed by drowsiness, with the eyes half closed, and loss of consciousness ; redness of one cheek and paleness ol the other, constant moaning, and craving for drink. Belladonna, when the child starts suddenly when asleep, or stares about wildly; the pupils are much dilated; stiff- ness of one or more of the limbs or of the wliole body ; dryness and burning heat of the forehead and palms of the hands ; involuntary discharge of urine after the return of consciousness; the slightest touch sometimes provokes a new fit. The fits are sometimes preceded by smiles and laughter. Ignatia is the chief remedy in the convulsions of chil- dren, especially when the cause is unknown, and the fol- lowing symptoms are presented ; sudden and violent start- ing from a light sleep with loud screaming, and trembling of the whole body ; when the muscles of single limbs are convulsed or there is an occasional spasm of a single mus- cle here and there in different parts of the body; when the fits return every day at the same hour, or every other day about the same time, and are followed by fever and persi)iration. Coffea is frequently serviceable in weak and nervous children who are subject to convulsions without any ap- parent cause, other than weakness. TKEATMENT OF INFANTS. 377 Ipecacuanha, in asthmatic children, when tlie fits are accompauied by nausea, retching and vomiting or diar- rhoea, and the attack is preceded, attended, or followed by stretching of the limbs. Cina is useful in delicate children who are troubled with worms or in the habit of wetting the bed ; spasms of the chest followed by rigidity of the limbs, or of the whole body ; and itching at the nose and anus. Mercurius, for spasms caused by worms, with distension and hardness of the abdomen ; tossing and stiffness of the limbs; eructation, salivation, fever and moist skin, and great weakness after the paroxysms. This remedy may precede or follow Cina advantageously. Opium is particularly suitable in convulsions caused by fright, and- attended by much trembling over the whole body, tossing of the limbs, and loud screaming during the fits ; also when the child lies unconscious as if stunned, or breathes heavily and with difficulty ; distension of the ab- domen and suppression of the evacuations. Hyoscyamus, in convulsions caused by sudden fright; with twitching of the muscles of the face and foaming at the mouth. Rheum, if accompanied by twitching and jerking in the thighs and groins. Stramonium, in sudden convulsions from fright, or when occurring in fevers or from repelled eruptions, with toss- ing of the limbs and involuntary evacuations of fseces and urine. Sulphur is especially serviceable in convulsions arising from repelled chronic eruptions. TEETHINCx. DENTITION. The period of dentition in children is senerallv attended with more or less derangement of health; greater restlessness than usual, especially at night; flushes of lieat and alternate paleness of the face; the gums become swollen and hot; difficulty in sucking; the child frequently takes hold of 378 TREATMENT OF INFANTS. the nipple, bites and lets go again; disposition to bite at everything; con- stant drooling and looseness of the bowels. The two latter symptoms may be looked upon as salutary, by preventing congestion of the brain or lungs, to which all children are more or less disposed at this time. The first set of teeth are twenty in number, and generally make their ap- pearance in the following order: the two middle lower teeth first, and when the child is about six months old; next the two middle incisors of tbi- \\]>- per jaw in three or four weeks after the first; soon after these tlu' two lower lateral incisors below, which are foHowed speedily by the two lateral incisors above. In about two months or in the 12th or 14th month after these first four jaw teeth appear, two below and two above ; shortly after these the eye teetli are cut; and finally, at the age of two or two and a half years, the four back jaw teeth, two above and two below, completing the set. There is, however, considerable variation from the above regular order and time of teethihg; some children get their first teeth two or three weeks after birth or indeed are born with them, while others again do not get any teeth until they are a year or more old. In healthy children when due attention has been paid to exercise, diet, etc., tlie period of dentition will generally be passed with comparatively little sufl^ering. The mother or nurse during the whole period of dentition should pay particular attention to her way of living, and avoid everytliing indigestible or stinuilating in its nature. She should especially abstain from the use of spirituous and malt liquors, which from their irritating properties are particularly injurious, and are one of the most frequent causes of the suffer- ings of children at this period. Lancing the gums, though seldom necessary, may be resorted to in weak, sickly children. The best instrument for this purpose is a gum lancet, the blade of which should be placed over the tooth, and an incision made through the gum to the tooth. In the absence of a proper lancet a pen- knife will answer the same end. It ought, however, never be done until you can see or feel the tooth tlirough the gum. Aeon Hum, when there is fever with much sleeplessness and pain, as evinced by the child's crying and starting. Belladonna, in convulsions caused bj' teething; the con- vulsion is followed by sound sleep, which continues for a long time, or until another fit comes on. The child starts suddenl}^ from its sleep as if frightened, and looks around as if terrified, with an altered expression of countenance; the pupils of the eyes are enlarged, and the eyes fixed ; the whole body becomes stiff; with burning heat in the palms of the hands and in the temples. TREATMENT OF INFANTS. 379 Calcarea carbonica, when tlie teething is too slow in chil- dren of light complexion, and who are inclined to be fat. Chaniomilla is particularly adapted to the various dis- eases of children during the period of dentition, and espe- cially when a child is very uneasy at night; tosses about; wants to drink often ; has spasmodic jerks and twitches of the limbs during sleep ; starts at the slightest noise ; gen- eral heat; redness of one cheek and of the eyes; moaning; groaning; agitation; short, quick, noisy respiration and oppression of the chest; hacking cough; mouth dry and hot; diarrhoea, with wateiy, slimy and greenish evacua- tions, worse at night. Olna may be given to children who wet the bed at night, and grind their teeth during sleep and at other times; have hardness and distention of the abdomen; rub the nose, and have a dry cough, resembling whooping-cough. C'offea, when the child is very excitable ; does not sleep ; is sometimes fretful and at other times too lively, with some fever. Ignatia, when there are convulsive jerkings of single limbs ; frequent flushes of heat, sometimes followed by I^erspiration ; the child rouses from a light sleep with piercing cries and trembles all over. Ipecacuanha is very useful in nausea and vomiting with diarrhcBa ; the stools are mixed, of different colors. Mercurius is applicable in cases of copious drivelling, redness of the gums, and green evacuations from the bowels, with straining. Sulphur maj' be given when the stools are M'hitish or hot and sour ; and excoriate the j^arts. SUMMER COMPLAINT. This disease, so commnn, and so often fatal, is most prevalent during the summer, and usually commences witli nausea and vomiting, followed by diarrhoea. The matters ejected consist at finst of food and afterwards of muais ; or there may be mere retching and fruitless efforts to vomit. The 38U TREATMENT OF INFANTS. evacuations from the Ijowels are very frequent and may assume various ap- pearances, sometimes they are greenish, tliin and watery, or yellowish, at others whitisli or slimy and mixed with blood. Often the food is passed undigested, and the odor is occasionally very offensive. If the diseiise continues for any length of time the child loses its appe- tite, the (lesh Ijecomes soft, and the emaciation frequently so great that the skin han-.s in luliLs about the person, fever with evening aggravation sets in, the tyc.^ arc Miiiken and but half closed during sleep. The thirst for cold water i.-. usually very great, and drinks of all kinds are immedi- ately rejected by the stomach. The head and abdomen are hot and the latter generally distended, while the feet and hands are cold. The most common exciting causes are, improper diet, either on the part of the mother or child, great clianges of temperature, improper clothing, want of fresh air, and teething. The latter is probably the most frequent cause, as children are more liable to this disease during their second At the season in which children are most subject to cholera infantum strict attention should be given to diet, exercise and clothing, both by mother and child. In regard to the diet, everything stimulating, such as vinous and fermented drinks, acids, all highly seasoned food, and most vegetables, should be dispensed with. And in general, the homoeopathic regimen as recommended in the beginning of this work, should be closely adhered to. The clothing should be adapted to the season, and changed to suit the changes of temperature, care being taken not to clothe the child too warmly. The rooms should be kept cool and well aired, and the chil- dren frequently taken out into the open air. Children living in large cities will be much benefited by a ride out into the country, or on the water by steamboat. Cool, fresh air, and daily bathing in cold water, cannot be too much re- commended. Antimonium ciiidum, when the tongue is coated white or yellow ; dryness of the mouth, with thirst ; nausea with vomiting, or retching and cough ; distension of the abdo- men with flatulency ; offensive, slimy stools ; and frequent passages of water. Arsenicum, if the child is very weak, pale and emaci- ated ; inflation of the abdomen ; cold extremities ; loss of appetite; nausea and vomiting; intense thirst; yellow and watery, white or brownish offensive diarrhoea, which is worse after midnight, towards morning, and after eat- ing or drinking. TREATMENT OF INFANTS. 381 Bryonia, wheu the diarrhoea comes on in hot weather, and is accompanied by much thirst ; vomiting of food ; nausea and vomiting after eating; diarrhoea with colic; the stools have a putrid smell, are white or brownish and lumpy. Carbo vegetabilis; if Bryonia affords but temporary re- lief give Carbo vegetabilis, especially if the evacuations are very thin and otlensive; and are attended with burning and much pain. Dulcamara, if the complaint returns every time the weather gets cool, or takes place after drinking cold water while in a heat; violent thirst for cold water; diarrh(Ea of a greenish or brownish mucus, worse at night. Ipecacuanha, if given in the commencement of the dis- ease will often arrest its progress at once. The symptoms which indicate this remedy ai-e chiefly nausea and vomit- ing of food and drink, or of mucus and Mle, attended with diarrhoea of fermented stools with white flocculent particles or tinged with blood; coated tongue; dislike to all food; and extreme thirst. Mercurius, when the diarrhoea is worse before midnight and is attended with colic, straining at stool, and perspi- ration; evacuations scanty, greenish, sour, and attended with nausea and eructations; if the children have a great desire for butter. Calcarea, for diarrhoea, with thin, light colored stools, smelling like bad eggs; vomiting; much sweat on head; belly enlarged. Cinchona when the diarrhoea occurs after every meal, the stools are very fetid and contain undigested portions of the food, and there is much wind in the bowels. Nux vomica, if Ipecacuanha should not be efficacious in arresting the disease at the outset. Veratrum, when the weakness from the nausea and vom- iting is so great as almost to cause fainting; great ex- haustion, vomiting, and diarrhoea; vomiting after swal- OOZ TREATMENT OF INFANTS. lowing the least liquid; the slightest movement excites vomiting; great thirst for cold water; sensitiveness over the pit of the stomach; colic, with hurning and cutting pains in the abdomen ; loose, brownish, and blackish stools ; and small unnoticed evacuations of liquid fseces. Sulphur will be valuable in protracted cases, especially when the evacuations from the Ixjwels are frequent and greenish, thin and watery, or whitish and slimy. RUPTURE OF THE NAVEL. UMBILICAL HERNIA. This affection sometimes occurs in young cliildren, and may be known by the unnatural protrusion of the navel. It is not often painful unless it becomes large ; when discovered to exist, a piece of pasteboard, cork, sheet- lead or other hard substance, should be covered with linen, placed over the navel and secured there by a broad bandage. This, by being constantly worn, will generally remove it. The rupture at the groin is quite common. Ntix romiea is the best medi- cine to be given. A properly adjusted bandage or truss is however of the utmost importance. DISCHARGE FROM THE EARS. "Gtathering in the ear" is very common in young children. It is generally preceded by violent pains, giving rise to screaming, roll- ing and tossing of the head, sudden starting out of sleep and more or less fever. As soon as the "gathering" breaks ami niatlcr is discharged, the pain ceases. The discharge is often prciluM^ ami clili'uult to cure. The matter is generally yellow, but occasionally it bfiomes greenish or dark colored, and extremely offensive. Belladonna, Mercurius, ChamomUla and PidsaliUa, are the best remedies for the pain. Mercurius, Pvhalilla, Calcarea carbonica, Bkm and Sidphur, for the dis- charge. The ear should be frequently syringed. See " Affections of the Ears." HEAT SPOTS. "PRICKLY HEAT." Infants and young children are frequently troubled with an eruption consisting of small vesicles, generally about the size of a pin's head; they are red and inflamed at the base, and filled with waterv fluid, .\fter TREATMENT OF INFANTS. 383 breaking, they sometimes form into thin scabs, and occasionally are dis- l)osed to ulcerate. There is usually more or less fever accompanying the eruption, wliich is often very annoying to children, on account of tlie itch- ing and burning with whicli it is attended. The heat of summer is the time at which this eruption is most preva- lent ; its development is also favored by warm rooms and an excess of cloth- ing. The disorder will generally be removed by frequent bathing and proper attention to ventilation and dress. Wlien attended by much fever and restlessness, a few doses of Aeonitum or ChamomiUa will aflbrd relief. Rlius may be given if the eruption is ex- tensive, and Arsenicum or Sulphur, if Jihus should be insufficient. Sulphur given at long intervals, will correct the tendency to this complaint. WHITES OR LEUCORRH(E.\ OF CHILDREN. Little girls are sometimes subject to a discharge of whitish mucus from the vagina, like the leucorrhcea of adults. It may be the result of inat- tention to cleanliness, or proceed from some constitutional or other cause. Frequent bathing with luke-warm water will generally cause its removal in a short time; or, if tliis should fail, the internal administration of Cal- curca carb., followed if necessary by Pulsatilla, will eflect a cure. WEANING. The most suitable time to wean children is generally wlien they are at about tlie age often months; by this time the teeth are usually .sufficiently developed to chew more solid food, and the mother's milk may be dispensed with. If the mother is delicate, the supply of milk begins to diminish in quan- tity and deteriorates in quality, or the menstrual flow reappears, the child should be weaned at an earlier period. On the other hand, the child should not be weaned while it is suffering much from the irritation of teething, or any other infantile disease, unless the health of the mother renders it absolutely necessarj'. As the teeth begin to appear, the child should gradually be accustomed to other food than the mother's milk, so that, when the period for wean- ing arrives, its digestive organs will be fully prepared for the change of diet. The most suitable seasons of the year for weaning, are the spring and autumn. After weaning, the child's diet should consist of simple, but nourishing food, such as bread and milk, arrow root, farina, boiled rusks, etc., and the transition to a more substantial fare should be extremely gradual. (See also page 62.) Mi TEEATMENT OF INFANTS. Tlie mother, also, after the child is taken from the breast, should be par- ticularly careful in her diet, and until the secretion of milk has ceased, live as low as possible. If the breasts become much distended and painful, they should be bathed with liot lard, and wrapped iq, raw cotton. It will also be necessary to have them drawn occasionally. At tlie same time the internal administration of Pulsatilla will aid materially in stopping the se- cretion. LIMPING. LAMENESS. This symptom should always be regarded with anxiety, as it may be due to beginning hip-joint disease or knee-joint trouble. A physician should always be consulted if a limp persists over a few days, since even the serious diseases mentioned above are usually curable if treated in the earliest stages. STUTTERING. The best time to cure stuttering is in the very beginning. Let the child, several times every day for a little while, breatlie slowly and clap its hands during each slow expiration ; afterwards, let the child pronounce a few words during expiration, but not during inspiration. Sometimes it is cured by a few doses of Belladonna, and afterwards Mereufius; or Ptatina, Euphrasia, or later. Sulphur. SQUINTING. See "Diseases of the Eyes." WEHING THE BED. Some physicians of the old school, because they cannot cure this com- plaint, have spread the notion that it is nothing but a bad habit, and that therefore the proper way of curing this bad habit is punishing, or even whipping the children. This is the way to bring up dogs, not children. Wetting the bed is caused in almost all cases by disease, which can be re- moved by the remedies stated below. In the first place the children must not eat any food which causes an in- crease in the quantity of urine, such as asparagus, celery, cucumbers, water- melons, etc.; all sharp, salty and sour things, malt liquors; also tea, cofiee and chocolate. In the morning they may take water and milk, or cocoa, but none of these articles at night; they may drink as much water as they like, it will diminish the acidity of the urine. To eat consideralile liutter at night is often beneficial. Do not let the children go to bed immediately TREATMENT OF INFANTS. 385 after supper; take them up about one or two hours afterwards, carry them to where tliey are iu tlie liabit of urinating, and they will soon do so vol- untarily. Older children are much benehted by gymnastic exercises, which make the will stronger, and teach them to pay prompt attention. It is often sufficient to get the children accustomed to hold their water longer, but this must be done carefully, for holding the urine too long is dan- gerous. It is best done while taldng a walk, particularly iu cold weatlier. Give older boys a glass to measure their urine in the morning, teach tliem to overcome tlie first desire to urinate, and to wait till it returns with paiu; let them take notice of time and quantity. The children are often foimd lying on their back, and this has been stated to be the cause of the complaint, and it has been foolishly proposed to fasten something on their back. No healthy person sleeps on his back, unless he is very much fatigued, and then only for a while. All healthy children sleep lying on the side. If, therefore, the children sleep upon the back, they will be benefited by PulsatiUa, Rhus, Ferrum, Sulphur, Calcarea; or sometimes Bryonia, Cin- chona, Nux vomica, or Tgnatia. If tliey do not sleep on the back, Bella- donna, Mercurius, Silieea, Cina or Causticum. Pulsatilla. Tender, gentle children, inclined to weep, who easily turn pale or red; particularly if they have dark hair and eyes, and if fat food does not agree with them; if the urine is offensive; if little girls have the whites, staining the linen; if they put the hands upon the abdomen, or both arms above the head. If they sleep lying upon the belly, compare Calcarea, Colocynthis and Belladonna. In similar cases, or to children who become easily angry or obstinate, and particularly if they put the arms above or under the head, give Niix vomica. Rhus. in similar cases, if the children have light hair and blue eyes ; if the urine is acrid, and passes too quickly even during the day, or runs out drop by drop. (Compare Belladonna.) Especially if gymnastic exercises do not agree with them, but they become worse or take cold. If Rhus should not be sufficient, give Bryonia, particularly if the children are very peevish. Ferrum for pale, thin, chilly children, whose hands and feet become easily cold ; who are sleepy the whole day, or at least early at night, dream much, and do not like to 38G TREATMENT OF INFANTS. get up in the morning ; who have a constant catarrh in the head or funning of tlie nose ; weak eyes, which in the open air are always full of tears ; who have, every time they take cold, either diarrhoea or cough. If Ferrum is not sufficient, and if the child easily turns red in the face, puts the arms over the head and is restless at night, give Cinchona. Sulphur for pale and, more particularly, thin children with large bellies, and who are constantly unwell, who do not like to be washed, are afraid of being bathed or cry when bathed ; who are fond of sharp victuals or cannot get enough sugar. Sulphur is the chief remedy, if you cannot come to a determination as to the proper remedy. Calcarea, for stout, fat, puffed-up children with red faces, who drink much and perspire easily; especially if they scratch their heads when awaking at night ; if in the night they pass water more than once ; also if they have during the day a very frequent desire to urinate, passing but little at a time. It is suitable for children with large bellies, if Sulphur is not sufficient ; also if they sleep lying on the belly or put the arms over the head. Belladonna if the children do not sleep on the back, or do so but seldom ; for self-willed, lively children, who cry easily, who sleep with the arms over tlie head or with the head bent backwards, or lie upon the belly ; particularly if the urine passes involuntarily also during the day, es- pecially when standing ; or if the water passes often and in great quantities, and is pale and watery ; if they easily perspire, and take cold readily. Mercurius for similar, also easily-perspiring children, who sometimes become suddenly weak, who have great desire for butter; if tlie urine is«hot and acrid and smells sour. SUicea for children with light hair and blue eyes, par- ticularly if they often have a swelled neck or boils, or if the (Mids of the fingers al)ont the nails ulcerate ; if wounds Ileal slowiv; if the complaint came on after vaccim.tiuu. TREATMENT OF INFANTS. 387 Cina if they bend the head baekwurdri wlien a^ileep, if duriug sleep tliey look up dreaming and are afraid ; and if the nose itches. Causticum i.s an important remedy (for grown persons too), particularly for children with black hair and eyes, if they wet the bed in txo iirst sleep ; the urine is acrid ; they pass water frequently by day and by night; the urine also pa.s.ses while coughing, sneezing, walking, etc. For children who can evacuate the bladder and stool only when standing, but not when sitting. Arsenicum is sometimes suitable wlicn tlie urine is hot and of a putrid smell ; if the children i)ut the arms over the head and lie upon the back. Hepar if the urine is hot and acrid, and the head is bent backwards during sleep. Carbo vegetabilis, if the urine is offensive. Dulcamara, urine offensive, and if wetting the bed has remained after some painful disease of the bladder. Colocynthis, urine sticky, the children put the arms under or above the head, and turn over upon the belly. If these medicines should not be sufficient, consult a homoeopathic phj'sician. There are sometimes other com- plaints which have to be taken into consideration, and other remedies. VACCINATION. In the former editions of this work I avoided speaking of vaccination. Hahnemann and many of his followers adduce vaccination as a proof of the homoeopathic law of cure. A similar disease taken from the udder of the cow prevents the similar small-pox in man. I had difl'erent views about the similarity of the symptoms, and believed that it always was an action in the opposite direction of the medicines {Gegenwirhcnde in der Arznei) that efliected a 388 TKEATMENT OF INFANTS. cure, but that the similarity of the symptoms pointed out the best and surest antidote to the disease {GegenmiUel). Just as one motion can only be arrested or annulled by another exactly similar one, but in the opposite direction, as we see in the motion of waves, sound, light, just so, I thought, it must be with the motions of life {Lebensbcwe- gungen). But vaccination was always a poisoning, even if it terminated favorably. When I therefore raised my voice against vaccination in a letter to Dr. Stapf, June 18th, 1830, printed in his " Archiv," vol. 10, part 2, p. 28, I did not do this until I was able to propose a plan to find a really sure antidote to small-pox. Which proposal, however, unheard-of and strange it might have seemed to be, was nevertheless based upon so correct reasoning, that later experience has always confirmed it. But still, some cases were not cured by this remedy. During the last twenty years the following three facts have been clearly established : 1. Vaccination protects less and less every year, for although small-pox is called by another name, it is still the same. 2. Vaccination is followed by complaints, which are either sudden and dangerous, or long-lasting and difficult to cure, and which from year to j'ear become more frequent. 3. We learn from year to year a more certain and better way of curing small-pox patients homoeopathically. As long as it must be admitted, notwithstanding fact No. 1, that vaccination, if done in the right way, protects in a great many cases and lessens the mortality in a great measure; as long, or in spite of fact No. 2, a great many children do not get seriously ill after vaccination, and as long as, notwithstanding fact No. 3, some children may yet die of small-pox — so long is an absolute decision impossi- ble, either in favor of or against vaccination. Until, there- fore, the honiffiopathic treatment of small-pox shall have been perfected to such a degree that all cases can be cured TKEATMKNT OK INFANTS. _ 389 with perfect certainty, vaccination is to be allowed, choos- ing the lesser of two evils and preferring the more certain remedy ; but it must be done under certain strict condi- tions, and so as to cause the least danger and the greatest protection to the children. Vaccination should always be done from the arm of a healthy child, whose parents, particularly the mother, are perfectly healthy.* As was at first invariably the case, the lymph must be taken on the sixth, seventh or eighth day after vaccination, from a perfectly developed vesicle, as long as the lymph is yet clear as water, not turbid or purulent. Puncture the vesicle on the side with a needle or lan- cet, just between the sunken point and the areola, the red border. As the interior of each vesicle consists of several small cells, a little drop only comes out. This little drop should be at once inserted into a small, oblique cut in the arm of the children. Deep cuts are senseless, and it is not true that they insure a better protection. The number of cuts are of no essential importance; one protects as well as ten. The more cuts are made, the more sick the child will become. Therefore, the younger and weaker a child is, the fewer cuts should be made. The best time for vaccination is, if the children are otherwise healthy, from the third to the twelfth month, at a time when they are not cutting teeth. If it has to be done at such a time, make only one cut. In cases of necessity, the lymph may be put into small glass tubes, and so preserved and transported; but in many cases the lymph thus preserved will fail. Never use the lymph after the ninth day, wlicn it has become thick, turbid or purulent. Still less should the dried-up pus, the scab, be used, which is the worst and * At this later date of revision it is so easy to procure the bovine virus tliat preference should be given the lymph derived from tlie heifer, when- ever this is possible. That on quills or on ivory slips is the most conve- nient to use. 390 TKK.VTMKNT OK INFANTS. most dangerous of them all. The physician, who fift)' or sixty years ago, introduced vaccination, cautioned against such vaccination ; all vaccinations during the first twenty or thirty years were invariably made with clear lymph. It cannot be denied, that vaccination with the scab causes pustules, but it is not the less true, that it causes many diseases difficult to cure, or that it does not protect well; the pustule, after vaccination with the scab, does not run the regular course ; it is sometime^ too fast, and sometimes too slow. Whether dangerous consecjuences after vaccination with the scab follow or not, is quite ac- cidental; we cannot guard against them, because it de- pends altogether on the circumstance whether the part of the scab used was putrefied or not. All animal substances, which are in the least putrefied, are dangerous when taken internally, but much more so when introduced into the skin, and through it into the blood. We have no means of knowing whether we have taken putrefied matter or not; it makes no great difference which part of the scab we take, the middle may as well contain putrefied pus as any other part. As the compensation of the physician, for vaccinating is so poor, in some cases it is even included in the scant fee for treatment during confinement, the bad habit of vaccinating with the scab, as the more easy and conve- nient way, has become so common, that most peo})le do not know of any other method. Nay, there is spread the most reprehensible and erroneous opinion, that the punc- turing of the pustule (to obtain the lymph), which, of course, the child does not feel, is dangerous, and lessens the protection; a most senseless and base notion, as every thinking physician admits. Every physician knows that in the beginning vaccination was without any excei)tion done from arm to arm, and that in many countries it is to this day against the law to do it in any other way ; and that in those times and countries the protection against TREATMENT OF INFANTS. 391 small-pox was and is intiuitely greater than for instance, in the United States. Tliis would be impossible, if punc- turing the pustule had the least influence upon the chil- dren. Why have we small-pox epidemics here again and again, which frighten the whole population of the larger cities? Onlj' because vaccination with the scab gives a quite uncertain protection. And why is it so generally feared here that children will get sick after vac- cination? Because ever}- one knows that many children do get sick after vaccination. Tliis is only the case when children are inoculated with the dried-up, half-putrefied matter, and not with the lymph from arm to arm. Even in countries where they scarcely know the word " civiliza- tion," nor the meaning of expressions like "great pros- perity, greatest good for the greatest number," even there it has never happened that parents made the slightest objection to other children being vaccinated from the arm of their own, successfully vaccinated, children. This new species of disgusting inhumanity was born here, as one of the many evils following vaccination with scabs. Everywhere, among people of sense, it is considered an honor to a family to have a child which is selected to vaccinate other children from. Now, as from ten to twelve children can be vaccinated from one child without doing it the remotest injury, and as there will be among them at least one health)' child to vaccinate from again, — there can never be any more want of good lymph, if not caused by the most stupid egotisn*!. In many large cities there is the most miserable and perverted regulation of paj'ing from the public funds to young physicians a certain sum for each child vaccinated, without requiring any proof, whether, how, and with what success it has been done. This money could be spent for a much better purjiose, if the poor were invited to take their children to a certain place to be vaccinated, and if they did, to return after six or eight days to have 392 ERUPTIVE FEVERS. the children examined ; and if a certain sum of money were paid to the parents of each perfectly healthy child, from which others could be vaccinated, each physician might take a healthy child to othei-s which have to be vaccinated. Hahnemann has proposed to give to every vaccinated child a dose of Sulphur as soon as the pustule is formed, and if an eruption breaks out on any part of the body when the pustule is drying up, another dose. To give Aconitum for the fever after vaccination is in- jurious, as shown in many cases. The best remedy, confirmed by hundreds of cases, for bad consequences of vaccination, is Silicea. It is service- able for eruptions, swelled glands under the arm, or boils on the head; for very red, inflamed and suppurating swelling of the arm, extending sometimes to the shoulder- joint, which brings the child into great danger; also for long-lasting complaints: hectic fever, with cough, niglit- sweats, tetters in different places, red pimples on the face, and particularly on the neck, and even for convulsions, which follow one or two weeks after vaccination; also for " water in the head," which has come on rapidly after the drying of the pustule. CHAPTER XIII. ERUPTIVE FEVERS. When an eruption is accompanied by fever, tlie patient must be careful not to take cold, but at the same time lie should not keep himself too warm ; either may prove injurious. When there is no fever attending the rasli, tlie complaint is not of a serious nature, yet cold should be guarded against; if the patient takes cold, notwithstanding, resort should be immediately had to medicine. All cases of eruption attended with fever, which has been suppressed, ERUPTIVE FKVEI-.S. 393 require the same remedies which are prescribed for tlie eruption itself; if not clearly characterized, give Ipecacuanha, followed by Hryunia, Cuprum, then Sulphur, then Calcarea in very severe cases. A homoeopathic physician will know at once which of these to choose ; those who du not know which to choose may try one after the other at intervals of about an hour. When an eruptive disease is prevalent in the neighborhood, or is even in the house, and several individuals are taken ill at the same time without a corresponding eruption, but with a feeling of contraction about the chest, difficulty of breathing, frequent giddiness, trembling, faintness, sickness at the stomach, vomiting, griping, diarrhoea, great uneasiness, fainting and other symptoms, give Ipecacuanha to bring out the eruption, or prevent the disease altogether. MEASLES. Measles are usually preceded by catarrhal symptoms, such as profuse watery flow from the eyes and nose; short, dry and distressing cough; the eyes have a peculiar watery appearance, and become more or less inflamed. The fever at times becomes very high ; nausea and vomiting often set in, and there is pain in the pit of the stomach on pressure. The eyes are more sensitive to light; the cough more violent and accompanied by hoarseness and difficulty of breathing, and a feeling of tightness across the chest. In from two to five days the eruption appears ;»s small red spots, of an irregular shape, the size of a lentil and slightly raised above the surface. The eruption makes its appearance in the throat about twenty-four hours before it is seen externally on the skin ; here it is usually first seen about the head, near the borders of the hair, and on the temples; then on the forehead, face and neck, from whence it spreads to the trunk and limbs. If you press your finger upon a single spot, the redness will disappear, but after taking off the finger, the redness will return, first in the middle and tlience spread to the margin; in other similar diseases, the redness re- turns in the reverse order, first on the margin and then in the middle. The red spots generally run together in patches ; in about five days from its first appearance it begins to die away, and gradually disappears in the same order as it advanced. The cuticle (thin skin) sometimes comes off" in small bran-like scales, and the cough and other catarrhal symptoms yield. Aconitum, the chief medicine in this complaint, is espe- cially indicated when the fever is violent, with hot, dry skin; heat in the head; giddiness; redness of the eyes and dread of light, and great weakness. Pulsatilla, when the catarrhtil symptoms predominate, — 394 ERUPTIVE FEVERS. when the eruption is tardy in coming out; if it fails to produce an abatement, Sulphur should be given, and afterwards Aconitum again. BeUtiihmna, when the throat becomes sore, attended with thirst, difficulty of swallowing, shooting and prick- ing pains in the throat; and also when there is dry, bark- ing or spasmodic cough, worse at night, with rattling of mucus; likewise in those cases where the eruption does not appear, but there is headache and great inflammation of the eyes; congestion towards the head. Euphrasia, when the catarrhal symptoms, cough and inflammation of the eyes, with great watering, are very prominent. Ipecacuanha is most serviceable in arresting the vomit- ing; also when there is oppression of the chest. Bryonia, when the eruption is imperfectly developed, or when there is congestion to the chest, with shooting pains or stitches, increased by taking a deep inspiration; and violent dry cough. Sulphur in cases of congestion or inflammation of the lungs. Arsenicum will be required if the sickness or vomiting and oppression of the chest re- main after the use of Ipecacuanha. In the severe cases, with typhoid sj-mptoms, Arsenicuvfi, Bryonia, Pliosphorus and Rhus will be useful. Measles frequently leave behind diseases more dangerous than them- selves; consequently great care is required in the after treatment. In scrofulous children, troublesome swelling and inflammation of the glands, especially those of the neck, are apt to occur; or the eyes may be affected with diseases, difficult to cure, and the foimdation be laid for con- sumption of tlie lungs. A form of disea.>f \i luii' none of these things give re- lief, take camphor and mix it iviili llic sliiivh, or wash the parts with water in which camphor, previously dissolved in spirits, has been mixed. DISEASES OF THE SKIN. 401 Many kinds of itching may be quickly cured by medicines ; for instance if it always commences when undressing, Nux vomica or Arsenicum will gen- erally relieve it; when it is very troublesome after gettin"; into bed. as if caused by insects, and when scratclied, moves from one ]j|ar.- tu aimther, give /yna(ia. When it does not commence until the pMiitiit has lnTume warm in bed, Pukatitla; if this does not answer, Mercuriun, parliciilarly wlien it continues the whole night; if not relieved, give Sulphur a couple of days after, and later, Carbo vegetabilis ; when the itching is accomi)anied by intense burning, give Rhus, or Apis, or afterwards Hepar; when scratdi- ing produces a great deal of bleeding, give Mcrcurius and Sulphur, aUer- nately, every week, until better. ITCH. SCABIES. It is very easy to get rid of the itcli by ointments or other outward ap- plications, it does not require any skill to do this. The suppression of the itch always causes otlier diseases wliich appear sometiims directly, snme- times after a few weeks, and in other cases only after yeai>; the hiiir they appear the more difficult they are to cure. It is, thercluiL', sLiiselLss and wrong to expose oneself to such a danger, be the trouble from the com- plaint ever so great. Amongst the many kinds of itch which trouble man, there is one caused by the presence of a very small mite under the scarf skin, where it makes its tracks and deposits its eggs, causing the eruption of little pustules. All cleanly persons will observe this the first day. You can see the tracks distinctly enough, but it requires great experience and very good eyes to see the mite. In tlie very first beginning, one may always get rid of the itch easily, and without danger, liy outward applications. \ good preventive and protection is the balsam-apple; put a few branches of the plant into the bed. Also balsam of Peru, shaken with water as a wasli, will drive away the mites and prevent infection. But if the eruption has already appeared, take of the finest powder of sulphur, sold by druggists under the name of milk of sulphur, pour alcohol upon it, shake and let it settle ; mix a teaspoonful of the clear fluid with a pint of water, and wash witli this mixture all parts which itch. If it gives no re- lief make it stronger; if you can see their traces, put sonje of this alcohol upon them with a camel's hair brush. If the pustides are large and full, it is better to shake some common mercur)- with alcohol and use it the same way. In ca.ses in whicli the washing does no good, because there are no mites present, take : Mcrcurius, and after a few days Sulphur, and so on alter- 26 402 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. ternately ; if it gets better do not then take them so often ; if it does not improve at all, take other remedies. Carho vegetabilis every other day, if the vesicles are small and dry; or Hepar, once night and morning. If the pustules are large, take Mercurius; then Sulphur, and afterwards C'austicuvi, night and morning, in water. If the pustules are large, and become yellow and blue, take Lachesis; repeat it as often as the pains get worse. If it disappears too suddenly, take Sulphur or Arsenicum until it returns. ROSEOLA. Roseola consists of an eruption of rose-colored spots of varying size, greatly resembling measles. There is slight fever, and often some redness df the throat. The eruption fades in a few days, and is attended by no catarrhal symptoms. It frequently depends on some derangement of the stomach or bowels, is more common in warm weatlier, and is most com- mon in young children. The disease is not serious nor contagious, and usually only needs according to the symptoms: Aconiiuvi, Belladonna or Pulsatilla, for its treatment. NETTLE RASH. URTICARIA. As indicated by the name, this eruption looks like the patches or wlieals caused by the stings of nettles. The olcvatii ms arc generally of a red color, with white wheals on the surface. S.uiii umus, hcwiver, there is little or no redness, and the elevated parts are \<:\\iv than tlic surface around them. The eruption is always attended liy |iii. kin^ and itching, especially when the jiaticnt jicts wai-!u in Ind; ainl ii i- iih-ily preceded by nausea or vuiu- itini;, loss of ai))ietile, thirst, fiiiieil loiimu-, etc. In some instances, indeed, the skin is very liot and dry, ami the ]iulse gre.atly accelerated. This disease may originate from some jiarticular article of diet; in some persons sheU-fisl^ invariably produce it; in others it is induced by bitter almonds, vinegar, salad, cucumbers, mushrooms, honey, etc. Aconitum, if the eruption is i^receded by muih fev(_'r, with hot, dry .skin, thirst, furred tongue, hard and quick pulse, restles-sness and anxiety. Dulcamara, when excited by exposure to cold or damp. DISEASES OF THE SKIN. 403 when occurring in wet weather, or when attended with some fever, bitter taste in the mouth, diarrhoea at night, foul tongue, and violent itching and burning. Pulsatilla, when the eruption has been produced by eat- ing unwholesome food, and is attended by looseness of the bowels in the morning. This remedy is particularly suit- able for females and persons of a mild temper. Rhus, when arising from some peculiarity of constitu- tion, in which the attacks are excited by some particular article of food. Bryonia, when the eruption has suddenly disappeared from the surface, and is followed bj' difficulty of breath- ing, pain in the breast, etc. Belladonna should be given when the eruption is at- tended by violent headache and red face; the children cry much; the patches are yellowish-red, and rubbing eases the itching. Apis, if the patches are bluish-red, or pale and trans- parent, with much swelling, itcliing, stinging and burn- ing; rubbing cannot be borne at all, or if hard rubbing only gives relief; the children become angry easily. Hepar, when attended by severe catarrhal symptoms, principally affecting the head, and worse on one side; if commencing on the arms and chest ; worse in the open air ; for persons of a violent, irritable temper. Cepa, when accompanied by catarrh; if the eruption begins on the thighs; is better in the open air; for sleepy, fearful and anxious persons. Nux vomica is indicated when the eruption is excited by indulgence in spirituous or malt liquors. Arsenicum, if caused by eating unripe fruit, or in severe cases, worse at night, followed by a croup-like cough ; also after the disease has been suddenly suppressed. Calcarea, when the eruption always appears more after cold washing, or has been suddenly repelled. Spirits of camphor (a drop on sugar) will sometimes re- 404 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. move the disease, when it siuklenly comes on after taking acid fruit or vinegar. External applications of all kinds should be avoided in this as well as in other acute eruptive diseases, as their use is liable to cause a sudden disappearance of the erup- tion, which may have serious or fatal consequences. Ill the chronic forms of this disease, the remedies which have been found useful are, C'alcarea, Lycopodium, Causti- cum, Sulj^hur and Carbo vegeiabilis. ERYSIPELAS. ST. ANTHONY'S FIRE. ROSE. Aconite is indicated in cases attended by much fever, hot, dry skin, thirst, etc. Bellodonna, in erysipelas accompanied with acute shoot- ing pains, heat and tingling; the redness commencing in a small spot and extending in rays; swelling. It is par- ticuhirly valuable in erysipelas of the face; excessive swelling, so that the eyes are closed, and the features can scarcely be recognized; headache; thirst; hot, dry skin; restlessness and delirium. Rhus, if small or large blisters appear; or Graphites. Bryonia, when the disease attacks the joints, and the pain is increased by the least movement. Sulphur is sometimes required after Bryonia. Lachesis, if the blisters become bluish. Apis, if it burns and stings, and if the patients do not like to be touched, become ill-humored, and cannot bear the warm room. Pulsatilla after Rhus, particularly in wundering erysip- elas (when the redness disappears in one place, to reap- pear in another), and the skin is more of a bluish-red; also in erysifjelas of the ear; and likewise when the at- tacks follow some particular articles of food, in persons predisposed to the complaint. Bryonia and Rhus are also useful in cases of this kind. DISEASES OF THE SKIX. 405 Arsenicum, when the erysipelas assumes a blackish hue, with a tendency to gangrene, accompanied by great pros- tration of strength. Carbo vegetabUis may in some instances follow Arsenicimi. Hepar, Mercurius and Phosphorus are of importance when the erysipelas terminates in abscess. Arsenicum and Sulphur in cases terminating in ulceration. And in some of the chronic forms, Silicea, Sulphur and Hepar will prove serviceable, but it is much better to consult a homoeopathic physician, even at a distance. To allay the itching and heat which is sometimes intolerable, cotton wool may be laid upon or wrapped around the afiected -part, or powdered starch may be dusted over the surface. Greasy applications and washes of every kind should be prohibited, as tliey almost always aggravate the dis- ease, and may prove highly dangerous by suddenly repelling the eruption. If erysipelas has been repelled, give Cuprum, which is also serviceable if the erysipelas was at first slight, then disappeared and returned in a more violent form. BOIL. FURUNCLE. A boil consists of a painful, hard, round, or rather a cone-shaped tumor, which inflames and suppurates; the matter discharged being mixed with blood, and afterwards composed of pus, and a whitish, round, elongated, liard mass called a core is formed. Some persons have a peculiar constitutional predispo- sition for boils; they also frequently follow after acute fevers, and other diseases. Arnica will lessen the pain and inflammation, and fre- quently prevent their recurrence. Sulphur in cases where there is a frequent return of boils. By giving Arnica while the boil is inflamed and swollen, and a dose of Sulphur occasionally, after it has healed, this predisposition may be gradually removed. Belladonna, if it presents a fiery -red or erysipelatous appearance, or if it is attended by swelling of the glands under the arms, or in the groins, with fever, thirst and headache. 406 DISEASES OF THE SKIN. Hepar, in cases where the suppuration is too slow and scanty. Mercurius, if the suppuration is profuse, and the swell- ing remains. Lacliesis for very painful boils which become bluish and form rapidly. CARBUNCLE. MALIGNANT FURUNCLE. It is larger and liarder than a boil, extends further, is of a livid hue and opens in several places; the patient sufi'ers more, generally there is sleeplessness, prostration, want of appetite, etc. After it has opened there is no relief, and finally, portions of the skin and deeper parts slough. It appears more frequently in old or debilitated persons, and is inclined to appear on the back, near the spine or on the back of the neck. Cases in persons whose general health has previously been undermined, and those which are treated improperly may end fatally. Arnica given at the very first may lessen the pain, and prevent it altogether; if so, Nux vomica will remove the remaining symptoms, particularly in old drunkards. Arsenicum, as soon as it is spreading, with a burning . pain, worse at night; great general weakness; restlessness at night; also when the sloughing is attended with a violent burning pain, and prostrates very much; if the patient is irritable and despairing. Hepar, if the patient is weakened by the copious dis- charge; the openings run together and form a large cavity; if there is weakness of voice. Silicea, pain and burning moderate; the patient not altered in his mind, or of a mild temper; or if lie cannot sleep for restlessness and heat in the head; sweat on the head; or if he has a festering skin. Lachesis if bluish spots or blue blisters appear, or if little sores come out around the larger one. DISEASES OF THE SKIN. 407 WHITLOW. FELON. Poultices of bread and milk, linseed meal, or yeast, sometimes give re- lief, and are always useful in softening the skin. Applications of warm soft scKip, or common brown soap, to the aflected part, will occasionally re- move the pain and swelling. But in most cases such applications only hasten a superficial suppuration, and make the case more serious and pain- ful in the end. It i.s much better to apply nothing but cloths, wet with cold or warm water, whichever agrees best, and keep them wet day and night, while taking one of the following internal remedies: McTcurins should be given in the commencement, and will often prevent the disease from going on to suppura- tion. Sulphur, taken after it, will frequently complete the cure. Hepar, when the pain becomes violent, throbbing, and the swelling increases. Causticum after Hepar, if this did no good at all. Silicea, if Hepar improved it somewhat, but when the pain is intense, and the swelling continues unabated. Lachesis, in cases where the affected part is of a deep red or bluish color. Arsenicum should be given if the sore becomes angry- looking or black, with burning pain. Sulphur and Silicea, administered alternately, at inter- vals of six or eight days, will remove the tendency to a return of the disease. It may sometimes be necessary, after matter is formed, in order to relieve the sufferings of the patient, to lay open the parts freely with a knife. ULCERS. In the treatment of a simple ulcer in a person of sound constitution, all that is necessary is to dress it with some mild and fresh ointment, as for example, cosmoline; spread on lint or on a fine linen rag, to protect it from external injury and prevent the evaporatipe;ired to prevent the frequent recurrence of the fever in some ciuses, it may be used until we know of a better preventive. I'lU-ticular attention should be paid to the manner of living ; eat nothing that lies heavy on the stomacli; avoid p;istry, things baked or roasted with fat, and all kinds of badly dresseil food, eat well cooked meat and vegeta- bles, or meat which has been slowly and properly stewed in a closed vessel, with much gravy without any seasoning except salt. Whilst the fever prevails, pies are very injurious. Raw ham, but well smoked, like that from Westphalia, with black pep- per is more wholesome than when it has been rendered indigestible by being overdone by frying. Everything acid and fat should be avoided at such times; acids are good in the heat of summer; fat may be used in cold weather. During the cold stage let the patient be well covered with blankets which are perfectly dry ; if you have a silk coverlet, wrap it around the lower extremities and abdomen, if the patient finds it agreeable. In the hot stage, linen or muslin makes a better covering. Frequent wiping with a warm, wet cloth also gives much relief in this stage. During the sweating stage, the patient sliould not be covered too warmly; and after it is over, the linen au'atrum muriaticum, Nux moscliata. during the heat — Iguatia. after the chill.— Arsenicum. Great nervous and mental excitement.— Aconitum, Arsenicum, L'el- ladunna, iiryt'uia, Chamomilla, Coliea, Ignatia, jNux vomica, Pul- satilla. Rush of blood to the head (with giddiness, delirium, stupor). — Aconitum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Carbo vegetabilis, Glonolne, Hyoscyamus, Lache.sis, Nux vomica. Opium, Pulsatilla, Rhus. Violent headache.— Arnica, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Cinchona, Glonoine. Ignatia, Lachesis, J^atrum muriatkum, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Rhus. Deranged stomach. — Antimonlum crudum, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Ignatia, Ipecacuanha, Natrum muriaticum, Nux vnnii.a, I'ulsntilla, Sulphur. Vomiting. — .\ntimonium criidnm, Arsenicum, Bryonia, Cinchona, Cina, Ignatia, Nux vomica, I'lilsalilla. Vomiting during the chill. — Bryonia, Ignatia. after the chill. —Arsenicum, Nux vomica. during the heat.— Nux vomica. of bile. — Bryonia, Ignatia, Nux vomica. of mucus. — Cinchona, Ignatia, Pulsatilla. of victuals.— Ignatia. Tongue coated V?hite. — Antimonium crudum, Bryonia, Nux moschata. sticky, dry, during the chill.— Bryonia. Diarrhoea.— Arnica, Arsenicum, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Ipecacuanha, I'ul.sitilla, Rhus, Veratnim. Constipation. — Arsenicum, Bryonia, Calcarea, Mercurius, Nux vomica. Spleen, hardness of.— Nux moschata. pain in. — Capsicum. Liver, pains and swelling of — Arsenicum, Cinchona, Jlercurius, Nux vomica. Catarrhal symptoms (cough, etc.). — Aconitum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Cinchona, Ilepar, Lachesis, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Sulphur. Oppression of the chest and difficulty of breathing— Aconitum, Antimonium crudum, ,\rnica, Ar.senicum, Bryonia, Cinchona, p"errum, Ilepar, Ipecacuanha, Lachesis, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Sulphur. 430 GENERAL DISEASES. The above accompanying complaints are present particularly : Before the attack. — Arnica, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Calcarea carbonica, Carbo regekibilis, Cinchona, Cina, Ignatia, Ipecacuanha, Nalruin murialicum, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Sulphur. During the chill. — Arnica, Arsenicum, Bryonia, Calcarea, Capsicum, Carbo vegetabilis, Ciiichuna, Cina, Hepar, Ignatia, Ipecacuanha, Lachesis, Mercurius, Natrum muriaticum, Nux moschata, Nux vomica, Pulea- lilla, Rhus, Veratrum. During' the heat. — Aconitum, Arsenicum, Bryonia, Belladonna, Calcarea, Capsicum, Carbo vegetabilis, Chamomilla, Cinchona, Coflea, Hyos- cyamus, Ignatia, Ipecacuanha, Lachesis, Mercurius, Natrum muri- aticum, Xux vomica. Opium, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Sulphur, Veratrum. During the sweat. — Aconitum, Arsenicum, Bryonia, Chamomilla, Lach- esis, Mercurius, Nux vomica, Opium, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Sulphur, Veratrum. After the attack. — Arsenicum, Bryonia, Carbo vegetabilis, Coffea, Ignatia, Lacliesis, Nux vomica, Pulsatilla, Khus. Pulse, intermittent. — Arsenicum, Cinchona, Lachesis, Mercurius, Na- trum muriaticum, Nux vomica, Opium. apparently wanting. — Aconitum, Arsenicum, Carbo vegetabilis, Ilyoscyamus, Opium, Veratrum. Pulse hard. — Aconitum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Hyoscyamus, Nux vomica. Sulphur. — small. — Aconitum, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Hyoscyamus, Lachesis, Mercurius, Nux vomica. Opium, Veratrum. slow. — Belladonna, Cinchona, Mercurius, Opium, Pulsatilla, Rhus, Sambucus, Veratrum. • — hurried. — Aconitum, Arsenicum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Hyoscya- mus, Jlercurius, Pulsatilla, Sulphur. irregular. — Aconitum, Antimoniuni crudum, Arsenicum, Bryonia Cinchona, Hepar, Lachesis, Mercurius, Natrum muriaticum, Rhus. full.— Aconitum, Belladonna, Bryonia, Ferrum, Hyoscyamus, Lach- esis, Nux vomica. Opium, Pulsatilla, Sambucus, Sulphur. soft. — Carbo vegetabilis, Cinchona, Veratrum. trembling. — Arsenicum, Mercurius, Rhus. CONGESTIVE OR PERNICIOUS FEVER. REMITTENT OR BILIOUS FEVER. These fevers, like intermittent fevers, are caused by a poisonous air, called miasma. In tlie commencement they may be treated as stated under Fever and Ague. But GENERAL DISEASES. 431 they should always be treated by a homoeopathic physi- cian. If the blood rushes to the head, causing very soon loss of consciousness, Glonoine should give relief; seldom Aconitum, and still more seldom Belladonna, according to the symptoms stated under " Congestion to the Head and Headache." TYPHOID FEVER. This disease is one which, like scarlet fever, diphtheria and others, may arise from filth acciimulatinn, bad sewerage, etc. There is, however, no longer any doubt but that tlie iliscasi- is directly propagated by means of the evacuations from the bowel-, Inr ihe essential feature of typhoid fever is ulceration of a portion of llie small intestines; in these ulcerating sur- faces the seeds of the disease originate, and possessing strong vitality they resist many destructive influences. Hence in whatever manner these germs of the dise;ise reach the system, they reproduce the disease of which they were the product. Privy vaults into which the dejections of typhoid fever patients have been thrown may drain into a contiguous well, or streams of water may in some way be contaminated by the evacuations; those drinking water from these sources are apt to contract the disease, or possibly the microscopically minute particles which constitute the seeds of typhoid fever may enter a house, being introduced by sewer gas. Milk sometimes carries the contagion — the vessels of the dairy having been washed in water which is contaminated — and sometimes the disease arises from eating the flesh of cattle suffering from a form of typhoid fever. In caring for patients with this disease the greatest care should be observed in disposing of the fiscal evacuations of the sick, for therein lies the entire danger of contagion. Typhoid fever is essentially a febrile disease. In its varied manifestations it runs through a course of several weeks. Many patients succumb to it, though homceopathic treatment saves a larger per- centage than any other. Frequently tlie disease is cut short in the begin- ning by homnjopathic medicines. Attention to the food, giving mainly a milk diet, and no solids whatever, is of the utmost importance. Good nurs- ing and proper feeding are indispensable agents in its treatment, perhaps more so than any other disease. The medicines chiefly used in homoeo- pathic practice are Baplisia,Bryonia, Rhus tox., Phosphoric acid, Arsenicum and Hijoscyamua. The disease is so varied in its character, as it attacks different persons, and the symptoms are so numerous and frequently so obscure at first, that it is better not to pursue the subject further in this work. The premonitory symptoms, as affecting the head, bowels, etc., can be prescribed for under directions to be found in other divisions of this book. Should symptoms of any gravity threaten, a physician must be called. 432 GENKRAL DISEASES. YELLOW FEVER. As sure as the cholera will never pass a boundary line — sulphuretted hydrogen — or spread among people with sulphur in their stockings, so sure can it be said to Yellow Fever: "Thus far, and no farther!" But being a very different disease, it must be done in an entirely different way; sulphur would only promote the evil. Just as I recommended Fear, Care and Sulphur in Asi- atic Cholera, so I recommend Fright, Run and Charcoal in Yellow Fever. Fright, because it would make people run away. Every one who can possibly go away ought to do so; the sooner the better; even the sick should be scattered, never crowded. Yellow Fever has always one or more central points whence it spreads around, and is always communicated by inhalation. The substance carrying the disease is of gaseous nature, and it acts on others not only more or less according to their state of susceptibility, exactly as it is in all infectious diseases, but this infectious gaseous substance must be in a certain state of condensation; it does not act if much diluted, that is mixed with a large body of air. In this respect the cause and carrier of Yellow Fever, the miasma, as it is called, diflers from others; it is only similar to the miasma from swamps, causing intermittent fever, but this latter is confined to certain localities ; it cannot be carried about from place to place, it cannot be spread by the sick and dead. Single cases of Yellow Fever, scattered about particu- larly in a pure atmosphere, in an air higher, cooler and more in motion, will never spread tlie disease, and have never done so. Therefore, the sooner and wider apart the sick are scattered, the sooner the whole epidemic will be over. If this scattering abroad is done before the "panic," GENERAL DISEASES. 433 as this disease of the mind is called, spreads, it will not be opposed by ignorant, barbarous neighbors, as has been the case. To scatter tlie sick is like scattering a fire, which will soon die out if there is no accumulation of combusti- ble matter. To recommend people to go away from the focus is like removing combustible matter from a house on fire, which ought to be done in time and regular order by an organized body. All those who are necessary to oversee and form this organized body should stay, all others go away. I admire with all my heart the grandeur of mind, shown by the members of the Howard Association who face the terrible enemy, in assisting the sick ; the clergymen who stand firmly at their posts to console in that reign of ter- ror; the statesmen who take the helm to prevent disorder and confusion; all of theni sacrificing their own comforts, health, and risking their lives. I admire all but one class — the physicians of the old school. Although it was, as a matter of course, their plain duty to stay, it would have been much better for the sick, if they all had run away, following the example of their illustrious preceptor, Galen, who, as soon as an epidemic broke out, mounted his mule, and ran away with his valuable boxes; his slave running after him as fast as only a slave can, who is running away. What a display of wisdom and deep learning, to give calomel for no other reason than that the patients looked yellow, and because the liver ought to have something to do with it; for calomel acts, according to their most stupid superstition, on the liver! As if every one, who recovered, would not certainly have done so much sooner and better without it. One of the most renowned physicians of the South came to Norfolk for the express purpose of advising his brother physicians to give nothing, no medicine wliatever. He was truly a wise man, and an honest one. The next thing to be done is to destroy the miasma at 28 434 GENERAL DISEASES. all points of generation, in each focus. The stagnant swamps along shore, the wharves, canals, etc., are out of the question in times of danger, and ought not to be touched; stirring them up would only increase the poison in the air; what should have been done in the fall and winter cannot be done in summer. But every ship with stink- ing bilge-water, or which had Yellow Fever or similar disea,ses on board, ought to be disinfected. It was one of the greatest absurdities of the old school to suppose that chloride of lime, Mhich detroyed some other, entirely dif- ferent miasmas, would destroy that of Yellow Fever. It is nothing but a remnant of the old superstitious times, when doctors were hunting for one antidote to all poisons, and when they tried to find one remedy for all diseases. Every substance which is intended to destroy another, must have a chemical affinity for it. A few ex- periments would have convinced any one that chlorine mixes with the miasma without changing it in the least. It is the same with all other "fumigations," even the most ridiculous, fires in the streets! But fire produces a substance which, as chemistry has known for nearly one hundred years, has the most pecu- liar property of absorbing gases, — it is the common char- coal. Experiments will prove to any one, what astonish- ing c[uantities of gases will be roadily absorbed by a mere handful of charcoal — the more if it is crushed or coarsely powdered, as this gives it a larger surface. And, what is to be particularly remarked, gases of that class to which the miasma of Yellow Fever no doubt belongs, are by preference, as it were, and in larger quantities, absorbed by charcoal. A few bucketfuls of it will dis- infect a whole ship, if thrown down in the bilge-water, repeated, if necessary, until there is no longer any bad smell. This lias never been done, and why not? The little black particles of charcoal are rather difficult to get out GENERAL DISEASES. 435 again! That's all. The same objection to it will be found in hospitals and private sick-rooms. My tirst proposition, since 1853,* when I first had the chance of observing cases of Yellow Fever for myself, was to send shiploads of charcoal to all infected places, to dis- infect all suspicious vessels with it thoroughly, to have it in every sick-room, to put it by handfulls on all and everything which passes from a Yellow Fever patient, what he vomits, his urine, his stools, at once before they are carried away, his sheets and bed-clothes before they are washed. This should be done in all and every case, and the washerwomen would then not die of the disease, as they have done, even in Philadelphia, in 1853. But it would, of course, require a great deal more water and work to remove all the little black spots from the linen. Above any other, it should be the most peremptory rule to cover all corpses, without exception, with charcoal, and to fill up the coiiins with it, as the corpses produce the poi.sonous gas, and spread the disease more than anything else. By comparing the maps of the towns, and the local history of the epidemics, I found that the course of the fever was not so much in the direction of the prevailing winds, sometimes even against them, but always towards the burying-grounds, and principally along the streets through which tlie dead were carried, — the fever followed the dead. As this use of charcoal should be ordered and enforced by the authorities — for the general application only can produce a perceptible result — let the following experi- ment be made in a public place, which will convince every one of the great usefulness of charcoal: Put a dead rat in a small wooden box, upon a layer of charcoal about three inches thick, fill the box so that there are about six inches of charcoal over the rat. Every * Printed in " The Homoeopatliic News," No, 7, October, 1855. 436 GENERAL DISEASES. one knows what a terrible stench will come in due time from a dead rat. Place this box upon the main table of the council room, and let every one of the rulers of the town take a smell at it every day. If they should perceive more than the common cellar air, they have only to change the upper layer of charcoal, and all the smell will have gone in a few minutes. The rat may rot in a parlor with- out anybody perceiving it. In a few weeks nothing but skin, hair, sinews and bones will be left. If a grave were filled with charcoal, at least three to four feet deep, it might be opened afterwards without any danger. A corpse, in a hermetically closed coffin, surrounded with charcoal two feet thick, might be trans- ported without danger to any place. But "let the dead bury the dead;" the most important result of such a rule, strictly carried out, would be the cessation of the fever in a very short time. All this, however, is independent of the treatment of the sick; but if, in addition to it, all cases were treated homoeopathic- ally, the good results would in a single week be perceived by all. It happens, not accidentally of course, but accord- ing to a law of nature, that what is the true chemical antidote, is also the best preventive and remedy, if taken internally, or the chemical is analogous to the dynamical. It happens, that among the symptoms of Carbovegdabilis, as collected by Hahnemann, we find a true and most striking similarity of the same group of symptoms which characterize Yellow P^ever. It must be left to the scien- tific portion of physicians to examine this thesis, it is not for everybody. The best preventive is Cafbo veffctabilis in homoeopathic preparations. The degree of attenuation, and the repeti- tion, do not seem to be matters of much importance; though time and careful observations will ultimatel}' show. But if given at the very first, it may be sufficient. One dose of the highest dilution has been sufficient in GENERAL DISEASES. 437 several cases. A patient who had ah-eadj-, on the first da)', bleeding of the gums, got well by taking the third trituration every six to eight hours, for a few days. During the state of the greatest alarm, fatigue and ex- haustion, many homoeopathic physicians have given Aconitum and Belladontia, even in alternation ; I cannot find a sufficient similarity neither with the one nor the other. Still the reports are a great deal more favorable than those of the alloeopathists would be, because the latter always kill more than they cure. If the homojopathic physicians were governed, from the very commencement of the epidemic, by the law of similarity, and would find, according to Hahnemann's rule in the Orgauon, § 100 — 102, the medicines most cor- responding to the character of the epidemic, which may change and will differ in different places, at different sea- sons, and years, the results ought to be far more favor- able and striking than they have been hitherto. Every one who cannot observe Hahnemann's rule, should commence with Carho vegetabills, which will act as a basis, after which all other medicines have a better effect. If alarming symptoms appear sometimes after it, another medicine may be given. Aconitum, for a dry skin, hot fever, with great agony and restlessness. Belladonna, rush of blood to the head or chest, when moving increases the symptoms. Lachesls (or, according to several reports, Crotalas) in the low, sinking state. Arnica, if the patient lies in a kind of stupor, with bad smell from the mouth ; if he answers, when asked how he is, that he feels well. ^csmicmn, for great agony and burning pains; if not sufficient, Cantharides in water. 438 GENERAL DISEASES. FAINTING. SWOONING. When fainting occurs, it generally produces such alarm in those present, that all kinds of experiments, useless, disagreeable, and even injurious, are resorted to. If too large doses of spirits of hartshorn are administered, the conserjuences may be serious. Kemember. the first thing to be avoided in all such cases is hurry. Loosen the clothing, if tight, about the neck, chest and abdomen; place the patient flat on the floor, and remove all ob- jects which, when consciousness returns, might make a disagreeable im- pression. Sprinkle some cold water from a feather gently upon the face, apply a little water to the neck, the back part of tlie head, and to the pit of the stomach. If this does not produce any effect, and if the patient be- comes cold, let him smell spirits of camphor. When the cause is known, the remedy may be selected accordingly ; for instance, if it arise from fright, Coffca, Opium or Aconitum; from loss of blood, or other debili- tating causes, wine, but only a few drops should be given, and afterwards Cinchona; when produced by sudden mental emotions, Ignatia or Chamomilla; after loss of sleep, Cocculns. When slight pains cause fainting, give Hepar; when violent pain is present, Aconitum, Coffca or Chamomilla; when the pain preceding the fainting had almost driven the patient to distraction, give Veratrum; the same remedy will answer when debility and fainting are produced by the least exercise; when it occurs in the morning, Nux vomica is frequently of service, particularly in those who use ardent spirits immoderately, or those M'ho have injured themselves by severe mental applica- tion. Nux moschata, if it occurs after exertion or taking cold in damp weather, in persons who used to complain of great weakness from the slightest exertion, particularly if, while fainting, they have palpitation of the heart, and are afterwards very sleepy. Carbo vegetabilis, in cases where too much mercury has been taken ; when it comes on after dinner, Nux vomica generally removes it, or should this fail, Pltosphoric acid. If it is preceded by gid- diness, give Chamomilla or Hepar, according to the symp- toms. If preceded by nausea. Ipecacuanha. GENERAL DISEASES. 439 When vomiting occurs after recovery from fainting, do not interfere with it at all ; when the patient falls asleep after it, do not disturb him; rest will refresh him. APPARENT DEATH. In regard to instances of apparent death, the same error is usually committed as in cases of fainting. Either too mucli is done, or too many things are tried at once, or nothing is done. There may be apparent death after a violent external injury, when life is only suspended. But appearance may perhaps become reality, by being taken for it too soon. There are many cases of sudden death; but apparent death sometimes occurs, particularly in cases of females who are pregnant, or in childbed. We know of but one sure sign of death, that is, when internal dissolution has proceeded so far as to become perceptible externally. AVlienever there is the least uncertainty, and in all sudden cases, and when putrefaction does not com- mence as suddenly, nothing at least ought to be done that may cause actual death, and the interment should be postponed until the third day ; on the third day changes usually appear in the body, which are decisive; all further proceedings should, however, be arrested until they make their appearance, though a week should elapse. In all cases of apparenth death, particularly from external violence, the bodies should be treated M'ith the greatest care; if they are treated as the dead generally are, viz. : laid out on a board in a cold room, perhaps covered with ice, they will certainly be dead very soon, if they were not so before. APPARENT DEATH FROM HUNGER. Cases of persons, who from want of food have been so much weakened that they faint or are apparently dead, are by no means so very rare. They may and do happen 440 GENERAL niSEASES. on all our coasts after shipwrecks; in the mountains, when people lose their way, or in snow-storms, etc. All such persons must of course have food, as the first thing, but the longer they have been without it, the less of it they should have at once. Eating too much and too fast may kill them. In the worst cases, give repeated injections of warm milk ; when they show signs of returning life, give the milk to drink, at first a few drops, afterwards more and more; if they want more, give a few spoonfuls of good toastwater, broth, and a little wine. When a sound sleep succeeds, cover them up warm, and not until after that sleep, give them more solid food in small quan- tities. The following excellent broth for such and similar patients, is highly to be recommended. Take one pound of good beef, free it from fat and bones, cut it up in small pieces, pour over it one pint of cold water, let it stand several hours, stirring it occasionally, then let it simmer over a slow fire, strain it through a hair sieve or coarse cloth, adding enough water to make it a pint, and season it with a little salt. Of this broth give at first a teaspoon- ful at a time, and afterwards more. APPARENT DEATH FROM A FALL. Place the sufferer carefully on a bed, with his head elevated, and in a place where he may remain quiet, put a few globules of Arnica on his tongue, and wait quietly until a physician comes to see if there are any fractures, and whether there are still signs of life. When the pa- tient has lost much blood from wounds, or from injudi- cious bleeding, give Cinchona, and a little wine, a few drops at a time, and afterwards Arnica. APPARENT DEATH FROM SUFFOCATION. HANGING, PRESSURE, CHOKING. Use the method recommended under the title "Appar- ent death from drowning." GENERAL DISEASES. 441 If these procedures are unsuccessful, the following method may be tried : a person in perfect health should pass his open hand from the head of the patient to his feet, keeping his hand at a distance of about an inch or two from the body of the patient; when arrived at the feet the hand should be returned quickly to the head of the patient, keeping it at a great distance from his body in doing so, and this should be continued in the same order for some time. Do not mind such would-be-wise people, who presume to ridicule such a proceeding, be- cause their wisdom cannot explain how it can act. Ask them what causes cholera, intermittent fever, etc.? They will tell you that it is a "something" in the air, a poison, or miasma, and so forth. Nobody has ever been able to take hold of this "something," bottle it up, or show its existence by the most delicate chemical tests ; the only test is the human body. All we know is, that people when exposed to this "something" will sometimes cer- tainly get the cholera, fever and ague, etc., and we know, too, that persons have been restored to life by the above described process; but how this "something" in the air or the passes of the hand act we cannot tell, we must be satisfied with the facts. APPARENT DEATH FROM DROWNING. In a case of apparent death from drowning the following directions of Dr. Benjamin Howard are the best extant: " 1. Instantly turn the patient downward with a large firm roll of clothing under stomach and cliest. Place one of his arms under his forehead, so as to keep his mouth off the ground. Press with all your weight two or three times for four or five seconds each time, upon the patient's back so that the water is pressed out of the lungs and stomach, and drains freely out of the mouth. Then: 442 GENERAL DISEASES. "2. Quickly turn patient face upward with a roll of clothing under the back, just below the shoulder-blades, and make the head hang back as low as possible. Place patient's hands above his head. Kneel with patient's hips between your knees, fix your elbows firmly against your hips, now — grasping lower part of patient's ]iaked chest — squeeze his two sides together, pressing gradually forward with all your weight, for about three, seconds, until your mouth is nearly over mouth of patient; then, with a push, suddenly jerk yourself back. Eest about three seconds; then begin again, repeating these bellows- blowing movements with perfect regularity so that foul air may be pressed out, and pure air drawn into lungs, about eight or ten times a minute, for, at least, one hour, or until the patient breathes naturally. "Prevent crowding around patient; plenty of fresh air is important. Be careful not to interrupt the first short natural breaths. If they be long apart, carefully continue between them the bellows-blowing movements as before. After breathing is regular, let patient be rubbed dry, wrapt in warm blankets, take hot spirits and water in occasional doses, and then be left to rest and sleep." KoTE.— The above directions must be used on the spot, the first instant the patient is taken from the water. A moment's delay and success is hopeless. APPARENT DEATH FROM BEING FROZEN. Where animation has been suspended by freezing, it may be restored in some cases even when it has ceased for several days. Great care should be taken in moving persons in this 'condition, so that no part of the body may be injured. Let them be taken from the open air under cover, but consider that even a very moderate heat may kill them; a cold room or a barn where there is not the least draught, is the best place. Cover them entirely with GENERAL DISEASES. 443 snow, face and all, leaving merely the mouth and the nostrils free, in such a manner that every part of the body is covered with several inches of it. Place them in such a position that the melted snow may run off easily, and be replaced by fresh. When there is no snow put them into a cold bath, the temperature of which has been reduced by ice. If ice is attached to the body or to the clothes, remove it. In this manner thaw the body until every part becomes perfectly pliable, then gradually remove the clothing, if necessary, by cutting it from the body. As the limbs become soft and pliable, commence rubbing them with snow, and continue it until they become red; then place the patient on a dry bed, and rub him with cold flannel cloths, stockings, old pieces of felt, etc. If signs of returning life do not soon manifest them- selves under this treatment, small injections containing camphor — a drop of spirit of camphor to half a tumblerful of water — may be administered every quarter or half hour. If the patient begins to revive during the friction, or after taking the camphor, and gives symptoms of returning animation, administer small injections of lukewarm coffee without milk, — and as soon as he can swallow, give him some coffee — a teaspoonful at a time. It frequently takes hours to restore life, but wq ought not to be sparing of labor. For the violent pains which are felt sometimes after the sufferer has revived, give Carbo vegctabilis every five to six hours, and if this proves unavailing, Arsenicuvi. If heat or stinging pains are felt in the head, a few doses of Aconifum will be of service. If the patient craves wine or brandy, a small quantity may be given to him. A person who has recovered from freezing, must avoid the heat of the stove and of the fire for a considerable time, as serious maladies, particularly diseases of the bones, are liable to result therefrom. See " Frostbite." 444 GENERAL DISEASES. APPARENT DEATH FROM LIGHTNING. A person rendered insensible by a stroke of lightning, should be at once placed into a freshly made opening in the ground, in a position half sitting, half lying, with the face toward the sun, and be covered all over with fresh ground. As soon as he moves the eyes, give internally a few globules of Nnx vomica, by placing them upon the tongue, and repeat the dose in half an hour, if there is no sign of returning consciousness. The same remedy may also be given in injection, by dissolving from fifteen to twenty globules in half a pint of water. The complaints whieh fn(|iK'ntly follow restoration, may generally be removed by >Sulji]iur and A\x vomica. For blindness, Phosphorus. If you cannot place the patient in the ground, put him in a current of cool, fresh air, and dash plenty of cold water over his face, neck and chest, and use Nux vomica as above. APPARENT DEATH FROM MENTAL EMOTIONS AND OTHER CAUSES. Look under the different heads of the causes. A case of apparent death from violent mortification, was restored by Chamomilla. After suppressed grief, give Ignatia. After fright and violent anger, Aconitum. After grief caused by disappointed love, where apparent death fol- lowed after a violent pain at the heart, Lachcsis restoretl the patient. In cases of sudden, apparent death after violent mental emotions, you may, besides the remedies stated before, give Apis or Glonoine, if the face is pale. Apis if it com- menced like hunting, with such a -weakness that the pa- tient had to sit down on the spot, or fell down; sometimes with vomiting ; particularly if it occurred after great mta- GENERAL DISEASES. 44o tal or bodily pain. Glonoinc, if the patient put his hand suddenly upon his heart or head; afterwards cold sweat. Opium is better if the face is blue, as stated under "Ap- parent Death from Suffocation." APOPLEXY. For the premonitory symptoms of this complaint, such as great inclination to sleep; general feeling of dulness or heaviness; dimness before the eyes; buzzing in the ears; hardness of hearing; heavy, profound sleep and snoring; frequent yawning and fatigue after the least exertion; acute pains in the head; vertigo or giddiness; fainting; irritability of temper; loss of memory; forgetfulness of words or things; acuteness of vision, or double vision; difficulty of swallowing; numbness, or pricking sensation in the extremities; congestion of blood to the head, with throbbing of the arteries of the neck; red face, and quick, full pulse, etc. : see " Determination of Blood to the Head." In cases of apoplexy, bleeding is sometimes practiced ; the revival of the patient may possibly be hastened by it, but, at the same time, his death may be liastcned too. The patient should at once be placed, if possible, in bed, with the head high, the clothing loosened about the neck and chest; plenty of fresh air should be obtained and perfect quiet enjoined. If the pulse is slow and full, face red or pale, give Opium; l)ut a few globules of it upon the tongue of the patient, and use some globules, dissolved in a pint of water, as an injection ; if the pulse is very weak, give Lachesia in the same way. In other respects, select a remedy according to the cause, and particularly according to the symptoms which pre- ceded the fit. If it was preceded by nausea or inclination to vomit, or if the patient vomits when he recovers, give Amimon. tart.; if not better in half an hour, use a solution 44G GENERAL DISEASES. of the same remedy as an injection. Select, according to the sj'mptoms, from the following: Aconitum, Veratrum, Pulsatilla, Phosphoric acid, Nux vomica, Arsenicum, Antimo- ninm crndum, Hyoscyamus. The limits of this M'ork Avill not admit of a more ex- tended notice of the disorder ; nor, indeed, is that neces- sary, as the treatment should in all cases be under the management of a homoeopathic physician. DIPHTHERIA, DIPHTHERITIS. This disease has been ob.servcd and described by med- ical -writers of all nations under different names. Its history has indeed been traced back as far as Homer. In the sixteenth century it was epidemic in Holland, and was described by P. Forrest. Towards the end of that century it raged in Spain, killing a great number by suf- focation; whence it was called garotilla. Since then it has been observed everywhere, more or less violent ; and in this country within a few years. It consists of a croupous or plastic exudation from tho mucous membrane of the throat, mouth and nostrils; commencing with feverishness, chilliness and some diffi- culty in swallowing. The throat looks inflamed; often of a dark mahogany color; and soon becomes covered (usually after the first or second daj') with a dirty-grayish, or yellowish-gray exudation or deposit of various thick- ness ; commencing in spots and patches, generally on the tonsils at first ; spreading over the soft palate and fauces into the posterior uares and cavity of the nose, and in some cases into the oesophagus and larynx. When this skinny exudation is loosened and removed by external means, it merely shows an inflamed-looking, sometimes an excoriated or ulcerated surface of the mucous membrane Ijeneath, which is soon covered again by the same mem- brane. Where it is loosened and thrown off sisoutancously. GENERAL DISEASES. 447 it does not generally renew itself. In malignant cases tliis pseudo-membrane dissolves into an ill-looking ichor- ous mass, under which the mucous membrane appears in decayed shreds or dark colored crusts, emitting a most ofi'ensive odor. Mostly there co-exists a swelling of the glands beneath the jaw, the parotid glands and of the lymphatics. The great prostration of all the vital powers, which accompanies it from the tirst, is quite characteristic of this complaint. As to its causes, all writers agree that it is the eilect of some specific poison, the nature of which we know just as little as that of cholera, typhus, or yellow fever; and as all persons are not attacked by it, it requires a predisposi- lion of the organism to it. We do not know, however, in what this consists. Besides, the atmospheric influences upon its spreading arc not clearly understood ; it seems, however, that it is rather more prevalent in spring and summer than in winter, and more in damp, rainy weatlier than in a uniformly dry temperature. Diphtheria is not usually considered contagious, like the eruptive fevers (scarlatina, measles, small-pox) ; there is no evidence that it ever was conveyed in the clothing, etc.; but we can easily conceive of an epidemic cause, which may bring about more or less contamination of the atmosphere, thus rendering susceptible persons liable to contract the disease from breathing the atmosphere; or it may be propagated by an immediate inoculation of a portion of the vitiated secretions to an absorbent surface of another person, provided this person afford a congenial soil in which the specific cause may develop its sjiecific effects. The patient should, for reasons which are plain, be isolated; and the utmost care used with regard to the soiled linen and the emanations from the body, to prevent the spread of the disease. A rash on the skin, resembling sometimes measles, at other times scarlet fever, often accompanies this disease; 448 GENERAL DISEASES. it breaks out sometimes at the beginning, sometimes at a later period ; in a great number of cases it does not appear at all; it may last only a few hours, or remain a longer time, or reappear after having been absent for several days. An attack of diphtheria is not unfrequently followed by partial paralysis of some portion or portions of the body. This paralysis does not usually appear at once after the attack, but a period of several weeks may elapse, and after the patient is apparently c^uite well the trouble appears. Difficulty in swallowing, due to paralysis of the muscles of swallowing, is the most common form, though the extremities may be affected. The heart often becomes greatly weakened during the progress of the disease and sometimes proves itself inadequate to perform its work if an extra tax is put upon it. So that death may result after even a slight exertion, or paralysis of the heart may occur. The sj'stem generally is left in a weakened, anise- mic condition after a bad attack of diphtheria, and weeks are frequently consumed ere health is fully restored. Salt air is a great help to those convalescing from this disease. The mildest attacks in the commencement have resulted unfavorably. Bad signs are : The acrid discharge from the nostrils. The invasion of the larynx or the development of diphtheritic croup. Hemorrhages from nose and mouth ; purpura ; ]ietechia3. Coldness of the external surface of the body. Albumin- uria; diarrhoea and vomiting. Convulsions. Complica- tions with scarlet fever. Certain localities and seasons seem to be the occasion of more dangerous cases tlian others. During the progress of the disease and afterward for some days or weeks even, the utmost attention should be paid to the diet and hygiene of the patient. The most nourishing food must be given at short intervals, and if the prostration is consider.Tble, whisky is to be given freely. The patient must lie in bed, and in Ijad cases retain constantly the recumbent position. GENERAL DISEASES. 449 Treatment. Bryonia, the patient is quiclcly prostrated, shuns all motions, and complains, on moving or when being moved, of pain everywhere; white tongue; feeling of dryness in the mouth without peculiar thirst, or else desire for large quantities of water. Belladonna, the patient is restless, complains of sore throat; the fauces look highly inflamed; the pupils are enlarged; he feels drowsj', and yet unable to fall asleep; starts suddenly out of sleep. Lachesis, when, after Belladonna, by next evening there is no marked change for the better; or when he is even worse in the morning after some sleep, with a decided development of those skinny patches on the tonsils, worse on the left side ; or when croupy symptoms appear, and the patient cannot bear anything touching his neck and throat. Lycopodium, when the aspect of the fauces is rather of a brownish-redness, worse on right side, and worse from swallowing warm drinks; when the nose is stopped up, and the patient cannot breathe with his mouth shut; he keeps his mouth constantly open, slightly projecting his tongue, which gives him a silly expression ; the nostrils are widely dilated with every inspiration ; on awakening out of a short nap, he is awfully cross, kicks and behaves in a naughty way (if a child), or he jumps up in bed, stares about and knows nobody, seemingly dreaming with open eyes; frequent jerkings of the lower limbs, mostly with a groan, awake or slumbering ; great fear of being left alone. Rhus toxicodendron, when the child is restless, wants to be carried about, wakes up every now and then complain- ing of ]iain in the throat; bloody saliva runs out of the mouth during sleep; the parotid glands are a good deal swollen ; there are transparent, jelly-like discharges from the bowels as stool, or afterwards. 450 GENERAL DISEASES. Apis, great debility from the beginning ; the membrane assumes at once a dirty-grayish color, or there is great oedema of the soft palate and uvula ; puffiness around the eyes ; pain in the ears, when swallowing ; an itchy, sting- ing eruption on the skin ; a sensation of weakness in the larynx ; numbness of the feet and hands and even paraly- sis. (Never does good either before or after Rhus tox.) Antimon. tart., difficult breathing, gasping for air; rat- tling in the chest ; retching, vomiting of tenacious mucus ; small circular patches, like small-pox pustules, in and upon the mouth and tongue; oedema of the lungs. Ignatia. In many cases this remedy is alone required. There is more or less membrane in the throat, usually in greater abundance on the right side. Much prostration. Mercurius. Tongue coated thickly white or yellowish. Much salivation; glands swollen. Much membrane on tonsils. INDEX. Abdomen, affections of, 282 determination of blood to, ', wounds of, 135 Abortion, 344 Absitss, 409 Acids, injurious effects of, 76 poisoning by, 107 Administration of medicines, 15 Adulteration of brandy, 87 of br«ad, 87 of butter, 87 of flour, 87 of malt liquors, 8G of milk and ice cream, 87 of sweet oil, 87 of vinegar, 86 of wine, 84 Adulterations and poisons, 84 Affections of abdomen, 282 of chest, 194 of ears, 179 of head, 149 of mind, 33 of mouth, 264 of nose, 188 of stomach, 268 of teeth, 238 of throat, 233 of tongue, 267 After-pains, 354 Ague, 418 remedies for, 426 Alcohol, poisoning by, 109 Alkaline poisons, antidotes, 108 Alum, poisoning by, 109 Anger, 40 Antimony, poisoning Ijy, 111 Anus, itching of, 294 Apoplexy, 445 Apparent death, 439 from drowning, 441 from a fall, 440 from l)eing frozen, 442 from luingcr. 439 of infant, 362 Apparent death from lightning, 444 from mental emotions, etc., 444 ijom Buflbcation, hanging, press- ure, choking, 440 Appetite, want of, 268 Arsenic, injurious effects of, 83 poisoning by, 110 Ascarides, 294 Asiatic cholera, 312 Asthma, 224 Back, pain in, 414 Bad taste in mouth, 264 ■ Bed-sores, 411 Bichromate of potash, poisoning by, 110 Bilious fever, 430 Bites of animals, 117 of leeches, 131 ■ of mad dogs, 120 of snakes, 118 Bleeding of nose, 189 Blindness, attacks of, 177 Blood, to the head, 151 loss of, 60 spitting of, 214 vomiting of, 276 Boil, 405 Bowels, inflammation of, 288 pain in, 46 Brain, concussion of, 123 Brandy, adulteration of, 87 Bread, adulteration of, 87 Breast, catarrh on, 219 Breasts, gathered, 360 preparation of, during preg- nancy, 349 putting infants to, 364 swelling of, in infants, 371 Breatli, offensive, 265 Breathing, difficulty of, 45 Bronchitis, 219 Bruises, 125 of eyes, 126 Burns and scalds, 135 452 Butter, adulteration of, i ; in cars, 185 Camphor, injurious effects of, 95 pulsoning bv, 113 Canker, 2C5 Catarrli, 43 of chest, 219 in head, 191 headache from, 154 nasal, 191 of stomach, 273 Carbuncle, 406 Chamomile, injurious effects of, 7' Charcoal gas, poisoning bv, 104 Cheese, poisonous, 89 Chest, atlections of, 194 catarrh of, 219 congestion of, 214 Chicken-pox, 398 Chilblain, 410 ChilJ-I.irlli, :i51 CliilMi^ li, . 1^ 1-1. -dins? of, 02 (■In n- .liectsof, iujurious ell Chlorosis, 332 Choldug, apparent death from, 440 Cholera, jVsiatic or epidemic, 312 infantum, 379 morbus, 310 Chronic rheumatism, 414 Coffee, bad eliccts ,.i, 74 Cold, consequences I if, 42 headache from, 47 water, injurious cflects from, (IG Colic, 65, 282 of infants, 370 Complaints accompanying inter- mittent fever, 428 Concussion of brain, 123 Continement, constipation during, 359 diarrhoea durinf^, 359 within doors, /JS duration of, 355 Congestive or pernicions fever, 430 Congestion of chest, 214 Constipation, 314 during confinement, 359 headache from, 156 of infants, 309 during pregnancy, 340 Convulsions, epileptic, 416 34 consequence of Consumption of the lungs, 23" Copper, poisoning by, ill Corns, 410 Corrosive sublimate, poisoning by, 110 Coryza, 191 Cosmetics, poisonous, 93 Cough, 44, 190 whooping, 206 Cramp in limbs, 416 during labor, 353 from over-feeding, 64 during pregnancy, 343 of stomach, 277 Croup, 210 Crying of infants, 371 Death, apparent, 439 from drowning, 441 from :i kill, 440 from I.L-in- I'rozcn, 442 from linn^ur, 4u9 from lightning, 444 from mental emotions, etc., 444 from suffocation, lianging, press- ure, choking, 440 Defects of vision, 175 Delirium tremens, 73 Delivery, flooding after, 354 treatment after, 354 Dentition, 377 Derangement of mind in conse- quence of fright, 35 Despondencv during pr^nancv, 3-14 Diarrha-a, 301 from ai'ids, 76 lr..m taking cold. 45 during cnntinement, 359 of infants,' 309 in consei|Uence of mental emo- tions. 34 from (ivcr-fceiling. Go during pregnancy, 340 from disordered stomach, 65 Diet, forbidden, 23 during pregnancv, 336 of sick, 21 DiltK-uhv < 4" breathing, 45 DiplitlKTia. 440 Dil.btlaritis. 440 l)ircctiuns for prescribing, 16 453 Diseases of eyes, 166 treatment nf, 149 of women, 324 Disloc-utions, 127 Dogs, mad, bite of, 120 Dose, repetition of, IS Dropsy, 418 Drowning, apparent death from, 441 Drugs, injurious eliects of, 77 Drunkenness, 69 Dry rot, injurious efl'ect of, 105 Dvsenterv, 307 Dyspepsia, 269 Earac-Iie, 48, ISl Ears, attections of, 47, 179 buzzing in, 47, 18o discharge from, of infants, 382 eruptions of, 179 foreign bodies in, 140 inflammation of, ISO pain in, ISl running of, 183 Emotions, mental, 33 P^pilepsy, 416 Epileptic convulsions, 416 Epistaxis, 189 Ergot, poisoning by, 112 Eruptive fevers, 392 Eruptions of ears, 179 from over-feeding, 66 Eructations, 64 Erysipelas, 404 Excesses, S8 Excoriation of infants, 368 Exertion, 52 Exhaustion, 52 External injuries, 123 Evelids, intiammation and swelling r>f, 167 styes on, 169 Eyes, affections of, 47 bruises of, 126 diseases of, 166 foreign bodies in, 139 inflammation of, 170 sore, of infants, 365 scrofula of, 172 Fareaclie, 262 Face, neuralgia of, 262 swelled, 261 Fainting, 438 and hysterical fits during preg- nancy, 341 in consequence of fright, 35 False pains during pregnancy, 349 Fatigue, 54 Fear, consetiiience of, 35 Feet, sore, 411 sore from walking, 55 supjiressed perspiration of, 43 Felon, 407 Fever and ague, 418 congestive or pernicious, 430 intermittent, 418 intermittent, complaints accom- >'ng, 428 milk, 357 from over-feeding, 66 remittent or bilious, 430 scarlet, 395 tvplioid, 431 yellow, 432 Fevers, eruptive, 392 Fish, poisonous, 90, 114 Fits in consequence of fright, 34 in consequence of grief, 36 Flatulency, 65, 287 Flooding after labor, 354 during pregnancy, 347 Flour, adulteration of, 87 Fluids, loss of, 60 Food, forbidden, 23 for sick, 21 Foreign bodies in throat, 141 Foreign substances, 139 introduced into human body, 139 into ear, 140 into eye, 139 into larvnx or windpipe, 145 into nose, 141 into skin, 147 into stmnach and intestines, 144 Furuncle, 405 malignant, 406 Fractures, 127 I'Vight, consequences of, 33 convulsions in consequence of, 34 diarrhoea in consequence of, 34 Fainting in consequence of, 35 Fits in consequence of, 34 derangement of mind in conse- quence of, 35 vomiting in consequence of, 34 Frost-bite, 138, 410 F'rozen, being, apparent death from, 442 Fruits, injurious, 90 disordered stomach from, 61 454 (Jases, poisonous, antidotes, 103 (iathered breasts, 360 Gathering in ear, 382 Giddiness, 149. Gout, 411 (rreen sickness, 332 (Jrief and sorrow, 36 Gums, bleeding of, 134 Hair, cutting tlie, bad effects from, 43, 51 dyes, poisonous, 93 falling out of, 165 falling ofl' of, while nursing, 361 Hanging, apparent death from, 440 Hardness ol hearing, 186 Head, alieetions of, 149 blood to, 151 catarrh in, 191 scald, of infants, 374 scurf on, of infants, 373 swelling and elongation of, in infants, 364 wounds of, 135 Headache, 153 from determination of blood, 153 from catarrh, 154 from cohl, 47 from constipation, 156 from heat, 53 nervous, 160 from overfeeding, 63 from rheumatism, 155 caused by suppression of rheu- matism, gout, eruptions, etc., 164 sick, 187 from disordered stomach, 156 Hearing, hardness of, 186 Heart, palpitation of, 222 Heartburn, 274 Heat, diarrhoea from, 54 headache from, 53 spots of infants, 382 Hemorrhage from gums, 134 from leech-bites, 131 from lungs, 214 from nose, 189 from wounds, 129 Hemorrhoids, 297 during i)regnaney, 343 Herb teas, 77 Hernia, 323 inguinal, of infants, 382 umbilical, of infants, 382 Hiccough of infants, 373 Hoarseness, 194 Home.sickness, eflects of, 37 Hunger, apparent death from, 439 Hydrophobia, 120 Ice, injurious effects from. Ice cream, injurious effects from, 62, 69 Indigestion, 269 Infants, apparent death of, 362 breasts, swelling of, 371 colic, 370 constipation, 369 contracted foreskin, 369 crying, 371 diarrhoea, 369 discharge from ears, 382 excoriation, 368 eyes sore, 365 gum, 368 heat spots, 382 hiccough, 373 inguinal hernia, 382 jaundice, 367 lameness, 384 limping, 384 meconium, 364 milk-crust, 373 navel, dressing of, 363 navel, rupture of, 382 nose, obsti-uction of, 366 putting to breast, 364 reception at birth, 362 restlessness and wakefulness, 372 ringworm of scalp, 374 scald head, 374 scurf on head, 373 snuffles, 366 sore mouth, 366 sore throat, 367 s])asms, 375 squinting, 384 stuttering, 384 summer complaint, 379 swelling and elongation of head, 364 teethiuii. 377 treatment of, 362 uiiibiliial hernia, 382 retention of urine, 368 vaccination, 387 washing, 363 weaning, 383 wetting bed, 384 whites, 383 Inflammation of bowels, 288 of ears, 180 Inflammation of eves, 170 ofeveliils, 169 of liver, 318 of lungs, 22S, 230 of stomafh, 288 oi tongue, 2()7 Inflammatory rheumatism, 412 Innrowinn; toe nails, 408 Inguinal hernia of infants, 382 Injuries, external, 123 Intermittent fever, 418 euinplaints accompanying, 428 Intestines, foreign bodies in, 144 Instructions for patients liow to com- municate with a physician, 25 Introduction, 15 Intoxicating plants, 112 Intoxication, ettects of, 72 Iodine, injurious effects of, 80 poisoning by, lO'J Iron, injurious effects of, 83 Irritability, 40 It.h, 4U1 Itching of anus, 294 of skin, 400 Kitchen salt, injurious efTects of, 91 Kitchen utensils, poisonous, 91 Knees, swelling of, 60 Labor, 351 after pains, 354 flooding after, 354 protracted, 351 retention of urine after, 360 spasmodic pains, cramps and convuUions during, 353 treatment after, 354 Lameness of children, 384 Larynx, foreign bodies in, 145 Laudanum, injurious effects of, 77 Lead, injurious effects of, 82 poisoning by. 111 Light, dread of, 178 Lightning, apparent death from, 444 Limbs, cramp in, 41ti pain in, 49 Limping of children, 384 Liver, inflammation of, 318 pains in, 318 Lochia, 350 Ixick-jaw, 133 Loins, pain in, 414 Long-sightedness (hypermetropia), 176 Love, disappointment in, 36 Leucorrhcea (whites), 334 of children, 383 Lumbago, 414 Lungs, consumption of, 232 inflammation of, 228, 230 hemorrhage from, 214 Luxations, 127 Mad dogs, bite of, antidotes, 120 Magnesia, injurious effects of, 80 Malignant furuncle, 406 Malt liquors, adulteration of, 86 bad eflects from, 69 Mania-a-potu, 73 Masturbation, eflects of, 59 Meat, putrefied, poisoning by, 115 poisonous, 89 Meconium, 364 Medicines, administration of, 18 Memory, weakness of, 150 Menses, cessation of, 333 copious, 329 suppression of, 327 Menstruation, 324 cessation of, 333 painful, 330 during pregnancy, 337 morning sickness during, 339 suppression of, 327 tardy, 325 tvX) copious, 329 Mental application, excessive, 58 Mental emotions, 33 apparent death from, 444 Mercury, injurious eflects of, 81 Miscarriage, 344 Missteps, 125 Milk, adulteration of, 87 bad effects from, 69 crust, 373 excessive secretion of, 358 fever, 357 invohmtary emission of, 358 poisonous, 89 suppressed secretion of, 358 Mind, affections of, 33 derangement of, in consequence of fright, 35 Mouth, affections of, 264 bad taste in, 264 Monthly sickness, 324 Morning sickness, 339 456 Morphine, injurious effects of, 77 Mouth, sore, of infants, 366 Mumps, 179 Mushrooms, poisonous, 91, 112 Nails, toe, infjrowing, 408 Nasal catarrli, 191 Nausea from riding in a carriage, 56 Nausea and vomiting, 49, 275 Navel, dressing the, of infants, 363 rupture of, in infants, 382 Near-sightedness (myopia), 175 Neck, wry, 415 Nervous headache, 160 Nettle rash, 402 Neuralgia of face, 262 Night-mare, 66, 417 Nights, sitting up at, effects of, 57 Nipples sore, 360 Nitrate of silver, poisoning by, 111 Nose, aflections of, 188 bleeding of, 189 catarrh of, 191 coryza, 191 foreign bodies in, 141 obstruction of, in infants, 366 ozsena, 191 swelling of, 188 Nursing, tailing ofJof hair while, 361 weaJiness Irom, 361 Offensive breath, 265 Old-sightedness (presbyopia), 175 Ophthalmia of infants, 365 scrofulous, 172 Opium or laudanum, poisoning by, 113 injurious effects of, 77 Overfeeding of children, 62 colic from, 65 J cramps from, 64 diarrhoea from, 65 eruptions from, 66 fever from, 66 flatulency from, 65 headaclie from, 63 nightmare from, 66 sleeplessness from, 66 vomiting from, 64 Overheating, 52 Overlifting, 124 Ozsena, 191 Panaceas and vermifuges, poisonous, 94 Pain in bowels, 46 Pain, false, during pregnancy, 349 in limbs, 49 Paints, poisonous, 92 Palpitation of heart, 222 Pernicious fever, 430 Perspiration, suppressed, of feet, 43 Peruvian bark. 78 Pliosphorus, poisoning br, 109 Piles, 297 Pink root, poisoning bv, 113 Pleurisy, 228 Pneumonia, 230 Poisoned wounds, 117 Poisoning, treatment in case of, 96 antidotes, general, 97 antidotes, table of, 122 by acids, mineral, 107 alcohol, 109 alkalies, 108 alum, 109 antimony. 111 arsenic, 110 bichromate of potash, 110 bismuth, 112 blighted grains (ergot), 112 camphor, 113 cheese, 115 copper. 111 charcoal gas, 104 chlorine gas, 105 dry rot, 105 gases, 103 hair of caterpillars, 114 honey, poisonous, 114 intoxicating plants, 112 iodine, 109 lead. 111 liver of sulphur, 108 laudanum, 113 meat, putritied, 115 mushrooms, 112 nitrate of silver, HI opium, 113 painting of houses, 106 phosphorus, 109 pink root, 113 poison vine, 1 13 prussic acid, 106, 109 saltpetre, sal ammoniac, 110 shell fish, 114 Spanish flies, 114 spirits tur{)entine, 114 sublimate, corrosive, 110 tin. 111 vitriol, 110 zinc, 112 Poison vine or ivy, 113 Poisons and ailnlterations, 84 animal, antiilotes, 114 generated by disease, 110 vegetable, antidotes, 112 Potassium, iodide of, injurious effects of, 80 Pregnancy, 335 constipation during, 340 cramps during, 343 depression of spirits during, 344 derangements during, 33(5 diarrhoea during, 340 diet during, 336 dress during, 336 exercise during, 336 fainting and hysterical fits dur- ing, 341 false pains during, 349 flooding during, 347 hemorrhoids during, 343 incontinence of urine during, 343 itching or pruritus during, 340 pain in back during, 343 preparation of the breasts dur- ing, 349 menstruation during, 337 toothache during, 341 varicose veins during, 342 vertigo and headache during, Prescribing, directions for, 16 Prickly heat of infants, 382 Prolapsus ani, 296 Protracted labor, 351 Pruritus during pregnancy, 340 Prussic acid, poisoning" bv, 106, 109 Quinine, injurious effects of, 78 (Quinsy, 233 Rash from disordered stomach, 66 nettle, 402 scarlet, 398 Rectum, prolapsus of, 296 " Red gum " of infants, 368 Regimen of the sick, 21 Remedies for ague, 426 Remittent or bilious fever, 430 Rheumatism, clinmic, 414 headache from, 155 inflammatory, 412 Ring-worm on scalp of infants, 374 Rose, 404 Roseola, 402 Running of ears, 183 Rupture, 323 Salt, injurious effect of, 91 Saltpetre, poisoning by, 110 Scabies, 401 Scald head of infants, 374 Scalds, 135 Scalp, ring-worm on, of infants, 374 Scarlatina, 395 Scarlet fever, 395 rash, 398 Scrofula of eyes, 172 Scrofulous ophtlialmia, 172 Scurf on head of infants, 373 Scurvy, 265 Sea-sickness, 276 Sensitiveness and irritability, 40 Self-abuse, eflects of, 69 Sick headache, 157 Sick, regimen of the, 21 Sitting up at night, effects of, 57 Skin, diseases of, 400 foreign bodies in, 147 itching of, 400 Sleeplessness, 417 from drinking coffee, 74 of infants, 372 from over-feeding, 66 Small-pox, 398 Snakes, bites of, 118 Snuffles, 366 Sore leet, 411 nipples, 360 throat, 233 throat from cold, 48 Sorrow, 36 Sour food, 76 Spanish flies, poisoning by, 114 Spasms of infants, 375 of stomach, 277 Spectacles, selection of, 175 Spices, injurious eflects of, 76 Spitting of blood, 214 Sprains, 125, 126 Squinting of children, 178, 384 St. Anthony's fire, 404 Stings and bites of animals, 117 Stitch in side, 228 Stomach, affections of, 268 catarrh of, 273 cramp of, 277 (liarrlid'a from disordered, 65 disunlercl, 60 disordered, headache from, 156 458 Stomach, foreign bodies in, 144 inflammation of, 288 pain in, 277 spasms of, 277 weakness of, 269 Storm, affected by, 51 Stuttering of children, 384 Styes on eyelids, 169 Sudden mental emotions, 33 Sulphur, injurious effects of, 80 poisoning by, 108 Summer complaint, 379 Sun-stroke, 52 Surfeiting, consequences of, 60 Swelled face, 261 Swelling of nose, 188 Swooning, 438 Tape-worms, 294 Taste bad, in mouth, 264 Tea, bad effects of, 75 Teeth, affections of, 238 care of, 239 Teething, 377 Throat, affections of, 233 foreign bodies in, 141 sore,"233 sore in consequence of cold, 48 sore, of infants, 367 Thrush, 366 Thunder-storm, affected by, 51 Tic douloureux, 262 Tin, poisoning by. 111 Toe-nails, ingrowing, 408 Tobacco, bad effects of, 75 Tongue, affections of, 267 lameness of, 268 inflammation of, 267 Toothace, 238 from cold, 48 from cold water, 67 from drinking coflee, 74 during pregnancy, 34l Turpentine, poisoning by, 114 Typhoid fever, 431 Ulcers, 407 Umbilical hernia of infants, 382 Urination, difficult, 320 painful, 320 Urinary complaints, 320 Urine, bloody, 322 incontinence of, during preg- nancy, 343 involuntary emission of, 320 Urine, retention of, in infants, 368 retention of, after labor, 360 Urticaria, 402 Vaccination, 387 Varicose veins during pregnancy, Varioloid, 400 Vegetables and fruits, injurious, 90 Vermifuges, injurious eflects of, 94 Vertigo, 149 Vexation, 38 Vinegar, adulteration of, 36 Vision, defects of, 175 Vitriol, poisoning by, 110 Vomiting, 49, 275 of blood, 276 in consequence of fright, 34 from over-feeding, 64 Warts, 411 Washing of infants, 363 Water, cold, injurious effects from, cold, toothache from, 67 poisonous, 89 Waterbrash, 274 Weakness of memory, 150 from nursing, 361 Weaning, 383 Wells, poisonous, 88 Wetting the bed, 384 Whites, 334 of children, 383 Whitlow, 407 Whooping-cough, 206 Windpipe, foreign bodies in, 145 Wine, adulteration of, 84 injurious eflects from, 62 AVounds, 128 of abdomen, 135 cleansing of, 131 dressing of, 128 of head, 135 hemorrhage from, 129 poisoned, antidotes, 117 treatment of, 132 Women, diseases of, 324 Worms, 292 tape, 294 Wry-neck, 415 Yellow fever, 432 Zinc, poisoning by, 112 New Catalogue (1883) of the Uahucmauu Tublishiuij House. F. E. BOERICKE'S (Late BOERICKE & TAFEL) plomoeopatliic Publications, PHILADELPHIA. ALLEN, DR. TIMOTHY F. The Encyclopedia of Pure Materia Medica; a Record of the Positive Effects of Drugs upon the Healthy Human Organism. With contributions from Dr. Richard Hu-in, the sensation, conditioned or modified. No fads or fancies, theories or hypotheses. Of course everybody has a copy of the ' Encyclopedia,' and now everybody will get a copy of the Index. \Ve cannot pretend to review such a work. It bears every mark of care, capability and conscientiousness, and to hunt about for specks of dirt on such a grand picture is n-.t'ilir l;iii.l of work for us. The only piece of advice we ottci- to intending purchasers i 1 1. ' i ' . - !; (nr it bound in leather, for common cloth binding, no matter how nice tn il' . . n- i I- i us to tear at the back, and becomes the source of endless annoyance. Tin- i'li'lir-,, ni course, to a work for irequent reference, and Allen's • Index ' is 'p™-ti™"y :' 'ii'H"u;ii-y to his ' Encyclopedia,' and as such will be used many times a liuy."— From 'the llumeopathic World. ALLEN AND NORTON. Ophthalmic Therapeutics. See Nor- ton's Ophthaliuic Thcrapoutics. ALLEN, WILLIAM A. Repertory of the Symptoms of Inter- mittent Fever. Arranged bv William A. Allen. 107 pages. 12mo. Cloth. Price, . . . " 81.00 We give a letter of Timothy F. Allen, M.D., recommending the publication of this little ivork : " I liave carefully examined the repertory of Dr. Wm. Allen, of Flushing, and assure you that it is exceedingly valuable. It shoulcl be printed in pocket form. I should use it constantly. Dr. Allen" has a large experience in the treatment of intermittents, and his own observations are entitled to yrcat rcsiiect." BAEHR, DR. B. The Science of Therapeutics according to the Principles of Homoeopathy. Translated and enriched with numer- ous additions from Kafka and other sources, by C. J. Hempel, M.D. Two volumes. 1387 pages. Half morocco, .... $9.00 "Tlie descripticms of disease— no easy thing to write — are always clear and full, some- times fcliiitniis. The stvic i^ .a-v and nailalilc, au 1 not too prolix. Above all, the rela- tions ol' maladies to mcdi'riia-- ai. -[iHli,.il la, 1,^, philosophically than experimentally, with anavoidaurr of abstract ibrMii/in- .m mi,, -idr, and of mere empiricism on the other, which is most satis.'actiiry." — Frunt the JJrttish Juunial of Homoeopathy. BELL and LAIRD, DRS. The Homoeopathic Therapeutics of Diarrhoea, Dysentery, Cholera, Cholera ]\Iorbus, Cholera Infantum, and all other Loose Evacuations of the Bowels; by James B. Bell, M.D. Second edition. 275 pages. 12mo. Cloth, .... $1.50 "Tins little book, issued in 18G9, by Dr. Bell, has long been a standard work in Iloma'opalliic Therapeutics. We feel quite within bounds in asserting that it has been the means imler our law, of saving thousands of lives. Than this no greater commendation could be penned. ... In this secones not quite succeed even in defining clearly one single form of plithisis. Why? because in the present state of the sub- ject it is impossil.le/or any man to do so, and we question whetber a much better book on phthisis is possible at present."— From 2%e Homceopalltic World, for October, 1882. BRYANT, DR. J. A Pocket Manual, or Repertory of Homoeo- pathic Medicine, Alphabetically and Nosologically arranged, which may be used as the Physicians' Vade-mecum, the Travellers' Medical Com- ])auion, or the Family Physician, dintaining the Principal Remedies for the most important Disia.-^es; Symptoms, Sensations, Characteristics of Diseases, etc. ; with the jirineipal Pathogenetic Etfects of the Medicines on tlie most important Organs and Functions of the Body, together with Diagnosis, Explanaticm ^f Technical Terms, Directions for the Selection and Exhibition of Remedies, Rules of Diet, etc. Compiled from the best Homceopatliic authorities. Third edition. 352 pages. 18mo. Cloth, $1.50 DR. BURNETT'S ESSAYS. Ecce Medicus; Natrum Muriati- cum ; Gold; The Causes of Cataract; Curability of Cataract; Diseases of the Veins; Supersalinity of the Blood. Pp. 296. '^vo. Cloth. Price, 82.50 Dr. I?i:rnett's essays were so favorably received in this country, that they would undoubtedly have commanded a very large sale, had they not been so high in price. As it was the six essays would have cost over five dollars, and in order to bring them within reach of the many we reprinted them, by special arrangement with the author, who contributed a new essay, "The Causes of Caturact," not hitherto published, and a general introduction to the volume. The book is jtrinted in good style on heavy toned ])aper and well bound, and we are able to fiirnish it at le.-=s'tiian half tlie price of the im[)orted volumes. We feel sure that these suggestive and sprightly monographs will be highly appreciated by the profession at large. BUTLER, DR. JOHN. A Text-Book of Electro-Therapeutics and Electro-Surgery; loi: tiik Use of Stui)i:nt.s and Gkneral J'KACTITIUNLIIS. ByJoiiN HCTl.KU, M.D., L.R.C.P.E., L.K.C.S.I , ctc, etc. Second edition, revised and enlarged. 350 pages. 8vo. Cloth, S3.00 4 F. E. EOEEICKES " Among the many works extant on Medical Electricity, we have seen nothina: that comes so near ' filling the bill' as tliis. The book is sufficiently comprehensive for the stu- dent or the practitioner. The fact tliat it is written by an enthusiastic and very intelligent homceopathist, gives to it additional value. It places electricity on the same basis as other drugs, and points out by specific syniptums when the agent is indicated. The use of elec- tricity is therefore clearly no longer an exctption to the law of similia, but acts curatively only w^hen used in accordance with that law. \Ve are not left to conjecture and doubt, but can clearly see the specific indications of the agent, in the disease we have under observa- tion. The author has done the profession an invaluable service in thus making plain the pathogenesis of this wonderful agent. The reader will find no difficulty in following both the pathology and treatment of the cases described. Klectricity is not held up as the cure- all of disease, but is shown to be one of the most important and valuable of remedial agents, when used in an intelligent manner. We have seen no work which we can so heartily recommend as this." — Cincinnati Medical Advance. BUTLER, DR. JOHN. Electricity in Surgery. Pp. 111. 12mo. Cloth. Price $1.00 This interesting little volume treats on the application of Electricity to Surgery. The following are some of the subjects treated of: Enlargement of THE Prostate; Stricture; Ovarian Cysts; Aneurism; Naevus; Tumors; Ulcers; Hip Dise.\se; Sprains; Burns; Galvano-Cautery ; H^emor- EHOiDS ; Fistula ; Prolapsus of Rectum ; Hernia, etc., etc. The direc- tions given under each operation are most explicit and will be heartily welcomed by the practitioner. DUNHAM, CARROLL, A.M., M.D. Homoeopathy the Science of Therapeutics. A collection of papers elucidating and illustrating the ])riuciplcs of liomcuopathy. 529 pages. 8vo. Cloth, . . $3.00 Half morocco, $4.00 "More than one-half of this volume is devoted to a careful analysis of various drug- provings. It teaches us Materia Medica after a new fashion, so that a fool can undei-stand, not only the full measure of usefulness, but also the limitations which surround the drug. . . We ought to give an illustration of his method of analysis, but space forbids. We not only urge tlie thoughtful and studious to obtain tlie book", which they will esteem as second only to the Organon in its philosophy and learning." — The American Homceopathist. DUNHAM, CARROLL, A.M., M.D. Lectures on Materia Medica. 858 paire-s. 8vo. Cloth, .S5.0() Half morocco, . " ' . 86.00 " Vol. I. is adorned with a most perfect likeness of Dr. Dunham, upon which stranger and friend will gaze with pleasure. To one skilled in the science of physiognomy there will be seen the unmistakable impress of the great soul that looked so long and steadfastly out of its fair windows. But our readers will lie chiefly con.erncd with the contents of these two books. They are even better than their cnjlHili>liiinnis. They are chielly such lectures on Materia Medica as Dr. Dunham alone kiu-w lu,iv lo \\ rite. They are preceded quite naturally by introductory lectures, which be >\:is acenstciniecl to deliver to his classes on general ibcrapcntics, on rules which should gui.lc ns in stiidving ilnisis, and un the therapenlic law. \\ the close of Vol. II. we have several ipajiers .'.f i;ri'at inleiesi. I.ut the mo-st iiM|iiTlanl fact iif all is that we havS over fittv i>( unr leailinu: reiiieilies luc^eiiU I in a raethdil wbirh bebiu'^cd peculiarly to the author, as one of the ini.st sueecssfiil teaehn.s our school has yet produced. . . . Blessed will be the library they adorn, and the wise man or woman into whose mind their light shall shine." — Cincinnati Medical Advaiiee. EDMONDS on Diseases Peculiar to Infants and Children. By AV. A. ICuMONDs, M.D., Professor of Pajdology in the St. Louis Homoeo- pathic College of Physicians and Surgeons, etc., etc., etc. 1881. Pp. 300. 8vo. Chith $2.50 This work meets with rapid sales, and was accorded a flattering reception by the homoeojiathic press. " This is a good, sound book, by an evidently competent man. The preface is as manly as it is unusual, and engages ])ages. 8v(i. Half morocco, $3.50 The author here brought together iu an admirable aud comprehensive arrangement everything iiublished to date on the subject in the whole homceo- pathic literature, besides embodying his own abundant personal experience, riie contents, divided into eight parts, are arranged as follows : — Pakt 1. Treats of Memtriuitlon and I)i/smeiiorrhcea. Part II. Menorrhagia. Part III. Amenorrlma. Part IV. Abortion and Miscarriage. Part V. Metror- rJuigia. Part VI. Fluor albus. Part VII. Lochia, and Part VIII. General Concomitants. No work as complete as this, on the subject, was ever before attempted, and we feel assured that it will meet with great favor by the profes- sion. GUERNSEY, DR. H. N. The Application of the Principles and Practice of Homoeopathy to Obstetrics and the Disorders Pe- culiar to Women and Young Children. By Henry N. Guernsey, SI.D., Professor of Obstetrics aud Diseases of Women and Children in the Homceopathic Medical College of Pennsylvania, etc., etc. With numerous Illustrations. Third edition, revised, enlarged, and greatly improved. Pp. 1004. 8vo. Half morocco, $8.00 In 1869 this sterling work was first published, and was at onpe adopted as a te.Kt-book at all liomoeopathic colleges. In 1873 a second edition, considerably enlarged, was issued; iu 1878 a third edition was rendered necessary. The wealth of indications for the remedies used in the treatment, tersely and suc- cinctly expressed, giving the gist of the author's immen. |j:ii:i-ia|>hs. notes, etc., with those contained in previous editions, .1 ^ iliiinilaiii ivi.liiirc; aii.l wliile he has, SO far as possible, adhered strictly to the letter a I laliinniann'N text, lie lia> at tlie same time given a pleasantly flowing rendition that avoids the harslmcss of a strictly literal translation." — Hahnemaimiun Monthly. HAHNEMANN, DR. S. The Lesser Writings of. Collected and Translated by R. E. Dudgeox, ]\I.D. With a Preface aud Notes by E. AIarcy, M.D. With a Steel Engraving of Hahnemann from the statue of Steinhauser. Pp. 784. Half morocco, .... $3.00 This valuable work contains a large number of Essays of great interest to laj'men as well as medical men, upon Diet, the Prevention of Diseases, Venti- lation of Dwellings, etc. As many of these papers were written before the dis- covery of the homa?opathic theory of cure, the reader will be enabled to peruse in this volume the ideas of a gigantic intellect when directed to subjects of gen- eral and practical interest. HALE, DR. E. M. Lectures on Diseases of the Heart. In three parts. Part. I. Functional Disorders of the Heart. Part II. Inflamma- tory Affections of the Heart. Part III. Organic Diseases of the Heart. Second enlarged edition. Pp. 248. Cloth, . . . . SI. 75 " After giving a thorough overhauling to the lectures of Dr. Hale, with the full inten- tion of a close criticism, I acknowledge myself conquered. True there are text books on the same subject of thrice the number of pages— more voluminous, 6!(< not so concise; and in this very conciseness lies the merit of the work. Students will find there everything they need at the bedside of their patients. It fills just a want long felt by the profession, and we can only congratulate Dr. Hale to have found in Messrs. Boericke & Tafel, pub- lishers wlio have done their work equally well." — North American Journal of Homceoputhy. HALE, DR. E. M. Materia Medica and Special Therapeutics of the New Remedies. By Edwin U. Hale, M.D., Professor of IMateria Medica and Therapeutics of the New Remedies in Hahnemann IVIcdical CVillege, Chicago, etc., etc. Fifth edition, revised and enlarged. In two volumes — Vol. I. Special Symptomatology. With new Botanical and I'harmacological Notes. Pp". 770. 1882. Cloth, . . . $5.00 Half morocco, .......... $6.00 "Dr Hale's work on .Viif lifmedirs, is one both well known and much appreciated on this side of tlio Atlantic. V.-v minv im ,11, In, , el' , > iisldcrable value we are indebted to his researches. In ihi- |ii> i liii i,, iIm -,!i,|,i. n- | mdiiced by the drug investigated, and those wliich tlicy Ira-, , ,,;,,;(,, ,;, , | la rated from the clinical observa- tions, by which the foriiur li,i\, linii I lliiiKjd, riiai this volume contains a very large HOMCEOPATIIIO rUBLICATIOXS. / amount of invaluable information is iucontestaMe, ami that every effort liiis liceii made to secure both fulness of detail and accuracy of statement, is apparent liiniii.;h..ut. l-'or these reasons we can cimfidently commend Dr. Hale's fourfli edition of hi^ \miI kui.wn Avork()n the iVtiD Remedies to our homoeopathic colleagues." — From the Montldij lljnDropaituc Review. HALE, DR. E. M. Materia Medica and Special Therapeutics of the New Remedies. By Edwix M. Hale, M.D. Liitc rroiessor of jMateria Meilica and Therapeutics of the New Keraedie.s in Hahnemann Medical College, Chicago; Professor of Materia Midicu in the Chicago Homueopathic College, etc. Fifth edition, revised and enlarged (thirty- seven new remedies), in two volumes. Vol. II. Special Therapeutics. With illustrative cases. Pp.901. 8vo. Cloth, . . . $5.00 Half morocco, S6.00 "Hale's Ni-u- Rcmedie.'! h one of the lew works whirli .-, , | ! ;-i In. no matter how poor ho iiiav lie, ounht to own. Manv other books are \ in i i ' . i: i . and very desir- able, but this is inai-ipensable. This volume bellire u.s i- h i s. :~;H/eimcn of the printers' and binder.-' art, and eiiually enjoyable tt lien we .nii-iu.r n- . iiieuts, which are not only thorou.^bly seientilie, but al.so as inieresiiu- a- a novel. Tbirly-seven new drugs are added in this eiliiioii, besides niuueiMus additions to the eflects of drugs, previously dis- cussed. * * ■ We must say and reiterate if necessary, that Dr. Hale has hit the nail on the he;id in liis plan for presenting the new remedies. It does well enough to tabu- late and catalogue, for reierence in looking up eases, barren lists of symptoms, but for real enjoyable study, for the means of clinching our information and making it stand by us, give us' volumes planned and executed like that now under consideration." — From the New Eng- land Medical Gazette. HALE, DR. E. M. Medical and Surgical Treatment of the Dis- eases of Women, especially those causing .Sterility. Second edition. Pp. 378. 8vo. Cloth $2.50 "This work is the outcome of a quarter of a century of practical gynaecological experi- ence, and on every page we are struck with its realness. It is one of those books that will be kept on a low shelf in the libraries of its possessors, so that it may be found readily at hand in case of need. It is a work that soon will be well-thumbed by the busy practitioner who owns it, because in many a difficult obstetric case he will pace his study, tug at the favorite button a little nervously, and suddenly pause and e.xclaim, 'Let us see what Hale says about it!' an 1 in seeing what Hale does say about it he will feel strengthened and com- forted, as one does after a consultation with a hdlfreicher colleague in a difficult or dangerous case, in which the enormous responsibility had threatened to crush one. "Ill uiane olistinate uterine eases we shall reach this book down to read again and again wb.a iliis ciinical genius has t . say on the subject. 'We have never seen Professor Hale in tlie I'le-h, but we liave hail seores of consultations with him in the pages of his Neii: Rinr.hrx, and he lias th'is leelessly helped us cure many an obstinate case of disease. " When we get a good book we mentally shake hands with the author, and think grate- fully of him for giving us of his great riches. This is a good book, and thus we act and feel' towards its gifted author, Professor Hale.' — Frum the Homoeopatliic World, London. HART, DR. C. P. Diseases of the Nervous System. Being a Treatise} on Spasmodic, Paralytic, Neuralgic anil Mental Affections. For the use of Students and Practitioners of Medicine. By Chas. Porter Hart, M.D., Honorary Member of the College of Physicians and Sur- geons of Jlichigan, etc., etc., etc. Pp. 409. 8vo. Cloth, . S3.00 "Tlii-i work s'ljiplies a need keenly felt in our school — a work which will be useful alike 1 ■ ili. > m i il iiactitioner and specialist; containing, as it does, not only a c(mdensed compil It in ii lii \ lows of the Ijest authorities on the subject treated, but also the author's own cliiii al eN|ierieuie; to which is appended the appropriate homoeopathic treatment of each disease. It is written in an easy, flowing style, at the same time there is no wa-ste of words. ***** We consider the work a highly valuable one, bearing the evidence of hard work, considerable research and experience." — Medico-Chirurgicnl Quarterly. " We feel proud that in Hart's ' Diseases of the Nervous System ' we have a work up O F. E. BOERICKES to date, a work which we need not feel ashamed to put in the liands of ilie neurologist or alienist for critical examination, a work for which we predict a rapid sale." — North Ameri- can Journal vf Homoiopathy. HELMUTH, DR. W. T. A System of Surgery. Illustrated with oB.S ]<;ngniviugs on Wood. By Wm. Tod Helmuth, M.D. Third editi..ii. Pp. lUOO. Sheep, _ . . $8.50 This standard work, for many years used as a text-book in all homoeopathic colleges, still maintains its rank as the best work ever brought out by our school on the subject. Ever since it was issued the necessity, for the student or j)rac- titioner, to invest in allopathic works on the subject ceased to exist. It is up to date, and abounds in valuable liints, for it gives the results of the author's ripe .and extensive experience with homoeopathic medication in connection with sur- gical operations. In elegance of diction our author has never been approached. . . . . " We have in this work a condensed compendium of almost all that is known in practical surgery, written in a terse, forcible, though pleasing style, the author evidently having the rare gift of saying a great deal in a few words, and of saying these few words in a graccl'iil. c:i^y manner. Almost every subject is illustrated with cases from the doctor's own pnirti- >■ ; n.n- lias lie neglected to put before us the great advantage of homce- opathic treatriKiit in -uuiral diseases. The work is in every respect up to the require- ments of the times "Taken aUoj.ali. r, ui- liave no book in our literature that we are more proud of. "One word <:l iiiaiiinii iatimi to the publishers is naturally drawn from us as we com- pare this handsoiii.-. d. irly-i.rinted, neatly-bound volume with the last edition. The dif- ference is so pali^iMc' that ihcie is no necessity of making further comparisons." — Homoeo- pathic Ttme^. HELMUTH, DR. W. T. Supra-Pubic Lithotomy. The High Opt'ratiiju for Stone — Epic3'Stotomy — Hypogastric' Litliotomy — ^"The Hiiih A]iparatus." By Wm. Tod Helmuth, M.D., Professor of Surgery in tlie X. Y. ILim. Med. College; Surgeon to the Hahnemann Hospital and ti) Wards Island Homoeopathic Hospital, N. Y. 98 quarto pp. 8 lithographic plates. Cloth. Price, $4.00 A superb quarto edition, with lithographic plates, printed in five colors, and illustrated by charts and numerous woud-cuts. HEINIGKE, DR. CARL. Pathogenetic Outlines of Homoeo- pathic Drugs. By Dr. Carl Heinigke, of Leipzig. Translated from the German by Emil Tietze, M.D., of Philadelphia. Pp. 576. 8vo. Cloth, $3.50 " Tlie reader of tliis work will gain more practical knowledge of a given drug from its pages in tlic same sj of time than from any other book on the same subject. ■'The ptiblMi. r [lit "I the work has been e.xec ted with the usual elegance, neatness and duraliiiity \. 'li ii 'i i a n li/cs all their publications which we have seen. "To the lai h , n a iih^ portion of our colleagues, this book will be a boon to be appreciated, in |iio|ioiiioii ili;it it is consulted, and will save them many weary reseiirchcs when in dmilit of the true homoeopathic remedy." — American HomceojMth. HEMPEL, DR. C. J., and DR. J. BEAKLEY. Homoeopathic Theory and Practice. With the Homoeopathic Treatment of Surgical Diseases. Dt'.signed for Students and Practitioners of Medicine, and as a Guide for an intelligent public generally. Fourth edition. Pp.1100. $3.00 HERING, DR. CONSTANTINE. Condensed Materia Medica. Si'cond eililioii, mons (aindensed, Uevised, Enlarged and Improved. X06 large Svo. Half morocco, ...... $7.00 ["his, the most complete work issued from the pen of the late illustrious author, has a very large sale, having been adopted from its first appearance as Text-book in all Homoeopathic Colleges in the United States. • This HOMCEOPATUIC PUBLICATIONS. i) " This work, the author tells us, is made up from the manuseript iircpareil for the ' Guiding Symptoms,' and is intended to '/tvu tlic stuikiil an idea of tlic main katures of each drug in as narrow a compass as possible. It is, in I;mI, ihe '(iuidinu: Syinptiiiiis' boiled down. It lias therefore a value of its own in enal^liuL; the student cu- ]ira.iitii)inr to see quiikly the ehief symptoms of eaeli iiieili'ine. Its name indicates ii- nmui, . .i.ily, the enn.lrii>:iti.in being more valuable Iroin tin- liamls of Dr. Herinu tl. i '•'■ i i from (ithiTs i.i' smaller experience. Tu tli.ise who wish to have such an i . Maieri.t Mi'iliea besiile them, we can reconunend it.' — MuiUldy Uomceopatliu- luri.r hi ~i jiLniber, ISSU. " The favor with which this work has been received, and the rapidity with which it has been adopted as a text-hook in all the homa?opathic medical colleges, attests most Uilly its value. Embracing the rich experience and the extensive learning of the author, its authoi'- ity is unquestioned. The relationship of the drugs is peculiarly valuable, and can be found nowhere else outside of Boenninghausen. The schema is according to Hahnemann, simi-_ larity in symptoms being clearly indicated. Hering's Materia Medica has now become the leading work of its kind in our school. Its broad pages lie invitingly before you. You read over the symptomatology of each drug with the consciousness that each and every line has been well eon.sidered before incorporation, and that ifis a storehouse of wealth from which every worker can draw his supplies. The appearance of the work reflects credit upon the publishers, who have already gained their reputation as book publishers of the first rank." — Homceopathic Newi. HERING, DR. CONSTANTINE. Domestic Physician. Seventh American EiJitiou. 464 Pp $2.50 The present editor, Claude R. Norton, M.D., a former assistant of Dr. Hering, undertook, at his desire, the task of superintending the publication of the work. Some additions to the text have been made, a few remedies intro- duced, and, at times, slight alterations in the arrangement effected, but the well- known views of the author have been respected in whatever has been done ; but for unavoidable reasons, the issue of the jiresent edition has been delaj'ed until tliis time. HOMCEOPATHIC POULTRY PHYSICIAN (Poultry Veteri- narian ) ; or, Plain Directions for the Homoeopathic Treatment of the most Common Ailments of Fowls, Ducks, Geese, Turkeys, and Pigeons, based on the author's large experience, and compiled from the most reliable sources, by Dr. Fr. Schroter. Translated from the German. 84 pages. 12mo. Cloth, $0.50 AVe imported hundreds of copies of this work in the original German for our customers, and as it gave good satisfaction, we thought it advisable to give it an English dress, so as to make it available to the public generally. The little work sells very fast, and our readers will doubtless often have an oppor- tunity to draw the attention of ,t|lieir patrons to it. HOMCEOPATHIC COOKERY. Second edition. With additions by a Lady of an American Homeopathic Physician. Designed chiefly for the Use of such PersoiLs as are under Homoeopathic Treatment. 176 pages. $0.50 HULL'S JAHR. A New Manual of Homoeopathic Practice. Edited, with Annotations and Additions, by F. G. Snelling, M.D. Sixth American edition. With an Appendix of the New Remedies, by C. J. Hemim:i., M.D. 2 vols. 2076 pages, $9.00 This first volume, containing the symptomatology, gives the complete pathogenesis of two hundred and eighty -seven remedies, besides a large number of new remedies added by Dr. Hempel, in the appendix. The second volume contains an admirably arranged Repertory. Each chapter is accompanied by copious clinical remarks and the concomitant symptoms of the chief remedies for the malady treated of, thus imparting a mass of information, rendering the work indispensable to every student and practitioner of medicine. 10 F. E. BOERUKES JAHR, DR. G. H. G. Therapeutic Guide; the most Important results of more than Forty Years Practice. With Personal Observations regard- ing the truly reliable and ])ractically verified Curative Indications in actual cases of disease. Translated, with Notes and New Remedies, by C. J. Hempel, M.D. 546 pages S3.00 "With this characteristically long title, the veteran and indefatigable Jahr gives us another volume of houia'oijatliics. Besides the explanation of its purport contained in the title itself, the author's preface still further sets forth its distinctive aim. It is intended, he says, as a 'guide to beginners, where I only indicate the most iniportant and decisive points for the selection of a remedy, and where 1 do not ofler anything but what my own indi- vidual experience, during a practice of forty years, has enabled me to verify as absolutely decisive in choosing the proper remedy.' The reader will eas^ily comprehend that, in carry- ing out this plan, I had rigidly to exclude all cases concerning which 1 had no experience of viy own to ofler We are bound to say that the book itself is agreeable, chatty, and full of practical observation. It may be read straight through with interest, and referred to in the treatment of particular cases with advantage." — Brilish Journal of Homoe- opathy. • JAHR, DR. G. H. G. The Homoeopathic Treatment of Diseases of Females and Infar.ts at the Breast. Translated from the French byC. J. llEMfKi., xM.I). 422 pages. Half leather, . . . S2.00 Thi.s work deserves the most careful attention on the part of homoeopathic practitioners. The diseases to which the female organism is subject are de- scribed, with the most minute cniiiMiiuss, ;iiicl the treatment is likewise indicated with a care that would seem to defy criticism. Xo one can fail to study this work but with profit and jjleasure. JONES, DR. SAMUEL A. The Grounds of a Homoeopaths Faith. Three Lectures, delivered at the request of Watriculates of the Department of Medicine and Surgery (Old School) of the University of Michigan. By Samuel A. Joxes, M.D., Professor of IMateria Medica, Therapeutics, and Experimental Pathogenesy in the Homoeopathic Medical College of the University of Michigan, etc., etc. 92 Pages. 12mo. Cloth (per dozen, 83), $0.30 The first Lecture is on The Laio of Similars; ils Claim to be a Scie7iee in that it Enables Fervermoii. The second Lecture, The Single Eeniedy a Necessity of Science. The third Lecture, The Minimum Dose an Inevitable Sequence. A fourth Lecture, on The Dynamization Theory, was to have finished the course, but was prevented by the approach of final examinations, the prepara- tion for which left no time for hearing evening lectures. The Lectures are issued in a convenient size for the coat-pocket ; and as an earnest testimony to the truth, we believe they will find their wav into manv a homcoopathic house- hold. JOHNSON, DR. I. D. Therapeutic Key; or Practical Guide for the Hoino'ojiathic Treatment of Acute Diseases. Tenth edition. 347 pages. Bound ill linen $1.75 Bound in ficxibi(> leather cover, ...... 2.25 The same iixludiii;,' twelve insets properly lined and headed for daily visits, $3.25, or the iiisi Is s(|iaiately at $1 per set of twelve. Each inset will be found sufficient for a month's visits in ordinary practice and w-ell supplies the usual visiting list, and this without a perceptible increase in bulk. Tills has been one of the best selling works on our shelves ; more copies being in circulation of this than of any two other professional works put to- gether. It is safe to say that there are but few homojopathic practitioners in this country but have one or more copies of this little remembrancer in their possession. IIOMtEOPATHIC PUBLICATIONS. 11 " This is a wonderful little book, that seems to contaiu nearly everything pertaining to the practice of pliysic, and all neatly epitomized, so that the book may be carried very com- fortably in the pocket, to serve as a source for a refresher in a case of need. " It is a marvel to us how the author has contrived to put into 347 pages such a vast amount of information, and all of the very kind that is needed. No wonder it is in its tenth edition. '■ Uif,'lit in the middle of the book, under P, we find a most useful little chapter, or article, on ' I'oisonings,' telling the reader wliat to do in such cases, — Homaeo})atlnc World, JOHNSON, DR. I. D. A Guide to Homoeopathic Practice. De- signed lor the Use of Families auil Private Individuals, 494 pages. Cloth 82,00 This is the latest work ou Domestic Practice issued, and the well and favor- ably known author has surpassed himself In this book fifty-six remedies are introduced for internal application, and four for external use. The work con- sists of two parts. Part I is subdivided into seventeen chapters, each being devoted to a special part of the body, or to a peculiar class of disease. Part II contains a short and concise IMateria Medica. The whole is carefully written with a view of avoiding technical terms as much as possible, thus insuring its comprehension by any person of ordinary intelligence. "Family Guides are often of great service, not only in enabling individuals to relieve the trifling maladies of such frequent occurrence in every family, but in the graver forms of disease, by prompt action to prepare the way for tlie riper intelligence of the physician. "The work under notice seems to have been carefully prepared by an intelligent physi- cian, and is one of the liandsomest specimens of book-making we have seen from the house of Boericke & Tafel, its publishers." — Homoeopathic Times. LAURIE and McCLATCHEY. The Homoeopathic Domestic Medicine. By Joh;EPii Laukie, M.D., Ninth American, from the Twenty- first IjDglish edition. Edited and revised, with numerous and important additions, and the introduction of the new remedies. By R. J. Mc- Clatciiey, JNI.D. 1044 pages. 8vo. Half morocco, . . $5.00 " We dn not liesitate to endorse the claims made by the publishers, that this is the most complete, clear, and comprehensive treatise on the domestic homoeopathic treatment of dis- ease extant. This handsome volume of nearly eleven hundred pages is divided into six parts. Part I is introductory, and is almost faultless. It gives the most complete and exact directions for the maintenance of health, and of the method of investigating the con- dition of the sick, and of discriminating between diflerent diseases. It is written in the most lucid style, and is aljove all tilings wonderfully free from technicalities. Part II. treats of symptoms, cliaracter, distinctions, and treatment of general diseases, together with a chapter on casualties. Part III. takes up diseases peculiar to women. Part IV. is devoted to the disorders of infancy and childhood. Part V. gives the characteristic symptoms of the mcdiriiKs referred to in the body of the work, while part VI. introduces the reper- tory."— /A'//ie, „.,»»/„ „ Monthly. "Of ilie usdulncss of this work in cases where no educated homoeopathic physician is witliln reacli, there can be no question. There is no doubt that domestic homoeopathy has done much to make tlie science known; it has also saved lives in emergencies. The i)rac- tice has never been so well presented to the public as in this excellent volume." — iVtw. Eny. Med. GazfUe. LILIENTHAL, DR. S. Homoeopathic Therapeutics. By R. Lii.iEXTiiAE, M.l)., Editor of Nortii Anitricau Journal of Homoeopathy, Professor of Clinical jNIodicine and Psychology in the New York Honuv- opathic Medical College, and Professor of Theory and Practice in the New York College Hospital for Women, Etc. Second edition. 835 pages. 8vo. Cloth, So.OO Half morocco, .......... 6.00 " Certainly no one in our ranks is so well qualified for this work as he who has done it, and in considering the work done, we must have a true conception of the proper sphere 12 F. E. boericke's of such a work. For the fresh graduate, this book will be invaluable, and to all such we unhesitatini^ly and very earnestly commend it. To the older one, wlio says he has no use' for this bo(ik,"we have nothing to say. He is a good one to avoid when well, and to dread when ill. AVe also hope that he is severely an unicum." — Prof. Samuel A. Joues in Amet-ican Observer. " . . . . It is an extraordinary useful Ijook, and those who add it to their library will never feel regret, for we are not saying too much in pronouncing it the beM uork on. therapeiilici in homa'oiiathic" |(ir aiiv nlhi-ri literature. With this under one elbow, and l[i'riiit.''s nr AlK'u's Mm, ii,i .1/ : . < immI. i tin > ilur, tlie carcl'ul lidnHcopathic practitioner cm uliiic Xiiiiiavir's I i i .k-claic it i.llc lo liojiu fnr a time when a iiK-ai<:,l |,icsrii|,ii,ii, >1. I iiaiit ..f UiKuvM (luantitics.' Doctor, bv all lllL■a^^ l.iiv Liliuinbal'.-, II ...■: j.:::.:r J;!, , uy ,. ,.;.i „•. It contains a mine of wealth."— ProA C7«i.s. Uuirh.l InlbUl." LUTZE, DR. A. Manual of Homoeopathic Theory and Practice. Designed for the use of Physicians and Families. Translated lidiii the German, with additions by C. J. Hempel, M.D. From the six- tieth thousand of the German edition. 750 pp. 8vo. Half leather, $2.50 MALAN, H. Family Guide to the Administration of Homoeo- pathic Remedies. 112 pages. .'i2nio. Cloth, . . . .si).;;i_) MANUAL OF HOMCEOPATHIC VETERINARY PRACTICE. Designed for all kinds of Domestic Animals and Fowls, prescribing their jiroper treatment when injured or diseased, and their particular care and general management in health. Second and enlarged edition. 68-1 pages. 8vo. Half morocco, " . . . $5.00 " In order to rightly estimate the value and comprehensiveness of this great work, the reader should compare it, as we have done, with the best of those already before the public. In .size, fulness, and practical value it is head and shoulders above the very best of them, while in many most important disorders it is far superior to them altogether, containing, as it does, recent forms of disease of which they make no mention." — Huhnemannian Monthly. MARSDEN, DR. J. H. Handbook of Practical Midwifery, with rri.i. Instiu-ctioxs for the Hojkeopathic- Tp.eatme>'t of the Dis- EASICS OF Pr.EGX.\XCY, AND THE AcC'IDEXTS AND DlSEASE.S INCIDENT TO Labor axd the Puerperal State. J. H. Marsden, A.M., M.D., 315 pages. Cloth $2.25 " It is seldom we have perused a text-book with such entire satisfaction as this. The author ha.s certainly succeeded in his design of luinisliiiit; llie ^tinleiit ami yuimi,' prac- titioner, within as narrow limits as possible, all ner.--:n v in-inn tnn in |n;n tiral utiiiwifery. The work shows on every page extended research anl lii-i. ii-li ju i.iiral kiiMwIr.lue. The style is clear, the array of facts unique, and the deduiii.ins jmli. i.ms ami piacliral. We are particularly pleased with his discussion of the management of lalior, and the management of mother and child immediately after the birth, but much is left open tojthe common sense and practical judgment of the attendant in peculiar and individual cases." — Uomceo- paihic Timet. MORGAN, DR. W. The Text-book for Domestic Practice; being jihiHi and concise directions for the Administration of Honiffiopathic Medi- cines in Siinjjle Ailments. 191 pages. 32mo. Cloth, . . 80.50 This is a concise and short treatise on the most common ailments, printed in convenient size for the pocket ; a veritable traveler's companion. NORTON, DR. GEO. S. Ophthalmic Therapeutics. By Geo. S. Xiii:ton, M.])., I'niilssur nf (^jihtiialniolugy in the College of" the New Yiirk Ophtlialiiiic Ilosjiital, Scniy Alph. Teste, ]\I.D. Translated from the French by Emma H. Cute. Fourth edition. 34.J pages. 12mo. Cloth, .... $1.50 This sterling work is by no means a new applicant for the favorable con- sideration of the profession, but is known to the older physicians since many years, and would be as well known to the younger had it not been out of print for nearly eight years. However, as orders for the work were persistently re- ceived from all quarters, we concluded to resurrect the book as it were, and purchasing the plates from the quondam publishers, we re-issued it in a nmch improved form, i. e., well printed on excellent paper. Dr. Teste's work is unique, in that in most cases it recommends for certain affections remedies that arc nut usually thought of in connection therewith; but, embodying the results of an immense practical experience, they rarely fail to accomplish the de- sired end. VERDI, DR. T. S. Maternity, a Popular Treatise for Young Wives and Mothers. Bv Tullio Buzzaka Verdi, A.M., M.D., of Washington, I ).C. 450 pages. 12mo. Cloth, . . . $2.00 "No one needs instruction more than a young mother, and the directions given by Dr. Verdi in this work are such as I should take great jilcasure in recommending to all the young mothers, and some of the old ones, in the range of my practice."— G'corje E. Ship- man, M.D., Chicago, III. "Dr. Verdi's book is replete with useful suggestions for wives and mothers, and his medical instructions for home use accord with the maxijns of my best experience in jirac- tice."— 7oAn /''. Gray, M.D., New York City. Mothers and Daughters: Practical Studies for the Conservation of the Health of Girls. By Tullio Suzzara Verdi, A.M , M.D. 287 pages. 12mo. Cloth, $1.50 nOMfEOP.\TniC PUBLICATIONS. 15 '"Tlie people, and especially the women, need tTilijliteiiiiij cm many points connected with tlioii- physical lit'o, and the time is fast ai)prn:irliiiu u h' n ii will no longer he thought singular or ' Yankeeish ' that a woman should he in~nihi. I in ivjard to her sexuality, its organs and their functions Dr. Verdi i> doin^ a L;o,.clworlc in writing such books, and we trust he will continue in the course he has adopted of educating tlic mother and daughters. The book is handsomely presented, it is printed in good tyjic c.u line paper, and is neatly and substantially bound." — Hatinemanniaii, MonllUy. VON TAGEN Biliary Calculi, Perineorrhaphy, Hospital Gan- grene, and its Kindred Diseases. 154 pages. Svo. Cloth, §1.25 " \'on Tagen was an industrious worker, a dose obserrer, an able writer. The essays before us bear the marks of this. Tlu-y are n littcn in an easy, flowing, graceful style, and are full of valuable suggestions. WliiK- the essay on perineorrhaphy is mainly of interest to the surgeon, the other essays couix rn the ^ciurul practitioner. They are exhaustive nnd abound in good things. The author is csjiecially emphatic in recommending the use of bromine in the treatment of hospital gangrene, and furnishes striking clinical evidence in support of his recommendation. " The book forms a neat volume of 150 pages, and is well worthy of careful study." — Medical Counselor. WILLIAMSON, DR. W. Diseases of Females and Children, and their Homoeopathic Treatment. Third enlarged edition. 256 pages, 61.00 This work contains a short treatise on the homoeopathic treatment of the diseases of females and children, the conduct to be observed during pregnancy, labor and confinement, and directions for the management of new-born infants. WILSON, DR. T. P. Special Indications for Twenty-five Reme- dies in Intermittent Fever. Br T. P. Wilson, M.l)., Professor of Theory and Practice, Ophthalmic and Aural Surgery, University of Michi- gan. 1880. 53 pages. 18mo. Cloth, $0.40 This little work gives the characteristic Indications in Intermittent Fever of twenty-tive of the mostly used remedies. It is printed on heavy writing paper, and plenty of space is given to make additions. The name of the drug is printed on the back of the page containing the symptoms, in order that the student may the better exercise his memory. WINSLOW, DR. W. H. The Human Ear and Its Diseases. A Practical Treatise upon the E.xaraiiiation, Recognition and Treatment of Affections of the Ear and Associate Parts, Prepared for the Instruction of Students and the Guidance of Physicians. By W. H. Winslow, M.D., Ph.D., Oculist and Aurist to the Pittsburg Homoeopathic Hospital, etc., etc., with one hundred and thirtv-eight illustrations. Pp. 526. 8vo. Cloth. Price " 84.50 "It would ill-become a non-specialist to pass judgment upon the intrinsic merits of Dr. Winslow's book, but even a general reader of medicine can see in it an author who has a firm grasp and an intelligent apprehension of his subject. There is about it an air of self- reliant confidence, which, when not offensive, can come only from a consciousness of know- ing the mtitter in hand, and we have never reanden.scd Materia Medica, with ad- diti(»ns from Allen, Lippe and Hale. Compiled and arranged by Sa.muel Worcester, M.D., Salem, Mass., Lecturer on Insanity and its Jurispru- 16 F. E. 150ERICKES dence at Boston University School of Medicine, etc., etc. 1880. 160 pages. 12mo. Cloth, $1.2.5 "This Repertory to the Modalilti's is indeed a most useful undertaking, and will, witliout question, be a material aid tn mi.id and ^.lllnd prescribing where there ace prominent modal- ities. The first rliajiter Irtats ni ilu- sun and its eflects, both beneficial and hurtl'ul, and we see at a glance that xiriuiliinn ,<;,rh . ,,,i'u.i,diwm, conium mac, and kali bich. are likely to be useful to iKitiunts wliii like lia^kiii:; in the sun. Xo doubt many of these modalities are more or l^-■^■^ lanriliil ; slill a great uuuiy of tliiu; aic real and of vast clinical range. "Tlif I k i- niirly printed nn good i)a|i. !■, ml -imTi-ly bound. It contains 160 pages. We preclii I iliai it will meet with a steady, hiii^-ionii 1 sale, and in the course of time be foimd on llie tallies of most of those carefiil ami lonscientious pre.scribers who admit the philosophical value of (for instance) lunar aggravations, effects of thunder-storms, etc. And wlio, being without the priggishness of mere brute science, does not?" — Homompathk World. \VORCESTER, DR. S. Insanity and Its Treatment. Lectures on the Treatiucut of Insanity ami Kindred Nervous Diseases. By Samuel Worcester, M.D., Salem, j\lass. Lecturer on Insanity, Nervous Dis- eases and Dermatology, at Boston University School of Medicine, etc., etc. 262 pages, _ . . S3.50 Dr. Worcester was for a number of years assistant physician of the Butler Hospital for the Insane, at Providence, R. I., and was appointed shortly after as Lecturer on Insanity and Nervous Diseases to the Boston University School of Medicine. The work, comprising nearly five hundred pages, will be wel- comed by every homoeopathic practitioner, for every physician is called upon sooner or later to undertake the treatment of cases of insanity among his pat- ron's families, inasmuch as very many are loth to deliver any afflicted member to a public institution without having first exhausted all means within their power to effect a cure, and the family physician naturally is the first to be put in charge of the case. It is, therefore, of paramount importance that every homoeopathic practitioner's library should contain such an indispensable work. "The basis of Dr. Worcester's work was a course of lectures delivered before the senior students of the Boston University School of Medicine. As now presented with some alter- ations and additions, it makes a very e.xcellent text-book for students and practitioners. Dr. Worcester lias drawn very largely upon standard authorities and his own experience, wliich luis not been small. In the direction of homoeopathic treatment, he has received valuable a.ssistance from Drs. Talcott and Butler, of the New York State Asylum. It is not, nor does it pretend to be, an exhaustive work; but as a well-digested summary of our present knowledge of insanity, we feel sure that it will give satisfaction. We cordially recommend it." — yew England Medical Oazette. RETURN BIOSCIENCE & NATURAL RESOURCES LIBRARY LOAN PERIOD l' ONEMOMIii i ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS pi IF A fi STAMPED below' k FORM NO, DDO, 50m, 1 1 /94 UNIVERSITY OF CAUFORNIA, BERKELEY BERKELEY, CA 94720 92;S804 Ry^^- '"^ III *.' THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY