1 
 
 MBERS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 OF 
 
 Republic 
 
GIFT OF 
 Joe G. Sweet 
 
RECORDS OF MEMBERS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 
 
 WITH A COMPLETE ACCOUNT OF THE 
 
 TWENTIETH NATIONAL ENCAMPMENT, 
 
 Being a careful compilation of Biographical Sketches, well arranged and indexed, to which 
 
 are added the Notable Speeches of the Twentieth National Encampment, together 
 
 with a full account of the Proceedings, and a Chronological Summary 
 
 of the Important Events of the Civil War. 
 
 A HISTORY OF THE GROWTH, USEFULNESS, AND IMPORTANT EVENTS OF 
 THE GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC, FROM ITS 
 
 :<rr TIME. 
 
 KDITED BY 
 
 WILLIAM H. WARD. 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO: 
 
 H. S. CROCKER & CO., STATIONERS AND PUBLISHERS, 215-219 BUSH STREET. 
 
 1886. 
 
; 
 
 Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1886, by 
 
 WIIJJAM H. WARD, 
 In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, I). C. 
 
TO 
 
 THE SOLDIERS AND SAILORS 
 
 WHO FOUGHT V SO NOBLY 
 FOR THE 
 
 PRESERVATION OF THE UNION 
 
 THIS WORK IvS DEDICATED. 
 
PRESS NOTICES FROM LEADING PUBLICATIONS. 
 
 [San Francisco Chronicle.] 
 
 A work of unusual historical and personal interest, and which will go far toward perpetuating the 
 memories of the forthcoming encampment here, is now in course of preparation by William H. Ward, of this 
 city. It embraces a record of the members of the Grand Army of the Republic, compiled from statistics for 
 warded by the veterans themselves, and a complete account of the twentieth annual encampment. Such a 
 work enters a field never before covered, and it goes without saying that to every member of the order, to all 
 their friends, and to those who had relatives in the ranks, it will be of intense and absorbing interest. It will 
 form a military encyclopaedia, by means of which, at a glance, each soldier can trace his comrades of the 
 field. The historical portion, covering the encampment, will include reports of the principal speeches, a 
 general description of the ceremonies, decorations, and entertainments, and forms, doubtless, the fullest, most 
 graphic, and complete work of reference upon the subject obtainable. The title is: "Records of the 
 Members of the G. A. R." 
 
 [San Francisco Examiner.] 
 
 " Records of Members of the Grand Army of the Republic" is the title of a handsomely bound volume 
 which has just made its appearance in the literary world. It is the work of William H. Ward, and is dedicated 
 by him to the " soldiers and sailors who fought so nobly for the preservation of the Union." It is a valuable 
 book of reference, and should occupy space in every library. It contains a careful compilation of biographical 
 sketches, well arranged and indexed, to which are added the notable speeches delivered during the twentieth 
 national encampment. A history of the growth and usefulness of the organization, a chronological history 
 of the battles of the war, and a concise account of the events of the G. A. R., from its origin to the present 
 time, are also features of its contents. In his preface, the author states that the result of his labors consists 
 in the records of thousands who upheld the flag, and the book is a testimony to the excellent organization 
 they have formed. It is a step toward an encyclopaedia of information of the G. A. R., and, no doubt, many a 
 comrade will find a familiar name among its pages. The work was suggested by a fruitless search for infor 
 mation in reference to previous encampments, and the organization, history, and personnel of the grandest 
 army of the world. It aims to be a treasury of facts, accurate in its details. Henceforth, when information is 
 wanted, upon the subject of which it treats, it may be found compiled in permanent and accessible form. It 
 has been verified by some of the most prominent veterans of the war. The appearance of the volume 
 containing such a fund of information, at this epoch of the history of the organization, will, no doubt, enhance 
 its value, and the editor deserves credit for his enterprise. 
 
 [Pacific Veteran.] 
 
 Previous to, and during, the late encampment, the office of this paper was visited by reporters from 
 various journals, seeking information relative to the history of the Grand Army and its prominent members. 
 In many cases the desired information was imparted, and in others it could not be found. Realizing the want 
 and the greatness of the work, Mr. William II. Ward early began to secure and compile all matters of interest 
 pertaining to the origin, growth, and work of the order, and the biographies of prominent members belonging 
 to it, and the result of his research and earnest labor is being published in a fine, large volume, to be sold by 
 subscription. We have examined some of the advance sheets, and most heartily commend the matter, typog 
 raphy, and style of the work, and urge upon our comrades, everywhere, to obtain it as an invaluable 
 reference, necessary in all posts and other libraries. 
 
 [Golden Era Magazine.] 
 
 William H. Ward has shown indomitable enterprise in planning, and having advanced to success, the 
 publication of " The Records of Members of the Grand Army of the Republic." It is an enterprise as 
 important as the publication of any volume of recent years. The work is being rapidly pushed, and comrades 
 are being furnished with blank forms for giving their biographies, military and civil records, etc. It is the 
 intention of the author to complete the first volume by December ist of this year. The first volume will be 
 miscellany mostly, and is made up of useful information about the armies of the United States, and the order 
 of the G. A. R. The work will not be completed until each member shall be given his record, so that it may 
 be handed down in book- form. 
 
 [Sunday World.] 
 
 A cursory glance over the contents of this invaluable record of the Grand Army of the Republic shows 
 it to be replete with details of interest to the general public, while it will be of special value to the relatives of 
 those whose valor and virtue it records, and it will., no doubt, be handed down as an heirloom in many 
 families, and become more and more valued as the passing years shall have thrown an heroic mantle over 
 the brave deeds and tragic events of rebellions history has recorded. 
 
 The work will be beautifully printed, and elegantly bound. We presage for this literary undertaking 
 the great measure of success to which it is justly entitled, by reason of the industry and talent displayed in its 
 compilation, by the author, WILLIAM H. WARD. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 When in the summer of 1886 the Twentieth National Encampment of the Grand 
 Army of the Republic assembled in San Francisco, California, there was a natural 
 desire in the community to learn all that was possible about an organization which 
 commanded such unbounded enthusiasm and was so warmly welcomed. The press 
 of the city published voluminous accounts of the receptions of the veterans, the 
 history of the most distinguished among them, and many other interesting items 
 connected with the order. These publications, though elaborate in many respects, 
 reflecting great credit on the industrious, painstaking research of the editorial and 
 reportorial staff, as well as numerous contributors, were necessarily inconvenient for 
 preservation, and there was also much important data which had unavoidably to be 
 omitted for want of space. The great value of these articles of the San Francisco 
 press immediately previous and during the encampment caused the suggestion from 
 many different members of the order that a work which would give in permanent 
 and accessible form a history of the order, the record of the Twentieth National 
 Encampment, and biographical sketches of members of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic was exceedingly desirable and would be generally appreciated. It was 
 under these circumstances that the book was commenced. How far it is a success will 
 be for those personally interested to judge. It will be seen that it is a history of 
 private soldiers as well as commissioned officers, and shows the admirable material 
 of which the rank and file of the armies of the United States in the late Civil War 
 were composed. They came from the different pursuits of life ; they largely repre 
 sented the intelligence, the moral and patriotic sentiment, and the best elements of 
 the social and political system of the country. 
 
 Great care has been taken to be accurate in all the statements. The data has 
 been obtained either directly from the parties themselves, their friends, official sources 
 or reliable publications. The purpose has been to narrate the facts concerning the 
 military, civil, and Grand Army record of each member, in a plain manner, entirely 
 devoid of coloring. The work is a step towards an encyclopedia of the Grand Army 
 of the Republic, and we trust that many a comrade may find a familiar name in these 
 pages. A second volume of this work will be issued at an early date which will give 
 the history of the Grand Army as it appears herein, and will contain the biographies 
 of other comrades unavoidably crowded out of the first volume. 
 
 It is but proper and just that acknowledgments should be made to Past Com- 
 mander-in-Chief Robert B. Beath, G. A. R., of Philadelphia, Pa., for valuable assistance 
 and suggestions in the revision of the History. 
 
HISTORY. A! ,-v.;. 
 
 OF THE 
 
 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 
 
 ITS GROWTH AND USEFULNESS. 
 
 More than a million men were mustered out of the Union Army following the 
 cessation of the civil war. 
 
 Four years of fierce and constant struggling in an unprecedented war had 
 endeared the name of comrade to every true soldier. 
 
 France, under the leadership of that wonderful military genius the first Napoleon, 
 for nearly twenty years kept all Europe in constant turmoil, but in all that length 
 ened period there were not as many battles as during the four years of the Rebellion, 
 and the number killed and wounded on both sides exceeded that of the numerous 
 wars of England from the times of William the Conqueror to the present date, 
 
 The engagements and battles in 1861, the first year of the war, and which was 
 virtually that of preparation for the tremendous conflicts that ensued, only ending 
 with the exhaustion of the South, numbered 156 ; in 1862 they amounted to 561 ; in 
 1863 they were 626 ; in 1864 they rose to 779, and in the few months of 1865, which 
 was its termination, there were 135 battles, making in all 2,257. 
 
 The war commenced with the firing on Fort Sumter, April 12, 1861. It may be 
 properly stated to have ended with the surrender of General Lee at Appomattox, 
 April 9, 1865, though some minor engagements occurred afterwards. General Joseph 
 E. Johnston surrendered with the forces in North Carolina under his command April 
 26th, and General Kirby Smith, who commanded the last considerable body of troops 
 of the Confederacy, on Ma\ 26th, in Texas. 
 
 In this desperate struggle of four years thousands sacrificed their lives defending 
 the nation s flag, thousands fell by the wayside crippled, maimed, and diseased, a 
 great man} of whom survived and are living to-day vividly illustrating the hardships 
 of a soldier s life. Soon those ties of brotherhood, born and cherished on the battle 
 field, would be broken. The conflict had ended, and the cause of good government 
 and a free people witnessed a triumph. 
 
 Regiment after regiment was separated, and the soldier who had served his 
 country so nobly and passed through the perils of warfare would now turn his face 
 towards home and loved ones anxiously awaiting his return with welcoming arms 
 outstretched. 
 
 With profound feelings of sympathy for those brave heroes who had fallen while 
 serving their country, the soldier of the civil war returned home to follow the peaceful 
 avocations of life, carrying with him the feeling that those ties of mutual brotherhood 
 which prompted one another to join hand in hand and mai-ch with uniform love and 
 
harmony in. the cause of their country s flag, should be made perpetual ; and the old 
 bands of "fratjetmjtx apid clasp of hand should be renewed. 
 
 Witli this purpose in view the Grand Army of the Republic was organized April 
 ,^86^itf J|ej:atijr,r\he**eounty seat of Macon County, Illinois. Its originator was 
 1 D ri ^crijAminFfS < teJ>fidhson, a physician of Springfield, Illinois, who had served 
 during the war as surgeon of the i4th Illinois Infantry. He had spent many weeks 
 in study and plans so that the Order might be one that would meet with the general 
 approval of the surviving comrades of the war, and thus insure their hearty co-opera 
 tion. He made a draft of a ritual, and sent it by Captain John S. Phelps to Decatur, 
 where two veterans, Messrs. Coltrin and Prior, had a printing-office. These gentle 
 men, with their employees, who had been in the service, were first obligated to secrecy, 
 and the ritual was then placed in type in their office. 
 
 Captain Phelps returned to Springfield with proofs of the ritual, but the comrades 
 in Decatur were so interested in the project, that with the active assistance of Captain 
 M. F. Kanan and Dr. J. W. Routh, a sufficient number of names were at once secured 
 to an application for charter, and these gentlemen went to Springfield to request Dr. 
 Stephenson to return with them and organize a post at Decatiir. 
 
 The formation of a post was under way in Springfield, but not being ready for 
 muster, Dr. Stephenson, accompanied by several comrades, proceeded to Decatur, and, 
 as stated, on April 6, 1866, mustered post No. i, with General Isaac C. Pugh as 
 post commander, and Captain Kanan as adjutant. The latter gave material aid to 
 Dr. Stephenson in the work of organizing other posts, and Dr. Routh served as chair 
 man of a committee to revise the ritual. The title, The Grand Army of the Repub 
 lic, U. S.," was formally adopted that night. 
 
 Soon after this, post No. 2 was organized at Springfield, with General Jules C. 
 Webber as commander. General Webber, Col. J. M. Snyder, Major Robert M. Woods 
 Major Alfred A. North, J. T. Bishop, and John S. Phelps freely gave their time and 
 services in assisting Dr. Stephenson to spread the Order in Illinois and the adjoining 
 States. 
 
 Nothing was done in the Eastern States about establishing posts iintil the oppor 
 tunity was given for consultation on this subject at a national soldiers and sailors 
 convention, held in Pittsburg, in September, 1866, when prominent representatives 
 from Eastern States were obligated and authorized to organize posts. 
 
 The first posts so established were posts Nos. i, in Philadelphia, and 3 in Pitts- 
 burg, by charters direct from the acting commander-in-chief, Dr. Stephenson ; and 
 post 2, Philadelphia, by charter received from General J. K. Prouclfit, department 
 commander of Wisconsin. 
 
 A department convention was held at Springfield, Illinois, July 12, 1866, and 
 adopted resolutions declaring the objects of the G. A. R. General John W. Palmer 
 was elected the first Department Commander. The following was adopted, acknowl 
 edging Dr. Stephenson s services : 
 
 Whereas, The members of the Grand Army of the Republic recognize in Major 
 B. F. Stephenson, of Springfield, 111., the head and front of this organization ; be it, 
 therefore, 
 
 Resolved, That for energy, loyalty, and perseverance manifested in organizing the 
 Grand Army of the Republic, he is entitled to the gratitude of all loyal men, and we, 
 as soldiers, tender him our thanks, and pledge him our friendship at all times and 
 under all circumstances. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 7 
 
 The first national convention was held at Indianapolis, Ind., November 20, 
 1866. There were present representatives from posts in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, 
 Kansas, Kentucky, Missouri, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, and the 
 District of Columbia. General Palmer presided. General Stephen A. Hurlbut, of 
 Illinois, was elected Commander-in-Chief. General Thomas B. McKean, of New 
 York, Senior Vice Commander-in-Chief; General Nathan Kimball, of Indiana, Junior 
 Vice-Commander-in-Chief ; and Dr. Stephenson, Adjutant- General. 
 
 The objects of the Order cannot be more briefly stated than from the articles and 
 regulations. 
 
 i. To preserve and strengthen those kind and fraternal feelings which bind 
 together the Soldiers, Sailors, and Marines who united to suppress the late Rebellion, 
 and to perpetuate the memory and history of the dead. 
 
 2.. To assist such former comrades in arms as need help and protection, and to 
 extend needful aid to the widows and orphans of those who have fallen. 
 
 3. To maintain true allegiance to the United States of America, based upon a 
 paramount respect for, and fidelit3 to, its Constitution and laws, to discountenance 
 whatever tends to weaken loyalty, incites to insurrection, treason, or rebellion, or in 
 any manner impairs the efficiency and permanency of our free institutions ; and to 
 encourage the spread of universal liberty, equal rights, and justice to all men. 
 
 ARTICLE IV. Defines the qualifications of members in the following terms : 
 Soldiers and Sailors of the United States Army, Navy, or Marine Corps who served 
 between April 12, 1861, and April 29, 1865, in th* war for the suppression of the Rebel 
 lion, and those having been honorably discharged therefrom after such service, and 
 of such State regiments as were called into active service and subject to the orders of 
 United States general officers, between the dates mentioned, shall be eligible to 
 membership in the Grand Army of the Republic. No person shall be eligible who 
 has at any time borne arms against the United States. 
 
 The rules and regulations originally issued contained a preamble and twenty- 
 three articles. They, with the ritual, have been materially changed since then. 
 
 The second national encampment was held in Independence Hall, Philadelphia, 
 Pa., January 15, 1868. In addition to the departments represented at the first 
 encampment there were representatives from Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massa 
 chusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Jersey, Maryland, Delaware, Michigan, 
 Minnesota, Tennessee, and Louisiana. In all there were twenty-one departments. 
 The organization had become national in its scope, and it was clearly foreseen, would 
 before long include all the States and Territories. To insiire uniformity and secure 
 the prosperity of the Order in its rapidh r enlarging field of operations required a care 
 ful revision of rules and regulations ; the removal of invidious distinctions or whatever 
 might tend to become disturbing elements. To a certain extent this was accomplished, 
 but, as has been very properly stated, the greatest benefit that accrued was the oppor 
 tunity offered to compare various views and the bringing together for discussion of 
 the different opinions entertained by members from all portions of the NortL as to 
 what the organization should be. 
 
 The national encampment, which assembled at Philadelphia, was virtually a new 
 departure for the Order. It gave to it stability by unity of action by the departments 
 already organized, established headqiiarters at the national capital, and thus enabled 
 a correspondence to be quickly opened with leading members of the organization and 
 with the various departments throughout the United States. At this encampment 
 
8 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 was adopted the resolution that in the meetings of the posts and in official reports the 
 military rank of members should be omitted, and each should be addressed as com 
 radethe only exception to this rule being in the case of officers of the posts or 
 departments, who should be addressed by their official Grand Army titles. 
 
 General John A. Logan, of Illinois, was elected Commander-in-Chief ; General 
 Joshua T. Owen, of Pennsylvania, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief ; and General 
 Joseph R. Hawley, of Connecticut, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief ; General N. P. 
 Chipman, of Washington, D. C., was appointed Adjutant-General ; and Col. Timothy 
 Lubey, Quartermaster-General. 
 
 The energy of the new Commander-in-Chief and the executive ability of the 
 adjutant-general, who, during the war, had extensive experience as a staff officer, 
 after much labor, brought the business of the Order into a well-defined and excellent 
 working system. Full reports were required from the different departments as to all 
 matters pertaining to the Order, and in cases of disagreement the points in question 
 were to be referred to the national headquarters for decision. 
 
 But that which tended most to attract public attention to the organization was 
 the issuance of the order of General Logan early in his administration, in 1868, direct 
 ing the observance of May 3oth as Memorial Day, issued in General Order No. u, as 
 follows : 
 
 HEADQUARTERS GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC, \ 
 WASHINGTON, D. C., May 5, 1868. j 
 
 General Order No. //. 
 
 I. The 30th day of May, 1868, is designated for the purpose of strewing with 
 flowers or otherwise decorating the graves of comrades who died in the defense of their 
 country during the late Rebellion, and whose bodies now lie in almost every city, 
 village and hamlet churchyard in the land. In this observance no form of ceremony 
 is prescribed, but posts and comrades will in their own way arrange such fitting ser 
 vices and testimonials of respect as circumstances may permit. 
 
 We are organized, comrades, as our regulations tell us, for the purpose, among 
 other things, "of preserving and strengthening those kind and fraternal feelings 
 which have bound together the soldiers, sailors, and marines who united to suppress 
 the late Rebellion." What can aid more to assure this result than by cherishing 
 tenderly the memory of our heroic dead, who made their breasts a barricade between 
 our country and its foes ? Their soldier lives were the reveille of freedom to a race in 
 chains, and their deaths the tattoo of rebellious tyranny in arms. We should guard 
 their graves with sacred vigilance. All that the consecrated wealth and taste of the 
 nation can add to their adornment and security is but a fitting tribute to the memory 
 of her slain defenders. Let no wanton foot tread rudely on such hallowed grounds. 
 Let pleasant paths invite the coining and going of reverent visitors and fond mourn 
 ers. Let no vandal ism of avarice or neglect, no ravages of times testify to the present 
 or to the coming generations that we have forgotten as a people the cost of a free and 
 undivided republic. 
 
 If other eyes grow dull and other hands slack, and other hearts cold in the solemn 
 trust, ours shall keep it well as long as the light and warmth of life remain to vis. 
 
 Let us, then, at the time appointed, gather around their sacred remains and gar 
 land the passionless mounds above them with the choicest flowers of springtime ; let 
 us raise above them the dear old flag they saved from dishonor ; let us in this solemn 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 9 
 
 presence renew our pledges to aid and assist those whom they have left among us, a 
 sacred charge upon a nation s gratitude the soldier s and sailor s widow and orphan. 
 
 II. It is the purpose of the Commander-in-Chief to inaugurate this observance 
 with the hope that it will be kept up from year to year, while a survivor of the war 
 remains to honor the memory of his departed comrades. He earnestly desires the 
 public press to call attention to this order, and lend its friendly aid in bringing it to 
 the notice of comrades in all parts of the country in time for simultaneous compliance 
 therewith. 
 
 III. Department Commanders will use every effort to make this order effective. 
 
 By command of JOHN A. LOGAN, 
 
 Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 N. P. CHIPMAN, 
 Adj utant- General . 
 
 At the national encampment, held Ma)- n, 1870, at Washington, D. C., the 
 following article was adopted as a part of the rules and regulations : 
 
 MEMORIAL DAY. 
 
 "The national encampment hereby establishes a Memorial Day, to be observed 
 by the members of the Grand Army of the Republic, on the 3oth day of May annually, 
 in commemoration of the deeds of our fallen comrades. When such day occurs on 
 Sunday, the preceding day shall be observed, except where, by legal enactment, the 
 succeeding day is made a legal holiday, when such day shall be observed." 
 
 Memorial Day has been observed as such every year since throughout the country 
 wherever a post of the Grand Army of the Republic has been established. In most 
 of the States the day has been designated as a holiday. 
 
 The third national encampment assembled in Cincinnati May 12, 1869, at which 
 General Logan was re-elected Commander-in-Chief. General Lucius Fairchild, of 
 Wisconsin, was elected Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief ; and General Joseph R. 
 Hawley re-elected Junior Yice-Comniander-in-Chief. 
 
 The encampment met under a cloud. The order had received a strong set-back 
 from the belief which had grown up that in a measure it was a secret political society, 
 and this had materially interfered with recruiting. To dispel this impression it was 
 necessary that it should become generally known that the discussion of politics was 
 forbidden in the posts, and that no comrade was permitted to use the order for politi 
 cal advancement. It took time to counteract such opinions, and until this was done 
 the Order labored under much disadvantage. 
 
 As a means of making the Order more attractive the members were divided into 
 three grades or ranks : recruit, soldier, and veteran. Those of the first grade were 
 not eligible to office nor privileged to speak or vote in the post meetings. They 
 could only be advanced to the second grade after two months, from the time of muster 
 as recruit, and it- required six months in the second before promotion to the third 
 grade, and the members of the latter could alone hold the position of Commander 
 and the other offices. Instead of being a benefit this proved a great detriment ; hun 
 dreds of posts disbanded and thousands of members withdrew rather than submit to 
 this reorganization. After a two-years trial of the new system it was abandoned and 
 the Order returned to the old plan of simple muster. 
 
10 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 A special meeting of the national encampment was held in New York city, 
 October 27, 1869, the principal business being the adoption of a membership badge, 
 and the appointment of a committee to revise the rules, regulations, and ritual. 
 
 The fourth annual encampment assembled May u, 1870, in Washington city. 
 General Logan was re-elected Commander-in-Chief ; General Hawley was elected 
 Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, and General Louis Wagner, of Pennsylvania, was 
 elected Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 General Logan recommended that the encampment enjoin the observance of 
 Memorial Day by amendment to the regulations. He said this was the first and only 
 organization to institute an annual commemoration to the departed heroes of the war. 
 
 The adjutant-general referred to the mass of work entailed upon headquarters by 
 the changes of the past year. He recommended that reports of the relief work of 
 posts should be made to department headquarters, which would show the large 
 amounts spent in humane work by the Grand Army. 
 
 The rules were amended to cover the form of membership badge adopted at the 
 special meeting in New York, in October, 1869. 
 
 The fifth encampment was held at Boston, May 10, 1871, at which the system 
 of grades, adopted in 1869, was abolished. General Ambrose E. Burnside, of Rhode 
 Island, was elected Commander-in-Chief ; General Wagner, Senior Vice-Commander- 
 in-Chief, and Colonel James Coey, of California, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 The sixth encampment was held at Cleveland, Ohio, May 8, 1872, where General 
 Burnside was re-elected Commander-in-Chief, and General Wagner Senior Vice- 
 Commander-in-Chief, General J. Warren Keifer, of Ohio, Junior Vice-Commander-in- 
 Chief. At this encampment a resolution was adopted requesting that services 
 appropriate to the occasion should be held in the churches and all other places of 
 worship throughout the country, on the Sabbath preceding each Memorial Day. 
 
 The seventh encampment was held in New Haven, Connecticut, May 14, 1873. 
 General Charles Devens, of Massachusetts, was elected Commander-in-Chief, Dr. 
 John R. Goble, of New Jersey, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, and Colonel Edward 
 Ferguson, of Wisconsin, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 A badge for officers of the G. A. R., to be worn when on duty as such, or on 
 occasions of ceremony, was adopted by this encampment. 
 
 At Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, the place of the eighth encampment, General Charles 
 Devens was re-elected Commander-in-Chief; General Edward Jardine, of New York, 
 Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, and Guy T. Gould, of Illinois, Junior Vice-Com 
 mander-in-Chief. 
 
 Chicago, May 12, 1875, was the place of the ninth encampment. General John 
 F. Hartranft, of Pennsylvania, was elected Commander-in-Chief ; General Joseph S. 
 Reynolds, of Illinois, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, and Charles T. Buckbee, of 
 Connecticut, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 The National Guard of Illinois paraded in honor of the visiting veterans, under 
 command of General H. Hilliard, adjutant-general of the State and department 
 commander, G. A. R. 
 
 The tenth encampment, which, up to that time, was the largest session, assem 
 bled at Philadelphia, June 30, 1876, and lasted until the evening of July 5th. The 
 officers of the previous year were all re-elected. 
 
 The members of the encampment were entertained by the Philadelphia posts 
 by a carriage drive through Fairmount Park and a breakfast at Belmont mansion. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 11 
 
 The eleventh encampment was at Providence, Rhode Island, June 26, 1877. 
 General John C. Robinson, of New York, was elected Commander-in-Chief ; General 
 Elisha N. Rhodes, of Rhode Island, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, and William 
 Earnshaw, of Ohio, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 The meeting held in connection with the Society of the Army of the Potomac 
 was more largely attended, and received more of the popular attention than any that 
 had preceded it. 
 
 The city of Providence extended its warmest hospitalities, through its municipal 
 officers, headed by Mayor Doyle, to the visitors, first, by an excursion in the steamer 
 Rhode Island to Rocky Point, with a clam -bake in Rhode Island style, and afterwards 
 at a banquet in the Music Hall. 
 
 The twelfth encampment was held at Springfield, Massachusetts, commencing 
 June 4, 1878. General Robinson was re-elected Commander-in-Chief; Paul Van Der 
 Voort, of Nebraska, was elected Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, and Herbert E. 
 Hill, of Massachusetts, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 The thirteenth encampment convened at Albany, New York, June 17, 1879. 
 William Earnshaw was elected Commander-in-Chief; John Palmer, of New York, 
 Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, and Harrison Dingman, of Washington city, Junior 
 Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 The National Guard, and a large number of visiting posts, as well as the local 
 posts of Albany, paraded on this occasion, and were reviewed by Governor Lucius C. 
 Robinson. 
 
 A grand banquet in the Martin Opera House closed the proceedings of a 
 thoroughly enjoyable reunion. 
 
 This was the last occasion, until the meeting this year in San Francisco, that 
 the Grand Army and the Society of the Army of the Potomac met at the same time 
 and place. 
 
 The fourteenth encampment was held at the Soldiers Home, Dayton, Ohio, 
 June 8, 1880. General Louis Wagner was elected Commander-in-Chief; General 
 Edgar D. Swain, of Illinois, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, and Colonel George 
 Bowers, of New Hampshire, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 The fifteenth encampment, June 15, 1881, was held at Indianapolis, Indiana, the 
 place where the first was held. Major George S. Merrill, of Massachusetts, was 
 elected Commander-in-Chief ; General Charles L. Young, of Ohio, Senior Vice-Com 
 mander-in-Chief, and Major C. V. R. Pond, of Michigan, Junior Vice-Commander-in- 
 Chief. 
 
 The sixteenth encampment was held at Baltimore, June 16, 1882. It was made 
 a national affair, by the procession being reviewed by President Arthur and General 
 Sherman, the Commander-in-Chief of the Army, who came from Washington for 
 that purpose. Paul Van DerVoort was elected Commander-in-Chief ; General W. E. 
 W. Ross, of Maryland, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, and General I. S. Bangs, 
 of Maine, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. It was at this encampment that the 
 movement of the Woman s Relief Corps was inaugurated. 
 
 The seventeenth encampment was held at Denver, commencing July 23, 1883. 
 The Legislature of Colorado appropriated $21,000 for the purpose. This was the 
 first appropriation to the order made by any State. The residents of the city made 
 liberal contributions for the reception of the veterans. A camp to accommodate 
 
12 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 1:5,000 men was established in the suburbs of Denver, in addition to quarters pro 
 vided by private hospitality for a large number of the visitors. Governor J. B. 
 Grant, who had been an officer in the Confederate service, welcomed the representa 
 tives of the G. A. R. on behalf of the State, extolling the beneficial effects of the 
 Order. General Logan acted as Grand Marshal of the parade, which was the largest 
 vet witnessed. During this encampment the Woman s Relief Corps, auxiliary to 
 the G. A. R. the first movement towards which had been made at the previous 
 encampment completed its organization. Colonel Robert B. Beath, of Pennsylvania, 
 was elected Commander-in-Chief ; Major Wm. Warner, of Missouri, Senior Yice- 
 Commander-in-Chief, and Major Walter H. Holmes, of California, Junior Vice-Com- 
 mander-in-Chief. 
 
 The members of the encampment enjoyed one of the richest treats ever tendered 
 at any encampment, in a series of free excursions to the noted places in Colorado. 
 
 The next encampment, the eighteenth, assembled at Minneapolis, July 23, 1884. 
 Minnesota also made an appropriation for the entertainment of the delegates to the 
 Grand Army encampment, and this was increased by a liberal subscription from the 
 citizens of the town. Commander-in-Chief Beath was honored in being able to 
 report the largest gain in posts and membership yet made in the history of the 
 Order, a net gain of 1,748 in the number of posts, and 87,412 members, making the 
 total number of posts, June 30, 1884, 4,325, with 253,895 members in good standing. 
 
 The amounts expended during the year for relief reached the large aggregate of 
 $153,364.30. 
 
 John S. Kountz, of Ohio, known as "the Drummer Boy of Mission Ridge," was 
 elected Commander-in-Chief ; Captain J. P. Rea, of Minneapolis, Senior Vice-Com- 
 mander-in-Chief, and Colonel Ira E. Hicks, of Connecticut, Junior Vice-Commander- 
 in-Chief. 
 
 The nineteenth encampment assembled at Portland, Maine, June 24, 1885. The 
 State appropriated $10,000 towards the expenses of the encampment ; the city gov 
 ernment of Portland appropriated $5,000, and the citizens of the place contributed an 
 equal amount. The number of veterans present-was over thirty thousand. There 
 were 38 bands of music, 40 drum corps, and the battle-flags carried in the procession, 
 torn by bullets and shattered by shell, created the wildest enthusiasm. But that 
 which brought tears to the eyes of the veterans were the songs of the little school 
 children who, some 1,200 in number, under their teachers, thronged the side- walks 
 as they marched by. It recalled the historically celebrated fact in painting and song 
 of the children who, at Trenton, New Jersey, strewed flowers before Washington on 
 his route to be inaugurated at New York as the first President of the United States. 
 That was a commemoration of the establishment of the Union of the States, the later 
 scene was typical of the rejoicing at the preservation of the Union. 
 
 At this encampment the following departments were represented : Arkansas, 
 California, Colorado, Connecticut, Dakota, Delaware, Florida, Gulf States, Illinois, 
 Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maine, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan, Min 
 nesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, 
 New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Potomac, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Georgia, 
 Texas, Utah Ty., Vermont, Virginia, Washington Ty., West Virginia, and Wis 
 consin. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 13 
 
 Commander-in-Chief John S. Kountz s address, delivered at this encampment, 
 contained the following items, among others : 
 
 MEMBERSHIP. 
 
 March 31, 1884, 36 departments reported 4,323 posts and 233,595 members. 
 March 31, 1885, 38 departments reported 5,026 posts and 269,684 members. This 
 statement includes the last quarter of the administration of comrade Beath. 
 
 The report of the adjutant-general shows our membership to be 285,637. Dur 
 ing my term, embracing a period of but n months, there have been added to the rolls 
 by muster, 66,729 members; by reinstatement and transfers, 20,355; total increase, 
 87,084. 
 
 FINANCES. 
 
 Attention is called to the report of the quartermaster-general wherein it will be 
 seen that rigid economy has been practiced, and that ovir finances are in excellent 
 condition, there being a cash balance on hand amounting to $15,163.60. He recom 
 mended the careful attention of the encampment to the disposition of this large fund, 
 and suggested no further accumulation be allowed. 
 
 OFFICIAL VISITS. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief, during his term, visited thirty departments, being 
 every department except Florida, Arkansas, and New Mexico, traveling over thirty 
 thousand miles. 
 
 His report continued as follows : 
 
 Everywhere, in the East and in the West, in the North and in the South, I have 
 received the most cordial greetings, and cannot refrain from taking this opportunity- 
 to express to the comrades my sincere appreciation of the fraternal courtesies, warm 
 soldierly welcomes, and generous receptions extended, for all which they shall ever 
 be held in grateful remembrance. 
 
 Because of the liberality of the railroad companies and the generous hospitality 
 of the comrades, my expenses for these journeys have been, to the Grand Army of the 
 Republic, only about one-fourth the amount appropriated for this purpose. 
 
 His report concluded as follows : 
 
 When chosen to this exalted station, I promised to my utmost to promote the 
 interests of this great comradeship. In returning to the ranks I am conscious of no 
 faith broken or pledge unkept. This evening of another year s march toward the 
 close of life s enlistment finds us once again in friendly meeting and fraternal counsel. 
 As we scan the rolls and glance along the ranks we see an army of new faces and 
 names which more than fills the vacant places. But, as we view the line of the 
 year s marches and battles, we find that many have straggled by the way, and we 
 mark the transfer of many more to that sacred silent army on the other side. It is 
 generous to believe that the great mass of those who stand on the suspended list are 
 there from necessity. Many of them are in the decline of life ; the changing seasons 
 and the rolling years are adding to the stings of wounds or broken health ; opportu 
 nities lost while in the arm} , or not offered when the war was over, have left many 
 with broken energies or scant} store. The wife and children of many need every 
 penny earned by the soldier husband and father, and then are often not half clothed 
 or fed. There are other causes of which the world little knows, which keep many 
 comrades away and cause many to drop from the ranks. Be it ours to search them 
 out and help them to a better lot and life. 
 
14 
 
 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Immediately after the reading of the address of the Commander-in-Chief was 
 finished comrade R. B. Brown, of Ohio, offered the following resolution and asked 
 unanimous consent to its adoption : 
 
 Resolved, By the nineteenth national encampment of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic, assembled in the city of Portland, Maine, representing 300,000 ex-soldiers 
 and sailors in the United States, that in this first hour of our assembly we tender to 
 the distinguished comrade, soldier, and statesman, General Ulysses S. Grant, our pro 
 found sympathy in his continued illness, and extend a soldier s greeting to our 
 beloved Commander and comrade, who has for months endured unspeakable agony 
 with that characteristic fortitude that has challenged the admiration of the world. 
 
 The resolution was adopted amid applause and cheers. On motion the Com 
 mander-in-Chief was instructed to telegraph the resolution at once. 
 
 The adjutant-general in report stated, regarding the amounts annually dis 
 bursed for charitable purposes, that many posts and in some cases entire departments 
 fail to make any reports of the amounts expended or comrades relieved, and submitted 
 the following, which shows the amount reported as expended by each department, 
 and the number of comrades and others assisted during the past year : 
 
 DEPARTMENTS. 
 
 Amount. 
 Ex 
 pended. 
 
 No. 
 Comr es 
 ReliVd 
 
 Others. 
 
 Total 
 No. 
 Assisted 
 
 Arkansas . 
 
 $ 780 oo 
 
 -\6 
 
 
 j.8 
 
 California 
 
 I IIS ^S 
 
 
 
 
 Colorado . 
 
 2, 16^ 4.8 
 
 
 
 
 Connecticut 
 
 I QO4. 12 
 
 168 
 
 66 
 
 
 Dakota 
 
 20 ^ QO 
 
 J.Q 
 
 
 
 Delaware . 
 
 2O6 90 
 
 
 
 
 Plorida 
 
 2T. ^ 
 
 
 .... 
 
 
 Gulf . 
 
 607 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 Illinois 
 
 4,924 ig 
 
 4l8 
 
 161 
 
 WI 
 
 Indiana 
 
 3 ^02 ^7 
 
 
 
 21 
 
 Iowa 
 
 3,652 1 6 
 
 "\of\ 
 
 if. A 
 
 
 Kansas 
 
 6 OQ7 37 
 
 476 
 
 216 
 
 
 Kentucky .... 
 
 28 7S 
 
 
 g 
 
 
 Maine 
 
 A 2A.1 08 
 
 
 
 ,8/1 
 
 Massachusetts 
 
 37 366 26 
 
 
 677 
 
 
 Maryland 
 
 I.OS-i SI 
 
 66 
 
 
 
 Michigan 
 
 3 QZA 8l 
 
 
 
 rf. Q 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 i A7o 8=; 
 
 434 
 /i8 
 
 
 81 
 
 Missouri 
 
 
 
 
 1 68 
 
 Montana 
 
 
 9 1 
 
 77 
 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 
 
 T a 
 
 108 
 
 New Hampshire 
 
 
 
 f.r 
 
 lift 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 
 
 
 
 New Mexico 
 
 
 657 
 
 
 
 New York 
 
 
 
 f, 
 
 
 Ohio 
 
 
 
 
 
 Oregon 
 
 22.1 78 
 
 
 
 ifi 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 
 
 Q CT 
 
 
 Potomac 
 
 
 fie 
 
 "O 1 
 
 3;3 : 5 
 
 Rhode Island 
 
 
 
 9 
 f. 
 
 94 
 
 Tennessee and Georgia 
 
 67 80 
 
 f. 
 
 
 4 1 
 
 Texas 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 9 
 
 Utah 
 
 
 
 
 
 Vermont 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 Virginia 
 
 
 33 
 
 f.c 
 
 
 33 
 
 Washington Territory 
 
 
 
 45 
 
 
 West Virginia 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 oA 
 
 Wisconsin 
 
 3 176 8 i 
 
 : 3 
 108 
 
 J 3 
 
 RT 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 279 
 
 Totals . 
 
 &I70.0Q2 77 
 
 T T oon 
 
 A Arf\ 
 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 15 
 
 At this encampment Samuel S. Bnrdett, of Washington city, ex-commissioner of 
 the general land office, and an ex-congressman from Missouri, was elected Commander- 
 in-Chief; Selden Connor, ex-governor of Maine, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, 
 and John R. Lewis, of Georgia, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 The twentieth encampment was held in San Francisco. It commenced August 
 2, 1886, and the proceedings are, on account of their exceedingly interesting nature, 
 given in this book in full. The manner in which the city was decorated, which was 
 far more elaborately than has been on any occasion heretofore in any other city of the 
 United States, the profuse hospitalities, the numerous excursions to the surrounding 
 country, gotten up for the benefit of the visitors, are so well remembered by those 
 attending the encampment as to be in a measure unnecessary to recall, though the 
 mention of them may be pleasant to absent friends. 
 
 The visiting comrades, as they took their departure for home, expressed them 
 selves in the warmest terms as to the manner in which the}- had been treated. They 
 were answered by those who bade them "good-by " that they were only treated as 
 they deserved to be as the survivors of the great armies which had fought so hard, 
 had gone through such great hardships and sufferings to preserve the nation, 
 there was nothing within the reach of hospitality that was too good for them. They 
 represented the flag, the unity of the country, and there was a warmth of feeling 
 that could only be expressed by the term, " God bless you all." These patriotic and 
 personal feelings were strongly evinced on the occasion of the grand procession at 
 the commencement of the encampment, which was cheered in the most enthusiastic 
 manner, from the beginning of the march to its termination. San Francisco had 
 never before witnessed such a pageant, nor was there ever any other association or 
 organization received with such a greeting. These veterans in the fact that not 
 only all the corps, divisions, and brigades were represented, but that there was 
 scarce a regiment mustered into the service of the United States during the Rebellion 
 that had not in the ranks of the procession one of its members represented the 
 whole history of the war, its prison and hospital sufferings, its battles, and its glories. 
 
TWENTIETH ANNUAL SESSION 
 
 OF THE; 
 
 National Encampment 
 
 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC, 
 
 Held at San Francisco, CaL, August, 1886. 
 
 RECEPTION OF COMRADES. DECORATION OF CITY. 
 ENTERTAINMENTS AND EXCURSIONS. 
 
 Several months previous to the date of the encampment preparations were com 
 menced to arrange for the reception of the delegates and visiting comrades. The 
 department commander of California appointed a general committee of management. 
 Comrade S. W. Backus, the present Vice Conimander-in-Chief, was made chairman, 
 and to his unceasing labor, energy, and executive ability much of the credit of the 
 success of the reception and arrangements is very properly due. The general com 
 mittee consisted of twenty-five members. 
 
 The subordinate committees, the members of which were carefully selected 
 for their particular aptness for the duties assigned them, were the executive, 
 finance, auditing, programme, transportation, hotels and accommodations, public 
 halls and places of registration, rosters and meetings, mechanics pavilion, press, 
 decorations, printing, invitations, badges, receptions, entertainments, parade and 
 review, music, horses, carriages and equipments, police and streets, grand banquet, 
 camp fire, fireworks, Arm 3- of Potomac, Loyal Legion, Woman s Relief Corps, 
 Mexican Veteran Association, advisor} committee, excursions. 
 
 This long list of committees is enumerated to show how completely the general 
 managing committee covered every point that could possibly arise. No contingency 
 could occur for which there was not immediate means of adjustment. There was 
 management down to the most minute details; everything which looked to the success 
 of the encampment was anticipated. Good judgment, keen foresight, and admirable 
 taste characterized the whole preparations. The comments of the delegates and 
 visiting comrades, that at no previous encampment had the preparations been so 
 complete, nor the receptions anywhere near approaching the magnificence of that of 
 California, was a handsome but just acknowledgment of the labor done by the com 
 mittees. 
 
 B 17 
 
18 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 The floral decorations were remarkably beautiful, and attracted much attention. 
 At the Golden Gate Park the different corps badges were represented by flowers and 
 evergreens; they were planted in sufficient time to flower out in full perfection at the 
 time of the encampment. The lawn in front of the City Hall was also handsomely 
 ornamented with army badges, as were the green slopes surrounding the houses of 
 many of our prominent citizens. It seemed as though everywhere that there was a 
 slope of vegetation connected with a family residence large enough for the purpose, 
 there was an ornamentation of some sort, typical of the Grand Army. It was a wel 
 come expressed in roses and lilies. The shrubbery, neatly trimmed, never looked 
 so well. It bent gracefully in the breezes as though bowing a greeting. The grass 
 of the lawns, freshened by the dew of the morning and warmed by the mild sunshine, 
 was bright and green, and, when the winds made rippling waves across, there was a 
 low musical tone that sounded like part of the rejoicing. 
 
 The national flags were displayed from the masts in the various parks and other 
 spaces, from poles on the house-tops, and on all the vessels in the harbor. Some of 
 the ships were dressed in what is known among sailors as the rainbow- style, the flags 
 closely together extending in a long line from stem to stern, crossing the mast-heads 
 at each of which was the national flag, the other portions of the line displaying the 
 flags of all nations, intermingled with pennants bearing the Grand Army devices. 
 
 The spacious bay, with its glistening waters, framed in by the hills, with Mount 
 Tamalpais in the distance, towering above the other heights, the handsomely 
 decorated vessels, the islands which here and there divided the waters, their rugged 
 and uneven surfaces making bold outlines in the view, the frowning castle fort of 
 Alcatra/,, on the further shore the white cottages, embowered in trees, of the beau 
 tiful City of Oakland, in front the City of San Francisco, with its fluttering flags in 
 every direction, the fort at the entrance of the harbor standing out like an abutment, 
 with its background of open sea, the glorious sunset view of the golden gate, with 
 the fringe of breakers across it, connecting the shores as though with lace- work, -was 
 a picture to visiting comrades never to be forgotten. 
 
 The decoration of the streets of the city elicited admiration from the artistic 
 manner of arrangement. Not only on the line of march of the grand procession, but 
 through every avenue and principal .street, there was stretched across, at measured 
 distances of short intervals, arches of ropes, from which depended flags of every con 
 ceivable kind; ingenuity, in this respect, was exhausted. Every army corps badge 
 was represented; the Loyal Legion, the Woman s Relief Corps, the Grand Army 
 badge, flags of all nations, and, when nothing more could be done, there was the red, 
 white, and blue pennant interspersed between. At certain distances along the .streets 
 in the center was a broad \vhite banner, on which was the name of a conspicuous 
 battle. No matter up what street you looked, from one to the other, you saw these 
 arches of flags. San Francisco, for the week of the encampment, was literally a city 
 of banners. The manner in which the various newspaper offices and leading business 
 houses were decorated was a subject of common remark. To give the names would 
 be repeating, in a large measure, the business directory of the city. They appeared 
 to vie with each other as to see which could make the best display. Some of the 
 houses were draped from eave to sidewalk in red, white, and blue fabrics, festooned 
 with evergreens and flowers at the windows, with a center picture portraying some 
 incident of the war; at the side, or above, were protraits of eminent military com 
 manders, or a soldier and sailor, as t3 r pical of these branches of the service. Some 
 
GRAND ARMY OF TH K REPUBLIC. 19 
 
 of the pictures, as allegorical representations, were of much merit, and all of them 
 added to the excellence of the panorama. 
 
 The arch on Market Street, as a piece of decorative art, reflected credit on its 
 designer, and superintendent of construction. Its general appearance was that of an 
 old castle front. Two towers, seventy-seven feet high, and sixteen feet square, were 
 erected at the curbstone; they were connected by a large arch spanning the street, the 
 span being 1 18 feet; smaller arches spanned the sidewalks. The towers, battlemented 
 at the tops, formed parallelograms with sides sixteen feet wide. From the top of 
 each tower the national standard floated to the breeze. Around the base of the staff 
 was a cluster of smaller flags draped gracefully together, and fastened on either side 
 by a shield. In the middle of the arch, and dependent from the battlemented wall 
 above, was the representation of the G. A. R. badge. The golden eagle, which rested 
 on the wall, was eighteen feet high, and its wings stretched thirty-five feet in the air. 
 Below the eagle were the crossed cannons, and, just under them, cannon-balls of large 
 size, and then, the flag and star, the latter of large size, just hanging clear of the 
 arch. In the middle of the arch, on the west side, was finely lettered the motto: "In 
 God we trust," and on the east side: " E Pluribus Unum." On the west side, at the 
 bottom of the arch, were small shields bearing the badges of the different army corps. 
 Similarly arranged, on the east side, were the coats of arms of the different States. 
 On each side of the towers there were niches, made for the reception of statues, 
 eighteen feet high. In those on the west side were the statues of General Grant 
 and Admiral Farragut, the former on the right. Grant had a drawn sword in his 
 right hand, pointing downward, the left hand resting upon the scabbard. In the 
 right hand of the Farragut statue were a pair of marine glasses, held close to the 
 breast. In the niches on the east side of the arch were the statues of Washington 
 and Lincoln. Washington had a drawn sword in his right hand, in a position similar 
 to that of Grant. The statue of Lincoln held the Emancipation Proclamation in 
 the right hand. Below the statue of Grant, on pedestals erected a few feet above 
 the street, was a soldier in the position of "present arms," and below Farragut, a 
 sailor with his cutlass, standing " at attention." Below the figures of Washington 
 and Lincoln, similarly placed on pedestals, as those on the other side, were statues of a 
 mechanic and a farmer. Above the statues in the niches were scrolls emblematic of 
 the services rendered the country by the patriot represented below. A pen, crossed 
 sabers, etc. All the war emblems were on the western side, and the peaceful on the 
 eastern side. The idea which the artist who constructed the arch had in view was 
 that as the procession approached the west, it was typical of readiness for war; as 
 they passed under on the east side were seen the emblems of the peace which they 
 had conquered. 
 
 The Mechanics Pavilion, the immense building erected by the Mechanics 
 Institute for the purpose of holding their yearly fairs, and which, on this occasion, 
 was placed at the disposition of the general managing committee for the formal 
 reception of the delegates to the encampment, and visiting coirirades, and for the 
 literary exercises of the day, and the grand camp held towards the close of the week, 
 was most handsomelv decorated. It was virtually canopied and walled in with flags. 
 From the arches of navy blue bunting, across the rafters of the immense hall, there 
 were draped in graceful curves long streamers of national colors. There was a 
 harmony and good taste in the arrangement which produced a most striking effect. 
 The stage and drop curtain were handsomely decorated with national colors. The 
 most conspicuous object upon the drop curtain was the badge of the Grand Army of 
 
20 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the Republic, thirty feet long, painted upon a white background, and hung in the 
 center of the curtain, stretching from the top to the stage. 
 
 The programme for the twentieth national encampment, also of entertainments 
 that were given by the G. A. R. posts of northern California and Nevada, from 
 August 2d to jth, were as follows: 
 
 First day, Monday, August 2d. There was a meeting of the executive com 
 mittee of the national council of administration. A review of the second brigade of 
 the National Guard of California, General W. H. Dimond commanding, at the 
 Mechanics Pavilion, at 8 o clock, p. M., tendered to the Commander-in-Chief of the 
 Grand Army of the Republic, which was followed by a reception and grand ball to 
 the officers and delegates of the national encampment, G. A. R., and of the national 
 convention of the Woman s Relief Corps. Business meeting of the army corps 
 societies of the Army of the Potomac, in the morning; in the afternoon, a business 
 meeting of the society of the Army of the Potomac, and in the evening there was the 
 formal reception by the Governor of the State of California, and Mayor of San 
 Francisco. 
 
 The second day was that of the grand parade. In the evening there was a parade 
 and escort to the Commander-in-Chief and staff, the national officers, and members of 
 the encampment, and general reception at the Mechanics Pavilion. At an early hour 
 in the afternoon people began to gather around the pavilion, and, at 8 o clock, thou 
 sands of them stood on the sidewalk, being unable to obtain seats. The galleries 
 were packed with people long before the appointed hour for the reception. The main 
 floor was reserved for visiting comrades, and the platform for distinguished guests. 
 
 When Commander-in-Chief Burdett, accompanied by General Sherman and 
 General Logan, made their appearance upon the platform, cheer after cheer went up 
 from the audience. 
 
 The enthusiasm was spontaneous. Ladies in the galleries waved their handker 
 chiefs, and men yelled themselves hoarse. This enthusiastic reception was repeated 
 when General Logan, in company with Governor Stoneman, passed upon the platform. 
 
 Governor Alger, of Michigan, and ex-Governor Fairchild, of Wisconsin, also 
 received a cordial and warm welcome. After the cheering had stopped to some 
 extent, General W. H. L. Barnes, of California, chairman of the reception com 
 mittee, advanced to the front of the platform and spoke as follows: 
 
 GENERAL W. H. L. BARNES. 
 
 I need hardly say, comrades of the Grand Army, and ladies and gentlemen, 
 that it is not the slightest consequence what I may have to say, but I wish to remind 
 you that it is an almost human impossibility for any voice, not as powerful as a key 
 bugle and a trombone combined, to reach this audience. I, therefore, have to request 
 for the distinguished gentlemen who will address you, and whom you will endeavor 
 to hear, that silence on your part is absolutely indispensable to permit any speaker to 
 be heard. Now, comrades of the Grand Army, it is my most delightful duty, as 
 chairman of your reception committee, to welcome you one and all to the city of San 
 Francisco and the State of California. [Applause.] For the twentieth time you 
 have commenced your grand march over the continent of the United States. What a 
 country have you beheld? From the Atlantic to the Pacific you have progressed 
 day b} T day. Six times has the sun shone upon you. Six times has he descended, 
 and still the wheels of your iron chariots that brought you to us have kept on their 
 steady and monotonous whirl, until you came to the shores of the Pacific, from the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 21 
 
 great New England States, through the Middle States, across the magnificent Western 
 States, and over the broad deserts that lie between the Pacific and the Platte, deserts 
 that are destined yet to ring with the sound of labor and the happy voice of millions 
 of your posterity. Not a sign of government did you see the whole way across the 
 continent. No soldier guarded the portals of any State. No police, enforced by Gov 
 ernment power, dictated to you. Over all was hung the grand canopy of God s own 
 .shining light, and everywhere you saw the banners of a great and free country. Com 
 rades of the Grand Army, it is your country. How proud you must have felt when 
 you reflected that nearly a quarter of a century had passed since you laid down your 
 arms and passed to your happy homes, to pastoral pursuits, to the desk of the law 
 yer, the anvil of the mechanic, and to all the useful pursuits of life. One might have 
 supposed that in the busy rush and whirl of life a quarter of a century would have 
 wiped out the memory of that heroic struggle whose individual members, the mem 
 bers of that grand army, you and we are, and whose magnificent and heroic leader is 
 still spared to vis [applause] still spared to us by God [applause] to live among us 
 and to have the glory that many men have struggled for and failed to have not 
 merely fame and glory in his own times, but, as you look upon that venerable face 
 and form, bear in mind, fellow-citizens and comrades of the Grand Army, that when 
 Time himself shall grow old with years, in the last days of mankind, when the sun s 
 last rays shall rest upon the American continent, the effigies, the memory, the heroic 
 deeds of Sherman will live and live on ! [Long and continued applause.] You and 
 I, comrades of the Grand Army, will be a good deal like a soldier from Wisconsin 
 whom I met to-day at the reception-room. I said to him: "Comrade, where were 
 you during the war? " He said : "It don t make any difference ; I didn t amount to 
 much ; I only fit." [Laughter and applause.] Well, we only fit. [Applause.] The 
 living, some of them are here ; but, on unknown fields, without a stone to mark the 
 resting-place, rest hundreds of thousands of our comrades, who are yet here to-night 
 with us in spirit, the rustle of whose wings you may almost hear. Why, fellow-citi 
 zens, what is the meeting of the Grand Army for? I have had that question asked 
 of me a hundred times, perhaps, in the last sixty daj^s. I point to the banners that 
 flout the sky ; I point to the vast masses of people that stood and wept to-day with 
 streaming eyes and clasped hands as they saw the remnants of the battle-flags of your 
 armies and of mine carried through the streets. [Great applause.] The Grand Army 
 fought and conquered a race as heroic as themselves. [Applause.] It lives to-day 
 the great inspirer of patriotism to the American people. [Applause.] I ask now, if 
 there is a heart that beats in this assembly that has not within the last three days 
 loved his and her country better, has found in himself and herself a sentiment of 
 patriotism and of thankfulness to God for such a country and such a life, and such 
 hopes for our posterity as these common soldiers, "who only fit, "have inspired in us. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 And so, Grand Army, we bid you welcome to the Pacific shore. We never saw 
 you in battle-array. We never saw you fighting under the smoke of cannon, riddled 
 and driven backward and forward bleeding and dying, all for us. [Applause.] You 
 come to us in the guise the glorious guise of peace ; we welcome you ; we know 
 what you have done. We love you for it, and we pledge that as long as the Union 
 shall live California will love and will reverence, as long as the sentiment of love 
 and reverence can live in any human heart, your valor, your deeds, your grand 
 achievements, and the influence that you are exerting to-day in this great Govern 
 ment of ours for peace, for liberty, for equality, for the rights of men, for the eternal 
 
22 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 preservation, undissolved and indissoluble, of the American Union. [Long and con 
 tinuous applause.] 
 
 The band then played "Hail, Columbia," and many of the audience joined in 
 singing the chorus. 
 
 GOVERNOR STONEMAN. 
 
 Comrade George Stoneman, Governor of California, was presented, with a few 
 appropriate remarks by the chairman, and spoke as follows : 
 
 Mr. President and Comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic: It becomes 
 my pleasant duty as the chief executive of this western commonwealth to extend 
 you in the name of the people of California a fervent, sincere, and heartfelt welcome to 
 our State. 
 
 From whatever sections of our broad land you may have come, whatever be the 
 high or humble station of your present lives, you stand pedestaled on the firm 
 foundation of love for our common country in the eyes of a people who feel that in 
 honoring you, so far as their opportunities permit, they do no less honor to the nation 
 and to themselves. 
 
 The smoke of Appomattox has long since faded in the sunshine of the Virginian 
 vale. The ugly echoes of the cannon s thunder have long since died away in the 
 softer harmonies of placid peace. In the grim bastions where all was destruction and 
 din and death, the song-bird builds her nest and rears her young in stillness undis 
 turbed. Where the long lines of blue and of gray, of glittering metal and of deter 
 mined men once made a great panorama of war from the Delaware to the Mississippi, 
 no sign remains of the battles that were fought and the blood that was shed, except, 
 perhaps, the broken wheel or the rusted gun-barrel that the plowshare of hus 
 bandry upturns, twenty years after, to a sky that is cloudless and serene. 
 
 To a generation that has grown up in America the long and bloody tale is but a 
 story, and nothing more, but to many a man in this hall and to many a woman s 
 heart throughout this land it is a reality whose vividness time can never diminish a 
 picture whose lurid lights and gloomy shades will fade when across it falls the velvet 
 pall of death. 
 
 It may safely be said that with every man who took part in that mighty drama, its 
 memories are more deeply impressed and are recalled with more vivid power than 
 those of any other era of his life. Whether he looks back upon the toil and weary 
 years of forced marches, the sickness and hardship of the camp, the agonies of prison 
 and hospital, the deadly dangers that were hidden in the dark shadows of the picket 
 line, on the wild conflict of armed masses, the shriek and scream of shells, and the 
 lightnings and thunders of the battle, all is so distinct that it seems as if it took 
 place but yesterda}- and might to-morrow be renewed. Time and again have you 
 fought your battles over. Time and again have you of old shared the common peril 
 fighting for the common cause, the salvation and perpetuation of the country you 
 love. 
 
 But while each of you has a volufne of memories, all his own, the people have a 
 memory as well. You remember what you did. The people remember how you did 
 it, and the grand result that you accomplished. You fought for no personal gain ; 
 for if there is any thing on earth that can compensate for the loss of life or of loved 
 ones, it has yet to be discovered. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 23 
 
 To the soldier valor is its own reward no less than virtue. Duty alone guided your 
 steps, and grim courage held you to a path which led you knew not whither. Many of 
 you wore, and now wear, the shoulder-straps that testified to your country s trust and 
 confidence. Many of you wear that higher and holier badge, an empty sleeve. But 
 all of you, from the humblest private who offered his all upon his country s altar, to 
 the general or admiral who offered just as much but not any more than he, are now 
 reaping a reward ot which you did not think ; are receiving a tribute that is a credit 
 as much to the people you fought for as to yourselves a nation s reverence and a 
 nation s honor for the loyalty, the bravery, and the nobility that in the past you have 
 displayed, and in the present you typify. 
 
 There can be no more beautiful sight to the patriotic citizen than that of a great 
 mass of people twenty-one years after war has ceased making a joyous and festal 
 occasion of the reunion of those veterans who long ago went forth to war. Much though 
 the occasion may mean to you, to the country it means more. It is a grand exem 
 plar of the great truth that here, in the farthest spot of the Far West on the verge of a 
 great territory that stretches from ocean to ocean across a mighty continent the same 
 flag floats as waves above the surges of the Atlantic ; the same laws govern ; the same 
 spirit of patriotism binds in an [indissoluble bond the people of the West and of the 
 East, of the North and of the South, in unchangeable love for and fidelity to the 
 grand Government of the United States. The same spirit that a century ago 
 prompted our revolutionary sires to rise and set free the land of their adoption beats 
 hard and strongly in the national heart of to-day. And the bitter family quarrel of 
 1861, greatly as it is to be deplored, but served when it was over to make the Union 
 firmer and more lasting than before. 
 
 This is the great lesson that is to be drawn from celebrations like the present. 
 Not only the success, but the very existence, of a nation is to be measured by the 
 patriotism of its people. 
 
 I wish from the bottom of my heart that the master mind that found " books in 
 running brooks and sermons in stones, and good in everything," could have written 
 the book, the sermon and the moral that were to be found in your veteran ranks as 
 they marched along our streets to-day. It would be a sermon, a lesson in loyalty, of 
 the greatest value and the deepest good. It might cause the people in their eager 
 strife for riches and happiness to stop and think. It might remind them that there 
 are higher claims than those of commerce ; that there are greater honors than those 
 that wealth confers ; that among their obligations as business men and citizens they 
 should ever remember the weighty debt whose principal and interest they may at any 
 time be called upon to pay the debt they owe their country for a freedom, a liberty, 
 and a protection in their individual pursuit of happiness such as is enjoyed by the 
 citizens of no other country upon God s earth to-day. [Applause.] 
 
 But aside from the pleasure which we feel as Californians on an occasion in which 
 the host is no less honored than the guest, it is a source of gratification throughout 
 the State that its beauty and its rare valleys will be beheld by so many new and 
 intelligent eyes. That the stories, its wonderful productions and rare advantages do 
 not properly belong among fair}- tales, you will now have a chance to see for your 
 selves. 
 
 Do not imagine that the city of San Francisco constitutes the entire State. The 
 residents of this municipality will doubtless try to convince you that when you have 
 seen this famous city there will be little left to inspect. It is my duty, however, to 
 tell you that the possible fogs and not uncommon winds you may have found here do 
 
24 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 not properly represent the wonderful climate of which you perhaps have heard in con 
 nection with California. That to the north, the south, and the east of you are 100,000 
 square miles of harvest-lands, where the grain lies heaped in tons ; of vineyards 
 whose purple richness will soon be bursting from a thousand presses. There are 
 sights to be seen that no other State in the Union can equal. 
 
 There are wonders of nature \shandi work in our woods and among our mountains 
 that are the rarest of the kind upon the earth. And most important of all are the 
 leagues upon leagues of soil as yet but .scarcely tried ; there are comfortable abiding 
 places and happy homes for all who ma}- choose to remain among us. 
 
 It is a long time since the war. Every man who took part in it has now begun to 
 gro\v old, and when the hardships that passed unnoticed in younger life begin to tell 
 upon growing age, the advantages of living in a land where the thermometer obsti 
 nately declines to rise above 90 degrees in the hottest summer, and deliberately refuses 
 to go below zero in the coldest winter are too obvious to need comment. The blizzard 
 we are aware of only through the Associated Press dispatches. The thunder-storm to 
 us is a rare and pleasing spectacle, and when a man leaves his home in California he 
 never conies back to find that his house has been attached without warning by Mother 
 Nature and carried off by a deputy sheriff in the shape of a cyclone. 
 
 In whatever direction you may journey in our State and from whatever personal 
 standpoint you ma} investigate and inquire, your inquiries will be amply rewarded. 
 You will find on even- hand undeveloped opportunities awaiting the advent of enter 
 prise and industry. You will everywhere receive a hearty welcome, and you will find 
 that among the productions of California is a bounteous crop of the Christian virtues, 
 with hospitality standing at their head. [Applause.] 
 
 MAYOR BARTLETT. 
 
 Mayor Bartlett next extended a greeting from the municipality of San Francisco 
 in the following terms : 
 
 Commander and Comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic: On behalf of 
 the people and city I extend to you a cordial \velcome to San Francisco. 
 
 I assure you the people of our city appreciate and honor the patriotism w 7 hich 
 induced you, when the integrity of the country was threatened, to leave your peaceful 
 vocations and enroll yourself in the armies of the country to defend its flag. 
 
 Although far from the scenes of conflict, in spirit our people were with you, 
 applauding each act of fortitude and courage and rejoicing in your success. 
 
 Your eminent services in the field entitle you to the grateful recognition and 
 homage of every lover of the American Union and every friend of republican institu 
 tions. 
 
 The conciliatory spirit, magnanimity, and generosity shown to your antagonists 
 at the close of the struggle are no less entitled to our admiration and gratitude. When 
 your great commander at Appomattox bade Lee s soldiers return to their homes and 
 take their horses, and promised that so long as they observed the laws they should 
 not be disturbed by the Government, he dictated the policy of the country toward 
 those against whom its arms had been directed and made a speedy reconciliation and 
 universal love for the restored Union possible in the hearts of those who had lately 
 been in rebellion against it. No class of citizens was ever more willing to sanction 
 and maintain this generous policy than the soldiers of the army, and to them must 
 be attributed the credit of its success. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 25 
 
 Veterans of the Grand Army of the Republic, you are honored for your generosity 
 and moderation no less than for your valor and prowess. And it is pre-eminently to 
 your credit that under no circumstances did you ever forget that you were American 
 citizens, subject to the laws of }-our country. When peace was established you cheer 
 fully returned to your peaceful vocations ; and you have since contributed by your 
 industry and energy to the general wealth and prosperity of your country. 
 
 I congratulate you upon the present prosperous and happy condition of all 
 sections of our country. You have lived to see the bitterness of sectional strife entirely 
 eradicated from the minds of the better classes of our people, and a perfect Union 
 thoroughly established ; in all parts of our country the people citizens of a common 
 country bound together by ties which are to last forever. 
 
 I again welcome you to our city and our homes, and trust that you will be made 
 to feel that although you have crossed a continent you are still among your own 
 people, whose loyal hearts beat in unison with yours in devotion to the Union and 
 the dear old flag. 
 
 After the band played a national air, General Barnes advanced to the speakers 
 stand and said : Comrades, I need not introduce to you the next speaker, but to our 
 fellow-citizens I will say that the response on behalf of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic will be made by one who holds his commission from you, signed by your 
 respect and countersigned by your love. 
 
 COMMAXDER-IN-CHIEF BURDETT. 
 
 Amidst great applause Commander-in-Chief Samuel S. Burdett arose and said : 
 
 Governor Stoneman, Mr. Mayor, Comrades, Ladies and Gentlemen: I have a 
 week of labor with my voice yet before me and you will excuse me therefore if I do 
 not willfully destroy it by undertaking to make this vast congregation hear the few 
 words which I have to offer. I feel that a very great responsibility is laid upon me 
 in that I am asked to respond on the part of my comrades of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic not only for these cordial words of welcome which have been so eloquently 
 littered here to-night, but as well for the great things which have been done for vis so 
 far, which are promised in the future, and which we know will be more than gener 
 ously fulfilled. [Applause.] 
 
 We believe, because our mothers taught us so out of the good book which is yet 
 open in our midst, that he who giveth to drink a cup of cold water in the name of a 
 Christian shall receive a Christian s reward. [Applause.] What shall be the reward 
 of this people who have strewn the path of the Grand Army with flowers, who have 
 offered them in the largest abundance the wine of refreshment and in all sorts of ways 
 have entertained and filled our whole souls and bodies with joy ? [Applause.] 
 
 Now fellow-citizens, ladies and gentlemen of California, you need not think that 
 for all these years you have been so hidden away in this far-off part of this great land 
 as that we have not heard of you. California in that great struggle, the memories of 
 which have brought us here, we know did her full duty. [Applause.] 
 
 There are a good many of us who remember, and I think I may fittingly refer to the 
 fact, that before the war begun, whilst yet its premonitions were only here and there, 
 but yet while its great strength was gathering for the struggle that was to come, that 
 upon this ground was fought out much that in the end resulted in the success and the 
 glory of our armies in this nation. [Applause.] 
 
26 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 I remember that here Broderick [Loud applause] taught the men of California 
 and this whole great coast to respect themselves and their country against the faction 
 which even then began to hate it. [Cheers.] We remember that upon this coast 
 was trained the voice and inspiration of that orator who, next to Demosthenes, per 
 haps stands first, who inspired men to great thoughts and deeds here was heard the 
 voice of Baker. [Applause.] 
 
 Ladies and gentlemen, it is worth remarking that on this coast, and I believe, 
 for a start, California loved him who at length led the armies of the Union to victory. 
 Who shall say that U. S. Grant did not learn to love his countn r better under these 
 smiling skies ? [Cheers.] I need not tell you that among the first to put his 
 foot upon this soil, as representing the armed force of his country, in that early day 
 when these .shores were wrested from Mexico, and who afterwards was a citizen of 
 your city, was William Tecumseh Sherman. [Cheers.] 
 
 You have done something for your country, although you were a great way off. I 
 ought not and will not forget, on behalf of the Grand Army, to mention another most 
 pleasant fact. We all remember that sack of flour, all the way from California, that 
 went all through. our Northern States, and was sold, and sold, and sold again for 
 fabulous prices, in order that the store of the good men and women who were trying 
 to bless the soldiers in the hospitals might be replenished. [Cheers.] 
 
 We remember very well that California, in the work of the Sanitary Commission, 
 stood first and foremost of all the States in this land. 
 
 Ladies and gentlemen, I have not told you half we know about you. We 
 are very glad to be here. It is a new light to many of us. [Applause.] 
 
 Before our eyes get very dim, and before our limbs weaken under us so that we 
 can no longer carry ourselves about, we desire to see this Western shore, and here we 
 are. We are not disappointed in the least, I assure you. We had often read of the 
 glories of your land. For myself, in a far-off country, I remember once scanning a 
 poem written by one of your own distinguished citizens and a perfect gentleman, 
 Lucius Marwood Foote, in which the grandeur of your peaks and hills and plains are 
 set down. 
 
 Midsummer days have tanned the valley s hide, 
 And draped the mountain s corrugated side 
 With dapple robes of green and gold and dun, 
 Where heat waves wimple in the midday sun, 
 White farmsteads nestle under brooding trees, 
 And gleam like white sails on the wrinkled seas. 
 
 Stout-hearted nomads from far-distant lands 
 Have pitched their tents and built their camp-fires here, 
 And though the thirsty fields are brown and sere, 
 
 A bounteous harvest waits on willing hands. 
 In all methinks I see 
 
 The counterpart of Italy without her dower of art. 
 We have the lofty Alps, the fur-fringed hills 
 A green and golden valley veined with rills. 
 
 A dead Vesuvius with its smoldering fire. 
 A tawny Tiber sweeping to the sea ; 
 
 Our seasons have the same superb attire, 
 The same redundant wealth of flower and tree, 
 
 Upon our peaks the same imperial dyes, 
 And day by day serenely over all 
 
 The same successive months of smiling skies. 
 
 This California of the poet s vision we have seen and are very glad. Ladies and 
 gentlemen, and you, Governor Stoneman and Mr. Mayor, returning with all my heart 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 27 
 
 for my comrades our most sincere thanks for all you have done, for all that you 
 promise, and for the more that you will do, I for the present sit down, wishing you all 
 good night. [Applause.] 
 
 GENERAL KING. 
 
 General Horatio C. King was then introduced, and on behalf of the Army of the 
 Potomac spoke as follows : 
 
 The Arm} of the Potomac waged a severe war in the East, but I do not think they 
 ever had more difficult}- than they have had in the past two days that they have been 
 assembled here in resisting the generous hospitality of the people of San Francisco. 
 
 We have traveled, most of us, to be present with you here to-night. It was not 
 expected, indeed, that we should ever be called to meet so far from the base of our 
 supplies, but I am perfectly sure that no member of the Army of the Potomac who 
 has been present here has had any suffering for a want of supplies. We crossed the 
 most terrific desert, in our imagination, that I have ever heard spoken of, and I am 
 assured that not a single member of the Army of the Potomac suffered from thirst for 
 a single moment, and we have not been dry since we have been in California. 
 [Laughter.] 
 
 In looking around upon this sea of faces, all strange to me, I am reminded some 
 what of an anecdote which I heard a little while ago of a couple of Germans who 
 desired to have the portrait of their dead father painted. They went to an artist and 
 asked him to paint the portrait of their father. " Certainly," said he, "have you a 
 picture of him ?" "Oh, no." " Is he living ? " "Oh. no; he is dead, but we must 
 have a picture of him. " Well, the ingenious artist sat down and got up a very good 
 picture of an imaginary individual. When it was all done they sent for the daughter, 
 Katrina, to look at the picture. When she looked at it she said : "Oh, yes, dot is 
 mine fader, but he vos so changed." You are my brethren, but, oh ! how you are 
 changed. Yet there is one bond of friendship which binds us all together ; it is that 
 bond of the old war. Wherever we go, to any part of this broad land, wherever the 
 old soldier stands before the public, he finds his friends. We know that wherever we 
 meet, wherever we go, we shall find that bond of sympathy, whether it be in young 
 or in old. All will thank the Army of the Potomac and the armies of the West that 
 under the blessing of Providence we helped to save this nation. So, comrades in this 
 mighty fellowship, with more to bind us than a word or grip, we gather here again, 
 thus solemnly to bind ourselves anew to liberty. 
 
 To holy memories of deeds we have done ; 
 
 To form resolves of duties yet begun ; 
 
 To brotherhood with comrades in distress ; 
 
 To help the widow and the fatherless ; 
 
 To readiness, if ere our country calls, 
 
 To take our well-worn sabers from the walls, 
 
 And strike again, as we have struck before, 
 
 For that dear flag our patriot fathers bore. 
 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 GENERAL DIMOND. 
 
 Brigadier-General W. H. Dimond was the next speaker, and as the representative 
 of the military order of the Loyal Legion of the United States said : 
 
 Commander and Comrades : For the past twenty years orators and poets have 
 been recounting in eloquent sentences and rhythmatic lines the labors, sufferings and 
 
28 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 victories of the Grand Army of the Republic in its struggles for the Union. Around 
 the camp fire, rekindled, not for war, but " auld acquaintance sake, " battle-scarred 
 veterans now meet in brotherly reunion and tell again the stories of the war that 
 saved the Union and the flag. 
 
 In newspapers, magazines, and personal memoirs the men who led these veterans 
 to victory are writing the history of this great civil war. 
 
 But far more eloquent than any oration, more musical than any martial poem, 
 more pleasing than the reassembling in time of peace of these old companions in arms, 
 more important than these pages of history, is the effect that this annual gathering of 
 the soldiers of the republic has upon the republic itself. Their presence in such num 
 bers revives a nation s gratitude, and kindles anew and into more vigorous life the 
 people s appreciation of the magnitude and value of their victories. After the smoke 
 of battle has cleared away, when the booming of the guns and the tramp of marching 
 armies are no longer heard ; when war s dread alarms have ceased and the sword has 
 been converted into the plowshare ; when peace, generous and kind, makes glad the 
 land, a people are apt to forget the anxiety and struggles of the day of battle. These 
 encampments cause them to remember how hard and long, my comrades, was your 
 fighting. These banners recall your victories. All these associations arouse the 
 people s gratitude to you ; their appreciation for what you did, and thus render all 
 the more solid and secure the Union for which the Grand Army of the Republic 
 fought so well. 
 
 This, in my opinion, is the great benefit that results from encampments. Cali 
 fornia, during the period when your encampments were in southern climes, and your 
 fare the soldier s rations, was but an undeveloped Territory. To-day she welcomes 
 you to one of the most prosperous and cultured commonwealths. 
 
 As one of her citizens, as commander of the Loyal Legion of California, allow 
 me, in behalf of my companions who join me in this welcome, to match 3 our valor 
 and loyalty with our unstinted hospitality. 
 
 When the chairman announced the name of General William T. Sherman as the 
 next speaker, the ovation given tipon his appearance on the platform was renewed. 
 
 GENERAL SHERMAN. 
 
 General Sherman, after quiet had been restored, said : 
 
 Comrades, Ladies and Gentlemen: Be silent that you may hear, and even then not 
 half of you will hear what I have to say, and of that half not half of you will pay 
 attention to it. Whoever had the management of this affair designed it as the 
 welcome to California and the city of San Francisco of the representatives of the Grand 
 Army of the Republic. That has been admirably responded to by our Commander- 
 in-Chief. 
 
 At the bottom of the programme there is put down remarks by General Logan 
 and myself a kind of a irover no subject a free dance ; therefore remember that 
 whatever I say is not to be put down in the book. 
 
 In the first place, to the ladies and gentlemen of San Francisco and California 
 who can hear my voice, I say that the men who sit before them represent over 
 300,000 loyal, true soldiers who fought for the liberty and union of this land. 
 [Cheers.] Of that three hundred and odd thousand, about 10,000 are now in the city 
 of San Francisco. Eight hundred of them are delegated by their comrades to come 
 here and represent the whole, of which about 600 are present. This accounts for the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 29 
 
 flags on your streets, the magnificent arches, especiallj- that grand one on Market 
 Street. It accounts for the enthusiasm which marks the population of San Francisco 
 to-day ; it accounts for the grand audience before me to-night. 
 
 Every man with a heart and soul must respond to a call of this kind: It reaches 
 not only the old man, but the young man, the women and children as well, for now 
 we look aloft and see but one flag, the flag that we swore to defend, that flag that we 
 will defend as long as we have muscle and brain, and we are proud of it. Yea, every 
 one of us over the broad land north and south, east and west, is proud that we have 
 but one banner, and that banner is the banner of liberty. 
 
 Now, my comrades, I wish to strengthen the arms of the officers, your Com- 
 mander-in-Chief and the .staff he has brought with him, and that other Commander 
 and Chief that you are to elect to-morrow or next day, with the staff" he may bring in 
 with him. What are we ? We are citizens now of the proudest republic on the face of 
 the globe. We are sworn to loyalty. We are sworn to fraternity, and we are sworn 
 to charity. Yea, indeed, my friends, you must and will ever be loyal to the Govern 
 ment of the United States and the State where you live and the State where you want 
 to go, and you have a right to go to an}- State you please. [Cheers.] That is the 
 land of liberty, and that is the loyalt\" which you have sworn to. 
 
 We are brothers. Already \ve are brothers. We were brothers in war, laid side 
 by side in the mud yea in the snow. We shared the same old haversack ; we drank 
 out of the same old canteen [cheers] ; therefore we swear to fraternity. Then comes 
 charity last and best of all ; not only charity of deeds to help the sick, to relieve the 
 distressed, to lift up those who are fallen, to be kind to the old, but charity of opinion 
 to leave to every man the right to think as his mind and brains suggest, respecting 
 that judgment though we may differ with him. That is the charity we have sworn 
 to, and that is the reason, my citizen friends, you have cause to look up to these old 
 soldiers, for they are not only three hundred and odd thousand good, strong, brave, and 
 loyal men, but they represent principles as pure as the throne of heaven itself. Yes, 
 indeed, we learn lessons at all times and places. I was here, I believe, long before any 
 man who is in this hall to-night. If there is an older Californian than myself, I do 
 not know it. [Cheers.] I came here on the i4th of July, 1846. 
 
 My friends and fellow-citizens, heed me well. Your Commancler-in-Chief has 
 told you the truth when he said that Grant learned a lesson here. He might have 
 said Sheridan learned a lesson here. Certainly your old Uncle Billy did learn a lesson 
 here. [Laughter.] I will tell you that lesson in a few words, and then I will relieve 
 you of my presence. 
 
 In 47 there came into California an emigration of about 20,000 souls, some of 
 whom w r ere old men and old women and some were young, not one in five as strong 
 as the men who composed our armies in 1864. Yet those people had come all the way 
 from St. Joe, Mo., or Leavenworth, 2,000 miles, without one single place to stop at to 
 change an ox or horse, or to get a pound of bacon or flour. The Mormons had not yet 
 come to Salt Lake. Before the Mormons came that emigration ; I saw them come into 
 the valley of the Sacramento. They had come 2,000 miles without a base of supplies. 
 Why should I, at Atlanta, hesitate about coming 320 miles without a base of sup 
 plies ? [Cheers.] 
 
 That lesson is not laid down in the books. You may search the books all 
 through, from the first down to the latest author on the art of war, and you will not 
 find that principle. The principle laid down is. You ought not go more than 100 
 miles from your base of supplies. I went 320, but the oldest emigrant to California 
 
30 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 in 47, 48, 49, and 50 came 2,000 miles without a base. I therefore take off my hat 
 to them as soldiers. 
 
 Another thing I want to tell you : I will never be content as long as I live (so the 
 quicker you bury me the better), because we did not have to live on those mules. I 
 wanted to make our men understand that mule s meat was good, biit somehow the 
 rascals gathered together corn, flour, and rice, and they did not have to eat the mules. 
 I saw General Stephen W. Kearny, after whom the street down which we paraded 
 to-day is named, start with thirty men, and they carried no wagon-train. They had a 
 few pack-mules and horses, and they carried a little corn very little indeed some 
 flour, some sugar, some coffee, and plenty of salt, and they ate up those horses on the 
 way. [Laughter.] Now, when I went south from Atlanta, and from Savannah north, 
 I had in my mind the consciousness all the time that I had another base of supplies in 
 my mules and horses. [Laughter.] 
 
 My friend Logan is in the same box with myself. We were not advertised, and 
 we did not know we had to speak until we came on this stand and read the pro 
 gramme. I have called on him many a time to do desperate deeds, and called on him 
 to face an audience almost as big as this, with muskets in their hands, and he never 
 failed. [Cheers.] 
 
 Since the war, when muskets and cannons and all those implements we iised 
 to glorv in were laid aside, he has joined the debating society of our country and is 
 accustomed to the use of words. I have heard him often speak, but never heard him say 
 an ungenerous, unmanly, or unkind thought. Therefore I, with great pleasure, leave 
 my place to John A. Logan. [Cheers.] 
 
 When General Sherman concluded his remarks, General John A. Logan was 
 presented. His reception was hearty and of such a general nature that he could not 
 but feel proud of it. 
 
 GENERAL LOGAN. 
 He spoke as follows : 
 
 Mr. Chan-man, Comrades. Ladies and Gentlemen : After what has been said 
 to-night in your presence I do not know what I can say that will at all be interesting 
 to you or satisfactory to myself, but in meeting this vast audience it naturally sug 
 gests to the mind thoughts as we pass along. To-day I met an old gentleman in this 
 city who told me he was 91 years old. While sitting here I was reflecting upon what 
 he said. I find that that man lived and might well remember it when you would 
 have to pass 2,000 miles from this spot to step upon the soil of the United States of 
 America. In that man s lifetime we had within the confines of the United States not 
 quite 1,000,000 of square miles. Our Government then extended to the Mississippi 
 River. Now we have three times that on this side of the Mississippi River part 
 acquired by purchase, part by treaty the majority of it as fine soil as God ever 
 allowed man to place his foot upon. [Applause.] You, my comrades, have passed, 
 some of you, over 3,000 miles of this country to come to this spot, which forty 
 3 ears ago was foreign .soil. 
 
 Twenty-five years ago yon were called upon to see that the 3,000,000 square 
 miles that then comprised the United States should remain within the confines of this 
 great Government, and that our flag should be unfurled over every square inch of 
 that American soil. [Applause.] 
 
 In a short time you accomplished what this Government demanded should be 
 accomplished by you ; having accomplished that, if there are men beneath the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 31 
 
 .shining sun who are entitled to victory on every spot within that 3,000,000 square 
 miles, it is the old soldiers who held it together, who gave us one flag and one consti 
 tution, who gave us one grand Government under which we all may live in peace and 
 happiness, and enjoy all the blessings that God has allowed to us. [Applause.] 
 
 California said to 5-011 one year ago, " If you will come to our shore we will show 
 you California hospitality." They have shown us the beautiful mountains and 
 streams, the magnificent lakes, the fruit that ripened almost to bursting with its own 
 richness. All that is inviting to man you find on the shores of California ; all that is 
 generous, all that is kind, and all that is hospitable is found within the confines of 
 your golden State. 
 
 It is true, perhaps, that California did not furnish the soldiers who saved the 
 Union, yet while the soldiers were handling the musket the sound of the pick and 
 shovel in the California gold-fields was music in the ears of those who controlled the 
 Government, because you were supplying that which was needed to carry on the war 
 and to sustain the armies of the Union. Be it so, while you did your duty and did it 
 well, yet there were men, and women, too, who remained at home, and yet who are 
 entitled to all gratitude because they prayed to God for your success ; then gave their 
 nione} , their means, their sympathy, and all that they could give, in order to make 
 certain the safety of this Union. 
 
 Great credit is due to every class in this country of those who did their duty, no 
 matter whether at home or on the tented field. [Applause.] But, my comrades, there 
 is something beyond the mere association of individuals in the meeting of soldiers. 
 Men, as our old Commander said, who have lain down in the mud together, who waded 
 swamps and morasses side by side, who crossed through brambles and thickets with 
 musket and sword in hand, who lived on hard-tack and drank from the same canteen, 
 are united by a cord as bright as silver but as strong as hooks of steel ; and the}- are 
 bound together, no matter where dispersed around this great globe that God has 
 given to man. [Applause.] 
 
 Where er we go, where er we find the soldier, he comes with an open hand and 
 says "Billy," or "John, give us a shake." [Laughter and applause.] That is the 
 feeling. It cannot be eradicated. Thank God ! For in that sympathy that binds 
 soldiers together there is a great measure of God-given charity. If a soldier has but 
 one dollar, and if he finds a poor comrade or the widow or the orphan of a soldier, he 
 divides that dollar with them. [Applause.] 
 
 This organization of the Grand Arm}- of the Republic means friendship ; it 
 means loyalty; but best of all it means, "Put your hands in your pocket and help 
 the poor soldier wherever he is." 
 
 May the time never come when this Government shall be willing to tear from its 
 walls the inscription that is written there : There is one debt that this Government 
 can never pay, and that is the debt of gratitude it owes to the soldier who saved our 
 glorious Union. [Applause.] 
 
 If this Government shall ever fail to carry out this sentiment, we will earn- it 
 out ourselves, one to another, so help us, Heaven ! [Applause.] 
 
 Here in California we are met as friends and as brothers we meet the citizens who 
 have received us with open hand and generous heart, and when we return to our 
 homes we can all say, and say truthfully, too, that the generosity and kindness of the 
 people of this Pacific slope, extended to us while here, will live green in the memory 
 of every Union soldier who has wended his way hitherward so long as his life shall 
 last. [Applause.] 
 
32 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 The people of California have decorated the streets to-day in a manner never wit 
 nessed before in any place in the land ; they have met us at every step and shown us, 
 by every means we can imagine, that not only does loyalty live in their hearts, but that 
 loyalty has generated a feeling of kindness, of regard and of sympathy for every one 
 who bore the banner of his country, who drew a saber in its defense, or who pointed 
 a musket for its preservation. [Applause.] 
 
 Let us while here show that feeling of kindness and forbearance, one to another, 
 that ought to belong to generous soldiers ; let our meetings be calm, considerate, and 
 deliberate ; and when we have finished, and when the term of our visit here is ended, 
 let us pass to our homes and retain a joyful remembrance of the kindness and gener 
 osity with which we were received in California. [Great applause.] 
 
 When General Logan had finished speaking a rush was made for the platform, 
 and hundreds of people shook hands with him and General Sherman. After half an 
 hour these noted gentlemen succeeded in reaching their carriages, and the immense 
 crowd slowly dispersed, and one of the most remarkable and enthusiastic entertain 
 ments ever held in San Francisco came to an end. 
 
 THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. 
 
 Oration delivered by Colonel Stuart Taylor before the Society of the Arm} of 
 the Potomac," August 2, 1886, at Metropolitan Temple, San Francisco. 
 
 Ladies and Gentlemen : From every patriot grave, kissed by the nation s tears, 
 there conieth to this Temple the whisper through the welcoming air All quiet on 
 the Potomac to-night." Not a rifleman hid in the thicket no news of the death of 
 a picket. Old Glory s" stars are over all. 
 
 Soldiers of the Potomac Army ! Soldiers of the grandest army that ever struck 
 for liberty, nationality, and the rights of men ! Heroes of t"he drama of the civil 
 war ! Your comrades who have pitched their tents beside the nation s Golden Gate, 
 to each and even,- one, give loyal, loving greeting. 
 
 To him who shouldered musket, or who drew a saber, within the sacred circle of those 
 men in blue," who on old Potomac s banks yielded allegiance to your martyred, 
 immortal Lincoln, your cherished McClellan, your intrepid Burnside, your impetuous 
 Hooker, your accomplished Meade, your matchless Grant, your brilliant Sheridan, 
 the} 1 shout in glad acclaim, God bless you, comrade ! Welcome, so welcome to ovir 
 homes, our hearths, our hearts. "Hope has elevated, and joy has brightened" 
 California s crest, for lo ! these many months, watching for your presence. 
 
 Go stand in yonder steeple. From all the hill-tops you can see her fires of wel 
 come. Along the streets of all her cities and her villages her people are in gala garb. 
 Her flags make rainbows in the air to arch the martial tread of those who touched 
 the elbows of the 16,000 men she sent across the desert and the sea to help you keep the 
 flag aloft when impious hands would trail it in the dust. Her growing boys and 
 girls, and all the children of the schools, will make your pathway on the morrow 
 velvet with her garden s flowers. Their youthful voices will thrill the air with 
 music as you pass. With arms of silver she clasps you to the heart of gold of this 
 the fair young West. 
 
 If in this cherished throng there be those who challenged death for Union s sake 
 beside the shotted guns of guardian navy, and gave true sailor s courage in support 
 of soldier s valor, to them we open all the doors of all our hearts and bid the "blue 
 jackets " enter. We know, my comrades, that in the republic s gallery of heroes 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 33 
 
 there hangs no grander picture than our unmatched .sea-king s, as, lashed to the 
 Hartford s rigging, he dashed into the smoke and flame of flashing guns, and conquered 
 a victory which hath no parallel in war. [Applause.] 
 
 There were other armies than yours, men of the Potomac, whose soldiers forms 
 grew stalwart and erect, whose steps grew confident, whose faces grew beautiful even 
 as did yours, as they hastened to duty. These were only rivals at one common 
 altar, and our hands extend a soldier s grip to any who grace this hall to-night, who 
 suffered at Newbern, who accepted the perils of James Island, who courted Fort Wag 
 ner s iron hail, who tore down the gate to Nashville, who won crowns of fame at 
 Pittsburg Landing, shed heroes blood at Corinth, grappled with and conquered 
 America s Gibraltar at Vicksburg, lit the clouds of Lookout Mountain with the stars 
 of the republic s banners, made the memories of Chattanooga and Chickamauga fade 
 less with prodigies of valor under the eyes of glorious Thomas, added new luster to 
 the American name with "dear old Rosey " at Stone River, and, haloed by triumph, 
 marched in rythmic ranks from far Atlanta to where the welcoming waters of the sea 
 mingled their hymns of joy with the stormy music of great Sherman s drums. To 
 all all these, Potomac s soldiers shout a glad huzza. [Cheers.] 
 
 Civilians ! Ye, whose generous gifts and words of cheer made possible the sol 
 dier s and the sailor s deeds, when purple testament of bleeding war was oped, to 
 you these veterans give their loyalt} , their love. And what can feeble speech of 
 mine give utterance to, too kind of woman fair who sheds her lovely light upon these 
 scarred and maimed men to-night ? Our mothers, soldiers, were the crown-jewels of 
 this republic. To us they were pictorial Bibles. How their memories stirred us at 
 the front ! The loyal women of the land, with enthusiasm for the right and tender 
 ness for the suffering, sanctified with their affections the armies of the Union. 
 
 Not ye alone, oh! living soldiers, compose this gathering. Not ye alone who to 
 heart-beat and drum-beat guarded Old Glory s fortunes. We feel the presence of 
 that silent, heroic host invisible to mortal eyes who follow these annual reunions 
 of their comrades, and who, circled by immortal light, have entered at yonder open 
 door to take their places around us, and above us. These are the ghostly sentinels of 
 that grand army which dwells beyond the stars. These are the spirits of those whose 
 pillows of dust the hands of love and sorrow embroider with flowers every recurring 
 spring. These are the spirits of those who, clad in shining garments of Peace, hov 
 ered above the serried ranks of blue and gray, and peopled the upper and the outer 
 air of another army, bringing white blessings from God, when Lee s surrendered 
 sword made secession s eternal grave on the field of Appomattox. These are those 
 whose requiems were sung by shrieking shell and hissing bullet, who died in hospital 
 and in prison-pen. These are they who were so noble and so true that Death was 
 proud to claim them as his own. [Applause.] 
 
 These reunions are not for the purpose of keeping alight resentful sentiments 
 created by the war. They were instituted not for vain-glorious boastings, or to 
 awaken sectional hate. They are for the sole purpose of strengthening ties knit 
 years ago, and to relume the lamp of patriotism. They cannot outrage the feelings 
 of any loyal citizen, no matter in what geographical limit he was born. When an 
 April Sabbath twenty-one years ago sealed war s bloody lips, and Grant told Lee to 
 keep his horses for the farmer s work, the breasts of the Potomac s soldiers banished 
 bitterness, and they and the warriors of the Northern Virginia army quaffed the wine 
 of peace, and pledged the fealty of friends. Men of the South ! if there be any here 
 to-night there was this difference between you and the Potomac s soldiers : you 
 
34 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 fought under the leadership of Lee ; they fought under the leadership of God. In 
 this distinguished presence, Mr. Chairman, one feels the inspiration of the hour and 
 the insignificance of the individual. 
 
 The most eloquent tribute we could pay to that army whose fame is the most 
 precious rose-leaf in this nation s book of remembrance, would be to sit together in 
 that silence which is sweeter than all speech and muse upon the past. It is now 
 that the leaves of memory make a mournful rustle, for thought is deeper than all 
 words, and feeling deeper than all thought. 
 
 To-night it is indeed " all quiet along the Potomac. We shatter the hour-glass 
 and turn us backward one quarter of a century to think. 
 
 In his inaugural address on the 4th of March, 1861, one of the greatest, purest, 
 wisest men that has lived since first the stars sang song of joy when a birth at Beth 
 lehem gave a Savior to mankind, uttered these words to his Southern fellow-citizens : 
 " In your hands, my dissatisfied fellow-countrymen, and not in mine, is the moment 
 ous issue of civil war. The government will not assail you. You can have no 
 conflict without yourselves being the aggressors. You have no oath registered in 
 heaven to destroy the government, while I will have the most solemn one to preserve, 
 protect, and defend it. I am loath to close. We are not enemies, but friends. We 
 must not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our 
 bonds of affection. The mystic chord of memory, stretching from every battle-field 
 and patriot grave to every living heart and hearthstone all over this broad land, will 
 yet swell the chorus of the Union when again touched, as surely they will be, by 
 the better angels of our nature. " 
 
 One month and seven days after this tender and inspired plea for peace the 
 iron lips of Moultrie s gun spelled upon our sky, in letters red as blood, Civil 
 War." 
 
 What battles were to be fought, what graves were to be filled, what desolation 
 wrought, what hopes shattered, what altars shivered who could tell ? The Christian 
 patriot could but take heart of hope, put on his armor, gird up his loins, and, while 
 wondering at the cause for the appearance of that awful sign in the heavens, calm his 
 feelings by there tracing in letters of light, over and above that other omen of blood, 
 Be still and know that I am God ! 
 
 Sir, the Christian religion has done more for the civilization of the world and the 
 happiness of mankind than all else beside. From that sacred spot where the haloed 
 head of the young Christ lay pillowed on the straw, and from that blessed hour when 
 the shepherds guarded their sheep by night, and from star to star rang out the music 
 of the message, "Peace on earth, good-will to men," the influence of the celestial 
 harmonies and their inherent forces has done more for the advancement and improve 
 ment of the human race than have all the military forces of the world. And second 
 only to those influences has been that of this republic in surrounding not only its 
 own sons and its daughters with greater safeguards to make glad human existence 
 within its borders than any other government beneath the sun, but in shielding 
 within its arms all those who, like the wearied dove, finding no rest amid the old 
 world s troubles, had fled from persecution to embrace liberty as they saw it across 
 the great sea. To us this effort to divide the Union seemed nothing less no matter 
 what the pretense was than a daring crusade against free institutions. [Applause.] 
 
 Can we ever forget, O citizen soldiers, that Spartan band who made the glories of 
 this Government possible? Embarking on an angry and untried sea, in a frail ship 
 for an unknown shore, they dared to break their thraldom from Britain. They broke 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 35 
 
 it from sense of duty, from force of will, by trust in God, from love of truth, by the 
 spirit of liberty. They sought freedom for conscience, free civic government, free 
 speech, free air. All behind was home, all ahead was hope. To these heroic, these grand 
 souls, my comrades, we trace the first beatings of the nation s life. They were the 
 vedettes of religious and political liberty. Beyond the perilous paths they made from 
 bleak New England s rocky shore, and trod with bleeding feet, was arched the rain 
 bow of a great republic s progress. Upon the horizon of their hopes there loomed three 
 stars the star of liberty, white, spotless, serene, the star of justice, "lovely even in 
 her frown," the star of equality, no favor to class or creed before the law. Their 
 descendants multiplied ; farms were planted ; cities grew ; states developed. Thirteen 
 stars, each representing a sovereign State, gave light from our ensign. 
 
 At last came trouble. Tyranny reached over across the sea. And so, to sever 
 all fealty to the crown, the pen of Freedom inspired the great charter of our rights. 
 The gauntlet of war was thrown at the feet of the king. 
 
 But now, mark one thing. The founders of the republic determined that there 
 never should be a moment when the several communities of the different colonies 
 should lose the character of the component parts of one nation. By their creation 
 and development, up to the very day of the declaration, they were subjects of one 
 sovereignty, bound together in one political connection, parts of one country, under 
 one constitution, with one destiny. Accordingly the declaration by its very terms 
 made the act of separation a dissolving by "one people " of the "political bands 
 which have connected them with another. " And the proclamation of the right, and 
 of the fact of independent nationality, was, "That these united colonies are, and of 
 right ought to be, free and independent states." It was then at one breath, indepen 
 dence and Union were declared and established. Such a thing as separation, or seces 
 sion, was never dreamed of by our fathers, and never provided for. After many years 
 of trial by fire and sword, Liberty struck down Oppression. [Applause.] The 
 republic went forth upon its stately march again, the admiration of the world. 
 
 In our war on Aztec soil, Northman and Southman were rivals to win new luster 
 for the flag. These were they whom Valor, with generous hand, laureled at Vera 
 Cruz, at Palo Alto, at Resaca, at Cherubusco, at Buena Vista, at Molino-del-Rey, at 
 Chapultepec, at Mexico, standing together then like wall of adamant, and in after 
 years were parted by the sword and bayonet of intestine strife. 
 
 With this exception, no threat of foreign foe had vexed us. We were respected, 
 we were feared, we were a great people. All our rivers went singing to the sea their 
 songs of peace. The oceans swelled with pride, as they whitened with the sails of 
 our commerce. Our nation was the lap for the great world s peace-offerings which 
 came from honest toil. 
 
 Our hands of amity reached back to all peoples a wondrous wealth of products 
 from well-rewarded labor. Joy laughed and sat at every fireside. Sweet content 
 ment crowned the republic, and an undertone of thanksgiving came from prospering 
 workshops, from harvest s golden grain, from happy homes thrilling the land with 
 music like a psalm. And when the snake of rebellion coiled its folds about the 
 Union, and sought to sting it to the heart, this was the land that you, soldiers of the 
 Potomac army, were created to champion, and to save ! The disturbing question you 
 were created to settle was not one of administration, but one of government. It was 
 not one of politics, it was one of patriotism. It was not one of policy, it was one of 
 principle. It was one of the constitution and the laws on one hand, it was one of 
 anarchy and misrule on the other. Dissolve the Union was the cry. Snap its 
 
36 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 silver cord. Break its golden bowl. Let it lie in fragments at the feet of kings. Let 
 its shattered pillars be playthings for princes. [Applause.] 
 
 Let some hand impious as that which fired the Ephesian Temple put out the 
 stars in that old flag that lit the welkin dome, whose every hue was born in 
 heaven." Ah ! but could the Union broken be again bound up, even by aid of those 
 who stood by the cradle of its birth. Never ! Never ! Let those who believe it 
 could be, first put breath in yonder dust which fills our silent sepulchers. Let them 
 first put sap in the oak the lightning felled. Let them first make violets blossom on 
 the white winter s breast. But re-create a torn and bleeding Union, when once selfish 
 ambition, lust of power, and petty feuds had put forth leaves, never never never. 
 
 Where existed a government or what wisdom could form one that offered so 
 many privileges to its children ? Which had .so ennobled man, so elevated woman, 
 so inspired our young men with honorable ambition, so helped them in their aims in 
 life, so guarded freedom of conscience, so made citizenship glorious, by the expansion 
 of intelligence, so fostered letters and the arts, so sheltered every exile, and given to 
 all an equal chance for happiness and homes ? Though it had by no means been 
 exempt from maladministration during its eventful history, it had been less arraigned 
 for injustice than any government on earth. [Applause.] 
 
 And so secession was a wicked and cruel imposture by its authors, and a cheat 
 with those who were betrayed into its support. "Heaven in rage for a dreadful 
 moment suffered Hell to take the reins." It was not the private soldiers in gray who 
 were responsible for the smiting of the nation s shield. Nor was it their great mili 
 tary chieftains. These in thousands of instances were but the unwilling instruments 
 in the hands of designing men. Let me pass over the harrowing scenes " Old Glory " 
 witnessed. Blind thine eyes, oh! Memory. It lit the way to the Union s triumph and 
 the serpent s death. Not only were you a great part of the republic s armies, soldiers 
 of the Potomac, but you were almost their greatest part. Your history began on the 
 morning the rising sun gilded the ba} onets and flashed upon the sabers of the North 
 men, as they launched themselves upon the sacred soil of Old Virginia, which became 
 the Flanders of the war. And what a history. The world affords no parallel. The 
 Muse does not record it. Other armies may have been as brave, as devoted ; but 
 yours came from chaos; like the earth at creation s dawn, it was a confused and shape 
 less mass. But as even by the touch of the Master s hand, and at the sound of the 
 Master s voice, order and beauty were evolved, so the magnetism and the power of 
 the most accomplished organizer of modern times, your beloved McClellan, made the 
 Potomac army shapely and superb. Raw, undisciplined, broken in spirit, the nucleiis 
 of the force which he was ordered to command had become so demoralized by the 
 defeat at Bull Run that it was more of a mob than an army. In three months this 
 body of intelligent and patriotic men, almost unaccoutred, almost without commis 
 sariat or quarter-master s departments, "unfitted," as Swinton says, "either to march 
 or fight," had swollen to a disciplined, splendid, spirited, cheerful, eager mass of over 
 100,000 men, "deserving the fond name of the Grand Army of the Potomac." [Loud 
 applause.] 
 
 Carnot says, "It is military discipline which is the soldier s glory, and the 
 strength of armies ; for it is the foremost act of its devotion, and the best assured 
 pledge of victory. " 
 
 Nothing could better illustrate the high state of discipline of the Army of the 
 Potomac than its conduct in such retreats as that on the Peninsula, and in the Pope 
 campaign, and in such incessant fighting as the Rapidan campaign of 1864. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 37 
 
 Sir, I am not here to discuss the merits and the demerits of any of the com 
 manders of the Potomac army. This is not the time or place. But for the services 
 of his brain in organizing- her preservers, and his sword in defending the Union, his 
 old Potomac soldiers, who loved him so well, believe that on Fame s eternal camping- 
 ground, beyond the gates ajar, McClellan, the Christian soldier and stainless gentle 
 man, has not been unrewarded. [Cheers.] 
 
 It is habitual, it seems to me, when the pages of the book of the civil war are 
 turned by orators and writers, to speak almost entirely of the generals and other 
 officers of exalted rank, and to ignore the private soldiers. Indeed it is a rarity 
 now-a-days to find a man who served in our armies any time between 1861 and 1865 
 who is known by any title less than that of colonel. A friend actually had the audac 
 ity to show me a Grand Army card a day or two ago, on which his name appeared as 
 private in a certain regiment ! I gazed upon him with awe and reverence. And 
 looked twice to see if he were not daft. I shook his hand with admiration. For such 
 a thing as a man who served like a hero in the ranks and unblushingly confessed it, 
 and that he had been neither general nor colonel, was a curiosity, and my whole soul 
 listened to his modest explanation intensely. [Laughter and applause.] 
 
 Sir, I am one of those who believe that the country or the government can never 
 too handsomely pay its debt of gratitude to the living private soldiers, or too tenderly 
 care for the families of the dead. We hear of too many "boys in blue " wander 
 ing aimlessly about, broken in spirits and in health, homeless, and no hope of work. 
 The nation should take care of its own. How often have I wished that words were 
 dollars, that I might lift them from their, depths of despair. Their histories are piti 
 ful. I d rather see the earth without its rain, the clover without its dew, our gardens 
 without their flowers, than see these men who suffered for the flag go hungering for 
 bread, these shelterless veterans for whom wealth has no smiles, and plenty no help 
 ing hand. Look about us the land is full of them. God pity the old soldiers who 
 are wretched from the burden of sunless days, and who suffer from the shadows of 
 starless nights ! The nation should care for its own ! In most of the great armies of 
 the world their soldiers were hirelings. Nearly all of yours were eager volunteers, 
 men of intelligence, of moral as well as physical courage. With them patriotism was 
 a passion, the want of it a crime. With us, not only hardy men, inured to labor, left 
 workshops and farms in response to trumpet-call and drum-beat, but those born and 
 nourished in luxury made up the Potomac s ranks of \var. They only knew that 
 men were needed, and they hastened to endure wearisome marches ; they who had 
 never known the rhythmic music of hurrying feet, went out to sleep under the sor 
 rowing stars in the pitiless air of night ; they who had never left the roof-tree of 
 home, went out to shiver in the white cruelty of winter ; they who as fathers had 
 nightly known the joy of children s prattle, and touch of rosy, dimpled fingers, went 
 out to fall by the wayside in burning heat, went out to handle muskets ; they who had 
 never seen a gun, went out to light their own fires, make their own coffee, groom and 
 saddle their own horses, to trudge along tired and footsore with heavy packs but 
 empty haversacks, and canteens without water ; they who had locked arms with com 
 fort and were strangers to work or want, went out to hear, when the mail came in, news 
 of distress and poverty at home, in front the foe, and no way to give aid to loved 
 ones; went out to be shot to death, and thrown for burial without a prayer; went out 
 to be fired at by ambushed foes, to be delirious with fever in hospital, tossing in 
 agony, dying with wounds, calling on mothers, wives, and sisters who never came; 
 went out to linger starved and shivering in loathsome prison-pens with stones for pil- 
 
38 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 lows, and vermin for companions, and scarcely heart enough to dream of home or pray 
 for death ; went out to lie cold and stiff in pools of blood, lapped by the creatures of the 
 night, surrounded by the stench of festering wounds of horses and of men. These 
 were they who marched like heroes and like gods to do and dare all this for the 
 flag s sake. It was only a piece of bunting they left home for, only a device of red 
 and white and blue. But it was very precious to the boys at the front. It was very 
 holy in their eyes. And now, it would have made us bankrupt but that its folds were 
 priceless, for their dear sake who died for it ! It seemed only a rag a combination of 
 colors ; but it meant an idea, a principle, and the soldiers were willing to dare all 
 hell for it. Of these were the private soldiers who filled the ranks of the Potomac 
 army. These were the men who in all that army s vicissitudes, in all its changes of 
 commanders, when marshaled by joy, or crushed by despair, stood staunch and true, 
 and of whom the Murat of its earlier days, chivalric, fearless Phil Kearny, said, just 
 before Chantilly s fatal field, " With 200,000 such men the world would be whipped !" 
 In the hands of this army, after four fearful years, our banner lit the way to the 
 Union s triumph. True it went down many a time before American valor, for the sol 
 diers of the Army of Northern Virginia were lions in conflict. Their prowess only makes 
 greater your success. But if it drooped, it rose again, bright, defiant, blazing in the 
 beauty of its device, jocund in its speech of fire ! No dust was ever made to hide it. It 
 could not die. In your hands, oh, soldiers of the Potomac, all its stars were fagots, all 
 its .stripes were flame ! If it faltered, the arms of heroes wrenched it from disgrace. Over 
 those who fell on honor s field, Memory has poured her urn of tears, and every spring 
 her wealth of flowers. [Applause.] 
 
 On an April morning, twenty-one years ago, you buried the blood-red rose of war, 
 the white blossomed again, and on that awful arena where Titans struggled, the sol 
 diers of the Potomac army had conquered peace. 
 
 Some arms still sinewy to-day, and others turned to cold white dust, lifted it 
 aloft to its fit station, where with no star dimmed, no stripe erased, it makes glad a 
 free air, lending its light to blue and gray alike the protector of liberty and Union ; 
 the guardian of beneficent law. Was the appeal to war unproductive, oh, soldiers ? 
 Thus we had solved the great problem which had been too hard for civic wisdom. 
 With a territory unmutilated, our constitution uncorrupted, a united people crowned 
 with added glory the immortal truths of the Declaration of Independence by the 
 emancipation of a race. Liberty now stood erect without a frown. 
 
 Our martyred President, he who had always been the friend of the army of the 
 Potomac, had by one stroke of his inspired pen given her back her courage and her 
 hope again. History has encircled Abraham Lincoln with an aureole of eternal light. 
 Sir, the nature of that unselfish patriot was so truly good, that, like the glow-worm, 
 it sparkled most when no eyes but those in heaven saw it. [Applause.] 
 
 It may be claimed that freedom absolute has made blessed other lands than ours. 
 That under the witchery of the Muses, and the spell of eloquence, it gave light to 
 Greece, that it found shelter within the arms of England, that it sought nourishment 
 from the breast of the eternal Alps, among the ice-crowned cantons of the Swiss. But 
 it seems to me, comrades, that men must turn from all these pictures painted by 
 unthinking pens to look with lofty emotion for the first time in their lives on the spot 
 less, unveiled statue of classical liberty, as she lifts her white grace aloft in this land 
 of the American Union. [Applause.] 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 39 
 
 Do we seek more war, my comrades ? No no more war. The world begins to 
 see that great questions can best be solved by cabinets instead of cannons. War 
 marches with bloody feet, and puts out joy s lamp in every heart. 
 
 Go ask of those whose feet so often wander where the humble grass grows ten 
 derly above their soldier-dead, if they believe in war? Go ask of those who suffered 
 sorest for the Union saved. Go ask of those whose dear ones it has placed beneath 
 the lock of cruel seals of clay. 
 
 Ye mothers, widows, sisters bereft, can ye look up to see the morning " furrow 
 all the Orient into gold " unless ye think what sacred grave it gilds? Or can 
 ye watch the slow, declining day, unless ye wish it could be always sunlight on 
 those silent mounds ? Do you ever see the spring-time daisy or the purple violet 
 unless ye think what darling dust it is which feeds the wild-flowers of the Wilder 
 ness, of Malvern Hill, of Gettysburg, of Spottsylvania, of Shiloh, or the thousands of 
 other fields where loved and lost are sleeping ? 
 
 No ! no more war. The flowers we scatter on Memorial days, like fragments of 
 broken rainbow, will span the Union as covenants of peace. Since your re-union of 
 1885 your first and last commanders have been summoned to enter into sinless, stir- 
 less rest. To your last commander, more than to any other American, the nation 
 owes its re-created life. His was the heart to conceive, the mind to direct, the hand 
 to execute. The pen of Lincoln and the sword of Grant. They rest together in the 
 shadow of the throne. Their works do follow them. [Applause.] 
 
 Grant, McClellan, Hancock, three of the Potomac s heroes. We need no min 
 strel s verse to make their names remembered. It were as easy to forget them as 
 measure the unfathomable sea. [Cheers.] 
 
 There is one thought, comrades, which should impress itself on us, and on the 
 young men of the republic. What great battles of the world are comparable 
 in their cause, and their results, to ours ? What were so decisive of a lofty, life 
 giving principle as ours, as those last days, when the Army of Northern Virginia, 
 wounded and harassed, and bleeding at every pore, yet full of courage, pursued its 
 terrible race for life, knowing that for it the toils were set, and the "royal stag 
 of ten was to die at bay. 
 
 What leader of cavalry ever led his thundering squadrons in as grand a cause 
 as that mighty horseman Phil Sheridan, the little game-cock of the conflict, whose 
 name will be linked with those of Sherman, and of Grant, and Thomas, and Farragut 
 as the unmatched quintette of Freedom ? [Cheers.] 
 
 To give new power to the diadem, the tiara, and the sword the Persian hordes 
 gave battle to Miltiades at Marathon. 
 
 To make supreme the Punic power of all the world, for purposes of plunder, the 
 banks of the Metaurus were crimsoned with the best blood of Carthage and of Rome. 
 
 For love of power, and lust of conquest, Caesar invaded Gaul. For lucre and for 
 fame, the Romans launched themselves on what is now great Germany; and only after 
 rivers of blood were shed their triumphant chariot wheels were stayed by Arminius in 
 the great Hercynian forest. 
 
 Again, for conquest solely, the Germans became the assailants, and carved with 
 their conquering swords the provinces of imperial Rome into the kingdoms of modern 
 Europe. 
 
 On the plains of Chalons, Attila the Hun attempted to found a new anti-Chris 
 tian dynasty, and 80,000 slain were the results of his ferocity. 
 
40 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 At Tours, for the mere lust of shedding blood, the warriors of the crescent sought 
 to crush the Christian of the cross, and only after the field was covered with corpses 
 did Charles Martel arrest the arm of Islam. 
 
 Stimulated by cruelty, the Tartar Tamerlane builded at Damascus his pyramid of 
 70,000 skulls of those slaughtered by his command. 
 
 The battle of Hastings saw England s bravest laid at the Norman victor s feet, 
 who had violently intruded one people into the bosom of another. 
 
 At Blenheim the fourteenth Louis of France, from purest love of conquest, 
 menaced the liberties of Europe. It was then his once proud visions of victory were 
 dissipated. 
 
 After the success of the Muscovites at Pultowa over the invading Swedes nearly 
 two centuries ago, the champions of monarchy against democracy dreamed new 
 dreams of conquest which have been grandly realized. 
 
 Animated by iniquity and folly, England essayed at Saratoga to strike down 
 liberty and rivet fetters of subjection on the colonists. 
 
 From the cannonade at Valmy may be dated the beginning of that career of vic 
 tory and blood and defeat which carried the eagles of France to Vienna and the 
 Kremlin to Egypt, and back again, to where the modern king of slaughter was 
 made to fold their wings at Waterloo. 
 
 In all these great battles, my comrades, the fair fields of the earth were planted 
 with seeds of war by men who wantonly marshaled their legions for love of con 
 quest and lust of power. 
 
 But it is left for the American citizen-soldier to proclaim, and for a watching 
 world to bear witness, that the grandest armies that ever rallied around a standard, 
 and of which your army, soldiers of the Potomac, was the chief, marched out under 
 an American sky, upon American soil, not for lucre or for lust of power, but for 
 liberty, not to subjugate Americans, but to vinfetter Americans, not for fame, but for 
 freedom, not for conquest, but for Union. Unlike the great battles of the old world, 
 ours led to no complications with other powers, no successions of victories or defeats. 
 
 The great object gained, on that April Sabbath, in a few short hours the wing of 
 silence brooded over Appomattox, and only the spirits of the slain who watched from 
 the upper air, and who guard forever that fateful field, could have told the thrilling 
 tale. Sword, cannon, and bayonet were hidden away, and every priceless flag was 
 furled. And the sublimest spectacle ever given to the gaze of man was on that day 
 and that hour, when those scarred and tired battalions on both sides marched gladly 
 back into the general nation, there to resume their labors in the paths of peace. 
 
 As some one has well said, the conflict of the Potomac army with the Army of 
 Northern Virginia summons to memory the Homeric simile, where the struggle of 
 Hector and Patroclus is compared to the combat between two lions, who from ani 
 mosity and hunger fight together on the mountain tops. And the reluctant yielding 
 of the Virginian army to the superior might of the Potomac s warriors may not 
 inaptly recall those other lines in the same^book of the "Iliad," where the downfall 
 of Patroclus beneath Hector is likened to the forced yielding of the panting and 
 exhausted wild boar, furious and defiant even unto the end. [Applause.] 
 
 And now, my comrades, let us remember another thing to the grander credit of 
 the Potomac army. Let the nation know that its soldiers fought it out on its chosen 
 lines, without the aid of another army, single handed and alone. "Victims of swamp 
 and typhus fevers ; baffled time and again by flood ; battling at every disadvantage 
 with the flower of the enemy ; long denied a victory ; matured plans jeopardized ; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 41 
 
 fighting all day, marching all night ; advancing until they saw the spires of Rich 
 mond, then back again within sight of the white dome of the nation s capitol ; never 
 elated by success nor depressed by defeat ; disaster following disaster, they were 
 buoyant to the close, until at Appomattox that grand army of the republic wore its 
 crown, just before that other grand army of the republic under the great flanker, 
 General Wm. T. Sherman, after its wonderful march, was ready to appear upon the 
 scene and divide its honors. " 
 
 In the second volume of his "Memoirs" General Grant says: "Mr. Lincoln 
 knew that it had been arranged for Sherman to join me at a fixed time to co-operate 
 in the destruction of Lee s army. I told him that I had been anxious to have the 
 eastern armies vanquish their old enemy, who had so long resisted, and that if the 
 western armies should be even upon the field, operating against Richmond and Lee, 
 the credit would be given to them for the capture. Mr. Lincoln said he saw that 
 now, but had never thought of it before, because his anxiety was so great that he did 
 not care where the aid came from so the work was done. " 
 
 So be jubilant, oh, soldiers, that the plan for the Western armies co-operation 
 was never executed, and without the aid of our beloved Sherman s genius you singly 
 "brought the royal stag to bay. " [Cheers.] 
 
 And now we are one people. In such a territory as ours we want nothing petty, 
 mean or small. Public virtue being of a nature magnificent, and born for great 
 things, needs abundant room. 
 
 Voltaire says, "A republic is not founded on the virtue, but on the ambition of 
 its citizens." It looks very much sometimes as if the great philosopher was right. 
 Let us vStrive to give the lie to the illustrious cynic, and, from every element in our 
 midst, conquer respect and worship for that public honor, and social and political 
 virtue, without which no people can be truly happy or wholly great. 
 
 Was the Union worth saving, I may ask you, soldiers of the civil war? Was 
 the Union worth saving, I may ask you, spirits of our patriot dead? Liberty, unity, 
 power, majesty, science conquering new secrets, industry contented, all these are ours 
 to-day. And the undivided homage of an envious world. Ye died. But behold 
 your work, oh, dead ! At once a fortress and a temple. Armed hosts may come, but 
 we dread them not. Waves of trouble may threaten, no matter whence, or from 
 what element they come, we fear them not. They will roll back, beaten. Rebellion 
 may raise its head. As long as the soldiers of the grand army or their sons survive 
 it will be crushed. On the watch-towers of the hills behold our fathers God. Is he 
 not ours? He knows not slumber. Of what, then, are we in terror? Of naught 
 but want of patriotism, and corrupting influence within. With loss of patriotism is 
 linked a loss of public spirit and public virtue. The basis of all instruction in our 
 schools should be the love of country. This should be a sacred fire, burned into the 
 breasts of our children. It should be flashed from pulpit and from rostrum. Steal 
 from them this flame, and you make smooth the roadway to the death of public vir 
 tue. In such a land chaos had better hold eternal anarchy at once. Soldiers of the 
 Potomac army ! The soldiers of the North and of the South should march together 
 in an earnest will to guard this spirit. We are one people now. We are Americans 
 all. Let us be welded by one high purpose the loftier growth of this republic. We 
 are Americans all. Let us cherish no bitter thoughts. Let animosity be killed by 
 kindness. He who died on Calvary s cross said, Do unto others as ye would have 
 others do to you." We are kindred through more than a century; kindred through 
 blood; kindred through ancestral glory; kindred through national fame; kindred 
 
42 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 through the flag. Let us be kindred through the sweet .spirit of unity : that spirit 
 which guided us like a flaming sword; not aggressor, but guardian; not strife- 
 maker, but shield, never to be surrendered, unyielding, enduring, eternal, and which 
 inspires every soldier of the grand Potomac army. [Cheers.] 
 
 The third day, Wednesday, August 4th, was the meeting of the national 
 encampment in legislative session there was also the meeting in national conven 
 tion of the Woman s Relief Corps at Irving Hall, commencing at 10 A. M. For the 
 comrades who were not in attendance as delegates and having their time officially 
 occupied, there was an excursion to Santa Rosa and Sonoma Valley and reception by 
 citizens thereof. 
 
 In the evening there was a grand testimonial concert at the Mechanics Pavilion, 
 tendered to the Commander-in-Chief of the G. A. R., the governors of several States 
 and other distinguished guests, together with the members of the Grand Army. 
 The national airs and lyrics were rendered in magnificent style with a chorus of 1,000 
 voices assisted by 100 musical instruments. 
 
 A GRAND BANQUET 
 OK THE SOCIETY OP THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 
 
 was held at Pioneers Hall on the evening of August 4th, given by the local branch of 
 the Society of the Army of the Potomac to those of that army attending the encamp 
 ment. The walls of the banqueting-room were very handsomely decorated with 
 flags, flowers, and shields; and the tables had on them several appropriate orna 
 mental figures. The menu was an artistic lithograph, bearing on the cover views of 
 the celebrated long bridge crossing the Potomac at Washington, very familiar to the 
 veterans, and scenes from the Yosemite Valley. The initials of the society were in 
 monogram on the back of the cover. Inside on the left was the menu, on the right 
 the toasts and the list of past presidents of the society. Among the happy conceits 
 in the ornamentation of the hall was that of cages containing canaries suspended 
 from the gas branches, and a beautiful badge of the Army of the Potomac, in flowers, 
 which hung on one of the walls. There were also portraits of Lincoln, Grant and 
 Garfield at one end of the room, framed in flowers and evergreens, and at the other 
 end that of Washington similarly surrounded, with the floral device "Welcome" 
 above the picture. 
 
 After the banquet was served, General Martin T. McMahon, the newly elected 
 president of the society, made the following introductory remarks : 
 
 Comrades of the Society of the Army of the Potomac : It is proper before entering 
 upon the programme prepared by our friends of the society of the Pacific that I 
 should in your behalf perform the pleasing duty of again thanking our comrades 
 here and the citizens of this magnificent city for their most generous welcome. 
 Nothing in the past experience of the society has at all equaled it, and I doubt very 
 much if we shall ever again receive so magnificent a reception. 
 
 The flood of generous hospitality extended to us since our arrival is like a very 
 deluge, and we have been able to do nothing but float upon it like Noah of old, and 
 drift along helpless and rudderless and as bewildered in mind as a strange cat in a 
 dark garret, without Ararat to land on. 
 
 To me there is a peculiar pleasure in acknowledging the kind and overwhelming 
 attentions which have been extended by all your people to the old Army of the 
 Potomac. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 43 
 
 For, twenty-five years ago, when I ceased to be a citizen of California and a resi 
 dent of 5 T our city, it was to become a member of the Army of the Potomac, and 
 although disappointed in the hope with which I left the Pacific coast, of a .speedy 
 return and a permanent residence here, and compelled to cast my lines in other 
 places, yet this city has always held the highest and warmest place in my affection. 
 What were mere sand-hills in those days are crowned now with palatial structures, 
 and more than tropical bloom and verdure have replaced what then were barren 
 wastes, and while the city has become grand and beautiful and picturesque, it is a 
 great pleasure to see what I recognize on every hand, that the people have not 
 changed at all, but have remained till to-day what they were then, the most liberal, 
 whole-souled, public-spirited and cosmopolitan community that America can boast of. 
 
 People of San Francisco, the old Army of the Potomac, to whom you sent in 
 olden days not merely words of cheer and high encouragement, but gallant sons, many 
 of whom never lived to revisit the golden shores and behold the modern splendor of 
 their early home, thank you most heartily. We have come to you from the far east, 
 over mountain barrier and desolate waste of desert, and not through the Golden Gate, 
 typical of the land of promise. 
 
 Be assured that the memory of your greeting here shall remain a lifelong pleas 
 ure to each and every one of us until the rear guard of the good old Army of the 
 Potomac shall have passed the gates of pearl and pitched their tents upon the more 
 distant shores. 
 
 General McMahon then proposed the health of the President of the United States. 
 All present rose, and the toast was drank amid cheers. 
 
 Governor Stoneman in reply to the toast of " The State of California," said: 
 
 Comrades : I shall not attempt to make what is termed a speech, because I could 
 not if I would and would not if I could. 
 
 General Sherman said last evening that he came into this country before any 
 other man in the room. I did not know he was so old, for if that is so he must be 
 older than I. I came to California on Christmas-day, 1846, with a body of men called 
 the " Mormon Battalion." It made the longest march on record. It started in the 
 dead of winter for California via Council Bluffs. The men composing it meant to 
 settle on the bay of San Francisco, but some one forestalled them by offering to hire 
 them and bring them across the plains as armed emigrants. 
 
 The Governor, after an interesting description of his journey across the plains, 
 said : 
 
 I wonder if any man can tell me who name/1 the Army of the Potomac or how it 
 was named. It was thus : After the battle of Bull Run General McClellan went east 
 and I went with him. We found General Mansfield in command of the forces around 
 Washington. We drove to see him. In doing so we passed the quarters of General 
 Scott, God bless him ! [Applause.] We went to see him, and while we were dis 
 cussing the name which should be applied to the army, and after several names were 
 discussed, the name Potomac was mentioned. The old hero, raising his finger as his 
 habit was, said, " Potomac, Potomac, appropriate and euphonious. L,et it be called 
 the Army of the Potomac." [Applause.] 
 
 Mayor Bartlett spoke to the toast, " The City of San Francisco, " as follows : 
 Gentlemen of the Army of the Potomac : Your president and other veterans of 
 the Grand Army of the Republic have paid many eloquent tributes to our greatness, 
 our goodness, our beauty, and many other virtues which they have observed in us. 
 
44 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 They have told us how they remember our patriotism, our generosity, and our loyalty 
 during the war, and we accept all they offer us with the inward consciousness that 
 they cannot overestimate us. In fact, we begin to realize now what our modesty pre 
 vented our seeing before, that California reall}- was at the head and front of all the 
 great victories of the Army of the Potomac. 
 
 Did not General Sherman admit last evening that he had learned in California 
 how to march into Georgia? Allow me to say here that although ordinarily I like to 
 be at home when visitors call, I did not regret being absent from my native State dur 
 ing that memorable visit. Who can tell how much the other great generals learned 
 from their visits to California ? 
 
 One thing is certain, that San Francisco will hereafter reckon the Army of the 
 Potomac as a part of the Grand Army of California. 
 
 It is with great diffidence and timidity that we speak of our glorious climate, our 
 fertile soil and our luxurious fruits, but, gentlemen, I assure you that San Francisco 
 has deeply concealed in her heart of hearts an enormous pride in the great American 
 eagle, whose broad wings stretch from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and one of whose 
 brilliant eyes flames towards the frozen north, while the other squints dreamingly 
 southward to her sister republic. 
 
 San Francisco honors the brave and the patriotic. Our daily journals have fur 
 nished you abundant proof of the interest taken in your coming and reception here. 
 The patient, enthusiastic multitudes that gathered in our streets yesterday from every 
 part of our State are abundant witnesses to the intelligent appreciation with which 
 our people regard your presence here, and I cannot avoid taking in the whole State 
 when I speak for San Francisco on this occasion. 
 
 Gentlemen, California is all you say of her a great, beautiful, bountiful, gener 
 ous and hospitable State but San Francisco is especially modest when speaking of 
 herself. [Applause.] 
 
 General K. D. Keyes being called upon, as one of the generals of the Army of 
 the Potomac, for a speech, said that it would be impossible for him, as it was indeed 
 unnecessary, to speak at length on the Army of the Potomac. It was named as 
 described by General Stoneman, but was organized by General McClellan. There was 
 no one better man to organize, but one great difficulty was that the volunteers were 
 very unfitted to rush into the field and carry everything before them, as the public 
 expected them to do. The general then went somewhat minutely into the history of 
 the operations of the army, in the course of which he was repeatedly and loudly 
 applauded. 
 
 The band here struck up "Marching Through Georgia," which was enthusias 
 tically joined in by the whole company. 
 
 In response to the toast of the Pacific branch of the Society of the Army of the 
 Potomac, General K. S. Salomon said in effect that he had been so busy in preparing 
 for the reception of the guests that he had no time to prepare a speech, but he 
 acknowledged the toast and realized in it an appreciation of the work done to give 
 them an appropriate welcome. In their admission that we have been successful in 
 our efforts we find our reward. The organization of the Pacific branch of the society 
 was due to Colonel Smedberg, and now over 300 members are found in this city. He 
 hoped the branch would soon join the parent society. He would say that while the 
 committee of arrangements were entitled to all credit, he could not say enough for 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 45 
 
 the zeal and devotion of General Backus, who was too modest to put himself forward 
 to seek for thanks, but is satisfied with the success of his efforts. In conclusion he 
 proposed that General Sherman should be elected an active member of the Army of 
 the Potomac. Carried by acclamation. 
 
 General James A. Beaver, of Pennsylvania, replied to the toast of "Women in 
 War," saying : 
 
 Any man who could fail to respond to this toast would be unworthy of the 
 name of man. We have most of us crossed the continent to this slope. As I came 
 up the Sierra Nevadas by the river Truckee, and as we came higher and saw Lake 
 Donner, and finally reached the summit, I could hardly refrain from saying, " Great 
 God, what a country ! " and I shared in the glory of having helped to save it. This 
 is the thought that must have occurred to all. But has it occurred to you that the 
 power behind it all was your mothers and your wives, and 3^our sweethearts, and your 
 sisters ? I have seen men lie down and die just because their wives could not write a 
 cheerful letter to them. I have seen boys brave because their mothers could write and 
 say, "My boy, God bless you !" He concluded by joining in the thanks offered to 
 the branch society for the magnificent welcome which had been rendered, and 
 the memory of the deeds, rather than mere words of kindness shown to the visiting 
 comrades, would be carried with them to their graves. 
 
 General Barnes responded to "Bench and Bar," after which Colonel G. B. 
 Dwyer made some remarks of a similar nature, bringing out in a jesting way the 
 facts that he came from Pike County, Mo., and that he found that several Pike 
 County men were in the penitentiary and he had made up his mind that he would get 
 Governor Stoneman to pardon them out before he went back, for he stood up for Cali 
 fornia when he was in Pike County ; he proposed to stand by Pike when in 
 California. The rest of his speech was devoted to various subjects, anecdotal and 
 otherwise more or less relevant to the subject of the toast. He said, in conclusion, 
 for St. Louis, that it stands guard at the tomb of Abraham Lincoln, it was the home 
 of Grant, and is now the home of Sherman, and in saying the last he claimed that 
 St. Louis was the home of the greatest soldier on the top of God s green earth to-day. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 Colonel Smedberg was called upon to reply for the department of California, 
 Grand Army of the Republic, and did so in choice and appropriate terms. 
 
 F. M. Pixley, of the Argonauf, in response for the press, said : 
 Every one who knows me knows how deeply I love the press. So closely have I 
 followed its course that I gave myself to be a common editor to reform it. The press 
 is about as good, as a rule, as the people for whom it is published. When the grand 
 old flag was fired upon and you enlisted in its defense, the press, to its credit, and I 
 may say its only credit, supported you. I wish it had no till into which advertise 
 ments could throw the conscience of its publishers ; for a free press is the backbone 
 of a free republic. I feel the modesty of my position to-night. When you defended 
 the life of the republic, I did not. Yet I was as a civilian with Grant in the bloody 
 week before Petersburg. I saw the regiments, a little earthquake, march along the 
 fence. I saw, in short, the pomp and circumstance of war from a distance, and I 
 saw many of the touching and pathetic episodes of the war at Cold Harbor. I then 
 
46 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 registered a vow that if there be honors to give or paying positions to bestow I will 
 stand back when a fighting soldier seeks it. I fought under Hancock. The enemy 
 opened a battery on us as we were riding along, and I thought it a mean thing. The 
 arm of the man riding beside me was shot off, and I, with the reckless courage of a 
 fool, turned and rode to the rear. When I met him afterward I upbraided him with 
 his mean behavior. He said he was very sorry, for he did not know I was there. 
 Mr. Pixley asked in conclusion whether the press did not urge the Army of the Poto 
 mac to go on to Richmond. Did it not urge you to do and die, and did not the Army 
 of the Potomac do so ? In the political field does not the press urge that the bloody 
 chasm be closed, and the citizens of the South be restored again to the all-embracing 
 and all-forgiving arms of the Union ? He said, in closing, a good and excusing word 
 for the South, saying that if he had been reared in the South he would also have 
 probably " fit " for slavery. 
 
 The toast of "The Army of the United States " was then proposed by General 
 McMahon, and General Sherman responded as follows, having been received with 
 repeated cheers. 
 
 Comrades of the Army of the Potomac: When I was assigned a toast somewhat 
 unfamiliar to me I was told that I might assume any subject I pleased. I will now 
 suppose that the tattoo has sounded and that the regular army has gone to bed, and 
 turn to the army which was called for by the people in its majesty and w r hich poured 
 forth from their homes in troops and brigades. 
 
 Of these the first to take a name was the Army of the Potomac. There was 
 besides that of the Ohio and others. But I am delighted to be with the Army of the 
 Potomac to-night. How short the way seemed between Washington and Richmond, 
 but you, my comrades, thought it a hard and a long one. But now, looking back, 
 how slight do the troubles appear which annoyed you then. I began with you in 
 July, 1 86 1, on my way to Richmond. Before I got there I had to go away around by 
 the back door. [A voice, " You got there all the same."] We were all one, though 
 with different insignia, and our grand flag was the same over us all. 
 
 Because of the first battle of Shiloh we got the whip hand of them, and we kept 
 it. We were all marching for the same destination and we all got there at last. Your 
 object, Army of the Potomac, was the tenacity of the bull-dog. I respected all our 
 commanders, each in his own sphere, but when you were organized by McClellan and 
 trained by battle you called for a little man named Grant. [Applause.] He was 
 called to Washington for the first time by President Lincoln, and when they met, 
 Lincoln felt that he had found a man he could trust. These two and Stanton sat 
 down and had a talk. Grant objected at first to take the Army of the Potomac. Lin 
 coln replied that he thought Grant s success at Vicksburg and Chattanooga would 
 heal the jealousies of the Army of the Potomac. "I will, of course, come, "said 
 Grant, but I hear you have a practice here of sending orders from the rear. With 
 us in the West the head of our army is visually in front . 
 
 Lincoln turned to Stanton and said : You and I have been running this 
 machine for three years and we have not made a success of it. Let us give up 
 trying." 
 
 They kept their word, and even when Early might have entered Washington if 
 he had known, Lincoln refrained from giving any order, and the city was saved by 
 the Sixth Corps of the Army of the Potomac. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 47 
 
 The general then went into reminiscences and moralizing on the divisions of the 
 Army of the Potomac, and continued : 
 
 Grant said to me, "Sherman, you go for Joe Johnston, and I will take care of 
 Lee ; " and there was a straight fight from that time till we reached and held Atlanta. 
 When the Army of the Potomac got stuck in Petersburg, we resolved to go and help 
 them, and my boys said, " All right, Uncle Billy, and if any one asked them when 
 they were on the way, the answer was, Uncle Bill knows." General Sherman con 
 cluded by saying that the pre-eminence of our country was due to the efforts of 
 the Army of the Potomac, which did its share in securing the freedom of our country. 
 " Not only, "he said, "are the faces of the men and women and children smiling a 
 greeting, but the very flowers bloom in honor of your presence in this city because 
 you made it possible for us all to be proud of being American citizens." [Applause.] 
 
 Governor Alger, of Michigan, gave some personal reminiscences of General 
 Grant, after which a toast to the memory of General U. S. Grant was drank in silence, 
 all standing. 
 
 Governor Lucius Fairchild, of Wisconsin, in the absence of Captain P. V. 
 McNair, commandant at Mare Island, responded to the toast of the navy. He said : 
 
 We can never forget the gallant services the navy rendered in the war. But 
 what of the future? I have seen the so-called navy of the United States little tubs 
 not fit for ferry-boats on this bay. It is said that the western members of Congress 
 refused to vote for an appropriation, but it is well in time of peace to prepare for war. 
 We have now the fishery trouble with Great Britain, and suppose she refuses to 
 accede to our demands, what are you going to do about it on the sea? I want Con 
 gress to give us a navy that can defy the world, so that no nation shall dare to beard 
 us on the water. [Applause.] For the first time in sixteen years I meet my friends 
 of the Army of the Potomac. I followed the fortunes of that army for many weary 
 months, until I was sent home by a rebel bullet. It does me good to meet them once 
 again on the beloved soil of California. We are bound together as closely by our 
 misfortunes as by our successes. 
 
 Admiral Farragut s memory was then drank in solemn silence. "John Brown s 
 Body " was struck up by the band, all the company joining in as before. 
 
 The volunteers and kindred societies, were toasted, and General Horace C. King 
 thus replied : 
 
 The request of the committee to respond to the toast of the volunteers and sister 
 societies is received with diffidence. My natural impulse is to imitate the esthetic 
 young student at Harvard, who, on the death of a comrade, placed at the foot of his 
 coffin a wreath of evelastings, into which were woven the initials, S. Y. I v . " See 
 you later." But the cordiality which accompanies the invitation left me little oppor 
 tunity to decline with grace, and, although I am a stranger to many of you, though 
 not a stranger to all, I am, nevertheless, in much the same happy frame of mind as 
 Mark Twain, who, when asked whether he would rather go to heaven or to that 
 other place now superseded by the revised version replied that he was not particular, 
 as he had friends in both places. 
 
 Whether you have gained much by getting me from so far I must leave to your 
 generous verdict, for I am rather inclined to think that you may be somewhat in 
 
48 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the position of the very small boy, who, after struggling up the slender tree, found 
 the persimmons green, and, when taunted with an abortive attempt at whistling, 
 solemnly replied : "Whistling, I spec I m pizened ! " 
 
 A quarter of a century has worked some changes here, as the most casual 
 observer may readily see. Yet here are the faces of the old volunteers, not perhaps 
 the familiar faces that I have been accustomed to see in our gatherings in the East, 
 but they recall the same memories and inspire the same emotions. The passage of 
 years has bowed the forms and grizzled the beards of many of you, but to-night as 
 you hear recounted your brilliant deeds, the eye grows bright, the shoulders are 
 erect, and you are again, as in the days of from 1861 to 1865, "every inch a soldier." 
 
 How our thoughts leap back over space, and it seems but yesterday that we were 
 in the midst of the excitements of grim war. Here at our side is the fond mother, 
 wife, or sweetheart with beseeching eyes, the promptings of natural affection strug 
 gling with a sense of patriotic duty. We hear the roll of the drum as the column 
 approaches ; the last good-bys are spoken, and, with a smile bravely struggling 
 through our tears, we fall in and feel the electric thrill of elbow to elbow as W T C 
 realize that at last the serious business of soldiering has begun. 
 
 It is a great privilege to have lived in the past half century. The growth of this 
 nation is one of the marvels of the world, and no grander or more unexpected 
 episode is known to history than the emancipation of this nation from the prolific 
 sources of political differences slavery which sooner or later was destined to shake 
 the country to its very center. For my part, I rejoice, and I know that you too 
 rejoice, that this work was not left to our posterity, but that you and I were selected, 
 in the providence of God, together with the millions who sprang w r ith us to arms at 
 their country s call, to carry out this work, and in his appointed time. 
 
 The volunteers and our sister societies is assuredly an inspiring theme and 
 must always find favor with every loyal son. I might say with the poet 
 
 There they stand, 
 
 The grace and glory of our native land 
 
 Which has somewhat the flavor of the famous oratorical pyrotechnic regarding the bay 
 and beans State "Massachusetts needs no encomium; there .she is, behold her. 
 Exhibition open every day. Children accompanied by their parents or guardians, 
 half price." But there they do stand, and as relics of the late war they compare 
 most favorably in honor, loyalty, integrity, and exalted citizenship with any organi 
 zation, the outgrowth of the grand and never-to-be-forgotten War of the Rebellion. 
 A critical Englishman, in conversation with an enthusiastic and plain-spoken Amer 
 ican, expressed some surprise that there was no aristocracy in this country. "What 
 is that?" asked the American. "Oh," said he, "I mean those who do not work for 
 a living, and whose fathers did not work, or their grandfathers before them. " " Oh, 
 yes, we have, " interrupted the American, "but we call them tramps here. " Yet we 
 have an aristocracy which has won the respect of the whole world the aristocracy of 
 loyalty and bravery, of devotion to the land of our birth or adoption, to save which 
 from disruption we presented our breasts to an equally brave and determined foe, and 
 resolved to conquer or lay down our lives in its defense. We wear no inherited insignia 
 of knighthood, but the simple emblems of our own device, which will be dearer to our 
 posterity than any which foreign potentates could bestow. In this aristocracy we 
 count the gallant sons of this and our sister societies, and as the descendants of the 
 heroes of the Revolution wear with pride the honored badge of the "Cincinnati," so 
 shall our children and our children s children wear the cross of the Army of the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 49 
 
 Potomac, and say with honest pride, "This was worn by my ancestors, who faltered 
 not in the great struggle for our second independence, and secured for all posterity, 
 not only liberty, but freedom for every human being black as well as white 
 throughout the land. 
 
 And what memories are revived by the sight of it, and where on earth is there 
 better fellowship than among those who fought shoulder to shoulder, who shared 
 their last hard-tack and coffee on many a severe march, or "huddled together on the 
 eve of battle before a glowing camp-fire, talked of the morrow and of loved ones at 
 home, of the possibilities of defeat or victor} , of life or death, but never with 
 despondency or gloom, eager to live, but willing to die if only the nation might live? 
 
 How every breast thrills at the mention of Antietam and Shiloh, of Chickamauga 
 and Gettysburg, of Vicksburg and Winchester, of Chattanooga and Cedar Creek, of 
 Nashville and the Wilderness, and of a hundred other famous fields where 
 
 Shriek of shot and scream of shell 
 And bellowing of the mortar 
 
 were mingled with the groans of the dying and the paeans of victory, 
 
 And Irish Xora s eyes were dim 
 
 For a soldier dumb and gor> , 
 And English Mary weeps for him 
 
 Who sang of Annie Laurie. 
 
 How, when resting after the bloody work of the day, were we wont to gather in 
 groups and sing the old folk songs that carried us in spirit back to the home fireside. 
 The bronzed veteran never forgot the last good-bys. 
 
 Dear girl, her name he dared not speak ; 
 
 But as the song grew louder, 
 Something upon the soldier s cheek 
 
 Washed out the stains of powder. 
 
 It is natural that my thoughts should recur more particularly to the grand 
 achievements of the Army of the Potomac, with which my fortunes were cast. The 
 Western arm} had Grant, and Sherman, and Thomas, and McPherson, and Buell, and 
 Steedman, and Rosecrans, and a galaxy of other brilliant names, and the Eastern 
 army had Grant, too, and McClellan, and Burnside, and Meade, and Sheridan, and 
 Hooker, and Hancock, and Slocum, and Stoneman, and many other heroes all 
 
 Immortal names, 
 
 That were not born to die. 
 
 But who can speak of the Army of the Potomac without an eulogy of its first com 
 mander, George B. McClellan? Out of the gloom came the cheering news of his suc 
 cesses in West Virginia, and the country turned to the young commander as the leader 
 to bring order out of chaos and restore confidence to the depressed and disheartened. 
 With a rare skill for organization, he took the army in hand, and out of confusion 
 brought order and discipline, and with masterly ability created the machine which 
 was not materially changed in its parts throughout the war that superb Army of the 
 Potomac, which bore defeat as no army before ever did, and never faltered in the 
 darkest hour in its determination to stand by the flag until it should float unmolested 
 over the length and breadth of the whole land. Who speaks a panegyric of that 
 army must needs praise the man who created it, no matter what his views may be as 
 to the soldierly dash of the creator. He showed his superior fitness at least for that 
 work ; and that he won the respect, admiration nay, love of nearly every man whom 
 he commanded, you who served with him can attest. 
 
50 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Yorktown, Williamsburg, Hanover Court-house, Seven Pines, Fair Oaks, Savage 
 Station, Games Mills, Malvern Hill, South Mountain and Antietam, and other immor 
 tal names are inscribed on his banners, and the soldiers who knew him and were com 
 manded by him love to remember with pride and gratitude " Little Mac." 
 
 The roll-call of brilliant men of that armv stirs the blood and kindles afresh the 
 
 
 
 fires of memory. 
 
 The mantle of McClellan fell upon one of the purest and most conscientious men 
 I have ever known. Shrinking from so great a responsibility, he would gladly have 
 refused the command, but yielding to the orders of his chief, General Ambrose E. 
 Burnside accepted the grave charge, and that he should have rejected the assign 
 ment, no one realized more full} than himself. Yielding to the clamors of the press 
 and the pressure of the authorities at Washington, he fought one battle, and that the 
 most ill-planned and suicidal of all the aggressive engagements of the Army of the 
 Potomac. The slaughter was terrific, and the defeated army recrossed the Rappahan- 
 nock, having lost heavily in numbers and gained nothing for the country. The 
 withdrawal of Burnside from the command was as tender as it was patriotic. 
 
 Among the corps commanders there was one who, by undaunted courage and 
 dash, had earned a sobriquet, which, like that of dashing Harry Lee of the Revo 
 lution, \vill always be inseparable from his name. "Fighting Joe " Hooker took com 
 mand and laid out one of the best planned engagements of the war. If the battle of 
 Chancellors ville had been as successful in the execution as in the inception, Lee s 
 army would have been captured and Richmond would have fallen. 
 
 But the time was not yet. Had the war ended then, the work would have been 
 incomplete. Peace then would have been but a temporary truce. The cause of the 
 trouble still remained. There was a festering sore, and the radical cure, cauteriza 
 tion or cutting, had not yet been applied. So long as slavery remained any com 
 promise would have been but for the time. An overruling Providence held the destiny 
 of the nation in its hands and delayed victor}- until its results should be lasting. 
 
 Then followed Lee s second bold incursion into Maryland. It was a desperate 
 measure, but the desperate condition of the Confederacy demanded it. The salvation 
 of the South required the transfer of the scene of conflict to Northern soil. Success 
 there might secure peace. Defeat meant destruction to all hope. 
 
 To George G. Meade, the gallant son of Pennsylvania, was intrusted the com 
 mand of the Army of the Potomac. Brave, cautious, and devoted, he made his dispo 
 sitions to repel the advance of that army, which, flushed with success, pressed on to 
 York and Harrisburg and threatened the safety of the national capital itself. 
 
 Out of the galaxy of heroes shone prominent Winfield Scott Hancock, surnamed 
 The Sviperb ; " a soldier and a gentleman whose name is inseparably connected with 
 Gettysburg. 
 
 Probably no grander sight was ever seen in the war than when the Confederate 
 line, as if on parade, moved forward to the attack of Hancock s corps. On they 
 came, while the thundering cannon made great gaps in their ranks. Closing up with 
 the promptness of a drill, they pressed on. Xearing our lines, the guns were double- 
 shotted with canister and dealt terrible devastation. On they pressed, until there 
 were hand-to-hand encounters over the guns. Hearts beat quickly, and it seemed 
 almost as if the day was lost. But Hancock was there, and at every point the charge 
 was repulsed. The beaten enemy sullenly fell back, and stealing away in the night, 
 Lee retired for the last time from Northern soil. Hancock, the superb, will always 
 remain a shining light in the pages of American history. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 51 
 
 Then came Grant, one of the immortal triumvirate of America s saviors Wash 
 ington, Lincoln, and Grant and after a bloody struggle there followed the blessings 
 of peace. 
 
 In the lapse of years, the war recurs to us as a picnic on a large scale, somewhat 
 long drawn out and arduous at times ; but, after all, we recall more of joy than sor 
 row, more of play than work. While the Western army meandered, seemingly, 
 pretty much at will from the Ohio to the Gulf of Mexico, having time, however, to 
 survey with deliberation every foot of ground over which it fought, we were held at 
 bay in the comparatively restricted limits of Northern Virginia. If, peradventure, 
 we advanced upon the peninsula and viewed the spires of Richmond from our out 
 posts, we prudently retired to the James, after some magnificent but bloody work at 
 Fair Oaks and Malvern Hill, to take an account of stock and ante up for a new deal. 
 We turned the Shenandoah Valley into a militan- race-course, where the winnings 
 were pretty evenly divided, until a Celtic importation from the West, who now com 
 mands our small but gallant little army , sent the conquered legions of Early whirling 
 up the valley, whence the} came no more forever. On this occasion Early was too 
 late, and he discovered that the year of Jubal E. had come. But it was not all serenity 
 and success. Often the peaceful scene was clouded, and the angry cannon plowed 
 deep furrows in the unoffending soil, and dug in every valley and on even- hillside 
 shallow graves for the fallen braves of both sides of the fratricidal contest. There 
 they sleep still, thousands upon thousands, known and unknown, until the last 
 trumpet shall sound until Federal and Confederate alike, linked arm in arm, shall 
 stand before the judgment-seat, and answering the roll-call of the great Commander, 
 go on forever into the endless beyond. 
 
 While we sound the praises and remember with unmeasured gratitude the heroes 
 whose names are known, we are not less mindful of the services of those above whose 
 graves no slabs are raised, and the sites of whose very resting-places are obliterated 
 by the hand of agriculture. One spirit inspired all love of country and the lowli 
 est man who carried a musket and fell bravely with his face to the foe will live forever 
 in the memory of a grateful nation. It is a grand privilege to have lived in those 
 times a privilege which few full}- realized then, when all thought was absorbed in 
 the ever-recurring duties of the day and the one purpose of maintaining the nation 
 one and indivisible forever. 
 
 Now that the Union is restored and reconstruction a fixed fact, it ma}- be ungra 
 cious in me to say anything derogatory to the "sacred soil, " but if my memory 
 serves me right, there were times when I felt vet)- much like the dear little child of 
 an army officer who had heard New Mexico described as a God-forsaken country, and 
 when it came her father s turn to be ordered to that much abused Territory, invited 
 her mother to accompany her to church on the last Sunday before their departure to 
 say good-by to God. And so, too, I have felt like applying the mild profanity 
 attributed to Sheridan, that if he owned hell and Texas, he would rent Texas. There 
 were wonderful wilds, as dense as the fastnesses of the Rocky Mountains, and swamps 
 of unnumbered miasmatic influences, and as we tramped through the mud and mire, 
 what a relief it was even to strike one of those little towns so graphically described 
 by Horace Porter, where they had a "ten horse-power saw-mill, with a circular saw, 
 and a one-horse school with an upright teacher. " 
 
 It is a blessed provision of nature that the well-balanced mind remembers the 
 pleasures rather than the discomforts of life, and it is only those abnormal creatures 
 who like to dwell upon the dark spots of their career and imitate an old colored friend 
 
52 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 of mine, who invariably greeted my salutation of "How are 3-011 this morning, Aunt 
 Betsy?" with the stereotyped reply, "Wuss, thank God." 
 
 "We are growing old, and on such occasions as this are apt to be garrulous. I 
 remember very well a story which I heard in camp at our own headquarters, related 
 by our commissary. During one of the raids on Richmond you will recollect that 
 the cavalry command was nearly surrounded at Trevilian Station, and how to get out 
 was for a while a very serious problem. The pack-train was badly mixed up in the 
 melee, and the command was finally extricated after great difficulty. When fairly in 
 camp and out of harm s way our commissary asked his servant, who had been in the 
 train, how he liked the situation. "Well, Massa Tom," said he, "I didn t like it at 
 all. Dem air shells as big as camp-kettles \vere flying round loose. Dere wan t no 
 chance for a nigger nowhar. I was mightily skeered, I was. Why, Massa Tom, I 
 felt as if every hair in my head was a bugle and dey was all playing Home, Sweet 
 Home. 
 
 And who has not laughed over the dilemma of the Irishman who spent two years 
 in the infantry learning to turn his toes out, and two in the cavalry, on re-enlist 
 ment, trying to turn them in. " Divil take such a sarvice, " he said, "there is no 
 plazing the blackguards." 
 
 I am not of those who would have the memories of the war effaced, but I would 
 bury forever its animosities. Our opponents fought in a bad cause, but they believed 
 in the cause, and I respect their conscientious convictions. They aimed to carry out 
 the precepts which had been taught them from early childhood, and they were not 
 successful. None are more grateful to-day than the great mass of men who were 
 engaged in the struggle on the Confederate side. The lesson inculcated by the final 
 triumph of the Union forces must not and will not be forgotten. We are one people 
 with one purpose and one destiny. 
 
 On a recent occasion I listened to a thrilling and patriotic address of General 
 Gordon of Georgia, of Confederate fame as a soldier. He depicted in language I can 
 not fully describe, the final triumph of our arms at Appomattox, and with great feel 
 ing referred to the magnanimity displayed in the terms of surrender accorded by 
 General Grant, and in issuing rations to the half-starved legions who only a few hours 
 before confronted us with smoking muskets and bellowing cannon. It gave me great 
 pleasure to contribute my share to this love-feast by saying that it was from the plethoric 
 train of the first cavalry division under my charge that the rations were in large part 
 supplied. If he violated the proprieties of the occasion by throwing his arms around 
 me in the presence of the assembled mulitude, I think the recording angel found in 
 the incident something worthy of entry on the credit side of General Gordon s 
 account. 
 
 The war is past. Its bitterness has happily subsided, and hand in hand every 
 loyal son, North and South, "keeps step to the music of the Union, "and those whom 
 the god of battles has joined together, let no man put asunder. In friendship, charity, 
 and loyalty, we shall go forward prospering and to prosper, the beacon-light of civil 
 ization and the controller for good of the destinies of the nations of the globe. 
 
 In response to the toast of the "orator of the day," Colonel Stuart Taylor said : 
 Mr. President and Soldiers of the Potomac army : If memory serves me right, it 
 was England s Carlyle who said : " Speak not at all in any wise till you have some 
 what to speak ; care not for the reward of your speaking, but simply for the truth of 
 your speaking. " 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 53 
 
 Sir, I have nothing to add to the eloquence we have admiringly listened to, but 
 I can say with true truth how profound was my appreciation of the honor conferred 
 upon me by the invitation to deliver the address before such a society as the Army of 
 the Potomac on last Monday night. 
 
 If my poor stammering speech gave you, men of the Potomac army, to under 
 stand how much I cherished your deeds of valor, then indeed am I content. How 
 often I wished, before the ordeal came, that we could put breath in the cold white 
 dust of one of the Potomac s earlier heroes gallant and eloquent Baker upon 
 whose grave, on our Lone Mountain s side, the imperial sunset of California daily 
 throws its golden lilies, mingled with the rose ! How I wished that he could be here, 
 with his thrilling voice, to welcome you ! But, sir, it needs no speech of tongue to 
 voice our feelings at such a time, when the Potomac s soldiers are our guests. That 
 speech is in ever} gleaming eye ; it wells up from every loving heart ; it keeps 
 rhythmic measure with rushing feet as we hasten to take the hands of those 
 who did and dared so much for the flag s sake. Our hearts have been made 
 harps, on whose cords your hands, soldiers, have played with very thrilling touch. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 And my eyes were full of tears to-day when I listened to the touching words of 
 the Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Arnry of the Republic, as he sang the praises 
 of your great chieftains and the men who made up the Potomac s ranks of war. Your 
 visit will rekindle love of country in California. It will be to us like a benediction. 
 It will make our growing boys and girls think, and they will ask, "What is all this 
 for?" And when answered they will go forth upon the roadway of life eager to give 
 hands and hearts and strength and brain, and all, to help sustain the Union for which 
 you dared gleaming steel and shotted guns. Your visit has even made the flag more 
 sacred and more holy. It has re-created ideas and principles we never will let sleep. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 There was this great difference between the soldiers of the Army of Northern Vir 
 ginia and yours : The one fought under the leadership of Lee ! You fought under 
 the leadership of God ! I have observed with intense gratification that many 
 ex-Confederates have draped their homes and offices with the stars and stripes. This 
 is well. Let the good spirit glow and grow. In my travels abroad I remember seeing 
 somewhere amid the Swiss mountains a leaping, foaming cataract of blue water, 
 which found its stormy way into the bosom of the valley, whence flowed another 
 stream which was literal!}- gray. The two mingled and married, and when they 
 found the \vaters of the welcoming sea, lo! as if kissed by the azure of the sky, all 
 had become beautifully and serenely blue. And in sweet silence over all a tremulous 
 iris stooped. God grant the sections of our common country may so blend together, 
 until every man who wore the gray has become merged in the inextinguishable 
 blue. [Cheers.] 
 
 The fourth day, August 5th, the meeting of the national encampment was con 
 tinued, as was also the convention of the Woman s Relief Corps. There was an 
 excursion to and reception by the citizens of Santa Cruz. In the evening there was 
 a grand banquet to the officers and members of the encampment, a general reception 
 and entertainment at the Mechanics Pavilion and at the various post headquarters. 
 
 The fifth day, August 6th, the meeting of the encampment continued, also the 
 convention of the \Voman s Relief Corps. There was an excursion to Monterey and 
 a grand picnic excursion over the North Pacific Coast Railway. In the evening there 
 w r as a general reception at the Metropolitan Temple tendered by the national conven- 
 
54 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 tion of the Woman s Relief Corps to the national encampment, Society of the Army 
 of the Potomac, and military aids of the Lo3 al Legion. The address of welcome was 
 by Sarah E. Fuller, National President Woman s Relief Corps, followed by addresses 
 by Governor Stoneman, Mayor Bartlett, Commander-in- Chief Fairchild, Department 
 Commander Smedberg, General Logan, and others. A special musical programme 
 was prepared for the occasion. 
 
 The sixth day, August jth, there was a grand excursion around the bay of San 
 Francisco. 
 
 This was one of the most enjoyable excursions of the encampment w r eek. The 
 steamer Santa Rosa, a large and elegantly equipped sea-going vessel, was the flag 
 ship. Following were several of the largest ferry-steamers of the railroad company, 
 capable of carrying two or three thousand passengers. Xone of the vessels were 
 allowed to be crowded. There was ample room for dancing and freely moving about, 
 so that all had opportunities of viewing the scenery of shore and water. A large 
 number of ladies, members of the families, friends of visiting comrades and of the 
 Woman s Relief Corps participated in the excursion. Each vessel was furnished 
 with a band of music and the greatest profusion of supplies for lunch purposes, a 
 marked feature of which on the tables, that were kept constantly set, was the Cali 
 fornia fruits and wines. The fleet decorated with flags made an imposing appearance. 
 It made a complete circuit of the bay ; it passed Alcatraz ; the fort fired a national 
 salute ; the flag-ship went a short distance out to sea, but the other steamers awaiting 
 her return remained at the entrance of the harbor, at a comfortable distance within 
 the Golden Gate. Flags were dipped from the vessels in the harbor ; and the steam- 
 whistles of ferry -boats, river steamers, and tugs shrilled a salute as the fleet passed 
 both in going and returning. The trip occupied in all six or seven hours, and the 
 only regret expressed was that it had not been longer. 
 
 In the evening the closing exercises of the week was a grand camp-fire at the 
 Mechanics Pavilion. 
 
 Monday, August gth, was appropriated to an excursion to Oakland. A grand 
 reception was given by the citizens to the newly elected officers of the national 
 encampment and members thereof, also to the comrades generally. The city was 
 beautifully decorated with arches of flags similar to those of San Francisco. There 
 was an address of welcome by the mayor, speeches by the newly elected Commander- 
 in-Chief, Lucius Fairchild of Wisconsin, General Logan and others. The procession, 
 which was headed by the light battery of the First Regiment of the U. S. Artillery 
 stationed at the Presidio, was participated in by a number of visiting comrades, and 
 with the posts of California made an admirable display. One of the most charming 
 features of this parade, like that of Portland, Me., was the assemblage of the school 
 children of the city who, under the charge of their teachers, occupied an entire block 
 on one of the streets on the line of the procession ; tastefully dressed in white they 
 made a beautiful sight as with sweet voices the} 7 greeted the veterans with patriotic 
 songs and distributed flowers among them. 
 
 Tuesday, the loth, there was an excursion to San Jose. It was a reception in the 
 manner of the preceding day. The city beautifully decorated, a procession, a series 
 of addresses of welcome by the mayor and other prominent citizens, the replies by 
 Commander-in-Chief Fairchild, General Logan, Governor Alger of Michigan, and 
 other comrades, a grand banquet and open house everywhere. 
 
 Wednesda} and Thursday, August nth and i2th, were appropriated to an excur 
 sion to Sacramento via Napa Valley. After the festivities at Napa and the trip up 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 55 
 
 the valley to St. Helena, with a look at the vineyards, the comrades who took part 
 in the excursions, retracing- a portion of their journey, took the direct line for Sacra 
 mento which they reached on Wednesday evening. The grand reception which they 
 met with there lasted through the following day. To enumerate the festivities which 
 were on a grand scale would be but a repetition of what had occurred at San Fran 
 cisco, Oakland, and San Jose. The Sacramento excursion and the attending ceremo 
 nies may be deemed the end of the official receptions of the G. A. R. in California, 
 though, of course, there should be very properly mentioned the reception which was 
 given at Los Angeles to the comrades who returned to their Eastern homes by the 
 Southern route and who were kept over a day or two at that point with a camp-fire 
 welcome and a hearty comrade greeting. 
 
 The history of the reception of the delegates to the national encampment and 
 visiting comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic has been given here at some 
 length, but it is but a faint representation of the round of festivities which occurred ; 
 the earnest and warm w r elcome of California to the survivors of the civil war. All 
 that California could do was felt to be but a limited appreciation of the grand sendees 
 rendered by these men who were representatives not only of the living but of the 
 grand arm}- of the dead. 
 
 The department of the Potomac, G. A. R., on the return of its delegation from 
 the national encampment, made the following handsome acknowledgment of appre 
 ciation of hospitalities. General Orders, Xo. 8, dated Washington, D. C., August 
 24, 1886 page 3- "The thanks of this department are extended to W. R. 
 
 Smedberg, Commander Department of California, and through him to the comrades 
 of that department and the citizens of the State generally, for the very kind and hos 
 pitable reception and entertainment of our delegation and the friends who accompa 
 nied them on the occasion of the meeting of the twentieth national encampment at 
 San Francisco. With open hearts they received and with open hands the} dispensed 
 the bounteous stores with which they have been so wonderfully blessed. Our com 
 rades on the Pacific Slope will ever have a warm place in our hearts." 
 
BUSINESS SESSION 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Twentieth Annual Encampment 
 
 OF THE 
 
 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC, 
 
 Held at San Francisco, Cal.. August, 1886. 
 
 A FULL AND COMPLETE ACCOUNT OF THE PROCEEDINGS. 
 
 The business session of the twentieth national encampment opened on Wed 
 nesday, August 4, 1886, at ten o clock at the Odd Fellow s Hall, San Francisco. 
 
 The encampment was called to order by the Commander-in-Chief, S. S. Burdett. 
 Chaplain-in-Chief L. H. Stewart made the opening prayer, and the Commander-in- 
 Chief read the following address : 
 
 Comrades: Our last gathering place was upon the shores of that ocean across 
 whose heaving breast there yet gleams the wake of the Mayflower, of immortal name, 
 which brought through storm}- seas to an inhospitable coast the seed of men, and of 
 faith and purpose, whose antithesis armed for fight under the flag of the rebellion, 
 and whose high noon of fruition came at Appomattox. We partook of the hospitality 
 of a people who remain within call of the "manor house" of the Pilgrim Estate ; we 
 were glad in the presence of the daughters of a race who rocked the cradles out of 
 which have stepped that throng of Godfearing and liberty-loving men whose peace 
 ful arms have within the compass of little more than a century subdued a continental 
 wilderness, and within it set up the peerless nation whose citizens we are. 
 
 Threading a continent in our this year s march, we pitch the tents of the twen 
 tieth national encampment on this our further shore, salute the glory of the mount 
 ains which to our fathers were nameless shadows in a foreign land, and hear with 
 gladness the music of the waves which sing our anthem where yesterday the starry 
 flag was but a strange device. It has been the lot of the Grand Army to compass the 
 land it helped to save. Our feet, whilst yet "shod with the lightnings of war," knew 
 by toilsome march the highways and by-ways of the South ; our peaceful progress has 
 led by pleasant paths to the eastern shore, to the northern border, through the loyal 
 
58 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 center to the mountain slope, and now at length beside the "peaceful seas, " having 
 seen of all its greatness, whilst yet our strength remains, with united voice we salute 
 again our dear country, and bless the God of the fathers that it was his good pleasure 
 to privilege us to stand in the battle for its unit}-, and to preserve so many of us to 
 be partakers of its later glories. 
 
 REPORTS. 
 
 I commend to you the careful perusal of the reports of the staff officers. They 
 exhibit in detail the state of all the principal business and other concerns of the 
 Grand Army, and will evidence the faithfulness with \vhich 3 ou have been served. 
 Not becaiise it is matter of custom or courtesy, but because I am sensible of the obli 
 gations I am under to them, I take pleasure in referring specially to the faithful and 
 efficient labors of the adjutant, the quartermaster, the inspector, and the judge- 
 advocate-general, and the assistant adjutant-general. The volume of business 
 transacted through national headquarters has been very great, far greater than in 
 any preceeding 3 ear ; the burden of it has fallen on them. I may say with some 
 degree of pride, and in justice to them, that the records of their offices will be found 
 in so good condition as to lighten the burdens of their successors. 
 
 MEMBERSHIP. 
 
 There were, as reported by my predecessor, on the 3ist day of March, 1885, 
 thirty-eight departments, 5,026 posts, and 269,694 members. On March 31, 1886, 
 the official returns showed thirty-eight departments, 5,765 posts, and a membership 
 in good standing of 295,337. This is a net gain during the year of 739 posts and 
 25,643 comrades. Distinguishing between those actually suspended for non-payment 
 of dues, and the aggregate membership of posts noted as suspended for failure to send 
 in their reports (as our system of returns now enables us to do), and counting as in 
 good standing in delinquent posts the number so appearing by their last return, gives 
 a membership on March 3ist last of 299,087. 
 
 The number of comrades remaining members of the Grand Army of the Republic 
 is 326,499. There is abundant reason for congratulation to be found in the exhibit. 
 The time has come when the single cause of the growing w y eight of years sufficiently 
 excuses many thousands of our comrades from seeking our association, yet out of 
 the diminished and constantly diminishing number of comrades eligible to our ranks, 
 we gathered in by muster alone during the last year a new membership of 60,663. 
 This is a greater number than constituted our whole membership up to and at the 
 close of the year 1880. 
 
 SUSPENDED AND DROPPED MEMBERS. 
 
 The problem presented by the large number of comrades reported as suspended 
 or dropped calls for some solution. 
 
 Under the head of suspended the adjutant-generals have reported : 
 
 For the year ending March 3 1 , 1884 28,801 
 
 " 1885 54.292 
 
 " 1886 54,146 
 
 The causes leading to this unwelcome state of facts are various. Undoubtedly 
 there are some who join ovir ranks looking for immediate and purely material and 
 selfish benefits, and who, finding their expectation slow of realization, properly and 
 naturally fall out. There are others who, so soon as the novelty of their experiences 
 have worn off, lapse into carelessness, and for lack of a little "shepherding " by their 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 59 
 
 more earnest comrades are lost to vis ; but there are others whose falling away is of 
 more grave concern. Some there are faithful of purpose and warm in their allegiance to 
 our order, to whom the small sum required for payment of annual dues is yet a burden. 
 It represents so much of self-denial or of diminished comfort for some dependent one. 
 Then, again, the summit of life has been reached by us all, and some of us are 
 far down the westward slope. To these attendance upon our meetings and upon our 
 other duties has come to be a burden. No longer able to report for active duty, and, 
 finding no place provided by our system for honorable retirement, not without. a pang 
 of regret, no doubt, they suffer the account to be closed by the operation of our harsh 
 rule under its harsher interpretation. The situation has come to be this : Organized 
 as we are, among other things, for purposes of beneficence toward each other, we yet 
 withdraw our organized comradeship from such as must leave our society for causes 
 which should call into active pla}- the duty of charity in its larger sense to which 
 we stand pledged. The fact is that the Grand Army of the Republic fashioned 
 its rules and limitations upon the plan of societies whose clientage is the ever- widen 
 ing stream of new-born souls. Its originators, rejoicing in the day of their own 
 strength, did not look beyond ; but we are face to face with the fact that the fountain 
 had ceased to run ere our musters began, and that the suns of a quarter of a century 
 have drank of the waters of our stream until its diminished flow admonishes us 
 to have a care against waste. I hold to the usefulness of the Grand Army as 
 an institution. I believe as you do that when its last muster shall have been cele 
 brated, and all the doors of its posts closed, that the greatest;school of patriotism our 
 world has known will have ceased to be. I am therefore clear that it is our duty now 
 to begin the taking of steps to the end that the badge of our order may be lawfully 
 worn to the latest possible hour. The consideration this stibject has received in 
 many of the departments during the past year indicates that it is one lying near to 
 the heart of comrades and that the time is ripe for action. Ijsubmit that your rules 
 and regulations ought to be amended. 
 
 Instead of comrades in arrears for dues being summarily dropped at a specific 
 period by mere operation of the law itself, there should be notice in open post and 
 due action had ; and before the final act of dropping is consummated there should 
 again be notice in open post, a period of warning, and then formal action by ballot 
 on each case at a regular meeting. 
 
 But I think that the time has arrived when we may well consider whether our rules 
 should not provide some other alternative than the absolute severance of relations 
 with the order on failure of payment of dues. 
 
 True there is now the condition that dues may be remitted for reason of 
 "sickness or misfortune, " but the inadequacy of this provision is apparent. I com 
 mend to your consideration the propriet}^ of instituting in connection with our posts 
 a retired list, call it if you please a roll of honor, upon which the posts may place 
 their veteran members, relieving them of the payment of dues and of active duty 
 generally, but leaving them the right of attendance at post meetings, of participating 
 in and enjoyment of the honors and benefits incident to our association, and testify 
 ing our full comradeship by continuing to them the right of participating in the 
 election of new members and in the decision of all qviestions relative to the standing 
 of comrades. 
 
 First in the trinity of our aims we name " fraternity." I am making a crude 
 suggestion only, but I am asking you out of your greater wisdom to fashion some 
 plan that shall enable us, having once grasped the hand of a worthy comrade, to 
 
60 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 hold it in friendly embrace until in God s good time we must cross it on his own 
 breast in token of the final peace. 
 
 FINANCES. 
 
 The account current of the quartermaster-general shows balance of cash on hand 
 June 30, 1886, $23,864.09. There was on hand June 30, 1885, $12,006.46, The net 
 receipts for the year are therefore $11,857.63. 
 
 The presence of this very considerable surplus fund, and the stability and present 
 certainty of our sources of revenue, raises two important questions : 
 
 1 . Should we cut off or limit some or any of the charges out of which our income 
 is derived. 
 
 2. What shall be done with present and future accumulations to insure their 
 safety and get from them some interest return ? 
 
 Upon the first question your attention is invited to the recommendation of the 
 quartermaster-general, that the price of the membership badge be reduced to thirty- 
 five cents, which, on the basis of last year s issue, would effect a saving to depart 
 ments of $3,500, and would to that extent curtail our revenue. 
 
 It is my judgment that we may safely make this reduction, and that it should be 
 done ; but in every question of this character it is always to be borne in mind that we 
 are on the high level now ; that our direction is fixed ; that beyond and in otir path 
 is the declivity, and we ought to have in mind provision for that day when only a few 
 will contribute to the funds, but when, as we hope and believe, the fading few will 
 still assemble in national encampment and find in their own funds the means to do 
 so until the end comes. 
 
 The second question was dealt with by the last national encampment, so far as 
 the surplus then reported was concerned, but without result. 
 
 The incoming Commander-in-Chief and council of administration were author 
 ized to invest $10,000 of the amount then on hand in mortgages on real estate worth 
 not less than three times the amount thus loaned, "exclusively of any improve 
 ments thereon." At the meeting of the executive committee of the Council, held 
 November 19, 1885, the matter was carefully considered, and it was determined that 
 under the restrictions imposed it would be impossible to safely place the funds. In view 
 of the fact that we are not an incorporated society, that we could enforce no remedy 
 against a delinquent borrower except through some cumbersome and uncertain 
 system of trusteeship, with great deference to your better judgment, I think it my 
 duty to suggest that, as safety is much the more to be regarded than the mere 
 matter of interest, the bonds of the United States are the best security known to the 
 business world. 
 
 CHARITY AND RELIEF FUND. 
 
 The report of the adjutant-general shows amount expended for charity for the 
 year to be $176,259.87, but the report of the inspector-general shows an expenditure 
 under this head, for the same period, by but 4,916 posts out of the 5,765 now in 
 existence, of $205,673.90, and as remaining in the relief fund $301,012.76. I refer to 
 these figures both for congratulation and complaint congratulation in that our great 
 principles of fraternity and charity still have exemplification, and complaint that the 
 proper officers of many of the posts fail to make due record and report on this head. 
 This neglect is an injustice to their posts and to the whole fraternity, now and for 
 the future. The explanation of the much smaller sum reported by the adjutant- 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 61 
 
 general, must be that the inspector, being present in the posts by his assistant, 
 found the facts he reports, whilst post officers careless!}- omitted them from their 
 returns. 
 
 DEPARTMENTS. 
 
 Except in one instance there is nothing in the condition of the departments 
 which requires special remark. Unfortunately, and, as we shall most of us agree, 
 unwisely, certain alleged delinquencies occurring in the department of Xew York 
 were made the subject of general newspaper allegation and surmise. The specific 
 allegations concerned the funds and were calculated to seriously impair the prosperity 
 of that great department and our good name beyond its borders. Under these cir 
 cumstances it seemed to me to be the part of wisdom to order special inspection of 
 the department records. The comrade inspector-general performed that duty in 
 person thoroughly and conscientiously. It is not proper that I express any opinion 
 or now give publicity to that part of his report which deals with past delinquencies ; 
 they have been made the subject of proper charges and specifications, and will be 
 brought to trial in due time. But it is just to us all that I say that the report finds 
 that, under the present administration, known faults have been corrected, system and 
 economy introduced, and that confidence ought to be restored, and prosperity again 
 abound. 
 
 BADGES. 
 
 This is a subject to which attention of a special kind has been called in the 
 reports of your retiring Commanders-in-Chief on more than one occasion. At the 
 eighteenth annual session your attention was called to certain allegations involving 
 the integrity of the manufacture of the badges then in use, and to innuendoes in con 
 nection therewith involving not only the good name of the then national officers of 
 the Grand Army of the Republic, but that of their predecessors for many years. The 
 author of these slanders was not singled out by name, but he was described as one 
 who had sought the contract for the manufacture of badges and as the editor of a 
 paper professedly published in the interest of the Grand Army. In view of these 
 charges, or rather of the fact that they had found their way into reputable news 
 papers, the executive committee of the council of administration made a thorough 
 examination into the whole matter. Their report, covering the whole history of the 
 question, left no room for doubt that you had been served with faithfulness and 
 fidelity in that regard, and that the charges made had no better foundation than the 
 interested malice of their author. 
 
 My predecessor, in his address at Portland, invited attention to the large revenue 
 derived from the sale of badges, which by so much prevented the increase of the 
 per capita tax ; to the just pride a comrade should feel in wearing a badge manu 
 factured from captured cannon, and recalled to the attention of all the resolution of 
 the eighteenth national encampment, especially prohibiting comrades from wearing 
 any other membership badge than that supplied by national headquarters. 
 
 The committee to whom this address was referred reported upon the subject that 
 " unless made of captured rebel cannon a badge is a lie, and the post officer or other 
 comrade who procures them from any other source than through national head 
 quarters merits court-martial and prompt dismissal. In this connection 
 it is recommended that during the coming year the Commander-in-Chief be requested 
 to give this matter his individual attention, to the end that the manufacture of spuri 
 ous badges be stopped, and that the parties now engaged in obtaining money under 
 false pretenses by their sale be properh- dealt with under the law ; and the following 
 resolution w r as reported and adopted. 
 
62 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 ^ Resolved, That the Commander-in-Chief be requested to ascertain who are 
 manufacturers and sellers of spurious badges, and to take such steps to secure the 
 suppression of the same as he may deem proper. 
 
 Under this mandate I proceeded to the discharge of the duty involved. Exami 
 nation disclosed that the patent obtained upon the design of the badge in 1869 
 expired by limitation on the 28th da} of December, 1876. There was no machinery 
 of the law, therefore, that could be invoked in my aid. But, considering that without 
 the active aid or connivance at least of a considerable number of the officers and 
 members of the Grand Ann}-, no outside manufacturer could profitably prosecute the 
 business, and, believing that there could not be found within the membership of our 
 posts a comrade so lost to honor or greedy of spoil as to persist, after due notice of 
 the will of his comrades in the matter, in defrauding their funds, and in mocking 
 their faith and just pride, by imposing on them, in place of a genuine badge, what 
 the encampment had aptly described as a lie, under date of September 14, 1885, I 
 issued General Order, No. 6, current series, in which, without note or comment, I 
 set out at large the resolution of the seventeenth (Denver) national encampment and 
 the report of the committee on the address of Commander-in-Chief Kountz at Port 
 land, above alluded to, which I did not doubt would effectually compass your purposes. 
 My attention was soon after directed to the October number of the Grand Army 
 Gazette and National Guardsman, so called, edited and published by J. A. Joel, at 82 
 and 84 Nassau Street, New York, in which, under the heading of " Another Waste- 
 Basket Order, "he revived the slanders denounced at Minneapolis, declared his- purpose 
 to manufacture and sell the "badges guaranteed to contain captured cannon metal," 
 and characterized the action of the two national encampments embodied in the order 
 as "the style of an autocrat." 
 
 He declared the price too high, and, referring to the fact that the patent on the 
 design in use had expired, denied the right of the Grand Army, through its laws or 
 otherwise, to control the action of its membership on the matter of sale or purchase 
 of badges. 
 
 The article concluded with a deliberate false attempt to discredit the authenticity 
 of the action of the national encampment as published in the order referred to. 
 
 Advised now that a campaign against your funds, national, departmental, and 
 post, as well as against the honor of the whole great fraternity involved in its pledge as 
 to the material of which its insignia of honor is composed, was full} determined 
 upon, I again addressed the Grand Army on the subject, through Headquarters 
 Circular, No. 2, and through the medium of letters to the department commanders 
 invoked their personal aid. In several succeeding numbers of the journal referred to 
 the determination to continue the sale of the spurious article was asserted by its 
 editor, and the declaration reiterated that his manufacture contained captured cannon 
 metal, and the fact that the property rights of his comrades in the badge were no 
 longer protected by a patent was reasserted as his justification for invading them. 
 
 If but one of the genuine badges issued from headquarters were dropped into the 
 melting-pot, an assertion that its issue contained " captured cannon metal " would 
 be true in form, but would remain a false pretense in fact. However, one not a 
 member of the Grand Army undertaking to manufacture our badge might, if pressed 
 to desist, fall back on our want of protection by patent ; for a member of the Grand 
 Army, bound to dxity to his comrades by the pledge of his honor, to so shelter him 
 self is but to resurrect the rejected plea of Shylock : "It is not so nominated in 
 the bond. " I am happy to say that my efforts to discharge this duty were seconded 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 03 
 
 by my comrades, the department commanders, almost unanimously, with great hearti 
 ness, and that close scrutiny and comparison of the legitimate demands of the year 
 with the actual issue from national headquarters, indicate that but few of the spuri 
 ous badges found their way into the ranks. 
 
 Under the circumstances it is just that I should say that from no reputable 
 source, and indeed from no source whatever, save only that to which I have already 
 alluded, has an}- complaint or even criticism reached headquarters with respect to any 
 matter connected with the manufacture or supply of badges, or their cost or material. 
 That you have been served in this respect with absolute fidelity I have no doubt. 
 
 The number of badges issued during the year is 66,393. I found on assuming 
 office that there was an outstanding badge contract properly entered into by my 
 predecessor, under w r hich there remained for delivery 60,760. The balance of the 
 year s supply has been furnished by the manufacturer at the last contract price of 
 twenty-seven cents each. There is now no outstanding contract. 
 
 Of the twelve bronze guns obtained from the New York arsenal in August, 1884, 
 six, weighing 5, 230 pounds, are 3- et on hand. There is, in addition, upwards of 2,000 
 pounds of this gun-metal, which has been reduced to the form of pigs. 
 
 OMITTED CORPS MARKS, NEW DESIGNS, PATENTED. 
 
 The subject of corps marks omitted from the group of emblems on the reverse of 
 the vStar of the badge was before the last encampment on a resolution reciting that the 
 castle, the emblem of the Engineer Corps, had been omitted therefrom ; and in a 
 resolution coming in from the department of Nebraska, asking, on behalf of 
 members of the thirteenth corps residing in that State, that the national encamp 
 ment adopt for it a badge after a form suggested. It seems that no badge or emblem 
 was ever adopted for that corps. The whole subject was referred to the council of 
 administration with power to act. Upon consideration of the questions the executive 
 committee declined to take action on the last-named matter. 
 
 It seemed to the committee that such action would be without adequate author- 
 it} ; that no action it or the national encampment could take would be anywhere 
 binding, and that subject was therefore referred back to this body. The committee 
 found further inducement for this action on learning that at a meeting of mem 
 bers of this corps at Chicago, in 1866, action had been taken, and a form of badge 
 recommended different from that selected by the Nebraska comrades. 
 
 Upon the other subject, " the emblem of the Engineer Corps," it was found that 
 the authorized form of the emblem, as promulgated by the war department, was not 
 the castle alone, but the castle in combination with the crossed oars and anchor, and 
 that in this form it was in its proper place in the group of emblems. 
 
 But examination disclosed that three of the authorized corps marks, viz. : Han 
 cock s First Corps, Vet. Vols., and Sheridan s and Wilson s Cavalry Corps, were 
 omitted. It seemed to the committee that these ought to be added, and especially so 
 as their addition would, by change of design, admit of a patent being obtained for 
 future protection. 
 
 Comrade Davison, the manufacturer of our badges, took charge of the matter, 
 obtained and holds the patent. He has also, with the concurrence of national head 
 quarters, in order to your further protection, secured a design patent upon the upper 
 part of the badge by adding to its reverse side a suitable design. 
 
 These patents are at the service of the national encampment. I strongly recom 
 mend that you, by formal resolution, adopt the designs they cover. They do not 
 
64 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 change the general form of the badge as now prescribed ; the3 r simply add certain 
 details properly belonging upon it, and will serve for your future protection against 
 any Shylock to whom the law of honor is without preventive force. 
 
 OFFICIAL DECISIONS. 
 
 I have approved, adopted, and promulgated as my decisions the opinion of the 
 judge advocate-general in the eighteen cases of which the following is an abstract : 
 
 Xo. i. A comrade is not subject to suspension because of non-payment of 
 so-called dues to a relief fund established by a by-law of his post. Such a payment 
 is wholly a matter of individual conscience and patriotism. 
 
 Xo. 2. A member of the national encampment, a past department commander, 
 can only be tried by court-martial convened by order of the Commander-in-Chief. 
 Sec. 3, art. 6, chap. 5. 
 
 Xo. 3. In this case a comrade was dropped from the rolls by a vote of the post, on 
 the ground that he was ineligible, and should not have been mustered in. Held, 
 that a post cannot properly drop a member from its rolls who appears in good stand 
 ing until the contrary is shown after proper and legal proceedings, as provided by 
 the rules and regulations. 
 
 Xo. 4. Any comrade against whom no charges exist, and who has paid his dues, 
 may demand, orally or in writing, at a meeting of his post, a transfer card ; and a 
 failure on the part of the officers of the post to perform their duty and issue such 
 transfer card could not operate to defeat a comrade s transfer to another newly organ 
 ized post, to which (in the case in question) a comrade was admitted by the depart 
 ment commander, who possessed full knowledge of all the facts in the case. 
 
 Xo. 5. The resignation of a post commander does not operate to make a vacancy 
 iintil his successor has been elected and actually qualified ; consequently, it is proper 
 for the officer so resigning to preside at any meeting of his post until his successor is 
 so elected and qualified. 
 
 No. 6. There is no territorial limitation upon the power of the Commander-in- 
 Chief to authorize the organization of posts of the Grand Army of the Republic. He 
 may sanction their organization within a foreign country, and attach them to any 
 department under his jurisdiction. 
 
 Xo. 7. In this case an applicant is reported as having "borne arms " (in the 
 enlarged sense of the term) in the service of the Confederacy while he was a slave. 
 He afterward enlisted in and was honorably discharged from the Union army. Held 
 that the applicant must have the benefit of the fact that as a slave he was stripped of 
 the power and exercise of volition, and hence is relieved from the consequences of an 
 act which was not his, but that of his master. He is therefore eligible. 
 
 Xo. 8. It is not fraud in any necessary sense for a comrade to have enlisted 
 under an assumed name. If he received an honorable discharge he is eligible. A 
 post admitting such comrade with a full knowledge of the facts, conveyed by his own 
 statement, is estopped from denying the validity of his muster-in. 
 
 Xo. 9. Whenever anything is to be done or refused by the action of the post, by 
 approval of the post or b} r order of the post, or any terms of similar import, the term. 
 " post " in that connection means a legal post meeting, where a majority of those 
 present and voting (a constitutional quorum being actually in session) have voted in 
 favor of or against a proposition, whatever it may be. 
 
 Xo. 10. Comrades cannot be dropped because of non-payment of dues other than 
 those prescribed by section 3, article 3, chapter 5 of the rules and regulations. A 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 65 
 
 post may appeal from and reverse the decision of its commander, as well upon a 
 question relative to the rules and regulations as upon questions arising upon the 
 proper construction of the by-laws of the post. 
 
 A post commander may refuse to entertain a motion, believing it to be out of 
 order, but an appeal will lie from his decision. 
 
 No. ii. "A" was regularly elected post commander, but his post set the election 
 aside, and thereupon elected "B" who was installed and served to the end of the 
 term. The action of the post in setting aside A s election was erroneous, but under 
 the rule de facto B is a past post commander and entitled to the honors incident 
 thereto. 
 
 No. 12. A refusal to permit a comrade to introduce testimony tending to prove a 
 negative of the principal charges and specifications upon which he was court-mar 
 tialed is a fatal error, which cannot be cured, and the decision of the court in such 
 case, if adverse to the accused, should be reversed. 
 
 No. 13. A past post commander was tried by court-martial upon unsigned 
 charges and specifications. Held that the court-martial should have been convened 
 by order of the department commander ; that no objection being taken at the time of 
 trial to the informality of the charges and specifications, the defendant is estopped 
 from objecting after the trial is concluded. In this case, however, the defendant was 
 not served with a copy of the charges and specifications, and it was accordingly held 
 that all proceedings connected with the trial were void. 
 
 No. 14. An officer who was by order of the president dishonorably dismissed 
 from the army, and whose disability to re-enter the army because of such order w r as 
 removed by subsequent order, is eligible to membership in the Grand Army of the 
 Republic. 
 
 No. 15. A trial and conviction by court-martial of a comrade, however unworthy 
 he may be, without notice or without direct testimony proving or tending to prove 
 the charges and specifications, is wholly illegal and void. 
 
 No. 1 6. The suspension of a post does not throw out of membership in the 
 Grand Army of the Republic the comrades of such post, and they, being members, are 
 entitled to all the offices and honors previously earned. If any one of such members 
 is a delegate to the national encampment, member of the council of administration, or 
 past department commander, he is still eligible to occupy such position, noth with 
 standing the suspension of his post. 
 
 No. 17. A soldier was honorably discharged for promotion ; was commissioned 
 and mustered and subsequently dismissed ; again re-enlisted (third time), and after 
 serving his term was honorably discharged. Held, that because of his final honor 
 able discharge he is eligible to membership. 
 
 No. 1 8. A past post commander applied for and received an honorable discharge 
 from the Grand Army of the Republic. He subsequently re-entered the Grand Army 
 of the Republic in another post and claimed the right to sit in the department encamp 
 ment as past post commander of the post from which he received his discharge. Held, 
 that he was not entitled to the honors and privileges of a past post commander. 
 NOTE;. See opinion No. 94, December 5, 1878, p. 128, Opinions of the Grand Army 
 of the Republic. 
 
 No. 19. A special order of the President of the United States, directing that an 
 officer who has been dishonorably dismissed from the service of the United States 
 shall, upon the receipt of a new commission from the Governor of the State from 
 which his regiment came, be again mustered into service and mustered out willi his 
 
66 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 regiment, cures the disability resulting from the officer s dismissal, notwithstanding 
 the fact that before the new commission arrived the regiment was mustered out. 
 
 No. 20. A department encampment not being in session, an appeal from an 
 original act of the department commander, or department council of administration, 
 may be made direct to the commander-in-chief. 
 
 The following opinions were rendered without reference to the judge-advocate- 
 general : 
 
 The Woman s Relief Corps, though auxiliary to the Grand Army of the Republic, 
 is yet a distinct and independent organization, and not subject to the control of any 
 department or post. Any attempt by a post to exercise affirmative jurisdiction over 
 a corps is without authority. Advisory action is the limit of both duty and 
 authority. 
 
 A post may instruct its quartermaster to collect the dues of the post in any proper 
 manner which may be deemed necessary for the best interest of the post. 
 
 A department commander may, with the advice and consent of the council of 
 administration, annul the charter of a post. Sec. 4, art. i, chap. 5, Rules and 
 Regulations. 
 
 The subject of opinion No. 6 requires remark. Suggestions from several sources 
 entitled to respect were made to headquarters in the interest of comrades residing in 
 the Dominion of Canada, who desired the organization of posts of the Grand Army 
 within that jurisdiction. 
 
 Upon examination of our law on the general subject, notwithstanding the prece 
 dent already set within the territory of the King of the Sandwich Islands, by the estab 
 lishment of a post at Honolulu, I was not clear that the authority was sufficient. It 
 also seemed to me that a grave question of policy was involved. The question 
 of authority I submitted to the better judgment of the judge-advocate-general. 
 His affirmative opinion I accept as resolving all doubts in that respect, but the ques 
 tion of policy remains unsolved. 
 
 I have taken no action, believing the matter to be of sufficiently grave import to 
 entitle you to make the decision. 
 
 There is no country save our own within which a disbanded army yet strong 
 enough for conquest could be permitted to band itself together to meet in secret con 
 clave, and to pledge obedience to its own laws. Whether the organization in a 
 foreign country of an integral part of such a force to meet under, and to pledge 
 undying fealty to, the flag and government of another people might not be misun 
 derstood, and excite suspicion, jealousy, and even hostility, seems to me worthy of 
 consideration. I commend to you the suggestion of the judge-advocate-general, that 
 a committee be raised to prepare a simple code for the conduct of court-martial 
 proceedings. 
 
 In the absence of such a code resort is had for guidance to the analogies of the 
 regular military tribunals, and since for our purposes there is no right of compulsion, 
 either as to those detailed for service on our courts or in the matter of the attendance 
 of witnesses, it is easy to promote delay, expense, and the failure of justice. I vent 
 ure one specific suggestion : instead of, as now, a court consisting of not less than 
 five nor more than nine, it would promote economy of both time and money, and, I 
 believe, not endanger justice, to reduce the number to not less than three nor more 
 than five. 
 
 OFFICIAL VISITS. 
 
 I have made twenty official visits during the year. I regret, very much more 
 tha-i I can express, that I was not able to fulfill an earnest wish, with which I began 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 67 
 
 my administration, to be among the comrades of every one of our departments. The 
 fact that many of them held their annual encampments on the same day hindered me 
 in some cases, and in others, where I had agreed to be present, that first duty we owe 
 to our household when sickness assails those especial!} dear, was the sufficient cause 
 of absence. The kindly, loyal, hearty manner with which comrades even-where 
 received me was a source of great gratification, and is with equal heartiness acknowl 
 edged. 
 
 WOMAN S RELIEF CORPS. 
 
 It has been my pleasure during the past year to meet the national officers of the 
 Woman s Relief Corps at Boston, and the officers of a number of its departments. 
 This organization has passed beyond the stage of mere patronage or commendation. 
 It has become a settled auxiliary and recognized agency of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic in all its w r ork of beneficence. Its fame, whether for good or ill, is ours; 
 and the proper administration of its trusts and the accomplishment of its helpful aims 
 are to us, as well as to itself, matter of proper concern. 
 
 Our professions and pledges have gone so far that breach of promise would 
 lie if we should now attempt to ignore the bargain or refuse a dutiful performance of 
 conditions. I do not think there is any wish to do this, nor cause to question the wis 
 dom of our past course toward the corps. I have heard good of it from all quarters ; 
 evil from none. Its growth, both in individual membership and subordinate corps, 
 continues to be satisfactory. 
 
 For the year ending March 3ist last, there were added 12,674 new members and 416 
 corps, making an aggregate at that date of 30,728 members and 888 corps. The 
 expenditure for charity during but three quarters of the past year was (cash) $15,000. 
 How large a work, and how impossible of estimate by money tokens, is done by this 
 organization outside of reported expenditures is easier to understand than to describe. 
 
 I am glad, in this connection, to find the opportunity to say in public a word of 
 explanation with respect to our attitude toward other organizations of women who 
 seek to be useful to the Grand Army. Reading the proclamation of the President of 
 the United States, setting apart a day of public thanksgiving and prayer, and recall 
 ing the fact that there was no national recognition of that day until our arms had won 
 for all a nation s place and name, I conceived it to be a fit occasion on which to com 
 mend to our fellow-citizens at large, and to our comrades of the field who had not yet 
 cast their lot with us, the organization, the purposes and aims of the Grand Army 
 of the Republic, and especially the motives of charity and mercy which so largely 
 enter into its operations. 
 
 In executing such a purpose it was of course impossible to omit mention of the 
 Woman s Relief Corps. Accordingly, in General Orders, Xo. 9, dated on Thanksgiving 
 Day (Nov. 26, 1885), I addressed them " as the only recognized auxiliary of the Grand 
 Army of the Republic. " This particular designation brought to national headquar 
 ters many inquiries and responses from the members and friends of the corps hearty 
 thanks ; from organizations not in alliance with the corps, and from comrades and 
 posts in sympathy with them, protests, and in one case resolutions requesting that 
 the expression to which I have alluded be withdrawn. 
 
 To those who have or will give attention to the record there can be no question 
 that the national encampment has given its recognition to the Woman s Relief Corps, 
 and that it has remained silent as to any other organization ; but I am more than 
 glad to say that no word or act of mine has been intended to belittle in the least the 
 
68 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 work and will of any, by whatever name they may be called, who for love of our 
 cause have become to us sisters of mercy and of charity. 
 
 SONS OF VETERANS. 
 
 Upon due consideration of a report made at Portland by a committee specially 
 constituted at the previous annual encampment to consider our relations to the "Sons 
 of Veterans, " it was resolved to repeal all action giving the official recognition of 
 the national encampment to that organization ; nevertheless the interest felt was evi 
 denced by recommending a consolidation of all their branches into one body, and 
 wishing them " God-speed in their united and patriotic labors." 
 
 It does not occur to me that there was mistake in this action. It recognized 
 the ability and the will of the generation we ourselves have sent to the front to do the 
 duty of patriotism, and it gave to them and to their work the blessing of the heart of 
 the Grand Army. On your behalf I think I may review that benediction. It has 
 occurred to some that this organization of Sons of Veterans " is but an ideal 
 that its basis is sentiment only, and that it might well be dropped out of our material 
 age ; but within a recent period we have heard a voice out of the past glorifying to 
 the ear and commending, by all the motive there is in pride and resentment, to the 
 heart of the young present, not the memory of its dead and living servants alone, but 
 the cause itself over which we seem to have triumphed. 
 
 To the protest voiced here and there that this was unseemly, and a threat against 
 the future peace, apologists have been ready with the soothing answer that though 
 the crowds were great and the shouts were loud, it was only sentiment. But senti 
 ment is a mainspring of human action ; under its propulsion faiths have trampled 
 out other faiths, and wars have raged to the destruction of their millions and to the 
 pulling down of nations. We repeat it whenever our ritual is rightly said, that 
 "eternal vigilance is the price of liberty." We shall be none the less content to 
 vacate our posts if as we fall back through the shadows we see that the picket-line is 
 still manned, and that the uniform is blue. Let us continue to salute our sons as we 
 pass il -ng. 
 
 VETERANS RIGHTS UNION. 
 
 It was the will of the last national encampment that the objects of the "Veterans 
 Rights Union, as then existing in the States of New York and Pennsylvania, be 
 recognized and indorsed to the fullest extent, and the various departments were rec 
 ommended to " institute and perfect similar organizations. A committee was also 
 constituted to present the action of the encampment on that question to the heads of 
 departments at Washington, and urge observance of existing law giving preference 
 " for appointments to civil offices " "to persons honorably discharged from the mili 
 tary and naval service by reason of disability resulting from wounds or sickness 
 incurred in the line of duty." 
 
 The committee assembled and performed its duty. The commendatory action of 
 the encampment was duly promulgated by general order. 
 
 As to what may have resulted from this action I have no official knowledge. I 
 am personally aware that in one department an organization has been effected. That 
 the national "encampment and the Grand Army at large is responsible for whatever 
 may have happened since its indorsement was so unreservedly given, and for what 
 may in the future happen through the instrumentality of the union, is undoubtedly 
 true ; this every comrade should understand. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 69 
 
 The situation is anomalous. For the transaction of a business requiring the 
 greatest possible tact, trenching dangerously near to the line of partisan interest, 
 peculiarly open to the imputation of sordid motive and end, we have given the loan 
 of our great name and greater influence, without retaining the power in the prosecu 
 tion of the ends proposed to name one of the agents, to supervise any of the plans, 
 to call for a report, or to know what is either proposed or accomplished either for or 
 against our peace or honor. 
 
 I submit it to you that there ought to be definition and determination of the 
 extent to which you are willing to stand sponsor for the union. The time to do 
 this is before there shall have been serious complaint, and before the approaching 
 political contests shall be joined, into which our enemies will wish to thrust us, and 
 with which indiscreet friends will be sure to entangle us if afforded but the shadow 
 of an opportunity^. 
 
 PENSIONS. 
 
 Your committee on pensions will on their own behalf make report upon the con 
 dition and prospects of legislation on the subject with which they are charged. 
 
 I desire to acknowledge the ability and industry with which the} 7 have dis 
 charged their duties, and to bear witness that failure thus far to realize all of our just 
 expectations is through no fault or neglect of theirs. There are certain general mat 
 ters of which I may take note without trenching too far on the committee s ground. 
 Failure to accomplish all we aim for seems at times to blot out the memory of the 
 great things worthy of our country that have been done. 
 
 We are citizens as well as veterans ; we are sharers in the responsibilities, in the 
 glory, in the shame, if shame there be, as well as in the benefits that may flow from 
 wise legislation and just administration. I think that, in spite of all failures we ma}- 
 lament, our country has been so great in her generous justice on this very subject of 
 pensions, that it is due we acknowledge it, if but by a statement on our records of 
 the simple aggregates of payment made and the number of the beneficiaries. 
 
 The whole number of persons who, on account of the war of the rebellion, have 
 been borne upon the pension-rolls in the period from 1861 to June 3, 1886, is 561,881. 
 
 The whole amount paid to these persons during that period is $830,840,020.18. 
 
 By the courtesy of comrade Black, commissioner of pensions, I am able to state 
 in advance of the general publication of the result of operations for the period, that 
 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1886, there were issued 81,422 pension certificates, 
 that for the month of June alone there were issued 10,375 certificates, and that for 
 the same fiscal year the payments were $65,747,380. 
 
 The new names added to the rolls foot up 43,166, of which 2,314 were res 
 toration. 
 
 These are great results, and whilst they in no wise turn us aside from pursuing 
 our further just and temperate demands, the}- should end unjust and captious criti 
 cism, whether aimed against the administration of the law or the law itself. 
 
 Our last encampment renewed its recognition of the value to our comrades of 
 the work of the "Army and Navy Survivors Division of the Pension Office," and 
 directed that a general order issue explaining the nature and value of the work done, 
 and inviting the active co-operation of all. 
 
 General Orders, No. 5, current series, was issued in compliance with this man 
 date. I am in receipt of a letter from the commissioner, which will be printed in the 
 report of the adjutant-general, which states that no more than seventy per cent of 
 
70 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 our posts have yet been heard from on this subject, and urging active measures to 
 induce the delinquents to send forward their lists. Too much cannot be said in prai.se 
 of this instrumentality. The name and post-office address of over 700,000 ex-soldiers 
 and sailors have been gathered by it and so arranged with reference to service and 
 organization as to be at the call of any inquirer. To quote from the commissioner s 
 letter: "During the past twelve months 23,302 cases have been supplied with lists of 
 officers and enlisted men, and in many hundreds of these the whole case has hinged 
 upon the evidence of one man, and we frequently find that the one missing link has 
 been waited and searched for, perhaps, for years." For the benefit of applicants 
 144,970 names and addresses have been furnished the past year. 
 
 In response to inquiries sent through national headquarters more than 1,300 
 addresses have been found and furnished. I have several times visited this division 
 of the pension office and been shown the proofs that again and again the meritorious 
 cases of comrades which had lain for years undecided, or perhaps rejected, have been 
 rescued from abandonment and finally allowed through resort to its files. 
 
 I beg to impress upon the encampment that every name furnished is a good work 
 done, and that the neglect of any post to do this easy and costless duty is greatly to 
 be regretted. The establishment of national headquarters at Washington naturally 
 suggested to many comrades, whose cases were delayed, an appeal for aid to the 
 Commander-in-Chief ; such appeals came in large numbers, and they were laid before 
 the comrade commissioner with such suggestion or request as seemed right. 
 
 1 have pleasure in saying that all such cases received the most prompt attention, 
 for which my obligations are due and heartily tendered. 
 
 You will allow me one further suggestion on this general subject : We strive 
 with all good faith to keep a wide distance between all our Grand Army concerns and 
 partisan political action or alliances. It is inevitable that whenever we interest 
 ourselves through any of our acknowledged agencies in pending or proposed legisla 
 tion, we should be subjected to criticism, and by the thoughtless or malignant charged 
 with violating our known professions on that subject. Happily we have thus far 
 escaped giving cause for just complaint. The deliverances of the national encamp 
 ment and the efforts of its committee on pensions have been so wholly devoted to the 
 carrying into effect of existing law, or the enactment of new 1 legislation necessary to 
 make good the plain bargain that there should be indemnity for disability incurred 
 or resulting from the service, and so free from any appearance of seeming to set a 
 price on patriotism, that as a rule the good faith of our acts and purposes has been 
 admitted. 
 
 Heretofore our efforts have been to get legislation ; we are threatened now with a 
 situation that compels us to deprecate some that is proposed professedly in our 
 interest. 
 
 In view of the large sums that would be required to satisfy measures of pension 
 legislation whose passage is now almost assured it has been proposed in the lower 
 house to add to every such bill a taxing clause by which shall be raised the money 
 necessary to discharge the debt created. The source from which this unusual propo 
 sition comes makes it seem serious. 
 
 It is not necessary that the motive of the proposal be at all called in question ; 
 presuming it to be patriotic and well intended it is all the more to be watched and 
 defeated. The pension committee; perceiving the danger, addressed me their letter of 
 July i, 1886, to which I gave currency in General Order, No. 21, current series. I 
 think it a fit subject for the action of the encampment by way of petition or protest. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 71 
 
 Such a policy would be an end of legislation. It would call into activity upon every 
 bill for the benefit of pensioners, or those who should be pensioned, the antagonistic 
 views on taxation and revenue which have divided the economists of the world into 
 hostile camps for 500 years, and which, since the framing of our constitution, have 
 been the chief economic differences lying at the root of party politics in this country ; 
 but if the plan could succeed, and the particular property of our fellow-citizens on 
 which the levies in our favor were to be made singled out, it would be a most ungra 
 cious thing to do. Why set the veteran at a side table whilst all his fellow-citizens 
 gather at an unstinted board? Why compel each taxpayer to know just what he con 
 tributes to a given pension fund, and arm him, if unfriendly, with a receipt to be 
 flaunted in the faces of beneficiaries he never liked? Why, for the first time in all 
 our history, and against our best traditions, create a class by law, and why make the 
 maimed bodies and iinwelcome necessities of our unfortunate comrades the text for 
 political discourse, whether by demagogue or statesman. 
 
 Self-respect will justify a sturdy protest, and our united voice will win attention. 
 
 MEMORIAL DAY. 
 
 The occurrence, the present year, of Memorial Day on the first day of the week, 
 commonly called Sunday, brought to the national headquarters many complaints 
 against the provision of our rules which in such cases prescribe that our observances 
 shall take place on the following Monday, except where by legal enactment the 
 preceding day is made a legal holiday. There was a very general though not unan 
 imous wish expressed that Saturday be made the day of observance. In some local 
 ities Saturday was observed, notwithstanding the rule to the contrary, and in a few 
 cases against the clear letter of our law and to the disquiet of many comrades and 
 friends posts held their services on Sunday. \Ve shall all agree that nothing should 
 be left undone to insure the most harmonious and perfect discharge of the duties of 
 that day. To me, and I believe to many of you, and to a vast throng of our fellow- 
 citizens, it will seem that there is not a purpose or thing connected with the ceremo 
 nial doings of Memorial Day that is not in tune with the highest ideals of the 
 Sabbath entertained either by the reasonable Christian or the eager devotee ; but 
 there is a minority of our most sincere friends to whom any departure from the old 
 paths seems a cause of stumbling and offense, and for their sakes, as well as out of 
 respectful deference and gratitude to those austerely just men who, with the Puritan 
 Sabbath, gave us as well the liberty of law as distinguished from the liberty of 
 anarch}-, we can find it an agreeable duty to so amend our law as that neither the 
 observances themselves nor preparation for them shall trench on the Lord s day. 
 Amendments to our rules which will accomplish this end have been duly proposed. 
 I commend them for favorable action. 
 
 It is my most grateful task now to report that never since the happy inspiration 
 came upon the Grand Army to set apart a day for the honor of our dead comrades 
 has Memorial Day been so fully, so heartily, and so reverently observed as upon the 
 occasion of its latest celebration. In all places in the always loyal States where the 
 dust of our dead is gathered, there came the tread of their comrades to testify their 
 undying fraternity ; and there came as well the throng of fellow-citizens, the old who 
 remembered the strife and the young who had learned its lessons, to signify for them 
 selves and for their country their sense of the service done. In the earlier, days we 
 anxiously asked each other the question, whether this ceremonial would outlast the 
 Grand Army ; whether, when none of the veteran hosts were left to lead the column 
 
72 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 to the tombs, there would be any to take up the march ? I think the manifestly 
 growing interest exhibited from year to year justifies the belief that another holiday 
 has been permanently added to the calendar, and that so long as men love liberty the 
 song of the birds in spring shall be summons to this nation to gather the flowers and 
 bestow them in blessing on the graves of our dead. 
 
 IN MEMORIAM. 
 
 During the past year the Great Reaper has gathered from our Grand Army field 
 3,020 comrades and veterans because of that relation of fraternity which binds 
 each to the other and all to each, and so forms the brotherhood which is the Grand 
 Arm}- of the Republic, the vacant place of him, unknown beyond his squad in war 
 and nameles outside of the village limit where he died, leaves as great a rent in our 
 dissolving ranks as does the departure of that few each from his place for whom 
 all bells give forth their muffled sound, and whose names are on all men s lips. 
 Assembled in national encampment, and representing all who live, I know that you 
 will lend me your hearts and bid me speak from them a farewell salutation to such, 
 and all who, since we last assembled, have taken shelter in 
 
 Those low green tents 
 
 Whose curtains never outward swing. 
 
 But we have our prides, and it is our pleasure to testify our respect, our admira 
 tion, and our veneration for some special names who were comrades of the field or are 
 bound to us by the ties of this great association. 
 
 The second general order which it fell to my lot to issue announced the death of 
 Past Commander-in- Chief, the Rev. William Earnshaw. He was the seventh in the 
 order of election and service of your Commanders-in-Chief ; he is the third to be 
 called away. It was not my pleasure to know him personally, but from those who 
 had associations with him the verdict is that he was a just man and true, who, serving 
 God in His ministry, selected a field of labor which brought him among his less for 
 tunate comrades, and that with all faithfulness he sought their happiness whilst liv 
 ing, and with equal devotion consoled their dying hour. It will be the duty and 
 pleasure of the encampment to give proper expression to our regrets for the loss of 
 this comrade. 
 
 M CIvEIXAN, HANCOCK, GRANT. 
 
 The year has been singular for its closing of great accounts. Of the command 
 ers of the matchless Army of the Potomac all now are gone. It is yet a great host. 
 It is a host on either side of the star-lit line, but the standards of the leaders are all 
 beyond. Last of all to sheathe his sword at the call of the "All-Conqueror " was 
 him who shaped its first rude mass into that finished blade which, though sometimes 
 beat down, yet never lost its edge or temper, and under w r hose blow at last the great 
 est of the leaders and of the armies of the rebellion submitted to the mercy of their 
 outraged country. I shall do the greatest honor of which I am capable to the memory 
 of our comrade, George B. McClellan, if I but remind you that they who composed 
 the armies he commanded through success and in adversity loved his person, believed 
 in his patriotism, and trusted his leadership. 
 
 I may mention another of this year s harvest. He was not one of the command 
 ers of the Army of the Potomac, but he was the soldier whose presence told his com 
 rades that more than the knightly glories of ancient days lived again to lead their 
 column. He was the right arm, the flaming sword, the first and last reliance in 
 even- supreme hour of those who did command. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 73 
 
 If in that far-off future of prophetic promise, when wars shall be no more, 
 when all the long past shall be forgot or seem to be only fable, some Phydias of his 
 day shall seek to fashion from the marble the very armor of a warrior soul, to show 
 his fellows in the speaking stone the very front and mien of battle, his inspired hand 
 will chisel out the face and form of Winfield Scott Hancock. 
 
 In the first hour of the encampment assembling at Portland, your eager hearts 
 dictated the dispatch of words of profound sympathy to our suffering and dying com 
 rade, Ulysses S. Grant, the late Commander-in-Chief of the armies of the United 
 States. Before another month passed by he had joined the company of the dead, by 
 whom the door of life is opened, and his nams was shining on the roll of the immor 
 tals which the thanks of the rescued, the homage of all who love liberty, and the 
 gratitude of an unbroken country had rendered fadeless forever. 
 
 HDW grand the concourse, how unmatched the throng, how worthy of him and of 
 his country was that funeral train which bore his body to the place of rest, some of 
 you saw and all have heard. 
 
 It seemed to me that I might well on that occasion, in company with the national 
 staff, take place officially at the head of such departments and comrades as might 
 assemble. 
 
 Accordingly, the banner which symbolizes the authority of the national encamp 
 ment, drapsd for a comrade as well as for the greatest and best-loved soldier and citi 
 zen of his age, was carried at the front of your column on that memorable day. 
 
 The position assigned to the Grand Army in the line of march was most honor 
 able, and at its close it was our happiness to hear pronounced by the comrades of Post 
 No. i, of Philadelphia, of which he was a member, those last farewells contained in 
 our simple ritual for the dead. 
 
 GRANT MEMORIAL FUND. 
 
 There is no testimony to the strengthening force of our institutions upon the 
 self-reliant, self-respecting individuality of the citizen greater than that evidenced by 
 voluntary association, and some measure of proud self-sacrifice for the accomplish 
 ment of purposes dear to him, which in other lands would be considered the sole duty 
 of the State. Individual gratitude, State pride, and national honor have combined 
 through all the ages, in lands Christian and Pagan, to set up, but by the hand of 
 authority, mementoes of their heroes dead. 
 
 The mounds of mother earth, heaped and shaped by the toil of men, which here 
 and there dot our land, testify that the myriad feet who trod our shores in the ages all 
 forgot felt this inspiration. There is no more touching melody in bronze than that 
 statue of Abraham Lincoln, with its hand stretched out in blessing over the head of 
 a kneeling slave, from whom the shackles have just fallen off, paid for out of the first 
 money earned by the emancipated race. 
 
 The Society of the Army of the Cumberland, by its contributions, have erected 
 to their best-loved leader, Gen. Geo. H. Thomas, an equestrian statue at the cost of 
 $50,000. 
 
 To Gen. James B. McPherson the Society of the Army of the Tennessee has 
 raised a like memorial at the cost of $23,500. 
 
 Upon the death of our comrade Grant, the noble spirit of commemoration was 
 evoked in many parts of our land. In several jurisdictions municipal and individual 
 efforts were put forth to obtain the means necessary for raising some token of admi 
 ration and gratitude. At the place of his interment proposals for a monument, grand 
 
74 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 and costly, were put forth, and an association was organized for prosecuting the work 
 of collection. 
 
 It seemed to many of our discreet comrades, as it did to me, that over and above 
 any other association of citizens the Grand Army of the Republic would find it in its 
 heart and in accord with its just pride and purpose, on behalf of its individual mem 
 bership, and on behalf of its organized whole, to set up at the national capital, where 
 resides the majesty of the whole people, a memorial of Grant that should be worthy 
 of him and worthy of themselves, and that should thus weave together in death the 
 fame they together won in life. 
 
 I accordingly, on the i4th day of September, 1885, issued circular No. i, invit 
 ing, in terms that are familiar to you, the co-operation of my comrades for the end 
 proposed. At its first meeting the executive committee of the council of adminis 
 tration gave the proposed plan its approval. Not without a. feeling of regret, I was 
 soon made aware that in some quarters it was felt that this movement might be 
 detrimental to the success of other wishes and purposes. I thought the Grand Army 
 could wait, withholding all occasion for offense. Except, therefore, the distribution 
 of blank lists for the record of the names of contributing comrades, no special efforts 
 have been made to collect the fund; but, notwithstanding, 31 departments have con 
 tributed $4,627.86. This, though not great in amount, is a noble beginning for a 
 noble purpose. Best of all, it is the heart offering of 30,852 comrades, whose feet 
 know the roads over which he led them to victory, and whose hearts were sore when 
 he died. Your attention is invited to the statement of the account as furnished by 
 the quartermaster- general. 
 
 There is no reason now, substantial or sentimental, why the proposed work 
 should not go forward. I have it from the lips of his oldest born that the proposal 
 meets the hearty concurrence of those who in life were nearest and dearest to him. 
 There are no encumbrances of plan or method to stand in the way of this national 
 encampment taking and molding the work to its will. To that end I refrained from 
 appointing the committee proposed in the circular to determine upon plan and place 
 and methods. 
 
 We applaud the fitness of the work of the Societies of the Army of the Tennessee 
 and the Cumberland in doing honor to themselves by honoring their McPherson and 
 Thomas. The Grand Army of the Republic, the great whole of all the conquering 
 host, can find nowhere on the roll of fame a name fit for their garland save only his 
 who commanded all, and -to whom at last came the homage of every heart. 
 
 Out of your surplus fund you could well add to the good beginning already 
 made, and thus send out with your invitation for renewed efforts by the posts the 
 proofs of hearty co-operation. 
 
 I commend this work of love to you. 
 
 Comrades, it is no small thing to have stood by your choice at the head of the 
 Grand Army of the Republic. Unique in conception, illustrious in achievement 
 the breath of patriotism, the color-guard of liberty, and the very bulwark of equality 
 and law no history of this great age will be complete without large space devoted 
 to the elucidation of the lesson the mere existence of such an institution teaches. I 
 have not been able to add aught to its glory, but by your help I have successfully 
 striven to maintain it in its high place; its standards have not been lowered. 
 
 All as God wills, a little more than one hundred years ago, on these plains and in 
 these valleys, the devoted servants of the martyr church gathered the thronging 
 natives under consecrated domes, made on them the sacred sign, and taught their feet 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 75 
 
 to march in tune with the vesper bells. They drank the wine of gladness from vines 
 they had taught their dark-skinned Neophytes to dress, they voiced their thanks 
 givings to the Most High, that, as they thought, they had added another to the 
 Christian peoples who should forever "walk before the Lord." We know they only 
 taught the tribes to sing their funeral song and shrived a people for its burial. The 
 requiem was not quite sung out when the purpose which sought to wrest from Mexico 
 territory fit for the empire of slavery began to take shape. Its hope and expectation 
 were fixed upon this shore as well as upon the Rio Grande ; but out of the shining 
 sands, out of its hiding-place, since ever nature gave it birth, sprang the gleam and 
 the lure of the gold, and the rushing feet of freemen trampled out alike the remnant 
 of the ancient race and domination, and broke in fragments the conspiracy against 
 liberty. The victory of the men of 1848-49, which gave to California the status of a 
 free State, set in full play those antagonisms which made Abraham Lincoln President 
 of these United States, called Grant and Sherman, and all the grand company whose 
 remnant we are, to do battle for their country, and sent the echo of the song of freedom 
 from 4,000,000 of mouths to gladden all the winds that blow. 
 
 Hail, California ! It was not ordained that thy cloudless skies should mirror 
 from valley, field, or mine the toiler under the lash, but that thy sun should kiss for 
 ever only the daughters of the free. We who were the hand of Providence to make 
 sure this great consummation, standing within your gates and catching the notes of 
 your gladness, will sing together our country s anthem, and believe that its echo shall 
 be as fadeless as those imperial dyes which gild your mountain-tops. 
 
 THE COMMITTEES OF THE ENCAMPMENT WERE ANNOUNCED AS FOLLOWS : 
 
 The committee on resolutions was appointed as follows : Henry B. Peirce, 
 Massachusetts ; John Vaughn, Arkansas ; Stuart Taylor, California ; E. H. Webb, 
 Colorado ; W. A. Simons, Connecticut ; E. L. Wells, Dakota ; W. S. McXair, Dela 
 ware ; E. W. Henck, Florida ; Jesse E. Scott, Gulf; J. G. Everest, Illinois ; T. W. 
 Bennett, Indiana ; Samuel Cooper, Iowa ; M. Stewart, Kansas ; D. O Reilly, Ken 
 tucky ; E. M. Shaw, Maine ; Robert X. Scarlett, Maryland ; Oscar A. Jones, Mich 
 igan ; Albert Scheffer, Minnesota ; W. J. Terrell, Missouri ; W. F. Sanders, Montana ; 
 B. F. Smith, Nebraska; Daniel M. White, New Hampshire ; George B. Fielder, New 
 Jersey ; E. S. Stover, New Mexico ; G. S. Conger, New York ; L. D. Woodworth, 
 Ohio ; G. E. Caukins, Oregon ; J. P. S. Gobin, Pennsylvania ; Daniel A. Grosvenor, 
 Potomac ; Henry R. Barker, Rhode Island ; James Chamberlin, Tennessee and 
 Georgia; O. T. Lyon, Texas; Eli H. Murray, Utah ; Henry Ballard, Wisconsin ; 
 Charles E. Hewins, Virginia ; A. M. Brooks, Wyoming Territory ; J. S. Ruhle, West 
 Virginia ; E. B. Gray, Wisconsin. 
 
 Following is the committee on credentials: John Cameron, adjutant-general; 
 H. E. Tainter, Connecticut; H. G. Hicks, Minnesota; S. W. Lane, Maine; John C. 
 Linehan, New Hampshire. 
 
 The committee on commander-in-chief s address is as follows: Lucius Fair- 
 child, Wisconsin ; G. W. F. Vernon, Maryland ; Thos. C. Fullerton, Illinois ; David 
 N. Foster, Indiana ; John P. Rea, Minnesota. 
 
 The committee on adjutant-general s report is : Thos. J. Stewart, Pennsyl 
 vania ; L. B. Hill, Maine ; O. F. Lockhead, Michigan ; A. C. Monroe, Massachusetts; 
 H. P. Thompson, Illinois. 
 
76 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 On judge-ad vocate-general s report the committee is as follows : Geo. S. Mer 
 rill, Massachusetts ; A. J. Sampson, Colorado ; Chas. D. Long, Michigan ; Chas. A. 
 Orr, New York ; Thos. Boles, Arkansas. 
 
 The committee on inspector-general s report is composed of: S. P. Ford, Cali 
 fornia ; C. E. Whitsitt, Indiana ; W. H. Webster, Potomac ; Charles M. Holton, 
 Washington Territory ; J. R. Van Syckel, New Jersey. 
 
 The committee on quartermaster-general s report is : S. B. Jones, Nebraska ; 
 George B. Creamer, Maryland ; George W. King, Delaware ; E. H. Sawyer, Colorado ; 
 Phil. Cheek, Jr., Wisconsin. 
 
 The committee on rules, regulations and ritual is as follows : R. B. Beath, 
 Pennsylvania ; D. R. Austin, Ohio ; C. C. Royce, Potomac ; N. P. Chipman, Califor 
 nia ; John McNeil, Missouri. 
 
 ADJUTANT-GENERAL S REPORT. 
 
 John Cameron, adjutant-general, reported as follows: On March 31, 1886, 38 
 departments reported 5,765 posts and 295,337 members in good standing, a net gain 
 for the year of 739 posts and 25,643 members. 
 
 The following shows the strength of the several departments, and the gains of 
 each in posts and membership between March 31, 1885, and March 31, 1886 : 
 
 Members in good standing March 31, 1885, 269,694 ; gained by muster, 60,663 > 
 gained by transfer, 6, 194 ; gained by reinstatement, 26,282; gained by delinquent 
 reports, 9,047, Total gain, 102,186. Aggregate, 371,880. 
 
 Loss by death, 3,020; loss by honorable discharge, 2,235; loss by dishonorable 
 discharge, 483; loss by transfer, 8,510; loss by suspension, 54,146; loss b} delin 
 quent reports, 8,149. Total loss, 76,543. Members in good standing March 31, 
 1886, 295,337. 
 
 Total number remaining suspended, 27,412 ; total number by delinquent reports, 
 3,750; number of posts reported March 31, 1885, 5,026; number of posts reported 
 March 31, 1886, 5,765 ; net gain in membership during the year (in good standing), 
 25,643 ; net gain in posts during the year, 739. 
 
 The following shows the amount reported as expended by each department dur 
 ing the past year : 
 
 Arkansas, $429.90; California, $2,541.87; Colorado, $2,087.34; Connecticut, 
 $5,111.19; Dakota, $860.93; Delaware, $220.67; Florida, $45.50; Gulf, $105.50; 
 Illinois, $5,567.30; Indiana, $4,129.66; Iowa, $2,638.05; Kansas, $6,174.34; Ken 
 tucky, - ; Maine, $3,918.58; Massachusetts, $37,091.92; Maryland, $1,723.05; 
 Michigan, $5,005.95; Minnesota, $2,366.87; Missouri, $2,231.03; Montana, $249.10; 
 Nebraska, $1,378.74; New Hampshire, $4,298.78; New Jersey, $5,582.26; New 
 Mexico, $177.05; New York, $33,518.17; Ohio, $10,102.64; Oregon, $387.55 ; Penn 
 sylvania, $30,086.10; Potomac, $1,303.76; Rhode Island, $946.08; Tennessee and 
 Georgia, $95.60 ; Texas, $43.05 ; Utah, $347.20 ; Vermont, $973.37 ; Virginia, $144.55 ; 
 Washington Territory, $369.35 ; West Virginia, $298.02 ; Wisconsin, $3,708.85. Total, 
 $176,259.87. Total amount disbursed July, 1871, to March 31, 1886, $1,173,688.60. 
 
 QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL S REPORT. 
 
 The usual reports of the quartermaster-general, inspector-general, and judge- 
 advoc.ite-general were presented and referred to their appropriate committees. The 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 77 
 
 address of the Commander-in-Chief covers most of the important points in the two 
 first named. That of Judge-advocate-general Grosvenor contains a number of very 
 important decisions affecting the interests of the Grand Army. Several of them 
 involve questions of court-martial, and among his recommendations was the fol 
 lowing : 
 
 I think it would be well if some system were adopted regulating the whole 
 subject of charges and specifications and trials by court-martial, a system which 
 would be of uniform operation throughout all the departments. As the matter stands 
 now, each department seems to regulate these matters in its own way, and, as a 
 result, some incongruity and certain inconsistencies have grown up. It might be 
 well to have a committee of the national encampment appointed to prepare and 
 submit at the next annual encampment a brief, simple, and easily understood pro 
 cedure. Especially is this matter important to define the jurisdiction of the several 
 authorities authorized by the rules and regulations to order prosecutions and trials 
 by court-martial. 
 
 Corporal Tanner, of New York, obtained the floor by unanimous consent, and 
 said : I hold in my hand a letter from Colonel Fred D. Grant, containing a request to 
 this encampment that he be allowed to become a member of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic. The letter is as follows : 
 
 ELBEROX, N. J., July 25, 1886. 
 Dear Corporal Tanner : Your letter asking me to give you data has been received. 
 
 I was with my father when he assumed command of the Twenty-first Illinois 
 Infantry in 1861 at Springfield. I went with him when he marched across the State, 
 and I am a member of the Twenty-first Illinois Veteran Association in my oiun right. 
 I returned home soon after the Twenty-first entered the State of Missouri, and 
 rejoined General Grant at Cairo, going with him upon the Forts Henry and Donelson 
 campaign. I was sent home before the fall of Fort Donelson, and so prevented from 
 being under fire. 
 
 The next place \vhere I joined my father was at Memphis, Tenn., and I went 
 with him to Corinth, Miss., where he assumed the command of the Department of 
 West Tennessee, Halleck having been made general-in-chief. I remained with Gen 
 eral Grant until the fall of 1862, when I returned home. 
 
 In the spring of 1863 I joined the army again, at Young s Point and Milliken s, 
 Louisiana. I accompanied my father, acting as aide-de-camp, during the Vicksburg 
 campaign, participating in the battles of the campaign, including the naval battle at 
 Grand Gulf, fought April 29, 1863. I was slightly wounded in the left thigh at the 
 battle of Black River Bridge, May 17, 1863. I was with the army during both the 
 assaults made on Vicksburg, and I believe both General Sherman and General Logan 
 remember having seen me there. I am and have been for some years a member of the 
 Association of the Army of the Tennessee. My membership is in my own right 
 not inherited and no one but an officer who served with the Army of the Tennessee 
 can be a member of that association. 
 
 Upon the 8th of July, 1863, I was sent north by my father on account of an ill 
 ness brought on by exposure and an injury received during the campaign. General 
 Grant obtained a leave of absence because of my illness in January, 1864, and went 
 to St. Louis, expecting to find me, as was the case, at death s door. (See page no, 
 volume II, " Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant.") 
 
 I rejoined my father again, upon my recovering, at Nashville, and accompanied 
 him to Washington, when he was made lieutenant-general. I did not stay with the 
 army during the Wilderness campaign, but was with it during the siege of Richmond 
 and Petersburg a great deal of the time. I was never in any great battle with the 
 Army of the Potomac, but was under fire with it many times between June 15, 1864, 
 and April 3, 1865. 
 
 I do not assume great credit for services during the war, although I gladly did 
 all that was possible for one of my years, and that with my father s sanction. I am 
 
78 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 willing and glad to refer to these services upon my father s staff, if my so doing will 
 enable me to join an organization which I honor, composed of the veterans who, 
 under the directions of General Grant, brought peace to a continent and freedom to 
 an enslaved race. 
 
 My father took a just pride in his old soldier comrades, and his son earnestly 
 hopes to be recognized as one of them. Sincerely yours, 
 
 F. D. GRANT. 
 
 The communication was referred to the committee on rules and regulations. 
 The encampment then took a recess until 2 p. M. 
 
 AFTERNOON SESSION. 
 
 The encampment reasembled at three o clock. 
 
 The committee on credentials presented a report with a resolution recommend 
 ing : That all delegates elected by the department councils of administration to fill 
 vacancies be declared null and void and that only those delegates and alternates 
 elected at the regular meetings of the department encampments be entitled to seats. 
 The report was signed by Adjutant-General Cameron, Taintor, of Connecticut, Lane of 
 Maine, and lyinehan, of New Hampshire. Hicks, of Minnesota, had refused to sign 
 the report, and when the motion came up he made a vehement protest against it, as 
 an injustice to many departments, some of whose delegates had been elected by the 
 councils of administration, and had come to the encampment at great expense, expect 
 ing to have seats and votes therein. He was followed by Conger, of Ohio, Palmer, of 
 New York, and Rea, of Minnesota. Then Taintor, a member of the committee, made 
 a vigorous and able argument in favor of the report. Fish, of Minnesota, entered the 
 protest of his department against the measure. It cropped out that the whole trouble 
 arose with the New York delegation, which is divided. It seems that several of the 
 alternates duly elected at the department encampment came to San Francisco expect 
 ing to have seats, but found that the places of absent delegates had been filled bvnew 
 elections. Comrade Tanner, of New York, made a pungent argument in favor of the 
 report, and was followed by Commander Sayles of the same department, who was just 
 as earnest in his opposition. Chipman, of California, who is past judge-advocate- 
 general, argued in favor of the report and announced that he had delivered an opinion 
 in his official capacity that such elections were illegal. In this position he was sus 
 tained by Judge-advocate-general Grosvenor, who followed him. 
 
 Campbell, of Kansas, made a stirring speech, calling attention to the sweeping 
 character of the resolution, and while opposing the election of any comrade as a 
 delegate to fill a vacancy while there were alternates ready and willing to serve, he 
 favored th2 admission of those elected after the list of alternates had been exhausted. 
 
 Wicks, of Minnesota, offered a resolution to the effect that the delegates should 
 be admitted, but it was not considered. 
 
 Dunn, of Delaware, stated that every delegate and alternate of his department 
 had resigned, and that the places of the delegates had been filled by the council of 
 administration before leaving home. He made a stirring appeal for justice. He 
 was followed by Dorsey, of New Mexico, in the same strain. The question was 
 discussed at length, many members striving in vain to secure the floor, and many 
 points of order being raised and decided. Finally Palmer, of New York, moved that 
 the report be recommitted to the committee, with instructions that it is the sense of 
 the encampment that no new delegate should be elected until after the list of alter 
 natives is exhausted. The motion was adopted with but few dissenting votes. This 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 79 
 
 virtually settled the question, and the delegates so elected breathed freer. Nearly 
 every department had some of its representatives in that position, and an adoption of 
 the committee s report would have resulted in much disappointment. 
 
 A large number of communications were received from departments and individ 
 uals, and referred to the committee on resolutions without reading. Loring, of Mas 
 sachusetts, submitted a resolution indorsing the bill now pending in Congress 
 providing for a pension of eight dollars a month for every soldier who served sixty days 
 or more. He asked that it be not referred to the pension committee, as it had already 
 passed upon the matter. Past Commander-in-Chief Merrill, of the pension committee, 
 seconded Loring s request, as he said that his committee had already expressed its 
 disapproval of the pending bill. It was then referred to the committee on resolutions. 
 
 Department Commander Sayles, of New York, in behalf of the department of 
 New York, presented to the department of California a magnificent banner and an 
 album containing the photographs of the present commander of New York and his 
 staff, the past department commanders, and the present past commanders. 
 
 Comrade Smedberg, of California, responded appropriately to the presentation, 
 and then, on behalf of the DeLong Post of Honolulu, presented the national encamp 
 ment with a handsome gavel and case made of native woods of the Sandwich Islands. 
 
 The encampment then adjourned until the following morning, August 5th, at 10 
 o clock. 
 
 SECOND DAY. 
 
 The encampment met at 10 A. M. 
 
 Harper, of Pennsylvania, read the report of the council of administration, setting 
 forth the action of the council during the year pertaining to the executive department 
 of the order. 
 
 Storrie, of Pennsylvania, moved the adoption of the report, and the motion was 
 carried and the recommendations approved. The matters recommended by the council 
 are all treated of in the Commander-in-Chief s address. 
 
 A proposition to pay the members of the council not exceeding $100 for expenses 
 on the present trip was voted down. 
 
 Letters were read from the Past Commander-in-Chief, John C. Robinson, and 
 also Past Commander-in-Chief Louis Wagner, regretting their inability to be present 
 at the encampment. 
 
 The following telegram from Grand Rapids was read : 
 
 S. S. Burdett, Commander-in-Chief, G. A. R.: The disabled comrades of the 
 Michigan Soldiers Home send greetings to their comrades of the national encamp 
 ment. SAMUEL WELLS. 
 
 The committee on credentials reported that they had revised the list of delegates, 
 as instructed by the encampment yesterday, and that the list as it now stood was sat 
 isfactory to all the departments. 
 
 The committee on rules and regulations, by its chairman, Beath, of Pennsylvania, 
 submitted its report, which was taken up and passed upon by sections. 
 
 The report of the committee and the action thereon was as follows : 
 
 To the national encampment : Your committee on rules, regulations, and ritual 
 report on the propositions for changes in the rules and regulations as presented in 
 circular No. 5 from national headquarters, as follows : 
 
80 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 DEPARTMENT COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION. 
 
 On recommendation from department of Maine to amend section i, article 5, 
 chapter iii. , by adding the words : "Provided, That the department encampment may 
 elect annually to serve for two years, two of the five members of the council of admin 
 istration named in section 2, article 4, of this chapter." 
 
 We report negatively. Each department can retain its experienced members of 
 council by re-electing them as often as may be deemed expedient. 
 
 The report of the committee was adopted. 
 
 MEETINGS OF THE NATIONAL ENCAMPMENT. 
 
 Recommended from the department of Maine as follows : To amend section i , 
 article 3, chapter iv., by striking out the words "the second Wednesday in May and 
 the first Wednesday in September, " and inserting instead the words " April and 
 November, so that said section shall read as follows : 
 
 SECTION i . The stated meeting of the national encampment shall be held annually 
 between April and November, as maybe fixed by the Commander-in-Chief, by consent 
 of the council of administration, and at such place as shall have been determined at 
 the previous stated meeting. 
 
 We report adversely. 
 
 Winters, of Nashville I object to that. The time is coming now when the section 
 occupied by the Grand Army of the Republic is widening from the North to the South. 
 The encampments are being held now between the months of May and September, 
 and that is proper enough, so long as they are held in the North, but in the event that 
 the encampment is held in the South, the time should be extended so that it may be 
 held either in May or in October on account of the extreme heat. It is time that the 
 South was being recognized, and I beg that you will place the time so that we can 
 have the encampment in the South. Place it between April and November, then we 
 will either have it in May when the flowers are in bloom, or in September or in 
 October when the.trees are loaded with fruit. Let us extend the time. It will injure 
 no one, and if it is determined to hold the encampment in the North no harm will be 
 done. 
 
 Dorsey, of New Mexico The proposed change is so that the Southern States may 
 at some time, somewhere, and under some circumstances have a meeting of this 
 encampment. If you of the Northern States were familiar with the difficulties that 
 our friends of the South labor under, you would certainly be in favor of letting this 
 encampment go there once, at least, while our organization is at the summit of its 
 power and influence. 
 
 Allen, of Virginia, moved as a substitute for the report of the committee that the 
 proposition referred to the committee for consideration be adopted, and that motion 
 was carried by the required two-thirds vote. 
 
 ADJOURNMENT. 
 
 Presented by past Commander-in-Chief Robert B. Beath. 
 The following amendments to the rules and regulations are offere 1 : 
 Chapter ii., article 5, add as section 4 : 
 
 Posts may by by-laws or rules of order provide for an adjournment of post meet 
 ings before completing the order of business prescribed in the ritual. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 81 
 
 We report favorably and recommend its adoption. The adoption of this amend 
 ment annuls opinion 85, dated February 27, 1878, and opinion 103. dated May 6, 
 1879 (to the effect that a motion to adjourn is not in order). 
 
 The report was adopted without debate. 
 
 APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP. 
 
 Presented by Past Commander-in-Chief Beath, to amend chapter ii., article 2, by 
 adding to section 2. 
 
 An application favorably reported by the committee may be withdrawn by a 
 majority vote of the post before ballot, upon request of the applicant or of the com 
 rade presenting his application. 
 
 The adoption of this amendment annuls opinion 89, dated August 2, 1878 (18 b.), 
 and opinion 138, dated September 15, 1862 (18 b.). 
 
 We report favorably and recommend their adoption. 
 
 Adopted. 
 
 MEMORIAL DAY. 
 
 First Presented by Comrade Gibson, past department commander Potomac. 
 
 Amend article 14, chapter v., "Memorial Day, " so that the last clause shall read 
 as follows : When such days occur on Sunday, the preceding day shall be observed, 
 except where, b}" legislative enactment, the succeeding da} is made a legal holiday, 
 when such day shall be observed. 
 
 Second Presented by department of Ohio. 
 
 To amend article 14, chapter v., rules and regulations, so as to read as follows : 
 Memorial Day The national encampment hereby establishes a Memorial Day to be 
 observed by the members of the Grand Army of the Republic, on the 3oth da} of 
 May, annually, in commemoration of the deeds of our fellow-comrades. 
 
 When such day occurs on Sunday the preceding day shall be observed. 
 
 We recommend the adoption of the amendment proposed by Commander Gibson, 
 with the substitution of the word legislative for legal enactment. 
 
 W T e recommend that in departments where the day following Sunday is now 
 observed by legislative enactment the law in such States should be made to conform 
 to this amendment. 
 
 Chipman, of California One word upon that. At present the legislation of the 
 different States, while it declares Memorial Day to be a legal holiday, in some cases 
 provides that when a legal holiday occurs on Sunday all duties to be performed on 
 that day shall be performed on the preceding day, and in other States upon the suc 
 ceeding day. In some of our States, at least one, the State of Rhode Island, I 
 believe, our Memorial Day is mentioned in the act of the legislature, and I understand 
 also in Pennsylvania. W T e have provided that where the legislature has not fixed 
 our Memorial Day to be on Monday, when the 3oth of May occurs on Sunday, it shall 
 be the preceding day, and we recommend that comrades in those States may take 
 steps to have their legislation changed so that the date will be uniform and hereafter 
 be on the preceding day instead of the succeeding one. 
 
 Kiefer, of Connecticut I object to this matter. I think it is mixing things up 
 too much entirely. I think we ought to adopt one day, and I should be in favor of 
 having the last Sunday in the month adopted. If we adopt Saturday, for instance, 
 how many of our comrades have the time to spare ? There are a great many comrades 
 who are in business and cannot get away, and will not close up their stores in the 
 
82 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 afternoons of Saturdays. I would therefore move to substitute the last Sunday in 
 the month of May to be observed as Memorial Da}-. I think it is the sanctity of the 
 day which we should look at. If we have it on week days it will be nothing but holi 
 day, and not a holy day. I believe it is one of the most holy days in this nation, 
 and should be observed properly. 
 
 Bennet, of Indiana I think Decoration Day ought to come every year on the 
 3oth day of May, let that be whatever day of the week it may be. It will only come 
 on Sunday every few years, and just as certain as you undertake to fix another day 
 one-half the posts will have it on Sunday, if Sunday is the 3oth. Why not have it 
 the 3oth day of May and prevent all this confusion ? I offer that as an amendment to 
 the amendment, that we fix the 3oth day of May as Decoration Day, and let every 
 Monday and Wednesday take care of itself. 
 
 The motions were all voted down and the recommendations of the committee 
 adopted. 
 
 POST QUARTERMASTER. 
 
 Presented by department of Nebraska : 
 
 To amend section i, article 7, chapter ii., by inserting the word "Quartermaster," 
 following the word " Adjutant, making that an appointive office instead of an elect 
 ive one. 
 
 We report adversely. 
 
 This proposition elicited some discussion, the point being made that an appointed 
 quartermaster would be more effective in the collection of delinquent dues, the 
 responsibility being thrown upon the post commander. A division was called for on 
 the vote, and it stood 217 to 132, not the necessa^ two-thirds, and the proposition 
 was therefore lost. 
 
 TACTICS. 
 
 Presented by comrade James E. Shellenberger, of post No. 150, department of 
 Ohio. 
 
 That the following be added to the rules and regulations : 
 
 Tactics That the system of tactics for use in the posts of the G. A. R. shall be 
 that adopted and in use by the army of the United States. (Upton s Tactics.) 
 
 Your committee do not recommend the adoption of any system of tactics by this 
 national encampment. 
 
 The recommendation of the committee was adopted without debate. 
 
 Feighan, of Kansas, made an ineffectual attempt to get a recess until 3 o clock. 
 The encampment .did not seem disposed to take matters quite so easily as it had, 
 and continued the work on the report. 
 
 ARREARAGES. 
 
 Several amendments were presented to sections 3 and 4, article 4, chapter v. 
 
 Presented by the department of Pennsylvania. 
 
 Amend chapter v., article 4, section 3, to read as follows : 
 
 Any member of a post who is six months in arrears in the payment of his dues 
 shall be notified thereof in writing by the post quartermaster, and if the same are not 
 paid within two months thereafter he may be suspended from all privileges of mem 
 bership by vote of the post and then be so reported in the quarterly reports to depart 
 ment headquarters until such dues are paid. While so suspended the post shall not 
 be subject to the per capita tax on such member, and he shall not be counted in the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 83 
 
 representation of the post in the encampment of the department nor of the depart 
 ment in the national encampment. Provided, however, that when a comrade is 
 unable by reason of sickness or misfortune to pay his dues, they may be remitted by 
 a two-thirds vote of the members present and voting- at a stated meeting of the post. 
 
 Sec. 4. If a member of a post shall be one year in arrears for dues, he shall be 
 notified thereof in writing, by the post quartermaster, and on failure for two months 
 thereafter to pay such dues, he may, by vote of the post, be dropped from the rolls, 
 unless relieved from such payment, and can be reinstated only by the post which 
 dropped, by a two-thirds vote, by ballot of all the members present and voting at a 
 regular meeting, upon payment of a sum prescribed by the by-laws of the post, said 
 sum not to be less than the amount charged for muster-in fee. If elected, he shall be 
 reobligated. Provided, that he may be reobligated in any post within whose jurisdic 
 tion he may reside, upon the written request of the post reinstating. Application for 
 such reinstatement shall be made by filing a new application, to be regularly 
 referred and reported on. If the post has been disbanded, he may make application 
 to another post. 
 
 Presented by Commander Samuel W. Lane, department of Maine. Amend sec 
 tion 4, article 5, chapter v., by adding the following : Providing, however, that a com 
 rade dropped as aforesaid, whose application for reinstatement has been rejected, upon 
 payment of his dues at the date of being dropped shall receive from the quarter 
 master a receipt therefor, stated as dues of comrade dropped and refused reinstate 
 ment. And such comrade may make application, as provided in article 2, chapter ii., 
 of these regulations, accompanied by the receipt aforesaid, to another post, and may 
 be admitted to membership upon payment of the muster fee and being mustered in 
 as a recruit. 
 
 Those presented by comrade William Gibson, Potomac, viz. : Add at the end of 
 section 5, article 4, chapter v. Xor shall the requirement of said section 4, that a 
 comrade one year in arrears be dropped, become effective until notice of that fact has 
 been given at a regular meeting, and action thereupon had at the next or some suc 
 ceeding regular meeting by a vote of the post. 
 
 Add to the same article and chapter the following as new sections : 
 
 Sec. 6. There shall be a post retired list, upon which may be placed, by a vote of 
 two-thirds of all the members present and voting, the name of any comrade in good 
 standing, who, upon his own request or consent, shall have been previously recom 
 mended for retirement by a committee for that purpose. 
 
 Sec. 7. Any comrade heretofore dropped for the sole cause of non-payment of 
 dues, or who has an honorable discharge from the Grand Army of the Republic, may 
 petition the post of which he was formerly a member for reinstatement for the purpose 
 of being placed on the retired list. The petition shall be referred to a committee, 
 and if favorably reported the matter shall be decided by a ball ballot, three-fourths of 
 all the members present and voting being required to elect. 
 
 Sec. 8. Comrades placed on the retired list shall be privileged as follows : 
 
 1. They shall be relieved thereafter from the payment of dues. 
 
 2. They shall be entitled to receive the countersigns and to wear the badge of the 
 order ; to visit posts and encampments, and generally to share in the honors and 
 receive the benefits and protection of the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 
 3. They shall be entitled to ballot on the application of new members, but shall 
 be excused from participating in the general business of the post and shall not be 
 eligible to office. 
 
84 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 4. Any comrade borne on the retired list may be transferred to the active roll of 
 his post on the payment of one year s dues in advance. 
 
 5. Whilst remaining on the retired list, the post shall not be subject to the per 
 capita tax of such member, and he shall not be counted in the representation of the 
 post in the department encampment, nor of the department in the national encamp 
 ment. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief has also referred to this subject, and all will agree that 
 it is even more important to retain members on the rolls than to secure new applica 
 tions. While deploring the large loss through members dropped from the rolls for 
 non-payment of dues, it must be borne in mind that the duties and responsibilities 
 assumed in our mutiial obligations can only be met by the payment of dues by our 
 members. Poverty has not driven all those dropped members from the Grand Army. 
 As a matter of fact, but a small percentage are dropped from that cause, and there 
 ought to be none where the facts come to the knowledge of the posts. There would 
 be still fewer than at present if the posts, through committees, would seek out delin 
 quent members, ascertain their condition, and afford relief when required. 
 
 Thousands of our best and most active members are men whose post dues must 
 be met at a sacrifice of some personal comfort, but they cheerfully contribute a full 
 share, and when they cannot give in money freely give in services, knowing this to 
 be necessary to maintain the life of our organization. 
 
 It is a humiliating fact that thousands of men are dropped from the rolls who are 
 able to pay their dues. They seem to prefer the meaner way of dropping out in debt 
 to their comrades than, by paying up and securing an honorable discharge, retiring 
 from the Grand Army with the respect of their associates. We are stronger without 
 this class than with them. 
 
 We report against the proposition for a retired list, and report in favor of the 
 propositions from Pennsj lvania and Comrade Lane, with certain amendments noted. 
 
 Under the operation of the previous question the recommendation of the com 
 mittee was adopted. 
 
 PAST OFFICERS. 
 
 The following propositions are submitted : 
 
 First That presented by George H. Thomas Post, No. 2, and Lincoln Post, No. 
 i, of California. 
 
 Amend first section of article 2, chapter iii., rules and regulations Grand Army 
 of the Republic, series of 1884, by striking out the words "And all past post com 
 manders who have served for a full term of one year, or having been elected to fill a 
 vacancy and shall have served to the end of the term, so long as they remain in good 
 standing in their respective posts, in such departments as have so decided at a two- 
 thirds vote at an annual meeting." 
 
 The foregoing proposed amendment was adopted by Lincoln Post, No. i> 
 department of California, with the following amendment : and all past department 
 commanders;" in which further amendment George H. Thomas Post, No. 2, con 
 curred . 
 
 Second By Comrade A. J. Sampson, department of Colorado: Amend article 2> 
 chapter iii., rules and regulations, by adding to the close of subdivision "first" the 
 following : Provided, that no past post commander shall be entitled to a seat as a 
 member of any department encampment, unless at the time of the election of repre 
 sentatives, as hereinafter provided for, he shall be so recommended and approved by 
 his post by ballot ; provided, further, that any department that may have so decided 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 85 
 
 may at any annual encampment reconsider such decision and thereafter exclude all 
 past post commanders as such from membership in the department encampment. 
 Upon the question to reconsider, members of the department encampment, by virtue 
 of being past post commanders, shall not vote. 
 
 Amend article 2, chapter iii., rules and regulations, by striking out the following: 
 Commencing with the word they in the tenth line of subdivision third to the 
 word department, inclusive, in the thirteenth line of the same, and inserting in 
 lieu thereof the following : 
 
 The post commander and the post adjutant shall furnish such representatives and 
 approved past post commanders with credentials signed by them, and immediately 
 after such election or approval shall forward to the assistant adjutant-general of the 
 department a list of such elected members or representatives and approved past post 
 commanders. 
 
 Third By the department of Massachusetts. 
 
 The following amendments to article 2, section i, chapter iv., paragraph i, to 
 strike out past Vice-Commanders-in-Chief, so that the paragraph will read as follows: 
 
 First The national encampment shall consist of the Commander-in-Chief and 
 past Commanders-in-Chief so long as they remain in good standing in their respective 
 posts, and the other officers named in article 4, section 2, of this chapter. 
 
 Strike out the whole of paragraph 3 regarding past department commanders. 
 
 Change paragraph 4 to paragraph 3. 
 
 We report adversely to all of the above propositions. 
 
 Sampson, of Colorado If you can only realize the importance of this I have con 
 fidence that the recommendation of the department of California will be adopted. 
 Ordinarily a man is supposed to support his own child in preference to that of some 
 other man. In this instance I propose to support the child of California in preference 
 to my own. My proposition does not go far enough. It, in my opinion, is only right 
 in case of a compromise measure being necessary. I say that these past post com 
 manders should be excluded in every department. Prior to coming here I had occa 
 sion to correspond with the adjutant-generals of nearly all the departments, and I find 
 from the answers that in nearly all the departments there has been continued agita 
 tion and controversy over this question, and we find in our own department that we 
 have some past post commanders who remain outside the post during the entire year, 
 and pay their dues perhaps at the last hour of the last day, in order to go into the 
 department emcampment and exercise as much power and authority as any other 
 member. Let us cut these men out. Let tis make our basis of representation one 
 for every five, or one for every ten, or one for every twenty, whatever is necessary to 
 bring in every past post commander who is faithful and efficient and in earnest in the 
 interest of the Grand Army of the Republic. Let us elect them according to the 
 spirit of our government, and let them come fresh from the post. Let them come as 
 representatives from their posts, with an interest in the order, and if they are past 
 post commanders and take an interest in the Grand Army during the year, the post 
 will elect them delegates. If they are not interested in the work and do not attend, 
 they will be left out. I say that the interest and perpetuity of the order demand that 
 they shall be excluded from the encampment. 
 
 Barl, of New York This question is one of vital importance to the organization. 
 Yesterday the judge-advocate-general stated that this was a representative gathering. 
 I deny it. I noted yesterday, when the roll was called, that in the department of New 
 York alone there were fourteen past department commanders nearly one-half of the 
 
86 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 delegation. I noticed in other departments past department commanders were double 
 the number of elected delegates ; and will you call this a representative gathering ? 
 Every year when we meet in annual encampment we should have representatives fresh 
 from the posts, representing sentiments as they exist then. 
 
 Reynolds, of New York While I greatly prize the privilege of life membership 
 in this encampment, I believe it is not justice to my comrades. In listening to the 
 roll-call yesterday I find many departments have larger representation by virtue of 
 past department commanders than by delegates. These past department commanders 
 are not amenable to their comrades, and therefore I think it is unjust, and I am in 
 favor of a change. 
 
 Pending the discussion of this question a recess was taken until 3 o clock. 
 
 The encampment convened at 3 o clock, and, after some presentations, the debate 
 was continued as follows : 
 
 Comrade Earl I desire to occupy the time of this encampment but very briefly. 
 I wish to submit a statement. I hope every delegate present will turn to the official 
 roll, which I hold in my hand, so that no comrade can say that I am misrepresenting 
 facts. I find by going over the roll, and it is the official roll, that those entitled to 
 seats in this convention consist of four hundred and thirty-nine delegates and three 
 hundred and three past department commanders and past Commanders-in-Chief. Now, 
 I ask if this is a representative body. If we go on at this business, in three years from 
 now, aye in two years from now, there will be no use of holding annual elections to 
 elect delegates to the annual encampments. The life-membership will have grown 
 to such proportions that the life-members will be the legislators, notwithstanding 
 the sentiments of the different departments. Another injustice I find in many 
 departments that to-day the past department commanders more than double the num 
 ber of delegates elected. And right on this point I want to correct a misrepresenta 
 tion in regard to the State of New York. By reason of this very question, at the last 
 annual encampment there was a direct issue formed, and the elected delegates were in 
 substance directed to cast their votes for General Reynolds, of New York, for Com- 
 mander-in-Chief. The past commanders who were defeated in that encampment come 
 here and make a misrepresentation. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief I must call the comrade to order. Our rules, and all 
 parliamentary rules, expressly forbid anything of this kind. The comrade will pro 
 ceed in order. 
 
 Comrade Earl I believe that I made a motion that the recommendations from 
 the department of Massachusetts should be adopted, instead of the report of the com 
 mittee on rules and regulations. I understand there are a great many comrades who 
 desire a division of the question on these different recommendations, and that I will 
 ask for at this time. I simply want to bring up this question so that we can all dis 
 cuss it in fairness, in honesty, and discuss it in the interest of our organization. 
 
 Comrade Sampson, of Colorado Commander-in-Chief: I will promise to take 
 not more than five minutes of your time, and especially for the benefit of those who 
 are affected by this. I want 3*011 to consider the interest of those who are 
 affected by it. The question is this : By the rule as it now stands we encourage 
 inefficiency. For instance a man is elected post commander. No difference how 
 efficient he ma3 T be, he is put out at the end of one year in order to get a place for 
 another vote at the end of the next year. Eor instance one of our oldest posts may 
 have twent3" past post commanders and only twent3 r -three members, as in one post, 
 one delegate and twent3 r past post commanders. Another organized during the last 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 87 
 
 year, with forty-four members, has no past post commander and is entitled to two 
 votes in the ratio of representation of one for twenty members. I ask you, who are 
 not affected by this, won t you help us get them off the rolls? We cannot do it. 
 Some one has said during the recess, why don t you attend to it in Colorado your 
 selves? We cannot do it. The past post commanders are in the majority to-day. 
 Now, we ask you, in the name of God, to helpus get clear of this incubus, and if you 
 wont cut them out entirely then we ask you to accept the compromise proposition 
 which we present. But Mr. Commander, in order that this may be intelligently and 
 properl} presented, which the committee I am sorry to say has not done 
 
 Commander-in-Chief There should be no reflections on the committee. 
 
 Comrade Sampson I do not mean that they intentionally did a wrong, but they 
 have omnibused four separate propositions, which I now ask shall be acted upon 
 separately. First have the question upon the exclusion of past post commanders, 
 second on the propositions from Massachusetts to exclude the vice-commanders, third 
 to exclude the past department commanders, the proposition of California. If all of 
 these are voted down, then the compromise proposition which I have presented is that 
 we may have the privilege of saying in our respective posts to these past command 
 ers, by your interest in the order during the year you have shown yourself worthy of 
 approval, and we approve you to go to the department encampment as a represent 
 ative; and you, by standing on the street corner for some imaginable oifense and 
 condemning the Grand Army of the Republic, and traducing your comrades, .shall 
 stay at home. Now, I hope } T OU will give us a right to exclude from the department 
 encampment these men, the past post commanders first. We are not so anxious about 
 the balance. 
 
 Comrade Chipman, of California Commander-in-Chief: I ask the privilege of 
 correcting a misapprehension into which the comrade has fallen. The committee 
 having no recommendation to make, reported adversely upon all, and of course could 
 not submit these matters in their order except by this report, which is done ; and the 
 report is now presented to you in the very shape in which the gentleman requires it 
 to be, first, second, and third proposition. 
 
 Comrade Beath, Past Commander-in-Chief Commander-in-Chief: We have lost 
 sight of one thing, that when we adjourned the pending motion was to substitute for 
 that part of the report of the committee the proposition of the department of Massa 
 chusetts, namely, to strike out past Vice-Commanders-in-Chief and past department 
 commanders in the national encampment. It was not a question of department 
 commanders in the department encampment, or past post commanders in the depart 
 ment encampment, but simply and solely as to the constitution of this encampment. 
 Upon that proposition the encampment is asked to vote, to strike out all past Vice- 
 Commanders-in-Chief and all past department commanders from the roll of the 
 national encampment ; and as one honored by the highest honors that the Grand 
 Army of the Republic can confer upon him, one elected by your suffrages as Com 
 mander-in-Chief, I ask you to add to this sentence to strike out the words past 
 Commanders-in-Chief. If my comrades who have served with me as past department 
 commanders are not worthy of being here, I am not worthy of being here. 
 
 Comrade Patch, of Massachusetts Commander-in-Chief and comrades : The 
 department of Massachusetts, by vote, presented the resolution which is moved here 
 as a substitute. I am here to oppose it, first, because I do not believe in insulting 
 the men who have been elected by the suffrages of the comrades of that department 
 for the last nineteen years ; and second, if it is not made retroactive I do not believe 
 
88 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 in casting that aspersion upon honest men who have done the work of the order, and 
 who in the future may be elected department commanders. Now, what is the fact ? 
 We are met here by the statement that in two or three years the number of eligible 
 men to represent this convention, the delegates, will be in a minority. I believe that 
 that is an absolute fact if you regard eligibility as the test alone. What is the fact 
 to-day ? Five hundred and eight men have answered the roll-call, and seventy-five 
 only of past department commanders are present. Is there any danger of the Grand 
 Army being disintegrated by the advent of past department commanders in its con 
 vention ? Men who have labored for the good of the order and who have been recog 
 nized by their several departments and honored, and some of them who have told me 
 personally that the highest ambition of their lives, aside from that honor, was the 
 privilege of sitting in that convention. Why was this brought into the department 
 of Massachusetts? Let me tell you. It never was properly discussed there. It was 
 brought in by a resolution, by a comrade \vhose years of service in the order were so 
 few, and whose work was so light that he had little cause to bring it there, yet had a 
 perfect right to do it. It was brought up there, and with hardly any debate was 
 passed. What will be the result if you carry this vote through this convention ? 
 We have, I am proud to say, an institution in our State called the soldiers home. It 
 is a credit to the commonwealth of Massachusetts. To the honor of the Grand Army 
 of the Republic, these past department commanders are members of its board of 
 trustees. They have been honored by their comrades with seats in this convention. 
 They have been recognized as workers in the order and placed in that position. Will 
 you, comrades, say to them, because of one act of some of the comrades in that 
 department, that they shall not have seats in this convention, where they have 
 been honorable and useful members ? I tell you it is a fact that if every past depart 
 ment commander in the department of Massachusetts had voted in favor of the 
 universal pension bill, you never would have seen that resolution presented before 
 the department of Massachusetts. Now, I say, and I ask the comrades of this con 
 vention, recognizing all the services, throwing aside the comrade w r ho is speaking to 
 you now, recognizing all the services of every man who has labored for the upbuilding 
 of this organization, do not cast the aspersion upon them that they shall return to 
 their homes and say the national convention has no confidence in their work, in their 
 influence, in their comradeship, or in their integrity as members of this encampment. 
 Comrade Tobin, of Massachusetts Commander-in-Chief and comrades of the 
 national encampment : I have but a word to say, and in saying that I should be false 
 to my obligations as commander of the department of Massachusetts if I failed in 
 this encampment to seek the enforcement of the resolve passed by that body in their 
 last convention ; and however much I may cherish the right to a life-membership in 
 this encampment, I am willing to go down and out of office and retire to the same 
 rights and privileges in the future as my honored and esteemed past department com 
 mander. But I find upon your roll 260 past department commanders eligible to seats 
 in this encampment, and while it may be said that they are not present, the right to 
 ba present exists, and with that number of past department commanders in any con 
 vention the rank and file of our order never can be truly and sincerely represented. 
 [Applause.] I want to say right here that I yield to no department in the republic 
 in the honor of the past department commanders of Massachusetts. We have the 
 greatest number present. There is not a man of them whom I do not love and cherish 
 as a comrade, and I believe they bear the same respect for me ; but I cannot hear my 
 estimable friend and comrade, the past department commander of Massachusetts, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 89 
 
 when he says that it is an insult to the past commanders, when by an overwhelming 
 vote of his own commonwealth we were instructed to secure the passage of this reso 
 lution. Xow, Commander, I say in sincerity that I hope that the resolve will be 
 adopted by the encampment, and past department commanders at least unseated 
 from a life-membership in this encampment. 
 
 Comrade Thayer, of Nebraska Commander-in-Chief : I desire to submit a 
 motion that all speeches be limited to three minutes, and that no comrade shall speak 
 more than once on the same subject. 
 
 A point of order was made that there was now a motion before the house, and 
 Comrade Thayer s motion was therefore out of order. 
 
 The point of order was sustained. 
 
 Comrade Austin, of Ohio Commander-in-Chief: I am here as a representative 
 of the rank and file of the State of Ohio. I never expect to be a department com 
 mander of that State, because there are so many ambitious men there and I am 
 modest, and I shall always work in the rank and file ; but I say to you that in the 
 department of Ohio the men that she has elevated to the department commandership 
 are men that have helped to build our Grand Army of the State of Ohio, and the 
 rank and file feel honored when those past department commanders come to the 
 national encampment to represent them. 
 
 Comrade Sampson, of Colorado Commander-in-Chief: I rise to a point of order. 
 There are four distinct propositions in this question, and I demand it according to 
 rule 10, a division of this question, and that past post commanders be considered first. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief When the time comes for voting, }-our demand for a 
 division will be correct, and will be enforced ; but this whole matter, as reported by 
 the committee, is properly before the house for discussion. When the discussion 
 ends the demand for a division will be observed, and one by one the propositions will 
 be put. 
 
 Comrade Austin Xow, I say to you, that there are seventy-five department com 
 manders who have at their own expense, and at the expense of their time, left their 
 business for the love of the Grand Army, and have come here that they might partici 
 pate in its deliberations. I say to you that the past department commanders of Ohio 
 who are here are representative comrades of that department, and the comrades of the 
 State of Ohio recognize them as such. I say to you that it is due to those men who 
 have worked through their posts up to that position, and who are recognized as the 
 workers by the departments, that this convention should not at this time nor at any 
 other time cut them off. If it were not for the experience, and the large experience, 
 of those comrades this department might perhaps be without proper representation. 
 
 Comrade Earl Is there anything to prevent our department from selecting these 
 persons as your delegates ? 
 
 Comrade Austin Nothing, but we prefer to have them experienced when we 
 elect them here. I have attended upon these national encampments for several years, 
 and I have never seen anything in the conduct of the past department commanders 
 that leads me to believe that the}* ought not to be admitted as members of this con 
 vention. I hope that this resolution will not prevail, simply because it comes here I 
 think because there are differences of sentiment upon some questions in the depart 
 ments that have proposed it. 
 
 As to this question of past post commanders, that I think is now within the 
 province of each department. It requires no action here ; but I believe as comrade 
 Beath has said, that if you wipe out any of them, wipe out the whole. There is no 
 
90 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 more reason why a past Commander-in-Chief should sit here than there is a past 
 department commander. There are eminent comrades in the service of this order, and 
 we need them in these conventions. 
 
 Comrade Rassieur, of Missouri Commander-in-Chief and comrades : It seems 
 to me that we ought to go back to first principles in considering the proposition 
 before this encampment. We ought to consider for a moment whether this organiza 
 tion is a representative organization or one that rests upon life-membership. I sup 
 pose that at this late day in the nineteenth century, when nearly every life-membership 
 has been removed in all representative bodies, it would not require hours of discus 
 sion to remove it from the Grand Army of the Republic. Xo disrespect is meant to 
 any department commander. I can say as others have said, that the department 
 commanders of Missouri are as noble men as there are in this organization, but their 
 capabilities and their services are of a character that they will command at the hands 
 of their comrades an election to be sent here as delegates. [Applause.] We must 
 look fonvard to a future day. We must look forward to a day when the rank and file 
 will say, what have we to say in the national encampment ? Suppose there are two 
 to one of past department commanders here, and it requires two to one of delegates to 
 make a change in the law, what is the use of the delegate coming to this convention ? 
 This organization is one composed of men who have shown that they will act at cer 
 tain times. In 1861 the law was not strong enough to keep this whole body at home, 
 and when it was necessary to strike down the law, to save the Union, we saved the 
 Union and destroyed a bad law. 
 
 I desire to call the attention of this body to this fact, that if you will go on and 
 hold out to the rank and file the delusive idea that the national encampment is a 
 representative body of the whole, when it is in fact a house of lords, you will lay the 
 corner-stone of the disruption of the order. And I go further. I say those who 
 have had the high honor . given them of being Commander-in-chief of this grand 
 organization, ought to be satisfied with that honor of being a life-member of the 
 Grand Army without desiring further. Those who stand in the rank and file, as I 
 have been taught, stand just as high as any others. The commanders could not have 
 been commanders if the}- had not had the rank and file to follow them and carry the 
 arms in their hands to victory. 
 
 Now, then, I beg of you to consider the rights of those who are not here to-day. 
 Make this organization such that no one can at any time say that he is deprived of a 
 right here ; so that no one can at any time say that his representation is so small 
 that the life-members may defeat anything that comes to the encampment. I hope 
 therefore that this measure will be passed, and I hope it will be carried right down 
 through the law and correct an error no doubt that was unintentionally made when 
 these rules and regulations were originally adopted. 
 
 Comrade Merrill, of Massachusetts Commander-in-Chief: As a past department 
 commander, not affected by the resolution now pending, I can without any imputation 
 as to myself, speak upon this question, and I am going to take but one or two 
 moments of your time in this discussion. I believe that this great organization 
 to-day cannot afford to say that the men in the departments who have risen to the 
 highest honors we can place upon them, and therefore have no personal ambitions to 
 serve in the Grand Arm y of the Republic, who have had a year s experience at the 
 head of one of the departments, shall not come here as members of this encampment 
 though they travel at their own expense across the continent to attend its sessions, 
 but that they shall be barred out for fear that they will override the representatives 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 91 
 
 of the posts. [Applause.] I believe that the experience of a man who has received 
 the suffrages of his comrades for department commander and has served a year is 
 worth something to the national encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 To-day, as my comrade Patch has shown you, out of a membership of nearly 700, 
 there are seventy-five past department commanders here. Are the others afraid 
 that that seventy-five will override them and deprive them of their representation ? 
 I say that the experience that the past department commanders have gained is a 
 sufficient reason why this national encampment should leave them upon the floor as 
 members and participants in its deliberations. 
 
 Comrade Grosvenor, of the Potomac Commander-in-Chief and comrades of the 
 national encampment : As one of the rank and file of the Grand Army of the Repub 
 lic, I wish to raise my voice in opposition to this resolution, and in favor of the report 
 of the committee upon rules and regulations. Why is it that this great body should 
 be afraid of the representation that comes here from the departments? Why is it that 
 we should cut off from our councils the very salt of this organization, the men who 
 have had the experience, the men who have done the work of the Grand Army for 
 years, and are ready in these encampments to still do the work of the Grand Army ? 
 My comrade from Colorado says that we may increase the representation, a representa 
 tion of one in ten, or twenty or forty if you please, but cut off past officers. We 
 have no provision for increasing the representation of the rank and file. It takes a 
 thousand members to make a representative from one of our departments in this 
 national encampment. We have within oiir rules and regulations all that is neces 
 sary for the departments to settle this matter to suit themselves, and why bring this 
 matter into this encampment for special legislation ? The rules and regulations of 
 the Grand Army of the Republic provide that any department may cut off the repre 
 sentation of their past post commanders or of their past department commanders. 
 Then why should we, the national encampment, inflict upon the departments what 
 they do not desire ? Why should the department of the Potomac, when it is getting 
 along so handsomely, a department that depends so largely upon their past post com 
 manders for advice and counsel, be compelled to rule those men out of the right to a 
 seat in our department encampment, because some department in this great organiza 
 tion has some personal difficulty with some department commander ? Resolve the 
 whole argument on the question on the other side, and you will find it grows out of 
 some personal pique, as has been shown by the comrade from Colorado. I hope that 
 the report of the committee will prevail. 
 
 Comrade Campbell, of Kansas Commander-in-Chief: I do not want to prolong 
 this discussion. It seems to me that life is too short for us to spend very much time 
 upon this proposition. As I look over this audience to-day, I see more old men than 
 I do young men, and the department commanders and all the balance of us will be 
 dead in twenty-five years, and let us get as many together while we live as we can. 
 [Applause.] I am opposed to this proposition. You men, who have been in this 
 national encampment much more than ever I have, have never yet seen the day when 
 the department commanders banded themselves together for the purpose of carrying 
 any proposition. They never did it here, and never did it elsewhere. You say the 
 rank and file of our order is not represented when you leave the department com 
 manders here. I want to say to you that the department commander we have in 
 Kansas to-day was a high private in the rear rank when he was in the army, and the 
 department commander before him carried a musket for fourteen months in the army 
 fighting for his country. The past department commanders of the United States 
 
92 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 represent the rank and file as much as anybody else. I am not a department com 
 mander, and never expect to be. I belong to the rank and file ; but I believe that 
 the passage of this measure would be an injustice to the best body of men that ever 
 God. let live. [Applause.] They are the men who did the work, and they are men 
 W 7 ho have the good of the order at heart as much as any others. You talk about 
 making a house of lords out of it. Let me tell you, when a department commander 
 is elected he is elected to serve us. He is not a lord, he does not become a 
 lord, it does not make him a lord, and no class of men ever wore their honors more 
 lightly and gracefully in an}- country on the face of the globe than the men who have 
 been honored by department commanderships in the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 Be just to our membership. Let us get just as many of our men together as possible. 
 Let us stand by and with each other in place of raising class distinctions. I am 
 opposed to the proposition, and I hope it will be voted down. 
 
 Comrade Taylor, of California Commander-in-Chief, and comrades of the Grand 
 Army of the Republic : I rise, Commander, with a great deal of diffidence and 
 reluctance, this being the first time I have ever had the honor of standing in a 
 national encampment, and desire to say but a very few words. The question under 
 discussion is a monstrous one, and demands our best thought. It has been charged 
 by one or two speakers, that personal pique actuates some of those who are in favor 
 of excluding past department commanders from our encampments, unless they sub 
 mit to election, as do other comrades. If it does, this is not the place to display it. I 
 wish to say that on my part there is no personal feeling. I am not the sort of man 
 to indulge it without just grounds, and certainly on this occasion have no axe to 
 grind. I stand here to ask* from this great and distinguished bod} T of men, from these 
 old maimed and battle-worn soldiers, simple justice, equal rights, and equal legisla 
 tion. The time has come, it seems to me, as these veterans are fast going down the 
 slope of that hill where sits the shadow shunned of men when we must not be gov 
 erned by the same laws which governed us in our infancy. We are in our manhood 
 now, and we want to have representation close from the ranks of our people. That 
 is the platform of our republican form of government. I say no unkind words of 
 any veteran here within the sound of my voice, who bears upon his breast our badge 
 of beauty. To me all are comrades, I care not whether it is General Sherman or the 
 humblest private soldier in the ranks ; but I do claim as a citizen soldier, that we are 
 not represented closely from the hearts and hands and brains of the posts, when we 
 read these figures showing the number of past officers who are members of the 
 encampment, to be 414, and the number of comrades who were elected fresh from the 
 posts to be 310 That argument speaks for itself. There are thirty-eight departments 
 in these United States. In ten years the numbers will stand thus : Delegates less 
 than 500, past officers nearly 800. We are dying off fast my comrades. We are drop 
 ping daily by the roadside, and our elected members will decrease. In the depart 
 ment of California there w r ere 160 delegates elected at the last encampment. The 
 commanders and past officers not elected number 270. They could by combining, 
 destroy all the influence of those elected fresh from the ranks of our comrades. 
 
 A comrade I would like to know whether these 400 people were actually pres 
 ent ? 
 
 Comrade Taylor They were entitled to seats. It makes no difference whether 
 they were there or not. They could have presented themselves, and it is the princi 
 ple I object to. 
 
 A comrade Do any past officers ever die ? 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 93 
 
 Comrade Taylor They are dying constantly, just as fast perhaps as the others. 
 But our membership will not be increasing. That is not the question, however. If 
 the questions will come one at a time I will answer every one of them. The same 
 thing occurs in the thirty -eight different departments of our republic. Scarcely one 
 where this same complaint of unfair representation has not been made. Those who 
 have been elected heretofore perhaps would not now receive the suffrages of their 
 comrades. 
 
 We know of such instances. Do such men justly and fairly and fully represent 
 the posts, their ideas and sentiments ? Sir, that membership of this kind in an 
 encampment is permitted seems unfair, and I mean no discourtesy to any comrade by 
 this expression. Why are not our excellent past officers willing to again test their 
 power of usefulness and popularity by submission to the ballot ? Commander, all I 
 ask is that this question maybe calmly considered, without passion and without per 
 sonal feeling. If the same gentlemen who have occupied the responsible and digni 
 fied positions of department commanders, wish to represent us in national encamp 
 ments, these men who have so worked for the dear old flag in the interest of the 
 Grand Army of the Republic, why are they not willing to go again to their comrades 
 for their suffrages ? That is all we ask. We do not deny their merits. We do not 
 belittle their services as soldiers or citizens. All we ask is that they submit them 
 selves to the suffrages of their comrades in their posts and in their departments. I 
 ask for the establishment of this great principle in the national encampment, equal 
 rights, equal legislation. 
 
 Comrade Salomon, of California, Commander-in-Chief . I represent the rank and 
 file. I am the commander of James A. Garfield Post, No. 34, of the department of 
 California: My post numbers 276 men, and out of that 276 men there are not more 
 than ten who wore the shoulder-straps during the war. All the others were privates 
 and non-commissioned officers in the army and navy of the United States. And when 
 that post was informed that George H. Thomas Post and Lincoln Post had passed 
 the resolution that you are now considering, at a meeting at which more than 225 
 members were present, they resolved unanimously to instruct me to oppose these reso 
 lutions here in this encampment ; and therefore, Commander-in-Chief, I was anxious 
 to obtain the floor. 
 
 Up to this time I am not a past department commander. Up to this time I have 
 not had the ambition to become a department commander ; but since listening to the 
 speech of my comrade Taylor I am very anxious to become a department commander, 
 for I judge from the argument that he made, that department commanders never die. 
 [Laughter.] Several of our comrades have spoken of the rank and file. What does 
 it mean ? Are we not all of the same rank in the Grand Army of the Republic ? If 
 we are not the charge that we deliver to every recruit when he comes in is a lie, for 
 we say there that fraternity without regard to former rank is the broad foundation- 
 stone on which this order rests. W r hat is this about rank and file? I say, and those 
 private soldiers who compose my post say, that the confidence that we have had in 
 those comrades whom we made department commanders has not been lessened in this 
 department in a single instance by the fact that they have commanded this depart 
 ment, but our confidence in them has been increased, and we desire them to be here to 
 represent us on every occasion when the national encampment meets. I say that 
 they have been sent here by the vote of their departments as much as the delegates 
 who have been directly elected. When they were elected department commanders it 
 was known to the men who elected them that by virtue of that office they would be 
 
<>4 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 delegates to the national encampment. I hope, and I believe, that in the interest of 
 the Grand Army of the Republic we will keep all comrades who have proved their 
 zeal and their devotion to the order, in this body as long as the Grand Army of the 
 Republic exists. And I can say to you, as a member of the general committee of 
 management of the department of California, you have come here about 600 strong, 
 you have complained that this hall is not large enough, I know I express the senti 
 ments of all my colleagues in that committee when I say I wish you would come 
 here 2,000 strong as members of this encampment, and if we had not a hall in this 
 town big enough to hold you we would have built one for you. [Applause.] 
 Comrade Conger moved the previous question, and it was carried. 
 Comrade Earl On the motion made by me, I ask that the roll be called. 
 The Commander-in-Chief Pending the report of the committee it was moved 
 and seconded that that part of the report relating to the constitution of the national 
 encampment be amended by the substitution of the Massachusetts proposition. I 
 suppose it is proper in the first place to take the sense of the encampment as to 
 whether or not this substitution shall be made. If you order the substitution you 
 will understand that that will not adopt it, but will simply put it in the place of what 
 ever other proposition was before you, taking its chances for final action as the other 
 propositions do. You will understand that it requires a two-thirds vote to carry 
 these several propositions. 
 
 Comrade Chipman Commander-in-Chief, I make this practical suggestion : 
 There are three distinct propositions ; one pertaining to the post, one pertaining to the 
 department, and one to the national encampment. Why not dispose of them in their 
 order, taking first the proposition relating to the posts. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief If there is no objection to that, it will save time, and 
 that is the legitimate order. 
 
 Comrade Potter, of Tennessee Commander-in-Chief : Do I understand it requires 
 a two-thirds vote to make this substitution ? 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief No, that would not, but the chair is probably mistaken 
 in his understanding of what the substitution was. If the encampment shall con 
 sent, we will begin with the post and run down, and this will be the last proposition, 
 and it is in proper shape to be put then finally. 
 
 Comrade Karl -Commander-in-Chief: I rise to a point of order, that the previous 
 question has been moved and carried, and debate is not proper. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief Nobody is debating, but we are trying to arrive at so 
 simple a basis that there shall be no mistake. 
 
 A comrade asked the question whether either of the propositions was subject to 
 amendment. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief They are not subject to amendment now. The pre 
 vious question has been ordered on the whole. 
 
 Comrade Tobin, of Massachusetts Commander-in-Chief : I rise to a point of 
 order. My point is, that the Commander-in-Chief has already ruled that the question 
 before this convention, when the recess took place, was the question of unseating past 
 department commanders. If that is the case we must first dispose of that question, 
 and then take up the others in succession. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief That is true, but in aid of good order, and as it seems 
 to me simplicity, the Commander-in-Chief was asking unanimous consent to begin 
 at the right end. By unanimous consent we can do that. Is there unanimous 
 consent ? 
 
 No objection was made. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 95 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief There is no objection. The first question is as to 
 whether or not the rules and regulations shall be so amended as that past post com 
 manders shall no longer be entitled to seats by virtue of being past post commanders, 
 in the department encampment. It will require a two-thirds vote to pass it. 
 
 The vote was taken on a division of the house, and, the ayes being 127 and the 
 nays 22, the proposition was declared lost. 
 
 The Commander-in-chief The next proposition is to withdraw from past depart 
 ment commanders the privilege they now enjoy of sitting in department encampments 
 by virtue of their past rank. 
 
 The proposition was lost. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief Now we come to the question of the constitution of 
 the national encampment. The Massachusetts proposition is, that hereafter the 
 national encampment shall consist of the Commander-in-Chief and past Commanders- 
 in-Chief, so long as they remain in good standing in their respective posts, and the 
 other officers named in article 4, section 2, etc. 
 
 Comrade Earl On that I demand the ayes and noes. 
 
 The demand for the ayes and noes was not seconded, and a vote being taken, the 
 proposition w y as declared lost. 
 
 The committee on the address of the Commander-in-Chief, through its chairman, 
 Governor Fairchild, was given the floor, and the Commander-in-Chief resigned the 
 chair to Senior Vice Commander-in-Chief Connor. 
 
 The report of the committee, as read by Governor Fairchild, is as follows : 
 
 Your committee, to whom was referred the annual address of the Commander-in- 
 Chief, respectfully submit the following report : 
 
 The various topics mentioned in the address are so pertinent and are so conciselv 
 and eloquently discussed as to leave little room for this committee to emphasize any 
 of its timely suggestions. 
 
 The patriotic sentiments so beautifully expressed and the heart} thanks given to 
 the people of this State and city find an echo in your hearts and in ours. 
 
 The Grand Arm}- has again been most fortunate in its choice of a national Chief, 
 and we most heartily congratulate the Commander-in-Chief and our comrades every 
 where on the success of the administration now near its end. 
 
 As a token of our appreciation of the efficiency, ability, and fidelity with which 
 he has discharged the arduous duties of his high office, we respectfully recommend 
 that the council of administration cause a proper testimonial to be prepared and pre 
 sented in the name and behalf of all the comrades, to Commander-in-Chief comrade 
 Burdett. 
 
 Your committee have carefully considered that portion of the address of the 
 Commander-in-Chief relating to Memorial Day, and most respectfully recommend 
 that article 14, chapter v., rules and regulations for the government of the Grand 
 Army of the Republic, be amended so that the last clause thereof shall read as fol 
 lows : When such day occurs on Sunday the preceding day shall be observed, except 
 where, by legal enactment, the succeeding day is made a legal holiday, when such 
 day shall be observed. 
 
 The final settlement of the much-disputed qviestion of the integrity of badges is 
 a cause of congratulation, and our Commander-in-Chief is entitled to the hearty 
 thanks of every comrade for the earnest and effective manner in which he has dis 
 charged his duty in this respect. We concur in the recommendation of the Com 
 mander-in-Chief that the design recently patented be adopted by a formal resolution. 
 
9fi RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 While the members of the Grand Army of the Republic most heartily indorse 
 every proper effort to give to their comrades the full benefit of the laws of our coun 
 try, which provide that those who have been honorably discharged from the military 
 and naval service by reason of disability resulting from wounds or sickness incurred 
 in the line of duty shall be preferred for appointment to civil offices, we are of the 
 opinion that the Grand Army of the Republic should not hold itself responsible for 
 the acts of any other organization. The timely warning of the Commander-in-Chief 
 in this regard should, we think, be heeded. Therefore we deem it proper to suggest 
 that we extend to the Veterans Rights Union our hearty sympathy in its efforts to 
 serve our comrades in even- proper manner, and that all comrades will, to the extent 
 of their ability, second such efforts ; but it should be distinctly understood that the 
 Grand Army of the Republic, as an organization, is not and will not stand responsible 
 for the acts of that or any other organization. And we demand the rigid enforcement 
 of section 1754, revised statutes, and an amendment thereto so "as to give preference 
 to all honorably discharged soldiers and sailors who are now physically disabled, 
 whether discharged for disability or not, provided that such soldiers or sailors be 
 found competent. 
 
 Your committee heartil} r commend the suggestion of the Commander s address 
 respecting the suspension and dropping of comrades from the rolls of membership 
 for non-payment of dues, and recommend an amendment of the rules and regulations 
 providing that no comrade shall be dropped from the roll of membership except by a 
 majority vote of his post at a regular meeting held at least four weeks after notice 
 given at a previous regular meeting that such vote would be taken. 
 
 We also approve the recommendation that the surplus funds of the national 
 encampment be invested, and kept invested, in the bonds of the United States. 
 
 The warm words of commendation of the Woman s Relief Corps contained in 
 the address of the Commander-in-Chief will meet with a hearty response from every 
 member of the Grand Army of the Republic. There is n<j brighter page in the his 
 tory of the Rebellion than that which records the heroic sacrifices of American women. 
 At the fireside, where tears are shed and breaking hearts commune with God, there 
 may be found a valor and a heroism that never shone on battle-field nor answered to 
 the trump of fame, and the story of a grander martyrdom than any page of history 
 records sleeps in many and many an humble grave where a woman s pulseless heart 
 goes back to dust. It is fitting, therefore, that the patriotic women of America should 
 share with us the work which recalls a past in w r hich they bore so conspicuous and so 
 honorable a part. We have so frequently and so unreserved!} 7 given our indorsement 
 to the Woman s Relief Corps that, as our Commander suggests, "a breach of promise 
 would lie if we should now attempt to ignore the bargain or refuse a dutiful perform 
 ance of condition. " But such a wish is furthest from our thoughts. Rather let the 
 union be fully consummated, and may we walk together in faith, love, and charity 
 until death do us part. 
 
 The organization known as the Sons of Veterans has always received the God 
 speed of our national encampments. It is a natural outgrowth of the lessons of 
 loyalty taught by our order, and is, we believe, destined to exert a powerful influence 
 in behalf of loyalty and good citizenship long after the Grand Army of the Republic 
 shall have passed away. We therefore cordially indorse the sentiments expressed in 
 the Commander s address touching this active, growing, and useful organization. 
 
 Boles, of Arkansas, moved to adopt the report. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 97 
 
 Comrade Allen A year ago the national encampment at Portland gave an 
 emphatic indorsement to an organization composed of a number of our comrades 
 who had undertaken to do a work in which the Grand Army of the Republic as an 
 organization had been up to that time thoroughly ineffective. If this report is 
 adopted as it stands now, we put the stamp of our condemnation on the act of the 
 last national encampment, and with cruel mockery we say to the Veterans Rights 
 Union, " Go ahead and we will pat you on the back when we think you are right, but 
 we will not be responsible for any of your acts. " In connection with the indors 
 ation of that organization a year ago, the encampment appointed a special commit 
 tee, of which our present Commander-in-Chief was chairman. The speaker who 
 addresses you had the honor of being one of its members. The object of that 
 committee was that it should visit Washington, wait upon the President of the 
 United States and the heads of the different departments in co-operation with the 
 Veterans Rights Union to try to stop the bloody ax from doing the work of demoli 
 tion of our comrades throughout this Union who were holding offices by virtue of 
 the federal laws of the land. I never did and never expect to be one of the bene 
 ficiaries of this Government in that regard, but I went there with my heart full of 
 sympath} for the brave men, limbless and eyeless, whose frames were racked \vith 
 disease which they contracted during the War of the Rebellion, and who, one by one, 
 throughout all our southern country, at least, were made to step down and out from 
 the rewards a once grateful nation had given them, to make a place for men who met 
 you and I when they wore the gray and sought to destroy the government we fought 
 to maintain. [Applause.] 
 
 We went to Washington and met the President of the United States. He met us 
 cordially and kindly. He gave us promises, and the heads of departments, especially 
 from the great State of New York, recognizing the power of this organization in that 
 State, were even more lavish in their promises than the chief executive of the nation. 
 What has your committee done save to make that visit, while from that day to this 
 the members and officers of the Veterans Rights Union, which I do not belong to, 
 have, with unstinted and patriotic devotion, stood day after day and week after week, 
 not to lay down the glittering generalities of the rights of the Grand Army men 
 under the law of the land, but to take up case after case of the maimed and wounded 
 veterans of the war, who have been sacrificed in violation of law, and to obtain a stay 
 of the hand that was seeking to la} them low ? Shall we in this encampment say to 
 this Veterans Rights Union that we repeal and revoke and annul the declaration that 
 we made a year ago ? What have they done during the past year which should make 
 them less entitled to our indorsation than they were a year ago ? The record they 
 have made during the year that has just passed shines out with greater and grander 
 luster than the record that they or this organization have before made in that respect 
 since the close of the war. W T hen we find them treading upon dangerous ground 
 we can give our condemnation of anything that they may do that is wrong, but as 
 long as we find them organizing and laboring only for the protection of the rights of 
 veteran soldiers of the Union, let us give them year by year the same indorsation we 
 gave them a year ago, without saying by implication that we are afraid of the tail to 
 the great kite which we are flying. The report of the commander-in-chief of that 
 organization in speaking of the department of Virginia gives a list of thirty-three of 
 your comrades who have been turned out of positions which they held as a matter of 
 right and law, and nearly the same number of ex-rebel soldiers have been appointed 
 
98 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 to fill their places. I beg of this encampment to take by the hand this gallant little 
 band and say to them, " God speed you in your grand and holy work. " 
 
 Governor Fairchild I want to say to my friend who has given such an eloquent 
 address here, that even-where in all this broad land, wherever there is a comrade still 
 loyal to the old flag, he will find a man who will aid the Veterans Rights Union in 
 its efforts to secure places for our disabled comrades. I know you will acquit the 
 committee of any desire to do injustice in that respect, even those who do not like 
 the wording of the report. 
 
 Tanner, of Xew York I do not propose to vindertake to add anything to the 
 oratory on this matter, but I have a little practical point to make in it which I desire 
 to present for the careful consideration of this body. No one who looks upon the gal 
 lant comrade from Wisconsin and sees the empty sleeve swinging by his side will 
 ever dare insult him with a charge of lack of sympathy for the suffering comrades, 
 but I think all thoughtful men will concede that there is an unfortunate turn to the 
 language used in this recommendation. A year ago we indorsed the Veterans Rights 
 Union at Portland. A word as to what I know they have done in the State of New 
 York. In the town of Seneca Falls there was a comrade who was postmaster. He 
 was turned out of that postoffice, and a bitter copperhead editor of the war was 
 appointed in his place. The Veterans Rights Union hung the nomination up in the 
 Senate for months, and I learned by telegram, yesterday, that the nomination has 
 been withdrawn and the Union soldier sent back. [Applause.] Three Union sol 
 diers were discharged from the New York Custom-house one a resident of my own 
 city, who had left the army as the comrade from Wisconsin had ; another, a gallant 
 soldier, had been riddled with bullets ; another, a long time messenger with the col 
 lector, with a skin as black as the ace of spades and a heart as white and pure in its 
 loyalty as any that ever beat, a man who left New York to get a place in a colored 
 regiment over in the commonwealth of Massachusetts, and who was left for dead on 
 the bulwarks of Fort Wagner. Now comes the news, while we were journeying across 
 the continent, that through the influence of the Veterans Rights Union, Mr. Cleve 
 land had said that every one of these men should go back. I ask sincerel}- what has the 
 Veterans Rights Union done that the Grand Army can disapprove of? I have heard 
 nothing, and I move as a substitute for this portion of the report that we reunite in 
 the expression of the convention at Portland a year ago and reaffirm the action there 
 taken. 
 
 Several men called for the reading of the resolution adopted at Portland, and it 
 was read as follows : 
 
 Resolved, That this encampment recognizes and indorses to the fullest extent the 
 objects of the Veterans Rights Union, and recommends and requests the various 
 departments of the Grand Army of the Republic to institute and perfect in each 
 department an organization similar to those already in existence in the departments 
 of New York and Pennsylvania, for the protection of the rights of the veterans under 
 the law. Be it also resolved, that a copy of these resolutions, properly attested, be 
 forwarded to the President and Vice-President of the United States, and to the several 
 members of the Cabinet, as the voice of the 300,000 members of this organization on 
 the question. 
 
 Tanner s amendment was adopted, and the report as amended was approved, and 
 the resolutions presented in connection with the report were adopted. 
 
 The encampment then took up the question pending at the time of recess in 
 regard to the status of past officers, the Commander-in-Chief again resuming the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 99 
 
 chair. Considerable discussion was had upon the proposition, participated in by 
 Sampson, of Colorado, Patch, of Massachusetts, Senator Thayer, of Nebraska, Aus 
 tin, of Ohio, Rassieur, of Missouri, Merrill, of Massachusetts, Grover, of Washing 
 ton, Campbell, of Kansas, Taylor, of California, Salomon, of California ; and finally, 
 under the operation of the previous question, the several propositions were voted 
 down. 
 
 Pierce, of Massachusetts, presented the report of the committee on resolutions, 
 which was acted upon by sections. 
 
 Resolved, That we request the rigid enforcement of the provisions of section 
 1754, Revised Statutes of the United States. 
 
 Resolved, That patriotism, justice, and equity alike demand that the provisions 
 of section 1754, Revised Statutes of the United States, be so amended as to embrace 
 all honorably discharged soldiers and sailors now disabled by reason of wounds or 
 disease contracted in the service of their country, whether discharged for physical 
 disability or otherwise, when found to be full}* competent. 
 
 Also the following : 
 
 Resolved, That the obligations which the Government of the United States owes 
 to the soldiers and sailors disabled in its service differ in no respect from those due 
 to any of its other creditors, unless it be that they are of a more sacred or binding 
 character, and in the payment of these obligations no measure for raising the money 
 required should be employed which are not applied to ever}- other species of indebt 
 edness. 
 
 Resolved, Also, that the Commandef-in-Chief of the Grand Army be requested 
 to procure orders from the Secretary for the Department of War and from the Sec 
 retary of the Navy, permitting the officers, soldiers, and sailors who served in the 
 army and navy of the United States, and also belong to this organization, to wear 
 the badge of the Grand Army of the Republic while serving in the army and navy 
 of the United States. 
 
 The committee reported favorably on an application for the reinstatement of Past 
 Department Commander H. A. Castle, of Minnesota, and the report was adopted. 
 
 The committee reported back the following resolution, with a recommendation 
 that no action be taken : 
 
 WHEREAS, It has come to the knowledge of this national encampment that the 
 flag of our country has been lowered at half-mast over the Government departments 
 at Washington in honor of one Jacob Thompson, of Mississippi ; and 
 
 WHEREAS, It is well demonstrated by history that Jacob Thompson was the man 
 who organized and purchased infected clothing to spread contagious diseases through 
 the North, and to burn northern cities, thereby involving our soldiers families in the 
 horrors of uncivilized warfare that appalled the Christian world ; therefore be it 
 
 Resolved, By this national encampment, that to carry out one of the trusts of the 
 Grand Army of the Republic, to protect the flag unsullied, we can but condemn the 
 use of the flag to honor Jacob Thompson, or any one who aided or abetted him to 
 inaugurate such unholy and savage warfare. 
 
 Anderson, of Indiana I move to amend the report of the committee by putting 
 that resolution on its passage, or to substitute for the report of the committee the 
 resolution as read. 
 
 Tanner, of New York I wish, sir, that the comrade had not offered this resolu 
 tion, and that Jake Thompson had been left to the powers that are in possession of 
 
100 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 his spirit, wherever it may be ; but the resolution is here, and I venture to say as 
 long as we are to act upon the question there is but one thing for us to say, and that 
 is that it was insult to lower the flag. [Applause.] I hope, as it is made an issiie in 
 this encampment, that the encampment will speak with no iincertain sovind and 
 adopt the resolution. 
 
 Gobin, of Pennsylvania Commander-in-Chief and comrades : There was not a 
 member of the committee before whom this was presented who did not agree in toto 
 with every word and every sentence expressed, but I deprecate the idea of giving any 
 notice or any consideration to a man as dead in history, as dead in infamy, as Jake 
 Thompson is. This convention has enough to do to deal with living issues and liv 
 ing men. If you want to make a question of even- dead man and every dead issue 
 that can be presented that shocks our sentiments and our souls, you can consume all 
 our time in that way. I agree with my comrade from Xew York, that if it was here, 
 we should meet it and express our sentiments with no uncertain sound ; but your 
 committee desired to dispose of it without bringing it before the convention, feeling 
 that it was a dead issue, that it stank in the nostrils of the people as the act of the 
 Secretary of the Interior did, and this convention was doing itself dishonor by taking 
 any notice of either the man in whose honor the flag was lowered, or the man who 
 directed it to be done. 
 
 Kountz, of Ohio The comrade has said what I desired to say. A year ago it was 
 proper. It has taken the Grand Army a long while to take up this subject. I hope 
 the recommendation will be sustained. 
 
 Van DerVoort, of Nebraska If the Grand Army has one fault more than another, 
 it is that it is too squeamish in regard to these matters. I believe in loyalty. Treason 
 is not dead yet, but lived in that act of lowering the flag at half-mast for a damned 
 and damnable trraitor. I believe that when the old soldiers who wore the blue, and 
 now y dignify the badge of the Grand Army of the Republic that was given for faithful 
 service, see an act like that, it is their duty, in order to teach the children, who know 
 nothing of the matter themselves, to stand up and stamp such conduct as that out in 
 this republic, no matter whether performed by an humble citizen or an official high in 
 the ranks of the officers of this republic. I believe, sir, in keeping alive the spirit of 
 loyalty in every comrade. Treason has not died out but stalks abroad in the land, 
 and when the old traitor who was the arch conspirator of the Southern Confederacy 
 repeats his treasonable sentiments with his pathway strewn with flowers, I believe in 
 the Grand Army of the Republic having the manhood and manliness to say that the 
 flag shall ever be raised on high only as an expression of loyalty. I say we should 
 not only express our protest in regard to the act, but also the act of lowering the flag 
 at half-mast in the city of Salt Lake while these loyal people, who represent the sol 
 diers of the republic, were passing through there. [Applause.] Let us speak as we 
 did in 1861, not with arms in our hands, not with sabers flashing in the air, but with 
 our souls burning with the spirit of loyalty. [Applause.] 
 
 The resolution was adopted by an overwhelming vote. 
 
 Van DerVoort At this stage of the proceedings, let us sing " Old John Brown." 
 
 Comrade Van DerVoort and the Kansas delegation struck up the song, and the 
 Commander-in-Chief made a frantic but ineffectual attempt to preserve order, keeping 
 time with his gavel for several minutes, and finally acknowledging himself van 
 quished surrendered the convention to the musicians. 
 
 The committee on the report of the quartern! aster-general, through its chairman, 
 Jones, of Nebraska, presented its report that they had examined the report of the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. - lOl 
 
 quartermaster-general, and concurred therein and commended the officer for the 
 faithful performance of his duty. 
 
 The committee on pensions presented its report : 
 
 SAX FRAXCISCO, August 4, 1886. 
 
 To the National Encampment, G. A. R.\ The committee on pensions, appointed 
 under resolution of the national encampment, respectfully submit the following 
 report : 
 
 During the } y ear your committee has appeared three times before the pensions 
 committees of Congress, to urge an immediate enlargement and liberalization of the 
 pension laws. One of the most important measures demanded in the name of the 
 Grand Army has become law, in the increase of the pensions to widows, from eight to 
 twelve dollars per month. 
 
 In accordance with the nearly unanimous expression of three successive national 
 encampments, your committee has urged, with such earnestness as we could com 
 mand, that Congress provide for placing upon the pension-rolls of the nation every 
 honorably discharged soldier and sailor who served during the war against rebellion 
 who is or becomes sixt\--five years of age, and every one who is or may become disabled 
 or in need, without requiring proof that such disability is in consequence of or the 
 dependence arising from such service. This legislation which provide pensions for 
 the aged, the poor, and the disabled for everybody but the absolutely well or rich 
 and forever close the doors of the alms-houses of the land against the entrance of any 
 veteran who gave to the country his services in the hour of her need. 
 
 Your committee urged, further, a liberal increase of pensions to the severely dis 
 abled ; that dependence of parents should be made present and not past ; that pen 
 sions to minor children shall be increased, and the time during which aid be extended; 
 and that there shall be a just equalization of bounties. Bill 1886, practically embody 
 ing the recommendations of the committee, passed the Senate, and is now pending 
 in the House. 
 
 The recommendation for an increase of pensions to the severely disabled also 
 passed the Senate, and is also upon the calendar of the House. 
 
 During the present session of Congress this committee addressed to the Com- 
 mander-in-Chief an indignant protest against the proposition to brand the veterans 
 as beggars, by attaching to pension bills, and in other species of legislation, a special 
 measure of taxation to provide for the payment thereof. 
 
 Since the organization of this committee other of its important recommendations 
 have been ingrafted into the pension laws, including the repeal of that most unjust 
 provision, in force fqr twenty years, requiring the applicant to prove his physical 
 soundness at the time of his enlistment. 
 
 With but a single exception, the committee has received the most courteous 
 treatment from members of the two branches of Congress, of both the great polit 
 ical parties. One man alone Colonel William R. Morrison, of Illinois cared so 
 little for the plea of the representatives of 300,000 soldiers, in behalf of their disabled 
 comrades, that he could insultingly break off a two minutes interview. 
 
 After an experience in this work of four years, your committee is of the opinion 
 that it is alike wise and for the best interests of the veterans to pursue the course 
 marked out by previous national encampments, and that the Grand Army shall con 
 tinue to demand of Congress the prompt passage of the measures heretofore indorsed 
 
1Q2 : - RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 by this encampment in favor of the aged, the poor, and the needy veterans, and that 
 until this is accomplished the sick and the well can afford to wait before demanding 
 pensions for themselves. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 JAMES TANNER, 
 JOHN S. KOUNTZ, 
 JOHN C. LINEHAN, 
 
 Committee on Pensions. 
 
 Loring, of Massachusetts I move the postponement of that report until the 
 report of the committee on resolutions concerning the resolution which I offered has 
 been received. I do that so that this whole subject-matter can be disposed of at 
 one time. 
 
 Tanner, of New York I hope that the chairman of that committee will consent 
 to that. 
 
 Merrill, of Massachusetts I have not the slightest objection to that. 
 
 Tanner, of New York In other years there has been a claim made that the 
 advocates of service pensions have not had a proper chance to present this matter. 
 The committee on pensions wants this wholly, freely, and fairly discussed. We want 
 the calm and deliberate judgment of the national convention of the Grand Army of 
 the Republic. You cannot get it to-night, but to-morrow we can come to the consid 
 eration of the subject, refreshed by our virtuous slumbers, and take it up and do it 
 justice. 
 
 The motion was adopted. 
 
 Hicks, of Minnesota, offered the following resolution, which was adopted : 
 
 Resolved, that the expenses of the executive and auditing committee of the 
 council of administration be paid by the twentieth national encampment in a sum not 
 to exceed one hundred dollars in any individual case. 
 
 In the order of business the matter of fixing the place of holding the next 
 encampment was reached at about 6:30 p. M., and an effort was made to proceed with 
 that business, but after several ineffectual attempts to get the matter before the 
 encampment an adjournment was taken until the following day at ten o clock. 
 
 THIRD DAY. 
 
 The encampment opened at 10 o clock. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief If I can have your attention for a moment, I think it 
 will be useful to us all if the chair states his understanding of the condition of the 
 business. Two of the committees, viz. : the committee on adjutant-general s report, 
 and the committee on the judge-ad vocate-general s report, have not vet reported. 
 The committee on rules and regulations and ritual and the committee on resolutions 
 have reported in part. By unanimous consent we have passed from time to time from 
 the order of the reports of committees where they were not ready to take up other 
 orders of business, but with the right to return to the reports of committees as fast as 
 they were ready to make such report. When we adjourned last night, we had, in the 
 call of the order of business, progressed so far as new business. We adjourned pend 
 ing an order for a roll-call of the ayes and noes, as to when a certain matter of business 
 should be taken up, and it is only necessary to say that by the fact of the adjourn 
 ment the subject-matter under consideration has become dead, and it would simply be 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 103 
 
 a waste of time to now make the roll-call which was ordered. Unless there is objec 
 tion, therefore, the chair will consider that the order for a call of the roll on the ayes 
 and noes is dispensed with. If then there are now any reports of committees they 
 are in order. 
 
 I want unanimous consent to make two exceptions. Comrade William T. Sher 
 man has requested of the chair, as I advised you the other day, to be left to sit with 
 the boys and do business ; but you will desire to hear from him for about fifteen min 
 utes certain reminiscences of California, which will be honorable to this body to have 
 stated in its presence. [Applause.] I know that I have unanimous consent when 
 the proper time comes, and that will be in a minute or two, to invite comrade Sherman 
 forward. 
 
 I desire unanimous consent for the presentation of a resolution cutting down 
 the time for debate. Comrade Grosvenor has a resolution which he will now present. 
 Grosvenor, of Ohio, presented the following : 
 
 Resolved, That the following rules and limitations of debate be and thev are 
 hereby adopted for the government of this national encampment : 
 
 First Xo member shall speak but once iipon any question without unanimous 
 consent, and speeches upon all questions other than upon nominations of officers and 
 the selection of place of next meeting shall be limited to three minutes. 
 
 Second After the chair has stated the question and debate has continued twelve 
 minutes the previous question shall be considered to have been demanded and sus 
 tained, and the main question shall then be put. Except that in acting upon the 
 report of the judge-advocate-general, thirty minutes shall be allowed, to be divided 
 equally between those opposing and those sustaining the same. 
 
 Third Upon nominations for Commander-in-Chief fifteen mimites shall be 
 allowed to each candidate, to be divided as his friends may decide. 
 
 Fourth Upon all nominations other than Commander-in-Chief five minutes shall 
 be allowed to each candidate, to be divided as his friends may decide. 
 
 Fifth Upon selection of place for next encampment fifteen minutes shall be 
 allowed to each place, to be divided as the friends of each place shall decide. 
 
 Sixth These rules shall not apply to discussion upon the report of the pension 
 committee, nor to the repart of the committee on resolutions upon the subject of 
 pensions. 
 
 A motion to amend by excepting nominations of Commander-in-Chief and loca 
 tion of next meeting was voted down, and the resolutions were adopted. 
 
 Commander-in-Chief I have now the great pleasure of inviting comrade William 
 T. Sherman to the front, that this national encampment may listen to his voice. 
 
 General Sherman I first apologize for appearing in evening dress. I have not 
 had time to put on my uniform coat this morning. I have reduced this to a point so 
 plain that I can read it with great rapidity. I merely want to file it with the society 
 because it is information which will be useful to you all in your future proceedings. 
 He then read as follows, from the printed address which he held in his hand : 
 
 GENERAL SHERMAN S ADDRESS. 
 
 Commander-in-Chief and Comrades: The Grand Army of the Republic is com 
 posed exclusively of honorably discharged officers, soldiers, and sailors of the Union 
 army and navy in the great civil war which devastated our country in the years. 
 1861-65. 
 
104 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 As in all civil wars, this one aroused the fiercest passions of the human heart, 
 arraigned father against son, brother against brother, and often wife against husband ; 
 its battles, engagements, and conflicts are numbered by the thousand (2,450); its cost 
 in human life was more than half a million of the best youth of the land ; in dollars 
 more than ten thousand millions, and in destruction of property even more. We are 
 the surviving actors in that war. " With malice to none, and charity for all," we 
 have come to this far-awa} T city to demonstrate our love for the whole country and to 
 manifest our interest in everything which can strengthen the Union. 
 
 Men who have only engaged in a single battle, or a single campaign, are apt to 
 dwell on it as the only one ever fought. I have known men who were at Waterloo ; 
 they could not be convinced that it was not the only real battle of the whole world ; 
 and many of us are apt to assume that our war was the only conflict of arms worthy 
 of record. Others have preceded it, and others will succeed it. We now, with a 
 retrospect of only twenty-one years, realize that the civil war in America was but a 
 single step in the progress of the world to a newer and higher civilization. The 
 Revolutionary War demonstrated that the thirteen colonies planted by Europe on the 
 coast of America had attained manhood, and had the natural right to assume all its 
 functions, among them, independence. The War of 1812 demonstrated that this new 
 nation \vas capable of defending itself not only within its own domains, but on the 
 high seas and everywhere. Then the Mexican War of 1846-47 demonstrated that our 
 race and institutions must reach from ocean to ocean, from the lakes to the gulf, with 
 ample room for development ; and, finally, the civil war demonstrated that we, its 
 citizens, could defend the Government against the greatest of all enemies ourselves. 
 
 FACTS OF THE MEXICAN WAR. 
 
 Inasmuch as we have in this "grand encampment " heard chiefiV of the more 
 recent events of the civil war, I ask your indulgence if I give some unpublished facts 
 and opinions about the Mexican War, in which I bore an humble part right here in 
 California, because I believe the Mexican War was a necessary and natural precursor 
 to, if not the actual cause of, our civil war, and that it forms an important link in the 
 chain of our national history. 
 
 The memoirs of General Grant, recently published, revive thoughts which had 
 nearly sunk into oblivion. Few of those who now hear me can recall the events of 
 1836-37, when the American colonists, invited by Mexico into Texas, revolted, and by 
 force of arms established an independent government. Texas, by the victory of San 
 Jacinto, April 30, 1836, became a republic with undefined boundaries, and was recog 
 nized by ourselves, England, and other powers as an independent nation. She had 
 her president, congress, and judiciary. Still everybody felt that .she could not exist 
 alone, and would sooner or later unite her destiny with some more powerful neighbor. 
 Naturally she gravitated to the United States. Negotiations for annexation began as 
 early as 1842, during the administration of President Tyler, were not concluded 
 until the ist of March, 1845, during the administration of President Polk, and the 
 date of her admission into our Union was only December 24, 1845. General Grant 
 describes better than I have seen elsewhere the antecedent military events : the 
 assemblage at Fort Jessup, or "Camp Salubrity," near Nachitoches, Louisiana, of 
 several regiments and companies of the regular army, under General Zachary Taylor, 
 with instructions, as soon as the terms and conditions of the Act of Congress had 
 been complied with, to occupy Texas as an integral part of the United States. The 
 Mexican Government always declared that the annexation of Texas by the United 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 105 
 
 States would be construed as a declaration of war ; but our Southern politicians 
 regarded Texas as a means whereby the}- could maintain the equilibrium between the 
 rapidly growing free States of the Northwest and the Southern slave States, inserting 
 in the joint resolution of annexation a clause that the territory thus acquired should 
 in time be divided into four States in addition to that of Texas, all necessarily slave 
 States. 
 
 THE BOUNDARY QUESTION. 
 
 As soon, therefore, as Texas had assented to the terms and conditions of the act 
 of annexation, General Taylor, by order of the President, transferred his army from 
 Louisiana to Corpus Christi. There still remained a doubt whether the southern 
 boundary of Texas was the River Nueces or the Rio Grande, and this, too, was con 
 cluded by positive orders to move to the Rio Grande. General Taylor had only to 
 obey, and marched his army of less than 3,000 men to a point on the Rio Grande 
 opposite the town of Matamoras, distant 150 miles from Corpus Christi, and twenty- 
 five miles from Brazos Santiago, to which place he had ordered his supplies by sea. 
 There he began an intrenchment, afterward named Fort Brown, where he left the 
 Seventh Infantry and Bragg s batten- of the Third Artillery, whilst he, with his main 
 body, marched to Brazos Santiago to obtain supplies. Having secured these, he 
 began his return march, and on the 8th and gth of May, 1846, encountered the Mex 
 ican army, under General Arista, at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma, defeated and 
 drove it to and beyond the Rio Grande, making junction \vith the detachment he had 
 left behind. These battles are universally construed as the beginning of the Mex 
 ican War. 
 
 The general public had been aware for months and years of the angry correspond 
 ence which had been going on between the two governments, and paid little attention 
 thereto, but the moment a battle had been fought and blood shed the whole country 
 was aroused, ver\- much as occurred in our civil war when Fort Sumter was fired on. 
 President Polk, in his message to Congress of May n, 1846, described all the nego 
 tiations \vhich had led up to this result, and assumed that the Mexican army, by 
 crossing the Rio Grande, had invaded the territon- of the United States, and that 
 "American blood had been shed on American soil." By our Constitution, the Presi 
 dent alone cannot declare war, though he may create it; but Congress promptly 
 affirmed his action by the declaration that, "Whereas, war exists by act of Mexico, 
 etc.," and the Mexican War went on, though General Taylor and the army generall}-, 
 as recorded by General Grant, always doubted whether Palo Alto and Resaca de la 
 Palma were in truth and fact on American soil. See his memoirs; on page 40, vol. 
 i, he says: "Both (Mexican and civil wans) in my estimation were unholy," and on 
 page 53, "For myself, I was bitterly opposed to the measure (Mexican War), and to 
 this day regard the war which resulted as one of the most unjust ever waged by a 
 stronger against a weaker nation." 
 
 ARE AMERICANS VAIN? 
 
 Are we not a little vain or "previous " in assuming the exclusive title of Ameri 
 cans? We are fortunate in possessing what we believe to be the best part of the 
 North American continent, but the dominion of Canada and the republic of Mexico 
 possess a large share of "North America," and I honestly believe that the popular 
 cry that American blood had been shed on American soil in 1846 was beneath the 
 dignity of this great Government, and that the cause of the war with Mexico was far 
 deeper and long anterior to 1846. 
 
106 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Thomas Corwin, one of the gentlest, kindest, and most popular of men, in a 
 speech of great length and ability in the Senate, on the nth of February, 1847, used 
 this expression : " If I were a Mexican, I would tell you, have you not room in your 
 own country for your dead men ? If you come into mine we will greet you with bloody 
 hands to hospitable graves." Had he made this speech a year earlier, it might have 
 been wise, but after Congress (the war-making power of our Government) had acted, 
 it was too late, for his duty as a Senator then was to assist in bringing the war to an 
 honorable conclusion, or he should have remained silent. This speech was fatal to 
 his political career. 
 
 AFTER PALO ALTO. 
 
 The Mexican War, however, right or wrong, was surely most creditable to our 
 military fame. After the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma, General Tay 
 lor crossed the Rio Grande, invaded Mexico, pushed forward to Monterey and Saltillo, 
 near which he fought, in February, 1847, the really great battle of Buena Vista. Gen 
 eral Scott, intrusted with another army, captured Vera Cruz, the famous island fort of 
 San Juan d Ulloa, and marched to the City of Mexico, one of the most brilliant and 
 successful campaigns recorded in all history, which compelled Mexico to sue and treat 
 for peace. Nevertheless, I believe that while the annexation of Texas to the United 
 States was undoubtedly the accepted cause of the Mexican War, the real cause was 
 different. When our Revolutionary War closed, the territory of the United States did 
 not extend west of the Mississippi River, but by the treaty with Napoleon of April 
 30, 1803, the United States acquired by purchase the two provinces of Louisiana 
 (Lower and Upper) with all the rights and title ceded to France by Spain in the treaty 
 of San Ildefonso of October i, 1800, in and to the unknown region west of the great 
 river. Explorations by military men were made of this region, notably by Lewis and 
 Clarke, Pike, Long, etc., and it was not until August, 1843, when the boundary of Ore 
 gon was established by the Webster- Ashburton treaty, that the 49 parallel of latitude 
 became definitely our northern boundary, and the 42 parallel the sovithern boundary 
 of Oregon, leaving all of California, Utah, New Mexico, and Arizona in the possession 
 of the Mexicans. 
 
 Congress made the most liberal inducements to. Americans to emigrate to Oregon, 
 influenced chiefly by Senators Benton and Linn of Missouri. Quite a large emigra 
 tion began as early as 1841, some of whom was diverted to California. These emi 
 grants followed substantially the overland route by the Platte, up the North Fork 
 through Fremont s or the South Pass to Bear River, and across to California, or the 
 Columbia River, by Boise and Walla Walla. Congress also made provision for the 
 establishment of a line of five military posts along this route, and subsequently 
 authorized the enlistment of a regiment of mounted riflemen specially to guard it. 
 
 FREMONT S EXPLORATIONS. 
 
 As early as 1842 Fremont began his famous explorations westward, first to the 
 South Pass, at the head of the North Fork of the Platte. In 1843 he explored the 
 Great Salt Lake, which had been previously seen by Bridger and Bonneville, but 
 little was known of it to the general public, and thence he went on to Vancouver, near 
 the mouth of the Columbia River. On his return he was caught by winter, and was 
 forced to New Helvetia, or Slitter s Fort, in California, now Sacramento city, whence 
 he returned to the United States by the southern route, viz. : the San Joaquin, Tejon 
 Pass, Rio Virgin, Salt Lake, etc., all then Mexican territory, reaching Missouri in 
 July, 1844. His reports, then first published in book form, were most admirable, and 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 107 
 
 excited a furor among the young and ardent which has never been equaled since. In 
 1845 ne again started on his third expedition to Salt Lake, down the Humboldt, or 
 Mary s, River, again crossing the Sierra Nevada to Sutter s Fort in midwinter, 
 1845-46. Thence he went to Monterey, to confer with the Mexican General Castro. 
 By this time the rumblings of the coming Mexican War had reached .that remote 
 region, and General Castro ordered him to leave California. Fremont refused, and 
 took a strong defensive position, with his little band of sixty-two trappers, on the 
 face of " Gavillan," or Hawk, Mountain. General Castro marched out to attack the 
 Americans, but prudentlj* halted at long range, and Fremont, after waiting a few 
 days, broke camp, and proceeded by the San Joaquin and Sutter s Fort, up the Sacra 
 mento Valley, and had reached Oregon, when, on the 9th of May, 1846, he was over 
 taken by Lieutenant Gillespie, of the U. S. Marines, bearing a short message in 
 writing from Senator Benton for him (Fremont) to remain in California to identify 
 himself with the American settlers, and take a lead in public events, because war 
 with Mexico and the conquest of California w r ere certain. Lieutenant Gillespie had 
 brought this message from Senator Benton across Mexico from Vera Cruz to Maza- 
 tlan before the declaration of war, and before any positive act of hostility had 
 occurred. I do not find this fact recited in any public document or any history, but 
 it was a matter of notoriety in California in our early days, and I am sure Gillespie 
 told me so himself. Fremont with his part} 7 turned back and reached Sutter s Fort 
 and Sonoma in time to co-operate with the American settlers of the Sacramento 
 Valley, and those north of the Bay of San Francisco, who had broken out in a sort of 
 rebellion, taking as prisoners General Vallejo and other officers of the Mexican Gov 
 ernment, residents of Sonoma. 
 
 RUMORS OF WAR. 
 
 Also, in 1842, Commodore T. Ap Catesby Jones, commanding the Pacific squadron, 
 heard at Valparaiso or Callao a mere rumor that Mexico had declared war against the 
 United States. He sailed for California, and actually took possession of Monterey, 
 October igth, hoisted the flag, and landed his marines ; but within two days he 
 became convinced that there was no war, and that he had made a mistake, so he 
 apologized and withdrew his flag and the marines to his ship. He most assuredly 
 would not have done this unless he had received written secret orders to that effect 
 as early as 1842, four years before the Mexican War had actually begun. 
 
 His successor, Commodore Sloat, in command of the Pacific squadron in June, 
 1845, had orders from the Navy Department to possess himself of San Francisco and 
 other ports of California as soon as he received positive knowledge of the existence 
 of war: "The object of the United States has reference to ultimate peace with 
 Mexico, and if at that peace the basis of uti possidetis -shall be established, the 
 Government expects, through your forces, to be found in actual possession of Cali 
 fornia. " This was long before the days of the telegraph or steamers, and before 
 Texas was admitted into the Union ; but the tone of correspondence between the two 
 governments, even at that date, warranted full}- these instructions. Commodore 
 Sloat therefore found himself, with his fleet the Savannah, Cyanc, Levant, Warren, 
 and Erie most opportunely at Mazatlan, May 13-14, 1846, and soon after learned 
 from our consul, John Parrott, Esq., of the events in Texas and of the battles of Palo 
 Alto and Resaca de la Palma. War then "existed," though the formal declaration 
 was not received till long after. 
 
108 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 AN ENGLISH ADMIRAL S MISSIVE. 
 
 At that time also there lay in the roadstead of Mazatlan a British line-of-battle 
 ship, the Collingivood, Admiral Sir George Francis Seymour, a noble type of the 
 English naval officer of Nelson s time, whom I afterward met at Valparaiso, and it 
 was the general belief that he had similar orders from his government to watch our 
 naval operations on the west coast, and to anticipate us in the game of uti possi- 
 detis " as to California. 
 
 Commodore Sloat, having dispatched the Crane and Levant in advance, and 
 leaving the Warren to follow with the mail, hoisted anchor June 8th, and in the 
 Savannah frigate stood to sea, steering for Monterey, California, arriving July 2d, 
 where he found the sloops Cyane and Levant. On the yth, having made the usual 
 demand of the civil and military authorities to surrender, he landed Captain Mervine, 
 with two hundred and fifty marines and sailors, who took possession of the custom 
 house, fort, etc., without opposition, and hoisted the United States flag. He also 
 dispatched in advance couriers by land and sea, to Captain Montgomery, of the sloop 
 Portsmouth, in San Francisco Bay, who promptly took possession of the village of 
 Yerba Buena, hoisting the American flag there on the nth of July. The American 
 insurgents were already in possession of Sonoma and Slitter s Fort. 
 
 Hardl}* were our naval forces in full possession of Monterev, when appeared off 
 the harbor the Collingwood, standing in. I have often heard our naval officers speak 
 of their feelings and speculations at the time as to the probable consequences of a 
 battle between the famous English warship and their own smaller vessels, Savanna /i, 
 Cyane, and Levant. As she neared the anchorage, the guns were cleared for action, 
 the men were called to quarters, and every preparation was made for battle ; but this 
 formidable ship came quietly to anchor in the harbor, and Commodore Sloat sent the 
 usual message of courtesy to Admiral Seymour, who responded in like spirit, and, 
 according to popular belief, remarked that our commodore had stolen a march on 
 him, but that on the whole it was for the best. 
 
 LETTER OF COMMODORE WALKER. 
 
 As these initial acts of our navy possess a special interest to the pioneer settlers 
 of California, I insert entire the following complete and valuable letter of Commodore 
 Walker, now at the head of the bureau of details of the Navy Department : 
 
 NAVY DEPARTMENT, ~\ 
 WASHINGTON, May 10, 1886. } 
 General W. T. Sherman, 912 Garrison Avenue, St. Louis, Mo.: 
 
 MY DEAR GENERAL Your note of April 3oth, to Silas Bent, Esq., asking him 
 to furnish you with certain information, from his recollection, of matters at Mazatlan 
 in 1846, has been sent by him to the Secretary of the Navy, and referred to me for 
 reply. 
 
 An examination shows that at the date of the declaration of war with Mexico, 
 Ma} 13, 1846, the Savannah, bearing the broad pennant of Commodore J. D. Sloat; 
 the Cyane, Captain William Mervine ; the Levant, Commander Hugh N. Page, and 
 the Erie, storeship, lieutenant- Commander C. C. Turner, were all at anchor in the 
 harbor of Mazatlan, and that the Warren, Commander J. B. Hull, arrived the follow 
 ing day, May i4th. 
 
 The logs of these ships show that her Britannic Majesty s ship CollingWOOd, 
 the flagship of Rear Admiral Sir George Francis Seymour, got under weigh at 6 A. M. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 109 
 
 on the 1 3th, went outside and stood off and on the harbor. The log of the Warren 
 shows that on the 22d the Collingwood was off the harbor ; she came in and anchored 
 on the 23d, and on the 25th, at meridian, got under weigh and went to sea. On the 
 igth of May the Cyane went to sea, followed on the 2oth by the Levant and Eric. 
 
 Commodore Sloat reports that on the yth of June he received information that a 
 state of war existed between Mexico and the United States ; that he sailed on the 
 following day, the 8th, for the coast of California to carry out the orders of the 24th 
 of June, 1845, leaving the Warren at Mazatlan to take him any dispatches or impor 
 tant information that might reach there. 
 
 There is nothing in the log-books or report to show that the Savannah was followed 
 or watched by the Collingu ood. The Savannah arrived at Monterey on the 2d of 
 July, finding the Cyane and Levant in port. On the gth, the commandant having 
 declined to surrender the place, a force was landed and possession was taken. The 
 Colling wood, with Rear Admiral Sir George Francis Seymour on board, arrived on 
 the 1 6th, when the usual tender of courtesies and the facilities of the port were 
 offered. The Collingivood was subsequently furnished with a set of topgallant-masts 
 and other spars, and sailed on the 23d for the Sandwich Islands. 
 
 The report says : 
 
 The visit of the admiral was very serviceable to our cause in California, as the 
 inhabitants fully believed he would take part with them, and that we would be 
 obliged to abandon our conquest ; but when they saw the friendly intercourse subsist 
 ing between us and found that he could not interfere in their behalf, they abandoned 
 all hope of ever seeing the Mexican flag fly in California again." 
 
 But there is nothing to show that the English admiral said that he should have 
 taken possession of California in the name of Great Britain if Commodore Sloat had 
 not already taken possession in the name of the United States. 
 
 The Cyane and Levant went directly from Mazatlan to Monterey, the Cyane 
 arriving June 2oth, the Levant arriving July ist. The Erie went to Honolulu and 
 afterward to San Francisco. 
 
 A report has been current in our navy that the English intended taking posses 
 sion of California, and were only prevented by the fact of finding the United States 
 in possession, but I can find nothing official in support of this. 
 
 If I can be of any further use to you in this or other matters, please com 
 mand me. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 J. G. WALKER. 
 
 My conclusion is that the jth day of July, 1846, is the true date of the conquest 
 of California by the United States. The California Pioneers, of which society I am 
 proud to be a member, are inclined to adopt an earlier date viz., June 18, 1846, when 
 Wm. B. Ide hoisted at Sonoma the old Bear nag (still jealously preserved), or July 
 4, 1846, when the American settlers north of the Bay of San Francisco issued their 
 declaration of independence. Neither of these acts was, however, assumed, so far as 
 I can learn, by the General Government, and the Pioneers celebrate the igth of Octo 
 ber, which is the anniversary of the admission of California into the Union in 1850. 
 
 READY TO OCCUPY CALIFORNIA. 
 
 I do not wish to fatigue you with the details of the measures which ensued and 
 are given in all the current histories of California, save that Commodore Sloat was 
 soon replaced by Stockton, who, in co-operation with Colonel Fremont and his bat- 
 
110 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 talion of California Volunteers, occupied the ports south of Monterey, viz. : Santa 
 Barbara, San Pedro, Los Angeles, and San Diego. In rapid succession Stockton was 
 succeeded by Shubrick ; he by Biddle, and he again by Thos. Ap C. Jones. 
 
 Meantime the Government in Washington had also taken effectual measures to 
 occupy California by land forces, so as to be in full possession of the country when 
 the treaty of peace should come. 
 
 The company of artillery to which I belonged (Tompkins 1 F, Third Artillery) was 
 dispatched in the naval storeship Lexington around Cape Horn, leaving New York 
 July 14, 1846, and arrived at Monterey, then regarded as the capital of Upper Cali 
 fornia, on the 29th of January, 1847. 
 
 STEVENSON S VOLUNTEERS. 
 
 Stevenson s regiment of volunteers, specially enlisted as emigrants and mechanics, 
 left New York in September, in three ships, arriving at San Francisco Bay in March, 
 1847. These troops had to come around Cape Horn in sailing-vessel, necessitating a 
 voyage of 23,000 miles in six months time ; and to make assurance doubly sure the 
 Government at Washington had instructed General S. W. Kearny, after securing 
 possession of New Mexico, to go to California, which he reached in December, 1846, 
 followed by the battalion of Mormons, commanded by Philip St. George Cooke, with 
 which w r ere serving Captain A. J. Smith and Lieutenant George Stoneman, so that 
 by the spring of 1847 w r e had of land forces Colonel Fremont and his battalion of 
 California pioneers, General Kearny, with two companies of dragoons and five com 
 panies of Mormons, one company of regular artillery, and Colonel Stevenson s regi 
 ment of volunteers ; and on the part of the navy, Commodore Stockton, Commodore 
 Shubrick, Commodore Biddie, and Commodore T. Ap C. Jones, with the Pacific 
 and Asiatic squadrons, comprising a good .share of the navy of the United States. 
 General Kearny was succeeded by Colonel R. B. Mason, and he by Colonel B. Rile}-, 
 all experienced and able soldiers. 
 
 Proclamations withoxit number were made that the Yankees had come to stay ; 
 and the natives were assured that they should be protected in their lives and property. 
 So that I believe that long anterior to the Mexican War our Government and most of 
 our leading American statesmen had resolved to acquire California, cost what it 
 might, as an essential step in our national progress. I remember well to have met a 
 man at Bodega in 1848, who had in operation the only steam saw-mill at that time in 
 California, who told me that Mr. Webster had, long before the Mexican War, advised 
 him to emigrate to California, because that country was destined soon to become a 
 part of the United States. It is as true of nations as of men, 
 
 There is a tide in the affairs of men 
 
 Which taken at the flood leads on to fortune. 
 
 Omitted, all the voyage of this life 
 
 Is bound in shallows and in miseries. 
 
 On such a full sea we are now afloat, 
 
 And we must take the current when it serves, 
 
 Or lose our ventures. 
 
 -Julius Cccsar, Act iv. , Scene 3. 
 
 WESTWARD THE TIDE. 
 
 From the day when Napoleon sold to our commissioners in France, April 30, 
 1803, the Spanish provinces of Upper and Lower Louisiana and the undefined terri 
 tories beyond, there was a tide which swept us on to the Pacific Coast with a force 
 that was irresistible. Oregon was the first step, and California a necessary sequence ; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. Ill 
 
 and even had there been no Texas, no Nueces or Rio Grande, and no such Mexican 
 War as actually occurred, California was destined to become a part of the United 
 States. The Spaniards as early as 1596 began to explore the coast and to acquire a 
 quasi title by discovery. Settlements by them began about the beginning of the last 
 century, but no progress was made till 1769, and then only in the form of missions 
 to civilize and christianize the Indians. These had progressed till 1776, when the 
 Mission of Dolores, or San Francisco de Assis, was established here. 
 
 Spain and Mexico had held this country, with free and unobstructed commu 
 nication b\- land and sea, for a full century, }-et in 1846 the highest estimate of 
 population, embracing Indians, natives, and foreigners, did not exceed 23,000 souls. 
 The divine command was to "go forth, increase, multiply, and replenish the earth." 
 Neither the kingdom of Spain nor republic of Mexico had obeyed this command 
 in California, for the land was uncultivated, the country in a state of nature. A 
 dozen or more missions and pueblos were strung along the coast, at an average of a 
 day s ride on horseback apart ; a few scattered ranches existed, with wide intervals; 
 wild horses and cattle were grazing on the plains and hillsides ; the civil authority 
 was incompetent, and the military power ridiculous. There was not a wharf at which 
 a ship could lie to discharge and receive cargo ; not a dock at which repairs could be 
 made none of the facilities which the commerce of the world demands of all civil 
 ized countries. There was not a manufacton- in the whole country worthy the name ; 
 not a steam-engine save that at Bodega ; not a wheeled vehicle, except the "carreta 
 of the native, the same that was used in Egypt in the time of Moses, or the few 
 rickety wagons brought across the plains by American emigrants ; not a blacksmith 
 shop, where a horse could be shod ; not a brick or bit of quarried stone, onl}- the 
 sun-dried adobe; no schools; nothing superior to what our Indians now possess. 
 Such was California when it fell to us in 1846, and behold the change in fort} vears ! 
 A busy, thriving population of more than a million of people, deriving from the soil 
 and mines enough for their own use, with an annual surplus of a hundred million 
 dollars worth of produce for the rest of mankind ; the harbors filled with the finest 
 steamers and clippers by which the commerce of the world is carried on ; with 
 wharves, drydocks, foundries, and machine-shops which rival those of Liverpool and 
 fulfill in an eminent degree the requirements of civilization on this most important 
 seaboard. 
 
 VINDICATING THE GOVERNMENT. 
 
 Having been personally associated with California from 1846 to 1858, I would 
 delight to trace her progress upward ; but that is not 1113- purpose now. I desire 
 simply to vindicate, as far as I can, our Government from any stain of ungenerous 
 or unkind dealing with our weaker neighbor, the republic of Mexico. 
 
 When the Mexican War closed in 1848 we were in absolute possession of all New 
 Mexico, Arizona, California, and the intermediate country, as well as of Lower Cali 
 fornia and parts of Sonora and Sinaloa, when, by international law and the doctrine 
 of nti possidetis, we could have held them all without compensation ; yet our Gov 
 ernment did, in the treaty of peace, stipulate to relinquish all conquests south of San 
 Diego and to pay for the territory retained after the war the sum of $15,000,000, a 
 fair and reasonable compensation at the time. The first boundary agreed on by the 
 treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, February 2, 1848, was substantially the Rio Grande, or 
 Bravo, from its mouth, in the Gulf of Mexico, to El Paso ; thence west along the 
 southern boundary of New Mexico to its west boundary ; thence north to the river 
 Gila, and down that river to its mouth, and by a .straight line to the Pacific Ocean, 
 one league south of the bay of San Diego. 
 
112 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 METEORIC RISE. 
 
 The very moment our Government had secured title to this vast region it began 
 a series of explorations and surveys looking to the transcontinental railroads and to 
 increased development. These surveys showed that the best southern route for a 
 railroad was south of the river Gila, and negotiations were begun by our minister in 
 Mexico, Mr. Gadsden, when, by treaty of December 30, 1853, the present southern 
 boundary was agreed on, for which ten millions more of dollars were paid to Mexico. 
 Thus we paid to Mexico $25,000,000 for territory which she was unable to populate 
 or govern, and we, as a people, can safely challenge the world for an example of as 
 fair dealing with a conquered neighbor as is presented by the United States to Mexico 
 in 1848 and 1853. Since 1846 the rise of California has been more like a meteor in 
 the skies than the usual slow and systematic development of newly discovered land. 
 This, to be sure, was occasioned in part by the accidental discovery of gold in 1848, 
 the very gold for which the Spaniards and Mexicans had been dreaming for centuries, 
 and this gold has almost revolutionized the world. But even now this has diminished 
 in importance as compared with the products of the soil. When we were here in 
 early days wheat was a rarity. We had to send to Valparaiso and Guaymas as late 
 as 1848 for the flour to make bread for our soldiers. Now California produces, of 
 wheat alone, enough for her population, and a surplus of fifty millions of bushels for 
 export. You will hear and see at the markets all you want of the fruit, vegetables, 
 and flowers of California, but I will tell you since I have been a man grown I have 
 ridden on horseback from Monterey to San Francisco without a house to sleep in by 
 the way, where are now hotels, palaces, and houses as luxurious as the best of England 
 or France. I could in 1847 have bought land by the league of 4,444 acres for a thou 
 sand dollars, that now in some parts is w r orth a thousand dollars an acre ; and I actu 
 ally quarreled with my best friend, Captain Folsom, for advising me to buy a fifty -vara 
 lot on Montgomery Street, with an out-lot of 100 varas on Market Street, for a 
 doubloon, sixteen dollars. I then considered San Francisco as the most God-forsaken 
 spot of our continent, with the whirling sands of Africa and the winds of Cape Horn. 
 Such an investment of dollars in 1847 would to-day be as many millions. So, my 
 soldier friends, you can see that our foresight is not as good as our hind-sight ; and 
 yet I have my doubts if, with our system of State, county, and municipal taxation, a 
 purchase of land made at that date might not have hopelessly impoverished me, 
 because I am told that hardly a single native of California who owned and occupied 
 his leagues of land in 1846 now owns a foot of his native soil. I know that Captain 
 Sutter, who once owned the Hock farm of eleven leagues, and three more at the site 
 of Sacramento city, died recently in Pennsylvania absolutely poor ; and I have 
 inquired after man} of my old ranchero friends, who in 1847 owned their leagues of 
 land, with herds of horses, cattle, and sheep, who have been impoverished and driven 
 to death or exile by taxes. There is yet plenty of room for reflection and for amend 
 ment in this our glorious land of liberty before the coming millennium. 
 
 THE ORIGINAL CALIFORNIANS. 
 
 Nevertheless when I look about me now and compare the condition of California 
 with what it was in 1847, I cannot help admiring and glorifying the enterprise and 
 industry of our fellow-countrymen. The native Mexican population we fotind here 
 on arrival were content and happy ; they were kind, gentle, and most hospitable, but 
 the} occupied more of the earth s surface than was compatible with modern civiliza 
 tion. They also held the Pacific Coast from Mendocino to San Diego with commercial 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 113 
 
 ports for which they had no use, but which were indispensable to the growing repub 
 lic of the United States. That condition had to perish to make possible the pre 
 destined new birth, in order that we might seize the tide in the affairs of men which 
 had to be taken at its young flood to lead on to fortune. Our statesmen could not 
 have neglected the opportunity without seeing this most valuable country pass into 
 other and unfriendly hands. I therefore contend that the conquest of California was 
 long premeditated, was the real cause of the Mexican War, and that its possession 
 was an absolute necessity to complete the present glorious Union. 
 
 The old Union of our boyhood days, represented by an arch resting on the Green 
 Mountains of Vermont and the sands of Florida, with Pennsylvania the keystone, is 
 fast becoming the subject of history if not of tradition. A new Union has been created, 
 grander in its proportions and more glorious in its promises of strength and perpetuity, 
 the abutments of whose arch are the two mighty oceans of the earth, and whose kev- 
 stone is the Mississippi Valley. 
 
 PLEA FOR CONCILIATION. 
 
 It was folly to style Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mis 
 souri, and Arkansas "Southern " because a few slaves were held there in bondage, 
 for the Almighty had ordained for them the snow and ice of winter as also the quick 
 ening impulse of summer ; there prevail the oak, the hickory, the dogwood, the elm, 
 maple, and chestnut all trees of the temperate zone ; and there grow the hardy seeds 
 on which we subsist, wheat, rye, barley, buckwheat, and corn. Georgia, Alabama, 
 Texas, Louisiana, and even Florida, which though still in the temperate zone are 
 nearest the tropics, are feeling new life by diversified crops, production, and indus 
 tries, and their people experience difficulty in raising oranges, rice, and sugar-cane by 
 reason of frost and ice. All of our country except Alaska is in the temperate zone, 
 which, since the beginning of time has been the home of civilization on earth. Let 
 us forget the old North and the old South, and devote our lives to the development of 
 the new and grander Union which you, my fellow-soldiers, have had so large share in 
 creating. Though it w r as hard for us to realize the truth, we now believe the civil 
 war was worth all it cost in precious life and treasure, and that the South received 
 the larger share of benefit. We cherish the memories of that war and may profit by 
 its lessons. We are a grander people than before the civil war, and far better able to 
 cope with the mighty issues which the future may have in store for us. 
 
 REASON FOR FAITH. 
 
 You, my beloved comrades of the war of 1861-65, have abundant reason for 
 your faith in the majesty and security of this new Union, with the Atlantic States, 
 the Pacific States, and the great center bound together in harmony by rivers and 
 mountains, and by bands of steel, each State controlling its own property and inter 
 ests, with a strong government over all. Yet in your conventions and feasts you 
 can well spare some words of cheer to your older comrades of the Mexican War 
 who did so much to enlarge the national domain, and make possible the glorious 
 work you afterward so thoroughly accomplished. We cannot expect to tarn- long to 
 enjoy the fruits of our labor, but untold generations of intelligent men and beautiful 
 women will be here to protect, defend, and maintain these conquests, and meantime 
 we have a right to be proud and content that in our day and generation we have 
 largel}- contributed to build up and strengthen the fabric of government fashioned by 
 
 H 
 
114 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 our fathers, sanctified by the great name of Washington, made doubly precious by 
 the noble virtues of our martyred Lincoln, and crowned by the achievements of our 
 comrade, Grant. 
 
 The address was received with applause. 
 
 Merrill, of Massachusetts I move that the thanks of this encampment be 
 extended to comrade Sherman for his interesting historical reminiscences, and that 
 a copy be published in full with the official proceedings. 
 
 Carried. 
 
 The committee on the report of the adjutant-general reported as follows : 
 
 HEADQUARTERS G. A. R., | 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 5, 1886. ) 
 
 John Cameron, Adjutant-General Dear Comrade: The committee to whom was 
 referred the adjutant-general s report beg leave to submit the following: 
 
 The adjutant-general makes but few suggestions, and has rendered a very com 
 plete and comprehensive report, and one that indicates the wisdom of his being 
 selected to fill an office of the utmost importance, and one which he had all the quali 
 fications to fill to the entire satisfaction of the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 
 The saving of money to the Grand Army of the Republic by the engrossing of 
 366 commissions, which work has been done by the adjutant-general, in connection 
 with the duties of his office, is worthy of special mention. 
 
 We desire to call especial attention to the preservation of the records of the 
 Grand Army of the Republic. This is a matter of the utmost importance, and 
 every facility should be afforded the adjutant-general to properly preserve the rec 
 ords, and to that end we recommend that the council of administration be directed to 
 confer with the adjutant-general and provide proper means for the care and preserva 
 tion of the records of the G. A. R. 
 
 We take pleasure in commending John Cameron, adjutant-general, for that con 
 scientious and faithful performance of duty that entitles him to the warmest thanks 
 of the Grand Army of the Republic, and we recommend the adoption of his report. 
 Respectfully submitted in F. C. L.. 
 
 THOS. J. STEWART, Penn. 
 ALFRED C. MONROE, Mass. 
 OSCAR F. LOGHEAD, Mich. 
 H. P. THOMPSON, Illinois. 
 LORENZO B. HILL, Maine. 
 
 On motion of Hicks, of Minnesota, the report was adopted. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief I feel that the chair ought to say upon the subject of 
 the preservation of records one word. W T e found, when we took charge of these 
 records, that there was not, at national headquarters, a complete file of general orders 
 nor a complete file of the orders of any department, nor was there a complete set of 
 the reports of the national encampment. The adjutant-general, at immense pains, 
 has pretty nearly completed these files. W T hat can be done I do not know; but this 
 I do know, that in the not very- far distant future the historian will look to the official 
 records of the Grand Army of the Republic for the data upon which shall be made 
 up many of the most brilliant pages of that history which in future times shall tell 
 the \vorld about the Grand Army of the Republic, and I know therefore that great 
 pains ought to be taken to make them complete and to most carefully preserve them. 
 The report was adopted. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPL BLIC. 115 
 
 The report of the committee on the judge-ad vocate-general s report was read as 
 follows by the chairman, Merrill, of Massachusetts : 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO, August 6, 1886. 
 
 To the national encampment, G. A. .: The committee to whom was referred 
 the report of the judge-advocate-general respectfully submit the following : 
 
 We have carefully examined the report and decisions, and desire to bear testi 
 mony to the conspicuous care and ndelitj r with which the judge-advocate-general has 
 discharged the duties of his position. 
 
 In the printed report presented to the encampment there occurs a typographical 
 error in opinion i, on page 5. The concluding word should be "negative," not 
 "affirmative. 
 
 In opinion 12, on page 16, in the sixth line of second paragraph, the words 
 "while they were outside the order, or rather, " .should be stricken out. 
 
 The departments of New Jersey and Delaware desired to present to the committee 
 statements and testimony in relation to the opinions in cases arising from their 
 respective departments, but as this was incident to an appeal from the Commander- 
 in-Chief, the committee were of opinion that the matter should be presented directly 
 to the encampment. 
 
 The committee report that the opinions of the judge-advocate-general are correct, 
 and that the} should be approved. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, G. S. MERRILL, 
 
 A. J. SAMPSON, 
 THOMAS BATES, 
 
 Committee. 
 
 A motion was made and carried to adopt the report, except as to the cases from 
 New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania. 
 
 CASES UNDER ADVISEMENT. 
 
 The encampment then took up the consideration of the New Jersey case. In this 
 case, the commander of the department, with the advice of the council of arbitration, 
 had suspended the charters of certain posts. The posts appealed directly to the Com- 
 mander-in-Chief to set aside the action of the department commander. It was claimed 
 by the department of New Jersey that such direct appeal would not lie and also that 
 the Commander-in-Chief had no right to review the merits of the case. The encamp 
 ment refused to concur in the ruling of the Commander-in-Chief and judge-advocate. 
 
 The Delaware case raised a question of law as to whether certain testimony 
 offered by parties upon trial by court-martial and ruled out should have been admitted. 
 The judge-advocate-general decided that it should have been, and the encampment 
 sustained his decision. 
 
 In the Kane case from Pennsylvania, Kane being a commissioned officer in the 
 army was tried by court-martial and was dishonorably dismissed from the sen-ice. 
 The War Department subsequent!} revoked the order so far as the dishonorable dis 
 missal was concerned. The question was whether or not he should be received as a 
 member of the Grand Army, it being claimed that he had not received an honorable 
 discharge. The judge-advocate decided that he was eligible, and the encampment 
 sustained the decision. 
 
116 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 The committee on resolutions reported back sundry resolutions, etc., and the 
 following were adopted : 
 
 By Cronan, of New York, asking that only army surgeons be appointed medical 
 examiners in the pension department. The committee recommended that no action 
 be taken, and their recommendation was adopted. 
 
 The committee also reported adversely to a proposition of the department of 
 Arkansas, asking the Government to locate a branch of the soldiers home at Hot 
 Springs. The reporters concurred in it. 
 
 The committee also reported adversely to a resolution by J. B. Burke, of the 
 department of the Potomac, recommending that the rules and regulations be amended 
 so that sons of members of the Grand Army of the Republic and the sons of men 
 who died during the service may be admitted to the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 The report was concurred in. 
 
 The committee also recommended that no action be taken upon a communication 
 from the department of Ohio asking the national encampment to recognize and 
 indorse ladies auxiliary societies to Grand Army of the Republic posts that are not 
 relief corps. The report was also adopted. 
 
 In response to a petition from the department of Utah the committee recom 
 mended the adoption of the following resolution, which was done : 
 
 WHEREAS, The preservation of the iinity of the Government is the highest duty 
 of all ; and whereas, it is the duty of citizens everywhere to try and enforce the laws; 
 and whereas, any interference by a so-called ecclesiastical authority with temporal 
 affairs is a menace to the institutions of the country ; and whereas, the Mormon 
 leaders have for years taught, and continue to teach, their people to look upon the 
 Government as an enemy, and continue an organization by and through which the 
 laws are nullified and the flag insulted ; now therefore, \ve, the members of the Grand 
 Army of the Republic, in encampment assembled, recognizing the facts, demand that 
 the flag be everywhere respected, and do resolve that it is the duty of the American 
 people to require their representatives in Congress to pass such laws as will effectually 
 release the Territories of the United States from the control of said organization, and 
 will insure to every one the protection of the laws. 
 
 The committee reported back a large number of petitions for a universal pension 
 bill like the following : 
 
 Resolved, That this encampment indorses the bill pending in the last Congress 
 known as the eight-dollar measure, of which the following is a copy : 
 
 "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives, etc., That all officers, 
 soldiers, and sailors who served in the army, navy, or marine corps of the United 
 States for a period of not less than sixty days, between March 4, 1861, and July 
 i, 1865, and who were honorably discharged therefrom, shall receive a pension of 
 eight dollars per month during the remainder of their lives. This act shall take 
 effect from its passage. " 
 
 And instructs the pension committee to make every effort to secure its passage. 
 
 The committee reported that the subject-matter of these petitions had been con 
 sidered, and that the requests therein contained are disapproved. 
 
 Bennett, of Indiana, presented the following minority report : We recommend the 
 adoption of the resolution offered by comrade I^oring, indorsing the eight-dollar service 
 pension bill. We believe that if this encampment is to truly represent the veterans 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 117 
 
 of the old army it must itself initiate pension legislation and not accept the sugges 
 tion of pension claim agents and party politicians ; that the veterans favor this meas 
 ure because it spares them degrading conditions, trifling technicalities, and mocking 
 delays ; that the financial condition of the country permits it ; that ample precedents 
 support it; that a majority of the Grand Army of the Republic posts have petitioned 
 for it ; that the failing health and the energies of the veterans require it ; and that 
 the justice and honor of the country demand it. 
 
 Loring, of Massachusetts, moved that the minority report be substituted for the 
 majority report. The encampment passed a resolution fixing the time of debate upon 
 the subject at one hour, and then took a recess. 
 
 Upon reassembling Loring of Massachusetts was given the floor, and said : Com- 
 mander-in-Chief and comrades We learned at the Portland encampment that a 
 national encampment is hardly the place for the full discussion of an important sub 
 ject like this, and with so many empty seats here I shall not occupymuch of your 
 time in opening this debate. There are two parties, and only two, in the pension 
 business. One is the claim agent and the other is the advocate of the eight-dollar 
 bill. One is represented by the bill which is in this resolution and which has been 
 submitted to you, and the other is represented by bill 1886 of this last Congress. 
 And I will take your time a moment in the histor}- of this business. In the Forty- 
 eighth Congress, where both of these measures originated, there were introduced by 
 the advocates of the eight-dollar measure the petitions of 1,921 Grand Army posts 
 asking for this eight-dollar bill. Then came an order from the Commander-in-Chief 
 of the Grand Army, forbidding posts to petition independently to Congress, and we 
 being loyal and true to our order, without questioning the right of the Commander- 
 in-Chief to issue such an order, submitted, and the petitions that we had received at 
 that time were kept by us, and no more were forwarded. 
 
 At the same time there were filed, I think, the petitions of about 300,000 citizens 
 which we had obtained from all over the country. On July 3, 1884, a bill was con. 
 cocted in Washington, known as the fee bill, which gave to the claim agent fifteen 
 dollars more a case in every instance where a claimant would sign an agreement to 
 that effect, and of course he would sign the agreement with the obstacles that were 
 thrown in the way, and the way in which the pension office was administered. The 
 whole story was told in the report of a committee of the House of Representatives of 
 the Forty-eighth Congress, Xo. 2683. The testimony sho\vs that $40,000 and over 
 was paid to carry that measure through Congress. That laid the foundation of colos 
 sal fortunes for those who are living on the soldier and the soldier s reputation. 
 Any measure which cuts off the claim agent meets opposition from that source. The 
 bill in the Forty-eighth Congress, known as the amended Mexican pension bill, so far 
 as it relates to our interest, is identical with the Senate bill 1886 of this Congress. 
 The soldiers of this land were requested to indorse that measure, and while we had 
 1,921 G. A. R. posts, there were only fifty-eight indorsing that measure. Another 
 matter which I \vish to call your attention to is the table of ratings in the last com 
 missioner s report. There are 124 ratings. The first is $i, the next $1.86, the next $2, 
 the next $2.12, and so on, one cent a week. Did they tell us that we should have 
 that in 1861, when the country s life was in danger ? We never heard of it then, and 
 I bring up this table simply to illustrate the trifling manner in which they deal with 
 this whole matter. At that same Congress the pension bureau and all the auxiliary 
 bureaus and departments were furnished additional help for solely taking care of this 
 additional pension business. It never occurred to our eminent Solons who sit there 
 
118 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 in Washington to make laws for us that a cheaper and more honest way would have 
 been to remove the obstacles from the path of the veteran and save this unnecessary 
 business. At that same time there was completed or in process of erection the enor 
 mous brick barn now in Washington, called the pension office, made of 133,000,000 
 bricks, the biggest brick building in the world, I am told, and over its door in bas- 
 relief is the image of a mule-driver, symbolical of the one who gets the speediest 
 help. Every point which carries the money otherwise than to the soldier, seems to 
 be covered. Now, comrades, we have this eight-dollar bill. It means making every 
 man s honorable discharge his pension certificate. It means that he can go to the post- 
 office and draw it. It means brushing aside with one sweep all obstacles and trifling 
 that stands in his way. It means the honoring of the man. It is no answer to it 
 that there are some well and some wealthy who may get it. They need not take it 
 unless they want it, and if they do take it they can put it to the charity fund of 
 some post where we can give to those to whom eight dollars a month is not enough. 
 
 Then let us see about this 1886 bill. The clause which affects us states, first, 
 that a man must have a present disability. It brushes to one side the proofs required 
 to show that his disability was incurred in the service. The next step he must prove 
 the degree, and next he must prove himself a patiper, and then he is subject to rating 
 and the dilatory transaction of the business of those offices, and then he must pay 
 toll to his claim agent, and if he lives long enough he may get something. The bill 
 which we advocate honors and does not dishonor the soldier. The bill to which we 
 are opposed dishonors the soldier. This is the twentieth encampment of the Grand 
 Army, and made up as it is it is purely American. Side by side sit the leader and 
 the led. Generals whose names will be known as long as history will be read sit side 
 by side with the men who will go down into history unnamed of the 2,200,000 that 
 went into the army to save this fair land. It lies with this encampment to say 
 whether it truly represents their great army. We have come from the Atlantic to the 
 Pacific, and we have seen the broad gifts which we secured to posterity. The question 
 of what this will cost is irrelevant. The billions of wealth of this country preclude 
 its coming into this issue. The wildest dream of the imagination cannot count or 
 sum up the future wealth of this land. It lies with us to say whether the broad segis 
 of the Grand Armj shall be thrown above the soldier, and we shall say to the outside 
 world, "Poor he may be, in the minority he may be, but you shall never insult him 
 with trifling legislation, with dishonoring conditions, with hypocritical legislation 
 never. We sit here either to represent the old army or we do not. Now, let it go 
 out to the entire world that as long as this ,body can hold together, as often as this 
 encampment conies together, we will truly represent their interest. 
 
 Merrill, of Massachusetts If the Grand Army of the Republic wish to accom 
 plish anything in pension legislation, to do anything for our disabled and needy 
 comrades, we are to do it standing side by side, shoulder to shoulder, as we did in 
 the olden da3 S. If we divide our councils, if we antagonize one another, how can 
 we hope to accomplish anything in pension legislation ? Three successive national 
 encampments have said, two by unanimous vote and a third by a vote nearly so, that 
 it was wisdom to ask of Congress only part of w r hat our friend who favors the eight 
 dollars per month asks ; that it was wisdom to demand of Congress, first, that the 
 needy, the sick, and disabled should be pensioned before asking Congress to go 
 further, and give pensions to the well men. [Applause.] 
 
 Now, comrades, the difference between the eight dollars per month men and the 
 pension committee is this : They believe in asking eight dollars for everybody now. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 119 
 
 The pension committee believes that it is a matter of wisdom to ask first the pensions 
 for the cripples, for the legless, the armless, the eyeless, the sick, the men in the 
 alms-house, and that the well men should stand aside while that procession goes up to 
 the front. [Applause.] My comrade, Loring, saj^s there are only two parties in this 
 pension business, the eight dollars a month man and the claim agent. If that is so, 
 the national pension committee and the national encampment are branded as standing 
 with the claim agents of the country and against the veterans. I resent, in the name 
 of the national encampment and the pension committee, that imputation. [Applause.] 
 My comrade has a good deal to say about the claim agents and a certain fee bill. 
 Claim agents may fight out their own battles with him. I am not interested in them. 
 The old law gave to pension agents ten dollars, in each case to be paid by the appli 
 cant in advance and to be retained by the claim agent whether successful in the case 
 or not. The result of that law was to make claim agents induce everybody, whether 
 they thought they had a claim or not, to file a claim, pay their ten dollars in advance, 
 and this dishonest claim agent did not care whether he received his pension or not. 
 Now, the agent may receive twenty-five dollars if successful, and the amount that 
 the claim agent receives is less than thirteen dollars in each case, because that is 
 about the proportion thirteen successful claims out of twenty-five. 
 
 My comrade says that if }-ou pass the eight-dollar service pension bill a man s 
 honorable discharge is his pension certificate, and he has nothing to do but go to the 
 post-office and get his eight dollars a month. What arrant nonsense! If the eight 
 dollars a month pension bill should pass, the applicant must send his application to 
 the pension office, the same as he does now. The pension office does not accept, and 
 you will never get a law through Congress to accept, a printed piece of paper that 
 anybody may counterfeit as evidence on which a man shall be paid $100 a year. The 
 pension office will send to the office of the adjutant-general to find if what that man 
 says is true. You have got to go through the same process as you go through now. 
 And as to claim agents, I know that there is a syndicate already organized in the city 
 of New York, having its agents under pay over this country, offering to take the 
 applications, if this bill should pass, at ten dollars for each applicant. 
 
 This national encampment has authorized its pension committee to go to Con 
 gress and to ask, first, that the needy and the sick and disabled be pensioned. Pen 
 sion bill 1886 makes it incumbent on no man to prove that he lost his health because 
 of his army service. If to-day he is disabled or sick, if next week or next month or 
 next year he becomes disabled or sick or in need of a pension, he shall go and be put 
 upon the pension-rolls, without proof that such sickness or such disability grew out 
 of his army sen-ice. This bill has passed the Senate of the United States and is pend 
 ing upon the calendar of the House, and but for some reasons that are obvious it 
 would have passed the House at the last session. It is upon the calendar of the next 
 December session of the House of Representatives. We have asked continually, by 
 your instruction going to Congress and saying that we were authorized by your vote 
 to speak for 300,000, and for four years we have pleaded with Congress in your name, 
 saying, because you authorized us to say it by your vote, that we wanted the needy 
 men and the disabled men pensioned first ; and now if this national encampment 
 should reverse that action the next pension committee goes to Congress and tells 
 them that for four years we have not known what we wanted, and now we want Con 
 gress to turn off on the other tack and do something else. What possible hope is 
 there of getting pensions for well men when, by all the power of the Grand Army, so 
 far, you have not been able to get them for the disabled alone? Bill 1886 will cost 
 
120 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 this Government from forty to fifty millions a year. The entire surplus is only about 
 that sum, if it is as much. The universal service pension bill will cost, according to 
 the lowest estimate of its friends, $61,000,000, and according to the estimate of 
 another of its friends $87,000,000 ; according to the best estimate that I can make, 
 $111,000,000. Twenty years after the war can any reasonable man expect that Con 
 gress is going to pass a pension bill that will take more money than there is surplus 
 in the treasury, and that they will lay a new war tax in order to pay pensions. If we 
 ask so much we will get nothing, in my judgment. I say, in the name of the pen 
 sion committee, acting under your instructions, doing what you have told us to do 
 for three successive years, let us first demand of Congress that the doors of the alms- 
 houses shall be forever closed against any needy veteran, that the disabled shall be 
 pensioned, and that the strong-limbed and able-bodied men will stand out of the pn> 
 cession until the cripples and the sick and the poor get their pension. [Applause.] 
 
 Thayer, of Nebraska One statement was made on yesterday which, in my judg 
 ment, is enough to sweep away all petty argximents and special pleading that has 
 been presented here in favor of the majority report ; that was that seven thousand 
 brave and heroic defenders of the Union are now lingering out their existence in the 
 poor-houses of this country. When I heard that report, I felt humiliated that this 
 great Government of the United States, with its bounteous resources and its treasury 
 plethoric with funds, should allow the defenders of this nation, through whose hero 
 ism this country has been saved, to remain as inmates of alms-houses. I am in 
 favor of the minority report, that we will demand of the Congress of the United 
 States that it shall discharge, not in active charity but in sacred obligation, as sacred 
 as a man s note or his bond, to stand by these defenders of the Union now when they 
 are passing down the declining vale of life, and not wait until they are sixty-five 
 years of age. [Applause.] 
 
 Bennett, of Indiana If I were talking to an army post, and had nobody to" listen 
 to me but the rank and file, I would not add a word to what has been said, because 
 I know, from a meeting of our state encampment and others where this question has 
 been raised, and from the pile of petitions in that committee-room, that all the Grand 
 Army posts in the United States to which this question has been submitted have 
 been and are for this service pension. [Applause, and cries "No, no ! not by a large 
 majority. "] If you will go up there, and look at the bundles of reports, you will see. 
 But the question is, what are we discussing? Shall this minority report be adopted? 
 What is this minority report ? 
 
 Before I speak of that let me sa} r one word in reply to my comrade, who says 
 that we ought not to do this or that because it might not meet the approbation of the 
 Congress in the United States. Who are in the lead on this question, the Congress 
 men or the comrades in the Grand Arm}* ? I do not want a Congressman to tell me 
 iust what he wants ; I want to tell him what I want on this question. 
 
 What is this report? We say we believe that if this encampment is truly to 
 represent the veterans of the old army, it must itself initiate pension legislation, and 
 not follow after the suggestions of either party politicians or claim agents. That is 
 the first proposition. The next is, that the veterans themselves favor this measure, 
 because it spares them degrading conditions, trifling technicalities, and mocking 
 delays. We believe this bill will at one blow wipe out all that trouble. Then 
 we say, that we believe the financial condition of the country permits it. Tell me 
 that this republic has not money enough to pay that sacred debt, when it has already 
 paid a hundred times more than that on another debt, the debt due the bond-holders, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 121 
 
 which is only second to that which is due to the old soldiers. Both ought to be paid. 
 Let this be paid first. 
 
 Why should not a veteran of the rebellion receive a service pension. Shall we wait 
 until he dies, and then pay his widow and his orphans ? If he is to get it, he wants 
 it now. The next is, that justice and the honor of the county demand it. Is it not 
 just ? Does it not involve the honor of the country ? Let us recommend it. The 
 gentleman says, Why should we recommend it ; we cannot get it. " Did you ever 
 get anything that you did not ask for? Are we just to ask for that which we think 
 we can get? We can get that without the asking. Let us raise our demand high, 
 and if we don t get all, let us keep on trying until we do get it ; but let us make a 
 commencement here and now. [Applause.] 
 
 Grosvenor, of Ohio I would not occupy your time if it were not that I think it 
 just to all sides to say this : There is no member of the Grand Arm y of the Republic 
 who would vote for more liberal pensions to all classes of soldiers who fought to save 
 the Union than I. I have no connection with any claim agency. I have prosecuted 
 more than two thousand pension claims during the last four years, and I have never 
 received a cent for any one, and have paid the expenses of more than a hundred of them 
 out of my own pocket. I know of no pension agent in this country who asks for the 
 passage of Senate bill 1886. That bill upon its face is quite as destructive, and indeed 
 vastly more destructive, to the claim agencies of the county than is this eight-dollar 
 pension bill. Let me be understood. I am in favor of passing the eight-dollar law ; 
 I would vote for it in Congress ; I would vote for it anywhere ; but I have observed 
 this much in relation to the pension committee of the Grand Army of the Republic, 
 and I have no doubt of two propositions first, if it had not been for this eight-dollar 
 agitation, which in my judgment has been put on foot as an error of judgment, we 
 should have had the relief that we asked for through this national encampment three 
 3 r ears ago. In the next place, it is 1113- deliberate opinion, based upon a close and 
 accurate canvass of Congress during this present session, that so long as there is any 
 probability that a great number of the Grand Army men of the country demand this 
 eight-dollar law we shall never get anything at all. How does it happen ? One of 
 the distinguished members of Congress said to me : "I would vote for the general 
 relief propositions that your committee have asked for if it were not for the fact that 
 the moment we do that we shall be confronted with this monstrous proposition of 
 eight dollars to everybody, and you know that the treasury of the United States can 
 not stand a strain like that. " So it has been all the time. Your committee goes to 
 Congress and singles out these needy classes ; they present their claim, and the first 
 thing we know the proposition is swept away by the demand that these men shall be 
 treated like everybody else. Eight dollars a month would not do any good to a man 
 who has lost his health ; it would not support him. Our proposition is based upon 
 the idea of keeping our comrades out of the poor-house by giving them a pension 
 adequate to support them. And let me make this suggestion to you : I presented in 
 Congress petitions from my own State, from more than one hundred Grand Army 
 posts, in favor of this 1886 law ; there were petitions presented there representing 
 more than a hundred thousand Grand Army men during the last session of Congress. 
 Is it not astonishing that the gentleman from Massachusetts says that nobody is in 
 favor of that law ? I believe that at the door of the eight-dollar men lays the fault 
 that it is not a law to-day. Shall we do what we possibly may be able to do, or shall 
 we lose the substance while we grapple for the shadow ? Are there any better men 
 in the United States, men more interested in this thing, than your committee on 
 
122 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 pensions ? Look at them ; they are cripples themselves, most of them ; men of long- 
 experience, men of faithful devotion to this cause. They come here and say, "The 
 one is destructive, the other is possible. " You have had three or four years of expe 
 rience knocking at the door of Congress and being driven away, and you are asked 
 to keep on the same road. [Applause.] 
 
 Patch, of Massachusetts I rise to favor the minority report with a great deal of 
 pride and satisfaction, because notwithstanding all the effort that has been made, all 
 the eloquence that has been exhausted, and all the work done against the universal 
 service pension bill, we appear here in this national encampment with the petitions 
 of 1,300 posts made directly to our Commander-in-Chief, and this eight-dollar bill is 
 indorsed by four departments. Surely comrades the growth of the interest in the 
 universal service pension is on the increase. 
 
 Xow Commander-in-Chief: Merrill has led you or some of you to believe, and I 
 do not doubt but what there are honest comrades here w y ho do believe it, that we who 
 favor the eight-dollar bill are opposed to the national pension committee. We refute 
 the charge. We are not opposed to the national pension committee ; \ve do not brand 
 this convention with any stigma of that kind. I personally indorse every recom 
 mendation made by the national pension committee, and I ask this convention to 
 instruct them to take a step upward and forward ; that is all. He says we cannot 
 gain anything unless we stand shoulder to shoulder. That may be true. We ask 
 this convention to instruct this committee so that the entire body of the Grand Army 
 of the Republic may stand shoulder to shoulder, and equal and exact justice be meted 
 out to the wearily waiting pensioners who for years have had their claims slumbering- 
 in the office of the pension department, and \vho for years to come may wait to have 
 them settled. 
 
 Xow we have educated the comrades up to this fact as I said before, so that four 
 departments come here and will vote for it at this time. Does that not indicate to the 
 pension committee and to my comrade Grosvenor, that there is a renewed interest in 
 this thing ? Is it possible that there is an element in the Grand Army opposed to 
 the interest of the soldier ? Does it not show the fact that in the posts of the Grand 
 Army scattered all over this broad land they are taking these pension questions up, 
 discussing them, and as a result sending in 1,300 petitions here. 
 
 Just one word on comrade Merrill s argument in relation to the fee bills ; I am 
 not confident to discuss it upon its merits, but I simply leave it to your calm judg 
 ment w r hen you reflect upon this fact that after all the work of the national pension 
 committee, after all the indorsement of that bill by the national tribune, and it had 
 a powerful interest I admit, after all the work that was done in Congress, the bills 
 that were recommended by the national pension committee failed, and at the very last 
 day of the session a bill certainly not against the interests of the claim agent was 
 run through Congress increasing the fee from ten dollars to twenty-five. I am not 
 here to assail claim agents, but I do not believe that comrade Merrill or any other 
 comrade can show any claim agent getting up and opposing that bill which was run 
 through the last Congress. [Applause.] 
 
 Comrade Merrill says that in the advocacy of its report we shall indorse the 
 proposition to pension the legless, the armless, the eyeless, and all such. Why my com 
 rades if I know anything about pension legislation they have been pensioned long ago. 
 If there is any man who lost his leg in the war or his eye in the war, who is not pen 
 sioned I think it is the fault of the comrade and not of the law ; but here is the 
 point : if there are any such and there are over 200,000 cases in the pension office 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 123 
 
 is it not better that we give them the temporary aid of eight dollars a month 
 rather than to allow them to drag out a weary existence unaided and unhelped ? Com 
 rade Grosvenor says that eight dollars a month would not do any good. I do not 
 know that it would do any good, but I know of many a man in my department, for 
 whom eight dollars a month would almost support his little family, and I know many 
 a comrade who has a little mortgage on his house upon which eight dollars a month 
 would almost pay the interest. [Applause.] 
 
 And where would this money come from ? From the national treasury of the 
 United States whose bonds were made secure by our services, the surplus in whose 
 treasury was put there by you as citizens, as voters, and as tax-payers for the last 
 twenty years. 
 
 It is suggested that we wait until they are sixtj-five years of age. Remember 
 the history of our country ; look back to the time following the War of the Revolu 
 tion ; see the men whose bloody feet trod the snows of Valley Forge waiting for forty 
 years before this infant republic granted them their tard}- pension. We have got the 
 power to-day ; we have the domain to-day ; we have the people to draw revenue from 
 to-day, and in God s name is there any better place to put the money than into the 
 hands of the men who made possible the perpetuity of this republic? [Applause.] 
 
 It is not a great while ago since Mr. Morrison proposed to reduce the revenue. I 
 do not believe in cutting down the revenues of this Government ; I believe in keep 
 ing the tariff where it will protect the laboring population of our country. [Applause.] 
 I believe in the raising of the revenue from the people and distributing it again to 
 the people. And where does it go ? If this bill is passed I do not care what it would 
 cost ; it is not a matter of consideration whether it would cost this Government 
 Si 1 1, 000,000 per year or $60,000,000; the moment that mone} r is disbursed through 
 the pension agencies it passes right into the hands of the people. It has been sug 
 gested by my comrade rather sneeringly that every comrade could go to the post-office 
 and draw his money ; I think a law could be made so that after a man s claim was 
 adjusted he could go to the post-office and get his money from the postmaster, thus 
 distributing that money to the comrades of the Grand Army and infusing into every 
 avenue, trade, industry and new life. \Vhat we want in this coiintry in order to 
 make people prosperous and happy is not a limited contraction of the currency, not 
 a hoarding of it up in vast sums, but a broad and liberal distribution of it among the 
 people. This money would go to the home of every comrade of the order. [Applause.] 
 This money would gladden the heart of many a poor soldier whose eyes are looking 
 forward to the time when he shall go down to his grave perhaps in poverty and desti 
 tution ; it would carry comfort to the children of these men ; and it would be the per 
 fecting of that obligation which was promised to the men who risked everything 
 even life itself, to save the Constitution and the flag. [Applause.] 
 
 Now, we are told there is a syndicate in New York ready to take all these claims 
 up at ten dollars apiece. I can not answer that comrades, though it may be true ; 
 but I thank God that the syndicate don t ask twenty-five dollars, as the claim agents 
 do. [Applause.] 
 
 Now, I leave this to your calm and deliberate judgment, whether it is better to 
 wait till men have both feet in the grave before you pass this pension law, or whether 
 we should stand shoulder to shoulder to-day in our might, and demand it of the 
 Government. The talk that it is impossible to get it is as idle as the talk was that it 
 was impossible to abolish slavers . I do not propose to drag politics into this dis 
 cussion, but I tell you if every comrade in this convention would return to the 
 
124 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 district from whence he comes, and assemble there as veteran soldiers, not as com 
 rades of the Grand Army, and say to every nominee for Congress who proposes to be 
 elected this fall, " You shall pledge yourself to support that bill, or you shall not be 
 elected, " I tell you that bill would pass in sixty days. [Applause.] 
 
 Now, I close by saying, that it is a measure of justice, it is a measure of bene 
 faction ; it will benefit the poorer class of people in this country ; it will enable those 
 comrades who are waiting to receive temporary benefit until such time as the cum 
 brous legislation can be gotten through ; it will benefit every post of the Grand 
 Army, because it will place at the disposal of even- comrade eight dollars a month ; 
 those who are generous and noble-hearted would turn it over to the posts, and we 
 wouM all be happier and better. [Applause.] 
 
 Campbell, of Kansas This question ought to be simplified ; the discussion is 
 taking too wide a range. There are but two questions that \ve ought to consider ; 
 on the Merrill side of this question, first, that all need} soldiers w r ho are under sixty- 
 five years of age, who have any disability, whether contracted in the service or not, 
 shall be pensioned, and when the} are over sixty-five years of age they -shall be 
 placed upon the pension-roll as a matter of right. [Applause.] On the other side, the 
 proposition is that ever} soldier, rich or poor, no matter whether he is disabled or 
 not, shall receive a pension of eight dollars a month. Now, they talk about the 
 justice of that proposition. Here is a man who has contracted disease, who is so 
 sick and disabled that he can scarcely stagger to the pension office to get his pension, 
 and here am I, weighing two hundred and twenty pounds, hale and hearty, and I 
 walk up alongside of that poor, feeble soldier, and stick eight dollars a month down 
 in my groins. I say it is a gross injustice upon the face of it to pay eight dollars a 
 month to me, hale and hearty as I am, money which ought to be given to the men 
 who need it. Every healthy soldier in this country, every man who has his two 
 hands and his brain and his heart has a country, praise God, in which he can earn 
 an honest living, and he need not want any pension. [Applause.] For my own 
 part, I am ashamed of the proposition, and whenever you go to Congress with it you 
 will be frowned down in the future, as you have been in years gone by, and as, in 
 my judgment, you ought to be. The man who fought for the flag, and who retained 
 his physical manhood, who came out of the war hale and hearty and well, and who 
 has not yet been disabled in the great battle of life, resists the proposition. He 
 don t want that eight dollars a month. I don t want it until disease has racked my 
 body, until, in the struggle of life, I am overcome by. adversity ; but I do want this: 
 Whenever I get into trouble ; whenever I get diseased ; whenever, in the struggle of 
 life, I become unable to take care of myself, I then have a right to go to the Govern 
 ment for which I risked my life in her hour of trial, and say to her, "You shall 
 protect me in my hour of trouble." [Applause.] I lay that proposition at the 
 foundation of all pension legislation. This Government has no right to refuse a 
 pension to any man who wore the blue when he needs a pension ; and this Govern 
 ment has a right to refuse him a pension if he does not need it. If he does need it, 
 he ought to have it, and he must have it, and a united Grand Army upon that prop 
 osition will go like an army with banners through the land, and we will compel that 
 much. [Cries of "good, " and applause.] We can go to the people of this country, 
 and we can secure that. We can not secure any more, and, in my judgment, we 
 ought not to secure any more. [Applause.] 
 
 Kountx, of Ohio I wish to say but this, that two posts in Ohio, the largest 
 posts in Ohio, organized in 1866, posts that have held up the banner of the Grand 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 125 
 
 Army of the Republic from that day to this, have expressed themselves upon this 
 subject. On Friday night, two weeks ago, Butler Post, with 380 members, voted 
 against the eight dollars a month proposition ; and the Forsyth Post, with 700 mem 
 bers, voted in favor of Senate bill No. 1886, and against the eight-dollar proposition. 
 
 Commander-in-Chief Burdett Perhaps it is unusual for the chair to take the 
 floor in a case of this kind, but I do so under a very deep sense of duty and responsi 
 bility. My time as Commander-in-Chief has well-nigh expired; you can give me 
 no more honors ; I am free, and at liberty to express the honest sentiments of my 
 heart on this subject without any fear whatsoever. Now, comrades, let us be honest 
 first, and honest all the time. The strongest argument I have ever heard made is, 
 that if you pass the eight-dollar bill there will be no more claim agents. Not a bit 
 of it. The present pension laws are on the basis that those who have received pen 
 sions have been damaged so much, and the amount paid them is paid for the purpose 
 of evening them up to the level of dead men. Now, do 3-011 propose, in order to pay 
 well men eight dollars a month, to repeal or modify laws which made the sick man 
 your equal ? Do you intend to do so ? [Cries of "No, no."] If you do not intend 
 to do it, then every law, every claim agent, every system now in existence goes on, 
 even if you pass your eight dollars a month bill every one of them, and it is false 
 to comrades to tell them that it is not so. You simply propose, on top of the legisla 
 tion which justly undertakes to make sick men equal to well men, to give to the well 
 man eight dollars a month, and that is all there is in it. If now and then there is a 
 man who cannot be pensioned under the present laws, and who is need}*, he is an 
 exception; and not the rule; and I say to you when you use that class of men as an 
 instance you are using a pennyworth of bVead to a shilling s worth of sack. Here is 
 my principal complaint against this thing : I say to you, comrades, who are now 
 urging the eight dollars a month pension bill, that one hundred and eleven millions 
 a year is a vast sum to take out of the pockets of this people and mind you, it 
 comes out of the pockets of the Grand Army men as well as other men. Now, this 
 is my complaint against you, made in all good faith and earnestness and fraternity, 
 that you are proposing to take that vast amount out of the treasury for the benefit of 
 the well man, and by so much you are depriving the nation of its capacity to pay the 
 sick. [Applause.] It is not fair ; it is not right; it is not fraternal. [Applause.] 
 I have one other thought, and then I sit down. Say what you please about our 
 having earned it, and take my word for it, the moment this great body of three hun 
 dred thousand ex-soldiers passes a measure to take out of the pockets of the whole 
 people this vast amount of money to put into the pockets of well and hearty veterans, 
 3 T ou put him in the position to be called not a legionary of Rome, but a mercenary or 
 the Republic. [Applause.] I took no detriment by the war. Why should I be paid 
 eight dollars a month. I have received honor from my fellow-citizens and from my 
 country. Why should I have eight dollars a month ? It is not my price. [Applause.] 
 And let me tell Comrade Patch Gud bless him ! whenever you go into the canvass, 
 and begin to say to candidates for Congress, "Unless 3-011 agree to support that 
 measure down you go ! " that there are thousands upon thousands of Grand Army 
 men who will say, "No, you don t. " [Applause.] If you know aught about it, 3-011 
 know you cannot pass such a measure, so yhy run the risk of putting a cloud upon 
 the glorious brow of the Grand Army of the Republic in an effort which will certainly 
 fail ? [Applause.] 
 
 Coring Allow me to ask you one question. According to the table of the com 
 missioner s last report, there were 280,000 claims pending and unsettled ; according 
 
126 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 to the table of ratings, there are 26,000 who draw $2 ; 60,000 who draw $4, and 34,000 
 drawing $6, and I simply ask, will not this measure give them at least $8. 
 
 The Commander in Chief Yes, most certainly. And why do they receive that ? 
 In the judgment of sworn officers men most competent and most honest, two dollars 
 a month is all the detriment they have taken ; the whole of it is, you give them six 
 dollars a month more, and then they will simply be receiving eight dollars on the 
 basis of well men. That is all. 
 
 On a vote being reached, Loring demanded the yeas and nays, which was 
 seconded by members from two other departments, and it seemed that the encamp 
 ment would be obliged to waste an hour or two of its time in the call of the roll, 
 when General Logan made the point that the rules required that the call for the yeas 
 and nays must be from comrades representing the whole vote of three different depart 
 ments. The Commander-in-Chief was disposed to treat this as an appeal from his 
 decision, a position which General Logan said he did not wish to assume, when Funk, 
 of Illinois, made a formal appeal from the decision of the chair, and a vote being 
 taken the decision of the chair was not sustained, and the vote was taken by a divi 
 sion of the house, resulting in 86 yeas to 327 nays. The report of the committee 
 upon the subject was then adopted, and also the report of the committee on pensions. 
 
 THE NEXT ENCAMPMENT. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief announced that in the order of -business the convention 
 had reached the matter of fixing the place of holding the next annual encampment. 
 
 Hamlin, of Maine At the request of o^d friends and comrades from Alabama, 
 Georgia, and Tennessee, I rise to extend to you an invitation to hold your next 
 encampment in the good old city of Nashville. In considering this invitation I beg 
 you to remember that some respect is due to the loj-alty of that State which sent 73,- 
 ooo men into the Union armies. I beg you to recollect that no part of the countr\- 
 was more devoted in its loyalty than East Tennessee. For instance, the count}- of 
 Sevier, which sent into the Union army more men than it had voters, match that if 
 you can in any part of the loyal North ! 
 
 I beg you to remember that in this department there are many historic battle 
 fields ; that there are more than 80,000 of your comrades lying under the sod ; I wish 
 to assure you that the loyal people of Tennessee are ready to meet you with out 
 stretched arms, and that your old comrades are waiting for an opportunity to see 3-011 
 once more. I am authorized also to state that you will receive an earnest and a hearty 
 reception from the men who fought you so long and so bravely. [Applause.] 
 
 Chamberlain, of Tennessee I am here as a representative of the department of 
 Tennessee, Georgia, and Alabama. I am a native of the good old State of Pennsyl 
 vania, and all the fighting that I did during the war was as an officer from that State. 
 Since the war closed, however, it has been my fortune to have passed my lot with the 
 people of the South. I have been a resident of Nashville ever since 1863, and if there 
 is any one here who is capable of judging of the feelings of the people of that coun 
 try, I think I am. I have mixed with them in all their walks of life, socially, politi 
 cally, and otherwise. Now we claim for the people of the South, that up to this time 
 we have not had proper recognition in this Grand Army. Take the entire South if 
 you will, from the Atlantic to this place whose shore is washed by the Pacific ; take 
 the line of the Ohio and extend it west, and never have the Grand Army of the 
 Republi^ met once within its borders ; only once has it at all been south of Mason 
 and Dixon s line, and that was in Baltimore. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. I ll 
 
 Now we claim that although a large majority and a great proportion of the peo 
 ple of the South were disloyal, yet we claim that there was a portion of the people of 
 Tennessee, aye, nearly half of them, who were as loj T al as you or I or any other man 
 dared to be. [Applause.] Men who were hunted over the Cumberland Mountains, 
 and through the savannas of the South ; men w r ho were forced against their will into 
 the Confederate;army. It is true that the wealth and a large portion of the intelli 
 gence of that State was with the Confederate army, but over 40,000 white men, as 
 will be shown by the reports of the adjutant-general of that State took up arms for 
 this Union, and fought as you have fought. The same sun shines upon them that 
 shines upon you of the North. There are no valleys anywhere more fertile, no peo 
 ple anywhere throughout this country who are more entitled to proper recognition 
 than the loyal people of that country. [Applause.] 
 
 Now then, as to our capacity to entertain you : it is true that we have not the 
 enormous resources of the State of California ; I do not know where, vinder the sun 
 I do not know where, in any city of the East we would have been entertained as 
 royally as we have been entertained here. [Applause.] I will say this : that if you 
 people are fearful that you are not going to be treated properly when you come there 
 to Nashville, I say now you are greatly mistaken as it is possible for you to be. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 A voice It has been stated that the hotel accommodations are nowhere near 
 adequate to the needs of this large convention. I believe that is an important ques 
 tion to be considered. 
 
 Chamberlain I wish to state in reply to that, that two years ago I attended a 
 meeting of the encampment at Minneapolis. The hotel accommodations there, 
 apparently, were inadequate, yet I heard of no suffering. The hotel accommodations 
 at Nashville are almost equal, if not fully equal, to those of Minneapolis and there 
 is another thing we have a people there who will entertain you ; the hinges of 
 their doors will continually swing, and you will have free access and egress into and 
 from all their houses. 
 
 And I want to tell you another thing. We have a large camp-ground there belong 
 ing to the State, the State fair-grounds, which were recently purchased, with lines of 
 railroad running through it, and the}- are putting up new buildings there now. The 
 accommodations at the present time are sufficient in my estimation for from 15,000 to 
 20,000 people. 
 
 Winters, of Tennessee From the rostrum of a number of State departments I 
 have extended to you, on behalf of the citizens of Nashville, an invitation to cele 
 brate the twenty-first anniversary of the organization of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic, on the old battle-fields and camping-grounds at Nashville. In extending 
 those invitations to you I have made certain pledges ; I pledge you that the citizens 
 of Nashville stand ready to guarantee a fund of $25,000 for your entertainment. I 
 stand here to-day with that guarantee in my hand, signed by the wealthiest men and 
 the most prosperous merchants of Nashville, who said to the committee that if 
 $25,000 is not sufficient, they can have thirtj-, forty, or even fifty thousand. 
 [Applause.] Tennessee and Tennesseeans, always jealous of their reputation for 
 open-handed and open-hearted hospitality, will maintain that pledge if it costs them 
 $100,000. 
 
 I will also make another pledge to you, my comrades : that a rate of one cent a mile 
 with circuitous route tickets would be given you. The southern passenger agents 
 agreed on the 24th of June last upon a rate of one cent a mile of distance traveled, 
 
128 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 with circuitous route tickets, and should the encampment desire to make special 
 excursions to any of the old battle-fields, a special rate of one cent a mile will be 
 made. 
 
 I want to say to you that I know from personal observation that nine-tenths of 
 the rank and file of the Grand Army of the Republic want to go to Nashville ; they 
 want to stand upon the old battle-fields once more ; they want to visit the battle-field 
 of Fort Donelson, where the first victory was gained in the war ; they want to stand 
 on that historic spot where Thomas stood when he shattered Hood s backbone at 
 Nashville ; they want to go to Stone River, where 7,000 white marble stones stand 
 to mark the graves of those who fell ; they want to stand upon Lookoiit Mountain 
 and Missionary Ridge ; and they want to go down to Atlanta where you can see what 
 has been done by the energy and pluck of the Yankee boys who have gone down 
 there ahead of you, and we can guarantee you a reception such as you never have 
 had anywhere, except in San Francisco. [Applause.] 
 
 Grosvenor, of Ohio I have a letter here which I feel it my duty to read. I 
 should not have presented myself in advocacy of Nashville, although I have been an 
 ardent supporter of that proposition for three years, had I known that a city in my 
 own State would ask for the honor of this encampment. I received this letter since 
 I came here : 
 
 NASHVILLE, Tenn., July 22, 1886. 
 
 Hon. C. H. Grosvenor, Washington, D. C., Representative of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic : SIR Our pleasant meeting in our city gives me the pleasure of addressing 
 you. Eighty-three years of a not unhappy but an eventful life I have lived. In the 
 course of nature but very few more can be allotted to me. Before I die I would that 
 mine eyes could see the grand reunion of my beloved country in the city where my 
 dear husband lies, see the veterans of the North camping in unity where they once 
 did in anger, and those who wore the gray shaking hands with them as fellow-coun 
 trymen in the fellowship of a common destiny. I cannot but think that the meeting 
 of the Grand Army of the Republic in Nashville in 1887 would be the great turning 
 point in the complete reconciliation of the land my husband presided over, and whose 
 unity is dear to my own heart. God grant that the veterans may come once more. 
 Yours in fraternity and old-fashioned loyalty, 
 
 MRS. JAMES K. POLK, 
 
 Polk Place, Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 By unanimous vote, Mrs. Polk s letter was directed to be copied in the proceed 
 ings of the encampment, when printed. 
 
 Feighan, of Kansas In behalf of the young State of Kansas, I am authorized 
 to invite you to hold the twenty-first encampment in that State. [Applause.] It 
 would be a graceful thing for the national encampment of the Grand Army to reach 
 its majority and celebrate its twenty-first birthday on the soil that received the first blood 
 that was spilled in behalf of the Union. Here is a young State in the twenty-fifth year 
 of its age, with a population of a little less than a million and a half, and a soldier 
 population of 120,000 a State that can welcome the Grand Army of the Republic 
 and will be proud to show them the improvements of a loyal State peopled by Grand 
 Army men. [Applause.] We need not tell you that a soldier s house is open to his 
 friends ; you need no letter of introduction ; you need no certificate to entitle you to 
 a welcome in the State of Kansas. We invite you to a State where the governor 
 wears upon his breast the badge of the Grand Arni3 r , and who will extend a fraternal 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 129 
 
 greeting to you when you come. [Applause.] We invite you to a State whpse 
 every State officer, save one, wears the badge of the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 [Applause.] We invite you to a State whose delegates in Congress for the last fifteen 
 years have earnestly spoken in behalf of soldiers on every proposition. [Applause.] 
 We invite you to a State that during the war furnished more soldiers than it had 
 voters. [Applause.] Where twenty-two per cent of its men shouldered their muskets 
 in behalf of the Union, and fought and helped to make this nation free and great and 
 glorious. [Applause.] 
 
 We desire to say that Kansas has five trunk lines that carry you to its center for 
 one cent a mile ; we have more corn-fed beef to the square mile than any State in the 
 Union ; we have larger potatoes and more roasting-ears ; we have, standing on its 
 own legs, the first soldiers home west of the Mississippi River, where the maimed 
 and crippled are gathered from the great Mississippi Valley and cared for and watched 
 over by hearts as loyal as any that beat in this great country of ours ; we have in 
 that State Fort Leaven worth, with all its historical memories ; we have more hand 
 some women. [Applause.] And I would say to my friend from Massachusetts, that 
 we have furnished more loyal husbands to the Yankee schoolma ams in Kansas than 
 any other State in the Union. We have no Chinese or Mormons, thank God ! Com 
 rades, we come to you as soldiers ; we come to you as citizens, who represent every 
 organization in the United States army ; and we ask you to come and see your 
 brothers, your sons, your daughters, and your friends, and let Kansas once more 
 tremble under the tread of loyal men who have accomplished a good work. Come 
 and see what we are doing on the frontier. [Applause.] 
 
 Chipman, of California I would like to inquire to what particular town in 
 Kansas we are invited ? 
 
 Campbell, of Kansas I will answer that question Topeka. [Applause.] I 
 want to talk to you a little while about coming over to Kansas to see us next year. 
 I received a letter from the Governor of our State, Hon. John A. Martin, since I came 
 to this city, stating that he is authorized by the Legislature of that State, and by the 
 people of the city that we represent, that the most ample provision, so far as money 
 is concerned, will be made for this encampment. He wants me to say, in the name 
 of the State of Kansas and in the name of 120,000 veterans who lived in that loyal 
 State, that the hearts and homes of every one of them stand open to receive this 
 encampment next year, and bid you a glorious welcome. I want to say to you that 
 we are prepared to entertain you, and as many people as can get there. There has 
 been some doubt expressed about the capacity of Kansas and its people to take care 
 of you. True, we can not give you the royal welcome that you have had here ; this 
 is too rich for your blood. [Applause and laughter.] If we keep this thing up for a 
 little while, it will shorten all our lives ; we can not stand it ; but I will tell you we 
 have got lots to eat ; we have more sow-belly and hard-tack in Kansas than you ever 
 saw ; we have got everything arranged so that the veterans who come there can go 
 right into camp. Here, in California, we have been drinking wine until we have 
 forgotten the old boys back home, who have not been able to come here. We went 
 away East last year ; this year we come where the roar of the old Pacific is in our 
 ears ; next year let us go where there are 120,000 of our soldiers living, right in the 
 center of this great country, \vho can not get away from their homes, but who hope 
 that our encampment will come and see them. Let us not forget them. We can not 
 entertain you as California has ; but I want to tell you that the capacity of Topeka 
 and of Kansas to entertain people is only bounded by the number of those who 
 
130 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 come. We had over 50,000 strangers within our gates at the last encampment of the 
 State of Kansas alone, and if there was one who went away from there dissatisfied 
 with his entertainment, we have yet to find it out. We entertained in the city, with 
 out putting up a single tent, nearly 7,000 teachers a few weeks ago, and every one 
 of them was satisfied ; and there is not a home in Topeka, not a private house, but 
 what has a hole cut in the door and a leather latch-string hanging on the outside. 
 [Laughter and applause.] 
 
 We ask you to come to the State \vhere old John Brown made the record of the 
 Union. [Applause.] His soul is marching on ! We ask you to come to a State that 
 sent more men into the w r ar than she had voters she had 19,000 voters and .sent 
 20,000 men into the army ; we ask you to come to a State that left more men in pro 
 portion to population, upon the battle-fields of the South, than any other State in 
 this Union ; we ask you to come to a State that has more soldiers within her borders 
 at this moment, in proportion to her population than any other State in this 
 Union ; we ask you to come to a State with a million and a half of population, and 
 more than 20,000 Grand Army men in it a larger proportion of Grand Army men 
 than any other State in the Union. We do not want you to go by the home of old 
 John Brown ; we do not want you to go by the place where the war began five years 
 before 1861, and where the blood which was there shed dedicated the State to freedom; 
 we do not want you to go by the home of liberty where it fought its first battle in 
 this country, in order to go down South to visit a lot of graves. That is all I have 
 got to say ; Topeka conies to you, bearing upon her breast the invitation from a million 
 and a half of people nearly half of whom are soldiers and their families ; we come 
 bearing you that invitation ; ovir capacity to entertain you is just as big as our hearts. 
 I thank j^ou for your attention, and I want you to come to Topeka, and don t you 
 forget it. [Applause.] 
 
 Earl, of New York It would not be fair to the State of New York not to extend 
 an invitation to meet there. Upon the part of the city of Brooklyn, in the county of 
 Kings, I extend to this encampment an invitation to meet at Coney Island. There are 
 some comrades here who do not know what Coney Island is : it is a city by the sea, 
 and its hotel accommodations are better than those of any other city in the State of 
 New York. It is a suburb of the city of New York, and I will guarantee that if the 
 next encampment is held at Coney Island, you will have a splendid reception not as 
 good as we have had here, because that would be impossible. I have nothing more 
 to say except to extend you this invitation. 
 
 General Sherman Comrades, I am deputed by the delegation from Missouri to 
 invite your next encampment to the city of St. Louis. I presume 3-011 all have 
 studied geography and know as much about statistics as it appears necessary for me 
 to present. St. Louis appears to be the great central city of our continent, and I 
 assure you that, from personal residence there through nearly thirty years, there are no 
 better people on the face of the globe. Their history was a little mixed, because 
 negroes and mules once prospered there, but they have gone. St. Louis is now a 
 k>3*al city, filled with merchants, lawyers, bankers, and business men of the first class; 
 wdth hotels capable of receiving sixty, yea, a hundred, thousand without disturbing; 
 the peace of any family, and therefore St. Louis offers you and generously tenders 
 you the welcome to which you are entitled. We want these Kansas people to come 
 and see us, and we want Illinois and Indiana and Ohio, Wisconsin and Michigan to come 
 and see us. There are twenty -one roads centering in St. Louis, and anybody west of 
 the Alleghanies and east of the Rockies may come there without losing a night s 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 131 
 
 sleep, and those beyond, not more than one night, save in California, where it takes 
 four and one-half days of convenient travel. St. Louis is the center of the Wai 
 people of the United States, and, therefore, in the name of the delegation from Mis 
 souri, which has given you no trouble and which answered before roll-call when }*ou 
 first assembled, I ask you to come there. We sympathize with our friends of Nash 
 ville, and will go there with pleasure at some future time ; and as to Topeka, Kansas, 
 there is not a man in this assembly but what rejoices at what we have heard upon 
 this stand to-day, that 40,000 loyal Kansans can assemble there in a few hours. In 
 St. Louis we can bring them from Illinois, Michigan, Pennsylvania, and New York. 
 Come to us and see the people of St. Louis. The delegation representing that people 
 tender you the hospitalities of that great city. Here in San Francisco they always 
 do things on a high scale, and we in St. Louis may not be able to put up as much 
 bunting and subscribe as much money, but so far as the substantials of life are 
 concerned, and so far as generosity and hospitality are concerned, I assure you the 
 fullest measure, and heartily invite you there individually and as the representative 
 of the delegation to which I belong. [Applause.] 
 
 D. P. Dyer, of St. Louis I deem it a great privilege to stand before the men who 
 are assembled here and bring from Missouri and from St. Louis a most pressing invi 
 tation to you to come there in your next encampment. I most heartily indorse much 
 that has been said about the location of the next encampment. Last year you were 
 upon the Atlantic coast ; this year upon the Pacific ; many of you have come here 
 because you were able to come, and because you were sent by your respective States ; 
 no gentleman has come to California I am sure who is sorry that he came ; every one 
 is glad that he came here. But I do not know of a more fitting place for your next 
 encampment than St. Louis ; you have visited the two oceans bordering our country 
 on the east and west ; now come to our great inland sea, which extends from Cairo to 
 New Orleans, come and tramp upon the banks of the old Mississippi ; her waters 
 wash the graves of thousands of our patriotic dead ; the picket line of the war was 
 in Missouri ; it was there where the struggle occurred between the Union men on the 
 one side and the Secessionists upon the other. Those of you who were there during 
 that struggle know something of the conflict. Man} 7 of you were mustered in at Ben- 
 ton Barracks in St. Louis, named for Missouri s great Senator, who, thirty-five years 
 ago, standing in St. Louis, pointed to California and said : " there is the East ; there 
 is China." We want you to come to St. Louis ; come and see the military encamp 
 ment, and see the many beauties that our people have scattered around through the 
 city. Benton Barracks where thousands and thousands of soldiers were mustered in, 
 and thousands and thousands were mustered out at the close of the war by the 
 enterprise and energy of our people it has been improved until they have become the 
 most beautiful grounds that are to be seen in any part of the continent to-day. The 
 parks that surround our cit} are very beautiful, one of them containing more 
 than 1,300 acres by the direction of the mayor will be open to the Grand Army of 
 the Repxiblic during the encampment. We have built during the past few years a 
 building not surpassed by any in the world for the purpose for which you will need 
 it. There is an exposition building with a grand hall, a music hall, which will seat 
 from five to six thousand persons, and another hall that will seat from two to three 
 thousand, all open to you. We have more than twenty railroads centering in St. 
 Louis ; and more than anything else you will see the rank and file of the grand old 
 army that followed Sherman and Grant and Logan to the sea. [Applause.] I want 
 to say this for Missouri : she stands ready to welcome you. I would not dare to say 
 
132 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 before you that such a royal welcome as you received here will be given, but the 
 hearts of their people are true to the Union to-day ; they were true in the dark days 
 of the country s history, and they have been true ever since. We sent from that city 
 at the beginning of the war a man who served under the command of General Sher 
 man, who commanded a corps that many of you served in, and whose courage saved 
 Missouri to the Union in 1861, that was Frank P. Blair, of St. Louis. [Applause.] 
 We recognized these things at that time, in the dark days of our State s history. 
 There came a young officer from New England who was in command of the arsenal 
 there, whose military star flashed like a meteor, and whose life was given to his 
 country at the battle of Wilson s Creek, in Missouri, General Nathaniel Lyon. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 We ask you to come to St. Louis because we know we can take care of you. It 
 is an honor to any locality to have you come ; it would be an honor to Nashville or to 
 Kansas ; but there upon the Mississippi, where you can depend vipon Illinois, and 
 Missouri, and Kansas, and Iowa, and Wisconsin, and Minnesota, and Michigan, 
 where you can see a parade of a hundred thousand veterans who followed the old flag 
 to the sea. [Applause.] Come there and give the boys a chance ; give the posts a 
 chance. Here you see two or three men representing a post ; there you will see the 
 entire body coming. We are only just across the river from Illinois we are the next- 
 door neighbor of John A. Logan [applause], and there are no men who love him 
 better than do the loyal soldiery of Missouri. We stand guard, as it were, at the 
 tomb of Abraham Lincoln. Come there, and we will give you a two hours ride to 
 Springfield, where his body lies. 
 
 It will do you good to breathe the air of the Mississippi Valley ; it will do you 
 good to see our greatness, our prosperity. Come there, and Missouri will take care 
 of you ; St. Louis will take care of you. All we ask is for you to come and see us. 
 
 I have only to ask for two minutes time for a distinguished gentleman from 
 California, who has done so much to make our stay here pleasant only a word or 
 two from him in reference to Missouri. I call on Colonel Stuart Taylor, whose 
 eloquent words you have heard since you have been in California. [Applause.] 
 
 Taylor, of California It was not my intention to lift my voice on this interesting 
 question, but I have been very much thrilled by what has been said to-day. I heard 
 yesterday from a cherished comrade that the most illustrious soldier of this Republic 
 had expressed a certain wish, and I could only remain silent because I knew that if 
 any of the California comrades came upon the platform and made a request, you felt 
 so grateful to us for what we have tried to do for you that you would say, "Yes, we 
 will go where California wants us to go!" We have not come to do that ; modesty 
 forbids. [Laughter.] It had been my earnest desire to see the national encampment 
 pitch its tents on that sacred and historic field where first our flag displayed its stars 
 and stripes in 1776 fateful Saratoga ! I wanted to see the members of the national 
 encampment climb the rugged heights of Ticonderoga and listen to the living echoes 
 of the voice that thundered for its surrender in the name of Jehovah and the Conti 
 nental Congress. [Applause.] 
 
 There was a sentiment also linked with Nashville which appealed to many. The 
 men whose valorous hands tore down the gateway to its capture in our dreadful days 
 of shadow longed eagerly again to wander about its streets and look upon the adja 
 cent fields once red with brothers blood, where now, thank God! the wild-flowers 
 blossom ; where happy industry and sweet content find homes, and where is guarded, 
 too, the precious dust of thousands of our comrades within its sacred city of the 
 silent. [Applause.] 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 138 
 
 Others cast wistful eyes to Dayton, where is sheltered the soldiers home, in 
 which a grateful country guards the crippled men who helped to place the stars of 
 the Union banner side by side with the eternal stars of heaven. [Applause.] 
 
 Topeka, Kansas, has its champions, too ; and Brooklyn, where on ever}- block 
 there are two churches, which we need so much, and from whose spires the bells of 
 charity and peace would chime sweet messages of love and welcome. [Applause.] 
 
 All these are centers of deepest interest; but when I heard that the nation s 
 greatest living soldier had expressed a request, it was for me, comrades, a command. 
 [Applause.] And I know that you, gentlemen so many of whom followed the 
 stirring music of his drums in that matchless march from far Atlanta to where the 
 welcoming waters of the sea shouted their hymns of joy will also take his request 
 as a command. [Applause.] 
 
 So, now, permit me, in very few words, to beg, comrades, that you will sanction 
 his wishes with your consent. Who deserves our allegiance to his will as does that 
 modest and distinguished soldier who has just addressed }-ou ? [Applause.] Who 
 living has done so much for }^ou ? Though still hearty and hale, time has begun to 
 crown him with the glory of whitened hairs, and ere many years the last of the 
 unmatched three will cheer us never more with his inspiring voice and presence. 
 Before he goes hence to clasp the hand of our old commander, Grant, who waits to 
 welcome him beside the throne above the stars, let us gladden his heroic heart, and 
 make the next national encampment in the home of the reptiblic s great chieftain, 
 William Tecumseh Sherman, beautiful St. Louis. [Cheers.] 
 
 Beath, of Pennsylvania I shall occupy but very little of your time; I think 
 that there should be a little reciprocity in this matter. I think it right that the 
 Western comrades should go a little East, and so relieve, to a certain extent, the 
 pocket-books of a large portion of the comrades. Feeling thus, when a great hotel 
 city was named, one large enough to accommodate this national encampment Saratoga 
 Springs I said that I would heartily second the motion for the encampment to go to 
 Saratoga. I believe we should go there, and yet I am compelled to acknowledge that 
 when old "Pap " Sherman asks us to go anywhere, I feel like packing up my knap 
 sack and following him, and it is so with my delegation, and we have rather gone 
 back on our first impression. But, notwithstanding these things, I believe we ought 
 to go to Saratoga Springs for the next meeting of our national encampment. There 
 is excellent hotel accommodation, and low rates .will be assured. The railroad facil 
 ities are first-class, and the fares will be of the lowest. When you come there, as 
 has been said with reference to several other places that have been mentioned, you 
 will be welcome. General William Tecumseh Sherman will receive as much atten 
 tion at Saratoga as at St. Louis. I am in favor of keeping these encampments in 
 those cities where the greatest attention would be paid to General Sherman and to 
 the soldiers of the Grand Army, and that attention they will receive anywhere in the 
 North, East, and West. I believe it is not to the interest of the Grand Army that 
 we should go to Nashville this time. 
 
 Van DerVoort, of Nebraska It having been my lot to spend two years in 
 attempting to make this encampment of San Francisco a success, I feel my heart 
 welling out in gratitude towards the comrades of New York and New England, who 
 voted solid for the city of San Francisco, and having made my pledge to do all I 
 could to locate the encampment at their doors, I stand here to-day in favor of the city 
 of Saratoga as the next location for the national encampment. I want to say a few 
 practical words in regard to this matter. I believe when I state what a place will do 
 
134 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 from my own personal knowledge that you will remember what I said that San Fran 
 cisco would do, and take my word for the city of Saratoga in this respect. I was 
 present at the meeting of the hotel men of the city of Saratoga, representing first- 
 class hotel accommodations for 40,000 people, each hotel there owned or run by a 
 comrade of the Grand Army of the Republic, and I made at their hands a pledge that 
 in those magnificent hotels no rate should be above four dollars, except in the Grand 
 Union, and that all the others should be three dollars and below ; the great hotels of 
 Saratoga and Congress Hall, accommodating 2,000 people, would give a rate of two 
 dollars and a half a day, no matter what room the comrades occupy, and without 
 regard to accommodation. Further than that, the citizens of Saratoga have now 
 pledged $30,000 for the entertainment of this national encampment. They also 
 guarantee free excursions to Ticonderoga and Sclurylerville, and you can go from the 
 city of Saratoga upon the narrow-gauge road across the rugged mountains to the spot 
 where the great lion-hearted soldier of the age laid down his life and from whence his 
 great soul ascended to glory. Speak of history ! Speak of battle-fields ! The valley 
 of Saratoga is replete with historical associations. From the inception of this Gov 
 ernment it has been the marching and fighting ground of the Indian, and the French, 
 and the English, and at last, upon the plain of Saratoga was fought the battle that 
 made it possible that we should be here as free American citizens. Now as to rail 
 roads, I have the pledge of the passenger agents of the New York Central, the West 
 Shore, the Fitchburg & Hoosac Tunnel, the Vermont Central, and all lines centering 
 there, that the rates shall be the lowest ever given if the encampment is held at about 
 the date that it was held in Portland. There are 120,000 men within easy reach of 
 Saratoga; 120,000 men can get there at a rate of fare not exceeding ten dollars for 
 the round trip for those farthest away. It is a spot of beauty ; it is a spot that forms 
 the fairest picture on the face of the earth, and after the enjoyment of the wines of 
 California, it is about time that you get down to mineral water. [Laughter.] 
 
 Now, my comrades, I believe in reciprocating what the comrades of the East did. 
 I believe in being magnanimous upon this subject. We went to Portland last year, 
 and the comrades from the East and New York located the encampment here, and 
 their judgment has been approved now by the whole membership of the Grand Army 
 of the Republic. Let us make another pilgrimage to the spot where the old hero 
 died ; let us stand up and cross over to the eastern shore again, and let us go there 
 with a rallying cry in favor of the flag on the historic plains of Saratoga. I have no 
 word to utter against any other city. I have no bitter feelings about any other city. 
 I know the loyal place of Tennessee. It was my lot to march with them ; it was my 
 lot to be with the loyal men of Tennessee in the western mountains. I say to you 
 that the place from whence the loyal men came in Tennessee, the great mass of them 
 who enrolled their names on the muster-roll of the Republic, was not in the imme 
 diate vicinity of the city of Nashville ; it was in Knoxville, Chattanooga, and all 
 around; in the midst of those mountains they lifted their flag on high, and dared to 
 die that this nation might live. My judgment, from my interest in the Grand Army, 
 is against crossing the river into a Southern State where those who stood shoulder to 
 shoulder against us in line of battle are in the majority. [Applause.] I believe in 
 the encampment going where the whole mass of the people will rise up and sing the 
 songs of liberty, the joyful songs that have thrilled our hearts and glorified our 
 nation, and lifted up our hearts in love. 
 
 Howell, of Ohio I have not the voice of the comrade who preceded me, and I 
 can only be heard by your keeping silence. It would be strange if Ohio could cross 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 135 
 
 the continent, and come to the Pacific slope, and ask of this national encampment 
 nothing. You have found in your seats, on the floor of this encampment, a circular 
 stating the advantages of Dayton for the next national encampment. I want simply 
 to make to you a plain statement, and extend to you an invitation, and leave the case 
 with }^ou. I want to say, first, that we, in the cit}^ of Dayton, are within one hun 
 dred miles of the center of population of the whole United States, and we are nearer 
 to the great masses of the Grand Army of the Republic than any place yet named. 
 I want to state to you that our citizens are backing this invitation, and in my hand 
 I hold an invitation from the city council of our city, and also from the mayor of our 
 city, and from the Grand Army posts of our city, cordially inviting the twenty-first 
 national encampment to hold its session in Dayton, Ohio. I want to say, that in the 
 vicinity of Dayton, within two miles of it, we have the original soldiers home, a 
 place of 640 acres, beautifully laid out in landscape gardening, and containing a 
 population of 5,000 maimed soldiers of the Union. All of these soldiers can not 
 come to see you ; they are the living relics of the rebellion ; and they wish you 
 to come and see them. I want to say to you, that the hinges of every door in the 
 city of Dayton will swing open to take you into their hearts and homes. I want to 
 say to you, that the citizens of Dayton will subscribe everj r dollar that is necessary 
 for your ample entertainment, and I want to say to you, that if 3^011 come to Dayton, 
 Ohio, we will receive and entertain you, not as you have been entertained here, but 
 to the very best of our ability. [Applause.] 
 
 The speeches were closed, and balloting was begun, resulting as follows: The 
 first vote resulted in Nashville, 159; St. Louis, 103; Saratoga, 96; Topeka, 61, and 
 Dayton, 43. The second ballot resulted as follows : Nashville, 151 ; St. Louis, 138; 
 Saratoga, 95 ; Topeka, 43, Dayton having been withdrawn. On the third ballot 
 Topeka was dropped and Saratoga withdrawn ; St. Louis, 213 ; Nashville, 171. 
 
 On motion of Kountz, of Ohio, the vote in favor of St. Louis was made unani 
 mous. 
 
 St. Louis, Mo., was accordingly declared the place of holding of the 2ist national 
 encampment. 
 
 ELECTION OF OFFICERS. 
 
 The Commander-in-Chief announced that the next order of business was the 
 election of officers, and appointed the following tellers : Urell, of Washington ; 
 Wheat, of Wisconsin ; Kincade, of Wisconsin ; McCardy, of Minnesota; and Herrick, 
 of Illinois. 
 
 Nominations being in order, Post, of Illinois, nominated John W. Burst for 
 Commander-in-Chief, and spoke as follows : 
 
 On behalf of the department of Illinois, I wish to present a name for your con 
 sideration as Commander-in-Chief. If I should say all that my heart prompts and 
 all that Illinois expects me to say, and all that the candidate whom I shall present 
 deserves to have said in his advocacy, I would take too much of your time at this 
 late day in the encampment. Fortunately, the name that I shall present is as w r ell 
 known in Grand Army circles on the Atlantic coast as it is on the Pacific slope ; He 
 was a charter member of the second Grand Army post organized. He is, he has 
 always been, an enthusiastic Grand Army man. He has filled successfully the sev 
 eral offices of trust in the post and department ; he has been a department commander, 
 and every position to which he has been elected he has filled in an acceptable manner. 
 The name that I shall present to you is that of John W. Burst comrade Jack Burst, 
 
136 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 of Illinois. [Applause.] We have made no canvass, and I simply present his name; 
 but I wish to remind you that the State of Illinois is unanimous for him, and that 
 Illinois has been singularly fortunate in the selection of her public men. In 1860 it 
 was a question whether the Illinois President would be equal to the great trust to 
 which he was called ; but the country now knows that Abraham Lincoln was the 
 right man in the right place. [Applause.] Later in the crisis, it was a question 
 whether the Illinois soldier would be equal to the responsibilities placed upon him ; 
 but we now know that Ulysses S. Grant was the right man in the right place. 
 [Applause.] Comrades, if you shall select the man I have presented as Commander- 
 in-Chief, when we meet one year from to-day, the Grand Army will unanimously say 
 that John W. Burst was the right man in the right place. [Applause.] 
 
 Patch, of Massachusetts The delegation from Massachusetts came here 
 unpledged to any candidate, but in obedience to the wishes of a number of its com 
 rades, seconded and supported, I believe, by a large percentage of the delegates from 
 New England, I rise to place in nomination a candidate outside of Massachusetts. 
 The comrades from Massachusetts in looking over the history of our order are proud 
 to recall the fact that in its earliest days it was necessary to place at its head such 
 men as Logan and Burnside, and Hartranft to give character and dignity to its infant 
 organization, but as the land has grown in strength and prosperity and as the organi 
 zation has made its mark in all the commonwealths of our cotintry, the hard working, 
 honest, earnest, Io3 r al, and devoted comrades have sought not the men of high rank 
 and position, in its later years, but have selected to fill the highest offices within the 
 gift of these conventions, the earnest, the honest, the loyal, and devoted comrade, 
 whatever be his rank or position, either in civil or military life. So here, to-day, I 
 stand before you to present to this convention the name of a comrade who never wore 
 anything higher than the stripes of a corporal ; who never was distinguished for that 
 genius which made men such as Grant and Sherman and Sheridan, but who was 
 distinguished in his army service as a loyal and devoted soldier, and who has been 
 honored and respected in civil life, as a loyal and devoted citizen, but I refer princi 
 pally to his work as a comrade of the Grand Army, All up and down this continent, 
 on its mountains and in its valleys, in its rural towns, and in its populous cities, the 
 name of Corporal James Tanner is heard. [Applause.] I present to you his name as 
 a candidate for Commander-in-Chief, believing he is well worthy of the position, and 
 that he will fill it with as much credit as any who have preceded him in that distin 
 guished position. [Applause.] 
 
 Palmer, of New York It would be almost superfluous for me to say one word 
 about comrade Tanner. I believe that my friend Patch has covered the ground, but 
 as a New Yorker, as a comrade who has been identified with this organization for 
 twenty years, as a comrade who has been associated with Corporal Tanner in all the 
 work of the Grand Army in the great State of New York, I would feel that I was 
 doing him injustice if I did not add my indorsement for the work that he has accom 
 plished in that State. For twelve years he talked about a soldier s home ; we went 
 into our convention, and we expended a great deal of eloquence, but nothing was 
 accomplished until the time came when a few comrades like Tanner, comrades who 
 were earnest in the work of a soldier s home, got together. We were told that we 
 could not succeed. But what was the result ? Inside of one year we raised the 
 sum of $90,000 ; the soldier s home was built, and as a trustee of that insti 
 tution to-day, it is my proud boast to say that we have taken out of the poor- 
 houses of the State of New York 1,000 men who are now comfortably situated here. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 137 
 
 Now comrades, in 1113- twenty years of experience of this encampment, I know 
 that there has been but one occasion in which you have conferred the appointment of 
 Commander-in-Chief to a comrade from the State of New York, and it was not done 
 either b}^ the nomination of New York comrade Robinson was taken up by the 
 convention and elected, and I remember distinctly that comrade Tanner was the one 
 who urged the delegation to combine upon comrade Robinson. 
 
 Now, comrades, I simply want to say that if you are to wait until New York can 
 unite on a candidate you will wait for an impossibility to occur, because I want to say 
 to you and I think that you have been convinced in your long experience with New 
 York, that it will bring more brains and more statesmen to this convention than any 
 other delegation, and there is so much talent amongst us, that we never can agree 
 upon any one candidate. In conclusion let me say that while, misfortune has brought 
 about some division in the New York delegation, it has been my pleasant consolation, 
 thank God ! to say that I have never indulged in innuendo, never have attempted the 
 assassination of the character of any comrade of this Grand Army, and I hope it may 
 be the w r ill of Him who ruleth armies and nations to take me out of existence before 
 my tongue may ever be permitted to assail the record or the character of any com 
 rade of the Grand Army. [Applause.] 
 
 One \vord in conclusion : the work that comrade Tanner has done, the services 
 that he has rendered to this organization, the painful sufferings that he has passed 
 through by his exertions on behalf of this organization, I believe demand for him 
 recognition for him at your hands. I believe to-day that there is a feeling of grati 
 tude and of warm friendship to that comrade who has served us so faithfully. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 Now, comrades, let me ask you for the last time, probably, that New York will 
 ever ask j-ou to elect that honest, that faithful, that zealous representative of the 
 Grand Army, comrade James Tanner. [Applause.] 
 
 Hicks, of Minnesota At the request of the Commander-in-Chief of the depart 
 ment of Minnesota, and by the order of the department encampment of Minnesota, 
 passed last February, backed by the love and respect of every Grand Army man 
 within the borders of the north star State, I present for your suffrages for this high 
 office, the name of John P. Rea, of Minnesota. It seems to me that here, before the 
 representatives of 300,000 men whose deeds were deeds of heroism, it were out of place 
 to say any words of fulsome eulogy for any man who is a member of our order and 
 wears our badge upon his breast ; and while I will indorse every word that has been 
 said in regard to the comrades who have been nominated for this high office, you will 
 pardon me, if for two or three minutes I say to those who are unacquainted with 
 comrade Rea a few words as to his history in the service of the Grand Army. At 
 the age of twenty on the first day that any troops enlisted to suppress the Rebellion, 
 comrade Rea enlisted as a member of an Ohio regiment. He served for three years 
 and four months without the loss of a day, save eight days when he was captiired 
 and I may say right here that his great big, loving, kind, and genial heart made the 
 captured (?) the captor, and the captors the captured. In 1866 he joined the Grand 
 Army of the Republic among the earliest of its members. He served with his force 
 in Ohio and Pennsylvania until 1875, \vhen he came to Minnesota to reside, having 
 held various offices in the order showing his efficiency. I remember very well in 
 1875 when our department encampment was in session at Minneapolis, Minnesota 
 at that time we had not 300,000 men in our order we w T ere hardly up to 100,000 
 then ; many of our comrades looked upon us with distrust ; those outside of the 
 
138 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 old soldiers looked upon us with suspicion ; we were not then in the acme of our 
 glory, and I remember well that morning we read the editorial of a paper written 
 by some unknown hand, and the department unanimously gave a vote of thanks to 
 the author of that article. It was warm, earnest, enthusiastic for the order in those 
 dark days. When \ve came to find who the author of that article was we knew him 
 as John P. Rea, the man who is now nominated for your suffrages. The order in Min 
 nesota going down, in 1877 and 1878 by comrade Rea s efficient services the depart 
 ment of Minnesota was reinstated, and we became a live organization, and where we 
 had only a few hundred before, we now boast 7,000 members of the order. Comrade 
 Rea served as commander of his post ; he served in various offices of the department, 
 until he was elected as the department commander, and then at Minneapolis, Minne 
 sota, two years ago, you, were kind enough to place him in nomination and elect him 
 to the high office of Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. You who were at Portland 
 one year ago will remember how he performed the duties of that high office to the 
 entire satisfaction of every comrade present. It has already been stated, and it must 
 be apparent to every comrade of the Grand Army present, that what we want here is a 
 man who is competent to do this work. Comrade John P. Rea has shown that he is 
 thoroughly competent by the efficient manner in which he presided over the encamp 
 ment at Portland one year ago. Now I say to you this : every loyal heart in Minne 
 sota that beats under the Grand Army badge ; every man in the Grand Army of the 
 Republic who has the honor of a personal acquaintance with the man whom I nominate 
 will say in his own heart that John P. Rea is the peer of any member of the order, 
 for the high office for which I nominate him here to-day. We ask his election at your 
 hands. [Applause.] 
 
 Rheinoehl, of Pennsylvania On behalf of Pennsylvania I rise to second the 
 nomination of comrade John P. Rea. [Applause.] He does not belong to Minne 
 sota alone ; he has warm and devoted friends in the old Keystone State, his old home, 
 as he has to-day in his home in the far Northwest. We are for him because he was 
 born in Pennsylvania, in the county of Lancaster, where to-day rests all that is 
 mortal of Thad. Stevens, the old commoner, and John F. Reynolds, who fell in the 
 forefront, at Gettysburg. We desire to second his nomination because we have known 
 him from boyhood. He left college in Ohio to enter the cavalry service, and his 
 bright sword and his rattling spurs were in the front during the entire war. We 
 know him as well in his new home as in his old. And we have no hesitation in 
 seconding the nomination of a man whose heart is full of the rich red blood of the 
 Grand Army man ; w r ho in private life is a spotless citizen, and who to-day, in the 
 position he occupies in Minneapolis, is an honored and an upright judge. Pennsyl 
 vania heartily seconds this nomination. [Applause.] 
 
 Fisher, of Colorado I am very conscious that I have not voice so that I can 
 be heard by this mass of people, and all that I have to say is that, after an acquaint 
 ance of twenty-five years with John P. Rea, most of the time in Pennsylvania, I 
 indorse every word that is said here by the comrade from Minnesota, and I ask this 
 convention to believe my statement that no man in this body possesses more of the 
 tact and ability required to conduct the affairs of the Grand Army of the Republic 
 than John P. Rea. [Applause.] I say this from my own personal knowledge of the 
 man. I cannot address you longer. My voice has S3 r mpathized with the eloquence 
 we have had here for the last two days, to such an extent that I am as hoarse as some 
 of the constant speakers ; but knowing the man as I do, I ask you to give your suf 
 frages for John P. Rea. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 139 
 
 > 
 
 Sayles, of New York No man felt more deeply than I the words which the 
 great hero of the war, General Sherman, uttered from this platform in reference to 
 the disagreements of the New York delegation. But I believe he would have said 
 what I appeal to every comrade here to believe, that the minority in every State must 
 submit to the majority upon its candidates to be presented to an encampment for its 
 support. Obeying that majority of the encampment of the great State of New York, 
 1 have a candidate which I am instructed by that encampment to present. It may be 
 said that that encampment has presented no instructions, but for the purpose of 
 enlightening every comrade "here, so that upon this question you may vote not only 
 dispassionately, but intelligently, I will read as part of the speech, before presenting 
 the name of the comrade whose name I intend to present, what passed at that 
 encampment, and I read from the official minutes. My good comrade, Palmer, has 
 said that New York w T ould never agree. Why not ? If the minority will submit to 
 the majority, any State can be like Pennsylvania, solid upon any election. A motion 
 was made at our encampment that a box should be placed at the end of the stage 
 where we cast our ballots, and that each delegate at that encampment should deposit 
 his ballot, upon w r hich would be written his nominee for Commander-in-Chief, for we 
 believed that which I have discovered ever since I came to this beautiful State, that 
 if New York, the empire State of this Union, came to you unitedly upon any of her 
 sons, and asked that this honor be conferred, that you would most willingly give it. 
 Upon that motion being made, my good comrade, Corporal Tanner, made this state 
 ment : 
 
 "I think I can state something that may give satisfaction and settle this ques 
 tion " that was after the motion had been made to have a ballot-box, and have our 
 delegates select for themselves; "there will be no false modesty about it. There 
 will be, and it is an open secret, two tickets for delegates for the national encamp 
 ment at San Francisco to be voted for to-morrow ; one will be in favor of General 
 Reynolds and one will be in favor of your humble servant. The ticket in my favor 
 will be headed by Jones and Woodward. If you find any other ticket, no matter how- 
 it is headed, that will be for General Reynolds. That simplifies the matter, and the 
 comrades will know how they vote. 
 
 That was accepted, and Comrade Tanner named his delegates in the convention 
 himself, and upon that ballot the names vipon the ticket headed by General Jones 
 and General Woodward were beaten by an average majority of ninety-five votes. We 
 in New York believed that that ended the question, and that the choice which by 
 that vote W T C claim we were instructed to present to this encampment would be 
 accepted by every gentleman in our State ; so I say, that if the minority in a State 
 would submit to the majority, there would be no personal difference between vis. 
 
 The name of the man whom I shall present, under the instructions of the 
 encampment, under the facts in our convention that I have stated, is a charter 
 member of the first post organized in the State of New York. His military service 
 is a matter of history. He enlisted as a private, and the fact that for meritorious 
 conduct and bravery upon the field and elsewhere he was elevated step by step until 
 he became chief of artillery on the march to the sea, I do not believe will operate 
 against him among his soldier brethren in this encampment. I have heard it said 
 that he has just entered the Grand Arnvy. That is a fact ; but before New York State 
 was organized into a department General John A. Reynolds had organized a post at 
 Rochester, and was a member of the Grand Army of the Republic ; he worked in 
 the organization ; he has been its department commander. As to the growth and 
 
140 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 prosperity of the Grand Army organization, the record of this encampment for years 
 gone by will show. As a constant worker, he has no superior. As a citizen, as a 
 business man, he has no superior in the great State of New York. Political honors 
 have come to him, and have been rejected. The height of his ambition is to serve 
 the Grand Army of the Republic and to run his tanner}-. 
 
 I have heard said, further, something in reference to the political action of Gen 
 eral Reynolds. I am not here to say, nor will I say, to what political part} he 
 belongs ; but to whatever party he belongs, he has always been true and faithful, and 
 has voted for its nominees. 
 
 Now, comrades, without saying anything against anybody, and I have nothing 
 but kindness for my friends in my delegation who are on the other side, every effort 
 has been made to present to you a solid front. Our encampment of 34,000 Grand 
 Army men in the State of New York asks for this position, and I appeal to you if you 
 would not say to me under like circumstances, "If we support anybody from your 
 State we will support him whom a majority of your encampment indorses." My 
 friend says we never can agree. We can, I repeat, when the minority will yield to 
 the majority. Take this man General Reynolds ; deal with him fairly, as I know 
 you will ; consider him in your department, as you would want New York to consider 
 you if there was a minority there asking for something, and even nominating a man 
 outside of the State, and "with charity to all and malice towards none," I present for 
 your consideration that peerless soldier, John A. Reynolds, of Rochester. [Applause.] 
 
 Macy, of Massachusetts I rise for the purpose of seconding the nomination of 
 General Reynolds, of New York. As has been well said by the comrade from 
 Massachusetts, we come here as a delegation pledged to no individual. I assure 
 you, comrades, that we are not united upon any particular candidate. Before leaving 
 my home, I had made up my mind that the comrade I would vote for, unless I found 
 some one whom I thought better fitted, would be John A. Reynolds, of New York. I 
 have seen no occasion to change my opinion, and by request of many of my com 
 rades I second the nomination of a comrade whom I deem worthy in every particular, 
 an upright comrade, an honorable soldier, and a good citizen for the position of Com- 
 mander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic. Let us support the candidate 
 who received the largest majority in the State of New York. He was the choice of 
 the New York convention by ninety-five majority, and it is with pleasure that I sup 
 port so worthy a comrade for that position. [Applause.] 
 
 Comrade Lloyd, of Ohio, in presenting the name of Lucius Fairchild for Com- 
 mander-in-Chief, spoke as follows : Ohio has no name to present from among her own 
 citizens, but in the years that have gone she has been accustomed to send the sons of 
 her soil into every western State, and those sons with steady brain and strong muscles 
 have helped to build up a dozen great commonwealths. She has been filled by those 
 sons with gratification and pride, and rejoices in every honorable distinction which 
 they have won. I remember when, years ago, an Ohio boy went to the great North 
 west and helped to lay broad and deep the foundation-stone of the great State of 
 Wisconsin. I name to you comrade Lucius Fairchild [applause], an Ohio boy 
 adopted by Wisconsin, and I want to say in very few words that the echo of the first 
 gun of treason had not died upon the air before this man stepped forth at the head of 
 a company of Wisconsin volunteers, ready to do battle for his native land. He went 
 to the Army of the Potomac and the defense of the nation s capital. He drew a 
 bright blade which was never stained except with the blood of the enemies of his 
 country. He rose to the command of his regiment and to the command of a brigade. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 141 
 
 He fought in every battle of that grand old army until he stood upon the heights of 
 Gettysburg, and there upon that decisive field he helped to roll southward the wave of 
 treason. But God called him there to lay down his strong arm forever. Without 
 one murmur at his fate he carried that armless sleeve back to the State of Wisconsin, 
 and so proud were they of their son that with glad acclaim they elevated him to the 
 chief magistry of that State. Having served in that capacity with distinguished 
 ability, he was called by the President of the United States three times to main 
 tain American interests and uphold Amercian nationality in three different foreign 
 governments. Returning thence, he took his place again, where for long years 
 he had stood, in the ranks of the Grand Army of the Republic, and was ele 
 vated to be the department commander of Wisconsin. A man who is every inch 
 a soldier, a man who is every inch a gentleman. If you elevate him to this high 
 position you maintain the character which the Grand Army has always had, and 
 you will honor yourselves when 3-011 honor him. [Applause.] 
 
 West, of Dakota Comrades of the Grand Army, I have taken the platform for 
 two minutes for the purpose of seconding the nomination of Jack Burst, of Illinois. 
 It has been said on the floor of the national encampment before, that we might put 
 the names in a hat, and draw out one and get a good Commander-in-Chief. That is 
 almost true. We all have our friends, but I say comrades, without disparaging the 
 merits of that gallant one-armed son of Wisconsin, whose empty sleeve speaks louder 
 than words his patriotism, or that other comrade of New York who gave two legs for 
 his country, or my personal friend, Judge Rea, of Minnesota, to whom my heart goes 
 out in love and gratitude, that Jack Burst, of Illinois, in all that constitutes a true 
 soldier, a representative of the Grand Army, in loyalty and in devotion to princi 
 ple, is the peer of them all. [Applause.] Comrades, the great State of Illinois, with 
 almost a multitude of posts, has asked you to elect her favorite son. Jack Burst, and 
 we from away off in Dakota, most heartily second his nomination. [Applause.] 
 
 A delegate from Washington Territory Washington Territory presents no candi 
 date from the membership of that Territory, but I have the honor to second the nomi 
 nation on behalf of the department of Washington Territory, of Lucius Fairchild. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 Grey, of Wisconsin I am directed by the delegation from the State of Wiscon 
 sin to say a word for that commonwealth in favor of the election of her son, comrade 
 Lucius Fairchild to this distinguished office. I wish to say that I know of no regu 
 lation of our order that prevents a man from enjoying all its honors and emoluments, 
 whatever they may be, because he wore shoulder-straps in the war. I think we are 
 all privates now. Xo man should be disfranchised because he happened not to be a 
 private then. I say so much in all kindness and good feeling. In presenting the 
 name of our distinguished son of Wisconsin, I wish to say that he is a man whom 
 we all honor, and whom we all love, and if you knew him as we know him, you 
 would honor him and love him as we do. His name runs in letters of gold through 
 much of the legislation of our beloved commonwealth, and he has always stood to his 
 colors in war as well as in peace. Comrades, in elevating our comrade, Lucius Fair- 
 child, to the forefront of the ranks of the Grand Army, you will confer upon him an 
 honor which he will prize higher than he would to be made President of the United 
 States. [Applause.] And I assure you that he will fill the conditions of that high 
 office with the same alacrity, and with the same integrity, and with the same noble 
 ness of character that he filled the position of honor-guard of his post in the Grand 
 Army. In asking your votes for Fairchild, of Wisconsin, we ask you to vote for a 
 
142 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 man whom we rely upon to do th^ right thing at the right time, and in a proper way. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 The result of the first ballot was as follows : Reynolds, 37 ; Rea, 62 ; Burst, 71 ; 
 Tanner, 112; Fairchild, 158. 
 
 There being no election, a second ballot was taken, which resulted as follows : 
 Rea, 15; Burst, 52; Tanner, 81 ; Fairchild, 229. 
 
 When the result of the ballot was announced, Tanner, of New York, said : 
 Commander-in-Chief and comrades : The national convention of the Grand Army of 
 the Republic, the highest institution of our order, has after a most spirited and 
 earnest contest chosen its leader for the coming year. In choosing that leader it has 
 chosen a gentleman of magnificent attributes in whatever characteristic we consider 
 him. [Applause.] We have chosen one who has served the State and the nation on 
 the field of battle and in the field of diplomacy. For myself, sir, I bow, as I always 
 bow when I believe a verdict has been rendered fairly and honestly, to the will of the 
 majority. [Applause.] I most heartily make the motion, prompted alike by usage, 
 courtesy, and the sentiments of my own heart, that Lucius Fairchild be declared the 
 unanimous choice of this convention as its Commander-in-Chief. [Applause.] 
 
 Reynolds, of New York I second the motion, and congratulate the comrades on 
 having made the choice of so worthy a comrade. 
 
 Rea, of Minnesota I also second the motion. 
 
 Burst, of Illinois Commander-in-Chief, and comrades of the Grand Army : This 
 is a very pleasant duty I have to perform at this time. There is no comrade on this 
 floor who has greater respect for our honored comrade just elected to the highest office 
 in your gift than have I. There is no delegation in this encampment that will render 
 him more loyal support than will the delegation that I have the honor to represent at 
 this time. Illinois is ever loyal to the organization that we love so well. I have 
 preached my funeral sermon upon former occasions, and I do it to-day with charac 
 teristic grace. I love you all, and the comrades who have voted against me have just 
 as warm a place in my heart to-day as those who have supported me with so much 
 enthusiasm. I also second the motion that the election of our gallant comrade, 
 Lucius Fairchild, of Wisconsin, be made unanimous. [Applause.] 
 
 The motion was unanimously carried. 
 
 Three cheers having been given for the Commander-in-Chief-elect, he was called 
 to the platform, and said : Commander-in-Chief and comrades of the Grand Army of 
 the Republic : It has been my fortune on several occasions to stand before assemblages 
 of my fellow-citizens when honors have been heaped upon my shoulders ; but I can 
 truly say, from the bottom of my heart, comrades, that no honor ever conferred upon 
 me gives me more pleasure or one that I have prized more highly than I do this great 
 compliment you have paid me this night. [Applause.] To be elected to this high 
 office is an honor to any man in all this broad land ; to have the confidence, esteem, 
 and respect of his comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic ought to make any 
 man always happy. I can at this time only thank you, and pledge to you that what 
 ever ability and industry I have shall be given during the ensuing year to the good 
 of the order. [Applause.] 
 
 At this point the committee on rules and regulations announced that they were 
 readj r to make an additional report. Beath, of Pennsylvania, from that committee, 
 said : 
 
 In the absence of comrade Chipman, who had kindly relieved me from reading 
 the previous part of the report of the committee on rules and regulations, I will pro- 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 143 
 
 ceed now with the duty of finishing our work. By the action of the encampment on 
 the report of the Commander-in-Chief, a change having been made in the order rela 
 tive to badges, it becomes necessary to amend that article. I will read the proposed 
 amendment and ask unanimous consent that it shall be so reintroduced in order that 
 we may be consistent with our action on that report. 
 
 Section 2, article 9, chapter v, is hereby amended as to approve the badge adopted 
 in San Francisco, August 4, 1886, and no other badge shall be worn as a member 
 ship badge of the Grand Army of the Republic, provided, however, that the badges 
 heretofore issued under the authority of the national encampment, are hereby recog 
 nized. The quartermaster-general is authorized to make exchange of badges. 
 
 We ask unanimous consent to introduce this necessary change in the rules and 
 regulations. 
 
 The report was adopted. 
 
 Grosvenor, of Ohio I ask unanimous consent to introduce a resolution that will 
 not involve any discussion, and ask for immediate action upon it by the encamp 
 ment : 
 
 Resolved. That this national encampment actuated by desire for uniformity in 
 the rulings and decisions upon the laws, rules, and regulations of the Grand Army 
 of the Republic, does hereby indorse the blue book compiled and written by past 
 Commander-in-Chief R. B. Beath as a standard and authoritative book of reference 
 and authorit} , and comrade Beath has been directed to continue the edition of his 
 work from time to time to correspond with the new decisions of the national encamp 
 ment and the changes of the rules and regulations. 
 
 I desire to say simply that comrade Beath makes no money out of this publica 
 tion ; it requires a revision at the end of each year, and the desire is to have such a 
 recognized book as will make it authoritative just like an}- other law book in the 
 codes of the country. 
 
 Beath, of Penns3 lvania I wish to say one word in correction of what has jiist 
 been said : It is not true that I do not make any money out of the book ; there has 
 been some money in it of course. 
 
 Grosvenor What I mean is that there is no speculation in it. 
 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 The committee on rules and regulations made the following additional report by 
 Beath, of Pennsylvania : 
 
 The committee have had before them another thing in regard to representation 
 in the national encampment and filling vacancies therein. There is a provision in 
 the department encampment in reference to the mode of filling vacancies in the repre 
 sentations from posts. There is no such provision for the filling of vacancies caused 
 by the absence of delegates to the national encampment, and we think there should 
 be, so as to avoid trouble in the future, and we offer an amendment to section 2, article 
 2, chapter iv : any vacancies occurring by written resignation that may exhaust 
 the list of alternates entitled to serve in place of absent representatives may be filled 
 by the department council of administration duly called within its own jurisdiction, 
 and such alternates shall serve in the order of their election. 
 
 We ask consent to introduce this necessary amendment to our rules and regu 
 lations. 
 
 After consultation the committee decided to withdraw the resolution for the 
 present. 
 
144 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 The committee made the following additional report : 
 
 Your committee have had under consideration the petition of Colonel Fred. Grant 
 for authority to be mustered into the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 
 Article iv, rules and regulations, prescribes the qualifications for membership. 
 The petitioner does not possess these qualifications. While he rendered voluntary 
 service in the army between April 12, 1861, and April 9, 1865, in the war for the sup 
 pression of the Rebellion, he was never mustered into the service, and could not, of 
 course, be discharged therefrom. 
 
 The petition cannot, therefore, in the opinion of the committee, be granted with 
 out first amending our rules and regulations so as to cover the facts in the case. 
 
 Under article xv, any section of our regulations may be suspended, for the time 
 being, at any meeting of the national encampment, by a unanimous vote, but your 
 committee is of the opinion that such suspension of the rules should only be invoked 
 to make an immediate amendment of the regulations. 
 
 The policy of taking favorable action raises a more serious question and one far- 
 reaching in its effect. Your committee cannot permit itself to consider the distin 
 guished kinship of the petitioner, for it is freely admitted that such consideration will 
 ever, in this country, so touch the hearts of soldiers that under its influence no request 
 within their power would be by them refused. 
 
 There are several classes of persons, and many individual cases, presenting similar 
 and strong claims upon us for admission to our organization, and we believe the time 
 has come when the national encampment should consider some general provision or 
 amendment to meet these cases, but such amendment deserves the most careful con 
 sideration, and, in the judgment of your committee, should not be hastily acted 
 upon. 
 
 Your committee are of the opinion that individual cases of a class should not be 
 taken up by the national encampment, but that provision for all of the class should 
 first be made. 
 
 Your committee recommend that departments be instructed to request such per 
 sons in their jurisdictions as have actually served in the army, navy, or marine corps 
 of the Union at any time during the period mentioned in regulations, but without 
 muster into such service or a discharge therefrom, to state their cases in writing and 
 forward the same through the proper channels to the adjutant-general to be brought 
 before the next national encampment, and that the judge-advocate-general be 
 requested to classify all such cases and present at that time a form of regulation to 
 cover the same. 
 
 On motion, the above was unanimously adopted". 
 
 The committee returned the resolution with regard to filling vacancies amended 
 so as to read as follows : 
 
 Any vacancies occurring by written resignation that may exhaust the list of 
 alternates entitled to serve in place of absent representatives may be filled by the 
 department council of administration duly called and sitting within its own jurisdic 
 tion, and such alternates shall serve in the order of their election, and moved for its 
 adoption. 
 
 The motion was adopted, as was also the report of the committee. 
 
 Day, of Ohio, offered the following resolution : 
 
 WHEREAS, The dead of Fort Meigs lie under unmarked graves ; and whereas, 
 those soldiers belong to regiments from Kentucky, Virginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and 
 Indiana ; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 145 
 
 Resolved, That a committee of six members of the encampment be appointed, 
 one from each of the States of Kentucky, Virginia, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, 
 Ohio, and Indiana, to visit Fort Meigs during the ensuing year, examine the site and 
 burial-place of its dead, and report at the next national encampment the result of 
 such investigation, together with such recommendation as may be deemed proper in 
 the premises. 
 
 The comrade said : This will involve no expense on the part of the national 
 encampment. It is the starting-point for the protection of the graves of those who 
 have gone before us in the former wars of this country. I assume that this move 
 ment must originate in the Grand Army of the Republic. Everything affecting the 
 soldier element of this country, whether belonging to the War of the Rebellion or 
 the wars prior to that, must emanate from this organization. Upon that assumption 
 I ask the adoption of this resolution, assuring you again that a properly chosen com 
 mittee will heartily take hold of the work, and that it will not be at the expense of 
 the encampment. 
 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 Harper, of Pennsylvania, offered the following resolution : 
 
 Resolved, That the retiring Commander-in-Chief and adjutant-general be author 
 ized to contract for and supervise the printing of the journal of this national encamp 
 ment, but subject to the recommendation of the administration already adopted. 
 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 Merrill, from the committee on the report of the judge-advocate-general, said : 
 In the report of the judge-advocate-general was one suggestion which the committee 
 upon that report intended to have made a recommendation in their report. The judge- 
 advocate-general recommended that a committee of live be appointed by the incoming 
 Commander-in-Chief to prepare and present to the next national encampment a 
 simple, concise, and complete form of procedure in courts-martial. By my own 
 inadvertence it was omitted from the report of the committee, and I now move, in 
 accordance with the recommendation of the judge-advocate-general, that the incoming 
 Commander-in-Chief be authorized to appoint a committee of five who shall prepare 
 and report, for the consideration of the next national encampment, a concise system 
 of procedure in courts-martial in the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 
 The recommendation was adopted. 
 
 The next thing in order was the nomination of Senior Vice-Commander. 
 
 Barnes, of California, nominated S. W. Backus. He said : In the absence of the 
 department commander of California I am requested to state to you, and I do so with 
 great pleasure, that the members of the California delegation to this encampment are 
 a unit in favor of one candidate, and we have no other. I allude to comrade Backus. 
 [Applause.] I may say a few words in respect to him. In 1867 comrade Backus 
 was one of the first veteran soldiers of the State who took the obligation of our order. 
 He has been its faithful friend and servant ever since. He is a past post commander. 
 He is past department commander. He has occupied high stations in California. He 
 was the adjutant-general of our State, and did perhaps more than any other man, at 
 least that I am acquainted with, to bring it into the present state of efficiency. He 
 has been the postmaster of this city, and has served in that capacity with great 
 distinction, a distinction I am sure that you will appreciate when I tell you that when 
 he came into the office he put sixty-six veteran soldiers into his department, and 
 would have continued to do it up to this day but for the unfortunate interference of 
 the civil service rules. I say he is the choice of the California delegation. I am well 
 
 K 
 
146 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 aware that some gentlemen in the encampment have, as we have, a very warm 
 affection and very high esteem for another of our comrades. We had no idea of his 
 wishes in that direction. They were not communicated to vis, and the delegation 
 long ago determined that comrade Backus, who for one year has devoted himself to 
 this encampment, and to- him, more than all others put together, I may say its 
 success if, gentlemen, it be one [cries of Yes ! " " Yes ! ] is to be attributed. He 
 has stayed there in that office, week after week and month after month, fighting for 
 3 r our cause and that of this encampment as a general fights battles. The rest of us 
 have but executed his orders, and if there is one comrade more than another who is 
 entitled to tribute at } T our hands it is comrade Backus. We did not come here pre 
 pared with any printed tickets for him ; but we should appreciate your autograph, 
 and it is one of the few occasions when I will take the liberty, professionally, of 
 asking you to write another man s name in your own hand. [Laughter and applause.] 
 
 Tobin, of Massachusetts I am requested by the delegation from the department 
 of Massachusetts, as a token of our appreciation of the conduct and treatment that 
 we have received at the hands of the people of California, to rise in this place and 
 give expression to our good feeling by moving that the adjutant-general of the 
 encampment cast the ballot for the comrade placed in nomination by California for 
 the position of Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 The delegation from Indiana seconded the motion, as did the delegations from 
 Ohio, Illinois, New York, Michigan, and Kansas. 
 
 Gobin, of Pennsylvania One of the unwritten rules of the encampment has 
 been to confer upon the department in which we meet the honor of selecting their 
 Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. The department of California has given expression 
 to its choice in this regard, and in behalf of the State of Pennsylvania, I desire to 
 second the nomination made by the State of California. [Applause.] We came here 
 as strangers ; but the record given to comrade Backus by the comrade of his own 
 department, who placed him in nomination, has endeared him to the heart of this 
 encampment, and I hope that the suggestion made by our comrade from Massachu 
 setts will be accepted, and that we give him the unanimous vote of this convention 
 for that office. [Applause.] 
 
 Conger, of Ohio On behalf of the united delegation from Ohio, I rise to second 
 the nomination of comrade Backus. Ohio gives him her thirty-eight votes. Every 
 member of our delegation and every member of this encampment has had time to see 
 the work that comrade Backus has done, and if we can in any way reciprocate this 
 magnificent reception, I hope that every member will join in the expression, and 
 make the election unanimous. 
 
 Hedges, of New York We of New York came here with the earnest desire to 
 put one of California s sons Major Warfield into that position; but our department 
 having selected comrade Backus, the department now takes great pleasure in adding 
 our tinanimous voice in support of comrade Backus. [Applause.] 
 
 The adjutant-general cast the vote of the encampment for comrade S. W. Backus, 
 and he was declared unanimously elected Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 On being called for, comrade Backus said : 
 
 The hour is late, and I will not take up your time, but simply to say that I 
 thank you, from the bottom of my heart, for the honor conferred upon me. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 Nominations for Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief being next called for, com 
 mander Sayles, of New York, said : 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 147 
 
 While the Xe\v York delegation has been divided upon the question of Com- 
 mander-in-Chief, I am informed that it is a unit upon the question of Junior Yice- 
 Commander. We have a comrade living in Brook^n, who conceived the idea of 
 making a beautiful banner and album, and presenting it to the State of California. 
 At his request and at the request, as stated to me, of the New York delegation, we 
 present him to you as a candidate for Junior Yice-Commander Comrade Dubey, of 
 Brooklyn, New York. 
 
 Merrill, of Massachusetts Our boy ideas of geography have been materially 
 changed and enlarged in these last twenty-five years, and we of the far-off East, who 
 learned in our boyish days to consider Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois among the 
 Western States, have learned that, with the growth and expansion of our country, 
 the}-, if not in the center, are east of the center, and belong to us. Away upon the 
 shores of the Missouri River is a great commonwealth, which, it seems to me, in 
 every respect, is the best Grand Army State there is in all the Union. I traveled 
 through it as Commander-in-Chief. I found its governor, lieutenant-governor, secre 
 tary of state, state treasurer, chief-justice of the supreme court, and an absolute 
 majority of both houses of the Legislature were members of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic. [Applause.] I want to place in nomination for the position of Junior 
 Vice-Commander our comrade, Samuel B. Jones, of the State of Nebraska. Some of 
 you know that comrade Jones has spent the most of his time for the last six months 
 in endeavoring to so reduce the rates of transportation across the mountains to this 
 encampment, that this vast multitude of Grand Army men could come here to the 
 Pacific slope. He is constant in season and out of season in laboring for his com 
 rades of the Grand Army of the Republic, and I trust that the encampment will give 
 their votes to him for Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief. [Applause.] 
 
 Reddy, of New York On behalf of a very large proportion of the delegation 
 from New York, I desire to second the nomination of Samuel B. Jones, of Nebraska, 
 for Junior Vice- Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 Sayles, of New York I beg to withdraw the nomination of comrade Dubey, 
 there being an objection made by a comrade from Brooklyn. 
 
 Cole, of New Jersey We have selected St. Louis for the place of meeting next 
 year; we have selected a Commander-in-Chief from Wisconsin ; you have taken your 
 Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief from the State of California ; we believe that the 
 great East, the great royal East, whose ocean throbs in response to the waves that 
 flow o er the Pacific, should have a show. [Applause and laughter.] I want to pre 
 sent to you the name of a comrade from the State of New Jersey for the position of 
 Junior Vice-Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic. There has never been, 
 since the Grand Army was organized, a single one of the higher officers selected 
 from the State of New Jersey, and it is time we had a show. I desire to present to 
 this encampment the name of a man who has been for fourteen years a member of 
 the Grand Army of the Republic. I present to you the name of Joseph R. Van 
 S3 r ckle, of Jersey City. He is a white man all through. [Applause.] 
 
 Grosvenor, of the Potomac On behalf of our loyal brothers of the South I 
 desire to present the name of a comrade for the high office of Junior Yice-Commander- 
 in-Chief, one who ran away from his home in a foreign country, crossed the Atlantic 
 ocean, enlisted as a private soldier, and from Gettysburg to Appomattox he was in the 
 very front of the strife during that whole time with the exception of when he was 
 prostrated in the valley of Virginia by rebel bullets. He was one of that noble band 
 who captured the capital of the Confederacy, and upon capturing the capital he made 
 
148 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 it his home, he captured his wife there and has held a captive ever since. I have 
 reference to comrade Edgar Allen, of Richmond, Virginia, a comrade who has stood 
 loyal to the flag ; who has been true to the colors that he fought under, and has been 
 true to the principles of the Grand Army of the Republic from the time of its first 
 organization ; who is the past post commander of the only post of the Grand Army of 
 the Republic in the Confederate capital to-day ; a comrade who, if you shall elect 
 him to the high office of Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief will do honor to the Grand 
 Army of the Republic. If you shall make him your choice the loyal men of Vir 
 ginia and the loyal men of the South will applaud your acts, and were such a thing 
 possible the 105,000 loyal dead who sleep in the graves around Richmond would rise 
 up and applaud the noble work of comrade Allen in keeping their memories green 
 and fresh on every Memorial Day since the appointment of that day. He will speak 
 for himself on the floor of this encampment. [Applatise.] 
 
 Feighan, of Kansas I second the nomination of the comrade. He has lived 
 south of Mason and Dixon s line for ten years. I want to say that I know that some 
 of the best men in the Grand Army live in the South ; they are crying for help 
 to-day ; and if -the election of a loyal Southerner will stimulate one drop of loyal 
 blood in the heart of the defunct Confederacy I say for God s sake do it. I am 
 therefore heartily in favor of the election of comrade Allen, of Virginia. [Applause.] 
 
 McKinley, of Ohio I rise at the request from the delegation of Ohio to present 
 the name of a private soldier for the place of Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. We 
 have alread} 7 honored a distinguished general by electing him to the highest position 
 in our encampment ; we have justly and very properly chosen another officer second 
 in rank in the encampment, and it occurs to me that this encampment can do no 
 better thing than to recognize in the third place the rank and file in the Union army. 
 [Applause.] The comrade whose name I present enlisted when he was under fifteen 
 years of age. He was the second soldier in eastern Ohio to enlist in the war for the 
 suppression of the Rebellion, and he served four years and a half with great gallantry 
 on all of the fields upon which General Sherman was commander-in-chief. I hold in 
 my hand a letter written in 1864 by General McCook, who was his first commander, 
 addressed to the Secretary of War, recommending this brave young soldier for an 
 appointment at West Point. This letter never reached the Secretary of War, for it 
 was captured by the rebels, but by a strange circumstance it came into possession of 
 the private soldier in the last ten months. This letter, written during the war, written 
 when this soldier was on duty, under the eyes of his commander, tells you better his 
 history than any words of mine : 
 
 HEADQUARTERS SECOND REGIMENT, O. V. I., 
 CHATTANOOGA, January 20, 1864. 
 
 E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War: I have the honor to make application for 
 appointment to the United States military academy of private William Surls, of 
 company G, of my regiment, and to call attention to the favorable indorsement of 
 Brigadier-General Carlin, commanding the brigade. Private Surls has served faith 
 fully with his regiment since its organization, and has at all times and under all 
 circumstances acquitted himself most creditably. He has been in the actions of 
 Perry ville, Murfreesboro, Hoover s Creek, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, and 
 Mission Ridge, distinguishing himself at the latter place by his great coolness and 
 courage. He is but eighteen years of age, healthy, vigorous, intelligent, and gentle 
 manly, and just the kind of boy, with the proper military education, to make an 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 149 
 
 accomplished professional soldier. I make the application because I know his worth, 
 and because I feel that he is much better qualified in even- particular than a boy 
 taken from civil life. Should it be made, I feel confident that he will never disgrace 
 the position. 
 
 This is indorsed favorably from personal knowledge by Brigadier-General William 
 P. Carlin, who said: "From personal knowledge of the merits of this young man, I 
 cordially commend his appointment. Then a recommendation from General John 
 M. Palmer, of Illinois. And last, and better than all else, over the signature of old 
 Pap Thomas, is his indorsement, written in his own handwriting and on the paper I 
 hold in my hand, "I cordia% and earnestly recommend the appointment of this 
 brave young soldier. " 
 
 Now, I ask you, comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic, to give this 
 recognition to an untitled, brave man of our army, the brave volunteer private 
 soldiery who stood behind the strategic commander whose individual earnestness and 
 intelligence, guided by his genius, gained the unperishable victories of the war. I 
 ask you to do this not for Ohio ; I ask you to do this not for the comrades of that 
 State in this encampment assembled ; but I ask you to do it in the name of the 
 private soldiers of the army of the Union. [Applause.] 
 
 Goff, of Virginia I second the nomination of Edgar Allen, who was a private in 
 the Michigan cavalry, and has been a member of a post in Virginia since 1867. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 t Campbell, of Kansas In behalf of the delegation from the State of Kansas, I 
 desire to second the nomination of that gallant private soldier, comrade Allen, of 
 Virginia, a man who is to-day holding the outposts of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic in the capital city of the Confederacy, and to do a thing of that kind is to 
 try a man s soul. Let us put some of these national officers where they can do some 
 good in bringing back the days when we loved the good old Union in the South. I 
 second the nomination of comrade Allen, after all. [Applause.] 
 
 King, of Delaware The department of Delaware have a comrade who whilst in 
 the position of department commander of Delaware was active in the Grand Army. 
 He is well known to you in the encampment and if elected to the position of Junior 
 Vice-Commander-in-Chief he will fill the position in a creditable manner. The dele 
 gation from the department of Delaware unite in presenting the name of W. S. McXair 
 as their candidate for Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. [Applause.] 
 
 McNair, of Delaware I had no idea that the delegation intended to put in my 
 nama for this position. I am not a candidate ; I have never turned over my hand to 
 get any office, and I do not intend to do it now, and I desire to withdraw my name. 
 
 A vote was taken which resulted as follows: Surls, 95 ; Jones, 54; Dubey, 5 ; 
 Van Syckle, 5; Allen, 163. 
 
 Comrade Allen was declared elected Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, and on 
 motion his election was made unanimous. 
 
 The committee on rules and regulations reported the following resolution, which 
 was adopted : 
 
 Resolved, That this encampment approve the choice of the corps mark adopted 
 by th2 representatives of the Thirteenth Arni3 r Corps, and that the Commander-in- 
 Chief be requested to publish the same in general orders. 
 
 The committee on resolutions reported the following resolution, which was adopted 
 unanimously by a rising vote : 
 
150 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Resolved, That this encampment tender to the comrades of the department of 
 California, the citizens of the State at large, and of the city of San Francisco, who 
 have tendered to the Grand Army of the Republic such a generous, open-handed wel 
 come, their sincere and heartfelt thanks ; their action toward the veterans of the war 
 has proven to us that loyalt} has an abiding-place in the Pacific slope, where is found 
 not only the Golden Gate to this continent, but a golden pathway to a stronger frater 
 nity, a purer charity, and a grander loyalty in the. heart of ever} lover of his country 
 and comrade of the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 
 Campbell, of Kansas I wish to offer a resolution to restore as past commanders 
 five comrades of the State of Kansas. After having served in that position, the 
 department lapsed ; but it \vas afterwards reorganized in 1880, and by proper action 
 of the posts and department of Kansas the posts to which these comrades belonged 
 and the department of Kansas they were restored to the rank of past department 
 commanders. The action of that department was properly certified to the adjutant- 
 general, but it seems that the papers had been lost in transmission. These comrades 
 ought to be restored, and I therefore offer the resolution that they now be restored to 
 the rank of past department commanders. 
 
 Merrill, of Massachusetts I understand this can only come in by unanimous 
 consent, and I object to it, for the reason that so important a matter as the restoration 
 of five men to rank ought not to have been delayed, after three days business of this 
 encampment, until its closing moment, when it could not be referred to a committee 
 for investigation. 
 
 Campbell, of Kansas There are a dozen men on the floor who can certify to this 
 action. It has gone through our department and our post. There is nothing wrong 
 about it, and it ought to be passed in this assembly. For two days we have sought 
 and fought to get this matter up, and could not find the papers. 
 
 Clarke, of Ohio I move that this resolution be referred to a special committee, to 
 report at the next national encampment. 
 
 Tanner, of New York I desire to say that I am one of those whom the comrade 
 from Kansas consulted about this matter, and knowing, as I did, that it had gone 
 through the proper channels of the department of Kansas, and had met with the 
 approval of the department, I advised that it might be left until other matters, 
 which would engross all your attention, were disposed of, for the reason that time 
 and again we had done the same thing regarding one department commander here 
 and there. It so happens that the only difference is, that here there are five of them 
 coming up in a bunch. I hope comrade Merrill will withdraw his objection, and we 
 will do for Kansas just what we have done for others. 
 
 Merrill, of Massachusetts I have no objection to doing for Kansas just what we 
 will do for everybody else. There is no department I would more gladly work for 
 than Kansas ; but we are circumscribed by the rule, that before action can be taken 
 certain papers must go to the adjutant-general, and they must be certified to by him. 
 Now, if these papers have been lost in transmission, it is the misfortune of Kansas. 
 We ought not to break down a rule, and act upon mere hearsay, when we are putting 
 down in the record how these things are done. 
 
 Campbell, of Kansas The assistant adjutant-general of Kansas made the certfi- 
 cate, under the rule, and sent it forward ; but it has simply not been received by the 
 adjutant-general ; it has been lost in transit; and we simply lose our rights unless we 
 get consent to pass this resolution. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 151 
 
 [Merrill, of Massachusetts If I am the only member of this encampment who 
 objects to this procedure, I certainly will not stand in the way of the will of the 
 encampment. If my objection is the only one to be made, I withdraw it. 
 
 Unanimous consent was asked to introduce the resolution, and it was voted ; but 
 McXair, of Delaware, raised the point of order that the comrades could not be rein 
 stated unless the documents were produced. 
 
 Grosvenor, of Potomac Xobody is making any doubt about what was done in 
 Kansas. We have had experience in this matter. In Denver we had an attempt to 
 resurrect some defunct encampments by ex-parte action, and we formulated this rule, 
 that unless the proof can be brought in the men shall not be reinstated. Why not 
 accept comrade Clarke s motion, and thereby protect ourselves against a whole lot of 
 resurrections that will be thrust upon us ? The motion of Clarke, of Ohio, was put 
 and carried, and the matter was referred to the committee to report on the first day of 
 the next national encampment. 
 
 Sayles, of Xew York, obtained unanimous consent to introduce the following 
 resolution, which was adopted by acclamation : 
 
 Resolved, That the purchase of badges or other supplies by any post or post 
 officers from any other person or source than through regular channels from depart 
 ment or national headquarters shall be a proper cause for the suspension of said 
 post and for revoking the charter. 
 
 Resolved, That the Commander-in-Chief-elect is hereby requested to direct 
 charges to be preferred and prosecuted to trial against any G. A. R. member who 
 manufactures or sells official membership badges without the consent of the national 
 council of administration, and that the Commander-in-Chief be directed to issue an 
 order embodying these resolutions. 
 
 The next thing in order being nominations for surgeon-general 
 Sampson, of Colorado, said: I do not desire to detain you more than three min 
 utes in presenting to you the name of a comrade whom Colorado unitedly presents 
 for this position. I do not present a man who has a record as a surgeon during the 
 war, for the reason that he was too young at that time ; but I do present one who 
 presents a record as a soldier, enlisting in 1862 in the loSth New York ; was soon 
 after made lieutenant in his regiment, and in December, 1862, whenyetunder twenty 
 years of age, was made captain of his compan} for brave and meritorions services 
 rendered his country at Fredericksburg. This young officer took part in the battles 
 of Gettysburg, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Morton s Ford, and Bristol Station, 
 and at Morton s Ford commanding a battalion, his superior officers having been 
 killed so that Fpresent to you a man who has a record as a fighting man and not as 
 a surgeon in the army. After the war was over he studied medicine ; he commenced 
 the practice in St. Louis, and afterwards removed to Denver, and he there enjoys an 
 enviable reputation as a physician, one of the most prominent in our city and State ; 
 the proof of this is shown in the fact that for two successive terms he was elected 
 county physician of Arapahoe County, in which Denver with her8o,ooo population is 
 situated, and his record there is number one; so not only as a fighting man, and a 
 physician enjoying a lucrative practice, is he number one, but as a Grand Army man 
 we want to say that he stands par excellence. For three successive terms he has 
 been our medical director in the department of Colorado, and by the interest that he 
 has taken in the work and by the suggestions that he has made he has shown himself 
 
152 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 to be a general in the medical department. What need I say more? As a citizen, as 
 a soldier, as a Grand Army man he stands up to the best. We think that you will 
 give him your support as you undoubtedly would have done at Portland last year had 
 it not been for matters which it is needless now to recall. His name is Ambrose 
 Everett. [Applause.] 
 
 Hawkin, of Oregon I place before you for the office of surgeon -general a man 
 born in the South, raised in the South, a man who had to run away and beat his way 
 for two weeks through guerrilla bands to reach the Union lines where he might enlist 
 under the Union flag. He enlisted in 1861, and served through the whole war. He 
 is an honored member of the medical fraternity, and in behalf of the department of 
 Oregon, I nominate comrade O. M. Dodson, for the office of surgeon-general. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 Billings, of Massachusetts I am informed that comrade Everett who has been 
 put in nomination has been serving out the unexpired term of a comrade, or one sup 
 posed to be a comrade, elected at Portland last year; and I believe injustice to com 
 rade Everett the election to the position of surgeon-general for the coming } r ear is his 
 due, and therefore I take great pleasure, representing a large number if not all of 
 the comrades from Massachusetts, in seconding the nomination of Everett, of Denver. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 Faunce, of Potomac, seconded the nomination of Everett. 
 
 Shaw, of West Virginia I rise to put in nomination a man from West Virginia. 
 You have crossed the line of Mason and Dixon with one small office. I rise to put 
 in nomination as surgeon-general of this order Dr. Isaac Scott, of the seventh infan 
 try. We do ask a little something of you in the south of Mason and Dixon s line. 
 We have asked you for a number of years to come down and see us south of that 
 line, and you have given us nothing down there but one small office. There is a man 
 hereto-night who served in the Second Corps with him and knows him. I hope it will 
 be the pleastire of this convention to elect Dr. Isaac Scott. [Applause.] 
 
 Higby, of Ohio I rise to second the nomination of the candidate from the State 
 of Oregon. We have not given very much to those grand comrades on the other side 
 of Mason and Dixon s line. I personally know that the comrade who is recommended 
 by the State of Oregon comes from that class of people who sacrificed everything in 
 the days when it tried men s souls to be loyal to the Union itself. I know that he 
 ran away from his own family and friends and the dictates of the Governor of his 
 State, to join a Union regiment in the State of Kentucky. I know that he has per 
 fected himself in loyalty ; that he now comes from a State whose mountains cleave 
 the sky, and whose loyalty is as pure as the everlasting snow that caps their sum 
 mits. I know that this comrade, coming as he does from Tennessee, coming as he 
 does from Oregon, a State whose valleys are as green as those of sunny Italy, and 
 whose skies are as pure as those that ever shone above any State in this Union, 
 deserves this nomination. In behalf of Ohio, who never asks much [laughter] and 
 who seldom gets anything, I ask at your hands the nomination of the surgeon- 
 general of the State of Oregon. [Applause.] 
 
 The ballot resulted Everett 140, Dodson 21, and the former was declared elected. 
 
 Nominations for chaplain-in-chief being called for, Caukins, of Oregon, said : 
 
 I present the name of a comrade born in the State of New York ; in the midst of 
 his collegiate course he heard the guns firing against Sumter; he abandoned his 
 studies, enlisted in Harris light cavalr} , and was assigned to duty in Shenandoah 
 Valley. He was afterwards attached with his command to the Army of the Potomac ; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 153 
 
 was three times wounded in the field ; and was at last captured in one of those grand 
 raids in which our cavalry went into the rear of the rebel army in the vicinity of 
 Richmond, and remained in captivity until the Sunday before the surrender of Lee at 
 Appomattox. He returned, completed his seminary course, and then turning aside 
 from all the soft places which his ability commanded in the East, he betook himself 
 to the frontier of America in the far west Montana ; ever since that time until 
 now he has been upon the frontier ; he has been for eight years the Presbyterian 
 bishop of that vast territory embracing Oregon, Washington Territory, Alaska, 
 Montana, and Idaho, preaching more sermons in a week than any minister in the 
 United States, having the respect of his church throughout. I have the honor to 
 present to you as a candidate for this position the Reverend Doctor Robert W. Hill, 
 of Oregon. [Applause.] 
 
 Foster, of Indiana As an Indianaian I rise to place in nomination a former 
 citizen of Indiana. Born in the State of Indiana, he resided in that State until after 
 the close of the war. In the very first days after the call for volunteers he volun 
 teered in the Thirty-seventh Regiment of Indiana Volunteers, but being a minister, 
 he was appointed chaplain, and served three years and four months as chaplain of the 
 Thirty-seventh Indiana. After his tirne was out with that regiment he was placed 
 on the staff and retained on the staff of the great war governor, O. P. Morton, until 
 the close of the war, and there never was a man residing in Indiana who rendered 
 more efficient service and aid to Governor Morton than the comrade whose name I 
 shall mention. After the close of the war he removed to the State of Iowa. He is 
 now a resident of that State. I want to say that Indiana has not presented the name 
 of anybody up to this time for any office in this national encampment ; but as he was 
 an Indianaian, and as we know him, and as we knew the efficient service he rendered 
 during the entire war, we present his name before you. I want to say that he can 
 ontpreach, outpray, and outsing any man in the nation. I allude to Reverend John 
 Hogarth Lozier, who is not only a minister, but an author, a soldier, and a poet ; and 
 I undertake to say that this encampment cannot elect a man more deserving, or who 
 will fill the position with greater distinction. I nominate comrade Lozier, of Post 
 22, Sioux City, Iowa. [Applause.] 
 
 Campbell, of Kansas It is well known that the innate modesty of the people of 
 Kansas has prevented us from presenting the name of anybody for any office in th:s 
 encampment ; we stand entirely clear of any meanness of that kind ; but I want to 
 present the name of a man here for your suffrages for the office of chaplain for this 
 encampment who, when we were entertaining some guests that came through Topeka, 
 appeared in our big tent, and when he got up and made a short speech there I said, 
 There is a man who has got the right kind of metal in him ; he does not have to 
 have any certificate that he is a member of the Grand Army of the Republic ; to look 
 at him is enough." He is a Methodist preacher, and that s another good thing. He 
 entered the army from the State of Ohio when he was seventeen years of age ; he 
 fought for two years, enduring the hardships of the camp, and was in the front of the 
 fight when he was struck down and wounded, as they thought mortally, although he 
 partially recovered, and after two years service he was discharged from the service of 
 the United States on account of wounds. He went from the State of Ohio into the 
 State of Tennessee, and at Chattanooga, Tennessee, he preaches the gospel of grace 
 and Methodism to the poor of that city. I want to say to you that Tennessee came 
 here and asked you to cross the border and go down into the South for the purpose of 
 inspiring them with a little loyalty ; you saw fit not to do it, and now I want you to 
 
154 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 take a chaplain from Tennessee who can pray for the people down there as well as 
 for the people up here. I place in nomination Reverend Thomas C. Warner, of Ten 
 nessee, for chaplain-in-chief. [Applause.] 
 
 Rassieur, of Missouri As one of the delegation from Missouri, we can not do 
 justice to the department made up of Tennessee and Georgia without seconding the 
 nomination of Thomas C. Warner for the position of chaplain-in-chief. They have 
 labored so earnestly to tender us a place to meet him for three years past, and that 
 they ought not to be sent home empty-handed and without honor from this encamp 
 ment ; and I hope that we will at least do them that much honor to select such a 
 capable man as comrade Warner for the position of chaplain. [Applause.] 
 
 Grosvenor, of Potomac I have not seconded the nomination of anybody for 
 Commander-in-Chief, or for any of the other officers, until I got down to one, that 
 of chaplain ; that I understand something about. I did not know anything about 
 the qualification of these other men ; I do know what it takes to make a first-class 
 chaplain. I have nothing to say against comrade Warner ; he was chaplain of the 
 Ohio encampment, and was a most satisfactory one ; he lives in a Union county and 
 a Union city, and it may be well enough to elect such a man to go to an encampment in 
 a State that does not allow a Union general to vote at elections St. Louis ; but I 
 desire to assure } T OU that chaplain Lozier has another good quality ; he not only can 
 pray, but on necessary occasions he can use language that would not fit into a prayer 
 without dovetailing. [Laughter.] He can preach, and he can outsing any man in 
 the country, and he can fight within my own personal knowledge and observation. 
 I would like to see that sort of a man head the column of the Grand Arniy when we 
 attack the stronghold of the strongest rebel city outside of the seceding States of this 
 Union. [Applause.] 
 
 Adams, of Massachusetts I was instructed by the delegation from Massachu 
 setts to present the name of a comrade from our department. We have lots of men 
 who will make good -chaplains in our delegation ; but I have seen the work of the 
 chaplain from Chattanooga in the convention that he made in Kansas ; he has con 
 verted a man there whom we say is able to preach the Methodist gospel on any platform, 
 and if he can do such good work in Kansas, he can in any department where he may 
 visit, if he is elected chaplain. Therefore, in behalf of Massachusetts, I second the 
 nomination of Warner, and waive the claims of Massachusetts to the position of 
 chaplain-in-chief. [Applause.] 
 
 Clarke, of Ohio In behalf of the delegation from Ohio, I desire to second the 
 nomination of Warner, of Chattanooga. I wish to say in behalf of comrade Warner, 
 that a few years ago the department of Ohio contained 10,000 members ; it contains 
 now 32,000 ; that is the result of the work of just such eloquent men as Warner. 
 He went all over that State, wherever he was asked for, making speeches in the 
 interest of the Grand Army. He was finally rewarded by being elected chaplain of 
 the department, and was transferred by his bishop, or whoever is the authority, to 
 Chattanooga before he served out his time. We are heartily in favor of comrade 
 Warner. [Applause.] 
 
 Woodworth, of Ohio I put in nomination a comrade who enlisted in the State 
 of Ohio when he was a mere stripling of a boy, scarcely seventeen years of age. He 
 went forward in the forefront of the battle, and at the battle of Fredericksburg he 
 was stricken down with a rebel bullet ; he was thought to be mortally wounded, but, 
 thank God! he lives, and has become an earnest, honest, steadfast minister of the 
 gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ. I have had the pleasure of sitting under the sound 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. ir,r, 
 
 of his voice, and, I must say, that I never listened to a more earnest discourse in all 
 my life. I take pleasure in seconding the nomination of comrade Warner. 
 
 The nominations of Hill and Lozier were withdrawn, and, by acclamation, T. C. 
 Warner was declared the unanimous choice of the encampment for chaplain. 
 
 The following- national council of administration was elected, after which the 
 encampment adjourned sine die : California, Napoleon P. Chipman ; Colorado, Frank 
 Hunter; Connecticut, William E. Simonds ; Dakota, George A. Silby ; Delaware, 
 George W. King ; Florida, E. W. Henck ; Department of the Gulf, Henry Shorten ; 
 Illinois, R. F. Wilson ; Indiana, Cortland E. Whitsit ; Iowa, J. B. Morgan ; Kansas, 
 J. W. Feighan; Kentucky, D. O. Riley; Maine, A. M. Sawyer; Massachusetts, John 
 L. Otis; Maryland, George B. Creamer; Michigan, George L. Devlin; Minnesota, 
 W. W. P. McConnell; Missouri, Eugene F. Wiegel ; Montana, W. F. Sanders; 
 Nebraska, James O. West; New Hampshire, James Minot; New Jersey, Bishop W. 
 Mains ; New Mexico, Thomas W. Collier; New York, Henry E. Turner; Ohio, D. R. 
 Austin; Oregon, Charles L. Fay; Pennsylvania, Samuel Harper; Department of the 
 Potomac, S. C. Faunce; Rhode Island, George O. Reddy; Tennessee and Georgia, 
 Edward S. Jones; Texas, A. Belknap ; Utah, W. H. Nye; Virginia, Peter Morton; 
 Washington Territory, Frank G. Fray; West Virginia, S. F. Shore; Wisconsin, J. 
 L. Wheat. The departments of Arkansas and Vermont are vacant. 
 
 Adams, of Massachusetts, moved that a vote of thanks be tendered to Com- 
 mander-in-Chief Burdett for the able and impartial manner in which he has presided 
 over this encampment. 
 
 The motion was carried unanimously, and on motion of Beath, of Pennsylvania, 
 a similar vote of thanks was tendered to the Senior and Junior Vice-Commanders- 
 in-Chief. 
 
 The newly elected officers were then installed, after which Commander-in-Chief 
 Fairchild, being called to the platform, said : 
 
 I will say but one word ; I want again to express my hearty thanks for, and high 
 appreciation of, the honor which you have conferred upon me. I deem it an honor to 
 have been placed in competition with the distinguished Grand Army men whom you 
 have voted for to-night my old friends Rea, Tanner, Reynolds, and Burst, all good 
 and true men ; and I esteem it an especial honor that I have been chosen in prefer 
 ence to any of them. [Applause.] 
 
 There being no further business before it, the twentieth national encampment of 
 the Grand Army of the Republic adjourned sine die. 
 
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES 
 
 GRAND ARMY* OF THE REPUBLIC 
 
 CHRISTOPHER GRATTAN. 
 
 Was born at Scranton, Pa., March 17, 1844, an d during life has 
 been by occupation a machinist, engineer, and miner; at present a resi 
 dent of Pleasanton, Alameda County, Cal. A member of Lou Morris Post, 
 No. 47, G. A. R., with headquarters at Livermore, Alameda County, Cal. 
 He enlisted September 15, 1862, in Company I, i3th Pa. Cavalry, and was 
 a sergeant of his company. The regiment being attached to the 2d Bri 
 gade, 2d Division, C. C., and participated in forty-two general engage 
 ments and skirmishes from Winchester to Raleigh, N. C. The first of 
 which was at Fisher s Hill, where they were defeated with a loss 
 of 200 men out of 300. His company shared the victories and defeats 
 of the Army of the Potomac, being identified with it. The i3th 
 was a fighting regiment known as the " i3th Bloody Cavalry," com 
 manded by Colonel Kerwine, in General Gregg s Division. Mr. Grattan 
 was one of eight of the original company who remained when they were 
 mustered out of service at Raleigh, N. C. , on July 14, 1865. 
 
 LYMAN LEITH NATTINGER. 
 
 \Vas born in Morgan County, Ohio, December 7, 1845 > went from a 
 farm at sixteen years of ageand enlisted in Company E, io4th Illinois Vol 
 unteers, August 7, 1862; his first engagement was under the command of 
 General Rosecrans at Hartsville, Tenn. , where he was wounded by a rifle- 
 ball, which struck him on the right side of the neck at the base of the 
 
158 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 skull; was taken prisoner, and finally confined in Libby Prison at Rich 
 mond, Va. Was paroled and exchanged February 18, 1863; rejoined his 
 regiment, which belonged to the ist Brigade, ist Division, i4th Army 
 Corps; was engaged in the battles of Nashville, Tenn., Chickamauga, 
 Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta, 
 Jonesborough, and all the other actions in which his corps participated; 
 was with Sherman in the march to the sea, thence through South and North 
 Carolina; was present at the surrender of Johnston, thence to Richmond, 
 Va. , and to Washington, and in the grand review at that city. He was 
 mustered out of service, by reason of the expiration of the war, at Chicago, 
 August 21, 1865; had served as private, corporal, and sergeant; returning 
 to private life he learned the trade of carriage-builder, in which business 
 he was employed at Ottawa, Ills., and Fowler, Ind. , until 1875, when he 
 came to California and continued it for a time; is at present foreman of 
 the San Jose Agricultural Works; is a member of Phil Sheridan Post, 
 G. A. R., of San Jose, and one of its past post commanders. 
 
 WM. HARVEY BROWN, 
 
 Of San Jose, Cal., was born in Schoharie County, N. Y., September 6, 
 1834, and previous to the Civil War was the superintendent of a quartz-mill 
 in Tuolumne County, Cal.; enlisted in Company I, 8th California Infantry, 
 January 16, 1865, and was made a sergeant; was on guard duty for some 
 months at Benicia Arsenal; then stationed at Fort Point, and on provost 
 guard duty in San Francisco; was made wagon and forage master for 
 his regiment, in which capacity he served until mustered out with his 
 regiment in the fall of 1865. He has been since the war a street con 
 tractor in San Jose, a regular police officer, a deputy sheriff for Santa 
 Clara County, and is at present a private detective. He is an enthu 
 siastic member of Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R., of San Jose. 
 
 EDWIN RECTOR. 
 
 Was born in Schenectady County, N. Y., November 4, 1843; was 
 a farmer before the war ; has since been engaged in mercantile pur 
 suits; is at present a member of the firm of Fox & Rector, wholesale 
 and retail dealers in hay, grain, wool, and coal, at San Jose, Cal.; 
 enlisted in company C, 95th Illinois Volunteers, August 22, 1862, and 
 joined the Army of the Tennessee; had two brothers in the same company 
 and regiment, both of whom served throughout the campaigns in Ten 
 nessee and with Sherman in his march to the sea ; was discharged from 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. la-i 
 
 service March 24, 1863, on account of disability resulting from a severe 
 attack of typhoid fever, brought on by extreme exposure and hardships, 
 and from the effects of which he has not as yet entirely recovered ; is a 
 pensioner and an esteemed member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., of San 
 Jose, Cal. By fair dealings with his fellow-men he has gained their respect 
 and confidence, and is regarded as a substantial citizen of his town. Com 
 rade Rector is a member of Enterprise Lodge, A. O. U. W. 
 
 JAMES L. EVANS. 
 
 Was born in Gloucester, Mass., May 26, 1821, and is by occupation 
 a miner ; was mustered into the U. S. service September 17, 1861, as 
 ist Lieutenant of Company F, 4th California Infantry Volunteers; served 
 in Lower California and Arizona ; in the latter department was engaged 
 on Indian scouting duty; was honorably discharged from the service 
 October 30, 1863, by special order department of the Pacific. Lieutenant 
 Evans is also a veteran of the Mexican War. He served in General Wool s 
 division, and took part in the battle of Buena Vista. He is a member of 
 Sunnier Post,G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., of which city he is a resident. 
 
 PELIG B. ARNOLD. 
 
 Was born in Norwich, Conn., June 10, 1833. Is a carpenter by trade, 
 and at present a resident of Stockton, Cal. Is a member of Rawlins 
 Post, No. 23, at that place. Enlisted in Company E of the 65th Ne\v 
 York Infantry in September, 1863, and was discharged on account of dis 
 ability. Re-enlisted on the 8th of March, 1864, in Company I of the 2ist 
 Connecticut Infantry. Served as a private during both enlistments. Was 
 attached to the 6th Army Corps. Took part in the engagements at 
 Williamsburg and Malvern Hill, Bermuda Hundred, Cold Harbor, and 
 mine explosion at Petersburg. Was taken prisoner at Malvern Hill, and 
 was not released for about four months. \Vas honorably discharged from 
 the service May 18, 1865. 
 
 AMERICUS V. STOCKWELL. 
 
 W T as born in Allegany, Cattaraugus County, N. Y., July 27, 1836; 
 came to California in 1858, and was engaged in stock-raising until 1860; 
 then went into the mines, where he remained until 1863, when he entered 
 into the business of street contracting in San Francisco; enlisted Septem 
 ber 17, 1864, in Company H, 2d California Cavalry; was assigned to provost 
 
Kii) RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 guard duty in Sacramento, from which he was detached and assigned to 
 escort duty with General McDowell, making the rounds of the military 
 posts in Arizona, preparatory to the relief of the volunteers by the regulars; 
 was mustered out of service at Los Angeles, Cal., April 20, 1866; by reason 
 of disbandment of volunteers; is now engaged in employment agency and 
 intelligence office at San Jose, Cal.; is a member of John A. Dix Post, 
 G. A. R., of that city. 
 
 DANIEL MACK DAVIS. 
 
 Was born in Van Buren County, Iowa, August 26, 1848. His occu 
 pations in life have been various; has been a printer, engaged in agri 
 cultural pursuits, then merchandizing; an orchardist when he first came 
 to California after the war, and is at present in the hardware business in 
 San Jose. He enlisted in Company E, i5th Iowa Volunteer Infantry, in 
 January, 1 865, the regiment belonging to the i yth Army Corps. On account 
 of his youth, being but sixteen years of age, and his delicate constitution, 
 he was appointed regimental postmaster, and assigned to duty at regi 
 mental headquarters. He was honorably discharged from the service in 
 August, 1865; is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, 
 Cal., where he resides. 
 
 B. F. FOSTER. 
 
 Was born in Calais, Me., March 25, 1842; is by occupation a farmer; 
 enlisted in Company K, ist California Cavalry, April 3, 1863, and was 
 appointed a corporal; served during the w r ar in the military department 
 of New Mexico, and with his company was in several Indian engage 
 ments. He was honorably discharged from service April 3, 1866; is a 
 member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., Stockton, Cal., and resides near Locke- 
 ford, San Joaquin County, Cal. 
 
 E. W. CHARLES. 
 
 . Was born at Fryeburg, Me. on May 27, 1839. Went to Chicago in 
 1856, determined to paddle his own canoe; arrived therewith $1.75 in 
 his pocket ; clerked in a lumber-yard for a time, but not meeting with 
 success, became a school teacher and so continued until September 6, 1861, 
 the date of his enlistment in Company A of the 49th Illinois Infantry, 
 with which regiment he served as sergeant (mostly in the medical depart 
 ment) until December 15, 1862, when he was mustered out by order 
 of General Grant to accept an appointment as acting master s mate in the 
 Navy, in which position he served until July of the same year, the date of 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 161 
 
 his resignation on account of ill-health. Returning to his residence at 
 Waterloo, 111., commenced reading medicine with Drs. Copp and Whit- 
 more, and attended a course of lectures at the St. Louis Medical College, 
 and the following April re-enlisted for six months as surgeon s steward 
 on the U. S. steamer Nymph, of the Mississippi squadron ; was dis 
 charged in September, 1864. Attended another course of lectures at 
 St. Louis, and graduated in March, 1865 ; was examined, and on March 
 n, 1865, was commissioned first assistant surgeon of the 6oth Illinois 
 Infantry, then stationed near Savannah ; was discharged with that regi 
 ment in July, 1865. On August yth, the same year, was commissioned 
 first assistant surgeon of the 36th Illinois Infantry, stationed at New 
 Orleans, La. ; was discharged with the others of this command October 8, 
 1865. During this varied service was attached to the Army of the Ten 
 nessee, i3th Corps, from January, 1862, to December, 1862 ; U. S. Navy 
 from January n, 1863, to September 15, 1864; to the 3d Brigade, 2d 
 Division, of the I4th Army Corps from March to July, 1865, and the 
 Department of the Gulf from August to October of the same year. Dur 
 ing all of which was in the following engagements: Fort Donelson, Shiloh, 
 Arkansas Post, Fort Beauregard, Vicksburg, Haines Bluff, and ran by 
 the batteries at Vicksburg on the U. S. gimboat General Price ; was pres 
 ent at the bombardment at Grand Gulf, etc. 
 
 Since the war comrade Charles has practiced medicine and surgery, 
 and for the last fourteen years in California ; was a member of Sunnier 
 Post, No. 3, of Sacramento, until April, 1886, when through his instru 
 mentality Chattanooga Post, No. 115, was organized at Nevada City, CaL, 
 his place of residence, to which post he at once transferred his meniber- 
 ship. This Post mustered more men, in comparison to membership, in 
 the grand parade at the twentieth encampment, than any other, there 
 being thirty-five out of thirty-seven members in the ranks, which speaks 
 well for the zeal of its organizer. 
 
 ANDREW E. VEON. 
 
 Was born in Crawford County, Pa., March 16, 1845. Has been a 
 merchant; is at present a jeweler at Brainerel, Minn. Enlisted in 
 Company C, 29th Wisconsin Infantry, August 13, 1862, and served a 
 short time as private, and then as courier at brigade headquarters; was 
 attached to the ist Brigade, 3d Division, and i3th Army Corps; was in 
 the engagements during the Vicksburg campaign and Banks two trips up 
 Red River; is a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, No. 30, department of 
 Minnesota, with headquarters at his place of residence; was mustered out 
 
162 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 at Shreveport, La., June 22, 1865; enlisted first, at the age of sixteen, in 
 1861, bnt when the company was mustered in was sent home on account 
 of size and age, his father having withheld his consent to the enlistment; 
 later on father and son enlisted in the same company. At the battle of 
 Champion Hills, Miss., his gun was shattered to pieces in his hands by a 
 rifle-ball; was in the rifle-pits before Vicksburg for forty -seven days; at 
 the occupation of Jackson was knocked senseless by a spent ball striking 
 him on the forehead; his clothes were pierced by shot several times on the 
 expedition up Red River; was injured by his horse at the battle of Carrion 
 Crow Bayou, from which he suffers at the present time; was captured at 
 the battle of Sabine Cross-roads in 1864, and imprisoned at Tyler, Tex.; 
 taken from Tyler with 600 others and marched for two months, Mr. Veon 
 was paroled at Houston, and delivered to the blockading fleet at Galveston; 
 rejoined his regiment at New Orleans, and proceeded to Shreveport, La., 
 and witnessed the surrender of the place, when he was in charge of guards 
 over the same men who guarded him when a prisoner. Comrade Veon has 
 been .quartermaster of his post, and is at present its commander; is also 
 assistant inspector of the department and aid-de-camp on the staff of the 
 department commander. 
 
 I. V. B. LOGAN. 
 
 Was born in Middletown, Jefferson County, Ky., November 20, 
 1840. Was educated for mercantile pursuits, and is at present a merchant. 
 Enlisted in Company E, 5th California Infantry, September 19, 1861; 
 served during the war, in California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Western 
 Texas; taking part in several Indian fights; was mustered out of service 
 at Messilla, New Mexico, November 30, 1864. He is a member of Rawlins 
 Post, G. A. R., Stockton, Cal., of which city he is a resident. 
 
 THEODORE AYEOULT BARTON. 
 
 Was born in Newport, R. I., July 2, 1844, and is an accountant; 
 residing at present at Providence, R. I. Enlisted September 18, 1862, in 
 the 3d Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Militia; was afterward com 
 missioned 2d lieutenant in the 2d Regiment Massachusetts Heavy 
 Artillery, and later on was promoted to ist lieutenant in the 58th Massa 
 chusetts Volunteers; served in the ist Brigade, 2d Division, and gth Army 
 Corps, Army of the Potomac, the i8th Corps at Newberne, and ist Bri 
 gade, 2d Division, Qth Army Corps in Virginia; was mustered out of the 
 service, with his regiment, July 14, 1865. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 163 
 
 Comrade Barton was a member of Prescott Post, No. i, of Providence, 
 R, L, which post he joine.i May 30, 1867, transferring to Slocum Post, 
 No. 10, of the same place, in February, 1868. He served as commander 
 of his present post for three years, and as inspector, junior and senior 
 vice department commander, and department commander of Rhode Island. 
 Was, for three years, captain and aid-de-camp of the Rhode Island militia, 
 and is now serving his second year as colonel and aid-de-camp on the staff 
 of Governor Wetmore, of Rhode Island. 
 
 DANIEL D. TRIPP. 
 
 Was born in New Bedford, Mass., June i, 1833, and is by occupation 
 a butcher; enlisted in Company A, 4ist Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, 
 August 20, 1862; was subsequently transferred to the 3d Massachusetts 
 Cavalry, and then to Company I, 3d Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps; 
 was in the battles at Irish Bend and the siege of Port Hudson; was dis 
 charged from service July 25, 1865, by reason of disbandment of his 
 regiment. He is a member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., at Stockton, Cal., 
 of which city he is a resident. 
 
 BENJAMIN W. HARRIS. 
 
 Was born in Smithfield, R. L, and is by occupation an engineer and 
 machinist. He was commissioned as captain, Company F, loth Rhode 
 Island Volunteers, May 24, 1862, and served in the defenses of Washing 
 ton; was mustered out of service in September, 1862. He is a member 
 of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., Stockton, Cal., but at present a resident of 
 San Francisco. 
 
 H. B. LOOMIS. 
 
 Was born in Onondaga County, N. Y., June 12, 1829, all( ^ * s b>" occu 
 pation a journalist ; enlisted in the loth Wisconsin Infantry, September, 
 1 86 1, and served in Kentucky in Mitchell s Division. He was honorably 
 discharged from service at Green River, Ky., February 12, 1862. He is 
 a member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., at Stockton, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 JACOB FRITSCH. 
 
 Was born in New Orleans, La., July 22, 1845. His occupations in 
 life have been those of laborer and bar-tender. He enlisted in Company 
 F, 2d California Calvary, in which regiment he served for three years, and 
 as first sergeant of his company. At the expiration of his term of service 
 
164 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 he re-enlisted, and was made duty sergeant of Company E, 8th California 
 Infantry, in which regiment he served eleven months, and until it was 
 mustered out, at San Francisco, October 24, 1865. While in the 2d Cal 
 ifornia Calvary, which was on scouting duty in Utah, Idaho, and Nevada, 
 he was engaged in several skirmishes with the Snake and Piute Indians. 
 He is a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., in San Francisco, 
 but resides at present in Stockton, Cal. 
 
 WILLIAM LAWS. 
 
 Was born in Philadelphia, Pa. Since the war has been a cook. Ran 
 away from home when fourteen years old and enlisted in Company F, 
 of the 2oth U. S. Colored Infantry, the first colored regiment from New 
 York State, and served as a private. Was attached to the igth Army Corps, 
 served until October, 1865, was wounded in right breast. Comrade Laws 
 is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., where he 
 resides. 
 
 WALTER W. VAUGHN. 
 
 Was born in W T est Liberty, Logan County, Ohio, November 25, 1827. 
 His occupation has been that of carpenter and joiner. He enlisted as a 
 musician in Company H, 8th California Infantry, which regiment, during 
 its term of service, was stationed in the military department of California, 
 and was mustered out in the fall of 1865. Comrade Vaughn is a resident 
 of Stockton, Cal., and a member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R. , in that city. 
 
 WILLIAM BRANCH, 
 
 A resident of Tombstone, A. Ty. ; born in Baden, Germany, September 
 17, 1824 ; enlisted June 20, 1861, with 2d Kansas Infantry, Company F, 
 which was attached to General Lyon s forces in Missouri ; was engaged in 
 the hard-fought battle of Wilson s Creek, near Springfield, Missouri, where 
 General Lyon was killed. Comrade Branch is a member of Burnside 
 Post, No. 36, department of California, with headquarters at Tombstone, 
 A. Ty. 
 
 CHARLES H. HORNE. 
 
 Was born in Dover, N. H., on July 26, 1836, removed to Massachu 
 setts in 1840, and to Wisconsin in 1849; crossed the plains, and settled at 
 Yreka, Cal., in 1853. In 1855-56 was a member of Captain Abel George s 
 Yreka Volunteer Company; engaged against the Indians in the battle at 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 165 
 
 Hayes Ranch and Big Bend. Removed to Salem, Oregon in 1861, and 
 there was assistant foreman of the Salem Hook and Ladder Company. 
 Enlisted November 18, 1861, in the ist Oregon Volunteer Cavalry, and 
 was quartermaster-sergeant of Company B of that regiment, serving until 
 November 18, 1864, when he was honorably discharged from the service. 
 In civil life has been a mechanic and miner. Is a member of Negley Post, 
 No. 35, of Tucson, A. Ty., of which place he is at present a resident. 
 
 VICTOR HECK, 
 
 Of Stockton, Cal. , was born in New Orleans, La., September n, 1841; 
 his occupation in life has been merchandizing. He enlisted in Company I, 
 6th California Infantry, in July, 1864; was made second sergeant and placed 
 on detached service-guard duty on mail steamers from San Francisco to 
 Panama; was mustered out of service September 16, 1865. He is a 
 member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R. , at Stockton, California. 
 
 GUY T. GOULD. 
 
 Was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, April 23, 1845 ; came to America 
 when seven years old, and located at Troy, N. Y. , where he resided until 
 the breaking out of the war ; when sixteen years old hejoined Company H, 
 of the 2d New York Infantry, and notwithstanding the fact of being refused 
 muster on account of his size and youth, he went with the regiment 
 May 9, 1861, to Fortress Monroe and did a soldier s duty, participating 
 with the regiment in the introductory campaigns of the war including 
 the engagements at Big and Little Bethel. 
 
 Giving up all hopes of being mustered in, he went west and experi 
 enced no trouble in getting mustered in Battery G of the ad Illinois Light 
 Artillery; enlisted December 2, 1861, and served with this battery until 
 September 6, 1864, when he was made quartermaster-sergeant of the 
 regiment, and as such served until the close of the war ; was mustered out 
 August 27, 1865. 
 
 Engaged in mercantile pursuits until 1870, when he became super 
 intendent of the western division of the Chicago post-office and so con 
 tinued until June 2, 1885 ; is now engaged in mercantile business in 
 Chicago. Comrade Gould was one of the first to enter the ranks of the 
 Grand Army of the Republic, and became a member of Nevins Post, No. 
 i, of Rockford, Ills., in May, 1867 ; since then has been adjutant of 
 Nevins Post, commander of Ransom Post, of Chicago, senior vice-depart 
 ment commander and department commander of Illinois, and in 1874 was 
 
166 
 
 elected at the Harrisburg, Pa., encampment Junior Vice-Commander-in- 
 Chief ; is now the senior past department commander of his department ; 
 is enthusiastic in everything affecting the interest of old soldiers and sailors, 
 and although badly disabled is still in the ranks for his comrades and his 
 flag. 
 
 EBENEZER WILLIAMS. 
 
 Was born in Scott County, Ills., March 28, 1834; his occupation in 
 life has been that of a farmer. He enlisted in the i29th Illinois Volun 
 teers, August 13, 1862, attached to the 3d Division, 2oth Army Corps; 
 was engaged in the battles of Resaca. Lookout Mountain, New Hope 
 Church, Peach Tree Creek, and numerous skirmishes ; was honorably dis 
 charged from service July 5, 1865 ; is a member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., 
 Stockton, and resides at Oakdale, Stanislaiis County, Cal. 
 
 JOSEPH SIMON. 
 
 A member of Lyon Post, No. 8, of Oakland, Cal., his present place of 
 residence; was born in Germany, February 12, 1828, and is by occu 
 pation a butcher. Enlisted in the 2d Missouri Infantry, in April 1861, 
 and was commissioned captain of Company B of that regiment in 
 September, 1861, and attached to the i6th Army Corps. Took part in the 
 following battles: Wilson s Creek, Pea Ridge, Corinth, and Chattanooga; 
 was honorably discharged from the service in 1864. 
 
 WILHELM JOHNSON. . 
 
 Was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, December 12, 1838; is a book- 
 k^eper. Enlisted in Company I of the I2th U. S. Infantry in February, 
 1864, and served as quartermaster s clerk, stationed in Arizona; took part 
 in several skirmishes with Indians; was honorably discharged from the 
 service in September, 1867. Comrade Johnson is a member of Rawlins 
 Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 THOS. GREGORY. 
 
 Born September 8, 1848, at Cheltenham, Eng., and in civil life has 
 been a restaurant-keeper. At the age of fourteen, in 1862, he joined the 
 Polish Insurrectionary Army in London, Eng., and served under Col. 
 Lapinski until taken prisoner by the Swedes and sent back to England in 
 1863, whence he proceeded to New York and enlisted in the ii5th N. Y. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 167 
 
 Volunteers in October of that year. Transferred to the 4;th N. Y. in 
 1865. During which time he filled the following positions: private, cor 
 poral, sergeant, and adjutant clerk, performing service with the 2d Brigade, 
 2cl Division, of the loth Army Corps, participating in battles at Olustee, 
 Fla., Chester Heights, Va., Chapins Farm, Va., Deep Bottom, Cold Har 
 bor, Petersburg, Darbytown Road, Fort Fisher, Cemetery Hill, Head 
 Mound, Kenansville, N. C., and other engagements. Was wounded in 
 neck during the Polish War, also at Chester Heights, Va., on the head by 
 apiece of shell, and in the left groin in the charge on Cemetery Hill after 
 exploding a mine, was shot by a bummer in right foot at Kenansville, 
 N. C., while on guard duty. Comrade Gregory is a member of Burnside 
 Post, No. 36, with headquarters at his present place of residence, Tomb 
 stone, A. TV. 
 
 O. B. VINCENT. 
 
 Comrade Vincent was born in Washington County, Ohio, May 26, 
 1845, an d in civil life has been engaged in railroading in various capaci 
 ties, such as agent, telegraph operator, and accountant. Is a member 
 of Lander Post, No. 27, department of California, with headquarters at 
 Austin, Nev., his present place of residence. Enlisted in the "Ohio 
 National .Guard " on the formation of that body iii 1863. His regiment 
 responded to the President s call for " 100 days men," and was mustered 
 into the U. S. service as the i48th Ohio Infantry, in May 1864, and pro 
 ceeded to Harpers Ferry. From this place they were soon ordered to join 
 the army of General Grant, who was at that time fighting his way through 
 the wilderness, but not making connections, on account of Grant s having 
 crossed to the south side of the James River, they proceeded to Bermuda 
 Hundred, where they were placed on garrison duty, relieving veterans who 
 were needed at the front. Immediately on arrival, private Vincent was 
 detailed on telegraph duty, and remained in that service until the regi 
 ment was ordered horns, and mustered out at Marietta, Ohio, in Septem 
 ber of the same year. 
 
 ARNOLD T. NEEDHAM. 
 
 Was born on the Island of Guernsey, Great Britain, August 14, 1838. 
 Is a Methodist minister. Enlisted May 24, 1861, as a private in the i3th 
 Illinois Infantry, and served as corporal, sergeant, and chaplain; was 
 attached to the ist Brigade, ist Division, of the i5th Army Corps; was 
 commissioned chaplain June 30, 1863, after having served for two years 
 in the ranks; was in the battles at Chickasaw Bayou, Dixon Station, 
 Tuscumbia, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Ringold Gap, and 
 
168 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Madison Station. Dr. Eddy s "Patriotism of Illinois " vol. i, p. 299, 
 remarks as follows: " It is due one officer of the i3th to state a fact or two. 
 The chaplain at the time the regiment went out of service was Rev. Arnold 
 T. Needham. At the breaking out of the war he enlisted as a private. He 
 was subsequently promoted as sergeant for bravery. By his active, yet 
 unobtrusive piety, his zeal in caring for the woimded and dying, he had 
 so won upon the officers of the regiment that they recommended his 
 appointment to that office, although he was not even a licentiate. Leave 
 of absence was granted; he returned to his home in Chicago, was licensed 
 and ordained, and received his commission. Chaplain Needham is a 
 devoted Christian minister, and at the expiration of the time of enlist 
 ment, he entered the Rock River annual conference of the Methodist 
 Episcopal Church, and was appointed to a pastoral charge, where he gives 
 full proof of his ministry." Comrade Needham is at present a resident 
 of Alameda, Cal., and a member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., of Stockton, 
 Cal. 
 
 EDWARD SCOTT. 
 
 Was born in England, May n, 1831; has been a fanner and book 
 keeper. Enlisted in Company H of the 8th California Regiment, and 
 served as ist lieutenant, his commission bearing date of February, 1864; 
 performed service in California; was mustered out at the close of the war, 
 in the fall of 1865. Comrade Scott is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, 
 of Stockton, Cal., where he resides; is quartermaster of his post. 
 
 RICHARD CONDY. 
 
 Was born in the town of Liskeard, in the county of Cornwall, Eng 
 land, March 4, 1827; h* 5 occupations in life have been those of musician 
 and tailor; he enlisted in the 3d California Infantry, October 8, 1861, as 
 leader of the band, and served in the department of the Pacific; was mus 
 tered out of service September 28, 1862. He is a member of Rawlins 
 Post, G. A. R., at Stockton, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 ISAAC TABOR. 
 
 
 Surgeon of Kilpatrick Post, No. 38, of St. Helena, Cal. Comrade 
 Tabor was born in Smithfield, R. I., February 28, 1817; is a grandson of 
 Ichabod Tabor, of Pawtucket, R. I., who served in the Revolutionary 
 War. Surgeon Tabor was educated at the Friends School, at Providence, 
 R. I. (his mother being a member of the Society of Friends); studied 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 169 
 
 medicine in Cherry Valley, N. Y. ; graduated in medicine and surgery at 
 the Vermont Medical College, Woodstock, Vt, in June, 1841; practiced 
 in St. Louis, Mo., but owing to ill-health removed to Texas in the winter 
 of 1842-43, where he remained until 1860, when he was obliged to leave 
 on account of his Union sentiments. Proceeding to Providence, R. I., at 
 the first call for troops he offered his services, but owing to the large 
 number offering at that time, was forced to wait until May, 1864, when, 
 Medical Director McCormick having called for volunteer surgeons to assist 
 at Fortress Monroe, he again offered his services, which being accepted, 
 he was commissioned surgeon March 24, 1864; was honorably discharged 
 June 26, 1864. Surgeon Tabor came to California in 1876, and is at 
 present a successful practitioner of medicine at St. Helena, Cal. 
 
 PATRICK GAYNOR. 
 
 A member of W. H. Seward Post, at Woodland, department of Cali 
 fornia, was born in County Lietrim, Ireland, in 1826; by occupation a 
 laborer. Enlisted in 1861 in the 28th Massachusetts Regiment, and served 
 in the gth Army Corps in South Carolina; was promoted to sergeant in 
 1862; took part in the engagements at James Island, S. C. , capture of Fort 
 Pulaski, battle of Bull Run, and others; was wounded in the left thigh 
 and on cheek by a saber an unusual occurrence in modern \varfare; was 
 discharged from the service in 1864. 
 
 JAMES BARRY. 
 
 Born in Ireland in 1838; arrived in New York in 1860; is by occu 
 pation a tailor; enlisted May 16, 1861, in the 5th U. S. Artillery (Griffin s 
 Batten-), and served as a private; was attached to the 2d Brigade, 5th 
 Army Corps, taking part in the following-named battles: Mechanicsville, 
 Games Mills; Malvern Hill, Antietam, Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, 
 Chancellorsville, Mine Run, Grovetown, Gettysburg, eleven days in the 
 Wilderness, and Spottsylvania Court-house; was honorably discharged at 
 the expiration of his enlistment, May 16, 1864. Comrade Barry is a 
 member of Kilpatrick Post, No. 38, at St. Helena, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 WILLIAM H. WHITE. 
 
 Was born in Huntingdon County, Pa., May 15, 1846; is by occu 
 pation an engineer. Enlisted in Company B, 49th Pennsylvania Infantry; 
 served for a time as a scout. His regiment belonged to the 3d Brigade, 
 ist Division, 6th Army Corps; was in the battles of Antietam, Fredericks- 
 
170 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 burg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Rappahannock Station, and through 
 the Wilderness campaign to Petersburg. He received a bayonet wound 
 through the left arm on the loth of May, 1864, in one of the charges in 
 the Wilderness, and a carbine bullet wound in right breast at Woodstock; 
 was mustered out of service June 27, 1865. He is at present a resident 
 of Stockton, Cal., and a member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., of that city. 
 
 EDWARD JARDINE. 
 
 A resident of New York; was born in New York, November 2, 1828, 
 and has been engaged in mercantile life. Enlisted April 19, 1861, in the 
 9th New York Volunteers, and during his service was successively pro 
 moted to captain, major, lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and brigadier-general; 
 served in the Qth Army Corps; was with Burnside s expedition, and in the 
 Army of the Potomac, ist Brigade, 2d Division; was in the following 
 engagements: Hatteras Inlet, Roanoke Island, South Mountain, Antietam, 
 and Fredericksburg; was twice wounded, and again in draft riots in New 
 York, July, 1863. Comrade Jardine is a member of Kimball Post, No. 
 100, department of New York. He was honorably discharged in May, 
 1865. 
 
 M. S. WEBB. 
 
 Was born in Vermont August 15, 1838 ; has been a locomotive engi 
 neer and master mechanic; enlisted in August, 1861, in the 63d Pennsyl 
 vania Regiment; re-enlisted in August, 1864, in Battery B of the ist 
 Pennsylvania Arlillery, and served as a private and bugler; was attached 
 to the 5th Army Corps, and took part in its campaigns; was present at 
 Fortress Monroe and witnessed the engagements with the Merrimac and 
 the federal fleet; was at the fall of Yorktown and through the Peninsula 
 campaigns; the Seven Days Fight and Malvern Hill, fall of Petersburg, 
 and many others; was in Washington and witnessed the review of Sher 
 man s army and the Army of the Potomac; was mustered out June 9, 
 1865. Comrade Webb is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, 
 Cal., where he resides. 
 
 JOHN A. F. PIEPER. 
 
 Was born in Prussia November 18, 1840; a farmer; enlisted May 28, 
 1863, in Company G of the 47th Iowa Infantry, and later veteranized into 
 Company F of the 7th Iowa Cavalry; served as a private; was honorably dis 
 charged in February, 1866; served with Buford s detachment and on the 
 frontier; was in the battles at Helena, Ark., Powder River Indian fight in 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 171 
 
 1865, and Julesburg on the Platte; was wounded at Helena by a musket- 
 ball in the left hip, the bone being shattered; was again wounded by a 
 pistol-ball in the right leg near the same place while foraging. The shot 
 was fired by some one concealed in a loft. Comrade Pieper is a member 
 of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 PETER LA FORGE. 
 
 Born in Richmond County, N. Y., March 24, 1840. Was a fanner 
 until the breaking out of the war; since then a machinist and engineer. 
 Enlisted, June i, 1861, in the i3th Illinois Infantry, and served as a 
 private until discharged, in June, 1864; was i n the ist Brigade, ist 
 Division, and I5th Army Corps; was present at the engagements at Chick- 
 asaw Bayou, Arkansas Post, Greenville raid, Jackson, Miss. ; sieges of 
 Fredericksburg and Jackson; Tuscumbia, Lookout Mountain, Missionary 
 Ridge, Ringold Gap, and Madison Station. The latter engagement was 
 fought by the i3th Regiment alone, being opposed by an entire rebel 
 brigade. Comrade LaForge is a member of Custer Post, No. 5, of Carson 
 City, Nev. In 1869 Mr. LaForge removed from Illinois to Missouri, and 
 in 1871 to Carson City, Nev., a high altitude being necessary to his health, 
 having contracted asthma in the service. Was one of the organizers of 
 the Carson Guard of the Nevada national guard, and was twice 2d Lieu 
 tenant of the same. Is at present a resident of Verdi, Nev. 
 
 DAVID THOMAS. 
 
 W r as born in Wales, August 15, 1841, and is by occupation a farmer. 
 He enlisted in Company C, 96th Pennsylvania Infantry, September T, 
 1861, and was subsequently transferred to the Invalid Corps; his regiment 
 belonged to the ist Brigade, ist Division, 6th Army Corps; he was in the 
 Peninsula campaign, under General McClellan, at the second Bull Run, 
 and at South Mountain, where he received a bullet wound in the right 
 foot, which laid him up for over six months, returning to duty as soon as 
 his wound permitted; he afterwards took part in the battles of Gettysburg, 
 Mine Run, and the Wilderness; he was honorably discharged, at W T ash- 
 ington, D. C., September 23, 1864. He is a member of Rawlins Post, 
 G. A. R., at Stockton, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 W. J. BROWN. 
 
 A native of New York State; is a mechanic by trade; at present a 
 resident of North Alameda, and a member of Frank Bartlett Post, No. 6, 
 with headquarters at Los Angeles, Cal.; enlisted, April, 1861, in the 28th 
 
172 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 New York Infantry; was commissioned ist lieutenant May, 1861; went 
 to the front, w r ith his regiment, in July of the same year, first passing- in 
 review before General Scott, at Washington, D. C. ; served in the ad 
 Army Corps, under Generals Patterson and Banks; was engaged in 
 numerous skirmishes, as at Falling Water, Cnrrens Town, before Win 
 chester, and during Banks retreat; resigned from the army in Jnne, 1862, 
 on account of sickness contracted in line of duty. 
 
 J. C. M. SPENCER. 
 
 Was born in Oakland County, Mich., June 27, 1840; has been a 
 lumberman and merchant. Enlisted in the spring of 1864 in the ist 
 Michigan Engineers and served as a private; was attached to the i/th 
 Army Corps, and served under General Sherman; took part in the battles 
 of Columbia, S. C., Mission Ridge, and Goldsborough, and the battles 
 and skirmishes on the march to Atlanta; was honorably discharged from 
 the service in September, 1865, at Nashville, Tenn. Had a narrow 
 escape at the battle of Mission Ridge, a ball passing so close as to burn 
 his temple. Comrade Spencer is a member of Stanton Post, No. 55, of 
 Los Angeles, Cal. , where he resides. 
 
 FREDERICK HORLACHER. 
 
 Was born in Widdenburg, Germany, June 8, 1833; is a baker; 
 enlisted in Company F, 8th California Infantry, February, 1865, and 
 being discharged November Qth, the same year, re-enlisted in Com 
 pany C of the gth U. S. Infantry; was finally discharged November 9, 
 1868; during first enlistment served at Angel Island, California; dur 
 ing second enlistment, most of the time at Fort Bidwell and in the mount 
 ains among the Piute Indians; was engaged in many Indian fights under 
 the command of General Crook. Comrade Horlacher is a member of 
 Warren Post, of Sacramento, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 NATHANIEL S. MELLUS. 
 
 A resident of Washington, Yolo County, Cal. ; was born in Damar- 
 iscotta, Me., June 28, 1841; is a painter; enlisted in December, 1861, in 
 the 1 5th New York Engineers; re-enlisted September 5, 1864, in the 
 U. S. Navy; served as a private while in the army and as a second-class 
 fireman in the navy; was attached to the Army of the Potomac, and sub 
 sequently served on board the U. S. dispatch steamer Bat, in Admiral 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 173 
 
 Porter s fleet; made seventeen trips between Fort Fisher and Washing 
 ton (passing Cape Hatteras) during one winter; was honorably discharged 
 June 21, 1865. Comrade Mellus is a member of Warren Post, G. A. R., 
 of Sacramento, Cal. 
 
 WILLIAM L. DELACEY. 
 
 Commander of Hamilton Post, No. 20, department of New York; at 
 present a successful lawyer of Poughkeepsie, N. Y. W T as born at New 
 Hope, Pa., July 10, 1845; nac ^ but ^ ew advantages during early life; is 
 a self-made and self-educated man. Enlisted, at Trenton, N. J., August 
 13, 1 86 1, in Company C, 4th New Jersey Infantry, and served as a pri 
 vate, his regiment being attached to the ist Brigade and ist Division of 
 the 6th Army Corps; participated in the following engagements: Burton s 
 Tavern, Anandale, Sangster s Station, West Point, Seven Days Fight 
 (June 25, 26, 27, 1862), Bull Run Bridge, Chantilly, Crampton s Pass, 
 Autietam, Rappahannock Station, Mine Run, and Wilderness ; was 
 wounded in left knee and taken prisoner at the seven days fight on 
 the Peninsula; was exchanged at Aiken s Landing, Va., August 12, 1862, 
 having been confined in Libby Prison and at Belle Isle, Richmond, Va. ; 
 was again wounded through right foot at the battle of the Wilderness, 
 May 5, 1864; was transferred to the noth Regiment Veteran Reserve 
 Corps; was discharged, at U. S. general hospital, at Newark, N. J. , 
 October n, 1865. 
 
 Comrade DeLacey joined Francis N. Sterling Post, No. 41, depart 
 ment of New York, in 1872; was transferred to Hamilton Post, No. 20, 
 in November, 1877, of which post he is the present commander; has been 
 four times commander, and twice adjutant of that post, once aid-de-camp 
 to commander-in-chief, twice assistant inspector of the department of New 
 York, and delegate from his department to the seventeenth and twentieth 
 national encampments; was editor and publisher of the Amenia Times for 
 four years; was admitted to the bar of the State of New York September 
 12, 1879. 
 
 W. H. ARNOLD. 
 
 Was born in New Berlin, Union County, Pa., October 8, 1840. Has 
 been a farmer, teacher, and mechanic; on the breaking out of the war 
 was attending school in Iowa. At once tendered his services and being 
 accepted, enlisted on July 18, 1861, in Company K of the 6th Iowa 
 Infantry and served as 5th sergeant, ist sergeant, and ist lieutenant; 
 was attached to the ist Brigade, 4th Division, of the 5th Army Corps; 
 
174 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Took part in seventeen battles. The principal of which were in Sher 
 man s campaign to Atlanta, and the engagements at Shiloh, Red Rock, 
 Vicksburg, Missionary Ridge, Resaca, Mission Ridge, and others; was 
 wounded through both thighs at Shiloh, and in left hand at Mission 
 Ridge. Comrade Arnold is a member of Grant Post, No. 9, at Modesto, 
 Cal., his present place of residence; was discharged from the service in 
 October, 1864; was commissioned ist lieutenant (for gallant and meritori 
 ous services at the battle of Shiloh) on the 26th of August, 1862. Was 
 leader of the forlorn hope at the battle of Newhope Church. After the 
 war was a teacher in Iowa until 1870, when he came to California, where 
 he has since resided. Is by occupation a carpenter and builder. 
 
 A. S. YORK. 
 
 Born in Henry County, Ind., February 15, 1846; has been a farmer 
 and a teacher; enlisted January 16, 1863, m Company M of the 8th 
 Indiana Cavalry, and served as a private; was attached to the 3d Cavalry 
 Division; was in the engagement at Pulaski, Term.; was with Sherman 
 in his march to the sea; was in the battle of Lovejoy in Georgia, and in 
 the battles of Louisville, Wynesboro, and Macon, Ga. , and several skir 
 mishes; also in the Carolinas, the battles at Johnson s Station, Averys- 
 boro, Smithfield, and Morrisville; was discharged August 9, 1865; is at 
 present a resident of Walla Walla, W. T. , and a member of Abraham 
 Licoln Post, No. 4, of that place. 
 
 JAMBS MAcDONALD. 
 
 Was born in Scotland, November 18, 1832; a carriage-maker by 
 trade. Enlisted in Company C, ist District of Columbia Infantry, in 
 April, 1 86 1, and served as a private until the latter part of July of the 
 same year; took part in the defense of Washington. Comrade MacDonald 
 is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 J. J. SHOEMAKER. 
 
 Was born in Whitewater County, Ind., April 7, 1830; a farmer by 
 occupation. Enlisted in the fall of 1861 in Company F of the loth Wis 
 consin Infantry, and served as a private; was in the battles of Perry ville 
 and Chickamauga and several skirmishes (at the first-named battle Mr. 
 Shoemaker s brother was killed by his side); was made a prisoner at 
 Chickamauga, and was confined (for six months before being paroled) in 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 175 
 
 Pemberton prison, at Richmond; was for five months detailed as master 
 of ward K in the Richmond Hospital; while on parole, served as nurse in 
 Benton Barracks Hospital, at St. Louis, until expiration of term of ser 
 vice, where he gained the friendship of many a sick or wounded comrade; 
 was honorably discharged in the fall of 1864. Comrade Shoemaker is a 
 member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 JAMES W. MORRISON. 
 
 Was born in Gallipolis, Ohio, October i, 1842; a miner by occu 
 pation. Enlisted on the 26th of April, 1861, in the 2d Iowa Infantry, and 
 re-enlisting in the Cavalry served as a private until the i6th of May, 
 1865, the date of honorable discharge from the service; was attached to 
 the 1 6th Army Corps; was in the battles at Fort Donelson, luka, and Nash 
 ville; was wounded in right ankle by a musket-ball at Fort Donelson, 
 which put him off duty for three months. Comrade Morrison was a mem 
 ber of Reynolds Post, No. 37, the headquarters of which were at Wil 
 mington; recently disbanded. Present residence Stockton, Cal. 
 
 JOSEPH M. OWENS. 
 
 Was born in Miflin County, Pa., January 24, 1824; nas been a car 
 penter and farmer. Enlisted in Company C, /8th Pennsylvania Infantry, 
 and served as a private; was with General Thomas at Nashville; was 
 badly hurt in the back at Nashville, and, although permanently injured, 
 continued in the performance of his duties, until discharged in 1865, 
 when the army was disbanded. Comrade Owens is a resident of Oakdale, 
 Stanislaus County, Cal., and a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of 
 Stockton, Cal. 
 
 WILLIAM E. W. ROSS. 
 
 Past Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. Born in Baltimore, Md., was a 
 civil engineer until 1863, the date of his enlistment in the loth Maryland 
 Infantry. In 1864 joined the 3ist Regiment of U. S. colored troops; 
 was lieutenant-colonel of the Maryland regiment, and lieutenant-colo 
 nel and colonel of the 3ist U. S. colored troops, being brevetted brigadier- 
 general in 1865 for gallant and meritorious services. Served in the ist 
 Division, 2d Brigade, of the 8th Army Corps, and in 2d Brigade, 4th Divi 
 sion, of the 9th Corps; was in the engagements at Petersburg, Va., July 
 30, 1864, in which he received a gunshot wound in the left thigh which 
 resulted in the loss of his les;. Comrade Ross is a member of Wilson 
 
17(> RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Post, No. i, department of Maryland, with headquarters at Baltimore. Is 
 a past department commander. After the war was president of the 
 Maryland board for awarding compensation to owners of enlisted slaves; 
 was deputy collector of internal revenue in 1866; assistant assessor internal 
 revenue 1867; chief assessor 1868 to 1872; chief clerk in naval office, 
 port of Baltimore, 1873 to 1881; assistant postmaster 1881 to 1885, and is 
 at present engaged in the practice of law in Baltimore. 
 
 JOHN HARTZOKE. 
 
 Was born in Switzerland May 5, 1843; ^ s a cigar manufacturer; came 
 to America when eleven years old. In April, 1861, enlisted in Company 
 A of the 3d Missouri Infantry (three months service); participated in the 
 battle of Wilson s Creek; re-enlisted in October, the same year, in Stuart s 
 Cavalry; but before organization was transferred, January i, 1862, to the 
 navy, and served on board the United States gunboat Pittsburg; took 
 part in the bombardment of Fort Donelson arid Island No. 10; after 
 which was discharged for physical disability; after recovery joined the 
 State militia, and served until September, 1864, the date of re-enlistment 
 in the 4oth Missouri Regiment; was engaged in the operations against 
 General Price, who was then raiding northern Missouri; after Price s 
 retreat proceeded to Nashville, and was present at the battles at Franklin 
 and Nashville, defeating the enemy; pursued and harassed him for four 
 teen da\s, enduring untold hardships and privations in the dead of 
 winter, without shoes and clothing, and obliged to live on corn for three 
 weeks; proceeded thence to Mobile, and was there at the capture of 
 Spanish Fort; was mustered out in 1865. W T ent to Colorado in 1866, and 
 took miscellaneous employment until 1870, when he went to Sail Jose, 
 Cal., and started a cigar manufactory, which has grown to be the largest 
 establishment of its kind in the county, having a liberal patronage in 
 different parts of the State. Comrade Hartzoke is a citizen much 
 esteemed for his high moral character and enterprise, and is an honored 
 member of John A. Dix Post, No. 42, where he resides. 
 
 ROBERT KING REID. 
 
 A resident of Stockton, Cal. ; was born January 20, 1820, at Erie, 
 Pa.; received a classical education, graduating as an A. B. from Jefferson 
 College, of Pennsylvania, in 1842, and received the degree of M. D. at the 
 University of Pennsylvania in 1846; was for six years the chief physician and 
 superintendent of the Stockton Insane Asylum; in 1858 visited Europe 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 177 
 
 and inspected all the great schools and hospitals of England, France, 
 Germany, and Italy; returned to America, and on the breaking out of the 
 Civil War, was commissioned surgeon of the 3d California Infantry, Sep 
 tember 10, 1861; in October, 1864, was transferred to the 2d California 
 Cavalry; was promoted to surgeon of U. S. Volunteers with rank of lieu 
 tenant-colonel, in March, 1865; served in all for five years as surgeon and 
 medical purveyor; being mustered out August i, 1866, when he retired 
 from the active practice of his profession. Comrade Reid is a member of 
 Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., of w T hich he is post surgeon; is 
 now president of the Stockton National Bank. 
 
 PETER MORRIS. 
 
 Peter Morris was born in France, August 22, 1841; in early life a 
 sailor; since the war has been a teamster at Santa Clara and Santa Cruz. 
 Left his home in France when eleven years old, and shipped on board the 
 Montabclo, a French vessel, and sailed under the French flag for several 
 years, and later on the Vanseble, an American ship. In 1864 enlisted and 
 served as a private in the yyth New York Volunteers, attached to the 3d 
 Brigade and 2d Division of the 6th Army Corps; was present and par 
 ticipated in the battles of the Wilderness, Lucky Hill, St. Johns White 
 House, and others; was wounded at the battle of the Wilderness, being 
 shot in the leg, and on the yth of March, 1865, lost right eye; was honor 
 ably discharged from the service July 16, 1865. Comrade Morris is a 
 member of Wallace Post, No. 33, with headquarters at Santa Cruz, his 
 place of residence. 
 
 WILLIAM CONDY. 
 
 Was born in Cornwall, England, May i,. 1829; a carpenter by trade; 
 at present a resident of Stockton, Cal. Enlisted in November, 1861, in 
 the 3d California Infantry, and served as a musician; was on detached 
 service on mail route through Utah, Nevada, etc.; honorably discharged 
 in spring of 1863. Is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, department of 
 California, with headquarters at his place of residence. 
 
 CYRUS H. HUBBARD. 
 
 Was born February 22, 1841, at Poland, Ohio; is by occupation a 
 merchant; enlisted in the 23d Ohio Infantry June n, 1861, and served as 
 private, 2d lieutenant, ist lieutenant, and regimental quartermaster, com 
 missions bearing date of July, 1864, and July 25th, of the same year; 
 
 M 
 
178 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 served in the ist Brigade Army of West Virginia; was under the com 
 mand of General Rosecrans at the battle of Carnifax Ferry, and shared 
 the hardships, battles, triumphs, and reverses of his regiment during the 
 four years and three months of its service; took part in General Hunter s 
 raid on Lynchburg and the retreat following; was captured near Win 
 chester and imprisoned about a month, when he escaped to the mountains 
 north of Harrisburg and rejoined his command in time to be present at 
 the battle of Opequon Creek; commanded a company at that battle, also 
 at Fisher s Hill and Cedar Creek; was detailed on staff of General 
 Devol as ordnance officer in 1864; w T as honorably discharged July 26, 
 1865, at Cumberland, Maryland. Comrade Hubbard is a member of Sum- 
 ner Post, No. 23 of Sacramento, Cal., at which place he resides. 
 
 STEVEN SCHUETZ. 
 
 Was born in Switzerland, November 4, 1837. Is a saloon-keeper. 
 Enlisted April, 1864, in Company B of the 4th Missouri Veteran Regi 
 ment, and served as a private in the Army of the Southwest; was engaged 
 in several skirmishes on the frontier; was discharged at St. Louis in the 
 fall of 1865. Comrade Schuetz is a member of Lincoln Post, No. 2, at 
 Butte, Mon., his place of residence. 
 
 MOSES A. LUCE. 
 
 Past post commander of Heintzelman Post, No. 33; a resident of San 
 Diego, Cal.; was born in Payson, 111., May 14, 1842; is a lawyer by pro 
 fession. Enlisted in Company E of the 4th Michigan Infantry May 16, 
 1861, and served as a private and sergeant with the renowned Griffins 
 Second Brigade, First Division, of the 5th Army Corps, taking part in 
 the following engagements: Bull Run, New Bridge, Hanover Court-house, 
 Mechanicsville, Games Mill, Savage Station, Turkey Bend, White Oak 
 Swamp, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, United States Ford, Chancel- 
 lorsville, Kelly s Ford, Ashby Gap, Brandy Station, Middleburg, Get 
 tysburg, Williamsport, Wapping Heights, Culpeper, Bristol Station, Rap- 
 pahannock Station, Mine Run, Wilderness, Laurel Hill, Spottsylvania, 
 North Anna, Tolopotomy Creek, Jericho Mills, Bethseda Church, Cold 
 Harbor, and Petersbiirg, a series of engagements of which he may justly 
 feel proud ; was wounded slightly at Spottsylvania while with the 
 forlorn hope in the assault of May I2th; was mustered out June 24, 
 1864, at expiration of term of service. Comrade Luce was the first com 
 mander of Heintzelman Post, No. 33, of which he is a member. After 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 179 
 
 the war Mr. Luce returned to college, which he had left at his country s 
 first call, and graduating in 1866, attended the Albany Law University, 
 where he graduated in 1867, and commenced the practice of the law at 
 Bushnell, 111., in 1868; was city attorney two terms; candidate for State 
 senator in 1872; removed to California in 1873, an d settled at San Diego; 
 was elected county judge in 1875, and served until the new constitution 
 went into effect; was one of the organizers of the California Southern 
 Railroad Company in 1880, and has been and is now a director and the 
 attorney of that company. 
 
 JAMBS B. LOVELL SUMMONS. 
 
 Was born in Cincinnati, Ohio; is by occupation a farmer and nursery 
 man. Enlisted September 9, 1862, in the i32d New York Infantry, and 
 served as sergeant, sergeant-major, and aid-de-camp; was attached to 
 the Army of the Potomac also the Army of the Ohio, with General Sher 
 man; was in the battles at Bachelor s Creek, N. C., and various other 
 engagements and skirmishes, about twenty-five in all; was wouuded in 
 right eye, had the entire eyebrow shot away while serving in New York 
 city during the riots; was discharged in June, 1865. Is a member of W. 
 R. Cornman Post, No. 57, of San Bernardino, Cal. At the battle of 
 Bachelor s Creek his regiment saved New Berne, N. C., from falling into 
 the hands of the enemy, for which, by order of President Lincoln, the 
 name of the battle was painted on the regimental colors. Comrade Sum 
 mons, at the risk of his life, saved Lieutenant A. C. Ryan, who was 
 wounded, from falling into the hands of the enemy. This was the same 
 Lieutenant Ryan who was captured and shot in Cuba some years later, 
 when he commanded the Virginius. At the age of fifteen young Sum 
 mons ran away from school to join the arm} , and enlisted under the name 
 of James B. Lovell to avoid being found and brought back by his guard 
 ian. Came to California in 1870, and was one of the first settlers at 
 Riverside. 
 
 HAMILTON FAY. 
 
 Senior vice commander of J. F. Reynolds Post, No. 98, department of 
 California; was born in Muscatiiie, la., December 3, 1841 ; is a son of Plinny 
 Fay, who was a prominent and respected citizen and druggist of that city. 
 Enlisted, September 18, 1862, in the 35th Iowa Infantry; served as pri 
 vate, corporal, and sergeant; was attached to the Seventeenth Army 
 Corps, and took part in the battles at Vicksburg, Port Hudson, Tupello, 
 Shreveport, Jackson, Nashville, Spanish Fort and Mobile, and many 
 
180 
 
 skirmishes; was slightly wounded in the side by a ball at Vicksburg, 
 while on skirmish duty; marched in different parts of Illinois, Missouri, 
 Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, Alabama, and 
 Kansas, covering in all about 3,000 miles of marching, under the 
 leadership of Generals Grant, Sherman, Thomas, Rosecrans, Banks, and 
 Canby. Comrade Fay is at present a resident of Santa Cruz, Cal., where 
 he is engaged in the drug business. 
 
 GEORGE W. LONIGAN. 
 
 Was born in Harrison County, Ind. , January 10, 1837; has been a 
 farmer and blacksmith. Enlisted in Company C of the lyth Indiana 
 Regiment, and served as a private; was attached to Thomas i4th Army 
 Corps, Reynolds division and Wilder s brigade; took part in the engage 
 ments at Greensborough, Shiloh, Corinth, Hover s Gap, Chickamauga, 
 and numerous skirmishes; was in the pursuit of Morgan at Stone River 
 and the chase of Wheeler and Forrest; was honorably discharged from the 
 service at the expiration of term of enlistment, in June, 1864. Comrade 
 Lonigan is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., where 
 he resides. 
 
 SIMON HAUSWIRTH. 
 
 Was born in Berne, Switzerland, on the i6th of December, 1844; has 
 been a miner; enlisted December 7, 1863, in Company C of the 35th 
 Wisconsin Regiment, and served as a private; was detailed as bugler; 
 was attached to the ist Brigade, 3d Division, igth Army Corps; was in 
 the battle at Spanish Fort, and took part in many skirmishes; in June, 
 1865, \vent with his regiment to Texas, on the Mexican frontier at the 
 time of the anticipated trouble with Maximilian ; was honorably discharged 
 April 15, 1866. Comrade Hauswirth is a member of Lincoln Post, No. 2, 
 of Butte, Mont. Ty., where he resides. 
 
 JESSE D. SEVERENS. 
 
 Was born in Beaver County, Pa., June 15, 1839, and is by occupa 
 tion a farmer; enlisted in Company H of the 5th Minnesota Infantry on 
 the 1 5th of January, 1862; re-enlisted in Company H, gth Regiment 
 of Hancock s ist Veteran Corps, and was finally discharged in the 
 fall of 1865; served as a private during both enlistments; was attached to 
 the 2d Brigade, 3d Division, i6th Corps, and the Eagle Brigade; was pres 
 ent at and took part in the advance on Corinth, and the battles of luka, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 181 
 
 Corinth, and at the siege of Vicksburg; was taken prisoner near Camp 
 Clear Creek, but was recaptured by the federals a few hours afterwards; 
 at the battle of Corinth was on detached guard duty, and his regiment 
 retreated without him; however, after several adventures, he succeeded in 
 rejoining his regiment during the battle of the next day. Comrade Severens 
 is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, with headquarters at Stockton, his 
 place of residence. 
 
 GEORGE COHEN. 
 
 A resident of Stockton, Cal., was born in Prussia February 18, 1841; 
 is a tailor by trade; enlisted in October, 1861, and served as a private and 
 as orderly for General Hooker; was attached to the i2th and 2Oth Army 
 Corps; was in the battles at Seven Forks, Winchester, Antietam, Freder- 
 icksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Resaca, Dalton, Missionary Ridge, 
 Loakout Mountain, and Peach Tree Creek; in the latter engagement was 
 wounded by a musket-ball in the head, and taken prisoner, after which he 
 enjoyed the hospitalities of Andersonville, Florence, Goldsborough, and 
 Milieu prisons until March i, 1865, the date of his release; was mustered 
 out June 14, 1865. Comrade Cohen is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 
 23, of Stockton, Cal. 
 
 J. K. McPHERSON: 
 
 Was born in Grant County, Wis., March 25, 1843, anc ^ nas been 
 engaged in various occupations. Enlisted in Company K of the 6th Min 
 nesota Infantry, and served as a private and corporal; was attached to the 
 1 6th Army Corps, 2d Brigade, and yl Division; has been in seventeen 
 battles with the Sioux Indians, and at Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely, 
 Ala. ; was honorably discharged August 18, 1865. Comrade McPherson 
 is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal. 
 
 CHARLES DEVENS. 
 
 Was born April 4, 1820, at Charlestown, Mass., and is by profession 
 a lawyer; has been judge of the superior court, also of the supreme court, 
 of Massachusetts, and was attorney-general of the United States from 
 March, 1877, to March, 1881 Haves administration. Enlisted April 19, 
 
 1861, in the 3d Battalion of Massachusetts Rifles, and served as major 
 until July of the same year, the date of his promotion to the colonelcy of 
 the 1 5th Massachusetts Regiment; was made a brigadier-general in April, 
 
 1862, and brevetted a major-general in April, 1865, for gallantry at the 
 taking of Richmond ; served in the 5th, 4th, loth, i8th, and 24th Army Corps; 
 
182 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 was in all of the principal battles of the Army of the Potomac, except those 
 at Gettysburg, the Wilderness, and Spottsylvania; was wounded at Ball s 
 Bluff and Fair Oaks, and again seriously at the battle of Chancellorsville; 
 was in command at Charleston, S. C., after the surrender of Richmond; 
 and was discharged from the service in July, 1866. Comrade Devens is a 
 member of G. H. Ward Post, No. 10, department of Massachusetts, with 
 headquarters at Worcester, and since the war has been commander of the 
 5th Ami}- Corps Association, the Army of the James Association, Associ 
 ation of the Army of the Potomac, and twice commander-in-chief of the 
 Grand Army of the Republic, viz., in 1873 and 1874. Such an array of 
 official positions, in both military and civil life, speak louder and more 
 forcibly as illustrative of the confidence and appreciation shown by his 
 comrades than any eulogy of a biographer. 
 
 CONSTANTINE DIAMOND. 
 
 W T as born in Trenton, N. J., December 21, 1845; a sailor by occu 
 pation. Enlisted in the United States Navy October 17, 1862, and re- 
 enlisted in August, 1864; served as landsman and ordinary seaman, his 
 vessel being attached to the West Gulf squadron during first enlistment 
 and the North Atlantic blockading squadron during the second; was 
 wounded by splinters in both legs and other parts of his body during the 
 engagement at Port Hudson ; was in the action at Donaldsonville, and took 
 part in both battles at Fort Fisher; was finally discharged in June, 1865. 
 Comrade Diamond is a resident of Stockton, Cal., the headquarters of 
 Rawlins Post, No. 23, of which he is a member. 
 
 A. J. BUCKLES. 
 
 A resident of Solano County, Cal.; was born in 1837. Enlisted 
 June 22, 1 86 1, as a private, in Company E, iQth Indiana Infantry; 
 re-enlisted in December, 1863, and served until May 15, 1865, the date 
 of muster out; was promoted to corporal in 1862; in 1863, at his own 
 request, was detailed as color-guard; was made color-bearer of his regi 
 ment on the battle-field at Gettysburg, for rescuing the flag after the 
 color-bearer had been shot down; in December, 1863, was promoted to 
 duty sergeant, but continued as color-bearer, and at the wilderness was 
 shot through the body while carrying the flag; after the consolidation of 
 the igth and 2Oth Indiana Regiments was made orderly sergeant, and on 
 February 27, 1865, was commissioned and mustered as 2d lieutenant; 
 was present and took part in the following engagements in Virginia: 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 183 
 
 Lewinsville, Leesburg, Falmoutli, Rappahannock Station, Gainesville r 
 Bull Rim (second), Fredericksburg, Fitzhugh s Crossing, Chancellorsville, 
 Mine Run, Wilderness, Petersburg, Hatcher s Run, and Gettysburg, Pa.; 
 was four times wounded first, at Bull Run, a gun-shot wound through 
 right thigh; second, at Gettysburg, shot through right shoulder; third, 
 rifle-ball through the body at the Wilderness; and fourth, shot through 
 right knee while on skirmish line at Hatcher s Run; this last wound 
 caused amputation of the leg near the body. Since the war has practiced 
 law. Came to California in 1875; was elected district attorney of Solano 
 County in September, 1879, which position he filled with marked ability; 
 was re-elected, and served for five years. In 1 884 was elected superior judge, 
 running against a very popular man, who was judge at the time. He is 
 now one of the most popular judges in his State. Comrade Buckles is a 
 member of Farragut Post, No. 4, with headquarters at Vallejo, Cal. 
 
 JOHN PETERSON DANA. 
 
 Was born in Denmark March 14, 1824; nas been a sailor and a cook. 
 Enlisted December 15, 1861, in the 5th California Infantry, and re-enlisted 
 at El Paso, Tex., February 2, 1865, in Company E, ist Colored Infantry, 
 and served as a private during both enlistments; was engaged in scouting 
 and fighting the Apache Indians; was wounded in left ankle during one 
 of these battles in New Mexico; was honorably discharged September, 
 1866. Comrade Dana is a member of Frank Bartlett Post, No. 6, at Los 
 Angeles, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 AARON PARKER. 
 
 Was born at Marlborough, N. H., August 17, 1833; is a carpenter by 
 trade. Enlisted in 1861, in the 25th Massachusetts Infantry, and served 
 as a corporal, serving in the gth Army Corps; was promoted to 2d lieu 
 tenant in August, 1863, was assigned to the 36th United States Regiment 
 of colored troops; took part in the battles at Roanoke Island, New Berne, 
 N. C., and various skirmishes; was honorably discharged April, 1864. 
 Comrade Parker is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 C. H. KEAGLE. 
 
 Was born in Pennsylvania, September 9, 1843; removed to Iowa at 
 the age of thirteen; lived on farm until enlistment in Company B, 2Oth 
 Iowa Infantry, July 14, 1862; served as a private until discharged July 8, 
 
184 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 1865; was attached to the 2d Division, I3th Army Corps, and participated 
 in the engagements at Prairie Grove, Vicksburg, Fort Morgan, Blakely, 
 and Mobile; was honorably discharged from the service July 8, 1865. In 
 1866 went to California; farmed and clerked until 1884, when he was 
 elected county treasurer and tax-collector, which position he now holds. 
 Comrade Keagle is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, 
 Cal., where he resides; is adjutant of his post and department aid-de-camp. 
 
 WILLIAM LOUDON, 
 
 Of Oakland, Cal., was born in Indiana, May 4, 1843. Enlisted in Com 
 pany C of the ad Illinois Cavalry at Havana, Ills., July 23, 1861, and 
 served as a private, was on detached service most of the time; was in the 
 engagements at Merri weathers Ferry, Tenn., and Holly Springs, Miss. ; 
 was slight!} wounded in right side in the first-named battle and received 
 a spinal injury at the latter, the result of which caused paralysis of the lower 
 limbs; was honorably discharged at Lagrange, Tenn., March 31, 1863. 
 Comrade London is a member of Custer Post, No. 6, department of Kan 
 sas, with headquarters at Leavenworth. 
 
 J. AUSTIN SPERRY. 
 
 Was born in Springfield, Illinois, November 7, 1835; a blacksmith by 
 trade. Enlisted in the summer of 1862 in Company K of the 25th 
 Michigan Infantry, and served as a sergeant, was attached to the western 
 division; was in the battle of Tebbs Bend on Green River, Tenn. ; was in 
 the hospital at Jeffersonville at the time of Morgan s raid, and although 
 not having recovered from the effects of a broken foot, he with other 
 invalids volunteered to assist in driving the raider from the State; was 
 honorably discharged on account of physical disability in June 1863. 
 Comrade Sperry is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 HENRY ARMSTRONG. 
 
 Comrade Armstrong was born in Broadalbin, Fulton County, N. Y. ; 
 a farmer by occupation; lived in Michigan from 1855 to the breaking out 
 of the war. Enlisted in the yth Michigan Infantry August 8, 1861; was 
 corporal of his company, and served in Dana s Brigade, Sedgwick s 
 Division, 2d Army Corps; was in the battles of Ball s Bluff, Yorktown, 
 Brick House Landing, Fair Oaks, Savage Station, W T hite Oak Swamp, 
 Nelson s Farm, Malvern Hill, and Antietam; was wounded in the latter 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 185 
 
 engagement; was discharged from the service at Philadelphia, February 
 6, 1863. Re-enlisted February 15, 1864, in the 22d Michigan Infantry, 
 and was with Sherman s command from Chattanooga to Jonesborough, 
 Ga. ; was mustered out at Detroit, Mich., September 6, 1865. Came to 
 California in 1873, and is at present a resident of Williams, Cal.; is a 
 member of Williamsburg Post, No. 116. 
 
 TULLY A. OGDEX. 
 
 Was born in Norway, on July 12, 1841; is a miner. Enlisted August 
 1 6, 1 86 1, in Company E, 7th Wisconsin Infantry; re-enlisted in Company 
 C of the 2d California Infantry; served as a private during both enlist-, 
 ments; was attached to what was known as the Cast Iron Brigade, and 
 took part in the battles at Gainesville, South Mountain, Antietam, Cedar 
 Mountain, White Sulphur Springs, Va., Second Bull Run, Catlett Station, 
 Chantello, Hay Market, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, etc. Comrade 
 Ogden is a member of Heintzelman Post, No. 33, of San Diego, Cal., 
 where he resides; was honorably discharged on account of disability in 
 1863, and finally after second enlistment in May, 1866. 
 
 EDWARD K. RUSSELL. 
 
 Commander of Appomattox Post, No. 50, department of California, 
 with headquarters at Oakland, Cal., of which city he is at present a resi 
 dent; a grainer by occupation. He enlisted in June, 1861, in the 2d 
 Battery of the Massachusetts Light Artillery, and served successively as 
 private, corporal, sergeant, ist sergeant, 2d lieutenant, ist lieutenant, 
 captain, and inspector of artillery; was attached to the igth Army Corps, 
 and served in the Department of the Gulf; was in the following engage 
 ments: Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Vermillion Bayou, Port Hudson, Sabine 
 Cross-roads, Pleasant Hill, Cane River, Yellow Bayou, Fort Morgan, and 
 others. Comrade Russell s promotions were gradual. He mounted step by 
 step, thus passing, by his own work, from one grade to another, as shown 
 by the dates of his commissions, as follows: 2d lieutenant, 2d Batten-, 
 Massachusetts Light Artillery, -October 22, 1862; ist lieutenant, 6th Bat 
 ten-, Massachusetts Light Artillery, October 3, 1863, and captain of the 
 same battery December 13, 1864; was detailed as assistant inspector of 
 artillery February 13, 1864, and sen-ed as such through the Red River 
 expedition, and on September i, 1864, was by special orders announced 
 as inspector of artillery in the Department of the Gulf. Served under 
 General Arnold at the siege and fall of Fort Morgan, after which, being 
 
186 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 commissioned as captain of his company, he was, at his own request, 
 relieved as inspector, and took active command, and so remained until 
 mustered out at Reedville, Mass., on the yth of August, 1865, showing a 
 service of over four years. Captain Russell received honorable mention 
 in reports, besides many complimentary testimonials from officers under 
 whom he served. Comrade Russell was married before the war; his wife 
 is at present the department president of the Woman s Relief Corps of 
 California. They have two children, a son and a daughter, and it is safe 
 to assume that they intend they shall be so reared as to fully understand 
 the meaning of fraternity, charity, and loyalty. 
 
 T. OTTO. 
 
 Was born in Naples, Ontario County, N. Y., November 20, 1845; 
 was on a farm until fifteen years of age; was twenty years a barber in 
 Prescott, A. T}-., and is now a money-lender in the same place. Enlisted 
 May 15, 1 86 1, in Battery I, 4th U. S. Artillery, and served as a private, 
 his battery being attached to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, of the I4th 
 Army Corps, known as "Pap Thomas commands," participating in the 
 engagements at Carnifex Ferry, W. Va., Rich Mountain, Perryville, Ky., 
 Chickamatiga, and others of less magnitude; was honorably discharged 
 May, 1864. Comrade Otto is a member of Barrett Post, No. 62, depart 
 ment of California, located at Prescott, A. Ty. 
 
 ELMORE C. LYON. 
 
 . A native of Illinois, born March 18, 1848; has been a farmer all his 
 life; enlisted in Company E, 2d Minnesota Cavalry, on the nth of Decem 
 ber, 1863, and served as a private under General Shelley; was engaged in 
 looking out for the Indians at Fort Ridgley, Minn., and in Dakota. Com 
 rade Lyon is a member of Heintzelman Post, No. 33, department of 
 California, with post headquarters at San Diego, his present place of resi 
 dence. Was honorably discharged on the 22d of November, 1865. 
 
 WILLIAM H. ROBERTS. 
 
 Was born near Toronto, Canada West, in 1838; has been a clerk, 
 teacher of instrumental music, and associated press reporter; enlisted in 
 Company K, 2d California Infantry, January 8, 1864, and served as pri 
 vate, corporal, sergeant, and battalion sergeant-major; is a member of 
 the above-named post, the headquarters of which are at Olympia, W. Ty., 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 187 
 
 his present place of residence; comrade Roberts came to the United 
 . States in 1862, and proceeding to Virginia City, Mon. Ty. , was one of the 
 first miners to take up a claim in that vicinity; came to California in 1863 
 and enlisted, as previously stated; was stationed at the Presidio of San 
 Francisco until August, 1865; after that at Fort Goodwin, in Arizona; 
 was a professor of music in San Francisco imtil 1871, when he proceeded 
 to and settled in Olympia, W. Ty. ; in 1880 was appointed chief clerk in 
 the customs department at Port Townseiid, from which place he returned 
 to Olympia to act as legislative correspondent for the Oregonian and asso 
 ciated press; in 1882 was appointed deputy collector of internal revenue, 
 after which, was engaged in the newspaper business; is at present deputy 
 clerk of the U. S. district court at Olympia. Comrade Roberts first joined 
 the G. A. R. under the old organization in San Francisco, 1868, and his 
 present post, G. H. Thomas No. 5, located at Olympia, in 1882; has 
 been adjutant junior past commander, and a member of the council of 
 administration of his department. While located in Arizona Mr. Roberts 
 compiled a complete (and the first known) dictionary of the Pinalero 
 Apache language, which was unfortunately lost in transit to the war 
 department. 
 
 WILLIAM C. HYDE. 
 
 This comrade was born at Milton, Carbon County, Pa., February 17, 
 1846; a blacksmith by trade; enlisted in May, 1862, in Company H, 12 5th 
 New York Infantry, and served as a private; was promoted to the grade 
 of ist lieutenant in the fall of 1864; was attached to the ist Division 
 and 2d Army Corps; took part in twenty -two engagements and skir 
 mishes; was taken prisoner at the surrender of Harper s Ferry, but was 
 exchanged about three months afterwards; was at Gettysburg and Mine 
 Run, and went from Brandy station through the Wilderness, by way 
 of Cold Harbor, to the siege of Petersburg and Burnside s mine explo 
 sion; was honorably discharged in the spring of 1865. Comrade Hyde 
 is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., his place of resi 
 dence. 
 
 H. V. HOAGLAND. 
 
 Past commander of Farragut Post, No. 25, department of Nebraska, 
 with post headquarters at Lincoln, and secretary of the Association of Illi 
 nois Soldiers and Sailors in Nebraska; a resident of Waverly, in that State; 
 was born in Somerset County, N. J. ; is a dealer in lumber. Enlisted 
 July 25, 1 86 1, in Company F, Seventh Illinois Infantry; was a non 
 commissioned officer and color-guard; served with C. F. Smith s division 
 
188 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 at Donelson and Shiloli, and the 3d Brigade, 2d Division, of the i6th 
 Army Corps at Corinth; afterward 4th Division, i5th Army Corps; his 
 regiment was mounted, and acted as advance guard of the i5th Army 
 Corps in Georgia and South Carolina campaigns (armed with Henry rifles); 
 took part in the following hard-fought battles: Fort Henry, Fort Don 
 elson, Shiloh, Corinth, Town Creek, siege of Corinth, Alatoona, Rome 
 (Ga.), Savannah, Columbia (S. C.), and Bentonville; was honorably dis 
 charged from the service July 9, 1865. 
 
 GUSTAVUS HARGESHEIMER. 
 
 Born December i, 1844, at Oldenbnrg, Germany; has been and is 
 now a pharmacist. At the age of 17, in 1861, ran away from home, and 
 enlisted June i/th in Company E of the 24th Illinois Infantry, and served 
 as private, corporal, and acting orderly sergeant until August, 1864, the 
 date of honorable discharge. Diiring this time was attached to the 3d 
 Brigade and ist Division of the i4th Army Corps, taking part in the 
 battles at Perryville, Ky. , Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, 
 Missionary Ridge, Resaca, and numerous skirmishes, escaping without a 
 scratch. Returning to Chicago, he found that his father had died, and 
 his property, which amounted to considerable, was missing. So young 
 Hargesheimer had to start in life for himself with $100 (his bounty) as 
 capital. Success has crowned his efforts. Comrade Hargesheimer is an 
 enthusiastic member of Custer Post, No. 44, department of Minnesota; 
 has been quartermaster of his post; is a resident of Rochester, Minn., the 
 headquarters of his post. 
 
 RIO D. BARBER. 
 
 Comrade Barber was born November 22, 1838; is a physician and 
 surgeon. On the breaking out of the war he left the university and 
 enlisted as a private in Company C of the 85th New York Regiment, 
 which was assigned to Palmer s Brigade, Keyes 4th Corps, Army of 
 the Potomac; was present at the siege of Yorktown, and took part in the 
 battles of Fair Oaks, White Oak Swamp Crossing, seven days fight 
 before Richmond, Kingston (N. C.), capture of Fort Wagner, and the 
 siege of Forts Suinter and Olustee; was the first to cross the Chickahominy 
 in the advance on Richmond; was in the front line, which sustained the 
 overwhelming advance of Hill and Longstreet s divisions, at Fair Oaks; 
 was in several skirmishes while out on raids. This regiment was captured 
 at Plymouth, N. C.; but, fortunately, just before the capture, Mr. Barber 
 was detailed as a clerk in the medical director s department, and thus 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 189 
 
 escaped capture and imprisonment with his comrades at Andersonville ; was 
 now assigned to Colonel Beecher s regiment (the ist United States Colored 
 Volunteers, afterward numbered the 35th United States Colored Troops), 
 where he served as hospital steward. This regiment covered itself with 
 glory in the battle of Olustee, Fla. Comrade Barber was mustered out 
 of the service, at expiration of enlistment, in September, 1864. Entered 
 the medical department of Howard University in November, 1864, and 
 graduated in March, 1865; has practiced his profession in Minnesota for 
 seventeen years. Is a member of Stoddard Post, No. 34, Department of 
 Minnesota, and is a past commander of his post, and surgeon of the post 
 for fourteen years; was medical director of his department for two terms 
 under the old organization ; has been, for six years, a trustee of the Sol 
 diers Orphans Home in his State; was, for six years, judge of probate of 
 his county; five years postmaster of his place of residence; is secretary 
 of the board of examining surgeons at Worthington, where he resides; is 
 a member and vice-president of the Minnesota Medical Society and a 
 member of the American Medical Association, having been a delegate 
 from the State society to the last meeting of the association at St. 
 Louis, Mo. 
 
 WILLIAM R. ALEXANDER. 
 
 A member of Colonel Whipple Post, No. 49, department of Califor 
 nia, the headquarters of which are at Eureka, Humboldt County, Cal. ; at 
 present a resident of Blue Lake, in the above county. Was born in 
 Enniskillen, County Fermanagh, Ireland, and is by occupation an express 
 man. Enlisted in the 39th New Jersey Volunteers, September 5, 1864, 
 and served as a private, his regiment being attached to the gth Army 
 Corps, ist Brigade, ad Division, with which he participated in the follow 
 ing battles : Hatcher s Run, Weldon Railroad, capture of Petersburg, and 
 those at the close of the Rebellion; was mustered out June 17, 1865. 
 
 B. I. MADSEN. 
 
 W T as born in Norway, August 14, 1840; has been a clerk. Enlisted 
 October i, 1861, in the i5tli Wisconsin Regiment, and served as a ser 
 geant; was attached to the 2oth Corps, ad Division and 3d Brigade; was 
 commissioned November 16, 1861, as a lieutenant in the State militia of 
 Wisconsin; was in the battles at Island No. 10, Perry ville, Lancaster, 
 Stone River, Liberty Gap, Chickamauga, and others; served through all 
 the campaigns in Tennessee, Missouri, Alabama, and Kentucky ; was taken 
 prisoner at the battle of Stone River, but was recaptured on the field ; at 
 
190 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the battle of Chickamauga was again made a prisoner, and was confined 
 two months in Libby Prison, five months in Danville, and seven months 
 in Andersonville, making in all a fourteen months visit with the Confed 
 erates; was exchanged in November, 1864, since which time comrade 
 Madsen has been a physical wreck, the result of starvation and hardships 
 imposed by his captors. Comrade Madsen is a resident of Stockton, Cal., 
 at which place he is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23. 
 
 HENRY A. CASTLE. 
 
 Past department commander of Minnesota; was born near Qnincy, 111., 
 August 22, 1841, and is by occupation a journalist. Enlisted August 18, 
 1862, in the 73d Illinois Infantry, and served until September 24, 1864, 
 the date of honorable discharge, as private, sergeant-major, and captain, 
 his commission in the i37th Illinois Infantry bearing date of May 20, 
 1864; was attached to the I4th Army Corps, Sheridan s division; was in 
 the engagements at Stone River and at Memphis; was wounded in left 
 hand at the first-mentioned battle. Is a member of Acker Post, No. 21, 
 department of Minnesota, with headquarters at St. Paul, of which place 
 he is a resident. Comrade Castle entered the Grand Army of the Republic 
 in 1866, and was commander of his post in 1870-71. and department 
 commander of Minnesota in 1872, 1873, and 1874; has held various posi 
 tions on the department and national staff; was a member of the Minnesota 
 Legislature in 1873; adjutant-general of his State in 1875-76; member 
 board of trustees of Minnesota Soldiers Orphans Home 1870 to 1878; 
 editor-in-chief of the St. Paul Daily DispatcJi 1876 to 1885, and State oil 
 inspector 1883 to 1886. 
 
 RANSFORD SMITH. 
 
 Past department commander of Utah; was born January 17, 1834, at 
 Oxford, Butler County, Ohio; is a lawyer by profession. Enlisted in the 
 35th Ohio Infantry on July 20, 1861, as a private; was promoted to ist 
 lieutenant in the following August and in June of the next year to cap 
 tain; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, of the i4th Army Corps; 
 was in the engagements at Mills Spring, acting as aid-de-camp to Colonel 
 McCook, who commanded a brigade; in skirmish at Pea Ridge, Tenn., 
 siege of Corinth, skirmish before Corinth, May 17, 1862, another one at 
 Springfield with Bragg s rear guard, battle at Perryville, skirmish at Spring 
 Hill, Tenn., with Van Dorn s Cavalry, and one at Horpith River, Tenn., 
 March 20, 1863; resigned from the army March 23, 1863. Comrade 
 Smith joined the G. A. R. at Ogden, Utah, in April, 1881; is a member 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 191 
 
 of J. A. Dix Post, No. 3. In addition to being a past department 
 commander, he has been post adjutant, past chaplain, and past commander. 
 Captain Smith is a graduate of Miomi University of Oxford, Ohio, class 
 of 1855; was admitted to the bar in 1856; was elected mayor of Hamilton, 
 Ohio, in April, 1859; was a delegate from Utah to the National Demo 
 cratic Convention at Chicago in July, 1884, and was the candidate of the 
 non-Mormons for delegate to the 49th Congress. 
 
 LEWIS DURETT. 
 
 Was bora February 3, 1833, at Keysville, N. Y. ; has been a sailor, 
 mason, hostler, and soldier, and is at present a farmer. Enlisted Septem 
 ber 13, 1862, in the 27th Michigan Infantry, Company F, as private, and 
 served as such until July 22, 1865, the date of his discharge; was attached 
 to the ist, 2d, 3d, and gth Army Corps, and was in the engagements at 
 Vicksbnrg, Jackson, Miss., Kiioxville, Term., Bine Springs, Petersburg, 
 Cold Harbor, and the Wilderness; was wounded in left hip in Tennessee, 
 and rnptered vein in left leg at Petersburg, Va. Comrade Durett joined 
 Anderson Post, No. 32, at York, Neb., and is now a member of Addison 
 Post, No. 121, of San Jacinto, Cal. ; has been assistant quartermaster of 
 his post at his place of residence. 
 
 WILLIAM TRAVIS. 
 
 W T illiam Travis at present a resident of Upper Lake, California, a 
 comrade of Gaylord Post, was born in Brooklyn, New York; a teamster 
 by occiipation ; he joined the yth California Volunteer Cavalry in 1864, 
 and performed the duty of teamster with his regiment; was in the battles 
 of Black Rock and Kings River, and was twice wounded in left leg; was 
 honorably discharged from the service in 1865. 
 
 MILAN H. SESSIONS. 
 
 Born in Randolph, Vt. , December 4, 1821; a lawyer by profession. 
 Enlisted in Company G, 2ist Wisconsin Infantry, which company he raised, 
 enlisting eighty-seven of his men in one day; was commissioned capiain of 
 his company August 26, 1862; was assigned to the 28th Brigade of the 
 1 4th Army Corps; was present and took part in the battles at Perryville 
 in October, 1862, and at Murfreesboro in December, 1863; was discharged 
 from the service March 29, 1864. Comrade Sessions is a member and is 
 the present commander of L. P. Plummer Post, No. 50, department of 
 
192 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Minnesota, with headquarters at Minneapolis. He was elected to the 
 senate in the State of Wisconsin for the years 1865-66, and to the house 
 of representatives in 1869. In April, 1871, moved to Lincoln, Neb.; in 
 1873 was speaker of the house of representatives of that State; was also 
 a member of the house in 1879 and in 1881. In 1884 moved to Minne 
 apolis, Minn.; in 1885 was a delegate from department of Minnesota to 
 the national encampment at Portland, Me. 
 
 W. S. PETERS. 
 
 Born in Pekin, Ills., April 24, 1838; has been a farmer and team 
 ster; enlisted January i, 1864, in Company F of the nth Kansas Cav 
 alry, and served as a private; was present at and took part in second 
 battle of Lexington and Independence ; served on Missouri and Kansas line 
 fighting guerrillas and Indian fighting in the Rocky Mountains; was hon 
 orably discharged Aiigust 30, 1865. Comrade Peters is a member of 
 Rawlins Post, No. 23, department of California, the headquarters of which 
 are at Stockton, his place of residence. 
 
 CHARLES ADOLPH. 
 
 Was born September 18, 1848, at Wurtemberg, Germany, and has 
 been by occupation a laborer; is at present a hotel and restaurant-keeper at 
 Nevada City, California, his place of residence; enlisted in the i7th New 
 York Infantry, July 17, 1863, and served as a private until July 18, 1865, 
 the date of his discharge; was in the ist Brigade, 2d Division and I4th 
 Army Corps and took part in several battles in the West; could not talk 
 English at that time ; was wounded slightly in the back with a piece of 
 shell during one of the battles in which his regiment was engaged. Com 
 rade Adolph is a member of Chattanooga Post, No. 115, department of 
 California, the headquarters of which are located at Nevada City, Cal. 
 
 J. NEWTON TERRILL. 
 
 Was born in Westfield, N. J. , and is by occupation a grocer. Enlisted 
 in Company K of the i4th New Jersey Volunteers, and served as sergeant; 
 was attached to the 3d Division and 3d Army Corps, and later on to the 
 3d Division of the 6th Corps; took part in thirty-two engagements and 
 skirmishes, prominent among which were the battles of the Wilderness, 
 Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, and Petersburg; was wounded in the hand at 
 Monocacy, Md. ; was mustered out July 2, 1865; Comrade Terrill is the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 193 
 
 historian of his regiment, having written and published a complete 
 account of the services, etc., of the I4th New Jersey Volunteers. Is a 
 member of Kearney Janeway Post, No. 15, department of New Jersey, 
 with headquarters at New Brunswick, his present place of residence. 
 
 EDWARD S. FREY. 
 
 At present a resident of Farmington, Cal. ; was born in Delaware 
 County, Ohio, July 22, 1843; ^ s a farmer; enlisted in Company C of the 
 1 5th Iowa Regiment in January, 1863, and served as a private; was attached 
 to the i yth Army Corps, 4th Division and 3d Brigade; took part in the 
 battles of Shiloh, siege of Corinth, luka, battle of Corinth, Holly Springs, 
 Grand Gulf, Raymond, Champion Hill, Black River Bridge, Vicksburg, 
 Kenesaw Mountain, and Atlanta; was with Sherman in his march to the 
 sea and to Washington; was mustered out in July, 1865. Comrade Frey 
 is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal. 
 
 FELIX M. WHEAT. 
 
 Born in Jefferson County, Ind., December n, 1842, occupation in 
 early life that of a farmer, having since retired from business. Enlisted 
 May 14, 1864, in the 136^1 Illinois Infantry, as private; was attached to 
 the Army of the Cumberland. Is a member of Alexander Post, No. 89, 
 department of Illinois. Was mustered out of service in December, 1864. 
 
 EDMUND C. WHITNEY. 
 
 Was born in Boston, Mass., December 29, 1835; was educated in the 
 grammar and Franklin schools of that city and the New England Normal 
 Institute then at Lancaster; declining a commission as lieutenant tendered 
 him by Governor Andrews, of Massachusetts, in September, 1862, enlisted 
 as a private in Company I, 53d Massachusetts Volunteers; on the arrival 
 of the regiment at New York an infectious disease having broken out, he 
 with others was detailed in the quartermaster s department and sent to the 
 transport Montibello; continued on this vessel for five trips from New 
 York to southern ports, with stores and troops; was then ordered to duty 
 in same department at quarantine station in the lower Mississippi, and 
 afterwards at New Orleans under General Butler, the regiment being 
 camped at Carrollton, a short distance outside the city; it belonged to the 
 3d Brigade, 3d Division, igth Army Corps. Comrade W T hitney rejoined his 
 regiment and took part with it in the Red River campaign under General 
 
 N 
 
194 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Banks, and in the battles of Brasliear City, Fort Bisland, Franklin, La., 
 Bayou Sara, Port Hudson, Baton Rouge, and Fort Butler, served as a 
 private, corporal, sergeant, sergeant-major, and was appointed lieutenant. 
 During all the battles before Port Hudson he served on the staff of General 
 J. W. Kimball, and in the memorable assaiilt upon the works June 14, 
 1863, had eight rifle-balls through his clothing and was shot in the right 
 arm. In this battle, though wounded, Lieutenant Whitney with knife- 
 blades probed for and extracted a round ball from the head of Sergeant 
 Hitchcock (General Kimball s orderly) which had entered at the right 
 eye; both remained on the field till night. His acting adjutant s report 
 of the morning showed 86 men killed or severely wounded out of 165 men 
 in eight companies of his regiment; there was but one unharmed com 
 missioned officer to lead the regiment from the field. At Fort Butler 
 Lieutenant Whitney, having been prostrated with sunstroke, was attacked 
 with malarial fever and was sent home, where he suffered six weeks of 
 dreadful sickness and afterwards a whole year of fever and ague; was dis 
 charged from the service September i, 1863, on surgeon s certificate of 
 disability; on his recovery sufficient to be able to resume work accepted a 
 call to Marlboro, Mass., to assume charge of the saving s bank and 
 organize a national bank; served as cashier and treasurer for nineteen 
 years, when he was called to Boston, where he is cashier of the Lincoln 
 National Bank; in Marlboro was senior vice-commander and commander 
 of John A. Rawlins Post, No. 43, G. A. R. , five years captain of Com 
 pany H, 6th Massachusetts National Guard, chief engineer of the fire 
 department three years, and selectman; is a member of Ben Stone, Jr., 
 Post at Dorchester, Mass. , his place of residence; is at present junior vice- 
 commander of the department of Massachusetts. 
 
 ABNER W. FLETCHER. 
 
 Was born at Dixmont, Penobscot County, Me., April 18, 1834; after 
 attending the academies at Corinna, Hartland, and Skowbegan, Me., he 
 engaged in school-teaching. In the War of the Rebellion he and three 
 brothers took an active part, having enlisted as a private in Company A, 
 26th Maine Infantry, September 10, 1862; three days later was commis 
 sioned its captain. In the battle of Irish Bend, La., April 14, 1863, in a 
 close infantry fight he led the vanguard of three companies, and, besides 
 losing one-third of his men, was himself injured by a gunshot wound in 
 his right leg. During the three days fighting on Bayou Teche, La., he 
 and twenty-one of the thirty men in his company were struck by Confed 
 erate bullets, though not all disabled. Afterwards participated in the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 195 
 
 battles of Shell Banks, Brashear City, Bayou LaFourche, Port Hudson, 
 and the Red River expedition; mustered out of service, at Bangor, Me., 
 Aiigust 17, 1863. Captain Fletcher is a lumberman, and is located at 
 Burnham, Waldo County, Me. ; has held the local offices of selectman, 
 supervisor of schools, and trial justice; is a member of Calvin F. Pilley 
 Post, No. 35, department of Maine, G. A. R., of which he is a past com 
 mander; has also served as aid-de-camp on the department staff, and was 
 a delegate to the twentieth national encampment, which met at San 
 Francisco, Cal., in August, 1886. 
 
 JOHN HENRY UBBEN. 
 
 Was born in Frieburg, in the mining district of the kingdom of Sax 
 ony, March 27, 1837; came to America in 1854, and learned the trade of 
 carpenter. Enlisted in Battery M, 2d U. S. Artillery, March 27, 1861, 
 and served as a private; the battery, as field artillery, was attached to 
 General Kilpatrick, and afterwards to Custer s Cavalry. The indorsement 
 on his certificate of discharge shows that he took part in the battles of 
 Yorktown, Williamsburg, Hanover Court-house, Seven Days Fight, 
 Malvern Hill, Second Malvern, South Mountain, Antietam, Williamsport, 
 Martinsburg, Philomont, Union, Upperville, Bailey s Cross-roads, Stone- 
 man s raid, Beverly Ford, Hanover, Pa., Hunterstown, Gettysburg, 
 Monterey, Va. , Williamsport, Boonsborough, Hagerstown, Falling Waters, 
 Battle Mountain, Maybauck Mills, Brandy Station, Buckland s Mills, and 
 Manton s Ford; was honorably discharged on March 26, 1864. Re-en 
 listed in U. S. Marine Corps, April 14, 1864, and was appointed sergeant; 
 came to California as a portion of the marine guard of the U. S. steamer 
 Vanderbilt, and at expiration of term of enlistment was discharged at 
 Mare Island navy-yard. Went to Puget Sound and engaged in the saw 
 mill business, which is his present occupation; has been justice of the 
 peace at Fort Discovery, Jefferson County, W. Ty., his place of residence, 
 and is a member of Stevens Post, No. i, G. A. R., at Seattle, W. Ty. 
 
 GEORGE M. CURRIER. 
 
 Residing at Soledad, Monterey County, Cal. ; was born at Newbury- 
 port, Mass., November 20, 1846, arrived in California in 1854; has been 
 a teamster and miner, and is at present a stock-raiser. Enlisted August 
 5, 1863, in the 6th Regiment, California Volunteer Infantry, as a private, 
 afterwards holding the positions of bugler and clerk; was on duty in the 
 Pacific Coast department, participating in two or three fights with Indians, 
 
196 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 in one of which was slightly wounded over the eye by a rifle-ball; at one 
 time rode on horseback 160 miles in thirty hours, viz: to carry the news 
 of the disaster at the time of the wreck of the steamer Brother Johnathan 
 near Camp Lincoln at Cresent City to Jacksonville, Or. Comrade Currier 
 is a member of Steadman Post, No. 76, at Salinas; he was mustered out 
 of the service December 15, 1865. 
 
 J. W. STEPHENS. 
 
 Comrade Stephens resides at San Bernardino, Cal. He was born 
 February 29, 1832, in Calais, Me. He has been a carpenter, sawyer, and 
 merchant, and is at present a farmer. Enlisted August 20, 1862, in Com 
 pany A of the gth Kansas Cavalry, as a private; was attached to the 3d 
 Brigade of the yth Army Corps. Was in the engagements at Newto- 
 nia, Mo. ; Prairie Grove, Ark. ; Van Buren, Dripping Springs, Ark. ; Bull 
 Bayou, Ark. , etc. ; was employed on escort duty after the battle of New- 
 tonia; was taken prisoner by guerrillas, and imprisoned in Fort Scott for 
 two weeks before being paroled; was engaged in various skirmishes dur 
 ing the chase of Price and other Confederate raiders; was honorably 
 discharged June 24, 1865. 
 
 B. J. RHODES. 
 
 Was born in Oneida County, N. Y. , February 10, 1845; a druggist 
 by occupation. Enlisted in Company C, 8th California Infantry, and 
 served as corporal and assistant hospital steward until mustered out at the 
 close of the war; was stationed at the Presidio hospital, being on detached 
 service. Comrade Rhodes is a resident of Stockton, Cal., and a member 
 of Rawlins Post, No. 23, the headquarters of which are at that place. 
 
 GEORGE HOOKER TREADWELL. 
 
 Was born in the city of Albany, N. Y. , May 10, 1837, and is exten 
 sively engaged in the furrier business. Enlisted in the ii3th New York 
 State Volunteers (changed to the 7th New York Volunteer Artillery in 
 December, 1862) August 2, 1862, and on the same day was appointed 
 sergeant-major; promoted to 2d lieutenant November i, 1862, ist lieu 
 tenant August 10, 1863, captain February 15, 1864, and brevetted major 
 United States Volunteers for gallant conduct and meritorious service 
 during the war; served as aid-de-camp on the staff of Colonel Morris, 
 commander of the 2d Brigade, Haskin s division, 22d Army Corps, in the 
 defenses of Washington city, from November i, 1862, to August, 1863, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 197 
 
 and as assistant adjutant-general from that time until March, 1864, when 
 he was assigned to command of Battery M, yth New York Artillery; 
 detailed as inspector of the 4th Brigade, ist Division, ad Army Corps, 
 June 4, 1864, and served as such until August following, when he was 
 compelled to go on sick leave; on return to duty was assigned to the 8th 
 Ann\- Corps; detailed as assistant provost-marshal, and subsequently as 
 adjutant at Camp Parole, Annapolis, Md., until honorably discharged, 
 January 3, 1865; participated in the battles of River Po, Bowling Green, 
 North Anna, Tolopatamoy Creek, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, and other 
 engagements; was appointed captain and quartermaster gth Brigade, 
 3d Division, National Guard, State of New York, May 9, 1867, major 
 and inspector of the same brigade June 10, following, and served until 
 November, 1871; was elected lieutenant-colonel of the loth Regiment of 
 the New York National Guard, October 23, 1873, but declined. Is a 
 member of Lewis O. Morris Post, G. A. R., at Albany, N. Y., his place 
 of residence; was elected its first commander; served two terms, and 
 resigned September 19, 1871; in 1878 was re-elected post commander, 
 and has been complimented in like manner every year since; has been 
 assistant quartermaster-general, department of New York, G. A. R., 
 junior vice-department commander and aid-de-camp on the national com- 
 mander-in-chief s staff. 
 
 AURELIUS S. YOORHIS. 
 
 Is a native of Cincinnati, Ohio, where he was born December 3, 1841, 
 but removed to a farm in Cass County, Ind. , where he attended a country 
 school; worked on a farm until the fall of 1860, when he became clerk in 
 a store at Ainsworth, la.; returning to Logansport, Ind., he enlisted in 
 Company B, 46th Indiana Infantry, October 2, 1861. During the winter 
 of 1861 and the early part of 1862 the regiment was stationed at Camp 
 Wickliffe, Ky. Here many of its members contracted diseases from over 
 work and exposure. When the regiment was ordered to Fort Donelson, 
 young Voorhis was among the number unfit for duty, and was sent to the 
 hospital at Louisville, Ky. In April, 1862, he rejoined his regiment at Fort 
 Pillow where it was supporting the gunboats. As it was the only regiment 
 stationed at that point it had arduous duty to perform and did gallant ser 
 vice. Afterwards it was at Memphis, at St. Charles, Ark. , on the White 
 River, where his company and another deployed as skirmishers drove 
 out a force exceeding their own number and captured a battery of field- 
 pieces and two siege-guns. It took part in many important expeditions 
 and in the operations of Grant s army before, during the siege, and 
 after the capture of Vicksburg. Voorhis was on the gunboat Benton and 
 
198 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 was one of the first to land below Vicksburg; afterward served at New 
 Orleans and in Banks Red River expedition. At Sabine Cross-roads 
 the regiment lost over half its number. The regiment being ordered to 
 Kentucky, after re -enlistment as veteran volunteers, Voorhis was detailed 
 as chief clerk in the post adjutant s office at Lexington, where he remained 
 until mustered out September 4, 1865. He was wounded in the right 
 hand in action at the mouth of Yazoo Pass, on Cold Water River, Miss., 
 February 22, 1863. Engaged in mercantile pursuits until 1873, when he 
 read law and was admitted to the bar at Russell, Kan., October 16, 1876; 
 has held the offices of county treasurer, probate judge, and many minor 
 positions; is now engaged in the law and collection, real estate, loan and 
 insurance business at Russell. 
 
 Comrade Voorhis is a member of Larrabee Post, No. 164, G. A. R., 
 and has served in it as sergeant-major, senior vice-commander, commander 
 and delegate to the department encampments of 1884 and 1886; was also 
 elected one of the delegates from Kansas to the 2oth national encamp 
 ment held at San Francisco, Cal. , in August, 1886. 
 
 CHARLES BRADBURY KIMBALL. 
 
 Was born in Howland, Penobscot County, Me., March 31, 1831; has 
 been a lumberman, merchant, carpenter, contractor and builder, which 
 last mentioned is his present occupation. At the outbreak of the war was 
 engaged in lumbering in Northern Wisconsin; arranged his business as 
 quickly as possible and enlisted at La Crosse, June 6, 1861, in the ist 
 Wisconsin Battery; on election of non-commissioned officers, was unani 
 mously elected orderly sergeant, in which capacity he served until October 
 14, 1 86 1, when he was commissioned 2d lieutenant, at which time the 
 battery was rrmstered into the United States service; took part in the cap 
 ture of Cumberland Gap, under General G. W. Morgan, and was by him 
 appointed post adjutant of artillery ; was in the battles of Cracker s Neck, Ky. , 
 Charleston, W. Va., Grand Gulf, Port Gibson, Champion Hills, Raymond, 
 Big Black River Bridge, siege of Vicksburg, and other engagements. By 
 a railroad accident near Madison, Wis. to which place he had returned 
 on a twenty days leave, to obtain sufficient recruits to fill up the battery 
 in December, 1862, his right ankle was crushed, the injury being so 
 severe at to make him a cripple for life; obtained an extension of leave 
 for a month on surgeon s certificate, at the end of which time he rejoined 
 his battery in Louisiana, on crutches, and at the end of another month 
 being able to resume his duty, having in the meantime been promoted to 
 ist lieutenant, was attached to the division of General Osterhaus, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 199 
 
 Army Corps, commanded by General McClernand, the captain being chief 
 of artillery for the i3th Army Corps. Comrade Kimball commanded the 
 battery in the fights at Grand Gulf, Port Gibson, Baker s Creek, Rocky 
 Springs, Bayou Pierre, Raymond, and at Big Black River Bridge. At 
 the commencement of the siege of Vicksbnrg was appointed ordnance 
 officer of General Osterhans division, and shortly afterwards ordnance 
 officer of the i3th Army Corps on the staff of General McClernand; was 
 tendered a commission of colonel of a regiment of Mississippi volunteers, 
 but, on account of his crippled condition and failing health, declined the 
 appointment, and for the same reasons tendered his resignation August 
 14, 1863, which was accepted by General Grant. At the conclusion of 
 his army service, engaged in mercantile business at La Crosse, Wis., until 
 1866, then removed to Racine, Wis., where he was a contractor and 
 builder until 1872, when he came to California; is a member of Lyon 
 Post, G. A. R., at Oakland, Cal., which is his place of residence. 
 
 ANDREW K. MAGUIRE. 
 
 Was born in Windsor, Kennebec County, Me., August 23, 1843, 
 is an operative. Served for a time in the ist Maine Cavalry, and after 
 expiration of term in that regiment enlisted in Company D, 2ist Maine 
 Infantry; belonged to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, igth Army Corps, 
 Department of the Gulf; was at the siege of Port Hudson and in other 
 engagements; is a member of Kilpatrick Post, G. A. R., at St. Helena, 
 Napa County, Cal., of which place he is a resident. 
 
 ISRAEL W. STONE. 
 
 Was born in Aroostook County, Me., May 25, 1839, and at the out 
 break of the Civil War was mining in Colorado. Went to Illinois and 
 enlisted in Company M, ist Illinois Artillery; took part in several engage 
 ments, and at Chickamauga was so badly wounded as to lose his left leg 
 some two inches below the knee. In consequence of this disability was 
 discharged the service December 20, 1864. Had three brothers in the 
 army, one in the i8th Wisconsin Infantry, and two in Company E, 4th 
 Wisconsin Cavalry; the first was killed in the battle of Pittsburg Landing, 
 and is buried at that place, and another brother lies at Baton Rouge, 
 La., under a monument raised by Company E, 4th Wisconsin Cavalry. 
 The father lost his life from disease contracted while conveying the sub 
 ject of this sketch home from the battle-field. Since the war comrade 
 Stone has been mayor of North Lawrence, Kas., and is a city councilman 
 
200 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 of Lawrence; is chief clerk in the auditor s office of the Southern Kansas 
 Railway Company, at Lawrence, Kas. , a member of Washington Post, 
 No. 12, G. A. R., at Lawrence, and has held the offices of sergeant-major, 
 quartermaster, junior and senior vice-commander, and is at present post 
 commander; was elected an alternate delegate from Kansas to the national 
 encampment held at San Francisco, Cal., in August, 1886. 
 
 ANDREW JACKSON HUME. 
 
 Is a native of Ohio, in which State he was born October 4, 1846, and 
 is by occupation a laborer. Enlisted in Company K, 43d Ohio Volunteers, 
 in 1861, and at expiration of three years term of service re-enlisted as a 
 veteran in the same regiment; served as a private; belonged to the jth 
 Army Corps; was in the battles of Corinth, Kenesaw Mountain, and 
 Atlanta; with Sherman in his inarch to the sea and through the Carolinas; 
 honorably discharged from service in 1865, at Washington city, by reason 
 of termination of the w r ar; came to California in 1871, and is a member 
 of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 FRANKLIN G. FRARY. 
 
 Was born in Orleans County, N. Y. , February 9, 1828; has been a 
 woolen manufacturer; is at present probate judge of Columbia County, 
 W. Ty. ; enlisted in io2d Ohio Volunteers August 14, 1862, and served 
 as a private; belonged to the 3d Brigade, 4th Division, 2oth Army Corps; 
 took part in the battles of Franklin, Nashville, Tenn. , and other engage 
 ments; was mustered out of service at Columbus, Ohio, July 4, 1865; is a 
 member of Alfred Sully Post, G. A. R., at Dayton, Columbia County, 
 W. Ty. , where he resides, and is quartermaster of his post. 
 
 ALBERT HANLEY DUDLEY. 
 
 Was born in Boston, Mass., August, 1843, nas been a clerk, photo 
 grapher, jeweler, and dentist, the latter being his present occupation. 
 Originally enlisted as private in 33d Massachusetts Volunteers, but was 
 refused muster on account of youth, but remained with the regiment 
 voluntarily a year doing duty as company clerk; sent home sick, and upon 
 getting well re-enlisted as private in the 58th Massachusetts Volunteers 
 in June, 1862; has served as private, corporal, sergeant, sergeant-major, 
 2d lieutenant, ist lieutenant, acting adjutant and was brevetted captain 
 United States Volunteers for gallant and meritorious conduct before 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 201 
 
 Petersburg; his commissions dated ad lieutenant, May 4, 1864, ist lieu 
 tenant, June 4, 1864, and brevet captain, April 2, 1865; served in the gth 
 and nth Army Corps, and participated in all the battles in which those 
 corps engaged during the time he was attached to them; taken prisoner 
 in the attack on Fort Mahone, Petersburg, April 2, 1865, confined in 
 Petersburg prison only one day; then on the retreat of the Confederate 
 forces after the evacuation of Petersburg, made his escape while on 
 march by killing a guard, and taking his carbine and fleeing into the woods; 
 succeeded in escaping by the assistance of a colored man and a northern 
 Unionist who secreted him, finally getting back into the Union lines, 
 rejoining his regiment at Burkeville, Va., before the surrender of Lee at 
 Appomattox; honorably discharged at Readville, Mass., July 14, 1865. 
 He was educated in the public high school and academy at Northfield, 
 N. H. , also at that of Wilbraham, Mass. , Harvard Medical College, Bos 
 ton Dental College, and Boston University; was a member of International 
 Medical Congress at London, Eng. , in 1881, member of Executive 
 Council, International Medical Congress at Washington, D. C. , in 1881, 
 and is secretary of Board of Examiners of Boston Dental College. Com 
 rade Dudley is a member of Phil. H. Sheridan Post, G. A. R., at Salem, 
 Mass., his place of residence; has been officer of the guard of his post, 
 delegate to the department convention, and was a delegate to the 2oth 
 national encampment which met in San Francisco in August, 1886. 
 
 GEORGE N. BRIGGS. 
 
 Was born in Woonsocket, Providence County, R. I. ; has been an 
 engineer, his present occupation is that of farmer. Enlisted in the nth 
 Rhode Island Volunteers, September 22, 1862, and served as a private; 
 belonged to the Army of the Potomac, and for a time served with the 
 forces in the defenses of Washington city; was in the battles of Black- 
 water, Nansemond River, N. C. , and a number of other engagements; 
 mustered out of service at Providence, R. L, July 13, 1865; is a member 
 of John F. Godfrey Post, G. A. R. at Pasadena, Los Angeles County, 
 Cal., his place of residence, and is officer of the guard of his post. 
 
 JACOB M. HUNTER. 
 
 Was born in Ulster, Bradford County, Pa., November 27, 1847; has 
 been a teacher; his present occupation is that of manufacturer; enlisted in 
 the 5oth New York Volunteers, Engineer Regiment, February 3, 1864, 
 and served as a private; belonged to the 5th Army Corps, Army of the 
 
202 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Potomac; was engaged in the battles of South Side Railroad, Wilderness, 
 Spottsylvania Court-house, Cold Harbor, North Anna River, and Peters 
 burg; mustered out of service in June, 1865; is a member of Geo. H. 
 Thomas Post, G. A. R. , at Cincinnati, Ohio, his place of residence; has 
 been officer of the guard, junior vice-commander, post commander, senior 
 aid-de-camp department staff, a delegate to the 2oth national encampment 
 held in San Francisco, Cal., in August, 1886, and is now inspector-general 
 of the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 
 DAVID B. NELSON. 
 
 Is a native of New Hampshire, in which State he was born June 7, 
 1823; studied medicine and surgery at Harvard Medical College, gradu 
 ating in 1849. At the first call for troops to suppress the Rebellion was 
 engaged in the practice of his profession ; enlisted and was mustered into 
 service October 9, 1861, as captain of Troop K, ist New Hampshire Cav 
 alry, afterwards consolidated with the ist Rhode Island Cavalry; was 
 promoted to the rank of major December 3, 1861, and resigned June 3, 
 1862, on account of physical disability arising from malarial poisoning. 
 Is at present a medical practitioner at Laconia, N. H.; is a member of J. 
 L. Perley Post, No. 37, department of New Hampshire, and has held the 
 positions of medical director, aid-de-camp on the staff of the commander- 
 in-chief, post commander, and delegate; was elected an alternate delegate 
 to the twentieth national encampment, held in San Francisco, Cal., in 
 1886. Doctor Nelson has been prominently connected with educational 
 interests in Laconia, and is now a member of the Board of Education, 
 and secretary of the United States Board of Examining Surgeons for 
 Pensions, besides holding other local offices. 
 
 WILLIAM STARKE ROSECRANS. 
 
 Was born in Kingston Township, Ross County, Ohio, September 6, 
 1819. His occupations in life have been those of military, civil, and 
 mining engineer; has served two full terms in Congress as representative 
 from the San Francisco district of California, and is at present Register 
 of the United States Treasury, and resides in Washington city, D. C. 
 Entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, N. Y. , as a 
 cadet from Ohio, in 1838, graduating in 1842, and assigned on July ist of 
 that year to the Corps of Engineers as brevet 2d lieutenant; was promoted 
 to 2d lieutenant April 3, 1843; Ist lieutenant March 3, 1853; resigned 
 April i, 1854, and engaged in civil pursuits until the outbreak of the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 203 
 
 War of the Rebellion; commissioned chief of engineers of the State of 
 Ohio, with the rank of colonel, in 1861, and colonel 23d Ohio Volunteers; 
 appointed brigadier-general, United States Army, May 10, 1861, and 
 brevetted major-general, United States Army, March 13, 1865, "f r 
 gallant and distinguished services at the battle of Stone River, Term. ;" 
 major-general of volunteers August 16, 1862, his commission being sub 
 sequently antedated to March 19, 1862; brevetted major-general, U. S. 
 Army, 1867. Was engaged in the battles of Rich Mountain and Carnifex 
 Ferry, in West Virginia; affair 2yth May, 1862, on the Confederate left in 
 front of Corinth; battles of luka, Corinth, Stone River, and Chickamauga; 
 pursuit and expulsion from Missouri of the Confederate forces under Price, 
 in October, 1864. Was mustered out as major-general of volunteers 
 January 15, 1866; resigned commission as brigadier-general United States 
 Army March 28, 1867. General Rosecrans is a member of George H. 
 Thomas Post, G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 AUSTIN SPRAGUE CUSHMAN. 
 
 Was born at Duxbury, Mass., September 9, 1827. When Governor 
 Andrew issued his order to the militia to ascertain how many men could 
 be relied upon in case President Lincoln called for troops, Lieutenant 
 Cushman was in command of his company, and he announced himself 
 ready for service. His example was followed by every member of the 
 company present. About 9 o clock p. M. , on Sunday, April 14, 1861, he 
 received notice of the President s call, and the next morning left with his 
 company for Boston. On the i7th he was made adjutant of the regiment. 
 Arriving at Fortress Monroe the regiment was placed on the Pazi nec and 
 sent to destroy the Gosport Navy Yard. Subsequently at Hampton Cush 
 man devised and operated a system of night signals. After Pope s defeat 
 in 1862 he enlisted a company, became its captain, and was assigned to 
 the 47th Massachusetts Infantry, of which he became the major. Major 
 Cushman was assigned to duty on the U. S. Sequestration Commission. 
 Since his muster out in September, 1863, he has been a lawyer, and is 
 now located in New York. He entered the Grand Army of the Republic 
 September 25, 1866, and his rapid recruiting caused him to be appointed 
 by the Commander-in- Chief, provisional commander. At the formation of 
 the department of Massachusetts he was unanimously elected, department 
 commander. Among his early orders are to be found the recommenda 
 tion of many measures which have materially contributed to the growth 
 of the order and its efficiency in his department; especially the prohibi 
 tion of politics; the localizing of recruiting; relief measures: and the 
 
204 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 adoption of a uniform. The ritual prepared by Col. F. W. Higginson and 
 Major Cushman was adopted by the national encampment at Philadelphia 
 in 1868. He also organized the first post in the department of New Hamp 
 shire. 
 
 Maj. Cushman graduated at Brown University in 1848; was appointed 
 clerk in the pension office at Washington ; read law with the late Peleg 
 Sprague, U. S. Senator and U. S. District Judge; was a private secretary 
 to President Fillmore; was appointed lieutenant in U. S. Revenue Marine; 
 U. S. Commissioner; Register of Probate and Insolvency; U. S. Register 
 in Bankruptcy. After the war he resided for several years in Switzerland, 
 and returned in 1880 to this country, where he resumed his profession. He 
 is now engaged in practice as a patent lawyer. Wherever he may be he 
 is known in Grand Army circles as an indefatigable and zealous missionary 
 for the organization. 
 
 WILLIAM F. HUTCHINSON. 
 
 Was born in Oswego, N. Y. , October 28, 1840; his father was a 
 clergyman and lived in various places as such; from private schools entered 
 Philadelphia high school in 1851, and was graduated in 1855; entered 
 medical college and thence to Germany and France, pursuing his profes 
 sional studies, returning in 1859. When the Civil War broke out Dr. 
 Hutchinson was practicing medicine in Lake City, Fla. , and with many 
 other northern residents was transferred to Charleston, S. C. , escaping 
 thence after the fall of Sumter he came north and entered at once into 
 service as inspector of recruits upon Governor Morgan s staff at Albany, 
 N. Y. , commissioned captain and assistant surgeon 22d N. Y. Volunteers, 
 May 16, 1861, surgeon same regiment in November, 1861; was surgeon 
 in charge general hospital, Falls Church, Va. , provost marshal, Fairfax 
 County, Va. , brigade surgeon, Army of the Potomac, and medical director 
 field hospital at Antietain; appointed assistant surgeon U. S. Navy, April 
 3, 1863, passed assistant surgeon October 4, 1864, and honorably dis 
 charged July 3, 1869; was i n every battle of the Army of the Potomac in 
 1861 and 1862; in the navy with Farragut at Vicksburg, Port Hudson, 
 and Mobile Bay; during his service in army and navy was wounded three 
 times in chest at Antietain, in head at second Bull Run, and in right leg 
 at Mobile Bay; while acting as surgeon of field hospital was captured at 
 second Bull Run by the confederate cavalry, General Stuart, and while in 
 confinement overheard the plan for Lee s first invasion of Maryland, which 
 information, with a stand of colors which he recaptured, was delivered to 
 the Secretary of War after his escape. While in the navy he served dur 
 ing the war upon the U. S. ship Vincennes, the gunboat Genesec, the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 205 
 
 sloop of war Lackaivanna, the captured rebel ram Tennessee, the steam 
 sloop Ossipee and several gunboats, and, after peace was declared, upon the 
 frigate Potomac, storeship OnzL ard, and the steamer Frolic, tender to 
 Farragut s European squadron. Dr. Hutchinson is a member of Arnold 
 Post, No. 4, G. A. R., at Providence, R. I., his place of residence. Has 
 commanded three posts of the Grand Army, been medical director and 
 assistant quartermaster-general of department; is a member of a number 
 of scientific and literary societies and of the editorial staff of the Provi 
 dence daily Star, 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON DALRYMPLE. 
 
 Was born in Allegheny County, Pa., March 29, 1842; has been a 
 farmer and car repairer; his present occupation is that of carpenter. 
 Enlisted in Company K, 96th Illinois Volunteers, and served as a private; 
 his regiment formed a portion of the 4th Army Corps in the Army of 
 the Cumberland; \vas engaged in the battles of Walnut Hill, Danville, 
 Ky., Triune, Tenn., Franklin, Murfreesboro, Chattanooga, and Nashville; 
 mustered out December 24, 1864; is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 35, 
 G. A. R., at Beatrice, Gage County, Neb., where he resides; has been 
 quartermaster and senior vice-commander of post. 
 
 CHARLES S. WARREN. 
 
 Was born in the town of Utica, LaSalle County, Ills., November 20, 
 1847. His family settled near Cold Spring, Putnam County, N. Y. , about 
 1755. General G. K. Warren, the well-known commander of the 5th 
 Army Corps, was a second cousin of comrade Warren. His father settled 
 near Peru, Ills. , and he was raised in Lee, DeKalb, and LaSalle Counties. 
 After receiving a common school education he went to Colorado in 1862, 
 and lived at Tarryall Mines, in the South Park; returned to Illinois in 
 May, 1864, and enlisted as a private in Company A, i32d Illinois Volun 
 teers; was finally discharged at Savannah, Ga., January 20, 1866, as ist 
 sergeant of Company C, i47th Illinois Volunteers. In April following 
 started for Montana, driving an ox-team to Virginia City, where he 
 arrived August 20, 1866; taught the first school in Deer Lodge County 
 during the winter of 1866-67, an( ^ followed placer mining for five years; 
 in 1871 was appointed deputy sheriff of Deer Lodge County, and served 
 as such until 1873, when he was elected sheriff. Upon the expiration of 
 his term of office removed to Butte City, where he has since lived; was 
 the first police magistrate of Butte City, and has been deputy assessor of 
 
206 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Silver Bow County for three years; for the past four years has been clerk 
 of the second judicial district court of Montana; is a member of the 
 insurance firm of Mantle & Warren, and is largely interested in Montana 
 mines and real estate. In the first Nez Perce Indian war of 1877 he was 
 ist lieutenant of Company A, ist Battalion, Montana Volunteers, and was 
 adjutant of Major W. A. Clarke s battalion. Comrade Warren served on 
 the staff of Governor J. Schuyler Crosby as commissar} of musters, with 
 the rank of major, and is now commissary-general on the staff of Gov 
 ernor Samuel T. Hauser, with the rank of brigadier-general; is a charter 
 member of Lincoln Post, No. 2, department of Montana, G. A. R. , and 
 has served as adjutant and post commander; is at present department 
 commander. 
 
 JOSEPH W. O NEALL. 
 
 Was born in Warren County, Ohio, April 6, 1846; attended the 
 country school in winter and worked on his father s farm in summer; 
 enlisted in the latter part of the summer of 1861 in Co. H, 54th Ohio Volun 
 teers; took part in the battle of Shiloh, but was discharged after the battle 
 on account of youth; re-enlisted in Co. A, 35th Ohio Volunteers, August 
 12, 1862, and joined his regiment at Decherd, Tenn. ; participated in 
 the battles at Shepherdsville, Harrodsburgh, Perry ville, Triune, Franklin, 
 Harpeth, Tullahoma, and Chickamauga, in which last-named engagment 
 he was three times wounded; left on the battle-field unconscious and was 
 captured; was taken to Atlanta, Ga. , and thence to Richmond, Va. , where 
 for forty-five days he was confined in Castle Pemberton; made a number of 
 attempts to escape, but was imsuccessful ; was then removed to Danville, 
 Va., afterwards transferred to other prisons and finally to Andersonville; 
 here he was confined for months, and from thence sent to Florence, S. C. , 
 from which place he made his escape December 14, 1864, and succeeded 
 in reaching the Union lines near Savannah, Ga. ; was sent on a Govern 
 ment vessel to Annapolis, Md. , where he obtained a furlough and returned 
 home, much to the astonishment and joy of his friends, who had long 
 since supposed him dead, and who could scarcely recognize in the wasted 
 and emaciated figure before them the healthy farm boy who had left them 
 thirty months before. At Andersonville he contracted scurvy from which 
 he still suffers. While a prisoner he was engaged in digging eight tunnels, 
 three times succeeded in making his escape, at one time being within four 
 miles of the Union lines, but was twice recaptured and taken back a 
 prisoner. When captured he weighed 155 pounds, on his return home 
 weighed but eighty-four pounds. While he was yet a prisoner his regiment 
 was mustered out in August, 1864, by expiration of term of service. After 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 207 
 
 the war, finding himself disabled by prison life, he entered school and by 
 diligent study soon succeeded in obtaining a teacher s certificate, and was 
 for seven years a teacher in the common schools. In 1876, having studied 
 law, was duly admitted to the bar, and in 1877 was elected Probate Judge 
 of Warren County, to which position he was three times elected. In 1885 
 he resigned and was nominated for Common Pleas Judge of the 2d Judicial 
 District of Ohio, and was elected by a large majority and re-elected for a 
 second term by an overwhelming majority. 
 
 Comrade O Neill joined the G. A. R. in 1867, and was mustered in 
 the Geo. H. Thomas Post, of Cincinnati, but shortly after withdrew and 
 organized Granville Thurston Post, No. 213, at Lebanon, Ohio, of which 
 he was the first commander; served as aid-de-camp on the staff of Depart 
 ment Commander H. P. Lloyd, and was a delegate to the nineteenth 
 national encampment which met at Portland, Me., in June, 1885, and at 
 which he was elected a member of the national council of administration ; 
 also attended the twentieth national encampment which met in San Fran 
 cisco in August, 1886; served three terms as president of the Ohio Asso 
 ciation Ex-prisoners of War; resides in Lebanon, Warren County, Ohio. 
 
 FRANK MARSHALL EDDY. 
 
 Was born in Shawneetown, Ills., October 25, 1842; has been a gro 
 cery clerk and farmer; is at present a postal clerk in the railway mail 
 service, which position he has held for the past twelve years. Enlisted 
 in Company D, i2oth Illinois Volunteers, August n, 1862; served as a 
 private, sergeant, sergeant-major, and quartermaster-sergeant; belonged 
 to the 2d Brigade, 3d Division, i6th Army Corps; took part in the battles 
 of Greenville, Miss.; Marion, Ark.; Guntown, Miss.; Eastport, Tenn.; 
 Ripley, Miss., and Vicksburg; was honorably discharged from the service 
 at Memphis, Tenn., September 29, 1865. Is a member of M. K. Lawler 
 Post, G. A. R., at Shawneetown, Ills., his place of residence, and has held 
 the position of post quartermaster. 
 
 H. HARGRAVE. 
 
 Was born in Philadelphia, Pa., December 25, 1837, and is a mar 
 ble cutter. Under the first call by President Lincoln for volunteers to 
 serve three months, enlisted in Durell s Battery, Pennsylvania Volunteers, 
 April 17, 1861, and re-enlisted in Independent Battery D, Pennsylvania 
 Volunteers, September 24, 1861, to serve three years; was attached to 2d 
 Brigade, 2d Division, gth Army Corps; served as a private, No. i on gun; 
 
208 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 participated in the battles of Second Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Chan- 
 cellorsville, Bristow Station, Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court-house, Cold 
 Harbor, Sulphur Springs, Kelly s Ford, Petersburg, Strawberry Plain, 
 Deep Bottom, and other engagements; mustered out at expiration of term 
 of service; is a member of Fraley Post, No. 108, G. A. R., at Elderton, 
 Armstrong County, Pa. , his place of residence, and is post commander. 
 
 JOHN AUGUSTINE IVORY. 
 
 Was born in Loretto, Cambria County, Pa., September 2, 1843, an< ^ i s 
 by occupation a clerk. Enlisted in Company H, ist Nebraska Volunteer 
 Infantry, July 3, 1861, and assigned to duty in regimental adjutant s office. 
 Took part in the battle of Fort Donelson; assigned to duty as clerk at 
 headquarters 3d Brigade, General Lewis Wallace s division; was at the 
 battle of Shiloh and in the Vicksburg campaign; served as clerk to Brig 
 adier-General John W. Thayer, commanding 3d Brigade, 3d Division, 151!! 
 Army Corps; was engaged in the battles of Chickasaw Bluffs, Arkansas 
 Post, besides those at Vicksburg; ordered to join his regiment then in 
 Missouri; on reaching St. Louis was detailed as clerk in inspector-general s 
 office, department of Missouri, where he remained until expiration of 
 term of service; was then appointed a citizen clerk in the inspector-gen 
 eral s office, and on recommendation of officers of department headquar 
 ters was commissioned 2d lieutenant Company F, i3th Missouri Cavalry, 
 September 13, 1864; was appointed regimental commissary, and during 
 Colonel Catherwood s the colonel of the regiment command of brigade 
 acted as brigade commissary. On return of troops from pursuit of the rebel 
 General Price in his raid through Missouri in 1864, Lieutenant Ivory was 
 assigned to duty as ordnance officer of the district in which he was sta 
 tioned. Accompanied the surveying expedition to Denver, Col. Acted 
 as post quartermaster and commissary at Monument, Kas. Mustered out 
 of service at Fort Leavenworth, Kas., April 15, 1866. Is a member of 
 Geo. H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal., his place of resi 
 dence. 
 
 JOSHUA W. HOWELL. 
 
 Was born in Saint Donnatts, Glamorganshire, Wales, August 9, 1837; 
 learned the trade of machinist; has been a merchant, and is now a life- 
 insurance agent. Enlisted in Company K, i42d Pennsylvania Volunteers, 
 August, 1862; was appointed corporal and promoted to captain in May, 
 1864; belonged to the Pennsylvania Reserves, also ist and 5th Army 
 Corps; was engaged in the battles of Fredricksburg, Chancellorsville, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 209 
 
 Gettysburg, Five Forks, Petersburg, and some ten or eleven other 
 engagements, the last being just previous to the surrender of Lee at 
 Appomattox; was wounded severely in the first day s fight at Gettysburg; 
 honorably discharged from the service in October, 1865; was president of 
 the Veteran Soldiers Association of Pennsylvania for two terms ; belongs to 
 the Society of the Army of the Potomac, and is a member of Geo. H. 
 Thomas Post, G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal. , his place of residence. 
 
 HENRY E. PALMER. 
 
 Was born in Madison, Lake County, Ohio, July 31, 1841; has been 
 a fanner, gold-miner, lawyer, and is at present agent of the Home Insur 
 ance Company of New York, at Plattsmouth, Neb. Enlisted in the ist 
 Kansas Battery July 31, 1861; afterwards made commissary sergeant 4th 
 Kansas Infantry, but on the consolidation of that regiment with the 3d 
 Kansas Infantry was mustered out in April, 1862. Raised Company A, 
 1 1 th Kansas Infantry, and was commissioned its 2d lieutenant August 20, 
 1862; promoted ist lieutenant December 31, 1862; captain February 20, 
 1863. Belonged to the jth Army Corps, which served in the Department 
 of Arkansas; participated in all the actions of the corps, and was in 
 twenty-four general engagements; was slightly wounded by a spent ball 
 at Prairie Grove, Ark., December 7, 1862; was once captured, but escaped 
 before being taken to prison. In June, 1865, was assigned to duty on the 
 staff of General P. E. Connor as acting assistant adjutant-general of the 
 District of the Plains; honorably discharged from service at Fort Leaven- 
 worth, Kas. , September 26, 1865. Is a member of McConihie Post, No. 
 45, G. A. R., at Plattsmouth, Neb., where he resides, and is a past- 
 department commander of Nebraska. 
 
 
 
 WARREN H. PIERCE. 
 
 Was born in Windsor, Me., May 24, 1839; has been a lumberman 
 and miner. Enlisted in August, 1862, in the 2 ist Maine Infantry for 
 nine months, and in November, 1863, re-enlisted in the ad Maine Veteran 
 Cavalry; served as orderly sergeant and ist lieutenant, and in the ist 
 Brigade, ist Division, and igth Army Corps; also 1 6th Army Corps; com 
 missions bear dates as follows: ist lieutenant of infantry, September 12, 
 1862; ist lieutenant of cavalry, March i,, 1864; took part in the battles at 
 Plain s Store, in which battle he commanded the company; was present at 
 the assaults on Port Hudson in May and June, 1864, and participated in 
 that protracted siege; served as aid-de-camp on the staff of Colonel 
 
 o 
 
210 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Chapin, who commanded the brigade, until after the death of that gallant 
 officer, who was killed in the first assault on Port Hudson; accompanied 
 the field officer of the day to receive the tmce for the surrender of the 
 fort; participated in the battle with Dick Taylor near Donaldsonville, 
 July n, 1863, during which his horse was shot; July 26, 1863, was 
 detailed as adjutant of the regiment and so acted until mustered out 
 August 25, 1863. Re-enlisted November, 1863, in Company C, 2d Maine 
 Veteran Cavalry; during second enlistment, served as a private until pro 
 moted to orderly sergeant, from which was promoted to ist lieutenant over 
 the 2d lieutenant; was present at the fall of Mobile and Fort Blakely, and 
 took part in numerous skirmishes and raids, among which were Little 
 Escambia River (where his horse was shot from under him) in which 
 engagement he was again in command of his company; took part in the 
 battles at Pine Barren Ford, Melton, and Maryanna, in the latter battle was 
 slightly wounded in the head; was in command of his company for the 
 last sixteen months of the war; during entire service was off duty only 
 four days; honorably discharged December 6, 1865. Comrade Pierce is a 
 member of Chattanooga Post, of Nevada City, Cal., and is a resident of 
 Colfax, Placer County, Cal. 
 
 WILLIAM RENWICK SMEDBERG. 
 
 Born in New York city March 19, 1839; entered Columbia College, 
 N. Y., September, 1853; graduated July, 1857; private Company 6 (F), 
 yth Regiment, National Guard, State of New York, July 26, 1858; dis 
 charged January i, 1860, on account of removal from State; private 
 National Rifles, District of Columbia Militia; mustered into volunteer 
 service April 15, 1861, as private Company A, 3d Battalion, District of 
 Columbia Infantry; with General C. P. Stone s command in Maryland; 
 corporal May 9, 1861; discharged July 4, 1861, to accept commission in 
 regular army; appointed ist lieutenant i4th United States Infantry May 
 14, 1861; accepted July 5, 1861; acting aid-de-camp to General Charles P. 
 Stone, commanding brigade, during Patterson s campaign; joined i4th 
 Infantry at Fort Trumbull, Conn., August, 1861 ; appointed adjutant 
 2d battalion, August 30, 1861, by Lieutenant-Colonel John F. Reynolds, 
 commanding regiment; on duty with regiment near Fort Trumbull, Conn., 
 and near Perryville, Md., October, 1861, to March, 1862; appointed cap 
 tain I4th Infantry October 25, 1861; assigned to Company F, 2d battalion; 
 joined Army of the Potomac March, 1862, and participated in movement 
 on Manassas March 10, 1862; regiment assigned to General George Sykes 
 regular brigade of Porter s division; afterwards the- 2d Brigade, Regular 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 211 
 
 Division, 5th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac; with regiment during 
 advance on York town and the Peninsula campaign; declined position 
 of acting assistant adjutant-general regular division, tendered by General 
 Sykes in front of Yorktown ; participated in battles of Games Mill 
 June 27, 1862; Turkey Bend, June 30, 1862; Malvern Hill July i, 1862; 
 at Games Mill his company lost in killed and wounded two lieutenants 
 and nineteen enlisted men; moved with 5th Corps to join Pope s Army 
 of Virginia; battle of Bull Run 2d, August 30, 1862, company lost 
 twenty-one enlisted men killed and wounded; campaign in Maryland- 
 battles of Antietam, September 17, 1862; Leetown, October 17, 1862; 
 Snicker s Gap, November 3-4, 1862; Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862; 
 received sick leave March 15, 1863; detailed on recruiting service New 
 York city; served in draft riots New York, August, September, 1863; 
 joined regiment in New York September 12, 1863, and went to the field; 
 Mine Run campaign, December, 1863; on duty on O. & A. R. R. , winter 
 of 1863-64; appointed acting inspector-general ist Division, 5th Army 
 Corps, Brigadier-General Charles Griffin commanding, April 6, 1864* 
 battle of the Wilderness, May 5, 1864, wounded by shell, which took off 
 right foot; leg amputated, which ended field service; on recruiting service 
 October, 1864, to April, 1865; mustering and disbursing officer in provost 
 marshal general s office, Washington, D. C. , April to August, 1865; with 
 regiment at Hart Island, New York Harbor, August to October, 1865, 
 when moved, with regiment, via Panama, to San Francisco; assistant 
 inspector-general Department of California, on staff of Brigadier-General 
 Irvin McDowell, December, 1865; on inspecting duty in California and 
 Arizona; aid-de-camp to Major-Gen eral H. W. Halleck, commanding 
 military division of the Pacific, May 28, 1866, to May 31, 1869, on 
 inspecting duty in Nevada, Idaho, and Washington Territory; acting 
 assistant adjutant-general on staff of Major-General George H. Thomas, 
 commanding military division Pacific, June i, 1869, until his death, 
 March 28, 1870; acting assistant adjutant-general staff of Major-General 
 John M. Schofield from that time till December 15, 1870; retired from 
 active service December 15, 1870, upon the full rank of captain "mounted," 
 "for incapacity resulting from wounds received in the line of duty." 
 
 Appointed major by brevet, to rank from July 6, 1864, "for gallant 
 services at the battle of the Wilderness and during the present campaign 
 before Richmond, Va.;" appointed lieutenant-colonel by brevet, to rank 
 from March 13, 1865, "for gallant services during the war;" dates of 
 brevets changed by Hancock s brevet board, and commissions issued: 
 brevet major, July 2, 1863, and brevet lieutenant-colonel May 5, 1864; 
 still in service as a retired officer United States Army. 
 
212 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 NATIONAL GUARD. Lieutenant-colonel and division inspector divi 
 sion National Guard of California, September i, 1874, to January 19, 1876; 
 brigade inspector, 2d Brigade, National Guard of California, January 19, 
 1876, to October, 1876; elected colonel 2d Artillery Regiment, National 
 Guard of California, October 13, 1876; re-elected October, 1880; re- 
 elected October, 1884; resigned, and was placed on retired list National 
 Guard of California, November, 1885. 
 
 G. A. R. First joined Lincoln Post, No. i, department of California, 
 afterward transferred to G. H. Thomas Post, No. 2, department of Cali 
 fornia; adjutant-general department of California, February, 1885; depart 
 ment commander, department of California, February 18, 1886. 
 
 LOYAL LEGION. Has been recorder of the commandery of Cali 
 fornia since its organization in 1871. 
 
 Since retirement from active service in regular army has been 
 employed by Pacific Mail Steamship Company in San Francisco office, 
 1870-72; by C. A. Low & Co., merchants, 1872-80, and since 1880 with 
 Balfour, Guthrie & Co., in fire-insurance business. 
 
 JAMES W. HOWARD. 
 
 Was born July 14, 1833, in Boone County, Ky. ; was educated for 
 the life of a journalist, practical printer and stenographer; is at present a 
 journalist, known by his nom de plume as "Phocian." Enlisted Feb 
 ruary 14, 1865, in the I49th Illinois Infantry, and served as provost 
 marshal, 2d Brigade, 2d Separate Division, Army of the Cumberland; was 
 ist lieutenant of Company A, which position he resigned in June, 1865; 
 in 1861, 1862, and 1863 was war correspondent of the Chicago Tribune; 
 was brevetted colonel July 14, 1865, by President Johnson; took part in 
 the battles at Pittsburg Landing, Millikens Bend, Red River expedition 
 from Shreveport to Fort de Russe on retreat; was wounded at Pittsburg 
 Landing. Comrade Howard is a member of Kenesaw Post, G. A. R., of 
 Danville, Ills. ; has been a delegate to national encampment and was aid- 
 de-camp to Commander-in-Chief Burdett. 
 
 JOHN R. FRIERSON. 
 
 Was born in Quincy, Ills. , and has been engaged in various business 
 pursuits; served three months in the first call for troops, enlisting in the 
 loth Illinois Infantry, June i, 1861; on his discharge re-enlisted in Com 
 pany B, 7th Illinois Cavalry; was with General Pope in Missouri and at 
 Corinth, Miss.; discharged July 20, 1862; enlisted again in Company F, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 213 
 
 84th Illinois Infantry, August 20, 1862; attached to the Army of the 
 Cumberland, Gray s brigade, Palmer s division, Crittenden s corps; was 
 also under General Canby in the Department of the Gulf; was engaged 
 in the battles of New Madrid (Mo.), Perry ville, Stone River, Chicka- 
 mauga, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge (Tenn.), Atchafayla Bayou (La.), 
 Fort Blakely (Ala.), and numerous skirmishes; served as a private, sergeant, 
 sergeant-major, ist lieutenant and adjutant, and acting assistant adjutant- 
 general; was wounded in the battle of Chickamauga through mouth and 
 neck and in the right hip; in January, 1864, was transferred to Company 
 E, 23d Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps; April 2, 1864, commissioned 
 ist lieutenant and adjutant 97th Illinois Infantry; wounded by shell in 
 head, near Simmesport, La., November, 1864; shot again through mouth 
 and neck, jaws broken, tongue cut, and left forearm, at siege of Fort 
 Blakely, Ala., April 9, 1865; was returned to Quincy, 111., and reported 
 for muster out; honorably discharged service May 15, 1865; is a pen 
 sioner; member of Lincoln Post at Portland, Or., and resides at Oregon 
 City; has never recovered from his wounds, and for several months past 
 has, in consequence of them, been confined to his bed. 
 
 RIO D. BARBER. 
 
 Was born in Allegany County, N. Y., November 22, 1839; entered 
 Alfred University, Allegany County, N. Y., teaching a portion of the 
 time to pay expenses. Left university and enlisted as a private in Com 
 pany C, 85th New York Volunteers, at Elmira, N. Y. , September 26, 
 1861. During the Peninsular campaign was a member of the 4th (Keyes) 
 Army Corps, and participated, in the Army of the Potomac, in the battles 
 of that campaign. The brigade to which his regiment belonged was 
 subsequently sent to North Carolina, where the regiment was captured at 
 Plymouth, N. C.; Dr. Barber, being in the medical director s office at 
 the time, escaped capture; was transferred to the 35th U. S. Colored 
 Troops as hospital steward, and served with the command under Colonel 
 J. C. Beecher, a brother of Henry Ward Beecher, on the islands of South 
 Carolina, with General Gilmore, and in Florida with General Seymour 
 until expiration of term of service. After being mustered out entered 
 medical department, Harvard University, from which he took the degree 
 of M. D. March, 1865. He is now located in the practice of his profes 
 sion at Worthington, Minn. Among the public offices held by comrade 
 Barber are the following: Trustee of the Minnesota Soldiers Orphans 
 Home, six years; judge of probate for Noble County, Minn., six years; 
 postmaster at Worthington, five years; vice-president of State Medical 
 
214 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Society; delegate to American Medical Association from State Society. 
 He was a charter member of Stoddard Post, G. A. R., No. 34, depart 
 ment of Minnesota; has been post commander one term, and medical 
 director of the department two terms, and surgeon of his post from time 
 of formation; was elected an alternate delegate from Minnesota to the 
 twentieth national encampment, G. A. R., which met at San Francisco, 
 Cal., in August, 1886. 
 
 EDWARD G. MILLER. 
 
 Was born in Cornish, York County, Me., September 3, 1840. In 1851 
 removed to the State of Wisconsin, and at the outbreak of the war was a 
 student in the sophomore class in the University of Wisconsin. On April 
 17, 1861, enlisted in Company K, ist Wisconsin Volunteers, commanded by 
 Captain afterwards General Lucius Fairchild, the present Commander- 
 in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic. Re-enlisted at the expira 
 tion of term of service in the 2oth Wisconsin Volunteers, in which he was 
 commissioned captain August 18, 1862. Served under General Patterson 
 in Virginia, and in the army of the frontier in Arkansas; was at the siege 
 of Vicksburg, the attack on Fort Morgan, and the capture of Mobile; 
 served in Louisiana, Texas, and Mexico. His regiment was one of the 
 two that served on foreign soil, being sent to protect the American con 
 sulate at Matamoras during one of the chronic Mexican revolutions; was 
 finally mustered out at Gal veston, Tex. , July 14, 1865. Since that time 
 has been employed in farming and in the public service. Comrade Miller 
 removed to Iowa in 1867 and has there taken a great interest in educational 
 matters. It was through his efforts in the State legislatures of 1874 and 
 1876 that the Iowa State Normal School was established. Among the 
 public offices which he has held are those of county superintendent of 
 schools and state senator. Was a charter member of Robert Anderson 
 Post, No. 68, G. A. R., to which he belongs, has been its post commander, 
 and was department commander of Iowa in 1884; is at present in the 
 U. S. postal service, and resides at Waterloo, Jefferson County, Wis. 
 
 GOULD H. NORTON. 
 
 Was born in the town of Varysburg, Wyoming Count} , N. Y. , and 
 at the outbreak of the war was a student in the senior class at the Illinois 
 State University. Enlisted in Company A, 33d Illinois Infantry, Aiigust 
 21, 1861. His regiment was in great part formed of the students at the 
 university; its president, General Charles E. Hovey, went out as colonel, 
 and several of the companies were officered by the professors, graduates, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 215 
 
 and students. Company A was composed almost entirely of students, and 
 its captain was one of the professors. The regiment served in the Army 
 of the Tennessee, belonged to the ist Brigade, 3d Division, I3th Army 
 Corps. Comrade Norton was mustered in as 2d lieutenant, but was after 
 wards successively promoted to ist lieutenant and captain. On May 20, 
 1863, ne received a gun-shot wound in the breast at Vicksburg, Miss., and 
 in August following was mustered out at that place. In 1864 was captain 
 of a Mississippi river steamer in Government service, and had some expe 
 riences with guerrillas who infested the country along the river. In 1870 
 moved to the southern frontier of Kansas, and with some others founded 
 the town of Arkansas City, in Cowley County. In 1874 there was an 
 outbreak of the Kiowas, Comanches, Cheyennes, and Osage Indians, who 
 invaded the State of Kansas and committed many depredations and atroci 
 ties. Captain Norton was appointed captain of a company of cavalry, 
 State militia, and took the field, assigned to the duty of guarding sixty- 
 eight miles of the frontier. During the campaign, under the authority of 
 Governor Osborn, he raised the ist Regiment of Cavalry, Kansas State 
 Militia, of which he was commissioned colonel, and served until the cam 
 paign was ended by the capture of the hostile Indians. In 1875 removed 
 to Florida; was a charter member of Eustis Post, No. 5, department of 
 Florida, G. A. R., and served as its post commander for three terms, and 
 has been successively elected junior and senior vice-department com 
 mander, and department commander, which latter office he now holds; is 
 engaged in the business of nurseryman and orange planter at Eustis, 
 Orange County, Fla. 
 
 DANIEL KIEFER. 
 
 Was born in the kingdom of Wurtemberg, South Germany, Decem 
 ber 15, 1841, and by trade is an engraver and die-sinker; came to the 
 United States with his parents in 1853. ^ n tne latter part of July, 1861, 
 enlisted in Company A, 55th New York Volunteers, which was mustered 
 into service August 5, 1861; served in all the battles of the Peninsula 
 campaign, under General McClellan, in which the regiment was engaged; 
 was promoted corporal, and finally mustered out at Fortress Monroe, Va., 
 March 4, 1863. On return to civil life resumed his trade at Waterbury, 
 Conn., his present place of residence, where he has held a number of city 
 offices, and is now president of the Board of Councilmen. On January 
 30, 1872, he joined the Grand Army of the Republic at Milford, Conn., 
 but was transferred to Wadham Post, of Waterbury, September 19, 1879; 
 in it he has served as post commander for two years; was elected as an 
 alternate delegate from Connecticut to the twentieth annual encampment 
 
216 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 of the Grand Army of the Republic, which was held in San Francisco in 
 August, 1886. The grandfather of comrade Kiefer, who had emigrated 
 to America, previous to his parents, was a soldier in the United States 
 Army in the Mexican War. 
 
 II. H. BIXBY. 
 
 Was born in Norridgewock, Somerset County, Me., March 22, 1836, 
 and is a stock farmer. Enlisted in Company K, 2ist Maine Volunteers, 
 September i, 1862, and served as a private; belonged to General Auger s 
 division, igth Army Corps; was in the assault on Port Hudson, La., at 
 the siege of that place, and in several other engagements and skirmishes; 
 was honorably discharged from service August 25, 1863. Is a member of 
 Stanton Post, G. A. R. , at Los Angeles, Cal., which is his place of 
 residence. 
 
 M. A. FULLER. 
 
 Was born in the town of Sherburne, Vt. , November 27, 1835, and has 
 been engaged in various business occupations; enlisted in Company I, 34th 
 Illinois Volunteers, September 7, 1861; served as sergeant; promoted in 
 April, 1862, to 2d lieutenant and subsequently to ist lieutenant; belonged 
 to the Army of the Cumberland, afterwards the i4th Army Corps; w r as 
 engaged in the battles of Shiloh, Chickamauga, and Missionary Ridge; 
 at the last-named action was shot through the left thigh and received a 
 wound in the right leg by the explosion of a shell, laid up in hospital for 
 some months in consequence of wounds; honorably discharged from service 
 February 28, 1865; is a member of Grant Post, G. A. R., at Modesto, Cal., 
 and resides at Turlock, Stanislaus County, Cal. 
 
 HENRY R. GIBSON. 
 
 Was born in 1837, and is a native of Maryland; his occupations in 
 life have been attorney at law, editor of Knoxville, Tenn. , Republican, 
 and daily Chronicle; was educated at Hobart College, Geneva, N. Y., 
 graduating in 1862; entered the military service of the Government 
 March 17, 1863, as ist lieutenant on the general staff of the Army of the 
 Potomac; was engaged in the second battle of Fredericksburg, Chancellors- 
 ville, Monocacy, and in the skirmishing preliminary to Gettysburg; 
 honorably discharged from service at Wilmington, Del., August 4, 1865. 
 At the close of the war went to the Albany, N. Y., law school, and after 
 the completion of the course of studies, and having been lincensed to prac 
 tice law by the Supreme Court of New York, moved to Knoxville, Tenn., 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 217 
 
 and began the practice of his profession. In 1869 was a delegate to the con 
 stitutional convention which made the present constitution of the State of 
 Tennessee, but refused to sign it because of some obnoxious provisions; 
 in 1870 was elected to the State Senate; in 1872 was Grant presidential 
 electoral candidate; in 1874 was elected to the Tennessee house of rep 
 resentatives; in 1880 was Garfield electoral candidate; in 1881 appointed 
 Post-office Inspector; in 1883 became editor of Knoxville daily Chronicle 
 and consolidated with it the weekly Knoxville Republican, and in August, 
 1886, was chosen chancellor of the Second Chancery Division of Tennessee, 
 by a majority of 13,621; he is a member of Ed. Maynard Post, G. A. R., 
 at Knoxville, and is senior vice-commander of the department of Ten 
 nessee and Georgia. 
 
 JACOB O. BLACKBURN. 
 
 Was born in Steubenville, Ohio, July 20, 1844; has been a printer; 
 his present occupation is that of attorney-at-law ; shipped as an able sea 
 man on the U. S. receiving ship Grampus, at Cincinnati, Ohio, February 
 27, 1864, an d was transferred to the U. S. ram Avenger, with Banks 
 expedition up Red River, La., and served continuously on the southern 
 rivers until March, 1865, when he was mustered out by reason of expira 
 tion of term of service. Previous to entering the navy, comrade Blackburn 
 had served in the National Guard of Ohio, and took part in the pursuit 
 and capture of the rebel general John Morgan in his foray through 
 Southern Indiana and Ohio; was also in some of the actions in West Vir 
 ginia in the early part of the war. Resuming civil life he studied law at 
 Steubenville and was admitted to the bar; came to California in 1869, set 
 tled and has resided ever since in Merced; has filled, for two terms, the 
 office of Justice of the Peace; is a member of Hancock Post, G. A. R., at 
 Merced, and is post adjutant; also assistant inspector of the department of 
 California. 
 
 JOHN PALMER. 
 
 Was born on Staten Island, N. Y., March 22, 1842; received a public 
 school education, learned the trade of fresco painting, and was so engaged 
 when he enlisted as a private in Company B, gist New York Volunteers, 
 September 21, 1861. He was promoted to corporal, sergeant, sergeant- 
 major, 2d lieutenant, ist lieutenant, and captain, and served in the Army 
 of the Potomac, participating in most of its battles, being finally mustered 
 out with his regiment at Albany, N. Y., July 3, 1865. At the battle of 
 Five Forks, Va. , had his spine badly injured by a wounded horse falling 
 on him, from the effects of which he has never entirely recovered, though 
 
218 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 he has sought the assistance of the most eminent surgeons in the United 
 States and Europe. In his business of painting and decorations he has 
 been very successful, and much admired for artistic skill, particularly in 
 the decorations of the new State capitol at Albany, N. Y. He was one of 
 the originators of the State Soldiers and Sailors Home at Bath, Steuben 
 County, N. Y., and has for many years been a trustee of that institution, 
 and chairman of the executive committee; is a charter member of Lew 
 Benedict Post, No. 5, G. A. R., at Albany, N. Y., his place of residence; 
 has served as post commander, senior vice-department commander, twice 
 as department commander, and was elected Senior Vice-Commander-in- 
 Chief in 1879; has been a regular attendant at department and national 
 encampments. 
 
 CYRUS H. ABBOTT. 
 
 Was born in the town of Ogden, Monroe County, N. Y. , and is a 
 farmer. Enlisted in Company H, 93d Illinois Volunteers, August 14, 1862; 
 was promoted to ist lieutenant, April n, 1865; belonged to the 3d Bri 
 gade, 3d Division, i5th Army Corps; was engaged in the siege of Vicks- 
 bnrg, at the battles of Chattanooga, Mission Ridge, Siege of Atlanta and 
 the battles in the vicinity; was with General Sherman in his march to 
 the sea and through the Carolinas, participating in all the engagements 
 of the campaign, and was present at the grand review in Washington city; 
 mustered out June 23, 1865; is a member of Grant Post, G. A. R., at 
 Modesto, Cal., and resides at Turlock, Stanislaus County, Cal. 
 
 HENRY A. GREENE. 
 
 Was born in Woonsocket, Providence County, R. I., October 26, 
 1826, and is by occupation a machinist; was educated in the common 
 schools and at Leicester Academy, Worcester County, Mass; left Provi 
 dence for California in December, 1851; w r as engaged in mining in the 
 Sonora mines for a time, then in business for three years in San Fran 
 cisco, and afterwards at Nevada City. Enlisted in ist California Infantry, 
 in May, 1861; commenced to recruit Company G, of that regiment, in 
 Nevada County, Cal., June, 1861. It was organized and elected its officers 
 June 28, 1861; was recruited, subsisted and transported from Nevada City 
 to San Francisco at Captain Greene s own expense. The Company was 
 mustered into service at the Presidio August 3, 1861, and he was commis 
 sioned its captain; belonged to what was known as the "California," and 
 served in the department of New Mexico, under General Carleton, and 
 was engaged in several Indian fights. Was appointed major ist New 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 219 
 
 Mexico Volunteers July 18, 1864, but did not accept; on being mustered 
 out, by reason of expiration of three years term of service, went east, 
 and was appointed captain in General Hancock s ist Army Corps, Veteran 
 Reserves, February 6, 1865; he is a member of Rodman Post, No. 12, 
 G. A. R., at Providence, R. I., his place of residence. 
 
 JOHN UPTON. 
 
 Was born in Salem, Mass., December n, 1838; has been a printer 
 and is at present a claim attorney. Enlisted in Company B, ist California 
 Infantry, August 26, 1861; served as a private, corporal, second sergeant, 
 and first sergeant; on duty in the department of New Mexico, and most 
 of the time engaged in Indian scouting; received a stroke of paralysis in 
 left arm and leg August 23, 1863, at Fort West, N. M., the day after his 
 return from an Apache scout in the W 7 hite Mountains; was honorably 
 discharged from service at Rio Membree, N. M., January i, 1864; was 
 the first comrade mustered by General John F. Miller to print the secret 
 ritual before any post was organized in California; is a member of Lincoln 
 Post, No. i, G. A. R., at San Francisco, his place of residence, and was 
 post adjutant from 1874 to 1880, six years. 
 
 B. F. BIVINS. 
 
 \Vas born in Erie County, N. Y. , March 6, 1836; moved to Iowa 
 with his parents in 1844; raised on a farm; w r as a teacher ten years, and 
 is at present engaged in mining; was educated at Iowa State University, 
 but left a few weeks before graduating and enlisted in Company D, 24th 
 Iowa Infantry, August 14, 1862; served as a sergeant; was commissioned 
 2d lieutenant in December, 1863, and ist lieutenant in January, 1864; 
 was in all of the campaigns on the Arkansas till Vicksburg, in which 
 siege and all the principal battles attending it the regiment took part; led 
 personally the second and successful charge at Champion Hills, Miss., 
 May 16, 1863, after the division (the i2th), i3th Army Corps, to which 
 he belonged, had been forced back in its first onset. Lossing, in his 
 "History of the Civil W T ar," says: "The 24th Iowa was called the Meth 
 odist Regiment, its principal officers and a large portion of its men being 
 of that denomination. They fought most gallantly, and at evening after 
 the battle was over they held a religious meeting and made the hills 
 resound with the grand air and stirring words of Old Hundred. After 
 the capture of Vicksburg the regiment was attached to the iQth Army 
 Corps, and was in both the Red River expeditions. Comrade Bivins was 
 
220 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 ordered by Secretary of War for examination in North Arkansas for com 
 mission in colored troops; passed successfully, and received commission 
 as 2d lieutenant and ist lieutenant of the dates before stated; helped to 
 organize and drill the corps; was on duty as captain and assistant surgeon 
 as he had gone through a medical course when he was taken prisoner 
 on Lake Marafos, La., March 13, 1865, and was held as such for thirty- 
 three days; ran great risk of being hung on account of being an officer of 
 colored troops; was released after the final surrender of the rebel forces; 
 honorably discharged from service at St. Louis, Mo., in May, 1865. After 
 the war came to the Pacific Coast, and was principal of Carson City public 
 school for two years. Began mining in eastern Nevada in 1868; moved 
 from thence to Oakland, Cal., and then to Arizona in 1879; has been in 
 Mexico the greater portion of the last three years, engaged in mining. Is 
 a member of Negley Post, No. 35, G. A. R., at Tucson, A. Ty., which is 
 his post-office address. 
 
 LIVINGSTON DICKASON. 
 
 Is a native of Marion County, Ohio, and by occupation a contractor. 
 Enlisted in the 4th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, which was organized at 
 Columbus, Ohio, April 25, 1861, as a three months regiment; re-enlisted 
 in the 64th Ohio Volunteers, which was recruited and mustered into 
 service, at Mansfield, Ohio, November 9, 1861, for three years; served as 
 a private and sergeant; belonged to General Garfield s brigade, afterwards 
 to Marker s brigade, Wood s division, Crittenden s corps; was in the 
 battles of Shiloh, Stone River, and Chickamauga; in the last-named 
 action was severely wounded in the left arm, for which he is now in the 
 receipt of a pension; honorably discharged in June, 1864. After the war 
 moved to Illinois, where he has acquired a comfortable fortune; was for 
 ten years mayor of Danville, Ills. ; is a member of Hanford Post, G. A. R. , 
 at that city, his place of residence, and during the year 1884 was depart 
 ment commander of the Grand Army of the Republic of Illinois; is at 
 present, and for two years has been, one of the three trustees of the Illi 
 nois Soldiers and Sailors Home. 
 
 LUMAN A. MANCHESTER. 
 
 Was born in Clay County, Mo., November 23, 1828, and is a black 
 smith. Enlisted in November, 1862, in Company E, California Battalion, 
 which proceeded by steamer and the Panama isthmus, shortly after being 
 raised, to the East, to take part in the War of the Rebellion, and was 
 incorporated with the 2d Massachusetts Cavalry; served as a sergeant; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 221 
 
 belonged for a time to the 22d Army Corps, and then to Lowell s Brigade, 
 Merritt s Division, Sheridan s Cavalry Corps. Took part in the battles 
 at Ashby s Gap, Gettysburg, Winchester, and all the engagements of 
 Sheridan s cavalry in the Shenandoah Valley; at Brockville fell into the 
 hands of the enemy and was a prisoner for a few days, when he managed 
 to escape, and rejoined his regiment; was slightly wounded in the face at 
 Waynesborongh by a fragment of shell; was present at the battle of Five 
 Forks and the other actions up to the time of General Lee s surrender 
 at Appomattox; participated in the grand review at Washington city; 
 honorably discharged from service July 20, 1865. Has served a term as 
 justice of the peace at Stockton, Cal. Is a member of Hancock Post, 
 G. A. R., at Merced, Cal., where he resides; holds the position of officer 
 of the guard of his post. 
 
 THOMAS ZANTZINGER MORROW. 
 
 Was born in the town of Flemingsburg, Fleming County, Ky., in 
 1835, and having graduated at Center College in 1855, and at the Tran 
 sylvania law school engaged in the practice of law. Entered the service 
 October 28, 1862. in the 32d Kentucky Infantry, and was mustered out 
 with the rank of lieutenant-colonel, at Danville, Ky., August 12, 1863; 
 was in the battle at Stanford, Ky., and other engagements; since the war 
 has been county attorney of Pulaski County, Ky., member of both houses 
 of the State Legislature and U. S. Assessor of Internal Revenue; is a judge 
 of the 8th Judicial District of Ky. ; a member of C. A. Zachary Post, 
 G. A. R. , at Somerset, Ky. , his place of residence, and has been post and 
 department commander. 
 
 HIRAM HOYT RICHMOND. 
 
 Was born in the town of Lebanon, Madison County, N. Y. , May 
 8, 1843, and is a school teacher. Was attending school, preparing for 
 college, and not quite eighteen years of age when he enlisted in Company 
 C, 26th New York Volunteers, April 26, 1861. Served as a private ; 
 belonged to the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, ist Army Corps. In a skirmish 
 at Accotink, Fairfax County, Va., September 5, 1861, was captured 
 by a detachment of the rebel General Wade Hampton s cavalry, and 
 was a prisoner of war for about nine months, being confined during that 
 period at Richmond, Va., Tuscaloosa, Ala., and Salisbury, N. C. ; was 
 exchanged, and rejoined his regiment in time to be present at the battle 
 of Antietam, and afterwards at Fredericksburg, where he received a 
 
22-2 XECOXDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 gunshot wound in the left thigh ; was honorably mentioned for gallantry, 
 and would have been commissioned as a lieutenant but the severity of 
 the wound compelled the surgeon under whose care he was to report him as 
 unfit for active service, and he was therefore, in January, 1863, discharged 
 the service on account of physical disability. He then attended Cazenovia 
 Seminary, N. Y. , for two years; came to California in 1867, an d engaged 
 in school teaching, which has been his profession for over twenty years ; 
 has published a volume of poetry entitled "Montezuma," which was 
 favorably spoken of by the press and some of the acknowledged leading 
 poets of the country ; is a member and chaplain of Belmont Post, G. A. R. , 
 Auburn, Cal., of which place he is a resident. 
 
 JOSEPH P. JENKINS. 
 
 Was born in Monroe County, Tenn. , June 17, 1835, and is a harness- 
 maker; came across the plains to California in 1854; enlisted in Company 
 D, 8th California Infantry, December 28, 1864, and served as a musician. 
 His regiment was assigned to duty in the Department of California, and 
 was mustered out October 24, 1865; is a member of Lincoln Post, 
 G. A. R. , at San Francisco, and is at present a resident of Fresno, Cal. 
 
 CHARLES OTIS PARK. 
 
 Was born in the town of Brighton, Suffolk County, Mass., January 
 17, 1824, an d is a car painter; enlisted in Company B, i2th Massachusetts 
 Infantry, June 21, 1861, and served as a private; was in the battle of 
 Ball s Bluff, Va. ; discharged November 20, 1861, on surgeon s certificate 
 of physical disability, the result of a severe attack of typhoid fever; is a 
 member of Appomattox Post, G. A. R., at Oakland, Cal., his place of 
 residence, and holds the office of post surgeon. 
 
 WALTER N. BISHOP. 
 
 Was born in the city of London, Eng., September 2, 1846, and is by 
 occupation a clerk. Enlisted in February, 1863, in Company M, 5th N. Y. 
 Cavalry, and served as a private, belonged to the Cavalry Corps of the 
 Army of the Potomac; was in several skirmishes with Mosby s cavalry; 
 at the battles of Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, the cavalry fight at Brandy 
 Station, the Wilderness, the Siege of Petersburg, until July, 1864; then 
 formed a portion of Sheridan s Cavalry Corps in his operations in the 
 Shenandoah Valley, participated in all the actions of that campaign; the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 223 
 
 regiment, after the battle of Cedar Creek, being- detailed as General 
 Sheridan s body-guard; returning to the lines at Petersburg, was on duty 
 there until the capture of that place ; engaged in the battle of Five Forks, 
 and present at the surrender of Lee s army at Appomatox; was slightly 
 wounded on the chin, by a musket-ball, in action at Reams Station, Va. ; 
 honorably discharged from service in August, 1865; came to California 
 in 1866, and is a resident of Fresno; a member of Atlanta Post, G. A. R., 
 at that place, and its officer of the day. 
 
 PETER CLANCEY. 
 
 Was born in Sligo, Ireland, June 29, 1847, and is a barber; as a citi 
 zen was attached to Company A, 48th Massachusetts Infantry, and took 
 part in the siege of Port Hudson, May 27 to July 9, 1863. Enlisted in 
 Company F, 59th Massachusetts Infantry, February 7, 1864, and served as 
 a private; belonged to the ist Brigade, ist Division, gth Corps, Army of 
 the Potomac; was in the battles of Mine Run, the Wilderness, Spottsyl- 
 vania Court-house, and North Anna River; captured in the last-named 
 battle May 24, 1864, and confined in Andersoiiville and other southern 
 prisons until April 28, 1865, when he was liberated in consequence of the 
 termination of the war; was sent to Camp Parole at Annapolis, Md., and 
 finally mustered out at Boston, Mass., May 24, 1865; is a member of 
 General McDowell Post, G. A. R., at San Rafael, Cal., his place of resi 
 dence; has been assistant inspector on staff of department commander, 
 and is officer of the day of his post. 
 
 WILLIAM EMMOR GRIFFITH. 
 
 Past department commander; was born in Washington County, Pa., 
 January 17, 1842, and comes of one of the oldest and most highly 
 respected families in the Monongahela Valley. In December, 1861, left 
 school, and on January i, 1862, enlisted as a private in independent 
 company, Washington cavalry, afterward Company B, 22d Pennsylvania 
 Cavalry, and was promoted as follows: quartermaster- sergeant, February 
 i, 1863; ist sergeant, May 15, 1864; ist lieutenant, November 26, 1864; 
 captain, March 3, 1865. Captain Griffith was wounded in the shoulder 
 at Clear Spring, Md., July 8, 1863; in the foot near Martinsburg, W. Va. , 
 in December, 1864; on the shoulder at Romney, W. Va., February 21, 1865; 
 mustered out May 18, 1865. Since the war he has been a bank account 
 ant and a shipper of coal. Is now editor and proprietor of the Cumber 
 land daily News. Has been a member and president of the city council, 
 
224 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 and in January, 1884, was unanimously nominated for State Treasurer of 
 Maryland by the joint caucus of Republican senators and members of the 
 Maryland Legislature. Is a member of the board of deacons and also one 
 of the board of trustees of the First Presbyterian Church of Cumberland, 
 Md. Among the numerous engagements participated in are the following: 
 Blue Gap, W. Va. ; Blomery Furnace, W. Va. ; Strausbury, Winchester, 
 (three times), Kearnstown, Darksville, Snickers Gap, Ashby s Gap, Bunker 
 Hill, Stephenson s Depot, Buckelstown, near Martinsburg, Opequan, 
 Fisher s Hill, Cedar Creek, Moorefield, all in Virginia and West Virginia; 
 and Clear Spring, Md., and a number of others. Served in 5th and 8th 
 Corps, and at different times under Generals Kelly, Landers, Shields, 
 Banks, Carroll, Sheridan, Merritt, Torbert, Custer, Averill, Crook, and 
 Emory. Served on General Shields non-commissioned staff at Winchester, 
 March 18, 1862, and afterwards received a special letter from the general 
 complimenting him for his bravery and fidelity to duty during that engage 
 ment, and others which followed. Comrade Griffith was a charter member 
 of Tyler Post, No. 5, department of Maryland, and has been quarter 
 master, senior vice-commander, post-commander, junior vice-department 
 commander and department commander. He is also a member of the 
 military order of the Loyal Legion, U. S., commandery of the District of 
 Columbia. Is a resident of Cumberland, Md. 
 
 CHARLES BENT. 
 
 Was born in Chicago, Ills., Decembers, 1844; in May, 1856, removed 
 with his family to Morrison, Whiteside County, Ills. , where he has since made 
 his home. In June, 1858, was apprenticed to learn the printing business in 
 the office of The Whiteside Sentinel, and after finishing his term of ser 
 vice occupied the position of workman in the same office. In June, 1864, 
 enlisted in the i4oth Illinois, and was mustered out by conclusion of term 
 of service October 29, 1864; re-enlisted February 2, 1865, in the 147^1 
 Illinois, which was attached to the ist Brigade, 2d Division, Army of the 
 Cumberland, and was honorably discharged at Savannah, Ga. , January 20, 
 1866; served respectively as sergeant, ist sergeant, and 2d lieutenant; 
 returned home and again engaged in the printing business and in July, 
 1867, purchased the office and has since been (except from February, 1877, 
 to March, 1879, during which time he was engaged in writing and pub 
 lishing a history of Whiteside County) and is at the present time, editor and 
 proprietor of The Whiteside Sentinel; is a charter member of Alpheus 
 Clark Post, No. 118, G. A. R., Morrison, Ills., has several times been the rep 
 resentative of the post to the State encampment, and has been a member 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 225 
 
 of the staff of the commander of the department of Illinois. In civil life 
 has held the following positions: Assistant assessor of internal revenue in 
 the 3d collection district of Illinois, from December, 1870, until the office 
 of revenue assessor was abolished in 1873; alderman of the city of Morri 
 son, 1870-72, 1875-77; member of the board of education, 1877-84. In 
 November, 1878, was elected to the State Senate from the nth District, 
 comprising the counties of Carroll and Whiteside, for the term of four 
 years. In April, 1883, was appointed by Governor Hamilton a member of 
 the State Board of Canal Commissioners for the term of two years, and 
 was president of the board during that time. At the Republican State 
 Convention of 1886 was elected a member of the State Central Committee 
 to represent the 7th congressional district, and is a member of the execu 
 tive and finance committees. All the male members of his family were 
 in the army, his father, Alphonso Bent, being a member of Company H, 
 5th Missouri Cavalry, and dying while in service, of typhus fever, at 
 Waynesville, Mo., June u, 1863; and his brother, Geo. R. Bent, being a 
 private in Company F, 93d Illinois Infantry. 
 
 JOSEPH W. HARRISON. 
 
 Was born November 13, 1837, in Charleston, S. C. ; has been by 
 occupation a cook, steward, waiter, and porter; is at present a Pullman 
 car porter; enlisted in August, 1864, in the U. S. Navy and served as 
 captain s cook on board the U. S. steamer Paul Jones in the West Gulf 
 Squadron; was honorably discharged in May, 1867. Comrade Harrison is a 
 member of Lyon Post, G, A. R., of Oakland, Cal., and a resident of San 
 Francisco. 
 
 DAVID CLARK. 
 
 Was born August 9, 1837, in New Haven, Conn.; has been and still 
 is a seaman. Enlisted in the U. S. Navy, and has been continuously in 
 the service since June 3, 1855; ^ s at present attached to the U. S. receiv 
 ing ship Independence; during his thirty-one years service he has filled 
 the positions of gunner s mate, boatswain s mate, and other petty officer 
 ratings; during the war served in the brig Perry, the liienrille, and the 
 gunboat Fox; was in the engagement at Mobile Bay, June 4, 1861; was 
 in the brig Perry at the time of her engagement with and her capture of 
 the Confederate privateer Sctvannali (letter of marque) Captain Baker, 
 with the \xtag Joseph^ of Rockland, Me., which she had herself captured 
 that day, after an exciting chase of eighteen hours duration; the crew and 
 officers of the privateer were taken to New York and tried, and although 
 
 p 
 
226 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 defended by the eminent lawyer Charles O Connor, were condemned to 
 death; the battle of Bull Run occurred shortly afterwards, and Jefferson 
 Davis threatened that if these men were executed he would retaliate by 
 execiiting an equal number of the most distinguished prisoners taken at 
 Bull Run, their lives were consequently saved. Comrade Clark at present 
 holds the position of armorer in the U. S. Navy, and was present and 
 paraded with Farragut Post, G. A. R., of Vallejo, Cal., at the twentieth 
 national encampment parade in San Francisco. 
 
 SAMUEL IRWIN GIVIN. 
 
 Was born in County Antrim, Ireland, April 18, 1833. His occupations 
 in life have been various. Has been a carpenter and builder, a carpenter s 
 mate in the United States Navy, a policeman, and at present is the 
 general superintendent of the Electro-Pneumatic Transit Company, in 
 Philadelphia, Pa. Enlisted in 3d Pennsylvania Artillery, September i, 
 1862, and at the expiration of term of service assisted in raising the 
 1 88th Pennsylvania Volunteers. Served in all the grades from private 
 to colonel, to which last he was promoted November i, 1865, having in 
 the month of March previous been brevetted to that rank for gallant and 
 meritorious services. Belonged to the gth, loth, i8th, and 24th Army 
 Corps, and was in the numerous battles and engagements of those corps, 
 including campaigns in Virginia, North and South Carolina; was wounded 
 and taken prisoner in the battle of Cold Harbor, but escaped; mustered out 
 of service, with his regiment, December 23, 1865. Is a member of U. S. 
 Grant Post, G. A. R., at Philadelphia, Pa. ; is a past post commander, has 
 been junior vice-department commander, senior vice-department com 
 mander, assistant quartermaster-general, and department commander of 
 Pennsylvania, to which last position he was unanimously elected. 
 
 CHARLES MYRON HOI/TON. 
 
 Was born in the town of Potter, Yates County, N. Y., and is by 
 profession a lawyer ; at present is the editor and publisher of the 
 Yakima Republican, W. Ty. ; graduated at Hamilton College, N. Y. 
 Enlisted in Company A, yth Michigan Cavalry, September 4, 1862. 
 Served as ist sergeant, promoted to 2d and ist lieutenant, being mus 
 tered out with the latter rank at Fort Leavenworth, Kas. , June 17, 
 1865. Belonged to the ist Brigade, ist Division, Cavalry Corps, Army 
 of the Potomac. Was in the battles of Boonsborough, Falling Waters, 
 Hagerstown, the Wilderness, Glen Allen, Richmond, Trevillian Station, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 227 
 
 Winchester, Cedar Creek, and engaged in many cavalry skirmishes. Was 
 taken prisoner in a skirmish near Borea Church, Va., confined in Libby 
 Prison, Va., and on Belle Island; as soon as exchanged, rejoined the 
 Cavalry Corps. Was aid to General Cnster, and after that on staff duty 
 until mustered out ; is a member of Meade Post, G. A. R. , at Yakima, 
 W. Ty., his place of residence ; has been adjutant, officer of the day, 
 post commander, and is at present department commander of Washington 
 Territory. 
 
 HORACE BELL. 
 
 Was born in New Albany, Ind., December n, 1830; was reasonably 
 well educated, being a law student when the California gold fever broke 
 out; came to California in 1850 and became a miner; afterwards engaged 
 in the publication of a newspaper in San Francisco. In 1853 became a 
 State Ranger, and served for two years during the exciting times in 
 Southern California; published an interesting book, which had quite an 
 extensive sale, entitled "Reminiscences of a Ranger; or Early Times in 
 Southern California." In 1856 went to Nicaragua in the Walker expedi 
 tion, and served throughout that sanguinary and unfortunate war of two 
 years duration. When Fort Sumter was fired upon, comrade Bell, then 
 a resident of Los Angeles, Cal., and on his way overland, had nearly 
 reached Fort Smith, Ark., he immediately changed his route for Wash 
 ington city, to offer his services to the Government. Stopping at Indian 
 apolis, he found the 6th Indiana Volunteers in process of organization, 
 joined it and became drill-master for the officers. After the battle of 
 Philippi, W. Va., in which he participated, he was commissioned to 
 organize a company of scouts, and as commander of such served through 
 the campaign. After the completion of his service in West Virginia he 
 went to General Grant in Kentucky, and served as a scout till after the 
 battle of Shiloh, then going to General McClellan, to which officer he 
 rendered such vahiable service that he was complimented by that general 
 with a special letter to the Secretary of War. About the time the Banks 
 expedition left New York comrade Bell was sent on secret service to 
 Havana a very delicate matter, in which he acquitted himself with 
 credit, and reported to General Banks at New Orleans. He was then 
 commissioned as captain, Company B, 2cl Louisiana Cavalry. When 
 General Banks was cut off at Red River, and had not been heard of for 
 fourteen days, the captain volunteered to carry a message from General 
 Canby, at the mouth of the Red River, to Banks, whose whereabouts 
 was unknown. The purport of the message was that Banks should fight 
 his way out; Canby would meet him at some point on the Atchafalaya 
 
228 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 and help him cross the river. The captain had not proceeded more than 
 a mile from the Union camp before he was captnred, dismounted, and 
 made to march all day under guard between two mounted cavalrymen. 
 Crossing Yellow Bayou in a flat, one of the guards laid down his carbine 
 to help man the boat. Bell seized the carbine, knocked the armed guard 
 overboard, and compelled the other to push the boat back, then mounted 
 one horse and rode off leading the other, meeting and evading small par 
 ties of rebels as best he could; an hour after sunrise the next morning 
 from the time he escaped the message to General Banks was duly deliv 
 ered. From thence to the close of the war he was attached to the staff of 
 General Canby, and had full charge of all scouting service for the terri 
 tory west of the Mississippi and soiith of Red River; was honorably dis 
 charged from service September 30, 1865. Is a member of Frank Bartlett 
 Post, G. A. R., at Los Angeles, Cal., where he resides; is post commander, 
 and now serving as such his third term. 
 
 WM. W. TYSON. 
 
 Was "born in Baltimore, Md., August i, 1834, and has been by occu 
 pation an engineer; is at present the commander of the Pennsylvania 
 Soldiers and Sailors Home at Erie. Enlisted in Company A, 45th Penn 
 sylvania Volunteers, and mustered as ist sergeant September 6, 1861; 
 commissioned ad lieutenant December 2, 1861; promoted to ist lieu 
 tenant August 17, 1862, and captain September 25, 1862; assigned to 
 Howard s brigade, Casey s division, Army of Potomac, October 28, 1861; 
 ordered to South Carolina and assigned to General Thomas W. Sherman s 
 command December 6th; on duty at Bay Point, Fort Walker, Mosquito 
 Creek, occupation of James Island and Secessionville, S. C. ; then at New 
 port News, Va., and assigned to ist Brigade, ist Division, gth Army Corps; 
 took part in destruction of bridges at Potomac Creek, Brooks, and stores 
 at Acquia Creek; superintended the forwarding of all trains from Frederick 
 City, Md., to the Army of the Potomac during the Antietam campaign; 
 was in the battles of South Mountain, Antietam, and Fredericksburg; 
 had charge of transportation of military stores of gth Army Corps from 
 Newport News to Covington, Ky. ; was at the siege of Vicksburg; the 
 engagements at Big Black River, Hall s Cross-roads, and Jackson, Miss. ; 
 served as inspecting officer ist Division, gth Army Corps, from August, 
 1863, to April, 1864; in action at Blue Springs, Tenn., Lenoir, Louden- 
 ville (wounded slightly in foot), Campbell Station, Kingston, and defense 
 of Knoxville; acting assistant engineer in destruction of bridge across 
 Holston River, and in erection of Fort Sanders and other fortifications at 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 229 
 
 Knoxville; present in the battles of Fort Sanders, Ream s Station, Clinch 
 Church, and Elaine s Cross-roads; appointed inspecting officer 4th Divi 
 sion, 9th Corps; took part in the Wilderness campaign; at Cold Harbor, 
 Petersburg, mine explosion, and battle of Crater, Weldon Railroad, and 
 Poplar Springs Church. Mustered out October 20, 1864, by reason of 
 expiration of term of service. Has been captain in the igth Regiment 
 National Guards of Pennsylvania; major in the same regiment; major and 
 ordnance officer, 3d Brigade National Guards, Pennsylvania, staff of General 
 Beaver. Was employed in the United States internal revenue service in 
 1866; street commissioner Allegheny City for three years; sealer of weights 
 and measures Allegheny County three years, and superintendent of iron 
 foundry until February, 1886, when he was elected commander of the 
 Pennsylvania Soldiers and Sailors Home. Is a member of Abe Patterson 
 Post, No. 88, G. A. R., at Allegheny City, Pa.; has been senior vice- 
 commander, officer of the da}-, adjutant, and post-commander three years; 
 senior vice-department commander and department commander in 1874; 
 was for twelve years on the State committee, Soldiers Orphans Schools, 
 Pa., and on post committee thirteen years. 
 
 OLIE W. HOLCOMB. 
 
 Was born November 21, 1843, i n Blekin, Sweden; has been and is 
 at present a farmer; came to this country when nine years old; enlisted 
 December 28, 1863, in Company E, of the 83d Illinois Regiment, and 
 served as a private; was attached to the 2Oth Army Corps; took part in 
 the battle south of Nashville, Tenn. ; was honorably discharged at Fort 
 Donelson Ma}- 27, 1865; was sick in the hospital for ten months previous 
 to discharge, which was on account of physical disability. His father was 
 killed in the service November 10, 1863. Comrade Holcomb is a member 
 of Gettysburg Post, G. A. R., of Northborough, Page County, la., where 
 he resides, and holds the position of sergeant-major. 
 
 EBEN C. FARLEY. 
 
 Was born in Berrien County, Mich., May 20, 1844; has been a clerk, 
 and is a farmer. Came to California with his father in 1854, and located 
 at Alvarado, Alameda County. Enlisted in Company C, 8th California 
 Infantry, November 23, 1864, and served as a private; was on duty in the 
 military department of California; mustered out of service October 26, 
 1865. Was deputy county clerk of Alameda County for several years, and 
 during a portion of the time clerk of the board of supervisors. In 1881 
 
230 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 bought his present fruit ranch in Los Gatos; set out an orchard and vine 
 yard, and removed there in January, 1882, where he has since resided. 
 In January, 1883, was appointed under sheriff of Santa Clara County, 
 reappointed in 1885, and still holds the position; is a member of E. O. C. 
 Ord Post, No. 82, G. A. R., at Los Gatos, and is at present the post 
 commander. 
 
 JOHN B. DENNIS. 
 
 Was born of old Puritan and patriotic stock. His ancestors on both 
 sides have taken active and honorable parts in the different wars fought 
 on the soil of the United States. His mother was first cousin to Commo 
 dore Oliver Hazzard Perry, who fought the battle of Lake Erie. 
 
 After an academic education he became a metal-worker and hardware 
 man. On April 16, 1861, he was the first to record his name in the 
 Worcester Light Infantry, which company was attached to the 6th Regi 
 ment Massachusetts Volunteers, and was with it when attacked in the 
 streets of Baltimore three days later. 
 
 He was one of six brothers who enlisted within a few days. Having 
 served over three months, was mustered out of service on Boston Com 
 mon, August 2, 1861. He immediately went to Norwich, Conn., the 
 home of his childhood days, raised a company, and was attached to 
 the yth Connecticut Volunteers, received a commission as captain, August 
 26th, and with his company was mustered into the United States service, 
 September 5, 1 86 1, for three years. The regiment, commanded by Colonel, 
 since General, Alfred H. Terry, was a part of the expeditionary corps, 
 under General T. W. Sherman, which w r as sent to South Carolina, and 
 was the first regiment to land on the soil of that State, November 7, 1861. 
 
 He followed the fortunes of his regiment through all of its desperate 
 battles, including the siege and reduction of Fort Pulaski, at mouth of 
 Savannah River, and the siege and reduction of Fort Wagner on Morris 
 Island, and Fort Sumter at entrance to Charleston, and battle of Drewry s 
 Bluff, in Virginia, receiving only slight wounds. He was captured near 
 Petersburg, Va., June 2, 1864, was confined in several rebel prisons, prin 
 cipal of which were Macon, Georgia, Charleston, S. C., where he was 
 one of the 600 placed under the fire of the Union batteries at Morris 
 Island; from there was sent to Lexington, opposite Columbia, S. C., into 
 the well-known prison-pen Camp Sorghum. 
 
 After repeated attempts to escape, in one of which he nearly lost his 
 life by the capsizing of a boat, he succeeded in reaching the gunboat 
 Nipsic, off Georgetown, S. C., December 8, 1864, reaching home Decem 
 ber 22d, and was ordered by the War Department to join his regiment. 
 
GRAND ARM* OF THE REPUBLIC. 231 
 
 Was appointed major and paymaster U. S. V., January 15, 1865. Was pro 
 moted as follows: Brevet lieutenant-colonel, colonel and brigadier-general, 
 for gallant and meritorious services. Was mustered out of sendee, 
 July 31, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Entered special service in the 
 Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, in South Carolina, 
 where he was finally mustered out of service, July 8, 1868 ; completed 
 his law studies and was admitted to the bar, passing his examination in 
 open Supreme Court. After living in Charleston until January, 1870, he 
 moved to Columbia, was twice elected to the South Carolina Legisla 
 ture from Charleston ; was four years paymaster-general of South Carolina, 
 and superintendent of the South Carolina Penitentiary. 
 
 In April, 1878, removed to Yankton, Dak., where he was in the 
 U. S. A. Quartermaster s Department for a year, since which time he has 
 been deputy collector of internal revenue. He was appointed by Gover 
 nor Ordway paymaster-general of Dakota, with rank of brigadier-general, 
 and reappointed to same position by Governor Pierce, and later appointed 
 brigadier-general commanding the National Guard of Dakota. 
 
 Comrade Dennis joined Phil Kearney Post, No. 7, at Yankton, in 
 December, 1883 ; was elected a member of the national council of 
 administration in 1884, and is now serving a second term as senior vice- 
 department commander. 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON STEWART. 
 
 Is a native of the State of Tennessee, and was born January 2, 1825; 
 by trade a painter and paper-hanger; served in the Mexican War in 1846 
 in the Tennessee Volunteers. Enlisted in Company G, 23d Illinois 
 Volunteers, March 7, 1865, and served as a private; belonged to the Army 
 of the Potomac, was present at Petersburg and at the capture of Rich 
 mond, and was honorably discharged at the latter place by reason of the 
 expiration of the war; is a member of Lyon Post, G. A. R., at Oakland, 
 Cal. , his place of residence. 
 
 AARON CORY. 
 
 Was born June 20, 1832, in Crawford County, Ohio. Has been a 
 fanner, sawyer, and filer in a saw-mill. Is at present fireman in saw-mill. 
 Enlisted August 15, 1862, in Company A of the 27th Wisconsin Regi 
 ment, and served as corporal and sergeant. Was attached to the i6th, 
 7th, and i3th Army Corps ; took part in the battles of Vicksburg, Little 
 Rock, Camden, Mobile, Spanish Fort, and Fort Blakely. Was honorably 
 discharged from the service at Brownsville, Texas, at close of war. 
 
232 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Comrade Cory is an old member of the G. A. R. Is at present a 
 member of Baker Post, with headquarters at Marshfield, Or., where he 
 resides. Has been surgeon, adjutant, junior vice-commander, senior vice- 
 commander, aid-de-camp, and commander of his post. 
 
 ALBERT V. COLE. 
 
 Was born in Huron County, Ohio, January 14, 1842; has been a 
 farmer, clerk, and merchant; is at present engaged in the real estate, 
 insurance, and collection business. Enlisted in Company C, 4th Michigan 
 Infantry, September 12, 1861; served as private and sergeant. The regi 
 ment formed a portion of the 5th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac; was 
 in the battles of Yorktown, New Bridge, Hanover, Mechanicsville, Games 
 Mills, Malvern Hill, Bull Run, Antietam, Shepherdstown, Fredericks- 
 burg, Chancellorsville, and many other engagements; was discharged from 
 the 4th Michigan Infantry in 1863, for disability, and re-enlisted the same 
 year in Company G, 6th Michigan Cavalry, General Ouster s brigade; 
 was on the Kilpatrick and Sheridan raids in 1864; wounded in a cavalry 
 fight at Haws Shop, Va. , by a pistol-shot, which shattered his left arm so 
 badly as to require the removal of four inches of bone; was over six 
 months in hospital at Washington city. Honorably discharged from ser 
 vice July 6, 1865; removed to Nebraska in 1871; has been county com 
 missioner of Adams County, and is at present a member of the Nebraska 
 Legislature; is a member of Geary Post, No. 81, G. A. R., at Juniata, 
 Adams County, Neb., his place of residence; has been post commander, 
 junior vice-commander of department, and department commander. 
 
 EDWIN C. BEACH. 
 
 W T as born in Houma Parish, Terre Bonne, La., September 12, 1841; 
 has been engaged in railroading since 1858; is so engaged at the present 
 time. Enlisted August 16, 1861, in the iStli U. S. Infantry; was made 
 sergeant August 17, 1861 ; was drill-sergeant at Camp Thomas for a long 
 time; went to the field with the regiment in November, 1864, as ist ser 
 geant of Company A, ist Battalion; was recommended for commission in 
 regular army on account of meritorious conduct in action at Stone River 
 and subsequent engagements; was promoted to sergeant-major in April, 
 1864; in June, 1864, was ordered to report to the Board of Examiners at 
 Washington for commission in regular army, but preferred to remain and 
 finish the Georgia campaign ; was honorably discharged near Atlanta, Ga. , 
 August 1 6, 1864. During this three years service was attached to the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 233 
 
 Regular Brigade, i4th Arm} Corps, Army of the Cumberland; took part 
 in the following engagements: Siege of Corinth, battles of Perry ville, 
 Stone River, Hoover s Gap, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Dallas, Resaca, 
 Kenesaw Mt., and the Georgia campaigns; was slightly wounded by saber 
 cut in nose while scaling the breastworks at Mission Ridge; was captured 
 at Stone River on the night of December 31, 1862, while in charge of an 
 unarmed detachment sent out with stretchers to bring in the wounded 
 from the battle-field, and notwithstanding his protest against being made 
 a prisoner while engaged in such an humane pursuit, was marched off to 
 jail at Murfreesboro ; on the evacuation of that place was transferred 
 to Chattanooga, and thence to Atlanta, and later on to Montgomery, Ala.; 
 was then sent back to Atlanta, and finally to Richmond, Va. ; after about 
 one month s stay in Libby Prison was sent to City Point on parole, and 
 soon after exchanged. Comrade Beach is a charter member of J. C. 
 McCoy Post, G. A. R., of Columbus, Ohio, where he resides; has been 
 senior vice-commander of J. M. Wells Post, of Columbus, Ohio, and com 
 mander of same one term each ; served as recording secretary of the 
 Ohio Association of Union ex-Prisoners of War one year, treasurer of 
 same for three years, and as president one year. Is a member of Sur 
 vivors of Regular Brigade, i4th Corps, Army of the Cumberland, and 
 State Fencibles Association of Ohio. 
 
 JOSIAH P. DRY. 
 
 Was born in Alleghany County, Pa., May 4, 1840, and is by profes 
 sion a school teacher; at present engaged in farming; w r as partly educated 
 at the academy in the town of Irwin, Westmoreland County, Pa.; in 1854 
 with his parents removed to the neighborhood of Crestline, Ohio, where 
 he worked on a farm in the summer and in the winter attended the district 
 school. In 1859 taught school, and in 1860 made another move with his 
 parents to Wyandot County, Ohio, where he has, with the exception of the 
 time he was absent in the army, ever since made his home. In the fall of 
 1860 entered Heidelberg College, at Tiffin, Ohio, completing the course of 
 studies and graduating in June, 1862; teaching school in winter to defray 
 his collegiate expenses and keeping up with his class by private study 
 after school hours. Enlisted in Company F, i23d Ohio Volunteers, 
 August 17, 1862, and served as private and color- bearer; belonged in the 
 course of his service to different corps; at one period his regiment formed a 
 portion of the ist Brigade, ist Division, Army of West Virginia; at another 
 belonged to the ist Brigade, ist Division, 8th Army Corps, and towards 
 the close of the war was attached to the ist Brigade, 2d Division, 24th 
 
234 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Army Corps; was engaged in the battles of Kernstown, Winchester, and 
 Stevenson Depot, in which last action, June 15, 1863, he was captured and 
 was confined as a prisoner of \var in the tobacco warehouse prison at 
 Richmond, Va. , and afterward at Belle Island; was paroled, then exchanged, 
 and rejoined his regiment in the field in December, 1 863, and took part in 
 the battles of New Market, Piedmont, Lexington, Lynchburg, Salem, 
 Halltown, Snicker s Gap, at Winchester twice again, Fisher s Hill, Cedar 
 Creek, Hatcher s Run, assault on Fort Gregg, Petersburg, High Bridge, 
 Farmville, and present at the surrender of General Lee at Appomattox. 
 He was mustered out of service at Richmond, Va. , June 12, 1865, and on 
 returning home resumed the profession of school teaching, to which for 
 twenty years he has devoted himself. During this time he organized the 
 Wyandot County Teachers Association, being five years its secretary and 
 three years its president; was also for seven years member of the Board of 
 Examiners and for four years its president; prepared himself for the legal 
 profession, but owing to poor health and limited means abandoned it; is the 
 author of Belle Berkclev* s Revenge, a military drama of much merit, 
 and a work on the English language. Comrade Dry is a charter member 
 of Robbins Post, No. 91, G. A. R., department of Ohio. Served one year 
 as junior vice-commander, and is at present serving a second term as post 
 commander; has represented his post at department encampments at 
 Zanesville, Akron, and Cleveland, and was a delegate to the national 
 encampment at Portland, Me., in June, 1885. lie resides on a farm near 
 Upper Sandusky, Wyandot County, Ohio. 
 
 JAMES DANFORTH THOMPSON. 
 
 Was born in Fredonia, N. Y. , September 19, 1832; w r as educated at 
 the academy in his native town; studied law, but his health failing engaged 
 in railroading for a few years in Ohio, and then went to Iow r a, locating in 
 Hardin County. Resuming the profession of law was elected prosecuting 
 attorney of that county in 1854, and in 1857 was elected judge of the dis 
 trict court for a term of four years. In May, 1861, engaged with others 
 to raise an independent regiment of cavalry, each officer and private own 
 ing his own horse and equipments. Tendered the regiment to the general 
 Government; it was accepted, and known as the ist Iowa Cavalry. Com 
 rade Thompson was mustered in as captain of Company G, July 31, 1861; 
 became major 8th Iowa Cavalry in September, 1863, and was brevetted 
 lieutenant-colonel for gallant and meritorious conduct; commanded the 
 cavalry battalion in the fight at Milford, Mo., in which 1,300 of the rebel 
 forces were captured. Fought Poindexter at Silver Creek, and after a 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 235 
 
 long pursuit of General E. W. Price and Colonel Dorsey, succeeded in 
 capturing them and others, though the main command of 600 escaped by 
 crossing the Missouri River. Commanded at White Sulphur Springs, 
 Tenn., in 1863-64; was on military commission at Nashville in spring of 
 1864, and joined General Sherman s army at Cleveland, Tenn., in May. 
 Was with the cavalry under General McCook around Buzzard s Roost, and 
 on the raid to Rome, Ga. ; on return was sent to hospital at Nashville, and 
 on surgeon s certificate of permanent disability, given after examination 
 by a medical commission, was sent home in July, 1864, and discharged 
 the service. Was appointed U. S. pension agent at Des Moines, la., in 
 1867, for the term of four years. Removed to California in 1875, where 
 he has ever since resided. Is a member of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., 
 at San Francisco. 
 
 ANDREW HOLLYWOOD. 
 
 Was born in Dublin, Ireland, May 8, 1843, an< ^ ^ s an examiner in the 
 U. S. appraiser s office of the custom-house of the port of San Francisco, 
 Cal. Enlisted in Company D, 4oth N. Y. Volunteers, June 14, 1861, 
 and served as a sergeant; belonged to the 3d Corps, and afterwards the 
 2d Corps, Army of the Potomac; was in the battles of Williamsburg, 
 Fair Oaks, where he was wounded in the left arm, Second Bull Run, 
 Fredericksburg, Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court-house, and 
 other engagements. Received the Kearny medal in the field for merito 
 rious conduct; was honorably discharged from service in front of Peters 
 burg, June 23, 1864; is a member of Lyon Post, G. A. R., at Oakland, 
 Alameda County, Cal., his place of residence, and has been three terms a 
 member of the department council of administration. 
 
 WILLIAM S. BOYD. 
 
 Was born in Ireland, May 2, 1836; his present occupation is that of 
 first-class fireman on the United States steamer Ranger, engaged in special 
 surveying service; was mustered into the military service of the Govern 
 ment at St. Louis arsenal, May 10, 1861, as ist lieutenant, Company K, 
 5th Missouri Volunteers, under the three months call by President Lincoln 
 for troops to suppress the Rebellion; honorably discharged August 10, 1861, 
 by reason of expiration of term of service; re-entered the army December 
 5, 1861, as captain Company A in the regiment known as Colonel Berge s 
 Sharpshooters, afterwards designated as the 66th Illinois Volunteers; it 
 was organized by General Fremont as a regiment of sharpshooters, was 
 armed with Henry repeating rifles, and each man selected for his skill as a 
 
236 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 marksman; in Sherman s campaign in 1864 the 66th was highly compli 
 mented by Generals McPherson and Logan for having held a ridge at 
 Resaca against a brigade of Confederates; it was attached to the 2d Divi 
 sion, Army of the Tennessee; Captain Boyd was a participant in the bat 
 tles of Mount Zion, Mo., Fort Donelson, where his regiment commenced 
 the attack, Shiloh, Corinth, at which he was wounded in the left arm, 
 luka, the siege and battles in the vicinity of Atlanta, capture of Savan 
 nah, Bentonville, and the other engagements of General Sherman s march 
 to the sea and through the Carolinas; was in command of the regiment 
 as senior captain during the Atlanta campaign; honorably discharged the 
 service March 30, 1865; is a member of Farragut Post, G. A. R., at 
 Vallejo, Cal. 
 
 WILLIAM ARMSTRONG., 
 
 Was born in Winnebago County, near Oshkosh, Wis. , January 13, 
 1847, and has been a farmer; his present occupation is that of lumberman. 
 Enlisted in Company B, i6th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry, March 5, 
 1864, and served as a private; belonged to the ist Brigade, 3d Division, 
 1 7th Army Corps; participated in the siege and the battles before Atlanta; 
 received a scalp wound in one of the last engagements; remained in the 
 hospital a short time, and at the earliest practicable moment rejoined his 
 regiment, which was with General Sherman in his march to the sea, and 
 remained with it until mustered out in the summer of 1865 a ^ Louisville, 
 Ky. ; came to California in 1879 an< ^ engaged in the lumber business; is 
 secretary of the Union Mill and Lumber Company at San Jose, in which 
 he is a stockholder; is a member of W. H. L. Wallace Post, No. 32, 
 G. A. R., at Santa Cruz, Cal.; resides at San Jose. 
 
 GEORGE W. CREASEY. 
 
 Was born in Newburyport, Mass., June 22, 1840, and educated in the 
 public schools of the city; learned the trade of a machinist, and at the 
 time of enlisting was studying mechanical drafting. Enlisted August 6, 
 1862, as private in Company B, 35th Massachusetts Infantry, and was 
 attached to the gth Army Corps; participated in the battles of South 
 Mountain, Antietam, and Fredericksburg, in 1862, and with the gth 
 Corps was transferred to the W T est, going with Burnside to Kentucky. 
 He was promoted sergeant and ist sergeant in 1862; went with the corps 
 to Vicksburg to reinforce Grant, participating in the siege of Vicksburg 
 and the engagements at Jackson, Miss. ; returned with the corps to Knox- 
 ville, Tenn. ; promoted ist lieutenant and stationed at Cincinnati as ordnance 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 237 
 
 officer; returned with the corps in the spring of 1864 to the Army of the 
 Potomac, and assigned as assistant adjutant-general to ist Brigade, ist 
 Division, gth Army Corps, and promoted captain; participated in the 
 battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, and North Anna River, where 
 he was taken prisoner and confined in Libby Prison, Macon, and Savannah, 
 Ga.; under fire at Charleston, S. C. , and Columbia, S. C. ; released on 
 parole March i, 1865. He was a charter member of Post 49, G. A. R., 
 of Newbnryport, Mass., and post commander in 1870-71, a member of 
 the council of administration of the department in 1879, department 
 inspector in 1880, and elected department commander in 1881. During 
 his term of department commander the Soldiers Home in Massachusetts 
 was dedicated; he was elected one of its trustees, and has been its treas 
 urer from the date of its opening, July 25, 1882. At the present time is 
 chief clerk in the collector s department at the custom-house, Boston. 
 
 ISAAC R. SHERWOOD. 
 
 Was born in Stanfordville, Dutchess County, N. Y., Augiist 14, 1835, 
 and is editor of the Toledo, Ohio, Journal. Enlisted in the i4th Ohio 
 Volunteers April 17, i86i,and served as a private for four months in West 
 Virginia, participating in the actions at Laurel Mountain, Cheat River, 
 and Carrick s Ford; received a commission as ist lieutenant in the mth 
 Ohio Volunteers; was appointed adjutant, and served in that position 
 through the Buell campaign in Kentucky; on the ist of February, 1863, 
 at the unanimous request of the field and line officers, was promoted from 
 adjutant to major; participated in Morgan s campaign and in the East 
 Tennessee campaign, commanded the skirmishers of Burnside s army on 
 the retreat from Huff s Ferry to Lenox, and commanded the regiment at 
 Huff s Ferry, Knoxville, Campbell s Station, Blair s Cross-roads, Dan- 
 dridge, Strawberry Plains, Mossy Creek, and London; promoted to lieu 
 tenant-colonel February 12, 1864, and from that time until the close of the 
 war was constantly in command of the regiment; most of the time served 
 in the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, 23d Army Corps. In the Atlanta campaign 
 participated in the battles of Rocky Face, Resaca (where he received an 
 injury in one of his ears by the concussion of a shell), Burnt Hickory, Dallas, 
 Pine Mountain, Lost Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Chattahoochie, Deca- 
 tur, Peach Tree Creek, Utoy Creek, Atlanta, Lovejoy, Columbia, Duck 
 River, Nashville, and Franklin. For gallantry at Franklin was 
 brevetted brigadier-general; was transferred to the East, and went 
 through the North Carolina campaign; passed an examination before a 
 board of officers convened for the purpose, and recommended for promo- 
 
238 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 tion and retention in the service; in consequence was made colonel of 
 1 83d Ohio Infantry, and ordered by the War Department to report to 
 Major-General Saxton for duty, according- to brevet rank, as commissioner 
 of the Freedmen s Bureau for the State of Florida. The general, how 
 ever, tendered his resignation in July, 1865, and left the service, not 
 caring to remain for any considerable length of time after the termination 
 of the war. General Sherwood served two terms as Secretary of State 
 of Ohio, 1869-70-71-72; represented the Toledo district in Congress in 
 1873-74, and served six years as probate judge at Toledo, retiring in 
 February, 1885. He is a member of Forsyth Post, No. 15, G. A. R., at 
 Toledo. 
 
 His wife, Mrs. Kate B. Sherwood, is secretary to the Board of Visit 
 ors to the Soldiers and Sailors Orphan Home at Xenia, Ohio, and a 
 prominent member of the Woman s Relief Corps. 
 
 JOSEPH TOMASECK. 
 
 Was born July 25, 1847, in Bohemia, Austria; came to America with 
 his parents the same year; is a potter by trade. Having twice previously 
 attempted to enter the army, but rejected on account of his youth, enlisted 
 August i, 1863, in the 4th Independent Battalion, Company E, Ohio Cav 
 alry Scouts, and served as a private; took part in five skirmishes; was 
 honorably discharged at Cincinnati in April, 1864. Came to California in 
 1873, and worked five years in the mines. Comrade Tomaseck is a mem 
 ber and officer of the guard of Appomattox Post, G. A. R., of Oakland, 
 Cal., where he resides; is at present the superintendent of the California 
 Pottery Company. 
 
 CHARLES E. McCOY. 
 
 Was born in Bangor, Me., December 9, 1847; has been a stone-cutter, 
 a fanner, and was for seven years a city policeman in Bangor; his present 
 occupation is lumberman. Enlisted in Company I), ist Maine Cavalry, 
 January 4, 1864; served as a private, and belonged to Kilpatrick s brigade, 
 afterwards commanded by Gregg, and Charles H. Smith s in Sheridan s 
 cavalry corps. Enlisted at the age of sixteen, was in battle one month 
 afterward and in active service almost continually; took part in Kilpatrick s 
 raid to Richmond, Va., in February, 1864, in the battles of Winches 
 ter, Pleasant Hill, Wyatt Farm, Stony Creek, Dinwiddie Court-house, 
 Hatcher s Run, Gravelly Creek, Boydton Road, Reams Station, Five Forks, 
 Farmersville, Sailors Creek, Weldon Railroad, and Appomattox Court 
 house, besides numerous skirmishes; was captured in June, 1864, while 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 239 
 
 on a raiding part}- in King- and Queen County, Va. , by a portion of Colonel 
 Mosby s Confederate command, and paroled on the field; parole rejected 
 by War Department, and he was sent for a time to dismounted cavalry camp 
 Stoneman, near Washington city ; ordered from thence with the other dis 
 mounted men to Shenandoah Valley for service in General Sheridan s 
 campaign; rejoined his regiment before Petersburg in the fall, and was 
 with it in all subsequent engagements. Mustered out August i, 1865. 
 After the war served six years in the Maine Volunteer Militia, in which he 
 was a sergeant; was a member of B. H. Beale Post, G. A. R., of Bangor, Me., 
 and officer of the guard; is now on transfer card, a memberiof Phil Sheridan 
 Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal., his place of residence, and where he is 
 employed in the Union Mill and Lumber Company. 
 
 DANIEL D. TRIPP. 
 
 Was born June i, 1833, in New Bedford, Mass.; is a butcher by occu 
 pation. Enlisted August 20, 1862, in Company A of the 4ist Massachu 
 setts Regiment and served as a private; was attached to the iQth Army 
 Corps; transferred to 3d Massachusetts Cavalry, and finally to 3d Regiment 
 Veteran Reserve Corps; was present at and took part in the siege of Port 
 Hudson and Irish Bend; was honorably discharged July 25, 1865. Com 
 rade Tripp is a member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., of Stockton, Cal., where 
 he resides. 
 
 THOMAS M. SHANAFELT. 
 
 Was born in Brinkerton, Clarion County, Pa., April 30, 1840, and is a 
 Baptist minister. Graduated at the university at Lewisburg, Pa., now 
 known as Bucknell University, in 1861. Enlisted as a private in the 28th 
 Pennsylvania Volunteers in 1862, and served as such until the regiment 
 was mustered out at Harrisburg, Pa. Towards the close of the war was 
 offered a commission as chaplain by President Lincoln, but declined. After 
 his discharge from military service, completed his theological studies, 
 graduating from Crozer Theological Seminary at Chester, Pa. Entering 
 the Baptist ministry, was ordained at Muncy, Pa. In 1867 removed to 
 Michigan, where he has ever since been engaged in the active duties 
 of the ministry; has held highly responsible positions in his denomina 
 tion, having been secretary and treasurer of the Michigan Baptist Educa 
 tion Societv, member of the Board of Trustees of Kalamaxoo College, 
 
 * i O / 
 
 and for the last thirteen years secretary of the Michigan Baptist State 
 Convention. He has compiled a biographical record of the Baptist min 
 isters in Michigan. Became a member of Gordon Granger Post, No. 38, 
 
240 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 at East Saginaw, Mich., in 1880, and from that time until September, 
 1 885, was chaplain of the post. On removal to Three Rivers, Mich. , 
 transferred his membership to Ed. M. Prutzman Post, No. 72, of which he 
 was at once elected chaplain. At the national encampment at Minneap 
 olis, Minn., in 1884, though not a candidate from his own choice, was 
 nominated and elected chaplain-in-chief of the G. A. R. ; has been fre 
 quently elected as delegate to the State encampment, and at three of the 
 national encampments: Minneapolis, Minn., Portland, Me., and San Fran 
 cisco, Cal., has been present either as a national officer or delegate. 
 
 WILLIAM H. NYE. 
 
 Was born in Boston, Mass., September 8, 1833; was living at Fall 
 River, Mass., when the war broke out; raised Company A, yth Massachu 
 setts Infantry, at the first call for three years troops, and went out with 
 it as 2d lieutenant, commission dating June 15, 1861, promoted to ist 
 lieutenant June 26, 1862; was first in Keyes 4th Corps, afterwards in the 
 6th Army Corps; took part in the battles of Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, 
 Seven Pines, Malvern Hill, Antietam, and several other engagements; 
 resigned commission on account of physical disability, and was honorably 
 discharged December 6, 1862; came to California in July, 1863, and 
 engaged in the drug business in San Francisco; removed to Boise City, 
 Idaho, in 1865, where he continued the business of apothecary and druggist 
 until August 28, 1886, when he sold out to attend to his mining business, 
 having become an owner in the well-known Idahoan mine at Wood River, 
 Idaho. Comrade Nye was a charter member of Patrick Collins Post, No. 
 n, G. A. R., department of Utah, at Boise City, Idaho, where he resides; 
 has been senior vice-commander of post, commander, junior vice-comman 
 der of department; a member of the national council of administration; 
 is also a member of the Loyal Legion and of the Society of the Army 
 of the Potomac. 
 
 PATRICK FLYNN. 
 
 Was born in County Mayo, Ireland, May u, 1833; came at an early age 
 to the United States and settled in Chautauqua County, N. Y. ; removed 
 to his present home in Rockford, Ills., in 1859, allc ^ was engaged in mer 
 cantile business until 1862, when he entered the army; recruited two com, 
 panics of the goth Illinois Volunteers at his own expense; was commissioned 
 captain, August i, 1862, and promoted to major 90 th Illinois Volunteers, 
 March 6, 1863; belonged to the 4th Division, i6th Army Corps, and after 
 wards the 4th Division, i5th Army Corps; was in the battles of Holly 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 241 
 
 Springs, Vicksburg, Jackson, Mission Ridge, Atlanta, and all the engage 
 ments of the Georgia campaign ; commanded his regiment from November 
 23, 1863, to July 28, 1864, when he was severely wounded in battle near 
 Atlanta, from the effects of which he has lost the use of right arm; 
 honorably discharged from service at Chicago, Ills., in the summer of 
 1865; since the war has been sheriff of Winnebago County, Ills., two 
 terms, and was for some time special agent in the General Land Office at 
 Washington city, D. C. Comrade Flyini is a member of Nevins Post, 
 G. A. R., at Rockford, Ills., his place of residence, and in 1874 was 
 inspector-general of the department of Illinois. 
 
 THEODORE REPHOLT. 
 
 Was bom in the kingdom of Wnrtemberg, South Germany, Sep 
 tember, i, 1847, and is a farmer. Enlisted in Battery L, ist N. Y. Light 
 Artillery, on September 14, 1863, and served as a private; attached to the 2d 
 Brigade, ist Division, 5th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac; was in the 
 battles of White Oak Swamp, Rapidan, Rappahannock, Wilderness, Spott- 
 sylvania Conrt-honse, Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, and other engage 
 ments; in the Weldon battle was wounded by an explosion of caisson from 
 effects of shell-firing of enemy, which fractured his elbow and caused 
 partial deafness; mustered out in the summer of 1865 at Elmira, N. Y. 
 Re-enlisted in Company C, 23d U. S. Infantry, and served three years; 
 assisted in bringing in the Pi-Utes in Oregon and Nevada; wounded in 
 the face by an arrow in an Indian fight; discharged August i, 1868, in 
 consequence of expiration of term of enlistment; is a member of Corinth 
 Post, G. A. R., at Marysville, Cal., and resides near Ynba City, Slitter 
 Comity, Cal. 
 
 VITALIS S. RUNNELS. 
 
 Was born in Licking County, Ohio, May 14, 1845; n ^ s occupation 
 has been farming and stock-raising. Enlisted in May, 1864, in Company 
 D of the 1 36th Regiment of Ohio National Guards, called out for one 
 hundred days on account of the emergencies of public affairs; served as a 
 private; was a portion of the garrison of the defenses of Washington city; 
 at the end of this service, enlisted September 3, 1864, in Company C, 
 47th Ohio Veteran Volunteers, 2cl Brigade, 2d Division, i5th Army Corps; 
 was in the battles of Fort McAllister and the other engagements of Gen 
 eral Sherman s march to the sea, and through South and North Carolina; 
 was shot in the right side at Fort McAllister, but the ball passing through 
 his cartridge-box was so deadened in force that it did not penetrate, as it 
 
242 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 otherwise would have done, sufficiently deep to make the wound mortal; 
 was sent to Beaufort, S. C., where he laid in hospital four months; rejoined 
 regiment at Raleigh, N. C. ; marched with it to Washington city and par 
 ticipated in the grand review; went then to Kentucky, and from there to 
 Little Rock, Ark. ; at Hickman, Ky., was shot by a sharpshooter, on bank 
 of the river, through the right leg, fracturing the bone; was mustered out 
 of service September 6, 1865. Is a member of Riverside Post, G. A. R., 
 at Riverside, Cal., of which place he is a resident. 
 
 CHARLES EATON. 
 
 Was born in Chittenden County, Vt., September 15, 1842; is a farmer 
 by occupation. Enlisted in September, 1861, in Company C of the 8th 
 Vermont Infantry, and served as a private; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 
 3d Division, i9th Army Corps. Active service commenced at Ship Island; 
 was on the expedition to and the capture of New Orleans; did garrison 
 duty at various places in Louisiana; was in the battle of Bayou Tasche, 
 and other engagements during Banks expedition up Red River; was 
 present at the siege of Port Hudson; being transferred to Washington, 
 took part in Sheridan s campaign in the Shenandoah Valley, and after 
 wards was in the fortifications around Washington until mustered out at 
 the end of the war. Comrade Eaton resides at Sacramento, Cal., and is 
 a member of Sumner Post, G. A. R. , at that place. 
 
 MOSES M. BANE. 
 
 Was born in Athens County, Ohio, November 30, 1826; moved to 
 Adams County, Ills., from Columbus, Ohio, in 1849, a f ter graduating at 
 Starling Medical College; was twice elected to the Illinois State Legisla 
 ture from Adams County before the war. Raised; and was commissioned 
 colonel, 5oth Illinois Infantry, which regiment was mustered into the 
 service of the U. S. August 20, 1861; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 2d 
 Division, i6th Army Corps, Army of the Tennessee; was in the battles of 
 Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Tuscumbia, Ala. , Lay s Ferry, Resaca, 
 and Rome. Ga.; lost his right arm at the battle of Shiloh; during the year 
 1864 commanded a brigade until the effects of wound and broken health 
 compelled his resignation in August, 1864; has held since the war the 
 offices of assessor of internal revenue, special agent of the Treasury Depart 
 ment, commissioner of Joliet penitentiary, Ills. , secretary of the Territory 
 of Utah, Receiver of Public Moneys in U. S. land office at Salt Lake City, 
 from whence, after expiration of second term of office, went to Spokane 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 243 
 
 \ 
 
 Falls, Washington Territory, where he was appointed by the governor a 
 member of the Board of Commissioners to bnild the Territorial Penitentiary, 
 which position he resigned in July, 1886, prior to returning to his old home 
 at Quincy, Ills., his present place of residence. The loss of his arm incapa 
 citating him for the practice of surgery, comrade Bane studied and adopted 
 the profession of law, in which he is now engaged. He was one of the 
 earliest members of the G. A. R., joining the post established by Dr. 
 Stephenson, the founder of the organization, at Springfield, Ills. ; was a 
 member of the James B. McKean Post, G. A. R., at Salt Lake City, 
 commander and medical director department of Utah, and a member of 
 Sedgwick Post, G. A. R., at Spokane Falls, Washington Territory. 
 
 BENJAMIN F. BRANNAN. 
 
 Was born in Brownstown, Jackson County, Ind. , August 8, 1833; 
 has been a farmer and hotel-keeper, and is at present a trader and specu 
 lator, being unable on account of ill-health, caused by wounds, to do any 
 severe work. Enlisted in Company F, 28th Indiana Infantry, August 5, 
 1862, and served as a private; belonged to the 2d Brigade, i2th Division, 
 and the i3th Army Corps; was in the battles of Port Gibson, Champion 
 Hills, and other engagements; was twice taken prisoner in Arkansas, 
 December i, 1862, and at Champion Hills, May 16, 1863, rejoining his 
 regiment in each case after being paroled and exchanged; was twice 
 wounded, once by a rifle-ball, which struck him on the right of his jaw 
 bone, and injured in left shoulder; mustered out of service at Indianapolis, 
 Ind., June 30, 1865; is a member of Lou Morris Post, G. A. R., at Liver- 
 more, Alameda County, Cal., his place of residence, and has been officer 
 of the guard of the post. 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON LEE. 
 
 Was born in Johnson County, Ark., April 29, 1845; nas been engaged 
 in mining, stock-raising, and farming; is at present in the milling business 
 in San Jose, Cal. Enlisted February 12, 1863,111 Company M, California 
 Battalion, which going east was attached to 2d Massachusetts Cavalry; 
 was engaged in the battles of Coyle s Tavern, Little River Pike, Aldie, 
 Rockville, Poolsville, Leesburg, Ashby s Gap, Snicker s Gap, Berry ville, 
 Gettysburg, and Dranesville; also in a number of skirmishes; taken pris 
 oner at Dranesville, sent to Richmond, Va., and from thence to Ander- 
 sonville stockade, being a year at the latter mentioned place of confinement, 
 and from insufficient and unwholesome food and exposure was afflicted with 
 
244 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 scurvy; his survival of imprisonment and attendant sufferings was consid 
 ered almost miraculous. The period of confinement lasted for over fourteen 
 months. Was finally released by termination of war, sent to Jacksonville, 
 Fla. , and thence to Parole Camp at Annapolis, Md.; mustered out at Bos 
 ton, Mass., June 5, 1865. Is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., 
 at San Jose. 
 
 SERENO B. LYMAN. 
 
 Was born in West Hampton, Mass., April n, 1832, and is by occu 
 pation a fanner. Enlisted in Company F, 2d California Cavalry, August 
 29, 1 86 1, and served as a private; entered the service in the expectation 
 of the regiment being ordered east to the seat of war instead of being 
 assigned to duty on Pacific Coast; was on provost guard and escort duty 
 and engaged in guarding and transferring Indians; mustered out on expi 
 ration of term September 24, 1864; is a member of John A. Dix Post, 
 G. A. R., of San Jose, Cal., and lives on his ranch in the Santa Crux 
 Mountains near that city. 
 
 CHARLES OSIER. 
 
 A resident of Folsom, Cal.; was born in Louisiana, October 27, 1829; 
 is by occupation a miner. Enlisted February 22, 1861, in the California 
 Battalion, afterwards attached to the 2d Massachusetts Cavalry Regiment; 
 served as orderly sergeant of Company B; was attached to the Army of 
 the Potomac; was in the engagements at Fair Oaks, Antietam, and Mary 
 land Heights; was wounded by saber cut in left arm at Antietam, after 
 which, served as courier until the battle of Gettysburg, where he was 
 wounded in the left leg by a fragment of shell; in July, 1863, was dis 
 charged for physical disability; in January, 1864, re-enlisted in Company 
 B of the 2d Pennsylvania Cavalry, and served in the ambulance corps 
 until mustered out in November, 1865. Comrade Osier is a member of 
 Geo. H. Thomas Post of San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 GEORGE W. HARTMAN. 
 
 Of San Miguel, N. M., was born in Rushville, Schuyler County, Ills., 
 December 12, 1846, and previous to the war was employed in the Indian 
 trade in western Kansas. Enlisted in Company M, 6th Kansas Cavalry, 
 June 20, 1863; served most of the time on detached duty as scout and 
 guide; was in battles at Lee s Ferry, Cabin Creek, Indian Territory, 
 Prairie de An, and in all the engagements of General Steele s campaign of 
 1864; was wounded at Cabin Creek in right leg, and during his term of 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 245 
 
 service had three horses shot under him; was honorably discharged from 
 service at Fort Leave nworth, Kas., in August, 1865; is a member of 
 Thomas Post, G. A. R., at Las Vegas, N. M. ; has been assistant inspector- 
 general for the department of New Mexico, G. A. R., and was a delegate 
 to the twentieth national encampment, which met at San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 HUGH KING McJUNKIN. 
 
 W T as born in Alleghany County, Pa., October 18, 1845, an( ^ * s a 
 yer by profession; enlisted in Light Battery H, 3d Pennsylvania Artillery, 
 and served as a sergeant, belonged to the 8th Army Corps; in the battle 
 of Monocacy and other engagements; was wounded at Monocacy by a 
 fragment of shell, which struck him in left leg below the knee; honorably 
 discharged from service at Philadelphia, Pa., in August, 1865; moved to 
 Iowa and \vas elected district attorney of the 1 3th judicial district of that 
 State in 1872, serving four years in that capacity; came to California in 
 1877, served a term as assistant district attorney of the city and county 
 of San Francisco; in 1884 was elected a member of the legislature of 
 California; is a member of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of San 
 Francisco, of which city he is a resident. 
 
 C. J. DUFFY. 
 
 Was born in 1844, and is a native of the State of Pennsylvania; is 
 engaged in merchandising. Enlisted in 1863 in the i3th New York 
 Heavy Artillery ; was on detached service on gunboats Reno and Foster; 
 was in Rappahannock expedition, the battle of Fredericksburg, also in the 
 first and second expeditions and capture of Fort Fisher and Wilmington, 
 N. C. ; was discharged from service at the expiration of the war, at Castle 
 Garden, New York. Is a member of Custer Post, G. A. R. , and the 
 post adjutant, at Tacoma, Washington Territory, w r hich is his place of 
 residence. 
 
 J. PETER D. MOURIQUAND. 
 
 Was born at Beaufort, in the department of Drome, France; came to 
 the United States with his parents in February, 1859, who first settled at 
 Joliet, Ills.; from thence emigrating to Kansas; twice attempted to enlist 
 in the summer of 1861, but on both occasions was rejected by the muster 
 ing officer on account of age; finally succeeded on October 29, 1861, in 
 enlisting in the 7th Kansas Cavalry and served as a private; belonged to 
 Grierson s cavalry division, attached to i6th Army Corps; was in the 
 
246 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 battles of Coffeeville, Cold Water, Miss., Holly Springs, Oxford, Pontotoc, 
 Topelo two engagements and various other actions in Tennessee, Mis 
 souri, and Kansas badly hurt by horse falling; honorably discharged 
 from service at Fort I/eavenwortli, Kas., September 29, 1865; is a member 
 of Stone River Post, G. A. R., at Sedan, Kas., near where he resides, 
 and is engaged in farming. 
 
 DANIEL GERMAN. 
 
 Was born in Canton Berne, Switzerland, December i, 1820; came to 
 the United States in 1840; has been a farmer, miner, and manufacturer; 
 is at present settled on his fruit ranch near San Jose, Cal. Enlisted in 
 Company F, looth Indiana Volunteers, in August, 1862, and served as a 
 private; was attached to the i5th Army Corps; in the battle of Missionary 
 Ridge was three times wounded, once by a spent ball, and shortly after 
 wards by two balls almost simultaneously, involving the amputation of 
 his left arm above the elbow; was honorably discharged from service in 
 March, 1865; is a pensioner and a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R. , 
 of San Jose, Cal. ; had two brothers in the war, one of whom was killed at 
 Gettysburg. 
 
 JAMES C. FINNEY. 
 
 Was born in Franklin, Warren County, Ohio, April 14, 1847, an( ^ ^ s 
 by occupation a farmer. Enlisted March, 1863, in Company F, 8th Min 
 nesota Infantry, and served as a private; was in the campaign of General 
 Sully againt the Sioux Indians in 1863. On its return the regiment was 
 ordered to Tennessee, attached to the 3d Brigade, ist Division, 23d Army 
 Corps; was at the battle of Murfreesboro and in the various engagements 
 with the Confederate forces under General Hood, to the Tennessee River, 
 thence went via Cincinnati and Washington to North Carolina; took part in 
 the battle at Kingston, and present at the surrender of General Joe Johnston ; 
 was mustered out of service July n, 1865. Is a member of Warren Post, 
 G. A. R. , at Sacramento city, and resides near Walsh Station, Sacramento 
 County, Cal. 
 
 PETER WEST. 
 
 Was born in Berenrath, Prussia, September 10, 1840; has followed 
 various occupations as a means of livelihood saddler, hotel-keeper, justice 
 of the peace, city marshal, and United States mail contractor; is at present 
 a law student, and resides in Oakland, Cal. Enlisted in Company F, yth 
 Iowa Cavalry, September 22, 1864, and served as a saddler; belonged to 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 247 
 
 the District of the Plains, under the command of General P. Edward 
 Connor. The regiment was engaged in guarding the overland mail route. 
 Comrade West was in the fight with the Indians near Julesburg, Col., 
 January 7, 1865, in which his company lost seventeen men out of the 
 thirty-five soldiers engaged, the Indians greatly outnumbering the troops. 
 Mustered out of service at Fort Laramie in the fall of 1865; is a member 
 of O. M. Mitchell Post, G. A. R., at Reno, Nev. 
 
 AUGUSTUS BUTTERFIELD: 
 
 Was born in Watertown, N. Y., May 4, 1849, and is a farmer. 
 Enlisted in Company K, 39th Illinois Volunteers, December 16, 1863, 
 and served as a private; was attached to the loth and i8th Army Corps; 
 badly wounded at the battle of Drewry s Bluff, Va., by a bayonet wound 
 in right leg and saber cut on back of head; taken prisoner and sent to 
 Andersonville, Ga. , from which with others he endeavored to escape by 
 tunneling, but was frustrated; after nearly four months in that " den of 
 horrors," was transferred to Florence, N. C., where he remained about 
 seven months; March i, 1865, was paroled and sent to Annapolis, Md.; 
 when exchanged received a furlough for thirty days, at the expiration of 
 which he rejoined his regiment at Richmond, Va., serving in Virginia 
 until mustered out at Norfolk, December 16, 1865. Is a member of Sum- 
 ner Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., which is his post-office address. 
 
 JAMES PRIMROSE FRASER, JR. 
 
 Was born in Philadelphia, Pa., June 5, 1836; his present occupation 
 is that of moulder; has been a police officer and railroad conductor. 
 Enlisted first in Company D, 22d Pennsylvania Volunteers, April 18, 1861, 
 and served as a sergeant. After discharge, enlisted for the second time in 
 Company A, 68th Pennsylvania Volunteers, August 13, 1862, and served 
 as sergeant. His third enlistment was in Company B, igSth Pennsylvania 
 Volunteers, in which regiment he was orderly sergeant, and served until 
 the close of the war; was attached to the ist Brigade, ist Division, 3d 
 Army Corps, and to the ist Brigade, ist Division, 5th Army Corps; was 
 in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Preble s Farm, Poplar 
 Grove Church, Hatcher s Run, Five Forks, Petersburg, capture of Swell s 
 corps, and the surrender of General Lee at Appomattox; was wounded at 
 Chancellorsville; was presented on the battle-field with the medal known 
 as the "Kearny Cross" by Major-General David B. Birney, U. S. Volun 
 teers, commanding the division for gallant conduct. After being confined 
 
248 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 to the Armory Square Hospital in Washington city for over two months, 
 was transferred to the Invalid Corps and made quartermaster-sergeant, but 
 was finally discharged for disability. On recovering his health some time 
 after, re -entered the army as before stated. Comrade Fraser is a member 
 of Farragut Post, G. A. R., at Vallejo, Cal., his place of residence; has 
 been junior vice-commander, post adjutant for three years, and delegate 
 for three terms to the G. A. R. State encampment; has been for several 
 years an employe at the Mare Island navy yard. 
 
 MARCELLUS ROSS. 
 
 Was born in Pike County, Ills., November u, 1824; has been a 
 farmer, also engaged in mercantile pursuits; is at present an orchardist, and 
 resides on his ranch near San Jose, Cal. Enlisted in August, 1862, in 
 Company A, ggth Illinois Infantry; was commissioned ist lieutenant and 
 appointed adjutant; served in that capacity for about six months in the 
 department, when in consequence of a severe injury which he sustained 
 in mounting his horse, and the loss of hearing in his right ear through 
 exposure, being incapacitated for duty in the field, he felt constrained to 
 resign his commission in February, 1863. Came to California in 1881; 
 is a member of Santa Clara County Horticultural Society, and of John 
 A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at San Jose. 
 
 EMIL F. NINAS. 
 
 Was born in Germany in 1842; has been a druggist; is now an insur 
 ance agent. Enlisted May 20, 1861, in Company E of the 2d Missouri 
 Infantry, and served as ist sergeant; was attached to the 2oth and 4th 
 Army Corps; was in the battles at Pea Ridge, Perry ville, Ky. , Stone 
 River, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and through the Atlanta cam 
 paign. Comrade Ninas is a resident of Concordia, Mo. , and is a member 
 of Colonel Fred Schaefer Post at that place; has been chaplain, quarter 
 master, and adjutant of his post 
 
 JOHN D. WHITNEY. 
 
 Was born in Windham County, Vt. , July 4, 1843; nas been engaged 
 in various avocations but mostly employed in railroading, his present busi 
 ness. Enlisted in Company I, 4th Vermont Volunteer Infantry, Septem 
 ber 5, 1861, and served as a private; was attached to the 6th and gth 
 Army Corps; was in the battle of Fair Oaks and the other engagements 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 249 
 
 of McClellan s Peninsular campaign at South Mountain, Antietam, and 
 Fredericksburg; was wounded at Antietam, struck by a fragment of shell, 
 and again at Fredericksburg; after lingering some time in a hospital was 
 discharged from service in March, 1863,011 surgeon s certificate of dis 
 ability; receives a pension and is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., 
 of San Jose, Cal., of which city he is a resident. 
 
 THOMAS MARSHALL DUNEGAN. 
 
 Was born in Woodford County, Ky., July 13, 1832, and is by trade a 
 blacksmith. Enlisted in the i8th Missouri Volunteers, February 18, 1862, 
 and served as a private; belonged for a time to the i6th Army Corps, 
 afterwards to the ist Brigade, ist Division, lyth Army Corps; was in the 
 battles of Shiloh, 2d Corinth, luka, Resaca, Kenesaw Mountain, siege of 
 Atlanta, and in all the engagements of Sherman s march to the sea and 
 through the Carolinas to the surrender of General Joe Johnston ; was 
 honorably discharged March 27, 1865; is a member of George H. Thomas 
 Post, G. A. R., at Silverton, Or., and resides at Mount Angel, Marion 
 County, Or. 
 
 WILLIAM CONK LIN NEEDHAM. 
 
 Was born in Attleborough, P>ristol County, Mass., March 10, 1843; 
 was a drug clerk previous to the war, and since has been in the general 
 agency business. Enlisted in Company H, i34th Illinois Volunteers, May 
 1 8, 1864; saw active service in Kentucky, operating against bushwhackers 
 and irregular forces of the Confederates; was mustered out at Chicago, Ills., 
 October 25, 1864; came to California in 1874; is a member of John A. 
 Dix Post, G. A. R., of San Jose, of which city he is a resident. 
 
 JOHN H. RUSSELL. 
 
 Was born in Cook County, Ills., July 16, 1843. Enlisted in Company 
 F, 39th Illinois Volunteers, August 5, 1861, and as a veteran re-enlisted 
 January i, 1864; served as a private, corporal, sergeant, 2cl lieutenant, 
 and ist lieutenant; attached first to Shields Division operating in the 
 Shenandoah Valley, and afterward to the 4th, loth, i8th, 24th, and 25th 
 Army Corps. Commissioned as 2d lieutenant March 25, 1865; promoted 
 to ist lieutenant in June, 1865, and brevetted captain in 1866; was in 
 the battles of Winchester, Malvern Hill, storming of Morris Island, Fort 
 Wagner, Bermuda Hundred, Drewry s Bluff, Strawberry Plains, Charles 
 City Cross-roads, Darby town, and at the siege of Petersburg; received 
 
250 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 a flesh wound in the left arm; was regimental quartermaster during the 
 year 1865; after the surrender of General Lee at Appomattox was sent 
 with the 2oth Army Corps to Texas and was on frontier duty along 
 the Rio Grande River until February 25, 1867, when he was honorably 
 discharged from the service. Comrade Russell is a member of John A. 
 Dix Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal. , and has been its senior vice-com 
 mander; is a lawyer and engaged in the practice of his profession in that 
 city. 
 
 JAMES B. WHITE. 
 
 Was born in England, November 3, 1846; has been by occupation a 
 laborer and merchant. Enlisted October 3, 1861, in Company D of the 
 5th New York Cavalry, and served as a private; was with General Shields 
 command at the first battle of Winchester, and with Banks at Front 
 Royal and second Winchester. His company served as a battery of artillery 
 after and during the battle of Antietam, and later on as cavalry under 
 Kilpatrick at Gettysburg, and with Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley 
 until expiration of term of service and final discharge in October, 1864; 
 was wounded in the head by saber cut at Front Royal and by a bullet in 
 the right leg at Winchester. Comrade White is a member of Sunnier 
 Post of Sacramento, Cal. , where he resides. 
 
 GEORGE HENRY PETTIS. 
 
 Was born in Pawtucket, R. I., March 17, 1834; at the age of twelve 
 years entered the office of the Cataract, a newspaper published at Cohoes, 
 N. Y. ; in 1849 removed to Providence, R. I., where he followed the occu 
 pation of a printer until 1854, when he came to California; for a time was 
 engaged in mining at Garrote, Tuolumne County; was employed at his 
 trade as compositor in San Francisco from 1858 until August 16, 1861, 
 when he entered the military service of the United States as 2d lieutenant, 
 Company B, ist California Infantry; promoted to ist lieutenant, Company 
 K, ist California Infantry, January i, 1862; commissioned ist lieutenant, 
 Company F, ist New Mexico Infantry, February 15, 1865, and appointed 
 adjutant June i, 1865; was in several skirmishes with Apache and Ara- 
 pahoe Indians; brevetted captain United States Volunteers March 13, 1865, 
 " for distinguished gallantry in the engagement at Adobe Fort, N. M., 
 with the Kiowa and Comanche Indians;" was mustered out of service at 
 Santa Fe, N. M., September i, 1866; in 1868 removed from New Mexico 
 to Providence, R. I., which is now his place of residence; was for four 
 years a member of the city council; has been a member of the Rhode 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 25] 
 
 Island Legislature; was "boarding officer" of the port of Providence from 
 1878 to 1885; since whfch time has been the marine editor of the Provi 
 dence Journal. Comrade Pettis is a member of Arnold Post, G. A. R., 
 .at Providence, R. I. ; has been officer of the da}-, chief mustering officer 
 department of Rhode Island, member of the national council of adminis 
 tration, and delegate to the twentieth national encampment, G. A. R., 
 which was held at San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Was born in Marlow, Cheshire County, N. H.; was a school-teacher 
 before the war. Enlisted September 2,2, 1862, in Company B, of the i4th 
 New Hampshire Regiment; served as ist sergeant; was finally discharged 
 at Washington, D. C., in June, 1865. Comrade Knight is a charter mem 
 ber of Post No. 19, of Fitchbnrg, Mass., but moved to Middletown, Ohio, 
 in 1872, and January 31, 1883, became a charter member of Jacob Baker 
 Post, G. A. R., department of Ohio, with headquarters at his place of 
 residence, of which post he is the present commander. At present is 
 engaged in the plumbing, steam and gas-fitting business and is a pension 
 attorney. 
 
 GEORGE W. BENTLY. 
 
 Was born in Granger County, Tenn., August 16, 1838. Enlisted in 
 July, 1861, in Captain Godfrey Norton s company Missouri Volunteers, 
 called out for six months service, and again enlisted March 21, 1863, in 
 Captain James K. Martin s company of Missouri militia, assigned to duty 
 of guarding railroad and operating against bushwhackers; discharged on 
 account of enlistment September 13, 1863, in Company F, i2th Missouri 
 Cavalry; engaged in the battles of Nashville, Franklin, Columbus, and 
 Campbellsville, Tenn. ; mustered out of service at Fort Leaven worth, Kas., 
 in 1866; came to Oregon in 1873; ^ a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, 
 G. A. R., at Silverton, Or., and has been its senior vice-commander; is 
 extensively engaged in farming and hop-raising near Silverton. 
 
 JOSEPH G. MARSHALL. 
 
 Was born in Madison, Jefferson County, Ind., April 4, 1842, and 
 where he has since resided, with the exception of the time he was in the 
 army and the four years he was engaged in fanning near Tolono, Ills. ; 
 his present occupation is that of United States claim agent. Enlisted in 
 Company E, 6th Indiana Infantry, under the call for volunteers for three 
 
252 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE . 
 
 months service; was a private; re-entered after term of enlistment had 
 expired, in Company G, i3th Indiana Cavalry, in which he served as ad 
 and ist lieutenant; was attached to Department of West Virginia in his 
 first enlistment, and in the second to the ist Cavalry Division under 4 
 General Grierson, Army of the Mississippi ; was in the battles of Hunts- 
 ville, Philippi, W. Va., Nashville, Murfreesboro, Overall Creek, and at 
 Mobile; received a slight wound in left hand; honorably discharged 
 from service, December 30, 1865; is a member of A. O. Bachman Post, 
 G. A. R. , at Madison, Ind., in which he has held the position of officer 
 of the day. 
 
 ASHBURY S. DICKINSON. 
 
 Was born at Wiscasset, Me., February 23, 1847, is a moulder by trade. 
 Enlisted August 9, 1862, in Company G of the 2oth Maine Infantry, 
 and served as a private; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, 
 5th Army Corps; joined the Army of the Potomac at Arlington Heights, 
 Va., and took part in the battles of South Mountain and Antietam; 
 shared the fortunes of that army down through Virginia, was in the bat 
 tle of Fredericksburg, and took part in the celebrated mud march in the 
 winter of 1862-63; was wounded in left leg with buckshot at Ashby s 
 Gap, and in right leg by fragment of shell; took part in the battles of 
 Gettysburg, Shepardstown Ford, and Mine Run; was transferred in April, 
 1864, to the U. S. Navy, and served on board the U. S. steamer Norwich 
 as coxswain of gig; was attached to the North Atlantic Blockading Squad 
 ron; was mustered out in June, 1865. Comrade Dickinson is a resident of 
 Sacramento, Cal., and a member of Suinner Post, G. A. R. , of that place. 
 
 PATRICK MOLOUGHNEY. 
 
 Was born in Ireland in 1840; came to the United States in 1856, 
 landing at New York city. Enlisted June 30, 1860, in what was then the 
 ist U. S. Cavalry, now known as the 4th U. S. Cavalry; was serving in 
 the military department of Texas under General Twiggs at the outbreak 
 of the Rebellion; refused to join the Confederate forces or be discharged 
 from the United States service, the proposition made by General Twiggs 
 to the soldiers of his command at the time he resigned his commission and 
 entered the Confederate service; was one of the 800 enlisted men who in 
 May, 1861, marched from Texas to join the Union forces; served with his 
 regiment in goth Brigade of cavalry, in the Army of the Cumberland, 
 and in turn under the following named officers as they commanded armies 
 in the west and southwest: General Lyon, at the battles of Dry Springs 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 253 
 
 and Springfield, Mo. ; Pope at Blackwater, New Madrid, the capture of 
 Island No. 10, and at Farmington, Miss. ; Buell at Corinth and Perry ville; 
 Rosecrans at Stone River and Chickamauga; Sherman in his Atlanta 
 campaign and in all the general engagements attending it, and Wilson 
 in the last grand raid of the war and in which with 15,000 cavalry he 
 marched to Macon, Ga. , a portion of the command capturing Jefferson 
 Davis; mustered out of service, then a sergeant, June 30, 1865. Comrade 
 Moloughney was in twenty-six general engagements besides (skirmishes; 
 since the war he has been engaged for the last eighteen years in mining; 
 is a member of Phil Kearny Post, G. A. R., at Virginia City, Nev., and 
 is at present a resident of San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 MARLON G. BAILEY. 
 
 Was born in Clinton County, Ohio, May i, 1840, and is by occupa 
 tion an accountant and book-keeper. Enlisted in Company D, ad Ohio 
 Volunteers, April 17, 1861, a three months regiment. At termination of 
 service re-enlisted, and in Company F, 8ist Ohio Volunteers, August 27, 
 1861; was promoted from private to 2d lieutenant December 3, 1861; was 
 in battles of Bull Run, Shiloh, and other engagements; disabled in line 
 of duty by his horse falling with him; resigned September 5, 1862, with 
 a view of change of service to the navy. Was appointed a master s mate 
 in the navy January 9, 1863, and joined the U. S. steamer Curlew, belong 
 ing to the Ohio and Mississippi flotilla; participated in all the engage 
 ments of that vessel, and frequently in command of parties landed for 
 raiding purposes; \vas promoted to ensign and made executive officer July 
 24, 1864; subsequently transferred by request to U. S. steamer Benton, 
 iron-clad and flag-ship of Mississippi Squadron, and from thence placed in 
 command of U. S. steamer Springfield, in which he served until the close 
 of the war; was honorably discharged the service October 28, 1865. Is 
 a member of Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal., of which 
 city he is a resident. 
 
 REUBEN B. PRESSON. 
 
 Was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, August 29, 1825; h^ 8 fi rst occupation 
 was that of cooper; at present is a real estate agent and land lawyer. 
 Entered the military service August 5, 1861, as 2d lieutenant in the 28th 
 Illinois; was promoted to ist lieutenant February 25, 1862, and captain 
 Company G March 8, 1862; was first attached to Hurlbut s Brigade, i6th 
 Army Corps, then in the i7th Army Corps, and finally in the i3th Vet 
 eran Corps; was engaged in the battles of Belmont, Fort Henry, Fort 
 
254 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Hindman, Donelson, Sliiloh, Corinth, Hatchie, Vicksburg, and Fort Beau- 
 regard; honorably discharged from service at Natchez, Miss., October 7, 
 1864; has been a member of the G. A. R. posts at Stuart, la., and Tecum- 
 seh, Neb., and a post commander; is at present a resident of Haigler, 
 Dundy County, Neb.,. but purposes moving to Burlington, Elbert County, 
 Col. 
 
 M. D. BURGESS. 
 
 Was born in Canada, November 7, 1835; came to the United States 
 at the age of eighteen years, and resided at Niagara, and then at Buffalo, 
 N. Y., from thence to California, where he engaged in mining; his present 
 occupation is that of carpenter. Enlisted in Company C, 7th California 
 Infantry, October 27, 1864; served as a private for a time and was pro 
 moted to the position of quartermaster-sergeant; served in Arizona, New 
 Mexico, and Western Texas, frequently commanded scouting parties and 
 reconnoitering expeditions, volunteering for that purpose, it being out of 
 the line of his staff duties; was honorably discharged from service in 
 May, 1866; is a member of Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, 
 Cal., where he resides. 
 
 j. G. DKTURK. 
 
 Was born in Berks County, Pa., November 14, 1833, * s engaged in 
 the livery-stable business. Enlisted in Company D, 86th Indiana Volun 
 teers, September 4, 1862; commissioned as a lieutenant in January, 1863, 
 was also appointed provost marshal; belonged to the 3d Brigade, 3d Divi 
 sion, 4th Army Corps; was in the battles of Mission Ridge, Perry ville, 
 Stone River, Chickamauga, Franklin, Nashville, and in all the general 
 engagements from Ringgold, Ga. , to the capture of Atlanta; honorably 
 discharged from the service at Nashville, Tenn., in June, 1865. Is a 
 member of Frank Bartlett Post, G. A. R., at Los Angeles, Cal., his place 
 of residence. 
 
 BENJAMIN F. BRANNAN. 
 
 Was born in Brownstown, Ind., August 8, 1833, and has been a 
 farmer and hotel-keeper. Enlisted in Company F, 28th Iowa Volunteers, 
 August 5, 1862; belonged to the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, i3th Army 
 Corps, and served as a private; while on picket duty near Helena, Ark., 
 was, with twenty -five other men of his regiment, taken prisoner; was 
 exchanged, and rejoined the regiment in time to go on the Vicksburg 
 campaign; was in all the engagements, including the battle of Port Gib 
 son, from the first part of April until the i6th day of May, 1863; when 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 255 
 
 in the battle at Champion Hill he was wounded and taken prisoner for 
 the second time; at the time of exchange was almost on the verge of 
 death; when sufficiently recovered was sent up the Mississippi River to 
 St. Louis; when pronounced by a board of surgeons as unfit for field duty, 
 was ordered to Indianapolis, Ind. , and assigned to provost and detective 
 duty, on which he remained until honorably discharged July 13, 1865. 
 Came to California in 1867; is a member of Lou Morris Post, G. A. R., at 
 Livermore, Alameda County, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 JOHN EDWIN LOMBARD. 
 
 At present a resident of Portland, Or.; was born April 5, 1836, in 
 Wales, Me.; was a sea-captain from 1857 to 1882; at present a merchant 
 and marine surveyor. Entered the U. S. Navy in 1861 as an acting 
 master; served in the Atlantic and Gulf squadrons; was promoted to 
 acting volunteer lieutentant-commander for meritorious service. In April, 
 1864, resigned from the navy and took a command in the transport serv 
 ice, and so continued until the close of the war; took part in the general 
 engagements at Port Royal, Forts Jackson and St. Philip, in the Missis 
 sippi River, and several smaller battles. Comrade Lombard is a member 
 of George Wright Post, No. i, of Portland, Or.; has been an officer on 
 the staff of the department commander. Has had an extensive experience 
 at sea; has commanded some of the finest merchant vessels in the China 
 and East India trade, and in the twenty-four years of his service in com 
 mand never lost a vessel or met with any serious accident. Since 1882 
 has been in business in Portland, Or. ; in October, 1883, was appointed 
 surveyor for the San Francisco Board of Marine Underwriters, and is sur 
 veyor for Bureau of Veritas of France. 
 
 FRANK P. MONTGOMERY. 
 
 Was born in Troy, N. Y., August 27, 1850; and is by occupation a 
 teacher. Enlisted as a bugler in May, 1863, in Battery C, 3d New York 
 Light Artillery, unattached; sent to New Berne, N. C. , where it guarded 
 the river and approaches to the city; comrade Montgomery accompanied 
 the battery in several expeditions to the interior of the State; on one occa 
 sion, with a detachment of cavalry and infantry, they surprised and made 
 prisoners of a force of five hundred Confederates, with arms, equipments, 
 horses, and a large amount of military stores; was mustered out of service 
 at Syracuse, N. Y.; after a few months of civil life enlisted for the second 
 time as a general musician in the i2th U. S. Infantry; was a member of 
 
256 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the band when the regiment formed a portion of the escort at the first 
 inauguration of President Grant; was on duty at Washington city for over 
 two years, when the regiment was transferred to the Department of the 
 Pacific; honorably discharged the service April n, 1869; is a member of 
 John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal., at which city he is employed 
 as teacher in the public schools. 
 
 HENRY H. ANDERSON. 
 
 Was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, May 28, 1838; is a merchant by occu 
 pation. Enlisted in Company H, 34th Ohio Volunteers, in July, 1861; 
 served as a private and sergeant; promoted to 2d lieutenant, and Septem 
 ber i, 1861, brevetted captain for gallant and meritorious conduct; was 
 in the West Virginia campaign and in the battles of Chapmanville, Lew- 
 isburg, Raleigh, Fayetteville, Gauley, and Charleston; was slightly wounded 
 at Fayetteville, a fragment of shell striking him in the neck; had lost the 
 use of left eye, and from debility and exposure the other eye, in sympathy, 
 became so affected as to threaten him with total blindness, in consequence 
 of which he was compelled to resign in December, 1862. Came to Cali 
 fornia in 1875 and engaged in business at San Jose; is a member of Phil 
 Sheridan Post. G. A. R., at that place. 
 
 HORACE MOODY. 
 
 Was born in Kenosha, Wis., January i, 1846, and is by occupation a 
 carpenter. Enlisted in Company I, I2th Wisconsin Volunteers, in Sep 
 tember, 1864, and at once proceeded to join the regiment at Atlanta, Ga.; 
 belonged to the 3d Division, lyth Army Corps; was in the battles at 
 Orangeburg, capture of Savannah, Bentonville, Goldsboro, and the other 
 engagements in Sherman s march to the sea and through the Carolinas; 
 honorably discharged from service in May, 1865. Came to California in 
 1877, and is a member of Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R., of San Jose, of 
 which city he is a resident. 
 
 H. B. WORCESTER. 
 
 Was born in Essex County, N. Y., January 3, 1842; was engaged at 
 farming previous to his enlistment; after the war completed his education 
 at the University of Chicago, and became an accountant and general 
 adjuster; is at present the principal of the Garden City Commercial College 
 at San Jose", Cal. Enlisted in Company B, i8th Wisconsin Volunteers, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 257 
 
 September 15, 1861; served as private, corporal, and sergeant; belonged 
 to the 1 5th Army Corps; was engaged in battles of Shiloh, ist and 2d 
 Corinth, Holly Springs, and many minor actions; honorably discharged 
 from service in the spring of 1863; is a member of Phil Sheridan Post, 
 G. A. R., of San Jose, of which he is a past post commander, and is a 
 past chief mustering officer of the department of California, G. A. R. 
 
 JOHN S. MATHER. 
 
 Was born in Logan County, Ohio, November 19, 1843, all< ^ i- s v 
 occupation a miller. Enlisted in Company I, 9th Iowa Infantry, Septem 
 ber 8, 1861; commissioned 2d lieutenant November 2, 1864; ist lieutenant 
 January 5, 1865, and captain June 19, 1865; promoted for gallant and 
 meritorious services on the battle-field; was engaged in the battles of Pea 
 Ridge, Chickasaw Bayou, Arkansas Post, Jackson, Miss., siege and assault 
 of Vicksburg, Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge, Ringold, Resaca, New 
 Hope, Big Shanty, Lovejoy, Eden Station, Congaree Creek, Columbia, 
 Bentonville, all the engagements of Sherman s march to the sea and 
 through the Carolinas; served continuously for four years with his regi 
 ment, it never made a march, was never under fire without his being 
 with it; the regiment lost 247 men at Pea Ridge, its first engagement, 
 and in in the assault at Vicksburg; was under fire for fifty-six con 
 secutive days in the Atlanta campaign; it belonged to the ist and after 
 wards the 3d Brigade, ist Division, i5th Army Corps; mustered out of 
 service July 18, 1865. 
 
 At the close of the war comrade Mather was tendered a commission 
 of captain in the regular army, but having lost three brothers in the war, 
 and being the only son left his mother, on her account declined the posi 
 tion. He was for a time captain of the Jasper Grays of the Iowa National 
 Guard, which he resigned on his removal to California some ten years ago; 
 is a member of L. H. Rousseau Post, G. A. R., at Kelseyville, Lake 
 County, Cal., his place of residence; is the post commander, to which he 
 has been twice unanimously elected. 
 
 DANIEL PRICE. 
 
 Was born April 19, 1849, * n Charles County, Md. ; has been a farmer; 
 is at present a coachman ; at the outbreak of the war, being only fourteen 
 years old, left his home and followed the army, commencing at the second 
 battle of Fredericksburg; was with the 27th New Jersey Regiment, then 
 attached to the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, of the gih Army Corps; shared 
 
258 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the fortunes of this regiment in all its marches from Newport News through 
 Kentucky and back to their home; when sixteen years old, in September, 
 1864, enlisted and served as a private; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 3d 
 Division, loth Arm}- Corps, and the ad Brigade, 2d Division, 25th Corps; 
 was in the battles at Newmarket Heights, capture of Fort Hill, forts Har 
 rison and Gilmore, Deep Bottom, Fort Sedgwick, Fair Oaks, and the siege 
 of Petersburg; was present at the surrender of General Lee, after which 
 was transferred to the Department of Texas; was finally discharged Octo 
 ber 20, 1865. Comrade Price is a member of Robert G. Shaw Post, of 
 Morristown, N. J.; is quartermaster of his post, and has been senior vice- 
 commander and commander of his post; for the past thirteen years has 
 been a resident of Morristown, N. J. 
 
 MARION D. EGBERT. 
 
 Was born in Lebanon, Warren County, Ohio, June 4, 1844; is a law 
 yer and journalist; enlisted the first time in Company K, 86th Ohio Vol 
 unteers, the second time in Company A, i46th Ohio Volunteers, 2d 
 Brigade, 3d Division, gth Army Corps; was acting ordnance-sergeant at 
 Cumberland Gap in the fall and winter of 1863-64. Engaged in the 
 battle at Cumberland Gap September 9, 1863. By a powder explosion 
 November 20, 1863, lost sight of left eye, hearing of left ear, and partial 
 paralysis of left side; was discharged from service September 15, 1864; is 
 a member of Warren Post, G. A. R., at Walla Walla, W T . Ty., where he 
 resides, and is editorially connected with the Daily Journal published at 
 that place. 
 
 HENRY GEORGE HICKS. 
 
 Was born in Varysburg, Wyoming County, N. Y., January 26, 1838. 
 Prior to the war was engaged as a student in the common schools, and the 
 preparatory department of Oberlin College, and as a school-master and 
 farm-laborer. Enlisted in Company A, 2d Illinois Cavalry, July 26, 1861; 
 served as a private, sergeant, sergeant-major, and was promoted to ist 
 lieutenant and appointed adjutant October 10, 1861. Being mustered out 
 June i, 1862, as an extra lieutenant, was appointed adjutant yist Illinois 
 Infantry in August following; was transferred as adjutant to the 93d Illi 
 nois Infantry November 15, 1862; belonged to the i5th Army Corps, and 
 afterwards to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, lyth Army Corps. Participated 
 in the battles of Fort Donelson, Raymond, Jackson, Miss., Champion 
 Hills, Vicksburg, and Mission Ridge, at which last battle he was severely 
 wounded in the face by a minie-ball. Honorably discharged the service, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 259 
 
 on account of wounds, at Covington, Ky., February 28, 1864. Comrade 
 Hicks moved to Minnesota, studied law, and is now a member of the law 
 firm of Cross, Hicks & Carleton, at Minneapolis, Minn. Among- the 
 public offices he has held are: sheriff of Hennepin County, Minn., two 
 terms; city justice of Minneapolis, two terms; member of the house of 
 representatives in the Minnesota Legislature seven years, and president of 
 the Soldiers Orphans Board nine years. Having joined George N. Mor 
 gan Post, No. 4, G. A. R., department of Minnesota, in April, 1867, acted 
 as its commander for five terms; was department commander in 1868, and 
 delegate to the national encampment which met at Cleveland, Ohio, in 
 1872. The post and department went down in 1877, but comrade Hicks 
 was restored to the rank of past department commander by the national 
 encampment at Denver in 1883. He is at present a member of John A. 
 Rawlins Post, G. A. R., at Minneapolis, his place of residence. 
 
 FRANKLIN G. TRACY. 
 
 Was born in Orleans County, State of New York, February 9, 1828, 
 and is a woolen manufacturer. Enlisted in the io2d Ohio Volunteers, 
 August 14, 1862, and served as a private; belonged to the y\ Brigade, 
 4th Division, 2oth Army Corps; was in the battles of Franklin, Nashville, 
 and several lesser engagements; was mustered out of service July 4, 1865. 
 Is a member of Alfred Sully Post at Dayton, Columbia County, W. Ty., 
 of which place he is a resident. 
 
 JOHN MILTON TOBIAS. 
 
 Was born in Paris, Jennings County, Ind., June 26, 1840. When a 
 boy worked on a farm in summer, going to school six months each year; 
 was learning the trade of stone-cutter when the war commenced, after 
 wards studied medicine, and is at present a practicing physician. Enlisted 
 in Company A, i2th Indiana Volunteer Infantry, April 21, 1861, the regi 
 ment being organized for one year, but afterwards reorganized for three 
 years, when he re-enlisted, June 20, 1862. Served as a private, 2d 
 sergeant, orderly sergeant, and was commissioned ist lieutenant, August 
 i, 1864 ; commanded company most of the time until mustered out. 
 Was one year in Banks command, the second year in the i6th Army 
 Corps, and the last two years in the i5th Army Corps. Took part 
 in the engagements of Banks operations in the Shenandoah Valley, 
 Richmond, Ky. , August 30, 1862, where he was captured, but paroled 
 
260 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 after being- four days a prisoner, and in all the actions of the i5th Army 
 Corps after his regiment was assigned to it. Was shot through the 
 shoulder in the battle of Missionary Ridge, November 25, 1863. Honor 
 ably discharged from service at Indianapolis, Ind., June, 1865. Is a 
 member of Monroe Post, G. A. R., at Casey, Clark County, Ills., where 
 he resides; has been a post commander, senior and junior vice-commander, 
 and post surgeon. Was a delegate from Illinois, and attended the 2Oth 
 national encampment, G. A. R., which met at San Francisco, Cal., in 
 August, 1886. 
 
 WILLIAM SHIELDS ODELL. 
 
 Was born in Belleville, Hendricks County, Ind., September 16, 
 1843, an( l i- s engaged in prosecuting claims before the several executive 
 departments of the Government and the Court of Claims, at Washington 
 city, D. C. Enlisted in yth Indiana Volunteer Infantry, August 7, 1861; 
 served as a private and sergeant; belonged to the 2d Brigade, ist Division, 
 ist Army Corps, and afterwards to the ist Brigade, 4th Division, 5th Army 
 Corps. Took part in the battles of Greenbrier, Port Republic, Winches 
 ter, South Mountain, Antietam, Second Bull Run, Fredericksburg, Chan- 
 cellorsville, Mine Run, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Laurel Hill, Spottsylvania 
 Court-house, Bethesda Church, Cold Harbor, siege of Petersburg, and 
 other engagements. Was with his regiment in over twenty-three battles, 
 constantly with his company, never missed a march or an engagement, 
 always present for duty. Was shot through the right thigh in assault on 
 Petersburg. Mustered out September 22, 1864, by reason of expiration 
 of term of service. Is a member of Burnside Post, No. 8, G. A. R., 
 department of Potomac at Washington city, his place of residence; has 
 served as senior vice-commander, and was post commander until elected 
 senior vice department commander, which position he now holds. 
 
 ROBERT HUENCKE. 
 
 Was born in Rosenberg, Western Prussia, December 28, 1838; edu 
 cated at the military academy at Culm, Prussia, graduating therefrom in 
 1858, when he was commissioned a lieutenant in the i2th Prussian 
 Grenadiers; resigned in January, 1864, for the purpose of coming to the 
 United States and taking part in the war; landed at Portland, Me., and 
 two days afterwards, March 28, 1864, enlisted in Company G, yth Maine 
 Volunteers, serving as private and corporal; belonged to 3d Brigade, 2d 
 Division, 6th Army Corps; was engaged in the battles of the Wilderness, 
 Spottsylvania Court-house, North Anna, Pamunky, and Cold Harbor, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 261 
 
 where, on June 3, 1864, ne was wounded in left leg- by a minie-ball and 
 disabled for field duty until the following September, when he rejoined 
 his regiment at Bolivar Heights, Va. , participating in the battles of Win 
 chester, Fisher s Hill, and Cedar Creek, from thence proceeded to Peters 
 burg and took part in the siege; was at Hatcher s Run, and all the subse 
 quent engagements of the Army of the Potomac, to the surrender of 
 General Lee at Appomattox, which he witnessed; finally discharged from 
 service at Danville, Va., May 14, 1865, on surgeon s certificate of dis 
 ability from wounds received in action; is a member of John A. Dix Post, 
 G. A. R. , at San Jose, Cal. , at which place he resides. 
 
 THOMAS A. AT WOOD. 
 
 Was born in Fairfield County, Ohio, February 27, 1843; nas Deen a 
 farmer and carpenter; enlisted August 22, 1862, in Company B of the 
 25th Iowa Infantry and served as a private; was attached to the ist and 
 3d Brigades of the ist Division, i5th Army Corps; joined the army of 
 the Tennessee at Helena, Ark., in November, 1862, and was with it 
 through the campaign and capture of Vicksburg; thence to the battles of 
 Jackson, Miss., Chattanooga, and Lookout Mountain; was with Sherman 
 in his march to Atlanta, and from Atlanta to the sea, and through the 
 Carolinas to Washington, taking part in the grand review; at Resaca, Ga. , 
 was wounded in right hand; honorably discharged June, 1865. Comrade 
 Atwood is a resident of Sacramento, Cal., and a member of Sunnier Post 
 at that place. 
 
 JOSEPH CAMPBELL OLIVER. 
 
 Was born inGoshen, Clermont County, Ohio, November 3, 1836. He 
 is a graduate of Miami University, at Oxford, Ohio, and a teacher by pro 
 fession, also a botanist of much local repute. At the outbreak of the 
 Civil War was engaged in teaching, resigned his school, and enlisted in 
 Company C, Sgth Ohio Infantry, served for a short time as a private, and 
 was then promoted to orderly sergeant of his company. \Vas commissioned 
 ist lieutenant in June, 1864; belonged to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, 
 1 4th Arnn- Corps. Took part in the battles of Chickamauga, Benton- 
 ville, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, and all the principal engage 
 ments occurring in the campaign of Sherman, from Chattanooga to the 
 fall of Atlanta, and in the march to the sea, and through the Carolinas. 
 Was captured at Chickamauga, confined as prisoner of war at Belle Isle, 
 for a time in Richmond, and then at Danville, Vn. , at which place made 
 two attempts to escape by tunneling, in the last effort being, with two 
 
262 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 other comrades, successful. Reached the Union lines at Fayetteville, 
 W. Va., having crossed the Blue Ridge and Alleghany mountains, and 
 traveled thirty-two days through country occupied by the enemy. One 
 of his comrades, Private McKinnie, of his regiment, and a former pupil, 
 was recaptured near the summit of the Blue Ridge by a rebel recruit 
 ing party, and taken to Andersonville, where he died. Comrade Oliver 
 rejoined his regiment, and on the reception of his commission as ist lieu 
 tenant, bestowed for gallantry at Chickamauga and the exploit of his 
 escape, was given command of his company, which he retained until the 
 termination of the war. Mustered out of service in the spring of 1865. 
 Was post commander of Gushing Post, G. A. R., at San Buenaventura, 
 Cal., and is a member of Stanton Post, G. A. R., at Los Angeles, Cal., 
 his place of residence; holds the position in the post of officer of the day. 
 
 CHARLES W. LIVINGSTONE. 
 
 Was born in Uniontown, Pa., September 23, 1835; learned the trade 
 of a carpenter; is at present engaged in mercantile business; at President 
 Lincoln s first call for troops, volunteered and served as a private in the 
 first company leaving Uniontown; returning at the expiration of three 
 months term, joined a cavalry company then being formed, but as the 
 quota from Pennsylvania was filled, it was not accepted; the company then 
 offered its services to West Virginia, by which it was accepted, and, under 
 special orders from Mr. Cameron, the Secretary of War, was mustered 
 into service as an independent cavalry company, being the first volunteer 
 cavalry in the United States service; on the organization of the ist West 
 Virginia Cavalry, it became Company A of that regiment; it served first 
 with General McClellan in West Virginia, and afterwards with General 
 Rosecrans; was constantly on scouting duty and suffered much from bush 
 whackers; on August 30, 1862, it joined the Army of the Potomac, and 
 led the advance into Maryland; the first shots of Lee s Army were directed 
 against the company; was engaged in the battles at South Mountain and 
 Antietam, after which returned to West Virginia; in 1863 was attached 
 to a brigade of mounted infantry which penetrated the rebel lines for 200 
 miles, striking the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad at Wy theville, Va. , 
 in action at which place July 18, 1863, Lieutenant Livingstone, \vho had 
 been commissioned in March, 1863, as 2d lieutenant, ist West Virginia 
 Cavalry, after serving as private and sergeant, was wounded and taken 
 prisoner; he was shot through right thigh and calf of right leg; was con 
 fined in Libby Prison Hospital, Richmond, Va., and at other places; 
 finally exchanged and returned to company in the latter part of 1864, in 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 263 
 
 July of which year he was promoted to ist lieutenant; was attached to 
 Ouster s brigade, Reno s division of Sheridan s cavalry corps; took part 
 from the time of rejoining his regiment in all the engagements of the 
 cavalry until the surrender of General Lee at Appomattox, at which he 
 was present; mustered out at Wheeling, W. Va. , in July, 1865; was a 
 charter member, has been quartermaster, and is now post commander 
 of Will F. Stewart Post, G. A. R., at Uniontown, Pa., of which place 
 he is a resident. 
 
 L. B. LITTLEFIELD. 
 
 Was born in Bast Greenwich, R. I. , May 6, 1841, and is by occupa 
 tion a printer. Enlisted in November, 1861, in Company E, 3d Minne 
 sota Volunteers, and served as a private; was at- the first battle of Stone 
 River, July 13, 1862, where he was taken prisoner but paroled at McMinn- 
 ville, Tenn., after five days confinement; took part in the campaign against 
 the Sioux Indians in the winter of 1862-63, in their outbreak in Minne 
 sota, participating in the battle of Wood Lake; in the spring of 1863, 
 having been exchanged, was sent to Columbus, Ky. , where he served the 
 balance of his term in the Government printing-office; again enlisted and 
 in Company G, 2d U. S. Veteran Volunteers, and was appointed company 
 clerk; served in the Shenandoah Valley, belonged at one time to i6th 
 Army Corps and then to the Veteran Corps; was one of the guard at the 
 execution of the conspirators at Washington city, who were concerned in 
 the assassination of President Lincoln; was mustered out of service at 
 Brattleborough, Vt., February 14, 1866; is a member of John A. Dix 
 Post, G. A. R., Utah, where for a time he was employed as a printer in 
 the office of the Ogden Pilot daily newspaper, but is at present a resi 
 dent of Sacramento, Cal., and there engaged at his avocation. 
 
 WARREN L. JOHNSON. 
 
 Was born in Londonderry, Ross County, Ohio, March 6, 1844; his 
 occupations have been those of farmer, attorney at law, and court clerk; 
 is at present deputy circuit court clerk at Marysville, Nordaway County, 
 Mo., where he resides. At the outbreak of the Civil War was a student 
 attending Mount Pleasant Academy, at Kingston, Ross County, Ohio. 
 Enlisted as a private in Company C, 33d Ohio Volunteers, August 10, 
 1861 ; on loth of September following was appointed corporal, and on 26th 
 of same month ist sergeant of his company; belonged to the ist Brigade, 
 ist Division, i4th Army Corps; was in the battles of Perry ville, Stone 
 
264 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 River, and Chickamauga; on the ist day of September, 1863, was com 
 missioned 2d lieutenant, but before he received his commission was taken 
 prisoner at the battle of Chickamauga; was confined on Belle Isle and at 
 Richmond and Danville, Va. , Andersonville, Ga., Charleston and Flor 
 ence, S. C., and was finally paroled near Wilmington, N. C. , on the 26th 
 day of February, 1865, having been a prisoner of war seventeen months 
 and six days; was discharged from the service at Columbus, Ohio, March 
 22, 1865, by reason of expiration of term of service. While a prisoner, 
 was commissioned ist lieutenant of his regiment August n, 1864. At 
 Andersonville he was taken out of the stockade by Captain Wirtz to be 
 put in the stocks for supposed complicity in digging tunnels, but he was 
 so drawn out of shape by the scurvy from which he had suffered so 
 greatly that at one time his life was despaired of that he would not fit 
 the stocks, and was returned to the stockade; the attempt, however, 
 resulted in an injury to the lower portion of his left leg, from which he 
 has never recovered. 
 
 Comrade Johnson has published a series of articles, entitled "Life in 
 Confederate Prisons," made up from a diary kept by him while a prisoner. 
 This is perhaps the most extensive account of Confederate prisons that 
 has ever been written. He is now adjutant of Sedgwick Post, G. A. R. , 
 at Marysville, Mo. , his place of residence. 
 
 CLARK RALSTON. 
 
 Was born in Chester County, Pa., November 3, 1820; has been 
 engaged in various business pursuits, but principally merchandising. 
 Entered the army in May, 1862, as captain Company A, i25th Illinois 
 Volunteers; attached to Sheridan s division, Army of the Cumberland; 
 took part in the battles of Perryville, Stone River, and other engage 
 ments; resigned January 12, 1863, and returned to California, of which 
 State he had been a resident from 1849 to 1851. Is a charter member 
 and senior vice-commander of Hancock Post, G. A. R., at Merced, Cal., 
 \vhere he resides; also belongs to the San Joaquin Society of California 
 Pioneers. 
 
 CHARLES COFFIN BROWN. 
 
 Was born in Queensbury, Warren County, N. Y., April 26, 1841, 
 and is by occupation a barber. Enlisted in Company K, 3d Wisconsin 
 Infantry, May, 6, 1861, and served as a private; belonged to 3d Brigade, 
 3d Division, I2th Army Corps; after discharge by expiration of term of 
 service, re-enlisted in Company K, 4oth Wisconsin Volunteers, May 16, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 285 
 
 1864, and served as a sergeant; was engaged under General Banks in the 
 battles of Winchester and Cedar Mountain; in the last-named action was 
 wounded by a bullet in left arm and taken prisoner; confined in Libby 
 prison, Richmond, Va., for two months, when he was paroled and then 
 exchanged; wounded in left leg by a fragment of shell during the attack 
 on Memphis, Tenn., by the rebel forces under the command of General 
 Forrest; was honorably discharged from service, September 22, 1864; is a 
 member of Warren Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., of which city he 
 is a resident. 
 
 DAVID N. THORPE. 
 
 Was born in Napoli, Cattaraugus County, New York, October 27, 
 1826; learned the trade of carpenter and afterwards the business of drug 
 gist. Enlisted in Company I, 93d Illinois Volunteers, in July, 1862, and 
 served as a sergeant; served under General Grant in his Vicksburg cam 
 paign and w 7 as in all the battles of the siege; at Chattanooga, Altoona. 
 and in all the engagements of the i5th Army Corps to which his regiment 
 was attached under General Sherman; was in the inarch to the sea and 
 through the Carolinas and Virginia to Washington city, where he partici 
 pated in the grand review; was in twenty-eight battles, but escaped with 
 out a wound; was mustered out at Louisville, Ky., in July, 1865; is a mem 
 ber of Sumner Post, G. A. R., of Sacramento, Cal., of which city he is a 
 resident ; has been post adjutant. 
 
 HENRY OTTO DREXLER. 
 
 Was born in New York city October 24, 1839, and is by occupation 
 an engineer and machinist. At his first attempt at enlistment in the 
 military service of the United States he was rejected on account of having 
 lost the two middle fingers of his right hand and the mutilation of both 
 the others, then enlisted in 7istNew York Militia, and was mustered into 
 the State service, but rejected for physical disability on the regiment being 
 mustered into the service of the Government; was a third time rejected in 
 a partially organized volunteer regiment. In 1862 he joined Company C, 
 37th New York State Militia, called out for three months service by Gov 
 ernor Seymour and performed duty as private at Baltimore, Md. , till expi 
 ration of term; enlisted in same company and regiment in June, 1863, for 
 six months under Governor Seymour s proclamation, at the time of the 
 invasion of Pennsylvania by General Lee; was engaged in skirmishing 
 with a portion of the command of the rebel general Ewell at Oyster 
 
266 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Point, Sportsman s Hill, and again at Carlisle, Pa., arrived at Gettys 
 burg the evening before the evacuation ; was with General Kilpatrick in 
 the pursuit of the enemy, and subsequently sent with his regiment to New 
 York city, during the draft riots, to assist in restoring order; discharged 
 from service in the latter part of July, 1863; is a member of John A. Dix 
 Post, G. A. R. , of San Jose, Cal. Comrade Drexler, since his arrival in 
 California, has been employed at Mare Island navy yard, and also as 
 light-house keeper; is at present an engineer in the fire department of 
 San Jose. 
 
 FREDERICK KOSTER. 
 
 Was born in Hanover, Germain-, November 2, 1847; his occupations 
 have been those of farmer and cooper. Enlisted in the fall of 1863 in 
 Company F, 2d Minnesota Volunteer Infantry, and served as a private; 
 belonged to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, i4th Army Corps; was at the 
 battles of Nashville, Chattanooga, Kingston, N. C. , and present at the 
 surrender of General Joe Johnston with the Confederate forces under his 
 command in North Carolina, April 26, 1865; was wounded in left shoulder 
 at Chattanooga; took part in the grand review at Washington city; mustered 
 out of service June 22, 1865; is a member of Warren Post, G. A. R., at 
 Sacramento, Cal., of which city he is a resident. 
 
 P. V. WISE. 
 
 Was born in Franklin County, Ky. , June 17, 1832; his occupations 
 in life have been those of lawyer, insurance and real estate agent. At 
 the outbreak of the Rebellion resided in Memphis, Tenn., but with his 
 wife was forced to leave that place on account of his Union sentiments; 
 proceeded to Prescott, Wis. , and assisted in recruiting Company F, ist 
 Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry; was commissioned its 2d lieutenant, pro 
 moted to ist lieutenant in December, 1861, and to captain in April, 1862; 
 was in numerous engagements in Kentucky, Tennessee, and north Ala 
 bama; in the battle at Perryville, Ky., October 8, 1862, was severely 
 wounded and left on the field, reported dead; through the attention of a 
 colored man who discovered that he was still living, he was removed from 
 the field and his wounds dressed. In December, 1862, after a short fur 
 lough from the time of sufficient recovery to be able to leave the hospital, 
 he returned to duty at Louisville, Ky., and was placed in charge of the 
 secret service; resigned February 8, 1864. Re-enlisted as a private in 
 Company F, 37th Wisconsin Volunteers, on March 31, 1864, and was 
 appointed sergeant-major; assigned to command of Company K, composed 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 2H7 
 
 of Menominee Indians, shortly after which he received the commission of 
 captain of Company G, 3ist U. S. Colored Troops; went into the trenches 
 before Petersburg, and took part in all the engagements of the Army of 
 the Potomac that ensued until the surrender at Appomattox. During his 
 term of service was attached to the 4th Army Corps, i5th Army Corps, 
 and finally to the 2cl Division (Willcox s) of the Qth Army Corps. As 
 a token of their respect and appreciation of the kind manner in which 
 he treated his men, Company G presented Captain Wise with a very 
 handsome gold-mounted sword, which he values highly on account 
 of the associations connected with it. He resigned his commission 
 and retired from the service May 19, 1865. Has been senior vice- 
 commander and post commander of Lucius Fairchild Post, G. A. R., No. 
 6, Wisconsin, and senior vice-commander Custer Post, G. A. R., at St. 
 Joseph, Mo., and is at present a member and senior vice-commander of 
 Sunnier Post, G. A. R. , at Sacramento, Cal., of which city he is a 
 resident. 
 
 MILO G. GREENFIELD. 
 
 Was born in Westfield, Chautanqna County, N. Y., February 13, 1834; 
 his occupations have been those of farmer, horticulturist, and carpenter. 
 Enlisted in Company C, i /th Michigan Volunteers, June 24, 1862, and 
 served as a private; belonged to the 2d Brigade, 3d Division, gth Army 
 Corps; was in the battles of South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, 
 Knoxville, Tenn., Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court-house, North Anna, 
 Cold Harbor, siege of Petersburg, Weldon Road, and the other engage 
 ments of the corps at the final ending of the war; wounded slightly at 
 South Mountain, and again at Antietam; mustered out June 3, 1865; came 
 to California in 1873, anc ^ setted in Santa Clara County; is a member of 
 Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, which city is his place of 
 residence. 
 
 WILLIAM WADE DUDLEY. 
 
 Was born in Vermont August 27, 1842; received an academic and 
 legal education; before the war was engaged in mercantile pursuits at 
 Richmond, Ind. Enlisted July 4, 1861, in Company B of the igth Indi 
 ana Infantry, and served successive!} as captain, major, and lieutenant- 
 colonel; in July, 1863, was brevetted as colonel and brigadier-general for 
 gallantry in action; was slightly wounded at the second Bull Run battle 
 and at Antietam, also severely at Gettysburg July i, 1863, by a minie- 
 ball, the result of which was the loss of his right leg; w^as mustered out 
 of service April 30, 1864, and has since been engaged as clerk of courts, 
 
268 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 attorney at law, United States marshal for Indiana, and commissioner of 
 pensions; held the latter office from 1881 to 1885. ^ s now engaged in 
 the banking business in Washington, I). C., where he resides. Comrade 
 Dudley was a charter member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 1 7, G. A. R., 
 at Indianapolis, Ind., and was department commander of Indiana in 
 i 880-8 i. 
 
 JOSEPH J. HANDUN. 
 
 Was born in Baltimore, Md., October 2, 1842, and is by occupation 
 a foundryman. Enlisted first in the summer of 1861, in Company B, 
 Purnell s Legion, Maryland Volunteers, and served as a private; while on 
 duty clearing the eastern shore of Maryland of the secession element, 
 from exposure in swampy country was attacked with malarial fever, and 
 in consequence of the weak condition he was left in was discharged from 
 service, on surgeon s certificate of disability, in the summer of 1862. As 
 soon as he regained his health again enlisted in Company C, 9th Maryland 
 Infantry; first stationed at Harper s Ferry, and from thence moved to 
 Charleston, W. Va. , in the engagement at which place comrade Handlin 
 was taken prisoner; was six months ill confinement at Belle Isle, when he 
 was finally paroled and then mustered out of service in April, 1864, by 
 reason of expiration of term of enlistment. Is a member of Farragut Post, 
 (i. A. R. , at Vallejo, Cal., and has been several terms the post chaplain; 
 is at present a resident of Sacramento. 
 
 ABRAHAM 
 
 Was born September 16, 1833,111 Smyrna, Del.; has been a merchant 
 and railroad employe; is at present special agent of the B. & M. R. R. 
 Enlisted April i, 1863, in the i6th Illinois Cavalry, and served as 2d 
 lieutenant, ist lieutenant, and captain, commissions bearing dates as fol 
 lows: 2d lieutenant, April, 1863; ist lieutenant, April, 1865; captain, 
 August, 1865. Was first attached to the 9th Army Corps; afterwards to 
 the 4th Division of the rytli Army Corps, and finally, to the cavalry corps, 
 4th Division of the Military Department of Missouri; was in the battles at 
 Marks Farm, Va. , and Jonesville, Va. ; with Sherman on his march to 
 the sea, and was in the pursuit of Hood s arm}- from Nashville to the 
 Tennessee River; was captured at the battle of Jonesville, Va., January 
 3, 1864, and sent to Libby Prison; remained there until May; was then 
 sent to Danville; thence to Macon, Ga.; and from thence to Charleston, 
 S. C., where he was placed under the fire of General Foster s batteries; 
 was finally sent to Columbia, S. C., at which place he, with two comrades, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 269 
 
 escaped, walked 250 miles by night, hiding in the woods by day for twenty- 
 two days before falling in with Sherman s army near Milieu, Oa.; served 
 on the staff of General Giles A. Smith through to Savannah, when he 
 returned north and rejoined his regiment in the Department of the Mis 
 sissippi, with which he served until mustered out in August, 1865. Com 
 rade Alice is a member of George A. Cnster Post, G. A. R., of Omaha. 
 Neb., where he resides; has been inspector-general of the department of 
 Nebraska, G. A. R., and aid-de-camp on the national staff. 
 
 ALFRED ESTABROOK. 
 
 Was born in Bedford County, Pa., May i, 1832, has been a miner 
 and engaged in the lumber business. Came to California in 1852. Enlisted 
 in Company M, ist California Cavalry, May 6, 1863, and served as a private 
 and sergeant; acted for a time as sergeant-major of the regiment; was on 
 duty in the department of New Mexico; in the fight at Bent s Fort on 
 Canadian River, Tex., with the Kiowas and Comanches; mustered out in 
 May, 1866; is a charter member of Hancock Post, G. A. R., at Merced, 
 Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 WILLIAM E. BEALS. 
 
 Was born in Philipsburg, Centre County, Pa., April 13, 1842, and is 
 by occupation a cook. Enlisted in Company D,53d Pennsylvania Volun 
 teers, September 5, 1861, and served as a private and corporal; belonged 
 to the 3d Brigade, ist Division, 2d Army Corps; was at the battles of 
 Fair Oaks, the Seven Days Fights, and the other actions of the Army of 
 the Potomac in the Peninsular campaign under General McClellan, in the 
 battles of the Wilderness, Poe River, and Spottsylvania Court-house, and 
 other engagements; was taken prisoner May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania, 
 and confined in both Florence and Anderson ville prisons; honorably dis 
 charged the service at Alexandria, Va. , June 30, 1865. Joined the John 
 W. Geary Post, G. A. R., at Philipsburg, Pa., in 1878, and was its junior 
 and senior vice-commander; is at present a resident of San Jose, Cal. 
 
 JAMES ARCHIBALD. 
 
 Was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, March 20, 1845, an ^ came to the 
 United States with his parents in 1854; is a laborer. Enlisted in Company 
 B, 4ist Illinois Volunteers, August 27, 1861, and served as a private; dis 
 charged at Vicksburg in 1862; re-enlisted in 1863 in Company B, 4ist Illi 
 nois Volunteers, consolidated at Atlanta in 1864 and became Company G, 
 
270 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 536 Illinois Veteran Volunteers; belonged to ist Brigade, 4th Division, 
 1 7th Army Corps; was in the battles of Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, Shiloh, 
 at Jackson, Miss. , siege of Atlanta, and all the engagements of Sherman s 
 inarch to the sea, and through the Carolinas, and was present at the sur 
 render of General Joe Johnston ; took part in the grand review at Wash 
 ington city, and honorably discharged the service in the summer of 1865; 
 is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal., which 
 is his place of residence. 
 
 ALBERT X. AMES. 
 
 Was born in the town of Carniel, Penobscot County, Me., January 
 1 8, 1844, and is by occupation a carriage painter. Enlisted in Company 
 C, .i3th Maine Volunteers, October 19, 1861, and served as a private and 
 sergeant; commissioned ad lieutenant Company K, 3Oth Maine Volun 
 teers, in August, 1863; was attached to the i3th and igth Army Corps; 
 was in the Butler expedition to Xew Orleans, and after the capture of the 
 city was on provost guard duty at that place; in the expedition to Browns 
 ville, Texas, and at the capture of Mustang Island and Fort Esperanza; 
 in General Banks Red River campaign, and the engagements attending 
 it; returned with his regiment and corps to Washington in July, 1864, and 
 served in Virginia until the close of the war; was in all the engagements 
 of the i Qth Army Corps during that period; was in the grand review at 
 Washington, and was then sent to Savannah, Ga., doing guard duty at 
 that place until honorably discharged the sen-ice in September, 1865; is 
 a charter member of Hancock Post, G. A. R., at Merced, Cal., where he 
 resides, and is sergeant-major of the post. 
 
 MICHAEL COSTELLO. 
 
 Was bom in Xew York city, May 5, 1849, and is a laborer; at the 
 outbreak of the War of the Rebellion though but eleven years of age he 
 attempted to enlist but was rejected on account of his youth; shipped on 
 the U. S. steamer Brooklyn, December 7, 1863, as a first-class boy, and 
 acted as messenger for the executive officer, and in this capacity served 
 until the vessel was put out of commission; was then with part of the 
 Brooklyn crew transferred to U. S. steamer Western World, after which 
 was assigned to guard duty till close of the war; was engaged in the bat 
 tles of Mobile Bay, including the attacks on forts Morgan, Gaines, and 
 Powell ; the engagements with the rebel ram Tennessee and gunboat Selnia^ 
 and was also in the two bombardments and final capture of Fort Fisher, 
 X. C. ; discharged and paid off from naval service in Xovember, 1865; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 271 
 
 enlisted in the 3d U. S. Cavalry November, 1865; served with regiment 
 in the military department of Arizona as private and corporal; was engaged 
 in many fights with the Apache Indians, in one of which, in a hand-to- 
 hand encounter, was wounded in the left hand and left eye; mustered 
 out in 1868, when he came to California, and has since resided in San 
 Jose; is a member of Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R., at that place. 
 
 SELDEN B. KINGSBURY. 
 
 Was born in Camden, Loraine County, Ohio, October 29, 1840; was 
 a teacher until 1872, since then an attorney at law. Enlisted in Company 
 C of the 7th Ohio Infantry in April, 1861, and served as a private; was 
 first on duty in West Virginia; took part in the battle of Cross Lanes, 
 after which, was taken prisoner and confined in Libby Prison for about 
 three weeks, was then sent with others to Parrish Prison at New Orleans, 
 remained there until Butler began to force his way up the Mississippi, 
 when the prisoners were removed to Salisbury, N. C. ; remained there until 
 late in the summer of 1862, when he was paroled, and returning home, 
 was discharged for disabilitv, the result of disease contracted durino- 
 
 o - c^ 
 
 imprisonment; returned to school; was afterwards commissioned as ist 
 lieutenant in an Ohio State regiment; graduated from Oberlin College in 
 1864; was superintendent of schools for ten years at Flint, Mich., and 
 Constantine in the same State. Comrade Kingsbury is a member of E. 
 Baker Post, G. A. R., at Hailey, Idaho Ty., of which place he is a resi 
 dent; has been chaplain and inspector of his post. 
 
 THOMAS BOLES. 
 
 W^as born in Johnson County, Ark., July 16, 1837; was raised on a 
 farm; obtained a good English education and became a teacher; in 1858 
 was deputy sheriff, in 1859 deputy clerk of the circuit court, and was 
 admitted to the bar in 1860; was an active member of a Union league 
 within the Confederate lines in 1862. In 1863, with the advance of the 
 Union army, there came a rally of the hunted Union men, and main- 
 joined the army. Mr. Boles enlisted in Company E of the 3d Arkansas 
 Cavalry, and was commissioned as ist lieutenant in November, 1863; was 
 promoted to the rank of captain in February, 1864; while lying sick at 
 Arkadelphia April i, 1864, was captured and imprisoned at Camden; was 
 released and paroled a few days afterwards, and restored to duty by order 
 of the War Department in the May following; in October the same year 
 was mustered out on account of physical disability. In January, 1865 
 
272 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 returned to his regiment and served as a private. During active service 
 was in the battle at Jenkins Fern-, Saline River, Ark., and several cavalry 
 fights in the Arkansas Valley. In 1865 was elected circiiit judge, which 
 positipn he held until elected to Congress in March, 1868; was re-elected in 
 November, 1868, and in November, 1870. In March, 1878, he became 
 receiver of public moneys at Dardanelle, and so continued until appointed 
 United States marshal in March, 1882, which position he held until Octo 
 ber, 1885. Comrade Boles joined McPherson Post, G. A. R., No. i, of 
 Little Rock, Ark., in 1869; and in 1883 was transferred to Thomas 
 Williams Post, No. 2, in the same department; he is at present the com 
 mander of his post; is also a member of the department council of admin 
 istration; was a delegate to the national encampment of 1885, at which 
 he was elected a member of the national council of administration. 
 
 MARTIN O GRADY. 
 
 Was born in Detroit, Mich., November 7, 1844, and is by occupation 
 a cooper. Enlisted in Company I, ist Michigan Volunteers engineers 
 and mechanics in December, 1863, and served as a private; joined the 
 army under General Sherman at Bridgeport, Ala. ; was in the campaign to 
 Atlanta, and in all the engagements from Atlanta to the sea and through 
 the Carolinas to the surrender of General Joe Johnston and the forces 
 under his command; took part in the grand review at Washington city by 
 the President of the United States and his cabinet officers, and was finally 
 mustered out of the service at Nashville, Tenn., in September, 1865; is 
 a member of Warren Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., of which city 
 he is a resident. 
 
 WILLIAM H. WINKLEMAN. 
 
 Was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, January 18, 1833, and is by occupa 
 tion a book-binder. Enlisted in April, 1861, under the three months 
 call by President Lincoln, in the company known as the "Guthrie Grays" 
 of Cincinnati. After discharge by expiration of term of service, re-enlisted 
 in Company I, 8th Ohio Cavalry, consolidated afterwards with the 2d Ohio 
 Cavalry under Colonel Kautz; was private, corporal, and sergeant; served 
 first in Tennessee and Kentucky; took part in the battles at Richmond, 
 Ky., Knoxville, Tenn., and the engagements in the Cumberland Moun 
 tains; in the spring of 1864 was transferred to the Cavalry Corps of the 
 Army of the Potomac at Brandy Station; served in Sheridan s cavalry 
 through the Wilderness campaign and in the Shenandoah Valley ; was at 
 the battle of Fisher Hill, at the capture of Petersburg, and in all the other 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 273 
 
 engagements under Sheridan until the surrender of General Lee at Appo- 
 mattox ; was wounded right shoulder broken at battle of Richmond, Ky. , 
 while carrying dispatches for General Nelson; mustered out of service at 
 Benton Barracks, St. Louis, Mo., September 28, 1865. Is a member of 
 Sumner Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., of which city he is a resident. 
 
 L. McKEARNEY. 
 
 Was born in Tyrone County, Ireland, in June, 1836, and is by occu 
 pation an engineer. Enlisted in June, 1861, in Company B, yist Pennsyl 
 vania Volunteers, and served as a private; was attached to the 2d Brigade, 
 ist Division, 2d Army Corps; was in the battle at Ball s Bluff, Va. , Octo 
 ber 21, 1861, in the Peninsula campaign under General McClellan, and all 
 the engagements to Malvern Hill; serving afterwards in Virginia and 
 Maryland; was mustered out by reason of expiration of term of service in 
 July, 1864; is a member of Warren Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., 
 his place of residence. 
 
 WILLIAM B. SHANKLIN. 
 
 Was born in Montgomery County, Ind., May 12, 1836; has been a 
 farmer; his present occupation is that of engineer. Enlisted in Company 
 I, gist Illinois Volunteers, August 6, 1862; served as a private and ser 
 geant; attached to the ist Brigade, 2d Division, i3th Army Corps; in the 
 battles of Elizabethtown, Ky., Atchafalaya, La., Mobile and Whistler, 
 Ala.; was captured in the action at Elizabethtown December 27, 1862, by 
 the rebel general John Morgan; paroled and exchanged, and rejoined his 
 regiment, in which he served until the termination of the war; mustered 
 out in July, 1865. Is a member of William A. Webb Post, G. A. R., at 
 Fairmont, Neb., and has been its junior vice-commander; his place of 
 residence is Geneva, Fillmore County, Neb. 
 
 JOSEPH M. WALLACE. 
 
 Was born in Middleton, Ohio, October 17, 1838, and is by occupation 
 a carpenter. Enlisted in May, 1861, in Company B, 7th Indiana Volun 
 teers; belonged to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, 3d Army Corps; served as 
 a private first enlistment was under the three months call for volunteer 
 troops, at the expiration of which term he re-enlisted for three years; first 
 service was in Western Virginia; was in the battle at Philippi and at Win 
 chester under General Shields; was transferred to the Army of the Potomac, 
 
274 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 and was in the Peninsula campaign under General McClellan, participating 
 in all the engagements to that of Malvern Hill: at the battles of Antietam, 
 Fredericksbnrg, Chancellorsville, Mine Run, and in the Wilderness cam 
 paign through Cold Harbor to Petersburg; was in July, 1864, transferred 
 to the Shenandoah Valley, where the regiment remained on duty until 
 mustered out in September, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of serv 
 ice; is a past post commander of O. P. Morton Post, No. i, G. A. R., 
 department of Indiana; is a member of Warren Post, G. A. R., at Sacra 
 mento, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 BENJAMIN W. RAWUNGS. 
 
 Was born in Lockport, N. Y., February 20, 1842; is a foundryman by 
 trade; at present in the saloon business; enlisted in 1861 in the three 
 months service, at the expiration of which term, he re-enlisted in Company 
 G, 7th New York Cavalry; mustered out eight months afterwards by rea 
 son of general order to muster out all cavalry troops not absolutely required ; 
 again entered the military service by enlistment in the lagth New York 
 Volunteers, July 28, 1862; was afterwards transferred to Company D, 8th 
 New York Heavy Artillery, at Baltimore, Md. ; served in the 2d Brigade, 
 2cl Division, 2d Army Corps, as a private; was in the battles of Cold 
 Harbor, North Anna, siege of Petersburg, Reams Station, and many other 
 general engagements and skirmishes; was honorably discharged from the 
 service at Rochester, N. Y., June 5, 1865, having served during the entire 
 period of the war; is a member of Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R., at San 
 Jose, Cal., of which place he is a resident. 
 
 EDGAR DENMAN SWAIN. 
 
 Was born in the town of Westford, Chittenden County, Vt, August 
 14, 1836, and is a dentist. Enlisted July 22, 1861, and became captain 
 of Company I, 42d Illinois Volunteers; was promoted to lieutenant-colonel 
 October 13, 1863, and to colonel April 13, 1864, but was not mustered in 
 the latter rank, owing to the deficiency in the number of men in the reg 
 iment; was brevetted colonel U. S. Volunteers March 13, 1865; belonged 
 to the 3d Brigade, 2d Division, 4th Army Corps; was at the surrender of 
 Columbus, Ky. ; in the battles of Island No. 10, Farmiiigton, Corinth, 
 Pulaski, Columbia, Nashville, Stone River, Triune, Franklin, Alpine, 
 Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Dana Ridge, Ringgold, Rocky Face Ridge, 
 Resaca, Adairsville, Kingston, New Hope (where he was wounded on the 
 inside of left knee), at Nashville, and accompanied the expedition of 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 275 
 
 General Sheridan to Texas in the contemplated movement against the 
 French interference in Mexico and the assumption by Maximilian of the 
 emperorship of that country. Colonel Swain commanded the 3d Brigade, 
 ad Division, 4th Army Corps, from August 15, 1865, to November i, 1865; 
 was commandant at Port Lavaca, Tex., from that time until December 
 1 6, 1865; honorably discharged from service at Springfield, Ills., January 
 12, 1866. Is a member of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., at Chicago, 
 Ills. ; has been post commander, department commander, and Senior Vice- 
 Commander-in-Chief ; is engaged in the practice of dentistry at Chicago. 
 
 GEORGE S. FISHER. 
 
 Was born in West Chazy, N. Y. , August 27, 1843; n ^ s early occupa 
 tion was that of dentist; at present he is a railroad conductor and in the 
 employment of the Southern Pacific Railroad Company, also collector for 
 the railroad steamers between Sacramento and San Francisco. Enlisted in 
 March, 1864, in Company C, ist Oregon Infantry, and served as private, 
 corporal, and hospital steward of regiment; was stationed at Fort Steila- 
 coom, Washington Ty. , and Fort Stevens, Or. ; mustered out in September, 
 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service; is a member of Simmer 
 Post, G. A. R. , at Sacramento, Cal. , his place of residence. 
 
 
 
 GEORGE L. BROWN. 
 
 Was born in Milton, Northumberland County, Pa., December 6, 1838, 
 and at the beginning of the Civil War was engaged in general merchan 
 dising; enlisted in Company I, loist Pennsylvania Volunteers, September 
 14, 1861, as a private, was shortly afterwards commissioned 2d lieutenant 
 and promoted to ist lieutenant March i, 1863; attached to the 2d Brigade, 
 3d Division, 4th Army Corps, in the Army of the Potomac, till December 
 24, 1863; then to the ist Brigade, ist Division, i8th Army Corps, serving 
 in departments of Virginia and North Carolina; participated in the siege 
 of Yorktown, battles of Williamsburg, Savage Station, Fair Oaks, seven 
 days fight before Richmond, Bottom s Bridge, Chickahominy Swamp, 
 Railroad Bridge, Charles City Cross-roads, Long s Bridge, Jones Ford, 
 Harrison s Landing, Blackwater, Va. , Goldsborough, N. C. , South-west 
 Creek, Wilmington Railroad Bridge, Swan Quarter, Little Washington, 
 Blount s Creek, Swift Creek, Williamston, Foster Mills, Jamestown, and at 
 Plymouth Creek, April 17 to 20, 1864, where, in resisting the final charge 
 of Hokes North Carolina Brigade, comrade Brown was wounded in the 
 left arm and left breast and taken prisoner; was confined at Plymouth, 
 
276 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Weldon, Macon, in the Charleston, S. C., jail-yard, where with other pris 
 oners was placed under fire from the artillery of the Union besieging 
 forces; was moved from thence to Columbia, Camp Sorghum, Charlotte, 
 Raleigh, and Goldsborough ; escaped four times and was recaptured, twice 
 by bloodhounds. November 3, 1864, escaped from Camp Sorghum, N. C., 
 and was out seventeen days before he was recaptured in the mountains of 
 East Tennessee; paroled February 27, 1865, and sent to Annapolis, Md.; 
 mustered out March 15, 1865; was a charter member of Captain George J. 
 Lawrence Post, G. A. R., at Minersville, Pa.; has served as officer of the 
 guard, post commander, aid-de-camp on staff of Commander-in-Chief of 
 the G. A. R., assistant inspector department of Pennsylvania, mustering 
 officer, and as department commander 1879-80; added more membership 
 to the order in Pennsylvania than any department commander before or 
 since, paid all the department s old debts, contracted no new ones, and left 
 the position with the first surplus money the G. A. R. department of Penn 
 sylvania ever had. He is at present a part owner of an anthracite colliery 
 at Mahanoy Plane, Pa., which is his place of biisiness. 
 
 ABRAM R. STEVENS. 
 
 Was born in Adams County, Ind., July n, 1843, an< ^ is a laborer by 
 occupation. Enlisted in Company G, 66th Ohio Volunteers, August n, 
 1862, and served as a private; belonged to the ist Brigade, 2d Division, 
 1 2th Army Corps, and afterwards to the same brigade and division of the 
 2oth Army Corps; was in the battles of Chantilly, Antietam, Chancellors- 
 ville, Gettysburg, Lookout Mountain, Resaca, Ga. , siege of Atlanta, and 
 in all the engagements of General Sherman s march to the sea and through 
 the Carolinas to the surrender of General Joe Johnston; wounded slightly 
 in left leg at Resaca by fragment of shell; took part in the grand review 
 at Washington city; mustered out June 6, 1865; is a charter member of 
 Hancock Post, G. A. R., at Merced, Cal., of which place he is a resident. 
 
 ANDREW W. HARVEY. 
 
 Was born in Nova Scotia May 12, 1841; has been a seaman and is 
 now a farmer; came to the United States in 1850 at the age of nine years 
 and attended school at New Bedford, Mass., until he was sixteen years of 
 age, when he went to sea; was appointed acting master s mate in the United 
 States Navy April 29, 1863, and ordered to the U. S. steamer Fah-kec, a 
 gunboat attached to the North Atlantic blockading squadron and on block 
 ading duty off Wilmington, N. C., until the capture of that port; was 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 277 
 
 promoted to acting ensign November 2, 1865; went with the fleet under 
 Admiral Godon in search of the rebel ram Stonewall, which was found 
 at Havana, and in charge of the Spanish authorities; returned to Phila 
 delphia, where the vessel was put out of commission; honorably discharged 
 August 29, 1865; came to California in 1866, and engaged in farming; is 
 a member of Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R. , at San Jose, which is his post- 
 office address. 
 
 ALEXANDER FREY. 
 
 Was born in Cornwall, England, March 10, 1837; came to the United 
 States early in life, and was a miner before the war. Enlisted September 
 9, 1 86 1, in Company D of the /th Wisconsin Infantry, which formed part 
 of the famous Iron Brigade; served as private, corporal, and sergeant; was 
 attached to the ist Division of the ist Army Corps; was in the battles at 
 White Sulphur Springs, Gainesville, Second Bull Run, South Mountain, 
 Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Rappahannock Station, and 
 Gettysburg. At the last-named place was so badly wounded in the left 
 leg that amputation at the knee was found necessary, in consequence of 
 which was honorably discharged May 14, 1864. Comrade Frey is a mem 
 ber of Tom Cox Post, G. A. R., at Lancaster, Grant County, Wis., where 
 he resides; he has been surgeon of his post, and is its present commander; 
 was an alternate delegate at the 2oth national encampment. Since the 
 war, has been engaged in mercantile pursuits; \vas town clerk of Potosi 
 in 1865, and justice of the peace the following two years; was postmaster at 
 British Hollow, Wis., from 1866 to 1874, when he was elected county 
 treasurer, which office he held for four years; was a member of the City 
 Council of Lancaster, Wis., in 1879. 
 
 ELMER C. JORDAN. 
 
 Was born in Newtown, Fairfield County, Conn., March 10, 1840, and is 
 by occupation a locomotive engineer. Enlisted in Company E, 7th Con 
 necticut Infantry, August i, 1861, and served for a time as private; 
 appointed sergeant; commissioned 2d lieutenant February i, 1863, and 
 captain February 22, 1865; was in the expedition of General T. W. Sher 
 man to Port Royal, S. C.; took part in the capture of Fort Pulaski; in 
 the engagement at Secessionville, James Island, S. C. , Color-sergeant Jor 
 dan was wounded in right shoulder by a grape-shot, all the color-guard 
 being killed or wounded; at the battle of Pocotalilgo, S. C., and at Fernan- 
 dino, Fla. ; when commissioned lieutenant was placed in command of a 
 light battery and redoubt; in expedition to Jacksonville, Fla. ; served on 
 
278 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 staff of General Hawley as aid-de-camp; mentioned in dispatches for gal 
 lant conduct at Morris Island, where he captured a battery and turned its 
 guns on the retreating foe; in the assaults on Fort Wagner, the following 
 day, after holding a part of the fort for over two hours with a small 
 detachment, was taken prisoner, and held in confinement at Charleston 
 and Columbia, S. C., for eighteen months; December 13, 1863, in company 
 with Ensign Dayton of the navy, escaped, but after twenty-four days of 
 freedom, and a journey of two hundred and seventy miles, was recaptured 
 near Marshall, N. C., during a blinding snow-storm, and taken to Libby 
 Prison at Richmond, Va., from whence he was returned to Columbia, on a 
 requisition of the South Carolina authorities, being one of thirty Union 
 officers held in Columbia as hostages; was paroled March r, 1865, at Wil 
 mington, N. C. , and shortly afterwards exchanged; mustered out of serv 
 ice May 15, 1865; is a past commander of Warren Post, G. A. R., and a 
 member and chaplain of Fair Oaks Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal. , 
 of which city he is a resident. 
 
 LUCIUS FAIRCHILD. 
 
 Lucius Fairchild, the Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of 
 the Republic, was born in Kent, Portage County, Ohio, December 31, 
 1831; in 1846 removed with his family to Madison, Wis. ; had a common 
 school and academic education. In March, 1849, started for California 
 across the plains; was engaged in mining with considerable success until 
 1855. Returned to Madison in the fall of 1858; was elected clerk of the 
 circuit court of the county; having studied law, was admitted to the bar 
 in the fall of 1860. 
 
 On April 16, 1861, enlisted as a private in Company K, ist Wiscon 
 sin Regiment, but was immediately elected captain, which he accepted, 
 declining the position of lieutenant-colonel tendered him by Governor 
 Randall; in June, 1861, was appointed a captain in the i6th Regulars, 
 and held that position until November, 1863. About the time of his 
 appointment in the Regular Army he was also appointed major of the 2d 
 Wisconsin; having received leave of absence from the i6th Regiment, he 
 accepted the major s commission; subsequently was promoted to the lieu 
 tenant-colonelcy of his regiment, meanwhile declining promotion in other 
 regiments; was promoted to the colonelcy of his regiment in August, 1863. 
 While in command of his regiment at Seminary Ridge, in the battle 
 of Gettysburg, July i, 1863, his left arm was so badly shattered that it 
 had to be amputated near the shoulder. For distinguished gallantry in 
 many actions, was promoted to brigadier-general, and was mustered out at 
 Washington, D. C., November 2, 1863. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 279 
 
 Though he desired to continue in the service, the Union party of 
 Wisconsin made General Pairchild its candidate for Secretary of State, 
 and he was elected, and served in that capacity in 1864-65. In the latter 
 year was elected governor, and was inaugurated in January, 1866; was 
 re-elected governor in 1867, and again in 1869, serving till January, 1872. 
 In October, 1872, was appointed consul at Liverpool, where he remained 
 until July, 1878, when he was made consul-general at Paris. In March, 
 1880, was appointed United States Minister to Spain; resigned December 
 25, 1881, and returned to his Wisconsin home March, 1882, and was 
 greeted by a great popular demonstration. He has served as a regent of 
 the Wisconsin University, and regent of the Wisconsin Normal School. 
 General Fairchild is a member of C. C. W ashburn Post, No. n, of Mad 
 ison, and in 1873 was Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief ; he is department 
 commander of Wisconsin. 
 
 He was elected Commander-in-Chief at the 2oth national encampment 
 which was held at San Francisco, CaL, in August, 1886. 
 
 HENRY C. SAVERS. 
 
 Was born in Waynesbnrg, Pa., November 21, 1840; a farmer, real 
 estate agent and stock dealer. Enlisted in Company G of the 1 5th Pennsyl 
 vania Cavalry on August n, 1862, an independent regiment that acted as 
 body-guard to General Rosecrans; was in the engagements at Antietam, 
 Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Tullahoma, and many skirmishes; in 1863 was 
 captured by General Wheeler s cavalry, and was marched with command 
 for some time in Tennessee before being paroled ; this parole was not recog 
 nized, however, since they had not been taken outside of the Union lines. 
 Comrade Savers was formerly a member of Templeton Post, G. A. R., of 
 Washington, Pa., but now belongs to Colonel J. H. McCullough Post, of 
 Waynesburg, where he resides; has been commander of his post; was an 
 alternate delegate at the twentieth national encampment. 
 
 WILLIAM L. DKLACEY. 
 
 Was born in the town of New Hope, Bucks County, Pa., July 10, 
 1845, and learned the trade of a printer. Enlisted in Company C, 4th 
 New Jersey Volunteers, August 13, 1861; re-enlisted in the same January 
 5, 1864, was transferred to the 2d Battalion Veteran Reserve Corps, March 
 10, 1865, and mustered out at Newark, N. J., October u, 1865; was 
 wounded in the left knee and taken prisoner during the seven days fight 
 on the Peninsula, June 29, 1862, and in the right foot in the Wilderness 
 
280 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 May 5, 1864. Since the war he has been engaged in the avocations of 
 printer, solicitor, and lawyer. He is now in legal practice at Poughkeepsie, 
 N. Y.; has been a justice of the peace, and since 1873 a member of the 
 G. A. R., having held the offices of adjutant and aid-de-camp to the 
 Coinmander-in-Chief, and is now in his fourth term as commander of Ham 
 ilton Post, G. A. R. , at Poughkeepsie; was present as one of the New 
 York delegates to the 2oth national encampment, which met August, 
 1886, in San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 CHARLES OECKEL. 
 
 A resident of San Jose, Cal. ; was born in Saxony, May 8, 1836; has 
 been engaged in various occupations; came to America when seventeen 
 years of age; resided in Toledo, Ohio; went to New Orleans in 1860; in 
 January, 1861, when Louisiana seceded, was arrested and pressed into serv 
 ice in 1 6th Louisiana Tigers; in the March following made his escape; and 
 after enduring all kinds of hardships, after two months succeeded in reach 
 ing the Federal lines at Cairo, Ills. ; proceeding to his home, enlisted June 
 22, 1861, in Company K of the 25th Ohio Infantry, in which he served 
 successively as private, corporal, and orderly-sergeant; was attached to 
 Howard s division of the nth Army Corps, and took part in the battles 
 at Greenbrier, Cross Keys, Va., Winchester, second Bull Run, Antietam, 
 Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Petersburg, Va. , 
 and Henry Hill, Fla. ; was wounded in right side of face at the second bat 
 tle of Bull Run, and through the left lung at Gettysburg; was frequently 
 employed as a spy (on account of his previous association with the people 
 of the South); was honorably discharged September 5, 1865; came to Cali 
 fornia in 1882, and has since been engaged in the wood, coal, hay and grain 
 business Comrade Oeckel is a member of John A. Dix Post, located at 
 his present place of residence. 
 
 BENJAMIN F. WHITMORE. 
 
 Was born in Sidney, Shelby County, Ohio, August n, 1840, and is 
 by occupation a carpenter; enlisted in January, 1862, in Company K, 2oth 
 Ohio Volunteers, and served as a private and corporal, belonged to the 2d 
 Brigade, 3d Division, lyth Army Corps; was in the battles of Fort Donel- 
 son, Shiloh, Boliver, Middleburg, Corinth, in the siege of Vicksburg, at 
 Atlanta, with General Sherman in his march to the sea and through the 
 Carolinas, present at the surrender of General Joe Johnston, and in the 
 grand review at Washington city; in the engagement at Middleburg, Tenn., 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 281 
 
 August 30, 1862, was taken prisoner, sent to Jackson, Miss., and then to 
 Vicksburg; after thirty days confinement was paroled and exchanged at 
 Columbus, Ky.; at Atlanta, July 22, 1864, was wounded by musket-ball 
 in right shoulder, but remained in ranks until close of the day s engage 
 ment; mustered out of service in July, 1865; is a member of Suinner 
 Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 ISAAC R. LANE. 
 
 Was born in Barnesville, Belmont County, Ohio, October 20, 1842, 
 completing the course in the public schools at the age of sixteen, when 
 he entered a printing-office to learn the printer s trade; left his case on 
 the Xenia Torchlight on August 5, 1862, and enlisted in Company H, 94th 
 Regiment, Ohio Volunteer Infantry, as a private; was mustered into the 
 regiment as a corporal, and on August 16, 1863, promoted to sergeant; 
 mustered out with the regiment June 5, 1865; having participated in the 
 battles of Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, Atlanta 
 campaign, Sherman s march to the sea and through the Carolinas, Benton- 
 ville, N. C., and surrender of Johnston s army near Raleigh, N. C.; was 
 slightly wounded in the left hand at Missionary Ridge; is a charter mem 
 ber of Hilles Post, G. A. R., at Barnesville, Ohio, and is now serving the 
 second year as commander of the post; attended the twentieth national 
 encampment at San Francisco as a delegate; is at present agent of the 
 Baltimore and Ohio Railroad at Barnesville, also president of the Board 
 of Education, member of Council and one of the trustees of the Belmont 
 Countv Children s Home: 
 
 GEORGE T. CHILDS. 
 
 Was born in Charlestown, Mass., September 7, 1842; enlisted in 
 Company K, 5th Massachusetts Infantry, April 19, 1861, and took part 
 in the first battle of Bull Run; was taken prisoner and for thirteen 
 months experienced the horrors of Libby, Salisbury, and New Orleans 
 prisons; was paroled at Salisbury July 26, 1862, and returned home in 
 impaired health; after the war, went South for his health and resided 
 for a time in New Orleans; returning to Boston, resided there until his 
 removal to St. Albans, Vt. , in 1 873. Comrade Childs was commander of Post 
 No. n, G. A. R., of Charlestown, Mass., two terms, and was subsequently 
 chief mustering officer of the department of Massachusetts, on General 
 Devens staff; in 1873 he became private secretary to President J. Gregory 
 Smith of the Central Vermont Railroad, which position he now holds; 
 
282 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 was chief of staff under Governor Farnham in 1880, and in 1884 was a 
 Republican presidential elector and the messenger to Washington; he 
 delivered the annual address before the Vermont Officers Reunion Society 
 in 1884, an d has delivered numerous memorial day orations; is one of the 
 trustees of the Soldier s Home in Vermont, and past commander of Hurl- 
 but Post, G. A. R., department of Vermont. 
 
 AMBROSE GROW. 
 
 Was born in Evansville, Vanderburg County, Ind., December 10, 
 1844, and is by occupation a blacksmith. Enlisted in Company B, ist 
 Battalion Native Cavalry, California Volunteers, and served as a private; 
 was on duty in Arizona, and took part in several Indian fights; frequently 
 acted as courier between the military posts and stations; veteranized in 
 1864, and was mustered out March 15, 1866; is a member of Stunner Post, 
 G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., which is his place of residence. 
 
 GUINTER N. KERLIN. 
 
 Was born in Bucks County, Pa., December 9, 1833; is a machinist. 
 Enlisted August 22, 1862, in Company A of the i22d Ohio Regiment, 
 and served as a private; was attached to the 3d and 6th Army Corps; 
 was taken prisoner at the battle of Winchester and confined in Libby 
 Prison for nearly three months before being exchanged; took part in the 
 battle at Mine Run; then with the 6th Corps was in the Wilderness cam 
 paign, crossing the Rapidan in May; took part in the ensuing battles under 
 General Grant to Reams Station south of Petersburg; was wounded in 
 the face by a fragment of shell at the battle of Cold Harbor; at the battle 
 of the Wilderness his brother-in-law was shot dead by his side; after 
 Reams Station, was in the battles of Monocacy, Cedar Creek, Fisher s 
 Hill, and Opequon Creek. Comrade Kerlin resides at Sacramento, Cal. , 
 and is a member of Sunnier Post, G. A. R., at that place. 
 
 SMITH GREEN BLYTHE. 
 
 Was born in Cranberry, N. J., November 6, 1841; is a physician. 
 Enlisted April 18, 1861, in the ist New Jersey Infantry, and served suc 
 cessively as private of Company D, commissary-sergeant, 2d lieutenant of 
 Company A, ist lieutenant of Company F, and captain of Company F, 
 commissions bearing date as follows: March 24, 1862; October 7, 1862; 
 and November 29, 1862; was attached to the ist Brigade, ist Division, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 283 
 
 6th Army Corps; was in most of the engagements in which the 6th 
 Corps participated, from the beginning of the Peninsula campaign to the 
 Wilderness inclusive; was in the ist battle of Bull Run prior to the forma 
 tion of the 6th Corps; was wounded in right shoulder at the 2d battle of 
 Fredericksburg and in the right thigh at the Wilderness May 5, 1864; was 
 honorably discharged from the service on account of physical disability, 
 June 23, 1864. Comrade Blythe is a member of Gardner Post, O. A. R., 
 of Nora Springs, la., where he resides. He assisted in the organization of 
 that post and was its first commander and is at present its commander. 
 Was presidential elector in 1880 from the 4th district of Iowa. 
 
 FRANCIS H. JOHNSTON. 
 
 Was born in Baltimore, Md., June 17, 1838; learned the trade of 
 silver-plating and made it his occupation for a time; is at present engaged 
 in the restaurant business. Enlisted April 20, 1861, in Company E, 9th 
 New York Infantry Hawkins Zouaves attached to the gth Army Corps; 
 served as a private; engaged in the battle of Big Bethel and was in several 
 skirmishes; discharged on surgeon s certificate of disability in October, 
 1861; was steward of the steamer Locust Point, transport, in the expedi 
 tion to and capture of Port Royal, S. C. Re-enlisted in June, 1862, in 
 Company F, 22d New York Infantry; was stationed at Harper s Ferry, 
 taking part from there in many organized raids through the Shenandoah 
 Valley, in which he was engaged in several skirmishes; mustered out by 
 reason of expiration of term of service, the regiment having remained over 
 time during the second invasion of Maryland in expectation of an attack 
 by the rebel general (Stonewall) Jackson; is a member of J. L,. Riker 
 Post, G. A. R., New York city, but at present a resident of Sacramento, 
 Cal. 
 
 GEORGE A. PUTNAM. 
 
 Born in Fitchburg, Worcester County, Mass., May 15, 1825; em ^~ 
 grated to California around Cape Horn, sailed from Boston February 4, 
 1849, on the ship Leonore; arrived in San Francisco, July 5, 1849; fl~ 
 lowed mining on Yuba and Feather rivers until 1853; from which time 
 until 1857 was engaged in merchandising and teaming; in 1857 was 
 appointed deputy sheriff of Sacramento County and served until 1863; 
 in 1 86 1 enlisted as private in 2d California Cavalry, but was rejected on 
 account of physical disability; enlisted again in 1862, and was again 
 rejected for the same reason; appointed major and paymaster United States 
 Volunteers, November 17, 1863, and assigned to duty in the military 
 
284 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 division of the Pacific; resigned May 10, 1865; box and stamp clerk 
 Sacramento Post-office from December, 1865, to March, 1871; Federal 
 assessor, U. S. Internal Revenue from March, 1871, to May, 1873, when 
 the office was abolished by the overninent; Federal collector 4th district 
 from May, 1873, to June, 1874; delivery clerk, Sacramento Post-office, to 
 March, 1877; elected city tax collector and re-elected four times, which 
 office he still holds; has served two terms as fire commissioner for Sacra 
 mento city; is a member of the Sacramento Society of California Pioneers 
 and one of its present directors, which office he has held for the past nine 
 years; has been president of the association; is a member of Simmer Post, 
 G. A. R., at Sacramento. 
 
 ISAAC SPARROW BANGS. 
 
 Was born in Caiman, Me., March 17, 1831; has been a merchant 
 and bank cashier. Enlisted August 9, 1862, in the 2oth Maine Regiment, 
 and served as captain, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel, commissions dating 
 as follows: August 9, 1862; March 2, 1863; and October 17, 1863; was 
 attached to the 5th and igth Army Corps; was brevetted a brigadier-gen 
 eral March 13, 1865; was present at and took part in the battles at Antie- 
 tam, Sharpsburg, Fredericksburg, and siege of Port Hudson; was mustered 
 out of service July 19, 1864; was superintendent of recruiting for the 
 Department of the Gulf, president of the Board for the Examination of 
 Officers for Promotion, and was in command of forts Jackson, St. Phillip, 
 Livingston, and the defenses of New Orleans in 1863-64. Since the war 
 has been a granite dealer at Waterville, Me., where he resides. Comrade 
 Bangs entered the Grand Army of the Republic as a charter member of 
 W. S. Heath Post, No. 14, department of Maine, and has served as post 
 commander, department inspector, department commander, and Junior 
 Vice-Commander-in-Chief, being elected to the latter position in 1882. 
 
 THOMAS J. EWING. 
 
 Was born in Boyd County, Ky., March 10, 1843; nas been engaged in 
 mercantile pursuits; his present occupation is that of attorney at law; at the 
 outbreak of the War of the Rebellion was attending Marshall College, Va., 
 which he left and returned to his home in Kentucky, where he recruited a 
 company of 106 men, enlisting himself July 19, 1861; it was mustered 
 into service as Company G, 5th West Virginia Volunteers; he was com 
 missioned its captain in September, 1861, and in June, 1864, was appointed 
 colonel of the 22d Regiment Kentucky Militia, called out to meet an 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 285 
 
 emergency, with which he was mustered out at Catlettsburg, Ky., July 
 14, 1864; served under Generals McClellan, Rosecrans, Milroy, Fremont, 
 and Siegel; was engaged in the battles of McDowell, Cedar Mountain, 
 Second Bull Run; in all, forty general engagements and skirmishes; is a 
 member and has been the post commander of Ralph Armstead Post, 
 G. A. R., at Catlettsburg, Ky. , where he resides. 
 
 JAPHET WILSON. 
 
 Was born in Stahlstown, Westmoreland County, Pa., March 21, 1827, 
 and is by occupation a butcher. Enlisted in Company F, 2d California 
 Cavalry, August 29, 1861, and served as a private; was for a time on pro 
 vost guard in San Francisco, guard duty 011 mail-steamers plying between 
 San Francisco and Panama, and on Indian scouting duty in northern Cal 
 ifornia; mustered out of service by expiration of term September 24, 1864. 
 Is a member of Simmer Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., his place of 
 residence. Comrade Wilson is also a veteran of the Mexican War, in 
 which he served in the 4th Ohio Volunteers. 
 
 GEORGE A. WALKER. 
 
 Was born in Sutton, Caledonia County, Vt., April 23, 1834, and is 
 by occupation a laborer. Enlisted in Company G, 2d California Cavalry, 
 September 23, 1861; had previously served a five years term of enlist 
 ment in loth U. S. Infantry, from which regiment he was honorably dis 
 charged in 1860; took part in the Utah expedition under General Albert 
 Sydney Johnston; served as quartermaster- sergeant; was stationed, during 
 the Civil War, in southern California and Arizona, engaged in scouting 
 duty, and was in several Indian skirmishes; discharged, on expiration of 
 term, September 27, 1864. Is a member of Fair Oaks Post, G. A. R., at 
 Sacramento, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 WILLIAM C. REDDY. 
 
 Was born in Honesdale, Pa., February 26, 1845. Enlisted August 
 6, 1862, in Company K of the ii4th New York Regiment; was afterwards 
 commissioned as 2d lieutenant in the 78th Regiment U. S. Colored Troops 
 (4th engineers), and was promoted to ist lieutenant and acting adjutant 
 and acting assistant adjutant-general of the brigade; was mustered out at 
 Greenville, La., January 6, 1866; studied law, and is now practicing his 
 profession in New York city; has been a notary public, and a captain in 
 
2SIJ RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the 1 2th Regiment N. Y. N. G. Comrade Reddy joined James C. Rice 
 Post, G. A. R., department of New York, in 1878, and served as junior 
 and senior vice and past commander thereof before his transfer to Judson 
 Kilpatrick Post in the same department, in which he has served as officer 
 of the day and as commander; has been judge-advocate of his department 
 and assistant inspector-general on the national staff; was a delegate to the 
 twentieth national encampment. 
 
 PHILIP SIDNEY POST. 
 
 Was born in the town of Florida, Orange County, N. Y., March 19, 
 1833, graduating at Union College, Schenectady, N. Y. , in 1855; studied 
 law and was admitted to the bar; moved west to engage in the practice of 
 his profession; was commissioned 2d lieutenant 59th Illinois Volunteers 
 in June, 1861, promoted to ist lieutenant and adjutant, June 22, 1861, 
 major November 9, 1861, and colonel March 19, 1862; the last promotion 
 being for gallantry in the battle at Pea Ridge, Ark., March 7, 1862, where 
 he commanded his regiment and was badly wounded in the arm and 
 shoulder. With much difficulty and danger he got to St. Louis, where 
 his wounds were properly cared for. Before he was able to mount his 
 horse without assistance he was again in command of his regiment. In 
 the Army of the Cumberland, under General Rosecrans, he commanded a 
 brigade, and rendered conspicuous service. During the Atlanta campaign 
 he was transferred to General Thomas J. Wood s division, 4th Army 
 Corps, and, after that general was wounded at Lovejoy Station, succeeded 
 to the command of the division. In the Nashville campaign, under 
 General Geo. H. Thomas, he was again conspicuous for gallantry; at Mur- 
 freesboro on the morning of December 15, 1864, he made the initiatory 
 attack with his division on the first line of the enemy s works and carried 
 them at the point of the bayonet. In the afternoon he attacked the second 
 line with equal success, and on the following day led the assault on Over- 
 ton s Hill, the last stronghold of the enemy, and, at the very moment of 
 success, fell almost upon the enemy s breastworks, apparently mortally 
 wounded, a discharge of grape-shot killed his horse, tore away a portion of 
 his left side and hip and crushed the bones of his hip. General Thomas 
 telegraphed from the field recommending the promotion of Colonel Post 
 to brigadier-general, and he was so commissioned by President Lincoln, 
 to take rank from that date. He was confined to his bed for several 
 months, but recovered sufficiently to be able in July, 1865, to report 
 for duty; was then assigned to the command of the western district of 
 Texas, with headquarters at San Antonio, where he remained until the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 287 
 
 withdrawal of the French forces from Mexico; honorably discharged in 
 January, 1866; was strongly recommended by generals Thomas and Wood 
 for appointment as colonel in the Regular Army of the United States, 
 but preferred not to remain in the military service after the establishment 
 of peace. General Post was appointed consul-general at Vienna, Austria, 
 and held the position for thirteen years, when he returned to Galesburg, 
 Ills. , and engaged in the real estate business; is a member of James T. 
 Shields Post, G. A. R., at that place, and has been its commander. 
 
 JOSEPH CROMER. 
 
 Was born in Marion, Marion County, Ohio, September 12, 1838; has 
 had various occupations in life. Enlisted July 22, 1861, in Company E 
 of the 26th Ohio Infantry, and served as a private; was attached to Wood s 
 division, 2d Brigade, of the 4th Army Corps; took .part in the engage 
 ments at Hawk s Nest, Horseshoe Bend, Shiloh, Murfreesboro, and Stone 
 River; was wounded in left wrist and right foot; while disabled for active 
 service acted as clerk and had charge of provost guards; was appointed 
 a captain, but never mustered, on account of disability; was finally trans 
 ferred to the 8th Regiment of Veteran Reserves at Chicago, Ills., where he 
 served out his time. Comrade Cromer is a member of Abe Lincoln Post, 
 G. A. R., of Council Bluffs, la., where he resides, and has been sergeant- 
 major and twice adjutant of his post. 
 
 JOHN C. STOUT. 
 
 Was born in Carrollton, Greene County, Ills., January 27, 1846, and 
 was a farmer boy when he enlisted in Company I, gist Illinois Volunteers, 
 August 7, 1862; the regiment was assigned to General Buell s command 
 in Kentucky, and placed on duty guarding railroad ; after being nearly six 
 weeks engaged in constant skirmishing with portions of Morgan s, Breck- 
 inridge s, and Bragg s forces, comrade Stout, with others, was captured 
 December 29, 1862 ; was paroled, and sent to St. Louis, Mo. ; was exchanged 
 June n, 1863, when he rejoined the regiment, and proceeded down the 
 Mississippi River to Vicksburg, where it became a portion of the 3d Brigade, 
 2cl Division, of the I3th Army Corps; after Vicksburg was captured, pro 
 ceeded to Port Hudson and New Orleans; from whence the 2d Division 
 was sent to Morganza s Bend, engaging the rebel forces of generals Dick 
 Taylor and Marmaduke; comrade Stout returned to New Orleans, and 
 thence went to Brownsville, Tex., with his regiment, where, through con 
 stant exposure, he became so debilitated as to be unfit for duty, and was 
 
288 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 therefore granted a furlough, before the expiration of which he was hon 
 orably discharged the service at Springfield, Ills., February 19, 1864; after 
 his discharge comrade Stout studied medicine; he is a graduate of the 
 American Medical College of St. Louis; is at present a physician and 
 surgeon at San Jose, Cal. ; has been twice president of the State Medi 
 cal Society of California, and three times elected delegate to the National 
 Medical Society, of which he is a member; is president of the Santa Clara 
 Medical Society, a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., of San Jose, 
 and the surgeon. 
 
 JEROME N. MCCARTY. 
 
 Was born in Huron County, Ohio, February 7, 1833, and is by occu 
 pation a farmer. Enlisted October 15, 1861, in Company H, 43d Ohio 
 Volunteers, and served as a private; belonged to the i5th Army Corps; 
 served in Missouri tinder General Pope; was at the battles of New Madrid, 
 Island No. 10, and the capture of the rebel forces at Horseshoe Bend, 
 below the island; at Corinth; from whence, on account of ill -health, 
 brought on by exposure, he was sent to Camp Chase, Columbus, Ohio, 
 where, on surgeon s certificate of disability, he was discharged from serv 
 ice in September, 1862; is a member of Warren Post, G. A. R., at Sacra 
 mento, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 JOSE M. RODRIGUEZ. 
 
 Was born in Santa Cruz, Cal., March 19, 1849, was a ranchero; is 
 now a waiter. Enlisted in Company A, ist Battalion Native Cavalry, 
 California Volunteers, May 21, 1863; served as private and second sergeant; 
 was attached to the military department of California and engaged in 
 operations against Indians near Fort Gaston, Cal. ; mustered out March 20, 
 1866; is a member of Lincoln Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, which is 
 his place of residence. 
 
 THOMAS D. VREDENBURGH. 
 
 Was born in Springfield, Ills., March 15, 1841; has been a book 
 keeper, and is a lumber and grain merchant. Enlisted as a private in 
 Company B, loth Illinois Cavalry, September 21, 1861, promoted to 
 orderly-sergeant, Company L, October 22d, and sergeant-major of regi 
 ment, November i6th; commissioned 2d lieutenant, loth Illinois Cav 
 alry, December 30, 1861; ist lieutenant and adjutant, April 8, 1862; 
 captain Company D, May 31, 1863; major, December 31, 1864; lieutenant- 
 colonel, October 10, 1865; was engaged in the raids and skirmishes in 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 289 
 
 southwest Missouri during the summer of 1862; Yazoo expedition, capture 
 of Arkansas Post, approach to and assault on Vicksburg; taken prisoner 
 at Richmond, Ark., June 6, 1863; was confined in jail at Shreveport, L,a., 
 and subsequently at Camp Ford, Tex., from which he escaped in October, 
 1863, but was recaptured ten days afterwards on Red River near Alexan 
 dria, L>a. ; was returned to Camp Floyd, from which he again escaped by 
 mingling in with exchanged prisoners, and safely reached New Orleans, 
 July 29, 1864; was judge-advocate on General West s staff at Little Rock, 
 Ark., in the winter of 1864-65; rejoined his regiment in the spring of 
 1865, and marched to the Rio Grande, becoming part of the army on the 
 Texas and Mexican frontier, concentrated for the purpose of a forward 
 movement into Mexico, if the United States Government should deem it 
 advisable to interpose against the interference of France in the affairs of 
 that country; honorably discharged from service January 6, 1866; is a 
 member of Stephenson Post, G. A. R. , at Springfield, Ills., and has been 
 post quartermaster; resides at Loami, Sangamon County, Ills. 
 
 HEMAN P. WINCHELL. 
 
 Was born in Kendall County, Ills., December 12, 1847; nas been a 
 farmer, and is now engaged in mercantile pursuits. Enlisted in May, 1864, 
 in Company F, I4ist Illinois Volunteers, and served as a private; was 
 attached to the i6th Army Corps; was on duty at Columbus and Paducah, 
 Ky., scouting through the mountains of Kentucky and Tennessee, clear 
 ing the country of guerrilla raiders ; engaged in many skirmishes ; mustered 
 out in October, 1864, the i4ist being one of the regiments called out by 
 the President for special service. Comrade Winchell is a member of Fair 
 Oaks Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., and its Junior Vice-Commander; 
 is a resident of that city. 
 
 ROBERT B. BEATH. 
 
 Is of Scotch parentage, and was born in Philadelphia, Pa., January 
 26, 1839. After attending the common schools until he was fifteen years 
 of age he became an apprentice to machine blacksmithing at the South- 
 wark Foundry, and worked at that trade until the outbreak of the War of 
 the Rebellion. Enlisted as a private April 20, 1861, in the 23d Pennsyl 
 vania Volunteers, a three months regiment; at the expiration of his term 
 of service re-enlisted for three years in the 88th Pennsylvania Volunteers 
 September 5, 1861; was appointed sergeant, then ist sergeant, and pro 
 moted to 2d lieutenant, having meanwhile been slightly wounded in the 
 
 T 
 
290 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 foot at the second Bull Run battle, August 29, 1862. After participating 
 with his regiment in many engagements, was commissioned captain 6th 
 U. S. Colored Troops, August 26, 1863. His regiment served under Gen 
 eral Butler in the Army of the James, and participated in the siege of 
 Petersburg. At Chapin s Farm, September 29, 1864, was so severely 
 wounded that it necessitated the amputation of his right leg. For a time 
 his life was despaired of, but in January, 1865, he was able to go home, 
 and was assigned to duty at Camp William Penn, Philadelphia, where he 
 remained until able to wear an artificial leg; returned to his regiment in 
 1865, and was honorably discharged as captain September 2oth; had been 
 commissioned as lieutenant-colonel, but not mustered in as such on account 
 of orders for the muster out of his regiment. 
 
 Being physically incapacitated for his trade, Colonel Beath studied 
 book-keeping, and has since been engaged in responsible positions as clerk 
 and book-keeper, being now secretary of the United Firemen s Insurance 
 Company of Philadelphia; in 1871 was elected surveyor-general of Penn 
 sylvania, and served in that capacity for three years. Was a charter 
 member of Post No. 5, G. A. R., at Philadelphia, in November, 1866, and 
 served as its commander; was also commander for two years of Gowen 
 Post at Pottsville, Pa., assistant adjutant-general of the department of 
 Pennsylvania for five terms, department commander one year, inspector- 
 general two years, and adjutant-general on the staffs of Commanders-in- 
 Chief Burnside, Hartranft, and Wagner, in all three years. At the 
 national encampment held in Denver, Col., in 1883, was elected Com- 
 mander-in-Chief. By consecutive attendance, having attended every 
 meeting since 1870, he is the oldest member of the national encampment; 
 has served continuously on the committee on rules, regulations, and ritual 
 in the national encampments, except in the years in which he held office 
 in the encampment. Is the author of the "Grand Army Blue Book," a 
 compilation of the laws and decisions of the Grand Army of the Republic. 
 
 JOSEPH E. BAKER. 
 
 Was born in Washington County, Ind. , April 12, 1847; was a farmer 
 boy of fourteen years of age when he entered the military service of the 
 Government as a private in Company H, 49th Indiana Volunteers, Novem 
 ber 4, 1861. It is claimed he was the youngest soldier that shouldered a 
 musket and served throughout the Civil War. After discharge, by reason 
 of expiration of term of service, he re-enlisted in Company B, I45th 
 Indiana Volunteers, January 17, 1865, and was mustered out with the 
 regiment after the close of the war. Belonged to the i3th Corps in the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 291 
 
 Army of Tennessee, and also to the Army of the Cumberland; was in the 
 battles at Cumberland Gap, Chickasaw Bayou, Arkansas Post, Port Gib 
 son, Grand Gulf, Champion Hill, Black River Bridge, siege of Vicksburg, 
 Jackson, Miss., Rapides, La., and other engagements; after he returned 
 to private life pursued for several years the occupation of lumberman ; was 
 then for a time employed on the guard-vessel at Jeffersonville, on the 
 Ohio River; then went to farming, and in 1881 removed with his family 
 to a homestead in Bellinger County, Mo., where he at present resides; is 
 a member of Erich Pape Post, G. A. R., at Bellinger Mills, Mo., and is 
 its adjutant, which office he has held for two terms. 
 
 M. J. FANCHER. 
 
 Was born in Warren County, N. Y., November 6, 1838. Enlisted 
 in Company M, 8th Illinois Cavalry, September 8, 1861, and served as a 
 private; was under command, at different periods, of generals Stoneman, 
 John Buford, and Pleasanton; was in the battles of Yorktown, Williams- 
 burg, Mechanicsville, seven davs actions before Richmond, Antietam, 
 Chancellorsville, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, battles in the Wilderness, 
 and several other minor engagements; honorably discharged from service 
 September 28, 1864; is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at San 
 Jose, Cal. , and engaged in farming and fruit-raising near that city. 
 
 JOHN L. WOODS, JR. 
 
 Was born in Baltimore, Md. , September i, 1842; has been a miner 
 and blacksmith. Enlisted November 20, 1861, in Company G of the 4th 
 California Infantry, and served as a private; was on duty at Auburn, Cal., 
 during the great flood, and later at Sutterville, where he received a serious 
 injury which rendered him physically disqualified for further service, in 
 consequence of which was mustered out March 19, 1862; was previously 
 wounded by Indian arrows during fights in Oregon and Montana. Com 
 rade Woods is a member of Sunnier Post, G. A. R., of Sacramento, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 BENSON CLARKE BELLAMY. 
 
 Was born in Moorefield, Switzerland County, Ind., January 8, 1844, 
 and is a physician. Enlisted in the iSth Iowa Volunteers July 19, 1862, 
 serving as a private; his first service was in the Department of the Frontier 
 in Missouri and Arkansas; was afterwards attached to General John M. 
 Thayer s Brigade, yth Army Corps, General Fred Steele commanding; 
 
292 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 was engaged in the battles of Springfield, Mo. , Poison Springs, Ark. , and 
 numerous skirmishes; shot through the left shoulder at Poison Springs, 
 and taken prisoner, which he remained until liberated May 27, 1865, in 
 consequence of the close of the war; was confined at Camden and Mag 
 nolia, Ark., Shreveport, La., and Camp Ford, Tex. After being mustered 
 out, July 5, 1865, Comrade Bellamy studied medicine, and since his 
 admission to .practice has been engaged in it ever since in Iowa, Nebraska, 
 and California; has been in the employ of the Government as surgeon in 
 the Indian Department for five years one year at the Tule River Agency, 
 and the remainder at the Round River Valley Agency. Is a member of 
 Lou Morris Post, G. A. R., at Livermore, Alameda County, Cal., his place 
 of residence. 
 
 GEORGE ARMSTRONG. 
 
 Was born in New York city September 10, 1845, an d is a plumber by 
 occupation, and also a musician. Enlisted in Company E, I2th New 
 York Cavalry, September 7, 1864, and served as private and corporal; 
 was in the battles of New Berne, Rocky Run, Kinston, and other 
 eneao ements; was wounded at Rockv Run, struck bv a biillet in ri-ht 
 
 O <_> -" * O 
 
 knee; served in the Department of North Carolina until the close of the 
 war; was honorably discharged from the service at New Berne, N. C., 
 June 14, 1865. Is a member of Warren Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, 
 Cal., which is his place of residence. 
 
 CHARLES C. ROYCE. 
 
 Was born in Defiance, Ohio, December 22, 1846; educated at the 
 high school in Troy, Ohio; entered the U. S. Navy as acting master s 
 mate, September 14, 1863, and was assigned to duty on the U. S. moni 
 tor Neosha; appointed mate September 16, 1864; honorably discharged 
 August 26, 1865; was slightly wounded in the battle at Nashville, Decem 
 ber 16, 1864; in April, 1866, he entered the Indian department at Wash 
 ington, D. C. , where he became chief of the land division; was afterwards 
 ethnologist in the Bureau of Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution, Wash 
 ington city; since 1880 has been engaged in the preparation of a history 
 of the Indian tribes of North America in their official relations to the 
 Government of the United States; he is now a private banker at Troy, 
 Miami County, Ohio. Comrade Royce has been a continuous member of 
 the G. A. R., in good standing, since he was mustered into Post No. i, at 
 Washington, D. C. , August 9, 1867; was a charter member of Lincoln 
 Post in that city, its first adjutant, and twice re-elected; in 1869 was a 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 293 
 
 delegate to the department encampment; in 1870 and 1871, assistant 
 adjutant-general of the department of the Potomac; in 1871 was appointed 
 assistant adjutant-general on the staff of General John A. Logan, then 
 Commander-in- Chief ; the same year was elected a delegate to the national 
 encampment held in Boston, and with one exception has attended each 
 national encampment since that date; in 1871 was also elected commander 
 of Lincoln Post; in 1872 was appointed judge-advocate of the department 
 of the Potomac; in 1876, department inspector; in 1877 and 1878 was a 
 member of the national council of administration; in 1879 was elected 
 senior vice-department commander; in 1880 was unanimously chosen 
 department commander, declined a re-election; in 1886 was appointed 
 senior aid-de-camp on the staff of Commander-in-Chief Burdett, and in 
 that capacity attended the twentieth national encampment at San Fran 
 cisco; although a resident of Troy, Ohio, he still maintains his member 
 ship of Lincoln Post, G. A. R., at Washington city. 
 
 ROBERT MORTON DAVIDSON. 
 
 Was born in Westmoreland County, Pa., August 7, 1847. Enlisted 
 in Company I, i45th Illinois Volunteers, in the spring of 1864, and served 
 as a private; was on garrison duty at Rolla, Mo., until mustered out in 
 September, 1864; was a student at Wesleyaii University, Bloomington, 
 Ills.; subsequently engaged in farming in that State; came to California 
 in 1878, and is at present employed in the San Jose Electric Light Com 
 pany; is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal. 
 
 JOHN P. SWALLOW. 
 
 Was born in Pittston, Luzerne County, Pa., May 16, 1831; was raised 
 011 a farm; received a common school education; resided in Nebraska Ty. 
 from 1856 to 1 86 1, when he went to Illinois. August 8, 1862, enlisted 
 in Company E, of the gist Illinois Regiment, and served as a private. 
 This regiment was in Kentucky and Missouri until after the surrender of 
 Vicksburg, when it was assigned to the 3d Division of the i3th Army 
 Corps; proceeding to New Orleans it served in the Southwestern Depart 
 ment until the close of the war, being mustered out at Mobile July 12, 
 1865. Took part in the battles at Elizabeth town, Atchafalaya, and the 
 Mobile campaign; was taken prisoner at Elizabeth town, but was paroled 
 and exchanged; was for six months on detached duty as chief clerk in 
 the commissary department at Brazos Santiago, Texas; after the war 
 returned to Illinois and engaged in farming until 1869, when he returned 
 
294 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 to Nebraska and pursued the same business in Johnson County until 1882, 
 when he removed to Pawnee County in the same State and engaged in 
 the coal business. Comrade Swallow is a charter member of Win. A. 
 Butler Post, G. A. R., of Burchard, Pawnee County, Neb., where he 
 resides, and was its senior vice-commander in 1885; was elected justice 
 of the peace the same year and one of the village trustees in 1886. 
 
 ALBERT L. BRAGG. 
 
 Was born in Washington County, Me., January 31, 1842; has been 
 engaged in various occupations, is at present a mill man. Enlisted in 
 Company A, 6th Maine Volunteers, May 3, 1861, and served as a private; 
 belonged to the 3d Brigade, ist Division, 6th Army Corps; began sen-ice 
 at Washington in the summer of 1861, and was stationed near there until 
 the commencement of the Peninsula campaign of General McClellan; took 
 part in all the battles to Malvern Hill; was at Antietam, Fredericksburg, 
 Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and other engagements; while acting as 
 orderly to General David A. Russell, was made prisoner near Warrenton, 
 Va. , by Mosby s command; was confined in Libby Prison, Richmond, 
 Va., and at Danville; from the latter place of confinement escaped with 
 sixty-two others, but was recaptured; was paroled and exchanged after 
 eight months imprisonment; w r as several months in hospital from the 
 effects of prison life; mustered out in September, 1864, by reason of expi 
 ration of term of enlistment; is a member of Sumner Post, G. A. R., at 
 Sacramento, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 SHADRACK B. A. CONDER. 
 
 Was born in Orange County, Ind., November 23, 1829, anc ^ was 
 raised on a farm. Enlisted in Company D, 6th United States Infantry, 
 in 1847, an d served through the Mexican War. In 1861 enlisted in the 
 24th Indiana Volunteers as a musician, and for six months belonged to 
 the regimental band; was commissioned 2d lieutenant, Company E, 66th 
 Indiana Volunteers, August 19, 1862; was engaged in the battle at Rich 
 mond, Ky., where twenty-five of his company were killed and wounded, 
 and where he received a slight wound in his leg; the regiment was cap 
 tured and paroled. After being exchanged was sent to Corinth, and 
 attached to the ist Brigade, 2d Division, i6th Army Corps; was also in 
 in the battles of Collierville, Tenn., Lay s Ferry, Ga., Dallas, Kenesaw 
 Mountain, Atlanta, Jonesboro, and in all the engagements of General 
 Sherman s army in the march to the sea and through the Carolinas; at 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 295 
 
 the surrender of General Joe E. Johnston s army, and in the grand review 
 at Washington city; mustered out June 2, 1865. Since the war, was for 
 a time engaged in merchandising, and in the saw and planing mill 
 business; was sheriff of Orleans County in 1882. Is a member and 
 senior vice-commander of Spicely Post, G. A. R., at Orleans, Ind., his 
 place of residence; was delegate to the department encampment at Indi 
 anapolis in February, 1886, and also to the twentieth national encamp 
 ment at San Francisco. 
 
 RUDOLPH PEDLAR. 
 
 Was born in Grant County, Wis., April i, 1843, an< ^ nas been engaged 
 in mining and stock-raising. Enlisted in Company G, 4th California 
 Infantry, February- 20, 1864, and served as a private; was on duty in Cal 
 ifornia, Arizona, and New Mexico; in engagement with Indians between 
 Camp Grant and Fort Whipple; present in the fight at Apache Pass, 
 where his company suffered severely, and in several other skirmishes with 
 Indians; mustered out of service March 31, 1866. Is a member of Warren 
 Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, his place of residence, and is its junior 
 vice-commander. 
 
 JOHN S. DALY. 
 
 Was born in New York city. Enlisted in Company D, 2d California 
 Cavalry, September 10, 1861; discharged on expiration of term of service, 
 September 24, 1864; re-enlisted in Company G, 2d California Cavalry, 
 October 2 7, 1864, and was finally mustered out February 16, 1866; served 
 in both enlistments as a sergeant; belonged to what was known as the 
 California Column, which operated in Arizona, New Mexico, and western 
 Texas. Comrade Daly was also with General A. J. Smith in the Red 
 River campaign in Texas; was in many fights and three times wounded, 
 in the right leg in two places, the first at Apache Pass by an arrow and 
 the second by a bullet at Fort Union, Tex. ; the third wound was received 
 in an action at Big Lake, Cal. , the ball striking him in the left shoulder, 
 where it still remains; he is a member of Sumner Post, G. A. R., at 
 Sacramento, Cal., which city is his place of residence. 
 
 GEORGE A. WARNER. 
 
 Was born in Hancock County, Ills., December 18, 1842; is a railroad 
 conductor. Enlisted August 26, 1861, in Company E of the ist Califor 
 nia Infantry, and re-enlisted December 9, 1864, in Company B of the 2d 
 California Cavalry; served as a private and as corporal. During first enlist 
 ment went campaigning over the California mountains, through Arizona, 
 
296 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 to the Indian battle of Apache Pass, on through New Mexico and Texas, 
 having many engagements with the Indians; patrolled the border on the 
 Rio Grande for six months, crossed the Jornada del Muerto seven times, 
 and as the distance is about ninety miles between water on the desert, the 
 perils of a trip must be experienced to be appreciated. In second enlist 
 ment served in Nevada and Idaho, during which time was engaged in 
 several Indian fights; was finally mustered out in June, 1866. Comrade 
 Warner is a member of Sunnier Post of Sacramento, Cal., where he 
 resides. 
 
 LEWIS T. ROLISON. 
 
 Was born in the township of Canton, Bradford County, Pa., June 12, 
 1838; his occupations in life have been those of farmer, carpenter, and 
 builder. Enlisted June 16, 1863, in Company C, 3oth Pennsylvania Militia, 
 called out to meet the emergency at the time of the invasion of Pennsyl 
 vania by the Confederate forces under General Lee; mustered out July 16, 
 1863; served as a private; again enlisted September 3, 1864, in Company 
 K, 1 5th N. Y. Engineers, as an artificer; assigned to duty under command 
 of General Benham, U. S. Engineer Corps, and ordered to City Point, 
 Va. , where the regiment constructed the principal part of the line of 
 entrenchments from the James River to the Appomattox, and was one 
 of the first organizations to enter Petersburg on the morning of April 3, 
 1865; mustered out of service, June 13, 1865. Comrade Rolison is a 
 member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R. , at San Jose, Cal. , where he resides. 
 
 JOHN PATTERSON REA. 
 
 Was born in Lower Oxford, Chester County, Pa., October 13. 1840; 
 prior to the war was at school and worked in a factory. Enlisted April 
 17, 1861 in Company B of the Eleventh Ohio Infantry; re-enlisted Aiigust 
 2oth following in Company I of the ist Ohio Cavalry; was commissioned 
 2d lieutenant, September 23, 1861, and was further promoted as follows: 
 ist lieutenant, March 12, 1862; captain, April i, 1863; and brevet major, 
 November 23, 1863; took part in all the battles in which his regiment 
 w r as engaged, and during his entire service of three years and four months 
 was never off duty but eight days, and then he was a prisoner of war; 
 resigned November 23, 1864; went to college and graduated at the Ohio 
 Wesleyan University in 1867; studied law and was admitted to practice 
 in 1868; was a member of the commission which erected the soldiers 
 monument at Lancaster, Pa. ; was a notary public in 1868, and was U. S. 
 Internal Revenue Assessor of the gth Pennsylvania District from April 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 297 
 
 7, 1869, to May 12, 1873; removed to Minneapolis, Minn., where he was 
 editor of the daily Tribune from January i, 1875, to May i, 1877; was 
 Jndge of Probate of Hennepin Comity, Minn., from January i, 1878, to 
 December 31, 1883; was senior member of the law firm of Rea, Kitchel, 
 & Shaw, for several years preceding his appointment as district judge 
 of the fourth district of Minnesota; was captain of Company A of the ist 
 regiment Minnesota National Guard, two years, and since 1883 has been 
 the commissary general of the State, with the rank of brigadier-general. 
 Comrade Rea first joined the G. A. R. at Piqua, Ohio, in 1866, as a 
 charter member, but was transferred to George H. Thomas Post, of Lan 
 caster, Pa., in October, 1867, and afterwards became a member of George 
 N. Morgan Post, No. 4, department of Minnesota, in February, 1881, and 
 served as its first commander; was a delegate to the department encamp 
 ment of Ohio in 1867; junior vice-commander, chaplain, quartermaster, 
 and commander of Post No. 84, of Pennsylvania; member of department 
 council of administration ; senior vice department commander and depart 
 ment commander of Minnesota; and Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, 
 which he was elected at Minneapolis in 1884. 
 
 JOSEPH H. CARRINGTON. 
 
 Was born in Princeton, N. J., January 7, 1839, and is by occupation a 
 carpenter. Enlisted in Company G, 22d New Jersey Volunteers, September 
 i, 1862, and served as a private; belonged to the Army of the Potomac; was 
 engaged in the battle of Fredericksburg, the famous mud march along 
 the Rappahannock in January, 1863, and battle of Chancellorsville ; 
 mustered out by reason of expiration of term of enlistment in June, 1863; 
 is a member of Sumner Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal.; has been 
 its junior vice-commander, and is at present its quartermaster-sergeant; 
 is a resident of that citv. 
 
 OSCAR F. LOCHHEAD. 
 
 Was born in Plymouth, Wayne County, Mich., November 28, 1838; 
 received a commercial education; his occupations have been book-keeper 
 and commercial traveler. Enlisted in Company H, 2d Michigan Volun 
 teer Infantry, April 25, 1861; served as corporal, sergeant, color-sergeant, 
 quartermaster-sergeant, and sergeant-major; was commissioned ist lieu 
 tenant in September, 1864, and appointed regimental quartermaster in 
 October of the same year; in the battles of Blackburn Ford, ist Bull Run* 
 Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Cold Harbor, Spottsylvania Court-house, seven 
 
298 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 days fight before Richmond, Malvern Hill, Vicksburg, Knoxville, Tenn., 
 and other engagements; mustered out at Detroit, Mich., July 24, 1865; is 
 a member of Governor Crapo Post, G. A. R., at Flint, Mich., where he 
 resides; has served as its officer of the day, and is now its commander, in 
 addition to his position as assistant adjutant-general of the G. A. R., 
 department of Michigan. 
 
 JAMES GATES. 
 
 Born in Yorkshire, England, January 5, 1 836 ; learned the trade of black 
 smith and wagon-maker; came to the United States in 1852, and in 1853 
 and 1854 was in the Government employ at Fort Taylor, Key West, Fla., 
 and assisted in mounting the first guns at that fort; accompanied Walker 
 in his Central American expedition in 1860, taking part in the storming 
 of Truxillo and the other fights, was captured, and confined at Truxillo 
 for several weeks as a prisoner of war, but finally released and with others 
 of the party landed at New Orleans in October, 1860. On the secession 
 of the State of Louisiana he was offered a commission in a Louisiana 
 regiment which he declined. On account of his Union sentiments he was 
 forced to leave the State; making his way to Springfield, Ills., he enlisted 
 in Company G, yth Illinois Volunteers, and at the end of the three months 
 service re-enlisted July 19, 1861, for three years in Company K, gth Illi 
 nois Volunteers; was commissioned 2d lieutenant December 10, 1862, and 
 promoted to ist lieutenant October 18, 1863; engaged in the battles of 
 Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, and all the other actions in which his 
 regiment participated until mustered out at Springfield, Ills., August 20, 
 1864. At the battle of Donelson received three wounds in the left shoul 
 der and breast. After discharge from military service went to Nashville, 
 Tenn., and entered the employ of the Government in the railroad service. 
 Although a civilian took part in the battle of Nashville under General 
 Thomas; is a member of Curtis Post, G. A. R., at Siloam Springs, Ben- 
 ton County, Ark., and has been junior vice-department commander. 
 Resides at Cincinnati, Washington County, Ark., where he is engaged in 
 the manufacture of wagons and agricultural implements. 
 
 AHIMAN V. BOHN. 
 
 Was born in Massillon, Ohio, November 12, 1836; was in the railroad 
 service as passenger conductor, ticket agent, etc., before the war. Enlisted 
 May 24, 1861, in Company K of the i5th Illinois Infantry, in which he 
 was promoted through the various grades private, lieutenant, brigade 
 quartermaster, and major the latter commission bearing date of June 20, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 299 
 
 1864; was attached to the i6th and i/th Army Corps; was in the battles 
 at Shiloh, Hatchie River, Vicksburg, Atlanta, and was with Sherman 
 on his march to the sea; was honorably discharged from the service June 
 23, 1865; since the war and until 1874 ,was engaged in coal-mining, as 
 superintendent, manager, and owner, in Missouri and Illinois, and since 
 1878 has been engaged in silver-mining in Leadville, Col., where he 
 resides. Comrade Bohn is a member of James A. Garfield Post, G. A. R., 
 of Leadville, Col.; served one term as post commander, and was depart 
 ment commander in 1885; he is one of five brothers who served in the war, 
 two of whom were wounded and broken in health. 
 
 A. C. CARTER. 
 
 Was born in Northampton County, Va. ; has been a coachman, jan 
 itor, and porter. Enlisted October 17, 1863, in the loth U. S. Colored 
 Infantry, and served as a private; was attached to the 25th Army Corps; 
 took part in the battles at Wilson s Landing, Petersburg, and others along 
 the James River; was wounded at Dutch Gap in 1864; was honorably 
 discharged after the war. Comrade Carter joined Shaw T Post, G. A. R. , 
 department of Virginia, in 1867, and served as adjutant for three years; 
 was then transferred to Calloux Post, of Norfolk, Va. , of which post he is 
 a past commander. 
 
 MILTON S. CATLETT. 
 
 Was born in Berkeley County, Va., December 7, 1817, and is by 
 occupation a carpenter. Enlisted in Estes Battery, 8th Indiana Artillery, 
 November 16, 1861, and served as a sergeant; belonged to the Army of the 
 Cumberland; engaged in the battles of Shiloh, Corinth, luka, Huntsville, 
 McMinnville, Munfordville, Perryville, and Stone River, where he was 
 badly wounded, a fragment of shell striking him on spine, in consequence 
 of which, after some months in hospital, on surgeon s certificate of dis 
 ability, he was discharged from service September 25, 1863. Is a member 
 of Warren Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., where he resides. Com 
 rade Catlett is also a veteran of the Mexican War. 
 
 RANDOLPH E. SLAWSON. 
 
 Born in the town of Brockton, Chautauqua County, N. Y., March 2, 
 1843; nas been engaged in fanning and mining; is at present the agent at 
 Oakland, Cal., of an agricultural implement house in Davenport, Neb. 
 Enlisted in Company C, 95th Illinois Volunteers, August 8, 1862, and 
 served as a private and corporal; belonged to the 3d Brigade, 4th Division, 
 
300 
 
 1 7th Army Corps; was engaged in the siege and battles of Vicksburg, 
 Grand Gulf, Raymond, Champion Hills, Natchez, Red River expedition, 
 Fort DeRussy, Old River, Cloutierville, Mansura, La., Yellow Bayou, 
 Guntown, Miss., campaign against Price in Missouri in the fall of 1864; 
 at Nashville, Mobile, Ala., siege of Spanish Fort and charge on works 
 April 8, 1865, and Fort Blakely; was wounded in head by musket-ball at 
 Vicksburg May 22, 1862; mustered out at Springfield, Ills., August 16, 
 1865; is a member of J. B. Manzer Post, G. A. R., at Harvard, McHenry 
 County, Ills. In 1866 emigrated to Montana, and for eighteen years was 
 engaged in mining, then entered into the hardware business with his 
 brother at Davenport, Neb. 
 
 JOHN C. FRIEND. 
 
 Was born July 16, 1847, ^ n Chandlerville, Cass County, Ills.; has 
 been a telegraph operator and miner, and is at present a journalist. 
 Enlisted August 3, 1863, in Company G of the nth Ohio Cavalry, and 
 served with that regiment as private and as corporal until July 21, 1866, 
 the date of his honorable discharge at Fort Laramie, Wy. Ty ; took part in 
 the battle with Indians at Platte Bridge in July, 1865; was one of those 
 who went out and carried in the dead under a heavy fire. Comrade Friend 
 is a member and was one of the organizers of C. W. Collins Post, G. A. R., 
 at Rawlins, Wy. Ty., where he resides; has served as adjutant and com 
 mander of his post; in 1871 he served in the lower house of the Wyoming 
 Legislature, and in 1873 and 1877 in the upper house, or council; is now 
 postmaster and editor, and manager of the Carbon County Journal, at 
 Rawlins; has been secretary of the Wyoming Press Association ever since 
 its organization three years ago; is at present city clerk at his place of 
 residence. 
 
 PHILIP CHEEK, JR. 
 
 Was born May n, 1841, in Silverton, Somersetshire, England; was 
 a farmer before the war. Enlisted April 26, 1861, in Company A of the 
 6th Wisconsin Infantry, and served as a private; was attached to the 
 famous Iron Brigade of the 5th Army Corps; took part in the battles at 
 Rappahannock Station, Gainesville, second Bull Run, South Mountain, 
 and Antietam; in the latter engagement was severely wounded in the 
 ankle by the bursting of a shell, and as a consequence was honorably 
 discharged at Washington, D. C., December 27, 1862. He has never 
 fully recovered from this injury. After discharge studied law, and is now 
 engaged in the practice of his profession at Barlow, W is. Comrade Cheek 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 301 
 
 is a charter member of Joe Hooker Post, G. A. R. , department of Wis 
 consin; was commander of his post two years, department commander 
 of Wisconsin 1883-84, and assistant adjutant-general of the department 
 1885-86. W T as deputy provost marshal of the 3d District of Wisconsin 
 from November 16, 1863, until the close of the war; clerk of the court of 
 Sank County six years, and district attorney of same for five years. 
 
 EVERETT W. FOSTER. 
 
 Was born in Belchertown, Hampshire County, Mass., March 17,1835; 
 received an academic education, and before the war was engaged in the 
 occupation of land surveyor. Enlisted in Company G, 3d Minnesota 
 Infantry, October 23, 1861, as a private; was commissioned captain 
 November 6, 1861, major, July 15, 1863, and lieutenant-colonel, April 15, 
 1864; belonged to the yth Army Corps; was in the battles of Murfrees- 
 boro, Tenn. , Fitzhugh s Woods, Ark., Little Rock, siege of Vicksburg, 
 and other engagements; was captured at Murfreesboro, and was a prisoner 
 of war for three months before being exchanged; resigned from service 
 at Duvall s Bluff, Ark., May 22, 1865; engaged in cotton-planting in 
 Arkansas for three years; afterwards moved to Louisiana and was sur 
 veyor-general of that State from 1870 to 1874; is at present a wheat- 
 raiser in Dakota Ty. , and a dealer in agricultural machinery in Frankfort, 
 Spink County; is a member of Sol. Meredith Post, G. A. R., at that 
 place, and has been its junior and senior vice-commander and commander; 
 was a delegate to the 2oth national encampment which met at San Fran 
 cisco. 
 
 DAVID F. CHADEAYNE. 
 
 Was born at Patchogue, Long Island, N. Y. , October 15, 1842, and 
 at the outbreak of the war was a carpenter s apprentice. Enlisted in 
 Company A, loth Connecticut Volunteers, September 21, 1861, and at 
 the expiration of his term of service re-enlisted in the same regiment, and 
 was made ist sergeant of Company H; took part in the battles of New 
 Berne, N. C., Kinston, White Hall, Goldsborough Bridge, Washington, 
 N. C. , Ransomville, James Island, S. C., Fort Wagner, siege of Charles 
 ton, Bermuda Hundred, Va., Petersburg, Drewry s Bluff, Deep Bottom, 
 Darby town Road (first and second battles), Chapin s Farm, New Market 
 Road, siege of Petersburg, and assault on Fort Gregg April 2, 1865, in 
 which action he received a gunshot wound in the head; was honorably 
 discharged from the service at Hartford, Conn., August 17, 1865. Com 
 rade Chadeayne, after the war, located in Birmingham, Conn., where he 
 
302 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 still resides, and is a dealer in pianos, organs, and other musical instru 
 ments. He is a member of Kellogg Post, G. A. R.; was for two years its 
 quartermaster, and the same length of time post commander; in 1885 was 
 inspector on the staff of Department Commander Sloat, and a delegate 
 from Connecticut to the twentieth national encampment, which met at 
 San Francisco August 2, 1886. 
 
 GEORGE S. EVANS. 
 
 Born in Cardigan, Wales, September 12, 1841; came to America 
 when eight years of age; learned the trade of printer in Montreal, Canada, 
 after which removed to Cambridge, Mass., where he worked at the River 
 side Press book printing establishment until he enlisted as a private in Com 
 pany G, 56th Massachusetts Volunteers, January 18, 1864; was afterwards 
 promoted to corporal, and sergeant; belonged to the ist Brigade, ist Division, 
 9th Army Corps; in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court 
 house, North Anna, Cold Harbor, battle of the Mine, Weldon Railroad, 
 Poplar Springs Church, Hatcher s Run, siege and capture of Petersburg; 
 mustered out of service July, 1865. Comrade Evans has been a member 
 of William H. Smart Post, G. A. R., at Cambridgeport, Mass., and has 
 held many positions in the post, including that of commander; he was a 
 member of the department council of administration two years, senior 
 vice-department commander, and in 1883 was department commander, 
 also two years a member of the national council of administration, and 
 senior aid-de-camp to Commander-in-Chief Louis Wagner. Since 1872 
 has been employed in the railway mail service, and is now a chief clerk at 
 Boston, Mass. 
 
 JOHN G. BERRY. 
 
 Was born in New York city, December 13, 1838, and before the Civil 
 War w r as engaged in farming and mining on Lake Superior, Michigan. 
 Enlisted in Company A, i6th Michigan Infantry, August 3, 1861, for 
 three years, and at the expiration of term of service re-enlisted for the 
 war in the same company and regiment; served as a private, corporal, 
 sergeant, ist lieutenant, and captain; belonged to the 3d Brigade, ist 
 Division, 5th Army Corps, and was in all the battles of the Army of the 
 Potomac, after August 3, 1861, to the surrender at Appomattox, with the 
 exception of Fair Oaks, the 5th Corps at that time being engaged in action 
 at Hanover Court-house; was wounded at the battle of Fredericksburg in 
 the right arm by a minie-bullet; honorably discharged from the service at 
 the close of the war; since then has been a clerk in a large wholesale 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 303 
 
 hardware house at Detroit, Mich. ; engaged at that place in the real estate 
 business; afterwards removed to Berry ville, Otsego County, Mich., his 
 present residence, and engaged in a mercantile, lumber, and saw-mill 
 business; is a member of General Harker Post, G. A. R., at Vanderbilt 
 Mich.; was its first commander and held the position for two years; is also 
 president of the Soldiers and Sailors Association of northern Michigan; was 
 elected an alternate delegate to the twentieth national encampment at San 
 Francisco, Cal. 
 
 DUNCAN H. MCDONALD. 
 
 Was born in the province of Wellington, Canada West, April 26, 
 1835, and is by occupation a locomotive engineer. Enlisted in Company 
 B, ist Ohio Cavalry, October 19, 1861, and served as a private; in the 
 battles of Missionary Ridge and Knoxville, took part in General Stone- 
 man s cavalry raid to Macon, Ga. ; with General Sherman from Chatta 
 nooga to Atlanta, and present at the siege of the latter place, in the 
 inarch to the sea and through the Carolinas, and in all the attendant 
 engagements. Mustered out at Raleigh, N. C., October 19, 1864, by 
 reason of expiration of term of service; is a member of Warren Post, 
 G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 JOHN H. MEASURE. 
 
 Was born in Trenton, N. J., April 3, 1850; his occupations have been 
 farmer and teamster. Enlisted at the age of fourteen years and six months 
 as a private in Company K, 28th Michigan Volunteers, October 8, 1864; 
 belonged to the 2d Brigade, ist Division, 23d Army Corps; first served in 
 Kentucky and Tennessee, taking part in the battle of Nashville; the regi 
 ment was then transferred to the department of North Carolina; was pres 
 ent at the battle of Kinston, N. C. , in which he received a slight wound 
 in the hand, his father, who was a member of the same company, being 
 at the same time severely wounded in the head; mustered out of service 
 in June, 1866; is a member of Warren Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, 
 Cal., and has been its junior vice-commander; is a resident of that city. 
 
 WILUAM B. DAVIS. 
 
 Was born in Hocking County, Ohio, June 17, 1844; his occupations 
 in life have been those of book-keeper and merchant. Enlisted in Com 
 pany G, 1 8th Ohio Volunteers (three months service), June 4, 1861; 
 re-enlisted in i8th Ohio Volunteers on its reorganization as a three years 
 regiment, September 26, 1861, serving as a musician; was in the Army of 
 
304 
 
 Ohio in the Green River campaign, and up to the evacuation of Bowling 
 Green, Ky.; in consequence of the disbandment of the regimental bands, 
 was mustered out March 10, 1862. Enlisted for the third time in Com 
 pany H, 8 yth Ohio Volunteers, and was made prisoner at Harper s Ferry, 
 Va., on the surrender of that place by Colonel Dixon S. Miles, 2d U. S. 
 Infantry, the commanding officer; exchanged, and mustered out at Camp 
 Delaware, Ohio, by reason of expiration of term of service, October 5, 
 
 1862. Is a member of Snmner Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., his 
 place of residence. 
 
 LAMONT W. ESTES. 
 
 Was born in Pontiac, Mich., July 31, 1845, an d is by occupation a 
 machinist. Enlisted in Company C, i6th New T York Cavalry, May 14, 
 
 1863, and served as a corporal and sergeant; was attached to the 22d 
 Army Corps, which had charge of the defenses of Washington city; was 
 constantly engaged in skirmishing with Mosby s guerrillas and other 
 detachments of the rebel forces; ranged the country from Alexandria, 
 Va., to Frederick, Md., and on the upper Potomac River; was several 
 months at Centerville, Va. , operating in all directions; it was picket and 
 scouting duty of the most exhaustive character; was over fifty times under 
 fire; mustered out at Alexandria, Va., June 22, 1865. Is a member of 
 Sunnier Post, G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 JOHN A. SNELLING. 
 
 Was born in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, in 1832; has been a school 
 teacher and is at present a farmer; enlisted in nth Illinois Volunteers 
 April 24, 1862, and served as a private until March, 1863, when he was 
 commissioned as 2d lieutenant; belonged to the brigade commanded by 
 General G. M. Dodge; was in the battle of Corinth and numerous other 
 engagements and skirmishes in Mississippi aad Alabama; honorably dis 
 charged at Chattanooga, Tenn., at the close of the war in the spring of 
 1865; is a member of John A. Andrew Post, at Wahoo, Saunders County, 
 Neb., in the neighborhood of which place he resides. 
 
 JETHRO T. McCULLOUGH. 
 
 Was born in Cecil County, Maryland, June 30, 1841 ; has been a steam 
 engineer and is at present a farmer. Enlisted in Company C, 2d Delaware 
 Infantry, May 12, 1861, and served as a private; honorably discharged, by 
 expiration of term of service, June 24, 1864; re-enlisted in the i95th 
 Pennsylvania Volunteers, and was commissioned as 2d lieutenant of 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 305 
 
 Company D, February 14, 1865; belonged to the 4th Brigade, 2d Division, 
 2d Army Corps; was in the battles of Fair Oaks, Games Mills, Chantilly, 
 Malvern Hill, Chancellorsville, Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Spottsylvania 
 Court-house, and siege of Petersburg; was taken prisoner at Chancellors 
 ville, May 3, 1863; mustered out with regiment at close of war in the 
 spring of 1865; is a member of James A. Garfield Post, G. A. R. , at town of 
 Rising Sun, Cecil County, Md. , near which place he resides; has filled all 
 the offices in the post, including that of commander, and is the senior vice- 
 department commander of Maryland. 
 
 A. S. HOPKINS. 
 
 Was born in Cambridge, Lamoille County, Vt, March 21, 1837; his 
 occupations in life have been teacher and merchant. Enlisted in Company 
 H, ist Vermont Infantry Volunteers, May i, 1861, and served as a private; 
 was stationed at Fortress Monroe, Va. , under the command of General 
 Butler; was at the capture of Hampton, Va. , and assisted in fortifying 
 Newport News; served on the lower end of Peninsula until expiration of 
 the three months term of service; mustered out on August u, 1861, at 
 Brattleboro, Vt., shortly afterwards came to California; was ist lieu 
 tenant of the Maine Prairie Rifles of Solano County, organized for home 
 guard purposes; was justice of the peace in Solano County for twenty 
 years; is a trustee of the Sacramento City Public Library; president of the 
 Northern California Immigration Society ; a director of Board of Trade of 
 Sacramento, and a member of Sunnier Post, G. A. R., at that city. 
 
 JOHN C. S. BURGER. 
 
 Was born in Washington city, D. C., December 26, 1840; his parents 
 removed to New York city in his early youth, where he resided at the 
 outbreak of the Rebellion. Enlisted in Company C, 7 ist Regiment, New 
 York State Militia, for three months, and was engaged in the first battle 
 of Bull Run the very day -his term of service expired. Re-enlisted in 
 Company K, I33d New York Volunteers; was severely wounded before 
 Port Hudson, La., in May, 1863, and after recovery was transferred to 
 Company I, I2th Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, in which he served 
 out his time of enlistment, and was honorably discharged the service Sep 
 tember 25, 1865. Entered the civil service of the Government immedi 
 ately after his discharge, where he has ever since been employed, with the 
 exception of three and a half years. Is a graduate of law department of 
 Georgetown College, and since his connection with the Grand Army of 
 
 u 
 
ttoi! RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the Republic has occupied the positions of adjutant, senior vice-com 
 mander, and commander of Kit Carson Post at Washington city, and 
 assistant adjutant-general of the department of the Potomac during the 
 last half of the year 18(85; is at present department inspector. The 
 department commander, N. M. Brooks, at the eighteenth annual encamp 
 ment of the department of the Potomac, held in Washington city January 
 21, 1886, in speaking of his conduct as assistant adjutant-general, said: 
 For the intelligent performance of duty, for unremitting industry, untir 
 ing perseverance, for accuracy, punctuality, and all the virtiies which go 
 to make up a good officer, comrade Burger has, in my opinion, had no 
 superior in the office he now holds." The committee on commander s 
 address recommended that additional compensation be made "as a recog 
 nition of such services." The committee on reports of officers declared 
 that "the effective work of Assistant Adjutant-General Burger cannot be 
 too highly praised," and Inspector-General Argus 1). Vanosdol, in his 
 report to the national encampment, G. A. R., held in San Francisco, Cal., in 
 August, 1886, says: "The written report of Department Inspector Burger 
 evinces a thorough practical knowledge of the duties of his position, and 
 the same have been admirably discharged by him in improvement of post 
 work and discipline." 
 
 T. S. PKCK. 
 
 Theodore SafFord Peck was born in Burlington, Yt. , March 22, 1843; 
 enlisted September i, 1861, and served as a private in the ist Vermont 
 Cavalry; July 9, 1862, was promoted to regimental quartermaster-sergeant 
 of the gtli Vermont Infantry; was commissioned 2d lieutenant January i, 
 1863, and July i, 1864, was appointed ist lieutenant; was commissioned 
 February 25, 1865, as captain and assistant quartermaster; was present 
 and took part in the battles at Middletown, Winchester, and the siege of 
 Suffolk ; in the skirmishes of Nansemond and Blackwater rivers, and 
 was with General Dix in the raids on the peninsula between Yorktown 
 and Richmond; took part in the action at Newport Barracks and in the 
 raids on Swansboro and Jacksonville; in 1864 was on duty with the 
 Army of the Potomac before Petersburg, and in the trenches before 
 Bermuda Hundred; was present at the assault on Fort Harrison and in 
 its defense the next day; his regiment also took part in the second battle 
 at Fair Oaks in 1864; was ordered with his command to New York at 
 the time of the riots; returning to the Army of the James, was present 
 at the siege and surrender of Richmond; during this varied service of 
 nearly four years was attached to the ist, 3d, gth, i8th, and 24th Army 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 307 
 
 Corps in the armies of the Potomac and the James; after the close of 
 the war was offered two commissions in the Regular Army, but declin 
 ing both, returned to Vermont and was appointed chief of the Governor s 
 staff with the rank of colonel; was afterwards colonel of the ist Infantry 
 Regiment of the Vermont National Guard; was the third veteran soldier 
 in Vermont to join the G. A. R.; was a charter member of Stannard 
 Post, G. A. R., of Burlington; was assistant adjutant -general of that 
 department in 1869; in 1872 senior vice-commander, and in 1876 and 
 1877 department commander; in 1881 was appointed by Governor Farn- 
 liam adjutant and inspector-general, and has since then been twice elected 
 to the same position without opposition. In 1869 was an insurance agent; 
 he now represents fire, life, marine, and accident insurance companies; 
 with an extensive business throughout Vermont and Canada. 
 
 CHARLES HENRY DOE. 
 
 Is a native of Penobscot County, Me., and is a carpenter. Enlisted 
 July i, 1863, in the 9th Kansas Cavalry; served as a sergeant; belonged 
 to the 7th Army Corps; on frontier duty during most of the time of his 
 enlistment; was engaged in several skirmishes with the command of Jeff 
 Thompson, QuantrelTs men, Joe Shelby s, and other guerrilla parties on 
 the borders of Missouri, Kansas, and Arkansas; when not scouting, was 
 employed in guarding supply-trains to the general depot at Fort Smith, 
 Ark.; mustered out July 17, 1865. Is a member of Governor Morton 
 Post, G. A. R., at Calistoga, Cal., and is at present a resident of Oak 
 land, Cal. 
 
 PERRY STARKWEATHER. 
 
 Was born in Oakland County, Mich., November 20, 1845, and was 
 raised a farmer s boy. Enlisted in Company I, gth Michigan Volunteer 
 Infantry, August 15, 1861, at Detroit, being the youngest of five brothers 
 then in the service. His regiment was sent to join the western army 
 then organizing in Kentucky, and was in continuous service until the war 
 closed, being most of the time in the i4th Army Corps and participating 
 in all the battles of the Army of the Cumberland. Young Starkweather 
 was promoted to sergeant, and when mustered out September 15, 1865, at 
 Nashville, Tenn., was the ist sergeant of his company; had been then 
 in the service over four years, and had never missed a march or a battle 
 in which his regiment was engaged. When discharged was not nineteen 
 years of age. Since the war has been mate and pilot on steamers between 
 Buffalo and Chicago, and was for ten years employed in the post-office 
 
308 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 at Detroit, Mich. In May, 1882, removed to St. Paul, Minn., and estab 
 lished the St. Panl Knitting Works for the manufacture of fine woolen- 
 knit goods, and is vice-presiden.t of the company operating the mills. By 
 transfer from Garfield Post became a charter member of Winthrop Post, 
 G. A. R., at St. Paul, Minn., on its organization; is its quartermaster and 
 for two years has been a member of the Minnesota department council 
 of administration. At the national encampment held at Portland, Me., 
 in 1885, was elected a member of the national council of administration. 
 His wife, Mrs. Mary E. Starkweather, is a department president of the 
 Woman s Relief Corps. 
 
 JOHN B. HUEBSCHMAN. 
 
 Was born in the kingdom of Bavaria, February 15, 1837, and has 
 been a miner and engaged in the drug business; first enlisted in the spring 
 of 1862 in Company G, ist Regiment of Washington Territory Volun 
 teers, after discharge from which, enlisted in Company C, 4th California 
 Infantry; served as a private; was on escort duty and guarding trains in 
 Arizona; mustered out February 21, 1866; is a member of Simmer Post > 
 G. A. R., at Sacramento, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 M. B. HARE. 
 
 Was born July 30, 1844, in Carey, Ohio; has been a farmer and tele 
 grapher, and is at present a railroad agent. Enlisted February 4, 1864, in 
 the 49th Ohio Regiment, and served as a private; was attached to the ist 
 Brigade, 3d Division, 4th Army Corps; was in the engagements at Rocky 
 Face Ridge, Resaca, Pickett s Mills, Lost Mountain, Atlanta, Jonesboro, 
 and others; was honorably discharged from the service June 25, 1865. 
 Comrade Hare is a member of Thomas Lilley Post, G. A. R., of Georges- 
 ville, Ohio, his place of residence. 
 
 H. H. LINNELL. 
 
 Was born August 13, 1840, in Monroe County, N. Y. ; has been a 
 hardware salesman and merchant. Enlisted May 10, 1861, in Company 
 D of the 5th Wisconsin Infantry, and served as a private, corporal, quar 
 termaster-sergeant, and ist lieutenant commission bearing date of July 
 2, 1864; was attached to the 6th Army Corps, and served in various 
 brigades in the ist and 2d divisions of that corps; re-enlisted as a veteran 
 February 16, 1864; was a participant in the engagements and battles at 
 Lewinsville, Lee s Mills, Yorktown, Williamsburg, Golden s Farm, Savage 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 309 
 
 Station, White Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, Harrison s Landing, second 
 Bull Run, Cromptons Gap, Antietam, Chancellorsville, Cold Harbor, 
 Opequon, Hatcher s Run, attack on Petersburg, and the battles during the 
 campaign preliminary to the surrender of General Lee; was slightly 
 wounded in ear at Lee s Mills, Va., and in nose at Williamsburg; also 
 severely in right foot at Opequon; at the time of the capture of Peters 
 burg, and subsequently, was serving on the staff of General Frank Wheaton ; 
 was honorably discharged July n, 1865. Comrade Linnell is a member 
 of Stunner Post, of Sacramento, Cal., of which place he is at present a 
 resident. 
 
 JOSHUA PECKHAM. 
 
 Was born at Newport, R. I., August 15, 1839; has been a merchant; 
 is at present a lumberman. Enlisted in Company F, 25th Illinois Volun 
 teers, June 4, 1 86 1, and served as a private; was on duty with his regiment 
 in the military department of Missouri guarding railroads and bridges 
 and operating against the forces under the rebel general Price; constant 
 exposure to wet and cold brought on a violent attack of rheumatism, and 
 after lingering some months in hospital, there being no prospect of regain 
 ing his health sufficient to render him fit for active duty, comrade Peck- 
 ham was discharged from service in February, 1862, on surgeon s certificate 
 of disability; in 1880 he came to California; is a resident of San Jose, and 
 a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at that place. 
 
 JAMES K. SECORD. 
 
 Was born in Ontario, Canada West, July 15, 1835; is a physician and 
 surgeon; was educated at St. Catherine s Academy, Canada, and was a 
 student of medicine at Russ College, Chicago, at the outbreak of the Civil 
 War; enlisted as a private in Company F, 77th Illinois Volunteers, August 
 22, 1862; was commissioned ad lieutenant September 2, 1862; pro 
 moted to ist lieutenant March 28, 1863, and to captain March 17, 1864; 
 belonged to ist Brigade, 4th Division, i3th Army Corps; was engaged in 
 battles of Arkansas Post, Port Gibson, Champion Hills, Black River 
 Bridge, siege of Vicksbiirg, from May i8th to its capture, July 4, 1863, 
 at Jackson, Miss., Sabine Cross-roads, Pleasant Hill, Cane River, forts 
 James and Morgan, capture of Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely ; honorably 
 discharged from service July 16, 1865; on return to civil life comrade 
 Secord resumed the study of medicine and surgery; was graduated from 
 Russ College in 1867, and engaged in practice in Illinois for two years; 
 his health failing on account of disease contracted in the army, and for 
 
310 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 which he draws a pension, he went to Texas and finally came to California 
 in the hopes of regaining- his strength; is at present engaged in the drug 
 business and practice of his profession at San Jose; is a member of John 
 A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at that place, to which he was transferred from 
 Dan McCook G. A. R. Post, at Ellsworth, Ills., and of which he had been 
 adjutant and inspector. 
 
 MARION T. ANDERSON. 
 
 Was born in Clarksburg, Decatur County, Ind., November 13, 1839, 
 and until the outbreak of the War of the Rebellion was raised principally 
 on a farm; was educated partly in the public schools; attended the high 
 school at Kokoma, Ind., after which he entered the Northwestern Chris 
 tian University at Indianapolis, which he left to enlist as a private in 
 Company C, yth Indiana Volunteers, April 22, 1861 a three months 
 service regiment. On his discharge he re-entered the university and 
 resumed his studies for a time. Re-enlisted in Company D, 5ist Indiana 
 Volunteers, October i, 1861; served as company clerk, orderly-sergeant, 
 and sergeant-major; commissioned 2d lieutenant April 30, 1862, and cap 
 tain December n, 1862; during the summer and fall of 1864 acted as 
 major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of his regiment, and as such up to 
 his leaving the service, June 16, 1865; was attached to the Army of Ohio, 
 Army of the Cumberland, I4th, 4th, and 2ist Army Corps, ist and 2d 
 Brigades; at the battles of Philippi, Laurel Hill, Carrick s Ford, Shiloh, 
 Corinth, Perry ville, Stone River, La Vergne, Davis Mountain, Sand 
 Mountain, Blount s Farm, Dal ton, Pulaski, Franklin, and Nashville; 
 was wounded three times the first time by the explosion of a shell at 
 Stone River, which caused concussion of the brain, rendered him insensi 
 ble for thirty-six hours, and laid him up for several months; the second 
 at Davis Moiintain, Ala., w r here he was hit by a minie-ball on the left side 
 of the neck, and the third at Nashville, by a slug through the hips and 
 the lower portion of the spine; was captured near Rome, Ga., in the raid 
 under General Abel D. Streight to the rear of the rebel general Bragg s 
 army, and taken to Libby Prison, Richmond, Va. ; while there with other 
 Union captains, prisoners of war, was, by order of the rebel general 
 Winder, in charge of prisoners, compelled to draw lots as one of two 
 officers to be selected for execution in retaliation in case of capital pun 
 ishment by the Union forces of two rebel officers, captured under circum 
 stances which it was deemed did not entitle them to the usual usages of 
 war; the occasion was that in which captains Flynn and Sawyer were the 
 officers who drew the black beans, though fortunately their threatened 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 811 
 
 execution was not carried into effect. Comrade Anderson eventually 
 escaped from the hospital-room, to which he had been sent through sick 
 ness feigned for that purpose, and after many hazardous risks of recapture, 
 in a few days reached the Union lines; rejoined his regiment at Chatta 
 nooga; re-enlisted as a veteran with 350 of his men, and went in command 
 of them home on furlough; was tendered the lieutenant-colonelcy of the 
 i42d Indiana Volunteers, but declined, deeming it his duty to remain 
 with his old regiment. At the close of the war, was twice tendered a 
 commission of ist lieutenant in the Regular Army of the United States, 
 but owing to his disabled condition, in consequence of his severe wounds, 
 declined on both occasions. 
 
 After leaving the army, was superintendent of a large farm in western 
 Illinois; then engaged in the drug business at Red Oak, la., at which 
 place was postmaster for several years; resigned from office and gave up 
 business, and went to the mountains for a year in the endeavor to regain 
 his health, at the end of which time received the appointment, which he 
 now holds, of clerk in office of chief of engineers, U. S. Army; is a 
 member of Lincoln Post, G. A. R. , department of the Potomac, at Wash 
 ington city, and was aid-de-camp on staff of Commander-in-Chief Burdett. 
 
 JAMES J. HEALY. 
 
 Was born in Count}- Kerry, Ireland, March 6, 1848, and was but nine 
 months old when his parents emigrated to the United States; attended 
 public school at Chicago, the University of Notre Dame, South Bend, 
 Ind. , for two years, and then was transferred to the University of St. 
 Mary s at Chicago; while he was a student at the last-mentioned insti 
 tution of learning enlisted at the age of sixteen in Company G, i32d 
 Illinois Infantry in May, 1864, m which regiment he served in the depart 
 ment of Kentucky, being on duty at Paducah and in that vicinity until 
 the invasion of Missouri by the rebel general Price, when it formed a 
 portion of the forces sent to that State in the operations against Price; was 
 mustered out by reason of expiration of term of service, October 17, 1864; 
 enlisted in 1866 in Company C, 32d United States Infantry; served three 
 years in the Territory of Arizona; was promoted to corporal, sergeant, and 
 ist sergeant of his company; in the reorganization in 1869, by the con 
 solidation of the 2 ist and 32d regiments of infantry, became ist sergeant 
 of Company C, 2 ist U. S. Infantry, and was honorably discharged as such, 
 May 12, 1869; was wounded in left leg by an arrow, in a fight with 
 Indians at Grief Hill, Arizona, while commanding the guard to a supply- 
 train en route to Camp Verde, Arizona; returned to Chicago after discharge 
 
312 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 and on the recommendation of General Sheridan was placed on the police 
 force of that city; was appointed to a clerkship in the registry depart 
 ment of the Chicago post-office, from which he resigned to accept a deputy 
 clerkship in the superior court of Cook County, Ills. ; the position which 
 he holds at present being chancery default record writer and minute clerk 
 for Judge Gwynn Garnett, chancellor of the superior court. Comrade 
 Healy has been a member of Ransom Post, G. A. R., at Chicago, and 
 was for two years the senior vice-commander of that post; is at present a 
 member of General U. S. Grant Post, No. 28, department of Illinois; 
 attended the national encampment at Minneapolis, Minn., and at Portland, 
 Me. , as aid to Commander-in-Chief Kountz ; was a delegate to the twentieth 
 national encampment held in San Francisco, Cal. ; elected two terms 
 marshal of the Union Veteran club, and is at present the president of the 
 Veteran Union League at Chicago; in 1879 was commissioned ist lieu 
 tenant and aid-de-camp on the staff of General Torrance, commanding 
 ist Brigade, Illinois National Guard, and in 1881 was promoted to the 
 rank of major and inspector. 
 
 MARTIN HAGAN, M. D. 
 
 Was born in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, December 28, 1832; was edu 
 cated at Columbia College, New York city, and graduated at Starling 
 Medical College, Ohio, in 1856; entered the military service in August, 
 1861, as assistant surgeon 5 ist Ohio Volunteers, and belonged to the Army 
 of the Ohio; was present at the battles of Fort Donelson, Perry ville, 
 Stone River, and Chattanooga; owing to failing health resigned his com 
 mission in the 5 ist Regiment; but after a rest of a few months returned 
 to the service as surgeon of the i6ist Ohio Volunteers, which regiment 
 was sent to the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia; the doctor participated in 
 the battles of Harper s Ferry, Maryland Heights, and at Winchester; acted 
 frequently as brigade surgeon and in charge of hospitals after battles; was 
 honorably discharged with his regiment at the expiration of term of serv 
 ice; returning home to Ohio was elected treasurer of Tuscarawas County, 
 and after serving two years, for the purpose of acquiring a more extended 
 knowledge of his profession went to New York city, and attended the hos 
 pitals and medical schools, graduating at the College of Physicians and 
 Siirgeons in February, 1867; removing to St. Paul, Minn., he engaged in 
 his profession with great success for four years, when his health failing he 
 took a sea-voyage from San Francisco, visiting Honolulu, Australia, New 
 Zealand, and the South Sea Islands; in 1882 was placed in medical charge 
 of the insane of the Hawaiian Islands by appointment from the king; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 813 
 
 resigned after two years and came to California, and has since made his 
 residence in Los Angeles, where he practices his profession. Is a large 
 owner of real estate and a director of the Southern California National 
 Bank; is a member of Minnesota State Medical Society and has been its 
 president, member of St. Paul Medical Society, of Minnesota State His 
 torical Society, of St. Paul Academy of Science, also of the American 
 Medical Association, honorary member of the Ohio State Medical Society, 
 member of the California State Medical Society and Los Angeles County 
 Medical Society; belongs to Frank Bartlett Post, G. A. R., at Los Angeles, 
 of which he is surgeon. Comrade Hagan helped to organize the only 
 Grand Army post that has ever been established in a foreign country; he 
 was a charter member of Geo. W. DeLong Post, organized in Honolulu 
 in 1882. 
 
 J. W. BOYENTON. 
 
 Was born in Norwich, Conn., January 7, 1833; removed to Sag Har 
 bor, Long Island, N. Y. , in 1838, and was there engaged in spar-making 
 when the war broke out. Enlisted October 10, 1862, in Company H of the 
 8ist New York Infantry, the 2d Oswego Regiment; with the exception of 
 about six months spent in North and South Carolina with General Foster s 
 command, his regiment served with and shared the hardships of camp life 
 and the fields of battle of the Army of the Potomac throughout the war; 
 was mustered out at Fortress Monroe in August, 1865. After the war, 
 became a resident of Hampton, Va., and a member of the G. A. R. post 
 at that place; is at present engaged in the paint business. 
 
 CLARK PECK. 
 
 Was born in Dutchess County, N. Y., in 1827; was raised on a farm 
 until sixteen years old; attended school in the winter and worked in the 
 summer; served a full apprenticeship, and learned the trade of machinist; 
 worked at his trade three years; was afterwards in the daguerreotype and 
 photograph business until the breaking out of the war; soon after the war 
 broke out was appointed a recruiting officer, with the rank of lieutenant, 
 by Governor Morgan, of New York, and acted as such until September 2, 
 1862, when he was mustered into the service as captain of Company I of 
 the i35th New York Infantry; joined the Army of the Potomac, then 
 under the command of McClellan; after the battle of Antietam the i35th 
 regiment was changed to the 6th New York Heavy Artillery, and ordered 
 to Fort McHenry; garrisoned that fort for two months; was then again 
 ordered into the field, and from that time shared the fate of the Army of 
 
314 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the Potomac in all its marches and engagements until May, 1864, when 
 he became disabled for active service on account of disease contracted in 
 line of duty, the result of exposure, in consequence of which and on the 
 recommendation of the surgeon, he resigned and returned home, as he 
 supposed, to die; but after a long illness his health improved, and in 1867 
 he moved to New Haven, Conn., and assumed the management of the 
 music hall in that city; since 1877 has been proprietor and owner of the 
 Grand Opera House. Comrade Peck joined the G. A. R. in 1881, and 
 served one term as post commander, also as aid and inspector on the depart 
 ment staff, and as delegate to the twentieth national encampment at San 
 Francisco; is at present a member of Admiral Foote Post, G. A. R., of 
 New Haven, Conn. 
 
 SAMUEL W. LANE. 
 
 Was born in the town of Frankfort, Waldo County, Me., April 22, 
 1838, and after pursuing an academic course, preparatory to college, 
 studied law. Enlisted in the ist Maine Cavalry in September, 1861, and 
 served as a private; re-enlisted in the nth Maine Infantry in July, 1862, 
 serving as sergeant, commissary -sergeant, quartermaster-sergeant, and ser 
 geant-major; was promoted to 2d lieutenant nth Maine Volunteers Sep 
 tember i, 1863, anc ^ commissioned captain 25th U. S. Colored Troops 
 February 24, 1864. During his whole term of army service Captain Lane 
 was never absent from his company except when detailed on special serv 
 ice. While serving with his command at Pensacola, Fla. , was attacked 
 by a virulent fever. By advice of the medical director of his division, who 
 saw no hope of his recovery in Florida, he was sent back to Maine, and 
 was mustered out at Augusta, Me., November 12, 1864, on surgeon s 
 certificate of disability. The change of climate effecting in a measure a 
 restoration to health, he re-entered the service in the provost marshal s 
 department at Augusta, where he remained until the office was abolished 
 in consequence of the termination of war. He then engaged in the prac 
 tice of law. Some few years later he accepted the position of editor-in- 
 chief in the large publishing house of E. C. Allen, in Augusta; has also 
 been journalistically connected with the Portland daily Advertiser, and a 
 correspondent of the Boston Herald. During his twenty-one years resi 
 dence in Augusta Captain Lane has held many positions of trust and 
 honor. He has been a member of the Common Council ; city auditor for 
 nine years; member of the school committee for three years; city treasurer 
 and collector for three years, being unanimously elected the third year by 
 a city government opposed to him in politics; member of the Board of 
 Aldermen for three years, serving as chairman the last year (declined 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 315 
 
 re-election); assistant secretary of State senate in 1868-69, and secretary 
 of the same body for ten years from 1870, being elected every year with 
 out opposition. First joined O. O. Howard Post, G. A. R., at Augusta, 
 but it died, and in its stead Seth Williams Post, of which he is now a 
 member, was organized; served two years as post commander, and for the 
 past six years has been a delegate from the department of Maine to the 
 national encampment; in 1885 was elected a member of the national 
 council of administration. At the annual session of the department of 
 Maine, held at Skowhegan in February, 1886, the name of comrade Lane 
 was presented in a very eloquent manner by ex-Governor Seldon Connor, 
 of Maine, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, G. A. R., as the candidate 
 of Seth Williams Post for department commander, and he received the 
 unusual honor of a unanimous election, added to which w r as the pleasant 
 surprise to him, at a supper given shortly afterwards by the Woman s 
 Relief Corps to Seth Williams Post, of the presentation by the post of a 
 very handsome badge, as an appreciation of services and the esteem of its 
 members. 
 
 W. D. TEEPLE. 
 
 Was born in Oxford, Canada, September 19, 1821; has been a miner 
 and carpenter. Enlisted in Company H, yth California Infantry, in Sep 
 tember, 1864, an d served as a private in the department of California and 
 Arizona; was honorably discharged in the spring of 1866. Comrade 
 Teeple is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., where he 
 resides. 
 
 WILLIAM J. OUIGLEY. 
 
 Was born in County Londonderry, Ireland, July 29, 1844; came to the 
 United States in early youth ; enlisted under the three months call for troops 
 in Company A, 23d Pennsylvania Infantry, in April, 1861, and served under 
 General Patterson in Shenandoah Valley, Va. ; at the expiration of term of 
 service re-enlisted for three years, and served as private and corporal ; was 
 attached at one time to the 4th Corps and lastly to the 6th Corps; belonged 
 to the Army of the Potomac; took part in the peninsular campaign under 
 General McClellan until its end at Malveru Hill and Harrison Landing; 
 in addition to the other engagements, was at the battles of Chantilly, 
 South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, 
 the Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Spottsylvania Court-house, and at the siege 
 of Petersburg, until in July, 1864, when the 6th Army Corps was sent to 
 the Shenandoah Valley and participated in the operations of General 
 
311) RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Sheridan in that valley up to the battle of Winchester; after which the 
 regiment was mustered out at Philadelphia, Pa., October 29, 1864, by 
 reason of expiration of term of service; was wounded at Fair Oaks, at 
 Gettysburg in left breast, and at Cold Harbor in the stomach; they were 
 all bullet wounds, and fortunately none of them of a dangerous nature. 
 Comrade Quigley wears a badge presented to him by Colonel Ely of his 
 regiment for gallant conduct in the charge on Marye s Heights, Freder- 
 icksburg, and at the battle of Chantilly. He came to California in March, 
 1865, followed mining for several years, and then engaged in the livery- 
 stable business; is a charter member of Hancock Post, G. A. R., at Mer-, 
 ced, Cal., where he resides; and junior vice-commander of post; has been 
 supervisor of Merced County for three years and county treasurer for the 
 same period. 
 
 CHARLES L. YOUNG. 
 
 Was born in Albany, N. Y., November 23, 1838, of pioneer Dutch 
 ancestry; was educated at various classical institutions in his native State, 
 with aspirations for the bar, but the outbreak of the Rebellion interfered, 
 and in April, 1861, he was found doing depot guard duty as a cadet 
 (zouave) over recruits. Enlisted in May, 1861, in the ist Regiment 
 Excelsior Brigade, U. S. Volunteers; commanded his regiment during 
 all of Pope s second Bull Run campaign; served on the staff of generals 
 Hooker and Sickles, and in other brigades, divisions, or corps as aid-de 
 camp, provost martial, assistant adjutant-general, and assistant inspector- 
 general; was commissioned as follows: ist lieutenant June 13, 1861, and 
 captain May 6, 1862; was recommended for promotion to major on 
 the field following the Peninsula campaign, July 28, 1862, by generals 
 Hooker, Sickles, Taylor, and others; was commissioned and brevetted 
 lieutenant-colonel after the close of the war for gallant and meritorious 
 services during the war of the Rebellion; was promoted brigadier-general 
 by the governor with the consent of the Senate of Ohio, January 14, 1878; 
 was wounded in the neck (external corotid artery) at Chancellorsville, 
 May 3, 1863, by a fragment of shell while executing an order from General 
 Sickles; returned to the front and was again disabled in the Wilderness, 
 but did not retire from the field; participated in all the campaigns and 
 battles of the Army of the Potomac in which his commands were engaged; 
 has been a resident of Toledo since 1869; a manufacturer and wholesale 
 lumber dealer; never held a political office other than a park commis- 
 sionership, of which board he is now president; is an active comrade of 
 Forsyth Post, No. 15, department of Ohio, G. A. R. ; was on the staff 
 of Commander-in-Chief Earnshaw in 1879; a member of the national 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 317 
 
 council of administration in 1880, and was elected senior vice-commander- 
 in-chief of the national encampment at Indianapolis in 1881; is at present 
 a financial and property trustee of his post; on January 9, 1880, his asso 
 ciates of the G. A. R. and the Ohio National Guard and other citizens 
 presented him with a valuable testimonial, consisting of a general officer s 
 sword, sash, and belt of the finest material and workmanship, appropriately 
 inscribed. On the death of General Hooker the family presented General 
 Young with the sash worn by that hero throughout the war, as a memento 
 to this former staff officer of fighting Joe. General Young recently became 
 a pensioner, in consequence of wounds received. He is on the rolls 
 of the following other military organizations and societies, viz. : Third 
 Army Corps Union, Second Corps Club, the Society of the Army of 
 the Potomac, the Society of the Army of West Virginia; charter com 
 panion of the Ohio Commandery Loyal Legion; vice-president Toledo 
 Soldiers Memorial Association; director of the Gettysburg Battle-field 
 Memorial Association; and honorary member of the Ohio National Guard 
 Officers Association. 
 
 Mrs. Young, the wife of the general, has been either secretary or 
 president of Forsyth Post Auxiliary Society and Relief Corps No. i from 
 its organization to the last election; is past senior vice-president of the 
 Ohio department of the Woman s Relief Corps, and was one of the founders, 
 in 1872, of the Toledo Home for Friendless Women, its original secretary 
 and now its vice-president. 
 
 STEPHEN D. DAMMON. 
 
 Was born in Buckfield, Oxford County, Me., August 17, 1827; nas 
 been engaged in farming and railroading. Enlisted September 26, 1861, 
 in Company B, 4th Minnesota Infantry; served as sergeant; was attached 
 to the 1 5th Army Corps, 3d Brigade, and ist Division; was mustered out 
 February 27, 1863, at St. Louis, Mo. Comrade Dammoii is a member of 
 Winchester Post, No. 105, of Anderson, Shasta County, Cal. 
 
 JOHN B. STEVENS. 
 
 Was born at Nottingham, N. H., October 19, 1837; is a nephew of 
 General Benjamin F. Butler, of Massachusetts; by occupation a carpenter; 
 enlisted August 6, 1861, in Company C, 2d New Hampshire Volun 
 teer Infantry, which regiment formed a portion of the Army of the Poto 
 mac; was at the siege of Yorktown, battles of Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, 
 Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, Glendale, Malvern Hill, and ad Bull 
 
31 s RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Run; in the last-named battle a rifle-ball shattered his left hand, in con 
 sequence of which he was discharged from service October 7, 1862, for 
 disability; he receives a pension; came to California from New Hamp 
 shire in 1864 and was variously engaged, farming, stock-raising, and gen 
 eral agency until 1879, when he went to the Sandwich Islands; returned 
 again to California in 1880 and has been since then in the employ of the 
 Southern Pacific Railroad Company; is a member of Phil Sheridan Post, 
 G. A. R., of San Jose, of which city he is a resident. 
 
 BENJAMIN F. EVERHART. 
 
 Was born in Warren County, Ohio, December 13, 1841. His first 
 military service was in the State Militia in Missouri, of which State he 
 was then a resident, in the spring of 1863, operating against various noted 
 gangs of bushwackers; after a service of six months of this kind he 
 enlisted in Company B, 42d Missouri Volunteers, and being by trade a 
 blacksmith, was frequently detailed on extra duty as an artisan; he par 
 ticipated in the battles of Fort Donelson, Nashville, Franklin, Murfrees- 
 boro, and many other minor engagements, serving from his enlistment to 
 the termination of the war. On the formation of the i4th Army Corps 
 his regiment was made a portion of it. He was honorably discharged 
 from service at Nashville, Tenn., in June, 1865. Returning to private 
 life he worked at his trade for several years in Iowa, to which State he 
 had emigrated from Ohio previous to going to Missouri. In 1872 he came 
 to California and pursued his avocation until in 1877 he was appointed on 
 the police force of the city of San Jose and of which he is still a member. 
 He belongs to Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R., of San Jose, of which he was 
 one of the charter members. 
 
 SAMUEL B. P. KNOX. 
 
 Was born in Brownsville, Fayette County, Pa., February n, 1839; 
 is at present a practicing physician and surgeon at Santa Barbara, Cal.; 
 was educated at Alleghany College, Meadville, Pa., graduating in 1860; 
 began study of medicine in winter of 1859-60; attended medical lectures 
 at University of Pennsylvania during winter of 1861-62 ; in summer of same 
 year was examined at Harrisburg, Pa., for position as volunteer assistant 
 surgeon; was accepted, but he refused a commission at that time being 
 desirous of finishing medical education; in January, 1863, while attending 
 second course of medical lectures, was earnestly solicited by the surgeon- 
 general of Pennsylvania to enter the service, and although on the eve of 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 319 
 
 graduation, accepted a commission and was mustered into the sen-ice as 
 assistant surgeon of the 49th Pennsylvania Volunteers; attached to the 3d 
 Brigade, ist Division, of the 6th Army Corps, and participated in the 
 battles of that corps until the close of the war. In January, 1865, was 
 promoted to surgeon of his regiment; was honorably discharged July 2, 
 1865, and resuming his medical studies graduated as M. D. in March, 
 1866; began practice of his profession in his native town and so continued 
 until June, 1875, when he removed to his present place of residence in 
 California. Comrade Knox is a member of Starr King Post, G. A. R., 
 No. 52, department of California. 
 
 HERMAN C. HOLMAN. 
 
 Born in Oldenburg, Germany, February 24, 1843; nas been a fanner. 
 Enlisted October 13, 1864, in Company E, 7th California Infantry, and 
 served as a private; was attached to the Department of California and 
 Arizona; was in various engagements with Indians; was honorably dis 
 charged June 28, 1866. Comrade Holman is the proprietor of the United 
 States Hotel, at Stockton, Cal., and is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, 
 of that place. 
 
 JOHN H. MALLON. 
 
 Was born in New York city April 17, 1837, and is by occupation an 
 engineer. He was appointed a master s mate in the U. S. Navy in Jan 
 uary, 1862, and served in the West Gulf Squadron, and under Admiral 
 Farragut; was in U. S. frigate Savannali, steamers Arizona, Nyack, and 
 Grand Gulf; was in the engagement with the rebel ram Queen of the 
 West, at Port Hudson, Vicksburg, Sabine Pass, and Mobile Bay; was 
 honorably discharged from the service in December, 1865. He is a mem 
 ber of Rawlins Post, Stockton, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 JACOB J. PHIFER. 
 
 Was born in Knox County, Ohio, August 19, 1829, an d at the out 
 break of the war was engaged in farming in Fayette County, Ills. He 
 enlisted in Company F, 32d Illinois Volunteers, in July, 1863, which 
 regiment was a portion of the 3d Brigade, 4th Division of the i7th Army 
 Corps. Detailed as one of the foragers for the regiment on the march 
 from Atlanta to Savannah; for eighteen days he was almost constantly 
 skirmishing and engaging the enemy. He was at the capture of Savan 
 nah, Fort Pocotaligo, Orangeburg, S. C., Columbia, Fayetteville, Ben- 
 ton ville, Cheran, Raleigh, and Durham Station, N. C. ; was three times 
 
320 RECORDS OF MEMBERS. OF THE 
 
 wounded at Bentonville buckshot through the left hand; minie-ball 
 striking the right hip, fortunately nearly a spent ball, and the wound 
 consequently slight; minie-ball through flesh of left leg; he remained on 
 the field until the close of the engagement, but being incapacitated, was 
 transported to Washington, where on the arrival of his regiment he 
 rejoined it and participated in the grand review; he was honorably dis 
 charged the service at Fort Leavenworth, Kas., in the fall of 1865. He 
 returned to farming near Vandalia, Ills., where he remained until 1875, 
 when he came to California; is at present a resident of San Jose, where 
 he is foreman of street work; he is a member of Phil Sheridan Post, 
 G. A. R., of that city. 
 
 JOHN H. MEAD. 
 
 Was born February 22, 1846, at Richmond, Va. ; has been a miner 
 and a carpenter. Enlisted in August, 1862, in the 2ist New Jersey 
 Infantry, Company F. Re-enlisted in February, 1864, in Company 
 D, 4th New York Heavy Artillery; was finally discharged in Octo 
 ber, 1865; served as a private during both enlistments; was attached to 
 the 6th, 5th, and 2d Army Corps; was in numerous engagements with 
 the 6th Corps at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, the 5th Corps 
 through the Wilderness, etc., to the North Anna, and with the 2d Corps 
 through Cold Harbor, siege of Petersburg, and Appomattox to the sur 
 render of Lee s army. Previous to enlistment in the 4th New York 
 Artillery, had been laid up at home for nearly a year on account of wound 
 through the left shoulder, received at the battle of Chancellorsville. Com 
 rade Mead is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, at Stockton, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 THOMAS F. McGRATH. 
 
 W T as born at Waterford, Ireland, in November, 1841; an engineer by 
 occupation. Enlisted December 27, 1861, in Company D, 6gth New 
 York Infantry (the famous Irish Brigade), and served as private, corporal, 
 and sergeant; was commissioned ist lieutenant in November, 1864; was 
 attached to the 2d Brigade, ist Division, and 2d Army Corps, and served 
 continuously until July 16, 1865, the date of honorable discharge; reen- 
 listed in the Veteran Corps in 1863. Took part in the battles at York- 
 town, Fair Oaks, Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, 
 Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, siege 
 of Petersburg, and Appomattox; was wounded severely in right hip at the 
 battle of Gettysburg, but again reported for duty after seven weeks; was 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 321 
 
 again slightly wounded in right foot at Spottsylvania. Aid-de-camp 
 Captain D. P. Cunningham, in his "History of the Irish Brigade," speaks 
 of Mr. McGrath as follows: "Lieutenant McGrath was with the brigade 
 from its first organization; was wounded at Gettysburg; taken prisoner in 
 front of Petersburg, released, and promoted for gallant services." Com 
 rade McGrath is a member of Lincoln Post, No. i, department of Califor 
 nia, at San Francisco, his present place of residence. 
 
 F. H. L. WEBER. 
 
 Was born in Hamburg, Germany, May 14, 1835; is by occupation a 
 merchant; enlisted in Company F, 5th California Infantry, October 18, 
 1861, discharged on expiration of term, November 30, 1864; re-enlisted 
 as veteran in the ist Regiment, California Veteran Infantry, formed by 
 transfer of troops from the ist and 5th regiments of California Infantry, 
 special order department of New Mexico, and mustered out of service as 
 sergeant January 2, 1867; served in Arizona, New Mexico, and Western 
 Texas, and was in several engagements with Indians; in 1864 was with 
 the forces which pursiied the Apaches into the province of Chihuahua, 
 Mexico; is a member of Sumner Post, G. A. R. , of Sacramento, Cal., of 
 which city he is a resident. 
 
 JAMES R. WRIGHT. 
 
 A resident of Stockton, Cal., was born in Indiana, December 16, 
 1845; enlisted in the loth Illinois Cavalry December 22, 1863, and served 
 as a private; was attached to the I5th Army Corps; was in several skir 
 mishes and frontier fights; was honorably discharged November 22, 1865. 
 Comrade Wright is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, G. A. R. , depart 
 ment of California, with headquarters at his place of residence. 
 
 JOHN HIGGINS. 
 
 Was born May 10, 1840, in Saint Law r rence County, N. Y. ; has been 
 a farmer and paper-maker. Enlisted April, 1858, in Company M, 2d 
 U. S. Artillery; and later in the 5th New Jersey Battery and Independent 
 Company, commanded by Captain Warren; served continuously as a 
 private, and was finally discharged at the Presidio of California in July, 
 1868; was attached to the loth and 25th Army Corps; served in the Army 
 of the James in the Horse Artillery; was present at and took part in the 
 battles of First Bull Run, Williamsburg, Hanover Court-house, Seven 
 
822 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Days Fight, White Oak Swamp, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, Mid- 
 dletown, South Mountain, Antietam, Martinsburg, Brandy Station, Chan- 
 cellorsville, and Gettysburg; was slightly wounded by musket-ball in leg 
 at Hanover Court-house; while at Hartford Church, in the fall of 1863, 
 was presented by General Ingalls with a fine horse, as a reward for skill 
 fully bringing in a drove of cattle from outside the Federal lines, having 
 with a few troopers made a successful raid of over sixty miles in one day. 
 Comrade Higgins is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 EDWARD DONNELLY. 
 
 Was born in the town of Magherafelt, Count}- Londonderry, Ireland, 
 August i, 1822, and was the only child of Captain John Donnelly, an 
 officer in the East India Company s service, who was killed in Bengal in 
 1825; came with his mother to the United States in 1831, and settled in 
 Philadelphia, Pa. ; was graduated at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy 
 in 1843, an d shortly afterwards appointed chemist and naturalist in an 
 exploring expedition to Brazil under charge of Passed Midshipman Isaac 
 G. Strain, U. S. Navy; remained abroad nine years, spending most of his 
 time in Brazil, West Indies, and Africa, sending many hundred specimens 
 of birds, insects, and medical plants to the Academy of Natural Sciences of 
 Philadelphia; returned to the United States in 1852, and entered the 
 Philadelphia College of Medicine, from which he graduated in 1854; 
 attended hospital practice the following year; followed the practice of his 
 profession of physician and surgeon, also giving lectures to advanced 
 medical students until the outbreak of the Rebellion in 1861; tendered 
 his services to Governor Curtin and was commissioned August i, 1861, 
 surgeon 5th Pennsylvania Reserves, the 34th of the line; transferred in 
 April, 1862, to the 2d Pennsylvania Reserves, the 3ist of the line, with 
 which regiment he served until mustered out in June, 1864; appointed 
 surgeon 19601 Pennsylvania Volunteers, a one hundred day regiment, 
 which was assigned to duty guarding Confederate prisoners at Camp Doug 
 las, near Chicago, Ills. ; on return to Philadelphia was appointed surgeon 
 2d Pennsylvania Cavalry in October, 1864, the regiment being then in front 
 of Petersburg; mustered out as surgeon of 2d Pennsylvania Cavalry and 
 appointed surgeon ist Provisional Cavalry, which was formed by consoli 
 dating the 2d Pennsylvania Cavalry and the 2Oth Pennsylvania Cavalry. 
 He was the first surgeon to make a collection of pathological specimens on 
 the battle-field; many of his resections and specimens are now to be seen 
 in the National Museum, and recorded in the medical and surgical history 
 of the war. During his terms of service acted as regimental, brigade, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 323 
 
 and division surgeon; was attached to the ist Army Corps, afterwards 
 to the ist Brigade, 3d Division, 5th Army Corps, and lastly to the 
 2d Brigade, 2d Division, Sheridan s Cavalry Corps; took part in the bat 
 tles of Dranesville, Mechanicsville, Games Mills, Charles City Cross 
 roads, Malvern Hill, Second Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, 
 Fredericksbnrg, Gettysburg, Bristow Station, New Hope Church, 
 Wilderness, Weldon Road, Boynton and White Oak roads, Dinwiddie 
 Court-house, Five Forks, Amelia Springs, Sailor s Creek, Farmville, 
 and Appomattox Conrt-honse; wounded at Mechanicsville in the right 
 leg and flesh wound in face; captured at Charles City Cross-roads, hav 
 ing remained with wounded on field of battle, and confined in L,ibby 
 Prison at Richmond until August, 1862, when he was exchanged, and 
 rejoined his regiment in the field; again taken prisoner at 2d Bull Run, 
 and was retained as such with the wounded under his charge for eleven 
 days, and at the end of which time the wounded and himself were paroled 
 and sent into the hospitals at Alexandria and Washington; was for the 
 third time taken prisoner in the Wilderness, while acting as aid-de-camp 
 to General Crawford; remained attending the Union wounded, within the 
 rebel lines, for six weeks, when was recaptured by the Union Cavalry under 
 General Charles Lowell; brevetted lieutenant-colonel in June, 1864, for 
 gallant and meritorious services; honorably discharged in August, 1865; 
 moved to Pittsburg, where he was engaged in the practice of his profession 
 until 1879, when he removed to San Francisco, Cal., where he now resides. 
 He is a member of San Francisco County Medical Society and other scien 
 tific associations; is also a liberal contributor to the medical and scientific 
 journals; is a member of the Society of the Army of the Potomac, and of 
 George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., at San Francisco. 
 
 ADAM H. COCHRANE. 
 
 Was born at Paisley, Scotland, June 9, 1831; came to the United 
 States when eleven years of age and had to labor for his living until he 
 was seventeen, when he attended the academy at Glens Falls, Warren 
 County, N. Y., subsequently the seminary at Charlotteville, Schoharie 
 County, and finally the New York State Normal School, where he com 
 pleted his education, meanwhile in vacation earning the means to defray 
 his expenses in the study of medicine; in 1857 he received a diploma from 
 the Albany Medical College, also having previously attended two full 
 courses at Castleton Medical College, Rutland County, Vt. ; practiced 
 medicine in New York city until July 12, 1862, when he entered the 
 volunteer service as 2d assistant surgeon i5th New York Engineers, 
 
324 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 becoming afterwards ist assistant; was detached for medical service duty 
 in the defenses of Washington; rejoined the regiment and was present 
 with it at the battle of Fredericksburg ; again detached and assigned to 
 the battalion of Regular Army Engineers, to which he performed the 
 duties of surgeon at the battle of Chancel lorsville; again reported to regi 
 ment and was sent to New York to aw r ait orders; was mustered out of 
 volunteer service July, 1863. By authority of general order transferring 
 medical officers to the military division of the Pacific, came to California 
 and was assigned to duty at Fort Boise, Idaho, as surgeon of the post, 
 where he was stationed until 1866, and from thence at other frontier posts 
 during Indian hostilities iintil 1868, subsequently serving variously in 
 Oregon, Washington Territory, Alaska, Arizona, and California until 
 1873, when, after an army career of eleven years, he returned to private 
 life, practicing his profession at Watsonville, Cal., until 1876, when he 
 removed to San Jose, of which city he is now a resident. He is the 
 county physician of Santa Clara County, and a member of Phil Sheridan 
 Post, G. A. R. , of San Jose. 
 
 MOSES SILVESTER CORSON. 
 
 Was born in Somerset County, Me., February n, 1836; his occupa 
 tions have been those of musician and harness-maker; was educated at 
 Monroe, Wis. , to which he had removed from his native State; came to 
 California in 1859 by the overland route, reaching Placerville in Septem 
 ber, after a tiresome journey of five months from the time he started with 
 ox-teams, and having more than one narrow escape from Indians, who that 
 year were exceedingly troublesome. Enlisted September, 1861, in the 
 4th California Infantry as a musician; was honorably discharged at Los 
 Angeles, Cal., by reason of general order discontinuing regimental bands; 
 returned to Placerville, where he remained until 1869, when he removed to 
 Santa Clara County; organized and is the leader of the city band of San 
 Jose; is a member of Kaufman s orchestra, and foreman of a large harness- 
 shop; belongs to John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., of San Jose. 
 
 FRANCIS M. ALLEN. 
 
 Was born in DeRuyter, Madison County, N. Y., April 16, 1842. 
 Enlisted July 28, 1861, in Company B, 3d New York Cavalry, and was 
 attached to Stoneman s command in the Army of the Potomac; was in the 
 battles of Ball s Bluff, Leesburg, Edwards Ferry, and other minor engage 
 ments; partially recovering from a severe attack of measles he prematurely 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 325 
 
 returned to duty, in consequence of which he suffered a relapse, being 
 removed to hospital in an unconscious condition, from which sickness he 
 has never entirely regained his health, and in February, 1862, had to be 
 discharged the service on account of disability ; receives a pension ; came 
 to California in 1863; was agent for water ditch company in Dutch Flat 
 mining district till 1870; since which time has resided in Santa Clara 
 County, engaged variously at carpentry and railroading, but chiefly in fruit 
 culture, his present employment; resides about three miles west of San 
 Jose, and is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., of that city. 
 
 CHARLES H. EDMONDS. 
 
 A resident of Los Angeles, Cal. ; was born at Grafton, Grafton Count}-, 
 N. H., Jiily 13, 1837; has been a farmer, domestic physician, and a veteri 
 nary surgeon; resided at Acton, Middlesex County, Mass., from 1847 to 
 1858; at Cambridge, Henry County, Ills., in 1858; at Wheatland, Ills., 
 1859 to 1 86 1, when he enlisted in Company H, I2th Illinois Volunteer 
 Infantry, for three months; on being discharged at Cairo, August i, 1861, 
 he re-enlisted in Company H, 26th Illinois Infantry, of which company 
 he was sergeant; participated in the battles of luka, Corinth, Farmington, 
 Miss., New Madrid, Mo., Point Pleasant, Mo., and the siege of Corinth; 
 was wounded at last-mentioned place on the 4th of October, 1862; trans 
 ferred to field hospital October 5th; was engaged for several months in 
 engraving head-boards for the graves of soldiers at LaGrange, Tenn.; 
 on October 2, 1863, w r as transferred to Company A of the 2d Veteran 
 Reserve Corps, and was discharged at Detroit, Mich., November i, 1864. 
 Comrade Edmonds is a member of Frank Bartlett Post, No. 6, at Los 
 Angeles, Cal. 
 
 THOMAS J. SHREVE. 
 
 Was born in Philadelphia, Pa., September 3, 1836, and is by occupa 
 tion a submarine engineer. Enlisted twice: first on July 30, 1861, in the 
 nth Missouri Infantry; second, on May 2, 1863, in the 2d Missouri Light 
 Artillery, serving during first enlistment as a private and as quartermaster 
 in the artillery, being commissioned in the spring of 1864; was attached 
 to Eagle Brigade of the i6th Army Corps; was engaged in the battles of 
 Farmington, luka, Corinth, Madrid, Memphis, Frederickstown, Mo., Cape 
 Girardeau, and numerous skirmishes; in the battle of Memphis eight bat 
 teries were engaged, seven of which were captured the 2d Missouri Light 
 Artillery, Company G, was the only one not taken. It was during this 
 severe engagement that one of the heroic acts of the brave women of 
 
326 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 America was witnessed. Mr. Shreve s wife, Mrs. Myrick, and Mrs. 
 Mary Baker hitched up a six-mnle team and braving the dangers of battle 
 brought fixed ammunition to soldiers who were fighting, arriving just in 
 time, as the ammunition on hand was nearly all expended. Comrade 
 Shreve w r as one of two hundred men from Missouri, Wisconsin, and Illinois 
 regiments who hauled a large siege-gun through mud and mire for six 
 miles down the river, and planted it opposite the rebel encampment at 
 Tiptonville, before which some gunboats and transports were moored, all 
 of which \vere sunk or destroyed, through the excellent markmanship of 
 Scott Rice, of the 2d Iowa Battery, who acted as gunner after the gun 
 was in position. Comrade Shreve w r as mustered out August 22, 1865, and 
 is now 7 a member of Frank Bartlett Post, No. 6, with headquarters at Los 
 Angeles, Cal. 
 
 JASPER PERRY LONG. 
 
 Was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, February 14, 1834; received a public 
 school education; studied medicine for three years, but on account of ill- 
 health had to abandon the profession for out-door employment; was an 
 invalid until twenty-four years of age; engaged in the occupation of mill 
 wright until 1864, in the spring of which year he enlisted in Company E, 
 58th Indiana Volunteers, known as the Pontoon Regiment, and which did 
 all the bridging for the left wing of Sherman s army; was present at the 
 siege of Chattanooga, the battles of Buzzard s Roost, Resaca, Ga., Dalton, 
 Ga. , siege of Atlanta, the capture of Savannah, and other engagements; 
 he was honorably discharged from the service at Washington city, June 4, 
 1865. Went to Indiana and engaged in mill and lumber business until 
 1874, when he came to California, since which time he has been engaged 
 chiefly at his trade of mill-wright. He is a member of John A. Dix Post 
 of San Jose, in which city he resides. 
 
 JAMES P. WILBURN. 
 
 Was born in Nashville, Tenn., February 25, 1837; came to the Paci 
 fic Coast in early life and, living on the frontier from the age of fifteen to 
 twenty-one, was an active participant in the Indian warfare which occurred 
 during this period in northern California, Oregon, and Washington Terri 
 tory; moving to Marysville, Cal., he learned the trade of confectioner, in 
 which business he engaged at that place until his enlistment April 28, 1863, 
 in what was known as the California Hundred, and which going East 
 to particpate in the war, became part of the 2d Massachusetts Cavalry. 
 Comrade Wilburn found himself under the new organization a member 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 327 
 
 of Company M of that regiment. It subsequently formed a portion of 
 Sheridan s Cavalry Corps in the Army of the Potomac; frequently on, 
 detached service in pursuit of Mosby and on reconnoitering duty; the 
 California Hundred was almost continually under fire during its term of 
 active service in the field; in killed and wounded it lost heavily; among the 
 latter was Corporal Wilburn, who received a gunshot wound in the left 
 arm in action at Waynesboro, Va. , which necessitated amputation above 
 the elbow. He had previously been in the cavalry engagements at Ash- 
 by s Gap, Aldie, Poolesville, Halltown, a four days fight, Opequon, Win 
 chester, Berryville, Berryville Pike, Surry Court-house, and other actions. 
 He was honorably discharged from the service at Philadelphia, Pa. , March 
 29, 1865, and resided in that city, engaged in merchandising, until 1868, 
 when he returned to California, and was appointed a messenger in the post- 
 office department at San Francisco, which position he held until 1874, 
 and then engaged in farming in the foot-hills of Santa Clara County till 
 1882, since when he has been variously employed in San Jose. He is a 
 member of John A. Dix Post of that city, and is in receipt of a pension. 
 
 C. N. HITCHCOCK. 
 
 A resident of Stockton, Cal. , was born at Silver Creek, N. Y., May 
 27, 1837; is a machinist and engineer; enlisted in Company K of the iSth 
 Wisconsin Infantry, December 5, 1861, and served as a private; was 
 attached to the 2d Brigade of the i/th Army Corps; was in the battles at 
 Shiloh, Corinth, Vicksburg, and Spanish Fort; was five times wounded; 
 at Shiloh musket-ball through right leg; in the advance on Corinth a fall 
 ing limb cut off by a cannon-ball striking him caused an injury which 
 still troubles him ; the point of breast-bone was shot away at Corinth, and 
 two other wounds from shell at Spanish Fort and Milliken s Bend; 
 mustered out January 6, 1866. Comrade Hitchcock is a member of 
 Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 C. T. SUTPHEN. 
 
 Was born in Earlville, LaSalle County, Ills., April 10, 1837; has 
 been a farmer, merchant, and lawyer. Enlisted in August, 1862, in 
 Henshaw s battery of Illinois Light Artillery, and served as sergeant, and 
 later as ist lieutenant and adjutant of the 3d North Carolina Mounted 
 Infantry, and as acting assistant adjutant-general in the ist Brigade, 4th 
 Division, Department of the Cumberland; was in the engagements at Camp 
 bell s Station, siege of Knoxville, London, Boone, Buffi ngton Island, and 
 
328 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Strawberry Plains; was mustered out of service August 16, 1865; was com 
 mended for gallantry at the battle at Campbell s Station, where he and 
 a few others took his crippled cannon from the field by hand, their horses 
 being killed; they were the last to leave the contest; was promoted for 
 gallantry at the battle of Knoxville; since the war has resided at Augusta, 
 Ills., and Corning, la.; coming to California in 1874 he settled at Santa 
 Cruz; is a justice of the peace at that place; was one of the organizers of 
 W. H. L. Wallace Post, of which he is at present the senior vice-com 
 mander. Comrade Sutphen is a graduate of Bell s Commercial College 
 of Chicago, Ills.; studied law at Ottawa, Ills., and was admitted to the 
 bar in 1861; practiced in his native town until his enlistment. 
 
 NATHAN L. BLACKMOR. 
 
 A carpenter by trade; was born in North Carolina September 15, 
 1834; shipped in the navy as landsman in 1863, on board the Valley City, 
 and served in the North Atlantic blockading squadron under Commodore 
 Macomb; was in all of the engagements in which his vessel took part, 
 principally in the vicinity of Roanoke Island and river; was honorably 
 discharged from the service in June, 1865. Comrade Blackmor is a mem 
 ber of Rod Matheson Post, No. 16, with headquarters at Healdsburg, Cal. ; 
 is at present a resident of Cloverdale, Cal. 
 
 JUDSON RICE. 
 
 Born in Steuben County, N. Y., August 15, 1847, whose present 
 occupation is that of carpenter and builder, at the outbreak of the war 
 was a resident of Iowa, where his father, who was a land-owner of consid 
 erable importance, was engaged in farming. On account of his youth, 
 being but fourteen years of age, young Rice was restrained from entering 
 the service with his brother two years his senior, but determined in the 
 matter, in the fall of 1864 he went to Wisconsin and enlisted in Company 
 C, 45th Wisconsin Volunteers, serving for a time as a private and then 
 being promoted to corporal. Immediately on enlistment he proceeded to 
 Nashville, where his regiment formed a portion of General John F. Miller s 
 command. Though too late to take part in the battle of Nashville, he 
 saw much active service on provost guard duty in and around Nashville 
 in guarding trains to Chattanooga, Huntsville, and other military posts 
 and doing general escort duty over Kentucky, Tennessee, and Alabama, 
 frequently being in command of the detachments. He was honorably 
 discharged from the service at Madison, Wis., August 15, 1865 his 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 329 
 
 eighteenth birthday. He then returned to the normal school at Decorah, 
 la., which he attended until 1866, when he crossed the plains to Denver 
 in the employ of the Western Union Telegraph Company. In Colorado 
 he worked at the trade of carpenter for a time and then engaged in min 
 ing. In 1868 he came to Nevada and entered the employ of the Central 
 Pacific Railroad Company in the construction department, in which 
 service he came to California in 1869. He is at present in charge of 
 the bridge and building department of the Southern Pacific Railroad; 
 was the foreman in the construction of the magnificent mansion of Governor 
 Stanford in San Francisco, and also the costly and spacious barns and 
 stables at his Palo Alto ranch and likewise of the Crocker mansion in 
 San Francisco. He belongs to John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., of San 
 Jose, and is the post commander. 
 
 SAMUEL L. HART. 
 
 Was born at Solon, Courtland County, N. Y. ; has been by occupation 
 a gunsmith, machinist, commercial traveler, and manufacturer; enlisted 
 in the roth Wisconsin Infantry in August, 1861, and commissioned 2d 
 lieutenant; re-enlisted in the 4ist Wisconsin Infantry in June, 1864, in 
 which he was commissioned captain; was assistant signal-officer of the 
 4th Division, Army of the Tennessee; was in the battles at Pittsburg 
 Landing, the siege of Corinth, and Forrest s raid into Memphis; under 
 the orders of General Nelson Lieutenant Hart crossed the river at Pitts- 
 burg Landing under fire, as bearer of dispatches to General Buell, whom 
 he found on the field and flag signaled General Bu ell s orders across to 
 his commander. Comrade Hart was finally discharged in October, 1864, 
 and draws a pension for disease contracted in line of duty during the 
 war. Is a member of Burnside Post, No. 36, G. A. R., department of 
 California, at Tombstone, Arizona, his place of residence. 
 
 HIRAM P. THOMPSON. 
 
 Born in Wilson, Niagara County, N. Y.; was a farmer until eighteen 
 years old; served as a soldier until twenty -two years of age; since then 
 has been a merchant. Enlisted August 19, 1861, in Company H, 49th 
 New York Regiment, and served as private, orderly-sergeant, and regi 
 mental commissary-sergeant; in the 3d Brigade, 2d Division, of the 6th 
 Army Corps; was commissioned as a lieutenant but never mustered as 
 such; was present and participated in the battles at Antietam, Wilderness, 
 
330 
 
 Fredericksbnrg, first and second Bull Run, Winchester, Cedar Creek, Fos 
 ter s Hill, Petersburg, and Washington; was wounded in the shoulder at 
 Fredericksbnrg; mustered out July 25, 1865. Comrade Thompson is a 
 member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, No. 5, G. A. R., department of Illinois, 
 with headquarters at Chicago. Is a prominent and successful grocer of 
 Chicago, Ills., in which city he has held various positions of trust; was a 
 member of the board of aldermen for four years; was chairman of the 
 committee on fire and water of that body for three years; was nominated 
 for collector of west Chicago for two terms of one year each; has been com 
 mander of his G. A. R. post and is at present assistant adjutant-general of the 
 department of Illinois; is president of the Comrade Publishing Company, 
 president of the Grand Army Building and Loan Association, and an active 
 member of many other social and society clubs. 
 
 AUGUST RUDOLPH. 
 
 Was bom in the city of Bergen, Norway, May 22, 1842; came to 
 America in 1862; is by occupation a sail-maker. Shipped in the U. S. 
 Navy October n, 1864, and served on board the Unadilla and Mohongo 
 as sail-maker s mate in charge; was on the blockade off the coast of North 
 Carolina; was in the engagements at Fort Fisher, and all the engagements 
 on Cape Fear River until the capture of Wilmington, after which date 
 was present and took part in the operations on the James River until the 
 capture of Richmond; was under the command of Captain Francis Ram 
 say in the {^nariilla, and Captain J. W. A. Nicholson in the Mohongo. 
 Came to California in 1874, having resided previously in Chicago; is at 
 present a resident of Oakland, Cal., and a member of Lyon Post at that 
 place. 
 
 STEPHEN BOWERS. 
 
 Was bom March 3, 1832, in Dearborn County, Ind.; is a minister of 
 the Methodist Episcopal Church, and of late years an editor. Enlisted in 
 the 6/th Indiana Infantry in August, 1861, and served as ist lieiitenant 
 and chaplain, in the department of Ohio; was in three battles in Ken 
 tucky; resigned in August, 1862, on account of ill-health; in civil life, 
 comrade Bowers entered the Indiana Conference in 1856, and has con 
 tinued in the active work of the ministry for over twenty years, filling 
 several of the most important positions in his Church; was awarded the 
 degree of Master of Arts by the Indiana State University, and that of 
 Doctor of Philosophy from the Willamette University; was connected 
 with the U. S. Geological Survey in 1867, with headquarters at Santa 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 331 
 
 Barbara, Cal. ; was afterwards engaged in scientific work in Wisconsin for 
 the Bureau of Ethnology in Washington; since which time the doctor has 
 devoted himself to editorial work, first on the Christian Herald, and after 
 wards editor and proprietor of the Beloit daily Outlook; later on, remov 
 ing to Nebraska, he started a paper in Falls City, where he remained a 
 year and a half, when he returned to California and purchased the Ventura 
 Free Press; the editing and publishing of which has occupied his time 
 and attention for the past three years. Comrade Bowers is a member of 
 Ciishing Post, Xo. 44, at his place of residence, San Buenaventura, Cal. 
 
 LEWIS EBINGER. 
 
 Was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, in August, 1846; occupation a 
 baker. Enlisted March 9, 1865, in the 2i5th Pennsylvania Regiment, 
 and served as a private; was attached to the 3d Army Corps; was in the 
 battle at Harper s Ferry, and numerous skirmishes; was mustered out 
 November 15, 1865. Comrade Ebinger is a member of Frank Bartlett 
 Post, No. 6, at Los Angeles, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 JAMES KNOX POLK SHAW. 
 
 Was born September 16, 1845, ^ n the State of Ohio; in early life was a 
 merchant; is now the president and manager of the Cleveland Paint Manu 
 facturing Company at Portland, Or. Enlisted in Company K, i5th Ohio 
 Infantry, April 22, 1861 ; re-enlisted in Company C of the 3ist Regiment 
 from the same State, and was continuously in the service to the close of 
 the war, and was a private throughout; was attached to the i4th Army 
 Corps; was wounded at the battle of Chickamauga in the left shoulder, and 
 at Kenesaw Mountain in left ankle. Is a member of Garfield Post. G. A. R., 
 at Portland, Oregon. 
 
 W. T. SIMMOXS. 
 
 Of St. Helena, Cal.; was born in Green County, Ills., January 29, 
 1843; nas been a contractor and builder; is a carpenter by trade; at present 
 a dealer in furniture and undertaker. Enlisted at Springfield, Ills., in a 
 company which finally formed a part of the nth Missouri Infantry; held 
 position of regimental adjutant and quartermaster, and was aid-de-camp 
 on General Hubbard s staff; was commissioned ist lieutenant of Company 
 C, nth Missouri Veteran Infantry, in December, 1864; served with Pope s 
 Army of Mississippi; Rosecrans Army of Tennessee, Sherman s Corps, 
 
332 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 and A. J. Smith s i6th Corps; was engaged in the battles of Frederick- 
 town, New Madrid, Island No. 10, Farmington, Miss., siege of Corinth, 
 luka, Waterford, Battle of Corinth, Jackson, Big Black, Vicksbnrg, 
 Tupelo, Nashville, and Spanish Fort; was wounded in right shoulder by 
 fragment of shell at Battery Robinet, Corinth; captured battle-flag at bat 
 tle of Nashville; after which he was, by order of the Secretary of War, 
 sent to Washington, where he received a medal of honor and thirty days 
 leave of absence; rejoining his regiment at Spanish Fort, he was in com 
 mand of his company until the close of the war; after the war, was made 
 provost marshal at Marion, Ala. ; \vas detailed by General Hubbard to 
 collect corn, in the vicinity of Demopolis, Selma, and Tuscaloosa; col 
 lected about 100,000 bushels, w T hich had been sold to the Confederate 
 government and paid for before the collapse of Lee s army. Comrade 
 Simmons was officer of the day of Lincoln Post, No. 2, at Springfield, 
 Ills., in July, 1866, the time of the first department convention of the 
 G. A. R.; was the first commander of Kilpatrick Post, No. 38, depart 
 ment of California, of which he is at present a member. Comrade Sim 
 mons has been a member of the Board of Trustees of St. Helena for five 
 years in succession; was chief of fire department for eight years, and is a 
 director in the Veterans Home Association. 
 
 LUCIUS F. HUBBARD. 
 
 Was born in Troy, N. Y., January 26, 1836; he served an apprentice 
 ship at the tinner s trade at Salem, N. Y., and worked at that trade in Chi 
 cago from 1854 to 1857, when, removing to Red Wing, Minn., he started 
 and edited the Red W T ing Republican, which enterprise still flourishes. 
 Comrade Hubbard was elected register of deeds of Goodhue County, 
 Minn., in 1858; was a defeated candidate for the State senate in 1861. 
 Enlisted in the 5th Minnesota Infantry in December, 1861, as a private; 
 was elected captain of his company on the organization of the regiment 
 in the month of March following; Captain Hubbard was advanced to the 
 rank of lieutenant-colonel; the regiment joined the army under General 
 Pope before Corinth, Miss. , and was assigned to the 2d Brigade, ist Division, 
 1 6th Army Corps; was engaged in the battle of Farmington four days after 
 joining Pope s army, and Col. Hubbard was severely woimded; in the 
 August following was promoted to the colonelcy of his regiment through 
 the resignation of Colonel Borgersrode, from which time on was actively 
 engaged, as shown by the simple statement that he participated in twenty- 
 four battles, among which are the following: Farmington, luka, second 
 battle of Corinth, Jackson, and Mississippi Springs, siege of Vicksburg, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 333 
 
 Richmond, La. ; was on the Red River expedition, and fought seven battles 
 in Louisiana, ending with that at Greenfield; was at the battle of Nash 
 ville, where two horses were shot under him, and he was himself badly 
 wounded; was promoted to brigadier-general by brevet just after this 
 battle; Colonel Hubbard commanded his brigade in this and other battles. 
 In February, 1865, he went with his command to New Orleans, and subse 
 quently to Mobile, and took part in the active operations about that city 
 and the Spanish Fort, the 5th Minnesota being the first regiment to enter 
 and take possession of the fort on its surrender. Comrade Hubbard was 
 mustered out at Mobile in October of the same year; returning to his home, 
 he engaged in the grain business at Red Wing, and soon thereafter in 
 milling operations on a large scale, and has since been prominently con 
 nected with railway matters; was elected to the State senate in 1872 and 
 again in 1874; in 1881 was elected governor of Minnesota by 27,857 
 majority, the largest majority ever received by any governor of that State; 
 was re-elected in 1883. Is a member of Acker Post, No. 21, of St. Paul, 
 Minn., his place of residence. 
 
 EDMOND D. SHIRLAND. 
 
 Was born in Washington County, N. Y., July 23, 1830, and is by 
 occupation a live-stock dealer; recruited Company C, ist California Cavalry, 
 and was commissioned its captain September 16, 1861; marched with his 
 company from Los Angeles, Cal., through Arizona and New Mexico, to 
 Western Texas, where it was for some time stationed; was in twelve Indian 
 fights; resigned August 15, 1863; is a member of Sunnier Post, G. A. R., 
 of Sacramento, of which city he is a resident; Captain Shirland is also a 
 veteran of the Mexican War; came to California in 1847 m tne Ist New 
 York Volunteers, Colonel Stevenson s regiment; has been vice-president 
 of the Sacramento Society of California Pioneers, and vice-president of 
 the Society of California Volunteers; from 1866 to 1868 was county clerk 
 of Sacramento County. 
 
 SAMUEL KUTZ. 
 
 Born at Reading, Berks County, Pa., February 13, 1847; a carpenter 
 by trade. Enlisted December 26, 1863, in Company D of the gist Illi 
 nois Infantry, and served as drummer; was attached to the i3th Army 
 Corps; was in the battles at Spanish Fort and Fort Blakely, Mobile, Ala., 
 and skirmish at Whistler, Ala.; in July, 1865, was transferred to Com 
 pany K, 28th Illinois Infantry, and was mustered out March i, 1866. Is 
 a member of Frank Bartlett Post, No. 6, department of California, with 
 
334 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 headquarters at Los Angeles; resided in Morris, Ills., from the time he 
 was eight years old until he entered the service as drummer-boy at the 
 age of fifteen years; arrived in Los Angeles, California, in 1874, and 
 worked at trade for two years, when he was elected by City Council as 
 overseer of city prisoners; has held the office of adjutant of his post for 
 the past two years. 
 
 JOHN N. MOORE. 
 
 A resident of Sacramento, Cal., was born in Belfast, Me., March 17, 
 1843, and by occupation is a machinist. He enlisted in Company D, i9th 
 Maine Volunteers, July 24, 1862, his regiment forming a portion of the 
 ist Brigade, 2d Division, 2d Army Corps, Army of the Potomac; was 
 engaged in the battle of Fredericksburg. While in the winter camp at 
 Falmouth, Va. , directly across the river from the scene of battle, he 
 became so ill in consequence of exposure as to be rendered unfit for duty 
 and was therefore discharged from service in March, 1863, on surgeon s 
 certificate of disability. He is a member of Warren Post, G. A. R. , of 
 Sacramento, and is quartermaster of post, which position he has held for 
 three terms. 
 
 W. F. SUTHERLAND. 
 
 Born in Biddeford, Me., November 28, 1845; by occupation a trav 
 eling salesman. Enlisted in the U. S. Engineer Battalion October 19, 
 1 86 1, and served as sergeant of engineers, Company B, at headquarters of 
 the Army of the Potomac, 1861-65; was engaged in all the campaigns 
 of that army; was very young at date of first enlistment. Re-enlisted at 
 Brandy Station, Va. , in 1864; was constantly engaged at the front, run 
 ning parallels, laying outworks, putting in magazines, throwing pontoons, 
 laying out and building military roads, etc. ;. was honorably discharged 
 from the service in February, 1867. Comrade Sutherland is a member 
 of Mclntyre Post, No. 66, of Austin, Minn., his place of residence; was 
 a delegate to the nineteenth encampment, and served on the staff of Com- 
 mander-in- Chief Burdett in 1885-86. 
 
 AUSTIN F. UMBARGER. 
 
 Was born in Wytheville, Va., August 6, 1837; occupations have been 
 farming and fruit-raising. Enlisted in Company K, 34th Illinois Volun 
 teer Infantry, September 7, 1861, and served as a private, corporal, and 
 sergeant; was attached to 2d Brigade, 2d Division, i4th Army Corps; 
 engaged in battles of Shiloh, siege of Corinth, Stone River, Mission 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 3S5 
 
 Ridge, Lookout Mountain, and in all the engagements from Chattanooga 
 to Atlanta; was taken prisoner at the battle of Stone River, December 
 31, 1862, and was confined in Libby Prison, Richmond, Va., for thirty- 
 four days, then paroled and sent to Jefferson Barracks, Mo., where he was 
 exchanged; rejoined regiment at Murfreesboro, Tenn., in April, 1863; was 
 mustered out of service, by reason of expiration of term, in September, 
 1864; is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., of San Jose, Cal., near 
 which citv he has a farm and orchard. 
 
 WILLIAM S. THORNE. 
 
 Was born in Pittsburg, Pa., February 14, 1835; is by occupation a 
 machinist. Entered the U. S. Navy in April, 1862; was attached to the 
 flotilla of gunboats patrolling the Tennessee River between Bridgeport 
 Landing and the falls at Corinth; in frequent engagements with the rebel 
 artillery and troops on shore; was very seriously injured, in an action 
 below Pittsburg Landing, by a shell from the enemy bursting over his 
 head, causing concussion of the brain and rendering him unfit for duty, 
 in consequence of which disability he was discharged from service in 
 August, 1862. He is a resident of Sacramento, and a member of Fair 
 Oaks Post, G. A. R., of that city. 
 
 HARRY MOORE. 
 
 Was born in Logan County, Ohio, June 5, 1838; is a carpenter by 
 trade. Enlisted April 22, 1861, in Company F of the 23d Ohio Infantry, 
 and served as a private; was mustered out as 2d sergeant, July 25, 1865; 
 was attached to the 8th and gth Army Corps; was present and took part 
 in the battles at Carnifax Ferry, South Mountain, Lexington, Va., Perry - 
 ville, Winchester, Fisher s Hill, Cedar Creek, and main- others under the 
 leadership of General Sheridan; at Cedar Creek his life was saved by a 
 deck of cards, which was struck by a bullet; the cards are now in his pos 
 session. Comrade Moore is a member of Warren Post, of Sacramento, 
 Cal., where he resides. 
 
 JOHN R. SMELSER. 
 
 Was born in Washington County, Iowa, November 8, 1845; n ^ s occu 
 pations in life have been those of farmer and mechanic. Enlisted in Com 
 pany E, loth Iowa Volunteer Infantry, September 16, 1861, and served 
 as a private; his regiment belonged to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, of 
 Army Corps, and afterwards of i5th Army Corps; was in the battles 
 
336 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 of Inka, Corinth, siege of Vicksburg, at Lookout Mountain, Mission 
 Ridge, Atlanta, Resaca, and all the engagements of Sherman s campaign; 
 was present at the surrender of Johnston and in the grand review at 
 Washington city; was constantly with the regiment through the entire 
 four years of service, never sick a day and, though exposed to the same 
 danger as less fortunate comrades in the numerous battles, escaped without 
 a wound; he is a resident of San Jose, Cal., and a member of John A. 
 Dix Post, G. A. R., of which he is a past officer. 
 
 WILLIAM B. MAYDWELL. 
 
 Was born in Northamptonshire, England, August 27, 1840, and is by 
 occupation a book-keeper. Enlisted May 14, 1864, in Company A, i34th 
 Illinois Volunteers, one of the hundred days regiments called out by the 
 President for special service; was engaged in scouting duty in Kentucky, 
 and in Missouri in pursuit of the rebel forces under General Price in his 
 celebrated raid in that State in the fall of 1864; was mustered out, by 
 reason of expiration of term of service, October 25, 1864. Is a member 
 of Sumner Post, G. A. R. , at Sacramento, Cal., of which city he is a 
 resident. 
 
 GRANVILLE W. BANNING. 
 
 Born near Ashland, Ashland County, Ohio, in 1847. Enlisted in 
 the ist Independent Battery of Colorado Volunteers, on November 25, 
 1862; was on the plains until 1864, when the battery was ordered to 
 Lawrence, Kas., where it was furnished new guns and was opposed to 
 General Price on his last raid, following him as far as the Arkansas 
 River; returning to Leavenworth, was mustered out in August 1865. 
 Comrade Banning is a member of Williamsburg Post, No. 116, with 
 headquarters at Williams, Colusa County, Cal., his present place of 
 residence. 
 
 DAVID A. SMITH. 
 
 Was born in Erie County, N. Y. , June 10, 1839; is by occupation a 
 merchant; enlisted in Company D, 2oth Illinois Infantry, April 22, 1861; 
 belonged to the 2d Brigade, ist Division, commanded by General McCler- 
 nard; was engaged in the battles of Frederickstown, Mo., Fort Henry, 
 Tenn., Fort Donelson, and Shiloh; the brigade to which he was attached 
 in the battle of Donelson held the road that leads to Clarksville on the 
 Cumberland River for four days, constantly fighting; it was snowing part 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 337 
 
 of the time and the men were without overcoats or blankets; was shot at 
 Shiloh in left leg; a severe attack of measles when at Cape Girardeau, 
 Mo., in the middle of August, 1862, left him totally blind; it was nearly 
 three years before he regained his sight; was honorably discharged from 
 service at Jackson, Tenn. , in October, 1862; is a member of Antietam 
 Post, G. A. R., at Petaluma, Cal., of which place he is a resident. 
 
 JOHN W. SMITH. 
 
 Was born in Dearborn County, Ind. , October 15, 1823; was a farmer 
 previous to the war. Enlisted October 26, 1861, in Company F of the 
 9th Kansas Regiment, and served as a private until November 25th of the 
 following year; re-enlisted the next April in Company I, i6th Kansas 
 Regiment; was in the battles of Westport, Mine Creek, Fort Scott, Natona, 
 and numerous skirmishes; was finally discharged, May 26, 1865. Com 
 rade Smith is a member of Rawlins Post, of Stockton, Cal., his present 
 place of residence. 
 
 WILUAM P. BARNETT. 
 
 Was born in Pennsylvania, March 26, 1831; has been a farmer and 
 is at present a lumberman. Enlisted in the 22d Illinois Volunteers June 
 n, i86i,and served as a private; belonging at the time to the command 
 of General Pope, and was at the capture of Island No. 10; was also engaged 
 in the battles of luka, Miss., Corinth, Stone River, Nashville, and Chicka- 
 mauga; was honorably discharged from the service July 7, 1864; is a resi 
 dent of Petaluma, Cal. 
 
 NELSON A. McCOY. 
 
 Was born in Ashtabula, Ohio, March 14, 1829; ^ s a night watchman 
 and teamster. Enlisted in Company D, yth California Infantry, Novem 
 ber 22, 1864; served in Arizona and New Mexico; was acting quarter 
 master-sergeant; mustered out in the summer of 1865. Is a member of 
 Sumner Post, G. A. R., of Sacramento, of which city he is a resident. 
 
 WILLIAM E. MILLS. 
 
 Was born at Darien, Fairfield County, Conn., March 24, 1844; his 
 occupation before the war was that of mechanic, since has been that of 
 engineer. He enlisted in Company B, iyth Connecticut Volunteers, 
 August n, 1862, and served as a private; belonged to the ist Division, 
 1 1 th Army Corps; was in the battles of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg; 
 
 w 
 
338 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 was slightly wounded in the last-named battle; was taken sick in camp 
 and sent to hospital in Philadelphia; rejoined his regiment after recovery 
 at Folly Islands, S. C., and proceeded with it to Florida; with his entire 
 company was captured while on a foraging expedition up St. John s 
 River; was for a time confined in Anderson ville; when exchanged was 
 sent to Annapolis, Md., and granted a sick-leave home; again rejoined 
 regiment at the front and was mustered out at Hilton Head, S. C., July 
 25, 1865; is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., of San Jose, Cal., 
 of which place he is a resident. 
 
 JOHN H. HIENDS. 
 
 At present a resident of Portland, Or. ; was born in Cuxhaven, Ger 
 many; came to the United States as a sailor boy in 1844; in 1847 an( ^ 
 1848 served in the transport Major Bcacli, engaged in supplying the 
 army at Vera Cruz and Fort San Juan d Ulloa; entered the service in May, 
 1862; commanded the U. S. steam transport Comargo, and later the Corin 
 thian, both under the control of the quartermaster s department of the 
 army, Department of the Gulf; was present at the taking of Port Hudson, 
 and after its surrender took General Gardner and other paroled prisoners 
 to New Orleans; was actively employed during the Mississippi campaign 
 provisioning the different stations; in transporting troops and taking 
 wounded soldiers to the nearest hospitals; these ships acted as dispatch 
 and relief boats, following up the army advances, and had on board a 
 detachment of the nth Connecticut Battery, which frequently skirmished 
 with guerrillas and rebel sharpshooters along the shores of the southern 
 rivers; at the time of the overflow of the Teche country was sent to rescue 
 the people of Tigerville, which was entirely underwater; it was necessary 
 to take the people from the tops of houses and trees; he had with him a 
 pilot by the name of Win. C. Hunt, who being a rebel spy purpose!} ran 
 the ship ashore about two hundred yards from a guerrilla camp; the Con 
 federates promptly opened fire, wounding several of the ship s crew, Mr. 
 Hiends being one of the unfortunates; the ship was soon got afloat again 
 and ran to a place of safety; the pilot was promptly thrown overboard, 
 and has not been heard of since; this conduct of Captain Hiends was highly 
 approved of at headquarters; returning to New Orleans, was presented 
 with a handsome American flag by his citizen friends; the same flag, 
 appropriately marked, now decorates the G. A. R. hall of Portland, Or. 
 The Corinthian was the second steamer to take provisions and supplies to 
 Vicksburg after its surrender, and took back to New Orleans 480 wounded 
 soldiers. The New Orleans Times of that date speaks very highly of the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 339 
 
 manner in which this duty was performed; Captain Hiendswas principally 
 employed on the coast of Texas; after taking a garrison to Fort Esperanza, 
 in Madagoda Bay, in the winter of 1864, was in the great hurricane in 
 which so many ships and lives were lost; after successfully weathering the 
 storm he discovered the troop-ship Rebecca Clyde, with 900 soldiers on 
 board, her rudder and propeller gone, riding at anchor off the beach in 
 seven fathoms of water ; at great risk and peril rescued her from the break 
 ers and towed her to New Orleans; for this act he was highly complimented 
 by the department; was present at the taking of Mobile. Comrade Hiends 
 is a member of the Farragut Veteran Association of New York, and a 
 member of the council of administration, department of Oregon, G. A. R., 
 and junior vice-commander of Lincoln Post, No. 4, of Portland, Or. 
 
 GEORGE W. TIBBITTS. 
 
 Was born January 22, 1845, a t Acton, Me.; has been and is a mer 
 chant and farmer. Enlisted August 12, 1861, in Company F of the 4th 
 New Hampshire Regiment; was attached to the loth Army Corps, taking 
 part in the battles at Port Royal, Pocotaligo, Drewry s Bluff, Petersburg, 
 Bermuda Hundred, Deep Bottom, and the siege of Charleston; was cap 
 tured at Deep Bottom; honorably discharged the service at Concord, 
 N. H., June 30, 1864. Went to Washington Territory in 1874; was 
 elected to the Territorial Legislature from King s County in 1878; has 
 been postmaster and justice of the peace for ten years; was elected brig 
 adier-general of the Territorial Militia in 1882. Comrade Tibbitts is a 
 member of Stevens Post, No. i, of Seattle, W. Ty. ; is a past commander 
 of his post, and resides at Squak Valley, King County, W. Ty. 
 
 IRA C. SHAW. 
 
 Was born in Middleboro, Plymouth County, Mass., May 20, 1836, 
 and is by occupation a pattern-maker. Enlisted at the first call for three 
 months volunteers by President Lincoln, but the quota of the State of 
 Massachusetts being full the company of which he was a member was 
 refused muster; enlisted for three years in Company C, 29th Massachusetts 
 Volunteers, May 18, 1861; served as a private and musician ; was first sta 
 tioned at Newport News; took part in the capture of Norfolk; the regiment 
 was afterwards assigned to Meagher s brigade, Richardson s division, in 
 the Army of the Potomac; was in all the battles of the Peninsular cam 
 paign under General McClellan to Malvern Hill, where he was wounded 
 in the right arm by the fragment of a shell; was in the battles of South 
 
340 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Mountain, Antietam, and Fredericksburg; after which was again stationed 
 at Newport News, where in the spring of 1863 he was discharged, by 
 reason of disability; has been employed in the railroad shops at Sacra 
 mento since 1864, and has had charge of the pattern department since 
 1870; is a member of Sumner Post, G. A. R., of Sacramento, Cal. 
 
 ERASTUS ROOT McKINNEY. 
 
 Of Lacon, Marshall County, Ills.; was born May 30, 1834, and is by 
 occupation a carpenter, also florist and nurseryman. Enlisted in Company 
 I, nth Illinois Volunteers, August 20, 1861, and served as a corporal; was 
 engaged in the battles of Fort Henry, Donelson, and Shiloh; at the latter 
 was wounded in the right hip; honorably discharged from service August 
 
 J o o 
 
 20, 1862. Is a member of Lacon Post, G. A. R., at Lacon, Ills.; has been 
 its adjutant, quartermaster, and is at present its senior vice-commander. 
 Comrade McKinney holds the position of postmaster at Lacon. 
 
 OTTAVIO D. CONTERNO. 
 
 Was born in Torino, Italy, September 29, 1835; is a professor of 
 music. Shipped on board the U. S. frigate Constitution; cruised two 
 years in the Mediterranean; came to America in 1851; in February of the 
 same year enlisted as a musician in the 6th U. S. Infantry, and served one 
 year; again enlisted in 1852, in same capacity, in 2d U. S. Artillery, and 
 served five years, during a portion of which time participated in the cam 
 paign against the Indians in Florida; in one of the skirmishes was wounded 
 by a poisoned arrow in left knee ; after recovery, was a victim of the fever 
 common to the everglades of Florida; shortly after expiration of term of 
 army service, again joined the navy, shipping on board the U. S. frigate 
 \l 7 abash in 1858, serving on her in the Mediterranean until 1859. When 
 war between Italy and Austria was seen to be unavoidable, comrade Con- 
 terno asked to be discharged, in order to participate in the war in defense 
 of his native country. On the alleged, account of absence during draft, 
 notwithstanding his American citizenship, was arrested and imprisoned by 
 the authorities of Italy, and sentenced to ball and chain for one year, and 
 to eight years military service ; was extradited by the United States Gov 
 ernment, subsequently returning to service on board the WabasJi. Studied 
 music in Italy for a year; came again to America in 1861, and joined the 
 yth Regiment, New York National Guard, in its march to Washington. 
 On July 25, 1863, enlisted in Company i, I2th New York Cavalry, and 
 served as ist sergeant of the company, and later on as sergeant-major of 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 341 
 
 the regiment, from which position was promoted to ist lieutenant, com 
 mission bearing date of February 28, 1865, and giving rank from Decem 
 ber i, 1864; was attached to the loth Army Corps; engaged in the battles 
 at Kinston and Wise s Fork, N. C. , three days fight, and numerous 
 skirmishes; was acting aid-de-camp to Major-General Cox in March, 1865; 
 during same month was placed in command of Company A of his regi 
 ment, and subsequently of Company M; was promoted to captain, but not 
 mustered on account of close of war; w r as honorably discharged from serv 
 ice July 9, 1865. In 1871 was leader of cavalry depot band, U. S. service, 
 at Carlisle, Pa.; in 1873 was appointed leader of the 3d U. S. Cavalry 
 band, and in 1877 of 6th U. S. Cavalry band, after which came to Cali 
 fornia, and is at present a resident of San Jose, and a member of John A. 
 Dix Post, G. A. R., of that city. Mr. Conterno is the possessor of a 
 silver medal from the Emperor Napoleon III. 
 
 EDWARD VAUGHN. 
 
 W T as born in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., July 27, 1849, an ^ i- s by occupa 
 tion a machinist; was but fourteen years and five months old when, on 
 December 12, 1863, he enlisted in Company E, 3d New York Volunteer 
 Infantry; served in -New York harbor until June, 1864; then joined the 
 Army of the Potomac in front of Petersburg, taking part in the siege 
 until January, 1865, when his regiment formed a portion of the expedi 
 tion under General Terry in the capture of Fort Fisher, in the storming 
 of which he was slightly wounded in the left leg; was also in the action 
 at Facing Station, on the Danville road; belonged to the loth Army 
 Corps, and, after leaving the trenches before Petersbug, served in North 
 Carolina to the close of the war; was honorably discharged from service 
 September 12, 1865. Is a member of Warren Post, G. A. R., at Sacra 
 mento, and resides in the town of Washington, Yolo County, Cal. 
 
 TRUMAN W. COLE. 
 
 Born in New Hudson, Allegany County, N. Y. , June 23, 1846; was 
 a farmer when he enlisted at Boscobel in the 35th Wisconsin Volunteers, 
 but was rejected on account of age; was then a resident of Hickory Grove 
 Tow r nship, Grant County, Wis. ; in December of the same year enlisted 
 as a recruit in the 33d Wisconsin Volunteers, and served as a private; took 
 part in General Sherman s campaign against Atlanta; was in the battle 
 of Nashville, and under General Canby in the siege of Spanish Fort and 
 the capture of Mobile; was attached to the i6th Army Corps; was badly 
 
342 
 
 hurt by a fall, on steamboat, while en route to New Orleans; transferred 
 to nth Wisconsin Volunteers in July, 1865; honorably discharged the 
 service at Mobile, Ala., September 6, 1865. As a part of his army expe 
 rience, he has the remembrance of living on shelled corn for eight days 
 at Eastport, Miss. to which place he had proceeded after the battle 
 of Nashville on account of communications being cut off by rebel forces. 
 Comrade Cole is a resident of Green Ridge, Pettis County, Mo. ; his pres 
 ent occupation is that of photographer; is a member of E. D. Baker Post, 
 G. A. R., at Green Ridge, in which he holds the position of adjutant. 
 
 JOSEPH R. FARLEY. 
 
 Was born in Jackson, Mich., April 4, 1843; ^ s a carpenter by occu 
 pation; enlisted in Company G, ist Colorado Cavalry, in August, 1863, an 
 independent force, for service on the plains; was on escort duty with 
 Government trains and overland mail; in a number of Indian engage 
 ments; mustered out of service at Leavemvorth, Kas., November 22, 
 1865: is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal., of 
 which city he is a resident. 
 
 WILLIAM D. FARLEY. 
 
 Was born in Jackson, Mich., July i, 1845, and is a carpenter by occu 
 pation; enlisted at the same time as his brother Joseph R. Farley- 
 August, 1863 in Company G, ist Colorado Cavalry, unattached; was 
 engaged in the battle at Sand Creek, and many other Indian fights; saw 
 much arduous service on the plains in escort and scouting duty; was mus 
 tered out of service at Leavenworth, Kas., November 22, 1865; is a mem 
 ber of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., of San Jose, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 CHARLES CLINTON BROWN. 
 
 Was born in Charleston, S. C., February 9, 1822; has been a mer 
 chant and real estate dealer. Enlisted May 16, 1861, in Company C of 
 the ist Kansas Infantry, and served as a private, and afterwards as 2d 
 lieutenant in the /6th and i5th Missouri Cavalry; served principally in 
 Missouri; was in General Lyon s command at Carthage, and at Wilson s 
 Creek, where Lyon was killed; thence to Dry wood, and with Mulligan at 
 Lexington, Pea Ridge, New Ionia, Mo., Springfield, Prairie Grove, Ark., 
 Duvall s Bluff, and Helena, Ark.; was with the Army of the Mississippi 
 through the campaigns at Shiloh and Vicksburg; then in the Department 
 of Arkansas, Indian Nation, and Missouri; fighting General Price on his 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 34a 
 
 celebrated raid in 1864, and, generally in Missouri, fighting bushwhackers - 
 until the close of the war; was shot in the leg at, the battle of Grove 
 Creek; his horse was killed at the same time, and, falling on him, broke 
 his ankle, in consequence of which was six weeks off duty; he was also 
 slightly wounded by musket-ball in hip, at Springfield in 1863. Comrade 
 Brown is a member of Snmner Post of Sacramento, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 HORRA WILLIAM REED. 
 
 Was born in Prussia, August 26, 1841, and is by occupation a seaman; 
 is at present equipment yeoman U. S. steamer Ranger, on surveying duty on 
 Pacific Coast; entered the naval service April 9, 1862, on the U. S. receiving 
 ship Ohio, at Boston, Mass., and was transferred to the fleet at Fortress Mon 
 roe, Va. , and North Atlantic blockading squadron; was at the shelling of 
 Sewall s Point, Va. ; raid up Little River, N. C. ; several engagements with 
 batteries at both entrances to Wilmington, N. C. ; cutting out blockade- 
 runners, etc.; honorably discharged the service at Norfolk, Va., May 24, 
 1864; reshipped in naval service in 1869 as seaman for the Darien sur 
 veying expedition; was appointed quartermaster and then pay yeoman; 
 again re-entered on the U. S. receiving ship Independence at Mare Island, 
 Cal., March 4, 1881, and was transferred to the U. S. steamer Ranger, 
 where he has served successively as quartermaster, chief quartermaster, 
 and as ship s yeoman for the past three years, which position he still occu 
 pies; in addition to the duties of yeoman, has acted as recorder during the 
 extensive surveys made by the Ranger on the Mexican, Central American, 
 and Southern California coasts, and as observer and recorder of the tides, 
 etc., pertaining to this most important survey; by attention to duty and 
 general reliability comrade Reed has won the respect and confidence of 
 the officers with whom he has served; he is a member of Farragut Post, 
 G. A. R., of Vallejo, Cal. 
 
 MOSES H. THOMPSON. 
 
 Of Pendletoii, Or.; was born in Rhea County, Tenn., January n, 
 1841; occupations have been those of farmer, U. S. mail contractor, con 
 stable, justice of the peace, and U. S. deputy marshal; present occupa 
 tion is farming; served during the War of the Rebellion in the following 
 organizations, viz.: Enlisted June 17, 1861, in Captain Duncan s Com 
 pany, Missouri Home Guard; was at home on furlough during the siege 
 and capture of Lexington, at which the company as part of the garrison 
 was captured and paroled by the rebel general Price; served as scout and 
 guide for the Union forces operating in Missouri; while in such service 
 
344 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 participated in the skirmish of Blackwater, Mo., in January, 1862, battle 
 of High Blue Church in March, 1862, and the fight at Aubrey, Kas. , 
 at which place he was captured by the noted guerrilla chief Quantrell. 
 Enlisted in Company E, 2d Nebraska Cavalry, November 8, 1862, and served 
 as corporal; the regiment composed part of the expedition commanded by 
 General Sully against the Sioux Indians; was in the engagement at the 
 White Stone Hills with the Sioux and the three days skirmishing that 
 followed; honorably discharged at Brownville, Neb., December n, 1863; 
 enlisted in I2th Kansas Volunteers, veteran; was present at the siege of 
 Fort Smith, Ark., by part of rebel general Price s army and in the skir 
 mish at Ozark; mustered out June 30, 1865; is a member of Kit Carson 
 Post, G. A. R., at Pendleton, Or., and has been officer of the day and its 
 adjutant. 
 
 FRANK A. SMITH. 
 
 A resident of Sacramento, Cal., was born at Manchester, Vt. , August 
 n, 1841; a book-keeper by occupation. Enlisted in June, 1862, in Com 
 pany C of the 1 4th Vermont Infantry, and served as a private until honor 
 ably discharged in August, 1863; was attached successively to the ist, 5th, 
 and 2d Army Corps. Comrade Smith is a member of Sumner Post No. 3, 
 G. A. R. , with headquarters at his place of residence. 
 
 MESSENGER EVERETT GATES. 
 
 Was born in New London, N. H., July 6, 1842; occupations in life 
 have been those of farmer and clerk. Enlisted in Company A, 7th Calfor- 
 nia Infantry, October 5, 1864; was appointed a sergeant and for a time 
 acted as sergeant-major; was stationed in Arizona, engaged in watching 
 and skirmishing with Indians; mustered out of service April 13, 1866; is 
 a member of Sumner Post, G. A. R., of Sacramento; has been junior 
 vice-commander and one term inspector. He resides in Sacramento, Cal. 
 
 JOHN F. HAMMELL. 
 
 Was born in Harrison County, Md. , May 7, 1847; left school to join 
 the army; has been a grocer since the war. Enlisted September 20, 1862, in 
 Company G of the 82d Indiana Infantry, and served as a private; was 
 attached to the i4th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland; was present 
 at and took part in the battles at Stone River, Hoover s Gap, Chicka- 
 mauga, and Mission Ridge; at the battle of Stone River was detailed for 
 duty with the 4th Michigan Light Artillery; was severely injured while 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 345 
 
 driving a team, from the effects of which he will never recover; after two 
 months hospital treatment, returned to his regiment; in January, 1865, 
 was transferred to the Veteran Reserve Corps, from which he was finally 
 discharged July 7, 1865. Is a member of A. O. Bachman Post, depart 
 ment of Indiana, with headquarters at Madison, his present place of 
 residence; is at present commander of his post; was elected a delegate 
 to the twentieth national encampment, and was present and took part in 
 its proceedings. 
 
 GEORGE R. WICKHAM. 
 
 Of Coqnille City, Coos Comity, Or. ; was born in the State of New 
 York, August 20, 1846; has been engaged in farming, mining, and vari 
 ous other occupations. Enlisted in Company A, 9th Michigan Cavalry, 
 October 29, 1862, and served as a private; was in the fight at Buffington 
 Island, Ohio, with the rebel general John Morgan s raiders; in the battles 
 of Cumberland Gap, Knoxville, siege of Atlanta, and the other engage 
 ments of the Tennessee campaign; attached to the cavalry division of 
 General Kilpatrick in Sherman s march to the sea; at the capture of 
 Savannah, and the battle of Bentonville, N. C. ; was four times wounded: 
 once at Lancaster Court-house, S. C. , while acting as a scout, and after 
 wards three times on Haw River, N. C., March 29, 1865, again scouting. 
 He is a member of General Lytle Post, G. A. R., of Coquille City. 
 
 CHARLES H BLINN. 
 
 Was born January 27, 1843, at Burlington, Vt. ; has been a clerk and 
 accountant; is at present permit clerk in the San Francisco Custom-house. 
 Enlisted August 21, 1861, in the ist Vermont Cavalry, and served as a 
 private; was attached to Sheridan s Cavalry Corps; was in the engage 
 ments at Gettysburg, Chancellorsville, Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Winches 
 ter, Cedar Creek, Fisher s Hill, and twenty-six skirmishes; was slightly 
 wounded in the head; was captured at Middletown, Va. , May 25, 1862, 
 in a cavalry charge led by General N. P. Banks in person; his horse was 
 killed by a cannon-ball from a battery not more than 300 yards away; fell 
 with sixteen others and was passed over by a whole company of the ist 
 Maine Cavalry; was in prison at Lynchburg and Belle Island, from May 
 25th to September i7th of the same year; his regiment has the honor of 
 having captured at Cedar Creek forty-two guns, the largest number of 
 pieces of artillery taken by any one regiment during the war; was honorably 
 discharged in November, 1864; since the war, was one year in the Ver 
 mont Central Railroad office at St. Albans; two years chief clerk in the 
 
346 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Weldeii House at same place, and Ottawa Hotel at Montreal, Canada; six 
 years in an important position with Wells, Fargo & Go s express com 
 pany; three years a journalist, and seven years a permit clerk in the San 
 Francisco Cnstom-house, and fonr years secretary of the Pacific Coast 
 Association of Native Sons of Vermont; in the Grand Army, is a member 
 of George H. Thomas Post, No. 2, department of California, of which he 
 has been quartermaster-sergeant, 1883 to 1886, and in the department of 
 California assistant quartermaster-general, 1884; acting assistant adjutant- 
 general, 1884, aid-de-camp staff of Commander-in- Chief, R. B. Beath; sec 
 retary and quartermaster-sergeant, George H. Thomas Veteran Guard, and 
 a representative to the department encampment, 1885-86. 
 
 FREDERICK LINDNER. 
 
 Was born in Bavaria, Germany, June 14, 1845; a paper-roller by 
 occupation. Enlisted in Company B of the ist New York Mounted Rifles, 
 in the spring of 1864, and served as a musician; was present at the bat 
 tles at Bermuda Hundred, Deep Bottom, Dutch Gap Canal, and James 
 River Crossing; was present at the siege of and first entry into Richmond 
 on its surrender; was finally mustered out at Albany in November, 1865. 
 Comrade Lindner is a member of Sunnier Post, G. A. R. , of Sacramento, 
 Cal., where he resides. 
 
 GEORGE M. DUNTON. 
 
 Was born in Cleveland, Ohio, March 13, 1840; has been engaged in 
 railroading. Enlisted at Cleveland, Ohio, spring of 1861, in the Light 
 Batter} of West Virginia and re-enlisted in May, 1864, in Company A, 
 i5Oth Ohio Infantry; during first enlistment served in West Virginia and 
 was present at the battle of Philippi; during second enlistment, served as 
 fife major stationed with the troops in the defenses of Washington; was 
 mustered out at expiration of term of service in August, 1864. Comrade 
 Dunton is a member of Sumner Post, No. 3, G. A. R., of Sacramento, 
 Cal., of which place he is a resident. 
 
 WILLIAM FOLK. 
 
 Was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, May 12, 1829, anc ^ i a fanner 
 by occupation. Enlisted in the 2ist Ohio Volunteers April 15, 1861; was 
 in the battles of Stone River, Missionary Ridge, Atlanta, and all the other 
 engagements of Sherman s campaign during his march through Georgia 
 and the Carolinas; was twice wounded: at Stone River by a ball in left 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 347 
 
 shoulder, and in another engagement was struck over the right eye; served 
 as a private, and from the commencement to close of the war, being 
 mustered out at Columbus, Ohio, in July, 1865; his regiment belonged to 
 the 3d Division, i4th Army Corps. Is a member of Baker Post, G. A. R., 
 at Marshfield, Coos County, Or., of which place he is a resident. 
 
 JAMES H. ALDRICH. 
 
 Was born in Chester, Randolph Count} , Ills., July 28, 1849, and was 
 raised on a farm. Enlisted at Perryville, Mo., March 16, 1864, at the 
 age of fifteen years, as a drummer-boy in Company G, 5Oth Missouri 
 Infantry; the regiment was, during its period of service on detached duty, 
 fighting bushwhackers, guarding railroads, etc. ; was in several skirmishes 
 with portions of Price s rebel forces; honorably discharged at St. Louis in 
 August, 1865. Removed to Iowa, and attended Iowa State University 
 for two years; edited Ida County, la., Pioneer, and Iou>a Independent; 
 removed to Oregon in 1877, and is the editor and publisher of The Neu s, 
 at Newport, Or.; is a member of Ellsworth Post, G. A. R., at Cor- 
 vallis, Or. 
 
 J. W. DAVIS. 
 
 Was born in the State of Illinois, March 19, 1843; nas been a farmer 
 and merchant; is at present chief of police of the city of Los Angeles, Cal. 
 Enlisted in Company C, 33d Illinois Volunteers; after" discharge from serv 
 ice by reason of expiration of term, enlisted in Company K, 26th Illinois 
 Volunteers, in February, 1864; belonged to 3d Brigade, 1 5th Army Corps; 
 served in both regiments as a private; was mustered out at Springfield, Ills. , 
 in August, 1865; was engaged in battles of Kenesaw Mountain, Atlanta, 
 Resaca, New Hope Church, Altoona Pass, Jonesboro, Savannah, and numer 
 ous skirmishes; in one of the engagements in front of Atlanta was wounded 
 in small of back. Comrade Davis is a member of Stanton Post, G. A. R. , 
 of Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 FRANKLIN C. TROXELL. 
 
 Was born in Lehigh County, Pa., January 6, 1839; his occupations 
 in life have been those of cabinet-maker and carpenter. Enlisted in 
 Company B, i4th U. S. Infantry, December 14, 1861, and served as a 
 private, corporal, and sergeant; was in the division of General Sykes, 5th 
 Army Corps, Army of the Potomac; engaged in battles of Chancellors- 
 ville, Gettysburg, Mine Run, Cold Harbor, siege of Petersburg, W T eldon 
 Railroad, Poplar Spring Church, and Hatcher s Run; after expiration of 
 
348 
 
 term of service, re-enlisted in same company and regiment; came to Cal 
 ifornia with regiment after the war, and thence to Fort McDowell, Arizona, 
 where he was discharged February 14, 1867, by reason of expiration of 
 term of enlistment. Is a member of Stevens Post, G. A. R., of Seattle, 
 Washington Ty., and at present a resident of Lopez Island, in Pnget 
 Sound. 
 
 A. A. DASSONVILLE. 
 
 Was born in New York city June 30, 1844, and is by occupation a 
 clerk. Enlisted August 31, 1862, in Company H of the ist Infantry of 
 Washington Territory, and served as a sergeant in the department of 
 Columbia. Enlisted in San Francisco, but credited to Washington Ty., 
 expecting to be sent east to the seat of war, but w r as sent to Vancouver 
 instead and from there to The Dalles; thence to Fort Walla Walla, and in 
 April, 1863, through the Nez Perces and Snake River country, protecting 
 the emigrants to Oregon; in 1864 returned to Vancouver, from which time 
 to date of discharge was on detached recruiting service at Salem and Eugene 
 City, Or.; was honorably discharged in May, 1865. Comrade Dassonville 
 is a member of Sunnier Post, G. A. R., of Sacramento, where he resides. 
 
 SILAS BARKER. 
 
 Of San Jose, Cal., a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at that 
 place, was born in St. Lawrence County, N. Y., May 6, 1821, and by 
 occupation before the war was a farmer, but at present w r orks at the trade 
 of carpenter. Enlisted in August, 1862, in Company B, loth Minnesota 
 Volunteers, and served as a private; the regiment \vas first assigned to 
 duty in the Sioux country, in consequence of the hostility of those Ind 
 ians, which culminated in the massacre at New Ulm, Minn. ; afterwards 
 it was sent to Kentucky, and subsequently to Tennessee, and was attached 
 to the 1 6th Army Corps. Comrade Barker participated in the battle of 
 Nashville, and was in the siege of Spanish Fort, Mobile Bay, where for 
 eighteen days, and until its capture, his regiment, in doing guard duty, 
 was constantly under fire; was honorably discharged from the service of 
 the Government in August, 1865; came to California in 1875. 
 
 ORRIN L. PARKS. 
 
 Was born at Maltaville, Saratoga County, N. Y., August 24, 1843. 
 Enlisted first in the io2d New York Volunteers, October 16, 1861, and 
 served as a private until August 7, 1863; was in General Prince s brigade, 
 General Augur s division, in the army under General Banks in Virginia; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 349 
 
 after discharge from first enlistment, on his second enlistment entered the 
 ad New York Veteran Cavalry, from which he was honorably discharged 
 at Talladega, Ala., November 8, 1865; in the cavalry, was under General 
 Banks in the Red River campaign, his company serving as headquarters 
 guard to General Emory, the commander of the igth Army Corps; took 
 part in all the engagements of the expedition; held the rank of sergeant 
 at time of discharge. Comrade Parks is a member of Custer Post, G. A. R., 
 at Tacoma, Washington Ty. , in which he has been officer of the day and 
 junior vice-commander; he is a resident of that place. At the time of 
 entering the military service had followed farming as a means of liveli 
 hood, but since the war his occupation has been that of painter. 
 
 J. S. BUSKIRK. 
 
 Was born at Stroudsburgh, Pa., August 7, 1843; occupations in life 
 have been railroad ticket agent, telegraph operator, and cabinet-maker. 
 Enlisted first in Company H, 5ist Pennsylvania Volunteers, and second in 
 48th Pennsylvania Volunteer Militia; in the last-named regiment served 
 as sergeant-major; was attached to the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, Qth Army 
 Corps, and Burnside s Coast Division; engaged in battles of Roanoke 
 Island, New Berne, and Cam den, N. C. ; at the latter action, April 20, 
 1862, was wounded by a gunshot in the left arm, which resulted in paraly 
 sis of arm and hand ; was taken prisoner, and for two weeks was fed on 
 one tablespoonful of cooked rice and one tablespoonful of coffee every 
 twenty-four hours; the day he was paroled, was unable to move hand or 
 foot, on account of wound and confinement in Dismal Swamp; was hon 
 orably discharged January 8, 1863. Comrade Buskirk is a member of 
 Frank Bartlett Post, G. A. R., at Los Angeles, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 JOSEPH H. WYTHE. 
 
 Born in England in 1822; came to the United States in 1832. In 
 1842 entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church, to which 
 he still belongs, although without pastoral charge. Graduated in medi 
 cine from Philadelphia College of Medicine in 1850. In 1850 commenced 
 practice as a physician and surgeon in the coal region of Pennsylvania. 
 On breaking out of Civil War was active in raising a regiment of volunteers. 
 In August, 1862, passed a successful examination in Washington for posi 
 tion of staff surgeon. Volunteered after 2d battle of Bull Run to attend the 
 wounded. Sent September i, 1862, with 800 sick in steamer Atlantic from 
 Alexandria to New York. Appointed by President Lincoln assistant surgeon 
 
8: 3D RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 of volunteers, September u, 1862, and promoted to surgeon December 4, 
 
 1862. Was ordered to Pacific Coast and on duty there until the close of 
 
 1863. Was president of Willamette University in Oregon, 1865-68, and 
 organized the medical department. In 1870 became professor of histology 
 in the Medical College of the Pacific, the name of which has since been 
 changed to that of the Cooper Medical College, which position he still 
 retains. He is the author of several medical and scientific books and is 
 a member of a number of learned societies in England and the United 
 States. He is a member of Lyon Post, G. A. R., at Oakland, Cal., where 
 he resides. 
 
 J. E. D. BALDWIN. 
 
 \Vas born in Philadelphia, May 2, 1842; is a photographer. Enlisted 
 April, 1861, in Company F, ist Missouri Infantry, and later re-enlisted 
 in Company A of the 5th Kansas Cavalry; during first term served as 
 2d lieutenant and during the latter as a private, detailed on General Clay 
 ton s staff. While in the Missouri Regiment served with General Lyon, 
 was present at the capture of Camp Jackson in St. Louis in 1861, then 
 through to Jefferson and Booneville, to Springfield and Wilson s Creek; 
 thence to Rolla and the battle of Pea Ridge, in which he was wounded, 
 breast-bone broken by piece of shell; after recover}- was in the Memphis 
 campaign, thence to Helena, Ark., and the siege of Vicksburg, Little 
 Rock, and Pine Bluff in Arkansas. W T as honorably discharged July, 1865. 
 Comrade Baldwin is a resident of Sacramento, Cal., and a member of 
 W T arren Post, G. A. R., at that place; has been junior vice-commander, 
 and is at present chaplain of his post. 
 
 JOHN C. DIXON. 
 
 Was born in Franklin County, Ohio, December 19, 1840, and is a 
 farmer; was attending school at Newtown, Jasper County, la., when the 
 war broke out. Enlisted in Company B, 5th Iowa Infantry, in June, 1861, 
 and served as a private; his first service was with his regiment under 
 generals Fremont and Hunter in Missouri; the regiment afterwards belonged 
 to the i yth and to the i6th Army Corps; participated in the operations 
 against Island No. 10, the battle at Fort Pillow, the siege of Corinth, luka, 
 second battle at Corinth, Grant s expedition through Mississippi, the siege 
 and battles of Vicksburg, Chattanooga, the Atlanta campaign, and Kene- 
 saw Mountain; was accidentally wounded at Memphis by a bullet through 
 both thighs, laid up in hospital about three months and then returned to 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 3hl 
 
 duty; was mustered out at Chattanooga, Teuii., July 4, 1864, by reason 
 of expiration of three years term of service; came to California in 1874 
 and settled in San Bernardino County, where he is engaged in farming. 
 Comrade Dixon is a charter member of W. R. Cornman Post, G. A. R., 
 at San Bernardino, Cal., and has been post chaplain and quartermaster. 
 
 DANIEL H. HARDIN. 
 
 A resident of Dayton, Washington Ty. ; was born February 20, 1843, 
 at Petersburg, Ind. ; is at present and has been a house painter and decora 
 tive paper-hanger. Enlisted July 2, 1861, in the 24th Indiana Infantry, 
 and served as a non-commissioned officer; was attached to the 2d Brigade, 
 I3th Army Corps; was present at and took part in the battles of Shiloh, 
 Port Gibson, Champion Hills, siege of Vicksburg, Carrion Crow Bayou, 
 La., siege of Blakely, and many skirmishes; was honorably discharged at 
 Algiers, La., in 1865. Comrade Hardin is a member of Alfred Sully Post, 
 G. A. R., of Dayton, Washington Ty. ; is its present commander, is also a 
 past senior vice-commander; in 1878 was elected councilman of the city in 
 which he resides. 
 
 JAMES H. CASE. 
 
 Was born in Brown County, Ills., January 31, 1840; his occupations 
 in life have been fanning and teaming; came to California with his parents 
 in 1853, crossing the plains with ox-teams; settled in San Bernardino 
 County. Enlisted in Company E, ist California Cavalry, in December, 
 1 86 1 ; served as a private ; was stationed in the Department of New Mexico; 
 also served in northwestern Texas; was in the battle with the Indians at 
 Cooke s Canyon, Arizona, and other Indian skirmishes; mustered out of 
 service at Santa Fe, N. M., in December, 1864, by reason of expiration of 
 term of enlistment. Comrade Case is a member of W. R. Cornman Post, 
 G. A. R., at San Bernardino, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 ANTHONY W. SEFTON. 
 
 Was born in Norwalk, Ohio, November 16, 1839; is by occupation a 
 printer and publisher. Enlisted September 16, 1861, in Company G of 
 the 8th Illinois Cavalry, and served as a private and as orderly -sergeant; 
 was attached to the 2d Army Corps; served in the Army of the Potomac 
 from Alexandria to the Rappahannock, from there to the Peninsula and 
 through that campaign under McClellan; from Yorktown via the Chicka- 
 hominy Swamp to Malvern Hill, thence to Maryland and the battle of 
 
352 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 South Mountain, in which was wounded in right foot by a musket-ball, but 
 continued on duty and through the fights at Boonsborough and Antietam; 
 in the latter was wounded in the hip by a fragment of shell; was under 
 surgical treatment for eighteen months on account of these wounds, and 
 was finally transferred to the Invalid Corps, in which, was detailed as 
 acting quartermaster at Newark, N. J. ; was honorably discharged at 
 expiration of term of enlistment, September 16, 1864. Comrade Sefton 
 is a member and past commander of Warren Post, of Sacramento, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 PHIUP DOHERTY. 
 
 A resident of Sacramento, Cal., was born in Ireland, January i, 1847; 
 is a laborer. Enlisted June 22, 1862, in Company K of the 39th Massachu 
 setts Infantry, and served as a private; was attached to the ist Brigade, 
 2d Division, ist Army Corps, and later to the ist Brigade, 2d Division, 
 and 5th Corps; was in the battle at Mine Run while in the ist Corps, and 
 afterwards with the 5th Corps at Mitchell Station, and down through the 
 Wilderness to Cold Harbor, across the James and to the siege of Peters 
 burg, and the battle of Weldon Railroad, at which, was wounded by 
 musket-ball in right hip; the bullet was not extracted for three months; 
 he remained on duty although incapacitated for active service until mus 
 tered out at end of wa* in May, 1865. Comrade Doherty is a member of 
 Warren Post, G. A. R., the headquarters of which are at his place of 
 residence. 
 
 JOHN OSBORN. 
 
 Was born in New York city, November i, 1847, and is a farmer; 
 was a school-boy, but thirteen years and ten months old at Badger, Wis., 
 when September 19, 1861, he enlisted in Company A, i4th Wisconsin 
 Volunteer Infantry as a drummer, carried, however, a musket and served 
 as a private throughout his term of enlistment; belonged to the ist Brigade, 
 3d Division, I7th Army Corps; saw his first skirmish at Alton, Ills., in 
 the fall of 1861, with bridge-burners; took part in the battles at Shiloh, 
 Itika, Corinth, Champion Hills, the battles and siege of Vicksburg, in the 
 Atlanta campaign, its siege and battles, in the march from Atlanta to the 
 sea and through the Carolinas, at the battle of Bentonville, and the sur 
 render of General Jos. E. Johnston with the Confederate forces under his 
 command; and present at the grand review of General Sherman s army 
 at Washington city; wounded at the battle of Shiloh by a bullet in the 
 head, but remained with his company on the field until the end of the 
 battle; struck in the right leg by a fragment of shell in the action at 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 858 
 
 Corinth, and badly injured from becoming overheated in the fight at 
 Champion Hills, Miss., and from the effects of which he has never entirely 
 recovered. At the end of his three years term of service he re-enlisted 
 in the i4th Wisconsin, which was the first regiment from that State to 
 veteranize; was finally mustered out at Madison, Wis. , September 25, 
 1865; was in Government employ in the quartermaster s department in the 
 transportation of supplies over the great plains to military posts for some 
 five years after the war; came to California in 1870, and is a member of 
 W. R. Cornman Post, G. A. R., at San Bernardino, Cal. , his place of 
 residence. 
 
 HENRY A. ASTHOLZ. 
 
 Comrade Astholz was born at Gronan, Germany, October 24, 1840. 
 In civil life he has followed the occupations of merchandising and tan 
 ning, and is at present city marshal, collector, and notary public at Cape 
 Girardeau, Mo. He arrived at New York city in June, 1858; in August, 
 1861, enlisted in Company B, 5th Cavalry, Missouri Volunteers, as a private, 
 afterwards promoted to corporal, sergeant, color-bearer, and quarmaster- 
 sergeant; attached to the i6th Army Corps; took part in the following 
 battles: Fredericktown, Mo., Pea Ridge, Ark., Ivy Farm, and quite a num 
 ber of minor engagements; received a wound in his leg while in line of 
 duty; was honorably discharged from the service at St. Louis, Mo., Octo 
 ber 19, 1864. Comrade Astholz holds several prominent and trusty posi 
 tions in his town and for several years was captain of its volunteer fire 
 company. He is a member of Justi Post, No. 173, G. A. R., located at 
 Cape Girardeau, Mo., where he resides. On account of the wounds received 
 while in the service he receives a pension from the Government. 
 
 PATRICK EDWARD CONNOR. 
 
 Was born in the south of Ireland, March 17, 1820; at an early age 
 emigrated with his parents to New York city, where he received a good 
 common school education. In 1839, during the Florida War, enlisted in 
 the ist U. S. Dragoons, Colonel Stephen W. Kearny, and was mustered 
 out, in November, 1844, at expiration of term of service. Returned 
 to New York city and engaged in mercantile business. In the spring of 
 1846 removed to Texas; the war with Mexico broke out that year, and 
 young Connor was the second officer mustered into service, as captain of 
 Texas Volunteers in the regiment of Albert Sidney Johnston, whom they 
 elected colonel; Captain Connor was with his company at the battles of 
 Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, and Buena Vista; in the latter battle he 
 
854 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 lost nearly half of his company, and was himself severely wounded, on 
 account of which he now draws a pension. 
 
 Shortly after the close of the war removed to California, settling at 
 Stockton, where he was engaged in business until the breaking out of the 
 Civil War. Tendering his services to the Governor of California, was by 
 him appointed colonel of the 3d California Infantry. It was expected 
 at the time that the regiment would go east and participate in the war; 
 such was the anxiety of its officers and men that they volunteered to pay 
 the expenses of their transportation, one of the enlisted men (Corporal 
 John W. Goldthait, Company G) tendering $5,000 for that purpose. In 
 the spring of 1862 Colonel Connor was ordered with his regiment to Utah; 
 his command consisted of the 3d California Infantry and a part of the 2d 
 California Cavalry; he also had with him six pieces of artillery. The Mor 
 mon church leaders endeavored to persuade him to stop at old Camp Floyd, 
 some forty -five miles west of Salt Lake City, and even threatened to oppose 
 his march through the city to establish his camp on the heights immedi 
 ately east and commanding it. The colonel informed them that he repre 
 sented the Government, intended to act for its best interests, and was 
 ready, then and there, to settle the question as to whether the mandate 
 of Brigham Young or the authority of the United States was to be obeyed 
 in Utah. He marched through Salt Lake City, with colors flying, bands 
 playing, sabers drawn, and guns loaded, and Look up his position at what 
 he named Camp Douglas, his pieces of artillery being planted to com 
 mand Brigham Young s stronghold. It taught the Mormons a wholesome 
 lesson. 
 
 January 29, 1863, Colonel Connor, with four companies of the 2d 
 California Cavalry and a company of the 3d California Infantry, fought 
 the battle of Bear River against a bnnd of the Snakes, Utes, and Bannock 
 Indians, who for years had gone unpunished for innumerable murders of 
 overland travelers and mining prospectors. The Indians were almost 
 annihilated; 424 dead warriors were found on the field; only a few of the 
 number engaged, and the most of them wounded, escaped by jumping 
 into the river and crossing it. As the hostiles were strongly intrenched 
 in a ravine, in the sides of which they had cut artificial benches to fire 
 from, the California troops also lost heavily; they had sixty-three killed 
 and wounded, and in addition seventy-nine had their feet and lower limbs 
 frozen, in consequence of becoming wet and chilled through in crossing 
 Bear River, the waters of which were intensely cold, and filled with float 
 ing ice; the total number disabled was 142, over half the command. This 
 battle, one of the most famous of Indian fights, made permanent peace on 
 that frontier. Colonel Connor, for his skill and gallantry on this occasion, 
 was promoted to the rank of brigadier-general. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 355 
 
 In 1865 General Connor, at the request of the legislatures of Colorado 
 and Nebraska, was appointed to the District of the Plains, the district 
 being created for him, as the Indians at that time were generally hostile, 
 murdering settlers on isolated farms, capturing cattle and horses, destroy 
 ing property, waylaying travelers, and attacking stage stations. The dis 
 trict comprised Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Nebraska, part of Dakota, and 
 New Mexico. In the summer of the same year the general, with 2,000 
 cavalry, marched into the Sioux country to punish that tribe and the 
 Arapahoes and Cheyennes for depredations on the overland mail route ; he 
 fought, in August, what is known as the battle of Tongue River, in which 
 he defeated the Arapahoes, killing nearly seventy of their warriors, cap 
 turing 600 horses, and destroying their village. A few days afterward he 
 received orders to march back to Fort Laramie and send the volunteer 
 troops underhis command, numbering somesixteen thousand, to their several 
 States to be mustered out of service, and was himself ordered back to his 
 old command in Utah; brevetted major-general of volunteers March 13, 
 1865, for gallant and meritorious service. General Grant, commanding 
 the army, in acknowledging the report of General Connor in 1865, with 
 regard to Utah, expressed appreciation of his efforts, and the belief that 
 "an institution like Mormonism cannot exist permanently in free and 
 close communication with the civilized world;" and also that "there 
 should be thorough protection of Gentiles against Mormons, whether as 
 transient visitors or settlers in Utah." 
 
 The daily Union Vedette, the first daily newspaper in Utah, was 
 started by General Connor, and entirely sustained out of his own private 
 means. Its main object, as stated, was "to educate the Mormon people 
 up to American views, to break the absolute rule of Brigham Young over 
 the people, and to convince them, as much as possible by moral suasion, 
 that they owed loyalty to the United States, and that it was disloyal to 
 attempt to establish a theocracy in Utah." Believing also that Utah was 
 a great mining country, he encouraged mining explorations, giving to the 
 enlisted men many of whom were experienced California miners fur 
 loughs and supplies for thirty days, and sending them, in numbers suf 
 ficient to protect themselves against Mormon interference, on prospecting 
 tours: the influence of Brigham Young, which was all-powerful, having 
 been against the development of the mining resources. General Connor 
 and his soldiers were the first miners of the Territory. He located the 
 first silver-mine in Utah the Jordan mine, in Brigham Canon; wrote the 
 first mining law, presided at the first miners meeting, built the first silver- 
 lead smelting works, and located the first Gentile town in Utah Stockton. 
 He built and owned the first steamer and sailing vessel to navigate Great 
 Salt lyake the steamer Kate Connor and the schooner Pioneer. 
 
356 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Honorably discharged in April, 1866, being among the last of the 
 general officers of volunteers mustered out of service. Was tendered the 
 position of colonel of one of the new regiments to be organized for 
 the Regular Army, but declined on account of his extensive mining 
 interests in Utah, and other business affairs. Is a member of George 
 H. Thomas Post, G. A. R. , at San Francisco, Cal., the military order 
 of the Loyal Legion of the United States, commandery of California, 
 and life member of the Veterans of the Mexican War; resides at present 
 in Redwood City, San Mateo County, Cal. 
 
 WILLIAM HENRY GILBERT. 
 
 Was born July 25, 1841, in Philadelphia, Pa., is a millwright by 
 trade. Enlisted February 3, 1862, in the yth Missouri Cavalry, and served 
 as corporal and sergeant; was in the department of Missouri; took part in 
 the battle at Lone Jack; received two slight flesh wounds; was engaged 
 diiring the rest of the war in fighting bushwhackers and in following up 
 and frequently engaging the rebel general Price; marched and counter 
 marched all over the southern part of the State; was frequently in charge 
 of scouting parties; was honorably discharged April 20, 1865. Comrade 
 Gilbert is a member of Frank Bartlett Post, G. A. R., of Los Angeles, 
 Cal., where he resides. 
 
 DANIEL SHEA. 
 
 Is a native of Ireland, where he was born, June 19, 1844; has been a 
 sailor, and is at present a telegraph constructor; shipped as ordinary sea 
 man on U. S. steamer Brooklyn, October 15, 1861, also served on U. S. 
 steamer Ossipee, and U. S. schooner Maria A. Woods; participated in the 
 battles and passage of forts St. Philip and Jackson, on the Mississippi 
 River below New Orleans, in the fleet under Admiral Farragut, and was 
 also in the battles of Mobile Bay, under the same admiral ; was honorably 
 discharged from service August 25, 1864. Comrade Shea is a member 
 of Lvon Post, G. A. R., at Oakland, Cal., of which city he is a resident. 
 
 JAMES WILSON LINDSEY. 
 
 Was born in Franklin County, Ohio, September 10, 1843, allc ^ ^ s a 
 painter by trade. Enlisted in August, 1861, in Company H, 4th Ohio 
 Cavalry, and served as a private and sergeant; was first assigned to the 3d 
 Division, General O. M. Mitchell commanding, afterward to the 2d Brigade, 
 2d Division, ist Cavalry Corps, Army of the Cumberland; was engaged 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 357 
 
 in the capture of Nashville, Term., the battles of Perry ville, Murfrees- 
 boro, Chickamauga, frequent skirmishes with the rebel general Morgan s 
 command, Resaca, Big Shanty, and other actions; received two wounds 
 during his term of service in the field, one in the left arm and one in the 
 right leg; was honorably discharged at Columbia, Tenn., October 20, 
 1864, by reason of expiration of term of enlistment. Comrade Lindsey 
 is a member of Lyon Post, G. A. R., at Oakland, Cal., of which city he 
 is a resident. 
 
 ISAAC R. LANE. 
 
 Was born in Barnesville, Ohio, October 20, 1842, and at the outbreak 
 of the war was following his trade of printer. Enlisted in Company H, 
 94th Ohio Infantry, August 5, 1862; the following month .was captured 
 and paroled near Versailles, Ky., and rejoined his regiment in January, 
 1863, after being exchanged; served from that time until the close of the 
 war, in the ist Brigade, ist Division, I4th Army Corps, and took part in 
 the battles of Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, and Missionary Ridge, 
 where he was slightly wounded in the hand; was in all the battles of the 
 Atlanta campaign, Sherman s march to the sea, march through the Caro- 
 linas, battle of Bentonville, N. C., and the surrender of Johnston near 
 Raleigh, N. C. ; was honorably discharged from the service, near Wash 
 ington, June 5, 1865. Comrade Lane, at the close of the war, returned 
 to his home at Barnesville, Ohio, where he is now the agent for the Balti 
 more & Ohio Railroad Company; joined Robert Hiller Post, No. 220, 
 G. A. R., as a charter member, April, 1882; the post is located at Barnes 
 ville, and he has successively served as its sergeant-major, junior vice- 
 commander, senior vice-commander, and commander. 
 
 PAUL VAN DER VOORT. 
 
 Was born in Clinton County, Ohio, in 1846; received a limited com 
 mon school education. Enlisted at the age of fifteen years and seven months 
 in Company G, 68th Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and served three months; 
 at the expiration of term re-enlisted in Company M, i6th Illinois Cavalry, 
 for three years; served as a private and sergeant; was attached to the 9th 
 Army Corps, the 6th Corps, the 23d Corps, and the Cavalry Corps of the 
 Military Division of the Mississippi; took part in the Knoxville campaign, 
 Hood campaign, and the battles attending them; was captured, and for 
 over eleven months a prisoner at Andersonville and other southern prisons; 
 on being exchanged rejoined his regiment and continued with it in active 
 service; honorably discharged August i, 1865; was for ten years chief 
 
358 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 clerk of the railway mail service at Omaha, Neb. ; since which time has 
 been special agent of the Union Pacific Railroad, and as such was detailed 
 to assist in obtaining favorable action for the proposition to have the meet 
 ing of the twentieth national encampment of the G. A. R. at San Fran 
 cisco, Cal. ; also to organize and secure travel to the encampment. Was 
 mustered into the G. A. R. in 1866; is a member of Phil Kearney Post, 
 No. 2, at Fort Omaha, Neb. ; has been aid-de-camp on national and depart 
 ment staff, post commander, assistant adjutant-general department of Illi 
 nois, provisional and permanent commander of department of Nebraska, 
 senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief and Commander-in-Chief, to which latter 
 position he was elected at the sixteenth national encampment held at Balti 
 more, Md., in June, 1882, and was the first private or non-commissioned 
 officer elected to the place; it was at this assemblage that comrade Van 
 DerVoort inaugurated the movement which resulted in the establishment 
 of the Woman s Relief Corps; he declared himself a firm believer in the 
 work of loyal women, and invited a meeting of them at the place of the 
 next national encampment, for the purpose of organization, as auxiliary 
 to the Grancl Army; in accordance with this invitation representatives 
 from the different States and Territories assembled at Denver, Col., Jiily 
 23, 1883, the time and place of the seventeenth national encampment, and 
 there organized the Woman s Relief Corps. As a token of appreciation of 
 his services comrade Van DerVoort was elected, and is the only honorary 
 member for life of the National Woman s Relief Corps. During his term 
 of office as Commander-in-Chief he visited thirty-seven States and Terri 
 tories, traveled over 40,000 miles, and there were recruited more than 
 90,000 members in the G. A. R., which under the new interest awakened 
 in it doubled in numbers in one year; he was the first Commander-in-Chief 
 to visit the Pacific Coast, which he did in April, 1883; the enthusiasm 
 created among the veterans, as elsewhere, brought about many additions 
 to the G. A. R. posts of the department of California. 
 
 HARVEY L. DREW. 
 
 Was born in Cass County, Mich., November 6, 1839; was engaged 
 in farming before the war, since, has been in the lumber business and mer 
 chandising; is at present in the banking business at San Bernardino, Cal., 
 his place of residence. Enlisted August 2, 1861, in 2d Michigan Cavalry, 
 and was afterwards transferred to Company K, 3d Michigan Cavalry; 
 served as a private, appointed staff sergeant, commissioned 2d lieutenant 
 in August, 1862; promoted to ist lieutenant in January, 1863, and cap 
 tain in September, 1864; participated in the battles of Shiloh, siege of 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 350 
 
 Corinth, luka, New Madrid, the siege and battles at Vicksburg, and other 
 engagements, amounting in number to twenty-three battles in which with 
 his regiment he took part. An extract from the report of the adjutant- 
 general of Michigan says: " Company K, 3d Michigan Cavalry, Captain 
 Newell (of which Harvey L. Drew was then 2d lieutenant) was selected 
 to carry dispatches from General Grant at Lagrange, Miss., to General 
 Sherman at Memphis, Tenn., through the enemy s lines a direct distance 
 of fifty miles. After a ride enlivened with several encounters with rebels 
 and swollen rivers of 120 miles in eighteen hours, they delivered the 
 messages, which had been memorized by the three commissioned officers 
 of the company, safely to General Sherman, receiving the highest praise 
 for their daring exploit." Captain Drew resigned his commission in 
 December, 1864, came to California in 1874, and is a charter member of 
 W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at San Bernardino, Cal. 
 
 LOUIS ROCHAT. 
 
 Was born in Merges, Switzerland, December 31, 1837, and is by occu 
 pation a watchmaker and jeweler; came to the United States in 1857. 
 Enlisted in the 4th Kansas Volunteer Infantry, in June, 1861, the regi 
 ment afterward being consolidated with the loth Kansas Volunteers; served 
 as a private; belonged to the army of the frontier; participated in the bat 
 tles of Dry Wood, Osceola, Locust Grove, Prairie Grove, Cane Hill, Van 
 Buren, and other engagements; honorably discharged from service at Fort 
 Leavenworth, in August, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of enlist 
 ment; was a charter member of Atchison, Kansas, Post, No. 93, G. A. R., 
 and is now a member of W. R. Cornman Post, at San Bernardino, Cal., 
 where he resides,, and is engaged in the watch and jewelry business. 
 
 EDWARD R. HUTCHINS. 
 
 Was born in Concord, N. H., October 24, 1841, and at the outbreak 
 of the war was in Harvard Medical School, at Boston. Enlisted as a pri 
 vate in Company H, ist Massachusetts Infantry, in 1861, and as such was 
 at the first Bull Run; three weeks after passed an examination as medical 
 cadet, and served one year in hospitals at Washington; was then appointed 
 assistant surgeon of nth New Hampshire Infantry, and served in the 2d 
 Division, gth Corps, Army of the Potomac, taking part in the battles of 
 South Mountain, Antietam, and Fredericksburg; resigned, and went before 
 the U. S. Naval Examining Board, and, being successful, was commis 
 sioned acting assistant surgeon; passed one year on blockade duty on coast 
 
360 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 of Georgia, being in the South Atlantic and East Gnlf squadrons, and 
 with Farragnt at Mobile Bay; was transferred to the U. S. steamer Massa 
 chusetts, and served on her until six months after the war, when he was 
 honorably discharged. Comrade Hutchins, after the war, practiced med 
 icine in Philadelphia for several years, then went west and located in Des 
 Moines, la., where he is now the commissioner of labor statistics for the 
 State; was for a long time professor of chemistry in the Iowa Agricultural 
 College; is a member of Kinsman Post, No. 7, G. A. R., of the same place, 
 and aid-de-camp to the department commander. 
 
 GEORGE B. PECK, JR. 
 
 Was born in Providence, R. I., August 12, 1843, all( ^ previous to 
 entering the army was a student, graduating at Brown University in 1864. 
 In the summer of 1863, as corporal in the Rhode Island Marine Artillery, 
 performed guard service at "The Bonnet," Narragansett Bay entrance, west 
 passage, for several weeks, at the time the coast was threatened by the 
 confederate privateer Florida. Appointed 2d lieutenant Company G, 2d 
 Rhode Island Infantry Volunteers, December 14, 1864; on recruiting serv 
 ice until January 2, 1865, waiting orders until January i5th, then on duty 
 at U. S. Draft Rendezvous, Fairhaven, Conn., until March 13, 1865, 
 when he sailed for City Point, James River, Va. ; was attached to the 3d 
 Brigade, ist Division, 6th Army Corps; served in front of Petersburg and 
 in the pursuit of Lee until April 6, 1865, when, in action at Sailor Creek, 
 was badly wounded, being struck by a rifle-biillet which passed through his 
 side near left hip; resigned and honorably discharged July 5, 1865. Com 
 rade Peck on return to civil life was for four years a book-keeper in a 
 wholesale and retail coal and wood firm; then studied medicine at the 
 Hahnemann Medical College at Philadelphia, Pa., and passed his exami 
 nation; took a course of studies also at the Yale Medical College, gradu 
 ating in June, 1871; devoted the following year to chemistry, mineralogy, 
 etc., at the Sheffield scientific school attached to Yale College; from 
 1872 to 1874 was assistant chemist at the U. S. Naval Torpedo Station, 
 Newport, R. I.; in charge of chemical department University of Vermont 
 in fall of 1874; commenced practice of his profession in May, 1875, at 
 Providence, R. L, where he has ever since resided; has been secretary of 
 the Rhode Island Homoeopathic Society, vice-president and president; was 
 elected vice-president of the Western Massachusetts Homoeopathic Medical 
 Society, of which he is an active though non-resident member; honorary 
 member of the New York Homoeopathic Medical Society ; chairman Bureau 
 of Obstetrics American Institute of Homoeopathy, and a frequent contributor 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 361 
 
 to medical journals; was for three years surgeon of the Light Artillery 
 Division, Rhode Island Militia; adjutant of the Veteran Association of the 
 Providence Marine Corps of Artillery for eleven years; vice-president of 
 the Soldiers and Sailors Historical Society of Rhode Island, to whose 
 series of publications he has contributed two numbers; for six years a 
 member of the school committee of Providence. Comrade Peck was a 
 charter member of Prescott Post, No. i, G. A. R., at Providence, R. I., 
 and for two years its surgeon; is also a companion of Massachusetts Com- 
 mandery, Loyal Legion. 
 
 EDWARD H. SMITH. 
 
 Was born in Berkshire County, Mass., September 5, 1839; came to 
 California in 1855 and mined in Nevada County until the outbreak of the 
 Civil War. Enlisted in the latter part of 1861 in Company I, 4th Cali 
 fornia Infantry; mustered into the service of the United States, February 
 n, 1862; served as a private; was stationed for a year in the department 
 of California, and the last two years of enlistment in Arizona and New 
 Mexico; honorably discharged on expiration of term, February n, 1865; 
 on his return to civil life settled in Arizona, where he remained until 1883, 
 returning then to California; was a member of the Arizona Legislature in 
 1 880-81 ; has been sheriff of Mohave County, Arizona, justice of the peace, 
 coroner, and was notary public for four consecutive terms; is a member 
 of W. R. Cornman Post, G. A. R., at San Bernardino, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 ANDREW J. LANGMADE. 
 
 Was born in Yorkshire, N. Y., May 24, 1840; is engaged in farming; 
 enlisted in iO5th New York Regiment, afterwards consolidated with 94th, 
 December 12, 1861; served as a private and ist sergeant; was attached to 
 the 5th Army Corps; was in eighteen battles, namely: 2d Bull Run, Antie- 
 tam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Mine Run, Cold Harbor, Cedar Mount 
 ain, Rappahannock Station, Thoroughfare Gap, Chantilly, Fredericksburg, 
 South Mountain, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Bethesda Church, White Oak 
 Swamp, Petersburg, and Weldon Railroad; was captured twice, first at 
 Gettysburg, when was paroled on the battle-field, but returned to duty, as 
 the Government did not recognize such parole; captured again at Weldon 
 Railroad; was prisoner for six months, most of the time at Salisbury in 
 the sto6kade containing 10,000 men dying at the rate of thirty a day, 
 twice engaged in tunnels to make escape, and took part in the big break 
 and fight when eighteen comrades were killed and fifty -eight wounded; 
 
362 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 remained in Salisbury prison until February 27, 1865, enduring great suf 
 ferings, and had severe sickness after getting out; was wounded in the 
 hand by the raiders in the prison; was honorably discharged from service 
 at Hlmira, N. Y. ; has been commander since its organization of Howell 
 Post, No. 390, G. A. R., at Yorkshire Centre, N. Y. , his place of resi 
 dence. 
 
 JOHN ARTHUR BROWN. 
 
 Was born in Trenton, Oneida County, N. Y., February 16, 1840; has 
 been a farmer; is at present a carpenter. Enlisted in the 26th Iowa 
 Infantry August n, 1862, attached to ist Brigade, ist Division, i5th Army 
 Corps; served as a sergeant; was in the battles of Lookout Mountain, 
 siege of Vicksburg, and all battles following Mission Ridge; participated 
 in Atlanta campaign and march to the sea, and other operations till end 
 of war; was honorably discharged from service in Washington June 6, 
 1865; is adjutant of Dunham Post, No. 86, G. A. R., at Kingsburg, Cal., 
 his place of residence. 
 
 FRED KNAGI. 
 
 Was born in Berne, Switzerland, February 23, 1840, and at the out 
 break of the war was working as a gardener in this country. Enlisted in 
 the i5th U. S. Infantry August 23, 1861, and served as a sergeant of Com 
 pany D, 2d Battalion; was attached to the Regular Brigade of the I4th 
 Army Corps; took part in the battles and engagements of Mission Ridge, 
 Buzzard s Roost, Resaca, New Hope Church, Kenesaw Mountain, and all 
 the battles around Atlanta, Ga. ; was honorably discharged from the service 
 at Atlanta August 22, 1864. Comrade Knagi is now a merchant at Toronto, 
 Ohio; joined G. N. Sinister Post, No. 239, G. A. R. , of the same place, 
 June 30, 1882, and has been three times its commander. 
 
 ABRAHAM DREYFUS. 
 
 Was born in the kingdom of Bavaria, now a portion of the German 
 Empire, October 4, 1827, and learned the trade of silversmith; came to 
 the United States in 1849, an( ^ enlisted in Company H, 7th U. S. Infantry, 
 January 31, 1855; served in the Utah expedition of 1857-58, and on the 
 frontier; was at Fort Buchanan, Arizona, with his company when the war 
 broke out; re-enlisted at expiration of term of service in his company for 
 the war; detailed to camp of instruction at Cerro, N. M., to drill New 
 Mexican volunteers; then went East and was present at the capture of 
 forts Henry and Donelson ; after which he was ordered back to Fort Gregg, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 363 
 
 N. M., where he served until the close of the war; took part in all the 
 engagements under General Canby in the Department of New Mexico; 
 wounded in battle at Valverde, N. M., by a bullet in right elbow; com 
 missioned 2d lieutenant, Company K, ist California Cavalry, by Governor 
 Low of California, but declined; appointed ordnance-sergeant in the Regu 
 lar Army, and honorably discharged as such in the spring of 1865; at close 
 of war went to Mazatlan and thence to Sinaloa, Mexico, where he success 
 fully engaged in mining until 1884, when in June of that year he came 
 to California; he is at present engaged in the wholesale liquor business at 
 San Bernardino, Cal. , and is a member of W. R. Cornman Post, G. A. R., 
 at that place. 
 
 CARLOS GEORGE YOUNG. 
 
 Was born in Lisbon, N. H., February 9, 1845; nas been engaged in 
 mercantile business; is at present a commission merchant. Enlisted in 
 5th Massachusetts Volunteers July 12, 1864; served as a private; unattached 
 to any corps; was honorably discharged from the service at Readville, 
 Mass., November 16, 1864. ^ s a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, No. 2, 
 G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 FRANCIS REA. 
 
 Was born in Macon County, Ills., June 9, 1845; has been a farmer; 
 is at present superintendent of Peoples Ditch Company of King s River. 
 Enlisted in Company A, 35th Illinois Infantry, April i, 1862; served as a 
 private; was attached to 4th Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland; was 
 in battles of Perryville, Stone River, Tullahomo campaign, Chickamauga, 
 Mission Ridge, and in Sherman s campaign to Atlanta; was honorably 
 discharged from service at Bull s Gap, March 31, 1865; is surgeon of Dun 
 ham Post, No. 86, G. A. R., at Kingsburg, Cal. ; resides in Traver, Tulare 
 County, Cal. 
 
 ALBION P. WILSON. 
 
 Was born in Newport, Me., May 2, 1822; has been a shipwright, 
 lumberman, millman, land agent, cooper, farmer; is at present a caulker; 
 enlisted in Company F, 2d Maine Infantry, April 15, 1861; attached to 
 ist Brigade, 2d Division, 3d Army Corps, and ist Brigade, ist Division, 5th 
 Army Corps; served as ist lieutenant and captain, received commissions 
 April 25, 1861, and September 14, 1861; was in the battles of ist and 2d 
 Bull Run, Yorktown, Mechanicsville, Malvern Hill, Antietam, Hanover 
 Court-house, and Fredericksburg; was wounded in last-named battle by a 
 
364 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 shell which fractured the skull; was honorably discharged from service 
 by special order from General Meade April 15, 1863; was sent to Chicago 
 convention by G. A. R. as delegate, where he voted for Grant in soldiers 
 convention ; has been deputy assessor and deputy licensing collector in San 
 Francisco; w r as post commander of Post No. 9, New Jersey; is at present 
 member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, No. 2, G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal. , 
 his place of residence. 
 
 LUCIUS M. BOOTH. 
 
 Was born in Essex, Vt., May 17, 1841; has been a car-builder and 
 lumber merchant; is at present a commission merchant. Enlisted in i3th 
 Vermont, in September, 1862; served as corporal and ist sergeant; was 
 attached to Vermont Brigade; was in battle of Gettysburg; was honorably 
 discharged from service in 1865. Is quartermaster of Rollin S. Sherman 
 Post, No. 86, G. A. R., at Essex Junction, Vt. , his place of residence. 
 
 HORACE L. HADLEY. 
 
 Was born in Sandwich, Carroll County, N. H. , May 7, 1837; is a 
 lawyer by profession. Enlisted in Company C, 5th Massachusetts Regi 
 ment, August 26, 1862; served as a private; was attached to i8th Army 
 Corps, commanded by General Foster; was in battles of Kinston, White 
 Hall, Goldsboro Bridge, Gum Swamp, and second attack on Newbern, 
 N. C.; received nine wounds during service; was honorably discharged 
 at Boston, Mass., in July, 1863. Was admitted to the bar in 1862, having 
 read law with Perry & Eudicott (the last named being Cleveland s Secre 
 tary of War); practiced law seven years in Massachusetts, then removed 
 to Ohio; represented Fayette County in Ohio Legislature, 1882-86; has 
 been charter commander of John M. Bell Post, No. 119, G. A. R., at Wash 
 ington Court-house, Ohio, his place of residence. 
 
 ROBERT McCONNELL. 
 
 Was born in Ireland in 1835; has been a carpenter and builder; is at 
 present a police officer in San Francisco. Enlisted in Company B, i5oth 
 New York Infantry, September, 1862; attached to 2oth Army Corps; served 
 as captain; received commission October 6, 1862; was in the battles of 
 Gettysburg, Kenesaw Mountain, Dallas, Resaca, Marietta, and siege of 
 Atlanta; received slight wound at Gettysburg; on the night of second day 
 of this battle was ordered in command of Company B to try and recapture 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 365 
 
 the ist Indiana Battery from the rebels; this was effected, and the battery 
 brought inside the Union lines with 120 prisoners, at 3 A. M., after six hours 
 hard work; in 1863 was transferred to western Army of Cumberland under 
 command of General Hooker, and later of General Slocum, and partici 
 pated in all the battles from Chattanooga to Atlanta; is a member of 
 Lincoln Post, No. i, G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal., his place of 
 residence. 
 
 WILLIAM T. BURNETT. 
 
 Was born in Macoupin County, Ills., June 30, 1839; has been engaged 
 in farming; enlisted in Company A, 32d Illinois Infantry August 27, 1861 ; 
 attached to 3d Brigade, 4th Division, lyth Army Corps, Army of Tennes 
 see; served as ist sergeant, 2d lieutenant, and ist lieutenant; promoted 
 for meritorious services, receiving commissions in April, 1862, and January, 
 1864; was in the battles of Shiloh, Hatchie, Vicksburg, Corinth, Kenesaw 
 Mountain, Atlanta, Savannah, Nickajack, Bentonville, and many skir 
 mishes; was honorably discharged from service at Fort Leavenworth, 
 Kas., October 15, 1862; has been three years junior vice-commander of 
 McPherson Post, No. 51, G. A. R., atHanford, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 FRANK H. HOLSCHER. 
 
 Was born in Germany, August 30, 1837; has been a carpenter and 
 millwright. Enlisted in 34th N. Y. Infantry May 18, 1861; was attached 
 to 2d Brigade, 2d Division, 2d Corps; served as a private; was in the battles 
 of Balls Bluff, siege of Yorktown, Fredericksburg, and all others in which 
 his regiment was engaged until time of discharge; was wounded in right 
 arm at Antietam, and was struck by pieces of shell, receiving slight 
 injuries; was never excused from duty save one day at Harper s Ferry 
 when ill with fever; was honorably discharged from service, at Albany, 
 N. Y., June 30, 1863; is a member of Lincoln Post, No. i, G. A. R., at 
 San Francisco, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 DEMING W. H. DAY. 
 
 Was born in Pickaway County, Ohio, February 12, 1832; has been 
 attorney-at-law and fanner. Enlisted in Company K, inth Ohio Volun 
 teer Infantry, in August, 1862; served as captain of his company, and 
 inspector of 3d Division; was attached to 23d Army Corps; brevetted as 
 lieutenant-colonel; took part in many battles, being injured at Buffington 
 Island, Ohio, by fall of wounded horse during Morgan s raid; also received 
 
306 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 gunshot wound and injury from shell explosion at Resaca, Ga., in May, 
 1864; honorably discharged from service at Columbus, Ohio, February 
 8, 1866; immediately after the war, was quartermaster-general of Ohio, 
 with rank of brigadier-general, upon the staff of General J. D. Cox. Was 
 engaged as contractor for public works in Ohio for three years; was post 
 commander, and is a member of Wiley Post, No. 46, G. A. R., department 
 of Ohio, at Bowling Green, his place of residence. 
 
 SAMUEL BRILEY. 
 
 Was born September 21, 1831, in Mayfield, Ky.; a carpenter by trade; 
 at present a fire and life insivrance agent; enlisted August n, 1862, in 
 Company F of the 8ist Illinois Infantry, and served as corporal; was 
 attached to the 3d Brigade, iyth Army Corps; took part in the battles 
 at Port Gibson, Raymond, Jackson, Miss., and others; was wounded in 
 left hand and wrist at Champion Hills; was honorably discharged from the 
 service at Mound City, Ills., October 20, 1863. Comrade Briley is a mem 
 ber of Elco Post, G. A. R. , of Elco, Ills., where he resides; is senior vice- 
 commander of his post. 
 
 O. H. HULL. 
 
 Was born in Taylor County, W. Va., June 16, 1845. Enlisted in 
 Company H, I2th West Virginia Infantry in January, 1864, and served as 
 a private; was in the Shenandoah Valley campaign of 1864, being at the 
 engagements of New Market, Piedmont, and Lynchburg; was with Sher 
 idan at the battle of Winchester, also at Snicker s Ferry, Cedar Creek, 
 and Fisher s Hill; was in front of Richmond April i, 1865, next at Peters 
 burg, from there to the surrender of Lee, and thence to Richmond; was 
 honorably discharged in September, 1865. Comrade Hull is now a resi 
 dent of Stockton, Cal., and a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, G. A. R., 
 of that place. 
 
 JEROME MILLER. 
 
 Was born in Lampeter Square, Lancaster County, Pa., May 5, 1845; 
 has been railroad conductor and engineer, policeman, foreman of the Key 
 stone Bridge Company of Pittsburg, Pa., and is at present marshal for 
 Chinese consul-general of San Francisco. Enlisted in i22d Pennsylvania 
 Volunteer Infantry, August, 1862; 5oth Pennsylvania Militia, June, 1863, 
 and in Battery I, Pennsylvania Light Artillery, January, 1864; attached 
 to ist Brigade, 3d Division, 3d Corps, Army of the Potomac; served as 
 private, corporal, and sergeant; was in the battles of Snicker s Gap, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 87 
 
 Kelly s Ford, first and second Fredericksburg, Fairfax Court-house, Salem 
 Heights, and Chancellorsville; was wounded at the last-named battle by 
 sabot from shell in right shin; honorably discharged from service, 1865; 
 in 1878 entered U. S. Marine Corps and was assigned to flagship Rich 
 mond, then setting oiit for China to carry General Grant on his tour around 
 the world ; passed four years in China and Japan, and arrived in California, 
 1882; is a member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 2, G. A. R.,at San 
 Francisco, Cal., his present place of residence. 
 
 E. K. ABBOTT. 
 
 Was born in Canada December 27, 1840, and his occupation has been 
 that of a druggist and physician. Enlisted October 7, 1864, m Company 
 I of the gtli Illinois Cavalry, and served as corporal in the army operating 
 in Tennessee and Alabama; was honorably discharged from service Octo 
 ber 13, 1865, at Montgomery, Ala. Is a member of James B. Steedman 
 Post, No. 56, G. A. R., of Salinas, Monterey County, Cal., where he is a 
 practicing physician. 
 
 JOHN COSTELLO. 
 
 Was born in Ireland in 1832; is a musician, serving at present in 
 that capacity on board the U. S. receiving ship Independence, at Mare 
 Island, Cal.; enlisted in 1857 ^ n the 9th U. S. Infantry and served con 
 tinuously until 1868; the latter part of service being in the 2d U. S. 
 Artillery; was attached to the 5th Army Corps, and took part in eighteen 
 battles, among which \vere Pittsburg Landing, Yorktown, Hanover Court 
 house, Fair Oaks, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettys 
 burg, Chickamauga, Wilderness, Cold Harbor, and others; was honorably 
 discharged from the army in 1868; since then has been a whaler in the 
 Arctic Ocean, making many narrow escapes; at one time was caught and 
 retained in an ice-pack for six weeks, drifting towards the north pole. 
 Comrade Costello is a member of Farragut Post, G. A. R., of Vallejo, 
 Cal. 
 
 G. W. F. VERNON. 
 
 Was born in Frederick, Md., June 14, 1863; has been a lawyer, post 
 master at Frederick city, Md., special agent U. S. Treasury Department 
 and surveyor of customs at Baltimore. Enlisted in Company A, Cole s 
 Cavalry, which formed battalion of P. H. B. Cavalry, Maryland Volun 
 teers; was attached to i2th and 8th Army Corps; served as 2d lieutenant, 
 ist lieutenant, major, lieutenant-colonel, and acting brigade commander; 
 
368 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 received commissions in June and October, 1862, March and April, 1864; 
 was in battles of Winchester, siege of Harper s Ferry, Piedmont, Lees- 
 burg, Lynchburg, Winchester, Antietam, London Heights, and others, 
 being distinguished for brilliant cavalry charges; was wounded by bullet 
 in head, received saber wounds in 1862, and had his left eye shot out at 
 midnight attack on London Heights; was honorably discharged from 
 service, at Harper s Ferry, June 28, 1865. Is a member of Reynolds 
 Post, No. 2, G. A. R. ; has served as its commander, twice as senior vice- 
 department commander, and is at present department commander of 
 Maryland. 
 
 H. S. DEARBORN. 
 
 Was born in New Hampshire March 24, 1838, and by trade is a last- 
 maker. Enlisted in Company F, iyth Massachusetts Infantry, April 26, 
 1861, and was in Burnside s gth Army Corps, taking part in the battles of 
 White Hall, Gum Swamp, Kinston, Goldsboro, and others; was hon 
 orably discharged August 3, 1864. Comrade Dearborn is now a resident 
 of San Francisco, Cal., and a member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 2, 
 G. A. R., of the same place. 
 
 LOUIS C. CLEVELAND. 
 
 Was born in Princeton, Bureau County, Ills., in 1838; has been 
 engaged in farming, stock-raising, and mining; his present occupation is 
 teaming; crossed the plains with an ox-team in 1859; being taken sick 
 remained at Carson city, Utah, now Nevada, for the winter, and in the 
 spring engaged in the restaurant business in Virginia City; came to Cali 
 fornia in 1860. Enlisted in Company G, 2d California Cavalry, October 
 29, 1864; served as a private; was on provost guard duty at Sacramento, 
 Cal. ; mustered out February i, 1866; is a member of Jesse L. Reno Post, 
 G. A. R., at Hollister, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 DAVID GREAVES. 
 
 Was born August 22, 1835, in Leicester, Eng. ; has been a machinist, 
 gas engineer, and merchant; is at present deputy county clerk; enlisted in 
 ist Iowa Infantry April 16, 1861, and re-enlisted in the 2ist Iowa Infantry 
 July 1 8, 1862, and served as a private, corporal, lieutenant, captain, and 
 major; was attached to the ist Brigade, ist Division, i3th Army Corps; 
 was present at and took part in the battles at Dug Springs, Mo., Forsyth, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 369 
 
 Wilson s Creek, Hartsville, Beaver Creek, Magnolia Hill, Miss., Cham 
 pion Hills, Black River Bridge, siege of Vicksburg, Fort Esperanza, Tex. , 
 and the siege of Mobile; was wounded five times in leg and arm; w r as 
 honorably discharged from the service August 18, 1865. Comrade Greaves 
 is a member of Canby Post, G. A. R., at Hot Springs, Ark., where he 
 resides; has been senior vice-commander and adjutant of his post and senior 
 vice-commander of the department of Arkansas. 
 
 LOYAL D. GRISWOLD. 
 
 Was born in St. Lawrence County, N. Y. , May 28, 1839; is a car 
 penter and builder. Enlisted November 2, 1861, in Company L of the 
 9th New York Cavalry, and served as private, corporal, and orderly- 
 sergeant; was attached to Sheridan s Cavalry Corps; wintered in 1861-62 
 near Washington; was on detached duty for a time; then was mounted, 
 and served in eastern Virginia until the spring of 1863; was orderly for 
 General Slocum, and served as such until after the battle of Gettysburg; 
 rejoining his regiment, was shot through the throat at the battle of Brandy 
 Station, and, being taken prisoner at the same time, was confined in the 
 tobacco warehouse prisons at Richmond for six months before being 
 exchanged, after which was for two months in the Annapolis Prisoners 
 Hospital; rejoined his regiment while it was engaged in the battle at Cold 
 Harbor; then served with Sheridan in his operations at Petersburg and in 
 the Shenandoah Valley; was mustered out after the battle of Fisher s 
 Hill. Came to California in 1885, and settled at Los Angeles. Comrade 
 Griswold is a member of Stanton Post, G. A. R., at Los Angeles, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 JAMES F. WALKER. 
 
 Was born in Crawford County, Pa., July 3, 1827; nas been a printer, 
 and has been engaged in various other pursuits. Enlisted in Company E 
 of the 2d Kansas Infantry in May, 1861, and served as a corporal; was 
 attached to the command of General Lyon; at the battle of Wilson s Creek 
 .was wounded three times and taken prisoner; was shot through left fore 
 and upper arm and in left side; was for three months in prison at Spring 
 field, Mo. ; was honorably discharged from the service in November, 1861; 
 was shortly afterwards appointed quartermaster s clerk in the Indian Bri 
 gade, and served in southwest Misso uri and Arkansas; took part as a vol 
 unteer in the battles at Fort Wayne, Prairie Grove, and Cane Hill; in the 
 first-named battle his horse was killed under him; in the spring of 1863 
 
 Y 
 
370 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 was chief clerk of the commissary department at Fort Gibson, Cherokee 
 Nation; November 16, 1863, was commissioned assistant quartermaster- 
 general on the staff of General Scott of the southern division of the 
 Kansas State Militia; March 22, 1864, was commissioned captain and assist 
 ant-quartermaster on the staff of Brigadier-General Scott in the Kansas 
 State Militia, and was on active duty on the frontier; has been several 
 times appointed as U. S. deputy marshal for the district of Kansas; in 
 August, 1869, was appointed notary public in Anderson County, Kas., 
 and served in that capacity for four years; came to California in 1875, 
 and has since resided in Los Angeles; is at present the president of the 
 Ex- Prisoners of War Association of California. Comrade Walker is a mem 
 ber of Frank Bartlett Post, G. A. R., at Los Angeles. 
 
 JOSEPH C. WALKINSHAW. 
 
 Was born August 24, 1831, at Jacksonville, Pa., was a millwright and 
 machinist before the war; from Kansas, in 1857, went out in charge of trans 
 portation with Johnson s Army on the Utah expedition. At Green River, 
 Wyoming, the Mormons burned their whole outfit of seventy-two wagons. 
 He turned back from Fort Bridger toward the States in charge of ninety-four 
 men, and started on foot to Fort Leavenworth in November with snow on the 
 ground two feet deep. Ninety-two of the party were taken safely through, 
 the other two having left the camp and been frozen to death. For three 
 days between Fort Laramie and Fort Kearney they were without rations, 
 and they were again in the same fix for two days between that point and 
 the settlements. The entire trip was made without tents or shelter other 
 than four wagons, which were used for the sick and frost-bitten men. The 
 party endured terrible sufferings in snow-storms and blizzards, wading 
 rivers running full of ice, etc. They arrived at Fort Leavenworth late 
 in January, 1858, nearly naked and barefooted. The newspapers of that 
 day contained graphic accounts of the terrible march. In the winter of 
 1860 comrade Walkinshaw returned to Pennsylvania, and four days after 
 President Lincoln s first call for troops he reported to General Negley at 
 the Monongahela House, Pittsburg, Pa., with a company of 184 men, 
 mostly coal-boat and river men. This company eventually became a part 
 of the 9th Regiment, Pennsylvania Reserves. In 1861 and 1862 he was 
 orderly-sergeant, 2d lieutenant, and ist lieutenant, commanding the com 
 pany. In 1863 he was promoted to a captaincy in the ist Kansas Infantry 
 and assigned to duty as drill officer of Lane s Brigade at Fort Leaven 
 worth, Kan. ; being afterward promoted major and aid-de-camp, he served 
 in that capacity until the close of the war. By authority of Governor 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 371 
 
 Osborne of Kansas he organized the Veteran Rifles, composed of G. A. R. 
 men, with which he also served tinder governors Anthony and St. John; 
 was discharged with his company after five years service as an independent 
 company; since the war has been a stage machinist; and since 1869 he 
 has been with the Missouri Pacific and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa 
 Fe railroads; he is also editor of the G. A. R., a. newspaper published at 
 Leavenworth, Kan; in 1875 he became a member of Lincoln Post, No. i, 
 G. A. R., at St. Louis, Mo., but since 1876 has belonged to Custer Post, 
 No. 6, of Kansas; served as assistant adjutant-general from 1876 to 1878, 
 and department commander from 1879 to 1882. When he took hold 
 of the department it had but one post of sixteen members, but when 
 he turned it over to his successor it consisted of 157 posts, witli 5,000 
 members. Was recommended by General Ord for promotion for gallantry 
 on the field. 
 
 HERRICK R. SCHELL. 
 
 Was born in Lewis County, N. Y., June 3, 1845; is engaged in viti 
 culture; enlisted in Battery H, ist New York Light Artillery, August 28, 
 1861; served as private and corporal, being attached to the 4th Army 
 Corps in McClellan s peninsular campaign, the 8th Army Corps under 
 General Dix, also ist and 5th Army Corps in the Army of the Potomac; 
 re-enlisted as a veteran volunteer in Company H, at Culpeper, Va. ; was 
 in the battles of Yorktown, Williamsburg, Chickahominy, Seven Pines, 
 or Fair Oaks, Savage Station, and seven days fighting before Richmond, 
 closing with battle of Malvern Hill; also Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsyl- 
 vania, Five Forks, and many others, down to the surrender of Lee at 
 Appomattox; also took part in the raid of General Kilpatrick in Vir 
 ginia, capturing many prisoners and stock. Was honorably discharged 
 from service June 17, 1865; nas been county clerk for three years; is a 
 member of Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R. , at Modesto, Cal. Resides at 
 Knight s Ferry, Stanislaus County, Cal. 
 
 A. H. MUNDT. 
 
 Was born August 5, 1847, ni Bremen, Germany; is a gold and silver 
 smith, watchmaker, and jeweler. Enlisted March 31, 1863, in the nth 
 Illinois Cavalry, and served as a private; principally with the i5th and 
 1 8th Army Corps; was present and took part in the battles of Shiloh, 
 Black River expedition, Jackson, Yazoo City, Haines Bluff, Grierson s 
 raid, and several other scouts and skirmishes; was wounded three times, 
 viz. : in left lung, right hip, and left knee the latter at Egypt, Miss. ; was 
 
372 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 captured at the same time; while wounded, was exposed to rain and sleet 
 on the field of battle for three days; was taken to prison at Columbus, 
 Miss., and a month later to Cahaba, Ala. ; while on the way was shot by 
 a drunken rebel officer through the left lung; was two months in prison 
 at Cahaba, during which time suffered many indignities and hardships; 
 was put in the stockade by the superintendent for making a caricature of 
 him; through the breaking of a dam the prison was flooded; had to stand 
 in cold water for nearly three days; was finally exchanged; has been a 
 great sufferer ever since the war; draws a pension on account of permanent 
 disability. Comrade Mundt has been for three years special mustering officer 
 for the department of Illinois; has been a post commander, and performed 
 the duties of adjutant, officer of the day and junior vice-commander; is a 
 member of Fairbury Post, G. A. R., of Fairbury, Livingston County, 
 Ills., where he resides. 
 
 JOHN W. DECK. 
 
 Was born in Madison County, Ills., May 6, 1843; ^ ias been a car 
 penter. Enlisted in Company K, Both Illinois Infantry, August 13, 1862; 
 served as a private; attached to 3d Brigade, ist Division, 4th Army Corps, 
 Army of the Cumberland; \vas in twenty-five battles; participated in Gen 
 eral Street s raid, when he was made prisoner in Georgia, but exchanged 
 after fourteen days; served in heavy artillery, guarding bridges, and on 
 pioneer duty; was honorably discharged from service at Camp Marker, 
 Tenn., June 10, 1865. Removed to California in 1875; is a member of 
 Frank Bartlett Post, No. 26, G. A. R., at Los Angeles, Cal. ; resides at 
 San Bernardino, Cal. 
 
 F. D. BICKNELL. 
 
 Was born in Chittenden County, Vt., April 20, 1842; has been a 
 farmer, teacher, and physician and surgeon, which last is his present occu 
 pation. Enlisted in Company A, 23d Wisconsin Volunteers, August 15, 
 1862, and served as a private; belonged to Burbridge s brigade, A. J. 
 Smith s division, i3th Army Corps; was in the battles at Chickasaw Bayou, 
 Arkansas Post, Cypress Bend, Greenville, Port Gibson, Champion Hills, 
 Black River Bridge, siege and capture of Vicksburg, Jackson, Miss., Car 
 rion Crow Bayou, Mansfield, Cane River, Jackson, La., siege of Spanish 
 Fort, Blakely, Ala., and numerous skirmishes and minor engagements; his 
 discharge has inscribed on the back the above number of battles certified 
 to by Henry A. Vilas, the present postmaster-general, who was captain 
 of the company, and later lieutenant-colonel of the regiment. Comrade 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 373 
 
 Bicknell was honorably discharged the service at Mobile, Ala., July 4, 
 1865; he completed his education at the State University of Wisconsin, 
 and read medicine with a prominent physician in Madison, Wis. ; attended 
 lectures at the Rush Medical College of Chicago, Ills., from which he was 
 graduated in 1870; practiced medicine in southwest Wisconsin until 1874, 
 when he came to California; is a member of Stan-ton Post, G. A. R., at 
 Los Angeles, his place of residence, and is surgeon of his post. 
 
 AARON FREDERICK. 
 
 Was born in Berks County, Pa., December 25, 1834; is a miller. 
 Enlisted in Company H, 2d Ohio Heavy Artillery, and served as a private; 
 attached to the Army of the Cumberland; regiment engaged in keeping 
 country free from rebel raiding parties; although serving as infantry and 
 frequently in line of battle was never engaged in battle; was honorably 
 discharged from service June, 1865; removed to California in 1882; is a 
 member of W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at San Bernardino, 
 Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 CHARLES GUIRRARD. 
 
 Was born in Brittany, France, in March, 1822; has been a farmer 
 and sailor, and is at present engaged in gardening. Enlisted in Company 
 I, 4th California Infantry, April 22, 1862, and served as a private, in the 
 Department of the Pacific; the regiment was engaged in Arizona and the 
 California mountains, keeping roads and communications open and pro 
 tecting the frontiers; was honorably discharged from service at Drum 
 Barracks, Cal., April 22, 1865. Before coming to America served six 
 years in the French navy in the time of Louis Philippe. Is a member of 
 W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at San Bernardino, Cal., his 
 place of residence. 
 
 CLEMENT W. KIDDER. 
 
 Was born in Yates County, N. Y. , June 24, 1838; his occupations in 
 life have been engineer and millwright, and all kinds of wood manufac 
 turing; his present business is that of real estate agent; was living at 
 Lebanon, Tenn., at the time of the breaking out of the Civil War; returned 
 to New York, his native State, and enlisted in Company I, 33d N. Y. Vol 
 unteers; served as a private and corporal; belonged to the 2d brigade, 
 Smith s division, Franklin s corps, Army of the Potomac; took part in 
 
374 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the battles of Lewinsville, Drainesville, Big Bethel, Yorktown, Williams- 
 burg, Mechanicsville, and Games Mills; was captured June 27, 1862, the 
 second day of the seven days fight, and confined some four months in 
 Libby Prison, Richmond, Va. ; released on parole in the latter part of 
 October, but after being exchanged was found unfit for duty and in conse 
 quence discharged the service on surgeon s certificate of disability at 
 Alexandria, Va., December 22, 1862; came to California six years ago 
 and is a member of Frank Bartlett Post, G. A. R., at Los Angeles, his 
 place of residence. 
 
 WILLIAM R. ROGERS. 
 
 Was born in Clinton County, Ind. , September u, 1848; a wheel 
 wright by trade. Enlisted in Company F, 26th Illinois Infantry, Febru 
 ary 15, 1864; served as a private; attached to ist Brigade, 2d Division, 
 1 5th Army Corps; participated in Sherman s campaign to Atlanta and 
 the march to the sea, being in all the battles of that campaign; was at 
 the grand review in Washington; was honorably discharged from service 
 at Louisville, Ky. , July 20, 1865. Removed to California in 1881; was 
 a charter member of Benton Post, No. 25, G. A. R., at Fowler, Benton 
 County, Ind., and resides at San Bernardino, Cal. 
 
 RANSOM E. HATHORN. 
 
 W T as born in Londonderry, Vt. , November 3, 1843; ^ s engaged in 
 manufacture and sale of harness, carriages, etc. Enlisted in Company G, 
 nth Vermont Volunteers, August n, 1862; served in fortifications at 
 Washington until spring of 1864; then joined Army of the Potomac, and 
 was in all the battles from Spottsylvania to Appomattox; was honorably 
 discharged at Washington June 24, 1865; was commander of O. O. How 
 ard Post, No. 33, G. A. R. ; is now aid-de-camp on Governor Ormsbee s 
 staff, with rank as colonel; resides in Ludlow, Vt. 
 
 JOHN TENDGE. 
 
 Was born in W T aterford, Ireland, November 3, 1824; has been a printer 
 and stereotyper; is now engaged in farming. Enlisted in Company H, ist 
 Middle Tennessee Infantry (afterwards known as loth Tennessee Infantry) 
 November 5, 1862; served as captain and lieutenant-colonel; commissions 
 date November 5, 1862, and summer of 1863; was attached to the i4th 
 Army Corps; participated in nearly all the military operations in Tennes 
 see until the close of the war; was honorably discharged from service at 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 375 
 
 Knoxville, Term., June 23, 1865; before enlistment was residing in Texas, 
 and was forced by secessionists to sacrifice property and business and flee 
 for his life on account of his loyalty to the Union. After many dangers 
 and delays joined the Union Army in Kentucky as a citizen in quarter 
 master s department and became forage master in the Army of the Ohio; 
 participated in nearly all of the military operations in Tennessee until the 
 close of the war; was Indian agent for four years; is quartermaster of 
 W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R. , at San Bernardino, Cal., his place 
 of residence. 
 
 JOHN HACKNEY. 
 
 Was born in Johnson County, Mo., September 10, 1839; has been a 
 blacksmith. Enlisted in Company C, 2d California Cavalry, September 
 25, 1861; served as company farrier; regiment employed in guarding and 
 keeping open immigrant trails, and was engaged in various skirmishes 
 with Indians, principally Modocs and Piutes; was honorably discharged 
 from service October 13, 1864. Is a member of W. R. Cornman Post, 
 No. 57, G. A. R., at San Bernardino, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 JOHN BRAIDS. 
 
 Was born in Buffalo, N. Y. , June 3, 1826; has been a carriage smith. 
 Enlisted in U. S. Navy September 16, 1862; served as landsman and first- 
 class fireman ; shipped at New York harbor, first serving on receiving ship 
 North Carolina; was detailed to Washington on gunboat Anacosta of the 
 Potomac flotilla; was then made first-class fireman, taking part in fight 
 at Port Royal, and many minor actions; did patrol duty on Potomac and 
 Rappahannock rivers and Chesapeake Bay; was honorably discharged at 
 expiration of term of service at Piney Point on the Potomac September 
 28, 1863; is ex-chaplain and present officer of the guard of Grant Post, 
 No. 9, G. A. R., Modesto, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 CHARLES MAY CAREY. 
 
 Was born in Chemung County, N. Y., June 22, 1849; nas been a 
 druggist and is now a jeweler; enlisted in Company D, iO3d New York 
 Volunteers, February, 1864; served as a drummer-boy; his regiment tak 
 ing part in the bombardment of Secessionville and expeditions to James 
 Island, also in Sheridan s campaign against Early; then transferred to the 
 Army of the James; served before Petersburg under General Ord; the 
 father and four sons of this family served in the late war; C. M. Carey 
 
376 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 was honorably discharged from service December 7, 1865; is captain of 
 Company H, ist Regiment, Delaware National Guard, receiving commis 
 sion in 1880; has been surgeon of General A. T. A. Torbert Post, No. 3, 
 G. A. R., of Dover, Del.; organized General Dan Woodall Post, No. n, 
 G. A. R. , at Wyoming, Del., his place of residence, and was its first com 
 mander, and was department commander of Delaware in 1884. 
 
 BENJAMIN F. FUNK. 
 
 Was born October 17, 1838, in Bloomington, Ills.; a farmer and stock- 
 dealer. Enlisted in May, 1862, in the 68th Illinois Infantry, and served 
 as a private; was attached to the Army of the Potomac; was honorably 
 discharged from the service at Springfield, Ills., in October, 1862. Com 
 rade Funk is a member of Post No. 146, G. A. R. , department of Illinois, 
 at Bloomington, Ills., where he resides. 
 
 FREDERICK BARTCH. 
 
 Was born in Germany, November 26, 1845 ; has been a farmer. Enlisted 
 in 1 1 6th New York Volunteers, September, 1862; was in the battles of 
 Port Hudson and Donaldsonville, being wounded in the former by a piece 
 of shell which struck him in the left leg, and again wounded in the latter 
 battle; was then transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps at New Orleans, 
 where he was honorably discharged November 29, 1864; is a member of 
 Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R., Modesto, Cal. ; resides at Grayson, Cal. 
 
 HENRY CHRISTMAN. 
 
 Was born in Herkimer County, N. Y., June 15, 1845; nas been a 
 fanner and drayman. Enlisted in Company A, 74th Illinois Infantry 
 Volunteers, September 9, 1862; served as a private; was in the battles of 
 Perry ville, Stone River, Liberty Gap, Chickamauga, Dalton, and other 
 engagements; on one occasion was shot in the shoulder; was honorably 
 discharged from service in Nashville, Tenn., June 10, 1865. Is a member 
 of Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R. , Modesto, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 ROSWELL O. P. PHILLIPS. 
 
 Was born in Nashville, Washington County, Ills., January 27, 1844; 
 has been a physician and surgeon. Enlisted i,n Company C, 6oth Illinois 
 Infantry, in 1861; served as a private; was mustered February 17, 1862, on 
 transports for Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., taking part in Halleck s cam 
 paign and siege of Corinth; then went to Nashville and served on guard 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 377 
 
 duty six months; then with Rosecrans Army, in General Granger s 
 Reserve Corps, to Chickamanga, Term. ; then with Sherman to Knoxville 
 and Chattanooga; then in I4th Army Corps with Sherman to Atlanta, 
 in February, 1864, from there to the sea; from Savannah tip through the 
 Carolinas to Fayetteville, N. C., where he was honorably discharged in 
 March, 1865. I s quartermaster of Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R., Modesto, 
 Cal. , his place of residence. 
 
 JOHN NORGROVE. 
 
 Was born in Albany, N. Y. , August i, 1841; has been a saddler; is 
 now a trunk manufacturer. Enlisted in ist New York Light Artillery 
 February i, 1864; served as private; was in the battles of the Wilderness, 
 Spottsylvania, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Bethesda Church, Petersburg, 
 Weldon Railroad, Peebel s Farm, Hatcher s Run, Five Forks, Gravelly 
 Run, and witnessed Lee s surrender at Appomattox; was honorably dis 
 charged from sendee June 19, 1865. Is a member of Thomas Post, No. 2, 
 G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 WESLEY SMITH MANN. 
 
 Was born in Hendricks County, Ind., October 28, 1845; has been a 
 farmer; enlisted in Company A, 53d Indiana Infantry, February 6, 1862; 
 served as a private; belonged to 2d Brigade, 4th Division, i7th Army 
 Corps; was in the battles of Hatchie, Vicksburg, siege of Corinth, and 
 Kenesaw Mountain, also in the Meridian campaign and several skir 
 mishes; was wounded in shoulder at Vicksburg while digging rifle-pits; 
 at Kenesaw Mountain, while in charge, was taken prisoner, with Captain 
 Wakefield and nine of the company, and spent five months in Anderson- 
 ville Prison, being paroled at Savannah, December, 1864; took part in the 
 grand review at Washington, and was honorably discharged from service 
 July 21, 1865; ^ s a member of Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R., at Modesto, 
 Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 GILBERT B. LILLIE. 
 
 Was born in Joliet, 111., January 8, 1842; has been in the furniture busi 
 ness. Enlisted in Company D, 2d New Jersey Infantry, April 26, 1861, and 
 re-enlisted in Company G, 8th Illinois Cavalry, February 4, 1864; served 
 as a private in Army of the Potomac; was with Butler at taking of Annap 
 olis, and one of the first to cross Long Bridge into Virginia when Colonel 
 Ellsworth was killed ; was in the first battle of Bull Run, Wilderness, and 
 
378 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 many raids; in a fight at Rectortown received bullet in groin which he 
 still carries; was made a prisoner, but escaped; while in the train on the 
 way to hospital was badly hurt by cars going over embankment, a rail 
 being misplaced by the rebels; also received a saber wound in forehead in 
 a cavalry engagement and suffered long illness in consequence of hurts 
 and wounds; was honorably discharged from service June 6, 1865; is a 
 member of McPherson Post, No. 51, G. A. R., at Hanford, Tulare County, 
 Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 HENRY F. GEER. 
 
 Was born in Kent, Conn., 1840; has been a farmer. Enlisted in 
 ist N. Y. Mounted Rifles August 13, 1862; served as private, corporal, 
 and sergeant; was in the battles around Petersburg, and many of the bat 
 tles towards the close of the war, also raids and skirmishes; was one of 
 ten volunteers sent from City Point, Va. , to communicate with General 
 Grant at Cold Harbor, being obliged to take a hard ride across the 
 country, dodging small bands and encampments of the enemy; was hon 
 orably discharged from service November 29, 1865; is a member of Grant 
 Post, No. 9, G. A. R., at Modesto, Cal.; resides at Turlock, Cal. 
 
 AARON GORDON. 
 
 Was born in Springfield, Clarke County, Ohio, August 25, 1830; has 
 been a bricklayer and plasterer. Enlisted in Company A, 83d Illinois Vol 
 unteers, August 25, 1862; served as a private and hospital steward; was in 
 the battles of Nashville, Pulaski, and Waverly; first service was scouting 
 in Kentucky and Tennessee one year, then served on provost diity for ten 
 months at Clarksville, scouted for two months in Georgia after Forrest 
 and Wheeler; returned to Clarksville and was detailed on duty in the post 
 bakery; was honorably discharged from service in Nashville July 25, 
 1865; is a member of Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R., Modesto, Cal., his 
 place of residence. 
 
 WILLIAM H. ARMENT. 
 
 Was born in Lancaster County, Pa., April 9, 1846; has been a painter 
 and decorator. Enlisted in Company D, 5Oth Pennsylvania Infantry, in 
 April, 1863, and in Company M, 2oth Pennsylvania Cavalry, in February, 
 1864; served as a private; belonged to 3d brigade, 3d division, Sheridan s 
 cavalry corps; was in the battles of Fisher s Hill, Cedar Creek, Five 
 Forks, Hunter s raid to Lynchburg, and other engagements; received a 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 379 
 
 bullet wound in neck at Piedmont, and a saber wound in knee at Lynch- 
 burg; was in the Dinwiddie flank march campaign, and witnessed Lee s 
 surrender at Appomattox on his nineteenth birthday; went from there to 
 the grand review at Washington, being honorably discharged at Phila 
 delphia July, 1865. Is post commander and ex-chaplain of Grant Post, 
 No. 9, G. A. R., Modesto, Cal, his place of residence. 
 
 ARZA C. BLANCHARD. 
 
 Was born in Winnebago County, Ills., December 4, 1847; nas been a 
 butcher. Enlisted in Company B, ist Nevada Infantry, May 15, 1864; 
 served as private; marched four hundred miles from Fort Churchill to Fort 
 Ruby; from there went on expedition to Battle Mountain, being in that 
 celebrated Indian battle, and many other Indian fights; scouted one sum 
 mer on the plains in Utah and Goose Creek mountains; was honorably 
 discharged from service at Fort Ruby, Nev., December 15, 1865; is a mem 
 ber of Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R. , Modesto, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 HENRY DE B. CLAY. 
 
 Was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, June 22, 1843, an< ^ graduated at Mount 
 Pleasant Military Academy at Sing Sing, N. Y.; was appointed May 14, 
 1861, a captain in the i4th U. S. Infantry, while still under eighteen years 
 of age; thus it is possible that he was the youngest captain ever commis 
 sioned by the President; he served with his regiment in the Army of the 
 Potomac; was attached to the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, of the 5th Army 
 Corps; was wounded at the battle of the Wilderness; after the war was 
 ordered to the frontier, and served in Arizona and Oregon; was transferred 
 to the 23d U. S. Infantry in 1866; in 1870 obtained leave of absence; 
 went abroad, and made an extended tour through Europe, examining into 
 the organization and discipline of the armies of Great Britain, France, 
 Germany, and Italy; was present at the surrender of Napoleon at Sedan; 
 resigned from the army November 20, 1870, and engaged in civil pursuits, 
 from which he was called to organize and as colonel to command the 
 Centennial Guard, a semi-military police of 1,200 men, at the inter 
 national exhibition held in Philadelphia in 1876; since then has been a 
 resident of Virginia, and is at present located at Newport News; in 1882 
 was appointed a member of the board of managers of the Eastern Lunatic 
 Asylum at Williamsburg, and the following year was elected its president; 
 in 1883 was appointed collector of customs at Newport News, which posi 
 tion he held until September i, 1885; is at present an insurance agent. 
 
380 . RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Comrade Clay joined Geo. Washington Post, G. A. R., of New York 
 city, in 1879; ^ s at present a member of John K. Clay Post, G. A. R., of 
 Hampton, Va., which post was named after his brother, brevet Captain 
 Clay, of the i4th U. S. Infantry, who was killed at the battle of Laurel 
 Hill in 1864; Colonel Clay was unanimously elected commander of the 
 department G. A. R. of Virginia in 1885 and again in 1886; is also a mem 
 ber of the military order of the Loyal Legion and of the 5th Corps and 
 Army of the Potomac societies. 
 
 ROBERT P. ELLIOTT. 
 
 Was born in Crawford County, Pa., November 19, 1840; has been a 
 carpenter. Enlisted in 5th Wisconsin Battery of Light Artillery, August 
 26, 1861; served as a private and sergeant; belonged to the i4th and 2oth 
 Army Corps; was in battles of Perry ville, siege of Corinth, Stone River, 
 Chickamanga, and Mission Ridge; participated in Sherman s campaign 
 to Atlanta, the march to the sea, and the engagement at Bentonville; took 
 part in the grand review at Washington, and was honorably discharged 
 from service at Madison, Wis., June 22, 1865. Is a member of Frank 
 Bartlett Post, No. 6, G. A. R., at Los Angeles, Cal. ; resides at Santa 
 Monica, Cal. 
 
 JOHN BARBERO. 
 
 Was born in Onondaga County, N. Y. , February 18, 1829; nas been 
 a farmer. Enlisted in Company F, 86th Illinois Infantry, July n, 1862, 
 the regiment formed portion of the 3d Brigade, 2d Division, i4th Army 
 Corps, Army of the Cumberland; was in the battles of Perry ville, Mis 
 sion Ridge, Lookout Mountain, Buzzard Roost, and Sherman s campaign 
 to Atlanta, taking part in the march from Atlanta to the sea, and up 
 through the Carolinas to Bentonville; was honorably discharged from serv 
 ice in July, 1865. First came to California in 1850; returned in 1874; 
 is a member of Phil Kearny Post, No. 7, G. A, R., in Toledo, Lewis 
 County, Washington Ty. ; resides at Grangeville, Tulare County, Cal. 
 
 CHARLES CHARNOCK. 
 
 Was born near Preston, England, in 1837; has been a farmer; is at 
 present in the real estate business. Enlisted in Company D, 5th Wis 
 consin Volunteers, May 10, 1861; served as private, corporal, orderly- 
 sergeant, 2d and ist lieutenant; received commissions September 3 and 
 November 18, 1864; his regiment formed part of Hancock s brigade; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 381 
 
 served in the armies of the Potomac and the James; was in the battles 
 of Williamsburg, Wilderness, Gettysburg-, and all in which those armies 
 engaged; in conjunction with two comrades captured the 5th North Caro 
 lina flag in battle of Williamsburg; served for three weeks with arm in a 
 sling; afterwards attached to the 6th Army Corps; was with Sheridan in 
 the battles in the Shenandoah Valley; was honorably discharged from 
 service January 13, 1866, in Texas. Was a member of Frank Bartlett 
 Post, No. 6, G. A. R. ; is now a member of Stanton Post, No. 55, G. A. R. , 
 at L/os Angeles, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 ISAAC PABOR. 
 
 W T as born in Smithfield, R. I., February 28, 1817; is at present a 
 physician. Volunteered at the outbreak of the war, but received no 
 appointment until May 27, 1864; served as surgeon at Hampton Hospital 
 and Fortress Monroe; was honorably discharged June 26, 1864. Removed 
 to California in 1876, and is a member of Kilpatrick Post, No. 38, G. A. R., 
 at St. Helena, Cal. , his place of residence. 
 
 WILLIAM P. WADE. 
 
 W T as born in Crawfordsville, Ind. , January 31, 1839; nas been a printer; 
 is now a lawyer, and author of law books. Enlisted in 2d Iowa Infantry 
 April, 1861; served as a private and corporal; the regiment formed part of 
 Smith s division, Army of the Tennessee; was in the battle of Fort Donel- 
 son, in the regiment which led the charge on the left; was wounded in this 
 battle by a gunshot through both thighs, and on this account honorably 
 discharged from service at Cincinnati July, 1862; is a member of Stanton 
 Post, No. 55, G. A. R. , at Los Angeles, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 GRIFFIN STICKLE. 
 
 Was born in Dutchess County, N. Y., February 6, 1843; ^ s a moulder 
 by trade; at present engaged in the fruit business; enlisted May 9, 1861, 
 in Company B of the 33d New York Infantry; re-enlisted in January, 
 1864, in Company I of the 52d Illinois Infantry; served as a corporal dur 
 ing first enlistment and as a private during the latter; served in the 6th 
 and 1 5th Army Corps; was with McClellan through the Peninsula cam 
 paign; then to Alexandria and the battles of Pope s Virginia campaign; 
 was at the battles of South Mountain and Antietam, Fredericksburg .and 
 Chancellorsville; during second enlistment served in Logan s corps in the 
 
382 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Army of the Tennessee; was injured at Pulaski, Term., at the burning 
 of the soldiers quarters; after recovery, was detailed for duty at Louis 
 ville, Ky. , until March 1865, when he rejoined his regiment and took part 
 in the battle at Goldsboro, N. C.; was with his regiment in the grand 
 march through the Carolinas and Virginia, and was present at the grand 
 review of Sherman s army in Washington; was honorably discharged in 
 June, 1865; came to California in June, 1886, and settled in Los Angeles, 
 of which place he is at present a resident. Comrade Stickle is a member 
 of Stanton Post, G. A. R. , of Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 EDWARD P. JOHNSON. 
 
 Was born in Dearborn County, Ind., February 10, 1843; ^ s a mer ~ 
 chant by occupation. Enlisted August 10, 1862, in Company K, 68th 
 Indiana Infantry and served as a private and as ad lieutenant; was attached 
 to the i4th and 4th Army Corps; was commissioned as 2d lieutenant June 
 9, 1863; was captured at Munfordville with Colonel Wilder s command; 
 being paroled and exchanged after ten days imprisonment, rejoined the 
 army at Murfreesboro ; took part in the battle of Chickamauga, after which 
 shared the fortunes of the Army of the Cumberland; was in Sherman s 
 campaign to Atlanta, and with Thomas after General Hood; at the battle 
 of Nashville acted as assistant adjutant-general on the staff of General 
 Grosvenor; was honorably discharged in July, 1865; resided in Vincennes, 
 Ind., one year, and ten years at St. Paul, Minn.; came to California in 
 1876, and has since been a resident of Los Angeles, Cal! Comrade John 
 son is a member and junior vice- commander of Stanton Post, G. A. R., 
 at his place of residence. 
 
 JOHN McCASEY. 
 
 Was born May 27, 1837, in Pennsylvania; before the war was a 
 machinist and engineer, since then a mining superintendent and manager 
 is so engaged at present. Enlisted in Pennsylvania regiments as fol 
 lows: April 18, 1861, in Company E of the 8th; August 17, 1861, in 
 Company K of the noth; and July 20, 1863, in Company B of the 4ist; 
 served with Patterson s division while in the first three months service; 
 served as a private, as captain, and as scout, commissions bearing dates of 
 April, 1861, July, 1861, and October, 1863; was successively attached to 
 Lander s and Shields divisions, and Banks and Hancock s corps; took 
 part in the battles at Falling Waters, Hancock, Md., first Winchester, 
 Port Republic, Front Royal, Gettysburg, and seventeen other engage 
 ments; was wounded four times, viz. : in the head, breast, groin, and right 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 383 
 
 shoulder; was honorably discharged at Harrisburg in 1865; was connected 
 with Hancock s corps at the time General Early burned Chambersburg; 
 went as a scout, in the disguise of a peddler, through the Cumberland 
 Valley, to ascertain if the enemy had artillery; was arrested by outposts 
 five times, but got through all right; finally arrived safely at headquarters 
 at Carlisle, Pa., bringing valuable information concerning Lee s move 
 ments. Comrade McCasey is a member of Garfield Post of San Francisco, 
 Cal., where he resides. 
 
 CHARLES F. WARREN. 
 
 Was born in Erie County, Pa., July 20, 1832; is a carpenter by trade. 
 Enlisted in September, 1861, in the 5th Wisconsin Battery of Light 
 Artillery, and served as a private and gunner; was attached to the Army of 
 the Cumberland; took part in the campaign to Island No. 10, from there 
 to Shiloh, and thence in the campaign to Corinth and to Nashville; made 
 a forced march to Louisville and took part in the battles of Perryville, 
 Stone River, Chickamauga, and many skirmishes; was honorably discharged 
 in October, 1864; came to California in 1872, since which time, has resided 
 in Ventura and Los Angeles. Comrade W T arren is a member and a past 
 junior vice-commander of Frank Bartlett Post, G. A. R., at his place 
 of residence. 
 
 L. E. MOSHER. 
 
 Was born September 26, 1849, in Chautauqua County, N. Y. ; has 
 been a railroad employe, hotel clerk, etc., and is at present general agent 
 Southern Pacific R. R. Co., at Los Angeles, Cal., where he resides. Enlisted 
 February 22, 1864, when fourteen years old, in Company B, gth Kansas 
 Cavalry, and served as a private, bugler, and corporal; was attached to 
 the yth Army Corps under General Steele in Arkansas; took part in the 
 battle at Bull Bayou, Ark. ; was continuously engaged in scouting and 
 chasing guerrillas along the Arkansas River; was honorably discharged 
 September, 19, 1865. Comrade Mosher is past commander of Rawlins 
 Post, G. A. R., of Stockton, Cal., and is at present a member of Stanton 
 Post, G. A. R., of Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 HANSE H. SMITH. 
 
 Was born April 9, 1837, in Philadelphia, Pa.; is a tobacco dealer. 
 Enlisted August 23, 1862, in Company B, i3th Pennsylvania Cavalry, 
 and served as a private, corporal, sergeant, and orderly-sergeant; was 
 attached to Gregg s second cavalry division, Army of the Potomac, and 
 Kilpatrick s cavalry in North Carolina; was in all of the battles and 
 
384 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 skirmishes in which his regiment took part; was severely wounded in the 
 leg at the battle of Malvern Hill ; was six months in the hospital before 
 he was able to rejoin his command; was honorably discharged July 14, 
 1865. Comrade Smith joined the G. A. R. in 1879; ^ s a member of Lin 
 coln Post, of Washington, D. C. , where he resides; has been junior vice- 
 commander, senior vice-commander, and commander of his post, and is 
 at present the junior vice-department commander; is also chairman of the 
 department relief committee. 
 
 NATHANIEL B. BROWN. 
 
 Was born in Sherburne, Chenango County, N. Y. ; was a mechanic, 
 is at present a merchant. Enlisted August 16, 1861, in the 56th N. Y. 
 Regiment, afterwards the 7th N. Y. Light Artillery, and served as a private; 
 on arrival in Washington was detailed as a nurse at Warren Hospital, of 
 which his wife, Mrs. Sarah D. Brown, was matron; remained on this duty 
 until October, 1862, when his health failing, was ordered to rejoin his 
 company, and was honorably discharged on account of physical disability 
 the following December. 
 
 Mrs. Brown remained at her post during the war, cheering, soothing, 
 and helping the sick and wounded, and is at present a member of Lincoln 
 Relief Corps of San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Comrade Brown is a member of George A. Thomas Post, of San 
 Francisco, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 DAVID WILLIAMS. 
 
 Was born in Wales June 12, 1830; and was a sailor. Enlisted 
 August 14, 1862, in the 22d Wisconsin Infantry, Company F; was attached 
 to the 2oth Army Corps, 2d Brigade, and 3d Division; at the battle of 
 Spring Hill twelve commissioned officers and 142 men were killed, 
 wounded, and prisoners; at Brentwood, whilst guarding a bridge, was cap 
 tured, and became an inmate of Libby Prison; after being paroled was 
 sent to Benton Barracks, at St. Louis, Mo., where he remained six weeks 
 until exchanged and ordered to the front; joined General Sherman s com 
 mand in his march to the sea; on April 19, 1864, they left Nashville with 
 over 700 men, and three months later, August 3ist, could stack only 290 
 muskets. Comrade Williams was at the battles of New Hope Church, 
 Lost Mountain, Gulp s Farm, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Chattanooga, 
 Savannah, Pulaski, Fort McAllister, Brentwood, and Resaca; during one 
 engagement received a shock from the discharge of a shell that shattered 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 385 
 
 his gun in his hands and inflicted injuries that resulted in his death; was 
 present at the grand review in Washington; was honorably discharged 
 June 12, 1865. Died March 31, 1877, at Virginia City, Nev., of ossifica 
 tion of the heart, the result of the injury previously noted, and was buried 
 with fraternal honors by Phil Kearny Post, No. 10, G. A. R., of which 
 he was an honored member. 
 
 A. G. SPELLMAN. 
 
 Was born May 19, 1833, in Ohio; has been a broom-maker and 
 farmer; is at present in the railroad business. Enlisted August 13, 1862, 
 in the 93d Illinois Infantry, and served as color-sergeant; was attached to 
 the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, and i5th Army Corps; was in the battles at 
 Jackson, Miss., Champion Hills, and the siege of Vicksburg ; was wounded 
 and captured at the battle of Mission Ridge, November 25, 1863, and 
 imprisoned at Belle Island; exchanged, and returned to duty with his 
 regiment August 12, 1864; engaged in the battle at Allatoona Pass; with 
 Sherman in the march to the sea; again wounded in action at Beaufort, 
 S. C. , February 12, 1865; was not again with his regiment; mustered out 
 at Louisville, Ky., July 6, 1865. Is a member of Farragut Post, G. A. R., 
 at Lincoln, Neb., where he resides. 
 
 ALFRED A. McLEAN. 
 
 Was born August 8, 1841, in New York city; has been a printer and 
 publisher, and in early life served in the merchant marine and rose to cap 
 tain; present occupation inventor and manufacturer of the IXL elastic 
 truss. Enlisted February 25, 1863, in the California Hundred and Battal 
 ion, which afterwards formed a part of the 2d Massachusetts Cavalry, and 
 served as a private and corporal; was attached to Sheridan s cavalry corps, 
 with the Army of the Potomac and the Shenandoah; early in his military 
 career was severely injured by his horse falling with him and crushing his 
 ankle; continued on duty with a crutch dangling from his saddle; took 
 part in the following engagements and battles: South Anna Bridge, 
 Brookeville, Ashby s Gap, Coyle s Tavern, Little River Pike, Dranesville, 
 Rectortown, Point of Rocks, Aldie, Frederick Pike, Tenalytown, Fort 
 Reno, Fort Stevens, Rockville, Poolsville, Leesburg, Snicker s Gap, 
 Nolan s Ford, Shepherdstown, White Post, Middletown, Kernstown, Cedar 
 Creek, Winchester, Berryville Pike, Charlestown, Summit Point, Hall- 
 town, Berryville, Smithfield, Opequon Creek, Knox Ford, Front Royal, 
 Snake Mountain, Surry Court-house, Mill s Ford, Waynesboro, Mount 
 Crawford, Tom s Brook, Strasburgh, Madison Court-house, Gordon ville, 
 
38(5 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 White Oak Road, South Anna, Dinwiddie Court-house, Five Forks, South- 
 side Railroad, Devil s Ford, Sailor s Creek, and Appomattox Court-house; 
 was wounded and taken prisoner August 13, 1864, by Mosby s guerrillas 
 at Berry ville, Md., but made his escape next day by shooting the picket 
 on duty at the outpost, having preserved a revolver (which he still has) in 
 his boot-leg; subsequently while carrying dispatches from headquarters at 
 Fairfax Qnirt-house to the War Department at Washington, was over 
 hauled by a mounted squad of Confederates; made his escape by the fleet- 
 ness of his horse, but was shot through the thigh; was honorably dis 
 charged June 12, 1865. Comrade McLean is a member of Lincoln Post, 
 G. A. R., of San Francisco, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 JOSEPH MORRISON. 
 
 Was born in 1840; is a lawyer by profession; is at present a sergeant 
 of police. Enlisted in the 89th New York Regiment in July, 1861, and 
 served as captain, major, and brevet colonel, commissions bearing dates 
 as follows: July, 1861, August, 1863, and May, 1864; was attached to the 
 9th, i8th, and 6th Army Corps; took part in the battles at Camden, N. C., 
 South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Suffolk, James Island, Cedar 
 Creejc, and others; was wounded in arm; while a captain, commanded his 
 regiment during the siege of Suffolk; and while a major, commanded 
 Provisional Brigade in an engagement on James Island, for which he was 
 personally complimented in general orders; was with his regiment contin 
 ually, and never on sick-list or absent when a battle was fought, during 
 the four and a half years of his service. Comrade Morrison is a member 
 of McPherson Post, G. A. R. , at Little Rock, Ark., where he resides; 
 has been aid-de-camp on the staff of the department commander. 
 
 ROBERT M. SPINNEY. 
 
 Was born June 29, 1839, in Portsmouth, N. H.; has been and still 
 is by occupation a tin-plate and sheet-iron worker. Enlisted April 19, 
 1861, in Company F of the 5th Massachusetts Militia, as a private, for 
 three months service; was present at the battle of Bull Run; was honor 
 ably discharged at Boston July 12, 1861. In August, 1862, enlisted as a 
 private in Company K of the i3th New Hampshire Regiment, in which 
 he served as sergeant, 2d lieutenant, and ist lieutenant, commissions 
 dating respectively February, 1864, and May, 1865; was present at the 
 battles of Fredericksburg, siege of Suffolk, and Providence Church; on 
 the peninsula during the advance on Richmond (under General Dix) in 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 387 
 
 1863; was promoted to 2d lieutenant of colored troops, and assigned to 
 the jth Regiment; joined regiment at Hilton Head, S. C. , and served 
 through the campaigns in Florida and South Carolina, and in the Army 
 of the Potomac before Petersburg, at Bermuda Hundred, and Deep 
 Bottom, in August, 1864; was taken prisoner at Fort Gilmer (defenses 
 of Richmond) September 29, 1864; was in Libby Prison and subsequently 
 in Salisbury and Danville; was exchanged February 22, 1865; rejoined 
 regiment at High Bridge, Va., April 13, 1865; was promoted to ist lieu 
 tenant and brevet captain for gallantry in action at Fort Gilmer, to date 
 from March 13, 1865; ordered to Texas, May 25, 1865, and was stationed 
 at Indianola, at which place was mustered out of service October 13, 
 1866. Comrade Spinney is a member of S. C. Lawrence Post, G. A. R., 
 of Medford, Mass., where he resides; joined the G. A. R. in 1868; was 
 adjutant of post in 1884 and 1885, and post commander in 1886. 
 
 TIMOTHY FELL. 
 
 Was born in 1839, in Tipperary County, Ireland; is by occupation a 
 laborer. Enlisted August 16, 1862, in the 82d Ohio Regiment; served as a 
 private; was attached to the Army of the Potomac; took part in the battles 
 at Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Mission Ridge, Buzzard s Roost, Resaca, 
 and Antietam; was injured by being kicked by a horse; was for a long 
 time on detached duty, serving as ambulance driver at the headquarters 
 of generals Howard, Hooker, Mower, and Slocum; was honorably dis 
 charged at headquarters June 10, 1865. Comrade Fell is a member of 
 Barrett Post, G. A. R., of Prescott, Arizona, where he resides. 
 
 HENRY W. CALDWELL. 
 
 Was born June 25, 1841, in West Monroe, N. Y. ; present occupation 
 physician and surgeon. Enlisted in the 8th Michigan Infantry August 7, 
 1861, and served as a non-commissioned officer; was attached to Stevens 
 brigade of the gth Army Corps; took part in the battles at Port Royal, 
 Coosaw River, Port Royal Ferry, Pocotaligo, Fort Pulaski, and Wilming 
 ton Island; was wounded in the latter engagement, a minie-ball passing 
 through his right lung; after recovery was promoted to hospital steward; 
 was on duty as such in the field at Cedar Mountain, second Bull Run, 
 South Mountain, and Antietam; was honorably discharged January 31, 
 1863, on account of ill-health; returning home, continued his studies, and 
 graduated as doctor of medicine at Buffalo Medical College February 22, 
 1866; at present is a practitioner of his profession in Pulaski, N. Y. ; was 
 
388 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 U. S. Examining Surgeon for pensions during eight years; was coroner 
 of his county for nine years. The New Berlin Gazette says: "J. G. 
 Caldwell furnished four sons for the defense of his country. Three were 
 buried in southern soil, and the fourth was shot through the lungs and 
 left for dead on the field of battle; but thanks be to a kind heavenly 
 father his body was rescued with seemingly but a spark of life left in the 
 tenement of clay, and was taken to the hospital and tenderly cared for 
 until he became convalescent; before his recovery the final battle had 
 been fought." Comrade Caldwell is a member of J. B. Butler Post, 
 G. A. R., of Pulaski, N. Y., where he resides; has been surgeon of his 
 post, and has recently been elected post commander for the third time. 
 
 LAFAYETTE BENEDICT. 
 
 Was born May 28, 1849, ^ n Orange, Ionia County, Mich.; before the 
 war was a farmer and laborer; present occupation a ship carpenter and 
 builder. Enlisted March 30, 1864, in Company C of the 2d Michigan 
 Infantry and served as a private; was attached to the 2d Brigade, 3d Divi 
 sion, 9th Army Corps; took part in the battles at Belle Plaine, Chickahom- 
 iny, Fredericksburg, Spottsylvania Court-house, Cold Harbor, Wilderness, 
 City Point, Danville Railroad, Petersburg and Appomattox; was slightly 
 wounded four times, viz.: in left leg, right elbow, breast-bone and spine; 
 was for a time sick in hospital with typhoid fever, and fora long time after 
 the war was almost totally disabled on account of sickness contracted in 
 line of duty; was honorably discharged at close of war; served as ship s 
 carpenter in the revenue marine service in 1875 and 1876. Comrade 
 Benedict is a member of Phil Kearny Post, G. A. R. , of Albina, Or., 
 where he resides; has been adjutant and quartermaster of his post, and 
 senior aid-de-camp on the department staff. 
 
 C. H. MIX. 
 
 Was born December 20, 1834, in New Haven, Conn. ; has been an Ind 
 ian agent and farmer; is at present a railroad agent. Enlisted June 13, 
 1863, in Independent Battalion of Minnesota Cavalry and served as ist 
 lieutenant and captain, assistant department inspector, and assistant adju 
 tant-general; was all through the Indian massacre in Minnesota, and 
 was one of the first to reach the agency thereafter. In the winter of 1863 
 Little Crow s band of Sioux Indians surrendered to him at Fort Garry. 
 The noted chiefs Little Six and Medicine Bottle, who were executed at 
 Fort Snelling in 1864, were taken from Pembina, Dakota Ty. , to their 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 389 
 
 place of execution by Captain Mix; was for a long time on court-martial 
 duty; was acting assistant adjutant-general on the staff of General Alex 
 ander in June, 1866, at the time of his muster out. Previous to the war 
 from 1852 to 1861 was with the Winnebago Indians at Long Prairie, 
 Minn. ; resided with them in the capacity of clerk, trader, and U. S. 
 Indian Agent. Comrade Mix is a member of Colonel Cobham Post, 
 G. A. R., of Crookston, Minn., where he resides; has been senior vice- 
 commander and commander of his post. 
 
 JOSEPH P. WELLS. 
 
 Was born July 14, 1830, in Graham Township, Jefferson County, Ind. ; 
 received a common school education. Enlisted August 30, 1862, in Com 
 pany A of the 82d India.ua Infantry, and served as a private; was attached 
 to the ist Brigade, ist Division, of the Army of the Cumberland; was 
 honorably discharged January 3, 1863. Comrade Wells is a member of 
 A. O. Bachman Post, G. A. R., of Madison, Ind., where he resides; is a 
 practicing lawyer and claim and pension agent. 
 
 GEORGE W. HAWKINS. 
 
 Was born in Plattsburg, Clinton County, N. Y., and is by trade a 
 millwright and machinist. Enlisted in Company H, ist Colorado Cav 
 alry, August 15, 1861; served as a private, corporal, and ist sergeant; was 
 commissioned 2d lieutenant April 9, 1862, and promoted to ist lieutenant 
 November 3, 1862; was in battles of Pigeon s Roost, Apache Canon, Per- 
 alto, and other actions; received bullet wound in left hand at Pigeon s 
 Roost; honorably discharged from service at Denver, Col., October 26, 
 1865. Is a member of Sedgwick Post, No. 17, G. A. R., at Santa Ana, 
 Los Angeles County, Cal. 
 
 PETER E. PALEN. 
 
 Was born December 10, 1842, in Cairo, Green County, N. Y.; had a 
 common school education; was a tanner previous to enlistment; at present 
 an attorney and counselor at law. Enlisted August 12, 1862, in Company 
 C of the I43d New York Infantry, and served as ist sergeant and 2d lieu 
 tenant and ist lieutenant of Company K, commissions bearing date of 
 October 23, 1863, and May, 1864; was brevetted captain in 1865; was first 
 attached to the defenses of Washington; served under General Keyes at 
 the siege of Suffolk; joined Meade s army in July, 1863; went west with 
 
390 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the nth Corps under General Hooker to the relief of Chattanooga; served 
 in the 2oth Army Corps to end of war; was present at the battle of Nanse- 
 inond, Va.; took part in the pursuit of Lee in July, 1863; in battle at 
 Wauhatchie, Ga., in October, 1863; at Missionary Ridge, relief of Knox- 
 ville, Tenn., Resaca, Ga., Cassville, Pumpkin Vine Creek, Kenesaw Mount 
 ain, Chattahoochie, Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta, Atlanta to 
 Savannah, Savannah to Goldsborough, Averysborough, and Bentonville; 
 was slightly wounded in left side of neck; was honorably discharged July 
 24, 1865, at Washington, D. C. Comrade Palen is a member of Ratcliff 
 Post, G. A. R., of Monticello, Sullivan County, N. Y. , where he resides; 
 has been quartermaster of his post, and is its present commander. 
 
 SOLOMON D. ARGO. 
 
 Was born July 15, 1827, m Adams County, Ohio; has been a farmer 
 and railroad employe; is at present a farmer. Enlisted September 14, 
 1 86 1, in the 4th Ohio Cavalry, and served as quartermaster and commis 
 sary-sergeant, orderly-sergeant, and ist lieutenant, commission bearing 
 date of December 9, 1864; was attached to the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, 
 M. D. M. ; took part in the engagements at Elk River, Stone River, Chicka- 
 inauga, Atlanta, Kenesaw Mountain, Jonesboro, Lovejoy Station, Nashville, 
 Selma, and many skirmishes; was shot through both shoulders. In 
 December, 1863, re-enlisted as a veteran; in December, 1864, assigned to 
 Company D, and commanded that company until the close of the war. 
 Comrade Argo is a member of Wheelersburg Post, G. A. R. , of Wheelers- 
 burg, Scioto County, Ohio, where he resides; has been sergeant-major of 
 his post, and is at present quartermaster. 
 
 THOMAS H. HENDERSON. 
 
 Was born March 26, 1843, in Washington County, Ark.; was raised 
 on a farm; is at present and has been since 1868 a minister of the C. P. 
 church. At the age of eighteen years enlisted in Missouri Home Guards; 
 took part in the battle of Wilson s Creek, August 10, 1861; soon after 
 this was discharged for disability; in September, 1861, the company was 
 mustered into the U. S. volunteer service, and after forming part of the 
 Fremont Battalion, finally became Company D, Sixth Missouri Cavalry; 
 in March, 1862, having measurably regained his health, again enlisted as 
 a private in his old company, and with it took part in much of the hard 
 service in Missouri and Arkansas; at the battle of Prairie Grove, Ark., 
 December 7, 1862, his horse was shot three times; in 1863, without his 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 391 
 
 company, he took part in the campaign and fighting that resulted in the 
 capture of .Little Rock, Ark.; in the spring of 1864 re-enlisted as a vet 
 eran; early in 1865 was commissioned and mustered as ist lieutenant, 
 and in the absence of a captain commanded the company to the end ; mus 
 tered out of service at New Orleans, La., in September, 1865; returned 
 to Missoiiri and settled in Mount Vernon, Lawrence County, and soon 
 after entered the ministry; came to Oregon and located in Salem in 1872; 
 at the close of the war was presented with a handsome sword by his admir 
 ing fellow-soldiers. Comrade Henderson is a member of Custer Post, 
 G. A. R., of McMinnville, Or., where he resides; is at present and has 
 been since February, 1886, chaplain of the department of Oregon, G. A. R. 
 
 ISAIAH H. McCORMICK. 
 
 Was born January 21, 1836, in Crawford, Wyandot County, Ohio, 
 and at the time of the breaking out of the war was engaged in teaching 
 school, which vocation he resigned and enlisted as a private in the 4oth 
 Illinois Infantry August 25, 1861, and was engaged in the battle of Shiloh, 
 Fort Donelson, Harper s Ferry, and in front of Pittsburg, where he was 
 wounded in the right hand and thigh; he was honorably discharged Sep 
 tember 18, 1864. Comrade McCormick is a member of Lieutenant Feller s 
 Post, No. 194, G. A. R., of Rays, Jackson County, Ohio, of which town 
 he is a resident. 
 
 GEORGE W. DR BORD. 
 
 Was born May 14, 1831, in Johnson County, Ind. ; was a farmer before 
 the war; is at present section foreman of the O. & C. R. R. Enlisted in 
 the ist Oregon Infantry in November, 1864, and served as a corporal of 
 Company B; took part in the battles at Camp Loine in September, 1865, 
 Rock Creek in February, 1866, Jordan Creek and Bruno Creek; was in 
 charge of a detachment from November, 1865, to July, 1867, guarding 
 the stage line in the Indian Territory, during which he endured many 
 hardships. Comrade De Bord is a member of Shiloh Post, G. A. R., of 
 Independence, Or., where he resides. 
 
 ANDREW K. McMAHON. 
 
 Was born in Ireland, March i, 1841; is at present the superintend 
 ent of Island Cemetery. Enlisted June 5, 1861, in the 2d Rhode Island 
 Infantry; was attached to the 6th Army Corps; took part in the battles at 
 first Bull Run, Yorktown, Williamsburg, Seven Pines, Malvern Hill, 
 Antietam, Fredericksburg, Marye s Heights, Salem Heights, and Cold 
 
392 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Harbor; was wounded in the head at the battle of Salem Heights; took 
 the rebel flag from Fairfax Court-house June 17, 1861, and presented it 
 to Governor Sprague of Rhode Island, who happened to be present; was 
 honorably discharged June 5, 1864. Comrade McMahon is a member of 
 Charles E. Lawton Post, G. A. R., of Newport, R. L; has been adjutant, 
 quartermaster, and post commander, senior vice-department commander, 
 and department commander; is at present a resident of Newport, R. I. 
 
 B. J. MADSON. 
 
 Was born August 14, 1840, in Norway; has been and still is by occu 
 pation a clerk. Enlisted October i, 1861, in the 1 5th Wisconsin Infantry, 
 and served as a sergeant; November 16, 1861, was commissioned as lieu 
 tenant by Governor Randall, of Wisconsin, to recruit for the I5th Regi 
 ment; joined that regiment and served through all of its campaigns, from 
 the siege of Island No. 10 to the battle of Chickamauga, including the 
 battles of Perryville, Stone River, Liberty Gap, Knob Gap, and Tulla- 
 homa; was twice captured: first at the battle of Stone River, but was 
 recaptured on the field; second at Chickamauga; during the second day was 
 made a prisoner, and with thousands of his comrades was taken to Libby 
 Prison; thence after two months to Danville, in which prison he was con 
 fined for five months before being transferred to Andersonville, where he 
 remained for seven months; during this fourteen months imprisonment he 
 suffered all of the horrors for which those prisons were notorious, and from 
 the effects of which he never will recover. Comrade Madson is a member 
 of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., of Stockton, Cal., of which place he is at 
 present a resident. 
 
 HENRY M. KEYES. 
 
 Was born November n, 1844, in New York; has been an apothecary 
 and physician, and is at present a physician and surgeon; is a graduate of 
 Harvard University of Medicine, class of 1869-70. Shipped in the U. S. 
 Navy as landsman March 14, 1862, and served as hospital steward and 
 apothecary; took part in the battles at the opening of the Mississippi 
 River and subsequent engagements to the bombardment of Vicksburg; 
 was honorably discharged as hospital steward of the first class August 16, 
 1865; was reappointed apothecary U. S. Navy September 6, 1866, and 
 discharged at his own request April 30, 1870; was assistant surgeon U. S. 
 Marine Hospital service December 4, 1877, to December 31, 1880; was 
 medical officer of the Yellow Fever Relief Expedition from St. Louis, 
 Mo. , with supplies to the sufferers by the epidemic of 1878, and served 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 393 
 
 under the orders of the Howard Association in the South during the entire 
 epidemic as visiting and attending physician; is at present practicing his 
 profession at Stapleton, Staten Island, N. Y., where he resides. Comrade 
 Keyes is a member of Robert G. Shaw Post, G. A. R. , of New Brighton, 
 Staten Island, N. Y. ; has been junior vice-commander, surgeon, assistant 
 inspector, aid-de-camp, and commander of his post. 
 
 BENJAMIN A. GRIFFITH. 
 
 Was born February i, 1844, in Niles, Berrien County, Mich., and 
 when not quite seventeen years of age enlisted as a private in the 59th 
 Illinois Infantry, and served with his regiment in all the battles under 
 General Sherman; was captured at Stone River, but succeeded in making 
 his escape the same day of his capture. Comrade Griffith is a practicing 
 physician residing at Swan Creek, Warren County, Ills., and a member 
 of D. J. Tucker Post, G. A. R., No. 407, of that town; has been senior 
 vice-commander, surgeon, and adjutant of his post. 
 
 GEORGE W. PICKS. 
 
 Was born November 6, 1846, at Pittsburg, Pa.; has been by occupa 
 tion a salesman and newspaper reporter; is at present in the advertising 
 department of the Record-Union, of Sacramento, Cal., where he resides. 
 Enlisted in September, 1864, in the 5oth Pennsylvania Veteran Regiment, 
 and served as a private; was attached to the 2d Brigade, ist Division, gth 
 Army Corps; took part in the battles at Hatcher s Run, Fort Steadman, 
 and the siege and capture of Petersburg; was honorably discharged from 
 the service in June, 1865. Comrade Ficks is a member of Fair Oaks 
 Post, G. A. R., of Sacramento, Cal., and is at present its senior vice- 
 commander; is also special aid-de-camp on the staff of the department 
 commander. 
 
 JOSEPH H. HYZER. 
 
 Was born July 6, 1842, in Hyde Park, Dutchess County, N. Y. ; has 
 been a farmer, clerk, soldier, and painter; is at present a foreman of the 
 C. & O. R. R. Enlisted in the U. S. Navy July 13, 1861, and served on a 
 supply-steamer in the Gulf of Mexico and on the Mississippi River; was 
 master-at-arms; was present at the passage of the forts below New Orleans, 
 the capture of New Orleans, and the bombardment of Vicksburg; was 
 discharged at New Orleans July 12, 1862; re-enlisted August 26, 1862, 
 in Company C of the ist Louisiana Cavalry, of which he was ist sergeant, 
 
394 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 and afterwards served with the Veteran Reserve Corps; was attached to 
 the 3d Brigade of the Cavalry Division ; took part in the Red River expe 
 dition, and was in the battles at Labadieville, Bayou Teche, Indian Vil 
 lage, Plaqnemine Bayou, siege of Port Hudson, Clinton, Donaldsonville, 
 Natchitoches, Pleasant Hill, Monetis Bluff, New Alexandria, and Wilson s 
 Farm; was sick in hospital for a long time after the Red River expedi 
 tion; was honorably discharged July 6, 1865. Comrade Hyzer is a mem 
 ber of Burnside Post, G. A. R. , of Ashland, Jackson County, Or., where 
 he resides; has been officer of the day and adjutant of his post. 
 
 JOHN BEST. 
 
 Was born Jamiary 17, 1836, in Boston, Mass. ; has been a shoe-cutter; 
 is at present in the shoe manufacturing business. Enlisted July 16, 1861, 
 in Company G of the i3th Massachusetts regiment, and served as a pri 
 vate and as corporal; was attached to the 2d Brigade, ist Army Corps, and 
 2d Brigade of the 5th Corps; took part in the battles at South Mountain, 
 2d Bull Run, Chancellorsville, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Wilderness, 
 and Antietam; was wounded in left arm at the battle of Gettysburg, and 
 in the left leg and hand at the battle of the Wilderness; was captured 
 three times: viz., at ad Bull Run, Gettysburg, and Wilderness; was hon 
 orably discharged from the service at Boston in August, 1864. Comrade 
 Best is a member of J. P. Gould Post, G. A. R., of Stoneham, Mass., 
 where he resides; has been adjutant and commander of his post and was 
 a delegate to the 2Oth national encampment; has been assessor and col 
 lector of taxes for the town in which he resides, and has been a member 
 of the Legislature from the 6th Middlesex district of the State of Massa 
 chusetts. 
 
 JOHN BAKER. 
 
 Was born January 22, 1839, in Shippensville, Pa.; is and has been 
 by occupation a miller and lumberman. Enlisted July 22, 1861, in Com 
 pany K of the nth Pennsylvania Regiment, and served as a corporal; was 
 attached to the 5th Army Corps; took part in the battles at Games Mills, 
 and Fredericksburg; the entire regiment was captured at Games Mills; 
 Corporal Baker having been wounded twice, one shot in right arm and 
 another in right leg; was confined in Libby Prison about a month before 
 being paroled; was exchanged in October and rejoined his regiment; was 
 again wounded at the battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862, gunshot 
 wounds in left leg and right hip; the latter ball has never been extracted; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 395 
 
 was in hospital at Washington and Philadelphia, until strong enough to 
 do light duty, when he was detailed for duty in the hospital until expi 
 ration of term of enlistment; was honorably discharged at Pittsburg, Pa. 
 Comrade Baker is a member of John C. Bowling Post, G. A. R., of 
 Corsica, Jefferson County, Pa., where he resides; has been quartermaster 
 and commander of his post. 
 
 FRANCIS M. SMITH. 
 
 Was born May 10, 1838, in Franklin County, State of Ohio, and 
 enlisted in Company D, 46th Ohio Infantry, October 16, 1861, and was 
 commissioned ist lieutenant March 4, 1865; was engaged in the battles 
 of Shiloh, Corinth, Vicksburg, Jackson, Chattanooga, and all the different 
 battles during the advance on Atlanta, Ga. , where he was wounded in 
 the right leg, for which he receives a pension; was honorably discharged 
 September 21, 1865, at Nashville, Tenn. Comrade Smith is engaged in 
 farming in Sioux Coimty, Neb. , and is a member of J. D. Ferguson Post, 
 G. A. R., of Nevada, Story County, Iowa; has been senior vice-com 
 mander and post adjutant. 
 
 WILLIAM J. ILIFF. 
 
 Was born in Washington County, Pa., April 29, 1833. Enlisted as 
 a private in Company I of the nth Illinois Infantry, August 14, 1861, 
 and along with his regiment was immediately sent to the front, and took 
 a prominent part in the battles of forts Henry, Donelson, and the siege 
 of Corinth; was three times wounded, one of the bullets which struck 
 his left hip has never been extracted; was once captured and taken to 
 Nashville, but recaptured after 10 days confinement; was mustered out 
 and honorably discharged November 25, 1862, at Cairo, Ills., on surgeon s 
 certificate of disability. Comrade Iliff is a member of Woodruff Post, No. 
 113, G. A. R., of Wasburn, Woodruff County, Ills., of which place he is 
 a resident. 
 
 DE JOHN B. DAVIS. 
 
 Was born at Minersville, Pa., in 1845, and received his education at 
 Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., and Jefferson Medical College, at Phila 
 delphia. On April 18, 1861, he enlisted in the i6tli Regiment Pennsyl 
 vania Volunteers and re-enlisted January i, 1862, in 96th Regiment 
 Pennsylvania Volunteers; was in the battles of West Point, Games 
 Mills, Charles City Cross-roads, Malvern Hill, 2d Bull Run, Sugar Loaf 
 
396 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Mountain, Crampton s Gap, and South Mountain. At South Mountain 
 September 14, 1862, he lost a leg near the knee; as a result he was dis 
 charged March 4, 1863, at Frederick City, Md.; notwithstanding the loss 
 of his leg he served with an independent cavalry company during the 
 rebel raid into Pennsylvania in 1864; since the war he has practiced 
 medicine and surgery, and is at present located at Shenandoah, Pa., and 
 a member of Watkin Waters Post, G. A. R. , No. 146, at that place; has 
 been post commander and medical director of department of Pennsylvania. 
 
 CHARLES N. AVERY. 
 
 Was born August 31, 1836, in Sherburne, Rutland County, Vt. ; 
 removed to Boston in 1852, where he engaged in various business occupa 
 tions until the outbreak of the war. Enlisted in April, 1861, in Company 
 M of the 3d Massachusetts Volunteers for three months; re-enlisted in May, 
 1862, in the 3d U. S. Artillery, Edwards Battery, and in April, 1864, was 
 appointed ist lieutenant and adjutant of the uyth U. S. Colored Infantry; 
 assisted in organizing three regiments of colored troops in Kentucky; was 
 attached to the gth and 25th Army Corps; took part in the battles at Big 
 Bethel, Mechanicsville, Games Mills, Malvern Hill, Turkey Bend, Charles 
 City Cross-roads, second Bull Run, Antietam, South Mountain, siege of 
 Vicksburg, and Jackson, Miss.; was injured by a fall from a horse; resigned 
 on account of ill-health at Deep Bottom, Va., December 21, 1864; has since 
 resided in Ohio, where he has been engaged in mercantile pursuits, except 
 for eight years, during four of which he held a responsible position in the 
 Cincinnati post-office, and the other four in the custom-house at the same 
 place, which position he resigned in 1885 to engage in the iron-roofing 
 business; is at present secretary and treasurer of the Sagendorph Iron 
 Roofing and Corrugating Company; was assistant adjutant-general of the 
 department of Ohio, G. A. R., in 1884. Comrade Avery is a member of 
 George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R. , of Cincinnati, Ohio, where he resides. 
 
 JOHN S. HEDGES. 
 
 Was born April 2, 1839, in Elmira, N. Y. ; was a farmer until 1861; 
 since the war a dealer in grain, lumber, and coal. Enlisted August i, 
 1861, in a company raised at Batavia, Ills., which was mustered in at 
 Chicago as Company I of the 42d Illinois Infantry, which formed the first 
 regiment of the Douglass Brigade; served as private, corporal, sergeant, 
 orderly-sergeant, ist lieutenant, and captain, commissions bearing date of 
 December 2, 1864, and September 30, 1865; was attached to the 3d 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 397 
 
 Brigade, 2d Division, 4th Army Corps, most of the time; took part in 
 the battles at Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Atlanta cam 
 paign, Franklin, Nashville, and others; was severely wounded in left leg 
 at the battle of Chickamauga; was honorably discharged from the service 
 January 10, 1866, at Springfield, Ills. First service was in Missouri in 
 General Hunter s division, and participated in the pursuit of General 
 Price; in the spring of 1862 was with General Pope on the Mississippi 
 River, and took part in the siege of Island No. 10; in April, 1862, arrived 
 at Pittsburg Landing and joined Halleck s army; in November, same 
 year, was attached to General Sheridan s division, and remained under 
 his command until that officer was sent to the Army of the Potomac in 
 the winter of 1863 and 1864; the regiment re-enlisted as veterans January i, 
 1864; after the war located at Fairfax, la.; in May, 1883, removed to 
 Shelton, Neb. , where he resides at present. Comrade Hedges is a mem 
 ber of Joe Hooker Post, G. A. R., with headquarters at his place of resi 
 dence. 
 
 FRED COCHEU. 
 
 Was born March 30, 1832, in New York city; has been a baker, 
 policeman, president of a railroad, appraiser of customs port of New York, 
 and is at present an insurance agent; was appointed on the police force 
 when twenty-one years old, and there he remained until May, 1861, when 
 he enlisted as a private in the 5th Independent Battery of New York; was 
 elected lieutenant; three brothers enlisted as privates in the 53d New 
 York Regiment; one brother was killed and another badly wounded at 
 Port Hudson; in October, 1861, was promoted to captain of Company H 
 of the 53d New York Regiment; went on the Burnside expedition; 
 was forty-one days on shipboard; returned to Annapolis, and the regi 
 ment was honorably discharged ; without returning home Captain Cocheu 
 re-enlisted in the 85th New York Regiment, and being appointed a 
 captain, joined his command at Fortress Monroe; passed through the 
 campaign with McClellan down to Harrison s Landing, when his brigade 
 was sent to Norfolk and Suffolk; remained there until January, 1863, 
 then went to Newbern, N. C., at which time was made chief of the 
 Ambulance Corps of the i8th Army Corps; served two months in that 
 capacity, when, at his own request, was ordered to join his company; a 
 few days afterwards was detailed to command a detachment in charge of 
 Roanoke Island, where he remained until July, when he resigned on 
 account of the death of his father and brother; after settling up business 
 matters he re-enlisted in the 6ist New York Regiment, and was again 
 made captain, and served under General Grant through to Petersburg; in 
 
398 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 January, 1865, was finally mustered out on account of disability; during 
 this varied service was in thirty-four engagements and battles, and was 
 three times slightly wounded. Comrade Cocheu joined Harry Lee Post, 
 G. A. R., department of New York, in 1870; was its commander for two 
 terms; was one of the organizers of Abel Smith Post, G. A. R., which 
 now numbers 260 comrades, and has $1,500 in the relief fund; has been 
 (and still is) its commander since its organization; was inspector-general, 
 department of New York, and subsequently assistant inspector under 
 another department commander; was grand marshal of the G. A. R. of 
 Kings County in 1885. 
 
 ISAAC A. THORNBURG. 
 
 Was born in Berkeley County, W. Va., August 18, 1833; at the break 
 ing out of the war was engaged in teaching school, which position he 
 resigned and enlisted October 14, 1861, in the ist Maryland Cavalry as a 
 private, and during the war was twice captured, once at Charlestown, 
 W. Va., and again during the battle of Beverly Ford, June 9, 1863, and con 
 ducted to L,ibby Prison, where he was detained until an exchange of pris 
 oners took place; was mustered out and honorably discharged at Baltimore, 
 Md., October 19, 1864, after having served as a private three full years. 
 Comrade Thornburg is at present a clerk in the quartermaster-general s 
 office, U. S. A., and a member of James A. Garfield Post, No. 7, G. A. R., 
 of Washington, D. C., of which city he is a resident. 
 
 JOHN A. MACMURPHY. 
 
 Was born in New Hampton, N. J. , and raised in Hunterdon County; 
 removed to Nebraska in 1857, but returned to New York city in 1861, 
 and enlisted in May of that year in Troop B of the ist New York Mounted 
 Rifles the first mounted troop accepted by the Government after the out 
 break of the war; was honorably discharged in 1864. The ist New York 
 Mounted Rifles were enlisted by special order from Simon Cameron, Secre 
 tary of War, issued to captain, afterwards general, Judson Kilpa trick, and 
 were called at first Kilpatrick s Rifles, and reported to General Butler at 
 Fortress Monroe; Kilpatrick was afterwards transferred to another com 
 mand. Mr. MacMurphy was in charge of orderlies at headquarters in 1861 
 and 1862, and afterwards served as scout,, for which he was enlisted until 
 discharged as above; was severely wounded in a skirmish on Black River; 
 returning to Nebraska in 1864 became a newspaper correspondent; in 1882 
 and 1883 traveled through Colorado, Utah, and Idaho, writing from time 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 399 
 
 to time for the Omaha Republican and other papers and magazines; in 
 1884 purchased the Schuyler Sun, which he sold in 1886, and bought the 
 Wahoo Independent. Mr. MacMurphy is one of the oldest and best known 
 newspaper men in Nebraska; was president of the Nebraska State Press 
 Association for three years, and secretary for a long time. Comrade 
 MacMurphy joined McConihie Post, G. A. R., of Plattsmouth, Cass 
 County, Neb., at its formation, and was its first adjutant and first elected 
 commander; afterwards was adjutant of Sheridan Post, G. A. R., at 
 Schuyler; is at present a resident of Wahoo, Neb. 
 
 JAMES D. FORRESTER. 
 
 Was born March 9, 1844, in Allegheny City, Pa.; at the breaking 
 out of the war was attending the public schools of his native city, and was 
 one of the first to respond to the call of the President for troops, and on 
 April 1 8, 1 86 1, at the age of seventeen, enlisted as a private in Company 
 F, 1 3th Pennsylvania Infantry; after the regiment was mustered out it was 
 immediately reorganized and young Forrester again enlisted as a private 
 September 4, 1864; was attached to the 6th Army Corps, and took part in 
 all the battles at the time his regiment was connected with it ; \vas severely 
 wounded in the face at the battle of Fisher s Hill, and was three months in 
 hospital. October 18, 1864, was promoted to ist lieutenant; was mustered 
 out of service at Pittsburg, Pa., July 19, 1865, as brevet captain, command 
 ing Company I, load (old i3th) Pennsylvania Veteran Volunteer Infantry. 
 Comrade Forrester is a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, No. 6, G. A. R. , 
 of Louisville, Ky. , of which city fie is a resident; has been post com 
 mander and junior vice-department commander. 
 
 FRANCIS M. GARRISON. 
 
 Was born November 6, 1838, in Cedar County, Iowa; has been a 
 teacher, fanner, and stock-raiser; is at present county assessor. Enlisted 
 June 8, 1 86 1, in the 3d Iowa. Infantry, and served as a private; was attached 
 to the ist Brigade, 4th Division, lyth Army Corps, also to the ist Brigade, 
 4th Division, of the i5th Army Corps; took part in the battles at Hager s 
 Wood, Mo., Blue Mills, Shiloh, Hatchie River, Tenn., Greenville, Miss., 
 Vicksburg, Jackson, and Atlanta; was captured at Atlanta and confined 
 in Andersonsville ; was with Sherman on his march to the sea and through 
 
400 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the Carolinas; honorably discharged July 19, 1865. Comrade Garrison 
 joined the G. A. R. , of San Qnentin, Cal., in 1881; has been post com 
 mander of Cnster Post, G. A. R., of California, and is at present adjutant 
 of Baker Post, G. A. R., of Marshfield, Coos County, Or., where he 
 resides. 
 
 KIEL HALE. 
 
 Was born in Columbianna County, Ohio, February 23, 1842. Enlisted 
 as a private May i, 1861, in Company K, ist Regiment of Iowa Infantry 
 for three months, and immediately upon being mustered out re-enlisted in 
 Company D, I2th Iowa Infantry, and was commissioned 2d lieutenant 
 September 20, 1861; on April 7, 1862, ist lieutenant, and again March 
 24, 1863, captain. Comrade Hale was engaged in the battles of Dug 
 Springs, Mo., Wilson s Creek, Mo., Fort Henry, Tenn., Fort Donelson, 
 and Shiloh, where he was captured, and remained a prisoner at Anderson- 
 ville, Madison, and Libby for over six months; while a prisoner he became 
 the victim of a chronic complaint, which caused him to resign his com 
 mission December 26, 1863. Comrade Hale is a member of Negley Post, 
 No. 35, G. A. R., of Tucson, Arizona, of which place he is a resident. 
 
 ERSKINE CARSON. 
 
 Was born April 16, 1838, at Chillicothe, Ohio; previous to the war 
 was clerk in a railroad office, which position he resigned to enlist as a pri 
 vate in the 73d Ohio Infantry, October i, 1861; was attached to McLean s 
 brigade of the nth Army Corps; took part in the second Bull Run battle 
 August 30, 1862; was shot through the left ilium, and taken prisoner on 
 the field of battle; has been a great sufferer ever since, his wound having 
 never healed; for twenty-four years has been under treatment; was honor 
 ably discharged October 30, 1862; since his discharge served three years 
 as clerk of Ross County, Ohio, and since then has been in the employ 
 of the railroad company. Comrade Carson is a member of John M. Barrere 
 Post, G. A. R., of Hillsboro, Ohio, where he resides; has been commander 
 of his post. 
 
 H. C. WARDLEIGH. 
 
 Was born October 31, 1843, ^ n Lincolnshire, Eng., came to this 
 country in 1850; has been a teacher in district and public schools; is at 
 present a dealer in musical instruments and sewing-machines. Enlisted 
 June 2, 1863, in the 2d California Cavalry, and served as a private and as 
 acting assistant surgeon; was attached to General Connor s brigade; was 
 
GRAND ARM Y OF THE REPUBLIC. 401 
 
 present and took part in the engagements at Bear River and Tongue 
 River; was honorably discharged from the service June 2, 1866; was 
 enlisted and served tinder the name of Henry W. Walker, his original 
 name, which has since been changed by act of the Legislature to Ward- 
 leigh. Comrade Wardleigh is a merchant of Ogden city, Utah; is a 
 member of John A. Dix Post, G.- A. R., of Ogden city; has been adjutant, 
 post commander, assistant adjutant-general, and department commander. 
 
 WILLIAM A. McHENRY. 
 
 Born March 6, 1841, in Almond, N. Y. ; was raised on a farm, and 
 attended the common schools. Enlisted September 18, 1861, in Company 
 L of the 8th Illinois Cavalry; re-enlisted as a veteran and served tintil 
 July 23, 1865, at which time he was honorably discharged with the rank 
 of orderly-sergeant; had been promoted to ist lieutenant, in which capac 
 ity he was acting, but was not mustered in that rank 011 account of his 
 company having been reduced below the minimum number. In civil life, 
 comrade McHenry, since the war, has been engaged in the real estate and 
 banking business, in Denison, la., where he resides; has served as mayor 
 of the city, and occupied other positions of trust and honor. Comrade 
 McHenry is a member of Root Post, G. A. R., department of Iowa, and 
 has served two years as its commander. At the last encampment he was 
 elected department commander, and the residents of his city gave him a 
 rousing reception on his return home. 
 
 ORION T. THOMAS. 
 
 Was born in Defiance County, Ohio; is a printer; commenced to learn 
 that trade when twelve years old. Enlisted July 16, 1862, in Company 
 D of the 5th Indiana Cavalry when only sixteen years of age; served 
 as bugler; was first stationed at Glasgow, Ky. , taking part in the 
 engagements in that locality; was severely wounded in left leg while 
 on picket duty; was disabled for six months; rejoined his regiment in 
 East Tennessee; being unable to walk on account of wound was detailed 
 as- camp bugler at Camp Nelson; shortly afterward was detailed to work 
 in the Government printing-office at Lexington, Kentucky; rejoined regi 
 ment in March, 1864, and took part in the Georgia campaign; was 
 captured while with General Stoneman in Georgia, July 31, 1864; was 
 in prison at Anderson ville, Macon, Savannah, and Millen; reported back 
 to the regiment in January, 1865, at Nashville, Tenn., being the 
 only one out of about thirty of his regiment who were captured in the 
 
 2 A 
 
40i RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Stoneman raid who ever returned; had a father and three brothers in the 
 army, all of whom served three years; was one of thirty-two out of the 
 original 104 who enlisted in 1862 who remained to be mustered out in 
 1865; was in railroad accident near Andersonville when a train-load of 
 prisoners was wrecked and many killed and wounded; was enrolled among 
 the thousand who were to be exchanged at the time Sherman took Atlanta, 
 but was among the unfortunate half who did not get exchanged after 
 marching eighteen miles barefooted; was in the battles of Resaca, Kene- 
 saw, Dallas, and all the battles and skirmishes in the Georgia campaign, 
 from Dalton to Atlanta; honorably discharged June 15, 1865. Comrade 
 Thomas is a member of Stanton Post, G. A. R., of Los Angeles, Cal. , 
 where he resides. 
 
 ALONZO T. PRENTISS. 
 
 Was born May 4, 1819, in Youngstown, Ohio; worked on a farm 
 when young; since 1857 nas been a carpenter; is at present a carpenter 
 and builder. Enlisted Augiist 16, 1861, in the 49th Ohio Infantry, and 
 served as ist lieutenant of Company I; was honorably discharged at Nash 
 ville, Tenn. , March 10, 1862. Comrade Prentiss is a member of Lyon 
 Post, G. A. R., of Oakland, Cal. ; is chaplain of his post, and a resident 
 of Brooklyn, Cal. 
 
 SAMUEL KINGSTON. 
 
 Was born August 21, 1844, in St. Johns, New Brunswick; has been 
 a painter and art decorator; at present has no occupation; is a pensioner. 
 Enlisted in June, 1861, in Company K of the ist Pennsylvania Rifles and 
 served as a private; was attached to the ist Brigade, ist Division, ist Army 
 Corps; took part in the battles at Drainsville, Charles City Cross-roads, 
 the seven days fight on the peninsula, second Bull Run, South Mountain, 
 Malvern Hill, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and numerous 
 skirmishes and raids; was seven times wounded and twice captured, as 
 follows: first at second Bull Run, rifle-ball in right forearm; second at 
 Malvern Hill, left upper arm and right thigh, flesh wounds by rifle-balls, 
 one of which was quite serious; third at South Mountain, was slightly 
 wounded by cartridge-box being carried away by shell ; fourth at Fredericks- 
 burg, rifle-ball in flesh of right breast below nipple, belt-plate saved life; 
 fifth at Gettysburg, twice, rifle-ball through calf of leg (quite serious) and 
 rifle-ball in hip, the latter has never been extracted, the wound has never 
 healed and he is crippled for life ; until the last wounds were received was 
 never absent during action ; was captured at Malvern Hill and sent to 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 403 
 
 Libby Prison, was exchanged in time to participate in the second Bull 
 Run battle; was again captured at South Mountain and paroled and 
 exchanged in time to take part in the battle of Fredericksburg; was 
 honorably discharged on account of wounds received in battle in Septem 
 ber, 1863; lived in Ohio until 1880, when he came to California, and has 
 since resided in San Jose; is unable to engage in any employment. Com 
 rade Kingston is a member of Dix Post, G. A. R. , of San Jose, Cal. 
 
 GEORGE W. MARTIN. 
 
 Was born September 22, 1837, in Charlotte, Vt. ; a farmer by occu 
 pation. Enlisted October 7, 1861, in the ist Massachusetts Cavalry, and 
 served as a private, sergeant, and lieutenant, commission bearing date of 
 November, 1864; \vas attached to the ist Brigade, 2d Division, Cavalry 
 Corps; was in the following engagements: Robert s Island, Antietam, 
 Stony Creek Station, Marye s Heights, Gordonsville, Kelly s Ford, Aldie 
 Hill, Gettysburg, Winchester, Culpeper Court-house, Prince Edward 
 Court-house, Wilderness, Todd s Tavern, Sampson s Cross-roads, Ash 
 land, front of Richmond, May 13, 1864, Hawes Shop, Cold Harbor, 
 Orange, and Alexandria Railroad, Charles City Cross-roads, St. Mary s 
 Church, Deep Bottom, Lee s Mills, Malvern Hill, Weldon Railroad, 
 Reams Station, August 23, and September 30, 1864, Vaughn Road, 
 South Side Railroad, Bellefield, and Petersburg, also many skirmishes; 
 was wounded, saber cut on right wrist, at Aldie Hill, Va. , and captured at 
 the same time and placed under guard of a rebel soldier; watched his 
 chance, knocked the guard down, seized his owai arms, which were lying 
 near, and ran down the hill; got a severe fall on the way, came across the 
 captain of his company, who was wounded, and, with the assistance of a 
 negro, got him to a place of safety; was honorably discharged June 5, 
 1865. Comrade Martin is a member of Appomattox Post, G. A. R., of 
 Oakland, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 H. O. THOMAS. 
 
 Was born in Wareham, Mass., June 28, 1840; his occupations in life 
 have been clerk and merchant. Enlisted in New Bedford City Guards, 
 Company L, Captain Ingraham, 3d Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer 
 Militia, Colonel Wardrop, April 16, 1861, for three months service, under 
 the first call of President Lincoln for troops to suppress the Rebellion; at 
 the expiration of term of service re-enlisted in Company D, i8th Massa 
 chusetts Infantry Volunteers, for three years; belonged to the ist Brigade, 
 
404 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 ist Division, 5th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac; participated in the 
 siege of Yorktown, the battles before Richmond, Va., Antietam, second 
 Bull Run, and at Fredericksburg; in the latter battle was shot through 
 the right arm, necessitating the removal of broken bones and causing the 
 loss of use of arm; in consequence of this permanent disability he was 
 discharged from service on surgeon s certificate in the spring of 1863; as 
 soon as recovery from wounds would permit he returned to the front as a 
 citizen, inarching and camping with his old comrades and associates, and 
 in time of battle entering the field-hospital and officiating as nurse, with 
 such ability and noticeable aptitude as to receive special praise from Sur- 
 geon-in-Chief DeWitt and Surgeon-in-Charge Thomas of the ist Division, 
 5th Corps Field Hospital, all of which service he rendered at his own 
 expense; he became known in the army as " Citizen Thomas," a sobri 
 quet bestowed upon him by his old comrades; in this manner, without 
 pay or any desire for compensation, he served until the end of the war. 
 He is a member of Fletcher Webster Post, No. 13, G. A. R., at Brockton, 
 Mass., his place of residence. 
 
 CHARLES MORRIS BLAKE. 
 
 Was born in Brewer, Me., December 24, 1819; his occupations in 
 life have been various; has been a farmer, teacher, physician, and Pres 
 byterian preacher; is at present a chaplain in the U. S. Army on the 
 retired list; entered the army as chaplain U. S. Volunteers August 13, 
 1861; was appointed hospital chaplain June 4, 1862, resigned July 21, 
 1863, for the purpose of recruiting colored troops; assisted in raising at 
 Washington city the ist and 2d U. S. Colored Infantry, and then proceed 
 ing to Philadelphia, Pa., and organized the 3d and 6th Colored Regiments, 
 was appointed senior captain and acted as colonel of the 3d Colored Regi 
 ment; went with it as part of the re-enforcements to General Gillmore in 
 the department of the South; was brigaded with the 2d South Carolina 
 Infantry colored and the 54th Massachusetts Infantry colored. The 3d 
 U. S. Colored Regiment hauled up the heavy guns for the Swamp Angel and 
 other siege batteries, and, under heavy fire constantly, aided the engineers 
 in mounting these guns, which opened fire direct upon Charleston, against 
 which the rebel general Beauregard sent a flag of truce to protest. 
 
 Captain Blake was present at the siege and capture of Fort Wagner; 
 was wounded in head by concussion of shell at Fort Wagner, August 31, 
 1863; was also with his regiment engaged at Olustee, Fla., February 20, 
 1864; honorably mustered out August n, 1864; appointed hospital chap 
 lain September 26, 1864; honorably discharged May 10, 1865. The army 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 405 
 
 register gives his military history since the war as follows: Appointed 
 from Pennsylvania chaplain in permanent establishment May 17, 1866; 
 post chaplain April 3, 1867; resigned March 17, 1869, reinstated by order 
 of President Hayes October 2, 1878; office expired by constitutional limi 
 tation March 4, 1879; reappointed by President Garfield May 20, 1881, 
 and retired on account of age December 24, 1883. 
 
 Captain Blake s first station in the Regular Army was at Camp Whip- 
 pie near Prescott, Arizona; thence ordered August 16, 1867, to Camp 
 McDowell, Arizona, where he fell sick and was completely prostrate for 
 years. It was the wound at Wagner and the exposure during the war 
 which mentally and physically affected him. During this period it was 
 claimed he resigned his commission as above stated, but the Court of 
 Claims and theU. S. Supreme Court in 1878-79 decided against the resig 
 nation. The whole case has become a cause celebre and the matter of rank 
 and pay from April 28, 1869, the date of the alleged resignation to May 
 20, 1878, that of his reappointment, is still before Congress. He is a 
 member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, No. 2, G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal., 
 which is his place of residence. 
 
 ROBERT GRIFFIN. 
 
 Was born February 26, 1834, in England; is a carpenter and builder. 
 Enlisted October 29, 1861, in the 2d Wisconsin Cavalry, and served as 
 corporal; was wounded by rifle-ball in left foot; was honorably discharged, 
 after three years service, October 29, 1864, at Milwaukee, Wis. Comrade 
 Griffin is a member of Ord Post, G. A. R., of Cottage Grove, Lane County, 
 Or., where he resides. Has been senior vice-commander of his post. 
 
 HENRY H. TODD. 
 
 Is Highland Scotch by birth; was born in a military camp August 
 23, 1838, his father being an officer in the British Army; in 1852 he was 
 appointed junior clerk to the sheriff of the county of Argyle, Scotland; 
 in 1854, at Liverpool, entered the employ of an extensive mercantile 
 house doing business in nearly all the ports of the Mediterranean and 
 Black seas; remained with them three years, and in 1857 came to New 
 York city, where he entered the service of a leading importing carpet 
 house, in which he continued until the outbreak of the war. Enlisted in 
 Company K, 2d Regiment New Jersey Volunteer Militia, April 26, 1861, 
 for three months, and served as a private; participated in the first Bull 
 Run battle; honorably discharged at Trenton, N. J., July 31, 1861, by 
 
406 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 reason of expiration of term of service. Re-enlisted in Company K, 8th 
 New Jersey Infantry Volunteers, September 13, 1861, for three years; 
 appointed sergeant on day of enlistment, promoted sergeant-major February 
 21, 1862; commissioned ist lieutenant Company D, October 15, 1862, cap 
 tain Company D, October 3, 1863; belonged to the 3d Brigade of General 
 Joe Hooker s division; took part in the siege of York town, the battles of 
 Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Seven Pines, Savage Station, Glendale, Malvern 
 Hill both battles Bristow Station, second Bull Run, Chantilly, Cen- 
 terville, Fredericksbnrg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wapping Heights, 
 McLean s Ford, Mine Run, Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court-house, Hatch 
 er s Run, Armstrong House, and Boydton Plank Road, capture of Peters 
 burg, Amelia Springs, Farmville, and present at Lee s surrender at Appo- 
 mattox. At the battle of Williamsburg, during the latter part of the engage 
 ment, assumed command of a company that had lost all of its officers, his 
 brother, Captain Win. Todd, of the company, being dangerously wounded 
 in the head and carried from the field; there was also another brother, 
 Thomas Todd, then a sergeant in the regiment; after the battle of Chan 
 tilly, there being no commissioned officers with the regiment, he virtually 
 filled the positions of commandant of the regiment, adjutant and sergeant- 
 major, individually compiling and reporting the casualities of the entire 
 regiment in its late battles; Brigadier-General Carr, of whose command it 
 then formed a part, finding the regiment commanded by an enlisted man 
 only, one of the few, if not the only instance during the war, appointed 
 an officer from another regiment to take command of it; at Chancellors 
 ville the 8th New Jersey belonged to the 3d Brigade, 2d Division, 3d 
 Army Corps, and the night after the battle the company of Lieutenant 
 Todd was on the right of the regiment, resting on the Chancellorsville 
 Plank Road; it fired on some advancing horsemen, and it was believed by 
 many who were present that it was from these shots that Stonewall Jack 
 son was mortally wounded. Captain Todd, to which position he had then 
 been promoted, with a number of his command, were taken prisoners at 
 Spottsylvania Court-house May 18, 1864, he being slightly wounded in 
 the right leg and left foot; was confined for a time in the military prison 
 at Macon, Ga.; after several ineffectual attempts to escape, Captain Todd, 
 General J. Madison Drake, of Elizabeth city, N. J., captains J. E. Lewis 
 and Alfred Grant, on October 6, 1864, while en route from Charleston 
 to Columbia, S. C., jumped from the cars, Captain Todd leading the 
 way, and, though fired at by the guards, managed to reach the swamps 
 in safety; after seventy-nine days of exposure in rain and snow, only 
 partially clad, crossing rivers and mountains, they entered the Federal 
 lines at Lexington, Ky. , December 24, 1864; and his term of service 
 having expired, he was recommissioned captain, and was honorably 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 407 
 
 discharged July 17, 1865, near Washington city. In 1 866 Comrade Todd T 
 in company with his brother, Captain Wm. Todd, engaged in wholesale 
 business in Chicago; losing heavily by the great fire, returned to New 
 York and became engaged with an extensive tobacco manufacturing house; 
 became its manager at Boston, and in 1878 was sent to San Francisco to 
 establish a branch; retired from this business in 1882, and became engaged 
 in quartz -mining near Mariposa, Cal., where he at present resides; he is 
 also fish commissioner for Mariposa County; is a member of Joe Hooker 
 Post, No. n, G. A. R., at Alameda, Cal. 
 
 JAMES H. LORD. 
 
 Was born December io ; 1832, in Taunton, Mass.; worked in a fac 
 tory and on a farm; is at present a marble-cutter. Enlisted July 15, 
 1 86 1, in Company A of the igth Massachusetts Regiment, and served as 
 a drummer; was attached to the 2d Corps under Sumner, and afterwards 
 to the 3d Brigade, 2d Division of Hancock s corps; took part in twenty- 
 eight of the forty-five battles in which his regiment was engaged, among 
 which were the battles of Ball s Bluff, Antietam, Fair Oaks, Cold Harbor, 
 2d Bull Run, the battles in front of Petersburg, Gettysburg, and the seven 
 days before Richmond. Re-enlisted in 1863 and served until honorably 
 discharged in 1865. Comrade Lord is a member of Chattanooga Post, 
 G. A. R., of Nevada City, Cal., and a resident of Grass Valley, Cal. Is 
 drummer of his post. 
 
 CHARLES TUNER PETERSON. 
 
 Was born on the Island of Bornholm, a portion of the kingdom of 
 Denmark, December 18, 1836; after he left school followed the sea for a 
 livelihood and became master of a coasting vessel, trading in the ports of 
 the Baltic; came to California in October, 1854, in the clipper ship 
 Northwester, and on receiving his discharge as one of the crew went to 
 Amador County, where he remained engaged in mining and prospect 
 ing for several years. Enlisted in Company C, 7th California Infantry, 
 October 13, 1864, and served as a private; was stationed in Arizona; mus 
 tered out at the Presidio, San Francisco, Cal., April 26, 1866; after dis 
 charge from military service returned to Amador County and was engaged 
 as a book-keeper in a general merchandise store, and subsequently as a 
 book-keeper for the superintendent of the Keystone mine; moved to San 
 Francisco in the spring of 1869, and was appointed inspector of customs 
 iinder General John F. Miller, then collector of the port of San Francisco; 
 
408 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 has been employed in the U. S. marshal s office as a bailiff and deputy 
 U. S. marshal under the following marshals: E. P. Marcellus, A. W. 
 Poole, M. M. Drew, and is now serving under J. C. Franks, the present 
 incumbent. Comrade Peterson is a member of George H. Thomas Post, 
 No. 2, G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 JOHN A. JACKSON. 
 
 Was born in the town of Hardin, Shelby County, Ohio, August 18, 
 1841, and is by occupation a detective. Enlisted in Company K, 2Oth 
 Ohio Volunteers, February 8, 1862, and served as a private; belonged to 
 the 2d Brigade, 3d Division, iyth Army Corps; was in the battle of Shiloh, 
 the engagement near Bolivar, where the rebel general Frank Armstrong, 
 with fifteen regiments marching to destroy railroad communications north 
 ward, was held in check the entire day by the 2oth Ohio, a portion of the 
 78th Ohio and two companies of the 2d Illinois Cavalry; late in the after 
 noon Companies C and K, to which comrade Jackson belonged, of the 
 2oth, were captured by a cavalry charge; was at luka, Raymond, Miss., 
 Champion Hills, the siege of Vicksburg, Jonesboro, the battles and siege 
 of Atlanta, with Sherman in his march to the sea and through the Caro- 
 linas, present at the surrender of General Jos. E. Johnston with his Confeder 
 ate forces, and at the grand review in Washington city; from thence his 
 regiment was sent to Louisville, Ky., and July 18, 1865, back to Columbus, 
 Ohio, where it was mustered out of service; he is a member of George 
 H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal., of which city he is a 
 resident. 
 
 EDWARD M. WEAVER. 
 
 Was born September 21, 1844, in Wyndham, Conn; was a farmer 
 before the war; at present is engaged in horticulture. Enlisted September 
 21, 1861, in Company D of the 8th Connecticut Infantry, and served as 
 private and corporal; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, gth 
 Army Corps, and later on to the ist Brigade, 3d Division, i8th Army 
 Corps; took part in the battles at Roanoke Island, Newbern, Fort Macon, 
 South Mountain, Antietam, Dre wry s Bluff, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Swift s 
 Creek, and Fort Hanna; was in numerous skirmishes and battles of lesser 
 note; was present for duty and participated in every action in which his 
 regiment was engaged; at Antietam was three times wounded; rifle-ball 
 entered above elbow and came out at wrist; little finger of left hand shot 
 away, and rifle-ball in back entered under shoulder-blade and came out 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 409 
 
 under right arm; at Cold Harbor was slightly wounded by piece of shell 
 in breast; was in hospital at Baltimore; returned to regiment in August, 
 1863; re-enlisted December 23, 1863, and was present for duty until finally 
 discharged December 12, 1865, after having served four years and three 
 months; came to California in 1875. Comrade Weaver is a member of 
 Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R. , at San Jose, his place of residence. 
 
 GEORGE W. MYRICK. 
 
 Was born in Troy, Me., August 8, 1840, and at the outbreak of the 
 war was following his trade of carpenter and joiner. Enlisted in Com 
 pany C, 1 3th Maine Infantry, October 22, 1861; served as private, corporal, 
 and sergeant of his company; was attached to the iQth Army Corps, and 
 participated in the battle of Pleasant Hill; was honorably discharged from 
 the service May 29, 1864. Comrade Myrick is now a resident of Wood 
 land, Cal., and a member of William H. Seward Post, No. 65, G. A. R., 
 of that place; is officer of the guard. 
 
 DAVID HENNEGIN. 
 
 Was born in Russelltown, Canada, October 17, 1838; at the outbreak 
 of the war was farming in the State of New York. Enlisted in Company 
 F, io6th New York Infantry, in the fall of 1862; was a private and regi 
 mental teamster in the 6th Army Corps, 3d Brigade, of 3d Division, Army 
 of the Potomac, and took part in the battles of the Wilderness, Cold 
 Harbor, Culpeper, Martinsburg, W. Va. , Spottsylvania and Chestnut 
 Grove; served until the close of the war; was honorably discharged in 
 July, 1865. Comrade Hennegin is a member of William H. Seward Post, 
 No. 65, G. A. R., of Woodland, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 GEORGE H. OTIS. 
 
 Was born at Potsdam, N. Y., October 10, 1837. At the outbreak of 
 the war was among the first to go into the army, enlisting as a private in 
 the 2d Wisconsin Infantry, April 26, 1861; was in the ist and 5th Corps 
 of the Army of the Potomac, and served as private, corporal, and sergeant; 
 commissioned 2d lieutenant September 2, 1861, ist lieutenant February 
 17, 1862, captain, April 4, 1862, and major, May 25, 1864; brevetted lieu 
 tenant-colonel for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Get 
 tysburg, succeeding Colonel Fairchild in command of regiment in that 
 
410 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 engagement, and brought the regiment home to be mustered out at expi 
 ration of service; was provost marshal of ist division during the battle of 
 the Wilderness under generals Cutler and Rice; took part in the battles of 
 ist Bull Run, 2d Bull Run, and all the battles of the Army of the Potomac; 
 was honorably discharged at Madison, Wis., June 24, 1864; re-enlisted and 
 served as major one year, from December, 1864, to December, 1865, in the 
 8th Regiment U. S. Veterans, General Hancock s command. Comrade Otis 
 after the war located in Iowa, and is a printer and editor. Taking great 
 interest in military affairs he reorganized the 4th Regiment Iowa State 
 Militia; was lieutenant-colonel and afterwards its colonel; is a resident of 
 McGregor, la., anda charter member of Henry Dix Post, No. 371, G. A. R., 
 of that place; has been adjutant and is at present commander of his post. 
 
 WM. B. A. CARTER. 
 
 Was born in Martin County, Ind., January 29, 1839. Enlisted in 
 Company K of the 36th Iowa Regiment August 22, 1862, and served in 
 the yth Corps, 2d Division, of the Army of the Southwest, as a private and 
 musician; took part in the engagements at Fort Pemberton, Helena, Little 
 Rock, Little Missouri, and Prairie De Am, Mark s Mills, and many 
 skirmishes; was captured at Mark s Mills and taken to Camp Ford in 
 Texas; was exchanged February 25, 1865; was honorably discharged from 
 the service August 25, 1865. Comrade Carter is a carpenter by trade, and 
 resides at Woodland, Cal. He is a member of J. K. Mansfield Post, 
 No. 75, G. A. R., of Red Bluff, Cal. 
 
 ALPHA CLARK. 
 
 Was born in Hogensburg, Franklin County, N. Y., February 18, 
 1836, and before the war was engaged in running a saw-mill; since has 
 followed farming. Enlisted in Company F, 5th Iowa Cavalry, February 
 13, 1864, an d served as a private; the regiment belonged to the command 
 of General George H. Thomas, but being on detached service was not 
 attached to any brigade or corps; it was employed chiefly in skirmishing 
 with the Confederate forces in their operations against Nashville, and on 
 advanced picket guard; comrade Clark was captured at Spring Hill, near 
 Duck River, November 29, 1864, where 200 of his regiment, with a cor 
 responding number of the i6th Illinois Infantry on picket guard, had held 
 the ford on the Shelby ville Pike for several hours against Hood s advancing 
 army; he was held a prisoner at Columbia until December i3th, when, in 
 company with about 2,000 other prisoners of war, was sent South, of which 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 411 
 
 about 350 arrived at Meridian, Miss., on the fifth day of February, 1865; 
 of the others, many died on the way, and the remainder, through illness, 
 were unable to march or be transported. On account of the roughness of 
 fare while in prison comrade Clark when released was afflicted with a com 
 plication of diseases, among others that of scurvy, and becoming partially 
 blind, from none of which has he ever entirely recovered. He states that 
 during his imprisonment he never saw a piece of flour bread, or had a hat, 
 boot, or coat to wear, and often went days without food; after his release 
 from imprisonment, bv the termination of the war, was sent to the Prairie 
 du Chien Hospital, where he was honorably discharged the service August 
 18, 1865. He was one of the charter members of Lou Morris Post, No. 47, 
 G. A. R., at Livermore, Alameda County, Cal., to which he still belongs, 
 though at present a resident of Corvallis, Benton County, Or. 
 
 FRED H. BERNARD. 
 
 Was born in Lowell, Mass., March 5, 1848, and is a brick-layer by 
 trade; was only fourteen years of age when he enlisted, July, 1864, in 
 Company C, 6th Massachusetts Infantry; served at Arlington Heights in 
 defenses of Washington until Early s forces were repulsed; the company 
 was then sent to Fort Delaware as prison guard until mustered out in 
 December, 1864; re-enlisted in February, 1865, in Company A, ist Massa 
 chusetts Cavalry, and served on Lake Champlain and the Canada frontier 
 until the close of the war; was honorably discharged from service July /, 
 1865. Comrade Bernard, since the war, has lived in Massachusetts and 
 the Hawaiian Islands, and is now a resident of San Bernardino, Cal., 
 where he follows his business of contracting and building; is a member 
 of W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., of the same place. 
 
 WM. SAMPSON. 
 
 Was born in Albany, N. Y. , September 20, 1838, and at the outbreak 
 of the war was a soldier in Company G, ist U. S. Dragoons, stationed in 
 Arizona; being discharged from the Regular Army in 1863, he went to 
 New York, and in July of the same year enlisted in Company C, 4th New 
 York Cavalry, which, a few months after, was consolidated with the 
 9th New York Cavalry; joined his company on the Rapidan in time to 
 take part in the siege and battle of Mine Run and Brandy Station, Va. 
 Served in Grant s overland campaign from the Wilderness to Petersburg; 
 with Sheridan in the Shenandoah Vallev and battle of Cedar Creek; from 
 
412 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 there went to Petersburg by the road through Lynchburg and Gordons- 
 ville, and served with the Army of the Potomac through the battle of Five 
 Forks on to the surrender of Lee, and from there to the grand review 
 at Washington; honorably discharged at Buffalo, N. Y., August, 1865. 
 Comrade Sampson since 1867 has been in various parts of California and 
 Arizona, but is now a resident of San Bernardino, Cal., and a member of 
 W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., of the same place. 
 
 PERRY PALMER. 
 
 Was born in Marion County, Ohio, November 18, 1837. Enlisted in 
 Company G, 3oth Illinois Infantry, in September, 1861; served in the 
 2d Brigade, 3d Division, i7th Army Corps, as a private, corporal, and 
 sergeant, and participated in the battles of Belmont, Fort Donelson, Vicks- 
 burg, and Atlanta; \vas all through the war, and honorably discharged 
 July 17, 1865. Comrade Palmer is a member of William H. Seward 
 Post, No. 65, G. A. R., of Woodland, Cal., where he now resides. 
 
 JOSEPH COMFORT. 
 
 A native of Catskill, N. Y.; his occupations in life have been 
 clerk and house painter; shipped in the navy as landsman, and was 
 rated as paymaster s steward on the U. S. steamer Cowslip ; served 
 in the West Gulf Squadron, and was in the naval fight at Mobile Bay; was 
 honorably discharged from the service in 1865. Comrade Comfort is fol 
 lowing his business of painting at Woodland, Cal., and is a member of 
 William H. Seward Post, No. 65, G. A. R., of that place. 
 
 JOHN B. McCHESNEY. 
 
 Was born at Lynchburg, Va. , August 12, 1848; ran away from home, 
 and at fourteen years of age enlisted as a drummer-boy, February 22, 1862, 
 in Company A, gth Iowa Infantry; was with his company at the battle of 
 Pea Ridge, Ark. ; his father, learning of his whereabouts, took him out of 
 the army, and sent him to school, where he only remained a short time, 
 for, by the aid of a friend who passed himself off as the boy s guardian, 
 young McChesney again enlisted as a drummer-boy at Chicago, in Com 
 pany D, 2d Battalion, i6th U. S. Infantry; served in the Army of the 
 Cumberland, taking part in the following battles: Stone River, Chicka- 
 mauga, September, 1863, where he was wounded in the left shoulder and 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 41 3 
 
 taken prisoner; after nine weeks confinement was taken to Selby, Term., 
 and exchanged; rejoined his regiment in January, 1864, and took part in 
 all the engagements from Chattanooga to Atlanta; was wounded in the 
 left leg at the battle of Jonesboro, Ga. , and after the battle of Marietta, 
 Ga., was promoted to sergeant; was at the battle of Lookout Mountain; 
 was honorably mustered out, August 19, 1865. Comrade McChesney 
 came to California in 1867, and follows his business of stair-builder; is a 
 resident of Los Angeles; ex-member of Frank Bartlett Post, No. 6, and 
 a charter member of Stanton Post, No. 55, G. A. R., both posts being 
 at Los Angeles. 
 
 STEPHEN CHACE WHITTUM. 
 
 Was born in Lewiston, Me., October 13, 1830; has been engaged in 
 mining and general labor. Enlisted in 8th California Infantry; was 
 attached to the Pacific .Division, and served as corporal; was honorably 
 discharged from service at Fort Point, San Francisco, October 24, 1865; 
 is a member of Win. H. Seward Post, No. 65, G. A. R., at Woodland,. 
 Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 HENRY E. SLOCUM. 
 
 Was born in Bristol County, Mass., November n, 1835, and at the 
 outbreak of the war was a farmer. Enlisted in Company G, 55th Ohio 
 Infantry, September 25, 1861 ; was in Schenck s brigade, Fremont s mount 
 ain department; took part in the engagements at Moorefield, Monterey, 
 and Franklin, and in all the hard marches during the winter of 1861 and 
 1862 in western Virginia; was honorably discharged at Camp Chase, Ohio, 
 November 20, 1862, on account of disability, the result of sickness brought 
 on during the marches of the above winter. Comrade Slocum is now a 
 resident of Clyde, Ohio, and a member of Eaton Post, No. 55, G. A. R., 
 of the same place; has served as post siirgeon and chaplain. 
 
 JOHN ALEXANDER RIGGEN. 
 
 Was born in Peoria County, Ills., October 29, 1841 ; has been a farmer; 
 is at present physician and surgeon. Enlisted in i8th Missourian Infantry 
 June 6, 1861 ; served as musician, corporal, sergeant, hospital steward, 
 sergeant-major, 2d lieutenant, ist lieutenant, and regimental quarter 
 master; was attached first to i6th and later to i7th Army Corps; was in 
 the battles of Little Hurricane, Shiloh, siege of Corinth, Hatchie, luka, 
 second battle of Corinth, and through Atlanta campaign and Sherman s 
 
414 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 inarch to the sea, and battle of Bentonville; received flesh wound in the 
 hip at Shiloh; was honorably discharged from service at St. Louis, Mo., 
 August 15, 1865; has been post commander of Ed Hamlin Post, G. A. R., 
 at Wellham, Iowa; special mustering officer and aid-de-camp to depart 
 ment commander, and aid-de-camp to Commander-in-Chief S. S. Burdett; 
 is at present post commander of Hume s Post, G. A. R., at What Cheer, 
 la., his place of residence. 
 
 J. B. PEARSON. 
 
 Was born in Quincy, Adams County, Ills. ; is a printer by trade. 
 Enlisted in 1862 in the ist Infantry of Washington Territory, and served 
 as a private and ist sergeant; was honorably discharged in 1864. Comrade 
 Pearson is a member of William H. Seward Post, G. A. R., of Woodland, 
 Cal., where he resides. 
 
 WM. P. MANNEN. 
 
 Is a native of Callaway County, Mo. ; was born May 20, 1830. 
 Enlisted in Company D, loth Missouri Cavalry, State Militia, March i, 
 1862, and shortly after was transferred to Company A, gth Kansas Cav 
 alry; was on the southwestern frontier fighting and scouting the country 
 for g-uerrillas; was honorablv discharged at Iron Mountain, Mo., Febru- 
 
 o - 
 
 ary 23, 1863, on account of disability. Comrade Maiinen has been a 
 resident of San Bernardino, Cal., since 1874; was twice elected city 
 assessor, and at present is deputy sheriff and deputy license collector; is a 
 member of W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at San Bernardino. 
 
 GEORGE W. HANSON. 
 
 Was born June 22, 1841, in New Hampshire; has been a farmer, mer 
 chant, and manufacturer, and dealer in artificial stone ; is at present engaged 
 in horticulture and the artificial stone business. Enlisted August 7, 1862, 
 in the I3th New Hampshire Infantry, and served as a private; was attached 
 to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, gth Army Corps, and took part in the bat 
 tles at Fredericksburg and Suffolk, Va.; wintered at Falmouth; in spring 
 of 1863 proceeded to Fortress Monroe; thence on expedition against Gen 
 eral Fitzhugh Lee in the vicinity of Hanover Court-house; during the 
 summer and fall of 1863 was stationed at Norfolk, and guarded and pick 
 eted the route between there and Suffolk; was constantly exposed to attacks; 
 often engaged in skirmishes, and constantly inarching and countermarch 
 ing, and enduring the hardships and privations incident to the service; last 
 battle while in the army was in the spring of 1864 near Suffolk; was 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 415 
 
 shortly afterwards transferred to the navy and assigned to duty on board 
 the U. S. steamer Minnesota at Hampton Roads; was subsequently trans 
 ferred to the Florida, and finally to the Quaker City; while on the latter 
 vessel was in the engagement at Fort Fisher, and captured five blockade 
 runners; after which cruised along the coast of Texas and Mexico until 
 the close of the war; was finally mustered out at Philadelphia, Pa., in 
 July, 1865; returned to his home in New Hampshire; went to Minnesota 
 in the spring of 1866, and remained there until 1875, when he came to 
 California and settled in San Jose. Comrade Hanson is a member of Phil 
 Sheridan Post, G. A. R., with headquarters where he resides; has been 
 quartermaster-sergeant of his post. 
 
 HENRY F. HUBBARD. 
 
 Was born May 23, 1848, in Bloomfield, Hartford County, Conn.; was 
 raised on a farm; lived in Meriden, Conn., for a number of years; is at 
 present a street-car driver. Enlisted August 29, 1864, in Company H of 
 the ist Connecticut Heavy Artillery, and served as a private; took part in 
 many artillery engagements on the James River; was attached to the bat 
 tery that fired the shell that blew up the rebel gunboat Dewey at the time 
 the fleet of rebel rams went down the river; was honorably discharged 
 September 25, 1865; in July, 1867, enlisted in the U. S. Army, served for 
 one year at Bedlows Island, N. Y., as general service recruit; was then 
 transferred to Company G of the 23d U. S. Infantry, stationed in Wash 
 ington Ty.; was honorably discharged July 20, 1870; came to California 
 in January, 1875, and since 1876 has been a street-car driver in San 
 Francisco. Comrade Hubbard is amember of Lincoln Post, No. i, G. A. R., 
 department of California. 
 
 SAMUEL B. MANN. 
 
 Was born April 20, 1844, in Mount Pleasant, la. Was a farmer 
 before the war, and is and has been a teacher since the war; left the hirh 
 
 o 
 
 school to enter the service. Enlisted December 7, 1861, in the 4th Iowa 
 Cavalry, and served as a private; was commissioned ist lieutenant January 
 4, 1865; was attached to the i5th and i7th Army Corps; took part in the 
 battles at Jackson, Champion Hills, Black River, Vicksburg, Canton, Red 
 River expedition, and the siege of Blakely; was wounded in side and in 
 head, and captured near Helena, Ark., and again near Alexandria, La.; 
 was honorably discharged January 4, 1866; was orderly for General Grant 
 at Vicksburg; while scouting in Yazoo Valley, after the surrender, was 
 accidently wounded on the head by a comrade; went on a raid to Memphis 
 
416 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 from Vicksburg by land and returned by steamer; went with Sherman to 
 Meridian; re-enlisted as a veteran; was detailed to go np Red River with 
 Banks to recruit negroes for regiments at Vicksburg; was captured thirty 
 miles below Alexandria on board the La Cross, a steamer in the cotton 
 trade, but not until after a midnight fight of an hour and a quarter; 
 deceived Lieutenant Lewis of the 2d Louisiana Cavalry who captured him, 
 by telling him there was a recent agreement between the two armies, by 
 which all prisoners were to be paroled on the field of battle, hence he and 
 thirteen others were paroled and returned to Vicksburg; for services as 
 scout, on the recommendation of General McPherson, was promoted to 
 ist lieutenant in the 48th U. S. Colored Infantry, after having passed 
 a satisfactory examination; went with the colored troops and did his last 
 fighting in the charge on Fort Blakely. Comrade Mann is a member of 
 Patrick Collins Post, G. A. R., of Boise City, Idaho, where he resides; 
 has been chaplain of his post. 
 
 CHARLES ASA CLARK. 
 
 Was born in Hocking County, Ohio, February 22, 1850; at the out 
 break of the war was a school -boy ; ran away from home, and in Septem 
 ber, 1863, when only thirteen years old, enlisted in Company I of the 
 i4th Kansas Cavalry and served as a private; was attached to the 2d 
 Division of the yth Army Corps; took part in many hard fought battles 
 during the campaign to Shreveport, La. , and in the chase after General 
 Price in Missouri; was honorably discharged in July, 1865; came to Cali 
 fornia in 1883, and has since resided in Los Angeles; is a member of 
 Frank Bartlett Post, G. A. R., of Los Angeles. 
 
 BENNETT DEPENBROCK. 
 
 Was born April 17, 1839, in Germany; has been a boot and shoe 
 maker; is at present engaged in the insurance business. Enlisted April 
 17, 1861, in the 8th Indiana Cavalry, and later in the 2d Indiana Cavalry; 
 served as private, chief bugler, 2d lieutenant, ist lieutenant, and captain 
 of Company C in the second enlistment, commissions bearing dates of 
 June 30, 1863, and November 17, 1864; was attached to the Army of the 
 Cumberland; took part in the battles of Rich Mountain, Shiloh, and all 
 the minor engagements with General Nelson; during Buell s retreat, was 
 in the advance for twenty-one days from McMinville, Tenn., to Elizabeth- 
 town, Ky.; took part in the battle at Perryville, Ky., and the cavalry 
 engagements of the Army of the Cumberland; at the battle of Galitan 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 417 
 
 made his escape at the same time the 2d Indiana Cavalry got away; the 
 rest of the command surrendered; at Stone River saved Colonel Minty 
 from capture by providing him with a horse; was at Chickamauga and in 
 all the cavalry fights leading up to it; during the Atlanta campaign took 
 eleven officers prisoners with a detail of five men w r liile on patrol duty; 
 while in command as 2d lieutenant, July 30, 1864, and on a raid to take 
 Macon, Ga., and Andersonville Prison, was himself taken prisoner; was 
 exchanged September 3oth the same year; his regiment having been dis 
 banded, took command of some recruits; was in the fight at Hopkinsville 
 and followed the enemy to Elizabethtown; from there went to Waterloo, 
 Ala. ; in all, took part in thirty-seven battles, skirmishes, etc. Comrade 
 Depenbrock is a member of J. E. Chandler Post, G. A. R., of Salem, 111., 
 where he resides; has been commander and chaplain of his post. 
 
 HENRY T. SNYDER. 
 
 Was born in Rogersville, Ohio, August 2, 1845; ^ as been engaged 
 in railroading; is at present a dry goods merchant. Enlisted in Company 
 D, 4th Iowa Infantry, July 6, 1861; served as private, corporal, and ser 
 geant; received honorary commission as lieutenant when discharged; was 
 attached to the i5th Army Corps, and was in the battles of Pea Ridge, 
 Yazoo River, Arkansas Post, siege of Vicksburg, Lookout Mountain, Mis 
 sion Ridge; participated in Sherman s march to the sea, and the grand 
 review at Washington; had his legs injured in a wreck on the Baltimore & 
 Ohio Railroad on the way home; was honorably discharged from sen- ice 
 at Louisville, Ky., August i, 1865; is senior vice-commander in G. A. R., 
 and is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., No. 42, at Ogden, 
 Utah, his place of residence. 
 
 WILLIAM TECUMSEH SHERMAN. 
 
 Was born in the town of Lancaster, Ohio, February 8, 1820. His 
 father, who had been prominent as a lawyer and had attained at an early 
 age the position of judge of the Supreme Court of the State, dying sud 
 denly of cholera in 1829, ^ e ^ a l ar g e family unprovided for. Hon. Thomas 
 Ewing, the distinguished Ohio statesman and lawyer, adopted the future 
 general, brought him up in his own family, gave him a good academic 
 education and being at the time a member of Congress, with the power of 
 such appointment, sent him as a cadet to the military academy at West 
 Point. When young Sherman entered in June, 1836, he was sixteen years 
 and four months old. He took high rank in his class, a portion of the 
 
 2 B 
 
41 K RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 time standing in the star numbers the designation of the first five of 
 each class. He was sixth in number on graduating in June, 1840; com 
 missioned 2d lieutenant, 3d U. S. Artillery, July i, 1840; promoted to ist 
 lieutenant November 30, 1841; served in Florida until March, 1842, and 
 participated in several expeditions against the Seminole Indians; was on 
 duty at Fort Morgan, Mobile Bay, Fort Moultrie, Charleston harbor, and 
 when the Mexican War broke out on recruiting service at Pittsburg, 
 Pa. ; applied for active service, but was sent with a company of artillery, 
 commanded by Captain C. O. Tompkins, around Cape Horn to California, 
 arriving at Monterey in the spring of 1847; was acting assistant adjutant- 
 general to General Stephen W. Kearny, while the latter commanded the 
 Department of California, and afterwards aid-de-camp to General Persifor 
 F. Smith; brevetted captain, May 30, 1848, "for meritorious services in 
 California during the war with Mexico;" appointed captain commissary 
 subsistence department September 27, 1850; resigned September 6, 1853, 
 and engaged in the banking business in San Francisco until 1857; 
 appointed by the governor, Major-General of the California State Militia, 
 which he resigned in 1 856 ; for two years practiced law at Leavenworth, Kas. ; 
 in 1859 became superintendent of the Louisiana Military Academy, which 
 position he retained until January 18, 1861, when, foreseeing the intention 
 of Louisiana to withdraw from the Federal Union, he notified the governor 
 that he would not remain, saying in his letter of resignation, For on no 
 earthly account will I do any act or think any thought hostile to or in 
 defiance of the old Government of the United States. Captain Sherman 
 at once returned to St. Louis, became interested in street railroad matters 
 and was made president of one of the lines. About the time of the inau 
 guration of President Lincoln he went to Washington and endeavored to 
 impress his views of the situation upon the President and members of 
 his Cabinet, but unsuccessfully. The terrible Civil War which ensued 
 was not at that time foreseen by those in authority. The secession move 
 ment it was asserted would be ended in ninety days. When the call for 
 75,000 volunteers for three months was issued, Sherman denounced it as 
 unwise. He said : " You might as well attempt to put out the flames of a 
 burning house with a squirt-gun; you are sleeping on a volcano; you 
 want to organize the whole military power of the North for a desperate 
 struggle. 
 
 He applied for the position of chief clerk of the War Department, 
 but failed, as he did also when he sought the quartermaster-generalship 
 made vacant by the resignation of Jos. E. Johnston to accept a general s 
 commission in the Confederate service. President Lincoln, on the addi 
 tion of eleven regiments to the Regular Army, appointed Sherman colonel 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 419 
 
 of one of them the i3th Infantry May 14, 1861. He commanded a bri 
 gade at the first battle of Bull Run; his excellent conduct on this occasion 
 attracted attention, and, at the request of the Ohio congressional delega 
 tion, he was made brigadier-general of volunteers, his commission, though 
 issued in August, was, like many others, dated back to May 17, 1861. At 
 the request of General Robert Anderson, commanding the Department of 
 Kentucky, was sent to serve under him, and on the retirement of that 
 officer, on account of ill-health, rose by seniority to the control of the 
 department; was relieved from command, in consequence of a disagreement 
 with the Secretary of War as to the number of troops required in. Ken 
 tucky, and sent to Benton Barracks to instruct recruits. When the expe 
 dition up the Tennessee was organized Sherman was assigned to the 
 command of a division in it; was on the front line at the battle of Shiloh 
 and received the first attack of the enemy; was slightly wounded in the 
 hand and had three horses shot under him. General Halleck, then the 
 senior officer in the West, reported to the Government that "General 
 Sherman saved the fortunes of the day on the 6th (April, 1862), and con 
 tributed largely to the glorious victory of the yth." He accordingly 
 recommended his promotion to major-general of volunteers, and he was 
 thus commissioned May i, 1862. Served under General Grant in all of his 
 subsequent operations in the Mississippi Valley and Tennessee until that 
 general, by virtue of his promotion to lieutenant-general and commander- 
 in -chief, took personal charge of the movements of the Army of the 
 Potomac in the Virginia campaign. Succeeded General Grant in the 
 command in the West; appointed brigadier-general in the Regular Army 
 July 4, 1863. The thanks of Congress and of the people of the United 
 States were tendered to Major-General W. T. Sherman and the officers and 
 soldiers of the Army of the Tennessee, by joint resolution, approved Feb 
 ruary 19, 1864, for their gallant and arduous service in marching to the 
 relief of the Army of the Cumberland, and for their gallantry and hero 
 ism in the battle of Chattanooga, which contributed in a great degree to 
 that glorious victory. Appointed major-general U. S. Army August 12, 
 
 1864, "for gallant and distinguished services as commander of the 
 Mississippi division in the conduct of the campaign in Georgia." The 
 thanks of the people and the Congress of the United States were 
 again tendered to Major-General W. T. Sherman and the officers 
 and soldiers of his command, by joint resolution, approved January 10, 
 
 1865, for their gallantry and good conduct in their late campaign from 
 Chattanooga to Atlanta and the triumphal march thence through Georgia 
 to Savannah, terminating in the capture and occupation of that city. 
 
 On the creation by Congress of the office of general as an apprecia 
 tion of the distinguished services of Lieutenant-General Grant, and his 
 
420 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 being commissioned as such, Major-General Sherman was promoted to the 
 vacancy, becoming lieutenant-general July 25, 1866, and general March 
 4, 1869, the day General Grant became President of the United States. 
 Retired on account of age February 8, 1884; is a member of Ransom 
 Post, No. 131, G. A. R. , at St. Louis, Mo., his place of residence; is also 
 a member of the Loyal Legion, commandery of Missouri, and was a dele 
 gate to the aoth national encampment which met at San Francisco, Cal., 
 in August, 1886. 
 
 JOHN J. PEARD. 
 
 Was born September 15, 1843, in Genesee County, N. Y. ; has been 
 a farmer; is at present engaged in horticulture. Enlisted in the fall of 
 1862 in the 22d New York Independent Battery; was subsequently trans 
 ferred to the 9th New York Heavy Artillery; served as private, corporal, 
 sergeant, and 2d lieutenant; commission issued in August, 1865; was 
 attached to the 2d Brigade, 3d Division, 6th Army Corps; took part in 
 the battles at North Anna, Cold Harbor, Bermuda Hundred, Petersburg, 
 Weldon Railroad, and Monocacy; was honorably discharged in November, 
 1865; during earlier part of service and until May, 1864, was stationed in 
 the defenses of Washington; after North Anna was continuously in the 
 field, participating in many minor engagements and skirmishes, and gen 
 erally enduring all the hardships and privations of the soldier in the field; 
 was finally promoted for meritorious services; was never sick or absent 
 from duty; participated in the pursuit of Lee s army, and harassed and 
 engaged them up to the surrender of Appomattox; had a brother in the 
 army who was captured and finally died in Libby Prison; after the war 
 lived on a farm until 1873; came to California, and has been engaged in 
 farming and horticulture since then. Comrade Peard is a member of Phil 
 Sheridan Post, G. A. .R., with headquarters at his place of residence; has 
 been officer of the guard, officer of the day, junior vice-commander, senior 
 vice-commander, and commander of his post. 
 
 FRANCIS LK CHEVALLIER. 
 
 Was born in Philadelphia, Pa., June 26, 1840; has been a sailor, 
 both in merchant service and U. S. Navy; is at present a teamster. 
 Entered the U. S. Navy July 7, 1861 ; attached to Washington Navy Yard, 
 Fort Ellsworth, and Mississippi squadron on gunboats fcssex, Pittsburg, 
 and Indianola; served as seaman and petty officer, and was appointed act 
 ing master s mate June 20, 1863; was attached to the U. S. Steamer Mari 
 gold June 27, 1863; was in battles of Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 421 
 
 Columbus, Fort Pillow, Island No. 10, Memphis, Fort Charles, and other 
 engagements; was wounded at Fort Pillow, and captured at the battle 
 between the Indianola and the Queen of the West off Grand Gulf January 
 24, 1863; was taken to Vicksburg jail, thence to Jackson, Miss., where he 
 was kept fifty- two days, thence to Libby Prison and Thunder Castle; was 
 finally paroled in June, 1863; honorably discharged from service at Key 
 West, Fla., July 7, 1864; shortly afterward joined the U. S. transport 
 Alliance at Philadelphia as first officer, and carried troops to Fortress 
 Monroe. First shipped in the U. S. Navy in March, 1858, and was in the 
 naval engagement off Green Island in 1859, when two Spanish prizes were 
 taken; has been officer of guard, officer of the day, senior vice-commander 
 and junior vice-commander of his post, and is at present a member of 
 Lincoln Post, No. i, G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal., his place of 
 residence. 
 
 R. H. WARFIELD. 
 
 Was born in Rushville, Yates County, N. Y., June 15, 1843; with 
 his parents, when he was eleven years of age, lie removed to Rochester, 
 N. Y., where he entered one of the public schools; passed through all 
 the grades, graduating from the high school, winning the first of the three 
 prize scholarships and delivering the valedictory in Latin; immediately 
 entered the University of Rochester, from which he was graduated with 
 honors, receiving the degree of bachelor of arts; his first military experi 
 ence was with the Rochester Battery, attached to the 25th Brigade of the 
 National Guard of the State of New York, during the draft riots in Albany, 
 Troy, and New York city in July, 1863; enlisted as a private in Com 
 pany L, 5oth Regiment, New York Volunteer Engineers, in December, 
 1863; this was one of the veteran regiments, it having been with the 
 Army of the Potomac since 1861; in March, 1864, he was commissioned 
 a 2d lieutenant, and December of the same year was promoted to ist lieu 
 tenant; participated with his regiment in the battles of the Wilderness, 
 Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, etc., down to the 
 surrender of Lee at Appomattox; when mustered out of the service at 
 the termination of the war, on his return home with the regiment, he 
 was unanimously tendered the captaincy of Company K, 54th Regiment, 
 National Guard of the State of New York, which commission he accepted, 
 remaining with the company until leaving Rochester for California. Com 
 rade Warfield was a charter member of Post No. i, G. A. R., Department of 
 New York, and is probably the oldest member of the California comrades; 
 is also a companion of the California commandery, Military Order Loyal 
 Legion of the United States, and a member of the Society of the Army 
 
422 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 of the Potomac. Captain Warfield is a resident of Healdsburg, Sonoma 
 County, Cal. ; he is, and has been since 1877, the cashier of the Farmers and 
 Mechanics Bank, and is a member of Rod Matheson Post, No. 16, G. A. R., 
 at that place. He was junior vice-commander of the department of Cali 
 fornia, G. A. R. ,in 1882, senior vice-commander in 1883, and department 
 commander in 1885; this latter year saw the largest increase in the depart 
 ment, both in new posts and membership, that it ever had, and to the 
 untiring labors of the department commander was principally due the 
 good feeling and enthusiasm that were continually kept up. While holding 
 this position comrade Warfield attended the nineteenth national encamp 
 ment, which met at Portland, Me., in June, 1885, and with his delegation 
 secured the passage of the resolution making San Francisco, Cal., the 
 place of holding, in August, 1886, the twentieth national encampment. 
 
 MANASSES MONROE FLORY. 
 
 Was born in Rockingham County, Va., April 9, 1834, and is a car 
 penter and builder; moved to Iowa, and was employed at his trade at the 
 outbreak of the War of the Rebellion. Enlisted in Company F, 5th Iowa 
 Volunteer Infantry, July 3, 1861 ; served as a private and sergeant; belonged 
 to the Army of the Tennessee; was in the battles of luka, second Corinth, 
 and other engagements; taken prisoner at Holly Springs, Miss., while in 
 convalescent hospital, but released next day by retreat of enemy; appointed 
 chief clerk in Webster Hospital, Memphis, Tenn., in April, 1864; honor 
 ably discharged July 3, 1864, by reason of expiration of term of service. 
 Came to California in 1875. Comrade Flory joined Win. H. Long Post, 
 G. A. R., at San Bernardino, Cal., his place of residence, now known as 
 W. R. Cornman Post, the name being changed in consequence of the 
 decision of the national encampment that a post cannot be named after any 
 one living. 
 
 GEORGE F. QUINN. 
 
 Was born June 22, 1832; is a painter by trade; since the war has 
 been in Government employ as watchman at the Mare Island Navy Yard, 
 where he resides at present. Enlisted August 27, 1862, in Company A 
 of the 1 55th New York Battalion, at Buffalo; was at once appointed ist 
 sergeant of his company, and shortly afterward sergeaut-major; served as 
 color-sergeant of the same regiment; was afterward ist sergeant of Company 
 I; was commissioned 2d lieutenant of Company K, April 13, 1864, and 
 ist lieutenant November 23d of the same year; was attached to the 2d 
 Brigade, 2d Division, 2d Army Corps; took part in the engagements at 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 423 
 
 Deserted House, siege of Suffolk, Edenton Road, Franklin, Spottsylvania 
 Court-house, North Anna, Tolopotomy, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, Deep 
 Bottom, and Reams Station; in the latter engagement was shot in the right 
 arm, and so severely wounded as to render amputation necessary; was pre 
 viously wounded in the left hip; was honorably discharged March 6, 1865, 
 on account of disability, the result of wounds received as above stated. 
 Comrade Quinn is a member of Farragut Post, G. A. R., of Vallejo, Cal. 
 
 HARRISON H. GUTHRIE. 
 
 Was born in Brandonville, Preston County, Va., April 17, 1863, and 
 is a physician and surgeon; was a medical student at the outbreak of the 
 war. Enlisted in Company C, 67th Illinois Volunteer Infantry, June 2, 
 1862; served as a private; was unattached to any corps or brigade; ordered 
 after enlistment at Rockford, Ills., to Camp Douglas, near Chicago, where 
 the regiment was detailed as prison guard during its term of service; was 
 detailed as clerk in the office of the post surgeon; honorably discharged 
 September 27, 1862; continued his medical studies at Rush Medical Col 
 lege, Chicago, graduating in 1863; appointed hospital steward in the City 
 General Hospital of Chicago, then tised by the Government as a military 
 hospital; served in this capacity six months; then moved to St. Charles, 
 Minn., where he was engaged in the practice of his profession until 1881, 
 when he removed to San Bernardino, Cal. , where he at present resides and 
 practices. Comrade Guthrie was a charter member and an ex-post com 
 mander of the late G. A. R. post at St. Charles, Minn., serving two terms 
 as commander and one as post surgeon; is a member of W. R. Cornman 
 Post, at San Bernardino, Cal. 
 
 E. A. LUDWICK. 
 
 Was born April 8, 1836, in Pittsbtirg, Pa., and is a minister; is at 
 present a chaplain to seamen. Enlisted August 29, 1862, in ii2th New 
 York Infantry; was commissioned captain October 27, 1862, major, August 
 13, 1863, lieutenant-colonel, December 20, 1864, and colonel, January 31, 
 1865; was breve tted lieutenant-colonel March 13, 1865; took part in the 
 battles of Deserted House, Black Water River, Cassville, Hanover Junc 
 tion, Fort Wagner, Bermuda Hundred, Drewry s Bluff, Cold Harbor, Peters 
 burg, and New Market Heights; lost his arm in the latter engagement; 
 was a major, but in command at the time; was brevetted lieutenant-colonel 
 for gallant services on that occasion; after recovery from wound, returned 
 to his regiment and served as lieutenant-colonel and finally as colonel. 
 
424 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Brought his regiment home, and was mustered out of service June 13, 1865. 
 Served two years as pastor of the First M. E. Church, of Dunkirk, N. Y.; 
 in 1867 was appointed aid-de-camp on the staff of Governor Fen ton of 
 New York, and had charge of the New York Home for Disabled Soldiers; 
 afterwards had command of the National Soldiers Home at Augusta, Me., 
 and was for three years chaplain of the Soldiers Home at Milwaukee, 
 Wis.; subsequently made a tour around the world, arriving in San Francisco 
 in 1875; and for the last seven years has been chaplain to seamen, under 
 the auspices of the Ladies Seaman s Friend Society of San Francisco, 
 Cal. Comrade Ludwick is a member of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., 
 at his place of residence; has been chaplain of his post. 
 
 CHARLES A. KIRKPATRICK. 
 
 Was born in Pike County, Mo., and is a physician and surgeon; was 
 commissioned assistant surgeon, 3d California Infantry, October 15, 1861, 
 and mustered out by reason of expiration of term of service, November i, 
 1864; appointed surgeon 8th California Infantry February i, 1865, and mus 
 tered out with regiment in October of same year; was present at the action 
 of Hasch s Run; during most of his army service was on duty in the mili 
 tary department of California. Dr. Kirkpatrick is a member of George 
 H. Thomas Post, G. A. R. , in San Francisco, Cal.. where he resides, and 
 is engaged in the practice of his profession. 
 
 ALONZO S. DAVIDSON. 
 
 Was born in Stow, Middlesex County, Mass., February 19, 1841; has 
 been a merchant and farmer; is at present proprietor of the Clinton Ranche 
 House at San Bernardino, Cal. ; was engaged in mercantile business in 
 Clinton, Worcester County, Mass., at the commencement of the w r ar. 
 Enlisted in Company G, 36th Massachusetts Infantry Volunteers, August 2, 
 1862; served as a private, sergeant, and sergeant-major; commissioned 2d 
 lieutenant August 2, 1863, ist lieutenant, April 24, 1864, and captain, June 
 23, 1864; belonged to the ist Brigade, 2d Division, gth Army Corps; took 
 part in the battles of Fredericksburg, Va., Blue Spring, Campbell s Sta 
 tion, siege of Knoxville, Tenn., siege of Vicksburg, Jackson, Miss., The 
 Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, siege of Petersburg, Weldon Rail 
 road, and Appomattox; was in the grand review of the Army of the Potomac 
 at Washington city; honorably discharged from service June 8, 1865; 
 wounded at The Wilderness by a bullet in left hand, and at Cold Harbor 
 in left leg, but remained on duty until close of action in both instances. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 425 
 
 Returned to mercantile business at Clinton, Mass. , where he remained until 
 1880, when he removed to San Bernardino, Cal. ; was a member of the 
 Board of Selectmen at Clinton, Mass., and served a term as assessor. 
 Comrade Davidson was a charter member of E. D. Baker Post, No. 64, 
 G. A. R., at Clinton, department of Massachusetts, and, the first two years 
 of its organization, post commander; is a member of W. R. Cornman Post 
 at San Bernardino. 
 
 CYRUS C. CASE. 
 
 Was born in Monmouth, Kennebec County, Me., November 14, 1846; 
 his occupations have been bank clerk, farmer, and at present merchant. 
 Enlisted in August, 1861, being then but fourteen years of age; was at 
 first rejected by mustering officer, but soon after passed by the examining 
 surgeon, and mustered into Company F, 8th Maine Infantry Volunteers; 
 joined the regiment at Port Royal, S. C.; was on duty in the Department 
 of the South until 1864, and was then transferred to the Army of the 
 James; served as a private and sergeant-major; belonged to the loth Army 
 Corps, the i8th Corps, and finally to the ist Brigade, ist Division, 24th 
 Army Corps; was in the battles of Hilton Head, S. C., Fort Pulaski, Ga. , 
 Pocotaligo, S. C. , Jacksonville, Fla., Bermuda Hundred, Va., Swift Creek, 
 and Fort Darling, on Drewry s Bluff; at the last-named battle, May 16, 
 1864, was severely wounded through the lower jaw, and in the neck, by 
 a minie-ball; was thought, at first examination, to be mortally wounded; 
 after partially regaining his strength joined the Veteran Reserve Corps, 
 and was mustered out in November, 1865. Is a member of Stanton Post; 
 G. A. R., at Los Angeles, Cal., where he resides, and is engaged in busi 
 ness. 
 
 A. W. McCORMICK. 
 
 Was born February 3, 1830, in Waynesburg, Pa. ; has been an editor, 
 lawyer, and judge of probate court; is at present a lawyer and pension 
 attorney. Enlisted October 21, 1861, in the 77th Ohio Infantry and 
 served as captain of Company G, commission bearing date of December 
 31, 1861; was attached to the I3th and I4th Army Corps; was brevetted 
 major for gallant and meritorious services at the battle of Shiloh, and 
 lieutenant-colonel for gallantry at the battle of Marks Mills; took part 
 in the battles of Shiloh, Fallen Timbers, Marks Mills, and skirmishes at 
 Spoonville, Little Missouri, Okolona, Prairie de Aime, etc.; had right 
 arm broken at the battle of Shiloh by gunshot wound; was captured the 
 same day, and held as a prisoner for six months; was again captured at 
 Marks Mills, and imprisoned for ten months; made his escape from Camp 
 
426 
 
 Ford military prison with six other officers; while proceeding northward 
 was recaptured by bloodhounds and cavalry; was honorably discharged 
 March 12, 1865. Comrade McCormick joined the G. A. R. at Marietta, 
 Ohio, in 1867, and at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1879; was post commander of 
 Marietta Post, and is at present a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, of Cin 
 cinnati, Ohio, where he resides. 
 
 JAMES R. HARDENBERGH. 
 
 Was born April 19, 1842, at New Brunswick, N. J.; has been a gov 
 ernment clerk; is at present clerk in the mailing-room of the San Fran 
 cisco post-office; was educated at the Peekskill Military Academy, N. Y. 
 Enlisted August 31, 1862, in the ist Washington Territory Infantry, and 
 served as ist and 2d lieutenant of regulars and volunteers; commissions 
 dating as follows: 2d lieu tenant Company G, ist Regiment, Washington 
 Territory Infantry, August 31, 1862; 2d lieutenant Company E, 2d Regi 
 ment, California Cavalry, May 22, 1865; 2d lieutenant Company D, gth 
 U. S. Infantry, June 2, 1866; ist lieutenant Company B, gth U. S. Infantry, 
 June 2, 1867; ist lieutenant Company E, gth U. S. Infantry, July 7, 1869; 
 ist lieutenant Company D, gth U. S. Infantry, August i, 1870; served in 
 the departments of the Pacific and the Platte; was in the Indian fight, 
 July 15, 1866, near Camp Cody in Arizona, in which battle was slightly 
 wounded in right leg by an arrow; was honorably discharged from the 
 service September 7, 1870. Comrade Hardenbergh is a member of Lincoln 
 Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 B. F. CRARY. 
 
 Was born in Jennings County, Ind. , December 12, 1821, and has been 
 a Methodist minister since 1845; * s a doctor of divinity and at present the 
 editor of the California Christian Advocate, published in San Francisco. 
 Enlisted May i, 1862, in 3d Minnesota Infantry, and was commissioned 
 chaplain of regiment May 4, 1862; was present at the battles before 
 Corinth and its capture, and at Murfreesboro; served under General Pope 
 at Corinth, to which command he had been sent by Governor Alexander 
 Ramsey to assist and look after the welfare of the soldiers from Minnesota; 
 from thence proceeded to Murfreesboro to join his regiment; when the 
 place was taken by the rebel general Forrest on July 12, 1862, and his 
 regiment made prisoners, the officers were sent to L,ibby Prison at Rich 
 mond, Va. , and the enlisted men paroled. Chaplain Crary escaped by wear 
 ing a surgeon s scarf and assisting in taking care of the wounded of both 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 427 
 
 sides, for which purpose the Union surgeons were left unmolested; accom 
 panied the paroled men to Benton Barracks at St. Louis, and afterwards 
 to Minnesota in the campaign against the Sioux Indians in the fall of 
 1862; on his return, in January, 1863, was sent to General Asboth s com 
 mand up the Tennessee River; was detailed by that officer as superinten 
 dent of contrabands. " By order of General Grant, organized and drilled the 
 able-bodied men, the companies thus formed constituting the ist Tennessee 
 Heavy Artillery, which was assigned to duty in the river forts; was ren 
 dered deaf by the concussion of cannon, and in consequence of physical 
 disability resigned his commission and was honorably discharged in July, 
 1863, at Columbus, Ky. ; returned to his home in St. Paul, Minn., and in 
 the summer and fall, at the request of the Governor of the State, visited 
 the hospitals on the Mississippi from Keokuk, la., to Memphis, Tenn. , 
 to inquire into the wants of the sick and wounded soldiers. In May, 1864, 
 was elected editor of the Central Christian Advocate, published at St. 
 Louis, Mo. At the time of the rebel general Price s raid in Missouri, was 
 enrolled for service in the trenches, in case the city was attacked. Is a 
 member of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R. , at San Francisco, Cal., 
 his place of residence. 
 
 JOHN J. WHITNEY. 
 
 Was born in Chemung County, N. Y., February 25, 1843; nas been 
 a contractor and builder. Enlisted in Company C, 5th New York Heavy 
 Artillery, August 13, 1862; served as a private; was attached to the 8th 
 Army Corps; participated in Hunter s raid up Shenandoah Valley, and 
 was in the battles of Piedmont, Lynchburg, Winchester, and many other 
 engagements; was wounded three times; once by a bayonet while carrying 
 a wounded comrade off the field; in 1864 was attached to quartermaster s 
 department at Harper s Ferry, and served as clerk till June 28, 1865, when 
 he was honorably discharged from service; is a member and aid-de-camp 
 of W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at San Bernardino, Cal., his 
 place of residence. 
 
 EDWARD M. CANNON. 
 
 Was born in Monmouth, Warren County, Ills., May 5, 1842; his occu 
 pations in life have been milling and commission business, also that 
 of general agent, at which he is at present engaged; was a student at the 
 outbreak of the war; left college and enlisted in Company F, iyth Illinois 
 Volunteer Infantry, May 25, 1861; served as a private; on the organiza 
 tion of corps belonged to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, i7th Army Corps; 
 was in the battles of Fredericktown, Mo., Fort Donelson, Shiloh, siege of 
 
428 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Vicksburg, and a number of other engagements; at Donelson was one of 
 two men who escaped unhurt of a detail of sixty men from the lyth, 48th, 
 and 49th Illinois Volunteers (the brigade supporting McAllister s battery), 
 engaged in digging trenches in front of the fort and under fire of its guns; 
 honorably discharged at Springfield, Ills., June 4, 1864, by reason of expira 
 tion of his three years term of service. Came to California in 1874, and is 
 a member of Appomattox Post, G. A. R., at Oakland, Cal., his place of 
 business and residence. 
 
 JEREMIAH D. OUSTERHOUT. 
 
 Was born in Marengo, Mich., March 17, 1837; has been engaged in 
 wagon-making, farming, and mining. Enlisted in Company D, ist Cali 
 fornia Cavalry, August, 1861; served as a private; was engaged in Indian 
 warfare during period of enlistment, participating in the long march over 
 the mountains via Fort Yuma, through Arizona, New Mexico, to Texas; 
 was honorably discharged from service at Fort Union, N. M., October 16, 
 1864; was then two years foreman of Government wagon shop at Fort 
 Union; is a member of W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at San 
 Bernardino, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 JOHN D. POTTER. 
 
 Was born in Washington County, N. Y. , May 20, 1826; has been a 
 carpenter. Enlisted in Company F, 2d Battalion, Missouri State Militia, 
 March, 1862; before enlistment served as chief of scouts and guide, and 
 afterwards as a private, chiefly on scout duty between Missouri and Arkan 
 sas rivers; received three \vounds on different occasions in forehead, shoul 
 der, and leg from saber and bullets; was honorably discharged from service 
 at St. Louis, 1863; removed to California in 1864; is a member and 
 ex-chaplain of W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at San Bernardino, 
 Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 JOSEPH W. MUFFLY. 
 
 Was born in Clinton County, Pa., Jtily n, 1840. Enlisted in the 
 i48th Pennsylvania Volunteers in August, 1862, serving in the 4th Bri 
 gade, ist Division, and 2d Corps of the Army of the Potomac, as ser 
 geant-major, and adjutant of that regiment, and later acting assistant 
 adjutant-general of his brigade, being commissioned April 27, 1863, by 
 Governor Curtin of Pennsylvania; took part in the battles of Chan- 
 cellorsville, Wilderness, North Anna, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Mine 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 429 
 
 Run, Bristow, Gettysburg, Petersburg, Deep Bottom, Reams Station, and 
 Po River; was slightly wounded at Gettysburg, Reams Station, and Po 
 River; was honorably discharged on account of disability March 28, 1865. 
 Comrade Muffly is a resident of Des Moines, la., where he is engaged in 
 the insurance business. Joined Crocker Post, No. 12, G. A. R., of Des 
 Moines, March 14, 1884, and is its adjutant, also assistant inspector-general 
 of the department of Iowa for 1886. 
 
 HENRY PAGE. 
 
 Was born March 4, 1840, in Sharon, Vt. ; was for seven years treas 
 urer of the State of Arkansas, five years a soldier, three years U. S. Indian 
 agent, one year member of the Utah Commission, and at present and dur 
 ing the past three years clerk to the Utah Commission. Enlisted May 8, 
 1861, in the nth Massachusetts Infantry; Jime I3th, was appointed quar 
 termaster-sergeant, and in September, 2d lieutenant of Company E, for 
 gallant conduct at the battle of Bull Run; in October, 1861, was assigned to 
 staff duty with General Hooker, commanding ist Division of the 3d Army 
 Corps; in April, 1862, while on the Peninsula was assigned to duty on the 
 staff of General McClellan; November 26, 1862, was appointed captain and 
 assistant quartermaster for gallant services at the battle of Antietam, and 
 was assigned to duty at headquarters Army of the Potomac; in 1863 was 
 again on the staff of General Hooker; July 15, 1863, was assigned to duty 
 as division quartermaster of Buford s cavalry division; was shortly after 
 ward relieved and assigned to the staff of General Meade at headquar 
 ters; in June, 1864, was assigned to duty in the staff corps of General 
 Grant; July the same year was made acting chief quartermaster of the Cav 
 alry Corps of that army, staff of General Sheridan; July n, 1864, was 
 appointed chief quartermaster of the Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, 
 with rank of lieutenant-colonel; on the arrival of General Sheridan at 
 Winchester, in 1864, was appointed acting chief quartermaster of the 
 command, including the Army of the Shenandoah; was retired in Octo 
 ber, and assigned to duty as chief quartermaster of the Cavalry Corps, 
 staff of General Torbert; November, 1864, was again assigned as chief 
 acting quartermaster of the Middle Military Division, and served in that 
 capacity under the command of General Hancock until the close of the 
 war; in July, 1865, was assigned to duty in the office of the quartermaster- 
 general at Washington; March 13, 1865, was brevetted major, lieutenant- 
 colonel, and colonel, for faithful and meritorious services during the war; 
 in November, 1865, was relieved and ordered to duty as depot quarter 
 master at Little Rock, Ark. ; in 1866 was made chief quartermaster of the 
 
430 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 department of Arkansas and Indian Nation; in October, the same year, 
 was relieved, and assigned to duty as disbursing officer of the Bureau of 
 Freedmen, Department of Arkansas and Indian Nation, on the staff of 
 General Ord, and April 25, 1867, was assigned to additional duty as mili 
 tary treasurer of the State of Arkansas; was honorably mustered out of 
 service in July, 1867, after over six years of continuous and varied serv 
 ice, during which he took part in the battles of first Bull Run, Yorktown, 
 Williamsburg, seven days on the Peninsula, South Mountain, Antietam, 
 Gettysburg, Wilderness, Mine Run, Cold Harbor, Spottsylvania, Peters 
 burg, Hall Town, Winchester, Fisher s Hill, Cedar Creek, Waynesboro, 
 and numerous cavalry skirmishes; was twice slightly wounded, and once 
 captured, but made his escape shortly afterward. Comrade Page is a 
 member of James B. McKean Post, G. A. R., of Salt Lake City, Utah, 
 where he resides; has been junior vice-commander, and is at present 
 inspector of his post. 
 
 GEORGE W. S. PIERCE. 
 
 Was born in Jamestown, Chatauqua County, N. Y., January 9, 1844; 
 has been an engineer, miner, builder and contractor. Enlisted in Com 
 pany D, iiath New York Infantry, July 31, 1862; served as a private; was 
 in battle of Deserted House near Suffolk, Va., and several minor engage 
 ments; the regiment was employed in fortifying and clearing the country 
 of guerrilla and cavalry parties, the work being principally in the Dismal 
 Swamp of Virginia; was honorably discharged from service for disability 
 November 24, 1863; is a member, ex-sergeant-major, of W. R. Cornman 
 Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at San Bernardino, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 CHARLES T. HULL. 
 
 Was born December 25, 1835, in Coventry, Chenango County, N. Y. ; 
 had but few educational advantages in early life; was a steel engraver 
 before the war. Enlisted August 16, 1862, in Company E, of the i^ist 
 Pennsylvania Volunteers, and first heard the sound of battle at the second 
 Bull Run; was in Kearny s Division of the 3d Army Corps at Chantilly; 
 was in every engagement of the Army of the Potomac after the battle of 
 Antietam; at the battle of Gettysburg his regiment suffered very heavy 
 losses; was honorably discharged at the close of the war, and is at present 
 cashier of the First National Bank of Athens, Penn. Comrade Hull was 
 charter member of Perkins Post, G. A. R., department of Pennsylvania; 
 was its commander for seven successive years; was active in organizing 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 431 
 
 posts ill his own and adjoining counties; in 1877 was senior vice- com 
 mander of the department, and the following year was elected department 
 commander; during his administration the gain in membership was larger 
 than had ever been known before ; it was during his term of service that the 
 semi-annual encampments on the battle-field of Gettysburg were instituted, 
 and which have since been kept up regularly. He has attended all depart 
 ment and many national encampments. 
 
 WILLIAM K. GATES. 
 
 Was born in Blair County, Pa., March 4, 1847; has been a laborer, 
 is at present a carpenter. Enlisted in Company I, 55th Pennsylvania 
 Infantry, February, 1864, served as a private; attached to the 24th Army 
 Corps; was in battles of Cold Harbor, Andersonville, Savannah, and 
 Milieu; participated in Butler s operations at Bermuda Hundred, where 
 he was wounded by rifle-ball in left foot; was captured at battle of Cold 
 Harbor, and exchanged at close of war; honorably discharged from service 
 at Harrisburg, Pa., September 5, 1865; is a member of W. R. Cornman 
 Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at San Bernardino, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 CHARLES F. MEYER. 
 
 Was born in Prussia, December 12, 1838; came to the United States 
 in 1859. Enlisted in Company C, roth U. S. Infantry, March, 1858; served 
 in different positions from private to quartermaster-sergeant; served in 
 Utah and the Arkansas River frontier until 1862, when he joined the 
 Army of the Potomac; was attached to the 5th Army Corps; participated 
 in Burnside s battle of Fredericksburg; was honorably discharged from 
 service at Falmouth, Va., March n, 1863; removed to California in 1864; 
 is a member of J. A. Garfield Post, No. 34, G. A. R., at San Francisco, 
 Cal. ; resides at San Bernardino, Cal. 
 
 THOS. H. HASKELL. 
 
 Was born in Haverhill, Mass., May 25, 1841, and at the outbreak of 
 the war was a clerk. Enlisted in Company B, 36th Massachusetts Infantry 
 July 24, 1862, as a private, and from time to time was promoted to cor 
 poral, ist sergeant, ist lieutenant, and adjutant, receiving his commission 
 May 6, 1864; was in the ist Brigade, 2d Division, gth Army Corps, and 
 took part in the following battles: Fredericksburg, Vicksburg, Jackson, 
 
432 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Blue Springs, Campbell s Station, siege of Knoxville, Wilderness, Spott- 
 sylvania, Petersburg Mine, Pegram Farm, Weldon Railroad, Hatcher s Run 
 and Petersburg, April 2, 1865; at Spottsylvania, May 12, 1864, received 
 a gunshot wound through the right hand; was honorably discharged from 
 the service at Alexandria, Va. , June 8, 1865. Comrade Haskell, after the 
 war, took up his residence in Charlestown district, Boston, where he is now 
 clerk to civil engineer of the Boston Navy Yard; he has been a member of 
 Abraham Lincoln Post, No. n, G. A. R. , of the above place since April 23, 
 1867; has served as the post s adjutant, junior vice-commander, com 
 mander, and aid-de-camp on department commander s staff. 
 
 JOHN CARLJN. 
 
 Was born in Drogheda, County Meath, Ireland, in the year 1825; 
 came to the United States with his parents when quite young and settled 
 in Ohio, received only a common school education while living on a farm; 
 when the war with Mexico commenced he enlisted as a private in Battery 
 B, 4th U. S. Artillery, July 7, 1846, at Wheeling, Va. , and, under com 
 mand of Captain J. M. Washington, served five years in Mexico and frontier 
 of Texas; was discharged as ist sergeant at Fort Brown, Tex., July 7, 
 1851, he returned to Wheeling, Va. , and engaged in commercial pursuits 
 until the breaking out of the Rebellion; he offered his services to Governor 
 Pierpont of Virginia; was commissioned as captain of artillery in August, 
 1862, recruited a company at Wheeling, Va., and received an equipment 
 of a six-gun battery; was mustered in service August 20, 1862, and served 
 in the Army of West Virginia, consecutively under generals Milroy, Sigel, 
 Hunter, and Sheridan, until mustered out at the close of the war June 27, 
 1865. His connection with the Grand Army dates from 1868 until the 
 present; was elected commander of the department of West Virginia, 
 G. A. R. , April 29, 1886, with headquarters at Wheeling, W. Va., where 
 he resides. 
 
 CHARLES H. BRICKETT. 
 
 Was born in Londonderry, N. H., August 25, 1846; is a carpenter by 
 trade. Enlisted in Company E, 7th New Hampshire Infantry, November 
 25, 1 86 1, served as a drummer-boy, private, and sergeant; was attached 
 to the loth Army Corps, and was in the battles of Bufort s Landing, 
 Bermuda Hundred, Olustee, Drewry s Bluff, capture of Jacksonville, and 
 siege of Petersburg; helped to plant battery called swamp angel between 
 Morris and James islands; and worked in the tunnel for mine explosion 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 433 
 
 at Petersburg, where was wounded by a bullet in left leg; was honorably 
 discharged from service at Raleigh, July, 1865; since then has served 
 three years on the U. S. sloop of war Canandaigua^ and five years in the 
 8th U. S. Infantry, being honorably discharged at Fort Whipple, Arizona, 
 1875; removed to California same year; and is a member of W. R. Cormnan 
 Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at San Bernardino, Cal. , his place of residence. 
 
 JEHU J. LYON. 
 
 Was born in Wisconsin April 29, 1845; nas been a farmer and cook. 
 Enlisted in Company H, 3d Minnesota Infantry, December 29, 1861; 
 served as a private; was in several minor engagements in Kentucky; was 
 honorably discharged at Nashville April 26, 1862, for disability, a relapse 
 of the measles incapacitating him from further service; removed to Cali 
 fornia in 1876; is a member of Halleck Post, No. 19, G. A. R. , at Chico, 
 Cal. Resides at San Bernardino, Cal. 
 
 HILLAROUS ROTH. 
 
 Was born in Berks County, Pa., January 13, 1844; is a house -painter 
 by trade. Enlisted in January, 1862, in the i5ist Pennsylvania Regiment, 
 and served as a private; was in the Army of the Potomac; took part in 
 the battle of Gettysburg; was transferred to the 7th Cavalry, and served 
 in Wilson s corps; was wounded at the battle of Gettysburg, and taken 
 prisoner released after four days; was in the battle at Atlanta, Ga. , and 
 the battles of Noonday Creek, Rome, Columbus, and Selma; honorably 
 discharged in 1865. Comrade Roth is a member of Emanuel Moore Post, of 
 Fremont, Ohio, and at present a resident of Sacramento, Cal. 
 
 ROBERT S. FRAZEE. 
 
 Was born in Cayuga County, N. Y. , July 21, 1841; is by occupation 
 a policeman. Enlisted April 27, 1861, in Company G of the 27th N. Y. 
 Infantry, and served as a private, was attached to the ist Brigade, ist 
 Division, and 6th Army Corps; took part in the first battle of Bull Run; 
 was in the Peninsula campaign under McClellan from Yorktown to Mal- 
 vern Hill; was at the second battle of Bull Run, and again with McClellan 
 through the battles at South Mountain and Antietam; thence through 
 Virginia, in the fall of 1862, to the battle of Fredericksburg, the mud 
 march, and Chancellorsville, after which, proceeding to Washington, was 
 discharged on account of expiration of service; reentered service again as 
 
 2C 
 
434 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 2d lieutenant in August, 1864, of Company H, 4th Regiment of quarter 
 master volunteers; promoted ist lieutenant November i, 1864, and took 
 part in the repulse of General Early in his attack on Washington; acted 
 as wagon-master from the time of the organization of the quartermasters 
 regiment, and served as such until the end of the war; from 1869 to 1871 
 was on the police force of the city of Washington; resigned on account of 
 ill-health; came to California in 1878, and has since served in the police 
 department of Sacramento, Cal., where he resides; is a member of Sum- 
 ner Post of that place; has served as junior and senior vice-commander 
 of his post. 
 
 WILLIAM B. GARNER. 
 
 Was born in McLeansboro, Ills., October 8, 1836; has been a clerk, 
 is at present a merchant. Enlisted in Company G, 56th Illinois Infantry, 
 1861; served as private and sergeant-major; received commission as captain 
 July, 1863, in Company D, 5oth U. S. Colored Infantry; at Vicksburg 
 served on staff of General McPherson; was attached to the 171!! Army 
 Corps, Army of the Tennessee; was at Pittsburg Landing, and sieges of 
 Corinth and Vicksburg; received wound over left eye with rifle-ball at 
 Vicksburg; took part in capture of Fort Blakely, and two months later, 
 the war being over, resigned at New Orleans June 18, 1865; was quar 
 termaster and is now charter member of W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, 
 G. A. R., in San Bernardino County, Cal., his place of residence; is now 
 serving second term as public administrator and is auditor elect. 
 
 LOUIS WAGNER. 
 
 Was born at Giessen, Germany, August 4, 1838; his father having 
 taken an active part in the revolution of 1848 was compelled to fly the 
 country, and settled in Philadelphia in 1849; there he received a common- 
 school education, and having learned the lithographic -printing business, 
 engaged in it on his own account; in July, 1861, he entered the Union 
 army as ist lieutenant of Company D, 88th Pennsylvania Regiment; being 
 promoted through the various grades, he became colonel of his regiment 
 and a brevet brigadier-general ; participated in all the battles of the Army 
 of the Potomac until wounded and taken prisoner at the second Bull Run; 
 after his release, though still on crutches, rejoined his regiment and took 
 part in the battle of Chancellorsville; on account of the breaking out of his 
 wound, was assigned to the command of Camp William Penn, Philadelphia, 
 where he organized colored troops, and within two years sent nearly 14,000 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 435 
 
 recruits to the front; in 1865 rejoined his regiment, and commanded a 
 brigade in the 5th Corps, being finally mustered out July 8th of that year. 
 
 In 1866 General Wagner was elected to represent the twenty-second 
 ward of Philadelphia in the common council, and served six successive 
 years, three of which he was president of that body; in May, 1873, was 
 appointed a member of the board of education, and continued in that 
 capacity until re-elected to the council, in 1876, where he served until 
 1879; the court of common pleas appointed him a member of the board 
 of city trusts in 1874, and in November, 1878, was elected recorder of 
 deeds for three years. 
 
 Comrade Wagner organized the department of Pennsylvania, G. A. R., 
 and in 1867 was elected its first commander; was elected Junior Vice- 
 Commander-in-Chief in 1870, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief in 1871 
 and 1872; in the latter term he acted as Commander-in-Chief during the 
 absence of General Burnside in Europe; at Dayton, Ohio, in 1880, was 
 elected Commander-in-Chief of the G. A. R. General Wagner is a prom 
 inent mason and son of temperance; has been for years engaged in the 
 insurance business in Philadelphia; is at present the inspector of Soldiers 
 Orphans Schools in Pennsylvania. Is a member of Ellis Post, G. A. R., 
 of Philadelphia, Pa., where he resides. 
 
 WM. HENRY WRIGHT. 
 
 Was born in Gloversville, Fulton County, N. Y., September 7, 1840; 
 his occupations in life have been salesman and merchant. Enlisted in 
 Company K, 77th New York Volunteers, September 27, 1861; served as 
 a private and non-commissioned officer, and was promoted to 2d lieutenant 
 April 2, 1865; belonged to the 3d Brigade, 2d Division, 6th Army Corps; 
 was with his regiment in all the engagements of the Peninsula campaign 
 under General McClellan; was then detailed for a few months on recruit 
 ing service in New York, rejoining his regiment in Maryland ; made the 
 march through Virginia, participating in the battle of Fredericksburg 
 December 13, 1862; the mud march along the Rappahannock, the fight 
 of the 6th Corps at Marye s Heights during the battle of Chancellorsville; 
 at Gettysburg and Mine Run; veteranized at Camp Brandy Station, Va. , 
 in January, 1864; was wounded in left shoulder by bullet in action in the 
 Wilderness May 6, 1864; while invalided did duty as general ward-master 
 in Camden Street Hospital at Baltimore, and then as sergeant-major of 
 the post at Harper s Ferry, Va. ; when sufficiently recovered rejoined his 
 regiment at Winchester: was again wounded by bullet in left leg at Peters 
 burg, but continued in field; was present at the surrender at Appomattox 
 
436 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 and with the advance to Danville, Va. ; thence returning took part in the 
 grand review at Washington city, and was finally mustered out at Albany, 
 N. Y. , July 7, 1865; came to California in 1877; was a charter member of 
 W. H. Long Post, the name of which was afterwards changed to W. R. 
 Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at San Bernardino; is a past senior vice- 
 commander of his post; resides in Colton, San Bernardino County, Cal. 
 
 ORLANDO PARRY ROBARTS. 
 
 Was born in Springfield, Ohio, April 22, 1844; has been a carpenter; 
 is now an architect and contractor. Enlisted in Company D, 1 7th Kansas 
 Infantry, in April, 1864; served as a private in Kansas during term, being 
 detailed as U. S. detective on the frontier; was honorably discharged 
 August, 1864; took part in the Indian war in Montana with the Piegan 
 Indians in 1868; was superintendent of Government works at Camp Apache, 
 Arizona, 1877-80; is a member of W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., 
 at San Bernardino, Cal. , his place of residence. 
 
 GEORGE G. ASHBAUGH. 
 
 Was born in Dubuque, la., March 19, 1848; is a printer by trade; 
 at the age of fourteen enlisted in Company A, 93d Illinois Infantry, in the 
 summer of 1862; served as drummer-boy till 1863, when, on account of 
 his youth, not being able to cope with the hardships of the field, was dis 
 charged for disability; re-enlisted in Company F, I4oth Illinois Infantry, 
 in January, 1864; served as a private; was attached to i7th Army Corps ^ 
 took part in many expeditions after rebel guerrilla parties; was honorably 
 discharged from service at Chicago in the fall of 1864; removed to Cali 
 fornia in 1884; is a member of W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, G. A. R., at 
 San Bernardino, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 HUGH J. ALLISON. 
 
 Was born in Pike County, Mo. , June 2, 1 83 7 ; has been a fanner and car 
 penter. Enlisted July, 1861, in Company C of the 8th Illinois Infantry, 
 and served along the Mississippi River; was in the fight at Columbia;, 
 was discharged after three months; re-enlisted July 4, 1862, in Company 
 K of the 1 1 5th Illinois Infantry, and served as corporal; was attached to 
 the 2d Brigade, ist Division, 4th Army Corps; served in the Army of 
 Kentucky and the Army of the Cumberland; took part in the battles of 
 Perry ville and Lebanon, in Kentucky, and Jonesboro and on to Atlanta; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 437 
 
 thence back after General Hood to Nashville; was wounded at Chicka- 
 mauga by a bullet in right leg; at same place the brass eagle on breast- 
 strap was struck, and probably saved his life; at Franklin, Tenn., received 
 a bullet in left leg, and at Nashville was wounded on head by a fragment of 
 shell; was captured at Chickamauga, but escaped the same night; was 
 honorably discharged June 16, 1865; came to California in 1883, and has 
 since resided in San Bernardino; is a member of W. R. Cornman Post, 
 G. A. R., at his place of residence. 
 
 WILLIAM H. DIXON. 
 
 Was born October 26, 1843, in Webster, Mass.; has been a clerk, is 
 at present a laborer. Enlisted in May, 1862, in Company G of the 5ist 
 Massachusetts Infantry; was attached to the ist, 6th, 8th, and i8th Army 
 Corps; took part in the battles of Kinston, Whitehall, Goldsboro, Falling 
 Waters, and others; was wounded by grape-shot; honorably discharged in 
 August, 1863. Comrade Dixon is a member of Lyon Post, G. A. R. , of 
 Oakland, Cal. , where he resides. 
 
 EDWARD A. SMITH. 
 
 Was born in New York city November 5, 1837; is a civil engineer. 
 Enlisted in 2d Kansas Battery, Light Artillery, July 25, 1862; served as 
 ist lieutenant and captain; received commissions July, 1862, and July, 
 1863; was attached to yth Army Corps; took part in battles of Honey 
 Springs, Indian Ferry, Fort Smith, and many minor engagements; in 
 1861 was in command of Company F, 5th Kansas Infantry, serving on the 
 frontier; during which time carried many dispatches across the country; 
 was honorably discharged from service August 10, 1865; was a newspaper 
 man before the war, and is at present a well-known writer of southern 
 California; is senior vice-commander of W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, 
 G. A. R., at San Bernardino, his place of residence. 
 
 JULIUS M. KEELER. 
 
 Was born July 16, 1824, i 11 Malone, Franklin County, N. Y. ; was for 
 twelve years a teacher, before and after a university course; laid the foun 
 dation for the Pacific University of Forest Grove, Or., and was superintend 
 ent of public schools in Washington County, Or. ; in 1849 was a m i n er in 
 California; after the war, was, for a time, a commission merchant, and for 
 some time in the revenue service in California; at present is engaged in 
 mining and developing marble quarries in Inyo County, and is president 
 
438 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 of the Inyo Marble Company of California. Enlisted in May, 1861, in 
 Company A of the 5th Connecticut Infantry; was mustered in as ist lieu 
 tenant of Company H, July 23, 1861; served as 3d sergeant of Company 
 A, quartermaster-sergeant, and ist lieutenant of Company H; was in com 
 mand of and quartermaster of Connecticut recruits at Fort Trumbull; was 
 provost marshal of Oregon, with rank of captain of cavalry, commission 
 dating May 22, 1863; was attached to the i2th Army Corps and Provost 
 Department; took part in the battles of Ball s Bluff, Winchester, and 
 Chancellorsville; was honorably discharged at Salem, Or., June 15, 1865. 
 Comrade Keeler is a member of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of 
 San Francisco, Cal. , where he resides. 
 
 GEORGE E. BALDWIN. 
 
 Was born in Sandwich, Mass., March 10, 1842; has been clerk and 
 surveyor; is at present an insurance surveyor. Enlisted in 2d Massachusetts 
 Cavalry (California Battalion), March, 1863, was attached to Sheridan s cav 
 alry, Army of the Shenandoah ; served as private, corporal, sergeant, 2d lieu 
 tenant, and ist lieutenant; was in seventeen battles, including Ashby s 
 Gap, Rockville, Poolsville, Aldie, Summit Point, South Anna, Dinwiddie 
 Court-house, Sailor s Creek, Dranesville, Fort Stephens, Fort Reno, Ber 
 ry ville, Tom s Brook, Cedar Creek, White Oak Road, Five Forks, and 
 Appomattox Court-house; witnessed Lee s surrender; was taken prisoner 
 at Berry ville; escaped, and was retaken near Leesburg, Va., by Mosby s 
 guerrillas; again escaped, and, traveling by night and hiding daytimes, 
 reached Washington; received commissions in April and March, 1865; 
 was honorably discharged from service at Fairfax Court-house July 20, 1865. 
 Is a member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 2, G. A. R. , at San Fran 
 cisco, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 HARVEY D. TALCOTT. 
 
 Was born March 25, 1844, in Herkimer, Herkimer County, N. Y. ; 
 has been a student, soldier, and lawyer; is at present practicing his profes 
 sion in San Francisco, Cal. In July, 1862, was commissioned adjutant of 
 the uoth New York Infantry, and served in that capacity and as assistant 
 adjutant-general of his brigade; was attached to the igth Army Corps 
 most of the time, and served in Maryland, Virginia, South Carolina, Mis 
 sissippi and Louisiana, taking part in the Red River and Port Hudson cam 
 paigns; resigned from the army at New Orleans, La., in 1864, by reason 
 of wound and disease contracted in line of duty; re-entered Union College 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 439 
 
 at Schenectady, N. Y. , which he had left to join the army, and, complet 
 ing his course of study, graduated in 1866; since then he has been engaged 
 in the practice of his profession; was corporation counsel of Utica, N. Y. , 
 from 1870 to 1871. Comrade Talcott joined the G. A. R. in 1869, and is 
 a past commander of Bacon Post, No. 53, department of New York; is at 
 present a member of George H. Thomas Post of San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 GEORGE H. POWERS. 
 
 Was born June 13, 1840, in Boston, Mass.; was a student until 1865, 
 and has since been a physician and surgeon; is at present an oculist and 
 aurist; August 26, 1864, was commissioned assistant surgeon of the 6oth 
 Massachusetts Infantry; this regiment was enlisted for 100 days, and was 
 stationed at camps Covington and Burnside at Indianapolis; was sick with 
 typho-malarial fever, and recovery was so slow as to prevent re-entering the 
 service after expiration of enlistment; was honorably discharged at Bos 
 ton, Mass., November 30, 1864. Comrade Powers is a member of George 
 H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, Cal., where he resides; he 
 is a past post commander. , 
 
 CORNELIUS R. MORRIS. 
 
 Was born April 2, 1846, in Middle Village, Queens County, N. Y. ; 
 was a farmer previous to enlistment; is at present a clerk in the San Fran 
 cisco post-office. Enlisted April i, 1863, and served as a private and cor 
 poral; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, i6th Army Corps; 
 after December 8, 1864, belonged to the 2d Division Detachment, Army 
 of the Tennessee; took part in the battles of Fort DeRussy, Pleasant Hill, 
 Cottersville, Yellow Bayou, Tupelo, Hurricane Creek, Nashville, Fort 
 Blakely, and numerous lesser engagements; was honorably discharged at 
 Montgomery, Ala., April i, 1866. Comrade Morris is a member of Lin 
 coln Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 SIDNEY F. SHAW. 
 
 Was born January 16, 1832, in Copenhagen, N. Y. ; attended the 
 Denmark and Union academies at Belleville, N. Y., and in 1854 removed 
 to Parkersburg, Va. , and became a teacher, surveyor, and engineer; was 
 engaged in surveying Government lands in Nebraska in 1857; returned to 
 Virginia prior to 1861; at the outbreak of the war went to Marietta, Ohio, 
 and served as captain of the Marietta Fine Zouaves; was in the three 
 months 1 service in Bennett s battalion: afterwards served as captain in 
 
440 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the 1 5th West Virginia Infantry; was commissioned major of the loth 
 West Virginia Infantry July 3, 1865; served in 1864 and 1865 as engi 
 neer and chief engineer Department of West Virginia, on the staff of 
 generals Hunter, Crook, Hancock, and Emory; was mustered out of serv 
 ice at Richmond, Va. , in July, 1865; was general agent of the land 
 department of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. for thirteen 
 years; superintendent of public schools in Wood County, W. Va. , and 
 school commissioner three years, and is now general superintendent of 
 the Chicago, Parkersburg & Norfolk R. R., at present in course of con 
 struction. Comrade Shaw is a member of Andrew Mather Post, G. A. R., 
 of Parkersburg, W. Va., where he resides; is a member of the national 
 council of administration. 
 
 M. O. FROST. 
 
 Was born in Buffalo, N. Y., November 22, 1833, and in 1844 moved 
 to Cincinnati, Ohio, where at eleven years of age he entered a printing- 
 office and remained in various capacities for three years, when he was 
 indentured to the Cincinnati Atlas, where he served until that paper was 
 merged in the Cincinnati Gazette ; afterwards learned job printing and 
 press-work, having served an apprenticeship of nearly five years. From 
 1854 to 1859 na d control of the Clermont, Ohio, Courier, and in 1860 
 established the Felicity, Ohio, Herald, which he published one year; in 
 1861 moved to Cincinnati again, and established a Hotel Reporter, which 
 he was publishing when the war broke out. Enlisted July 29, 1861, in 
 a company formed at Cincinnati, and which was sent to St. Louis, where 
 General Fremont immediately assigned it, as Company D, to the loth 
 Missouri Volunteer Infantry, then filling up; served as a private and ist 
 sergeant, which latter position he held for twenty -seven months, when he 
 was promoted to ist lieutenant, his commission being dated October 20, 
 1863; campaigned in northeastern Missouri during the winter of 1861-62, 
 then went to the scene of military operations in Tennessee; was attached 
 to the 2d Brigade, 3d Division, i5th Army Corps; took part in the siege 
 of Corinth, the battle of luka, the repulse of the Confederate general 
 Van Dorn at Corinth, the engagements at Thousand Hills, Raymond, 
 Jackson, Miss., the Yazoo Pass expedition, Champion Hills, Vicksburg, 
 and Missionary Ridge; was wounded slightly at Corinth, and struck with 
 a piece of shell at Missionary Ridge; was always with his company, never 
 on detached service, and was in every march, battle, and skirmish in 
 which the regiment was engaged; honorably discharged, by reason of 
 expiration of term of service, September 5, 1864. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 441 
 
 After his return from the army, was for four years connected with 
 the Cincinnati Commercial, and in 1868 moved to Illinois, where he 
 established the Clark County Herald, and continued its publication until 
 1884, when he moved to Topeka, Kas., at which place he established the 
 Kansas Knight and Soldier in April, 1886; it is the official organ of the 
 Grand Army, Woman s Relief Corps, and Sons of Veterans in that State. 
 Comrade Frost is a member of Lincoln Post, No. i, G. A. R., at Topeka, 
 Kas. 
 
 FRANK H. MERRILL. 
 
 Was born in Brooks, Waldo County, Me., December 3, 1833. Enlisted 
 October 4, 1861, in the lyth U. S. Infantry as a private; was attached to 
 the 5th Army Corps; took part in the battle of Petersburg June 17 and 
 1 8, 1864, and was honorably discharged from service October 9, 1864, 
 at Fort Preble, Me. Comrade Merrill joined the G. A. R. in South Bos 
 ton, Mass., in August, 1869; is at present a member of Geo. H. Thomas 
 Post, G. A. R. , at San Francisco, Cal. , where he resides, and is a clerk in 
 the post-office department. 
 
 GEORGE B. FIELDER. 
 
 Was born in Jersey City, N. J., July 24, 1841. Enlisted in the 2ist 
 New Jersey Infantry in August, 1862, as a private; was promoted to ser 
 geant-major, and in June, 1863, was commissioned 2d lieutenant; was 
 attached to the 3d Brigade, 2d Division, 6th Army Corps; participated in 
 the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Marye s Heights, Salem 
 Heights, and Deep Run; was wounded and captured May 4. 1863; hon 
 orably discharged at Trenton, N. J. , in 1864. Comrade Fielder is a mem 
 ber of G. Van Houghten Post, G. A. R., of Jersey City, N. J., of which 
 city he is a resident. 
 
 ELBERT HENRY SAWYER. 
 
 Was born December 18, 1843, in Milford, Mich.; has been a teacher; 
 has been for a long time president and commander of the Grand Army 
 Collegiate and Military Institute at Canon City, Col. Enlisted August 15, 
 1862, in the 8th Michigan Infantry; was attached to the ist Brigade, 
 ist Division, gth Army Corps; was brevetted February i, 1865; took part 
 in the battles of South Mountain, Antietam, Vicksburg, Jackson, Knox- 
 ville, Weldon, Spottsylvania, and others; was wounded by shell in right 
 hand at the battle of Antietam, and again in the left thigh by a minie-ball 
 
442 
 
 at Spottsylvania, breaking the leg and resulting in paralysis, which dis 
 abled him for further service, in consequence of which he retired from 
 the army in February, 1865; since which time has served on the staff of 
 General Van Cleve of Missouri, with the rank of major and colonel. 
 Comrade Sawyer is a member of Greenwood Post, G. A. R., of Canon 
 City, Col. ; has been assistant adjutant-general of his department; is a resi 
 dent of Denver, Col. 
 
 CHARLES H. CLARK. 
 
 Was born in Morris County, N. J., July 4, 1842, and has been a pub 
 lisher; is at present engaged in the real estate business; at the age of seven 
 years, with his parents, moved to De Kalb County, Ills., and from there, 
 in 1850, to Wisconsin. Enlisted in Company K, nth Minnesota Infantry 
 Volunteers, August i, 1864, and served as a private; belonged to the Army 
 of the Cumberland; took part in the battle of Nashville, where he was 
 wounded in the wrist, the ball breaking the bone; mustered out of service 
 at St. Paul, Minn., July n, 1865; is a member of Corinth Post, G. A. R., 
 at Perry, Kas., and has been inspector of posts in that department; resides 
 at Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 THOMAS C. McCUMBER. 
 
 Was born in Warrington County, N. Y. , February 10, 1829; nas been 
 a farmer. Enlisted in Company A, 53d Wisconsin Infantry, in February, 
 1865; served as a private; was on guard duty five weeks at St. Louis, Mo., 
 and four weeks at Fort Leaven worth, Kas. ; thence went to Lexington 
 and Warrensburg, Mo. ; drove stock back to Fort Leavenworth ; regiment 
 was then consolidated with the 5 yth Wisconsin; was honorably discharged 
 at Madison, Wis., August i, 1865; came to California in 1870; is a mem 
 ber of Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R., at Modesto, Cal., his place of resi 
 dence. 
 
 F. T. BICKNELL. 
 
 Was born April 20, 1842, in Chittenden County, Vt. ; has been a 
 farmer, student, and teacher; is at present a physician and surgeon. 
 Enlisted August 15, 1862, in Company A of the 23d Wisconsin Infantry, 
 and served as a private; was attached to General A. J. Smith s division 
 of the 1 3th Army Corps; took part in the battles of Chickasaw Bayou, 
 Arkansas Post, Cypress Bend, Greenville, Port Gibson, Champion Hills, 
 Black River Bridge, siege and capture of Vicksburg, siege of Jackson, 
 Carrion Crow Bayou, Mansfield, Cane River, and Jackson, La., siege of 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 443 
 
 Spanish Fort and Blakely, and numerous skirmishes and minor engage 
 ments; was honorably discharged July 4, 1865; after the war attended 
 school at the State university, and studied medicine at Madison, Wis., 
 attended medical lectures at Rush Medical College in Illinois, and gradu 
 ated in 1870, since which time has closely followed the practice of his pro 
 fession. Comrade Bicknell is a member of Stan ton Post, G. A. R., of 
 Los Angeles, Cal., where he resides, and is surgeon of his post. 
 
 FELIX GOODRUE. 
 
 Was born November 15, 1847, m Clinton County, N. Y. ; has been a 
 farmer. Enlisted in 1865 in Company D of the ist New York Cavalry, 
 and served as a private; served with Sheridan s Cavalry Corps, and took 
 part in the battles of Five Forks and Winchester; previous to enlistment 
 had been with the army as newsboy for two years; was honorably dis 
 charged May 8, 1865. Comrade Goodrue is a member of Grant Post, 
 G. A. R., of Modesto, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 ROBERT HUTCHISON. 
 
 Was born May 24, 1839, at sea off the Banks of New Foundland; has 
 been a farmer; is at present a carpenter. Enlisted, in the fall of 1863, in 
 the ad Michigan Infantry, and served as a private; was attached to the 
 ist Brigade, 2d Division, gth Army Corps; took part in the battles of the 
 Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court-house, Cold Harbor, Shady Grove, Peters 
 burg (both times), and skirmish at North Anna; was wounded in left leg 
 above the ankle; was captured July 30, 1864, and sent to Danville Prison; 
 remained there about seven months; was then taken to Libby Prison, and 
 after about two weeks was paroled; was for about a month in the hospital 
 at Annapolis, thence home on furlough for thirty days, after which was 
 in Harper Hospital until honorably discharged in August, 1865. Com 
 rade Hutchison is a member of W. H. L. Wallace Post, G. A. R., of Santa 
 Cruz, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 MICHAEL HOGAN. 
 
 Was born April 22, 1841, in Bangor, Me.; served an apprenticeship 
 as blacksmith; is at present engaged in the livery-stable business. Enlisted 
 May 28, 1861, in Company I of the 2d Maine Infantry, and served as a 
 private; was attached to the ist Brigade, ist Division, 5th Army Corps; 
 took part in the first battle of Bull Run, and, after re-enlistment for three 
 
444 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 years, was in the engagements at Antietam, Chattanooga, second Bull Run, 
 Hanover Court-house, and many skirmishes; was severely wounded during 
 the seven days fight by bullet in right leg; was taken prisoner at the same 
 time; after release was transferred to McClellan s command, where he 
 served until honorably discharged, June 4, 1863. Comrade Hogan is a 
 member of Chattanooga Post, G. A. R., of Nevada City, Cal., and a resi 
 dent of North San Juan, Nevada County, Cal, ; has been city marshal of 
 Marysville, Cal. 
 
 NICHOLAS PANSY. 
 
 Was born in Italy May 27, 1835; has been a seaman and cook. In 
 June, 1864, shipped in the U. S. Navy at New Bedford, Mass., and served 
 as a seaman; was on the blockade at Mobile; was honorably discharged 
 May 25, 1867, in New York. Comrade Pansy is a member of W. H. L. 
 Wallace Post, G. A. R. , of Santa Cruz, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 HENRY R. BLANCHARD. 
 
 Was born August 23, 1839, in Putnam County, Ills. ; has been engaged 
 in teaming and mining. Enlisted August 28, 1863, in the ist California 
 Volunteers, and served as a private under Colonel Whipple; was honor 
 ably mustered out of service at Camp Lincoln, Cal., June 9, 1865. Com 
 rade Blanchard is a member of W. H. L. Wallace Post, G. A. R. , of Santa 
 Cruz, Cal. , where he resides. 
 
 H. G. COLEMAN. 
 
 Was born in 1833, in Watertown, N. Y.; has been a farmer; is at 
 present a saloon-keeper. Enlisted October 8, 1864, in the 7th California 
 Infantry, and served as sergeant of Company A; took part in three engage 
 ments with Apache Indians in Arizona; was honorably discharged in May, 
 1866. Comrade Coleman is a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, G. A. R. , 
 of San Francisco, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 ALBERT HART. 
 
 Was born March 29, 1845, m North Washington, Me.; has been a 
 farmer; is at present a contractor. Enlisted October 6, 1863, in the 55th 
 Pennsylvania Regiment, and served as a sergeant; was attached to the 3d 
 Brigade, 3d Division, 24th Army Corps; took part in the battles of Gettys 
 burg, second Bull Run, Chantilly, Drewry s Bluff, Petersburg, and the 
 pursuit of General Lee; was in skirmish at Rice s Station, and was in the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 445 
 
 flanking corps at the surrender of Lee at Appomattox Court-house, after 
 which was on provost duty at Camp Lee and Camp Jackson until dis 
 charge; was wounded in the right hip at the battle of Drewry s Bluff; 
 was captured the same day while on the skirmish line, and taken to Libby 
 Prison, and shortly afterward to Andersonville, in which prison he was 
 confined for seven months; was then released on sick parol and sent to 
 the Marine Hospital at Annapolis, and thence home on sick leave; after 
 three months reported at Camp Parol, and remained there until regularly 
 enchanged, when he rejoined his regiment; was honorably discharged 
 August 30, 1865. Comrade Hart is a member of W. H. L. Wallace Post, 
 G. A. R., of Santa Cruz, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 ALBERT MARTINDALE. 
 
 Was born August 6, 1842, in Crawford County, Pa.; a carpenter and 
 joiner by trade. Enlisted in Company H of the 38th Iowa Infantry, which 
 regiment was consolidated with the 34th Iowa in 1864, after which it was 
 known as the 34th Iowa; served as a private; was attached to the i3th 
 Army Corps; took part in the battles at Vicksburg and Mobile; was pros 
 trated by sunstroke at Vicksburg, on account of which is at present a pen 
 sioner; was honorably discharged at Davenport, la., after the war. Comrade 
 Martindale is a member of W. H. L. Wallace Post, G. A. R., of Santa 
 Cruz, Cal. , where he resides. 
 
 JACOB MENDEL. 
 
 Was born Jiily 7, 1846, in Germany; a cook by occupation. Enlisted 
 June, 1863 in the 46th New York Regiment, and served as a private; 
 was attached to the 3d Brigade, 2d Division, gth Army Corps; was in the 
 battles of James River, Gettysburg, White House, Horseshoe, and Swamp 
 River; was honorably discharged at Pigeon Point, Staten Island, N. Y. 
 Comrade Mendel is a member of W. H. L. Wallace Post, G. A. R., of 
 Santa Cruz, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 MURDOCK CAMPBELL. 
 
 Was born in Ireland; has been and still is a tailor. Enlisted May i, 
 1861, in the 24th Pennsylvania Infantry a three months regiment; 
 re-enlisted in August of the same year in the 69th Pennsylvania Regi 
 ment; served as private, corporal, sergeant, orderly-sergeant, sergeant- 
 major, and 2d lieutenant, commission dating May 30, 1863; was attached 
 to the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, 2d Army Corps; took part in all the battles 
 
446 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 in Virginia in which his regiment was engaged except the first Bull Run 
 and Petersburg; in the battle of Spottsylvania was wounded: gunshot 
 wound in right ear, a saber cut in left cheek and scalp; was honorably 
 discharged from the service October 29, 1864, on account of wounds 
 received in action. Comrade Campbell is a member of W. H. L. Wallace 
 Post, G. A. R., of Santa Cruz, Cal., where he resides; is at present junior 
 vice-commander of his post. 
 
 STUART TAYLOR. 
 
 Was born in the city of New York and is the son of Dr. Isaac 
 E. Taylor, president of Bellevue Hospital Medical College in that city. 
 Received a collegiate education, and at the outbreak of the War of the 
 Rebellion was a student at law; entered the Union Army in June, 1861, 
 as paymaster of the 55th New York Volunteers, formerly the Garde 
 LaFayette. That grade not being recognized in the field, he could not 
 be mustered in with the regiment, but served for several months in the 
 Army of the Potomac without pay ; was appointed captain s clerk in 
 February, 1862, and served on board the U. S. steamer Clifton in Admiral 
 Farragut s fleet; was present at the attack on forts Jackson and St. Philip, 
 and their passage by the fleet and capture of New Orleans; participated 
 in the first attack on Vicksburg, in which he was wounded; mentioned in 
 the official report of the action for gallant conduct under fire; was appointed 
 assistant adjutant-general of volunteers, December 23, 1862; was present 
 at the siege of Charleston, S. C. , the attacks on the forts in that harbor, 
 and during all the engagements of the loth Army Corps to which he was 
 attached including those at Morris, James, and John s islands ; was 
 wounded in one of these actions July, 1864; twice brevetted for "faithful 
 and meritorious services" mentioned in general orders for conspicuous 
 bravery in face of the enemy. Mustered out October 31, 1865. 
 
 After the war traveled extensively in his own and foreign countries. 
 In 1866 crossed the Atlantic Ocean in the schooner-yacht Vesta, in the 
 famous mid-winter yacht race between the schooners Henrietta, Vesta, 
 and Fleet Wing, from Sandy Hook to Cowes, Isle of Wight. His descrip 
 tion of the race, in which the vessels encountered a series of terrific 
 storms, was exceedingly graphic and attracted much attention; was city 
 Recorder of San Francisco in 1877, and during what was known as the 
 Dennis Kearny agitation was, by the citizens committee on public 
 safety, selected, on the nomination of the late general and senator John F. 
 Miller, as commander of the veteran battalion of 100 men, composed 
 equally of Union and Confederate soldiers, organized for the purpose of 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 147 
 
 co-operating with the National Guard and police in the suppression of dis 
 order and anticipated riot. 
 
 Colonel Taylor is a member of the well-known Bohemian Club of 
 San Francisco and recently its president. Is a member and past post com 
 mander of George H. Thomas Post, No. 2, G. A. R. , at San Francisco, 
 and several years ago was one of the officers of the New York command- 
 ery of the Loyal Legion; was presented by his comrades of Thomas Post 
 with a badge of gold and diamonds as a testimonial of respect, and for 
 his efficient work in behalf of the order; was a prominent candidate for 
 department commander at the election for 1886 first vice-chairman of 
 the general committee of management of the late national encampment 
 (the 2oth), and delegate at large from California to that body. For several 
 years has been one of the directors of the " Veterans Home" at Yount- 
 ville, Cal. He was chosen as orator before the Society of the Army of 
 the Potomac, and delivered the address which is published elsewhere 
 among the proceedings relating to that organization at its meeting in San 
 Francisco. Colonel Taylor at present holds the position of naval officer 
 of the port of San Francisco, of which city he is a resident. 
 
 GEORGE W. MITCHELL. 
 
 Was born in Clermont County, Ohio, December 5, 1839; was engaged 
 in stoneware manufacturing and farming. Enlisted in Company D, loth 
 Iowa Infantry, October 2, 1861, served as a private; first doing garrison 
 duty three months at Cape Girardeau, Mo. ; was in the battles of New 
 Madrid, Champion Hills, Vicksburg, luka, Mission Ridge, and siege of 
 Corinth; was honorably discharged from service at Little Rock, Ark., 
 August 16, 1865; came to California after the war and engaged in farm 
 ing; is a member of Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R., at Modesto, Cal., his 
 place of residence. 
 
 JAMES BAYARD WHITTEMORE. 
 
 Was born at New Brighton, Staten Island, N. Y. , October 22, 1840; 
 was appointed at large, by President Pierce, a cadet at the U. S. military 
 academy at West Point, which he entered on July i, 1857; resigned in 
 January, 1859; immediately went to San Francisco, Cal., by way of Cape 
 Horn, where he arrived in July of same year, and entered the employ of 
 the Alta California newspaper; when California was called upon by the 
 general Government for troops, he joined the first regiment accepted, 
 enlisting in the ist California Infantry August 23, 1861, and was at once 
 
448 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 appointed sergeant-major; commissioned 2d lieutenant Company A, Septem 
 ber 5, 1861 ; promoted ist lieutenant Company G, October 25, 1862 ; the regi 
 ment belonged to what was known as the California Column, under command 
 of Brigadier-General James H. Carleton, and which served throughout the 
 War of the Rebellion in California, Arizona, New Mexico, and north 
 western Texas, and was composed of the ist Infantry, ist Cavalry, and 
 Company B, 2d Cavalry, California Volunteers, and Battery A, 3d U. S. 
 Artillery, commanded by ist Lieutenant John B. Shinn of that regiment; 
 was acting assistant quartermaster and acting commissary of subsistence 
 at Franklin, Tex., and at Fort McRae on the Jornada del Muerto in New 
 Mexico, which latter post he assisted in establishing in June, 1863, laying 
 out quarters, etc.; was at various times battalion adjutant on the march, 
 and post adjutant at Franklin, Tex., and Fort Craig, N. M., and for some 
 months prior to and at the time of his discharge was acting regimental 
 adjutant; took part in several scouting expeditions and was on picket duty 
 on the Rio Grande, near Fort McRae; in January, 1863, at Fort West, 
 Arizona, and en route thereto from Las Cruces, N. M., commanded the sec 
 tion of mountain howitzers, which afterwards became famous under the 
 command of ist Lieutenant George H. Pettis, ist California Infantry, at 
 the battle of Adobe Walls, Tex., November 25, 1864; honorably discharged, 
 by reason of expiration of term of service, August 31, 1864, at Fort Craig, 
 N. M. ; returned at once to San Francisco, Cal., and entered the profession 
 of architecture; in the years 1872-73-74, whilst employed as draughts 
 man in the department of yards and docks at the navy yard, Mare Island, 
 Cal. , he made, under the directions of civil engineer Calvin Brown, U. S. 
 Navy, the original plans of the stone dry-dock opened for service at that 
 navy yard in 1866. Became a member of Lincoln Post, No. i, depart 
 ment of California, G. A. R., at San Francisco, Cal., in May, 1882; was 
 appointed sergeant-major of the post in January, 1883, and resigned that 
 position the February following. Was reappointed sergeant-major in 
 January, 1884, and served out full term ; July 23, 1884, was appointed 
 special aid-de-camp on the staff of department commander James M. 
 Davis, to perform the duties of acting assistant adjutant-general; August 
 1 8, 1884, was appointed assistant adjutant-general, department of Cali 
 fornia; at the eighteenth department encampment he declined to accept 
 the offer of increased back pay or a valuable testimonial for his merito 
 rious services in the conduct of his office during his term," and received 
 a resolution of thanks "for the admirable manner in which he had con 
 ducted the duties of his office;" was elected a delegate to the nineteenth 
 department encampment in February, 1886; the report of Assistant Adju 
 tant-General W. R. Smedberg (his successor) at that encampment very 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 449 
 
 highly complimented him, especially for the careful and thorough instruc 
 tions which he had given to post officers in regard to making out and 
 forwarding returns and reports to department headquarters. He became a 
 member of the military order of the Loyal Legion, commandery of Cali 
 fornia, May 10, 1884. Became a member of the Society of California 
 Volunteers April 25, 1871, of which organization he was corresponding 
 secretary from 1875 to 1877 and in 1886-87 ^s president; is a resident of 
 San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 WM. H. SYLVESTER. 
 
 Was born May 6, 1839, in Plymouth, Mass.; has been a steam engi 
 neer; is at present a house-painter. Enlisted in the spring of 1862 in the 
 47th Massachusetts Infantry, and served as a private; was attached to the 
 22d Army Corps; took part in the battle of Vicksburg and many skir 
 mishes; was wounded in chin and in head; was honorably discharged 
 May 4, 1865. Comrade Sylvester is a member of W. H. L. Wallace Post, 
 G. A. R., of Santa Cruz, Cal., where he resides; came to California in 
 1867, and has lived in Monterey, Oakland, and Santa Cruz. 
 
 HENRY M. HARNEY. 
 
 Was born in Fulton County, Ills., May 19, 1839; has been a farmer, 
 at present a liveryman. Enlisted October 4, 1861, in Company F of the 
 55th Illinois Infantry; was attached to the ist Brigade, 2d Division, i5th 
 Army Corps; was honorably discharged in October, 1864. Comrade 
 Harney joined theG. A. R. in Oregon in 1885, but since then has removed 
 to California, and is a member of Antietam Post, No. 63, G. A. R. , of 
 Petaluma, of which city he is a resident. 
 
 GEORGE LAFAYETTE BEAL. 
 
 Was born at Norway, Me., May 21, 1825, an d was educated at the 
 Westbrook Seminary; before the war was engaged in the book and express 
 business. Entered the Union army May 3, 1861, as captain of Com 
 pany G, ist Maine Infantry; subsequently served as colonel of the 29th 
 Maine Infantry, colonel of the loth Maine Regiment, brigadier-general 
 and brevet major-general of U. S. Volunteers; during his term of service, 
 which lasted until January 15, 1866, served in the Army of the Potomac, 
 in the Department of the Gulf, in the Shenandoah Valley under Banks 
 and Sheridan, and commanded the Eastern Military District of South 
 
 2D 
 
450 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Carolina from July, 1865, until January, 1866; at Antietam was seriously 
 wounded in both legs by a rifle-ball, which passed entirely through the left 
 thigh and into the right. Since the war has served as U. S. pension 
 agent at Portland, Me., and was adjutant-general of the State from 1880 
 to 1884. Is now engaged in manufacturing at Norway, Me. In 1867 he 
 became a member of Bosworth Post, No. 2, of Portland, and has served 
 as commander of the department of Maine. Is at present a member of 
 Harry Rust Post, G. A. R., of Norway, Me., where he resides. 
 
 THOMAS J. TOOLE. 
 
 Was born in County Cavan, Ireland, December 23, 1846; came to 
 America when three years old; is a wire-drawer by occupation. Enlisted 
 July 6, 1863, in the 69th New York Infantry, and served as a private; 
 was attached to the Irish Brigade of the 2d Army Corps under General 
 Hancock; took part in the battles of Cold Harbor and the Wilderness; 
 was wounded three times, viz., in the hand, groin, and shin; on account 
 of which was disabled for five months; was honorably discharged in Sep 
 tember, 1865; came to California in 1869, and has resided in Oakland 
 since 1871; is a member of Appomattox Post, G. A. R., of that place. 
 
 WILLARD O. HATCH. 
 
 Was born in Jefferson, Lincoln County, Me., September 17, 1843; 
 has been in the shoe business. Enlisted in Company K, 6th California 
 Infantry, October 17, 1864; served as private and corporal, first in San 
 Francisco on provost duty for nine months, then detailed in provost mar 
 shal s office under Major Moulton for three months; returned to duty in 
 camp and served six months in San Francisco; was sent to Benicia on 
 garrison duty and remained there two months; was honorably discharged 
 from service October 5, 1865; is a member of Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R., 
 at Modesto, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 WILLIAM H. THORNBURG. 
 
 Was born in La Porte County, Ind., December 9, 1833; nas been a 
 farmer. Enlisted in Company A, 27th Iowa Infantry, in August, 1862, 
 and served as a private; from the camp at Dubuque, la., went up the 
 Mississippi to the seat of the Indian war at Euclid, Minn., September, 1862 ; 
 thence to Cairo, Memphis, and to Moscow, Tenn., scouring the country 
 there several months; in spring of 1863, went on expedition after Forrest 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 451 
 
 as far as Little Rock, Ark.; then with General Banks on the Red River 
 campaign, then as far north as Kansas City, Mo., on the raid after Price; 
 went back to New Orleans, and took part in attack and capture of Fort 
 Blakely and Spanish Fort, Mobile; from there to Montgomery, Ala., where 
 he was honorably discharged from service in August, 1865. Is a past 
 junior and senior vice-commander, and at present commander of Grant 
 Post, No. 9, G. A. R., of Modesto, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 DAVID P. SMITH. 
 
 Was born in Morgan County, Ills., July 29, 1829, an< ^ a t the outbreak 
 of the war was a carpenter and builder. Enlisted in Company I, nth 
 Illinois Infantry, August 20, 1861, and served in the ijth Army Corps; 
 was wounded in the right hip February 15, 1862, at Fort Donelson, and 
 on account of disability was honorably discharged, August 14, 1862, at 
 Cairo, 111. Comrade Smith is now a farmer near Reynolds, Neb., but a 
 member of Woodruff Post, No. 113, G. A. R., of Washburn, Ills., having 
 been its chaplain and senior vice-commander. 
 
 W. R. BRADLEY. 
 
 W T as born in Rushford, N. Y., March 10, 1846; a carriage-trimmer by 
 trade, at present a baggage-master. Enlisted in the yth Illinois Cavalry, 
 February, 1864, and served as a private; was attached to the Cavalry Corps 
 of the western department; took part in the battles of Nashville, Camp- 
 bellville, Franklin, Columbia, Guntown, Tupolo, and many skirmishes; 
 was honorably discharged in November, 1865. Comrade Bradley was a 
 member of the first organized post in the United States (Post No. i, 
 Decatur, in 1866), and is at present a member of Decatur Post, No. 141, 
 of Decatur, Ills., of which city he is a resident. 
 
 ROBERT S. HEILFERTY. 
 
 Was born in New York city December 27, 1847; * s a cooper by trade; 
 at present a clerk. Enlisted in the 4th Regiment New York Heavy Artil 
 lery, Company M, February 29, 1864, as a private and served as a corpo 
 ral; was attached to the ist Division of the 2d Army Corps; took part in 
 the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court-house, Cold Harbor, 
 Hatcher s Run, North and South Anna rivers, South Side Railroad, 
 Weldon Railroad, the siege of Petersburg, and all the battles that the 
 
452 
 
 corps engaged in during his term of service; was honorably discharged, 
 September 20, 1864, at Washington, D. C. Comrade Heilferty joined 
 the G. A. R. in February, 1879, in New York city; is at present a mem 
 ber of Farragut Post, No. 75, G. A. R. , of the same place; has occupied 
 the positions of junior vice-commander for three years, senior vice-com 
 mander for two years, and post commander for two years. Is a resident 
 of New York city. 
 
 GEORGE PIERCE LEE. 
 
 Was born at New Bedford, Mass., April 29, 1839, and at the first call 
 for troops enlisted for three months in the 3d Massachusetts Regiment, 
 April, 1861, and at the expiration of term of service was appointed, after 
 examination, an acting master s mate in the navy, and ordered to the 
 U. S. steamer Alabama attached to the South Atlantic blockading squad 
 ron; took part in all the naval engagements around and about Charleston; 
 was successful before a naval examining board, and was promoted to acting 
 master, which rank he retained during the remainder of the war; served 
 on several vessels of the squadron, and was finally transferred to the U. S. 
 steamer Nipsic as executive officer; went north on this vessel, and was 
 placed on waiting orders until honorably discharged from the service at 
 New Bedford, Mass., October 28, 1865. Comrade Lee, after the war, took 
 a trip to South America, and from there came to Calfornia and renewed his 
 medical studies; graduated at the Pacific Medical College; is a resident of 
 Merced, Cal., where he is following his profession of physician and sur 
 geon; joined Hancock Post, No. 104, G. A. R., at Merced, Cal., at its for 
 mation, and is the siirgeon of the post. 
 
 WM. H. McKEAG. 
 
 Was born at Cape May, N. J., August 12, 1845, an< ^ at the outbreak 
 of the war was a school-boy. Enlisted in Company I, 25th New Jersey 
 Infantry, August, 1862, and, at the expiration of his term of service, ree n- 
 listed, December, 1863, in Company A, 3d New Jersey Cavalry; was a 
 private in the infantry and a corporal in the cavalry; served in Custer s 
 Cavalry Division; while in the infantry was in the Army of the Potomac 
 and took part in the battles of Fredericksburg and Suffolk, Va. After 
 re-enlisting took part in Grant s overland campaign from the battle of the 
 Wilderness until after the explosion of the mine at Petersburg, Va., July 
 30, 1864; was in Sheridan s campaign in the Shenandoah Valley, where 
 he received a slight bullet wound; while on scout duty near Winchester 
 was taken prisoner, but escaped, and regained the Federal lines in about 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 453 
 
 two weeks; took part in the grand review at Washington, and was honor 
 ably discharged September, 1865. Comrade McKeag, after the war, located 
 in Madison County, Ills., where he was a deputy sheriff; came to California 
 in 1882, making Los Angeles his home, where he is now a police officer; is 
 an ex-member of Frank Bartlett Post, No. 6, G. A. R., of Los Angeles, 
 and now a charter member and commander of Gelcich Post, No. 106, 
 G. A. R. , located at East Los Angeles. 
 
 JAMES W. VAN HORNE. 
 
 Was born in Otsego County, N. Y., April 14, 1843, all( ^ at the out ~ 
 break of the war was a farmer. Enlisted in Company E, i2ist N. Y. 
 Infantry, April 14, 1862; was in the Army of the Potomac, 6th Corps, 2d 
 Division, Bartlett s brigade, and was in the battles of South Mountain, 
 Hampton s Pass, and Antietam; was honorably discharged, for disability, 
 April 21, 1863; some years after the war comrade Van Home came to 
 California, and is now in the real estate business in Los Angeles; is a mem 
 ber of Frank Bartlett Post, No. 6, G. A. R., located in the above-named 
 city. 
 
 JAMES PRIOR. 
 
 Was born in London, England, September 8, 1837, and at the out 
 break of the war was located in New Hampshire. Enlisted December 4, 
 1863, as a private in Battery B, ist New Hampshire Regiment; for the 
 first six months was detailed as post clerk at Concord, N. H., and from 
 that time until the close of the war was serving in the defenses around 
 Washington and Alexandria; honorably discharged in September, 1865, 
 at Camp Gilmore, N. H. Comrade Prior, after the close of the war, enlisted 
 again for a three years term in the ad U. S. Artillery, and was located on 
 the Pacific Coast from San Francisco to Alaska. Since that time has been 
 in the private walks of life in California, and is now a resident of Los 
 Angeles; is a member of S. K. Warren Post, No. 6, G. A. R., located at 
 Albuquerque, N. M. 
 
 AMOS A. WOOD. 
 
 Was born in Indiana, September 7, 1839; has been a farmer and 
 dentist. Enlisted in Company H, igth Iowa Infantry, September 7, 1862; 
 served as private and ist sergeant in i3th and i6th Army Corps; was 
 attached to the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, Army of the Tennessee; went 
 from Rolla, Mo., down through Springfield; was in the battle of Prairie 
 Grove, Ark., and afterwards took part in the campaign of General Grant, 
 
454 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 through the siege and surrender of Vicksburg; was on sick leave for two 
 months, on account of sunstroke, then rejoined regiment and served until 
 close of the war, taking part in many engagements ending in capture of 
 Mobile; was honorably discharged from service at Davenport, la., 1865; 
 is ex-chaplain and surgeon of Rawlins Post, No. 26, G. A. R., of Elk 
 Falls, Kas. ; at present is quartermaster-sergeant of Grant Post, No. 9, 
 G. A. R., at Modesto, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 J. J. TRAMMELL. 
 
 Was born in Washington County, Ark., June 4, 1848; has been a 
 fanner. Enlisted in Company M, ist Arkansas Cavalry, July 24, 1863; 
 served as private; was in the battles of Jenkin s Ferry and Prairie Grove, 
 Ark. ; first served three months guard duty at Springfield, Mo. ; was sta 
 tioned two years at Fayetteville, Ark., raiding in different portions of the 
 State Ciarksville, Fort Smith, and Van Buren; followed Shelby and Price 
 into Missouri, fighting all the way; was taken prisoner at the battle of 
 Cross Timbers while on picket guard, the remainder of the guard being 
 killed; was a prisoner forty-seven days; paroled at Cadido Gap by Brooks, 
 and finally exchanged at Fayetteville; was then put on detached service 
 until August 31, 1865, when he was honorably discharged at Fayetteville, 
 Ark.; was wounded in the foot; is a member of Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R., 
 of Modesto, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 GEORGE W. . LEE. 
 
 Was born October 20, 1840, in Jefferson County, N. Y. ; is a mechanic; 
 received a common school education; came to California overland when 
 sixteen years old, and joined his father and brother, who had preceded 
 him in 1846; was with Fremont s party; soon afterward joined Proctor s 
 and McMullen s surveying party, and assisted in surveying portions of the 
 C. P. R. R. route; returned East in 1859; went to Petersburg, Va., and 
 engaged in the tobacco business until the outbreak of the war; two brothers 
 fought on the Southern side and two on the Union side. Enlisted in April, 
 1861, in Company E of the loth Ohio Cavalry; took part in the battle of 
 Bull Run and the foot-race to Washington which followed; with others of 
 his regiment volunteered to extend time of enlistment to two years; par 
 ticipated in all of the engagements in which his regiment took part up to 
 April, 1863, when he was wounded by bayonet and captured; was confined 
 in Salisbury Prison for nine months; term of service expired about three 
 months after capture; when released, re-enlisted in Company D of the i86th 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 455 
 
 New York Regiment, and commenced service at the Wilderness and ended 
 at Appomattox, serving in all four years and three months; was in the 
 battles of Shiloh, Fredericksburg, Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, 
 Cold Harbor, Petersburg, and Weldon Railroad; was four times slightly 
 wounded; was honorably discharged in August, 1865; returned to Cali 
 fornia in 1868, and engaged in railroading and gas manufacturing. Com 
 rade Lee is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., of San Jose, Cal., 
 where he resides; is at present officer of the guard of his post. 
 
 EDWARD NAUGHTON. 
 
 Was born in 1844 in Ireland; has been a clerk. Enlisted in 1862 in 
 the 8th New Jersey Infantry, and later in the 3d New Jersey Cavalry; 
 served as private, ist sergeant, and ist lieutenant commission dating 
 June, 1864; was attached to the 2d Army Corps, and while in the cavalry 
 to the ist Cavalry Corps; took part in twenty-seven engagements; was 
 wounded five times, and lost his leg in the Shenandoah Valley; was hon 
 orably discharged after the war. Comrade Naughton is a member of Gar- 
 field Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, Cal., of which place he is at present 
 a resident; has been adjutant and quartermaster of his post. 
 
 AUSTIN C. SHAFER. 
 
 Was born at Mount Ephraim, Noble County, Ohio, May 19, 1844, 
 and at the outbreak of the war was farming. Enlisted in Company D, 
 92d Ohio Infantry, August i, 1862; took part in the battles of Chicka- 
 mauga, Mission Ridge, and all that were fought by Sherman from Chatta 
 nooga to Atlanta; was honorably discharged in June, 1865, at Washington, 
 after participating in the grand review in that city. Comrade Shafer, after 
 the close of the war, went to Iowa, where he graduated from the Iowa State 
 University; in 1872 he w r ent to Los Angeles, Cal., and taught school for 
 several years, he still resides there; is a member of Stanton Post, No. 55, 
 G. A. R. , located at Los Angeles. 
 
 CARL LAUX, JR. 
 
 Was born in Bavaria, Germany, June 24, 1842, and at the outbreak 
 of the war was living in Chicago, Ills. ; was in camp for a short time in 
 that city, and then enlisted in Company D, 5ist Illinois Infantry, January, 
 1862; served in the Army of the West, and Sherman s campaign; was 
 attached to the 4th Corps, 3d Division, and 3d Brigade, being most of the 
 
456 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 time a hospital steward; took part in the battles of Island No. 10, Fort 
 Pillow, Pittsburg Landing, battle of Farmington, siege of Corinth, Nash 
 ville, battle of Stone River, camped a few months in Stevenson, Ala., 
 marched from there to Chattanooga, Term. ; took part in the Atlanta 
 campaign, and after Hood to Nashville; after that battle served in East 
 Tennessee, and from there to New Orleans and Texas; was honorably 
 mustered out at Springfield, Ills., September, 1865. Comrade Lanx, after 
 the war, located in Chicago, where he was a member of George H. Thomas 
 Post, G. A. R., of that city; in 1884 he came to Los Angeles, Cal., where 
 he is now in the drug business, and a member of Stanton Post, No. 55, 
 G. A. R., of that place. 
 
 WINSLOW MALY. 
 
 Was born in Bohemia, Austria, July i, 1843, an< ^ at the outbreak of 
 the war was in Minnesota. Enlisted in Company E, Independent Battal 
 ion, Minnesota Cavalry, August 24, 1864; was in the western department; 
 served in the northwestern frontier against the Indians and guarding 
 frontier settlements; was at Fort Ripley, near the head-waters of the Mis 
 sissippi River, and in November, 1865, he, with the \vhole command, \vas 
 caught in one of the great blizzards of that section of the country; was 
 badly frozen and eye-sight nearly destroyed, and the whole command 
 came near being lost; was honorably discharged from service May i, 1866. 
 Comrade Maly is now following his trade of shoe-maker at Los Angeles, 
 Cal., and is a member of Gelcich Post, No. 106, G. A. R. , of the same 
 place; is adjutant of his post. 
 
 CHARLES EDWARD WILSON. 
 
 Was born in Bradford, Penobscot County, Me., September n, 1839; 
 has been a farmer-boy, and was a school-teacher until 1862; since the close 
 of the war his avocation has been attorney at law; resides, and has prac 
 ticed his profession, in San Francisco, Cal., since 1868. Enlisted in 2d 
 Maine Cavalry, Veteran Volunteers, in November, 1863, and served as a 
 private, quartermaster-sergeant, and sergeant-major until December, 1865, 
 when the regiment was mustered out at Barrancas, Fla. ; the regiment 
 served in the Department of the Gulf from the spring of 1864 until Decem 
 ber, 1865, in Louisiana, Florida, and Alabama; it took part in the Red River 
 expedition (a portion of it), and in several expeditions into the interior of 
 Florida and southern Alabama for the purpose of destroying railroads and 
 army supplies, notably the Pollard raid and the Mariana raid in the summer 
 and fall of 1864, in which sharp engagements were had with the enemy, and 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 457 
 
 the regiment lost considerably in killed and wounded. Comrade Wilson 
 was with the regiment in all of its service except the Red River expedition; 
 joined the Grand Army first as a charter member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, 
 at Stockton, Cal., in 1868, under the old regime; afterward, in 1879, joined 
 George H. Thomas Post, No. 2, at San Francisco; served two terms as 
 judge-advocate of the department of California; in 1882, on staff of Depart 
 ment Commander W. A. Robinson, and, in 1883, on staff of Department 
 Commander J. W. Staples; as judge-advocate inaugurated the system of 
 preserving the decisions; was a representative to the iQth national encamp 
 ment, held at Portland, Me., in June, 1885, and attended the meeting; 
 was elected commander of George H. Thomas Post, No. 2, in January, 
 1886, which position he now holds; was a member of the general com 
 mittee of management, 2Oth national encampment, which met in San 
 Francisco, Cal., in August, 1886, and chairman of the excursion committee. 
 
 EZRA M. HAMILTON. 
 
 Was born in Brown County, Ills., February 22, 1833, and at the out 
 break of the war was a farmer and mason. Enlisted in Company B, ist 
 Minnesota Infantry, July, 1863, all{ ^ was attached to the 2d Brigade, 2d 
 Division, 2d Army Corps, Army of the Potomac; followed the trials and 
 fortunes of that army from the battle of the Wilderness through the over 
 land campaign to Cold Harbor, siege of Petersburg, and the surrender of 
 Lee at Appomattox, and from there to Washington; was present at the grand 
 review; was honorably discharged from the service in July, 1865. Com 
 rade Hamilton is now a resident of Los Angeles, Cal., having served two 
 terms as one of its city councilmen; is a member of Gelcich Post, No. 106, 
 G. A. R., of the above place. 
 
 HARRY KEEHN. 
 
 Was born in Annville, Lebanon County, Pa., January i, 1846, and 
 in May, 1861, when only a boy of fifteen, enlisted at the first call for 
 troops in Company M, ist Pennsylvania Regiment; re-enlisted after the 
 first three months; took part in the first battle of Bull Run, and had two 
 years of active service in Virginia, being in the peninsula campaign of 
 McClellan, and in the battles of second Bull Run, South Mountain, 
 Antietam, Fredericksburg, and Chancellorsville; his second term having 
 expired, after a short visit home, re-enlisted in the 21 3th Pennsylvania 
 Infantry, was assigned to the 2Oth Corps in Tennessee; was orderly-ser 
 geant of his company; slightly wounded in the hai\d by a fragment of a 
 
458 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 shell at the battle of Lookout Mountain; was with Sherman on his march 
 to Atlanta, and from Atlanta to the sea, on through the Carolinas, Rich 
 mond, Va., and to Washington and the grand review; was honorably dis 
 charged in August, 1865; enlisted in the ist U. S. Cavalry, February 22, 
 1866, and served in Washington Territory fighting Indians; was mustered 
 out in December, 1866, for disability. Comrade Keehn is now a resident 
 of Los Angeles, Cal., and a member of Starr King Post, No. 52, G. A. R., 
 located at Santa Barbara, Cal. 
 
 JOHN DELEHANTY. 
 
 Was born in Ireland, May 24, 1840, and is by trade a shoe-maker. 
 Enlisted in Company H, 2d Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, May 10, 1861, 
 for three months, and at the expiration of term, re-enlisted in the same 
 company and regiment for three years; served as a private, corporal, and 
 orderly-sergeant; belonged to the ist Brigade, 4th Division, i4th Army 
 Corps, Army of the Cumberland; took part in the battles of Gauley 
 Bridge, W. Va., Shiloh, Stone River, Perryville, and Chickamauga; was 
 wounded in right arm near shoulder at battle of Stone River; captured at 
 Chickamauga, September 19, 1863, and w r hile a prisoner on the battle 
 field, received a saber cut in right leg between ankle and knee; was 
 retained a prisoner for fourteen months, of which time he spent seven 
 at Andersonville, where he was wounded in the right hand, being fired at 
 by prison guard; was afterward removed to Milieu, Ga. ; was in such a 
 weak condition that he could not walk, but crawled on his hands and 
 knees; from want of food was almost starved; paroled at Savannah, Ga., 
 November 20, 1864, and from there was sent to Parol Camp, at Annapolis, 
 Md. , where he remained until February 16, 1865; mustered out of service 
 at Louisville, Ky., March 2, 1865. Is a member and quartermaster-ser 
 geant of \V. H. L. Wallace Post, G. A. R. , at Santa Cruz, Cal. , where he 
 resides. 
 
 D ARCY M. CASHIN. 
 
 Was born November 3, 1846, in Ireland; has been identified with 
 various mercantile pursuits; a carriage-maker by trade; is at present 
 Recorder of San Francisco County, and is engaged in the wholesale wine 
 and liquor business. Enlisted March 12, 1862, in the ist Connecticut 
 Artillery; re-enlisted March 16, 1863; served as a sergeant in Battery C, 
 and as acting sergeant-major of the 3d Battalion of the same regiment. 
 (This regiment was in the siege-train of the Army of the Potomac; was 
 composed of both heaVy and light artillery, and served with the different 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 459 
 
 corps as needed.) Was present at and took part in the battles of York- 
 town, Chickahominy, Hanover Court-house, Savage Station, Malvern Hill, 
 Drewry s Bluff, Petersburg, the principal battles around Richmond, about 
 fifty artillery duels along the James River and at Petersburg, Petersburg 
 Mine, etc. ; was wounded by shell in the head at Malvern Hill; was hon 
 orably discharged on account of wound, but re-enlisted in the same regi 
 ment six months afterward, and served until the end of the war; was 
 finally mustered out September 25, 1865. Comrade Cash in originally 
 joined the G. A. R. in Lowell, Mass., but has since transferred to San 
 Francisco, where he has served one term as commander of Lincoln Post, 
 two terms as commander of Meade Post, and one term as department 
 inspector; is at present a resident of San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 JOHN WESLEY STILL. 
 
 Was born February 17, 1836, in New Market, Jefferson County, Term. ; 
 has been a real estate agent, and engaged in mercantile pursuits. Enlisted 
 December 28, 1864, in the 8th California Infantry, and served as sergeant 
 and as company and regimental clerk; was honorably discharged Novem 
 ber 24, 1865, a ^ San Francisco, Cal.; was formerly a resident of Kansas, 
 and, in 1856, established, at Baldwin city in that State, The Kansas Mes 
 senger; went to Mexico in 1859, to Colorado in 1860, to Nevada in 1862, 
 and in 1863 to California; since 1879 has resided in Washington Territory; 
 w T as for four years jiistice of the peace at the county-seat of Spokane 
 County, Washington Ty. ; w r as the founder of the town of Colville, in 
 Stevens County, and was connected with the laying-out of the towns of 
 Fairweather and Davenport, in Lincoln County, Washington Ty. Com 
 rade Still is a member of George Wright Post, G. A. R. , of Cheney, 
 Washington Ty. , and at present a resident of Oakland, Cal. 
 
 HINSON GUNTER. 
 
 Was born in Greencastle, Putnam County, Ind., May 5, 1845, 
 has been a farmer; is at present a viticulturist. Enlisted first in Company 
 B, 27th Missouri Infantry, in September, 1861, and was discharged in 
 February, 1862, by reason of disability, arising from a severe attack of 
 measles; re-enlisted in Company M, 3d Iowa Cavalry, in June, 1863; 
 served as a private; three of his brothers enlisted with him in the 3d Iowa; 
 served in the Department of Missouri and Department of Mississippi, and 
 was attached to Wilson s cavalry command; was in the battles of Browns 
 ville, Bayou Metoe, Little Rock, Bentonville, Pine Bluffs, Arkadelphia, 
 
460 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Ark., Salisbury, Term., Salem, Miss., Gun town, Tupelo, and Oldtown 
 Creek; in the action at the last-named place had a foot crushed by plung 
 ing of a horse, necessitating the amputation of some of his toes, for which 
 injury he receives a pension; until thus laid up was never absent from 
 company a day, nor missed an action in which his company was engaged; 
 as soon as fit for active service reported for duty, and remained with com 
 pany until after the close of the war, being mustered out at Atlanta, Ga., 
 August 9, 1865; on return to private life engaged in farming at his old 
 home in Iowa until 1882, when he came to California; is a member of 
 John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal. , where he resides. 
 
 HENRY B. MULLINS. 
 
 Was born in London, England, September 19, 1823, an< ^ ^ s a tailor 
 by trade. Enlisted in Company H, ijoth New York Volunteers, August 
 26, 1862, for three years, or during the war; served as a private for five 
 months; was then appointed issuing clerk and acting brigade qiiarter- 
 master-sergeant; belonged to General Michael Corcoran s legion; recom 
 mended for promotion to 2d lieutenant, but before commission was made 
 out was taken sick with fever from exposure, and sent to general hospital 
 at Hampton, Va.; the effects of the disease were such as to leave him unfit 
 for active service, and, in consequence, he was discharged at Fortress 
 Monroe, Va., October 31, 1863, on surgeon s certificate of disability. Is 
 a member of Lincoln Post, No. i; G. A. R. , at San Francisco, Cal., where 
 he resides. 
 
 JAMES PETTITT. 
 
 Was born in Polk County, Tenn., March 6, 1840, and at the outbreak 
 of the war was engaged in farming. Enlisted in Company E, 6th Ten 
 nessee Volunteer Infantry; served as a private; the regiment was organized 
 within the Union lines in Kentucky, and composed of Tennessee Union 
 ists, many of whom, like young Pettitt, traveling 400 miles from their 
 homes amidst Secessionists to join it, and from apprehension of being inter 
 cepted and made prisoners coming in squads of two or three together, so 
 as not to attract attention; belonged to the 23d Army Corps; took part in the 
 battles of Stone River, Missionary Ridge, and a number of other engage 
 ments; was wounded in action at Lost Mountain by a minie-ball through 
 right arm; sent to hospital at Murfreesboro, Tenn.; while convalescing 
 joined General Van Cleve s command, and assisted in successfully resist 
 ing the attack of the Confederate general Wheeler; afterwards with Gen 
 eral Milroy when he captured some 800 of the command of the Confederate 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 461 
 
 general Forrest; rejoined regiment at Kinston, N. C., and proceeded 
 with it, skirmishing the whole distance to Goldsboro, N. C. , where 
 junction was formed with General Sherman s army; was mustered out at 
 Nashville, Tenn. , April 27, 1865; engaged in merchandising at Cleve 
 land, Tenn., until 1873, when he removed to California, and since has 
 been variously employed superintendent of water-works at Gilroy, then 
 with Sail Jose water company, and at present constable of Santa Clara 
 County; is a member of Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal., 
 his place of residence. 
 
 JOSEPH V. DODDS. 
 
 Was born October 5, 1838, in Montgomery County, Ohio; has been, 
 and still is, a farmer. Enlisted August 13, 1862, in the 22d Iowa Infantry, 
 and served as a private; was attached to the i3th and igth Army Corps; 
 took part in the battles of Port Gibson, siege of Vicksburg, siege and 
 battle of Jackson, Miss., Winchester, Fisher s Hill, and Cedar Creek, Va. ; 
 was honorably discharged from the service August 3, 1865. Comrade 
 Dodds is a member of McPherson Post, G. A. R., of Hanford, Tulare 
 County, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 GEORGE. S. MERRILL. 
 
 Was born March 10, 1837, in Methuen, Mass.; after a common school 
 education learned the printer s trade, and in 1860 was editor and sole pro 
 prietor of the Lawrence American, which position he still occupies; was 
 for eight years president of the Massachusetts Press Association; was com 
 missioned ist lieutenant of Company B of the 4th Massachusetts Volun 
 teers, September 6, 1862, and was promoted to captain, December 8th 
 following; was with the Banks expedition to Louisiana, and took part in 
 the siege of Port Hudson and other operations in that department; in 
 1863 was especially commended for bravery in rescuing the steamer 
 Louisiana Belle from capture by guerrillas; was mustered out August 28, 
 1863; has been postmaster of Lawrence, Mass., for twenty years; was for 
 five years a member of the city council, two years its president, and is a 
 trustee of the Public Library; from 1866 to 1869 was adjutant of the 6th 
 Regiment, Massachusetts Militia, four years captain of the 4th Battery of 
 Light Artillery, and since then major of the ist Battalion of Light Artillery. 
 Comrade Merrill is a member of Needham Post, G. A. R., of Lawrence, 
 Mass., where he resides; was a charter member of his post, and its first 
 commander; was department commander in 1875, and Coinmander-in- 
 Chief of the G. A. R. in 1881; for the past five years has been chairman 
 
462 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 of the National Grand Army Pension Committee; of the twenty national 
 encampments held, he has attended eighteen; is a member of the military 
 order of the Loyal Legion, of which he was for several years a member 
 of the council, and then senior vice-commander; has also been commander 
 of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery of Boston, an organization charted 
 in 1638. 
 
 WOODARD HODGSON. 
 
 Was born July 5, 1846, in Au Sable Forks, Clinton County, N. Y.; 
 has been an engineer, is at present a railroad constructor. Enlisted 
 November 3, 1861, in the ist U. S. Sharpshooters(Berdan s)and served as 
 a private, corporal, sergeant, 2d lieutenant, and captain, commissions dat 
 ing May 22, 1864, and September 20, 1864; was attached to the 5th and 
 3d Army Corps, afterwards consolidated with the 2d Corps; took part in 
 the battles at Big Bethel, siege of Yorktown, skirmish at White House, 
 battles of Hanover Court-house, Fair Oaks, Peach Orchard, Savage 
 Station, White Oak Swamp, Charles City Cross-roads, Federicksburg, Chan- 
 cellorsville, Gettysburg, Kelly s Ford, Paine s Farm, Wilderness, Spottsyl- 
 vania (six days skirmishing), North Anna, Cold Harbor, Shady Grove 
 Church, Petersburg (skirmishing five days), Jerusalem Plank Road, Deep 
 Bottom, Oak Grove Church, Reams Station, Mine Run. Ellis Ford, 
 Boy den Plank Road; was wounded three times: ist, gunshot wound in 
 head at Charles City Cross-roads; 2d, gunshot wound in the face at Chan- 
 cellorsville; and last, gunshot wound in head at Mine Run; was honorably 
 discharged at Petersburg at the close of the war. Comrade Hodgson is a 
 member of James B. McKean Post, of Salt Lake City, Utah, where he 
 resides; has been junior vice-commander of his post. 
 
 THOMAS H. HOWE. 
 
 Was born March 7, 1846, in Lyme, Conn. ; has been a sailor and 
 engaged in other avocations; is at present engaged as a salesman. 
 Enlisted February 15, 1863, in the ySth New York Infantry, afterwards 
 known as the io2d Infantry from the same State; served as a private; was 
 brevetted 2d lieutenant January u, 1867; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 
 2d Division, 2Oth Army Corps; took part in Sherman s campaign up to 
 Atlanta; was wounded in leg and taken prisoner in battle of Peach Tree 
 Creek, July 20, 1864; was imprisoned at Andersonville for over three 
 months; when, with others, having volunteered to act as nurse for sick com 
 rades, was, with them, put on board a train to take them to Milieu, Ga., 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 463 
 
 when nearly at their destination, lie, with one comrade, escaped by jump 
 ing from the swiftly moving train; fortunately neither was severely injured; 
 from that time until April, 1865, when he reached the Federal lines, he 
 was wandering in the swamps endeavoring to reach the Union Army, 
 being assisted and supported by colored people during those five months, 
 a full account of which has recently been published; was honorably dis 
 charged June 21, 1865; was one of the principal witnesses at the trial of 
 Wirtz the keeper of Andersonville; since the war has lived in various 
 places; in October, 1867, after his return home, was appointed postmaster 
 of Greenville, Hudson County, N. J.; is at present a resident of San Fran 
 cisco, Cal., and a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of that place. 
 
 ELEAZER J. YOUNG. 
 
 Was born March 26, 1843, m Lincolnville, Waldo County, Me.; has 
 been a farmer, carpenter, machinist, and general mechanic; is at present a 
 wagon and carriage maker. Enlisted June 5, 1861, in Company H of the 
 4th Maine Volunteers; served as a private and as musician; was attached 
 to the ist Brigade, ist Division, 3d Army Corps; took part in the battle 
 at first Bull Run, was on the Peninsula with McClellan, and all of the 
 principal engagements of the Army of the Potomac, until honorably 
 discharged, July 19, 1864. Comrade Young is a member of Kearsarge 
 Post, G. A. R., of Ukiah, Mendocino County, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 FREDERICK BRANDT. 
 
 Was born in Denmark in 1835, and is a house-painter by trade; came 
 to the United States in 1863. Enlisted in Company F, 35th Massachusetts 
 Infantry, in July, 1863, and re-enlisted in Company A, i4th U. S. Infan 
 try, September 4, 1865; served as a private, corporal, duty-sergeant, and 
 orderly-sergeant; during first enlistment was attached to the 2d Brigade, 
 ist Division, 9th Army Corps; was engaged in the battles of Fredericks- 
 burg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Vicksburg, Port Hudson, Wilderness, 
 Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor, siege of Petersburg, W T eldon 
 Railroad, and Jerusalem Plank Road; in the latter action was wounded 
 in left knee by fragment of shell and taken prisoner; sent to Libby Prison 
 at Richmond, Va., and was in confinement five months before being 
 paroled and exchanged; rejoined regiment before Petersburg, Va. , in 
 February, 1865, and was wounded in shoulder by rifle-shot while on picket; 
 continued on duty participating in all the actions thereafter until the 
 surrender at Appomattox; on his re-enlistment in the I4th U. S. Infantry, 
 
4(>4 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 was stationed for a time in California, and then in Arizona and New 
 Mexico, where detachments of the regiment were engaged in scouting 
 and Indian skirmishes; was finally mustered out at Fort Yuma, Ari 
 zona, September 4, 1868, by expiration of term of service; on returning 
 to private life resumed his trade at Los Angeles, Cal. , where he resided 
 from 1868 to 1870, then went to Illinois, where he remained until 1884, 
 when he again returned to California. Is a member and officer of the 
 guard of Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal., where he now 
 resides. 
 
 ALFRED SOLOMON ISAACS. 
 
 Was born January 21, 1837, in Russia; has been in the express and 
 printing business; is at present a speculator in diamonds. Enlisted in 
 November, 1861, in the 95th N. Y. Infantry, and served as private, ser 
 geant, and color-bearer; was attached to the 2d Brigade, ist Division, ist 
 Army Corps, and to the 4th Division of the 5th Corps; was breve tted ad 
 lieutenant; took part in the battles at Cedar Mountain, White Sulphur 
 Springs, Gaines Mills, second Bull Run, Chantilly, South Mountain, 
 Antietam, Lovettsville, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysbiirg, 
 Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court-house, Bethesda Church, Laurel Hill, 
 Charles City Cross-roads, Petersburg, and Weldon Railroad; was wounded 
 at Antietam and Gettysburg; was captured at Gettysburg and detained 
 three days. Comrade Isaacs first joined the G. A. R. .in 1866, and is at 
 present a member of James A. Garfield Post, G. A. R. , of San Francisco, 
 Cal., where he resides; has been surgeon, sergeant-major, adjutant, assist 
 ant inspector, and junior vice-commander of his post. 
 
 GEORGE HENRY PRESCOTT. 
 
 Was born in New Haven, Conn., March 6, 1840, and has been a sea 
 faring man; his present occupation is whip-making; at the age of eighteen 
 went to sea in a whaling-ship, and spent four years in Arctic whaling; 
 then went into the merchant service, and at twenty-three years of age was 
 second mate of a ship, when he was appointed master s mate in the United 
 States Navy August 9, 1864; served in the United States steamers Juniata 
 and Susquehanna; was in the two attacks on Fort Fisher, serving in the 
 last attack in the assaulting party of sailors and marines, having volun 
 teered for that purpose, and also in the naval bombardment of Charleston, 
 S. C. ; was honorably discharged August n, 1866; his resignation was not 
 at first accepted, on account of his having been recommended for promo 
 tion; re-entered the merchant service and made a voyage to Valparaiso, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 465 
 
 Chili, as first officer of the ship, on the return voyage acting as master, 
 the captain of the vessel being incapacitated from duty in consequence of 
 a paralytic stroke shortly after leaving port; served afterwards in the steam 
 mercantile marine, being first officer in the Atlantic coasting steamers Old 
 Dominion, Savannah, Havana, and the vessels of the Pacific Mail Steam 
 ship Company; in 1873 left the sea and settled down at Westfield, Mass., 
 where he at present resides; is a member of Lyon Post, No. 41, G. A. R., 
 at that place; has been post quartermaster, aid-de-camp to department 
 commander, and is now post commander. 
 
 HERBERT R. STARKHOUSE. 
 
 Was born August 23, 1844, in Jefferson County, N. Y. ; is a mechanic. 
 Enlisted in August, 1864, in Company G, loth New York Heavy Artillery, 
 and served as a private until the close of the war; was mustered out in 
 July, 1865; was attached to the 5th Provisional Brigade, 5th Army Corps; 
 was wounded at the battle of Bermuda Hundred. Comrade Starkhouse 
 is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 ELI M. LASHBROOKS. 
 
 Was born in Gouverneur, St. Lawrence County, N. Y., August i, 
 1831, and is a carpenter and building contractor. Enlisted in Company 
 D, 2d Wisconsin Cavalry, in 1862; served as a private; spent his entire 
 term of service in Missouri and the southwest portion of that State guard 
 ing railroad property and bridges, hunting guerrillas and bushwhackers, 
 with whom the company was engaged in frequent skirmishes; constantly 
 on the move, without tents or quarters, exposed to unseen foes, the duty 
 was arduous and hazardous, though in contrast with greater operations 
 almost thankless, not being generally appreciated; honorably discharged 
 at Rowley, Wis., in August, 1863; is a member of Phil Sheridan Post, 
 G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 McKENDREE N. DODGE. 
 
 Was born April 7, 1844, in Rockland, N. Y. ; was a farmer before the 
 war; since and at present a merchant. Enlisted August 22, 1862, in Com 
 pany C of the i43d N. Y. Infantry, and served as corporal and sergeant; 
 was in the defenses of Washington during the winter of 1862-63; was 
 then sent to Suffolk, Va., thence to West Point, Yorktown, White House 
 Landing, to Washington and Frederick city, Md., following up the retreat 
 
 2 E 
 
460 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 of Lee, after which was transferred to the army of the west; was in the 
 engagement at Wanhatchie, and with Sherman in his campaigns until the 
 close of the war; was in the battle of Resaca, and was wounded at Peach 
 Tree Creek, and at the battles of Averysboro and Bentonville; was honor 
 ably discharged July 20, 1865. Comrade Dodge is a member of W. T. 
 Morgan Post, G. A. R., of Rockland, N. Y.; has been commander of his 
 post since 1882. 
 
 JOHN S. KOUNTZ. 
 
 Was born in Richfield Centre, Lucas County, Ohio, March 25, 1846; 
 attended school until fourteen years of age, then worked in a flour-mill 
 until September 30, 1861, when he enlisted as a drummer-boy in Com 
 pany G, 3/th Ohio Volunteer Infantry; served first in the Army of West 
 Virginia and afterwards in the 3d Brigade, 2d Division, i5th Army Corps; 
 took part in the battles of Princeton and Fayetteville, W. Va., Vicksburg, 
 Jackson, and Haines Bluff, Miss., and Mission Ridge, Tenn. ; was severely 
 wounded in the last-named action November 25, 1863. A description of 
 the battle contains the following account: " When the drum corps of the 
 37th Ohio was ordered to the rear preparatory to the charge, the little 
 drummer-boy threw away his drum, and, falling in with his company, was 
 wounded in the first assault, being shot in the left leg and left on the field 
 under the enemy s guns, until rescued by a comrade of the company to 
 which he belonged." The bones were so much shattered as to necessitate 
 the amputation of his leg. This episode has been made the subject of a 
 poem by Mrs. Kate B. Sherwood, entitled, "The Drummer Boy of Mis 
 sion Ridge," which has been recited the country over, and by which 
 sobriquet comrade Kountz is generally known among his comrades of the 
 Grand Army. He was honorably discharged from service April 25, 1864. 
 
 Upon return to civil life attended school for a year and then accepted 
 a position in the office of the county treasurer; when twenty-five years of 
 age was elected treasurer of Lucas County, and at the expiration of his 
 term of office was chosen recorder; is now engaged in the fire insurance 
 business at Toledo, Ohio, his place of residence; has been connected with 
 the G. A. R. since its organization in 1866; was the first adjutant of For- 
 syth Post at Toledo, serving three terms; afterwards vice-commander, and 
 then quartermaster-general of the department; was three times elected 
 commander of Forsyth Post, one of the largest in the State, and in 1881 
 was chosen department commander; during his term established over 160 
 posts and increased the membership from 1,950 to over 8,000; was elected 
 Commander-in-Chief of the G. A. R. at the national encampment (i8th) 
 held at Minneapolis, Minn., in July, 1884; during his official term visited 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 467 
 
 thirty-four departments and traveled over 30,000 miles in the interests of 
 the order; the only States not visited by him were Florida, Arkansas, and 
 New Mexico. One of the features of his administration was in reference to 
 the bearing of the Grand Army to the Catholic Church, and the obtaining, 
 through a special committee appointed for that purpose, of which General 
 Rosecrans was chairman, the expression of opinion from the highest 
 authorities of the church, " that the Society of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic, as now organized and conducted, is not in the ecclesiastical 
 meaning of the phrase, a secret society; and that Catholics may with all 
 good conscience belong to it." 
 
 In the presidential contest which occurred during his official term, he 
 called the attention of comrades to the absolute necessity of keeping poli 
 tics away from Grand Army matters. He issued a general order on the 
 subject in which he said: "While it must be conceded by all that no class 
 of citizens have a higher right to freely express their political opinion and 
 take part in the campaign as their convictions shall dictate than those 
 who through unselfish patriotism went forth to save the nation, yet the 
 Commander-in-Chief deems it his duty to remind comrades that the Grand 
 Army of the Republic is strictly non-partisan." 
 
 The small button worn in the left lapel of the coat as a mark of 
 membership in the Grand Army was adopted during the administration of 
 Commander-iii- Chief Kountz. 
 
 H. A. GORLEY. 
 
 Was born in Uniontown, Pa.; has been a printer, and is at present a 
 merchant; at the outbreak of the Mexican War joined Company H, ad 
 Pennsylvania Volunteers, as drummer-boy, being then fourteen years of 
 age; was shortly afterward sent home sick. In 1857 was commander of 
 the Fulton Guards, in Vermont, Fulton County, Ills., and tendered the 
 company s services to the governor of the State to aid in the suppression 
 of civil strife in Kansas; in 1860 commanded the San Jose, Cal., Volun 
 teers; when the Rebellion broke out, in 1861, offered the company s serv 
 ices to the governor of California, who accepted them; was ordered to San 
 Francisco, and mustered into the service of the United States September 
 i, 1861; was commissioned, September 10, 1861, captain Company D, ist 
 California Infantry, which afterward formed part of the column from Cal 
 ifornia; marched from Los Angeles to the Rio Grande under General 
 Carleton; disarmed Sho waiter s rebel command, after its capture, at Fort 
 Wright, Southern California, by Lieutenant Hellman s cavalry and his 
 company, in January, 1862; took command of Camp Wright after Show- 
 alter s capture, and discovered that the rebel officer had been a former 
 
468 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 school-mate. June n, 1862, left Camp Wright with one-half of his com 
 pany for Fort Ynma on the Colorado River, taking a portion of the rebel 
 prisoners with him; after marching eight days, having faced sand-storms 
 and undergone other trials, arrived at the fort without the loss of a man; 
 resigned to take a position in the 86th Pennsylvania Regiment, but was 
 deprived of the privilege, on account of a law of the State requiring all 
 promotions to be made from the ranks of Pennsylvania troops, then in the 
 field; commanded the Union Guard of San Francisco in 1865; was presi 
 dent of the Society of California Volunteers in 1872, and commanded the 
 Grant Guard of San Francisco. Comrade Gorley is a member of General 
 McDowell Post, G. A. R. , San Rafael, Cal., where he now resides. 
 
 HARRISON McCOY. 
 
 A resident of Stockton, Cal., was born in Iowa in December, 1840;. 
 has been a lumberman and cigar dealer. Enlisted September, 1861, in 
 Company E, 4th California Regiment, and served as a private in California 
 and Washington Ty. Comrade McCoy is a member of Rawlins Post, 
 No. 23, G. A. R., Department of California, at his place of residence. 
 
 SAMUEL HENERY. 
 
 Was born June 24, 1842, at Steubenville, Ohio; has been engaged in 
 steamboating. Enlisted in the U. S. Navy and served as an engineer in 
 the Mississippi squadron; was in the battles at Nashville and Johnson- 
 ville; was honorably discharged in the fall of 1865. Comrade Henery is a 
 member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, G. A. R. , of Stockton, Cal., his present 
 place of residence; has been post commander. 
 
 V. A. TAMBLING. 
 
 Was born February 25, 1820, in St. Lawrence County, N. Y. ; is a 
 carpenter by trade. Enlisted April 20, 1861, in the nth Illinois Infantry, 
 a three months regiment; was mustered out at the expiration of term of 
 service, and re-enlisted in Company C of the 53d Illinois Infantry October 
 25, 1861, for three years; was discharged January i, 1864, on account of 
 re-enlistment in the U. S. Veterans; was again discharged as ist sergeant 
 November i, 1864, to accept promotion to 2d lieutenant of Company G, 
 1 3th U. S. Colored Infantry; after the battle of Nashville was recom 
 mended for promotion to ist lieutenant, and was so commissioned; during 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 469 
 
 this varied service he served in the i5th, lyth, and 25th Army Corps; 
 took part in the battles of Hatchie River, siege of Corinth, siege of Vicks- 
 burg, the battle of Nashville, and others; was finally mustered out of serv 
 ice January 10, 1866. Comrade Tambling is a member of Lincoln Post, 
 G. A. R. , of San Francisco, Cal., where he resides; has been for several 
 years and still is chaplain of his post. 
 
 GEORGE M. TURNER. 
 
 Was born November 16, 1842, in Providence, R. I.; is a machinist by 
 trade. Ejilisted in Company A, 3d Rhode Island Heavy Artillery, and 
 served as private, corporal, and sergeant; took part in the battles of Port 
 Royal, siege of Charleston, Popotaligo, etc. ; was honorably discharged 
 August 31, 1864. Comrade Turner is a member of Slocum Post, G. A. R., 
 of Providence, R. I., where he resides. 
 
 GEORGE STONEMAN. 
 
 Was born in the town of Busti, Chautauqua County, N. Y., August 8, 
 1822. Entered the United States military academy at West Point as a cadet 
 in 1842, and, on graduating, July i, 1846, was appointed brevet 2d lieuten 
 ant, i st Dragoons; 2d lieutenant, July 12, 1847; served during the war with 
 Mexico in New Mexico and California, and for a time acted as adjutant of the 
 Mormon Battalion, which had been mustered into the service of the United 
 States for duty on the Pacific Coast; promoted to ist lieutenant, July 25, 
 1854; regimental adjutant, ist Dragoons, October 22, 1854; on the addi 
 tion of two regiments of cavalry and two of infantry to the Regular Army 
 in 1855, was among the officers selected for promotion, and assignment to 
 the new regiments; commissioned captain, 2d Cavalry now the 5th Cav 
 alry, in the rearrangement of the mounted regiments March 3, 1855; 
 major, ist Cavalry, May 9, 1861; lieutenant-colonel, 3d Cavalry, March 30, 
 1864, and, on the reorganization of the Regular Army after the war, was 
 appointed colonel of the 2 ist Infantry; brevetted colonel United States 
 Army, December 18. 1862, "for gallant and meritorious services in the 
 battle of Fredericksburg, Va. ;" brevet brigadier- general, March 13, 1865, 
 " for gallant and meritorious services in the capture of Charlotte, N. C.; * 
 brevet major-general, March 13, 1865, "for gallant and meritorious serv 
 ices in the field during the war." Was appointed brigadier-general of vol 
 unteers, August 13, 1861, and major-general of volunteers, November 29, 
 1862; mustered out of volunteer service, September i, 1866; served with 
 the 3d and 23d Infantry Corps, and in command of the Cavalry Corps, 
 
470 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Army of the Potomac; was in every battle of the Army of the Potomac 
 to, and including, the battle of Chancellorsville; and under generals 
 McClellan, Burnside, and Hooker; with General Sherman from Chatta 
 nooga to Atlanta; commanded in many cavalry raids and expeditions, both 
 while connected with the Army of the Potomac and with that under General 
 Sherman; was military governor of Virginia in 1869; in command of the 
 military department of Arizona in 1872, and was during this period retired 
 from active service at his own request, making his home at his orange and 
 vineyard ranche, at San Gabriel, near Los Angeles, Cal. Has, since his 
 retirement, served two terms as a member of the board of railroad com 
 missioners, also as a member of the board of United States commissioners 
 of Indian affairs, and, in 1882, was elected governor of the State of Cali 
 fornia. His term of office ended January i, 1887. Governor Stoneman 
 is a member of Frank Bartlett Post, No. 6, G. A. R., at Los Angeles, Cal. 
 
 JOHN G. EDWARDS. 
 
 Was born in Boone County, Ind., January 25, 1846; has been a farmer, 
 and is at present a publisher and the editor of the Coast Revieiv. Enlisted in 
 Company D, 72d Indiana Mounted Infantry, in December, 1862, in which 
 he served as a private; was attached to brigade of mounted infantry in 
 Wilson s Cavalry Corps; took part in the battles of Stone River, Chicka- 
 mauga, Nashville, Franklin, Lookout Mountain, Perryville, Jonesboro, 
 Rome, Atlanta, Kenesaw Mountain, Selma, Ala., Rome, Ga., and many 
 skirmishes; mustered out at Indianapolis, Ind., October 5, 1865. Is a 
 member of Lyon Post, No. 8, G. A. R., at Oakland, Cal., his place of 
 residence. 
 
 HORATIO ROGERS. 
 
 Was born May 18, 1836, in Providence, R, I.; graduated at Brown 
 University in 1855; is a lawyer by profession; was, from 1873 to 1885, 
 engaged in the manufacture of cotton goods. Enlisted in the 3d Rhode 
 Island Heavy Artillery and served as ist lieutenant, captain, major, colonel, 
 and brevet brigadier-general, commissions dating as follows: ist lieutenant, 
 August 27, 1861; captain, October 9, 1861; major, August 18, 1862; colonel 
 of the nth Rhode Island Volunteers, December 27, 1862; colonel of the 2d 
 Rhode Island Volunteers, January 31, 1863, and brevet brigadier-general, 
 March 13, 1865; was attached to the loth and i8th Army Corps and to the 
 2d Brigade, 3d Division, 6th Corps; took part in the battles at Fort Pulaski, 
 Secessionville, Popotaligo, 2d Fredericksburg, Salem Heights, Gettysburg, 
 Rappahannock Station, and Mine Run; resigned from the service January 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 471 
 
 14, 1864; has been a member of the common council of Providence for 
 four years, a part of the time its president; was a member of the general 
 assembly of Rhode Island for three years, attorney-general of the same 
 State from 1864 to 1867; wrote and published the book entitled "The 
 Private Libraries of Providence, R. I.," and edited "Hadden s Journal 
 and Orderly Books." Comrade Rogers is a member of Prescott Post, 
 G. A. R., of Providence, R. L, where he resides; has been department 
 commander of Rhode Island and is the senior past department commander 
 living. 
 
 WILLIAM PARSONS. 
 
 Was born at Eagle Prairie, Wis. , March 24, 1843; nas been a mer 
 chant and farmer, and is at present engaged in fruit culture. Enlisted, in 
 1861, in Company H, I3th Wisconsin Infantry, and was promoted to 
 corporal and sergeant; was attached to General Gordon Granger s com 
 mand, and took part in the battle of Fort Donelson and other engage 
 ments; \vas attacked by sickness in January, 1864, and re-enlisted in 1865 
 in Company K, 8th Regiment, Hancock s Veteran Volunteers; was finally 
 discharged in 1865. Comrade Parsons is a member of John A. Dix Post, 
 G. A. R., which he joined, in 1883, in San Jose, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 HENRY W. HANSON. 
 
 Was born in Halifax, Eng. , October 13, 1837; is a plumber and gas- 
 fitter by trade. Enlisted in nth Iowa Regiment, Company H, October n r 
 1861; was attached to the ist Division, 3d Brigade, i6th and i7th Army 
 Corps ; took part in the battles of Shiloh, Corinth, luka, Vicksburg, 
 and other engagements; received a gunshot wound in the left shoulder at 
 Shiloh, but again reported for duty as soon as the wound was dressed; was 
 honorably discharged, October u, 1864, at Davenport, la. Comrade 
 Hanson joined John A. Dix post, No. 42, of San Joss, in 1883, and is a 
 resident of that city. 
 
 JOHN C. JORDAN. 
 
 Was born June 14, 1843, ^ n Adams, Hillsdale County, Mich.; has 
 been a farmer and telegraph operator; is at present a minister. Enlisted 
 August 31, 1861, and re-enlisted in February, 1865 first in Company C, 
 nth Michigan Volunteers, and later in Company G of the loth Michigan 
 Cavalry; served as a private and as a non-commissioned officer; was 
 attached to the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, I4th Army Corps, and to Stone- 
 man s cavalry; took part hi the battles at Galatin, Stone River, Duck 
 
472 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 River, Murfreesboro, Nashville; Henry Court-house, High Point, and 
 Salisbiiry; carried the dispatch to General Wilson (at Macon, Ga.) which 
 sent the 4th Michigan Cavalry out after Jeff Davis and who captured him; 
 rode eighty miles in twenty hours in carrying that dispatch; was with 
 Stoneman in his long raid at the close of the war; was honorably discharged 
 in November, 1865. Comrade Jordan is a member of Atlanta Post, 
 G. A. R., of Fresno, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 SILAS P. ADAMS. 
 
 Was born in Lexington, Mass., July 24, 1842; is a butcher by occu 
 pation. Enlisted in the U. S. Navy, in July, 1863, and served as seaman 
 in the South Atlantic blockading squadron until September, 1864, the 
 date of his honorable discharge. Comrade Adams resides in Stockton, 
 Cal., and is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of that place. 
 
 FRANK A. MERRILL. 
 
 Was born in Bangor, Me., September i, 1848; was formerly a boat- 
 builder and teamster, and is at present a lumberman. Enlisted in February, 
 1865, but the surrender of Lee brought the war to a close, before he could 
 enter active service; was honorably discharged May 23, 1865, at Augusta, 
 Me. Comrade Merrill is a member of John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., of 
 San Jose", Cal., where he resides. 
 
 H. R. COFFEY. 
 
 Was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, June 22, 1825; * s a mechanic. 
 Enlisted in May, 1864, in Company H of the i32d Illinois Infantry, and 
 served as a duty-sergeant; attached to the Department of the Southwest; 
 was honorably discharged in October of the same year. Comrade Coffey is 
 a member of E. O. C. Ord Post, No. 82, G. A. R., of Los Gatos, Cal., of 
 which place he is a resident. 
 
 CAMERON HAYES. 
 
 Was born in Blair County, Pa., December 14, 1863; has been a fanner 
 and is at present a blacksmith. Enlisted in the nth Illinois Infantry, 
 October 17, 1861, and re-enlisted December 8, 1863; served as private and 
 corporal; was attached to the iyth Army Corps; took part in the battles of 
 Fort Donelson, Shiloh, Corinth, Hatchie, Champion Hills, Grand Gulf, 
 Raymond, Yazoo City, Clinton; Spanish Fort, the siege of Vicksburg, etc.; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 473 
 
 was wounded by a rifle-shot on the right side of the head; was honorably 
 discharged April 10, 1866, at New Orleans. Comrade Hayes joined Farns- 
 worth Post, No. 53, at Evanston, Wyoming Ty., department of Colorado, 
 and has occupied the position of officer of the guard. He now resides at 
 San Jose, Cal. 
 
 ALBERT GALLATIN BRACKETT. 
 
 Was born February 14, 1829, ^ n Cherry Valley, Otsego County, N. Y.; 
 removed to Indiana in 1846, and became 2d lieutenant in the 4th Indiana 
 Volunteers in the Mexican War; was promoted to ist lieutenant within a 
 month; was attached to Lane s brigade, and took part in the skirmishes 
 at Paso de Ovejas and La Hoya, the battle of Huamantla, the siege of 
 Puebla, and the bombardment of Atlixco, in 1847; was honorably dis 
 charged, July 1 6, 1848; re-entered the service, March 3, 1855, and was com 
 missioned captain in the 2d U. S. Cavalry; took part in the engagement 
 and defeat of the Lipans (Indians) on the Guadalupe River, in March, 1856; 
 the Comanches at Arroyo de las Encinas, and near Presidio de San Vicente, 
 Chihuahua, in 1859, on which occasion he received the thanks of General 
 Scott; was engaged in suppressing the Cortinas troubles near Brownsville, 
 and along the Rio Grande frontier in 1860; at the outbreak of the Civil 
 War, went to Key West, thence to Havana, and from there to New York; 
 refitted and went to Washington, took part in the battles of Blackburns 
 Ford and Bull Run; was promoted as follows: colonel, gth Illinois Cavalry, 
 October 26, 1861; brevetted major, June 28, 1862, for gallant and merito 
 rious service in the campaign in Arkansas; major, ist U. S. Cavalry, July 
 17, 1862; brevet lieutenant-colonel, September i, 1864, for gallant and 
 meritorious service during the Atlanta campaign; mustered out of volun 
 teer service, October 26, 1864; brevet colonel, March 13, 1865, for gallant 
 and meritorious service during the war; lieutenant-colonel, 2d U. S. Cavalry, 
 June 9, 1868, and colonel, 3d Cavalry, March 20, 1879; during the war, 
 was present at and took part in the actions at Waddell Farm, Stewart s 
 Plantation, Cache Bayou, Memphis & Charleston Railroad, siege of 
 Atlanta, the battle of Ezra Church, and Nashville; was severely wounded 
 at Stewart s Plantation; was chief of cavalry, Department of Missouri, in 
 1862-63; commanded the 2d Brigade, Cavalry Division, i6th Army Corps, 
 Army of the Tennessee, in January and February, 1864; in July, 1864, 
 was acting inspector-general of cavalry, and special inspector of cavaly, 
 for the Cavalry Bureau, Army of the Cumberland; after the war went to 
 New Orleans, and thence by sea to San Francisco in command of the ist 
 Cavalry; has commanded several posts in the departments of California 
 and Columbia, and the district of Nevada and Summit Lake; assisted in 
 
474 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 quelling the Pi-Ute Indian disturbances in 1866-67-68; was stationed at 
 Fort McPherson, Nebraska, in March, 1869; in Montana during May, 
 June, and July the same year, and held a council with the Crow Indians 
 and distributed goods to them on the Yellowstone River in December fol 
 lowing; was ordered to Omaha, thence to Fort Bridger, and from there to 
 Camp Stambaugh, Wyoming, 1872-73, where he commanded the district 
 of Wind River, and operated against the Sioux Indians; while in com 
 mand of Fort Steele quieted disturbances among coal-miners at Carbon; 
 was ordered to Fort Sanders in Wyoming, and thence, in 1877, with troops 
 to Fort Custer, which post he helped to construct; commanded the district 
 of the Yellowstone in 1879. From October to December, 1879, was ^ n the 
 field operating against the Ute Indians; was in command of Fort Laramie, 
 and then Fort Russell, Wyoming, from July 1879 to 1882; when he 
 was ordered with his regiment to Arizona to operate against the Apaches; 
 was in command of field operations against the Apaches in July and 
 August, 1882; was superintendent of Mounted Recruiting Service at 
 Jefferson Barracks, Mo., October, 1882, to October, 1884; commanded his 
 regiment at Whipple Barracks, Arizona, 1884 to 1885, when he marched 
 the 3d cavalry through Arizona, New Mexico, and part of Chihuahua, 
 Mex., to Fort Davis, Texas, his present command. Comrade Brackett is 
 a member of John Buford Post, G. A. R., of Rock Island, Ills. 
 
 ELI FROST. 
 
 Was born September 18, 1838, in Wyandotte County, Ohio; received 
 a good education; was a clerk previous to the war. Enlisted August 22, 
 1862, in Company A of the i23d Ohio Infantry, and served through the 
 war; was honorably discharged June 12, 1865; since the war was for a 
 time in the employ of Adams express company; is at present a dealer 
 in groceries and provisions at Frederick, Md., where he resides. Com 
 rade Frost is a member of Reynolds Post, G. A. R., No. 2, department 
 of Maryland; has been quartermaster-sergeant, junior vice-commander, 
 senior vice-commander, and is at present commander of his post. 
 
 ROGOALD E. WHITEFIELD. 
 
 Was born in Albany, N. Y., February 8, 1843; nas followed the 
 banking business, and is at present a clerk. Enlisted in the 4oth N. Y. 
 Regiment, May, 1861; was a drummer at the battle of Williamsburg, but 
 threw the drum away and shouldered a musket; was attached to Birney s 
 brigade, Kearny s division, 3d Army Corps; participated in the battles 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. ^475 
 
 of Bull Run, Yorktown, Williamsburg, Fair Oaks, Malvern Hill, etc. ; 
 was wounded several times, though never seriously; at Harrison s Land 
 ing occupied the position of hospital steward; was honorably discharged 
 in 1863, in Philadelphia, on account of disability. Comrade Whitefield is 
 a member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 2, of San Francisco, where he 
 resides. 
 
 PHILIP WARD. 
 
 Was born in April, 1843, m Dublin, Ireland; was in the grocery busi 
 ness. Enlisted, in 1864, in the 4th Connecticut Cavalry, and later in 
 the U. S. Navy; served on board the steamer Augusta. Was a member 
 of Warren Post of Sacramento, Cal. Died in June, 1886. 
 
 JEREMIAH SULLIVAN. 
 
 Was born in Cork, Ireland, January 12, 1830; has been a farmer and 
 seaman, and is at present a seaman in the U. S. Navy. Shipped on board 
 the gunboat CJiippcwa at New York, and was rated quarter-gunner; took 
 part in the battles at Fort Wagner, Morris Island, etc. ; was honorably dis 
 charged at Philadelphia, November 21, 1864. Comrade Sullivan joined 
 Farragut Post, No. 4, of Vallejo, Solano County, Cal., July, 1886. 
 
 GEORGE W. WORTH EN. 
 
 Was born May 22, 1844, at West Charleston, Vt. ; has been a farmer 
 and school-teacher, and at present is an horticulturist. Enlisted in Com 
 pany H, 1 5th Vermont Infantry, August 22, 1862; was attached to the 
 22d and ist Army Corps; was engaged in the battle of Gettysburg, and 
 other actions; was honorably discharged at Brattleboro, Vt. , September 22, 
 1863. In 1886 comrade W^orthen joined Phil Sheridan Post, No. 7, of 
 San Jose, where he resides. 
 
 THOMAS B. COULTER. 
 
 Was born March n, 1845, in Apollo, Pa.; has been a banker; is at 
 present a stock-farmer. Enlisted April 27, 1861, in Company G of the 
 nth Pennsylvania Infantry, and served as a private, and later on as a 
 private in the signal corps; was attached to the 2d Brigade, 2d Division, 
 ist Army Corps; took part in the battles at Mechanicsville, Games Mills, 
 2d Bull Run, Antietam, South Mountain,Opequon, and Cedar Creek; was 
 severely wounded in the left leg and jaw at the battle of Antietam; was 
 
476 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 honorably discharged at the general hospital Frederick city, Md., March 
 10, 1863; re-enlisted and served in the U. S. Signal Corps, from which he 
 was honorably discharged November n, 1865; since the war has been a 
 banker, farmer, and treasurer of Kane County, Ills. Comrade Coulter joined 
 Aurora Post, G. A. R., department of Illinois, in 1876, and was its com 
 mander from 1876 to 1880, senior vice-department commander in 1878, and 
 department commander in 1879. 
 
 E. HOFERS. 
 
 Was born August 6, 1844; is a commercial traveler by occupation. 
 Enlisted in the U. S. Navy and served on board the U. S. steamer Brit- 
 tania as steward and clerk; was attached to the North Atlantic blockading 
 squadron and took part in the engagement at Fort Fisher; was in several 
 engagements with the Confederate ironclad Albemarle; was honorably 
 discharged in September, 1865. Comrade Hofers is a member of Rawlins 
 Post, No. 23, G. A. R., of Stockton, Cal., of which place he is a resident. 
 
 CHARLES FRANKLIN MATTESON. 
 
 Was born March 20, 1835, in Floyd, Oneida County, N. Y. ; went to 
 Warren County, Ills., in 1837; removing to Galesburg in the same State 
 in 1850. Enlisted April 19, 1861, in Company E of the i7th Illinois 
 Infantry; served with regiment in Missouri as sergeant during the fall of 
 1861; took part in the battle at Fort Donelson; was wounded at the battle 
 of Shiloh, and was present at and during the siege of Corinth; was shortly 
 afterwards ordered North on recruiting service, and was transferred to the 
 iO3d Illinois, then forming at Peoria, and was commissioned ist lieutenant 
 of Company G; proceeded to West Tennessee with his regiment, and joined 
 General Grant s army in its march towards Vicksburg, stopping at Water- 
 ford until January, 1863; returning to Jackson, Tenn., remained there 
 until March 3d, and thence to La Grange, Tenn., June loth; was then 
 ordered to Vicksburg; after the surrender was at Jackson, Miss.; was on 
 leave of absence from September 8th to November 4th; while at Memphis 
 was placed in command of Company B; at luka was detailed to act as 
 regimental quartermaster; was with his regiment in the Chattanooga cam 
 paign; after which he remained as quartermaster in charge of the i5th 
 Army Corps Hospital; went into winter quarters at Scottsboro; acted as 
 inspector-general of a provisional brigade from I5th Army Corps at Buz 
 zard s Roost; at the beginning of the Atlanta campaign was detailed as 
 acting assistant quartermaster of the 4th Division of the I5th Army Corps, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 477 
 
 and was in charge of the advance ordnance-train of that corps; at the close 
 of the campaign was made acting assistant quartermaster of the i5th Army 
 Corps; arrived at Savannah, and December i4thwas made acting assistant 
 quartermaster of the military division of the Mississippi; master of marine 
 transportation; in charge of marine shops and supplies, receiving everything 
 in the way of supplies that came from the North for the army; was general 
 confiscating officer; March 14, 1865, was ordered to Morehead City, N. C., 
 as master of marine and railroad transportation; May 9, 1865, went to 
 Alexandria, Va., as receiving officer; was shortly afterwards ordered to 
 rejoin his regiment; was commissioned captain, June 6, 1865; during this 
 varied service was present at over twenty-eight battles and numerous skir 
 mishes; was mustered out of service, June 21, 1865. Comrade Matteson 
 is a member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 5, G. A. R., of Chicago, Ills., 
 where he resides; served one year as senior vice-commander and one year 
 as commander of his post; attended the national encampments at Denver, 
 Minneapolis, Portland, and San Francisco, as alternate delegate; is at 
 present aid-de-camp on the staff of the department commander. 
 
 FRANCIS McPHEE. 
 
 Was born September n, 1837, on Prince Edward s Island, Dominion 
 of Canada; has been a farmer, ship carpenter, and sailor. Enlisted in 
 April, 1861, in the 5th Maine Infantry, and served as a private; was 
 attached to the Army of the Potomac; took part in the first battle of Bull 
 Run; thence proceeded to the Peninsula under McClellan, and took part 
 in the siege and battle of Yorktown, the battles of West Point, Mechan- 
 icsville, Fair Oaks, the seven days fight, commencing at Culpeper Court 
 house and ending at Malvern Hill, second Bull Run, South Mountain, 
 Harper s Ferry, and Antietam; was honorably discharged January 3, 1863. 
 Comrade McPhee is a member of McPherson Post, G. A. R., of Hanford, 
 Tulare County, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 E. S. STOVER. 
 
 Was born in the town of Rockland, Knox County, Me., November 22, 
 1836; has been a sailor, mechanic, and merchant; emigrated to Kansas in 
 1858. Enlisted in Company B, 2d Kansas Infantry, May 14, 1861, at the 
 call of troops for three months service; re-enlisted in 2d Kansas Cavalry, 
 November 8, 1861; served as a private, corporal, and sergeant; was pro 
 moted to ist lieutenant of cavalry, December 16, 1861, and captain, 
 November 29, 1863; participated in the battles of Forsythe and Spring 
 field, Mo., Cain Hill, old Fort Wayne, Prairie Grove, Van Buren, and 
 
47 S RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Sabine River, Ark. ; belonged to the 7th Army Corps, and was in all the 
 campaigns and engagements under generals Lyon, Schofield, Blunt, Her- 
 ron, and McNeil, west of the Mississippi River; was continuously in active 
 service from 1861 to 1865; never had leave of absence or was one day on 
 sick-list; in the last two years of the war had command of an independ 
 ent battery of artillery; honorably discharged at Lawrence, Kas. , in Sep 
 tember, 1865; elected to the Kansas Legislature from Davis County in 1866, 
 to the State senate in 1870, and lieutenant-governor of Kansas in 1872; 
 removed to Colorado in 1875, and to New Mexico in 1877. Comrade 
 Stover is a member of G. K. Warren Post, G. A. R., at Albuquerque, 
 N. M., where he resides, and is the department commander of New Mexico. 
 
 WILLIAM MOORE. 
 
 Was born August 30, 1833, in Pennsylvania; has been engaged in 
 various occupations; is at present a farmer. Enlisted August 2, 1861, in 
 Company I of the 4th Iowa Infantry, and served as a private; was attached 
 to the Army of the Southwest; took part in the battles at Sugar Creek, 
 Pea Ridge, and Cotton Plant; was wounded in skirmish on White River, 
 and was wounded slightly three times at Pea Ridge, in leg and in face. 
 Comrade Moore is a charter member of McPherson Post, G. A. R., of Han- 
 ford, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 JACOB MILLER. 
 
 Was born in Cassville, Huntingdon County, Pa., May 27, 1833; is a 
 house carpenter by trade. Enlisted August 13, 1862, in the io7th Illinois 
 Infantry, and served as a private; was transferred to Company K, ist 
 Illinois Light Artillery; served with the 23d Army Corps; went with 
 Burnside s command from Kentucky into East Tennessee, and took part 
 in the engagements at Blountville, Bean s Station, and Walker s Ford on 
 Clinch River; battery went into camp at Knoxville as reserve artillery, and 
 remained there until mustered out of service, in June, 1865. Comrade 
 Miller is a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, of Stockton, Cal., his place 
 of residence. 
 
 JOHN THOMPSON. 
 
 Was born in Sweden, in 1842; has been a sailor and farmer. Enlisted 
 in August, 1863, in Company C, 5th Connecticut Infantry; was attached 
 to the ist Division, 2oth Army Corps; joined the Army of the Potomac 
 on the Rappahannock River; served in Tennessee in 1863-64; partici 
 pated in the Atlanta campaign up to the battle of Dallas; was disabled by 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 479 
 
 moon blindness; rejoined regiment some months later at Nashville, and 
 participated in the battles at that place; thence to Dalton, Ga. , and finally, 
 via Nashville and Washington, to Wilmington, N. C. , where he served 
 until the close of the war; was honorably discharged in August, 1865, at 
 Hartford, Conn. Comrade Thompson is a charter member of W. R. 
 Cornman Post, No. 57, of San Bernardino, where he resides. 
 
 WILLIAM McBRIDE. 
 
 Was born April 22, 1844, in Quebec, Canada; is a laborer. Enlisted 
 April 19, 1861, in Company B of the 2d New Jersey Infantry, and served 
 as a private; re-enlisted September 27, 1864, in Battery B of the 3d New 
 Jersey Artillery; was attached to the ist Brigade, ist Division, 6th Army 
 Corps; took part in the first battle of Bull Run; was in the Peninsula 
 campaign with McClellan; then in second Bull Run battle, Crompton s 
 Gap, Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Wilderness, 
 Spottsylvania, and the siege of Petersburg; was honorably discharged 
 June 22, 1865; is at present a resident of Sacramento, Cal. 
 
 GEORGE L. SMITH. 
 
 Was born September 23, 1840, in Barrington, R. I.; has been a clerk, 
 farmer, U. S. custom-house inspector and weigher, and is at present a 
 ganger and measurer. Enlisted June 5, 1861, in the 2d Rhode Island 
 Volunteers, and served as a private; was promoted to 2d lieutenant March 
 n, 1862, ist lieutenant, November 28, 1862, and captain, 3d Regiment, 
 Rhode Island Heavy Artillery, January 15, 1864; took part in the battles 
 at ist Bull Run, James Island, Popotaligo, and at the shelling of Charles 
 ton; was wounded by explosion of a 32-pounder (James rifle) while shell 
 ing the enemy on the mainland back of Hilton Head Island, S. C. ; was, 
 in consequence, disabled for seven months; was honorably discharged 
 October 5, 1864. Comrade Smith is a member of Prescott Post, G. A. R., 
 of Providence, R. I. , and a resident of Nayatt Point in the same State. 
 
 CHARLES E. MERRIAM. 
 
 Was born in Princeton, Mass., January 22, 1845; ^ s a nierchant at 
 Hopkinton, la., where he served as postmaster for sixteen years, and as 
 treasurer of Lenox College. Enlisted, September 9, 1861, in Company K, 
 1 2th Iowa Infantry; was attached to the i5th and i6th Army Corps, and 
 was promoted to sergeant; took part in the battles of Fort Donelson, Fort 
 
480 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Henry, Shiloh, Vicksburg, Jackson, Tupelo, Raymond, Nashville, Span 
 ish Fort, etc.; was wounded in the leg by a musket-ball at Vicksburg, May 
 22, 1863, and in the thigh and wrist at Tupelo, Jnly 14, 1864; was taken 
 prisoner at Shiloh, but afterwards exchanged; was honorably discharged 
 at Memphis, January 20, 1866. Comrade Merriam joined the G. A. R. at 
 Hopkinton in 1867, and was commander of the post, which was afterwards 
 reorganized under the name of W. A. Roberts Post, of which he is yet a 
 member, and which he has at times represented as delegate to the national 
 encampments. 
 
 J. B. AMERMAN. 
 
 Was born in New York city January n, 1840; a clerk by occupation. 
 Enlisted in Company B, ;th Regiment, New York State Militia, March 
 15, 1860; at the breaking out of the war went with his regiment to Wash 
 ington; re-enlisted in the spring of 1862, and again in 1863; took part in 
 quelling the riots in New York in 1863; also in the Orange riots; served 
 nearly twenty years in the yth Regiment; was awarded a bronze medal 
 for long and faithful services; came to California in 1883; is a member of 
 George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 SAMUEL W. LUITWIELER. 
 
 Was born in Rochester, N. Y., April 9, 1847; is a dealer in wagons 
 and agricultural implements. Enlisted in Company I, ist New York 
 Veteran Cavalry Regiment, September 24, 1863, and was corporal and 
 quartermaster-sergeant; was attached to the Army of West Virginia, and 
 ensraeed in the battles of New Market. Piedmont, Leetown, Monocacv, 
 
 O O - 7 
 
 Charlestown, Halltown, etc. ; was honorably discharged, July 20, 1865, at 
 Camp Piatt, W. Va. Comrade Luitwieler joined Stanton Post, No. 55, 
 G. A. R., August, 1886, at Los Angeles, his present place of residence. 
 
 GEORGE O. EDDY. 
 
 Was born in Philadelphia, Pa., November 23, 1844, and is by occu 
 pation a manufacturer of rubber goods. Enlisted in the 3d Rhode Island 
 Regiment; was attached to the loth Army Corps; was commissioned 2d 
 lieutenant August 27, 1861; ist lieutenant, March n, 1862; and subse 
 quently declined a captain s commission; was for a long time on detached 
 duty with Company E of the 3d U. S. Artillery; took part in the battles 
 of Hilton Head, Fort Pulaski, James Island, Morris Island, the sieges of 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 481 
 
 Fort Wagner, Fort Sumter, and battle of Olustee, Fla. ; at Olustee, Feb 
 ruary 20, 1864, was wounded gunshot wound in right leg, and in 
 consequence of such disability was honorably discharged March 27, 1864. 
 Comrade Eddy is a member of Babbitt Post, G. A. R., of Bristol, R. L, 
 where he resides; was a delegate to the twentieth national encampment at 
 vSan Francisco, Cal. 
 
 HENRY C. WELLS. 
 
 Was born in Wethersfield, Conn., September 24, 1832, and until the 
 last few years has been a clerk. Enlisted in the ist Connecticut Cavalry 
 November 21, 1861; took part in the battles of Cross Keys, South Mount 
 ain, and 2d Bull Run; was honorably discharged from the service at 
 Chester, Pa. Comrade Wells joined the G. A. R. in 1877, and has been 
 qiiartermaster-sergeant of Lyon Post, G. A. R. , of Oakland, Cal., where 
 he resides. 
 
 LEROY B. WEAVER. 
 
 Was born in Chenango County, N. Y., August 28, 1831; has been a 
 harness-maker. Enlisted in April, 1861, in Company A of the 6th Cali 
 fornia Regiment (three months men) ; re-enlisted in Company A, ist 
 Battalion Mountaineers of California, April i, 1863, and served as a duty- 
 sergeant; was stationed in the Department of California, and engaged in 
 Indian warfare; mustered out in May, 1865. Comrade Weaver is a mem 
 ber of Rawlins Post, No. 23, G. A. R., of Stockton, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 GEORGE W. OUSLEY. 
 
 Was born in Edgar County, Ills., October 15, 1831; is at present 
 engaged in fruit-raising; at eighteen years of age came to Humboldt 
 County, Cal., and opened a harness manufacturing shop. At the outbreak 
 of the war left for his former home to enter the Union service; on the way 
 was taken ill of pneumonia, from the effects of which he did not recover 
 for more than a year; returned to California in 1862, enlisted, and was 
 commissioned captain in the ist Battalion, California Mountaineers, Feb 
 ruary 9, 1863; was engaged continuously in Indian warfare. In August, 
 1863, his command attacked a band of fifty-one Indians, killing forty- 
 nine, and wounding another, only one escaping; raised a company of 
 volunteers, and was commissioned captain ; took command of the post at 
 Gaston, garrisoned by 300 men, and was constantly on active duty; Feb 
 ruary, 1864, proceeded to Camp Anderson, Redwoods, where the same 
 kind of service was performed; during term of service encountered the 
 
 2F 
 
482 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Indians in force twelve times, besides countless small engagements. Cap 
 tain Ousley devised his own mode of warfare against the Indians, dividing 
 his men into squads, and hunting the enemy; at Gaston, by this method, 
 in a month s time killed sixty Indians, secured all their guns and ammu 
 nition; this strategy herded the Indians together, and thus they were 
 attacked in numbers successively, and with such success, that they were 
 almost exterminated; in September, 1864, what remained of the bands 
 surrendered unconditionally; was wounded in the right leg at Wilder 
 Creek, by a rifle-ball; is a pensioner; was honorably discharged, May 13, 
 1865. Comrade Ousley is a member of Phil Sheridan Post, No. 7, of 
 San Jose, his place of residence. 
 
 CHARLES HETTRICK. 
 
 Was born in Germany, February 3, 1843; ^ s a tailor by trade. Enlisted 
 in August, 1861, and served as a private in the 2ist New York Regiment; 
 was attached to the i8th Army Corps, and shared its victories and reverses; 
 was honorably discharged in September, 1863. Comrade Hettrick is a 
 member of Antietam Post, G. A. R. , of Petaluma, Cal., his place of resi 
 dence. 
 
 ALBERT W. FISHER. 
 
 Was born at Sunbury, Pa. r November 4, 1835; is a physician and 
 surgeon; received his education in the high school and academy of his 
 native place; was in the drug business for several years; graduated in 1861 
 from the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia. Enlisted in October, 
 1861, in the 57th Pennsylvania Regiment, of w r hich he was assistant sur 
 geon; was attached to the army of McClellan and took part in all its 
 engagements in West Virginia; was honorably discharged in 1862. Com 
 rade Fisher is a member of Forsyth Post, G. A. R., of Toledo, Ohio, 
 where he resides; has been surgeon of his post; was for several years 
 health officer and is at present U. S. Marine Surgeon of the port of 
 Toledo. 
 
 WILFRED BYWATER. 
 
 Was born in Sheffield, England, November 25, 1845; has been a 
 fanner. Enlisted in November, 1861, in Company K of the gist Penn 
 sylvania Infantry, and served as private and sergeant; was attached to the 
 5th Army Corps; first served in Washington and Alexandria until Sep 
 tember, 1861, then joined the Army of the Potomac and took part in the 
 battle of Antietam; thence to the battle of Fredericksburg, the mud 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 483 
 
 inarch, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg; was laid up for several months 
 on account of disability; rejoined the army in March, 1864, and took part 
 in the battles at Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, and the siege of Petersburg; 
 was wounded in left leg by bullet at Preble s Farm, September 30, 1864; 
 after recovery took part in the battles at Hatcher s Run and Five Forks; 
 was present at the surrender of General Lee, his brigade being the one 
 that received the arms of the Confederate soldiers at Appomattox. Com 
 rade By water is a member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R. , of Stockton, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 AMOS LUNT. 
 
 Was born in Newburyport, Mass., August 16, 1846; is a policeman 
 in Santa Cruz, Cal., where he resides. Enlisted in the 3d Massachusetts 
 Regiment in 1864, and was honorably discharged at Boston, Mass., at 
 close of the war. Comrade Lunt is a member of W. H. L. Wallace Post, 
 G. A. R., of Santa Cruz, Cal. 
 
 JAMES A. LINSCOTT. 
 
 Was born in Jefferson, Lincoln County, Me., December 20, 1845; 
 has been a lumberman; is at present a grain speculator. Enlisted in the 
 2d Maine Cavalry, December 3, 1863, and served as a private; was honor 
 ably discharged in December, 1865. Comrade Linscott is a member of 
 R. L. McCook Post, G. A. R., of Watsonville, Cal., wliere he resides. 
 
 F. WINTER. 
 
 Was born in Nassau, Germany; is a lawyer by profession. Enlisted 
 in the 75th Pennsylvania Infantry; was commissioned captain, August 8, 
 1861; re-enlisted, and served through the war; was honorably discharged, 
 December 15, 1865. Comrade Winter is a member of John A. Rawlins 
 Post, G. A. R. , of Washington, D. C.; his residence is at Front Royal, Va. 
 
 NORMAN SCOTT HAMUN. 
 
 Was born at Bloomsburg, Columbia County, Pa., September 30, 1834; 
 is by profession a physician and surgeon. Enlisted in the i8th Missouri 
 Infantry, August 17, 1861; was ist lieutenant, surgeon and acting brigade 
 surgeon; was attached to General Prentiss division, Army of the Ten 
 nessee; took part in the battles of Shiloh, Shelbina, Hurricane Creek, etc. ; 
 commanded his company two months in defense of an exposed portion of 
 
484 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad; resigned, on account of disability, 
 September 30, 1862; was appointed by President Lincoln surgeon of the 
 Board of Enrollment for the 4th congressional district of Iowa; was 
 honorably discharged May 9, 1865. Comrade Hamlin is a charter member 
 of Corinth Post, No. 80, G. A. R. , of Marysville, where he resides; is sur 
 geon of his post and medical director of the department of California; 
 was a delegate to department encampment at Sacramento, February 20, 
 1886. 
 
 WILLIAM EDWIN TAYLOR. 
 
 Born near Richmond, Va. , December 7, 1837; collegiate education at 
 Winchester Academy, Winchester, Va. ; graduated in medicine from Win 
 chester Medical College, Va., April, 1859; passed examination before U. S. 
 Naval Medical Examining Board in Philadelphia, May, 1859; commis 
 sioned assistant surgeon, U. S. Navy, July 3, 1859; duty on board U. S. 
 steamer Savannah, Gulf Squadron, from October, 1859, until December, 
 1860; duty onboard \J. S. steamer .SV. Mary" 1 s, Pacific Fleet, from January, 
 1861, until June, 1862; examined for promotion at Philadelphia, August, 
 1862; promoted to passed assistant surgeon, August 22, 1862; promoted 
 to surgeon, September 5, 1862; from September until December, 1862, on 
 duty at U. S. Naval Rendezvous and Naval Asylum, Philadelphia; block 
 ade duty off Wilmington, N. C. , in U. S. steamers Iroquois and Tuscarora, 
 in 1863-64; from 1864 until 1866, duty on board U. S. receiving ship 
 Ohio, Boston, Mass. ; April, 1866, ordered to U. S. monitor Miantonomoh 
 at New York; special cruise to Europe in this vessel, which carried Assist 
 ant Secretary of the Navy, G. V. Fox, as special envoy to present to his 
 Majesty, the Emperor of Russia, the resolutions of Congress, congratulating 
 him on his escape from assassination; this was the first monitor that ever 
 crossed the Atlantic; after an extensive cruise to various ports in Europe, 
 the monitor returned to the United States by way of the West Indies, 
 arriving in Philadelphia in 1867; from July, 1867, until October, 1868,011 
 waiting orders; December, 1868, reported for duty at Mare Island Navy 
 Yard, California; detached from Mare Island, October, 1871, and ordered 
 to U. S. steamer Petisacola, Pacific Fleet; detached from Pcnsacola at 
 Panama, November, 1872; ordered to the United States steamer Saranac, 
 at San Francisco, December, 1872; detached from Saranac, November, 
 1874, and ordered to Mare Island Navy Yard; promoted to medical inspector, 
 December 31, 1876; detached from Mare Island, October, 1878, and placed 
 on w r aiting orders; resided in Vallejo from October, 1878, until February, 
 1881; placed on retired list U. S. Navy as medical inspector, January, 
 1881, on account of an injury received in line of duty at Mare Island, in 
 
GRAND ARMY OP THE REPUBLIC. 485 
 
 1875; since February, 1881, lie has resided in San Francisco, Cal. ; lie 
 was appointed professor of principles and practice of surgery, medical 
 department, University of California, 1881; appointed professor of princi 
 ples and practice of surgery, dental department, University of California, 
 1882, and is a prominent member of the following associations and socie 
 ties, etc.: Member of Naval Library, Cronstadt, Russia, August 7, 1866; 
 life member Imperial River Yacht Club, Cronstadt, Russia, August 26, 
 1866; member River Yacht Club, St. Petersburg, Russia, August 26, 1866; 
 honorary member Russian Merchants Society for Mutual Assistance, St. 
 Petersburg, Russia, 1866; member National American Medical Associa 
 tion, 1871; fellow American Surgical Association, 1884; honorary member 
 State Medical Society, California, 1871; member State Medical Society, 
 California, 1886; president San Francisco County Medical Society, 1885-86; 
 member San Francisco Medical Benevolent Society, 1871; honorary mem 
 ber Odontological Society, California; member Alumni Association Uni 
 versity of California; Military Order Loyal Legion of the United States; 
 one of the vice-presidents of Section of Military and Naval Surgery, ninth 
 International Medical Congress for 1887, and member California Historical 
 Society. Comrade Taylor is a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, No. 2, 
 G. A. R. , located at San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 THOMAS CONVERSE KENDALL. 
 
 Was born in Boston, Mass., September i, 1828; his occupations in 
 life have been various: sailor, tanner, farmer, cattle-dealer, and at present 
 eneao-ed in the real estate business; in the first vear of the War of the 
 
 c> O 
 
 Rebellion was employed in the military service of the Government as a 
 scout, and during this period was in several engagements in Virginia and 
 Maryland; commissioned captain of Company B, 2ist New Jersey Volun 
 teer Infantry, August i, 1862; belonged to the 3d Brigade, 2d Division, 
 6th Army Corps, Army of the Potomac; was in the battle of Fredericks- 
 burg, December 13, 1862, the famous mud march shortly afterwards, the 
 battles of Marye s Heights, Salem Church, and the second Fredericksburg. 
 Captain Kendall commanded the skirmish line when, late in the afternoon, 
 the Confederate forces, flushed with success at Chancellorsville, made their 
 desperate assault along Fredericksburg Heights on the 6th Army Corps, 
 then commanded by General John Sedgwick; the captain had his right 
 leg so badly shattered by a ball that it necessitated its amputation below 
 the knee, after being wounded he was taken prisoner, and remained such 
 for eight days, when he was paroled and sent to the Union lines on the 
 Falmouth side of the Rappahannock River; the amputation performed by a 
 
486 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Confederate surgeon had to be repeated, and before recovery he had 
 undergone three amputations; in September, 1863, was commissioned by 
 President Lincoln a captain in the Veteran Reserve Corps, attached to the 
 McClellan Hospital at Philadelphia, Pa., as senior military officer and 
 military assistant to medical directory of the department of Pennsylvania; 
 received the commission of major, but, owing to the close of the war, was 
 never mustered as such; resigned in Jiily, 1865; came to California in 
 1875, and settled at San Bernardino, where he has ever since resided; has 
 been quartermaster on the staff of General Rowell, National Guard of 
 California; was a charter member of W. H. Long Post, G. A. R., at 
 San Bernardino, since changed in name to W. R. Cornman Post, No. 57, 
 department of California. 
 
 FRANK B. CULVER. 
 
 Was born in Hudson, N. Y., October 22, 1833; * s a printer by 
 occupation. Enlisted in April, 1861, in Company G, 8th Ohio Infantry; 
 re-enlisted in i23d Ohio Infantry and commissioned 2d lieutenant, Sep 
 tember 24, 1862, and was promoted to ist lieutenant, March 6, 1863; was 
 attached to the 8th and 24th Army Corps; took part in the battles of 
 Moorefield, Winchester, and other engagements ; at the last place was 
 made a prisoner, and confined eleven months in Libby Prison, and seven 
 months in other prisons; November 30, 1864, made his escape, and, after 
 traveling 400 miles, finally reached the Union lines at Charlestown, East 
 Tennessee; was honorably discharged April 6, 1865. Comrade Culver is 
 a member of Stanton Post, No. 55, G. A. R., of Los Angeles, Cal., where 
 he resides. 
 
 JAMES W. STAPLES. 
 
 Was born in New Bedford, Mass., July 17, 1838; when seventeen 
 years old attended public schools in New York and Brooklyn; entered the 
 employ of the New York & Erie Railway Company (auditor s department), 
 where he remained until 1861; December 2, 1861, enlisted as a private 
 in the 78th New York Infantry; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 2d Divi 
 sion, 1 2th Army Corps; was promoted to sergeant-major, April 24, 1862; 
 captain, September 17, 1862; and acting assistant inspector-general, 
 March 4, 1863; participated in the battles of Cedar Mountain, Sulphur 
 Springs, second Bull Run, Antietam, and a number of lesser engagements; 
 resigned April 7, 1863, on account of business obligations at home; arrived 
 in California in May, 1869; since which time has been engaged in the 
 insurance business, as special agent and adjuster, and is at present manager 
 of the Scottish Union and National Insurance Company, of Edinburgh; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 487 
 
 National Fire Insurance Company, of Hartford, and the Oregon Fire and 
 Marine Insurance Company, of Portland; April 3, 1878, enlisted in Com 
 pany F, Second Artillery, National Guard of California, and was soon 
 after appointed ist lieutenant and paymaster on the staff of Colonel Smed- 
 berg, of that regiment; resigned, July 14, 1880, on accoimt of business; 
 April 17, 1886, was appointed major and brigade-quartermaster on the 
 staff of Brigadier-General W. H. Diniond, commanding the 2d Brigade, 
 California State Militia. Comrade Staples is a member of George H. 
 Thomas Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, Cal., where he resides; and is 
 past department commander, a member of the Loyal Legion of the United 
 States, and of the Society of the Army of the Potomac. 
 
 A. P. SHELDON. 
 
 Was born in West Rupert, Vt. , December 24, 1841; has been a 
 farmer. Enlisted, August, 1862, in the I4th Vermont Regiment; was 
 attached to the 2d Vermont Brigade, 22d Army Corps, then later to the 
 ist Vermont Brigade; was honorably discharged, July 31, 1863. Com 
 rade Sheldon is a member of Win. J. Fuller Post, G. A. R. , of Dorset, Vt. , 
 and is a resident of West Rupert, Vt. 
 
 J. W. SWAYSGOOD. 
 
 Was born in Summit County, Ohio; is a farmer by occupation. 
 Enlisted in the 88th Indiana Infantry, August 7, 1862, and served as a 
 private; was attached to the ist Brigade, ist Division, i4th Army Corps; 
 took part in the battles of Perryville, Stone River, etc. ; was honorably 
 discharged, February 27, 1863. Comrade Swaysgood is a member of 
 Meade Post, G. A. R., of Butler, Ind., where he resides. 
 
 MARVIN W. GREEN. 
 
 Was born at Hallsport, Allegany County, N. Y., September i, 1840; 
 was a farmer, and is at present a builder and carpenter. Enlisted in Com 
 pany E, i3oth New York Infantry, August 19, 1862; was a private through 
 out the war; took part in all the battles in and around Suffolk, Va. , in 
 1863; also in other minor engagements; his regiment was transferred to 
 the cavalry, and known as the ist New York Dragoons; was attached to 
 the ist and 3d Army Corps; was afterwards detailed to Company K, ist 
 U. S. Horse Artillery; participated in all the battles during Grant s cam 
 paign in 1864; was in Wilson s raid around Richmond and Petersburg; 
 
488 
 
 and, his battery being captured, the command was ordered to Washington, 
 where another battery was procured; was sent to the Shenandoah Valley, 
 and took part in the battles of Front Royal, Berry ville, Winchester, Fisher s 
 Hill, Port Republic, and Cedar Creek; was honorably discharged July, 
 1865, at Rochester, N. Y. Comrade Green is a member of Halleck Post, 
 No. 19, G. A. R., of Chico, Cal., and is at present a resident of San Fran 
 cisco, Cal. 
 
 WILLIAM L. LEE. 
 
 Was born at Saluda, Jefferson County, Ind., August 6, 1866; is a 
 farmer. Enlisted in the 3d Indiana Cavalry, August 22, 1861; served as a 
 private; took part in the battles of Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellors- 
 ville, and Gettysburg; was wounded near Hagerstown, Md.; was honorably 
 discharged, August 22, 1865. Comrade Lee is a member of J. E. Fonts 
 Post, G. A. R., of Saluda, Jefferson County, Ind., his place of residence. 
 
 HENRY J. BROWER. 
 
 Was born in Elizabeth town, Hamilton County, Ohio, May 15, 1833; 
 by occupation a mining superintendent. Enlisted at Sacramento, Cal., 
 October 31, 1861, in Company A, of the 5th California Infantry, and 
 served as a private until December, 1863, when he was honorably dis 
 charged at Fort Yuma. Comrade Brower is a member of Lyon Post, 
 G. A. R. , of Oakland, Cal., of which city he is at present a resident. 
 
 HENRY J. STONE. 
 
 Was born in Michigan in 1844. Enlisted in the loth Iowa Infantry, 
 August 26, 1861, served as a private; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 3d 
 Division, i5th Army Corps, and served throughout the war; was honor 
 ably discharged, August 15, 1865. Comrade Stone is a member of General 
 Steele Post, G. A. R., of Custer, Dakota Ty., where he resides. 
 
 CHARLES G. HUBBARD. 
 
 Was born in Schoharie, N. Y., October u, 1834; graduated at Rutgers 
 College, New Jersey, in 1852; is a lawyer by profession; was admitted to 
 the supreme court of California in 1854; in early days belonged to the 
 California Guard of San Francisco; was captain of the Oroville Guard in 
 1856; captain of the Marysville Union Guard Artillery in 1873-74. Enlisted 
 November 21, 1861, in the 2d California Infantry, and was commissioned 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. -489 
 
 ist lieutenant of Company K; resigned in August, 1873; re-enlisted, and 
 was commissioned as captain of Company G, 8th California Infantry, 
 December 24, 1864; was attached to the Department of California; was 
 engaged exclusively in frontier duty; was deputy provost marshal for the 
 northern district of California, and served until the close of the war, when 
 he was honorably discharged; in 186668 was judge of the gth judicial 
 district of Nevada. Comrade Hubbard is a member of Upton Post, G. A. R. , 
 of Eureka, of which he was chaplain; is a resident of San Diego, Cal. 
 
 GEORGE WILLARD FOX. 
 
 Was born August 28, 1842, in Canajoharie, Montgomery County, 
 N. Y.; is a lawyer by profession, having been admitted to practice in 
 Albany, N. Y., in 1861. Enlisted August 20, 1861, in Battery K of the 
 ist New York Light Artillery; was appointed orderly-sergeant and attached 
 to Banks army in the Shenandoah; commanded a section in the battle of 
 Bolivar Heights, Beverley s Ford, Rapidan, Cedar Mountain, Rappahan- 
 nock, Manassas, South Mountain, and Antietam ; in December, 1862, 
 was commissioned 2d lieutenant of artillery, and appointed drill-master 
 of a battalion attached to General Banks expedition; on arrival at New 
 Orleans, was commissioned ist lieutenant and placed in command of the 
 26th New r York Independent Battery; was promoted to the captaincy of 
 that battery in May, 1863, and as such commanded in the battles of 
 Lafourche, Fort Donelson, the siege of Fort Henderson, battles of Sabine 
 Pass, Mansfield, Pleasant Hill, Mansura, Cane River, and Yellow Bayou, 
 and although the youngest captain in the iQth Army Corps, was appointed 
 chief of artillery of the 2d Division, and served in that capacity through 
 the Red River campaign; when General Canby relieved General Banks at 
 Morganza, the artillery, consisting of twelve batteries, w T as left in com 
 mand of Captain Fox, with orders to join General Steele in Arkansas, by 
 whom he was appointed chief of artillery and ordnance in September, 
 1863. 
 
 In December, 1864, was ordered to join General Thomas in Tennes 
 see with his command, and after the battle of Franklin was assigned to 
 the 1 3th Army Corps, and February 25, 1865, was appointed chief of 
 artillery and ordnance by General Gordon Granger commanding the corps, 
 and served as such at the siege of Spanish Fort and Blakeley, and the cam 
 paign which ended in the capture of Mobile; when the Department of 
 Texas was formed, was appointed chief of artillery of the District of Texas, 
 which position he held until the close of the war; was mustered out of 
 service in June, 1865, after four years and ten months in field and camp; 
 
490 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 after the war located in Labette County, Kas. , and practiced his profes 
 sion; in 1880, becoming interested in mining, removed to Socorro, N. M., 
 where he was again successful in the practice of his profession; at this 
 place he became identified with the Grand Army of the Republic and was 
 elected junior vice-commander of his post; was a delegate to the conven 
 tion that nominated Mr. Cleveland for the Presidency, and served as a 
 member of the national committee; removed to Oakland, Cal. , in 1885, 
 and is at present actively engaged in the practice of his profession at that 
 place. Comrade Fox is at present a member of Lyon Post, G. A. R., of 
 Oakland, Cal. 
 
 JAMES E. LAWSON. 
 
 Was born in Cold Spring, Putnam County, N. Y., November 6, 
 1844; has been an iron-moulder; is at the present time a house-painter. 
 Enlisted in Company H of the 93d New York Infantry, on the 2oth Jan 
 uary, 1864, and served as a private; was attached to the 3d Brigade, ad 
 Army Corps; took part in several engagements and was, at the close of the 
 war, honorably discharged. Comrade L,awson is a charter member of Kil- 
 patrick Post, G. A. R. , of St. Helena, his place of residence; has served as 
 surgeon, officer of the guard, and is at present officer of the day of his post. 
 
 C. VON MEYERHOFF. 
 
 Was born in Bremen, Germany, July 17, 1824; is a carpenter by 
 trade. Enlisted in Company I, 2d California Infantry, October, 1861; 
 served as sergeant; was honorably discharged at the expiration of term of 
 service; re-enlisted in Company I, 2d California Cavalry, and was com 
 missioned 2d lieutenant; was engaged in Indian warfare; was wounded 
 in the right hand on the Colorado River, and again, in the right leg, at 
 Fort Mahone, in Southern California; was honorably discharged, October, 
 1865. Comrade Meyerhoffis a member of Warren Post, No. 54, of Sac 
 ramento, where he resides. 
 
 JOHN L. LYON. 
 
 Was born in Ogdensburgh, N. Y., April 7, 1842; has been a mer 
 chant, and is at present a furniture dealer. Enlisted in the i6th New 
 York Regiment in April, 1861, and served as a corporal and color- sergeant; 
 was attached to the 6th Army Corps; took part in the battles of first and 
 second Bull Run, Games Mills; Charles City Cross-roads, Malvern Hill, 
 Antietam, first and second Fredericksburg eighteen battles and skirmishes 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 491 
 
 in all; at Salem Heights was color-bearer; received three shots in his 
 clothes, four of the guards were shot down, and he carried back safely the 
 regimental colors to his quarters; the flag was afterward presented to the 
 Governor of New York; was honorably discharged, May 22, 1863. Is a 
 member of AppomattoxjPost, G. A. R., of Oakland, Cal., where he resides; 
 has been aid-de-camp and special aid-de-camp to the department com 
 mander of California. 
 
 JOHN G. RENFRO. 
 
 Was born in Tippecanoe County, Ind. , April 16, 1837; has followed 
 mining and farming as an occupation; at present is a teamster. Enlisted 
 in Company K, 6th California Volunteers, in the spring of 1863, and 
 served as a private; was most of the time engaged in provost duty in San 
 Francisco; was honorably discharged in 1865. Comrade Renfro is a mem 
 ber of R. L. McCook Post, G. A. R., of Watsonville, Cal., where he 
 resides; has been junior vice-commander of his post. 
 
 SEWELL F. GRAVES. 
 
 Was born in Lawrence, Mass., February 17, 1841; has been a ship 
 master; is at present engaged in the same occupation and as a pilot of 
 steamers. Entered in the U. S. Navy as a master s mate, December 29, 
 1863, and was promoted to ensign, July 23, 1864; served on board the 
 U. S. steamer Savannah, the Rachel Seaman, North Carolina, and Ala 
 bama; took part in the engagement at Fort Fisher; resigned in June, 1864. 
 Comrade Graves is a member of Antietam Post, G. A. R., of Petaluma, 
 Cal., where he resides. 
 
 ZERAH P. CLARK. 
 
 Was born in Ohio, in 1842; has been an insurance agent and adjuster. 
 Enlisted as a private in the ist Wisconsin Infantry, October, 1861; was 
 appointed quartermaster-sergeant of the regiment; promoted to 2d lieu 
 tenant of Company G, same regiment, in February, 1863, and to ist lieu 
 tenant, in November, 1863; was attached to the 2d Brigade, ist Division, 
 1 4 th Army Corps; took part in the battles of Perry ville. Stone River, 
 Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, and Nashville; resigned, in 1864, on account 
 of disability. When General Hood threatened Nashville, the soldiers on 
 duty in the quartermaster department were formed into regiments under 
 officers appointed by the War Department; Lieutenant Clark was commis 
 sioned lieutenant-colonel of the 8th Regiment, which he commanded at 
 
492 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Nashville, the colonel having been disabled; had charge of the pontoon- 
 train at Sherman s crossing of the Tennessee, and was one of the first 
 officers who reached the southern bank, where the advance column cap 
 tured the Confederate outposts, and began the attack on Bragg s right at 
 Mission Ridge; was honorably discharged at the close of the war. Com 
 rade Clark is a member of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of San 
 Francisco, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 EDWARD ENGLISH CHEVER. 
 
 Was born November 22, 1828, in North Andover, Mass.; is a pioneer 
 and farmer; went to Illinois in 1844, an( ^ to California in 1849; is at 
 present engaged in completing the records of California Pioneers. Enlisted 
 in July, 1862, in the gSth Illinois Infantry, which regiment was known 
 as the Railroad Regiment; served as a private until after the battle of 
 Stone River, when he was made a corporal; was attached to the ist 
 Brigade, 3d Division, 4th Army Corps, and took part in the battles of 
 Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Atlanta, Jonesboro, Franklin, 
 and Nashville; was sick in the hospital for several months after the battle 
 of Stone River, the result of exposure at that time; was honorably dis 
 charged at Nashville, Tenn., in May, 1865. Comrade Chever is a member 
 of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, Cal., where he 
 resides, and is a member of the funeral committee of his post. 
 
 THEODORE V. PURDY. 
 
 Was born February 6, 1842, in Hillsdale, Mich.; has been a merchant; 
 is at present engaged in agriculture and viticulture. Enlisted in Novem 
 ber, 1862, in the ist Michigan Sharpshooters and served as private, duty- 
 sergeant, orderly-sergeant, and quartermaster- sergeant; was attached to 
 the 2d Brigade, 3d Division, gth Army Corps; was stationed as guard to 
 U. S. Arsenal at Dearborn, Mich., until August 16, 1863; was then 
 ordered to Chicago, Ills., and was on duty guarding rebel prisoners at 
 Camp Douglas; proceeded to the front in February, 1864, crossed the 
 Rapidan and took part in the battles of the Wilderness, thence to Spott- 
 sylvania and participated in the battles at that place; was in the battle at 
 North Anna, and from that date had a series of engagements, notable 
 among which were those at Paumunky River, Tolopotomy Creek, and 
 Bethesda Church; was in the advance line at Cold Harbor and engaged in 
 the operations in front of Petersburg, and thereafter took part in nearly 
 every demonstration against the enemy; was under almost continuous fire 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 493 
 
 in the advance line of intrenchments for weeks at a time, and finally his 
 regiment was the first to enter Petersburg, and planted its own colors on 
 the court-house of that city; was always present for duty, and, as orderly- 
 sergeant, was in command of his company in the field; was present in 
 Washington at the time of the assassination of President Lincoln, and 
 witnessed the grand review: was appointed quartermaster-sergeant for. 
 "meritorious services;" was honorably discharged in August, 1865; came 
 to California in 1873. Comrade Purdy is a member of John A. Dix Post, 
 G. A. R., at San Jose, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 HENRY J. UHDEN. 
 
 Was born in Springfield, Ohio, October 7, 1843; i s engaged in rail 
 roading. Enlisted October 24, 1864, in the 8th California Volunteers; 
 served as a private; was attached to Company A, 8th California Infantry; 
 was honorably discharged October 24, 1865. Comrade Uhden is a mem 
 ber of Reynolds Post, G. A. R. , of Santa Cruz, where he resides. 
 
 JEROME B. BURKE. 
 
 W T as born in Greencastle, Pa., April 2, 1840; had about three months 
 schooling each winter until he was twelve years of age. P^nlisted in 
 Company E, ist Maryland Infantry, August, 1861; was commissioned as 
 ist lieutenant of his company; subsequently served as adjutant, quarter 
 master, and ordnance officer on the staff of General Banks; was honorably 
 discharged from service, October i, 1864; since the war has been engaged 
 as a provision-dealer and still follows that occupation; is a past depart 
 ment commander in the G. A. R. 
 
 MARCUS M. COLLIS. 
 
 A native of Massachusetts; was born in Ware, Mass., in 1843. 
 Enlisted, in July, 1862, as a private in Company H, 2 ist Massachusetts 
 Infantry, which subsequently belonged to the 2d Division, gth Army 
 Corps; was promoted to corporal, sergeant, and ist sergeant; took part in 
 all the engagements of his regiment, until captured at the battle of the 
 Wilderness while reconnoitering; was imprisoned at Andersonville until 
 the advance of Sherman on his march to the sea, when he was removed 
 to Florence, and from there to Wilmington, N. C. , where he was finally 
 paroled, February 25, 1865; while in prison was commissioned 2d lieu 
 tenant of the 36th Massachusetts Infantry; was transferred to the 56th 
 Massachusetts; was commissioned ist lieutenant, and was mustered out as 
 
4<>4 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 such, in July, 1865. Is engaged in the fancy goods business at Ports 
 mouth, N. H., where he resides; is a member of Storer Post, G. A. R. , 
 and was its junior vice-commander in 1880, senior vice-commander in 
 1 88 1, and commander three terms; in 1883 was chief mustering officer; 
 was department commander during 1884-85. 
 
 WALTER H. HOLMES. 
 
 Enlisted April 19, 1861, in Company B, of the 8th Regiment, N. Y. 
 State Militia; participated in the first battle of Bull Run, and served with 
 that regiment until August 22d of that year; returned to New York and 
 recruited a company for the three years service, and was commissioned ist 
 lieutenant of Company B, of the lyoth New York Infantry, which regiment 
 became a part of the Corcoran Irish Legion; took part in the operations in 
 the rear of Richmond, on the Black Water, and was engaged in the capture 
 of Norfolk and Suffolk, and of Washington, N. C. ; in May, 1863, was 
 assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and attached to the 2d Army Corps; 
 in 1863 was promoted to captain for meritorious services, and served in 
 that capacity until the close of the war; joined the G. A. R. in 1867; 
 was one of the charter members of Barbara Freitchie Post, of Brook 
 lyn, N. Y. ; arrived in California in 1874; was one of the organizers of 
 George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, of which he was 
 twice elected commander; as a delegate to the national encampments, 
 has attended the last five annual sessions; at Denver, Col., July 24, 
 1883, was unanimously elected Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief; at Port 
 land, Me., was a member of the council of administration, and has since 
 served as chairman of the executive committee of that body; was a mem 
 ber of the general committee of management of the twentieth national 
 encampment, and of the executive committee of the same body; was 
 grand marshal of the parade during the twentieth encampment at San 
 Francisco; is major and inspector on the staff of Brigadier-General 
 W. H. Dimond, commanding the 2d Brigade of the National Guard of 
 California, in which capacity he has served for the past six years; is a 
 resident of San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 W. I. ALLEN. 
 
 Born in Putnam County, Ind. , September 8, 1836; when eighteen 
 years of age left the farm and went to California, where he followed min 
 ing until 1857. Enlisted, June 3, 1862, in the 54th Indiana Infantry, a 
 three months regiment; was commissioned ist lieutenant of Company A; 
 re-enlisted September 19, 1862, in the 2oth Indiana Light Battery, serving 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 49-3 
 
 in the battery as sergeant; was commissioned 2d lieutenant, December 23, 
 1862, and promoted to ist lieutenant, July 27, 1864; participated with his 
 battery in all its marches, battles, etc., including the siege of Atlanta, 
 battles of Jonesboro, Nashville, and many others; was honorably dis 
 charged June 28, 1865, shortly after which he engaged in the hardware 
 business in Bloomington, Ind. ; in August, 1886, attended, as a delegate, 
 the 2Oth national encampment held in San Francisco; is a member of 
 Paul E. Slocum Post, No. 85, G. A. R., of Bloomington, Ind., where he 
 resides. 
 
 JOSEPH HYDE. 
 
 Was born in Washington County, N. Y., June 5, 1821; has been a 
 blacksmith and engineer. Enlisted at Troy, N. Y., August 27, 1862, in 
 Company H, I25th New York Regiment, and served as ist lieutenant on 
 the staff of generals Alex. Hays, J. T. Owens, and C. D. McDougall; after 
 the battle of Gettysburg was commissioned a captain; at Spottsylvania 
 was promoted to major, and was assigned to the 39th New York Infantry, 
 in the field; while in front of Petersburg was commissioned a lieutenant- 
 colonel, and later on, after the resignation of Cglonel Crandall, was 
 given command of the regiment, and so continued until the close of 
 the war; was taken prisoner at the surrender of Harper s Ferry, in 1862; 
 was shortly afterwards exchanged, and restored to duty; was engaged in 
 twenty-three general battles, and numerous skirmishes. Is a resident of 
 Stockton, Cal., and a member of Rawlins Post, No. 23, at that place. 
 
 EDWARD S. SALOMON. 
 
 Was born in Schleswig, Germany, December 25, 1836; came to 
 America in 1854, and settled in Chicago, where he engaged in mercantile 
 pursuits until 1857, at which time he began the study of law; was admit 
 ted to the bar by the supreme court of Illinois, in 1859; was elected alder 
 man the following year. Early in 1861 went to the front as 2d lieutenant 
 in the 24th Illinois Infantry, familiarly known as the "Old Hecker Regi 
 ment," owing to the fact that Frederick Hecker (the leader of the German 
 revolution of 1848) was its colonel; was successively promoted until he 
 became major, early in 1862, when a disagreement occurred between 
 Colonel Hecker and several of his officers, which caused the resig 
 nation of the colonel ; Major Salomon, and a large number of his 
 fellow-officers resigned with their commander; Colonel Hecker and Major 
 Salomon at once proceeded to organize a new regiment, which they accom 
 plished in a few weeks. This regiment, the 82d Illinois Infantry, was 
 
496 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 denominated the "New Hecker Regiment;" Hecker became colonel, and 
 Salomon lieutenant-colonel; in 1863 was promoted to the colonelcy of his 
 regiment; was in the Army of the Potomac until after the battle of Gettys 
 burg; went west with General Hooker s command, and \vas assigned to 
 the 2oth Army Corps, Army of the Cumberland, and participated in the 
 Atlanta campaign; after this, the i4th and 2oth Corps were formed into 
 the Army of Georgia, commanded by General Slocum, and marched with 
 Sherman from Atlanta to the sea, through North and South Carolina, and 
 subsequently took part in the parade in Washington. At the close of the 
 war was brevetted brigadier-general, "for distinguished gallantry and 
 meritorious services;" returned to Chicago, and was soon after elected 
 county clerk, which position he retained for four years; was subsequently 
 appointed Governor of Washington Territory by President Grant; prior to 
 his departure to assume the duties of governor, a large number of promi 
 nent citizens of Chicago, among whom was General Phil Sheridan, pre 
 sented him with a magnificent silver table service, accompanied by an 
 engraved testimonial of esteem and friendship; has resided in San Fran 
 cisco since January, 1875, and is engaged in the practice of his profession. 
 Comrade Salomon is a member of James A. Garfield Post, G. A. R., of 
 San Francisco, Cal., and is the commander of his post. 
 
 JAMES B. STEEDMAN. 
 
 W T as born, July 29, 1817, in Chillisquaque Township, Northumber 
 land County, Pa. ; at the age of fifteen was apprenticed to a printer at 
 Lewisburg, Pa. ; soon learned his trade and went west, and at the begin 
 ning of the Texan war joined Houston s army in Texas; at the close 
 of this war returned to Pennsylvania and followed his trade, taking charge 
 of the Nortlnvestern Democrat; served during 1847 an( ^ 1848 in the Legis 
 lature of his State; went to California in 1849, returning to Ohio in 1850; 
 was appointed public printer in 1860; was a delegate to the Charleston and 
 Baltimore national conventions; in 1859 began the practice of law; at the 
 call of President Lincoln for 75,000 men he at once enlisted, and raised 
 the 1 4th Ohio Regiment, which he at once tendered to the governor as 
 part of Ohio s quota, within ten days of the fall of Sumter; this regi 
 ment saw active and continuous service until the close of the war, and 
 took part in a great many battles, among them, Chickamauga, Nashville, 
 and those of the Atlanta campaign ; after the close of the war was appointed 
 military governor of the State of Georgia, which position he held until 
 July 19, 1866, when he resigned; during President Johnson s administra 
 tion, was appointed collector of internal revenue at New Orleans, La. ; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 497 
 
 returned to Ohio in 1873, and was elected a member of the constitutional 
 convention, and in 1877 was elected and served two years in the State 
 senate of Ohio; in 1880 was a delegate-at-large to the national conven 
 tion at Cincinnati. Comrade Steedmanwas elected department commander 
 of the department of Ohio in 1879, and did much to improve the order. 
 In his last years he edited the Toledo Democrat, and was made chief of 
 police of the city of Toledo. He died at Toledo, Ohio, October 18, 1883. 
 
 MICHAEL C. CLARK. 
 
 Was born August 3, 1845; has been a farmer; is at present in the 
 liquor business. Enlisted, August 22, 1864, in the i86th New York 
 Infantry, and served as a private; was attached to the 5th and gth Army 
 Corps; was honorably discharged at the close of the war, near Alexandria, 
 Va. Is a member of Chattanooga Post, G. A. R. , of Nevada City, Cal. , 
 of which place he is a resident. 
 
 THOMAS B. SKIDMORE. 
 
 Was born in Hamilton County, Ohio, May 21, 1839; has during life 
 followed various occupations; is at present engaged in mining. Enlisted 
 September i, 1861, in Company G, 5th Illinois Cavalry, attached to Col 
 onel Hovey s cavalry brigade, in the expedition to Helena, Ark. ; took 
 part in the engagements of Mechanicsburg, Moore s Ferry, Brownsville, 
 Champion Hills, Vicksburg, Bolton, Meridian, and many skirmishes; was 
 captured near Helena, Ark. ; paroled thirteen days after capture, and rejoined 
 his regiment; honorably discharged at Springfield, 111., October 27, 1865. 
 Comrade Skidmore is a charter member of Corinth Post, No. 80, G. A. R., 
 at Marysville, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 JOHN C. MEDLEY. 
 
 Was born in Clark County, Mo., November 9, 1844; came to Cali 
 fornia in 1852. Enlisted in Company C, 6th Regiment California Infantry, 
 October 12, 1863, at Benicia Barracks; served as a private and sergeant; 
 left Benicia Barracks with his regiment February 15, 1864, and arrived 
 at Fort Humboldt on the i7th; on March i, 1864, went to camp at Boyn- 
 ton Prairie, being on scout duty until July 8, 1864. Comrade Medley was 
 promoted to sergeant, and placed in charge of the quartermaster and com 
 missary department; also at times acted as post adjutant, sergeant-major, 
 and company clerk, which position he filled until the company was mus 
 tered out, December 5, 1865; is a member of Sumner Post, No. 3, G. A. R. y 
 
 2G 
 
498 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 located at Sacramento, Cal., where he resides; has been junior and senior 
 vice-commander, post adjutant, and chaplain of his post, and is at pres 
 ent assistant inspector on the department staff; was a member of the 
 national council of administration for the department of California during 
 1877 and 1878; in civil life has held the following positions: U. S. deputy 
 collector internal revenue of Nevada; a clerk in the senate of Nevada in 
 1868; deputy assessor; deputy county clerk; and notary public of Sacra 
 mento county; has been engaged in teaching school, surveying, and as 
 newspaper reporter; is at present a drug clerk and book-keeper. 
 
 FRANK HARRIS SPRAGUE. 
 
 Was born in Harrisville, R. I., August n, 1847, an d attended public 
 schools at Providence, R. I. Enlisted in Company E, ist Rhode Island 
 Cavalry, November 27, 1861; although only fourteen years and three 
 months of age, his physical development was such that he readily passed 
 for eighteen, and was mustered in as corporal; re-enlisted as a veteran, in 
 January, 1864, and was promoted to rank of sergeant; was honorably dis 
 charged from service at the Relay House, Maryland, August 3, 1865. In 
 1872 entered the civil service of the Government, as a clerk in the pension 
 office, where he is still employed; is a past department commander. 
 
 ABSALOM. B. STUART. 
 
 Was born August 27, 1830, in Williamsburg, Pa.; has been and still 
 is a physician and surgeon. Entered the service August 15, 1861, as 
 assistant surgeon of the loth Missouri Infantry; April 2, 1863, w r as pro 
 moted to surgeon and was superintendent of hospitals; was generally on 
 detached duty ; while actively employed in the field took part in the battles 
 of Corinth, and Vincents Cross-roads; was twice .disabled; was captured 
 January, 1863, and October 26th the same year; was honorably discharged 
 in January, 1864. Comrade Stuart is a member of Ellsworth Post, G. A. R., 
 of Santa Rosa, Sonoma County, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 SAMUEL SAMPSON. 
 
 Was born in Utica, N. Y., in 1828; at the age of sixteen was appren 
 ticed to a New York ship, from which he escaped and made his way to 
 Charleston, where he entered the U. S. Navy; was sent to cruise around 
 the Mexican gulf in 1846, and to aid in the blockade of Vera Cruz; in 
 December, 1847, was discharged at Tampico; before the breaking out of 
 the war shipped as second mate of a merchant vessel from New Orleans 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 499 
 
 to Havre; returned to New Orleans two days before the secession of 
 Louisiana; remained there until it was too late to get away; tried to drift 
 past the posts one dark night in a boat, but was fired at by the sentry, 
 compelling him to pull in towards the landing; was detained two weeks 
 in Fort Jackson, then sent to the city; at that time the conscription of every 
 available man into the rebel army was in full force; to avoid being con 
 scripted, volunteered in the crew of a gunboat as a gunner, and was sent 
 to Columbus, Ky.; after the evacuation of Columbus, went to Island 
 No. 10, and thence to New Madrid, where he was placed in irons, for diso 
 bedience of orders; when General Pope, in March, 1862, was advancing on 
 New Madrid, the irons were removed, but they were put on him again on 
 account of his refusal to fight against Pope; was court-martialed, found 
 guilty of mutiny and refusing to do duty in the face of the enemy, and 
 sentenced to death; as the Union gunboats prepared to attack Fort Pillow, 
 made his escape, and, after undergoing severe trials, succeeded in reaching 
 the Union gunboats; surrendered himself to Commodore Foote, on board 
 of the Benton, with whom he shipped and remained until the former was 
 relieved by Commodore Davis; was at the bombardment of Vicksburg, and 
 the capture of Memphis, also in the engagement with the rebel ram 
 Arkansas, which ran through the Union fleet at the mouth of the Yazoo 
 River; is still in the navy, and at present is serving on board of the U. S. 
 receiving ship Independence, at Mare Island, California. 
 
 RICHARD P. THOMAS. 
 
 Was born in Berne, Albany County, N. Y. , June 14, 1826; was 
 apprenticed to a merchant in Ithaca in his early years, but abandoned his 
 place, and went to New York, where, in 1846, he entered the U. S. Navy; 
 being under age, however, his parents obtained his discharge; removed to 
 Syracuse, N. Y., and established a small soap manufactory, which was 
 destroyed by fire in 1860; went to the oil district in Pennsylvania, and 
 was engaged in boating oil in a flat-boat, when the news of the firing on 
 Sumter reached him; having served as lieutenant of cavalry in the State 
 Militia, he repaired to Syracuse and opened a recruiting office for raising 
 a company of cavalry, which was offered to the Secretary of War, who 
 declined to accept it, as there was then no call for cavalry; in time he 
 received an order to report to Col. McReynolds at New York, who was 
 authorized to recruit a regiment of cavalry; he complied with the order, 
 and was informed that men in the cavalry service were required to furnish 
 their own horses and equipments, for the hire of which the Government 
 would pay at the rate of forty cents per day; not being able to meet this 
 
500 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 requirement, he accepted a proposal from a wealthy citizen, who agreed 
 to furnish horses, and take the rental offered by the Government, on con 
 dition that his son be made captain of the company, which being agreed 
 to was mustered in as Company F, Lincoln Cavalry; it is claimed that 
 this was the first company of volunteer cavalry recruited for the war; was 
 commissioned as ist lieutenant, August, 1861; attached to the Cavalry 
 Brigade at that time on detached service; in the fall of 1861, the regi 
 ment was divided into battalions with a full battalion staff, and Lieutenant 
 Thomas was then commissioned adjutant of the ad Battalion, serving in 
 that capacity during McClellan s Peninsular campaign; took part in the 
 battles of Yorktown, Williamsburg, Mechanicsville, Cold Harbor, Fair 
 Oaks, Games Mills, Savage Station, White Oak Swamp, Harrison s 
 Landing, Fredericksburg, ad Bull Run, and Antietam; was wounded by 
 a rifle-ball in the leg at White Oak Swamp; was honorably discharged in 
 November, 1863; is the only known surviving officer of the regiment on 
 the Pacific Coast, whither he removed after being mustered out of the 
 service; is president of the California National Bank of San Francisco. 
 Comrade Thomas is a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of 
 San Francisco, where he resides; has been aid-de-camp on the depart 
 ment staff. 
 
 JOHN W. KIMBALL. 
 
 Was born in Fitchburg, Mass., February 27, 1828; has been a manu 
 facturer of scythes, tax collector of Fitchburg, police commissioner of 
 Massachusetts, and custodian of dies, plates, etc., in bureau of engraving 
 in U. S. Treasury Department at Washington; at present U. S. pension 
 agent, and is postmaster of Fitchburg; at the outbreak of the war was 
 captain of Company B, gtli Massachusetts Militia, which became a part of 
 the 1 5 tli Massachusetts Infantry; received commissions of major, lieuten 
 ant-colonel, colonel, and was brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers; 
 was shot in the left thigh in assault on Port Hudson, La. ; and was honor 
 ably discharged from service at Camp Stevens, Mass., September 2, 1863; 
 is past department commander, and resides at Fitchburg, Mass. 
 
 WILLIAM JONES TERRELL. 
 
 Was born November n, 1834, at Johnston, Ohio; was a pupil at 
 Kingsville Academy, and the Michigan University at Ann Arbor, and 
 followed the occupation of school-teacher. Enlisted, May 26, 1862, in 
 Company B, 87th Ohio Infantry, and became its orderly-sergeant; he was 
 in the battle of Harper s Ferry, in 1862; was taken prisoner when General 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 501 
 
 Miles surrendered; was honorably discharged from service at Delaware, 
 Ohio, October 4, 1862. Is at present an attorney-at-law at Harrisonville, 
 Mo. ; has been superintendent of public schools, and prosecuting attorney 
 of his county; is a member of Harrisonville Post, No. 50, G. A. R., 
 department of Missouri, and is a past post commander, and past judge- 
 advocate of the department; at present resides at Harrisonville, Mo. 
 
 ICHABOD O. ROSS. 
 
 A resident of Stockton, Cal. ; was born in Perry County, Mo., August 
 26, 1841; is a miner. Enlisted in Company E of the yth California Regi 
 ment in October, 1864, and served as a private in the Department of the 
 Pacific in Arizona and New Mexico, taking part in several Indian battles; 
 was honorably discharged June 27, 1866; is a resident of Stockton, Cal. 
 
 JACOB REYNERSON. 
 
 Was born March 23, 1828, in Indiana; a blacksmith by trade. Enlisted 
 in October, 1864, in the i6th Iowa Infantry, and served as a private; was 
 attached to the 3d Brigade, 4th Division, lyth Army Corps; was with 
 Sherman in his march from Atlanta to the sea. Comrade Reynerson is a 
 member of Sedgwick Post, G. A. R., of Santa Ana, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 JOHN T. BRADY. 
 
 A native of Illinois. Enlisted, August 15, 1861, in Company A, yth 
 Kansas Cavalry; served as a private; was attached to the i6th Army Corps; 
 took part in the battles of luka and Shiloh; was honorably discharged 
 October i, 1864; is at present engaged in banking at Sebetha, Kas. , where 
 he resides; is a member of Sebetha Post, No. 175, G. A. R. , at his place 
 of residence. 
 
 CHARLES H. INGRAM. 
 
 Was born September 18, 1841, in West Chester, Chester County, Pa.; 
 since discharge from the army has been a clerk in the U. S. Treasury at 
 Washington, D. C., where he resides. Enlisted, June 4, 1861, in Company 
 A, ist Pennsylvania Reserve Corps, and served as a private; was attached 
 to the 3d Brigade, 3d Division, 5th Army Corps; was for a time attached 
 to the ist Corps; was present at, and took part in, the battles in which his 
 regiment was engaged, from Dranesville, in December, 1861, to Cold 
 Harbor in 1864; was honorably discharged, June 13, 1864. Comrade 
 
502 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Ingram is a member of Burnside Post, G. A. R., Washington, D. C., 
 department of the Potomac, of which post he is a charter member; has 
 been junior vice-commander and commander of his post; was assistant 
 adjutant-general of his department in 1884, a delegate at large to the igth 
 national encampment at Portland, Me., in 1885, an< ^ was a member of the 
 national council of administration at the 2oth national encampment, at 
 San Francisco, Cal. ; has been president of a general court-martial, and 
 has served on many committees. 
 
 GEORGE LISSENDEN. 
 
 Was born in Kent, England, October 28, 1833; is an agricultural 
 machinist. Enlisted, August 9, 1862, in Battery M, ist Illinois Light 
 Artillery, and served as gunner; was in the Army of the Ohio, and after 
 ward, in 1863, in Grangers Reserve Corps, and after the battle of 
 Chickamauga served in the 2d Division of the 4th Corps; after the close 
 of the Atlanta campaign, was on garrison duty until the war ended; took 
 part in forty-six engagements; was wounded in cheek by a fragment of 
 shell at Chickamauga; was honorably discharged, July 28, 1865. Com 
 rade Lissenden is a member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., of Stockton, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 JOHN MEWHINNEY. 
 
 Was born near Terre Haute, Ind. , December 5, 1836; during life has 
 been engaged in farming and stock-raising. Enlisted September 12, 
 1861, in 2d California Cavalry, and served as a private; served most of 
 the time on detached duty; was made sergeant of his company; was hon 
 orably discharged September 24, 1864; before the war was one of the 
 Rough and Ready Pioneers on the defenses of Lawrence, Kas. , in 1855, 
 when Kansas was a Territory, and to prevent demolition of the place by 
 foreign invaders; received an honorable discharge December 12, 1855; is 
 a member of Kearsarge Post, G. A. R., located at Ukiah, Cal. Comrade 
 Mewhinney resides at Porno, Mendocino County, Cal. 
 
 JOHN G. B. ADAMS. 
 
 Was born in Cleveland, Mass., October 6, 1841; followed the trade 
 of a shoemaker. Enlisted in Company A, igth Massachusetts Infantry, 
 April 19, 1861, and rose to the rank of captain; was shot through right 
 hip and in the groin at Gettysburg the ball still remains in the latter 
 wound; was captured at Petersburg, Va. , June 22, 1864, and was confined 
 in Libby, Macon, Charleston, and Columbus prisons, until March i, 1865; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 56$ 
 
 honorably discharged from service March i, 1865; since the war has been 
 inspector of customs, postmaster, and deputy superintendent of Massa-- 
 chusetts Reformatory; is now president of Massachusetts Prisoners Asso 
 ciation, and sergeant-at-arms of the Massachusetts Legislature; joined 
 General Lander Post, No. 5, G. A. R., of Lynn, Mass., in February, 1867, 
 and has held nearly every office in the post as well as that of department 
 commander. 
 
 H. M. SPOHR. 
 
 Was born in Star County, Ohio, January 26, 1841; is a moulder and 
 engineer. Enlisted in Company H, igth Ohio Infantry, April, 1861, and 
 re-enlisted in Company F, 4th Ohio Infantry; served as a private until 
 August, 1862, when he was discharged on account of physical disability. 
 Comrade Spohr is a member of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., of Stockton, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 FERDINAND ASH. 
 
 Was born June 15, 1849, in Philadelphia, Pa.; has been a butcher; is 
 at present a teamster. Enlisted, January 26, 1865, in Company B, igSth 
 Pennsylvania Infantry, and served as a private; was attached to the ist 
 Brigade, ist Division, 5th Army Corps; took part in the battles of Hatch 
 er s Run, Five Forks, Bourdan Plank Road, front of Petersburg, and the 
 surrender of General Lee; was honorably discharged, June 20, 1865. 
 Comrade Ash is a member of Lyon Post, G. A. R., of Oakland, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 WILLIAM L. D. O GRADY. 
 
 Was born in Bangalore, Madras, India, April 17, 1841 (his father 
 being an officer in the British army, on duty in India at the time); at the 
 age of seventeen graduated from the English gunnery ship Excellent, and 
 was commissioned 2d lieutenant in the Royal Marines (Light Infantry), 
 April 1 3, 1859 5 resigned shortly afterwards and, proceeding to New Orleans, 
 La., joined Walker s last gang of filibusters (including "Bob" Wheat, 
 who afterwards commanded the Louisiana Tigers) to Honduras; after the 
 expedition broke up remained in Honduras, and was engaged in survey 
 ing, and traveled extensively; returned to New York, and enlisted as a 
 private, December 5, 1861, in Company C of the 88th New York Infantry; 
 was commissioned 2d lieutenant of Company H, December 13, 1862, and 
 captain, October 14, 1863, but never mustered as captain; was attached to 
 the 2d (Irish) Brigade, ist Division, 2d Army Corps; took part in the bat 
 tles of Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Auburn, 
 
504 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Bristoe Station, and Mine Run; was six times wounded, viz., in breast 
 and left shoulder at Antietam; right shin, knee, where the bullet remains, 
 and in the hip (by shell) at Fredericksburg; saber cut over left eye while on 
 picket-guard near Warren ton, Va., in August, 1863; succeeded in killing 
 his assailant with his sword, and captured the dead cavalryman s horse; 
 was honorably discharged March 8, 1864, on account of disability, being 
 almost blind; is a pensioner; after discharge went to India, and was 
 employed in the Bank of Madras; was deputy inspector of its branches, 
 but his health failing, returned to New York in 1870, where he has since 
 been following editorial pursuits; is at present editor of the Grand Army 
 Rei ieiu; was war correspondent on board the U. S. steamer Juuiata at the 
 time of the Virginius massacre in Cuba. Comrade O Grady is a member 
 of Devin Post, G. A. R., of Brooklyn, N. Y., and is a resident of New 
 York city; has been aid-de-camp on the staff of the Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 STEPHEN WHEELER. 
 
 Was born in Hammondsport, Steuben County, N. Y. Enlisted, Sep 
 tember i, 1861, at Battle Creek, Mich., and served as a private, sergeant, 
 ist lieutenant, and captain in the engineer, infantry, and cavalry branches 
 ( of the service; was attached to the yth Army Corps; took part in the battles 
 of Pea Ridge, Prairie Grove, and Newtonia; was honorably discharged in 
 April, 1866; since the war has filled almost continuously some official posi 
 tion; was assistant assessor of internal revenue, assessor of internal revenue, 
 State senator, State auditor, quartermaster-general of militia, and clerk of 
 the United States court, which latter position he has held since 1875. Is 
 a resident of Arkansas, where he has lived ever since the war; is a mem 
 ber of Thomas Williams Post, G. A. R., of Fort Smith, Ark., which he 
 joined in 1879; has served as department commander for three terms. 
 
 CHARLES HENRY GROSVENOR. 
 
 Was born in Pomfret, Conn., September 20, 1833; has been a clerk, 
 farmer, and lawyer; is at present a member of Congress from the I4th 
 Ohio district. Enlisted, July 25, 1861, as a private in the iStli Ohio 
 Infantry, and served as major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel; was bre- 
 -vetted colonel and brigadier-general, commissions dating as follows: major, 
 August 2, 1861; lieutenant-colonel, May, 1862; colonel, April, 1865; bre 
 vet colonel and brigadier-general, March 13, 1865; served in the Army of 
 the Cumberland; was attached to the 2d Brigade, 3d Division, I4th Army 
 Corps; also served in the provost brigade; was in Steedman s command 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 505 
 
 at Nashville; took part in the battles of Levergne and Chickamauga, and 
 all of the battles of the Atlanta campaign up to Kenesaw Mountain; was 
 slightly wounded at Chickamauga, and again severely injured in a railroad 
 accident in Georgia, resulting in a permanent injury to his shoulder; was 
 honorably mustered out October 28, 1865; since which time has held vari 
 ous positions of honor and profit; in addition to minor offices in township 
 and municipal corporations, has been twice a presidential elector; for the 
 past six years a trustee of the Ohio Soldiers and Sailors Orphans Home, 
 and has recently been reappointed for five years to the same office; was for 
 four years a member of the State Legislature, during two of which was 
 speaker of the house. Comrade Grosvenor has been for a long time con 
 nected with the G. A. R. ; was judge-advocate-general of the G. A. R., 
 1885-86; is a member of Columbus Golden Post, G. A. R., No. 89, of 
 Athens, Ohio, where he resides; was a delegate to the seventeenth, eigh 
 teenth, and nineteenth national encampments, and was present in San 
 Francisco at the twentieth national encampment in 1886. 
 
 JOHN R. LEWIS. 
 
 Was born in Erie County, Pa., September 22, 1834; graduated from 
 the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery and the medical department 
 of the University of Vermont; is a dentist by profession. Enlisted, April 
 20, 1861, in the ist Vermont Infantry for three months, and served as ser 
 geant of Company H; re-enlisted, September 16, 1861, and was commis 
 sioned captain of Company I, 5th Vermont Infantry; was promoted to 
 major, July 16, 1862, and to lieutenant-colonel, October 5th, following; 
 took part in the battle of Big Bethel and in all the campaigns of the 
 Army of the Potomac up to May 5, 1864; was wounded at White Oak 
 Swamp, and lost his left arm at the shoulder-joint from a gunshot wound 
 at the battle of the Wilderness; was promoted to colonel of his regiment, 
 June 5, 1864, but on account of disability was mustered out, September 
 n, 1864; was commissioned colonel of the ist Regiment, Veteran Reserve 
 Corps, September 8th, and was made a brevet brigadier-general, March 13, 
 1865; commanded the post at Elmira, N. Y., and was assigned to duty at 
 Nashville as inspector-general, December, 1865; was commissioned major 
 of the 44th U. S. Infantry, January 22, 1867, and mustered into the U. S. 
 Army, April i, 1867; served on General Sibley s staff at Savannah and 
 other points; was made brevet lieutenant-colonel and brevet-colonel U. S. A. 
 March 2, 1867; retired with the rank of colonel U. S. A., April 28, 1870; 
 after his retirement was State School Commissioner of Georgia; engaged 
 in mercantile business at Des Moines, la. , was secretary of the Atlanta 
 
506 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 cotton expositions in 1 880-81, and has followed mercantile pursuits in 
 Atlanta, Ga. , since 1883. Comrade Lewis is a charter member of 
 O. M. Mitchell Post, G. A. R., of Augusta, department of Tennessee 
 and Georgia, and has served as its senior vice-commander; was elected 
 Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief at the nineteenth national encampment 
 at Portland, Me. 
 
 JOHN D. BILLINGS. 
 
 Was born in Canton, Mass., December 13, 1842; a machinist by trade. 
 Enlisted in the loth Massachusetts Battery, Light Artillery, August 16, 
 1862; served as a private; was honorably discharged from service June 9, 
 1865; since the war has been engaged in teaching, and is at present princi 
 pal of the Webster school, at Cambridgeport, Mass. , his place of residence; 
 is past department commander, department of Massachusetts, G. A. R. 
 
 J. B. CURTIS. 
 
 Was born in Stratford, Conn. ; is by occupation a merchant. Hnlisted 
 in Company D, lyth Connecticut Infantry, in July, 1862, and served as 
 clerk; was attached to the nth Army Corps; took part in the battles of 
 Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and others; was honorably 
 discharged from the service July 19, 1865; is a member of George H. 
 Thomas Post, No. 2, G. A. R. , located at San Francisco, Cal., his place 
 of residence. 
 
 M. HAWKINS. 
 
 Was born in Washington County, Ind. ; is engaged in railroading. 
 Enlisted in Company E, ist U. S. Engineers, in March, 1864, and served 
 as a private; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 4th Army Corps; took part 
 in the battles of Nashville and Franklin, Tenn. ; was honorably discharged 
 October 5, 1865; is a member of the department of Illinois, G. A. R., 
 and a resident of East St. Louis, Ills. 
 
 GEORGE H. PATCH. 
 
 Was born in Lexington, Mass., December 8, 1844; when the war 
 broke out was a farmer; after battle of Bull Run, enlisted in Company F, 
 1 9th Massachusetts Infantry; served as private for nearly three years; 
 early in 1864 was badly poisoned by ivy, or dogwood, but remained with 
 his company until night of May 12, 1864, date of the fight at the Death 
 Angel, Spottsylvania; was then sent to the hospital, where he remained 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 507 
 
 until expiration of term; for thirteen years after the war was in the rail 
 road service, and in 1879 became attached to the Boston Daily Globe as a 
 reporter; is past department commander, and has filled most of the offices 
 in his post, No. 142, G. A. R., at South Framingham; is at present a 
 member of General Wadsworth Post, No. 63, G. A. R. , of Natick, Mass., 
 where he resides. 
 
 D. C. COLEMAN. 
 
 Was born in Rutland County, Vt. ; has been railroading, mining, 
 and clerking. Enlisted in Company B. loth Illinois Infantry, April 16, 
 1861; served as a private; was attached to General Prentiss brigade; was 
 honorably discharged July 29, 1861, when he emigrated to Idaho, where 
 he was a miner until 1865; went to California in 1871, and engaged in 
 railroading; is a member of Grant Post, No. 9, G. A. R., of Modesto, 
 Cal., where he resides, and is engaged in the liquor business. 
 
 BARTEMAS BURKE. 
 
 Was born, August 29, 1845, in Richmond, Wayne County, Ind. ; is 
 by profession an attorney-at-law. Enlisted, July, 1862, in Company I, 
 67th Regiment, Indiana Infantry, and served as a private; was engaged 
 in the following battles: Munfordville, Ky., Walnut Hills, Arkansas Post, 
 Port Gibson, Raymond, Champion Hills, Black River Bridge, Vicks- 
 burg, Jackson, Miss., Sabine Cross-roads, and Blakely, Ala; was captured 
 at Munfordville, Ky., and at Sabine Cross-roads, when he was taken to 
 Camp Ford Prison, Tex., where he effected his escape; was honorably dis 
 charged at Indianapolis, Ind., at the close of the war. Comrade Burke 
 joined the G. A. R. in 1882; is a member of J. F. Reynolds Post, at Santa 
 Cruz, Cal., where he resides; has been post quartermaster, and com 
 mander of Wallace Post, No. 32, department of California. 
 
 JOHN CAMERON. 
 
 Was born in Philadelphia, Pa., April 4, 1836; has been a book-keeper, 
 plumber, conveyancer, and at the outbreak of the war was a conductor 
 and receiver of a street-car railway ; organized the American Rifles at the 
 outbreak of the war, but refused to be mustered as captain on account of 
 his inability to bear the fatigue of marching; recruited, at his own expense, 
 a company of zouaves; but finally, July 20, 1861, enlisted in Young s 
 Kentucky Light Cavalry, afterwards the 3d Pennsylvania Cavalry; served 
 as corporal of Company C, and acted as sergeant-major; took part in various 
 
508 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 engagements; and at the battle of Fairfax, Va., was complimented by his 
 commanding officer for his conduct, having left the hospital to take part 
 in that action; was wounded at Antietam, and, in consequence, discharged 
 for disability; in 1863 was appointed a clerk in the provost-marshal- 
 general s bnrean, and made chief of an important division; was trans 
 ferred to the adjutant-general s office in 1866; was chief clerk of the 
 army bureau in 1870. Comrade Cameron is a member of Kit Carson 
 Post, G. A. R., of Washington, D. C., and has been sergeant-major of 
 the post, assistant inspector of the department of the Potomac; assist 
 ant inspector-general on the national staff, assistant adjutant-general in 
 18818283, and six months in 1885; and member of the national council 
 of administration in 1884-85; was appointed adjutant-general, July i, 1885. 
 
 LEMUEL H. STEWART. 
 
 Was born in Bloomfield, Ohio, July 22, 1847; is a clergyman, having 
 been educated at Scioto College, Ohio; was a mere youth at the outbreak 
 of the war, nevertheless, enlisted and served as a private in Company G, 
 74th Ohio Regiment; was captured at Calhoun, Ga., in July, 1864, and 
 imprisoned for six months at Andersonville and Florence; was mustered 
 out at Louisville, July 19, 1865. Is a past chaplain-in-chief in the 
 G. A. R. 
 
 A. A. CUDNER. 
 
 Was born in Dutchess County, N. Y. ; by occupation an architect and 
 builder. Enlisted January 20, 1864, in Company A, ist Michigan Light 
 Artillery, served as a private until wounded, after which was a carpenter 
 in the qiiartermaster s department; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 3d 
 Division, i4th Army Corps; took part in a number of skirmishes; was 
 wounded in the right leg while on march through Tennessee; is a mem 
 ber of Rawlins Post, G. A. R., at Stockton, Cal., and resides at Lockford, 
 Cal. 
 
 JOHN TAYLOR. 
 
 Was born in Philadelphia, Pa., April 5, 1840; was a salesman until 
 the outbreak of the war; at present is in the insurance business in Phila 
 delphia. Enlisted, May 27, 1861, in Company E, 2d Pennsylvania Reserves; 
 served as sergeant, was promoted to ist sergeant, ist lieutenant, and was 
 brevetted captain; acted on the staff of General McCandless at the battle 
 of Gettysburg, and until May 5, 1864, when he was captured at the battle 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 509 
 
 of the Wilderness; was imprisoned at Lynchburg, Danville, Macon, Savan 
 nah, Charleston, and Columbia; was exchanged March i, 1865, and mus 
 tered out of service on the I4th of the same month; was a member of the 
 City Council of Philadelphia in 1882-83; is a member of P. R. Schuyler 
 Post, G. A. R., of Philadelphia, where he resides, and has held the follow 
 ing offices in the G. A. R. : adjutant of post, department commander, 
 assistant quartermaster-general of department, post quartermaster, and 
 quartermaster-general, 1882 to 1886. 
 
 JOHN W. HERSEY. 
 
 Was born in Spencer, Mass., January 23, 1842; before the war worked 
 in the U. S. Armory, at Springfield, Mass. Enlisted, August 20, 1862, in 
 Company H, loth Massachusetts Infantry, and re-enlisted February 20, 
 1864; was wounded in the foot at the second battle of Fredericksburg, 
 and again in the hand at the battle of the Wilderness; was honorably dis 
 charged from the service July 23, 1865; is a past department commander, 
 and since the war has been a real estate dealer; has been sheriff of Spring 
 field, Mass., his place of residence. 
 
 A. G. HARDEvSTY. 
 
 Was born at Malvern, Carroll County, Ohio, September 17, 1846; is 
 by profession an attorney-at-law. Enlisted July 12, 1863, in Company A, 
 yth Indiana Cavalry, and served as a private; was attached to the i6th 
 Army Corps; was engaged in the battles of Oxford, Miss., Grand Gulf, 
 Tupelo, and Brice s Cross-roads; lost right eye while in the service; was 
 honorably discharged March 26, 1866; is a member of Hackleman Post, 
 No. 58, G. A. R., department of Kansas, located at Lincoln, Kas., his 
 place of residence; served three terms as post adjutant. 
 
 JAMES M. DAVIS. 
 
 Was born in Monroeville, Columbiana County, Ohio; graduated and 
 was tutor at Duff s College, Pittsburg, Pa.; has been a printer, and at 
 present is a book-keeper and business manager. Was mustered into the 
 United States service in May, 1861; joined Company F, i2th Pennsyl 
 vania Reserves; served three years in this regiment, and was honorably 
 discharged in 1864, with the rank of sergeant, having declined a captaincy 
 in a regiment of colored troops. Re-enlisted, served one year with Han 
 cock s corps, and was discharged at Albany, N. Y., in 1866; took part in 
 
510 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 numerous engagements; at White Oak Swamp was ridden down by cav 
 alry, and had his right shoulder dislocated; at the second Bull Run had 
 his cap shot off, and received a scalp wound. For three years has been a 
 director of the Veterans Home of California; Comrade Davis is a mem 
 ber of Lyon Post of Oakland, Cal., where he resides; has served as adjutant, 
 post commander, junior and senior vice-department commander, and 
 department commander. 
 
 CHARLES G. HUBBARD. 
 
 Was born in Schoharie, Schoharie County, N. Y. ; is an attorney-at- 
 law. Enlisted, November i, 1861, in Company K, ad California Infantry, 
 and served as ist lieutenant, and, later, as captain of Company G, 8th 
 California Infantry, commissions bearing date of November 21, 1861, and 
 December 24, 1864; was mustered out of service, October 16, 1865. 
 Comrade Hubbard is a member of Upton Post, G. A. R., of Eureka, Nev., 
 and is at present a resident of San Diego, Cal. 
 
 JOHN L. BOONE. 
 
 Was born in Lee County, la. ; is an attorney-at-law. Enlisted as a 
 private in Company D, 2oth Ohio Infantry, August 10, 1861, and was 
 discharged by order of the Secretary of War, November 28, 1862; was 
 subsequently appointed ist lieutenant and adjutant of the ist Oregon 
 Infantry, commission bearing date of March, 1864; was attached to the 
 i yth Army Corps; took part in the battles of Fort Donelson, Pittsburg 
 Landing, Corinth, luka, Hatchie River, and Bolivar; was honorably dis 
 charged in November, 1865. Comrade Boone is a member of George H. 
 Thomas Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 ARGOS D. VANOSDOL. 
 
 Was born in Jefferson County, Ind., September 18, 1839; was a law 
 student at the breaking out of the war. Enlisted, July 4, 1861, as a pri 
 vate in Company A, 3d Regiment, Indiana Cavalry, and was promoted to 
 sergeant-major the following September; was commissioned, February, 
 1862, captain of Company I, 3d Regiment, then attached to General 
 Buell s division at Nashville; September 15, 1862, was assigned to the 
 command of the cavalry of General Thomas division in the Army of the 
 Cumberland; was placed in command of the battalion of his regiment, 
 October 2, 1862, and joined in the pursuit of General Bragg from Louis 
 ville to Crab Orchard; returned to the command of his company, with 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 511 
 
 which he participated in the inarch to Nashville, and in the engagements 
 at Nolausville, Triune, and Stone River; at the latter place was seriously 
 wounded, but refused to leave the field during the action; May 3, 1863, 
 was honorably discharged on account of disability, resulting from wounds 
 received in action; in 1865 served as a commissioned officer in the i56th 
 Indiana Infantry, with which he remained until August of that year. In 
 1870 resumed his law studies, and graduated from the law school of the 
 Indiana University; is at present practicing his profession at Madison, 
 Ind. Comrade Vanosdol was one of the charter members of Alois O. 
 Bachman Post, G. A. R., of Indiana; has been a member of the depart 
 ment council of administration, and was a delegate to the igth national 
 encampment, when he was elected inspector-general. 
 
 PETER PERRY. 
 
 Was born in England, February 27, 1843; ^ s a carriage manufacturer. 
 Enlisted October 31, 1861, in Company B, nth Iowa Volunteer Infantry, 
 and served as a private; was attached to the i7th Army Corps; took part 
 in the battles of Shiloh, Corinth, and luka; received a scalp wound by 
 minie-ball; was honorably discharged at Vicksburg, Miss., February i, 
 
 1864. Comrade Pern- is a member of Geo. D. Forsyth Post, No. 129, 
 G. A. R., located at Rohnerville, Cal. , where he resides, and is com 
 mander of his post. 
 
 JAMES A. EWING. 
 
 Born November 10, 1833, in Bond County, Ills. ; is by occupation a 
 farmer. Enlisted, January 16, 1862, in the nth Missouri State Militia 
 Cavalry; in August, 1863, was commissioned lieutenant, and in October, 
 1863, was promoted to captain; served in the Department of Missouri; 
 took part in the battles of Palmyra, Cape Girardeau, Pocahontas, and 
 numerous skirmishes with guerrillas; was honorably discharged, July 3, 
 
 1865. Comrade Ewing is a member of Atlanta Post, G. A. R., at Fresno, 
 Cal. , where he resides. 
 
 FRANK HENRY LAMB. 
 
 Was born in Worcester, Mass., October n, 1842. Enlisted in Com 
 pany G, 74th N. Y. Infantry, June 15, 1861, and served as a private; while 
 on detached service at Front Royal, May 18, 1862, was made a prisoner 
 and taken to lyibby Prison, where he remained until paroled, September 
 3<Dth following; being exchanged in November, returned to duty and was 
 assigned to work in the U. S. Telegraph Corps; when on an exposed station 
 
512 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 on the railroad was again captured and taken back to Libby ; was exchanged 
 January 12, 1863, and mustered out of service at Washington, January 21, 
 1863; has been always engaged in telegraphy, and is now assistant super 
 intendent of Western Union Telegraph Company at Portland, Or. ; has 
 been a member of George H. Thomas Post, No. 2, G. A. R., at San 
 Francisco, but was afterwards transferred to Garfield Post, No. 3, of Port 
 land, Or. , where he resides; has served as senior vice-commander and 
 commander of the Oregon post. 
 
 THOMAS S. TAYLOR. 
 
 W T as born in Kingston, R. I., in 1844. Enlisted in the United States 
 service as a member of the 7th New York Regiment, serving as sergeant; 
 was mustered out in July, 1863; has been actively connected with the 
 militia of several States; has served over ten years in the New York Seventh, 
 two years in the 2d New Jersey Regiment, and for nine years in the 
 National Guard of California. Comrade Tavlor is a member of George H. 
 Thomas Post, G. A. R.--, of San Francisco, Cal., of which he has been 
 assistant adjutant-general. 
 
 JAMES WOODRUFF SAVAGE. 
 
 W r as born in Bedford, N. H., February 2, 1826; after graduating from 
 Harvard College, in 1847, studied law at Litchfield, Conn., and having 
 been admitted to the bar, engaged in practice in New York city. Was 
 appointed a captain in the United States Army, and assigned duty as aid- 
 de-camp on the staff of General Fremont, July 22, 1861; received succes 
 sively commissions as major and lieutenant-colonel; raised the i2th New 
 York Cavalry, and was commissioned colonel of it, in December, 1863; 
 held this command until August 5, 1865, when he was honorably dis 
 charged from the sendee at Hart s Island, N. Y. Is a past department 
 commander of the G. A. R., department of Nebraska, and is at present 
 practicing his profession in Omaha, Neb. , his place of residence. 
 
 CHARLES FITZSIMMONS. 
 
 W T as born at Belfast, Allegany County, N. Y., February 25, 1843; 
 has been a farmer; is at present an engineer. Enlisted in the 2d Minne 
 sota Company of Sharpshooters, which became Company L of the ist 
 Minnesota Infantry, December 20, 1861, as a private; was promoted to 
 sergeant in 1863; was attached to ist Brigade, 2d Division, 2d Army 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 513 
 
 Corps; took part in the battles of Hanover Court-house, Fair Oaks, Va., 
 the Wilderness, Antietam, Gettysburg, Bristoe Station, second Bull Run, 
 Cold Harbor, Spottsylvania, front of Petersburg, Weldon Railroad, and 
 many lesser engagements; received a wound in left shoulder at Antietam; 
 was honorably discharged, December 20, 1864. Comrade Fitzsimmons 
 is a member of J. F. Reynolds Post, G. A. R., at Santa Crux, Cal., where 
 he resides. 
 
 CHARLES W. BENJAMIN. 
 
 Was born in Dixon, Ills., December 5, 1845; is by occupation a clerk. 
 Enlisted in the i3th Illinois Infantry, May 24, 1861, and served as a pri 
 vate; was attached to the i5th Army Corps; took part in the battles of 
 Chickasaw Bayou, Arkansas Post, Greenville raid, Jackson, Miss., and 
 siege of Vicksburg; was wounded at Lookout Mountain; was honor 
 ably discharged, June 22, 1864, at Springfield, Ills. Comrade Benjamin 
 is a member of R. L,. McCook Post, G. A. R., of Watsonville, Cal.; 
 where he resides; has been post adjutant, surgeon, junior vice-commander, 
 and is at present chaplain of his post. 
 
 A. H. G. RICHARDSON. 
 
 Was born in Boston, Mass. ; received his education in the common 
 schools, and until the war broke out was employed as a clerk. Enlisted in 
 Company G, iQtli Pennsylvania Infantry, April 18, 1861; after the three 
 months service re-enlisted in Company K, ii4th Pennsylvania Infantry 
 (Collis Zouaves); served as a private and continuously until May 28, 
 1865, when he was honorably discharged from service at Philadelphia, Pa. ; 
 his present employment is that of a clerk in the office of foreign mails in 
 the post-office department; is a past department commander in theG. A. R. 
 
 ARTHUR L. CONGER. 
 
 Was born in Boston Village, Summit County, Ohio, in 1838; was, at 
 the outbreak of the war, a school-teacher; recruited over forty men, who 
 enlisted in the H5th Ohio Regiment, in which he was commissioned 2d 
 lieutenant, and afterward promoted to ist lieutenant; served as acting 
 assistant adjutant-general, as provost marshal, and as a member of courts- 
 martial; was detailed for duty in the Engineer Corps, Army of the Cum 
 berland, as assistant inspector of railroad defenses between Nashville and 
 Murfreesboro, and was eventually placed in charge of the entire business 
 of the inspector s office; toward the close of the war was recommended by 
 
 2H 
 
514 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 General Thomas for promotion to the rank of captain and commissary of 
 subsistence, but before the commission could be issued, was mustered out 
 on account of the war coming to an end; is at present colonel of the 8th 
 Regiment, Ohio National Guard; president of the Whiteman & Barnes 
 Manufacturing Company, a director in the Schumacher Milling Company, 
 director in the King Varnish Company, and the Akron Water Works 
 Company, and interested in many important business enterprises in Akron, 
 Ohio, where he lives. Comrade Conger is a member of Buckly Post, 
 G. A. R., department of Ohio; has been post commander and is at present 
 department commander; was a delegate to the twentieth national encamp 
 ment held at San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 WILLIAM L. STEPHENS. 
 
 Was born in Emden, Somerset County, Me., in 1842; is a clergyman. 
 At the outbreak of the war enlisted as a private, August 30, 1863, in the 
 24th Iowa Infantry; was engaged in the battles of Belmont, Vicksburg, 
 and luka; was honorably discharged in 1864. Is a member of Kilpatrick 
 Post at St. Helena, Cal., where he resides; is chaplain of the department 
 of California. 
 
 GEORGE C. SEARS. 
 
 Was born in Richford, Vt. ; early in life removed to California, and 
 was a student at Oakland College when the war broke out. Enlisted in 
 the 4th California Infantry in 1862, and in 1863 re-enlisted in the 8th 
 California Infantry; received commissions as 2d and ist lieutenant, and 
 was kept on duty at Fort Point, California, and on provost duty at San 
 Francisco throughout the war; was honorably discharged from service at 
 Fort Point at the close of the war; since then has been engaged in mer 
 cantile pursuits and the stock business; is a member of the national 
 council of administration, G. A. R., from the department of Oregon, 
 and resides at Portland, and is engaged in the cattle business in the 
 eastern part of the State. 
 
 BENJAMIN A. OSBORN. 
 
 Was born in Lincoln, Me., May 10, 1843; ^ s by trade a saddler. 
 Enlisted in the ist Maine Cavalry in September, 1861, as a private; was 
 attached to the cavalry corps, Army of the Potomac; was promoted to 
 sergeant, 2d and ist lieutenant in 1864; took part in the battles of Mid- 
 dleburg, Winchester, Fredericksburg, Brandy Station, Rappahannock Sta 
 tion, Aldie, Upperville, Gettysburg, Shepardstown, Sulphur Springs, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 515 
 
 Mine Run, defenses of Richmond, Cold Harbor, Old Church, Todd s 
 Tavern, Deep Bottom, St. Mary s Church, Hatcher s Run, Hawes Shop, 
 Diuwiddie Court House, Appomattox Court House, and a number of 
 smaller engagements and skirmishes; was honorably discharged at the 
 close of the war at Petersburg, Va. Comrade Osboru is a member of 
 R. L. McCook Post, G. A. R., at Watsonville, Cal., where he resides, 
 and is commander of his post. 
 
 RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. 
 
 Was born in Delaware, Ohio, October 4, 1832; graduated at the 
 Harvard College law school in 1845, and nas been engaged in the practice 
 of law; when the war broke out proffered his services, and was com 
 missioned major of the 2$d Ohio Infantry, June 7, 1861; served in West 
 Virginia under General Rosecrans, on whose staff he was, for a time, 
 judge-advocate; was commissioned lieutenant-colonel, November 4, 1861, 
 and commanded his regiment in West Virginia after his relief from staff 
 duty, and in McClellan s Maryland campaign; was wounded at Antietam, 
 September 17, 1862; was brevetted major-general at the close of the 
 war; before he was mustered out of service, was elected to Congress, and 
 re-elected in 1866; was governor of Ohio three terms, and President of 
 the United States from 1877 till 1881; is a member of Manville Moore 
 Post, G. A. R., of Fremont, Ohio, where he resides; was a delegate at 
 large to the twentieth national encampment at San Francisco. 
 
 JOHN A. LOGAN. 
 
 Was born in Jackson County, Ills., February 9, 1826; was educated 
 in the common schools, and graduated from the law department of the 
 Louisville University; at the outbreak of the Mexican War enlisted as a 
 private in the ist Illinois Regiment, and was promoted to a lieutenancy, 
 having served for some time as adjutant and quartermaster of his regiment; 
 in 1849 was elected county clerk; engaged in the practice of law, and was 
 elected to the State Legislature in 1852, and re-elected in 1853-56-57; 
 was prosecuting attorney of the 3d judicial district of Illinois in 1857; 
 was a presidential elector in 1856; was elected to Congress in 1858, and 
 again in 1860; resigned his seat in Congress in 1861, and was commis 
 sioned colonel of the 3ist Illinois Regiment; took part in the battle of 
 Belmont, where he had his horse shot from under him; was in the attack 
 on Fort Henry, and was severely wounded at Fort Donelson; in March, 
 1862, was made a brigadier-general; participated in the movement on 
 
516 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Corinth, and commanded the 3d Division, i7th Army Corps, during Grant s 
 campaign in northern Mississippi, was promoted major-general November 
 26, 1862; took part in the engagements at Port Gibson, Raymond, Jack 
 son, Champion Hills, and the siege of Vicksbnrg; his troops were the 
 first to enter the city of Vicksburg after its surrender, and he was 
 appointed military governor of the place; in November, 1863, he suc 
 ceeded General Sherman in command of the i5th Army Corps, which 
 was engaged successively at Resaca, Dalton, and Kenesaw Mountain; 
 succeeded General McPherson in command of the Army of the Ten 
 nessee, and served in that capacity till the end of the war; in 1865 
 was offered the appointment of minister to Mexico, which he declined; 
 was successively elected to Congress, and in 1871 was chosen U. S. 
 Senator from Illinois, and was re-elected in 1879 and in 1885; was a 
 candidate for the vice-presidency in 1884. Comrade Logan was one of 
 the earliest members of the G. A. R., and at the second national encamp 
 ment in Philadelphia, January 15, 1868, was elected Commander-in-Chief, 
 which position he held until the meeting of the fourth encampment in 
 Washington, May 1 1, 1870; it was at his instance that May 3oth was desig 
 nated as a memorial day, on which the graves of deceased soldiers are 
 decorated; is at present the senior past Commaiider-in- Chief. 
 
 JOHN A. REYNOLDS. 
 
 Was born in New York, October 4, 1830; has been engaged in mer 
 cantile pursuits; is at present a wholesale manufacturer of shoes at 
 Rochester, N. Y. Enlisted August, 1861, in Company L, ist New York 
 Light Artillery, of which he was elected captain the following Novem 
 ber; was promoted to major in May, 1863; was brevetted lieutenant- 
 colonel, April, 1865, and was brevetted colonel, May, 1865. Comrade 
 Reynolds is a member of the G. A. R., department of New York, of 
 which he is past department commander. 
 
 GEORGE L. HARRIS. 
 
 Was born in Yarmouth, Me., May 6, 1831; has been a mechanical and 
 marine engineer; went south and pursued his regular occupation in 
 Georgia and Alabama; in June, 1859, accepted the position of master 
 mechanic of the St. Petersburg & Moscow Railroad of Russia, remain 
 ing there until the breaking out of the war; returned to the United States 
 and immediately entered the naval service, being appointed, in January, 
 1862, acting 3d assistant engineer, U. S. Navy, was ordered to the U. S. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 517 
 
 ship Varuna, which left at once to join Admiral Farragiit s Gulf Squadron 
 for the capture of forts Jackson and St. Philip, and New Orleans; was pro 
 moted September 26, 1862, to 2d assistant engineer, and again promoted to 
 be ist assistant engineer, June 19, 1863; resigned, and was afterward in the 
 service of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company; is at present employed at 
 the U. S. Mint in San Francisco in the capacity of chief engineer and 
 superintendent of repairs to machinery. Comrade Harris is a member of 
 George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., and a member of the council of admin 
 istration of the department of California. 
 
 E. LIVINGSTON ALLEN. 
 
 Was born in Paterson, N. J., July 10, 1844; is a clergyman; while 
 attending a course of study in theology, the war broke out; he abandoned 
 his studies and enlisted in the i3th New Jersey Infantry, August 14, 1862; 
 served as a private until promoted to sergeant of his company; his regi 
 ment was attached to the 2oth Army Corps; took part in the battles of 
 South Mountain, Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Rocky Face 
 Ridge, Resaca, Cassville, Dallas, Pine Knob, Gulp s Farm, Kenesaw 
 Mountain, Nancy s Creek, Peach Tree Creek, siege of Atlanta, Sanders- 
 ville, Savannah, Averysboro, and Bentonville; was wounded three times, 
 and for two years was in the color-guard; at the close of the war, com 
 pleted his theological studies at Rutger s College and Drew s Seminary; 
 is a member of Lefevre Post, G. A. R., of Highland, N. Y. , where he 
 resides, and at the last annual encampment of the department of New 
 York was elected department chaplain. 
 
 NORTON P. CHIPMAN. 
 
 Was born in Milford Center, Union County, Ohio, in 1836; is a law 
 yer, and is interested in manufacturing enterprises at Red Bluff, Cal., his 
 present home. Entered the service in 1861 as lieutenant in Company H, 
 2d Iowa Infantry; was made adjutant of the regiment, and afterward 
 promoted to major; took part in the Missouri campaign of 1861; at Fort 
 Donelson was severely wounded; was promoted to be colonel and addi 
 tional aid-de-camp in the Regular Army; was assigned to duty as chief of 
 staff to General Curtis; served in this capacity in the departments of 
 Arkansas, Missouri, and Kansas; was detailed by the Secretary of War 
 for duty in the War Department in 1863; on two occasions was charged 
 with the performance of very dangerous and important missions by Presi 
 dent Lincoln; was made judge-advocate of several military courts, and 
 
518 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 one of these tried Wirz, the Andersonville prison-keeper; at the close of 
 the war was brevetted brigadier-general, but resigned to resume the prac 
 tice of law in Washington, D. C., whence he moved to California in 1875. 
 Comrade Chipman is a member of the G. A. R., department of California, 
 having been one of its foremost workers since its organization; has been 
 adjutant-general, and at the twentieth national encampment held in San 
 Francisco was a delegate at large, and is at present a member of the 
 national council of administration. 
 
 CHARLES J. FREESE. 
 
 Was born in Friederichstadt, Germany, April 12, 1844; has been a 
 telegraph operator and clerk. Shipped in the U. S. Navy as a seaman 
 from New York, May n, 1861; was attached to the blockading squadron 
 at Fortress Monroe; was engaged in the battle between the Aferrimac and 
 the Monitor; during the action a i2olb. shell exploded on his ship, the 
 Dragon, and he received fifty-one pieces of the shell in his body; was 
 honorably discharged, June n, 1862. Comrade Freese is a member of 
 Negley Post, of Tucson, Arizona, where he resides. 
 
 SAMUEL T. BIRDSALL. 
 
 Was born in New York city; is a lawyer by profession. Enlisted in 
 the 27th Connecticut Infantry; was commissioned captain, October 3, 
 1862; brevetted colonel, June, 1863, and brigadier-general in the July fol 
 lowing; was engaged in the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellors- 
 ville; in the last of which was taken prisoner, and held at Libby Prison 
 for a brief period; was honorably discharged July 27, 1863. Comrade 
 Birdsall is a member of Colonel Cass Post, of San Francisco, his place of 
 residence. 
 
 CHARLES T. BARNES. 
 
 Was born in Minerva, Essex County, N. Y. , July 24, 1840; has been 
 a farmer and merchant; is at present an inventor and manufacturer in 
 Chicago. Enlisted, September 21, 1861, as a private in Company C (of 
 which his brother was elected captain), 93d N. Y. Infantry; was appointed 
 5th sergeant, then orderly-sergeant; promoted to 2tl lieutenant, July 20 
 1863; to ist lieutenant, September 20, 1864; and brevetted captain, Octo 
 ber 23, 1865; participated in the battles of W T illiamsburg and the Wilder 
 ness, in the last of which received a severe wound from a minie-ball in the 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 519 
 
 left side of the abdomen; was honorably discharged, December, 1864; was 
 attached to Casey s division, Army of the Potomac, during- the first year; 
 on detached duty, general headquarters, second year; assigned to 2d Bri 
 gade, 3d Division, 2d Army Corps, the third year; his regiment was 
 especially complimented by orders from General Birney, division com 
 mander, for gallant conduct at the battle of the Wilderness, alluding to 
 Captain Barnes, of Company C, who was killed in the action, and to his 
 brother, who was severely wounded and left on the field as dead. Com 
 rade Barnes is a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of Chicago, 
 
 r> 
 
 his place of residence. 
 
 CLARK E. ROYCK. 
 
 Was born at "Lebanon Springs, N. Y., January 13, 1837; graduated 
 from Williams College; is an attorney-at-law. Enlisted as a private in 
 the 44th New York Regiment, known as the "Ellsworth Avengers," 
 August 15, 1861; rose through all the grades to colonel; took part in the 
 Peninsula campaign under McClellan, in Pope s campaign, the battles of 
 Antietam, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg; was with the 
 Army of the James in the occupation of Bermuda Hundred and City 
 Point, the battles around Petersburg, Chapin s Point, Appomattox Court 
 house, and all engagements in which the Army of the Potomac took part; 
 went to Texas with his regiment after the war, and was mustered out, 
 November 24, 1865, as colonel. Comrade Royce is a member of the 
 Grand Army of the Republic, and a member of the council of adminis 
 tration, and at present a resident of San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 JAMES E. JENKINS. 
 
 W T as born in Vernon, ( hieida County, N. Y., June 22, 1842; is an 
 accountant by occupation. Entered the service September 4, 1861, and 
 has held the following commissions: ist lieutenant, Oneida Cavalry, Sep 
 tember 4, 1861; ist lieutenant, i46th New York Infantry, 1862; captain, 
 in the same regiment, 1863; captain, Oneida Cavalry, 1864; was brevetted 
 major, U. S. Volunteers, soon after the close of the war; took part in the 
 Peninsula campaign, second Bull Run, Chaiitilly, Antietam, Fredericks- 
 burg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Mine Run, Wilderness, Laurel Hill, 
 Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, siege of Petersburg, Five Forks, Appomattox, 
 and in nearly all the battles in which the Army of the Potomac was 
 engaged; was wounded at Gettysburg in the neck by a bullet, and in the 
 back by a fragment of shell; at Petersburg in the head, and in the back 
 
520 
 
 by bullets; was attached to General Stoneman s cavalry, headquarters of 
 the Army of the Potomac, and 5th Army Corps; was honorably discharged 
 at the close of the war; was engaged in business afterwards in New York 
 for fourteen years; emigrated to Dakota Territory in 1882; is at present 
 treasurer of Brule County. Comrade Jenkins is a member of Reno Post, 
 G. A. R., of Kimball, Dak., where he resides; has been post comman 
 der, and assistant quartermaster- general, department of Dakota. 
 
 BENJAMIN F. WOOD. 
 
 Was born in Westfield, Chautauqua County, N. Y. , December 19, 
 1832; has been a farmer; is at present a carpenter. Enlisted as a private 
 in the 2d Minnesota Infantry, June 29, 1861; then in the i8th New York 
 Cavalry, 24th day of August, 1863; was promoted to corporal and ser 
 geant in the Veteran Reserve Corps, Department of the Gulf; was engaged 
 in the battles of Mill Springs, Ky., Mansfield and Pleasant Hill, La.; was 
 honorably discharged November 29, 1866. Comrade Wood is a mem 
 ber of Custer Post, of Tacoma, Washington Ty., his place of residence. 
 
 JOHN F. HARTRANFT. 
 
 Was born in Montgomery County, Pa., December 16, 1830; his edu 
 cation was obtained in Marshall College preparatory department, and at 
 Union College, N. Y., where he graduated in 1853; ^ as been a civil engi 
 neer, deputy sheriff of his county, and in 1860 was admitted to the bar. 
 Entered the service April 19, 1861, as colonel of the 4th Pennsylvania 
 Regiment, whose term of enlistment expired on the eve of the first battle 
 of Bull Run, when he transferred the command of the regiment to its 
 lieutenant-colonel, he remaining and participating in the battle as an aid 
 on General Franklin s staff; reorganized his old regiment, and entered the 
 service as colonel of the 5ist Pennsylvania Infantry in October, 1861 ; was 
 assigned to General Burnside s command, taking part in the Roanoke 
 Island expedition; participated in the battles of second Bull Run, Chan- 
 tilly, South Mountain, Antietam, Fredericksburg, and other notable 
 engagements on the Potomac in 1862; the Qth Corps, to which he was 
 attached, was ordered to the Southwest, and with it he participated in the 
 sieges of Vicksburg, Jackson, and Knoxville, where he commanded a 
 division; his regiment re-enlisted, January 2, 1864, and was sent back to 
 the Potomac; was wounded in the wrist at the Wilderness, but remained 
 at his post, and was made brigadier-general May 12, 1862; was at Cold 
 Harbor, and all the battles before Petersburg, where he was wounded, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 521 
 
 June 17, 1864; July 30, 1864, led a charge following the explosion of a 
 rebel mine, and penetrated the enemy s lines, but being unsupported, 
 retreat was cut off, yet he escaped; March 25, 1865, recaptured Fort Stead- 
 man, which had been taken by the Confederates, and for his services on 
 that occasion was brevetted major-general ; declined a commission as colonel 
 of the 34th U. S. Infantry, and was mustered out at the close of the war. 
 General Hartranft was auditor-general of Pennsylvania in 1865, and was 
 re-elected in 1868, and governor of the State for two terms commencing 
 in 1873; was appointed collector of the port of Philadelphia, and is at 
 present special agent of the New York Life Insurance Company. Com 
 rade Hartranft has been a member of S. K. Zook Post, G. A. R., of Mor- 
 ristown, Pa., since its organization, and was a delegate at large to the 
 national encampment until his election as Commander-in-Chief in 1875; 
 he was re-elected in 1876. 
 
 ISRAEL R. WEAMER. 
 
 Was born in Indiana County, Pa., January 10, 1843; nas been i 11 tne 
 hotel business; at present is engaged in mining. Enlisted August 3, 1861, 
 as a private in Company B, 38th Ohio Regiment; was promoted to corporal, 
 and for two years was a mounted orderly at division headquarters; was 
 attached to 3d Division, i4th Army Corps; took part in the battles of Mill 
 Springs, Shiloh, Perry ville, Stone River, Corinth, Chickamauga, Mission 
 ary Ridge, Ringgold, Kenesaw Mountain, Jonesboro, Peach Tree Creek, 
 and all the engagements around Atlanta, and was with Sherman on his 
 march to the sea; was honorably discharged July 22, 1865. Comrade 
 Weamer is a member of Winfield Scott Post, G. A. R., of Aspen, Col., 
 where he resides. 
 
 DAVID D. PORTER. 
 
 Was born June 8, 1813, in Chester, Pa.; a son of Commodore David 
 Porter; in 1824 went to sea with his father, and February 2, 1829, was 
 appointed midshipman in the U. S. Navy; had previously been a mid 
 shipman in the Mexican Navy, and had taken part in several engagements; 
 from 1829 to 1835 served on the European station; was promoted to past- 
 midshipman in 1836, and served in the coast survey until promoted to 
 lieutenant in February, 1841; was at sea, and at the Naval Observatory, 
 from 1841 to 1846, when he went on a secret mission to Hayti; served 
 during the Mexican War as ist lieutenant, and afterwards as captain of 
 the steamer Spitfire; was for a time on leave of absence in command of 
 passenger steamers ; commanded the Supply, during which time he 
 imported eighty-four camels to this country for army transportation 
 
522 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 purposes; was still a lieutenant when the war broke out; commanded 
 the U. S. steamer Powhattan, under confidential orders from the Pres 
 ident, and went to the relief of Fort Pickens; was shortly afterwards 
 promoted to commander, and as such reported to Flag Officer Farragut, 
 for duty in command of the mortar fleet which co-operated in the attack 
 on forts Jackson and St. Philip, and the capture of New Orleans; the 
 mortar fleet consisted of twenty-one mortar schooners, each carrying 
 a 13-inch mortar, and five steamers as convoys; the mortar vessels 
 having been towed into position opened fire on the rebel works, which 
 continued for six days and nights; six thousand bombs were exploded in 
 the forts, and everything combustible in the works was destroyed; the 
 passage of the fleet was successfully accomplished during the night and 
 morning of April 24th; the reduction of the remaining forts was left to 
 Commander Porter, to whom they surrendered after one day s bombard 
 ment; Farragut having reached the city, Commander Porter assisted in 
 all the operations between New Orleans and Vicksburg, and at the latter 
 point bombarded the enemy s works so effectively that the fleet was enabled 
 to pass safely; in July he was ordered, with the greater part of his mortar 
 fleet, to Fortress Monroe, whence he was soon after ordered to the com 
 mand of the Mississippi Squadron as acting rear-admiral; September, 1862, 
 improvised a navy-yard at Mound City, where river boats were covered 
 with light armor and mounted with heavy guns, and his small squadron 
 of a dozen effective vessels was increased to over one hundred and twenty, 
 thoroughly manned and officered; in conjunction with Sherman s army 
 captured Arkansas Post, January, 1863; afterward passed the batteries at 
 Vicksburg, and captured the forts at Grand Gulf, thus opening communi 
 cation with General Grant, which led to the surrender of Vicksburg, July 4, 
 1863; received the thanks of Congress, and was commissioned a rear- 
 admiral from that day; was during the rest of the year occupied in keep 
 ing the Mississippi open, and in the spring of 1864 co-operated with 
 General Banks in his operations along the Red River; after the failure of 
 the expedition, was ordered to the command of the North Atlantic block 
 ading squadron; in December, with a force of thirty-five vessels, including 
 five iron-clads, and a reserve force of nineteen vessels, bombarded the forts 
 at the mouth of Cape Fear River, and silenped them in an hour and a 
 quarter; the military forces failing to co-operate with him, at his request a 
 force of 8, 500 men, under General Terry, was detailed to assist him in taking 
 Fort Fisher, which was, after desperate fighting, accomplished, January 15, 
 1865; besides the land forces, 1,400 sailors and 500 marines were landed, 
 and participated in the assault; the fruits of this victory were seventy- 
 five guns and 1,900 prisoners. Received the thanks of Congress for 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 523 
 
 this achievement, being the fourth vote of thanks tendered him during 
 the war. Was promoted to vice-admiral, July, 1866, and ordered as super 
 intendent of the naval academy, which, through his able administration 
 of its affairs, has been brought into prominence as the best naval college 
 in the world. Was assigned to duty in the Navy Department in 1869, but 
 shortly withdrew; was promoted to Admiral of the Navy, August, 1870, 
 and since that time has attended to the discharge of his duties as senior 
 officer of the navy. Comrade Porter is a member of the G. A. R. post 
 located at Washington city, where he resides. 
 
 EDGAR SPALSBURY. 
 
 Was born in Jefferson County, N. Y. , August 24, 1836; is by profes 
 sion an attorney-at-law. Enlisted in the 35th New York Infantry, April 
 27, 1861; was commissioned captain Company I, same regiment, May 14, 
 1861; was attached to the ist Army Corps; was engaged in the battles of 
 Bull Run, Brandy Station, Bristoe, Manassas, and Chantilly; was hon 
 orably discharged March 27, 1861. Comrade Spalsbury is a member of 
 J. F. Reynolds Post, of Santa Cruz, Cal., where he resides; has been 
 adjutant, quartermaster, and commander of his post. 
 
 WILLIAM MCELROY. 
 
 Was born in Pittsburg, Pa., August n, 1832; has been an iron-moulder, 
 soldier, and farmer. Entered the service October 17, 1861, as a private in 
 the 76th Ohio Infantry; was commissioned captain in the 72d U. S. Colored 
 Regiment, August 19, 1864, and transferred to i2th U. S. Colored 
 Artillery in 1865; was appointed ist lieutenant U. S. Army, and assigned 
 to a detachment of colored troops; took part in the battles of Fort Donel- 
 son and Shiloh; was honorably discharged, April 24, 1866. Comrade 
 McElroy is a member of L. H. Rousseau Post, G. A. R., of Kelseyville, 
 Lake County, Cal., and is a resident of Lakeport, Cal. 
 
 JAMES TANNER. 
 
 Was born in Richmondville, N. Y., April 4, 1844; has been a fanner, 
 school-teacher, and attorney-at-law. Enlisted in Company C, 87th New York 
 Infantry, as a private, and was promoted to corporal; served in Kearny s 
 division in the Peninsula campaign; under McClellan, and with Pope until 
 the second Bull Run, where a fragment of shell cut off his right leg above 
 the ankle, and badly shattered the left, rendering it necessary to amputate 
 
524 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 both legs below the knee; was appointed deputy doorkeeper of the New 
 York Assembly, and has held other positions of profit and trust in that 
 body; was appointed clerk in the War Department; on the occasion of 
 President Lincoln s assassination, was at his bedside, and took notes of 
 the first official testimony relating to the case; was admitted to the bar of 
 Albany, N. Y., in 1869; was appointed deputy collector and served four 
 years, and later as collector of the port of New York; was appointed col 
 lector of taxes for the city of Brooklyn, and held the office for many years 
 under different administrations; is a member of the G. A. R., department 
 of New York, and is a past department commander; was a delegate to the 
 twentieth national encampment at San Francisco, and there nominated 
 for the office of Commander-in- Chief. 
 
 PRENTISS M. JONES. 
 
 Was born in Madison, Somerset County, Me., August 6, 1838; has 
 been a farmer, logger, grocer, and is at present engaged in the hotel busi 
 ness. Enlisted in the 8th Minnesota Infantry, November 4, 1863; served 
 throughout the war as a private; was attached to the 23d Army Corps; took 
 part in the battles of Cedar Creek, Tenn., Murfreesboro, and other minor 
 engagements; was mustered out at the close of the war; prior to his enlist 
 ment in the volunteer service, had served with the State troops during 
 the Indian disturbances; has been clerk of Edwards County, Kas. , and 
 postmaster of Kinsley in that State. Comrade Jones is a member of Geo. 
 H. Thomas Post, of Olympia, Washington Ty., where he resides. 
 
 THOMAS W. BENNETT. 
 
 Was born in Union County, Ind. , February 16, 1831; was graduated 
 from the academic and law departments of Asbury University in 1854; 
 is by profession an attorn ey-at-law, and has served as State senator; and 
 professor of mathematics and natural science at White Water college in 
 1853. Enlisted, April, 1861, in the I5th Indiana Infantry, in which he 
 served as captain; was major of the 36th Indiana Infantry; colonel, 6gth 
 Indiana Infantry; and brigadier-general of volunteers; was attached to 
 the 1 3th Army Corps, Army of the Tennessee, most of the time; took 
 part in the battles of Rich Mountain, Shiloh, Corinth, Chickasaw Bayou, 
 Arkansas Post, Thompson s Hill, Champion Hills, Black River Bridge, 
 Vicksburg, and the Red River campaign ; was wounded several times, but 
 never seriously ; was mustered out in 1865; was elected mayor of Rich 
 mond, Ind., in 1869, but resigned in 1871 to accept an appointment as 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 525 
 
 governor of Idaho Territory; having served as governor four years, was 
 elected to Congress from Idaho in 1874; returned to Richmond, Ind. , and 
 was again elected mayor several times. Comrade Bennett is a member of 
 Sol Meredith Post, G. A. R., of Richmond, Ind., his place of residence; 
 is department commander and president of the State Pension Associa 
 tion; has been aid to the Commander-in-Chief ; at the twentieth national 
 encampment was a delegate, and served as a member of the committee 
 on resolutions. 
 
 GARRETT D. LOUCKS. 
 
 Was born in Woodstock, Mich., October 22, 1842; has followed steam- 
 boating, and is at present engaged in the saloon business. Enlisted in 
 December, 1863, in the gth Kansas Cavalry; served as sergeant; was 
 attached to the i5th and 2oth Army Corps; took part in the battles of 
 Shiloh, Fort Donelson, Fort Henry, Corinth, Vicksburg, Big Bull Bayou, 
 and other actions of less note; was mustered out August 14, 1865. Com 
 rade Loucks is a member of W. H. L,. Wallace Post, of Santa Cruz, Cal., 
 where he resides; has served as officer of the guard of his post. 
 
 WILLIAM J. F. LAAGE. 
 
 Was born February 25, 1844, in Germany; a tinsmith by trade; at 
 present a confectioner. Shipped in the U. S. Navy, May 4, 1863, as lands 
 man, and served in the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron, under 
 Admiral Dahlgren; was captured, June 3, 1864, at Osaba Sound, taken to 
 Savannah, and thence to Andersonville, and after four months was trans 
 ferred to Libby Prison; was paroled October 18, 1864, and exchanged in 
 January, 1865. Comrade Laage is a member of Appomattox Post,G. A. R., 
 of Oakland, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 J. WARREN KEIFER. 
 
 Was born in Clark County, Ohio, January 30, 1836, and was educated 
 at Antioch College; was admitted to the bar in 1858, and engaged in prac 
 tice at Springfield, Ohio; enlisted in the 3d Ohio Infantry, April 19, 1861, 
 and was commissioned major; re-enlisted, June i2th, with his regiment, and 
 was assigned to General McClellan s command in West Virginia; was pro 
 moted lieutenant-colonel, February 22, 1862; September 3oth succeeding 
 resigned, and was made colonel of the noth Ohio Infantry; commanded 
 a brigade at Winchester, and was wounded June, 1863; at the Wilderness, 
 
526 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 May 5, 1864, his left fore-arm was shattered by a musket-ball, but was 
 on duty again August 26th ; at Opequon was struck in the thigh by a frag 
 ment of shell, but not disabled; was brevetted brigadier and major general; 
 in 1865 was mustered out, and returned to Springfield, Ohio, where he 
 resumed his practice; was elected to Congress, and chosen speaker of the 
 House for the term of 1881-82. Comrade Keiferis a past department com 
 mander, G. A. R. 
 
 JOHN P. S. GOBIN. 
 
 Was born in Sunbury, Pa., January 26, 1836; is an attorney by pro 
 fession. Enlisted in Company F, nth Pennsylvania Infantry, April 19, 
 1861; was promoted to captain, major, lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and 
 brevet brigadier-general; was mustered out January 3, 1866; is a member 
 of Sedgwick Post, of Lebanon, Pa., where he resides, and is department 
 commander. 
 
 BENSON C. SADDLEMIRE. 
 
 Was born May 2, 1847, in Knox, Albany County, N. Y.; has been a 
 farmer, and is at present a nurseryman. Enlisted, as a private, in the nth 
 New York Independent Battery, September 5, 1864; was attached to the 
 3d Brigade, 3d Division, 2d Army Corps; took part in the battles of 
 Hatcher s Run, the siege of Petersburg, and in all engagements to the 
 surrender of General Lee; was honorably discharged June 13, 1865. Com 
 rade Saddlemire is a member of Lyon Post, G. A. R., of Oakland, Cal., 
 has been sergeant-major, junior vice-commander, and is at present senior 
 vice-commander of his post; is a resident of North Temescal, Cal. 
 
 JOHN C. ROBINSON. 
 
 Was born in Binghamton, N. Y., April 10, 1817. Entered the mili 
 tary academy at West Point, 1835; three years later left the academy and 
 studied law, which he gave up to accept a commission as 2d lieutenant in 
 the 5th U. S. Infantry; was promoted to ist lieutenant, and served in the 
 Mexican War; after which he was stationed in the Cherokee Nation and 
 in Texas; was commissioned captain in 1850, and sent against the Semi- 
 nole Indians; thence went to Utah, where he commanded Fort Bridger; 
 subsequently was assigned to the command of Fort McHenry, Baltimore; 
 at the outbreak of the war, learning that the capture of the fort was con 
 templated by a mob, and having only one hundred men, he erected in a 
 conspicuous place army-tents, and made a show of preparation for the 
 reception of large bodies of troops; this ruse saved the fort from seizure, 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 527 
 
 as it gave notice that an attack had been anticipated; was dispatched to 
 the West as mustering officer, and soon afterward was commissioned colonel 
 of the ist Michigan Regiment; became major of the ad U. S. Infantry in 
 February, 1862, and a brigadier-general of volunteers in April following; 
 taking command at Newport News in May; was assigned to the command 
 of the ist Brigade, Kearny s division, Heintzelman s corps; was in the 
 Peninsula campaign; took part in the battles of Fredericksburg, Centre- 
 ville, Culpeper, Mine Run, the Rapidan, and Gettysburg, in all of which 
 he commanded a division of the ist Army Corps; in the campaign of 
 Grant, 1864, commanded a division in the 5th Corps, and in an unsuccess 
 ful attempt to dislodge the enemy at Todd s Tavern, was shot through the 
 left knee, necessitating the amputation of his left thigh; being disqualified 
 for field service, discharged other important duties, and was in 1869 retired 
 with the full rank of major-general, U. S. Army; has been lieutenant- 
 governor of New York. Comrade Robinson is a member of Watrous Post, 
 G. A. R., of Binghamton, N. Y., where he resides; was department com 
 mander in 1870, and Commander-in-Chief in 1877-78. 
 
 TRUMAN H. ALLEN. 
 
 Was born in Keeseville, Essex County, N. Y. , in 1832. Entered the 
 service February 12, 1863; was commissioned captain of Company H, 
 22d New York Cavalry; was also mustered in the 68th New York Infantry; 
 took part in the battles of the Wilderness, Fredericksburg, Brandy Sta 
 tion, Todd s Tavern, Spottsylvania, Culpeper, Cold Harbor, and several 
 minor engagements; at the Wilderness received a wound by which his 
 right ribs were broken, and at Cold Harbor was shot through the right 
 foot; was appointed U. S. pension agent, with the head office in San Fran 
 cisco, August i, 1885. Comrade Allen is a member of Appomattox Post, 
 G. A. R. , of Oakland, Cal., where he resides, and was an alternate dele 
 gate to the twentieth national encampment from California. 
 
 C. MASON KINNE. 
 
 Was born in the State of New York in 1841, and completed a course 
 of studies at the High School at Syracuse. Emigrated to San Francisco 
 in 1858, and joined the ist California Guard in 1859; served as a private 
 until commissioned 2d lieutenant in 1862; resigned to enlist in the Cali 
 fornia Hundred, Company A, 2d Massachusetts Cavalry; was promoted to 
 2d lieutenant of Company A, and to ist lieutenant and adjutant of his 
 regiment; took part in the campaign on the Peninsula, the battles with 
 
528 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Early in his first advance on Washington, and in the subsequent move 
 ments in the Shenandoah Valley; was appointed captain and assistant 
 adjutant-general of the Regular Brigade, ist Cavalry Division, serving 
 with it at the White House, at Five Forks, and at Appomattox; was rec 
 ommended for brevet major; was wounded in one of his ears at Waynes- 
 boro, September 28, 1864, and mustered out in July, 1865. Comrade 
 Kinne is a member of Lincoln Post, G. A. R. , of San Francisco, Cal., his 
 place of residence, and is a past department commander. 
 
 FRANK MILLER. 
 
 Was born in New York city, December 28, 1849; * s a book-keeper. 
 Enlisted in the 2d New York Cavalry as a private, August 18, 1862; was 
 attached to Custer s division, Army of the Shenandoah; took part in the 
 battles of Cedar Creek, Fisher s Hill, Waynesboro, Five Forks, Sailors 
 Creek, and Appomattox; received a wound in the right leg at the battle of 
 Five Forks; at the battle of Sailors Creek captured a battle-flag of a 
 Louisiana battalion, and was awarded a medal of honor by a vote of Con 
 gress in recognition of his meritorious service. Comrade Miller is a mem 
 ber of Colonel Cass Post, of San Francisco, Cal. , where he resides. 
 
 LOUIS P. BROWN. 
 
 Was born in Clinton, N. Y. ; has been a carpenter; is at present a 
 builder. Enlisted, August 9, 1862, in the 73d Indiana Infantry; served 
 as a private throughout his term of enlistment; was attached to the ist 
 Brigade, 2d Division, 4th Army Corps; took part in the battles of Rich 
 mond, Ky., Perry ville, Crab Orchard, Silver Springs, Stone River, Mill 
 Creek, Decatur, Huntsville, Athens, Point Rock, Nashville, Chattanooga, 
 Missionary Ridge, Lookout Mountain, and other engagements; was 
 wounded at Stone River three times; was honorably discharged July, 
 1865. Comrade Brown is a member of Frank Bartlett Post, G. A. R., of 
 Los Angeles, Cal., where he resides. 
 
 EDWARD M. PIKE. 
 
 Was born in Casco, Me., July i, 1838; received his education in pub 
 lic schools and the Illinois State Normal University; has been a teacher; 
 is at present engaged in the manufacture of tile, brick, and patent kilns, 
 at Chenoa, Ills. Enlisted, August 21, 1861, in Company A, 33d Illinois 
 Infantry; took part in twelve battles, and at Cache River, Ark., two small 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 529 
 
 companies of his regiment, with a batten , killed 210 of the enemy in less 
 than four hours; in the heat of the fight, in full face of and almost sur 
 rounded by the foe, he succeeded in dragging off a cannon, around which 
 all the men and horses had been killed, except the wounded lieutenant in 
 command of the battery; was mustered out in October, 1864, having 
 never missed a march or a fight in which his command was engaged. Has 
 served as chief of police, sheriff of McLean County, supervisor for five 
 consecutive terms, and internal revenue officer. Comrade Pike is a mem 
 ber of Chenoa Post, G. A. R. , at Chenoa, Ills. , where he resides, of which 
 he has been senior vice-commander, officer of the day, and commander 
 of his post, and at the twentieth national encampment was a delegate 
 from the department of Illinois. 
 
 LEON E. JONES. 
 
 Was born in 1841 in Platte City, Mo.; has been a merchant, con 
 tractor, and farmer. Enlisted, July 12, 1862, in the i2th Pennsylvania 
 Cavalry, and served as private, sergeant, 2d lieutenant, and ist lieutenant, 
 commissions dating June 24, 1864, and January u, 1865; was attached 
 to the Army of West Virginia; took part in the battles of South Mount 
 ain, Boonesboro, Antietam, Winchester, Gettysburg, and Kernstown; was 
 wounded at Kernstown; carried the dispatches from Grant to Sheridan 
 while the latter was at Harrisburg, Va. , bringing him down the valley on 
 his famous ride; rode no miles in fifteen hours in carrying those dis 
 patches; was honorably discharged in March, 1865. Comrade Jones joined 
 Phil Sheridan Post, G. A. R., of San Jose, Cal., of which he was adjutant; 
 was transferred to George H. Thomas Post, of San Francisco; is a resi 
 dent of Santa Cruz, Cal. 
 
 SAMUEL SWINFIN BURDETT. 
 
 Was born in Leicestershire, England, in 1836; at the age of twelve 
 came to the United States, accompanying an elder brother, and settled 
 near Elmira, Ohio, at which place he attended school. After graduating 
 from Oberlin College, Mr. Burdett removed to Clinton County, la., where 
 he read law, and was soon admitted to the bar. Enlisted in the ist Iowa 
 Cavalry in 1861; commissioned lieutenant, and was promoted to captain 
 in 1862; served in Missouri and Arkansas until 1863, under General S. R. 
 Curtis, when he was detailed as judge-advocate. Returned to Iowa in 1865, 
 and shortly afterward removed to Osceola, Mo. , resuming the practice of 
 his profession. Served two terms as a member of Congress, during the 
 years of 1868 to 1872, and in 1874 was appointed commissioner of the 
 
 21 
 
530 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 general land office; after serving for two years, the arduous duties of the 
 office completely shattering his health, and being compelled to resign, 
 made a tour of the world, in the hope of regaining his lost health, by 
 which he was greatly benefited, and having occasion to visit Peru on 
 business, he remained there in 1878 and 1879, returning to the United 
 States completely restored; since 1879 nas been engaged in the practice 
 of law at Washington, D. C. Mr. Burdett s connection with the Grand 
 Army dates from an early stage in its history; was elected department 
 commander of the department of the Potomac in 1881, and again in 1882; 
 at the 1 9th national encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic, 
 held at Portland, Me., in 1885, was elected Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 FRANK SHBREY. 
 
 Was born May 18, 1835, at St. Michael s Island; has been a sailor, 
 and is at present a farmer. Enlisted, in the ist Connecticut Cavalry, 
 in February, 1863; served as a private; was attached to the Army of the 
 Potomac, and took part in the battles of Winchester and Snake Gap; 
 received a wound in the right shoulder and the right foot; was mustered 
 out in 1865. Comrade Sebrey is a member of Appomattox Post, G. A. R., 
 of Oakland, Cal., and resides at East Oakland. 
 
 STEPHEN P. CORLISS. 
 
 Was born in Albany, N. Y., July 26, 1842. Enlisted, July 15, 1862, 
 in the nth Battery of New York Artillery, as a private; was successively 
 promoted to 2d lieutenant, ist lieutenant, captain of the 4th New York 
 Artillery, brevet major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel; was attached to 
 the Army of the Potomac; was captured August 25, 1864, confined at 
 Libby Prison, and exchanged about November i, 1864; was mustered out, 
 on his own application, December 16, 1865. Is a member of the G. A. R., 
 department of New York, and is a past department commander. 
 
 WILLIS H. WATSON. 
 
 Was born June 22, 1840, in Vincennes, Ind. ; has been and still is a 
 merchant. Enlisted, August 3, 1862, in Company G of the 8oth Indiana 
 Infantry, and was commissioned captain of his company from that date; 
 was attached to the 23d Army Corps; took part in the battle of Perry - 
 ville, Ky.; was wounded in the right side; was honorably discharged at 
 Munfordsville, Ky. Joined the G. A. R., June 10, 1875, at Aurora, Ills.; 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 531 
 
 is a member of Aurora Post at that place, where he resides; has been for 
 two and one-half years quartermaster of his post, and was for three years 
 assistant quartermaster-general of the department of Illinois; in 1865 was 
 appointed assistant postmaster of Savannah, Ga. , and was shortly after 
 wards appointed U. S. assessor for the 4th district of Georgia, which posi 
 tion he held until 1868, when he resigned; went north and engaged in 
 business; has been twice a delegate to conventions to nominate a Presi 
 dent; was vice-president of the soldiers and sailors convention at Chi 
 cago; has represented his G. A. R. post at every State convention since it 
 was organized, and has attended the G. A. R. national encampments at 
 Chicago, Indianapolis, Denver, Memphis, and San Francisco; was also 
 aid-de-camp on the staff of General Hartranft when he was Conimander- 
 in-Chief of the G. A. R. 
 
 JOHN C. BONNELL. 
 
 Was born in Newark, N. J., July 28, 1841; moved to Fort Madison, 
 la., in 1843. Enlisted in Company E, igth Iowa Infantry, July 28, 1862, 
 his twenty-first birthday; was promoted to ist lieutenant in September, 
 1864, and served in that capacity until August 13, 1865, when he was 
 honorably discharged. After the war, engaged in the dry goods trade 
 and manufacturing in Fort Madison; was subsequently employed for six 
 teen years by the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad; removed to 
 Burlington, la., where he has been acting as secretary of the Reserve 
 Mutual Life Association. Comrade Bonnell is a member of the G. A. R., 
 and past department commander of the department of Iowa. 
 
 JOSEPH CHARLES HALL. 
 
 Joseph Charles Hall was born in 1841, in Ashtabula County, Ohio; 
 after receiving a collegiate education at Oberlin, went to Wisconsin, and 
 finally became a pilot on the Upper Mississippi River, in which occupa 
 tion he was engaged when the war broke out. He abandoned his busi 
 ness and enlisted as a private in Company K, 8th Wisconsin Infantry 
 ("The Eagle Regiment"), and after seven months service was discharged 
 for disability; regaining his health, reenlisted in Company E, 33d Wis 
 consin Infantry, which was assigned to duty with the Army of the Ten 
 nessee; was engaged with his command, in 1862, at Hatchie River and 
 Cold water, in north Mississippi, and in 1863 at Champion Hills, Jackson, 
 Raymond, Black River, and in the siege of Vicksburg; in 1864 was on 
 the Meridian expedition, under Sherman, and on return his regiment and 
 
532 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 others of the i yth Corps were assigned to the command of General A. J. 
 Smith, and proceeded on the Red River expedition; returning to and pro 
 ceeding up the Mississippi River to Memphis, Smith s command moved 
 into Mississippi; was badly wounded at the battle of Tupelo; was dis 
 charged from hospital and rejoined his regiment at St. Louis, and was 
 with it in its pursuit of Price out of Missouri in October and November, 
 1864; ordered to Nashville; took part, with his regiment, in the battles 
 there of December i5th and i6th, in which the rebel forces under Hood 
 were so completely defeated ; moving to Eastport, the command proceeded 
 by water to Mobile Bay, where he participated in the capture of Spanish 
 Fort and Fort Blakely on April 8 and 9, 1865; marching to Montgomery, 
 Ala., and thence garrisoning Tuskegee until August, his regiment pro 
 ceeded to Madison, Wis., where he was honorably discharged. Settling 
 in Iowa, engaged in mercantile pursuits for a number of years, when he 
 came to San Francisco, where he now holds an official position under 
 municipal authority. Comrade Hall established the Pacific Veteran, a 
 weekly journal devoted to G. A. R. interests, and has been a member of 
 Lincoln Post, No. i, department of California, since 1877; is a resident 
 of San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 WILLIAM E. MASON. 
 
 Was born in Rushville, Ills., July 22, 1838; a farmer by occupation. 
 Enlisted, February 4, 1864, in the 66th Illinois Veteran Infantry; was 
 attached to the i5th Army Corps; was in the battles of Culpeper Court 
 house, 2d Bull Run, South Mountain, Antietam, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw 
 Mountain, Decatur, Atlanta, Columbia, S. C., Chevaw, and Bentonville; 
 was wounded in the face and taken prisoner at Chambersburg; was honor 
 ably discharged at the end of the war. Comrade Mason is a member of 
 Ellsworth Post, G. A. R. , of Silver Creek, Neb., where he resides; has 
 been senior vice-commander of his post. 
 
 JOSEPH HENRY BARBOUR. 
 
 Was born in Orion, Mich., in 1843; was attending school at the out 
 break of the war, but left to enlist as a private in Company A, 9th Mich 
 igan Infantry, August 13, 1861; took part in the Kentucky campaign; 
 engaged in erecting fortifications, skirmishing and reconnoitering; partici 
 pated in the battle of Murfreesboro; in 1862 was captured, and exchanged 
 in time to take part in the battle of Chickamauga. Reenlisted, in the 
 Army of the Cumberland, with his regiment, which was reorganized as 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 533 
 
 veterans; was made sergeant of his old company, promoted to ist lieuten 
 ant, Company K, i6th U. S. Colored Regiment, and soon after made 
 adjutant of the regiment; was at the battle of Nashville, December, 1864; 
 mustered out at the close of the war, when a commission was offered to 
 him in the Regular Army, which he declined. Is at present engaged in 
 the fruit-canning business at San Jose, Cal. , where he has been residing 
 since 1872. Comrade Barbour is a member of John A. Dix Post, of San 
 Jose, and is a member of the council of administration, department of 
 California. 
 
 WILLIAM F. ROGERS. 
 
 Was born in Northampton County, Pa., March i, 1820; a printer by 
 trade. Entered the service as captain of Company C, 2ist New York 
 Infantry; was promoted to colonel and brevet brigadier-general, and 
 mustered out of the service May 19, 1863. Since the war has been city 
 comptroller of Buffalo, mayor, member of Congress, and secretary of the 
 park commission ; is at present major-general of the 4th Division, National 
 Guard of New York; is a member of Chapin Post, G. A. R., of Buffalo, 
 N. Y. , where he resides; has served as its commander, and is a past com 
 mander of the department. 
 
 CHARLES R. THOMPSON. 
 
 Was born in Bath, Me., February 24, 1840. Enlisted in 1861, in a 
 Missouri engineer regiment, as a private; was commissioned ist lieuten 
 ant in November, 1861; captain and aid-de-camp, January, 1863; colonel, 
 1 2th U. S. Colored Infantry, August, 1863; and was brevetted brigadier- 
 general, February, 1865 ; took part in the battles at New Madrid, 
 Island No. 10, Farmington, Corinth, Stone River, Johnsonville, and Nash 
 ville; was honorably discharged in January, 1866. Comrade Thompson 
 is a member of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R. , of San Francisco, Cal. , 
 where he resides, and is at present treasurer of the California Safe Deposit 
 and Trust Company. 
 
 ELIJAH SELLS. 
 
 Was born in Franklin County, Ohio, February 5, 1816; has been a 
 farmer, manufacturer, merchant, and at the outbreak of the war was serv 
 ing his third term as Secretary of State of Iowa; was active in assisting 
 the governor of Iowa to organize the troops of that State; was commis 
 sioned paymaster in the army; refused the use of his name as a candidate 
 for governor, whilst serving in the field; was commissioned a master in 
 
534 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the U. S. Navy in 1863, and assigned to the receiving-ship Grampus, of 
 the Mississippi Squadron; was promoted to lieutenant; resigned August 
 i, 1864, to accept the position of 3d auditor of the U. S. Treasury, and 
 afterward was auditor of the Treasury for the Postoffice Department. 
 Comrade Sells is a member of J. B. McKean Post, G. A. R., of Salt Lake 
 City, Utah Ty., where he resides, and is at present department commander. 
 
 PHILIP H. SHERIDAN. 
 
 Was born in the village of Somerset, Perry County, Ohio, March 6, 
 1831; received a common school education, and was for a time a clerk in 
 a country store; was appointed a cadet to the U. S. military academy at 
 West Point by the member of Congress from the district in which he 
 resided; entering the institution in 1848, and from which he graduated 
 July i, 1853, when he was assigned as brevet 2d lieutenant, ist U. S. Infan 
 try; his first service was in Texas against the Indians; was promoted to 
 2d lieutenant, 4th Infantry, November 22, 1854, and joined his regiment, 
 then on duty in Oregon and Washington Territory; took part in the 
 Yakima campaign, and the other military operations during the Oregon 
 Indian war of 1855 and 1856; commanded a detachment of troops in the 
 fight with Indians at the Cascades, Washington Ty., in 1856; promoted 
 to ist lieutenant, 4th Infantry, March i, 1861; captain, i3th Infantry, May 
 i, 1 86 1, and ordered to report for duty at Jefferson Barracks, St. Louis, Mo. ; 
 acted as quartermaster and commissary for General Curtis at the com 
 mencement of his Pea Ridge campaign; became colonel, 2d Michigan 
 Cavalry, May 25, 1862, and assigned to the command of a brigade of 
 cavalry, with which he fought the Confederate forces under General Chal 
 mers at Boonville, Miss., July i, 1862; was promoted to brigadier-general 
 of volunteers, to date from that action; became major-general of volun 
 teers, December 31, 1862; commanded a division in the pursuit of the 
 Confederate general Bragg, and at the battles of Perryville, Murfreesboro 
 (Stone River), Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Mission Ridge, and other 
 important engagements in the department of Tennessee; was transferred 
 to the scene of operations in Virginia, and made chief of cavalry of the 
 Army of the Potomac; the corps under his command of eleven months, 
 from May 5, 1864, to April 9, 1865 (the day on which the Confederate 
 army, under General Lee, surrendered), was engaged in seventy-six battles, 
 captured one hundred and seventy field-pieces, and two hundred and 
 five battle-flags ; appointed brigadier-general, U. S. Army, September 
 20, 1864; major-general, U. S. Army, November 8, 1864, u for the per 
 sonal gallantry, military skill, and just confidence in the courage and 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 535 
 
 patriotism of his troops, displayed by him on October igth, at Cedar Run, 
 whereby under the blessings of Providence his routed army was reorgan 
 ized, a great national disaster averted, and a brilliant victory achieved 
 over the rebels for the third time in pitched battle within thirty days;" 
 the thanks of Congress were tendered to Major-General Philip H. Sheri 
 dan, and to the officers and soldiers under his command, by joint resolu 
 tion, approved February 9, 1865, " for the gallantry, military skill, and 
 courage displayed in the brilliant series of victories achieved by them in 
 the valley of the Shenandoah, and especially for their services at Cedar 
 Run on October 19, 1864, which retrieved the fortunes of the day, and 
 thus averted a great disaster." General Sheridan became lieutenant- 
 general of the army March 4, 1869. He is a member of the Grand Army 
 of the Republic and also of the Loyal Legion, and, as commander of the 
 army, has his official residence in Washington city, D. C. 
 
 JOSEPH W. BRACKETT. 
 
 Was born in Otsego County, N. Y., January 19, 1815; has been a 
 lawyer, and from 1831 to 1836 a midshipman in the U. S. Navy; went to 
 California in 1849. Enlisted in the gth Illinois Cavalry, January i, 1862; 
 was commissioned ist lieutenant in January, 1862; was attached to the 
 1 6th Army Corps; took part in the battles of Galloway Farm, Cache 
 Bayou, Helena, Ark. , and Germantown, Tenn. ; was taken prisoner at 
 Helena; mustered out April 8, 1863. Comrade Brackett is a member of 
 Major-General John Buford Post, of Rock Island, Ills., where he resides, 
 and has served as senior vice-commander and commander of his post. 
 
 DANIEL A. GROSVENOR. 
 
 Was born in Athens County, Ohio, March 4, 1839; was educated in 
 the district schools, and attended the academy at Castile, N. Y.; has 
 been a farmer and teacher. Enlisted, April 19, 1861, as a private in 
 Company C, 3d Ohio Infantry, and reenlisted at the end of three months 
 service; was attached to General McClellan s command, and took part in 
 the West Virginia campaign of 1861; in November of that year was 
 attached to the Army of the Cumberland, and participated in the actions 
 of Bowling Green, Nashville, Huntsville, and Bridgeport; was severely 
 wounded at Perryville by a minie-ball through the left thigh, and dis 
 abled for several months; participated in Straight s raid through Georgia, 
 during which he was wounded May 4, 1863, and taken prisoner with his 
 entire regiment; was exchanged; participated in the pursuit of Morgan 
 
536 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 in Ohio and his surrender in August, 1863; returned to the Army of the 
 Cumberland in September, 1863, doing arduous duty in the campaign to 
 Chattanooga, where he remained until the fall of Atlanta; was mustered 
 out, with his command, June 23, 1864. After the war, entered into mer 
 cantile business in Cincinnati; in 1877 was commissioned assistant adju 
 tant-general of Ohio, and during his term of office rendered material aid 
 in the settlement of labor difficulties which threatened, at one time, dread 
 ful results; was appointed in March, 1880, clerk in the Treasury Depart 
 ment; in the meantime took a thorough course of study in the National 
 University Law School of Washington, D. C., graduating in 1884 with 
 the degree of master of law. Comrade Grosvenor was a member of George 
 G. Meade Post, department of the Potomac, and afterwards became a 
 member of Burnside Post, same department, to which he still belongs; 
 has been officer of the guard, junior vice-commander, and senior vice- 
 commander of his post; was twice a delegate to the department encamp 
 ment, a member of the department council of administration, and twice 
 a representative to the national encampment; was one of the committee 
 on resolutions at the 2oth national encampment at San Francisco. 
 
 JAMES J. LYON. 
 
 Was born July 22, 1837, in West Pembroke, Genesee County, N. Y. ; 
 removing with his parents to Michigan, he received an academic educa 
 tion, and at the outbreak of the Rebellion was a citizen of Kansas; no 
 troops being required from that young State under President Lincoln s 
 first call, he went to Washington to aid in its defense; remaining there 
 until the ist Michigan Infantry, a three months regiment, arrived, filled 
 to the maximum, an accident created a vacancy in Company B, in which 
 he enlisted June 2, 1861; severe illness prevented him from participating 
 in the first battle of Bull Run ; was mustered out with his regiment 
 at Detroit, Mich., August 7, 1861 ; on October gth of the same year 
 enlisted in Michigan, in Company H, 24th Regiment, Missouri Infantry, 
 and going to St. Louis was mustered in at Benton Barracks; promoted 
 to ist sergeant, November i, 1861; a month later was elected ist lieu 
 tenant of his company ; performed garrison and camp duty at Pilot 
 Knob and Rolla, in the Army of the Southwest, under General Curtis; 
 moved from the latter point in January, 1862, to drive the rebel forces of 
 General Price from the State; the 24th Missouri was part of Dodge s 
 brigade, Carr s division, and accomplishing its object, the army afterwards 
 fought the returned forces of Price and McCullough at Pea Ridge, Ark., 
 (March 6, 7, 8, 1862) Lieutenant Lyon having command of his own and 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 537 
 
 another company (I), losing several in killed and wounded in each com 
 pany, marched to Helena, Ark., via Batesville; was promoted to captain, 
 July 16, 1862; his regiment was transferred to Missouri in October of that 
 year, and during the next twelve months performed duty at Pilot Knob, 
 Patterson, and Rolla, besides forming part of several uneventful expedi 
 tions; served as acting assistant adjutant- general of brigade, division, and 
 district; was ordered to St. Louis, where he performed duty as judge- 
 advocate of district and department courts-martial and military commis 
 sions; his regiment having become transferred, and about to take the field 
 against Forrest in West Tennessee, he rejoined it, and later was assigned 
 to duty by Major-General Hurlbut as judge-advocate, 3d Division, i6th 
 Army Corps; he served in the Meridian expedition, and the one up Red 
 River in 1864, and in all the battles and campaigns of General A. J. 
 Smith s command of that corps; on October i, 1864, was promoted to 
 major over captains senior in rank, and was retained in service by a special 
 order of the Secretary of War, after a majority of his regiment had been 
 mustered out; after the battle of Nashville, Term., the recruits and 
 re-enlisted men of the 24th Missouri and Major Ly.on. were consolidated 
 with the 2ist Missouri Veteran Infantry, and upon the reorganization of 
 the 1 6th Army Corps he was assigned to duty in it as assistant inspector- 
 general, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel; having received commissions 
 as lieutenant-colonel and colonel of his regiment, he finally resigned 
 from the service at Mobile, Ala., August 7, 1865, precisely four years 
 from the date of his "muster out" at Detroit, Mich., in 1861; migrating 
 to Montana early in 1866, engaged in merchandising and quartz-mining, 
 and in 1874 settled in San Francisco, where he is now engaged in jour 
 nalism; joining Lincoln Post, of the department of California, G. A. R., 
 he served as its commander during the years 1878-79, and through his 
 efforts is largely due the enactment of the law making the 3oth of May 
 a legal holiday in this State; in 1880 he originated the movement result 
 ing in the Veterans Home at Yountville; as editor of the Pacific Veteran 
 he is widely known among the comrades of the Grand Army of the 
 Republic. 
 
 HOWARD W. WELLS. 
 
 Was born in Concord, Me., May 14, 1838; attended the common and 
 high schools; has been a mechanic; had formerly belonged to the old 6th 
 Massachusetts Regiment, and enlisted, May 27, 1862, in Company A, i6th 
 Maine Infantry; in which he was sergeant; was attached to the Army of 
 the Potomac, and took part in many of the battles in which that army 
 was engaged; was severely wounded at the battle of Fredericksburg, 
 
538 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 December 13, 1863, suffering the loss of his right leg; was honorably dis 
 charged, May 3, 1864; made a study of the manufacture of artificial 
 limbs, and went into that business. Comrade Wells is an active member 
 of the G. A. R. , department of Maine, and was an alternate delegate to 
 the 2oth national encampment; resides at Oakland, Me. 
 
 JACOB KUHNLE. 
 
 Was born May 16, 1838, in Wittenberg, Germany; is a farmer by 
 occupation. Enlisted in the ist Michigan Cavalry, August 16, 1861, and 
 served as a private; was attached to General Sheridan s cavalry; the regi 
 ment was sent across the plains, and mustered out in 1866. Comrade 
 Kuhnle is a member of Antietam Post, G. A. R., of Petaluma, Cal., 
 where he resides. 
 
 R. S. JOHNSON. 
 
 Was born in England, April n, 1835; is a merchant and livery-stable 
 keeper. Enlisted, and was commissioned captain in Company K, ist 
 California Cavalry, February 18, 1863; was engaged entirely in Indian 
 warfare; was honorably discharged, February 28, 1865; is a city council 
 man of Stockton, Cal. Comrade Johnson is a member of Rawlins Post, 
 G. A. R., of Stockton; has been department inspector, senior vice-com 
 mander, and is now commander of the post; attended the 2oth national 
 encampment. 
 
 WILLIAM E. CARMAN. 
 
 Was born in St. Louis, Mo., May u, 1841; is in the saddlery busi 
 ness. Enlisted, March 4, 1862, as a private, in Company H, 4th Kansas 
 Infantry; was promoted to corporal, and to sergeant; was mustered out, 
 August 25, 1864. Comrade Carman is a member of Monitor Post, of 
 Willows, Colusa County, Cal., and has been adjutant of the post; resi 
 dence at Petaluma, Cal. 
 
 JOSEPH I. SAYLES. 
 
 Was born in Plymouth, N. Y., October 7, 1844; was a farmer in his 
 youth; graduated at the Albany Law School in 1866, and is at present 
 engaged in the practice of law in Rome, N. Y. Enlisted in Company H, 
 1 7th New York Regiment, April 29, 1861; was with it when it took pos 
 session of Alexandria, Va. , May 23, 1861; took part in the siege of York- 
 town, and in the Peninsula campaign under McClellan; was honorably 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 539 
 
 discharged in June, 1862. Has been an alderman of the city and justice 
 of the peace. Comrade Sayles was a charter member of Skillin Post, 
 G. A. R., of Rome, N. Y. , and served as its commander nine years, also 
 as judge-advocate of the department and department commander. 
 
 GEORGE F. STILLWELL. 
 
 Was born in Clark County, Ohio, November 28, 1842; is an engi 
 neer. Enlisted, in the i3th Iowa Infantry, in August, 1862, as a private; 
 and reenlisted, in the 33d Iowa Infantry; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 
 3d Division, i3th Army Corps; was mustered out, August, 1865. Com 
 rade Stillwell is a member of Antietam Post, of Petaluma, Cal., where he 
 resides. 
 
 R. J. FALLS. 
 
 Was born August 19, 1819, at Little Falls, Herkimer County, N. Y.; 
 received a common school education. August 6, 1838, enlisted in Com 
 pany F, 8th U. S. Infantry, and participated in the Seminole War, during 
 which he was wounded; promoted to corporal; afterwards to sergeant; 
 re-enlisted in 1844, and was assigned to duty as orderly-sergeant of Com 
 pany C, ist U. S. Dragoons; accompanied General Stephen W. Kearny 
 on his overland expedition across the plains, at the breaking out of the 
 Mexican War; was in the battle of San Paschal, December 6, 1846, and 
 was recommended by his commanding officers for promotion to a lieuten 
 ancy on account of his conduct in that action; in 1849 became a miner 
 in California; then settled down on a ranch in Napa County; in 1861, at 
 the outbreak of the war, aided in the formation of the 2d California Cav 
 alry; commissioned captain of Company F, and assigned to duty at Salt 
 Lake; resigned his commission and proceeded to Washington, D. C. , where 
 he was at once appointed major of the ist Pennsylvania Cavalry; took 
 part in the battles of Falmouth, Gray s Station, Strasburg, Woodstock, 
 Edinburg, Mount Jackson, New Market, Rapidan River, Cedar Mountain, 
 Rappahannock, Centreville, Fairfax, Middlebury, Aldie, Salome, War- 
 renton, and Fredericksburg; led a charge at Cedar Mountain, in which he 
 lost 192 men out of 264; in 1863 was in the engagements at Port Conway, 
 Hazel and Muddy rivers, and along the Rappahannock, Sulphur Springs, 
 Warrenton, Culpeper Ford, Ash by s Gap, Salem, Gravel Hill, Reams 
 Station, and others; and in 1864 at Trevallian Station, White House, St. 
 Mary s Church, Malvern Hill, Lee s Mill, and Gravel Hill; at Fredericks- 
 burg was detailed as acting assistant inspector-general of the 2d Brigade, 
 3d Division, Cavalry Corps; was afterwards assigned to the same duty on 
 
540 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the staff of General Franklin; was sent to Philadelphia to take charge of 
 the depot of substitutes and dratted men; returned to his command, and 
 assumed control of his battalion; in 1864, at Gravel Hill, was severely 
 wounded by a piece of shell; was honorably discharged towards the end 
 of the war; returning to California, was for several years employed in the 
 civil service of the Government at Mare Island and in the customs; in 
 1875 was appointed a member of the police force of San Francisco, as 
 sergeant. Comrade Falls is a member of Lincoln Post, G. A. R., of San 
 Francisco, his place of residence; is also marshal of the Associated Vet 
 erans of the Mexican War. 
 
 DEWITT C. CUDDEBECK. 
 
 Was born in Hancock County, Ills.; is a farmer. Enlisted, in the 
 1 2th Illinois Cavalry, January i, 1862; was a private, and promoted to 
 sergeant; was attached to General Buford s corps; was honorably dis 
 charged, in July, 1865. Comrade Cuddebeck is a member of Corinth 
 Post, G. A. R., of Marysville, Cal. , where he resides. 
 
 JOHN S. HUMER. 
 
 Was born in Carlisle, Pa., October 29, 1841. Enlisted, April 21, 
 1861; was a corporal; attached to the 2d Brigade, 5th Army Corps; was 
 honorably discharged, June 16, 1864. Comrade Humer is a member of 
 Captain Colwell Post, G. A. R., of Carlisle, Pa., his place of residence. 
 
 CHARLES H. HOUGHTON. 
 
 Was born in St. Lawrence County, N. Y. , April 30, 1842; was edu 
 cated in district and select schools; has been engaged in mercantile pur 
 suits, and in the civil service of the Government; is now connected with 
 the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. At the outbreak of the war enlisted 
 as a private in Company B, 6oth New York Volunteers, of which he was 
 selected ist sergeant, commanding his company for a time in the field; 
 was promoted to 2d lieutenant; raised a company for the i4th New York 
 Artillery; was attached to the gth Army Corps, and took part in the battle 
 of the Wilderness, and all other battles of the campaigns in which the 
 corps was engaged; was in both sieges of Petersburg; commanded the ist 
 battalion, and, for a time, his whole regiment; was in front of Petersburg at 
 the explosion of the mine; and at the battle of Weldon Railroad; defended 
 Fort Haskell against the assaults of Gordon s troops, and in the heat of 
 the conflict his right leg was shattered by a shell; at the same moment a 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 541 
 
 case-shot passed through his colors and exploded, fragments of which 
 struck him on the left temple and right hand; several bullets also passed 
 through his clothing; was assigned to staff duty as acting assistant inspector- 
 general; was brevetted major, U. S. Volunteers, by the President; made 
 brevet lieutenant-colonel by the governor of his State, and promoted to 
 colonel; was detailed as a member of general court-martial at Washington; 
 was mustered out September n, 1865. Comrade Hough ton organized 
 Reno Post, G. A. R., department of New Jersey, in 1867, which disband 
 ing, he joined Phil Kearny Post, of New Brunswick, N. J., and was its 
 commander; in May organized Charles S. Olden Post, G. A. R., at Metuck- 
 see, N. J. ; was elected its first commander, and is still connected with it; 
 was junior vice-department commander and department commander; 
 whilst acting in the latter capacity he founded the Loyal Ladies League, 
 auxiliary to the G. A. R., and whose membership is restricted to the 
 mothers, wives, sisters, and daughters of soldiers of the Union, and army 
 nurses. 
 
 DANIEL CRONK. 
 
 Was born in Newark, N. J. ; is a farmer. Enlisted, in the nth Con 
 necticut Regiment, in December, 1861; was a private throughout the 
 war; was attached to the gth and i8th Army Corps. Comrade Cronk 
 is a member of Gushing Post, G. A. R. , of Astoria, Or., where he resides. 
 
 W. S. NEWMAN. 
 
 Was born December 22, 1846; is a lawyer by profession, and engaged 
 in its practice at Avon, N. Y. Enlisted, May 14, 1861, in Company A, 
 1 3th New York Infantry; was president of the village from 1876 to 1878; 
 chairman of the board of supervisors of Livingston County, N. Y., 1879-80; 
 and president of the New York State Freeman s Association. Comrade 
 Newman is a member of H. C. Cutler Post, G. A. R., of Avon; is now 
 serving his second term as its commander, and was alternate delegate to 
 the twentieth national encampment. 
 
 LEVI R. BIXBY. 
 
 Was born October 31, 1818, in Westfield, Mass.; a carpenter by 
 trade. Enlisted, October 8, 1864, in Company H of the 7th California 
 Infantry, at Coulterville; served as a private; served in Bear Valley, San 
 Francisco, Drum Barracks, lower California, Fort Yuma, on the Arizona 
 line, and Fort Goodwin; was honorably discharged, March i, 1866. 
 
542 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 Came to California in 1851, and followed his trade for a time; served in a 
 coasting vessel for three years; then went to the mines, and remained 
 about ten years, during which time joined an independent company of 
 home guards. Comrade Bixby is a member of Lyon Post, G. A. R., of 
 Oakland, Cal. , where he resides; is outside sentinel. 
 
 JAMBS L. WINANS. 
 
 Was born in Indiana, June 19, 1839; is engaged in mercantile busi 
 ness. Enlisted, in icoth Indiana Regiment, August 22, 1862; was a ser 
 geant, and promoted, May, 1865, to 2d lieutenant; was attached to the 
 2d Brigade, ist Division, i5th Army Corps; was mustered out, June, 1865. 
 Comrade Winans is a member of Antietam Post, G. A. R., of Petaluma, 
 Cal., where he resides; has been post commander and assistant inspector. 
 
 BENJAMIN HAYES. 
 
 Was born in Ireland, November 15, 1828; is a tailor. Enlisted, in 
 the gth Massachusetts Infantry 7 , April 17, 1861; was a corporal; attached 
 to the 2d Brigade, ist Division, 5th Army Corps; was honorably dis 
 charged, June 17, 1864. Comrade Hayes is a member of Custer Post, 
 G. A. R., of Petaluma, Cal., his place of residence. 
 
 ADIN B. UNDERWOOD. 
 
 Was born in Milford, Mass., May 19, 1828; graduated at Brown Uni 
 versity in 1849, an( ^ took a course of study in Germany; was commissioned 
 captain in the 2d Massachusetts Infantry; was afterward promoted to 
 major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel of the 33d Massachusetts Infantry 
 in 1862; to brigadier-general, November 6, 1863; was brevetted major- 
 general in August, 1865; was wounded October 29, 1863, by a minie-ball 
 in the right thigh, at Lookout Mountain; resigned September i, 1865; 
 has been surveyor of customs at Boston since 1865, where he resides. 
 Comrade Underwood is a past department commander, G. A. R., of Massa 
 chusetts. 
 
 GARVIN E. CAUKIN. 
 
 Was born in Livingston County, N. Y., July 16, 1827; received a 
 common school education; has been a carpenter and cabinet-maker. 
 Enlisted, February 27, 1864, as a private in Company K, ist Minnesota 
 Infantry; was promoted to corporal in September, 1864; commissioned 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 543 
 
 captain of company, same regiment, and honorably discharged June 15, 
 1865. Since the close of the war has been engaged in the insurance 
 business, and has been serving as district agent of the Travelers Insur 
 ance Company of Portland, Or. Comrade Caukin is a member of George 
 Wright Post, G. A. R., of Portland, Or., where he resides; is a past 
 department commander. 
 
 OLIVER P. CHARLES. 
 
 Was born at Unadilla Forks, N. Y., December 22, 1843; nas been a 
 carpenter and telegraph operator; is at present a lawyer in Utica, N. Y. 
 Enlisted, November 6, 1861, in Company K, 97th New York Infantry; 
 was honorably discharged in 1863; re-enlisted, 1863, in the same regiment; 
 was wounded in the foot at Fredericksburg; promoted to be sergeant; taken 
 prisoner at Cold Harbor, 1864, and remained at Andersonville until the 
 close of the war; was mustered out June 25, 1865. Comrade Charles is a 
 member of W. H. Reynolds Post, G. A. R., of Utica, N. Y., and has 
 been its commander. 
 
 JEROME A. ANDREWS. 
 
 Was born in East Otto, N. Y., January 6, 1839; has been a farmer, 
 and is at present a merchant. Enlisted, May 14, 1861, in Company I, 
 37th New York Infantry; was attached to Birney s brigade, Kearny s 
 division; took part in all the actions in which that division was engaged; 
 at Chancellorsville was wounded by a fragment of shell; was honorably 
 discharged on account of disability, June 22, 1863; re-enlisted, and served 
 until mustered out, May, 1865; has been postmaster of Cattaraugus, N. Y. 
 Comrade Andrews is a member of E. A. Andrews Post, G. A. R. , of 
 Cattaraugus, where he resides, and has been its commander three years, 
 and quartermaster one year; was a delegate to the twentieth national 
 encampment. 
 
 DANIEL E. SICKLES. 
 
 Was born in New York city, October 20, 1822; was a student at the 
 University of New York; admitted to the practice of law in 1844; has 
 served in the two houses of the New York Legislature several terms; was 
 secretary of legation during Mr. Buchanan s term as Minister to England, 
 1853; elected to Congress, 1856; reelected, 1858 and 1860. At the out 
 break of the war, raised the Excelsior Regiment in New York, of which 
 he was commissioned colonel; promoted to be brigadier-general, command 
 ing a brigade in the 3d Corps during the Chickahominy campaign; succeeded 
 
514 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 General Hooker to the command of the division, which he led at Antie- 
 tam and Fredericksburg ; was commissioned major-general volunteers, 
 November 29, 1862; commanded the 3d Corps at Chancellorsville, and at 
 Gettysburg, where he received a wound which caused him the loss of a 
 leg; appointed colonel, 42d Infantry, in the Regular Army, July 28, 1866; 
 took command of the 2d Military District, including the States of North 
 Carolina and South Carolina, where he remained until 1867; was retired 
 with the rank of major-general, April 14, 1869; appointed Minister to 
 Spain, and resigned in 1874. Comrade Sickles is a member of the 
 G. A. R. , having joined at its early organization; has been department 
 commander, department of New York ; is also a member of the Loyal 
 Legion. 
 
 E. B. CASEY. 
 
 Was born October 15, 1837, in East Tennessee; is a farmer by occupa 
 tion. Enlisted, as a private, in Company D, 7ist Indiana Regiment, June 
 1 6, 1863; was attached to the Army of the Cumberland, and to Stone- 
 man s cavalry division; engaged in the battles of Buzzard s Roost, Resaca, 
 Cartersville, Kenesaw, Macon, and Sunshine Church; was taken prisoner 
 near Macon, Ga., August, 1864, and confined at Andersonville, then at 
 Charleston, and at Florence; was paroled February, 1865, and honorably 
 discharged June 12, 1865; emigrated to Arkansas, where he resumed farm 
 ing, and is judge of the county court of Logan County. Comrade Casey 
 is a member of George G. Meade Post, of Booneville, Ark., where he 
 resides, and has served as adjutant of the post and aid-de-camp. 
 
 HENRY W. SLOCUM. 
 
 Was born at Delhi, N. Y., September 24, 1827; graduated from West 
 Point in 1852; was assigned to duty as lieutenant in the ist Artillery, and 
 was stationed at Charleston and in Florida; during his leisure moments 
 studied law, and resigning from the army was admitted to the bar; when 
 war was declared in 1861, organized the 27th New York Infantry, which 
 he commanded at the battle of Bull Run, where he was severely wounded ; 
 was promoted to brigadier-general, and given the command of a brigade 
 in Franklin s division; commanded the ist Division of the 6th Corps in 
 the Peninsula campaign; was promoted to major-general; took part in 
 Pope s campaign; followed Lee into Maryland; carried Crampton s Gap 
 by assault, and captured a number of prisoners; succeeded to the com 
 mand of the 1 2th Corps; took part in the operations on the Rapidan, and 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 545 
 
 in the battle of Gettysburg; 1863, was assigned to the command of the 
 Department of the Mississippi; subsequently was transferred to the com 
 mand of the 20th corps in Sherman s army, and five days after assumino- 
 that command received the surrender of Atlanta; in Sherman s march to 
 the sea he divided his force into two armies the Army of Tennessee, in 
 command of General Howard, and the Army of Georgia, under General 
 Slocum. Comrade Slocum is a member of Rankin Post, G. A. R., of 
 Brooklyn, N. Y., where he resides; has several times attended the national 
 encampments. 
 
 ULYSSES SIMPSON GRANT. 
 
 Was born in the village of Point Pleasant, Clermont County, Ohio, 
 April 27, 1822; he was originally named Hiram Ulysses, but through a 
 mistake of the member of Congress from his district, svho conferred upon 
 him the appointment, his cadet s warrant was made out for Ulysses S. 
 Grant, and after a futile attempt to have it corrected at West Point, where 
 he was informed by the authorities that they could not alter the warrant 
 issued by the War Department, <he quietly adopted the name by which he 
 was ever afterwards known. Entering the United States military academy 
 in 1839, he was graduated in 1843, ^ n a c l ass which furnished several 
 generals to both the Union and Confederate armies; was appointed brevet 
 2d lieutenant, 4th U. S. Infantry, July i, 1843, which regiment was then 
 stationed at Jefferson Barracks, near St. Louis, Mo.; promoted to 2d 
 lieutenant, yth Infantry, September 30, 1845, but preferring to remain 
 with the 4th, effected a transfer to it; was with his regiment when it formed 
 a portion of the army of occupation under General Zachary Taylor at 
 Corpus Christi, Tex., in the fall and winter of 1845-46; participated in 
 the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma the earliest battles of 
 the Mexican War; was also present at the assault and capture of Monterey, 
 in which he was specially mentioned by his commanding officer for con 
 spicuous gallantry. The 4th Infantry, with other regiments of the Regular 
 Army, was transferred to the army under General Scott, formed for opera 
 tions against the city of Mexico from the Vera Cruz line; Lieutenant Grant 
 was at this period appointed regimental quartermaster; was at the siege of 
 Vera Cruz, the battles of Cerro Gordo, and those in the valley of the city 
 of Mexico; brevetted ist lieutenant for "gallant and meritorious con 
 duct at Molino del Rev," and captain for "gallant conduct at the storm 
 ing of Chapultepec." In all of the actions under General Scott he 
 commanded detachments of his regiment, declining to avail himself of his 
 privilege, as a staff officer, to remain in charge of his trains. After the 
 
 2 K 
 
546 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 war was stationed at Detroit, Mich., and Sackett s Harbor, N. Y., until 
 1852, when the regiment was ordered to the Pacific Coast; was on duty as 
 regimental quartermaster at Fort Vancouver, Washington Ty. , until Decem 
 ber i, 1853, when, having received notice of his promotion to captain, 4th 
 Infantry, which was dated August 5, 1853, he proceeded to Fort Hum- 
 boldt, Cal., where the company to which he had been promoted was sta 
 tioned. Resigned, July 31, 1854. Was for a time engaged in farming 
 near St. Louis, Mo. , then in various occupations in that city, and after 
 wards in the tannery business with his father at Galena, Ills. ; was so 
 employed when the Civil War broke out; offering first his services to the 
 War Department, to which he received no response, he turned his military 
 education to the advantage of the Government by recruiting and drilling 
 the first company raised in Galena, and went with it to the State capital; 
 was appointed by Governor Yates adjutant-general of the State, and 
 served in that position for a short period; commissioned colonel, 2ist Illinois 
 Volunteer Infantry, June 17, 1861, a three months regiment, \vhich after 
 wards re-enlisted for three years; marched the regiment to Ouincy, Ills., 
 and from thence proceeded to Northern Missouri, to protect railroad lines, 
 where he commanded a brigade; August 9, 1861, was appointed by Presi 
 dent Lincoln brigadier-general of volunteers the commission, however, 
 being dated from May 17, 1861 and assigned to the command of the 
 military district of southeastern Missouri, with headquarters at Cairo, Ills. ; 
 was in command at the battles of Belmont, Fort Donelson, Shiloh, the 
 engagements at the siege of Vicksburg, Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain, 
 Missionary Ridge, and a number of the other important engagements 
 occurring during his period of service with the Western armies; commis 
 sioned major-general of volunteers, to date from the capture of Fort Don 
 elson, February 16, 1862; appointed major-general, United States Army, 
 to date from the surrender of Vicksburg, July 4, 1863; became lieutenant- 
 general, March 2, 1864, which office had never been filled in the United 
 States Army except by Washington, and with brevet appointment only by 
 Winfield Scott, and was revived by special act of Congress as a recogni 
 tion of the brilliant services of Major-General Grant. Ordered to Wash 
 ington city, on the reception of his new commission, which placed him in 
 command of all the armies in the field, he took immediate charge of mili 
 tary operations in Virginia. Accompanying in person the Army of the 
 Potomac, he commanded in the battles with the Confederate forces under 
 General Robert E. Lee at the Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court-house, Cold 
 Harbor, the siege of Petersburg, and the principal engagements in the 
 vicinity of Richmond, and finally received the surrender of Lee at Appo- 
 mattox Court-house, April 9, 1865, which virtually closed the war. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. r>47 
 
 General Grant had his horse shot under him at Belmont, and after 
 the capture of Vicksburg, on a visit to New Orleans, was disabled for two 
 months, owing to a fall from a fractions horse, bnt with these exceptions, 
 though constantly exposed, he escaped the casualties of war. Received 
 the thanks of Congress, and by a resolution, approved December 17, 1863, 
 a gold medal was presented to him. Congress, in further acknowledg 
 ment of his services, created the higher grade of general, to which he was 
 appointed July 25, 1869. During a portion of President Johnson s admin 
 istration acted as Secretary of War. Served two terms as President of the 
 United States, 1869-1877. Made a tour of the world after the expiration 
 of his last term of office, and was received with distinguished considera 
 tion by foreign powers. 
 
 Comrade Grant was a member of George G. Meade Post, No. i, G. A. R., 
 at Philadelphia, Pa., and also of the Loyal Legion. Was reinstated by 
 act of Congress in the position of general, and placed on the retired list 
 a few weeks before his death, which occurred at Mount McGregor, N. V., 
 July 23, 1885. 
 
 F. H. LOR ING. 
 
 Was born at Bellaire, Ohio, July 9, 1832; has been a fanner and mer 
 chant. Enlisted July 26, 1862; commissioned captain, Company G, 92(1 
 Ohio Infantry, and subsequently commanded a battalion in the i ith Ohio 
 Infantry; was with Sherman in his campaign through Georgia and the 
 Carolinas, and then through Virginia to Washington; was mustered out 
 as captain and brevet-major, June 25, 1865; has held school and muni 
 cipal offices, and is serving as secretary of the Iowa Mason s Benevolent 
 Society at Oskaloosa, la., where he resides. Comrade Loring is a mem 
 ber of Phil Kearny Post, G. A. R., department of Iowa; was its first 
 commander, and at the twentieth national encampment was an alternate 
 delegate. 
 
 JOHN W. HURST. 
 
 Was born at Meredith, N. Y. , July 29, 1843; received an academic 
 education; has been a farmer, clerk, and merchant. Knlisted, in Company 
 D, 1 5th Illinois Infantry, May 16, 1861; re-enlisted in Company C, iO5th 
 Illinois Infantry; was successively promoted to sergeant, ist lieutenant, 
 2d lieutenant, and captain; at the battle of New Slope Church, Ga., was 
 so badly wounded that he lost his right leg, and December i5th follow 
 ing was discharged by special order; since the war has been in the U. S. 
 mail service, postmaster, and is now registrar in the State grain depart 
 ment at Chicago; was a member of Ransom Post, G. A. R., at Chicago, 
 
548 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 but later, organized Potter Post, of Syracuse, Ills., of which he was 
 commander five years ; has been a member of the department council 
 of administration, senior vice-commander, department commander, and 
 inspector-general; by the unanimous vote of the Illinois delegation his 
 name was presented in the eighteenth and nineteeth national encamp 
 ments, as their choice for Commander-in-Chief; at the twentieth national 
 encampment was a candidate for the same office, and received a strong 
 support from all sections. 
 
 SAMUEL ARTHUR BRYANT. 
 
 Was born in Wisconsin in 1848; a painter by trade. Enlisted, in 
 1865, in Company E, 8th California Infantry; was honorably discharged, 
 October 24th, the same year, at Fort Point, San Francisco, Cal. Comrade 
 Bryant is a member of Lincoln Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, Cal.,, 
 and a resident of Oakland, Cal. 
 
 CHARLES A. ORR. 
 
 Was born in Holland, Erie County, N. Y., June 28, 1848. Enlisted, 
 September 29, 1864, in Company G, iSjth New York Infantry; was honor 
 ably discharged July i, 1865, and entered the flour and lumber biisiness; 
 has been supervisor of his county, member of the State Legislature, 
 sergeant- at-arms of the house of representatives, New York ; deputy and 
 county clerk. Comrade Orr is a member of Chapin Post, G. A. R., of 
 Buffalo, his place of residence; and has been its senior vice-commander 
 and post commander. 
 
 NATHANIEL R. CARSON. 
 
 Was born March 14, 1835, in Cecil County, Md.; is a druggist. When 
 the war broke out was living in Cleveland, Bradley County, E. Tenn. ; was 
 forced to leave there in August, 1861, owing to having expressed Union 
 sentiments; went to Washington and tendered his services to the surgeon- 
 general; but as they were not promptly accepted, enlisted, August, 1862, 
 in the i52d Pennsylvania Volunteers, afterwards known as the 3d Penn 
 sylvania Heavy Artillery; served as quartermaster-sergeant; was discharged 
 October 230! following, by special order, and mustered into the Regular 
 Army the same date, as hospital steward, and ordered to duty at Alexan 
 dria, Va. ; in February, 1864, was transferred to Chattanooga, Tenn., 
 where he was attached to the general field-hospital; in the September fol 
 lowing was ordered to report to General Thomas for duty in the general 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 549 
 
 hospital at Lookout Mountain, where he remained until January, 1865; 
 after which date was on duty with the medical director at headquarters, 
 Chattanooga; was honorably discharged at Lookout Mountain July 24, 
 1865. Comrade Carson joined John A. Dix Post, G. A. R., of San Jose, 
 Cal., in 1884; has been and still is quartermaster of his post; is a resident 
 of San Jose, Cal. 
 
 * 
 
 SELDEN CONNOR. 
 
 Was born in Fairfield, Me., January 25, 1839; graduated at Tuft s 
 College in 1859; is a lawyer by profession. Enlisted, April 23, 1861, in 
 the ist Vermont Infantry, in which he served as corporal; was afterwards 
 commissioned lieutenant-colonel of the /th Maine Infantry, and later as 
 colonel of the igth Maine Infantry, and was promoted to brigadier-general; 
 was wounded, May 6, 1864, at the battle of the Wilderness, his thigh being 
 broken by a musket-ball; since the war has been assessor and collector 
 of internal revenue; was governor of Maine in 1876-77-78, and is now 
 a pension agent. Comrade Connor is a member of Seth Williams Post, 
 G. A. R., of Augusta, Me., where he resides; has served as post com 
 mander and department commander, and is a past Senior Vice-Com 
 mander-in-chief of the G. A. R. 
 
 OLIVER O. HOWARD. 
 
 Was born November, 1830, in the State of Maine; graduated from 
 Bowdoin College in 1850, and from W T est Point Military Academy in 1854; 
 was promoted in the army to brevet 2d lieutenant of ordnance, July i, 1854; 
 served as assistant at Watervliet Arsenal, N. Y. , 1854-55; promoted to 
 lieutenant in 1855; was in command of Kenuebec Arsenal in Maine, 
 chief of ordnance on General Harney s staff during the Seminole War in 
 185657; promoted to ist lieutenant of ordnance, 1856, serving as assistant 
 professor of mathematics at West Point, September, 1857, to 1861 ; resigned, 
 1861, and was commissioned colonel of the 3d Maine Volunteers, May 28, 
 
 1861, and assigned to the defenses around Washington; took part in the 
 battle of Bull Run, commanding the 3d Brigade, Heintzleman s division; 
 commissioned brigadier-general, September 3, 1861, assigned to the com 
 mand of ist brigade, Stunner s division, and was engaged in the various 
 operations on the Peninsula during the campaign of 1862 ; at Fair Oaks, Va., 
 was twice severely wounded, losing his right arm ; being disabled by wounds, 
 was engaged, while on sick-leave, in raising volunteers in Maine; August, 
 
 1862, commanded the California Brigade, Sedgwick s division, was 
 engaged in numerous skirmishes, and covered the retreat of the Army of 
 
550 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the Potomac to Washington; with the same brigade participated in the 
 Maryland campaign, September, 1862; at the battle of Antietam succeeded 
 Sedgwick, who was wounded, to the command of the 2d Division, ad Corps; 
 appointed major-general, U. S. Volunteers, Novemberag, 1862; wasengaged 
 in the battle of Fredericksburg, and throughout the Rappahannock cam 
 paign, 1862-63; was assigned to the command of the nth Corps, Army 
 of the Potomac, taking part in the battles of ChancellorSville, May 2, 1863, 
 Gettysburg, for which he received the thanks of Congress, and in the 
 pursuit of the enemy to Warrenton, Va.; was transferred with his corps 
 to the Army of the Cumberland, September, 1863; engaged in the move 
 ments about Chattanooga, the battles of Lookout Valley, and Missionary 
 Ridge, and in the relief of Knoxville; occupied Chattanooga and Lookout 
 Valley from December, 1863, to April, 1864; transferred to command 4th 
 corps; assisted in the invasion of Georgia, taking part in the actions at 
 Tunnel Hill, Rocky Face Ridge, Buzzard s Roost, Dal ton, Resaca, Adairs- 
 ville, Carsville, Dallas, Pickett s Mill, where he was wounded, Pine and 
 Kenesaw mountains, Smyrna Camp Ground, Peach Tree Creek, and the 
 siege of Atlanta; assigned to the command of the Army and Department 
 of Tennessee, July 27, 1864, fought the battle of Ezra Church, partici 
 pated in the battle of Jonesboro, which resulted in the surrender and 
 occupation of Atlanta, was in the pursuit of Hood s army into Alabama, 
 with frequent engagements ; commanded the right wing of General 
 Sherman s army from Atlanta to Savannah, taking part in numerous 
 engagements, including the action of Griswoldsville and the surrender of 
 Savannah, with his army was engaged in the invasion of the Carolinas, 
 was in the actions of Pocotaligo, River s Bridge, Orangeburg, Congaree 
 Creek, Cheraw, and Fayetteville; was commissioned brigadier-general, 
 U. S. Army, December 21, 1864, and major-general, U. S. Army, March 13, 
 1865; engaged in the battle of Bentonville, the occupation of Goldsboro, 
 and a number of skirmishes during the campaign which closed with the 
 surrender of General Joseph E. Johnston s army; was appointed commis 
 sioner of the bureau of refugees, freedmen, and abandoned lands, after 
 ward special Indian commissioner to hostile Apaches; assigned to the 
 Department of the Columbia, September, 1874; conducted the campaign 
 against certain Nez Perces, being engaged in many skirmishes and actions, 
 pursuing them for more than 1,300 miles, until captured October 5, 1877; 
 made a campaign against armed Bannocks and Piutes, September, 1878, 
 continually fighting and skirmishing until they were finally captured; was 
 assigned to the command of the Department of West Point, and superin 
 tendent of the U. S. Military Academy, and entered upon his duties, 
 January 21, 1881; to the command of the Department of the Platte, July 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 551 
 
 14, 1882; commissioned major-general in the U. S. Army, and assigned 
 to the command of the Division of the Pacific. General Howard received 
 the degree of LL. D., from Waterville College, Me., Shurtleff College, 
 Ills., and Gettysburg Theological Seminary, and was tendered the rank 
 of chevalier of the Legion of Honor of France; was for a long time a 
 member of Custer Post, G. A. R. , of Omaha, Neb., and is at present 
 a member of George H. Thomas Post, of San Francisco, Cal., where he 
 resides. 
 
 W. H. DIMOND. 
 
 Was born in the Sandwich Islands in 1840; attended Oahn College, 
 and after leaving it entered mercantile life; at the outbreak of the war 
 enlisted in the ist Hawaiian Cavalry, organized to aid in the suppression 
 of the Rebellion; was promoted to 2cl lieutenant, but the United States 
 Government declined the offer of the company for public reasons; sailed 
 to the United States and tendered his services to the President; was com 
 missioned captain and assistant adjutant-general of volunteers; assigned 
 to duty in loth Army Corps, Department of the South; at the close of 
 the war was offered a commission in the Regular Army, which he declined; 
 returned to the Sandwich Islands; whence he arrived in San Francisco in 
 1870, and became connected with one of the leading business firms on the 
 Pacific Coast; 1873, established himself in business on his own account; 
 was appointed, 1879, lieutenant-colonel and aid on the governor s staff ; 
 commissioned general of the 2d Brigade, N. G. C., and subsequently 
 reappointed at the request of every commissioned officer of the brigade; 
 1886, was appointed a member of the Board of Park Commissioners; was 
 elected commander of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, department 
 of California, at the last election. Comrade Dimond is a member of 
 George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco; at the twentieth 
 national encampment acted as chairman of the finance committee. 
 
 HERBERT E. HILL. 
 
 Was born in Boston, Mass., December 18, 1845; was educated in the 
 common and high schools, and attended an academy in Vermont. Enlisted 
 in Company I, 8th Vermont Infantry, as a private, and served as a non 
 commissioned officer; took part in all of the actions during General Sheri 
 dan s campaign in the Shenandoah Valley; was commissioned captain in 
 a Massachusetts regiment, and later was appointed assistant adjutant- 
 general of Massachusetts State troops, with the rank of colonel; after the 
 war engaged in commercial pursuits in Boston, where he resides; visited 
 
552 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 the battle-fields of the Opequon and Cedar Creek, Va., and caused to be 
 erected a monument to the memory of the soldiers of the 8th Vermont 
 Regiment who fell in those engagements; for this generous act, done at his 
 personal expense, he received an unanimous vote of thanks from the 
 Legislature of Vermont. Comrade Hill is a member of the G. A. R., 
 department of Massachusetts; has been post commander, vice-department 
 commander, member of the council of administration, and Junior Vice- 
 Commander-in-Chief. 
 
 ELISHA BROOKS. 
 
 Was born in the State of Michigan, January i, 1841; has been a 
 farmer and miner; is at present engaged in teaching. Enlisted, Novem 
 ber 15, 1864, in the 8th California Infantry; was commissioned 26. lieu 
 tenant February 6, 1865; was attached to the department of California, 
 and was mostly engaged in garrison duty; was mustered out October 16, 
 1865. Comrade Brooks was a member of Lincoln Post, G. A. R., of San 
 Francisco, of which he has been junior vice-commander; is now a member 
 of George H. Thomas Post, G. A. R., of San Francisco, where he resides. 
 
 DAVID B. ALVERSON. 
 
 Was born in Troy, N. Y. , November 29, 1835; has been a carriage- 
 maker; is at present a farmer. Enlisted, in Company D, 4th Wisconsin 
 Infantry, April, 1861; served as a musician; took part in Butler s expe 
 dition to Ship Island, and in taking of Fort St. Philip, capture of New 
 Orleans, first attacks on Vicksburg and Baton Rouge; was wounded 
 slightly in thigh by musket-ball; was discharged when regimental band 
 was mustered out in 1862; re-enlisted in 1864 in Milwaukee, in ist 
 Brigade band, yth Army Corps, serving until close of war; was honorably 
 discharged from service, July 6, 1865; is a member of Oshkosh Post, No. 
 10, G. A. R. , at Oshkosh, Wis. ; resides in Lugonia, San Bernardino County, 
 Cal. 
 
 GEORGE W. KING. 
 
 Was born in Philadelphia, Pa., February 23, 1841; received a com- 
 mon school education; has been a farmer, and window-glass box-maker. 
 Enlisted, April, 1861, in Company F, 4th New Jersey Infantry ; re-enlisted 
 August 6, in Company I, 6th New Jersey, serving as a corporal; was 
 wounded and permanently disabled by a minie-ball in the right wrist at 
 Williamsburg, Va.; was honorably discharged September 5, 1864; is at 
 present engaged in store-keeping at Wilmington, Del. Comrade King 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 553 
 
 was a member of Major W. F. Smith Post, G. A. R., of Dover, Del., and 
 became a charter member of General Thos. A. Smith Post, of Wilmington, 
 Del. ; has been quartermaster-sergeant, quartermaster, adjutant, delegate 
 to the national encampment, member of the council of administration, 
 senior vice-department commander, and is at present assistant adjutant- 
 general, department of Delaware. 
 
 THOMAS E. BLIFFIXS. 
 
 Was born in Fall River, Mass., in 1835; has been engaged in farming 
 and milling. Enlisted, August, 1862, in the 38th Massachusetts Infantry; 
 served as private, corporal, and sergeant; was attached to the 3d Brigade, 
 2d Division, igth Army Corps; took part in the battles of Bisland, Port 
 Hudson, and Cane River; was wounded at Cane River; gun-shot wound; 
 ball passed through left cheek-bone and tongue, and lodged in right shoul 
 der; was extracted four weeks later, but recovery was slow, continuing 
 seven years; was honorably discharged in December, 1864, on account of 
 disability, the result of wounds received in action. Comrade Bliffins is a 
 member of Win. Logan Rodman Post, G. A. R., of New Bedford, Mass.; 
 is a resident of North Dartmouth, Mass. 
 
 GEORGE W. JOHNSON. 
 
 Was born in the State of Illinois in 1842; has been a school-teacher, 
 and is now a lawyer. Enlisted, in September, 1862, in the 8th Missouri 
 Volunteers as a musician, and was a member of the regimental band; 
 attached to the ist Brigade, 2d Division, i5th Army Corps; was in the 
 battles of Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, at Shiloh under General Lew Wal 
 lace, Corinth, the action at Russell s house near Corinth, and the march 
 to Memphis, destroying the railroads affording the rebel troops supplies 
 and means of transportation ; mustered out at Memphis August 16, 1865. 
 Comrade Johnson is a member of the G. A. R., department of Illinois, 
 and is at present practicing his profession in Sacramento, Cal. 
 
 WILLIAM H. SURLES. 
 
 Was born in Steubenville, Ohio, February 24, 1845. Enlisted, Sep 
 tember 5, 1861, in Company G, 2d Ohio Infantry; was attached to General 
 McCook s command, and took part in the actions of Perry ville, Murfrees- 
 boro, Hoover s Creek, Chickamauga, Lookout Mountain, Missionary 
 Ridge, and on all the fields upon which General Sherman s army was 
 
554 RECORDS OF MEMBERS OF THE G. A. R. 
 
 engaged; was mustered out October 10, 1864; then took a collegiate 
 course, and engaged in commercial pursuits; is a wholesale and retail coal 
 dealer at East Liverpool, Ohio. Comrade Surles is a member of General 
 Lyon Post, G. A. R., of East Liverpool, of which he is post commander; 
 was a delegate to the twentieth national encampment, where his name 
 was presented as a candidate for Vice-Commander-in-Chief, receiving next 
 to the largest vote cast. 
 
 NATHANIEL B. NILE. 
 
 Was born May 22, 1841, in Rangeley, Franklin Comity, Me.; is a 
 teamster by occupation. Enlisted in Company B, yth Maine Infantry, 
 afterwards in the 2cl Maine Cavalry, lyth August, 1861, as a private; was 
 promoted to corporal; was attached to the 3d Division, 2d Corps, Army of 
 the Potomac; and honorably discharged December 16, 1865. Comrade 
 Nile is a member of Antietam Post, of Petaluma; resides in Bloomneld, 
 Sonoma County, Cal. 
 
 WILLIAM H. PIERCE. 
 
 Was barn in Niles, Berrien County, Mich., June 22, 1848; has been 
 a mechanic, contractor, and builder. Enlisted as a private in Company B, 
 i2th Michigan Infantry, September 5, 1864; was attached to Steele s 
 Division, Department of Missouri; was mustered out, December 14, 1864, 
 on account of disability. Comrade Pierce was a member of Custer Post, 
 Carson city, Nev. ; is now a member of W. R. Cornman Post, G. A. R., 
 of San Bernardino, where he lives. 
 
CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY 
 
 OF 
 
 Important Events of the Civil War 
 
 1861-1865. 
 
 NOVEMBER, 1860. 
 
 6. Abraham Lincoln, the Republican 
 candidate, elected President of the United 
 States. 
 
 7. Palmetto flag raised at Charleston, 
 S. C. 
 
 . Major Robert Anderson assigned to 
 command of U. S. forts in Charleston 
 harbor. 
 
 . Captain Truman Seymour, I*. S. 
 Army, arrested by Charleston city author 
 ities for attempting to transfer supplies 
 from Charleston Arsenal to Fort Moultrie. 
 
 13. State of South Carolina resolved to 
 raise 10,000 volunteers. 
 
 1 8. The Legislature of Georgia voted 
 $1,000,000 to arm the State. 
 
 DECEMBER. 
 
 20. South Carolina passed the ordi 
 nance of secession. 
 
 26. Major Anderson transferred the 
 garrison from Fort Moultrie to Fort 
 Sumter, in Charleston harbor. 
 
 27. Fort Pinckney, S. C., seized by 
 State troops. 
 
 30. U. S. Arsenal at Charleston seized 
 by the South Carolinians. 
 
 JANUARY, 1 86 1. 
 
 2. Fort Johnston, S. C., seized by 
 State forces. 
 
 3. Fort Pulaski, Ga. , seized by Georgia 
 forces. 
 
 4. U. S. Arsenal at Mount Vcrnon, 
 Ala., seized by Alabama forces. 
 
 5. Forts Morgan and Gaines, near 
 Mobile, seized by Alabama troops. 
 
 6. U. S. Arsenal at Apalachicola, Fla., 
 seized by State troops. 
 
 7. Fort Marion, Fla., seized by State 
 troops. 
 
 . Fort Johnston, N. C., seized by cit 
 izen volunteers of Smithville. 
 9. MivSsissippi seceded. 
 
 . Steamer Star of the West, convey- 
 ing reinforcements and supplies to Fort 
 Sumter, fired at in Charleston harbor. 
 
 10. Fort Caswell, N. C., seized by vol 
 unteers from Smithville and Wilmington. 
 
 . Fort Livingston, La., seized In- 
 State forces. 
 
 . U. S. Arsenal and Barracks at Baton 
 Rouge, La., seized by Louisianaians. 
 
 . Alabama and Florida seceded. 
 
 n. U. S. Marine Hospital at New 
 Orleans seized. 
 
556 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 \i86i 
 
 11. Forts Jackson and St. Philip, La., 
 seized. 
 
 . Formal demand made for surrender 
 of Fort Sumter, and refused by Major 
 Anderson. 
 
 12. Surrender of Fort Pickens, Fla., 
 demanded. 
 
 . Forts Barrancas and McRae and 
 U. vS. Navy Yard at Pensacola seized by 
 Floridians. 
 
 19. Georgia seceded. 
 
 29. Louisiana seceded. 
 
 31. U. S. Mint at New Orleans taken 
 possession of by Louisiana State author 
 ities. 
 
 FEBRUARY. 
 
 i. Texas seceded. 
 
 18. Jefferson Davis inaugurated at 
 Montgomery Ala., as "President of the 
 Confederate States. " 
 
 . U. vS. Military Posts in Department 
 of Texas surrendered bv General Twiggs 
 
 oo 
 
 25. President-elect Abraham Lincoln 
 arrived at Washington city. 
 
 MARCH. 
 
 i. The Government of the Confeder 
 ate States assumes control of military 
 affairs at Charleston. 
 
 4. President Lincoln inaugurated. 
 . Arkansas seceded. 
 
 5. General Beauregard ordered by Jef 
 ferson Davis to command the Confederate 
 forces at Charleston. 
 
 12. Southern commissioners request an 
 interview, at Washington, with Secretary 
 of State, who declines to receive them. 
 
 APRIL. 
 
 1 1 . Surrender of Fort Sumter demanded 
 by General Beauregard, and refused. 
 12-13. Bombardment. 
 
 14. Sumter evacuated by Major Ander 
 son. 
 
 15. President Lincoln calls for 75,000 
 troops. 
 
 17. Yirginia seceded. 
 
 19. Southern ports blockaded by order 
 of President Lincoln. 
 
 . Volunteer troops attacked in Balti 
 more. 
 
 MAY. 
 
 3. The Confederate privateer^Vrew nnah 
 captured by U. S. brig Perry. 
 
 4. The President issues a second call 
 for troops. 
 
 6. Arkansas and Tennessee seceded. 
 
 20. North Carolina seceded. 
 
 JUNE. 
 
 10. Confederate victor}- at Big Bethel, 
 Va. 
 
 11. Union victor}- at Romney, W. Va. 
 
 17. General Lyon defeats the Confed 
 erate forces under Marmaduke at Boon- 
 ville, Mo. 
 
 JULY. 
 
 1. Orders issued for raising U. S. 
 troops in Kentucky and Tennessee. 
 
 2. Engagement at Falling Waters, 
 Va. , between Union forces under General 
 Thomas and Confederates under Jackson. 
 
 5. Battle of Carthage, Mo. 
 
 ii. Battle at Rich Mountain, W. Va. 
 
 11. Engagement at Hannibal, Mo. 
 
 12. Action at Barboursville, W. Ya. 
 . Fight at Beverly, W. Va. 
 
 14. Battle of Carrick s Ford, W. Va. 
 
 18. Engagement at Blackburn s Ford, 
 Va. 
 
 20. Battle of Bull Run. 
 
 AUGUST. 
 
 3. Engagement at Mesilla, N. M. 
 
 10. Battle of Wilson s Creek, Mo., the 
 l r nion forces being under command of 
 General Lyon, who was killed in the 
 engagement. 
 
 19. Action at Bird s Point, Charleston, 
 Mo. 
 
 26. Battle at Cross Lanes, W 7 . Va. 
 29. Forts Hatteras and Clark, N. C., 
 captured. 
 
i86i-2] 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 557 
 
 SEPTEMBER. 
 
 4. Action at Shelbina, Mo. 
 
 10. Battle of Carnifex Ferry, W. Va. 
 
 1 1 . Engagement at Lewinsville, Ya. 
 . Operations in Cheat Mountain, 
 
 W.Va., including actions at. Cheat Mount 
 ain Pass, Cheat Summit Point, Mountain 
 Turnpike and Elk Water (nth to i/th). 
 
 13. Engagement at Boonville, Mo. 
 
 14. Rebel privateer Judah destro3 ed at 
 Pensacola, Fla., by boats from U. S. 
 squadron. 
 
 20. Lexington, Mo., captured by the 
 Confederates. 
 
 21. Engagement at Papinsville, Mo. 
 23. Action at Romney, W. Va. 
 
 25. The Union gunboats engage the 
 Confederate defenses at Freestone Point, 
 Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Chapmanville, 
 W. Va. 
 
 OCTOBER. 
 
 3. Engagement at Greenbrier, W. Ya. 
 9. Night attack of the Confederates on 
 the Union troops at Santa Rosa, Fla. 
 
 20. Engagement at Fredericktown, Mo. 
 
 21. Battle of Ball s Bluff, Ya. ; Colonel 
 Baker, U. S. Senator from Oregon, com 
 manding Union forces, killed in action. 
 
 26. Capture of Romney, W. Ya., by 
 Union forces under General Kelley. 
 
 NOVEMBER. 
 
 7. General Grant, with some four 
 thousand men in transports, supported 
 by the U. S. gunboats Tyler and Lc.ving- 
 tou, makes an attack on the Confederate 
 camp at Belmont, Mo. 
 
 . Battle at Port Royal, S. C., and 
 capture of Forts Beauregard and Walker 
 by U. S. fleet under Commodore Dupont. 
 
 8. Arrest of Confederate commission 
 ers Mason and Slidell while on board 
 British steamer Trent, by Commodore 
 Wilkes, commanding U. S. steamer San 
 Jacinto. 
 
 9. Engagement at Piketon, Ky. (Ivy 
 Mountain.) 
 
 10. Fight at Gauley s Bridge, W. Va. 
 
 23. Bombardment of Pensacola, Fla., 
 by U. S. Army batteries and U. S. 
 steamers Niagara and Riclunoiid. 
 
 DECEMBER. 
 
 9. Fight of Federal Indians with Con 
 federate forces at Bushy Creek, Ark. 
 
 13. Engagement at Buffalo Mountain, 
 W. Va., between General Milroy s brigade 
 of five regiments and the Confederates 
 under General Johnson. 
 
 20. Battle of Dranesville, Ya. 
 
 JANUARY, 1862. 
 
 i. Engagement at Port Royal, Coosaw 
 River, S. C. ; Union commander, General 
 Isaac I. Stevens, Commander Raymond 
 Rodgers with five gunboats co-operating; 
 Confederates under General Maxcy Gregg. 
 
 10. Engagement at Middle Creek and 
 Prestonburg, Ky.; Union forces com 
 manded by Colonel James A. Garfield, 
 Confederates by General Humphrey Mar 
 shall. 
 
 19-20. Battle of Mill Springs, Ky. 
 
 26. Reconnaissance to Wilmington Nar 
 rows, Ga., by gunboats and Union troops; 
 naval engagement with Confederate ves 
 sels under Admiral Tatnall. 
 
 FEBRUARY. 
 
 3. Call for 71,000 men from the State 
 of Missouri for Confederate service. 
 
 6. Capture of Fort Henry, Tenn., by 
 Union gunboats. 
 
 8. Battle of Roanoke Island, N. C. 
 10. Operations of gunboats at Eliza 
 beth Cit}-, N. C. 
 
 1 6. Capture of Fort Donelson. 
 
 21. Engagement at Yalverde, N. M. 
 23. Evacuation of Nashville, Tenn., by 
 
 Confederates, and occupation by Union 
 forces. 
 
 MARCH. 
 
 i. Engagement at Pittsburg, Tenn. 
 . Fight at Sikestown, Mo., with Con 
 federate forces, commanded by General 
 Jeff Thompson. 
 
o58 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 1/862 
 
 2. Evacuation of Columbus, Ky., by 
 Confederates, and occupation by Union 
 forces. 
 
 3. Action at New Madrid, Mo. 
 
 6. Battle of Pea Ridge, Ark. 
 
 7. Engagement and occupation of 
 Point Pleasant, Mo. 
 
 8. Naval engagement in Hampton 
 Roads, Va., and destruction of the U. S. 
 frigate Congress and sloop-of-war Cumber 
 land by Confederate ironclad Merrimac. 
 
 9. Engagement between U. S. iron 
 clad Monitor and Merrimac in Hampton 
 Roads. 
 
 13. Army corps organized in the Army 
 of the Potomac. 
 
 14. New Berne, N. C., captured by Union 
 forces. 
 
 . Capture of New Madrid, Mo., by 
 General John Pope. 
 
 17. Embarkation of the Army of the 
 Potomac for the Peninsula commenced at 
 Alexandria, Va. 
 
 23. Battle at Winchester, Va. 
 
 26. Fight at Apache Canon, near Santa 
 Fe, N. M. 
 
 27. Attack on Union camp at Stras- 
 burg, Va., by Colonel Turner Ashby, of 
 Confederates. 
 
 28. Engagement at Middleburg, Va. 
 28. Fight at Glorietta, N. M. 
 
 30. Capture of Union City, Tenn. 
 
 APRIL. 
 
 2. Engagement at Putnam s Ferry, 
 near Doniphan, Mo. 
 
 . Affairs at Biloxi and Pass Chris 
 tian, Miss. 
 
 5. Commencement of siege of York- 
 town, Va., lasting till May 5th. 
 
 6-7. Battle of Shiloh, or Pittsburg 
 Landing. 
 
 7. Capture of Island No. 10 by Gen- 
 eral John Pope. 
 
 8. Fight at Albuquerque, N. M. 
 
 9. Fight with Indians at Owens River, 
 Cal. 
 
 10-11. Bombardment and capture of 
 Fort Pulaski, Ga. 
 
 13. Expedition from southern Califor 
 nia through Arizona to New Mexico and 
 northwestern Texas (April i3th to Sep 
 tember 20tll). 
 
 15. Fight at Pechacho Pass, ArizonaTy. 
 
 1 6. Action at Lee s Mills, Va. 
 
 18-28. Bombardment and passage of 
 forts Jackson and St. Philip by L T . S. fleet 
 under Admiral Farragut, and capture of 
 New Orleans, La. 
 
 19. Engagement at South Mills, N. C. 
 
 23. Engagement at Grasslick, W. Va. 
 
 24. Action at Fort Macon, N. C. 
 
 26. Fight with Indians at Neosho, Mo. 
 
 29. Action at West Bridge (Bridgeport), 
 Ala. 
 
 . Advance on and siege of Corinth 
 by the Union forces under command of 
 General Halleck. 
 
 i, Occupation of New Orleans by 
 General Butler. 
 
 3. Evacuation of Yorktown,Va., by the 
 Confederates. 
 
 . Fight at Farmington, Miss. 
 5. Battle of Williamsburg, Va. 
 -. Action at Lebanon, Tenn. 
 
 7. Engagement at West Point, Va., 
 between Franklin s division, Army of the 
 Potomac, and the Confederate division of 
 General Whiting. 
 
 . Action at Somerville Heights, Va. 
 
 8. Engagement at McDowell, Va., be 
 tween Union forces under General Milroy 
 and Confederate forces of General (Stone 
 wall) Jackson. 
 
 9. Evacuation of Pensacola, Fla., by 
 the Confederates, and occupation by the 
 Union troops. 
 
 . Engagement (second) at Farming- 
 ton, Miss. 
 
 10. Naval engagement at Plum Point, 
 near Fort Pillow, Tenn. 
 
 . Occupation of Norfolk, Va., by 
 Union forces under General Wool. 
 
 15. Naval demonstration upon Galves- 
 ton, Tex. 
 
i86z\ 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIl IL WAR. 
 
 559 
 
 15. Naval attack on Fort Darling 
 (Drewry s Bluff), Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Princeton, W. Ya., 
 between Union forces of General J. I). 
 Cox and Confederates under General 
 Humphrey Marshall. 
 
 17. Engagement at Russell s House, 
 before Corinth, Miss. 
 
 19. Engagement at Searcy s Landing 
 Little Red River, Ark. 
 
 21. Affair at Paraje, X. M. 
 
 . Engagement at Philip s Creek, 
 Miss. 
 
 23. Action at Fort Craig, X. M. 
 
 . Engagement at Front Royal, Ya. 
 
 24. Engagement at Ellison s Mills be 
 tween Stoneman s cavalry and a Con 
 federate force. 
 
 25. Battle at Winchester, Ya., between 
 Union forces commanded by General 
 Banks and the Confederates under Gen 
 eral (Stonewall) Jackson. 
 
 27. Battle at Hanover Court-house be 
 tween Union troops under General Fitz 
 John Porter and the Confederates. 
 
 29. Action at Pocotaligo, S. C. 
 
 31. and June i. Battle of Seven Pines 
 and Fair Oaks, Ya. 
 
 JUNE. 
 
 5. Action at Tranter s Creek, X. C. 
 
 6. Xaval engagement off Memphis, 
 Tenn.; rebel guns sunk by Union fleet 
 under Commodore Chas. H. Davis, and 
 city captured. 
 
 7. and 8. Attack on Chattanooga, Tenn. 
 
 8. Battle at Cross Keys, Ya., between 
 General Fremont and General (Stonewall) 
 Jackson. 
 
 9. Engagement at Port Republic, Ya. ; 
 General Shields commanding Union troops 
 and General (Stonewall) Jackson the Con 
 federates. 
 
 1 6. Action at Secessionville, S. C. 
 
 17. Combined attack of U. S. gunboats 
 and land forces on Confederate fort at 
 St. Charles, Ark. , resulting in its capture. 
 
 1 8. Cumberland Gap, Tenn., captured 
 by Union troops. 
 
 20. Engagement at Battle Creek, Tenn. 
 
 25. Battle at Oak Grove, Ya. 
 
 25 to July i. The seven days battles 
 between the Army of the Potomac under 
 General McClellan and the Confederates 
 commanded by General Lee. 
 
 26. Bombardment of Yicksburg by the 
 mortar-boat squadron of Commodore David 
 Porter. 
 
 . Battle at Mechanicsville, Ya. 
 
 27. Battle at Games Mills, Ya. 
 . Action at Garnett s Farm, Ya. 
 
 28. Battle at Chickahominy, Ya. 
 
 . Cavalry fight at Dispatch Station, 
 Va. 
 
 29. Engagement at Allen s Farm, Ya. 
 
 30. Battle of Glendale, or White Oak 
 Swamp, Ya. 
 
 . Engagement at Turkey Island 
 Bridge, Ya. 
 
 JULY. 
 
 i. President Lincoln calls for 300,000 
 more troops. 
 
 . Battle of Malvern Hill, Ya. 
 . Action at Booneville, Miss. 
 7. Action at Bayou Cache, Ark. 
 9. Engagement at Aberdeen, Ark. 
 
 12. Cavalry fight at Culpeper, Ya. 
 
 13. Engagement and capture of Mur- 
 freesboro, Tenn., by Confederate forces 
 under General Forrest. 
 
 1 5. Unsuccessful attempt by Union gun 
 boats to destroy rebel ram Arkansas at 
 Yicksburg, Miss. 
 
 17. Rebel General Morgan s raid and 
 capture of Cynthiana, Ky., garrisoned 
 by L T nion troops. 
 
 23. General Halleck assumes command 
 of the Army of the United States. 
 
 28. Engagement at Bayou Bernard, 
 Indian Ty. 
 
 . Engagement at Moore s Mills, Mo. 
 
 AUGUST. 
 
 3. General McClellan ordered to with 
 draw his troops from the Peninsula to 
 Acquia Creek, Ya. 
 
 4. Order issued from Washington for a 
 draft of 300,000 men in the different States. 
 
f>CO 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 \iS6i 
 
 5. Engagement at Baton Rouge, La.; 
 combined force of Union troops and gun 
 boats under General Williams and Com 
 modore Porter ; Confederates commanded 
 by General John C. Breckinridge. 
 
 . Engagement at Malvern Hill 
 between Union forces under General Hoo 
 ker and Confederates commanded by Gen 
 eral Wade Hampton. 
 
 6. Engagement at Kirksville, Mo. 
 
 7. Eight at Fillmore. X. M., between 
 California troops commanded by General 
 Canby and Texas forces of General Sibley. 
 
 9. Battle of Cedar Mountain, Va. 
 
 13. Battle of Clarendon, Ark., between 
 General Hovey s division, i3th Army- 
 Corps, and Confederate forces under Gen 
 eral Hindman. 
 
 1 6-1 8. Bombardment of Corpus Christi, 
 Tex., by Union gunboats. 
 
 1 6. Engagement at Lone Jack, Mo. 
 
 1 8. Massacre by Sioux Indians at Red 
 wood, Minn. 
 
 20. Cavalry Jight at Brandy Station, Va. 
 20-22. Eight with Sioux Indians at 
 
 Fort Ridgely, Minn. 
 
 21. Engagement at Gallatin, Tenn. 
 
 . Cavalry and artillery fight at Kel- 
 ley s Ford, Va. 
 
 23. Engagement at Big Hill, Ky. 
 23-25. Actions of detachments of the 
 
 Arm} of Virginia under General John 
 Pope at Waterloo Bridge, Lee s Springs, 
 Freeman s Ford, and Sulphur Springs, Va. 
 
 24. Engagement between Kansas regi 
 ment and guerrillas under Quantrell, at 
 Lamar, Kas. 
 
 25. Confederate attack on Fort Don- 
 elson. 
 
 25-26. Fight with Sioux Indians at 
 New Ulm, Minn. 
 
 26. Engagement at Madisonville, Ky. 
 
 27. Confederate cavalry xmder General 
 Fitz Hugh Lee attack the Union troops at 
 Bull Run Bridge, Va. 
 
 . Battle at Kettle Run, Va., between 
 General Jo Hooker s division, 3d Army 
 Corps, and Confederate forces under Gen 
 eral Ewell. 
 
 28. Engagement at Readyville, Tenn. 
 
 . Destruction of City Point, James 
 River, Va., by Union gunboats under 
 Commodore W T ilkes. 
 
 28-29. Engagements at Groveton and 
 Gainesville, Va., between General Pope s 
 army and the Confederate army under 
 General Lee. 
 
 30. Second battle of Bull Run, Va. 
 . Battle at Bolivar, Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at McMinnville, Tenn. 
 . Battle at Richmond, Ky. 
 
 31. Engagement at Stevenson, Ala. 
 
 SEPTEMBER. 
 
 i. Battle of Chantilly, Va.; Generals 
 Phil Kearny and Isaac I. Stevens among 
 the Union officers killed. 
 
 . Attack on Union forces at Britton s 
 Lane, Tenn., by the Confederate general 
 Armstrong s command. 
 
 . Indian attacks on Birch Coolie, 
 Minn. (2-3), Hutchinson, Minn. (3-4), and 
 Fort Abercrombie, Dak. (3-6). 
 
 3. Engagement at Geiger s Lake, Ky. 
 
 4. Major-General McClellan assumes 
 command at Washington. 
 
 6. Attack on Washington, X. C., by 
 the Confederates. 
 
 . Cavalry fight at Cacapon Bridge, Va. 
 . Engagement at Martinsburg, Va. 
 . Occupation of Frederick, Md., by 
 the Confederate army under General Lee. 
 . Engagement at Chapmansville, Va. 
 
 7. Recapture of Clarksville, Tenn., by 
 Union forces. 
 
 8. Engagement at DesAllemands, La. 
 
 9. Cavalry and artillery engagement 
 at \Villiamsburg, Va. 
 
 10. Engagement of cavalr}- under Colo 
 nel Grierson with Confederate forces at 
 Coldwater, Miss. 
 
 . Engagement at Fayetteville, W.Va. 
 
 11. Engagement at Cotton Hill, W. Va. 
 11-13. Capture of Bloomfield, Mo., by 
 
 Confederates. 
 
 12-15. Engagement at Harper s Feny, 
 Va. 
 
i86z\ 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 561 
 
 12. Engagement and destruction of 
 Charlestown, W. Va. 
 
 14. Battle at South Mountain, Md. 
 14-16. Engagement at Mumfordsville, 
 
 Ky. 
 
 15. Surrender of Harper s Ferry, Va., 
 to Confederate forces under General 
 (Stonewall) Jackson. 
 
 17. Battle of Antietam, Md. 
 
 . Engagement at Falmouth, Ky. 
 
 19. Battle at luka, Miss. 
 
 20. Action at Blackford s Ford, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Shirley s Ford, 
 Spring River, Mo. 
 
 . Engagement at Prentiss and Bolivar, 
 Miss., between guerrillas and Union gun 
 boat, and transports with troops. 
 
 22. Emancipation Proclamation issued 
 by President Lincoln. 
 
 23. Battle at Wood Lake, Minn., be 
 tween General Sibley s command of 
 Minnesota volunteer regiments and the 
 Sioux Indians. 
 
 28. Engagement at Blackwater, Va. 
 
 30. Battle of Newtonia, Mo. 
 
 . Engagement at Russellville, Ky. 
 
 OCTOBER. 
 
 i. Action at Floyd s Fork, Ky. 
 
 . Cavalry fight at Gallatin, Tenn. 
 
 3-4. Battle of Corinth, Miss., General 
 Rosecrans commanding the Union forces, 
 and General Van Dorn, the Confederates. 
 
 4. Engagement at Bardstown, Ky. 
 
 5. Engagement at Big Hatchie River, 
 Miss. 
 
 . Action at Glasgow, Ky. 
 
 7. Engagement at La Vergne, Tenn. 
 
 8. Battle at Perry ville, Ky., between 
 the armies of General Buell (Union), and 
 General Bragg (Confederate). 
 
 9. Engagement at Lawrenceburg, Ky. 
 17. Cavalry action at Lexington, Ky. 
 . Cavalry fight at Thoroughfare Gap, 
 
 Va. 
 
 22. Engagement at Old Fort Wayne, 
 Ark. 
 
 . Battle at Pocotaligo, S. C. 
 2L 
 
 27. Engagement at Putnam s Ferry, 
 Mo. 
 
 28. Cavalry action at Cross Hollows, 
 Ark. 
 
 NOVEMBER. 
 
 i. Bombardment of Lavaca, Tex., by 
 Union gunboats. 
 
 3. Engagement at Bayou Teche, La. 
 Union gunboats and troops against Con 
 federate forces. 
 
 5. Cavalry action at Manassas Gap, 
 Va. 
 
 . General Burnside assigned to com 
 mand of the Arm} of the Potomac. 
 
 . Cavalry and artillery action at New 
 Baltimore, Salem, and Thoroughfare Gap, 
 Va. 
 
 . Battle of Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 8. Cavalry action at Rappahannock 
 Bridge, Va. 
 
 12. Cavalry action at Lamar and Holly 
 Springs, Miss. 
 
 15. Engagement at Fayetteville and 
 White Sulphur Springs, Va. 
 
 18. Engagement at Cove Creek, N. C. 
 
 26. Engagement at Cold Knob Mount 
 ain, Va. 
 
 28. Engagement at Cane Hill, Boston 
 Mountains, and Boonsboro, Ark. 
 
 . Engagement at Little Bear Creek, 
 Ala. 
 
 DECEMBER. 
 
 4. Cavalry action at Water Valley, 
 Miss. 
 
 . Engagement at Port Royal, on the 
 Rappahannock River, Va., between the 
 Union gunboats and Confederate batteries. 
 
 5. Cavalry action at Coffeeville, Miss. 
 7. Battle at Prairie Grove, Ark. 
 
 . Battle of Hartsville, Tenn. 
 
 10. Second engagement at Port Royal, 
 Va., between Union gunboats eight in 
 number and Confederate batteries. 
 
 13. Battle of Fredericksburg, Va., Gen 
 eral Burnside commanding Union forces 
 and General Lee the Confederates. 
 
 . Engagement at South West Creek, 
 Va. 
 
562 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 \_i862- 3 
 
 14. Battle and capture of Kinston, X. C. 
 
 16. Artillery fight at Whitehall, X. C. 
 
 17. Engagement between General Fos 
 ter s command and Confederate general 
 Evans command at Goldsboro, X. C. 
 
 18. Engagement and occupation by 
 Confederate forces of Lexington, Ky. 
 
 . Engagement at Jackson, Tenn. 
 
 19. Engagement at Occoquan, Va. 
 
 20. Capture of Holly Springs, Miss., 
 by Confederates. 
 
 . Capture by Confederate forces, of 
 Trenton and Humboldt, Tenn. 
 
 21. Engagement at Davis Mills, Wolf 
 River, Miss. 
 
 26. Engagement at Nolansville, Tenn. 
 
 27. Capture of Elizabethtown, Ky., by 
 Confederate forces. 
 
 . Engagement at Dumfries, Va. 
 
 28-29. Battle of Chickasaw Bayou, 
 (Vicksburg) Miss. Repulse of General 
 W. T. Sherman, commanding Union 
 forces. 
 
 30. Cavalry action at Wautauga Bridge 
 and Carter s Station, Tenn. 
 
 . Battle at Parker s Cross Roads, 
 Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at Jefferson, Tenn. 
 
 31. January 2, 1863 Battle of Stone s 
 River, Tenn. General Rosecrans com 
 manding Union army and General Bragg 
 the Confederates. 
 
 JANUARY, 1863. 
 
 1. Capture of Galveston, Tex., and 
 Union gunboats, by the Confederate 
 forces under General Magruder. 
 
 . Emancipation Proclamation issued 
 by President Lincoln took effect on this 
 date. 
 
 2. Battle of Stone s River (Murfrees- 
 boro), Tenn., resumed and ended. 
 
 7. Engagement at Springfield, Mo. 
 
 1 1 . Xaval engagement off the coast of 
 Texas, between U. S. steamer Hatteras 
 and Confederate steamer Alabama, re 
 sulting in the sinking of the Hatteras. 
 
 . Battle at Hartsville, Mo. 
 
 ii. Capture of Arkansas Post, Ark., 
 by Union forces under General McCler- 
 nand, and gunboats of Mississippi squad 
 ron under Admiral Porter. 
 
 14. Engagement at Bayou Teche, La. 
 . Union gunboat Queen of the West 
 
 captured by the Confederates on Red 
 River, La. 
 
 21. U. S. ship Morning Light captured 
 by Confederate steamers in the Sabine 
 Pass, Texas. 
 
 26. General Jos. Hooker assumes com 
 mand of the Army of the Potomac. 
 
 . Bombardment of Fort McAllister, 
 Ga., by U. S. ironclad Montauk and gun 
 boats. 
 
 29. Battle at Bear River, W. Ty., 
 between California Volunteers, com 
 manded by Colonel P. Edward Connor, 
 and hostile bands of Snakes, Utes, and 
 Bannock Indians. 
 
 30. Engagement at Suffolk, Va. 
 
 31. Attack on U. S. blockading vessels 
 off Charleston bar, S. C., by Confederate 
 vessels under Flag Officer Ingraham. 
 
 . Engagement at Rover, Tenn. 
 
 FEBRUARY. 
 
 3. Engagement at Mingo Swamp, Mo. 
 . Confederate forces under Generals 
 Wheeler and Forrest attack Fort Donel- 
 son, Tenn. 
 
 7. Cavalry fight at Williamsbug, Ya. 
 
 8. Fight of Missouri Militia cavalry 
 with guerrillas at Independence, Mo. 
 
 10. Indian fight and capture of Wachita 
 Indian Agency, Tex., by loyal Delaware 
 and Shawnee Indians. 
 
 15. Engagement at Cainsville, Tenn. 
 18. Vicksburg, Miss., bombarded by 
 
 U. S. mortar-boats. 
 
 21. U. S. gunboats Freeborn and 
 Dragon, under Lt.-Com. Magaw, attack 
 Fort Lowrey on Rappahannock River, Va. 
 
 23. Engagement at Deer Creek, Miss. 
 
 24. Engagement and capture of U. S. 
 ironclad Indianola by four Confederate 
 steamers, on Mississippi River, below 
 Vicksburg. 
 
1863} 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 563 
 
 28. Destruction of armed Confederate 
 steamer Nashville by U. S. ironclad 
 Mont auk. 
 
 MARCH. 
 
 1. Engagement at Bradyville, Tenn. 
 
 2. Engagement at Eagleville, Tenn. 
 
 3. Bombardment of Fort McAllister, 
 Ga., by U. S. ironclads and mortar- 
 schooners, Captain Percival Drayton com 
 manding. 
 
 4-5. Confederate Army, under Gen 
 eral Earl Van Dorn, attacks the Union 
 forces at Thompson s Station, Tenn. 
 
 10. Capture of Jacksonville, Fla., by 
 U. S. colored troops. 
 
 i3-April 5. Bombardment of Fort Pem- 
 berton, Greenwood, Miss. 
 
 14. Bombardment of Port Hudson, La., 
 by naval fleet under Admiral Farragut, 
 assisted by Union troops commanded by 
 General Banks. 
 
 . Bombardment of New Berne, X. C. 
 
 17. Cavalry engagement at Kelly s 
 Ford, Va. 
 
 20. Battle at Vaught Hill, near Milton, 
 Tenn. 
 
 21. Engagement at Cottage Grove, 
 Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at Deer Creek, Miss. 
 
 24. Capture of Ponchatoula, La., by 
 United States forces. 
 
 . Engagement at Danville, Ky. 
 
 25. Capture of Brentwood, Tenn., by 
 Confederate forces. 
 
 27. U. S. steamer Hartford, flag-ship of 
 Admiral Farragut, engages the Confed 
 erate batteries at Warrenton, Miss. 
 
 28. Engagement at Pattersonville, La. 
 
 30. Massacre on steamer Sam Gaty, at 
 Sibley s Landing, Mo. 
 
 . Battle of Button Hills (Somerset), 
 Ky. 
 
 . Capture of Point Pleasant, W. Ya. 
 
 . to April 4. Attack on Washington, 
 N. C., by Confederate forces. 
 
 31. Proclamation issued by President 
 Lincoln, forbidding commercial inter 
 course between citizens of lo}-al and dis 
 loyal States. 
 
 APRIL. 
 
 1. Admiral Farragut s fleet engages 
 the batteries at Grand Gulf, Miss. 
 
 2. Engagement at Snow Hill, Tenn. 
 
 5 to 10. Expedition under General 
 Steele to Black Bayou, Miss. 
 
 . Bombardment of Hill s Point, 
 N. C., by Union gunboats. 
 
 7. Bombardment of Fort Sumter, 
 S. C., by ironclads, Admiral Dupont com 
 manding. 
 
 8. Engagement at St. Francis County, 
 Mo. 
 
 . Engagement at Broad River, S. C. 
 
 1 1 . Expedition, under Colonel Streight, 
 into Alabama and Georgia. 
 
 12 to May 4. Siege of Suffolk, Va. 
 
 13-14. Attack on Confederate works at 
 Bayou Teche, La. , by Union forces under 
 Generals Banks and Emory. 
 
 14. Engagement at West Branch and 
 Nansemond, Va., between Union gun 
 boats and Confederate batteries. 
 
 15. Fight of Second California Cavalry, 
 under Colonel Evans, with Indians at 
 Spanish Fork Canon, Utah. 
 
 . Engagement at Pikeville, Ky. 
 
 1 6. Running of batteries, Yicksburg, 
 Miss., by ironclads of Commodore Por 
 ter s fleet and transports of General 
 Grant s army. 
 
 . Fight with Indians at Medalia, 
 Minn. 
 
 17. Engagement at Bayou Vermilion, 
 La. 
 
 . to May 2. Colonel Grierson s cavalry 
 expedition from La Grange, Tenn., to 
 Baton Rouge, La. 
 
 1 8. Engagement at Hernando, Miss. 
 . Attack of the Confederates on the 
 
 L nion troops at Fayetteville, Ark. 
 
 19. Engagement at Coldwater, Miss. 
 
 20. Engagement at Patterson, Mo. 
 
 . Capture of Bute La Rose, La., by 
 Union gunboats. 
 
 23. Engagement at Chuckatuck, Va. 
 
 24. Attack by Confederate forces on 
 Union cavalry at Beverly, W. Va. 
 
564 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 25. Engagements of Ellet s Mississippi 
 ram fleet and U. S. gunboats with Con 
 federate batteries at Little Rock Landing, 
 Duck River Shoal, Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at Greenland Gap, 
 W. Ya. 
 
 26. Attack by Confederates, tinder 
 General Marmaduke, on the town of 
 Cape Girardeau, Mo. 
 
 27 to Ma}- 3. Expedition of L nion 
 troops, under Colonel Streight, from 
 Tuscumbia, Ala., to Rome, Ga. 
 
 27 to May 7. General Stoneman s raid, 
 with Cavalry Corps of the Army of the 
 Potomac, through Virginia. 
 
 28. Engagement at Dover Road, N. C. 
 . Engagement at Town Creek, Ala. 
 
 29. Capture of Fairmount, W. Va., by 
 Confederate forces. 
 
 . Admiral Porter s fleet attacks the 
 Confederate batteries at Grand Gulf, 
 Miss. 
 
 and 30. Engagement of the ist Corps, 
 Army of the Potomac, at Fitzhugh s 
 Crossing, Rappahannock River, Va. 
 
 30 to May i. Fights at Chalk Bluff and 
 St. Francis River, Mo. 
 
 . Fights at Day s Gap, Sand Mount 
 ain, and Black Warrior Creek, Ala., 
 between Colonel Streight s forces and 
 Confederates under General Forrest. 
 
 MAY. 
 
 i. Battle at Port Gibson, Miss. at 
 tack of 1 3th Corps and i7th Corps, under 
 General McClernand, on Thompson s Hill 
 and Magnolia Hills. 
 
 i to 4. Battle of Chancellorsville, Va., 
 including Fredericksburg, Salem Heights, 
 and Marye s Heights. 
 
 . Engagement at Monticello, Ky. 
 
 3. Engagement at Nansemond River, 
 Ga. Union troops assisted by gunboat. 
 
 . Action at Blount s Farm, Ala. 
 
 . Grand Gulf, Miss., occupied by 
 Union forces under Admiral Porter. 
 6. Engagement at Tupelo, Miss. 
 
 . Army of the Potomac, under Gen 
 eral Hooker, withdrawn from Fredericks- 
 
 burg to the north bank of the Rappahan 
 nock River. 
 
 8. Union gunboats and mortar-schoon 
 ers commence attack on Confederate bat 
 teries at Port Hudson, Miss. 
 
 10. Engagement at Civique s Ferry, La. 
 . Confederate General T. J. Jackson 
 
 (Stonewall) died, at Gunner s Station, of 
 wounds received in the battle of Chancel 
 lorsville, Va. 
 
 11. Engagement at Horseshoe Bend, 
 Ky. 
 
 1 2. Engagement of the 1 7th Army Corps 
 under General McPherson, at Raymond, 
 Miss. 
 
 13. Capture of Yazoo City, Miss., by 
 Union gunboats. 
 
 14. Capture of Jackson, Miss., by the 
 1 5th and I7th Army Corps, General Grant s 
 command ; General Jos. E. Johnston com 
 manding Confederates. 
 
 15. Engagement at Camp Moore, La. 
 
 1 6. Engagement at Champion Hills, 
 Miss. Baker s Creek and Edward s Sta 
 tion; 1 3th Corps and ijth Corps, General 
 Grant s command, General Pemberton 
 commanding Confederates. 
 
 17. Engagement at Big Black River, 
 Miss. 
 
 1 8 to July 4. Siege ofVicksburg first 
 assault, May 19 ; second assault, 22 ; 
 surrender, July 4 ; General Grant com 
 manding Union troops, Admiral Porter 
 the Mississippi fleet, and General Pem 
 berton the Confederates. 
 
 20. Engagement at Fort Gibson and 
 Fort Blount, Indian T} . 
 
 23. F Y ngagement at Beaver Dam Lake, 
 Miss. 
 
 27 to July 9. Siege. of Port Hudson, La., 
 by General Banks army, and Admiral 
 Farragut s fleet, General Frank Gardner 
 commanding the Confederates. 
 
 27. Cavalry action at Florence, Ala. 
 
 28. Engagement at Bushy Creek, Mo. 
 (Little Black River.) 
 
 29. Engagement at Mechanicsville, 
 Miss., by a portion of the i7th corps un 
 der General Blair. 
 
 31. Engagement at Rochefort, Mo. 
 
IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 565 
 
 JUNE. 
 
 4. Cavalry action at Clinton, La. 
 
 . Engagement at Mechanicsburg 
 and Sartoria, Miss. 
 
 . Confederate General Forrest attacks 
 the Union forces at Franklin, Tenn. 
 
 5. Engagement at Franklin s Cross 
 ing, Rappahannock River, Va. 
 
 6. Attack by Confederate General 
 Wheeler s cavalry on Union cavalry at 
 Murfreesboro, Tenn. 
 
 - to 8. Battle of Milliken s Bend, La. 
 9. Engagement at Fort Lyons, Ya. 
 
 . Engagement at Monticello and 
 Rocky Gap, Ky. 
 
 . Cavalry battle at Beverly Ford and 
 Brandy Station, Generals Pleasanton and 
 John Buford commanding the Union cav 
 alry, and General Jeb. Stuart the Confed 
 erates. 
 
 12. Attack on Union troops at Berry - 
 ville, Va. 
 
 13 to 15. Battle of Winchester, Va.; 
 U T nion troops commanded by General 
 Milroy, Confederates by General Ewell. 
 
 14. Occupation of Martinsburg, Va., by 
 Confederate forces. 
 
 . Occupation of Hagerstown second 
 invasion of Maryland by Lee s army. 
 
 15. Attack on Confederate forces at 
 Richmond, Miss., by General Mower s 
 brigade and General Ellet s Mississippi 
 marine brigade. 
 
 -. Chambersburg, Penn., sacked by 
 Confederate cavalry under General Jen 
 kins. 
 
 1 6. Engagement at Triplett s Bridge, 
 Fleming Count} , Ky. 
 
 . Fight at Jornada del Muerto, N. M. 
 
 17. Cavalry action at Aldie, Va., be 
 tween the Union command of General 
 Kilpatrick and the Confederate command 
 of General Jeb. Stuart. 
 
 . Capture of the Confederate ironclad 
 Atlanta, Captain Wm. A. Webb, by U. S. 
 monitor Weehawken, Captain John Rod- 
 gers, in Warsaw Sound, Ga. 
 
 1 8. Engagement at Rock}- Crossing, 
 Tallahatchee River, Miss. 
 
 . Engagement at Jackson Cross 
 Roads, La. 
 
 . Fight with Indians at Pawnee Res 
 ervation, Xeb. 
 
 20. Engagement and capture of U. S. 
 forces at Fernando, Miss. 
 
 . Occupation of Frederick, Md., by 
 Confederate forces. 
 
 . Engagement at La Fourche Cross 
 ing, or Thibodeaux, La. 
 
 21. Cavalry fight at Upperville, Va. 
 
 23. Engagement and capture of Bra- 
 shear City, La., by Confederate forces. 
 
 23 to 30. General Rosecrans from Mur 
 freesboro to Tullahomo, Tenn. 
 
 24. Occupation of Shippensburg, Penn., 
 by Confederate forces. 
 
 . Engagement at Middleton, Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at Hoover s Gap, 
 Tenn. 
 
 . Occupation of McConnellsburg, 
 Pa., by Confederate forces. 
 
 25. Engagement at Libert}- Gap, Tenn. 
 
 26. Engagement at South Anna, near 
 Hanover Court House, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Baltimore Cross 
 Roads, Ya. 
 
 27. Engagement at Fairfax, Va. 
 
 . Occupation of Carlisle, Pa., by 
 Confederate forces. 
 
 28. Attack by Confederates on Union 
 forces at Donaldsonville, La. 
 
 . General Meade assumes command 
 of the Army of the Potomac. 
 
 . Surrender of Mechanicsburg, Pa., 
 to Confederate forces. 
 
 . Engagement at Rover, Tenn. 
 
 29. Engagement at McConnellsburg, 
 Pa. 
 
 . Engagement at Westminster, Md. 
 
 30. Engagement at Sporting Hill, near 
 Harrisburg, Penn. 
 
 . Cavalry fight at Hanover, Pa., 
 between the Union command of General 
 Pleasanton and the Confederate forces of 
 General Jeb. Stuart. 
 
 . Engagement at Bayou Tensas, La. 
 
566 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 \_i86 3 
 
 JULY. 
 
 i to 3. Battle of Gettysburg ; Union 
 forces commanded by General Meade, 
 Confederates by General Robert E. Lee. 
 
 i to 2. Engagement at Black River, 
 Miss. 
 
 i to 2. Engagement at Cabin Creek, 
 Indian Ty. 
 
 i to 26. Confederate raid of General 
 John Morgan into Kentucky, Indiana, 
 and Ohio. 
 
 2. Engagement of cavalry, Army of 
 the Cumberland, at Elk River, Tenn. 
 
 . Attack on Union troops at Beverly, 
 Va. 
 
 3. Cavalry engagement at Fairfield, 
 Pa. 
 
 4. Engagement at University Place, 
 Tenn. 
 
 4-5. Battle at Big Black River, Miss. 
 
 4. Surrender of Vicksburg, Miss., and 
 
 its Confederate garrison, to General Grant. 
 
 . Battle at Helena, Ark. 
 
 . Capture of Confederate train and 
 engagement at Monterey Gap and Smiths- 
 burg, Md., by the 3d cavalry division of [ 
 the Army of the Potomac. 
 
 . Attack on Union troops at Lebanon, 
 Ky. 
 
 6. Engagement at Quaker Bridge, 
 N. C. 
 
 . Cavalry fight at Williamsport, Md. 
 
 7. Fight with Ute Indians at Grand 
 Pass, Fort Halleck, Idaho Ty. 
 
 . Indian fight at Redwood Creek, Cal. 
 
 8. Cavalry action at Boonsboro, Md., 
 between General John Buford s command 
 and that of Confederate General Stuart. 
 
 9. Surrender of Port Hudson, La., and 
 its garrison, to the Army of the Gulf, 
 General Banks commanding. 
 
 9-16. Siege of Jackson, Miss. 
 
 10 to September 16. Siege of Fort Wag 
 ner, S. C., by troops of the Department of 
 the South, General Quincy A. Gillmore 
 commanding, and U. S. fleet, Admiral 
 Dahlgren. 
 
 . Salem, Ind., sacked by Confederates 
 under General John Morgan. 
 
 10. Unsuccessful assault of Union troops 
 on Fort Wagner, Charleston harbor, S. C. 
 
 11. Cavalry action at Hagerstown, Md. 
 . Destruction of depot and bridge at 
 
 Vienna, Ind., by Confederate cavalry 
 under General John Morgan. 
 
 12. Fight with Morgan s men at Ver- 
 non, Ind. 
 
 13. Capture of Yazoo City, Miss., by 
 General Herron s division and Union 
 gunboats. 
 
 . Cavalry fight at Jackson, Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at Donaldsonville, La., 
 Union forces comprising portions of Gen 
 erals Wietzel s and Grover s divisions, 
 i gth Army Corps. 
 
 . Bombardment of Williamston, N. C., 
 on the Roanoke River. 
 
 13-16. Draft riots in New York city. 
 
 15. Cavalry action at Halltown, Va. 
 
 1 6. General Parke, 9th Army Corps, 
 repulses attack on his forces at Jackson, 
 Miss. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement at Sheppards- 
 town, Va. 
 
 . Attack on Union troops, commanded 
 by General Terry, at Secessionville, James 
 Island, S. C. 
 
 17. Battle of Honey Springs, Elk Creek, 
 Indian Ty. 
 
 1 8. Indian fight at Rio Hondo, N. M. 
 . Second unsuccessful assault on Fort 
 
 Wagner, S. C. 
 
 . Capture and destruction by Union 
 forces of Wytheville, W. Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Canton, Miss. 
 
 19. Capture of Morgan s raiders at Buf- 
 fington Island, Ohio. 
 
 21. Cavalry action at Manassas Gap, 
 Va. 
 
 21-22. Cavalry engagement at Chester 
 Gap, Va. 
 
 22. Indian fight at Concha Springs, 
 
 N. M. 
 
 23. Engagement of 3d Army Corps with 
 Confederate forces at Wapping Heights, 
 Va. 
 
 24. Fight of Minnesota volunteer regi 
 ments with Sioux Indians at Big Mound, 
 Dak. 
 
IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 567 
 
 25. Capture, by U. S. steamer Iroquois, 
 of Confederate steamers Merrimac and 
 Lizzie, off Wilmington, N. C. 
 
 26. Surrender of the Confederate Gen 
 eral John Morgan and the remainder of 
 his forces, at New Lisbon, Ohio. 
 
 . Fight with Sioux Indians at Dead 
 Buffalo Lake, Dak. 
 
 28. Fight with Sioux Indians at Stony 
 Lake, Dak. 
 
 29. Attack by Confederate forces, com 
 manded by General Pegram, on Union 
 troops at Paris, Ky. 
 
 30. Fight with Sioux Indians at Mis 
 souri River, Dak. 
 
 3 1 . Capture of the Confederate steamer 
 Kate by U. S. steamer Iroquois off Charles 
 ton harbor, S. C. 
 
 AUGUST. 
 
 i. Cavalry engagement at Rappahan- 
 nock vStation, Va. 
 
 3. Engagement at Jackson, La., be 
 tween brigade of U. S. colored troops and 
 Confederates. 
 
 5. Attack on U. S. gunboats at Dutch 
 Gap, James River, Va. 
 
 9. Cavalry engagement at Sparta, 
 Tenn. 
 
 13. Engagement at Grenada, Miss. 
 
 14. Action at West Point, White House, 
 Ark. 
 
 1 6. Capture of Confederate steamer 
 Cronstadt by L T . S. gunboat Rhode Island, 
 off coast of North Carolina. 
 
 17. Bombardment of Fort Sumter com 
 menced by siege and naval shore bat 
 teries and U. S. ironclad fleet, General 
 Quincy A. Gillmore commanding Union 
 land forces and Admiral Dahlgren the 
 fleet. 
 
 1 8. Indian fight at the Pueblo of Colo 
 rado in New Mexico. 
 
 21. Lawrence, Kas., sacked and burned 
 by Quantrell s guerrillas. 
 
 . Bombardment of Chattanooga, 
 Tenn., by the artillery of General Rose- 
 crans army. 
 
 22. Capture of U. S. gunboats Satellite 
 and Reliance, in Rappahannock River, 
 Va., by Confederate forces under Lieuten 
 ant-Commander Wood, Confederate States 
 Navy. 
 
 23. Bombardment of Fort Fisher, N. C., 
 by U. S. steam-frigate Minnesota. 
 
 24. Cavalry engagement in King 
 George County, Va. 
 
 26. Engagement at Perryville, Ark. 
 
 . Engagement at Rocky Gap, Va. 
 (White Sulphur Springs). 
 
 27. Battle at Bayou Metoe, Ark. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement at Hanover, 
 Ala. 
 
 31. Engagement at Arkansas. 
 
 SEPTEMBER. 
 
 i. Engagement at Devil s Backbone, 
 Ark. (Fort Smith and Cotton Gap). 
 
 3. Fight with Sioux Indians at White 
 Stone Hill, Dak. 
 
 4. Occupation of Knoxville, Tenn., by 
 Union forces under General Burnside. 
 
 . Bread riot in Mobile, Ala. 
 
 5. Engagement at Limestone Station, 
 Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at Moorefield, W. Va. 
 
 . Bombardment of forts Wagner and 
 Gregg, Charleston harbor, by U. S. iron 
 clads and batteries. 
 
 6. Cavalry engagement at Brandy 
 Station, Va., between General Custer s 
 command and that of Confederate Gen 
 eral Stuart. 
 
 7. Bombardment of Fort Moultrie, 
 Charleston harbor, S. C., by U. S. iron 
 clads. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement at Ashley s 
 Mills, Ark. 
 
 8. Unsuccessful night attack on Fort 
 Sumter by sailors and marines of Ad 
 miral Dahlgren s fleet. 
 
 . Capture of U. S. gunboats Clifton 
 and Sachem, at Sabine Pass, La. 
 
 9. Surrender by Confederate forces of 
 Cumberland Gap, Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at Telford, Tenn. 
 
568 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 [_786j 
 
 9. Fight at Weber s Falls, Indian Ty. 
 
 10. Cavalry engagement at Graysville, 
 Ga. 
 
 . Capture of Little Rock, Ark 1 ., by 
 Union forces. 
 
 u. Engagement at Ringgold, Ga. 
 
 12. Engagement at Sterling s Planta 
 tion, La. 
 
 . Engagement at Paris, Tenn. 
 . Cavalry fight at Culpeper Court 
 house, Va. 
 
 13. Engagement at Lett s tan-yard, 
 near Chickamauga, Tenn. 
 
 14. Cavalry engagement at Rapidan 
 Station, Va. 
 
 15. Cavalry fight at Hendricks, Miss. 
 . Proclamation issued by President 
 
 Lincoln, suspending the writ of habeas 
 corpus in certain cases. 
 
 19-21. Battle of Chickamauga, Ga. ; 
 General Rosecrans commanding L T nion 
 army, General Bragg the Confederate 
 forces. 
 
 21. Cavalry action at Bristol, Tenn. 
 
 . Cavalry action at White s Ford, Va. 
 
 22. Cavalry engagement at Carter s 
 Station, Tenn. 
 
 . Cavalry action at Blountsville, 
 Tenn. 
 
 . Cavalry fight at Rockville, Md. 
 
 24. Engagement at Zollicoffer, Tenn. 
 
 26. Cavalry engagement at Calhoun, 
 Tenn. 
 
 28. Engagement at McMinnville, Tenn. 
 
 29. Engagement at Sterling s farm, 
 near Morganzia, La. 
 
 OCTOBER. 
 
 2. Engagement at Anderson s Cross 
 Roads, Tenn. 
 
 3- Engagement at Thompson Cove, 
 Tenn. 
 
 5. Engagement at Blue Springs, Tenn. 
 7- "Engagement at Shelby ville Pike, j 
 nearFarmington, Tenn. 
 
 8. Engagement at Charlestown, Va. 
 . Engagement at Salem, Miss. 
 
 9. Cavalry action at Sugar Creek, 
 Tenn. 
 
 10. Cavalry fight at Rapidan, Va. 
 
 -. Cavalry engagement at Ingraham s 
 plantation, Miss. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement at James City, 
 Va., between 3d Cavalry Division of the 
 Army of the Potomac and Confederate 
 cavalry forces of General Jeb. Stuart. 
 
 . Engagement at Blue Springs, Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at Vermilion Bayou, 
 La. 
 
 11. Cavalry of the Army of the Ohio 
 | engaged at Rheatown, Tenn. 
 
 -. Fight of 5th Indiana Cavalry with 
 I Confederates at Henderson s Mill, Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at Colliersville, Tenn. 
 j 12. Engagement of 2d cavalry division, 
 Army of the Potomac, with Confederate 
 j forces at Jeflferston, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Ingham s Mills, near 
 Byhalia, Miss. 
 
 12-13. Cavalry fight at Culpeper and 
 Warrenton, White Sulphur Springs, Va. 
 
 12-13. Engagement at Merrill s Cross - 
 i ing, Mo. 
 
 13. Cavaln- action at Wyatt, Miss. 
 
 . Engagement of cavalry, Army of 
 the Cumberland, at Maysville, Ala. 
 
 13-14- Engagement of cavalry, Army 
 of the Ohio, at Blountsville, Tenn. 
 
 14- Battle at Bristol Station, Va. 2d 
 corps, 5th Corps, and 2d Cavalry Division, 
 Army of the Potomac, engaged with 
 Confederates under General A. P. Hill. 
 
 . Engagement at Auburn, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Salt Lick, Va. 
 
 15. Engagement and capture, by I5th 
 and 1 7th corps under General McPherson, 
 of Canton, Miss. 
 
 . Engagement at McLean s Ford, 
 Liberty Mills, Va. 
 
 17. Engagement at Clinton, Miss., by 
 detachments of the Army of the Tennessee 
 under General McPherson. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement at Rapidan, 
 Va. 
 
 1 8. Engagement at Berrysville, Va. 
 
 19. Cavalry action at Buckland Mills 
 Va. 
 
 20. Engagement at Barton Station, 
 Miss. 
 
IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE C/JYA WAR. 
 
 569 
 
 20-22. Engagement at Philadelphia, 
 Tenn. 
 
 21. Engagement at Cherokee Station, 
 Ala. 
 
 . Engagement and occupation of 
 Opelousas, La., by General Eranklin s 
 division of the Army of the Gulf. 
 
 25. Engagement at Pine Bluff, Ark. 
 
 26. Engagement at Cane Creek, Ala. 
 (or Tuscumbia), by General Osterhaus 
 division, i5th Army Corps, General S. I). 
 Lee commanding Confederates. 
 
 27. Attack by General W. F. Smith on 
 Confederate General Longstreet s forces 
 at Brown s Ferry, Tenn. 
 
 . Battle of Wauhatchie, Tenn. nth 
 and 1 2th Army Corps, General Hooker 
 commanding; Confederates under Gen 
 eral Longstreet. 
 
 28-29. Engagement at Lookout Creek, 
 General O. O. Howard commanding Union 
 forces. 
 
 28. Engagement at Lei per s Ferry, 
 Tenn. 
 
 29. Engagement at Cherokee Station, 
 Ala. 
 
 NOVEMBER. 
 
 3. Action at Grand Coteau, La. 
 
 4. Engagement at Lawrenceburg, 
 Tenn. 
 
 5. Cavalry engagement at Mill Point, 
 W. Va. 
 
 6. Engagement at Rogersville, Tenn. 
 
 7. Battle at Droop Mountain, Va. ; 
 General Averell commanding Union 
 forces, and generals Echols and Jenkins 
 the Confederates. 
 
 7. Engagement at Kelly s Ford, Va. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement at Stevens- 
 burg, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Rappahannock Sta 
 tion, Va. 
 
 . Cavalry fight at Muddy Run, Cul- 
 peper, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Bayou Sara, Miss. 
 
 14. Engagement at Huff s Ferry, Tenn. 
 
 15. Engagement at Holston s River, 
 near Knoxville, Tenn. 
 
 1 6. Engagement at Campbell s Station, 
 Tenn., between the forces of General 
 Burnside and those of General Long- 
 street. 
 
 17 to December 4. Siege of Knoxville, 
 Tenn., by Confederate forces under Gen 
 eral Longsteeet. 
 
 . Engagement and capture, by Union 
 forces under General Banks, of Mustang 
 Island, near Aranzas Pass, Tex. 
 
 23-26. Battles of Chattanooga, Tenn. 
 (including Orchard Knob, Lookout 
 Mountain, and Missionary Ridge); Gen 
 eral Grant commanding the Union Army 
 and General Bragg the Confederate. 
 
 26. Engagement at Sparta, Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at Warm Springs, 
 N. C. 
 
 . Engagement at Kingston, Tenn. 
 26-28. Operations at Mine Run, Va. 
 
 27. Engagements at Ringgold, Grays- 
 ville, Peavine Creek, and Taylor s Ridge, 
 Ga. ; General Jo. Hooker commanding 
 Union troops, and General Hardee the 
 Confederate. 
 
 . Engagement at Cleveland, Tenn. 
 
 27-29. Destruction, by Confederates, 
 and occupation of Fort Esperanza, Tex., 
 by Union forces under General Wash- 
 burne. 
 
 29. Assault, by Confederate forces, on 
 Fort Sanders, Knoxville, Tenn. 
 
 DECEMBER. 
 
 1. Engagement at Ripley, Miss. 
 
 2. Confederate cavalry attack on 
 Union forces at Walker s Ford, Clinch 
 River, W. Va. 
 
 4. Cavalry fight at Moscow Station, 
 Miss. 
 
 6. Cavalry engagement at Clinch 
 Mountain, Tenn, 
 
 . U. S. ironclad foundered at the^en- 
 trance to Charleston harbor, S. C., during 
 a storm. 
 
 8. Cavalry engagement at Princeton, 
 Ark. 
 
 . President Lincoln appends an Am 
 nesty Proclamation to his Message. 
 
570 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 8. The National House of Representa 
 tives pass unanimously a vote of thanks 
 to General U. S. Grant and his army, and 
 order that a medal be struck in his honor, 
 in the name of the people of the United 
 States. 
 
 10. Cavalry engagement at Morris- 
 town, Tenn. 
 
 12. Engagement at Lewisburg, Tenn. 
 
 1 6. Engagement at Blain s Cross Roads, 
 Tenn. 
 
 17. Engagement at Rodney, Miss. 
 
 18. Engagement at Indian Town, N. C. 
 . Engagement at Fort Gibson, Ark. 
 24. Cavalry action at Bolivar and Sum- 
 
 merville, Tenn. 
 
 26. Engagement at Port Gibson, Miss. 
 
 27-28. Cavalry actions at Colliersville, 
 Tenn. 
 
 29. Battle of Talbot s Station and 
 Mossy Creek, Tenn. 
 
 29 and 30. Engagement at Matagorda 
 Bay, Tex. 
 
 30. Engagement at Greenville, N. C. 
 
 JANUARY, 1864. 
 
 i. Cavalry engagement at Rectors- 
 town, Ya. 
 
 4. Fight with Navajo Indians at Fort 
 Sumner, N. Mex. 
 
 16-17. Attack on Union troops at Dan- 
 dridge, Tenn. 
 
 17. Cavalry fight at Lewisburg, Ark. 
 
 20. Engagement at Island No. 76, Miss. 
 
 . Engagement at Tracy City, Tenn. 
 
 24. Cavalry action at Baker Springs, 
 Caddo Gap, Ark. 
 
 . Engagement at Tazewell, Tenn. 
 
 26. Engagement at Florence, Ala. 
 
 27. Engagement of cavalry division, 
 Army of the Ohio, with Confederate cav 
 alry ^t Fair Gardens, Tenn. 
 
 . Attack on Union troops at Scott s 
 Mills Roads, Tenn. 
 
 28. Capture of Confederate cavalry at 
 Tunnel Hill, Ga., by i4th Army Corps. 
 
 . Engagement at Oregon Mountain s, 
 ist California Cavalry. 
 
 29. Engagement at Medley, near Will- 
 iamsport, W. Va. 
 
 . Fight with Indians, Cafion de 
 Chelly, N. M. Colonel Kit Carson, ist 
 New Mexico Volunteers, commanding. 
 
 FEBRUARY. 
 
 1. President Lincoln orders a draft of 
 500,000 more men, to serve for three years, 
 or during the war. 
 
 . Engagement at Bachelor s Creek, 
 N. C., between the forces of General 
 Palmer and the Confederates under Gen 
 eral Pickett. 
 
 . Engagement at Smithfield, Ya. 
 
 2. Engagement at Newport Barracks, 
 
 N. C. 
 
 3. Engagement at Satartia, Miss. 
 
 . Engagement at Liverpool Heights, 
 Miss. 
 
 . Engagement at New Berne, N. C., 
 between the forces of General Foster and 
 those of Confederate General Pickett. 
 
 . Cavalry actions between forces 
 under General Averell and those of Con 
 federate General Rosser at Patterson 
 Creek and Springfield, W. Ya. 
 
 3 to March 5. Expedition from Yicks- 
 burg to Meridian, Miss., General W. T. 
 Sherman commanding. 
 
 4. Engagement at Big Black River, 
 Miss. General McPherson, i7th Army 
 Corps, commanding Union forces, and 
 General Stephen D. Lee the Confederates. 
 
 . Engagement at Moorefield, W. Ya. 
 
 5. Engagement at Clinton and Jack 
 son, Miss. 
 
 7. Attack on Union garrison at Yida- 
 lia, La. 
 
 9. Escape of Colonel Streight and 108 
 other Union officers from Libby Prison, 
 Richmond, Ya., 48 recaptured. 
 
 . Engagement at Morgan s Mills, 
 Spring River, White County, Ark. 
 
 9-10. Engagement at Barber s Place, 
 South Fork, St. Mary s River, Fla. 
 
 10-25. General W. S. Smith s raids from 
 Germantown, Tenn., co-operating with 
 Sherman s expedition to Meridian, Miss. 
 
1864} 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 571 
 
 12. Engagement at Chunky Station, 
 Miss. 
 
 14. Occupation of Meridian, Miss., by 
 Union forces under General Sherman. 
 
 1 6. Engagement of gun-boats at Grant 
 Pass, Mobile, Ala. 
 
 1 7. Destruction of the U. S. steam sloop- 
 of-war Housatonic by torpedo in Charles 
 ton harbor, S. C. 
 
 20. Battle of Olustee, Fla. 
 
 22. Engagement at Powell s River 
 Bridge, Tenn. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement at Okalona 
 and Mount Ivy, Miss. 
 
 . Attack on Union troops at Dranes- 
 ville, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Luna Landing, Ark. 
 
 25-27. Engagements at Buzzard Roost 
 and Tunnel Hill, Rocky Face Ridge, Ga., 
 by 4th and i4th Arm}- Corps and Cavalry 
 Corps, Army of the Cumberland, with 
 the Confederate forces under General 
 Wheeler. 
 
 25. Bombardment of Fort Powell, 
 Mobile Bay, Ala. 
 
 28 to March 4. Kilpatrick s raid with 
 division of cavalry, Army of the Potomac, 
 from Stevensburg to Richmond, Va. 
 
 28. Engagement at Dukedom, Ky. 
 
 MARCH. 
 
 1. General Custer s cavalry engage 
 ment at Stanardsville and Burton s Ford, 
 Rapidan, Va. 
 
 . Major-General U. S. Grant nomi 
 nated to chief command of the army, 
 with rank (specially created) of Lieuten 
 ant-General. 
 
 2. Bombardment of Harrisonburg, La., 
 by Mississippi squadron, Admiral Porter 
 commanding. 
 
 4. Engagement at Rodney, Miss. 
 . Attack on Yazoo City, Miss., by 
 U. S. troops. 
 
 . Engagement at Coleman s, Miss. 
 
 7. Capture by troops of the Army of 
 the Tennessee of Decatur, Ala. 
 
 8. Engagement of U. S. colored cavalry 
 at Suffolk, Va. 
 
 12. Lieutenant-General Grant assigned 
 to command of U. S. Army. 
 
 . Major-General Halleck appointed 
 Chief of Staff U. S. Army. 
 
 . Major- General W. T. Sherman as 
 signed to command of the Military 
 Division of the Mississippi, comprising 
 the departments of Ohio, the Cumberland, 
 the Tennessee, and the Arkansas. 
 
 13. Engagement at Carrolton Store, Va. 
 
 14. Capture of Fort De Russy, La., by 
 army forces under General A. J. Smith 
 and Mississippi squadron of Admiral 
 Porter. 
 
 . President Lincoln calls for 200,000 
 additional men for army reserve and 
 navy. 
 
 1 6. Engagement at Fort Pillow, Tenn. 
 
 17. Lieutenant-General Grant assumes 
 command of the L T nion Armies. 
 
 21. Battle of Henderson Mills (Bayou 
 Rapides), La., General Mower command 
 ing Union troops and General Richard 
 Taylor the Confederates. 
 
 24. Confederate General Forrest cap 
 tures the Union troops at Union City, 
 Ky. 
 
 25. General Forrest makes an unsuc 
 cessful attack on Fort Anderson, Padu- 
 cah, Ky. 
 
 26. Engagement at Longview, Ark. 
 31. Cavalry action at Natchitoches, La. 
 . Red River expedition under General 
 
 Banks. 
 
 APRIL. 
 
 1. Battle at Fitzhugh s Woods, Ark. 
 
 2. Engagement at Spoon ville, Ark. 
 . Red River expedition Fight at 
 
 Crump s Hill, La. 
 
 . Fight at Pensacola, Fla. 
 
 3. Engagement at Okalona, Ark. 
 Steele s expedition. % 
 
 4. Action at Campti, La. Red River 
 expedition. 
 
 4-6. Engagement of Steele s expedi 
 tion at Elkin s Ford, Little Missouri 
 River, Ark. 
 
 5. Engagement at Roseville, Ark. 
 
IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 [1864 
 
 7. Engagement of cavalry of Red 
 River expedition at Wilson s Farm, La. 
 
 . Oregon cavalry fight with Indians 
 at Harney Lake Valley, Oregon. 
 
 . Attack on Union troops at Plain s 
 Store, near Port Hudson, La. 
 
 8. Battle of Sabine Cross Roads, La. 
 
 9. Fight of the cavalry and a division 
 of the i gth Army Corps, Red River ex 
 pedition, at Pleasant Hills, La. 
 
 10-13. Steele s expedition, battle at 
 Prairie d Ann, Ark. 
 
 12. Attack by Confederate General For 
 rest on Fort Pillow, Tenn., and capture of 
 its garrison of U. S. colored troops. 
 
 . Fight with Indians at Fremont s 
 Orchard, near Denver, Col. 
 
 13. Engagement at Cleveland, Tenn. 
 . Fight of Kentucky Volunteers at 
 
 Paintsville. Ky. 
 
 1 6. Engagement at Scullyville, Indian 
 TV. 
 
 17-20. Engagement at Plymouth, N. C., 
 participated in by troops and gun-boats. 
 
 1 8. Action at Poison Springs, near 
 Camden, Ark. 
 
 19. Cavalry fight at Xatchitoches, La. 
 2 1 . Engagement at Cotton Plant, Cache 
 
 River, Ark. 
 
 23. Red River expedition Engage 
 ment at Monetis Bluff, Cane River. La. 
 
 23-24. Engagement of portions of 1 3th, 
 1 7th, and igth Army Corps, Red River 
 expedition, at Cloutersville, La. 
 
 25. Cavalry action at Wautauga Bridge, 
 Carter s Station, Tenn. 
 
 . Steele s campaign. Capture of 
 wagon-train by Confederate forces. 
 
 26. Engagement at Red River, La. 
 Union gun-boats Cricket and Fort Hind- 
 vian, commanded by Admiral Porter. 
 
 . Engagement at Moro Creek, Ark. 
 . Engagement at Alexandria, La. 
 
 29. Engagement at Princeton, Ark. 
 
 30. Attack on General Banks Army, 
 Red River expedition, at Jenkins Ferry, 
 Saline River, Ark. 
 
 MAY. 
 
 1. Cavalry action at Hudnot s Planta 
 tion, La. 
 
 2. Engagement at Memphis, Tenn. 
 
 . Engagement at Governor Moore s 
 Plantation, La. 
 
 3. Engagement at Bolivar, Tenn., 
 between cavalry forces of General Sturgis 
 and those of Confederate General For 
 rest. 
 
 . Engagement of caval ry of the Army 
 of the Cumberland at Red Clay, Ga. 
 
 4. Engagement of California Volun 
 teers at Doubtful Canon, Arizona. 
 
 4-12. General Kautz s cavalry raid 
 from Suffolk to City Point, Va. 
 
 4-13. Yazoo City, Miss., expedition. 
 
 5. Unsuccessful attempt by U. S. gun 
 boats to destroy the Confederate ram 
 Albemarle in Roanoke River, N. C. 
 
 . Attack on Union forces at Dunn s 
 Bayou, Red River, La. 
 
 . Engagement of cavalry division, 
 Army of the Potomac, at Wall Bridge, 
 Va. 
 
 . Cavalry action at Thoroughfare 
 Gap, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Craig s Meeting 
 House, Va., of cavalry division, Army of 
 the Potomac. 1 
 
 5-7. Battles of the Wilderness, Va., 
 between the L T nion Army under General 
 Grant and the Confederate forces of Gen 
 eral Lee. 
 
 5-9. Engagements between General 
 W. T. Sherman s army and Confederate 
 army of General Jos. E. Johnston at 
 Rocky Face Ridge, Ga. 
 
 5 to September 8. Campaign in North 
 ern Georgia, Chattanooga to Atlanta, Ga., 
 Armies of the Cumberland, Tennessee, 
 and Ohio. 
 
 5. Evacuation by Confederate forces of 
 Petersburg, Va. 
 
 6. Engagement at Princeton, W. Ya. 
 
 6-7. Destruction of Richmond & Pe 
 tersburg Railroad by portions of loth 
 and 1 8th Corps, Arm y of the James. 
 
IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 573 
 
 7. Engagement at Tunnel Hill, Ga., 
 of 4th Corps and cavalry, Army of the 
 Cumberland, General Geo. H. Thomas 
 commanding U. S. forces. 
 
 . Engagement at Mill Creek and 
 Dug Springs, Ga., of 2oth Army Corps. 
 
 . Kautz s raid Action at Stoney 
 Creek Station, Weldon Railroad, Ya. 
 
 8. Cavalry fight at Todd s Tavern, Ya. 
 8-1 8. Battles at Spottsylvania Court 
 house, Ya. 
 
 8. Occupation by Union forces of 
 Fredericksburg, Ya. 
 
 . Engagement of 4th Corps and cav 
 alry, Army of the Cumberland, at Buz 
 zard s Roost Gap, Ga., General Stanley 
 commanding Union forces. 
 
 . Engagement at Snake Gap, Ga., 
 1 5th Corps, Army of the Tennessee, Gen 
 eral McPherson commanding. 
 
 9. Capture by 23d Corps of Dalton, 
 Ga. 
 
 9-13. General Sheridan s raid with Cav 
 alry Corps, Army of the Potomac, through 
 Confederate lines. 
 
 9. Kautz s raid Action at Jarrett s 
 Station, Weldon Railroad, Ya. 
 
 . Kautz s raid Action at White s 
 Bridge, Nottaway Creek, Ya. 
 
 . Engagement of ist Cavalry Divi 
 sion, Army of the Cumberland, at Yar- 
 nell s Station, Ga. 
 
 9-10. Engagements of zoth and iSth 
 Corps, Army of the James, at Swift 
 Creek, Ya. 
 
 9-10. Engagement at Cloyd s Moun 
 tain and New River Bridge, Ya. 
 
 9-10. Engagements at Cove Mountain, 
 Wytheville, Grassy Lick, Ya. 
 
 9. Sheridan s raid Destruction of 
 Beaver Dam Station, North Anna, Va., 
 by ist Division, Cavalry Corps, Army of 
 the Potomac. 
 
 11. Cavalry action at Yellow Tavern, 
 near Richmond, General Sheridan com 
 manding Union forces ; General Jeb. 
 Stuart, commanding the Confederates, 
 killed in action. 
 
 12. Engagement at Yaughn, Miss. 
 
 1 2- 1 6. Engagements of loth and i8th 
 Corps at Fort Darling, Drewry s Bluff, 
 Ya., General Butler commanding Union 
 forces, and General Beauregard the Con 
 federates. 
 
 12-17. Kautz s raid with the cavalry of 
 the Army of the James on the Petersburg 
 & Lynchburg Railroad, Ya. 
 
 12. Cavalry engagement (Sheridan s 
 raid) at Meadow Bridge, Chickahominy 
 River, Ya. 
 
 13-16. Battles at Resaca, Ga., between 
 the armies of General W. T. Sherman and 
 General Jos. E. Johnston. 
 
 13. Cavalry engagement at Tilton.Tenn. 
 14-16. Red River expedition Action 
 
 at Mansura, La. 
 
 15. Battle at New Market, Ya. 
 
 . Engagement at Ley s Ferry, Ga. 
 . Cavalry engagement at Tanner s 
 Bridge, near Rome, Ga. 
 
 1 6. Engagement of i6th Corps, Army 
 of the Tennessee, at Rome Cross Roads, 
 Ga. 
 
 . Indian fight at Smoky Hill, Col. 
 
 16-20. Battles of the loth and i8th 
 Corps, Army of the James, at Bermuda 
 Hundred, Ya. 
 
 1 6. Cavalry action at Belcher s Mills, 
 Ya. 
 
 17-18. Engagement of 4th Corps, Army 
 of the Cumberland, at Adairsville, Ga. 
 
 . Engagement at Madison Station, 
 Ala. 
 
 1 8. Occupation of Rome, Ga., by L nion 
 troops tinder General McPherson. 
 
 . Occupation of Kingston, Ga., by 
 General Sherman. 
 
 . Attack on Union forces (Red River 
 expedition) at Bayou de Glaize. 
 
 . Indian fight at Crooked River, 
 Oregon. 
 
 19-22. Engagement of 2oth Corps, 
 Army of the Cumberland, at Cassville, 
 Ga. 
 
 23-27. Engagements between the ar 
 mies of Generals Grant and Lee at North 
 Anna River, Ya. 
 
 24. Attack at Holly Springs, Miss. 
 
574 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 11864 
 
 24. Attack on Union forces at Kings 
 ton, Ga. 
 
 . Engagement at Wilson s Wharf 
 Landing, Va. 
 
 25 to June 4. Engagement at Dallas, 
 Ga., between the Union forces, under the 
 command of General Jo. Hooker, and the 
 Confederates under General Hardee. 
 
 26. Engagement of the cavalry of the 
 Army of the Cumberland at Burned 
 Church, Ga. 
 
 26-27. Cavalry and infantry engage 
 ments at Decatur, Courtland Road, Ala. 
 
 27. Fight at San Carlos River, Cal., 
 between __ California Volunteers and Ind 
 ians. 
 
 . Engagement of Cavalry Corps, 
 Army of the Potomac, atHanoverton, Pa- 
 munkey River, Va. 
 
 28. Battle at Dallas, Ga., General Sher 
 man commanding Union forces, and Gen 
 eral Longstreet the Confederates. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement at Hawes 
 Shop, Tolopotomy Creek, Va. 
 
 28-29. Engagement at Moulton, Ala. 
 
 29-31. Engagement near Tolopotomy, 
 Va., participated in by the 2d and 5th 
 Corps, Army of the Potomac. 
 
 30. Engagement at Hanover Court 
 house, Va., Ashland, Va., and Old Church, 
 Va., by the Cavalry Corps, Army of the 
 Potomac. 
 
 JUNE. 
 
 1-12. Battles of Cold Harbor, Va., and 
 vicinity by the Army of the Potomac and 
 1 8th Corps of the Army of the James, 
 under Generals Grant and Meade, with 
 the Confederate Army of General Robert 
 E. Lee. 
 
 2. Occupation of Bermuda Hundred, 
 Va., by the loth Army Corps.; 
 
 . Cavalry Corps engagements at 
 Games Mills, Va., Salem Church, Va., 
 and IIaw r es Shop, Va. 
 
 3 . Engagement at Panther Gap, W. Va. , 
 General Hayes commanding Union forces. 
 
 3-4. Cavalry engagement at Ackworth, 
 Ga. 
 
 5. Battle at Piedmont, Va. 
 
 6. Engagement at Buffalo Gap, W. Va. 
 . Engagement of i6th Army Corps 
 
 at Lake Chicot, Ark. 
 
 7. Engagement at Ripley, Miss. Cav 
 alry advance of General Sturgis com 
 mand. 
 
 9-30. Battles at Kenesaw Mountain, 
 participated in by the 4th, I4th, and 2oth 
 Corps, Army of the Cumberland; isth, 
 1 6th, and i7th Corps, Arm}- of the Ten 
 nessee ; 23d Corps, Army of the Ohio. 
 
 9. Cavalry engagement at Mount 
 Sterling, Ky. 
 
 10-11. Engagement at Lexington, 
 W. Va. 
 
 10. Engagement at Petersbxirg, Va. ; 
 cavalry commanded b} General Kautz 
 and a portion of the loth Corps, Army of 
 the Ja mes. 
 
 . Battle at Brice s Cross Roads, near 
 Guntown, Miss., General Sturgis com 
 manding Union forces and General Kirby 
 Smith the Confederates. 
 
 11. Morgan s attack on Union forces 
 at Cynthiana, Ky. 
 
 ii-i2. Engagement at Trevellian Sta 
 tion, Central Railroad, Va. 
 
 12. Engagement at McAfee s Cross 
 Roads, La. 
 
 13. Engagement at White Oak Swamp 
 Bridge, Charles City Cross Roads, Vs. 
 Sheridan s Cavalry Corps and 5th Army 
 Corps. 
 
 14. Action at Pine Mountain, Ga. 
 
 . Engagement at Buchanan, near 
 Lexington, Va. 
 
 15. Engagement at Samaria Church, 
 Malvern Hill, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Baylor s Earm, Va.; 
 joth Corps, Army of the James. 
 
 . Siege of Petersburg, Va. (June 15- 
 April 2, 1865). 
 
 15-19. Battles (includes Baylor s Farm, 
 Wai thai, and Weir Bottom Church) at 
 Petersburg, Va.; participated in by loth 
 and i8th Corps, Army of the James ; 2d, 
 5th, 6th, and gth Corps, Army of the 
 Potomac ; Generals Grant and Meade 
 
1864} 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 575 
 
 commanding the Union forces, and Gen 
 eral Lee the Confederate. 
 
 16. Engagement at Otter Creek, near 
 Liberty, Ya. 
 
 . Engagement of aoth Corps, near 
 Golgotha, Ga. 
 
 17-18. Engagement near Lynchburg, 
 Va. 
 
 19. Naval engagement off Cherbourg, 
 France, between the U. S. steamer Kcar- 
 sargc, Captain Winslow, and the Confed 
 erate States steamer Alabama, Captain 
 Semmes, resulting in the sinking of the 
 Alabama. 
 
 20. Engagement at White House, Va. 
 . Engagement near Liberty, Va. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement, Army of the 
 Cumberland, at Lattemore Mills, Noon 
 day Creek, Ga. 
 
 21. Cavalry engagement, Army of 
 West Virginia, at Salem, Va. 
 
 . Naval engagement in James River, 
 near Dutch Gap. 
 
 22-30. Wilson s raid with cavalr}- of 
 the Army of the James, and 3d division 
 cavalry, Army of the Potomac, on Weldon 
 Railroad, Va. 
 
 22-23. Engagement near W T eldon Rail 
 road, Va., between 2d and 6th Army 
 Corps and ist division, 5th Corps, under 
 General Meade, and Confederate forces, 
 commanded by General Lee. 
 
 23. Cavalry engagement at Nottoway 
 Court House, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Jones Bridge, Va. 
 
 24. Cavalry engagement at Samaria 
 Church, Va. 
 
 25-29. Engagements at Clarendon, St. 
 Charles River, Ark. 
 
 27. General assault on Kenesaw Moun 
 tain, Ga., participated in by the Army of 
 the Cumberland, Army of the Tennessee, 
 and Army of the Ohio. 
 
 30. The LT. S. steamer Hunchback, Com 
 mander E. T. Nichols, and the monitor 
 Saugus, Commander E. R. Calhoun, en 
 gage the batteries at Four Mile Creek, Va. 
 
 JULY. 
 
 1-31. Engagements in front of Peters 
 burg, Va. 
 
 2. Engagement at Fort Johnson, 
 James Island, S. C. 
 
 2-5. Engagements of the Army of the 
 Cumberland and the Army of the Ten 
 nessee at Nickajack Creek, Ga., Generals 
 Geo. H. Thomas and McPherson com 
 manding the Union forces, and General 
 Jos. E. Johnston the Confederates. 
 
 3. Engagement at Hammack s Mills, 
 North River, W. Va. 
 
 4. Engagement at Point Rocks, Md. 
 4-5. Engagement at Coleman s planta 
 tion, near Port Gibson, Miss. 
 
 4-7. Attacks on Bolivar and Maryland 
 Heights, Ya. 
 
 5. Invasion of Maryland, and occupa 
 tion of Hagerstown, by Confederate 
 forces under General Early. 
 
 6-10. Engagements of the armies of 
 the Ohio, Tennessee, and Cumberland, at 
 Chattahoochee River, Ga. 
 
 6. Action at Hagar s Mountain and 
 Middleton, Md. 
 
 7. Engagement at Clinton, Miss. 
 
 . Engagement at Canton Road, Miss. 
 
 . Action at Soloman s Gap, Freder 
 ick City, Md. 
 
 9. Battle of Monocacj^, Md.; General 
 Lewis Wallace commanding the L nion 
 forces, and General Jubal Early the Con 
 federates. 
 
 11. Occupation of Pontotoc, Miss., by 
 Union forces. 
 
 12. Confederate General Early attacks 
 Fort Stevens, Washington city, D. C. 
 
 . Engagement at Lee s Mills, near 
 Reams Station, Va. 
 
 13-15. Battles at Tupelo, Miss. (In 
 cludes actions at Harrisburg and Old 
 Town Creek, Miss.) 
 
 17. Engagement at Snicker s Gap, Ya. 
 
 . General Hood assigned to the com 
 mand of the Confederate armies in Ten 
 nessee by order of the Confederate 
 authorities, relieving General Jos. E. 
 Johnston. 
 
576 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 1 8. President Lincoln calls for 500,000 
 additional volunteers. 
 
 19. Engagement at Darksville, Va. 
 
 20. Battle of General AverelPs Cavalry 
 Division, Army of West Virginia, with 
 the Confederate forces of General Early at 
 Winchester, Va. 
 
 . Battle of the Army of the Cumber 
 land, General Sherman commanding, 
 with Confederate troops under General 
 Hood, at Peach Tree Creek, Ga. 
 
 21. Engagement at Deep Bottom, Va.; 
 ist Division, loth Corps, Army of the 
 James. 
 
 22. Battle at Atlanta, Ga.; Hood s first 
 sortie. 
 
 23. Engagement at Kernstown, Va. 
 
 24. Battle of Winchester, Va. 
 
 25. Engagement at Wallace s Ferry, 
 Big Creek, Ark. 
 
 26-31. General Stoneman s raid with 
 the cavalry of the Army of the Cumber 
 land, to Macon, Ga. 
 
 26-31. General McCook s cavalry raid 
 to Lovejoy Station, Ga., and destruction 
 of railway. 
 
 27-28. Engagements of cavalry of the 
 Army of the Potomac and Army of the 
 James, under General Sheridan, at Deep 
 Bottom, New Market, and Malvern Hill, 
 Va. 
 
 28. Indian fight at Tah-kah-o-kuty, 
 Dak. 
 
 . Action of a portion of the igth 
 Army Corps near the Atchafalaya River, 
 La. 
 
 . Battle at Ezra Chapel, Atlanta, Ga. 
 Hood s second sortie. 
 
 . McCook s raid to Campbelltown, Ga. 
 
 . Stoneman s raid to Flatshoals, Ga. 
 
 28 to September 2. Siege of Atlanta, Ga. 
 
 29. Engagement of Pennsylvania cav 
 alry regiments at Clear Springs, Md. 
 
 30. Mine explosion at Petersbvirg, Va., 
 and repulse of assault of Union troops. 
 
 . Chambersburg, Pa., sacked and 
 burned by Confederate troops. 
 
 AUGUST. 
 
 1-31. Fights near the trenches before 
 Petersburg, Va. 
 
 1. Engagement of General Kelly s 
 command at Cumberland, Md. 
 
 2. Engagement at Osceola, Ark. 
 
 5. Naval engagement in Mobile Bay, 
 Ala. U. S. fleet, Admiral Farragut com 
 manding, engages Forts Gaines and Mor 
 gan, captures in action the Confederate 
 ironclad Tennessee and the other vessels 
 of Confederate Admiral Buchanan s com 
 mand. 
 
 5-6. Engagements of the armies of the 
 Cumberland, Tennessee, and Ohio, at 
 Utoy Creek, Ga. 
 
 5. Engagement of cavalry, Army of 
 the Cumberland, at Decatur, Ga. 
 
 6. Action at Plaquemine, La. 
 
 8. Surrender of Fort Gaines, Mobile 
 Bay, Ala. 
 
 . Engagement with Indians at Two 
 Hills, Bad Lands, Little Missouri River, 
 Dak. 
 
 12. Engagement of the i6th Army 
 Corps at Abbeville and Oxford, Miss. 
 
 1 4. Engagement of cavalry of the Army 
 of the Potomac at Gravel Hill, Ga. 
 
 14-18. Battles at Strawberry Plains, 
 Deep Bottom Run, Va. 
 
 15. Engagement at Fisher s Hill, near 
 Strasburg, Va. 
 
 1 6. Cavalry engagement at Crooked 
 Run, near Front Royal, Va. 
 
 17. Occupation, by Confederate forces, 
 of Winchester, Va. 
 
 1 8. 19, and 20. Engagements at Six 
 Mile House, Weldon Railroad, Va., be 
 tween Union troops, under General 
 Warren, and Confederate forces com 
 manded by General George E. Pickett. 
 
 18. Engagement at Fairburn, Ga. 
 cavalry of the Army of the Cumberland. 
 
 . Cavalry and artillery fight at De 
 catur, Ala. 
 
 18-22. Kilpatrick s raid on the Atlanta 
 Railroad, Ga. 
 
IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 577 
 
 21. Engagements at Summit Point, 
 Va., including Berry ville and Flowing 
 Springs. 
 
 . Forrest s Confederate cavalry make 
 a raid on Memphis, Tenn. 
 
 21-22. Engagement at College Hill, 
 Miss. 
 
 23. Bombardment of Fort Morgan, 
 Mobile Bay, Ala., b}^ U. S. naval forces. 
 
 . Engagement at Abbeville, Miss. 
 
 24. Engagement at Halltown, Va. 
 portion of Sth Corps, Army of the 
 Shenandoah. 
 
 24-25. Engagement at Bermuda Hun 
 dred, Va. 
 
 25. Engagements at Smithfield and 
 Shepherdstown, Va., cavalry of the Army 
 of the Potomac. 
 
 -. Engagement at Reams Station, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Conee Creek, Clin 
 ton, La. , cavalry of the Army of the Gulf. 
 
 . Indian fight at Sacramento Moun 
 tain, X. M., New Mexico cavalry. 
 
 26-27. Engagement at Halltown, Va., 
 Sth Corps, Army of West Virginia. 
 
 27-28. Engagement at Holly Springs, 
 Miss. 
 
 29-30. Engagements at Arthur s 
 Swamp, Va., cavalry of the Army of the 
 Potomac. 
 
 31 to September i. Battle of Jonesboro, 
 Ga. , between the Union forces under 
 General Sherman and the Confederates 
 under General Hood. 
 
 SEPTEMBER. 
 
 2. Occupation of Atlanta, Ga., by 
 General Sherman s army. 
 
 2-6. Engagement of the 4th Corps 
 and 23d Corps at Lovejoy Station, Ga. 
 
 2. Cavalry affair near Big Shanty, Ga. 
 
 3-4. Engagements at Berry ville, Va., 
 cavalry of the Army of the Potomac, Sth 
 and i Qth Army Corps. 
 
 4. Cavalry engagement at Dranesville, 
 Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Greenville, Tenn.; 
 death of General Morgan, the Confederate 
 commander. 
 2M 
 
 io. Capture of Fort Hell, Jerusalem 
 Plank Road, Va. 
 
 17. Engagement at Sycamore Church, 
 Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Fairfax Station, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Belcher s Mills, 
 between General Kautz s cavalry of the 
 Army of the James, General Gregg s 
 cavalry, Army of the Potomac, and Gen 
 eral Wade Hampton s Confederatecavalry . 
 
 1 8. Engagement at Martinsburg, Va., 
 cavalry of the Army of West Virginia. 
 
 19. Battle of Opequon, Winchester, 
 Va., General Sheridan commanding the 
 Union army and General Early the Con 
 federate. 
 
 . Engagement at Cabin Creek, Indian 
 
 21. Engagement at Front Royal Pike, 
 Va., cavalry of the Army of the Potomac. 
 
 22. Battle of Fisher s Hill, Va., be 
 tween the army of General Sheridan and 
 that of General Early. 
 
 23. Confederate forces under General 
 Forrest attack the Union garrison at 
 Athens, Ala. 
 
 24. Engagement at Luray, Va., Gen 
 eral Torbert s cavalry division, Army of 
 the Potomac. 
 
 . Engagement at Bull s Gap, Tenn. 
 24-28. Confederate General Price s in 
 vasion of Missouri. 
 
 25. Capture, b3" General Forrest, of 
 Union garrison at Sulphur Branch, 
 Trestle, Ala. 
 
 26. Attack on Union cavalry at Brown s 
 Gap, Va. 
 
 27. Engagement at Weyer s Cave, Va. 
 cavalry division, Army of West Virginia. 
 
 . Cavalry action at Pulaski, Tenn.; 
 General Rosseau commanding the Union 
 troops, and General Forrest the Confed 
 erate. 
 
 . Engagement at Carter s Station, 
 Watauga River, Tenn. 
 
 . Fight with Indians at Fort Rice, 
 Dak. 
 
 28-30. Engagements at New Market 
 Heights, Va. (Chapin s Farm, Laurel 
 
578 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 Hill, forts Harrison and Gilmore), par 
 ticipated in by the loth and iSth Corps 
 and cavalry of the Army of the James, 
 tinder command of General Ord. 
 
 28. Engagement at Fort Sedgwick, 
 Jerusalem Plank Road, Va. ; 3d Division, 
 9th Corps. 
 
 30 to October i. Engagement at Pre- 
 ble s Farm, Poplar Springs Church, Va., 
 ist Division, 5th Corps, and 2d Division, 
 9th Corps, General Warren commanding. 
 
 30 to October i. Engagements at Ar 
 thur s Swamp, 2d Cavalry Division of 
 the Arm}- of the Potomac. 
 
 OCTOBER, 
 i. Engagement at Clinch Mountain, 
 
 . Engagement at Franklin, Mo. 
 . Engagement at Laurel Gap, Kj r . 
 
 1-5. Engagements at Yellow Tavern, 
 Weldon Railroad, Va., 3d Division, 2d 
 Corps, Army of the Potomac. 
 
 1-3. Engagements at Sweet Water, 
 Noses, and Powder Spring creeks, Gen 
 eral Kilpatrick s cavalry, Army of the 
 Cumberland. 
 
 2. Cavalrv engagement at Waynes- 
 boro, Va. 
 
 . Engagement at Saltville, Va., cav 
 alry and mounted infantry under com 
 mand of General Burbridge. 
 
 5. Engagement at Jackson, La. 
 
 . Attack by Confederate forces on 
 garrison at Allatoona, Ga., General Corse 
 commanding. 
 
 6. Engagement at Florence, Ala. 
 
 . Price s invasion of Missouri. En 
 gagement at Price s Place, Osage River, 
 Cole County, Mo. 
 
 7. Engagement at New Market, Va., 
 3d Cavalry Division of the Army of the 
 Potomac. 
 
 . Engagement at Darbytown Road, 
 near New Market Heights, Va. loth 
 Corps and cavalry of the Army of the 
 James. 
 
 7. Price s invasion of Missouri. En 
 gagement at Moreau Bottom, near Jeffer 
 son City, Mo. 
 
 9. Cavalry engagements between Gen 
 eral Sheridan s command and that of 
 Confederate General Rosser, at Tom s 
 Brook, Strasburg, and Woodstock, Va. 
 (Fisher s Hill). 
 
 9-11. Price s invasion of Missouri en 
 gagements at Boonsville and California, 
 Mo. 
 
 ii. Engagement at Narrows, Ga., Gar- 
 rard s cavalry division, Army of the 
 Cumberland. 
 
 13. Engagement at Strasburg, Va., 
 1 9th Corps and Army of West Virginia. 
 
 14. Engagement at Darbytown Road, 
 Va. -loth Corps and cavalry, Army of 
 the James, General Terry commanding. 
 
 15. Price s invasion of Missouri Cap 
 ture of Glasgow, Mo., and its garrison of 
 Union troops. 
 
 18. Engagement at Pierce s Point, 
 Blackwater, Fla. 
 
 19. Occupation by Price s Confederate 
 forces of Lexington, Mo. 
 
 . Battle at Cedar Creek (Middletown), 
 Va., between the Union forces under 
 General Sheridan and the Confederate 
 Army of General Early. 
 
 20. Engagement at Little River, Tenn. 
 
 21. Engagement at Little Blue, Mo., of 
 the command of General Curtis and that 
 of the Confederate General Price. 
 
 22. Engagement at Independence, Mo., 
 General Pleasanton commanding Union 
 forces. 
 
 23. Engagement at Hurricane Creek, 
 Miss. 
 
 . Engagements at Westport, Mo. 
 
 24. Cavalry action at Cold Water Grove, 
 Osage, Mo. 
 
 26-29. Attack by Confederate forces 
 under General Hood on Union garrison at 
 Decatur, Ala. 
 
 26. Battle at Mine Creek, Mo., Maria 
 des Cygnes, and Little Osage River, 
 Kas.; Union forces commanded by Gen 
 eral Pleasanton. Pursuit of Price s forces. 
 
1864} 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 579 
 
 27. Engagement at Hatcher s Run, 
 Southside Railroad, Ya., Army of the 
 Potomac. 
 
 27-28. Battle at Fair Oaks, Ya., near 
 Richmond, Army of the James. 
 
 28-30. Engagement at Xewtonia, Mo. ; 
 pursuit of Price s forces, Army of the 
 Border. 
 
 28. Engagement of Union gunboats 
 with Fort Haiman, Tenn. 
 
 . Destruction of Confederate ironclad 
 Albemarle by steam-launch with torpedo, 
 under command of Lieutenant Win. B. 
 Gushing, U. S. Xavy. 
 
 29. Cavalry engagement at Morristown, 
 Tenn. 
 
 30. Engagement at Mussel Shoals, Rac 
 coon Ford, Ala., cavalry, Arm}- of the 
 Cumberland. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement at Ladiga, 
 Terrapin Creek, Ala. 
 
 31. Action at Plymouth, X. C. en 
 gagement of U. S. gunboats with Con 
 federate batteries. 
 
 XOYEMBER. 
 
 i. Engagement at Black River, La., 
 U. S. colored cavalry. 
 
 4. Engagement atjohnsonville, Tenn. 
 
 5. Engagement at Big Pigeon, Tenn. 
 . Engagement of the 2d Army Corps 
 
 at Fort Sedgwick, Ya. 
 
 8. Engagement at Atlanta, Ga., 2d 
 Division, 2oth Army Corps. 
 
 9. Cavalry engagement of Army of 
 the Cumberland at Shoal Creek, Ala. 
 
 12. Cavalry engagements at Xewtown, 
 Ninevah, and Cedar Springs, Ya. 
 
 13. Cavalry and artillery engagement 
 at Bull s Gap, Morristown, Tenn., Gen 
 eral Gillem commanding Union forces, 
 General Breckenridge the Confederates. 
 
 14-28. Engagements at Cow Creek, 
 Ark. 
 
 1 6. Engagement at Lovejoy Station, 
 Ga., cavalry, Army of the Cumberland. 
 
 , Cavalry engagement at Bear Creek 
 Station, Ga. 
 
 19. Engagement at Bayou La Fouche, 
 La. 
 
 20. Engagement at Macon, Ga. 
 
 21. Cavalry and artillen- action at Lib 
 erty and Jackson, La. 
 
 . Engagement and occupation of 
 Gordon, Ga., by Union troops under Gen 
 eral Howard. 
 
 22. Engagement at Griswoldville, Ga. 
 . Cavalry fight at Rood s Hill, Ya., 
 
 between the forces of Generals Custer and 
 Rosser. 
 
 24. Engagements at Campbellville and 
 Lynnville, Tenn. 
 
 24-28. Engagements and occupation by 
 Confederate forces under General Hood of 
 Columbia, Tenn. 
 
 25. Fight at Pawnee s Fork, Kansas, 
 Colorado cavalry. 
 
 . Fight of Xew Mexico cavalry at 
 St. Yrain s Old Fort, X. M. 
 
 26. Engagement and occupation by 
 Union forces under General Slocum of 
 Sanders ville, Ga. 
 
 27. Engagement at Big Black River 
 Bridge, Mississippi Central Railroad. 
 
 27-29. Cavalry engagements at 
 Waynesboro, Thomas Station, and Buck 
 Head Creek, Ga. 
 
 28. Surprise and capture of Fort Kelly, 
 Xew Creek, \V. Ya., by Confederate forces 
 under General Rosser. 
 
 . Attack and capture, by Confeder 
 ates, of Shelbyville, Tenn. 
 
 . Bombardment, by Confederate bat 
 teries, of Fort Brady and Dutch Gap, Ya. 
 
 29. Attack on Union forces at Spring 
 Hill, Tenn. 
 
 . Fight of Colorado cavalry with 
 Indians at Big Sandy, Col. 
 
 30. Battle at Franklin, Tenn., between 
 the Union forces under General Schofield 
 and the Confederate army of General 
 Hood. 
 
 . Battle at Honey Hill, Broad River, 
 S. C., between the Union forces under 
 General Foster and the Confederates, 
 General Gustavus W, Smith. 
 
580 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. 
 
 ^864-5 
 
 DECEMBER. 
 
 i. Cavalry fight at Stoney Creek Sta 
 tion and Duvall s Mills, Weldon Rail 
 road, Va. , 
 
 . Engagement at Yazoo, Miss, 
 
 1-14. Actions in front of Nashville, 
 Tenn., between Union forces under Gen 
 eral Geo. H. Thomas and Confederates, 
 General Hood commanding. 
 
 . Engagement at Miller Grove, Ga. 
 
 3. Engagement at Thomas Station, Ga. 
 
 4. Fight at Coosa River, S. C. 
 
 . Engagement at Overall s Creek, 
 Tenn. 
 
 . Cavalry fight at Waynesboro and 
 Brier Creek, Ga., between the forces of 
 generals Kilpatrick and Wheeler. 
 
 6-9, Engagement at Deveaux Neck, 
 S. C. (Tillafinney River, Mason s Ridge, 
 and Gregory s Farm). 
 
 7. Engagement at Murfreesboro, 
 Tenn., General Milroy commanding Union 
 forces. 
 
 . Engagement at Ebenezer Creek, 
 Cypress Swamp, Ga. 
 
 7-11. Weldon Railroad expedition, 
 General Warren commanding Union 
 forces. 
 
 8-9. Reconnoissance to Hatcher s Run, 
 Va. 
 
 8-28. Cavalry raid to Gordonsville, 
 Va. 
 
 9. Attack of Colorado cavalry, Colonel 
 Chivington commanding, on Indians at 
 Sand Creek, near Fort Lyons, Indian Ty. 
 
 . Engagement at Cuyler s Planta 
 tion, Monteith Swamp, Va. 
 
 10. Action at Hatcher s Run, Va. 
 
 12-21. Stoneman s raid from Bean Sta 
 tion, Tenn., to Saltville, Ga. 
 
 13. Assault and capture of Fort Mc 
 Allister, Ga., by 2d Division, i5th Corps, 
 Sherman s arm y, and under command of 
 General Haven. 
 
 14. Engagement at Bristol, Tenn. 
 
 15-16. Battle at Nashville, Tenn., Gen 
 eral Geo. H. Thomas commanding Union 
 forces, and General Hood the Con 
 federates. 
 
 1 6. Cavalry engagement at Hopkins- 
 ville, Ky. 
 
 17. Engagement at Hollow Tree Gap, 
 Tenn., cavalry of General Thomas army. 
 
 . Engagement at Franklin, Tenn., 
 division, of cavalry tinder command of 
 General Hatch. 
 
 18. Engagement at Franklin s Creek, 
 Miss. 
 
 19. President Lincoln calls for 300,000 
 additional troops. 
 
 21. Occupation of Savannah, Ga., by 
 General Sherman s army. 
 
 23. Engagement of cavalry near Gor 
 donsville, Va. 
 
 23-25. Unsuccessful attack on Fort 
 Fisher, N. C., by North Atlantic squad 
 ron under Admiral Porter, and Army of 
 the James tinder General Butler, Con 
 federate forces commanded by General 
 Whiting. 
 
 25. Cavalry actions at Pulaski, Lamb s 
 Ferry, Anthony s Hill, and Sugar Creek, 
 Tenn. 
 
 27. Engagement at Decatur, Ala., Gen 
 eral Steadman commanding Union forces. 
 
 28. Engagement at Egypt Station, 
 Miss. 
 
 29. Engagement at Pond Springs, Ala. 
 
 JANUARY, 1865. 
 
 i. Wreck of U. S. steamer San Jacinto 
 on Bahama Banks. 
 
 3. Action at Thorn Hill, Ala. 
 7. Fight of Iowa Cavalry with Ind 
 ians at Julesburg, Col. 
 
 13-15. Bombardment and surrender of 
 Fort Fisher, N. C., General Terry com 
 manding Union forces, and Admiral Por 
 ter the U. S. fleet. 
 
 14-16. Engagement at Pocotaligo, S. C., 
 1 7th Army Corps. 
 
 14. Cavalry engagement at Dardanelles, 
 Ark. 
 
 17. Sinking of monitor Potapsco off 
 Charleston, S. C., by a torpedo. 
 
 19. Engagement at Half Moon Battery, 
 Sugar Loaf Hill, N. C. 
 
IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIl IL WAR. 
 
 581 
 
 30. Engagement at White Point, S. C., 
 Union troops commanded by General 
 Howard. 
 
 31. Constitutional amendment abolish 
 ing slavery passed Congress. 
 
 FEBRUARY. 
 
 3. Engagement of General Sherman s 
 
 army at River s Bridge, Salkatchie, S. C. 
 
 5-7. Engagement of Arni} r of the 
 
 Potomac at Dabney s Mills, Hatcher s 
 
 Run, Ya. 
 
 9. Engagement of iyth Army Corps 
 at Binnaker s Bridge, South Edisto River, 
 S. C. 
 
 1 1 . Cavalry engagement at Blackville, 
 S. C. 
 
 . Engagement at Sugar Loaf Battery, 
 Federal Point, N. C. 
 
 . Engagement at Aiken, S. C. 
 
 15. Engagement at Congaree River, 
 S. C., Army of the Tennessee. 
 
 16-17. Occupation of Columbia, S. C., 
 by General Sherman s army. 
 
 17-19. Capture of Fort Anderson, X. C. 
 
 18. Occupation of Charleston, S. C., 
 by Union forces. 
 
 19. Surrender by Confederate forces of 
 forts Suinter and Moultrie and Castle 
 Pinckney, Charleston harbor, S. C. 
 
 20. Engagement at Town Creek, N. C. 
 
 21. Raid of Confederate cavalry into 
 Cumberland, Md., and capture of Union 
 generals Crook and Kelly. 
 
 22. Capture of Wilmington, N. C., by 
 naval forces under Admiral Porter, and 
 Union forces under General Schofield. 
 
 26. Engagement at Lynch Creek, S. C. , 
 1 5th Army Corps. 
 
 27. to March 25. Raid of Sheridan s 
 Cavalry Corps in Yirginia. 
 
 29. Cavalry engagement at Mount 
 Crawford, Ya. 
 
 MARCH. 
 
 1. Occupation of Staunton, Ya., by 
 Union cavalry. 
 
 2. Cavalry engagement at Clinton, 
 La. 
 
 3. Cavalrv action at Waynesboro, Ya. 
 
 6. Engagement at Natural Bridge, 
 Fla. 
 
 7. Cavalry fight at Rockingham, X. C. 
 8-10. Engagements at Wilcox s Bridge, 
 
 Wise s Fork, S. C. 
 
 10. Engagement at Monroe s Cross 
 Roads, Kinston, X. C. 
 
 . Engagement of Kilpatrick s cav 
 alry at Fayetteville, X. C. 
 
 11. Battle at Kinston, X. C. 
 
 13. Engagement of the i4th and i7th 
 Arm}- Corps at Silver Run, Fayetteville, 
 X. C. 
 
 15. Engagement at Taylor s Hole Creek, 
 Kilpatrick s cavalry. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement at South Anna 
 River, Ya. 
 
 1 6. Battle at Averysboro, X. C., Union 
 forces commanded by General Sherman, 
 and Confederates by General Hardee. 
 
 19-21. Battle at Bentonsville, X. C., 
 between General Sherman s arm}- and 
 that of General Jos. E. Johnston. 
 
 20. to April 6. Stoneman s cavalry raid 
 into southwestern Yirginia and Xorth 
 Carolina. 
 
 22. Wilson s cavalry raid from Chicka- 
 saw, Ala., to Macon, Ga. 
 
 24. Engagement at Rerock, Arizona, 
 Xew Mexico Cavalry. 
 
 25. Capture by Confederate forces, and 
 recapture by Union troops, of Fort Stead- 
 man, Ya. 
 
 25-27. Battles at Petersburg, Va. 
 
 25. Cavalry engagement at Pine Barren 
 Creek, Ala. ; forces of General Steele. 
 
 26. to April 9. Siege and occupation of 
 Mobile, Ala., by Union forces under Gen 
 eral Canby. 
 
 26. to April 8. vSiege of Spanish Fort 
 and Fort Blakely, Ala. 
 
 29. Battle at Quaker Road, Gravelly 
 Run, Ya., General Sheridan commanding. 
 
 . Cavalry engagement near Dinwid- 
 die, Ya. 
 
 3 1 . Engagements at Boydton and White 
 Oak Roads. 
 
582 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIl IL WAR. 
 
 \_i86 5 
 
 31. Cavalry corps engagement at Din- 
 widdie Court-house, Va. 
 
 . Wilson s raid, Montavallo and Six 
 Mile Creek, Ala. 
 
 APRIL. 
 
 1. Battle of Five Forks, Va. Union 
 forces commanded by generals Sheridan 
 and Warren, Confederates by General Lee. 
 
 . Stoneman s raid, Boone, X. C. 
 -^-. Cavalry engagement at Trion,, Ala. 
 . Engagement at Bogler s Creek and 
 Plantersville, Ala. 
 
 2. Capture of Selma, Ala. 
 
 -. Assault and fall of Petersburg, Va., 
 General Grant commanding Union army, 
 and General Lee the Confederate. 
 
 3. Engagement at Namozin Church 
 and Willicomack, Va. 
 
 . Evacuation of Richmond, Va., by 
 Confederate forces, and its occupation by 
 Union troops under command of Gene ral 
 Weitzel. 
 
 . Stoneman s raid capture ofSalem, 
 N. C. 
 
 6. Battle at Sailors Creek, Va. 
 
 . Engagement of 24th Corps at High 
 Bridge, Appomattox River, Va. 
 
 7. Battle at Farmville, Va., General 
 Ord commanding the Union forces. 
 
 8-9. Engagement at Appomattox 
 Court House, Va. 
 
 9. Surrender of the Army of Northern 
 Virginia (Confederate), commanded by 
 General Robert E. Lee, to the armies of 
 the Potomac and the James, commanded 
 by General U. S. Grant. 
 
 . Assault and capture of Fort Blakely, 
 Ala. 
 
 10. Engagement at Sumterville, S. C. 
 
 . Engagement at Neuse River, N. C. 
 
 . Advance of Sherman s army, 
 
 . Engagement at Lowndesville, Ala. 
 
 12-13. Wilson s raid capture of Mont 
 gomery, Ala. 
 
 12. Engagement and capture of Salis 
 bury, N. C. (Stoneman s raid). 
 
 13. Engagement at Whistler s Station, 
 Ala. 
 
 . General Jos. E.Johnston surrenders 
 his forces to General Sherman, under 
 certain stipulated terms. 
 
 14. President Lincoln assassinated at 
 Washington city. 
 
 1 8. Engagement at Boykins Mills, S. C. 
 
 19. Engagement at Swift Creek, S. C. 
 
 21. Rejection by President Johnson of 
 Sherman s "basis of agreement" with 
 General Jos. E. Johnston. 
 
 22. Engagement at Mumford s Station, 
 Blue Mount, Ala. 
 
 . Engagement at Suwano Gap, N.C. 
 
 26. The final surrender of General Jos. 
 
 E. Johnston, near Durham Station, N. C. 
 
 MAY. 
 
 4. Surrender of General Richard Tay 
 lor and his Confederate command to 
 General Canby at Citronelle, Ala. 
 
 . Surrender of Confederate naval 
 forces, under Commodore Farrand, to 
 Admiral Thatcher, U. S. Navy, at Citro 
 nelle, Ala. 
 
 9. Peace proclamation issued by 
 President Johnson. 
 
 10. Capture of Jefferson Davis at Ir- 
 winsville, Ga., by ist Wisconsin and 4th 
 Michigan Cavalry, Lieutenant-Colonel 
 Pritchard commanding. 
 
 . Surrender of Confederate General 
 Sam Jones at Tallahassee, Fla. 
 
 . Surrender of Confederate General 
 Jefferson Thompson at Chalk Bluff. 
 
 13. Engagement at Palmetto Ranch, 
 Tex., between Texas cavalry under Con 
 federate General Slaughter, and 34th 
 Indiana Volunteers and 62d U. S. Colored 
 Troops, Colonel Barrett commanding. 
 This was the last engagement of the war. 
 
 26. The disbandment of Confederate 
 forces completed by the formal surrender 
 of General Kirby Smith and his entire 
 command in Western Louisiana and 
 Texas. 
 
OFFICIAL STATEMENT 
 
 OF 
 
 NUMBER OF MEX CALLED FOR BY THE PRESIDENT 
 OF THE UNIT!- 1) STATES, 
 
 NUMBER FURNISHED BY EACH STATE, TERRITORY, AND 
 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, FROM APRIL 15, i 8 
 TO CLOSE OF WAR OF THE REBELLION. 
 
 583 
 
584 
 
 NUMBER OF MEN CALLED FOR 
 
 STATEMENT OF NUMBER OF MEN CALLED FOR BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE 
 
 AND THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, FROM APRIL 
 
 STATES 
 
 AND 
 
 TERRITORIES. 
 
 Call of April 15, 
 1861, for 75,000 
 militia for three 
 months. 
 
 Call of May 3, 1861 (confirmed by act approved 
 August 6, 1861), and under acts approved July 
 22 and 25, 1861, for 500,000 men. 
 
 .2 
 
 o 
 3 
 
 O) 
 
 Men 
 furnished. 
 
 oj 
 
 "o 
 
 5 
 
 a 
 
 Men furnished for 
 
 "s 
 
 
 
 fH 
 
 6 mos. 
 
 i year. 
 
 2 years. 3 years. 
 
 Maine 
 
 780 
 780 
 780 
 1,560 
 780 
 780 
 13,280 
 3,123 
 12,500 
 780 
 3,123 
 2,34 
 
 10,153 
 4-683 
 4,683 
 780 
 780 
 780 
 780 
 3,123 
 3,123 
 
 7"i 
 779 
 782 
 3,736 
 3, 147 
 2,402 
 13,906 
 3,123 
 20,175 
 775 
 
 goo 
 4,720 
 
 12,357 
 4,686 
 4,820 
 . 78i 
 817 
 930 
 968 
 io,59i 
 
 650 
 
 17,560 
 9,234 
 8,950 
 
 34,868 
 4,955 
 13,057 
 109,056 
 19,152 
 82,825 
 3,H5 
 15,578 
 8,497 
 1,627 
 
 67,365 
 38,832 
 47,785 
 2i,357 
 2i,753 
 4,899 
 I9,3i6 
 3i,544 
 27,237 
 3,235 
 
 
 
 
 18,104 
 
 8,338 
 9,508 
 32,177 
 6,286 
 10,865 
 89,281 
 
 ",523 
 85,160 
 1,826 
 
 9,355 
 12,757 
 i,795 
 83.253 
 59,643 
 81,952 
 23.546 
 25,499 
 5,770 
 21,987 
 22,324 
 29,966 
 6,953 
 
 18,104 
 
 8,338 
 9,508 
 
 32,177 
 6,286 
 10,865 
 
 120,231 
 
 11,523 
 85,160 
 1,826 
 
 9,355 
 12,757 
 i,795 
 84,116 
 
 6i,34i 
 8i,952 
 23,546 
 25,499 
 6,937 
 21,987 
 25,238 
 35,095 
 6,953 
 
 New Hampshire .... 
 Vermont 
 
 
 
 
 Massachusetts 
 
 
 
 
 Rhode Island 
 
 Connecticut . . . 
 
 . . . 
 
 
 30,950 
 
 New York 
 
 New Jersey 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 
 
 
 
 Maryland 
 West Virginia 
 District of Columbia . . 
 Ohio. ... 
 
 
 
 . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 863 
 1,698 
 
 : : : 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Illinois . ... 
 
 
 Wisconsin 
 
 2,/i5 
 
 1,167 
 
 199 ... 
 5,129 - 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Iowa. . . 
 
 Missouri 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Kansas 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 1,560 
 780 
 1,560 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 North Carolina .... 
 California 
 
 
 
 
 : : : : : : 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Oregon 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Washington Ter 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nebraska Ter 
 
 
 
 9i 
 
 
 9i 
 
 Colorado Ter 
 
 
 
 
 Dakota Ter 
 
 
 
 
 
 New Mexico Ter 
 
 
 
 
 
 Alabama 
 
 
 
 
 
 Florida 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 
 
 
 
 Texas 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Indian Nation 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Colored Troops")" 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total . . 
 
 
 
 
 73,39i 
 
 91,816 
 
 611,827 2,715 9,147 30,950 
 
 657,868 700,680 
 
 
 * Furnished in November, 
 
 f Colored Troops organized at various stations in the States 
 
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE U. S. 
 
 UNITED STATES, AND NUMBER FURNISHED BY EACH STATE, TERRITORY, 
 15, 1 86 1, TO CLOSE OF WAR OF THE REBELLION. 
 
 Men furnished in May 
 and June, 1862, by 
 special authority, 
 for three months. 
 
 Call of July 2, 1862, 
 for 300,000 men for 
 three years. 
 
 Call of August 4, 1862, 
 for 300,000 militia 
 for nine months. 
 
 Men furnished under 
 President s procla 
 mation of June 15, 
 1863, for militia for 
 six months. 
 
 No quotas. 
 
 Men 
 
 Quota. 
 
 Men 
 
 furnished. 
 
 No quotas. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Q 6OQ 
 
 6 644 9 609 7 620 
 
 
 
 5,053 
 
 6 390 5 053 I ,7 $6 
 
 
 
 4 808 
 
 4 T.6Q 4 808 4 78l 
 
 
 
 19,080 
 
 16 519 19 080 16,685 
 
 103 
 
 
 2 712 
 
 2 742 2 712 2 O59 
 
 
 
 7> I 45 
 
 9 J 95 7 145 5,6o 2 
 
 
 8 588 
 
 v> 70 =; 
 
 78 QO4. SQ 70S I,78l 
 
 
 
 IO -178 
 
 S 4.QQ IO d.78 IO 787 
 
 
 
 45,321 
 
 30,891 45, 321 32,215 
 
 3,708 
 
 
 I 720 
 
 2 ^08 I 72O I 7QQ 
 
 
 
 8,532 
 
 3,586 8,532 
 
 I,6l5 
 
 
 4,650 
 
 4,925 4,65O .... 
 
 1,148 
 
 
 890 
 
 I 1 67 890 
 
 
 
 36,858 
 
 58*325 36 858 .... 
 
 2,736 
 
 !,723 
 A 606 
 
 21,250 
 
 3, 359 21,250 : 337 
 58 689 26 148 
 
 3./67 
 
 
 ii 686 
 
 17 656 ii 686 
 
 
 
 1 1 QO_t 
 
 14 472 1 1 904 958 
 
 
 
 2 681 
 
 4 626 2 681 
 
 
 
 10 570 
 
 24 438 ! 10 570 . . 
 
 
 
 17,269 
 
 28,324 17,269 .... 
 
 Va&J 
 
 
 T A QO^ 
 
 6 463 14 905 .... 
 
 
 
 I 771 
 
 2 Q^6 I 771 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 I 838 I 228 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 15,007 
 
 334,835 
 
 421,465 334,835 8/,588 
 
 16,361 
 
 in rebellion, embracing all not specifically credited to States, and which cannot be so assigned. 
 
586 
 
 NUMBER OF MEN CALLED FOR 
 
 STATEMENT OF NUMBER OF MEN CALLED FOR BY THE 
 
 STATES 
 
 TERRITORIES. 
 
 Calls of October 17, 1863 (which em 
 braces men raised by draft of 1863), 
 and February i, 1864, for 500,000 
 men for three years. 
 
 Call of March 14, 1864, for 
 200,000 men for three years. 
 
 
 2 ^ 
 C! ,2 
 
 a 
 
 rt 
 
 o 
 
 *-> ~ _ _S 
 
 3 ^ 3 "3 3 
 
 Maine 
 
 11,803 n,958 
 6,469 6,406 
 5,751 6,726 
 26,597 I 7,7 11 
 3,469 3,223 
 7,919 10,326 
 8i,993 59.839 
 16,759 9,i87 
 64,979 36,723 
 2,463 , 2,138 
 10,794 6,244 
 5,127 - 3,988 
 .4,256 4,570 
 51,465 32,809 
 32,521 23,023 
 46,309 28,818 
 !9,553 17,686 
 19,852 10,389 
 5,451 3,054 
 16,097 8,292 
 9,813 3,823 
 14,471 4,785 
 3,523 5,374 
 
 1,986 
 
 1,885 
 3,703 
 463 
 1,513 
 15,912 
 
 17,672 
 
 435 
 1,106 
 
 3i8 
 
 1,644 
 5,080 
 
 13,944 
 
 6,977 
 8,611 
 21,414 
 
 3.686 
 ",839 
 75,751 
 9,i87 
 54,395 
 2,573 
 7,350 
 3,988 
 4,888 
 32,809 
 23,023 
 28,818 
 19,330 
 15,469 
 3,054 
 8,292 
 
 3,823 
 
 4,785 
 5,374 
 
 4,721 7,042 . .. . 7,042 
 
 2,588 2,844 121 2,965 
 
 2,300 1,601 89 1,690 
 
 10,639 !7,322 I,6l5 18,937 
 
 1,388 1,906 I ... 1,906 
 3,168 , 5,294 | . . . 5,291 
 32,794 ; 41,940 2,267 44,207 
 
 6,704 9,550 4,170 13,720 
 25,993 35,036 10,046 45,082 
 985 652 951 1,603 
 4,317 9,365 2,528 11,903 
 2,051 3,857 . 3,857 
 
 1,702 1,142 . . . 1,141 
 20,595 3i,i93 6,290 37,43 
 13,008 14,862 . . . 14,862 
 18,524 25,055 . . . 25,055 
 7,821 i 7,344 323 7,667 
 7,941 : 10,314 . . . 10,314 
 2,180 i 2,469 1,027 : 3,496 
 
 6,439 H-579 ! ",579 
 3,925 710,137 . . . 10,137 
 5,789 6,448 3,241 9,689 
 1,409 2,563 . . . 2,563 
 
 New Hampshire . . . 
 Vermont . . 
 
 Massachusetts 
 
 Rhode Island . . 
 
 Connecticut 
 
 New York . . 
 
 New Jersey 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Maryland 
 
 West Virginia 
 District of Columbia . . 
 Ohio . . . 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Illinois .... 
 
 Michigan 
 
 Wisconsin . . . 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Iowa .... 
 
 Missouri .... 
 
 Kentucky . 
 
 Kansas . . 
 
 Tennessee . 
 
 Arkansas . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 California 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Oregon 
 
 
 
 : 
 
 
 
 Washington Ter. . . . 
 Nebraska Ter . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Colorado Ter 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Dakota Ter 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 New Mexico Ter. . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Alabama 
 
 
 
 
 
 Florida . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 
 Texas 
 
 
 
 
 
 Indian Nation . 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 Colored Troops J . 
 
 
 
 Total . . . 
 
 
 
 467,434 317,092 
 
 52,288 
 
 369.380 
 
 186,981 259,515 
 
 32,678 292,193 
 
 
 * Furnished for three months. t Includes militia furnished for six months, 5,679; for nine 
 
 ized at various stations in the .States in rebellion, embracing all not specifically credited to States, 
 
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE U. S. 
 
 587 
 
 PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, ETC. CONTINUED. 
 
 Militia for one hun 
 dred days, mustered 
 into service between 
 April 23 and July 18, 
 
 Call of July 1 8, 1864, for 500,000 men (reduced by excess of 
 credits on previous calls). 
 
 Men 
 
 
 Men 
 
 furnished 
 
 for 
 
 
 
 Quota. furnished . Quota. 
 
 i year. 
 
 2 years. 
 
 3 years. 
 
 4 years. 
 
 Paid com 
 mutation. 
 
 
 .... 11,116 
 
 8,320 
 
 ii 
 
 2,590 
 
 i 
 
 ii 
 
 II ,53 
 
 *i6/ 4,648 
 
 1,921 
 
 25 
 
 4,027 
 
 
 
 5,973 
 
 .... 2,665 
 
 1,861 
 
 18 
 
 2,081 
 
 ii 
 
 
 3.97 1 
 
 4 ooo 6 809 21 965 
 
 ft . .. , i 
 
 108 
 
 24,641 
 
 
 
 31,739 
 
 
 1,223 
 
 196 
 
 891 
 
 
 
 2,310 
 
 5 58 "" 
 
 493 
 
 20 
 
 10,318 
 
 24 
 
 2 
 
 10,857 
 
 12,000 5,640 77,539 
 769 M,43 r 
 
 45,089 
 9,587 
 
 2,128 
 1,184 
 
 36,547 
 4,337 
 
 74 
 
 5 
 ii 
 
 83,843 
 
 12,000 7,675 49,993 
 2,184 
 
 44,489 
 i,558 
 
 433 
 9 
 
 10,416 
 593 
 
 198 
 
 171 
 
 55,707 
 2,175 
 
 1,297 IO ,947 
 
 6,198 
 
 246 
 
 3,727 
 
 64 
 
 3 1 
 
 10,266 
 
 
 1,726 
 
 28 
 
 202 
 
 
 
 1,956 
 
 2,386 
 
 979 
 
 59 
 
 937 
 
 343 
 
 19 
 
 2,337 
 
 30,000 36,254 27,001 
 20,000 7,197 25,662 
 
 20,000 H,328 21.997 
 .... 12,098 
 
 25,431 
 18,099 
 12,558 
 5,96o 
 
 748 
 597 
 535 
 
 57 
 
 4,644 
 7,158 
 2,323 
 6,492 
 
 
 176 
 690 
 49 
 
 30,999 
 26,544 
 15,465 
 12,532 
 
 5,000 2,134 17,590 
 .... 4,oi8 
 
 10,905 
 2,791 
 
 86 
 205 
 
 5,832 
 239 
 
 
 3 
 
 16,839 
 3,238 
 
 10,000 3,901 5,749 
 
 2^ ^60 
 
 3-995 
 
 7,782 
 
 60 
 1,295 
 
 1 68 
 
 
 67 
 
 4,290 
 23,507 
 
 . t . . . .... 9,871 
 
 5,060 
 
 169 
 
 10,137 
 
 
 24 
 
 15,39 
 
 
 
 
 3IQ 
 
 
 
 2Ci 
 
 44 1 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 113,000 83,612 357,152 
 
 223,044 
 
 8.340 
 
 153,049 
 
 73o 
 
 1,298 
 
 386,461 
 
 months, 2,311; for one year, 1,954 credited as 2, 174 three years men. 
 and which cannot be so assigned. 
 
 J Colored Troops organ- 
 
588 
 
 NUMBER OF MEN CALLED FOR 
 
 STATEMENT OF NUMBER OF MEN CALLED FOR BY THE 
 
 STATES 
 
 AND 
 
 TERRITORIES. 
 
 Call of December 19, 1864, for 300,000 men. 
 
 Quota. 
 
 Men furnished for 
 
 Total. 
 
 i year. 
 
 2 years. 
 
 3 years. 4 years. %*- 
 
 Maine 
 
 8,389 
 2,072 
 1,832 
 1,306 
 i,459 
 
 4,989 
 492 
 
 962 
 
 1,535 
 739 
 34 
 9,i5o 
 6, si i 
 26,666 
 376 
 3,236 
 2,114 
 692 
 21,712 
 20, 642 
 25,940 
 6,767 
 9,666 
 2,689 
 772 
 3,i6i 
 
 1,987 
 622 
 
 141 
 
 9 
 
 29 
 
 43 
 92 
 
 7 
 1,645 
 
 1,075 
 204 
 
 5 
 430 
 
 12 
 641 
 
 243 
 356 
 4i 
 15 
 
 12 
 
 15 
 
 44 
 
 7 
 36 
 
 1,884 3 10 
 775 28 .... 
 550 9 .... 
 2,349 2 .... 
 
 6,936 
 i,34 
 i,55o 
 3,929 
 1,563 
 i,3 2 5 
 34,196 
 11,283 
 31,099 
 411 
 
 4,944 
 2,537 
 823 
 24,580 
 23,308 
 28,324 
 7,860 
 9,922 
 2,771 
 
 854 
 4,207 
 7-603 
 
 883 
 
 New Hampshire . . . 
 Vermont 
 
 Massachusetts 
 
 Rhode Island 
 
 Connecticut 
 
 1,282 2 .... 
 23,321 67 13 
 3,527 155 15 
 
 3,903 44 282 
 30 . . 
 
 New York 
 
 61,076 
 11,695 
 46,437 
 938 
 9,142 
 4,43i 
 
 2,222 
 26,027 
 22,582 
 32,902 
 IO,026 
 12,356 
 3,636 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 Delaware 
 
 Maryland 
 
 i,275 ... 3 
 415 i . . 
 
 West Virginia 
 
 District of Columbia . . 
 Ohio ... 
 
 116 2 i 
 2,214 ... 13 
 2,329 - 94 
 
 2,022 . . . 6 
 
 1,034 ... 18 
 240 ... I 
 68 ... 2 
 67 . . 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Illinois . . 
 
 Michigan 
 
 Wisconsin . 
 
 Minnesota 
 
 Iowa ... 
 
 Missouri 
 
 I3,9 8 4 
 10,481 
 1,222 
 
 1,002 ... .... 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 5,609 . . . 
 
 Kansas 
 
 223 ... 2 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 Arkansas ... 
 
 
 North Carolina . ... 
 
 
 
 
 California ... 
 
 
 
 
 Nevada ... 
 
 
 
 
 Oregon ... 
 
 
 
 
 Washington Ter .... ... 
 
 
 
 Nebraska Ter 
 
 
 
 
 Colorado Ter 
 
 
 Dakota Ter . . 
 
 
 
 
 New Mexico Ter. . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 Alabama . . . . 
 
 
 
 
 
 Florida 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 
 
 
 
 Texas 
 
 
 
 
 Indian Nation 
 
 
 
 
 
 Colored Troops* .... 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 
 
 
 
 284,215 
 
 151,363 
 
 5,"o 
 
 54,967 312 460 
 
 212,212 
 
 
 Colored Troops organized at various stations in the States in rebellion, embracing all not 
 
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE U. S. 
 
 589 
 
 PRESIDENT OP THE UNITED STATES, ETC. CONTINUED. 
 
 VOLUNTEERS AND MILITIA FURNISHED AT VARIOUS TIMES FOR 
 
 go 
 
 E 
 
 d 
 
 S 
 
 3 months. 
 
 loo days. 
 
 4 months. 
 
 6 months. 
 
 8 months. 
 
 03 
 0) 
 f*i 
 
 M 
 
 3 years. 
 
 Total. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 73Q 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 274 
 
 
 21 ? 
 
 
 8 280 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 I O8O 
 
 i 080 
 
 
 
 
 42 
 
 
 
 
 1,768 
 
 1,810 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1,156 
 
 
 1 86 
 
 
 
 ^ ^61 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 I.SQ3 
 
 
 
 803 
 
 
 
 A i6s 
 
 6 561 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 I 44.7 
 
 i 1 20 
 
 2 =;76 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 I 2CX) 
 
 i 290 
 
 206 
 
 
 
 
 
 373 
 
 
 4 SSS 
 
 ^ 224 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^d^ 
 
 ^j. 1 ; 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 AQQ 
 
 1 466 
 
 i o6s 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 53 
 
 3 53*-* 
 
 I 7J.Q 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 QI 602 
 
 Q^ J.-II 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2,045 
 
 i,593 
 
 1,895 
 
 42 
 
 1,363 
 
 373 
 
 8,198 
 
 166,848 
 
 182,357 
 
 specifically credited to States, and which cannot be so assigned. 
 
590 
 
 MEN CALLED FOR BY THE PRESIDENT. 
 
 STATEMENT OF NUMBER OF MEN CALLED FOR BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE 
 UNITED STATES, ETC. CONTINUED. 
 
 STATES 
 
 AND 
 
 AGGREGATE. 
 
 Aggregate re 
 duced to a 
 three years 
 
 TERRITORIES. 
 
 Quota. 
 
 Men 
 furnished. 
 
 Paid com 
 mutation. 
 
 Total. 
 
 standard. 
 
 Maine .... 
 
 73,1587 
 
 70,107 
 
 2,007 
 
 72,114 
 
 ^6 776 
 
 . New Hampshire . . . 
 Vermont 
 
 35,897 
 32,074 
 
 33,937 
 33,288 
 
 692 
 1,974 
 
 34,629 
 35,262 
 
 30,849 
 29 068 
 
 Massachusetts . . 
 
 139,095 
 
 146,730 
 
 5,318 
 
 152 048 
 
 124 IO4 
 
 Rhode Island .... 
 
 18,898 
 
 23,236 
 
 463 
 
 23,699 
 
 17 866 
 
 
 44; 797 
 
 55,864 
 
 1,515 
 
 S7 ^7Q 
 
 qo 627. 
 
 New York 
 
 507,148 
 
 448,850 
 
 18,197 
 
 467,04.7 
 
 V>2 27O 
 
 New Jersey . ... 
 
 92,820 
 
 76,814 
 
 4,196 
 
 81 oio 
 
 57 008 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 385, 369 
 
 337,936 
 
 28,171 
 
 366,107 
 
 26s, SI7 
 
 Delaware . 
 
 13,935 
 
 I 2, 284 
 
 1,386 
 
 13,670 
 
 10, 322 
 
 Maryland 
 
 70,965 
 
 46,638 
 
 3,678 
 
 50,316 
 
 4I.27S 
 
 \Vest Virginia . . . 
 
 34, 463 
 
 32,068 
 
 
 32 068 
 
 27 714 
 
 District of Columbia . . 
 Ohio 
 
 13,973 
 306, 322 
 
 16,534 
 3I3,l8o 
 
 338 
 
 6,4.7Q 
 
 16,872 
 
 "UQ 6SQ 
 
 II,506 
 24O s!4 
 
 Indiana 
 
 199,788 
 
 196,363 
 
 784 
 
 IQ7,I47 
 
 1^7, 576 
 
 Illinois . .... 
 
 244,496 
 
 259,092 
 
 5=5 
 
 2SQ 147 
 
 214 I 77 
 
 Michigan 
 
 9=5,007 
 
 87, 364 
 
 2,008 
 
 89, 372 
 
 80, III 
 
 \Visconsiii . 
 
 109,080 
 
 91,327 
 
 5,097 
 
 96 424. 
 
 70 260 
 
 
 26, 326 
 
 24,O2O 
 
 I O7.2 
 
 25 052 
 
 
 Iowa 
 
 79,521 
 
 76,242 
 
 1 } 
 
 67 
 
 76. VXt 
 
 68 630 
 
 Missouri . ... 
 
 122,496 
 
 IO9,III 
 
 
 log in 
 
 86 530 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 100,782 
 
 75,76o 
 
 3,265 
 
 79,025 
 
 70 8x2 
 
 Kansas .... 
 
 12,931 
 
 20,149 
 
 2 
 
 2O I 51 
 
 1 8 706 
 
 Tennessee 
 
 1,560 
 
 31,092 
 
 
 31,092 
 
 26 T.Q4 
 
 Arkansas 
 
 780 
 
 8,28q 
 
 
 8 289 
 
 7 836 
 
 North Carolina .... 
 
 1,560 
 
 3,156 
 
 
 3,156 
 
 i i ^6 
 
 California 
 
 
 15,725 
 
 
 I =; 72^ 
 
 I ^ 72=; 
 
 Nevada 
 
 
 I, O8o 
 
 
 1, 080 
 
 I 080 
 
 Oregon 
 
 
 1,810 
 
 
 i 810 
 
 I 77^ 
 
 Washington TV .... 
 
 
 964 
 
 
 064 
 
 
 Nebraska Ty 
 
 
 3, 157 
 
 
 2 ICJ7 
 
 2 17^ 
 
 Colorado Ty . .... 
 
 
 4,907, 
 
 
 4 GOT. 
 
 
 Dakota Ty 
 
 
 206 
 
 
 2O6 
 
 2O6 
 
 New Mexico Ty .... 
 
 
 6.561 
 
 
 6 561 
 
 
 Alabama 
 
 
 2,576 
 
 
 2,576 
 
 i 61 T 
 
 Florida 
 
 
 1,290 
 
 
 I 290 
 
 
 Louisiana . . 
 
 
 S 224. 
 
 
 =! 224 
 
 
 Mississippi 
 
 
 545 
 
 
 S4 c 
 
 S.A^ 
 
 Texas 
 
 
 i o6s 
 
 
 i o6s 
 
 
 Indian Nation 
 
 
 3,530 
 
 
 7. SW 
 
 1 ^^O 
 
 Colored Troops*. . . . 
 
 
 07 441 
 
 
 Q7. 441 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Total 
 
 2 763 6/O 
 
 2 772 4O8 
 
 86 724 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Colored Troops organized at various stations in the States. in rebellion, embracing all not 
 specifically credited to States, and which cannot be so assigned. 
 
History of Army Corps and Badges. 
 
 The adoption of badges appears to have originated in the " Kearny Patch." The 
 following is the story told on the subject : One day when his brigade was on the 
 inarch General Philip Kearny, who was a strict disciplinarian, saw some officers 
 standing under a tree by the road-side. Supposing them to be stragglers from his 
 command, he administered to them a rebuke, emphasized by a few expletives. The 
 officers listened, respectfully standing in the "position of a soldier" until he had 
 finished, when one of them, raising his hand to his cap, quietly suggested that the 
 general had possibly made a mistake, as none of them belonged to his command. 
 With his usual courtesy Kearny exclaimed, " Pardon me ; I will take steps to know 
 how to recognize my own men hereafter. " Immediately on reaching camp he issued 
 orders that all officers and men of his brigade should wear conspicuously on the front of 
 their caps a round piece of red cloth to designate them. This became generally known 
 as the Kearny Patch. After the battle of Fair Oaks, or Seven Pines, it was observed 
 that the Confederate prisoners universally wore strips of red, blue, or white cloth on 
 their caps, which they said were to designate the commands to which the} belonged. 
 General Kearny, in conversation with General Hooker, enthusiastically instanced 
 this as illustrating the utility of his " patch. " 
 
 The usefulness of distinctive badges became so apparent to the corps commanders 
 that very soon they were generally adopted. They, however, had not an official 
 recognition until General Joseph Hooker became the commander of the Army of the 
 Potomac. On the 2ist of March, 1863, just before the Chancellorsville campaign, he 
 issued an order prescribing the device for a badge for each corps, as was stated, " for 
 the purpose of read}- recognition of corps and divisions of this army, and to prevent 
 injustice by reports of straggling and misconduct through mistake as to their organ 
 izations." This same phraseology was used in the orders subsequently issued, 
 announcing the badges of corps in the Department of the Cumberland. The divisions 
 of each corps were indicated by the colors red, white, and blue, and green, and orange, 
 if there were more than three divisions. Thus the badge of the first division of each 
 corps was made of scarlet cloth, that of the second of white, and the third of blue. 
 For the headquarters some slight modifications were made in the form worn by the 
 divisions. The badges were painted on the wagons of the corps, and stencilled on 
 all its public property. 
 
 In connection with the badges, the history of the corps is so interwoven that 
 very appropriately with its insignia it should be stated how each was formed and 
 where it served. At the outstart of the Civil War, the old formation of the small 
 Regular Army of the United States was preserved. The subdivisions of different 
 armies were simply divisions and brigades. The tactical formation of the great 
 European armies, framed from experience, was ignored, until, by hard-taught les 
 sons, those in authority learned that war was a profession, and its rules and regula 
 tions could not safely be set aside. Grand armies, for purposes of strategical 
 
 591 
 
592 HISTORY OF ARMY CORPS AND BADGES. 
 
 movements, among all great military powers, have been subdivided into corps, per 
 fect in all the attributes of a separate army infantry, artillery, and cavalry and 
 placed tinder experienced generals, making a unit of a large force for independent 
 action, which might prove important in accomplishing victory. 
 
 It was not until July 17, 1862, that Congress formally authorized the formation 
 of army corps, though it did not give to the corps commanders the rank of lieutenant- 
 generals, as is visual in other services, and which was adopted by the Confederates 
 a general commanding an army, a lieutenant-general a corps, a major-general a divi 
 sion, and a brigadier-general a brigade. 
 
 Under the authority which legalized and allowed the organization of troops into 
 army corps, the following corps were organized : 
 
 FIRST ARMY CORPS. 
 
 August 12, 1862. Troops of the Mountain Department constituted the First 
 Corps, under command of Major-General Fremont. It was subsequently commanded 
 by Major-General John F. Reynolds. 
 
 March 23, 1862. Discontinued, and troops transferred. 
 
 November 28, 1864. Reorganized, under the command of Major-General Han 
 cock, as First Corps, Veteran Volunteers. After its service under Fremont, it was 
 identified with the Army of the Potomac. The badge of the First Corps was a circle; 
 that of the Veteran Volunteers was a circle surrounded by a double wreath of laurel. 
 Outside the laurel-wreath, rays from a figure with seven sides of concave curves. 
 Seven hands, springing from the circumference of the laurel-wreath, grasp spears, 
 the heads of which form the seven points of the external radiated figure. 
 
 SECOND ARMY CORPS. 
 
 August 12, 1862. The troops of the Shenandoah Department were to constitute 
 the Second Corps, under command of General Banks. 
 
 September 12, 1862. The designation of this corps was changed to the Eleventh 
 by order of the President, and it was directed that the corps arranged by Order of 
 March 13, 1862, headquarters Army of the Potomac, should be known as such. The 
 Second Corps was first commanded by General E. V. Sumner, then by General 
 Couch, and subsequently by General Hancock, who had previously been one of its 
 division commanders. He was so largely identified with its history that it is most 
 generally alluded to as Hancock s Corps. General Warren commanded it tempora 
 rily; its last commander was General Humphreys. The corps formed continuously 
 a portion of the Army of the Potomac. Its badge was a trefoil. 
 
 THIRD ARMY CORPS. 
 
 August 12, 1862. The troops under General McDowell, except those within the 
 city and fortifications, were to form this corps, and to be under his command. It 
 became the Twelfth Army Corps September 12, 1862, giving place to the Third 
 Corps, General Heintzelman, in the Arm} of the Potomac, which last-named organiza 
 tion was discontinued March 23, 1864, and troops transferred. During its organiza 
 tion it served continuously with the Army of the Potomac. At the battle of 
 Gettysburg it was commanded by Major-General Daniel E. Sickles. Its badge was a 
 diamond. 
 
HISTORY OF ARMY CORPS AND BADGES. 593 
 
 FOURTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 The original Fourth Corps belonged to the Army of the Potomac, and was com 
 manded by Major-General Erasmus D. Keyes. It was discontinued August i, 1863, 
 and troops transferred to other corps. It had no badge. 
 
 September 28, 1863, the Twentieth and Twenty-first were consolidated, and con 
 stituted the Fourth Corps, under command of General Gordon Granger. It was a 
 portion of the Cumberland, under Major-General George H. Thomas. Its badge was 
 an equilateral triangle. 
 
 FIFTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 July 22, 1862. The forces under command of Brigadier-General Fitz John Porter, 
 of the Army of the Potomac, were by direction of the President, and in compliance 
 with a previous general order from the headquarters of that army, designated as the 
 Fifth Corps. It served continuously with the Army of the Potomac. 
 
 The Fifth Corps was successively commanded by Major-Generals Warren and 
 Griffin. It comprised in its organization the regiments of infantry of the Regulars 
 attached to the Army of the Potomac. Its badge was "A Maltese Cross." 
 
 When the Army of the Potomac was reorganized, in March, 1864, and the First 
 Corps was consolidated with the Fifth, the men who were transferred from the old 
 First then combined the badges of the two corps, placing the Maltese cross within 
 a circle. 
 
 SIXTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 July 22, 1862. The President directed that the corps, arranged in pursuance to 
 a general order, headquarters of the Army of the Potomac, of the forces commanded 
 by Brigadier-General Franklin, should be known as the Sixth Army Corps. It was 
 commanded for a long period by Major-General Sedgwick, and was generally known 
 as Sedgwick s Corps. After his death in action in the Wilderness it was commanded 
 by Major-General Horatio G. Wright. Its service with the exception of its cam 
 paign in the valley of the Shenandoah in Sheridan s operations, and its being 
 detached for the defense of Washington in the attack of the Confederate forces under 
 General Early was continuously with the Army of the Potomac. Its badge was 
 "A Greek Cross." 
 
 The men transferred from the old Third Corps to the Sixth combined the diamond 
 and cross of the two corps. 
 
 SEVENTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 July 22, 1862. The President directed the forces under Major-General Dix serv 
 ing in the Department of Virginia should constitute the Seventh Corps. It had no 
 badge. 
 
 August i, 1863. Discontinued, and the troops transferred to the Eighteenth 
 Corps. 
 
 January 6, 1864. The troops in the Department of Arkansas, commanded by 
 Major-General Steele, were designated the Seventh Corps. Its badge was A Crescent 
 encircling a Star." 
 
 EIGHTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 July 22, 1862. By direction of the President the forces under General Wool con 
 stituted the Eighth Army Corps. 
 
 2N 
 
594 HISTORY OF ARMY CORPS AND BADGES. 
 
 December u, 1862. Major-General Robert C. Schenck was assigned to the com 
 mand of the Eighth Corps and the Middle Department, with headqtiarters at Balti 
 more, Md. On his resignation, December 5, 1863, Brigadier- General Lockwood was 
 for a time in command, who was succeeded by Major-General Lewis Wallace, who 
 commanded the corps, with the exception of a few days intermission, in July, 1864, 
 when General Ord was in command, until its discontinuance, in 1865, by the ter 
 mination of the war. Its badge was "A Star with Six Rays. " 
 
 NINTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 July 22, 1862. Troops under Major-General Burnside, and belonging to Depart 
 ment of North Carolina, were designated as the Ninth Corps. It was known generally 
 as Burnside s Corps. General John G. Parke commanded it for a time. It had a 
 various field of service. Was connected with the Army of the Potomac, and also 
 with the western armies. Took part in the Vicksburg campaign, and returning, was 
 in the campaigns under General Grant in Virginia, the closing scenes of the war. 
 Typical of the fact that it served afloat during the combined operations of the army 
 and navy in the waters of North Carolina, its badge was "A Shield with a figure 9 
 in the center, crossed with a foul anchor and cannon." 
 
 TENTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 September 3, 1862. The forces in the Department of the South, commanded by 
 Major-General Ormsby M. Mitchell, were designated the Tenth Corps. Was after 
 wards commanded by Major-General Terry, and took part in the capture of Fort 
 Fisher, North Carolina. The services of this corps in the reduction of forts on the 
 seaboard suggested the device of its badge, which was that of The Trace 1 of a Four- 
 bastioned Fort." 
 
 ELEVENTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 September 12, 1862. Troops of the Department of Shenandoah, commanded by 
 Major-General Banks, were constituted this corps. It was afterwards commanded by 
 Major-General Oliver O. Howard, and identified with the Army of the Potomac. 
 Was transferred to the scene of military operations in the western departments. 
 
 April 4, 1 864. Was consolidated with the Twelfth, and constituted the Twentieth 
 Corps. Its badge was " A Crescent. " 
 
 TWELFTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 Semptember 12, 1862. Troops under Major-General McDowell, with some excep 
 tions, constituted this corps. It was afterwards commanded by General Slocum. 
 Its history is identical with that of the Eleventh Corps. It served for a while in the 
 Army of the Potomac, was transferred at the same time to the West, and consolidat 
 ing with it formed the Twentieth Corps, which adopted as its device the badge of the 
 Twelfth Corps, "A Star with Five Rays." 
 
 THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 October 24, 1862. The troops under command of Major-General Grant, com 
 manding Department of Tennessee, were to constitute this corps. 
 
 December 18, 1862. The forces tinder General Grant organized into the Thir 
 teenth, Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Corps, and Major-General John A. 
 McClernand assigned to command of the Thirteenth. 
 
 June n, 1864. Temporarily discontinued and troops transferred. 
 
HISTORY OF ARMY CORPS AND BADGES. 595 
 
 February 18, 1865. Reorganized, and Major-General Gordon Granger placed in 
 command. No badge was adopted. 
 
 FOURTEENTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 O2tober 24, 1862. The troops under Major-Gsneral Rosecrans, commanding the 
 Department of the Cumberland, were ordered to constitute this corps. 
 
 January 9, 1863. This corps divided into three corps the Fourteenth, Twen 
 tieth, and Twenty-first the Fourteenth to be commanded by Major-General George 
 H. Thomas. Its badge was an acorn. Major-General Jefferson C. Davis, who was 
 its last commander, described how the device of the acorn-badge came to be adopted. 
 After the battle of Chickamauga, the Army of General Rosecrans made a stand at and 
 around Chattanooga. Owing to exceedingly muddy roads, and the cutting of its 
 lines of communication by the Confederates, great difficulty was experienced in get 
 ting supplies. The Fourteenth Corps was encamped near a wood of oak-trees, which 
 were at that time covered with acorns. As the rations fell short, many of the men 
 gathered the acorns and ate them roasted, till at length it was observed that they had 
 become quite an important part of the ration, and the men jestingly called them 
 "The Acorn Boys. " Receiving an order about that time which required the adoption 
 of a corps-badge, the acorn was adopted by acclamation. 
 
 FIFTEENTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 December 18, 1862. Constituted from troops of General Grant s command, and 
 General W. T. Sherman assigned to its command. General John A. Logan com 
 manded the Fifteenth Corps at the time of the device of its badge, which is a minia 
 ture cartridge-box, black, set transversely on a square, with the motto, "40 rounds." 
 It was suggested by the following incident : The Eleventh and Twelfth Corps were 
 transferred from the Army of the Potomac to the Department of the Cumberland. 
 They were better dressed than the other troops of that department, and a little rivalry 
 sprang up between these Eastern boys and those who came from the West. The 
 latter spoke of the former as "the men who wore paper shirt-collars, and crescents 
 and stars." Before the Fifteenth Corps had any badge, an Irishman belonging to it 
 went to the river near camp to fill his canteen. There he met a soldier of one of the 
 newly arrived corps, whose badges were the subject of ridicule by his comrades. The 
 latter saluted the Irishman with the query: "What corps do you belong to?" "The 
 Fifteenth, sure." "Well, then, where is your badge?" " My badge, is it? Well 
 [clapping his hand on his cartridge-box], here s my badge : 40 rounds! It s the 
 orders to have 40 rounds in our cartridge-box, and we always do." 
 
 SIXTEENTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 December 18, 1862. Constituted from troops of General Grant s command, and 
 Major-General A. S. Hurlbut assigned to its command. 
 
 November 7, 1864. Corps organization abolished. 
 
 February 18, 1865. Reorganized under command of Major-General Andrew J. 
 Smith. Corps badge : A circle with four minie-balls, the points towards the center 
 cut out of it. 
 
 SEVENTEENTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 December 18, 1862. Constituted from troops of General Grant s command, and 
 Major-General T. B. McPherson assigned to command. In the order for the adoption 
 
596 HISTORY OF ARMY CORPS AND BADGES. 
 
 of the device of an arrow for the corps, Major-General Frank Blair, at that time com 
 manding the corps, said, " In its swiftness, in its surety of striking where wanted, 
 and its destructive powers when so intended, it is probably as emblematical of this 
 corps as any design that could be adopted." 
 
 EIGHTEENTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 December 24, 1862. The troops in North Carolina, under command of Major- 
 General J. G. Foster, were constituted the Eighteenth Corps. 
 
 August i, 1863. Troops of Seventh Army Corps, in Department of Virginia, 
 transferred to this corps. 
 
 July 17, 1864. The troops of the Department of North Carolina and Virginia 
 serving in conjunction with the Army of the Potomac were constituted this corps, 
 and Major-General William F. Smith assigned to the command. The Tenth and 
 Eighteenth Corps, with cavalry, constituted the Army of the James under General 
 Butler. The corps was discontinued December 3, 1864. Its badge was a cross with 
 foliated sides. 
 
 NINETEENTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 January 5, 1863. Constituted of the troops in the Department of the Gulf, com 
 manded by Major-General N. P. Banks. 
 
 July n, 1864. Major-General Gillmore assigned to temporary command of the 
 part of the corps in the Department of Washington. 
 
 July 13, 1864. Brigadier-General Emory placed in command of this portion of 
 the corps. 
 
 November 7, 1864. Brevet Major-General Emory appointed to command ; head 
 quarters with the army of General Sheridan in the field. The organization in the 
 military division of West Mississippi, known as the Nineteenth Corps, abolished. 
 Its badge was a fan-leaved cross with octagonal center. 
 
 TWENTIETH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 January 9, 1863. The Army of the Cumberland divided into three corps, the 
 Fourteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first ; Major-General A. McD. McCook assigned 
 to command of the Twentieth, September 28, 1863. Consolidated with the Twenty- 
 first, and constituted the Fourth Corps. 
 
 April 4, 1864. Re-formed of the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps by consolidation, 
 and Major-General Jos. Hooker placed in command. Corps badge : a star with five 
 rays, as before worn by the Twelfth Corps. For some time after the consolidation 
 the men of the old Eleventh combined the two badges of the Eleventh and Twelfth, 
 the crescent being placed above the star. 
 
 TWENTY-FIRST ARMY CORPS. 
 
 January 9, 1863. Formed of a portion of the Army of the Cumberland. Major- 
 General T. L,. Crittenden assigned to command. 
 
 September 28, 1863. Consolidated with the Twentieth and constituted the Fourth 
 Corps. No badge was ever adopted by the Twenty-first Corps. 
 
HISTORY OF ARMY CORPS AND BADGES. 597 
 
 TWENTY-SECOND CORPS. 
 
 February 2, 1863. The troops in the Department of Washington were constituted 
 this corps, under command of Major-General Heintzelman. Badge : Quinquefoliate 
 in shape, with a circle inscribed in the center. 
 
 The signification of this badge was a building inside of defensive works in allu 
 sion to the continued service of the corps in and around Washington. 
 
 TWENTY-THIRD ARMY CORPS. 
 
 April 27, 1863. The troops in Kentucky not belonging to the Ninth Corps were 
 constituted the Twenty-third Corps, commanded by Major-General G. L. Hartsuff; 
 by Major-General Stoneman from January 28, 1864; by Major-General Schofield from 
 April 4, 1864 ; by Major-General J. D. Cox from March 27, 1865. Its badge was a 
 plain shield. It was adopted at the beginning of the Atlantic campaign (spring of 
 1864). General Cox, in explanation of how it came to be adopted, says: "There 
 was no legend connected with it. The Twenty-third Corps had been intimately 
 associated with the Ninth Corps under General Burnside in the campaign in East 
 Tennessee in 1863, being organized in that year for the purpose of becoming part of 
 Burnside s Army of the Ohio. This association led to the adoption by the Twenty- 
 third Corps of a shield somewhat similar in form to the badge of the Ninth Corps, 
 but with sufficient marks of distinction." 
 
 TWENTY-FOURTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 December 3, 1864. The white infantry of the Tenth and Eighteenth Corps with 
 the Army of the James consolidated and constituted this corps, under the command 
 of Major-General E. O. C. Ord. It was afterwards commanded by Major-General 
 John Gibbon, who, as it was composed of veterans, in his orders adopting the badge, 
 a heart, said : The symbol selected is one which testifies an affectionate regard for 
 all our brave comrades alike the living and the dead who have braved the perils of 
 this mighty conflict, and our devotion to the sacred cause a cause which entitles us 
 to the sympathy of every brave and true heart, and the support of every strong and 
 determined hand." 
 
 TWENTY-FIFTH ARMY CORPS. 
 
 December 3, 1864. The colored troops of the Department of Virginia and North 
 Carolina were organized into a corps, and constituted the Twenty-fifth, Major- 
 General Weitzel commanding. It was the first to occupy Richmond, Virginia, April 3, 
 1865. Its badge was "A Square." It was adopted as indicative of the claims of 
 the coloredjsoldiers to equal rights. 
 
 CAVALRY CORPS, ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. 
 
 April 15, 1863. Major-General Stoneman was assigned to the command of this 
 corps. Afterwards Major-General Pleasanton for a time commanded it, and, finally, 
 Major-General Phil Sheridan came in command. The badge which was adopted 
 under the last commander was : "Gold crossed sabers, on a blue field, surrounded by 
 a glory in silver." The badge was only worn by commissioned officers. 
 
598 HISTORY OF ARMY CORPS AND BADGES. 
 
 WILSON S CAVALRY CORPS. 
 
 The badge of this corps was "A Rifle," from, which was suspended, by chains, 
 the red swallow-tail guidon of the cavalry, with gilt crossed sabers upon it. The fol 
 lowing is the explanation given as to the adoption of the badge : The Rifle was the 
 badge of the first division of this corps, formerly First Division of the Army of the 
 Tennessee. The red swallow-tail guidon, with sabers crossed upon it, was the flag 
 of the corps headquarters. A combination was made of the two insignia as the corps 
 badge. 
 
 FRONTIER CAVALRY. 
 
 This cavalry served in the Seventh Corps, in the Department 9f Arkansas. Its 
 badge was : A Spur, with curb-chain, and crescent, and star suspended. 
 
 CUSTER S CAVALRY. 
 
 The men of this cavalry, following the custom of their commander, wore a bright 
 red scarf, tied with a sailor-knot. They could be distinguished at a long distance by 
 this, their only badge. 
 
 ENGINEER AND PONTONIER CORPS. 
 
 Its badge was : Two Oars, crossed over an anchor, the top of which is encircled 
 by a scroll surmounted by a castle, the castle being the badge of the U. S. Corps of 
 Engineers. 
 
 SIGNAL CORPS. 
 i 
 
 Its badge was : Two Flags, crossed, with a flaming torch between them ; indicat 
 ing the implements used in signaling, the flags by day and torch by night. 
 
National and Department Officers 
 
 OF THE 
 
 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 
 
 Commander-in-Chief Lucius FAIRCHILD, Madison, Wis. 
 
 Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief SAMUEL W. BACKUS, Santa Barbara, Cal. 
 
 Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief EDGAR ALLEN, Richmond, Va. 
 
 Chaplain -in -Chief Rev. T. C. WARNER, Chattanooga, Tenn. 
 
 Surgeon-General AMBROSE EVERETT, Denver, Col. 
 
 Adjutant-General EDMUND B. GRAY, Madison, Wis. 
 
 Quartermaster-General JOHN TAYLOR, Philadelphia, Penn. 
 
 Judge- Advocate-General HENRY E. TAINTOR, Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Inspector-General JACOB M. HUNTER, Cincinnati, Ohio. 
 
 NATIONAL COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION. 
 
 Arkansas THOMAS BOLES Fort Smith. 
 
 California N. P. CHIPMAN Red Bluff. 
 
 Colorado FRANK HUNTER Denver. 
 
 Connecticut WILLIAM EDGAR SIMONDS Hartford. 
 
 Dakota GEORGE A. SlLSBY Mitchell. 
 
 Delaware GEORGE W. KING Wilmington. 
 
 Florida E. W. HENCK Longwood. 
 
 Gulf HENRY SCHORTEN Baton Rouge. 
 
 Illinois R. F. WILSON Chicago. 
 
 Indiana COURTLAND E. WHITSITT Indianapolis. 
 
 Iowa J. B. MORGAN Davenport. 
 
 Kansas J. W. FEIGHAN Emporia. 
 
 Kentucky D. O RiLEY Litchfield. 
 
 Maine A. M. SAWYER Portland. 
 
 Massachusetts JOHN L. OTIS Northampton. 
 
 Maryland GEORGE B. CREAMER Baltimore. 
 
 Michigan GEORGE M. DEVLIN Jackson. 
 
 Minnesota W. W. P. McCoNNELL Mankato. 
 
 Missouri EUGENE F. WEiGEL St. Louis. 
 
 Montana W. F. SANDERS Helena. 
 
 Nebraska JAMES O. WEST . Grand Island. 
 
 New Hampshire JAMES MINOT Concord. 
 
 New Jersey BISHOP W. MAINS . . Trenton. 
 
 599 
 
600 NATIONAL AND DEPARTMENT OFFICERS 
 
 New Mexico THOMAS W. COTTIER Raton. 
 
 New York HENRY E. TURNER . . Lowville. 
 
 Ohio D. R. AUSTIN Toledo. 
 
 Oregon CHARLES L. FAY Portland. 
 
 Pennsylvania SAMUEL HARPER Pittsburg. 
 
 Potomac SOLOMON E. FAUNCE Washington. 
 
 Rhode Island GEORGE O. EDDY Bristol. 
 
 Tennessee and Georgia .... EDWARD S. JONES Nashville. 
 
 Texas A. BELKNAP San Antonio. 
 
 Utah W. H. NYE Boise City. 
 
 Vermont ED. H. TRICK Burlington. 
 
 Virginia PETER MORTON Richmond 
 
 Washington Territory .... FRANK G. FRARY Dayton. 
 
 West Virginia S. F. SHAW Parkersburg. 
 
 Wisconsin J. L/. WHEAT Racine. 
 
 PAST NATIONAL OFFICERS. 
 Includes those in good standing in their posts, and deceased. 
 
 Past Commanders-in-Chief f S. A. HURLBUT, Illinois 1866-67 
 
 JOHN A. LOGAN, Chicago, Ills 68-9-70 
 
 t AMBROSE BURNSIDE, Rhode Island . . . 1871-72 
 
 CHARLES DEVINS, Boston, Mass 1873-74 
 
 JOHN F. HARTRANFT, Philadelphia, Penn., 1875-76 
 J. C. ROBINSON, Binghamton, N. Y . . . 1877-78 
 t WILLIAM EARNSHAW, Dayton, Ohio . . 1879 
 Louis WAGNER, Philadelphia, Penn. . . 1880 
 GEO. S. MERRILL, Lawrence, Mass . . . 1881 
 PAUL VAN DERVOORT, Omaha, Neb. . . 1882 
 ROBERT B. BEATH, Philadelphia, Penn. . 1883 
 
 JOHN S. KOUNTZ, Toledo, Ohio 1884 
 
 S. S. BURDETT, Washington, D. C. . . . 1885-86 
 
 Past Senior Vice-Commanders-in-Chief, JAS. B. McKEAN, Saratoga, N. Y . . . . 1866-67 
 
 JOSHUA T. OWEN, Philadelphia, Penn . . 1868 
 Louis WAGNER, Philadelphia, Penn. . . 1871-72 
 Lucius FAIRCHILD, Madison, Wis .... 1873 
 EDWARD JARDINE, New York, N. Y. . . 1874 
 JOSEPH S. REYNOLDS, Chicago, Ills . . . 1875-76 
 ELISHA H. RHODES, Providence, R. I . . 1877 
 PAUL VAN DERVOORT, Omaha, Neb. . . 1878 
 
 JOHN PALMER, Albany, N. Y 1879 
 
 EDGAR D. SWAIN, Chicago, Ills 1880 
 
 CHARLES L. YOUNG, Toledo, Ohio . . . 1881 
 
 W. E. W. Ross, Baltimore, Md 1882 
 
 WM. WARNER, Kansas City, Mo 1883 
 
 JOHN P. REA, Minneapolis, Minn .... 1884 
 SELDEN CONNOR, Augusta, Me 1885-86 
 
 Past Junior Vice-Commanders-in-Chief, NATHAN KIMBALL, Indiana 1866-67 
 
 JOSEPH R. HAWLEY, Hartford, Conn. . . 1868-69 
 Louis WAGNER, Philadelphia, Penn. . . 1870 
 
 JAMES COEY, San Francisco, Cal 1871-72 
 
 ED. FERGUSON, Milwaukee, Wis 1873 
 
 t Deceased. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 601 
 
 Past Jtmior Vice-Commanders-in-Chief, GUY T. GOULD, Chicago, Ills ...... 1874 
 
 C. J. BUCKBEE, New Haven, Conn. . . . 1875-76 
 
 f WIGWAM EARNSHAW, Dayton, Ohio . . . 1877 
 HERBERT E. Hm,, Boston, Mass .... 1878 
 H. DINGMAN, Washington, D. C 1879 
 
 f GEORGE BOWERS, Nashua, N. H 1880 
 
 C. V. R. POND, Quiucy, Mich 1881 
 
 I. S. BANGS, Waterville, Me 1882 
 
 W. H. HOLMES, San Francisco, Cal . . . 1883 
 IRA E. HICKS, New Britain, Conn. . . . 1884 
 JOHN R. LEWIS, Atlanta, Ga 1885-86 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 (Organized July n, 1883.) 
 Commander Charles C. Waters, Little Rock. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 Stephen Wheeler, Fort Smith. C. M. Barnes, Fort Smith. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 (Organized February 20, 1868.) 
 Commander W. R. Smedberg, San Francisco. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 W. H. Aiken, San Francisco. W. A. Robinson, San Francisco. 
 
 Ed. Carlson, San Francisco. J. W. Staples, San Francisco. 
 
 S. W. Backus, San Francisco. J. M. Davis, San Francisco. 
 
 S. P. Ford, San Francisco. R. H. Warfield, Healdsburg. 
 C. Mason Kinne, San Francisco. 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 (Organized as Department Mountains, December 11, 1879; named changed to Colorado, July 31, 1882.) 
 Commander Henry Bowman, Idaho Springs. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 F. J. Bancroft, Denver. Byron L. Cave, Longmont. 
 
 J. W. Donnellan, Laramie City, Wyo. Ty. A. V. Bohn, Leadville. 
 E. K. Stimson, Denver. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 (Organized April u, 1867.) 
 Commander John T. Crary, Norwich. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Edward Harland, Norwich. Alfred B. Beers, Bridgeport. 
 
 L. A. Dickinson, Hartford. Ira E. Hicks, New Britain. 
 
 Charles J. Buckbee, New Haven. Isaac B. Hyatt, Meriden. 
 
 Wm. E. Disbrow, Bridgeport. Wm. Berry, Hartford. 
 
 George S. Smith, Norwich. Frank D. Sloat, New Haven. 
 
 t Deceased. 
 
602 NATIONAL AND DEPARTMENT OFFICERS 
 
 DAKOTA. 
 
 (Organized February 27, 1884.) 
 Commander W. V. Lucas, Chamberlain. 
 
 Past Department Commander. 
 Thomas S. Free, Sioux Falls. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 (Organized January 14, 1881.) 
 Commander John M. Dunn, Wilmington. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 W. S. McNair, Wilmington. C. M. Carey, Wyoming. 
 
 Daniel Ross, Wilmington. J. S. Litzenberg, Wilmington. 
 
 John Wain wright, Wilmington. 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 (Organized June 19, 1884.) 
 Commander G. H. Norton, Eustis. 
 
 Past Department Commander. 
 A. T. Wilmarth, Jacksonville. 
 
 GULF. 
 
 (Organized May 15, 1884.) 
 Commander A. S. Badger, New Orleans. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 Wm. Roy, Socoro, N. M. James W. Scully, New Orleans. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 (Organized July 12, 1866. Date of reorganization not of record.) 
 Commander Philip Sidney Post, Galesburg. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Guy T. Gould, Chicago. J. S. Reynolds, Chicago. 
 T. B. Coulter, Aurora. Samuel A. Harper, Elmwood. 
 
 Edgar D. Swain, Chicago. Thos. Y. Lawler, Rockford. 
 
 L. T. Dickinson. Danville. W. W. Berry. Quincy. 
 
 J. W. Burst, Chicago. t H. Milliard, Chicago. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 (Organized November 22, 1866. Reorganized August n, 1879.) 
 Commander T. W. Bennett, Richmond. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 W. W. Dudley, Washington, D. C. Edwin Nicar, South Bend. 
 
 James R. Camahau, Indianapolis. David N. Foster, Fort Wayne. 
 
 t Deceased. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 603 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 (Organized September 26, 1866. Reorganized 1879.) 
 
 Commander W. A. McHenry, Denison. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 J. C. Parrott, Keokuk. George B. Hoyin, Des Moines. 
 
 A. A. Perkins, Burlington. John B. Cooke, Carroll. 
 
 H. E. Griswold, Atlantic. Edward G. Miller, Waterloo. 
 
 W. F. Conrad, Des Moines. W. R. Manning, Newton. 
 
 P. V. Carey, Des Moiues. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 (Organized December 7, 1866. Reorganized March 16, 1880.) 
 
 Commander C. J. McDivitt, Abilene. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 M. Stewart, Wichita. R. W. Jenkens, Leaven worth. 
 
 H. W. Pond, Fort Scott. John A. Martin, Atchison. 
 
 T. J. Anderson, Topeka. John C. Carpenter. 
 
 J. C. Walkeushaw, Leavenworth. J. H. Gilpatrick. 
 
 John Guthrie, Topeka. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 (Organized January 17, 1883.) 
 Commander Thomas Z. Morrow, Somerset. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Jas. C. Michie, Covington. G. W. Northrup, Louisville. 
 
 Wm. H. Harton, Newport. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 (Organized January 10, 1868.) 
 Commander Samuel W. Lane, Augusta. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 John C. Cal dwell, Augusta. Augustus B. Farnham, Bangor. 
 
 A. C. Hamlin, Bangor. Selden Connor, Augusta. 
 
 George L. Beale, Norway. Elijah M. Shaw, Great Falls, N. H. 
 
 Winsor B. Smith, Portland. Nelson Howard, Lewiston. 
 
 Charles P. Mattocks, Portland. Benjamin Williams, Rockland. 
 
 Isaac S. Bangs, Waterville. James A. Hall, Damariscotta. 
 Daniel White, Bangor. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 (Organized May 7, 1867.) 
 Commander Richard F. Tobin, South Boston. 
 
 Past Department, Commanders. 
 
 Austin S. Cushman, New York. Horace Binney, Sargent. 
 
 A. B. Sprague, Worcester. John G. B. Adams, Warnersville. 
 
 Francis A. Osborn, Boston. John A. Hawes, Fairhaven. 
 
 James L. Bates, Weymouth. George W. Creasey, Newburyport. 
 
 Wm. Cogswell, Salem. George H. Patch, S. Framingham. 
 
 A. B. Underwood, Newton. George S. Evans, Cambridgeport. 
 
 John W. Kimball, Fitchburg. John D. Billings, Cambridgeport. 
 
 Geo. S. Merrill, Lawrence. John W. Hersey, Springfield. 
 
604 NATIONAL AND DEPARTMENT OFFICERS 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 (Organized January 8, 1868, Reorganized January, 1876.) 
 
 Commander Geo. \V. F. Vernon, Baltimore. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Edwin T. Danaker, Baltimore. Graham Dukehart, Baltimore. 
 
 Adam E. King, Baltimore. John H. Suter, Baltimore. 
 
 E. B. Tyler, Calverton. Frank M. Smith, Baltimore. 
 
 Wm. E. Griffith, Cumberland. John W. Horn, Baltimore. 
 
 W. E. W. Ross, Baltimore. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 (Organized May 6, 1868. Reorganized 1879.) 
 
 Commander John Northwood, New Lothrop. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 C. V. R. Pond, Quincy. Oscar A. Janes, Hillsdale. 
 
 A. T. McReynolds. Grand Rapids. Rush J. Shank, Lansing. 
 
 Byron R. Pierce, Grand Rapids. Charles D. Long, Flint. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 (Organized August 14, 1867. Reorganized May 18, 1880.) 
 
 Commander Wm. Thomas, Mankato. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Henry G. Hicks, Minneapolis. John P. Rea, Minneapolis. 
 
 Geo. H. Johnston, Minneapolis. E. C. Babb, Minneapolis. 
 
 Adam Marty, Stillwater. R. A. Becker, St. Paul. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 (Organized May 16, 1867. Reorganized 1881.) 
 
 Commander Nelson Cole, St. Louis. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 Wm. Warner, Kansas City. W. F. Chamberlain, Hannibal. 
 
 MONTANA. 
 
 (Organized March 10, 1885.) 
 Commander Charles S. Warren, Butte. 
 
 Past Department Commander. 
 Thomas P. Fuller, Butte. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 
 (Organized January 25, 1877.) 
 Commander John M. Thayer, Grand Island. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Paul Van DerVoort, Omaha. S. J. Alexander, Lincoln. 
 
 J. W. Savage, Omaha. J. C. Bonnell, Lincoln. 
 
 R, H. Wilber, Omaha. H. E. Palmer, Plattsmouth. 
 
 A. V. Cole, Juniata. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 605 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 (Organized May, 1868.) 
 
 Commander George Farr, Littleton. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 Wm. R. Patten, Manchester. Alvin S. Eaton, Nashua. 
 
 D. J. Vaughan, Portsmouth. Chas. J. Richards, Suncook. 
 Jas. E. Larkin, Concord. f George Bowers, Nashua. 
 
 Aug. H. Bixby, Francestown. Martin A. Haynes, Lake Village. 
 
 Wm. H. Trickey, Dover. John C. Linehan, Penacook. 
 
 Timothy W. Challis, Manchester. Marcus M. Collis, Portsmouth. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 (Organized January, 1868.) 
 Commander Frank O. Cole, Jersey City. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Wm. Ward, Newark. E. W. Davis, Newark, 
 
 Chas. Burrows, Rutherford. Samuel Hufty, Camden. 
 
 John Mueller, Newark. Chas. Houghten, Metuchen. 
 
 Geo. W. Gile, Bordentown. Geo. B. Fielder, Jersey City. 
 
 E. L. Campbell, Trenton. Henry M. Nevins, Red Bank. 
 Richard H. Lee, Camden. 
 
 NEW MEXICO. 
 
 (Organized July 13, 1883.) 
 Commander E. S. Stover, Albuquerque. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 E. W. Wynkoop, Santa Fe\ J. J. Fitzgerell, Las Vegas. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 (Organized April 3, 1867.) 
 Commander J. I. Sayles, Rome. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Daniel E. Sickles, New York. f James McQuade, New York. 
 John C. Robinson, Binghamton. L. Coe Young, Bingharnton. 
 
 Henry A. Barnum, New York. Abram Merritt, Nyack. 
 
 Stephen P. Corliss, Albany. James S. Fraser, New York. 
 
 John Palmer, Albany. John A. Reynolds, Rochester. 
 James Tanner, Brooklyn. Ira M. Hedges, Haverstraw. 
 
 Wm. F. Rodgers, Buffalo. H. Clay Hall, Little Falls. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 (Organized January 30, 1867.) 
 Commander Arthur L. Conger, Akron. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Thos. L. Young, Toledo. David W. Thomas, Akron. 
 
 J. Warren Keifer, Springfield. John S. Kountz, Toledo. 
 
 A. C. Voris, Akron. Chas. T. Clark, Columbus. 
 
 t Wm. Earnshaw. H. P. Lloyd, Cincinnati. 
 
 James H. Seymour, Hudson. R. B. Brown, Zanesville. 
 t James B. Steedman, Toledo. 
 
 t Deceased. 
 
606 NATIONAL AND DEPARTMENT OFFICERS 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 (Organized September 28, 1882.) 
 
 Commander F. H. Lamb, Portland. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 N. S. Pierce, Portland. F. J. Babcock, Salem. 
 
 G. E. Caukins, Portland. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 (Organized January 16,11867.) 
 Commander J. P. S. Gobin, Lebanon. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Louis Wagner, Philadelphia. Chas. T. Hull, Athens. 
 
 A. L- Pearson, Pittsburg. George L. Brown, Minersville. 
 
 O. C. Bosbyshell, Philadelphia. C. W. Hazzard, Philadelphia. 
 
 R. B. Beath, Philadelphia. John Taylor, Philadelphia. 
 
 A. Wilson Norris, Philadelphia. J. M. Vanderslice, Philadelphia. 
 W. W. Tyson, Allegheny. E. S. Osborue, Wilkes Barre. 
 James W. Latta, Philadelphia. F. H. Dyer, Washington. 
 
 S. Irwin Given, Philadelphia. Austin Curtin, Roland P. O. 
 
 POTOMAC. 
 
 (Organized February 11, 1869) 
 
 Commander Jerome B. Burke, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 | Timothy Lubey. C. C. Royce, Troy, Ohio. 
 
 Frank H. Sprague, Washington. William Gibson, Washington. 
 
 B. F. Hawkes, Washington. S. S. Burdett, Washington. 
 
 A. H. G. Richardson, Washington. D. S. Alexander, Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 George E. Corson, Washington. N. M. Brooks, Washington. 
 
 Harrison Dingman, Washington. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 (Organized March 24/1868.) 
 Commander Theodore A. Barton, Providence. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Horatio Rogers, Providence. Fred. A. Arnold, Providence. 
 
 Charles R. Brayton, Providence. Henry R. Barker, Providence. 
 
 Elisha H. Rhodes, Providence. Charles C. Gray, Providence. 
 
 Edwin Metcalf, Providence. Henry F. Jenks, Pawtucket. 
 
 Edwin C. Pomeroy, Providence. Philip S. Chase, Providence. 
 
 Charles H. Williams, Providence. A. K. McMahon, Newport. 
 
 Henry J. Spooner, Providence. Eugene A. Cory, Providence. 
 
 TENNESSEE AND GEORGIA. 
 
 (Organized February 26, 1884.) 
 Commander Edward S. Jones, Nashville, Tenn. 
 
 f Deceased. 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 607 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 (Organized March 25, 1885.) 
 Commander O. T. Lyon, Sherman. 
 
 Past Department Commander. 
 W. D. Wylie, Dallas. 
 
 UTAH. 
 
 (Organized October 18, 1884.) 
 Commander E. Sells, Salt Lake City. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Geo. C. Douglass, Deer Lodge, Mont. H. C. Wardleigh, Ogdeu. 
 
 Ransford Smith, Ogdeu. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 (Organized October 23, 1868.) 
 Commander Geo. T. Childs, St. Albans. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 t W. W. Henry, Burlington. George W. Hooker, Brattleboro. 
 
 W. G. Veazey, Rutland. A. B. Valentine, Bennington. 
 
 Stephen Thomas, Moutpelier. C. C. Kinsman, Rutland. 
 
 T. S. Peck, Burlington. Win. L. Greenleaf, Burlington. 
 
 J. H. Goxilding, Rutland. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 (Organized February 12, 1868.) 
 Commander Henry de B. Clay, Hampton. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 S. B. Kenny, Portsmouth. Richard Bond, Portsmouth. 
 
 William N. Eaton, Portsmouth. | W. Henry King, San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Win. H. Appenzeller, Portsmouth. H. Carlisle, Kuoxville, Tenn. 
 
 Wm. Ryder, Portsmouth. P. T. Woodfin, Soldiers Home. 
 
 R. J. Staples, Portsmouth. B. C. Cook, Richmond. 
 
 WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 
 
 (Organized June 20, 1883.) 
 Commander Chas. M. Holtou, North Yakinia. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 F. W. Sparling (provisional), Seattle. Henry A. Morrow, Sidney, Neb. 
 
 Geo. D. Hill, Seattle. A. M. Brooks, Seattle. 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 (Organized September 12, 1868. Reorganized February 20, 1883.) 
 
 Commander John Carliu, Wheeling. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 W. H. H. Flick, Martinsburg. C. B. Smith, Parkersburg. 
 
 t Deceased. 
 
608 
 
 NATIONAL AND DEPARTMENT OFFICERS G. A. R. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 (Organized September, 1866.) 
 
 Commander. . ...... . ; ; ; ; j t t ; . . . . Henry P. Fischer, Milwaukee. 
 
 Past Department Commanders. 
 
 Thos. S. Allen, Oshkosh. 
 
 J. H. Rusk, Madison. 
 
 A. J. McCoy, Kansas City. 
 
 John Hancock, Madison. 
 
 S. F. Hammond, Ashton, Dak. 
 
 Ed. Ferguson, Milwaukee. 
 
 Lucius Fairchild, Madison. 
 
 Geo. A. Hannaford, Milwaukee. 
 Henry G. Rogers, Milwaukee. 
 J. Thomas Griff, Berlin. 
 H. M. Enos, Waukesha. 
 Philip Cheek, Jr., Baraboo. 
 Jas. Davidson, Sparta. 
 
NUMBER OF 
 
 
 
 Regiments, Batteries and Independent Conipanies 
 
 FROM EACH STATE 
 
 MUSTERED INTO SERVICE OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 Cavalry, 2 regiments ; heavy artillery, i regiment ; garrison artillery, 3 compa 
 nies ; light artillery, i battalion of 7 batteries ; infantry, 30 regiments and 6 inde 
 pendent companies. 
 
 Total, 33 regiments, 25 companies, and 7 batteries. 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 
 Cavalry, i regiment; heavy artillery, i regiment; light artillery, i battery; 
 infantn-, 17 regiments, and 14 independent companies. 
 Total, 19 regiments, 4 companies, and i battery. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 Cavalry, i regiment ; heavy artillery, i regiment, and i independent company; 
 light artillery, 3 batteries; infantry, 17 regiments. 
 Total, 19 regiments, i company, and 3 batteries. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Cavalnr, 5 regiments and i battalion, of which i regiment was colored troops ; 
 heavy artillery, 4 regiments and 8 companies ; light artillery, i battalion and 17 bat 
 teries; sharpshooters, 2 companies ; infantry, 68 regiments and 45 independent com 
 panies. 
 
 Total, 77 regiments, 2 battalions, 55 companies, and 17 batteries. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 Cavalry, 3 regiments and 2 independent companies; heavy artillery, 2 regiments; 
 light artillery, i regiment and i battery; infantry, 8 regiments and r independent 
 company. 
 
 Total, 14 regiments, 3 companies, and i battery. 
 
 2 O 609 
 
610 REGIMENTS, BA TTERIES AND COMPANIES. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 Cavalry, i regiment ; heavy artillery, 2 regiments ; light artillery, 3 batteries ; 
 infantry, 27 regiments. 
 
 Total, 30 regiments, and 3 batteries. 
 
 NEW YORK. 
 
 Cavalry, 27 regiments and 10 independent companies; heavy artillery, 13 regi 
 ments ; light artillery, 2 regiments and 35 batteries ; engineers, 4 regiments sharp 
 shooters, 8 companies ; infantry, 348 regiments and 7 independent companies, of 
 which 3 regiments were colored troops. 
 
 Total, 294 regiments, 25 companies, and 35 batteries. 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Cavalry, 3 regiments; light artillery, 5 batteries ; infantry, 38 regiments, and 4 
 independent companies. 
 
 Total, 41 regiments, 4 companies, and 5 batteries. 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Cavalry, 23 regiments and 28 independent companies ; heavy artillery, 3 regi 
 ments and 5 companies ; light artillery, i regiment and 19 batteries; infantry, 227 
 regiments and 6 independent companies, of which 10 regiments were colored troops. 
 
 Total, 254 regiments, 95 companies, and 19 batteries. 
 
 DELAWARE. 
 
 Cavalry, 8 companies ; heavy artillery, i company ; light artillery, i battery; 
 infantry, 9 regiments and 4 independent companies. 
 Total, 9 regiments, 13 companies, and i batte^. 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 Cavalry, 4 regiments and 4 independent companies ; light artillery, 6 batteries ; 
 infantry, 20 regiments and 6 independent companies. 
 Total, 24 regiments, 5 companies, and 6 batteries. 
 
 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 
 
 Cavalry, i regiment and i company; infantry, 2 regiments and 33 companies. 
 Total, 3 regiments and 34 companies. 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 Cavalry, 7 regiments and 2 companies; light artillery, 8 batteries; infantry, 17 
 regiments and 2 companies. 
 
 Total, 24 regiments, 4 companies, and 8 batteries. 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 Infantry, i independent company. 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Cavalry, 2 regiments of mounted infantry; infantry, 2 regiments. 
 Total, 4 regiments. 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 Infantry, 2 companies. 
 
REGIMENTS, BATTERIES AND COMPANIES. till 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 Cavalry, 2 regiments. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 
 Cavalry, i regiment and 5 independent companies. 
 
 MISSISSIPPI. 
 Caralry, 2 companies. 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 
 Cavalry, 2 regiments; infantry, 3 regiments. 
 Total, 5 regiments. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 Cavalry, i regiment and 9 independent companies. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 Cavalry, 4 regiments; light artillery, i batter}-; infantry, 3 regiments and 2 inde 
 pendent companies. 
 
 Total, 7 regiments, 2 companies, and i batter}-. 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 Cavalry and mounted infantry, 21 regiments and 7 independent companies; light 
 artillery, 5 batteries; infantry, 9 regiments. 
 
 Total, 30 regiments, 7 companies, and 5 batteries. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 Cavalry and mounted infantry, 16 regiments and 10 independent companies; 
 light artillery, 7 batteries ; infantry, 45 regiments and i independent company, of 
 which 2 regiments were colored troops. 
 
 Total, 6 1 regiments, n companies, and 7 batteries. 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Cavalry, 13 regiments and 18 independent companies ; heavy artillery, 2 regi 
 ments ; light artillery, i regiment and 27 batteries ; sharpshooters, 3 companies ; 
 infantry, 218 regiments and 8 independent companies, of which 2 were colored 
 regiments. 
 
 Total, 234 regiments, 29 companies, and 27 batteries. 
 
 MICHIGAN. 
 
 Cavalry, 12 regiments and 2 independent companies ; heavy artillery, i regiment; 
 light artillery, i regiment and 1 1 batteries ; engineers, i regiment and i company ; 
 sharpshooters, i regiment and 4 companies ; infantry, 34 regiments and 2 independent 
 companies. 
 
 Total, 50 regiments, 9 companies, and 1 1 batteries. 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 Cavalry, 13 regiments and i independent company; heavy artillery, i regiment ; 
 light artillery, 26 batteries ; infantry, 123 regiments and 16 independent companies. 
 Total, 137 regiments, 17 companies, and 26 batteries. 
 
612 REGIMENTS, BATTERIES AND COMPANIES. 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 Cavalry, 17 regiments ; light artillery, 2 regiments and 8 batteries; infantry, 
 157 regiments and 9 independent companies, of which there was i regiment of colored 
 troops. 
 
 Total, 176 regiments, 9 companies, and 8 batteries. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 Cavalry, 30 regiments and 26 independent companies ; light artillery, 6 batteries ; 
 engineers, i regiment ; infantry, 63 regiments and 20 independent companies. 
 Total, 94 regiments, 46 companies, and 6 batteries. 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 Cavalry, 4 regiments; heavy artillery, i regiment; light artillery, 12 batteries; 
 infantry, 53 regiments. 
 
 Total, 58 regiments and 12 batteries. 
 
 IOWA. 
 
 Cavalry, 9 regiments ; light artillery, 4 batteries ; infantry, 46 regiments, of 
 which i regiment was colored troops. 
 Total, 55 regiments and 4 batteries. 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 Cavalry, 2 regiments and 10 independent companies ; heavy artillery, i regiment; 
 light artillery, 3 batteries ; infantry, n regiments. 
 
 Total, 14 regiments, 10 companies, and 3 batteries. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 Cavalry, 2 regiments and 4 independent companies ; infantry, 8 regiments, and 
 i battalion mountaineers. 
 
 Total, 10 regiments, i battalion, and 4 companies. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 Cavalry, 9 regiments; light artillery, 3 batteries; infantry, 10 regiments and 
 5 independent companies. 
 
 Total, 19 regiments, 5 companies, and 3 batteries. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 Cavalry, i regiment ; infantry, i regiment. 
 Total, 2 regiments. 
 
 NEVADA. 
 
 Cavalry, 6 companies ; infantry, 3 companies 
 Total, 9 companies. 
 
 WASHINGTON TERRITORY. 
 
 Infantry, i regiment. 
 
REGIMENTS, BATTERIES AND COMPANIES. ( ,13 
 
 NEW MEXICO TERRITORY. 
 
 Cavalry, 2 regiments and 5 independent companies ; infantry, 6 regiments and 
 1 1 independent companies. 
 
 Total, 8 regiments and 16 companies. 
 
 NEBRASKA TERRITORY. 
 
 Cavalry, 2 regiments and 4 independent companies ; infantn-, 2 companies. 
 Total, 2 regiments and 6 companies. 
 
 COLORADO TERRITORY. 
 
 Cavalry, 3 regiments ; light artillery, i battery ; infantry, 2 companies. 
 Total, 3 regiments, 2 companies, and i batter} . 
 
 DAKOTA TERRITORY. 
 Cavalry, 2 companies. 
 
 In addition to these organizations from States and Territories there were in the 
 service of the United States : 
 
 UNITED STATES VETERAN VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 
 
 (FIRST ARMY CORPS, HANCOCK.) 
 Engineers, i regiment ; infantry, 9 regiments. 
 Total, 10 regiments. 
 
 UNITED STATES VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 
 Six regiments and i company. 
 
 UNITED STATES COLORED TROOPS. 
 
 There were in all 167 organizations, but 31 of these were included in State 
 organizations, and are therefore omitted in this enumeration. The remainder were 
 distributed among the different branches of the service, as follows : 
 
 Cavalry, 6 regiments ; heavy artillery, 1 1 regiments and 4 independent com 
 panies ; light artillery, 10 batteries ; infantry, 102 regiments and 18 independent 
 companies. 
 
 Total, 119 regiments, 22 companies, 10 batteries. 
 
 VETERAN RESERVE CORPS. 
 
 In this corps there were 24 regiments and 187 independent companies, but they 
 were composed of men credited to volunteer organizations. 
 
 REGULAR ARMY. 
 
 In the Regular Army, or permanent establishment of the militarj- forces, of the 
 United States there were : 
 
 Cavalry, 6 regiments ; artillery, 5 regiments ; infantry, 19 regiments. 
 Total, 30 regiments. 
 
California in the War. 
 
 In the late Civil War California was peculiarly situated. Though the loyalty of 
 the larger portion of the population was unquestioned, there was a condition of affairs 
 entirely different from that of any other State in the Union. The residents were com 
 posed of immigrants from all portions of the United States. They brought with 
 them, very naturally, their local traditions and political prejudices. The children 
 born on the soil had not as yet attained to manhood, and there was, therefore, no 
 influential class entirely disabused of opinions formed by the earlier associations of 
 the Atlantic slope. Men were Northern or Southern in their political views, accord 
 ing as to which section was the place of their birth. There were, it is true, instances 
 in which residents of the Pacific coast, who had been born South, took high patriotic 
 ground in favor of the preservation of the Union, and grand credit did they deserve 
 for this ; but for the truth of history it must be acknowledged that the great majority 
 of the Southern population were strongly on the side of the place of their nativity. 
 Those who were not avowed sympathizers with the secession movement were opposed 
 to any attempt by force of arms to coerce the rebellious States. There was strong 
 talk of an independent Pacific republic, and the reports received by the Administration 
 as to what would be the stand taken by California were so conflicting as to cause 
 great anxiety. General Edwin V. Sutnner, an old officer of the Army and of known 
 loyalty, was hastily and secretly sent from Washington to relieve General Albert 
 Sidney Johnston, who was of Southern birth and affiliations, from command of the 
 Military Division of the Pacific and the command of the Department of California. 
 It is but an act of justice to the memory of a general, who afterwards became very 
 distinguished in the Confederate cause, to say, that no one who knew General Johnston 
 now doubts that, whatever might have been his personal feelings, he would have been 
 true to the flag as long as he retained his commission as an officer of the United 
 States Arm} r . His reputation in the old service w r as that of unquestioned ability, the 
 highest integrity, and the keenest sense of honor. But the times were stormy, and 
 those in authority, realizing the wide-spread disaffection among officers of the army 
 and navy, scarce knew who to trust, and where there was the shadow of a doubt 
 deemed that the occasion demanded prompt action of removal, and entrusting power 
 to those whose fealty was beyond question. 
 
 General Sumner brought with him full authority to raise and equip volunteer 
 regiments, and to place California in a complete state of defense. The ease with 
 which regiments were raised, and the numerous and entlmsiastic Union meetings in all 
 sections of the State soon established the fact that California was overwhelmingly a 
 Union State. 
 
 The officers and men of the California volunteer regiments were all in hopes that 
 they would be sent East to participate in the war. A large majority asserted that, 
 believing there was no fear of an outbreak at home, they had been induced to enlist 
 
 014 
 
CALIFORNIA IN THE WAR. 615 
 
 from this expectation. The officers and men even offered to contribute largely towards 
 the expense of transportation, one notable instance of this, elsewhere also alluded to 
 in the records, is that of Corporal Goldthait, 3d California Infantry, who for this 
 purpose tendered the colonel of his regiment a certified check of five thousand dollars. 
 He was a man of considerable means at the time of his enlistment, which he had done 
 solely for the reason before stated. 
 
 The War Department thought it better policy to keep the California volunteers 
 on duty nearer home. The distance across the plains was so great, and would require 
 such length of time as to place that route out of consideration, and the other by mail 
 steamer to Panama and via the isthmus, involved immense expense for any con 
 siderable body of troops. Besides which the Indians were restless, and in many 
 cases openly hostile ; then, too, the Mormons had to be watched. 
 
 Brigham Young s followers, under his teachings, were all at heart traitors, and 
 it was not doubted, if a favorable opportunity presented itself, would do all the mis 
 chief they could. So the California troops were distributed in Utah and the adjoining 
 territories ; a California column operating in Arizona, New Mexico, and even as far 
 east as Northwestern Texas. They had arduous marches over torrid plains, endured 
 much suffering from exposure, were constantly engaged on scouting parties, and fre 
 quently in Indian fights. Those with the Kiowas and Camanches in Texas, with the 
 Navajoes in New Mexico, the Apaches in Arizona, and the battle at Bear River, are 
 unsurpassed in the annals of Indian warfare. Unlike their Eastern comrades, they 
 had no opportunity to participate in any great battles, but they did their duty, 
 unpleasant though it was, in a soldierly and highly creditable manner. 
 
 A part of the volunteer force was retained in the vicinity of San Francisco, 
 because the forts in the harbor had been stripped of their regular garrisons, who had 
 been sent East to join their respective regiments, and the volunteers were necessary, 
 therefore, to meet any emergency that might arise. 
 
 In addition to the ten regiments, one battalion, and four companies of California vol 
 unteers, there were the California Hundred and Battalion, which went East and became 
 part of the Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac. They participated in over fifty 
 engagements, commencing at South Ana bridge, Va., and ending at Appomattox. There 
 were also many representatives of California in Eastern regiments ; in fact, one regi 
 ment, raised through the exertions of Senator Edward Baker, of Oregon, at Phila 
 delphia, Pa., was largely composed of old Californians, and was generally known as 
 the "First California." Then, too, there is to be remembered the immense contribu 
 tions, counting up into the millions of dollars, sent to the Sanitary Fund from Cali 
 fornia. Altogether, it must be conceded that California did what she could towards 
 assisting in the preservation of the Union. 
 
 These remarks, it is to be hoped, will be considered entirely appropriate in a 
 work which, though containing an account of matters relating generally to affairs of 
 the Grand Army, is also a California book, and its editor desires distant comrades to 
 understand the peculiar situation in which they were placed, and the services of the 
 California volunteers. 
 
INDEX 
 
 TO 
 
 Records of Members of the G. A. R. 
 
 Abbott, Cyrus H 218 
 
 Abbott, E. K 367 
 
 Adams, John G. B 502 ! 
 
 Adams, Silas P 472 
 
 Adolph, Charles 192 
 
 Aldrich, James H. , 347 j 
 
 Alexander, William R 189 
 
 Alice, Abraham 268 
 
 Allen, Francis M 324 
 
 Allen, W. I 494 
 
 Allen, E. Livingston 517 
 
 Allen, Truman H 527 
 
 Allison, Hugh J 436 
 
 Alverson, David B 552 
 
 Amerman, J. B 480 
 
 Ames, Albert N 270 
 
 Anderson, Henry H 256 
 
 Anderson, Marion T 310 
 
 Andrews, Jerome A 543 
 
 Archibald, James 269 
 
 Argo, Solomon D 390 
 
 Armeiit, William H 378 
 
 Armstrong, George 292 
 
 Armstrong, Henry 184 
 
 Armstrong, William 236 
 
 Arnold, Pelig B 159 
 
 Arnold, W. H 173 
 
 Ash, Ferdinand . 503 
 
 Ashbaugh, George G 436 
 
 Astholz, Henry A 353 
 
 Atwood, Thomas A 261 
 
 Avery, Charles N 396 
 
 Bailey, Mahlon G 253 
 
 Baker, Joseph E 290 
 
 Baker, John 394 
 
 Baldwin, George E 438 
 
 Baldwin, J. E. D 350 
 
 Bane, Moses M 242 
 
 Bangs, Isaac Sparrow 284 
 
 Banning, Granville W 336 
 
 Barber, Rio D 188 
 
 Barbero. John 380 
 
 Barbour, Joseph Henry 532 
 
 Barker, Silas 348 
 
 Barnett, William P 337 
 
 Barnes, Charles T 518 
 
 Barry, James 169 
 
 Bartch, Frederick 376 
 
 Barton, Theodore Ayeoult 162 
 
 Beach, Edwin C 232 
 
 Beath, Robert B 289 
 
 Beal, George Lafayette 449 
 
 Bell, Horace 227 
 
 Benedict, Lafayette 388 
 
 Bennett, Thomas W 524 
 
 Benjamin, Charles W 513 
 
 Bent, Charles 224 
 
 Bently, George W 251 
 
 Bernard, Fred H 411 
 
 Best, John 394 
 
 Beals, William E 269 
 
 Bellamy, Benson Clarke 291 
 
 Berry, John G 302 
 
 Bicknell, F. D 372 
 
 Bicknell, F. T 442 
 
 Billings, John D 506 
 
 Birdsall, Samuel T 518 
 
 Bishop, Walter N 222 
 
 Bivins, B. F 219 
 
 Bixby, H. H 216 
 
 Bixby, Levi R 541 
 
 Blake, Charles Morris 404 
 
 Blanchard, Arza C 379 
 
 Blanchard, Henry R 444 
 
 Blackburn, Jacob 217 
 
 Blackmor, Nathan L 328 
 
 Bliffins, Thomas E 553 
 
 Blinn, Charles H 345 
 
 Blythe, Smith Green 282 
 
 Bohn, Ahimaii V 298 
 
 Boles, Thomas 271 
 
 Bonnell, John C 531 
 
 Boone, John L 510 
 
 Booth, Lucius M 364 
 
 Bowers, Stephen 330 
 
 Boyd, William S 235 
 
 Boyeiiton, J. W 313 
 
 Brackett, Albert Gallatin 473 
 
 Brackett, Joseph W 535 
 
 Brady, John T 501 
 
 Bradley, W. R 451 
 
 Bragg, Albert L 294 
 
 Branch, William 164 
 
 Brandt, Frederick 463 
 
 Brannan, Benjamin F 254 
 
 Braids, John 375 
 
 Brickett, Charles H 432 
 
 Briggs, George N 201 
 
 Briley, Samuel 366 
 
 Brooks, Elisha 552 
 
 Brown, Charles Clinton 342 
 
 Brown, Charles Coffin 264 
 
 Brown, George L 275 
 
 61G 
 
INDEX TO RECORDS OF MEMBERS G. A. R. 
 
 617 
 
 Brown, John Arthur 362 
 
 Brown, Louis P 528 
 
 Brown, Nathaniel B 384 
 
 Brown, W. J 171 
 
 Brown, William Harvey 158 
 
 Brower, Henry J. . 488 
 
 Bryant, Samuel Arthur 548 
 
 Buckles, A. J 182 
 
 Burdett, Samuel Swinfin 529 
 
 Burger, John C. S 305 
 
 Burgess, M. D 254 
 
 Burke, Bartemas 507 
 
 Burke, Jerome B 493 
 
 Burnett, William T 365 
 
 Burst, John W 547 
 
 Buskirk, J. S 349 
 
 Butterfield, Augustus 247 
 
 By water, Wilfred 482 
 
 Caldwell, Henry W 387 
 
 Cameron, John 507 
 
 Campbell, Murdock 445 
 
 Cannon, Edward M 427 
 
 Carey, Charles May 375 
 
 Carson, Erskine 400 
 
 Carter, A. C 299 
 
 Carter, Wm. B. A 410 
 
 Carrington, Joseph H 297 
 
 Carlin, John 432 
 
 Carman, William E 538 
 
 Carson, Nathaniel R 548 
 
 Case, Cyrus C 425 
 
 Case, James H . . 351 
 
 Casey, E. B 544 
 
 Cashin, DeArcy M 458 
 
 Castle, Henry A 190 
 
 Catlett, Milton S 299 
 
 Caukin, Garvin E 542 
 
 Chadeayne, David F ^01 
 
 Charles, E. W 160 
 
 Charles, Oliver P 543 
 
 Charnock, Charles 380 
 
 Cheek, Philip, Jr 300 
 
 Chever, Edward English 492 
 
 Childs, George T 281 
 
 Chipman, Norton P 517 
 
 Christman, Henry 376 
 
 Clancey, Peter 223 
 
 Clark, Alpha 410 
 
 Clark, Charles Asa 416 
 
 Clark, Charles H 442 
 
 Clark, David 225 
 
 Clark, Michael C 497 
 
 Clark, Zerah P 491 
 
 Clay, Henry DeB 379 
 
 Cleveland, Louis C 368 
 
 Cochen, Fred 397 
 
 Cochrane, Adam H 323 
 
 Coffey, H. R 472 
 
 Cohen, George 181 
 
 Cole, Albert V 232 
 
 Cole, Truman W 341 
 
 Colernan, H. G 444 
 
 Coleman, D. C 507 
 
 Collis, Marcus M 493 
 
 Comfort, Joseph 412 
 
 Conder, Shadrack B. A 
 
 Condy, Richard 
 
 Condy, William 
 
 Conger, Arthur L 
 
 Connor, Patrick Edward . . . 
 
 Connor, Seldeu 
 
 Conterno, Oltario D 
 
 Corliss, Stephen P. 
 
 Corson, Moses Silvester. . . . 
 
 Cory, Aaron 
 
 Costello, John 
 
 Costello, Michael 
 
 Coulter, Thomas B 
 
 Crary, B. F 
 
 Creasey, George W 
 
 Cromer, Joseph 
 
 Cronk, Daniel 
 
 Cuddebeck, Dewitt C 
 
 Cudner, A. A 
 
 Culver, Frank B 
 
 Currier, George M 
 
 Curtis, J. B 
 
 Cushrnan, Austin Sprague.. 
 
 294 
 1 68 
 177 
 513 
 353 
 549 
 340 
 530 
 324 
 231 
 367 
 270 
 
 475 
 426 
 236 
 287 
 54i 
 540 
 508 
 486 
 
 195 
 506 
 203 
 
 Dalrymple, George Washington : . 205 
 
 Daly, John S 295 
 
 Darumon, Stephen D 317 
 
 Dana, John Peterson 183 
 
 Dassouville, A. A 348 
 
 Davis, Daniel Mack 160 
 
 Davis, De John B 395 
 
 Davis, J. W 347 
 
 Davis, James M 509 
 
 Davis, William B 303 
 
 Davidson, Alonzo S 4 2 4 
 
 Davidson, Robert Morton 293 
 
 Day, Deming W. H 365 
 
 Dearborn, H. S.. 368 
 
 De Bord, George W 39 1 
 
 Deck, John W 372 
 
 De Lacy, William L J 73 
 
 Delehanty, John 45^> 
 
 Dennis, John B 230 
 
 Depeubrack, Bennett 4 6 
 
 De Turk, J. G 254 
 
 Devens, Charles 181 
 
 Diamond, Constaiitiue 182 
 
 Dickerson, Livingston 220 
 
 Dickinson, Ashbury S 252 
 
 Dimond, W. H 55 1 
 
 Dixon, John C 35 
 
 Dixon, William H 437 
 
 Dodds, Joseph V 46 r 
 
 Dodge, McKendree N 465 
 
 Doe, Charles Henry 37 
 
 Doherty , Philip 35 2 
 
 Donnelly, Edward 3 22 
 
 Drew, Harvey L. 35$ 
 
 Drexler, Henry Otto 265 
 
 Dreyfus, Abraham 362 
 
 Dry, Josiah P 233 
 
 Dudley, Albert Hanley 200 
 
 Dudley, William Wade 267 
 
 Duffy, C. J 245 
 
 Dunegan, Thomas Marshall 249 
 
 Duntou, George M 346 
 
618 
 
 INDEX TO RECORDS OF MEMBERS 
 
 Durett, Lewis 191 
 
 Eaton, Charles 242 
 
 Ebbinger, Lewis 331 
 
 Eddy, Frank Marshall 207 
 
 Eddy, George 480 
 
 Edmonds, Charles H 325 
 
 Edwards, John G. . 470 
 
 Egbert, Marion D 258 
 
 Elliott, Robert P 380 
 
 Estabrook, Alfred 269 
 
 Estes, Laniont W 304 
 
 Evans, George S 302 
 
 Evans, James L 159 
 
 Everhart, Benjamin F 318 
 
 Ewing, James A 511 j 
 
 Ewing, Thomas J 284 
 
 Fairchild, Lucius 278 
 
 Falls, R. J 539 
 
 Fancher, M. J 291 
 
 Farley, Joseph R 342 j 
 
 Farley, Eben C 229 j 
 
 Farley, William D 342 
 
 Fay, Hamilton 1 79 
 
 Fell, Timothy 387 j 
 
 Ficks, George W 393 
 
 Fielder, George B 441 I 
 
 Finney, James C 246 | 
 
 Fisher, Albert W 482 
 
 Fisher, George S 275 
 
 Fitzsimmons, Charles 512 
 
 Fletcher, Abner W 194 
 
 Flory, Manasses Monroe 422 
 
 Flvnn, Patrick 240 j 
 
 Folk, William 346 j 
 
 Forrester, James D 399 ! 
 
 Foster, B. F 160 . 
 
 Foster, Everett W 301 ! 
 
 Fox, George Willard 489 i 
 
 Frary, Franklin G 200 
 
 Fraser, James Primrose, Jr 247 
 
 F razee, Robert S 433 
 
 Frey, Alexander 277 
 
 Frey, Edward S 193 
 
 Frederick, Aaron 373 
 
 Freese, Charles J 518 
 
 Fritsch, Jacob 163 
 
 Frierson, John R 212 
 
 Friend, John C 300 
 
 Frost, Eli 474 
 
 Frost, M. O 440 
 
 Fuller, M. A 216 
 
 Funk, Benjamin F 376 
 
 Garrison, Francis M 399 
 
 Garner, William B 434 
 
 Gates, Messenger Everett. . 344 
 
 Gates, William K 431 
 
 Gaynor, Patrick 169 
 
 Geer, Henry F 378 
 
 German, Daniel 246 
 
 Gibson, Henry R 216 
 
 Gilbert, William Henry ... 356 
 
 Givin, Samuel Irwin 226 
 
 Gobin, John P. S 526 
 
 Goodrue, Felix 443 
 
 Gordon, Aaron 378 
 
 Gorley, H. A 467 
 
 Gould, Guy T 165 
 
 Grant, Ulysses Simpson 545 
 
 Grattan, Christopher 157 
 
 Graves, Sewell F 491 
 
 Greaves, David 368 
 
 Gregory, Thomas 166 
 
 Greene, Henry A 218 
 
 Green, Marvin W 487 
 
 Greenfield, Milo G 267 
 
 Griffith, Benjamin A 393 
 
 Griffith, William Emmor 223 
 
 Griswold, Loyal D 369 
 
 Griffin, Robert 405 
 
 Grow, Ambrose 282 
 
 Grosvenor, Charles Henry 504 
 
 Grosvenor, Daniel A 535 
 
 Gunter, Hinson 459 
 
 Gurrard, Charles 373 
 
 Guthrie, Harrison H , 423 
 
 Hackney, John 375 
 
 Hadley, Horace L 364 
 
 Hagan, Martin 312 
 
 Hale, Hiel 400 
 
 Hall, Joseph Charles 531 
 
 Hamilton, Ezra M 457 
 
 Hamlin, Norman Scott 483 
 
 Hanson, George W 414 
 
 Hanson, Henry W 471 
 
 Handlin, Joseph J 268 
 
 Hardembergh, James R 426 
 
 Hardin, Daniel H 351 
 
 Hare, M. B 308 
 
 Hargesheinier, Gustavus 188 
 
 Hardesty, A. G 509 
 
 Hargrave, H 207 
 
 Harney, Henry M 449 
 
 Hammell, John F 344 
 
 Harris, Benjamin W 163 
 
 Harris, George L 516 
 
 Harrison, Joseph W 225 
 
 Hart, Albert 444 
 
 Hart, Samuel L 329 
 
 Hartman, George W 244 
 
 Hartranft, John F 520 
 
 Hartzoke, John 176 
 
 Harvey, Andrew W 276 
 
 Haskell, Thomas H 431 
 
 Hatch, Willard 450 
 
 Hathorn, Ransom E 374 
 
 Hauswirth, Simon 180 
 
 Hawkins, George W. 389 
 
 Hawkins, M 506 
 
 Hayes, Benjamin 542 
 
 Hayes, Cameron 472 
 
 Hayes, Rutherford B 515 
 
 Healy, James J 311 
 
 Heck, Victor 165 
 
 Hedges, John S 396 
 
 Heilferty, Robert S 451 
 
 Henderson, Thomas H 390 
 
 Henery, Samuel 468 
 
 Hennegin, David 409 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 
 
 (519 
 
 Hersey, John W 509 
 
 Hettrick, Charles 482 
 
 Hicks, Henry George 258 
 
 Hieuds, John H . . 338 
 
 Higgins, John. 321 
 
 Hill, Herbert E 551 
 
 Hitchcock, C. N 327 
 
 Hoagland, H. V 187 
 
 Hodgson, Woodard 462 
 
 Hofers, E 476 
 
 Hogan, Michael 443 
 
 Holconib, Olie W 229 
 
 Hollywood, Andrew 235 
 
 Holnian, Herman C 319 
 
 Holmes, Walter H 494 
 
 Holscher, Frank H 365 
 
 Holton, Charles Myron 226 
 
 Hopkins, A. S 305 
 
 Horlacher, Frederick 172 
 
 Home, Charles H 164 
 
 Houghton, Charles H 540 
 
 Howard, James W 212 
 
 Howard, Oliver O 549 
 
 Howe, Thomas H 462 
 
 Howell, Joshua W 208 
 
 Hubbard, Charles G 488 
 
 Hubbard, Cyrus H 177 
 
 Hubbard, Henry F 415 
 
 Hubbard, Lucius F 332 
 
 Huebschman, John B 308 
 
 Huencke, Robert 260 
 
 Hull, Charles T 43 
 
 Hull, O. H 366 
 
 Hume, Andrew Jackson 200 
 
 Humer, John S 540 
 
 Hunter, Jacob M 201 
 
 Hutchins, Edward R 359 
 
 Hutchinson, Robert .... 443 
 
 Hutchinson, William F 204 
 
 Hyde, Joseph 495 
 
 Hyde, William C 187 
 
 Hyzer, Joseph H 393 
 
 Iliff, William J 395 
 
 Ingram, Charles H 501 
 
 Isaacs, Alfred Solomon 464 
 
 Ivory, John Augustine 208 
 
 Jackson, John A 408 
 
 Jardine, Edward 1 70 
 
 Jenkins, James E 519 
 
 Jenkins, Joseph P 222 
 
 Johnson, Edward P 382 
 
 Johnson, George W 553 
 
 Johnson, R. S 538 
 
 Johnson, Warren L 263 
 
 Johnson, Wilhelm 166 
 
 Johnston, .Francis H 283 
 
 Jones, Leon E 529 
 
 Jones, Preutiss M 524 
 
 Jordan, Elmer C 277 
 
 Jordan, John C 47 l 
 
 Keagle, C. H 183 
 
 Keehn, Harry 457 
 
 Keeler, Julius M 437 
 
 Keifer, J. Warren 525 
 
 Kendall, Thomas Converse 485 
 
 Kerlin, Guinter X 282 
 
 Keyes, Henry M 392 
 
 Kidder, Clement W 373 
 
 Kiefer, Daniel 215 
 
 Kimball, Charles Bradbury 198 
 
 Kimball, John W 500 
 
 King, George W 552 
 
 Kingston, Samuel 402 
 
 Kingsbury, Selden R 271 
 
 Kinue, C. Mason 527 
 
 Kirkpatrick, Charles A 424 
 
 Knagi, Fred 362 
 
 Knight, Henry 251 
 
 Knox, Samuel B. P 318 
 
 Koster, Frederick 266 
 
 Kountz, John S 466 
 
 Kuhnle, Jacob 538 
 
 Kutz, Samuel 333 
 
 Laage, William J. F 525 
 
 La Forge, Peter 171 
 
 Lamb, Frank Henry 511 
 
 Lane, Isaac R 357 
 
 Lane, Samuel W , 314 
 
 Langmade, Andrew J 361 
 
 Lashbrooks, Eli M 465 
 
 Laux, Carl, Jr 455 
 
 Laws, William 164 
 
 Lawson, James E 49 
 
 Le Chevallier, Francis 420 
 
 Lee, George Pierce 45 2 
 
 Lee, George W 454 
 
 Lee, George Washington 243 
 
 Lee, \Villiam L 488 
 
 Lewis, John R 55 
 
 Libben, John Henry 195 
 
 Lillie, Gilbert B 377 
 
 Lindner, Frederick 346 
 
 Lindsey, James Wilson 356 
 
 Linnell, H. H 38 
 
 Linscott, James A 483 
 
 Lissenden, (leorge 5 2 
 
 Littlefield, L. B 263 
 
 Livingstone, Charles W 262 
 
 Lochhead, Oscar F 297 
 
 Logan, I. V. B 162 
 
 Logan, John A 5 T 5 
 
 Lombard, John Edwin 255 
 
 Long, Jaspar Perry 3 2 & 
 
 Lonigan, George J 8o 
 
 Loomis, H. B 163 
 
 Lord, James H 47 
 
 Loring, F. H 547 
 
 Loucks, Garrett D 525 
 
 London, William 184 
 
 Luce, Moses A 178 
 
 Ludwick, E. A 423 
 
 Ltiitwieler, Samuel W 480 
 
 Lunt, Amos 4&3 
 
 Lyman, Sereno B 244 
 
 Lyon, Elrnore C 186 
 
 Lyon, James J 53^ 
 
 Lyon, Jehu J 433 
 
 Lyon, John L 49 
 
020 
 
 INDEX TO RECORDS OF MEMBERS 
 
 Maly, Winslow 456 
 
 Mac-Murphy, John A 398 
 
 Madsen, B. 1 189 
 
 Madson, B. J 392 
 
 Maguire, Andrew K 199 
 
 Mallou, John H 319 
 
 Manchester, Lnman A 220 
 
 Mann, Samuel B 415 
 
 Mann, Wesley Smith 377 
 
 Mantien, William P 414 
 
 Martin, George W. 403 
 
 Martindale, Albert 445 
 
 Marshall, Joseph G 25 1 
 
 Mason, William E 532 
 
 Mather, John S 257 
 
 Matteson, Charles Franklin 476 
 
 Maydwell, William B 336 
 
 McBride, William 479 
 
 McCarty, Jerome N 288 
 
 McCasey, John 382 
 
 McChesney, John B 412 
 
 McCoy, Charles E 238 
 
 McCoy, Harrison 468 
 
 McCoy, Nelson A 337 
 
 McCormick, A. W 425 
 
 McCormick, Isaiah H 391 
 
 McConnell, Robert 364 
 
 McCnllongh, Jethro T 304 
 
 McCumber, Thomas C 442 
 
 McDonald, Duncan H 303 
 
 McDonald, James 174 
 
 McElroy, William 523 
 
 McGrath, Thomas F 320 
 
 McHenry, William A 401 
 
 Mcjunkin, Hugh King 245 
 
 McKeag, William H 452 
 
 McKearney, L 273 
 
 McKinney, Erastus Root 340 
 
 McLean, Alfred A 385 
 
 McMahon, Andrew K 391 
 
 McPhee, Francis 477 
 
 McPherson, James K 181 
 
 Mead, John H 320 
 
 Measure, John H 303 
 
 Medley, John C 497 
 
 Mellus, Nathaniel S 172 
 
 Mendel, Jacob 445 
 
 Merrill, Frank A 472 
 
 Merrill, Frank H 441 
 
 Merrill, George S 461 
 
 Merriam, Charles E 479 
 
 Mewhinney, John 502 
 
 Meyer, Charles F 431 
 
 Mills, William E 337 
 
 Miller, Edward G 214 
 
 Miller, Frank 528 
 
 Miller, Jacob 478 
 
 Miller, Jerome 366 
 
 Mitchell, George W 447 
 
 Mix, C. H.... 388 
 
 Moloughney, Patrick 252 
 
 Montgomery, Frank P 255 
 
 Moody, Horace 256 
 
 Moore, Harry 335 
 
 Moore, John N 334 
 
 Moore, William 478 
 
 Morris, Cornelius R 439 
 
 Morris, Peter 177 
 
 Morrison, James W 175 
 
 Morrison, Joseph 386 
 
 Morrow, Thomas Zantziuger 221 
 
 Mosher, L,. E 383 
 
 Mouriquand, J. Peter D 245 
 
 Muffly, Joseph W 428 
 
 Mullins, Henry B 460 
 
 Mundt, A. H 371 
 
 Myrick, George W 409 
 
 Nattiuger, Lyman L,eith 157 
 
 Naughton, Edward 455 
 
 Needham, Arnold T 167 
 
 Needham, William Conklin 249 
 
 Nelson, David B 202 
 
 Newman, W. S 541 
 
 Nile, Nathaniel B 554 
 
 Ninas, Emil F 248 
 
 Norgrove, John 377 
 
 Norton, Gould H 214 
 
 Nye, William H 240 
 
 Oates, James 298 
 
 Odell, William Shields 260 
 
 Oeckel, Charles 280 
 
 Ogden, Tully A 185 
 
 O Grady, Martin 272 
 
 O Grady, William L. D 503 
 
 Oliver, Joseph Campbell 261 
 
 O Neall, Joseph W 206 
 
 Orr, Charles A 548 
 
 Osborn, Benjamin A 514 
 
 Osborn, John 352 
 
 Osier, Charles 244 
 
 Otis, George H 409 
 
 Otto, T 186 
 
 Ousley, George W 481 
 
 Ousterhout, Jeremiah D 428 
 
 Owens, Joseph M 175 
 
 Pabor, Isaac 381 
 
 Page, Henry 429 
 
 Palen, Peter E 389 
 
 Palmer, Henry E 209 
 
 Palmer, John 217 
 
 Palmer, Perry 412 
 
 Pansy, Nicholas 444 
 
 Parks, Orriu L 348 
 
 Park, Charles Otis 222 
 
 Parker, Aaron 1 83 
 
 Parsons, William 47 1 
 
 Patch, George H 506 
 
 Peard, John J 420 
 
 Pearson, J. B 414 
 
 Peck, Clark 313 
 
 Peck, George B., Jr 360 
 
 Peck, T. S 306 
 
 Peckhani, Joshua 309 
 
 Pedlar, Rudolph 295 
 
 Perry, Peter 511 
 
 Peters, W. S 1 92 
 
 Peterson, Charles Hiner 407 
 
 Pettis, George Henry 250 
 
 Pettitt, James 460 
 
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 
 
 62 L 
 
 Phifer, Jacob J 319 
 
 Phillips, Roswell O. P 376 
 
 Pieper, John A. F 170 
 
 Pierce, George W. S 430 
 
 Pierce, Warren H 209 
 
 Pierce, William H 554 
 
 Pike, Edward M 528 
 
 Porter, David D 521 
 
 Post, Philip Sidney 286 
 
 Potter, John D 428 
 
 Powers, George H 439 
 
 Prentiss, Alonzo T 402 
 
 Prescott, George Henry 464 
 
 Presson, Reuben B 253 
 
 Price, Daniel 257 
 
 Prior, James 453 
 
 Purdy, Theodore V 492 
 
 Putnam, George A 283 
 
 Ouigley, William J 315 
 
 Quinn, George F 422 
 
 Ralston, Clark 264 
 
 Rawlings, Benjamin W 274 
 
 Rea, Francis 363 
 
 Rea, John Patterson 296 
 
 Rector, Edwin 158 
 
 Reddy, William C 285 
 
 Reed, Horra William 343 
 
 Reid, Robert King 176 
 
 Renfro, John G 491 
 
 Repholt, Theodore 241 
 
 Reynolds, John A 516 
 
 Reynerson, Jacob 501 
 
 Rhodes, B. J 196 
 
 Rice, Judson 328 
 
 Richardson, A. H. G 513 
 
 Richmond, Hiram Hoyt 221 
 
 Riggen, John Alexander 413 
 
 Robarts, Orlando Parry 436 
 
 Roberts, William H 186 
 
 Robinson, John C 526 
 
 Rochat, Louis 359 
 
 Rodriguez, Jose M 288 
 
 Rogers, Horatio 470 
 
 Rogers, William F 533 
 
 Rogers, William R 374 
 
 Rolisou, Lewis T 296 
 
 Rosecrans, William Starke 202 
 
 Ross, Ichabod 501 
 
 Ross", Marcellus 248 
 
 Ross, William E. W 175 
 
 Roth, Hillarous 433 
 
 Royce, Charles C 292 
 
 Royce, Clark E 5 J 9 
 
 Rudolph, August 330 
 
 Runnels, Vitalis S 241 
 
 Russell, Edward K 185 
 
 Russell, John H 249 
 
 Saddlemire, Denson C 526 
 
 Salomon, Edward S 495 
 
 Sampson, Samuel 498 
 
 Sampson, William 411 
 
 Savage, James Woodruff 512 
 
 Sawyer, Elbert Henry 441 
 
 Savers, Henry C 279 
 
 Sayles, Joseph 1 533 
 
 Schell, Herrick R 37! 
 
 Schuetz, Steven 173 
 
 Scott, Edward 168 
 
 Sears, George C 514 
 
 Sebrey, Frank 530 
 
 Secord, James K 309 
 
 Sefton, Anthony W 35! 
 
 Sells, Elijah 533 
 
 Sessions, Milan H 19! 
 
 Severens, Jesse D 180 
 
 Shafer, Austin C 455 
 
 Shanafelt, Thomas M 239 
 
 Shankliu, William B 273 
 
 Shaw, Ira C 339 
 
 Shaw, James Knox Polk 331 
 
 Shaw, Sydney F 439 
 
 Shea, Daniel 355 
 
 Sheldon, A. P 487 
 
 Sheridan, Philip H 534 
 
 Sherman, William Tecumseh 417 
 
 Sherwood, Isaac R 237 
 
 Shirland, PMmond D 333 
 
 Shoemaker, J. J . . . . 174 
 
 Shreve, Thomas J 325 
 
 Sickles, Daniel E 543 
 
 Simon, Joseph 166 
 
 Simmons, W. T 331 
 
 Skidmore, Thomas B 497 
 
 Slawson, Randolph E 299 
 
 Slocum, Henry E 413 
 
 Slocum, Henry W 544 
 
 Smedberg, William Reuwick 210 
 
 Smelser, John R 335 
 
 Smith, David A 336 
 
 Smith, David P 451 
 
 Smith, Edward A 437 
 
 Smith, Edward H 361 
 
 Smith, Francis M 395 
 
 Smith, Frank A 344 
 
 Smith, George L 479 
 
 Smith, Hanse H 383 
 
 Smith, John W 337 
 
 Smith, Ransford 190 
 
 Smelling, John A 304 
 
 Snyder, Henry T 417 
 
 Spalsbury, Edgar 523 
 
 Spellman, A. G 385 
 
 Spencer, J. C. M 172 
 
 Sperry, J. Austin 184 
 
 Spinney, Robert M 386 
 
 Spohr, H. M 503 
 
 Sprague, Frank Harris 498 
 
 Staples, James W 486 
 
 Starkhouse, Herbert R 465 
 
 Starkweather, Perry 307 
 
 Steedruan, James B" 496 
 
 Stephens, J. W 196 
 
 Stephens, William L 514 
 
 Stevens, Abram R 276 
 
 Stevens, John B 317 
 
 Stewart, Lemuel H 508 
 
 Stewart, George Washington 231 
 
 Stickle, Griffin 381 
 
 Still, John Wesley 4.59 
 
INDEX TO RECORDS OF MEMBERS G. A. R. 
 
 Stillwell, George F 539 
 
 Stockwell, Americus V 159 
 
 Stone, Israel W ". ] 99 
 
 vStone, Henry J 488 
 
 Stoneman, George 469 
 
 Stout, John C 287 
 
 Stover, E. S 477 
 
 Stuart, Absalom B 498 
 
 Sullivan, Jeremiah 475 
 
 Summons, James B. 1,0 veil 179 
 
 Surles, William H 553 
 
 Sutherland, W. F 334 
 
 Sutphen, C. T 327 
 
 Swain, Edgar Deuman 274 
 
 Swallow, John P 293 
 
 Swaysgood, J. W 487 
 
 Sylvester, Wiir. H 449 
 
 Tabor, Isaac 168 
 
 Talcott, Harvey D 438 
 
 Tambling, V. A 468 
 
 Tanner, James 523 
 
 Taylor, John 508 
 
 Taylor, Stuart 446 
 
 Taylor, Thomas S 512 
 
 Taylor, William Edwin 484 
 
 Teeple, W. D 315 
 
 Tendge, John 374 
 
 Terrell, William Jones 500 
 
 Terrill, J. Newton 192 
 
 Thomas, David 171 
 
 Thomas, H. 403 
 
 Thomas, Orion T 401 
 
 Thomas Richard P 499 
 
 Thompson, Charles R 533 
 
 Thompson, Hiram P 329 
 
 Thompson, John 478 
 
 Thompson, James Danforth 234 
 
 Thompson, Moses H 343 
 
 Thornburg, Isaac A 398 
 
 Thornburg, William H 450 
 
 Thome, William S 335 
 
 Thorpe, David N 265 
 
 Tibbitts, George W 339 
 
 Tobias, John Milton 259 
 
 Todd, Henry H 405 
 
 Tomaseck, Joseph 238 
 
 Toole, Thomas J 450 
 
 Tracy, Franklin G 259 
 
 Trammell, J. J 454 
 
 Travis, William 191 
 
 Tread well, Geo. Hooker 196 
 
 Tripp, Daniel D 1 63 
 
 Troxell, Franklin C 347 
 
 Turner, George M 469 
 
 Tyson, Wm. W 228 
 
 Uhden, Henry J 493 
 
 Umbarger, Austin F 334 
 
 Underwood, Adin B 542 
 
 Upton, John 219 
 
 Van Der Voort, Paul , 357 
 
 Van I lorne, James W 453 i 
 
 Vanosdol, Argos D 510 
 
 Vaughn, Edward 341 \ 
 
 Vaughn, Walter W 164 
 
 Veoii, Andrew E 161 
 
 Vernon, G. W. F 367 
 
 Vincent, O. B 167 
 
 Von Meyerhoff, C 490 
 
 Voorhis, Aurelius S 197 
 
 Vredenburgh, Thomas D 288 
 
 Wade, William P 381 
 
 Wagner, Louis 434 
 
 Walker, George A 285 
 
 Walker, James F 369 
 
 Walkiushaw, Joseph C 370 
 
 Wallace, Joseph M 273 
 
 Ward, Philip 475 
 
 Wardleigh, H. C 400 
 
 Warfield, R. H 421 
 
 W r arner, George A 295 
 
 Warren, Charles F 383 
 
 Warren, Charles S 205 
 
 W 7 atson, Willis H 530 
 
 Weamer, Israel R 521 
 
 Weaver, Edward M 408 
 
 Weaver, Lerov B 481 
 
 \Vebb, M. S 170 
 
 Weber, F. H. L 321 
 
 Wells, Henry C 481 
 
 Wells, HowaVd W 537 
 
 Wells, Joseph P 389 
 
 West, Peter 246 
 
 Wheat, Felix M 193 
 
 Wheeler, Stephen 504 
 
 White, William H 169 
 
 White, James B 250 
 
 Whitefield, Rogoald E 474 
 
 Whitman, Benjamin F 280 
 
 Whitney, Edmund C 193 
 
 Whitney, John D 248 
 
 Whitney, John J 427 
 
 Whittemore, James Bayard 447 
 
 Whittum, Stephen Chace 413 
 
 Wickham, George R 345 
 
 Wilburn, James P 326 
 
 Williams, David 384 
 
 Williams, Ebeuezer 166 
 
 Wilson, Albion P 363 
 
 Wilson, Charles Edward 456 
 
 Wilson,. Japhet 285 
 
 Winans, James L, 542 
 
 Winchell, Heman P 289 
 
 Winkleman, William H 272 
 
 Winter, F 483 
 
 Wise, P. V 266 
 
 Wood, Amos A 453 
 
 Wood, Benjamin F 520 
 
 Woods, John L., Jr 29 1 
 
 Worcester, H. B 256 
 
 Worthen, George W 475 
 
 Wright, James R 321 
 
 Wright, William Henry 435 
 
 Wythe, Joseph H 349 
 
 York, A. S 1 74 
 
 Young, Carlos George 363 
 
 Young, Charles L 316 
 
 Young, Eleazer J 463 
 
INDEX TO CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 ARMY OF THE POTOMAC 32-42 
 
 ADJUTANT-GENERAL S REPORT 76 
 
 ADJOURNMENT 155 
 
 BUSINESS SESSION OF TWENTIETH NATIONAL ENCAMPMENT 57- 155 
 
 S. S. Burdett, Conimander-in-Chief Address 57~75 
 
 Reports 58 
 
 Membership - 58 
 
 Suspended and Dropped Members 58-59-60 
 
 Finances 60 
 
 Charity and Relief Fund 60-61 
 
 Departments 61 
 
 Badges 61-62-63 
 
 Omitted Corps Marks, New Designs 63-64 
 
 Official Decisions 64-65-66 
 
 Official Visits 66-67 
 
 Women s Relief Corps 67-68 
 
 Sons of Veterans 68 
 
 Veterans Rights Union 68-69 
 
 Pensions 69-70-71 
 
 Memorial Day 71-72, 81-82 
 
 Memoriam 72-73 
 
 Grant Memorial Fund 73~74 
 
 CALIFORNIA IN THE WAR 614-615 
 
 CASES UNDER ADVISEMENT 115-116 
 
 COMMITTEE ON ADDRESS OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF 95-96 
 
 COMMITTEE ON ADJUTANT-GENERAL S REPORT 114 
 
 COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS 79 
 
 COMMITTEE ON JUDGE-ADVOCATE-GENERAL S REPORT , 115 
 
 COMMITTEE ON PENSIONS 101-102 
 
 COMMITTEE ON QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL S REPORT 100-101 
 
 COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS 99, 116, 149-150 
 
 COMMITTEE ON RULES AND REGULATIONS 79-85, i4 2 - r 43-i44-i45 
 
 Department Council of Administration 80 
 
 Meetings of the National Encampment 80 
 
 Adjournment 80 
 
 Application for Membership 81 
 
 Past Quartermaster 82 
 
 Tactics 82 
 
 Arrearages 82-83-84 
 
 Past Officers 84-85 
 
 COMMITTEES OF THE ENCAMPMENT 75-76 
 
 COMMUNICATIONS 77~7^ 
 
 ELECTION OF OFFICERS ^S- SS 
 
 Conimander-in-Chief 135-142 
 
 Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief 145-146 
 
 Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief 146-147-148-149 
 
 Surgeon-General 151-152 
 
 Chaplain-in-Chief i52-i53-i54-i55 
 
 National Council of Administration 155 
 
 HISTORY OF ARMY CORPS AND BADGES 591-598 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC 6-16 
 
 623 
 
624 
 
 INDEX TO SPEECHES AND ADDRESSES. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR 555-582 
 
 MINORITY REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS 116-117 
 
 NATIONAL AND DEPARTMENT OFFICERS 599-608 
 
 NUMBER OF MEN CALLED FOR BY THE PRESIDENT, ETC 583-590 
 
 QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL S REPORT 76-77 
 
 REGIMENTS, BATTERIES, AND COMPANIES FROM EACH STATE 609-613 
 
 TWENTIETH NATIONAL ENCAMPMENT 17-155 
 
 Reception of Comrades, Decoration of City, Entertainments, and Excursions, 17-57 
 TWENTY-FIRST ENCAMPMENT 126-135 
 
 IXDEX OF SPEECHES AND ADDRESSES. 
 
 Adams, John G. B I54-I55 
 
 Allen, Thos. S 97 
 
 Austin, D. R 89 
 
 Barnes, W. H. L 20-22, 145-146 
 
 Bartlett, Washington 24-25, 43 
 
 Beaver, James A 45 
 
 Beath, R. B 87, 133-134, M3 
 
 Bennett, T. W 120 
 
 Billings, John D 152 
 
 Burdett, Samuel S 25-27, 57, 75, 79, 
 
 94, 102-103, TI 4, 125-126, 155 
 Burst, J. W 142 
 
 Campbell, A. B 91-92, 124, 129-130, 
 
 149-150, 153-154 
 
 Caukins, G. E 152-153 
 
 Chamberlain, James 126-127 
 
 Chipman, N. P 87, 94 
 
 Clark, C. T 154 
 
 Cole, Frank 147 
 
 Conger, Arthur L 146 
 
 Day, D. W. H H4-I45 
 
 Dimond, W. H 27-28 
 
 Dwyer, G. B 45 
 
 Dyer, D. P iS 1 -^ 2 
 
 Earl, M. C 85-86, 130 
 
 Fairchild, Lucius 47, 98, 142, 155 
 
 Feighan, J. W 147 
 
 Fisher, J. W 138 
 
 Foster, David N 153 
 
 Gobin, J. P. S 100, 146 
 
 Goff, John B. H 149 
 
 Grey, E. B 141, 142 
 
 Grosvenor, C. H. . 103, 121, 122, 148, 151, 154 
 Grosvenor, D. A 91, 128, 143, 147 
 
 Hamlin, A. C 126 
 
 Hedges, Ira M 146 
 
 Hicks, Henry G 102, 137, 138 
 
 Higby, W. H 152 
 
 Howell, Charles E 134, 135 
 
 Keyes, E. D 44 
 
 King, Geo. W 149 
 
 King, H. C 27, 47, 52 
 
 Kountz, John S 1 24, 1 25 
 
 Lloyd, H. P 140, u, 
 
 Logan, John A. . , 30 
 
 Loring, E. B 102, 1 17, 1 18, 125, 
 
 Macy, E. B i 
 
 McKinley, William, i^ 
 
 McMahon, Martin T 42, 43 
 
 McNair, W. S 149 
 
 Merrill, George S 90, 91, 102, 114, 
 
 118, 119, 120, 145, 147, 150, 151 
 
 Palmer, John 136, 137 
 
 Patch, George H... 87, 88, 122, 123, 124, 136 
 
 Pixley, F. M 45, 46 
 
 Post, Philip Sidney 135, 136 
 
 Rassieur, Leo 90, 154 
 
 Rea, John P 142 
 
 Reddy, W. C 147 
 
 Reynolds, John A 86, 142 
 
 Rheinoehl, A. C 138 
 
 vSalomon, E. S 44, 93 
 
 Sampson, A. J 85, 86, 87, 151, 152 
 
 Sayles, J. 1 139, 140, 146, 147, 151 
 
 Shaw, S. F 152 
 
 Sherman, W. T 28, 30, 46, 47, 
 
 103-114, 130, 131 
 Stoneman, George 22, 24, 43 
 
 Tanner, James 77, 78, 98, 99, 100, 
 
 102, 142, 150 
 Taylor, Stuart.. 32, 42, 52, 53, 92, 93, 132, 133 
 
 Thayer, John M 1 20 
 
 Tobin, Richard F 88, 89, 146 
 
 Van DerVoort, Paul 100, 133, 134 
 
 West, Isaac E 141 
 
 Winters, E. E 127, 128 
 
 Woodworth, L. D 154, 155 
 
SJEOOINTID 
 
 OF 
 
 RECORDS OF MEMBERS 
 
 OF THE* 
 
 rand Army of the Republic 
 
 EDITED BY WM. H, WARD 
 
 CONTAINING A CONCISE HISTORY OF THE ORDER, ITS GROWTH AND USEFUL 
 
 NESS. A CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY OF THE IMPORTANT EVENTS OF 
 
 THE CIVIL WAR, BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC, AND ALL IMPOR 
 
 TANT LAWS RELATING TO PENSIONS. 
 
 A Complete and Accurate Account of the 
 
 wentu - M^rst \lational Encampment 
 
 J U ~J\ v ___ s 
 
 WILL BE PUBLISHED DURING THE YEAR 1887, AND FURNISHED SUBSCRIBERS, 
 
 INCLUDING BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICE, AT THE 
 
 FOLLOWING RATES : 
 
 Fine Clotti and Gold, $5.OO 
 
 Full Leather, 7.5O 
 
 Full Russia Morocco, 1O.OO 
 
 Address all Communications to 
 
 WM. H, WARD, 
 
 806 MARKET STREET, 
 
 SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. 
 

 RETURN TO the circulation desk of any 
 University of California Library 
 or to the 
 
 NORTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 
 Bldg. 400, Richmond Field Station 
 University of California 
 Richmond, CA 94804-4698 
 
 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS 
 2-month loans may be renewed by calling 
 
 (510) 642-6753 
 1-year loans may be recharged by bringing books 
 
 to NRLF 
 Renewals and recharges may be made 4 days 
 
 prior to due date 
 
 DUE AS STAMPED BELOW 
 
 
 /| ^1 J-v 
 
 / ^fx% 
 
 V&&, 
 
 
 SENT ON ILL 
 
 OCT 2 8 1993 
 
 
 U. C. BERKELEY 
 
 LD21-10m-5, 43 (6061s) 
 
U.C. BERKELEY LIBRARIES 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY