C-WL*i 
 
 THE LANDS 
 
 Central Paeifle Railroad Co. 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA, 
 
 General Information 
 
 RESOURCES of the COUNTRY 
 
 iikor<;n which 
 
 THE RAILROAD TAKES ITS WAY. 
 
 June 1, L88O 
 
 II. s. < 
 
 AN I RANCISCO: 
 
 1880. 
 
 [ob Printers. 
 
THE LANDS 
 
 Central Paeifie Railroad Co. 
 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA, 
 
 General Information 
 
 RESOURCES of the COUNTRY 
 
 THKOI'wH WHICH 
 
 THE RAILROAD TAKES ITS WAY. 
 
 June 1, 1880, 
 
 FRANCISCO: 
 kik & Co., Steam Book and Job Printers. 
 1880. 
 
,£3.03 
 
 1880 
 
 INDEX 
 
 Page. 
 
 Introduction 
 
 LANDS OF CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILROAD- 
 MAIN LINE. 
 
 Mode by which Public Lands are Surveyed and 
 Designated 
 
 Plat showing manner of subdividing and num- 
 bering Sections in each Township 
 
 The Lands Granted to the Company 
 
 Process by which Title, is Acquired 
 
 Even numbered Sections Retained by the Gov- 
 ernment 
 
 Advantages to the Purchasers of Railroad 
 Lands 
 
 No Sale before Patent 
 
 Grading Lands 
 
 Prices 
 
 When Time is Allowed 
 
 Termp of Time Sales 1 
 
 Exemplification ot Plans and Manner of Com- 
 puting Payments 
 
 Kind of Deed 14 
 
 Lands for Rent 14 
 
 Land-Seekers' Tickets and Land-Selection 
 Vouchers 14 
 
 CHARACTER OF THE COUNTRY THROUGH 
 WHICH THE CENTRAL PACIFIC RAIL- 
 ROAD PASSES. 
 
 Alluvial or " Bottom " Land 15 
 
 Wheat, Grazing, and Orchard Lands 16 
 
 Grazing Land and Sheep Ranges 17 
 
 12 
 
 Page. 
 
 Vineyard Lands 17 
 
 Raisins 19 
 
 Valley Lands among the Hills 19 
 
 • Timber Lands 20 
 
 Dairy Lands of the Mountains 20 
 
 Mines and Quarries 21 
 
 Estimated Population the Lands will support. 21 
 
 Markets 22 
 
 Stations on the Line of the Road 22 
 
 Schools— Education 26 
 
 Climate 26 
 
 Counties in which the Company owns lands — 
 
 Agricultural Productions, Etc 27 
 
 General Remarks ' 28 
 
 LANDS OF THE CALIFORNIA AND OREGON 
 
 DIVISION OF THE CENTRAL PACIFIC 
 
 RAILROAD. 
 
 Wool 31 
 
 Markets 32 
 
 Stations on the Constructed Line of the Road . 32 
 
 Statistics of Productions 33 
 
 Policy of the Company — Applications for Land 
 
 and Privileges Gained thereby 33 
 
 Settlement before Patent 34 
 
 Concluding Remarks 35 
 
 LANDS IN NEVADA AND UTAH. 
 
 Grazing and " Bottom " Lands in Nevada 36 
 
 Railroad Lands in Utah 36 
 
 Advice to Emigrants 37 
 
 Further Information 39 
 
 Address of Land Agent 40 
 
15 '+29 
 
 THE LANDS 
 
 <f entral |}arifty %0tm& €m\\m\^ 
 
 CALIFORNIA, NEVADA, AND UTAH. 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 The purpose of this pamphlet is to present a description of 
 the Railroad Lands in California, (Nevada and Utah,) offered 
 for sale by the Central Pacific Railroad Co., giving their loca- 
 tion, soil, productiveness, climate, healthfulness, scenery, and 
 general attractiveness; their present and prospective values, 
 price, and the terms under which they are offered for sale; also 
 some statistics of the production, during 1879. of the different 
 counties through which the railroad takes its way; the latter 
 of which has been officially prepared by the Surveyor-General 
 of the State of California, and is entitled "7 he Biennial Report 
 of the Surveyor- General of the State of California, from August 
 1, 1877, to August 1, 1879" 
 
 THE RAILROAD COMPANY CAME IN POSSESSION OF THEIR LANDS 
 - OF GRANTS— RAILROAD TITLE— NO SALE BEFORE PATENT— 
 PRICES OF LANDS— GRADING LANDS-WHEN TIME IS ALLOWED— 
 OP TIMi: BALB8 KIND OF DEED. Etc. 
 
 The Central Pacific Railroad Company, of California, was one 
 of the companies authorized by Act of Congress to construct a 
 railroad from the Missouri River to the Pacific Ocean — a part 
 of the continental railroad that extends from the Atlantic 
 Ocean to the Pacific. It was empowered by Congress to con- 
 
[ 4 ] 
 
 struct its road eastward from the navigable waters of the Sac- 
 ramento River until it should meet and connect with the Union 
 Pacific Railroad. This connection was made near Salt Lake. 
 
 The California and Oregon Railroad Company was author- 
 ized, by Act of Congress, to construct a railroad northerly from 
 a point on the Central Pacific Railroad, in the Sacramento 
 valley, until it should meet and connect with the Oregon and 
 California Railroad, which runs south from Portland, Oregon. 
 
 The Central Pacific Railroad Company, of California, and 
 the California and Oregon Railroad Company, together with 
 the Western Pacific Railroad Company, were merged and con- 
 solidated into one corporation, and a new name, " Central Pa- 
 cific Railroad," given to the consolidated company. 
 
 The completion of these railroads was considered of such 
 great national importance, that the Congress of the United 
 States, for the purpose of aiding in their construction, gave to 
 each of the companies an extensive grant of land. 
 
 As the grants are, in some respects, dissimilar in character, 
 they will be described separately. First, the lands given to 
 the Central Pacific Railroad of California (main line); and 
 second, those granted to the California and Oregon Railroad, 
 or California and Oregon Division of C. P. R. R. 
 
[ 5 ] 
 
 LANDS OF CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILROAD-MAIN LINE. 
 
 Under the Pacific Railroad Acts of Congress, passed July 
 1st, 1862, and July 2d, 1864, there is granted to this Company 
 every alternate section of public land, designated by odd num- 
 bers, within twenty miles on each side of its railroad, except- 
 ing, however, mineral lands and tracts to which pre-emption 
 and homestead claims had legally attached. This grant, is 
 equivalent to about twenty sections to each mile of the road, 
 and as the sections contain six hundred and forty acres each, 
 it amounts to twelve thousand eight hundred acres per mile, 
 less the exceptions above noted. On the reserved mineral 
 lands within ten miles on each side of the line of railroad, the 
 timber is granted to the Company. These Acts are in terms 
 a present grant, and are, therefore, a full and perfect convey- 
 ance from the original source of land titles, the National 
 Government. 
 
 MODE BY WHICH PUBLIC LANDS ARE SURVEYED AND DESIGNATED. 
 
 To persons not familiar with the public land system of the 
 United States, it may be necessary to make a brief explanation 
 of the manner in which they are surveyed, as, with an under- 
 standing of this, a definite idea will be had of the extent and 
 situation of the Company's grant of lands. 
 
 The United States causes its lands to be surveyed by its 
 officers into townships of six miles square; these townships 
 are subdivided into thirty-six sections of one square mile each, 
 or six hundred and forty acres. Each section is again sub- 
 divided into four quarters of one hnndred a,nd sixty acres each, 
 and again into sixteen quarter-quarter sections of forty acres 
 (;ach. which Is the smallest quantity sold, except fractions on 
 the borders of rivers, lakes, etc. In making these surveys in 
 Central California, Mount Diablo, a prominent peak near the 
 junction of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers,was selected 
 as the initial or starting point, from which four lines were run, 
 two north and south, called the meridian line, and two east and 
 . called the base line; and from these lines the several 
 townships are surveyed; those north and south being. numbered 
 Iroin the base lines 1, 2, 3, etc., north or south of the base line*, 
 
[ 6 ] 
 
 as the case may be, and those lying east and west described in 
 t he same way, as east or west of the meridian line. Thus, 
 the city of Sacramento is described as being in township eight 
 north, of range five east, of Mount Diablo base and meridian; 
 that is, it is in the eighth tier of townships north of the base 
 line, and the fifth east of the meridian line. 
 
 The following is a plat showing the manner of subdividing 
 and numbering the sections in each township : 
 
 T. 8 N., R. 5 E. 
 
 -28- 
 
 :;;;- 
 
 W- 
 
 THE LANDS GRANTED TO THE COMPANY. 
 
 From the Acts of Congress quoted, it will be seen that the 
 Government has granted to the Company all the alternate 
 sections designated by odd numbers, as 1, 8, 5, 7, etc., for 
 twenty miles on each side of the line of the road, that had not, 
 at the date of the grant, been otherwise disposed of by the 
 Government; thus, as before stated, for each mile of road con- 
 structed, it receives 12,800 acres of land. 
 
 PROCESS BY WHICH TITLE IS ACQUIRED. 
 
 As the railroad is completed and accepted by the Govern- 
 ment, the Company makes a list of the lands to which it is 
 entitled, lying within twenty miles on either side of such com- 
 
[ 7 ] 
 
 pleted section. This list, if found correct, is duly certified by 
 the proper United States Land Officers, and forwarded to the 
 Land Department at Washington, where it is again examined. 
 Upon this the patent is issued, and thus the title of the Com- 
 pany is perfected. 
 
 EVEN NUMBERED SECTIONS RETAINED BY THE GOVERNMENT. 
 
 The minimum price of ordinary public land is $1.25 per 
 acre, or $200 for a quarter section of one hundred and sixty 
 acres; but from the fact that the construction of railroads in- 
 creases the value of the land in- their vicinity, a general Act of 
 Congress provides that when the alternate sections are donated 
 to aid in the construction of a railroad, the remaining ungranted 
 sections are increased in price to the " double minimum," or 
 $2.50 per acre, so that the even numbered sections within the 
 limits of the grant of this Company can only be purchased at 
 that price. 
 
 ADVANTAGES TO THE PURCHASERS Of RAILROAD LANDS. 
 
 The purchasers of railroad lands have many advantages 
 those purchasing from the Government, some of which 
 can be best explained by stating the mode in which the 
 Government disposes of its public land — the even numbered 
 sections — within the railroad reservation. A person, to ac- 
 quire title from the Government by pre-emption, must first go 
 upon the land, commence its cultivation and erect a dwelling- 
 house ; he then files in the United States Land Office his 
 • declaratory statement ;" that is, a document setting forth that 
 he has selected a certain piece of land, describing it, together 
 with the date of his settlement, the fact that he is a citizen or 
 legally declared his intention to become a citizen, his age, 
 etc. After three months he must appear at the United States 
 Land Office, with two witnesses, where a trial is had, and 
 proof made on oath before the Land Officers that he has com- 
 plied with nil the provisions of the pre-emption law. If the 
 
 law has I a complied with he then pays $2.50 per acre, and 
 
 ;i receipt isgiven to him: in ;i year or two a patent is received, 
 and he returns the receipt and obtains the patent for his land. 
 No man can obtain from the Government, by pre-emption, 
 more than 160 acres of land, and having received this, his 
 privilege is exhausted. 
 
[ 8 ] 
 
 There is one other way by which a person can obtain 
 lands from the Government — on even numbered sections 
 within the railroad reservation — and that is, by filing a home- 
 stead claim on eighty acres. As in the case of pre-emption, 
 he must erect a dwelling, live on and cultivate the land ; he 
 must then file in the United States Land Office his declaration 
 of homestead, setting forth substantially the same facts as in 
 the case of pre-emption. On the day he files he receives a 
 homestead certificate. If he continues to live on the land and 
 cultivate it for five years from the day of filing, he can, after 
 that time, make proof of the facts as in the case of pre-emption, 
 and if the law has been complied with, he returns his certifi- 
 cate and in time will receive a patent, without other expense, 
 except the fees of the officers and the fees of an attorney, if 
 necessary that one should be employed. A pre-emption can- 
 not be for more than 160 acres, nor a homestead for more than 
 SO acres on Government land within the railroad reservation. 
 Neither the pre-emption nor homestead can be abandoned, 
 sold, mortgaged, or leased, until after the patent is issued. 
 On the other hand, the purchaser from the railroad is not 
 limited' as to quantity, and when the money is paid and the 
 deed issued, he can do as he pleases with the land — it is his 
 in fee simple. There are no complicated laws or rules — he 
 selects his land, pays for it and takes a deed, or buys on credit 
 and takes a contract for a deed, which is assignable. In either 
 case he does with the land as he deems proper — he may sell, 
 lease, reside on the land, or reside elsewhere, or he may let it 
 remain to increase in value by the settlement of the country 
 about it. Many purchasers of railroad lands do not build upon 
 the land purchased, but erect their dwellings upon the adjoin- 
 ing even sections, thus taking advantage of the privilege 
 granted by Government, and obtaining in one body a larger 
 tract than could otherwise be acquired. 
 
 NO SALE BEFORE PATENT. 
 
 The general rule of the Company is to sell no land before 
 a patent has been issued to the Company. This protects 
 the purchaser against the danger of getting a bad title, and 
 the Company against the suspicion of taking advantage of 
 the ignorant. 
 
[ 9 ] 
 
 GRADING LANDS. 
 
 When lands are ready to be sold, the Company sends a 
 man well acquainted with the quality of the soil and skilled in 
 determining the kind of agricultural product to which it is 
 best adapted, as also in determining its true market value, to 
 look at the various sections and tracts. After personal ex- 
 amination, he grades the land as being first, second or third 
 quality of farming, vineyard, timber or grazing land, and re- 
 ports the value of each piece. His report is examined, and, if 
 found correct, a price is established. The price is generally 
 that of unimproved land of the same quality in the immedi- 
 ate vicinity at the time of the grading. In ascertaining the 
 value, any improvements that a settler or other person may 
 have on the land will not be taken into consideration, neither 
 will the price of the land be increased in consequence of them. 
 Further, there is but one price— that fixed by the Company, 
 and land will be sold at that rate to those who in equity have 
 the best right to buy, even if others should offer more per 
 acre than the amount asked. Settlers are thus assured that, 
 in addition to being accorded the first privilege of purchase 
 at the graded price, they will also be protected in their im- 
 provements. 
 
 PRICES. 
 
 The lands are not uniform in price, but are offered at various 
 figures, from $2.50 upwards per acre ; usually land covered 
 with tall timber is held at $5 per acre, and that with pine at 
 $10. Most is for sale at $2.50 to $5. It is impossible to give 
 the prices by sections or minor subdivisions in this pamphlet. 
 Special inquiry must be made as to each piece. The purchaser 
 must pay for the acknowledgment of the three signatures to 
 the deed — the law now allows one dollar for each signature — 
 and he must pay for recording, usually about $2.50 for each 
 deed. 
 
 WHEN TIME IS ALLOWED. 
 
 Land is sold on contract, allowing time for the payment of 
 the purchase money — if the tract be 80 acres or more, and if 
 it have no timber. If it be less than 80 acres, or if it be 
 covered with timber, no sale will be made except upon full 
 
 went of cash before the execution of any paper. The 
 
[ io ] 
 
 rule of the Company is to make no contracts for sale of land 
 before the patent for it has been received. 
 
 TERMS OF TIME SALES. 
 
 Lands can be bought as follows : 
 
 1. Payment in full at time of purchase, with $3.00 notary's 
 fee for acknowledgment of signatures to deed. (See Example 
 1, on page 10.) 
 
 2. Payment of twenty per cent, of total amount, and first 
 year's interest on remainder at time of purchase, — interest 
 annually on said remainder in advance ; the remainder payable 
 at expiration of five years. Should purchaser desire to make 
 full payment before expiration of ^.ve years, he may do so. 
 (See example 2, page 10.) 
 
 3. In five annual payments. Twenty per cent, of total 
 amount and first year's interest on remainder at time of pur- 
 chase ; the remainder payable in four equal annual payments 
 at the commencement of each year from date of contract, with 
 interest yearly in advance. If preferred, payment in full can 
 be made at any time. (See Example 3, page 11.) 
 
 4. In nine payments. Twenty per cent, of total amount 
 and first year's interest on remainder at time of purchase; the 
 remainder payable in eight equal semi-annual payments, the 
 first of these payments one year after date of contract, and 
 the others every six months thereafter, with interest on the 
 remainder semi-annually in advance. If preferred, payment 
 in full can be made at any time. (See example 4, page 12.) 
 
 The rate of interest in all cases will be seven 'per cent, per 
 annum. 
 
 Persons should, at time of purchase, choose definitely on 
 which of the foregoing plans they prefer to buy : for after 
 papers shall have been made out, in order to avoid confusion 
 in keeping accounts, no change will be made from one plan of 
 sale to another. 
 
 Part payments of interest, except as above stated, will not 
 he received. Installments of round amounts on the principal, 
 however, will be received at any time. 
 
 No longer credit than five years is allowed in any case. 
 
[ 11 ] 
 
 In many instances in ivhich purchases have been made on 
 credit, the buyers hare realized enough from the crops of a single 
 year to. pay for the land ! 
 
 On land sold under contract the purchaser must cut no 
 wood save for domestic purposes of the actual occupants, or 
 for fencing the tract bought, until he has made his last pay- 
 inent. 
 
 All contracts may be assigned by the purchaser. Forms 
 for that purpose, to be signed by assignor and assignee, are 
 printed on the back of each contract. The assignment must 
 be acknowledged before a Notary Public, or a Clerk of a 
 Court of Record. 
 
 When a contract is made, the purchaser must, from that 
 date, see that the land is assessed to him, and must pay all 
 the taxes and assessments of every kind levied on the land for 
 public puposes. 
 
[ 12 ] 
 
 Exemplification of Foregoing Plans, and Manner of Computing Payments. 
 
 EXAMPLE I. 
 
 160 acres say at $5.00 per acre $800.00 
 
 Notary's fee for acknowledgements to deed 8.00 
 
 Payment in full $803.00 
 
 EXAMPLE II. 
 
 Purchase January 1, 1881, lfa'O acres, say at $5.00 per acre $800.00 
 
 Jan. 1, 1881-20 per cent, of $800.00 $160.00 
 
 First year's interest on remainder, $640.00 44.80 
 
 First payment $204.80 
 
 Jan. 1, 1882— Second year's interest on remainder, $640.00 44.80 
 
 Jan. 1, 1883— Third year's interest on remainder, $640.00 44.80 
 
 Jan. 1, 1884 — Fourth year's interest on remainder, $640.00 44.80 
 
 Jan. 1, 1885— Fifth year's interest on remainder, $640.00 44.80 
 
 Jan. 1886 — Remainder of purchase money $640.00 
 
 Notary's fee for deed 3.00 
 
 $643.00 
 
 EXAMPLE III. 
 
 Purchase January 1, 1881, 160 acres, say at $5.00 per acre $800.00 
 
 Jan. 1, 1881—20 per cent, of $800.00 $160.00 
 
 First year's interest on remainder, $640.00 44.80 
 
 First payment $204.80 
 
 Jan. 1, 1882—20 per cent, of $800.00 $160.00 
 
 Second year's interest on remainder, $480.00 33.60 
 
 Second payment $193.60 
 
 Jan. 1, 1883—20 per cent, of $800.00 $160.00 
 
 Third year's interest on remainder, $320.00 22.40 
 
 Third payment $182.40 
 
 Jan. 1, 1884—20 per cent, of $800.00 $160.00 
 
 Fourth year's interest on remainder, $160.00 1 1.20 
 
 Fourth payment $171.20 
 
 Jan. 1, 1885 — 20 per cent, of $800.00 being remainder of purchase money $160.00 
 Notary's fee for deed 3.00 
 
 Fifth payment $163.00 
 
[ 13 ] 
 
 EXAMPLE IV. 
 Purchase January 1, 1881, 160 acres, say at 5.00 per acre $ 800 00 
 
 f Jan. 1—20 per cent, of $800.00 $ 160.00 
 
 J First year's interest on remainder, $640.00 44.80 
 
 1881 ■{ 
 
 First payment $ 204.80 
 
 ( Jan. 1—10 per cent, of $800.00 $ 80.00 
 
 First six-months' interest on remainder, 560.00 19.60 
 
 1882 < 
 
 Second payment $ 99.60 
 
 July 1—10 per cent, of $800.00 $ 80.00 
 
 Second six-month's interest on remainder, $480.00 16.80 
 
 Third payment $ 96.80 
 
 ' Jan. 1—10 per cent, of $800.00 $ 80.00 
 
 First six-month's interest on remainder, $400.00 14.00 
 
 1883-{ 
 
 Fourth payment $ 94.00 
 
 July 1—10 per cent, of $800.00 $ 80.00 
 
 Second six-month's interest on remainder, $320.00 11.20 
 
 Fifth payment $ 91.20 
 
 ' Jan. 1—10 per cent, of $800.00 $ 80.00 
 
 First six-months' interest on remainder, $240.00 8.40 
 
 ISS4 
 
 Sixth payment % 88.40 
 
 July 1—10 per cent, of $800.00 $ 80.00 
 
 Second six-mouths' interest on remainder, $160.00 5.60 
 
 Seventh payment $ 85. 60 
 
 r Jan. 1—10 per cent, of $800.00 $ 80.00 
 
 First sir-months' interest on remainder, $80.00 2.80 
 
 Eighth payment $ 82. SO 
 
 July 1 — 10 per cent, of $800.00, being remainder of purchase 
 
 money $ 80.00 
 
 Notary's fee for deed 3.00 
 
 Ninth payment $ 83.00 
 
 ["The above exemplification of plans and manner of com- 
 puting payments is presented for the benefit of those who 
 
 er to make regular payments at stated periods. Install- 
 ments of round amounts on the principal, however, icill be 
 retell"! at any time. But part payments of interest, except as 
 above stated, cannot he received. J 
 
[ 14 ] 
 
 KIND OF DEED. 
 
 The Company gives what is known as a bargain and sale 
 deed, the form customary in California. It warrants to the 
 purchaser that he gets the entire title acquired by the Com- 
 pany from the Federal Government, and is signed by the Pres- 
 ident and Secretary of the Company and two Trustees. 
 
 LANDS FOR RENT. 
 
 The Company will lease its vacant grazing or agricultural 
 lands by the year, or for a term of years, but reserves the right 
 of selling its grazing lands so leased at any time, or its agri- 
 cultural lands at the end of any crop year, repaying to the 
 lessee a share of the rent money proportioned exactly to the 
 area sold, the time of the sale and the duration of the lease. 
 The lessee must not cut any timber except for firewood for 
 domestic purposes. The conditions are distinctly stated in the 
 lease. The rent must always be paid in coin, and in advance. 
 
 LAND-SEEKERS TICKETS AND LAND-SELECTION VOUCHERS. 
 
 Emigrant tickets are on sale at all the principal eastern 
 ports to San Francisco, which are good for continuous passage 
 to that city, Sacramento, San Jose, Lathrop, or intermediate 
 points. The fare from New York to San Francisco (3,350 
 miles), for some years past, has been $65, and from Chicago, 
 St. Louis, and other interior points, proportionately less. 
 
 From each of the above-named California cities, and from 
 Los Angeles the intending purchaser can buy a Land- Seeker s 
 Ticket to points along the line of the Central Pacific Railroad, 
 in connection with which will be a non-transferable voucher, 
 which will entitle the land-buj'er to an equivalent allowance 
 of the amount paid for said ticket in his first payment for 
 lands — thus virtually furnishing to the settler transportation 
 free from the overland line to the vicinity of his land. 
 
[ to ] 
 
 CHARACTER OF THE COUNTRY THROUGH WHICH THE 
 CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILROAD PASSES. 
 
 The City of Sacramento is situated near the centre of the 
 great valley of the Sacramento. It is in latitude 38° 31' 
 north, and longitude 121° 29' west. It is the capital of the 
 State of California, and has a population of twenty-five thou- 
 sand. From this city the general course of the railroad is 
 north-east, over the river bottom and level prairie lands, a dis- 
 tance of twenty-five miles ; at this point it meets the rolling 
 timber lands and low hills that lie at the base of the Sierra 
 Nevada mountains; reaching one of the main spurs of the 
 Sierra it ascends to the Summit, a distance of one hundred 
 and five miles from Sacramento, and at an elevation of 7,042 
 feet above the sea. At the crest of the mountains it passes 
 through a tunnel and along the mountain side to the bank of 
 the Truckee River. This river is the outlet of Lake Tahoe, 
 whose surface is 6,247 feet above the sea; its waters flow 
 north-east and empty into Pyramid Lake, one of the lakes of 
 the Great American Basin, whose waters have no outlet to the 
 ocean. The road follows the banks of the Truckee River to 
 the Big Bend of the Truckee, a distance of one hundred and 
 ninety miles from Sacramento. From this point its course is 
 north-east until it meets the Humboldt River, which flows 
 westward and also empties into the Great Basin. It follows 
 up the banks of the Humboldt River to its source, and so on 
 in the same general direction around the northern end of the 
 Great Salt Lake. 
 
 ALLUVIAL OR " BOTTOM " LANDS. 
 
 From this statement of the route of the road it will be seen 
 thai the Company lias every variety of land, situated in the 
 different climates between semi-tropical and temperate. It has 
 some bottom lands — that is, lands that are overflowed by the 
 Swelling of the rivers ;ind streams in winter, and which are 
 annually enriched by the deposits brought down by the water 
 bom the mountains. Like the valley of the Nile, they pro- 
 duce yearly unvarying large crops, the deposit (lining each 
 
0. •■!» ] 
 
 rainy season causing them to be inexhaustible in their fertility. 
 They yield every variety of garden and field vegetable culti- 
 vated in a semi-tropical climate, including potatoes, onions, 
 cabbage, pumpkins, beets, tomatoes, peas, and the various small 
 fruits. Large tracts are annually planted with maize or Indian 
 corn, of which large crops are produced. Many farmers have 
 cultivated tobacco, which has always been found profitable. 
 On these lands are also grown large quantities of hops, from 
 the cultivation of which many persons have become wealthy. 
 The hops produced are not excelled by any known in the 
 markets of the world. From the fact that it never rains in 
 this climate during the season they are maturing, they lose no 
 portion of the extractive principle for which they are used, and 
 are said by brewers and others who make use of them to be 
 from ten to fifteen per cent, more valuable than those grown in 
 climates where there are summer rains. Many kinds of fruit 
 are grown on these lands, such as the pear, apple, plum, cherry, 
 and peach. The largest peach orchards of the State are situ- 
 ated on "bottom" lands. 
 
 Within the railroad grant, above the bottom lands, and less 
 than twenty miles on each side of the road, and for the length 
 of twenty miles, are the prairie lands. The land is level, 
 without trees, or with scattering and small groves of oak; it has 
 no underbrush, and with the first days of November is, with- 
 out any preparation, ready for the plow. If preserved from the 
 herds of cattle and sheep, it produces annually, without culti- 
 vation, large crops of native grasses and wild oats, which make 
 excellent hay. The exports of wheat from California within 
 the past few years have attracted the attention of the world, 
 and reached over $10,000,000 worth in 1878 and in 1879. 
 
 The greater part of these large quantities was produced in 
 the great valleys and on the prairie lands. The principal 
 sales by the railroad company have thus far been of this class 
 of its lands, over 500,000 acres having been sold. There still 
 remain unsold, of the same kind of land, quantities sufficient 
 to support a population of fifty thousand. These prairie lands, 
 in addition to producing wheat and other cereals, are perhaps 
 the best in the State for general farming and orchards. All 
 kinds of fruit that will grow in a semi-tropical or temperate 
 
[ 17 ] 
 
 climate thrive on these lands, including the almond, olive, 
 pomegranate, plum, pear, and apple, as well as many of the 
 nut-bearing trees. They are also well adapted for grazing and 
 dairy purposes. The native grasses start after the first winter 
 rains of December, and grow to June, when they dry to hay in 
 the rainless summer and remain standing upon the ground 
 until the rains of the following year. Farmers, therefore, are 
 not required to cut and save hay for their dairy cattle, except 
 for the short period between the early rains and the springing 
 up of the new grass. 
 
 GRAZING LANDS AND SHEEP RANGES. 
 
 Still going east along the line of the railroad, after leaving 
 the prairie lands, the road passes over about twenty-five miles 
 of rolling lands and low hills. These contain groves of oak 
 trees, and many tracts are heavily timbered. In the more ele- 
 vated regions of this section the oaks are intermixed with pines. 
 The land in this section not only produces wheat and barley, 
 but will, if not cultivated or too closely grazed, produce the 
 native wild oats, which were found growing upon them at the 
 time the Americans took possession of the country. Among 
 these hills are grazed large herds of cattle, horses, and sheep. 
 At a distance of twenty-five miles from Sacramento, on the line 
 of the railroad, and within a distance of fifteen miles on each 
 side, as many as seventy-five thousand sheep are grazed 
 throughout the year. No hay is cut or saved for these sheep, 
 .or. if any is given them, it is for the short period after the first 
 rains in December, before the springing up of the new grass. 
 The wild oats and native grasses are nutritious and abundant; 
 the groves of oaks afford shade from the heat of the midsum- 
 mer sun. and the numerous streams flowing through these hills 
 give a plentiful supply of water. 
 
 YINEVAKI) LANDS. 
 
 The 8UCC( Bfl that in California has followed the cultivation 
 
 pf the European grape, has led to the planting of numerous 
 
 vineyards. After an experience of twenty-five years, the fact 
 
 been demonstrated that in no place do the various kinds 
 
 European grapes, both for wine and the table, thrive so well 
 and produce such excellent qualities of wine and table fruit, as 
 on the hills that lie at the base of the Sierra. The soil is 
 
[ 18 ] 
 
 composed of the worn-down particles of granite, quartz and 
 slate, intermixed with lime from the numerous strata of lime- 
 stone that traverse the mountains. Since the European grape 
 was cultivated in this State — and there are vineyards planted 
 by the Jesuit missionaries that are ninety years old — no 
 instance has been known of a failure of the grape crop. There 
 are no frosts to injure it at the time it is in blossom, and no 
 rain to injure the fruit during the period of ripening. Some 
 of the largest vineyards in the State are on lands that have 
 been purchased from the Railroad Company; many of them 
 producing from two to ten thousand gallons of wine annually, 
 and in one instance producing yearly over forty thousand gal- 
 lons. More than two hundred varieties of the grape have been 
 imported from France, Spain, Germany and Hungary, and 
 propagated in California. Every variety that is grown in Eu- 
 rope succeeds well in this soil and climate, and bears more 
 abundantly than in its native home. 
 
 The usual manner of planting vineyards in California is to 
 plow the land thoroughly immediately after the early rains of 
 December; holes are then dug with a spade, eight feet from 
 each other, in rows; in these holes are planted cuttings, or 
 one-year-old rooted vines. Cuttings can be obtained for a 
 trifle, and often without cost, of the kind of grapes most culti- 
 vated, at any of the vineyards, during the season of pruning — 
 January and February. One-year-old rooted vines can be 
 purchased for four or five dollars per hundred. The vines are 
 planted eight feet from each other for the purpose of working 
 among them with a one-horse cultivator; and as laborers are. 
 scarce in California, this and all other branches of agriculture 
 are most economically conducted, by substituting the labor of 
 animals for that of man. If the vineyard has been planted 
 with cuttings, an average of from ten to fifteen per cent, fail 
 to take root, and these have to be replanted the following 
 year. If rooted vines are planted, not to exceed two or three 
 per cent, will fail to grow. Each year the vines have to be 
 pruned and the vineyard plowed; the vineyard should also be 
 cultivated in May or June to kill the weeds. The third year 
 the vines will commence bearing, and increase in quantity 
 each year for a great many years. It has been estimated that 
 the average annual production of all the vineyards in the 
 State, of five years old and upward, is one thousand gallons 
 of wine to the acre. The process of making wine is as simple 
 
[ 19 ] 
 
 as that of making cider. The grapes when ripe are pressed, 
 and their juice poured into clean casks, where it is left to fer- 
 ment. In 1873, as shown by the report of the Surveyor- 
 General, there were made in California, 4,202,001 gallons of 
 wine, and 277,365 gallons of brandy. This business had so 
 largely increased that the product of vineyards for the year 
 1876 reached 11,000,000 gallons of wine, valued at $3,000,000; 
 and in 1879 the product was 21,000,000 gallons of wine, valued 
 at over $6,000,000. 
 
 The continued grape' crop failures throughout Europe, and 
 the devastation of the French vineyards by the phylloxera, 
 have given great impetus to viniculture in California, and es- 
 pecially in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, 
 through which the Central Pacific Railroad takes its way. 
 There is no earthly doubt but what viniculture will pay better 
 than anything else in the line of agricultural or pastoral pur- 
 suits. It is the surest and cheapest, for after the vines are 
 started they require no water and but little cultivation. Mr. 
 L. J. Rose, one of the most extensive wine producers in the 
 State, bought up some 90 vineyards last fall (1879), paying $80 
 on an average per acre. 
 
 RAISINS. 
 
 A -considerable industry has lately been developed in Cali- 
 fornia; that is the cultivation of the raisin grape and the 
 manufacture of raisins. The process of converting the grapes 
 into raisins is so simple that it can be done by children. When 
 the grapes are ripe, the bunches are cut and spread upon 
 boards, in the sun, and turned each day until cured; after 
 which they are boxed and forwarded to market. Some vine- 
 yard ists, in addition to making large quantities of wine and 
 brandy, have each year also made thirty thousand pounds of 
 raisins. Of the unsold lands of the Railroad Company, there 
 are, at least, 75,000 acres suitable for vineyards. 
 
 VALLEY LANDS AMONG THE HILLS. 
 
 Ascending the Sierra, and above the vineyard lands, the 
 oaks give place to dense forests of pines, firs and cedars. In 
 the valleys of these bills are numerous farms and dairies, as 
 well aa sheep ranges. In these valleys, all the fruits of the 
 
[ 20 ] 
 
 temperate climates are cultivated with remarkable success. 
 The principal field crops of this region are barley, potatoes, 
 turnips and hay. 
 
 TIMBER LANDS. 
 
 The pine forests of these hills, in quantity and in the qual- 
 ity of lumber made, are hardly excelled on the North Ameri- 
 can continent. They give employment to many saw-mills 
 and a large number of men. The construction of the railroad 
 through this region has cheapened the price of lumber, and in 
 a great measure stopped its importation from other States. A 
 large feature in the business of the railroad is the transporta- 
 tion to the valleys of lumber for building and fences. The 
 average price in the valleys of lumber for fences, since the 
 completion of the railroad through the pine forests, is from 
 eighteen to twenty dollars per thousand feet. The cities, 
 towns, villages, and the mines in Nevada and Utah, along the 
 line x>f the railroad, furnish an extensive and profitable market 
 for lumber. In a few years, when branch railroads shall have 
 more completely reached the vast mineral region of the treeless 
 interior of the continent, these inexhaustible forests will sup- 
 port a large population of men engaged in felling trees and 
 manufacturing lumber. Of timber lands and valleys among 
 the hills of the timber region, there remain unsold lands, to 
 which the Company is entitled, amounting to at least five 
 hundred thousand acres. 
 
 The production of lumber in California, for the year 1876, 
 is estimated at 440,000,000 feet, valued, at the mill, at 
 $2,000,000. 
 
 DAIRY LANDS OF THE MOUNTAINS. 
 
 Among the higher ranges of the mountains are extensive 
 and numerous -valleys that produce nutritious and luxuriant 
 grasses, which are extensively grazed by large and numerous 
 herds of cattle and sheep during the summer and autumn 
 months. The amount of butter and cheese that is sent to 
 market from these valleys is yearly increasing. The quantity 
 of butter made in this State, in 1873, was 5,408,744 pounds, 
 and of cheese, 5,4 8b, 266 pounds, and in 1878, nearly double 
 that of 1873 ; and even then not nearly sufficient to supply the 
 demand, for as yet large quantities are imported. 
 
[ 21 ] 
 
 MINES AND QUARRIES. 
 
 The railroad passes through the entire length of Placer 
 County, one of the principal gold-mining counties of California. 
 Lauds containing gold and silver are not included in the grant 
 to the Company. All the lands in the mineral regions are not 
 what are denominated mineral lands. The mineral lands are 
 a very small portion of the area, even in the strictly mineral 
 regions. Lands containing coal and iron are not deemed min- 
 eral lands. Near the line of the road are extensive beds of 
 iron ore, said to be valuable, but none of which have yet been 
 worked. The granite quarries near the road are numerous, 
 and those that have been opened give employment to a large 
 number of men. Nearly all the granite now being used in the 
 State, including that used by the Government for fortifications, 
 by the State for its public buildings, and for the bulkhead in 
 the harbor of San Francisco, as well as for street and building- 
 purposes, is from quarries on lands purchased from the Company. 
 
 Lands belonging to the Company, containing limestone, with 
 an abundance of oak and pine wood on the same, are to be 
 found at various points near the line of the road, within a dis- 
 tance of forty miles from Sacramento. Many of these quarries 
 have been opened, and large quantities of lime are transported 
 by the railroad, and distributed over the State. White and 
 variegated marble, for building and ornamental purposes, have 
 been discovered at several points, and work has been com- 
 menced in opening the quarries and forwarding the product to 
 market. 
 
 ESTIMATED POPULATION THE LANDS WILL SUPPORT. 
 
 From what has been stated, it will be seen that the Rail- 
 road Company has every variety of land for sale, including 
 alluvial, bottom, prairie, grazing, wheat and vineyard lands, as 
 well as lands covered with forests of oak and pine, and con- 
 taining iron ore, granite, limestone and marble. It has been 
 estimated that the lands of the Company remaining unsold 
 will support a population of one and a half million, while the 
 estimated present population within the limits of the railroad 
 at ion does not exceed 40,000. 
 
[ 22 ] 
 
 MARKETS. 
 
 There jet remain large quantities of land to be sold, within 
 distances from Hve to ten miles from railroad stations. There 
 are also many towns and villages at various points within the 
 reservation, and at various distances from the line of the road, 
 so that a purchaser has no difficulty in finding land in the 
 immediate vicinity of schools, stores, blacksmith and wagon 
 shops. The farmer cultivating these lands has a choice among 
 three markets, in which to dispose of his productions. Ke can 
 send them to the cities and towns in his immediate neighbor- 
 hood; to the gold-mining regions of California, or to the silver- 
 bearing regions of Nevada. Wheat, barley, and various other 
 <?rops can always be sold on the land where produced to the 
 agents of millmen and shippers, who traverse the country for 
 the purpose of making purchases. 
 
 STATIONS ON THE LINE OF THE ROAD. 
 
 The following table shows the various stations on the line 
 of the road, at which the cars stop and discharge and receive 
 passengers and freight, as also the distance of these stations 
 from San Francisco, and their elevation above the sea : 
 
 Names of Stations. 
 
 San Francisco .. 
 Oakland Wharf 
 
 Oakland 
 
 Brooklyn 
 
 Melrose 
 
 San Leandro 
 
 Decoto 
 
 San Jose 
 
 Niles 
 
 Pleasanton 
 
 Liver more 
 
 Altamont 
 
 Midway 
 
 Ellis 
 
 Bantas 
 
 Total Dis- 
 tance from 
 San Fran- 
 cisco. 
 
 Elevation — 
 in Feet. 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 11 
 
 * 8 
 
 12 
 
 11 
 
 18 
 
 15 
 
 49 
 
 26 
 
 72 
 
 47 
 
 91 
 
 29 
 
 87 
 
 41 
 
 351 
 
 47 
 
 185 
 
 55 
 
 740 
 
 63 
 
 357 
 
 69 
 
 76 
 
 74 
 
 30 
 
[ 23 ] 
 
 f Names ok Stations. 
 
 Total Dis- 
 tance from 
 San Fran- 
 cisco. 
 
 Elevation — 
 in Feet. 
 
 Lathrop 
 
 81 
 
 91 
 
 103 
 
 112 
 
 123 
 
 133 
 
 138 
 
 141 
 
 145 
 
 .153 
 
 156 
 
 160 
 
 162 
 
 169 
 
 174 
 
 180 
 
 187 
 
 192 
 
 196 
 
 202 
 
 205 
 
 206 
 
 211 
 
 213 
 
 216 
 
 221 
 
 230 
 
 233 
 
 237 
 
 243 
 
 246 
 
 257 
 
 265 
 
 276 
 
 281 
 
 292 
 
 300 
 
 26 
 
 Stockton 
 
 23 
 
 Lodi 
 
 55 
 
 Gait 
 
 50 
 
 Elk Grove 
 
 53 
 
 Brighton 
 
 51 
 
 Sacramento 
 
 30 
 
 American River Bridge 
 
 hi 
 
 Arcade 
 
 55 
 
 Antelope 
 
 154 
 
 Junction , 
 
 163 
 
 Rocklin 
 
 249 
 
 Pino 
 
 403 
 
 Newcastle 
 
 970 
 
 Auburn 
 
 1 363 
 
 Clipper Gap : 
 
 1 759 
 
 New England Mills 
 
 2 289 
 
 Colfax 
 
 2,421 
 
 Cape Horn 
 
 2,692 
 3,206 
 3,403 
 3,612 
 4 154 
 
 Gold Run 
 
 Dutch Flat 
 
 Alta 
 
 Shady Run * . 
 
 China Ranch 
 
 4,411 
 
 Blue Canon 
 
 4 678 
 
 Emigrant Gap 
 
 5 230 
 
 ■■> 
 
 5,939 
 6,191 
 
 Tamarack 
 
 ide 
 
 6 520 
 
 Summit 
 
 7,017 
 
 
 6 781 
 
 
 
 o 
 
 kee 
 
 5,846 
 
 
 5 533 
 
 
 
 State Line 
 
 5,138 
 4 927 
 
 Verdi 
 
 
 4 507 
 
 i 
 
 4 404 
 
 
 
[ 24 ] 
 
 Names of Stations. 
 
 Total Dis- 
 tance from 
 San Fran- 
 cisco. * 
 
 Clark's 
 
 Wadsworth 
 
 Two-mile Station 
 
 Desert 
 
 Hot Springs 
 
 Mirage 
 
 White Plains 
 
 Brown's 
 
 Granite Point .... 
 Lovelock's ........ 
 
 Oreana , 
 
 Eye Patch 
 
 Humboldt 
 
 Mill City ,7, 
 
 Raspberry 
 
 Rose Creek 
 
 Winnemucca 
 
 Tule 
 
 Golconda 
 
 Iron Point 
 
 Stone House 
 
 Battle Mountain 
 
 Argenta 
 
 Shoshone 
 
 Be-o-wa-we 
 
 Cluro 
 
 Palisade 
 
 Carlin 
 
 Moleen 
 
 Elko 
 
 Peko 
 
 Halleck 
 
 Deeth 
 
 Tulasco , 
 
 Wells 
 
 Moore's 
 
 Independence 
 
 312 
 327 
 
 329 
 335 
 346 
 354 
 361 
 372 
 379 
 389 
 400 
 411 
 422 
 433 
 441 
 451 
 462 
 468 
 479 
 490 
 502 
 522 
 534 
 545 
 555 
 563 
 573 
 583 
 594 
 606 
 626 
 630 
 642 
 654 
 661 
 669 
 676 
 
9>5 
 
 Names ok Stations. 
 
 Total Dis- 
 tance from 
 San Fran- 
 cisco. 
 
 Elevation — 
 in Feet. 
 
 Otesro 
 
 688 
 
 689 
 698 
 
 715 
 
 724 
 734 
 747 
 
 757 
 768 
 778 
 790 
 804 
 812 
 828 
 838 
 857 
 862 
 871 
 881 
 
 6,154 
 6,184 
 
 Pequop 
 
 Toano 
 
 5,970 
 
 Montello 
 
 4,999 
 
 Tecoma 
 
 4,812 
 4,495 
 4,347 
 4,619 
 4,630 
 4,500 
 
 Lucin 
 
 Bovine 
 
 Terrace 
 
 Matlin 
 
 Ombev 
 
 
 4.222 
 
 Monument 
 
 4,223 
 
 Lake .... 
 
 Promontory 
 
 4,223 
 4,905 
 
 Blue Creek 
 
 4,600 
 4,230 
 
 Croinne 
 
 Brigham 
 
 4,220 
 
 Bonneville 
 
 4,300 
 
 Ogden 
 
 4,301 
 
 
 
[ 26 ] 
 
 SCHOOLS EDUCATION. 
 
 Every sixteenth and thirty-sixth section of land, or one- 
 eighteenth of all the land in California, was given by Congress 
 to the State to be sold, and the proceeds applied to the support 
 of public schools. Tn addition to this, Congress gave to Cali- 
 fornia five hundred thousand acres of land for purposes of inter- 
 nal improvement. The proceeds of the sales of these lands 
 are also devoted by the State Constitution to public education. 
 The interest on the money derived from the sale of these lands 
 and also an annual tax levied on all property, are annually 
 distributed to all the school districts in the State. Whenever, 
 in a neighborhood, a sufficient number of children can be gath- 
 ered to form a school, it becomes entitled to support at the 
 public expense. The public free schools of California are the 
 pride of its peoplfe, and are not excelled by those of any of the 
 new States. No child need lack ah education because of the 
 poverty of its parents; the State provides free education, and 
 establishes schools in every neighborhood. Every increase of 
 the population but adds to the demand for the State's land, 
 and thus increases the fund to be applied to the support of pub- 
 lic schools. The foregoing also applies to the State of Nevada. 
 
 CLIMATE. 
 
 The climate is similar to that of Spain, Italy and the south 
 of Europe. The greater part of California is within the limits 
 of the influence of the trade winds. There is no rain in sum- 
 mer from May until November. The period from November 
 till May is called the rainy season; for in the great valleys and 
 the lower hills, at the base of the Sierra, this season cannot be 
 called winter. In the valleys the average annual fall of rain is 
 twenty-five inches ; this gradually increases, as the slopes of 
 the mountains are ascended, to sixty inches. During the 
 twenty-two years the Sacramento valley has been inhabited by 
 Americans, snow has covered the ground but three times, and 
 this had disappeared by noon of the day on which it fell. The 
 rainless summers give every facility to the farmer in gathering 
 his crops; the hay is cut and left to cure on the ground as it 
 fell from the mowing machine; the wheat or barley is cut and 
 permitted to remain for days or weeks before it is gathered 
 
[ 27 ] 
 
 and threshed, with the certainty that there will be no rain to 
 injure it. Plowing and sowing of grain commence with the 
 first rains, in November or December, and by the first week 
 in June the crop is ripe. Grapes ripen, the earlier kinds in 
 July, the latest by the last week in October. In the valleys 
 the heat of the midsummer sun is sometimes oppressive at 
 noon, but the mornings, evenings and nights are always cool 
 and bracing. There are no prevalent diseases. In some of the 
 low lands, overflowed by the rivers, and in places where the 
 reservoirs for the supply of water to the miners are constantly 
 emptied and refilled, exposing the bottom to the sun, there 
 are, in the autumn, some forms of so-called miasmatic disease. 
 The prairie land, the rolling lands and hills, as well as the 
 mountains, and valleys among the mountains, are free from 
 any peculiar disease, and their climate is considered conducive 
 to health, especially to persons of weak lungs. 
 
 COUNTIES IX WHICH THE COMPANY OWNS LANDS AGRICULTU- 
 RAL PRODUCTIONS, ETC. 
 
 The Railroad Company has lands for sale lying in the coun- 
 ties of Sacramento, Placer, El Dorado, Sutter and Nevada, of 
 California, and in many counties in the State of Nevada. Of 
 these five counties in California, where large quantities of land 
 have already been sold by the Company, the clearest exhibit 
 of their soil and climate, and of their varied agricultural pro- 
 ductions, will be made by the following statistics, taken from 
 the sworn returns of the assessors of these counties to the 
 Surveyor-General of the State for the years 1872, 1873, and 
 1879. The particular attention of the reader is incited to the 
 increast from flu years 1872-3 to 1879. He will please make 
 aparison, and he will not only discover a great increase of 
 productions, but will become informed regarding the advan- 
 
 3 to be derived from railroad facilities and rapid commer- 
 cial intercom 
 
[ 28 ] 
 
 Acres inclosed 
 
 " cultivated 
 
 Wheat 
 
 Barley 
 
 Oats 
 
 Indian Corn 
 
 Buckwheat 
 
 Potatoes 
 
 Sweet Potatoes 
 
 Onions 
 
 Beans 
 
 Peanuts 
 
 Castor Oil Beans 
 
 Hops 
 
 Butter , 
 
 Cheese 
 
 Honey , 
 
 Wool 
 
 Sugar Beets 
 
 Hay 
 
 Horses 
 
 Mules 
 
 Oows , 
 
 Calves 
 
 Beef Cattle 
 
 Oxen 
 
 Sheep 
 
 Angora and Cashmere Goats 
 
 Hogs 
 
 Apple trees 
 
 Peach " , 
 
 Pear " 
 
 Fig " 
 
 Lemon " 
 
 Orange " , 
 
 Olive " 
 
 Walnut " 
 
 Grape vines 
 
 Wine 
 
 Brandy 
 
 Grist Mills 
 
 Buns of Stone 
 
 Flour 
 
 Indian Corn made into Meal 
 
 1872. 
 
 1873. 
 
 1879. 
 
 
 664,714 
 
 709,884 
 
 933,977 
 
 
 235,289 
 
 239,955 
 
 409,750 
 
 
 887,730 
 
 1,225,472 
 
 2,308,526 
 
 Bushels. 
 
 597,447 
 
 622,007 
 
 1,160,S41 
 
 " 
 
 23,966 
 
 57,969 
 
 31,943 
 
 
 7,883 
 
 90,268 
 
 212,004 
 
 (< 
 
 993 
 
 3,230 
 
 21,090 
 
 i i 
 
 14,914 
 
 7,089 
 
 41,432 
 
 Tons. 
 
 1.691J 
 
 3,798 
 
 3,195 
 
 " 
 
 5,970 
 
 7,399 
 
 28,493 
 
 Bushels. 
 
 12,732 
 
 18,060 
 
 71,240 
 
 <« 
 
 4,026 
 
 4,421 
 
 13,461 
 
 Pounds. 
 
 100,000 
 
 35,000 
 
 
 " 
 
 178,143 
 
 182,810 
 
 301,300 
 
 " 
 
 282,061 
 
 338,671 
 
 564,216 
 
 a 
 
 65,420 
 
 75,029 
 
 99 400 
 
 a 
 
 18,690 
 
 9,920 
 
 7,200 
 
 " 
 
 569,412 
 
 591,878 
 
 ' 616,570 
 
 " 
 
 317 
 
 12,655 
 
 19,900 
 
 Tons. 
 
 28,983 
 
 61,949 
 
 72,911 
 
 " 
 
 23,182 
 
 21,445 
 
 41,000 
 
 
 1,447 
 
 1,303 
 
 1,300 
 
 
 20,097 
 
 20,176 
 
 33,344 
 
 
 18,541 
 
 16,707 
 
 14,000 
 
 
 15,468 
 
 14,012 
 
 24,140 
 
 
 1,227 
 
 1,124 
 
 1,000 
 
 
 220,280 
 
 235,856 
 
 218,100 
 
 
 68 • 
 
 2,483 
 
 14,120 
 
 
 21,715 
 
 35,822 
 
 21,683 
 
 
 282,656 
 
 311,795 
 
 340,911 
 
 
 192,474 
 
 189,396 
 
 251,311 
 
 
 61,064 
 
 81,288 
 
 89,112 
 
 
 10,192 
 
 10,588 
 
 11,141 
 
 
 721 
 
 951 
 
 1,140 
 
 
 1,180 
 
 1,191 
 
 3,100 
 
 
 164 
 
 278 
 
 413 
 
 
 52,702 
 
 51,861 
 
 89,411 
 
 
 5,139,422 
 
 5,527,739 
 
 6,696,080 
 
 
 633,547 
 
 470,807 
 
 461,009 
 
 Gallons. 
 
 39,027 
 
 42,200 
 
 16,315 
 
 " 
 
 7 
 
 • 7 
 
 11 
 
 
 26 
 
 27 
 
 39 
 
 
 268,830 
 
 230,700 
 
 319,549 
 
 Barrels. 
 
 17,700 
 
 37,570 
 
 49,113 
 
 Bushels. 
 
 GENERAL REMARKS. 
 
 The policy of the Company is, and has always been, to sell 
 its lands at low prices and upon easy terms of payment. Its 
 directors believe its best interests are promoted by selling its 
 lands near the line of the road to men who will personally cul- 
 tivate the soil, and who will own the land they cultivate. Any 
 man coming to California, who can and will labor, may be cer- 
 tain of employment, and if he so desires, he can, with the pro- 
 
[ 20 ] 
 
 ceeds of seven months' labor, become the owner of eighty acres 
 of the finest wheat, orchard or vineyard land in the world, in 
 a climate that for salubrity has no equal; in a State where all 
 children are educated in free schools at the public expense, 
 and where slavery never had existence; among a people who 
 honor labor, and whose laws give ample protection to life and 
 property. 
 
 The information contained in the following pages regarding 
 the lands of the California and Oregon Division of the Central 
 Pacific Railroad, and the remarks concerning " Markets," 
 •• Wool," " Policy of the Company," " Applications," etc., may 
 be considered as applying also to the lands of the main line. 
 The Central Pacific Railroad Company has adopted a uniform 
 <vstem for the sale of all the lands under its control. 
 
 The Company does not give free transportation to persons 
 who wish to examine or buy, or who have bought land, except 
 by means of " Land Seekers tickets," hereinbefore described. 
 Nor after purchase does it carry their building material, furni- 
 ture, or cattle free. In this, as in other respects, the land and 
 transportation departments of the Company manage their bus- 
 iness on the cash basis, and on separate accounts. 
 
 No officer of the railroad selects land for another person, nor 
 could such selection be made without exposing the Company 
 to vexatious complaints. Everybody who intends to buy 
 should, if possible, visit and examine the land, for nobody 
 knows so well what he wants, or at least nobody can safely 
 assume the responsibility of deciding for him. 
 
 All communications in relation to the lands of the Central 
 lie Railroad Company (which include all the lands referred 
 to in tli is pamphlet situated along the Main Line from San 
 o to Ogden, and also along the California and Oregon 
 Division from Junction — on Main Line — to Redding), if 
 addressed to 15. B. Redding, Land Agent Central Pacific Rail- 
 road Company, corner of Fourth and Townsend streets, San 
 Francisco, California, will h proi npUy answered. 
 
[ so ] 
 
 LANDS OF THE CALIFORNIA AND OREGON DIVISION OF 
 THE CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILROAD. 
 
 Under the Act of Congress, approved July 25th, 1866, the 
 California and Oregon Railroad Company has a grant of lands 
 from the United States, consisting of all vacant odd-numbered 
 sections within twenty miles on each side of its road, and 
 where the odd-numbered sections have been taken by pre- 
 emption or otherwise, the Company has the right to select other 
 vacant odd-numbered sections as indemnity, within thirty miles 
 on each side of its line. This road commences at Roseville, in 
 Placer County, California, on the line of the Central Pacific 
 Railroad, and extends north, by way of Marysville, in Yuba 
 County, through Chico, in Butte County, to Red Bluff, in 
 Tehama County, and so on north, through Shasta and Siskiyou 
 Counties, to the State of Oregon. This road is now completed 
 to Redding, in Shasta County. 
 
 The route of this road is nearly parallel to the general 
 course of the Sacramento River, and its grant embraces some 
 of the finest bottom lands in the Sacramento Valley. 
 
 The grant lies in the counties of Placer, Sutter, Yolo, 
 Yuba, Butte, Colusa, Tehama, Shasta, Plumas and Siskiyou. 
 
 The lands are diversified in character, consisting of plains, 
 alluvial bottoms, rolling prairie, low hills and mountains. 
 
 The plains and rolling prairie contain large quantities of 
 rich agricultural lands, adapted to the growing of wheat and 
 other cereals, which, when properly cultivated, yield most 
 abundantly; also to the culture of grapes, apples, peaches, 
 apricots, plums, nectarines, and other fruits, which are pro- 
 duced in endless variety, of most excellent quality, and in 
 large quantities. The portions not suitable for farming pur- 
 poses are covered with wild oats, bunch grass, and a variety 
 of other grasses, affording rich and abundant pasturage. 
 
 The alluvial bottoms in the Sacramento Valley, as also in 
 the smaller valleys of the tributaries of the Sacramento River, 
 are very rich. Here is a broad scope of the best grain-growing 
 lands in this State. Almost every species of agricultural pro- 
 ductions can be raised on these lands. Here can be made, 
 
[ 31 ] 
 
 and are being made, large and prolific gardens, orchards and 
 vineyards. The pastures on the low lands for cows are rich, 
 green and succulent, giving opportunity for profitable employ- 
 ment in making cheese and butter. Swine thrive and fatten 
 on the tule roots growing on the low lands, which, furnishing 
 a cheap and nutritious food, enables the farmers to raise these 
 animals with but little expense. 
 
 The low hills furnish, also, pasturage of excellent qualit}' 
 for sheep and cattle, while for the culture of grapes and fruits 
 of almost every kind, the soil is unsurpassed. Nearly all the 
 grapes from which light and salable wines are made in Cali- 
 fornia are grown in the foot-hills. 
 
 The mountainous districts contain a heavy growth of coni- 
 ferous forests, comprising sugar and yellow pine, red spruce, 
 cedar, fir, etc.; also a heavy growth of oak timber. There are 
 many fertile and well-sheltered valleys and mountain meadows, 
 admirably suited for agricultural and grazing purposes. Most 
 of these valleys are covered with a luxuriant growth of natural 
 grasses, the adjacent mountains in very many places also af- 
 fording much pasturage. The greater part of these lands is 
 generally well watered. 
 
 WOOL. 
 
 Among these lands are some of the best sheep ranges in 
 tlic world. In 1871, the product of wool in California was 
 24,000,000 pounds. In 1872, it was about 25,000,000 pounds, 
 and in 1873, it was over 32,000,000 pounds. In 1876, it was 
 estimated at 56,000,000 pounds, and valued at $9,000,000. 
 Many persons in this State, who commenced this business in 
 absolute poverty, have in a few years grown wealthy. The 
 clitnate is peculiarly favorable to sheep. They need neither 
 shelter nor cultivated food; at least, most of them never 
 receive either. Sheep husbandry in California will always 
 pay better than in any other State in the Union, for here the 
 lit of the animals is ten per cent, greater than in the East- 
 ern States, while the fleece is twenty per cent, larger, and the 
 increase one hundred per cent, more; besides, the sheep gen- 
 erally live longer. There is no disease among them except 
 
 . and that is never fatal. If the exemption from disease, 
 the more rapid increase, the greater weight of fleece and mut- 
 ton, the saving in buildings, sheds, and in cultivated food, and 
 
[ 32 ] 
 
 the difference in the cost of the pasture land, be taken into 
 consideration, there is a large total in favor of the wool-grower 
 in California. 
 
 MARKETS. 
 
 There is always a ready market for all farm and agricul- 
 tural products at Marysville, Sacramento, San Francisco, and 
 in the towns and villages of the mining districts. 
 
 STATIONS ON THE CONSTRUCTED LINE OF THE ROAD. 
 
 Names of Stations. 
 
 Total Distance 
 
 from 
 San Francisco. 
 
 Elevation — 
 in feet. 
 
 Junction (on main 
 Lincoln 
 
 line, C. P. R. R.) 
 
 156 
 166 
 170 
 174 
 177 
 183 
 188 
 190 
 197 
 207 
 211 
 221 
 227 
 229 
 233 
 240 
 243 
 248 
 252 
 260 
 261 
 273 
 283 
 288 
 290 
 296 
 303 
 307 
 
 163 
 161 
 
 Ewens 
 
 113 
 
 Sheridan 
 
 113 
 
 Wheatland 
 
 84 
 
 Reeds 
 
 69 
 
 Yuba 
 
 68 
 
 Marysville 
 
 67 
 
 j 
 
 Lomo 
 
 71 
 
 Gridleys 
 
 97 
 
 Bikers 
 
 98 
 
 Oo - 
 
 Nelson 
 
 124 
 
 Durham 
 
 161 
 
 Roble 
 
 176 
 
 Chico 
 
 193 
 
 Nord 
 
 153 
 
 Anita 
 
 162 
 
 Soto 
 
 186 
 
 Vina 
 
 212 
 
 Sesma 
 
 240 
 
 Tehama 
 
 222 
 
 Red Bluff 
 
 307 
 
 Hooker 
 
 545 
 
 
 432 
 
 Cottonwood 
 
 421 
 
 
 432 
 
 Clear Creek Town 
 
 
 467 
 
 Redding 
 
 
 558 
 
 
 
 10 
 
[ 33 ] 
 
 STATISTICS OF PRODUCTIONS. 
 
 Butte County, in 1878, produced 2,235,000 bushels of 
 wheat, 640,000 bushels of barley, and 26,720 bushels of corn. 
 It also made 10,500 gallons of wine. Only a few years ago 
 this county was given up entirely to mining. 
 
 In 1878, Placer County produced 568,820 bushels of wheat 
 and 256,140 bushels of barley. Sutter County produced 
 2,685,350 bushels of wheat, 685,500 bushels of barley, and 
 20,453 bushels of corn; Yolo, 1,356,075 bushels of wheat and 
 52,000 bushels of barley; Yuba, 303,007 bushels of wheat and 
 180,630 bushels of barley; Colusa produced 2,590,931 bushels 
 of wheat in 1878, and nearly 3,000,000 bushels in 1879. Te- 
 hama produced 831,150 bushels of wheat in 1879, and Shasta 
 County 80,750 bushels. Up to within a year or two, or until 
 the completion of the railroad to Redding, the two latter-named 
 counties made very little pretension above cattle and sheep 
 raising. Beside these wheat lands, however, are the lands in 
 the foot-hills, aadpted to the cultivation of the grape, which, in 
 time, will be the great staple production of California, and earn 
 more money an acre than five acres of wheat (good stand) do 
 at present. 
 
 POLICY OF THE COMPANY APPLICATIONS FOR LAND AND PRIV- 
 ILEGES GAINED THEREBY. 
 
 As soon as a section of twenty miles or more of the railroad 
 is completed, equipped, and in operation, it is examined by the 
 United States Railroad Commissioners, who make a report to 
 the Government. If found to be constructed in all respects as 
 required by law, the section is accepted, and the lands listed 
 and patented. When the patent is received, the lands are 
 offered for sale. This road is now constructed to Redding, 
 which is situated 170 miles north of Sacramento, and about 
 six miles east of the town of Shasta. The road has been 
 accepted to this point, and patents for the land are being re- 
 ceived. Some of the lands, as far north as Redding, are now 
 offered for sale. Applications to purchase are received and 
 filed in the Land Office of the Company, and blanks will be 
 furnished for that purpose ; but with the understanding, how- 
 ever, that no vested right shall be conferred thereby. It is 
 merely a notice that the applicant wishes to purchase. The 
 
[ 34 ] 
 
 policy of the Company has always been, and is now, to encour- 
 age the settlement of its lands in small tracts by persons who 
 will live on and cultivate them. To this end settlers are in- 
 vited to make applications to buy, and to occupy, and put to 
 use the vacant lands until such time as they shall be ready for 
 sale. If the settler desires to buy, the Company gives him the 
 first privilege of purchase at the fixed price, which, in every 
 case, shall only be the value of the land, without regard to the 
 improvements. It must be understood that the application of 
 a speculator, or of a person who does not improve or occupy 
 the land, will not, although received first, take precedence or 
 priority of that of the settler whose application may, perhaps, 
 be filed last of all. The actual settler, in good faith, will be 
 preferred always, and the land will be sold to him as against 
 every other applicant. The Company also wish it to be known 
 that a mere application to buy land, unaccompanied by actual 
 improvement or settlement, confers no right or privilege which 
 should prevent an actual settler from taking it, if vacant, into 
 possession, and cultivating and improving it. In filling in the 
 blank application, persons are requested not to put the lands 
 in two or more townships in the same application. Use a sep- 
 arate blank for each township. 
 
 When there are two or more applicants for the same tract 
 of land, an adjudication of their respective claims will be made 
 by the Land Agent, upon due notice given to the parties, and 
 the right to buy, at the graded price, will be awarded to the 
 applicant who shall be deemed to have the most equitable 
 claim. Should the applicants, or either of them, pay no atten- 
 tion to the notice, or fail to be present, in person or by repre- 
 sentative, at the time and place mentioned in it, they shall be 
 considered to have abandoned their applications, and all right 
 or claim to purchase; and the land will then, at the option of 
 the Railroad Company, be open for purchase by any person 
 to whom the Company may choose to sell. 
 
 SETTLEMENT BEFORE PATENT. 
 
 The Company invites settlers to go on the lands before pa- 
 tents are issued or the road is completed; and intends, in such 
 cases, to sell them in preference to any other applicants, and 
 at prices based upon the value of the land without the im- 
 provements put upon it by the settlers. It makes no definite 
 
[ 35 ] 
 
 contract with any individual upon this basis, but it treats all 
 fairly. It will not sell to somebody else, merely because the 
 latter offers a higher price. It will not sell to any one land 
 that may be required by it for railroad purposes, such as places 
 for depots, stations, etc., or for town sites. Any person desir- 
 ing to settle upon vacant railroad land, after survey and before 
 it is patented, should address a letter to the Land Agent of the 
 Company, requesting a copy of a blank application for the pur- 
 chase of land. 
 
 If the settler goes upon the land before survey he should 
 describe it as nearly as possible, and so soon as the survey is 
 made send the description to the Land Agent. 
 
 An application for land confers no vested right or privilege 
 on the applicant. It is merely a notice that he wishes to buy. 
 
 The filing of an application does not carry with it the right 
 or permission to cut wood or timber from the lands of the 
 Company, except for firewood for the domestic uses of the 
 actual occupants of the tract applied for, or for fencing and 
 improving it. 
 
 Applicants, or other persons, who shall be detected in cut- 
 ing wood or timber on railroad lands, except for the purposes 
 above specified, or in selling or carrying it away, will be prose- 
 cuted with the utmost severity of the law. 
 
 CONCLUDING REMARKS. 
 
 All that has been written regarding the lands of the Central 
 Pacific Railroad (main line) and the manner of acquiring title 
 to them, as also respecting Climate, Vineyards, Schools, Edu- 
 cation, etc., and all other matters (excepting the grant to the 
 Railroad and its lands in the State of Nevada), may be taken 
 as applying generally to all the lands of this Railroad. 
 
 All communications addressed to B. B. Redding, Land 
 Agent Central Pacific Railroad Company, corner Fourth and 
 Townsend streets, San Francisco, California, will receive 
 prompt attention. 
 
[ 36 ] 
 
 LANDS IN NEVADA AND UTAH. 
 Attention is called to the 
 
 GRAZING AND "BOTTOM " LANDS IN NEVADA. 
 
 The railroad passes through the whole length of the valley 
 of the Humboldt, in the State of Nevada. On the banks of 
 the Humboldt River, and on the banks of the streams that 
 flow into this river, are extensive tracts of bottom land that 
 are successfully cultivated. The hills in this section of the 
 country are covered with " bunch " and other grasses, which 
 support large herds of cattle and sheep, and for several years 
 past the San Francisco market has been largely supplied with 
 beef and mutton fattened on the natural grasses of these hills. 
 Settlement has only just commenced on these lands, and the 
 Company has, at least, one million of acres of them yet unsold. 
 The time is not far distant when what is now termed the 
 " Humboldt desert" will blossom like the rose. What may be 
 done in that seemingly sterile region is delightfully exempli- 
 fied at the station called "Humboldt," which has been reclaimed 
 from an arid waste through the medium of a miniature stream- 
 let from a spring near by. There has been a project on foot 
 for some time to utilize the vast volume of water that yearly 
 runs to waste through the section of country through which it 
 takes its way. When this project is carried out to successful 
 realization thousands of acres of as rich and productive soil as 
 there is in California will receive the benefits of artificial irri- 
 gation, and what is now a sage brush plain will become a gar- 
 den spot. 
 
 RAILROAD LANDS IN UTAH. 
 
 In a short time the Central Pacific Railroad Company will 
 have graded, for sale or for rent, large bodies of land in the 
 Territory of Utah, most of which are very fair grazing tracts, 
 and all, or nearly all, of which are susceptible of a high order 
 of cultivation upon the introduction of water thereon. Cen- 
 tral Utah is dotted with settlements where, thirty years ago,there 
 
[ 37 ] 
 
 was only an illimitable waste of sage brush. What may be ac- 
 complished anywhere throughout our so-called Western deserts 
 and plains and prairies, through energy, industry and persever- 
 ance, may be best seen at Salt Lake City, one of the most 
 thriving agricultural settlements, and one of the most beauti- 
 ful and attractive interior cities in America. Before the arrival 
 of the Mormons, with their active hands and willing hearts, 
 the place where now stands a city of 30,000 inhabitants was 
 precisely the "howling wilderness" that now meets the eye at 
 neighboring points. 
 
 ADVICE TO EMIGRANTS. 
 
 1. Buy your tickets for passage on railroad or steamboats 
 only at the office, before starting. Many of the runners who 
 offer tickets for sale in the streets are swindlers. If you intend 
 to go in a steamer or ship, examine the vessel before getting 
 your ticket, and engage a particular berth or room in a part 
 of the vessel that is clean, weli ventilated, and just comfortably 
 warm. 
 
 2. Never show your money nor let any stranger know 
 that you have any. Thieves prefer to rob emigrants, who 
 generally carry money with them, and cannot stop to prosecute 
 them, and have no acquaintances to aid in the prosecution. 
 !)<> not mention tlie fact that you are an emigrant to persons who 
 have no business to know it. 
 
 3. Never carry any large sum of money with you. You can 
 always buy drafts at banks, and if you are going to a strange 
 place, you can give your photograph to the banker to forward 
 to your destination, so that you can be identified without 
 trouble when you want to draw your money. 
 
 4. Avoid those strangers who claim to be old acquaint- 
 ances, and whom you do not recollect. A certain class of 
 thieves claim the acquaintance of ignorant countrymen, whom 
 they want to rob. 
 
 6. Do not drink at the solicitation of strangers. The first 
 point of the thief is to intoxicate or drug his victim. 
 
 6. Do not play cards for money with strangers. In many 
 cases they confederate to rob emigrants. 
 
[ 38 ] 
 
 7. Travel in company with old friends, if possible, and do 
 not leave them. Thieves prefer to take their victims one at a 
 time. 
 
 8. If you see anybody pick up a full pocket-book, and he 
 offers it to you for a small sum; or if »you see some men play- 
 ing cards, and you are requested to bet on some point where 
 it seems certain that you must win; or if you see an auctioneer 
 selling a fine gold watch for n'we dollars, don't let them catch 
 you. Emigrants are systematically swindled by such tricks, 
 and you ivill surely be ROBBED if you join in any of the 
 above or other games. 
 
 9. If, when you arrive in a strange town, you want infor- 
 mation and advice, you can always get it by applying at the 
 right place. If you are a foreigner, you will probably find, in 
 the large cities, a consular office or a benevolent society of your 
 countrymen, and you can apply there. Usually there are 
 attentive and polite men at the police office. Public officers 
 generally in the United States are ready to assist and advise 
 strangers. 
 
 10. Never fear failure at farming on your own land, if you 
 live economically, work hard, and select your place well. It is 
 better to be very poor for a few years on your own land, than 
 to be moderately poor as a tenant for others. In selecting a 
 home, look ahead. Care more for ultimate than for immediate 
 success. Wherever there is a large district of fertile soil with 
 a good climate, you can confidently settle down. It must fill 
 up, and the land must rise in value. The fewer the people, 
 the better opportunity you have to select the most desirable 
 spots, and when more rapid immigration comes in, the greater 
 will be the relative increase of population. The agriculturist 
 from Europe or the Atlantic States must learn anew many things 
 in his line in California. 
 
 11. It would be the better thing for the intending pur- 
 chaser of land, upon his arrival in San Francisco, to call at 
 once on 
 
 B. B. REDDING, 
 Land Agent of the Central Pacific Railroad Company, 
 
 Corner of Fourth and Townsend Streets, 
 
 San Francisco, Cal. 
 
[ 39 ] 
 
 FURTHER INFORMATION. 
 
 The following are books and pamphlets giving further in- 
 formation about California, with the names of the author and 
 publisher, the place and date of publication, and the number 
 of pages: 
 
 The Resources of California, bv John S. Hittell. Seventh 
 edition. San Francisco, 1879, p. 450. A. L. Bancroft & Co., 
 San Francisco, Cal., price, including postage, $1.50. 
 
 The Resources of California, San Francisco. A monthly 
 paper. Terms, $2 per annum. John P. H. Wentworth, pub- 
 lisher and proprietor. Will be sent to any address on receipt 
 of amount of subscription. 
 
 " California As It Is!" by special correspondents of the 
 " Weekly Call," San Francisco, being correct and impartial 
 descriptions of all the counties in California by leading editors, 
 practical farmers and others, in each county — 1880: San Fran- 
 cisco Call Company, p. 175. 
 
 ( alifornia for Travelers and Settlers, by C. Nordhoff. New 
 York, 1872: Harper & Brothers, p. 250. 
 
 Stockton and San Joaquin Basin, by N. M. Orr. Stockton, 
 1874: Stockton Board of Trade, p. 55. 
 
 nta Clara Valley. San Jose, 1875: San Jose Board of 
 Trade, p. 32. 
 
 Los Angeles City and County, by A. T. Hawley. Los An- 
 geles, 1876: Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce, p. 44. 
 
 Angeles County. Los Angeles, 1876: Herald Publish- 
 ing Company, p. 60. 
 
 Anaheim and Vicinity, by W. R. Olden: Anaheim, 1874, 
 p. 50. 
 

 [ 4 <> ] 
 
 Handbook of Monterey. Monterey, 1875: Walton & Cur- 
 tis, p. 130. 
 
 Guide to San Jose. San Jose, 1875: G. H. Hare, p. 85. 
 
 Kern County, by Julius Chester. Bakersfield, 1876. 
 
 San Diego, 1874 : San Diego Board of Trade. 
 
 The pamphlets of the Boards of Trade of Stockton, San 
 Jose, San Diego, and Los Angeles, were issued for gratuitous 
 distribution, and if the editions are not exhausted, can be ob- 
 tained without charge on application to the publishers, or to 
 the Boards of Trade of those cities. 
 
 Address of Land Agent. — Applications for the purchase of 
 land belonging to the Company should be made to 
 
 B. B. BEDDING, 
 
 Land Agent of the Central Pacific Railroad Company \ 
 
 Corner of Fourth and Townsend Streets, 
 
 San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Note. — After you have read this pamphlet, if you do not 
 want to preserve it for future reference, give it or send it to 
 some friend; the postage on it is only 3 cents to any part of 
 the United States or Europe.