i. A 
 
 p. .
 
 LUCIAN'S 
 TRUE HISTORY
 
 25 1 Copies printed. 
 No.JAJf.
 
 LUCIAN'S TRUE HISTORY 
 
 TRANSLATED BY FRANCIS HICKES ILLUS- 
 TRATED BY WILLIAM STRANG J - B - CLARK 
 AND AUBREY BEARDSLEY WITH AN IN- 
 TRODUCTION BY CHARLES WHIBLEY 
 
 LONDON 
 
 PRIVATELY PRINTED 
 
 MDCCCXCIV
 
 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 7i> face page 
 AFTER THE TEMPEST (STRANG) . . . .15 
 
 ADORATION (CLARK) 17 
 
 "A SNARE OF VINTAGE" (BEARDSLKY) ... 23 
 
 SPIDERS OF MIGHTY BIGNESS (STRANG) . . 41 
 
 THE BATTLE OF THE TURNIPS (CLARK) . . 43 
 
 THE SUPPER OF FISH (STRANG) .... 89 
 
 UNDERPROPPING THE WHALE'S CHOPS (CLARK) 125 
 
 SOCRATES' GARDEN (CLARK) 179 
 
 THE BANQUET OF BEANS (STRANG) . . .181 
 
 THE PILLAR OF BERYLSTONE (CLARK) . . 193 
 
 OWLS AND POPPIES (STRANG) 205 
 
 DREAMS (BEARDSLEY) . ' 209 
 
 THE HALCYON'S NEST (STRANG) . . . .225 
 
 THE FLOATING FOREST (CLARK) . . . . 229 
 
 THE ISLAND WOMEN (STRANG) 241 
 
 WATER INCARNADINE (CLARK) .... 245
 
 I NTRODUCTION. 
 
 IT is a commonplace of criticism that Lucian 
 was the first of the moderns, but in truth he 
 is near to our time because of all the ancients 
 he is nearest to his own. With Petronius he 
 shared the discovery that there is material for 
 literature in the debased and various life of 
 every day that to the seeing eye the indi- 
 vidual is more wonderful in colour and com- 
 plexity than the severely simple abstraction of 
 the poets. He replaced the tradition, respected 
 of his fathers, by an observation more vivid 
 and less pedantic than the note-book of the 
 naturalist. He set the world in the dry 
 light of truth, and since the vanity of man-
 
 viii INTRODUCTION. 
 
 kind is a constant factor throughout the ages, 
 there is scarce a page of Lucian's writing that 
 wears the faded air of antiquity. His person- 
 ages are as familiar to-day as they were in the 
 second century, because, with his pitiless deter- 
 mination to unravel the tangled skein of human 
 folly, he never blinded his vision to their true 
 qualities. And the multiplicity of his interest 
 is as fresh as his penetration. Nothing came 
 amiss to his eager curiosity. For the first time 
 in the history of literature (with the doubtful 
 exception of Cicero) we encounter a writer whose 
 ceaseless activity includes the world. While 
 others had declared themselves poets, histo- 
 rians, philosophers, Lucian comes forth as a 
 man of letters. Had he lived to-day, he 
 would have edited a newspaper, written leading 
 articles, and kept his name ever before the 
 public in the magazines. For he possessed 
 the qualities, if he avoided the defects, of the 
 journalist. His phrase had not been worn by
 
 INTRODUCTION. ix 
 
 constant use to imbecility ; his sentences were 
 not marred by the association of commonness ; 
 his style was still his own and fit for the 
 expression of a personal view. But he noted 
 such types and incidents as make an imme- 
 diate, if perennial, appeal, and to study him is 
 to be convinced that literature and journalism 
 are not necessarily divorced. 
 
 The profession was new, and with the joy of 
 the innovator Lucian was never tired of invent- 
 ing new genres. Romance, criticism, satire he 
 mastered them all. In Toxaris and The Ass he 
 proves with what delicacy and restraint he could 
 handle the story. His ill-omened apprentice- 
 ship to a sculptor gave him that taste and 
 feeling for art which he turned to so admirable 
 an account. He was, in fact, the first of the 
 art-critics, and he pursued the craft with an 
 easy unconsciousness of the heritage he be- 
 queathed to the world. True, he is silent 
 concerning the technical practice of the Greeks;
 
 x INTRODUCTION. 
 
 true, he leaves us in profound ignorance of the 
 art of Zeuxis, whose secrets he might have 
 revealed, had he been less a man of letters. 
 But he found in painting and sculpture an 
 opportunity for elegance of phrase, and we 
 would forgive a thousand shortcomings for such 
 inspirations of beauty as the smile of Sosandra: 
 ro ftstMafiu o-spvov xa,} fahtjdog. In literary criticism 
 he was on surer ground, and here also he 
 leaves the past behind. His knowledge of 
 Greek poetry was profound ; Homer he had 
 by heart ; and on every page he proves his 
 sympathies by covert allusion or precise quota- 
 tion. His treatise concerning the Writing of 
 History* preserves its force irresistible after 
 seventeen centuries, nor has the wisdom of the 
 ages impeached or modified this lucid argument. 
 With a modest wit he compares himself to 
 Diogenes, who, when he saw his fellow-citizens 
 busied with the preparations of war, gathered 
 
 Sa IffTopiav
 
 INTRODUCTION. xi 
 
 his skirts about him and fell to rolling his tub 
 up and down. So Lucian, unambitious of 
 writing history, sheltered himself from " the 
 waves and the smoke," and was content to 
 provide others with the best of good counsel. 
 Yet such is the irony of accident that, as 
 Lucian's criticism has outlived the masterpieces 
 of Zeuxis, so the historians have snatched 
 an immortality from his censure ; and let it 
 be remembered for his glory that he used 
 Thucydides as a scourge wherewith to beat 
 impostors. But matters of so high import did 
 not always engross his humour, and in The 
 Illiterate Book-buyer* he satirizes a fashion of 
 the hour and of all time with a courage and 
 brutality which tear the heart out of truth. 
 How intimately does he realize his victim ! 
 And how familiar is this same victim in his 
 modern shape ! You know the very streets 
 he haunts ; you know the very shops wherein 
 
 KOI TroAXa )3</3Am uvo6/uevov.
 
 xii INTRODUCTION. 
 
 he is wont to acquire his foolish treasures ; 
 you recognize that not by a single trait 
 has Lucian dishonoured his model. In yet 
 another strange instance Lucian anticipated 
 the journalist of to-day. Though his disciples 
 know it not, he invented the interview. In 
 that famous visit to the Elysian Fields, which 
 is a purple patch upon his masterpiece, The 
 True History, he " went to talk with Homer 
 the Poet, our leisure serving us both well," 
 and he put precisely those questions which 
 the modern hack, note-book in hand, would 
 seek to resolve. First, remembering the seven 
 cities, he would know of Homer what father- 
 land claimed him, and when the poet " said 
 indeed he was a Babylonian, and among his 
 own countrymen not called Homer but Tigra- 
 nes," Lucian straightly " questioned him about 
 those verses in his books that are disallowed as 
 not of his making ; " whereto Homer replied 
 with a proper condemnation of Zenodotus and
 
 INTRODUCTION. xiii 
 
 Aristarchus. And you wonder whether Lucian 
 is chastising his contemporaries or looking 
 with the eye of a prophet into the future. 
 
 But even more remarkable than his many- 
 coloured interest is Lucian's understanding. 
 He was, so to say, a perfect Intelligencelthrown 
 by accident into an age of superstition and cre- 
 dulity. It is not only that he knew all things : 
 he saw all things in their right relation. If 
 the Pagan world had never before been con- 
 scious of itself, it had no excuse to harbour 
 illusions after his coming. Mr. Pater speaks 
 of the intellectual light he turned upon dim 
 places, and truly no corner of life escaped the 
 gleam of his lantern. Gods, philosophers, 
 necromancers, yielded up their secrets to his 
 enquiry. With pitiless logic he criticized 
 their extravagance and pretension; and actively 
 anticipating the spirit of modern science, he 
 accepted no fact, he subscribed to no theory, 
 which he had not examined with a cold irnpar-
 
 xiv INTRODUCTION. 
 
 tiality. Indeed, he was Scepticism in human 
 shape, but as the weapon of his destruction is 
 always raillery, as he never takes either himself 
 or his victims with exaggerated seriousness, 
 you may delight in his attack, even though 
 you care not which side wins the battle. His 
 wit was as mordant as Heine's own ; is it 
 fantastical to suggest that Lucian too carried 
 Hebrew blood in his veins ? yet when 
 the onslaught is most unsparing he is still 
 joyous. For a gay contempt, not a bitter hatred, 
 is the note of his satire. And for the very 
 reason that his scepticism was felt, that it 
 sprang from a close intimacy with the follies 
 of his own time, so it is fresh and familiar 
 to an age that knows not Zeus. Not even the 
 Dialogues of the Gods are out of date, for if 
 we no longer reverence Olympus, we still blink 
 our eyes at the flash of ridicule. And 
 might not the Philopseudes, that masterly 
 analysis of ghostly terrors, might not
 
 INTRODUCTION. xv 
 
 Alexander the False Prophet, have been 
 written yesterday? 
 
 And thus we arrive at Lucian's weakness. 
 In spite of its brilliance and flippancy, his 
 scepticism is at times over-intelligent. His 
 good sense baffles you by its infallibility ; his 
 sanity is so magnificently beyond question, 
 that you pray for an interlude of unreason. 
 The sprightliness of his wit, the alertness 
 of his fancy, mitigate the perpetual Tightness 
 of his judgment. But it must be confessed 
 that for all his delicate sense of ridicule he 
 cherished a misguided admiration of the 
 truth. If only he had understood the joy of 
 self-deception, if only he had realized more 
 often (as he realized in The Ass\ the delight 
 of throwing probability to the winds, we had 
 regarded him with a more constant affection. 
 His capital defect sprang from a lack of the 
 full-blooded humour which should at times 
 have led him into error. And yet by an irony 
 
 b
 
 xvi INTRODUCTION. 
 
 it was this very love of truth which suggested 
 The True History, that enduring masterpiece 
 of phantasy. Setting out to prove his hatred 
 of other men's lies, he shows himself on the 
 road the greatest liar of them all. "The father 
 and founder of all this foolery was Homer's 
 Ulysses " : thus he writes in his Preface, 
 confessing that in a spirit of emulation he 
 " turned his style to publish untruths," but 
 with an honester mind, " for this one thing 
 I confidently pronounce for a truth, that I 
 lie." Such is the spirit of the work, nor 
 is there the smallest doubt that Lucian, once 
 embarked upon his voyage, slipped from his 
 ideal, to enjoy the lying for its own sake. 
 If The True History fails as a parody, that 
 is because we care not a jot for Ctesias, 
 lambulus and the rest, at whom the satire 
 is levelled. Its fascination, in fact, is due to 
 those same qualities which, in others, its author 
 affected to despise. The facile variety of its
 
 INTRODUCTION. xvii 
 
 invention can scarce be matched in literature, 
 and the lies are told with so delightful an 
 unconcern, that belief is never difficult. Nor 
 does the narrative ever flag. It ends at 
 the same high level of falsehood in which 
 it has its beginning. And the credibility is 
 increased by the harmonious consistency of 
 each separate lie. At the outset the traveller 
 discovers a river of wine, and forthwith travels 
 up stream to find the source, and "when we 
 were come to the head " (to quote Hickes's 
 translation), " no spring at all appeared, but 
 mighty vine-trees of infinite number, which 
 from their roots distilled pure wine, which 
 made the river run so abundantly." So con- 
 clusive is the explanation, that you only would 
 have wondered had the stream been of water. 
 And how admirable is the added touch that 
 he who ate fish from the river was made 
 drunk ! Then by a pleasant gradation you 
 are carried on from the Hippogypians, or the 
 
 b 2
 
 xviii INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Riders of Vultures, every feather in whose 
 wing is bigger and longer than the mast of 
 a tall ship, from the fleas as big as twelve 
 elephants, to those spiders of mighty bigness, 
 every one of which exceeded in size an isle of 
 the Cyclades. "These were appointed to spin 
 a web in the air between the Moon and the 
 Morning Star, which was done in an instant, 
 and made a plain champaign, upon which the 
 foot forces were planted." Truly a very 
 Colossus of falsehood, but Lucian's ingenuity 
 is inexhausted and inexhaustible, and the 
 mighty Whale is his masterpiece of impu- 
 dence. For he " contained in greatness fifteen 
 hundred furlongs " ; his teeth were taller 
 than beech-trees, and when he swallowed the 
 travellers, he showed himself so far superior to 
 Jonah's fish, that ship and all sailed down 
 his throat, and happily he caught not the 
 pigmy shallop between his chops. And the 
 geographical divisions of the Whale's belly, and
 
 INTRODUCTION. xix 
 
 Lucian's adventures therein, are they not set 
 down with circumstantial verity ? Then there 
 is the episode of the frozen ship, and the sea of 
 milk, with its well-pressed cheese for an island, 
 which reminds one of the Elizabethan madri- 
 gal: "If there were O an Hellespont of Cream." 
 Moreover, the verisimilitude is enhanced by 
 a scrupulously simple style. No sooner is 
 the preface concerning lying at an end than 
 Lucian lapses into pure narrative. A wealth 
 of minutely considered detail gives an air of 
 reality to the most monstrous impossibility ; 
 the smallest facts are explicitly divulged ; 
 the remote accessories described with order 
 and impressiveness ; so that the wildest inven- 
 tion appears plausible, even inevitable, and you 
 know that you are in company with the very 
 genius of falsehood. Nor does this wild diver- 
 sity of invention suggest romance. It is still 
 classic in style and shape ; not a phrase nor a 
 word is lost ; and expression, as always in the
 
 xx INTRODUCTION. 
 
 classics, is reduced to its lowest terms. But 
 when the travellers reach the Islands of the 
 Blessed, the style takes on a colour and a 
 beauty which it knew not before. A fragrant 
 air breathed upon them, as of " roses, daffodils, 
 gillyflowers, lilies, violets, myrtles, bays, and 
 blossoms of vines." Happy also was the Isle 
 
 to look upon : tvQa. dq KOU xaOecagupev hipevcig re 
 
 ico'k\Qvq Kegl voiffciv axKvffrovg xcu peya,hov$, 
 
 re ^tavyelq l%iovrot$ qgipa e$ rqv dctKctrrav' In 
 
 xcx,} yXaj %,} ogvsa fAovrixoe,, rot. fttv tiri ruv 
 
 ^ ruv Kaav' ciqg re 
 
 KCX,} evwovg ffegiexe^vro r^v ")(upnv '. "a. still 
 and gentle air compassing the whole country." 
 Where will you find a more vivid impression 
 of elegance and serenity? or where match "the 
 melody of the branches, like the sound of 
 wind instruments in a solitary place " 
 xXuduv zivoupivuv regirvu, xou <rvve%ij piK 
 ioixoroc, rois eir' egyptus etuXrjfAoiri ruv ir\a,yiuv 
 
 And when the splendour of the city breaks
 
 INTRODUCTION. xxi 
 
 upon you, with its smaragdus, its cinnamon- 
 tree, its amethyst, ivory, and beryl, the 
 rich barbarity suggests Solomon's Temple, or 
 the City of the Revelation. Its inhabitants 
 are the occasion of infinite jesting, and again 
 and again does Lucian satirize the philoso- 
 phers, his dearest foes. Socrates was in danger 
 of being thrust forth by Rhadamanthus, qv 
 
 while as for Diogenes the Sinopean, so pro- 
 foundly was he changed from his old estate, 
 that he had married Lais the Harlot. The 
 journey to Hell is another excuse to gird at 
 the historians. The severest torments were 
 inflicted, says Lucian, upon Ctesias the Cni- 
 dian, Herodotus and many others, which the 
 writer beholding " was put in great hopes that 
 I should never have anything to do there, for I 
 do not know that ever I spake any untruth in 
 my life." And yet with all his irony, all his 
 scorn, Lucian has ever a side-glance at litera-
 
 xxii INTRODUCTION. 
 
 ture. The verse of Homer is constantly upon 
 his lips, and it is from Homer that the Gods 
 take their ditties in the Elysian fields. Again, 
 when the traveller visits the city of Nephelo- 
 coccygia, it is but to think upon the poet 
 Aristophanes, " how wise a man he was, and 
 how true a reporter, and how little cause there 
 is to question his fidelity for what he hath 
 written." 
 
 Such is the work which, itself a masterpiece, 
 has been a pattern and an exemplar unto 
 others. If Utopia and its unnumbered rivals 
 derive from Plato, there is not a single 
 Imaginary Traveller that is not modelled 
 upon Lucian. The True History was, in 
 effect, the beginning of a new literature. Not 
 only was its framework borrowed, not only 
 was its habit of fantastic names piously 
 imitated, but the disciples, like the master, 
 turned their voyages to the purpose of satire. 
 It was Rabelais who made the first adaptation,
 
 INTRODUCTION. xxiii 
 
 for, while Epistemon's descent into Hell was 
 certainly suggested by Lucian, Pantagruel's 
 voyage is an ample travesty of The True His- 
 tory, and Lanternland, the home of the Lych- 
 nobii, is but Lychnopolis, Lucian's own City 
 of Lights. The seventeenth century discovered 
 another imitator in Cyrano de Bergerac, whose 
 tepid Voyage dans la Lune is interesting 
 merely because it is a link in the chain that 
 unites Lucian with Swift. Yet the book had an 
 immense popularity, and Cyrano's biographer 
 has naught to say of the original traveller, 
 save that he told his story "avec beaucoup 
 moins de vraisemblance et de gentilesse 
 d'imagination que M. de Bergerac." An 
 astounding judgment surely, which time has 
 already reversed. And then came Gulliver's 
 Travels, incomparably the greatest descendant 
 of The True History. To what excellent pur- 
 pose Swift followed his Lucian is proved alike 
 by the amazing probability of his narrative,
 
 xxiv INTRODUCTION. 
 
 and the cruelty of his satire. Like Lucian, he 
 professed an unveiled contempt for philoso- 
 phers and mathematicians ; unlike Lucian, he 
 made his imaginary journey the occasion for a 
 fierce satire upon kings and politicians. But 
 so masterly is the narrative, so convincing the 
 reality of Lilliput and Brobdignag, that Gul- 
 liver retains its hold upon our imagination, 
 though the meaning of its satire is long since 
 blunted. Swift's work came to astonish the 
 world in ,1727, and some fourteen years later 
 in the century Holberg astonished the wits of 
 Denmark with a satire cast in Lucian's mould. 
 Nicolai Klimii Iter Subterraneum thus ran 
 the title, and from Latin the book was trans- 
 lated into every known tongue. The city of 
 walking trees, the home of the Potuans, and 
 many another invention, prove Holberg's debt 
 to the author of The True History. And if 
 the genre is dead to-day, it is dead because 
 the most intrepid humourist would hesitate
 
 INTRODUCTION. xxv 
 
 to walk in the footsteps of Lemuel Gul- 
 liver. 
 
 Fortunate in his imitators, Lucian has been 
 not wholly unfortunate in his translators. Not 
 even envy could pick a quarrel with Francis 
 Hickes, whose Englishing of The True History 
 is here reprinted. The book appeared, under 
 the auspices of Hickes's son, in 1634, four 
 years after the translator's death. Thus it is 
 described on the title-page : " Certaine Select 
 Dialogues of Lucian together with his True 
 Historie, translated from the Greeke into 
 English by Mr. Francis Hickes. Whereunto 
 is added the Life of Lucian gathered out of 
 his own Writings, with briefe Notes and Illus- 
 trations upon each Dialogue and Booke, by 
 T. H. Master of Arts, of Christ Church in 
 Oxford. Oxford, Printed by William Turner. 
 1634." Composed with a certain dignity, it 
 is dedicated " to the Right Worshipfull Dr. 
 Duppa, Deane of Christ-Church, and Vice-
 
 xxvi INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Chancellor of the famous Universitie in Ox- 
 ford." And the work reflects a wholesome 
 glory upon the famous University. For it is 
 the work of a scholar, who knew both the lan- 
 guages. Though his diction lacked the spirit 
 and colour which distinguish the splendid 
 versions of North and Holland, he was far 
 more keenly conscious of his original than were 
 those masters of prose. Not only did he, unlike 
 North, translate directly from the Greek, but he 
 followed his original with loyalty and patience. 
 In brief, his Lucian is a miracle of suitability. 
 The close simplicity of Hickes fits the classical 
 restraint of The True History to admiration. 
 As the Greek is a model of narrative, so you 
 cannot read the English version without think- 
 ing of the incomparable Hakluyt. Thirty 
 years after the first printing of the translation, 
 Jasper Mayne published his " Part of Lucian 
 made English," wherein he added sundry 
 versions of his own to the work already
 
 INTRODUCTION. xxvii 
 
 accomplished by Francis Hickes. And in his 
 " Epistle Dedicatory " he discusses the art of 
 translation with an intelligence which proves 
 how intimately he realized the excellent 
 quality of Hicks's version. " For as the 
 Painter," thus Jasper Mayne, " who would 
 draw a man of a bald head, rumpled fore- 
 head, copper nose, pigge eyes, and ugly face, 
 draws him not to life, nor doth the business 
 of his art, if he draw him less deformed or 
 ugly than he is ; or as he who would draw 
 a faire, amiable lady, limbes with an erring 
 pencil, and drawes a libell, not a face, if he 
 gives her not just features, and perfections : 
 So in the Translation of Bookes, he who 
 makes a dull author elegant and quick ; or 
 a sharp, elegant author flat, rustick, rude and 
 dull, by contrary wayes, commits the same 
 sinne, and cannot be said to translate, but 
 to transforme." That is sound sense, and 
 judged by the high standard of Jasper Mayne,
 
 xxviii INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Francis Hickes has most valliantly acquitted 
 himself. 
 
 He was the son of Richard Hickes, an arras- 
 weaver of Barcheston, in Warwickshire, and 
 after taking the degree of bachelor in the 
 University of Oxford, which he entered in 
 1579, at the age of thirteen, he was diverted 
 (says Thomas, his son) " by a country retire- 
 ment." Henceforth he devoted his life to 
 husbandry and Greek. Besides Lucian, he 
 translated Thucydides and Herodian, the 
 manuscripts of which are said to survive in 
 the library of Christ-Church. Possibly it 
 was his long retirement that gave a turn of 
 pedantry to his mind. It was but natural that 
 in his remote garden he should exaggerate 
 the importance of the knowledge acquired in 
 patient solitude. But certain it is that the 
 notes wherewith he decorated his margins are 
 triumphs of inapposite erudition. When Lu- 
 cian describes the famous cobwebs, each one
 
 INTRODUCTION. xxix 
 
 of which was as big as an island of the 
 Cyclades, Hickes thinks to throw light upon 
 the text with this astonishing irrelevancy : 
 "They are in the Aegean Sea, in number 
 13." The foible is harmless, nay pleasant, 
 and consonant with the character of the 
 learned recluse. Thus lived Francis Hickes, 
 silent and unknown, until in 1630 he died at 
 a kinsman's house at Sutton in Gloucester- 
 shire. And you regret that his glory was 
 merely posthumous. For, pedant as he was, 
 he made known to his countrymen the enemy 
 of all the pedants, and turned a masterpiece 
 of Greek into English as sound and scholarly 
 as is found in any translator of his time.
 
 LUCIAN'S 
 TRUE HISTORY.
 
 AAH0OT2 I2TOPIA2 
 
 AOTOZ IIPQTOZ. 
 
 
 i. QcTTrep Tolq aQXy-ciKol*; Kai ire pi 
 
 ov r 
 
 ajv (f)poi>Ti<; 
 
 <rrw 9 oiXXa K&I ry$ Kara Kaipov yivo- 
 avecrea)$ 
 
 TO (AeyicrTOv avrvjv 
 jrepi 
 
 
 irpovyKeiv fiera ryv TroXXyv 
 
 avievai re 
 
 TOV 7TlTa
 
 LUCIAN: 
 
 HIS TRUE HISTORY. 
 
 EVEN as champions and wrestlers and such The Proem - 
 as practise the strength and agility of body 
 are not only careful to retain a sound con- 
 stitution of health, and to hold on their 
 ordinary course of exercise, but sometimes The mind 
 
 J requires some 
 
 recreation as 
 
 also to recreate themselves with seasonable dl as the 
 
 body. 
 
 intermission, and esteem it as a main point 
 of their practice ; so I think it necessary for 
 scholars and such as addict themselves to the 
 study of learning, after they have travelled 
 long in the perusal of serious authors, to 
 relax a little the intention of their thoughts, 
 that they may be more apt and able to endure 
 a continued course of study. 
 
 B 2
 
 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 2. 
 
 2. YevoiTO ' av e 
 
 
 el Tolq TOIOVTOH; rcov 
 
 a /JUTJ p,ovov eK rov acrrelov re 
 
 ylav, oiXXa Tiva K.CLI Oecoplav QVK (L 
 
 o/ov T/ Kai jrepi rcovSe 
 
 fypovycreiv v7roXa/A/3avo} ' ov 
 
 yap [Aovov TO Bevov lyq vTroOecreax; ov$e TO 
 
 ov$ OTI 
 T KCH ev(L\y}d(jL>$ e^evTjvo^CLfjjev^ aXX' OTI 
 
 K(Ll TCOV IdTOOVAeVGDV eKMCTTOV QVK 
 
 irpoq Tivaq yviKTUi Tcov 
 
 T KCLl (7Va()6(*)l> KCLl 
 
 Tpao~Tia xai 
 
 , ovq KCLI ovop J oij<JTi av eyp&fyov, el ^
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 
 
 And this kind of repose will be the more 
 conformable, and fit their purpose better, if it 
 be employed in the reading of such works as 
 shall not only yield a bare content by the *Ji?/ 
 
 history. 
 
 pleasing and comely composure of them, but 
 shall also give occasion of some learned specula- 
 tion to the mind, which I suppose I have 
 effected in these books of mine : wherein not 
 only the novelty of the subject, nor the pleasing- 
 ness of the project, may tickle the reader with 
 delight, nor to hear so many notorious lies 
 delivered persuasively and in the way of truth, 
 but because everything here by me set down 
 doth in a comical fashion glance at some or 
 other of the old poets, historiographers, and 
 philosophers, which in their writings have 
 recorded many monstrous and intolerable 
 untruths, whose names I would have quoted
 
 AAH6OY2 IZTOPIAZ. A. 3. 
 
 KOI avroj croi K 
 
 a^ o KTV)O'IO%OV o Ky//0 crvve- 
 
 3. 
 
 ire pi tyc, 'l^&cov %(Dpaq KCM 
 Trap avTols a /Ayre avTO$ e/Se 
 
 KCLI 
 
 y/KOvcrev. eypastye 6 
 
 TOJV ev 
 
 TO 
 
 , OVK 
 
 
 vTrode&iv. TToXXo} 6 KOA aXXoi ra 
 
 avra 
 
 re 
 
 
 Se avTo7 KCLI
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 7 
 
 down, but that I knew the reading would 
 bewray them to you. 
 
 Ctesias, the son of Ctesiochus, the Cnidian, 
 
 30 books of the 
 
 wrote of the region of the Indians and the 
 state of those countries, matters which he 
 neither saw himself, nor ever heard come from 
 the mouth of any man. lambulus also wrote 
 many strange miracles of the great sea, which 
 all men knew to be lies and fictions, yet so 
 composed that they want not their delight : 
 and many others have made choice of the 
 like argument, of which some have published 
 their own travels and peregrinations, wherein 
 they have described the greatness of beasts, 
 the fierce condition of men, with their strange 
 and uncouth manner of life : but the first 
 father and founder of all this foolery was
 
 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. A. 4. 
 
 o TOV 
 
 ne pi TOV 'AXK/VOVV ^tyyoifAevoq dvefAWv re 
 
 KOI 
 
 
 ayplovq iivac, <iv6pantov$ 9 er/ Se TroXv- 
 l^cfja KCM rag VTTO (f)ap{AaKO)v 
 
 eralpcov j&Ta/3oXa$, oia, TroXXa Kivo<; 
 
 
 4. TOVT01 OVV VtV(Ji,V O7Ta(7l TOV 
 
 ov 
 
 opcov vfiy) viivyOeq ov TOVTO Kai TO!<; (f)iXo- 
 
 el evo/Aiuav Xyo-eiv OVK 
 
 VTTO 
 
 TI 
 
 wo*
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 9 
 
 Homer's Ulysses, who tells a long tale to o<fya. 9, 
 Alcinous of the servitude of the winds, and of 
 wild men with one eye in their foreheads that 
 fed upon raw flesh, of beasts with many 
 heads and the transformation of his friends ram 
 
 capitis popu- 
 
 by enchanted potions, all which he made the putmnt? 
 
 JUVEN. 
 
 silly Phaeakes believe for great sooth. 
 
 This coming to my perusal, I could not con- 
 demn ordinary men for lying, when I saw it in 
 request amongst them that would be counted 
 philosophical persons : yet could not but 
 wonder at them, that, writing so manifest lies, 
 they should not think to be taken with the 
 manner ; and this made me also ambitious to 
 leave some monument of myself behind me, 
 that I might not be the only man exempted 
 from this liberty of lying : and because I had
 
 io 
 
 AAH0OY2 IZTOPIAZ. A. 5. 
 
 ev raj [Jijv6o\ojiv 
 
 eirei 
 
 jap 
 
 TTI TO 
 
 vyvu>[AOveo"Tpov " KCLV ev jap 
 
 Soy TOVTO 
 ovro) 8' av 
 
 Aeyow, on 
 
 S 
 
 OATCO Kai TV/V Ttap 
 
 a 
 
 KaTTjjopav 
 
 avrog 
 
 \eyeiv. 
 
 TOIVVV 
 
 
 e/ov 
 
 7ra6ov 
 
 Trap 
 
 en 
 
 VYJV 
 
 S/o 
 
 avroig. 
 
 5. Qp/j/f]6eis jap TTore airo ' 
 
 v Kai afyetq $ TOV eaTtepiov co 
 
 I
 
 TRUE HISTORY. u 
 
 no matter of verity to employ my pen in (for 
 nothing hath befallen me worth the writing), 
 I turned my style to publish untruths, ^but 
 with an honester mind than others have done : 
 for this one thing I confidently pronounce for 
 a truth, that I lie : and this, I hope, may be 
 an excuse for all the rest, when I confess 
 what I am faulty in : for I write of matters 
 which I neither saw nor suffered, nor heard H professes 
 
 himself a liar. 
 
 by report from others, which are in no being, 
 nor possible ever to have a beginning. Let 
 no man therefore in any case give any credit 
 
 tO them. Two moun- 
 
 tains, one in 
 
 Disanchoring on a time from the pillars %T e inAfri?a, 
 
 on each side the 
 
 of Hercules, the wind fitting me well for my %%
 
 12 AAHOOY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 5. 
 
 
 ) avejACp tov irXovv 7roiov(A7]v. a a e 
 fji,oi ryg aTTofiyj/Aias KCM virodecri^ TJ ryj$ 
 
 $ Ttepiepyia Kai 
 
 TO fiovXecrOai [AaOe7v rl TO 
 
 ecrri TOV WKeavou Kai Ttveg ol 
 a 
 
 vOpooTTOi. TOVTOV ye p^e 
 
 triTta 
 
 
 6 TUV rjlKlWTCOV 7T pO(T'KOl f rj(Ta J lJj f YjV TV)V CLVVYjV 
 
 , eri &e 
 
 
 TOV CLpKjTOv [Ji,i<j6u> 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 13 
 
 purpose, I thrust into the West Ocean. The 
 occasion that moved me to take such a voyage 
 in hand was only a curiosity of mind, a desire 
 of novelties, and a longing to learn out the 
 bounds of the ocean, and what people inhabit 
 the farther shore : for which purpose I made 
 plentiful provision of victuals and fresh water, 
 got fifty companions of the same humour to 
 associate me in my travels, furnished myself 
 with store of munition, gave a round sum of 
 money to an expert pilot that could direct us 
 in our course, and new rigged and repaired 
 a tall ship strongly to hold a tedious and 
 difficult journey. 
 
 Thus sailed we forward a day and a night 
 with a prosperous wind, and as long as we
 
 14 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 6. 
 
 e. ^fjjepav {Ai> ovv Kai VVKT& ovplco 
 en Ty$ yyt; inrofyaivopjevyq ov 
 
 ia(x)g ovyyofiea, ry ejriovcry 
 
 o re 
 
 TO KvfjjCL yvfavero KCLI Zp 
 oweT ov$e crre7Xa/ i^v oOovyv fivvarov 
 . T7npe\];avT<; ovv rco 
 
 
 evvea, KCLI /3$0[AyKOVTa, 
 
 KXafi\];avTO$ TjK/ov Kadopcofiev ov 
 vvjcrov iityXyv Kai a<re7av, ov rpa^el 
 vviv ro3 KVfAaTi* KOI jap yfiy TO 
 
 KaT7T67TaVTO. 
 
 ovv Kai antofiavTeq co^ av K {AaKpa$ 
 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 15 
 
 had any sight of land, made no great haste 
 on our way ; but the next morrow about sun 
 rising the wind blew high and the waves 
 began to swell and a darkness fell upon us, 
 so that we could not see to strike our sails, 
 but gave our ship over to the wind and 
 weather ; thus were we tossed in this tempest 
 the space of threescore and nineteen days 
 together. On the fourscorth day the sun upon 
 a sudden brake out, and we descried not far 
 off us an island full of mountains and woods, 
 about the which the seas did not rage so 
 boisterously, for the storm was now reasonably 
 well calmed : there we thrust in and went on 
 
 It was re- 
 
 shore and cast ourselves upon the ground, and guisitethetem- 
 
 pesl should 
 i i . i , i continue thus 
 
 so lay a long time, as utterly tired with our /*# and he 
 
 sail altogether 
 
 misery at sea: in the end we arose up and 
 
 be asked the 
 
 divided ourselves : thirty we left to guard our
 
 16 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIAZ. A. 7. 
 
 crvv 
 
 em KaTao-KOTry roiv ev ry 
 
 7. HpoeXOovT$ 8e OGOV crrod}iov$ Tpei$ onto 
 TTVjs S/' vfa]$ cpu*/Aev riva o-rr/ 
 
 e/cre- 
 
 voiq, Xeyovcrav u&Xpi TOVTCDV 
 
 SS' 
 
 QVO 
 
 em Trerpa^ TO [Aev TrXeOpialov, TO 
 Se eXaTTOv' e^oi So/ce7v, TO fiev TOV A/o- 
 
 VVVOV TO [JtjlKpOTepOV, 6&TpOV 6 
 
 ' ovv TtoeiAev' OVTTO) 
 
 Se 
 
 oivov peovTi o/AoiOTaTcp pjoJkivTa, oioawep o 
 <TTIV. ciOovov Se rv TO
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 17 
 
 / 
 
 ship : myself and twenty more went to discover 
 the island, and had not gone above three 
 furlongs from the sea through a wood, but 
 we saw a brazen pillar erected, whereupon 
 Greek letters were engraven, though now much 
 worn and hard to be discerned, importing, 
 "Thus far travelled Hercules and Bacchus." 
 There were also near unto the place two 
 portraitures cut out in a rock, the one of the 
 quantity of an acre of ground, the other less, 
 which made me imagine the lesser to be 
 Bacchus and the other Hercules : and giving 
 them due adoration, we proceeded on our 
 journey, and far we had not gone but we came 
 to a river, the stream whereof seemed to run 
 with as rich wine as any is made in Chios, An island 
 
 J in the sEgizan 
 
 if ,i liU ' 1 U1 sea, famous for 
 
 and of a great breadth, in some places able to
 
 1 8 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 7. 
 
 , (Jt)(TT 
 
 ovv AV iroXv 
 
 7Tl 
 
 i TO, cryjeta, T Aiovvcrov e 
 
 opa}(7 
 
 v Se fioi KCLL odev apteral o 
 
 v^ awyeiv Trapa TO pevfAa, KCLI 
 
 JV pjev ov${Aiav evpov avrov, 
 
 pa e- Tvjv pifyw eKao-Tyv ameppei cnayaiv 
 oivov $iavyov$, deft u>v eylvero o 
 
 ev avraj 
 
 Kai VYJV %poav KOA 
 
 ' <yovv aypevvav- 
 
 v " a/jueXei Kai ava-re^ovre^ airrovg evplv- 
 
 \ I ef / 
 
 /AO-TOV<;. v&Tepov
 
 TRUE HISTORY 19 
 
 bear a ship, which made me to give the more 
 credit to the inscription upon the pillar, when 
 I saw such apparent signs of Bacchus's pere- 
 grination. We then resolved to travel up 
 the stream to find whence the river had his 
 original, and when we were come to the 
 head, no spring at all appeared, but mighty 
 great vine-trees of infinite number, which 
 from their roots distilled pure wine which 
 made the river run so abundantly : the stream 
 was also well stored with fish, of which we See our 
 
 author's mod- 
 
 took a few, in taste and colour much resem- #.> this 
 
 carries more 
 probability by 
 
 bling wine, but as many as ate of them S ar > tha . n that f 
 
 J a spring of 
 
 t w * ne shotM 
 
 fell drunk upon it ; for when they were opened ***** of the 
 and cut up, we found them to be full of lees : 
 afterwards we mixed some fresh water fish 
 
 c 2
 
 20 AAHOOY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 8. 
 
 atro 
 
 TOV v$aTO$, Trapapjiyvvvreq etcepavvvfAev TO 
 
 . Tore e TOV Trora/Aov $ia7rea(ravT$, 
 
 (ravT 
 
 ro [Jjev jap aTro TTJ<; 7%, o 
 avrog evepvyq KCLI Tra^vq, TO &e 
 
 , 0<TOV K 
 
 e%ovcrai TeXe/a. TOKLVTVJV Trap 
 
 ypafyovviv apTi TOV 'ATro 
 
 onto 8e 
 
 
 aKTvXa)v aKpcuv eefyvovTO avratg o 
 
 KOA fJj(TTol Vj&OjV /3oTpV(Jt)V. KOA [hV} 
 
 i Taq K(j)aXa$ cKOfAWv eXi^l re 
 
 KOA 
 
 C, yjCTTta^ovTO re xai e$eiovvTO, al ^e
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 21 
 
 with them, which allayed the strong taste of 
 the wine. We then crossed the stream where 
 we found it passable, and came among a world 
 of vines of incredible number, which towards 
 the earth had firm stocks and of a good 
 growth ; but the tops of them were women, 
 from the hip upwards, having all their propor- 
 tion perfect and complete ; as painters picture 
 out Daphne, who was turned into a tree when 
 she was overtaken by Apollo; at their fingers' Haifavir- 
 
 J gin and halj a 
 
 ends sprung out branches full of grapes, and 
 the hair of their heads was nothing else but 
 winding wires and leaves, and clusters of 
 grapes. When we were come to them, they 
 saluted us and joined hands with us, and 
 spake unto us some in the Lydian and some
 
 22 AAHOOYZ IZTOPIAZ. A. 9. 
 
 , OA Se 'ivS/Aroyv, a/ 7rXe/"oT&/ 8e 
 *EXXaa fywyv Trpoiefievai. KOA 
 
 T/Ka efAeOve KCLI 
 
 ov 7rape%ov rov Kapjrov, 
 
 avra7$ 
 
 UTreXvovro, aXX* CK TCOV a/8o/a>v e&e 
 
 crvvefyuovro jap KOA crvveppi^ovvTO, KUI ^ 
 
 avrolq ArXaSo/ eTtefyuKearav ol fiaKrvXoi KOA 
 
 TrepnrXexo/Aevoi ocrov 
 
 avrot 
 
 8e avrov$ em vavv 
 
 KOA 
 ra re aXXa /ca/
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 23 
 
 
 
 in the Indian language, but most of them in 
 Greek : they also kissed us with their mouths, 
 but he that was so kissed fell drunk, and was , Ma y m , en 
 
 nave thus lost 
 them- elves, in 
 
 not his own man a good while after: they the yielding to 
 
 J the bewitching 
 . Mir enticements of 
 
 could not abide to have any fruit pulled from * and wo- 
 men. 
 
 them, but would roar and cry out pitifully 
 if any man offered it. Some of them desired 
 to have carnal mixture with us, and two of 
 our company were so bold as to entertain 
 their offer, and could never afterwards be 
 loosed from them, but were knit fast together 
 at their nether parts, from whence they grew 
 together and took root together, and their 
 fingers began to spring out with branches 
 and crooked wires as if they were ready to 
 bring out fruit : whereupon we forsook them 
 and fled to our ships, and told the company at 
 our coming what had betide unto us, how our
 
 24 AAH90Y2 I2TOPIA2. A. 10. 
 
 
 rr/v 
 
 uftpV<TafAVOi re 
 
 KCLl K TOV TTOrafAOV olvKHLfJjCVOl K(Ll (LVTOV 
 
 6?n r*ij$ vfiovoq av 
 ov 
 
 vycrov 
 
 VYJV vaZv KCLI /AeTecDplcras ocrov 
 
 7Tl 
 
 /V TO TreXayog, c?XX' a 
 
 avejuuog e/ATreo-CDV rolq i<rrloi$ 
 
 10. 
 
 KVpTO)(ra$ rr/n 
 
 ev TO> aepi 
 
 XafAirpav xai (r^aipoeifiy KOA
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 25 
 
 fellows were entangled, and of their copulation 
 with the vines. Then we took certain of our 
 vessels and filled them, some with water and 
 some with wine out of the river, and lodged 
 for that night near the shore. 
 
 On the morrow we put to sea again, the 
 wind serving us weakly, but about noon, when 
 we had lost sight of the island, upon a sudden 
 a whirlwind caught us, which turned our ship 
 round about, and lifted us up some three 
 thousand furlongs into the air, and suffered 
 us not to settle again into the sea, but we 
 hung above ground, and were carried aloft 
 with a mighty wind which filled our sails The island 
 
 of the Moon. 
 
 strongly. Thus for seven days' space and so 
 many nights were we driven along in that 
 manner, and on the eighth day we came in
 
 26 AAH00Y2 IZTOPIAZ. A. n. 
 
 
 01- 
 
 \ i / 
 
 re /^a/ yewpyovfievyv. Tj^epaq 
 
 ovv ovfiev avroOev KaOecopcofAev, vvicrog 
 vys etya/vovro yiuv KCLI aXXai 
 wj<rot TrXycriov, a! p^ev (telfyvg, al 
 
 {UK pore pat, jrvpi TTJV %poav 
 
 KOA aXXy Se ng yvj KMTCD KOM TroXeig ev 
 
 avry KCU Trora/^ovg %ov<ra KCLI 
 
 
 KOA vXa$ KOA opy. ravryv ovv TVJV 
 
 11. oaV &6 VAV Kai Tl 
 
 avro7$ KaXov/Aevoig ancavryja-avTeq. 01 
 OVTOI elcriv avfipeg em yv7ra>v
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 27 
 
 view of a great country in the air, like to a What 
 
 J blew them 
 
 . . . . , , r , . 1-1 thither. 
 
 shining island, of a round proportion, gloriously 
 glittering with light, and approaching to it, we 
 there arrived, and took land, and surveying the 
 country, we found it to be both inhabited and 
 husbanded : and as long as the day lasted we He closel v 
 
 J taxes thetr 
 
 1 . _ . opinion who 
 
 could see nothing" there, but when night was hold the sun, 
 
 Moon, and 
 , 1 . . 1 - Stars to be 
 
 come many other islands appeared unto us, inhabited 
 
 countries. 
 
 some greater and some less, all of the colour of 
 fire, and another kind of earth underneath, in 
 which were cities and seas and rivers and 
 woods and mountains, which we conjectured 
 to be the earth by us inhabited : and going 
 further into the land, we were met withal and 
 taken by those kind of people which they call 
 Hippogypians. These Hippogypians are men s f g nff e in d g 
 
 horse-vultures, 
 
 riding upon monstrous vultures, which they
 
 28 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. n. 
 
 v o^ovp^evoi KOA KaOairep e lim:oiq 
 opveoiq %pa){Avor [AeyaXoi jap 01 
 
 
 8' av TI$ TO /Aeyedos a,vj)v evrevOev' 
 yap /AeyaXys (>opTi$o$ ICTTOV exacnov 
 
 
 TCOV Tnepcov f^OjKpoTepov Kai 7ra%vTepov 
 (frepovcri. Tovroiq ovv Tolq 'lirTroyvTroig Trpocr- 
 reraKrai 7repnreTO/Aevoi$ ryv yv/v, el T/ 
 evpeOeiy &evo<;, dvayeiv a><; TOV fiacriXea* 
 KOA ty KOA Tji^aq %vXXapovT<; avasyovviv 
 co^ avrov. o Se Oeacra/juevo^ Kai diro 
 
 Kai 
 
 dpa, (f) r //, v^elq, co evoi ; 
 
 Se, rioi^ ovv dty/KecrOe, e^, roaovrov depa 
 
 ; Kai y/Ae7$ TO Ttdv avrto 
 ' Kai o$ dpapjevo<; TO KaO* av-
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 29 
 
 use instead of horses : for the vultures there 
 
 and so are the 
 rest that follow, 
 
 are exceeding- great, every one with three a es fo ^ 
 
 J and composed 
 
 for his tur- 
 
 heads apiece : you may imagine their greatness p. 
 by this, for every feather in their wings was 
 bigger and longer than the mast of a tall ship : 
 their charge was to fly about the country, and 
 all the strangers they found to bring them to 
 the king : and their fortune was then to seize 
 upon us, and by them we were presented to 
 him. As soon as he saw us, he conjectured by 
 our habit what countrymen we were, and said, 
 Are not you, strangers, Grecians ? which when 
 we affirmed, And how could you make way, 
 said he, through so much air as to get hither ? 
 Then we delivered the whole discourse of our 
 fortunes to him ; whereupon he began to tell
 
 30 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 12. 
 
 
 (OV ' 
 
 KOA dcf)i- 
 
 eKelvvjv eXeye vqv ypAV K&TO) 
 
 XXa Qappelv re 
 KCLI {AVjeva Kivtiwov vfyopci- 
 crBat' Travra jap y/Aiv TrapecrecrOai 
 
 12. Hv e xai KaTOpOojo-d), efyy, rov Tro 
 
 fAOV, OV K())pa) VVV TTpO$ TOVq TOV 7/XlOV 
 
 , airavTCDv evfiai/AOvecrTaTa Trap* 
 
 ve$ re eiev ol TroXe/Aioi KCLI VYJV 
 i< " O 8e 
 
 
 i o 
 
 ev TO) oX/o) KaroiKovvrcDv
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 31 
 
 us likewise of his own adventures, how that 
 
 he also was a man, by name Endymion, and ft****- c. 
 
 rapt up long since from the earth as he was 
 
 asleep, and brought hither, where he was 
 
 made king of the country, and said it was 
 
 that region which to us below seemed to be 
 
 the moon ; but he bade us be of good cheer 
 
 King of the 
 
 and fear no danger, for we should want nothing 
 we stood in need of : and if the war he was 
 now in hand withal against the sun succeeded 
 fortunately, we should live with him in the 
 highest degree of happiness. Then we asked 
 of him what enemies he had, and the cause of 
 the quarrel: and he answered, Phaethon, the The son of 
 
 Phoebus and 
 
 king of the inhabitants of the sun (for that 
 
 ed leave to ride 
 
 is also peopled as well as the moon), hath made
 
 , 
 
 32 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 12. 
 
 oiKe7rai jap fiy KaKeivot; (jj&Tre Kai 
 
 %povov. Tjp^aro &e e^ ah lag 
 
 TCOV V T7 &>Y T eAT 7TOT6 
 
 (rvvayayojv e/SovXydyv 
 $ TOV e Ea)o-()oov crreJXai, ovra 
 
 V7TO JL7^VO KdTOtKOVAeVOV ' TOIVVV 
 
 
 Kara fiecrov TOV iropov WKavTyjO'aq TTI rcov 
 
 OlV. TOT JU,V OVV V I KVjO VT $ 
 
 ov jap yfAev avT/TraXoi ry 
 
 vvv 
 
 TOV TroXefAOv Kai 
 TTJV djroiKiav. v]v ovv e^eX^re, 
 fjjOi TOV cnoXov, jvjrag Se 
 TCOV /3a<nXiKa)v eva, exacTTa Kai ryv
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 33 
 
 war against us a long time upon this occasion : * fa 
 
 chariot, though 
 
 I once assembled all the poor people and needy St, & kL 
 
 unskilful driv- 
 , i i ' ine scorched a 
 
 persons within my dominions, purposing to great part of 
 
 both heaven 
 
 send a colony to inhabit the Morning Star, 
 
 fore struck 
 
 because the country was desert and had nobody ^^^ y 
 
 Jupiter. OVID. 
 
 dwelling in it. This Phaethon envying, crossed Met - 
 me in my design, and sent his Hippomyrmicks 
 to meet with us in the midway, by whom we 
 were surprised at that time, being not prepared 
 for an encounter, and were forced to retire : 
 now therefore my purpose is once again to 
 denounce war and publish a plantation of 
 people there : if therefore you will participate 
 with us in our expedition, I will furnish you 
 every one with a prime vulture and all 
 armour answerable for service, for to-morrow
 
 34 AAH00Y2 IZTOPIAZ. A. 13. 
 
 
 avptov 
 
 v eyco, ytyvecrOa), eTreify croi 
 
 13. Tore pev ovv Trap avTOJ e 
 
 KCLI jap ol CTKOTTOI 
 
 vlov eivai TOV$ 7roXe/Aiov$. TO [Aev ovv 
 
 eye- 
 
 VOVTO avev TU>V crKevooaiv KCLI TO>V 
 
 KCLl TO)V TTe^COV K&l 
 * TOVTCOV 6 
 
 ol 'iTnroyvTroi, fiicr/Avpioi e 01 
 
 opveov e /ca/ TOVTO 
 
 (7Ti 
 
 Xacriov, ra &e 
 <f>vXXoi$ 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 35 
 
 we must set forwards. With all our hearts, 
 said I, if it please you. Then were we feasted 
 and abode with him, and in the morning . The , mor - 
 
 o mg there, out 
 the evening 
 
 arose to set ourselves in order of battle, for here - 
 our scouts had given us knowledge that the 
 enemy was at hand. Our forces in number 
 amounted to an hundred thousand, besides 
 such as bare burthens and engineers, and the 
 foot forces and the strange aids : of these, 
 fourscore thousand were Hippogypians, and 
 twenty thousand that rode upon Lachanopters, The number 
 
 J of their forces, 
 
 which is a mighty great fowl, and instead of 
 feathers covered thick over with wort leaves ; 
 but their wing feathers were much like the 
 leaves of lettuces : after them were placed the 
 Cenchrobolians and the Scorodomachians : 
 
 D 2
 
 36 AAH00YZ I2TOPIA2. A. 13. 
 
 01 
 
 KOA ol ^,KOpo$o[Aa%oi. yXQov e avrco KCLI 
 
 onto ' 
 
 Se ' 
 
 TOVTCDV ft 01 fiV QvXXOTO^OTai 7Tl 
 
 , oQev KCLI 
 
 
 ' 6 ' 
 
 ocrov a)e/ca eeavres o 
 
 (Lev e/er/, fapovTai e ev ro5 aepi 
 
 avev Trreojv' o 
 
 )pi$ 
 
 TC< 
 
 icrria fyepovcai co&Trep ra (TKacfyq. ra 
 
 S' ol TOIOVTOI ev Ta7$ {Aa%ai$ 
 
 eia iv. eXeyovTO Se KOM air TOJV vjrep T*YJV
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 37 
 
 there came also to aid us from the Bear Star 
 thirty thousand Psyllotoxotans, and fifty 
 thousand Anemodromians : these Psyllotoxo- 
 tans ride upon great fleas, of which they have 
 their denomination, for every flea among them 
 is as big as a dozen elephants : the Anemo- 
 dromians are footmen, yet flew in the air 
 without feathers in this manner : every man 
 had a large mantle reaching down to his foot, 
 which the wind blowing against, filled it like 
 a sail, and they were carried along as if they 
 had been boats : the most part of these in 
 fight were targeteers. It was said also that 
 there were expected from the stars over 
 Cappadocia threescore and ten thousand 
 Struthobalanians and five thousand Hippo-
 
 38 AAH60YZ I2TOPIAZ. A. 14, 15. 
 
 
 eTTTaKicr/Avpioi, iTTTTOjepavoi 8e 
 
 eyco OVK eOeavatATiv " oi 
 
 ya/ 5 
 
 avraJv eToX/Av/cra. Tpa,(TTia yap 
 Trepi avTCov 
 
 14. Ary {Ai> y TOV 
 yv. crKevy &e Trdvrcov yj avrq Kpawq 
 
 
 a7ro TOv Kva{A(t)v /Aeyaoi jap Trap 
 ol Kv&fjjOi Kai Kaprepol' 6a)paKe$ 
 7ravT$ OepfAivoi " ra jap 
 TCOV BepfACDv <Tvppa7novT$ TTOiouvrai 
 6a)paKa$' appy/KTOv 8' e/ce7 jljverai TOV 
 6ep/AOv TO Xeirog aj 
 
 ola ra 
 
 8e Kaipog yv, eraBavro ct)e* 
 
 is. 
 
 TO JbV QIOV Ka 0l> 01
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 39 
 
 geranians, but I had no sight of them, for 
 
 they were not yet come, and therefore I 
 
 durst write nothing, though wonderful and 
 
 incredible reports were given out of them. 
 
 This was the number of Endymion's army; 
 
 the furniture was all alike ; their helmets of 
 
 bean hulls, which are great with them and 
 
 very strong; their breastplates all of lupins 
 
 cut into scales, for they take the shells of 
 
 lupins, and fastening them together, make 
 
 breastplates of them which are impenetrable 
 
 and as hard as any horn : their shields and The order 
 
 of Endymion 's 
 
 swords like to ours in Greece : and when the battle ' 
 time of battle was come, they were ordered in 
 this manner. The right wing was supplied by 
 the Hippogypians, where the king himself was
 
 40 AAH6OY2 IZTOPIAZ. A. 16. 
 
 
 o /3a<riXev$ Tovg aplffrovg Ttepi avrov 
 ev TOVTOK; yfiev ' ro e 
 
 VO)VV{AOV 01 Aa%aV07TTpOl' TO &e (AeGOV 01 
 
 TO 
 
 OVTU)$ 
 
 
 xai p^ejaXoi ywovrat TroXv 
 
 KacrTO$ (AelZcov. TOVTOK; 
 
 TOV 
 
 TOV Eaxrfapov depa. cog e 
 
 KGM itebiw eiroivjcrav, em 
 
 TOVTOV TtapeTa^e TO Trefyv' opye/ro 
 NvKTpia)v o Ev$iavaKTO<; 
 
 
 
 16. Tcov Se TroXejutsicov TO 
 ei%ov ol 'iTntofAuppjVjKeq xai ev avTog o
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 41 
 
 in person with the choicest soldiers in the 
 army, among whom we also were ranged : the 
 Lachanopters made the left wing, and the 
 aids were placed in the main battle as every 
 man's fortune fell : the foot, which in number 
 were about six thousand myriads, were dis- 
 posed of in this manner : there are many 
 spiders in those parts of mighty bigness, 
 every one in quantity exceeding one of the 
 Islands Cyclades : these were appointed to 
 
 Sea. in number 
 
 spin a web in the air between the Moon and I3 - 
 the Morning Star, which was done in an 
 instant, and made a plain champaign upon 
 which the foot forces were planted, \vho had 
 for their leader Nycterion, the son of Eudianax, The order 
 
 J ' of Phaethon's 
 
 battle. 
 
 and two other associates. 
 
 But of the enemy's side the left wing con- 
 sisted of the Hippomyrmicks, and among them
 
 42 
 
 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 16. 
 
 
 <bae6a)v' Ov/pla 8e eor/ ^e 
 
 Tolq Trap ypAv (wpp/rfei 7rpo(7eoiKOTa 
 
 TOV fieyeOovs ' o yap ^e 
 
 yv. ep,a%ovTO e ov [AQVOV ol 
 
 
 , aXXa KCM avTOi fAaXi&ra 
 
 Kepa- 
 
 
 OVTOI 
 
 TOV 
 
 o 
 
 ovreq 
 
 OVTOI 
 
 TOVTOV$ o 
 
 , 7C\7ji> 
 yap 
 KOA o 
 
 7ro%ov{Aevoi 
 
 \fsiXol re ovteq 
 ye KCLI OVTOI' 
 pafyavl^aq virep- 
 ovft eir oXiyov 
 
 TIVO$ TO) Tpav/AaTi 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 43 
 
 Phaethon himself: these are beasts of huge 
 bigness and winged, carrying the resemblance 
 of our emmets, but for their greatness : for 
 those of the largest size were of the quantity 
 of two acres, and not only the riders supplied 
 the place of soldiers, but they also did much 
 mischief with their horns : they were in number 
 fifty thousand. In the right wing were ranged 
 the Aeroconopes, of which there were also 
 about fifty thousand, all archers riding upon 
 great gnats : then followed the Aerocardakes, 
 who were light armed and footmen, but good 
 soldiers, casting out of slings afar off huge 
 great turnips, and whosoever was hit with 
 them lived not long after, but died with the 
 stink that proceeded from their wounds : it is
 
 44 AAH60Y2 IZTOPIAZ. A. 16. 
 
 TO, 
 
 e avrcov era^Oycrav 01 
 
 TO 
 
 Se KavXo{AVKyT$, ori 
 pen (AVKyTivaig e^pcovro, fiopacri e 
 
 ro7<; 
 
 
 01 TOV 
 
 Xioi xai OVTOI, av$pe<; 
 
 
 
 
 ovq re aTTo Tov TaXa&ov /jueT7re{A 
 
 7T6TO 
 
 tKetvoi 
 
 ox/)eXov" ol 
 rai Se ov$e oXcog irapeyevovTO, faomp
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 45 
 
 said they use to anoint their bullets with 
 the poison of mallows. After them were 
 placed the Caulomycetes, men-at-arms and 
 good at hand strokes, in number about 
 fifty thousand : they are called Caulomycetes 
 because their shields were made of mush- 
 rooms and their spears of the stalks of the 
 herb asparagus : near unto them were placed 
 the Cynobalanians, that were sent from the 
 Dogstar to aid him : these were men with 
 dogs' faces, riding upon winged acorns : but 
 the slingers that should have come out of 
 Via Lactea, and the Nephelocentaurs came too 
 short of these aids, for the battle was done 
 before their arrival, so that they did them no 
 good : and indeed the slingers came not at
 
 4 6 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 17. 
 
 
 avtoq vvrepov opjiaevra TOV 
 
 %a>pav. Toiavry pev Kai o 
 
 
 Se eTreifiy TO, 
 KCLI a/Ko'avTO eKareCDv ol ovoi 
 
 rovroig jap ami craXTriyKTcov 
 
 KOI TO 
 
 vri 
 
 ' 
 
 linroyuTrovs, KOLI 
 
 TO 
 
 TOV 7Tl TO) 
 
 6ov 01 ' 
 
 OOVVTCDV efyvyov eyKXlvavreq, KCLI 
 
 67T61 yvOoVTO TOVC, 7Tl TCO
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 47 
 
 all, wherefore they say Phaethon in displeasure 
 over-ran their country. These were the forces 
 that Phaethon brought into the field : and 
 when they were joined in battle, after the 
 signal was given, and when the asses on 
 either side had brayed (for these are to them 
 instead of trumpets), the fight began, and 
 the left wing of the Heliotans, or Sun soldiers, 
 fled presently and would not abide to receive 
 the charge of the Hippogypians, but turned 
 their backs immediately, and many were put 
 to the sword : but the right wing of theirs 
 were too hard for our left wing, and drove 
 them back till they came to our footmen, who 
 joining with them, made the enemies there 
 also turn their backs and fly, especially when 
 they found their own left wing to be over-
 
 48 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. A. 18. 
 
 
 
 
 TroXXoi {Lev 
 
 &e Kai avypovvTQ, KCM TO 
 iroXv /LEV em TOJV vetyajv, cocrre 
 
 KCM epvOpa 
 $vo{ivov TOV yXl 
 Se KCLI elq TVJV yyv KO*T carafe v, 
 
 OX7T6 y666 eiKO,%iV, (AT/ a pa TOtOVTOV 
 
 
 i TtaXai ava) yevo/Aevov ' 
 Xafiev a'l/Aan vaai rov A/a CTTI TCO TOV 
 vo Oavarc. 
 
 is. 
 
 81/0 rpoiraia ecrTycra/Aev, TO {Lev eiri 
 
 , TO 
 
 <K; em T&V vefy&v. apTi Se TOV- 
 
 ' VTTO TOJV 
 
 01
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 49 
 
 thrown. Thus were they wholly discomfited 
 on all hands ; many were taken prisoners, 
 and many slain ; much blood was spilt ; some 
 fell upon the clouds, which made them look 
 of a red colour, as sometimes they appear to 
 us about sun-setting ; some dropped down 
 upon the earth, which made me suppose it 
 was upon some such occasion that Homer 
 thought Jupiter rained blood for the death of ILIAD,. 
 his son Sarpedon. Returning from the pur- 
 suit, we erected two trophies : one for the 
 fight on foot, which we placed upon the 
 spiders' web : the other for the fight in the 
 air, which we set up upon the clouds. As 
 soon as this was done, news came to us by 
 our scouts that the Nephelocentaurs were 
 coming on, which indeed should have come
 
 5 o 
 
 AAH0OYZ IZTOPIAZ. A. 18. 
 
 OeafAa, 
 
 /TTTTCOV 
 
 ovov 
 
 TO 
 
 TOJV 6 'iTTTTUJV QGQV V0)$ 
 
 TO 
 
 (LVTOJV 
 
 OVK 
 
 {Ay TO) KOA amia-rov 
 
 TOCTOVTOV 
 
 Se 
 
 e avrcov o e/c 
 
 TOV 
 
 7re/A7rov 
 
 7Tl 
 
 em 
 av6i$ 
 
 TOV 
 
 
 
 eTrnriTTTOvo'i 
 
 
 
 Tp7rov<Tiv, 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 51 
 
 to Phaethon before the fight. And when they 
 drew so near unto us that we could take full 
 view of them, it was a strange sight to behold 
 such monsters, composed of flying horses and 
 men : that part which resembled mankind, 
 which was from the waist upwards, did equal 
 in greatness the Rhodian Colossus, and that 
 which was like a horse was as big as a great 
 ship of burden : and of such multitude that 
 I was fearful to set down their number lest 
 it might be taken for a lie : and for their 
 leader they had the Sagittarius out of the c hiron fa 
 
 J Centaur, ivho 
 
 was translated 
 
 Zodiac. When they heard that their friends into heav ^. 
 
 and made one 
 i i T-.I of the \2 signs 
 
 were foiled, they sent a messenger to Phaethon of the zodiac. 
 to renew the fight : whereupon they set them- 
 selves in array, and fell upon the Selenitans or 
 the Moon soldiers that were troubled, and
 
 5 2 
 
 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 19. 
 
 KOA 
 
 
 TOJV 
 
 Se 
 
 opveaiv 
 Kai ra 
 
 avrov 
 
 KCLI 
 
 ajrav TO VTTO TCOV pa^vcv 
 
 era/pew %&yp f iy<7av. 
 
 KCLI aXXa 
 
 rtov 
 
 
 /Waro. 
 
 e irapyv KOA o 
 
 Tpoiraia VTT e/ce/- 
 ovv aTryyo/ieda, e$ 
 
 TOV 
 
 TCO 
 
 19. O/ 6 TTO\lOpKlV [LV OVK e 
 
 TO 
 
 
 TOV depo$ a7reTi%ifyv, coo-re [Ay/ten 
 diro rov HX/ov 
 TO Se 
 
 yv 
 
 TOV 
 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 53 
 
 disordered in following the chase, and scattered 
 in gathering the spoils, and put them all to 
 flight, and pursued the king into his city, and 
 killed the greatest part of his birds, overturned 
 the trophies he had set up, and overcame the 
 whole country that was spun by the spiders. 
 Myself and two of my companions were taken 
 alive. When Phaethon himself was come they 
 set up other trophies in token of victory, and 
 on the morrow we were carried prisoners into 
 the Sun, our arms bound behind us with a 
 piece of the cobweb : yet would they by no 
 means lay any siege to the city, but returned 
 and built up a wall in the midst of the air 
 to keep the light of the Sun from falling upon 
 the Moon, and they made it a double wall, The 
 
 of the Moons 
 
 wholly compact of clouds, so that a manifest *"'
 
 54 AAH6OYZ IZTOPIAZ. A. 20. 
 
 \ 
 
 eyeyovei Ka VVKTI lyveKe Tracra KaTe%TO 
 Trie^ofAevo*; e TOVTOI$ o 
 iKTV KaOaipe7v TO oiKofto 
 
 Trepiopav ev CT/COTOD 
 e Kai fyopovq 
 
 xai 
 
 KOI ofw/povg 7ri rovroig ^ovvai y 
 
 ol 
 
 
 TOVTOH; 
 
 20. ,,Kara 
 
 opyy$, TV) varepaia Se 
 Kai eyevero y eipyvy e?r/ 
 
 o 
 
 ol (rv/A{Aa%oi 7rpo<; 
 
 TOV$ o-vfipa^ovq, eiri TOJ KaraXi/crai 
 
 TO $iaTetio-Aa Kal
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 55 
 
 eclipse of the Moon ensued, and all things 
 detained in perpetual night : wherewith 
 Endymion was so much oppressed that he 
 sent ambassadors to entreat the demolishing 
 of the building, and beseech him that he 
 would not damn them to live in darkness, 
 promising to pay him tribute, to be his friend 
 and associate, and never after to stir against 
 him. Phaethon's council twice assembled to 
 consider upon this offer, and in their first 
 meeting would remit nothing of their conceived 
 displeasure, but on the morrow they altered 
 their minds to these terms. "The Heliotans 
 and their colleagues have made a peace with 
 the Selenitans and their associates upon these 
 conditions, that the Heliotans shall cast down 
 the wall, and deliver the prisoners that they
 
 56 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 20. 
 
 <; TVJV ^eXyvyv e<7/3aXXe/v, a?ro- 
 fiovvai fie Kat rov$ al%[AaXa)TOvg pr/rov 
 
 
 ye 
 
 oirXa 
 
 ry 
 
 TK; eTriy ' fyopov fie v7TOTeXe7v eKacrrov 
 TOV$ TOV /3ao-iXea TOW SeX^v/rcov TOJ 
 /3ao*/Xe7 TCOV 'HX/coTow tipovov d ^fyo peat; 
 
 xai Qp/ypovq fie cr(f)(L>v 
 
 fiovvai fwp/ovg, tyv fie asnoiKiav 
 
 TOV 'EaMTcfiopov KOiwYjv 7ro/e7cr^a/ KOA /Aere- 
 
 rdiv aXXcov TOV 
 
 ev [Aecra) roi aepi eir] 
 fie
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 57 
 
 have taken upon a ratable ransom : and that 
 
 the Selenitans should leave the other stars 
 
 at liberty, and raise no war against the 
 
 Heliotans, but aid and assist one another if 
 
 either of them should be invaded : that the 
 
 king of the Selenitans should yearly pay to 
 
 the king of the Heliotans in way of tribute ten 
 
 thousand vessels of dew, and deliver ten 
 
 thousand of their people to be pledges for 
 
 their fidelity : that the colony to be sent to 
 
 the Morning Star should be jointly supplied 
 
 by them both, and liberty given to any else 
 
 that would to be sharers in it : that these 
 
 articles of peace should be engraven in a 
 
 pillar of amber, to be erected in the midst 
 
 of the air upon the confines of their country : 
 
 for the performance whereof were sworn of These names 
 
 of the inhabi-
 
 58 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 21. 
 
 KOA 
 
 /vio^ KOA 
 
 21. To/aur^ />cev ^ elpv/vy eyevero 
 TO 
 
 asTrefiocrav. eiret Se aiKOAeGa 
 
 
 (ATa fiaKpVCOV 01 T6 Ta7pOl 
 
 o Ej>5ty<6/a>v avroq. Kai o pev 
 
 re Trap avTCp Kai K0ivcove7v 
 
 TOV eavrov 7ra7$a' ^WOAK^.^ jap OVK elvi 
 
 
 Kara) e 
 
 ov 
 
 ariaaa<; 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 59 
 
 the Heliotans, Pyronides and Therites and '* f f f' 
 
 J OM are taken 
 
 from things 
 
 Phlogius : and of the Selenitans, Nyctor and waging to 
 
 J the day; those 
 
 . of the Moon 
 
 Menius and Polylampes. Thus was the peace from things 
 
 appertaining to 
 
 concluded, the wall immediately demolished, 
 and we that were prisoners delivered. Being 
 returned into the Moon, they came forth 
 to meet us, Endymion himself and all his 
 friends, who embraced us with tears, and 
 desired us to make our abode with him, and 
 to be partners in the colony, promising to 
 give me his own son in marriage (for there are 
 no women amongst them), which I by no 
 means would yield unto, but desired of all 
 loves to be dismissed again into the sea, 
 and he finding it impossible to persuade us 
 to his purpose, after seven days' feasting, 
 gave us leave to depart.
 
 6o AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 22. 
 
 22. *"A e ev TOJ uueraZv $iaTl3a>v ev 
 
 fl KaTevovjcra Kaiva KUI 
 TUVTO, j3ovXo{Aai 6/Ve7v. TrpuJTa fiev TO 
 K yvvaixcov yevvoicrOai avrovg, aXX' onto 
 
 roJv appevajv * ja^oiq yap TOiq appeal 
 
 ~ \ ?<\\ V \ tt. 
 
 Icracri. t tev ovv Ttevre KOA 
 
 ercov ae7rai e/cacrro^, diro e TOVTCDV 
 
 KVOVCTI e OVK ev 
 
 ev TOjl acrTOKvAiai " eTre/Sav yap 
 
 
 py TO epfipvov, 7ra%vveTai ^ KvyfLT], 
 
 %povct) v&Tepov &vatjTe[jijOVTe$ e^ayovcri 
 a, K6ei>Te<; e avTa irpoq TOV 
 
 KCLl 
 
 
 OTI Trap eKevoig &VT
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 61 
 
 Now, what strange novelties worthy of 
 
 o J novelties he 
 
 observed in 
 
 note I observed during the time of my abode thoseparts. 
 there, I will relate unto you. The first is, that 
 they are not begotten of women, but of man- 
 kind : for they have no other marriage but 
 of males : the name of women is utterly 
 unknown among them : until they accomp- 
 lish the age of five and twenty years, they 
 are given in marriage to others : from that 
 time forwards they take others in marriage 
 to themselves : for as soon as the infant is 
 conceived the leg begins to swell, and after- 
 wards when the time of birth is come, they 
 give it a lance and take it out dead : then they 
 lay it abroad with open mouth towards the why that 
 
 part which we 
 
 wind, and so it takes life : and I think thereof 'Is^iMby'the 
 
 Grecians the 
 
 the Grecians call it the belly of the leg, because u" y of the
 
 62 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIAZ. A. 23. 
 
 TOVTOV 
 
 
 yevoq eoT/ Trap avTo$ 
 ol K&\ovp,evoi Aevfipirai, ylveTai 6 
 TOV TpoTtov TOVTOV' op%iv avGpamov rov 
 
 ev (frvTevovcriv, CK 
 
 K&pTtoq ecrn 
 
 8e 
 
 TO j^eeOo. 67re/&av ovv 
 
 , 01 
 
 v\wa, Kat S/a TOVTCDV o%evovcri KOA 
 
 yaj&Tai$ Tolq eavTCOv. 
 23. 'E7re/Sav Se yvjpacr'fl o av6pa)7ro$, OVK 
 
 o
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 63 
 
 therein they bear their children instead of 
 a belly. I will tell you now of a thing more 
 strange than this. There are a kind of men 
 among them called Dendritans, which are 
 begotten in this manner : they cut out the 
 right stone out of a man's cod, and set it in 
 their ground, from which springeth up a 
 great tree of flesh, with branches and leaves, 
 bearing a kind of fruit much like to an acorn, 
 but of a cubit in length, which they gather 
 when they are ripe, and cut men out of them : 
 their privy members are to be set on and 
 taken off as they have occasion : rich men 
 have them made of ivory, poor men of wood, 
 wherewith they perform the act of generation 
 and accompany their spouses. 
 
 When a man is come to his full age he dieth
 
 64 AAH60Y2 I2TOPIAZ. A. 23. 
 
 dyp ylverai. tpofyy] Se 
 
 
 * eTreifiav jap irvp dva/<avo-a)0'i, fiar- 
 
 
 elcriv ev TO> 
 
 xrTrep 
 
 XUTTTOVO-I rov 
 
 . (T/TCO (JjV $V) T p- 
 
 ecmv 
 
 o0A//3c / &oev0 e^ KvXiKa vypov avieiq 
 ^povov. ov [AVJV amvpovcrt ye KCU 
 
 ' aXX ov$e TVJV crvvovcrlav ol 
 ev Talq f e$pai$ Trape^ovviv, aAX' ev 
 
 tyvvviv vjrep TVJV jacn pOKvypjl&v ' Kel 
 
 
 yap e(7i TerpvjfAevoi. Kao Se 
 
 Tra 
 
 p avTolq yv TTOV n$ $>aXaKpo$ xai
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 65 
 
 not, but is dissolved like smoke and is turned 
 
 into air. One kind of food is common to them Their food. 
 
 all, for they kindle a fire and broil frogs upon the 
 
 coals, which are with them in infinite numbers 
 
 flying in the air, and whilst they are broiling, 
 
 they sit round about them as it were about a 
 
 table, and lap up the smoke that riseth from 
 
 them, and feast themselves therewith, and 
 
 this is all their feeding. For their drink they Their drink. 
 
 have air beaten in a mortar, which yieldeth 
 
 a kind of moisture much like unto dew. They 
 
 have no avoidance of excrements, either of 
 
 urine or dung, neither have they any issue 
 
 / 
 for that purpose like unto us. Their boys 
 
 admit copulation, not like unto ours, but 
 in their hams, a little above the calf of 
 the leg, for there they are open. They hold
 
 66 AAH0OY2 IZTOPIAZ. A. 24. 
 
 * v fc v 
 ^, TOV$ be 
 
 7Tl 8e TtOV 
 
 * 
 
 jap Tive$, 01 KCLI ire pi eKelvwv 
 
 KCfji (A f r]v KM jeveiotj (f)vov(ri [AiKpov iirep ra 
 
 ev 
 
 it ay-re q elvi 
 
 viiep 8e ra$ irvjaq exacTTa) avTCu 
 eK7re(f)VK paKpa (ZcTTrep ovpa, OaXXovcra e 
 
 dei Kai VTTTIOV avaTrhrrovro^ ov 
 
 24. ' ATTOfAVTTOVTai 6 
 
 y TTOVUHTIV y yvpjvatlpvTai, ya- 
 
 irav TO crtofAa iftpovaiv, ajcrre 
 
 rvpov$ dii avTov TtyyvvcrOai, oXiyov TOV 
 [AeXtTO<; 7no"ra%avTe$ * eXaiov Se TTOIOVVTCU
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 67 
 
 it a great ornament to be bald, for hairy Because that 
 
 J Comets seem 
 to be hairy, 
 
 persons are abhorred with them, and yet and have their 
 
 name from 
 
 among the stars that are comets it is thought 
 commendable, as some that have travelled 
 those coasts reported unto us. Such beards 
 as they have are growing a little above their 
 knees. They have no nails on their feet, for 
 their whole foot is all but one toe. Every 
 one of them at the point of his rump hath a 
 long colewort growing out instead of a tail, 
 always green and flourishing, which though 
 a man fall upon his back, cannot be broken. 
 The dropping of their noses is more sweet than 
 honey. When they labour or exercise them- 
 selves, they anoint their body with milk, 
 whereinto if a little of that honey chance to 
 drop, it will be turned into cheese. They 
 
 F 2
 
 68 AAH6OYZ I2TOPIA2. A. 
 
 \ ~ 
 
 airo T(*)v KpofA/AvcDV Travv Xmapov re Kat 
 
 
 v$pofyopov<;' cu yap pouyeq 
 e\<Jiv wcrTre aXa^a, KCLI 
 
 
 K/va$, Tore Ttpoq y][jjoi$ Kara- 
 
 TCOV /3o- 
 
 v. ry [AevTOi ye ya&rpi ova 
 
 TiOevreg ev avTy ocrwv 
 yap avroig avry Kat TraXiv 
 
 ' V 
 
 TJ TOVTO /AOVOV, OTI ^avela 
 Kai \avioq eo"riv 9 cocrre Kai 
 
 veoyva, eirei^av piyuxriv, e$ ravT/iv VTTO- 
 
 6 Tolq (Av TrXovo-lots vaXt 
 
 25.
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 69 
 
 make very fat oil of their beans, and of as 
 
 delicate a savour as any sweet ointment. They 
 
 have many vines in those parts, which yield 
 
 them but water : for the grapes that hang upon 
 
 the clusters are like our hailstones : and I verily 
 
 think that when the vines there are shaken 
 
 with a strong wind, there falls a storm of hail h j/ ie cause of 
 
 amongst us by the breaking down of those 
 
 kind of berries. Their bellies stand them 
 
 instead of satchels to put in their necessaries, 
 
 which they may open and shut at their 
 
 pleasure, for they have neither liver nor any 
 
 kind of entrails, only they are rough and hairy 
 
 within, so that when their young children are 
 
 cold, they may be enclosed therein to keep 
 
 them warm. The rich men have garments
 
 70 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 25. 
 
 jap Ta eKel %u>pia Kai epya- 
 
 TOV (L\KOV V^dTl V7TO3aVT 60(7- 
 
 ra epia. Trepi (AevTOi TOJV 
 diovq e%ov(7iv, OATVCO ^ev e/7re7v, 
 
 TO amo-rov TOV Xoyov. 
 
 TOVTO 
 
 
 ^ KCLI o /3ovXo/Avo$ e^e- 
 
 rovg avTOv TvtyXwTTei ecrr av 
 
 ifieiv' oiiTO) 8' v6e/Ai>o$ opa,' KCLI 
 
 TOV$ a^)Tpovq aTio\(TCLVTe^ Trap 
 
 opajcriv. elvi 8' 0*1 KOA 7roXXov<; 
 e%ov<iiv, ol TrXovcrioi. TO, com &e 
 tyvXXa evTtv avTol$ TrXyv ye 
 
 TO!<; djro reoV /SaXaz^cov* eKelvoi jap 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 71 
 
 of glass, very soft and delicate : the poorer 
 sort of brass woven, whereof they have great 
 plenty, which they enseam with water to make 
 it fit for the workman, as we do our wool. If 
 I should write what manner of eyes they have, 
 I doubt I should be taken for a liar in publish- 
 ing a matter so incredible : yet I cannot choose 
 but tell it : for they have eyes to take in and The like is 
 
 feigned by the 
 1-i-t 11 . Poets of the 
 
 out as please themselves : and when a man is Gorg, three 
 
 sisters that had 
 
 so disposed, he may take them out and lay fe/aJT/^ 
 
 which they 
 
 them by till he have occasion to use them, and wf en ^ *tS 
 
 went abroad. 
 
 then put them in and see again : many when 
 they have lost their own eyes, borrow of others, 
 for the rich have many lying by them. Their 
 ears are all made of the leaves of plane-trees, 
 excepting those that come of acorns, for they 
 only have them made of wood.
 
 72 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. A. 26, 27. 
 
 26. Ka/ ^v Ara/ aXXo 6avj&a, ev 
 /80K7/Xe/o/ edeacra/Ayv' KMTOTTTpov 
 Kefrai vjrep (f)peaTO$ ov TT&VV 
 ev ovv eq TO (f)peap Kara/3^ TI$, dtcovei 
 
 TCOV Trap y/iiv ev TTJ 
 , eav Se eq TO KCLTOirTpov a 
 fiev 7roAe/, Travra Se eOvvj opci 
 
 
 TOT KOA 
 
 eya) eOeao-a/Ayv K&I Trao-av TTJV 
 el Se KMKeivoi efie ewpcov, OVK %CD TO 
 
 OCTTI<; e TavTa (Ay TTICT- 
 
 TVl OVTOJg %IV, (LV 7TOT6 K(Ll 
 
 e/ce/Ve 
 
 27. Tore 8 QVV acrTracra/Aevoi TQV 
 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 73 
 
 I saw also another strange thing in the same 
 court : a mighty great glass lying upon the top 
 of a pit of no great depth, whereinto, if any 
 man descend, he shall hear everything that is 
 spoken upon the earth : if he but look into 
 the glass, he shall see all cities and all nations 
 as well as if he were among them. There 
 had I the sight of all my friends and the whole 
 country about : whether they saw me or not 
 I cannot tell : but if they believe it not to be 
 so, let them take the pains to go thither them- 
 selves and they shall find my words true. 
 Then we took our leaves of the king and such 
 as were near him, and took shipping and 
 departed : at which time Endymion bestowed 
 upon me two mantles made of their glass, and
 
 74 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. A. 28. 
 
 [JjV TOJV VCLkiv&V %lTO)Va)V, TTEVTe 6 
 
 , KCLI TravoTrXiav QeAlvtV, a Trdvra ev 
 
 TCO KT/Tei KareXiTTOV. 
 
 >/ 
 
 28. Ev &e TO) TrapaTrXcp TroXXag [Aev KOI 
 
 r 
 
 
 TOV V}\IQV ev %ptp 
 
 ov jap asnefi'YjfAev Kalroi TroXXa raiv era/- 
 
 o avjjO< OVK 
 
 . eOeai/AeOa fAevroi VYJV %a)pav ev 
 
 T KOA TTIOVO, KCLi VV$pOV KOLl 
 
 Se T^oi 
 
 o
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 75 
 
 five of brass, with a complete armour of those 
 shells of lupins, all which I left behind me in 
 the whale : and sent with us a thousand of his 
 Hippogypians to conduct us five hundred 
 furlongs on our way. In our course we 
 coasted many other countries, and lastly 
 arrived at the Morning Star now newly 
 inhabited, where we landed and took in fresh 
 water : from thence we entered the Zodiac, 
 passing by the Sun, and, leaving it on our 
 right hand, took our course near unto the shore, 
 but landed not in the country, though our 
 company did much desire it, for the wind 
 would not give us leave : but We saw it was a 
 flourishing region, fat and well watered, 
 abounding with all delights : but the Nephelo- 
 centaurs espying us, who were mercenary
 
 76 AAHOOYZ IZTOPIAZ. A. 29. 
 
 ] TOJ> 
 
 Qovri, 7r7TT7]o-ai> em vtjv vowv 
 
 e KCLI ol iTTTToyviroi aTT 
 
 29. 
 
 irepi ecnrepOjV 
 
 jv Av%vo7ToXiv KaXov/Aevy/v, rfiv] TOV Kara) 
 
 $1(JDKOVT$. 7] 6 TToX/^ aVTTj KCITOU 
 
 v rov ITXe/aScov KOA TOV 'Ta 
 
 TtoXv TOV 
 
 KOV. a7roavT e vcoTTOv ^ev ov 
 
 fieva 
 
 KCLI ev TV} wyopci Kai Trepi TOV 
 
 elitelv TrevyTas, oXiyov$ Se TCOV 
 
 v xai
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 77 
 
 soldiers to Phaethon, made to our ship as fast 
 as they could, and finding us to be friends, 
 said no more unto us, for our Hyppogypians 
 were departed before. Then we made for- 
 wards all the next night and day, and about 
 evening-tide following we came to a city called 
 Lychnopolis, still holding on our course down- e cif y f 
 wards. This city is seated in the air between 
 the Pleiades and the Hyades, somewhat lower 
 than the Zodiac, and arriving there, not a man 
 was to be seen, but lights in great numbers 
 running to and fro, which were employed, some 
 in the market place, and some about the haven, 
 of which many were little, and as a man may 
 say, but poor things ; some again were great 
 and mighty, exceeding glorious and resplen-
 
 78 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 29. 
 
 
 
 01 OjvOpunroi) KCLI (f)a)vvjv 7rpo'ie[Aeva)v 
 
 yjKOvo/Aev, KCM ovftev vj/Aois yftiKOvv, a 
 KOA em %ev!a exaXovv ' ypjelq Se 
 
 ovre &6/7rvo-a/ olre 
 
 
 ev pecry T/J TroXe/ TreTro/^ra/, ev()a o 
 avT(jji> 5/a WKtoq 
 
 % 
 
 amoQavelv co^ A/TTOOV 
 ^/v" o &e 6avaro<; evn crfiecrOyvai. 
 
 TO, 
 TCOV Xi^vcov airoXoyov- 
 
 e 
 
 
 KCLl 
 
 3a$vvw. evda, 
 
 TOV
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 79 
 
 dent, and there were places of receipt for them 
 all ; every one had his name as well as men ; 
 and we did hear them speak. These did us 
 no harm, but invited us to feast with them, 
 yet we were so fearful, that we durst neither 
 eat nor sleep as long as we were there. Their 
 court of justice standeth in the midst of the 
 city, where the governor sitteth all the night 
 long calling every one by name, and he that 
 answereth not is adjudged to die, as if he had 
 forsaken his ranks. Their death is to be 
 quenched. We also standing amongst them A very pro- 
 
 per death. 
 
 saw what was done, and heard what answers 
 the lights made for themselves, and the reasons 
 they alleged for tarrying so long : there we 
 also knew our own light, and spake unto it,
 
 8o AAHGOY2 12TOPIA2. A. 29. 
 
 KOA TtpocreiTrwv avrov irepi 
 
 OIKOV e^vudojvo^v OTTOX; %oiev' o 
 
 OVV 
 
 exelvyv 
 
 
 xai 
 
 i ov 
 
 ov jap eta TO 
 
 Xeveiv [Aevroi avrajv eXejero Kopojvo$ o 
 KoTTV<f)i(t)vo$. KCM eyco e/JtV^aB^v Ap 
 
 TOV VOIT/TOI), (LV^pOq (TO(f)OV KGM a 
 
 e aTTo ravTys y/tepa 
 
 ye roiv ev ro5 aepi 
 KOI
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 81 
 
 and questioned it of our affairs at home, and 
 how all did there, which related everything 
 unto us. That night we made our abode there, 
 and on the next morrow returned to our ship, 
 and sailing near unto the clouds had a sight 
 
 which could 
 
 of the city Nephelococcygia, which we beheld %* as al1 done 
 
 amongst them. 
 
 with great wonder, but entered not into it, for 
 the wind was against us. The king thereof 
 was Coronus, the son of Cottyphion : and I 
 could not choose but think upon the poet 
 Aristophanes, how wise a man he was, and / his 
 
 comedy called 
 
 how true a reporter, and how little cause there which ""he 
 
 wrote against 
 
 is to question his fidelity for what he hath Socrates - 
 written. 
 
 The third after, the ocean appeared plainly 
 unto us, though we could see no land but 
 what was in the air, and those countries also
 
 82 AAH00Y2 IZTOPIAZ. A. 
 
 7Tp 
 
 fiplav fAaXaKOJ$ ev8/8ovro roS 
 KOA (TWifywoirro$ eiri ryv OaXaTTav 
 
 so. e TOV 
 
 Kai 
 
 K TOJV Traovrcov TTOIOV- 
 
 
 vTes V7i%o{Ae6a' Kai jap 
 
 ovcra KOA ev&radovv TO 
 
 
 iroXXaKu; y Trog TO 
 
 jap 
 ev evfila TrXevcravTes 
 
 a<pvco opaj/juev Oypla Kai KiqTV] TroXXa 
 Kai aXXa, ev e ae 
 
 f
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 83 
 
 seemed to be fiery and of a glittering colour. 
 The fourth day about noon, the wind gently 
 forbearing, settled us fair and leisurely into the 
 sea ; and as soon as we found ourselves upon 
 water, we were surprised with incredible glad- 
 ness, and our joy was unexpressible : we 
 feasted and made merry with such provision 
 as we had ; we cast ourselves into the sea, 
 and swam up and down for our disport, for 
 it was a calm. But oftentimes it falleth out 
 that the change to the better is the beginning 
 of greater evils : for when we had made only 
 two days' sail in the water, as soon as the 
 third day appeared, about sun-rising, upon a 
 sudden we saw many monstrous fishes and 
 whales : but one above the rest, containing in A fish of 
 
 an indifferent 
 
 greatness fifteen hundred furlongs, which came she - 
 
 G 2
 
 84 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 31. 
 
 
 cov %i7Jtx)v KCLI TrevTaxoo-lcDv TO /Ae 
 e Ke^yvos KCLI irpo TroXXov TCLpCLTTOV 
 fypc 
 
 pco re 
 
 KCLI TOV Q^OVTOj eKOAVOV TTOXV TO)V 
 
 uicnrep GKoXoTrag KCLI \evi<ovq (cnrep 
 faurrfoovg. Tjfj^eiq {Aev ovv TO VCTTUTOV 
 
 O 6 
 
 e/AVO(AV TO 6 7j TTCLpyjV KOA 
 
 crav ^a^ avTy vyi KOLTeiriev. ov 
 
 crvvapa^ai TO!<; o^ovviv, oiXXa 
 TCOV dpaia)/AaTO)v TJ vavq eg TO ecra) 
 
 iT-,\^\/^ ^ \ \ 
 
 si. hiTre/ 6e evbov yjuuev, TO pev 
 
 KCLI OV$V (*)pUJ{Aei>, V(TTpQV 6 
 
 KCLI
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 85 
 
 i 
 
 gaping upon us and troubled the sea round 
 about him, so that he was compassed on every 
 side with froth and foam, showing his teeth 
 afar off, which were longer than any beech 
 trees are with us, all as sharp as needles, and 
 as white as ivory: then we took, as we thought, 
 our last leaves one of another, and embracing 
 together, expected our ending day. The 
 monster was presently with us, and swallowed 
 us up ship and all ; but by chance he caught 
 us not between his chops, for the ship slipped 
 through the void passages down into his 
 entrails. When we were thus got within him 
 we continued a good while in darkness, and 
 could see nothing till he began to gape, and then 
 we perceived it to be a monstrous whale of a
 
 86 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 32. 
 
 TtdvTy/ 7rXa,Tv KCLI in^Xov, IKCLVOV 
 
 7roXe/ evoiKelv. eKeivro Se ev 
 
 l i%0ve$ KCLI aXXa TroXXa, Gyp/a 
 
 (TVyKKO/A{AVa KCLI 7rAo/W JoT/O- /Ctt/ OJ^KVfXLl 
 
 KOA av6panra)v ocrTea KCLI 
 
 / Xcc/)o/ ycrav, ep^oi 
 
 K 
 
 KCLI 
 
 TTCLVTCL 
 
 crratiioi ^ICLKOVIOI KCLI 
 8e /Se7v KCLI opvecL ra 
 
 KCLI CL\KVOVCL<;, 7Tl 
 
 
 32 
 
 . Tore /,ev ofv 67r/ TroXt; 
 
 VCLVV vir<mi]piafti> 9 avroi 
 
 Se
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 87 
 
 huge breadth and height, big enough to contain 
 a city that would hold ten thousand men : and 
 within we found small fishes and many other 
 creatures chopped in pieces, and the masts 
 of ships and anchors and bones of men and 
 luggage. In the midst of him was earth and 
 hills, which were raised, as I conjectured, by 
 the settling of the mud which came down his 
 throat, for woods grew upon them and trees 
 of all sorts and all manner of herbs, and it A country 
 
 within the 
 
 looked as if it had been husbanded. The 
 compass of the land was two hundred and 
 forty furlongs : there were also to be seen 
 all kind of sea fowl, as gulls, halcyons, and 
 others that had made their nests upon the 
 trees. Then we fell to weeping abundantly, 
 but at the last I roused up my company, and
 
 88 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIAZ. A. 32. 
 
 xai 
 
 vov K TO>I> 
 
 K&I TravTofiaTra Kpea TWV 
 
 Tl TO K TOV 
 
 , el TTOTC ava- 
 
 &e 
 
 %ai,voi TO KVJTO<;, ewpcofiev aXXore fiev 
 aXXore 8e o^oy, aXXore e povov TO 
 ovpdwv, 7ro\\OjKiq e KCLI vydovq' KCLI yap 
 
 
 ottvrov 
 
 7% OaJwrryg. ejrei e v 
 eyevo/AeOa, Xaffcov 
 
 
 
 TO, TZCLVTCL /3ovXo[Aevo$. OVTTOI) Se 
 TtevTe fiieXdaiv trrao/of^ elpov lepov 
 
 KOA 
 
 OV

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 89 
 
 propped up our ship, and struck fire. Then 
 we made ready supper of such as we had, 
 for abundance of all sort of fish lay ready 
 by us, and we had yet water enough left which 
 we brought out of the Morning Star. The 
 next morrow we rose to watch when the whale 
 should gape : and then looking out, we could 
 sometimes see mountains, sometimes only the 
 skies, and many times islands, for we found 
 that the fish carried himself with great swift- 
 ness to every part of the sea. When we grew 
 weary of this, I took seven of my company, 
 and went into the wood to see what I could 
 find there, and we had not gone above five 
 furlongs but we light upon a temple erected 
 to Neptune, as by the title appeared, and not 
 far off we espied many sepulchres and pillars
 
 90 AAH9OY2 I2TOPIAZ. A. 33. 
 
 re 
 
 KVVO$ 
 
 , eTi &e Kai 
 
 TroppcoOev Kai TWO, 
 
 
 33. Trov ovv 
 
 i veavlcTKCp paXa, 
 
 diro 
 
 
 ovv a>yi*aj KCLI (frofiyBevreg 
 
 Se T&VTOV TMV co TO eiKo Trad- 
 
 ovreq avavboi Ttaea'VYjKeo-av " ovco 8e o 
 
 ec|wy, Tive<; a pa v/Ae7$ eo-re, co 
 y wrepov, efaj, roiv evaXicDV 
 
 y a 
 
 avOpanroi 
 
 jap y/Ae?*; av6p(*)7roi ovreq Kai ev y 
 vw OaXarTioi yeyova/Aev KOA
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 91 
 
 placed upon them, with a fountain of clear 
 water close unto it : we also heard the barking 
 of a dog, and saw smoke rise afar off, so that 
 we judged there was some dwelling thereabout. 
 Wherefore making the more haste, we lighted 
 upon an old man and a youth, who were very 
 busy in making a garden and in conveying 
 water by a channel from the fountain into it : 
 whereupon we were surprised both with joy and 
 fear : and they also were brought into the 
 same taking, and for a long time remained 
 mute. But after some pause, the old man 
 said, What are ye, you strangers ? any of the 
 sea spirits ? or miserable men like unto us ? for 
 we that are men by nature, born and bred 
 in the earth, are now sea-dwellers, and swim
 
 92 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. A. 33. 
 
 ra> Treieovri rovra) 
 
 ovtf a 7rdo-%ofAv aKpij3a>$ effioreg* reOvd- 
 vai pev jap eiKafy/Aev, {fiv &e 7ri<rTvo{Av. 
 og ravra Ka/yco enrov ' Ka/ Tj 
 vev]Xv$$, a) Ttajrep, UVTCO 
 
 TtpoyXOopev 8e 
 ra ev TTJ vXy ax; 
 yap rig xai Xacriog etyaivero. 
 
 cog eoiKev, y/Aag v/yaye ae re 
 Kai eivoftevovg ori [Ay (AOVOI ev 
 Kadeipy/^eBa rojj dypicp " aXXa fypacrov 
 
 ye yjiilv ryv cravrov rv%yv, ocrrig re 
 
 o7T(t)g ftevpo eleyXOeg. o Se ov Ttporepov 
 epelv ov$e Trevo'eo'Bai Trap yfAcov Ttpiv 
 raw irapovratv {Aerafiovvai, Kai Xa/3a)v 
 yyev em ryv oiK/av eTFeirohjTO 8e
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 93 
 
 up and down within the Continent of this 
 whale, and know not certainly what to think 
 of ourselves : we are like to men that be dead, 
 and yet believe ourselves to be alive. Where- 
 unto I answered, For our parts, father, we are 
 men also, newly come hither, and swallowed 
 up ship and all but yesterday : and now come 
 purposely within this wood which is so large 
 and thick : some good angel, I think, did 
 guide us hither to have the sight of you, 
 and to make us know that we are not the 
 only men confined within this monster : tell 
 us therefore your fortunes, we beseech you, 
 what you are, and how you came into this 
 
 ITT" 111 1 I* W(IS a 
 
 place. But he answered, You shall not hear custom * 
 
 ancient times 
 .. r . .to entertain all 
 
 a word irom me, nor ask any more questions strangers -with 
 
 a feast before 
 
 until you have taken part of such viands as
 
 94 AAH9OY2 IZTOPIAZ. A. 34. 
 
 TO 
 
 \>/A ^ ' /)" '' s\v ^ 
 
 re /ca/ aucpQQpva* K&I i%vv$, ex/ Oe KCLI 
 
 oivov 
 
 
 7rvv()avTO a eireTrovOeifAev' 
 
 TOV re %ei/jtj)vaj Kai 
 ev ry vy(TCp Kai TOV ev ro3 aepi 
 
 
 TOV TToXeaov, Kai TO, 
 
 TO 
 
 34. e v7T>avAao-a Kai avTO ev 
 
 
 ra /cafi' eavrov 8/e^e/ Xeycov, To 
 
 e/^/, o> 
 
 8e /car' efiTtopiav airo rfy Trarpwog 
 
 ov o^are, /^a/ aXXcov TroXXcov o/Ve- 
 eTrXeov e/ 'iraX/W TTO//C/XOV 
 
 67T/ veco^ ^eyaXoy^, ^v ern
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 95 
 
 we are able to afford you. So he took us 
 and brought us into his house, which was 
 sufficient to serve his turn : his pallets were 
 prepared, and all things else made ready. 
 Then he set before us herbs and nuts and 
 fish, and filled out of his own wine unto us : 
 and when we were sufficiently satisfied, he 
 then demanded of us what fortunes we had 
 endured, and I related all things to him in 
 order that had betide unto us, the tempest, 
 the passages in the island, our navigation in 
 the air, our war, and all the rest, even till 
 our diving into the whale. Whereat he 
 wondered exceedingly, and began to deliver 
 also what had befallen to him, and said, By 
 lineage, O ye strangers, I am of the isle An island 
 
 J in the eastern 
 
 Cyprus, and travelling from mine own country MBkrr**e* 
 
 /r J Sea, betwixt 
 
 as a merchant, with this my son you see here, c*.
 
 96 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. A. 34. 
 
 TOV 
 
 ovv 
 
 eq TOV w/ceavov 
 
 TO) /CT6/ 7TelTVOVT KCLl 
 
 aXXow 
 
 Se TO eral 
 
 Kai VCLW TO 
 
 lov 
 
 6 (7lTOV[AVOl 
 
 axpoftpva,. TroXXoy 8e, co^ o^are, oy IXoy, 
 a/&7reXov$ e%ei TroXXa^, a^)' 
 
 p 
 
 7/yvera/ " 
 
 i \f/v%pcrrarov 
 
 evvv/v e a?ro 
 Trvp acfrGovov Kalofiev Kai opvea
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 97 
 
 and many other friends with me, made a 
 voyage for Italy in a great ship full fraught 
 with merchandise, which perhaps you have 
 seen broken in pieces in the mouth of the 
 whale. We sailed with fair weather till we 
 were as far as Sicily, but there we were over- 
 taken with such a boisterous storm that the 
 third day we were driven into the ocean, where 
 it was our fortune to meet with this whale 
 which swallowed us all up, and only we two 
 escaped with our lives ; all the rest perished, 
 whom we have here buried and built a temple 
 to Neptune. Ever since we have continued 
 this course of life, planting herbs and feeding 
 upon fish and nuts : here is wood enough, you 
 see, and plenty of vines which yield most deli- 
 cate wine : we have also a well of excellent cool 
 water, which it may be you have seen : we 
 
 H
 
 98 AAH00Y2 IZTOPIAZ. A. 35. 
 
 rd eivTreTOAeva Kai 
 
 7Tl TO, 
 
 rov Bypiov, evQa Kai Xovo/ieOa, OTrorav 
 
 KOM XiAv ov 
 
 ecrriv aXfivpa crra&/cov el/coai TO 
 
 e%ovcra 7ravTO$a,7rov<;, ev 97 KOM 
 
 
 o 
 
 7rra KCLI 
 
 35. 
 
 TO, PJV ahXoij icrctx; fyepeiv e8f- 
 , oi e yeiroveg 
 
 re 
 
 ovreq KOA aypioi. H jap, etyyv eyco, Kai 
 eq elcriv ev TO) xyrei ; HoXXol (iev, 
 
 , KOA a^evoi Kai rag 
 ra fiev jap e&Trepia Kai ovpa7a
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 99 
 
 make our beds of the leaves of trees, and burn 
 as much wood as we will : we chase after the 
 birds that fly about us, and go out upon the 
 gills of the monster to catch after live fishes : 
 here we bathe ourselves when we are disposed, 
 for we have a lake of salt water not far off, 
 about some twenty furlongs in compass, full of 
 sundry sorts of fish, in which we swim and 
 sail upon it in a little boat of mine own 
 making. This is the seven-and-twentieth year 
 of our drowning, and with all this we might be 
 well enough contented if our neighbours and 
 borderers about us were not perverse and 
 troublesome, altogether insociable and of stern 
 condition. Is it so, indeed, said I, that there 
 should be any within the whale but your- 
 selves ? Many, said he, and such as are un- 
 reconcilable towards strangers, and of mon- 
 
 II 2
 
 ioo AAH9OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 35. 
 
 OIKOVGIV, eOvoq j^eXva)7rov KCLI 
 
 KUI Qpaav KCLI 
 
 TO, 6 
 
 TOV e/ov roov 
 
 
 TCOV aXXcov* xa 
 
 \ / / \ 
 
 KCLl &VVVOK(f>(lXoi (TVpjfJjOj^iaV T Kdl 
 \ t \ / \ s\\ 
 
 eavrovg TreTroiyfAevoi ' ryv Se 
 vefiovrai Ha/yovpi$ai KUI 
 
 KOA ftpofAiKOJTUTOV ' ra 
 irpoq aura) T 
 
 Se 
 
 irpoq aura) TW GTOAaTi ra 
 
 ecrri 
 
 ravra 
 
 6a- 
 
 
 ocrrpeia
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 101 
 
 strous and deformed proportions. The western 
 countries and the tail-part of the wood are 
 inhabited by the Tarychanians that look like 
 eels, with faces like a lobster : these are war- 
 like, fierce, and feed upon raw flesh : they 
 that dwell towards the right side are called 
 Tritonomendetans, which have their upper 
 parts like unto men, their lower parts like cats, 
 and are less offensive than the rest. On the 
 left side inhabit the Carcinochirians and the 
 Thinnocephalians, which are in league one with 
 another : the middle region is possessed by the 
 Paguridians, and the Psettopodians, a warlike 
 nation and swift of foot : eastwards towards 
 the mouth is for the most part desert, as over- 
 washed by the sea : yet am I fain to take that 
 for my dwelling, paying yearly to the Psetto- 
 podians in way of tribute five hundred oysters.
 
 102 AAH60Y2 I2TOPIA2. A. 36. 
 
 36. ' 
 
 
 K&I OTTOX; 
 
 
 Hocroi 5e, etyyv eyco, Travreg ovro 
 HXelov^ ec/)^, TCOV ^/X/W. f/ O?rXa 
 
 / j\ 5rs, r^'5s r ir j, -\ v 
 
 TIVO, ecrriv avrou; ; U^dev, ecp^, TTA^V 
 TCOV i%6va)v. QVKQVV, efyyv 
 
 
 are o^cr/v avo?rXo/^ avrov$ ye 
 (Avov$ " e/ 766/2 KparycrofAev avraJv, 
 
 TOV XO/TTOV 8/ 
 
 
 em vavv 
 
 a/r/a Se roS TroXepov e^eXXev e&ecrOai TOV 
 
 OVK MTd$00V, ^9; T^ 7T 
 
 >o'yj$. Kai Soy o/ />cev eire/jjirov
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 103 
 
 Of so many nations doth this country consist. 
 We must therefore devise among ourselves 
 either how to be able to fight with them, or 
 how to live among them. What number may 
 they all amount unto ? said I. More than a 
 thousand, said he. And what armour have 
 they? None at all, said he, but the bones 
 of fishes. Then were it our best course, said I, 
 to encounter them, being provided as we are, 
 and they without weapons, for if we prove too 
 hard for them we shall afterward live out of 
 fear. This we concluded upon, and went to 
 our ship to furnish ourselves with arms. The 
 occasion of war we gave by non-payment of 
 tribute, which then was due, for they sent their 
 messengers to demand it, to whom he gave a 
 harsh and scornful answer, and sent them
 
 104 AAHGOY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 37. 
 
 Trpcoroi ouv ol ^TTOTroSe^ teat ol Hayovpftai 
 
 ro5 ^Kivdapco TOVTO jap 
 /^era TroXXoS 6opv/3ov eTry 
 37. ypjclq Se rqv e 
 
 dvfipcov TrevTe Kai *LKQ<TIV 
 
 Kai OVTO)$ 
 
 jap KaroTTKrOev CKOTTTOV avrovg, 
 l 8e Kai avroi TrevTe Kai eiKOGi rov 
 
 ovreq Kai jap o ^KivBapo*; Kai 
 o TTOI<; avrov (rvvecrTpaTevovTO 
 
 KOA (jv^/jjl^auTeq OvfAto Kai 
 . reXog &e rpoiryv
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 105 
 
 packing with their arrant. But the Psetto 
 podians and Paguridians, taking it ill at the 
 hands of Scintharus, for so was the man named, 
 came against us with great tumult : and we, 
 suspecting what they would do, stood upon our 
 guard to wait for them, and laid five-and- 
 twenty of our men in ambush, commanding 
 them as soon as the enemy was passed by to 
 set upon them, who did so, and arose out of 
 their ambush, and fell upon the rear. We also 
 being fi ve-and-twenty in number (for Scintharus who supplied 
 
 the room of the 
 11- 1111 \i t' itjo that were 
 
 and his son were marshalled among us) ad- //. 
 vanced to meet with them, and encountered 
 them with great courage and strength : but in 
 the end we put them to flight and pursued 
 them to their very dens. Of the enemies were
 
 io6 AAH0OYZ I2TOPIAS. A. 38. 
 
 TOV<; 
 
 TCOV 
 
 KO,l eKUTOV, tf/ACOV 6 6/ KCM 
 
 TO 
 
 38. KIV7V JjV OVV 
 
 
 ry vovepala 
 
 
 ] ol aXXoi ai(i6o/Avoi irapycrav, TO 
 Kepaq e%ovTe<; ol 
 
 TO 8e evcovviov ol 
 
 , TO fiecrov 6 ol 
 ol jap TpiTtovofjjev^yTeq TTJV 
 
 Trpoaipovfievoi 
 
 
 7rpoa7ravT7ja'avTe<; avTolq Trapa TO Tloorei-
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 107 
 
 slain an hundred threescore and ten, and but 
 one of us besides Trigles, our pilot, who was 
 thrust through the back with a fish's rib. All 
 that day following and the night after we 
 lodged in our trenches, and set on end a dry 
 backbone of a dolphin instead of a trophy. 
 
 The next morrow the rest of the country 
 people, perceiving what had happened, came to 
 assault us. The Tarychanians were ranged in 
 the right wing, with Pelamus their captain : the 
 Thinnocephalians were placed in the left wing : 
 the Carcinochirians made up the main battle : 
 for the Tritonomendetans stirred not, neither 
 would they join with either part. About the 
 temple of Neptune we met with them, and 
 joined fight with a great cry, which was
 
 io8 AAH60Y2 IZTOPIA2. A. 39. 
 
 Se TO KVTO$ axnrep ra 
 
 aviovq are 
 
 i KaTa$ia)%ai>T$ e$ TTJV vXyv TO XOITTOV 
 
 39. KOA {AT 0V TTOXv KTjpVKOj^ a7TOC7- 
 
 T (LvOVVTO KGU, 
 
 S/eXeyovro. ypJiv Se OVK 
 cr7rV$O"()ai, dXXa TTJ 
 
 CTT avTOv$ 
 
 TOV 
 
 OVTOI Se o5^ e/Sov ra yiyvofteva, 
 
 
 6dXa,TTav. ypjelq Se TVJV 
 
 TO 
 
 XOITTOV aSeco KaTCKOVtev TO, TroXXa
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 109 
 
 answered with an echo out of the whale as if 
 it had been out of a cave : but we soon put 
 them to flight, being naked people, and chased 
 them into the wood, making ourselves masters 
 of the country. Soon after they sent ambas- 
 sadors to us to crave the bodies of the dead 
 and to treat upon conditions of peace ; but we 
 had no purpose to hold friendship with them, 
 but set upon them the next day and put them 
 all to the sword except the Tritonomendetans, 
 who, seeing how it fared with the rest of their 
 fellows, fled away through the gills of the fish, 
 and cast themselves into the sea. Then we 
 travelled all the country over, which now was 
 desert, and dwelt there afterwards without fear 
 of enemies, spending the time in exercise of the
 
 no AAHBOY2 IZTOPIAZ. A. 40. 
 
 TOV KOjpTTQV 
 
 TOV K rctju Sevcov, Ara/ 
 
 V 
 
 KCLI \e\vp*evoi$. eviavrov 
 
 f*ev ovv Kai PJTJVOU; o/crco TOVTOV 
 
 TOV TpOTTOV. 
 
 40. TO) 8' evaTO) /AVJVI TtefATTT'fl 
 
 tyV $VTpaV TOV (TTO/ACLTOC 
 
 jap S'jy TOVTO KaTa Tyv ojpav 
 
 7TOll TO KWTOq, COC7T6 
 
 ovv 
 
 T7JV 
 
 \ \ *\ / ^ / \ 
 
 T TroAA'jy Kai 6opv/3o$ y/toveTO Kai 
 (jjcnrep KeXev&fAaTa Kai elpeo-lai' Tapa%- 
 ovv dveipTrvcrauev eif avTO TO
 
 TRUE HISTORY. in 
 
 body and in hunting, in planting vineyards and 
 gathering fruit of the trees, like such men as 
 live delicately and have the world at will, in a 
 spacious and unavoidable prison. This kind 
 of life led we for a year and eight months, but 
 when the fifth day of the ninth month was 
 come, about the time of the second opening of 
 his mouth (for so the whale did once every A 
 
 clock. 
 
 hour, whereby we conjectured how the hours 
 went away), I say about the second opening, 
 upon a sudden we heard a great cry and a 
 mighty noise like the calls of mariners and the 
 stirring of oars, which troubled us not a little. 
 Wherefore we crept up to the very mouth of 
 the fish, and standing within his teeth, saw 
 the strangest sight that ever eye beheld men
 
 U2 AAHBOY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 40. 
 
 crro/Ao, TOV Ovjplov Kdi cnavTe<; 
 
 
 eyco ewov Oea/Aarcov 7Tapa$Q%OTaTOV 9 av- 
 
 ovov 
 
 
 
 v. o/a [jjev ovv 
 
 dcov, Xe^co Se 
 
 ycrav eTTi^Keiq p^ev, ov Trdvv &e 
 
 OGOV K&TOV (7Ta&/0)V CKaO'TT TO 
 
 ' eiri e UVTCOV ejrXeov TCOV dv- 
 
 IKO(71 KCLl * 
 
 01 
 
 
 
 em
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 113 
 
 of monstrous greatness, half a furlong in 
 stature, sailing upon mighty great islands as if 
 they were upon shipboard. I know you will 
 think this smells like a lie, but yet you shall 
 have it. The islands were of a good length 
 indeed, but not very high, containing about an 
 hundred furlongs in compass ; every one of 
 these carried of those kind of men eight-and- 
 twenty, of which some sat on either side of the 
 island and rowed in their course with great 
 cypress trees, branches, leaves and all, instead 
 of oars. On the stern or hinder part, as I take 
 it, stood the governor, upon a high hill, with a 
 brazen rudder of a furlong in length in his 
 hand : on the fore-part stood forty such fellows 
 as those, armed for the fight, resembling men
 
 ii 4 AAH60Y2 I2TOPIA2. A. 41. 
 
 
 TO 
 
 
 7rpcx)pa$ ocrov TerrapaKOVTa, 
 
 K0fjj7j<; ' avTy e Trvp yv KOA 
 
 , (J}(7T 
 
 
 
 
 oey ev eKao-Ty exoXTrov re 
 KOA efyepe tyv vyvov y eOeXoi o 
 
 eipecrlav o%ea}$ e/tivovvro 
 
 
 ra {AUK pa, TOV 
 
 41. TO (AV OVV TTpCOTOV $VO V] T pl<; 
 
 
 eTroXe/AOvv teal 
 
 oi/v di>Ti7rpa)poi
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 115 
 
 in all points but in their hair, which was all 
 fire and burnt clearly, so that they needed no 
 helmets. Instead of sails the wood growing 
 in the island did serve their turns, for the wind 
 blowing against it drave forward the island 
 like a ship, and carried it which way the 
 governor would have it, for they had pilots to 
 direct them, and were as nimble to be stirred 
 with oars as any long-boat. At the first we had 
 the sight but of two or three of them : after- 
 wards appeared no less than six hundred, 
 which, dividing themselves in two parts, pre- 
 pared for encounter, in which many of them A stra,, ge 
 
 $ea-fght. 
 
 by meeting with their barks together were 
 broken in pieces, many were turned over and 
 drowned : they that closed, fought lustily and 
 would not easily be parted, for the soldiers in 
 
 I 2
 
 n6 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. A, 42. 
 
 
 , TroXXa/ e 
 KavretivovTO, at e 
 
 Kaprepcos fiiyyaivll^ovTO KOA ov pa- 
 
 ajreXvovTO " oJ 
 
 
 K&t 
 
 
 9 01 6 7repl7rXKO/AVOl T7J 
 
 
 KCLI eTiTpwcrKOv oo"Tpeloi<; re 
 o'i KCLI O-TTOJJOK; 7rXe()pialot$. 
 42. yyefro &e rcov ^ey Aio\OKVTavpo$, 
 
 , co^ e'&o/ce/, Xe/a^ epexa' 
 
 o
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 117 
 
 the front showed a great deal of valour, enter- 
 ing one upon another, and killed all they could, 
 for none were taken prisoners. Instead of iron 
 grapples they had mighty great polypodes fast A fi& 
 tied, which they cast at the other, and if they 
 once laid hold on the wood they made the isle 
 sure enough for stirring. They darted and 
 wounded one another with oysters that would 
 fill a wain, and sponges as big as an acre. The 
 leader on the one side was ^Eolocentaurus, and 
 of the other Thalassopotes. The quarrel, as it 
 seems, grew about taking a booty : for they 
 said that Thalassopotes drave away many 
 flocks of dolphins that belonged to ^Eolocen- 
 taurus, as we heard by their clamours one to 
 another, and calling upon the names of their
 
 u8 AAH9OYZ IZTOPIAZ. A. 42. 
 
 TOV 
 
 
 
 TCOV /Sad/Xecov e?r//3oco/>G6va)v. re- 
 Se viKUxriv ol TOV AioXoKevravpov Kai 
 
 TCOV TToXe^/COV KOSTO&VQVGIV (lAl 
 
 Kai e/carov KCLI 
 
 , at 
 
 
 irpv/Avav Kpovo-d/Aevai etyevyov. ol 
 TIVO<; 8/o)^avT6^, eTre/Soy ecnrepa, 
 
 TpaTTOfievoi irpo<; ra vavdyia 
 
 eTrexpaTycrav KCLI ra 
 dvetXovro * 
 
 OVK eXarrov TCOV 
 
 S 
 
 
 7Tl T7 K()O,Xy TOV
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 119 
 
 kings : but ^Eolocentaurus had the better of 
 the day and sunk one hundred and fifty of the 
 enemy's islands, and three they took with the 
 men and all. The rest withdrew themselves 
 and fled, whom the other pursued, but not 
 far, because it grew towards evening, but re- 
 turned to those that were wrecked and broken, 
 which they also recovered for the most part, 
 and took their own away with them : for on 
 their part there were no less than fourscore 
 islands drowned. Then they erected a trophy 
 for a monument of this island fight, and 
 fastened one of the enemy's islands with a 
 stake upon the head of the whale. That night 
 they lodged close by the beast, casting their 
 cables about him, and anchored near unto him: 
 their anchors are huge and great, made of
 
 120 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. A. 42. 
 
 v ovv ryv VVKTCL TTepl TO Oyptov ijvXi- 
 
 avrov TO, ajrojeia KOA 
 
 7T O/KV&V TrXvO-lOV OJljl(TajVQl * KO>1 
 
 
 em 
 
 rov 
 
 eif avTOv djreTrXeov ^QAevQi K&I 
 
 TO/UTO, Aev TO,
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 121 
 
 glass, but of a wonderful strength. The 
 morrow after, when they had sacrificed upon 
 the top of the whale, and there buried their 
 dead, they sailed away, with great triumph and 
 songs of victory. And this was the manner of 
 the islands' fight.
 
 AAH9OT2 I2TOPI 
 
 AOT02 AETTEPO2. 
 
 i. To S' a?ro TOVTOV 
 eyco royv ev TO> KTJTCI fiiaiTav a^Qo^evoq re 
 TTJ fiovy, IAVJX&VYJV riva 
 
 an ^e\Gelv yevono * Kai TO 
 
 e&oev <YHMV fiiopv^acri /car a 
 ov roT^ov a?ro^ava/, Ara/ dp^a 
 
 
 ovfiev vvo^ev^ TOV 
 
 opvy(AaTO<; 
 
 oSrco a av TO
 
 LUCIAN: 
 
 HIS TRUE HISTORY. 
 
 THE SECOND BOOK. 
 
 UPON this we began to be weary of our 
 abode in the whale, and our tarriance there did 
 much trouble us. We therefore set all our 
 wits a-work to find out some means or other to 
 clear us from our captivity. First, we thought 
 it would do well to dig a hole through his 
 right side and make our escape that way forth, 
 which we began to labour at lustily ; but after 
 we had pierced him five furlongs deep and 
 found it was to no purpose, we gave it over. 
 Then we devised to set the wood on fire, for
 
 i2 4 AAH90Y2 IZTOPIAS. B. i. 
 
 a7ro6ave7v * ei Se TOVTO yevono, pcfi/a 
 
 . dp^d- 
 
 {A6VOI OVl> C&TTO TU)V OVpaiOJV KaiO(AV, KOA 
 t F \e\\v / 
 
 av- 
 
 TOV 
 
 evaTy crvvie/Aev avTOv VOGOVVTO*;. dpyore- 
 pov yovv dve%a<7t<: 9 xai el Trore 
 (Twelve. Senary Se KOA 
 
 KUI $vcrco$e$ 
 
 ' 
 
 el py rig %avovTO$ avrov 
 
 ev VKu> 
 
 VKpu 
 
 avrco 
 
 TO CTTOfAO, ^lepelvavTet; Tyv VCLVV 
 
 T
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 125 
 
 ( 
 
 that would certainly kill him without all ques- 
 tion, and being once dead, our issue would be 
 easy enough. This we also put in practice, 
 and began our project at the tail end, which 
 burnt seven days and as many nights before he They set t 
 
 whale on fire. 
 
 had any feeling of our fireworks : upon the 
 eighth and ninth days we perceived he began 
 to grow sickly : for he gaped more dully than 
 he was wont to do, and sooner closed his 
 mouth again : the tenth and eleventh he was 
 thoroughly mortified and began to stink : upon 
 the twelfth day we bethought ourselves, though 
 almost too late, that unless we underpropped 
 his chops when he gaped next to keep them 
 from closing, we should be in danger of per- 
 petual imprisonment within his dead carcase 
 and there miserably perish. We therefore
 
 i 2 6 AAH90Y2 IZTOF1A2. B. 2. 
 
 aXXo//,evo/ Kai TO, aXXa eTrny 
 &' e/AeXXev o %Kl 
 
 TO 
 
 2. 
 
 TO 7rXo7ov /ca/ 
 
 TCOV aiwAoTCDV iayayovTes KCLI K 
 
 
 TO> 
 
 TO Tpojraiov y/Aepas re 
 
 voyve/x/za 'ya^ ^y r^ re- 
 
 /ca/ TroorcoAreXXo^ev /ca/ ra 
 
 
 r/vag eTrXeo/Aev cvKpaTO) aepi 
 , ejreiTa, fiopeov crfyo^pov
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 127 
 
 pitched long beams of timber upright within 
 his mouth to keep it from shutting, and then 
 made our ship in a readiness, and provided 
 ourselves with store of fresh water, and all 
 other things necessary for our use, Scintharus 
 taking upon him to be our pilot, and the next 
 morrow the whale died. Then we hauled our 
 ship through the void passages, and fastening 
 cables about his teeth, by little and little settled 
 it into the sea, and mounting the back of the 
 whale, sacrificed to Neptune, and for three 
 days together took up our lodging hard by the 
 trophy, for we were becalmed. The fourth day 
 we put to sea, and met with many dead corpses 
 that perished in the late sea-fight, which our 
 ship hit against, whose bodies we took measure 
 of with great admiration, and sailed for a few
 
 128 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 2. 
 
 eyeve-TQ KGM VTT ' CIVTOV 
 TO TreXayo^ OVK 7ri7roXy$ [AQVOV, 
 bcrov 
 
 jq, coare KUI a7ro/3avTa$ 
 
 
 TOV KVGTooV. 7riJjVOl>TO 6 TOV 7TVV- 
 
 fyepeiv ov ^vva/^evot ro/ov&e r/ 
 
 - 6 
 
 oyv ^KivOapoq ovca^avre^ jap ev 
 TCO v$an crjryXaiov [AeyicrTOv ev TOVTCO 
 (Aiva(AV vjfjjepaq rpiaKOVTa, jrvp dva- 
 
 evpiv- 
 
 
 eireXiire ra 
 
 KOI ryv va/uv 
 
 rqv o&ovyv edvpo 
 7rXeovT$ Xe/co^ KOA
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 129 
 
 i 
 
 days in very temperate weather. But after that 
 the north wind blew so bitterly that a great 
 frost ensued, wherewith the whole sea was all 
 frozen up, not only superficially upon the upper 
 part, but in depth also the depth of four 
 hundred fathoms, so that we were fain to for- 
 sake our ship and run upon the ice. The 
 wind sitting long in this corner, and we not 
 able to endure it, put this device in practice, 
 which was the invention of Scintharus : with 
 mattocks and other instruments we made a 
 mighty cave in the water, wherein we sheltered 
 ourselves forty days together : in it we kindled 
 fire, and fed upon fish, of which we found great 
 plenty in our digging. At the last, our pro- 
 vision falling short, we returned to our frozen 
 ship, which we set upright, and spreading her
 
 130 AAH60Y2 I2TOPIA2. B. 3. 
 
 rov 
 
 oiXea re yft v KOA o 
 
 eXvero 
 
 -, ' ?/ 
 
 3. 7rAV(TaVT$ QVV OCTOV 
 
 vycrcp iKci teat 
 
 , dfi yc, vfiwp Xa/3ovT$ e 
 
 a/ypl- 
 
 ovq KaTa,TO%vcravTe$ aTTeTrXevo-afAev. ol 8e 
 
 ravpoi OVTOI ra xepara OVK e?r/ 
 
 VTTO 
 
 o Mco[AO$ yt-tov. />cer' ov TtoXv Se 
 evefiaivofiev, ov% u 
 ' KCLI wjvog ev avrco 
 i>TO Xevxy TcXypys a^TreXcov. yv Se y 
 
 tvpoq /AeyicTTO$, Travv 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 131 
 
 sails, went forward as well as if we had been 
 upon water, leisurely and gently sliding upon 
 the ice ; but on the fifth day the weather grew 
 warm, and the frost brake, and all was turned 
 to water again. We had not sailed three 
 hundred furlongs forwards but we came to a 
 little island that was desert, where we only 
 took in fresh water (which now began to fail 
 us), and with our shot killed two wild bulls, 
 and so departed. These bulls have their horns 
 growing not upon their heads but under their 
 eyes, as Momus thought it better. Then we 
 
 Jupiter for 
 
 entered into a sea, not of water but of milk, in >f ot s , ef ^ ' A * 
 
 bulls horns in 
 1-1 i 1 -i i r 11 r this manner. 
 
 which appeared a white island full of vines. ARIST. depart. 
 
 ani. 1. 3. He 
 
 This island was only a great cheese well feasting aL 
 
 of carping 
 
 pressed (as we afterwards found when we fed <l JSe. 
 
 H ESI on, in 
 
 that he was the 
 son of I he A'i if/it, 
 but begotten 
 without a 
 father. 
 
 K 2
 
 I 3 2 AAH00Y2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 4. 
 
 KOji eiKOcri arafttcov TO irept/Aerpov " a/ 
 
 8e a/yOTreXo/ /Sorpvwv TrXypeig, ov [Aevroi 
 oivov, aXXa yaXa e% avrcov a7ro6x!/3ovT<; 
 
 
 $ efiyXov TO eVrya/^^a. oVov 8 
 
 7} 
 KOtl (TITIOV V7ri 9 7TOTOV &6 TO 
 
 TO 6/C TCOV /3oTpV(jt)V. f3o,<Tl\VlV $ TOJV 
 
 
 TVJV evrevOev a 
 ravrv/v Trapa TOV IIo(7e/8ctivo^ Xa/Soucra 
 
 
 TtfAVjV 
 
 8e 
 
 ev rjj 
 
 ry eVry efa)^/>o^<7a^ev, avpa^
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 133 
 
 upon it), about some five-and-twenty furlongs 
 in bigness : the vines were full of clusters of 
 grapes, out of which we could crush no wine, 
 but only milk : in the midst of the island there 
 was a temple built dedicated to Galatea, one A sea 
 
 nymph, daugh- 
 
 of the daughters of Nereus, as by the inscrip- a 
 
 called because 
 
 tion appeared. As long as we remained there j,/^f 
 
 milk. 
 
 the soil yielded us food and victuals, and our 
 drink was the milk that came out of the 
 grapes: in these, as they said, reigfneth Tyro, of her 
 
 J J Neptune begot 
 
 the daughter of Salmoneus, who, after her #*//, M* 
 
 father of Nestor. 
 
 departure, received this guerdon at the hands 
 
 of ES, 
 
 a territory of 
 
 Of NeptUne. Peloponnesus, 
 
 and for imitat- 
 ing the thunder 
 
 In this island we rested ourselves five ^,?^> 
 
 chariot over a 
 . . bridge of brass, 
 
 days, and on the sixth put to sea again, * j/ */* 
 
 ' ' a thitnderboL 
 
 11 i 11 by Jupiter. 
 
 a gentle gale attending us, and the seas 
 all still and quiet. The eighth day, as we
 
 i 3 4 AAH00Y2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 4. 
 
 TT 
 ovxeTt 8/a TOV 
 
 ofa Se 
 
 ev aX/Avpcp Kai KvauoJ v$art, 
 d#Qpamov$ jcoXkovq CTTI TOV 
 
 aTtavra y/jv 
 aj 
 
 TTO 
 
 ra 
 
 TCOV TTOCOV [Aovcov * ravra jap 
 
 ov 
 
 ovv 
 
 ov 
 
 o^o 
 
 01 Se KCLI TTpoo-yeo-av KOA ( Y}<J'K(L- 
 
 
 oonropovv- 
 
 ( Y}<J 
 i? eXeyov re 
 
 6/V ^^XXct) ryv avrcov 
 
 ovv TIVO<; crvvu^onropovv 
 TrapaOeovreg, e/ra
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 135 
 
 sailed onward, not in milk any longer, but in 
 salt and azure water, we saw many men run- 
 ning upon the sea, like unto us every way 
 forth, both in shape and stature, but only for 
 their feet, which were of cork, whereupon, I 
 suppose, they had the name of Phellopodes. 
 We marvelled much when we saw they did not 
 sink, but keep above water, and travel upon it 
 so boldly. These came unto us, and saluted 
 us in the Grecian language, and said they were 
 bound towards Phello, their own country, and 
 for a while ran along by us, but at last turned 
 their own way and left us, Avishing us a happy 
 and prosperous voyage. Within a while after 
 many islands appeared, and near unto them, 
 upon our left hand, stood Phello, the place
 
 i 3 6 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. B. 5. 
 
 ofiov eSo 
 
 
 
 oXiyov 8e TroXXa/ 
 
 K&I dTpoyyvXov 
 wri * TTOCpwOev Se /ca/ 
 ev 
 
 KOA Trvp TtoXv ofK avTCOV 
 
 5. Kara Se r^v Trpcopav f&la 
 Ara/ TaTre/voy, (rra$lov$ eire^ovaoj OVK 
 
 T TjfACV KCLl 6 (LV fJt,a,O"T7] Tiq CWpOt 7Tj3l- 
 
 , oiav 
 
 o crv 
 
 olov jap a/no 
 
 KOA VOjKlVVWV KOA
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 137 
 
 whereunto they were travelling, which was a 
 city seated upon a mighty great and round 
 cork. Further off, and more towards the right 
 hand, we saw five other islands, large and 
 mountainous, in which much fire was burning ; 
 but directly before us was a spacious flat island, 
 distant from us not above five hundred fur- 
 longs : and approaching somewhat near unto it, 
 a wonderful fragrant air breathed upon us, 
 of a most sweet and delicate smell, such as 
 Herodotus, the story-writer, saith ariseth out 
 of Arabia the happy, consisting of a mixture 
 of roses, daffodils, gillyflowers, lilies, violets, 
 myrtles, bays, and blossoms of vines : such a 
 dainty odoriferous savour was conveyed unto 
 us.
 
 1 38 AAH90Y2 IZTOPIA2. B. 5. 
 
 
 , TOIOVTOV jfiv TO 
 
 
 Se ry 
 
 K iaKtov TTQVUW 
 
 
 TrXycriov ry$ vycrov 
 . evOa oy 
 
 KCLI 
 
 T 
 
 rovg KOA /AeyaXovg 7TOTa{Aov$ re 
 
 
 $ TTJV QaXarrav, eri 
 KCLI vXaq Kai opvea, 
 <7//ca, ra (iev eiri TOJV y'iovwv a 
 
 TTOXXa 6 KCLl 67T/ TCOV 
 T KOV(f)0$ KOjt 
 
 ' avpai 
 
 airveovcrai vjpefta tyv vXyv 
 
 CO(7T6 KCfjl OSKQ TOJV
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 139 
 
 Being delighted with this smell, and hoping 
 for better fortunes after our long labours, 
 we got within a little of the isle, in which we 
 found many havens on every side, not sub- 
 ject to overflowing, and yet of great capacity, 
 and rivers of clear water emptying themselves 
 easily into the sea, with meadows and herbs 
 and musical birds, some singing upon the 
 shore, and many upon the branches of trees, a 
 still and gentle air compassing the whole 
 country. When pleasant blasts gently stirred 
 the woods the motion of the branches made a 
 continual delightsome melody, like the sound 
 of wind instruments in a solitary place : a kind 
 of clamour also was heard mixed with it, yet
 
 140 AAH9OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 6. 
 
 KCLI (Tvve%7] 
 ro7g eif eoflat; avXyfAacri TCOV 
 
 cov avXcov. KCLI p*vjv KCLI ficy <TV/A- 
 yKovero a6pov$, ov 
 
 o/a jevoiT aw ev cr^Trocr/co, 
 
 
 v avXovvTcov, TCOV Se 
 
 7tpo<; avXov 
 
 
 TCOV 
 
 ' 
 
 KCLI TreiTroXoi^ ol Se ft 
 
 avro$ 
 
 ' 
 
 TOV a^w/ra, 7ra/s' cov S^ /cad'
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 141 
 
 not tumultuous nor offensive, but like the noise 
 of a banquet, when some do play on wind in- 
 struments, some commend the music, and some 
 with their hands applaud the pipe, or the harp. 
 All which yielded us so great content that we 
 boldly entered the haven, made fast our ship 
 and landed, leaving in her only Scintharus and 
 two more of our companions behind us. Pass- 
 ing along through a sweet meadow we met 
 with the guards that used to sail about the 
 island, who took us and bound us with gar- 
 lands of roses (which are the strictest bands 
 they have), to be carried to their governor : 
 from them we heard, as we were upon the way, 
 that it was the island of those that are called
 
 142 
 
 AAII9OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 7, 8. 
 
 Kopa)v 
 
 ev 
 
 TOV 
 
 rcov 
 
 7] fiev vyaro$ 
 
 TOW Ma 
 
 / 807 dva%6evT<; co 
 rcov 
 
 
 rov 
 
 ehe 
 
 ypajcriv eire KCLI 
 
 8e 
 
 UVTOV OTI 
 
 avrov 
 
 xar- 
 
 KOA eav- 
 
 o 'Pa$a{Aav6v<;, vvv pen avrov 
 rov eXXefiopov Trapafiodyvai 
 roi Kcoco laTpcp, v&repov 8e 
 
 ^ere^eiv TOV O-V^TTOO-IOV. 
 fievTepa 8e oyv Kplaiq epa)TiKV], 97- 
 Kai MeveXaov Ttepl T*YJ<; '
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 143 
 
 blessed, and that Rhadamanthus was governor see The 
 
 Tyrant, y. 
 
 there, to whom we were brought and placed the 
 fourth in order of them that were to be 
 judged. 
 
 The first trial was about Ajax, the son of A contra- 
 
 uersy concern- 
 ing Ajax, who, 
 
 Telamon, whether he were a meet man to be being overcome 
 
 by the eloquence 
 i 1 1 r 1 TT f Ulysses 
 
 admitted into the society 01 the Heroes or ai-out Achilles' 1 
 
 armour, fell 
 . i i_ A j t i 1 mad and slew 
 
 not : the objections against him were his mad- himself. 
 ness and the killing of himself : and after long 
 pleading to and fro, Rhadamanthus gave this 
 sentence, that for the present he should be 
 put to Hippocrates, the physician of Cos, to 
 be purged with helleborus, and upon the 
 recovery of his wits to have admittance. 
 
 The second was a controversy of love, The- 
 seus and Menelaus contending which had the 
 better right to Helen; but Rhadamanthus gave
 
 144 AAH90Y2 I2TOPIA2. B. 9, TO. 
 
 <TVVOI- 
 
 Kelv. KOA o 'PaftdAavQv eS/Wcre Meve- 
 
 Xaco evvelvai avryv are KOA 
 TrovycravTi KOA Kiv^vvevcravn rov 
 eveKCL " KOA jap av TCO Qoycre? KOA 
 a\\0jq elv(Li <yvvaAKa<; lyv re 
 KOA Ta TOV 
 
 9. rpiTv/ 8' e^iKOjvQv] irepi 
 
 av8^o> re TCO <&iXi7T7rov KOA ' 
 TO) Kap%i)$ovia), KM eofe 
 'AAe^avSy^o^, KGM Opovoq avTCo ere 
 irapa, IHvpov TOV Hepcryv TOV TrpOTepov. 
 
 10. 
 
 o *ev eTO rl 
 
 iepov %a)plov TTij3aii/{AV *
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 145 
 
 judgment on Menelaus' side, in respect of the 
 manifold labours and perils he had incurred 
 for that marriage' sake, whereas Theseus had 
 wives enough beside to live withal as the 
 Amazon, and the daughters of Minos. The 
 
 Ariadne and 
 
 third was a question of precedency between 
 Alexander, the son of Philip, and Hannibal, 
 
 1/^1 . i i * i 1 
 
 the Carthaginian, in which Alexander was pre- 
 ferred, and his throne placed next to the elder 
 
 mans. See 
 
 / ,1 T> PLUTARCH in 
 
 Cyrus the Persian. his life. 
 
 The son of 
 
 In the fourth place we appeared, and cambyse* who 
 
 * translated the 
 
 kingdom from 
 
 he demanded of us what reason we had, tiuMedatotke 
 
 Persians. See 
 .... 111-1 1 ^e Surveyors. 
 
 being" living 1 men, to take land in that sacred The younger 
 
 Cyrus was the 
 
 country, and we told him all our adventures Notkm and 
 
 brother to Ar- 
 
 in order as they befell us : then he com- 
 manded us to stand aside, and considering
 
 146 AAH9OY2 I2TOPIA2. B, u. 
 
 
 eir] TroXvv %povov ecr- 
 
 K7TTTO Kai TQi <JVV$Ol 6KOIVOVTO 
 
 . owyfyevov Se aXXoi re 
 
 o fiiKaio o 
 
 xai T aTro/a e?r- 
 
 , TO 
 
 ev 
 
 KO.I dvv^iajiTTjQevTO^q rolq 
 
 
 . era^e Se /ca/ 
 e7rioy{Aia,$ ^ TrXeov fiyvoiv ejrra. 
 
 11. TQWTV&V VjfJljlv MVTOfAaTCOV TOJV 
 
 
 Trepippvevrwv 
 elq TTJV TroXiv yyopeOa Kai eiq TO TUJV 
 
 fiev ovv oy 
 
 , TO
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 147 
 
 upon it a great while, in the end proposed it 
 
 to the benchers, which were many, and among 
 
 them Aristides the Athenian, surnamed the PLUTARCH. 
 
 Just : and when he was provided what sentence 
 
 to deliver, he said that for "our busy curiosity 
 
 and needless travels we should be accountable 
 
 after our death ; but for the present we should 
 
 have a time limited for our abode, during 
 
 which we should feast with the Heroes and 
 
 then depart, prefixing us seven months' liberty 
 
 to conclude our tarriance, and no more. Then 
 
 our garlands fell off from us of themselves, 
 
 and we were set loose and led into the city to 
 
 feast with the blessed. 
 
 The city was all of gold, compassed ^f^f^^, 
 
 blessed and the 
 
 with a wall made of the precious stone ^ , 
 
 and to their per- 
 petual shame, 
 out- lies Homer 
 and all the 
 poets. 
 
 L 2
 
 148 AAH9OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 12. 
 
 * TrvXai 8e e/V/v eTrra,, 
 
 TO 
 
 TO/ e^ctjfyoq T^ TroXeax; Kai y evroq TOV 
 
 * vaol Se 
 
 XlOov o5 
 
 
 l 6 T^^ TTOX/V y2e7 7TOTa[AO$ 
 
 TOV KaXXl&TOV TO TrXaros 7rv)%eu)V 
 
 
 Xovrpa e e<JT/v ev avro7<; 
 OIKOI [AeyaXoi vaXivoi, TO) KivvaficofAcp ey- 
 
 dvTi /Aevroi v$aro$ ev 
 ^poaoq 6ep(juy ecmv. 
 
 12. 
 
 ^, 7rop<f)Vpdt$.
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 149 
 
 smaragdus, which had seven gates, every 
 one cut out of a whole piece of timber 
 of cinnamon-tree : the pavement of the city 
 and all the ground within the walls was 
 ivory : the temples of all the gods are built of 
 beryl, with large altars made all of one whole 
 amethyst, upon which they offer their sacri- 
 fices : about the city runneth a river of most 
 excellent sweet ointment, in breadth an hun- 
 dred cubits of the larger measure, and so deep 
 that a man may swim in it with ease. For 
 their baths they have great houses of glass, 
 which they warm with cinnamon : and their 
 bathing-tubs are filled with warm dew instead 
 of water. Their only garments are cobwebs 
 of purple colour; neither have they any bodies,
 
 1 50 AAH9OY2 IZTOPIAS. B. 12. 
 
 OVK %ov(Tiv 9 aXX' dvafyeJc, Kai a&apKOi 
 e/V/, (ioptyyv 8e Kal Ifieav fiovyv %ovcri 
 
 Kai e/jjfyojivQvvi) xai MCTCD/AUTOI 
 o'vveo'Toicri xai Kivovvrat xai 
 
 VOVGl KCLl (fra)VV]l> d^lUdl, K&l oXcog 601K6 
 
 TIC, v] ^ v %^ avrcijv 7repnzo\elv 
 
 rov o~a){Aa,TO$ ofAOiOTyra 7repiKi/Aevv/ e 
 <yovv p^v] atyano TI$, OVK av eXey 
 
 elvai GOtfAa TO opCDfAevov " elcrt jap 
 
 dKiai opOal, ov 
 &e oiJSe/ aXX' e<)' av 
 
 y Trapa/Aevei. ov ^v ovfie vvB, Trap* 
 ylverai, ov$e y/Aepa Trdvv 
 
 jap TO XvKavyeg rfiy jrpog 
 
 TOIOVTO 
 
 7T%1 T7)V JV)V. KCLt fACVTOl KOA U)p(LV
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 151 
 
 but are intactile and without flesh, a mere 
 shape and presentation only : and being thus 
 bodiless, they yet stand, and are moved, are 
 intelligent, and can speak : and their naked 
 soul seemeth to wander up and down in a 
 corporal likeness : for if a man touch them not 
 he cannot say otherwise, but that they have 
 bodies, altogether like shadows standing up- 
 right, and not, as they are, of a dark colour. 
 No man waxeth any older there than he was 
 before, but of what age he comes thither, so 
 he continues. Neither is there any night with 
 them, nor indeed clear day : but like the 
 twilight towards morning before the sun be 
 up, such a kind of light do they live in. They 
 know but one season of the year which is the
 
 1 52 AAH90YZ UTOPIAS. B. 13. 
 
 icracri rov TOV$ " del jap 
 eap ecrn Kai el$ av[io$ Trap 
 o 
 
 6 <f>VTOi$ y/Aepoig re Kai vKiepolt; 
 
 Aev " at ^ev jap afArreXoi fia 
 
 elcri KOA Kara [Ayva etcaffrov KapTrocfio- 
 
 povai ' ra$ 8e poiaq KCLI rag 
 
 aXXv/v OTrcopav eXeyov [Aev elvai 
 Tpi(7Kai^Ka(f)Opoii " evoq jap [^yvoq TOV 
 Trap avro7$ Mivcpov $1$ Kapitofyopel. dvTi 
 
 TTVpOV 01 <TTa%V$ ap-TOV 6TOI/AOV 7T 
 
 <f)vovcriv uxTTrep [AV 
 Ttepi VYjv TroXiv v^aroq (Jbev TrevTe Kai 
 
 
 Xai roaavraiy ftvpov Se Trevra/cocr/a/,
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 153 
 
 spring, and feel no other wind but Zephyrus. 
 The region flourisheth with all sorts of flowers, HOMER. 
 and with all pleasing plants fit for shade : their 
 vines bear fruit twelve times a year, every 
 month once : their pomegranate-trees, their 
 apple-trees, and their other fruit, they say, 
 bear thirteen times in the year, for in the 
 month called Minous they bear twice. In- 
 stead of wheat their ears bear them loaves 
 of bread ready baked, like unto mushrooms. 
 About the city are three hundred three-score 
 and five wells of water, and as many of 
 honey, and five hundred of sweet ointment, 
 for they are less than the other. They 
 have seven rivers of milk and eight of 
 wine.
 
 154 AAH00Y2 IZTOPIA2. B. 14. 
 
 porepat p*evroi avrai " KUI 
 ejrra K&I o'tvov OKTOJ. 
 
 14. TO oV o-v/ATTOo-iov 
 
 ev TO! 'HXvcrla) KaXovfAevco 
 
 6(7T/ Kd\\lO"TO KOA 
 
 avrov vXy TravroiOt, 
 
 <7T CDAVV *V K 
 
 avQewv v7ro(3e/3XvjTai. 
 KCLI fiiafyepovcriv eKacrTa, 01 a 
 <ye rov olvo%oelv " TOVTOV jap ov 
 itepi &e TO VV/ATTOO'IOV 
 
 vaXov, KOji K&TToq eari TCOV $ev$(t)v TOV- 
 
 TTavrola Kai rag 
 
 KOA TO, AeeO. 67re/av ovv 
 
 TO arv/AKOO'iov, Tpvyycras ev y
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 155 
 
 They keep their feast without the city 
 in a field called Elysium, which is a most 
 pleasant meadow, environed with woods of 
 all sorts, so thick that they serve for a 
 shade to all that are invited, who sit upon 
 beds of flowers, and are waited upon, and 
 have everything brought unto them by the 
 winds, unless it be to have the wine filled : 
 and that there is no need of: for about the 
 banqueting place are mighty great trees grow- 
 ing of clear and pure glass, and the fruit of 
 those trees are drinking-cups and other kind 
 of vessels of what fashion or greatness you 
 will : and every man that comes to the feast 
 gathers one or two of those cups, and sets 
 them before him, which will be full of wine
 
 156 AAH00Y2 IZTOPIA2. B. 15. 
 
 TCOV 
 
 olvov TrXT iveTai. OVTO) 
 
 avri &e TWV (rrecavcov al 
 
 tioveg Kai ra aXXa {AovcriKoi opvea K rcov 
 lov Xei/ACDVO)v Tolq crTO/Aacriv 
 
 yovvra tcaTavltyei avrovg /ACT ' co&^^ vjrep- 
 
 7TTO[Aeva. KCLl [A^V KCLl 
 
 
 KCLl TOV TTOTUfAOV KUI CTTlO'TaO'ai 
 
 TO wpjiroviov ypepoj rcov ave/>ccov 
 /SoWcov vov<ri 
 
 15. 67TI &6 TCU &6/7TVO) (AOVVlKy T6 KOA 
 
 ra 
 
 TOV
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 157 
 
 presently, and then they drink. Instead of 
 garlands the nightingales and other musical 
 birds gather flowers with their beaks out of 
 the meadows adjoining, and flying over their 
 heads with chirping notes scatter them among 
 them. 
 
 They are anointed with sweet ointment 
 in this manner : sundry clouds draw that 
 unguent out of the fountains and the rivers, 
 which settling over the heads of them that 
 are at the banquet, the least blast of wind 
 makes a small rain fall upon them like unto 
 a dew. After supper they spend the time in 
 music and singing : their ditties that are in 
 most request they take out of Homer's verses, For he -was 
 
 in most esteem 
 
 who is there present himself and feasteth "Tent?. '
 
 158 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. B. 16. 
 
 v-jrep TOV 'Ofivvcrea KaTaKi{Aevo<;. ol 
 ouv oot K TzWSow ei<n xai 
 
 
 Se KCM vvva^QVO'iv EvvoAo re 
 
 o \OKo KOM *A!a)v o 
 
 KOA ST^CT/^C^O^ " KOA jap 
 
 TOVTOV Tra ' avro7g 
 
 avTco 
 OVTOI TravcrcDVTai 
 
 KVKVWV 
 
 v 6 
 
 K(Li OVTOI acraxri, 
 rore yfiv) T) jracra V\TJ eiravXe? TWV ave- 
 
 Kivo e%ovcri ' TtyjOji elvi $vo Trap a TO 
 
 
 vj &e 
 Karepa<;
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 159 
 
 among them, sitting next above Ulysses : their 
 
 give place to 
 
 choirs consist of boys and virmns, which were ^mer, who 
 
 J -o hed so lustily 
 
 for his credit. 
 
 directed and assisted by Eunomus the Lo- TW excel- 
 
 lent nmsicians. 
 
 crian, and Arion the Lesbian, and Anacreon, , TWO fa 
 
 ' lyric poets. 
 
 Stesichorus 
 
 and Stesichorus, who hath had a place there havin s much 
 
 inveighed a- 
 gainst Helena 
 
 ever since his reconcilement with Helena. As in his verses as 
 
 the cause of all 
 , 1 . . - theTrojanwar, 
 
 soon as these nave done there enter a second -was struck 
 
 blind by Castor 
 
 choir of swans, swallows and nightingales ; a a upon * 
 
 recantation re- 
 
 and when they have ended, the whole woods "//" 
 ring like wind-instruments by the stirring of 
 the air. 
 
 But that which maketh most for their 
 mirth are two wells adjoining to the ban- 
 queting place, the one of laughter, the 
 other of pleasure : of these every man drinks Except & 
 
 quorfor a feast. 
 
 to begin the feast withal, which makes
 
 160 AAH9OY2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 17. 
 
 evo)%ia$ TTIVOWI Kai TO XOITTOV 07^0- 
 / yeXtovTes $ia f 
 
 17. Bo^Ao/x/a/ &e elirelv Kai TOJV TTI- 
 
 ov<rrwa$ Trap* 
 
 \ \ 5 \ 
 
 T0f 
 
 3 
 
 l\iov cTTparevcraiiTag TrXyv <ye TOV 
 
 Ke7vov &e U.QVOV ecba&Kov ev 
 
 ro Tay a.(7e/av %(*)pco Koaeo-ai. ap- 
 &e Ku^o^^ re djA(f)OTepov$ KOA TOV 
 *Ava%ap<rw KOA TOV Qpaxa Zoi- 
 KO,} Novftav TOV 'iTaXicvTyv, KOA 
 YJV Kai KvKOvpyov TOV Aaxefiaifioviov KOA 
 
 QaiKicova, Kai TeXXov TOI^^ 'AQyvalovs, 
 
 Kai TOV$ (Totyovg avev Hepiavftpov. el^ov 
 
 Se Kai ^(jL>KpaT7jv TOV ^ax^ 
 
 Xe<r%ovvTa juueTa NecrTOpos KOA
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 161 
 
 them spend the whole time in mirth and 
 
 i when Iroytvas 
 
 taken, ravished 
 
 . Cassandra the 
 
 daughter of 
 Priamus, being 
 
 I will also relate unto you what famous men a vir & in atid 
 
 J priest to Mi- 
 
 . . . nerva in the 
 
 I saw in that association. There were all the temple of p a i- 
 
 laS) for which 
 
 demigods, and all that fought against Troy, a/#*&i 
 
 dispersed the 
 
 excepting Ajax* the Locrian : he only, they 
 
 returned, and 
 
 told me, was tormented in the region of the 
 
 t The only 
 
 unrighteous. Of barbarians there was the wise "\ an 
 
 <J among the Scy- 
 
 thians, who, tn- 
 
 elder and the younger Cyrus, and Anacharsis f deavouring to 
 
 J J brin tn the 
 
 . Athenian laws 
 
 the Scythian, Zamolxis* the Thracian, and amongst his 
 
 barba. 1 ouscoun- 
 
 Numa the Italian. There was also Lycurgus" siain t? the 
 
 king, his bro- 
 i T i 1 -TM 1 T> 11 ttier. LAERT. 
 
 the Lacedaemonian, and Phocion and Tellus + scholar and 
 
 servant to Py- 
 
 the Athenians, 11 and all the Wise Men, unless 
 
 Roman king. 
 
 it were Periander.** \\ Lawyer to 
 
 the Lacedfftno- 
 
 I also saw Socrates, the son of Sophro- '"ARCH. 
 
 Tl Two wise 
 
 niscus, prattling with Nestor and Palamedes,^ S J4ft3 
 
 poverty. PLU- 
 
 and close by him stood Hyacinthus the TA . R . CH -, 
 
 J J * Who was 
 
 King of Co- 
 rinth and a 
 tyrant. 
 
 tt Necrom.r.
 
 1 62 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. B. 18. 
 
 - / py \ % \ tf ft I 
 
 tovg * Trepi be avrov yvav *&KivQo<; re 
 
 c *\ / \ f \ / 
 
 o AaKebai/Aoviog KCM o Qecnrievt; NapKicr- 
 KCU f/ TXac KOA aXXo/ TroXXo/ KOA 
 
 KCL'I /AOi e^QKei epoiv TOV 
 6ov * 
 
 .o Se %aX7raiveiv avtw o 
 
 K VY1C VVIVOV* WV (DAVdpTJ Kdl 
 
 elputvelav 
 
 
 e ^ovo^ o^ Tra^^v, aXX' eXe- 
 / atJro^ ei^ ry dvaTrXacrOeio''/] VTT 
 TroXe/ olKeiv %pa){Aevo$ TTJ 
 i ro7<; VO/AOK; 01$ wveypatyev. 
 ia ol evTQi aj(j<> *Al<rmnrov re 
 
 rfielq re ovreq xat
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 163 
 
 Lacedaemonian, and the gallant Narcissus Socrates pro- 
 
 fessed himself 
 
 and Hylas, and other beautiful and lovely t/u* f hS* JOfy 
 
 love, and that of 
 
 youths, and for aught I could gather by Iv 
 
 be the best and 
 
 him he was far in love with Hyacinthus, 
 
 this was the best 
 
 for he discoursed with him more than all the *%*%,%%* 
 
 sort in the 
 
 rest : for which cause, they said, Rhadaman- %$%' j 
 
 virtue ; but his 
 
 thus was offended at him, and often threatened 
 
 struction of it, 
 
 to thrust him out of the island if he continued a j td . th ^fa re 
 
 Ltuian brings 
 him in here 
 
 to play the fool in that fashion, and not give with these , 
 
 1 J young and 
 
 . bMtiiiful lads. 
 
 over his idle manner of jesting, when he was 
 at their banquet. Only Plato was not present, 
 for they said he dwelled in a city framed by Sm : h a > ie 
 
 J J J as he would 
 
 have in his 
 
 himself, observing the same rule of govern- commonwealth. 
 ment and laws as he had prescribed for them 
 to live under. 
 
 Aristippus and Epicurus are prime men 
 amongst them, because they are the most 
 
 M 2
 
 164 AAH90Y2 I2TOPIA2. B, 18. 
 
 KOA crvfATTOTiKCOTaTOi. Ttapyv Se Kai A7- 
 
 $ TO&OVTOV {Aere/SaXe TOV 
 
 fiev Aatfta, TVJV era/pav, 
 Se 7toXXaKi$ VTTO {AeOvjs dvicr- 
 Ttapoivelv. rcov Se ^TOJIKCOV 
 ' eri jap eXeyovTO uva- 
 
 alveiv TOV T der oiov 
 
 Se Kai ire pi XpwiTnrov ori ov 
 
 avrc 
 
 TO TTapTOv eavTQv 
 
 TOU$ Se ' 
 
 6 Tl 
 
 jap avTO TOVTO TTCO 
 el KCLI vyvoq TIC, TOiavTy <TTIV
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 165 
 
 jovial good fellows and the best companions. 
 Diogenes the Sinopean was so far altered 
 from the man he was before that he married 
 with Lais the harlot, and was many times 
 so drunk that he would rise and dance about 
 the room as a man out of his senses. ^Esop The f able - 
 
 * maker. 
 
 the Phrygian served them for a jester. There 
 
 was not one Stoic in company but were still E ^i^ s in 
 
 busied in ascending the height of virtue's 
 
 hill : and of Chrysippus we heard that it * s f* t ' 
 
 Zeno, the great- 
 
 was not lawful for him by any means to ? logician of 
 
 J * his time, and 
 
 chief of the 
 
 touch upon the island until he have the fourth tut. 
 time purged himself with helleborus. The 
 Academics, they say, were willing- enough to He meatu 
 
 J J ' o o not ffo pi a ton- 
 
 i i 1 1 i ,.' who are 
 
 come, but that they yet are doubtful and in caiud the ou 
 
 Academics, but 
 1 1111 th g new Acade- 
 
 suspense, and cannot comprehend how there mus^howmM 
 
 affirm nothing, 
 
 should be any such island ; but indeed, I pouibie * that 
 
 anything 
 should be truly 
 known, and
 
 1 66 AAH9OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 19. 
 
 
 Kplcriv ee0/W<7av, are KCLI TO 
 
 
 aKoXovOelv ro7<; 
 vwg, VTTO vu>6el(L$ Se a 
 KaTaXa/A/3dvovra<; KCM d 
 
 19. OVTOI pjev ovv TjacLif 01 dfyoXoyct)Ta- 
 
 roi 
 ' 
 
 A^/XXea Kai {Aero, TOVTOV 
 
 'Kepi Se (Tvvov(ria$ K&I a<j>pOQio'ia)V olra) 
 
 fiev dvatyavftov Trdv- 
 
 yvvaify KCLI appeal, 
 
 TOVTO a(j%pov avroq 
 
 To7$ veoiq " Kai
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 167 
 
 think, they were fearful to come to be judged 
 
 ished all kind 
 
 by Rhadamanthus, because themselves have {^J t u< ^T n tL 
 
 difference be- 
 
 abolished all kind of judgment : yet many ^"r"?/?- 
 
 ans or sceptics ? 
 
 of them, they say, had a desire, and would See GELL 
 
 J J ' 1. 11. c. . 
 
 follow after those that were coming hither, 
 but were so slothful as to give it over 
 because they were not comprehensive, and 
 therefore turned back in the midst of their 
 way. 
 
 These were all the men of note that I saw 
 there ; and amongst them all Achilles was 
 held to be the best man, and next to him 
 Theseus. For their manner of venery and 
 copulation thus it is : they couple openly in 
 the eyes of all men, both with females and 
 male kind, and no man holds it for any
 
 1 68 AAH00Y2 I2TOP1AZ. B. 20. 
 
 &VTOV TTlOpKlV 
 t \ e^p / /v * < 
 
 yoi^v o y&Gez; ictjKivuoq oy o 
 
 . at 
 
 elai Traai KQIVO,L 
 
 ' 
 
 ove7 TO) TrX^dov, aXX e<n Ttept TOVTO 
 
 ot 
 
 20. 
 
 XvOeaav, Kat Trpoo-eXQcov eye*) 'OfAyp 
 
 ra re 
 
 KOA oOev eiy, Xeycov 
 
 TOVTO [L(L\KTTOj TTap ' Tj/JAV l(7Tl VVV 
 
 o e 01^ avTO$ pev ouyvoeiv 
 ^ ot fiev X7ov, ot &e 
 
 8e /ca/ KoXoficov/oy CLVTOV
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 169 
 
 dishonesty. Only Socrates would swear 
 deeply that he accompanied young men in 
 a cleanly fashion, and therefore every man 
 condemned him for a perjured fellow: and 
 Hyacinthus and Narcissus both confessed 
 otherwise for all his denial. 
 
 The women there are all in common, and 
 no man takes exception at it, in which respect 
 they are absolutely the best Platonists in 
 
 would have all 
 
 the world : and so do the boys yield them- omen com - 
 
 J J man. 
 
 selves to any man's pleasure without con- 
 tradiction. 
 
 After I had spent two or three days in 
 this manner, I went to talk with Homer 
 the poet, our leisure serving us both well, 
 and to know of him what countryman he 
 was, a question with us hard to be resolved,
 
 1 70 AAH6OY2 JZTOPIAS. B. 20. 
 
 ye eXeye 
 
 i Trapa ye To7$ TroXiraig ov% " 
 aXXa 
 
 TtpovyyopicLV. eri &e KCM irepi rcov 
 <7Ti%a)v eTrypcuTCDV, el * 
 
 eKelvov eicriv eyyeypa,(A(Aevoi 
 Travrag avrov eivai. 
 
 KOV OVV T&V d/A(f)l TOV Zv/VQ$OTOV K&l AplCT- 
 
 Xoylav. 
 
 
 avrov aircDV ri $v TTOT ano 
 
 
 efaev 
 
 KaKelvo 
 
 l^evai, el Ttporepav eypatye VTJV '
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 171 
 
 and he said he could not certainly tell him- 
 self, because some said he was of Chios, , s en dties 
 
 ' of Greece strove 
 for the birth of 
 
 some of Smyrna, and many to be of Colo- Homer > h b 
 
 J J are comprised 
 
 . in this verse : 
 
 phon ; but he said indeed he was a Baby- smyrna,Rho- 
 
 dos, Colophon, 
 
 Ionian, and among his own countrymen not irgo^Athen*.' 
 
 called Homer but Tigranes, and afterwards 
 
 living as an hostage among the Grecians, ^Sj^J^' 
 
 or hostage. 
 
 he had therefore that name put upon him. 
 Then I questioned him about those verses 
 in his books that are disallowed as not of 
 his making, whether they were written by 
 him or not, and he told me they were all 
 his own, much condemning Zenodotus and TWO carping 
 
 gra mmarians 
 
 Aristarchus, the grammarians, for their weak- to correct ^ 
 
 of Homer's 
 i verses. 
 
 ness in judgment. 
 When he had satisfied me in this, I asked * touches 
 
 some commen- 
 . tators upon 
 
 him again why he began the first verse of Homer, -who 
 
 have gone about 
 to give a reason 
 almost of every 
 word he wrote.
 
 172 AAH90Y2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 21. 
 
 creiav ryq 'IX/aSo^, ax; ol TroXXoi 
 o &e ypvelro. on (Aev jap ov$e 
 
 , o Kai avro Trepi avrov Xejovcriv, av- 
 
 t 5 / c / t rf 
 
 riKa 
 
 aXXore rovro irotovv, el Trore avrov 
 
 Trpocricov jap TI eirvv 
 
 
 , Kai (AaXicna [Aera ryv //c^v, 
 
 eKpcuryvev f}v jap rig 
 Kar ' avTOv eTrevyvej/Aew/) v/3pea)$ VTTO 
 
 
 01$ avTov ev ry 
 
 j Kai 
 
 21. Kara &e rov$ avrovg %povov<; 
 
 i Hv6ajopa$ o %a
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 173 
 
 his poem with anger : and he told me it fell 
 out so by chance, not upon any premedita- 
 tion. I also desired to know of him whether 
 he wrote his Odysseys before his Iliads, as 
 many men do hold : but he said it was not 
 so. As for his blindness which is charged 
 upon him, I soon found it was far other- 
 wise, and perceived it so plainly that I needed 
 not to question him about it. 
 
 Thus was I used to do many days when 
 I found him idle, and would go to him and 
 ask him many questions, which he would 
 give me answer to very freely : especially 
 when we talked of a trial he had in the court 
 of justice, wherein he got the better: for 
 Thersites had preferred a bill of complaint See , Necr - 
 
 mant. b. 
 
 against him for abusing him and scoffing at 
 him in his Poem, in which action Homer
 
 174 AAH9OYS IZTOPIAZ. B. 22. 
 
 ev TOCTOVTOH; u)0i$ j3iOTv<ra$ K&I e/rre- 
 
 
 %pV<TQV$ OXOV TO 8e^/CV yfAlTO/AOV. KCLl 
 
 eKplOf) pev (TVfATroXirevo'ao'Oai avro7$, eve- 
 o/aero Se eri irorepov HvBayopav y 
 Ev<f>op/3ov %py avTOv ovofiat^eiv. o 
 
 KOA ovro$, 
 TO crcoAa o\ov toTTTAevo* ov 
 
 
 xaiTOi iroXXa 
 
 22. HpoiovTO$ &e TOV %povov 
 ywv Totj Trap ' avTO?<; QavaTOvcria. y 
 
 TO TrefATTTOv KOA 
 TO ej3$o{AOv. ra [Aev ovv 
 av eiy Aeye/v" ra Se 
 TCOV 7rpa%6ei>T(x)v ftiyyycrofAai. 
 
 o CL<> ' 'HaxXeovt 'O8i;cr- 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 175 
 
 was acquitted, having Ulysses for his advo- who was 
 
 1 eloquent orator. 
 
 cate. 
 
 About the same time came to us Pythagoras 
 the Samian, who had changed his shape now 
 seven times, and lived in as many lives, and 
 accomplished the periods of his soul. The 
 right half of his body was wholly of gold ; 
 and they all agreed that he should have place 
 amongst them, but were doubtful what to call 
 him, Pythagoras or Euphorbus. Empedocles a Jca 
 also came to the place, scorched quite over, 
 as if his body had been broiled upon the 
 embers ; but could not be admitted for all his 
 great entreaty. 
 
 The time passing thus along, the day of 
 prizes for masteries of activity now approached, 
 which they call Thanatusia. The setters of <*"'? a " d 
 
 J masteries a- 
 
 niong the dead. 
 
 them forth were Achilles the fifth time, and
 
 i;6 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. B. 23. 
 
 crea, Ttep} TOV crrefydvov 
 
 TrvyfAvj e laTj eyeveTO 'Apelov re TOV 
 
 AiyvTTTiov, *~oq ev KopivOco reOaTrrai, 
 
 TIOV 8e aOXa, ov r/Oerai Trap* avro7^. TOV 
 
 [A6VTOI ^pOfJjOV OVKTl 
 
 TTOITJTCOV Se TJJ p,ev 
 
 v KpdTl "O/MTj pO$, 1>IK 
 
 e H(7/00. ra 8e aOXa, yv aTracri o-Te 
 
 23. ' ApTi &e TOV dycoi>o$ 
 
 o ev TO) %<*>pu> TGJV 
 
 ra ec7/>ca 
 
 
 UVTCOV 
 
 T TOV 'AKpayavT7vov Kai Bov&ipiv TOV
 
 the Roman ma- 
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 177 
 
 Theseus the seventh time. To relate the 
 
 whole circumstance would require a long dis- **<*. ho 
 
 * when they ex- 
 
 hibited plays 
 
 course, but the principal points I will deliver, unto the people, 
 
 1 * * the names of 
 
 the setters forth 
 
 At wrestling Carus, one of the lineage ot wen registered 
 
 and the time 
 
 Hercules, had the best, and wan the garland hlddomit. *' 
 from Ulysses. The fight with fists was equal 
 between Arius the ^Egyptian, who was buried 
 at Corinth, and Epius, that combated for it. 
 There was no prize appointed for the Pancra- Fighting at 
 
 all manner of 
 r i t IT 1 1 -weapons. 
 
 tian fight : neither do I remember who got 
 the best in running : but for poetry, though 
 Homer without question were too good for 
 them all, yet the best was given to Hesiodus. H ^ er t ? d 
 
 about the same 
 
 The prizes were all alike, garlands plotted of *l me > L and if 
 
 L ' O hath been con- 
 
 troverted by 
 
 peacocks' feathers. ma y hich 
 
 was the better 
 
 As soon as the games were ended, news 
 came to us that the damned crew in the 
 habitation of the wicked had broken their 
 
 N
 
 1 78 AAH00Y2 IZTOPIAS. B. 23. 
 
 Kdl AlOfAytyv TOV QpaKO, KOM 
 
 
 rov<; ire pi Keipwva KCLI 
 
 o 
 
 
 e (dyjcrevg TC Kai 'A^/XXei;^ xai Ala$ o 
 
 eaxfipovcov' KUI 
 
 {Aa%oi>TO xai eviKv/vajV ol 
 
 ra 7rXe7(7Ta 
 
 Se KCLI ^ajKdr CTTI rw 
 
 TtoXu ///aXXov oy ore 
 
 /Aa%eTO. TrpoviovTUiv jap 
 O^A: etyvye KCLI TO 
 
 r/v' e^ oig Kai vvrepov 
 
 p dpKTTelov, KaXo$ re KCM 
 
 ra

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 179 
 
 bounds, escaped the gaolers, and were coming 
 to assail the island, led by Phalaris the Agnri- 
 
 J o bloody tyrants, 
 
 or notorious 
 
 gentine, Busyris the ^Egyptian, Diomedes the robbers - 
 
 Thracian, Sciron, Pituocamptes, and others : 
 
 which Rhadamanthus hearing, he ranged the 
 
 Heroes in battle array upon the sea-shore, 
 
 under the leading of Theseus and Achilles 
 
 and Ajax Telamonius, who had now recovered 
 
 his senses, where they joined fight ; but the 
 
 Heroes had the day, Achilles carrying himself 
 
 very nobly. Socrates also, who was placed 
 
 in the right wine, was noted for a brave PLATO *" 
 
 Laches, or Dia- 
 ...... logue of Forti- 
 
 soldier, much better than he was in his life- tude, praiseth 
 
 Socrates for his 
 111 --^ , . - . - manhood at De- 
 
 time, in the battle at Delium : for when the /*/, which 
 
 battle the Athe- 
 1 ii' i ,1 ni nians wet cover- 
 
 enemy charged him, he neither fled nor thrown b y the 
 
 Boeotians, and 
 
 changed countenance : wherefore afterwards, 
 in reward of his valour, he had a prize set 
 out for him on purpose, which was a beautiful 
 
 N 2
 
 i8o AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 24. 
 
 TOV TOTTOV 7rpoo'ayopevo'a$ 
 24. vvXXapovTes ovv rovq 
 
 
 voi;^. eypatye e 
 
 
 e$a)K TO, pifiXia KO/Ai^eiv TO/ 
 jfjfiv dv6p(*)7roi$* aXX vcnepov KCLI 
 TCOV aXXcov a 
 
 
 vvv &e 
 
 e / 
 
 TOT 5' 
 
 Trap ' (LVTQiq vofLoq eTreiftav tov 
 
 , e/Vr/covro ra e7r/v//c/a 
 
 yyov' {AQVO$ e ravryg ov
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 181 
 
 and spacious garden, planted in the suburbs ^f a At S % 
 
 of the city, whereunto he invited many, and did 
 
 J J ' meet his scholars 
 
 where Socrates 
 
 ' 
 
 cholars 
 dispute 
 
 t . 1-11 1 -i 
 
 disputed with them there, giving it the name * 
 
 Plato was born, 
 c ^ T ., . and from hence 
 
 of Necracademia. za takes 
 
 this name, 
 .-T-.I 1,1 -11 which signifies 
 
 Ihen we took the vanquished prisoners, the Academy of 
 
 the dead. 
 
 and bound them, and sent them back to be 
 punished with greater torments. 
 
 This fight was also penned by Homer, who, 
 at my departure, gave me the book to show 
 my friends, which I afterwards lost and many 
 things else beside : but the first verse of the 
 poem I remember was this: "Tell me now, somewhat w ;e 
 
 the beginning of 
 
 Muse, how the dead Heroes fought." 
 
 When they overcome in fight, they have a 
 custom to make a feast with sodden beans, 
 wherewith they banquet together for joy of 
 their victory: only Pythagoras had no part 
 with them, but sat aloof off, and lost his
 
 i8 2 AAH0OY2 IZTOPIA2. B. 25. 
 
 
 25. 3 
 
 o TOV 
 
 ieyas re u>v Kai Ka^oq ypa 
 %povov TJ^VJ T^ 'EXevoy^, KOA 
 OVK dfyavvjg yv 7rivco$ ayajrcoo'a, TOV 
 
 yovv Kai 
 ev TO) crvfATrodla) KCLI 
 
 e^avicnafievoi ejrXavcovTO 
 JV I>XTJV. Kai S^ Trore VTTO TOV 
 KOA ryg Oj^Tj^avlaq efiovXevcraTO o Kivv- 
 p&q dp7ra<ra$ TVJV 'EXevoyv fyvyelv. e^Q 
 
 TCOV eTriKi[Aevu*v vyvwv, TJTOI eg
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 183 
 
 dinner because he could not away with 
 beans. 
 
 Six months were now passed over, and 
 the seventh halfway onwards, when a new 
 business was begot amongst us. For Cinyras 
 the son of Scintharus, a proper tall young 
 man, had long been in love with Helena, 
 and it might plainly be perceived that she 
 as fondly doted upon him, for they would 
 still be winking and drinking one to another 
 whilst they were a-feasting, and rise alone 
 together, and wander up and down in the 
 wood. This humour increasing, and knowing 
 not what course to take, Cinyras' device was 
 to steal away Helena, whom he found as A second raj* 
 
 J of Helena. 
 
 pliable to run away with him, to some of 
 the islands adjoining, either to Phello, or
 
 1 84 AAH60YZ I2TOPIA2. B. 26. 
 
 YJV Tvpoecrcrav. 
 
 
 TOW era!- 
 
 TOJV 
 
 i TUVTO, OVK 
 
 raro yap VTT' avTOv 
 
 eirij3ov\<Y]v. 
 
 eyeve-ro eyco (iev ov 
 
 yap ev ro5 (TVfjLTrodlco 
 
 _ .. \ */ 
 
 01 Oe \OjOovTeq iovq 
 
 N 'TT'-V ' f V 
 
 TVJV Ei\V7]V V7TO 
 
 26. Trepi Se TO PJVQVUKTIOV 
 o MeveXeco^ enei efiade ryu evvyv Kevy 
 
 re 
 
 yet 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 185 
 
 Tyroessa, having before combined with three 
 of the boldest fellows in my company to join 
 with them in their conspiracy ; but never 
 acquainted his father with it, knowing that 
 he would surely punish him for it. 
 
 Being resolved upon this, they watched 
 their time to put it in practice : for when 
 night was come, and I absent (for I was 
 fallen asleep at the feast), they gave a slip to 
 all the rest, and went away with Helena to 
 shipboard as fast as they could. Menelaus 
 waking about midnight, and finding his bed 
 empty, and his wife gone, made an outcry, 
 and calling up his brother, went to the court 
 of Rhadamanthus. 
 
 As soon as the day appeared, the scouts 
 told them they had descried a ship, which
 
 1 86 
 
 AAH9OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 26. 
 
 eXeyov 01 CTKOTTO} KaOopoiv ryv vavv 
 ovra) 07 e/^/3il3ao'ag o 
 TrevryKOVTa, TOW oy^cocov elq 
 
 a pit eq rov 
 
 TO&OVTOV 
 
 V6TO 
 
 ovv 
 
 ei 
 
 vavv 
 
 8/co/ce/z/* 01 Se VTTQ 
 
 
 
 o/ceavov 
 
 Tvpoevvyg' 
 
 aXvcrei po^lvy 
 
 >5S ' ' 
 
 ebdKpve 
 
 \ 5 
 
 re Kai 
 
 Ttporepov o 
 
 
 cog ovfteva elirov, K roiy a/So/W Soy
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 187 
 
 by that time was got far off into the sea. 
 Then Rhadamanthus set out a vessel made 
 of one whole piece of timber of asphodelus 
 wood, manned with fifty of the Heroes to 
 pursue after them, which were so willing on 
 their way, that by noon they had overtaken 
 them newly entered into the milky ocean, 
 not far from Tyroessa, so near were they 
 got to make an escape. Then took we their 
 ship and hauled it after us with a chain of 
 roses and brought it back again. 
 
 Rhadamanthus first examined Cinyras and 
 his companions whether they had any other 
 partners in this plot, and they confessing 
 none, were adjudged to be tied fast by the 
 privy members and sent into the place of 
 the wicked, there to be tormented, after they
 
 1 88 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIAZ. B. 27. 
 
 crecoi> 
 
 27. e^^/VavTO Se KCLI vjfAoig 
 
 7TIOV- 
 
 yp,epa,v (Aovyv eTri/AeivavTag. evrav 
 eye*) eTroTviaipjVjv re KCLI eftaicpvov 
 
 e/AeXXov dyaOa 
 6yo'0'()ai. avroi 
 
 ov TroXXcov ercov 
 
 ovov re 
 
 eq TOVTCIQV 
 
 TOJV dpicrTCOv. ejci) e TTpoveXOuw TO) 
 TroAAa iKerevov elirelv ra 
 KO>I wroe7a/ AOI TOV TrXovv. o 
 
 8e etyacrxev d(f)l^O'6ai f^ev eq i^v 
 
 TroXXa irporepov TrXavydeina KOA
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 189 
 
 had been scourged with rods made of mallows. 
 Helena, all blubbered with tears, was so 
 ashamed of herself that she would not show 
 her face. They also decreed to send us 
 packing out of the country, our prefixed 
 time being come, and that we should stay 
 there no longer than the next morrow : where- 
 with I was much aggrieved and wept bitterly 
 to leave so good a place and turn wanderer 
 again I knew not whither : but they com- 
 forted me much in telling me that before 
 many years were past I should be with them 
 again, and showed me a chair and a bed 
 prepared for me against the time to come 
 near unto persons of the best quality. 
 
 Then went I to Rhadamanthus, humbly 
 beseeching him to tell me my future fortunes,
 
 1 90 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 27. 
 
 , rov Se %0ovov OVKCTI 
 TrpovBelvai ydeXycrev' aXXa 
 KO,I 
 
 vovro 
 
 
 TCOV ajvefiwv, ra$ TtXyo'lov, 'Ac/) 
 TO TroXv TTVp opciq 
 
 ovelpwv 
 
 ' ov$7ra) aoi tyalverai. 
 
 , rore 
 
 ryv evamlav ryj 
 
 
 KOA TroiKiXa eOvvj 
 
 KCLl 
 
 e/V Toyv eiepdv vjireipov. TOCT- 
 
 6/7T6.
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 191 
 
 and to direct me in my course ; and he told 
 me that after many travels and dangers, I 
 should at last recover my country, but would 
 not tell me the certain time of my return : 
 and showing me the islands adjoining, which 
 were five in number, and a sixth a little 
 further off, he said, Those nearest are the 
 islands of the ungodly, which you see burn- 
 ing all in a light fire, but the other sixth 
 is the island of dreams, and beyond that is 
 the island of Calypso, which you cannot see .p gy / ia ,\ an 
 
 J * J island between 
 
 the Phoenician 
 
 from hence. When you are past these, you and Syrian seas 
 
 J J in which Calyp' 
 
 . . so,asea-nyiph, 
 
 shall come into the great continent, over the daughter of 
 
 Oceamis and 
 , , Thetis % being 
 
 against your own country, where you shall <?, enter- 
 tained Ulysses 
 
 suffer many afflictions, and pass through *0nd jailing in 
 
 love with him 
 . j i. j_1 f t detained him 
 
 many nations, and meet with men of inhuman with her 
 
 years. 
 
 conditions, and at length attain to the other 
 continent.
 
 I 9 2 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 28. 
 
 28. Kai dvao-Trao-at; OLTTO TVJ<; 
 
 ev 
 
 Se K&I ei TTOT d(fiit<oi/Arjv e^ 
 yyv, /Ayre Trvp [Aa%a/pa o"Ka- 
 
 
 virep TO, o/crco/^a/Se/ca CTTJ 
 
 TOVTCDV jap (w [Aepjvyj/Ae 
 
 elq ryv vvjcrov dtyl^eax;. rore />ce 
 j Trepi TOV TrXovv 
 
 <Tvveio'Tia)[Avjv 
 
 
 TOV TroivjTyv e^evjOvjv avrov Troiyjcral 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 193 
 
 When he had told me this, he plucked a 
 root of mallows out of the ground, and 
 reached it to me, commanding me in my 
 greatest perils to make my prayers to that : 
 advising me further neither to rake in the Most have 
 
 interpreted this 
 
 fire with my knife, nor to feed upon lupins, pLept, * * 
 
 stir up the 
 1 ii' , anger of great 
 
 nor to come near a boy when he is past a ,fd powerful 
 
 persons. 
 
 eighteen years of age : if I were mindful of 
 this, the hopes would be great that I should 
 come to the island again. 
 
 Then we prepared for our passage, and 
 feasted with them at the usual hour, and 
 next morrow I went to Homer, entreating 
 him to do so much as make an epigram of 
 two verses for me, which he did : and I 
 erected a pillar of berylstone near unto the
 
 I 9 4 AAH90Y2 I2TOPIA2. B. 29. 
 
 S 
 
 7rpo<; reo IJACVI. TO e e?r- 
 
 oq ra$e 
 Oeolviv 
 
 re 
 
 29. 
 
 TCOV 
 TTOVTCDV. evdoj /AM Kdt O$v<r<rv$ TTpocreX- 
 
 TVJV WJGOV 
 
 ^eiv. crvve7re[A\f; e 
 
 TOV 7TOp6(Aea NavjrXiov, /V e/ 
 
 $ rag WYjvovt;, 
 are KO,T ' 
 
 e?re/ &e TOV evcu^ depa Trpoi
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 195 
 
 haven, and engraved them upon it. The 
 epigram was this : 
 
 Lucian, the gods' belov'd, did once AOWH<W& rd$ e 
 
 ttavra. <f>i\os 
 
 attain 
 
 E?5f re Kai ir<- 
 
 To see all this, and then go home * tX 
 
 yaiotv. 
 
 again. 
 
 After that day's tarrying, we put to sea, 
 brought onward on our way by the Heroes, 
 where Ulysses closely coming to me that 
 Penelope might not see him, conveyed a T^ wife of 
 letter into my hand to deliver to Calypso in 
 the isle of Ogygia. Rhadamanthus also sent 
 Nauplius, the ferryman, along with us, that Jf 2lJ m j 
 
 Amymone, the 
 
 if it were our fortune to put into those ****'&*>*- 
 
 naus, Ktng of 
 the Argives. 
 
 islands, no man should lay hands upon us, 
 because we were bent upon other employ- 
 ments. 
 
 O 2
 
 196 AAH90Y2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 30. 
 
 
 re ^eivy $ie$e%ero otov dcrtyaXTOV KOA 
 
 OeiOV KOjl TTlTTTj^ (L^CL KaiO{AVO)V, KCLl 
 
 
 avQpwnwv OTTTCD/ievcov, KUI o 
 
 avrov ^povoq TTITTIVV]' ^Kovofiev e KCLI 
 \}>o(f)ov Kai 
 
 
 v * jr. . > / 
 
 so. rai<; [Aev ovv aAAai$ ov Trcoo'eo'%0 
 
 Vj 8e 7T/3y{AV, TOiafie <Y}V* KVKX( 
 
 TToicra 
 
 a/tax; Kara rov$
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 197 
 
 No sooner had we passed beyond the smell 
 of that sweet odour but we felt a horrible 
 filthy stink, like pitch and brimstone burning, 
 carrying an intolerable scent with it as if men 
 were broiling upon Burning coals : the air 
 was dark and muddy, from which distilled a 
 pitchy kind of dew. We heard also the lash 
 of the whips, and the roarings of the tor- 
 mented : yet went we not to visit all the 
 islands, but that wherein we landed was of f T . he hlands . 
 
 of the tormented. 
 
 this form : it was wholly compassed about 
 with steep, sharp, and craggy rocks, without 
 either wood or water: yet we made a shift 
 to scramble up among the cliffs, and so went 
 forwards in a way quite overgrown with 
 briars and thorns through a most villainous
 
 198 AAH0OY2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 31. 
 
 &e em 
 
 
 KCLl TO KOtKTryplOV TTpOJTO, fA6V TYjV 
 
 TOV TOTTOV eOavAuAev' TO 
 
 
 eppeov, o PJV j3op/3opov, o 
 
 , o &e e^&ov Ttvpoq, TTUVV fAe 
 
 OVTO$ KCLI aTrepaTO^ Kai eppei axnrep 
 
 KV[AO,TOVTO 
 
 rovq e piKovq av- 
 
 si. 
 
 e avrovq 
 
 
 8e jbia (TTev /a
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 199 
 
 ghastly country, and coming at last to the 
 prison and place of torment we wondered to 
 see the nature and quality of the soil, which 
 brought forth no other flowers but swords 
 and daggers, and round about it ran certain 
 rivers, the first of dirt, the second of blood, 
 and the innermost of burning fire, which was 
 very broad and unpassable, floating like water, 
 and working like the waves of the sea, full 
 of sundry fishes, some as big as firebrands, 
 others of a less size like coals of fire, and 
 these they call Lychniscies. 
 
 There was but one narrow entrance into it, 
 and Timon of Athens appointed to keep the 
 door, yet we got in by the help of Nauplius, 
 and saw them that were tormented, both
 
 200 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 31. 
 
 TOV 
 
 evlovq 
 
 
 TOV Y^ivvpav K&TTVU) 
 
 
 fifovg Kai ra$ airlag ec/)' alq 
 
 Kai pey terras anrao'wv 
 VTrefAevov ol tyevvafAevoi TI Trapa TOV 
 
 ol a TaXO crveaoTe ev 
 
 otq Kai Kr^d/a^ o Kv/&/o^ yv Kai 
 
 Kai aXXoi TroXXoi. TOVTOV$ ovv opcov 
 efyov ig TOVTTIOV rag 
 
 " ovftev 
 
 yap
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 201 
 
 kings and private persons very many, of 
 which there were some that I knew, for there 
 I saw Cinyrus tied by private members, and 
 hanging up in the smoke. But the greatest 
 torments of all are inflicted upon them that 
 told any lies in their lifetime, and wrote 
 untruly, as Ctesias the Cnidian, Herodotus, T> 
 
 J cms. 
 
 and many other, which I beholding, was put 
 in great hopes that I should never have any- 
 thing to do there, for I do not know that hi 
 ever I spake any untruth in my life. We 
 therefore returned speedily to our ship (for 
 we could endure the sight no longer), and 
 taking our leaves of Nauplius, sent him back 
 again.
 
 202 AAH90Y2 I2TOPIA2. B. 32. 
 
 32. ra%eci}$ 5' ovv dvaarptyag ejrl vqv 
 vavv ov$e jap ytivvafiijv fyepeiv T/JV 
 d<T7rao-a(AVO<; TOV NavTrXiov owe- 
 i {ACT ' o\lyov etyaivero 
 
 viov y TCOV ovelpwv vyo-oq, d/Avftpa KOA 
 
 f SS V 
 
 oe 
 
 iiv i%e oe Kai avTVj TI 
 ovetpoig TrapaTrXycriov' vire^copei jap irpo- 
 
 <TIQVTU)V VjfAOJV Kai V7Te(f)VJ 
 
 VTTj3aiv. KaTaXa/3ovTe$ Se TTOTC 
 
 KOA cr7rXev(7avTe< e TOV 
 
 Trpoo-ajopevo/Aevov TrXyo-iov TCOV 
 TCOV eXetyavTivtov, y TO TOV 'AXe/c- 
 
 rpvovog epov ear/, ire pi 
 a7rej3aivo(jijv, TrapeXQovreg Se eq 
 
 
 oveipovg KOA TTOiKiovg ea)p-
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 203 
 
 A little after appeared the Isle of Dreams a * ' 
 
 Dreams de- 
 
 near unto us, an obscure country and un- scribed - 
 perspicuous to the eye, endued with the 
 same quality as dreams themselves are : for 
 as we drew, it still gave back and fled 
 from us, that it seemed to be farther 
 off than at the first, but in the end we 
 attained it and entered the haven called 
 Hypnus, and adjoined to the gate of Sir " 01 ' 
 ivory, where the temple of Alectryon stands, 
 and took land somewhat late in the even- 
 ing. 
 
 Entering the gate we saw many dreams of See The Cock - 
 sundry fashions ; but I will first tell you 
 somewhat of the city, because no man else 
 hath written any description of it : only
 
 204 AAH9OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 33. 
 
 e/7re7v, eirei /^Se aXXco r/y/ 
 Trepl avTy$, oq Se 
 
 ov 
 
 oweypoaf/e. 
 
 33. KvxXa) (Aev irepl 7roi<7av 
 , ra tievtipa e . ecm 
 Kotji juavfiaoai KCLI tit* 
 
 ri TrXyQoq WKTepi$u>v TOVTO yap 
 ev Tfl vqcrco ylverai opveov. TTOTO,- 
 irapappci nXy/Giov o VTT ' 
 
 OVO/AUTO, KOA 
 
 8e Havvv%ta. o 
 
 7repi/3oXog Se Tyq TroXea)^ tyitfh&q re xai 
 
 Xog, lp til , TOyV 
 
 OV
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 205 
 
 t 
 
 Homer hath touched it a little, but to small v .$"'** 9 ' 
 
 
 
 purpose. 
 
 It is round about environed with a wood, 
 the trees whereof are exceeding high poppies 
 and mandragoras, in which an infinite num- Herbs pro- 
 
 curing sleep. 
 
 ber of owls do nestle, and no other birds &**#*$! 
 
 and per sons here 
 
 to be seen in the island : near unto it is 7rf& 
 
 as signify some- 
 
 a river running, called by them Nyctiporus, %%$$ t 
 
 or to the night. 
 
 and at the gates are two wells, the one 
 named Negretus, the other Pannychia. The 
 wall of the city is high and of a changeable 
 colour, like unto the rainbow, in which are 
 four gates, though Homer speak but of 
 two : for there are two which look toward 
 the fields of sloth, the one made of iron, the
 
 206 AAH60Y2 IZTOPIA2. B. 33. 
 
 
 TO 
 
 7TOV<rai, y Aev cr/Sa, &e ex 
 
 ev^, K&6 ' a^ eXeyovro aTro- 
 avTOJv o'l re fyofiepot K&L 
 
 
 8e e 
 
 ev 
 
 TO NuKToiov" (removal jap 6eu*v 
 
 fAaXicna, KCLI TOV ^ 
 
 TO lepov 
 
 OVTO$ jap 
 Trap* avTo7$ (TaTpajra^ $vo Kai 
 
 vos, Tapat:la)va re rov Mara/-
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 207 
 
 other of potter's clay, through which those 
 dreams have passage that represent fearful, 
 bloody, and cruel matters : the other two 
 behold the haven and the sea, of which the 
 one is made of horn, the other of ivory, 
 which we went in at. 
 
 As we entered the city, on the right hand 
 stands the temple of the Night, whom, with 
 Alectryon, they reverence above all the gods : 
 for he hath also a temple built for him 
 near unto the haven. On the left hand 
 stands the palace of sleep, for he is 
 the sovereign king over them all, and 
 hath deputed two great princes to govern 
 under him, namely, Taraxion, the son of 
 Matogenes, and Plutocles, the son of Phan- 
 tasion.
 
 208 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. B. 34. 
 
 KOA UXovTOKXea tov 
 Se 
 
 ev fieo' f fl e TT yopa irvjyyj TI$ ecmv, 
 KaXov&i Y^ape&Tiv* Kai TrXycriov vaol 
 
 TO aftvTOV 6CTT1V aVT()7$ KOA TO 
 
 ov TTpoeio-ryKei Trpotyv/Tevajv 'Avr/(/)aiv o 
 
 
 ovepcov VTTOKpiTijg, TavTys Trapa TOV 
 
 34. avrajv /Mevroi rcov ovelpwv 
 
 if it *<\ r a/ ^^> < 
 
 (pvcri$ ovre /6ea TJ avTy. aAA 01 
 
 re yvav Kai (AaXaxoi KUI 
 KOA vei$e7$, ol &e VK^yoi KOM 
 
 KCLl 01 
 
 ol 8e Taireivoi T KO.I 
 
 ev UVTOH; KOjt TrrepcDTOi Tiveq 
 
 KOA re^arcoSe/^, KOA aXXoi KOjOasnep e
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 209 
 
 In the middest of the market-place is a 
 well, by them called Careotis, and two 
 temples adjoining, the one of falsehood, 
 the other of truth, which have either of 
 them a private cell peculiar to the priests, 
 and an oracle, in which the chief prophet 
 is Antiphon, the interpreter of dreams, who 
 was preferred by Sleep to that place of 
 dignity. 
 
 These dreams are not all alike either in 
 nature or shape, for some of them are long, 
 beautiful, and pleasing: others again are as 
 short and deformed. Some make show to 
 be of gold, and others to be as base and 
 beggarly. Some of them had wings, and 
 were of monstrous forms : others set out in
 
 210 AAH6OY2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 35. 
 
 , 01 
 
 a, ol Se eg 6eov$ 9 ol Se e/V a 
 
 Afe/coa/x/^/x/evo/. TroXXovg 8e a^roi 
 yvu>p{(Taj/jjV TraXai Trap* VJ/MV ecopa 
 , o? S^ /ca/ Troo-evajV xai 
 
 
 av 
 
 iravv Xa^TTco Kai 
 
 royv re 
 
 
 voi /3a(nXea$ re Troiycreiv xai 
 
 evioi Se /ca/ aTr^yov oy/x/a^ e/V ra^ irarpt- 
 
 KOA 
 
 35. Aea *zv ovv 
 
 Trap* avro7$
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 211 
 
 pomp, as it were in a triumph, representing 
 the appearances of kings, gods, and other 
 persons. 
 
 Many of them were of our acquaintance, 
 for they had been seen of us before, which 
 came unto us and saluted us as their old 
 friends, and took us and lulled us asleep, 
 and feasted us nobly a*nd courteously, pro- 
 mising beside all other entertainment which 
 was sumptuous and costly, to make us kings 
 and princes. Some of them brought us home 
 to our own country to show us our friends 
 there, and come back with us the next 
 morrow. 
 
 Thus we spent thirty days and as many 
 nights among them, sleeping and feasting 
 
 p 2
 
 212 AAH90YZ I2TOPIA2. B. 35. 
 
 KOI 
 
 aveypo/Aevoi 
 
 8 ' eKciQev ry 'Qyvyla vy 
 
 
 Xvcrag rr/v eTricrroXyv dveyt 
 
 
 Trapa crov rqv 
 
 vavayla, 
 
 
 
 olxeiav 
 
 
 
 VTTQ TrjXeyovov varepov TOV K
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 213 
 
 all the while, until a sudden clap of thunder 
 awakened us all, and we starting up, pro- 
 vided ourselves of victuals, and took sea 
 again, and on the third day landed in 
 Ogygia. But upon the way I opened the 
 letter I was to deliver, and read the contents, 
 which were these : 
 
 "Ulysses to Calypso sendeth greeting. 
 This is to give you to understand that after 
 my departure from you in the vessel I made 
 in haste for myself, I suffered shipwreck, 
 and hardly escaped by the help of Leucothea 
 into the country of the Phaeacks, who sent 
 me to mine own home, where I found many 
 that were wooers to my wife, and riotously 
 consumed my means ; but I slew them all,
 
 214 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 36. 
 
 yevofAevov awgpeOyv, KCLI vvv eifAi ev 
 $ MaKapwv vvjcrcp TTUVV [Aeravoajv em 
 TCO Ka,TaXi7re7v TT/V Trapa croi filairav KCM, 
 
 V7TO (70V 
 
 ovv 
 
 Ttpoq cre. <( TavTa [Aev efiyXov V/ 
 
 , Kal Trep} 
 
 6(JJ{AV. 
 
 
 evov TO GTrXaiov TOIOVTOV olov 
 
 
 
 irpcoTa /Aev em TtoXv ea/o 
 pvev, eTteira e TrapexaXei vjfAaq em 
 a KCLI e/Vr/a XafA7rpa}$ KCLI Trepi TOV 
 
 KOA 7Tp}
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 215 
 
 and was afterwards killed myself by my son 
 Telegonus. whom I begat of Circe, and am , 
 
 told by his mo- 
 ther whose son 
 
 now in the island of the blessed, where I ***v*w&rf 
 
 to Ithaca to see 
 
 daily repent myself for refusing 1 to live with being kept bad 
 
 by the guard, 
 
 you, and forsaking the immortality proffered o 
 
 tance, he slew 
 i i , / T A. certain of them, 
 
 me by you ; but if I can spy a convenient an d at length 
 
 Ulysses being 
 
 time, I will give them all the slip and come JT %!*, 
 
 Telegonus not 
 
 tr> VO11 " knowing who he 
 
 nj y \J u . was, ignorantly 
 
 slew him. 
 
 This was the effect of the letter, with 
 some addition concerning us, that we should 
 have entertainment : and far had I not gone 
 from the sea but I found such a cave as 
 Homer speaks of, and she herself working 
 busily at her wool. When she had received 
 the letter, and brought us in, she began to 
 weep and take on grievously, but afterwards
 
 216 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 37. 
 
 Tryg, OTroia re eiy VYJV o\f/w KOA el 
 
 'Ofivcro-evi; TtaXai irepi 
 KOA x/e/ TOIUVTO, dire- 
 
 rore Lev ovv oijTeXBovre eiri 
 
 vawv TrXycriov eir} rys yiovoq 
 
 rov TrvevAaro' KCM 
 
 6ei>Te<; 
 
 
 ovroi ajpioi ex rcov 
 
 . ra 
 
 cloven /AeyaXa KoXoKvvdiva, TO 
 
 T/JV KoXoKw6av, KOiXajVavreq avTyv KOA 
 
 ryv evrepiwvyv e/ATrXeovGiv, la-
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 217 
 
 she called us to meat, and made us very 
 good cheer, asking us many questions con- 
 cerning Ulysses and Penelope, whether she 
 was so beautiful and modest as Ulysses had 
 often before bragged of her. 
 
 And we made her such answer as we 
 thought would give her best content: and 
 departing to our ship, reposed ourselves near 
 unto the shore, and in the morning put to 
 sea, where we were taken with a violent 
 storm, which tossed us two days together, 
 and on the third we fell among the Colocyn- 
 thopiratans. These are a wild kind of men, 
 that issue out of the islands adjoining, and 
 prey upon passengers, and for their shipping 
 have mighty great gourds six cubits in
 
 218 AAH9OY2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 38. 
 
 
 
 oQovyq TCU tyvXXco 
 7rpocrj3aXovT$ ovv . y/jJiv diro 
 
 KCLl 
 
 TO) 
 
 . d<y%(i)/&aXa)$ Se em 
 
 TTiv TCOV Ko\OKVv6o7Tif>a,Ta)v Tr 
 
 KlVOl 
 
 
 38. Tji^etq 8e ev TOVOVTCO 7rapavTe<; ty 
 
 01
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 219 
 
 length, which they make hollow when they 
 are ripe, and cleanse out all that is within 
 them, and use the rinds for ships, making 
 their masts of reeds, and their sails of the 
 gourd leaves. 
 
 These set upon us with two ships fur- 
 nished and fought with us, and wounded 
 many, casting at us instead of stones the 
 seeds of those gourds. The fight was con- 
 tinued with equal fortune until about noon, 
 at which time, behind the Colocynthopiratans, 
 we espied the Caryonautans coming on, who, 
 as it appeared, were enemies to the other, 
 for when they saw them approach, they for- 
 sook us and turned about to fight with 
 them ; and in the mean space we hoist sail 
 and away, leaving them together by the ears,
 
 220 AAH6OY2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 39. 
 
 Kapvovavrai are KCM irXelov^ irevre yap 
 
 G&TTO i(r%vpOTp(av 
 
 vecov fAa,%o(Aevoi* TO, yap ?rXo7a yv avrdig 
 
 
 y (A i op, a 
 
 opyviai TrevTeKaifteKa. eirei Se 
 fy&ILev avrovg, lOj/AeOd re rov$ 
 Tiaq KCLI ro XOITTOV ev ro7$ 07rXot$ 
 cog eir/nav del riva$ eTTtfiovXag T 
 
 %QfAVOl OV 
 
 39. OVTTCt) JOVV $$VKl yXlO<; 9 KOA 
 
 diro -rivoq epy/iov wyvov TrpocryXavvov 
 
 ocrov 
 
 Acov o%ovfAVOi, Xyo-Tai Kai OVTOI' KCM ol 
 
 avrov$ efyepov d 
 
 (Jt)<77Tp
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 221 
 
 and no doubt but the Caryonautans had the 
 better of the day, for they exceeded in num- 
 ber, having five ships well furnished, and 
 their vessels of greater strength, for they are 
 made of nutshells cloven in the midst and 
 cleansed, of which every half is fifteen fathom 
 in length. 
 
 When we were got out of sight we were 
 careful for the curing of our hurt men, and 
 from that time forwards went no more un- 
 armed, fearing continually to be assaulted on 
 the sudden : and good cause we had : for 
 before sunsetting some twenty men or there- 
 abouts, which also were pirates, made towards 
 us, riding upon monstrous great dolphins, 
 which carried them surely : and when their 
 mders gat upon their backs, would neigh
 
 222 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIA2. B. 40. 
 
 ol 
 
 evOev, 01 8e evftev e 
 
 Kai otyOaXfAo'is KapKiva)v. 
 
 
 , aXXa TcoSe^re^ o; TroXXo/ 
 
 40. ?re^/ 6 TO 
 
 Aev 7rpoo"OKeiXavTe$ a 
 TrafA/AeyeOei' o~Ta5/cov youv yv avrv/ 
 TO TreptfAeTpov. eTTCTrXei 8e y 
 V TO, a>a OaXTrovcra ov TroXv 
 . KCLI Soy d 
 
 VOJVV TO) 
 
 yoepav 
 
 eOeaj-
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 223 
 
 t 
 
 like horses. When they were come near us, 
 they divided themselves, some on the one 
 side, and some on the other, and flung at 
 us with dried cuttle-fishes and the eyes of 
 sea-crabs ; but when we shot at them again 
 and hurt them, they would not abide it, 
 but fled to the island, the most of them 
 wounded. 
 
 About midnight, the sea being calm, we 
 fell before we were aware upon a mighty 
 great halcyon's nest, in compass no less than or kingfisher. 
 threescore furlongs, in which the halcyon 
 herself sailed, as she was hatching her eggs, 
 in quantity almost equalling the nest, for 
 when she took her wings, the blast of her 
 feathers had like to have overturned our 
 ship, making a lamentable noise as she flew 
 along.
 
 224 AAH9OY2 I2TOPIAZ. B. 41. 
 
 vyv KaXiav o%$la 
 
 Se KOU 
 
 (ACVTOl KOA 01 V60TTOI 
 
 
 exploit. TreXeKecriv ovv 
 
 ev TCOV wcov veorrov 
 
 eiKOcri JVTTOJV 
 
 ovov oraS/Of^ $iaKocriov$, repara 
 
 o re yap ev ry 
 
 (f>aXaKpo<; oy&oy cov dve- 
 
 TO TTUVTWV 
 
 o jap
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 225 
 
 As soon as it was day, we got upon it, 
 and found it to be a nest, fashioned like a 
 great lighter, with trees plaited and wound 
 one within another, in which were five hun- 
 dred eggs, every one bigger than a tun of 
 Chios measure, and so near their time of 
 hatching that the young chickens might be 
 seen and began to cry. Then with an axe 
 we hewed one of the eggs in pieces, and 
 cut out a young one that had no feathers, 
 which yet was bigger than twenty of our 
 vultures. 
 
 When we had gone some two hundred 
 furlongs from this nest, fearful prodigies and 
 strange tokens appeared unto us, for the 
 carved goose, that stood for an ornament on
 
 226 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIAZ. B. 42. 
 
 dvetyvcre KO.I CTTI TCO axpco e/tap- 
 
 8e 
 
 o e Kap7ro$ yv ait/to, 
 
 , OVTTO) 
 
 f \ * \ % f \ 
 
 TO eiKOt; eTOjpajfflVjfjjev KCLI 
 
 \ 5 
 
 ro7g Oediq dirorpetyai TO 
 
 XOKOTOV TOV 
 
 42. OVTTCO 
 
 
 / Xacriov 
 
 TTITVCOV KO.I KUTTaplTTCOV. KOA 
 
 * 
 
 yireipov elvai* TO 8e 
 
 
 yovv Kai TO Troiv 
 
 TI 
 
 jap 8/a roiv
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 227 
 
 the stern of our ship, suddenly flushed out 
 with feathers and began to ciy. Scintharus, 
 our pilot, that was a bold man, in an instant 
 was covered with hair : and which was more 
 strange than all the rest, the mast of our 
 ship began to bud out with branches and 
 to bear fruit at the top, both of figs and 
 great clusters of grapes, but not yet ripe. 
 Upon the sight of this we had great cause 
 to be troubled in mind, and therefore be- 
 sought the gods to avert from us the evil 
 that by these tokens was portended. 
 
 And we had not passed full out five hun- 
 dred furlongs, but we came in view of a 
 mighty wood of pine - trees and cypress, 
 which made us think it had been land, when 
 it was indeed a sea of infinite depth, planted 
 with trees that had no roots, but floated 
 
 2
 
 228 AAH90Y2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 42. 
 
 TOV VJV TTVKva jap K&i 7rpocre%y 
 
 OVT6 
 
 e dveXOcov eiri TO 
 
 KUl 
 
 7Tl 
 
 Ti\elovq T^V ilx^z^ ovcrav, 
 
 erepov WKeavov eK$e%o{Aei>ov. KOA 
 dva6e[Aevov<; ryv vavv 
 
 TTJV Kop^yv TOJV evpwv TTVKVTJ 
 V7rp/3i/3acrai 9 el ftvvalfieOa, eq 
 erepav' K&I OVT(JL>$ 
 
 <yap avryv xaXco 
 
 dvifAyjcrafAeOa, xai QevTeq em TCOV 
 
 TO, /or/a 
 
 ev OaXaTTy eTrXeo/Aev TOV dve/AOv
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 229 
 
 firm and upright, standing upon the water. 
 When we came to it and found how the 
 case stood with us, we knew not what to do 
 with ourselves. To go forwards through the 
 trees was altogether impossible : they were 
 so thick and grew so close together : and to 
 turn again with safety was as much unlikely. 
 I therefore got me up to the top of the 
 highest tree to discover, if I could, what 
 was beyond ; and I found the breadth of 
 the wood to be fifty furlongs or there- 
 about, and then appeared another ocean 
 to receive us. Wherefore we thought it 
 best to assay to lift up our ship upon the 
 leaves of the trees which were thick grown, 
 and by that means pass over, if it were 
 possible, to the other ocean : and so we 
 did : for fastening a strong cable to our
 
 230 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 43. 
 
 OOVVTO$ eTTicrvpofAevoi' evOa 807 KCLI TO 
 
 10V TTOITJTOV 
 
 i jap TTOV KOjKeivoq* 
 Tolviv 8' vXyevTO, 8/a TrXoov 
 43. 
 
 eq TO 
 
 v&vv 
 
 
 pov KCfji $iavyov$ y 
 
 e/c 
 
 Va), KaOdirep ev 
 
 opco/Aev VTTO (reicrfAcov yevo- 
 
 TO, /or/a oz; 
 
 '' eX6oj 
 
 Trap oyov eoj(ra 
 
 
 ovov crraS/coy %iXiaw {AaXa tyofiepov KCLI
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 231 
 
 ship, we wound it about the tops of the 
 trees, and with much ado poised it up to 
 the height, and placing it upon the branches, 
 spread our sails, and were carried as it 
 were upon the sea, dragging our ship after 
 us by the help of the wind which set it 
 forwards. At which time a verse of the 
 poet Antimachus came to my remembrance, 
 wherein he speaks of sailing over tops of 
 trees. 
 
 When we had passed over the wood, and 
 were come to the sea again, we let down 
 our ship in the same manner as we took it 
 up. Then sailed we forwards in a pure and 
 clear stream, until we came to an exceeding 
 great gulf or trench in the sea, made by 
 the division of the waters as many times 
 is upon land, where we see great clefts
 
 232 AAH00Y2 I2TOPIAZ. B. 44. 
 
 x 
 
 fio^ov' e/Vr^/ce/ jap TO vftoop axmep 
 ' TtepifiXeTrovTeq e 
 ov TTCLVV TroppajOev 
 
 
 <; vqv erepav 
 
 ovv Tdlq K(*)7i;ai$ KCLI 
 Ke7vo Trojpe^p&pjOpjev K&I 
 
 44. 
 re Trpocryves K&L wy<TQ$ ov [AeydXvj, ev- 
 
 7Tpocrno$, o-vvoiKOVfAevy* 
 
 aypioi avOpcoiroi, 
 
 I OLOV Trap" ypAv TOV Mtvwravpov 
 . 8flto$cwT$ Se
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 233 
 
 made in the ground by earthquakes and 
 other means. Whereupon we struck sail 
 and our ship stayed upon a sudden when 
 it was at the pit's brim ready to tumble 
 in : and we stooping down to look into it, 
 thought it could be no less than a thou- 
 sand furlongs deep, most fearful and mon- 
 strous to behold, for the water stood as it 
 were divided into two parts, but looking 
 on our right hand afar off, we perceived a 
 bridge of water, which to our seeming, did 
 join the two seas together and crossed over 
 from the one to the other. Wherefore we 
 laboured with oars to get unto it, and over 
 it we went and with much ado got to 
 the further side beyond all our expectation. 
 
 Then a calm sea received us, and in it 
 we found an island, not very great, but
 
 2.34 AAH9OY2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 44. 
 
 KOA (7/T/a 
 
 OVKCTI jap efyopev. KOA 
 vTOv 7r\vj<Tlov Vf>OfAV, 
 8e ovfiev etyaivero, TrXy 
 ov TTOppwOev yKovero. So^avre^ ovv 
 elvat j3ocov, /car' 
 
 dv6pu)7roi$. ol 8e 
 
 XafAfiavovcriv, ol e AO/TTG/ TT^O^ roy 
 
 e/ra 
 
 
 irepi&elv Tovq (f)tXov$ e/A- 
 
 ro7<; ySou/cec^aXo/^ ra Kpea rcov 
 
 KreivofAev re 
 
 /c*a/ aJ^ra a^rcm;
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 235 
 
 inhabited with unsociable people, for in it 
 were dwelling wild men named Bucepha- 
 lians, that had horns on their heads like 
 the picture of Minotaurus. where we went * mons ^ et ' f 
 
 who was half 
 a bull and half 
 
 ashore to look for fresh water and victuals, *,*# 
 
 on Pasiph ae, the 
 -wife of Minos, 
 
 for ours was all spent : and there we found &? f Crete, 
 
 by a bull, with 
 . , i i 1 "which she fell 
 
 water enough, but nothing: else appeared : * ***, etc. 
 
 ' OVID. Met. 
 
 only we heard a great bellowing and roar- 
 ing a little way off, which we thought to 
 have been some herd of cattle, and going 
 forwards, fell upon those men, who espying 
 us, chased us back again, and took three of 
 our company: the rest fled towards the sea. 
 Then we all armed ourselves, not mean- 
 ing to leave our friends unrevenged, and 
 set upon the Bucephalians as they were 
 dividing the flesh of them that were slain, 
 and put them all to flight, and pursued
 
 236 AAII00Y2 IZTOPIAZ. B. 44. 
 
 , KO.I 
 
 
 ovfiev evpopev. 01 /Aev ovv aXXoi 
 
 
 OVK 
 
 TOJV 
 
 Xvr- 
 
 poiq Tovq <TVvei\ f Y](jjpjevovq % vvvtepjev yap 
 $iavVovTO)v Kat yoepov ri 
 
 IKTVOVT(1)V. TO, 
 
 TVpol TTOXXO/ KCLl l%0v$ fypOl KOM 
 
 OTTIO-- 
 
 , ol &e TTova) elq eva 
 
 67T/ 
 
 KOI
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 237 
 
 after them, of whom we killed fifty, and 
 two we took alive, and so returned with 
 our prisoners ; but food we could find none. 
 
 Then the company were all earnest with 
 me to kill those whom we had taken ; but 
 I did not like so well of that, thinking it 
 better to keep them in bonds until ambas- 
 sadors should come from the Bucephalians to 
 ransom them that were taken, and indeed they 
 did : and I well understood by the nodding 
 of their heads, and their lamentable lowing, 
 like petitioners, what their business was. 
 
 So we agreed upon a ransom of sundry 
 cheeses and dried fish and onions and four 
 deer with three legs apiece, two behind and 
 one before. Upon these conditions we de- 
 livered those whom we had taken, and tarry- 
 ing there but one day, departed.
 
 238 AAH0OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 45. 
 
 45. y^vj &e i%6ve$ re vj/juv efyalvovro 
 opvea 7rap7reTTO Kai aXX OTTO era 
 
 
 va,VTtXia<; %pu>/jjvov<;' t OWTOI jap 
 Kai vavTat Kai vyeq yvav. Xe^co e TOV 
 
 TOV TpOTTOV* V7TTIOI Kl/AVOl 7Tl TOV 
 
 ra al^ola fieyaXa Se 
 avTCov oOovyv 
 
 TOV 
 
 TOVTOV$ 
 
 re 
 
 * ol 8e Trpoiovres eTiefyepQVTO tovq 
 
 . ovroi ypjaq olre yftiKOvv ovre 
 
 efyevyov, aXX' oyXawov aeco^ re
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 239 
 
 Then the fishes began to show them- 
 selves in the sea, and the birds flew over 
 our heads, and all other tokens of our 
 approach to land appeared unto us. Within 
 a while after we saw men travelling the 
 seas, and a new found manner of navigation, 
 themselves supplying the office both for ship 
 and sailor, and I will tell you how. As they 
 lie upon their backs in the water and their 
 privy members standing upright, which are of 
 a large size and fit for such a purpose, they 
 fasten thereto a sail, and holding their cords 
 in their hands, when the wind hath taken it, 
 are carried up and down as please themselves. 
 
 After these followed others riding upon 
 cork, for they yoke two dolphins together, 
 and drive them on (performing themselves 
 the place of a coachman), which draw the
 
 240 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 46. 
 
 ipyviKco<; TO e/0 TO? y/Aerepov TrXolov 
 
 Xy' KarcpKVjTO e ai 
 
 UTTO 
 
 Trpcxyyeo-av jap xai 
 ro KOA ytnrafyvTO, Travv er 
 
 K(LI ttaXai Tracrai xai 
 
 ovv 
 
 at yvvoAKeq eKaarv] TTpog 
 KOM evov eTro/erro. eyco &e 
 pov v7TO(TTa<; ov jap ^pyvTa, 
 
 &Kpij3eo"repov re 7repi/3Xe7ra)v opoj 
 
 dvOpCOTTOJV OCTToi KCLl KpdVlOj Kl-
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 241 
 
 cork along after them. These never offered us 
 any violence, nor once shunned our sight ; but 
 passed along in our company without fear, in a 
 peaceable manner, wondering at the greatness 
 of our ship, and beholding it on every side. 
 At evening we arrived upon a small island, 
 inhabited, as it seemed, only by women, 
 which could speak the Greek language ; for 
 they came unto us, gave us their hands, 
 and saluted us, all attired like wantons, 
 beautiful and young, wearing long mantles 
 down to the foot : the island was called 
 Cabbalusa and the city Hydramardia. So 
 the women received us, and every one of 
 them took aside one of us for herself, and 
 made him her guest. But I pausing a 
 little upon it (for my heart misgave me), 
 looked narrowly round about, and saw the 
 
 R
 
 242 AAH6OY2 IZTOP1AZ. B. 46. 
 
 xai TO p*ev /3ov/v icrTavai /ca/ rovg 
 
 e ra 
 
 pelv OVK 
 
 
 TroXXa, yvffipvjv (Liny S/a- 
 
 K raiv TraovTCM KUKCOV. 
 
 
 cr/ceXo; o^ yvvaiKog, aXX' ovot^ OTrXa^" 
 Soy cnracrafAevos TO %i(j)0<; (7vXXa[A/3ava) 
 
 T TCLVTyv Kai <7a 7reC>/ roiv 
 
 Je, a/towa, Aev, eiTre 
 
 efoai 
 
 TrpoeayopevofAevas, Tpo- 
 
 
 7ri%eipov{Av 
 TavTa eKevyv f&v MVTOV KCLI 
 
 Se
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 243 
 
 bones of many men, and the skulls lying 
 together in a corner ; yet I thought not good to 
 make any stir, or to call my company about 
 me, or to put on arms ; but taking the mallow 
 into my hand, made my earnest prayers thereto 
 that I might escape out of those present perils. 
 Within a while after, when the strange 
 female came to wait upon me, I perceived 
 she had not the legs of a woman, but the 
 hoofs of an ass. Whereupon I drew my 
 sword, and taking fast hold of her, bound 
 her, and examined her upon the point: and 
 she, though unwillingly, confessed that they 
 were sea-women, called Onosceleans, and 
 they fed upon strangers that travelled that 
 way. For, said she, when we have made 
 them drunk, we go to bed to them, and 
 in their sleep, make a hand of them.
 
 244 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIAZ. B. 47. 
 
 
 TO <7Teo e3ocov re 
 
 KOA yyov (70) 7rpo$ vqv 
 avTixa v$u>p eyeveto KCLI 
 
 6 TO /)0 6 TO 
 
 TO Se a//>oa eyevero 
 
 67T/ 
 
 KCLI eirei 
 
 7Tl &6 GVWyXdoV, TO, 
 
 ai>To7$ xai ra re oora e 
 
 , ryv yireipov oi7roj3Xe7ro{Aevoi eiKcify- 
 elvai tyv avrnrepav ly vcf) ' oy^cov 
 
 8 ' 
 
 ovv KOA Trpocrev^ajAevoi irepi TCOV
 
 V V~f 
 
 .
 
 TRUE HISTORY. 245 
 
 I hearing this, left her bound in the 
 place where she was, and went up to the 
 roof of the house, where I made an outcry, 
 and called my company to me, and when they 
 were come together, acquainted them with all 
 that I had heard, and showed them the bones, 
 and brought them into her that was bound, 
 who suddenly was turned into water, and 
 could not be seen. Notwithstanding, I thrust 
 my sword into the water to see what would 
 come of it, and it was changed into blood. 
 
 Then we made all the haste we could to our 
 ship, and got us away, and as soon as it was 
 clear day, we had sight of the mainland, which 
 we judged to be the country opposite to our 
 continent. Whereupon we worshipped, and 
 made our prayers, and took council what was 
 now to be done. Some thought it best only to
 
 246 AAH6OY2 I2TOPIA2. B. 47. 
 
 TO 
 
 evoiKOvvrwv. ev oVco Se 
 
 fAeOa,, %eifA(ov vfyo^poq e 
 
 TO (TKa()0 TO> 
 
 ra oVXa e/cacrro^ /ca/ e/ T/ aXXo o/o^ re 
 
 ovv TO, 
 
 (Tvveve%6evr& fjuoi ev TVJ 
 
 
 ev TCO ae^/ /ca/ ^er ' a^ra ev TO> 
 
 di re 
 
 KCU ro7 oveiQi KCLI TO, 

 
 TRUE HISTORY. 247 
 
 go a-land and so return back again : others 
 thought it better to leave our ship there and 
 march into the mid-land to try what the 
 inhabitants would do : but whilst we were 
 upon this consultation a violent storm fell upon 
 us, which drave our ship against the shore, 
 and burst it all in pieces, and with much ado 
 we all swam to land with our arms, every man 
 catching what he could lay hands on. 
 
 These are all the occurrences I can ac- 
 quaint you withal, till the time of our land- 
 ing, both in the sea, and in our course to 
 the islands, and in the air, and after that in 
 the whale ; and when we came out again what 
 betid unto us among the Heroes and among 
 the dreams, and lastly among the Bucephalians 
 and the Onosceleans. What passed upon land 
 the next books shall deliver.
 
 UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FAC 
 
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