/ 'vti&y, 
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
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 o / 
 
 *Sf£ 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2007 
 
 http://archive.org/details/aristographyOOdemeiala 
 
Aristography 
 
Dedication. 
 
 I dedicate this book to my old and tried 
 friend, John Collins, of Dayton, Ohio, in ac- 
 knowledgment of his many good qualities and 
 his helpful suggestions during the production of 
 
 this book. 
 
 ISAAC S. DEMENT. 
 
 Chicago, August, igoj. 
 
Aristography 
 
 By 
 Isaac S. Dement 
 
 Author of Demerit's Pitmanic Shorthand, 
 Demerit's Dictators, Etc. 
 
 A system of shorthand writing combining 
 the principles of straight joinable and 
 insertable vowel strokes and curved con- 
 sonant strokes, both being subject to 
 similar general rules of hooks and length. 
 
 Second Edition - Revised 
 
 Chicago 
 
 Dement Publishing Company 
 
 1906 
 
Copyright 1905 
 By Dement Publishing Company 
 
 ► * e. w r i 
 
 
UJ 
 
 B 
 
 -3X3 7 4 
 
 Pref 
 
 ace. 
 
 Aristography is a system of shorthand 
 writing in which the vowels play as im- 
 portant a part as do the consonants. 
 
 It should not be confused with "joined 
 vowel" systems; for, while the vowel signs 
 are joinable, they also are subject to all 
 the rules of cumulation given to the con- 
 sonant signs, with a few rules distinctly 
 their own ; that is, a vowel sign may 
 receive hooks and may be shortened or 
 lengthened, just as a consonant sign may. 
 
 In joined vowel systems, the vowels 
 have no greater power than that of being 
 joinable ; words containing consonants 
 cannot be completely represented in such 
 systems by the vowel signs alone. Where- 
 as, in Aristography, a majority of the small 
 and many large words in the English 
 language may be completely represented 
 by the vowel signs with the aid only of the 
 cumulation principles. 
 
 448362 
 
By cumulation is meant the representing 
 of consonants or syllables by hooks and 
 variation in length. 
 
 To illustrate the vowel power of Aristo- 
 graphy, below is given a list of words all 
 written with a single vowel stroke as a 
 base, showing how the cumulation princi- 
 ples are applied to the vowel signs. It 
 should be observed that the sounds in the 
 words in this list are all present in the 
 shorthand outlines for them. The vowel 
 sign used is that assigned to the long 
 sound of a, as in lay. 
 
 \ a \ rain \ lay 
 
 \ ate °S rained \ late 
 
 V aider \ brain \ later 
 
 A ray <\ brained \ lane 
 
 <\ rate \ rave \ play 
 
 \ raider % raved ^ played 
 
 \ pray \ brave \ plater 
 
 A braid <V braved ^ plain 
 
 \ braider \) ration $ planed 
 
 With the simple addition of the signs 
 for the consonants s and st, the list is 
 greatly lengthened. 
 
\ say 
 \^ sane 
 o saint 
 $ saints 
 \^ save 
 ^ saved 
 \ stay 
 ^ state 
 \ stain 
 ^ stained 
 \ stave 
 \, staved 
 \) station 
 
 So stationed 
 
 A stray 
 
 <\ straight 
 
 \ straighter 
 
 o strain 
 
 d strains 
 
 ^ strained 
 
 \ spray 
 
 o sprain 
 
 °^ sprained 
 
 o rains 
 
 a brains- 
 
 v> rations 
 
 A^ braves 
 A lace 
 \^ laced 
 \ lanes 
 \ slay 
 ^ slate 
 So Plays 
 \ placed 
 \^ plains 
 £ plaints 
 V slave 
 \, slaves 
 \ slain 
 
 The above lists are not at all complete, 
 it being possible to add many more words 
 to them, especially plurals and derivatives; 
 but they are full enough to prove of inter- 
 est. And, too, some hooks that are ap- 
 plied to other vowel signs are not appli- 
 cable to this particular vowel sound; 
 notably the nk- or ng-hook and the sn-hook. 
 
 When it is remembered that, in the two 
 preceding lists of words, but one vowel 
 has been used and only one sound of that 
 
 in 
 
vowel, and that the signs for the various 
 sounds of the other vowels, e, i, o, and u, 
 have not been used, some slight idea of 
 the vowel power of Aristography will be 
 gained. 
 
 To further illustrate the power of the 
 vowel signs when subjected to the princi- 
 ples of cumulation as set forth in Aristo- 
 graphy, the following short list is pre- 
 sented, in which all the sounds in the 
 words given are present in the outlines, 
 without the use of a single consonant 
 stroke. 
 
 ^ platitude 
 [— } oppression 
 \ statute 
 fi-v' splendid 
 £, studied 
 author 
 
 i/^ hinder 
 <j bronzes 
 
 c^O link 
 
 (^ printers 
 tf°> springs 
 
 — ^P erudition 
 
 s~^- intended 
 \j lassitude 
 c-^ plenty 
 1/ audit 
 
 either 
 
 / other 
 oo^V scintillation 
 <v^A radiate 
 
 prosperous 
 broader 
 o splendor 
 e*" retreat 
 
 IV 
 
Q plateau / underrate 
 
 < \ ( ^ prairie /*p addition 
 
 r \-^ protest _p edition 
 
 U unstrung •§ incessant 
 
 There are some words in which the 
 consonant sounds so predominate that the 
 vowels may be entirely omitted from their 
 shorthand representations, and, where 
 such treatment produces a more facile 
 outline, Aristography permits the insertion 
 of vowels in such cases. 
 
 Thus, Aristography presents the unique 
 feature of vowels that are both joinable 
 and insertable and which are subject to 
 all the rules of cumulation given to con- 
 sonant strokes. 
 
 It has been too thoroughly demonstrat- 
 ed to need argument here that light and 
 heavy strokes and writing those strokes in 
 various vowel positions are elements of 
 speed and not speed-retarding elements. 
 Hence, light and heavy pairs are used in 
 Aristography, and vowel positions are 
 given which are available, but not com- 
 pulsory. 
 
It would also be logical in Aristography 
 to indicate consonants by positioning the 
 vowel signs; but the adoption of such a 
 principle would add a complexity of doubt- 
 ful value. 
 
 Aristography, then, presents, among 
 others, the following unique features, all 
 of great value : 
 
 1. Joinable vowel strokes. 
 
 2. Vowel strokes all straight. 
 
 3. Consonant signs all curves. 
 
 4. Vowel and consonant signs each 
 subject to similar rules of cumulation. 
 
 5. Insertable vowel signs. 
 
 6. Vowel positions for consonants. 
 Another special feature in Aristography 
 
 is the reading of forms, which proceeds 
 always forward — never backward ; i. e. , 
 an initial hook is read initially; a final 
 hook is read finally; if a stroke with a 
 hook is shortened, the letter added by the 
 shortening is read after the hook ; if a 
 stroke with a hook is lengthened, the syl- 
 lable added by the lengthening is read 
 after the hook. 
 
 VI 
 
A very commendable feature in Aristo- 
 graphy is the ease of inserting a vowel, 
 it being simply shortened and placed on 
 the proper side of the consonant stroke it 
 precedes or follows. That this is a 
 decided gain will not be denied. 
 
 All other systems of shorthand writing 
 are confined to consonant strokes in con- 
 structing word-signs. Aristography has 
 both consonant and vowel strokes to select 
 from, and its vowels take hooks and length. 
 This is a strong point in favor of legibility. 
 
 But the power of expression in Aristo- 
 graphy is so great that less than 170 word- 
 signs and only about 100 contractions are 
 given, which is a less number by over one- 
 half than is usually present in other sys- 
 tems. 
 
 There are two classes of words in the 
 shorthand representation of which any 
 detached vowel system places an extra 
 strain on its writers, i. e., words whose 
 first or last sound is a vowel. A great 
 amount of labor and ingenuity has been 
 
 VII 
 
spent in devising various principles to 
 avoid the difficulty here presented, which 
 principles are seldom fully mastered by the 
 average student. 
 
 There is no such difficulty in Aristo- 
 graphy ; for the initial and final vowels are 
 at hand ready for instant and facile use. 
 
 In Lesson Twelve will be found all the 
 really useful reporting expedients, and in 
 the preface to the notes of testimony, some 
 valuable hints are given on court w r ork. 
 
 The student should use a medium soft 
 pencil — a No. 2 — until he has reached a 
 fair speed in shorthand. He should then 
 get a good fountain pen — the Parker is a 
 very reliable pen — and use it in alternation 
 with a pencil until he can use either with 
 comfort. It is hard work to get up speed 
 with a pen. 
 
 Remember that the pencil must always 
 be sharp; hence, the student should always 
 have a supply of sharp ones on hand. 
 
 VIII 
 
Part One 
 
 Theory 
 
Points to the Student. 
 
 1. Copy each Reading and Writing Exercise 
 at least ten (10) times, making the notes as per- 
 fectly as you can. 
 
 2. Then take both Exercises from dictation, 
 increasing the speed each time they are dictated, 
 until you attain a speed of at least seventy-five 
 (75) words per minute. Try to reach a rate of 
 one hundred words per minute. 
 
 3. Then, take the next lesson. 
 
 4. When copying, make the very best notes 
 you can. 
 
 5. Keep your pencil sharp. 
 
 6. As the Reading and Writing Exercises 
 contain no forms that need be changed hereafter, 
 you should learn them all thoroughly now; so that, 
 by the time 3'ou have finished the book, you will 
 have a great number of them ready for instant 
 use. 
 
 7. Do not refer to the Key, except as a last 
 resort. 
 
\ 
 \ 
 
 I 
 I 
 
 / 
 / 
 
 Aristography. 
 
 Lesson One. 
 
 Vowels. 
 
 Written downward, 
 represents the sound of a in mat 
 
 sounds 
 
 sound 
 ii i 
 
 sounds 
 
 Written from left to right, 
 represents the sound of e in met 
 
 a 
 
 « ( 
 
 mate 
 
 •i 
 
 (I 
 o 
 
 in ah, all 
 not, nor 
 
 
 
 in 
 
 note 
 
 u 
 
 < < 
 
 cut 
 
 1 
 
 V 
 00 
 
 in cute 
 foot, fool 
 
 < ( «( 
 
 Written upward, 
 represents the sound of / in bit 
 
 t bite 
 
 l 
 
 << < < 
 
Dipthongs. 
 
 { represents the sound of oi in foil 
 
 I " ' on in foul, fowl 
 
 Consonants. 
 
 p b t d ch j f v n nef th dh w vv h 
 
 nk 
 
 1 r k g m shyyszst str ss 
 
 The heav} T sign dh % represents the 
 heavy sound of th as in writhe, the, etc. 
 
 The sign for h may be written upward 
 or downward. 
 
 The signs for m and sk are always writ- 
 ten upward. 
 
 The consonant signs for w, h, y, s, z, 
 st, str and ss are joined to the strokes in 
 the most convenient way. Where two 
 signs are given for one consonant, the one 
 should be selected for joining which makes 
 the sharpest angle with the stroke to 
 which it is joined. 
 
A circle or loop, whenever possible, 
 should be so joined as to form part of the 
 stroke, as illustrated in the Reading Ex- 
 ercise following: 
 
 Reading Exercise No. 1.. 
 
 _\A.\AA X^-*.--^. V-LL^~- 
 
 -.x^.-.^-.I-V^iV-VV--^- 
 
 It will be noticed that the circles and 
 loops on single strokes are placed on the 
 right side of downward^ on the upper side 
 of upward and horizontal strokes (this 
 is called the circle side of vowels) and 
 inside of curves, and that when the circle 
 is used between two strokes it is placed in 
 the most convenient position. Between a 
 straight and a curved stroke, the circle is 
 placed within the curved stroke. A loop 
 cannot be used in this way between strokes. 
 Its proper use will be illustrated later. 
 
Writing Exercise No. 1. 
 
 Owe sew hoe woe sweep why ace 
 icy wheezy sues says size hew ask 
 yaw essay hasp whisk ism stow west 
 hazed oil hall oyster assizes hisses 
 Esau Esther. 
 
Lessor Two. 
 
 Hooks on vowels. 
 
 pr-or br-hook -> ' ^ '< pl-or bl- hook 
 
 T'\ 
 T- hook j' 1-hook 
 
 n - hook j — . ; f-or v- hook 
 
 ng-or nk-book ^^MJ^ tion-hook 
 
 R-hook. 
 
 The r-hook is a small initial hook on 
 the left side of downward and on the 
 lower side of horizontal or upward vowels. 
 (This is called the r-hook side of vowels. ) 
 The vowel in the ster may be shortened 
 and struck through the loop, as shown 
 in the form for restore in the following 
 illustration. The hook is read before the 
 stroke. 
 
 -.\.._.J_...J c^_....^._._^_...V-._ 
 
 raced row roosters rests wrist restore arrest 
 raised 
 
 5 
 
L-hook. 
 
 The l-kook is a small initial hook on 
 the circle side of vowels. It is read before 
 the stroke. 
 
 last losses lease lists allows released slay 
 
 Pr- or br-hook. 
 
 This is an eyilarged r-hook, thus pre- 
 fixing p or b to the r represented by the 
 hook. (This hook may be made heavy 
 when it represents br. This is seldom 
 necessary. ) 
 
 °V 2_ c~°. c^_ lift c^_ 
 
 pray brew breeze priest oppressed press 
 
 PI- or bl-hook. 
 
 This is an enlarged l-hook y thus pre- 
 fixing p or b to the /represented by the 
 hook. (This hook may be made heavy 
 when it represents bl. This is seldom 
 necessary. ) 
 
 ...S. C P r. ■ ' \J 
 
 play blows blew please replace splash 
 
N-hook. 
 
 This is a small final hook on the r-Jiook 
 side of vowels. It is read after the stroke. 
 
 __V__A.___-Y____^ \--\ % ——>^- 
 
 Ann stain rain brain lane arraign whinny 
 
 Ng- or nk-hook. 
 
 This is the n-hook enlarged to add 
 either^ or k. (This hook may be made 
 heavy when it represents ng. This is 
 seldom necessary.) 
 
 ___6^_ J. J- (/_ J 
 
 link long hung stung wrong 
 
 F- or v-hook. 
 
 This is a small final hook on the circle 
 side of vowels opposite to the n-hook. It 
 is read after the stroke. 
 
 _JL \l_L_\£._ .:*£. £r-~ 
 
 staff rave loaf alive arrives lonely 
 
 7 
 
Tion-hook. 
 
 This is a large final hook on the circle 
 side of vowels opposite to the n-hook. It 
 is read after the stroke. 
 
 __A, |^_i ^-..- 
 
 stations orations oceans recision 
 
 Reading Exercise No. 2. 
 
 _^...k..A.J 1 _^..x...f...j j..v. 
 
 When a circle immediately follows a 
 small loop, it is placed on the opposite 
 side of the stroke, but when a circle fol- 
 lows a large loop, it is placed within the 
 loop. (See three last illustrations above.) 
 
 Writing Exercise No. 2. 
 
 Hero wary highly arose lassie Ella 
 harrow hallow Willie yarrow roses 
 rally sin presses blisses repress brow 
 lank wings prongs sings oceans Prus- 
 sians sleeve lovely looney waveless 
 sanely lasts roasters blusters. 
 
Lesson Three. 
 
 
 Circles in Place of Hooks. 
 
 The substitution of a circle for a hook 
 indicates the presence of that hook. 
 
 When a circle precedes or follows a 
 hook on the circle side of vowel strokes, 
 the circle must be placed within the hooks. 
 
 The circle should be made small enough 
 to go within without enlarging the hook. 
 
 spr-— »(^«— str- 
 
 -— S-\z 
 
 The dotted line in the above illustration 
 represents any vowel stroke. 
 
 Str- 
 
 By substituting s for the r-kook, st is 
 prefixed to the r thus indicated. 
 
 _.% r .-..„!W..A <^____^)____..\ 
 
 strain strainer strove strive striven stray 
 
 9 
 
 
Spr- 
 
 By substituting the large circle for the 
 pr-hook y s is prefixed to the pr. 
 
 ?s 3U_:d£ ^ 
 
 spray sprawl spring sprain 
 
 -ns, -nz. 
 
 By substituting s for the n-kook, s is 
 added to the n. 
 
 ...^V l..._^o.„..-r^ro....(^! .^ 
 
 brains stones sense essence prince sprains 
 
 -nses. 
 
 By substituting ss for the n-hook, ses is 
 added to the n-hook. The ^ cannot be 
 substituted for the ng-hook. 
 
 lances prances senses bronzes enhances 
 10 
 
Loops in place of n-hook. 
 
 The loops may be substituted for the 
 n-hook. 
 
 A loop cannot be placed within any 
 
 hook. 
 
 A-~i 
 
 -c?d 
 
 The dotted line in the above illustra- 
 tion may indicate any vowel stroke. 
 
 -nst, -nzd. 
 
 Substituting st for the n-hook, adds st 
 or zd to the n. 
 
 lanced glanced bronzed enhanced pranced 
 
 -nster. 
 
 Substituting sir for the n-hook, adds 
 ster, to the n. 
 
 - - > ** 
 
 punster spinster 
 
 u 
 
-sn. 
 
 An n following a circle or loop is repre- 
 sented by a small back-hook, turned on the 
 side of the stroke opposite the one on 
 which the circle is placed. This hook 
 should not project beyond the end of the 
 stroke on which it is made. The vowel 
 in the syllable need not be shown. 
 
 The use of this hook is not confined to 
 vowels; it may be used on any stroke. 
 
 ._^v___^L____y \ c_« ^.._ 
 
 mason listen loosen hasten lesson Weston 
 Reading Exercise No. 3. 
 
 _c^e___%_ ^5 V> 
 
 Writing Exercise No. 3. 
 
 Strung stringy strew sprung since 
 prance seines sons roans lens hens 
 pounced rinsed bounces stanzas rosin 
 western lessen arisen season stray. 
 
 12 
 
Lesson Four. 
 
 Hooks on Consonants. 
 
 The hooks on consonants can, of course, 
 only be placed within the curve. 
 
 There are but four hooks attached to 
 curves, the r-hook, (a small initial hook), 
 the l-hook (a large initial hook), the 
 n-hook (a small final hook), and the tion- 
 hook (a large final hook). 
 
 l-hook , , tion-hook 
 
 i i 
 
 r-hook »v^ y* n-hook 
 
 The dotted curved line may indicate 
 any consonant stroke. 
 
 R-hook. 
 
 The r-hook on consonants is a small 
 initial hook and is read before the conso- 
 nant. 
 
 --i:---4--------S-- 
 
 orb harp error starve 
 
 13 
 
L-hook. 
 
 The l-hook on consonants is a large 
 initial hook and is read before the conso- 
 nant. 
 
 _.^___^. ^.._..^ T - 
 
 health help helm self 
 
 N-hook. 
 
 The n-hook on consonants is a small 
 final hook and is read after the consonant. 
 
 --L X* w^-..__4—- 
 
 hearken broken gallon earn 
 
 Tion-hook. 
 
 The tion-hook on consonants is a large 
 final hook and is read after the consonant. 
 
 -*- * v- 
 
 auction assertion portion 
 
 H 
 
Inserted Vowels. 
 
 The vowel signs may be made very 
 short and placed beside strokes, when it 
 is inconvenient to join them or the form 
 is much improved by their omission. 
 
 In the following illustrations observe 
 the direction of reading inserted vowels. 
 It is shown by dotted arrows. 
 
 An inserted vowel may be placed in 
 any position beside a stroke, but it makes 
 the best appearance when placed near 
 the middle, and should be of just sufficient 
 length to positively indicate its direction. 
 
 The illustrations below are shown in 
 three positions for their first strokes: 
 above the line, on the line and through 
 the line. These positions are fully ex- 
 plained in Lesson Eight. 
 
 : ^....::h-^--m^-^ 
 
 rap direction open reflection drank 
 No circle or loop may be substituted for 
 a hook on consonants; but s may be placed 
 within such hook. The large circle and 
 the loops must not be so placed. 
 
En-, un- or in-hook. 
 
 This is a small initial back hook, always 
 immediately preceding s, and represents 
 the syllable en, un or in. 
 
 __..^__.__ < ^r_ st 5j 
 
 enseal uncivil inspiration inceptioa 
 
 Reading Exercise No. 4. 
 
 Writing Exercise No. 4. 
 Work warp urge wealth alps hulk 
 elf ribbon widen oven erection selec- 
 tion ensign insane incense unsling 
 incisions insertion instance insist inspec- 
 tion. 
 
 i». 
 
Lesson Five. 
 
 Half-Lengths. 
 
 Making a stroke half its normal length 
 adds t or d to it. If there is a hook on 
 the stroke, the t or d added by halving is 
 read after the hook. If there is a circle 
 affixed to the stroke halved, the circle is 
 read after the / or d added by the halving. 
 
 _.__\ e *o _°S % c^ 
 
 add steed streets strand strands lends 
 
 Double-Lengths. 
 
 Doubling the normal length of a stroke 
 adds tr, dr or thr, with or without a vowel 
 before the r. If there is a hook on the 
 stroke, the syllable shown by the length- 
 ening is read after such hook. If there 
 is a circle added to such stroke, the circle 
 is read after the added syllable. 
 
 laughter slender splinter printer lenders 
 
 17 
 
The stroke for m is also lengthened to 
 add pr or br, with or without a vowel be- 
 tween. This lengthening is subject also 
 to the rules in the preceding paragraph as 
 to hooks and circles. 
 
 member lumber hamper 
 
 Vocalizing Double-Lengths. 
 
 If it is desirable at any time to show 
 the vowel in the syllable represented by 
 the lengthening, such vowel may be 
 
 struck through the lengthened stroke. 
 
 amateur 
 
 4^- 
 
 ±. 
 
 entire 
 
 endure endorsement 
 
 Reading Exercise No. 5. 
 
 is 
 
Writing Exercise No. 5. 
 
 Set head sweet hold sat whit sift 
 staved hunt rented lands study stoned 
 liken rook warn leaky herb elk 
 blender hunter brother timber scamper 
 cinders indicted saintly hotly brandy. 
 
 19 
 
Lesson Six. 
 
 Broken Forms. 
 
 A form may be broken. In such case 
 the two parts are written close together, 
 the first stroke of the last part continuing 
 in the direction of the last stroke of the 
 first part of the form thus broken. 
 
 ___«/£_ dLe. L^rn i-_rrr___ 
 
 unite unrest subsidy untidy 
 
 W may be omitted or joined as shown 
 below in certain cases. 
 
 quick queer quake quick queer 
 
 The Past Tense, 
 
 The past tense, when represented by the 
 
 syllable ed, is shown by a half-length light 
 
 e, joined when convenient, and disjoined 
 
 when not easily joined. When the past 
 
 » 
 
tense is represented by the addition of 
 t or d, it is shown by halving the preced- 
 ing stroke, or by substituting a loop for a 
 circle. 
 
 _> -ez A _<n Ns ^ 
 
 aided edited laid prayed raised wedded 
 
 Omission of Sounds. 
 
 The shorthand representations of some 
 sounds may be omitted where their use is 
 difficult. In the following illustrations 
 will be found enough examples to guide 
 the student in this regard. He should not 
 omit enough to endanger the legibility — 
 it is better to break the form than to omit 
 too much. 
 
 rancid inch injure enjoy suppress solicitation 
 
 _:~t- *=r=r 9 ._.& \-7-~ JL- 
 
 supplant surrender illustration sanitary belong 
 
Writing Exercise No. 6. 
 Wedded supplanted rested unwedded 
 unscented evolution suppressions bal- 
 ances intended ended transact laced 
 blasted lifted drifted hushed scooped 
 quack quail. 
 
Lesson Seven. 
 
 Syllable Expression. 
 Many initial and terminal and some 
 internal syllables are of such frequent oc- 
 currence it is advisable to have some 
 brief way of representing them. Some 
 of these are given below. 
 
 Con, com — by an initial light dot or by 
 omission in the manner shown 
 
 -,*.- •*-<--.. \ : .<%-... 
 
 conceit compress accommodate inconstant 
 Ex-, ac-, ag by omitting the x % c or g. 
 
 ._.-^..__t£ a. _____V--V— -\=~~ 
 
 exist exhaust exceed accept acceed agree 
 
 Self — by placing s before the first stroke 
 in the remainder of the form for the word, 
 as shown below. 
 
 *> 7 
 
 selfish self-defence self-reproach 
 
 In — by a small inital back hook pre- 
 ceding s. 
 
 in his letter in his favor 
 
 -ing, -ings, -ingly — by a final detached 
 dot, s or heavy a-tick. 
 
 aiding relating pleadings seemingly 
 
 M 
 
-ity by a half-length light i-tick, de- 
 tached in the manner shown. A hook or 
 small consonant may be prefixed to this 
 affix. 
 
 _JGr_V^L_4^ ; - 
 
 oddity activity audacity city integrity 
 
 -ble, -bly — by b joined. 
 
 ._ _<^ <£__ ^ 
 
 edible sociable-y lovable laughable 
 
 -bleness — by b-s joined. 
 
 _~^» jKo_ 
 
 feebleness sociableness 
 
 -ology, -ological-ly, -graph-y, -graph- 
 ical-ly, and similar terminations, by dis- 
 joining the sign for the first consonant of 
 the termination adding k for the addition 
 of -ic or -ical-ly and r for the addition 
 of -er. 
 
 i_f_ jUsgi _\^_ 
 
 theology telegraphy aristographly 
 
 telegraphic-al-ly aristographer 
 
 -shal-1, -rial, -cial. — by sh joined. 
 
 ,...U ^j L 
 
 official partial commercial 
 
 36 
 
-ment — by half-length n joined where 
 mnt cannot be easily joined. 
 
 t— '■ *■ 
 
 adjustment contentment commandmen* 
 
 -mental-ly, -mentality — by mnt disjoined 
 ±*e IZc. 
 
 sentimental-ly-ity regimental-ly 
 -ly — by ly, joined or disjoined. 
 
 — U W- fi *Z— 
 
 slowly sadly gently swiftly 
 
 -self, -selves — by s or ss, joined or dis- 
 joined. (See Lesson Nine). 
 
 __^ A O 
 
 " "O 
 
 itself yourself himself ourselves yourselves 
 
 -ful-ly, -fulness, -lessness — by f, fs, ss 
 detached in the manner shown. 
 
 careful-ly carefulness carelessness 
 
 27 
 
-ality, -ility, -arity, -erity — by detaching 
 as shown the consonant immediately pre- 
 ceding. The vowel preceding the detached 
 consonant may usually be omitted. 
 
 principality feasibility disparity prosperity 
 
 __ril ^ ^___ _:wf___ 
 
 civility utility popularity formality 
 
 Reading Exercise No. 7. 
 
 Writing Exercise No. 7. 
 Command complain consent concern 
 exaction exaggeration examination ex- 
 asperation excellent exhibition accelerate 
 accessible accomplice accusaiion accrue 
 incompetent lending lovingly readings 
 intensity reasonable actionable rotata- 
 bleness zoology orthographic frugality 
 blissful thoughtfulness insert self-esteem 
 loudly. 
 
 28 
 
Lesson Eight. 
 
 Vowel Positions. 
 
 A vowel may be omitted. To show 
 such omission the first stroke in the form 
 for the word is written in the position as- 
 signed to that vowel. The absence of 
 only one vowel in a word can be thus in- 
 dicated, and that one is the strongest of 
 those omitted. 
 
 E and I Position. 
 
 The e and i position is above the line of 
 writing and is called the first position. 
 
 kind desire meaner find relative 
 
 O and U Position. 
 
 The o and u position is on the line of 
 writing and is called the second position. 
 
 JU£ _^_ ^ n>^„ 
 
 position possible purchase enclose 
 
 29 
 
A Position. 
 
 The a position is below the line of writ- 
 ing for horizontal strokes, and through the 
 line for all others. If placing the first 
 stroke in the third position carries the 
 form too far below the line, the first down- 
 ward or upward stroke may be used for 
 positioning. This is called the third 
 position. 
 
 _.(^_ — ^_ :_> w _ 
 
 take back name payment 
 
 Reading Exercise No. 8. 
 
 -V-£--H— 
 
 , Tf . 
 
 Writing Exercise No. 8. 
 
 Fill fur pair fail pile pole pal 
 unsupported competition check jug jar 
 performing regained rejoiced tell confer 
 contraction person burden. 
 
 80 
 
Lesson Nine. 
 
 Vowel Word-signs. 
 
 \ 
 at 
 
 -_\_ advantage 
 
 __\__ advertise 
 
 __ V - after 
 
 ._js_ astonish 
 
 — \__ satisfy-actory 
 
 .._!_ of 
 
 __^-to 
 
 .^y.. about 
 
 „_\_ all 
 
 __*__ too, two 
 
 any 
 
 r-=^_ When 
 
 whether 
 
 several 
 
 r-rP— establish 
 
 recollect 
 
 ~_ regard 
 _-__ an, and 
 
 even 
 
 — _he (in phrases) 
 .-,__ a 
 

 in 
 
 
 
 
 over 
 
 _^_. 
 
 it 
 
 
 __L 
 
 O, oh, owe 
 
 -?<*- 
 
 if 
 
 
 -+■ 
 
 . only 
 
 /° 
 
 influence 
 
 
 i 
 
 already 
 
 _^. 
 
 . inform-ation 
 
 i_. 
 
 there, tneir, 
 . they are 
 
 ^ 
 
 principle- 
 
 •pal 
 
 / 
 
 .up 
 
 «^1 
 
 I (in phrases) 
 
 JL 
 
 .under 
 
 1 
 
 what 
 . ordinary 
 
 
 --/ 
 
 .until 
 
 extraordinary I* 
 
 __l__our, hour __z__he*, the* him* 
 
 __l_.out 
 
 often 
 
 __!__ office 
 
 i 
 ,. on 
 
 _ i_ or 
 
 / 
 
 how* 
 
 - 
 
 _z. 
 
 .you (in 
 
 phrases) 
 
 JL 
 
 . United States 
 
 ./_. 
 
 .who 
 
 
 / 
 
 .whom 
 
 
 * The signs for these words may be written upward or 
 downward. 
 
 M 
 
Consonant Word-signs. 
 
 particular-it}' 
 
 _^_. peculiar-ity 
 -W- party 
 
 previous 
 
 opinion 
 
 represent 
 
 _v^- punctual-ly-ity 
 
 _>--_. be, object 
 _i .before 
 
 business 
 
 _v_. subject 
 
 become 
 
 became 
 
 ____ between 
 Jl__ did 
 __L__ do, dollar 
 ./—had 
 
 --> differ-ent-ence 
 -W. difficult-y 
 
 denominate-ion 
 
 — L_ done 
 —£~ down 
 ___ each 
 
 UC~. which 
 
 — /T— charge 
 jC.. suggest 
 general -ly 
 
 r 
 
 gentlemen 
 
 n 
 
_ , _ gentleman 
 
 
 not 
 
 __ from 
 
 JU 
 
 hundred 
 
 _^_ for 
 
 -^- 
 
 natural-ly 
 
 -^j.. favor 
 
 -V 
 
 never 
 
 *^ familiar-ity 
 
 jl 
 
 nevertheless 
 
 __X*- forget 
 
 ■i 
 
 notwithstanding 
 
 __^: forgive 
 
 .k. 
 
 knowledge 
 
 forgiven 
 
 i- 
 
 nothing 
 
 ever 
 
 __)_. 
 
 . long, along 
 
 every 
 
 J 
 
 think, thing 
 
 "^ have 
 
 JL 
 
 thousand 
 
 _r>y_ very 
 
 new, knew 
 
 -)- 
 
 thank 
 
 JL. 
 
 . without 
 
 / no, know 
 
 ) 
 
 . they, them 
 
 __}._now 
 
 JL 
 
 though 
 
 M 
 
that 
 
 again 
 
 these 
 
 against 
 
 __°r__ those, thus 
 
 >™. will 
 
 __^_this 
 within 
 
 t» large 
 
 language 
 
 can, according 
 
 while 
 
 _v^_ come 
 
 well 
 
 came 
 
 _j=^_ world 
 
 because 
 
 here 
 
 _j£_ acknowledge 
 
 *"* are 
 
 regular 
 
 where 
 
 give 
 
 ...*Ts-her 
 
 %_? 
 
 z^~ me, my 
 
 given 
 
 time 
 
 _w. go, ago 
 
 _^T_. may 
 
 gave 
 
 _^-__ am 
 
 35 
 
-i— remember 
 
 were 
 
 _y 
 
 she 
 
 — 
 
 .wish 
 
 __y_. 
 
 . should 
 
 -ot- 
 
 . shall 
 
 o 
 
 is 
 
 
 his 
 
 __Q 
 
 .US 
 
 
 as 
 
 
 has 
 
 o 
 
 
 a 
 
 
 
 
 .is it 
 
 „j£7_ 
 
 .first 
 
 
 as it 
 
 
 has it 
 
 O 
 
 
 O 
 
 is thr* 
 
 
 as thr 
 
 —e- 
 
 . has thr* 
 
 c 
 
 
 «.— 
 
 _we 
 
 3 we 
 with 
 
 would 
 
 year 
 
 w_. yes 
 
 yet 
 
 V 
 A 
 
 beyond 
 
 __o-_you 
 your 
 
 c we were 
 , we would 
 
 3 with you 
 we were 
 
 were you 
 
 you were 
 __/2 you would 
 
 .jl°Ii. was 
 
 *Thr means there, their or they are wherever it is used. 
 
Lesson Ten. 
 
 Contractions. 
 
 V 
 
 above 
 
 -ass?- 
 
 certainty 
 
 \> action 
 
 c? 
 
 comprehend 
 
 _ o account 
 
 C~3 
 
 comprehension 
 
 _Ari_ apprehend 
 
 _C2tf. 
 
 comprehensive 
 
 JC2. apprehension 
 
 __<H- 
 
 consider 
 
 \z^.. apprehensive 
 
 ,£\_ 
 
 considerate 
 
 -\a. arrange 
 
 <vP 
 
 consideration 
 
 Jr^rTl auxiliary 
 
 - J \- 
 
 . considerable-v 
 
 behind 
 
 «j 
 
 consequent 
 
 ._<rv._ certain 
 
 Q_9 
 
 consequence 
 
 2? 
 
 448362 
 
consequential 
 __\>— conversation 
 ( do, defendant 
 ___?}__ deliver 
 S^L. delivery 
 .__CV_ deliverance 
 , . V "* _ democrat 
 __?r±._ describe 
 .J?rdLj- description 
 _^tk„ England 
 .^. English 
 .^?^?_ Englishman 
 
 L entertain 
 
 equal 
 
 equality 
 
 _Z_3ii_ especial 
 
 /__ essential 
 
 m rr*Ty exclude 
 -sagy. exclusion 
 _rTO>. exclusive 
 ...cr?— experience 
 
 _— i explain-ation 
 
 .J>^.-. explanatory 
 „r^... forward 
 — _\^._ frequent 
 T^crx^- frequency 
 . ,. d . generation 
 
 immediate 
 
 ._^T>r_ important-ance 
 _r^S?_ impossible 
 
 8* 
 
_y\ . improve 
 
 zi inconsiderate 
 
 indescriminate 
 
 Jj^s>_ indispensable 
 _^S _ individual-ity 
 ^y^ influential 
 
 ^2r^>. inquire 
 _^_ instead 
 s^r?_ irregular 
 
 /" jurisdiction 
 ..f.... jurisprudence 
 C juxtaposition 
 fX>~>>. messenger 
 ..CL... necessary 
 .A'- necessity 
 
 obtain 
 _ L__ observe 
 __dy_ observation 
 „o*r- oblige 
 Ixc... official 
 „.k-_ opportunity 
 ..L--- passenger 
 _„C\ perfect 
 __T^. perfection 
 A-.-- perhaps 
 „C\._ practical 
 .CV— - practicable 
 _£\-. practice 
 — L. proper 
 __L^_ property 
 
 31 
 
.. n.-probable-y-il 
 
 ity JL_„ republican 
 
 _ L proportion 
 
 _ . require 
 
 _l .propose 
 
 .t^rP responsible 
 
 <L_proposition 
 
 crP_(.. responsibility 
 
 V 
 
 __ - propriety 
 
 sometime 
 
 proprietor 
 
 
 
 sometimes 
 
 __V.__public 
 
 —£-— somewhat 
 
 _L— publication 
 
 ^- special 
 
 _L— purpose 
 
 __o2__ superintend-ent-ence 
 
 . _ quality 
 
 <r^ usual 
 
 _ .^.quantity 
 
 ___!__ witness 
 
 quite 
 
 \__ way 
 
 question 
 
 ^ away 
 
 _Vs republic 
 
 
 40 
 
Outlines 
 
 __„ accept 
 
 acceptation 
 
 _J2 accident 
 
 Jifc=*> accidental 
 
 V__ accurate 
 accuracy 
 
 . , y ?— active 
 
 __V_. across 
 V— agree 
 appeal 
 appear 
 appearance 
 appreciate 
 appreciation 
 
 _V\)- association 
 _J£\_ associate 
 
 _L bank 
 
 __L — banquet 
 
 __J belong 
 
 ->= ^C. christian 
 _^£m1 Christianity 
 _^JL_. common 
 __r7T._ desire 
 __„___ direct 
 J-^ _ direction 
 __5--\ _ directness 
 _.%>-- disaster 
 _ Sl disastrous 
 
 41 
 
_-T_^__ except 
 _I_S__ exception 
 23^Tl explore 
 Z__hQ exploration 
 — f — flow 
 
 __J_^_ follow 
 
 __W__ fortune 
 - Ji? - / . furnish 
 _-_tt__ furniture 
 -\-^- happy 
 — <^.__ hesitate 
 __ ±r£__ hesitation 
 — k... hope 
 
 humility 
 
 >_ humiliation 
 
 inaugurate 
 
 f 
 
 ________ incident 
 
 ___0 industry 
 
 — h— industrious 
 —-/-—introduce 
 -— L_>- introduction 
 
 little 
 
 measure 
 
 pleasure 
 
 -djT^ problem 
 _£\_9_ production 
 -l_r_v_2 protection 
 
 — L prosper 
 
 -__A__ prosperous 
 — Ik... prosperity 
 
 N 
 
queer 
 
 real 
 
 £2T-L. realize 
 -.-.C-- religion 
 
 _£.__ religious 
 
 —(p— remain 
 
 S"% - remark 
 JU^l secure 
 
 q, /* security 
 _f____ seldom 
 
 \j,_ significant 
 
 ____0 signification 
 single 
 
 °L 
 
 *~^y singular 
 
 >- ■ , 
 
 ' singularity 
 
 _1_. strongest 
 ..VSjl. subsequent 
 _(o sudden 
 
 __£?__ sufficient 
 
 P 
 J!L___ superior 
 
 _*?^f_ superlative 
 
 *J&ZL- supply 
 
 __<Z°__ suppress 
 
 -J3T--. suppression 
 
 system 
 
 systematic 
 _j_ territory 
 
 together 
 
 4H 
 
Lesson Eleven, 
 
 Derivatives. 
 
 .-V-.- advertisement 
 „- x __- afternoon 
 -w- afterward 
 
 almost 
 
 L. also 
 
 . )_ although 
 
 always 
 
 anybody 
 
 ._.V?.. astonishment 
 ._>__ at first 
 at hand 
 
 — V- at last 
 
 at least 
 
 _A_ at length 
 
 at once 
 
 __\_ disadvantage 
 _•=,??- establishment 
 __Vrk everybody 
 __-J- have been 
 ___ Y__ hereafter 
 _£___ herein 
 hereinafter 
 
„_ hereinbefore 
 
 hereof 
 
 hereon - 
 
 __sv— hereto 
 
 .!s-^-- heretofore 
 
 __/-.. hereunder 
 
 herewith 
 
 A I . 
 into 
 
 s?zsr^ larger 
 
 _<r?s__ largest 
 
 _ vi_. objection 
 
 _y-<£_ objective 
 
 .Je>_ officer 
 
 -.Uri-_ official 
 
 _JL__ on or before 
 
 .-.A__ on or about 
 
 -J-—- outer 
 
 ._.L_.. outside 
 
 I outward 
 
 _.tl__ recollection 
 
 r 
 
 _____ representation 
 
 ^P 
 
 _.»™_ representative 
 
 -$«.- satisfaction 
 „Vo-_ subjection 
 >L=rf_ subjective 
 ...C—.. suggestion 
 ...Of- suggestive 
 .-I— thereafter 
 —i— thereat 
 ~Vt— therefore 
 
 -u therefor 
 
 „u^- therein 
 ..u^.. thereinafter 
 _-i___ thereof 
 _.-j__ thereon 
 ..^— theretofore 
 
 id 
 
^_-i— thereunder upon 
 
 __.i-— thereupon upper 
 
 _/___ understand __^__- upward 
 
 _/___ understood wherefore 
 
 _/ undertake wherein 
 
 l^ undertook wherever 
 
 U^— unsatisfactory 
 
 Phrases. 
 
 v . \ 
 
 __r__ _at some time /£h_.at such time 
 
 .V— _at the same time __ _/tr__at which time 
 
 __^riat that time at what time 
 
 -_^r_at this time IT— at an y ^ me 
 
 47 
 
and I typewriting 
 
 ___7 and t-he in consideration 
 
 .__n and thr j^l- in regard 
 
 —-'—-and who _r^T7__ in respect 
 
 and whom in order 
 
 ■7 
 
 y, do you in order to 
 
 .Jo — do you think in reply to your 
 
 _v^___do you have in receipt of your 
 
 -U^-__do you see in account 
 
 -Vsrs — Dear Sir of course 
 
 from year to year I out of 
 
 k~ 
 
 _from time to time \ __ over and above 
 
 V J 
 
 from what time ___rf on account 
 
 V- 1 
 
 hand writing —J Your Honor 
 
 -in writing we are 
 
 N 
 
very respectfully 
 .we remain V=-^.-_ yours 
 
 X*.. 
 
 <__ my dear sir __-=r^L__respectfully 
 
 ._jT^. yours truly »_J>£__ sincerely yours 
 
 __ e, very sincerely 
 .j>>w yours very truly j____y°urs 
 
 __nr^°__. yours respectfully J\.__ fraternally 
 
 yours very respect- -. 
 ...jsy fully j^.. .fraternally yours 
 
 .__*__. -yours sincerely ___^___ yours fraternally 
 .-^TN,/-. yours very sincerely s— we are in receipt 
 
 ._sr-5__ respectfully yours _\_. we have yours 
 
 y<K party of the first 
 in the first place I part 
 
 party of the sec- 
 ._JB^T.._. for the first time _\ ond part 
 
 in the next place ___r?__ the first 
 
 in the second 
 .place jr=r?__ less than 
 
Lesson Twelve. 
 
 Joining of Ticks. 
 The word-sign for he, the or him may be 
 affixed. It should not be prefixed. 
 
 of the to the in the may the does the 
 of him by the past the 
 
 The ticks for a, an or and may be pre- 
 fixed, but should not be affixed except to 
 of and to. When joined, either a horizon- 
 tal or vertical tick may be used, but the 
 horizontal tick is to be preferred wherever 
 possible. 
 
 -JL_, )- ^_1_._ 
 
 and be and when and not and for of a to a 
 
 The ticks for / and how are never 
 affixed. They are prefixed, I in the first 
 and how in the third position. The tick 
 for he may be prefixed in the second 
 position. 
 
 I can he can how can and I and he and how 
 
 Ticks and small consonants may be 
 substituted for ing-dot as shown. 
 
 paying the seeing you-r going away 
 going thr giving us-his 
 
 51 
 
Special Phrasing. 
 
 There, their, they are, other, whether 
 -by lengthening. 
 
 when thr no other another recollect whether 
 
 Own, one, than, not — by n-hook. 
 my own anyone more than will not I did not 
 
 Ever, if, of, have — hy / hook'. 
 
 whenever whoever and if and of and have 
 It — by halving. 
 
 r r______-^_____.c_.__^ .-i 
 
 in it think it do it know it for it 
 
 Did, do, does, had, would — by halving 
 and positioning as shown. 
 
 / 
 
 JL+ 
 
 I did he did yoti did 
 
 I do he does you do 
 
 I had he had you had 
 
 53 
 
You, your, may be inverted in phrasing. 
 
 if you can in your favor if you have 
 
 Way, away — by joining w. 
 
 -— - <r. C- ~_ 
 
 any way some way which way go away 
 
 As, has and you may be taken out of 
 position when beginning a phrase. 
 
 „__^ A _ 
 
 as if as he as I you will you and I 
 
 "To the" — by omission and placing 
 following sig?i immediately below the line. 
 This is called the fourth position. 
 
 ^^ _^ 
 
 to the lake to the town to the city 
 
 1 'Of the" — by omission and placing close 
 together. This is called the fifth position. 
 
 ZL— -*: 
 
 one of the men outside of the city 
 
 53 
 
Punctuation. 
 
 — ////-fH-l 
 
 - -. ! ? 1 () [] 
 Reading Exercise No 9. 
 
 Writing Exercise No. 9. 
 
 Gentlemen — I have your letter of the 
 
 27th ult, and am very glad to hear from 
 
 you. It will give me very much pleasure 
 
 to bring about the meeting between you 
 
 and Mr. Brown, as requested by you, at 
 
 an early date. In his letters to us he has 
 
 spoken of the pleasure he hoped to have 
 
 in meeting you. 
 
 Very truly yours. 
 
 54 
 
Part Two. 
 
 Practice Matter. 
 
Practice Matter. 
 
 Letters. 
 
 
 2- — 7 
 
 ^ 
 
 Zk\^. 
 
 a 
 
 a «>_ 
 
 .-/i^_j4_-a^ 
 
 ^L.^>. 
 
 .1. 
 
 _j>,-, 
 
 
 L^JZ^ii^pgJ^t 
 
^ <<1 > v^p ' jcrri <T_— 
 
 /s^..U?._/^1_.._1^n/=^_ 
 
 -*■ 
 
 A*>J^Xi_^Ci=±iX 
 
 rr__fe,_-^___/_ 
 
 -•■ 
 
 58 
 
c 
 
 ^ 
 
 V 
 
 y~^__/r. 
 
 \- 
 
 
 — * 
 
 29 
 
 i. 
 
 k«. 
 
 L.c -i_v. 
 
 
 
 
 y^ 
 
 -V-A- 
 
 59 
 
1L 
 
 J^>K, 
 
 
 ■■) 
 
 2^_ 
 
 ±~*^dJ± 
 
 -• 
 
 ft 
 
 V. 
 
 "x 
 
 .__/___<; A__r 
 
 1. 
 
 *t 
 
 _<^?_ 
 
 £ 
 
 *-4 
 
 .1 J 
 
 ^° 
 
 /C' I 
 
 £^>- 
 
 
 > 
 
 W 
 
 2 V. 
 
 "^ 
 
 .L_:_ 
 
 -/*- 
 
 -V 
 
 -^O 
 
 .o^J 
 
 — *' 
 
 6') 
 
Preface to Court Work. 
 
 In reporting testimony, the writer should re- 
 member that each stroke of the pencil requires 
 time, and that time is valuable; hence, he should 
 not make any superflous characters to represent 
 things not spoken. For instance, the lawyer 
 does not say "question" each time he interro- 
 gates the witness; neither does the witness say 
 "answer" before each reply; and no one an- 
 nounces his name before speaking. 
 
 All these, however, must be clearly indicated 
 in the notes, and they are so indicated in the 
 following pages of notes. 
 
 The style of examination is shown by X," 
 which means "Cross Examination." 
 
 The name at the beginning of the first line of 
 notes is that of the lawyer who is conducting the 
 examination. Thus we have positively indicated: 
 
 Cross-Examination 
 By Mr. Ritter. 
 
 As the principal part of the talking will be 
 done by him, he is alloted the full width of the 
 page — that is, if a question exceeds the length 
 of the line, it continues at the left hand margin 
 of the page. 
 
 The witness takes up the next largest amount 
 of space, and he is allowed all there is between 
 the first vertical line and the right hand margin. 
 
 61 
 
The answer may begin on the line on which the 
 question ends, provided, an inch of blank line 
 can be left. 
 
 When the witness answers after an objection, 
 or says anything not in reply to a question, the 
 notes should begin just to the right of the first 
 vertical line — his line. (See answer after second 
 objection, page 64.) 
 
 The second vertical line belongs to the object- 
 ing counsel. (See first objection.) His name 
 should be written the first time he speaks, but 
 not again, so long as he remains objecting coun- 
 sel. The surname is sufficient. 
 
 The presiding officer, whoever he may be, is 
 given the space between the third vertical line 
 and the right hand margin. (See remarks by 
 the Court in several places.) 
 
 Parallel lines are shown in the notes in several 
 places. They are " repeats." They repeat 
 what they point at, changing the pronoun, if 
 necessary. (See "Key to testimony" for trans- 
 lation of the "repeats," when they will be easily 
 understood.) 
 
 fit 
 
/ 
 
 Ti\ 
 
 k 
 
 — t- 
 
 3 
 
 X. 
 
 ■X: 
 
 A»__^r\_ 
 
 _<*_ 
 
 .Y_C. 
 
 1 
 
 • U2JL. 
 
 -f-^-1^--- 
 
 1 
 
 l f _^.Vf 
 
 If 
 
 -^-V- ;— 
 
 \r 
 
 ;- 
 
 v. 
 
 
 rix 
 
 ,__..^7__^. 
 
-i-^ 
 
 ^*_b 
 
 V 
 
 7 
 
 r° 
 
 =^- 
 
 N*9 
 
 3=1 
 
 1 
 
 Jk. 
 
 S 5 
 
 i,--\ 
 
 3 
 
 •" 
 
 .^k 
 
 -"V; 
 
 r\ J 
 
 ..en. 
 
 
 A 
 
 w 
 
1 
 
 -} — 
 
 |^/TL 
 
 *\^ 
 
 _J u- 
 
 ^ 
 
 .7 
 
 k 
 
 - L J- C - 
 
 * 9.__l—1 
 
 aj_^_ 
 
 — -^ 
 
 
 -t ' 
 
 
 .^. 
 
 \^^ 
 
 <: 
 
 *"*r 
 
 ) i 
 
 -<, 
 
 m 
 
Part Three. 
 
 Keys. 
 

 ^__«*?_._^_^ 
 
 -L^-J^—SS^S^-^.-^~&- 
 
 _?=-e_^S, 
 
 *2u4-c-r-^-3s«. 
 
 *! 
 
_.Nii._-__^__^._.L_A___^___^ 
 
 jl-^— jl 
 
 .S~^___J^>_ 
 
 4 
 
 C 
 
 :__„^_-l^_-fWi_-. 
 
 
 tit 
 
 _s>_ 
 
 -Vv 
 
 .fiii„A._l..^_.^ 
 
 1v 
 
 4*- 
 
 /. 
 
 
 
 
_\^v \^L 
 
Key to Reading Exercises. 
 
 No. 1. Aye 'say. hi 
 
 Aye 'say hay way sway whey ease 
 easy hazy saws sews whiz high asp yea 
 assay husk whistle waste stay uses whist 
 howl hail east hoister assesses assist ahoy 
 Asa Hester. 
 
 No. 2. Allow hoary Lucy oleo relay rule 
 hurrah wallow sorrow races leases lowly 
 sunny wing wavy blesses bruises brainy 
 plow wrongs links ranks rations aster luster 
 slave Henry blasts lusters arresters. 
 
 No. 3. Strong string strewn spruce sprang 
 springy scenes loans leans enhance rinse 
 sins plans bounced princes lenzes reason 
 raisin eastern astern. 
 
 No. 4. Organ stark earth welkin stealth 
 yolk elm Helen broaden blacken revulsion 
 election resurrection enslave ensnare incision 
 instep insolence insincere install unstring. 
 
 No. 5. Hate stand wheat hut soft hinted 
 steady statute lucky ragged rocky hinder 
 broader printers renders latitude altitude un- 
 weighed handy splendidly unaided character 
 neglect lifter. 
 
 71 
 
No. 6. Weeded listed riveted relented ar- 
 rested unheeded united insolence revolution 
 solicit saturation balance braced [praised] 
 trusted wanted surrendered indebted indicated 
 transaction suppression transacted prosecuted 
 rushed capped sequel quarter. 
 
 No. 7. Commute commend communication 
 commotion compose exact exaggerate examine 
 exasperate excellence except excess exchange 
 excommunicate executor exhibit accented 
 acclivity incommode incompatible provokingly 
 sayings readable readableness pathology 
 phonography rascality graceful heedlessness 
 insult self-made lightly lately. 
 
 No. 8. Fear fore fair feel fall value in- 
 sertion insipid insurrection ensnare convene 
 cheek joke jack regain perform rejoice reck- 
 less competence contract pardon. 
 
 No. 9. Dear Sir: We have your favor of the 
 26th ult. as to Mr. Brown. When did he reach 
 the city and when does he go away again ? We 
 hope we shall have the pleasure of seeing him 
 before he leaves and shall look to you to bring a 
 meeting about at the earliest possible moment. 
 
 Youis truly, 
 
 n 
 
Keys to Business Letters. 
 
 Page 57. 
 
 Dear Sir: We have yours of the 2nd inst., 
 and thank you for your prompt reply. We are 
 glad to know that you are taking our view of the 
 matter, as we were sure you would do, as we are 
 in a position to insist upon the points we have 
 made. We are satisfied that the matter may be 
 arranged in a manner entirely satisfactory to all 
 concerned. Yours truly, 
 
 Gentlemen : Owing to the failure of one of 
 our debtors, we are in possession of a large stock 
 of miscellaneous goods which we are very desir- 
 ous to have taken off our hands. Will you kind- 
 ly send your purchasing agent to inspect the 
 stock at as early a time as possible? 
 
 Very respectfully yours, 
 
 Gentlemen : Pursuant to your request, our 
 
 purchasing agent has inspected the 
 
 Page 58. 
 stock of goods mentioned in your letter and re- 
 ports that you were quite right in calling it a 
 miscellaneous lot. He says it is composed of 
 odds and ends of every description of out-of-date 
 goods. We hardly think we can make any use 
 of the stock, but you might submit an offer. 
 
 Respectfully yours, ' 
 
 Dear Sir: Agreeably to your esteemed order 
 of the 2nd inst., we have the pleasure of enclos- 
 
 78 
 
ing invoice of goods amounting to 5175. 25, sub- 
 ject to 5% discount for prompt cash. 
 
 We may mention that, from the opinion en- 
 tertained of you by our Mr. Wetherly, we have 
 no hesitation in opening an account and at once 
 placing you on our best terms. 
 
 The parcels have been dispatched this day 
 per Wells-Fargo Express, and we trust they will 
 reach you safely and receive your approval. 
 
 We believe the goods will bear favorable 
 comparison with those of any house in the trade 
 and desire that you shall satisfy yourself as to 
 value and quantities before remitting settlement. 
 
 We are, dear sir, yours respectfully, 
 Page 59. 
 
 Gentlemen: Enclosed please find a list of 
 goods upon which we desire your most favorable 
 quotations. Kindly inform us what time will be 
 required for filling an order for such goods as 
 you do not keep in stock. We would also be 
 glad to know which of these you keep in stock 
 and which you do not. 
 
 Please give us your best terms. 
 
 An early reply will greath 7 oblige, 
 
 Very sincerely yours, 
 
 My dear Sir: We take pleasure in acknowl- 
 edging receipt of yours of the 29th ult.; in 
 answer to which we beg to give you our present 
 quotations. We would call your attention to 
 the fact that we have checked such items as we 
 always keep in stock, orders for which can be 
 filled immediately. As to those which we do 
 
 74 
 
not keep in stock, orders will require a week in 
 filling:. 
 
 Our usual terms are : note at four months } 
 or 2% off for cash. 
 
 Trusting that we may have the pleasure of 
 hearing from you again, we remain, 
 
 Your obedient servants, 
 Page 60. 
 
 Gentlemen : We are in receipt of yours of 
 the 3rd. We regret that it is impossible to give 
 you any satisfactory information relative to the 
 parties with respect to whom you make inquiry. 
 We should not advise giving them any large lat- 
 itude in credits. 
 
 Regretting that our reply cannot be more 
 favorable, we are, Yours truly, 
 
 Gentlemen : We take pleasure in acceding 
 to your request for information in regard to the 
 standing of Messrs. H. W. Sanderson & Co., 
 this city. 
 
 We have had very many transactions with 
 them, involving large sums of money, in all of 
 which they have acquitted themselves in a most 
 exemplary manner — meeting their obligations 
 promptly and fully, many times long before they 
 were due. In addition to this, they are very 
 reasonable in all things, there always being un- 
 questionable cause for complaint when one is 
 made by them as to any shipment. 
 
 Thanking you for this opportunity of express- 
 ing our regr.rd for the gentlemen, we are, 
 
 Very respectfully yours, 
 75 
 
Key to Testimony. 
 
 Page 63. 
 
 Cross Examination 
 by Mr. Ritter 
 
 Q. How long did you say you had known 
 the defendant ? A. Two or three years. 
 
 Q. He was a friend of yours, was he not. 
 A. Well, yes, I suppose you may say he was. 
 
 Q. Not what I say, but what you say. A. 
 I suppose he was. 
 
 Q. Well, was he ? A. As matters have 
 turned out, I do not know whether he was or not. 
 
 Q. You are not certain about it ? A. No ; 
 I am not certain about it. 
 
 Q. Just because he did not pay you the 
 money when it was due, you think he was not a 
 friend of yours ? A. That is not it. 
 
 Q. What is it, then, that has changed things 
 around so ? A. What he has said about me to 
 others. 
 
 Q. What has he said about you to others ? 
 
 Mr. Peck : I object to that as entirely im- 
 material, as the case now stands, your Honor. 
 
 The Court : I believe I will sustain that 
 objection. 
 
 Mr. Ritter: And I will take an exception. 
 
 Ihe Court: Enter an exception for the 
 counsel for the defendant, 
 
 76 
 
Pag- 04 
 Mr. Reporter. Proceed with the examination. 
 
 Mr. Ritter : Q. Who was present at this 
 conversation that you have given us ? 
 
 Mr. Peck : I object to that. It is im- 
 material; 
 
 The Court : I will hear the testimony. 
 
 Mr. Peck : I will take an exception. 
 
 The Witness : A. I do not know whether 
 there was anybody else there or not. 
 
 Mr. Ritter : Q. Can't you recollect whether 
 there was or not ? A. No, sir ; I can't recollect 
 whether there was or not. 
 
 Q; If there had been anybody else there do 
 3'ou think you would have remembered it ? A. 
 I do not know whether I would or not ; I might 
 and I might not. 
 
 Q. You might and you might not ? A. I 
 might and I might not. 
 
 Q. You might and you might not ? A. I 
 might and I might not. 
 
 Q. Have you a pretty fair memory, Mr. 
 Witness? A. I think I have a pretty fair 
 memory ; nothing extraordinary, however. 
 
 Q. Then there may have been somebody 
 else there ? A. There may have been. 
 
 Page 65. 
 
 Q. And you not recollect it ? A. It is 
 possible. 
 
 Q. Now, I wish you would refresh your 
 recollection and tell me whether there was any- 
 body else there or not. A. I do not know how 
 
 17 
 
I am to refresh my recollection on the matter. I 
 simply say, I do not know whether there was 
 anybody else there or not. 
 
 Q. What time of day was this celebrated 
 conversation? A. Nine or ten o'clock. 
 
 Q. In the morning or evening? A. In the 
 morning. 
 
 Q. You say it was on Sunday? A. No; I 
 did not say it was on Sunday. 
 
 Q. Tuesday, was it? A. No, sir. It was 
 on Wednesday, as I recollect it. 
 
 Q. You are very positive it was on Wed- 
 nesday. A. I am very positive it was on 
 Wednesday. 
 
 Q. What makes 3'ou positive? A. Because 
 I recollected it. 
 
 Q. You know it was on Wednesday? A. 
 Yes, sir ; I know it was on Wedneseay. 
 
 Q. Not on Tuesday? A. Not on Tuesday. 
 
 Q. It could not be any other day? A. It 
 could not. 
 
PRICE LIST OF 
 
 Demerit's Publications 
 
 Demerit's Pitmanic Shorthand 
 
 Half Morocco, Prepaid, $2.00 
 
 This text-book presents the very best form 
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 was at the rate of nearly 
 
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 Cloth, Prepaid, $1.50 
 
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There are but twelve straightforward lessons. 
 
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 It is corrected up to date. 
 
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student's knowledge, but they show those same 
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Condensed Price List of 
 
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 Dements Aristography, 1.50 
 
 Same (unbound), 1.50 
 
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 Pitmanic Shorthand, each grade, - .05 
 
 Same, per set of three, .12 
 
 Dement's Dictation Series No. 1 (Testimony), .15 
 
 Dictator, No. 4 (Letters), ... .25 
 
 No. 5 (Testimony), ■ • .25 
 
 " No. 7 (Letters), - - - .25 
 
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 Discounts is quantities. Remittance must ac 
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 Local checks not accepted. 
 
 Dement Publishing Company 
 
 325 Dearborn Street 
 Chicago, Illinois, U. S. A. 
 
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