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 SCHOOL BOOKS. 
 
 HISTORY OF ROME, from the Earliest Times to the Death of Com- 
 modus. By Dr. L. Schmitz, Rector of the High School of Edinburgh 
 Second edition, 12mo. Is. 6d. cloth, or bound in leather, 8s. Qd. 
 
 SCHOOL DICTIONARY OF GREEK AND ROMAN ANTIQUI- 
 TIES. Abridged from the larger Dictionary, by Dr. W. Smith. 
 Two hundred Woodcuts. Square 12mo. 10s. 6d. cloth. 
 
 LEXICON TO ^SCHYLUS ; containing a^Critical Explanation of 
 
 University of California. 
 
 FROM THE LIBRARY OF 
 
 OR. FRANCIS LIEBER, 
 
 Profe^or of History and Law in Columbia C> ; York. 
 
 THE GIFT OF 
 
 MICHAEL REESE. 
 
 Of San Francisco. 
 
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 7777 
 
 cher's Remarks on his Style. Edited by ur. vv . smith.. 
 
 INTRODUCTION TO THE ART OF COMPOSING GREFg. 
 
 IAMBICS, in imitation of the Greek Tragedians. By the Rev. 
 
 Tayler. 12mo. 2s. 6d. 
 PROM ETHEUS AND PERS^R OF iESCHYLUS. From the Text 
 
 of Wellauer. Edited by G. Long, Esq. Fcap. 8vo., each Is. 6d. 
 GREEK TESTAMENT. Griesbach's Text. Second edition, fcp. 
 
 8vo.,6s.6</. 
 FOUR GOSPELS IN GREEK, for the use of Schools. Various 
 
 Readings and Marginal References. Fcap. 8vo. 3s. 6c?. 
 PRINCIPAL ROOTS OF THE LATIN LANGUAGE, simplified 
 
 by a display of their incorporation into the English Tongue ; witb 
 
 copious ISotes. By Henry Hall. Fourth edition, 12mo. 4s. Qd. 
 
 TAYLOR, WALTON & MABERLY, 
 
 28, UPPER GOWER STREET, & 27, IVY LANE, PATERNOSTER ROW, 
 
 
 :: 
 
fc- * * * v.*'.-*-'.-*-. '^ <: 'VVx. 
 Ix* .*.:**.* -V ' : v,/ : \ : ",/ : \.: ':,":, . 
 
PRINCIPAL ROOTS 
 
 LATIN LANGUAGE, 
 
 SIMPLIFIED BY 
 
 A DISPLAY OF THEIR INCORPORATION 
 
 f)t <&n$lisfy 0ngue: 
 
 WITH COPIOUS NOTES. 
 
 HENRY HALL. 
 
 FIFTH EDITION. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED FOR TAYLOR AND WALTON, 
 28, UPPER GOWER STREET. 
 
 1846. 
 
/0 
 
 HI7- 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 P. P. -BHOMS, PRINTER, WARWICK SQUARE, 
 
Pa z icn 
 
 HI"? 
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
 
 Page 
 
 Introduction to the Roots v 
 
 Accents vii 
 
 Formation of Genitives of the third declension vii 
 
 Genders of Substantives viii 
 
 Introduction to Derivatives xi 
 
 X 
 
 Vocabulary of Roots 1 
 
 Verbs having more than one perfect or supine 58 
 
 Verbs which change when compounded 59 
 
 Derivative Substantives 61 
 
 Prepositions 85 
 
 Particles 86 
 
 Appendices 86 
 
 Index Ill 
 
 4-ilf 
 
INTRODUCTION TO THE ROOTS. 
 
 By the principal roots of the Latin language are to be 
 understood those only which produce the great body of the 
 language ; and such has been the nature of the selection, 
 that after these, and the vocabulary of derivatives, together 
 with the rules for derivation, shall have been acquired, a 
 pupil will not require to consult his dictionary more than 
 about once on an average in every two hundred words he 
 may meet with in the authors usually read. 
 
 It is of high importance that these root words be the first 
 learned, because in this case all future readings will be but 
 a repetition of words already known. 
 
 HOW TO USE THE BOOK. 
 
 Having previously acquired the inflections of substantives, 
 adjectives, pronouns, and verbs, according to the usual 
 grammars used in schools, the pupil proceeds to acquire 
 the vocabulary of roots as follows : 
 
 There are three vocabularies j one of substantives, one of 
 adjectives, and one of verbs. 
 
 The left-hand column is the exact English of the Latin 
 words ; and, on the right is the English word derived there- 
 from, which will not only be found serviceable in assisting 
 a2 
 
vi INTRODUCTION. 
 
 the memory while getting them by heart, but, by the prin- 
 dple of association^ will tend to fix them in the mmcf. 
 
 After reading half a page attentively, cover the Latin, 
 and, by the assistance of the connecting idea or word derived, 
 the Latin word will be recalled, as for instance, the word 
 aquila will appear in aquiline, and aqua in aquatic ; after- 
 wards cover the English, and give the English for the Latin. 
 
 The vocabularies of substantives, adjectives, and verbs, 
 are respectively divided into six lessons, but this number 
 may be varied when necessary. 
 
 The English of particles, i. e. adverbs and conjunctions, 
 &c. of common occurrence, is given at page 86, and may 
 now be learned. 
 
 After having acquired the roots, proceed to the vocabulary 
 of derivatives (previously perusing the introduction). 
 
 The following explanations of the marks of abbreviation, 
 accents, genitives, and genders of substantives, are to be 
 noticed attentively. 
 
 MARKS AND ABBREVIATIONS. 
 
 m masculine 
 f feminine 
 
 n neuter 
 c common 
 i. e. (id est) that is 
 
 in vocabulary, marks the accent 
 s. v. f. sum vel fui 
 pr. present tense 
 perf. perfect tense 
 part, participle 
 sup. supine 
 after the derived word in vocabulary, shows there is 
 
 a note, 
 over the latter of two vowels, denotes that each must 
 
 be pronounced separately. 
 
INTRODUCTION. vii 
 
 f denotes the root word to be obsolete, and only used 
 
 compounded, 
 affixed to perfects or supines, shows there are more 
 than one. 
 
 ACCENTS. 
 
 In order to avoid pronouncing any of the words in the 
 vocabulary improperly, the following rules are to be ob- 
 served : 
 
 In words of two syllables the accent is to be on the first 
 syllable. 
 
 In words of three or more syllables the accent is to be on 
 the antepenultimate, i. e. the last but two ; except where 
 marked long, as cratera, cullna, castigo, festino, &c, in which 
 case the accent is to fall upon the vowel marked ; or where 
 the penultimate vowel is lengthened by its position before 
 two consonants or the double consonants x and z. 
 
 Observe that the a in am and atum of the first conjuga- 
 tion, and the i in ivi and itum of the fourth conjugation, 
 are invariably pronounced long. 
 
 Almost all nouns of the third declension increase in the 
 genitive case, i. e. have a syllable more than in the nomina- 
 tive, as honor, honoris. The syllable immediately before 
 is is called the increment, and is to be pronounced short, 
 in words of more than two syllables, unless marked long, 
 as arb-or, -oris ; lab-or, -5ris, 
 
 FORMATION OF THE GENITIVE. 
 
 As the formation of the genitive case of nouns of the third 
 declension might perplex beginners, a list is here subjoined, 
 of substantives, with their genitives at length, in the order 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 of the sections in the vocabulary, by reference to which the 
 formation of the others will be apparent. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 Nom. 
 
 Gen. 
 
 anguis 
 
 anguis 
 
 foedus 
 
 foederis 
 
 cinis 
 
 cineris 
 
 crus 
 
 cruris 
 
 daps 
 
 dapis 
 
 ebur 
 
 eboris 
 
 aedes 
 
 sedis 
 
 fur 
 
 furis 
 
 comes 
 
 comitis 
 
 far 
 
 farris 
 
 paries 
 
 parietis 
 
 agmen 
 
 agminis 
 
 cliens 
 
 clientis 
 
 arundo 
 
 arundinis 
 
 ars 
 
 artis 
 
 carbo 
 
 carbonis 
 
 tempestas 
 
 tempestatis 
 
 apex 
 
 apicis 
 
 dos 
 
 dotis 
 
 frux 
 
 frugis 
 
 sains 
 
 salutis 
 
 bos 
 
 bovis 
 
 color 
 
 coloris 
 
 cassis 
 
 cassidis 
 
 flos 
 
 floris 
 
 mare 
 
 maris 
 
 aer 
 
 aeris 
 
 mel 
 
 mellis 
 
 frater 
 
 fratris 
 
 caput 
 
 capitis 
 
 corpus 
 
 corporis 
 
 moenia 
 
 mcenium 
 
 GENDERS OF SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 RULES ACCORDING TO SIGNIFICATION. 
 
 Names of men 
 
 Names of women . 
 
 Words which comprehend both sexes, as a 
 
 parent, a citizen 
 Names of trees, plants, &c. 
 
 Masculine 
 Feminine 
 
 V Common 
 
 Feminine 
 
INTRODUCTION. ix 
 
 RULES ACCORDING TO THE TERMINATION OF THE 
 NOMINATIVE. 
 
 First declension .... Feminine 
 Second (except those in um, which are always \ ^ y 
 neuter) . . . . J "*^ 
 
 Third has various termina- 
 tions, but their gender< 
 may thus be known. 
 
 Fourth (except those in u, which are always \ tit y 
 Fifth ..... Feminine 
 
 Masc. 
 
 Fern. 
 
 Neuters 
 
 end in 
 
 end in 
 
 end in 
 
 
 
 as 
 
 ur 
 
 or 
 
 es t 
 
 men 
 
 OS 
 
 is 
 
 ar 
 
 er 
 
 do 
 
 us 
 
 n 
 
 go 
 
 X 
 
 io 
 us-utis 
 
 e 
 
 * a, I, c, t, are also neuter terminations; but as there are very few of 
 them in the language, it is sufficient to notice them here ; all that occur 
 in the vocabulary are sal, mel, lac, and caput : nouns ending in a of the 
 third declension are Greek words, as thema, atis, 
 
 t s after a consonant, as ars, pars, &c. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 EXCEPTIONS. 
 
 
 
 er mas. 
 
 
 piscis 
 
 m 
 
 murex . m 
 
 PLANTS. 
 
 
 cadaver 
 
 n 
 
 sanguis 
 
 m 
 
 vertex . m 
 
 
 
 iter 
 
 n 
 
 unguis 
 
 m 
 
 vortex . m 
 
 crocus 
 
 m 
 
 ver 
 
 n 
 
 vermis 
 
 m 
 
 calx . c 
 
 cupressus . 
 
 c 
 
 verber 
 
 n 
 
 amnis 
 cinis 
 
 c 
 c 
 
 cortex . c 
 silex . c 
 
 2nd DECL. 
 
 as fern. 
 
 
 finis 
 
 c 
 
 
 
 
 as 
 
 m 
 
 pulvis . 
 
 c 
 
 ar neut. 
 
 eremus , . 
 humus 
 
 f 
 f 
 
 vas 
 
 n 
 
 do fern. 
 
 
 lar . m 
 
 pelagus 
 
 c 
 
 esfem. 
 
 
 cardo 
 ordo 
 
 m 
 m 
 
 us neut. 
 
 barbitus . 
 *vulgus 
 
 c 
 
 n 
 
 ses 
 cespes 
 
 n 
 m 
 
 go fern. 
 margo 
 
 c 
 
 mus . m 
 
 palus . f 
 tellus . / 
 
 3rd DECL. 
 
 fomes 
 
 m 
 
 sfem. 
 dens 
 
 
 o mas. 
 
 
 gurges 
 limes 
 
 m 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 grus . c 
 
 caro 
 
 f 
 
 paries 
 pes 
 
 m 
 m 
 
 fons 
 mons 
 
 m 
 m 
 
 I neut. 
 
 
 
 trames 
 
 m 
 
 pons 
 
 m 
 
 sol . m 
 
 or mas. 
 
 
 
 
 tridens 
 
 m 
 
 
 sequor 
 cor 
 
 n 
 n 
 
 is fern. 
 collis 
 
 m 
 
 rudens 
 
 c 
 
 4th DECL. 
 
 marmor 
 
 n 
 
 crinis 
 
 m 
 
 stirps 
 
 c 
 
 domus . / 
 
 as mas. 
 
 
 ensis 
 
 funis * 
 ignis 
 
 m 
 m 
 m 
 
 oc fern. 
 apex 
 
 m 
 
 manus . f 
 tribus . f 
 
 dos 
 
 f 
 
 lapis 
 
 m 
 
 calix 
 
 m 
 
 
 
 
 mensis 
 
 m 
 
 frutex 
 
 m 
 
 5th DECL. 
 
 ps-oris 
 
 n 
 
 orbis 
 
 m 
 
 grex 
 
 m 
 
 
 os-ossis 
 
 n 
 
 panis 
 
 m 
 
 latex 
 
 m 
 
 dies . c 
 
 * Vulgus is also masculine. 
 
 Note. There are other exceptions in the language, but being of rare 
 occurrence, they are omitted here as unnecessarily burthensome to the 
 memory, and therefore reserved for the more mature scholar. 
 
INTRODUCTION TO THE DERIVATIVES. 
 
 A pupil, who has previously made himself master of the 
 principal roots of the Latin language, has but little, if any? 
 difficulty afterwards in tracing the derivation of words. There 
 are, however, certain derivatives whose signification could 
 not be clearly ascertained from a mere knowledge of the 
 root : a selection, therefore, of the most important of these 
 has been made, and it will be found that, through the strong 
 association afforded by their connexion with the roots, they 
 can easily be acquired, and indelibly fixed in the mind. 
 
 Much might here be said as to the various mutations 
 which words undergo in branching out into others ; but as 
 this inquiry, when pursued very minutely, is rather matter 
 of curiosity than of practical utility, it is unnecessary to 
 trouble the learner with more than the following observa- 
 tions, which, if properly attended to, will enable him to 
 trace correctly to their roots the great body of derivatives. 
 
 The words produced by the roots have been comprehended, 
 as above, under the general head of derivatives, but are 
 properly to be divided into compounds and derivatives. 
 
 COMPOUNDS. 
 
 The principal composition which takes place in the Latin 
 language is that of the preposition with the verb here 
 follow examples : the words in italics mark the force of the 
 preposition. 
 
 I PREPOSITIONS COMPOUNDED WITH VERBS. 
 
 tfverto to turn away 
 
 aiscindo to cut from 
 

 DERIVATIVES. 
 
 advenio 
 
 to come to 
 
 awplector 
 
 to embrace or fold about 
 
 antevenio 
 
 to come before 
 
 circumfvLndo 
 
 to pour around 
 
 cowjungo 
 
 to join together 
 
 contradlco 
 
 to say against 
 
 describo 
 
 to write of 
 
 demitto 
 
 to send down 
 
 diverto 
 
 to turn in different directions 
 
 rfisjungo 
 
 to disjoin. 
 
 educo 
 
 to lead out of or from 
 
 exeo 
 
 to go out of or from 
 
 mtrudo 
 
 to thrust into 
 
 zwscribo 
 
 to write on 
 
 iwgemo 
 
 to groan deeply 
 
 interipdno 
 
 to put between 
 
 ootrudo 
 
 to thrust against 
 
 perforo 
 
 to bore through 
 
 postscribo 
 
 to write fl/iter 
 
 prcemitto 
 
 to send before 
 
 prcetereo 
 
 to pass oy 
 
 produco 
 
 to lead forth 
 
 reverto 
 
 to turn oac 
 
 retego 
 
 to wwcover 
 
 seduco 
 
 to lead aside 
 
 subscribe* 
 
 to write under 
 
 subterfugio 
 
 to fly underneath 
 
 supertluo 
 
 to flow over or wjpcm 
 
 transeo 
 
 to pass over or beyond 
 
 Here observe, that very frequently, for the sake of euphony, 
 the final consonant of the preposition is changed into the 
 initial letter of the verb. Thus : 
 
 ad and ligo to bind . becomes alligo to bind to 
 
 in and rigo to water . becomes irrigo to irrigate 
 
 con awd misceo to mix . becomes commisceo to mix together 
 
 v,/. ., , a. S to offer or bear to or 
 
 ob and fero to bear . becomes offero j st 
 
 sub awtffodio fo dfi^f . becomes suffodio to dig under 
 
DERIVATIVES. 
 
 PREPOSITIONS COMPOUNDED WITH ADJECTIVES AND 
 ADVERBS. 
 
 ,. ,. ("Justus just 
 
 m negatives, adjec- J * > 
 
 hots and ad-+ JJ * worfh 
 
 verbs, as [ p dens prudmt 
 
 per increases the sig- 
 nification of ad- fcarus dear 
 jectives and ad- J amplus large 
 verbs, ( except], multiim much 
 perfidus, perfi- Lamanter lovingly 
 dious,) as 
 
 injustus unjust 
 impurus impure 
 indignus unworthy 
 impriidens imprudent 
 
 percarus very dear 
 peramplus very large 
 permultiim very much 
 peramanter very lovingly 
 
 sub diminishes the fdulcis sweet subdulcis rather sweet or sweetish 
 signification of\ albus white subalbus rather white or whitish 
 adjectives and\ ater black subater rather black or blackish 
 adverbs, as ^aride drily subaride somewhat drily 
 
 Substantives, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs, are often 
 compounded with each other, but are always apparent 
 through previous acquaintance with the roots. 
 
 DERIVATIVES. 
 
 The greater portion of derived words have the following 
 terminations, and are traced to their root as follows : 
 
 DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 io from supine, as 
 
 act-io ionis an acting or action from actum sup. of ago, to act 
 cant-io iSnis a singing .. cantum . . cano, to sing 
 
 mot-io ionis a moving or motion . motum . . moveo,to move 
 vers-io ionis a turning or version . versum . . verto, to turn 
 
 us from supine, as 
 
 actus us an acting or act from actum sup, of ago, to act 
 cant-us us a singing or song . cantum . . cano, to sing 
 
 mot-us us a moving or movement . motum . . moveo,to move 
 vers-us us a turning or verse . versum . . verto, to turn 
 b 
 
DERIVATIVES. 
 
 or from supine, as 
 
 amator oris a lover from amatum sup. of amo, to love 
 
 cant-or oris a singer . cantum . . cano, to sing 
 
 genit-or oris a father . genitum . . gigno, to beget 
 
 venat-or oris a hunter . *venatus part, of venor, to hunt 
 
 trix from supine, as 
 
 amatr-ix icis she that loves from amatum sup. of amo, to love 
 
 cantr-ix Tcis she that sings . cantum . . cano to sing 
 
 genitr-ix icis a mother . genitum . . gigno, to beget 
 
 venatr-ix icis a huntress . *venJxtxispart. of venor, to hunt 
 
 um from supine, as 
 
 dict-um i a word or thing spoken,from dictum sup .of dico ,to say 
 fact-um i a deed or thing done . factum . f ado, to make 
 tect-um i a house or thing covered . tectum . tego, to cover 
 f a garland or thing in- } 
 terwreathed J 
 
 sert-um 1 
 
 { 
 
 sertum . sero, to wreath 
 
 ur&from supine, as 
 
 cultur-a a? 
 
 culture 
 
 mixtiir-a se 
 
 mixture 
 
 pictiir-a se 
 
 picture 
 
 scriptura se 
 
 scripture 
 
 from cultum sup. ofcolo f to till 
 
 mixtum . . m/'sceo, to mix 
 pictum . . pingo, to paint 
 scriptum . . scribo, to write 
 
 men from pr. tense and supine, as 
 
 fulcim-en inis a prop from fulcio to prop 
 
 tegm-en inis a covering . tego to cover 
 
 acum-en inis a point . acutum sup. ofacuo, to sharpen 
 
 volum-en inis a volume 
 
 volutum 
 
 , volvo, to roll 
 
 mentum from supine, as 
 
 argument-um i argument from argiitum sup.of arguo,to argue 
 ligament-um i ligament . ligatum . . ligo, to bind 
 monument-um i monument . monitum . . moneo, to advise 
 nutriment- um i nutriment . nutritum . nutrio, to nourish 
 
 * Venatus] when the root verb is deponent, the derivative is formed from 
 the participle in the same manner as the supine of an active verb. 
 
aequit-as atis 
 
 atrocit-as atis 
 
 asperit-as atis 
 
 suavit-as atis 
 
 DERIVATIVES. 
 
 tas from adjectives, as 
 
 equity from sequus 
 atrocity . atrox 
 asperity . asper 
 suavity . suavis 
 
 equal 
 atrocious 
 rough 
 siveet 
 
 acitas from adjectives in ax (see page xvi), as 
 
 audacit-as 
 
 atis 
 
 audacity from audax 
 
 audacious 
 
 capacit-as 
 
 atis 
 
 capacity capax 
 
 capacious 
 
 feracit-as 
 
 atis 
 
 fruitfulness ferax 
 
 fruitful 
 
 voracit-as 
 
 atis 
 
 voracity . vorax 
 
 voracious 
 
 tia from adjectives, as 
 
 duriti-a se hardness from durus hard 
 
 grati-a se grace x . gratus grateful 
 
 leetiti-a ae joy . hetus joyful 
 
 clementi-a ae clemency . cleraens merciful 
 
 DIMINUTIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 Diminutive substantives are for the most part formed by- 
 changing, in the first declension, A into ula : in the second, 
 us into uxus, um_ into u;lum, and um after a vowel into 
 oijjm ; and in the third declension, by adding culus, 
 cula, or culum to the nominative, according to the gender 
 of the root, as * 
 
 FIRST DECLENSION. 
 
 gemm-a 
 
 ae 
 
 a gem 
 
 gemmula 
 
 a little gem 
 
 gutt-a 
 
 33 
 
 a drop 
 
 guttula 
 
 a little drop 
 
 rip -a 
 
 86 
 
 a bank 
 
 ripula 
 
 a little bank 
 
 rot-a 
 
 se 
 
 a wheel 
 
 rotula 
 
 a little wheel 
 
 SECOND DECLENSION. 
 
 glob -us 
 
 i 
 
 a globe 
 
 globulus 
 
 a little globe 
 
 ram us 
 
 i 
 
 a branch 
 
 ramulus 
 
 a little branch 
 
 sacc-us 
 
 i 
 
 a sack 
 
 sacculus 
 
 a little sack 
 
 puer 
 
 i 
 
 a boy 
 
 puerulus 
 
 a little boy 
 
DERIVATIVES. 
 
 from adjectives, as 
 
 aequo 
 cseco 
 duro 
 firmo 
 
 to equal 
 to make blind 
 to harden 
 to strengthen 
 
 from sequus, a um 
 . csecus, a um 
 . durus, a um 
 . firmus, a um 
 
 equal 
 blind 
 hard 
 firm 
 
 aspero 
 lacero 
 celebro 
 celero 
 
 to make rough 
 to tear 
 to celebrate 
 to hasten 
 
 from asper, era erum 
 . lacer, era erum 
 . celeber, bris 
 . celer, eris 
 
 rough 
 torn 
 
 celebrated 
 swift 
 
 
 from substantives and adjectives in is, < 
 
 is 
 
 finio 
 vestio 
 lenio 
 mollio 
 
 to end 
 to clothe 
 to allay 
 to soften 
 
 from finis, is 
 
 4 . vestis, is 
 
 . lenis, is 
 
 . mollis, is 
 
 an end 
 a garment 
 mild 
 soft 
 
 Frequentative verbs imply frequency : they are 
 formed from the supines of other verbs by changing um 
 into o, to, or ito, and are always of the first conjugation. 
 
 Desiderative verbs imply desire : they are formed 
 from the supines of other verbs by changing um into urio, 
 and are always of the fourth conjugation. 
 
 Inceptive verbs imply beginning : and are formed 
 from the present tense of other verbs by changing o into 
 sco, they retain the perfect tense of the root verb, and are 
 always of the third conjugation. 
 
 FREQUENTATIVE VERBS. 
 
 pello pepuli pulsum to beat 
 hxreo hasi hsesum to stick 
 
 gives pulso to beat often 
 hsesito to slick often 
 
 whence pulsatio pulsation 
 haesitatio hesitation 
 
 DESIDEKAT1VE VERBS. 
 
 edo edi esum to eat gix.es esurio to desire to eat whence esuries hunger 
 pario peperi partum to bring forth parturio to desire to bring forth parturitio partnritk 
 
 INCEPTIVE VERBS. 
 
 madeo madui - 
 floreo Jlorui - 
 
 ~ to be wet 
 to flower 
 
 gives madesco to begin to be wet 
 floresco to begin to flower. 
 
DERIVATIVES. 
 
 DERIVATIVE ADVERBS. 
 
 The greater part of derivative adverbs end in e and ter, 
 and are formed from adjectives and present participles as 
 follows : 
 
 digne 
 late 
 
 obscure 
 severs 
 
 worthily 
 widely 
 obscurely 
 severely 
 
 from diguus 
 . latus 
 . obsciirus 
 . severus 
 
 worthy 
 wide 
 obscure 
 severe 
 
 facile 
 sublime 
 triste 
 turpe 
 
 easily 
 on high 
 sadly 
 basely 
 
 from facilis 
 . sublimis 
 . tristis 
 . turpis 
 
 easy 
 lofty 
 sad 
 base 
 
 breviter 
 fortiter 
 graviter 
 suaviter 
 
 shortly 
 bravely 
 gravely 
 sweetly 
 
 from brevis 
 . fortis 
 . gravis 
 . suavis 
 
 short 
 
 brave or strong 
 
 heavy 
 
 sweet 
 
 amanter 
 libenter 
 
 lovingly 
 willingly 
 
 from a mans 
 . lib ens 
 
 loving 
 willing 
 
ROOTS. 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 FIRST DECLENSION. 
 
 
 FIRST 
 
 LESSON. 
 
 
 Wing 
 
 /. ala 
 
 se ivhence alacrity 
 
 anchor 
 
 f. anchora 
 
 ae 
 
 . anchorage 
 
 hand maid 
 
 /. an cilia 
 
 33 
 
 . ancillary 
 
 water 
 
 /. aqua 
 
 a3 
 
 . aquatic 
 
 eagle 
 
 f. aquila 
 
 ae 
 
 . aquiline 
 
 altar 
 
 /. ara 
 
 se 
 
 . Arabella 
 
 a chest 
 
 f. area 
 
 se 
 
 . ark 
 
 sand 
 
 /. arena 
 
 ae 
 
 . an arena 
 
 hall 
 
 f. aula 
 
 33 
 
 . . hall 
 
 breeze 
 
 f. aura 
 
 33 
 
 . air 
 
 oats 
 
 f. avena 
 
 83 
 
 . , avenage 
 
 berry 
 
 f. bacca 
 
 33 
 
 . . baccated 
 
 beard 
 
 /. barba 
 
 93 
 
 . . barber 
 
 beast 
 
 f, bestla 
 
 33 
 
 . . bestial 
 
 Ancillary] i. e. subservient to. 
 
 Aquiline] from aquila, an eagle, is derived the word aquiline j whence 
 aquiline nose, from its similarity to the beak of an eagle. 
 
 Arabella] a woman's name, from ara, an altar, and bella, fair. 
 
 An arena] is an enclosed place for fighters, so called from arena, because 
 covered with sand to drink up the blood. 
 
 Avenage] i. e. a certain quantity of oats paid to a landlord by a tenant 
 instead of rent : avena likewise signifies an oaten straw, a pipe. 
 
 Baccated] i. e. set with berries bacca is poetically used to signify 
 a pearl, as collo monile baccatum, a pearl necklace. Hence also is de- 
 rived the term, Artium Baccalaureus, Bachelor of Arts, compounded of 
 bacca, a berry, and laurus, a laurel, because formerly they were crowned 
 with a wreath composed of the berries of the laurel. 
 B 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 mid -winter 
 
 f. bruma 
 
 se 
 
 whence brumal 
 
 chamber 
 
 f. camera 
 
 se 
 
 . . camera obscura 
 
 keel 
 
 /. carina 
 
 se 
 
 . . to careen 
 
 cottage 
 
 /. casa 
 
 
 
 . . case 
 
 chestnut 
 
 /. castanea 
 
 se 
 
 . . chestnut 
 
 chain 
 
 /. catena 
 
 se 
 
 . . concatenation 
 
 cause 
 
 f. causa 
 
 se 
 
 . . causal 
 
 cell 
 
 /. cella 
 
 se 
 
 . . cellar 
 
 wax 
 
 /. cera 
 
 se 
 
 . . cerate 
 
 paper 
 
 /. charta 
 
 se_ 
 
 . . chart 
 
 a chord 
 
 /. chorda 
 
 se 
 
 . . harpsichord 
 
 harp 
 
 /. cithara 
 
 se 
 
 . . guitar 
 
 pigeon 
 
 f. columba 
 
 se 
 
 . . a ctolumbary 
 
 column 
 
 /. columna 
 
 se 
 
 . . a column 
 
 hair 
 
 f. coma 
 
 se 
 
 . . to comb C <3*< ft 
 
 conch 
 
 /. concha 
 
 se 
 
 . . a conch 
 
 abundance 
 
 f. copia 
 
 se 
 
 . . copious 
 
 crown 
 
 /. corona 
 
 se 
 
 . . coronet 
 
 rib or side 
 
 /. costa 
 
 se 
 
 . . to accost 
 
 goblet 
 
 f. cratera 
 
 se 
 
 . , a crater 
 
 crest 
 
 f. crista 
 
 se 
 
 . . crested 
 
 kitchen 
 
 f. culina 
 
 se 
 
 . . culinary 
 
 fault 
 
 /. culpa 
 
 se 
 
 . . culpable 
 
 eare 
 
 /. cura 
 
 se 
 
 . . a sinecure 
 
 Brumal] bruma properly signifies the shortest day in winter, and is 
 derived from the superlative of brevis, short, of which it is a contraction : 
 thus, brevissima becomes by syncope brevima, then breuma, lastly bruma. 
 
 Camera obscura] a darkened room or place, into which a beam of 
 light being admitted, the images of external objects are exhibited dis- 
 tinctly in their natural colours by means of a proper apparatus. In 
 portable cameras, the box, wherein the apparatus is fixed, is the darkened 
 room or place. 
 
 To careen] i. e. to scrape or clean the bottom of a vessel. Carina is 
 frequently used to express the vessel itself. 
 
 Casa] casa, a cottage, properly signifies a small dwelling place, of very 
 little solidity, and made of poor materials : whence is derived the word 
 case, signifying an outward covering, box, sheath, &c. 
 
 Cerate] i. e. medicine made of wax. 
 
 A columbary] i. e. a dove-cot or pigeon-house. 
 
 Copious] copia, in the plural number, signifies forces. 
 
 To accost] i. e. to go up to the side of one. 
 
 A crater] from cratera, a goblet, comes a crater 5 i. e. ,the mouth of a 
 volcano or burning mountain, so called from being hollow like a cup or 
 goblet. 
 
 Sinecure] is compounded of sine, without, and cura, care, an office 
 which has revenue without any employment. 
 
HOOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 a court 
 
 /. curia 
 
 ae whence curiality 
 
 deer 
 
 f. dama 
 
 se 
 
 . . un daim (Fr.) 
 
 letter 
 
 f. epistola 
 
 83 
 
 . . epistolary 
 
 food 
 
 /. esca 
 
 83 
 
 . esculent 
 
 fable 
 
 /. fabula 
 
 se 
 
 , . fabulous 
 
 fame 
 
 f. fama 
 
 83 
 
 . famous 
 
 woman 
 
 /. femina 
 
 83 
 
 . feminine 
 
 window 
 
 f. fenestra 
 
 83 
 
 . . fenestral 
 
 wild beast 
 
 f. fera 
 
 83 
 
 . . ferocious 
 
 flame 
 
 f. flamma 
 
 83 
 
 . . flammable 
 
 form 
 
 f. forma 
 
 83 
 
 . . formation 
 
 helmet 
 
 /. galea 
 
 83 
 
 . galeated 
 
 wealth 
 
 /. gaza 
 
 83 
 
 . a gazette 
 
 gem 
 
 f. gemma 
 
 83 
 
 . gem 
 
 glebe ' C 
 
 /. gleba 
 
 83 
 
 . glebe land 
 
 glory 
 
 /. gloria 
 
 83 
 
 . . glorious 
 
 throat 
 
 /. gula 
 
 83 
 
 , . gullet 
 
 drop 
 
 /. gutta 
 
 ae 
 
 . gutter 
 
 spear 
 
 f. hasta 
 
 83 
 
 . hastated 
 
 grass 
 
 /. herba 
 
 83 
 
 . herbage 
 
 history 
 
 /. historia 
 
 83 
 
 . historian 
 
 hour 
 
 f. hora 
 
 83 
 
 . hourly 
 
 . the Host IxdiSfaofZ, 
 
 victim 
 
 f. hostia 
 
 83 
 
 island 
 
 f. insula 
 
 83 
 
 . joewinsula 
 
 anger 
 
 /. ira 
 
 83 
 
 . irascible 
 
 gate 
 
 /. janua. 
 
 83 
 
 . January 
 
 tear 
 
 f. lachryma 
 
 83 
 
 . lachrymal 
 
 wool 
 
 f. lana 
 
 83 
 
 . /lannel 
 
 Curiality] i. e. the privileges or retinue of a court. 
 
 Esculent] i. e. good for food, eatable. 
 
 Fenestral] i. e. belonging to a window. 
 
 Galeated] in Botany, signifies hooded; i. e. having a flower like a 
 helmet. 
 
 A gazette] from gaza, wealth, is derived the Venetian word gazetta, 
 a small coin j the newspaper first published at Venice, being sold for a 
 gazetta, took its name therefrom, whence gazette. 
 
 Hastated] in Botany, signifies having a leaf like the head of a spear. 
 
 The Host] from hostia, a victim, comes the Host j i. e. the consecrated 
 wafer offered as the victim in the Romish church. 
 
 Peninsula] from pene, almost, and insula, an island. 
 
 January] so called because it is the gate or opening of the year. 
 B 2 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 lb. scales 
 
 /. libra 
 
 9e whence libration 
 
 line 
 
 f. linea 
 
 se 
 
 . . to delineate 
 
 tongue 
 
 /. lingua 
 
 se 
 
 . linguist 
 
 letter 
 
 ./. litera 
 
 se 
 
 . literal 
 
 moon 
 
 f' }una. 
 
 se 
 
 . lunatic^ 
 . . limpid 
 
 water 
 
 f. lympha 
 
 se 
 
 machine 
 
 f. machina 
 
 se 
 
 . machinery 
 
 stain 
 
 f. macula 
 
 se 
 
 . immaculate 
 
 breast 
 
 f. mamma 
 
 se 
 
 . mamma 
 
 table 
 
 f. mensa 
 
 se _ . 
 
 . mensal 
 
 goal 
 
 f. meta 
 
 se 
 
 . metes 
 
 a grain 
 
 /. mica 
 
 se 
 
 . micacious- 
 
 mill; flour 
 
 f. mola 
 
 se 
 
 . meal 
 
 delay- 
 
 /. mora 
 
 se 
 
 . to demur 
 
 song 
 
 /. musa 
 
 se 
 
 . . musical 
 
 sailor 
 
 /. nauta 
 
 se 
 
 , nautical 
 
 square rule 
 
 /. norma 
 
 se 
 
 . . enormous 
 
 nymph 
 
 /. nympha 
 
 ae 
 
 . nymph 
 
 olive tree 
 
 /. olea 
 
 se 
 
 . olive 
 
 coast 
 
 / ora 
 
 se 
 
 . the horizon 
 
 long robe 
 
 /. palla 
 
 se 
 
 . a pall 
 
 hand 
 
 f. palm a 
 
 se 
 
 . palmistry 
 
 palm tree 
 
 f. palma 
 
 se 
 
 . a palmer 
 
 patera 
 
 /. patera 
 
 se 
 
 . a patera 
 
 ^libration] from libra, a pound, comes , for a pound sterling, and 
 lb. a pound in weight. 
 
 Lunatic] so called from the supposed influence of the moon on insane 
 persons. 
 
 Mensal] i. e. belonging to, or transacted at the table. 
 
 Metes] from meta, a goal, is derived metes, a term in law signifying 
 limits ; as, in judgment in dower, to recover per metas et bundas, by metes 
 and bounds. 
 
 Micacious] i. e. glittering like small particles, as grains of sand y 
 salt, &c. 
 
 Enormous] i. e. out of square. 
 
 The horizon] ora, a coast, is derived from the Greek opos, a boundary^ 
 because a coast is the extremity of the land; hence also comes horizon, 
 which signifies the extreme line or circle which bounds the view. 
 
 Palmistry] a pretended art of foretelling fortune by the lines of the 
 pulm of the hand. 
 
 A palmer] a name given to pilgrims when they returned from the Holy 
 Land, because they carried branches of the palm tree. 
 
 A patera] a kind of broad goblet (from pateo, to lie open) used for liba- 
 tions at sacrifices. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 country 
 
 wing 
 
 tennis-ball 
 
 stroke 
 
 region 
 
 plant 
 
 feather 
 
 punishment 
 
 gate 
 
 prey 
 
 prow 
 
 fight 
 
 purple 
 
 chink 
 
 bank 
 
 rose 
 
 wheel 
 
 wrinkle 
 
 arrow 
 
 boat 
 
 scene 
 
 school 
 
 spark 
 
 bristle 
 
 ear of corn 
 
 thorn 
 
 f. patria 
 
 /. penna 
 
 /. pila 
 
 /. plaga 
 
 /. plaga 
 
 f. planta 
 
 /. pluma 
 
 /. poena 
 
 /. porta 
 
 f. prseda 
 
 f. prora 
 
 /. pugna 
 
 f. purpura 
 
 f. rima 
 
 /. ripa 
 
 f. rosa 
 
 /. rota 
 
 /. ruga 
 
 whence patriotic 
 . pen 
 . a pill 
 , plague 
 , place 
 , plantation 
 plumage 
 . penal 
 . portal 
 , predatory 
 . a prore 
 , pugnacious 
 
 purple 
 , rimose 
 
 to ripple 
 . rosy 
 
 rotatory 
 
 rugged 
 
 SECOND LESSON 
 
 /. sagitta se 
 
 f. scapha ae 
 
 f. scena se 
 
 /. schola a? 
 
 f. scintilla se 
 
 /. seta se 
 
 f. spica se 
 
 /. spina a? 
 
 Sagittarius 
 skiff 
 scenery 
 scholar 
 scintillation - 
 setaceous 
 a spike 
 the spine 
 
 Portal] The principal gate at the entrance of the seraglio at Constanti- 
 nople is a noble structure of marble, built by Mahomet II., as recorded by 
 an inscription thereon in gold and azure, and is guarded by fifty mutes 
 who converse by signs. This gate was called by way of eminence the 
 Porte, from porta, a gate; whence the name of thb ports, a title, by 
 which the Court of the Ottoman Empire is now generally distinguished. 
 
 A prore] i.e. the prow, or fore part of a ship. 
 
 Rimose] i. e. full of chinks. 
 
 To ripple] from ripa, the bank of a river, comes ripula, a little bank ; 
 and thence comes to ripple, as applied to little streams of running water. 
 
 Sagittarius] the Archer, one of the twelve signs of the zodiac. 
 
 Scintillation] i. e. a sparkling. 
 
 Setaceous] i. e. bristly, set with strong hairs. 
 
 The spine] the spine or back-bone is so called from its similarity to a 
 thorn stick. 
 
 B 3 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 foam 
 
 f. spuma 
 
 se whence spume 
 
 scale of fish 
 
 f. squama 
 
 6 . 
 
 squamosity 
 
 star 
 
 f. stella 
 
 se . . 
 
 constellation 
 
 drop 
 
 /. stilla 
 
 se . . 
 
 distillation 
 
 straw- 
 
 y. stipula 
 
 se . . 
 
 to stipulate - 
 
 leg 
 
 f. sura 
 
 se 
 
 sural 
 
 syllable 
 
 f. syllaba 
 
 se 
 
 syllable 
 
 wood 
 
 /. sylva 
 
 se . , 
 
 sylvan 
 
 tavern 
 
 f. taberna 
 
 se . , 
 
 tavern 
 
 plank 
 
 f. tabula 
 
 se 
 
 tabular 
 
 web 
 
 /. tela 
 
 se . < 
 
 toils 
 
 earth 
 
 /'. terra 
 
 se 
 
 terrestrial 
 
 shell 
 
 /. testa 
 
 se 
 
 . testaceous 
 
 gown 
 
 /. toga 
 
 se 
 
 the Toga 
 
 tunic 
 
 /. tunica 
 
 se 
 
 . tunic 
 
 crowd 
 
 /. turba 
 
 se 
 
 turbid 
 
 troop 
 
 f. turma 
 
 se 
 
 turmoil 
 
 shadow 
 
 f. umbra 
 
 se 
 
 . umbrageous 
 
 wave 
 
 /. unda 
 
 se . 
 
 . undulation 
 
 cow 
 
 /. vacca 
 
 se 
 
 vaccination 
 
 vein 
 
 /. vena 
 
 se 
 
 . vein 
 
 pardon 
 
 /. venia 
 
 se 
 
 . venial 
 
 slave 
 
 m, verna 
 
 se 
 
 . vernacular 
 
 Squamosity] i. e. the being covered with scales. 
 
 Constellation] from con, together, and stella, a star; i. e. a cluster of 
 stars, or stars together. 
 
 Distillation] i. e. a dropping from. 
 
 To stipulate] to stipulate is strictly to settle terms beforehand, in sign 
 whereof it was anciently the custom with buyers and sellers to break a straw 
 between them, by joining which, on meeting again, they recognized the 
 bargain. 
 
 Sural] sura is properly the calf of the leg, and thence comes sural in 
 Anatomy, which signifies belonging to the calf. 
 
 Tabular] tabula is strictly a plank; planks, being placed on tressels, gave 
 the name of table ; whence also, tablets, little planks of ivory. 
 
 Toils] from tela, a web, is derived the term toils, i. e. any net or snare 
 woven or meshed. 
 
 Terrestrial] from terra, the earth, also comes interment; hence also 
 terrier, a dog that follows the game under ground. 
 
 The Toga] a gown worn by the Romans. 
 
 Turmoil] turma, a troop of horsemen, is derived from a Greek word sig- 
 nifying tumultuous : hence is derived turmoil, i. e. confusion, trouble, &c. 
 
 Vaccination] vaccination is the inoculating with a virus or matter taken 
 from a cow. 
 
 Vernacular] verna is properly a home-born slave ; vernacular therefore 
 signifies native, belonging to one's own country, as vernacular tongue, 
 idiom, &c. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 way 
 
 /. via 
 
 se whe 
 
 nee to deviate - 
 
 wand 
 
 /. virga 
 
 se 
 
 . a verger 
 
 life 
 
 /. vita 
 
 a? 
 
 PLURALS. 
 
 . vital 
 
 banquet 
 
 /. epulse 
 
 arum . 
 
 . epulation 
 
 threats 
 
 /. minse 
 
 arum . 
 
 . to menace 
 
 darkness 
 
 /. tenebrse 
 
 arum . 
 
 . tenebrosity 
 
 folding doors 
 
 f. valvee 
 
 arum . 
 
 . a valve 
 
 SECOND DECLENSION. 
 
 heap 
 
 m. 
 
 acervus 
 
 lamb 
 
 m. 
 
 agnus 
 
 friend 
 
 m. 
 
 amicus 
 
 corner 
 
 m. 
 
 angulus 
 
 mind ; courage 
 
 m. 
 
 animus 
 
 year 
 
 m. 
 
 annus 
 
 arbutus 
 
 / 
 
 arbutus 
 
 autumn 
 
 m. 
 
 autumnus 
 
 wine 
 
 m. 
 
 Bacchus 
 
 bench 
 
 m. 
 
 bancus 
 
 pack horse 
 
 m. 
 
 caballus 
 
 laughter 
 
 m. 
 
 cachinnus 
 
 cask 
 
 m. 
 
 cudus 
 
 to acervate 
 
 Agnus Dei 
 
 amicable 
 
 angular 
 
 animated 
 
 annual 
 
 the arbutus 
 
 autumnal 
 
 bacchanalian 
 
 bankrupt 
 
 cavalry 
 
 cachinnation - 
 
 a cade 
 
 To deviate] i.e. to go from, or out of, the way. 
 
 A verger] an inferior officer who carries a wand. 
 
 Epulation] extravagant feasting. 
 
 Tenebrosity] i. e. darkness, gloom. 
 
 A valve] valve, in Anatomy, is a thin membrane, like a door, in divers 
 cavities and vessels of the body, which affords a passage to the air, humours, 
 food, &c, and, by reason of opening but one way, prevents a return of 
 whatsoever has once passed through. Valves in mechanics, as in steam 
 engines, balloons, &c, are on the same principle. 
 
 To acervate] i. e. to heap up. 
 
 Agnus Dei] the Lamb of God; a little crucifix worn by religious persons 
 in Catholic countries. 
 
 A bankrupt] from bancus, a bench, comes bankrupt. This word is imme- 
 diately derived from the Italian banco, and rot to, broken, from rumpo, to 
 break. The money-changers in Italy used to sit on benches, and, when 
 any of them failed in meeting the demands made upon them, their bench 
 was broken. This custom still prevails in Naples, particularly amongst 
 fruit-sellers and those who expose articles on benches in the public places. 
 
 Cachinnation] i. e. loud laughter. 
 
 A cade] a cag, a little cask or barrel. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 reed 
 
 m. calamus i w 
 
 hence a calamist 
 
 brawn 
 
 m. callus i 
 
 . . callous 
 
 hearth 
 
 m. caminus i 
 
 . a chimney 
 
 plain 
 
 m. campus i 
 
 . . champaign 
 
 cheese 
 
 m. caseus i 
 
 . cheese 
 
 stag 
 
 m. cervus i 
 
 . un cerf (Fr.) 
 
 choir 
 
 m. chorus i 
 
 . choral 
 
 food 
 
 m, cibus i 
 
 * cibarious 
 
 circle 
 
 m. circus i 
 
 . . circular 
 
 side of hill 
 
 m. clivus i 
 
 , . cliff 
 
 cone 
 
 m. conus i 
 
 . conical 
 
 raven 
 
 m, corvus i 
 
 . crow 
 
 saffron 
 
 m, crocus i 
 
 . a crocus 
 
 heap 
 
 m. cumulus i 
 
 . . accumulation 
 
 wedge 
 
 m. cuneus i 
 
 . coin 
 
 cypress 
 
 c. cupressus i 
 
 . cypress 
 
 swan 
 
 m. cycnus i 
 
 . cygnet 
 
 God 
 
 m. Deus i 
 
 . Deity 
 
 finger 
 
 m. digitus i 
 
 . digit 
 
 quoit 
 
 m. discus i 
 
 . disk 
 
 God, saint 
 
 m. Divus i 
 
 . Divinity 
 
 guile 
 
 m. dolus i 
 
 . sw^dolous 
 
 lord 
 
 m. dominus i 
 
 . . dominion 
 
 bush 
 
 m. dumus i 
 
 . dumosity 
 
 horse 
 
 m. equus i 
 
 . equestrian 
 
 desert 
 
 f. eremus i 
 
 . hermit 
 
 servant 
 
 m. famulus i 
 
 . familiar 
 
 son 
 
 m. Alius i 
 
 . filial 
 
 hearth 
 
 m. focus i 
 
 . a focus 
 
 A calamist] i. e one who pipes or plays on a reed. 
 
 Champaign] i. e. the open country. 
 
 Cibarious] i. e. relating to food. 
 
 Coin] from cuneus, a wedge, is derived coin, so called because the metal 
 is cut into wedges in order to be coined. 
 
 Disk] disk signifies the body or face of the sun, moon, or stars, as they 
 appear to the eye, so called from discus, a quoit, from its resemblance thereto. 
 
 Subdolous] crafty, full of guile. 
 
 Dumosity] i. e. the being overgrown with bushes. 
 
 A focus] focus is literally the place where the fire was made, whence it 
 is used to express the exact point where the rays of the sun meet together 
 by means of a burning-glass. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 paint 
 
 m. fucus i w?i 
 
 ence fucated 
 
 smoke 
 
 m. fumus i 
 
 , . fume 
 
 bottom 
 
 m. fundus i 
 
 . fundamental 
 
 cock 
 
 m. gallus i 
 
 . gallinaceous 
 
 sword 
 
 m. gladius i 
 
 . gladiators 
 
 globe 
 
 m. globus i 
 
 . globular 
 
 hook 
 
 m. hamus i 
 
 . hamated 
 
 garden 
 
 m. hortus i 
 
 . horticulture 
 
 shoulder 
 
 m. humerus i 
 
 . humeral 
 
 ground 
 
 f. humus i 
 
 . to mhume 
 
 joke 
 
 m. jocus i 
 
 . jocund 
 
 arm 
 
 m. lacertus i 
 
 . . a lizard 
 
 laurel 
 
 /. laurus i 
 
 . Poet laureate - 
 
 mud 
 
 m. limus i 
 
 . slime 
 
 place 
 
 $ locus;/?/. loci; \ . 
 m ' I and n. loca j 
 
 . . local 
 
 wolf 
 
 m. lupus i 
 
 . Lupercal 
 
 lamp 
 
 m. lychnus i 
 
 . a link 
 
 husband 
 
 m. maritus i 
 
 . marriage 
 
 manner 
 
 m. modus i 
 
 . mode 
 
 disease 
 
 m. morbus i 
 
 . . morbid 
 
 world 
 
 m. mundus i 
 
 . mundane 
 
 wall 
 
 m. murus i 
 
 . to immure 
 
 nerve 
 
 m. nervus i 
 
 . nervous 
 
 nest 
 
 m. nidus i 
 
 . to nidulate 
 
 Fucated] i. e. disguised with paint. 
 
 Gallinaceous] from gallus, a cock, comes gallina, a hen, and thence gal- 
 linaceous, i. e. belonging to the order of birds termed gallince. 
 
 Gladiators] from gladius, a sword, is derived the term gladiators, i. e. 
 persons retained among the Romans to fight for the entertainment of the 
 people. 
 
 Horticulture] i. e. the art of cultivating gardens. 
 
 Humeral] i. e. belonging to the shoulders. 
 
 To inhume] to bury or put in the ground ; from humus, the ground, also 
 comes posthumous works; i. e. works published after one's death. 
 
 A lizard) lacertus properly signifies the part of the arm from the elbow 
 to the wrist ; hence it also signifies a lizard, because of the similarity of 
 its feet to the part of the arm called lacertus. 
 
 Poet laureate] i. e. the king's poet, crowned with laurel. 
 
 Lupercal] the Lupercalia were solemn sacrifices in honour of the god 
 Pan, and so called because held at the foot of Mount Palatine, where 
 Romulus and Remus were fostered by a she wolf. 
 
 To nidulate] i. e. to make or build a nest. 
 
10- 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 
 
 THIRD LESSON. 
 
 
 knot 
 
 m. 
 
 nodus i w 
 
 hence a noose 
 
 number 
 
 m. 
 
 numerus i 
 
 . numerous 
 
 money 
 
 m. 
 
 nummus i 
 
 . nummary 
 
 ocean 
 
 m. 
 
 oceanus i 
 
 . the ocean 
 
 eye 
 
 m. 
 
 oculus i 
 
 . oculist 
 
 village 
 
 m. 
 
 pagus i 
 
 . . ' feagan 
 
 stake 
 
 m. 
 
 palus i 
 
 . paling 
 
 sea 
 
 n. 
 
 pelagus i 
 
 . Archipelago 
 
 food 
 
 c. 
 
 penus i 
 
 . Penates 
 
 hair 
 
 m. 
 
 pilus i 
 
 . caterpillar * 
 
 pine tree 
 
 / 
 
 pinus i - 
 
 . a pine 
 
 pole 
 
 m. 
 
 polus i 
 
 . the Poles 
 
 sea 
 
 m. 
 
 pontus i 
 
 . th& Hellespont 
 
 people 
 
 m. 
 
 populus X 
 
 . populous 
 
 a poplar 
 
 f. populus i 
 
 . . poplar 
 
 cluster 
 
 m. 
 
 racemus i 
 
 . . a race 
 
 ray 
 
 m. 
 
 radius i 
 
 . . radiant 
 
 branch 
 
 m. 
 
 ramus i 
 
 . ramification 
 
 oar 
 
 m. 
 
 remus i 
 
 . tfn'reme i 
 
 stream 
 
 m. 
 
 rivus i 
 
 . rivulet 
 
 Nummary] i. e. relating to money. 
 
 Pagan] so called because the villages continued heathen after the cities 
 vrere converted to Christianity. 
 
 The Archipelago] from pelagus, the sea, comes the Archipelago, a sea 
 between Europe and Asia, containing the islands anciently called the 
 Cyclades and Sporades. 
 
 Penates] the household gods of the Romans j the name is derived from 
 penus, which comprehends all kind of food appertaining to the household. 
 
 Caterpillar] from pilus, hair, comes caterpillar ; i. e. an insect having 
 hair like a cat. The French call it chdtte pileuse. 
 
 The Hellespont] a strait between Greece and Asia, now called the Dar- 
 danelles; Helle, the daughter of Athamas, king of Thebes, having been 
 drowned therein, it was called the sea of Helle ; i. e. the Hellespont, from 
 Helle, and pontus, the sea. 
 
 A race] racemus, a cluster, is derived from ramus, a branch ; and ramus, 
 a branch, from radix, a root. A race (i. e. a family or nation) is strictly the 
 offspring or generations immediately proceeding from branches, which 
 sprang from some single root or stock, whose name they bear.ln like man- 
 ner as the cluster from the branch, and the branch from the trunk or root. 
 Thus we say, generally, the existing generation is the race of Adam ; and 
 particularly, the Jews are a race belonging to the twelve tribes or branches, 
 which sprung from Israel, the original root or trunk. For this reason I 
 think that the word race is immediately derived from racemus, and not 
 from radix, as stated in most Etymological Dictionaries- 
 Trireme] a Roman vessel with three benches of oars; bireme, two 
 oars, &c. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 11 
 
 bag 
 
 m. saccus i 
 
 whence sack 
 
 high rock 
 
 m. scopulus i 
 
 . . scope 
 
 slave 
 
 m. servus i 
 
 . . servile 
 
 a hissing 
 
 m. sibilus i 
 
 . . sibilation 
 
 sleep 
 
 m, somnus i 
 
 . . somniferous 
 
 sound 
 
 m. sonus i 
 
 . . sonorous 
 
 spur 
 
 m. stimulus i 
 
 . . to stimulate 
 
 juice 
 
 m. succus i 
 
 . . succulent 
 
 furrow 
 
 m. sulcus i 
 
 . . sulcated 
 
 whisper 
 
 m, susurrus i 
 
 . . susurration 
 
 hell 
 
 m. Tartarus i 
 
 . tartarean 
 
 bull 
 
 m. taurus i 
 
 . . the Mmotaur 
 
 boundary 
 
 m. terminus i 
 
 . . termination 
 
 treasure 
 
 m. thesaurus i 
 
 . . treasure 
 
 triumph 
 
 m. triumphus i 
 
 . . triumphal 
 
 trunk of tree 
 
 m. truncus i 
 
 . . truncheon 
 
 tube 
 
 m, tubus i 
 
 . . tube 
 
 tyrant 
 
 m. tyrannus i 
 
 . . tyranny 
 
 stake 
 
 m, vallus i 
 
 . . cjra^mvallation 
 
 wind 
 
 m, ventus i 
 
 . . to ventilate 
 
 street 
 
 m. vicus i 
 
 . vicinity 
 
 wool or hair 
 
 m. villus i 
 
 . . villous 
 
 com. people m 
 
 8fn. vulgus i 
 
 . . vulgar ' 
 
 zephyr 
 
 m. zephyrus i 
 
 . . zephyr 
 
 field 
 
 m. ager gri 
 
 . . agriculture 
 
 Scope] scopulus, a rock, is derived from the Greek anonta), to see, be- 
 cause thence we can see afar ; whence also scope; i. e. space or extensive 
 view, as from the summit of a rock. 
 
 Sibilation] i. e. a hissing sound. 
 
 Somniferous] i. e. causing or procuring sleep. 
 
 Sulcated] i. e. furrowed. 
 
 Susurration] i. e. a whispering or soft murmur. 
 
 The Minotaur] from taurus, a bull, comes the Minotaur, a monster of 
 antiquity, said to be half man, half bull. 
 
 Truncheon] truncus, a trunk, is itself derived from truncus, maimed, 
 because lopped of its branches ; hence is therefore derived the word trun- 
 cheon, which properly signifies a huge club or staff. 
 
 Circumvallation] a military term signifying stakes planted round. 
 
 Villous] villus properly signifies the long hair on the manes of lions, 
 wolves, dogs, &c. and nof that on sheep; therefore the table napkins no- 
 ticed in Virgil, JEn. i. v. 706, mantilia tonsis villis, do not mean woollen 
 napkins, but napkins woven from some fine hair, perhaps similar to the 
 camels'-hair shawls of the present day. From villus comes the word felt, 
 the v being mutable to/. 
 
 Agriculture] from ager, a field, and colo, to cultivate. 
 
12 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 pri whence April 
 
 tri . . austral 
 
 pri . . to caper 
 
 bri . . fabricator 
 
 bri . . library 
 
 tri . . magisterial 
 
 tri . . ministering 
 
 eri . . puerile 
 
 iri . . virility 
 
 . aconite 
 , coeval 
 . antres 
 . arcana 
 . argent 
 . astrowomy 
 Aurora 
 auxiliary 
 balneation 
 to buss 
 rebellion 
 to embrace 
 a canister 
 eccentric 
 celestial 
 oo-*-cene 
 collar 
 
 April] from aper, a boar, is derived Aprilis, April, because in that month 
 it was customary to sacrifice a hog. 
 
 Austral] i. e. southern. 
 
 Aconite] the herb wolfsbane j in poetical language, poison in general. 
 
 Antres] i. e. caverns, dens. 
 
 Arcana] i. e. secrets ; a word adopted into the English language, like 
 memoranda, &c. 
 
 Argent] in Heraldry, the white colour used in coats of arms to represent 
 silver. 
 
 Aurora] from aurum, gold, and hora, an hour, comes Aurora, the god- 
 dess of morning. 
 
 Balneation] i. e. the act of bathing. 
 
 Eccentric] i. e. out of the centre, from ex, out of, and centrum, the centre. 
 
 Obscene] the word obscene is compounded of the preposition ob, on ac- 
 count of, and carnum, mire, s being inserted for sake of euphony. 
 
 boar 
 
 m 
 
 aper 
 
 south wind 
 
 m. 
 
 Auster 
 
 goat 
 
 m. 
 
 caper 
 
 workman 
 
 m 
 
 faber 
 
 book 
 
 m 
 
 liber 
 
 master 
 
 m. 
 
 magister 
 
 servant 
 
 m. 
 
 minister 
 
 boy 
 
 m. 
 
 puer 
 
 man 
 
 m. 
 
 vir 
 
 poison 
 
 n. 
 
 acomtum 
 
 age 
 
 n 
 
 sevum 
 
 cave 
 
 n. 
 
 antrum 
 
 secret 
 
 n. 
 
 arcanum 
 
 silver 
 
 n. 
 
 argentum 
 
 star 
 
 n. 
 
 astrum 
 
 gold 
 
 n. 
 
 aurum 
 
 aid 
 
 n. 
 
 auxilium 
 
 bath 
 
 n. 
 
 balneum 
 
 kiss 
 
 n. 
 
 basium 
 
 war 
 
 n. 
 
 bellum 
 
 arm 
 
 n. 
 
 brachium 
 
 basket 
 
 h. 
 
 canistrum 
 
 centre 
 
 n. 
 
 centrum 
 
 heaven 
 
 n. 
 
 coelum 
 
 mire 
 
 n. 
 
 coenum 
 
 neck 
 
 n. 
 
 collura 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 13 
 
 counsel 
 
 n. consilium i wh 
 
 ence counsellor 
 
 loss 
 
 n. damnum i 
 
 . to damnify 
 
 desert 
 
 n. desertum i 
 
 deserted 
 
 gift 
 
 n. donum i 
 
 . donation 
 
 back 
 
 l. dorsum i 
 
 . to mdorse 
 
 example 
 
 n. exemplum i 
 
 . to exemplify 
 
 fane 
 
 n. fanum i 
 
 . fanatical 
 
 top 
 
 n. fastigium i 
 
 . fastigated 
 
 fate 
 
 ft. fajum i 
 
 . fatal 
 
 iron 
 
 n. ferrum i 
 
 . ferruginous 
 
 thread 
 
 n. filu:n i 
 
 . a file of soldiers 
 
 wickedness 
 
 n. flagitium i 
 
 . flagitious 
 
 hay 
 
 n. foenum i 
 
 . fennel 
 
 leaf 
 
 n. folium i 
 
 . foliage 
 
 forum 
 
 n. forum i 
 
 . forensic 
 
 bridle 
 
 n. frenum i 
 
 . . to refrain 
 
 strait 
 
 n. fretum i 
 
 . a frith 
 
 grain 
 
 n. granum i 
 
 . granary 
 
 empire 
 
 n. imperium i 
 
 . imperial 
 
 throat 
 
 n. jugulum i 
 
 . jugular 
 
 yoke 
 
 n. jugum i 
 
 . to su ^jugate 
 
 ridge of hill 
 
 n. jugum i 
 
 jagged 
 
 up 
 
 n. labium i 
 
 . . labials 
 
 death 
 
 n. lethum i 
 
 . . lethargy 
 
 To indorse] i. e. to write on the back. 
 
 Fanatical] from fanum, a temple, is derived the word fanatical ; i.e. 
 struck with religious frenzy. 
 
 Fastigated] fastigium is properly the ridge of a sloping roof, and thence 
 is derived the word fastigated j i. e. roofed with a slope. 
 
 Ferruginous] i. e. partaking of the particles and quality of iron. 
 
 A file of soldiers] from filum, a thread, comes the military term to file off ; 
 i. e. to march in straight lines; also, a file of soldiers; also, a thread of 
 wire whereon papers are filed. 
 
 Forensic] the forum was properly the market-place ; also the common- 
 place where courts were held in Rome was called the Forum ; Lence the 
 word forensic ; i. e. relating to courts of judicature. 
 
 A frith] is a strait fretum, a strait, is derived from the supine of ferveo, 
 to boil, because narrow seas are usually much disturbed , hence to fret. 
 
 To subjugate] from jugum, a yoke, comes to subjugate; i. e. to bring 
 under the yoke ; the yoke was an erection of spears like a gallows, under 
 which the vanquished were forced to pass. Hence also is derived the 
 word conjugal; i. e. yoked together. 
 
 Labials] those letters of the alphabet are called labials, from labium, a 
 lip, which are pronounced by closing the lips together, as b, p, &c. 
 C 
 
14 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 * 
 
 wood 
 
 n. lignum i wl 
 
 hence ligneous 
 
 thong 
 
 n. lorum i 
 
 . . Lorimers 
 
 gain 
 
 n. lucrum i 
 
 . . lucrative 
 
 five years 
 
 n. lustrum i 
 
 . . lustration 
 
 clay ; mud 
 
 n. lutum i 
 
 . . to pollute 
 
 member 
 
 n. membrum i 
 
 . . member 
 
 monster 
 
 n. monstrum i 
 
 . monstrous 
 
 town 
 
 n. oppidum i 
 
 FOURTH LKSSON 
 
 . an oppidan 
 
 purple 
 
 n. ostrum i 
 
 . . oyster 
 
 leisure 
 
 n. otium i 
 
 . . to we-^-otiate 
 
 egg 
 
 n. ovum i 
 
 oval 
 
 lead 
 
 n. plumbum i 
 
 . plumber 
 
 apple 
 
 n. pomum i 
 
 Pomona 
 
 reward 
 
 n. prsemium i 
 
 a premium 
 
 price 
 
 n. pretium i 
 
 . precious 
 
 wickedness 
 
 n. probrum i 
 
 . opprobrious 
 
 prodigy 
 
 n. prodigium i 
 
 . prodigious 
 
 kingdom 
 
 n. regnum i 
 
 reign 
 
 beak 
 
 n. rostrum i 
 
 the rostrum 
 
 stone 
 
 n. saxum i 
 
 saxifrage 
 
 sceptre 
 
 n. sceptrum i 
 
 . sceptre 
 
 Lorimers] from lorum, a thong, comes Lorimers, one of the London 
 Companies 5 i. e bridle cutters. 
 
 Lustration] lustrum was the purgation or cleansing of the city every five 
 years by sacrifice; and it was therefore used to signify the space of five 
 years, whence lustration; i. e. a purification. From lustrum also comes 
 lustro, to survey, because a survey or census of the people was taken on 
 the occasion, whence illustration, &c. ; lustrum also signifies a den of wild 
 beasts. 
 An oppidan] i. e. an inhabitant of a town. 
 
 An oyster] ostrum strictly signifies the fish which produced the purple 
 colour, though generally used to signify the purple itself; and is derived 
 from the Greek oarpea, which signifies, generally, fish having hard shells, 
 and whence comes the English word oysters. 
 
 To negotiate] from otium, leisure, comes ne-g-otium, not leisure; i. e. 
 business ; whence to negotiate the g is inserted for the sake of euphony, 
 to prevent the concurrence of vowels. 
 Pomona] the goddess of orchards. 
 
 The rostrum] the rostra was the place of common pleas at Rome, and 
 w r as so called from rostrum, a beak, because a pulpit was set therein, 
 trimmed with the beaks or fore fronts of the ships of the Antiates. From 
 this pulpit they were accustomed to make orations, and hence, at the 
 present day, the expression " to mount the rostrum." 
 
 Saxifrage] from saxum, a stone, suuifrango, to break, conies saxifrage, 
 an herb, so called from its efficacy in curing the stone. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 15 
 
 shield 
 
 n. scutum i w 
 
 hence escutcheon 
 
 age 
 
 n. seculum i 
 
 . secular 
 
 sign 
 
 n. signum i 
 
 . signal 
 
 ground 
 
 n. solum i 
 
 . soil 
 
 space 
 
 n. spatium i 
 
 . spacious 
 
 spoil 
 
 n. spolium i 
 
 . spoliation 
 
 marsh 
 
 n. stagnum i 
 
 . to stagnate 
 
 dart 
 
 n. telum i 
 
 . teliferous 
 
 temple 
 
 n. templum i 
 
 . a templar 
 
 back 
 
 n. tergum i 
 
 . tergiversation 
 
 theatre 
 
 n. theatrum i 
 
 . . theatrical 
 
 ford 
 
 n. vadum i 
 
 . . to wade 
 
 sail 
 
 n. velum s i 
 
 . a veil 
 
 poison 
 
 n. venenum i 
 
 . venom 
 
 word 
 
 n. verbum i 
 
 . . verbosity 
 
 wine 
 
 n. vinum i 
 
 . . vinegar 
 
 vice 
 
 n. vitium i 
 
 , vitiated 
 
 glass 
 
 n. vitrum i 
 
 PLURALS. 
 
 . to vitri/y 
 
 arms 
 
 n. arma 6 rum 
 
 . armour 
 
 camp 
 
 n. castra drum 
 
 . . Chester 
 
 gods 
 
 m. superi 6 rum 
 
 . superiors 
 
 Escutcheon] the shield or arms of a family. 
 
 Teliferous] i. e. bearing or being furnished with darts or arrows. 
 
 A templar] one of a religious order instituted at Jerusalem in the time 
 of the crusades, about the year 1118, and called the Knights Templar. 
 Their office and vows were to defend the temple and sepulchre, and to 
 conduct and defend Christian strangers in their pilgrimage through the 
 Holy Land ; but at last growing too powerful and vicious, the whole order 
 was abolished in the year 1309. The buildings, in London, called the 
 temple, took their name from the Knights Templar, because they originally 
 belonged to that order. 
 
 Tergiversation] from tergum, the back, and verto, to turn ; i. e. the 
 turning one's back this word is used to express evasions and subterfuge, 
 desertion of a political party, &c. 
 
 Vinegar] from vinum, wine, and acris, acid, comes vinegar, properly 
 sour wine. 
 
 To vitrify] i. e. to change into glass. 
 
 Chester] from castra, a camp, is derived the termination, Chester, caster, 
 &c. to the names of many towns in England, as Winchester, Lancaster, 
 Dorchester, &c, and therefore denotes that these places were formerly 
 Roman Stations. 
 
16 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 THIRD DECLENSION. 
 
 snake 
 
 c. anguis 
 
 is whence anguish 
 
 bee 
 
 /. apis 
 
 is 
 
 . apiary 
 
 bird 
 
 f. avis 
 
 is 
 
 . . aviary 
 
 ear 
 
 f. auris 
 
 is 
 
 . . auricular 
 
 dog 
 
 c. canis 
 
 is 
 
 . canine 
 
 citizen 
 
 c. civis 
 
 is 
 
 . . civic 
 
 fleet 
 
 f. classis 
 
 is 
 
 a class 
 
 hill 
 
 m. collis 
 
 is 
 
 . Collatina 
 
 skin 
 
 f. cutis 
 
 is * 
 
 . cutaneous 
 
 sword 
 
 m+ ensis 
 
 is 
 
 . . ensiform 
 
 end 
 
 c. finis 
 
 is 
 
 . . final 
 
 door 
 
 /. foris 
 
 is 
 
 . to perforate - 
 
 cord 
 
 m. funis 
 
 is 
 
 . funicle 
 
 enemy 
 
 c. hostis 
 
 is 
 
 . hostile 
 
 fire 
 
 m. ignis 
 
 is 
 
 . ignition 
 
 month 
 
 m. mensis 
 
 is 
 
 . a menstruum 
 
 ship 
 
 f. navis 
 
 is 
 
 . naval 
 
 orb 
 
 m. orbis 
 
 is 
 
 . orbit 
 
 sheep 
 
 f. ovis 
 
 is 
 
 . Ovation 
 
 bread 
 
 m. panis 
 
 is 
 
 . . pantry 
 
 Anguish] from anguis, a snake, comes anguish, an excessive pain of 
 body or mind, which causes a person to writhe as a serpent. 
 
 A class] classis also signifies a class or rank of citizens according to 
 estate and quality ; whence is derived the term class as used in schools. 
 
 Collatina] the goddess of hills. 
 
 Cutaneous] i. e. relating to the skin. 
 
 Final] finis, an end, signifies in the plural number the borders of a 
 country. 
 
 To perforate] from foris, a door or opening, comes foro, to bore, and 
 thence perforo, to perforate ; i. e. to make an opening quite through. 
 
 Funicle] i. e. a small cord. 
 
 A menstruum] a dissolvent; a substance which has the power of dis- 
 solving another substance so as to form one uniform compound of the two : 
 it takes its name from mensis, a month, because the old chemists sup- 
 posed that the moon, whose revolution is performed in a month, had a 
 considerable influence in preparing dissolvents. 
 
 Ovation] ovation, amongst the Romans, was a triumphing in the lesser 
 triumph j i.e. when they conquered the enemy without bloodshed ; and 
 was so called from ovis, because a sheep was sacrificed on the occasion. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 17 
 
 skin 
 
 f. pellis 
 
 is whence pellicle 
 
 plague 
 
 /. pestis 
 
 is 
 
 . pest 
 
 fish 
 
 m. piscis 
 
 is 
 
 . piscatory 
 
 poop 
 
 /. puppis 
 
 is 
 
 . poop 
 
 vessel 
 
 /. ratis 
 
 is 
 
 . raft 
 
 thirst 
 
 f. sitis 
 
 is 
 
 . sitient 
 
 quicksand 
 
 /. syrtis 
 
 is 
 
 . the Syrtes 
 
 witness 
 
 c. testis 
 
 is 
 
 . to testi/y 
 
 tower 
 
 /. turris 
 
 is 
 
 . turret 
 
 valley 
 
 /. vallis 
 
 is 
 
 . vale 
 
 worm 
 
 m. vermis 
 
 is 
 
 . vermin 
 
 garment 
 
 /. vestis 
 
 is 
 
 . vest 
 
 power 
 
 /. vis 
 
 is 
 
 . violence 
 
 a vine 
 
 /. vitis 
 
 is 
 
 . vintage 
 
 ashes 
 
 m.f. cinis 
 
 eris 
 
 . cinders 
 
 dust 
 
 m.f. pulvis 
 
 eris 
 
 . . to pulverise 
 
 blood 
 
 m. sanguis 
 
 inis 
 
 . . sanguinary 
 
 feast 
 
 /. daps 
 
 is 
 
 . dapatical 
 
 winter 
 
 /. hiems 
 
 is 
 
 . . hibernal 
 
 common people 
 
 /. plebs 
 
 is 
 
 . plebeian 
 
 wages 
 
 /. stips 
 
 is 
 
 . . a stipend 
 
 root 
 
 mf. stirps 
 
 is 
 
 . to extirpate 
 
 city 
 
 /. urbs 
 
 is 
 
 . . the slurbs 
 
 hero 
 
 m. heros 
 
 is 
 
 . heroic 
 
 crane 
 
 c. grus 
 
 is 
 
 . . congruity 
 
 Pellicle] i. e. a thin skin : this term is often used for the film which 
 gathers upon liquors impregnated with salt or other substances, and eva- 
 porated by heat. 
 
 Piscatory] i. e. relating to fishes. 
 
 Sitient] i. e. thirsty. 
 
 The Syrtes] two dangerous quicksands on the coast of Africa. 
 
 A vest] hence also comes vestry, a room adjoining a church, in which 
 the sacerdotal garments are kept-. 
 
 Dapatical] i. e. sumptuous in feasting. 
 
 Hibernal] i. e. relating to winter : hiems is also used by the poets to 
 signify a storm. 
 
 To extirpate] i. e. to root out or destroy totally. 
 
 Congruity] from grus-uis, a crane, comes the word congruity i. e. a 
 coming well together ; compounded of con andgrws, cranes being remark- 
 able for their regularity and uniformity when flocking together for the 
 purpose of migration ; hence also incongruous, i. e. not agreeing or assi- 
 milating. 
 
IS 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 is whence a sow 
 
 house 
 
 / 
 
 sedes 
 
 is 
 
 . an edi^ce 
 
 hunger 
 
 / 
 
 fames 
 
 is 
 
 . famine 
 
 musical string 
 
 / 
 
 fides 
 
 is 
 
 . a fiddle 
 
 mass 
 
 / 
 
 moles 
 
 is 
 
 . a mole 
 
 cloud 
 
 / 
 
 nubes 
 
 is 
 
 . nxxhiferotis 
 
 youth 
 
 /. pubes 
 
 is 
 
 . puberty 
 
 hedge 
 
 / 
 
 sepes 
 
 is 
 
 . sepulture 
 
 filth 
 
 / 
 
 sordes 
 
 is 
 
 . sordid 
 
 rottenness 
 
 / 
 
 tabes 
 
 is 
 
 . tabid 
 
 prophet 
 
 c. 
 
 vates 
 
 is 
 
 . the Vatican 
 
 companion 
 
 c. 
 
 comes 
 
 itis 
 
 . concomitant 
 
 whirlpool 
 
 m. 
 
 gurges 
 
 itis 
 
 . . gurgling 
 
 host or guest 
 
 c. 
 
 hospes 
 
 itis 
 
 . hospitable 
 
 limit 
 
 m. 
 
 limes 
 
 itis 
 
 . limitation 
 
 soldier 
 
 m. 
 
 miles 
 
 itis 
 
 . military 
 
 strife 
 
 / 
 
 lis 
 
 itis 
 
 . litigious 
 
 wall 
 
 m. 
 
 paries 
 
 etis 
 
 . parietal 
 
 rest 
 
 f 
 
 quies 
 
 etis 
 
 . . quiet 
 
 corn field 
 
 A 
 
 seges 
 
 FIFTH 
 
 etis 
 
 LESSONT 
 
 . Segesta 
 
 client 
 
 e. 
 
 cliens 
 
 ntis . 
 
 . client 
 
 tooth 
 
 m. 
 
 dens 
 
 ntis . 
 
 . dentist 
 
 fountain 
 
 ft, 
 
 fons 
 
 ntis . 
 
 . a font 
 
 front 
 
 / 
 
 frons 
 
 ntis . 
 
 . a front 
 
 leaf 
 
 / 
 
 frons 
 
 ndis . 
 
 . frond \ferous 
 
 Nubiferous] i. e. bringing clouds. 
 
 Sepulture] from sepes, a hedge, comes sepio, to enclose or hedge in 
 thence sepelio, to bury or enclose in the ground, whence sepulture, the 
 act of burying. 
 
 Tabid] i. e. wasted by disease, consumptive, rotten. 
 
 The Vatican] the Vatican is the Pope's palace at Rome -, it is built on 
 the Vatican hill, which was one of the seven hills on which stood ancient 
 Rome. This hill was so called from the word vates, a prophet, because it 
 was here that their augurs or prophets were accustomed to predict future 
 events. 
 
 Parietal] i. e. constituting the sides or walls of a building. 
 
 Segesta] the goddess who was supposed to preside over corn while in 
 the blade. 
 
 Frondiferous] i. e. bearing leaves. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 19 
 
 nation 
 
 / 
 
 gens 
 
 ntis whence gentleman 
 
 mind 
 
 A 
 
 mens 
 
 ntis 
 
 . . mental 
 
 mountain 
 
 m. 
 
 mons 
 
 ntis 
 
 . mountainous 
 
 parent 
 
 c. 
 
 parens 
 
 ntis 
 
 . . parental 
 
 bridge 
 
 tn. 
 
 pons 
 
 ntis 
 
 . . Ponti# - 
 
 cable 
 
 m.f. 
 
 rudens 
 
 ntis 
 
 . . rudenture 
 
 will 
 
 / 
 
 spons 
 
 ntis 
 
 . . spontaneous 
 
 art 
 
 / 
 
 ars 
 
 rtis 
 
 . artist 
 
 cohort 
 
 / 
 
 cohors 
 
 rtis 
 
 . a cohort 
 
 chance 
 
 / 
 
 fors 
 
 rtis 
 
 . fortuitous 
 
 death 
 
 / 
 
 mors 
 
 rtis 
 
 . . mortal 
 
 part 
 
 / 
 
 pars 
 
 rtis 
 
 . a part 
 
 lot 
 
 / 
 
 sors 
 
 rtis 
 
 . sorted 
 
 milk 
 
 11. 
 
 lac 
 
 actis 
 
 . lacteal 
 
 night 
 
 / 
 
 nox 
 
 octis 
 
 . nocturnal 
 
 tempest 
 
 f. tempestas 
 
 tatis 
 
 . tempestuous 
 
 dowry 
 
 / 
 
 dos 
 
 otis 
 
 . dotal 
 
 grandson 
 
 m. 
 
 nepos 
 
 otis 
 
 . nephew 
 
 safety; health 
 
 / 
 
 salus 
 
 iitis 
 
 . salutary 
 
 virtue ; valour 
 
 / 
 
 virtus 
 
 utis 
 
 . virtuous 
 
 colour 
 
 m. 
 
 color 
 
 oris 
 
 . colour 
 
 thick blood 
 
 m. 
 
 cruor 
 
 oris 
 
 . gore 
 
 Gentleman] gens also signifies kindred or stock, whence gentilis, of the 
 same family or ancestry. The English word gentle derived therefrom 
 properly signifies well born, and thence comes gentry, gentleman, &c. 
 
 Pontiff] from pons, a bridge, comes pontiff, because the wooden bridge 
 over the Tiber was first built by one of the chief priests, who thereafter 
 assumed the title of pontiff (literally, bridge-maker), being compounded of 
 pons, and facto, to make, which title has been continued by the popes to 
 the present day. 
 
 Rudenture] in architecture, is a moulding representing a rope or cable. 
 
 Lacteal] i. e. milky. 
 
 Dotal] i. e. relating to the dowry of a woman. 
 
 Nephew] nepos strictly signifies a grandson or descendant; it is also 
 used in the plural to signify posterity ; from this general term the word 
 nephew is derived, which formerly signified as above, but is now confined 
 to express the son of a brother or sister. 
 
20 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 gracefulness 
 
 m. 
 
 decor 
 
 oris whence decorous 
 
 honour 
 
 m. 
 
 honor 
 
 oris 
 
 . honourable 
 
 labour 
 
 m. 
 
 labor 
 
 oris 
 
 . labourer 
 
 wit 
 
 m. 
 
 lepor 
 
 5ris 
 
 . lepidity 
 
 odour 
 
 m. 
 
 odor 
 
 oris 
 
 . odoriferous 
 
 rumour 
 
 m. 
 
 rumor 
 
 oris 
 
 . a rumour 
 
 deep sleep 
 
 m. 
 
 sopor 
 
 oris 
 
 . sopori/?c 
 
 sister 
 
 / 
 
 soror 
 
 oris 
 
 . sororicide 
 
 wife 
 
 / 
 
 uxor 
 
 oris 
 
 . uxorious 
 
 vapour 
 
 m. 
 
 vapor 
 
 oris 
 
 . evaporation- 
 
 tree 
 
 / 
 
 arbor 
 
 oris 
 
 . . arbour 
 
 marble 
 
 n. 
 
 marmor 
 
 oris 
 
 . marble 
 
 flower 
 
 m. 
 
 flos 
 
 oris 
 
 , . Flora 
 
 custom 
 
 m. 
 
 mos 
 
 oris 
 
 . morals 
 
 mouth 
 
 n. 
 
 OS 
 
 oris 
 
 . oral 
 
 bone 
 
 n. 
 
 OS 
 
 ossis 
 
 . . ossification 
 
 dew 
 
 m. 
 
 ros 
 
 oris 
 
 . rorifluent 
 
 air 
 
 m. 
 
 aer 
 
 eris 
 
 . aerial 
 
 brass 
 
 m. 
 
 ses 
 
 seris 
 
 . . eruginous 
 
 'aether 
 
 m. 
 
 aether 
 
 eris 
 
 . ethereal 
 
 heap 
 
 m. 
 
 agger 
 
 eris 
 
 . exaggeration 
 
 dead body 
 
 n. 
 
 cadaver 
 
 eris 
 
 . cadaverous 
 
 prison 
 
 m. 
 
 career 
 
 eris 
 
 . incarceration 
 
 Ceres ; corn 
 
 / 
 
 Ceres 
 
 eris 
 
 . Cerealia 
 
 woman 
 
 / 
 
 mulier 
 
 eris 
 
 . muliebrity 
 
 fertility 
 
 n. 
 
 uber 
 
 eris 
 
 . exuberance 
 
 spring 
 
 n. 
 
 ver 
 
 eris 
 
 . vernal 
 
 Lepidity] i. e. wittiness. 
 Soporific] i. e. causing sleep. 
 Sororicide] i. e. the murder of a sister. 
 Uxorious] i. e. submissively fond of a wife. 
 Flora] the goddess of flowers. 
 Rorifluent] i. e. flowing with dew. 
 
 Eruginous] i. e. partaking of the nature or substance of brass or copper. 
 Exaggeration] from agger, a heap, is derived exaggeration j i. e. a heap- 
 ing up, or increasing by extravagant expressions. 
 Cerealia] solemn feasts in honour of Ceres, the goddess of corn. 
 Muliebrity] i. e. womanhood. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 21 
 
 stroke 
 
 n. 
 
 verber 
 
 eris whence reverberation 
 
 evening star 
 
 m. 
 
 vesper 
 
 eris 
 
 . vespers 
 
 brother 
 
 m. 
 
 frater 
 
 tris 
 
 . . fraternal 
 
 mother 
 
 / 
 
 mater 
 
 tris 
 
 . maternal 
 
 father 
 
 m. 
 
 pater 
 
 tris 
 
 . . paternal 
 
 belly 
 
 m. 
 
 venter 
 
 tris 
 
 , . ventriloquist 
 
 shower 
 
 m. 
 
 imber 
 
 bris 
 
 . . to imbrue 
 
 body 
 
 n. 
 
 corpus 
 
 oris 
 
 . . corporeal 
 
 ornament 
 
 n. 
 
 decus 
 
 oris 
 
 . decoration 
 
 cold 
 
 n. 
 
 frigus 
 
 oris 
 
 . . frigid 
 
 grove 
 
 n, 
 
 nemus 
 
 oris 
 
 . nemorous 
 
 breast 
 
 n. 
 
 pectus 
 
 oris 
 
 . . to expectorate 
 
 pledge 
 
 n. 
 
 pignus 
 
 oris 
 
 . . to zrapignorate - 
 
 time 
 
 n. 
 
 tempus 
 
 oris 
 
 , . temporary 
 
 temple 
 
 71. 
 
 tempus 
 
 oris 
 
 . . temporal artery 
 
 treaty 
 
 n. 
 
 fcedus 
 
 eris 
 
 . federal 
 
 funeral 
 
 n. 
 
 funus 
 
 eris . 
 
 . funereal 
 
 race 
 
 n. 
 
 genus 
 
 eris . 
 
 . generation 
 
 clue of yarn 
 
 n. 
 
 glomus 
 
 eris 
 
 . . to conglomerate 
 
 side 
 
 n. 
 
 latus 
 
 eris 
 
 . lateral 
 
 gift 
 
 n. 
 
 munus 
 
 eris 
 
 . remuneration 
 
 burden 
 
 n. 
 
 onus 
 
 eris 
 
 . to exonerate 
 
 work 
 
 n. 
 
 opus 
 
 eris 
 
 . . to operate 
 
 need 
 
 n. 
 
 opus 
 
 indecl 
 
 >p >fi , t z sp 
 
 weight 
 
 n. 
 
 pondus 
 
 eris 
 
 . . ponderous 
 
 wickedness 
 
 n. 
 
 scelus 
 
 eris 
 
 . . a scelerat 
 
 Vespers] the evening service of the church of Rome. 
 
 Nemorous] i. e. full of groves. 
 
 To expectorate] from ex, out of, and pectus the breast; i. e. to eject from 
 the breast, to throw up by coughing and spitting. 
 
 To impignorate] i. e. to pawn or pledge. 
 
 Federal] i. e. relating to league or treaty. 
 
 To conglomerate] i. e. to gather into a ball like thread or yarn wound 
 round. 
 
 Remuneration] munus also signifies a duty, as munus officii, the duty of 
 an office. 
 
 A scelerat] i. e. a villain. 
 
22 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 star 
 
 n. sidus 
 
 eris whence sideral 
 
 ulcer 
 
 n. ulcus 
 
 eris 
 
 . . ulceration 
 
 entrails 
 
 n. viscus 
 
 eris 
 
 . viscera 
 
 wound 
 
 n. vulnus 
 
 eris 
 
 . vulnerable 
 
 leg 
 
 n. crus 
 
 uris 
 
 . . a crutch 
 
 law 
 
 n. jus 
 
 uris 
 
 . . jurisdiction 
 
 mouse 
 
 m. mus 
 
 uris 
 
 . to mouse 
 
 country 
 
 n. rus 
 
 uris 
 
 . . rural 
 
 earth 
 
 f. tellus 
 
 uris 
 
 . . tillage 
 
 frankincense 
 
 n. thus 
 
 {iris _ 
 
 . . thuri/ erous 
 
 ivory 
 
 n. ebur 
 
 oris 
 
 . . ivory 
 
 thigh 
 
 n. femur 
 
 oris 
 
 . femoral 
 
 oak 
 
 n. robur 
 
 oris 
 
 . to corroborate 
 
 thief 
 
 m. fur 
 
 uris 
 
 . . furtive 
 
 murmur 
 
 n. murmur 
 
 uris 
 
 . a murmuring 
 
 sulphur 
 
 n. sulphur 
 
 uris 
 
 . sulphureous 
 
 corn 
 
 n. far 
 
 arris 
 
 . . farrago 
 
 house 
 
 m. Lar 
 
 aris 
 
 . . the Lares 
 
 nectar 
 
 n. nectar 
 
 aris 
 
 . . a nectarine 
 
 a band 
 
 n. agmen 
 
 inis 
 
 . agminal 
 
 song 
 
 n. carmen 
 
 inis 
 
 . a charm 
 
 crime 
 
 n. crimen 
 
 inis 
 
 . criminal 
 
 roof or top 
 
 n. culmen 
 
 inis 
 
 . culmination 
 
 Thuriferous] i. e. bearing frankincense. 
 
 To corroborate] from robur, an oak, is derived the term to corroborate ; 
 i. e. to strengthen 
 
 Furtive] i. e. gotten by theft. 
 
 Farrago] from far, which properly signifies all manner of corn, comes 
 farrago, (compounded of far, and ago, to drive,) signifying a medley, like 
 corn or grain of different kinds driven together. 
 
 The Lares] i. e. the household gods of the Romans ; similar to the Penates, 
 which is derived from penus, which comprehends all kinds oifood appertain- 
 ing to the household. 
 
 Agminal] i. e. belonging to a band or troop. 
 
 Culmination] i. e. the highest point in the heavens to which a star or 
 planet can rise in a given latitude. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 23 
 
 lightning 
 
 n. fulmen 
 
 inis 
 
 whence fulmination 
 
 a shoot 
 glue 
 
 n. germen 
 n. gluten 
 
 inis 
 inis 
 
 . . to germinate 
 . . glutinous 
 
 grass 
 
 threshold 
 
 light 
 
 n. gramen 
 n. limen 
 n. lumen 
 
 inis 
 inis 
 inis 
 
 . . gramineous 
 . . preliminary 
 . . luminous 
 
 name 
 
 n. nomen 
 
 inis 
 
 . . nominal 
 
 omen 
 
 n. omen 
 
 inis 
 
 . . ominous 
 
 cud 
 
 n. rumen 
 
 inis 
 
 . . to ruminate 
 
 seed 
 dolphin 
 
 n. semen 
 m. delphin 
 
 SIXTH 
 
 inis . . a seminary 
 inis . . the Dauphin 
 
 M 
 m 
 
 LESSON. 
 
 reed 
 
 f. arundo 
 
 inis 
 
 . . an arrow 
 
 darkness 
 
 hinge 
 
 fear 
 
 /. caligo 
 m. cardo 
 f. formido 
 
 inis 
 inis 
 inis 
 
 . . caliginous 
 . . cardinal 
 . . formidable 
 
 To germinate] i. e. to bud or shoot. 
 
 Gramineous.] i. e. grassy. 
 
 Preliminary] from prce, before, and limen, a threshold, is derived the 
 term preliminary ; i. e. previous, introductory. 
 
 To ruminate] from rumen, the cud, is derived the verb to ruminate ; i. e. 
 to ponder, taken from the grave appearance of cattle when chewing the cud. 
 
 A seminary] i. e. a place where the seeds of knowledge are sown. 
 
 The Dauphin] the province of Dauphiny, in France, was originally part 
 of the country of the Allobroges, who, joining with Hannibal, were subdued 
 by the Romans about one hundred years before the birth of our Saviour. 
 Upon the declension of the Roman empire, it fell under the dominion of the 
 Goths and other barbarous nations ; but at length, in the reign of Rodolph, 
 the slothful, the counts of Albon made themselves masters of the country. 
 The title of Dauphin is said to have originated in the circumstance of 
 Boson, one of the counts of Albon, who reigned about the ninth century, 
 having caused a dolphin to be painted on his shield as an emblem of the 
 mildness of his reign (these animals being reputed, by the ancients, as 
 friendly to man) ; and about the middle of the 12th century it became a 
 name of dignity, and was annexed to the province. In the year 1343, 
 Humbert, the Dauphin of Vienne, becoming disgusted with life through the 
 loss of his only son, whom he let fall into the river Isere as he was playing 
 with him at a window in his palace at Grenoble, transferred his dominions 
 to Charles, duke of Normandy, grandson to Philip de Valois, king of 
 France, upon condition that the eldest son of France should always bear 
 the title and arms of Dauphin of Vienne. The title of the Dauphin is in 
 Latin delphinus, and his crown is composed of four dolphins ; hence also 
 is derived the term Delphin Classics, being classics compiled for the use of 
 the Dauphin, by command of Louis the Fourteenth. 
 
 Caliginous] i. e. obscure, dim. 
 
 Cardinal] justice, prudence, temperance, and fortitude, are called the 
 cardinal virtues, from cardo, a hinge, because all others hinge thereon; so 
 likewise the cardinal points, N., E., W., and S. ; and cardinal numbers, 
 1, 2, 3, 4, &c. 
 
24 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 man 
 
 m. homo 
 
 inis whence homicide 
 
 image 
 
 /. imago 
 
 inis 
 
 . imaginary 
 
 margin 
 
 m.f margo 
 
 inis 
 
 . marginal 
 
 order 
 
 m. ordo 
 
 inis 
 
 . ordinal 
 
 origin 
 
 / ong 
 
 inis 
 
 . original 
 
 whirlwind 
 
 m. turbo 
 
 inis 
 
 . turbulent 
 
 virgin 
 
 / virgo 
 
 inis 
 
 . virginity 
 
 flesh 
 
 /. caro 
 
 mis 
 
 . carnivorous - 
 
 coal 
 
 m. carbo 
 
 onis 
 
 . carbuncle 
 
 dragon 
 
 m. draco 
 
 onis 
 
 . . a dragon 
 
 lion 
 
 m. leo 
 
 e5nis 
 
 . a lion 
 
 region 
 
 /. regio 
 
 ionis 
 
 . a region 
 
 discourse 
 
 m. sermo 
 
 onis 
 
 . . sermon 
 
 top 
 
 m. apex 
 
 icis 
 
 . the apex 
 
 bark of tree 
 
 m.f. cortex 
 
 icis 
 
 . corticated 
 
 shrub 
 
 m. frutex 
 
 icis 
 
 . frutescent 
 
 flint 
 
 m.f silex 
 
 icis 
 
 . siliceous 
 
 top 
 
 m. vertex 
 
 icis 
 
 . vertical 
 
 avenger 
 
 c. vindex 
 
 icis 
 
 . a vindicator 
 
 death 
 
 /. nex 
 
 ecis 
 
 . pernicious 
 
 cup 
 
 m. calix 
 
 icis 
 
 . a chalice 
 
 neck 
 
 f cervix 
 
 icis 
 
 . cervical 
 
 scar 
 
 f cicatrix 
 
 icis v 
 
 . to cicatrize 
 
 root 
 
 /. radix 
 
 icis 
 
 . radical 
 
 willow 
 
 f. salix 
 
 icis 
 
 . sallows 
 
 pitch 
 
 /. pix 
 
 icis 
 
 . pitchy 
 
 change 
 
 / v *x 
 
 icis 
 
 . vicissitude 
 
 cross 
 
 f crux 
 
 ucis 
 
 . crucifixion 
 
 Carnivorous] i. e. living on flesh. 
 
 Carbuncle] from carbo, a coal, comes carbunculus, a carbuncle, because 
 it shines like a burning coal. 
 The apex] i. e. the tip or point of any thing. 
 Corticated] i. e. resembling the bark of a tree. 
 Frutescent] i. e. full of small shoots. 
 Siliceous] i. e. flinty. 
 
 Vertical] i. e. placed in a direction perpendicular to the horizon. 
 Cervical] i. e. belonging to the neck. 
 To cicatrize] i. e. to heal a wound. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 25 
 
 light 
 
 nut 
 
 dregs 
 
 the throttle 
 
 brand or torch 
 
 peace 
 
 voice 
 
 heel 
 
 scythe 
 
 merchandise 
 
 fruit 
 flock 
 law 
 king 
 
 ox 
 snow 
 
 helmet 
 
 point of spear 
 
 stone 
 
 guard 
 
 heir 
 
 marsh 
 
 heart 
 
 foot 
 
 fraud 
 
 /. lux 
 /. nux 
 /. fsex 
 /. faux 
 /. fax 
 /. pax 
 ^. vox 
 /. calx 
 /. falx 
 f. merx 
 
 ft frux 
 
 m. grex 
 
 /. lex 
 
 m. rex 
 
 . bos 
 / nix 
 
 /. cassis 
 
 f. cuspis 
 
 m. lapis 
 
 c. custos 
 
 c. hseres 
 
 f. palus 
 
 n. cor 
 m. pes 
 
 /. fraus 
 
 /. laus 
 
 liicis 
 
 nucis 
 
 fsecis 
 
 faucis 
 
 facis 
 
 pads 
 
 vocis 
 
 calcis 
 
 falcis 
 
 mercis 
 
 iigis 
 egis 
 egis 
 egis 
 
 ovis 
 ivis 
 
 idis 
 
 idis 
 
 idis 
 
 odis 
 
 edis 
 
 u.dis 
 
 ordis 
 
 edis 
 
 audis 
 
 audis 
 
 whence lucid 
 
 a nucleus 
 . feculent 
 . sw/Focation 
 
 paci/?e 
 
 vocal 
 
 to zwculcate 
 
 falchion 
 
 a merchant 
 
 to fructi/y 
 congregation 
 legal 
 regal 
 
 buffalo 
 niveous 
 
 a casque 
 the cusp 
 a lapidary- 
 custody 
 hereditary 
 pool 
 cordial 
 pedestrian 
 fraudulent 
 laudable 
 
 praise 
 
 A nucleus] from nux, a nut, comes nucleus, a nucleus or kernel this 
 term is adapted to any thing enclosed in another like a kernel. 
 
 Feculent] i. e. foul ; full of dregs. 
 
 Vocal] vox is also used to signify a word. 
 
 To inculcate] from calx, the heel, comes calco, to kick, and thence in- 
 culco, to kick or beat in ; i. e. to inculcate or drive in by frequent repe- 
 titions. 
 
 To fructify] i. e. to make/rtti7/wJ. 
 
 Congregation] from grex-egis, a flock, comes congregatio, a congrega- 
 tion ; i. e. a flocking together. 
 
 Niveous] i. e. snowy. 
 
 The cusp] the horns or points of the new moon. 
 D 
 
26 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 sea 
 
 n. mare 
 
 is 
 
 whence marine 
 
 net 
 
 n. rete 
 
 is 
 
 . . a reticule 
 
 honey 
 
 n. mel 
 
 ellis 
 
 . . mellifluous 
 
 salt 
 
 rn.n. gal 
 
 alis 
 
 . . saline 
 
 sun 
 
 n. sol 
 
 olis 
 
 . . solar; solstice 
 
 right 
 
 n. fas 
 
 indecl. 
 
 . . wefarious 
 
 nothing 
 
 n. nihil 
 
 indecl. 
 
 . annihilation 
 
 head 
 
 n, caput 
 
 capitis 
 
 . . capital 
 
 journey 
 
 n. iter 
 
 itineris 
 
 . . itinerant 
 
 vessel 
 
 ft. vas 
 
 vasis 
 
 PLURALS. 
 
 . . a vase 
 
 walls 
 
 n. moenia 
 
 nium 
 
 . . a community - 
 
 strength 
 
 m. vires 
 
 rium 
 
 . . plural of vis 
 
 FOURTH DECLENSION. 
 
 tide 
 
 m. sestus 
 
 us . 
 
 . an sestuary 
 
 bow 
 
 m. arcus 
 
 us 
 
 . an arch 
 
 cunning 
 
 m. astus 
 
 us 
 
 . astutely 
 
 house 
 
 f. domus 
 
 us & i 
 
 . domestic 
 
 pride 
 
 m. fastus 
 
 us 
 
 . fastidious 
 
 lake 
 
 m. lacus 
 
 us 
 
 . a lake 
 
 A reticule] i. e. literally a little net, from reticulum, the diminutive of 
 rete. 
 
 Mellifluous] i. e. flowing with honey. 
 
 Solstice] signifies the longest day in summer or the shortest in winter, 
 and is derived from sol, the sun, and sto, to stand, because at those times 
 the sun seems to stand still. 
 
 Nefarious] fas, right or duty, is derived from for, to speak ; i. e. a thing 
 fit to be spoken of ; so nefas, a crime, whence nefarious; i. e. not fit to be 
 spoken of; thus in Virgil, ^En. I. 574, mem ores fundi atque nefandi, mind- 
 ful of right and wrong, is literally, mindful of a thing fit to be spoken of, 
 and not fit to be spoken of. 
 
 A community] i. e. those enclosed within the same walls. 
 
 An sestuary] an arm of the sea where the tide ebbs and flows. JEstus 
 is itself derived from ustus, hot, part, of uro, to burn, and therefore pro- 
 perly signifies sultry heat, as a boiling surge or tide, &c. 
 
 Astutely] i. e. cunningly. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 27 
 
 hand 
 port 
 rite 
 enate 
 
 bosom ; bay 
 tribe 
 tumult 
 
 f. manus 
 
 m. portus 
 
 m. ritus 
 
 m. senatus 
 
 m. sinus 
 
 f. tribus 
 
 m. tumultus us 
 
 us 
 us 
 us 
 us 
 us 
 us 
 
 whence manual 
 a sea port 
 a ritual 
 senator 
 to insinuate 
 a tribe 
 > . tumultuous 
 
 limbs or joints m. artus 
 
 horn n. cornu 
 
 frost n. gelu 
 
 knee n. genu 
 
 flock n. pecu 
 
 uum 
 
 indecl. in sing, 
 indecl. in sing, 
 indecl. in sing, 
 indecl. in sing. 
 
 articulation 
 the unicovn 
 to ccwgeal 
 genuflection 
 peculiar 
 
 FIFTH DECLENSION. 
 
 point or army /. acies 
 
 day m.f. dies 
 
 face /. facies 
 
 faith jfc /. fides 
 
 ei 
 ei 
 
 ace 
 
 diurnal 
 facial 
 fidelity 
 
 Manual] manus also signifies a band, as of soldiers, &c. From manus 
 are derived the adverbs cominus and eminus, which are chiefly used in 
 respect of fighting : cominus is compounded of con andmanus, and literally 
 signifies hands together, or hand to hand : eminus is compounded of e and 
 manus; i. e. out of or from the hand, and therefore signifies at a distance. 
 
 A ritual] i. e. a book wherein the rites and ceremonies of a religion are 
 set down. 
 
 To insinuate] sinus is properly a hollow j hence it signifies a bosom, a 
 bap, a lap, &c. ; osus being a termination in Latin signifying fulness, 
 sinuosus signifies full of hollows ; and as there must in this case be cor- 
 responding projections for each hollow, it represents a winding, in which 
 sense it is found in the word insinuate, which means to wind or worm 
 into, in the same manner as a corkscrew winds into a cork. Sinus signi- 
 fies also the folds of a garment, for a sim:'lar reason, in which sense it 
 occurs in Virgil, JEu. I. 324, sinus fluentes, her flowing folds. 
 
 Articulation] i. e. the formation or structure of a joint. An article 
 properly signifies a particular part of any complex thing ; thus articulation 
 also signifies distinct utterance, or the pronouncing of words by giving 
 each syllable distinctly. 
 
 Genuflection] bending the knee. 
 
 Peculiar] from pecu, a flock, is derived peculium, a little flock, which 
 signifies a stock of cattle given to a slave as his own, independently of his 
 master; whence was formed the adjective peculiar ius, peculiar, implying 
 any thing peculiarly one's own. Hence also is derived pecunia, money, 
 whence pecuniary, so called because on ancient coins was stamped the 
 jf figure of a sheep. 
 
28 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 ice 
 
 f. glacies 
 
 ei 
 
 whence the glaciers 
 
 rage 
 
 /. rabies 
 
 ei 
 
 rabid 
 
 thing 
 
 / res 
 
 ei 
 
 ... a republic - 
 
 series 
 
 f. series 
 
 ei 
 
 . . a series 
 
 hope 
 
 /. spes 
 
 ei 
 
 . . to despair - 
 
 ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 Chiefly from the Greek, which do not produce English derivations suffi- 
 ciently obvious ; but, as they frequently occur in authors, are important 
 to be known. 
 
 f. serumna 
 /. alea 
 /. alga 
 /. cymba 
 /. juba 
 f. parma 
 f. pharetra 
 f. spelunca 
 /. vitta 
 
 m. avus 
 c. barbitus 
 m. clypeus 
 m. cothurnus 
 m. cyathus 
 m. Erebus 
 m. Eurus 
 /. fagus 
 m. hcedus 
 m. malus 
 m. moechus 
 wi. Notus 
 
 affliction 
 
 a die 
 
 sea weed 
 
 boat 
 
 mane 
 
 buckler 
 
 quiver 
 
 cavern 
 
 fillet 
 
 grandfather 
 
 lyre 
 
 shield 
 
 buskin 
 
 cup 
 
 Hell 
 
 east wind 
 
 beech tree 
 
 kid 
 
 mast 
 
 adulterer 
 
 south wind 
 
 The glaciers] immense mountains of ice in Switzerland. 
 
 A republic] res is, strictly, a thing, but it is also used to express estate, 
 hence res publica, the public estate or commonwealth,, and res familiaris, 
 one's private estate. 
 
 To despair] i. e. not to hope. 
 
ROOT SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 29 
 
 m. orcus 
 
 i 
 
 . . hell 
 
 /. quercus 
 
 us 
 
 . . oak 
 
 n. adytum 
 
 
 . . a sanctuary 
 
 n. malum 
 
 
 . , apple 
 
 *. mentum 
 
 
 . . chin 
 
 n. prselium 
 
 
 . . battle 
 
 ** cautes 
 
 is 
 
 . . cliff 
 
 m. cespes 
 
 itis 
 
 . . turf 
 
 c. palumbes 
 
 is 
 
 . . wood pigeon 
 
 f. ilex 
 
 icis 
 
 . . holm oak 
 
 m. murex 
 
 icis 
 
 . . shell fish 
 
 m.f. specus 
 
 us 
 
 . . den 
 
 D 2 
 
30 
 
 ROOT ADJECTIVES. 
 
 ROOT ADJECTIVES, 
 
 OF THREE TERMINATIONS. 
 
 
 FIRST I 
 
 LESSON. 
 
 
 adult 
 
 adultus 
 
 a 
 
 um whence adult 
 
 emulous 
 
 semulus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . emulation 
 
 equal ; just 
 
 sequus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . equality 
 
 eternal 
 
 seternus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . eternity 
 
 white 
 
 albus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . Albion 
 
 another 
 
 alius 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . alibi 
 
 gracious 
 
 almus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . Alma Mater 
 
 high 
 
 altus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . altitude 
 
 ambiguous 
 
 ambiguus 
 
 a 
 
 rim 
 
 . ambiguity 
 
 ambrosial 
 
 ambrosius 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . ambrosial 
 
 agreeable 
 
 amoenus 
 
 a 
 
 um , 
 
 . amenity 
 
 antient 
 
 antiquus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . antique 
 
 ample 
 
 amplus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . to ampli/y / 
 
 narrow 
 
 angustus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . angustation 
 
 sunny 
 
 apricus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . apricot 
 
 steep 
 
 arduus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . arduous 
 
 austere 
 
 austerus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . austerity 
 
 barbarous 
 
 barbarus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . barbarian 
 
 fair 
 
 bellus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . to embellish 
 
 sweet 
 
 blandus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . bland 
 
 good 
 
 bonus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . bonny 
 
 7 
 
 / 
 
 Albion] from albus, white, comes Albion, a name given to England by 
 reason of its white cliffs. 
 
 Alibi] from alius, another, and the adverb ubi, where, is derived the law 
 term an alibi; i. e. the plea of a supposed criminal, who alleges that, at the 
 time specified in the charge against him, he was in some other place. 
 
 Alma Mater] a name given to the University of Cambridge. 
 
 Amenity] i. e. pleasantness. 
 
 Angustation] i. e. narrowness. 
 
 Apricot] from apricus, sunny, is derived apricot j a fruit so called be- 
 cause it requires a sunny situation. 
 
ROOT ADJECTIVES. 
 
 31 
 
 brutish 
 
 brutus 
 
 a 
 
 um whence brutal 
 
 blind 
 
 csecus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . cecity 
 
 bald 
 
 calvus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . Calvary 
 
 dear 
 
 carus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . to caress 
 
 chaste 
 
 castus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . chastity 
 
 hollow 
 
 cavus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . cavity 
 
 sure 
 
 certus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . certainty 
 
 clear ; renowned clarus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . to clari/y 
 
 lame 
 
 claudus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . claudication 
 
 glittering 
 
 coruscus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . coruscation 
 
 thick 
 
 crassus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . crassitude 
 
 crisp 
 
 crispus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . crisped 
 
 raw 
 
 crudus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . crude 
 
 dense 
 
 densus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . density 
 
 worthy 
 
 dignus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . dignity 
 
 direful 
 
 dirus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . direful 
 
 doubtful 
 
 dubius 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . dubious 
 
 hard 
 
 durus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . durable 
 
 drunken 
 
 ebrius 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . inebriety 
 
 
 SECOND LESSO> 
 
 j. 
 
 thin 
 
 exiguus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . exiguous 
 
 extreme 
 
 extremus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . extremity 
 
 facetious 
 
 facetus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . facetiously 
 
 weary 
 
 fessus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . fessitude 
 
 festive 
 
 festus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . festivity 
 
 firm 
 
 firmus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . firmly 
 
 foul 
 
 foedus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . fetid 
 
 tawny 
 
 fulvus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . fulvid 
 
 twin 
 
 geminus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . to geminate 
 
 Cecity] i 
 
 e. blindness. 
 
 
 
 
 Calvary] 
 
 from calvus, bald, 
 
 is derived ca 
 
 f va, a skull ; and thenc 
 
 Mount where Christ was crucified, (called in Hebrew Golgotha) took the 
 name of Calvary ; i. e. a place of skulls. 
 
 Claudication] i. e. the habit or act of halting. 
 
 Coruscation] i. e. a quick vibration of light. 
 
 Crassitude] i. e. grossness, coarseness, thickness. 
 
 Exiguous] i. e. small, slender. 
 
 Fessitude] i. e. weariness. 
 
 Fulvid] i. e. of a deep yellow, as it were tanned. 
 
 To geminate] i. e. to double. 
 
32 
 
 ROOT ADJECTIVES. 
 
 skilful 
 
 gnarus 
 
 a 
 
 um whence ignorant 
 
 active 
 
 gnavus 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 . knave 
 
 grateful 
 
 gratus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . gratitude 
 
 rough 
 
 hirsiitus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 hirsute 
 
 fit; proper 
 
 idoneus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 idoneous 
 
 famous 
 
 inclytus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 Clyto 
 
 inmost 
 
 intimus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . intimate 
 
 fasting 
 
 jejunus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 jejune 
 
 jocund 
 
 jucundus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . jocund 
 
 just 
 
 Justus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . justice 
 
 left 
 
 lsevus 
 
 a 
 
 um . . 
 
 the left 
 
 large 
 
 largus 
 
 a 
 
 um . . 
 
 largeness 
 
 weary 
 
 lassus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 lassitude 
 
 broad 
 
 latus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 latitude 
 
 loose 
 
 laxus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 laxity 
 
 slow; limber 
 
 lentus 
 
 a 
 
 um . . 
 
 lentitude 
 
 limpid 
 
 limpidus 
 
 a 
 
 um . . 
 
 limpid 
 
 long 
 
 longus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 longitude 
 
 slippery 
 
 lubricus 
 
 a 
 
 um . . 
 
 lubricity 
 
 pale 
 
 luridus 
 
 a 
 
 um . . 
 
 lurid 
 
 great 
 
 magnus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 magnitude 
 
 bad 
 
 malus 
 
 a 
 
 um . . 
 
 malice 
 
 Ignorant] when the preposition 
 
 in is compouiK 
 
 led with adjectiv 
 
 the force of a negative, as Justus, just, injustus, unjust : thus gnarus, 
 skilful or knowing, ignarus, ignorant or unskilful : the n is omitted for 
 sake of euphony. 
 
 Hirsute] i. e. rough, rugged. 
 
 Idoneous] i. e. fit, proper, convenient. 
 
 Clyto] a title of honour anciently given to the sons of the kings of 
 England. 
 
 The left] leevus, the left, is also used to signify unlucky, because of the 
 omens taken from the flight of birds, which were considered unfortunate 
 if they took place on the left hand ; it is also to be observed that leevus 
 sometimes signifies lucky ; some have explained this by the different situ- 
 ationsin which the augurs stood, so that what was at one time on the left 
 hand, might at another time be on the right hand. 
 
 Latitude] i. e. breadth, width. In geography it signifies any degree, or 
 part thereof, measured from the equator towards the north or south pole. 
 The lines which go round the terrestrial globe, from east to west, mark the 
 latitude, and all countries lying between them are said to be in such lati- 
 tude as is respectively marked by figures thereon. 
 
 Lentitude] i. e. slowness, sluggishness. 
 
 Longitude] i. e. length. In geography it signifies the distance east or 
 west on the globe, and is marked by lines running from north to south ; 
 i. e. from pole to pole. 
 
 Lubricity] i. e. slipperiness. 
 
 Lurid] i. e. gloomy, dismal. 
 
ROOT ADJECTIVES. 
 
 33 
 
 maimed 
 
 mancus 
 
 a 
 
 um whence maimed 
 
 ripe 
 
 matiirus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . mature 
 
 morning 
 
 matutlnus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . matins 
 
 greatest 
 
 maximus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . a maxim 
 
 middle 
 
 medius 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . a mediator 
 
 pure 
 
 merus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . mere 
 
 wonderful 
 
 mirus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . miraculous 
 
 many 
 
 multus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . multitude 
 
 
 
 rHIRD LESSON 
 
 
 clean 
 
 mundus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . mundatory 
 
 mute 
 
 mutus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . mute 
 
 borrowed 
 
 mutuus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . mutual 
 
 new 
 
 novus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . novel 
 
 naked 
 
 nudus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . nudity 
 
 obscure 
 
 obscurus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . obscurity 
 
 shady 
 
 opaous 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . opaque 
 
 best 
 
 optimus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . optimism 
 
 destitute 
 
 orbus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . orphan 
 
 spare 
 
 parcus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . parsimony 
 
 little 
 
 parvus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . parvity 
 
 little 
 
 paulus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . St.. Paul 
 
 worst 
 
 pessimus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . sup. of malus 
 
 pious 
 
 pius 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . piety 
 
 plain; level 
 
 planus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . to plane 
 
 full 
 
 plenus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . plenitude 
 
 depraved 
 
 pravus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . depravity 
 
 first 
 
 primus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . primary 
 
 Matins] i. e. the morning service in the church of Rome. 
 
 A maxim] a leading truth, a principle, derived from maximus, greatest, 
 because it is of the greatest or first importance. 
 
 Mere] from merus, pure, unadulterated, comes mere, an adjective, which 
 ascribes no quality whatever to the substantive with which it is joined, 
 but simply denotes that the substantive is strictly what its name imports ; 
 as, mere trifles, mere fools, &c. 
 
 Mundatory] i. e. having the power to cleanse. 
 
 Optimism] i. e. the doctrine that every thing in nature is ordered for the 
 best. 
 
 Parvity] i. e. littleness, minuteness- 
 
 St. Paul] Saul, who was miraculously converted to Christianity, is said 
 to have assumed the name of Paul, from paulus, little, in order to show 
 himself the least of the apostles. 
 
34 
 
 ROOT ADJECTIVES. 
 
 deprived of 
 
 privus 
 
 a 
 
 una whence deprivation 
 
 honest 
 
 probus 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 . . probity 
 
 ready- 
 
 proinptus 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 . prompt 
 
 prone 
 
 pronus 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 . . proneness 
 
 one's own 
 
 proprius 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 . . to appropriate 
 
 next 
 
 proximus 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 . , proximity 
 
 public 
 
 publicus 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 . publicity 
 
 pure 
 
 purus 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 . . purity 
 
 how much 
 
 quantus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . quantity 
 
 few; rare 
 
 rarus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . rarity 
 
 hoarse 
 
 raucus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . raucity 
 
 cruel 
 
 ssevus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . savage 
 
 sage 
 
 sagus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . sagacity 
 
 sane 
 
 sanus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . sanity 
 
 secret 
 
 secretus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . secretary 
 
 second 
 
 secundus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . second 
 
 assiduous 
 
 sedulus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . sedulous 
 
 serene 
 
 serenus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . serenity 
 
 late 
 
 serus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . serenade 
 
 severe 
 
 severus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 , . severity 
 
 dry- 
 
 siccus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . siccated 
 
 sincere 
 
 sincerus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . sincerity 
 
 each 
 
 singulus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . singular 
 
 
 FOURTH LESSOl 
 
 i. 
 
 social 
 
 socius 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . society 
 
 solid 
 
 solidus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . solidity 
 
 alone 
 
 solus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . solitary 
 
 thick 
 
 spissus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . spissitude 
 
 strenuous 
 
 strenuus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . strenuously 
 
 Raucity] i. e. hoarseness ; a croaking, loud, rough noise. 
 
 Secretary] from secretus, secret, is derived a secretary ; i. e. a person to 
 whom is entrusted either officially or privately the secrets of another; a 
 Secretary of State is therefore always a Privy Councillor. 
 
 Second] secundus, also signifies prosperous, in which sense it mostly 
 occurs in poetical authors. 
 
 Serenade] from serus, late, is derived the Italian serenata ; i. e. music 
 performed late in the evening, out of doors ; whence the French word 
 serenade, and the English word serenade, 
 
 Siccated] i. e, dried up. 
 
 Spissitude] i. e. thickness, grossness. 
 
ROOT ADJECTIVES. 
 
 35 
 
 foolish 
 
 stultus 
 
 a 
 
 um whence tostulti/y 
 
 highest 
 
 summus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . summit 
 
 proud 
 
 superbus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . superb 
 
 supine 
 
 supinus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . supine 
 
 deaf 
 
 surdus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . absurd 
 
 so much 
 
 tantus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . tantamount 
 
 tardy 
 
 tardus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . tardy 
 
 whole 
 
 totus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . total 
 
 tranquil 
 
 tranquillus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . tranquillity 
 
 fearful; alarmed trepidus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . trepidation 
 
 maimed 
 
 truncus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . truncated 
 
 safe 
 
 tutus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . tutelage 
 
 any 
 
 ullus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . nullity 
 
 last 
 
 ultimus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . ultimately 
 
 crooked 
 
 uncus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 , . an anchor 
 
 wet 
 
 uvidus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . uvid 
 
 vain 
 
 vanus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . vanity 
 
 various 
 
 varius 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . variety 
 
 vast 
 
 vastus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . vastness 
 
 true 
 
 verus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . verity 
 
 widowed 
 
 viduus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 . . widowed 
 
 another 
 
 alter 
 
 era erum 
 
 . alternative 
 
 rough 
 
 asper 
 
 era erum 
 
 . asperity 
 
 rest 
 
 cseter 
 
 era erum 
 
 . &c, et csetera 
 
 torn 
 
 lacer 
 
 era erum 
 
 . laceration 
 
 free 
 
 liber 
 
 era erum 
 
 . liberty 
 
 miserable 
 
 miser 
 
 era erum 
 
 misery 
 
 prosperous 
 
 prosper 
 
 era erum 
 
 . prosperity 
 
 Absurd] as deaf persons, through misconceptions in conversation, are 
 led to make observations foreign to the subject, the term absurd, which 
 literally signifies ab surdo, from a deaf man, came to be applied to any 
 thing inconsistent, dissonant, or inharmonious. 
 
 Tantamount] equivalent ; i. e. amounting to as much. 
 
 Truncated] i. e. maimed, lopped of its branches. 
 
 Tutelage] i. e. guardianship, safety. 
 
 Nullity] from ullus, any, comes nullus, not any, compounded of ne and 
 ullus; whence nullity. 
 
 Uvid] i. e. moist, wet. 
 
 Verity] hence also verdict, the decision of a jury ; i. e. verum dictum, a 
 true saying. 
 
36 
 
 ROOT ADJECTIVES. 
 
 
 tender 
 
 tener 
 
 era 
 
 erum whence tenderness 
 
 sick 
 
 seger 
 
 gra 
 
 grum 
 
 . egritude 
 
 black 
 
 ater 
 
 tra 
 
 trum 
 
 . atramental 
 
 right 
 
 dexter 
 
 tra 
 
 trum 
 
 . dexterous 
 
 whole 
 
 integer 
 
 gra 
 
 grum 
 
 . integrity 
 
 black 
 
 niger 
 
 gra 
 
 FIFTH 
 
 grum 
 
 LESSON. 
 
 . negro 
 
 sluggish 
 
 piger 
 
 gra 
 
 grum 
 
 . a pig 
 
 fair 
 
 pulcher 
 
 chra 
 
 chrum 
 
 . pulchritude 
 
 red 
 
 ruber 
 
 bra 
 
 brum 
 
 . ruby 
 
 sacred 
 
 sacer 
 
 era 
 
 crum 
 
 . sacri/e^e 
 
 left 
 
 sinister 
 
 tra 
 
 trum 
 
 . sinister 
 
 foul; horrid 
 
 teter 
 
 tra 
 
 trum 
 
 . tetrical 
 
 either 
 
 uter 
 
 tra 
 
 trum 
 
 . weuter 
 
 
 
 PLURALS. 
 
 
 both 
 
 ambo 
 
 ae 
 
 
 
 . awfo'dextrous- 
 
 few 
 
 pauci 
 
 se 
 
 a 
 
 . paucity 
 
 OF TWO TERMINATIONS. 
 
 short 
 
 brevis 
 
 is 
 
 weak 
 
 debilis 
 
 is 
 
 sweet 
 
 dulcis 
 
 is 
 
 slender 
 
 exilis 
 
 is 
 
 brevity 
 debility 
 dulcet 
 
 exility 
 
 Egritude] i. e. sickness. 
 
 Atramental] from ater, black, comes atramentum, ink; whence, atra- 
 mental, inky. 
 
 Dexterous] dexter also signifies lucky; i. e. on the right hand, and is 
 opposed to Icevus, the left. See Left, page 32. 
 
 Ruby] from ruber, red, comes ruby, a precious stone, so called by reason 
 of its beautiful red colour ; also, hence is derived the rubric, which signi- 
 fies certain directions in the liturgy or prayer-book, so called because 
 formerly printed in red letters. 
 
 Sinister] the same observations are applicable to sinister as to Icevus. 
 See Left, page 32. 
 
 Tetrical] i. e. crabbed, sour. 
 
 Neuter] from uter, either, is derived neuter, a compound of ne and uter ; 
 i. e not either. 
 
 Ambidextrous] compounded of ambo, both, and dexter, the right hand ; 
 i. e. using both hands with equal facility. 
 
 Exility] i. e. smallness, slenderness, diminution. 
 
ROOT ADJECTIVES. 
 
 37 
 
 easy 
 
 facilis 
 
 is whence facility 
 
 strong 
 
 fortis 
 
 is 
 
 . fortitude 
 
 slender 
 
 gracilis 
 
 is 
 
 . gracility 
 
 great 
 
 grandis 
 
 is 
 
 . grandeur 
 
 heavy- 
 
 gravis 
 
 is 
 
 . gravity 
 
 cheerful 
 
 hilaris 
 
 is 
 
 . hilarity 
 
 savage; wild 
 
 immanis 
 
 is 
 
 . immanity 
 
 empty 
 
 inanis 
 
 is 
 
 . inanity 
 
 safe 
 
 incolumis 
 
 is 
 
 . incolumity 
 
 young 
 
 juvenis 
 
 is 
 
 . juvenile 
 
 gentle 
 
 lenis 
 
 is 
 
 . lenity 
 
 light 
 
 levis 
 
 is 
 
 . levity 
 
 mild 
 
 mitis 
 
 is 
 
 . to mitigate 
 
 soft 
 
 mollis 
 
 is 
 
 . to molli/y 
 
 noble 
 
 nobilis 
 
 is 
 
 . nobility 
 
 all 
 
 omnis 
 
 is 
 
 . omnipotent 
 
 fat 
 
 pinguis 
 
 is 
 
 . . pinguid 
 
 such as 
 
 qualis 
 
 is 
 
 . . quality 
 
 rude 
 
 rudis 
 
 is 
 
 . . rude 
 
 similar 
 
 similis 
 
 is 
 
 . . similarity 
 
 barren 
 
 sterilis 
 
 is 
 
 . . sterile 
 
 sweet 
 
 sua vis 
 
 is 
 
 . . suavity 
 
 aloft 
 
 sublimis 
 
 is 
 
 . . sublime 
 
 subtle 
 
 subtilis 
 
 is 
 
 . . subtlety 
 
 such 
 
 talis 
 
 is 
 
 . . to retaliate 
 
 thin 
 
 tenuis 
 
 is 
 
 . . to attenuate - 
 
 sad 
 
 tristis 
 
 is 
 
 . . tristful 
 
 base 
 
 turpis 
 
 is 
 
 . turpitude 
 
 Gracility] i. e. slenderness, smallness. 
 
 Immanity] i. e. barbarity, savageness. 
 
 Inanity] i. e. emptiness, a void space. 
 
 Incolumity] i. e. safety, security. 
 
 Pinguid] i. e. fat, unctuous. 
 
 Quality] talis and qualis are correspondents, which necessarily go to- 
 gether in Latin: talis being such, and qualis, as; qualis is however often 
 used by itself, but in this case talis is always understood, and then qualis 
 signifies such as. 
 
 To retaliate] i. e. to give like for like. 
 
 To attenuate] i. e. to make thin. 
 
 Tristful] i. e. sad, melancholy, gloomy. v 
 
38 
 
 ROOT ADJECTIVES. 
 
 vile 
 
 vilis 
 
 is whence vile 
 
 sharp ; sour 
 
 acer 
 
 cris 
 
 SIXTH LESSON, 
 
 . . acrid 
 
 atrocious 
 
 atrox 
 
 ocis 
 
 . . atrocity 
 
 swift 
 
 velox 
 
 ocis 
 
 . . velocity 
 
 happy 
 
 felix 
 
 icis 
 
 . . felicitous 
 
 lying 
 
 mend ax 
 
 acis 
 
 . . mendacity 
 
 wanton 
 
 procax 
 
 acis 
 
 . . procacity - 
 
 cruel 
 
 trux 
 
 ucis 
 
 . . truculent - 
 
 old 
 
 merciful 
 
 elegant 
 
 crowded 
 
 prudent 
 
 recent 
 
 guilty 
 
 greater 
 
 better 
 
 mindful 
 
 less 
 
 swifter 
 
 worse 
 
 more 
 
 rich 
 dull 
 
 clemens 
 
 ntis 
 
 elegans 
 
 ntis 
 
 frequens 
 
 ntis 
 
 prudens 
 
 ntis 
 
 recens 
 
 ntis 
 
 sons 
 
 ntis 
 
 major 
 
 oris 
 
 melior 
 
 ioris 
 
 memor 
 
 oris 
 
 minor 
 
 oris 
 
 ocior 
 
 oris 
 
 pejor 
 
 oris 
 
 plus 
 
 uris 
 
 dives 
 
 itis 
 
 hebes 
 
 etis 
 
 seniority 
 
 clemency 
 
 elegance 
 
 frequency 
 
 prudence 
 
 recent 
 
 sontic 
 
 majority 
 to ameliorate 
 memory 
 minority 
 the ocean 
 comp. of malus 
 plural 
 
 Dives 
 
 hebetude 
 
 Mendacity] i. e. falsehood. 
 
 Procacity] i. e. petulence, sauciness. 
 
 Truculent] i. e. terrible of aspect, destructive, cruel. 
 
 Sontic] i. e. hurtful. 
 
 The ocean] ocior, swifter, is itself derived from the Greek cjkvs, swift, 
 whence is formed the word ocean, so called by reason of the swift motion 
 of its waves when agitated by a storm. 
 
 Dives] the rich man in the Gospel. 
 
 Hebetude] i. e. dulness, obtuseness, bluntness. 
 
ROOT ADJECTIVES. 
 
 39 
 
 round ; smooth 
 
 teres 
 
 etis whence to terebrate - 
 
 powerful 
 
 tpos 
 
 otis 
 
 . . potent 
 
 celebrated 
 
 celeber 
 
 bris 
 
 . celebrity 
 
 equal 
 
 par 
 
 aris 
 
 . parity 
 
 swift 
 
 celer 
 
 eris 
 
 . celerity 
 
 poor 
 
 pauper 
 
 eris 
 
 . . a pauper 
 
 old 
 
 vetus 
 
 eris 
 
 . veteran 
 
 powerful 
 
 fops 
 
 opis 
 
 . . opulent 
 
 watchful 
 
 vigil 
 
 ilis 
 
 . vigilant 
 
 as many as 
 
 quot 
 
 indecl. 
 
 . aliquot 
 
 so many 
 
 tot 
 
 indecl. 
 
 NUMERALS. 
 
 . . total 
 
 one 
 
 unus 
 
 a um 
 
 . unity 
 
 two 
 
 duo 
 
 se o 
 
 . a duet 
 
 three 
 
 tres 
 
 ium 
 
 . the Trinity 
 
 four 
 
 quatuor 
 
 indecl. . 
 
 . quadruped 
 
 five 
 
 quinque 
 
 indecl. 
 
 . quintuple 
 
 six 
 
 sex 
 
 indecl. 
 
 . a sextant 
 
 seven 
 
 septem 
 
 indecl. 
 
 . . September 
 
 eight 
 
 octo 
 
 indecl. 
 
 . October 
 
 nine 
 
 novem 
 
 indecl. 
 
 . November 
 
 To terebrate] from teres, round, smooth, comes terebra, an auger, whence 
 terebro, to bore, and thence the English verb to terebrate; i. e. to bore or 
 pierce, to make a round smooth hole as with an auger. 
 
 Aliquot] from quot, as many as, and alius, another, comes aliquot, a term 
 used in arithmetic to express that part of a number which will divide the 
 whole number of which it is a part, without any remainder; i. e. the 
 several aliquot parts are as many as the other whole number. 
 
 Quadruped] i. e. having four feet. 
 
 Quintuple] i. e. five fold. 
 
 A sextant] i. e. the sixth part of a circle. 
 
 September] from septem, seven, comes September. The ancients began 
 the year with March and ended with February, according to which, Sep- 
 tember, October, November, and December, were the seventh, eighth, ninth, 
 and tenth months of the year. The moderns have retained so much of the 
 ancient custom of calculating the year as relates to the signs of the zodiac ; 
 Aries, the ram, being the first sign, which is entered by the sun in the 
 month of March, and Pisces, the fishes, the last sign, which is in the 
 month of February. 
 
40 
 
 ROOT ADJECTIVES. 
 
 ten 
 
 decern 
 
 twenty 
 
 viginti 
 
 hundred 
 
 centum 
 
 thousand 
 
 mille 
 
 indecl. whence December 
 
 indecl. . . Vingt-wra - 
 
 indecl. . . century 
 
 indecl. in sing, a mile 
 
 Vingt-un] the French vingt, twenty, is derived from the Latin word 
 viginti, and thence vingt-un, a game with cards consisting of twenty-one 
 points. 
 
 A mile] from mille, a thousand, is derived the word mile; being, as 
 computed by the Romans, mille passus, a thousand paces. 
 
ROOT VERBS. 
 
 41 
 
 ROOT VERBS. 
 
 t This mark is prefixed to those verbs which are obsolete. 
 
 * This mark is annexed to the perfect tense or supine of such verbs as have 
 more than one ; for which see list, page 54. 
 
 Observe, That a in the penultimate syllable of Verbs of the first conjuga- 
 tion is always long, except in a very few cases, which are here distin- 
 guished by a short mark, as d&tum. 
 
 FIRST CONJUGATION. 
 
 The infinitive in are, as aestimare, to estimate. 
 
 
 
 FIRST LESSON. 
 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to estimate 
 
 Eestimo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum whence estimation 
 
 to walk 
 
 ambulo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . perambulation 
 
 to love 
 
 amo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . amorous 
 
 to fit 
 
 apto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . to adapt 
 
 to plough 
 
 aro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . arable 
 
 to listen 
 
 ausculto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . auscultation 
 
 to bless 
 
 beo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . beatitude 
 
 to carve 
 
 cselo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . celature 
 
 to call 
 
 fcalo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . calends 
 
 to chastise 
 
 castigo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . castigation 
 
 to conceal 
 
 celo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . concealment 
 
 to contend 
 
 certo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . co wcertati on 
 
 to begin 
 
 fchoo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . wchoation 
 
 to cry out 
 
 clamo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . clamorous 
 
 to incline 
 
 fclino 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 * inclination 
 
 Auscultation^ a hearkening or listening to. 
 
 Celature] i. e. the art of engraving. 
 
 Calends] the first days of the month in the Roman Calendar. They 
 were so called because called over or proclaimed by a crier. This verb 
 calo may be considered as obsolete, being only used in the three following 
 ways, viz. calare comitia, to call the comitia ; calare dies, to call over the 
 days; calare Junonem, to call upon Juno. 
 
 Concertation] i. e. a contending together. 
 
 Inchoation] i. e. inception, beginning. 
 
 E 2 
 
42 
 
 ROOT VERBS. 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to think 
 
 cogito 
 
 avi 
 
 atum whence cogitation 
 
 to strain 
 
 colo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . colander 
 
 to conciliate 
 
 concilio 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . conciliation 
 
 to burn 
 
 cremo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . cremation 
 
 to create 
 
 creo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . creation 
 
 to dedicate 
 
 dico 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . dedication 
 
 to wander 
 
 erro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . errant 
 
 to fatigue 
 
 fatigo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . fatigue 
 
 to hasten 
 
 festino 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . festination 
 
 to burn 
 
 flagro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . conflagration 
 
 to blow 
 
 flo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . inflation 
 
 to bore 
 
 foro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . jyerforation 
 
 to be fragrant 
 
 fragro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . fragrancy 
 
 to direct 
 
 guberno 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . government 
 
 to taste 
 
 gusto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . disgust 
 
 to breathe 
 
 halo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . exhalation 
 
 to gape 
 
 hio 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . hiatus 
 
 to invite 
 
 invito 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . invitation 
 
 to rejoice 
 
 jubilo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . jubilee 
 
 to scold 
 
 jurgo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . objurgation 
 
 to swear 
 
 juro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . perjury 
 
 to bark at 
 
 latro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . latrant 
 
 to wash 
 
 lavo 
 
 lavi 
 
 lotum* 
 
 . . to lave 
 
 to send away 
 
 lego 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . a delegate 
 
 to pour 
 
 libo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . libation 
 
 to bind 
 
 ligo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . ligature 
 
 to loosen 
 
 luxo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . * luxation 
 
 to commit 
 
 mando 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . to remand 
 
 to flow 
 
 mano 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . emanation 
 
 Colander] i. e. a sieve, a strainer. 
 
 Cremation] i. e. a burning. 
 
 Festination] i. e. haste, hurry. 
 
 Hiatus] i. e. gap, a gaping j^the opening of the mouth in pronouncing 
 two vowels without a consonant between them. 
 
 Latrant] i. e. barking. 
 
 A delegate] i. e. any one that is sent to act for another. 
 
 Luxation] i. e. loosening of the joints ; also from luxo comes Iweuria, 
 luxury ; i. e. a loosening both of mind and body. 
 
 Emanation] i. e. a flowing from. 
 

 ROOT VERBS. 
 
 43 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to go 
 
 meo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum whence to meander 
 
 to migrate 
 
 migro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . migration 
 
 to show 
 
 monstro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . demonstration 
 
 to change 
 
 muto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . mutable 
 
 to narrate 
 
 narro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . narration 
 
 to deny 
 
 nego 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . negative 
 
 to swim 
 
 no 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . natation 
 
 to mark 
 
 noto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . annotation 
 
 to announce 
 
 nuncio 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . denunciation 
 
 to wish 
 
 op to 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . optative 
 
 to decorate 
 
 orno 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . ornament 
 
 to pray 
 
 oro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . adoration 
 
 to prepare 
 
 paro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . preparation 
 
 to sin 
 
 pecco 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . a peccadillo 
 
 to name 
 
 fpello 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . appellation 
 
 to penetrate 
 
 penetro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . penetration 
 
 to appease 
 
 placo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . * placable 
 
 to deplore 
 
 ploro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . deplorable 
 
 to carry 
 
 porto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 portable 
 
 to demand 
 
 postulo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . expostulation 
 
 to drink 
 
 poto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum* 
 
 > . potation 
 
 to hasten 
 
 propero 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . properation 
 
 to purge 
 
 purgo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . purgative 
 
 to think 
 
 puto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . deputation 
 
 to lop 
 
 puto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . amputation 
 
 to water 
 
 rigo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . irrigation 
 
 to ask 
 
 rogo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . interrogation 
 
 to keep 
 
 servo 
 
 avi 
 
 SECOND 
 
 atum 
 
 LESSON. 
 
 . . servant 
 
 to hope 
 
 spero 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . desperation 
 
 to breathe 
 
 spiro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . inspiration 
 
 Natation] i. e.the act of swimming. 
 
 Peccadillo] i. e. a petty fault, a little or pardonable sin. 
 
 Properation] i. e. a hastening. 
 
 Amputation] i. e. the cutting off a limb. This word is compounded of 
 am, about, and puto, to lop or cut, and strictly signifies a cutting off by 
 incision all round. 
 
 Desperation] i. e. hopelessness. 
 
44 
 
 ROOT VERBS. 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supiue 
 
 
 to purpose 
 
 fstino 
 
 avi 
 
 atum whence destination 
 
 to condense 
 
 stipo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . constipation 
 
 to sweat 
 
 sudo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . sudori^c 
 
 to temper 
 
 tempero avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . temperature 
 
 to endure 
 
 tolero 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . toleration 
 
 to howl 
 
 ululo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . . a yell 
 
 to be free from 
 
 vaco 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . vacation 
 
 to devastate 
 
 vasto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . devastation 
 
 to trace 
 
 vestigo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . investigation 
 
 to brandish 
 
 vibro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . vibration 
 
 to avoid 
 
 vito 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . inevitable 
 
 to call 
 
 voco 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . invocation 
 
 to fly 
 
 volo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . volatile 
 
 to devour 
 
 voro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 . voracious 
 
 to make noise 
 
 crepo 
 
 ui 
 
 crepitum 
 
 . discrepancy 
 
 to lie down 
 
 cubo 
 
 ui 
 
 cubitum 
 
 . incubation 
 
 to tame 
 
 domo 
 
 ui 
 
 doraitum 
 
 . indomitable 
 
 to rub 
 
 frico 
 
 ui 
 
 frictum 
 
 . friction 
 
 to fold 
 
 plico 
 
 ui* 
 
 
 . mnZ/iplication 
 
 
 to cut 
 
 seco 
 
 ui 
 
 sectum 
 
 . a section 
 
 to thunder 
 
 tono 
 
 ui 
 
 tonitum 
 
 . detonation 
 
 to forbid 
 
 veto 
 
 ui 
 
 vetitum 
 
 . the Veto 
 
 to give 
 
 do 
 
 dedi 
 
 datum 
 
 . dative 
 
 to stand 
 
 sto 
 
 steti 
 
 statum 
 
 . stationary 
 
 to help 
 
 juvo 
 
 juvi 
 
 jutum 
 
 . coadjutor 
 
 to delight 
 
 juvo 
 
 juvi 
 
 jutum 
 
 joyful 
 
 Sudorific] i. e. causing sweat. 
 
 A yell] from ululo, also comes an owl, in Latin ulula, so called from its 
 howling or screeching. 
 
 Discrepanc5 r ] from crepo, to make a noise, comes discrepo, to disagree j 
 i. e. literally not to sound in unison, and thence, discrepancy, a discordance 
 or want of harmony. 
 
 Incubation] i. e. the act of sitting upon eggs to hatch them. 
 
 The Veto] from veto, to forbid, comes the word Veto, a term formerly 
 used by the head of the executive power of France, under the republican 
 government, to express refusal of a proposed measure. The Pope, in like 
 manner, when he refuses his assent to any measure is said to give his Veto. 
 
 Dative] i. e. in grammar, the case that signifies the person to whom any 
 thing is given. 
 
 Coadjutor] i. e. a fellow helper, an assistant. 
 
ROOT VERBS. 
 
 45 
 
 
 
 DEPONENTS. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 
 
 
 
 to flatter 
 
 adulor 
 
 adulatus 
 
 sum vel 
 
 fui wh 
 
 adulation 
 
 to speak 
 
 for 
 
 fatus 
 
 s. 
 
 V. 
 
 f. . 
 
 infant 
 
 to exhort 
 
 hortor 
 
 hortatus 
 
 s. 
 
 V. 
 
 f. . 
 
 exhortation 
 
 to imitate 
 
 imitor 
 
 imitatus 
 
 s. 
 
 V. 
 
 f. . 
 
 imitation 
 
 to struggle 
 
 luctor 
 
 luctatus 
 
 s. 
 
 V. 
 
 f. . 
 
 reluctant 
 
 to meditate 
 
 meditor 
 
 meditatus 
 
 s. 
 
 V. 
 
 f. . 
 
 meditation 
 
 to think 
 
 opinor 
 
 opinatus 
 
 s. 
 
 V. 
 
 f. . 
 
 opinion 
 
 to pray 
 
 precor 
 
 precatus 
 
 s. 
 
 V. 
 
 f. . 
 
 deprecation 
 
 to examine 
 
 scrutor 
 
 scrutatus 
 
 s. 
 
 V. 
 
 f. . 
 
 scrutiny 
 
 to console 
 
 solor 
 
 solatus 
 
 s. 
 
 V. 
 
 f. . 
 
 consolation 
 
 to wander 
 
 vagor 
 
 vagatus 
 
 s. 
 
 V. 
 
 f. . 
 
 a vagabond 
 
 to hunt 
 
 venor 
 
 venatus 
 
 s. 
 
 V. 
 
 f. . 
 
 venison 
 
 SECOND CONJUGATION. 
 
 The Infinitive in ere, as calere, to grow warm. 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to grow warm 
 
 caleo 
 
 ui 
 
 calitum 
 
 . . caloric 
 
 to judge 
 
 censeo 
 
 ui 
 
 censum 
 
 . a censor 
 
 to owe 
 
 debeo 
 
 ui 
 
 debitum 
 
 . debt 
 
 to teach 
 
 doceo 
 
 ui 
 
 doctum 
 
 . docile 
 
 to grieve 
 
 doleo 
 
 ui 
 
 dolitum 
 
 . doleful 
 
 to have 
 
 habeo 
 
 ui 
 
 habitum 
 
 . a habit 
 
 to lie down 
 
 jaceo 
 
 ui 
 
 jacitum 
 
 . adjacent 
 
 to lie hid 
 
 lateo 
 
 ui 
 
 latitum 
 
 . latent 
 
 to merit 
 
 mereo 
 
 ui 
 
 meritum 
 
 . merit 
 
 to mix 
 
 misceo 
 
 ui 
 
 mixtum* 
 
 . promiscuous 
 
 Infant] from fans, speaking, the present participle of for, to speak, comes 
 an infant ; i. e. not speaking. 
 
 Caloric] from caleo, to grow warm, is derived calor, heat, whence caloric. 
 Caloric is a term used in Chymistry to express the principle of heat which 
 exists in all bodies. 
 
46 
 
 ROOT VERBS. 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to admonish 
 
 moneo 
 
 ui 
 
 monitumw^ 
 
 . a monitor 
 
 to smell 
 
 oleo 
 
 ui 
 
 olitum 
 
 olfactory 
 
 to appear or obey pareo 
 
 ui 
 
 paritum . 
 
 apparent 
 
 to please 
 
 placeo 
 
 ui 
 
 placitum . 
 
 placid 
 
 to absorb 
 
 sorbeo 
 
 ui* 
 
 sorptum . 
 
 absorbent 
 
 to be silent 
 
 taceo 
 
 ui 
 
 taciturn . 
 
 taciturnity 
 
 to hold 
 
 teneo 
 
 ui 
 
 tentum . 
 
 retention 
 
 to terrify 
 
 terreo 
 
 ui 
 
 territum . 
 
 terror 
 
 to roast 
 
 torreo 
 
 ui 
 
 tostum 
 
 torrid 
 
 to be acid 
 
 aceo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 acidity 
 
 
 to drive away 
 to be parched 
 
 arceo 
 areo 
 
 ui 
 ui 
 
 
 Ofi^vnM\r\ 
 
 
 cc/crciuii 
 arid 
 
 
 to be white 
 to want 
 to want 
 
 candeo 
 
 careo 
 
 egeo 
 
 ui 
 ui 
 ui 
 
 
 candid 
 a caret 
 w-d-igent 
 
 
 
 
 to be fervid 
 
 ferveo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 fervency 
 
 
 
 to shiver 
 to be wet 
 to languish 
 
 horreo 
 humeo 
 langueo 
 
 
 
 
 horror 
 
 humid 
 
 languid 
 
 ui 
 ui 
 
 
 
 
 to melt 
 
 fliqueo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 liquid 
 
 
 
 to grow thin 
 
 maceo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 emaciated 
 
 , 
 
 to be wet 
 
 madeo 
 
 ui * 
 
 
 to madi/y 
 
 
 
 to hang over 
 
 fmineo 
 
 ui 
 
 THIRD I. 
 
 
 imminent 
 
 -ESSON. 
 
 to shine 
 to hurt 
 to grow pale 
 
 niteo 
 noceo 
 palleo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 nitent 
 innocent 
 pallid 
 
 
 ui 
 
 
 * 
 
 to lie open 
 
 pateo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 Letters patent 
 
 
 to be stiff 
 
 rigeo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 rigid 
 
 Olfactory] i. e. having the sense of smelling. 
 
 Candid] i. e. bright, fair, ingenuous. From candeo is also derived the 
 term candidate > because, anciently, suitors for an office were clothed in 
 white garments. 
 
 A caret] the mark (a) showing that something is wanting. 
 
 Horror] horreo signifies to shiver with horror, to be horror-struck. 
 
 To madify] i. e. to moisten, to make wet. 
 
 Nitent] i. e. bright, shining, lustrous. 
 
 Letters patent] i. e. letters open to the perusal of all. 
 

 ROOT VERBS. 
 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to be silent 
 to shine 
 
 sileo 
 splendeo 
 
 
 
 
 wh, silence 
 . splendid 
 
 Ul 
 
 ui 
 
 
 
 to be filthy 
 
 squaleo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 . squalid 
 
 
 to study 
 
 studeo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 . studious 
 
 
 to be amazed 
 
 stupeo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 . stupi/?ed 
 
 
 to grow warm 
 
 tepeo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 . tepid 
 
 
 to fear 
 
 to be numb 
 
 timeo 
 torpeo 
 
 
 
 
 . timid 
 . torpid 
 
 ui 
 
 
 
 to swell 
 to be strong 
 
 tumeo 
 valeo 
 
 
 
 
 . tumid 
 . valid 
 
 Ul 
 
 ui 
 
 
 
 to flourish 
 
 vigeo 
 
 ui 
 
 
 . vigorous 
 
 
 to be green 
 to increase 
 
 vireo 
 augeo 
 
 ui 
 auxi 
 
 
 . verdant 
 . to augment 
 
 auctum 
 
 to mourn 
 
 Iugeo 
 
 luxi 
 
 luctum 
 
 . lugubrious 
 
 to be cold 
 
 algeo 
 
 alsi 
 
 
 . algid 
 
 
 to burn 
 
 ardeo 
 
 arsi 
 
 arsum 
 
 . ardent 
 
 to shine 
 
 fulgeo 
 
 fulsi 
 
 fulsum 
 
 . refulgent 
 
 to stick 
 
 heereo 
 
 hsesi 
 
 hsesum 
 
 . to adhere 
 
 to indulge 
 
 indulgeo 
 
 indulsi 
 
 indulsum 
 
 . indulgent 
 
 to command 
 
 jubeo 
 
 jussi 
 
 jussum 
 
 . justice 
 
 to remain 
 
 maneo 
 
 mansi 
 
 mansum 
 
 . permanent 
 
 to soothe 
 
 mulceo 
 
 mulsi 
 
 mulsum 
 
 . emulsion 
 
 to laugh 
 
 rideo 
 
 risi 
 
 risum 
 
 . ridicule 
 
 to advise 
 
 suadeo 
 
 suasi 
 
 suasum 
 
 . persuasion 
 
 to wipe 
 
 tergeo 
 
 tersi 
 
 tersum 
 
 . detergent 
 
 to twist 
 
 torqueo 
 
 torsi 
 
 tortum 
 
 . torture 
 
 to be turgid 
 
 turgeo 
 
 tursi 
 
 
 . turgid 
 
 
 to urge 
 
 urgeo 
 
 ursi 
 
 ursum 
 
 . urgent 
 
 47 
 
 Lugubrious] i. e. mournful, sorrowful. 
 
 Algid] i. e. cold, chill. 
 
 Ardent] i. e. hot, burning, passionate ; hence also is derived arson, the 
 crime of house-burning. 
 
 Justice] from jussum, the participle of jubeo, to order, or command, to 
 be done, is derived jus, authority, right, or law; hence justitia, justice . 
 Jus is the general law, &sjus gentium, the law of nations ; lex is the written 
 or particular law, as lex Julia, the Julian law, &c. 
 
 Detergent] i. e. that has the power of cleansing. 
 
48 
 
 ROOT VERBS. 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to dine 
 
 prandeo 
 
 prandi 
 
 pransum wh 
 
 . a prandicle 
 
 to sit 
 
 sedeo 
 
 sedi 
 
 sessum 
 
 sedentary 
 
 to make noise 
 to see 
 
 strideo 
 video 
 
 stridi 
 vidi 
 
 
 stridulous 
 evident 
 
 visum 
 
 to blot out 
 
 deleo 
 
 delevi 
 
 dele turn . 
 
 mdelible 
 
 to grow 
 
 oleo 
 
 olevi 
 
 oletum 
 
 adolescence 
 
 to fill 
 
 pleo 
 
 plevi 
 
 pletum 
 
 replete 
 
 to be accustomed sueo 
 
 suevi 
 
 suetum 
 
 desuetude 
 
 to be aware of 
 
 caveo 
 
 cavi 
 
 cautum . 
 
 caution 
 
 to favour 
 
 faveo 
 
 favi 
 
 fautum 
 
 favour 
 
 to cherish 
 
 foveo 
 
 fovi 
 
 fotum 
 
 to foster 
 
 to move 
 
 moveo 
 
 movi 
 
 motum 
 
 moveable 
 
 to wink at 
 
 fniveo 
 
 nivi* 
 
 
 to connive 
 
 
 
 to be fearful 
 
 paveo 
 
 pavi 
 
 
 pavid 
 
 
 
 to vow 
 
 voveo 
 
 vovi 
 
 votum 
 
 votive 
 
 to bite 
 
 mordeo 
 
 momordi 
 
 morsum . 
 
 a morsel 
 
 to hang 
 
 pendeo 
 
 pependi 
 
 pensum . 
 
 pendent 
 
 to promise 
 
 spondeo 
 
 spopondi 
 
 i sponsum . 
 
 a sponsor 
 
 to shear or clip 
 
 tondeo 
 
 totondi 
 
 tonsum 
 
 a tonsor 
 
 
 
 DEPONENTS. 
 
 
 to confess 
 
 fateor 
 
 fassus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 confession 
 
 to promise 
 
 polliceor 
 
 pollicitus 
 
 ; s. v. f. 
 
 a policy 
 
 to think 
 
 reor 
 
 ratus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 rational 
 
 to behold 
 
 tueor 
 
 tutus* 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 mtuitive 
 
 to protect 
 
 tueor 
 
 tutus* 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 a tutor 
 
 A prandicle] i. e. a little dinner. 
 
 Stridulous] i. e. making a whizzing, creaking noise. 
 
 Desuetude] i. e. disuse. 
 
 Pavid] i. e. timorous, fearful. 
 
 A sponsor] i. e. a surety, one who makes a promise to give security for 
 another. 
 
 A policy] from polliceor, to promise, comes apolicy of assurance, so called 
 because it is an instrument in writing, whereby assurers promise to make 
 good the value of any thing assured on the conditions therein mentioned. 
 
 Intuitive] i. e. seen by the mind immediately 5 beheld, a3 it were, in- 
 wardly. 
 
ROOT VERBS. 
 
 49 
 
 Present Perfect 
 
 vereor veritus 
 
 rnedeor 
 
 sum vel fui wh. reverence 
 s. v. f. . medicine 
 
 NEUTER PASSIVES. 
 
 audeo 
 
 gaudeo 
 
 soleo solitus 
 
 ausus s. v. f. 
 
 gavisus s. v. f. 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 audacious 
 gaudy 
 obsolete 
 
 decet 
 
 oportet 
 
 pcenitet 
 
 libet 
 
 licet 
 
 pudet 
 
 piget 
 
 toedet 
 
 IMPERSONALS. 
 
 decuit 
 
 oportuit 
 
 poenituit 
 
 libuit et libitum est 
 licuit et licitum est 
 puduit et puditum est 
 piguit et pigitum est 
 tseduit et tsesum est 
 
 . decent 
 . important 
 . penitence 
 . ad libitum 
 . licence 
 . impudence 
 . pigritude 
 . tedious 
 
 THIRD CONJUGATION. 
 
 The infinitive in ere, as dicere, to say. 
 
 
 
 FOURTH LESSON. 
 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to say 
 
 dico 
 
 dixi 
 
 dictum 
 
 . diction 
 
 to lead 
 
 duco 
 
 duxi 
 
 ductum 
 
 . conductor 
 
 to fix 
 
 figo 
 
 fixi 
 
 fixum 
 
 . fixture 
 
 to afflict 
 
 ffligo 
 
 flixi 
 
 flictum 
 
 . a/fliction 
 
 to guide 
 
 rego 
 
 rexi 
 
 rectum 
 
 . Erection 
 
 to cover 
 to vex 
 
 tego 
 ango 
 
 texi 
 anxi 
 
 tectum 
 
 . to protect 
 . anger 
 
 Obsolete] i. e. no longer customary. 
 
 Ad libitum] i. e. according to one's will or pleasure. 
 
 Pigritude] i. e. laziness, slothfulness. 
 
50 
 
 ROOT VERBS. 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to clang 
 
 clango 
 
 clanxi 
 
 
 vh. clangor 
 
 
 to surround 
 
 cingo 
 
 cinxi 
 
 cinctum 
 
 cincture 
 
 to form or feign fingo 
 
 finxi 
 
 fictum 
 
 . fiction 
 
 to join 
 
 jungo 
 
 junxi 
 
 junctum 
 
 . junction 
 
 to drive in 
 
 pango 
 
 panxi 
 
 pactum 
 
 . package 
 
 to paint 
 
 pingo 
 
 pinxi 
 
 pictum 
 
 . picture 
 
 to grasp or bind stringo 
 
 strinxi 
 
 strictum 
 
 . astringent 
 
 to tinge or dip 
 
 tingo 
 
 tinxi 
 
 tinctum 
 
 . to tinge 
 
 to anoint 
 
 ungo 
 
 unxi 
 
 unctum 
 
 . unction 
 
 to draw 
 
 traho 
 
 traxi 
 
 tractum 
 
 . extraction 
 
 to convey 
 
 veho 
 
 vexi 
 
 vectum 
 
 . vehicle 
 
 to allure 
 
 flacio 
 
 laxi 
 
 lactum 
 
 . delicious 
 
 to behold 
 
 specio 
 
 spexi 
 
 spectum 
 
 . a spectacle 
 
 to boil 
 
 coquo 
 
 coxi 
 
 coctum 
 
 . decoction 
 
 to bend 
 
 flecto 
 
 flexi 
 
 flexum 
 
 . flexible 
 
 to knit 
 
 necto 
 
 nexi* 
 
 nexum 
 
 . to connect 
 
 to knit or join 
 
 plecto 
 
 plexi* 
 
 plexum 
 
 . complex 
 
 to flow 
 
 fluo 
 
 fluxi 
 
 fluxum 
 
 . fluid 
 
 to extinguish 
 
 stinguo 
 
 stinxi 
 
 stinctum 
 
 . extinguish 
 
 to build 
 
 struo 
 
 struxi 
 
 structum 
 
 . structure 
 
 to live 
 
 vivo 
 
 vixi 
 
 victum 
 
 . to revive 
 
 to nourish 
 
 alo 
 
 ui 
 
 alitum* 
 
 . aliment 
 
 to cultivate 
 
 colo 
 
 ui 
 
 cultum 
 
 . colony 
 
 to worship 
 
 colo 
 
 ui 
 
 cultum 
 
 . culte (Fr.) 
 
 to consult 
 
 consulo 
 
 ui 
 
 consultum 
 
 . consultation 
 
 to hide 
 
 occulo 
 
 ui 
 
 occultum 
 
 . occult 
 
 to roar 
 
 fremo 
 
 ui 
 
 fremitum 
 
 . fremir (Fr.) 
 
 to groan 
 
 gemo 
 
 ui 
 
 gem i turn 
 
 . gemir (Fr.) 
 
 to tremble 
 
 tremo 
 
 ui 
 
 tremitum 
 
 tremor 
 
 to vomit 
 
 vomo 
 
 ui 
 
 vomitum 
 
 to vomit 
 
 to knead 
 
 pinso 
 
 ui* 
 
 pinsum* 
 
 . a pestle 
 
 to interweave 
 
 sero 
 
 ui 
 
 sertum 
 
 . mserrion 
 
 to make noise 
 
 strepo 
 
 ui 
 
 strepitum 
 
 . o&streperous 
 
 A pestle] pinsi 
 
 pistillum, a pestle 
 
 Obstreperous] i 
 
 > also makes pistum in the supine, 
 . e. loud, clamorous, noisy. 
 
 whence is derived 
 
ROOT VERBS. 
 
 51 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to weave 
 
 texo 
 
 ui 
 
 textum wh. 
 
 texture 
 
 to sharpen 
 
 acuo 
 
 ui 
 
 acutum 
 
 acute 
 
 to argue 
 
 arguo 
 
 ui 
 
 argutum 
 
 argument 
 
 to put on 
 
 fduo 
 
 ui 
 
 dutum 
 
 to e*t due 
 
 to wash away 
 
 luo 
 
 ui 
 
 lutum 
 
 ablution 
 
 to lessen 
 
 minuo 
 
 ui 
 
 minutum . 
 
 diminution 
 
 to nod 
 
 fnuo 
 
 ui 
 
 nutum 
 
 nutation 
 
 to rain 
 
 pluo 
 
 ui 
 
 plutum 
 
 pluvious 
 
 to rush 
 
 ruo 
 
 ui 
 
 rutum 
 
 ruin 
 
 to plough up 
 
 ruo 
 
 ui 
 
 rutum 
 
 to root up 
 
 to appoint 
 
 statuo 
 
 ui 
 
 statutum . 
 
 a statute 
 
 to sew 
 
 suo 
 
 ui 
 
 sutum 
 
 a suture 
 
 to deliver 
 
 tribuo 
 
 ui 
 
 tributum . 
 
 tribute 
 
 to beget 
 
 gigno 
 
 genui 
 
 genitum 
 
 progenitor 
 
 to mow 
 
 meto 
 
 messui 
 
 messum 
 
 moisson (Fr.) 
 
 to place 
 
 pono 
 
 posui 
 
 positum 
 
 position 
 
 to snatch 
 
 rapio 
 
 rapui 
 
 rap turn 
 
 rapine 
 
 to drink 
 
 bibo 
 
 
 bibitum 
 
 to imbibe 
 
 to lick * 
 to burn 
 
 lambo 
 fcando 
 
 
 
 lambent 
 candle 
 
 
 cansum 
 
 to strike 
 
 cudo 
 
 
 cusum 
 
 percussion 
 
 to eat 
 
 edo 
 
 
 esum 
 
 edible 
 
 to strike 
 
 ffendo 
 
 
 fensum 
 
 defence 
 
 to chew 
 
 mando 
 
 
 mansum 
 
 manger 
 
 to show 
 
 ostendc 
 
 i 
 
 ostensum . 
 
 ostensible 
 
 to expand 
 
 pando 
 
 
 pansum* . 
 
 expansion 
 
 to seize 
 
 prehendoi 
 
 prehensum . 
 
 ^prehension 
 
 to mount 
 
 scando 
 
 
 scansum 
 
 ascension 
 
 to settle (as birds) sido 
 
 
 
 subsidine; 
 
 
 to dig 
 
 fodio 
 
 
 fossum 
 
 a fosse 
 
 to fly 
 
 fugio 
 
 
 fugitum 
 
 fugitive 
 
 Nutation] from nutum the supine of nuo, to nod, comes nutation ; i. e 
 a tremulous motion of the earth's axis. 
 
 A suture] in surgery, the closing of wounds by sewing. 
 
 Defence] from fendo, to strike, comes defendo, to strike or ward off 
 whence the English word defence-, hence also a fender. 
 
52 
 
 ROOT VERBS. 
 
 
 Present Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to read 
 
 lego 
 
 i 
 
 lectum wh. 
 
 legible 
 
 to gather 
 
 lego 
 
 i 
 
 lectum 
 
 collection 
 
 to buy or take 
 
 emo 
 
 i 
 
 emptum 
 
 redemption 
 
 to pluck 
 
 vello 
 
 i* 
 
 vulsum 
 
 convulsion 
 
 to turn 
 
 verto 
 
 i 
 
 versum 
 
 conversion 
 
 to loosen 
 
 solvo 
 
 i 
 
 sohitum 
 
 solution 
 
 to roll 
 
 volvo 
 
 i 
 
 voliitum 
 
 to revolve 
 
 
 
 FIFTH LESSON. 
 
 
 to sift or see 
 
 cerno 
 
 crevi 
 
 cretum 
 
 discernment 
 
 to encrease 
 
 cresco 
 
 crevi 
 
 cretum 
 
 excrescence 
 
 to despise 
 
 sperno 
 
 sprevi 
 
 spretum 
 
 to spurn 
 
 to strew 
 
 sterno 
 
 stravi 
 
 stratum 
 
 consternation- 
 
 to desire 
 
 cupio 
 
 cupivi 
 
 cupitum 
 
 cupidity 
 
 to daub 
 
 lino 
 
 livi* 
 
 litum 
 
 liniment 
 
 to permit 
 
 sino 
 
 sivi 
 
 situm 
 
 situated 
 
 to rub 
 
 tero 
 
 trivi 
 
 tritum 
 
 attrition 
 
 to seek 
 
 peto 
 
 petivi 
 
 petitum 
 
 petition 
 
 to seek 
 
 qusero 
 
 qusesivi 
 
 qusesitum 
 
 to inquire 
 
 to know 
 
 nosco 
 
 novi 
 
 notum 
 
 notion 
 
 to feed 
 
 pasco 
 
 pavi 
 
 pastum 
 
 pasture 
 
 to sow 
 
 sero 
 
 sevi 
 
 satum 
 
 a series 
 
 to cleave 
 
 nndo 
 
 fidi 
 
 fissum 
 
 fissure 
 
 to pour 
 
 fundo 
 
 fudi 
 
 fusum 
 
 infusion 
 
 to leave 
 
 linquo 
 
 liqui 
 
 lictum 
 
 to relinquish 
 
 to break or burst rumpo 
 
 rupi 
 
 ruptum 
 
 rupture 
 
 Consternation] from sterno, to strew, is derived consternation ; i. e, a con 
 fusion or strewing altogether. From stratus, the participle of sterno, is 
 also derived the term strata; i. e. layers of earth, gravel, &c, which seem 
 as if regularly strewed. 
 
 Situated] sino strictly signifies to permit, let, or suffer to be done; its par- 
 ticiple situs also signifies situated, and thence is derived site and situation. 
 Although the participle bears this latter signification, it is to be observed 
 that the verb itself is never used in this sense, which has caused some 
 lexicographers to be of opinion that situs, situated, does not belong to the 
 verb sino, to permit, but rather to the verb sero, sevi, satum, to sow or plant. 
 
 A series] from sero, to sow, is derived a series, being an order, train, or re- 
 gular continuation of things in line one after another, as observed in sowing. 
 
ROOT VERBS. 
 
 53 
 
 ) 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 to divide 
 
 scindo 
 
 scidi 
 
 scissum wh. scissors 
 
 to strike 
 
 ico 
 
 ici 
 
 ictum 
 
 * * * 
 
 to conquer 
 
 vinco 
 
 vici 
 
 victum 
 
 . victorious 
 
 to shut 
 
 claudo 
 
 clausi 
 
 clausum 
 
 . to exclude 
 
 to divide 
 
 divido 
 
 divisi 
 
 divisum 
 
 . division 
 
 to hurt or dash 
 
 lsedo 
 
 lsesi 
 
 lsesum 
 
 . collision 
 
 to play- 
 
 ludo 
 
 lusi 
 
 lusum 
 
 . collusion 
 
 to immerse 
 
 mergo 
 
 mersi 
 
 mersum 
 
 . immersion 
 
 to send 
 
 mitto 
 
 misi 
 
 milium 
 
 mission 
 
 to applaud 
 
 plaudo 
 
 plausi 
 
 plausum 
 
 . applause 
 
 to shave 
 
 rado 
 
 rasi 
 
 rasum 
 
 . rasor 
 
 to gnaw 
 
 rodo 
 
 rosi 
 
 rosum 
 
 . to corrode 
 
 to scatter 
 
 spargo 
 
 sparsi 
 
 sparsum 
 
 to disperse 
 
 to thrust 
 
 trudo 
 
 trusi 
 
 trusum 
 
 . intrusion 
 
 to go 
 
 vado 
 
 vasi 
 
 vasum 
 
 . invasion 
 
 to pluck 
 
 carpo 
 
 carpsi 
 
 carptum 
 
 . to carp at 
 
 to be married 
 
 nubo 
 
 nupsi 
 
 nuptum 
 
 . nuptials 
 
 to creep 
 
 repo 
 
 rep si 
 
 reptum 
 
 . reptile 
 
 to write 
 
 scribo 
 
 scripsi 
 
 scriptum 
 
 . inscription 
 
 to carve 
 
 sculpo 
 
 sculpsi 
 
 sculptum 
 
 sculpture 
 
 to take or spend sumo 
 
 sumpsi 
 
 sumptum 
 
 . to assume 
 
 to despise 
 
 temno 
 
 tempsi 
 
 temptum 
 
 to coratemn 
 
 to drive or act 
 
 ago 
 
 egi 
 
 actum 
 
 action 
 
 to break 
 
 frango 
 
 fregi 
 
 fractum 
 
 frangible 
 
 to take 
 
 capio 
 
 cepi 
 
 cap turn 
 
 capture 
 
 to make 
 
 facio 
 
 feci 
 
 factum 
 
 manufacture 
 
 to cast 
 
 jacio 
 
 jeci 
 
 jactum 
 
 rejection 
 
 to go 
 
 cedo 
 
 cessi 
 
 cessum 
 
 procession 
 
 to yield 
 
 cedo 
 
 cessi 
 
 cessum 
 
 a cession 
 
 to carry 
 
 gero 
 
 gessi 
 
 gestum 
 
 belligerent 
 
 Belligerent] i.e. carrying on or waging war; compounded of bellnm, 
 war, and gero, bear, or carry. 
 
 F 2 
 
54 
 
 ROOT VERBS. 
 
 to press 
 to shake 
 to burn 
 
 to fall 
 
 to cut or kill 
 to sing 
 to strike 
 to excel 
 to believe 
 to run 
 to learn 
 to deceive 
 to spare 
 to bring forth 
 to drive away 
 to demand 
 to prick 
 to rise 
 to touch 
 to tend to 
 to pound 
 to sell 
 to stop 
 
 Present Perfect 
 
 premo pressi 
 
 quatio quassi 
 
 uro ussi 
 
 cado 
 csedo 
 cano 
 fcello 
 fcello 
 credo 
 curro 
 disco 
 fallo 
 parco 
 pario 
 pello 
 posco 
 pungo 
 surgo 
 tango 
 tendo 
 tundo 
 vendo 
 sisto 
 
 cecidi 
 
 cecidi 
 
 cecini 
 
 cecuii 
 
 ceculi 
 
 credidi 
 
 cucurri 
 
 didici 
 
 fefelli 
 
 peperci 
 
 peperi 
 
 pepuli 
 
 poposci 
 
 pupugi 
 
 surrexi 
 
 tetigi 
 
 tetendi 
 
 tutudi 
 
 vendidi 
 
 stiti 
 
 Supine 
 pressum 
 quassum 
 ustum 
 
 casum 
 
 csesum 
 
 cantum 
 
 culsum 
 
 culsum 
 
 creditum 
 
 cursum 
 
 fa] sum 
 
 parsum 
 
 partum* 
 
 pulsum 
 
 postum 
 
 punctum 
 
 surrectum 
 
 tactum 
 
 tensum* 
 
 tunsum* 
 
 statum 
 
 wh. oppression 
 to quake 
 combustion 
 
 cadence 
 suicide 
 to chant 
 to recoil 
 excellent 
 credible 
 mcursion 
 disciple 
 fallible 
 parsimony 
 parent 
 to repel 
 to pose 
 puncture 
 resurrection 
 tangible 
 to extend 
 contusion 
 to vend 
 to resist 
 
 DEPONENTS. 
 
 SIXTH LESSON. 
 
 to obtain adipiscor adeptus sum vel fui an adept 
 
 to enjoy fruor fructus s. v. f.* . fruition 
 
 to perform office fungor functus s. v. f. . function 
 
 Combustion] i. e. conflagration, burning, tumult. 
 
 Cadence] i. e. fall of the voice. 
 
 Suicide] is compounded of sui, one's self, and ceedo, to kill; i. e. the kill- 
 ing of one's self. 
 
 To recoil] i. e. to strike back. 
 
 To pose] from posco, to demand or challenge, is said to be derived the 
 verb to pose, as also a poser, puzzle, &c ; a poser being strictly one who 
 challenges or asks questions to try capacities. 
 
 Contusion] tundo also makes tusumin the supine, whence contusion. 
 
ROOT VERBS. 
 
 55 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 
 
 to march or step gradior 
 
 gressus sum vel fui wh. gradual 
 
 to glide 
 
 labor 
 
 lapsus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 lapse 
 
 to speak 
 
 loquor 
 
 locutus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 eloquence 
 
 to obtain or gain 
 
 nauciscor 
 
 nactus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 * * * 
 
 to be born 
 
 nascor 
 
 natus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 nativity 
 
 to endeavour 
 
 nitor 
 
 nisus* 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 nitency 
 
 to lean 
 
 nitor 
 
 nisus* 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 . nixi Dii 
 
 to forget 
 
 obliviscor 
 
 oblitus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 oblivion 
 
 to covenant 
 
 paciscor 
 
 pactus 
 
 S. V. f. 
 
 a compact 
 
 to suffer 
 
 patior 
 
 passus 
 
 S. V. f. 
 
 patient 
 
 to complain 
 
 queror 
 
 questus 
 
 S. V. f. 
 
 querulous 
 
 to follow 
 
 sequor 
 
 secutus 
 
 S. V. f. 
 
 consequent 
 
 to use 
 
 utor 
 
 usus 
 
 S. V. f. 
 
 utility 
 
 NEUTER PASSIVES. 
 
 to trust 
 
 fido 
 
 fisus s. V. f. 
 
 to confide 
 
 to be done 
 
 no 
 
 factus s. v. f. 
 
 IRREGULARS. 
 
 . a fiat 
 
 to bear 
 
 fero 
 
 tuli latum 
 
 . to refer 
 
 to lift up 
 
 tollo 
 
 sustuli sublatum 
 
 . to Ctftol 
 
 to be 
 
 
 fui 
 
 
 to will 
 
 volo 
 
 
 > essence - 
 . voluntary 
 
 
 Gradual] i.e. step by step; hence also is derived ingress and egress, 
 also gradus, a step or rank, whence grade, graduate, &c. 
 
 Nitency] i. e. the act of endeavouring. 
 
 Nixi Dii] from nixus, the participle of the verb nitor, to lean, and Deus, 
 God, come the nixi Dii, or leaning gods. These were three statues in the 
 capitol at Rome, kneeling before Minerva's cell or chapel, which were 
 brought thither after the taking of Corinth. 
 
 A fiat] i. e. a decree ; this word is literally the third person singular, 
 imperative mood, of fio, and strictly expresses, let it be done. 
 
 To refer] from latus, the participle of fero, tuli, latum, to bear or bring, 
 comes also the verb to relate, in which sense this verb fero very frequently 
 occurs in Latin authors. The English verbs to relate, and to report, are 
 both formed of Latin verbs, signifying to bear or carry, because they de- 
 note a conveying from one to another. 
 
 Essence] from esse, the infinitive of the verb sum, fui, to be, comes 
 essentia, essence, i.e. the very being or nature of a thing.. 
 
56 
 
 ROOT VERBS. 
 
 FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
 
 The infinitive in Ire, as audire to hear. 
 
 
 Present 
 
 Perfect 
 
 Supine 
 
 to hear 
 
 audio 
 
 Ivi 
 
 audltum 
 
 to cite 
 
 cio 
 
 ivi 
 
 cituin 
 
 to sleep 
 
 dormio 
 
 ivi 
 
 dormitum 
 
 to bollow 
 
 mugio 
 
 ivi 
 
 mugitum 
 
 to nourish 
 
 nutrio 
 
 ivi 
 
 nutritum 
 
 to polish 
 
 polio 
 
 ivi 
 
 politum 
 
 to sanction 
 
 sancio 
 
 ivi 
 
 sanctum* 
 
 to know 
 
 scio 
 
 ivi 
 
 scitum 
 
 to bury 
 
 sepelio 
 
 ivi 
 
 sepultum 
 
 to go 
 
 eo 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum 
 
 to be able 
 
 queo 
 
 quivi 
 
 quitum 
 
 to open 
 
 aperio 
 
 ui 
 
 apertum 
 
 to leap 
 to taste 
 
 salio 
 sapio 
 
 ui* 
 ui 
 
 saltum 
 
 
 to be wise 
 
 sapio 
 
 ui 
 
 
 to prop fulcio fulsi fultum 
 
 to draw forth haurio hausi haustum* 
 
 to feel sentio sensi sensum 
 
 to come venio veni ventum 
 
 to bind vincio vinxi vinctum 
 
 Quite] from quitus, the participle of queo, quivi, quit 
 the English adverb quite ; i. e. ably, perfectly. 
 
 Desultory] i. e. without method, a leaping, as it 
 to another. 
 
 A fulcrum] i. e. the prop by which a lever is sustained. 
 
 To convene] i. e. to cause to come together. 
 
 to excite 
 
 dormant 
 
 to moo 
 
 nutriment 
 
 polite 
 
 sanction 
 
 science 
 
 sepulchre 
 
 erit 
 quite 
 
 aperient 
 desultory ' 
 iwsipid 
 sapient 
 
 a fulcrum 
 
 exhaustion 
 
 sense 
 
 to convene 
 
 a vincture 
 
 l um, to be able, comes 
 were, from one thing 
 
ROOT VERBS. 
 
 57 
 
 Present 
 to measure metior 
 to begin ordior 
 
 to spring forth orior 
 to try or essay f perior 
 
 DErONENTS. 
 
 Perfect 
 
 mensus sum vel fui wh. a meter 
 orsus s. v. f. . exordium 
 
 ortus s. v. f. . orient 
 
 peritus s. v. f. . experience 
 
 
 
 DEFECTIVES. 
 
 
 to covet 
 
 aveo 
 
 
 
 . avaricious 
 
 to be fruitful 
 
 ffeo 
 
 fetum 
 
 . fecundity 
 
 to be able 
 
 polleo 
 
 
 
 . equipollent 
 
 to rage 
 
 furo 
 
 
 
 . fury 
 
 to beseech 
 
 quseso 
 
 
 
 . to request 
 
 I began 
 
 
 
 ccepi 
 
 . incipient 
 
 I remember 
 
 
 
 memini - 
 
 . reminiscence 
 
 I hate 
 
 
 
 odi 
 
 . odious 
 
 I say 
 
 inquio 
 
 
 
 . quoth I 
 
 to say 
 
 aio 
 
 
 
 . aye 
 
 to go 
 
 fbito 
 
 
 
 . Mwbitable 
 
 to strike 
 
 ferio 
 
 
 
 . a ferule 
 
 A meter] from metior, to measure, comes a meter ; i. e. one who is ap- 
 pointed to inspect the measure of any commodity; also, from mensus, the 
 participle of this verb, and the preposition in, comes immense; i. e. im- 
 measurable. 
 
 Exordium] i. e. the commencement or opening of a speech. 
 
 Orient] from orior, to spring forth, comes oriens, the east, because it is 
 in the east that the sun rises. 
 
 Equipollent] from cequus, equal, and polleo, to be able, comes equipollent, 
 i. e. having equal force or power. 
 
 Aye] from the defective verb aio, I say, comes the English word aye; 
 i. e. yes; strictly signifying I say, I affirm, &c. 
 
 Indubitable] from duo, two, and bito, to go, is formed the verb dubito, to 
 doubt; strictly signifying to go two ways, whereby doubt is necessarily 
 implied; whence dubitable, indubitable, &c. 
 
58 
 
 ROOT VERBS HAVING TWO PERFECT TENSES. 
 
 
 Perfect 
 
 
 Perfect 
 
 
 Supine 
 
 1* 
 
 plicavi 
 
 vel 
 
 plicui 
 
 
 
 JU1C/U 
 
 
 
 
 nivi 
 sorbui 
 
 vel 
 vel 
 
 nixi 
 sorpsi 
 
 
 
 sorbeo 
 
 
 sorptum 
 
 necto 
 
 nexi 
 
 vel 
 
 nexui 
 
 
 nexum 
 
 plecto 
 
 plexi 
 
 vel 
 
 plexui 
 
 
 plexum 
 
 lino 
 
 livi 
 
 vel 
 
 levi 
 
 
 litura 
 
 vello 
 
 velli 
 
 vel 
 
 vulsi 
 
 
 vulsum 
 
 salio 
 
 salui 
 
 vel 
 
 saiii 
 
 
 saltum 
 
 tueor 
 
 tutus 
 
 vel 
 
 tuitus sum 
 
 vel fui 
 
 fruor 
 
 fructus 
 
 vel 
 
 fruitus s. 
 
 v. 
 
 f. 
 
 nitor 
 
 nisus 
 
 vel 
 
 nixus s. 
 
 V, 
 
 f . 
 
 ROOT VERBS HAVING TWO SUPINES, 
 
 
 
 Supine 
 
 
 Supine 
 
 Supine 
 
 lavo 
 
 lavi 
 
 lavatum 
 
 vel 
 
 lautum eel 
 
 lotum 
 
 poto 
 
 potavi 
 
 potatum 
 
 vel 
 
 potum 
 
 
 alo 
 
 alui 
 
 alitum 
 
 vel 
 
 altum 
 
 
 misceo 
 
 miscui 
 
 mixtum 
 
 vel 
 
 mistum 
 
 
 pando 
 
 pandi 
 
 pansum 
 
 vel 
 
 passutn 
 
 
 pario 
 
 peperi 
 
 partum 
 
 vel 
 
 paritum 
 
 
 tendo 
 
 tetendi 
 
 tensum 
 
 vel 
 
 tentum 
 
 
 tundo 
 
 tutudi 
 
 tunsum 
 
 vel 
 
 tusum 
 
 
 haurio 
 
 hausi 
 
 haustum 
 
 vel 
 
 hausum 
 
 
 VERBS HAVING TWO PERFECTS AND TWO SUPINES. 
 
 Perfect Perfect Supine Supine Supine 
 
 pinso pinsui vel pinsi pinsum vel pinsituna vel pistum 
 sancio sancivi vel sanxi sanctum vel sancitum 
 
59 
 
 VERBS WHICH CHANGE WHEN COMPOUNDED. 
 
 
 FIRST 
 
 CONJUGATION. 
 
 
 do makes edo 
 
 edidi 
 
 editum 
 
 sto 
 
 cowsto 
 
 cowstiti 
 
 corastatum or itum 
 
 
 SECOND 
 
 CONJUGATION. 
 
 
 arceo 
 
 ererceo 
 
 erercui 
 
 e^ercitum 
 
 egeo 
 
 indigeo 
 
 indigxxi 
 
 
 
 habeo 
 
 mhibeo 
 
 iwhibui 
 
 iwhibitum 
 
 sedeo 
 
 msideo 
 
 insedi 
 
 msessum 
 
 taceo 
 teneo 
 
 cowticeo 
 co?itineo 
 
 conticui 
 cowtinui 
 
 
 coratentum 
 
 fateor 
 
 co?ifiteor 
 
 cowfessus sum vel fui 
 
 
 THIRD 
 
 CONJUGATION. 
 
 
 cando 
 
 mcendo 
 
 iwcendi 
 
 iwcensum 
 
 scando 
 pasco 
 
 ascendo 
 cowpesco 
 
 scendi 
 compescui 
 
 ascensum 
 
 
 carpo 
 
 eaxerpo 
 
 e<rcerpsi 
 
 e#cerptum 
 
 spargo 
 
 aspergo 
 
 aspersi 
 
 aspersum 
 
 fallo 
 
 refello 
 compingo 
 
 refelli 
 compegi 
 
 
 pango 
 
 compactum 
 
 frango 
 
 cowfringo 
 
 cowfregi 
 
 co wfrac turn 
 
 tango . . 
 
 cowtingo 
 
 cowtigi 
 
 cowtactum 
 
 cado . . 
 
 occido 
 
 oceidi 
 
 occasum 
 
 csedo . . 
 
 occido 
 
 oceidi 
 
 occisum 
 
 laedo 
 
 colMdo 
 
 co/lisi 
 
 colli&xxm 
 
 ago . . 
 
 abigo 
 
 aoegi 
 
 aoactum 
 
 lego . . 
 
 coZligo 
 
 co/legi 
 
 coHectum 
 
 rego . . 
 
 corrigo 
 
 correxi 
 
 correctum 
 
 capio . . 
 
 accipio 
 
 accepi 
 
 acceptum 
 
 facio 
 
 cowficio 
 
 corafeci 
 
 cowfectum 
 
 jacio 
 
 cowjicio 
 
 cowjeci 
 
 cowjectum 
 
60 
 
 CHANGEABLE VERBS. 
 
 lacio makes alY\c\o 
 
 allexi 
 
 allectxxm 
 
 specio 
 
 aspicio 
 
 aspexi 
 
 aspectum 
 
 rapio 
 
 corripio 
 
 corripui 
 
 eorreptum 
 
 statuo . . 
 
 corastituo 
 
 eowstitui 
 
 cowstitutum 
 
 gradior 
 
 d^gredior 
 
 a^gressus sum 
 
 vel fui 
 
 patior 
 
 jerpetior 
 
 /?erpessus s. 
 
 v. f. 
 
 emo 
 
 adimo 
 
 ademi 
 
 adfemptum 
 
 premo . . 
 
 compriino 
 
 compressi 
 
 compressum 
 
 cano . . 
 
 ccino 
 
 aecinui 
 
 tfccentum 
 
 qusero . . 
 
 cquiro 
 
 acquisivi 
 
 flcquisitum 
 
 claudo . . 
 
 cemcludo 
 
 cowclusi 
 
 ccmclusum 
 
 quatio . . 
 
 eowcutio 
 
 eowcussi 
 
 cowcussum 
 
 
 FOURTH 
 
 CONJUGATION. 
 
 
 walio . . 
 
 msilio 
 
 msilui 
 
 msultum 
 
 sapio . . 
 
 resipio 
 
 resipui 
 
 
DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 61 
 
 DERIVATIVES. 
 
 DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 FIRST DECLENSION. 
 
 m. ad vena 
 y. antenna 
 f. arista 
 m. auriga 
 f. bellua 
 /. caterva 
 f. coena 
 f. desidia 
 f. favilla 
 /. ferina 
 /. fiducia 
 f. formica 
 
 se 
 
 se 
 se 
 se 
 
 stranger 
 
 sail-yard 
 
 ear of corn 
 
 charioteer 
 
 beast 
 
 band 
 
 supper 
 
 sloth 
 
 ashes 
 
 venison 
 
 confidence 
 
 ant 
 
 from ad 
 
 venio 
 ante-teneo - 
 areo 
 auris 
 bellum 
 quatuor 
 con 
 de-sedeo ' 
 foveo 
 fera 
 fido 
 fero-mica 
 
 From ante and teneo] antenna, a sail-yard, is derived from ante, before, 
 and teneo, to hold, because it holds the sail before the mast. 
 
 From areo] arista is properly that prickly part of the ear of corn called 
 the beard, which, by reason of being dry (whence its name from areo, to 
 be arid), protects the corn in the ear from the birds. 
 
 From auris] from auris, an ear, is derived aurea, a bridle or head-stall, 
 so called because fastened about the ears of the horses j and thence auriga, 
 a charioteer.. 
 
 From bellum] bellua is properly a huge beast, to which nature has given 
 arms of offence, and is derived from bellum, war, because always at war 
 with the rest. 
 
 From quatuor] caterva appears to have been a term of the Gauls, corre- 
 sponding to the phalanx of the Greeks, and the legion of the Romans, and 
 is derived from the French quatre, or the Latin quatuor, four, because 
 forming a square. Thus also, in the English language, the word squadron, 
 for a similar reason, is derived from the Latin quadratics, squared. Ca- 
 terva is also used to express a band of youths, a crowd, &c, as in Virgil. 
 
 From con] i. e. together : coena, a supper, was a set meal, where the 
 family met together. It may also be derived from koivos, common. 
 
 From de and sedeo] i. e. to sit down ; desidia therefore properly signifies 
 inaction of the body. 
 
 From foveo] favilla properly" signifies the hot embers of wood, wherein 
 the fire is, as it were, cherished j whence its name from foveo, to cherish. 
 
 From fero and micai] formica, an ant, is compounded oifero, to bear, 
 and mica, a grain, because it carries grains. 
 
6? 
 
 DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 /. fossa 
 
 se 
 
 ditch from fodio 
 
 /. gratia 
 
 se 
 
 grace 
 
 . . gratus 
 
 f. habena 
 
 se 
 
 rein 
 
 . . habeo-in - 
 
 /. hedera 
 
 se 
 
 ivy 
 
 . . hsereo 
 
 m. incola 
 
 se 
 
 inhabitant 
 
 . . in-colo 
 
 f. inedia 
 
 se 
 
 hunger 
 
 . . in-edo 
 
 f. inertia 
 
 *e 
 
 unskilfulness 
 
 . in-ars, tis 
 
 /". invidia 
 
 se 
 
 envy 
 
 . . in-video 
 
 /'. latebra 
 
 se 
 
 den 
 
 . . lateo 
 
 f. lorica 
 
 se 
 
 mail 
 
 . lorum 
 
 f. nota 
 
 se 
 
 mark 
 
 T . nosco 
 
 /. notitia 
 
 se 
 
 knowledge 
 
 . nosco 
 
 /". noxa 
 
 se 
 
 crime 
 
 f . noceo 
 
 /. noverca 
 
 se 
 
 step- mother 
 
 . novus 
 
 /. opera 
 
 se 
 
 labour 
 
 . opus, eris 
 
 f. pecunia 
 
 se 
 
 money 
 
 . pecu 
 
 f pelta 
 
 se 
 
 buckler 
 
 . pellis 
 
 f. procella 
 
 se 
 
 storm 
 
 . pro-cello 
 
 /. puella 
 
 se 
 
 girl 
 
 . puer 
 
 /. regina 
 
 se 
 
 queen 
 
 , rex, egis 
 
 /. secordia 
 
 se 
 
 sloth 
 
 . sine- cor, dis 
 
 From habeo and in] habena, a rein, is compounded of habeo andm ; i. e. 
 to have in ; probably hence comes a haven, being a place where vessels are, 
 as it were, reined in by cables. 
 
 From hsereo] hedera, ivy, is derived from hcereo, to stick, because it 
 clings to something for support. 
 
 From in and colo] colo, to till, also signifies to inhabit ; whence incola, 
 an inhabitant. 
 
 From in and ars] i. e. without art. 
 
 From in and video] i. e. to look inwardly; to dwell upon, as it were, in 
 the mind. 
 
 From lorum] because at first the ancients made their coats of mail with 
 thongs of raw hides. 
 
 From nosco] nota, a mark, (whence note), is derived from notus, parti- 
 ciple of nosco, to know, and signifies a mark set on any thing in order to 
 its being known again. 
 
 From novus] noverca, a. step-mother, is derived from novus, new; i. e. 
 new mother. 
 
 Fro?n opus] opus is the work itself; opera expresses the act of working, 
 as operation, labour, help, assistance, &c. 
 
 From pecu] because, in ancient times, the coin was stamped with the 
 figure of cattle, as sheep, oxen, &c. 
 
 From pellis] a pelt, i. e. an undressed skin or hide ; because anciently 
 the bucklers were covered with skins or hides. 
 
 From pro and cello] procella, a storm, is derived from pro and cello ; i. e. 
 to strike forth, because it rushes with violence ; the preposition pro, when 
 compounded with verbs, usually signifies forth, as pro-ceed, to go forth. 
 
DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 63 
 
 /. sella 
 
 ae 
 
 chair J 
 
 rum sedeo 
 
 f. semita 
 
 ae 
 
 path 
 
 . semi-iter 
 
 /. solertia 
 
 se 
 
 cunning 
 
 . . solus -ars, tis 
 
 f. sponda 
 
 as 
 
 couch 
 
 . . spondeo 
 
 /. tibia 
 
 ae 
 
 pipe or leg 
 
 . . tubus 
 
 f. tuba 
 
 ae 
 
 trumpet 
 
 . tubus 
 
 /. uva 
 
 ae 
 
 grape 
 
 . uvidus 
 
 /. verecundia 
 
 ae 
 
 modesty 
 
 PLURALS. 
 
 . vereor 
 
 /. bigae 
 
 arum 
 
 chariot 
 
 . . bis-jugum 
 
 f. exequiae 
 
 arum 
 
 funeral rites 
 
 . ex-sequor 
 
 f. exuviae 
 
 arum 
 
 spoils 
 
 . ex-duo 
 
 f. induciae 
 
 arum 
 
 a truce 
 
 . in-duco 
 
 f. insidiae 
 
 arum 
 
 snares 
 
 . in-sedeo 
 
 f. reliquiae 
 
 arum 
 
 remnants 
 
 . re-linquo 
 
 f. repetundae 
 
 arum 
 
 extortion 
 
 . re-peto 
 
 m. africus 
 
 SECOND DECLENSION. 
 
 south-west wind . Africa 
 
 From semi and iter] semita, a path, is compounded of semi, half, and iter, 
 a journey, road, or way, and signifies a narrow path or way. 
 
 From solus and ars] i. e. alone in art. 
 
 From spondeo] the sponda was a couch for married persons, and is de- 
 rived from spondeo, to assure or engage ; whence spouse. 
 
 From uvidus] because full of moisture. 
 
 From bis and jugum] i. e. a chariot drawn by two horses yoked together 5 
 trigee, by three horses ; quadriga, by four. 
 
 From ex and sequor] exequice or exsequice is compounded of ex and se- 
 quor ; i. e. to follow after, and therefore signifies the train of funeral pomp. 
 
 From ex and duo] of ex and duo, to put on, is compounded the verb 
 exuo, to put off ; the d being lost for the sake of euphony, and thence is 
 formed exuviae ; i. e. clothes put, left, or taken off; hence exuviee signifies 
 spoils, booty, pillage, &c. ^ 
 
 From in and duco] inductee, a truce, is derived from induco, to lead in, 
 because, on a cessation of hostilities, there was a mutual leading in of the 
 opposing armies to their respective camps or quarters. 
 
 From in and sedeo] i. e. to lie in wait, to ensnare ; hence insidious. 
 
 From re and peto] repetundce signifies the money unjustly levied on the 
 people by governors of provinces : it is properly a participle, with pecunia 
 understood, and is derived from repetundum, the gerund of repeto ; i. e. 
 to seek or demand again or repeatedly. 
 
 From Africa] the south-west wind blows from Africa, and by reason of 
 passing over the deserts is extremely pernicious in the Mediterranean ; its 
 modern name is sirocco. 
 
64 
 
 DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 m. alumnus 
 
 i 
 
 foster-child from alo 
 
 m. alveus 
 
 i 
 
 channel 
 
 . ab-luo 
 
 m. capillus 
 
 i 
 
 hair of the head 
 
 . caput-pilus 
 
 m. colonus 
 
 i 
 
 husbandman 
 
 . colo 
 
 m. fluvius 
 
 i 
 
 river 
 
 . fluo 
 
 m. fucus 
 
 I 
 
 drone 
 
 . fucus 
 
 m. germanus 
 
 i 
 
 brother 
 
 . germen 
 
 m. juvencus 
 
 i 
 
 a steer 
 
 . juvenis 
 
 m. legatus 
 
 i 
 
 ambassador 
 
 . lego, am 
 
 m. lectus 
 
 i 
 
 bed 
 
 . lego, egi 
 
 m. lucus 
 
 i 
 
 grove 
 
 . lux, ucis 
 
 m. ludus 
 
 i 
 
 play 
 
 . . ludo 
 
 m. natus 
 
 i 
 
 son 
 
 . nascor 
 
 m. nimbus 
 
 i 
 
 storm-cloud 
 
 . . nubes 
 
 m. rogus 
 
 i 
 
 funeral pile 
 
 . . rogo 
 
 m. singultus 
 
 i 
 
 sobbing 
 
 . . sonus-gula - 
 
 m. torus 
 
 i 
 
 couch 
 
 . . torqueo 
 
 m. tumulus 
 
 i 
 
 tomb 
 
 . . tumeo 
 
 m. gener 
 
 eri 
 
 son in law 
 
 * . gigno 
 
 From ab and luo] alveus, is derived from abluo ; i. e. ab and luo, to wash 
 away. 
 
 From fucus] fucus, a drone, or male bee that has no honey, is derived 
 from fucus, paint, because, as it were, disguised or painted -, resembling 
 the industrious bee in its colours only. 
 
 From germen] because brothers and sisters grow like shoots from the 
 stock : hence the cousin-german. 
 
 From juvenis] a steer; i. e. a young bullock. 
 
 From lego] lectus, a bed, is derived from lectus, the participle of lego, to 
 gather ; because, in early times they collected grass and leaves to lie upon. 
 This term was afterwards retained to signify a bed, although, at first, it 
 strictly signified a gathering or collecting the leaves, &c, whereon they 
 were to lie. 
 
 From lux] lucus is properly a sacred grove, and is derived from lux, ucis, 
 light, from the lights therein used on solemn occasions; others have sup- 
 posed the word to be derived by a kind of euphemismus or irony from the 
 absence of light : hence the phrase lucus a non lucendo, which has become 
 proverbial for such derivations. * 
 
 From rogo] because when a dead body was placed on the funeral pile, it 
 was customary to call upon the departed spirit by name. 
 
 From sonus and gula] singultus, a sobbing, is compounded of sonus, a 
 sound, and gula, the gullet, by an hysterical affection of which, sobbing 
 is strictly produced. 
 
 From torqueo] torus is derived from torqueo, to twist j and, properly, 
 signifies any cord made of twisted thongs, grass, &c. ; also, a couch, having 
 the pillars twisted and artificially wrought. 
 
 From tumeo] the tombs of the ancients were heaps of earth raised over 
 the graves, which appeared like swellings of the earth ; and were called 
 tumuli, from tumeo, to swell. 
 
DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 65 
 
 
 PLURAL. 
 
 
 m. liberi 
 
 drum children from liber, adj. 
 
 n. armentum 
 
 l herd 
 
 . aro 
 
 n. arvum 
 
 l field 
 
 . aro 
 
 n. atrium 
 
 l hall 
 
 . ater 
 
 n. aulaeum 
 
 i tapestry 
 
 . aula 
 
 a. biduum 
 
 [ two days 
 
 . bis-dies 
 
 n. cingulum 
 
 i girdle 
 
 . cingo 
 
 n, comitium ; 
 
 assembly 
 
 . con-eo 
 
 n. commissum i 
 
 attempt 
 
 . con-mitto 
 
 n. deliibrum i 
 
 temple 
 
 . de-luo 
 
 n. diluculum 
 
 l break of day 
 
 . dies-lux, ucis 
 
 n. dimidium i 
 
 l half 
 
 . dis-medius 
 
 . excidium i 
 
 l a cutting off 
 
 . ex-scidi 
 
 n. factum i 
 
 deed 
 
 . facio 
 
 n. frustum 
 
 piece 
 
 . fractum 
 
 n. gaudium 
 
 joy 
 
 . . gaudeo 
 
 n. gremium i 
 
 bosom 
 
 . gero 
 
 n. ingenium i 
 
 capacity 
 
 . in-gigno 
 
 From liber] liberi signifies the children of free born persons, and not 
 those of slaves. 
 
 From aro] armentum, a herd, is derived from aro, to plough, and pro- 
 perly signifies a herd of animals proper for ploughing ; it is, however, 
 poetically applied to deer, as in Virgil. 
 
 From ater] the atrium, was properly a kind of hall before the house 
 itself, in which was the kitchen, and was called from ater, black, by rea- 
 son of the smoke. 
 
 From con and mitto] i. e. a thing committed or done ; a misdeed or 
 offence. 
 
 From de and luo] the delubra are said to have been temples having 
 fountains or streams of running water before them, wherein persons 
 washed themselves previously to entering ; whence they had the name 
 delubra, from de and luo, to wash off. 
 
 From dies and lux] diluculum is compounded of dies, a day, and luculum, 
 .diminutive of lux, light ; and signifies a glimmering light, a downing. 
 
 Scidi] perfect of scindo. 
 
 From fractum] frustum, a piece; probably from fractum, supine of 
 frango, to break. 
 
 From gero] gremium is derived from gerendo, the gerund of gero, to 
 carry, and properly signifies the lap ; it is also used to express the 
 bosom. 
 
 From in and gigno] ingenium signifies the nature or quality of a thing 
 or person ; i. e. that which is inherent and born with it. 
 
 G 2 
 
66 
 
 DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 n. initiutn i 
 
 beginning from in-eo 
 
 n. jaculum i 
 
 dart 
 
 . jacio 
 
 //.. jussum i 
 
 command 
 
 . jubeo 
 
 n. mantilium i 
 
 napkin 
 
 . manus-tela 
 
 n. naufragium i 
 
 shipwreck 
 
 . navis-frango 
 
 n. negotium i 
 
 business 
 
 . ne-otium 
 
 n. odium i 
 
 hatred 
 
 . odi 
 
 n. osculum i 
 
 kiss 
 
 . os, oris 
 
 n. ostium i 
 
 mouth of port 
 
 . os, oris 
 
 n. pabulum i 
 
 pasture 
 
 . pasco 
 
 n, periculum i 
 
 danger 
 
 . perior 
 
 n. plau strum i 
 
 a waggon 
 
 . plausum-terra 
 
 n. poculum i 
 
 a cup 
 
 . . poto 
 
 n, pratum 
 
 meadow 
 
 . paro 
 
 n. principium 
 
 l beginning 
 
 . . primus -caput - 
 
 n. rastrum 
 
 i harrow 
 
 . . rado -terra 
 
 n. remigium 
 
 l a rowing 
 
 . . remus-ago 
 
 n. salinum 
 
 i salt cellar 
 
 . . sal 
 
 n. sertum 
 
 i garland 
 
 . . sero, ui 
 
 n. sigillum 
 
 i seal 
 
 . . signum 
 
 n. solium 
 
 i throne 
 
 . . solus 
 
 w. somnium 
 
 i dream 
 
 . . somnus 
 
 n. speculum 
 
 i mirror 
 
 . . specio 
 
 From in and eo] i. e. the entrance into or beginning of any thing* 
 
 From rnanus and tela] i. e. a web or cloth for the hands. 
 
 From /perior] periculum, danger, is derived from perior, to try or essay, 
 and therefore also signifies a trial; hence peril. 
 
 From plausum and terra] plaustrum, a waggon, is compounded of plan- 
 sum, the supine of plaudo, to clap or beat, and terra, the earth, because of 
 the clattering noise occasioned by its jolting. 
 
 From poto] poculum is a contraction of potaculum, a drinking cup, from 
 poto, to drink. 
 
 From paro] pratum, a meadow, is a contraction of paratum, prepared, the 
 particple of pom, to prepare ; because a meadow is already prepared to our 
 hand by nature, and so is opposed to arvum, a field, where the labour of 
 agriculture* is required, and which is therefore derived from aro, to 
 plough. 
 
 From primus and caput] i. e. the chief source, head or beginning : 
 hence also princeps, a prince. 
 
 From rado] rastrum, a harrow, is compounded of rasum, the supine of 
 rado, to shave, and terra, the earth ; because it shaves or smooths the 
 clods of earth after ploughing. 
 
 From solus] solium, a throne, is derived from solus, alone, because for 
 only one person. 
 
DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 67 
 
 n. spiculum 
 
 l dart 
 
 from 
 
 spica 
 
 n. supplicium ] 
 
 punishment 
 
 
 sub-plico - 
 
 n. tectum 
 
 l roof 
 
 . . 
 
 tego 
 
 n. tentorium : 
 
 l tent 
 
 
 tendo 
 
 n. trivium 
 
 l common way 
 
 
 tres-via 
 
 n. vinculum 
 
 l chain 
 
 PLURAL. 
 
 
 vincio 
 
 n. hiberna orum winter quarters 
 
 hiems 
 
 THIRD DECLENSION. 
 
 m.f. amnis i 
 m. biremis i 
 
 s 
 s 
 
 river 
 
 two oared vessel . 
 
 . am- no 
 
 . bis-remus - 
 
 m. crinis 
 
 /. messis i 
 
 IS 
 
 s 
 
 hair 
 harvest 
 
 . cerno 
 . meto 
 
 /. ops i 
 f. securis 
 m. sentis 
 
 >pis 
 
 IS 
 LS 
 
 power 
 
 hatchet 
 
 bramble 
 
 . ops 
 . seco 
 . . sentio 
 
 m. unguis 
 
 IS 
 
 nail 
 
 . . uncus 
 
 /. csedes 
 /. clades 
 /. compages 
 
 IS 
 
 S 
 
 is 
 
 murder 
 slaughter 
 close joining 
 
 . . csedo 
 
 . . con-lsedo - 
 
 . . con-pango 
 
 From sub and plico] from sub and plico is derived supplex, suppliant, 
 or on bended knees, and thence supplicium, because capital punishment 
 was inflicted whilst the criminal was on his knees. 
 
 From tres and via] i. e. a place where three ways meet; hence trivial; 
 i. e. common, unimportant. 
 
 From am and no] amnis, a river, is derived from am, about and no, to 
 swim or flow, because its course is circuitous. 
 
 From bis and remus] a vessel which had two banks of oars; triremis, 
 three, &c. 
 
 From cerno] from cerno, crevi, cretum, which properly signifies to sift 
 or finely separate, is derived crinis, the hair of a woman, so called because 
 separated or divided by bands or fillets. 
 
 From sentio] sentis, a thorn, is derived from sentio, to feel, because of 
 the acute sensation produced by the touch. 
 
 From uncus] because curved or crooked j unguis also signifies the nail 
 or talon of any bird or beast. 
 
 From con and lsedo] clades, slaughter, is derived from collido, a com- 
 pound of con and Icedo, to strike together, of which it is a contraction, being 
 a collision or clashing of arms. 
 
68 
 
 DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 /. indoles 
 
 is 
 
 disposition ft 
 
 ^om in-oleo 
 
 /. labes 
 
 is 
 
 a falling away 
 
 . labor (verb) 
 
 /. proles 
 
 is 
 
 offspring 
 
 . . pro-oleo 
 
 /. soboles 
 
 is 
 
 shoot or offspring 
 
 . . sub -oleo 
 
 f. rupes 
 
 is 
 
 cliff 
 
 . rumpo 
 
 f. trabs 
 
 is 
 
 cross beam 
 
 . trans -via 
 
 m. as 
 
 assis 
 
 a coin 
 
 . *es 
 
 /. aestas 
 
 atis 
 
 summer 
 
 . sestus 
 
 /. setas 
 
 atis 
 
 age 
 
 . . sevum 
 
 /. civitas 
 
 atis 
 
 city- 
 
 . civis 
 
 f. egestas 
 
 atis 
 
 poverty 
 
 . egeo 
 
 f. orbitas 
 
 atis 
 
 destitution 
 
 . orbus 
 
 f. voluntas 
 
 atis 
 
 will , 
 
 . volo 
 
 f. voluptas 
 
 atis 
 
 pleasure 
 
 . volo 
 
 c. infans 
 
 ntis 
 
 infant 
 
 . in -fans - 
 
 m. occidens 
 
 ntis 
 
 west 
 
 . ob-cado 
 
 m. oriens 
 
 ntis 
 
 east 
 
 . orior 
 
 m. tridens 
 
 ntis 
 
 trident 
 
 . tres-dens 
 
 From in and oleo] indoles, disposition, is compounded of in and oleo-evi 
 to grow, and siginifies that innate power and faculty of the soul which 
 shows itself in growing. 
 
 From sub and oleo] i. e. to grow underneath, as a shoot from the bottom 
 of a trunk. 
 
 From rumpo] because broken or cleft. 
 
 From trans and via] trabs is properly a cross beam ; it is derived from 
 trans, over or across, and via, a way, the v of via being mutable to b ; from 
 trans and via comes also the English word to travel. 
 
 From ses] a Roman coin, derived from ces, brass, because at first it was 
 only a rude piece of brass, and not stamped until the reign of Servius 
 Tullius, the sixth king of Rome. 
 
 From sestus] cestas, summer, is derived from cestus, heat ; and cestus, heat, 
 from ustus, hot, the participle of uro, to burn. 
 
 From sevum] eetas, age, is a contraction for cevitas, and is derived from 
 cevum ; eetas more commonly signifies the age of man, and cevum, age in 
 general, an age, and long or endless time. Varro makes the following di- 
 vision of age : puer, a boy, to 15 ; adolescens, a youth, to 30 j juvenis, a 
 young man, to 40 ; senior, a senior, to 60; and senex, an old man, thence 
 to the end of life. 
 
 From in and fans] not speaking ; fans is the present participle of for, to 
 speak. 
 
 From ob and cado] occidens, the west, is compounded of o and cado, to 
 fall, and is so called because the sun sets or falls in the west. 
 
 From orior] oriens, the east, is derived from orior, to rise, because the sun 
 rises in the east. 
 
DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 69 
 
 m. sacerdos 
 
 otis 
 
 priest / 
 
 rom sacer 
 
 /. juventus 
 
 utis 
 
 youth 
 
 . juvenis 
 
 f. senectus 
 
 utis 
 
 old age 
 
 . . senex 
 
 c. ales 
 
 itis 
 
 bird 
 
 . . ala 
 
 m. fomes 
 
 itis 
 
 fuel 
 
 . . foveo 
 
 m. trames 
 
 itis 
 
 cross path 
 
 . . trans-meo 
 
 /. grando 
 
 inis 
 
 hail 
 
 . . granum-unda 
 
 /. libido 
 
 inis 
 
 lust 
 
 . libet 
 
 c. nemo 
 
 inis 
 
 no one 
 
 . ne-homo 
 
 /. testudo 
 
 inis 
 
 tortoise 
 
 . testa 
 
 m. aquilo 
 
 onis 
 
 north wind 
 
 . aquila 
 
 m. latro 
 
 onis 
 
 robber 
 
 . lateo 
 
 /. ratio 
 
 ionis 
 
 reason 
 
 . reor 
 
 . cacumen 
 
 inis 
 
 peak 
 
 . con-acuo 
 
 n. discrimen 
 
 inis 
 
 distinction 
 
 . , dis-cerno 
 
 . flumen 
 
 inis 
 
 river 
 
 . fluo 
 
 n. numen 
 
 inis 
 
 divinity 
 
 , nuo 
 
 n. tegmen 
 
 inis 
 
 covering 
 
 . . tego 
 
 From foveo] fomes, fuel, comes from foveo, to cherish, because the fire 
 is cherished therein. 
 
 From trans and meo] trames, a path, is compounded of trans, over or 
 across, and meo, to go or pass, being properly a crossway or path. 
 
 From granum and unda] grando, hail, is compounded of granum, a 
 grain, and unda, water, as it were, a grain of water, or water granulated. 
 In the composition of words, as in versification, um, final, is lost when 
 the next word begins with a vowel; and letters and syllables are merged 
 for the sake of euphony. 
 
 From ne and homo] i. e. not a man. 
 
 From aquila] from aquila, an eagle, is said to come aquilo, the north 
 wind; the vehemence of its blast being similar to the flight of an eagle. 
 
 From lateo] latro, a robber, is derived from lateo, to lie hid, from their 
 lurking in the dark ; hence latrocinium, theft j whence, by contraction, 
 larceny. 
 
 From reor] ratio is derived from ratus, the participle of reor, to think, 
 and therefore signifies the act of thinking. 
 
 From con and acuo] cacumen, a peak, is compounded of con, together, 
 and acuo, to sharpen, and signifies a pointed top, or sharp ridge. 
 
 From dis and cerno] discrimen, distinction, is compounded of dis, asunder, 
 and cerno, to sift, and properly signifies that which separates or distin- 
 guishes objects; it is also used to express perils or narrow escapes. 
 
 From nuo] Numen, the Divinity, is derived from nuo, to nod, because the 
 ancients supposed that the will of the Deity was signified by a nod. 
 
70 
 
 DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 n, tutamen 
 
 inis 
 
 safety from 
 
 tutus 
 
 n. velamen 
 
 inis 
 
 a veil . , 
 
 velum 
 
 n. vellus 
 
 eris 
 
 fleece . . 
 
 vello 
 
 m. vomer 
 
 eris 
 
 ploughshare . . 
 
 vomo -terra 
 
 m. fragor 
 
 oris 
 
 a crash . . 
 
 frango 
 
 m. pistor 
 
 oris 
 
 a baker . . 
 
 pinso 
 
 m. pudor 
 
 oris 
 
 shame . . 
 
 pudet 
 
 m. sapor 
 
 oris 
 
 taste . . 
 
 sapio 
 
 m. sator 
 
 oris 
 
 a planter . . 
 
 satus 
 
 m. vindemiator 
 
 oris 
 
 vintager . . 
 
 vinum-demo 
 
 m. viator 
 
 oris 
 
 traveller . . 
 
 via 
 
 m. victor 
 
 oris 
 
 conqueror . . 
 
 vinco 
 
 m. aequor 
 
 oris 
 
 sea . . 
 
 sequus 
 
 n. dedecus 
 
 oris 
 
 disgrace . . 
 
 de-decus 
 
 a. facinus 
 
 oris 
 
 exploit . . 
 
 facio 
 
 m. lepus 
 
 oris 
 
 hare . . 
 
 le vis -pes 
 
 n. litus 
 
 oris 
 
 shore . . 
 
 lino 
 
 n. tergus 
 
 oris 
 
 hide . . 
 
 tergum 
 
 n. laquear 
 
 aris 
 
 fretted roof . . 
 
 lacus 
 
 From vello] vellus, fleece, 
 
 is derived from vello, to 
 
 pluck, because, be 
 
 shearing was practised, it was customary to pluck off the wool. 
 
 From vomo and terra] vomer, a ploughshare, is compounded of vomo, to 
 vomit, and terra, earth ; being an instrument which vomits or throws up 
 earth. 
 
 From satus] satus is the participle of the verb sero, sevi, satum, to sow. 
 
 From vinum and demo] vindemiator, a vintager, is compounded of vinum, 
 wine, and demo, to take away, and signifies one who gathers the grape to 
 make wine. 
 
 From sequus] eequor is a poetical term used for the sea, and derived 
 from cequus, equal or even ; it properly signifies any smooth, level, and 
 extended surface, and is equally applied to the land, sea, or sky ; as 
 cequora cozli, the plains of heaven, &c. 
 
 From levis and pes] lepus, a hare, is compounded of levis, light, and pes, 
 a foot, because light-footed. 
 
 From lino] litus, a shore, is said to come from litus, the participle of 
 lino, to daub or mark, because daubed or marked by the froth, sand, weed, 
 &c, deposited there by the sea. 
 
 From lacus] laquear is properly a fretted or carved roof, and is said to be 
 derived from lacus, a lake, because the interstices and cavities grooved 
 therein resemble little lakes. 
 
DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 71 
 
 c. augur 
 
 uris 
 
 soothsayer from avis-gero 
 
 n. fulgur 
 
 uris 
 
 lightning 
 
 . fulgeo 
 
 m. auspex 
 
 icis 
 
 soothsayer 
 
 . avis -specio - 
 
 m. latex 
 
 icis 
 
 liquor 
 
 . lateo 
 
 f. nutrix 
 
 icis 
 
 nurse 
 
 . nutrio 
 
 m. vortex 
 
 icis 
 
 whirlpool 
 
 . verto 
 
 m. dux 
 
 ucis 
 
 leader 
 
 . duco 
 
 /. prex 
 
 ecis 
 
 prayer 
 
 . precor 
 
 /. arx 
 
 rcis 
 
 tower 
 
 arceo 
 
 m. exsul 
 
 is 
 
 an exile 
 
 . ex- solum 
 
 n. vectigal 
 
 is 
 
 tribute 
 
 . veho 
 
 n. funale 
 
 is 
 
 torch 
 
 . funis 
 
 n. monile 
 
 is 
 
 lace 
 
 . munio 
 
 n. prsesepe 
 
 is 
 
 inclosure 
 
 . prse-sepes 
 
 f. merces 
 
 edis 
 
 wages 
 
 . . mereo 
 
 c. obses 
 
 idis 
 
 a hostage 
 
 . . ob-sedeo 
 
 From avis and gero] augur is compounded of avis, a bird, and gero, to 
 carry, because it was the business of the augur to declare the omens ac- 
 cording to the carriage or bearing of birds, as to their flight, feeding, &c. 
 
 From avis and specio] auspex is compounded of avis, a bird, and specio, 
 to inspect, because it was the business of the auspex to declare the omens 
 by observing birds. The situation of augur was for life : the auspex fore- 
 told events only in a transitory way. 
 
 From lateo] latex is properly spring water, and derived from lateo, to lie 
 hid, because hidden in the veins of the earth -, it is also poetically used for 
 wine, as in Virgil. 
 
 From arceo] arx, a tower, or citadel, is said to be derived from arceo, to 
 drive away ; because constructed for repelling the enemy. 
 
 From ex and solum] hence exsul or exul, because out of the soil of his 
 country. 
 
 From veho] vectigal is derived from veho, to carry, or convey, and pro- 
 perly signifies money paid for carriage, as freight, toll, &c. ; also a tax, 
 revenue, &c. 
 
 From funis] because they were made of cords surrounded with wax. 
 
 From munio] from mania, walls, comes munio, to fortify or surround 
 with Walls ; and thence is said to come monile, a lace, because it fortifies 
 or surrounds : monile collo, a necklace ; i. e. monile, a lace, collo for the 
 neck. 
 
 From prse and sepes] because hedged or fenced all round, as a sheepcote. 
 It is also used to signify a bee-hive. 
 
 From ob and sedeo] from ob and sedeo, to sit, comes obsideo, to besiege, 
 literally to sit down before a place ; and thence is derived obses-idis, a 
 hostage, because when the siege of a town was discontinued, it was cus- 
 tomary to give hostages. 
 
72 
 
 DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 
 
 PLURALS. 
 
 
 
 n. brevia 
 
 ium 
 
 shallows 
 
 from 
 
 brevis 
 
 m. maj5res 
 
 urn 
 
 ancestors 
 
 . 
 
 major 
 
 m. minores 
 
 uoa 
 
 posterity- 
 
 
 minor 
 
 m. optimates 
 
 utn 
 
 chief men 
 
 . . 
 
 optimus 
 
 m. proceres 
 
 urn 
 
 nobles 
 
 . . 
 
 pro-cedo - 
 
 f % ambages 
 
 
 
 a winding 
 
 . . 
 
 am -ago 
 
 /. grates 
 
 
 
 thanks 
 
 
 gratus 
 
 FOURTH DECLENSION. 
 
 m. casus 
 
 (is 
 
 misfortune or fall 
 
 . cado 
 
 m. coetus 
 
 us 
 
 assembly 
 
 . con-eo 
 
 m, currus 
 
 us 
 
 chariot 
 
 . curro 
 
 m. cursus 
 
 us 
 
 course 
 
 . curro 
 
 m. exercitus 
 
 us 
 
 army- 
 
 . ex-arceo 
 
 m. fructus 
 
 us 
 
 wave 
 
 . fluo 
 
 m. foetus 
 
 us 
 
 the young 
 
 . feo 
 
 m. gradus 
 
 us 
 
 step or stair 
 
 . gradior 
 
 m. gressus 
 
 us 
 
 step or face 
 
 . gradior 
 
 m. luxus 
 
 us 
 
 luxury 
 
 . luxo 
 
 m. metus 
 
 us 
 
 fear 
 
 . moveo 
 
 m. motus 
 
 us 
 
 motion 
 
 moveo 
 
 m. obtutus 
 
 lis 
 
 gaze 
 
 . ob-tueor 
 
 m. occasus 
 
 us 
 
 fall ; ruin 
 
 . ob-cado - 
 
 From pro and cedo] proceres, the nobles, is derived from pro, before 
 and cedo, to go, because they go before or precede others. 
 
 From am and ago] i. e. to drive about ; ambages therefore signifies in- 
 tricacy; a winding about, a circuitous passage. 
 
 From con and eo] caztus, an assembly, is compounded of con, together, 
 and itum, the supine of eo,to go 5 signifying a coming together. 
 
 From ex and arceo] from ex and arceo is derived exerceo, to exercise, 
 and thence exercitus, a trained or regular army. 
 
 From feo] fcetus is derived from the participle of feo, to be fruitful, and 
 signifies the young of any animal. 
 
 From moveo] metus, fear, is derived from motus, moved, the participle 
 of the verb moveo, to move or excite ; because motion or excitation is pro- 
 perly the quality of fear. 
 
 From ob and cado] occasus is also used to express the setting of the sun. 
 
DERIVATIVE SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 73 
 
 m. partus 
 m. passus 
 m. qusestus 
 m. questus 
 m. saltus 
 m. saltus 
 m. sumptus 
 m. victus 
 m. vultus 
 
 us 
 
 as 
 
 us 
 us 
 us 
 iis 
 us 
 us 
 us 
 
 birth from 
 
 pario 
 
 pace; step 
 
 .' 
 
 pando 
 
 gain 
 
 
 
 qusero - 
 
 complaint 
 
 . 
 
 queror 
 
 leap 
 
 . 
 
 salio 
 
 forest 
 
 . 
 
 salio 
 
 expense 
 
 . . 
 
 sumo 
 
 food 
 
 . 
 
 vivo 
 
 countenance 
 
 , 
 
 volo 
 
 indecl. 
 
 a spit 
 
 verto 
 
 FIFTH DECLENSION. 
 
 /. caesaries 
 
 hair 
 
 csedo 
 
 From qusero] qucestus, gain, is derived from quaro, to seek, and signifies 
 gain obtained by continually searching or seeking. 
 
 From salio] saltus also signifies a retired woody place, where beasts leap 
 and frisk about in security. 
 
 From volo] vultus, a countenance, is derived from the irregular verb 
 volo, vis, vult, &c, to be willing, because it is the index of the will. 
 
 From verto] from verto, to turn, comes veru, a spit 5 an instrument for 
 turning meat at the fire. 
 
 From csedo] ccesaries is, properly, the hair of a man, and is derived from 
 ccedo, to cut, because only men had their hair cut. 
 
74 
 
 DERIVATIVE ADJECTIVES. 
 
 OF THREE TERMINATIONS. 
 
 aereus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 brazen 
 
 from ses, ceris 
 
 aheneus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 brazen 
 
 
 . . ses, ceris 
 
 arnarus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 bitter 
 
 
 . . mare 
 
 arctus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 close 
 
 
 . aroeo 
 
 aridus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 arid 
 
 
 . . areo 
 
 avius 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 pathless 
 
 
 . a-via 
 
 baccatus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 set with 
 
 pearl 
 
 . bacca 
 
 bimus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 two-year 
 
 -old 
 
 . i bis- annus 
 
 calidus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 warm 
 
 
 . caleo 
 
 callidus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 cunning 
 
 
 . . callus 
 
 candidus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 white 
 
 
 . . candeo 
 
 canus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 hoary 
 
 
 candeo 
 
 celsus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 lofty 
 
 
 . . cello 
 
 cruentus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 bloody 
 
 
 . cruor 
 
 cunctus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 all 
 
 
 . con-junctus 
 
 cupidus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 desirous 
 
 
 . cupio 
 
 dccorus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 comely ; 
 
 graceful . 
 
 . decor 
 
 From ses] eereus, brazen, is a contraction of an old adjective eerineus, 
 formed from ces, ceris, brass, and is also written ahenus, the h being inserted 
 for the sake of euphony. 
 
 From mare] amarus, is derived from mare, the sea, because of the bitter- 
 ness of its waters : this is particularly observable in the ocean. 
 
 From arceo] arctus is derived from arceo, to drive away, and strictly 
 signifies strait, close, narrow ; being, as it were, driven or forced within 
 narrow bounds. 
 
 From a and via] avius is compounded of the Greek a, signifying not, 
 and via, a way. 
 
 From callus] callidus is derived from callus, brawn, and strictly signifies 
 any thing which, by long use, becomes callous; i.e. hard as brawn; 
 hence it comes to signify skilful, cunning, or wise, these qualities arising 
 from long experience and exercise. 
 
 From con and junctus] cunctus, all, is a contraction of con, together, and 
 junctus, the participle of the verb jungo, to join, signifying all, combined 
 together. 
 
DERIVATIVE ADJECTIVES. 
 
 75 
 
 1 
 
 una 
 
 eloquent from dis-sero 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 in want 
 
 . . egeo 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 distinguished 
 
 . . e-grex 
 
 a 
 
 una 
 
 lifeless 
 
 . . ex-animus 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 eloquent 
 
 . . for 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 faithful * 
 
 . . fides 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 yellow 
 
 . flamma 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 trusting to 
 
 . . fruor 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 wintry- 
 
 . hiems 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 lowest 
 
 , . infra 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 foolish 
 
 . . in-apto 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 unwilling 
 
 . . in-vito 
 
 
 
 um 
 
 joyful 
 
 . . latus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 witty- 
 
 . . lepor 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 wet 
 
 . madeo 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 least 
 
 . minus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 shining 
 
 . . niteo 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 snowy 
 
 . nix, nivis 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 in the way 
 
 ob-via 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 laden 
 
 . onus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 rich ; fertile 
 
 . ops 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 pale 
 
 . palleo 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 wide-spreading 
 
 . pateo 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 fearful 
 
 . paveo 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 very many 
 
 . plus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 deep 
 
 . pro -fundus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 rapid 
 
 . rapio 
 
 J. - 
 
 from dis 
 
 apart, and sero, to sow 
 
 comes dissero, to ,. 
 
 in order one's words, to dispute ; whence is derived disertus, eloquent, pro- 
 perly applied to one who so arranges his oration as to speak upon the 
 different heads of it consecutively and in order. 
 
 From e and grex] i. e. e grege electus, chosen out of the flock. 
 
 From flamma] flavus, yellow, is derived ixom. flamma, flame, as it were, 
 flame colour. 
 
 From fruor] fretus, trusting to, is said to be derived from fruit us, the 
 participle of fruor, to enjoy, because it is natural to depend on, or give 
 one's self up to that which affords us pleasure. 
 
 From infra] from the preposition infra, beneath, is formed inferior, in- 
 ferior, and inferimus, contracted to infimus, lowest; whence, by contrac- 
 tion, imus, lowest or deepest; all superlatives in Latin terminate in imus. 
 
 From latus] latus, joyful, is derived from latus, wide, because the heart 
 is dilated or expanded when joyful. 
 
76 
 
 DERIVATIVE ADJECTIVES. 
 
 robustus 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 robust from robur 
 
 reus 
 
 a 
 
 urn 
 
 accused 
 
 . res 
 
 salvus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 safe 
 
 . salus 
 
 securus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 secure; careless 
 
 . sine-cura 
 
 torvus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 stem 
 
 . . torqueo 
 
 udus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 moist 
 
 . . uvidus 
 
 velivolus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 navigable . 
 
 . velum -volo - 
 
 venustus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 comely 
 
 . Venus 
 
 vetustus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 old 
 
 . vetus 
 
 vicinus 
 
 a 
 
 um 
 
 neighbouring 
 
 . vicus 
 
 creber 
 
 bra 
 
 brum 
 
 frequent 
 
 PLURAL. 
 
 . cresco 
 
 plerique 
 
 seque aque 
 
 most 
 
 > . plus,wm-qu( 
 
 OF TWO TERMINATIONS. 
 
 eomis 
 
 is 
 
 agreeable 
 
 . . comes 
 
 exanimis 
 
 is 
 
 lifeless 
 
 . . ex-animus 
 
 humilis 
 
 is 
 
 humble 
 
 . . humus 
 
 insignis 
 
 is 
 
 distinguished 
 
 . . signum 
 
 insomnis 
 
 is 
 
 sleepless 
 
 . . in-somnus 
 
 From res] reus, accused* is derived from res, a thing or affair, and is said 
 of such as have their affairs under the judgment or consideration of a 
 tribunal. 
 
 From sine and cura] i. e. literally without care, careless : thus in Virgil, 
 "securus amorum germanae, careless of the affections of his sister." 
 
 From torqueo] torvus, stern, fierce-looking, is derived from tortus, the 
 participle of torqueo, to twist ; being a distortion of the countenance. 
 
 From velum and volo] literally, that may be gone over with sails, navi- 
 gable. 
 
 From cresco] creber, frequent, is derived from crevi, the perfect of cresco, 
 to increase, v being mutable to b. Creber signifies frequent in the sense of 
 increasing, as cether micat crebris ignibus, the sether glares with frequent 
 flashes ; i. e. with flashes on flashes : hence also crebeseo, to increase or 
 multiply. 
 
 From plus and que] plerique is compounded of plus-pluris and que, and: 
 it properly signifies more than the comparative, and less than the super- 
 lative, as, plerique homines, most men, but not all men ; and this significa- 
 tion seems to be borne out by the derivation, through the addition of que, 
 and, to the comparative plus, more. 
 
 From comes] comis is derived from comes, a companion, and signifies 
 sociable, companionable, agreeable. 
 
 From humus] humilis strictly signifies creeping along or near to the 
 ground, as applied to plants and shrubs : it therefore comes to signify 
 lowly, meek, &c. 
 
DERIVATIVE ADJECTIVES. 
 
 77 
 
 solennis 
 
 is 
 
 solemn 
 
 . from 
 
 solus -annus 
 
 utilis 
 
 is 
 
 useful 
 
 . 
 
 utor 
 
 viridis 
 
 is 
 
 green 
 
 . i 
 
 vireo 
 
 virllis 
 
 is 
 
 manly 
 
 
 
 vir 
 
 volucer 
 
 cris 
 
 swift 
 
 
 
 volo 
 
 duplex 
 
 icis 
 
 double 
 
 
 
 duo -plico 
 
 amens 
 
 ntis 
 
 foolish 
 
 . 
 
 a-mens 
 
 demens 
 
 ntis 
 
 mad 
 
 . . 
 
 de-mens 
 
 ingens 
 
 ntis 
 
 mighty 
 
 . .. 
 
 gens 
 
 palans 
 
 ntis 
 
 straggling 
 
 
 palus 
 
 expers 
 
 ntis 
 
 shareless ; 
 
 destitute . 
 
 ex-pars 
 
 dis 
 
 itis 
 
 rich 
 
 ( . 
 
 dives 
 
 locuples 
 
 etis 
 
 wealthy 
 
 . . 
 
 locus-pleo 
 
 prseceps 
 
 cipitis headlong 
 
 prse -caput 
 
 compos 
 
 5tis 
 
 sound 
 
 con-pos 
 
 From solus and annus] because "observed but once a year. 
 
 From duo and plico] duplex is compounded of duo, two, and plico, to 
 fold; i. e. two-fold ; hence also multiplication multiplication, or many folds ; 
 simplex, simple, is compouded of sine and plico ; i. e. without a fold. 
 
 From a and mens] amens, mad, is compounded of the Greek a, signi- 
 fying not, and mens, the mind; i. e. without mind. 
 
 From de and mens] i. e. out of one's mind. 
 
 From gens] from the obsolete verb geno-ui-itum, to beget, is derived 
 gens, a nation. The word gens properly signifies the bulk or extent of the 
 people, and in this general sense is used to express a swarm of bees or 
 shoal of fishes, &c. j whence was formed the adjective ingens, signifying 
 very bulky, very extensive, huge, vast, &c. 
 
 From palus] palans appears originally to have been applied to soldiers, 
 who, when they were sent into the woods to cut stakes for the camp or 
 other works, straggled about. 
 
 From ex and pars] i. e. without part or portion ; shareless, destitute. 
 
 From locus and pleo] locuples, wealthy, is applied to one possessed of 
 lands, and is derived from locus, a place, and pletus, the participle of the 
 verb pleo, to fill; literally, full of places. 
 
 From prae and caput] prceceps, steep, is compounded of pra>, before, and 
 caput, ahead, and literally signifies head foremost; whence prcecipito, to 
 precipitate oneself: caput, when compounded, becomes ceps ; as, biceps, 
 two-headed ; centicevs, hundred-headed ; princeps, the chief head ox prince, 
 &c, &c. 
 
 H 2 
 
78 
 
 DERIVATIVE VERBS. 
 
 FIRST CONJUGATION. 
 
 segroto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to be sick 
 
 crispo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to curl or shake 
 
 flagito 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to ask earnestly 
 
 fugo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to put to flight 
 
 fundo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to found 
 
 glomero 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to encircle 
 
 immolo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to immolate 
 
 impero 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to command 
 
 incuso 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to blame 
 
 insulto 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to bound over 
 
 integro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to renew 
 
 libro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to poise 
 
 lucubro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to study- 
 
 lustro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to survey 
 
 mancipo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to hand over 
 
 ovo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to triumph 
 
 peragro 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to wander 
 
 probo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to approve 
 
 from 
 
 seger 
 
 crispus 
 
 flagro 
 
 fugio 
 
 fundus 
 
 glomus, eris 
 
 mola 
 
 imperium 
 
 in-causa 
 
 in-salio 
 
 integer 
 
 libra 
 
 lux, ucis 
 
 lustrum 
 
 manus 
 
 ovis 
 
 per-ager, gri 
 
 probus 
 
 From crispus] from crispus, crisped or curled, is derived crispo, which 
 literally signifies to cause to curl ; and so is properly applied to a spear, as 
 in Virgil, in the sense of brandishing, or, rather, causing a quivering 
 motion. 
 
 From flagro] flagito signifies to ask or demand clamorously ; to urge to 
 evil. The derivation is obscure, but is supposed to come from flagro, 
 to burn, in the sense of seeking or demanding by aid of inflammatory 
 language. 
 
 From mola] from mola, a mill, or flour, is derived immolo, to immolate; 
 because it was customary to sprinkle the victim with flour and salt before 
 it was sacrificed. 
 
 From in and causa] i. e. to bring cause or accusation against one. 
 
 From integer] i. e. to make whole again. 
 
 From lux] lucubro strictly signifies to study by candle-light. 
 
 From ovis] ovo signifies to rejoice in the lesser triumph; i. e. when a 
 victory was obtained without bloodshed ; and is derived from ovis, because 
 a sheep was sacrificed on the occasion. This verb is chiefly used in the 
 present participle. 
 
DERIVATIVE VERBS. 
 
 79 
 
 -an no 
 
 tento 
 
 tracto 
 
 turbo 
 
 vulgo 
 
 mico 
 
 dimico 
 
 neco 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to wound 
 
 from 
 
 seco 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to try 
 
 . 
 
 teneo 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to treat of 
 
 . . 
 
 traho 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to disturb 
 
 . . 
 
 turba 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to make common . 
 
 vulgus 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to shine 
 
 
 mica 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to fight 
 
 . . 
 
 dis-mico 
 
 avi 
 
 atum 
 
 to kill 
 
 , 
 
 nex 
 
 DEPOXBNTS. 
 
 aemulor 
 
 atus 
 
 sum vel fui 
 
 to rival 
 
 . semulus 
 
 comitor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to accompany 
 
 . . comes, itis 
 
 conor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to endeavour 
 
 , . conus 
 
 criminor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to criminate 
 
 crimen, inis 
 
 cunctor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to delay 
 
 * cunctus 
 
 dignor 
 
 atus 
 
 s, v. f. 
 
 to be worthy 
 
 . dignus 
 
 dominor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to command 
 
 . dominus 
 
 epuior 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to feast 
 
 . epulse 
 
 glorior 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to boast 
 
 . gloria 
 
 irascor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to be angry 
 
 . . ira 
 
 jaculor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to hurl 
 
 . jacio 
 
 From sec< 
 
 >] the derivative of saucio, to wound, is ob 
 
 ?cure ; but it is sup- 
 
 posed to have originated in sectus, the participle of seco, to cut. 
 
 From teneo] tento properly signifies to feel or sound with the hands or 
 feet, as in exploring an unknown place ; and is a frequentative verb, formed 
 from tentum, the supine of teneo, to hold; because there is, necessarily, a 
 frequent holding or trying. Tento, therefore, also signifies to attempt or 
 venture upon. 
 
 From traho] tracto is mostly used in the sense of treating on or handling 
 a subject, and being a frequentative verb from tractum, the supine of traho, 
 to draw, implies the being perfectly master of the subject, so as to draw 
 or present it in every point of view. 
 
 From mica] mico, to shine, is derived from mica, a grain, as of sand, salt, 
 &c. ; because such particles, by reason of their angular shape, glitter on 
 receiving the rays of light. 
 
 From dis and mica] dimico properly signifies to make the sivords glitter in 
 fight ; hence it is used to express fighting, and is compounded of dis and 
 mico, to shine, which, as above, is derived from mica, a grain. 
 
 From conus] there is much obscurity about the derivation of this word : 
 some, however, trace it to the word conus, a cone ; because one who 
 seriously endeavours, concentrates or directs his powers, figuratively, in 
 the shape of a cone, that being the firmest figure that can be constructed. 
 
 From cunctus] the derivation of cunctor is likewise obscure ; but, ac- 
 cording to Festus, this verb primarily signified per cunctaire, to go through 
 all things, which necessarily requiring longer time, the verb came after- 
 wards to signify to tarry, delay, hesitate, &c. 
 
80 
 
 DERIVATIVE VERBS. 
 
 leetor 
 
 atus 
 
 sum vel fui 
 
 to rejoice 
 
 from laetus 
 
 mercor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to purchase 
 
 . merx 
 
 minor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to threaten 
 
 . minse 
 
 miror 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to admire 
 
 . mirus 
 
 modulor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to modulate 
 
 . modus 
 
 moror 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to delay 
 
 . mora 
 
 percontor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to inquire 
 
 * * 
 
 populor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to depopulate 
 
 . populus 
 
 prselior 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to fight 
 
 . prselium 
 
 recordor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to remember 
 
 . re -cor, din 
 
 sector 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to follow 
 
 . sequor 
 
 testor 
 
 atus 
 
 s. v. f. 
 
 to testify 
 
 . testis 
 
 vaticinor 
 
 atus 
 
 S. V. f. 
 
 to prophesy 
 
 . vates 
 
 veneror 
 
 atus 
 
 S. V. f. 
 
 to adore 
 
 . vereor 
 
 SECOND CONJUGATION. 
 
 inhibeo 
 
 inhibui 
 
 inhibitum to hinder 
 
 in habeo - 
 
 prsebeo 
 
 prsebui 
 
 prsebitum to afford or allow . 
 
 prse-habeo. 
 
 obsideo 
 
 obsedi 
 
 obsessum to besiege 
 
 ob-sedeo - 
 
 fleo 
 
 ' flevi 
 
 fletum to weep 
 
 DEPONENT. 
 
 fluo 
 
 misereor miser tus s. v. f. to pity 
 
 NEUTER PASSIVE. 
 
 moereo moestus s. v. f. to be sad 
 
 amarus 
 
 * *] percontor or per cunct or, is of Greek derivation, from/covTo?, a long 
 pole used by sailors for sounding the depth of water, and therefore strictly 
 signifies to sound thoroughly. The verb figuratively signifies to inquire or 
 search into minutely, in much the same sense as the English expression to 
 sound one's thoughts. 
 
 From in and habeo] i. e. to have or hold in ; to prevent or hinder. 
 
 From prse and habeo] i. e. to have or set before j to offer. 
 
 From ob and sedeo] i. e. to sit down before a place. 
 
 From amarus] bitter ; mcereo, signifying the bitterness of woe. 
 
DERIVATIVE VERBS. 
 
 81 
 
 THIRD CONJUGATION. 
 
 annuo 
 
 annui 
 
 
 to grant from ad-nuo 
 
 congruo 
 
 congrui 
 
 
 to agree 
 
 con-grus 
 
 metuo 
 malo 
 
 metui 
 malui 
 
 
 to fear 
 to prefer 
 
 metus 
 magis-volo 
 
 
 
 nolo 
 
 nolui 
 
 
 to be unwilling . 
 
 non-volo 
 
 
 incolo 
 
 incolui 
 
 incultum 
 
 to inhabit 
 
 in-colo 
 
 demo 
 
 dempsi 
 
 demptum 
 
 to take away . 
 
 de-emo 
 
 promo 
 
 prompsi 
 
 -turn 
 
 to draw forth . 
 
 pro-emo 
 
 interimo interemi 
 
 -emptum 
 
 S to take away, ' 
 I or kill 
 
 I inter-emo 
 
 verro 
 
 verri 
 
 versum 
 
 to sweep 
 
 verto 
 
 secerno 
 
 secrevi 
 
 seer e turn 
 
 to separate 
 
 se-cerno 
 
 cogo 
 
 coegi 
 
 coactum 
 
 to compel 
 
 con -ago 
 
 satago 
 
 sategi 
 
 
 
 to be busy 
 
 satis-ago 
 
 intelligo 
 
 intellexi 
 
 -lectum 
 
 to understand . 
 
 inter-lego, gi 
 
 pergo 
 
 perrexi 
 
 -rectum 
 
 to go on 
 
 per-rego 
 
 abdo 
 
 abdidi 
 
 abditum 
 
 to hide 
 
 ab-do 
 
 condo 
 
 condidi 
 
 conditum 
 
 to build 
 
 con- do 
 
 From ad and nuo] i. e. to nod or to give assent ; abnuo, to nod from, or 
 dissent. 
 
 From con and grus] congruo, to agree or suit together, is compounded 
 of con and grus, a crane, because these birds are remarkable for their re- 
 gularity and harmony ; whence congruity. 
 
 From magis and volo] i. e. to be rather unwilling. 
 
 From non and volo] i. e. to be unwilling. 
 
 From inter and emo] interimo is compounded of inter and emo, to take, 
 and therefore strictly signifies to take away; as "interimere vitam, to take 
 away one's life." Plautus. But it is mostly used absolutely to signify to 
 kill, or take off; vitam being understood. 
 
 From verto] because sweeping is the turning up of dust. 
 
 From con and ago] i. e. to drive together. 
 
 From inter andlego, gi] i. e. to choose between ; whence intellect. 
 
 From per and rego] i. e. to direct or guide oneself through. 
 
 From ab and do] i. e. to put away. 
 
 From con and do] i. e. to put together; it therefore signifies to build or 
 found a city ; or to lay up or hoard ; these significations being included in 
 the strict sense of putting together. 
 
82 
 
 DERIVATIVE VERBS. 
 
 dedo 
 
 dedidi 
 
 edo 
 
 edidi 
 
 prodo 
 
 prodidi 
 
 reddo 
 
 reddidi 
 
 trado 
 
 tradidi 
 
 perdo 
 
 perdidi 
 
 occido 
 
 occidi 
 
 occido 
 
 occidi 
 
 deditum to yield from de-do 
 
 editum to give forth . e-do 
 
 proditum to betray . pro-do 
 
 redditum to restore . re-do 
 
 traditum to deliver up . trans -do 
 
 perditum to lose . per- do 
 
 occasum to fall down . ob-cado 
 
 occisum to kill . ob-csedo 
 
 conficio confeci -fectum to accomplish . con-facio 
 
 deficio defeci -fectum to fail . de-facio 
 
 interficio interfeci -fectum to kill . inter- facio - 
 
 prseficio prsefeci -fectum to set over . prse-facio 
 
 absum 
 
 adsum 
 
 desum 
 
 possum 
 
 prsesum 
 
 prosum 
 
 supersum 
 
 interest 
 
 refert 
 
 abfui 
 
 adfui 
 
 defui 
 
 potui 
 
 prsefui 
 
 profui 
 
 superfui 
 
 (impersonal) 
 (impersonal) 
 
 to be absent 
 to be present 
 to be wanting 
 to be able 
 to be over 
 to profit 
 to remain 
 it concerns 
 it concerns 
 
 ab-sum 
 ad-sum 
 de-sum 
 pos-sum 
 prse-sum 
 pro -sum 
 super-sum - 
 inter-sum 
 res-fero 
 
 amitto 
 
 amisi amissum to lose 
 
 a-mitto - 
 
 From de and do] i. e. to give up. 
 
 From e and do] i. e. to give forth ; whence to edit or publish. 
 
 From pro and do] i. e. to give forth. 
 
 From re and do] i. e. to give back. 
 
 From trans and do] i. e. to give or hand over ; whence trade, tradition, 
 traitor, &c. 
 
 From per and do] i. e. to let through ; hence perdition. 
 
 From inter and facio] interficio being compounded of inter and facio, to 
 make, properly signifies to intercept or interrupt ; but it is mostly used in 
 the sense of to slay or kill; facere, to make, being used much in the same 
 way as vulgarly in English, to make away with one. 
 
 From ab and sum] i. e. to be from or away. 
 
 From super and sum] i. e. to be over or above. 
 
 From inter and sum] interest also signifies there is a difference ; in which 
 case itis usually followed by inter. 
 
 From res and fero] i. e. the matter so bears. 
 
 From a and mitto] i. e. to let pass away. 
 
DERIVATIVE VERBS. 
 
 83 
 
 percello 
 fatisco 
 
 perculsi -culsum 
 
 to strike much from per-cello - 
 to gape . fatim-hio - 
 
 DEPONENTS. 
 
 amplector amplexus sum vel fui to embrace 
 proficiscor profectus s. v. f. to go forth 
 ulciscor ultus s. v. f. to revenge 
 vescor to feed 
 
 am-plecto 
 pro-facio 
 ulcus, eris - 
 
 FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
 
 arcesso 
 
 Ivi 
 
 Itum 
 
 to send for 
 
 . ad-cio 
 
 erudio 
 
 ivi 
 
 Itum 
 
 to study- 
 
 . e-rudis 
 
 esurio 
 
 ivi 
 
 Itum 
 
 to be hungry 
 
 . edo 
 
 expedio 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum 
 
 to disentangle 
 
 . ex-pes, dis 
 
 impedio 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum 
 
 to hinder 
 
 . in -pes, dis- 
 
 finio 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum 
 
 to end 
 
 . finis 
 
 gestio 
 
 Tvi 
 
 itum 
 
 to skip 
 
 . gero 
 
 intereo 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum 
 
 to die 
 
 . inter-eo 
 
 pereo 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum 
 
 to perish 
 
 . per-eo 
 
 mollio 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum 
 
 to soften 
 
 . mollis 
 
 punio 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum 
 
 to punish 
 
 . poena 
 
 sepio 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum 
 
 to hedge in 
 
 . sepes 
 
 servio 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum 
 
 to serve 
 
 . servus 
 
 From per and cello] i. e. to strike much, to astonish. 
 
 From fatim and hio] i. e. fatim hisco, I gape much ; hisco is an incep- 
 tive verb from hio, to gape. 
 
 From pro and facio] i. e.to make forth, or, as is commonly said, to make 
 one's way. 
 
 From ulcus] the derivation of uleiscor, to revenge, is obscure ; but it is 
 said to be derived from ulcus, eris, an ulcer, or sore wound : whence this 
 verb, signifying to wound deeply. 
 
 From ad and cio] i. e. to cite to. 
 
 From e and rudis] i. e. to be out of a rude state. 
 
 From edo] esurio, to be hungry, is a desiderative verb, formed from esum, 
 the supine of edo, to eat, by changing um into urio; and therefore strictly 
 signifies to desire to eat. 
 
 From ex and pes] i. e. literally to extricate the feet ; hence to expe- 
 dite. 
 
 From in and pes] i. e. to have the feet in or confined; hence to impede. 
 
 From gero] gestio is a frequentative verb formed from gestum, the su- 
 pine of gero, to carry, and signifies to manifest pleasure by the gestures 
 of the body. 
 
 From inter and eo] i. e. literally to pass away in the midst, to disappear. 
 
 From per and eo] i. e. to pass through or away; whence to perish. 
 
84 
 
 DERIVATIVE VERBS. 
 
 sitio 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum to be thirsty from sitis 
 
 sopio 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum to lull asleep 
 
 sopor 
 
 vestio 
 
 ivi 
 
 itum to clothe 
 
 vestis 
 
 amicio 
 
 amicui 
 
 amictum to wrap 
 
 am-jacio - 
 
 invenio 
 
 inveni 
 
 inventum to find 
 
 DEPONENTS. 
 
 in-venio - 
 
 mentior 
 
 mentitus 
 
 sum vel fui to lie 
 
 mens, tis, 
 
 molior 
 
 molitus 
 
 s. v. f. to pile up 
 
 moles 
 
 morior 
 
 mortuus 
 
 B, v. f. to die^ 
 
 mors 
 
 opperior 
 
 oppertus 
 
 s. v. f. to wait for 
 
 ob-perior 
 
 potior 
 
 potitus 
 
 s. v. f. to enjoy 
 
 pos, otis, 
 
 sortior 
 
 ^ortitus 
 
 s. v. f. to allot 
 
 sors, Us 
 
 From am and jacio] i. e. to cast about one. 
 
 From in and venio] i. e. to come into, to light upon. 
 
 From mens] mentior, to deceive, or tell a lie, is said to come from mens, 
 the mind; because the deception is previously formed in the mind; and 
 therefore mentior signifies to tell an untruth, knowing it to be such ; 
 whereas dicere mendacium, is to tell an untruth, not knowing it to be 
 such. 
 
 From ob and perior] opperior is compounded of ob and the obsolete verb 
 perior, to try, or essay, and signifies to wait on purpose in some place 
 where one expects a person to come in order to meet him, and, in so doing, 
 a kind of trial is implied, the issue of which is uncertain. 
 
 From pos, otis] potior, to enjoy, is derived from pos, potis, powerful, and 
 therefore rather signifies an enjoyment arising from power or possession, 
 as "potitur regno." 
 
85 
 
 PREPOSITIONS. 
 
 
 These govern the Accusative 
 
 case. 
 
 ad 
 
 to; at 
 
 ob 
 
 for ; because of 
 
 adversum 
 
 > against 
 
 penes 
 
 in the power of 
 
 adversus 
 
 per 
 
 by ; through 
 
 ante 
 
 before 
 
 pone 
 
 behind 
 
 apud 
 
 at ; near 
 
 post' 
 
 after ; since 
 
 circa 
 
 * fthnnf 
 
 prseter 
 
 beside ; except 
 
 circum 
 
 a aUUUt 
 
 prope 
 
 nigh ; near to 
 
 cis, citra 
 
 on this side 
 
 propter 
 
 for ; because of 
 
 contra 
 
 against 
 
 secundum 
 
 l according to 
 
 erga 
 
 towards 
 
 secus 
 
 by ; along 
 
 extra 
 
 without 
 
 supra 
 
 above 
 
 infra 
 
 beneath 
 
 trans 
 
 on the farther side 
 
 inter 
 
 between ; among 
 
 versus 
 
 towards 
 
 intra 
 
 within 
 
 ultra 
 
 beyond 
 
 juxta 
 
 beside ; near to 
 
 
 
 
 These govern t? 
 
 e Ablative 
 
 case. 
 
 a, ab, abs 
 
 from ; by 
 
 palam 
 
 in presence of 
 
 absque 
 
 without 
 
 prse 
 
 before 
 
 coram 
 
 before ; in presence of 
 
 pro 
 
 for 
 
 cum 
 
 with 
 
 sine 
 
 without 
 
 de 
 
 of; from 
 
 tenus* 
 
 up to a far as 
 
 e, ex 
 
 of, from ; out of 
 
 
 
 These govern either the Accusative or Ablative case, 
 clam without knowledge of subter beneath 
 
 sub 
 
 in ; into 
 under 
 
 super 
 
 upon 
 
 These are used only in composition, and are called inseparable. 
 
 am 
 con 
 di 
 dis 
 
 round about 
 together 
 
 S asunder 
 
 * Tenus also governs the genitive and accusative. 
 1 
 
 re 
 
 again , 
 
 back 
 
 se 
 
 apart 
 
 
 ve 
 
 very ; 
 
 apart 
 
86 
 
 PARTICLES IN COMMON USE. 
 
 CONJUNCTIONS. 
 
 atque 
 
 aut 
 
 ergo 
 
 et 
 
 etiam. 
 
 nee 
 
 and 
 
 or 
 
 therefore 
 
 and 
 
 also ; even 
 
 nor 
 
 nisi unless 
 
 quam than ; how 
 
 quamvis although 
 
 que and 
 
 vel or 
 
 ut that ; as 
 
 ADVERBS. 
 
 adhuc 
 
 as yet 
 
 bis 
 
 twice 
 
 cito 
 
 quickly 
 
 cominus 
 
 hand to hand 
 
 deinde 
 
 then 
 
 demum 
 
 at length 
 
 diu 
 
 long 
 
 clum 
 
 whilst 
 
 eminus 
 
 at a distance 
 
 hie 
 
 here 
 
 hinc 
 
 here ; hence 
 
 hue 
 
 hither 
 
 interea 
 
 meanwhile 
 
 ita 
 
 thus 
 
 iterum 
 
 again 
 
 jam 
 
 already 
 
 longe 
 
 far 
 
 modo 
 
 only 
 
 mox 
 
 presently 
 
 non 
 
 not 
 
 nondum 
 
 olim 
 
 penitus 
 
 plus 
 
 postea 
 
 procul 
 
 ssepe 
 
 satis 
 
 semper 
 
 sic 
 
 statim 
 
 subito 
 
 tarn 
 
 tandem 
 
 tantum 
 
 turn 
 
 usque 
 
 valde 
 
 not yet 
 
 formerly; hereafter* 
 
 entirely 
 
 more 
 
 afterwards 
 
 far off 
 
 often 
 enough 
 
 always 
 
 so ; thus 
 
 immediately 
 
 suddenly 
 
 so 
 
 at length 
 
 only 
 
 then 
 
 even ; until 
 
 very much 
 
 lo! behold! 
 
 * i. e. at one time or other remote from the present. 
 
APPENDICES. 
 
ADDITIONAL SUBSTANTIVES 
 
 only occasionally met with in the course of reading they are 
 principally names of things formed from the Greek and do 
 not, like the principal Roots, produce derivatives of import- 
 
 m. Abacus, i 
 
 a desk 
 
 n. aenigma, atis 
 
 a riddle 
 
 n. abdomen, inis 
 
 the abdomen 
 
 f. sera, ae 
 
 a period in time 
 
 f. abies, etis 
 
 a fir-tree 
 
 m. agaso, 5nis 
 
 an hostler 
 
 n. abrotanum, i 
 
 southernwood 
 
 m. agon, dnis 
 
 playing for prize 
 
 n. absinthium, i 
 
 wormwood 
 
 n. alabastrum, 
 
 i alabaster 
 
 f academia, ae 
 
 academy 
 
 /. alapa, ae 
 
 a slap 
 
 m. acanthus, i 
 
 herb bears-foot 
 
 /. alauda, ae 
 
 a lark 
 
 m. accipiter, tris 
 
 hawk 
 
 /. alcedo, inis 
 
 kingfisher 
 
 f. acedia, ae 
 
 sloth 
 
 m. aliptes, as 
 
 an anointerf 
 
 n, acer, eris 
 
 a maple -tree 
 
 n. allium, i 
 
 garlic 
 
 /. acerra, ae 
 
 a censer 
 
 /. alnus, i 
 
 an alder-tree 
 
 m. acinaces, is 
 
 a Persian sword 
 
 f aloe, es 
 
 aloes 
 
 m. acinus, i 
 
 a grape-stone 
 
 n. alumen, inis 
 
 alum 
 
 m. acipenser, eris a sturgeon 
 
 /. aluta, ae 
 
 tanned leather 
 
 aconos, i 
 
 wild basil 
 
 f alvus, i 
 
 the belly 
 
 /. acta, p { 
 n. acus, eris 
 
 a pleasant 
 
 strand 
 chaff 
 
 m. amaracus, i 
 m.amaranthus,i 
 
 sweet marjoram 
 ( an unfading 
 \ flower 
 
 f. acus, us 
 
 a needle 
 
 n. amentum, i 
 
 a trap 
 
 n. adagium, i 
 
 a proverb 
 
 m. ames, itis 
 
 a fork for nets 
 
 m. adamas, antis adamant 
 
 /. amita, ae 
 
 an aunt 
 
 c. adeps, ipis 
 
 fat 
 
 f amphora, ae 
 
 ajar 
 
 n. adminiculum, 
 
 i a prop 
 
 /. ampulla, ae 
 
 a cruet 
 
 M. ador,5ris,etSris fine corn* 
 
 f. amussis, is 
 
 a mason's rule 
 
 m. adulter, eri 
 
 an adulterer 
 
 /. amurca, ae 
 
 scum 
 
 m. aedon, onis 
 
 nightingale 
 
 /. amygdala, ae 
 
 an almond 
 
 * Used in sacrifice, t i. e. who a 
 
 nointed wrestlers 
 
 also a surgeon 
 
 i 2 
 
90 
 
 SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 m, anachoreta, se an anchoret 
 
 n. anadema, atis a coronet 
 
 n. anaglypha, \ embossed ves- 
 
 orum J sels 
 
 n. analecta, orum fragments 
 /. anas, atis a duck 
 
 n. anathema, atis a curse 
 /. anatome, es anatomy 
 
 /. argilla, se 
 m. aries, etis 
 m. ariolus, i 
 
 m. annus, i 
 n. aroma, atis 
 
 potters' earth 
 
 a ram 
 
 a soothsayer 
 
 {a shoulder or 
 arm 
 sweet spices 
 
 f. ancile, is 
 n. anethum, i 
 m. angelus, i 
 /. angina, se 
 n. anisum, i 
 /. ansa, se 
 m. anser, eris 
 f. anteris, idis 
 /. antidotus, i 
 
 a sacred shield* 
 herb anise 
 an angel 
 the quinsy 
 aniseed 
 a handle 
 a goose 
 a buttress 
 antidote 
 
 /. antipodes, urn the antipodes 
 
 m. anus, 1 
 /. anus, us 
 m. apella, se 
 f. apinae, arum 
 n. apium, i 
 m. apologus, i 
 m. apostata, se 
 m. apostolus, i 
 f. apotheca, ae 
 f. aranea, se 
 m. arbiter, tri 
 
 a circle 
 
 an old woman 
 
 a jewf 
 
 fooleries 
 
 parsley 
 
 a fable 
 
 an apostate 
 
 an apostle 
 
 a shop 
 
 a spider 
 
 an umpire 
 
 n. archetypum, i an original 
 
 m. architectus, i an architect 
 
 f/ardea, ge a heron 
 
 m. ardelio, onis a busy body 
 
 f. area, se a barn floor 
 
 m. aretalogus, i a boaster 
 
 ^ an earnest 
 
 /.arra,orarrha,8e> 
 
 J ' I penny 
 
 m. arrhabo, 5nis a pawn 
 
 tallow 
 
 a chip -axe 
 
 an ass 
 
 an asp 
 
 a page 
 
 /. arvina, se 
 /. ascia, a3 
 m. asinus, i 
 f. aspis, idis 
 m. assecla, a3 
 m. asser, eris, et 
 
 assis, is 
 n. asylum, i 
 m, athleta, ae 
 m. atomus, i 
 f. aurea, 83 
 n. axioma, atis 
 m. axis, is 
 
 [ a plank 
 
 a sanctuary 
 a wrestler 
 an atom 
 a head-stall 
 an axiom 
 an axletree 
 
 n. baculum, et ^ 
 
 baculus, i / ' 
 m. bajulus, i i 
 f. balsena, se 
 m. balatro, onis 
 /. balista, se 
 n. balsamum, i 
 m. balteus, et \ 
 
 balteum, i ) 
 f. balux, ucis gold dust 
 n. barathrum, i an abyss 
 m. barrus, i an elephant 
 
 a staff 
 
 a labourer 
 a whale 
 a rascal 
 a sling 
 balsam 
 
 i sword-belt 
 
 * Used by the priests of Mars. 
 
 t From a, not, and pellis, skin, because circumcised. 
 
SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 91 
 
 /. basis, is 
 
 a base 
 
 /. byrsa, se 
 
 ox-hide 
 
 n. batillum, i 
 
 a chafing-dish 
 
 f. byssus, i 
 
 linen 
 
 m. beryllus, i 
 
 a beryl 
 
 
 
 /. beta, se 
 
 the herb beet 
 
 m. cacabus, i 
 
 a kettle 
 
 m. bibliop51a, ae 
 
 bookseller 
 
 m. caduceus, i 
 
 Mercury's wand 
 
 f. bibliotheca, a 
 
 ; library 
 
 n. caelum, i 
 
 a graver 
 
 /. biblus, i 
 
 Jan Egyptian 
 I reed * 
 
 m. caestus, us 
 m. calathus, i 
 
 a leathern thongf 
 a basket 
 
 /. bilis, is 
 bilix, icis 
 
 choler 
 mail 
 
 /. caliga, ae 
 
 fa harness for the 
 i leg 
 
 n. bitumen, inis 
 
 bitumen 
 
 m. callis, is 
 
 a footpath 
 
 /. blatta, ae 
 
 a moth 
 
 m. calo, onis 
 
 a soldier's boy 
 
 m. bolus, i 
 
 a lump 
 
 /. calumnia, ae 
 
 a calumny 
 
 m. bombus, i 
 
 abuzz 
 
 m. camelus 
 
 a camel 
 
 m. bombyx, ycis 
 
 a silk-worm 
 
 f. camena, ae 
 
 poetry 
 
 m. boreas, ae 
 
 north wind 
 
 /. campana, ae 
 
 a bell 
 
 
 ( reward of 
 \ wrestling 
 
 c. canalis, is 
 
 a kennel 
 
 n. brabium, i 
 
 w. cancer, cri 
 
 a crab -fish 
 
 f. braccae, arum 
 
 breeches 
 
 f. canna, ae 
 
 a reed, a pipe 
 
 /. bractea, se 
 
 gold foil 
 
 /. cannabis, is 
 
 hemp 
 
 f. branchiee, arum gills of a fish 
 
 m. canon, onis 
 
 a canon, a rule 
 
 ' /. brassica, a3 
 
 cauliflower 
 
 m. cantharus, 
 
 \ a jug 
 
 m. bruchus, i 
 
 a grub 
 
 c. capis, idis 
 
 an earthen pot 
 
 m. bubo, 5nis 
 
 an owl 
 
 n. capistrum, 
 
 i a muzzle 
 
 /. bucca, a? 
 
 f inside of the 
 \ cheek 
 
 m. capo, onis 
 /. capsa, ae 
 
 a capon 
 a coffer 
 
 m. bufo, onis 
 
 a toad 
 
 n. capulum, i 
 
 a haft 
 
 m. bulbus, i 
 
 a scallion 
 
 m. carbasus, i 
 
 fine linen 
 
 /. bulga, ae 
 
 a leather bag 
 
 n. carchesium 
 
 ia cup 
 
 /. bulla, se 
 
 a boss, a seal 
 
 m. carduus, i 
 
 a thistle 
 
 f. buris, is 
 f. bura, se 
 
 \ the plough tail 
 
 /. carex, icis 
 /. caries, iei 
 
 sedge 
 rottenness 
 
 m. buteo, onis 
 
 a buzzard 
 
 m. carrus, i 
 
 a car 
 
 n. butyrum, i 
 
 butter 
 
 /. cartilago, inis a gristle 
 
 /.' buxus, i 
 
 a box -tree 
 
 f, casia, ae 
 
 cinnamon 
 
 * Of the bark 
 
 whereof paper was i 
 
 nade. f Used in wrestliDg. 
 
92 
 
 SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 /. 
 / 
 / 
 / 
 m. 
 m. 
 /. 
 / 
 /. 
 m. 
 n, 
 
 / 
 
 casse, abl. a net 
 
 castor, oris a beaver 
 cataclysmus, i a flood 
 cataphracta, se coat of mail 
 
 {battering en- 
 gine 
 cataracta, se a cataract 
 
 catasta, se 
 cathedra, se 
 catinus, i 
 catulus, i 
 cauda, se 
 caudex, icis 
 cavilla, se 
 caula, se 
 caulis, is 
 caupo, onis 
 cedrus, i 
 cepa, se 
 cerasus, i 
 cerdo, 5nis 
 cerebrum, i 
 
 a cage or stall * 
 
 a pulpit 
 
 a large dish 
 
 a whelp 
 
 a tail 
 
 stem of a tree 
 a scoff 
 a fold 
 a stalk 
 
 an innkeeper 
 a cedar-tree 
 an onion 
 a cherry-tree 
 a cobbler 
 the brain 
 
 in. cestus, us 
 
 ceremonia, se ceremony 
 a marriage- 
 girdle 
 
 /. cetra, se a square target 
 
 m. cetus, i a whale 
 
 m, chalybs, ybis steel 
 n, chaos chaos 
 
 /. chlamysj ydis a cloak 
 m. chelydrus, i a water tortoise 
 /. chelys, yos a lutef 
 f. chiragra, se the hand gout 
 n, chirogra- ^ 
 
 phum.i j ^writing 
 
 m. chirurgus, i a surgeon 
 n. chronica, orum chronicles 
 m, chrysolithos, i a chrysolite 
 f. cicada, se cricket 
 
 n. cicer, eris > a vetch 
 f. ciconia, se a stork 
 
 /", cicuta, se hemlock 
 
 /. cifra, ciphra, se a cipher 
 eyelid 
 woodlouse 
 
 n. cilium, i 
 m. cimex, icis 
 m. cinsedus, i 
 f. cinara, se 
 m. cincinnus, 
 m. cinnus, i 
 
 a catamite 
 an artichoke 
 crisped hair 
 medley 
 
 n. cmnamomum, 1 cinnamon 
 
 m. cippus, 1 
 n. cirrus, i 
 n. cisium, i 
 f. cista, se 
 /. citrus, i 
 m. clathrus, i 
 f. clava, se 
 /. clavis, is 
 m. clavus, i 
 m. clerus, i 
 
 a palisado 
 a curl 
 a chaise 
 a basket 
 a citron- tree 
 a grate 
 a club 
 a key 
 a nail 
 clergy 
 
 f. clitellse, arum a pack- saddle 
 f. cloaca, se a sewer 
 
 c. clunis, is a buttock 
 
 /. cochlea, se a cockle 
 
 fa one-eyed per - 
 
 m. codes, itis 1 
 
 1 v son 
 
 m. colaphus, i a blow 
 
 /. colocasia, se ^Egyptian bean 
 
 m. coluber, bri a snake 
 
 f. colus, i a distaff 
 
 * Where slaves are exposed for sale. 
 From xeXf?, a tortoise, because the first lute was made of tortoigeshell. 
 
SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 m. cometa, se 
 f. comoedia, se 
 n. compitum, i 
 m. congius, i 
 m. contus, i 
 m. cophinus, i 
 f, copula, se 
 n. coralium, i 
 c. corbis, is 
 n. corium, i 
 f. cornix, icis 
 f. cornus, i 
 f. cortina, se 
 m, corvus, i 
 /. corylus, i 
 /. cos, otis 
 f. coturnix, icis 
 f. coxa, se 
 m. crabro, onis 
 /. crapula, se 
 /. crates, is 
 m. cremor, oris 
 
 /. crena, se 
 
 /. crepida, se 
 
 . crepido, inis 
 /. creta, se 
 n. cribrum, i 
 m. crocodilus, i 
 . crotalum, i 
 f. crumena, se 
 f, crusta, se 
 f, crystallus, i 
 m. cucullus, i 
 m. cuculus, i 
 
 a comet 
 a comedy 
 
 a cross-way 
 
 a measure 
 
 a long pole 
 
 a coffin 
 
 a bond or tie 
 
 coral 
 
 a basket 
 
 a hide 
 
 a crow 
 
 a cornel- tree 
 
 a kettle 
 
 a raven 
 
 a hazel-tree 
 
 a whetstone 
 
 a quail 
 the huckle-bone 
 
 a hornet 
 
 a surfeit 
 
 a hurdle 
 
 cream 
 f the notch of 
 i an arrow 
 
 a slipper 
 
 a creek 
 
 chalk 
 
 a sieve 
 
 crocodile 
 
 a cymbal 
 
 a purse 
 
 a crust 
 
 crystal 
 
 a hood 
 
 a cuckoo 
 
 m. cucumer, eris a cucumber 
 
 m. cudo, onis 
 f. culcita, se 
 m. culeus, i 
 m. culex, icis 
 m. culmus, i 
 f. cunse, arum 
 c. cuniculus, i 
 /. cupa, cup- ^ 
 pa, se J 
 
 /. cyclas, adis 
 m. cylindrus, i 
 ft. cymbalum, i 
 c. cytisus, i 
 
 m. daemon, onis 
 m. decalogus, i 
 w. diabolus, i 
 
 n. diadema, atis 
 f. diseta, se 
 m. dialecticus, i 
 m. dialogus, i 
 /. diametros, i 
 f, dica, as 
 f. dipsas, adis 
 n. distichon, i 
 
 n, dogma, atis 
 
 n. dolium, i 
 
 n. duellum, i 
 
 /. ecclesia, se 
 m. echinus, i 
 f. eclipsis, is 
 f. ecloga, se 
 n K electrum, i 
 
 a cap of leather 
 a cushion 
 a leathern bag 
 a gnat 
 the stalk of corn 
 a cradle 
 a rabbit 
 
 [ a drinking-cup 
 
 a mantle 
 a cylinder 
 a cymbal 
 a willow 
 
 a demon 
 
 the decalogue 
 
 the devil 
 
 a crown 
 
 diet 
 
 a logician 
 
 a dialogue 
 
 a diameter 
 an action at law 
 an adder 
 a distich * 
 a maxim 
 a hogshead 
 a battle 
 
 a church 
 an urchin 
 an eclipse 
 an eclogue 
 amber 
 
 * i. e. an epigram of two verses. 
 
94 
 
 SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 /. eleemosy- 
 
 /pity 
 
 f. ethica, se 
 
 j moral philoso- 
 l phy 
 
 na, se 
 
 /. ethice, se 
 
 /. elegia, se 
 
 an elegy 
 
 
 r the etymon of a 
 \ word 
 
 n. elementum, 
 
 i an element 
 
 n. etymon, i 
 
 m. elephantus, i 
 
 an elephant 
 
 n. evangelium, 
 
 i the gospel 
 
 n. elleborum, i 
 
 hellebore 
 
 /. eucharistia, 
 
 se thanksgiving 
 
 n. elogium, i 
 
 a brief saying 
 
 m. eunuchus, i 
 
 a eunuch 
 
 n. elysium, i 
 
 paradise 
 
 /. euphonia, se 
 
 ra pleasant 
 I sound 
 
 n. emblema, atis an emblem 
 
 m, embolus, i 
 
 a spoke 
 
 n. examen, inis a swarm of bees 
 
 n. emplastrum, 
 
 i a plaster 
 
 n. exta, orum 
 
 the bowels 
 
 n. emporium, i 
 
 a market 
 
 
 
 m. empiricus, i 
 
 an empiric 
 
 /. faba, se 
 
 a bean 
 
 n. encomium, i 
 
 commendation 
 
 /. fagus, i 
 
 a beech-tree 
 
 /. endromis, idis a coarse cloak 
 /. eos, gen. ois the morning 
 
 f. fascia, se 
 
 c a swathing- 
 t band 
 
 m. ephebus, i 
 
 a stripling 
 
 n. fascinum, i 
 
 witchcraft 
 
 /. ephemeris, idis a day-book 
 
 m. fascis, is 
 
 a bundle of rods 
 
 n. ephippium, 
 
 l a saddle 
 
 rn. favonius, i 
 
 the west wind 
 
 m. ephorus, i 
 
 ( a chief magis- 
 \ trate 
 
 /. favus, i 
 /. febris, is 
 
 a honey- comt? 
 a fever 
 
 n. epigramma, 
 atis 
 
 \ an epigram 
 
 m. fecialis, is 
 n. fel, fellis 
 
 a herald 
 gall 
 
 m. epilogus, i 
 
 an epilogue 
 
 f. felis, is 
 
 a cat 
 
 m. episcopus, i 
 n. epitaphium, 
 
 a bishop 
 i an epitaph 
 
 n. femen, inis 
 
 rthe inside of 
 \ the thigh 
 
 n. epithalami- 
 
 ^ a wedding- 
 / song 
 
 /. feria, se 
 
 a holiday 
 
 um, i 
 
 /. festuca, se 
 
 a stem 
 
 f. epitoma, se 
 
 an abridgment 
 
 /. fibra, a? 
 
 a fibre 
 
 /. epocha, se 
 
 a date of time 
 
 /. fibula, dd 
 
 a buckle 
 
 n. epos 
 
 a poem 
 
 f. ficus, i 
 
 a fig-tree 
 
 n. ergastulum, 
 f. eriica, ae 
 
 i a workhouse 
 a cankerworm 
 
 /. fidelia, se 
 
 r an earthen 
 \ vessel 
 
 n. ervum, i 
 
 tares 
 
 /. filix, icis 
 
 a fern 
 
 f. esculus, i 
 
 a beech -tree 
 
 /. fimbria, se 
 
 a fringe 
 
 n. essedum, i 
 
 a chariot 
 
 1 m. fimus, i 
 
 dung 
 
SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 95 
 
 m. fiscus, i 
 
 a money-bag 
 
 f. gangrsena, a 
 
 a gangrene 
 
 /. fistiica, ae 
 
 a rammer 
 
 /. gena, se 
 
 the cheek 
 
 f. fistula, ae 
 
 a pipe 
 
 y. genista, se 
 
 broom 
 
 n. flagrum, i 
 
 a scourge 
 
 m. geographus, 
 
 i a geographer 
 
 m. flamen, inis 
 
 a priest 
 
 m. geometra, se 
 
 a geometrician 
 
 m. floccus, i 
 
 a lock of wool 
 
 n. georgica, 
 
 i books of hus. 
 C bandry 
 
 n. fcenus, oris 
 
 usury 
 
 orum 
 
 m. follis, is 
 
 J a pair of bel- 
 l lows 
 
 f. gerras, arum 
 m. gibbus, i 
 
 hurdles 
 hump 
 
 c. forceps, ipis 
 
 a pair of tongs 
 
 m. gigas, antis 
 
 a giant 
 
 /. forfex, icis 
 
 a pair of sbears 
 
 /. gingiva, ae 
 
 the gum* 
 
 m. fori, orum 
 
 batches of a ship 
 
 m, git 
 
 a small seed 
 
 m. fornax, acis 
 
 a furnace 
 
 f. glans, dis 
 
 an acorn 
 
 m. fornix, icis 
 
 a vault 
 
 /. glarea, ae 
 
 gravel 
 
 /. fovea, ae 
 
 a pitfall 
 
 m. glis, iris 
 
 a dormouse 
 
 n. fragum, i 
 
 a strawberry 
 
 /. glossa, 83 
 
 a gloss 
 
 f. framea, a? 
 /. fraxinus, i 
 
 a short spear 
 an ash-tree 
 
 . c the cock of a 
 m. gnomon, onis > 
 
 * dial 
 
 n. frit 
 
 little grain 
 
 n. gossipion, i 
 
 cotton 
 
 m. fritillus, i 
 
 a dice-box 
 
 n. grabatus, i 
 
 a couch 
 
 f. frux,frugis, 
 
 \ fruit 
 
 m. graculus, i 
 
 a jackdaw 
 
 i, em, e 
 
 f. Graecia, ae 
 
 Greece 
 
 /. Mica, ae 
 
 a sea fowl 
 
 f. grammatica, 
 
 ae grammar 
 
 f. fuligo, inis 
 
 soot 
 
 n. graphium, i 
 
 an iron pen 
 
 m. fullo, 5nis 
 
 a fuller 
 
 c. grossus, i 
 
 a green fig 
 
 f. funda, ae 
 
 a sling 
 
 m. grumus, i 
 
 a hillock 
 
 m. fungus, i 
 
 a mushroom 
 
 m. gryps, yphis 
 
 a griffon 
 
 f. furca, a? 
 
 a fork 
 
 n. gummi 
 
 gum 
 
 n. furfur, uris 
 
 bran 
 
 m. guttur, uris 
 
 the throat 
 
 m. f urn us, i 
 
 an oven 
 
 n. gymnasi- 
 
 ra place of ex- 
 1 ercise 
 
 f. fuscina, ae 
 
 an eel-spear 
 
 um, i 
 
 m. fustis, is 
 
 a club 
 
 n. gypsum, i 
 
 plaster 4 
 
 m. fusus, i 
 
 a spindle 
 
 m. gyrus, i 
 
 a circuit 
 
 * wherein the teeth are set. 
 
96 
 
 SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 halex, ecis 
 hallux, ucis 
 halo, 5nis 
 hara, se 
 hariolus, i 
 harmonia, se 
 harpago, 
 onis 
 
 a herring 
 
 the great toe 
 
 a circle * 
 
 hog-sty 
 
 a soothsayer 
 
 harmony 
 
 m. 
 m. 
 
 /. 
 
 hepar, atis 
 herma, se 
 
 hernia, se 
 
 herus, i 
 hesperus, i 
 hilum, i 
 
 hinnus, i 
 hircus, i 
 hirudo, inis 
 
 * \ a glutton 
 
 { 
 
 }a grappling- 
 hook 
 
 harpy ise, arum harpies 
 haruga, se a sacrifice 
 
 hebdomas, adis a week 
 helix, icis creeping ivy 
 
 helleborum, i hellebore 
 helluo, heluo, 
 onis 
 
 the liver 
 a statue of Mer- 
 cury 
 a rupture f 
 
 {the master of a 
 family 
 the evening star 
 
 {the black of a 
 bean 
 a nag 
 a he-goat 
 a horse -leech 
 hirundo, inis a swallow 
 histrio, onis a stage-player 
 histrix, icis a porcupine 
 holocaustum, i a burnt offering 
 hordeum, i barley 
 horizon, ontis the horizon 
 horreum, i a barn 
 
 m. hyacinthus, i 
 f. hyades, um 
 /. hydra, se 
 /. hydria, se 
 m. hydrops, 5pis 
 m. Hymen, enis 
 m. hymnus, i 
 n. hypocaustum, 
 f. hypocrisis, is 
 m. hyss5pus, i 
 
 a hyacinth 
 seven stars 
 a water serpent 
 a water bucket 
 the dropsy 
 god of marriage 
 a hymn 
 i a stew 
 hypocrisy 
 hyssop 
 
 f. idea, se 
 n. ididma, atis 
 n. idolum, i 
 n. jecur, oris 
 n. ilia, ium 
 f. infula, se 
 n. inguen, inis 
 n. instar 
 
 m. interpres, etis 
 /. iris, idis 
 m. isthmus, i 
 n. jubar, aris 
 m. j uncus, i 
 f. juniperus, i 
 n. jus, uris 
 
 an idea 
 an idiom 
 an idol 
 the liver 
 guts 
 
 a turban 
 the groin 
 likeness 
 an interpreter 
 the rainbow 
 a neck of land 
 the sun's beam 
 a bulrush 
 the juniper- tree 
 pottage 
 
 f. labrusca, se wild vine 
 m. labyrinthus, i a labyrinth 
 
 /. lacerna, se 
 m. lachanum, i 
 
 /. lacinia, se 
 /. lactuca, se 
 
 a cloak 
 
 pot-herbs 
 rthe hem of a 
 \ garment 
 
 lettuce 
 
 * about the sun or moon. 
 
 t i. e. the disease so called. 
 
SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 97 
 
 f. lagena, a? 
 
 a flagon 
 
 /. ligo, onis 
 
 a mattock 
 
 f. lama, se 
 
 a dirty puddle 
 
 n. ligustrura, i 
 
 privet 
 
 n. lamentum, i 
 
 a lamentation 
 
 n, lilium, i 
 
 a lily 
 
 f. lamia, a3 
 
 a witch 
 
 /. lima, se 
 
 a file 
 
 f. lamina, se 
 
 a plate of metal 
 
 f. limax, acis 
 
 a snail 
 
 f. lam pas, adis 
 
 a lamp 
 
 m. limbus, i 
 
 a selvage 
 
 f. lancea, a3 
 
 a lance 
 
 c. linter, tris 
 
 a wherry 
 
 m. lanista, se 
 
 J a fencing mas- 
 l ter 
 
 n. linum, i 
 
 flax 
 
 
 /. lira, se 
 
 a ridge 
 
 m. lanius, i 
 
 a butcher 
 
 m. lituus, i 
 
 a clarion 
 
 f. lanx, cis 
 
 a broad plate 
 
 f. lix, icis 
 
 liquor 
 
 m. laqueus, i 
 
 a noose 
 
 /. locusta, se 
 
 a locust 
 
 n. lardum, i 
 /. larix, icis 
 
 bacon 
 
 the larch -tree 
 
 f. logica, se 
 /. logice, es 
 
 | logic 
 
 f. larva, se 
 
 a mask 
 
 n. lolium, i 
 
 darnel 
 
 f. larynx, ngis 
 
 ( the top of the 
 I wind-pipe 
 
 /. lotos, or lo- 
 tus, i 
 
 ! the lote-tree 
 
 n. lasanum, i 
 
 a chamber-pot 
 
 f. lucerna, se 
 
 a candle 
 
 m. later, eris 
 
 a brick 
 
 /. lues, is 
 
 pestilence 
 
 n. Latium, i 
 
 Latium 
 
 m. lumbus, i 
 
 the loin 
 
 m. latomus, i 
 
 a stone cutter 
 
 m. lurco, onis 
 
 a glutton 
 
 /. latria, se 
 
 worship 
 
 /. luscinia, se 
 
 a nightingale 
 
 m. lebes, etis a caldron 
 n. legiimen, inis pulse 
 
 n. luteum, i 
 
 f the yolk of an 
 ^ egg 
 
 m. lembus, i 
 
 a fisher-boat 
 
 c. lynx, ncis 
 
 a lynx 
 
 m. lemures, una 
 
 hobgoblins 
 
 /. lyra, se 
 
 a lyre 
 
 m. leno, onis 
 
 a pimp 
 
 
 
 m. lens, dis 
 
 a nit 
 
 *. macellum, i 
 
 a market 
 
 f. lens, tis 
 /. lepra, se 
 
 lentiles 
 the leprosy 
 
 f. maceria, se 
 
 f any wall inclos- 
 \ ing grounds 
 
 m. lethargus, i 
 
 a lethargy 
 
 m. magnes, etis 
 
 a loadstone 
 
 m. levir, iri 
 
 ra brother -in - 
 \ law 
 
 m. magus, i 
 f. mala, se 
 
 a magician 
 rthe ball of the 
 \ cheek 
 
 n. lexicon, i 
 
 a dictionary 
 
 n. licium, i 
 
 the woof 
 
 /. malacia, se 
 
 stillness 
 
 m. lictor, 5ris 
 
 a lictor 
 
 m. nctalleus, i 
 
 a hammer 
 
 m. lien, enis 
 
 the milt 
 
 /. malva, se 
 
 mallows 
 
98 
 
 SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 n. mane 
 
 morning 
 
 m. mimus, i 
 
 a mimic 
 
 m. manes, ium 
 
 J the souls of the 
 V dead 
 
 /. Minerva, se 
 
 \ the goddess of 
 ' wisdom 
 
 c. mango, onis 
 
 (a slave mer- 
 i. chant 
 
 n. minium, i red lead 
 
 m. mirmillo, onis a sword- player 
 
 m. mannus, i 
 
 a nag 
 
 f. mitra, se 
 
 a mitre 
 
 /. mantica, se 
 
 portmanteau 
 
 m. modius, i 
 
 a bushel 
 
 /. mappa, se 
 
 a table napkin 
 
 f. monas, adis 
 
 a unit 
 
 /. margarita, se a pearl 
 
 f. moneta, se 
 
 money 
 
 /. marra, se 
 m. Mars, tis 
 
 a mattock 
 the god of war 
 
 m.monoceros, 
 otis 
 
 I a unicorn 
 
 n. marsupium, 
 
 i a pouch 
 
 n. monopolium 
 
 , i a monopoly 
 
 m. martyr, yris 
 
 a martyr 
 
 n. mortarium, 
 
 i a mortar 
 
 m. mas, maris 
 
 the male 
 
 f. morus, i 
 
 a mulberry -tree 
 
 f. massa, se 
 
 a lump 
 
 m. macro, 5nis 
 
 a sword 
 
 f. matara, se 
 
 a Gallic javelin 
 
 m. mucus, i 
 
 snot 
 
 f. matta, se 
 
 a mat 
 
 m. mugil, is 
 
 a mullet-fish 
 
 / matula, se 
 
 a chamber-pot 
 
 f. mulcta, or 
 
 ' a fine 
 
 /. Matuta, se 
 
 (goddess of the 
 * morning 
 
 multa, se 
 m. mulus, i 
 
 a mule 
 
 f. maza, se 
 
 flummery 
 
 f. musca, se 
 
 a fly 
 
 n. mausoleum 
 
 i a tomb 
 
 m. mucus, i 
 
 moss 
 
 /. medulla, se 
 
 marrow 
 
 f. myrica, se 
 
 a tamarisk 
 
 m. melo, 5nis 
 
 a melon 
 
 f. myrrha. se 
 
 myrrh 
 
 /i, melos 
 
 melody 
 
 f. myrtus, i 
 
 a myrtle-tree 
 
 f. menda, se 
 m. mendicus, i 
 
 a blemish 
 a beggar 
 
 m. mystes, or 
 mysta, se 
 
 ; a priest 
 
 f. merda, se 
 
 ordure 
 
 
 
 /. merga, se 
 
 a pitchfork 
 
 m t nsevus, i 
 
 a mole 
 
 n. metallum, i 
 
 metal 
 
 m. nanus, i 
 
 a dwarf 
 
 f. metamorphS- 
 sis, is 
 
 ^ a metamorpho- 
 J sis 
 
 m. napus, i 
 f. naris, is 
 
 a turnip 
 the nostri 
 
 n. milium, i 
 
 millet seed 
 
 f. nassa, se 
 
 a weel net 
 
 m. milvus, or 
 milvius 
 
 > a kite 
 
 m.n. nasus, or 
 nasum, i 
 
 V the nose 
 
 * i. e. a mark on the body. 
 
SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 99 
 
 f. nates, is 
 
 a buttock 
 
 m. nauci, gen. 
 
 a nut-shell 
 
 f. nausea, se 
 
 sea sickness 
 
 m. nebulo, onis 
 
 f an idle scoun- 
 * drel 
 
 f. nenia, ornse- 
 
 \ a funeral song 
 * 
 
 nia, se 
 
 
 f. nicotiana, se 
 
 tobacco 
 
 m. nidor, oris 
 
 savour 
 
 n. nitrum, i 
 
 nitre 
 
 m. nothus, i 
 
 a bastard > 
 
 f. nugse, arum 
 
 trifles 
 
 /. nurus, us 
 
 t a daughter-in- 
 \ law 
 
 m. obelus, i 
 
 a spit 
 
 m. obolus, i 
 
 i an Athenian 
 ' coin 
 
 /. ocrea, se 
 
 a boot 
 
 /. oda, se 
 
 an ode 
 
 /. offa, se 
 
 a morsel 
 
 /. olla, se 
 
 a pot 
 
 m. olor, 5ris 
 
 a swan 
 
 n. olus, eris 
 
 f garden or pot 
 ' herbs 
 
 /. olympias, adis an olympiad 
 
 m. Olympus, i 
 
 heaven 
 
 n. omasum, i 
 
 i the paunch, a 
 ' fat tripe 
 
 n. opsonium, i 
 
 victuals 
 
 n, organum, i 
 
 I any instru- 
 * ment 
 
 n. orichalchum 
 
 , i fine brass 
 
 f. ornus, i 
 
 a wild ash 
 
 /. ostrea, se 
 
 an oyster 
 
 > a riding. 
 
 coat 
 
 m. psean, anis a song of praise 
 m. psedag5gus, i a tutor 
 m. psedor, oris slovenliness 
 /. psenula, or) 
 
 penula, 
 f. pala, se a shovel 
 
 /. pahestra, . ( a wrestlin S 
 * school 
 
 n. palatium, i a palace 
 
 n. palatum, i the palate 
 
 f. palea, se chaff or straw 
 
 n. paiimpseston, i a slate book 
 
 f. paliurus, i white thorn 
 
 n. pallium, i a cloak 
 
 /. palpebra, se the eyelid 
 
 m.paluda,5rum{ militar y stand " 
 ^ ards 
 
 m. pampinus, i shoot of a vine 
 
 m. pannus, i clothing 
 
 c. panthera, se a panther 
 
 m. papaver, eris poppy 
 
 m.f. papilio, onis a butterfly 
 
 f. papula, se a pimple 
 
 f. papyrus, i 
 
 y, parabola, se 
 
 f. paradisus, i 
 
 m. parasitus, i 
 
 c. passer, eris 
 
 f. patina, se 
 
 c. pavo, onis 
 
 f. pausa, se 
 
 f. pelvis, is 
 
 f. penuria, se 
 
 c. n. peplus,i, 
 
 or um, i 
 
 paper 
 a parable 
 paradise 
 a flatterer 
 a sparrow 
 a pan 
 a peacock 
 a pause 
 a basin 
 want, scarcity 
 
 > a robe * 
 
 * worn by goddesses. 
 
100 
 
 SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 f. pera, se 
 
 a scrip 
 
 f. piscis, is 
 
 a fish 
 
 f. perca, 33 
 
 a perch 
 
 n. pisum, i 
 
 a pea 
 
 c. perdix, icis 
 
 a partridge 
 
 /. pituita, se 
 
 phlegm 
 
 f. periscelis, 
 idis 
 
 J a sort of 
 I breeches 
 
 f. placenta, ae 
 n. plagium, i 
 
 a cake 
 manstealing 
 
 /. perna, se 
 
 Ta gammon of 
 ^ bacOn 
 
 /. platanus, i 
 
 a plane-tree 
 
 
 f. platea, se 
 
 a broad street 
 
 f. pero, onis 
 c. persona, se 
 
 a sort of shoe 
 a person 
 
 n. plectrum, i 
 
 J a bow or 
 I quill * 
 
 f. pertica, se 
 m. pessulus, i 
 
 c a measuring 
 | staff 
 a bar 
 
 /".^leiades, um 
 m. plinthus, i 
 
 seven stars 
 J the base of a 
 I pillar 
 
 m. petaso, onis 
 m. petasus, i 
 
 a leg of pork 
 a broad hat 
 
 m. pluteus, i 
 
 ra press for 
 \ books 
 
 f. petra, se 
 
 a rock 
 
 f. podagra, se 
 
 the gout 
 
 f. phalanx, ngis a squadron 
 
 m. poeta, se 
 
 a poet 
 
 /. phalerse, arum trappings 
 
 f. polenta, se 
 
 malt 
 
 f. pharetra, se 
 
 a quiver 
 
 n. pollen, inis 
 
 fine flour 
 
 n. pharmacum 
 
 , i a drug 
 
 f. pompa, se 
 
 pomp 
 
 c. phaselus, i 
 f. phiala, se 
 
 a galley 
 a vial 
 
 m. popa, se 
 
 r a butcher 
 \ priest f 
 
 m. philosophus, i a philosopher 
 n. philtra, 5rum love- charms 
 
 m. poples, itis 
 
 /-the ham of the 
 I leg 
 
 c. phoca, se 
 
 a sea-calf 
 
 m. porcus, i 
 
 a pig 
 
 m. Phoebus, i 
 
 the sun 
 
 n. porrum, i 
 
 a leek 
 
 /. physis, eos 
 
 nature 
 
 m. porus, i 
 
 a pore 
 
 /. pica, se 
 
 a magpie 
 
 m. postis, is 
 
 a doorpost 
 
 m. picus, i 
 
 a woodpecker 
 
 m. prseco, onis 
 
 a common crier 
 
 f. pila, se 
 
 a square pillar 
 
 n. prsedium, i 
 
 a farm 
 
 m. pileus, i 
 
 a cap 
 
 m. prses, dis 
 
 a surety 
 
 n. pilum, i 
 m. pincerna, se 
 
 a javelin 
 
 a cup-bearer 
 
 f. prsestigise, 
 arum 
 
 \ juggling tricks 
 
 f. pinna, se 
 
 a pinion 
 
 m. prsetor, oris 
 
 a judge 
 
 n. piper, eris 
 
 pepper 
 
 m. presbyter, eri an elder 
 
 m. pirata, se 
 
 a pirate 
 
 m. privignus, i 
 
 a son-in-law 
 
 * wherewith to play on an instrument. | i- who slew tne sacrifice 
 
SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 101 
 
 /. proboscis, 
 
 ^v an elephant's 
 / trunk 
 
 m. raphanus, i 
 
 a radish 
 
 idis 
 
 f. religio, 5nis 
 
 religion 
 
 m. prologus, i 
 
 a prologue 
 
 m. jen, enis 
 
 the reins 
 
 n. prooemium, 
 
 i a preface', 
 
 f. resina, se 
 
 rosin - 
 
 m. propheta, 8e 
 
 a prophet 
 
 f. restis, is 
 
 a rope 
 
 m. propola, ae 
 
 a huckster 
 
 m, rhamnus, i 
 
 buckthorn 
 
 f. prosodia, ae 
 
 prosody 
 
 f. rheda, ee 
 
 a cart 
 
 /. pruina, ae 
 
 hoar frost 
 
 m. rhetor, oris 
 
 a rhetorician 
 
 /. pruna, ae 
 
 live coal 
 
 n. rheuma, atis 
 
 rheum 
 
 f. prunus, i 
 
 a plum-tree 
 
 /. rhina, se 
 
 skate-fish 
 
 c. psittacus, i 
 
 a parrot 
 
 m. rhythmus, i 
 
 rhyme 
 
 f. ptisana, ae 
 
 ptisan 
 
 /l rixa, se 
 
 a quarrel 
 
 m. pulex, icis 
 
 a flea 
 
 m. rubus, i 
 
 a bramble 
 
 m. pullus, i 
 
 any young 
 
 /". rudis, is 
 
 a wand 
 
 m. pulmo, onis 
 
 the lungs 
 
 n. rudus, eris 
 
 rubbish 
 
 /. pulpa, ae 
 
 pulp 
 
 f. runcina, se 
 
 a saw or plane 
 
 n. pulpitum, i 
 f. puis, tis 
 
 a pulpit 
 water-gruel 
 
 m. ruscus, i 
 
 r butchers - 
 \ broom 
 
 n. pulvinar aris a bolster 
 
 f. ruta, dd 
 
 the herb rue 
 
 c. pumex, icis 
 m. pupus, i 
 
 n. pus, uris 
 m. pusus, i 
 
 a pumice-stone 
 a puppet 
 putrid matter 
 a child 
 
 n. sabbatum, i 
 n. sabulum, i 
 f. saburra, se 
 
 the sabbath 
 small sand 
 ballast 
 
 m. puteus, i 
 
 a draw-well 
 
 n. saccbarum, i 
 
 7 
 
 sugar 
 
 /. pyra, ae 
 
 a funeral pile 
 
 /. sagina, ae 
 
 stuffing 
 
 /. pyramis, idis 
 m. pyropus, i 
 /. pyrus, i 
 f. pyxis, idis 
 m qualus, i 
 /. quisquiliee, 
 arum 
 
 a pyramid 
 an opal 
 a pear-tree 
 a gallipot 
 a twig basket 
 
 \ sweepings 
 
 n. sagura, i 
 
 f. salebra, ae 
 f. saliva, ae 
 f. saliunca, ae 
 m. salmo, onis 
 n. salum, i 
 
 r a soldier's 
 \ cloak 
 
 a rugged way 
 
 spittle 
 
 lavender 
 
 a salmon 
 
 the sea 
 
 
 
 /. sambuca, ae 
 
 a dulcimer 
 
 m. rabula, se 
 
 a wrangler 
 
 f. sambucus, i 
 
 an alder- tree 
 
 m. ramex, icis 
 
 a rupture 
 
 n. sandalium, i 
 
 a sandal 
 
 /. rana, se 
 
 a frog 
 
 /. sanies, ei 
 
 putrid blood 
 
 /. rapa, se 
 
 a turnip 
 
 /. sanna, ae a scoff 
 K 2 
 
102 
 
 SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 m. sapo, onis 
 
 soap 
 
 n. scruta, 5rum lumber 
 
 f. sapphrus, i 
 
 a sapphire 
 
 m. scurra, se 
 
 a buffoon 
 
 f. sarcina, se 
 
 a truss 
 
 /. scutica, se 
 
 a whip 
 
 f. sardonyx, ychis a sardonyx 
 
 m. scyphus, i 
 
 a bowl 
 
 f. sarissa, se 
 
 a long spear 
 
 n. secale, is 
 
 rye 
 
 n. sarracum, i 
 
 a waggon 
 
 f. sentina, se 
 
 a sink or drain 
 
 f. sartago, inis 
 
 a frying-pan 
 
 f. sera, se 
 
 a lock 
 
 m. satelles, itis 
 
 / a lifeguard- 
 ^ man 
 
 m. sericum, i 
 /. serra, se 
 
 silk 
 a saw 
 
 m. satrapa, se 
 
 a viceroy 
 
 m. serum, i 
 
 whey 
 
 /. satyra, sati- 
 ra, se 
 
 f a satire 
 
 m. sevum, se- 
 bum, i 
 
 \ suet 
 
 m. satyrus, i 
 
 a satyr 
 
 m. sexus, us 
 
 the sex 
 
 f. scala, se 
 
 a ladder 
 
 /. sibylla, se 
 
 a sibyl 
 
 n. scamnum, i 
 
 a bench 
 
 /. sica, se 
 
 a dagger 
 
 n. scaphium, i 
 
 a chamber-pot 
 
 n. siler, eris 
 
 an osier 
 
 f. scapula, se 
 
 ^ the shoulder 
 \ blade 
 
 f. siligo, inis 
 /. siliqua, se 
 
 a kind of corn 
 a husk 
 
 m. scarus, i 
 
 the scare fish 
 
 f. simila, se 
 
 flour 
 
 f. scheda, se 
 
 a scroll 
 
 n. sinapi, 
 
 mustard 
 
 m. scipio, onis 
 
 a walking, staff 
 
 f, sindon, onis 
 
 fine linen 
 
 m. scirpus, i 
 
 a bulrush 
 
 f. sipho, 5nis 
 
 a syringe 
 
 n % serpyllum, i 
 
 wild thyme 
 
 f. siren, enis 
 
 a siren 
 
 m. sciurus, i 
 
 a squirrel 
 
 m. Sirius, i 
 
 the dog- star 
 
 m. scobs, obis 
 
 filings 
 
 n. sistrum, i 
 
 a timbrel 
 
 n. sccenum, i 
 
 mire 
 
 m. soccus, i 
 
 a sort of shoe* 
 
 f. scop se, arum 
 
 a broom 
 
 m. socer, eri 
 
 a father-in-law 
 
 /-a mark to 
 m. scopus, i | shootat 
 
 m. scorpio, onis^ 
 
 scorpius.i } " scorpion 
 
 c. sodalis, is 
 m, sophos, so 
 
 phus*, i 
 m. sorex, icis 
 
 a companion 
 
 > a wise man 
 a rat 
 
 f. scortum, i 
 
 a whore 
 
 m. spado, onis 
 
 an eunuch 
 
 n. scrinium, i 
 
 a casket 
 
 m. sparus, i 
 
 a small dart 
 
 f. scrobs, obis 
 
 a ditch 
 
 f. sphsera, se 
 
 a sphere 
 
 m. scrupus, i 
 
 a sharp stone 
 
 m. spinther, eris a buckle 
 
 
 * worn by 
 
 comedians. 
 
 
SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 103 
 
 /. spira, se 
 m. splen, enis 
 f. spongia, 83 
 f. sporta, se 
 f. squilla, ae 
 n. stadium, i 
 n. stamen, inis 
 n. stannum, i 
 
 /. statera, 83 
 
 a wreath 
 the spleen 
 a sponge 
 a bird-cage 
 a lobster 
 a furlong 
 fibres of plants 
 pewter 
 t Roman ba- 
 ' lance 
 
 n. stemma, atis a stem 
 
 n. stercus, oris dung 
 
 . . ,. fa mark of in- 
 
 n. stigma, atis J 
 
 l famy 
 m. stilus, stylus,i a pen 
 m. stipes, itis a stake 
 
 /. stiria, 83 
 /. stiva, 83 
 /. stola, 83 
 m. stolo, 5nis 
 
 a hanging drop 
 the plough tail 
 a long robe 
 a shoot or twig 
 
 m. stomachus, i the stomach 
 
 ~ o-.u~ - i i one that is g- 
 m. strabo, onis J & * 
 
 ( gle-eyed 
 
 n. stratagema, ) . . 
 
 & ' > a stratagem 
 
 atis 
 
 5 C 
 
 /.strena,* /anew year's 
 
 i gift 
 c. strix, igis a screech owl 
 f. struma, a? a wen 
 f. stupa, 83 tow 
 n. stuprum, i whoredom 
 c. sturnus, i a starling 
 m. Styx, ygis a river in hell 
 n. suber, eris cork 
 /.sublica,* (a P^ driven into 
 
 I water 
 /. subucula, ae a shirt 
 
 m. subulo, onis 
 n. succinum, i 
 f. sudes, is 
 m. surculus,i 
 
 /. symbola, a3 
 
 n. symbolum, i 
 f. sympho- 
 
 nia, se 
 n. symposi- 
 um, i 
 /. synagSga, 83 
 f. syntaxis, eos 
 n. syrma, atis 
 n. systema, atis 
 
 f. tseda, teda, 
 
 83 
 
 f. taenia, 3e 
 n. talentum, i 
 
 f. talpa, 83 
 
 m. talus, i 
 
 m. tapes, etis 
 
 f. taxus, i 
 n. temetum, i 
 
 m. temo, 5nis 
 
 /. terebra, 83 
 m. termes, itis 
 
 a piper 
 
 amber 
 
 a stake 
 
 a sprig 
 J share of a reck - 
 1 oniug 
 
 a token 
 
 {concert in mu- 
 sic 
 {a drinking to- 
 gether 
 a synagogue 
 syntax 
 
 train of a gown 
 a system 
 
 {a torch used at 
 weddings 
 a wreath 
 a talent 
 a mole 
 the ankle 
 tapestry 
 the yew-tree 
 strong wine 
 
 {the pole of a 
 coach 
 a piercer 
 a twig 
 
 n. tesqua, orum rough places 
 /. tessera, 83 a die or tally 
 
 m. thalamus, i | a brid e-cham- 
 
 ^ ber 
 /. theca, S3 a sheath 
 
 n. thema, atis a theme 
 m. theologus, i a divine 
 /. thermae, arum hot baths 
 
104 
 
 SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 m. tholus, i 
 
 a vaulted roof 
 
 n. tropseum, i 
 
 a trophy 
 
 m, thorax, acis 
 
 the breast 
 
 f. trutina, se 
 
 a balance 
 
 m. thronus, i 
 
 a throne 
 
 n. tuber, eris 
 
 a knob in trees 
 
 m. thynnus, i 
 
 a tunny fish 
 
 f. tuber, eris 
 
 a tuber-tree 
 
 m. thyrsus, i 
 
 fBacchus's 
 v. spear 
 
 f. turdus, i 
 
 a thrush 
 
 f. turtur, uris 
 
 a turtle-dove 
 
 f. tiara, se 
 tiaras, se 
 
 I a turban 
 
 /. tussis, is 
 n. tympanum, 
 
 a cough 
 i a drum 
 
 m. tignus, i 
 n, tignum, i 
 
 \ a rafter 
 
 n. vaccinium, 
 
 i a hyacinth 
 
 e. tigris, idis 
 
 a tiger 
 
 /. vagina, se 
 
 a scabbard 
 
 /. tilia, ae 
 f. tinea, se 
 
 a lime-tree 
 a moth 
 
 /. vannus, i 
 
 / a fan to win- 
 ^ now corn 
 
 m. tiro, tyro, onis a novice 
 
 f. vappa, ae 
 
 palled wine * 
 
 f. titio, 5nis 
 m. titulus, i 
 
 a firebrand 
 a title 
 
 f. varix, icis 
 
 fa swollen vein 
 ^ in the leg 
 
 m. tomus, i 
 
 a volume 
 
 m. vas, adis 
 
 bail 
 
 m. topazus, i 
 m. tophus, i 
 
 a topaz 
 
 a sand stone 
 
 m. veles, itis 
 
 fa light-armed 
 ^ soldier 
 
 m. toreuta, se 
 
 a turner 
 
 m. veper, pris 
 
 a brier 
 
 m. tornus, i 
 
 fa turner's 
 v wheel 
 
 f. verbena, se 
 
 vervain 
 
 
 m. verres, is 
 
 a boar pig 
 
 n. toxicum, i 
 
 venom 
 
 f. verruca, se 
 
 a wart 
 
 /. tragoedia, se 
 
 a tragedy 
 
 m, vervex, ecis 
 
 a wether-sheep 
 
 f. tragula, se 
 
 a javelin 
 
 f. vesica, se 
 
 a bladder 
 
 m. tribulus, i 
 
 a thistle 
 
 f. vespa, se 
 
 a wasp 
 
 f. tricse, arum 
 n. triclinium, i 
 
 (hairs on birds' 
 1 feet 
 
 (bed to sit on at 
 1 table 
 
 m. vestibulum, 
 m. vibex, icis 
 
 m. vicia, se 
 
 i a porch 
 Jthe mark of a 
 ^ blow 
 a vetch 
 
 m. trio, 5nis 
 
 a plough ox 
 
 f. victima, se 
 
 a victim 
 
 n. tripudium, i 
 
 a dance 
 
 f. villa, se 
 
 fa country- 
 l house 
 
 n. triticum, i 
 
 wheat 
 
 
 f. trochlea, se 
 
 a pulley 
 
 /. viola, se 
 
 a violet 
 
 m, trochus, i 
 
 a boy's top 
 
 f. vipera, se 
 
 a viper 
 
 
 * also a sp 
 
 endthrift. 
 
 
SUBSTANTIVE NOUNS. 
 
 105 
 
 n. virus, 1 
 
 poison 
 
 /. urma, se 
 
 urine 
 
 m. viscus, i 
 m. vitellus, i 
 
 birdlime 
 J the yolk of an 
 V egg 
 
 f. urna, se 
 m. ursus, i 
 
 r& pitcher or 
 \ pot, an urn 
 a he -bear 
 
 m. vitricus, i 
 
 a step -father 
 
 m. uter, tris 
 
 a bladder 
 
 m. viiulus, r 
 
 a calf 
 
 c, vulpes, is 
 
 a fox 
 
 f. uligo, inis 
 
 moistness 
 
 m, vultur, uris 
 
 a vulture 
 
 f. ulmus, i 
 
 the elm-tree 
 
 
 
 /. ulna, se 
 /. ulva, se 
 
 an ell 
 sea-weed 
 
 /. xenium, i 
 
 fa gift to a 
 L stranger 
 
 f, ulula, se 
 m, umbilicus, i 
 
 an owl 
 the navel 
 
 n. xystum, i 
 
 ra place of ex 
 \ ercise 
 
 m. umbo, onis 
 
 /the boss of a 
 ^ buckler 
 
 m. zelus, i 
 
 zeal 
 
 /. uncia, se 
 
 Jan ounce or 
 I inch 
 
 n. zenith 
 /. zeta, se 
 
 the zenith 
 a stove 
 
 /. unio, onis 
 /. vola, 83 
 
 a sort of pearl 
 J the hollow of 
 l the hand 
 
 n, zingiber, eris 
 m. zodiacus, i 
 f. zona, se 
 
 ginger 
 the zodiac 
 a girdle 
 
 m. urceus, i 
 
 a pitcher 
 
 n. zythum, i 
 
 beer or ale 
 
THE GENDERS 
 
 of the foregoing Substantives can be ascertained by the Rules given 
 in the Introduction^ subject to ihe following exceptions. 
 
 Acer, n. 
 
 cudo, m. 
 
 piper, n. 
 
 acinaces, m. 
 
 culex, m. 
 
 pollen, n. 
 
 acus,/. 
 
 diametros, f. 
 
 poples, m. 
 
 adamas, m. 
 
 eos,/. 
 
 pulex, m. 
 
 ador, n. 
 
 epos, n. 
 
 pumex, c. 
 
 aedon, f. 
 
 etymon, n. 
 
 ramex, m. 
 
 alvus, f. 
 
 follis, m. 
 
 sapphirus /. 
 
 ames, m. 
 
 fornix, m. 
 
 scipio, m. 
 
 anatome, /. 
 
 glis, m. 
 
 scorpio, m. 
 
 antidotus, f. 
 
 gnomon, m. 
 
 scrobs, c. 
 
 axis, m. 
 
 grossos, c. 
 
 siler, c. 
 
 bombyx, m. 
 
 gryps, m. 
 
 sindon,/. 
 
 boreas, m. 
 
 halex, n. 
 
 sorex, m. 
 
 byssus,/. 
 
 hallux, m. 
 
 spinther, ft. 
 
 callis. m. 
 
 halo, f. 
 
 stipes, m. 
 
 canalis, c. 
 
 hydrops, m. 
 
 suber, n. 
 
 cordis, m. 
 
 inguen, n. 
 
 tapes, m. 
 
 caulex, m. 
 
 larix, c. 
 
 termes, m. 
 
 chalybs, m. 
 
 lebes, m. 
 
 thorax, m. 
 
 chaos, w. 
 
 linter, c. 
 
 titio, m. 
 
 cicer, n. 
 
 lotos, c. 
 
 tuber, n. 
 
 clunis, c. 
 
 magnes, m. 
 
 varix, c. 
 
 colus, c. 
 
 molos, n. 
 
 vibex, m. 
 
 cometa, m. 
 
 mugil, m. 
 
 unio, m. 
 
 corbis, c. 
 
 pap aver, n. 
 
 zingiber, n. 
 
 cos,/. 
 
 papyrus,/. 
 
 
ADDITIONAL ADJECTIVES. 
 
 Assus, a, um 
 azymus, a, urn 
 
 roasted 
 unleavened 
 
 balbus, a, urn stammering 
 
 blsesus, a, urn lisping 
 
 bircerus, a, urn horned 
 
 coelebs, bis unmarried 
 
 coeruleus, a, um azure 
 
 camurus, a, um crooked 
 
 cassus, a, um void 
 catholicus, a, um universal 
 
 cicur, uris tame 
 
 creperus, a, um doubtful 
 
 deter, era, erum bad 
 
 dius, a, um divine 
 
 eous, a, um eastern 
 
 exoticus, a, um exotic 
 
 exterus, a, um foreign 
 
 fatuus, a, um silly 
 
 faustus, a, um 
 flaccus, a, um 
 furvus, a, um 
 fuscus, a, um 
 
 lucky 
 flaccid 
 swarthy 
 brown 
 
 glaber, bra, brum without hair 
 
 glaucus, a, um gray 
 
 hirtus, a, um rough 
 
 hispidus, a, um bristly 
 
 industrius, a, um industrious 
 
 lsevus, a, um 
 lascivus, a, um 
 limus, a, um 
 lippus, a, um 
 liquus, a, um 
 luscus, a, um 
 
 smooth 
 
 wanton 
 
 askew 
 
 blear-eyed 
 
 asquint 
 
 blind of one eye 
 
 gilvus, a, um of flesh colour 
 
 manifestus, a, um manifest 
 
 mustus, a, um new 
 
 mutilus, a, um maimed 
 
 necesse, indecl. necessary 
 
 nequam, indecl. wicked 
 
 nimius, a, um too much 
 
 obesus, a, um fat 
 
 psetus, a, um 
 pernix, icis 
 perperus, a, um 
 perpes, etis 
 procerus, a, um 
 
 pink-eyed 
 
 swift 
 
 rash 
 
 perpetual 
 
 tall 
 
108 
 
 ADDITIONAL ADJECTIVES. 
 
 serius, a, um 
 sesqui, indecL 
 simus, a, um 
 sospes, ids 
 spurcus, a, um 
 spurius, a, um 
 stolidus, a, um 
 sudus, a, um 
 synonymus, a, um 
 
 prorsus, a, um 
 
 
 straight 
 
 pullus, a, um 
 
 
 russet 
 
 punicus, a, um 
 
 
 red as scarlet 
 
 purus, a, um 
 
 
 pure 
 
 pygmajus, a, um 
 
 small 
 
 repens, ntis 
 
 
 sudden 
 
 rufus, a, um 
 
 
 reddish 
 
 russus, a, um 
 
 { 
 
 of carnation 
 colour 
 
 salax, acis wanton 
 
 scsevus, a, um left 
 
 scambus, a, um bow-legged 
 
 segnis, is sluggish 
 
 serious 
 one and half 
 flat-nosed 
 safe 
 filthy 
 spurious 
 foolish 
 unclouded 
 synonymous 
 
 vafer, fra, frum crafty 
 
 valgus, a, um bow-legged 
 
 varus, a, um bandy-legged 
 
 veges, etis lively 
 
ADDITIONAL VERBS. 
 
 Autumo, avi 
 
 to suppose 
 
 fceteo, ui 
 
 to stink 
 
 ave, defect. 
 
 all hail 
 
 frio, avi 
 
 to crumble 
 
 
 
 futio, ivi 
 
 to blab 
 
 balo, avi 
 
 to bleat 
 
 futo, avi 
 
 to blame 
 
 baptizo, avi 
 
 to baptize 
 
 
 
 blatero, avi 
 
 to babble 
 
 gannio, ivi 
 
 to whine 
 
 fbuo, ui 
 
 to stuff 
 
 garrio, ivi 
 
 to prattle 
 
 
 
 glisco, ere 
 
 to grow fat 
 
 cambio, psi 
 
 to barter 
 
 glocio, 
 
 to cluck 
 
 caro, ere 
 
 to card 
 
 glubo, ui 
 
 to flay- 
 
 castro, avi 
 
 to geld 
 
 glutio, ivi 
 
 to swallow 
 
 cedo, defect. 
 
 grant it 
 
 
 
 ceveo, evi 
 
 to wag the tail 
 
 hirrio, 
 
 to snarl 
 
 cilleo, 
 
 to twinkle 
 
 
 
 clepo, psi 
 
 to steal 
 
 jento, avi 
 
 to breakfast 
 
 clueo, 
 
 to begin 
 
 in dago, avi 
 
 to search 
 
 comessor, atus 
 
 to revel 
 
 inquino, avi 
 
 to stain 
 
 condio, ivi 
 
 to season 
 
 instigo, 
 
 to instigate 
 
 crocio, ivi 
 
 to croak 
 
 irrito, avi 
 
 to irritate 
 
 cucubo, avi 
 
 to whoop 
 
 
 
 
 
 labo, are 
 
 to totter 
 
 delibuo, ui 
 
 to anoint 
 
 leo, evi 
 
 to anoint 
 
 depso, ui 
 
 to knead 
 
 ligurio, ivi 
 
 to eat deliciously 
 
 diribeo, ui 
 
 to count over 
 
 lingo, nxi 
 
 to lick 
 
 dolo, avi 
 
 to hew 
 
 lito, avi 
 
 to atone 
 
 duco, avi 
 
 to govern 
 
 liveo, 
 
 to be livid 
 
 ejulo, avi 
 
 to howl 
 
 marceo, ui 
 
 to pine away 
 
 emio, ivi 
 
 to adorn 
 
 mingo, nxi 
 
 to make water 
 
 exentero, avi 
 
 to disembowel 
 
 muceo, ui 
 
 to be mouldy 
 
 farcio, si 
 
 to cram 
 
 1 mulgeo, lsi 
 
 to milk 
 
110 
 
 ADDITIONAL VERBS. 
 
 neo, evi 
 fnideo, - 
 ningo, nxi 
 
 occo, avi 
 operio, ivi 
 
 palpo, avi 
 pavio, ivi 
 pedo, pepedi 
 pilo, avi 
 pipio, ivi 
 plango, nxi 
 proco, are 
 propino, avi 
 prurio, ivi 
 psallo, alii 
 puteo, ui 
 putreo, ui 
 
 ranceo, ui 
 ringor, 
 rudo, di 
 rugio, ivi 
 
 to spin 
 to shine 
 to snow 
 
 to harrow 
 to close 
 
 to caress 
 
 to pave 
 
 to expel wind 
 
 to rot 
 
 to peep 
 
 to resound 
 
 to woo 
 
 to drink to one 
 
 to itch 
 
 to sing 
 
 to stink 
 
 to rot 
 
 to be rancid 
 to fret 
 to bray 
 to roar 
 
 frugo, ere to belch 
 
 runco, avi to weed 
 
 sarcio, si to patch 
 
 fsarpo, psi to prune 
 
 sarrio, ivi to rake 
 
 scabo, bi 
 scalpo, psi 
 scateo, 
 screo, avi 
 sculpo, psi 
 sedo, avi 
 serpo, psi 
 f sipo, are 
 spuo, ui 
 fstauro, avi 
 sternuo, ui 
 sterto, ui 
 strangulo, avi 
 sugo, xi 
 
 to scratch 
 to claw 
 to bubble up 
 to retch 
 to carve 
 to allay 
 to creep 
 to sprinkle 
 to spit 
 to make new 
 to sneeze 
 to snort 
 to strangle 
 to suck 
 
 f tamino, avi to defile 
 ftelo, are to drive away 
 temero, are to profane 
 tinnio, ivi to tingle 
 titillo, avi # to tickle 
 titubo, avi to stammer 
 
 vacillo, avi to waver 
 
 vagio, ivi to cry 
 
 vapulo, avi to be beaten 
 
 vegeo, evi to grow 
 
 vergo, ere to verge to 
 
 vieo, evi to tie with twigs 
 
 vitupero, avi to blame 
 
INDEX 
 
 TO THE PRINCIPAL ROOTS AND DERIVATIVES. 
 
 Observe the words in italics are derivatives. 
 
 SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 A 
 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 
 antrum 
 
 , 12 
 
 avena 
 
 1 
 
 
 page 
 
 aper 
 
 12 
 
 Avernus 
 
 . 64 
 
 Acervus 
 
 7 
 
 apex 
 
 . 26 
 
 avis 
 
 . 16 
 
 acies 
 
 . 27 
 
 apis 
 
 16 
 
 avus 
 
 28 
 
 aconitum 
 
 12 
 
 aqua 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 advena 
 
 61 
 
 aquila 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 adytum 
 
 29 
 
 aquilo 
 
 69 
 
 B 
 
 
 aedes 
 
 18 
 
 ara 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 aquor 
 
 70 
 
 arbor 
 
 20 
 
 bacca 
 
 1 
 
 aer 
 
 20 
 
 arbutus 
 
 7 
 
 Bacchus 
 
 7 
 
 serumna 
 
 28 
 
 area 
 
 1 
 
 balneum 
 
 . 12 
 
 ses 
 
 20 
 
 arcanum 
 
 12 
 
 bancus 
 
 7 
 
 a&tas 
 
 68 
 
 arcus 
 
 26 
 
 barba 
 
 1 
 
 restus 
 
 26 
 
 arena 
 
 1 
 
 barbitus 
 
 28 
 
 <Btas 
 
 68 
 
 argentum 
 
 12 
 
 basium 
 
 . 12 
 
 aether 
 
 12 
 
 arista 
 
 61 
 
 bellua 
 
 61 
 
 aevum 
 
 12 
 
 arma 
 
 15 
 
 bellum 
 
 12 
 
 Africus 
 
 63 
 
 armentum 
 
 65 
 
 bestia 
 
 1 
 
 ager 
 
 11 
 
 ars 
 
 19 
 
 biduum 
 
 . 65 
 
 agger 
 
 20 
 
 artus 
 
 27 
 
 bigcB 
 
 . 63 
 
 agmen 
 
 22 
 
 arundo 
 
 23 
 
 biremis 
 
 . 67 
 
 agnus 
 
 7 
 
 arvum 
 
 65 
 
 bos 
 
 25 
 
 ala 
 
 1 
 
 arx 
 
 71 
 
 brachium 
 
 12 
 
 alea 
 
 . 28 
 
 as 
 
 68 
 
 brevia 
 
 72 
 
 ales 
 
 69 
 
 astrum 
 
 12 
 
 brum a 
 
 2 
 
 alga 
 
 28 
 
 astus 
 
 26 
 
 
 
 alumnus 
 
 63 
 
 atrium 
 
 . 65 
 
 
 
 alveus 
 
 64 
 
 augur 
 
 71 
 
 C 
 
 
 ambages 
 
 72 
 
 aula 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 amicus 
 
 7 
 
 aulceum 
 
 65 
 
 caballus 
 
 7 
 
 amnis 
 
 67 
 
 aura 
 
 1 
 
 cachinnus 
 
 7 
 
 anchora 
 
 1 
 
 auriga 
 
 61 
 
 cacumen 
 
 69 
 
 ancilla 
 
 1 
 
 auris 
 
 16 
 
 cadaver 
 
 20 
 
 anguis 
 
 16 
 
 aurum 
 
 12 
 
 cad us 
 
 7 
 
 angulus 
 
 7 
 
 auspex 
 
 71 
 
 ccedes 
 
 67 
 
 animus 
 
 7 
 
 Auster 
 
 12 
 
 casaries 
 
 73 
 
 annus 
 
 7 
 
 autumnus 
 
 7 
 
 calamus 
 
 8 
 
 antenna 
 
 61 
 
 auxilium 
 
 12 
 
 caligo 
 
 23 
 
112 
 
 SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 calix 
 
 24 
 
 coelum 
 
 12 
 
 cymba 
 
 callus 
 
 8 
 
 ccena 
 
 61 
 
 
 calx 
 
 25 
 
 coenum 
 
 12 
 
 
 camera 
 
 2 
 
 coetus 
 
 72 
 
 D 
 
 caminus 
 
 8 
 
 cohors 
 
 19 
 
 
 campus 
 
 8 
 
 collis 
 
 16 
 
 dama 
 
 canis 
 
 16 
 
 collum 
 
 12 
 
 damnum 
 
 canistrum 
 
 12 
 
 colonus 
 
 64 
 
 daps 
 
 caper 
 
 12 
 
 color 
 
 19 
 
 decor 
 
 capillus 
 
 64 
 
 columba 
 
 2 
 
 decus 
 
 caput 
 
 26 
 
 columna 
 
 2 
 
 dedecus 
 
 car bo 
 
 24 
 
 coma 
 
 2 
 
 delphin 
 
 career 
 
 20 
 
 comes 
 
 18 
 
 delubrum 
 
 cardo 
 
 23 
 
 comitium 
 
 65 
 
 dens 
 
 carina 
 
 2 
 
 commissum 
 
 65 
 
 desertum 
 
 carmen 
 
 22 
 
 compages 
 
 67 
 
 desidia 
 
 caro 
 
 24 
 
 concha 
 
 2 
 
 Deus 
 
 casa 
 
 2 
 
 consilium 
 
 13 
 
 dies 
 
 caseus 
 
 8 
 
 conus 
 
 8 
 
 digitus 
 
 cassis 
 
 25 
 
 copia 
 
 2 
 
 diluculum 
 
 castanea 
 
 2 
 
 cor 
 
 25 
 
 dimidium 
 
 castra 
 
 15 
 
 cornu 
 
 27 
 
 discrimen 
 
 casus 
 
 . 72 
 
 corona 
 
 2 
 
 discus 
 
 catena 
 
 61 
 
 corpus 
 
 21 
 
 Divus 
 
 caterva 
 
 61 
 
 cortex 
 
 24 
 
 dolus 
 
 causa 
 
 2 
 
 costa 
 
 2 
 
 dominus 
 
 cautes 
 
 29 
 
 cothurnus 
 
 28 
 
 domus 
 
 cella 
 
 2 
 
 cratera 
 
 2 
 
 donum 
 
 centrum 
 
 12 
 
 crimen 
 
 22 
 
 dorsum 
 
 cera 
 
 2 
 
 crinis 
 
 . 67 
 
 dos 
 
 Ceres 
 
 20 
 
 crista 
 
 2 
 
 draco 
 
 cervix 
 
 24 
 
 crocus 
 
 8 
 
 dumus 
 
 cervus 
 
 8 
 
 cruor 
 
 19 
 
 dux 
 
 cespes 
 
 29 
 
 crus 
 
 22 
 
 
 charta 
 
 2 
 
 crux 
 
 24 
 
 
 chorda 
 
 2 
 
 culina 
 
 2 
 
 E 
 
 chorus 
 
 8 
 
 culmen 
 
 22 
 
 
 cibus 
 
 8 
 
 culpa 
 
 2 
 
 ebur 
 
 cicatrix 
 
 24 
 
 cumulus 
 
 8 
 
 egestas 
 
 cingulum 
 
 65 
 
 cuneus 
 
 8 
 
 ensis 
 
 cinis 
 
 17 
 
 cupressus 
 
 8 
 
 epistola 
 
 circus 
 
 8 
 
 cura 
 
 2 
 
 epulse 
 
 cithara 
 
 2 
 
 curia 
 
 3 
 
 equus 
 
 civis 
 
 16 
 
 currus 
 
 72 
 
 Erebus 
 
 civitas 
 
 68 
 
 cursus 
 
 72 
 
 eremus 
 
 clades 
 
 67 
 
 cuspis 
 
 25 
 
 esca 
 
 classis 
 
 16 
 
 enstos 
 
 25 
 
 Eurus 
 
 cliens 
 
 18 
 
 cutis 
 
 16 
 
 excidium 
 
 clivus 
 
 8 
 
 cyathus 
 
 28 
 
 exemplum 
 
 clypeus 
 
 . 28 
 
 eyenus 
 
 8 
 
 exequice 
 
 page 
 28 
 
SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 113 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 exercitus 
 
 72 
 
 forties . 
 
 . 69 
 
 glomus 
 
 exsul 
 
 71 
 
 fons 
 
 18 
 
 gloria 
 
 exuvice 
 
 63 
 
 foris 
 
 16 
 
 gluten , 
 
 
 
 forma 
 
 3 
 
 gradus 
 
 
 
 formica 
 
 . 61 
 
 gramen 
 
 F 
 
 
 formido 
 
 . 23 
 
 grando 
 
 
 
 fors 
 
 . 19 
 
 granum 
 
 faber 
 
 12 
 
 forum 
 
 13 
 
 grates 
 
 fabula 
 
 3 
 
 fossa 
 
 62 
 
 gratia 
 
 fades 
 
 27 
 
 fragor 
 
 70 
 
 gremium 
 
 /acinus 
 
 70 
 
 frater 
 
 21 
 
 gressus 
 
 factum 
 
 65 
 
 fraus 
 
 25 
 
 grex 
 
 faex 
 
 25 
 
 frenum 
 
 13 
 
 grus 
 
 fagus 
 
 28 
 
 fretum 
 
 . 13 
 
 gula 
 
 falx 
 
 25 
 
 frigus 
 
 21 
 
 gurges 
 
 fama 
 
 3 
 
 frons, Us 
 
 18 
 
 gutta 
 
 fames 
 
 18 
 
 frons, dis 
 
 78 
 
 
 famulus 
 
 8 
 
 ft ustum 
 
 . 65 
 
 H 
 
 fanum 
 
 . 13 
 
 frutex 
 
 24 
 
 
 far 
 
 . 22 
 
 frux 
 
 25 
 
 habena 
 
 fas 
 
 . 26 
 
 fucus 
 
 9 
 
 hseres 
 
 fastigium 
 
 13 
 
 fucus 
 
 64 
 
 hamus 
 
 fast us 
 
 26 
 
 fulgur 
 
 71 
 
 hasta 
 
 fatum 
 
 . 13 
 
 fulmen 
 
 23 
 
 hedera 
 
 faux 
 
 25 
 
 fumus 
 
 9 
 
 herba 
 
 favilla 
 
 . 61 
 
 funale 
 
 71 
 
 heros 
 
 fax 
 
 . 25 
 
 fundus 
 
 9 
 
 hiberna 
 
 femina 
 
 3 
 
 funis 
 
 . 16 
 
 hiems 
 
 femur 
 
 22 
 
 funus 
 
 21 
 
 historia 
 
 fenestra 
 
 3 
 
 fur 
 
 22 
 
 hcedus 
 
 fera 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 homo 
 
 ferina 
 
 . 61 
 
 
 
 honor 
 
 ferrum 
 
 13 
 
 G 
 
 
 hora 
 
 fides, is 
 
 18 
 
 
 
 hortus 
 
 fides, ei 
 
 27 
 
 galea 
 
 3 
 
 hospes 
 
 fiducia 
 
 61 
 
 gallus 
 
 9 
 
 hostia 
 
 filius 
 
 8 
 
 gaudium 
 
 65 
 
 hostis 
 
 filum 
 
 13 
 
 gaza 
 
 3 
 
 humerus 
 
 finis 
 
 16 
 
 gelu 
 
 27 
 
 humus 
 
 flagitium 
 
 13 
 
 gemma 
 
 3 
 
 
 flamma 
 
 3 
 
 gener 
 
 64 
 
 I 
 
 flos 
 
 20 
 
 gens 
 
 19 
 
 
 fluctus 
 
 72 
 
 genu 
 
 27 
 
 ignis 
 
 flumen 
 
 . 69 
 
 genus 
 
 21 
 
 ilex 
 
 fluvius 
 
 . 64 
 
 germanus 
 
 64 
 
 imago 
 
 focus 
 
 8 
 
 germen 
 
 23 
 
 imber 
 
 feed us 
 
 21 
 
 glacies 
 
 28 
 
 imperium 
 
 fcenum 
 
 . 13 
 
 gladius 
 
 9 
 
 incola 
 
 foetus 
 
 . 72 
 
 gleba 
 
 3 
 
 indoles 
 
 folium 
 
 . 13 
 
 globus 
 
 8 
 
 inductee 
 
 L 2 
 
in 
 
 SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 inedia 
 
 62 
 
 lethum 
 
 13 
 
 mens 
 
 inertia 
 
 62 
 
 lex 
 
 25 
 
 mensa 
 
 infans 
 
 68 
 
 liber 
 
 12 
 
 mensis 
 
 ingenium 
 
 . 65 
 
 liberi 
 
 65 
 
 mentum 
 
 initium 
 
 i 66 
 
 libido 
 
 69 
 
 merces 
 
 insidice 
 
 63 
 
 libra 
 
 4 
 
 merx 
 
 insula 
 
 3 
 
 lignum 
 
 14 
 
 messis 
 
 invidia 
 
 . 62 
 
 limen 
 
 23 
 
 meta 
 
 ira 
 
 3 
 
 limes 
 
 18 
 
 metus 
 
 iter 
 
 26 
 
 limus 
 
 9 
 
 mica 
 
 
 
 linea 
 
 4 
 
 miles 
 
 J 
 
 
 lingua 
 
 4 
 
 minse 
 
 
 
 lis 
 
 18 
 
 minister 
 
 jaculum 
 
 janua 
 
 jocus 
 
 juba 
 
 jugulum 
 
 jugum 
 
 jugum 
 
 jus 
 
 jussum 
 
 juvencus 
 
 juventus 
 
 . 66 
 
 3 
 
 . 9 
 
 . 28 
 
 . 13 
 
 . 13 
 
 . 13 
 
 22 
 
 66 
 
 64 
 
 69 
 
 litera 
 
 lit us 
 
 locus 
 
 lorica 
 
 lorum 
 
 lucrum 
 
 lucus 
 
 ludus 
 
 lumen 
 
 luna 
 
 lupus 
 
 lustrum 
 
 4 
 70 
 
 9 
 62 
 . 14 
 14 
 64 
 64 
 23 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 14 
 
 minores 
 
 modus 
 
 moechus 
 
 moenia 
 
 mola 
 
 moles 
 
 monile 
 
 mons 
 
 monstrum 
 
 mora * . 
 
 morbus 
 
 mors 
 
 
 
 lutum 
 
 14 
 
 mos 
 
 L 
 
 
 lux 
 
 . 25 
 
 motus 
 
 
 
 luxus 
 
 72 
 
 mulier 
 
 labes 
 
 68 
 
 lychnus 
 
 9 
 
 mundus 
 
 labium 
 
 13 
 
 lympha 
 
 9 
 
 munus 
 
 labor 
 
 . 20 
 
 
 
 murex 
 
 lac 
 
 19 
 
 
 
 murmur 
 
 lacertus 
 
 9 
 
 M 
 
 
 murus 
 
 lachryma 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 mus 
 
 lacus 
 
 . 26 
 
 machina 
 
 4 
 
 musa 
 
 lana 
 
 3 
 
 macula 
 
 4 
 
 
 lapis 
 
 25 
 
 magister 
 
 13 
 
 N 
 
 laquear 
 
 7o 
 
 majores 
 
 . 72 
 
 
 Lar 
 
 . 22 
 
 malum 
 
 29 
 
 natus 
 
 latebra 
 
 . 62 
 
 malus 
 
 28 
 
 naufragium 
 
 latex 
 
 . 71 
 
 mamma 
 
 4 
 
 nauta 
 
 latro 
 
 . 69 
 
 mantelium 
 
 66 
 
 navis 
 
 latus 
 
 . 21 
 
 manus 
 
 27 
 
 nectar 
 
 laurus 
 
 9 
 
 mare 
 
 26 
 
 negotium 
 
 laus 
 
 25 
 
 margo 
 
 24 
 
 nemo 
 
 lectus 
 
 54 
 
 maritus 
 
 9 
 
 nemus 
 
 legatus 
 
 64 
 
 marmor 
 
 20 
 
 nepos 
 
 leo 
 
 24 
 
 mater 
 
 21 
 
 nervus 
 
 epor 
 
 20 
 
 mel 
 
 26 
 
 nex 
 
 lepus 
 
 70 
 
 membrum 
 
 14 
 
 nidus 
 
SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 115 
 
 O 
 
 page 
 26 
 64 
 25 
 
 9 
 23 
 
 4 
 62 
 62 
 28 
 62 
 19 
 62 
 18 
 69 
 10 
 10 
 71 
 25 
 
 4 
 
 71 
 72 
 72 
 68 
 10 
 10 
 66 
 20 
 
 4 
 
 23 
 21 
 62 
 67 
 14 
 72 
 21 
 21 
 
 4 
 16 
 68 
 29 
 24 
 68 
 22 
 20 
 20 
 66 
 
 ostium 
 
 ostrum 
 
 otium 
 
 ovis 
 
 ovum 
 
 pabulum 
 
 pagus 
 
 palla 
 
 palma 
 
 palm a 
 
 palumbes 
 
 palus, i 
 
 palus, udis 
 
 panis 
 
 parens 
 
 paries 
 
 parma 
 
 pars 
 
 partus 
 
 pater 
 
 patera 
 
 patria 
 
 pax 
 
 pectus 
 
 pecu 
 
 pecunia 
 
 pelagus 
 
 pellis 
 
 pelta 
 
 penna 
 
 perms 
 
 periculum 
 
 pes 
 
 pestis 
 
 pharetra 
 
 pignus 
 
 pila 
 
 pilus 
 
 pinus 
 
 piscis 
 
 pistor 
 
 pix 
 
 plaga 
 
 plaga 
 
 planta 
 
 page 
 66 
 14 
 14 
 16 
 14 
 
 66 
 
 10 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 29 
 
 10 
 
 25 
 
 16 
 
 19 
 
 18 
 
 28 
 
 19 
 
 73 
 
 73 
 
 21 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 25 
 
 21 
 
 27 
 
 62 
 
 10 
 
 17 
 
 62 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 66 
 
 25 
 
 17 
 
 28 
 
 21 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 17 
 
 70 
 
 24 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 5 
 
 plaustrum 
 
 plebs 
 
 pluma 
 
 plumbum 
 
 poculum 
 
 poena 
 
 polus 
 
 pomum 
 
 pondus 
 
 pons 
 
 pontus 
 
 populus 
 
 populus 
 
 porta 
 
 portus 
 
 prseda 
 
 prsemium 
 
 prcBsepe 
 
 pratum 
 
 pretium 
 
 prex 
 
 principium 
 
 probrum 
 
 procella * 
 
 pro ceres 
 
 prodigium 
 
 proelium 
 
 proles 
 
 prora 
 
 pubes 
 
 pudor 
 
 puella 
 
 puer 
 
 pugna 
 
 pulvis 
 
 puppis 
 
 purpura 
 
 quercus 
 questus 
 quies 
 
 rabies 
 
 page 
 66 
 17 
 
 5 
 
 14 
 66 
 
 5 
 
 10 
 14 
 21 
 19 
 10 
 10 
 10 
 
 5 
 27 
 
 5 
 14 
 71 
 66 
 14 
 71 
 66 
 14 
 62 
 72 
 14 
 29 
 68 
 
 5 
 18 
 70 
 62 
 12 
 
 5 
 
 17 
 17 
 
 5 
 
 73 
 
 29 
 73 
 18 
 
 28 
 
116 
 
 SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 racemus 
 
 . 10 
 
 scapha 
 
 5 
 
 spiculum 
 
 radius 
 
 . 10 
 
 scelus 
 
 . 21 
 
 spina 
 
 radix 
 
 . 24 
 
 scena 
 
 5 
 
 spolium 
 
 ramus 
 
 . 10 
 
 sceptrum 
 
 . 14 
 
 sponda 
 
 rastrum 
 
 . 66 
 
 schola 
 
 5 
 
 spons 
 
 ratio 
 
 . 69 
 
 scintilla 
 
 5 
 
 spuma 
 
 ratis 
 
 . 17 
 
 scopulus 
 
 . 11 
 
 squama 
 
 regina 
 
 . 62 
 
 scutum 
 
 . 15 
 
 stagnum 
 
 regio 
 
 . 24 
 
 secordia 
 
 . 62 
 
 Stella 
 
 regnum 
 
 . 14 
 
 seeulum 
 
 . 15 
 
 stilla 
 
 reliquiae 
 
 . 63 
 
 securis 
 
 . 67 
 
 stimulus 
 
 remigium 
 
 . 66 
 
 seges 
 
 , 18 
 
 stips 
 
 remus 
 
 . 10 
 
 sella 
 
 . 63 
 
 stipula 
 
 repetundce 
 
 . 63 
 
 semen 
 
 . 23 
 
 stirps 
 
 res 
 
 . 28 
 
 semita 
 
 63 
 
 succus 
 
 rete 
 
 . 26 
 
 senatus 
 
 27 
 
 sulcus 
 
 rex 
 
 . 25 
 
 senectus 
 
 69 
 
 sulphur 
 
 rim a 
 
 5 
 
 sentis 
 
 67 
 
 sumptus 
 
 ripa 
 
 5 
 
 sepes 
 
 18 
 
 superi 
 
 ritus 
 
 27 
 
 series 
 
 28 
 
 supplicium 
 
 rivus 
 
 10 
 
 sermo 
 
 24 
 
 sura 
 
 robur 
 
 22 
 
 sertum 
 
 66 
 
 sus 
 
 rogus 
 
 64 
 
 servus 
 
 11 
 
 susurrus 
 
 ros * 
 
 20 
 
 seta 
 
 5 
 
 syllaba 
 
 rosa 
 
 5 
 
 sibilus 
 
 11 
 
 sylva 
 
 rostrum 
 
 14 
 
 sidus 
 
 22 
 
 syrtis 
 
 rota 
 
 5 
 
 sigillum 
 
 66 
 
 
 rudens 
 
 19 
 
 signum 
 
 15 
 
 
 ruga 
 rumen 
 
 5 
 
 silex 
 
 24 
 
 T 
 
 23 
 
 singultus 
 
 64 
 
 
 rumor 
 
 20 
 
 sinus 
 
 27 
 
 taberna 
 
 rupes 
 rus 
 
 68 
 
 sitis , 
 
 17 
 
 tabes 
 
 22 
 
 soooles 
 
 68 
 
 tabula 
 
 
 
 sol 
 
 26 
 
 Tartarus 
 
 
 
 solertia 
 
 63 
 
 taurus 
 
 S 
 
 
 solium 
 
 66 
 
 tectum 
 
 
 
 solum 
 
 15 
 
 tegmen 
 
 saccus 
 
 10 
 
 s omnium 
 
 66 
 
 tela 
 
 sacerdos 
 
 69 
 
 somnus 
 
 11 
 
 tellus 
 
 sagitta 
 
 5 
 
 sonus 
 
 11 
 
 telum 
 
 sal 
 
 26 
 
 sopor 
 
 20 
 
 tempestas 
 
 salinum . 
 
 66 
 
 sordes 
 
 18 
 
 templum 
 
 salix 
 
 24 
 
 soror 
 
 20 
 
 tempus 
 
 saltus 
 
 73 
 
 sors 
 
 ]9 
 
 tempus 
 
 saltus 
 
 73 
 
 spatium 
 
 15 
 
 tenebrse 
 
 salus 
 
 19 
 
 speculum 
 
 66 
 
 tentorium 
 
 sanguis 
 
 17 
 
 specus 
 
 29 
 
 tergum 
 
 sapor 
 
 70 
 
 spelunca 
 
 28 
 
 tergus 
 
 sator 
 
 70 
 
 spes 
 
 28 
 
 terminus 
 
 saxum 
 
 14 
 
 spica 
 
 5 
 
 terra 
 
SUBSTANTIVES. 
 
 117 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 testa 
 
 6 
 
 unguis 
 
 testis 
 
 . 17 
 
 urbs 
 
 testudo 
 
 . 69 
 
 uva 
 
 theatrum 
 
 . 15 
 
 uxor 
 
 thesaurus 
 
 . 11 
 
 
 thus 
 
 . 22 
 
 
 tibia 
 
 . 63 
 
 \ 
 
 toga 
 
 6 
 
 
 torus 
 
 64 
 
 vacca 
 
 trabs 
 
 68 
 
 vadum 
 
 trames 
 
 69 
 
 vallis 
 
 tribus 
 
 27 
 
 vallus 
 
 tridens 
 
 68 
 
 valvse 
 
 triumphus 
 
 11 
 
 vapor 
 
 trivium 
 
 67 
 
 vas 
 
 truncus 
 
 11 
 
 vates 
 
 tuba 
 
 63 
 
 vectigal 
 
 tubus 
 
 11 
 
 velamen 
 
 tumultus 
 
 27 
 
 vellus 
 
 tumulus 
 
 64 
 
 velum 
 
 tunica 
 
 6 
 
 vena 
 
 turba 
 
 63 
 
 venenum 
 
 turbo 
 
 24 
 
 venia 
 
 turma 
 
 6 
 
 venter 
 
 turris 
 
 17 
 
 ventus 
 
 tut amen 
 
 70 
 
 ver 
 
 tyrannus 
 
 11 
 
 verber 
 
 verbum 
 
 verecundia 
 
 U 
 
 
 vermis 
 verna 
 
 uber 
 
 20 
 
 vertex 
 
 ulcus 
 
 22 
 
 veru 
 
 umbra 
 
 6 
 
 vesper 
 
 unda 
 
 6 
 
 vestis 
 
 pa#e 
 67 
 16 
 63 
 20 
 
 6 
 15 
 17 
 11 
 
 7 
 20 
 26 
 18 
 71 
 70 
 70 
 15 
 
 6 
 15 
 
 6 
 21 
 11 
 20 
 21 
 15 
 63 
 17 
 
 6 
 24 
 73 
 21 
 17 
 
 
 page 
 
 via 
 
 7 
 
 viator 
 
 . 70 
 
 victor 
 
 . 70 
 
 victus 
 
 . 73 
 
 vicus 
 
 . 11 
 
 villus 
 
 . 11 
 
 vinculum 
 
 . 67 
 
 vindemiator 
 
 . 70 
 
 vindex 
 
 . 24 
 
 vinum 
 
 15 
 
 vir 
 
 12 
 
 vires 
 
 26 
 
 virga 
 
 7 
 
 virgo 
 
 . 24 
 
 virtus 
 
 19 
 
 vis 
 
 17 
 
 viscus 
 
 22 
 
 vita 
 
 7 
 
 vitis 
 
 17 
 
 vitium 
 
 15 
 
 vitrum 
 
 15 
 
 vitta 
 
 28 
 
 vix 
 
 24 
 
 voluntas 
 
 68 
 
 voluntas 
 
 68 
 
 vomer 
 
 70 
 
 vortex 
 
 71 
 
 vox 
 
 26 
 
 vulgus 
 
 11 
 
 vulnus 
 
 22 
 
 vultus 
 
 73 
 
 Zephyrus 
 
 11 
 
ADJECTIVES. 
 
 Acer 
 
 adultus 
 
 seger 
 
 eemulus 
 
 sequus 
 
 cereus 
 
 seternus 
 
 aheneus 
 
 albus 
 
 alius 
 
 almus 
 
 alter 
 
 altus 
 
 amarus 
 
 ambiguus 
 
 ambo 
 
 ambrosius 
 
 amoenus 
 
 amens 
 
 amplus 
 
 angustus 
 
 antiquus 
 
 apricus 
 
 arctus 
 
 arduus 
 
 aridus 
 
 asper 
 
 ater 
 
 atrox 
 
 austerus 
 
 avius 
 
 baccatus 
 barbarus 
 bellus 
 bimus 
 
 page 
 38 
 30 
 36 
 30 
 30 
 74 
 30 
 74 
 30 
 30 
 30 
 35 
 30 
 74 
 30 
 36 
 30 
 30 
 77 
 30 
 30 
 30 
 30 
 74 
 30 
 74 
 35 
 36 
 38 
 30 
 74 
 
 74 
 30 
 30 
 74 
 
 blandus 
 bonus 
 brevis 
 brutus 
 
 page 
 30 
 30 
 36 
 31 
 
 csecus 
 
 31 
 
 cseter 
 
 35 
 
 calidus 
 
 74 
 
 callidus 
 
 74 
 
 calvus 
 
 . 31 
 
 candidus 
 
 74 
 
 canus 
 
 . 74 
 
 carus 
 
 31 
 
 castus 
 
 31 
 
 cavus 
 
 . 31 
 
 celeber 
 
 . 39 
 
 celer 
 
 39 
 
 celsus 
 
 74 
 
 centum 
 
 40 
 
 certus 
 
 31 
 
 clarus 
 
 31 
 
 claudus 
 
 31 
 
 clemens 
 
 38 
 
 comis # 
 
 76 
 
 compos 
 
 77 
 
 coruscus 
 
 31 
 
 crassus 
 
 31 
 
 creber 
 
 76 
 
 crispus 
 
 31 
 
 crudus 
 
 31 
 
 cruentus 
 
 74 
 
 cunctus 
 
 74 
 
 cupidus 
 
 74 
 
 debilis 
 
 36 
 
 decern 
 
 dec or us 
 
 demens 
 
 densus 
 
 dexter 
 
 dignus 
 
 dims 
 
 dis 
 
 disertus 
 
 dives 
 
 dubius 
 
 dulcis 
 
 duo 
 
 duplex 
 
 durus 
 
 ebrius 
 
 egenus 
 
 egregius 
 
 elegans 
 
 exanimis 
 
 exanimus 
 
 exiguus 
 
 exilis 
 
 expers 
 
 extremus 
 
 facetus 
 facilis 
 facundus 
 felix 
 
 festus 
 fidus 
 firmus 
 
ADJECTIVES. 
 
 119 
 
 flavus 
 
 foedus 
 
 fortis 
 
 frequens 
 
 fretus 
 
 fulvus 
 
 II 
 
 hebes 
 
 hibernus 
 
 hilaris 
 
 hirsutus 
 
 humilis 
 
 page 
 75 
 31 
 37 
 38 
 75 
 31 
 
 geminus 
 
 . 31 
 
 gnarus 
 
 32 
 
 gnavus 
 
 32 
 
 gracilis 
 
 37 
 
 grandis 
 
 37 
 
 grotus 
 
 32 
 
 gravis 
 
 37 
 
 juvems 
 
 lacer 
 Icetus 
 lsevus 
 largus 
 
 38 
 75 
 37 
 32 
 76 
 
 latus 
 
 lax us 
 
 lenis 
 
 lentus 
 
 lepidus 
 
 levis 
 
 liber 
 
 limpidus 
 
 locuples 
 
 longus 
 
 lubricus 
 
 luridus 
 
 M 
 
 idoneus 
 
 . 32 
 
 mancus 
 maturus 
 
 immanis 
 
 . 37 
 
 matutinus 
 
 imus 
 
 75 
 
 maximus 
 
 inanis 
 
 . 37 
 
 medius 
 
 inclytus 
 
 . 32 
 
 melior 
 
 incolumis 
 
 37 
 
 memor 
 
 ineptus 
 
 75 
 
 mendax 
 
 ingens 
 
 77' 
 
 merus 
 
 insignis 
 
 76 
 
 mille 
 
 insomnis 
 
 76 
 
 minimus 
 
 integer 
 
 36 
 
 minor 
 
 intimus 
 
 32 
 
 mirus 
 
 invitus 
 
 75 
 
 miser 
 mitis 
 
 J 
 
 
 mollis 
 multus 
 
 jejunus 
 
 32 
 
 mundus 
 
 jocundus 
 
 32 
 
 mutus 
 
 Justus 
 
 32 
 
 mutuus 
 
 madidus 
 magnus 
 major 
 malus 
 
 page 
 37 
 
 35 
 75 
 32 
 32 
 32 
 32 
 32 
 37 
 32 
 75 
 37 
 35 
 32 
 77 
 32 
 32 
 32 
 
 75 
 32 
 38 
 32 
 33 
 33 
 33 
 33 
 33 
 38 
 38 
 38 
 33 
 40 
 75 
 38 
 33 
 35 
 37 
 37 
 33 
 33 
 33 
 33 
 
 N 
 
 niger 
 
 nitidus 
 
 niveus 
 
 nobilis 
 
 novem 
 
 novus 
 
 nudus 
 
 O 
 
 obscurus 
 
 obvius 
 
 ocior 
 
 octo 
 
 omnis 
 
 onustus 
 
 opacus 
 
 opimus 
 
 ops 
 
 optimus 
 
 orbus 
 
 palans 
 
 pallidus 
 
 par 
 
 parcus 
 
 parvus 
 
 pauci 
 
 paulus 
 
 pauper 
 
 pavidus 
 
 pejor 
 
 pessimus 
 
 piger 
 
 pinguis 
 
 pius 
 
 planus 
 
 plenus 
 
 plerique 
 
 plurimus 
 
 plus 
 
 pos 
 
 prceceps 
 
 pravus 
 
 page 
 36 
 75 
 75 
 37 
 39 
 33 
 33 
 
 33 
 75 
 38 
 39 
 37 
 75 
 33 
 75 
 39 
 33 
 33 
 
 77 
 75 
 39 
 33 
 33 
 75 
 36 
 33 
 39 
 75 
 38 
 33 
 36 
 37 
 33 
 33 
 33 
 76 
 75 
 38 
 39 
 77 
 33 
 
120 
 
 
 ADJECTIVES. 
 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 primus 
 
 33 
 
 sanus 
 
 . 34 
 
 tot 
 
 privus 
 
 . 34 
 
 secretus 
 
 34 
 
 totus 
 
 probus 
 
 . 34 
 
 secundus 
 
 . 34 
 
 tranquillus 
 
 procax 
 
 . 38 
 
 securus 
 
 . 76 
 
 trepidus 
 
 profundus 
 
 . 75 
 
 sedulus 
 
 . 34 
 
 tres 
 
 promptus 
 
 . 34 
 
 senex 
 
 . 38 
 
 tristis 
 
 pronus 
 
 34 
 
 serenus 
 
 . 34 
 
 truncus 
 
 proprius 
 
 . 34 
 
 septem 
 
 . o9 
 
 trux 
 
 prosper 
 
 . 35 
 
 serus 
 
 34 
 
 turpis 
 
 proximus 
 
 . 34 
 
 severus 
 
 . 34 
 
 tutus 
 
 prudens 
 
 38 
 
 sex 
 
 . 39 
 
 
 publicus 
 
 . 34 
 
 siccus 
 
 34 
 
 u 
 
 pulcher 
 
 36 
 
 similis 
 
 37 
 
 
 purus 
 
 34 
 
 sincerus 
 
 . 34 
 
 udus 
 
 
 
 singulus 
 
 . 34 
 
 ullus 
 
 Q 
 
 
 sinister 
 
 36 
 
 ultimus 
 
 
 socius 
 
 34 
 
 uncus 
 
 
 
 solennis 
 
 77 
 
 
 qualis 
 
 37 
 
 solidus 
 
 34 
 
 unus 
 uter 
 utilis 
 uvidus 
 
 quantus 
 quatuor 
 quinque 
 
 34 
 39 
 39 
 
 solus 
 sons 
 spissus 
 
 34 
 
 38 
 
 . 34 
 
 quot 
 
 39 
 
 sterilis 
 
 37 
 
 
 
 
 strenuus 
 
 34 
 
 V 
 
 R 
 
 
 stultus 
 
 35 
 
 
 
 
 sua vis 
 
 37 
 
 vanus 
 
 rapidus 
 
 75 
 
 sublimis 
 
 37 
 
 varius 
 
 rarus 
 
 34 
 
 subtilis 
 
 37 
 
 vastus 
 
 raucus 
 
 34 
 
 summus 
 
 35 
 
 velivolus 
 
 recens 
 
 38 
 
 superbus 
 
 35 
 
 velox 
 
 reus 
 
 76 
 
 supinus 
 
 35 
 
 venustus 
 
 robustus 
 
 76 
 
 surdus 
 
 35 
 
 verus 
 
 ruber 
 
 36 
 
 
 
 vetus 
 
 rudis 
 
 37 
 
 T 
 
 
 vetustus 
 vicinus 
 
 
 
 talis 
 
 37 
 
 viduus 
 
 S 
 
 
 tantus 
 
 35 
 
 vigil 
 
 
 
 tener 
 
 36 
 
 viginti 
 
 sacer 
 
 36 
 
 tenuis 
 
 37 
 
 vilis 
 
 ssevus 
 
 34 
 
 teres 
 
 39 
 
 viridis 
 
 sagus 
 
 34 
 
 teter 
 
 36 
 
 virilis 
 
 salvus 
 
 76 
 
 torvus 
 
 76 
 
 volucer 
 
VERBS. 
 
 
 page 
 
 caleo 
 
 Abdo 
 
 81 
 
 calo 
 
 absum 
 
 82 
 
 candeo 
 
 aceo 
 
 46 
 
 cando 
 
 acuo 
 
 51 
 
 cano 
 
 adipiscor 
 
 54 
 
 capio 
 
 adsum 
 
 82 
 
 careo 
 
 adulor 
 
 45 
 
 carpo 
 
 agroto 
 
 78 
 
 castigo 
 
 cemulor 
 
 79 
 
 caveo 
 
 aestimo 
 
 41 
 
 cedo 
 
 ago 
 
 53 
 
 cello 
 
 aio 
 
 57 
 
 celo 
 
 alo 
 
 50 
 
 censeo 
 
 algeo 
 
 47 
 
 cerno 
 
 ambulo 
 
 41 
 
 certo 
 
 amicio 
 
 80 
 
 choo 
 
 amitto 
 
 . 81 
 
 cio 
 
 amo 
 
 41 
 
 cingo 
 
 amplector 
 
 . 83 
 
 clamo 
 
 angor 
 
 . 49 
 
 clango 
 
 annuo 
 
 . 81 
 
 claudo 
 
 aperio 
 
 . 56 
 
 clino 
 
 apto 
 
 . 41 
 
 coepi 
 
 aroeo 
 
 . 46 
 
 cogito 
 
 arcesso 
 
 . 83 
 
 cogo 
 
 ardeo 
 
 . 47 
 
 colo, avi 
 
 areo 
 
 . 46 
 
 colo, ui 
 
 arguo 
 
 . 51 
 
 comitor 
 
 aro 
 
 . 41 
 
 concilio 
 
 audeo 
 
 . 49 
 
 condo 
 
 audio 
 
 . 56 
 
 congruo 
 
 augeo 
 
 . 47 
 
 conficio 
 
 ausculto 
 
 41 
 
 conor 
 
 aveo 
 
 . 57 
 
 consulo 
 
 B 
 
 
 co quo 
 
 
 credo 
 
 beo 
 
 . 41 
 
 cremo 
 
 bibo 
 
 . 51 
 
 creo 
 
 bito 
 
 . 57 
 
 crepo 
 
 C 
 
 
 cresco 
 
 
 criminor 
 
 cado 
 
 . 54 
 
 crispo 
 
 csedo 
 
 . 54 
 
 cubo 
 
 cselo 
 
 . 41 
 
 cudo 
 
 page 
 45 
 41 
 46 
 51 
 54 
 53 
 46 
 53 
 41 
 43 
 53 
 54 
 41 
 45 
 52 
 41 
 41 
 56 
 50 
 41 
 50 
 53 
 41 
 57 
 42 
 81 
 42 
 50 
 79 
 42 
 81 
 81 
 82 
 79 
 50 
 50 
 54 
 42 
 42 
 44 
 52 
 79 
 78 
 44 
 51 
 
 
 page 
 
 cunctor 
 
 79 
 
 cupio 
 
 52 
 
 curro 
 
 54 
 
 D 
 
 
 debeo 
 
 45 
 
 decet 
 
 49 
 
 dedo 
 
 82 
 
 deficio 
 
 82 
 
 deleo 
 
 48 
 
 demo 
 
 81 
 
 desum 
 
 82 
 
 dico, avi 
 
 42 
 
 dico, xi 
 
 49 
 
 dignor 
 
 79 
 
 dimico 
 
 79 
 
 disco 
 
 54 
 
 divido 
 
 53 
 
 do 
 
 44 
 
 doceo 
 
 45 
 
 doleo 
 
 . 45 
 
 dominor 
 
 . 79 
 
 domo 
 
 . 44 
 
 dormio 
 
 . 56 
 
 duco 
 
 49 
 
 duo 
 
 . 51 
 
 E 
 
 
 edo 
 
 . 51 
 
 edo 
 
 . 82 
 
 egeo 
 
 . 46 
 
 emo 
 
 . 52 
 
 eo 
 
 . 56 
 
 epulor 
 
 79 
 
 erro 
 
 . 42 
 
 erudio 
 
 . 83 
 
 esurio 
 
 83 
 
 expedio 
 
 . 83 
 
 F 
 
 
 facio 
 
 . 53 
 
 fallo 
 
 . 54 
 
 fateor 
 
 . 48 
 
 fatigo 
 
 i 42 
 
122 
 
 VERBS. 
 
 
 page 
 
 H 
 
 
 fatisco 
 
 83 
 
 page 
 45 
 
 faveo 
 
 48 
 
 habeo 
 
 fendo 
 
 51 
 
 hsereo 
 
 47 
 
 feo 
 
 57 
 
 halo 
 
 42 
 
 ferio 
 
 57 
 
 haurio 
 
 56 
 
 fero 
 
 55 
 
 hio 
 
 42 
 
 ferveo 
 
 46 
 
 horreo 
 
 46 
 
 festino 
 
 42 
 
 hortor 
 
 45 
 
 fido 
 
 55 
 
 humeo 
 
 46 
 
 figo 
 
 49 
 
 
 
 findo 
 
 52 
 
 I 
 
 
 fingo 
 
 finio 
 
 fio 
 
 flagito 
 
 flagro 
 
 flecto 
 
 fleo 
 
 50 
 83 
 55 
 78 
 42 
 50 
 80 
 
 ico 
 
 imitor 
 
 immolo 
 
 impedio 
 
 impero 
 
 incolo 
 
 53 
 
 45 
 78 
 83 
 78 
 81 
 
 fligo 
 flo 
 
 49 
 42 
 
 incuso 
 indulgeo 
 
 78 
 47 
 
 fluo 
 
 50 
 
 inhibeo 
 
 80 
 
 fodio 
 
 for 
 
 foro 
 
 51 
 
 . 45 
 42 
 
 inquio 
 insulto 
 integro 
 
 57 
 78 
 
 78 
 
 foveo 
 
 48 
 
 intelligo 
 
 . 81 
 
 fragro 
 frango 
 fremo 
 
 . 42 
 53 
 50 
 
 intereo 
 
 interest 
 
 interficio 
 
 83 
 . 82 
 
 . 82 
 
 frico 
 
 . 44 
 
 inter imo 
 
 . 81 
 
 fruor 
 fugio 
 
 fygo 
 
 . 54 
 . 51 
 
 . 78 
 
 invenio 
 
 invito 
 
 irascor 
 
 84 
 . 42 
 . 79 
 
 fulcio 
 
 . 56 
 
 J 
 
 
 fulgeo 
 
 . 47 
 
 
 fundo 
 
 . 52 
 
 jaceo 
 
 45 
 
 fundo 
 
 . 78 
 
 jacio 
 
 53 
 
 fungor 
 
 . 54 
 
 jaculor 
 
 . 79 
 
 furo 
 
 . 57 
 
 jubeo 
 
 . 47 
 
 
 
 jubilo 
 
 . 42 
 
 G 
 
 
 jungo 
 
 . 50 
 
 
 
 jurgo 
 
 . 42 
 
 gaudeo 
 
 . 49 
 
 juro 
 
 42 
 
 gemo 
 
 . 50 
 
 juvo 
 
 44 
 
 gero 
 
 . 53 
 
 
 
 gestio 
 
 . 83 
 
 L 
 
 
 gigno 
 
 . 51 
 
 labor 
 
 i 50 
 
 glomero 
 
 . 78 
 
 lacio 
 
 . 50 
 
 glorior 
 
 . 79 
 
 lsedo 
 
 . 53 
 
 gradior 
 
 . 55 
 
 lator 
 
 . 80 
 
 guberno 
 
 . 42 
 
 lambo 
 
 . 51 
 
 gusto 
 
 . 52 
 
 langueo 
 
 . 46 
 
 lateo 
 
 latro 
 
 lavo 
 
 lego, avi 
 
 lego, i 
 
 libet 
 
 libo 
 
 libro 
 
 licet 
 
 ligo 
 
 lino 
 
 linquo 
 
 liqueo 
 
 loquor 
 
 luctor 
 
 lucubro 
 
 ludo 
 
 lugeo 
 
 luo 
 
 lustro 
 
 luxo 
 
 M 
 
 maceo 
 
 madeo 
 
 malo 
 
 mancipo 
 
 inando, avi 
 
 mando, si 
 
 maneo 
 
 mano 
 
 medeor 
 
 meditor 
 
 memini 
 
 mentior 
 
 meo 
 
 mercor 
 
 mereo 
 
 mergo 
 
 metior 
 
 meto 
 
 metuo 
 
 mico 
 
 migro 
 
 mineo 
 
 minor 
 
 minuo 
 
 miror 
 
 misceo 
 
 misereor 
 
VERBS. 
 
 123 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 mitto 
 
 53 
 
 ordior 
 
 57 
 
 populor 
 
 modulor 
 
 80 
 
 orior 
 
 57 
 
 porto 
 
 mcereo 
 
 80 
 
 orno 
 
 43 
 
 posco 
 
 mollio 
 
 83 
 
 oro 
 
 43 
 
 possum 
 
 molior 
 
 84 
 
 ostendo 
 
 51 
 
 postulo 
 
 moneo 
 
 46 1 
 
 ovo 
 
 78 
 
 potior 
 
 monstro 
 
 43 
 
 
 
 poto 
 
 raordeo 
 
 84 
 
 P 
 
 
 prceleo 
 
 morior 
 
 84 
 
 
 
 prceficio 
 
 moror . 
 
 80 
 
 paciscor 
 
 55 
 
 prcelior 
 
 moveo 
 
 48 
 
 palleo 
 
 46 
 
 prcesum 
 
 mugio 
 
 56 
 
 pando 
 
 51 
 
 prandeo 
 
 mulceo 
 
 47 
 
 pango 
 
 50 
 
 precor 
 
 muto 
 
 43 
 
 parco 
 
 64 
 
 prehendo 
 
 
 
 parco 
 
 46 
 
 premo 
 
 N 
 
 
 pario 
 
 54 
 
 prooo 
 
 
 
 paro 
 
 43 
 
 prodo 
 
 nanciscor 
 
 55 
 
 pasco 
 
 52 
 
 proficiscor 
 
 narro 
 
 43 
 
 pateo 
 
 46 
 
 promo 
 
 nascor 
 
 55 
 
 patior 
 
 52 
 
 propero 
 
 neco 
 
 79 
 
 paveo 
 
 . 48 
 
 prosum 
 
 necto 
 
 50 
 
 pecco 
 
 43 
 
 pudet 
 
 nego 
 
 43 
 
 pello, avi 
 
 . 43 
 
 pungo 
 
 niteo 
 
 46 
 
 pello, pepuli 
 
 54 
 
 punio 
 
 nitor 
 
 . 55 
 
 pendeo 
 
 , 48 
 
 purgo 
 
 niveo 
 
 . 43 
 
 penetro 
 
 . 43 
 
 puto 
 
 no 
 
 . 43 
 
 peragro 
 
 . 78 
 
 
 noceo 
 
 . 46 
 
 per cello 
 
 . 83 
 
 Q 
 
 nolo 
 
 . 81 
 
 percontor 
 
 . 80 
 
 qusero 
 
 nosco 
 
 . 52 
 
 perdo 
 
 . 82 
 
 quseso 
 
 noto 
 
 . 43 
 
 perco 
 
 . 83 
 
 quatio 
 
 nubo 
 
 . 53 
 
 pergo 
 
 . 81 
 
 queo 
 
 nuncio 
 
 . 43 
 
 perior 
 
 . 57 
 
 queror 
 
 nuo 
 
 . 51 
 
 peto 
 
 . 52 
 
 
 nutrio 
 
 . 56 
 
 piget 
 
 . 49 
 
 R 
 
 
 
 pingo 
 
 . 50 
 
 rado 
 
 O 
 
 
 pin so 
 
 . 60 
 
 rapio 
 
 
 
 placeo 
 
 . 46 
 
 recordor . 
 
 obliviscor 
 
 . 55 
 
 placo 
 
 . 43 
 
 reddo 
 
 obsideo 
 
 . 80 
 
 plaudo 
 
 . 53 
 
 refert 
 
 occido 
 
 . 82 
 
 plecto 
 
 . 50 
 
 rego 
 
 occido 
 
 . 82 
 
 pleo 
 
 . 43 
 
 reor 
 
 occulo 
 
 . 50 
 
 pllco 
 
 . 44 
 
 repo 
 
 odi 
 
 . 57 
 
 ploro 
 
 . 43 
 
 rideo 
 
 oleo, ui 
 
 . 46 
 
 pluo 
 
 . 51 
 
 rigeo 
 
 oleo, evi 
 
 . 48 
 
 polio 
 
 . 56 
 
 "go 
 
 opinor 
 
 . 85 
 
 polieo 
 
 . 57 
 
 rodo 
 
 oportet 
 
 . 49 
 
 polliceor 
 
 . 48 
 
 rogo 
 
 opperior 
 
 . 84 
 
 poenitet 
 
 . 49 
 
 rumpo 
 
 op to 
 
 . 43 
 
 pono 
 
 . 51 
 
 ruo 
 
VERBS. 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 page 
 
 
 page 
 
 s 
 
 
 sto 
 
 . 44 
 
 tumeo 
 
 . 47 
 
 
 
 strepo 
 
 . 50 
 
 tundo 
 
 . 54 
 
 salio 
 
 . 56 
 
 strideo 
 
 . 48 
 
 turbo 
 
 . 79 
 
 sancio 
 
 56 
 
 stringo 
 
 . 50 
 
 turgeo 
 
 . 47 
 
 sapio 
 
 . 56 
 
 struo 
 
 , 50 
 
 
 
 satago 
 
 . 81 
 
 studeo 
 
 . 47 
 
 U 
 
 
 saucio 
 
 . 79 
 
 stupeo 
 
 . 47 
 
 ulciscor 
 
 . 83 
 
 scando 
 
 . 51 
 
 suadeo 
 
 . 47 
 
 ululo 
 
 . 44 
 
 scindo 
 
 . 50 
 
 sudo 
 
 , 44 
 
 ungo 
 
 . 50 
 
 scio 
 
 . 56 
 
 sueo 
 
 . 48 
 
 urgeo 
 
 . 47 
 
 scribo 
 
 53 
 
 sum 
 
 . 55 
 
 uro 
 
 . 54 
 
 scrutor 
 
 . 45 
 
 sumo 
 
 . 53 
 
 utor 
 
 . 55 
 
 sculpo 
 
 . 53 
 
 suo 
 
 a 51 
 
 V 
 
 
 seeerno 
 
 . 81 
 
 supersum 
 
 . 82 
 
 
 seco 
 
 44 
 
 surgo 
 
 . 54 
 
 vaco 
 
 . 44 
 
 sector 
 
 80 
 
 
 
 vado 
 
 53 
 
 sedeo 
 
 48 
 
 T 
 
 
 vagor 
 
 45 
 
 sentio 
 
 56 
 
 
 
 valeo 
 
 47 
 
 sepelio 
 
 56 
 
 taceo 
 
 . 46 
 
 vasto 
 
 44 
 
 sepio 
 
 . 83 
 
 tsedet 
 
 . 49 
 
 vaticinor 
 
 80 
 
 sequor 
 
 55 
 
 tango 
 
 54 
 
 veho 
 
 50 
 
 sero, ui 
 
 50 
 
 tego 
 
 . 49 
 
 vello 
 
 52 
 
 sero, sevi 
 
 52 
 
 temno 
 
 53 
 
 vendo 
 
 54 
 
 servio 
 
 83 
 
 tempero 
 
 . 44 
 
 veneror 
 
 81 
 
 servo 
 
 43 
 
 tendo 
 
 54 
 
 venio 
 
 56 
 
 sido 
 
 51 
 
 teneo 
 
 46 
 
 venor 
 
 45 
 
 silco 
 
 47 
 
 ten to 
 
 79 
 
 vereor 
 
 49 
 
 sino 
 
 52 
 
 tepeo 
 
 47 
 
 verro 
 
 81 
 
 sisto 
 
 54 
 
 tergeo 
 
 46 
 
 verto 
 
 52 
 
 sitio 
 
 84 
 
 tero 
 
 52 
 
 vescor 
 
 83 
 
 soleo 
 
 49 
 
 terreo 
 
 46 
 
 vestigo 
 
 44 
 
 solor 
 
 45 
 
 testor 
 
 80 
 
 vestio 
 
 84 
 
 solvo 
 
 52 
 
 texo 
 
 51 
 
 veto 
 
 44 
 
 sopio 
 
 84 
 
 timeo 
 
 47 
 
 vibro 
 
 44 
 
 sorbeo 
 
 46 
 
 tingo 
 
 50 
 
 video 
 
 48 
 
 sortior 
 
 84 
 
 tolero 
 
 44 
 
 vigeo 
 
 47 
 
 spargo 
 
 53 
 
 tollo 
 
 55 
 
 vincio 
 
 56 
 
 specio 
 
 50 
 
 tondeo 
 
 48 
 
 vinco 
 
 53 
 
 sperno 
 
 52 
 
 tono 
 
 44 
 
 vireo 
 
 47 
 
 spero 
 
 43 
 
 torpeo 
 
 47 
 
 vito 
 
 44 
 
 spiro 
 
 43 
 
 torque o 
 
 47 
 
 vivo 
 
 50 
 
 splendeo 
 
 47 
 
 torreo 
 
 46 
 
 voco 
 
 45 
 
 spondeo 
 
 48 
 
 tracto 
 
 79 
 
 volo, avi 
 
 44 
 
 squaleo 
 
 47 
 
 trado 
 
 82 
 
 volo, ui 
 
 55 
 
 statuo 
 
 51 
 
 traho 
 
 50 
 
 volvo 
 
 52 
 
 sterno 
 
 52 
 
 tremo 
 
 50 
 
 vomo 
 
 50 
 
 stingo 
 
 50 
 
 tribuo 
 
 51 
 
 voro 
 
 44 
 
 stino 
 
 44 
 
 trudo 
 
 53 
 
 voveo 
 
 48 
 
 stipo 
 
 44 
 
 tueor 
 
 48 1 
 
 vulgo [ . 
 
 79 
 
 P. P. Thorns, Printer, Warwick Square. 
 
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