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 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES

 
 FAMILIAR SKETCHES 
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY.
 
 FAMILIAE SKETCHES 
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY 
 
 SURHOUNDINGS. 
 
 FRANK H. CUNNINGHAM. 
 
 SEit!) Kllustratfons. 
 
 BOSTON: 
 JAMES R. OSGOOD AND COMPANY. 
 
 1883.
 
 Copyrifjht, 1S8S, 
 By Frank H. Cunningham. 
 
 All rights reserved. 
 
 University Press : 
 John Wilson and Son, Camrridge.
 
 LD 
 
 TO 
 
 MY MOTHER, 
 
 TO WHOM I OWE MORE THAN I CAN EVER REPAY, 
 ARE AFFECTIONATELY INSCRIBED. 
 
 EDUCATION
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 A VISIT to some of the great schools of England, 
 one summer, during my student days at Exeter, 
 and a subsequent inquiry into their foundation, endow- 
 ment, and discipline, led me to study somewhat care- 
 fully the history of the school in which I was most 
 interested, — that of the Phillips Exeter Academy. I 
 was surprised to find how meagre were the sources of 
 information. The only available articles were Professor 
 Hoyt's paper, published in 1858, in the North Amer- 
 ican Review, and Professor Bowen's Preface to the 
 General Catalogue issued by the Academy in 1869. 
 These, although written in a far more scholarly style 
 than I coidd hope to command, were necessarily brief. 
 
 " This institution," I considered, " founded as it was 
 in the days of Washington, of Lafayette, and of Jeffer- 
 son, possessing as it does such glorious traditions and so 
 many eminent Alumni, deserves, beyond a doubt, a Avrit- 
 ten history." It was suggested that I should write 
 something ; but I at first hesitated. A few letters 
 wi'itten for the Boston daily and weekly newspapers, 
 during a residence of four years at the South, consti-
 
 viii PREFACE. 
 
 tutod about all the work of this nature I had thus far 
 attempted. Later, however, encouraged by those whose 
 advice I value, a series of sketches which should cover 
 the salient points in the Academy's history was planned 
 and begun. At the suggestion of the Rev. John Lang- 
 don Sibley, Harvard's venerable Librarian Emeritus, I 
 at once began an extensive correspondence with the 
 Alumni, young and old, and several well-filled letter- 
 books attest the interest wliich all have taken in the 
 project. To these letters, to books, papers, manu- 
 scripts, and other letters, found in public and private 
 libraries, to the records of the Acadenjy, and to the 
 information given by the many friends of the school, I 
 am indebted for the contents of this volume. 
 
 It will be observed that, although I have drawn freely 
 on these sources of information, yet as far as possible 
 I have endeavored in each case to give due credit. 
 
 The history of the Academy contained in the first 
 seven chapters is my own work. The remainder of the 
 volume, owing to the extent of the undertaking and 
 the short time allowed for its completion, is mainly con- 
 tributed. Of the biographical notices contained in 
 Chapters VIIL, IX., X., and XL, the sketch of Jere- 
 miah Kingiuan was written by Prof. Sylvester Water- 
 house, of Washington University, St. Louis ; the sketch 
 of Joseph S. Buckminster, by Mr. George P. F. Hob- 
 son ; that of Benjamin F. Butler, by Mr. P. J. Casey. 
 The sketches of Richard Ilildrcth, A. J. Packard, 
 Nathan Hale, and Theodore Lyman, by JNIr. L. M. Gar-
 
 PREFACE. ix 
 
 rison. The remainder, with the exception of the 
 sketches of Daniel Webster, Edward Everett, Jared 
 Sparks, Robert F. Pennell, and George L. Kittredge, 
 which were written by myself, were supplied by Mr. 
 Thomas Hunt, who, as well as all the above-mentioned 
 contributors, has materially aided in the preparation of 
 this volume. For the chapter of Reminiscences, I am 
 indebted to the gentlemen whose names appear at the 
 end of the articles. 
 
 The sketch of the Golden Branch was contributed by 
 Mr. Frank H. Stanyan ; that of the G. L. Soule Lit- 
 erary Society, by IVIr. John M. Merriam ; the history of 
 the Exonian was written by Mr. William N. Needles, 
 of Philadelphia, one of the founders of the paper. The 
 introduction to the sketches of the various societies was 
 written by M\\ Thomas Hunt ; and the sketch which 
 appears in the chapter on Sports and Games was written 
 by Mr. L. M. Garrison. The article on Exeter, which 
 was contributed by a friend, is founded mainly on a 
 manuscript sketch of Exeter by the Rev. Jacob Chap- 
 man, and on a pamphlet entitled, " Exeter in 1 77Q,'' by 
 the Hon. Charles H. Bell. 
 
 This work, which has greatly outgrown its original 
 proportions, has been prosecuted under unusual difficul- 
 ties, and in the hours which should have been devoted 
 to study or other work, or to rest. Therefore may the 
 critics be not too critical. 
 
 Although no labor or expense has been spared to 
 render the book complete ,and free from errors, yet
 
 X PREFACE. 
 
 omissions will be noticed and mistakes will be found, as 
 in a volume of this nature they are unavoidable. It is 
 to be hoped that revised and enlarged editions of the 
 work may be issued from time to time ; and with this 
 in view, the author will esteem it a favor to be notified 
 — through the j)ublishers, ]\Iessrs. James R. Osgood 
 & Co. — of any errors that may be discovered. He will 
 also be happy to receive any information or suggestions 
 which will contribute to the completeness of the 
 Academy's history. 
 
 •jMany persons have laid the author under obligations 
 by contributing information or by the loan of documents, 
 books, or photographs. He would here express his 
 deep sense of gratitude for the favors and assistance 
 rendered by that thoroughly unselfish scholar, the Rev. 
 John Langdon Sibley, and also by the Hon. Wendell 
 Phillips and the Rev. Phillips Brooks. Thanks are 
 also due to Dr. Cecil F. P. Bancroft, Principal of the 
 Phillips Academy at Andover ; to Rev. William L. Ropes, 
 the Librarian of the Andover Theological Seminary ; to 
 the Librarians, and their assistants, of Harvard College 
 Library, the Boston Athenaeum Library, the Boston 
 Public Library, and the Library of the ^Massachusetts 
 Historical Society ; to the Trustees of the Phillips Exe- 
 ter Academy, especially to the Rev. Andrew P. Peabody, 
 the Hon. George S. Hale, and to Dr. Xicholas E. Soulc ; 
 to the Faculty of the Academy ; to Prof. Robert F. 
 Pennell, and to many other gentlemen of Exeter. 
 
 Cambridge, May 31, 1883.
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 Page 
 Chapter 
 
 I. Historical Introduction 1 
 
 11. Biographical and Historical : First 
 
 AND Second Periods 15 
 
 in. Biographical and Historical : Third 
 
 AND Fourth Periods 37 
 
 IV. Financial and Chronological .... 69 
 
 V. The Founder and the Phillips Family 87 
 
 VI. The Buildings 106 
 
 VII. Government 121 
 
 VIII. Biographical Sketches : Alumni . . . 128 
 
 IX. Biographical Sketches: Alumni . . . 151 
 X. Biographical Sketches : Instructors, 
 
 Past and Present 173 
 
 XI. Biographical Sketches: Benefactors 
 
 and Trustees 203 
 
 XII. Reminiscences and Anecdotes .... 220 
 
 XIII. Societies 248
 
 xii CONTENTS. 
 
 Page 
 
 XIV. The Exonian 272 
 
 XV. Sports and CxAmes 581 
 
 XVI. Statistical and Miscellaneous . . . 287 
 
 XVII. Exeter : Its Past and Present . . . 319 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Act of Incorporation 325 
 
 Constitution 330 
 
 Commemorative Poems 340 
 
 Orders of Exercises 346 
 
 Index 351
 
 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Page 
 
 Abbot Hall 116 
 
 Academy, First Building 8 
 
 " Second Building ........ 8 
 
 " Third Building 59 
 
 Academy Seal ii 
 
 Baptist Church 323 
 
 Episcopal Church . . , 323 
 
 First Congregationalist Church 323 
 
 G. L. SouLB Literary Society Seal .... 263 
 
 GoRHAM Hall 117 
 
 Great Hall, or " Chapel " 59 
 
 Old Powder-House 321 
 
 Phillips Family Arms 87 
 
 Phillips, Hon. John, Autograph 104 
 
 Principal's House 233 
 
 Room on Pine Street 278 
 
 Room No. 12, Abbot Hall 278
 
 xiv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS, 
 
 Page 
 Second Congregationalist Church 323 
 
 Tongue of the Old Academy Bell 120 
 
 View on Water Street 233 
 
 Benjamin Abbot » . 173 
 
 Joseph Gibson Hoyt « . 
 
 Woodbridge Odlin 
 
 Albert Cornelius Perkins 
 
 Hon. John Phillips (the Founder) 
 
 John Langdon Sibley 
 
 Gideon Lane Soule
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Events which led to the Establishment of the 
 Academy. — The Formal Opening of the School,, 
 AND THE Installation of the First Principal. 
 
 T IKE the waves which roll in upon the neighboring 
 "^^ beach at Hampton, their glistening crests follow- 
 ing one another in a long line, the first hundred years in 
 the history of the Phillips Exeter Academy have passed. 
 Just as those waves have smiled or frowned under the 
 sunshine or storm of heaven, these hundred years of 
 school life have been made glad or sad by changes 
 which every school must experience. Let us rejoice 
 to-day that, unlike the breakers which strand so many 
 goodly ships, time has made no wreck of the classic 
 halls of Exeter. 
 
 The old school, like a tender mother, has smiled and 
 frowned at the tricks of her children : for them she has 
 hidden the gates of the good townsfolk ; often has she 
 sneezed at the fumes of burning pepper or tobacco; and 
 once, when she saw an old pupil,^ done in marble, car- 
 1 Hon. Benjamin F. Butler. 
 1
 
 2 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 ried away in triumph to be hidden for months in some 
 obscure attic, it is said that she heaved a deep sigh. 
 
 ]\Iany and many a time her bell lias prochiimed the 
 victories of her sons at bat and ball, and they have 
 never suffered defeat but she has sorrowed. She has 
 watched, with the satisfaction of a fond parent, the 
 hard work that has made her boys men ; and in after 
 years, when they had left her protecting care, and iiad 
 gone forth, like Don Quixote, to champion the dis- 
 tressed and right the wrongs of humanity, she has been 
 delighted at their successes. If, more happy than the 
 illustrious Don, they won a lady-love, and sent back to 
 their Alma Mater their little Dons, she has indeed 
 been proud. 
 
 So the years have passed, until to-day, looking over 
 this broad land, we see these former students, these 
 Exeter graduates, engaged in every honorable employ- 
 ment, and " bearing their part well in every State and 
 Territory of the Union, and in every civilized nation of 
 the world." 
 
 Let us take a hasty look at the events that led to the 
 establishment of this Academy. 
 
 This school had its origin in no royal grant. No 
 bishop framed its charter. It was the work of neither 
 State nor Church. Only the kingly Christian hand of 
 a native of Massachusetts, the State that has bred so 
 many noble-hearted Yankees, only a humble citizen of 
 New Hampshire, wrote its constitution and devoted his 
 whole fortune to the endowment of this and kindred
 
 HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 3 
 
 institutions. Let us ever venerate the name of the 
 founder, and let the honorable Board of Trustees set 
 apart some day in each year as Founder's Day, to be ap- 
 propriately celebrated by literary and athletic exercises. 
 
 Just as the origin of our first town-meeting, an 
 institution dear to every American heart, was the sign- 
 ing of the compact in the cabin of the " JNIayflower " by 
 our Puritan fathers, so also the covenant signed by John 
 Winthrop and his companions was the germ from which 
 sprung the educational and religious movement that has 
 made our land so remarkable for its Christian civiliza- 
 tion. Winthrop's followers landed at Salem in 1630. 
 A few remained at Salem, others of them founded 
 Boston, while still others settled Watertown on the 
 royal river Charles. Among the last were Sir Richard 
 Saltonstall, and his friend and pastor, the Eev. George 
 Phillips. From this Phillips was descended the founder 
 of the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 
 This was a remarkable colony. Unlike the settlers 
 of Jamestown, they brought with them their wives and 
 children, their schools and churches ; and even while 
 their good ship " Arbella " was ploughing and plunging 
 through mid-ocean, they "taught and catechised." 
 Immediately after landing they pro\dded homes for 
 themselves and their ministers ; then they built the log- 
 church. Five years after they landed we learn that 
 they had " free schools." Here we see them progress- 
 ing towards The Phillips Exeter Academy. The next 
 year we read that the General Court of Massachu-
 
 4 TUE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 setts Bay "agreed to give £400 toward a school or 
 college." 
 
 A year later the College was ordered to be established 
 at " NewetoA\Tie," a name soon changed to Cambridge, 
 — the college town of George Phillips in dear Old 
 England. Observe how they strive to reproduce in the 
 New England the schools, the churches, the colleges, 
 the names even, that they enjoyed and loved in the 
 mother country. The next year the College received 
 the name and bequest of John Harvard. 
 
 In 1639 the first printing-press in America was set 
 up at Cambridge, and on it the first Bible ever trans- 
 lated into a heathen tongue by an Englishman was 
 printed. In 1647, just a hundred years before the 
 founder of this Academy gave up a professional for a 
 business life, it was ordered that every township of fifty 
 householders should appoint a teacher for its children. 
 Soon schools, open to all, were established in Eoxbury, 
 in Jamaica Plain, and in the adjoining hamlets. From 
 this time the colony grew, its schools multiplied, and 
 its influence extended. 
 
 In the early part of the next century, however, things 
 -received a check. Immigration stopped, and emigration 
 began. Learning suffered. To be sure, they had 
 grammar schools and a college ; but, if progress was to 
 be made, they must have a school to prepare their 
 young men for the college and to provide their schools 
 with teachers. They thought of England and their 
 school days at Harrow or Eton, and straightway set
 
 HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 5 
 
 up the Dummer Academy at Byfield. Here, again, we 
 trace the beginning of The Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 
 To this school, in 1765, comes a thoughtful, sober 
 boy, fonder of stories of the French and Indian wars 
 than of play ; slow to learn, but sure to remember ; one 
 destined to be alike the friend of education and of 
 Washington, — both a statesman and a patriot. To-day 
 we can look back to that boy, and truly give him the 
 honor of originating our American academy system. 
 
 In the third generation from George Phillips of 
 Watertown was Samuel Phillips, for sixty years pastor 
 of the Second Church at Andover. 
 
 His son Samuel received a liberal education, and, 
 making his home at North Andover, became a merchant 
 and filled many offices of honor. His son was Judge 
 Samuel Phillips, the boy of the Dummer Academy. 
 
 Let the lad who desires a grand model, who loves 
 the memory of the " boys of '7Q" the smell of powder, 
 and the virtues of our Puritan fathers, read the story 
 of this life, which has been told so well.^ 
 
 A lad named Eliphalet Pearson (when a child he 
 always said his name was " Elephant Pearson ") was 
 his friend and schoolmate. Together they roamed the 
 Byfield woods, roused the deer, chased the squirrels, 
 and, in addition, planned for the future. Leaving Har- 
 vard in 1771, at the age of nineteen, young Phillips 
 soon married, and his .home life forms one of the 
 sweetest and best pages in American history. 
 
 1 Memoir of Judge Phillips, by Eev. John L. Taylor,
 
 6 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 He plunged into the struggle for iudcpeudence, and 
 in the midst of revolution was one of the foremost of 
 the rebels. Now he is town clerk and treasurer, now 
 member of the Provincial Congress, now hiding the 
 valuables of Harvard College from the British soldiery, 
 — now here, now there, now everywhere. In answer to 
 Putnam's cry, " Ye gods, give us powder ! " he gallops 
 home, summons his neighbors, and, relating the facts, 
 says that on themselves the fate of the young nation 
 depends. Then in his coarse, rustic frock he sets 
 to work ; and the result is powder, followed by the 
 evacuation of Boston. 
 
 It has been said that his life was full of great pur- 
 poses. True. And now, although he himself has 
 but little fortune, and although he is the heir to his 
 father's wealth and that of his childless Uncle John, 
 of Exeter, still this generous youth unfolds to them 
 his plan for an academy, and urges them to endow 
 such a school \\\t\\ the wealth that would otherwise 
 descend to him. 
 
 This is the result of the " catechizing " on board the 
 " Arbella " ; this is the result of the college, the church, 
 and the printing-press ; this is the result of the plans 
 made in the woods of Byficld. 
 
 The father and uncle are wise, far-seeing men, both 
 graduates of Harvard College ; John Phillips himself 
 was formerly a preacher and schoolmaster. They 
 eagerly enter into the young man's plan, — a plan as 
 broad and Christian as it could well be made ; and the
 
 HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 7 
 
 result is the Phillips Academy at Andover. Projected 
 by young Phillips, the scheme was developed by his 
 friend Pearson ; and together these young men wrote 
 the constitution, signed by the joint founders, Samuel 
 and John Phillips, on the 21st of April, 1778. 
 
 To this John Phillips and his kindred, and the mo- 
 tives that led him to establish and endow the Academy 
 at Exeter, we shall devote an entire chapter. 
 
 We have thus reviewed the historical points which led 
 to the founding of the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 
 The act of incorporation ^ obtained by Dr. Phillips 
 was signed by the President of New Hampshire, as the 
 Governor was formerly called, on the 3d of April, 1781, 
 just six months, lacking one day, subsequent to the 
 incorporation of the Phillips Academy at Andover. It 
 is thus the oldest educational institution established 
 by the State legislature.^ 
 
 By this act,^ gentlemen selected by the founder were 
 appointed trustees of the fund, with full powers to 
 erect a building, appoint a Preceptor and instructors, 
 and to nominate their successors forever. He reserved 
 the right to preside over the Board of Trustees during 
 his own life, and to appoint his successor. It is mainly 
 through the wise plans of the founder, during these 
 years, that the school was so firmly and successfully 
 established. The first meeting of the Board of Trus- 
 
 ^ See Appendix. 
 
 2 Dartmouth College was established by royal grant in 1769. 
 
 3 For an analysis of this remarkable document, see the chapter on 
 Government.
 
 8 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 tees was held on December 18, 1781. The opening 
 of the school, however, was delayed by the difficulty the 
 Trustees experienced in obtaining land for the Academy 
 building. It was the same old story ; the most eligible 
 land was held at double its real value. Dr. Phillips 
 wrote several letters to his nephew on this subject. 
 Later he writes : — 
 
 Dkar Kinsman, — Having a favorable opportunity by 
 Mr. Thurston, I write, hoping he will more freely com- 
 municate matters respecting himself and the school here. 
 . . . The building is erected where the builders pleased; 
 and suppose one room may be furnished this month. But 
 whether it would be best to desire a gentleman so out of 
 health as Mr. Thurston really is to enter for so short a 
 time, or to wait till spring in order to procure an instruc- 
 tor who might be employed and settled to his own and 
 others' advantage, is the question. 
 
 Your sentiments herein would lay a fresh obligation 
 upon your loving uncle, 
 
 John Phillips. 
 
 This, then, was the building in which was heard the 
 first Latin lesson. Mr. Benjamin Thurston was named 
 as the first Preceptor,^ but he was not appointed to fill 
 that office on account of his uncertain health. 
 
 The school is said to have been opened on Thursday, 
 the 20th of February, 1 783, with a discourse by the Rev. 
 Da\'id McClure, A. M., pastor of the church at North 
 Hampton, and a Trustee of the Academy. On that 
 day Mr. Thurston, as temporary instructor, probably 
 
 1 See letter, Chapter V. p. 100.
 
 FIRST ACADEMY BUILDING. 
 
 
 SECOND ACADEMY BUILDING.
 
 HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 9 
 
 heard the first lesson ever recited in the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy. 
 
 The formal dedication of the building and the instal- 
 lation of William Woodbridge as the first Preceptor 
 did not take place until " two p. m." on Thursday, May 
 1, 1783. An oration on the "Advantages of Learning" 
 was delivered by the Rev. David McClure, after which 
 the Rev. Benjamin Thurston, a Trustee of the Academy, 
 addressed the Preceptor as follows : — 
 
 " You, sir, being invited by the honorable Founder of 
 this institution, with the universal aj^probfition of the 
 Board of Trustees, to take upon you, as Preceptor, the 
 charge of this Academy, and having accepted the invita- 
 tion, I, in behalf and in the name of the Board, in this 
 public manner welcome you to this literary function. 
 The business, sir, you are entering upon is arduous and 
 weighty; but, from your distinguished character, we 
 presume you will make it agreeable, honorable, and use- 
 ful: nothing, we trust, will be wanting to render it so 
 from the public, the end of this institution being the 
 general good of society. The citizens of this town, we 
 presume, will join their endeavors with their approbation 
 to facilitate your undertaking ; and you may, sir, at all 
 times, in the line of duty, depend on our confidence, ap- 
 probation, and support. The theatre before you is large, 
 the field of your instruction extending, as occasion re- 
 quires, to all those sciences and arts commonly taught in 
 academical institutions ; every state, town, and family 
 having equal right by the constitution to all the privi- 
 leges of the seminary, and none wanting encouragement 
 to apply for entrance who are suitably qualified for 
 admission. You will therefore, sir, make no discrimina-
 
 10 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 tioii iu favor of any particular state, towu, or family, on 
 account of parentage, age, wealth, sentiments of religion, 
 &c. The institution is founded on principles of the most 
 extensive liberality. The constitution and laws of the 
 institution you will adopt as your guide in the govern- 
 ment and instruction of the seminary, and in the exercise 
 of all those powers and rights vested in you by the con- 
 stitution, which I now present you; that is our warrant 
 in these public transactions, and your encouragement in 
 this soleum induction ; governing yourself in your public 
 capacity by that, without prejudice or fear, will recom- 
 mend you to the approbation and esteem of all good men, 
 and place you under the patronage of that God whose 
 blessing will crown your endeavors with success. The 
 time, sir, is at hand when you will actually enter on the 
 business of your apj^ointment ; the academical edifice 
 erected for that purpose in this place, and wholly devoted 
 to the public by some generous friends to literature, we 
 now commit to your immediate care and possession for 
 carrying into execution the design of this institution ; in 
 evidence of which, and as your warrant in taking posses- 
 sion, I now, sir, present you the keys. You will then 
 enter on the business of your appointment with assurance 
 of our affection and sincere friendship, as a token of 
 which I now give you my hand ; at the same time wish- 
 ing you a blessing from Ilim, in the improvement of your 
 gifts, who giveth to all their talents, with confident expec- 
 tation of seeing virtue and literature adding a crown to 
 your labors." 
 
 To which the Preceptor replied as follows : — 
 
 "Dear and Respected Sir, — The cordiality and 
 politeness of such a friendly welcome to this institution
 
 HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. H 
 
 merit a return of my sincere thanks. Decency and pro- 
 priety require that reply which tlie sensibility of a grate- 
 ful mind would dictate. Great, inexpressibly weighty, 
 are the duties of that important station to which I am 
 now invited ; and singular the exercise of that labor and 
 self-denial, of that wisdom and jjatience, absolutely neces- 
 sary to a faithful discharge. 
 
 " Without the assured expectation of aid from Heaven 
 and from you, nothing could induce me to accept the 
 charge ; but with full confidence of your fidelity and 
 honor to discharge the duties of your trust in granting 
 every necessary and proper support, both for maintenance 
 and authority, with raised expectations that the generous 
 founder will continue his smiles, that those gentlemen 
 whose generosity has furnished a building will yet be 
 friends, that the town which has so worthily promoted its 
 welfare by their influence with the General Court will 
 persevere in their endeavors to establish its reputation 
 and promote its usefulness, I am confident in my hopes 
 of its prosperity and success. 
 
 " With a due sense of the importance of the charge, 
 where minds are to be formed for immortality, and fur- 
 nished for the duties of a useful life ; with a becoming 
 sense of deficiency in that wisdom, those virtues and 
 accomplishments, that finish the character of a complete 
 instructor ; and with constant dependence upon the aid 
 of Providence (without which every attempt is vain), — 
 I would readily obey the providential call, and step forth 
 thus publicly to manifest my acceptance of it ; and, as I 
 would humbly hope, with solemn sincerity, to devote 
 myself to the service of this institution, and, being thus 
 supported, pledge my character and sacred honor con- 
 scientiously and faithfully to discharge the station while 
 Providence may continue me there.
 
 12 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 " Kindly aid me, O yc friends of virtue, of piety, and of 
 learning! ever support me by your friendship and your 
 candor ! 'T is the interest of yourselves and your chil- 
 dren, of society and virtue, that demands your aid. As 
 the speaker asks nothing for himself, unconnected with 
 this institution, he hopes his wishes may be granted. He 
 would modestly hope the interest of virtue and a useful 
 life were not among the least of his motives to forsake 
 his tender friends, bid adieu to the prospect of affluence 
 and the pleasing hopes of more leisure life. 
 
 " As Providence has determined my residence amonor 
 you, I hope to be excused if, upon this occasion, I deliver 
 my sentiments with unusual freedom ; and more especially 
 when I can sincerely add that I wish for your friendship 
 and support, that my labors may be beneficial to you, to 
 society, and to your sons. 
 
 " I congratulate myself upon the prospect of becoming 
 a friendly member of your societies, ardently wishing to 
 merit your approbation and friendship. 
 
 " I congratulate the honorable and benevolent Founder 
 of this institution upon the happy prospect of its proving 
 a valuable and extensive blessing to society while time 
 endures. May unborn thousands of this rising empire 
 meet him in glory, and hail him as the benefactor of piety 
 and virtue, while both pay their united adoration to Him 
 whose bounty bestowed the gift and whose goodness first 
 excited the generous purpose ! 
 
 " I congratulate this honorable Trust in the opportunity 
 they have to serve the interests of learning and virtue ; 
 and upon these singular motives now presented to jDerse- 
 vere in their endeavors to render this institution an 
 extensive blessing. Its success greatly, very greatly, 
 depends upon the liberality and fidelity with which they 
 discharge the trust.
 
 HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 13 
 
 " I congratulate you all, my affectionate friends, upon 
 the arrival of this happy day which opens the Exeter 
 Academy ; and at a time when e^-ery patriotic heart di- 
 lates with unusual joy at the delightful sound of peace. 
 
 " While the glories of this rising empire dawn upon us, 
 let us unitedly exert every effort to cherish the institu- 
 tions o{ knowledge, which is the stability of these glorious 
 times when the voice oi liberty -Andi peace is heard. 
 
 " So shall that science and virtue which have seated 
 America in the throne of empires, and made her revered 
 among the nations, be extensively spread to form the 
 minds and virtues of her illustrious sons. 
 
 " So shall they be formed for usefulness and famed for 
 wisdom, for virtue, and for glory. 
 
 " And so, my friends, shall we offer a grateful return 
 for the blessings we now enjoy, to the wonderful Coun- 
 sellor, the mighty God, the everlasting Father, and the 
 Prince of Peace." 
 
 A newspaper published the succeeding week con- 
 tained the following interesting account of these exer- 
 cises : — 
 
 " Thursday, the 1st instant, being appointed for the 
 dedication of the building for the use of the Phillips 
 Exeter Academy, in this town, and for the inaugui-ation 
 of the Preceptor, accordingly in the afternoon the hon- 
 orable Founder and Trustees, with many other gentlemen 
 and a respectable auditory, attended in one of the meet- 
 ing-houses in this town. The exercises began with sing- 
 ing ; a prayer succeeded, by the Rev. Mr. Rogers ; and 
 an oration on the 'Advantages of Learning and its Happy 
 Tendency to promote Virtue and Piety' was delivered by 
 the Rev. Mr. McCIuer, with an address to the Founder,
 
 14 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Trustees, and Preceptor. The inaugurating ceremonies 
 were performed by Mr. Thurston, a gentleman of the 
 Trust, with a particular address and a charge to the 
 Preceptor. Mr. Woodbridge, the Preceptor, publicly- 
 manifested his acceptance of the important charge, and 
 pronounced an affectionate address to the Trustees and 
 auditory. A prayer was made by the Rev, Mr. Mansfield, 
 and the whole was concluded by singing. Each part was 
 performed with propriety, and a solemnity suitable to the 
 occasion, — the whole to universal acceptance. 
 
 " Thus we behold with pleasing satisfaction the birth 
 of a new institution, founded on noble principles, for 
 promoting learning, virtue, and piety; and we have raised 
 expectations that this institution will speedily flourish." ^ 
 
 Having thus referred to the events which preceded 
 and led to the establishment of the Academy, and hav- 
 ing noticed at length the opening ceremony, it seems 
 proper, in discussing its subsequent history, to divide it 
 into periods corresponding to the respective administra- 
 tion of its four Principals. And we shall say more 
 about the men themselves than of the incidents of their 
 terms of ser\4ce, believing that the story of their lives 
 will present to our readers the most salient and pleasing 
 characteristics of the Academy's history. 
 
 1 New Hampshire Gazette, May 10, 1783.
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 
 
 The Lives and Administrations of William Wood- 
 bridge AND Benjamin Abbot. 
 
 FIRST PERIOD. — 1783-1788. 
 
 ^ITJILLIAM WOODBRIDGE, A. B., the first Priri- 
 cipal of the Phillips Exeter Academy, was the 
 son of Rev. Ashbel Woodbridge, a resident of Glasten- 
 bury, Connecticut. He received his education at Yale 
 College, under the learned and venerable President 
 Stiles. His labors at Exeter extended over a period of 
 but five years, at the end of which he was obliged to 
 resign on account of ill health. Afterwards, with his 
 sister, he kept a private school in IMedford, INIassachu- 
 setts, and preached at Jamaica Plain and other places. 
 His salary as Preceptor of the Academy was one hun- 
 dred pounds sterling per annum. The Trustees ac- 
 cepted his resignation, October 8, 1788. At the same 
 time they thanked him for his " faithful services and 
 unwearied exertions," and expressed the hope that, " in 
 whatever sphere he may hereafter move, his efforts 
 may be crowned with distinguished success." 
 
 Summanj. — While Mr. Woodbridge was Preceptor, 
 little progress was made, and at the date of his resig- 
 nation there were but two students in the classical 
 department of the Academy.
 
 16 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 SECOND PERIOD. — 1788-1838. 
 
 " He was a scholar, and a ripe and good one ; 
 Exceeding wise, fair-spoken, and persuading." 
 
 King Henkv VIII., Act IV. Sc. 2. 
 
 Benjamin Abbot, LL. D., was the second Principal 
 of the Phillips Exeter Academy, and with him was its 
 real beginning. He found a school "few in numbers 
 and backward in scholarship," but soon new students 
 could not be accommodated. The life he infused made 
 the Academy celebrated. 
 
 Most of the xibbots in America are descendants of 
 George Abbot, who, leaving Yorkshire County, England, 
 about the year 1640, became one of the first settlers of 
 Andover, Massachusetts. 
 
 His farm was literally carved from the then unbroken 
 forest, and the trees thus felled were used to build his 
 house, the garrison house of the settlement. This 
 ancestor is described as a man of heroic courage, who, 
 with his wife, endured with Christian fortitude the 
 many privations and hardships incident to a frontier 
 life. 
 
 The eldest son of each of the following five genera- 
 tions was born and died on this same farm. Each bore 
 the name of John. All were men of ability and sound 
 piety : all lived long, useful lives. The average of their 
 ages is nearly eighty-two years. Each of the first three 
 served the town many years as " selectman," and was a 
 deacon of the parish church. The fourth was an enter-
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 17 
 
 prising farmer, fond of reading, energetic, and of sound 
 judgment. He was constant in attendance upon divine 
 service, and had daily family worship. On Sunday 
 morning and evening the family sung a psalm or hymn 
 before prayers : this old custom of the Abbot family 
 was observed through many generations. The wife of 
 this John Abbot was a woman of discretion and abil- 
 ity, loved both for her Christian character and active 
 benevolence. Both parents appreciated a liberal educa- 
 tion, and consequently three of their sons received the 
 advantages of Harvard College. 
 
 John, the eldest, for fourteen years was a Professor, 
 and for twenty-four years was the Librarian, at Bow- 
 doin College. He was also Treasurer and Fellow of 
 the same College. After a life of great usefulness, he 
 retired to the old homestead, at Andover. This was 
 the property of his brother Ezra, who, like his ances- 
 tors, was a sturdy farmer. 
 
 Abiel Abbot, another son, was an assistant instructor 
 in the Phillips Exeter Academy ; he afterwards became 
 a successful preacher. 
 
 The third son was Benjamin Abbot, the subject of 
 this sketch. 
 
 Little is known of his boyhood, but one may easily 
 imagine that, having such parents, he grew up obedient, 
 trusty, and brave, fond of play, but sure first to perform 
 his allotted task. Indeed, one might almost have antici- 
 pated the future years, and, judging from his ancestors, 
 have delineated the character of the mature man. Xo
 
 18 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 one, however, could have assigned to him a life so full 
 of rare service, nor have imagined that he was to mould 
 the minds of so many who would later become great 
 men. 
 
 Young Abbot was working on his father's fami when 
 the Phillips Academy at Andover began its career ; but 
 he soon left the plough, and, although twenty-one years 
 of age, began the study of the Latin grammar. No 
 doubt, according to the method of that day, he repeated 
 the pages of his Latin grammar memoriter, and took 
 ten pages of Cheever's Accidence for a lesson. One of 
 his schoolmates at Andover was John T. Kirkland; 
 another was Josiah Quincy ; each of these aftei-wards 
 became President of Harvard College. 
 
 Mr. Quincy thus describes their teacher's method of 
 communicating knowledge : " I was called upon to give 
 the principal parts of the Latin verb noceo. Unfortu- 
 nately, I gave to the c a hard sound. I said, * nokeo, 
 nokere, nokui.' The next thing I knew /was knocked." 
 This reminds one of the story told of Dr. Johnson, who, 
 when asked how he came to have such an exact knowl- 
 edge of Latin, said, " My master whipped me very well. 
 Without £hat I should have done nothing." And all 
 the while this master was flogging his boys so unmerci- 
 fully he used to say, " And this I do to save you from 
 the gallows." Truly, this was a hard method of edu- 
 cation. 
 
 Mr. Abbot's teachers at this time were Eliphalet 
 Pearson and Jeremiah Smith. Lender them young
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 19 
 
 Abbot must have made rapid progress, for in 1788 
 he was graduated from Harvard with the Salutatory 
 Oration. He was at once engaged by the Trustees as 
 an instructor in the Phillips Exeter Academy, and 
 although not regularly chosen Preceptor until October 
 15, 1/90, yet he discharged the duties of that office 
 fi'om the first. 
 
 Under his guidance the school prospered. In six 
 years the little schoolhouse became too small, and a 
 new building was erected just in front of the present 
 structure. His salary, at first fixed at " one hundred 
 and thirty-three pounds six shillings and eightpence, 
 lawful money," was soon increased to one hundred and 
 fifty pounds, per annum. An assistant was then en- 
 gaged at about one half the Preceptor's salary, and, 
 August 23, 1803, the Trustees voted "that there be es- 
 tablished in the Academy a permanent instructor, to be 
 denominated the INIathcmatical Instructor," a title soon 
 changed to "Professor of Mathematics and Natural 
 Philosophy." This chair was first filled by Ebenezer 
 Adams. 
 
 Dr. Abbot proved a model teacher. He was a 
 scholar, and knew how to impart what he had learned. 
 His studies did not end with his graduation, but he 
 stepped into the procession, and marched on with the 
 age. He loved his work, and no calls from colleges or 
 other schools, although accompanied with offers of larger 
 salary, could tempt him to leave the school into which 
 he had determined to put the work of his whole life.
 
 20 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 His rare presence was fitted to command the respect of 
 his neighbors and the obedience and love of his pupils. 
 It has been said that "he never met the youngest 
 Academy scholar in the street without lifting his hat 
 entirely from his head, as in courteous recognition of an 
 equal ; and an abashed and awkward attempt to return 
 the compliment was the urchin's first lesson in good 
 manners and respect for his teacher." ^ 
 
 Look at him now, old men, who, as boys, saw him 
 so often ; look at him coming toward the old Academy ! 
 How grand he is, and how dignified ! His is a figure 
 fiit for the sculptor. Tall, broad-shouldered, and fine- 
 looking, his graceful movements render it impossible 
 for one soon to forget him. Sweetness and gentleness 
 beam from his very eyes. Now he lifts his hat to this 
 boy, and now to that, and now pats the four-year-old 
 upon the head. Xow he turns into the broad path 
 which leads through the long rows of seedy poplars to 
 the Academy. All play is instantly stopped, the foot- 
 ball is respectfully held, while each boy returns the 
 good man's salutation. 
 
 At times he would visit the newly established manu- 
 fectories of machinery, of hats and caps, and of car- 
 riages, and as he left, vr\i\ his well-remembered bow, 
 and his " Very creditable to the industry of the town," 
 the proprietors felt as though they had an approval 
 equal to a sale. 
 
 1 Prefatory notice, Catalogue of the Phillips Exeter Academy, 
 1783-1869.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 21 
 
 Thus he walked about the village, repelling none by 
 his dignity, but winning the esteem of every one by his 
 genuine kindness. Dr. Abbot met all kinds of boys; 
 and the spoiled child of fortune, the awkward son of 
 the farmer, and the proud heir of the rich West India 
 planter alike quaked under the ominous shake of that 
 long forefinger. He knew the "science of boys." He 
 showed this by seldom lecturing them on their behavior. 
 And what need, since they had a daily and instructive 
 lecture in his own admirable example of the true gentle- 
 man ? As has been well said, " the pupils of Dr. Abbot 
 got their ethics mainly by absorption." But when he 
 had occasion to censure, his reproof cut like a cimeter, 
 and when he rose up to judgment, he did not say, 
 " Please be good " ; he did not labor with the offender ; 
 he punished him. There was no quarrel, no discussion. 
 The boy heard his sentence and took his punishment. 
 There was no thought of resistance or escape from Dr. 
 Abbot's decree. 
 
 "In the process of discipline for a specific offence, the 
 culprit was treated as having forfeited all respect. But 
 the discipline once finished, there were no lingering 
 revenges, no remembrance of sins. After the thunder, 
 came the smile of Jupiter through the clouds." ^ 
 
 Judge H. C. Whitman, of Cincinnati, once told a 
 story that illustrates this point. He said : — 
 
 " One day, at the close of school, the Doctor called 
 me to the desk, and said, ' Come to ray house to-morrow 
 
 1 Letter of John B. L. Soule to writer, Dec. 29, 1882.
 
 22 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 morning at ciglit o'clock.' The stern tone left no doubt 
 in my mind as to the nature of the summons. At the 
 hour appointed, I promptly reported myself by rapping 
 loudly on the front door with the great iron knocker. 
 With equal promptness the door was opened an inch 
 or two, and I was met with the stern command, ' Go 
 round to the back door, sir!' To the back door I 
 Avent; and, after an interview in the library, the Doc- 
 tor, with his usual 2^oUteness, bowed me out of the 
 front door." 
 
 One of the old students relates the following : — 
 
 " One day I was arranging an elaborate plaything be- 
 hind my book. I felt sure that the Doctor, who was 
 walking back and forth across the room, bad taken no 
 notice of my waste of time. Suddenly, however, he 
 stopped, and began to snap my forehead with his long 
 forefinger, and I assure you he did not pause until I 
 cried aloud for mercy." 
 
 Usually, however, the Doctor's rebukes were of the 
 mildest nature. This is illustrated by the following 
 incident. 
 
 One winter night there was a heavy fall of snow, 
 followed by rain and a sharp frost. This made the 
 walking somewhat difficult, and several of the boys did 
 not appear the next day. When one of the absentees, 
 Avho lived but a short distance away, came the follow- 
 ing morning, the Doctor said to him, " You were not 
 at school yesterday?" "No, sir." "Why not?" 
 " Could not get here, sir," said the shrinking youth, who 
 now felt that he had committed a deadly sin. The
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 23 
 
 Doctor knew how near to the school the boy lived, and, 
 turning to young Lyfoid, who had been present the day 
 before, said, " Lyford, how far from here do you live ? " 
 " Rather more than a mile, sir." Nothing more was 
 said, but as the boy took his seat he resolved that no 
 storm should keep him from Dr. Abbot's school in the 
 future. 
 
 It was a common remark among the boys that it was 
 a shame to deceive Dr. Abbot, or to tell him a lie, and 
 the boy who did always felt guilty and shamefaced. 
 
 " Dr. Abbot, in his intercourse with pupils, never 
 laughed. He seldom smiled. But we often noticed 
 flashes of electric hmnor, like ' heat-lightning,' playing 
 around the corners of his mouth. I shall never forget 
 the struggles of his countenance to suppress a threat- 
 ening merriment, when a big-headed Newburyport boy, 
 famous for his volubility and fondness for large words, 
 translated mscius .yE/ieas 'the unsophisticated ^neas.' 
 With a comical expression, and a rapid glance at each 
 face in the class, the Doctor instantly sobered, saying, 
 ' How 's that, sir ? how 's that ?'" 
 
 The above we have from a former pupil of Dr. Abbot,^ 
 who also says : — 
 
 " I never but once heard from him anything approach- 
 ing a joke. Our written exercises in Latin he examined, 
 not by classes, but individually. In preparing mine, one 
 day, I was very desirous of using a certain word, but was 
 rather doubtful of its classical purity. So I hunted up, 
 in various authors, instances of its use that seemed to 
 
 1 J. B. L. Soule, D. D., Th. D.
 
 24 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 ■vvavrant mine, and marched to liis desk, fortified with an 
 arrnful of books, still half convinced that I was wrong. 
 With a quill pen in readiness, he ran his eye along the 
 lines till it caught the intrusive word, and, dashing a blot 
 under it, he looked up for explanation. With a faint 
 heart, but ready to retreat by a substituted word, I opened 
 upon him my battery of authorities. He listened so 
 calmly and patiently to my argument, I began to hope for 
 victory ; when he raised his spectacles to the top of his 
 head, and, with a gentle wave of his hand, said, ' Catch 
 an old bird with chaff! ' " 
 
 The same gentleman further says : — 
 
 " At one time I was appointed as chairman of a band 
 of six 'inspectors,' whose duty it was to notice and re- 
 port infraction of rules, among which was a rule against 
 smoking. After receiving instructions, and being in 
 doubt as to the extent of the smoking rule, I was de- 
 puted to return and inquire if it applied to the Acad- 
 emy premises only, or was to be observed everywhere. 
 ' What,' said he, ' would you confine virtue to the Acad- 
 emy yard ? ' " 
 
 Dr. Abbot was proud of the Academy, and never 
 liked to hear it spoken of with disparagement ; his 
 ideas of the propriety and dignity of things did not 
 permit this. A lad, afterwards well known as a brave 
 and skilful navigator, was one day leaving the school- 
 room with the other boys of his section, when the 
 Doctor, beckoning, called him to the desk. 
 
 There he stood, his knees trembling more than they 
 ever did Avhen, later, he paced the quarter-deck. In
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 25 
 
 his most urbane tone the Doctor said, " I understand 
 that you have been speaking disrespectfully of the 
 Academy." " Xo, sir, I have n't." " But I am credi- 
 bly informed that such is the case." Chad wick hung 
 his head, and, with flushed face, said in a faint voice, 
 " I only called it a schoolhouse, sir." The Doctor, 
 bowing, said, " Remember that in the future it is 
 not a schoolhouse, but an Academy." 
 
 A summary of the characteristics of this great man 
 from one who knew him during his last and best years, 
 will give our readers an impression impossible for us to 
 create. He wTites : — 
 
 " Dr. Abbot, in his time, was foremost among scholars, 
 as he was a primate among teachers. His high position in 
 college was but the foundation on which he was reaving a 
 superstructure, story after story, all his life. He knew 
 that, among regal minds, progress is the supreme law ; 
 and he was not content to sit by the roadside, a wonder- 
 ing spectator, while the grand procession moved on. He 
 did not, like some men, merely mark time, but he fell 
 into line and marched. New books and new educational 
 systems did not come and go without his knowledge. 
 By his request, his brother-in-law, James Perkins, Esq., 
 who visited Europe in 1802, examined the metliods of 
 instruction in Eton and other prominent schools in 
 England, and transmitted the fruits of his observations 
 to him. He made the Academy the centre of his efforts 
 and his thoughts. Everything else he compelled to pay 
 tribute to this. Invitations to the Boston Latin School 
 and to other positions, though offering larger rewards for 
 less labor, he resolutely declined. Prevented by his con-
 
 26 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 tinuous duties from seeing mucli of the great world, he 
 was nevertheless emphatically a live man. His mind 
 was a fountain, not a reservoir. His knowledge came 
 gushing up from the overflowing depths of his own being; 
 it was not drawn up with rope and bucket from the moss- 
 grown wells of antiquity alone. He breathed his own 
 spirit into the worn text-books of the recitation-room, 
 and the mystic page glowed with his inspiration. The 
 Latin of Cicero and Horace, his favorite authors, when 
 pronounced by him, seemed instinct with new life and 
 meaning. The denunciations against Catiline sounded 
 to his electrified pupils as terrific as when they were first 
 uttered in the old Roman senate-chamber; while the 
 rhythm of the Carmen Swculare was as musical as when, 
 two thousand years ago, it won the ' friendly ear ' of 
 Diana. He was a scholar of breadth as well as depth, 
 knowing something more than the mere routine of 
 daily study. Modern literature, politics, and theology, 
 as well as the ancient classics, found a place in the circle 
 of his reading. Few men were so deeply versed as he in 
 that most abstruse of all studies, the human nature of 
 hoys. He had striven to obey the precept emblazoned 
 on the Delphic temple; and, as a natural consequence 
 of his self-knowledge, he had an intuitive ])ereeption of 
 the modes of thought and springs of action. He had 
 the faculty of making his classes believe that the par- 
 ticular subject on which they were engaged was the 
 most important and attractive branch of study in the 
 world. They caught fire from him, and teacher and pupils 
 alike glowed with the same enthusiasm. He knew how 
 to put himself in communication with youthful minds. 
 Age did not make him morose ; but he was always fresh 
 in his feelings and sympathies, and his heart was young
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 27 
 
 to the last in all its pulsations. It is fitting to add, that 
 the light of a Christian faith irradiated all his intel- 
 lectual attainments, giving them a brighter lustre, just 
 as a lamp in an alabaster vase bi'ings out into bolder 
 relief and clearer expression the beautiful figures sculp- 
 tured upon it." ^ 
 
 His successor, Dr. Soule, spoke of him as " the 
 second founder of the institution, not scriptis Icgi- 
 hus, but by the wisdom and consistency of his gov- 
 ernment. His dignity was unsurpassed ; but it was 
 always adorned and rendered attractive by his sweet 
 affability. He was always a gentleman, even to the 
 youngest of his pupils, inspiring them with high-mind- 
 edness and courage to do right. Indeed, the whole 
 history of his connection with the Academy is a com- 
 ment on the necessity of good manners, not only for the 
 proper government of the school, but for the best 
 development and culture of the youthful mind." ^ 
 
 THE ABBOT FESTIVAL. 
 
 In 1838, when Dr. Abbot had completed a term of 
 fifty years' service, and had passed beyond the allotted 
 threescore years and ten, he resigned his position as 
 Principal, to take effect the twenty-third of the fol- 
 lowing August. Arrangements were immediately made 
 for a reunion, on that day, of his old pupils. It was 
 
 1 J. G. Hoyt, LL. D., in North American Review, July, 1858. 
 
 2 Letter of G. L. Soule, LL.D., to Dr. A. V. Peabody, D.D., 
 June, 1872.
 
 28 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 meant to be a day when old friends might renew the 
 sacred tie of friendship, and again sit at the feet of 
 their beloved master. 
 
 The morning's sun was still in the horizon when the 
 guests began to assemble. It was, as you will remem- 
 ber, two years before the staid and sober Boston and 
 Maine Railroad reached Exeter, and on this morning 
 the streets were noisy with the rattle of the stage- 
 coaches and the crack of the drivers' whips as they 
 urged on their steaming horses. At the Swamscot all 
 was bustle and confusion, and the stable-yard presented 
 as animated a picture as ever did the courtyard of the 
 old and famous White Horse Inn at Edinburgh. The 
 streets were thronged with people. 
 
 Soon it was found that no building in the village 
 would contain the gathering crowd, and a hasty arrange- 
 ment was made by extending an awning from the 
 piazza of the east wing of the Academy. The ladies 
 took possession of the English room, corresponding to 
 room number three of the present building, and the vast 
 audience, seated on benches and chairs, extended to the 
 street. Mr. Saltonstall, of Salem, Massachusetts, called 
 the meeting to order, and then Daniel Webster, as Pres- 
 ident of the Day, took the chair. After the invocation 
 of the Divine blessing, by Dr. John G. Palfrey, a brief 
 business meeting was held, in which the President read 
 the letters of Lewis Cass, Dr. Dana, and others, regret- 
 ting their inability to be present. This was immediately 
 followed by the speeches of Leverett Saltonstall, Ed-
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 29 
 
 ward Everett, Dr. Henry Ware, Jr., Jonathan Chapman, 
 Judge Thacher, Dr. John G. Palfrey, and many others, 
 whose names add lustre to the fame of the Academy 
 and do honor to Dr. Abbot; after which the alumni 
 adjourned to the Academy Hall, and spent a happy 
 hour with their former teacher. At half past one a 
 procession was formed by C^hief Marshal Nathaniel 
 Oilman, Jr., and his aids, and then, headed by a band 
 of music, the company proceeded to the vestry of the 
 First Congregational Church, where over three hundred 
 persons sat down to a dinner, prepared by Major Blake, 
 of the Swamscot. An eloquent speech by Daniel 
 Webster, who presided, followed the dinner. He 
 alluded to the annals of the school, then to the nature 
 of boys, and to the methods of teaching them. " Boys," 
 he remarked, " must be taught to feel, as well as to act 
 well. To expect pupils to be free from feelings of 
 emulation, in boyhood and youth, is as unnatural as 
 to expect to find them ^vith bald heads and beards." 
 He then addressed more particularly the venerable 
 Preceptor. 
 
 " You see around you, sir, pupils who have been 
 instructed by you. We have come together to-day, to 
 offer you the tributes of our hearts. We have all been 
 here, sir, at different years, — we have all, sir, been called 
 up to your chair to be examined in our various studies. 
 We remember, sir, when we were brought here by our 
 parents. We remember well the kind looks with which 
 you received us. 
 
 "You governed us, sir, by a steady and even temper,
 
 30 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 but you governed us Avith that kindness which won our 
 hearts. 
 
 "We have here, sir, formed a little republic; we have 
 had a public opinion ; but, sir, there never was yet an 
 Exeter boy who could obtain respect or countenance by 
 setting himself up against your will. 
 
 "We do not regret, sir, that you have arrived at that 
 age Avhen you must retire from your trust. You, no 
 doubt, have desired it, and be assured, sir, that we have 
 prayed for it ; for you have all that makes old age desira- 
 ble, tlie reveience and respect of all around you. 
 
 " And now, sir, I present you with this token ^ of our 
 remembrance. We gi-eet you with the best feelings, 
 and Avith hearts full of hope for your welfare and hap- 
 piness." 
 
 A reply, full of emotion, by Dr. Abbot, was followed 
 by toasts, songs, ^ and other speeches. 
 
 Mr. Webster offered as a toast, " Good health and 
 long life to Preceptor Abbot," which, as may well be 
 supposed, was received with loud and continued ap- 
 plause. 
 
 Alexander H. Everett, at the close of an eloquent 
 speech, proposed as a sentiment, " Our venerable friend 
 and his works." 
 
 One of the most impressive of the after-dinner 
 speeches was that of the aged Jeremiah Smith. This 
 white-haired man arose and claimed a distinction which, 
 he said, " could belong to no other man living. You 
 
 ^ A massive silver vase. '^ See Appendix.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 31 
 
 were his scholars, I was his teacher. It was little that 
 I had to impart, but that little was most cheerfully 
 given. I well remember the promise he then gave ; 
 and Providence has been kind in placing him in just 
 that position where his life coidd be most usefully and 
 honorably spent." 
 
 A letter from Josiali Quincy, President of Harvard 
 University, was read. In concluding, he offered the fol- 
 lowing toast : " The Abbot Festival, at wliich Har- 
 vard rejoices with the joy of a mother over the success 
 and honor of a favorite son." 
 
 Among the other speakers were Judge Emery, Dr. 
 Oilman of York, Mr. Page of New Bedford, Prentiss 
 Mellen, John P. Hale, the Hon. Edward Everett, Dr. 
 Charles Burroughs, and Caleb Cushing. 
 
 Two of the most notable speeches were those of 
 Jonathan Chapman, Mayor of Boston, and Dr. Palfrey 
 of Cambridge. Mr. Chapman spoke, in an eloquent 
 vein, of the old Academy, — how, since his day, it had 
 been enlarged by the addition of wings, — and closed 
 wdth this sentiment: "The Old Academy, — although 
 she has taken wings, thank Ood she has not flown 
 away ! " 
 
 Dr. Palfrey told how he had spent the afternoon be- 
 fore in endeavoring to find Cuifcy and Dinah, two old 
 darkies who used to sell cake and ale to the boys. He 
 said he had found the spot, the remains of the house ; 
 but, alas ! Cuffey and Dinah were no more. He said 
 that he had called at a house near by, had regaled him-
 
 32 TUE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 self upon cake and ale, in memory of the aged couple 
 and he recommended these people to the boys of to-day 
 as worthy successors to CufFey and Dinah. 
 
 The speakers' minds, throughout the whole day, 
 seemed full of the most vivid recollections of their 
 school days, and their tongues spoke with a simplicity 
 which was eloquence itself. They spoke of the trees 
 they had planted, of the streams on whose banks they 
 had wandered and on whose bosoms they had sailed, 
 of the hills they had climbed, and of the groves in 
 whose shade they had delighted to wander ; of Jada 
 Hill, the String Bridge, the Governor's Farm, the Old 
 Powder-House ; of their sports and games, foot-ball 
 and bat-ball, marbles, hop-scotch, and hare-and-hounds ; 
 of the rooms they had occupied, and of the families 
 they remembered so well. 
 
 One of the most pleasing events of the day was the 
 presentation of the portrait of Dr. Abbot, which had 
 been secured for the occasion, to the Academy. 
 
 Besides this, and the vase already refeiTcd to, the 
 sum of two thousand dollars was subscribed for the 
 establishment of the Abbot Scholarship at Cam- 
 bridge. This has now an income of one hundred and 
 twenty dollars, which is paid to such needy undergrad- 
 uate as may be selected by the College Faculty for 
 scholarship and good character ; the descendants and 
 other relatives of Dr. Abbot, and the best scholars from 
 the Phillips Exeter Academy, are preferred, in the order 
 named.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 33 
 
 Wlien at length the venerable teacher was about to 
 retire from the room, the entire company rose, as they 
 did of old when he retired from the school-room, and 
 cheer after cheer made the arches of the old church 
 ring as they had never done before. 
 
 Inquiry vras soon made for Mr. Soulc, the newly- 
 elected successor to Dr. Abbot, and he was forced 
 to his feet by loud calls and hearty applause. In 
 a happy but modest address, he expressed the diffi- 
 dence he should feel in assuming the duties and the 
 position of Dr. Abbot, whose place, he said, " I can 
 never fill." 
 
 Thus ended the Abbot Festival, the most notable 
 occasion in the history of the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 With the fading of the evening sun, the company reluc- 
 tantly departed. 
 
 A contemporary, writing of the occasion, says : — 
 
 " Latin and Greek were as common, if not so well 
 understood, as ' household words.' Poetry became almost 
 our 'mother tongue,' and common, every-day prose was 
 as little accounted of as silver in the days of Solomon. 
 All was harmony, all was poetry. But what most distin- 
 guished the Festival was this : it was a festival of the 
 heart. The intellect was feasted, but the heart rioted in 
 the fulness of its joyH'' ^ 
 
 Dr. Abbot lived more than ten years after this semi- 
 centennial celebration, surrounded by loving fi'iends 
 and kindly remembered by grateful pupils, whose 
 
 1 Exeler News Letter, Aug. 28, 1838. 
 3
 
 34 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 "kindly visits made many a green spot in the winter 
 scenery of liis life." His was the 
 
 " Old age serene and bright, 
 And lovely as a Lapland night," 
 
 which comes to but few. On October 25, 1849, at the 
 age of eighty-seven, he "fell asleep." The angel Death 
 gently closed his eyes only to re-open them in a land 
 fitted for such Christian scholars as was Dr. Abbot. 
 
 Dr. Abbot was twice married. His first wife, Han- 
 nah Tracy Emery, whom he married in 1791, died at 
 the early age of twenty-two, exactly four months after 
 the birth of John Emery Abbot, their only child. ^ 
 
 In May, 1798, ^Nlr. ^Vbbot married Mary, daughter of 
 James and Elizabeth (Peck) Perkins, of Boston. She 
 proved a worthy companion, and the mamage was 
 eminently happy. Two children blessed this union, 
 Elizabeth Perkins Abbot,^ and Charles Benjamin 
 Abbot.3 
 
 1 This son, born August 6, 1793, became a j'oung man of much 
 promise, and his death at the age of twenty-six was a severe blow to 
 the fond hopes of his loving father. Graduating from Bowdoin 
 College in 1810, he applied himself to the study of theology, and 
 succeeded Dr. Barnard at the North Church, Salem, Mass., where his 
 abilities were quickly recognized and his manly Christian character 
 highly esteemed. He was much admired as a preacher, and a volume 
 of his sermons, prefiiced b)' a brief memoir of his life by Dr. Henry 
 Ware, Jr., has been published. 
 
 2 Elizabeth P. Abbot, b. Nov. 14, 1801 ; m. 1826, David W. Gorham, 
 M.D., of Exeter; d. Aug. 10, 1873; children, William Henry, Mary 
 Abbot, and Emma Forbes. 
 
 3 Charles B. Abbot, b. Jan. 19, 180-5; m. Harriet Thurston (daugh- 
 ter of Rev. Benjamin Thurston); d. Bangor, Me., March 8, 1874; 
 only child, Francis Pcabody.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 35 
 
 This wife, surviving him, was for many years " a 
 cherished remembrancer of the past." She died in 
 1863, at the advanced age of ninety-three years, nine 
 months. 
 
 Dr. Abbot's grave may be found in the new cemetery 
 at Exeter, near the tomb of his friend, the " Founder." 
 The simple inscription, from the classic pen of Nathan- 
 iel A. Haven, sums up the life work of America's Dr. 
 Arnold as follows : — 
 
 BENJAMm ABBOT, LL. D. 
 
 Born 
 
 September 17, 1762, 
 
 Died 
 October 25, 1849, 
 
 Aged 87 years. 
 
 Ai^pointed by the 
 
 Founder and 
 
 For fifty years 
 
 Principal 
 
 of 
 
 PHILLIPS EXETER 
 
 ACADEMY. 
 
 
 
 Boys and gray-haired men, new and " old scholars " 
 of Exeter, let not his grave be neglected. Go to it 
 as to that of a hero ; care for it as for that of a noble- 
 man ; venerate it as that of a saint. Above all, remem- 
 ber the life and work of Dr. Abbot. 
 
 Summary. — The administration of Benjamin Abbot 
 was eminently successful. At the time he assumed 
 the management of the Academy, the membership had 
 been reduced to thirteen or fourteen new students a
 
 36 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 year, but during the following decade the average 
 exceeded forty-one. This was uniformly maintained. 
 
 During his principalship, a new academy building 
 was erected, and later enlarged ; the Golden Branch 
 Society was founded, and a high standard of scholarship 
 was established and maintained. 
 
 Dr. Abbot gathered about him instructors as inter- 
 ested in tlie work of education as himself. A large 
 proportion of these were men of unusual ability, — 
 men who have since become justly eminent. Among 
 them were Hosea Hildreth, John P. Cleveland, Fran- 
 cis Bowen, Daniel Dana, Peter O. Thacher, Nicholas 
 Emery, Joseph S. Buckminster, Ashur Ware, Nathan 
 Hale, Alexander Hill Everett, Henry Ware, Jr., Nathan 
 Lord, Alpheus S. Packard, and James AValker. 
 
 Among his pupils he numbered such men as Lewis 
 Cass, Joseph Stevens Buckminster, Daniel Webster, 
 Leverett Saltonstall, John Langdon Sibley, Jeffries 
 Wyman, Nathaniel A. Haven, Joseph G. Cogswell, 
 Theodore Lyman, Edward Everett, the twin Peabodys, 
 John A. Dix, John G. Palfrey, Jared Sparks, George 
 Bancroft, Jonathan Chapman, and Ephraim Peabody.
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 
 
 Gideon Lane Soule : nis Life and Service. — Admin- 
 istration OF Albert Cornelius Perkins. 
 
 THIRD PERIOD. — 1838-1873. 
 
 " It has been said that he is a public benefactor who makes one 
 blade of grass grow where it did not grow before. How much 
 greater the benefactor who makes a scholar ! " — Charles Somner, 
 in a letter to President Quincy, Feb. 12, 1811. 
 
 T^OCTOR ABBOT was fortunate in surrounding 
 "^^^ himself with able instructors. In the early years 
 of his administration he had always about him some 
 young man, fresh from college, who came to teach for 
 a year at Exeter just before entering upon the study of 
 his chosen profession. Many of these afterwards be- 
 came distinguished as jurists, clergymen, historians, etc. 
 No name in this long and brilliant list is to-day more 
 respected and venerated than that of Gideon Lane 
 Soule, the third Principal of the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy. He came of good old Puritan stock, and 
 his ancestors were noted for their upright dealings and 
 their intelligence. 
 
 George Soule, who came to this country in the " May- 
 flower," was a devoted friend of Miles Standish,^ and 
 one of the most efficient men of the Colony. 
 
 ^ Harpa-'s Magazine : " Standish House in Duxbury."
 
 38 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 His eldest son, John, and his grandson, Moses, were 
 prominent citizens of Duxbury, Massachusetts. Barna- 
 bas, the son of the latter, who moved to North Yar- 
 mouth, Maine, was a devoted Christian. He married ^ 
 the great-granddaughter of that noted divine, John 
 Wheelwright, founder of the town of Exeter. 
 
 JMoses, the son, and Moses, the grandson of Barnabas, 
 were both deacons of the parish church in Freeport, 
 Maine. The latter, the father of Gideon Lane Soule, 
 is described as a tall, strong, fine-looking man, whose 
 commanding person and dignified bearing are still well 
 remembered. In his domestic relations he Avas most 
 happy. He was a calker by trade, and tradition re- 
 ports him to have been a leader among men of his craft. 
 You will remember that the shores of Maine were busy 
 shipyards in those days ; and although he loved and 
 cultivated his acres, yet he often worked among the 
 " columns of smoke " which 
 
 " Rose from the boiling, bubbling, seething 
 Caldron, that glowed 
 And overflowed 
 With the black tar, heated for the sheathing " 
 
 of the vessel's lofty sides. 
 
 He was also somewhat of a scholar, and during the 
 winter months often taught school in the neighboring 
 villages. IMuch interested in military aflfairs, in early 
 life he served as first lieutenant of artillery in the 
 militia, while later he was frequently one of the select- 
 
 ^ The Soule Family, page 10.
 
 BIOGRAPEICAL AND HISTORICAL. 39 
 
 men in his native town. Although somewhat diffident, 
 leadership seems to have been his most prominent char- 
 acteristic ; this his sons inherited in a marked degree. 
 
 His proximity to Brunswick — only six miles away — 
 enabled him the more easily to give to these sons the 
 best educational advantages. In the catalogue of the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy, as well as that of Bowdoin 
 College, one may find the names of the four brothers, 
 Charles, Gideon, INloses, and John. Of these, Charles 
 Soule spent a long life in the good work, and is aifec- 
 tionately referred to as a gifted and beloved pastor ; 
 ISIoses Soule, and John Babson Lane Soule, now living 
 in the AYest, have given their most active years to jour- 
 nalism and teaching, and are noted scholars ; Gideon 
 Lane Soule, the subject of this sketch, was one of the 
 best known and most successful schoolmasters that 
 America has ever produced. 
 
 Born in Freeport, Maine, July 25, 1706, he spent his 
 earliest years on his father's farm, almost within sound 
 of the great ocean which beats upon the rocky shores of 
 Maine. "Pleasant Hill Farm," his birthplace, is skirted 
 by the old stage road, which, at that time, connected the 
 mercantile towns of Boston and Portland with the col- 
 lege toAvn of Brunswick, and the long line of sea-coast 
 which lay beyond. To-day the stage-coach, drawn by 
 the powerful steam horse of the JMaine Central Rail- 
 road, rushes along the brook which, with dark, unruffled 
 surface, quietly winds through a dense growth of alder 
 bushes.
 
 40 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 These alders form a background for the beautiful 
 meadows which extend, like a vast green lawn, from the 
 quaint old farmhouse above. The place now belongs 
 to Dr. Soule's favorite nephew,^ and, owing to his loving 
 care, the old house is in an excellent state of preserva- 
 tion. Within its hospitable walls several rooms are 
 arranged as in the days of Deacon Moses Soule. The 
 panelled room, used only on rare occasions, is still hung 
 with the family portraits, and furnished with the old 
 fittings. Here, as in the other rooms, there is a spacious 
 fireplace, built in a huge chimney which fills the whole 
 centre of the house. 
 
 On these hearths bright fires are kept ablaze through- 
 out the fall, winter, and spring, as in the old days, and 
 by the ruddy glow of the flames the visitor may dis- 
 cover many a relic, among them a picture of the Acad- 
 emy at Exeter, where Dr. Soule spent the greater part 
 of his life. 
 
 The household of Deacon Soule must have formed a 
 happy family circle, for in it was all that is conducive to 
 happiness, — a noble Christian father, a tender mother, 
 brave, obedient children, peace, contentment, and pros- 
 perity. 
 
 Gideon Lane Soule, who in the family was always 
 called " Lane," — his mother's maiden name, — Avas the 
 second of eleven children. Young Soule was bright 
 and active, but not over-strong, and to his fondness for 
 play, which kept him much out of doors, perhaps may 
 
 1 Robert F. Pennell, A. B.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 41 
 
 be attributed his strength and health in later years. 
 During his early youth he is said to have been slender, 
 lithe, and frail, but at the same time full of activity, and 
 of hard muscle. Heavier boys grappling with him in 
 the ring, formed for a friendly contest, were not always 
 sure of the advantage. 
 
 In school he was quick of apprehension, studious, and 
 obedient. These qualities gave him easy pre-eminence 
 in scholarship. Thus the first scholar was also the best 
 wrestler. His mates loved to make him their leader, 
 and with him roam the woods and neighboring shores. 
 In throwing stones he excelled both in range and in 
 accuracy. In the winter, when squadrons were mar- 
 shalled for snowballing, he could not always join in 
 the play, both sides stipulating that Lane Soule 
 should not fight against them. We have heard this 
 anecdote : — 
 
 One day a large, coarse fellow was harassing a squad 
 of young boys returning from school by shouting and 
 throwing snowballs at them from the rear. Lane, 
 scooping a little wet snow, and forming it into an ice- 
 ball, unexpectedly wheeled and threw it at their pursuer. 
 We can assure you that the noise of the bully was sud- 
 denly and effectively stopped : for, looking over their 
 shoulders, they saw him clawing furiously at his face, 
 and, taking in the situation at a glance, ran back and 
 cut the ball out of his mouth with a jackknife. 
 
 Mr. Soule was of a nervous temperament, and very 
 sensitive to changes in the atmosphere. If he was
 
 42 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 working in the hay-field with the other boys, as soon as 
 a storm cloud appeared in the west, and the nmtterings 
 of distant thunder were heard, he was at once excused 
 from work, and, trembling and half exhausted, made 
 his way to the house. 
 
 In his early youth his opportunities for obtaining an 
 education were limited. Until he was seventeen, he 
 was able to attend the district school only a small por- 
 tion of the year ; the rest of the time he worked on his 
 father's farm. In his seventeenth year he began his 
 classical studies under the Rev. Reuben Nason (Harv. 
 1802), his minister, and a man of superior scholarship 
 for that day. 
 
 In 1813 Mr. Soule entered the Phillips Exeter Acad- 
 emy. Here he remained two years, having for instruc- 
 tors such men as James Walker, who afterwards became 
 President of Harvard College, and the saintly Henry 
 Ware, Jr. Under Hosea Hildreth, that strong, noble- 
 minded Christian, he became a lover of the exact sci- 
 ences, while with Dr. Abbot as instructor he made 
 rapid strides in the study of the ancient languages. 
 
 In September, 1815, Mr. Soule entered the Sopho- 
 more class at Bowdoin College. His preparation at 
 Exeter had been so thorough that at Brunswick he 
 became at once distinguished for the high rank which 
 he maintained. Of his superior scholarship, Professor 
 A. S. Packard, of Bowdoin College, who became ac- 
 q\iainted with him at that time, and who boarded at 
 the same table with him during the two years they
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 43 
 
 were together in college, bears the following honorable 
 testimony. " In the classics/' writes this venerable 
 librarian, " Mr. Soule had no superior in his class, the 
 largest and ablest of that day." 
 
 By his classmates he was respected for his excellent 
 character, and loved for his strong friendship. His was 
 a nature to make friends, and he had for his companions 
 the first men in his class. 
 
 In 1818 Mr. Soule was graduated from college. 
 Although not the first in his class, the " Intermediate 
 Latin " was assigned to him at Commencement ; this 
 indicated that he had made a special study of the Latin 
 language, and that in it he had ranked well. He at 
 once became an assistant instructor in the Phillips Ex- 
 eter Academy, under Dr. Benjamin Abbot, but, ac- 
 cording to the custom of those days, remained but 
 one year. 
 
 In 1819 Mr. Soule entered the Andover Theological 
 Seminary, but shortly after left to take charge of a pri- 
 vate school in Amherst, New Hampshire. Later we 
 find him, for a few months, again at Brunswick, reading, 
 attending lectures, and rooming with his old friend, 
 Alpheus Packard, at that time a tutor in the College. 
 His reading here was of a miscellaneous character, but 
 he made a special study of the Greek language, in order 
 that he might be better fitted for the position which, 
 induced by the earnest and repeated solicitations of 
 Dr. Abbot, the counsel of President Appleton, and the 
 advice of his father, he had finally decided to accept.
 
 44 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 In 1822 Mr. Soule was appointed Professor of 
 Ancient Languages in the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 Although at the outset his modesty caused him to fear 
 that he was not equal to the requirements of this posi- 
 tion, yet he soon attained a high rank, both as a teacher 
 and as a disciplinarian. The ability he displayed as a 
 disciplinarian, and the success that crowned his efforts 
 as a teacher, made it only a matter of course that, upon 
 the resignation of Dr. Abbot, he should be elevated to 
 the more responsible station which had been so digni- 
 fied by his eminent predecessor. 
 
 Thus, August 22, 1838, Mr. Soule became the Princi- 
 pal of the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 
 Mr. Soule made Exeter the scene of his life-work, 
 and his connection with the Academy covers a period 
 of over fifty years. 
 
 August 26, 1822, he married Elizabeth Phillips, 
 daughter of Noah Emery, Esq., of Exeter. The issue 
 of this marriage was a family of five children, three sons 
 and two daughters. The daughters died almost in 
 their infancy, " leaving always the light of a tender and 
 holy memory in the home which they had gladdened 
 for a little while." Of the sons, one is a lawyer in New 
 York ; Nicholas — the young Dr. Soule — resides in 
 Exeter, and is a Trustee of the Academy, while the 
 third is a prosperous attorney in Boston, and until lately 
 a judge of the Supreme Court of Massachusetts. 
 
 In July, 1856, the degree of Doctor of Laws was 
 conferred upon Mr. Soule by Harvard College.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 45 
 
 June 19, 1872, a semi-centennial festival was cele- 
 brated in his honor, by the alumni and friends of the 
 Academy. This was a grand and fitting tribute to the 
 great teacher, who for half a century had been doing 
 so much for the intellectual and moral development of 
 the young. On this occasion Dr. Soule tendered his 
 resignation to the Trustees, and begged to be relieved 
 from the duties of his position, but he was pressed to 
 remain a little longer. In the words of Dr. Peabody, 
 the President of the Board, they said : — 
 
 "We accept not his proffered resignation. "We will 
 not let him go. A few weeks earlier, he would have 
 stood before you with ' his eye not dim, nor his natural 
 force abated ' ; and though he is now enfeebled by recent 
 illness, ... we trust that the kind Providence which has 
 restored him thus far has yet in reserve for him a season 
 of precious service, in which, with diminished labor, he 
 shall inaugurate the new era for our Academy." 
 
 On July 1, 1873, warned by the failing health of the 
 venerable teacher, the Trustees felt forced to give way, 
 and to accept his resignation. They conferred upon him 
 the title " Principal Emeritus," and voted him a pen- 
 sion and the free use of his house during the remainder 
 of his life. 
 
 After Dr. Soule was relieved from the care and 
 anxiety of the position so long held by him, he lived 
 contentedly and happily, surrounded by loving and 
 attentive friends and relatives. 
 
 In these last years of his life, the Doctor took unceas-
 
 46 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 ing deliglit in watching the students, as they went to 
 or from the Academy. He would stand by his win- 
 dow with watch in hand, and count the minutes until 
 it was time for " my boys," as he still called them, to 
 come from their recitations, and as they came romping 
 from the school yard his face would become radiant 
 with pleasure. 
 
 His strength, however, gradually failed, and after a 
 time the walks about town, which he had enjoyed so 
 much, were given up, and his exercise was confined to 
 the more immediate neighborhood of his house. His 
 mental powers also failed, but he remained cheerful to 
 the last, and until within a few days of his death was 
 able to walk abroad. 
 
 On Tuesday, May 27, 1879, he appeared to have 
 taken cold. The next day he grew weaker, and appar-- 
 ently unconscious, and passed away very peacefully at 
 half past eleven o'clock in the evening, at the age of 
 eighty-two years, ten months, and three days. 
 
 The funeral services took place on the following 
 Saturday. Among the mourners appeared the students 
 of the Academy; who, forming a long procession, 
 accompanied the mortal remains of Dr. Soule to their 
 last resting-place. No monument yet marks the spot, 
 but we understand that his former pupils are now 
 making arrangements to place above his grave a fitting 
 memorial stone. 
 
 Dr. Soule was rather tall, but well-proportioned. He 
 had a finely-shaped head, an ample brow, and dark.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 47 
 
 searching eyes, which, as one of his pupils once said, 
 " took a boy in at a glance, from liis boots up." The 
 high, white forehead, sno'^^'T hair and beard, the heavy 
 eyebrows, and the deepened facial lines of his later 
 years, are all well remembered by those who knew him. 
 These changes only added new glory to his already 
 venerated form. In a large assembly one would note 
 his dignified, stately bearing, and would instinctively se- 
 lect him as a leader. His elastic step and his business- 
 like ways taught many a lad to be prompt and accurate. 
 One incident will serve to illustrate this. When a 
 certain boy, on entering the school, went to register his 
 name, the Doctor asked, " How old are you." The boy 
 began to answer, '' I shall be — " But the old gen- 
 tleman, interrupting him, said, " No ! I wish to know 
 how old you are now" 
 
 It was a mere accident which drew him from the 
 agricultural life of his father and grandfather, and led 
 him to the Academy and college, and to his subsequent 
 career of usefulness and honor. How this was brought 
 about may be best learned from the following incidents, 
 which are given, substantially, in Dr. Soule's own 
 words : — 
 
 "My elder brother Charles and I Avere accustomed, in 
 the intervals of farm work, to catch iip the old family 
 musket, and hie to the neighboring woods in pursuit of the 
 partridge and the squirrel. We took turns in possessing 
 the gun. One afternoon, in the midst of our hunt, Charles 
 said, 'Now it is my turn; and if you will cut across to 
 the bars yonder, where the line fence crosses the logging
 
 48 THE PniLLTPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 road, nnci wait for me, I will sweep nroiind through this 
 point of woods and meet you there.' This road was a 
 narrow one, cut across lots through a thick growth of 
 young trees, and was used in winter for sledding, but 
 ■was grnss-grown in summer. The tall, luxuriant saplings 
 crowded on each side, and, mingling their thick houghs 
 overhead, subdued the light. The scene was still and 
 sombre; and as I sat perched on the fence, gazing 
 through the narrowing vista of green leaves, heavy-dipped 
 in gloom, I was quickly lost in abstraction, — absorbed in 
 a vision of imaginings spread out before me, not clearly 
 defined in particulars, but somehow, as a whole, most 
 real. I was impressed with the idea that some notable 
 chapter of my future was ready to burst upon me. My 
 spell was suddenly broken by the exclamation, ' Why, 
 Lane, what are you doing here?' It was the voice of 
 our aged neighbor, John Adderton, who was crossing 
 from his end of the road. 'I am going over to your 
 house,' continued he, ' to invite your father and you boys 
 to my husking this evening.' And to the husking we 
 all went. As the two fathers sat by the heap of corn, 
 in friendly chat, Mr. Adderton said: 'I have an idea. 
 Esquire Abbot, at whose store in Brunswick I do my 
 trading, wants to get a young boy to be about him in 
 his store and family ; advanced in years, he needs such 
 help for errands and other small matters. You have two 
 little fellows, and if you would spare Lane, the younger, 
 and he would be willing to go, I think he would just suit 
 the Esquire. He is a fine old gentleman, and the position 
 might open up something for the boy.' Esquire Abbot 
 w^as Jacob Abbot, a wealthy, solid, indispensable patri- 
 arch of Brunswick, foremost in every good work, and 
 especially a patron of learning. He was an Overseer of
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 49 
 
 Bowdoin College, at wLicli institution he educated Lis 
 five sons, among them the well-known authors, Jacob and 
 John S. C. In a few days the matter was arranged as 
 suggested. The good Esquire found plenty of business 
 for me by day; and by the hearth, in evenings, he 
 amused himself by talking with me, and drawing me out 
 by questions suited to my years. I seemed to gain his 
 favor. One evening he proposed to me a rather tangling 
 question in arithmetic ; which, placing my face between 
 my hands on my knees, 1 quickly solved. He seemed 
 surprised and pleased at the rapid and correct solution. 
 After some further acquaintance he said to Mr. Adder- 
 ton, 'That boy ought to be educated; and, with his 
 father's consent, I will write to my cousin Benjamin at 
 Exeter, and have him admitted to the Phillips Academy.' 
 In due time this was settled ; and, after a short prepara- 
 tion under the noted teacher and disciplinarian. Rev. 
 Reuben Nason, then pastor of our church in Fi-eeport, 
 I took my seat at the feet of the renowned Dr. Benjamin 
 Abbot, Preceptor of the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 From Exeter I entered Bowdoin College, under the 
 presidency of the venerated Dr. Jesse Appleton." 
 
 Professor Moses Soule says : — 
 
 "My brother, in after years, retained a vivid impres- 
 sion of the vision in the grove, seeming to regard it as a 
 sort of second-sight or 2:)rophecy of the future to bim, in- 
 stantly followed, as it was, by a marked change in his 
 condition, succeeded by link after link of that unforeseen 
 chain of Providence (which led him directly to his great 
 life-work) : the vision ; the meeting with Adderton ; the 
 husking ; the sojourn with Esquire Abbot ; the solution 
 of the question ; the training under Nason ; the course 
 
 4
 
 50 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 under Dr. Abbot ; and, tlirougb college, the iDrecept and 
 example of President Appleton. It may be added that 
 Dr. Soule opened the way for the education of his three 
 brothers in the same institutions." 
 
 Mr. Soulc is said to liavc been of a happy, joyous 
 disposition, a fine singer, and a profound laugher. 
 Tin-owing back his head, and displaying a wealth of 
 teeth, there would gush forth, ah iinu pectore, a burst 
 of honest, happy laughter. 
 
 One day, soon after graduation, he called at the For- 
 eign iNIission Rooms to see his classmate, Rufus Ander- 
 son, who was at that time engaged in preparing for the 
 press an edition of the Christian Almanac, of which he 
 was the projector. 
 
 While w^aiting for his friend, who was then busy, he 
 took up a book and soon became absorbed in its con- 
 tents. Suddenly Mr. Anderson w^as electrified by a peal 
 of old-fashioned college laughter, and, looking up from 
 a manuscript page of the calendar, he said, " There, 
 Soule, this is July ; I will enter in this column, ' Thunder 
 about this time.'" "So, I suppose," added the friend 
 who told me this, " a peal of the Doctor's laughter is 
 floating along the ages in the chronicles of thunder." 
 
 The influence for good of Dr. Soule's strong person- 
 ality can neither be estimated nor exaggerated. The 
 constant presence of such a model of the scholarly 
 Christian gentleman did not fail to have tlie Iiappiest 
 effects upon the students as individuals, and the school 
 as a whole. Dr. Soule honored his calling, and his
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 51 
 
 pupils honored him. His popularity among the students 
 was wonderful. They scorned to do even a petty mean- 
 ness, and to lie to Dr. Soule was most remote from their 
 thoughts. It is said that the only time the Doctor was 
 ever known to be angry was when he caught one of 
 his pupils in a lie. 
 
 Who does not remember his famous speech at the 
 beginning of each term, when he always said, " Whoever 
 crosses the threshold of a saloon crosses the threshold 
 of the Academy for the last time." At these times he 
 told the students what he should expect of them, 
 recited the few rules by which they were to be governed, 
 — all summed up in the injunction that they were to 
 behave as gentlemen, — and then added that he should 
 trust to their honor, and that the honor of a gentleman 
 was inviolable. 
 
 His reliance in the uprightness and honor of his 
 " boys " made men of them, in that they seldom abused 
 his confidence. This then, more than anything else, 
 was the secret of his success. In the words of 
 another,^ — 
 
 "He believed and he rejoiced in boys. No eye of 
 suspicion was needlessly turned upon them. Becai:ise he 
 believed in them, they believed in him, and strove not to 
 disappoint him. Nearly twenty years ago, one night, 
 many of the gates in the village disappeared. It Avas not 
 an act that required much originality or wit. But boys 
 have a keen appetite for fun, and jirobably they got, or at 
 
 1 Eev. John H. Morison, D. D.
 
 52 TUB PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 least expected to get, some enjoyment out of it. But the 
 town's people whose gates had been stolen did not see it 
 exactly in that light. They regarded it as a public out- 
 rao'e, and were very indignant. Some of them angrily 
 remonstrated with Dr. Soule, and insisted upon It that 
 the police should be called in, and summary punishment 
 inflicted on the culprits who had taken part in this high- 
 handed proceeding. Dr. Soule calmly listened to them, 
 and told them they had better wait. 
 
 "That evening, after prayers, he made a little address to 
 the students on the conduct Avhich a nice sense of honor 
 requires of gentlemen towards those whom they have 
 injured. Precisely what redress should be made, must 
 depend ujjon the relation of the parties to one another, 
 and on other circumstances. He instanced the case of a 
 friend of his "who had spoken hai'shly to his man, for 
 bringing his horse to the door a quarter of an hour after 
 the time, and who afterwards learned that it was not the 
 man's fault, and therefore made him a small present of 
 money as an acknowledgment. But from one gentleman 
 to another this could not be done. 'There are cases, 
 however,' he said, ' where immediate and entire reparation 
 can be made.' His object was to impress them with the 
 idea that a gentleman owes it to himself to repair as soon 
 as possible any injury that he has done to another. He 
 then dismissed the school, and was himself detained a 
 short time in his place. When he went out, it was rain- 
 ing and just at nightflill. But he saw in the Academy 
 yard students moving in little groups, each with a gate 
 on his shoulder; and thus every gate found its way back 
 to the place where it had belonged." 
 
 " He loved his boys, for in them he saw, not only the 
 possible law-makers, judges, rulers, the great merchants,
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 53 
 
 physicians, divines, who were to mould the coming age, 
 but, more and greater than all this, he saw before him 
 children of God intrusted to him that they might grow 
 np to be a joy and blessing to themselves and to all 
 around them. In them, with his prophetic eye, he saw 
 men of large hearts, of well-trained minds, of just views, 
 of sterling integrity, — men who, in the breadth and lofti- 
 ness of theu- attainments and the severity of their moral 
 convictions, would one day sit in judgment on him and 
 the work which he was doing." 
 
 Dr. Soule was eminently distinguished as a discipli- 
 narian. Active but gentle, helpful and sympathetic, he 
 was never underhanded, but always vigilant. While 
 always kind and approachable, he never allowed the 
 least infringement of his dignity. He rigidly enforced 
 every deference due to his office. It is well known how. 
 he always maintained the custom established by Dr. 
 Abbot, that no ball should be moved on the playground 
 in front of the Academy while the Preceptor or any of 
 the teachers were crossing. From the moment lie en- 
 tered the gate, the football lay quiet in the midst of 
 the panting crowd, and there it remained until he dis- 
 appeared through the Academy door. 
 
 A friend ^ sends us the following amusing account of 
 his own experience, when, through ignorance, on the first 
 day of his school life in Exeter, he disregarded this rule. 
 
 " It was in September, 1862, I think, when I entered 
 the Senior class, coming from a high school in the cen- 
 
 1 George T. Tiklen, Esq.
 
 54 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 tral part of Massachusetts. As tliis was my first experi- 
 ence of academy life, I liacl all the pride which a thorough 
 consciousness of the added dignity could bestow. I was 
 especially anxious to appear to the best advantage before 
 my newly-adopted comrades. 
 
 Throughout that memorable first forenoon and after- 
 noon all had gone well, and when the last recitation was 
 over the boys had gathered in the campus in front of the 
 Academy for their usual sports. We had just paired off, 
 the ' Juniors and Middlers ' against the ' Senioi's and 
 Advance,' for a game of foot-ball, and Hunnewell was to 
 give the ' warning kick.' He had just started towards 
 the ball when, for some reason which at the time I could 
 not comprehend, he suddenly checked himself, turned 
 on his heel in his light, graceful way, and was about to 
 take his position again to start the game, when I 
 tliought it a grand opportunity to show the boys what 
 I could do in the way of flying a football. So I rushed 
 in ahead of Hunnewell, whose quick eye had cauglit 
 sight of Dr. Soule as he emerged from the Academy 
 building and started to cross the yai-d. By the time 
 I had reached the ball the good Doctor was nearly in 
 line with it, and all the other boys, who knew what 
 was expected of them, stood quietly and respectfully 
 waiting until he should have passed beyond the limits of 
 the grounds. But all this hesitancy on the part of the 
 others only gave me the greater confidence to go ahead, 
 for I was far from being one of the big boys, and seldom 
 found it w'orth while to get into the ' rush.' So now was 
 my time, and I gave that ball such a kick as to send it 
 whizzing just above the Doctoi*'s head. Not one of the 
 boys ' made for it,' as I expected they would do ; but 
 instead of that each one remained where he stood, and
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 55 
 
 the dignified form of the Doctor halted, turned towards 
 me, straightening up to his full lieight as he extended 
 his long arm, and with his long, slim finger beckoned me 
 to hira. He was calm and dignified, and seemed to me 
 very tall as I came near and looked up at him, while I, 
 feeling myself in disgrace, seemed to lessen and dwindle 
 proportionately. Very calmly, but without severity, he 
 asked me if I was not a new pupil. I said that I was. 
 Then he said, ' Take the ball and come home with me.' 
 With all the meekness imaginable I picked up the ball, 
 and followed the worthy Principal to his house, opposite 
 the Academy grounds. What an interminable distance 
 those few rods seemed to me ! It is said that a drowning 
 person in two minutes can live over again every incident 
 ia a long .and checkered career ; and you will not doubt 
 the possibility of such a phenomenon if you have ever 
 walked ten rods with a football under your arm, a new 
 schoolmaster ten feet ahead, and the consciousness in 
 your palpitating heart that you have committed a hei- 
 nous crime against that glorious institution with which 
 for a year you had been longing to be identified. 
 
 " I thought of all the mishaps of Tom Brown at Rugby, 
 of the wretched Smike, and Oliver Twist, and by the 
 time we had reached the Doctor's house, although I was 
 not visibly black and blue from the rattan, I was inwardly 
 black and blue from my harassing reflections. Once in- 
 side the door, however, the Doctor was most pleasant and 
 affable. He assured me that he needed no explanation ; 
 that he saw just how the case stood ; that lie was sure I 
 had intended no disrespect ; that I was probably not 
 aware that it was customary at the Academy for the 
 pupils to check their sport for the minute or two required 
 for the instructors to pass through the yard, Tliis was
 
 56 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 all he said on that subject ; then, with a pleasant word or 
 two on academy life in general, he with a knowing smile 
 bade me take the ball back to the rest of the boys, and 
 have as good a time as I knew how. With a lightened 
 heart I hastened to rejoin my companions ; and when I 
 sent that ball back among them with the very highest kick 
 that I could give, it did not even then rise to the level 
 of my exalted opinion of the Phillips Exeter Academy 
 and its gentlemanly way of disciplining its pupils." 
 
 His methods of government were judicious, calm, and 
 decided. During the troubles of the Rebellion, a wor- 
 thy colored student was a member of the Academy. 
 Exeter knew no color line. Four students coming 
 from Kentucky were full of indignation, and, after talk- 
 ing the matter over among themselves, called upon the 
 Principal in his study, and said, " Doctor, we see that 
 you have a colored student in the Academy, and we 
 have called to say that if he stays we must leave." 
 Said tlie Doctor, " The colored student will stay ; you 
 can do as you please." The Southrons left. 
 
 For the shirk he had no sympathy, but the good man 
 was always a friend of those who tried. Sometimes a 
 lad who had become so interested in sports and games 
 as to neglect his studies would receive the awful sum- 
 mons to call at the Doctor's house ; where, after listen- 
 ing to a reasonable talk, he would go away feeling 
 as though he never could neglect his books again. 
 If, perchance, one was so careless as to forget again, 
 the noted " three hundred lines of Virgil " would bring
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 57 
 
 him quickly to his senses, and perhaps mar the pleasures 
 of the next holiday. 
 
 In the school-room he was at his best. When he 
 entered his recitation-room (number five of the new 
 building), the class rose and remained standing until he 
 bowed for it to sit. This was not mere form ; it was 
 genuine respect for the good doctor, whom all so loved 
 and reverenced. 
 
 " As a teacher he devoted himself chiefly to tlie Latin 
 language and literature, and in that department he has 
 left his brilliant record in all our colleges. Those who 
 have attended his examinations for many years bear 
 witness to his critical accuracy, his pure taste, his keen 
 appreciation of the classic authors, the thoroughness of 
 his drill, the measured stages by which he has raised his 
 successive classes to a level of attainment which has 
 commanded always our warm approval, often our sur- 
 prised admiration. We who have been most conversant 
 with his class-work, and have seen much of the same else- 
 where, have known none better, — were it not invidious, 
 we might be tempted to say, none so good." ^ 
 
 He had a " lottery " system of calling up his pupils, 
 
 in which there seemed to be as little chance as in those 
 
 of which we read. Hon. Robert T. Lincoln writes : — 
 
 " I shall never forget his lottery system of calling up 
 
 a boy in recitation. The little tickets were carefully 
 
 faced downward in a tin box, and delicately picked out, 
 
 one by one, with the moistened tip of his finger, and — 
 
 1 Rev. A. P. Peabody, D. D., in his address delivered at the 
 " Soule Festival."
 
 58 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 laid aside until the name of the fellow he was after 
 was reached." 
 
 One of the plcasautest remembrances that his pupils 
 have of him is his after-school talks. In those days, 
 in addition to the morning exercises, the school closed 
 with afternoon prayers, always conducted by Dr. Soule. 
 At the end of this service he frequently told the school 
 some anecdote, generally amusing, and always pointing 
 to some moral which never failed to impress itself upon 
 his hearers. The Doctor's mind was well-stored with 
 anecdotes and he had the reputation of being a Avonder- 
 fully good story-teller. He seemed to enjoy his own 
 stories quite as much as his privileged hearers. Even 
 after he retired from active work, and in those last sad 
 days when it was plain that his powers were waning, 
 he would occasionally tell an anecdote with the same 
 old vivacity and vi^ith as good an effect as ever. 
 
 On the street he ahvays met his pupils with a gra- 
 cious smile and bow, and at his house he often received 
 them witli cordial hospitality. 
 
 Mr. Soule took part in the various interests of 
 Exeter, and identified himself with its citizens. He 
 was a strong advocate of all improvements and the 
 welfare of his fellow-townsmen was very near his heart. 
 In town meetings his dignified yet unassuming man- 
 ner won universal respect, and gained for him a ready 
 hearing. 
 
 Mr. Soule was a sincere Christian. Throughout his 
 life he sought to be a co-worker ^vith the Great Teacher,
 
 ?^^ 
 
 THIRD ACADEMY BUILDING. 
 
 GREAT HALL OR "CHAPEL.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 59 
 
 whose blessing he so frequently sought. It was thus 
 that he gained the power to fit his pupils for the highest 
 and noblest duties of this life. At the same time he 
 taught them to look forward to life eternal. 
 His pupils rise up and bless his memory. 
 
 THE SOULE FESTIVAL. 
 
 The semi-centennial celebration in honor of Gideon 
 Lane Soule, LL. D., and of the dedication of the new 
 Academy building, was held on June 19, 18/2. 
 
 This day marked the close of the second epoch in the 
 history of the Academy, and although no extraordinary 
 pains had been taken to secure the attendance of friends 
 and former pupils of the school, yet the long trains 
 brought crowds of guests eager to be present at the 
 dedication of the new Academy building, erected by 
 the generosity of the friends of the school, and to do 
 honor to the venerable Dr. Soule, who thirty-four years 
 ago had succeeded to the charge of the institution, 
 and who, like Dr. Abbot at that time, had now com- 
 pleted his half-century of service as an instructor in the 
 Academy. 
 
 The occasion was memorable. By eleven o'clock the 
 lecture-room of the new building was crowded. The 
 walls of the room were adorned with portraits, which 
 were collected through the efforts of one of the Acad- 
 emy's best-loved sons.^ Wendell Phillips, tlie most 
 1 Hon. Benjamin F. Prescott.
 
 60 TUE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 prominent gentleman present, sat on the platform under 
 the portrait of his benevolent kinsman, the Founder, 
 while among the other eminent men present were Dr. 
 John G. Palfrey and Prof. Francis Bowen of Harvard 
 University, Prof. A. S. Packard of Bowdoin College, 
 President Paul A. Chadbourne of Williams College, 
 Judge Jeremiah Smith of Dover, Hon. George S. Hale 
 of Boston, Prof. Jeffries Wyman of Cambridge, and 
 Rev. R. D. Hitchcock of New York. After a prayer 
 by the Rev. John H. Morispn, the Rev. Andrew P. 
 Peabody, President of the Board of Trustees, delivered 
 a finished and interesting address. This has since been 
 published. The tribute which Dr. Peabody paid to 
 the Principal, Dr. Soule, was received with rounds of 
 applause. 
 
 The exercises of the morning were closed with the 
 singing of the ode written for the occasion by C. H. B. 
 Snow, who more than thirty years before had been a 
 pupil in the Academy. About two o'clock. Chief Mar- 
 shal James C. Davis of Boston formed the Alumni and 
 invited guests into a procession, and, enlivened by the 
 strains of the United States Marine Band of Ports- 
 mouth, which furnished the music throughout the day, 
 all moved toward the Town Hall, where a tempting 
 repast had been spread. 
 
 In an easy speech, after alluding to the use of wines 
 at festivals, the Chairman, Dr. Palfrey, said that they 
 proposed to maintain this feast with pure water, and 
 announced the first toast, "John Phillips," which all
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 61 
 
 drank standing. The Chairman exhibited several inter- 
 esting relics of Dr. Phillips, among which were the 
 diploma received from Dartmouth College, conferring 
 upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws ; several 
 memorandum-books, bound in the wrappers of the 
 sugar-loaves in which he dealt ; his marriage certificate, 
 pocket-book, and watch. He then called upon the 
 oldest graduate present. John Swasey, an old gentle- 
 man of eighty-five, who was in the Academy seventy 
 years before, arose, and in response to this toast 
 gave his youthful recollections of the Founder. He 
 closed by proposing a toast to Dr. Abbot, his own 
 teacher. 
 
 Dr. Palfrey then called upon Wendell Phillips ; and 
 as the gracefid orator stood up to speak, he was wel- 
 comed with a hearty burst of applause, which the band 
 caught up with the strains, " Hail to the Chief." Mr. 
 Phillips was to speak, he said, to the toast in honor of 
 the Phillips family, and especially of the Founder of 
 the school ; and he began by saying that his relationship 
 was so distant that he could speak of his kinsman's en- 
 dowment without a pang, and of his virtues as if they 
 had adorned some other name. He told several anec- 
 dotes of the Founder, and then went on to say that it 
 was to the credit of the Phillips family, who founded 
 the twin academies at Exeter and Andover, that they 
 set the fashion in New England of munificent gifts to 
 the cause of education. None before them had given 
 so much ; but since the days of John Phillips it had
 
 62 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 been the custom to hold wealth as a trust, and make it 
 subservient to the public welfare. 
 
 " But," continued Mr. Phillips, " as much as I praise 
 the munificence of your Founder, I admire still more 
 the faithfulness of your Trustees. You will find in 
 the second century of your school many liberal giv- 
 ers, but you will hardly find such a sell-denying and 
 frugal Board of Trustees. But, to use an Irish bull, 
 we should never be as good as our predecessors, unless 
 we are better than they ; we are not to copy them, but 
 to be as good as they in our circumstances. This school 
 is to be cherished, to be maintained and augmented. 
 The need of our day is for an education in work as well 
 as in books. In the days of John* Phillips and Dr. 
 Abbot, the rule was half the year at school and half 
 the year at work ; and when the scholar had graduated 
 he could earn his bread with his hands, if need be. 
 Nowadays the book education is continued and in- 
 creased, and we turn out scholars who cannot give a 
 dose of catnip tea without using the Greek phrase for 
 it ; but the industrial education is dropped down, and 
 must be restored in some way." 
 
 One word he would address to the scholars before 
 him, — men of high scholarship and very many of them 
 engaged in the work of education. He could not echo 
 the speech of Walter Savage Landor, who said there 
 was a spice of the scoundrel in every English scholar, 
 but he did find in too many of the American scholars a 
 spice of cowardly indifference. They no longer led the
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 63 
 
 people, but followed or were dragged by them. " In 
 our dealings with slavery, if the scholars had done 
 their duty, the Civil War with its enormous debt might 
 have been avoided. Let the lesson avail, and may the 
 scholars of this generation welcome every new ques- 
 tion, throw it open to the light of discussion, and lead 
 the attack on the e-v^ls of the present time, so that the 
 futm-e reformer, when he wins his next victory, may 
 not say to the American scholar, as Henry IV. said 
 to Coillon, after one of his great battles, 'Tn ny dtais 
 pas ! ' Such a day as we had, and thou not tliere ! '' 
 This sentiment was loudly applauded, and Mr. Phillips 
 sat down amid hearty cheers. 
 
 The Chairman tlien said that, having done honor to 
 the great benefactors of the Academy who were dead, 
 it now became their duty to do honor to its greatest 
 living friend. Principal Soule ; and thereupon the com- 
 pany gave three hearty cheers. Dr. Soule, whose feeble 
 health had kept him from hearing Dr. Peabody in the 
 morning, made a short but happy speech, and then 
 withdrew, followed by the cheers of hundreds of his 
 admirers. 
 
 Speeches were also made by President Chadbourne, 
 Hon. Amos Tuck, Hon. George S. Hale, Prof. Fran- 
 cis Bowen, Judge Jeremiah Smith, Rev. R. D. Hitch- 
 cock, of New York, and Mr. Tilden, the successor 
 to Dr. Taylor at Andover. Mr. Hale ^ read a poem re- 
 calling reminiscences of his school life at Exeter, and 
 1 Mr. Hale's poem may be found in the Appendix.
 
 64 TUB PUILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Judge Smith alluded to the plans his father had of 
 endowing the Academy, which were " frustrated by an 
 event which he did not then foresee," meaning the birth 
 of a son and heir in his old age. 
 
 But the most notable speech of the occasion was that 
 made by John Langdon Sibley, the venerable librarian 
 of Harvard College, who was revealed to the Alumni as 
 having endowed the Academy from his small estate with 
 fifteen thousand dollars to increase the charity scholar- 
 ships. For ten years Mr. Sibley had guarded his secret, 
 as if he had done a base rather than a noble deed ; but 
 now, urged by the persistency of the Trustees, he had 
 reluctantly consented to make it known at this gathering. 
 Th& storm of applause which greeted the announcement 
 of this gift could scarcely be resisted, even by a gentle- 
 man as hale and stout as Mr. Sibley ; and though at first 
 the gray head was bowed, he was soon forced to his feet 
 by the continued applause of the audience. After a mo- 
 ment of silence, which, indeed, seemed eloquence itself, 
 he told the story of the gift in a speech full of touching 
 pathos, and thronging with tender memories. 
 
 He disclaimed any credit for the gift, which, he said, 
 was first suggested by his father, a hard-working farmer 
 in Maine, who had no advantages for obtaining an edu- 
 cation, but who early felt the want of it, and deter- 
 mined that his son should not suffer in a like respect. 
 Riding through Exeter in 1797, his father had seen 
 the Academy, and the boys at play in the school yard, 
 and had resolved that his own son should be entered
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. Go 
 
 there. " So," said Mr. Sibley, "in 1819 I was sent to 
 Dr. Abbot's school, while my father continued to toil on 
 his rough farm in the woods of Maine. Never shall I 
 forget the day when I was admitted to the benefits of 
 the foundation fund of the Academy. My clothes were 
 of the rough homespun of the backwoods, and I was as 
 green as the grass on the village connnon. I was very 
 poor, but by rigid economy, and by teaching during the 
 winter months, I managed to keep body and soul to- 
 gether. It was a hard struggle, and had it not been for 
 the little aid my father gave me, I could not have suc- 
 ceeded. Now and then there came from the farm one 
 dollar, or perhaps two, — never more than three, — 
 which the utmost self-denial alone enabled my father 
 to send me." Mr. Sibley then referred to the Academy 
 as it was in his day, and spoke of his classmates, his 
 delight in his studies, and the joy with which his father 
 heard of his progress. 
 
 " Years after," continued Mr. Sibley, " when all our 
 family except my father had died, wishing to dispose of 
 the little property that his extreme frugality had enabled 
 him to acquire, he said, ' Exeter must be remembered,' 
 and gave me one hundred dollars to take to the Trus- 
 tees. Then he asked what he should do with the re- 
 mainder of his property, and spoke about bequeathing it 
 to me. ' Will you give it to Exeter Academy ? ' ' Take 
 it, John,' said he, ' and do what you think best with it.' 
 I received from him five thousand dollars, the earnings 
 of his life, and have made over to your Trustees the 
 
 5
 
 66 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 sacred trust. Five thousand more I have gladly given, 
 tliough it leaves me with scarcely as much. Still I will 
 add yet another five thousand to the ' Sibley Charity 
 Fund ' if, before the new year, there be subscribed a 
 generous sum for our Alma Mater." 
 
 None who were present will ever forget that brief 
 half-hour. The minds of all were deeply stirred by the 
 tenderest emotions, and before Mr. Sibley had finished 
 there was scarcely a dry eye in the audience. 
 
 The festival closed with a promenade concert and 
 ball in the Town Hall, at which hundreds of the 
 alumni were present. 
 
 " The impressions of this meeting," an alumnus writes, 
 " will not easily be efiaced. The old place and its 
 memories, renewed by meeting again those who were 
 our fellow-students and plajniiates, the noble address of 
 Dr. Peabody, the words of those reno\vned as scholars, 
 statesmen, and jurists, as well as the music and song, 
 combined to gladden our hearts, and make us prouder 
 than ever of our ' dear mother.' " 
 
 Summary. — The administration of Dr. Soule was 
 one of uniform prosperity. It could scarcely have been 
 otherwise, since he followed closely in the footsteps of 
 Dr. Abbot. The changes made by Dr. Soule were all 
 for the better. Under his direction the school was 
 classified. Abbot Hall and the new Academy building 
 were erected, Gorham Hall purchased, and the Christian 
 Fraternity founded.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL. 67 
 
 Among the instructors whom he associated with him- 
 self were Joseph G. Hoyt, Paul A. Chadbourne, George 
 A. Wentworth, and Bradbury L. Cilley. 
 
 Among his pupils were Paul A. Chadbourne, George 
 S. Hale, Benjamin F. Prescott, Robert T. Lincoln, 
 Christopher C. Langdell, and Sylvester Waterhouse, as 
 well as many of those already named as pupils of Dr. 
 Abbot. 
 
 FOURTH PERIOD. — 1873-1883. 
 
 Albert Cornelius Perkins, son of Nehemiah P. 
 and Lydia Bradstreet (the latter a descendant of Gov- 
 ernor Bradstreet of Massachusetts), was born in Tops- 
 field, Massachusetts, on December 18, 1833, and there 
 spent his boyhood and early youth. In 1852 he entered 
 the Phillips Academy at Andover, and after three years 
 spent there entered Dartmouth College, where he was 
 graduated in 1859. After graduation Mr. Perkins 
 taught for two years in the Phillips Academy at Ando- 
 ver, and afterwards in the High School at Peabody, 
 Massachusetts. In 1863 he became a lecturer in the 
 High School at Lawrence, Massachusetts, part of the 
 time acting as Principal. In May, 1873, Mr. Perkins 
 was elected Principal and Odliu Professor of English 
 in the Phillips Exeter Academy, and entered upon the 
 duties of the position in September, 1873. 
 
 In May, 1883, Dr. Perkins resigned his post at 
 Exeter, in order to accept the Principalship of the 
 Adelphi Academy at Brooklyn, N. Y.
 
 68 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Summary, — With the advent of Mr. Perkins as 
 Principal, a new epoch in the history of the Phillips 
 Exeter Academy began. 
 
 Dr. Perkins's administration, which thus covered 
 a period of ten years, was not one of retrogression. 
 The English department was re-established, the school 
 was re-classified, the funds were increased thirty per 
 cent, and a second literary society was founded. 
 
 If some hold that at times mistakes were made, still 
 all must acknowledge that the enviable reputation for 
 superior scholarship, which the Academy has always 
 borne, was jealously guarded and maintained by him.
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 FINANCIAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL. 
 Financial History. — Chronological Summary of 
 
 THE MOST important EvENTS IN THE HiSTORY OF 
 
 THE Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 
 FINANCIAL. 
 
 WE have already given an account of the found- 
 ing of the Phillips Exeter Academy by John 
 Phillips. It now becomes us to refer more particu- 
 larly to its endowment, and to its subsequent financial 
 history. 
 
 1782-1818. — The property for the purpose of estab- 
 lishing the Academy was given by legal conveyances, 
 dated respectively January 9, 1782, March 29, 1787, 
 and November 25, 1789 ; and by a ^vill approved and 
 allowed April 28, 1795. It is impossible after the lapse 
 of nearly a century to ascertain the exact value of the 
 Founder's benefactions. Indeed, the property was of 
 such a nature that we hardly think its value could be 
 more than approximated, even in the Founder's life- 
 time. However, an article ^ written a short time before 
 
 ^ Topographical Description of Exeter, New Hampshire, by Dr. 
 Samuel Tenney, Corresponding Member of the Historical Society, 
 Mass. Hist. Coll., Vol. IV.
 
 70 THE PUILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 the death of Mr. Phillips fixes the amounts as fol- 
 lows : — 
 
 First gift, wild lands in several townships . . £2,000 
 Second gift, siJecie notes, bearing interest . . £4,000 
 Third gift, specie notes, bearing interest . . . £2,000 
 
 From this statement it appears that the Founder 
 gave to the Academy eight thousand pounds during his 
 lifetime, which with the amount received at his death 
 makes a total endowment of about twelve thousand 
 pounds. The article from which we have just quoted 
 states that the income of the gift of 1789 is appropri- 
 ated for paying the board of " poor scholars." 
 
 From another authority it seems that the notes and 
 mortgages given in 1787 amounted to "£4,167, lawful 
 money," while the gift of 1789 was of uncertain value. 
 It is probable that the round numbers given by the for- 
 mer writer are approximately con-ect. 
 
 At his death, ]\Ir. Phillips, after making a few trifling 
 bequests, left the remainder of his property, valued at 
 about thirty thousand dollars, to the Phillips Academy 
 at Andover and the Phillips Exeter Academy, one third 
 to the former, and two thirds to the latter institution. 
 
 Five years later it is kno^vn that these various gifts 
 amounted to $58,880.37. This was in addition to the 
 late residence of Mr. Phillips, and the school building 
 and grounds. We append here an inventory of the 
 property belonging to the Academy at that time, which 
 we have taken from the first financial report found upon 
 the records of the Trustees. It \n\\ be noticed that it
 
 FINANCIAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL. 71 
 
 is signed by the Treasurer, John Taylor Oilman, and 
 countersigned by three gentlemen of the trust. It is as 
 follows : — 
 
 '•'■ Memorandum of Property belonging to the Phillips 
 Exeter Academy., July 1, 1800, viz.: — 
 
 Notes of hand, and stock in Merrimack Bank, 826,471.21 
 
 Sundry notes unremitted 1,695.00 
 
 Funded stock on hand and a note for same, 
 
 specific vahie about 900.00 
 
 500 acres of land in Sandwich, valued at . . 700.00 
 
 850 " " Gilmantown, « . . 1,700.00 
 
 40 " " Eloping, « . . 400.00 
 Sundry tracts of land in various towns, worth 
 
 perhaps 700.00 
 
 $32,566.21 
 " The above property belongs to the ' General 
 Fund.' 
 Notes on hand and stock in the 
 
 New Hampshire Bank .... $25,268.16 
 Notes unsettled, about .... 180.00 
 
 10 acres of land in Exeter . . . 166.00 
 
 Part of house and land in Exeter, 
 
 bought of Samuel Odlin . . . 700.00 
 
 26,314.16 
 
 " This sura appertains to the ' Charity Fund.' 
 
 $58,880.37 
 
 "Also late mansion-house of the Hon. John Phillips, 
 and some other notes, and about fifty notes considered of 
 no value. 
 
 J. T. GiLMAIf. 
 *• Sam'l Phillips. 
 Paine Wing ate. 
 Oliver Peabody.
 
 72 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 It also appears from this same report, that "all 
 these suras have arisen from the benevolent gifts of 
 the Founder." It is therefore evident that the entire 
 amount of the original endowment could not have been 
 far from sixty-five thousand dollars. And here let the 
 generosity of Elizabeth, the wife of John Phillips, be re- 
 corded. She relinquished " freely and voluntarily . . , 
 all rights of dower and power of thirds," in order to 
 share with her husband in this pious and glorious under- 
 taking, reserving for herself only "one thousand silver 
 dollars," and beef and pork and clothing to the amount 
 of fifty dollars a year, as long as she should live. Truly 
 the widow bestowed her mite, and therefore should 
 receive due honor. Some of the friends of Madam 
 Phillips, thinking she had reserved for herself too small 
 a portion of the good things of this world, induced the 
 Trustees of the Academy to give her fifty pounds in 
 la^^^ul money, a cow, and the use of a house and 
 , garden. We doubt not that this cow took in the situa- 
 tion, and did her utmost to remunerate the worthy 
 widow for her self-sacrificing generosity. 
 
 By the report of the Treasurer rendered July 1, 1818, 
 we find the property to be valued as follows : — 
 
 General Fund $41,765.30 
 
 Charity Fund 26,701.35 
 
 House and land occupied by Benjamin Abbot, 
 
 also another house 5,000.00 
 
 " Musical Fund " 1,000.00 
 
 $74,466.65
 
 FINANCIAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL. 73 
 
 1818-1858. — There was but little change m the 
 financial condition of the Academy during the suc- 
 ceeding forty years. At the end of that period, by 
 judicious investments and the general appreciation 
 of values, the funds had been almost doubled. It 
 was then (1858) valued, in round numbers, as fol- 
 lows : — 
 
 Eeal Estate, including six or seven acres of 
 land in the village, the Academy bnikling, 
 Abbot Hall, and the Principal's house . . % 35,000.00 
 
 Productive fund in notes and stocks . . . 100,000,00 
 
 $135,000.00 
 
 It was at this period that the Phillips Charity Fund 
 was merged into the general fund of the Academy. 
 There may have been good reasons for making this 
 change, but, as the Founder gave a specific sum for this 
 special purpose, we hardly think it was a wise policy to 
 confound the two. This act of the Trustees, however, 
 did not afi'ect the interests of the " foundation scholars," 
 who continued to receive aid as before. 
 
 Up to this time the Academy was indebted to the 
 Founder for all its funds, with the exception of a 
 bequest of one thousand dollars by Hon. Nicholas 
 Oilman, the income of which was to be expended for 
 instruction in music, and one hundred dollars given by 
 Hon. Leverett Saltonstall for the library. 
 
 1858-1883. — During the last twenty-five years the 
 funds, through the generosity of the Alumni and friends
 
 74 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 of the Academy have been largely increased.^ xiniong 
 these benefactors may be mentioned Rev. John Langdon 
 Sibley, of Cambridge ; Jeremiah Kingman, Esq., of 
 Barrington, N. 11. ; Woodbridge Odlin, Esq., of Exeter ; 
 Henry Winkley, Esq., of Philadelphia, whose generos- 
 ity to the cause of education has been so often mani- 
 fested ; a gentleman whose name we are not allowed 
 to publish, but who has contributed five thousand dol- 
 lars ; and William Phillips, Esq., of Boston, a kinsman 
 of the Founder, who contributed ten thousand dollars 
 toward the Rebuilding Fund in 1871. 
 
 " These and other gifts of less magnitude have been 
 faithfully applied to the specific purposes for which they 
 were bestowed, and ^vith results which have secured to 
 this Academy no second place among the educational 
 institutions of the land. The extensive charities which 
 the Academy has been able to dispense have doubtless 
 led to the impression that its endowment for all other 
 purposes was equally ample. But this is not the fact." 
 Although, during the last twenty-five years, the amount 
 appropriated for charity scholarships and kindred pur- 
 poses has been increased nearly if not quite four hun- 
 dred per cent, and although the Academy has acquired 
 
 1 A record of these various benefactions will be found in the 
 Chronological Summary contained in this chapter. The subscriptions 
 to the Rebuilding Fund,. received just after the destruction of the 
 Academy in 1870, are not included in this list. They were very 
 numerous, and came from all parts of the country. See also sketches 
 of Rev. John L. Sibley and Jeremiah Kingman, Esq., and the account 
 of Mr. Sibley's speech at the " Soule Festival."
 
 FINANCIAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL. 75 
 
 new and more commodious buildings and ampler play- 
 grounds, yet the general fund has been increased only 
 about thirty per cent. 
 
 From the last report of the Treasurer, rendered June 
 7, 1882, we see that the productive funds of the Acad- 
 emy (exclusive of grounds, buildings, etc.) amount to 
 $203,125. Of this amount $102,801.43 are restricted 
 as follows : — 
 
 Kingman Fund ; income only to be used in aid 
 
 of indigent meritorious students .... $42,421,43 
 Sibley Fund; income to be limited to same, 
 
 and not yet available $32,880.00 
 
 Odlin Fund ; to endow professorship of English $20,000.00 
 Oilman Fund ; for instruction in sacred music $1,000.00 
 Bancroft, Burroughs, Hale, and Gordon Funds; 
 
 to found special scholarships $7,000.00 
 
 Thus there remains but $100,323.57. Of this amount 
 about $20,000 belongs to the Phillips Charity Fund ; 
 while the remainder constitutes what is called the Gen- 
 eral Fund. It is from the income of this fund, together 
 with the amount received from tuition fees, that the 
 salaries of the instructors, expense of fuel, new furnish- 
 ings, new reference books, and all other ordinary and 
 extraordinary expenses, are paid. Now in order that 
 the Academy may be enabled to hold its o^vn in com- 
 petition with recent munificently endowed schools, this 
 fund should be largely increased. The history of the 
 Academy warrants it ; the future of our country de- 
 mands it.
 
 76 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 The funds of this institution, from its establishment 
 in 1781 to the present day, have "been managed at a 
 minimum cost, — sometimes gratuitously, sometimes for 
 a mere pittance, never for an adequate compensation, — 
 by a series of Exeter gentlemen of the highest position 
 and character, who have borne the charge of the treasury 
 as a philanthropic service." 
 
 The eminent reputation and distinguished usefulness 
 of the Academy during the last century is due, in no 
 small degree, to the skilful financial management of its 
 treasurers. 
 
 In conclusion, we %Aill add that the funds of the 
 Academy are invested safely and well. We would 
 suggest, however, that it would not be unwise for the 
 Trustees to publish, each year, the Treasurer's report. 
 This is a custom which has proved beneficial to similar 
 institutions ; and we feel sure that such a policy would 
 greatly increase the interest which so many have in the 
 financial welfare of the Academy. 
 
 CHRONOLOGICAL SUMMARY. 
 EARLY HISTORY. —1781-1783. 
 
 1781, April 3. The Academy incorporated. 
 
 1781, Dec. 18. The Constitution adopted. 
 
 [By this document John and Elizabeth Phillips con- 
 veyed to the Academy over 3,200 acres of land, and 
 other property, and also made the rules by which the 
 school and its officers are governed.]
 
 FINANCIAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL. 'JJ 
 
 1781-82. The first Academy building erected. 
 1783, Feb. 20. The school opened by the Rev. Ben- 
 jamin Thurston. 
 
 ADMINISTRATION OF MR. WOODBRIDGE. — 1783-1788. 
 
 1783, May 1. The first Academy building dedicated, 
 and William Woodbridge installed Principal. 
 
 1784. Colonel Henry Dearborn and other gentlemen 
 of Exeter presented the Academy with a bell. 
 
 1787, Oct. 11. The Trustees vote thanks to John 
 Phillips for his large and liberal donation of March 29, 
 1787. This second gift to the Academy amounted to 
 about $20,000. 
 
 1788, June 11. William Woodbridge, the first Prin- 
 cipal, resigns. 
 
 1788, Oct. 8. The resignation of William Wood- 
 bridge accepted, and Benjamin Abbot engaged as an 
 instructor. 
 
 ADMINISTRATION OF BENJAMIN ABBOT. — 1788-1838. 
 
 1790, Oct. 15. Benjamin Abbot becomes the second 
 Principal. 
 
 The Rev. Joseph Buckminster elected " Professor of 
 Divinity in the Phillips Exeter Academy, and joyn't 
 instructor with the Preceptor thereof." 
 
 [Although he was voted a salary of " one hundred 
 and thirty-three pounds six shillings and eight-pence, 
 lawful money, per annum," it does not appear that he 
 accepted this position.]
 
 78 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 1793, Nov. 13. The Trustees vote to erect a new 
 Academy building. 
 
 1794, The second Academy building erected. 
 
 1795, April 21. Death of John Phillips, LL. D., the 
 founder. 
 
 1798, Oct. 10. The Board of Trustees voted, " That 
 after the vacation in April next no student in the Acad- 
 emy shall wear silk of any kind as a part of his dress, 
 and that it be recommended to the students after that 
 time to discontinue the use of gowns, and that it would 
 be pleasing to the Trustees to see the dress of the stu- 
 dents less expensive, and in all instances, when con- 
 sistent, composed of the manufactures of your own 
 country." Rigid economy in all other respects also 
 recommended. 
 
 1799, Aug. 8. The Preceptor's salary fixed at $700. 
 This is in addition to the free use of a dwelling-house. 
 
 1801, July 9. The records of the Trustees refer, for 
 the first time, to the annual school exhibitions, after- 
 wards so famous. 
 
 1803, Aug. 23. The Trustees appropriate S200 for 
 the support of divinity students. They also vote to em- 
 ploy a mathematical instructor at a salary not to exceed 
 $500. 
 
 1804, Aug. 22. The Trustees appropriate $500 for 
 books for the use of divinity students. 
 
 [About this time the Trustees seem to have made 
 vigorous efforts to carry out the Founder's wishes in 
 regard to religious instruction, but they soon found it
 
 FINANCIAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL. 79 
 
 impossible to combine a theological seminary with a 
 college preparatory school, and consequently relaxed 
 their efforts in this direction.] 
 
 1809. The first tuition fee levied. 
 
 [This amounted to $2.00 per year, and was remitted 
 to " foundationers." Previous to this the Phillips Exe- 
 ter Academy had been a free school. In many cases the 
 board as well as tuition had been free.] 
 
 1814, Aug. 29. By the will of Nicholas Oilman the 
 Trustees receive one thousand dollars, the income of 
 wdiich is to pay for instruction in " solemn musick." 
 
 1817, June 16. The Rev. Isaac C. Hurd, pastor of 
 the Second Parish, is elected '' Theological Instructor," 
 at a salary of $250 per year. 
 
 1818, June 3. It is voted to have an English depart- 
 ment consisting of a three-years course. 
 
 1818, July 16. The "Golden Branch Society" is 
 founded. 
 
 1822, April .30. Gideon Lane Soule is appointed 
 " permanent instructor." 
 
 1822, June 27. It is voted to enlarge the Academy 
 building by the addition of wings, and also to employ 
 Nathaniel Connor to build the same. 
 
 1827, Aug. 21. Hon. John Taylor Oilman, the suc- 
 cessor of the Founder as President of the Board of 
 Trustees, in resigning this position, declined to appoint 
 his successor, as he had the right to do. Consequently 
 the Founder's successor in this office is now elected in 
 the same manner as the other members of the Board.
 
 80 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 [At this time the funds were unequal to the neces- 
 sary expenses of this growing institution, and Governor 
 Gihnan concludes his letter of resignation by expressing 
 regret that one sixth of the funds had not been set 
 apart, at the founding of the school, as an accumulative 
 fund. For in that case, he says, " we would have an 
 amount double our present endowment." A few years 
 later (1832), when Dr. Abbot wished to be relieved 
 from some of the duties of his office (for the Trustees 
 would not hear of his resignation) it was decided that, 
 owing to the want of funds, there was no other way 
 than to reduce the number of pupils to sixty. From 
 this has arisen the seemingly mistaken idea that the 
 number of pupils in the school is necessarily limited. 
 It is our desire that the school may some time number 
 five hundred students.] 
 
 1835 Auo-. 20. Daniel Webster elected a Trustee 
 of the Academy. His letter of acceptance, addressed to 
 Dr. Abbot, ends as ollows : — 
 
 " I cannot close this letter, sir, without signifying to 
 you the nncommon pleasure I feel in having received the 
 communication which I am now answering, from your 
 own hand. I pray you to be assured of the consistent 
 and sincere attachment and regard of your affectionate 
 
 pupil and friend, ^ 
 
 "Daniel Webster.' 
 
 1838, Aug. 22. The resignation of Benjamin Abbot 
 as Principal accepted. 
 
 1838, Aug. 23. " Abbot Festival " celebrated.
 
 FINANCIAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL. 81 
 
 ADMINISTRATION OF DR. SOULE. — 1838-1873. 
 
 1838, Aug. 22. Gideon Lane Soule becomes the 
 third Principal of the Academy. 
 
 1841, Aug. 19. The Trustees vote that " the Golden 
 Branch Society shall be merely a private one, with no 
 secret or secrecy in their exercises or proceedings." 
 
 1849, Oct. 25. Death of Benjamin Abbot. 
 
 1849, Oct. 27. The Trustees adopt the following 
 resolution : — 
 
 "The undersigned, having been appointed a committee 
 to draft appropriate resohitions, submitted the following, 
 which was then adopted by the Board, 
 
 '•'■ Resolved, That we, the Trustees of Phillips Exeter 
 Academy, holding in very high appreciation the distin- 
 guished services of Dr. Abbot, while he was, for half a 
 century, the Principal of this seminary; his imtiring devo- 
 tion to its interests ; the eminent reputation with which he 
 has adorned it, and the good learning and morals which 
 he has ably and diligently labored to impart to those un- 
 der his charge; his discreet zeal and judicious counsel 
 while a member of the Board of Trustees ; his faith and 
 virtues as a Christian; his dignity and courtesy as a 
 gentleman; his classical accomplishments as a scholar; 
 his fidelity, generosity, and warmth as a friend ; his de- 
 lightful and endearing traits in all his domestic relations ; 
 and his intelligence, usefulness, example, and liberality as 
 a citizen, — do now expi-ess to his family our high venera- 
 tion of his name, our desire ever to cherish a remem- 
 brance of his worth, and our most grateful sense of the 
 numerous and various excellences of his life ; and we 
 would also now express our most tender sympathies with
 
 82 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 his bereaved wulow and bis family ; and we most ear- 
 nestly and devoutly implore for tbem tbe Divine blessing, 
 support, sanctification, and solace. 
 
 [Signed,] " Charles Burroughs, President ) of the 
 G. L. SoULE, Clerk \ Board." 
 
 1854, July 31. Adopting the plan of Professor Hoyt, 
 the school is divided into Junior, Middle, and Senior 
 Classes. There is also a Preparatory and an Advanced. 
 Class. But while the former is to be kept as small as 
 possible, every effort is to be made to increase the size 
 of the latter which corresponds to the Freshman Class 
 in college. 
 
 From this time until 1874, foundationers received 
 aid as follows : those of the Advanced Class, $1.75 ; of 
 the Senior Class, $1.50 ; and of the other Classes, 
 $1.25 each per week. 
 
 1855, Aug. 13. The Trustees vote that the use of 
 intoxicating liquors by any student shall cause them to 
 sever his connection with the Academy. 
 
 1855, Nov. 27. The room rent in the new dormi- 
 tory, "Abbot Hall," is fixed at $1.00 per year for each 
 student. 
 
 1856, April 23. The "Christian Fraternity" is 
 founded. 
 
 1858, July 13. The students are excused from 
 attendance at the Academy except during recitation 
 hours and prayers. 
 
 1859, July 12. A committee is appointed to ascer- 
 tain the necessary expense of building a Gymnasium.
 
 FINANCIAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL. 83 
 
 1860, Nov. 26. The Trustees receive the gift of Dr. 
 Jonathan Sibley, M. D., of Union, Maine. 
 
 [From this gentleman, the Trustees received the sum 
 of one hundred dollars in grateful remembi-ance of the 
 favors which his son, John Langdon Sibley, had received 
 at the Phillips Exeter Academy ; this sum was increased 
 to three hundred dollars by the Rev. J. L. Sibley, the 
 son, and constitutes the " Sibley Book Fund," the in- 
 come of which is expended in purchasing text-books for 
 students who are in straitened circumstances. No one, 
 however, is to have any part of it if he uses opium, 
 ardent spirits, or tobacco in any form.] 
 
 1862, Nov. 25. The Trustees receive the nucleus 
 of the munificent " Sibley Charity Fund " from the Rev. 
 John Langdon Sibley, the librarian of Harvard Col- 
 lege. 
 
 1863, Nov. 24. Tuition increased to ten dollars per 
 term. 
 
 1867, July 2. Jeremiah Kingman, of Barrington, 
 N. H., gives five hundred dollars to increase the Charity 
 Fund. [At the death of Mr. Kingman, in 18/3, the 
 Academy received $42,421.43 for the same fund.] 
 
 1870, Dec. 18. Second Academy building destroyed 
 by fire. 
 
 The Trustees receive two thousand dollars from 
 George Bancroft to endow the Bancroft Scholarship. 
 Mr. Bancroft writes: "I desire to repeat for others 
 that come after me, what was done for me." 
 
 Tuition increased to fifteen dollars per term.
 
 84 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Dec. 24. The Alumni determine to raise Si 00,000 
 to rebuild the Academy, and for other purposes. 
 
 18/1-72. — Third Academy building erected. 
 
 1872, June 19. The " Soule Festival" celebrated, 
 and the new building dedicated. 
 
 18/2, Sept. 28. Tuition fees are increased to twenty 
 dollars per term. 
 
 1872, Oct. 26. Nathaniel Gordon gives one thou- 
 sand dollars, afterwards doubled, to found the Gordon 
 Scholarship. 
 
 The Trustees vote thanks to William Phillips, who 
 gave ten thousand dollars to the Building Fund. 
 
 They also vote Principal Soule a pension of twelve 
 hundred dollars per year, and the free use of a house, 
 whenever it shall be necessary for him to retire. 
 
 1872, Dec. 17. The Tnistees arrange to purchase 
 the Swamscot House for a school dormitory. [This 
 building was renamed Gorham Hall.] 
 
 They also receive from Miss Martha Hale two thou- 
 sand dollars to found the Samuel Hale Scholarship. 
 
 1873, Feb. 1. The resignation of Gideon Lane Soule, 
 third Principal of the Academy, accepted, and he retires 
 from office at the end of the school year. 
 
 ADMINISTRATION OF DR. PERKINS. — 1873-1883. 
 
 18/3, ]May 22. Albert Cornelius Perkins is elected 
 fourth Principal of the Academy. 
 
 Dec. 22. Prof. George A. Wentworth appointed 
 supervisor of dormitory buildings.
 
 FINANCIAL AND CHRONOLOGICAL. 85 
 
 1875, March 13. Woodbridge Odlin re-establishes 
 the English department, and founds the Odlin Professor- 
 ship of English, by giving twenty thousand dollars to 
 the Academy. 
 
 1878, Oct. 12. Henry Winkley, of Philadelphia, in- 
 creases the " general fund " of the Academy by the gift 
 of five thousand dollars. [He later sends another gift of 
 the same amount.] 
 
 1878, March. The " Exonian " founded. 
 
 1879, May 28. The death of Gideon Lane Soule. 
 The Trustees caused the following entry to be made 
 upon the school records : — 
 
 " The death of Gideon Lane Soule, LL. D., for more 
 than forty years a teacher in the Academy, and for twenty- 
 five years the Principal, occurred on the 28th of May, 
 1879. In view of this event, it is 
 
 ^^ Mesolved, That the Trustees place upon the record 
 some expression of their regard for the character of the 
 deceased and for the services he rendered to the Academy. 
 His devotion to the interests of the school was unwaver- 
 ing, he brought to the work of instruction and govern- 
 ment earnest zeal, fine literary culture, love for young 
 men, a nice sense of honor and integrity, dignity and 
 courtesy of a high order, fidelity and generosity ; these 
 traits he applied with wisdom and success to the interests 
 of the young men under his care. His love for the 
 Academy, and his concern for the welfare of it, ended 
 only with his life. His name is cherished with affection- 
 ate veneration, and the reputation which the school 
 acquired under his management is his fitting monument. 
 The Trustees desire to express their sympathy with the
 
 86 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 widow and family of the deceased, and to join with them 
 in loving respect for bis memory. 
 
 « A. C. Perkins, Clerkr 
 
 1880, December. The Burroughs Scholarship Fund 
 becomes available. 
 
 1881, April 3. One hundredth anniversary of the 
 incorporation of the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 
 1881. The " G. L. Soule Literary Society " founded. 
 
 1883, May 1. One hundredth anniversary of the 
 formal opening of the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 
 1883, May 8. The Trustees accept the resignation 
 of A. C. Perkins, as Principal of the Academy. [This 
 resignation took effect at the end of the school year.] 
 
 1883, June 20. Eeunion dinners of the various 
 classes, followed by a general reunion of the Alumni of 
 the Academy in the evening. 
 
 1883, June 21. The Phillips Exeter Academy cele- 
 brates its Centennial. The order of exercises is as 
 follows : — 
 
 Centennial Oration, by Rev. Horatio Stebbins, D. D., of 
 
 San Francisco, Cal, (Class of 1844,) at 10.30 a.m. 
 Poem, by Edward Hale, A. B., of Boston, Mass., (Class 
 
 of 1875,) immediately after the Oration. 
 Meeting of Classes from 1 2 m. to 2 P. M. 
 Dinner in a tent at 2 p. m., after which speeches by 
 
 distinguished Alumni, George Bancroft the historian 
 
 (Class of 1813) presiding. 
 Promenade Concert in tent, floored for the occasion, at 
 
 7.30 p. M.
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 THE FOUNDER AND THE PHILLIPS FAMILY. 
 
 Rey. George Phillips. — The Three Samuel Phil- 
 LiPSES. — Hox. John Phillips, the Founder. — 
 Genealogical Table. 
 
 TN these days, when the courts are crowded by the 
 crimes of our increasing population, when the cor- 
 rupt state of our civil service turns our Capitol into a 
 lottery office, and brings an honored President to a 
 woful death, it is refreshing to look back to the early 
 days of the republic, and to review such noble charac- 
 ters as this truly remarkable family presents. 
 
 On the 12th day of June, 
 1630, the ship " Arbella " sailed 
 into Salem harbor, bearing the 
 
 royal charter and the first Gover- .^__«i>;_^..^_^_ 
 
 nor and Deputy-Governor of the ]']' ^|* 'I* ♦!* ^!' <!' 
 now prosperous Commonwealth ^*.»i»:»i» i^ «i» 
 of Massachusetts. Among the 
 foremost of this noted company 
 was the Rev. George Phillips, 
 the ancestor of the Phillips fam- 
 ily in America. 
 
 To understand why this 
 company of yeomen and noble- phillips 
 
 \t . ».»: »■» h* «.t
 
 88 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 men, scholars and clergymen, — men prominent both in 
 state and church, — left the comforts of home for the 
 " deserts of America," one must recall the history of 
 England at that time. The Church was divided into 
 two great parties, the Arminian or High-Church party, 
 and the Nonconformists ; the former representing the 
 King and court, the latter the commons and people. 
 
 Burdened as they were by the extravagant and abso- 
 lute rule of Charles I., sickened by the horrors of La 
 Ptochelle, is it any wonder that they determined to 
 secure that civil and religious liberty which they could 
 not obtain in England, by emigrating to America ? 
 
 We cannot rightly understand the principles which 
 governed the family of the Founder of the Phillips 
 Academies unless we know something of his English 
 ancestor, George Phillips.^ 
 
 Entering Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, 
 April 20, 1610, he was graduated B. A. in 1613, and 
 M. A. in 1617. Soon after, he settled in Bosted (or 
 Boxted) and began to preach. But his views were too 
 simple and puritan for the Established Church, then 
 leaning towards " Popery " and Rome. Driven from 
 England by the extreme violence of the spirit of perse- 
 cution, this young man, already " mighty in the Scrip- 
 ture," came, with his wife, his son and daughter, his 
 neighbors and friends, to found an American home. 
 
 1 Georpre Phillips was tlie son of Christopher Phillips of Painhara 
 (or Raymund) St. Martins, near Roughara, Hundred of Gallows, 
 Norfolk County, 'E.x\g\a,nii,mediocris fortunae.
 
 THE FOUNDER AND HIS FAMILY. 89 
 
 He settled in Watertown, and for fourteen years was a 
 devoted pastor and a leader in the Colony. He is 
 represented as having been " the earliest advocate of the 
 Congregational order and discipline," ^ and was among 
 the first in the Colonies to resist taxation laid without 
 the people's consent. He was "a godly man," says his 
 intimate friend, Governor John Winthrop, " specially 
 gifted and very peaceful." ^ Cotton Mather ^ speaks of 
 him as " among the first saints of New England, a good 
 man full of faith and of the Holy Ghost," and refers 
 to his son Samuel in the following quaint epitaph : — 
 
 Epitaphium. 
 
 Hie jacet Georgius Phillippi, 
 
 Vir incomparabilis, nisi Samdelem genuisset.* 
 
 This son Samuel was the first of the Phillips family 
 to be graduated at Harvard (1650). He settled in 
 Rowley, " where he served God and his generation faith- 
 fully forty-five years." ^ We can imagine what the 
 temper of this fearless patriot was, when we learn that 
 he suflPered imprisonment for having denounced Gover- 
 nor Randolph in one of his sermons.^ About Samuel, 
 the son of this Rowley preacher, not much is known, 
 except that he was a successful goldsmith at Salem, 
 and that he transmitted the virtues of his ancestors and 
 
 1 Cong. Coll., Vol. I. p. 334. 2 Winthrop's Journal. 
 
 3 Mather's Magnalia, Book HI. p. 85. 
 
 * " Here lies George Phillips, a man to be compared to none, had 
 he not begotten Samuel." 
 
 ^ From the Phillips Monument at Rowley. 
 
 6 Washburn's Judicial History of Massachusetts.
 
 90 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 their favorite prscnomen to his eldest son, Samuel, the 
 first minister of the Old South Church at Andover. 
 
 The latter was the father of the Founder of this 
 Academy, and deserves sj^ecial mention, as he was 
 considered one of the most eminent divines of his 
 day, and as pastor endeared himself to his people during 
 a period of over sixty years. In every way he seems to 
 have been an excellent man. At least once a year he 
 called at every house in his parish, and is said to have 
 had much influence in maintaining household worship 
 throughout the town. All these good habits he taught 
 his children, and thus the virtues of the parent were 
 inherited by the children. 
 
 He says in his will : " And now my desire and prayer 
 is, yt. my sd. three Sons . . . make their care to be 
 found in Christ, and to serve their Generation accord- 
 ing to the Will of God by doing good as they shall 
 have opportunity unto all men, and especially to ye 
 Household of Faith, as knowing it is more blessed 
 to give than to receive." 
 
 His son, John Phillips, was born in Andover on 
 " Lord's Day," December 27, 1719. As a boy he loved 
 books. Indeed, he made such progress in his Latin and 
 Greek, as to enter Harvard University at the early age 
 of eleven, and receive the honors of a degree in the 
 fifteenth year of his age. After leaving college he 
 studied divinity and the sciences with his father, and 
 also taught in the public schools of Andover and the 
 neighboring towns. Soon after this he came to Exeter
 
 THE FOUNDER AND HIS FAMILY. 91 
 
 and opened a private classical school, stiU studying for 
 the ministry. 
 
 In Exeter he connected himself with the New Parish 
 and was made Ruling Elder. He soon began to preach 
 both in Exeter and the surrounding towns, and "was 
 esteemed a zealous, pathetic, and animated preacher." 
 We have before us his "preaching Bible," a quaint, 
 much-worn pocket edition of the Scriptures, published 
 in 1727. The names of the books are lettered on the 
 edge, and within, written in a firm hand, is liis signa- 
 ture, " John Phillips," and below are the Phillips arms 
 curiously printed. 
 
 On the 2oth of May, 1747, he was invited to become 
 the pastor of the Second Church in Exeter. Soon 
 after he received a most urgent call from Portsmouth, 
 and imitations from other places. He refused them 
 all. He had heard Whitefield, the mighty Methodist, 
 and the eloquence that could cause the tears to roll 
 down the cheeks of the sooty collier, and draw together 
 an audience of thirty thousand persons, seemed so un- 
 attainable that he at once abandoned his profession and 
 turned his attention to business, especially the lumber 
 trade. Those habits of regularity, carefulness, and 
 accuracy to which he had accustomed himself, combined 
 with his native energy and sagacity, quickened as it was 
 by a liberal education, enabled him to accomplish much 
 more than most men. He had a keen sense of the 
 value of time, and if he had anything to do, he did it, 
 believing a pitched battle to be better than a contin-
 
 92 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 ued skirmish. In his business dealings, lie practised 
 exactly what he had preached, and he grew rich, not 
 by grinding the poor, but by industry and economy. 
 
 In these days we see some men become millionnaires 
 by forming gigantic combinations to construct railroads 
 and to operate telegraph lines. Sometimes even the 
 mere sound of the " ticker," or a glance at the " tape," 
 will indicate that a fortune has been won. In John 
 Phillips's time, however, fortunes were worked, not 
 won, and it was a good thing, no doubt, that in those 
 early days the people knew nothing of construction 
 companies or of the paraphernalia of the Stock Ex- 
 change. 
 
 If you will but call to mind the period in which he 
 lived, — if you will remember that it was during the 
 dark days of the Revolution, before the remarkable 
 prosperity of the present century had set in, — you will 
 perhaps understand how necessary it was that one who 
 wished to lay by a competency should practise the 
 strictest kind of economy. 
 
 We honor the Founder's thrift, and wish there was 
 more of it at the present day. It is his savings that 
 have made possible these hundred years of school work 
 at Exeter, and that have sent abroad over the face of 
 this earth more than five thousand intelligent workers. 
 Sometimes the stories told of this good man's economy 
 appear somewhat laughable, and then the ludicrous side 
 of the picture is the stronger. 
 
 You of course know that, in the days of which we
 
 THE FOUNDER AND HIS FAMILY. 93 
 
 write, the houses were all heated by wood-fires kept 
 burning against a huge backlog in open fireplaces. In 
 the Phillips house the backlogs were soaked in water 
 for several hours before they were placed in the fire- 
 place. This caused them to burn slowly, — this was 
 economy. Imagine the grim old Founder of " Phillips 
 Exeter " bringing in a dripping log for the fire ! Tra- 
 dition further affirms that when the household was as- 
 sembled for evening prayers, and the chapter had been 
 read, the good man always extinguished the light before 
 the long prayer. This was to save the caudle, which 
 could be readily relighted at the open fire after the 
 prayer was ended. 
 
 Many of his account-books he made himself. The 
 original lists of his various gifts to the Academy are 
 still preserved. They are in books of his own manu- 
 facture, mere pieces of paper sewed together, but in the 
 "neatest possible manner," as our Professor of Latin 
 used to say. 
 
 The humble home of this great man, in which he both 
 lived and " kept store," stood on the present site of 
 John Getchell's hardware store. (Water Street has 
 since been widened, and taken in both the little door- 
 yard, five feet deep, and eighteen inches of the land on 
 which the Phillips house itself stood.) Measuring hap- 
 piness by the amount of good done, he spent the best 
 days of his life in this house. Here he entertained the 
 clergy, the royal Governors and strangers of high and 
 low degree. A few days ago, Wendell Phillips, that
 
 94 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 venerable hero, who in our time so fitly represents the 
 Founder's noble family, related to me the following, 
 which he said he had from his "goody" when in 
 college. 
 
 This "goody" had been a servant in Exeter, and had 
 known Dr. Phillips and his household. She said that 
 it was customary for the Doctor to entertain the clergy 
 Avhen they met in Exeter, and that on such occasions 
 he gave to each of them a glass of ordinary table 
 wine ; but to the one who was to preach the ser- 
 mon of the day he gave a glass of rich mulled drink, 
 a sort of cherry-bounce, in order, perhaps, to excite 
 in him a proper amount of enthusiasm. He was, as 
 has been well said, a rigorous old Puritan, a trifle som- 
 bre perhaps in his exterior, but with his friends always 
 genial and warm-hearted, always greatly respected ; in 
 later years he became the object of affection and rev- 
 erence. Indeed, he was a man to command respect. 
 In his youth he had been carefully trained ; he had 
 seen his father and relatives, all patterns of old-time 
 politeness, revered by neighbors, old and young ; and 
 it was only natural that he should have their same fine 
 manners, and both expect and receive the love and 
 honor of all. No boy dared scale his orchard wall, 
 nor cry at him, " Say, Mister, gimme a cent ! " but a low 
 bow and a reverent tone would open this good man's 
 purse, and at the same time fill the boy's pockets with 
 cherries from his tree. Altliough a prodigy of activity, 
 books and business did not occupy all his time. He
 
 THE FOUNDER AND HIS FAMILY. 95 
 
 was a patriot, and interested in the welfare of his coun- 
 try. He raised a corps of cadets, and the same method 
 and discipline displayed in his business affairs made this 
 the best-drilled body of militia in the State. 
 
 His commission has lately been found, signed by 
 Governor John Wentworth, and dated '' the 1 5th day 
 of May, 1771, and the eleventh year of his Majesty's 
 reign," appointing him " the commander of the Corps 
 of Cadets, with rank of Colonel of Foot in the militia 
 of said Province." The whole family took the patriotic 
 side in the Revolution, and a story which illustrates the 
 ardor of the family in the good cause is told of his 
 brother William, who was a member of the Committee 
 of Safety. It had been announced to the friends of 
 the cause and to the members of the Committee, that a 
 meeting was to be held in the loft of one of the stores 
 on Long Wharf, Boston. The night proved stormy and 
 cold, and a cutting sleet fell thick and fast. It was 
 just the night to conceal their movements, but a rough 
 night for the members coming in from out of town. 
 About eleven o'clock Mr. Phillips appeared. He had 
 come on horseback all the way from Andover, and 
 when he threw off his outside coat it was frozen so 
 stiff as to stand alone. These were indeed Revolution- 
 ary times, — times that not only " tried men's souls," but 
 wet their skins and froze their ears. This same brother 
 is said to have been one of the famous tea-party which 
 took Boston harbor for a teapot. 
 
 Retiring from active business at the bednnino: of
 
 96 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 the war, Dr. Phillips devoted himself to the care of his 
 large estate, and to the execution of long-cherished 
 plans for the advancement of education and the spirit 
 of the Christian religion which he loved so well. He 
 was a trustee of Dartmouth College (1773-1/93), and 
 founded and endowed the Phillips Professorship of 
 Theology. From this college he received his honor- 
 ary degree of Doctor of Laws. To Nassau Hall (now 
 Princeton College) he also gave liberally, but the work 
 by which he will be longest remembered was the found- 
 ing of the two academies which bear his name. It is 
 certain that the plan of founding the Academy at 
 Andover originated with his favorite nephew, Samuel 
 Phillips, Jr. ; but it is quite as certain that this nephew 
 depended upon the practical advice and mature wisdom 
 of his uncle to put into execution his own incomplete 
 plans. Thus we name the nephew "the projector," 
 and his father and uncle " the founders," of the Phillips 
 Academy at Andover. In January, 1777, they began 
 to carry their plans into execution by the purchase of 
 land. On the 21st of April, 1778, the constitution was 
 signed, and seven days later the first meeting of the 
 Trustees was held. Two days after this the school 
 opened with thirteen students, and at the time of in- 
 corporation (October 4, 1780) the number had increased 
 to sixty. 
 
 Dr. Phillips was one of the two original signers of 
 the constitution of the Academy. He served most 
 efficiently as (5ne of its Trustees, from the origin of
 
 THE FOUNDER AND HIS FAMILY. 97 
 
 the school till his death, and during the last five years 
 of his life he was President of the Board. " For 
 its endowment he did more than any other man. He 
 gave to it at the outset, in equal shares with Samuel 
 Phillips, senior, three hundred and forty-one acres of 
 land, and the sum of £1614 sterling. His interest in it 
 continued through life, and his contributions to it were 
 not less than S3 1,000." His last gift to the Academy 
 at Andover amounted to over twenty thousand dollars. 
 On receiving which the Trustees immediately " Voted, 
 That the Honorable Samuel Phillips, Jr., Rev. Mr. Tap- 
 pan, and Mr. Pearson, be a committee to draft a vote 
 of thanks to the Honorable John Phillips, Esq., for 
 his very generous donation to the Academy." Their 
 report, which was adopted and recorded, was in these 
 words : — 
 
 "The Board, having been made acquainted by a legal 
 instrument, bearing date the 16th day of October, 1789, 
 this day comraimicated, that the Hon. John Phillips, Esq., 
 of Exeter, one of the founders of this Academy, ' for 
 and in consideration of further promoting the virtuous 
 and pious education of youth, (poor children of genius, 
 and of serious disposition especially,) in Phillips Academy, 
 founded in Andover, in the State of Massachusetts,' has 
 given and granted to the Trustees of said Academy and 
 their successors, or their order, certain notes of hand, 
 therein described, to a very large amount, under certain 
 reservations, therein mentioned, — 
 
 " Voted., That the thanks of the Board be presented to 
 the Hon. John Phillips, Esq., for his before-cited pious 
 
 7
 
 98 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 and liberal donation, whereby he has still further mani- 
 fested his generous and ardent zeal for the promotion of 
 knowledge, virtue, and piety, and conferred an additional 
 and lasting obligation upon the Academy. 
 
 " Upon this occasion the Trustees cannot but add their 
 fervent wish and j^rayer, that the Donor, the distinguished 
 Friend and Patron of science and religion, may live to 
 behold, with increasing joy and satisfaction, the hnppy 
 fruits of this, and of all his other pious liberalities ; and at 
 a very remote period, his numerous acts of benevolence 
 may receive that reward which original and infinite 
 goodness can bestow."-^ 
 
 The generous spirit manifested by Samuel Phillips, 
 Jr., in inducing his father and uncle to give to charity 
 and education the fortune that he himself would other- 
 wise have inherited, has been deservingly eulogized by 
 his biographer.^ Indeed, every act and word of this 
 glorious man seems worthy of imitation. The Phillips 
 Exeter Academy, however, was originally conceived by 
 Dr. Phillips alone, and its creation and endo^^^llent 
 were his o^\ti work. He had no children, and what 
 better use, therefore, could he make of his wealth than 
 to devote it to learning, to humanity, and to God? 
 Thinking thus, he writes to his nephew, and shortly 
 after receives the following : — 
 
 " Honored Sir : — 
 
 "... Since receiving your last favor, I have been 
 chiefly from home, and when at home have been so unfor- 
 
 ■1 Academj- Piecorcls, pp. 77, 78. 
 2 Kev. John L. Taylor.
 
 THE FOUNDER AND HIS FAMILY. 99 
 
 tunate as not to obtain Messrs. French's and Pearson's 
 opinion of the dimensions of a building that would be 
 most convenient for an Academy : this I hope for speedily, 
 and shall with great pleasure transmit it. The joy I felt, 
 on finding that you had it in contemplation to lay the 
 foundation of another Academy, was great indeed : so 
 great, that I hardly know of anything within human 
 reach that could have given me more satisfaction, save 
 the intelligence that your purpose was executed. May 
 my honored uncle long enjoy the fruits of his pious cares 
 and projections, in seeing those who are furnished with 
 the best principles filling the most important places in 
 Church and State, and doing worthily for the kingdom of 
 our glorious Saviour. The impatience of the bearer for- 
 bids my adding more than my dutiful addresses to ray 
 honored aunt, and that I am, with the warmest senti- 
 ments of gratitude and respect, 
 
 " Your very dutiful nephew, 
 
 "8. Phillips, Jr." 
 
 To this his uncle replies : — 
 
 " Exeter, April 27, 1781. 
 "Dear Sir : — 
 
 "... Your concurring sentiments and warm expres- 
 sions respecting another Academy are very refreshing 
 and highly animating ; and will greatly endear you to my 
 friends here, who were encouraged to expect the help of 
 your advice, and such assistance as might, in a course of 
 time, when you shall have more leisure esj^ecially, greatly 
 increase the benefit of such an institution. The motion 
 was exceedingly agreeable to the General Court, who 
 have incorporated the Academy, by the name of the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy, for the purposes mentioned in
 
 100 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 yonrs; and the Trustees nominated and appointed (besides 
 myself) are Daniel Tilton and Thomas Odiorne, Esquires, 
 of this town, John Pickering, Esq., of Portsmouth, David 
 M'Clure, of Northampton, Clerk, the Hon. S. Phillips, Jr., 
 Esq., Andover, and the Preceptor, Mr. Benjamin Thurs- 
 ton — the estate allowed the same with yours — and 
 might have been twice so much (I doubt not) had it been 
 asked ; and the Act concludes thus : ' And whereas the 
 said Institution may be of very great and general advan- 
 tage to this State, and deserves every encouragement, be 
 it therefore enacted, by the authority aforesaid, that all 
 the lands, tenements, and personal estate, that shall be 
 given to the said Trustees for the use of said Academy 
 shall be and hereby are forever exempted from all taxes 
 whatsoever'; which very encouraging clause concludes 
 me. 
 
 "Most affectionately yours, 
 
 "J. Phillips. 
 " Hon. S. Phillips, Jr., Esq." 
 
 Thus the grand purpose of John Phillips was at last 
 accomplished. The Academy was incorporated on the 
 3d of April, 1781, and officially opened, as we have 
 before stated, on the 1st of May, 1783. During his life 
 he was the Chairman of the Board of Trustees, and the 
 later growth of the school has been largely influenced 
 by the fostering care that it received from Dr Phillips 
 during the first fourteen years of its existence. He it 
 was who met and solved the difficult questions con- 
 stantly arising, and it was his mind that gave scope to 
 the liberal views upon which the school was founded. 
 Living in a humble country town, where frugality is
 
 THE FOUNDER AND HIS FAMILY. 101 
 
 wont to become meanness, at a time when such ideas of 
 philanthropy and benevolence were unknown, it was 
 most remarkable that he should have become the most 
 liberal public benefactor among our countrymen of the 
 last century. He was no example of the story of the 
 five peas, who, sitting in their little pod, and seeing that 
 they were green and that their pod was green, thought 
 that the whole world must be of the same complexion. 
 No, instead of keeping his wealth to bestow upon 
 humanity when he could no longer use it himself, he 
 gave it in the years of his activity, and had the satisfac- 
 tion of seeing his own noble project carried into execu- 
 tion with the brightest prosj)ect of future growth and 
 increase. 
 
 He was twice married. His first wife, Sarah, widow 
 of Nathaniel Oilman, Esq., and daughter of Rev. Mr. 
 Emery of Wells, died in October, 1765. Two years 
 later he married Elizabeth Hale, widow of the village 
 physician, and daughter of Hon. E. Dennett of Port- 
 land. In connection with this second marriage, we 
 have found the quaint congratulation of Oovernor John 
 Wentworth enclosing their marriage license. Mr. Phil- 
 lips was one of George Benning Wentworth 's Council 
 (1/67-1775),^ a justice of the peace (and this office 
 was of some importance in his day), and a Judge in 
 special cases of the Supreme Court. 
 
 He died, April 21, 1795, at the advanced age of 
 seventy- five years and four months. 
 
 1 New Hampshire State Papers, Vol. VII.
 
 102 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 The peace and comfort of his last hours will be best 
 understood by a quotation from the memorial sermon 
 preached by Rev. John French, in Andover, the next 
 Sunday, Ha\ang dilated upon his many virtues, this 
 gentleman says : " He was seized with a kind of faint- 
 ing fit on Monday morning, from which he in part 
 recovered, so as to walk about the house, and was per- 
 fectly sensible and apprised of his approaching dissolu- 
 tion, and spoke of it to his friends with calmness and 
 serenity and fervent pleasure ; and according to infor- 
 mation expressed himself in words to this effect : ' My 
 work is done. I have settled all my affiiirs, and have 
 now nothing to do but to die, it is no matter how soon.' 
 And, retaining his reason to the last, the next morning 
 he died, ... of whom it might be said, as was said 
 of David, ' After he had served his generation according 
 to the will of God, he fell asleep.' " 
 
 In Exeter a eulogy upon the deceased was delivered 
 in the parish meeting-house by the Rev. Benjamin 
 Thurston, on October 14, 1795, the day of the annual 
 meeting of the Trustees, but we regret to state that no 
 copy of this tribute of friendshiiJ has been preserved. 
 
 As we have said, he had no children. All his fortune 
 except a few legacies went to his beloved academies, — 
 two thu-ds to the Phillips Exeter Academy, and one 
 third to the Phillips Academy at Andover. Truly, 
 "■without natural issue, he made posterity his heir." 
 His portrait by Stuart hangs in the chapel of the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy ; another is at Andover ;
 
 THE FOUNDER AND HIS FAMILY. 103 
 
 while still a third, presented by Hon. Josiah Quincy, 
 may be found among the ''distinguished laymen" in the 
 hall of the Massachusetts Historical Society. 
 
 His grave may be found in the new cemetery, marked 
 by a tablet bearing the following simple epitaph : — 
 
 JOHN PHILLIPS, LL. D., 
 
 Founder 
 
 Of the Phillips Exeter Academy ; 
 
 an 
 
 Associate Founder 
 
 of the Phillips Academy in Andover, 
 
 and 
 
 a liberal benefactor of Dartmouth College 
 
 Died April 21, 
 
 1795, 
 
 Aged 75 years. 
 
 Actuated by his ardent attachment to the 
 
 cause of Christianity, he devoted his 
 
 wealth to the advancement 
 
 of 
 
 Letters and Religion. 
 
 His appropriate monuments are the institutions 
 
 which bear his name. 
 
 We will close this sketch by quoting from a letter to 
 Dr. Soule, the late Principal of the Academy, written 
 by the venerable Josiah Quincy in 185.5, when the 
 writer was already more than eighty-three years of age. 
 Referring to the Phillips family and to Dr. Phillips 
 himself, Mr. Quincy said, with his characteristic ear- 
 nestness, " Would to Heaven I could express all that I 
 feel, and all that I owe, and all that the country owes, 
 to that name and family ! John Phillips, your Founder, 
 I knew well, — that is, as well as a boy of fourteen
 
 104 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 could be expected to know and realize the worth of a 
 man of perhaps sixty. About the year 1785 I visited 
 him at Exeter in his family, with my mother, who was 
 his niece. I spent three or four days there, and par- 
 took of Ms simple meals. I heard him at his family de- 
 votions. I shall never forget the patriarchal sweetness 
 of his countenance, or tlie somewhat stern, yet not un- 
 attractive manner, in which he greeted and responded. 
 He had an austere faith, softened by natural tempera- 
 ment and inherent kindliness of spirit. I rejoice that 
 the spirit of his benevolence still lives and breathes 
 in the spot he selected for its abode, and that it bears 
 the Phillips name upward from its foundation to its 
 height." 
 
 [Fac-simile of the Founder's handwriting.]
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 THE BUILDINGS. 
 
 Original Buildin^g. — Second Academy Building. — 
 New Building. — Abbot Hall. — Gorham Hall. 
 — Portraits and Busts. 
 
 'THHE original schoolhouse, erected in the autumn 
 of 1781, stood on the rise of ground, a few rods 
 west of Tan Lane, since named Academy Street. 
 This land is now owned by the Julian heirs. It was a 
 modest frame building, and will be chiefly remembered 
 as the one in which the first Latin lesson was recited, 
 and in which Dr. Abbot began his administration. 
 Afterw^ards this building was moved to the Kingston 
 road, about a mile away, where, remodelled into a farm- 
 house, it was for many years occupied by John T. Gor- 
 don, Esq. Some years ago, in re-laying the floor of the 
 long parlor, the workmen discovered marks of the old 
 benches. It is now oAvned by the estate of the late 
 Benjamin Merrill, and occupied by Mr. James Kent. 
 Like most of the New Hampshire schoolhouses of that 
 period, it was doubtless painted red, and the " old 
 scholars " and new boys may still find patches of this 
 ruddy color near the old side door. How many stern, 
 yet fond, recollections are associated with the little red 
 schoolhouse of our fathers !
 
 THE BUILDINGS. 107 
 
 The second Academy building, erected in 1794, just 
 before the death of the Founder, and under his personal 
 supervision, was located twenty feet to the west of the 
 present structure, and in such a manner that its rear 
 wall rested on the front line of the main part of the 
 present building. 
 
 It was a wooden building, 75 X 36 feet, surmounted 
 by a handsome belfry, and according to a writer of that 
 period was a model of the day. On the first floor, to 
 the left of the front entrance, was the main schoolroom, 
 seating about ninety pupils ; while on the right was a 
 smaller room, occupied by the English department. On 
 the second floor was a spacious hall, used for those ex- 
 hibitions for which the Phillips Exeter Academy was 
 once so famous. Would that some new " revival of 
 learning " might rouse Exeter to emulate those old- 
 time contests ! Then might the graduates of Exeter 
 hope to win Lee prizes, and then might a second Ed- 
 ward Everett be taught to face an audience, and speak 
 brave verses or braver prose. 
 
 William E. Sparks tells us : " Afterwards, when 
 they ceased holding these exhibitions, this large upper 
 hall was used only as a kind of lumber-room, but we 
 boys sometimes got in there to add our names to 
 those already on the woodwork of the hall ; hundreds 
 of names were cut and written all over the old build- 
 ing, many of men well known in after life. I have 
 seen D. W. deeply cut in the bell tower, and it was 
 always believed to have been put there by the great
 
 108 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Webster himself." In the southeastern corner of the 
 building, on the second floor, was the school library, — 
 a room in which many a lad has held a more profita- 
 ble than pleasant interview with the good Dr. Abbot. 
 This reminds us of the little room at Eton College, 
 England, where a few years ago we were shown 
 the rods and whipping-stool of that ancient seat of 
 learning. 
 
 In 1822 the two wings were erected, which, besides 
 affording additional accommodations, added much to 
 the symmetry of the structure. Throughout his admin- 
 istration, Dr. Abbot presided in the main hall, and gave 
 instruction in Latin. It was in this room, also, that 
 morning and evening " prayers " were held, conducted 
 by some one of the instructors in the morning, and 
 always by the Principal at the close of school in tbe 
 evening. For sixteen years, until 1838, Gideon L. 
 Soule, as Professor of Greek, occupied the western 
 wing of this building, while from 1808, throughout 
 this same period, Ebenezer Adams, Hosea Hildreth, 
 John P. Cleaveland, Charles C. P. Gale, Joseph H. 
 Abbot, Francis Bowen, or William H. Shackford had 
 charge of the Mathematical and Philosophical Departs 
 ment, — sometimes called the English Department, — 
 in the eastern room of the main building. 
 
 From 1832 until the destruction of this building, in 
 18/0, Dr. Soule, the Principal, presided in the main 
 hall, while Joseph G. Hoyt and his successor, George 
 A. Wentworth, had charge of the English Department
 
 TFIE BUILDINGS. 109 
 
 in the eastern room. During the same years, Henry 
 French, Nehemiah Cleaveland, Richard W. Swan, Paul 
 A. Chadbourne, Theodore Tibbets, Henry S. Nourse, 
 George C. Sawyer, and Bradbury L. Cilley succeeded 
 one another in the possession of the western wing. 
 The eastern wing was always occupied by the Golden 
 Branch Society, and its library was in daily use by in- 
 structors and pupils. 
 
 About two o'clock on Sunday morning, December 18, 
 1870, the citizens and the students were roused by a 
 cry of fire. Guided by the light of the flames, all hur- 
 ried toward the Academy grounds, and there perceived 
 that the old building, which had received Webster 
 and Sparks and Everett and Hildreth, — yes, and hosts 
 of others, — was in the grasp of the destroyer, fire. 
 Water was scarce and far away, and although the stu- 
 dents and citizens formed in line and passed along 
 buckets of water, and although the fire department did 
 its best, all their exertions were unavailing. By the 
 persistent efforts of the students, some of the furniture 
 and the valuable library of the Golden Branch Society 
 were saved. 
 
 The scene of the fire must have made a lively picture. 
 By the lurid flames, which only made the obscurity of 
 the night more Cimmerian, one could see that the whole 
 yard was in confusion. Through the windows of the 
 eastern wing the boys were passing out the books of 
 the Golden Branch library, while the doorways were 
 blockaded by chairs, desks, and benches. The collapse
 
 110 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 of the belfry and the fall of the heated bell formed the 
 climax of the painful scene. 
 
 Of all those who mourned the loss of the old build- 
 ing none were more deeply pained than the venerable 
 Principal. It is said that, as he looked at the blazing 
 and falling timbers, he wept like a child. Had his own 
 dwelling been destroyed, we doubt if he would have 
 sorrowed as much. The different halls about town 
 were at once engaged, and the work of the Academy 
 was but slightly interrupted. 
 
 The Academy was burned, as we have stated, on the 
 morning of December 18, 1870. On the following 
 Wednesday a circular, recounting both the past influ- 
 ences and the present distress of the institution, was 
 sent to every Alumnus throughout the length and 
 breadth of the land. On Saturday, the 24th, at a 
 meeting of the Alumni held in Boston, the following 
 resolutions were adopted : — 
 
 ^^Resolved, That it is desirable to raise the sum of 
 one hundred thousand dollars, and by a contribution 
 from the Alumni of Exeter Academy, and the other 
 friends of the Academy, to good learning, and to the 
 public welfare, for the uses of the Academy, and espe- 
 cially for the restoration of the building totally destroyed 
 by fire. 
 
 '■'- Resolved, That for the furtherance of the above ob- 
 ject a committee of thirteen Alumni be appointed, to 
 consist of the chairman of this meetinig and twelve other 
 gentlemen, to be appointed by the chair ; also, that this 
 committee have power to fill all vacancies."
 
 THE BUILDINGS. HI 
 
 The committee consisted of the following gentle- 
 men: — 
 
 John G. Palfeet. Rev. Charles Lowe. 
 
 Francis B. Hayes. Ebenezer Bacon. 
 
 Samuel Sewall. Christopher C. Langdell. , 
 
 William Boott. James C. Davis. 
 
 Rev. John H. Morison. Henry Lunt. 
 
 Henry J. Gardner. William E. Sparks. 
 
 Walter A. Baker. 
 
 These appeals were almost instantly answered, the 
 widow of Jared Sparks sending the first contribution. 
 From every side substantial aid was received. One of 
 the Academy's most gifted and loving sons/ hastily 
 penned and sent these unique lines to the Trustees : — 
 
 " Alas ! those dear old classic halls, 
 
 Where all the Muses sat, 
 More loved than old Dardanian walls, 
 
 Amo, amas, amat. 
 How have the flames that laid them low 
 
 New flames within us lit, 
 And set our bosoms all aglow, 
 
 Uro, uris, urit ! 
 
 " From high and by way, far and wide, 
 Let all the builders come, 
 And do good service, side by side. 
 
 Bonus, bona, bonum. 
 With rapid strokes build strong and high 
 The everlasting stone, 
 
 T^TTTW, Tl/TTTW, TllTrTOlfXl, 
 
 Ti^irre, TtjirreLv, tvtttojv," ^ 
 
 1 John B. L. Soule, D. D., Ph. D. 
 
 2 These verses are given in full in the Appendix.
 
 112 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 The money for the new building came from those 
 who needed no exhortation. Old Exeter men never 
 forget the school of their boyhood, and as she nurtured 
 them, so will they ever care for her. Before the snows 
 * of winter had departed, the ground was cleared for a 
 new building, which was completed so that the Class 
 of 1872 had the satisfaction of reciting their last lessons 
 in it. 
 
 The dedication, which took place June 19, 1872, was 
 the scene of a glorious reunion of old friends, teachers, 
 and schoolmates, who came thronging back to meet and 
 greet each other, and to celebrate the completion of 
 Dr. Soule's half-century of faithful service. The Soule 
 Festival, as it was called, has already been more fully 
 referred to in the historical chapters at the beginning 
 of this volume. 
 
 We have been inclined in this country to build only 
 for our own day and generation, and, instead of erecting 
 enduring structures of stone or brick, we have darkened 
 the sky with ghost-like wooden things, — court-houses, 
 school-houses, — which, like the army of Indians who 
 guard the tobacco-shops of our cities, soon become 
 battered and unseemly. 
 
 " Build to-day, then, strong and sure, 
 With a firm and ample base; 
 And ascending and secure 
 
 Shall to-morrow find its place." 
 
 " In the elder days of art," the buildings were erected 
 which to-day receive the students of Eton, Harrow, and
 
 THE BUILDINGS. 113 
 
 Winchester. So, owing to the wisdom of the Trus- 
 tees of the Phillips Exeter Academy, future generar- 
 tions — descendants of the present Exeter students — 
 may go to school in the same building that received 
 their great-great-great-grandfathers. 
 
 The architects of the new school building, Messrs. 
 Peabody and Stearns, of Boston, were directed to repro- 
 duce the old structure as nearly as seemed to them 
 advisable in stone or brick. The result was a building 
 perfect in its proportions and graceful in its outlines, — 
 a building which is said to be one of the most popular 
 and pleasing structures of its kind in America. It is 
 built of pressed brick with trimmings of gray sandstone, 
 and consists of a main building seventy-two feet front 
 by fifty-five feet deep, to which are added two wings 
 having a front of thirty-two feet and a depth of seventy- 
 two feet. The wings have roofs, somewhat of the 
 Mansard style, but more sloping, and having their other- 
 wise severe outlines broken here and there by dormer 
 and gabled windows. 
 
 The main building is covered by a low but graceful 
 hip roof, surmounted by a clock tower and belfry, on 
 which swings a weather vane. The clock was the gift 
 of Jesse Seligman, of New York City, while the bell 
 was furnished by the Class of 1870. 
 
 The gilded weathercock, unlike many of the stu- 
 dents, has had but one attraction for many years, and 
 Exeter lads have watched it in the vain hope of some 
 time seeing it change its direction. The clock, too,
 
 114 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 has played queer freaks, and afforded the tardy stu- 
 dent many a slim excuse. Both vane and clock, we 
 believe, are now performing their proper functions in 
 a most creditable manner. Now, since the vane often 
 indicates approaching storms, the new student will at 
 least be weather-wise, while the clock will warn the 
 tardy Junior to hasten his homeward steps ; vii^ yap 
 epX'e'rat, " for night comes on," says Xenophon. This 
 warning of the old Greek general was printed above 
 the clock of an English school we once knew, and 
 the boys used to speak of it as vv^, or more familarly 
 as "snooks." 
 
 The interior of the school building is admirably ar- 
 ranged. Three hundred pupils may be easily accommo- 
 daled, while another fifty would crowd the rooms to 
 their utmost capacity. 
 
 All the school-rooms^ are on the first floor, conse- 
 quently the students are obliged to climb no stairs to go 
 to their various recitations. 
 
 Each wing contains two convenient recitation-rooms 
 (measuring 36 X 36 and 30 X 25 feet), while the main 
 building contains two others (each measuring 36 X 28 
 feet), besides the corridors, the coat-rooms, and the great 
 stairway leading to the second floor. This stairway is 
 one of the most effective features of the interior. It 
 
 1 Room No. 1 is occupied by Mr. Tufts, Instructor in English, &c. ; 
 Room 2, by Mr. Wentworth, Professor of Mathematics ; Room 3, by 
 Mr. Faulhaber, Instructor in French and German ; Room 4, by Mr. 
 Cilley, Professor of Ancient Languages ; Room 5, by Mr. Kittredge, 
 Instructor in Latin, &c. ; Room 6, by tlie Principal of the SchooL
 
 THE BUILDINGS. 115 
 
 separates at a platform near the base, and by an easy 
 ascent, to the right aud left, one reaches the great hall 
 or lecture-room (measuring 69 X 43 feet), overhung with 
 the huge, dark beams of the open timbered roof. Here 
 hangs Stuart's celebrated portrait of the founder, and 
 portraits of benefactors, Alumni, and former instructors. 
 Here one may gaze on the manly face of Webster, and 
 on those of the historians Hildreth and Bancroft, and 
 of many other Exeter graduates who have become 
 famous, and old students may again look into the 
 faces of much-loved masters now no more. 
 
 In this room the morning religious services are held, 
 but some time we hope some wealthy alumnus will 
 build a handsome stone chapel, and then this room will 
 be only used for lectures and exhibitions. In this 
 room, too, are held the class-day exercises, and here 
 the Athletic Association holds its meetings, and elects 
 the Captain who is to lead Exeter to victory. Here, 
 too, " the school " holds its meetings, on which occa- 
 sions the " head monitor " presides ; at these times 
 memorials and resolutions are adopted, and other school 
 affairs arranged. 
 
 At the end of each school year the dreaded prelimi- 
 nary and final examinations for entrance to Harvard 
 University take place ; at these times the benches give 
 place to long, narrow, well-remembered tables, and the 
 vigilant Cambridge proctor lounges in the chair sacred 
 to the honored head-master. 
 
 On this same floor, in the western wing, are the Ref-
 
 116 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 erence Library and the Laboratory. The former con- 
 tains the volumes collected since the burning of the 
 old library in 1870, and such mementos and relics as 
 the Academy possesses ; the latter contains the appa- 
 ratus used by classes in physics and chemistry. 
 
 In the eastern wing, nearer Abbot Hall, are the 
 rooms of the two literary societies. The Golden 
 Branch, founded in 1818, occupies the side room, while 
 its younger but equally vigorous companion, the G. L. 
 Soule Literary Society, holds its meetings in the front 
 room. Both are furnished with good libraries, and 
 hung with interesting pictures and mementos. In 
 these rooms have occurred well-remembered contests 
 and hard fought battles. 
 
 The building is heated throughout with steam heat, 
 both by direct and indirect radiation from the apparatus 
 located in the cellar. In the cellar is also an apology 
 for a running track, soon to be abandoned, we hope, for 
 a well-appointed gymnasium. 
 
 Abbot Hall, situated just east of the Academy, is a 
 four-story brick building (78 X 42 feet), with a slated 
 gable roof. It was built in 1855 at a cost of about 
 $17,000, and named to commemorate the services of 
 the much-loved Dr. Abbot. This building contains 
 twenty-six large, well-ventilated rooms, most of them 
 containing an alcove (71 X 0| feet), which in the day- 
 time may be shut off from the study by curtains. 
 
 These rooms are partly furnished by the Corporation,
 
 GORHAM HALL. 
 
 ^?^^ 
 
 ABBOT HALL.
 
 THE BUILDINGS. 117 
 
 and accommodate fully fifty students. On the ground 
 floor are the kitchens and dining-room, all under the 
 charge of a competent matron, who lives in the building. 
 
 GoRHAM Hall is a four-story brick building, situ- 
 ated on the corner of Court and Front Streets. It is 
 on the same site on which, in 1837, the daughters of 
 Captain Samuel Oilman built a hotel, named the 
 Swamscot House. In 1850 this building was de- 
 stroyed by fire. In 1851, Major A. P. Blake built the 
 present structure, which was also called the Swamscot 
 House and used as a hotel. In 1872 it was purchased 
 for a dormitory by the Trustees of the Academy, and 
 renamed in honor of David W. Oorham, M. D., one of 
 the Board at that time. 
 
 POKTRAITS AND BUSTS. 
 
 In the Chapel of the Academy there is a collection 
 of portraits and busts, that have been presented to the 
 institution largely through the agency of Hon. B. F. 
 Prescott, a former member of the school. Most of 
 these represent former teachers. Trustees, donors, or 
 pupils. A list of these is here given. 
 
 Benjamin Abbot. An original portrait painted by Chester 
 Harding. Presented in 1838, hj the Ahimni. 
 
 George Bancroft. An original portrait by Schaus of Berlin. 
 Presented by Mr. Bancroft. 
 
 JosiAH Bartlett, one of the signers of the Declaration of 
 Independence, A copy after Trumbull, by E. Billings, of
 
 118 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Boston. Presented by Josiah Calef Bartlett, of Cambridge, 
 Mass. 
 
 Petek C. Brooks. An original portrait by J. Harvey Young. 
 Presented to the Academy by Mr. Brooks. 
 
 Rev, Charles Burroughs. Copy of an original portrait by 
 E. Billings, by the same artist. Presented to the Academy 
 by Mrs. Burroughs. 
 
 Benjamin F. Butler. A medallion in marble, by Andrews 
 of Lowell, Mass. Presented to the Academy by General 
 Butler. 
 
 Lewis Cass. An original portrait by Healey, in a standing 
 posture, two-thirds length. Presented to the Academy by 
 the children of General Cass. 
 
 Paul A. Chadbourne. An original portrait by J. G. Fletcher. 
 Presented to the Academy by President Chadbourne. 
 
 Daniel Dana. An original portrait by Thomas A. Lawson, 
 and copy by same artist. Presented to the Academy by 
 Miss Jane Dana, of Derry, N. H., a daughter. 
 
 John A. Dix. A marble bust, presented to the Academy by 
 himself. The bust was chiselled when General Dix was 
 United States Minister to France. 
 
 Nicholas Emery. An original portrait by H. C. Pratt ; copy 
 by J. G. Fletcher, of Portland, Me. Presented to the Acad- 
 emy by Mrs. L. G. S. Boyd and Miss Charlotte G. Emery, 
 of Portland, daughters of Judge Emery. 
 
 Edward Everett. An original portrait by J. Harvey Young. 
 Copy made by same artist, and presented to the Academy by 
 Peter C. Brooks., Esq., of Boston, Mass. 
 
 John Taylor Gilman. Plaster cast. Presented by a mem- 
 ber of the family. 
 
 John P. Hale. An original portrait by Adna Tenney. Pre- 
 sented to the Academy by the Hon. and Mrs. Moses T. 
 Willard of Concord, N. H. 
 
 Samuel Hale. Presented to the Academy by his family. An 
 original portrait by his daughter. Miss Martha Hale. 
 
 Joseph G. Hoyt. An original portrait by Adna Tenney. 
 Presented to the Academy by friends and pupils of Chancel- 
 lor Hoyt.
 
 TEE BUILDINGS. 119 
 
 Richard Hildreth. A copy, by U. D. Tenney, of an 
 original crayon. Presented by Dr. Cliarles II. Hildreth, of 
 Gloucester, Mass., a brother. 
 
 John Kelley. An original portrait by N. B. Onthank. Pre- 
 sented to the Academy by the family of Judge Kelley. 
 
 Theodore Lyman. A marble bust, presented by Theodore 
 Lyman and Mrs. Cora H. Shaw, of Boston, children of 
 Theodore Lyman. 
 
 WooDBRiDGE Odlin. An original portrait painted by U. D 
 Tenney. 
 
 Samuel D. Parker. An original portrait by Thomas Ball. 
 Presented to the Academy by Mr. Parker. 
 
 Kev. William B. O. Peabody. An original portrait by 
 Chester Harding. Presented to the Academy by O. W. 
 Peabody, Esq., of Boston, Mass., his son. 
 
 John Phillips, the Founder. Full length, in sitting posture ; 
 the head an original by Gilbert Stuart ; copy by Adna 
 Tenney. Presented to the Academy by Messrs. E. and E. G. 
 Wallace, of Rochester, N. H. 
 
 Hon. Samuel Phillips, and Lieut. -Gov. Samuel Phillips. 
 Presented to the Academy by the Phillips family of Andover, 
 Mass. The former is a copy ; the latter is an original paint- 
 ing, and was designed for the Lee family of Virginia, but 
 from some cause never reached them. 
 
 Joshua W. Pierce. A copy by U. D. Tenney of an original 
 portrait by the same artist. Presented by the family of 
 Mr. Pierce. 
 
 Leverett Saltonstall. a copy, by Osgood of Salem, of 
 an original portrait by Chester Harding. Presented to the 
 Academy by Leverett Saltonstall, Esq., his son. 
 
 John Langdon Sibley. An original portrait painted by 
 Fred. P. Vinton. 
 
 Jeremiah Smith. An original portrait by Alexander ; copy 
 by Adna Tenney. Presented to the Academy by Mrs. Jere- 
 miah Smith, and the Hon. Jeremiah Smith, his son. 
 
 Gideon L. Soule. An original portrait by Porter. 
 
 Jared Sparks. A plaster cast. Presented to the Academy by 
 Mrs. Sparks.
 
 120 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Rev. Theodore Teijbets. An original portrait by Adna 
 Tenney. Presented to the Academy by the relatives of Mr. 
 Tebbets. 
 
 Aaio3 Tuck. An original portrait by Ansel D. Clough. 
 Presented to the Academy by his sou, Edward Tuck, Esq., 
 of New York City. 
 
 James Walker. A crayon portrait, presented by pupils of 
 Dr. Walker. 
 
 Daniel Webster. An original portrait, three-fourths length, 
 in a standing posture, by Joseph Ames. Presented to the 
 Academy by the " Marshfield Club." 
 
 Henry Winkley. An original portrait painted by B. Uhle. 
 
 Rev. Augustus Woodijury. An original portrait by Miss 
 Rosa F. Peckham, of Providence, and a present to the insti- 
 tution by ^Ii-. Woodbury. 
 
 TONGUE OF OLD BELL. 
 [Purloined by the Class of 1870, before the burning of the old building.]
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 GOVERNMENT. 
 
 Act of Incorporation. — Constitution. — Faculty. — 
 Monitors. — Punishments. 
 
 "O Y the act of incorporation, the government of 
 -^ the institution is vested in a Board of Trustees, 
 which forms a body politic by the name of " The Trus- 
 tees of the PhiUips Exeter Academy." This act de- 
 clares that the school is established " for the purpose 
 of promoting piety and virtue, and for the education of 
 youth in the English, Latin, and Greek languages, in 
 writing, arithmetic, music, and the art of speaking, 
 practical geometry, logic, and geography, and such 
 other of the liberal arts and sciences or languages as 
 opportunity may hereafter permit." 
 
 By this act the Trustees are made the " true and 
 sole visitors, trustees, and governors of the Academy," 
 in perpetual succession forever. It moreover gives to 
 them full power to elect such officers, and make such 
 rules and laws, as they deem requisite for the good gov- 
 ernment of the Academy ; and, after providing certain 
 rules for the government of the Trustees themselves, it 
 declares that, by a vote of two thirds of all the Trustees, 
 the Academy may, " for good and substantial reasons,"
 
 122 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 be moved to any other place within the State. Finally, 
 it declares that all the property of the Academy shall 
 be forever free from all taxes whatsoever. 
 
 The entire text of this liberal act of the good old 
 " Granite State " will be found in the Appendix, to- 
 gether with that other celebrated document, written by 
 the Fomidcr himself, ^^z. : — 
 
 THE CONSTITUTION. 
 
 The Constitution first declares that the school is 
 established more especially to teach young men ''the 
 great end and real business of living " ; and, continu- 
 ing, provides for the safety of the funds and the gov- 
 ernment of the school, making rules for the guidance of 
 the Trustees, instructors, and students. The officers of 
 the trust thus established are a President, a Clerk, and 
 a Treasurer ; and their duties are clearly and minutely 
 defined. Since the Trustees are to be the custodians 
 of a public fund, the Founder wisely pro\'ides that the 
 records of their meetings, and the accounts of all gifts 
 and expenditures, shall he open "for the perusal of all 
 men" If a candidate for election is as near related as 
 first-cousin to any member of the Board, such member 
 is not to sit in determining the election. By such wise 
 provisions did the Founder guard against any perversion 
 of the trust. It states that the Principal must be a 
 man of exemplary manners, good natural ability and 
 literary acquirements, and that he must have a natural 
 aptitude for the instruction and government of boys.
 
 GOVERNMENT. 123 
 
 He must also indorse the religious sentiments expressed 
 in the Constitution, and be a church-member. 
 
 The instructors are to be chosen by the Trustees, re- 
 gardless of position, birth, place of education or resi- 
 dence, and no preference is to be given to any friend or 
 relative, — another safeguard. 
 
 The Trustees are required to observe the conduct of 
 the instructors, and to remove one or all, if unfit to con- 
 tinue in office ; to determine for what reasons a scholar 
 shall be expelled, and the manner in which the sentence 
 shall be administered ; to visit the school annually, and 
 examine into the proficiency of the students. 
 
 The instructors are to make it a " principal duty to 
 regulate the tempers, enlarge the minds, and form the 
 morals of the youth committed to their care." They 
 are also to pay especial attention to the health of the 
 students, and urge them to be industrious. One of the 
 most celebrated portions declares " that though good- 
 ness without knowledge, as it respects others, is weak 
 and feeble, yet knowledge Avithout goodness is danger- 
 ous ; and that both united form the noblest character, 
 and lay the surest foundation of usefulness to man- 
 kind." The instructors are therefore directed to point 
 out to the pupils under their charge the beauties of 
 virtue and the evils of vice, and to impress them with 
 the truths of the Bible. 
 
 Although the school is open to all sects and races, 
 yet it is declared that the Trustees and instructors must 
 be Protestants ; they must also approve the Constitu-
 
 124 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 tion, and uphold it steadily, cordially, and vigorously. 
 It declares that no studcfnt shall enjoy the privilege of 
 the Academy who shall board in any family not licensed 
 by the Trustees, and that none but well-governed Chris- 
 tian families are to be licensed. 
 
 The Principal of the Academy and his associates 
 form what is known as 
 
 THE FACULTY. 
 
 Tliis body is secondary to the Board of Trustees, and 
 receives its power from it. The Faculty, although a 
 terror to evil-doers, form a most beneficent body. They 
 execute the rules, and are the guardians as well as 
 teachers of the young men who come under their care. 
 By provision of the Constitution, however, the rules 
 and regulations which the instructors may make are 
 subject to the examination of the Trustees, and may be 
 amended or abolished by them. The business meetings 
 of the Faculty occur once a week. 
 
 THE MONITORS 
 
 are selected by the Faculty from the students them- 
 selves. Each class has its monitor, whose duty is to 
 keep order in the class-room during the absence of the 
 instructor. There is a monitor, too, for each church, 
 who marks and reports all absentees, and who, like the 
 class monitors, may give " notes." The chapel monitor, 
 during morning prayers, sits, with the monitor of the 
 school, on a platform in the rear of the great hall in
 
 GOVERNMENT. 125 
 
 wliich the exercises are conducted ; he marks all ab- 
 sentees, and reports them each week to the Principal. 
 The school monitor receives the reports of the class 
 monitors, and presents them to tlie Principal ; he also, 
 in the absence of a President of the School, presides at 
 all School meetings. 
 
 The officers of Abbot Hall consist of a President, 
 Vice-President, and Steward. The President and Vice- 
 President act as monitors, and are expected to maintain 
 order within the building : the former has first choice 
 of rooms, and pays no rent ; while the latter also has a 
 choice of rooms. The Steward receives all moneys for 
 board, and buys all provisions for the table ; his accounts 
 are examined by an auditor chosen from each class. 
 For his services the price of his board is remitted. All 
 these officers are approved by one of the Professors, 
 who has the charge of both Abbot and Gorham Halls. 
 At Gorham Hall the President and Vice-President are 
 chosen by the boys li\ang there, while a monitor for 
 each floor is appointed in the same manner as are the 
 officers of Abbot Hall. 
 
 PUNISHMENTS. 
 
 Corporal punishment no longer exists in the school. 
 The three grades of admonition, suspension, and ex- 
 pulsion are in vogue as at Cambridge. If a boy is 
 known to exert a bad influence among his schoolmates, 
 he is simply " removed " by his parents, in accordance
 
 12C THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 with the advice of the Principal. For minor oftcnees 
 the monitors and instructors give " notes." In that 
 case, the boy is required to clean the boards in one of 
 the class-rooms, or perhaps to sweep the floors during 
 one week. He may, however, if he likes, pay some one 
 to do it for him. A " capital letter " is supposed to be 
 equal to three notes, and is considered a great disgrace. 
 Sometimes " lines " and other tasks grieve the delin- 
 quent " Preps," and sometimes they are even ordered to 
 " come up to my house at six to-moiTow morning with 
 this lesson fully prepared." We well remember one of 
 those early recitations. It was a bright spring morning, 
 and the august Professor of Latin was raking his little 
 la^vn. We waited at a convenient corner, — the gather- 
 ing-place appointed for the clan, — and students could 
 soon be seen assembling from all directions. Union is 
 strength, and in a body we walked to the gate of that 
 loved, yet fearful man. " What are you here for, young 
 men ? " " You told us to call and recite the lesson we 
 foiled in yesterday, sir." "■ Well, do you know it now?" 
 " Yes, sir," in a chorus. " Well, then, hurry home and 
 get your breakfast." We did hurry home, and, relieved 
 at our unexpected escape, and full of love for our 
 kind teacher, we determined to repay him with better 
 lessons in the future. 
 
 The few necessary rules, which require punctual at- 
 tendance, thoroughly prepared lessons, quiet during 
 study hours, gentlemanly deportment, the shunning of 
 vice and idleness, are so clearly understood to be neces-
 
 GO VERNMENT. \ 27 
 
 sary, and the public sentiment of the school is so strong 
 in upholding them, that any young man who violates 
 them finds himself in an uncomfortable position among 
 the students themselves, and also that the Facidty are 
 prompt to remove any real offenders. 
 
 In conclusion, we would say that the members of the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy are, in the main, governed 
 wisely and well. Though constant vigilance is main- 
 tained, no secret spies are employed, and the young man 
 soon discovers that he is trusted. The result is mani- 
 fest : teachers and pupils work together, both alike are 
 interested in maintaining good order, and " rebellions " 
 are unknown. The boys are thus taught to become in- 
 dependent and manly American gentlemen ; and when 
 they go forth from the protection of Exeter Academy, 
 they are, let us hope, well fitted to become true citi- 
 zens, full of high purposes, Christian truth, and ardent 
 patriotism.
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 Alumni. — Daniel Webster. — Edward Everett. — 
 Lewis Cass. — John P. Hale. — Benjamin F. 
 Prescott. — Robert T. Lincoln. 
 
 " Young art thou still, and young shalt ever be 
 
 In spirit as thou wast in years gone by ; 
 The present, past, and future blend in thee, 
 
 Rich as thou art in names which cannot die ! 
 
 And youthful hearts already beating high 
 To emulate the glories won of yore, 
 
 That days to come may still the past outvie, 
 And thy bright roll be lengthened more and more 
 Of statesman, bard, and sage well versed in noblest lore." 
 
 I 
 
 N this chapter and those immediately following we 
 have attempted to form a group of Exeterians 
 
 " Who 've battled in our Congress' stately walls, 
 Or labored long in Education's halls, — 
 
 Great Webster on my left, and Everett, Cass," 
 
 and many others who have become more or less cele- 
 brated. In making this collection of biographical 
 sketches we have but selected the names of a few of 
 those who have become most distinguished in after life. 
 A complete list of the divines, statesmen, jurists, men 
 of letters, warriors, and others, who received their ear- 
 liest intellectual training at Exeter, would far exceed 
 the limits of this work.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 129 
 
 DANIEL WEBSTER. 
 
 Daniel Webster, the soil of Ebenezer Webster 
 and Abigail Eastman (a lady both beautiful and of su- 
 perior intellect), was born January 18, 1782, in Salisbury, 
 N. H., in a log-house situated on the borders of the 
 pathless wilderness. Until he reached the age of ten, 
 his health was delicate. His tender mother, however, 
 taught him the letters of the alphabet ; she also taught 
 him to read, and impressed on him, while still a child, 
 the vital truths of the Bible. The first copy of that 
 book he ever owned was given to him by his mother. 
 His first schoolmaster was Mr. Tappan, who taught the 
 district school three miles away. This good man soon 
 perceived the remarkable abilities of the lad, and ad- 
 vised his father to give him the advantages of a college 
 education. Daniel Webster never forgot his old teacher, 
 and in later years, when he had become a great lawyer 
 and senator, " Master Tappan " received many affection- 
 ate letters and gifts from his former pupil. For many 
 months the father thought of the schoolmaster's advice, 
 and although very poor he was not insensible to the 
 advantages to be derived from education, as will be seen 
 from the following extract from one of Webster's letters, 
 written long years after. He says he was making hay 
 with his father, and continues : — 
 
 « The Hon. Abiel Foster, M. C, who lived in Canter- 
 bury, six miles off, called at the house, and came into the 
 field to see my father. . . . When he was gone, my 
 father called me to him, and we sat down beneath the 
 
 9
 
 130 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 elm, on a haycock. He said, 'My son, that is a worthy 
 man. He is a membei- of Congress. He goes to Phila- 
 delphia and gets six dollars a day, while I toil here. It is 
 because he had an education, which I never had. If I had 
 had his early education I should have been in his place in 
 Philadelphia. I came near it, as it was ; but I missed it, 
 and now I must work here.' ' My dear father,' said I, 
 ' you shall not work : brother and I will work for you and 
 wear our hands out, and you shall rest,' — and I remem- 
 ber to have cried, and I cry now at the recollection. 
 * My child,' said he, ' it is of no importance to me ; I now 
 live but for my children ; I could not give your elder 
 brother the advantages of knowledge, but I can do some- 
 thing for you. Exert yourself ! Improve your opportu- 
 nities ! Learn ! Learn ! — and when I am gone you will 
 not need to go through the hardships which I have under- 
 gone, and which have made me an old man before my 
 time.' The next May he took me to Exeter, to the Phil- 
 lips Exeter Academy, and placed me under the tuition of 
 its excellent Preceptor, Dr. Benjamin Abbot, who is still 
 living." 
 
 And thus, at the age of fourteen, Webster came to 
 the Phillips Exeter Academy, where for nine months he 
 received the instruction and counsel of Dr. Benjamin 
 Abbot. 
 
 His father found a home for him, among a number of 
 other students, in the family of old " 'Squire Clifford," 
 as he was always called, and on leaving it is said that 
 among other requests he begged the good 'Squire to 
 teach his son how to hold his knife and fork ; " for," 
 remarked Mr. Webster, " Daniel knows no more about
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 131 
 
 it than a cow does about holding a spade." None saw 
 this more clearly than Mr. Clifford, for, when not using 
 his knife and fork, the boy was accustomed to hold them 
 upright in his fists on either side of his plate. Daniel 
 was a bashful boy of delicate feelings ; and the 'Squire 
 feared to wound his feelings by speaking to him directly 
 on the subject. So he called aside one of the other 
 students with whom he had been longer acquainted, and 
 told him his dilemma. " Now," said he, " I want you 
 this noon, at the table, to hold your knife and fork as 
 Daniel does. I will speak to you about it, and see if 
 the boy does not take a hint for himself." The lad con- 
 sented to be the scapegoat for his fellow-student, and 
 several times during the meal planted his fists on the 
 table with his knife and fork straight up, as if he had 
 received orders to present arms. The 'Squire drew his 
 attention to his position, and courteously begged his 
 pardon for speaking of the matter ; then added a few 
 kind words on the importance of having young men 
 correct such little habits before going out into the world. 
 The student was almost bursting with laughter, yet he 
 soberly thanked the 'Squire, and promised to do better. 
 Daniel from that time was most careful about his table 
 manners. 
 
 Dr. Abbot also taught him lessons found in no book 
 of that day, and the good master is said to have 
 often sent Webster down to Kimming's Brook to 
 wash his face and hands. This same brook still flows 
 at the base of the hill just in the rear of the Academy,
 
 132 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 but it is now somewhat smaller, and its waters are far 
 less clear than at that time. 'Squire Clifford's dwelling, 
 where Webster boarded when at school in Exeter, is the 
 "old Garrison house," still standing, near the white 
 bridge. One may still see the room in which many a 
 day he is said to have worked at the carpenter's bench. 
 Three days after Webster entered the Academy, he 
 returned to his boarding-house in a most dejected mood, 
 and said that the city boys were constantly laughing at 
 him because he was at the foot of his class, and came 
 fi'om the " backwoods." Mr. Nicholas Emery, then an 
 assistant tutor in the Academy, heard of his trouble, 
 and, having especial charge of Webster's class, treated 
 him with marked kindness. He urged him to think of 
 nothing but his books, assuring him that, if he did this, 
 all would come out right. Did Webster heed this ad- 
 vice ? Listen ! At the end of the next quarter, Mr. 
 Emery marshalled the class in a line, and, taking Webster 
 by the hand, led him to the head, telling the class that 
 this was Webster's proper position. The class had sus- 
 pected this for several days ; nevertheless, the boys who 
 had taunted him were surprised and chagrined. This 
 triumph greatly encouraged Webster. He did not doubt 
 that many of his classmates were equal, if not superior, 
 to him in scholarship, but he resolved that, if study 
 could do anything for him, he would continue to try his 
 best. As the end of the second quarter approached, 
 although he had worked hard, he grew anxious about 
 the result.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 133 
 
 When tlie day arrived, the class was called out as 
 before, and Mr. Emery, standing before them, broke 
 the silence by these words : " Daniel Webster, gather 
 up your books and take down your cap ! " The boy 
 was stunned, fearing he was about to be expelled, and 
 sorely troubled, not knowing the cause of his calamity. 
 Mr. Emery soon dispelled the illusion, for, continuing, 
 he said, " Now, sir, you will please report to the teacher 
 of the next class ; and you, young gentlemen, will take 
 an affectionate leave of your classmate, for you will 
 never see him again." That teacher became a man of 
 distinction, and was ever a friend of his illustrious and 
 fortunate pupil. In the class of this same Mr. Emery, 
 Webster mastered the principles of the English gram- 
 mar in less than four months, and upon his promotion 
 began the study of Latin, and recited his first lessons in 
 that language to Joseph S. Buckminster, the great 
 Biblical scholar, whose early death was so lamented. 
 Although Webster did well in his studies here, it is 
 well known that he could not, by any appeal, be in- 
 duced to declaim in the presence of his schoolmates. 
 When the day arrived upon which his class was to 
 speak, although the boy had learned his speech, and 
 keenly felt the mortification of his position, yet, when 
 his name was called, he seemed utterly incapable of ris- 
 ing from his seat. He says of this incident, " When 
 the exercises were over, I went home and wept bitter 
 tears of mortification." 
 
 When we consider the address, the rare diction, and
 
 134 TUB PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 the matchless eloquence of his later years, — how he 
 graced the halls of Dartmouth, the courts of justice, 
 and the halls of national legislation, — we can but turn 
 to that other picture, and wonder at the poor, trembling 
 lad, shrinking beneath the gaze of his mates from his 
 appointed task. 
 
 After leaving school, Webster was placed in charge of 
 the Rev. Samuel Wood, a neighboring clergyman. This 
 gentleman will always be gratefully remembered, since, 
 free of any charge, he prepared young Webster for 
 Dartmouth College, which he entered in 1797, one year 
 after lea^^ng Exeter. 
 
 Daniel read Virgil and Cicero, and was warmed by 
 the latter to a love for oratory, which never afterwards 
 failed him. At Dartmouth, he earned his way by teach- 
 ing during the winter months. The expenses of his 
 Junior year he paid by superintending the publication 
 of the small weekly newspaper of the town. He also 
 was paid for delivering the Fourth of July oration 
 before the people of Hanover. So it seems that the 
 " bitter tears of mortification " of but four years before 
 were not shed in vain. At graduation he took no part, 
 owing to a disputed election, but delivered before the 
 foremost College society a stirring address on " The In- 
 fluence of Opinion." Although not ranking first, Web- 
 ster was acknowledged to be the leading man in his 
 class. He excelled in the classics, in history, and in 
 literature. He was fond, too, of athletic sports, and 
 throughout his life enjoyed hunting and fishing. But
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 135 
 
 the promise made to his father in the hay-field was never 
 forgotten. He had resolved to succeed, and allowed 
 nothing to interfere with the accomplishment of that 
 purpose. 
 
 Many interesting anecdotes are related of him. One 
 day, as he was entertaining one of the Gilmans, of Exe- 
 ter, at dinner, Webster asked, " Is that old sign still 
 hanging on your gristmill, Mr. Oilman ? " — " What sign 
 do you mean ? " — " Why, the one that read, ' All sorts 
 of grinding done here,' " replied ]Mr. Webster. He 
 evidently remembered the "grinding" that he did at 
 Exeter. 
 
 It is said that he planted the second elm in " Tan 
 Lane " (now Academy Street), which one sees on his 
 left upon entering fi-om Front Street the west gate of 
 the Academy yard. The first one was planted by his 
 friend, Lewis Cass. 
 
 Throughout his life his connection with the Academy 
 was most happy. As a Trustee he was efl&cient, 
 thoughtful, and accurate. 
 
 An " old scholar," ^ writing to us, says : — 
 
 " Some persons have questioned whether Daniel Web- 
 ster ever looked so elegant as he is represented in one of 
 the capital steel engravings in Curtis's Life of the great 
 statesman. But the picture looks just as Webster did, 
 when, in 1836, as an honored Trustee of the Academy, 
 he assisted the venerable Dr. Abbot at our final exami- 
 nations in Latin. The ch'cumstances of that day have 
 
 1 Edmund Chadwick, Esq.
 
 136 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 caused me to remember exactly how he looked then, — 
 very different from his plain, homespun appearance when 
 he came from the backwoods to Exeter as a student, just 
 forty years before. He had now been out of college 
 tliirty-five years, and had led a busy life as teacher, states- 
 man, lawyer, hunter, and farmer. It was five years after 
 his great debate with llayne. He was fifty-four years of 
 age, and at the very zenith of his powers as a lawyer, 
 orator, and statesman. One would think it was high 
 time he had forgotten all his Latin ; but, luckily, he 
 had not. 
 
 "I nearly trembled as Dr. Abbot said, 'Mr. Webster, 
 Chadwick has read the whole of Virgil,' and the great 
 constitutional lawyer selected a passage, not in the ^neid, 
 but in the Georgics, to try my skill. Turning to the 
 place, the venerable Doctor says, ' Scan ! ' At the third 
 or fourth line he shakes his big head, — 'Wrong! scan 
 that line over again.' I tried the line again and again, 
 with the same result, — * Wrong, wrong ! ' What shall I 
 do? The Doctor never helps a student at recitation. 
 Will he tell me to construe, translate, or send me 
 crestfallen to my seat ? Awful moment ! To be so 
 disgraced, in such a presence ! But, mirabile dictn, Mr. 
 Webster lifts his keen, black eyes from his book, and says 
 to Doctor Abbot, ' I think he is right, sir.' Presto ! Dr. 
 Abbot's big head comes down; he and Mr. Webster 
 compare books. All is courtesy. ' Go on ! you are right, 
 sir. It was only a difference in our books.' Never had 
 the illustrious Webster a more grateful client than the 
 humble pupil then before him. Thanks that he had 
 remembered how to ' scan ' ! All honor to the great 
 teacher, Dr. Abbot, and to his greatest pupil, Daniel 
 Webster ! "
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 137 
 
 111 1834 Daniel Webster sent his son Edward to the 
 Academy at Exeter, in order that he might be instructed 
 by the same teacher who nearly forty years before had 
 taught himself, then poor and almost friendless. How 
 different his condition now 1 It was near the close of 
 an unusually busy season, and fully occupied with the 
 duties of state, Mr. Webster was obliged to send the 
 boy in the care of an elder brother. The first letter 
 Mr. Webster wrote to Edward is so interesting, and 
 so full of good advice, that we cannot forbear quoting 
 it here. 
 
 " Washington, June 23, 1834. 
 "My dear Sok; — 
 
 " Fletcher wrote me from Exeter the next day after 
 your arrival, and informed me that you had been so for- 
 tunate as to be received at Colonel Chadvvick's, and Avas 
 commencing your studies. I am glad you are so well sit- 
 uated, and trust you will make progress in your studies. 
 
 "You are now at a most imjiortant period of your life, 
 my dear son, soon growing up to be a young man and a 
 boy no longer, and I feel a great anxiety for your success 
 and happiness. 
 
 "I beseech you to be attentive to all your duties, and 
 to fulfil every obligation with cheerfulness and punctu- 
 ality. Above all, remember your moral and religious 
 concerns. Be constant at church, and prayers, and every 
 opportunity for worshij). There can be no solid character 
 and no true happiness which are not founded on a sense 
 of religious duty. Avoid all evil company and every 
 temptation, and consider that you have now left your 
 father's house and gone forth to improve your own char-
 
 138 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 acter, — to prepare your own mind for the part you are to 
 lead in life. All that can be done for you by others will 
 amount to nothing unless you do much for yourself. 
 Cherish all the good counsel which your dear mother 
 used to give you, and let those of us who are yet alive 
 have the pleasure of seeing you come forward as one who 
 gives promise of virtue, usefulness, and distinction. I 
 fervently commend you to the blessing of our Heavenly 
 Father. 
 
 " I wish you to make my best respects to Dr. Abbot, 
 and remember me to Colonel and Mrs. Chadwick and 
 their family. If I do not hear from you sooner, I shall 
 expect to find a letter from you when I reach Boston. 
 " Your affectionate father, 
 
 "Daniel Webstek. 
 
 "P. S. Since writing this I have received your letter, 
 and am very glad to hear from you. 
 
 " Give my love to your friend Upham. I remember 
 the great tree, and know exactly where your room is. 
 Charles sends love." 
 
 In 1838, Mr. Webster presided at the "Abbot Festi- 
 val," and " led the way in the hearty and eloquent 
 expression of the sentiments entertained by the whole 
 assemblage toward his and their old master." He also 
 presented the elegant silver vase given to the venerable 
 teacher by his former pupils, " as a token of their love 
 and abiding reverence." 
 
 The follomng letter was written by him, a few 
 months before his death, to tlie pupils of the PhUlips
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 139 
 
 Exeter Academy. The original has been framed, and 
 hangs in the rooms of the Golden Branch Society, at 
 Exeter. 
 
 "Washington, June 7, 1852. 
 " To the pupils of Phillips Exeter Academy, an elder 
 brother student presents these copies of an address lately 
 delivered by him, in New York. My Brothers, let us do 
 honor to the Founder of our Academy ! Let us cherish, 
 affectionately, the memory of the venerable and beloved 
 Benjamin Abbot ! And let us labor to repay to the cause 
 of learning what a most excellent institution for learning 
 has done for us! 
 
 " My Brothers, farewell ! 
 
 " Daniel Webster." 
 
 From 1835 until the time of his death, in 1852, he 
 was one of the Trustees of the school, and delighted 
 in doing his share of the work. He died full of years 
 and honors. His last words were, " I still live ! " 
 
 Yes, Daniel Webster does live, and as long as young 
 Americans throng the classic halls of Exeter his name 
 shall be honored and revered as that of an "elder 
 brother," and until all records of this nation be lost 
 shall he live in the affections of a grateful people. 
 His fame is immortal, — his reward, immortality. 
 
 EDWARD EVERETT. 
 
 Edward Everett was born in Dorchester, Massa- 
 chusetts, April 11, 1794. In 1807 he spent a few months 
 at the Phillips Exeter Academy, and under the tuition 
 of Dr. Abbot and his own brother finished his prepara-
 
 140 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 tion for Harvard College. From Harvard he was grad- 
 uated with the highest honoi*s at the age of seventeen. 
 Two years later, he became the pastor of the Brattle 
 Street Church, Boston, and there his eloquence soon 
 attracted marked attention. 
 
 In 1814 Mr. Everett, having been appointed Eliot 
 Professor of Greek at Cambridge, went abroad, in order 
 to enjoy the advantages of foreign travel. At the 
 University of Gottingen he spent two years, besides 
 visiting many other seats of learning, and enjoying the 
 society of the most noted men of the time. He was 
 abroad four years. 
 
 INIr. Everett was one of the first editors of the North 
 American Re^dew, and held that position for two years. 
 He afterwards developed a taste for political affiiirs, 
 and was ten years a member of Congress. In 1834 he 
 declined a re-election, and was chosen Governor of his 
 native State, in which office he served four terms. He 
 was appointed jNIiuister to the Court of St. James by 
 President Harrison, and four years later became Presi- 
 dent of Harvard University. The duties of this latter 
 position, however, proved irksome, and at the end of 
 three years he resigned. 
 
 In 1852 he was appointed Secretary of State by 
 President Fillmore, to fill the vacancy caused by the 
 death of Daniel Webster. 
 
 The next year he was elected a member of the United 
 States Senate, but soon resigned the office on account 
 of impaired health. He died on January 15, 1865.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 141 
 
 Who may criticise the character of such a man ? If 
 Edward Everett possessed rare powers, the cultivation 
 they received, and the use which he made of them, 
 were rarer still. He was, without doubt, marked out 
 for a scholar, but it was himself that did the carvins:. 
 With him, to live was to conquer. His tastes and 
 habits gradually changed as he grew older, and devel- 
 oped latent powers ; and so it was the most natural 
 thing in the world, that at different periods of his life 
 he should have been preacher, essayist, professor, editor, 
 statesman, and diplomatist. 
 
 Daniel Webster and Edward Everett have been 
 happily referred to by one who well knew them both, 
 as the Demosthenes and Cicero of the American 
 forum. The orations of Everett differ greatly from 
 those of Webster, and it would be interesting, if we 
 had the space at our command, to trace this difference. 
 The orations of Mr. Everett covered a great variety of 
 subjects, but in each he seems equally at home. They 
 were carefully prepared, and are most polished and 
 exhaustive productions. Although they rarely startle, 
 they always delight. His preparation did not cease 
 with .composition, but his voice was made to sympathize 
 with his subject ; his gestures were perfect, and his 
 cadences musical ; thus he held the entire attention of 
 his audience. 
 
 JNIr. Everett was not entirely fortunate in the latter 
 part of his political career, ft was just before the Re- 
 bellion, and the wheels of progress were smoking with
 
 142 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 the intense friction of the times. Like a kaleidoscope, 
 the political complexion was ever changing, and events 
 moved too fast for him. He was too conservative, too 
 stoical, too refined. His smoothly turned sentences 
 seemed tame, and, Avhere downright forcible Saxon 
 might have won, were ineffectual. 
 
 Edward Everett, however, was a glorious man, and 
 ri^dit gloriously did he work out the life which God had 
 given to him. Each minute he was submissive to the 
 truth as he then knew it, in order that in the next he 
 might enter into fuller knowledge. 
 
 Thus he lived, progressed, and lived again. Boston 
 is proud of him; Massachusetts reveres him; the whole 
 country claims him. 
 
 LEWIS CASS. 
 
 It is much to be regretted that Ifttle can be found 
 relating to the connection of General Cass with the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy ; for, without doubt, there 
 have been few of its Alumni who have risen as high 
 among their fellow-men, and have acquired as great 
 fame Avith either sword or pen. 
 
 Lewis Cass was born in Exeter, New Hampshire, 
 October 9, 1782, and thus enjoyed by birthright, as it 
 were, the great advantages of the Academy of that 
 town. His parents were of the old Puritan stock of 
 New England. His father, Jonathan Cass, was "a man 
 of strong natural powers, and of great purity of pur- 
 pose, — one of that band of patriots who were born for
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 143 
 
 the time in which they lived." He served his country 
 faithfully during the war of the Revolution, and was 
 present at Lexington, Bunker Hill, and other mipor- 
 tant battles. 
 
 Lewis entered the Academy in 1792, at the age of 
 ten years. Here he pursued his studies with great dili- 
 gence and considerable success, standing well in his 
 class, and applying himself diligently to the acquire- 
 ment of knowledge throughout his course. 
 
 In regard to this period of the life of Lewis Cass, an 
 alumnus ^ writes the following : — 
 
 "The incidents which Dr. Abbot related about the 
 schoolboys who have since become illustrious were ex- 
 tremely interesting. 
 
 "'Lewis Cass,' he said, 'was a very wild boy. One 
 day his father, Major Cass, came to me and asked me if I 
 could take his son. 
 
 " ' Certainly ; but why do you ask ? ' 
 
 " ' O, the youngster is headstrong, and hard to 
 manage.' 
 
 « ' What does he do ? ' 
 
 " ' Plays truant, runs away from his work, steals off 
 without my permission to go a-gunning, fishing, or swim- 
 ming, and is full of all kinds of pranks.' 
 
 " ' Well, send him to me, and I '11 see what I can do 
 with him.' 
 
 " The boy was placed under my charge. Several 
 months later I met his father, and asked him how his 
 son was getting along. 
 
 " ' Well, sir,' said he, ' if Lewis was half as afraid of the 
 
 1 Professor Sylvester Waterhouse.
 
 144 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Almighty as he is of you, I should never have any more 
 trouble with him.' 
 
 " In relating this incident Dr. Abbot fairly shook 
 with the laughter which the recollection of Major Cass's 
 answer excited. It is scarcely necessary to add, that, 
 controlled by the Preceptor's extraordinary power of dis- 
 cipline, the strong motive energies which led young Cass 
 into all sorts of boyish mischief were directed to nobler 
 objects. The results of the wise management, which 
 quickened the ambition and I'oused into action the fac- 
 ulties of a powerful nature, are recorded in American 
 history. It was, however, intimated that, at Exeter, the 
 future statesman evinced more talent for practical affairs 
 than for the details of scholarship." 
 
 After he was graduated, in 1797, the family removed 
 to Wilmington, Delaware, where Mr. Cass took charge 
 of a small academy. 
 
 We thus see that he had no classical education 
 beyond that received at Exeter, and that this was of a 
 high order is e^-ident from the writings and speeches of 
 his public life in after years. 
 
 Removing fi-om Wilmington, Delaware, to Ohio, he 
 began the study of the law, and was admitted to the 
 bar in that State in 1802. In his profession Mr. Cass, 
 even at the outset, ^vas most eminent, and it was to this 
 that he owed his rapid advancement in public life, so 
 well known to all. He was at different times Colonel 
 and Brigadier-General in the United States Army, and 
 held during his life the offices of Governor of Michi- 
 gan, Secretary of War, Minister Plenipotentiary to
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 145 
 
 France, United States Senator, and, lastly, Secretary 
 of State. 
 
 About 1833 Mr. Cass, returning to Exeter, visited 
 the Academy ; his reception is thus described : — 
 
 " The whole school was assembled to receive him, 
 and he was conducted by Dr. Abbot to a seat on the 
 platform by his side, the students standing as they en- 
 tered. His imposing personal figure and a brief address 
 made an agreeable impression upon the rising genera- 
 tion, one half of whom, probably, might expect to 
 become great men also." 
 
 Mr. Cass was twice a candidate for the Presidency ; 
 but in this, the great object of the latter part of his 
 life, he was unsuccessful, chiefly because of the ascen- 
 dency at that time of the Whigs over his own party, 
 the Democrats. 
 
 Mr. Cass died in June, 1866. He was always a 
 strong advocate for the preservation of the Union, al- 
 though he did not recognize the right of the general 
 government to coerce indi\'idual States. He ranks 
 without doubt among the first on the rolls of the Phil- 
 lips Exeter Academy. 
 
 JOHN p. HALE. 
 
 John Parker Hale was born in Rochester, New 
 Hampshire, in 1806. 
 
 He entered the Phillips Exeter Academy in 1820, at 
 the age of fourteen, and from there went to Bowdoin 
 College. Of this part of Mr. Hale's life a classmate 
 
 10
 
 146 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 speaks as follows : '' When I entered at Exeter, a green 
 boy from the farm, I sat near the recitation bench, and 
 used to be much interested in observing the recitations 
 of an advanced Greek class, composed of John Hodg- 
 don, John P. Hale, Alpheus Crosby, and another whom 
 I have forgotten. One morning Hale, who was a droll, 
 good-natured vrii, full of fun and mischief, in translating 
 the little Anacreontic, — 
 
 * It is a liard thing not to love ; 
 It is a hard thing, too, to love ; 
 But the hardest thing of all is 
 To love and not be loved,' — 
 
 made a sly but flagrant assault upon the Preceptor's 
 dignity by rendering the last line, hesitating a little, — 
 
 ' To love and — get the mitten.' 
 
 There still, lingers in my ears the gruff reproof of Dr. 
 Abbot, as he turned full upon him with '^Miat ! what ! ' 
 John, in his peculiar, unruffled way, blubbered some 
 word of apology, and the recitation went on." 
 
 Upon graduating he studied law, and in 1830 was 
 admitted to the bar. 
 
 Mr. Hale immediately began the practice of his 
 profession in Dover, New Hampshire, where he at once 
 met with marked success. In 1832 he was chosen to 
 represent that to\\Ti in the State legislature, and some 
 years afterward was appointed United States Attorney 
 for his District ; after filling that office with distinction 
 for several years, Mr. Hale was in 1843 elected a mem- 
 ber of the United States House of Representatives
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 147 
 
 from New Hampshire. Thus began his public life, in 
 which he was afterwards so eminently successful. INIr. 
 Hale was a firm Democrat; his political views pre- 
 vented his re-election to Congress, and in 1845 he again 
 became a member of the legislature of New Hamp- 
 shire ; but his talents were of too high an order for 
 so limited a sphere of action, and in 1846 he was 
 elected United States Senator. This office he held, 
 without intermission, for seventeen years, and few have 
 filled it with more distinction. Entering public life at 
 a time when great men were plenty, and attaching him- 
 self to a party which was on the eve of disbanding 
 forever, Mr. Hale met with strong opponents and many 
 obstacles to success ; but his perseverance throughout 
 was great, and during his last years in the Senate there 
 were in that body few more influential than he. Upon 
 retiring from the Senate, INIr. Hale was, in 1865, ap- 
 pointed Minister to Spain ; after holding this position 
 for some years, he returned from abroad, and retired 
 permanently from public life. 
 
 Mr. Hale died in Dover, New Hampshire, in 1873, 
 lamented by all, and honored as a man whose education 
 was of the best, and who possessed marked abilities. 
 
 BENJAMIN F. PRESCOTT. 
 
 Benjamin Franklin Prescott, son of Nathan 
 Gove Prescott and Betsey Hills Richards, was born in 
 Epping, New Hampshire, February 26, 1833. He in-
 
 148 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 herited good health and a vigorous constitution, and 
 durini" his boyhood was accustomed to all sorts of 
 rouo-h farm work. He attended the school of the dis- 
 trict in which he lived until his fourteenth year, when 
 he entered the Pembroke Academy, where he re- 
 mained, with one or two exceptions, until 1850, when, 
 in his seventeenth year, he entered Phillips Exeter 
 Academy. Here Mr. Prescott's course was in every 
 way creditable to him ; he held the office of head- 
 monitor in Prof. J. G. Hoyt's recitation-room (then a 
 position of considerable responsibility), and was elected 
 a member of the Golden Branch, of which society he 
 was made President in 1852, delivering an oration at 
 the anniversary in 1853. After leaving the Academy, 
 Mr. Prescott entered the Sophomore Class at Dart- 
 mouth College ; he graduated there in 1856, and began 
 the study of law. Upon his admission to the bar of 
 New Hampshire, Mr. Prescott opened an office in 
 Concord, and began the practice of his profession, 
 from which, however, he retired in 1861 to accept 
 a position as associate editor of the Independent 
 Democrat, at that time a leading paper of the State. 
 In 1865 Mr. Prescott closed his connection with that 
 paper, and was soon afterwards appointed agent of the 
 United States Treasury Department for New England, 
 but was removed, after a short period, on account of 
 his opposition to the policy of President Johnson. 
 From 1872 to 1876, Mr. Prescott was Secretary of 
 State of New Hampshire, and in 1877 was elected
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 149 
 
 Governor, and re-elected in 18/8. He was a delegate 
 from New Hampshire to the National Republican Con- 
 vention at Chicago in 1880. It is to Mr. Prescott that 
 the Academy owes the extensive collection of busts 
 and portraits which contribute so much to the beauty 
 of its chapel ; for it was through his strenuous and 
 successful efforts that they were collected and placed 
 there, just after the building of the new Academy in 
 1872. 
 
 ROBERT T. LINCOLN. 
 
 Robert Todd Lincoln, the oldest child of Presi- 
 dent Lincoln, was born at Springfield, Illinois, August 
 1, 1843. His early education was received at the 
 academy of a Mr. Estabrook, which he left at the age 
 of twelve years, and shortly after entered the Illinois 
 State University, at Springfield. After remaining there 
 some years, he came to the East, and was for one year 
 a member of the Phillips Exeter Academy, from which 
 he entered Harvard College in 1860, as a member of 
 the class of 1864. Mr. Lincoln's year at Exeter was, 
 as he himself says, " devoid of excitement, and full of 
 hard work." He seems to have been chiefly under the 
 instruction of Mr. Wentworth, of whom he speaks as 
 follows : " He was, and still is, I suppose, a ' driver.' 
 I shall always think him the most thorough instructor 
 I ever saw." 
 
 While at Harvard, Mr. Lincoln ranked well as a stu- 
 dent, and was universally popular among his classmates.
 
 150 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 He was a member of the Institute of 17/0, and like- 
 wise of tlie Hasty Pudding Club. After graduation he 
 was for a short time at the Harvard Law School, which 
 he left in 1805, to accept a commission as Captain and 
 Assistant x\djutant-Gencral on General Grant's staff. 
 This commission he resigned in June of the same year, 
 and resumed the study of law in Chicago, where, after 
 his admission to the bar of Illinois in 1807, he began 
 the practice of law. 
 
 In 1880 he was one of the Electors from the State 
 of Illinois, and immediately upon the inauguration of 
 President Garfield was appointed by him Secretary of 
 War.
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 Alumni. — Jared Sparks. — George Bancroft. — 
 Richard Hildreth. — Benjamin F. Butler. — 
 John G, Palfrey — Nathan A. Haven. — Lever- 
 ETT Saltonstall. — A. S. Packard. — Sylvester 
 Waterhouse. — BusHROD Washington. — J. G. 
 Cogswell. — Lyman, Dunbar, Wyman, etc. 
 
 JAEED SPARKS. 
 /^NE day, in the year 1809, a young man, dusty and 
 foot-sore, walked into the town of Exeter, and 
 sought the house of Dr. Abbot. 
 
 Brushing his travel-stained garments as well as he 
 could, he let fall the old brass knocker, and as he heard 
 the sound re-echo through the great house, no doubt he 
 trembled, for he was weary, — perhaps hungry ; and 
 although the Doctor had been apprised of his coming, 
 the young man was doubtful as to how he would be 
 received. In a moment he was ushered into the Doc- 
 tor's presence, and to him told a story much as follows. 
 
 " Dr. Abbot, last week I was working at my trade ; I 
 was a journeyman carpenter, and doing well. Long ago 
 I had dreams of going to college and becoming a help 
 to my countrymen, but I was so poor that I was forced 
 to give them up. I left my jack-plane and saw, because
 
 152 TUB PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 I heard that here you could give me the help I can ob- 
 tain nowhere else. I hope, sir, that you will give me 
 a place on the 'foundation,' for I have walked from 
 Connecticut to this town in order to go to your school." 
 
 We can imagine the emotions of the good Preceptor, 
 and the kind words of encouragement with which he 
 responded. 
 
 Thus Sparks, at the age of twenty, was enabled, by 
 the kindness of his friends and the beneficence of Dr. 
 Phillips's bequest, to obtain a liberal education. 
 
 Sparks's early life forms as interesting and instruct- 
 ive a bit of biography as one can find. His watch- 
 word, from early boyhood, was "progress," and no 
 obstacle could long prevent his going forward. He 
 became interested in astronomy, and, wishing to ob- 
 serve the heavens more carefully, he erected a rude 
 observatory in a neighboring field, and manufactured 
 his own telescope. He learned cai-pentry quite by him- 
 self, and earned his living by working at his trade in 
 summer, and teaching school in winter. 
 
 One of the friends of young Sparks, impressed by 
 his progress in the classics and higher mathematics, as 
 well as by his good character and industry, introduced 
 him to the brother of Dr. Benjamin Abbot. Mr. 
 Abbot, handing Sparks a copy of Virgil, asked him to 
 construe. So well pleased was Mr. Abbot with the 
 young man, that he wrote to his brother at Exeter, and 
 succeeded in having Sparks placed on the Phillips 
 foundation. Then, sending for Sparks, he asked him if
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 153 
 
 he wished to go to college, and told him what he had 
 done. There was but one answer to give. The young 
 man was overjoyed with his good fortune. Mr. Abbot 
 told him that it was necessary for him to go to Exeter 
 at once, at the same time asking him how he would go. 
 " Have you any money, Sparks ? " " No, sir ; I shall 
 walk to Exeter." "But how will you get your box 
 there ? " asked his benefactor. Sparks hardly knew. 
 Mr. Abbot then told him that he was about to go to 
 Brunswick, and that, if he would leave it at a certain 
 corner at six o'clock the next morning, he would tie it 
 under his chaise and take it nearly to Exeter for him. 
 He added, " You yourself would be quite welcome to 
 ride there, were there a vacant place." Thus Jared 
 Sparks, afterwards President of Harvard College, came 
 to Exeter. 
 
 Many years after Sparks had left Exeter, and had 
 become famous in the republic of letters, his old 
 teacher. Dr. Abbot, called at the bookstore in Exeter, 
 — then kept by Francis Grant, — and purchased a book 
 Sparks had just published. Turning to an old friend, 
 he said, "Jared Sparks was the best scholar I ever 
 sent away from the Academy. When he was graduated 
 I was proud of him, sir, — I was proud of him ! I gave 
 him the best recommendation I could write. In the 
 same class was a superficial little fellow, and I did not 
 know whether it was best to give him a recommenda- 
 tion or not. I did, however. Not long after, one of the 
 examiners met me, and said, ' Doctor, we were disap-
 
 154 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 pointed in your friend Sparks, but there was one sweet 
 little fellow who made up for all the rest.' AVhen I 
 inquired of Sparks the cause, he said that he was much 
 embarrassed that day, and couldn't do well." But, 
 fortunately, the real test is not the work of a few hours, 
 but the work of a lifetime ; and Jared Sparks, by his 
 after labors in history and education, richly repaid the 
 help given him by the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 
 We can give but an outline of his life and labors. 
 Jared Sparks was born in Willington, Connecticut, 
 May 10, 1/89. He was graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1815, and was a Tutor in Mathematics there 
 from 1817 to 1819 ; at the same time he studied 
 theology. In 1819 he became pastor of a church in 
 Baltimore, and in 1821 was Chaplain of the United 
 States House of Representatives. He was Professor 
 of History in Harvard College from 1839 to 1849, and 
 President of that institution from 1849 to 1853. The 
 biographies and histories which he has written make a 
 long list in our library catalogues, and many of them 
 are still standard authorities. He died in Cambridge, 
 March 14, 1866. 
 
 GEORGE BANCROFT. 
 
 George Bancroft, the eminent historian and 
 statesman, was born at Worcester, Massachusetts, 
 October 3, 1800. He entered the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy in 1811, and there remained two years; he 
 then entered Harvard College, and was graduated in
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 155 
 
 1817. His college course was merely the foundation 
 of his education, for upon graduation he sailed for 
 Europe, where he spent five years in the study of vari- 
 ous subjects at Gottingen, Berlin, Heidelberg, Paris, 
 and other cities, forming the acquaintance of many men 
 celebrated for literary and scientific attainments. 
 
 Upon his return, Mr. Bancroft became an Instructor 
 in Greek at Harvard University, remaining, however, 
 but one year. He was then connected, for a brief time, 
 with the Round Hill School at Northampton. 
 
 Mr. Bancroft, although at this time much interested 
 in politics, and an avowed advocate of Democratic prin- 
 ciples, refused to enter public life, as he had, when a 
 student at Harvard, formed the plan of wi'iting a His- 
 tory of the United States, and in 1834 the first volume 
 of this History appeared ; this was soon succeeded by 
 the second volume, and in 1840 the third volume was 
 published. 
 
 Turning his attention to politics, Mr. Bancroft was, 
 in 1838, appointed Collector of the Port of Boston by 
 President Van Buren. 
 
 In 1844 he was Democratic candidate for Governor 
 of Massachusetts, but was unsuccessful, and was, in 
 the following year, appointed Secretary of the Navy by 
 President Polk. In this office Mr. Bancroft accom- 
 plished great good, as he thoroughly reorganized the 
 Navy Department, and rendered it effective for service. 
 It was he also who conceived and put into execution 
 the plan of founding, at Annapolis, Maryland, a na^-
 
 156 TUE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 tional Naval Academy, similar to the military school 
 at West Point. 
 
 In 1846 Mr. Bancroft was appointed Minister to 
 England, and remained abroad until 1849, when he re- 
 turned, and once more gave his attention to literary work. 
 The fourth and fifth volumes of the History were pub- 
 lished in 1852, the sixth in 1854, the seventh in 1858, 
 the eighth in 1860, and the ninth in 1866. 
 
 In 1867 he was again called into the diplomatic 
 service, this time as Minister to Prussia ; in which 
 office he rendered important service to his country in 
 negotiating treaties with certain German states. 
 
 Although justly celebrated as a diplomate, the great 
 work of Mr. Bancroft's life has been his History of 
 the United States, which is universally acknowledged 
 as a standard work. 
 
 Mr. Bancroft while at the Phillips Exeter Academy 
 had been greatly assisted by the aid which he received 
 from the Phillips Charity Fund. He therefore, in 1870, 
 founded the Bancroft Scholarship, by the gift of two 
 thousand dollars. At the same time he writes : " A 
 schoolboy is forgotten in the places of his haunts ; but 
 for himself, he can never forget them. Exeter is dear 
 to me for the veneration in which I hold Dr. Abbot, 
 my incomparable preceptor, and for the helping hand 
 extended to me by its endo\Mnents. I desire to repeat 
 for others that come after me what was done for me." 
 
 Mr. Bancroft resides, at present, in Washington, 
 D. C, and is noticeably strong and vigorous ; he is 
 still engaged in literary work.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 157 
 
 EICHARD HILDRETH. 
 
 Richard Hildreth was born, June 28, 1807, in 
 Deerfield, Massachusetts. His father, the Eev. Hosea 
 Hildreth, in 1811 accepted a professorship in the Acad- 
 emy at Exeter, where young Hildreth entered, in 1816, 
 at the age of nine. After remaining seven years at 
 Exeter, he entered Harvard in the Sophomore Class, 
 and was graduated in 1826. 
 
 He afterward read law in Newburyport, whence he 
 removed to Boston, and commenced practice. In 1832 
 he became editor of the Boston Atlas. 
 
 A trip South, which he took about this time, sug- 
 gested the idea to him of writing a novel against 
 slavery, which he did. " Archy Moore," which appeared 
 on his return, was the first antislavery novel. But 
 Mr. Hildreth's mind was one which dealt more with 
 facts than with fiction, as his works testify. He trans- 
 lated Bentham's Theory of Legislation from the French, 
 besides writing a History of Banks, "Despotism in 
 America " (a treatise on the subject of slavery), a 
 " Theory of Morals," and a " Theory of Politics." 
 
 His most important work, however, is his History of 
 the United States, in six volumes, published between 
 1849 and 1852, and bringing the history down to 1820. 
 This is a work which evinces great industry, indepen- 
 dent judgment, and unswerving adherence to facts, 
 as he saw them. His style is clear and pure, and his 
 arrangement of details excellent.
 
 158 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Mr, Hildreth likewise published a work entitled 
 " Japan as it Was and Is," a compilation of some 
 value. He was also connected with the New York 
 Tribune, and frequently wrote for other periodicals. 
 
 As Mr. Hildreth was in delicate health, he went to 
 Florence, where he died in July, 1865. 
 
 BENJAMIN F. BUTLER. 
 
 Benjamin Franklin Butler was bom at Deer- 
 field, New Hampshire, November 5, 1818. '' His 
 father, John Butler, died when Benjamin was an in- 
 fant, only five months old, leaving him, with an older 
 brother, Andrew Jackson, to the care of his mother. 
 
 ''Reading and writing seem to come by nature in 
 New England, for few of that region can recollect a 
 time when they had not those accomplishments. The 
 district school helped him to spelling, figures, a little 
 geography, and the rudiments of grammar. He soon 
 caught that passion for reading which seizes some New 
 England boys, and sends them roaming and ravaging 
 in their neighborhood for printed paper. The boy 
 hunted for books, as some boys hunt for birds' nests and 
 early apples ; and, in the great scarcity of the article, 
 read the few he had so often as to learn large portions 
 of them by heart ; devouring with special eagerness the 
 story of the Revolution, and all tales of battle and 
 adventure. 
 
 " The Bible was his mother's sufficient library, and
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 159 
 
 the boy pleased her by committing to memory long 
 passages, — once the whole book of Matthew. His 
 memory then, as always, was something wonderful. 
 His mother, observing this gift, and considering the ap- 
 parent weakness of his constitution, early conceived 
 the desire of giving him a liberal education, cherishing 
 also the fond hope, as New England mothers would 
 in those days, that her boy would be drawn to enter 
 the ministry." 
 
 In the year 1829, at the age of eleven, we find him, 
 a poor boy, entering the Phillips Exeter Academy, 
 to prepare himself for college. His humble entrance 
 to the Academy doubtless obscured, to an extent, his 
 academic life, yet he is still remembered by his fellow- 
 students, and also by many of the old residents of the 
 town. 
 
 Edmund Chad^vick, one of his classmates, writes of 
 him : " Benjamin came to Exeter a young, slender 
 boy, with pale and freckled face. He was brought to 
 Exeter by his uncle. Benjamin was, as nearly as I 
 recollect him, a modest and studious boy, of quick 
 parts, but not much known among his fellow-students, 
 and his circumstances never could have suggested his 
 subsequent career." 
 
 Mr. William P. Moulton, of Exeter, in whose father's 
 family Benjamin boarded, says of him: "He was the 
 same Ben Butler, a boy, that he is a man. I recollect 
 that he was a strong Jackson Democrat, in consequence 
 of which he was unpopular with the boys, against
 
 160 TUE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 whom he would stand up and fight for his party. He 
 was a diligent student, and a great fellow at foot- 
 ball." 
 
 Mr. Butler himself says : " Of my academic life there 
 is little to be said. Sweet are the memories, 
 
 ' And dear the schoolboy spot 
 "We ne'er forget, thougli there we are forgot.' 
 
 I was sent to the Phillips Exeter Academy when a 
 child of very tender years. While there I learned the 
 rudiments of Latin under Dr. Abbot, who was one of 
 the kindest men I ever knew, and Greek — perhaps all 
 the Greek I ever knew — under Professor Soule. I 
 was the smallest boy in the Academy, with the excep- 
 tion of one who was a dwarf. It was part of my am- 
 bition to become a member of the Golden Branch, but 
 I was too young to be admitted." 
 
 He was graduated from the Academy in his fifteenth 
 year. "As the time approached for his entering col- 
 lege, the question was anxiously discussed in the family, 
 ' ^Miat college ? ' The boy was decided in favor of 
 West Point, but the cautious mother hesitated. She 
 feared he would forget his religion, and would disap- 
 point her dreams of seeing him in the pulpit of a 
 Baptist church. She consulted her minister upon the 
 subject. He agreed with her, and recommended 
 Waterville College (now Colby University) in Maine, 
 recently founded by Baptists, with a special view of 
 educating young men for the ministry. It promised 
 also the advantage of a manual labor department, in
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 161 
 
 which the youth, by working three hours a day, could 
 earn part of his expenses." The mother gave heed to 
 her minister's opinions, and the youth was consigned 
 to Waterville. 
 
 " His purse was most slenderly furnished. His mother 
 could afford him little help. A good New Hampshire 
 uncle gave him some assistance now and then, and he 
 worked his three hours a day in the manual labor depart- 
 ment, at chair-making, earning wages ridiculously small. 
 He was compelled to remain in debt for a considerable 
 part of his college expenses. 
 
 " If he was prone to undervalue some parts of the 
 College course, he made most liberal use of the College 
 library. He was an omnivorous reader. All the natu- 
 ral sciences were interesting to him, particularly chem- 
 istry ; and his fondness for such studies inclined him, 
 for a long time, to choose the medical profession." ^ 
 
 A prominent Professor in Waterville College once 
 said to the late Dr. Soule, Principal of the Academy, 
 " The few students from your Academy, Rogers, Butler, 
 and "Chadwick, have had the influence to raise the 
 scholarship of our college twenty-five per cent." 
 
 The short space allowed in this volume does not 
 permit more than a brief and cursory notice of some of 
 the principal events of his life. He studied law, and 
 became eminent in his profession. Pre\'ious to 1860 he 
 was elected to the House and Senate of the Massachu- 
 setts legislature. In 1860, when the Rebellion broke 
 
 1 General Butler in New Orleans. By James Parton. 
 11
 
 162 THE PUILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 out, lie was the first general to lead a regiment of sol- 
 diers from the State of Massachusetts to the defence 
 of the Capitol at Washington. His war record, made 
 memorable by the capture of and his administration at 
 New Orleans, testifies that he was not only a brave 
 officer, but also a man of rare executive ability. 
 
 Since the war he has been elected several times a 
 Representative to Congress, and in 1882 was elected 
 Governor of Massachusetts, which office he now holds. 
 
 Perhaps it can be said of him, more truly than of 
 any other public man, that he is the architect of his 
 own fortunes. The whole course of his life has been 
 onward and upward. In his vocabulary there is no 
 such word as fail. A striking instance of this is his 
 election to the gubernatorial chair of Massachusetts, 
 after sufiering defeat six times. As a lawyer, soldier, 
 and statesman, his life has become a part of the essen- 
 tial history of the country. 
 
 A marble medallion of Governor Butler may be found 
 among the portraits of Alumni, teachers, and benefac- 
 tors, on the walls of the Academy hall at Exeter. 
 
 JOHN GORHAM PALFREY. 
 
 John Gorham Palfrey was born in Boston, Massa- 
 chusetts, May 2, 1796. He entered the Phillips Exe- 
 ter Academy in 1809, at the age of thirteen, and, after 
 remaining there two years, entered Harvard College, 
 from which he was graduated in 1815, delivering at
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 163 
 
 Commencement the Latin Salutatory address. After 
 graduation he took up the study of theology, and in 
 June, 1818, was ordained pastor of the Congregational 
 Church in Brattle Square, Boston. From 1831 to 1839 
 he filled the chair of Sacred Literature in Harvard 
 University, and from 1835 to 1842 was an editor of 
 the North American Review. About this time INIr. 
 Palfrey delivered a course of lectures on Religion before 
 the Lowell Institute of Boston. 
 
 Mr. Palfrey was at one time a member of the legisla- 
 ture of Massachusetts, and for several years her Secre- 
 tary of State. He was also Postmaster of Boston for 
 four years. In 1851 he was one of the editors of "The 
 Commonwealth," the chief organ in New England of 
 the party of the Free-Soilers, in which he was a leader. 
 
 His latter days were devoted to literary works. 
 Among his productions was a History of New England, 
 in three volumes, bringing the narrative down to 1688. 
 His style is spoken of as " clear and exact ; if it is 
 considered as lacking in vivacity, it shows conscien- 
 tious care, and is free from the verbiage that some- 
 times passes for rhetorical ornament." 
 
 NATHAN A. HAVEN, Jr. 
 
 Nathaniel Appleton Haven, son of the member 
 of Congress of the same name, was born at Portsmouth, 
 New Hampshire, Janua^;y 14, 1790. His elementary 
 education was received under the instruction of Deacon
 
 164 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Amos Tappan, at Portsmouth ; and at the early age of 
 ten he entered the Pliillips Exeter Academy, where he 
 remained three years. In 1803 he entered Harvard 
 College, and graduated there with distinction in 1807. 
 He then filled the position of Assistant Instructor at 
 the Phillips Exeter Academy for one year. 
 
 After leaving Exeter, Mr. Haven began the study of 
 law, and was for a period of three years in the office of 
 the Hon. Jeremiah Mason. He was admitted to the 
 bar in 1811, but after a few years was compelled to 
 give up work, on account of his delicate constitution, 
 which had been impaired by excessive study. 
 
 Mr. Haven spent the year 1815 in foreign travel, and 
 upon his return resumed the practice of law. In his 
 profession Mr. Haven gained considerable celebrity as a 
 man of deep and solid learning, and was notably one 
 who disdained to use the talents with which nature had 
 endowed him to avert the course of justice. " His 
 fame was not as the transient flash of the meteor, 
 brilliant and momentary, but, from the beginning of his 
 course, as the gradual rising of the morning, its light 
 continued to brighten to the fulness of meridian day." 
 
 From 1821 to 1825 Mr. Haven was managing editor 
 of the Portsmouth .Journal, and was at the same time 
 a frequent contributor to the North American Review 
 and the Journal of Education. 
 
 In the years 1823 and 1824 he was a member of. the 
 legislature of the State of New Hampshire. 
 
 ]Mr. Haven died of scarlet-fever at Portsmouth, on 
 the 3d of June, 182C.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 165 
 
 LEVERETT SALTONSTALL. 
 
 Hon. Leverett Saltonstall was born at Haver- 
 hill, Massachusetts, on the 13th of June, 1783. His 
 ancestors were among the earliest settlers of the State, 
 and had always been noted as eminent and benevolent 
 citizens. 
 
 At the age of thirteen, Mr. Saltonstall entered the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy, then under the management 
 of the learned Dr. Abbot, for whom he is well known 
 to have entertained the greatest love and respect 
 throughout life. 
 
 During the two years spent at Exeter, young Salton- 
 stall was distinguished for his ability and application, 
 and took high literary rank as a scholar. Among his 
 classmates and associates were Daniel Webster, Joseph 
 S. Buckminster, and Lewis Cass. He always spoke 
 of Exeter and of the Academy in terms of the deepest 
 affection and gratitude, and at his death left one hun- 
 dred dollars to increase the library of the institution. 
 
 In 1798, Mr. Saltonstall entered Harvard College, 
 from which he was graduated in 1802. After leaving 
 college he began the study of law, and was admitted to 
 the bar of Massachusetts in 1805. In his career as an 
 advocate he was eminently successful, and is described 
 as " powerful, persuasive, and brilliant." 
 
 From 1814 to 1818 Mr. Saltonstall was a leading 
 member of the legislature of Massachusetts, and during 
 part of this period President of the Senate. In 1838
 
 166 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 he was chosen a member of Congress, and served in 
 the House of Representatives as chairman of the Com- 
 mittee on Manufactures. His political career vras a 
 brilliant one, and he was guided throughout by recti- 
 tude and by the dictates of his conscience. His 
 honesty in his public, as well as his private life, was 
 uniformly considered as inflexible. 
 
 j\Ir. Saltonstall died on the 8th of May, 1845, at 
 Salem, Massachusetts. 
 
 ALPHEUS SPRING PACKARD. 
 
 Alpheus Spring Packard was born at Chelms- 
 ford, Massachusetts, in 1708. When but twelve years 
 of age he entered the Phillips Exeter Academy, where 
 he was a holder of one of the scholarships founded by 
 John Phillips. He remained but a year and three 
 months at Exeter, and in 1812 entered Bowdoin Col- 
 lege, from which he was graduated in 1816. 
 
 While at college he became a friend of Gideon L. 
 Soulc, with whom, at different periods of his life, he 
 corresponded. After leaving college Mr. Packard 
 taught in the Gorham Academy, from Avhich he went to 
 Wiscasset, and thence to Bucksport. He was then for 
 a short time Principal of the Hallowell Academy, and 
 in 1819 Avas made a Tutor in Bowdoin College, which 
 position he held until, in 1824, he became Professor of 
 Latin and Greek, ^\^lile a Professor in Bowdoin he 
 at different times has had charge of the department of
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 167 
 
 Rhetoric and Oratory, the department of Natural and 
 Revealed Religion, and of the library, of which he is 
 now Librarian. 
 
 In 1839 JNlr. Packard edited the Memorabilia of 
 Xenophon, and in 1841 issued a second edition. Be- 
 sides editing the works of Dr. Appleton, he contributed 
 a history of the Bunker Hill Monument, and other 
 articles, to the Maine Historical Society, of which he 
 is a member. He is also a member of the New 
 York and of the Royal (England) Historical Societies. 
 He received, in 1869, the degree of Doctor of Divinity 
 from Bowdoin College. He is an ordained minister, 
 and sometimes supplies charges in his vicinity. 
 
 JNIr. Packard was married, in 1829, to Miss Frances 
 E., daughter of President Appleton. She died in 1839. 
 In 1844 he was married to Mrs. C. W. McLellan, of 
 Portland. He had five children by his first wife, and 
 one by his second. 
 
 Mr. Packard is a teacher of ability, and for more 
 than sixty years has been an earnest supporter of the 
 cause of education : his unswerving fidelity in its cause, 
 maintained throughout so long a period, has placed his 
 name among the foremost educators of the day. 
 
 SYLVESTER WATERHOUSE. 
 
 Sylvester Waterhouse, son of Samuel H. Water- 
 house and Dolla Kingman, was born in Barrington, 
 New Hampshire, September 15, 1830.
 
 168 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 The accidental loss of his right leg, at the age of ten, 
 changed the whole course of his life. It had been his 
 intention to become an architect, but now, considering 
 himself unfitted for an active profession, that design 
 was abandoned. 
 
 INIr. Waterhouse entered the Phillips Exeter Acad- 
 emy in 1847, and distinguished himself throughout his 
 course. He was President of the Golden Branch, 
 and was also the Orator of that society at the close 
 of his academic career. After leaving the Academy, 
 Mr. AVaterhouse entered the Sophomore Class at Har- 
 vard College, and was graduated in 1853. He then 
 began the study of law, and in 1855 completed his 
 course at the Harvard Law School. 
 
 In 1856 he was tendered the Professorship of the 
 Latin Language and Literature in Antioch College. 
 After remaining there one year, he accepted a posi- 
 tion in Washington University, St. Louis. He has 
 been connected with that institution from the first full 
 year of its existence to the i^resent time, — now more 
 than a quarter of a century. He occupies the chair 
 of Greek. 
 
 As an instance of the grateful regard in which Pro- 
 fessor Waterhouse is held by his former pupils, we 
 quote the following from the last Catalogue of Wash- 
 ington University. 
 
 "Under date of February 22, 1868, the anniversary 
 of the institution, the sura of twenty-five thousand dol- 
 lars was presented to the University, as a part of its
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 169 
 
 permanent endowment, by Messrs. John P. Collier, 
 William B. Collier, M. Dwight Collier, and Thomas F. 
 Collier. The disposition of the income of this sum is 
 left to the Directors, subject only to the request ' that 
 until the Board of Directors shall officially determine a 
 different employment of it to be required for the well- 
 being of the institution, it shall be applied to the Univer- 
 sity Professorship of Greek, in grateful recognition, by 
 his former pupils, of the fidelity, learning, and ability 
 with which the present incumbent of that chair has for 
 years past discharged its duties.' " 
 
 In 1871 Mr. Waterhouse Avas appointed by the Gov- 
 ernor of Missouri a member of the Bureau of Geology 
 and Mines, and in 1872 was elected Secretary of the St. 
 Louis Board of Trade. In 1872-73 Mr. Waterhouse 
 made a tour around the world, travelling about forty 
 thousand miles. In 1877 he was a member of the con- 
 vention for the improvement of the Mississippi River, 
 which was held at St. Paul, Minnesota ; and in 1878 
 he was appointed by President Hayes a commissioner 
 to the World's Fair held in Paris. 
 
 The writings of Mr. Waterhouse have been many 
 and influential. It is certain that his pamphlet on the 
 " Resources of Missouri " brought many thousands of 
 immigrants to that State ; his article on the " Natural 
 Adaptation of St. Louis to Iron Manufactures " was 
 one of the potent factors that led to the establishment 
 of the large and numerous iron and steel works of that 
 city ; and his " Memorial to Congress for the Improve- 
 ment of the Mississippi River " undoubtedly exerted a
 
 170 TUE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 powerful influence towards inducing Congress to grant 
 larger appropriations for that work tlian ever. 
 
 In addition to the writings just mentioned are the 
 following : " Reflections on the Southern Rebellion " ; 
 "The Dangers of a Disruption of the Union"; a Eulogy 
 on Chancellor Hoyt ; and many other newspaper and 
 magazine contributions, including a large number on 
 the cultivation of jute in America, a subject in which 
 Mr. Waterhouse was, after his tour abroad, much 
 interested. 
 
 BUSHROD WASHINGTON. 
 
 BusHROD Washington, of Westmoreland, Virginia, 
 was born in 1759, and was the nephew of General 
 CTeorge Washington, and one of his heirs. He entered 
 the Phillips Exeter Academy at the age of ten, and 
 we find among his classmates Augustine Washington, 
 Daniel Webster, and Francis Lightfoot Lee. 
 
 After lea\ang Exeter he began the study of law, and, 
 having attained considerable distinction in the profes- 
 sion, was in 1797 appointed a Justice of the Supreme 
 Court of the United States by John Adams ; this office 
 he retained until his death. 
 
 Mr. Washington was also the first President of the 
 American Colonization Society. He is described as a 
 man of irreproachable integrity, and of great simplicity 
 of manner, an earnest and faithful worker, and a sincere 
 Christian. He died at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 
 November 26, 1829.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 171 
 
 JOSEPH GREENE COGSWELL. 
 
 Joseph G. Cogswell was born in Ipswich, Massa- 
 chusetts, on the 27th of September, 1786. He entered 
 the Phillips Exeter Academy in 1801. He afterwards 
 began the practice of law in Belfast, Maine, but in 1816 
 went abroad. Returning, after four years, he was made 
 Professor of Mineralogy and Geology in Harvard Col- 
 lege. In 1823, in conjunction with George Bancroft 
 he founded the Round Hill School at Northampton, 
 Massachusetts. He assisted John Jacob Astor in the 
 management of the Astor Library in New York, and 
 was for some time Superintendent and Trustee of that 
 institution. Mr. Cogswell died, November 26, 1871, 
 at the age of eighty-five. 
 
 THEODORE LYMAN. 
 
 Theodore Lyman entered the Academy in 1804 ; 
 he graduated from Harvard in 1810, and was aftei"wards 
 Mayor of Boston. He died in 1849. 
 
 CHARLES F. DUNBAR. 
 
 Charles F. Dunbar was born at Abington, Massa- 
 chusetts, entered the Phillips Exeter Academy in 1844, 
 and was graduated from Harvard in 1851, He studied 
 law, and was admitted to the bar in 1854. He became 
 an editor of the Boston Advertiser on the 1st of Janu- 
 ary, 1861. In 1870 he was made Professor of Politi- 
 cal Economy at Harvard, which position he still holds.
 
 172 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 JEFFRIES WYMAN. 
 
 Jeffries Wyman was born in Chelmsford, Massa- 
 chusetts, August 11, 1814. He entered the Phillips 
 Exeter Academy in 1826, graduated at Harvard Col- 
 lege in 1833, and received the degree of Doctor of 
 Medicine in 1837. He became, in 1843, Professor of 
 Anatomy and Physiology in Hampden-Sidney College 
 at Richmond, Virginia, and in 1847 Professor of Anat- 
 omy in Harvard College. He died at Bethlehem, New 
 Hampshire, September 4, 1874. 
 
 Tlie catalogue of the Academy contains the names of 
 many others who should be mentioned on these pages, 
 did not lack of space forbid. Among them are John 
 A. Dix, Abiel Abbot, Ezra Abbot, David W. Gorham, 
 Jonathan Chapman, Peter C. Brooks, Rev. John H. 
 Morison, Charles H. Bell, Joseph B. Walker, and 
 George S. Hale.
 
 6- 7. 
 
 1. DR ABBOT. 2. DR. SOULE. 3. DR. PERKINS. 4. JOHN PHILLIPS. 
 
 5. W. ODLIN. 6. J. L. SIBLEY. 7. J. G. HOYT.
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 
 
 Instructors, Past and Present. — Hoyt. — Buck- 
 minster. — Chadbourne. — Ware. — Walker. — 
 Cleaveland. — Everett. — Lord. — The Twin 
 
 PeABODYS. HiLDRETH. HuRD. HaLE. BoWEN. 
 
 ThACHER. PeNNELL. WeNTWORTH. CiLLEY. 
 
 — Faulhaber. — Tufts. — Kittredge. 
 
 JOSEPH GIBSON HOYT. 
 
 TOSEPH GIBSON HOYT was bora on his father's 
 farm, in Dunbarton, New Hampshire, January 19, 
 1815. The story of his struggle for a liberal education 
 is truly remarkable. Obliged to work on the farm until 
 the sixteenth year of his age, he was able to attend the 
 district school only three months out of the twelve. 
 His father was indifferent to culture, and it was due 
 to the energy of his noble and gifted mother, coupled 
 with his own perseverance, that, after various strug- 
 gles as student and teacher, in Hopkinton, N. H., 
 Andover, JNIass., and various other places, he entered 
 Yale in 1836, and was graduated the sixth scholar 
 in a class of one hundred. His after life was wholly 
 devoted to teaching, not only in the schoolroom, but 
 also in town meetings, on the lecture platform, in State
 
 174 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 conventions, and through the press ; and while on his 
 death-bed the best lessons of his life were taught to 
 hundreds of his friends and pupils who came to pay 
 him homage. 
 
 In 1841 Mr. Hoyt was appointed Professor of Mathe- 
 matics and Natural Philosophy in the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy. On the 13th of April, 1842, Mr. Hoyt mar- 
 ried Margarette T. Chamberlain, of Exeter. The issue 
 of this marriage was a family of six children, five of 
 whom survived their father. In December, 1858, he 
 accepted the appointment of Chancellor and Professor 
 of the Greek Language and Literature in Washington 
 University, St. Louis. Six months later, the degree of 
 Doctor of Laws was conferred upon him by Dartmouth 
 College. His new friends had hardly ceased discussing 
 his inaugural address, — an address which his generous 
 culture had filled w4th rich learning, practical sugges- 
 tions, and comprehensive plans, — when dread con- 
 sumption seized upon the author. He died in his new 
 home, November 26, 1862. His grave may be found 
 near that of the Founder of the Phillips Exeter Acad- 
 emy, in the new cemetery at Exeter. 
 
 Exeter was the scene of Mr. Hoyt's life-work, and 
 to him the town owes a debt of gratitude. Many of 
 the fine trees which add so much to the beauty of the 
 town and to the comfort of its people were planted by 
 the hands of the Exeter Professor. The town hall, 
 the public library, and many of the model schoolhouses 
 of the State, are due to the efforts of this scholarly citi-
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 175 
 
 zen, seconded by the more progressive of his friends 
 and townsj^eople. Had Professor Hoyt lived, and still 
 remained a resident of Exeter, we feel qviite sure that 
 no such architectural abortion as the building of the 
 Robinson Female Seminary would have been inflicted 
 upon the town. For many years he was the Superin- 
 tendent of Schools in Exeter, and his brilliant reports 
 were quoted far and wide. They are models for school 
 reports to this day. Into the schools of Exeter he 
 introduced improved classification and better systems 
 of teaching, and by his efforts the standard of scholar- 
 ship throughout the State was raised. 
 
 His exertions in behalf of the Academy were marked 
 by the same sagacity and perception. It was mainly 
 through his endeavors that the school was divided 
 into four classes, and that the old system of studying 
 in the building was abolished. Professor Hoyt was 
 a model teacher. The remark which he once made 
 of Dr. Abbot is eminently true of himself, — no one 
 better understood the nature of young men. Honest 
 himself, he trusted the young men under his charge, 
 and they knew it. Like a general at the head of an 
 obedient and enthusiastic army, he led them to success : 
 he arranged for no retreat ; he suffered no Waterloo. 
 In the class-room he was at his best. His happy 
 illustrations, his rich scholarship, and his keen wit 
 cleared away all obstructions, and made his recitation 
 hours memorable. 
 
 Goethe says, " A teacher who can arouse a feeling for
 
 176 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 one single good action, for one single good poem, ac- 
 complishes more than he who fills our memory with 
 rows on rows of natural objects classified with name 
 and form." ^ This, too, was what Professor Hoyt be- 
 lieved. He never forgot the higher duty he owed to 
 those under his charge, and often went outside the sub- 
 ject of the hour to dwell on the nobility of some char- 
 acter of history, the grandeur of some fine poem, or, 
 again, to inspire his " boys " with a love for the truths 
 of the Bible. He was greatly beloved by his pupils : 
 just before lea^ang for St. Louis, the school at Exeter 
 sent one^ of their number to Boston, to purchase an 
 elegant silver pitcher. This was presented to him with 
 a speech full of affection and reverence.^ 
 
 Mr. Hoyt was a man of great literary ability, and 
 wrote on a variety of subjects. Politics, education, 
 music, agriculture, criticism, tile draining, potatoes, and 
 insects, are some of the subjects that engaged his fruit- 
 ful pen. He was a frequent contributor to the North 
 American Review, and several minor publications. His 
 essays have been collected, and published in one 
 volume. 
 
 One of the prominent traits of Mr. Hoyt's character 
 was his physical and moral courage. Many times dur- 
 ing life his strong, brave heart carried him safely 
 through scenes of the greatest danger. One day, when 
 
 1 Elective Affinitives, Bohn's ed., p. 172. 
 
 2 J. Nelson Trask. 
 
 3 The presentation speech was made by A. Hollis.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 177 
 
 a schoolboy at Dunbarton, he went with a party of boys 
 to a neighboring pond to enjoy a bath. While they 
 were engaged in the sport of diving, one of their num- 
 ber became entangled in some underbrush at the bottom 
 of the pond. His friends stood pale and irresolute, 
 but young Hoyt sprang to the rescue. He soon found 
 his friend, and commenced to swim ashore with his 
 helpless bm"den ; but, weighed down as he was, was 
 forced to swim under water, dragging his friend along 
 the bed of the pond. Twice he was forced to come 
 to the surface to breathe, and twice he returned. At 
 length he had the satisfaction of getting his mate to 
 land, and of knowing that his courage had saved a 
 life. 
 
 It is said that, " when IVIr. Hoyt was in college, he 
 was grossly insulted by a student of large and athletic 
 frame. The bully was disposed to take unfair advan- 
 tage of his physical superiority ; but he suddenly found 
 himself 
 
 ' Laid low, 
 "With his back to the field, and his feet to the foe,' 
 
 and learned by personal chastisement the danger of 
 insulting a brave man." Mr. Hoyt, from that day, was 
 the champion of his class. 
 
 Dr. Hoyt was an earnest Christian. He had read 
 the New Testament several times in the original, and 
 amended translations which he deemed incorrect. He 
 himself wrote, " I never entertained an unbelieving 
 doubt of the div-ine authority and transforming efficacy 
 
 12
 
 178 THE PIITLLTPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 of the Christian religion " ; and again, " God's exist- 
 ence and man's ininiortality are the twin pilkirs of 
 our faith " ; and, hist of all, " I die a believer in the 
 Christian religiono" 
 
 How shall we estimate this man of varied gifts ? 
 He had a keen relish for debate, and his brilliant Avit — 
 never used to give needless pain — was a trenchant 
 weapon against the enemies of honesty and justice. 
 He was a man of rare poetic sensibilities, and a great 
 lover of the bard of Avon. His own writings, through- 
 out, are studded with gems of rare thought and bril- 
 liant expression. 
 
 I will close with a few words from Professor Syl- 
 vester Waterhouse, of the Washington University, who 
 has kindly furnished me with the materials^ upon which 
 I have so freely drawn for this sketch. He says : — 
 
 " Long years ago, as a student of Phillips Exeter 
 Academy, I became acquainted with Mr, Iloyt, I re- 
 member, as though it were yesterday, his first sahxtation. 
 The words of that kind greeting linger like music in the 
 memory of the heart. Stimulated by his fi-iendly encom*- 
 agements, I gained new hopes of victory in the battle of 
 life, and fresh determination to redress the wrongs of 
 fortune. The friendship which began between the hum- 
 ble pupil and the warm-hearted teacher has never known 
 a moment's interruption. It would require an eloquent 
 gratitude to recount all his kindnesses. His personal 
 interest, his latchless hospitality, his quick sympathy and 
 cheerful encouragement in moments when life looked 
 
 ^ " Eulogy on Chancellor Hoyt."
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 179 
 
 sunless, are titles to my grateful regard, which Lethe 
 shall not make me forget." 
 
 Professor Hojt is not forgotten ; he still lives in 
 the memory of his friends and in the works of his 
 own hand and brain. 
 
 JOSEPH STEVENS BUCK MINSTER. 
 
 Joseph Stevens Buckminster, the eldest son of 
 Rev. Dr. Joseph Buckminster, was born May 26, 1784, 
 at Portsmouth, N. H., where his father, who was for 
 eleven years a Trustee of the Phillips Exeter Academy, 
 had long been an eloquent and popular preacher. The 
 younger Buckminster in his earliist youth evinced an 
 ardent thirst for knowledge, beginning the study of the 
 Latin Grammar, we are told, when only four years of 
 age. A great lover of books, he seldom joined in 
 boyish sports, and in disposition displayed such amia- 
 bility as made him a favorite among his acquaintances 
 and beloved by all who knew him. 
 
 In 1795, at the age of eleven, he entered the Phillips 
 Exeter Academy, and remained in it more than a year, 
 under the instruction of Dr. Abbot. It is interesting to 
 note the books studied by him at this early age, among 
 which we find the Iliad, Xenophon's Cyropaedia, the 
 Epistles of Horace, Sallust, and Cicero. He translated 
 Cicero's De Amicitia, and a part of Sallust. During 
 his college life he was most industrious, and one of his 
 classmates writing of him, says, — " Commencing his 
 college course standing in the first rank, he sustained
 
 180 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 that rank unwaveringly to the end." Upon his gradual 
 tion from Harvard in 1800, he was appointed to the 
 position of assistant instructor in the Academy at Exe- 
 ter. It is in this capacity that we are, perhaps, most 
 interested in him, as the teacher under whom Webster 
 experienced his first difficulties in declaiming in public ; 
 speaking of which he says : " The kind and excellent 
 Buckminster sought to persuade me to perform the 
 exercise of declamation like the other boys, but I could 
 not do it. . . . Mr. Buckminster always pressed and 
 entreated with the most winning kindness that I would 
 only venture once ; but I could not command sufficient 
 resolution." 
 
 Mr. Buckminster remained three years at Exeter. 
 In 1804 he entered the ministry, and was first settled 
 at the Brattle Street Church in Boston, which was 
 one of the leading congregations of New England. 
 Here he became celebrated as a preacher of the Unita- 
 rian faith, diffbring in belief from his father, who had 
 been of the Congregational persuasion. In 1806-7, 
 he visited Europe, and while there took a deep interest 
 in the purchase of books for the Boston Athenaeum. 
 In 1808 he supervised the republication of Griesbach's 
 New Testament (in Greek), and in 1811 received the 
 appointment of Lecturer on Biblical Criticism in Har- 
 vard College. 
 
 He was a member of most of the important literary 
 societies of the day, and a contributor to the leading 
 periodicals. His works have been published, in two 
 volumes.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 181 
 
 At the close of the year 1811, Mr, Buckminster's 
 health began to fail, and he died on June 10, 1812. 
 His loss was deeply mourned, as ending the brief career 
 of a most eloquent and successful preacher, a versa- 
 tile writer, and a deep student of biblical and secular 
 literature. 
 
 PAUL ANSEL CHADBOURNE. 
 
 Paul Ansel Chadbourne, a distinguished author, 
 scientist, and teacher, was born in North Berwick, 
 Maine, October 21, 1823. During his boyhood he 
 worked on a farm in the summers, and in a carpenter- 
 shop during the winters. He studied medicine, and 
 was employed for some time in a drug store. In 1842 
 he entered the Phillips Exeter Academy, and although 
 in narrow circumstances, yet by copying law and insur- 
 ance papers he paid his current expenses. He entered 
 Williams College in 1844, and graduated in 1848 with 
 the highest honors. After leaving college Mr. Chad- 
 bourne taught school for a year at Freehold, N. J. ; 
 while there, he began the study of theology, which he 
 continued at a theological institute in Windsor, Conn. 
 After finishing his Theological studies, Mr. Chadbourne 
 was chosen Principal of the High School at Great Falls, 
 N. H., and soon afterward was made a Tutor in Wil- 
 liams College. From Williams he was called to be 
 Principal of the East Windsor Hill Academy, Con- 
 necticut, and in 1851 was made Professor of Ancient 
 Languages in the Phillips Exeter Academy, remaining
 
 182 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 there one year. In 1853, he was elected to the chair 
 of Chemistry and Natural History in Williams College, 
 and three years later was called to fill the same position 
 at Bowdoin College ; during the next seven years he 
 did double duty, spending half the year at each college. 
 He was also a Professor in the Berkshire Medical 
 College for three years, and Chemical Lecturer in the 
 Mount Holyoke Seminary for thirteen years. 
 
 Dr. Chadbourne was greatly interested in science. In 
 1855 he explored Newfoundland. In 1859 he visited 
 Europe, and also went to Iceland in order to study 
 volcanoes and geysers. In 1857 he led a scientific 
 expedition to Florida, and in 1860 he explored Green- 
 land. 
 
 When Dr. Chadbourne was a member of the Massa- 
 chusetts Senate, in 1865-66, he was chosen first Presi- 
 dent of the jNIassachusetts Agricultural College ; but on 
 account of ill health he was compelled to resign this 
 position after one year. 
 
 He went to the West, and was soon afterwards 
 elected President of the University of Wisconsin. Dur- 
 ing the three years of his administration of this Univer- 
 sity, he reorganized and established it on a firm basis. 
 He afterwards spent two years in the Rocky Mountains 
 in order to regain his health, and was then, in 18/2, 
 chosen President of Williams College. He remained 
 at Williams for nine years, and his efficient adminis- 
 tration contributed much to its prosperity. 
 
 Mr. Chadbourne received the desrrees of Doctor of
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 183 
 
 Medicine from the Berkshire Medical College, and of 
 Doctor of Divinity and of Laws from Amherst College ; 
 he was elected a member of the Massachusetts Board 
 of Agriculture to succeed Professor Agassiz ; and he 
 was also a member of the Massachusetts Historical 
 Society, the Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries of 
 Copenhagen, and many other organizations. 
 
 Dr. Chadbourne always took an active interest in 
 politics. He was a delegate at large from Massachusetts 
 to the National Republican Convention in 18/6, Chair- 
 man of the Republican State Convention of Massachu- 
 setts in 1880, and Presidential Elector in the same year. 
 
 Dr. Chadbourne was a business man as well as a 
 teacher ; he was often engaged in business enterprises, 
 working land and operating mills. He was half owner 
 of two cotton-mills at Williamstown, Mass, and was 
 also a director of several business corporations. In 
 March, 1882, Dr. Chadbourne was again made Presi- 
 dent of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, which 
 position he held at the time of his death, February 
 23, 1883. 
 
 He is well known as an author; he published 
 " Natural Theology," " Instinct," and the " Relations 
 of Natural History." He wrote several pamphlets, and 
 also a tribute to President Garfield. The latter was a 
 very able production. At the time of his death he was 
 engaged on a work called " The Public Ser\ice of the 
 State of New York," — chiefly devoted to the history 
 and industries of that State.
 
 184 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 From the number of positions which Dr. Chadbounie 
 held, it will be seen that he was a man of great indus- 
 try. He always exhibited a genuine zeal and love for 
 work, whether in teaching, in business, or in work of 
 exploration. Dr. Chadbounie, throughout his life, cher- 
 ished a warm regard for the Academy at Exeter, and 
 often returned there to attend its festivals. 
 
 HENRY WARE, Jr. 
 
 Henry Ware, Jr., a distinguished Unitarian 
 divine, was born at Hingham, Mass., April 21, 1/94. 
 He was a direct descendant of Robert Ware, one of 
 the earliest of the settlers of New England. 
 
 He prepared for college at Duxbury, Mass., under 
 the instruction of a private tutor, but was sent, in 
 1807, to the Phillips Academy at Andover. Here he 
 remained for one year, and then entered Harvard 
 College. Mr. Ware was graduated in 1812, and was 
 throughout his college course an earnest worker, 
 always maintaining an excellent rank. 
 
 Immediately after leaving college, Mr. Ware, then 
 but nineteen years of age, was ai^pointed an assistant 
 instructor in the Phillips Exeter Academy, of which 
 Dr. Abbot was at that time Principal. 
 
 Here he spent two years, of which period he always 
 spoke with pleasure ; the following extract from a 
 letter of Dr. Abbot gives evidence of the esteem in 
 which he was held there : —
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 185 
 
 " The sweetness of his disposition, his open frankness 
 of manner and acknowledged scholarship, soon gained him 
 the love and confidence of his pupils, and the respect and 
 affection of his brother instructors. His two years' resi- 
 dence in this place left an impression on all who had the 
 happiness to know him, and is still fondly cherished in 
 the recollections of all who survive him." 
 
 After leaving Exeter, Mr. Ware, in 1814, returned to 
 Cambridge, and began the study of theology ; he then 
 became pastor of the Second Unitarian Church in 
 Boston. In 1814 he married Miss Elizabeth Watson 
 Waterhouse, daughter of Dr. Benjamin Waterhouse, of 
 Cambridge. 
 
 During his ministry Mr. Ware travelled much for his 
 health, especially through the Middle and Southern 
 States. While on his journeys, he was often engaged 
 in religious and charitable work, and occasionally 
 preached at places where he stopped. He remained 
 at his charge in Boston till 1829, when he resigned to 
 become Professor of Pulpit Eloquence and Pastoral 
 Care at Cambridge, in 1829. Before entering upon 
 this office, which he held till July, 1842, he visited 
 Europe, where he remained about seventeen months. 
 
 Mr. Ware had the misfortune to lose his first wife in 
 1824 ; and in June, 182/, was married to Miss Mary 
 Lovell Pickard, of Boston. Besides attending to the 
 duties of his pastoral charge. Dr. Ware wrote several 
 works on religious subjects ; among these may be 
 mentioned a work on the Offices and Character of
 
 186 TUE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Jesus Christ; one on the Formation of the Christian 
 Character ; and a Life of the Saviour. 
 
 In 1842, Dr. Ware's health continuing to become 
 worse, he resigned liis professorship, and removed to 
 Framingham, Mass., where he died, September 22, 
 1843. His biography has been published in two vol- 
 umes. 
 
 In person, Dr. Ware was short in stature, and in 
 later years somewhat bent. His countenance was pale, 
 and gave the appearance of poor health ; its expres- 
 sion was somewhat serious, though rarely, if. ever, 
 gloomy. His sermons were clear and forcible, and 
 were delivered in an impressive manner. Although he 
 was not considered a hard student, yet he was careful 
 in the preparation of his sermons, and they bear evi- 
 dence of deep thought. His ministry was, on the 
 whole, very acceptable. He labored hard in the cause 
 of his Master, and when his work was over it could 
 be well said to him, " W^ell done, thou good and faith- 
 ful servant ! " 
 
 JAMES WALKER, D. D. 
 
 James Walker Avas born at Burlington, Massachu- 
 setts, August 16, 1794. From early youth it was his 
 intention to enter the ministry, and with this end in 
 view he was educated at Harvard College, where he 
 graduated with honors in 1814, at the age of twenty. 
 
 Just after graduation he was chosen assistant in- 
 structor in the Phillips Exeter Academy ; this position
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 187 
 
 he accepted, and filled for one year. jNIr. Walker left 
 Exeter in 1815, and was soon after ordained. In 1818 
 he was installed as pastor of the Harvard Church in 
 Charlestown, Mass., where he remained for twenty-one 
 years. 
 
 He was from 1831 to 1839 an editor of the Christian 
 Examiner (a religious periodical then published in Bos- 
 ton), and in 1839 accepted the Alford Professorship of 
 Natural Religion, JNIoral Philosophy, and Civil Polity 
 in Harvard College. In 1853 Dr. Walker was chosen 
 President of the University, and filled this position 
 until 1860, when he was compelled to resign, on 
 account of bodily infirmity. 
 
 As President of Harvard University, he inspired all 
 who came under his care or tuition with love and re- 
 spect, and was universally revered and venerated for 
 his dignity and kindness. His death, which occurred 
 on December 23, 1874, occasioned deep regret among 
 the friends of the College, which he had so long and 
 so faithfully served. 
 
 JOHN P. CLEAVELAND. 
 
 Rev. Johx P. Cleaveland, D. D., was the son of 
 Parker Cleaveland, M. D., of Rowley, Mass, who at one 
 time represented his district in the legislature of the 
 State. jNIr. Cleaveland himself was " earnest and 
 intense in all he undertook ; study was a delight to 
 him." His early education was received at Dummer
 
 188 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Academy, Byfield, from which school he entered Bow- 
 doin College. 
 
 After his graduation, Mr. Cleaveland j)ursucd theo- 
 logical studies at the Andover Theological Seminary. 
 In 1825, soon after leaving this institution, he was 
 chosen Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philoso- 
 phy in the Phillips Exeter Academy, a position which 
 he held for one year. After leaving Exeter, Mr. 
 Cleaveland held, at different times, pastorates in Salem, 
 Mass. ; Detroit, Mich. ; Cincinnati, Ohio ; Providence, 
 R. I. ; Northampton and Lowell, Mass. 
 
 At the outbreak of the Rebellion, although over 
 threescore years of age, Mr. Cleaveland entered the 
 service as Chaplain of the 30th Regiment of Massa- 
 chusetts Volunteer Militia. His health never recovered 
 fi'om the exposures undergone during this part of his 
 life, and he died in Newburyport, Mass., March 7, 
 1873. 
 
 ALEXANDER HILL EVERETT. 
 
 The subject of this sketch was born in Boston, 
 March 19, 1792, and Avas graduated from Harvard 
 College at the age of fourteen, the youngest of his class, 
 but the highest in scholastic rank. He immediately 
 became an assistant instructor in the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy, but at the end of a year removed to Boston, 
 in order to study law in the office of John Quincy 
 Adams. AVhen that gentleman was appointed Minister 
 to Russia, young Everett accompanied him as an
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 189 
 
 attache of the embassy. On his return to Boston, he 
 divided his time between law and literature, and be- 
 came a prominent political writer. Later, he was Sec- 
 retary of the Legation to the Netherlands, afterwards 
 Charg4 d' Affaires, Minister to Spain, and Commissioner 
 to Cuba and to China. He was five years a member of 
 the State legislature ; and from 1829 to 1834 was the 
 editor of the North American Review, to which for 
 many years he had been a prominent contributor. In 
 1841, he was elected President of Jefferson College, 
 Louisiana, but was soon compelled, on account of im- 
 paired health, to return to the North. He was sent 
 by President Polk on a special mission to China, and 
 died at Canton, May 29, 1847. 
 
 Mr. Everett was a man of great and varied ac- 
 complishments. He was quite equal to his brother 
 Edward in native abilities ; but a longer and more 
 fortunate career gave the latter a reputation which 
 has quite overshadowed the fame of the less favored 
 Alexander. 
 
 Mr. Everett always remembered kindly the Academy 
 at Exeter, and at the Abbot Festival was among those 
 who returned to pay homage to the great teacher under 
 whom he had once served. 
 
 His published works include many subjects. They 
 are written in a delightful style, indicative of great 
 originality and strong convictions. We cannot but 
 think, had his convictions been less strong, he would 
 have ranked much higher amonsr statesmen.
 
 190 TUE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 NATHAN LORD. 
 
 Nathan Lord was born in Berwick, Maine, on No- 
 vember 28, 1793. Preparing for college in his native 
 town, he was graduated at Bowdoin in 1809, at the 
 age of sixteen; tliroughout his course he maintained 
 an excellent rank in his class, and even thus early gave 
 evidences of unusual forensic ability. 
 
 Immediately after leaving college, he accepted the 
 position of assistant instructor in the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy, where he remained three years. 
 
 Mr. Lord then began the study of theology, and 
 entered the Theological Seminary at Andover, where he 
 was graduated in 1815. In May, 1816, he was settled 
 over the Congregational Church at Amherst, N. H., 
 where he remained for twelve years. 
 
 During tlic last seven years of his pastorate here, Mr. 
 Jjord served as a Trustee of Dartmouth College, and 
 upon leaving Amherst, at the age of thirty-five, was 
 made President of that institution. Under his adminis- 
 tration Dartmouth College prospered as never before. 
 Thornton, Reed, and Wentworth Halls were erected, 
 a new chapel was constructed, an observatory built, 
 and the entire Scientific Department was founded, as 
 well as several new Professorships in other departments 
 of the University. 
 
 In 1863, Mr. Lord resigned his position because he 
 was unable to reconcile his views on the slavery ques- 
 tion with those of the Corporation of the College. He
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 191 
 
 then withdrew to private life, and died, September 9, 
 1870. 
 
 WILLIAM B. 0. PEABODY. 
 
 William Bourn Oliver Peabody, son of Oliver 
 Peabody, was born at Exeter, N. H., on the 9th of 
 July, 1799. In 1808, when nine years of age, he en- 
 tered the academy at Atkinson, N. H., but, remaining ' 
 a few months only, was admitted to the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy in the same year. 
 
 In 1813 he entered the Sophomore Class at Har- 
 vard College, and here, as at Exeter, maintained a high 
 s.tandard of scholarship. After graduation he returned 
 to Exeter, and became an assistant instructor in the 
 Academy, remaining however but one year. 
 
 In 1817 Mr. Peabody went to Cambridge, where he 
 pursued theological studies. Soon after being or- 
 dained, he was settled over a congregation in Spring- 
 field, Mass., and there remained until the time of his 
 death, which occurred on May 28, 1847. In 1842 the 
 degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred on him. 
 Dr. Peabody gained considerable fame both as poet 
 and author, and was universally beloved by his congre- 
 gation. 
 
 OLIVER W. 'B. PEABODY. 
 
 Oliver William Bourn Peabody, twin brother 
 of the preceding, was born on July 9, 1799, became a 
 member of the Phillips Exeter Academy in 1808, was
 
 192 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 t 
 graduated from Harvard College in 1816, and was then 
 for one year an assistant instructor at Exeter under 
 Dr. Abbot. In 1822 he became an editor of the North 
 American Review. He was at one time editor of the 
 Rockingham Gazette and Exeter News-Letter. In 
 1842 he was Professor of English Literature in Jef- 
 ferson College, Louisiana, but afterward removed to 
 Boston, and was for some years a member of the legis- 
 lature of Massachusetts. He died on July 5, 1848. 
 
 HOSEA HILDRETH. 
 
 HosEA HiLDRETH was bom at Chelmsford, Mass., 
 January 2, 1782. He was the son of Timothy and 
 Hannah Hildreth, and descended from Richard Hil- 
 dreth, who had emigrated from the North of England 
 to Massachusetts in 1643. While Hosea was still a 
 child, his parents removed to Vermont, but afterward 
 returned to Worcester County, INIassachusetts. 
 
 A short time afterward, young Hildreth fell from an 
 apple tree, and broke a cord in his right arm ; this 
 accident, since it incapacitated him for out-of-door work, 
 turned his attention to study and education. He was 
 therefore placed under the instruction of the Rev. Mr. 
 Holcomb, at that time the Congregational minister of 
 Sterling, and by him was prepared for Harvard College, 
 which he entered in 1801. 
 
 In 1805, just after graduation, Mr. Hildreth began 
 the study of theology, but, marrying soon after, waa
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 193 
 
 compelled to teach as a means of supporting his 
 family. 
 
 After spending some years in this way at Lynn, 
 Deerfield, and Brighton, he accepted, in 1811, the 
 Professorship of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy 
 at the Phillips Exeter Academy. This position he held 
 for fourteen years, during which time he endeared him- 
 self to all who knew him, and gained the respect of 
 all those who had the good fortune to be under his 
 instruction. 
 
 During part of the period of Mr. Hildreth's residence 
 at Exeter he filled the pulpit of the Congregational 
 Church of that town, of which Isaac Hurd afterward 
 became pastor. In 1825, Mr. Hildreth left Exeter; 
 he afterwards, at different times, held several pastor- 
 ates in various parts of Massachusetts. He was also 
 an early and efficient worker in the movement in favor 
 of temperance. Finally, in 1835, he left the parish- 
 which he then filled, in Westborough, Mass., and re- 
 tired from active life to Sterling, where he died in July 
 of the same year. 
 
 Mr. Hildreth was the author of several works, of 
 which the following are the principal : A Discourse 
 to the Students of the Phillips Exeter Academy ; Book 
 for New Hampshire Children ; A Discourse on JNIinis- 
 terial Fidelity ; Duties and Rights of a Congregational 
 Minister; The Kingdom of Jesus Christ not of this 
 World. 
 
 13
 
 194 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 * 
 
 ISAAC HURD. 
 
 Rev. Isaac Hurd was born in Charlestown, Mass., 
 in 1786. He was graduated at Harvard College in 
 1806, and, after studying divinity, was ordained at 
 Lynn, Mass., September 15, 1813. Mr. Hurd was 
 then a Unitarian; but having changed his faith some 
 years later, he became a Congregational minister, and 
 was installed at Exeter, N. H. 
 
 From 1817 to 1839, while in charge of the Second 
 Parish, Mr. Hurd was Theological Instructor in the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy. The duties of this position 
 were far from laborious, as the instructor only came to 
 the Academy once during the week to give a few les- 
 sons in elementary theology. Mr. Hurd inherited con- 
 siderable property, and, having ceased to perform his 
 duties as Theological Instructor, this office was abol- 
 ished in 1839. 
 
 Mr. Hurd was a man of small stature, mild and 
 gentle in manner ; his sermons, while excellent in every 
 respect, were still remarkably moderate and liberal in 
 style. He died in Exeter, October 4, 1856, and is 
 spoken of as " a diligent student, a good scholar, ami- 
 able, exemplary, and faithful." 
 
 NATHAN HALE. 
 
 None of those who were assistant instructors under 
 Dr. Abbot became more distinguished in after life 
 than Nathan Hale. He was born in Westhampton,
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 195 
 
 Mass., August 6, 1784, and was the son of Rev. 
 Enoch Hale, and nephew of the Nathan Hale of 
 Revolutionary fame. Mr. Hale was graduated from 
 Williams College in 1804, anTl, after studying law for 
 a few months in Troy, New York, was appointed an 
 Instructor in Mathematics in the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy, which position he filled until, in 1810, he 
 removed to Boston to practise law. Four years later, 
 he became one of the editors of the Boston Weekly 
 Messenger, the first weekly periodical in America de- 
 voted to literature and politics. In 1814 he purchased 
 the Boston Daily Advertiser, the first, and for many 
 years the only, daily paper published in New England. 
 It was first Federal, and afterwards Whig, and exerted 
 a great influence on the politics of the day. 
 
 Mr. Hale was a man of progress, and was connected 
 with nearly all the great movements which gave to 
 Boston the high rank she holds among cities. At his 
 death, February 9, 1863, his son, Charles Hale, suc- 
 ceeded him in the management of the paper which he 
 had so faithfully conducted for forty years. Another 
 son. Rev. Edward Everett Hale, is well known as the 
 author of many interesting tales of American life. 
 
 FRANCIS BOWEN. 
 
 Francis Bowen was born in Charlestown, Mass., 
 September 8, 1811. He was one of a large family, 
 and was from early youth compelled to depend for 
 support almost entirely upon himself.
 
 19,6 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 His early education was received at tlie Mayhew 
 Grammar School of Boston ; and after some years spent 
 there he became a clerk in a publishing house in the 
 same city. In 1829 Mrt Bowen entered the Phillips 
 Exeter Academy, and at the end of a few months 
 completed his preparation for Harvard College, which 
 he entered as a Sophomore in 1830, Upon graduation 
 he became Professor of ISIathematics and Natural Phi- 
 losophy at the Phillips Exeter Academy, remaining 
 there until 1835, when he returned to Harvard Col- 
 lege, and, after serving one year as Tutor in Greek, 
 was appointed Instructor in Mental Philosophy and 
 Political Economy. 
 
 In August, 1839, Mr. Bowen resigned his position in 
 the College, in order to enjoy the advantages of a year 
 of travel and study in Europe. 
 
 Upon his return, he took up his residence in Cam- 
 bridge, and devoted himself to literary work. In 1842 
 he published an edition of Virgil, and a volume entitled, 
 " Critical Essays on Speculative Philosophy." The 
 next year Mr. Bowen became proprietor of the North 
 American Review, which he edited for upwards of ten 
 years. He also edited and published for six years, 
 "The American Almanac and Repository of Useful 
 Knowledge." In 1848 and 1849 he delivered, before 
 the Lowell Institute, two courses of lectures on Meta- 
 physics and Ethics, which have since been published. 
 
 In 1850 he was appointed McLean Professor of 
 History, which office, however, he held only for a brief
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 197 
 
 period. Some years later he became Alford Professor 
 of Natural Religion, Moral Philosophy, and Civil Polity, 
 which position he now holds. 
 
 Mr. Bowen has been the author of many celebrated 
 metaphysical and ethical works, as well as of treatises 
 on Logic and Political Economy. Among these are 
 the following : " The Principles of Political Economy 
 applied to the Conditions and Institutions of the Amer- 
 ican People " ; "A Treatise on Logic, or the Laws of 
 Pure Thought " ; " American Political Economy " ; 
 " Modern Philosophy " ; and " Gleanings from a Lit- 
 erary Life." 
 
 Mr. Bowen has throughout life shown himself de- 
 voted to the interests of the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 He served as a Trustee from 1853 to 1876, and is the 
 author of the historical sketch of the Academy which 
 appeared in the General Catalogue issued in 1869. 
 
 PETER 0. TEACHER. 
 
 Peter Oxekbridge Thacher, son of the Rev. 
 Peter Thacher, D. D., pastor of the Brattle Square 
 Church, Boston, was born at Maiden, Mass., in 1776. 
 In 1792 he entered Harvard College, at the age of 
 sixteen. From here he was graduated with distinc- 
 tion in 1796, and immediately accepted the position 
 of assistant instructor in the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 According to the custom, he remained there but one 
 year; and, having afterward taken up the study of
 
 198 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 law, was in 1823 chosen Judge of the Municipal 
 Court in Boston, which position he filled for twenty 
 years, with much credit to himself and to the city. 
 He was a member of the American Academy of Arts 
 and Sciences, and is said to have been a well-read law- 
 yer, an accomplished scholar, a good citizen, and a 
 Christian gentleman. 
 
 Mr. Thacher died, February 22, 1843, "much re- 
 spected for his integrity and humanity." 
 
 EGBERT FRANKLIN PENNELL. 
 
 Robert Franklin Pennell was bom in Freeport, 
 Maine, on July 13, 1850. He was the son of Robert 
 and Caroline (Soule) Pennell, the latter a daughter of 
 Deacon Moses Soule and a sister of Gideon Lane 
 Soule, so well known as Principal of the Academy at 
 Exeter. 
 
 In August, 1864, Mr. Pennell, then a boy of fourteen 
 years of age, came to Exeter, and, entering Dr. Soule's 
 family, became a student in the Academy. Under the 
 careful instruction of his uncle, he became conspicuous 
 for his accurate scholarship : indeed, his native ability 
 and his powers of application gave him easy pre-emi- 
 nence. During his first year at the Academy a change 
 occurred in the fortunes of his family, and from that 
 time he was obliged to work his own way. 
 
 In 1868 Mr. Pennell entered the Sophomore Class 
 at Harvard College. There his scholarship was early
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 199 
 
 recognized, and throughout his course he held a high 
 rank. The expenses of his course at Cambridge he 
 paid by giving private instruction, not only to members 
 of the lower classes, but to his own classmates. Under 
 such pressure his health became impaired, and for a 
 brief period he was obliged to leave his studies and 
 seek needed rest. 
 
 Upon his graduation, in 1871, Mr. Pennell at once 
 became an instructor in the Academy at Exeter. Later 
 he was elected Professor of Latin in the same institu- 
 tion. This position he resigned in December, 1882, in 
 order to obtain a long period of needed rest. The 
 eleven years spent by Mr. Pennell at the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy were characterized by earnest, faithful work 
 of a very high order. He was respected among his 
 colleagues, and among his "boys" was greatly loved and 
 admired. As a teacher it was his aim, not only to 
 ascertain what the pupil himself knew, but to impart 
 something in return. Consequently his recitation-room 
 was never dull ; to enter it became a pleasure, and at 
 the close of his hour the student felt that he had 
 indeed been rolling along the " road to knowledge " at 
 a rapid rate. 
 
 Mr. Pennell has assisted in editing a number of edu- 
 cational works, and is himself the author of several text- 
 books of value. These include a History of Greece, 
 a History of Rome, and a study of the Latin Sub- 
 junctive.^ 
 
 1 Published by John Allyn, Boston.
 
 200 THE PUILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 GEORGE ALBERT WENTWORTH. 
 
 George Albert Wentworth was born in Wake- 
 field, Carroll County, K H., July 31, 1835. He ac- 
 quired the rudiments of learning in a district school in 
 tliat town, and attended the Wakefield Academy for 
 about one year. In 1852 ]\Ir. Wentworth entered the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy. Leaving here in 1854, he 
 entered the Sophomore Class in Harvard College, grad- 
 uating in 1858. ]Mr. Wentworth was immediately 
 elected Instructor in Ancient Languages in the Phillips 
 Exeter Academy, and the next year was chosen Pro- 
 fessor of Mathematics. Professor Wentworth is the 
 author of many mathematical works, as follows : a 
 Primary, a Grammar School, and a Higher Arith- 
 metic ; an Elementary Algebra ; a Plane and Solid 
 Geometry; a Book of Geometrical Exercises; a Plane 
 and Spherical Trigonometry ; a work on Surveying and 
 Navigation ; and a Five-Place Table of Logarithms.^ 
 
 BRADBURY LONGFELLOW CILLEY. 
 
 Bradbury Longfellow Cilley, son of Joseph 
 Longfellow and Lavinia Bagley (Kelley) Cilley, was born 
 in Nottingham, N. H., September 6, 1838. In 1842 
 the family removed to Exeter, and Mr. Cilley attended 
 the schools of the town until the fall of 1851, when he 
 entered the Phillips Exeter Academy. Mr. Cilley re- 
 
 ^ Published by Ginn and Heath, Boston.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 201 
 
 mained a member of the Academy until 1855, when he 
 entered the Sophomore Class in Harvard College, 
 graduating in 1858. After graduating, Mr. Cilley 
 moved to Albany, N. Y., and there taught in the 
 Albany Academy until 1859, when he became Pro- 
 fessor of Ancient Languages in the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy. 
 
 OSCAR FAULHABER. 
 
 Oscar Faulhaber was born at Isny, kingdom of 
 Wiirtemberg, South Germany, in 1832, and received his 
 education for the most part at Stuttgart and Tubingen, 
 where he received the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 
 in 1855. IVIr. Faulhaber then went to France, and, 
 after three years spent there, proceeded to England and 
 later to the United States, where he has been for the 
 most part occupied in teaching, both in the East and 
 the West. 
 
 In 18/4 Mr. Faulhaber was chosen Instructor in 
 French and German in the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 
 JAMES ARTHUR TUFTS. 
 
 James Arthur Tufts was born in Alstead, Clieshire 
 County, K H., April 26, 1855, and there spent his early 
 boyhood, until, in his eleventh year, he joined the mili- 
 tary school in Brattleborough, Vt. At the end of three 
 years he returned to Alstead, and was for two years a 
 clerk in his father's store. In April, 18/2, he entered 
 the Phillips Exeter Academy, graduating in 18/4; he
 
 202 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 took a high rank in his class, and was, during a part of 
 his Senior year. President of the Golden Branch. Mr. 
 Tufts entered Harvard College with distinction in 18/4, 
 and while in College was President of the Everett 
 Athenaeum and a member of the Signet. Immediately 
 after graduation, in 18/8, he was appointed Instructor 
 in English in the Phillips Exeter Academy, a position 
 which he still holds. 
 
 GEORGE LYMAN KITTREDGE. 
 
 George Lyman Kittredge, the son of Deborah 
 Lewis and Edward Lyman Kittredge, was born in 
 Boston, February 28, 1860. 
 
 In 187o, after studying for some time with a private 
 tutor, he entered the Roxbury Latin School, where, 
 under the learned Mr. Collar, he was fitted so as to 
 enter Harv^ard University in 1878. His college course 
 was marked by faithful work, and his rank upon gradu- 
 ation was very honorable. 
 
 At Commencement, Mr. Kittredge was assigned an 
 Oration, and in addition to recei\ing an "honorable 
 mention " in Greek, Latin, English, and English Com- 
 position, he was one of the two members of the Class of 
 1882 who received highest honors in the classics. 
 
 In January, 1883, while at Cambridge studying for 
 the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Mr. Kittredge 
 was appointed an instructor in the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy.
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SIOiTCHES. 
 
 Benefactors and Trustees. — Jeremiah Kingman. 
 
 — John L. Sibley. — Woodbridge Odlin. — Jere- 
 miah Smith. — Amos Tuck. — Charles Burroughs. 
 
 — Andrew P. Peabody. 
 
 JEREMIAH KINGMAN. 
 
 T^HE Kingmans are of ancient English stock. Their 
 lineage has been traced back through several 
 centuries of honored ancestors. The founder of the 
 New Hampshire branch of the family settled in Rye. 
 William Kingman, the grandfather of Jeremiah, moved 
 to Barrington, N. H. His son, John, was the father of 
 the subject of this sketch. For three successive genera- 
 tions, the family occupied the same farm. 
 
 Jeremiah Kingman was born in Barrington, Sep- 
 tember 23, 1793, and died on his birthplace, Decem- 
 ber 1, 1872. 
 
 His education, received almost entirely in the common 
 schools of his native town, was limited. In his boy- 
 hood, the public instruction given in the rural districts 
 of New Hampshire was very superficial. Only the ele- 
 ments of the ordinary English studies were taught. The 
 teaching, which continued but a small portion of the
 
 204 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 year, was too brief and imperfect to develop correct 
 habits of study, or satisfy a native fondness for the pleas- 
 ures of literature. Two terms spent in the academy at 
 Gilmanton, N. H., then under the skilful direction of Mr. 
 Samuel Fletcher, completed the lad's scanty education. 
 The better methods and richer discipline of his academic 
 training strengthened a natural taste for letters into a 
 life-long craving for the acquisition of knowledge. 
 
 In early manhood, Mr. Kingman himself taught school 
 for several winters. It is stated that his practical and 
 suggestive illustrations invested dry facts with an interest 
 that impressed them upon the minds of his pupils. 
 
 Mr. Kingman was married, March 23, 1828. His wife 
 was Elizabeth, the daughter of Paul Hayes, of Barring- 
 ton. No children resulted from this union. 
 
 In 1836, Mr. Kingman was elected Superintendent of 
 the public schools of Barrington. He held this office 
 for twelve years, and discharged its duties with rare suc- 
 cess. He always spoke without notes, but his informal 
 addresses on the trite subject of education were replete 
 with suggestive thought. Under his supervision, the 
 schools were improved by the employment of better 
 teachers, and the proficiency of the pupils was tested 
 by personal examinations. The dread of his searching 
 questions was often a motive to greater studiousness : 
 his wise reflections have quickened many a youth to a 
 truer appreciation of the value of knowledge. His in- 
 terest in education lasted through life, and his %'isits to 
 the schoolroom did not cease till physical infirmities
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 205 
 
 prevented their continuance. The aid of his loans ena- 
 bled several young men to complete their collegiate 
 courses. His devotion to letters survived death ; since, 
 in the final disposition of his property, an endowment 
 of $11,000 was given to Dartmouth College, and one 
 of $56,0001 to the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 
 In 1831-32, Mr. Kingman was a representative in the 
 State legislature, where his sound judgment and famili- 
 arity with business were actively exerted for the promo- 
 tion of wise legislation. 
 
 His military experience began while he was still a 
 boy. In 1812, a threatened invasion of the State by 
 the British summoned young and old to the field. ]Mr. 
 Kingman was drafted, and went to Portsmouth to aid 
 in the repulse of the foe. But the rumor of an attack 
 proved baseless, and his patriotic valor was not tested 
 by the ordeal of battle : the young soldier, however, was 
 for many years the captain of a company of cavalry. 
 
 Familiar with the principles of mensm-ation, he was 
 often employed to survey the lands of his neighbors, and 
 determine the exact position of the boundary lines. 
 
 Through all the period of his mature and active life, 
 he was a Justice of the Peace. In this capacity, he 
 transacted a great deal of business. Many of the local 
 deeds and wills of his day were drafted by his hand. 
 In the transfer and settlement of estates, the adjust- 
 
 1 Out of this sum, however, the Trustees of the Academy were 
 obliged to pay several claims, so that the net amount received was 
 $42,421.43.
 
 206 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 ment of probate claims, and the administration of town 
 affairs, his judgment was often consulted. In the man- 
 agement of both public and private interests, the counsel 
 of no man in town was more frequently sought. Though 
 as la\ish of advice as he was frugal of money, his sug- 
 gestions were always valuable. 
 
 His love of society was intense, and his highest hap- 
 piness was found in the companionship of congenial 
 friends. In their presence, his versatile powers of enter- 
 tainment never flagged. The mystery of ingenious puz- 
 zles, the charms of song, and an endless flow of sprightly 
 talk, never failed to interest visitors. His presence 
 heightened the pleasure of every company. 
 
 He was very fond of music, and for many years he 
 played the bass-viol in the church choir. The neighbors 
 often gathered in his parlor, and there, accompanied 
 with the sweet tones of the organ, sang anthems. These 
 meetings, blending secular airs and lively conversation 
 with sacred song, were occasions of rare enjoyment. 
 
 In the prime of manhood, Mr. Kingman was attacked 
 with sciatica. This malady, which medical skill failed 
 to cure, increased in severity with the advance of age. 
 Unable, in consequence of this infirmity, to work on his 
 farm, he devoted his leisure to reading. He enriched 
 his mind with the wealth of literature and poetry. He 
 read, not only every volume in his own cases, but also 
 every book in the town library, and many works in 
 those of Dover and Rochester. He had a collection 
 of all the best English poets, and knew by heart many
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 207 
 
 of their finest passages. Fascinated with the romantic 
 witcheries of the Scotch magician, he was not content 
 with a single perusal of the Waverley Novels. His med- 
 ical reading was probably quite as extensive as that of 
 many a rural physician. 
 
 In metaphysics, he studied with critical care the sys- 
 tems of Locke, Stewart, Kant, and Cousin. His theo- 
 lodcal learning would not have been discreditable to a 
 professional student of divinity. The different creeds 
 and religions of mankind were frequent themes of con- 
 versation. Paley's Evidences of Christianity was one of 
 his favorite books. His interest in the young science of 
 geology was evinced by the perusal of every accessible 
 work on the subject, and his acquaintance with history 
 was ^vide and exact. His special heroes were Samuel 
 Johnson, Frederic the Great, and the first Napoleon. 
 He read all of Alison's voluminous History of Europe, 
 and many other works that describe the campaigns of 
 the brilliant Corsican. It is probable that Mr. Kingman 
 was as familiar with the career of the great Bonaparte 
 as any man in the United States. 
 
 His rarest gift was his common sense. An unusual 
 power of philosophic analysis enabled him to discern at 
 once the vulnerable points of an argument. A singu- 
 larly keen insight gave him clearness of views, while a 
 strong memory retained in its grasp the facts which had 
 been committed to its keeping. The results of original 
 reflection upon the recorded experiences of mankind, as 
 well as upon his own observations of human life, were
 
 208 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 held in readiness for instant use. Hence, in social dis- 
 cussion or public debate, he was a dangerous opponent. 
 He had the faculty of reasoning on his feet, and could 
 talk by the hour in a strain that never failed to interest 
 and instruct his audience. He was never eloquent, but 
 always clear, direct, and sensible. His conversation, 
 though seldom brightened by flashes of wit, was often 
 enlivened by sallies of humor. ^Yithout apparent effort 
 or consciousness of superiority, he rose to easy eminence 
 in social discussion. His mind, richly stored with the 
 treasures of reading and reflection, needed no special 
 preparation. He could, on any occasion, make a speech 
 without premeditation, and the sound sense and clear 
 expression of these off-hand remarks, most men, even 
 with the advantage of study, would find it difficult to 
 equal. He always avoided low topics : personal slander, 
 local gossip, and public scandal were never permitted 
 to pollute with their harpy touch the clean food of his 
 social repasts. With native refinement and elevation of 
 mind, he always sought pure and ennobling subjects of 
 conversation. 
 
 Once, during the session of a convocation, some half 
 a dozen of the leading clergymen were entertained by 
 Mr. Kingman. The evenings were naturally spent in 
 the discussion of theological topics. With untrained 
 native strength, Mr. Kingman proved himself more than 
 a match for his professional antagonists. Some of the 
 best speeches made in the convocation were unconscious 
 reproductions of the thoughts which Mr. Kingman had
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 209 
 
 expressed in these evening debates. On one of these 
 occasions, the visitors amused themselves with a novel 
 test of the breadth and accuracy of their reading. Hap- 
 pening to find in a late paper a poem composed of lines 
 taken from the works of different poets, they diverted 
 themselves with efforts to trace the authorship of the 
 several verses. The host knew the source of more lines 
 than all of his guests put together. 
 
 Mr. Kingman was constitutionally timid. He once 
 took a trip to the \Vhite Mountains. The coach was 
 whirled down the steep hills by four horses driven at 
 full speed. The swift motion, which filled all the other 
 passengers with delightful exhilaration, blanched his 
 cheeks with terror. At points of unusual wildness, the 
 coach was stopped to give the tourists time to admire 
 the grandeur of the scene. Afterwards, in relating his 
 experience, he said that " the driver tempted Providence, 
 and halted his horses in the very worst places on pur- 
 pose to give an accident a chance to happen " ! 
 
 On another occasion, he went to Halifax. On the 
 return voyage, the steamer encountered a very violent 
 storm. In the unequal combat with the elements, the 
 brave vessel Avas nearly overwhelmed. Mr. Kingman 
 was greatly terrified. The intensity of his fear seemed 
 to shake the confidence of his religious hope. When 
 asked what he thought of in the midst of the tempest 
 which threatened to engulf him, he said, "I thought 
 of home and heaven, and came to the conclusion that 
 I should never see either." 
 
 14
 
 210 THE PniLLlPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 ]Mr. Kingman was a Unitarian. He was reared in 
 the Congregational faith, but the arguments of Channing 
 and Sparks converted him to their views. He was the 
 first, and for years the only, Unitarian in the town of 
 Barrington. In those days of austere creeds, the stand 
 which he took evinced moral intrepidity and fidelity to 
 his convictions. 
 
 jNIr. Kingman was kind and gentle-hearted. The sight 
 of suffering easily moved him to tears. He was a man 
 of good presence. Indeed, all the members of this 
 branch of the family were fine-looking. His brother 
 John and his four children were distinguished for phys- 
 ical beauty, conversational ability, and musically rich 
 voices. In boyhood, the cheeks of Jeremiah Kingman 
 were red as a rose. The amiability and keen intelligence 
 of his expression were veiy -wnnning. A large, well- 
 shaped head, a fair complexion, bright, thoughtful blue 
 eyes, a slightly Roman nose, a broad, firm chin, and a 
 massive frame, are the traits that will convey an impres- 
 sion of his personal appearance. The salient qualities 
 which his features expressed were good nature, thought- 
 fulness, and judgment. 
 
 But no character is perfect. Although temperate in 
 all his habits, INIr. Kingman had one grave fault, which, 
 growing with the lapse of years, weakened his hold upon 
 popular respect, impaired his public spirit, and lessened 
 the possible usefulness of his life. Over the details of 
 his weakness it is well, \v\i\\ backward step, to throw 
 the mantle of forgetfulness. But loyalty to truth, which
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 211 
 
 requires a faithful deliueation of character, and seeks to 
 avoid the unwholesome influence which springs from a 
 suppression of unwelcome facts, will not permit a con- 
 cealment of the sole defect which marred the symmetry 
 of an othenvise faultless nature. With this single ex- 
 ception, the character of INIr. Kingman was one of rare 
 purity, elevation, and nobility. 
 
 JOHN LANGDON SIBLEY. 
 
 Among the benefactors and distinguished Alumni 
 of the Phillips Exeter Academy no one is to be noticed 
 with more respect and affection than John Langdon 
 Sibley. He was born, December 29, 1804, in Union, 
 Maine, where his father, Jonathan Sibley, was a 
 physician and a small farmer. 
 
 At the Phillips Exeter Academy, which he entered 
 in the summer of 1819, he was supported by aid from 
 the Phillips Charity Fund, by small sums of money 
 occasionally received from home, and by his own 
 exertions. 
 
 Entering Harvard College in 1821, Mr. Sibley was 
 appointed ''President's Freshman." His connection 
 with the library of the College began while still an 
 undergraduate, as he spent considerable time in writing 
 for the library, and in otherwise assisting the Librarian. 
 By these means, and by various other occupations, INIr. 
 Sibley passed through college free of debt, maintaining 
 throughout an excellent standard of scholarship. After
 
 212 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 graduating^ in 1825, he entered the Divinity School, 
 and became then, for tlie first time, officially connected 
 with the library, holding the position of Assistant Li- 
 brarian, which had at that time a salary of Si 50 per 
 annum. 
 
 In 1829, after leaving the Divinity School, Mr. Sibley 
 was ordained as pastor of a church in Stow, and there 
 remained until 1833. Returning then to Cambridge, 
 he devoted himself almost exclusively to literary work, 
 editing, for some years, " The American Magazine of 
 Useful and Entertaining Knowledge." 
 
 In 1841 Mr. Sibley was again appointed Assistant 
 Librarian, and in 1856, upon the death of Dr. Harris, 
 who was then Librarian, he was appointed to that 
 office, which he held until 1877, when he retired on 
 account of bodily infirmity. 
 
 Of the many and valued services rendered by Mr. 
 Sibley to Harvard University it is needless to speak at 
 length ; but there is one charity of this truly great and 
 good man less widely known. Remembering with the 
 deepest gratitude the assistance which he himself had, 
 when a schoolboy at Exeter, received from the Phillips 
 Charity Fund, Mr. Sibley began, in 1860, a series of 
 gifts to the Phillips Exeter Academy, the amount 
 of which is now estimated at $34,000, to be employed 
 for the support of meritorious and needy students ; at 
 his own request, Mr. Sibley was not known to the pub- 
 lic as the donor of this fund until the Soule Festival, 
 in 1872, when he was prevailed upon by his friends to 
 divulge the secret.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 213 
 
 111 1879, at the request of the Tmstees of the Acad- 
 emy, Mr. Sibley's portrait was added to those of the 
 benefactors and illustrious Alumni which hang in the 
 chapel of the school. 
 
 Mr. Sibley, upon his withdrawal from active service 
 in the library of Harvard University, was made Libra- 
 rian Emeritus. He resides at present in Cambridge, 
 Massachusetts. 
 
 WOODBRIDGE ODLm. 
 
 WooDBRiDGE Odlin, who was descended from John 
 Odlin, one of the first settlers of Boston, was the son of 
 William and Elizabeth (Leavitt) Odlin, and was bom 
 in Exeter, N. H., INIay 29, 1805. After receiving his 
 education, principally at the Phillips Exeter Academy, 
 which he entered in 1817, at the age of twelve years, 
 INIr. Odlin began his business career as a painter and 
 carriage-maker in Exeter. He afterwards engaged in 
 the wool trade, in which he was uniformly successful. 
 In politics Mr. Odlin was a strong Abolitionist. He 
 represented his town in the State legislature for several 
 terais, and, after retiring, was for some time President 
 of the Exeter Savings Bank. He was justly celebrated 
 for his charities, which were many, and at his death, in 
 1879, " every good and worthy cause lost a kind patron ; 
 the community, a citizen of rare integrity ; the church, 
 a faithful worker ; his family, a considerate and loving 
 husband and father." Some time before his death, Mr. 
 Odlin gave to the Academy the sum of twenty thousand
 
 214 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 dollars, to establish an English course, designed for 
 students who do not desire to pursue classical studies. 
 This course includes three years, and may, at the dis- 
 cretion of the Faculty, include Latin. It is also 
 stipulated by the same gift, that ten students from 
 Exeter may be admitted to this course free, pro- 
 vided that number of competent students belonging 
 to the town apply, who lack the means to pay the 
 usual tuition fees. In this munificent gift Mr. Odlin 
 has left a monument to his memory " which will remain 
 when monuments of stone shall have crumbled to 
 dust." 
 
 JEREMIAH SMITH. 
 
 Jeremiah Smith was born in Peterborough, New 
 Hampshire, November 29, 1759. He exhibited a fond- 
 ness for books early in life, and is said to have taught 
 himself to write, using pieces of birch bark, and ink made 
 from vegetables. He received his preparation for col- 
 lege under the instruction of the Rev. Mr. Emerson, of 
 Hollis, New Hampshire, and entered Harvard in 1777. 
 Just at this time came the news of Burgoyne's invasion, 
 and, notwithstanding his youth and excellent prospects 
 of an education, young Smith enlisted. When he pre- 
 sented himself for enlistment, he acknowledged that he 
 came without the consent of his father ; thereupon, the 
 captain, who was a personal acquaintance, informed Mr. 
 Smith of his son's action, and persuaded him to allow 
 the boy to enlist. The father reluctantly consented,
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 215 
 
 but begged that, in case of a serious engagement, his 
 son might be sent to a placa of safety. Just before 
 the battle of Bennington, in accordance with this re- 
 quest, the boy was despatched, on some errand, to a 
 place of security, and great was the surprise of his 
 captain when, in the thickest of the fight, he found 
 young Smith at his side. " How came you here ? " he 
 asked. " O, sir, I thought it my duty to follow my 
 captain," was the reply. 
 
 Mr. Smith afterwards returned to Harvard, and two 
 years later entered Rutgers (then Queen's) College, from 
 which he was graduated in 1/80. After teaching in 
 various places, he became an instructor in the Phillips 
 Academy at Audover ; here Dr. Benjamin Abbot, after- 
 wards Principal of the Phillips Exeter Academy, was 
 among his pupils. Fifty years later, at the Abbot Fes- 
 tival, Judge Smith, looking around upon the assembled 
 Alumni, told them that they were Dr. Abbot's pupils, 
 but that, great as was their honor, his own was greater, 
 for he had been his teacher. 
 
 Judge Smith filled many offices of distinction faith- 
 fully and successfully ; he was District Attorney, Justice 
 of the United States Circuit Court, Chief Justice of 
 New Hampshire, and Governor of the same State. 
 He also represented his district in Congress during 
 four terms. From 1828 to 1842, Mr. Smith was 
 Trustee and Treasurer of the Phillips Exeter Academy. 
 Thus he became intimate ^vith young men, to whom he 
 was always a firm friend. His interest in the young, 
 and in tlicir education, only ended with his life.
 
 216 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 In 1838, Judge Smith delivered the Centennial Ad- 
 dress in Exeter, at the close of the second century of 
 the existence of the town. In September, 1842, he 
 ended his long and useful life. 
 
 AMOS TUCK. 
 
 Hon. Amos Tuck was born in Parsonsfield, Maine, 
 August 2, 1810. 
 
 In 1838 he was graduated from Dartmouth Col- 
 lege, and immediately afterwards became Preceptor 
 of Hampton Academy, in Hampton, New Hampshire, 
 which place had for years been the home of his 
 family. After remaining two years in Hampton, Mr. 
 Tuck removed to Exeter, where he began the study 
 and practice of law. 
 
 In 1842 he represented Exeter in the legislature of 
 the State, and afterwards was a member of the United 
 States House of Representatives. 
 
 On the accession of Mr. Lincoln to the Presidency, 
 Mr. Tuck, who had always been one of his firmest sup- 
 porters, was appointed by him Naval Ofl&cer at the 
 Boston custom-house. 
 
 Mr. Tuck's interest in education was always marked. 
 He was a Trustee of Dartmouth College, also one of 
 the first Trustees of the Robinson Female Seminary in 
 Exeter, of which institution he was for a short time 
 President. From 1853 until his death, which oc- 
 curred on December 11, 1879, Mr. Tuck was one of 
 the most active and interested of the Trustees of the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 217 
 
 CHARLES BURROUGHS. 
 
 Charles Burroughs, the fourth son of George 
 and Mary (Fullerton) Burroughs, was born in Boston, 
 Massachusetts, December 27, 1787. He resided in his 
 early youth chiefly at Boston, but was for some time 
 at Billerica, under the instruction of Dr. Pemberton, 
 at that time a noted teacher. In 1802, Mr. Burroughs 
 entered Harvard College, where he was universally pop- 
 ular with his classmates, being spoken of as a person 
 of winning manners and most amiable disposition. 
 Throughout his college course he maintained a good 
 rank, and at graduation had the honor of delivering 
 the Latin Valedictory. After leaving college, Mr. 
 Burroughs for some time studied theology; he re- 
 ceived deacon's orders at Philadelphia in 1809, and 
 in 1812 was ordained. He was from 1835 to 1867 
 a Trustee of the Phillips Exeter Academy, and was 
 during the greater part of that period President of 
 the Board. 
 
 Dr. Burroughs was at all times an ardent friend 
 of the school, taking the deepest interest in all that 
 concerned its welfare, and was especially noted for the 
 promptness and carefulness vAt\\ which his duties were 
 always performed. During the latter part of his life 
 he held many positions of trust and eminence ; he was 
 President of the Howard Benevolent Society,' of the 
 Portsmouth Athenaeum, and also of the Board of Trus- 
 tees of the New Hampshire Insane Asylum. In 1833
 
 218 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 he received tlie degree of Doctor of Divinity from Co- 
 lumbia College. 
 
 At his death, which occurred in March, 1868, he was 
 not unmindful of the institution to which he had been 
 so devoted throughout life, but by a gift of $1,000 
 increased the beneficiary funds of the Academy, found- 
 ing the scholarship which bears his name. 
 
 ANDKEW PRESTON PEABODY. 
 
 Andrew Preston Peabody was born in Beverly, 
 Massachusetts, March 19, 1811, and at the age of twelve 
 years passed the entrance examinations to Harvard, but 
 did not commence his course until the following year, 
 when he entered the Junior Class. He was graduated 
 in 182G, and immediately became a private tutor of the 
 Huidekoper family in Meadville, Pennsylvania. In 
 1829 he entered the Harvard Divinity School, where 
 he spent three years, during which time he was also 
 a proctor and an instructor in Hebrew in the Col- 
 lege ; in 1832 he was a Tutor in Mathematics in the 
 College. 
 
 In 1833 he was ordained pastor of the South Parish 
 Church, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, which position 
 he filled for twenty-seven years, until, in 18C0, he ac- 
 cepted the appointment of Preacher to the University, 
 and Plummer Professor of Christian Morals. Both 
 his duties in the University and those of his church 
 have been performed with the utmost fidelity.
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 219 
 
 His literary work has been so considerable that it is 
 impracticable to give here even the titles of his various 
 essays, reviews, addresses, and discourses. For several 
 years, Dr. Peabody was a leading writer for the Ameri- 
 can Monthly and the N^ew England Magazines, besides 
 being a large contributor to the Christian Examiner, 
 and for nearly a quarter of a century connected with 
 the North American Review, which he edited from 
 1853 to 1861. It is said of him, that "he handles a 
 ready and vigorous pen, is clear and animated in style, 
 and well skilled in the arts of a reviewer." 
 
 In 18/2, at the dedication of the new Academy 
 building, Dr. Peabody was the orator of the occasion : 
 his scholarly address has since been published. 
 
 Dr. Peabody is a member of the American Academy 
 of Arts and Sciences, the Massachusetts Historical 
 Society, the American Oriental Society, and the Ameri- 
 can Antiquarian Society. 
 
 He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from 
 Harvard in 1852, and that of Doctor of Laws from 
 Rochester in 1863. He was acting President of the 
 University during 1862, and again during the aca- 
 demic year 1868-69. For forty consecutive years he 
 has been one of the Trustees of the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy, and for sixteen has been President of the 
 Board.
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 EEMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 
 
 Exeter School Life in 1808. — Recollections of 
 1811. — The Academy in 1822. — Life in Exeter 
 IN 1855. — Aunt Ringe. — Anecdotes. 
 
 "Forsan et haec olim merainisse juvabit." 
 
 ^NEID, I. 203. 
 
 '' I ^HE following. recollections of Exeter school days 
 have been kindly contributed by gentlemen who 
 years ago were students at the Academy. We feel 
 sure tliat old and new scholars will alike be deeply 
 interested in this chapter of memorabilia. 
 
 EXETER SCHOOL LIFE IN 1808. 
 
 I WAS just twelve years of age when I entered the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy, in 1808, having travelled 
 alone in the stage-coach from my home in Concord, New 
 Hampshire, to Exeter, by way of Haverhill, Massachu- 
 setts, then the only public mode of conveyance to my 
 destination. My father's acquaintance with Governor 
 Oilman and the Hon. Oliver Peabody led to my early 
 and easy introduction to them, — by whom I was treated 
 with great kindness, and through Judge Peabody found 
 board secured for me in the pleasant family of Captain
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 221 
 
 Luther Dana, a retired shipmaster. Here I continued 
 for more than a year, and then took board with Mrs. 
 Giddings, nearer to the Academy. Dr. Abbot was 
 then its esteemed Principal, and the accomplished 
 N. A. Haven, Jr., the assistant in the large, or Classical 
 room. In the other, or " Philosophy room," as then 
 called, Prof. Eben Adams, soon after transferred to 
 Dartmouth College, was the teacher in the various 
 English branches. Of this department Prof. Hosea 
 Hildrcth was soon after the head, and Reuben Wash- 
 burn, who became the father of Governor P. T. Wash- 
 burn, of Vermont, succeeded to Mr. Haven after the 
 summer term. 
 
 My intimacy with the students was not very great, 
 most of them being older than myself. Of those who 
 afterwards became prominent, Jared Sparks was the 
 foremost ; he came as a " charity scholar " from Con- 
 necticut (from Killingly, I think), and was reported to 
 have come on foot, through his extreme poverty and 
 the lack of cheap travelling facilities at that time. 
 Charles Briggs, who afterwards became a clergyman 
 and preached in Roxbury, Mass., was his near associate 
 in age, in studies, and in pecuniary circumstances. Con- 
 trasted in this last respect were the Tayloes (William H. 
 and Ben Ogle) from Richmond, Va., and their cousin Ben 
 Ogle from Maryland ; Thomas H. Perkins, the Debloises 
 (T. A. and John), Apthorp, Baxter, and Bazin, from Bos- 
 ton ; Thorndike, from Beverly ; the Aliens (Zachariah and 
 Crawford), from Providence ; the Sheafes, Sherbumes,
 
 222 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 and Havens, from Portsmoutli ; Willis from Portland, 
 Me., Duncan from Haverhill, Mass., Hale of Barring- 
 ton, Steele of Durham, Barker of Rochester, the Pea- 
 bodys and the Gilmans of Exeter, and others of that 
 grade in wealth or society. There were also Bidau and 
 Bonhomme from France, and Tyler and one or two 
 others from the West Indies. Prof. John G. Palfrey 
 should not be overlooked as in scholarly connection 
 with President Sparks, though not in such straitened 
 circumstances, or at so advanced an age ; nor should we 
 forget the Hon. John A. Dix. 
 
 We had not adopted the college " hazing," but there 
 was a custom in my Exeter day, " more honored in the 
 breach than the observance," of subjecting the new- 
 comers to climbing a high post in the Academy build- 
 ing, until they could touch the top ceiling ; and another 
 custom, on the first fall of snow, to subject one to being 
 thrown do^vn and "washed," or his face and hands 
 scrubbed by the snow, not unfrequently by a mixture of 
 grit as well as snow. In regard to "post climbing," 
 I remember a student, Alfred Smith, of Durham, — 
 almost a man in age and stature, — having a new coat 
 nearly torn from his back and into tatters on his refusing 
 submission. 
 
 Football was the principal game at which we played 
 for exercise or amusement, — sometimes at bat and ball, 
 — and there was some occasional by-play, out of the ac- 
 customed ring. I recollect some sport being made, at 
 one time, by a little adventure in Leavitt's tavern stable.
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 223 
 
 One of the scholars had been taken into the stable, at 
 the charge of a sixpence, to see " a horse whose head 
 was where his tail ought to be." Coming out with a 
 full realization of the " take in," and willing that others 
 should be caught in the same trap, he was disposed to 
 be silent as to the fraud, and fell in with the precau- 
 tionary measure of the showman, to allow the entrance 
 of but one person at a time, that the horse might not be 
 frightened at a greater number. In this way many of 
 the school were " taken in," each one, on coming out, 
 being ashamed to confess that, for his money, he had 
 seen only a common animal backed up into his stall. 
 
 On a " general muster " occasion at Kingston, where 
 we were allowed to go for the day, some of us were 
 accompanied by a schoolmate whose name was Bro^vn, 
 the son of a poorly paid clergyman at Deer Island, 
 Maine. Brown, though not generally credited with av- 
 erage capacity or shrewdness, on this occasion displayed 
 considerable ingenuity in order to accomplish a de- 
 sired object. There was the side show of a bear or 
 some other animal, which demanded the old-fashioned 
 ninepence for admission. Several of us went into the 
 show; but Brown, in his poverty, stood outside, en- 
 deavoring to beat down the showman in his price. 
 Failing in the mode adopted, and unwilling to lose the 
 sight, he finally tempted the good nature or appreciative 
 humor of the man, by asking whether he might not go 
 in at half-price, in case he would shut up one eye. 
 
 Many of the early students will remember a man of
 
 224 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 venerable appearance, who occasionally was seen in the 
 street, and who, for some indebtedness, was said to be 
 restricted to the jail limits, — the jail yard, or bounds, 
 being rather extensive. This gentleman, who had seen 
 better days, and who had borne civil office and mili- 
 tary rank, was known as General Nathaniel Peabody. 
 He was a man sufficiently gracious in manner, but re- 
 garded as rather lax and graceless in religious " walk 
 and conversation." The following incident, occurring a 
 little after my time, was related to me by an Exeter 
 student as witnessed by him. A theological student, 
 occupying himself, one vacation, in obtaining subscribers 
 for a work to be published in Andover, by Mark New- 
 man, entitled " The Christian's Great Interest," being 
 in Exeter, and seeing the General's venerable form and 
 somewhat clerical attire, accosted him respectfully, with 
 quite confident appearance of success. On telling his 
 object and the title of the book, he was soon met by an 
 unexpected rebuff, in the General's abrupt declaration, 
 " that he did n't want any such work, — that he had 
 no need of it, — that he had learned what that interest 
 
 was, from Parson C years before, — it was twelve, 
 
 eighteen, and twenty-four per cent." 
 
 In the recess of Congress, we often saw in the street 
 a stately gentleman, of courtly address, whose perfect 
 straightness of form was said to have been caused, or 
 continued, by his uniform practice of sleeping as nearly 
 horizontally as possible, with no bolster, and but a 
 slight pillow under his head. This gentleman was the
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 225 
 
 Hon. Nicholas Oilman, then a Senator in Congress 
 from the State of New Hampshire. Being a bachelor, 
 he made his Exeter home with the family of his brother, 
 the Hon. Nathaniel Oilman. An anecdote is told of 
 him, in connection with a well-known " darky " at the 
 seat of government, who, in common with many of 
 the colored race, was accustomed to wait upon gentle- 
 men at Christmas time, and solicit something in return 
 for their greeting of " A merry Christmas." This indi- 
 vidual, well knowing and well known to the Senator, 
 made the customary call, with the usual appeal for the 
 sixpence or shilling. The Senator made strange of 
 him, and demanded to know who he was. " Why, ole 
 Harry," was the answer : " don't you know ole Harry ? " 
 — ^' Oo away," was the reply : '' they call the Devil old 
 Harry." — " Yes, Massa Oilman," was the rejoinder, 
 "some time ole Harry, some time ole Nick." The 
 Senator was so amused by the apt hit upon his own 
 Christian name, that he gave Harry a dollar. 
 
 For lack of time and space, I am obliged to omit 
 many well-remembered incidents of my Exeter days. 
 I cannot close, however, without mentioning " Lawyer " 
 Tobias Cutler (as he was called), and "Knockaree" 
 Marsh, characters whom all students of my day must 
 remember. The " cakes and ale " of the latter are well- 
 remembered refreshments, but I do not suppose they are 
 things only of the past, notwithstanding the fact that 
 the present generation claims to be more " virtuous." 
 
 George Kent. 
 15
 
 226 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 RECOLLECTIONS OF 1811. 
 
 When I was but twelve years of age I was taken by 
 my father, Rev. Hezekiah Packard, from my home in 
 Wiscasset, District of Maine, to Exeter, where I had 
 been admitted to the " Phillips Foundation." It was in 
 June, 1811. My father left me at Captain Haliburton's, 
 the boarding-place of the students who were entered on 
 the Phillips Foundation. It was to be my first expe- 
 rience in living away from home ; and I watched the 
 square-top chaise which had brought me to Exeter 
 until it disappeared from sight down the street by 
 Leavitt's tavern, on its way home, some hundred and 
 twenty miles distant. Then with a sad heart I went 
 into the house, feeling like a forsaken one among 
 strangers. 
 
 I was introduced to Silas Holman, of Boston, as 
 his room-mate. Holman, Jared Sparks, Jonas Under- 
 wood, John Gorham Palfrey, and Charles Briggs were 
 fellow-foundationers. I remember well their kind con- 
 sideration to me, a stranger lad, and their friendly 
 invitation to join them in a walk that evening. Such 
 kindness tended to keep away home-sickness, for the 
 first day or two at least. I remember how, in one of 
 these walks, Sparks narrated his study of stars while at 
 his home in Connecticut, and how he had constructed 
 a rude observatory in an open field from which to 
 observe the heavenly bodies. 
 
 The gentle, motherly care of the excellent Mrs. Hali-
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 227 
 
 burton soon made the place seem home-like to me. I 
 recall, gratefully, the orderliness of this household of stu- 
 dent boarders. Sparks, Underwood, and Holman were 
 men in age and bearing, and had been in the Academy a 
 year or two, so they were looked up to and respected by 
 the younger members. The foundation scholars were 
 doubtless carefully and officially observed by Principal 
 Abbot, but I knew nothing of that. We seemed, in 
 the best sense, to be a law to ourselves. During the 
 year and three months that I was a pupil in the school, 
 I recall no instance of interference, either from landlord 
 and wife, or from the authorities of the Academy. 
 
 In the fall and winter months the foundationers stud- 
 ied together in the dining-room at Mr. Haliburton's, at a 
 long table which stood on the right of the entrance, reg- 
 ulating ourselves by what was called " a bill." While 
 " the bill was on," as the phrase was, any breach of silence 
 was noted by our monitor, and, as a penalty for such 
 an offence, the offender had to build the morning and 
 evening fire. If one of us wished to " communicate " 
 while we thus sat studying, a majority of raised thumbs 
 "took off the bill," for the time; later, we resumed our 
 work. 
 
 During the evening an occasional recess of a few 
 minutes was taken, which was passed by breaking into 
 some sort of fun. In summer, those who preferred to 
 do so, studied in their chambers. The school lessons of 
 the day, with rare exception, were prepared in the 
 schoolroom, under the eye of our teachers. Occasion-
 
 228 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 ally, an older student was allowed to study at his 
 boarding-house. 
 
 I recall the existence of a kind of literary club in that 
 group, and I remember of having read at one of its 
 gatherings a sketch of Linnseus, which I prepared from 
 reading the account of him, I think, in Coxe's Travels 
 in Sweden, Norway, etc. I think I am the sole sur- 
 vivor of that group, and cherish the memories of those 
 halcyon days. 
 
 When I first took my seat in the Academy, in the 
 front row of seats, Nathan Lord (Bowdoin 1809), after- 
 wards President of Dartmouth, was the Assistant, and 
 Hosea Hildreth (Harvard 1805) was Professor of 
 Mathematics and Natural Philosophy. Lord was uni- 
 versally popular in the school. The second term of my 
 pupilage, and the new year of the Academy, opened 
 with H. W. Fuller as assistant, just graduated from 
 Harvard, who for some personal peculiarities was less 
 a favorite. Once during that year, I saw Principal Ab- 
 bot assume the frowTi of Jupiter himself, as he looked 
 toward us. The assistant's desk had been shamefully 
 defiled during the night. In the morning, we assem- 
 bled as usual, a few minutes before the Principal en- 
 tered. Tlie desks of the scholars ascended from the 
 broad aisle on the east and west sides of the room. 
 Those of the Principal and assistant were each enclosed 
 by a low railing, which was entered by a gate, and were 
 placed on each side of the fireplace, opposite the hall 
 entrance. The slow, measured step of the Principal
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 229 
 
 was heard in the outer hall. When he entered, we 
 arose and stood, as was our custom, while he passed, 
 dressed, according to the fashion of that day, in knee- 
 breeches and high boots. With his usual royal bearing 
 he entered his desk. The assistant already sat in his 
 place grim and disgusted. A brief communication from 
 him, and Mr. Abbot descended to the area in front. A 
 look revealed the outrage ; and, standing before the 
 fireplace with a stern glance over the school, he 
 pointed toward the assistant's desk, and exclaimed, 
 " Who has committed that violence ? " Resuming his 
 seat, he asked, " Who had charge of the Academy last 
 night ? " 
 
 I arose from my seat. It was the duty of the " foun- 
 dationers," each in his turn, to close the building at 
 night, and to open it and ring the bell in the morn- 
 ing. I happened to be on duty that week. " Take the 
 key and go up to the library," said Dr. Abbot. The 
 library was in the second story. The Principal followed 
 me, and examined me concerning my service. A day or 
 two after, the attention of the school was called by the 
 Principal. The culprit had been discovered. The vote 
 of the Faculty, " that he should be expelled, and his 
 name be stricken from the roll of membership," was 
 announced in due form, and as he read the sentence he 
 drew his pen across the name of the offender. The 
 scene was a memorable one ; and the impression which 
 it left on us all was not soon forgotten.. 
 
 The spacious hall in the second story was used for
 
 230 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 exercise in declamation, also for the annual examina- 
 tions, and the exhibition, near the end of August. Well 
 do I remember the first exliibition which I attended, 
 when J. G. Palfrey gave the Latin Salutatory, and 
 Jared Sparks was a performer. The circumstances of 
 the day have caused me also to remember distinctly 
 the second one which I attended. It was, however, 
 one of those exhibitions which were held each week, 
 and consequently less formal than the first, but it is 
 worth recalling. Holman and George Bancroft each had 
 a part in a dramatic piece, and the latter, though a lad 
 of only twelve years, personated, with admirable effect, 
 an old man, in a full bottom wig, knee-breeches, and 
 gray hose, to the great diversion of the spectators. I 
 have a perfectly distinct picture in my memory of the 
 scene, and of how the Principal shook his sides with 
 laughter at the spectacle. 
 
 The instmctors and the students generally attended 
 public worship with the Second Society, in the un- 
 painted church edifice on the street a few rods above, 
 or south of, the Academy grounds. The services were 
 conducted for a time, in the absence of a permanent 
 pastor, by Mr. Nathaniel Whitman (Harvard 1809), for- 
 merly an instructor in the Academy, who read the 
 sermons of some approved author. The students occu- 
 pied the galleries ; and I recall the more noticeable 
 members of that congregation, such as Governor Gil- 
 man, and others of that honored name ; also Judges 
 Smith and Peabody, Hon. Samuel Tenney, Captain or
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 231 
 
 rather Colonel Rogers, and the family of each. These 
 we looked down upon from our height of observation. 
 In the winter months, service was held in the Academy 
 Hall, as this was more comfortable (this was before the 
 Yankee stove had come into use). The preacher occu- 
 pied the platform at the upper end, and the students 
 their benches on the sides, while arrangements were 
 made for families in the area, or upper part of the 
 hall. 
 
 Besides those already mentioned as " foundationers " 
 in my day, there were also Abel F. Hildreth (Harvard 
 1818), Lyndon A. Smith (Dartmouth 1817), Reuben 
 B. Lowell, from Thomaston, Me., and Elias Hull, from 
 Seabrook. Among my schoolmates who were not on 
 the foundation I specially recall George G. Ingersoll 
 (Harvard 1815), Benjamin Ogle Tayloe (Harvard 1815), 
 and his brother Edward, nicknamed " Giant," from 
 his diminutive stature. There were also William and 
 Edwin Channing, Jonathan P. Gushing (Dartmouth 
 1817), afterwards President of Hampden-Sidney, Vir- 
 ginia, the twin Peabodys (Harvard 1816), John x\. 
 Richardson (Dartmouth 1816), and Richard Bartlett 
 •(Dartmouth 1815), whom we called "our politician," 
 as we thought him to be a disciple of that some- 
 what noted political character. General Peabody, who 
 was then an inmate of the debtor's prison across the 
 river. 
 
 It may be of interest to some to know that in my 
 school days the Grseca Minora was required for adrais-
 
 232 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 sion to Harvard College. At Bowdoiii and other col- 
 leges, the Greek Testament was required. Owing to 
 this, both were studied at the Academy, and although 
 my examination in that language was confined to the 
 Greek Testament, yet I did not regard it a loss of time 
 that the Minora was added to my scanty stock of 
 Greek. 
 
 Besides walks in the village and its environs, the 
 out-door amusements were football in autumn, skating 
 on " Little River " in its season, and bat-ball in the 
 spring. The military company of the school afforded 
 ample recreation during the summer term. Of this 
 company Charles Briggs was the first captain; Silas 
 Holman was second captain, under whom I served. 
 We drilled every day in the Academy yard. As soon 
 as we became sufficiently organized and practised, we, 
 in our way, paid our first military honor to our teachers. 
 After our dismission from the afternoon session of 
 school on that day, we hurried to seize our equipments, 
 which were stored in the entrance hall. Passing into 
 the yard, we formed in open column in front of the 
 Academy in order to salute with "present arms" 
 the Preceptor, Professor, and Assistant, as they left the* 
 building. We had a genuine " field day," when, with 
 drum and fife, we marched through the streets of the 
 village, and drew up in front of the residences of the 
 Trustees of the Academy and magnates of the town, 
 and were refreshed by the courteous hospitalities of 
 those thus complimented. The Cadets, as they would
 
 VIEW ON WATER STREET. 
 
 THE PRINCIPAL'S HOUSE.
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 233 
 
 be styled in these days, paraded again at the close of 
 the annual exhibition. 
 
 The evening before the Fourth of July it was the 
 custom of the students to light a tar-barrel in a portion 
 of the Academy grounds. A severe drought in my 
 year rendered it somewhat hazardous. By direction 
 of the Faculty this year the sport was transferred to 
 " Jady Hill/' across the river, and there we welcomed 
 the coming day. 
 
 We bathed in the lower Swamscot, just outside the 
 village. As I pass on the railroad, even now, I always 
 look for that spot, and think I recognize where was 
 situated the pier from which we were wont to make 
 the plunge, and swim to the two-story dwelling on the 
 high river-bank just below, a dwelHng then unpainted, 
 but now showing modern improvement and taste. 
 There I learned to swim. 
 
 A favorite stroll was on the road leading southerly 
 from the village, on the left of the Haverhill road, 
 where stood the solitary abode of a gray-haired ne- 
 gro, with a rude drawing over the entrance. The 
 drawing portrayed a man shooting a bear. The same 
 road led to a pasture, — our nutting ground. On a 
 wood path on the left was the abode of a Dinah, who 
 used to entice the students with her root beer and 
 cakes. Exeter was specially favored by that race, as 
 one might have seen on the "bobolition" celebration 
 of the abolition of slavery in England and her colonies 
 by the efforts of Wilberforce and Clarkson. My recol-
 
 234 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 lection is of a motley procession of them, on that day, 
 with music, banners, guns, and pikes, parading the 
 streets, and saluting the residences of prominent citi- 
 zens, courteously, though not with entire gravity, re- 
 ceived or observed by all. 
 
 When the courts were in session, we occasionally, as 
 boyish curiosity prom.pted, strolled in to see what was 
 going on. I there first saw Jeremiah Mason and 
 Daniel Webster, Portsmouth lawyers, just entering on a 
 famous career, and the towering stature of the one, and 
 the tall, somewhat spare form of the other, together 
 with his dark brow and eye and his raven-black hair, 
 made an impression upon me never to be forgotten. 
 George Sullivan and Ex-Governor Judge Smith were 
 also to be noted. The spring elections were held in 
 that court-room, and I have before my mind's eye the 
 imposing figure of Governor Gilman, rising from his seat 
 of honor, assigned him by the town officers, to cast his 
 vote in the election. He himself was one of the guber- 
 natorial candidates. In that day of simple, dignified 
 honesty, I thought to myself that the Governor, of 
 course, would not vote for himself. 
 
 It gives me great pleasure to review in this way the 
 memory of the admirable discipline and manners of the 
 school of seventy years ago, if that could be called dis- 
 cipline, where was never heard a loud tone of censure 
 or command, — no motion seen to quell disorder, except 
 now and then a light tap at the desk of the Principal. 
 There were rebukes, and sometimes severer methods,
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 235 
 
 but such were always administered in the library, and 
 always with eflfect ; for in presence of the school the 
 erring one was directed to go to the library, while the 
 Principal followed with impressive bearing, and we 
 knew that it was a grave occasion. Mr. Abbot, who 
 soon became Dr. Abbot, was feared, respected, and 
 loved alike by student and townsman; and the deco- 
 rum and manly bearing which characterized the school 
 while he was at its head must have deeply impressed 
 itself upon the lives of those who were so fortunate as 
 to be his pupils. 
 
 A. S. Packard. 
 
 THE ACADEMY IN 1822. 
 
 Entering at Exeter in 1822, I remained about four 
 years. My teacher in Latin was Dr. Abbot ; in Greek, 
 Gideon L. Soule ; and in Mathematics, John P. Cleave- 
 land. Of all my classmates I remember James C. 
 Richmond, of Providence, the best. He was a brilliant 
 and rapid scholar. I remember, too, James Sullivan, 
 of Exeter, a rough yojing boy, who showed the dia- 
 mond as fast as it was cut. I tried to hold a decent 
 rank in the languages, was a member of the Golden 
 Branch, and on leaving was assigned the Latin Salu- 
 tatory; having occupied the Monitor's chair during 
 my last year. 
 
 The Monitor was appointed from among the oldest 
 and most advanced students. It was an honorable
 
 236 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 office, and the holder sat in a conspicuous seat. When 
 the office was vacant, a successor was commissioned by 
 the Preceptor, who simply announced, "Jones, you 
 will take the book." The Monitor kept a register, and 
 for any misconduct he placed a mark against the delin- 
 quent's name. From this book there was no appeal. 
 The school was as orderly under the Monitor as under 
 the Principal. Indeed, if, as rarely happened, an occar 
 sion for some slight correction occurred, in the presence 
 of the Principal the Monitor's book was the medium 
 of correction ; the Doctor denouncing, " Monitor, note 
 Smith." 
 
 The assembled school, over which my eye so often 
 swept, seems still fresh before me ; but during these 
 sixty years nearly all the individual faces have faded 
 from me. I clearly recall John H. Morison, a large, 
 awkward country boy, whose benevolent countenance 
 glowed with intellect, and who was very popular. In 
 our time, the students sat in the Academy under the 
 care of their teachers during the day. They assembled 
 in the Preceptor's room, in the morning, for religious 
 exercises. The boys read from the Bible a chapter or 
 part of one, two verses each in rotation as they were 
 seated, each rising to read. The boy sitting next the 
 one who ended the lesson carefully noted the place, 
 and began there the next morning. After a prayer by 
 the teacher whose turn it was to conduct the service, 
 teachers and pupils repaired to their respective rooms, 
 and recitations commenced. In this large room the
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 237 
 
 Monitor always presided in the absence of a teacher. 
 When the Doctor entered, all arose and stood till he 
 took his place at his desk ; and the same respect was 
 rendered whenever he passed out and left the Monitor 
 in charge. When the hour for closing the day arrived, 
 at the tap of the bell all assembled, as in the morning, 
 to hear the Preceptor read the Bible and pray. Then 
 he called, " Monitor, whose duty is it to sweep ? " The 
 Monitor, with his eye on the two names against which 
 stood the most marks, answered, " Smith and Jones." 
 " Smith and Jones sweep," ordered the Doctor ; and 
 the doom was irrevocable. Then the school was dis- 
 missed, the boys filed out in order, and bowed as they 
 passed the Preceptor's desk. The duty to sweep was 
 no sinecure. The pair appointed had to remain and 
 sweep the room thoroughly, and, if fire was necessary, to 
 bring from the basement sufficient wood for the next 
 day's supply, and to have a good fire early and to tend 
 it during the day. Two were always appointed ; and if 
 the Monitor's book did not furnish culprits, then he 
 drew the requisite names from the alphabetical list. In 
 this drawing, any student in the room was liable to be 
 chosen. In the morning when the Doctor took his 
 place at his desk, which was closed, like an old-fash- 
 ioned pulpit, he glanced around it, and if the space 
 within the railing had not been well swept, he called, 
 " Monitor, who swept last ? " " Smith and Jones, sir." 
 " Smith and Jones, sweep to-morrow ! " To-morrow the 
 desk was not neglected.
 
 238 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 The " Tardy Monitor '" kept account of absence and 
 tardiness. His book was laid on the Preceptor's desk 
 at the end of each week. A single tardy mark against 
 a name the Preceptor cancelled without question ; but 
 more marks or an absence subjected the delinquent to 
 close scrutiny, and perhaps to further trouble. The 
 rule for attending prayers on Sunday morning was 
 rigid. No fire v/as lighted, yet neither weather nor 
 distance excused one from attending that service. The 
 first bell on Sunday morning, in the winter time, was 
 rung at sunrise. Fifteen minutes were allowed to the 
 end of the second bell, and it was interesting, on a 
 morning when the blue snow was sweeping across 
 the paths, and the thermometer stood at zero, to 
 see the boys tightening their cloaks about them, and 
 hastening from all points to the glad covert of the cold 
 Academy, 
 
 Among my earliest memories of the town, I recollect 
 the old meeting-house that stood on the west side ot 
 the main street, a little way south from the entrance to 
 Tan Lane. I attended meeting in it one Sunday. The 
 sermon was by Rev. Thomas C. Upham, afterwards 
 Professor in Bowdoin College. His theme was the 
 unrighteous condemnation of Christ, judged even by 
 the laws of his accusers. I think this was the last 
 time the house was used for worship, it being taken 
 down directly after. It was a wooden structure, with 
 a very tall, slim spire springing from the ground, and 
 connected with the main building only on one side.
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 239 
 
 The carpenters proceeded first to detach this spire, 
 " emoti procumbuut cardiue postes," and, with a shock 
 that startled the villagers, it fell diagonally across the 
 road. " Dedit ampla ruinam." The gathering boys 
 wondered at the size of the weathercock, and curiously 
 noted the shot with which some unhallowed gunner 
 had peppered it long ago. 
 
 As with the schoolroom, so with the playground. 
 The whole picture is full of life, but the particulars have 
 faded. I have hardly forgotten Jeremiah Kimball, a 
 large, elderly, sober lad, not much given to play. One 
 day, the football fell far away from the crowd, and lay 
 tempting before him. He drew back, and spent his 
 full force ; but the ball did not move, because — he 
 had aimed too low, and kicked the solid root of a tree ! 
 Jerry is still dancing on one foot, and squeezing the toes 
 of the other in his hand, — and with what a grimace ! 
 
 Next, the contending players came to close quarters 
 in a jam against the front fence, with the ball in the 
 midst. In the hubbub one of us caught up David 
 Wells, of Deerfield, and threw him over the fence, into 
 the street. He was tall, and his long legs were some 
 impediment in crossing the fence ; but when he was 
 well over, what with shouting on one side, and howl- 
 ing disgust on the other, the fence separated very dis- 
 tinct styles of vociferation. Thirty years after this, a 
 lady in a far-oflF city laughingly reminded me of the 
 scene ; she, a girl, having witnessed it from her ynn- 
 dow across the common. 
 
 Moses Soule.
 
 240 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 LIFE IN EXETER IN 1855. 
 
 I SHALL never forget John Emery's house, on Water 
 Street, and the long, narrow room which I occupied, 
 with its windows looking toward the woods, and down 
 the river ; nor shall I forget the old man and his kind 
 wife. I had never been away from home before, and 
 the life at Exeter was new and strange. The room 
 opi^osite mine was occupied by C. C. Salter, of Ports- 
 mouth, a new boy, who afterwards became a successful 
 Unitarian clergyman, but who was early called away 
 from his labors on earth. The other boys were from 
 New York, Texas, Northern New Hampshire, Mas- 
 sachusetts, and Louisiana, all of them older than 
 myself. 
 
 The first interview with Dr. Soule, when he gave me 
 a brief examination to determine in what class I should 
 be entered, took place in his pleasant study, which 
 looked out on to a large garden. It was an experience 
 to be remembered, though now somewhat dimmed by 
 the remembrance of my first day of Exeter school life. 
 The large schoolroom, in which so many had studied, 
 who afterwards won for themselves national honor, 
 was filled with boys from all parts of the country. 
 How well I recall my surprise at the rising of all the 
 scholars when the Doctor entered to open the school 
 with the well-remembered prayer, — a prayer which we 
 could soon repeat as well as the Doctor himself. How 
 well I recall my first recitation to Mr. Hoyt, afterwards
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 241 
 
 Chancellor of Washington University. These first im- 
 pressions will never be effaced. 
 
 I arrived in Exeter at the opening of the summer 
 term, and enjoyed to the full the walks in the woods in 
 search of May flowers, the visits to the pottery, where 
 we were never weary of watching the skilful fingers of 
 the potter, the rides occasionally enjoyed, to Hampton 
 and Rye, and the exciting games of football. Not so 
 pleasant was the " sweeping out," in punishment for 
 some transgression of order ; or the anxious watching 
 of the Doctor's fingers, as he took one name after 
 another from the box, — in terror lest mine should 
 come, when my lesson was not well learned ; or the 
 various kinds of hazing to which I, with other new- 
 comers, was subjected. 
 
 I shall ever remember the Christmas season, when 
 we " confiscated," as we called it when afterwards in 
 the army, one from John Emery's flock of geese, and 
 how we stewed it, for we had no other means of cook- 
 ing, and wondered at its unusual toughness. This was 
 all explained when the old man remarked at breakfast, 
 the next morning, in tones of sorrow, that he could not 
 find the gander which he had owned for over ten years. 
 And I shall never forget the expeditious after apples in 
 the orchards surrounding the town, — apples which I 
 shall always believe to have been the best in the world ; 
 also the fights between the " townies " and the " cads," 
 as the Academy boys were then called. I specially 
 remember the ringing of the Academy bell, one Fourth 
 
 16
 
 242 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 of July, when no watchman was on hand, because, as 
 the Doctor remarked, when addressing the school after 
 the holiday, he had trusted in the honor of the stu- 
 dents. After this address, how small and mean we all 
 felt, and how we resolved never again to do a dishon- 
 orable act ! 
 
 Fresh in my mind is the first entrance into the 
 mysterious room in the east wing of the old Academy, 
 appropriated to the Golden Branch, and my pride when 
 I wore the Golden Branch badge with " F. S. T." 
 thereon inscribed. Plainly before my mind come the 
 forms of my friends, some dead, others gone, I know 
 not where, and yet others, who to-day are conferring 
 honor on the Academy which did so much to prepare 
 them for the duties of life. But this is no place to 
 speak of them ; what is needed is a reminiscence of 
 life in Exeter. 
 
 The old wooden club-house was in existence when I 
 was there, the brick one was not yet completed, and 
 many of the boys boarded about the to^vn. On the 
 whole, we were a quiet set of boys, and but few gave 
 any trouble. Dr. Soule, INIr. Hoyt, and Mr. Sawyer 
 were the teachers, and they did good work. 
 
 A few of the boys rowed on the river, all played foot- 
 ball and other games, though there were no clubs, and 
 many of us spent the half-holidays in going on tramps 
 through the woods, with an occasional night of stolen 
 pleasure, when we camped out, little dreaming that 
 most of us would camp out under far different circum-
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 243 
 
 stances when we had donned the blue and shouldered 
 the musket. 
 
 At the close of the summer term, the custom had 
 been before mj time, and it was continued afterwards, 
 to hold a celebration in the large hall over the Acad- 
 emy ; there a poem and an oration were delivered. A 
 hot contest for the offices, prolonged for several days, 
 engendered such an uncomfortable feeling that in 1856 
 no celebration was held. 
 
 I have often intended revisiting Exeter, but am glad 
 that I have never seen it since I left for Harvard, in the 
 summer of 1856 ; for now the picture has never been 
 dimmed, and it is as fresh in my mind as it was when I 
 walked its streets, rambled through its woods, examined 
 the books in Lovering's bookstore, and sat in the old 
 Unitarian Church to listen to Rev. Mr. Cole. At this 
 church several of us fell into sad disgrace, when a min- 
 ister from abroad detected us in reading magazines 
 instead of listening to his eloquence. As I sit in my 
 study more than a thousand miles from the old town, 
 the unaccustomed snow all about the streets of this 
 city, which was only just starting when I was at Exeter, 
 I forget the years which have passed, annihilate the 
 distance, and am once more starting from my room to 
 hurry through the snow, that I may be in time for 
 " chapel." Again the old, familiar forms come trooping 
 into the great room of the Academy, and, seeing an old 
 graduate on the platform, we give him the time-honored 
 salute, which even the grave Doctor permits. I wake
 
 244 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 from this dream, wondering whether I shall ever revisit 
 Exeter, and whether the students would welcome me as 
 we greeted the "old scholars" in that time, so long 
 ago. 
 
 William E. Copeland. 
 
 AUNT RINGE. 
 
 In the days of Doctor Abbot, a woman who always 
 went by the name of Aunt Ringe took students to 
 board. In those days but few boys had fires in their 
 own rooms, and so it was customary for them to study 
 in the living room of the family with whom they 
 boarded. In the house of Aunt Ringe, however, the 
 boys each evening had the dining-room quite to them- 
 selves, and on this account it was a favorite boarding- 
 place. A custom of the house was the ringing of a nine- 
 o'clock bell ; this was the signal for the boys to fold 
 their books, and like the Arabs, to "silently steal 
 away." They seldom grumbled, or begged to be al- 
 lowed to sit up later, but, one night after the bell had 
 been rung, they all remained and studied with a zeal 
 which, during the day, would be more commendable 
 than common. Aunt Ringe observed that the young 
 men were not disposed to retire, and so began, after the 
 manner of women, to ask questions. " Boys, did n't 
 you hear that bell ? " " 0, let us stay a little while 
 longer," said the boys, suddenly disposed to be studious. 
 " Did n't you hear that bell ? " was the only response.
 
 REMINISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 245 
 
 " Just a few moments more." " Did n't you hear that 
 bell ? " 
 
 Not even students could stand such a volley of 
 questions, and, worsted in the debate, they retired from 
 the dining-room. Once up stairs, however, they all 
 began to march back and forth, from room to room, in 
 a manner which would have been a model even for the 
 Exeter police force. They took great care not to close 
 the doors carefully, and the good lady of the house 
 listened patiently until midnight to the ceaseless tramp 
 of the young Trojans. Then, taking her stand at the 
 foot of the stairs, she called one of the boys down, and, 
 taking him affectionately by the collar, plunged him 
 forthwith out of the front door into the snow. We 
 assure you that he was not long lonesome out in the 
 dark night, for before the bewildered youth could pick 
 himself up and collect his scattered senses, he had 
 company. 
 
 Thus, calling all the young patrolmen one by one, 
 she escorted them to the door, and saw them across the 
 threshold. Among the number is said to have been the 
 son of Dr. Gideon Soule. Once out in the stormy night, 
 for the snow was falling fast, these young mischief- 
 makers either walked about in a dazed way till dawn, 
 or else found shelter and solace with some schoolmate. 
 
 The next day Aunt Ringe told Dr. Abbot that a few 
 of the boys could return, but some of them never could 
 board with her again. The result was, that she had no 
 boarders the next year, but only for that year, for after-
 
 246 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 wards her house was ever full. The boys well knew 
 the real kindness of her heart, and, after all, admired 
 her resolution and old-fashioned New England pluck. 
 In fact, she became quite a heroine. 
 
 ANECDOTES. 
 
 A FORMER student writes : — 
 
 " Messrs. Cilley and Wentworth were in my time 
 much as you see them now, — good teachers, who did 
 their work on the cast-iron principle of ' Do the work 
 and fill the pattern, or go when the term ends.' 
 
 " Professor Wentworth was, I think, the best-educated 
 teacher we had. He was the only one in my time who 
 ever said anything in the. class-room, outside of the 
 lesson. I remember once or twice when we got the 
 laugh on him, and the boys applauded to the echo. I 
 was up in Greek history one day, describing the battle 
 of JNIarathon, and inadvertently said ' fit ' for ' fought.' 
 
 In a moment he was on me, witli ' Well, , do you 
 
 find that word in your vocabulary ? ' ' Yes, sir,' I said, 
 " third person singular indicative present, from jio" 
 The boys fairly yelled, and amid the din he ' flunked ' 
 me and called up the next victim. 
 
 "Mr. Wentworth was a red-hot Republican during 
 the war times. Decrj'ing one day the general ignorance 
 of young Americans about things much talked about, 
 he declared that not three boys in the class could tell 
 the meaning of the word liberty. An ambitious Demo-
 
 RE31Ij^ISCENCES AND ANECDOTES. 247 
 
 crat, knowing that Fort Warren was then filled with 
 political prisoners, held up his hand. The Professor 
 nodded an assent, and was told that it meant filling 
 jails and bastiles with free citizens, — to the amuse- 
 ment of the applauding class." 
 
 Of Dr. Soule, one writes : — " The old Doctor was 
 constitutionally opposed to drinking. One day, a class- 
 mate of mine, whom I will call Smith, got gloriously 
 drunk. The Doctor called him up, and made him 
 detail the course of the spree, which included a visit to 
 the three or four groggeries of the village, and the 
 absorption of four or five glasses of ale, three glasses of 
 wine, and a horn or two of whiskey. In holy horror, as 
 Smith ended the enumeration, the Doctor held up his 
 hands, saying, ' Why, Smith, if I at my age had drank 
 that much, I should have been carried home on a 
 stretcher.' 'Possibly,' said the imperturbable Smith, 
 'some heads are constitutionally weak to spiritual 
 influences.' The Doctor smote off Smith's academic 
 head that instant, and he went home on the evening 
 train."
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 SOCIETIES. 
 
 The Christian Fraternity. — The Golden Branch. 
 — The G. L. Soule Literary Society. — The Boat 
 Club. — The Athletic Association. 
 
 nPHE societies of the Phillips Exeter Academy are, 
 at present, six in number ; namely, the Christian 
 Fraternity, the Golden Branch, the G. L. Soule Literary 
 Society, the Boat Club, the Athletic Association, and 
 the n K A. Of these the first is a religious society, 
 which holds its meetings every Sunday evening for the 
 discussion of some portion of the Scriptures ; the two 
 next are literary, and aim at giving their members 
 practice in parliamentary law and in debate ; while the 
 Boat Club and Athletic Association are merely organi- 
 zations for the support of the various athletic interests 
 of the students. The 11 K A i& secret in its aims and 
 in its meetings, and comes under the head of what are 
 generally known as Greek-letter fraternities. 
 
 We have endeavored, in the following pages, to give 
 a brief but accurate account of each of these societies, 
 from its foundation to the present time, shoMdng what 
 have been its objects, and with what success it has 
 met. Of the U K A, as will be readily understood, 
 but little can be said.
 
 SOCIETIES. 249 
 
 In addition to the organizations mentioned above, 
 other societies have from time to time been formed in 
 the school ; of these but slight mention is made, as 
 they no longer exist. 
 
 THE CHRISTIAN FRATERNITY. 
 
 " Remember now thy Creator in the days of thy youth." 
 
 EccLES. xii. 1. 
 
 " For righteousness exalteth a nation." — Prov. xiv. 34. 
 
 One Sabbath evening, many years ago,^ nine young 
 men,2 all students of the Phillips Exeter Academy, met 
 together for the first time, to hold a prayer-meeting. 
 After a few preliminary remarks on the proper mode of 
 instituting such a meeting, it was proposed " that we 
 all kneel, and ask God in prayer for Divine guidance 
 and direction." ^ So reads the old record. 
 
 On the Wednesday following this meeting, these 
 young men again met, and, on the principle that 
 " Union is strength," determined to found a permanent 
 organization. At this meeting a committee was ap- 
 pointed to draft a constitution. April 23, 1856, the 
 report of this committee having been received, the 
 constitution was adopted, and the Christian Fraternity 
 
 1 April 13, 1856. 
 
 2 The names of the nine founders of this society are as fol- 
 lows : George W. Atherton, H. M. Sanborn, S. C. Richardson, A. S. 
 Symmes. T. S. Dodge, Daniel B. Fitts, Albert L. Norris, George 
 W. Barber, and Gilman C. Hickok. 
 
 ' Records of the Christian Fraternity, Vol. I.
 
 250 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 of the Phillips Exeter Academy became a duly organ- 
 ized society. Although the meetings of this young and 
 feeble society were for many years but thinly attended, 
 they were nevertheless delightful occasions, and did 
 much good, as the records plainly indicate. These old 
 records are themselves wonderful writings. Thoroughly 
 fresh and wholesome, they revive one like a sudden 
 breeze from a mountain height. Among the signers of 
 the constitution we find, written in round, schoolboy 
 characters, the autographs of many men who have since 
 become distinguished for great and good works, and 
 honest, brave lives. 
 
 The officers of the society are but three, — President, 
 Vice-President, and Secretary. Application for mem- 
 bership may be made by any student of the Academy, 
 who " believes his sins are forgiven for Christ's sake," 
 but his election must be unanimous. The meetings, 
 formerly held semiweekly, at private houses, are now 
 held each Sunday, in room No. 3 of the Academy ; 
 they are open to all, and are largely attended by the 
 students. The anniversary of the founding of the 
 society is celebrated in the school chapel on the last 
 Sunday in the spring term ; on these occasions the 
 President makes a brief address, essays are read by 
 the members, and hymns are sung. 
 
 From the introductory address of the President ^ 
 delivered at the twenty-sixth anniversary of the society, 
 one will perhaps obtain as good an idea of the growth 
 1 Frank H. Cunniughatn.
 
 SOCIETIES. 251 
 
 and work of the society as ia any other way. It is as 
 follows : — 
 
 " Members and friends of the Christian Fraternity, — 
 We come together for the last time this year, and we 
 come to celebrate the twenty-sixth anniversary of our 
 beloved society. During these twenty-six years the 
 society has enrolled three hundred and fifty-three mem- 
 bers, an average of thirteen, increasing from nine to 
 twenty-eight, the present number. The average attend- 
 ance of its meetings has increased, from eight in 1856, and 
 seventeen in 1870, to over fifty during the present year. 
 Since 1856 it has held over thirteen hundred regular 
 meetings, beside many informal prayer-meetings, in pri- 
 vate houses, in the jail, and at the bedsides of the sick. 
 Throughout all these years the Lord has been with us, to 
 aid and to bless ; but I feel sure that, had we lived nearer 
 the Lord throughout all these years, much more good 
 could have been done, many more saved, and our own 
 lives made richer and more valuable. What shall we do 
 with the power we possess? Shall we wilfully waste 
 it, — shall we hide it, in fear and trembling, like the 
 slothful servant, — or shall we go courageously forward, 
 leading prayerful Christian lives, raising the helpless, en- 
 couraging the weak, helping the needy, — in short, doing 
 actual work? Visiting the old Phillips manse in North 
 Andover, two weeks ago, the great-granddaughters of 
 our Founder's brother sent you a message. Shaking her 
 forefinger, one of these good ladies said, with great ear- 
 nestness, ' Tell the boys to cling to the faith ! Tell them 
 to cling to the faith ! For just as sure as they desert it, 
 I believe the ghosts of the founders will rise and haunt 
 them.'
 
 252 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 " Let us cling to the faith. Acts make habits ; habits, 
 characters; and characters, destinies; and rest assured 
 that, if we but hold fast, if we are humble, yet brave, and 
 if we work and pray, our destinies will not fail to crown 
 our hopes with success." 
 
 THE GOLDEN BRANCH SOCIET'T OF THE PHILLIPS 
 EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 " jFrunDsf)tp'3 Samti 2Pu." 
 
 "Latet arbore opaca 
 Aureus et foliis et lento vimine ramus, 
 Junoni infernae dictus sacer." — ^n. VI. 136. 
 
 The Trojan war was ended. Troy was in ashes and 
 the kingdom of Priam was no more, when iEneas 
 and his little band of followers sought the base of 
 Antandros to build the fleet which was to carry them 
 over the deep to a better land, and away from the 
 smoking ruins of their once beautiful city. After much 
 preparation they set sail, and for many long and weary 
 months we find them tossed about on the sea. But 
 one bright morning the fleet sails into the harbor of 
 Cumse. The sails are furled, and ^Eneas goes in haste 
 to consult the Sibyl, so famous for her oracles, and into 
 her ear he pours the request that he may \isit the world 
 of Pluto and see his beloved father xinchises. No king 
 on his throne was ever more happy than he, as, in 
 obedience to the Sibyl's words, he goes in search of the 
 " Golden Branch " of the golden tree, which is to give 
 him an entrance into the lower world, and the opportu-
 
 SOCIETIES. 253 
 
 nity once more to see Ancliises. Having found it, he 
 easily persuades the gray-haired Charon to ferry hira 
 over the dark river, and, protected by the mighty influ- 
 ence of the " Golden Branch " which he carries in his 
 hand, he gazes upon an unknoAvn world. 
 
 With passing years the Golden Branch has lost none 
 of its power. The Golden Branch of J^]neas conducted 
 him into the world of spirits in safety, and the Golden 
 Branch of the Phillips Exeter Academy for sixty-five 
 years has been ushering its members into the world of 
 men, where, like the Trojan hero, they gaze in astonish- 
 ment upon things before unseen. The Golden Branch is 
 to-day trying to train young men to speak in the pulpit, 
 at the bar, and in the senate, and is succeeding admira- 
 bly, as can be shown by the large number of statesmen, 
 lawyers, and clergymen who are proud to confess that 
 they began their careers with fear and trembling, with 
 downcast faces and hands in their pockets, before a 
 Golden Branch audience. From the very time when 
 Anchises bade farewell to his son, and in words most 
 eloquent told him of the kingdom that he was to found, 
 and of the glory of Rome and of the Csesars, the 
 Golden Branch has always been an inspiration to 
 eloquence. 
 
 Before this society came into existence there was for 
 a time an organization called the Rhetorical Society of 
 the Phillips Exeter Academy. Its constitution resem- 
 bled that of the Golden Branch, and among its members 
 we find the names of A. F. Hildreth, Jonathan Phillips
 
 254 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 fa relative of the Founder of the Academy), George 
 Bancroft, the historian, Gideon L. Soule, and Charles 
 Soule, who afterwards became the Founder and first 
 President of the Golden Branch. They held meetings 
 every two weeks, and each one present was obliged to 
 be prepared with a declamation, either original or other- 
 wise. In 1820 this society ceased to exist. Two years 
 before this the Golden Branch had been founded. On 
 the evening of July 16, 1818, the ten original members ^ 
 of this society assembled in the Academy, where Pro- 
 fessor Hildreth performed the initiating ceremonies with 
 the assistance of Mr. 0. W. B. Peabody, who read the 
 constitution and laws which were then adopted. At 
 the next meeting Charles Soule was chosen President, 
 and the following question was discussed : " To which 
 should we submit with less reluctance, the privation of 
 sight or hearing ? " No doubt that question was dis- 
 cussed and settled for all time by the wise words and 
 votes of the members, as many other weighty matters 
 have been discussed and decided upon by their succes- 
 sors in the same society. The constitution, by-laws, 
 and form of initiation, as presented to the society by 
 Professor Hildreth and accepted, differed only in a few 
 points from those we now use. It was then a secret 
 society, and each candidate for admission must solemnly 
 swear, before God and the assembled witnesses, that if, 
 
 1 John G. Merrill, "David R. Straw, George W. Gordon, Jonathan 
 Ward, Jr., John Kelley, W. A. Wliitwell, Elijah Colburn, Thomas 
 W. Dorr, John P. Robinson, and Charles Soule.
 
 SOCIETIES. 255 
 
 after becoming acquainted with the objects of the 
 association, he should decline to become a member, he 
 should never reveal what he had already heard and 
 seen. This " iron-clad " oath was too much for some of 
 the more timid boys, and many of them, having been 
 initiated thus far, did not' desire any further knowledge 
 of the mysteries of the Golden Branch, and were cast 
 among the gentiles without. The society adopted the 
 motto " F. S. T." (which interpreted means " Friend- 
 ship's Sacred Tie "), and even kept the translation of 
 these mysterious letters from those who were not 
 " brothers." 
 
 The presidents and the critics are continually exhort- 
 ing their brothers to stand firmly together, as if they 
 were the common enemies of all outsiders. The consti- 
 tution provided that meetings should be held once in 
 two weeks, and so every other Saturday afternoon they 
 met in the exhibition hall if it were summer, but if 
 winter in the main hall or Latin room, where the 
 Trustees furnished them with fuel. There for about 
 four hours they held secret session. This of course 
 aroused the curiosity of the other students, and we 
 shall see later how it was the cause of trouble and 
 ill-feeling. 
 
 The first inaugural address of the President of the 
 Golden Branch was delivered by President Robinson, in 
 1824, and ever since that time it has been customary 
 for that officer to address the society when he enters 
 upon the duties of his office. A part of President
 
 256 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Robinson's address is interesting, as it shows how 
 little the town-boys and students loved each other. 
 But a few years before his time, he says, " the boys 
 used to go out armed to a man with cudgels, clubs, and 
 even pistols, and meet the foe armed in a like manner 
 (with the addition of a fife and drum), with almost as 
 much spirit and animosity as two armies meet to decide 
 some long-debated contest, . . . when the instructors, 
 the Trustees, and even the town officers were called out 
 to still the commotion." He adds, that the good old 
 matrons used to wonder what made the boys so much 
 more peaceable in his time, and thought it because they 
 were smaller ; but President Robinson shows us that it 
 was the effect of the Golden Branch. The boys knew 
 well that to enter this society they must be of good 
 character, as well as good scholars. They therefore 
 restrained their desires for a riot and a fight more on 
 account of the Golden Branch than on account of their 
 smallness of stature. However, sometimes after becom- 
 ing members they seem to have forgotten their desire to 
 be virtuous, and the records tell us that several were 
 caught in the act of whittling chairs, and fined for the 
 offence. We now come to the stormy times of 1840 
 and thereabout. 
 
 The Golden Branch was at the time, and had always 
 been, a secret society. The members, bound together by 
 an iron-creed and " Friendship's Sacred Tie," were happy 
 in one another's love ; but outside this little company 
 the boys were " nursing their wrath to keep it warm."
 
 SOCIETIES. 257 
 
 Whenever the shingle bearing the mystic letters 
 "F. S. T." (the sign for a Golden Branch meeting) 
 was hung out, it was always greeted with cries of 
 "Fools Stick Together," and "Father Soule's Todd- 
 hoppers." Many were kept out of the society by some 
 single enemy, as at that time it required a unanimous 
 vote for admission. Wlien the rejected candidates and 
 several members of the Golden Branch undertook to 
 found a new society under the name of the Phillips 
 Debating Club, they were informed by the Preceptor 
 that one society only could be allowed in the school, 
 and some of the leaders of the new society were 
 expelled. The Preceptor thought that two rival socie- 
 ties could not dwell together in peace ; but we have 
 lived to see the day when side by side, in perfect 
 harmony, the Golden Branch and the G. L. Soule 
 Literary Society exist and do their work. The late 
 President Chadbourne of the Massachusetts Agricul- 
 tural College, who was a member in 1845, writes 
 that politics at that time ran high, and there was 
 as much excitement about the election of officers as 
 we see now in the wider field of politics. There could 
 be seen traits of character which later life has only 
 made clearer. Sometimes the debates were loud and 
 long. 
 
 One evening they assembled to discuss "immigra- 
 tion." The Secretary thus describes the meeting : "An 
 ever memorable scene took place then, in relation 
 to the reconsideration of a vote passed at a previous 
 
 17
 
 258 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 meeting to hold the election of officers after the anni- 
 versary. ]VIy humble abilities quail before the task of 
 recording it. Some one has spoken of a certain brawl 
 in the House of Commons as resembling the great 
 earthquake of Calabria. I do not know what to com- 
 pare this to, unless I say it was equivalent to the debate 
 in Commons and the earthquake combined. Speaking 
 of foreign immigrants natm-ally suggested ideas of Irish 
 wakes and shillelah fights, and, although no heads 
 were broken, yet a goodly number had their tongues 
 forced into their mouths." Soon after this the first 
 critic was appointed to criticise at each meeting the 
 proceedings of the previous one. Each critic was 
 obliged to \mte whatever he wished to say, and some 
 of the suggestions made and some of the breaches of 
 etiquette criticised are quite amusing. One says that 
 " the member from Pittsfield had his feet on the 
 President's desk during most of the meeting," and 
 speaks of the member from Washington as "being 
 clamorous to obtain possession of a bottle that was 
 passing around." 
 
 Prof, George A. Wentworth, when critic, tells how 
 one of the members placed his feet on the President's 
 table, in closer proximity to the Vice-President's olfac- 
 tory organ than was agreeable; and also says that "the 
 gentleman from Boston, when it came his turn to speak, 
 jumped up, rose on tiptoe, thrust his hands into his 
 pants' pockets (rather a difficult operation, his coat 
 being buttoned), drew out a plug of tobacco about eight
 
 SOCIETIES. 259 
 
 inches long, bit off about half an inch, adjusted his 
 quid, and commenced to speak." No wonder that soon 
 after the critic's report was dropped from the pro- 
 gramme, after a few months' trial, and not resumed for 
 sixteen years. We have often heard those older than 
 we say that the boys now are not as they used to be, 
 and we begin to see the force of the remark. But of 
 course the critic brings before our eyes only the faults, 
 and a thorough search anywhere w^ll bring plenty to 
 light. The society now has critics, but they report 
 orally, and the records are not preserved, so that future 
 generations can exclaim, like the Pharisee, " Lord, I 
 thank thee that I am not as other men ! " 
 
 The Golden Branch has a cabinet of curiosities, 
 which have been presented by friends. It has also a 
 fine library, of about 2,500 volumes ; this contains 
 books of reference upon almost every debatable subject, 
 besides all the works of the standard authors, and the 
 later novels. In 1824, the library contained 293 vol- 
 umes, and in 1834 it had increased to over 1,000 vol- 
 umes. At first it was increased by the gifts of friends, 
 and some money was donated by the Trustees ; but of 
 late years the society has expended its own money for 
 books, until we now have a library unsurpassed by that 
 of any society in a school of this character. During 
 the past year the books have been re-covered, re-num- 
 bered, and a new catalogue has been printed. In 1842 
 originated the custom of having a lecture at the end of 
 each year. These have proved of great interest to the
 
 260 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 school, amusing as well as instructing. The following 
 gentlemen addressed the society previous to 1858 : — 
 
 Arram Jaquith 1842 
 
 Charles J. Oilman 1843 
 
 James F. Brown 1844 
 
 Augustus Woodbury 1845 
 
 Horatio Stebbins 1846 
 
 Patrick II. Townsend 1847 
 
 Charles J. Oilman 1848 
 
 Anniversary not celebrated 1849 
 
 Sylvester Waterhouse 1850 
 
 John Perry Allison 1851 
 
 WiLLARD Flagg Bliss 1852 
 
 Benjamin F. Prescott 1853 
 
 Joshua W. Beede 1854 
 
 George W. C. Noble 1855 
 
 Anniversary not celebrated 1856 
 
 George S. York 1857 
 
 Since 1858, until within a few years, the anniversa- 
 ries have not been celebrated ; but recently the society 
 has had the pleasure of listening to some of the best 
 speakers in the country, among them President Chad- 
 bounie, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Charles Theodore 
 Russell, of Boston. Last June, Edward Atkinson, 
 Esq. delivered an interesting and practical address, 
 upon " The Advantages of being an American Boy." 
 If possible, the lecturer of this centennial year should 
 tell us some of the advantages of being a Golden Branch 
 boy. Surely such men as Ex-Governor B. F. Pres- 
 cott, of New Hampshire, and a host of others, ought
 
 SOCIETIES. 261 
 
 to be able to do something creditable for the society 
 which gave them their early training in declamation. 
 Three of the present instructors, Professors Went- 
 worth, Cilley, and Tufts, besides Professor Pennell, who 
 has lately resigned, have been members of the Golden 
 Branch. 
 
 If one needs proof of the kind of men the society 
 has trained, he needs but to look over the names on its 
 roll, to be satisfied that few such organizations have 
 accomplished as much. 
 
 There are a large number of gentlemen who have 
 accepted honorary membership, and such men as Web- 
 ster, Emerson, Sumner, and Whittier have not thought 
 it beneath their dignity to accept the proffered honor. 
 There are about seventy-five honorary members on the 
 roll. The Golden Branch began its career with ten 
 members. Its average membership has been about 
 twenty. During the fifty-seven years ending with 1875, 
 the whole number of members was as follows : — 
 
 Whole number of Initiated Members . . 1063 
 Number deceased 186 
 
 Number surviving 877 
 
 Whole number of Honorary Members . 59 
 Number deceased 38 
 
 Number surviving 21 
 
 Since that time, two hundred and sixteen students 
 have been initiated, making a total membership of
 
 262 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 twelve hundred and seventy-nine. At present there are 
 forty members in the society, which is as many as the room 
 will accommodate. A former member, retm'ning and 
 looking in uj)on a meeting after an absence of thirty or 
 forty years, would scarcely recognize the society as the 
 fc-ame that he himself once charmed with his eloquence. 
 Time has wrought many changes in the Golden Branch 
 during these years. It is no longer a secret society, 
 but many are in\dted to hear the literary exercises of 
 its meetings. The programme consists of a debate, 
 participated in by four regular disputants appointed for 
 the purpose, and by any from the house who wish to 
 speak. Then follow readings and declamations. The 
 aim of the society is to give as much practice in parlia- 
 mentary law and extemporaneous speaking as time will 
 permit. In a school like this, where there is no teacher 
 of elocution, a debating club is in\ aluable. The society 
 now has a pleasant room in the Academy building for 
 its meetings. It is true, the floor is uncarpeted, and the 
 walls adorned with pictures a trifle too ancient, but it 
 is hoped that, by the eff'oi-ts now being made, and the 
 assistance of the friends of the society, it may offer to 
 future members a room simply and tastefully, if not 
 sesthctically adorned. Across the hall are held the 
 meetings of the Soule Society, and here in peace they 
 dwell together. 
 
 The Golden Branch never was in a more prosperous 
 condition than it is to-day. Each man tries to do his 
 part, wherein lies success. Napoleon, when exhorting
 
 SOCIETIES. 
 
 263 
 
 his soldiers to deeds of valor, looked up at the mighty 
 Pyramids, and exclaimed, " My men, forty centuries are 
 looking dowTi upon you ! " Some young member of 
 the Golden Branch rises to speak for the first time : 
 he trembles and falters, but, inspired by the thought 
 that the members of the past sixty-five years are look- 
 ing down upon him, he takes courage, and, forget- 
 ting that his fellow-students sit before him, wins his 
 first debate. With the records of this noble society 
 before us, who will say that the coming years shall not 
 see him at the bar, or in the halls of legislation, or in 
 the pulpits of our churches, repeating this success of 
 his youthful days? 
 
 THE GIDEON LANE SOULE LITERARY SOCIETY OF 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 "JFortiter, jFitiditcr, JFcItciter." 
 
 Although the Golden 
 Branch offered to the stu- 
 dents of the Academy rare 
 opportunities for practice in 
 debate and literary work, 
 yet, as its membership was 
 naturally confined to a few, 
 it did not entirely satisfy the 
 wants of all the students. 
 This, rather than any spirit of rivalry, was the cause 
 which led to the formation of a new society.
 
 264 TUE PniLLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 In the fall term of 1881 it was proposed by the stu- 
 dents rooming in Gorham Hall to organize a society 
 for literary work, confined exclusively to themselves, 
 but they were induced by others interested in the 
 movement to throw it open to all in the Academy. 
 
 A petition for organization was at once circulated 
 by G. P. F. Hobson, '82, and J. M. Merriam, '82, who 
 were foremost in the project, and received about forty 
 signatures. The Faculty immediately granted this re- 
 quest, and a preliminary meeting of the petitioners and 
 others was held, November 5, 1881. F. H. Cunning- 
 ham, '82, H. W. Hinde, '83, and Thomas Hunt, '82, 
 were appointed a committee to draft the constitution. 
 
 The officers for the first term were J. M. Merriam, 
 '82, President ; G. P. F. Hobson, '82, Vice-President ; 
 A. A. Gleason, '82, Secretary ; and W. F. Gleason, '82, 
 Sergeant at Arms. The constitution was prepared with 
 great care by the committee, and has proved a safe 
 groundwork for the proceedings of the society. In 
 memory of him who by his energetic management and 
 teaching did so much to place the Academy in its 
 present high position, this society was named the Gid- 
 eon Lane Soule Literary Society. 
 
 The first few meetings were held in recitation-room 
 No. 1 of the Academy building. The exercises con- 
 sisted of an original composition, a debate, on which 
 four disputants were appointed, a declamation, a read- 
 ing, and extemporaneous remarks on subjects selected 
 by the President. This last feature, suggested by Dr.
 
 SOCIETIES. 265 
 
 Perkins, is to be especially commended, as it tended to 
 develop confidence, and power of ready response. In 
 addition to these regular exercises, an inaugural address 
 was delivered by each President as he took possession 
 of the gavel. The society adopted as its motto the 
 words, "Fortiter, fideliter, feliciter," and it is to be 
 hoped that every member will strive to keep this motto 
 before him, to do his work bravely, faithfully, and thus, 
 in the end, to achieve success. 
 
 The officers for the second term were E. J. Swift, 
 '82, President ; Thomas Hunt, '82, Vice-President ; H. 
 T. Shepard, '84, Secretary ; E. J. Wells, '82, Sergeant 
 at Arms. 
 
 As the society grew in numbers, and as it became 
 evident that it was to become a permanent institution 
 in the school, need was felt for a special society room, 
 and, by petition, the privilege was obtained of using 
 the front room on the upper floor of the eastern wing. 
 In order to furnish this room, a public entertainment 
 was given in the Town Hall on the 25th of February, 
 1882, by the members of the society, assisted by a 
 quartette from the Harvard Glee Club. The debate of 
 the evening, on the subject, " Resolved, That Ireland 
 should remain under British control," was presented by 
 J. M. Merriam, '82, and G. P. F. Hobson, '82, in the 
 affirmative, and by L. M. Garrison, '84, and E. J. Swift, 
 '82, in the negative. Paul K. Ames, '83, delivered an 
 oration on "Character and Influence," and John L. 
 Ames a declamation. This entertainment was emi-
 
 266 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 nently successful. It was also said to be highly cred- 
 itable. 
 
 Soon after, the Soule library, consisting of about one 
 thousand volumes, was placed in the charge of the 
 society. 
 
 The following officers for the third term were elected : 
 G. P. F. Hobson, '82, President ; Paul K. Ames, '83, 
 Vice-President ; G. B. Taylor, '85, Secretary ; and W. 
 H. Pa}Tie, '85, Sergeant at Arms. 
 
 The members of the society from the Class of '82 
 presented, as their parting gift, an engraving of " Henry 
 Clay delivering his farewell address before the United 
 States Senate." At the express wish of Mrs. Soule, a 
 crayon portrait of her husband was presented to the 
 society by the members of the Soule family. 
 
 The second year of the society found it still full of 
 zeal and earnestness. The officers for the first term 
 were H. T. Shepard, '84, President ; J. L. Ames, '83, 
 Vice-President ; Alan Cunningham, '85, Secretary ; 
 G. P. Buck, '85, Librarian. 
 
 During this term many members were initiated, and 
 all the meetings were well supported. 
 
 The following officers were chosen for the winter 
 term : C. S. Elgutter, '83, President ; W. J. Chase, '84, 
 Vice-President ; W. N. Chase, '84, Secretary ; L. A. L. 
 Gale, '83, Librarian. 
 
 On March 9, the Harvard Glee Club gave a concert 
 in the Town Hall, for the benefit of the society. This 
 concert was well attended, and met with the success
 
 SOCIETIES. 267 
 
 due to the efforts of the members of the society, and to 
 the excellence of the concert. The proceeds were used 
 to increase the library. 
 
 The officers of the spring term were G. B. Taylor, '85, 
 President ; C. H. Pennypacker, '84, Vice-President ; 
 G. W. Wheeler, '85, Secretary; O. C. Joline, '85, 
 Librarian. 
 
 The exercises were varied on several occasions, and 
 other interesting programmes substituted. A mock trial 
 was held in the winter term of the second year, and 
 eloquent jjleas were made by embryo lawyers in sup- 
 port of their clients. Many profound questions of 
 State and national importance have been clearly ar- 
 gued by this society, and conclusions have been reached 
 with fewer words and with much less loss of time than 
 in our national houses of Congress. 
 
 Thus for two years this society has flourished, and 
 if its prosperity during that time can be made a crite- 
 rion of the future, then there is in store for it a long 
 and prosperous existence. 
 
 THE BOAT CLUB. 
 
 As will be seen hereafter, in the chapter on " Sports 
 and Games," boating was first recognized as one of the 
 sports of the Academy in 1864. Although it soon be- 
 came quite popular as an amusement, still no move- 
 ment was made until 18/2 to form an association for the 
 purpose of encouraging rowing, or of establishing it per-
 
 268 THE PniLLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 manently as a branch of tlie school athletics. In the 
 fall of that year, after one or two preliminary meetings 
 of those interested, a committee was appointed to draft 
 a constitution suitable for a Boat Club. On October 5, 
 this committee reported, and the constitution which they 
 then submitted was adopted. The following officers 
 were then elected to serve for the ensuing year : Presi- 
 dent, W. N. Swift, 73 ; V. P. and Commodore, D. V. 
 P. Loring, 73 ; Secretary and Treasurer, H. J. Har- 
 wood, 73 ; Directors, R. B. Blodgett, 73, R. P. Has- 
 tings, 73, J. H. Murray, 74. At the next meeting, 
 T. Heminway, 73, was added to the Board of Direc- 
 tors. 
 
 The plan on which this society was first organized 
 was as impracticable as it was novel. It embraced the 
 formation of a stock company, the shares of which 
 were to be assessable for all current expenses, and were 
 to be forfeited for non-payment of dues and assessments. 
 The scheme was at first successful ; the stock was 
 readily disposed of, and the treasury soon filled. But 
 subsequent events proved the inconvenience of this 
 organization, and a club was formed on October 17, 
 1874, on a more practical basis. 
 
 The first boat-house used by the students was the 
 cellar of the old church, near the ice-houses ; the 
 crews at this time rowed on Fresh River. In the latter 
 part of 1872, after the Club was formed, the boat-house 
 now in use was built, at a cost of three hundred and 
 fifteen dollars.
 
 SOCIETIES. 269 
 
 Although burdened by debt and heavy expenses, and 
 often threatened by the jealous zeal of the devotees 
 of other branches of athletics, the Boat Club has 
 had, in the main, a prosperous course, and has found 
 many enthusiastic supporters. 
 
 In the earliest days of the Club, the custom was in- 
 troduced of holding a regatta at some time during the 
 spring of each year, consisting at first of races between 
 four-oared or six-oared crews, selected from the school 
 at large, and, later on, between six-oared class crews. 
 
 To defray the current expenses of the Club, an en- 
 trance fee of two dollars is required of each member, 
 and an annual fee of the same amount. The regular 
 meetings and the elections of officers are held on the 
 second Wednesday of the first and last terms of the 
 school year. Special meetings may be called at any 
 time. 
 
 The beautiful and tasteful ensign of the Club was 
 adopted in 18/2; it consists of a light-blue swallow- 
 tail flag, on which appear in silver-gray (the school color) 
 the letters B. C, P. E. A. 
 
 A detailed account of all races and regattas of the 
 Boat Club will be found in the chapter on "Sports 
 and Games." 
 
 THE ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION. 
 
 The Athletic Association was founded in 1875, in 
 order to more thoroughly protect, support, and unite
 
 270 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 the various athletic interests of the school. At the 
 first meeting, which was held on the 6th of September, 
 the following officers were elected : President, Has- 
 tings, 76 ; Vice-President, Winsor, '76 ; Secretary, 
 Babcock, '78 ; Directors, Huidekoper, '7Q, House, '78, 
 and Bartlett, '78 ; Executive Committee, Bond, '7Q, 
 Burleigh, '77, and Thomas, '77. 
 
 Although, as we have seen, the preliminary steps 
 towards forming the association were taken as early as 
 1875, still it did not become a permanent organization 
 until 18/8. In the fall of this year, Messrs. Burke, '81, 
 Perry, '80, and Hooker, '80, were appointed a committee 
 to draft a suitable constitution. They reported in the 
 following December, and the constitution which they 
 then submitted was adopted. By the provisions of this 
 constitution, as it noW stands, the association has full 
 and entire supervision over the base ball and football 
 interests of the school ; indeed, no one can become a 
 member of either team unless he be a member of the 
 association. 
 
 The captain of the nine and the captain of the 
 eleven are elected at the last regular meeting of each 
 year, to serve for the next year. Those who compose 
 the two teams are selected by a committee of three, 
 consisting of the captain, and two others chosen at 
 large from the members of the Association. Before 
 becoming final, however, the acts of these commit- 
 tees, as well as all measures of every committee, must 
 be referred to the Board of Directors. The Directors
 
 SOCIETIES. 271 
 
 have the power of sanction or veto, and from their 
 decision there is no appeal. 
 
 To meet the expenses of the association, an entrance 
 fee of one dollar, and a fee of fifty cents per term, 
 are paid by all members. Regular meetings of the 
 Association are held on or before the second Saturday, 
 and also on the last Saturday, of the first and third 
 terms of each school year. Special meetings may be 
 convened at any time, at the request of ten members. 
 Due notice of all meetings must be posted by the 
 Secretary on the bulletin-board.
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 THE EXONIAN. 
 
 Its Origin. — The Censorship of the Press. — 
 Material Progress. — Editors. — Miscellaneous. 
 
 ITS ORIGIN. 
 
 TN the last days of the winter term of 1878, Mariett^ 
 ■*■ 78, Balch, '79, and Needles, '80, conceived the 
 idea of establishing an Academy paper. The honor of 
 making the first suggestion lies between Mariett and 
 Balch. They were rooming together in Abbot Hall, 
 and while conversing the suggestion was made, which 
 soon ripened into a settled purpose. Needles was 
 invited to join. At first he hesitated, but after some 
 discussion his doubts vanished, and he became as enthu- 
 siastic as the others. This, then, was the situation : 
 three young men, without experience in newspaper 
 work, but having energy, some common sense, and such 
 a training as gives to boys of nineteen a fairly good 
 literary taste, had resolved, if possible, to edit and pub- 
 lish a school paper. Those who understand the many 
 details of editorial work, even in small publications,
 
 THE EXONIAN. 273 
 
 will appreciate how doubtful were the prospects of 
 success ; but the boys took the risks and gayly launched 
 their little craft upon the ocean of journalism, hopeful, 
 but not too confident of success. Care and hard work 
 brought prosperity, and in spite of mistakes and mishaps 
 the " Exouian " became firmly established. 
 
 THE CENSORSHIP OF THE PRESS. 
 
 The first requisite was the permission of the Faculty. 
 This was only obtained after much discussion and some 
 coaxing. Some members of the Faculty were incredu- 
 lous as to success, some thought that the editorial work 
 would interfere with studies, while all doubted whether 
 it was desirable for the students to publish a school 
 paper. Finally, however, their opposition yielded to 
 the entreaties and promises of the editors, and they 
 have had little occasion to regret giving their assent, 
 as the work has been for the most part creditably 
 done, and the paper, becoming a power in the school, 
 has used its influence fairly, maintained a dignified yet 
 modest style, and always aimed to uphold the eminent 
 reputation of the Academy. The editors have usually 
 stood high in their classes, and their school work has 
 never suffered by reason of their connection with the 
 Exonian. Members of the Faculty during the last few 
 years have approved the paper and shown warm inter- 
 est in its welfare, often furnishing items and suggesting 
 topics for its columns. 
 
 18
 
 274 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 The Exonian, however, has not always pleased the 
 Faculty. At the outset, some of the editorials were too 
 free in criticizing the government of the Academy, and 
 the editors were " invited to confer " with Dr. Perkins. 
 They repaired to the Doctor's residence, and an ex- 
 tended talk ensued. Their errors were pointed out, 
 and they were warned that a repetition thereof would 
 be followed by the suppression of the paper. About 
 the same time, another professor informed one of the 
 editors that the government of the Academy was an 
 absolute monarchy, and one of its functions was a 
 " censorship of the press," which would hold the Exo- 
 nian to a strict accountability. This hint, together with 
 Dr. Perkins's warning, was sufficient. The actions of 
 the Faculty were criticised no more that term. 
 
 During the next year, one of the editors made a 
 narrow escape. He wrote a " slashing " article about 
 what had been said by a professor in a recent recitation, 
 which was duly set up, and the whole edition containing 
 it printed. But before distribution, it somehow came 
 to the knowledge of the professor, who at once notified 
 the writer of the serious consequences which would 
 follow the appearance of such a criticism. The editor 
 at once ordered a new edition printed, with the objec- 
 tionable article omitted. The first edition was de- 
 stroyed, the life of the paper saved, and the expulsion 
 of the offender averted. With these exceptions, the 
 Faculty's interference has seldom been necessary.
 
 THE EXONIAN. 275 
 
 MATERIAL PROGRESS. 
 
 The financial history of the Exonian is, almost with- 
 out a break, a record of prosperity. At the beginning 
 the business details were puzzling to the boys. The 
 size and shape of the paper, subscription price, advertis- 
 ing rates, etc., were arranged with the advice of the 
 editor of the News-Letter. A goodly number of adver- 
 tisements and a subscription list of fair proportions were 
 secured. With scarcely an exception the Trustees, 
 Faculty, and students subscribed, as did also a con- 
 siderable number of Alumni and townspeople. An 
 agreement was made with the News-Letter office to 
 print an edition of four hundred weekly, for eighteen 
 dollars. The first term the paper just about paid its 
 way. In the second year financial difficulties were met, 
 and the paper had its severest struggle for existence, 
 but the editors by energetic effbrts finally succeeded. 
 The edition was reduced to three hundred, and the price 
 of printing to fourteen dollars a week ; the subscription 
 rate was raised to seventy-five cents a term, or two 
 dollars a year. When the accounts were closed for that 
 year (18/8-/9) there was a deficiency which was bal- 
 anced by assessing each editor a dollar and a half. In 
 1879-80, with the same prices and expenses, the paper 
 prospered and paid five dollars to each editor of a year's 
 incumbency, and three dollars each to those who had 
 been members of the board for a shorter time. 
 
 At the beginning of 1880-81 the careful estimates
 
 276 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 made for the coming year seemed to indicate that the 
 paper would run in debt. After some negotiations, the 
 News-Letter reduced its charge to twelve dollars a 
 week. At the end of the year the financial result was 
 better than had been expected, for in June, 1881, after 
 all the bills were settled and an expensive supper paid 
 for, a surplus of one hundred and eleven dollars re- 
 mained. The year 1881-82 brought still greater pros- 
 perity, and the present year (1882-83) promises as 
 well. 
 
 THE EDITOKS. 
 
 E. H. Mariett, 78, of Armand, Quebec ; E. B. 
 Balch, 79, of Plymouth, N. H.; and W. N. Needles, Jr., 
 '80, of West Chester, Pa., were the first editors, and 
 continued in office until the summer of 1878 ; after 
 which Mariett entered Harvard, Balch became con- 
 nected with the New Hampshire Press Association, and 
 Needles went to the Harvard Law School for a year. 
 In May, A. A. Wyman, 79, of West Acton, Mass., and 
 W. C. Baylies, '80, of Taunton, Mass. ; and in June, 
 F. B. Fay, '80, of East Calais, Vt., and G. N. P. Mead, 
 '81, of Everett, Mass., were chosen by the old board 
 as their successors. These four conducted the paper 
 during the fall term of 1878. They then elected M. H. 
 Cushing, '79, of South Hingham, Mass., L. E. Sexton, 
 '80, of Cleveland, Ohio, and C. A. Strong, '81, of Roch- 
 ester, N. Y. In June, 1879, Wyman, Cushing, and Fay, 
 having passed the examination, entered Harvard, and
 
 THE EXONIAN. 277 
 
 C. E. Hamlin, '80, of Bangor, H. L. Dawes, Jr., '81, of 
 Pittsfield, Mass., and G. R. Parsons, '82, of Providence, 
 R. I., were chosen. Parsons immediately resigned, and 
 Dawes resigned at the end of the first week of the new 
 term, so that their connection with the paper was short. 
 The only other changes during the year 1879-80 were 
 the election of F. A. Aldrich, '81, of Flint, Mich., in 
 October, and H. Osgood, '82, of Rochester, N. Y., in 
 February. In 1880, Baylies, Sexton, and Hamlin 
 entered Harvard. In June, W. M. Hall, Jr., '82, of 
 Bedford, Pa., and R. P. Winters, '83, of Boston, were 
 added. Strong and Aldrich did not return after vaca- 
 tion, the former entering Rochester University and the 
 latter going into business. 
 
 In 1880-81 numerous changes took place on the 
 editorial board. Mead and Winters were the only 
 editors who continued in office throughout the year. 
 In September, J. F. Holland, '81, of Milford, Mass., and 
 J. A. Ordway, Jr., '82, of Boston ; in October, J. A. 
 Hill, '81, of Temple, N". H., and H. H. Wentworth, '82, 
 of Niagara Falls, N. Y. ; in November, E. I. K. Noyes, 
 '82, of Antrim, N. H. ; and in December, W. W. Col- 
 bum, '81, of Boston, were elected. Holland, Osgood, 
 and Wentworth resigned in November. Hill retired in 
 February, and Ordway left the Academy in March. In 
 April and May, John Codman, '81, of Boston, C. F. 
 Clement, '83, of Rutland, Vt., and W. C. Smith, of 
 Chatham, Mass., were added. In May, Hall resigned. 
 In June, Colburn, Mead, Smith, Noyes, and Codman
 
 278 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 finished their course and left, the first named to enter 
 the Harvard Medical School, and the others to enter 
 Harvard College. This left only Winters and Clement 
 on the board. In September, 1881, C. C. Fclton, '82, 
 of Thurlow, Pa., W. W. Baldwin, '82, of Baltimore, 
 W. K. Barton, '82, of Washington, and G. E. Bales, 
 '83, of W^ilton, N. H., joined them. Felton retired in 
 November, and Bald \vin and Clement in March, 1882. 
 W. C. Boyden, '82, of Sheffield, III, and F. H. Stanyan, 
 '83, of Milford, N. H., were added in April. At the end 
 of the year, Barton and Boyden went to Harvard, and 
 W^inters went into business. Bales and Stanyan re- 
 mained, and the vacancies were filled by the election, of 
 T. R. Varick, '83, of Manchester, N. H., C. S. Elgutter, 
 '83, of Omaha, Neb., and W. H. Rand, Jr., 85, of 
 Chicago, 111. The management has so continued with- 
 out change to the present writing (February, 1883). 
 
 Since leaving the Academy, Balch has been connected 
 with the New Hampshire Press Association. Cushing 
 is on the Harvard Advocate ; Sexton and Felton are on 
 the Harvard Lampoon; and Barton, on the Harvard 
 Herald. Baylies was business editor of the Advocate 
 for a time. Aldrich has been local editor and general 
 manager of the Flint (Mich.) Globe. The majority of 
 the former editors are still at college, mostly at Har- 
 vard. Of the others, Mariett is at the Episcopal Theo- 
 logical School at Harvard ; Balch is connected with the 
 Camp School for Boys at Plymouth, N. H. ; Needles is 
 practising law in Philadelphia ; Strong is at school in
 
 NO. 12 ABBOT HALL. 
 
 STUDENTS ROOM ON PINE STREET.
 
 THE EXONIAN. ' 279 
 
 Germany ; Aldrich is a banker at Flint, Mich. ; Osgood 
 is in business at Chicago ; Winters is in railroad busi- 
 ness in Texas ; and Colburn is at the Harvard Medical 
 School. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 The Class of 1884 has not as yet been represented 
 on the board, although frequent invitations have been 
 extended to the members of that class to compete for a 
 position. 
 
 The typographical appearance of the Exonian has 
 always been a source of pride to its friends, and reflects 
 great credit upon the printer. It may be added, that 
 the liberality of the proprietor of the News-Letter, and 
 his uniform kindness and that of those in his employ, 
 have been of great assistance to the successive editors, 
 and will always be held by them in grateful remem- 
 brance. 
 
 The Exonian is not the first attempt at journalism of 
 the Phillips Exeter Academy students. In 1871, John 
 B. Olmstead, B. C. Starr, and W. W. Sleeper, under 
 the caption of " Exetonia," edited three columns of a 
 small weekly published at Patten and Sherman's JNIills, 
 in Maine. Although conducted with fau' ability, this 
 enterprise was not of long continuance.
 
 280 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 The Exonian is a "close corporation." It is the 
 property of the editors, who are responsible for the 
 expenses, and enjoy the profits. When the paper was 
 established, some complaint was made because the 
 founders did not make it a school concern, and provide 
 for the election of the editors by the students. But its 
 success has vindicated the propriety of making it a 
 private enterprise, since it avoids the " red-tape " of an 
 official undertaking.
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 
 SPORTS AND GAMES. 
 
 " They man the oars, now poised upon the tide 
 They rest, the signal sliot they eager bide. 
 'T is off ! they move, they fly along the waves' blue crest, — 
 Each crew, in turn, by lovers fond caressed; 
 Now this, now that, by skilful toil prevails. 
 How bend they to their oars ! nor one who quails 
 Beneath the sturdy strokes ; how waters part 
 Before the boats' sharp bows ! high beats each heart. 
 And now the foremost flies beyond the goal, ^ 
 The flag-boat's bow is passed, and honor's roll 
 Is proudly won. The air is rent with cheers. "^ 
 
 A T the beginning of the present century, the variety 
 of athletic sports at Exeter was extremely 
 limited. The only games seem to have been old- 
 fashioned " bat and ball," which, in the spring, was 
 played on the grounds around the Academy building, 
 and football. The former differed widely from the 
 modern game of base ball, which was introduced later. 
 The old game had fewer rules, and was played with a 
 soft leather ball. In the autumn, football was the 
 standard game, and was played by the entire school. 
 The boys who sat on the north side of the aisle in the 
 chapel, or Latin Room, as it was called, were the oppo- 
 
 ^ " Exeter School Days, and Other Poems," by Seymour I. 
 Hudgens.
 
 282 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 nents of those who sat on the south side. The old 
 game was played quite differently from the modern 
 " Rugby " game. It consisted mainly of kicking, as no 
 one was allowed to take the ball from the ground. 
 
 There does not seem to have been much change in 
 the sports until about 1864. That year was noted for 
 the introduction of boating. Five members of the 
 class of '65 pm'chased a four-oared boat at Haverhill, 
 and formed a crew, which was composed of Messrs. 
 Whitewell, Rawle, Richards, Gold, and Sparks, who 
 owned the boat and took turns as coxswain. Richards 
 afterwards left school, and Bridge, '66, took his place. 
 This boat was called the "Winona," and was kept 
 under the old church, known as the "Christian Church," 
 which stood near the banks of Fresh River, on which 
 they rowed. Another boat of the same kind appeared 
 the next year, owned by the members of the class of 
 1866, but no races were rowed between them. 
 
 In the spring of 1865, cricket was introduced, but 
 soon gave place to base ball, which was played a little 
 that season. The first base ball club was organized in 
 the spring of 1865, and used to play on the field near 
 the station. Base ball soon became popular, and for 
 several yeai*s the classes played against one another on 
 the " Plains." Football, however, still held the first 
 place, although they had no organized club, and played 
 the old-fashioned game. 
 
 The first record we can find of any game between 
 the Phillips Exeter Academy nine and any outside nine
 
 SPORTS AND GAMES. 283 
 
 was in 1875, when they played the Eagle Club of 
 Exeter. In this game the Academy nine was Duncklee, 
 76 (p.), Byiugtou, '77 (2 b.), Wiusor, '76 (c. f.), Wright, 
 '76 (1 b.), Watson, '75 (3 b.), Wheeler, '75 (1. f.), Bond, 
 '76 (r. f.), Folsom, '77 (s. s.), Faulkner, '76 (c.). The 
 result was a victory for the Academy nine, by a score of 
 28 to 12. The game was played on the new athletic 
 grounds, which the Trustees, at a cost of $3,500, had 
 purchased, four years before. The Campus was later 
 enlarged, and now contains about nine acres. 
 
 The different classes in the school still played against 
 each other, but the school nine does not seem to have 
 played regularly with outside clubs, until May 22, 1878, 
 when the first game between Andover and Exeter took 
 place. In this game the Exeter nine was composed of 
 A. Cohen (s. s.), Shattuck (p.), Byington (c). Brown 
 (2 b.), Olmstead (1 b.), Crawford (3 b.), E. Cohen (1. f.), 
 Bean (c. f.). White (r. f.). The result was a victory for 
 Exeter, by a score of 12 to 1. This was the first of a 
 series of games between Exeter and Andover. In the 
 return game, played at Andover, June 1, 1878, Andover 
 was victorious, by a score of 10 to 8. 
 
 In the fall of 1878 the first attempt was made to 
 organize a school eleven, which was to compete with 
 Andover, and other schools. The first game was 
 played with Andover, November 2, 1878, and resulted 
 in a victory for Andover, by a score of 1 goal and 5 
 touchdowns to 0. The Exeter eleven were : Rushers, 
 Baxter, '79, Baker, '79, Hayford, '79, Codman, '79,
 
 284 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Crawford, '80, Codman, '81 ; Half-tends, Bjron, '80, 
 Carter, '80, Shattuck, '79 ; Tends, Hooker, '80, Curtis, 
 '81, and Kirk, '82, Haines, '82, substitutes. This 
 game was played by the Rugby rules, which had been 
 lately introduced in this country. 
 
 On the 14th of June, 18/8, the first regatta was 
 rowed, in which they used two boats. The four crews^ 
 chosen irrespective of class, took turns in rowing 
 against each other. Captain Wylie's crew won the 
 regatta in 2 minutes 50 seconds. The course was about 
 one third of a mile. In 1880 class races were insti- 
 tuted, and '83 won both in that year and in the year 
 following. 
 
 Within the last three years, tennis and lacrosse have 
 been introduced. Both are deservedly popular. In a 
 tennis tournament held in June, 1882, E. E. Graham, 
 '82, won the single, and W. B. Goodwin, '82, and E. E. 
 Graham, '82, the double. 
 
 An athletic tournament is held each year, under the 
 auspices of the Athletic Association, and in the fall of 
 each year one or more runs are made to Newmarket, by 
 hares chosen for the occasion, pursued by as many 
 hounds as may be mustered. 
 
 In this brief sketch we have endeavored to give an 
 outline of the way in which the various games were 
 introduced, and the success with which they met. For 
 those who wish a more detailed account, we append 
 tables of records.
 
 SPORTS AND GAMES. 
 
 285 
 
 FOOTBALL. 
 
 Opponents. 
 
 Where 
 Played. 
 
 D.WE. 
 
 Opponent's 
 
 SCOKE. 
 
 Exeter's 
 Score. 
 
 Andover 
 
 Adams Academy .... 
 Harvard Freshmen . . . 
 
 Andover 
 
 Harvard Freshmen . . . 
 Adams Academy .... 
 
 Andover 
 
 Institute of Technology 
 
 Andover 
 
 Harvard Freshmen . . . 
 Andover 
 
 Andover 
 Exeter . 
 Exeter . 
 Exeter . 
 Exeter . 
 Quincy 
 Andover 
 Exeter . 
 Exeter . 
 Exeter . 
 Andover 
 
 
 
 Nov. 2, 1878 
 Oct. 11, 1879 
 Oct. 18, 1879 
 Nov. 1, 1879 
 Oct. 27, 1880 
 Nov. 11,1880 
 Nov. 17, 1880 
 Oct, 29,1881 
 Nov. 12, 1881 
 Oct. 21,1882 
 Nov. 21,1882 
 
 1 g. 5 t. d. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 t. d. 
 
 2t. d. 
 2g. 
 Ig- 
 
 3t. d. 
 
 3t. d. 
 
 
 
 ' 
 1 g 3 t. d. 
 1 g. 4 t d. 
 1 g. 2 t. d. 
 Ig. 
 
 2t. d. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 BASE BALL. 
 
 Opponents. 
 
 Andover 
 
 Andover 
 
 Harvard Freshmen ' . . 
 
 Andover 
 
 Harvard Freshmen . . 
 Adams Academy . . . . 
 Lawrence Academy . . 
 
 Andover '- 
 
 Harvard Freshmen . . 
 
 Andover 
 
 Lawrence Academy . . 
 
 Beacons 
 
 .ailtnas (of N. Andover) 
 Andover 
 
 Where Plated. 
 
 Exeter . 
 Andover 
 Exeter . 
 Exeter . 
 Exeter . 
 Quincy . 
 Exeter . 
 Andover 
 Cambridge 
 Exeter . 
 Exeter . 
 Exeter . 
 Exeter . 
 Andover 
 
 May 22, 
 June 1, 
 June 5, 
 June 7, 
 
 May 15, 
 May 22, 
 May 29, 
 June 6, 
 May 28, 
 June 8, 
 May 27, 
 May 30, 
 May 31, 
 June 7, 
 
 1878 
 1878 
 1878 
 1879 
 1880 
 1880 
 1880 
 1880 
 1881 
 1881 
 1882 
 1882 
 1S82 
 1882 
 
 Opp. 
 Score. 
 
 Exeter's 
 
 Score. 
 
 12 
 
 ' This game was given to Exeter by the umpire, Harvard not appearing at the 
 appointed time. 
 
 - The above game was stopped in the seventh inning by Exeter's refusing to play 
 after a disputed ruling of the umpire ; the score then actually standing 1 to 1, but 
 awarded as above by the umpire.
 
 286 
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 BOAT RACES. 
 
 June 11, 1873 . 
 June 19, 1874 . 
 
 June 19, 1874 . 
 
 June 17,18751 
 
 June 17, 1875 . 
 
 June 17, 1875 . 
 June 17, 1875 . 
 June 17, 1876 . 
 
 June 17, 1876 . 
 
 June 17, 1876 . 
 
 June 17, 1876 . 
 
 June 14, 1878 2 
 
 June 14, 1878 . 
 
 June 14, 1879 2 
 
 June 9, 1880 3 
 
 June 5, 1881 . 
 
 Single Scull 
 Single Scull 
 
 Double Scull 
 
 Single Scull 
 
 Double Scull 
 
 Four-oared . 
 Six-oared . 
 Six-oared . 
 
 Double Scull 
 
 Four-oared 
 Single Scull 
 Six-oared . 
 Six-oared . 
 Six-oared . 
 Six-oared . 
 Six-oared . 
 
 Weidman, '74 . . . 
 
 Price, '75 
 
 Brooks, '76 I 
 Brooks, '77 ) 
 Tcschemacher, '76 
 Teschemacher, '76 ) 
 Wridht, '75 t" 
 
 Capt. Leamard, '76 
 Capt. J. A. Wright ' 
 Capt. Bartlett, '78 
 Duncklee, '76 I . 
 Allen, '76 1 ^. 
 Capt. Skinner, '76 
 Merrill. '78 ... 
 Capt. Wylie, '79 
 Capt. Salter, '80 . 
 Capt. Hooker, '80 
 '83, Capt. Brooks 
 '83, Capt. Stoughton 
 
 6 m. 25 sec. 
 Time not known. 
 
 Time not known. 
 
 5 m. Vi\ sec. 
 
 5 m. 354 sec. 
 
 6 m. 48i sec. 
 4 m. 48 J fee. 
 4 m. 51 sec. 
 
 6 m. 
 
 6 m. 6 sec. 
 
 4 m. 53 sec. 
 
 2 m. 50 sec. 
 
 3 m. 21 sec. 
 2 m. 9 sec. 
 
 6 m. 13,1 sec. 
 
 5 m. 44 sec. 
 
 1 Course from stake opposite boat-house to Fernald's Wharf and return. 
 
 2 Course about J mile. 
 
 3 Course from Rocky Point to boat-house, one mile.
 
 CTOBER 25, 1878. 
 
 October 21, 1879. 
 
 ind Carter, '80, 13^ sec. 
 
 I, '81, 11 sec 
 
 J9, 9 ft. 8i in 
 
 , '79, 18 ft. 2i in. . . . 
 3k, '79, 333 ft. . . . 
 
 '80, 15 m. 49^ sec. . . 
 
 '82, 17 ft. 3^ in. . . . 
 iter, '82, 9 m. 21f sec. . 
 
 '82, 5 ft. 3^ in. . . . 
 
 Byron and Bean, '80, 15 sec. 
 Stebbins, '82, 12 sec. . . . 
 Stebbins, '82, 9 ft. 1^ in. . 
 
 Hamlin, '80, 294 ft. 8 in. . 
 Brooks, '82, 6 m. 16 sec. 
 Stebbins, '82, 14 ft. 9 in. . 
 Woodbury, '82, 9 m. 52 sec. 
 Stebbins, '82, 5 ft. 4 in. . . 
 
 Byron, '83, 48 ft 
 
 Reed, '81, 1 m. 4 sec. . . 
 
 May 14, 1881. 
 
 Bales, '83, and Bartol, '83, 14^ sec. 
 Reed, '81, lOf sec 
 
 Allen, '81, 336 ft. 3 in 
 
 Grant, '84, 5 m. 22| sec. . . . 
 Brooks, '82, 17 ft. 7 in. ... 
 Van Schaick, '88, 8 m. 45^ sec. . 
 
 Brooks, '82, 5 ft. 1 in 
 
 Rice, '84, 58 ft. 11 in
 
 
 
 TABLE OK ATHLETIC 
 
 TOURNAMENTS. 
 
 
 
 V. 
 
 EVENTS. 
 
 KovKMBER 4. 1874. 
 
 SUt 12, 1876, 
 
 OcxoBBB 2, 1876. 
 
 October 21, 1878. 
 
 0„OBB„25.18,S. 
 
 October 21. 187ft, 
 
 May 14, 1881. 
 
 Tlireelegeed lUce (100 yanis) . 
 
 100 yards llaali 
 
 SWnding Long Jump 
 
 Pulling Weiglit (32 pounJa) . . . 
 Throwing Baae Bali 
 
 Ashbrook, '76, ond Dean, 76. 37 see. 
 
 Ashbrook, 75, nod Te8clieninolier,'T6. 41 eec. 
 
 Kerr, '79, Barney, '79, 31 se 
 Donklee, '76, 161 see. ■ 
 Pelllngill. '77, » ft. li In. . 
 
 
 Iticliardson and De Ford. 83 sec. 
 Slvret, *79, 11 sec 
 
 Perkins, '79. 19 ft 
 
 A. Colien, '79, 319 ft 
 
 Merrill, '78, 6 m, 35 sec. . . . 
 
 Byron and Carter, '80, 1.3g sec. 
 
 AIIU, >79, 9 ft. 8i in 
 
 Jacobs, '79, 18 (t. 2i in. . . . 
 Shattuek, 79, 333 ft. ... 
 Byron, '80. ]6iti.40igec. . . 
 Madill, '82, nft.SJin. . . . 
 arpentcr. '82, m, 21g sec. . 
 Mftdili, ■82, 6 ft, 31 in. . , . 
 
 Byron and BcaD. '80. 15 sec. 
 Stebbini. '82,I2 8ec. . . . 
 Slebbins, '82, 9 ft. 1^ in. . 
 
 Bales, '83, and Bartol. '83. Hi sec. 
 
 Watson. '76. 8 ft. OJ in 
 
 Trickey. 'IG. 18 ft. I'm 
 
 Ashbrook, '76. 300 ft 
 
 Pettingill, 77. 16 ft. i in 
 
 Uamard, 76, 8 m. 40 sec. . . . 
 Ashbrook, 76, 6 ft, 31 io 
 
 Pettingill, '77, 8 (1. lOi in 
 
 Burleigh, '77, 17 ft. lOi in 
 
 Bj-ington, '77, 829 ft. in 
 
 Wrlglit, '76, 6 m., 4Si lec 
 
 PetllnBlll, '77, 17 n, 6J In 
 
 Huidekoper, '76, 8 m. 46 BCc 
 
 Browning, '77, 6 tt. 4 In 
 
 Reed, '81. lOi see 
 
 
 
 
 Hamlin. '60, 204 ft. 8 in. . 
 Brooks, '82, 6 ni. le sec. . 
 Stebbins, '82, U ft. » in. . 
 Woodbury, '82, m. 62 sec. 
 Stebhins, '82, 5ft.4in. . . 
 
 Byron, '83. 48 ft 
 
 Heed, ■81. 1 m, 4 sec. . . 
 
 
 Win.or, '76, 5 ». 161 see, . 
 
 Allen, '81. 836 ft. 3 in 
 
 ' Running Long Jump 
 
 ■ Mile Walk 
 
 Kunning High Jumji 
 
 Throwing Hammer (12 pounds) . . 
 
 Quarter-Mile Dash 
 
 BunDingHace (440 yards) . , . . 
 
 RunriDg. Hop, Step, and Jump ' . . 
 
 Hurdle Raee (200 yards, 10 hurdles) . 
 
 Wheelbarrow Race ...... 
 
 Foollittll Match 
 
 Veloeipede Race, i rolle 
 
 Grant, '84, 5 m. 22| see 
 
 Huidekoper, '76, 9 m. 16 se 
 Pellingill, '77, 4 ft. U in. . 
 
 Parker, '77, 6 m. 37 sec. . . , 
 A. Colien, '79, 4 ft. 7! In. . . . 
 
 Van8cliaick.'83,8ni.46iiecs . . 
 Brooks. '82. 6 ft. 1 in 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Henderson, 77, 1 m. 30 sec. . . . 
 A'shbrook, 76, 34 ft. 9J ID. . , . 
 Aslibrook, 75 
 
 Win.or, '76, 1 ni. 4J .eo 
 
 Pelllngill, '77, 38 fl. IJ in 
 
 Aslibrook, '7fi, 31J sec 
 
 Wlnsor, '76, 1 m. 3} sec. . 
 Pettingill. '77, 37 ft. U in. 
 Petlbgill, -77, 48J see. . . 
 
 A. Colien, -79, 36 ft 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Won l.j. Middler. and Junio 
 
 
 
 Wrigljt, '76, 8 ni, U see 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 tm 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 r
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 List of Officers. — Laws. — Regulations for Board- 
 iNG-HousES. — Courses of Studt. — Scholarships. 
 — Expenses. 
 
 T 
 
 HE following is a complete list of the officers and 
 teachers of the Academy since its foundation. 
 
 Hon. JOHN PHILLIPS, LL.D. 
 
 SCrustees. 
 
 Hon. John Phillips, LL.D 1781-1795. 
 
 Hon. Samuel Phillips, LL.D 1781-1802. 
 
 Thomas Odiorne , 1781-1794. 
 
 Hon. John Pickering, LL.D 1781-1802. 
 
 Rev. David McClure 1781-1787. 
 
 Rev. Benjamin Thurston 1781-1801. 
 
 Daniel Tilton 1781-1783. 
 
 William Woodbridge, A.M., ea: q^c2'o . . . 1783-1788. 
 
 Hon. Paine Wingate 1787-1809. 
 
 Benjamin Abbot, A.M., ex o^ci'o 1791-1838. 
 
 Hon. Oliver Peabody, A.M 1794-1828. 
 
 Hon. John Taylor Oilman, LL.D 1795-1827. 
 
 Rev. Joseph Buckminster, D.D 1801-1812. 
 
 Rev. Jesse Appleton, D.D 1802-1803. 
 
 Hon. John Phillips 1802-1820. 
 
 Rev. Daniel Dana, D.D 1809-1843. 
 
 Hon. Nathaniel Appleton Haven 1809-1830.
 
 288 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Rev. Jacob Abbot, A.M 1812-1834. 
 
 Rev. Nathan Parker, D.D 1821-1833. 
 
 Hon. Jeremiah Smith, LL.D 1828-1842. 
 
 Samuel Hale, A.M 1831-1869. 
 
 Samuel Dana Bell, A.M 1834-1838. 
 
 Hon. Daniel Webster, LL.D 1835-1852. 
 
 Rev. Charles Burroughs, D.D 1835-1867. 
 
 Benjamin Abbot, LL.D 1838-1844. 
 
 Gideon Lane Soule, A.M., ex officio .... 1838-1873. 
 
 Hon. James Bell, A.B 1842-1852. 
 
 Rev. Andrew Preston Peabody, A.M. . . . 1843- 
 
 David Wood Gorham, A.B., M.D 1844-1873. 
 
 Hon. Amos Tuck, A.M 1853-1879. 
 
 Francis Bowen, A.M 1853-1875. 
 
 Hon. Jeremiah Smith, A.M 1868-1874. 
 
 Hon. George Silsbee Hale, A.B 1870- 
 
 Albert Cornelius Perkins, A.M., ex officio . . 1873-1883. 
 
 William Henry Gorham, M.D 1874-1879. 
 
 Joseph Burb.een Walker, A.M 1874— 
 
 Rev. Phillips Brooks, D. D 1875-1880. 
 
 Nicholas Emery Soule, A.M., M.D 1879- 
 
 Hon. Charles Henry Bell, A.M 1879- 
 
 John Charles Phillips, A.B 1881- 
 
 STreasurers. 
 
 Thomas Odiorne 1781-1793. 
 
 Hon. John Taylor Gilman, LL.D 1793-1806. 
 
 Hon. Oliver Peabody, A.M 1806-1828. 
 
 Hon. Jeremiah Smith, LL.D. ...... 1828-1842. 
 
 Hon. John Kelly, A.M 1842-1855. 
 
 Joseph Taylor Gilman 1855-1862. 
 
 S. Clarke Buzell 1862-1880. 
 
 Charles Burley 1880-
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 289 
 
 Principals. 
 
 William Woodbridge, A.B 1783-1788. 
 
 Benjamin Abbot, LL.D 1788-1838. 
 
 Gideon Lane Soule, LL.D 1838-1873. 
 
 Albert Cornelius Perkins, Ph.D 1873-1883. 
 
 Enstructors. 
 
 Ebenezer Adams, A.M., Prof. Math, and Nat. Phil. 1808-1809. 
 
 Hosea Hildreth, A.M., Prof. Math, and Nat. Phil. 1811-1825. 
 
 Rev. Isaac Hurd, A.M., Theol. Instructor . . . 1817-1839. 
 
 Gideon Lane Soule, A.M., Prof. Anc. Languages . 1822-1838. 
 
 John Parker Cleaveland, A.B., Prof. Math, and Nat. 
 
 Phil 1825-1826. 
 
 Charles C. P. Gale, A.B., Prof. Math, and Nat. Phil. 1826-1827. 
 
 Joseph Hale Abbot, A.M., Prof. Math, and Nat. Phil. 1827-18.33. 
 
 Francis Bowen, A.B., Prof. Math, and Nat. Phil. . 1833-1835. 
 
 William Henry Shackford, A.B., Prof. Math, and 
 
 Nat. Phil 1835-1842. 
 
 Henry French. A.B., Instructor in Languages . . 1836-1840. 
 
 Nehemiah Cleaveland, A.M., Prof. Anc. Languages 1840-1841. 
 
 Joseph Gibson Hoyt, A. M., Prof. Mathematics . 1841-1859. 
 
 Richard Wenman Swan, A.B., Prof. Anc. Languages 1842-1851. 
 
 Paul Ansel Chadbourne, A.M., Prof. Anc. Languages 1851-1852. 
 
 Theodore Tebbets, A.B., Prof. Anc. Languages . 1852-1853. 
 
 Henry Stedman Nourse, A.B., Prof. Anc. Languages 1853-1855. 
 
 George Carleton Sawyer, A.B., Prof. Anc. Languages 185.5-1858. 
 
 George Albert Wentworth, A.B., Prof. Mathematics 1858- 
 
 Bradbury Longfellow Cilley, A.B., Prof. Anc. Lan- 
 guages 1859- 
 
 Robert Franklin Pennell, Prof. Latin 1875-1882. 
 
 Assistant Instructors. 
 
 Joseph Willard, A.B 1784-1785. 
 
 Salmon Chase, A.B 1785-1786. 
 
 Joseph Dana, A.B 1789-1789. 
 
 Daniel Dana, A.B 1789-1791. 
 
 19
 
 290 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 John Phillips Ripley, A.B 1791-1791. 
 
 Rufus Anderson, A.B 1792-1792. 
 
 Abiel Abbot, A.B 1792-1793. 
 
 Charles Coffin, A.B 1793-1794. 
 
 Joseph Perkins, A.B 1794-1795. 
 
 Timothy Winn, A.B 1795-1796. 
 
 Peter Oxenbridge Thacher, A.B 1796-1797. 
 
 Nicholas Emery, A.B 1797-1797. 
 
 George Wingate, A.B 1797-1797. 
 
 William Craig, A.B 1797-1799. 
 
 Samuel Dunn Parker, A.B 1799-1800. 
 
 Horatio Gates Burnap, A.B 1799-1803. 
 
 Joseph Stevens Buckminster, A.B 1801-1803. 
 
 Samuel Willard, A.B 1803-1804. 
 
 John Stickney, A.B 1804-1805. 
 
 Ashur Ware,' A.B 1804-1805. 
 
 Martin Luther Hurlbut, A.B 1805-1805. 
 
 Nathan Hale, A.B 1805-1807. 
 
 Jaazaniah Crosby, A.B 1806-1807. 
 
 Alexander Hill Everett, A.B 1806-1807. 
 
 Nathaniel Appleton Haven, Jr., A.B 1807-1808. 
 
 Reuben Washburn, A.B 1808-1809. 
 
 Nathaniel Whitman, A.B 1809-1810. 
 
 Nathan Lord, A.B 1810-1811. 
 
 Jonas Wheeler, A.B 1810-1811. 
 
 Henry Holton Fuller, A.B 1811-1812. 
 
 Henry Ware, Jr., A.B 1812-1814. 
 
 James Walker, A.B 1814-1815. 
 
 'George Goldthwaite Ingersoll, A.B 1815-1816. 
 
 William Bourne Oliver Peabody, A.B 1816-1817. 
 
 Oliver William Bourne Peabody, A.B 1817-1818. 
 
 Gideon Lane Soule, A.B 1818-1819. 
 
 Samuel Taylor Oilman, A.B 1819-1820. 
 
 Charles Lane Folsom, A.B 1820-1822. 
 
 Jacob Abbot Cram 1856-1857. 
 
 William Francis Bennett Jackson 1857-1857. 
 
 Orlando Marcellus Fernald 1860-1861.
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 291 
 
 Payson Merrill 1861-1862. 
 
 William Harrington Putnam, A.M 1870-1871. 
 
 Robert Franklin Pennell, A. B 1871-1875. 
 
 Oscar Faulhaber, Pli.D 1874- 
 
 Frederic Timothy Fuller, A.B 1875-1878. 
 
 James Arthur Tufts, A.B 1878- 
 
 George Lyman Kittredge, A.B 1883- 
 
 Among the records of the Academy there is nothing 
 more interesting than the code of rules which the first 
 Board of Trustees established for the good government 
 of the scholars. It is probable that they were written 
 by the Founder. We give them entire, 
 
 LAWS OF THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 1. As the great and important Designs of Education 
 cannot be answered, nor any valuable Improvements 
 be attained without Diligence and Attention they are 
 highly recommended and required of all the Students 
 in this Academy ; these therefore will be considered as 
 Virtues which merit the Preceptor's Approbation and 
 Friendship. 
 
 2. As Idleness and Inattention will utterly defeat the 
 End of this Institution and hinder all Improvement, as 
 they directly tend to introduce Irregularity and Vice, 
 they are strictly forbidden as a Fault that must be cen- 
 sured, and severely punished if persisted in. 
 
 3. Silence and strict Attention to all Instructions are 
 required of every Student, and especially in all Exercises 
 of religious Worship and Instruction. The Students
 
 292 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 shall stand erect with Decency and Order at Recitation 
 and Prayers, and carefully endeavor to sit decently in 
 all such Exercises when they are not required to stand. 
 
 4. After Worship is begun they are not to rise up to 
 any who may enter ; all other times they shall rise and 
 bow respectfully to Gentlemen when they enter the 
 Room and when they leave it. 
 
 5. Every Student shall be exact upon his Attendance 
 upon all the Exercises of this Academy. He shall care- 
 fully prepare for them, and not fail to sweep, kindle Fire, 
 ring the Bell, shut up the Academy, tend the Fire, &c., 
 &c., in his Turn, and exactly at the Time, &c. 
 
 6. Each Student shall endeavor to be supplied with 
 every Article necessary for his Studies and Writing, and 
 have these articles in his place before Study Time, so as. 
 to prevent all Noise and Borrowing. When he enters 
 the Room, he shall endeavor to do it without bold 
 Forwardness and Noise, without incommoding those in 
 their Seat. He shall take his Place without speaking, 
 or moving from it, unless by Permission, which must not 
 be asked or granted, without absolute Necessity. Their 
 Behavior as they go to and from the Academy shall be 
 decent and orderly, especially on the Sabbath. They are 
 not to meet at the Academy on Sabbath Evenings before 
 the Bell rings for Prayers. 
 
 7. Every Student shall keep an exact Account of the 
 Lessons studied and recited every day, of the Time of 
 Entrance, of the Studies of each Term, of the Time of 
 Absence and Continuance at the Academy and expense
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 293 
 
 of it. A fair Copy of the Studies of each Term, and a 
 Specimen of his first and last Writing, shall be delivered 
 to the Preceptor at Dismission. 
 
 8. All Students are strictly required to be at home 
 on Saturday Evenings and on the Sabbath, also in good 
 Season every other Evening of the Week, to behave with 
 Decency and Order in the Families where they belong 
 and board. Also give an Account of the manner in 
 which they spend their leisure Hours, their Company, &c., 
 whenever the Preceptor requires it, carefully observing 
 his Direction and Advice upon the Subject. They are 
 to use great Care in their Amusements, not to transgress 
 the Bounds of Reason, the Rules of Virtue, Manliness, 
 and Honor, or the Regulation of this Academy. 
 
 9. All Gaming, Immorality, Profaneness, and Inde- 
 cency in Language or Actions, are forbidden in the most 
 positive Terms, and must be severely censured. The 
 contrary Virtues of Neatness and Decency in Person 
 and Dress, in Language and Behavior, are highly recom- 
 mended and strictly required. As the Character and 
 Usefulnes of Men greatly depend upon amiable and en- 
 gaging Manners, the Preceptor would highly recommend 
 and strictly require a constant and persevering Attention 
 to the rules of true Honor and Politeness, and a care- 
 ful Endeavor to express those Principles of unaffected 
 Benevolence by a cheerful Readiness to perform every 
 kind office in their Power, and to do it in the most 
 obliging and becoming Manner. Ever remember that 
 great Favors are diminished, and that small ones greatly
 
 294 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 increase, by the Manner in wliicli they are conferred. A 
 Gift may be unkindly bestowed, and a Favor kindly and 
 politely refused. 
 
 10. All Students shall strictly observe and persever- 
 ingly practise good Manners and Civility to all ; Conde- 
 scension and Kindness to those younger than themselves ; 
 Affability and good Manners to their Equals ; their Lan- 
 guage and Behavior to Superiors should be decent and 
 respectful, never speaking disrespectfully of them or 
 then* Conduct when absent. This rule is carefully to 
 be observed to all Men of public Character. These 
 important Rules are highly recommended and strongly 
 enforced as containing the Sum of Virtue and Benevo- 
 lence, agreeable to that complete Ride of Virtue and 
 Honor, "Whatever you can rationally desire others 
 should do for you, that do for them in the kindest 
 manner." 
 
 11. Every Student shall constantly attend public 
 Worship on Sabbath both parts of the Day, and en- 
 deavor to do it with Reverence and Attention suitable 
 to the Solemnities of divine Service in the Temple of 
 God, who is greatly to be revered in the Assembly of his 
 adoring Worshipers. They shall carefully observe, a 
 decent and orderly Behavior on Sabbath Evening. All 
 noisy Levity and Amusements, some of which might be 
 allowed on other Evenings, are absolutely forbidden on 
 this. The Preceptor does not forbid their visiting each 
 other or a virtuous Friend, but in general would recom- 
 mend that they would tarry at home, or spend it regu-
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 295 
 
 larly in sacred Music, which is a noble and improving 
 Amusement to a virtuous Mind. 
 
 12. Every Student shall also repair all Damages done 
 to the Building, Glass, or Furniture of the Academy, 
 whether done by Accident or Design. Any Student who 
 is absent without a sufficient Reason shall pay a Fine of 
 one Shilling Sterling for every Day's Absence, and after 
 a proper Time forfeit his place in the Academy. 
 
 13. Every Student who shall break these Laws thro' 
 negligence or design, who shall neglect his Studies and 
 prove disobedient and refractory, shall be subjected to a 
 proper Punishment ; and, if persevering to offend, shall 
 be publicly admonished or expelled, as the Nature and 
 Circumstances of the Offence may require, &c., &c. All 
 Students are strictly forbidden to spend their Time at 
 any Tavern, and much more to call for Liquors or join 
 in Company or Diversions with any Persons who do the 
 same. 
 
 The following rules, established during the adminis- 
 tration of Dr. Soule, are in force to-day. 
 
 " No scholar shall enjoy the privileges of this institu- 
 tion, who shall board in any family not licensed by the 
 Trustees." — Constitution. 
 
 Therefore heads of families, who take students to board, 
 are expected to maintain good order in their houses, to 
 exercise a parental watchfulness over their boarders, and 
 to report to the instructors any instances of disorderly or 
 immoral conduct, that may occur. 
 
 Study hours in the evening, during the fall and winter
 
 296 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 terms, begin at half-past seven o'clock. During the day, 
 students are not allowed to visit each other's rooms be- 
 tween the hours of recitation. 
 
 No student is permitted to spend the night away from 
 his own room ; nor, on Saturday evening, to be absent 
 from his lodgings after nine o'clock. All visiting on the 
 Sabbath is prohibited. 
 
 It is confidently expected that those who take students 
 to board will see that these regulations are carefully 
 observed. 
 
 Agreeably to a vote of the Trustees, no scholar under 
 the age of twenty-one is permitted to incur expense on 
 credit unless authorized by his parent, guardian, their 
 agent, or one of the instructors; and it is the opinion of 
 the Trustees, that parents and guardians ought not to 
 discharge debts contracted without this formality. 
 
 No student under the age of twenty-one, after having 
 taken lodgings, shall be permitted to exchange them with- 
 out permission, first obtained from the Principal, or, in his 
 absence, from one of the Faculty. 
 
 For the Faculty, 
 
 G. L. SOULE, Principal. 
 
 REGULATIONS FOR BOARDING-HOUSES. 
 
 " No scholar shall enjoy the privileges of this institu- 
 tion, who shall board in any family not licensed by the 
 Trustees." — Constitution. 
 
 Heads of families, who let rooms to students, are re- 
 quired to maintain good order in their houses, and to 
 report to the instructors any instances of disorderly or 
 immoral conduct that may occur. 
 
 They shall also report any student who is absent from 
 his room after ten o'clock in the evening.
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 297 
 
 They shall also report any student who receives vis- 
 itors on Sunday. 
 
 No person who refuses or neglects to comply with these 
 rules shall be allowed to receive students into his house. 
 
 No student is allowed to change his boarding-house 
 without permission. 
 
 For the Trustees, 
 
 G. L. SOULE, Principal. 
 
 Although in this school the course of studies and the 
 names of text-books differ but little from year to year, 
 yet, if we compare the curriculum published at long 
 periods of time, ^the changes are more marked. 
 
 It will be interesting to compare the selection we have 
 made from a Catalogue of Dr. Abbot's time with one 
 of Dr. Soule's day, and both with one issued during 
 Dr. Perkins's administration. 
 
 The following course of instruction was published 
 during Dr. Abbot's administration. 
 
 pijfllfps lExeter ^catiemg. 
 
 Candidates for admission must furnish evidence of good 
 moral character, studious habits, and good capacities for 
 improvement. They must give assurance for themselves, 
 if of age, otherwise through their parents or guardians, of 
 their intention to remain at the Academy, until they 
 shall have completed the usual course of preparation for 
 College, — or the course of English education established 
 in this institution. 
 
 The time for admission will be at the commencement
 
 298 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 of the term next succeeding the annual meeting of the 
 Trustees in August. — Providccl, however, tliat persons 
 duly qualitied may at any time be admitted to advanced 
 standing, at the discretion of the Instructors. 
 
 Department of Languages. 
 
 This department comprises three Classes, exclusive of 
 an Advanced Class, on the presumption that three years 
 will usually be necessary to prepare for College. These 
 classes are so subdivided and arranged, as to give scope and 
 encouragement to industiy and talents ; but all advance- 
 ments from one class or division to another take place in 
 consequence of satisfactory examination. 
 
 Those students who may choose to remain at the Acad- 
 emy after completing the course of preparation for Col- 
 lege, with a view, either to obtain a more accurate and 
 extensive knowledge of the Latin and Greek classics, or 
 to enter College in advanced standing, constitute the Ad- 
 vanced Class. 
 
 Course on Preparation for College. 
 
 I^irst Year. 
 Adam's Latin Grammar, Liber Primus, or a similar 
 work, Viri Romani, or Caesar's Commentaries, Latin Pros- 
 ody, exercises in reading and making Latin, Ancient and 
 Modern Geography, Virgil, and Arithmetic. 
 
 Second Year. 
 Virgil, Arithmetic, exercises in reading and making 
 Latin continued, Valpy's Greek Grammar, Delectus, Ro- 
 man History, Cicero's Select Orations, Dalzel's Collec- 
 tanea Grseca Minora, Greek Testament, English Grammar, 
 and Declamation.
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 299 
 
 Third Year. 
 
 The same Latin and Greek authors in revision, English 
 Grammar and Declamation continued, Sallust, Algebra, 
 exercises in Latin and English translations, and Com- 
 position. 
 
 Advanced Class. 
 
 2. Horatius Flaccus, Titus Livius, Excerpta Latina, 
 parts of Terence's Comedies, Collectanea Graeca Majora, 
 Homer's Iliad, — or such Latin and Greek authors as may- 
 best comport with the student's future destination ; Alge- 
 bra, Geometry, Adam's Roman Antiquities, and elements 
 of Ancient History. 
 
 English Department. 
 
 Candidates for admission into this department must be 
 at least twelve years of age, well instructed in reading 
 and spelling, familiarly acquainted with Arithmetic 
 through Simple Proportion with the exception of Frac- 
 tions, with Murray's English Grammar through Syntax, 
 and must be able to parse simple English sentences. 
 
 The following is the course of Instruction and Study 
 in the English Department, which, with special excep- 
 tions, will comprise three years. 
 
 First Year. 
 English Gi'ammar, including exercises in parsing and 
 analyzing, in the correction of bad English, Punctua- 
 tion, and Prosody ; Arithmetic, Geography, and Algebra 
 through Simple Equations. 
 
 Second Year. 
 English Grammar continued. Geometry, Plane Trig- 
 onometry, and its application to Heights and Distances, 
 Mensuration of Superficies and Solids, Elements of An-
 
 300 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 cient History, Logic, Rhetoric, English Composition, and 
 exercises of the Forensic kind. 
 
 Third Year. 
 
 Surveying, Navigation, Elements of Chemistry and 
 Natural Philosophy with experiments, Elements of Mod- 
 ern History, particularly of the United States, Astron- 
 omy, Moral and Political Philosophy, with English 
 Composition, Forensics, and Declamation continued. 
 
 A course of Theological Instruction is given to the 
 several classes, and likewise Instruction in Sacred Music. 
 Writing is daily taught in both departments by an 
 approved master. 
 
 Those who shall have spent at least one year in the 
 department of languages, and have made good improve- 
 ment, may enter upon the course of English education 
 without the examination prescribed for mere English 
 scholars. Students qualified to enter College may be 
 allowed the privilege of completing, if able, the course of 
 English education in two years. The same privilege 
 may also be extended to others, whose superior improve- 
 ment shall appear on examination to authorize such 
 advancement. 
 
 At the close of each Term the several classes of both 
 departments are critically examined in all the studies of 
 that Term ; those students who are found to excel, are 
 advanced or otherwise distinguished; but those who 
 prove materially deficient are prohibited from proceeding 
 with their class, until deficiencies are made up. 
 
 To those students who honorably complete their Aca- 
 demical course, testimonials are publicly presented by the 
 Principal at the annual Exhibition. 
 
 Per order of the Trustees. 
 
 BENJAMIN ABBOT, Principal.
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 301 
 
 We give here an extract from a Catalogue published 
 in 1850. 
 
 Course of Stutjg. 
 
 The regular classes are the Preparatory, the Junior, the Mid- 
 dle, the Senior, and the Advanced Classes, — the last composed 
 of such as are expecting to enter College as Sophomores. Pro- 
 vision is made for such as wish to pursue the Extended Course. 
 
 Preparatory Class. 
 First Term. 
 
 Latin . . Andrews' Lessons. Andrews and Stoddard's 
 Grammar. 
 
 Rhetoric . Weld's Grammar and Parsing Exercises. Quack- 
 enbos' Composition. Declamations, begun 
 and continued throughout the course. 
 Second Term. 
 
 Latin . . Andrews' Reader. Arnold's First and Second 
 Latin Book. Exercises in writing Latin, con- 
 tinued throughout the course. 
 
 Physics . . Cutter's or Hooker's Physiology and Hygiene. 
 Third Term. 
 
 Latin . . Viri Romse. 
 Geography Worcester's Ancient. 
 History . . Worcester's. 
 
 Junior Class. 
 First Term. 
 Latin . . Caesar's Commentaries. Dwight's Mythology. 
 Mathematics Dodd's or Thompson's Arithmetic, begun. 
 
 Second Term. 
 Latin . . Bucolics of Virgil. Prosody. Cicero's Orations, 
 
 begun. 
 Greek . . Crosby's Grammar and Exercises. 
 Mathematics Dodd's or Thompson's Arithmetic, completed. 
 Thompson's, Day's, or Greenleaf's Algebra, 
 begun.
 
 302 
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Third Term. 
 Latin . . Cicero's Orations, to Milo (Folsom's Ed.). 
 
 Arnold's Pi'ose Composition. 
 Greek . . Colton's or Jacobs' Reader, begun. 
 Mathematics Thompson's, Day's, or Greenleaf's Algebra, 
 
 completed. Peirce's or Smyth's Algebra, 
 
 begun. 
 
 Middle Class. 
 First Term. 
 Latin . . iEneid, to Book V. 
 Greek . . Colton's or Jacobs* Reader continued. Arnold's 
 
 First Book. 
 Mathematics Peirce's or Smyth's Algebra completed. Intro- 
 duction to Geometry and Science of Form. 
 Rhetoric . Themes, begun and continued throughout the 
 course. 
 
 Second Term. 
 Latin . . . iEneid, to Book XL 
 Greek . . Colton's or Jacobs' Reader, completed. 
 Mathematics Robinson's Geometry, or Davies' Legendre, 
 begun. 
 
 Third Term. 
 
 Latin . . . -S3neid, completed. Cicero's Orations, com- 
 pleted. 
 
 Greek. • . Felton's Reader, begun. Arnold's Prose Com- 
 position. 
 
 Mathematics Robinson's Geometry, or Davies' Legendre, 
 completed. 
 
 Senior Class. 
 
 First Term. 
 
 Latin . . Georgics of Virgil. Conspiracy of Catiline — 
 
 Sallust. Zumpt's Grammar, for reference. 
 Greek . . . Felton's Reader, completed. Kuehner's and 
 
 Buttmann's Grammars, for reference. 
 Mathematics Robinson's Trigonometry, Plane and SphericaL 
 Day's or Davies' Surveying and Navigation.
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 303 
 
 Second Term. 
 
 Latin . . . Jugurthine War of Sallust. Cicero de Senec- 
 
 tute, or the Andria of Terence. 
 Greek . . Homer's Iliad, Books VI., XXII., and XXIV. 
 Mathematics Day's Mensuration of Planes and Solids. 
 
 Third Term. 
 Latin . . . Cicero and Virgil, reviewed. 
 Greek . . Felton's Reader, reviewed. 
 Mathematics Arithmetic and Algebra, reviewed. 
 History . . Weber's Outlines. 
 
 Advanced Class. 
 First Term. 
 Latin . . Tusculan Disputation. Book I. Odes and 
 Epodes of Horace, — Moore's or Schmitz and 
 Zumpt's Ed. 
 .Greek . . Greek Historians, — Felton's Selections. 
 Philosophy. Paley's Evidences, continued through the year. 
 1 Mathematics Conic Sections, — Robinson's or Bridge's. 
 
 Second Term. 
 Latin. . . Livy, Books XXI., and XXII., — Lincoln's or 
 
 Schmitz and Zumpt's Ed. 
 Greek . . Greek Historians, continued. 
 1 Physics . . Natural Philosophy. — Olmsted's. 
 
 Third Term. 
 Latin . . . Horace and Livy, reviewed. 
 Greek . . Greek Historians reviewed. 
 Mathematics Geometry and Trigonometry, reviewed. 
 ^Physics . . Astronomy. — Mclntire's or Olmstead's. 
 
 N. B. Some of the Text-Books in the foregoing scheme may be 
 occasionally changed, but the system of Classification will be rigidly 
 adhered to. 
 
 ^ Instead of Conic Sections, Natural Philosophy, and Astronomy, 
 German or French may be taken as a substitute.
 
 304 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Extended Course. 
 Selections may be made from the following Books : — 
 
 Latin. . . Cicero de Amicitia. Tacitus. Plautus. Juvenal. 
 
 Greek . . Demosthenes de Corona (Champlin's Ed.). Iliad 
 or Odyssey of Homer. Clouds of Aristopha- 
 nes (Felton's Ed.). Alcestis of Euripides, 
 Prometheus of Aeschylus (Woolsey's Ed.), and 
 Ajax of Sophocles. 
 
 English . . The higher Mathematics in its application to 
 Mechanics and Civil Engineering ; Book- 
 keeping ; Agricultural Chemistry ; and other 
 branches of study suited to the various pursuits 
 of active life. 
 
 The following is taken from the Catalogue of 1881-82. 
 
 Ctlasgtcal Course. 
 Preparatory Class. 
 First Term. 
 Latin Allen and Greenough's Grammar. Leigh- 
 ton's Latin Lessons. Pennell's Latin 
 Subjunctive. 
 Mathematics . . Wentworth and Hill's Arithmetic. 
 History .... Barnes's United States. 
 
 Second Term. 
 
 Latin Grammar and Lessons. Caesar's Gallic 
 
 War, Books II., III. Exercises in Writ- 
 ing Latin . Bennett's First Latin Writer. 
 
 Mathematics . . Arithmetic, finished. 
 
 History .... Continued. 
 
 Third Term. 
 
 Latin Caesar's Gallic War, Books I., IV., V., VI. 
 
 Bennett's First Latin Writer to page 116. 
 Mathematics . . Hill's Geometry for Beginners. 
 History .... Finished.
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 305 
 
 Junior Class. 
 
 First Term. 
 
 Latin Virgil, iEneid, Books I., II. Bennett's 
 
 Latin Writei', continued. 
 
 Greek Goodwin's Grammar. Wliite's Lessons. 
 
 Mathematics . . "Wentworth's Elements of Algebra. 
 Ancient History . Pennell's Greece. 
 Ancient GEOGRAPnY. 
 English .... Scott. 
 
 Second Term. 
 
 Latin Virgil, ^neid, Books III., IV., V. 
 
 Greek Grammar and Lessons, continued. 
 
 Mathematics . . Algebra, continued. 
 Ancient History . Pennell's Greece, finished. 
 Ancient Geography. 
 English .... Scott. 
 
 Third Term. 
 Latin Virgil, ^neid. Book VI. Bennett's First 
 
 Latin AVriter, finished. 
 Greek Anabasis, Book I. Exercises in writing 
 
 Greek, begun and continued through 
 
 the course. 
 Mathematics . . Algebra, finished. 
 Ancient History . Pennell's Rome. 
 English .... Irving. 
 
 Middle Class. 
 First Term. 
 
 Latin Virgil, Eclogues. Cicero, Orations against 
 
 Catiline. Jones's Latin Composition. 
 Writing Latin through the year. 
 
 Greek Anabasis, Books II., III., IV. Greek 
 
 Testament. 
 
 Mathematics . . Wentworth's Plane Geometry, Books I., 
 II., III., IV. Wentworth's Geometri- 
 cal Exercises. 
 
 20
 
 306 
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Physics . . 
 
 English . . 
 
 HiSTOKY . . 
 
 Latin . . 
 
 Greek . . 
 
 Mathematics 
 
 Physics . . 
 
 History . . 
 
 English . . 
 
 Latin . . . 
 
 Greek . . . 
 Mathematics 
 
 Physics . . 
 
 History . . 
 
 English . . 
 
 Latin 
 
 Greek . . . 
 Mathematics 
 French . . 
 
 German . . 
 
 Physics 
 English 
 
 Arnott's. 
 
 Shakespeare. Thackeray. 
 
 Ancient Greece and Rome. 
 
 Second Term. 
 Sight Reading. Caesar's Civil War. Vir- 
 gil, reviewed. 
 Extracts from Hellenica. Greek Tes- 
 tament. 
 Plane Geometry finished. Geometrical 
 
 Exercises. 
 Arnott's, to page 165. 
 Ancient Greece and Rome. 
 Addison. 
 
 Third Term. 
 Csesar and Virgil, reviewed. 
 Xenophon at sight. 
 
 Arithmetic, Algebra, and Geometry, re- 
 viewed. 
 Reviewed. 
 Reviewed. 
 Review. 
 
 Senior Class. 
 First Term. 
 Cicero, Oration for the Poet Archias. 
 
 Virgil, ^neid VH., VIH., IX., X. 
 
 Bennett's Latin Writer, Part II. 
 Herodotus, Book VII. 
 Wentworth's Solid Geometry. 
 Otto's Grammar. Brette's French Prin- 
 
 cipia, Part II. 
 Progressive German Course, Macmillan's, 
 
 Parts I. and II. German Principia, 
 
 Part II. Eugene Fasnacht, Parts I. 
 
 and II. 
 Arnott's. 
 Webster. Themes throughout the year.
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 307 
 
 Latin 
 
 Greek . . . 
 Mathematics 
 
 French . . 
 German . . 
 Chemistry . 
 Physics . . 
 English . . 
 
 Second Term. 
 
 Virgil, ^neid, XI., XTI. Ovid, Selec- 
 tions. Bennett's Latin Writer, Part II. 
 
 Homer, Books I., II., III. 
 
 Wentworth's Plane Trigonometry. Weiit- 
 ■worth and Hill's Logarithms. 
 
 Reading. Le Fran^ais. 
 
 Prose Selections. 
 
 Nichols's Abridgment of Eliot and Storer. 
 
 Arnott's to Part IV., Section III. 
 
 Webster. 
 
 Third Term. 
 
 Latin Cicero, Defence of Roscius. Bennett's 
 
 Latin Writer, Part II. 
 
 Greek Herodotus and Homer at sight. 
 
 Mathematics . . Halsted's Mensuration. 
 
 French .... Prose Selections. 
 
 German .... Prose Selections. 
 
 Chemistry . . . Finished, 
 
 Physics .... Reviewed. 
 
 English .... Burke. 
 
 Botany .... Gray. 
 
 Note. — The branches above indicated for the first three years are 
 required of all. In the Senior year, some choice of electives will be 
 allowed. The Odes of Horace and two Books of Livy may be read by 
 those who are able to do work in addition to what is included in the 
 course of study for the Senior year. 
 
 Mathematics . 
 Modern History 
 
 English Grammar 
 Penmanship . . . 
 
 lEnglig]^ Course of Stutjg. 
 
 Junior Class. 
 First Term. 
 . Wentworth's Elements of Algebra. 
 
 Barnes's United States. Thalheimer's 
 
 England. 
 Reed and Kellogg's.
 
 308 
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Composition 
 
 Geography . . . 
 English .... 
 
 Mathematics . . 
 Modern History . 
 English Grammar 
 Geography . . . 
 English .... 
 
 Mathematics . . 
 History . . . . 
 English Grammar 
 Geography . . . 
 English . . . . 
 
 Mathematics 
 
 Geography . . 
 
 Physics . . • 
 Rhetoric . . 
 Modern History 
 Astronomy . . 
 English • . . 
 
 Mathematics . 
 
 Physics . . . 
 
 Geography . . 
 
 Rhetoric . . 
 
 English . . . 
 
 Letter Writing and Elementary Rhetoric 
 throughout the year. Map Drawing 
 throughout the year. 
 
 Swinton's Complete Geography. 
 
 Scott. 
 
 Second Term. 
 Algebra, continued. 
 United States and English, finished. 
 Continued. 
 Continued. 
 Scott. 
 
 Third Term. 
 Algebra, finished. 
 European History. 
 Art of Expression. 
 Finished. 
 Irving. 
 
 Middle Class. 
 First Term. 
 
 Wentworth's Plane Geometry, Books I., 
 II., III., IV. Wentworth's Geometri- 
 cal Exercises. 
 
 Maui-y's Physical. 
 
 Arnott's. 
 
 Kellogg's. 
 
 Selections from Epochs of History. 
 
 Ray's. 
 
 Shakespeare, Thackeray. 
 Second Term. 
 
 Plane Geometry, finished. Geometrical 
 Exercises. 
 
 Arnott's to page 165. 
 
 Maury's Physical. 
 
 Hill's. 
 
 Addison.
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 309 
 
 Mathematics . 
 
 Modern History 
 Constitution . 
 Physics . . . 
 Ancient History 
 Rhetoric . . 
 English . . . 
 Physiology . . 
 
 Mathematics 
 English . . 
 History . . 
 French . . 
 
 German . . 
 
 Physics .... 
 
 Moral Philosophy 
 English .... 
 
 Mathematics . . 
 
 French .... 
 German .... 
 Political Economy 
 Physics .... 
 Chemistry . . . 
 English .... 
 
 Mathematics . . 
 Political Economy 
 Logic 
 
 Third Term. 
 
 Arithmetic, Algebra, and Geometry, re- 
 viewed. 
 Selections from Epochs of History. 
 Flanders's Exposition. 
 Reviewed. 
 
 Smith's Smaller Scripture. 
 Finished. Abbott's How to Write Clearly. 
 Reviewed. 
 Plutchinson's. 
 
 Senior Class. 
 First Term. 
 Wentworth's Solid Geometry. 
 Themes. 
 
 Barnes's France. 
 Otto's Grammar. Brette's French Prin- 
 
 cipia. Part II. 
 Progressive German Course. Macmillan's, 
 
 Parts I. and II. German Principia, 
 
 Part II. 
 Continued. 
 Peabody's. 
 Webster. 
 
 Second Term. 
 Wentworth's Plane Trigonometry. Went- 
 
 worth and Hill's Logai'ithms. 
 Reading. Le Fran^ais. 
 Prose Selections. 
 Fawcett's. 
 
 Arnott's to Part IV. Sec. III. 
 Nichols's Abridgment of Eliot and Storer. 
 Webster. 
 
 Third Term. 
 Halsted's Mensuration. 
 Financial Legislation. 
 Jevons.
 
 310 
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 English Lite 
 Botany . 
 French . 
 German . 
 Physics . 
 Chemistry 
 English . 
 
 Continued. 
 
 Reading. 
 
 Prose Selections. 
 
 Reviewed. 
 
 Finished. 
 
 Burke. 
 
 For many years previous to 1850, there was but little 
 change in the number of students entering the Acad- 
 emy. In the decade from 1850-60, however, there was 
 an increase of over fifty per cent ; in the next ten years 
 a still further increase of nearly thirty per cent; and 
 from 1870-80, an increase of over twenty per cent. This 
 is shown by the following table. 
 
 Number of Students who entered before 1800 
 
 " from 
 
 e louu . . . . 
 
 1800 to 1810 . . 
 
 C( (( 
 
 1810 " 1820 . . 
 
 U >( 
 
 1820 " 1830 . . 
 
 u u 
 
 1830 " 1840 . . 
 
 i(. 11 
 
 1840 " 1850 . . 
 
 11. a 
 
 1850 " 1860 . . 
 
 U (1 
 
 1860 " 1870 . . 
 
 U (( 
 
 1870 " 1880 . . 
 
 a (( 
 
 1880 " 1883 . . 
 
 647 
 367 
 441 
 378 
 365 
 358 
 566 
 807 
 983 
 357 
 
 Whole number of Students 
 
 No. of Students under Principal Woodbridge (1783-1788) 
 
 " " " " Abbot (1789-1838) . . 
 
 " " " Soule (1839-1873) . . 
 
 " " Perkins (1874-1883) . 
 
 5,269 
 
 175 
 
 1,991 
 
 2,148 
 
 955 
 
 Total 5,269 
 
 Number of Students under Dr. Soule both as Instructor 
 and Principal (1823-1873) 2,736
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 311 
 
 The number of students iu the school, as well as the 
 number in each of the classes, during the sixteen years 
 succeeding 1866-67, will be found in the table given 
 beloAV. It also gives the number of students in the 
 English Department since its establishment in 1875. 
 
 Tear. 
 
 ■a 
 < 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 
 '3 
 m 
 
 o 
 
 •3 
 
 5 
 
 '3 
 
 o 
 
 — (3 
 (4 <u 
 
 1 § 
 
 ^1 
 
 ^1 
 
 = a 
 
 
 1866-67 
 
 7 
 
 35 
 
 51 
 
 51 
 
 
 144 
 
 
 144 
 
 1867-68 
 
 7 
 
 36 
 
 46 
 
 48 
 
 
 137 
 
 
 137 
 
 1868-69 
 
 7 
 
 26 
 
 56 
 
 41 
 
 
 130 
 
 
 130 
 
 1869-70 
 
 
 36 
 
 51 
 
 43 
 
 
 130 
 
 
 130 
 
 1870-71 
 
 6 
 
 62 
 
 58 
 
 55 
 
 
 181 
 
 
 181 
 
 1871-72 
 
 
 52 
 
 63 
 
 51 
 
 
 166 
 
 
 166 
 
 1872-73 
 
 
 57 
 
 46 
 
 87 
 
 22 
 
 162 
 
 
 162 
 
 1873-74 
 
 
 40 
 
 52 
 
 46 
 
 30 
 
 168 
 
 
 168 
 
 1874-75 
 
 
 40 
 
 34 
 
 39 
 
 53 
 
 166 
 
 
 166 
 
 1875-76 
 
 
 36 
 
 33 
 
 45 
 
 68 
 
 167 
 
 15 
 
 182 
 
 1876-77 
 
 
 29 
 
 52 
 
 69 
 
 55 
 
 182 
 
 23 
 
 205 
 
 1877-78 
 
 
 33 
 
 50 
 
 76 
 
 65 
 
 193 
 
 31 
 
 224 
 
 1878-79 
 
 
 33 
 
 61 
 
 56 
 
 62 
 
 191 
 
 21 
 
 212 
 
 1879-80 
 
 
 43 
 
 57 
 
 49 
 
 55 
 
 176 
 
 28 
 
 204 
 
 1880-81 
 
 
 41 
 
 80 
 
 58 
 
 55 
 
 202 
 
 32 
 
 234 
 
 1881-82 
 
 
 36 
 
 61 
 
 65 
 
 49 
 
 181 
 
 30 
 
 211 
 
 1882-83 
 
 
 45 
 
 55 
 
 57 
 
 49 
 
 167 
 
 39 
 
 206
 
 312 
 
 TUE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Most of those who take the English course at Exeter 
 do so with the expectation of engaging in mercantile 
 pursuits at the conclusion of the course. A few con- 
 tinue their studies at some technical school, like the 
 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, but for the most 
 of them school life is at an end. Exeter, however, is 
 essentially a college preparatory school, and of those 
 who leave at the end of each year about four fifths 
 enter some college. Oberlin and other Western colleges, 
 Princeton and other colleges of the INIiddle States, 
 Williams, Amherst, Yale, Brown, and Dartmouth re- 
 ceive a few ; the remainder go to Harvard. We give 
 here a table of the eight principal preparatory schools 
 from which young men actually entered Harvard Col- 
 lege from 1867 to 1882 inclusive, and the number that 
 entered each year. 
 
 School. 
 
 22 
 
 X 
 
 ■J. 
 
 23 
 
 X 
 
 22 
 
 X 
 
 23 
 
 X 
 
 25 
 
 X 
 
 32 
 
 X 
 
 40 
 
 X 
 
 25 
 
 X 
 
 26 
 
 X 
 
 34 
 
 00 
 
 18 
 
 X 
 
 20 
 
 24 
 
 25 
 
 X 
 X 
 
 19 
 
 X 
 
 123 
 
 1 
 401 
 
 The Pl:illips Exeter Academy 
 
 Pliillips Academy, Andover 
 
 5 
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 3 
 
 14 
 
 13 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 94 
 
 Adams Academy, Quincy, Ms. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 13 
 
 11 
 
 9 
 
 22 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 12 
 
 13 
 
 112 
 
 St.Paul'sSchooljConcord.N H. 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 4 
 
 2 
 
 6 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 5 
 
 47 
 
 St. Mark's School, Southbor- ) 
 ougli, Mass. ( 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 8 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 5 
 
 34 
 
 Boston Latin School, Boston 
 
 17 
 
 9 
 
 21 
 
 23 
 
 18 
 
 13 
 
 18 
 
 12 
 
 27 
 
 10 
 
 21 
 
 13 
 
 13 
 
 23 
 
 17 
 
 17 
 
 272 
 
 Roxbury Latin School, " 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 5 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 9 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 10 
 
 14 
 
 8 
 
 14 
 
 11 
 
 117 
 
 Chauncey Hall School, " 
 
 7 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 1 
 
 5 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 39 
 
 1 This number would be increased to thirty, and the other numbers pro- 
 portionally, if those who entered as special students, or who entered the 
 Law School and other departments of the University, were included.
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 313 
 
 Good scholars of high character, but of slender means, 
 are seldom or never obliged to leave Exeter for want of 
 money. 
 
 The tuition, amounting to but sixty dollars a year, is 
 remitted to every needy student, who may also receive 
 aid from such sources as the Sibley Book Fund, loan 
 funds, monitorships, and scholarships. 
 
 To aid worthy students, tw^enty scholarships, styled 
 " Foundation Scholarships," were established with funds 
 left by the Founder for that purpose. These yield 
 sixty dollars each per year. 
 
 In addition to these, there are four other scholarships, 
 viz. : the Bancroft Scholarship, with an income of 
 $140, founded by Hon. George Bancroft; the Hale 
 Scholarship, with an income of $140, founded by Miss 
 Martha Hale, in memory of her father, the late Hon. 
 Samuel Hale ; the Gordon Scholarship, with an income 
 of $120, founded by Hon. Nathaniel Gordon ; the Bur- 
 roughs Scholarship, with an income of $70, founded by 
 the late Rev. Charles Burroughs, D. D. 
 
 The award of scholarships is made by the Trustees 
 at the end of tlic fall term, after pupils have had the 
 opportunity by their work in the school to show some- 
 thing of their ability and worth. Such aid is not con- 
 sidered as a charity offering, but as prizes won by the 
 deserving and the industrious. 
 
 We give below the names of those who have received 
 the income of these scholarships, from their foundation 
 to the year 1883.
 
 314 
 
 THE PlITLLTPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Year. 
 
 Bancroft. 
 
 Gordon. 
 
 Hale. 
 
 Burroughs. 
 
 1871 
 
 G. E. Woodbury. 
 
 
 
 
 1872 
 
 C. H. Wiswell. 
 
 J. B. Harding. 
 
 
 
 1873 
 
 E. W. Morse. 
 
 W. B. Hill. 
 
 E. P. Reed. 
 
 
 1874 
 
 W. B. Hill. 
 
 H. P. Amen. 
 
 G. H. BurriU. 
 
 
 1875 
 
 T. D. Kenneson. 
 
 W. H. Parker. 
 
 W. "W. Stickney. 
 
 
 1876 
 
 f C. E. Atwood. ) 
 ( J. W. Babcock. ) 
 
 W. H. Parker. 
 
 W. W. Stickney. 
 
 
 1877 
 
 J. W. Babcock. 
 
 G. "W. Perkins. 
 
 A. A. "Wyman. 
 
 
 1878 
 
 O. E. Perry. 
 
 I. B. Burgess. 
 
 G. W. Perkins. 
 
 
 1879 
 
 I. B. Burgess. 
 
 H. Hubbard. 
 
 G. W. Sawin. 
 
 
 1880 
 
 W. C. Smith. 
 
 G. Jenkins. 
 
 J. A. Hill. 
 
 J. F. Holland. 
 
 1881 
 
 J. McQ. Thompson. 
 
 CM. Howard. 
 
 C. F. A. Currier. 
 
 M. J. Holland. 
 
 1882 
 
 C. F. A. Currier. 
 
 M. J. Holland. 
 
 M. W. Cooley. 
 
 C. M. Howard. 
 
 " Free tuition is given to students to the amount of 
 more than four thousand dollars annually ; and assist- 
 ance in money (by means of scholarships) to the fur- 
 ther amount of more than sixteen hundred dollars 
 per year. Moreover, rooms in Abbot Hall, a building 
 erected by the Academy for lodging and boarding stu- 
 dents of limited means, are furnished at a nominal 
 rent, so that fifty boys are thus supported at about 
 one half the cost of living at the ordinary boarding- 
 houses. The Trustees believe that no other institution 
 of the kind in the country has approached this Acad- 
 emy in giving substantial aid to young men of poverty 
 and merit." 
 
 Generous friends are constantly adding to the bene-
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 315 
 
 ficiary funds, which within the last ten years have rather 
 more than doubled. 
 
 This is shoAvn by the following table : — 
 
 Beneficiary Funds. 
 
 Phillips Charity Fund, for Foundation Scholarships 
 
 Kingman Charity Fund 
 
 Sibley Charity Fund, income not yet available 
 
 Sibley Book Fund 
 
 Bancroft Scholarship 
 
 Hale Scholarship 
 
 Gordon Scholarship 
 
 Burroughs Scholarship 
 
 Total 
 
 1882. 
 
 $20,000.00* 
 
 15,000.00* 
 
 300.00 
 
 2,000.00 
 
 2,000.00 
 
 $20,000.00* 
 
 42,421.43 
 
 32,380.00 
 
 300.00 
 
 2,000.00 
 
 2,000.00 
 
 2,000 00 
 
 1,000.00 
 
 $39,300.00 
 
 $102,101.43 
 
 * Appro-ximated. 
 
 The students who have received the benefit of the 
 Founder's scholarships have always been known as 
 "Foundationers," or "Foundation Scholars." Un- 
 like the beneficiaries in English schools, they are in 
 no way to be distuiguished from the other students 
 at the Academy. 
 
 The proportion existing between the two classes in 
 the chief schools of England ^ which admit both, is 
 shown by the following table, which also includes the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy.^ 
 
 1 From Report of Royal Commissioners in 1862. 
 
 2 1881-1882.
 
 316 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Foundationers. Non-Foundationers. 
 
 Eton 70 770 
 
 Winchester 70 146 
 
 Westminster 40 96 
 
 Harrow 32 449 
 
 Rugby 61 402 
 
 Shrewsbury 26 114 
 
 Charterhouse 44 [^2 
 
 Exeter 20 191 
 
 The expense of sending a boy through the Phillips 
 Exeter Academy need not be great ; in fact, when com- 
 pared with other schools of the same grade in this 
 comitry, and with any of the great English schools, 
 Exeter is acknowledged to possess a very great pecu- 
 niary advantage. The two chief items of expense at 
 Exeter are for tuition and board. The tuition fees are 
 twenty dollars a term, sixty dollars a year, payable in 
 advance, hut remitted to indigent students. 
 
 The cost of education at Exeter varies of course with 
 each individual student. A few students keep their 
 expenditures within S300, and this can be done without 
 injury to health or suffering of any sort. Fully one 
 half spend less than SoOO each, and there are few whose 
 year at Exeter costs them over $800. We append here 
 a table based upon reliable data and careful estimates. 
 It contains four grades of expenditures, and accounts 
 for everything except railroad fares and the expenses of 
 the long vacation. The figures in the last two columns 
 could be lessened by di\iding the cost of room and 
 furniture between two students rooming together.
 
 STATISTICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS. 317 
 The figures are as follows : — 
 
 Items. 
 
 Ample. 
 
 Tuition 
 
 Board 
 
 Room and Furniture . . . 
 
 Laundry 
 
 Fuel, Lights, and Service . . 
 Books and Stationery . . . 
 Society Fees and Subscriptions 
 
 Clotliing 
 
 Sundries 
 
 $110* 
 15* 
 10 
 
 50 
 20 
 
 $110* 
 25* 
 15 
 10 
 18 
 5 
 70 
 35 
 
 loot 
 
 80 
 25 
 15 
 20 
 12 
 100 
 50 
 
 J190 to t228 
 
 |1U to }156 
 
 40 
 
 60 
 
 30 
 
 25 
 
 200 
 
 100 
 
 Total $221 $288 §552 $819 to 
 
 * Abbot Hall f Gorham Hall. % Private Family. 
 
 THE PRINCIPAL, PROFESSORS, AND INSTRUCTORS. 
 
 For several years past there have been six teachers 
 regularly engaged at the Academy ; viz. the Principal, 
 three Professors, and two Instructors. At present the 
 Chair of Latin is vacant, a third instructor performing 
 the duties of the regular professor. The salaries paid 
 to the various teachers are as follows : — 
 
 Principal (with house) $3,000 per annum. 
 
 Professor of Latin 2,000 "
 
 318 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Professor of Greek $2,000 per annum. 
 
 Professor of Mathematics 2,000 " " 
 
 Instructor of English and Latin .... 1,500 " " 
 Instructor of French and German . . . 900 " " 
 
 One of the above instructors generally teaches sacred 
 music to the chapel choir and any other students who 
 wish to join the class. For this he receives sixty dol- 
 lars a year, the income of the Oilman Fund.
 
 CHAPTEE XVII. 
 
 EXETER : ITS PAST AND PRESENT. 
 
 "^ I ^HERE are few New England towns of more his- 
 toric interest than Exeter. It is one of the old- 
 est towns in New Hampshire, having been founded in 
 1639, by Rev. John Wheelwright, and has furnished 
 many leaders, both in times of peace and of war. The 
 town is located fifty miles from Boston, on the line of 
 the Boston and Maine Railway, and extends along both 
 banks of the Swamscot, where the fresh waters of the 
 Exeter River join the tide-waters of the ocean. 
 
 It is indebted for its prosperity to its industrious 
 and enterprising mechanics. Soon after the settlement 
 of Exeter, saw-mills were erected at the falls of the 
 Swamscot, where the water power has now been utilized 
 for about two hundred and forty years, and lumber 
 became an important article of exportation. In early 
 days, when the channel of the river was much deeper, 
 many ships were built ; and not a few of the citizens 
 were shipwrights and mariners. Afterward, when 
 timber began to grow scarce, many engaged in the 
 manufacture of saddles, and it is said that this business 
 was more extensive in Exeter than in any other town 
 east of Philadelphia. The large cotton-mill now in
 
 320 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 operation was completed in 1830. From 1810 to 1840 
 the business of printing was extensively carried on, and 
 many books were published. The Exeter Machine 
 AVorks, with the iron and brass foundries, have carried 
 on a large business during the last few years. 
 
 After the close of the French war Exeter rapidly 
 increased in wealth and population, so that, at the 
 beginnnig of the Revolution, it l)ecame the headquar- 
 ters for New Hampshire both in civil and in military 
 affairs. Though some of its citizens had been favored 
 by the government of England, and were personal 
 friends of Governor Wentworth, their love for their 
 country outweighed their personal interests, and when 
 the tocsin of war was sounded, Exeter took its stand 
 on the side of liberty. It then became the capital of 
 the State. The legislature held its sessions there, and 
 the courts were established. 
 
 " The structure which has perhaps retained its old- 
 time appearance most perfectly for the past century is 
 the powder-house, situated on the point near the river, 
 on the east side. It was built about 1760, and has 
 apparently undergone little repair since that time. It 
 probably first held military stores destined for the 
 French and Indian War, which, however, terminated 
 before they could have been much needed. A few 
 years later it was opened, no doubt to receive a part of 
 the powder captured by the Provincials in the raid, 
 under Sullivan, upon Fort William and Mary, in Ports- 
 mouth harbor, in December, 17/4. But as powder
 
 EXETER: ITS PAST AND PRESENT. 
 
 321 
 
 without ball hardly met the requirements of the times, 
 the Selectmen of Exeter purchased lead for the ' town 
 stock ' from John Emery, and sent for a further supply 
 to Portsmouth, by Theodore Carlton, employed Thomas 
 Oilman to ' run it into bullets,' and finally stored the 
 
 ^*Bii!:«!^^^^^^ 
 
 leaden missiles in a chest which Peter Folsom made for 
 the purpose, at a cost of three and sixpence. The 
 ammunition was dealt out from time to time to other 
 places which stood in greater need, — very sparingly 
 though, for, notwithstanding Exeter had a powder-mill 
 in 1776, the explosive dust was too precious to be 
 
 21
 
 322 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 wasted, through a large part of the Revolutionary War. 
 The old powder-house is now somewhat weather-beaten 
 and dilapidated, and perhaps past its usefulness ; but 
 we hope it maj be spared, on account of the good ser- 
 vice it has done in former days. May no vandal hand 
 be laid upon it, but may it be left to the gentle touch 
 of time, and remain a landmark for many years to 
 
 come 
 
 I " 
 
 The oldest dwelling in Exeter is, doubtless, the house 
 standing on the corner of Water and Franklin Streets, 
 now the residence of Mr. Manley Darling. The main 
 building is constructed like a garrison house, of squared 
 oak logs, and is said to have been used as a protection 
 against the attacks of the Indians. It was in this 
 house that Daniel Webster boarded when a student in 
 the Academy. 
 
 The Court House, formerly the meeting-house of the 
 First Parish, was moved across the street, and stood 
 upon the site of the dwelling of the late Joseph Board- 
 man, at the east corner of Front and Com't Streets. It 
 was also used as a Town House and State House. The 
 meeting-house of the First Parish stood nearly on the 
 same spot where the present church now stands. The 
 yard around it was then larger, and served as a burying- 
 ground. But all outward traces of the dead are now 
 gone, as a number of years ago the monuments were 
 carefully levelled with the ground and covered with 
 earth, and now the sidewalk passes over a portion of 
 what was formerly the churchyard.
 
 SECOND CONG. CHURCH 
 
 FIRST CONG. CHURCH. 
 
 EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 
 
 BAPTIST CHURCH.
 
 EXETER: ITS PAST AND PRESENT. 323 
 
 In 1776 Exeter had only two churches, but within 
 the last century the number has increased to eight. 
 Of these the Episcopal Church was organized through 
 the efforts of a few Academy students, aided by some 
 of the townsfolk. 
 
 Exeter is best known to-day as the seat of the classi- 
 cal school which links the name of the town and its 
 well-loved citizen, John Phillips. Although the capital 
 of the State has been removed to Concord, much of 
 the ancient glory of the town still remains ; aud on 
 account of its healthful climate, its educational advan- 
 tages, and its accessibility, it is a favorite place of resi- 
 dence throughout the year. Among its most important 
 business enterprises of the present day are its iron 
 foundries and manufactories of steam-heating appara- 
 tus, and the cotton-mill to which we have already 
 referred. 
 
 In this sketch, which is necessarily brief, it would be 
 impossible to mention the many pleasant features of 
 the old town. Can any Academy student ever forget 
 the Oaks, the Eddy, or Rocky Point, the winding 
 Swamscot, the Great Bay, or the Shoals ? 
 
 " Once more on Stratham's wind-swept crest I stand, 
 Once more these wooded vales to view expand." 
 
 Can any one fail to recall the view from Stratham 
 Bridge, or Kensington Hill, whence can be seen the 
 mountains, raising their pine-clad tops, and the great 
 stretch of ocean, speckled with many a white sail ?
 
 324 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 The remembrance of such scenes, and of the half-holi- 
 days spent at Portsmouth, at Hampton, or at Rye, are 
 dear to every student of. Phillips Exeter. The thousands 
 of Exeter students scattered through the various States 
 of the Union can but look back with pleasure to the 
 happy days spent at Exeter, and recall with gratitude 
 the hospitality of the old town.
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 ^ct of Encarporation. 
 
 State of New Hampshire. In the year of our Lord one Act of Qen- 
 
 thousand seven hundred and eighty-one. An Act to incor- erai Court 
 
 porate an Academy in the town of Exeter by the name of Name : The 
 
 The Phillips Exeter Academy. Phillips Exe- 
 
 ter Academy. 
 
 Whereas the education of youth has ever been con- 
 sidered by the wise and good as an object of the highest purposes of 
 consequence to the safety and happiness of a people, as founding. 
 at an early period in life the mind easily receives and 
 retains imjDressions and is most susceptible of the rudi- 
 ments of useful knowledge, and whereas the Honorable 
 John Phillips, of Exeter, in the county of Rockingham, phiiups en- 
 Esquire, is desirous of giving to Trustees hereinafter to be do'^ient. 
 appointed certain lands and personal estate to be by said 
 Trustees forever appropriated and expended for the sup- 
 port of a public free school or Academy in the town of 
 Exeter, and whereas the execution of such an important 
 design will be attended with very great embarrassments 
 unless by an act of incorporation said Trustees and their 
 successors shall be authorized to commence and prosecute 
 actions at law, and transact such other matters in a cor- 
 porate capacity as the interests of said Academy shall 
 require, — Be it therefore enacted by the Council and 
 House of Representatives in General Assembly convened 
 and by the authority of the same, that there be and 
 hereby is established, in the town of Exeter and county
 
 326 
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Curriculum. 
 
 Original 
 Trustees. 
 
 Incorporate 
 and legal ti- 
 tle: the Trus- 
 tees of the 
 Phillips Exe- 
 ter Academy. 
 
 May sue and 
 be sued. 
 
 of Rockingham, an Academy by the name of the Phillips 
 Exeter Academy, for the purpose of promoting piety and 
 virtue, and for the education of youth in the English, 
 Latin, and Greek languages, in writing, arithmetic, music, 
 and the art of speaking, practical geometry, logic, and 
 geography, and such other of the liberal arts and sciences 
 or languages as opjDortunity may hereafter permit, and 
 as the Trustees hereinafter provided shall direct. 
 
 And be it further enacted by the authority afore- 
 said, that the honorable John Phillips, Esquire, Daniel 
 Tilton, Esquire, Thomas Odiorne, Esquire, and Benja- 
 min Thurston, Gentlemen, all of Exeter aforesaid, John 
 Pickering, of Portsmouth, Esquire, and the Rev. David 
 MacCluer, of Northampton, Clerk, all in the county of 
 Rockingham and State of New Hampshire, and the Hon- 
 orable Samuel Phillips, Jr., of Andover, in the county 
 of Essex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Esquire, 
 be and they hereby are nominated and appointed Trus- 
 tees of said Academy, and they hereby are incorporated 
 into a body politic by the name of the Trustees of the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy, and that they and their suc- 
 cessors shall be and continue a body politic and corporate 
 by the same name forever. And be it further enacted by 
 the authority aforesaid, that the said Trustees and their 
 successors shall have one common seal, which they may 
 make use of in any cause of business that relates to the 
 said office of Trustees of said Academy ; and they shall 
 have power and authority to break, change, and renew 
 the said seal from time to time, as they shall see fit ; and 
 that they may sue and be sued in all actions, real and per- 
 sonal and mixed, and prosecute and defend the same to 
 final judgment and execution, by the name of the Trustees 
 of the Phillips Exeter Academy. And be it further en- 
 acted by the authority aforesaid, that the said John Phil- 
 lips, Esquire, and others, the Trustees aforesaid, the longest
 
 APPENDIX. 327 
 
 livers and survivors of thera, and their heirs, successors, 
 be the true and sole visitors, Trustees, and governors 
 of the said Academy in perpetual succession forever, to in perpetn- 
 be continued in the way and manner hereinafter speci- **y- 
 fied, with full power and autliority to elect such officers Powers, 
 of the said Academy as they shall judge necessary and 
 convenient, and to make and ordain such laws, orders, 
 and rules for the good government of said Academy as to 
 them, the said Trustees, governors, and visitors aforesaid, 
 and their successors, shall from time to time, according 
 to the various occasions and circumstances, seem most 
 fit and requisite. All which shall be observed by the 
 officers, scholars, and servants of the Academy, upon the 
 penalties therein contained. Provided notwithstanding, 
 that the said rules, laws, and orders be noways contrary 
 to the laws of this State. Be it further enacted by the 
 authority aforesaid, that the number of said Trustees and Number of 
 their successors shall not at any one time be more than '''''"^'®^^- 
 seven nor less than four; four of whom shall constitute 
 a quorum for transacting business, and the major part of Quorum, 
 the members present at any legal meeting shall decide all 
 questions that shall come before them, except in the 
 instances hereinafter excepted. That the principal Principal, 
 Instructor, for the time beinff, shall ever be one of the '^"^i*"*'. 
 
 ' c" ex offirto. 
 
 said Trustees ; that a major part shall be laymen and 
 reputable freeholders. Also that all elections of the said 
 Trustees shall be so govei'ned in future that major part 
 of them shall consist of men who are not inhabitants of Non-resident 
 the town where the Academy is situated. And to per- ''''■"**^'- 
 petuate the successors of said Trustees, Be it further 
 enacted by the authority aforesa;^, that as often as one 
 or more of the Trustees of said Academy shall die, or 
 resign, or in the judgment of the major part of the other 
 Ti'ustees be rendered, by age or otherwise, incapable of 
 discharging the duties of his office, then and so often the
 
 328 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Trustees surviving and remaining, or the major part of 
 them, shall elect one or more persons to supply the 
 Vacancies in vacancy or vacancies so happening. And be it further 
 Board. enacted by the authority aforesaid, that the Trustees 
 aforesaid and their successors be, and they hereby are, 
 Endowments, rendered capable in law to take and receive by gift, 
 grant, devise, bequest, or otherwise, any lands, tenements, 
 or other estate, real and personal, j^rovided that the 
 annual income of the said real estate shall not exceed 
 the sum of five hundred pound, and the annual income of 
 the said personal estate shall not exceed the sum of two 
 thousand pounds,^ both sums to be valued in silver at the 
 rate of six shillings and eight pence by the ounce. To 
 have and to hold the same to them, the said Trustees 
 and their successors, on such terms and under such condi- 
 tions and limitations as may be expressed in any deed or 
 instrument of conveyance which shall be made to them, 
 provided always that neither the said Trustees nor their 
 successors shall ever hereafter receive any grant or 
 donation the conditions whereof shall require them or 
 any others concerned to act in any respect counter to the 
 Deeds, bind- design of the first Grantor. And all deeds and instru- 
 ing If signed j^gj^^g ^^jich the Said Trustees shall make, when made in 
 
 by four Trus- 
 tees, the name of said Trustees, and signed and delivered by 
 
 four of the said Trustees at least, and sealed with their 
 common seal, shall bind the said Trustees and their suc- 
 cessors, and be valid in law. And be it further enacted 
 by the authority aforesaid, that if it shall hereafter be 
 judged, upon mature and impartial considerations of all 
 circumstances by two thirds of all the Trustees, that for 
 good and substantial reasons, which at this time do not 
 exist, the true design of this institution will be better 
 Power of promoted by removing the Academy from the place where 
 remoTing -j. -^ fo,,nded, it shall be in the power of the said Trustees 
 
 Academy. ' '■ 
 
 1 This restriction should, and probably will, be repealed.
 
 APPENDIX. 329 
 
 to remove it accordingly, and to establish it in such other 
 place within the State as they shall judge to be best cal- 
 culated for carrying into effectual execution the intentions 
 of the Founder. And whereas the said institution may 
 be of very great and general advantage to this State, and 
 deserves every encouragement, Be it therefore enacted 
 by the authority aforesaid, that all the lands, tenements, 
 and personal estate that shall be given to said Trustees 
 for the use of the said Academy shall be, and hereby are, Exemption 
 forever exemj^ted from all taxes whatsoever. f''°™ *^^" 
 
 tioa. 
 
 State of New Hampshire in the House of Representa- 
 tives, March 30, 1871. The foregoing bill having been 
 read a third time. 
 
 Voted, that it pass to be enacted. Sent up for con- 
 currence. 
 
 John Langdon, Speaker. 
 
 In Council, the 3d of April, 1781. This Bill having 
 been read the third time, 
 Voted, the same be enacted. 
 
 W. Weare, President. 
 Sam. Brooks, Recorder. 
 
 Copy examined by Joseph Pearson, D. Sec'y. 
 
 Received and recorded 11th March, 1782. 
 
 Copy of the Act of General Court, recorded in Office 
 of Registry of Deeds (Exeter, N. H.), Book 118, page 
 507. 
 
 Geo. W. Weston, Megister of Deeds. 
 Sept. 17, 1881.
 
 330 TUB PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Con0titu!t0n. 
 
 When we reflect upon the grand design of the great 
 Parent of the universe in the creation of mankind ; and 
 the improvements of which the mind is capable, both in 
 knowledge and virtue ; as well as upon the prevalence 
 
 Preamble, of ignorauce and vice, disorder and wickedness, and upon 
 the direct tendency and certain issue of such a course of 
 things, such reflection must occasion in thoughtful minds 
 an earnest solicitude to find the source of these evils and 
 their remedy. And small acquaintance with the qualities 
 of young minds, how susceptible and tenacious they are 
 of impressions, evidences that the time of youth is the 
 important period, on the improvement or neglect of 
 which depends the most weighty consequences to indi- 
 viduals themselves, and the community. 
 
 R^a-sons for A scrious Consideration of these things, and an observa- 
 tion of the growing neglect of youth, must excite a painful 
 anxiety for the event ; and may well determine those whom 
 their Heavenly Benefactor hath blessed with an ability 
 therefore to promote and encourage public free schools 
 or Academies for the purpose of instructing youth not 
 only in the English and Latin grammar, writing, arith- 
 metic, and those sciences wherein they are commonly 
 taught, but more especially to learn them the great end 
 and real business of living. Earnestly wishing that such 
 institutions may grow and flourish, that the advantages 
 of them may be extensive and lasting, that their useful- 
 ness may be so manifest as to lead the way to other 
 establishments on the same principles, and that they may 
 finally prove eminent means of advancing the interest of 
 the Great Redeemer. To His patronage and blessing 
 may all friends to learning and religion most humbly 
 commit them. 
 
 founding 
 Academy
 
 APPENDIX. 331 
 
 To ALL PEOPLE to whom these presents shall come, 
 Greeting : Whereas the General Assembly of the State 
 of New Hampshire did by their Act, on the third day of 
 April, Anno Domini 1781, Incorporate an Academy in 
 the town of Exeter and county of Rockingham, by the 
 name of the Phillips Exeter Academy, for the purposes Name : The 
 of promoting piety and virtue, and for the education of pwnips Exe- 
 youth as is in said Act directed. And whereas by said Act ^^ "^ ^°^^' 
 all the lands, tenements, and personal estate that shall be 
 given to Trustees for the use of said Academy are and 
 shall be forever exempted from all taxes whatsoever, — 
 
 Therefore, in consideration of the great importance of 
 the design mentioned, and of the powers, privileges, and 
 immunities in and by said Act granted, and for the sole 
 purposes of promoting piety, virtue, and useful litera- 
 ture, I, John Phillips, of Exeter aforesaid, Esquire, have 
 granted, and with most humble thanks to the Lord and 
 Giver of all things for the opportunity, ability, and dispo- 
 sition by Him given, do by these presents most cheerfully 
 grant to the Trustees of the said Phillips Exeter Academy Conveys to 
 nominated and appointed by said Act, and to their sue- '''^^ J'"'*"''' 
 
 ' 3,200 acres of 
 
 cessors m that 1 rust, all my right, title, and interest in land, and 
 and unto the real estate described as followeth : — ""^^"^ p^'^P' 
 
 [He then describes the various tracts of land, — 3,200 
 acres or more in all, — the saw-mill rights, and other 
 property conveyed, and continuing : — ] 
 
 Provided, however, that any mortgaged land, how long outstanding 
 soever the time for payment has been elapsed, may be mortgages. 
 redeemed by the mortgagee's payment, at a time the 
 Trustees shall judge reasonable, such sum or sums of 
 money as shall appear to them justly and righteously due 
 on their respective mortgages. To have and to hold 
 the granted premises with all their appurtenances to the 
 said Trustees of the said Phillips Exeter Academy, and 
 to their successors in said Trust, for the use and purposes
 
 the Acad- 
 emy 
 
 Trustees. 
 
 Officers. 
 
 332 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 and upon the Trust hereinafter mentioned, on such terms 
 Conditions of and Conditions as the first Grantor has a legal right to 
 grant. express in the deed or instrument of conveyance by him 
 
 made : and which are the necessary or beneficial standing 
 formin>'Con- regulations forming the Constitution of this Academy, 
 stitution of and ever to be considered as essentially and inseparably 
 connected with this Grant, being as follows, viz.: — 
 The first Instructor shall be nominated and appointed 
 Meeting of by the Founder. The Trustees, or a major part of them, 
 shall meet once a year at the Phillips Exeter Academy ; 
 their first meeting shall be on the 18th day of December, 
 A. D. 1781, when they shall determine on the time for 
 holding the annual meeting, which may be altered as they 
 shall hereafter find most convenient. 
 
 A President, Clerk, and Treasurer shall be annually 
 chosen, who shall ofiiciate till their places are supplied by 
 a new election, and no member shall sustain the office of 
 Clerk and Treasurer at the same time. An Instructor 
 shall not be chosen President, and upon the decease of a 
 President, Clerk, or Treasurer, another shall be chosen 
 in his room at the next annual meeting. 
 Special meet- The President shall call special meetings upon the 
 '°^'- application of any three of the Trustees; or upon the 
 
 concurrence of any two of them in sentiment with him 
 on occasion of such meeting; and upon the decease of 
 the President a special meeting shall be called by any 
 three of the Trustees. All notifications for special 
 meetings shall express the business to be transacted if 
 convenient, and be given at least one month previous to 
 such meeting if not incompatible with the welfare of the 
 Academy. And when a special meeting shall be called 
 for the appointment of an instructor, or to transact other 
 business of material consequence, information shall be 
 given by leaving a written notification at the house of 
 each Trustee, or in such other way as that the President
 
 APPENDIX. 333 
 
 or members notifying shall have good reason to believe 
 that each member has received the notice. The Clerk cierk. 
 shall record all votes of the Trustees, inserting the names 
 of those present at every meeting. He shall keep a fair 
 record of every donation, with the name of each bene- 
 factor, of the purpose, if exjft-essed, to which it is consti- 
 tutionally appropriated, and of all expenditures of them. 
 And a true copy of the whole shall be taken and kept in Records open 
 the Academy, to be open for the perusal of all men. toaiimen. 
 And if he shall be absent at any meeting of the Trustees 
 another shall be aj^pointed to serve in his room during 
 such absence. 
 
 The Treasurer shall, previous to his receiving the Treasurer. 
 interest of the Academy into his hands, give bond for 
 the faithful discharge of his office, in such sum as the 
 Trustees shall direct, with sufficient sureties to the Trus- 
 tees, which bond shall express the use both in the 
 obligatory part and in the condition ; he shall give 
 duplicate receipts for all moneys received, countersigned 
 by one of the Trustees, one to the donor, the other to be 
 lodged with such member as the Trustees shall from 
 time to time direct; and the Trustees shall take such 
 other measures as they shall judge requisite to make the 
 Treasurer accountable and effectually to secure the 
 interest of the Academy. The Trustees shall let or investments, 
 rent out personal or real estate, or make sale and 
 purchases of lands, and improve the property of the 
 Academy as they shall judge will best serve its interest 
 without diminishing the Fund. Whereas the success of instructors. 
 this institution much depends under Providence on a 
 discreet appointment of its instructors, and the human 
 mind is liable to imperceptible bias, it is required that Appoint- 
 when a candidate for election is so near akin to any 
 member of the Trust as a first-cousin, such member shall 
 not sit in determining the election. No person shall be
 
 334 
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Qualifica- 
 tions of the 
 Principal. 
 
 Salary. 
 
 Tuitioa : aid 
 to indigent 
 students. 
 
 Removal. 
 
 To board 
 only in fami- 
 lies duly 
 licensed. 
 
 chosen as a principal instructor unless he be a member of 
 a church of Christ, in complete standing, whose senti- 
 ments are similar to those hereinafter expressed, and will 
 lead him to inculcate the doctrines and perform the 
 duties required in this Constitution ; also of exemplary 
 manners, of good natural abilities and literary acquire- 
 ments, of a natural aptitude for instruction and govern- 
 ment ; a good acquaintance with human nature is also 
 much to be desired, and in the appointment of any 
 instructor regard shall be had to qualifications only, 
 without preference of friend or kindred, place or birth, 
 education or residence. The Trustees shall make a con- 
 tract with instructors as to salary, before their entrance 
 upon office ; and when the number of scholars shall 
 require more instructors than the Principal, it will be 
 expected that persons of ability who reap some advantage 
 by this institution will cheerfully assist in supporting the 
 additional, so that poor children of promising genius 
 may be introduced, and members who may need some 
 special aid may have it afforded them. It shall be the 
 duty of the Trustees to inquire into the conduct of 
 the instructors, and if they or either of them be 
 found justly chargeable with such misconduct, neglect 
 of duty, or incapacity as the said Trustees shall judge 
 renders them or either of them unfit to continue in 
 office, they shall remove them or either of them so 
 chargeable. 
 
 As the welfare of the Academy will be greatly pro- 
 moted by the students being conversant with persons of 
 good character only, no scholar may enjoy the privileges 
 of this Institution who shall board in any family which is 
 not licensed by the Trustees. And applications will be 
 in vain where the daily worship of God and good govern- 
 ment is not said to be maintained. And in order to 
 preserve this Seminary from the baneful influence of the
 
 APPENDIX. 335 
 
 incorrigibly vicious, the Trustees shall determine for what 
 reasons a scholar shall be expelled, and the manner in Expulsion, 
 which the sentence shall be administered. 
 
 The Trustees at their annual meetings shall visit the Duties or 
 Seminary and examine into the proficiencies of the ''^'■"^''*''- 
 scholars, examine and adjust all accounts relative to 
 the Seminary, and make any further rules and orders 
 which they find necessary and conformable to this 
 Constitution. The principal instructor may not sit in 
 determining matter wherein he is particularly interested. 
 Extravagant entertainments shall be discountenanced and E<=°°°°'y 
 
 ^ recom- 
 
 economy recommended by Trustees and instructors. Ap- mendea 
 plications for admission of scholars are to be made to Admission. 
 the principal instructor, and the rules and orders the 
 instructors may make for the good government of tlie 
 scholars shall be subject to the examination, amendment, 
 or discontinuance of the Trustees. 
 
 It shall ever be considered as a principal duty of the Duties of it 
 instructors to regulate the temper, to enlarge the minds structora. 
 and form the morals of the youth committed to their 
 care. They are to give special attention to the health of 
 the scholars, and ever to urge the importance of an habit 
 of industry. For these purposes they may encourage the 
 scholars to perform some manual labor, such as gardening, 
 or the like, so far as is consistent with cleanliness and tlie 
 inclinations of their parents ; and the fruit of their labor 
 shall be applied, at the discretion of the Trustees, for 
 procuring a Library, or in some other way increasing the 
 usefulness of this Seminary. But above all it is expected 
 that the attention of instructors to the disposition of the 
 minds and morals of the youth under their charge will 
 exceed every other care, well considering that though 
 goodness without knowledge as it respects others is weak 
 and feeble, yet knowledge without goodness is dangerous, 
 and that both united form the noblest character and lay
 
 336 
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Instructors 
 must espe- 
 cially teach 
 morality. 
 
 Kplipions in- 
 struction. 
 
 the surest foundation of usefulness to mankind. It is 
 therefore required that they most attentively and vigor- 
 ously guard against the earliest irregularities ; that they 
 frequently delineate in their natural colors the deformity 
 and odiousness of vice, and the beauty and amiableness 
 of virtue ; that they spare no pains to convince them of 
 the numberless and indispensable obligations to abhor and 
 avoid the former, and to love and practise the latter; of 
 the several great duties they owe to God, their country, 
 their parents, their neighbors, and themselves ; that they 
 critically and constantly observe the variety of their 
 natural tempers, and solicitously endeavor to bring them 
 under such discipline as may tend most effectually to 
 promote their own satisfaction and the happiness of 
 others ; that they early inure them to contemplate the 
 several connections and various scenes incident to human 
 life, furnishing such general maxims of conduct as may 
 best enable them to pass through all with care, reputation, 
 and comfort. And whereas many of the students of this 
 Academy may be devoted to the sacred work of the 
 Gospel ministry, therefore that the true and fundamental 
 principles of the Christian religion may be cultivated, 
 established, and perpetuated in the Cliristian Church, so 
 far as this institution may have influence, it shall be the 
 duty of the instructors, as the age and capacity of the 
 scholars will admit, to teach them the principles of natu- 
 ral religion, as the being of a God, and his perfections, 
 his universal providence and perfect government, of the 
 natural and moral world, and obligations to duty result- 
 ing from them. Also to teach them doctrines of revealed 
 religion as they are contained in the sacred scriptures of 
 divine authority, being given by inspiration of God, the 
 doctrine of the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, 
 particularly the doctrine of Christ as true God, the only 
 begotten of the Father, with all the truths they declare
 
 APPENDIX. 337 
 
 relative to his office of Mediator and work of redemp- 
 tion and salvation from the state of sin, guilt, and 
 depravity of nature man has fallen into ; the necessity 
 of atonement by the blood of Jesus Christ, and of regen- 
 eration by the spirit of God ; the doctrine of repentance 
 towards God and of faith in our Lord Jesus Christ con- 
 sidered as duties and gifts of God's grace; and the 
 doctrine of justification by the free grace of God, 
 through the redemption that is in Jesus Christ, whose 
 righteousness in his obedience unto death is the only 
 ground and reason of the sinner's pardon and acceptance 
 as righteous in the sight of God. The doctrine also of 
 the Christian progressive sanctification in d3ang unto sin 
 and living unto God, in new obedience to all the corii- 
 mandments of Christ proceeding from Gospel motives 
 and views supremely to the glory of God ; and the 
 doctrines of the resurrection from the dead and of the 
 great and final judgment, with its consequences of happi- 
 ness to the rigliteous and misery to the wicked. 
 
 These, and all the doctrines and duties of our holy 
 Christian religion, nothing founded on human authority, 
 will be proved by Scripture testimony. And whereas the 
 most wholesome precepts without frequent repetitions 
 may prove ineffectual, it is further required of tlie 
 instructors that they not only urge and re-urge, but 
 continue from day to day to impress these instructions ; 
 and let them ever remember that the design of this 
 institution can never be answered without their persever- 
 ing, incessant attention to this duty. Protestants only protestant.-< 
 shall ever be concerned in the Trust or Instruction of *'°°'' eligible 
 this Seminary; and they, having severally approved the **^^°^ '^"*'" 
 Constitution, their government and instructions conform- 
 ably thereto must appear steady, cordial, and vigorous. 
 
 The election of the officers of this Academy shall be Kieotion of 
 by ballot only ; and it shall ever be equally open to youth officers. 
 
 22
 
 338 
 
 TUB PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 Requisites 
 for admis- 
 eiou. 
 
 Rights re- 
 served by 
 Founder. 
 
 Regulations 
 of this Con- 
 stitution 
 to be read at 
 every annual 
 meeting. 
 
 John and 
 Elizabeth 
 Phillips join 
 in establish- 
 ing the Acad- 
 emy. 
 
 of requisite qualifications from every quarter, provided 
 that none be admitted till, in common parlance, they can 
 read English well, excepting such particular members as 
 the Trustees may hereafter license. And in order to pre- 
 vent a perversion of the true intent of this foundation, it 
 is again declared that the first and principal design of 
 this institution is the promoting virtue and true piety ; 
 useful knowledge in the order before referred to (in the 
 Act of Incorporation) being subservient thereto. And I 
 hereby reserve to myself, during any part of my natural 
 life, the full right to make any special rules for the per- 
 petual government of this Academy which shall be 
 equally binding on those whom they may concern with 
 any clause in these regulations, provided no such rule 
 shall be subversive of the true intent of this foundation. 
 I also reserve a right to appoint one person to succeed me 
 in the Trust after my decease or resignation, to whom 
 shall be transferred the same right of appointment, and 
 to his successors in the said Trust forever. The forego- 
 ing regulations, forming the Constitution of the Phillips 
 Exeter Academy, shall ever be read by the President 
 for the time being at the annual meetings of the Trus- 
 tees of said Academy, that they and their successors may 
 be fully acquainted with, and in all future time be re- 
 minded of their duty. 
 
 And considering them as true to their Trust, I, the 
 said John Phillips, for myself and my heirs, executors, 
 and administrators, do hereby covenant, grant, and agree 
 to and with the said Trustees and their successors, that 
 I will warrant and defend the before granted premises to 
 them forever against the lawful claims and demands of 
 any person or persons whomsoever holding from, by, or 
 under me. Likewise Elizabeth, my wife, doth hereby 
 freely and voluntarily relinquish all right of dower and 
 power of thirds in the premises. In witness whereof, we
 
 APPENDIX. 339 
 
 have hereunto set our hands and seals, the seventeenth -q^^ 
 day of May, Anno Domini one thousand seven hundred Mayi7,i78i. 
 and eighty-one. 
 
 Signed, sealed, and deliv- 
 ered in presence of 
 
 P. White. 
 Jacob Abbot. 
 
 JOHN PHILLIPS. [seal. 
 
 ELIZABETH PHILLIPS, [seal. 
 
 Rockingham ss., January 9, 1782. 
 
 John Phillips, Esquire, and Elizabeth, his wife, owned 
 this instrument to be their free act and deed. 
 
 Before me, Phillips White, J. Peace. 
 
 Received and recorded, 11th March, 1782. 
 
 Saml. Bkooks, Mdr. 
 
 The foregoing is the copy of a record from Rocking- 
 ham Registry of Deeds, in Exeter, N. H., Book 113, page 
 499. 
 
 Attest : 
 
 Geo. W. Weston, Register,
 
 340 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 REUNION. 
 
 A SONG WRITTEN BY DR. HENRY WARE, JR., AND SUNG AT 
 THE ABBOT FESTIVAL. 
 
 Tune : — Sandy and Jenny. 
 
 From the highways and byways of manhood we conie, 
 And gather like children about an old home ; 
 We return from life's weariness, tumult, and pain, 
 Rejoiced in our hearts to be schoolboys again. 
 
 The Senator comes from the hall of debate ; 
 The Governor steps from the high chair of state ; 
 The Judge leaves the bench to the law's wise delay, 
 Rejoiced to be schoolboys again for a day. 
 
 The parson his pulpit has left unsupplied ; 
 The doctor has put his old sulky aside ; 
 The lawyer his client has turned from the door, 
 And all are at Exeter, — schoolboys once more. 
 
 O, glad to our eyes are these dear scenes displayed, 
 The Halls where we studied, the fields where we strayed ; 
 There is change, — there is change ; but we will not deplore. 
 Enough that we feel ourselves schoolboys once more. 
 
 Enough that once more our old master we meet, 
 The same as of yore when we sat at his feet ; 
 Let us place on his brow every laurel we 've won, 
 And show that each pupil is also a son. 
 
 And when to the harsh scenes of life we return, 
 Our hearts with the glow of this meeting shall burn ; 
 Its calm light shall cheer till earth's school-time is o'er, 
 And prepare us in Heaven for one meeting more.
 
 APPENDIX. 341 
 
 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 BoiLT, 1794. — Burned, 1870. 
 
 BY PROF. JOHN B. L. SOULE. 
 
 Alas ! those dear old classic halls, 
 
 Where all the Muses sat, 
 More loved than old Dardanian walls, 
 
 Amo, amas, amat. 
 How have the flames that laid them low 
 
 New flames within us lit, 
 And set our bosoms all aglow, 
 
 Uro, wis, urit. 
 
 There all the victories were won, 
 
 Heroic and divine; 
 There Cfesar crossed the Rubicon, 
 
 And Xerxes chained the brine: 
 There Juno raised her dire alarms, 
 
 And Jove 'mid thunders sat; 
 And men and gods were up in arms, 
 
 Pugno, pugnas, pugnat. 
 
 When he, our reverend Abbot, came 
 
 Upon the dais to sit. 
 How rose we at the whispered name, 
 
 Su7-go, surgis, surgit ; 
 And at his passing presence all 
 
 Stood still with lifted hat. 
 Then furious kicked the groaning ball, 
 
 Calco, calcas, calcat. 
 
 And then to free his patient flock, 
 
 At every close of day 
 He turned him to the gray old clock, 
 
 And bowed his head to pray;
 
 342 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 And to the monitor who tried 
 Our wayward steps to keep, 
 
 The old, diurnal question plied, — 
 " Whose turn is it to sweep f " 
 
 Again that question seems along 
 
 On every breeze to come, 
 To every ear of all the throng 
 
 Exoniensium ; 
 The ashes from our temple seat 
 
 " Whose turn to sweep is it ? " 
 A thousand hands the task shall greet, 
 
 Vet^o, verris, verrit. 
 
 Leave mount and valley, hill and plain, 
 
 And every calling quit; 
 And run with all your might and main, * 
 
 Curro, curris, currit ; 
 Let none with tardy step delay. 
 
 Whatever he is at, 
 But push with all his strength away, 
 
 Pulso, pulsas, pulsat. 
 
 From high and by way, far and wide. 
 
 Let all the builders come. 
 And do good service side by side, 
 
 Bonus, bona, honum ; 
 With rapid strokes build strong and high 
 
 The everlasting stone, 
 TvTrro), tvtttw, Tvirroifii, 
 
 TvTTTe, Tinrreiv, nirrav.
 
 APPENDIX. 343 
 
 SCHOOL DAYS AT EXETER.i 
 
 A POEM RKAD AT THE DEDICATION OF THE NEW ACADEMY 
 BUILDING, BY HON. GEORGE S. HALE. 
 
 The young Inlus, midst the Trojan fire, 
 With steps unequal, followed his great sire; 
 His wanderings o'er, the patriotic boy 
 Helped to build up another greater Troy. 
 
 With steps unequal though we follow those 
 Whose wide-spread fame each proud alumnus knows. 
 Who made the glory of the days gone by, 
 And moved conspicuous in the Nation's eye, — 
 
 Perchance our second Troy shall bear our fame 
 To future ages, with some greater name, — 
 Our Hector by some Caesar be outdone, 
 And Webster's glory find some greater son. 
 
 Dear are the memories of the ancient shrine ; 
 Who is not proud to say, " And these were mine " ? 
 The morning greetings in the noisy Hall, 
 The jovial crowd that chased the flying ball. 
 
 The rare events, when boyish hands set free 
 Clapped for a bride or birth with eager glee, 
 The hour reluctant, given to the broom, 
 When Smith Secundus swept the Latin room, 
 
 The happy wanderings when spring was new, 
 The happy holidays that swiftly flew. 
 The Record, which we feared yet longed to see. 
 That told ovlT parents what their boys might be. 
 
 1 Used through the courtesy of Hon. Charles H. Bell.
 
 344 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 But hours there are that graver thoughts employ, 
 Signs of the man fast growing in the boy, — 
 The hours of study and the thoughts of fame 
 Stirred by the memory of some honored name. 
 
 For some the counting of the scanty store, 
 The anxious qnestion v\here to look for more; 
 How best to spare a father's weary toil, 
 And constant struggle with th' ungrateful soil. 
 
 O, may these walls we dedicate anew 
 
 Still to the memory of the past be true. 
 
 And sons, succeeding sires, still hold 
 
 The lengthening chain that binds the young and old, 
 
 Still learn the lessons that their fathers learned, 
 With brighter honors than their fathers earned, 
 And crown the latter house their fathers raise 
 With glory greater than in former days ! 
 
 DEDICATION SOXG. 
 
 WRITTEN BY C. H. B. SNOW, ESQ., AND SUNG AT THE 
 "SOULE FESTIVAL." 
 
 Tune : — Old Hundred. 
 
 Like mists the intervening years 
 
 Roll up, exhale, and pass away; 
 And once again the sun appears 
 
 That gilded boyhood's opening day. 
 Touched by its rays, each bygone scene 
 
 Starts forth in outlines clear and bright, 
 And all the Past, in fadeless green, 
 
 Is bathed once more in morning light.
 
 APPENDIX. 345 
 
 These walls, that grateful hands have reared, 
 
 Like dreams dissolve and fade away ; 
 We see, to every heart endeared, 
 
 The structure of an earlier day, 
 Beneath whose roof our youth was spent, 
 
 Where first we tasted learning's spring, 
 To which, where'er our steps have bent, 
 
 Our hearts, untravelled, ever cling. 
 
 With honors crowned, and length of days, 
 
 Soothed with the solace age should shed, 
 The approving conscience, general praise, 
 
 We hail our venerated head. 
 Our loving hands with haste displace 
 
 Whate'er disguise these years may lend. 
 And still to memory's eye his face 
 
 Unchanged we greet, our guide and friend. 
 
 Dear Home! This day, from every side, 
 
 Come wanderers from land and sea. 
 Long tossed on Time's tempestuous tide, 
 
 Thy children hastening back to thee. 
 Thy arms receive them as of yore ; 
 
 Thy blessing, like a holy strain, 
 Shall sanctify this favored hour, 
 
 And bring back boyhood once again.
 
 346 THE PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY. 
 
 ORDER OF EXERCISES. 
 
 [August, 1808?] 
 
 Music. 
 
 1. Salutatory Address in Latin. 
 
 2. « The Country Schoolmaster." 
 
 E. Everett. 
 C. Brown. 
 
 3. Extract from the " Good-Natured Man." 
 
 J. Heath, J. E. Abbot, S. B. Ladd, C. Thorndike. 
 
 4. Extract from " Hamlet." 
 
 D. Williams, H. Smith, E. Haskell. 
 
 5. « The Painter." 
 
 J. H. Duncan. 
 
 G. Extract from " Andria." 
 
 T. R. Sewall, J. Fellows. 
 
 7. Extract from " Indigence and Nobleness of Mind." 
 
 S. B. Ladd, E. F. Paige, J. W. Peirce, S. Woodbury. 
 
 8. Inconsistent Expectation. 
 
 E. Blanchard. 
 
 9. Parallel of Dryden and Pope. 
 
 E. A. White. 
 
 10. " Military Academy." 
 
 J. Lane, B. Hanson, T. A. Deblois, G. Lamson, E. Kim- 
 ball, E. Everett. 
 
 11. " Mahomet's Prohibition." 
 
 J. W. Peirce. 
 
 12. Extract from " The Earl of Warwick." 
 
 B. T. PiCKMAN, D. Williams.
 
 'appendix. 347 
 
 13. Intermediate Address in Latin, on Learning. 
 
 H. Smith. 
 
 14. Extract from " Who wants a Guinea ? " 
 
 E. Everett, F. E. Hutchings, J. E. Abbot. 
 
 15. Dialogue in Greek. 
 
 E. Blanchard, E. Haskell, N. H. Carter. 
 
 16. "Immortality of the Soul." 
 
 B. Bates. 
 
 17. Extract from " Alfonso." 
 
 B. T. PiCKMAN, W. Reed, J. Little, D. Williams, H. 
 Smith. 
 
 18. An Oration against Philip. 
 
 E. F. Paige. 
 
 19. Extract from " School of Reform." 
 
 W. Reed, S. Woodbury, F. E. Hdtchings, N. H. Carter, 
 J. W. Peirce. 
 
 20. Valedictory Address. 
 
 B. T. Pickman. 
 
 Music. 
 
 N. B. The Names of Performers in the several Dialogues are placed in the 
 order in which they first speak.
 
 348 THE PHILLIPS EXETETX ACADEMY. 
 
 ORDER OF EXERCISES 
 
 FOR 
 
 EXHIBITION AT PHILLIPS EXETER ACADEMY, 
 August 20, 1835. 
 
 TTie Speakers in the Dialogues, Spc. will speak in (he order of their names. 
 
 Music. 
 
 1. Salutatory Oration in Latin. 
 
 Edmund B. Whitman, East Bridgewater, Mass. 
 
 2. Translations from the Latin, by 
 
 Francis B. Hates, South Berwick, Me. 
 Nathaniel B. Baker, Concord. 
 
 8. Comparative Influence of Forms of Government and 
 Systems of Education on National Character. 
 
 William Henderson, Dover. 
 Thomas Clements, Dover. 
 
 4. Greek Dialogue. (Selected.) 
 
 William P. Hill, Concord. 
 Charles .Jarvis, Weathersfiekl, Vt. 
 George N. Eastman, Farmington. 
 
 5. Arnold and Pausanias. 
 
 Horatio Merrill, Brownfield, Me. 
 Walter H. Tennet, Concord. 
 
 6. Personal Exertion necessary to Success. 
 
 Ezekiel Oilman, Exeter. 
 
 7. Translations from the Latin, by 
 
 Edmund Ciiadwick, Dover. 
 
 Henry C. Whitman, Billerica, Mass. 
 
 8. Latin Poem. Alb« Excidium. 
 
 John B. L. Soule, Freeport, Me.
 
 APPENDIX. 349 
 
 9. Comparative Value of Civil and Military Services, as ex- 
 emplified in the Lives of Washii)gton and Marshall. 
 William H. Low, Dover. 
 George T. Upham, Portsmouth. 
 
 10. English Dialogue. {Selected.) 
 
 James W. Brown, Framingham, Mass. 
 Henry C. Whitman. 
 
 11. Hospitality of the Ancients. 
 
 Bernard B. Whittemore, Peterborough. 
 
 12. English Poem. The Indian Assault. 
 
 Nathaniel H. Morison, Peterborough. 
 
 13. Translations from the Greek, by 
 
 William B. Porter, Newburyport, Mass. 
 Francis P. Hcrd, Exeter. 
 
 14. Poverty. 
 
 Edmund Chadwick. 
 
 15. English Dialogue. {Selected.) 
 
 Joseph L. Leach, Concord. 
 
 Nicholas A. Clarke, Exeter. 
 
 Edmund B. Whitman. 
 
 John B. L. Soule. 
 
 Frederick Morrill, Brentwood. 
 
 Francis E. Parker, Portsmouth. 
 
 George Hobart, East Briclgewater, Ms. 
 
 16. Onward. 
 
 James W. Brown. 
 
 17. The Reformation. 
 
 18. Valedictory Address. 
 
 William C. Tennet, New-Market. 
 Nicholas A. Clarke. 
 
 Music. 
 Ode. — Br Nathaniel M. Morison.
 
 INDEX.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Abbot, Abiel, assistant instructor at Abbot, Hannah Tracy Emery, the 
 
 Exeter Academy, 17. 
 
 Abbot, Benjamin, second Principal 
 of Academy, 16 ; enters the Phil- 
 lips Academy at Andover, 18 ; his 
 studies and schoolmates, 18; grad- 
 uates from Harvard College, 19; 
 instructor in Exeter Academy, 19 ; 
 chosen Preceptor of Exeter Acad- 
 emy, 19, 77; his qualifications as a 
 teacher and his interest in his 
 work, 19, 20; his benignity of 
 character, 2U, 21 ; pleasant reminis- 
 cences of, by former pupils, 21-25 ; 
 his pride in the Academy, 24; 
 extract from the North American 
 Review concerning, 25-27 ; resigns 
 his position as Principal, 27, 80; 
 the Festival in honor of, 27-33, 80; 
 the Abbot Scholarship founded at 
 Cambridge in honor of, 32; the 
 portrait of, presented to Exeter 
 Academy, 32; death of, 34, 81; 
 some biographical notes of, 34; his 
 grave at Exeter, 35 ; summary of 
 his principalship of Exeter Acad- 
 emy, 35, 36 ; resolutions adopted by 
 the Board of Trustees at his death, 
 81; reminiscence of, by A. S. 
 Packard, 228, 229. 
 
 Abbot, Charles Benjamin, some ac- 
 count of, 34 (note). 
 
 Abbot, Elizabeth Perkins, some ac- 
 count of, 34 (note). 
 
 Abbot, George, some account of the 
 family of, 16, 17. 
 
 first wife of Benjamin, 34. 
 
 Abbot, John, name borne for five 
 generations, 16. 
 
 Abbot, John, Professor and Libra- 
 rian at Bowdoin College, 17. 
 
 Abbot, John Emery, some account 
 of, 34 ( note). 
 
 Abbot, Mary Perkins, the second 
 wife of Benjamin, 34; death of, 35. 
 
 Act of Incorporation of Exeter Acad- 
 emy, 325-329. 
 
 Adams, Ebenezer, first Professor of 
 Mathematics and Natural Philoso- 
 phy at Exeter Academy, 19. 
 
 Athletic Association, the, its or- 
 ganization, 269, 270; how main- 
 tained and conducted, 270, 271. 
 
 Bancroft, George, endows a scholar- 
 ship at Exeter Academy, 83, 156; 
 presides at the centennial celebra- 
 tion of Exeter Academy, 86 ; bio- 
 graphical sketch of, 154-156. 
 
 Boat Club, the, its organization, 267, 
 268; how maintained and con- 
 ducted, 269 ; its ensign, 269. 
 
 Bowen, Francis, biographical sketch 
 of, 195-197. 
 
 Buckminster, Rev. Joseph, elected 
 Professor of Divinity at Exeter 
 Academy, 77, 133; biographical 
 sketch of, 179-181. 
 
 Burroughs, Charlps, biographical 
 sketch of, 217, 218. 
 
 Butler, Hon. Benjamin F., biograph- 
 ical sketch of, 158-162. 
 
 23
 
 354 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Cambridge, Harvard College estab- 
 lished at, 4; first printing-press in 
 America at, 4; first Bible in Indian 
 tongue printed at, 4. 
 
 Cass, Lewis, biographical sketch of 
 142-145. 
 
 Chadbourne, Paul Ansel, biographi- 
 cal sketch of, 181-184. 
 
 Chadwick, Edmund, reminiscence of 
 Benjamin F. Butler by, 159. 
 
 Christian Fraternity, the, origin of, 
 249; its founders, 249 ( note); its 
 otticers and its meetings, 250. 
 
 Cilley, Bradbury Longfellow, bio- 
 graphical sketch of, 200, 201. 
 
 Cleaveland, John P., biographical 
 sketch of, 187, 188. 
 
 Cogswell, Joseph Greene, biographi- 
 cal sketch of, 171. 
 
 Constitution of the Founder of Exe- 
 ter Academy, 330-339. 
 
 Copeland, William E., reminiscence 
 by, of school life at Exeter in 1855, 
 240-244. 
 
 Cunningham, Frank H., speech bj-, 
 at the anniversary of the Christian 
 Fraternity, 251, 252. 
 
 Dartmouth College, established by 
 royal grant, 7 {note). 
 
 Dearbdru, Colonel Henry, 77. 
 
 Dummer Academy, established at 
 Bvfield, Mass., 5. 
 
 Dunbar, Charles F., biographical 
 sketch of, 171. 
 
 Emery, Nicholas, assistant tutor at 
 Exeter Academy, 132. 
 
 Everett, Alexander Hill, biographi- 
 cal sketch of, 188, 189. 
 
 Everett, Edward, biographical sketch 
 of, 139-142. 
 
 Exeter, brief sketch of, 319-324; its 
 early settlement and location, 319; 
 its principal industries, 319, 320, 
 323; its active part in the Revolu- 
 tion, 320-322; its principal build- 
 ings of interest, 320, 322-324; its 
 beautiful scenery, 323, 324. 
 
 Exonian, the, its origin, 272 ; censor- 
 ship exercised by the Faculty over, 
 274; its tinancial prosperity, 275, 
 276; its editors, 270-279 ; miscella- 
 neous remarks on, 279, 280. 
 
 Faulhaber, Oscar, biographical sketch 
 of, 201. 
 
 Gi(k'(in Lane Soule Literary Society, 
 the, its motto, 2G3; its organi- 
 zation, 2G4; its officers, past and 
 l>rescnt, 2G4-2G7 ; programme of 
 its meetings, 2G4, 207; its growth 
 and prosperity, 2G5-2G7. 
 
 Oilman, John Taylor, Treasurer of 
 Exeter Academy, 71; President of 
 the Board of Trustees of Exeter 
 Academy, 79. 
 
 Oilman, Nicholas, his bequest to Exe- 
 ter Academy, 73, 79; anecdote of, 
 by George Kent, 225. 
 
 Golden Branch Society, the, its mot- 
 to, 252, 255 ; its object, 253, 262 ; 
 origin of, 253, 254; original mem- 
 bers of, 254 [note) ; its meetings, 
 255, 262: extract from the inau- 
 gural address of one of its Presi- 
 dents, 216 ; the cause of ill-feeling 
 among non-members, 256, 257 ; the 
 office of critic, and how abolished. 
 258, 259; its library, 259; list of 
 lecturers at its anniversaries, 260; 
 its roll of membership since its 
 organization, 261. 
 
 Gordon, Nathaniel, founds a scholar- 
 ship at Exeter Academy, 84. 
 
 Hale, Hon. George S., poem by, 
 344, 345. 
 
 Hale, John Parker, biographical 
 sketch of, 145-147. 
 
 Hale, Martha, (oimds a scholarship 
 at Exeter Academy, 84. 
 
 Hale, Nathan, biographical sketch of 
 194, 195. 
 
 Harvard College, established at 
 Cambridge, Mass., 4. 
 
 Harvard, John, the early patron of 
 Harvard College, 4.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 355 
 
 Haven, Nathan A., Jr., biographical 
 slvetch of, 163, 164. 
 
 Hildreth, Hosea, teacher at Exeter 
 Academy, 42, 19-3; biographical 
 sketch of, 192, 193. 
 
 Hildreth, Richard, biographical 
 sketch of, 156, 157. 
 
 Hoyt, Joseph Gibson, a summary of 
 tiie characteristics of Benjamin 
 Abbot bj', 25-27; biographical 
 sketch of, 173-179 ; early life and 
 struggle for an education, 173; his 
 professional life, 174; his efforts in 
 behalf of the town of Exeter, 174, 
 175; his death, 174; his success as 
 a teacher, 175, 176; his literary 
 ability, 176 ; anecdotes of, 176, 
 177 ; eulogy en, by Sylvester 
 Waterhouse, 178. 
 
 Hurd, Isaac C, elected Theological 
 Instructor at Exeter Academy, 
 79, 194; biographical sketch of, 
 194. 
 
 Incorporation, Act of, for the Exeter 
 Academy, 325-329. 
 
 Kent, George, reminiscences of school 
 life at Exeter in 1808, 220-225. 
 
 Kingman, Jeremiah, biographical 
 sketch of, 203-311; his early youth 
 and education, 203, 204; his in- 
 terest in the work of education, 
 204; his bequest to Exeter Acad- 
 emy and Dartmouth College, 205; 
 his public and social life, 205. 206 ; 
 his devotion to study in later years, 
 206, 207; his rare argumentative 
 abilit}', 207, 208; anecdotes of, 209; 
 characteristics of, 210. 
 
 Kittredge, George Lyman, biograph- 
 ical sketch of, 202! 
 
 Lincoln, Hon. Robert T., anecdote of 
 Dr. Soule by, 57; biographical 
 sketch of, 149, 150. 
 
 Lord, Nathan, biographical sketch 
 of, 190. 
 
 Lyman, Theodore, biographical 
 sketch of. 171. 
 
 Massachusetts Colony, early pro- 
 visions for education in, 3, 4. 
 
 Mather, Cotton, his epitaph on 
 Samuel Phillips, 89. 
 
 McClure, Rev. David, discourse b}', 
 at the opening of Exeter Academy, 
 8; oration by, at the dedication 
 of the Academy building and the 
 installation of the first Preceptor, 9 ; 
 one of the first Trustees of the 
 Academy, 326. 
 
 Morison, Rev. John H., anecdote of 
 Dr. Soule by, 51-53. 
 
 Moulton, William P., reminiscence 
 of Benjamin F. Butler by, 159. 
 
 Odlin, Woodhridge, 74; founds the 
 Odlin Professorship at Exeter 
 Academ}', 85, 214; biographical 
 sketch of, 213, 214. 
 
 Orders of Exercises, 346-350. 
 
 Packard, Alpheus Spring, Professor 
 at Bowdoin College, 42, 166; bio- 
 graphical sketch of, 166, 167; remi- 
 niscences of school life at Exeter 
 in 1811, 226-235. 
 
 Palfrey, Dr. John G., presides at the 
 Soule Festival, 60; biographical 
 sketch of, 162, 163. 
 
 Peabody, Dr. A. P., President of the 
 Board of Trustees of Phillips Exe- 
 ter Academy, 45, 219 ; extract from 
 a speech by, on the resignation of 
 Dr. Soule, 45, 57; high tribute paid 
 to Dr. Soule bv, 57; biographical 
 sketch of, 218, 219. 
 
 Peabody, General Nathaniel, anec- 
 dote of, b}^ George Kent, 224. 
 
 Peabody, Oliver W. B., biographical 
 sketch of, 191, 192. 
 
 Peabody, William B. 0.. biographi- 
 cal sketch of, 191. 
 
 Pearson, Eliphalet, a friend and 
 schoolmate of .Judge Samuel Phil- 
 lips, 5; his efforts for the establish- 
 ment of the Phillips Academy at 
 Andover, 7; teacher at the Phillips 
 Academy at Andover, 18.
 
 356 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Peunel], Robert Franklin, anecdote 
 of, 126; biographical sketch of, 
 198, 199. 
 
 Perkins, Albert Cornelius, fourth 
 Principal of the Phillips Exeter 
 Academy, 67, 84; some account of, 
 67, 68 ; resigns his position as Prin- 
 cipal, 67, 86. 
 
 Phillips, Christopher, genealogical 
 table of the family of, 105. 
 
 Phillips, Elizabeth, her gift to the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy, 72, 101. 
 
 Phillips, George, Kev., ancestor of 
 the founder of Phillips Exeter 
 Academy, 3 ; some account of, 87- 
 89 ; brief sketch of the family of, 
 87-90, 105. 
 
 Phillips, John (a), 105. 
 
 Phillips, John (i). 105. 
 
 Phillips, John (c), 105. 
 
 Phillips, John ((/), one of the found- 
 ers of the Phillips Academy at An- 
 dover, 6, 90; founds the Phillips 
 Exeter Academ_v, 7 ; letter from, 
 to Judge Samuel Phillips, regard- 
 ing the opening of the Phillips 
 Exeter Academy, 8 ; birth of, 90 ; 
 some account of his early life, 90, 
 91; invited to become pastor of 
 the Second Church in Exeter, 91 ; 
 retires from the ministry and 
 enters business, 91 ; his thrift and 
 economy, 92 ; his home at Exeter, 
 93 ; anecdote of, by Wendell Phil- 
 lips, 94; his zeal and activit,y 
 during the Revolution, 95 ; retires 
 from business, 95; his interest in 
 the advancement of education, 90 ; 
 receives the degree of LL. D. from 
 IJartmouth College, 96; his various 
 gifts to the Phillips Academy at 
 Andover, 97; a letter from, to 
 Judge Samuel Phillips, regarding 
 the incorporation of Exeter Acad- 
 emy, 99 ; his interest in Exeter 
 Academy, 100 ; married life of 
 101; his' death, 78, 101, 102 ; dispo- 
 
 sition of his fortune after his death, 
 102 ; his grave, 103 ; high tribute 
 paid to the memory of, by Josiah 
 Quincy, 103, 104; fac-simile of his 
 handwriting, 103, 105. 
 
 Phillips, John C, 105. 
 
 Phillips, Jonathan, 105. 
 
 Phillips, Mary Ann, 105. 
 
 Phillips, Samuel {a), preacher at Row- 
 ley, 89, 105. 
 
 Phillips, Samuel (i), goldsmith at 
 Salem, 89, 105. 
 
 Phillips, Samuel (c), pastor of Sec- 
 ond Church at Andover, Mass., 5; 
 some account of, 90, 105. 
 
 Phillips, Samuel (c/). Judge, enters 
 Dummer Academy, 5 ; the origina- 
 tor of our American Academy sys- 
 tem, 5 ; Taylor's memoir of, 5 ; grad- 
 uates from Harvard College, 5 ; his 
 marriage, 5 ; prominent part taken 
 by, in the struggle of the Colonies 
 for independence, ; the idea of es- 
 tablishing an Academy conceived 
 by, 6 ; a letter from, to John Phil- 
 lips, favoring the founding of Ex- 
 eter Academy, 98 ; Lieut.-Governor 
 of Massachusetts, 105. 
 
 Phillips, Samuel (f), one of the 
 founders of the Phillips Academy 
 at Andover, Mass., 7, 105. 
 
 Phillips, Sarah, 101. 
 
 Phillips, Wendell, 105 ; address by, 
 at the Soule Festival, 61-03. 
 
 Phillips, William (n), 105. 
 
 Phillips, William (i), 105. 
 
 Phillips, William <c), 105. 
 
 Phillips, William (cZ), benefactor of 
 Exeter Academy, 74, 105. 
 
 Phillips Academy at Andover, con- 
 stitution of, drawn up and signed, 
 7, 96 ; incorporation of, 7, 96. 
 
 Phillips Exeter Academy, the, first 
 hundred years of, 1 ; honorable rec- 
 ord of its pupils, 2; how it origi- 
 nated, 2; Founder's Day and its cel- 
 ebration, 3; its act of incorporation
 
 INDEX. 
 
 357 
 
 signed, 7, 76, 100 ; powers granted 
 by its act of incorporation, 7, 121 ; 
 first meeting of its Board of Trns- 
 tees, 7, 76 ; first Academy building 
 erected, 8, 77, lOG ; opening of tlie 
 school, liow delayed, 8; Benjamin 
 Thurston named as first Preceptor 
 of, 8 ; the school opened, 8, 77 ; 
 formal dedication of its building 
 and installation of William Wood- 
 bridge as first Preceptor, 9, 77, 
 100 ; account of the opening cere- 
 monies of, 13, 14: ; the first period 
 of, under William Woodbridge, 
 15 ; summary of the first period of, 
 Id ; the second period of, under 
 Benjamin Abbot, 10-19; prosperity 
 of, during the second period, 19; 
 summary of the second period of, 
 35, 30; instructors at, during the 
 second period, 30 ; the third period 
 of, under Dr. Soule, 37-67 ; gift of 
 John Langdon Sibley to, 04-00; 
 summary of the third period of, 
 CO, 07 ; instructors at, during the 
 third period, 67; distinguished 
 pupils at, during the third period, 
 67 ; the fourth period of, under 
 Albert Cornelius Perkins, 67, 68 ; 
 financial history of, 69-70; the 
 original endowment of, 69, 70; 
 charity fund merged into general 
 fund of, 73 ; chronological sum- 
 mary of, 76-86 ; second Academy 
 building erected, 78, 107 ; second 
 Academy building enlarged, 79, 
 108; limitation of number of stu- 
 dents at, 80; some account of 
 Abbot Hall, 82, 116 ; second Acad- 
 emy building destroyed by fire, 83, 
 109 ; subscription to rebuild the 
 Academy building, 84, 110, 111; 
 third Academy building erected, 
 84, 112 ; dedication of the third 
 Academy building, 84, 112; some 
 account of Gorham Hall, 84, 117; 
 description of the third Academy 
 
 building, 113-116; list of por- 
 traits and busts belonging to, 117- 
 120; government of, how vested, 
 121; terms of its constitution, 122, 
 123 ; its Trustees and their duties, 
 122, 123 ; duties of its instructors, 
 123; the Facult}' and its office, 124; 
 monitors and their duties, 124, 125, 
 punishment, how inflicted, 125; 
 120; biographical sketches of dis- 
 tinguished pupils of, 128, 172; 
 biographical sketches of its in- 
 structors, 173-202; biographical 
 sketches of its benefactors and 
 Trustees, 203-220; reminiscences 
 and anecdotes of, 220-247 ; some 
 account of the societies of, 248- 
 271; sports and games at, 281- 
 2SG ; tables of records for foot- 
 ball, base ball, and boating at, 
 285, 280; table of athletic tourna- 
 ments at, 286; list of its officers 
 since its foundation, 287, 288 ; list of 
 its teachers, 289-291 ; its laws and 
 regulations, 291-297; regulations 
 for boarding-houses, 296, 297 ; 
 course of instruction at, under 
 Dr. Abbot, 297 - 300 ; course of 
 instruction at, under Dr. Soule, 
 301-304; course of instruction for 
 1881-82, 304-310; table showing 
 increase in the number of its pupils 
 from its foundation to 1883, 310; 
 table showing the number of 
 students in the different depart- 
 ments of, from 1866 to 1883, 311 ; 
 table showing how it compares 
 with other schools in the number 
 of pupils sent to Harvard College, 
 312 ; sources of aid for needy 
 students at, 313; list of recipients 
 of its scholarships, 314 ; table 
 showing the proportion between 
 Foundationers and Non-Founda- 
 tioners at different schools, 316 ; 
 its beneficiary funds, and their in- 
 crease, 316; estimate of expenses
 
 358 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 at, 316, 317; salaries of its teachers, 
 317, 318; Act of Incorporation of, 
 323-329; the Constitution of, 330- 
 339; poems commemorative of, 
 340-345 ; order of exercises at two 
 of its anniversaries, 346-349. 
 
 Poems commemorative of Exeter 
 Academy, 340-345. 
 
 Prescott, Benjamin F., biographical 
 sketch of, 147-149; his birth, 147; 
 his course at Exeter Academy, 
 148; graduates from Dartmouth 
 College, 148 ; admitted to the bar 
 in New Hampshire, 148 ; his pub- 
 lic life, 148. 
 
 Quincy, Josiah, an early pupil at the 
 Phillips Academy at Andover, 18; 
 a reminiscence of his school life, 
 18; toast offered by, at the Abbot 
 Festival, 31 ; high tribute paid by, 
 to the memory of John Phillips, 
 102, 103. 
 
 Ringe, Aunt, reminiscence of, 244- 
 246. 
 
 Saltonstall, Hon. Leverett, his be- 
 quest to Exeter Academy, 73, 
 165; biographical sketch of, 165, 
 166. 
 
 Saltonstall, Sir Richard, one of the 
 early settlers of Watertown, Mas- 
 sachusetts, 3. 
 
 Seligman, .Jesse, his gift to Exeter 
 Academy, 113. 
 
 Siblej', Dr. Jonathan, his gift to 
 Exeter Academy, 65, 83. 
 
 Siblej', John Langdon, his con- 
 nection with the library at Har- 
 vard College, 64, 211, "212, 213; 
 speech by, at the Soule Festival, 
 64-66; his gift to Exeter Academv, 
 64-66, 83, 212; biographical sketch 
 of, 211-213. 
 
 Smith, Jeremiah, teacher at the Phil- 
 lips Academy at Andover, 18, 
 215; extract from speech b}', at the 
 Abbot Festival, 30, 215 ; biographi- 
 cal sketch of, 214-216. 
 
 Snow, C. H. B., verses by, sung at 
 the Soule festival, 345, 346. 
 
 Soule, George, 37 ; some account of 
 the family of, 38. 
 
 Soule, Gideon Lane, his high com- 
 mendation of Benjamin Abbot, 27; 
 the third Principal of Exeter Acad- 
 emy, 37; his early educational 
 advantages, 39, 42; his birth and 
 birthplace, 39, 40; his pre-emi- 
 nence in both scholarship and 
 sports, 41 ; anecdote of, 41 ; ner- 
 vous temperament of, 41 ; begins 
 his classical studies, 42; enters 
 Exeter Academj^ 42 ; enters Bow- 
 doin College, 42; his high rank at 
 both school and college, 42, 43; 
 graduates from Bowdoin College, 
 43; appointed assistant instructor 
 at Exeter Academy, 43 ; enters the 
 Andover Theological Seminar}', 
 43; his further studies at Bowdoin 
 College, after graduation, 43 ; 
 appointed Professor of Ancient 
 Languages at Exeter Academy', 
 
 44, 79; becomes Principal of the 
 Academy, 44, 81 ; some account 
 of the family of, 44; receives the 
 degree of LL. D. from Harvard 
 College, 44 ; semi-centennial festi- 
 val in honor of, 45, 59-66, 84; 
 resigns his position as Principal, 
 
 45, 84; receives the title of "Prin- 
 cipal Emeritus," 44; his interest 
 in the Academy after resigna- 
 tion, 45; his gradual failure in 
 health and mental powers, 46; 
 death of, 46, 85; funeral of, 46; 
 the physical characteristics of, 46 ; 
 how he was led to prepare for 
 college, 47-50 ; his joyous disposi- 
 tion, 50; popularity of, among his 
 pupils, 51 ; his good influence 
 upon the morals of his pupils, 50, 
 51; anecdote of, hy Rev. John 
 H. Morison, 51-53; his eminent 
 qualifications as a disciplinarian,
 
 INDEX. 
 
 359 
 
 53, 56 ; anecdote of, by George T. 
 Tilden, 53-55; high tribute paid 
 to, by Dr. Peabody, 57 ; anecdote 
 of his method of conducting recita- 
 tions, 57 ; his after-school talks 
 with his pupils, 58 ; his interest in 
 the town and townspeople of Exe- 
 ter, 58 ; his grief at the destruction 
 of the second Academy building, 
 110 ; anecdote of, 247. 
 
 Soule, John B. L., reminiscence of 
 Benjamin Abbot by, 21, 23, 24; 
 his verses on the loss of the sec- 
 ond Academy building. 111, 342, 
 343. 
 
 Soule, Moses, Deacon, 38. 
 
 Soule, Moses, reminiscences of school 
 life at Exeter in 1822, 235-239. 
 
 Sparks, Jared, widow of. 111 ; bio- 
 graphical sketch of, 151-154; is 
 placed on the " Foundation '' list 
 at Exeter Academy, 151-153; his 
 early efforts to obtain an education, 
 ]52, 221; high praise of, by Dr. 
 Abbot, 153, 154; outline of his 
 life and labors, 154, 
 
 Sparks, "William E., reminiscence of 
 the Phillips Exeter Academy bv, 
 107. 
 
 Stebbins, Rev. Horatio, orator at the 
 centennial celebration of the Phil- 
 lips Exeter Academy, 86. 
 
 Thacher, Peter 0., biographical 
 sketch of, 197, 198 
 
 Thurston, Benjamin, suggested as 
 first Preceptor of Exeter Academy, 
 8; as temporary instructor hears 
 tirst lesson recited in the Acad- 
 emy, 9; his address at the instal- 
 lation of William Woodbridge as 
 first Preceptor of the Academy, 
 9, 10; one of the first Trustees, 
 326. 
 
 Tilden, George T., anecdote of Dr. 
 Soule by, 53-56. 
 
 Tuck, Amos, biographical sketch of, 
 216. 
 
 Tufts, James Arthur, biographical 
 sketch of, 201, 202. 
 
 Walker, James, teacher at Exeter 
 Academy, 42, 186, 187 ; biographi- 
 cal sketch of, 180, 187. 
 
 Ware, Jr., Henry, teacher at the 
 Phillips Exeter Academy, 42, 184; 
 biographical sketch of, 184-186 ; 
 song by, sung at the Abbot 
 Festival, 341. 
 
 Washington, Bushrod, biographical 
 sketch of, 170. 
 
 Waterhouse, Prof. Sj'lvester, anec- 
 dote of Lewis Cass by, 143 ; bio- 
 graphical sketch of, 167 - 170 ; 
 testimony of regard from his for- 
 mer pupils at Washington Univer- 
 sity, 168, 169 ; his public life, 169 ; 
 his literary productions, 169, 170 ; 
 eulogy on J. G. Hoyt by, 178. 
 
 Webster, Abigail Eastman, 129. 
 
 Webster, Daniel, presides at the 
 Abbot Festival, 29, 138 ; elected a 
 Trustee of Exeter Academy, 80, 
 135, 139 ; biographical sketch of, 
 129-139; his birth and early youth, 
 129; his father decides to give 
 him a college education, 129,130; 
 enters Exeter Academy, 130 ; anec- 
 dote of, 130, 131; his superiority 
 in scholarship at Exeter, 132, 133 ; 
 his earliest efforts and failure at 
 declamation, 133; enters Dart- 
 mouth College, 134; the develop- 
 ment of his oratorical powers, 134; 
 his success at college, 134 ; anec- 
 dote of. by Edmund Chadwick, 
 135; sends his son Pxlward to 
 Exeter, 137; extract from a letter 
 to his son at Exeter, 137 ; a letter 
 to the pupils of Exeter Academy, 
 139; death of, 139; his last words, 
 139. 
 
 Webster, Ebenezer, 129. 
 
 Wentworth, Prof. George A, 84; 
 biographical sketch of, 200 ; anec- 
 dotes of, 246, 247.
 
 360 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Wheelwright, John, founder of the 
 town of Exeter, 38, 219. 
 
 Whitman, Judge H. C, his reminis- 
 cences of Benjamin Abbot, 21. 
 
 Winkley, Henry, his gift to Exeter 
 Academy, 74, 85. 
 
 Wood, Rev. Samuel, prepares 
 Daniel Webster for Dartmouth 
 College, 134. 
 
 Woodbridge, Rev. Ashbel, 15. 
 
 Woodbridge, William, installed a 
 first Preceptor of Exeter Academy, 
 9 ; his address at his installation, 
 10-13; biographical notice of, 15; 
 resigns his position as Preceptor, 
 15, 77. 
 
 Wvman, Jeffiries, biographical sketch 
 of, 172. 
 
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