99 S54 NRLF PORTRAITS Of AMERICAN INDIANS W.LANGDONKIHN MRS. WADES-IN- WATER Akim-so-yi Blackfeet Indian woman of Montana EXHIBITION / PORTRAITS OF AMERICAN INDIANS BY W. LANGDON KIHN Comprising the Blackfeet Indians of Montana and the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico W. LANGDON KIHN Chase- Enemy-in-the- Water Zoi-och-ka-tsai-ya K53 PHOTO BY SHELDON PARSONS Portraits of American Indians have been shown by Mr. Kihn at the following galleries Museum of New Mexico, Santa Fe Blackfeet Indians, February, 1920 Hanfstaengel Galleries, New York City Blackfeet Indians, March, 1920 Hill-Tollerton Galleries, San Francisco Blackfeet Indians, March-April, 1921 University of California, Berkeley Blackfeet Indians, April-May, 1921 Museum of New Mexico, Santa Fe Blackfeet and Pueblo Indians, May, 1921 General Federation of Women's Clubs Newhouse Hotel, Salt Lake City Blackfeet and Pueblo Indians, June, 1921 Anderson Galleries, New York City under the auspices of the Museum of New Mexico Blackfeet and Pueblo Indians, March-April, 1922 FOREWORD The pictures shown in this exhibition are the work of a young man still in his early twenties, whose career has been a short one but who has already achieved extraordinary style in his Indian portraits. He was born of American parents in Brook- lyn, 1898. From Boys' High School he went to the Art Students League in New York City and later studied with F. Winold Reiss. The result of his studies found early expression in the pictured transcripts of the life of the American aborigines. Long and close association with these people, in whose safe- keeping is all that is worth while in American art, is the only way in which to perpetuate their colorful life and traditions. This is Mr. Kihn's belief and in this belief he has spent the greater part of his time among them; first in 1920 among the Blackfeet Indians of Montana and later, at the suggestion of Charles F. Lummis, the lure led him in the early part of 1921 among the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico in and around Laguna and Acoma. He is now continuing his studies among the Indians of the Canadian northwest. His work is an important contri- bution to the history of the American Indian and for that reason is of interest not only to the art lover and critic but to the ethnologist as well. JOHN GROUND "CHIEF-EAGLE-CALF" Nina-peeta-nista Blackfeet Indian of Montana A NOTE ON THE BLACKFEET INDIAN SECTION OF THE EXHIBITION The Blackfeet Indians have long been famous in the history of the Northwest. They were successful warriors against other tribes, and, in early days, against the first trappers who pene- trated the Northwest. It was they who had a skirmish, in which they lost a man, with the Lewis and Clark party in 1806, though another tribe has been credited with this attack. The Blackfeet have never been definitely at war with the United States. So long as there were buffalo, the Blackfeet lived well and happily; but with the buffalo's extermination came dire trouble. Then for two or three years they starved, and of those living in the United States, one quarter of the people died from lack of food. Later, better times came. Some cattle were given them and, at one time, they seemed on the way to self-support and independence; but incompetent agents, handling their cattle badly, threw them back into poverty. Their cattle dis- appeared; cold and drought carried off more and more of their live stock; and today the Blackfeet are poor and suffering; for on their cold and bleak reservation there is no work no way by which they may earn money to buy food. We call the Indian a savage, but this is not the name given him by those who have lived long and intimately with him. We know that in truth he is a human being not very different from ourselves. If his skin is dark, if his ways of life are unlike those of the city man or woman, yet he is governed by the same emotions as we are, and the needs of his life are the same as ours. He has a wife and children whom he dearly loves, and anxieties about their welfare bring to him the same cares that troubles us about our own dear ones. If food is wanting, he is hungry. The same wind that freezes us, chills him. Mr. Kihn's pictures are faithful portraits of these Black- feet Indians, many of whom I knew well in past times. In his collection are represented ancient men like White Grass, Curly Bear, and Many Tail Feathers, with whom I lived in the olden days, when their cheeks were unwrinkled and their footfalls light and free. I feel that the pictures of these people will interest, not only all artists and those who know something about Indians, but also all who possess a real love for the life out of doors the widespread spaces of their own prairies and mountains. GEORGE BIRD GRINNELL ELIZABETH RILEY Shaotyetsa Indian girl of Laguna, New Mexico A NOTE ON THE PUEBLO INDIAN SECTION OF THE EXHIBITION The land and the people of our Southwestern country invite and stimulate the artist. The land is a silent land, a land of perpetual Sunday, and its people, who work the soil, share the quality of tenderness that is characteristic of the landscape. I welcome Mr. Kihn among the all too few recorders and inter- preters of these ancient tribes, whose features and traditions are rapidly being changed and effaced. STEWART CULIN BlG-PAINTED-L,ODGE Qui-macatas-co-con Blackfeet Indian Medicine-man, Montana BLACKFEET INDIANS OF THE NORTHWEST JOHN GROUND ' 'CHIEF-EAGLE-CALF' ' Nina-peeta-nista Interpreter. Student at Carlisle Indian School. Son of Big-Painted-Lodge, a medicine man, and father of Go-In-High-Woman. (See numbers twenty-seven and forty.) Age forty-nine years. (Also see number sixteen.) WADES-IN-WATER So-yi Chief officer of Indian Police. Husband of Mrs. Wades-in-Water. (See number three.) Age fifty years. MRS. WADES-IN-WATER Akim-so-yi Wife of Wades-in-Water. (See number two.) Age forty-five years. HEAVY-BREAST E-so-go-e-kn-e Interpreter. Age forty-five years. (Also see number fifteen.) YELLOW-HEAD Oui-tah-co-to-con Officer of Indian Police. White Horse Society dancer. Husband of Mrs. Yellow-Head. (See number six.) Age thirty year*. MRS. YELLOW-HEAD Akim-oui-tah-co-to-con Wife of Yellow-Head. (See number five.) Age thirty years. JOHN-TWO-GUNS-WHITE-CALF Notacna-ohnamuc-o-nista-puka Chief of Indian Police. Indian Judge. Son of the historically famous Chief White-Calf, statesman and warrior. Age forty-five years. (Also see numbers twenty-six and thirty-one.) 8 OLD-LADY-GOOD-SCISSORS My-ig-cy-ke Age eighty-five years. MANY-TAIL-FEATHERS A-co-sue-wa-ches-me Old time warrior against the Sioux. Age eighty-five years. 10 LUCILLE A-sue-ta-mo Age forty years. \ 11 SHORTY- WHITE-GRASS A-po-to-ye-see Reported to be over one hundred years of age. Oldest living warrior. Garment front adorned with Indian enemies' scalps. Father-in-law of Chief Curly-Bear. (See numbers twenty-two and thirty-two.) 12 TURTLE Spo-pie Most famous Blackfeet Indian hunter. Finest Crazy Dog Society dancer. Age fifty years. 13 FISH-WOLF-ROBE Ma-mee-ya-co-yesee-con Leader of all Indian dancers. Husband of Berry-Woman. (See numbers fourteen and thirty-five.) Age forty-five years. 14 BERRY-WOMAN Mee-na-ku Wife of Fish-Wolf-Robe. (See number thirteen.) Age forty years. (Also see number thirty-five.) 15 HEAVY-BREAST E-so-go-e-kn-e Interpreter. Age forty-five years. (Also see number four. ) MRS. LONG E-no-cm Assiniboine Sioux Indian woman of Montana 16 JOHN GROUND " CHIEF-EAGLE-CALF " Nina-peeta-nista Interpreter. Student at Carlisle Indian School. Son of Big-Painted-Lodge, a medicine man, and father of Go-In-High-Woman. (See numbers twenty-seven and forty.) Age forty-nine years. (Also see number one.) ALA 17 BLACKFEET INDIAN Name not known 18 BOSS-RIBS A-yu-su-sah-mi-wa Old time Indian warrior. Age eighty years. 19 JOHN-NIGHT-GUNS Su-me-na-ma-can Grass Society dancer. Died recently. Age thirty years. 20 MRS. LONG E-no-cm Assiniboine Sioux woman. Age thirty-five years. 21 BLACKFEET INDIAN Name not known 22 CHIEF CURLY-BEAR Nina-caw-yeu-sue-ches Only living Indian Chief of the Blackfeet Tribe. The last of a triumvirate of Chiefs that ruled the Tribe. Son-in-law of Shorty-White-Grass. (See number eleven.) Age eighty-five years. (Also see number thirty-two.) 23 PETER OSCAR (Indian name not known) Carpenter by trade. Age fifty years. Laguna Indian woman New Mexico 24 BAD-MARRIAGE (Indian name not known) Rough-rider. Age eighteen years. 25 EAGLE-TAIL-FEATHERS (Indian name not known) Indian butcher. Age sixty years. 26 JOHN-TWO-GUNS-WHITE-CALF Notacna-ohnamuc-o-nista-puka Chief of Indian Police. Indian Judge. Son of the historically famous Chief White-Calf, statesman and warrior. Age forty-five years. (Also see numbers seven and thirty-one.) 27 GO-IN-HIGH-WOMAN Ca-e-ch-a-pme Daughter of Chief -Eagle-Calf . (See number one.) Age twenty yean 28 SINGS-OUT (Indian name not known) Age twenty year*. 29 COMES-BACK Pa-yo-ta-po-ma-ca Wife of Bull-Plume. Age forty-fire years. 30 MRS. YELLOW-WOLF Oui-tah-co-yesee Age twenty-five year*. 31 JOHN-TWO-GUNS-WHITE-CALF Notacna-ohnamuc-o-nista-puka Chief of Indian Police. Indian Judge. Son of the historically famous Chief White-Calf, statesman and warrior. Age forty-five years. (Also see numbers seven and twenty-six.) 32 CHIEF CURLY-BEAR Nina-caw-yeu-sue-ches Only living Indian Chief of the Blackfeet Tribe. The last of a triumvirate of Chiefs that ruled th tribe. Son-in-law of Shorty-White-Grass. (See number eleven.) Age eighty-five years. (Also see number twenty-two.) 33 BEAR-HEAD Caw-yeu-to-con Hunter. Leader of war parties. Age sixty years. 34 WHITE-QUIVER Ches-ches-no-pa Famous Indian warrior. Leader of war parties. Age sixty years. 35 BERRY-WOMAN AND HER CHILD Mee-na-ku Wife of Fish-Wolf-Robe. (See number thirteen.) Age forty years. (Also see number fourteen.) 36 WHITE-DOG A-pue-me-ta Crazy Dog Society dancer. Indian warrior. Age fifty-five years. 37 WOLF-ROBE Co-ye-see-con Peigan or Canadian Blackfeet Indian. Age sixty years. ^AttiitHtni..^ -_. Z^-^^Z IN in/ fe^ 38 TURTLE Spo-pie Most famous Blackfeet Indian hunter. Finest Crazy Dog Society dancer. Age fifty years. JOSE Saiow Laguna Indian Medicine-man, New Mexico 39 ARROW-TOP Oui-maco-to-sckee Indian wrestler and rider. Age thirty years. 40 BIG-PAINTED-LODGE Oui-macats-co-con Indian mdicine man. Father of Chief-Eagle-Calf. (See number on.) Died recently. Age eighty years. PUEBLO INDIANS OF THE SOUTHWEST 41 JOSE Saiow Laguna medicine man. Age eighty years. 42 ELIZABETH RILEY Shaotyetsa Laguna Indian girl. Age nine years. 43 MRS. CANFIELD Waykaye Woman of Laguna. 44 LUCY CAISARO Kohnye Laguna Indian girl. Age eighteen years. 45 LAGUNA INDIAN WOMAN Name not known 46 ANGUS KE-WIT-SISCHE Kewasishe, of the Tree Clan Pueblo farmer. Age sixty years. 47 MRS. MARMON Sa-yh Woman of Laguna. 48 AITCHEE GUNN Aitcheyai Woman of Laguna. 49 CORA RILEY Koriyaitsa Young woman of Laguna. Ag eighteen years. 50 MRS. WM. PAISANO Ka-u-tse Wife of Laguna Indian Judge. Age forty years. Little-Singing-Woman Pa-ch ;s-co-co-ma-kee Singing-Long-Time Me-sa-min-ka-kee Pretty An-i-top-si Chief-Coward Nina-go-pm Wolf- Runner Little-Fox-Woman Charlie-After-Buffalo Clear-Up TURTLE Spo-pie Blackfeet Indian Hunter, Montana ABSENT BLACKFEET INDIAN FRIENDS Pumpkin Indian name not known Bull-Plume Sta-me-ches-sa-pu-pa Lazy-Boy Pi-ki-p-ck-mi-pe Big-Mike-Left-Hand Me-spkykg-si Short-Face Medicine-Otter- Woman North-Peigan- Woman A-pa-to-se-pe-con-a-kee WADES-IN-WATER Sc-yi Blackfeet Indian of Montana THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ This book is due on the last DATE stamped below. To renew by phone, call 429-2756 Books not returned or renewed within 14 days after due date are subject to billing. JUN 13 1997 UC-SANTA CHUZ 3 2106 00703 4231