Ex Libris 
 C. K. OGDEN 
 
 ,* OR C1LIP. LIBRARY, LOS

 
 A 
 
 DICTIONARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 fi.tUi of 
 
 WITH 
 
 THE PRACTICE 
 
 FROM 
 The Issuing of the Writ to the final Decision of the Honorable House .- 
 
 COMPRISING 
 
 ALL THE CASES DECIDED, WITH CORRECT REFERENCES 
 
 TO THE 
 
 $tatute* antr Authorities ; 
 
 EXTRACTED FROM 
 
 The Journals of the House of Commons, the Law Reports, and 
 the numerous Treatises on Election Laws ; 
 
 WITH AN 
 
 APPENDIX 
 
 Containing the Names of all the Boroughs, when they first 
 
 returned Members their returning Officers The various 
 
 Rights of voting therein, &c. 
 
 THE WHOLE ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED & CAREFULLY DIGESTED 
 
 BY A PROFESSIONAL GENTLEMAN, 
 
 Many Years engaged in contested County and Borough Elections. 
 
 LONDON : 
 PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY 
 
 WILLIAM NEELY, 'CHANGE ALLEY. 
 1826.
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 Tlie Author having by experience found, that during the hurry 
 and confusion necessarily attendant upon the Poll at a contested 
 Election, it is totally impossible to refer to the Acts of 
 Parliament, the Reports of Cases on Election Law, the Jour- 
 nals of the House, or the many able Treatises on the Law and 
 Practice of Elections; and the Index to each of them being very 
 defective and the matter most diffuse, he trusts that this publica- 
 tion will not be found unacceptable as a Digest, or even if 
 considered as an Index only to the Law Authorities. 
 
 From its arrangement as a Dictionary, and the distinct 
 references made to each case, any point may be instantly decided 
 and reference made -to the original, thereby avoiding hours of 
 painful and frequently of fruitless research. 
 
 In the next year he purposes to publish an Edition with the 
 Practice in Ireland and Scotland, and the Decisions of the 
 Committee on the controverted Cases generally. 
 
 London, 25th May, 1826. 
 
 1091334
 
 ABBREVIATIONS 
 
 NAMES OF AUTHORITIES TO CASES. 
 
 Bur. R. or Bnr. Rtp Burrows' Reports, Kings Bench. 
 
 Brady Brady on Elections. 
 
 Black Blackstone's Commentaries. 
 
 Corb. Dan Corbett and Daniels' Election Reports. 
 
 Camp, or Campbell Campbell's Nisi Prius Reports. 
 
 Com. Dig Comyn's Digest. 
 
 Co. Lit Coke upon Littleton. 
 
 Doug Douglas's Reports of Election Cases . 
 
 Fra. or Pros Eraser's Election Cases. 
 
 Glanv Glanville's Reports. 
 
 Heyw. or H. C. Heywood on County Elections. 
 
 H. B, Heywood on Boroughs. 
 
 Hats, or Hatz. Hatsell's Precedents. 
 
 Journ Journals of the House of Commons. 
 
 Irut Coke's Institutes. 
 
 Lud Loder's Reports of Election Cases. 
 
 L. D Last Determination of the House of 
 
 Commons. 
 
 Male Male's Law and Practice of Elections. 
 
 Pec*. . . . . * Peckwell's Reports of Election Cases. 
 
 Phil. Con. Gates, or Phil. . Philip's Controverted Election Cases. 
 
 Sim Simeon's Treatise on Election. 
 
 S. or St Statute. 
 
 SJteph Shepherd on Elections. 
 
 Strange Strange's Reports.
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 An Alphabetical List of all the Counties or Shires in 
 England, Scotland, and Wales, and the Cities and Towns of 
 Cities, and Boroughs and Towns in England and Wales, 
 entitled to return Members to serve in Parliament, theElec- 
 tors, the Returning Officer, and the Right of Voting, with 
 the Last Determination of the House. 
 
 NOTE. The Figures affixed, previous to the name of the place, 
 denote the number of Members which that place sends. The 
 Dates of the Reign afterwards, shew the time when that place 
 was first represented with the Page of the Journals of the 
 House of Commons respecting such place. 
 
 As the Mayor is generally the Returning Officer, that name is 
 not repeated but where he is not so, then the name of the Returning 
 Officer is expressed. 
 
 " C. T." Signifies Corporation Town. 
 
 " P. B." Ancient Borough by Prescription. 
 
 " R. O." Returning Officer. 
 
 " L. D." The Last Determination of the 
 
 House of Commons , which is the Law as to 
 
 that particular place, and 
 The Date is that of the last Determination.
 
 A NEW 
 POCKET DICTIONARY 
 
 OF THE LAW AND PRACTICE OF 
 
 ELECTIONS. 
 
 AB1NGDON (Berks.) Electors the inhabitants paying- 
 scot and lot, and not receiving- alms. 
 
 ABJURATION and Allegiance, Oaths of.Ey Stat. 6 
 Ann. c. 23 and 13, or vote bad. Candidate, Elec- 
 tors, or other person present, must also take it, if re- 
 quired, fibitLj If electors refuse to take the oaths, 
 their vote is bad. 
 
 ABSENCE ABROAD from England of the member when 
 elected is no objection. (Simeon 51.) But see East 
 Indies. 
 
 ACCEPTANCE OF ANY OFFICE of profit from the crown 
 by a member vacates his seat. 
 
 ACTION AT LAW lies against a returning officer for im- 
 properly and maliciously rejecting a vote. (Cullen v. 
 Morris. Male ccxv.) 
 
 ACTIONS on the bribery act must be brought in two 
 years after the offence is committed. 
 
 ADJOURNMENT OF POLL without strong cause, illegal; 
 except for a short time after the close to cast up the 
 votes. 
 
 ADMINISTRATOR. Not occupying the premises himself 
 cannot vote. (Corb. Dan. 225.) 
 
 ADMIRALTY. The secretary is not disqualified to sit, 
 though the clerks and deputies of the commissioner* 
 a-e. B
 
 2 AD AL 
 
 ADMISSION TO COPYHOLD. (See Court Rolls.) No 
 person except the voter can leg-ally produce and give 
 evidence of the voter's admission. (2 Peck. 124.) 
 ADMISSION OF FREEMEN. (See Freemen.} 
 ADVOWSON. Confers no right of voting. I Heyw. 62. 
 AGENTS. 1. There is great difficulty in committees of the 
 house in proving the agency. Proof that A. was the 
 steward of Lord F. on whose interest the petitioner 
 stood, that A. and the petitioner resided in the same 
 house during the election, and that they canvassed the 
 town together, held insufficient to prove agency. (1 
 Lud. 89. Corb. Dan. 62. 3 Douglas 263. Male 353.) 
 
 2. Yet where a man was agent for all lawful pur- 
 purposes, and gave general directions that the orders 
 of a sub-agent should be complied with, these orders of 
 the sub-agent as to an unlawful purpose, viz. treating 
 the voters, were held to affect the principal. (2 Peck. 
 31.) 
 
 3. Where an attorney had canvassed with the can- 
 didate, and appeared as agent and paid the bill at the 
 opening a tavern for the voters, the committee consi- 
 dered him an agent, and received evidence of what he 
 said when he so paid the bill. (2 Peck. 194.) 
 
 4. Agents not permitted to prove contents of deeds 
 
 which they inspected as agents. (Gloster 25.) 
 
 ...... 5. Authority to pay subsistence money for non-resi- 
 dent voters not sufficient proof of general agency. (2 
 Peck. 185.) See Bribery 6. Attorney. Principal 
 and Agent. Freemen. 
 
 AGREEMENT or CANDIDATES. See Candidate. 
 
 AGREEMENT to give. See Bribery 9. 
 
 ALBANS, ST. Electors mayor, aldermen and freemen, 
 and such householders as pav scot and lot. 
 
 ALDBOROUGH. Electors bailiff, and inhabitants pay- 
 ing scot and lot. 
 
 ALE DUTIES. Persons concerned in the collection not to 
 be members. 
 
 ALIENS. 1. Cannot vote or be elected (4 Inst. 47.) but it 
 they are made a denizen or naturalized they may vote. 
 
 2. Cannot vote except he can skow an act of par- 
 liament for, or letters of naturalization, or letters pa- 
 tent to make him a British subject, termed a denizen,
 
 AL AN 
 
 but these grants do not entitle him to become a mem- 
 ber. (Peck. 117. Shepherd and Male. 1 Black. 374. 
 12 and 13 W. III. c. 2. H. C. 159.) 
 
 ALLEGIANCE (or Supremacy.) Abjuration. Oaths of 
 must be taken by the voter, if required, at the poll, 
 or vote bad. See Oaths. 
 
 ALMS. 1. Whether a freeholder continuing in possession of 
 his freehold but receiving alms within the year is or is 
 not thereby disqualified, is not settled, Committees 
 having- decided both ways. 2 Doug-las 126. Phil. 161. 
 H. C. 263. 2 Lud. 165. (Male 165290.) Sim. 102. 
 
 2. Freeholder and burgage tenant receiving alms 
 
 no disqualification. 2 Lud. 563 567. H. C. 268. 
 
 3. When the right of voting- occurs after the receipt 
 
 of relief, previous relief within the year will not affect 
 it, as in the case of a pauper marrying a person having 
 a freehold. (See Marriage.^ 
 
 4. The revenue of certain specified funds which have 
 
 been established or bequeathed for assisting the poor, 
 distinguished as charities, is no disqualification. Male 
 292. See Relief. Charity. Freemen. Burgage 
 Tenures 8. 
 
 AMBASSADOR. Acceptance of this official dignity by 
 a member does not vacate his seat. 
 
 ANCIENT DEMESNE. 1. Tenants in. It is doubtful if they 
 have votes. See " Customary Tenants," also Autho- 
 rities, Male (283.) (Shepherd 6.) The better opinion 
 is that they cannot vote, as they hold by copy of 
 court roll, are within 31 Geo. III. c. 14. " No person 
 holding by copy of court roll shall vote." See also H. 
 C. 38. 
 
 2. Lands holden of a manor not at the will of the 
 
 lord but according to the custom of the manor are 
 customary freeholds, and not copyholds, and may vote. 
 Carth. 432. H. C. 2d ed. 78. et seg. 
 
 ANNUAL VALUE. 1. The 40*. must be estimated by the 
 rent a tenant would give, and not by what the occu- 
 pier occupying the land himself might possibly derive 
 from it. (2 Lud. 450. 2 Peck. 104.) 
 
 2. The actual value is the only criterion. If the 
 
 freehold is assessed below 40s. that is no proof of clis~ 
 B 2
 
 4 AN AP 
 
 qualification, nor can it be proved by other documents 
 but by oath of the tenant only. (Male.) 
 ANNUITANT for life of 40s. out of freehold lands may 
 
 vote. (2 Salk. 536.) 
 
 ANNUITY. 1. The devisee of an estate charged with an 
 annuity had agreed by parol to give up the estate in 
 satisfaction of the annuity, and though he had even 
 put the annuitant in possession, held that the annui- 
 tant only had a right to vote. (2 Lud. 440.) 
 
 OR RENT CHARGE. 2. Granted before 1 June, 
 
 1763, no vote, unless a certificate thereof entered with 
 the clerk of the peace twelvemonths before the first 
 day of the election. (3 Geo. III. c. 24. Male 163.) 
 
 3. Annuities annexed to offices as in lieu of tythes. 
 
 Certificate need not be entered. (Gloster 41.) See 
 Male. 
 
 4. Parties voting- as by descent, devise, marriage, 
 
 &c. within the year, a certificate on oath must be en- 
 tered. Ibid. 
 
 5. Must either be registered with the clerk of the 
 
 peace, or assessed to the land-tax. 
 
 ...... 6. No assignee of an annuity shall vote, unless a 
 
 memorial of the assignment be registered 12 months. 
 (3 Geo. III. c. 24. Male 257-8-9.) 
 
 ........ GRANTED BY WILL 7. But not registered or 
 
 assessed is no vote, although the estate on which it was 
 charged was assessed. (H. C. 2 Ed. 236.) But the 
 annuity itself must be also registered or assessed. 
 (2 Peck. 85.) but a parson's salary in right of great 
 tythes, being an office, need not. (Gloster 58,) 
 
 RENT CHARGE OR FEE FARM RENT. 8. Are 
 
 exempted from assessment to the land-tax, if duly re- 
 gistered. (20 G. III. c. 17.) 
 
 9. In lieu of tythes need not be registered. H. C. 
 155. 
 
 REGISTERING. (See Land-Tax.} 10. No per- 
 son shall vote for any annuity or rent charge, unless 
 registered with clerk of the peace 12 months before the 
 election. (3 G. III. c. 24.) 
 
 APPRENTICES. Cannot be pot wallers, and thereby 
 vote. (1 Doug. 371.)
 
 AR BA 5 
 
 ARMY AND NAVY OFFICERS. Not disqualified by the 
 stat. 6 Ann. c. 7. by receiving 1 new commissions or pre- 
 ferment, as members they do not vacate their seats 
 thereby. 42 Geo. III. c. 90. 
 
 ARREST. Members of parliament privileged. 6 Ann. c. 7. 
 
 ASSESSOR TO THE SHERIFF. Is appointed by the She- 
 riff, and the candidates are liable to pay the expenses 
 thereof. See Expenses of Election. 
 
 ATTEMPT to bribe is bribery. See Bribery 25. 
 
 ATTORNEY GENERAL. Formerly could not sit in the 
 house. Hale Parl. 141. but now may. (1 Doug. 54.) 
 
 ATTORNEY OR SOLICITOR. 1. A person confidentially 
 employed by a freeholder to draw a deed, not permitted 
 to be examined as to the contents, on a refusal by his 
 client to produce the deed. (2 Peck. 132.) 
 
 t ..... 2. But he is compelled to disclose acts done by him 
 not necessarily within his professional duty, such as 
 going to the banker's for tickets to be disposed of to 
 voters. (1 Peck. 209.) See Counsel. Agent. Prin- 
 cipal. Confidential Communications. 
 
 AUTHORITY to receive rents gives no right to vote. 
 (Gloster 183-4.) If a man divests himself of all con- 
 trol over his rents, his vote is bad. (Lud. 422.) 
 
 B3
 
 BA BO 
 
 B. 
 
 BAGGAGE MASTER of the Forces in Scotland meligiblQ 
 to sit as member. (1 Lud. 455.) 
 
 BAILIFF. Succeeding to the freehold a* bailiff within 12 
 months, vote good. (2 Lud. 541.) See' Mayor or 
 Bailiff. 
 
 BALLOT ON ELECTION PETITION. There must be 
 one hundred members present in the house, who name 
 by ballot 49, which are reduced to 13, each party 
 striking off one alternately. 
 
 BANKERS. Must produce before a committee all drafts 
 in their possession for payment of money, and their 
 books for inspection of particular items only, or suffi- 
 cient extracts from the books, to be specified by the 
 party requiring them. (3 Lud. 448.) 
 
 BANKRUPT. 1. A member becoming so, is incapable of 
 sitting and voting for one year, unless the commission 
 is superseded, or the creditors paid the full amount of 
 their debts, and upon a certificate from the commis- 
 sioners of bankrupt to the Speaker, the seat of such 
 member is vacated. (52 G. 3. c. 144.) 
 
 2. But he must be a member at the time of his bank- 
 ruptcy, or this act will not apply. (Roe 226.) 
 
 BENEFICE OR OFFICE. A person becoming entitled by 
 descent, marriage settlement, devise, or promotion 
 hereto, within 12 months before election, may vote, 
 provided the benefice or office has been withintvto years 
 previous assessed to the, land-tax in the name of his 
 predecessor. 
 
 " Benefice" assessed thus. See Schoolmaster. 
 
 BISHOP'S LICENSE. See Clergyman 5. 
 
 BLANKS. 1. In Description of Estate. (See Exiaenter 
 ofC. P. 
 
 2. In the Poll Book in the column of occupiers, com- 
 mittee decided it was fatal, though the poll-clerk might 
 have omitted it. (Male.) 
 
 BLIND PERSONS may sit in parliament. (Male.) 
 
 BONDS, &c. 1. To procure any return of any member to 
 parliament void, and the maker liable to a penalty of 
 300?. (3 Lud. 448.)
 
 BONDS, &c. continued. 
 
 2. To re-convey lands given as a qualification void. 
 
 BOOKS. Not sufficient evidence to impeach a freeholder's 
 title. See Lincoln's Inn Society. 
 
 BOOTH. Vote in wrong booth. See Voter. 
 
 BOROUGHS, PURCHASING OF, by stat. 49 G. 3. 
 c. 118, it is made highly penal to enter into any pecu- 
 niary engagement for procuring the return of a mem- 
 ber to parliament. 
 
 BOROUGH OR TOWN C Election for) 1. The re- 
 turning officer receives a precept from the sheriff. 
 Male 193. 
 
 2. Bribery act must be read before commencement, 
 
 and oaths taken as in counties. 
 
 3. Time of Election. See Day of Election. 
 
 4. Candidate must have freehold, copyhold, or life 
 
 estate of 300/. per ann. in England, Wales, or Berwick. 
 Durham Act must be read. See Durham Act. 
 
 BOROUGH OR TOWN. 5. Poll; no statute requires it 
 to be in writing, though 7 & 8 W. 3. requires copies 
 to be given. 
 
 6. Poll Clerks, Check Clerks, 8$c. The expenses 
 
 hereof cannot be charged the candidates. 
 
 7. Election need not commence at a particular hour. 
 
 (Male 178.) 
 
 8. If freeholders vote, conveyance at any time 
 
 before the election is good. (See Possession.} 
 
 9. Election must be at the most usual place for the 
 
 last forty years, 19 Geo. 2, c. 28. 
 
 10. Land Tax need only be assessed ix months. 
 
 11. Returning Officer must not only be in posses- 
 sion of his office de facto, but entitled de jure. 
 
 12. Booths only required for elections of knights 
 
 of the shire, 18 Geo. 2. 
 
 13. General Rights of voting for. 
 
 1st, Right by tenure, as burgage tenements. 
 2d, Right by charter, which includes all cases of 
 
 corporate bodies. 
 
 3d, Rights popular, comprehends all classes, in- 
 cluding freeholders of towns. 
 
 14. Qualification. Member's landed estate 300?. 
 
 per ann. Oath to be taken when required by a can- 
 didate or elector. See Inhabitants-' Scrutiny.
 
 8 BG BR 
 
 BOROUGH OR TOWN continued. 
 
 15. The precept and mayor's returu must be re- 
 turned to the sheriff six. days before the return of the 
 writ. See Precept. (Custan.) 
 ...... 16. If precept be illegal, the election is void, and 
 
 votes given before precept read are of no force. 
 23 H. 6, c. 14. Glanv. 12, 20. 
 
 17. So also if the election takes place before the 
 
 receipt of precept or without any (Roe 402.) it is 
 void, 23 Hen. 6. 4Inst. 49. Glanv. 12. 25. Sim. 151. 
 
 18. Cinque Ports included herein. Glanv. 107. 
 
 19. Electors Rights, 1st by tenure, 2d by charter, 
 
 and 3d popular right. 
 BOUNDARY of Estate disputed. See I^tnd-Taz as to 
 
 description, 28. 
 
 BRIBERY. 1. Persons convicted thereof (by 2 G. 2. c. 24.) 
 either by judgment inaction of debt for the penalty, or 
 by information (Douglas 294.) or otherwise " lawfully 
 convicted," disqualifies them for ecer from voting ; but 
 query if the record of the judgment must not be pro- 
 duced. (See Voters.} 
 
 2. When a committee report persons to be guilty 
 
 of Bribery, an act has been passed for their disfran- 
 chisement by name. Male. 
 
 3. Notice given at the election, that the candidate 
 
 had been declared guilty of bribery at a former elec- 
 tion. The candidate was returned nevertheless; but 
 the House set it aside and seated the other candidate. 
 (See Wager.} " Travelling Expenses" Freemen 
 and Treating. 
 
 4. Was always an offence at common law. 
 
 ...... 5. So soon as the House of Commons thought a seat 
 
 of sufficient value they enacted the Bribery Acts. See 
 Money distributed. 
 ...... 6. By a candidate, or other person, his agent, avoids 
 
 the election (2 Doug. 389. 414.) and prevents him or 
 them from being elected the second time. (Corb. Dan. 
 249.) and if proof of bribery has been declared by a 
 committee, even of a petition alleging bribery and no- 
 thing else, election void. (Lud. 72.) or by a court of 
 competent jurisdiction, and notice given to the electors 
 during the second election, the unsuccessful candidate 
 will be seated, (1 Lud. 72. Corb. Dan. 59, 60.) but
 
 BR 9 
 
 BRIBERY continued. 
 
 7. If the unsuccessful candidate has also been guilty 
 
 of Bribery, neither can stand for the second election. 
 
 8. Penalty for any persons taking money or a re- 
 ward for their vote, 500?. (2 Geo. 2. c. 24.) 
 
 .... 9. By 2 Geo. II. c. 24. Where " any person claim- 
 ing a right to vote at any election shall ask, receive, 
 or take any money or other reward by way of gift, 
 loan, or other device, or agree or contract for any 
 money, gift, office, employment or other reward what- 
 ever, to give his vote, or to refuse or forbear to give his 
 vote, or if any person by himself, or any person em- 
 ployed by him, shall, by any gift or reward, or by any 
 promise, agreement, or security for any gift or reward, 
 corrupt or procure any person or persons to give his 
 or their vote or votes." Penalty 5007. and vote roid. 
 
 10. By such act bot/i parties are guilty flf the 
 
 crime. 
 
 11. " Money's worth" not considered formerly as 
 
 money ; this evasion practised shortly after the Revo- 
 lution. 
 
 12. "If any person hereafter to be elected a mem- 
 ber, should after the teste of the writ, at his own charge 
 before his election, give money, meat, drink, entertain- 
 ment, or provision or make any promise, agreement, 
 obligation or engagement, &c. they shall not sit in 
 Parliament, and .shall be deemed and taken no mem- 
 bers thereof, but shall be treated as if they had never 
 been returned. (2 Geo. 2.) 
 
 13. Electors receiving bribes 500 penalty. See 
 
 also Mr. Curwen's Act, (49 Geo. III. c. 118.) 
 
 14. Any person committing bribery at a previous 
 
 election, whether a candidate or not, is disqualified for 
 the next vacancy. (Corb. Dan. 249.) 
 
 . .... 15. If brought home against the candidate or his 
 agent in one instance only, and though a majority of 
 unbribed votes remain, the election is void. 
 
 16. Legal expenses no bribery. Male. 
 
 17. Money given after an election, unless it can 
 
 be coupled with an act done or promise made before, is 
 not bribery. (Male.) But see Lord John Russell's 
 resolutions afterwards.
 
 10 BR 
 
 BRIBERY continued. 
 
 18. Every vote purchased by bribery is void. (2 
 
 Doug. 403.) 
 
 t 19. If a voter is not " convicted" he can vote at 
 
 the second election. (2 Doug. 403. 1 Peck. 305. 2 
 Peck. 245.) 
 
 20. Travelling Expenses (if reasonable) of a dis- 
 tant voter, no bribery. (3 Doug. 258. Lud. 36. 41 
 48 61. 3 Lud. Sim. 199. Peck 91.) but in the Ber- 
 wick case, the voters having in addition to their travel* 
 ling expenses been paid 81. each as subsistence money, 
 election void. (1. Peck. 401. 7 W. III. c. 4.) Money 
 given to purchase freedom, election void ; but paying 
 the fees thereof by agent legal. 1 Doug. 243. Sim. 163. 
 
 , 21. So in Boston, where the London electors were 
 
 paid five auineas each for travelling expenses ; elec- 
 tion void. (1 Peck. 434.) 
 
 22. " Loss of time" a sum of money paid the 
 
 Durham electors as such, declared election void. 2 
 Peck. 176. 
 
 23. Money paid for " Entertainments" " Loss 
 
 of time" or " Travelling expenses." Lord Mansfield 
 declared in the House of Lords that no further acts of 
 parliament were necessary to prevent Bribery; " Shew 
 me the offence and, I will find the law," said he. 
 (Cliff. 187.) 
 
 24. Victuals given, though not extravagant, vote 
 
 void. (2 Peck. 31) See the Southwark Case, Re 
 Thelluson. 
 
 25. The attempt to bribe is the crime. (Lord 
 
 Mansfield.) It is complete on the person offering the 
 bribe. (Male.) 
 
 26. Money given to prevent a person voting, who 
 
 nevertheless did vote, or voted for the opponent ; the 
 crime is complete, (ibid.} 
 
 27. Though a voter has received a bribe he may 
 
 petition against the return. (1 Peck. 289.) 
 
 28. Petition on the ground of bribery must state 
 
 by whom by name committed. (4 Doug. 53.) 
 
 29. Actions to be brought in two years. 
 
 30. Entertainment after election not illegal. (1 
 
 Peck. 494.)
 
 BR 11 
 
 BRIBERY continued 
 
 LORD J. RUSSELL'S RESOLUTIONS carried by the 
 
 Speaker's casting vote, 27th May, 1826. " That 
 whenever a petition shall be presented to this House, 
 after the expiration of the time allowed for the pre- 
 senting- petitions against the validity of the return of 
 any member, by any person or persons affirming, that 
 at any time within eighteen calendar months pre- 
 vious to presenting such petition, general bribery or 
 corruption has been practised for the purpose of pro- 
 curing the election or return of any member, &c. ; and 
 it shall appear to the said House, that such petition con- 
 tains allegations sufficiently specific to require further 
 investigation, a day and hour shall be appointed by 
 the said House for taking the said petition into con- 
 sideration, and notice of such day and hour shall be 
 inserted, by order of the Speaker, in one of the two 
 next London Gazettes, and shall also be sent by him 
 to the returning officer of the Borough, Cinque Port, &c. 
 to which such petition shall relate ; and a true copy 
 of such notice shall by such returning officer be affixed 
 to the door of the Town Hall or parish Church 
 nearest to the place where the election of members, &c. 
 has been usually held. 
 
 2. " That at the hour appointed by the said House for 
 
 taking such petition into consideration, the said House 
 shall proceed to appoint a select committee to inquire 
 into the truth of the matters contained in said peti- 
 tion, and report the result of their inquiry to the said 
 House, and such select committee shall consist of 13 
 members to be chosen by lot, according to the direc- 
 tions, provisions, rules, and regulations, and subject to 
 the exemptions, for choosing 49 members by lot, con- 
 tained in the various acts to regulate the trials of con- 
 troverted elections, or returns, &c. so far as they are 
 applicable thereto, and of two other members to be 
 appointed by the said House, out of the members then 
 present in the said House, and the 13 members so 
 chosen by lot, together with the two members so to be 
 appointed by the said House, shall be a select com- 
 mittee, and" shall inquire into and try the matter of 
 such petition, and shall report their opinion thereof,
 
 12 BR BU 
 
 BRIBERY continued. 
 
 tog-ether with the evidence given before them to the 
 said House. For and against the motion 62. 
 Speaker for. Carried. 
 
 On this debate it was stated in the House, and the 
 statement was called upon to be denied, (but it was not) 
 that " money given after an election, even without 
 any previous promise, is within the Bribery Act ; and 
 is therefore bribery." 
 
 BRIBERY OATH, must be taken before returning officer 
 only. (42 G. III. c. 62, and 74.) See Returning Officer. 
 
 BURG AGE TENANTS. 1. Must produce title deeds Ibefore 
 they can vote, (H. B. 301.) and prove distinctly, as in 
 case of an ejectment. fib.J 
 
 2. Need not take the freeholder's oath. fib. J 
 
 3. May vote, though possessed only the day before 
 
 the election. (Lud. 113. 37 Journ. 608. 38 Journ. 17. 
 18 Geo. II. c. 18.) See last Determination. 
 
 8. Receiving alms, no disqualification. (2 Lud. 
 
 563567.) 
 
 BURG AGE TENEMENTS. See Title Deeds, Burgage 
 Tenants and Tenures. 
 
 BURGAGE TENURES. 1. Are in ancient boroughs,of which 
 the king is lord, and hold their tenements of the king, 
 paying a certain rent. It is tenure in socage, The 
 rent must be distinctly reserved. (Male.) 
 
 2. The annual value is immaterial, (ib. ) 
 
 3. A burgage tenement must be entire and un- 
 divided, as it existed before the time of legal memory. 
 (2 Heywood 412.) and if it is divided, the vote is sus- 
 pended until one owner possesses the whole of the 
 shares. (1 Lud. 230.) 
 
 4. But must exist before the time of legal memory. 
 
 (2Fras. 151.) 
 
 ...... 5. " Half burgesses," and quarter burgesses, so 
 
 called, may vote, This tenure applies to lands as well 
 as houses. (Male.) 
 
 6. These persons paying rent generally cannot 
 
 legally apportion it among themselves without consent 
 of his Majesty, as lord of the fee. (ib.} 
 
 ...... 7. The voter must be legally possessed, but an ad-
 
 BU 13 
 
 BURGAGE TENURES continued. 
 
 verse possession for 20 years is sufficient. 2 Heyvv. 
 307.) 
 
 8. The Committee inquire, (2 Heyw. 293.) 1, The 
 
 name of the burg-age. 2, The contents, for if any part 
 of an aggregate specification were afterwards omitted, 
 the vote is bad. 3, The boundaries. 4, The rent. 5. 
 Situation of the streets. 
 
 9. Equitable titles herein as trustees, &c. may 
 
 vote. (Male.) 
 
 10. The rig-ht to vote is incident to the freehold in- 
 terest of every burg-age, which rig-ht may be suspended, 
 but cannot be extinguished, fib. } 
 
 11. Are not within the Durham Act, or the Split- 
 ting- Act. (Heyw. Lud. 169. 198.) 
 
 12. Must not be split within time of memory. (2 
 
 Fras. passim.} 
 
 13. They are also exempted from the Durham Act. 
 
 14. Thoug-h the tenements are destroyed, the rig-fat 
 
 is not lost so long- as evidence of its former existence 
 remains. (3 Lud. 210.) 
 
 15. Occasionally no objection. (1 Peck. 313.) 
 
 16. Held of manors, no votes. (Male 298.) 
 
 BURGESS may vote, thoug-h a Freeman cannot, if not ad- 
 mitted 12 months. ( 1 Peck. 400.) 
 
 BURGESSES. See Freemen.
 
 14 CA 
 
 c. 
 
 CALICOS, commissioners appointed for the collection of 
 the duties on, not to meddle at elections. 
 
 CANDIDATE DISQUALIFICATIONS. 1. Must be of age, 
 21, and must not be an alien, denizen, or naturalised 
 alien, persons attainted of treason or felsny, outlaws 
 in criminal proceedings only, idiots, and lunatics, (the 
 seat of a member becoming lunatic is vacated,) minors, 
 clergymen, Papists, peers, Scotch peers, Irish peers, 
 for places in Ireland the eldest sons of Scotch peers, 
 .for places in Scotland the twelve judges of England 
 Scotch judges and barons of the Scotch Exchequer ; 
 returning officers for their own jurisdictions sheriffs 
 for their own county, or any borough within it, but 
 towns being a county of itself excepted persons 
 holding any office under the crown, which office has 
 been created since 1705 : all these persons are in- 
 capable of being elected, sitting or voting. 
 
 ...... 2. But there are offices in the Excise and Customs 
 
 which only disqualify from sitting or voting, and 
 on resignation thereof the person may take his seat. 
 Absence from England, no objection. 
 
 ...... 3. If only two appear they must be returned the 
 
 returning officer has no authority to allow time for ap- 
 pearance of a new candidate. 
 
 4. May vote for himself. See Fresh Candidate. 
 
 5. Agreement of candidates extending or limiting 
 
 the franchise, no justification to the returning officer. 
 (Glan. 107, 8, 142. Brady, 127, 164.) See Eligibility 
 Bribery. 
 
 CANDIDATE. 6. May vote for himself. H. C. 206, 7. 
 
 7. On both the candidates consenting to declare the 
 
 election void, and no collusion, the committee will so 
 declare, (Sim. 189.) See Brbiery Expenses of Elec- 
 tion Freemen. 
 
 CANDIDATES' OATH. See Qualification Oath, and 
 Opening the Election.
 
 CA CH 15 
 
 CANDIDATE. Their consent will not cure any infringe- 
 ment of the electors rights ; but if the electors also con- 
 sent, the poll will be good. (Male.) " Asking for a vote 
 surely makes him a candidate," Lord Mansfield, Combe 
 c. Pittbut see Morris v. Burdett. 2 Campbell, 240. 
 
 (Fresh ones) may be nominated at any time 
 
 during the poll, and their election good. 1 Doug. 258. 
 Roe, 867. 1 Peck, 83. 
 
 ......... being Disqualified or Incapacitated. See Votes 
 
 thrown away. 
 
 CASTING VOTE. The returning officer has none. 
 
 CERTIFICATE MEN, may vote in some boroughs, in 
 others not. (Taunton case, 1 Douglas, 373. 2 Doug. 
 111. The Bedford case. 
 
 CESTUI QTJE TRUST, or Mortgagee in possession. See 
 Mortgagee or Trustee. 
 
 CHANCERY SWORN CLERK. Office of, no title to vote. 
 
 CHARITIES. 1. Receiving relief from, is generally no 
 disqualification. See Alms. But where the charities 
 imply that the receiver is in a state of indigence, &c. 
 the vote is bad. (Male. Sheph.) 
 
 CHARITY. 1. By custom or usage, in particular boroughs, 
 is held a disqualification, if received by the voter within 
 one year. (Doug. 370. 2 Doug. 126, 7. H. C. 
 2 Edw. 278.) See Boroughs in the Appendix. 
 
 2. By act of Parliament, 4s a disqualification, in 
 
 London, if received in two years previous to election. 
 (Male, 292.) 
 
 , 3. Parochial relief and alms are synonymous terms. 
 
 (18 Eliz. 3. 39 Eliz. c. 3. 43 Eliz. c. 2.) 
 
 4. If distributed by overseers, vote is bad. (2 Doug. 
 
 127.) 
 
 5. To pray for the soul of the donor, receiving this 
 
 money, is a good vote. (1 Doug. 373.) 
 
 6. Permanent Charitable Fund, distributed as 
 
 parish relief, disqualifies. (Male, 294.) 
 
 CHARITY, receiving it within the year, by freeholders, no 
 disqualification. (Male.) 
 
 CHARITABLE DONATIONS by Will, annually distributed, 
 not considered parish relief, but sharing in a charitable 
 gift, appointed to be distributed at Christmas, dis- 
 qualifies. (Male.) 
 
 C2
 
 16 CH CL 
 
 CHARTER LOST. See Custom. 
 
 CHECK CLERKS to be appointed by candidates and keep 
 
 their books, 18 G. 2, c. 18. 
 
 CHECK CLERKS. See Borough or Town Election. 
 CHECK-BOOKS. (In Counties only.) A check-book is 
 
 to be allowed for each candidate at the place where 
 
 the poll is taken, to be kept by their several inspectors. 
 
 It is implied that the sheriff or officer must provide 
 
 them. Male. 
 When there is a mistake in the poll-books it may 
 
 be amended in certain cases by reference to the check- 
 books, and the oath of the voter. (Gloster, 162, 1 Lud. 
 
 356, 449. See Poll Book, Parol Evidence. 
 CHELSEA PENSIONER, not disabled by receiving- his 
 
 pension from voting. (1 Doug-. 273.) 
 CHIEF RENT. Payment of it by tenant, allowed to him 
 
 out of his rent by the owner, sufficient evidence of a 
 
 copyhold, and owner must then prove his freehold. 
 
 (Glast. ca. 30.) 
 CHILTERN HUNDREDS. (Steward of) Acceptance of 
 
 this office, though of no profit, enables a member to 
 
 vacate his seat. (6 Anne, c. 7, s. 26.) 
 CHRISTIAN NAME, mistake therein in poor rates fatal. 
 
 (2 Peck, 395) shews he is not rated. 
 CINQUE PORTS. Officers of, on receiving writ of election, 
 
 has six days allowed for delivering the precept to the 
 
 returning officers. 
 2. Lord Warden used, to claim the privilege of 
 
 nominating and recommending the members, but by 2 
 
 Wm. and Mary, it was declared illegal so to do. Are 
 
 considered as boroughs and towns. 
 CITY OR TOWN (Election.) See Borough or Toivn. 
 CITIES and TOWN COUNTIES, ELECTION IN, 1. there is 
 
 no particular hour fixed when the election must com- 
 mence. (Male.) 
 
 , 2. Returning officer must take the oath. 2 G.2, c. 24. 
 
 3. Candidate must have an estate of the annual 
 
 value of 300/. above reprises. 
 ...... 4. Poll open fifteen days, same as counties, sevej* 
 
 hours a-day. 
 5, In London the elections regulated by 11 G. 1, 
 
 c. 18.
 
 CI CL 17 
 
 CITIES and TOWN COUNTIES, &c. continued. 
 
 ...... 6. Check-books, check-clerks, poll-clerks, and in- 
 spectors, same as counties. 
 
 7. Returning- officer may have a deputy or assessor. 
 
 8. Voters must have a freehold-estate in the city or 
 
 town, 40*. per annum, and twelve months possession, 
 or receipt of rents, unless by descent, marriage, &c. 
 and assessed to the land-tax twelve months. (Male.) 
 
 CITIES AND TOWNS, Counties of themselves. (See Free- 
 holder.) 1. In many the right of election is in the 
 40s. freeholders. (19 G. 3, c. 28, and 3 Geo. 3, c. 24.) 
 The same rules in these places as in counties, except 
 assessment to the land-tax and fee-farm rent. 
 
 2. Where the right of voting in a borough is 
 
 attached to a freehold, without reference to its annual 
 value, the right is only controlled by the Splitting Act, 
 7 and 8 Wm. See Splitting Act Day of Election, 
 
 (Election.) See Borouyh and Town Elections in 
 
 1. If the sheriff of a city or town dies, it is doubtful 
 
 if the under sheriff can proceed as in counties ibr 
 knights of shire. See Male, 78. 
 
 2. Poll fifteen days same as counties, but observe 
 
 there must be twelve-months assessment to land-tax. 
 (19 G. 2.) See Land-tax Assessment as to Cities 
 'and Towns Annuities registering same as counties. 
 
 CLERGYMEN. 1. May vote for rents, tythes, &c. (10 & 
 12 Ann. H. C. 77.) 
 
 2. Cannot sit in the House. (Hey w., 73 4lnst.47, 
 
 2Lud. 269. 7 & 8 W. 3, c. 25.) 
 
 3. If elected, their seat to be void, extends to mi- 
 nisters of the church of Scotland. (41 G. 3. c. 63.) 
 
 4. Penalty of a clergyman sitting or voting 500/. 
 
 Ibid. 
 
 5. The license of the bishop, not necessary to give 
 
 validity to the vote if the appointment is for life. See 
 Tythes Great, Curates, Annuity by Will, Dean 
 and Chapter. 
 
 CLERK OF THE PEACE FOR MIDDLESEX. No vote, not 
 having a freehold interest in his house at Clerkenwell 
 Green. 2 Peck, 92. 
 
 CLERK OF THE PETTY BAG OFFICE, having let part of his 
 office for twenty guineas a-year, not entitled to vote, 
 c 3
 
 18 CL CO 
 
 CLERK of the Pipe in Scotland, not ineligible to sit. 
 
 CLERK of the Peace. To attend the elections with the 
 registry of all annuities. Penalty on refusing to per- 
 mit inspection of the registry 500. 
 
 COAL MINES give a right of voting. Dalton's Office of 
 Sheriff, 333. 
 
 COCKADES, RIBBONS, &c. The Commons (57 G. 8,) 
 passed a bill forbidding them at the election, but the 
 Lords threw it out. 
 
 COLLUSION of Candidates. See Election void. 
 
 COLLECTOR of Hide and Soap Duties. See Excise 
 Officer. 
 
 COMMITTEE on Election Petition, consist of thirteen 
 members, and two other members called nominees. 
 (See Ballot.} The chairman on all committees has the 
 casting vote. 
 
 COMMISSIONERS FOR ADMINISTERING THE 
 OATHS. Two or more must be paid one guinea per 
 day, and appointed by the returning officer, at the 
 written request of a candidate, and places therefore 
 provided by him, which places are to be open eight 
 hours each day, between eight and eight if required by 
 either of the candidates three days before the election. 
 (34 Geo. 3, c. 73.) See Commissioners Oaths. 
 
 2. All the oaths except the bribery- 
 oath to be taken at a separate place or places while 
 the election is proceeding, and not swear more than 
 twelve at one time. (See Oaths.} They shall give to 
 each elector who has taken the oath a certificate thereof, 
 to be produced to the Poll Clerk. 
 
 3. Refusing so to do, resolved to be 
 
 guilty cf misdemeanour, and committed. (16 Jour. 49.) 
 The following cannot vote : 
 
 COMMISSIONERS, 1. of Excise and Customs. 
 
 2. of Woods and Forests. 50 Geo. 3. 
 
 3. for managing the Stamp Duties. 
 
 . . c 4. for Salt. 
 
 5. for auditing the Public Accounts. 
 
 46 Geo. 3. 
 
 . . . . > 6. Window-tax or Houses. 
 
 7. for managing the revenues of the 
 
 Post-office.
 
 co 19 
 
 COMMISSIONERS continued. 
 
 8. in collecting- the duties on hides, soap, 
 
 and other articles mentioned in statute of Anne, 
 9 and 10, cannot vote. 
 
 9. of Board of Works, (Ireland) can- 
 not sit in the House without re-election. 
 
 1 0. of land-tax may vote as wellas those 
 
 acting under them. 
 
 1 1 . of Ordnance not disqualified to sit. 
 
 COMMON OF PASTURE no right of voting-. 1 Hey. 62. 
 
 COMMITMENT. Rioters or Intruders may be admitted. 
 See Interrupting the Election. 
 
 CONFIDENTIAL COMMUNICATIONS. An agent who 
 is not a counsel, solicitor, or attorney, is not privileged 
 from disclosing matters which he knows, before a Com- 
 mittee of the House, and they will not permit an-avowed 
 agent to prove treating by the candidate who em- 
 ployed him. See Agent, Attorney. 
 
 CONSTABLES, JUSTICES, &c. appointed under police 
 acts, cannot vote. 
 
 CONSENT of Candidates. See Election void. 
 
 CONSTABLE of the Tower, and Governors of Forts, in 
 Great Britain. Members do not vacate their seats by 
 these appointments. (Orme, 272.) 
 
 CONTRACT for Purchase, must be accompanied with 
 twelvemonths possession, or no vote. May be stamped 
 at any time after the twenty-one days, on payment of 
 a penalty, and valid from the date. (Male 279.) 
 
 CONTRACT for sale of a freehold estate will not confer a 
 right to vote, except it is such a contract as a court of 
 equity will carry into execution, and unless it has been 
 entered into one year, and the rents and profits 
 actually received by the purchaser since that time. 
 See Conveyance as to Contract before Election, 
 and Conveyance after. 
 
 CONTRACTORS, (Government) cannot sit. 22 G. 3, 
 c. 45. 
 
 CONTRACT. See Conveyance 6. 
 
 CONVICTION. What is. See Bribery, 1, \9, -Libel. 
 
 CONVEYANCE, (Possession.) See Equitable Freehold* , 
 1,2. 
 
 , , Contract, for sale previous to the election,
 
 20 co 
 
 CONVEYANCE continued. 
 
 but conveyance not executed until after. Sellers vote 
 bad. 2 Lud. 427. 
 
 CONVEYANCE. 1. Produced to a person of the same 
 name and description as the voter. Committee refused 
 to receive evidence that this was not the voter. (Glast. 
 126.) 
 
 2. The committee will neither compel nor allow the 
 
 production of private documents to impeach a voter's 
 title without his consent, but secondary evidence, parol 
 or documentary, of the same facts admitted to be proved. 
 2 Peck, 133, 134. 
 
 ...... 3. Voters not bound to produce their title-deeds at 
 
 the poll, or before a committee, except burgage 
 tenants, who must. (2 Lud. 568.) 
 
 4. But on the consent of only one trustee, the 
 
 committee ordered them to be produced. (IPeck, 94,8.) 
 
 5. A memorial of the conveyance good evidence of 
 
 proof. (2 Peck, 132.) See Title-deeds. Fraudulent 
 Conveyance First Day of Election. Burgage 
 Tenants. 
 
 6. Antedated. Contract for sale on 23d April, 
 
 to take profits from 25th March preceding, and convey- 
 ance made 1st May, but antedated to 1st March, the 
 election being 7th April following, held no vote, not 
 being one year's possession. (2 Lud. 540.) 
 
 7. Antedated. Voter thirteen days before the elec- 
 tion agreed to sell his freehold, but agreed not to con- 
 vey until after the election, and signed the conveyance 
 afteiv but the deed antedated as prior to the election. 
 Vote bad. (2 Lud. 427.) 
 
 , 8. Where no Conveyance. See Purchase Money. 
 
 9. "Natural lote and affection " a good consider- 
 ation to the son of the owner, who may vote if he has 
 had possession, and deed executed one year. (Heyw. 
 174.) 
 
 10. Purchase of land seven months, for the purpose 
 
 of voting in a borough election, though good consider- 
 ation, vote bad. (1 Fras. 176.) 
 
 ...... 11. But where the delay in executing the conveyance 
 
 arose from the negligence of the vendee, and the 
 seller remained in possession of part (40s.), the seller's 
 vote good. 2 Peck. 107.
 
 co 21 
 
 CONVEYANCE continued. 
 
 12. Possession under contract of sale for more than 
 
 a year, and conveyance so dated, but not executed until 
 a month previous to the election, the vote was good. 
 (2 Peck, 115.) See Equitable Freeholds Receipt 
 for Purchase Money. 
 
 COPARCENER. The husband of, may vote. 
 
 COPYHOLDERS, or Customary Tenants, or persons 
 holding 1 by copy of court-roll, cannot vote, under a 
 penalty of 50?. (31 Geo. 3. c. 14.) Proof of payment 
 of a chief rent, without other documents, sufficient 
 evidence of copyhold. See Customary Tenants. 
 Chief Rent. 
 
 COPYHOLDERS vote for no place except the borough of 
 Cricklade ; and there they must occupy forty day spre- 
 vious to the election. (2.Heyw. 412.) 
 
 COPYHOLD. See Court Rolls. 
 
 CORPORATIONS (AGGREGATE) as of towns, members 
 of, cannot vote individually. 2 Peck, 113. 
 
 (SOLE) as parsons, vicars may vote 
 
 in their corporate capacity. Hey. 119, 123. 
 
 CORPORATION RIGHTS held six years, and not disputed 
 by quo warranto ; House of Commons refused to in- 
 quire thereof, or to enter into the voters' rights there- 
 upon. (Male.) See Freeman. ^ 
 
 COSTS. See Frivolous and Vexatious Petitions, 10, 11. 
 
 COSTS of Petition againt Return. See Petition. 
 
 COVENTRY FREEMEN cannot be admitted after theteste, 
 and issuing of the writ of election. (21 Geo. 3, c. 54. 
 
 COURT ROLLS. 1. Of a manor not receivable, to impeach 
 a voter's title to his freehold, except with the consent 
 of the lord. (Male.) 
 
 2. Nor was the steward compelled to produce them 
 
 before a Committee of the House, though he had. the 
 Lords' consent (2 Peck. 123. )or to give evidence of their 
 contents. (16.} 
 
 3. But a copy of the admission is evidence, if the 
 
 lord objects to produce the rolls, ( ib.J 
 
 COUNTY ELECTION COURT, a special one must (by sta- 
 tute 7 and 8, Wm. 3 and 18, G. 2, c. 18, be held, for 
 the election of knights of the shire, and proclamation of 
 holding it must be made within two days after the 
 receipt of the writ, at the place where the election is
 
 22 co cu 
 
 COUNTY ELECTION COURT continued. 
 
 to be holden, (25 G. 3, c. 84.) viz. where it has been 
 usually held for the last forty years. (7 and 8 Wm. 3.) 
 It must not be holden on a Sunday, nor more than six- 
 teen, nor less than ten days from the day of procla- 
 mation. (7 and 8 Wm. 3.) It cannot be delayed longer 
 than the eighteenth day, nor can it by law commence 
 sooner than the eleventh day from the receipt of the 
 writ. See Hale Proclamation. 
 
 COUNSEL, Solicitors and Attornies. (See Agents.} Of 
 the candidate are privileged by their professional 
 character from disclosing facts, the knowledge whereof 
 they acquired in their professional character. (Starkie 
 on Evidence.) 
 
 2. On Election petition, no more than two counsel 
 
 to be heard on each side. (Shepherd, 95.) 
 
 CRICKLADE (Borough) leaseholders for, not less than 
 three years, possess the elective franchise, and common 
 copyholders, being forty days householders entitled 
 to vote. 
 
 CUMBERLAND AND WESTMORELAND. (Estates in.) 
 See Westmoreland and Cumberland. But where 
 there are " admittances" to estates, held by custom of 
 the manor, they cannot vote. See Freehold and Male. 
 
 CUMBERLAND OR WESTMORELAND, lands held by 
 tenant right, aliened by deed, in nature of bargain 
 and sale, are not copyhold but customary estates, and 
 as they require admittance by the land, give no right 
 to vote. 
 
 CURATES, 1. Cannot vote ynless licensed. (H. C. 80.) 
 But if they enjoy perpetual curacies, and derive their 
 salary out of freehold land, they may vote. (H. C. 80. 
 Male, 149.) 
 
 2. If appointed, and removable at the will of the 
 
 parson, cannot vote. (2 Lud. 498.) 
 
 CURACY. See Perpetual Curacy. 
 
 CUSTOMARY TENANTS. Whether they can vote or 
 not is doubtful. See Ancient Demesne Tenants, in. 
 
 CUSTOMARY LANDS. See Cumberland or Westmore- 
 land. 
 
 CUSTOMARY TENANTS. 1. Not holding by copy of the 
 court-roll, (See freehold), but by the custom of the
 
 CU 23 
 
 CUSTOMARY TENANTS continued. 
 
 manor, and whose lands did not pass by surrender, is 
 not decided whether they can vote. See Lord Hey- 
 wood's Treatise. But a customary freehold being a 
 customary and ancient demesne, tenant of the manor 
 of Dymocke, good vote. (H. C. 41.) 
 
 CUSTOMARY FREEHOLDS, may vote. See Ancient 
 Demesne. 
 
 CUSTOM (Right of voting by) where no existing charter, 
 the custom is evidence of charter ; and where no esta- 
 blished custom by common law, the right is in the 
 inhabitant householders paying scot and lot. (Male, 
 294.) 
 
 CUSTOM HOUSE OFFICER. See Excise Officer.
 
 24 DA DE 
 
 D. 
 
 DAY OF ELECTION. 1. IN A CITY OR TOWN BEING 
 A COUNTY OF ITSELF. In after three days from re- 
 ceipt of writ. The returning officer to fix the day of 
 election, and give notice within the regular hours, 
 Stat. 33 G. 3, c. 04, and then the election is to com- 
 mence within eight days, calculated both exclusive of 
 the day of receiving the writ, and the day of election. 
 (1 H. Black. 158.) 
 
 2. IN BOROUGHS AND TOWNS, must be within 
 
 eight days after receipt of writ, and returning officer 
 must give at least four days notice. (7 & 8 W. 3, 
 c. 25.) 
 
 ...... 3. One day of which must be exclusive (2 Hey w. 
 
 158), which notice may be given on a Sunday, 
 (Sheph. 67.) but if both the days be reckoned inclu- 
 sive, the election is bad. 
 
 4. Defective notice will avoid the election. (2 
 
 Heyw. 159.) 
 
 ...... 5. Returning officer cannot extend the time beyond 
 
 the eight days mentioned in the statute. 
 
 ......In a County Election. See County Court. Bo- 
 rough or Town Election. 
 
 DEAF AND DUMB Persons, are ineligible to become 
 members. (Simeon 26.) 
 
 DEATH of Sheriff. See Sheriff. 
 
 ......1. Of voter during election. See Descent. The 
 
 purchaser of an equitable freehold. See Equitable 
 Freehold. 
 
 2. Of voter during the election, and after he had 
 
 polled, the heir at law, or devisae may vote again at 
 same election for the same land. (H. C. 112.) 
 
 DEAN AND CHAPTER. Where the Dean and each 
 Prebendary having a certain separate portion in right 
 of their offices, each is a corporation sole, and may 
 vote as at Westminster ; but where the whole annual 
 income is divided amongst them as a corporation ag- 
 gregate they cannot. vote. (Heyw. County Elec. 2 
 Ed. p. 125.)
 
 DE DI 25 
 
 DEBTS. Estate devised liable to payment. See Devisee. 
 
 DECLARATION OF FIDELITY. (7 & 8 W. 3, c. 27.) 
 may be required of every elector, or his vote not allowed. 
 
 DEMAND OF POLL. See Poll. 
 
 DEMAND and refusal of payment of poor rates, &c. See 
 Scot and Lot. 
 
 DENIZEN. May vote,(H. C. 158.) but cannot sit. (12 
 & 13 W. 3.) See Alien. 
 
 DEPUTY SHERIFFS. See Sub-Sheriffs. 
 
 DESCRIPTION. " Tenement" good in Land Tax Assess- 
 ment as to Description. 
 
 DESCRIPriON Con Poll Boot. } Nature of freehold given 
 in " tenement" held good, the committee saying- they 
 would construe it a " house," but if insufficient it may 
 betaken ad vantage of on arielection petition, thoughnot 
 specified in the list. (2 Peck. 52.) See Hi jses and 
 Land, House and Land, Unknown. 
 
 DESCENT, VOTE BY. May vote immediately, provided 
 the lands have been rated in the name of the late owner 
 in possession thereof within two years (2 Lud. 528 
 531.); but he must take possession first, (ibid.} If 
 a freeholder die during the eleetion having voted, his 
 son is also entitled to vote at the same election for 
 same lands. (1 Doug. 272.) See Bailiff. 
 
 DEVISE. VOTE BY, in case of death during the election. 
 (See Descent.} 
 
 DEVISEE in Possession of Lands of the value of 40s. a 
 year devised, subject to the payment of debts and 
 legacies is entitled to vote, though it does not appear 
 that the lands will pay the debts. (Male.) 
 
 DISPUTED VOTES. These votes left undecided on the 
 close of the poll will not avoid the election. (1 Peck, 
 286.) See Objected Votes, Returning Officer, 24. 
 
 DISQUALIFICATION, Notice of. See Bribery 1,2, 3, 
 Minor. 
 
 DISSENTERS may vote on taking the oaths. 
 
 DISSENTING MINISTERS having general appoint- 
 ments for life, and not removable at will, though hold- 
 ing lands for life in respect of their appointments, 
 three cases decide they are not entitled.to vote. (Midd. 
 2. Peck. 91. H.C. 123. Orme 149.) but these decisions
 
 26 DO DU 
 
 DISSENTING MINISTERS continued. 
 
 are doubted, (Male 272.) and the better opinion is 
 they may vote. (Male. Shep. Heyw.) 
 
 DOUBLE RETURN. By a standing order the member 
 cannot sit for that place until the return is decided by 
 a committee, but he may sit for another. (Res. April 
 16, 1727.) See Votes equal. 
 
 DOUBLE RETURN. See Votes equal Scrutiny. 
 
 1. Though this if wilful, false, and malicious, is pro- 
 hibited (by 7 & 8 W. 3, c. 7, s. 3,) yet 
 
 2. There are many cases where it is justifiable and 
 
 necessary, if the right of election is uncertain, or the 
 candidate's eligibility having the majority of votes is 
 objected to (1 Peck, 17.) where a scrutiny begun but 
 not finished. (2 Peck, 378.) 
 
 DOWER. (By 20 G. 3, c. 17.) A second husband may 
 vote in right of dower to his wife of lands assessed to 
 the land tax, of which the first husband died seised, 
 and she is still possessed though not set out by metes 
 and bounds. (1 Heyw. 98.) Where the widow has not 
 claimed or received dower for a considerable length of 
 time, (seven years,) the committee will presume her 
 dower has been released, (2 Lud. 450) ; but where the 
 late husband sold the estate, and the widow still en- 
 titled to dower out of it the new husband cannot vote. 
 (20G.3, c. 17. H.C. 57.) 
 
 DURATION OF POLLS in small cities for fifteen days 
 too long whereby polls vexatiously prolonged. 
 
 DURHAM Act of Parliament (3 G. 3, c. 15.) must be read 
 in places consisting- wholly or part of F?-cemen.
 
 EA EL 
 
 E. 
 
 EAST HENDRES, IN BERKS. (Steward of.) Acceptance 
 of this office (though of no profit) by a member, vacates 
 his seat. (6 Ann c. 7.) 
 
 EAST INDIES. It is doubtful if a member is eligible who 
 is there, when elected. 
 
 2. Persons there when elected, in one instance 
 
 held ineligible. (13 Jour. 353.) But a person going 
 abroad after does not vacate his seat. (3 Lud. 167.) 
 Roe 65.) 
 
 EJECTMENT. Where an action of ejectment cannot be 
 supported against a party in possession of the estate, 
 although he has no legal title, yet 20 years possession 
 entitles him to vote, if rated to the land-tax. (H. C. 
 45.) 
 
 ELECTORS' RIGHTS. See Candidate. 
 
 ELECTIONS should be free. 1. The Stat. 1 Win. & Mary 
 so declares. 
 
 2. Steer between the extremes of republican licen- 
 tiousness and servile obedience. (Male.) 
 
 ...... 3. Two returns made by two mayors, each dis- 
 puting the other's right. The House declined to inter- 
 fere, and ordered the sheriff to do his duty. (Jour. 
 101. 203-4. Roe 461.) The sheriff then returned both 
 candidates, and then a new writ ordered. 
 
 ...... 4. May be avoided by consent of both candidates, 
 
 but if collusive the house will enquire, or by the mem- 
 ber elected accepting office, or neglecting to take the 
 oath. 
 
 5. When new one granted. See Votes thrown 
 
 away. 
 
 6. de A'oflo, cannot be had. See Votes equal. 
 
 Void. See Sheriff. Writ. Where the candidates 
 
 both consent to set it aside it is void. 
 
 ...... Must be in the open air if three days written notice 
 
 from one of the candidates requiring booths be not given. 
 Male (30.) 
 
 County. Day of, must not be on a Sunday, but 
 
 must be no more than 16 nor less than 10 days from
 
 28 EL EQ 
 
 ELECTION, County continued. 
 
 the day of proclamation, which must be two days after 
 the receipt of the writ. 
 
 Bills See Payment of, Agent 3, Day of 
 
 Election . 
 
 ELECTIVE Franchise. Ought to be exercised voluntarily 
 and at the voter's expense, or not at all. 
 
 ELEGIT Tenants by, cannot yote. (Cok. Lit. 42.) 
 
 ELIGIBILITY of Candidates. See Double Return. 
 
 " EMPTY." When premises are so. See Tenant's name. 
 
 " EMPLOYMENT." See Bribery 9. 
 
 EMOLUMENTS to 40s. a year arising out of land gives a 
 right to vote. (Shep. 7.) 
 
 ENTERTAINMENTS, (Elections.) See Bribery, 20 to 
 2530. 
 
 EQUITABLE FREEHOLDS. 1. Purchaser put into pos- 
 session of the land two years before the election, but 
 no conveyance executed until 10 months previous to 
 election; vote bad. (Gloster 163.) But in this case 
 there was no articles 
 
 ...... 2. Purchaser put into possession under articles of 
 
 sale more than a year before the election, but the pur- 
 chase money not paid nor the purchase completed until 
 within the year, the committee held the seller entitled 
 to vote, because he received the rents. (Gloster 82.) 
 
 ...... 3. But if there had been any agreement that the 
 
 purchaser in the above case should take the rents and 
 profits to his own use, Serjeant Heywood says it 
 would have been differently decided. 
 
 ...... 4. But where the voters contracted for the purchase 
 
 (exchange) of their respective estates more than a year 
 before the election, and they had been in receipt of the 
 rents of the contracted estates since, but no conveyance 
 executed, the votes were held good. (See Male, Shep.) 
 
 5. So where rent for a year had been paid to the 
 
 voter by the direction of the former owner for a much 
 longer period than a year previous to the election, but 
 the conveyance not executed until three months before 
 election. Vote good, but query the date of the con- 
 tract in this case. (2 Peck. 106.) 
 
 6. If the seller is in possession, and the purchaser 
 
 neglects or refuses to execute or take his conveyance, 
 the seller's vote will be allowed. (Male.)
 
 EQ EV 29 
 
 EQUITABLE FREEHOLDS continued. 
 
 7 and 8. Where a person has agreed to sell and 
 
 another to purchase premises, and that agreement has 
 been reduced to writing 1 , whether under |s tamp or not. 
 The vendee being- 12 months in possession pr taking 
 the rents by virtue of that agreement above 12 
 months, and rated to the land-tax six months, has an 
 equitable freehold, and right to vote. (H. C.65. Male 148. 
 
 9. If a party claiming to vote is in possession of 
 
 land which has been agreed to be sold to him, and the 
 contract is in writing and signed by both, or by the 
 seller only, or his or their agents, the purchaser en- 
 titled to vote. (Male 278. 29 C. II. c. 3.) 
 
 10. So if no written agreement, but such a part 
 
 performance of the contract as a court of equity would 
 enforce a specific performance, the purchaser, if in 
 possession, may vote, (ibid.} 
 
 11. If the agreement is unstamped, it may be 
 
 stamped in 21 days, or upon payment of the penalty 
 at any time afterwards, which renders it legal from the 
 date, (ibid.} 
 
 12. If an equitable purchaser obtains possession, 
 
 and is rated and dies within one week, or less, from the 
 purchase, and the same from the first day of election^ 
 his heir or devisee may vote at that election. (18 Geo. II. 
 c. 18. 20 Geo. III. c. 18. Male 279.) See Purchase 
 Money unpaid. 
 
 ESTATES. In fee or fee-tail, for the life of the owner or 
 another tenancy in tail after possibility of issue ex- 
 tinct, tenancy by the curtesy or dower, persons 
 having these estates may vote. (Male, Shepherd, 
 Black.) 
 
 EVIDENCE. 1. See Parol Evidence. Conveyance. 
 
 2. The party maintaining the vote must prove the 
 
 rent charge is duly registered, and that the estate 
 from which it issues is duly rated. (Male.) 
 
 3. Of the assessor of the land-tax is receivable only 
 
 in ambigious cases, (ibid.} 
 
 See Agents, Attorney, Banters Books, 
 
 Copyholders or Customary Tenants Conveyancer, 
 Chkf Hent, Felony, Lincoln's Inn Society 
 Books, Land-Tax Assessment, Pott Book, 8. 
 
 D3
 
 30 EX 
 
 EXAMINATION OF VOTERS. Returning officer will be 
 censured and punished if he denies this to the opposite 
 
 party. (2 Peck. 28.) 
 COMMU 
 
 EXCOMMUNICATION. No objection to voting:. (13 
 Jour. 42. Sim. 55.) 
 
 EXCISE OFFICER. 1. No excise or custom house officer, 
 or collector of duties on hides, soap, c. nor any post 
 master general, or collector of the post office revenues, 
 shall in any manner endeavour to persuade or dissuade 
 an elector from giving his vote. (5 W. & M. c. 20 
 12 and 18 W. III. c. 10.) 
 
 ...... 2. If elected member, there are some offices in the 
 
 excise and customs which only disqualify the holders 
 from sitting in the house, but not from being elected. 
 (11 and 12 W. III. c. 2.) and therefore by resigning 
 their office after the election they may sit. (Orme 265. 
 21 Jour. 138. 1 Doug. 143.) 
 
 ...... 8. No commissioner, collector, comptroller, searcher, 
 
 or other officer or person concerned in the customs or 
 excise, or stamp*, or the window taxes, can vote. 
 (22 Geo. III.) 
 
 ...... 4. Appointed by the Crown [cannot vote ; but a de- 
 
 puty not so appointed may. (4 Fras. 165.) 
 
 EXEMPTIONS from land-tax. See Land-tax Assessment, 
 Exemptions, 
 
 " EXIGENTER of the Common Pleas," in land-tax, with 
 blanks left for the description of the freehold and na- 
 ture of it __ Held good. (2 Peck. 54.) 
 
 EXPENSES of Election. 1. Candidate only liable to such 
 as the statute law casts on him, and if he is elected 
 without his presence, or any interference by himself 
 or bis agents, he is not liable. Morris v. Burdett, (1 
 Campbell 218. 2 Maule & S. 212.) See Poll Clerk. 
 
 ...... 2. Under Statute 51 Geo. III. c. 126. candidate is 
 
 liable to the following expenses 
 
 of administering the oaths; of hust- 
 ings at county elections ; printing of admission tickets 
 to hustings, and forms of certificates and oaths. Bur- 
 dett's Case. (1 Camp. N. P. Reports 218.) or of asses- 
 sors. (2 Campbell N. P. 240.) 
 
 ...... 3. Candidate not liable to the following expenses, 
 
 ..... 4. Proclaiming the election ; of staff-men or con-
 
 EX 31 
 
 EXPENSES of Election continued. 
 
 stables ; of high bailiff's (as returning officer) table 
 expenses ; of bonds of indemnity against danger to sur- 
 rounding buildings ; of advertisements in proclaiming 
 election; indentures of choice; under-sheriff; county 
 clerk ; bailiffs ; hall-keepers ; filing writ ; surveyors ; 
 printing poll-books ; of agents' charges, 25 guineas in 
 retaining assessor ; of costs paid by sheriff iu an action 
 against him for expense of hustings ; (2 Campbell 240. 
 1 Campbell 218.) or of printed forms of declarations 
 of fidelity, and certificates of voters taking the oaths. 
 (Male.) 
 
 5. If the member is not present at the election, or 
 
 does not in any manner interfere by himself or agents, 
 or holds himself out as a candidate, but takes his seat 
 afterwards, the jury held he was no candidate, and 
 therefore not liable to any expense. (Burdetf s 2nd 
 Case. 2 Maule and Selwyu 212.) 
 
 EXTENSION of the Elective Franchise. The House of 
 Commons and its committees act on this principle, 
 rather than narrowing the elective franchise. 

 
 F. 
 
 FEE FARM RENTS. See Annuity. The Middlesex Com- 
 mittee held, that either thefreehold for which the vote 
 is given must be assessed, or it must be registered in 
 the shape of an annuity or rent charge, the land out 
 of which it issues being likewise assessed. (Shepherd.) 
 
 or RESERVED RENTS 2. Need not be registered. 
 
 (Glast. case, 58, 127. but contra, H. C. 2 Ed. 237. 
 2 Peck, 82.) 
 
 3. Must be registered, if the land out of which it 
 
 issues be not assessed. (2 Peck, 85.) 
 
 4. Whether fee farm rents, &c. registered or not, 
 
 the land out of which they issue must. (H. C. 2 Ed. 
 237.) 
 
 5. Given in as description on poll book, when in 
 
 fact it was a rent charge, held good. See Land-tax 
 purchased. 
 
 FELONS having suffered the punishment, or received a 
 pardon, may vote. (1 Peck, 509. Male, 35, 169.) 
 
 FELONY. I. Persons attainted cannot be asked if they 
 have been convicted. See Treason or Felony. 
 
 2. Can only be proved by record thereof produced. 
 
 (1 Peck, 509. 8 East, R. 77.) 
 
 FIRST DAY OF ELECTION. Time. As to annuities they 
 must be registered, and certificate granted twelve- 
 months before the first day of the election. (3 Geo. 3, 
 c. 24.) 
 
 2. Time. Whether the land-tax contract for 
 
 redemption must be redeemed before the first day of 
 election, or whether the conveyance title-deeds must 
 not bear date twelvemonths previous to this day, or the 
 day of voting, is undecided. See the Land-tax 
 Conveyance Title-deeds. 
 
 FOREIGN PROTESTANTS AND JEWS, having resided 
 seven years in our American colonies, without an ab- 
 sence of two months at any one time, good vote ; and 
 all foreign Protestants, serving two years there, in a 
 military capacity, or three years in the whale fishery, 
 with exceptions. See Statute. 13 G. 2, c. 3.
 
 FO FR 33 
 
 FOREIGN SEAMAN naturalised, if so facto, by serving 
 two years in war, on board a King's ship, may vote. 
 (13 Geo. 2. c. 3.) 
 
 FORTIFIED TOWNS. (Boroughs, Cities, &c.) Soldiers 
 composing the garrisons not to be removed pending 
 the elections therein. (8 Geo. 2. c. 30.) 
 
 FORTY SHILLINGS (clear) per annum. See Right of 
 Voting, Mortgagor. The value is not what the tenant 
 pavs, out what it is fairly worth. (2 Lud. 450.) 
 
 FRAUI>. See Splitting Act. 
 
 FRAUDULENT CONVEYANCE. All collusive grants for 
 electioneering purposes void, and the estate, by (10 
 Anne, c.28.) declared to rest in \\&grantee, free from 
 from any condition to re-convey. (18 Geo. 2. c. 18. 
 s. 5.) No vote is good for any freehold estate fraudu- 
 lently granted on purpose to give the vote. 
 
 FREE Warren of Conies, confers right of voting. (Dalton's 
 O. Sheriff, 333.) 
 
 FREEHOLD. It must be both in tenure and interest, if 
 the Lord of the Manor hath any right of admittance, 
 the person has no vote. (Shepherd.) 
 
 2. If a voter agrees to sell his estate before the 
 
 election, but refuses to convey until after, because he 
 had promised his vote, and he actually signed the con- 
 vevance after the election, which was antedated, his 
 vote held bad. (Male.) 
 
 3. Legal Freehold, without a present beneficial 
 
 interest, vote bad. (2 Lnd. 424.) 
 
 4. The interest of the voter must be freehold. 
 
 (stat. Hen. 6.J 
 
 OFFICE, by Letters Patent, persons holding one, 
 
 may vote. 
 
 FREEHOLDER. Must take the oath at the time of elec- 
 tion if required, or cannot vote. 
 
 2. Receiving alms is not disqualified. See Alms. 
 
 3. In counties, or cities, or towns counties, not to 
 
 vote except he has 40s. clear yearly value in land, 
 in that city or town. (19 Geo. 2. c. 28.) But see 
 contra, (19 Geo. 2. c. 28.) less value than 40*. 
 
 4. See Irish Elections Returning Officer, 38. 
 
 5. Previous to (stat Hen. 6.) which requires 40*. 
 
 per annum freehold, any freeholder might vote.
 
 34 PR 
 
 FREEHOLDER continued. 
 
 6. Selling his estate, but retaining a part expressly 
 
 for the purpose of voting, his vote good. (Male, 296.) 
 
 FREEMEN, of a borough, receiving parish relief, is no dis- 
 qualification, unless by some resolution of the House 
 of Commons, as to that borough, they are declared 
 disqualified. (Male, 395.) See Boroughs, Appendix. 
 
 (HONORARY) 2. Must be regularly admitted. (Sim. 
 
 121.) 
 
 3. ADMISSION FEES. Raised by subscription, to 
 
 which the candidate had not contributed, and where no 
 previous promise exacted from the voter, held not to be 
 bribery. (1 Doug. 243, 268.) See Bribery 2 1 . 
 
 4. By the Durham Act. (3 Geo. 3. c. 15.) Not 
 
 to vote unless he has been admitted to his freedom 
 twelvemonths before the first day of election, except 
 he obtains his freedom by birth, servitude, or marriage. 
 See Burgess. 
 
 5. Admissions of Freemen may be stamped at 
 
 any time before polling, antedating them penalty 5001. 
 stamp duty thereon, if by birth, apprenticeship, or 
 marriage, I/, any other ground Si. Admittances 
 stamped after the votes were given, (3 Doug. 215,, 
 207.) the votes were held bad they must be stamped 
 previous to voting. (5 Geo. 3. c. 46.) 
 
 6. ADMISSIONS OF, if by custom of the corpora- 
 tion, a formal admission is not necessary, and then no 
 stamp is required. (2 Doug. 132, 175.) Stamped 
 admissions on paper, or on a roll, good. (Corb. Dan. 
 51. 109.) Service of office of mayor, alderman, or 
 sheriff, sufficient evidence of stamped admissions. See 
 Corb. Dan. 109. 
 
 ...... 7. Service of office of mayor, aldermen, sheriff, or 
 
 common-councilman, sufficient evidence of being sworn 
 in. (Corb. Dan. 106.) 
 
 ...... 8. Sworn in six years sufficient evidence of cor- 
 porate rights. Corb. Dan. 51. 
 
 9. Though by the Durham Act, the freemen must 
 
 have been admitted one year, yet if their admissions 
 are stamped at any time, even during the poll but 
 previous to voting, the vote is good. 3 Doug. 188, 
 208 ; but not after. Corb. Dan. 109. 3 Doug. 215.
 
 FR FIJ 35 
 
 FREEMAN continued. 
 
 10. Persons w^^ln the Durham Act, may be ad- 
 mitted at any time after the teste, and issuing of the 
 writ, and previous to voting 1 . 1 Doug. 245, 288 ; except 
 in Coventry. 21 G. 3, c. 54, s. 6. 
 
 11. Persons enforcing their right to admission by 
 
 mandamus, shall be entitled to costs from the mayor, 
 or other officer, who so misconducted himself. 12 Geo. 
 3, c. 21. 
 
 12. If a person claims as a burgess, and not as a 
 
 freeman, he may vote notwithstanding he has not been 
 admitted twelvemonths. 1 Peck, 400. 
 
 1 3. All persons may inspect all books and papers 
 
 relating to admissions, on payment of is. and have 
 copies thereof at a reasonable charge. (Shepherd.) 
 
 14. Admission refused, or parties having delayed 
 
 their demand for admission till too late to enforce it by 
 a mandamus, they should nevertheless tender their votes 
 as freemen, after due application to be admitted and 
 a wrongful refusal, committee held them entitled, and 
 added them to poll. Sudbury case. But they must 
 apply and enforce their admission by mandamus. 1 
 Fras. 166. 1 Doug. 464, 470. 3 Doug. 300, 367. 
 So as to burgesses. Shrewsbury case. The applica- 
 tion to be admitted may be made on a Sunday. 
 
 ...... 15. (HONORARY) are made at the pleasure of the 
 
 corporation, but cannot vote until admitted twelve- 
 months. (Simeon. Shepherd.) 
 
 l FRIVOLOUS AND VEXATIOUS." Report of, on an 
 election committee, entitles the opposite party to costs, 
 by (53 Geo. 3. c. 71.) and expenses to witnesses also. 
 A petition is so reported when petitioner produces no 
 evidence, (Shepherd, 107, and cases there cited) or 
 or when his evidence fails altogether, (1 Peck, 335.) 
 or the petition is groundless, being presented under 
 misapprehension of the law. (2 Fras. 238.) 
 
 FULHAM BRIDGE. Share in. A voter described it as 
 " Rent." Held good. (2 Peck, 60.)
 
 GA GU 
 
 G. 
 
 GAME. Estate reduced belo\y 100?. by mortgages, Sec- 
 is no qualification to kill game. 1 Hey w, 145. See 
 Mortgagor. 
 
 GAOL, (Member in) in Execution for debt when elected, 
 it is doubtful if election good, l and 2 Hatzell. 
 
 GIFT. See Bribery. 
 
 GLEBE LANDS. Vicar may vote for. 2 Inst. 27. Need 
 not be rated. Male. 
 
 GOVERNMENT CON TRACTOR. See Contractors. 
 
 GOVERNORS of Forts in Great Britain. See Master 
 Gen. Ordnance. 
 
 GREENWICH PENSIONERS may vote. 1 Doug. 373. 
 
 GRAND LARCENY. A Person convicted of, having under- 
 gone the sentence, vote good. Male, 169. 
 
 GUARD or A MAIL COACH, paid by the Post-office, may 
 vote. 2 Fras. 454. 
 
 GUARDS, (King's) not to be removed on the Westminster 
 or Southwark elections. 
 
 GUAGER, fin Excise) cannot vote. 22 Geo. 3. 
 
 GUERNSEY OR JERSEY, (Governors of) these appoint- 
 ments do not vacate the member's seats. Orme, 271.
 
 HO HU 37 
 
 HOUSEHOLDER, must possess the exclusive right to the 
 use of the outer door. (2 Fras. 449, 451.) If he takes 
 inmates he relinquishes his vote, (ibid.}: but if he 
 lives in a burg-age house he may take inmates, and 
 his vote good. (1 Peck, 273.) 
 
 Shop or stall, unless used as a dwelling, is no house. 
 
 If a covered passage is considered a street, all the 
 houses that have separate outward doors opening into 
 that passage, are good votes. (2 Fras. 449.) 
 (INHABITANT.) Housekeeper, Householder, In- 
 habitant Resiant, paying Scot and Lot, cannot vote 
 unless resident in the city or borough six months pre- 
 vious to dav of election. 
 
 HOUSE AND WINDOW TAX. Cannot be deducted 
 from the rental to reduce it below 40s. See Right of 
 Voting, &c. 2 Lud. 476. 
 
 " HOUSES AND LAND," described on the poll defec- 
 tively as to the houses, the land being insufficient, vote 
 bad. ' 2 Peck, 5. 9. 
 
 " HOUSE AND LAND in the occupation of John Hind," 
 lawyer, thus described on poll Hind only occupied 
 the house and garden worth 30s. per annum, and the 
 adjoining field, worth 20-9. per annum, was in Hind's 
 lease, but was occupied bv R. G. yet vote held good. 
 
 2 Lud. 417. 
 
 HONORARY FREEMEN. In some boroughs may vote, 
 as at Durham, Bedford, and a variety of other places. 
 Admission must be strictly proved and be stamped. 
 
 3 G. 3. must be admitted twelve months, if not so, 
 on voting penalty 1007. Not to extend to persons by 
 birth, marriage, servitude, or to persons duly elected 
 or presented. 1 Doug. 3 Doug. 173. Sim/101. 
 
 HUNDRED. (Vote in the wrong one.) See Voter. 
 HUSBAND. 1. Married during the election can vote. 
 
 See Marriage ; also though he had received alms or 
 
 relief within twelve months. (Male 273.) 
 2. Having covenanted to allow his wife or others 
 
 to receive the rents without his control, vote is bad. 
 
 (Male 274.) 
 HUSTINGS. See Expenses of Election.
 
 38 
 
 I 
 
 ' IDEM SONANS." If Poll Clerk enters the name to the 
 same sound it is no objection ; but see 2 Peck, 25, 
 contra, see Poll Book. 
 
 IDENTITY of Freemen. Objections that it is not the 
 same John Jones as appears in the poll-book. The 
 proof of this rests on the party objecting. (Male.) 
 
 At borough elections. Two persons of the same 
 
 name proof lays on the party objecting. Sim. 123. 
 
 IDENTITY. See conveyance produced ; but where two 
 persons of the same name and description, evidence of 
 identity permitted. (2 Lud. 517.) 
 
 IDEOTS cannot vote (Hale, Parl. 116. H. C. 164-5.) be- 
 cause they never have a lucid interval. (ibid.J It is 
 not necessary a commission of lunacy should have 
 issued ' Male, 165.) returning officer must exercise his 
 judgment, flbid.j 
 
 IMPROPER CONDUCT OR MISTAKE of returning officer, 
 does not make void the election, if in other respects 
 there was a good and substantial election. H. C. 342. 
 I Lud. 323. 
 
 INCAPABILITY of member to lake his seat. See Votes 
 thrown away, $c. " Candidate," " Minor" 
 " Bribery," " Sheriff." 
 
 INFANTS cannot vote. 
 
 INFANT elected member, the election declared vexatious. 
 
 INDENTURES OF RETURN. (County Election) 1. Are 
 between the sheriff and freeholders, (Borough) between 
 the returning officer and electors of the one part, and 
 the sheriff on the other. Precept annexed. 7 H. 4, 
 c. 15. 
 
 2. The sheriff sends these indentures to the Clerk 
 
 of the Crown in Chancery. 7 Hen. 4. 23 Hen. 6, 
 c. 141. Only one seal for the freeholders held good, 
 Glanv. 137 -so where no witnesses. Ibid. 
 
 If stolen, or lost, the counterpart is a good return. 
 
 Orme, 104. Male, 223.
 
 IN 39 
 
 INHABITANT continued. 
 
 " INHABITANTS," this term alone, without some super- 
 added qualification, never confers the elective franchise 
 except at Preston ; in Tregony the right is in all the 
 inhabitants who provide for themselves, whether they 
 live under the same roof or not. 
 
 INHABITANT. Lord Coke expounds it, " Such as be 
 householders there." 3 Doug. 81. 
 
 Leaseholders having a lease, retaining possession, 
 
 and only sleeping one night before the election, a good 
 inhabitancy. 5 Term Reports, 466. 
 
 INHABITANTS, By 26 Geo. 3. c. 100. s. 1. No person 
 shall vote for any city or borough in Great Britain or 
 Wales, as an inhabitant paying scot and lot, or in- 
 habitant householder legally settled, inhabitant house- 
 keeper, pot waller, legally settled, or as an inhabitant 
 householder resiant, or as an inhabitant of such city or 
 borough, unless he shall have been actually and bona 
 fide an inhabitant paying scot and lot, &c. (as above) 
 within such city or borough six calendar months pre- 
 vious to the day of election, under a penalty of 207. 
 except possession of premises by descent, devise, mar- 
 riage, or marriage settlement, or promotion to any 
 office or benefice. This act extended to inhabitant 
 housekeepers paying scot and lot. (Simeon, 2nd edit, 
 n. 128.) Male 296. No person to gain a settlement 
 unless rated for a house at 10. 
 
 Settlement, " legally settled." See Settlement. 
 
 Stock in Trade rated, gives a vote however in all cases. 
 
 (See Residence.} 
 
 INHABITANT Householders entitled to vote when charter 
 lost. (Male 294.) 
 
 INSPECTORS at the Poll Booths. See Check Book. 
 
 INSPECTORS at county elections are to keep a check- 
 book for every poll-book, and see that the poll-book is 
 accurately kept ; there ought to be as many inspectors 
 as candidates. See 7 & 8 W. 3, c. 25. 18 G. 2, c. 18. 
 
 For cities being counties, same regulations. 
 
 INSUFFICIENT Freehold Estate, given in at the poll, 
 voter cannot call in aid any freehold not given in at 
 the poll. 2 Lud. 444; but see contra, 2 Lud. 4467. 
 
 IN TENTION. See Splitting Act, 3. 
 E 2
 
 40 IN jo 
 
 INTERRUPTING THE ELECTION, by turbulent conduct, 
 or otherwise, even the smallest interruption, having a 
 tendency to the disturbance of the proceedings, the 
 party offending- may be forthwith committed, even 
 without a warrant by any magistrate or returning 
 officer. 1 Jour. 826, 834 7. 1 Taunt. 146. Male, 
 122, 3, 4, 5. 
 
 IRISH ELECTIONS. 1 Geo. 4. 
 
 1. Not more than 500 freeholders shall poll in one 
 
 book. Sheriff" to have a separate book to decide in. 
 
 2. Inspectors to be sworn. 
 
 3. Votes, objections to, must be in writing. 
 
 4. Poll Clerk to send them to the sheriff, who shall 
 
 write allowed or rejected thereon. 
 
 5. Persons not to plead or speak in the deputy's 
 
 booth. 
 
 6. Rioting, persons guilty of, to be committed by 
 
 returning officer for twenty-four hours. 
 
 7. Freeholders names to be entered by clerk of 
 
 peace alphabetically. 
 
 8. Conveyance not to be registered unless stamped. 
 
 IRISH PEERS. For places in Ireland cannot sit. (13 & 
 14 Journals.) 
 
 J. 
 
 JERSEY, &c. Governors of. See Guernsey and Jersey, 
 .. Governors. 
 
 JEWS, foreign. See Foreign Jews. 
 
 JEWS. Having since their banishment by Edward I. re- 
 turned and purchased estates, which they hold without 
 interruption, may vote if qualified. (H C. 218) 
 
 JOINT TENANTS (and their husbands) and tenants in 
 common of freehold estates, or freehold interests, have a 
 right to vote, they must however each of them be as- 
 sessed to the land tax, or only the one who is assessed 
 can vote. (H C. 67 ) But the Splitting Act declares, 
 that there shall be only one vote for one house, &c.
 
 jo ' 'LA 41 
 
 JOINT TENANTS continued. 
 
 2. If two' joint tenants agree (query verbally) to 
 
 part their land, they are no longer joint tenants, and 
 each may vote as tenants in severalty. (2 Blac. 
 Com. 185. Co Litt. 192193.) 
 
 3. See Part of a Messuage, Land Tax, Assess- 
 ment, as to Names 
 
 JUDGES. The twelve English cannot sit in the House, 
 4 Inst. 47. Jour. 9 Nov. 1605. Hale Parl. 141. 
 
 Scotch, and Barons of the Scotch Exehequer can- 
 not sit. 7 Geo. 2. c. 16. s. 4 
 
 JUSTICE OF THE PEACE, salaried at the public offices in 
 London, not entitled to be a member of Parliament, to 
 vote at elections for Middlesex, Surrey, or the Borough. 
 See Magistrate. 
 
 JUSTICES OF THE PEACE. See Riots Riot Acts- 
 Military Magistrates Bribery Oath. 
 
 JUSTICES of the Peace and Constables, appointed under 
 the Police Acts, cannot vote. 
 
 K. 
 
 KING. The King in council commands a parliament to be 
 
 summoned. 
 KNIGHT OF THE SHIRE. See Qualification. 
 
 L. 
 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT ACT, AS TO CITIES AND 
 TOWNS BEING COUNTIES. The assessment must be 12 
 calendar months before election. (19 G. II.) Rents 
 not usually assessed to land-tax excepted. Male. 190.) 
 
 " LAND." Voter described it on poll, when it was houses, 
 vote bad. (2 Peck. 59.) See Poll Book. 
 E 3
 
 42 LA 
 
 LAND-TAX, and all rents and charges, must be deducted 
 from the rental to reduce it below 40s. ; but taxes, paro- 
 chial rates, and all other rates, whether parliamentary or 
 parochial, cannot be deducted to reduce the rental. (See 
 Right of voting.} 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT. [AS TO NAMES.] 
 
 1. Premises to be assessed in the name of the " owner 
 
 or of his tenant, or tenants actually occupying the same 
 as tenant, &c. of the owner" with certain exceptions. 
 
 2. 30 Geo. III. requires the assessment to be in the 
 
 " names of both the landlord and tenant." In the Mid- 
 dlesex case, the Committee of the House of Commons by 
 agreement of the parties made a rule that if either the 
 name of the owner or of the tenant was correct, though 
 the other were wrong, the assessment should be good. 
 I recommend the agents for both candidates to sign an 
 agreement to this effect before the election commence. 
 
 3. If the Christian name of a voter on the poll vary 
 
 from that on the assessment, or where no Christian name, 
 or the initials only appear thereon, the voter, or the asses- 
 sor, or collector of the land-tax, must prove the identity. 
 (2 Peck. 66-67.) 
 
 , 4. If the owner is assessed as tenant, he must prove 
 
 his title as owner (Sheph.) but 
 
 5. Where no owner was assessed, and the tenant on 
 
 the poll or assessment appeared the same, no further evi- 
 dence was required unless the tenant had other land in 
 the same parish. (Ibid.) 
 
 6. By 30 Geo. III. c. 35. if the assessment be in the 
 
 name of the person claiming to vote, or of the person oc- 
 cupying at the time of assessment, or in case of a freehold 
 coming to voter within the year and assessed within two 
 years, if it be in the name of the persons by or through 
 whom he claims title, although the name of the tenant ac- 
 tually occupying shall NOT be inserted, shall be sufficient. 
 
 7. Owner's name need not appear on the rate. 
 
 (2 Lud. 539.) 
 
 8. Joint tenants cannot vote, except assessed as indi- 
 viduals ; but if their surnames are the same, and the chris- 
 tian names differ, and the rate is " Mr.Gordon" query, if 
 either can vote? one voted (good); the other was re- 
 jected. (2 Lud. 508.)
 
 LA 43 
 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT [AS TO NAMES] 
 continued. 
 
 9. Trust Estates. " Cestui que Trust" must be rated ; 
 
 and where the assessment is in name of the trustee it is 
 bad. (2 Lud. 509.) 
 
 10. Mortgage. Query if the assessment must not be 
 
 in the name of mortgager, if he is in possession. 
 
 11. Annuitant must be assessed in his own name. (2 
 
 Lud. 505.) 
 
 12. Tylhes assessed in tenants name only, who had 
 
 compounded for them with the voter, the vicar, and land- 
 lord ; vote good : (2 Lud. 506) and in a vote for tythes, 
 the owner need not be named. (2 Lud. 507.) 
 
 13. Name of the tenant inserted by the collector after 
 
 allowance ; vote is bad. (2 Peck. 80.) 
 
 14. Name of either owner or tenant sufficient; 
 
 " Mary B. and Company," Mary only can vote. (2 
 Peck. 74.) 
 
 . 15. Voters name in tenants column, and premises ac- 
 tually occupied b\j another, bad. (2 Peck. 74.) 
 
 16. Wife's maiden name or her husband's, insufficient 
 
 if parties have been married twelve months. (2 Peck. 76.) 
 
 17. Partnership, all the parties must be assessed in 
 
 their proper names, or no vote. (2 Peck. 74-78.) 
 
 18. Joint Tenants. Assessment in the name of one. 
 
 Joint Tenant as occupier, bad. (2 Peck 78.) 
 
 19 & 20. No Joint Tenant can rote unless his name 
 
 is on the land-tax assessment, (H. C. 139.) 
 
 21 & 22. " Cooper's Company" assessed as owners, 
 
 instead of W. Biddulph ; but the tenant's name, correct, 
 on proof, that Biddulph was the owner; vote good. 
 (Peck. 68-69.) 
 
 23. Share of New River, voted for by Geo. Marshall, 
 
 it was assessed, " Proprietors of New River ;" vote good. 
 (2 Peck. 74.) 
 
 24. No Assessment in the land-tax book, although 
 
 land-tax paid, and Receipts produced and proved; vote 
 is bad. (Peck. 73.) 
 
 25. Occupiers. " Smith and others," Smith never 
 
 occupied, holden that the voter might shew the real occu- 
 pier, and vote. (2 Lud. 522.) 
 
 26. Owner's name in the tenant's column, he being
 
 44 LA 
 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT [AS TO NAMES] 
 continued. 
 
 occupier at the time, and stated " Ld" for Landlord, 
 
 good. (2 Peck. 75.) 
 27. Mother's name, assessed, the voter became entitled 
 
 by devise within twelve months ; vote held good. (H. 
 
 C. 142.) 
 28. Schoolmaster, by way of salary out of charity ; 
 
 lands-assessed, " charity-land," without name of voter 
 
 sufficient. (2 Lud. 501.) 
 29. Owner's name in the Tenant's column. Vote good 
 
 on proof of identity. (Peck. 69.) 
 30. If a Voter can prove that his Tenant has actually 
 
 paid the Land Tax Assessment, and that his own name 
 
 has been either fraudulently or improperly omitted, he may 
 
 vote. Male. 
 31. No Proprietor's name in the assessment, but the 
 
 tenant's correct, the vote is good. (2 Pack 70.) 
 32. " t r icar of Stanwell" without stating byname, 
 
 sufficient. (2 Peck 74.) 
 
 33. " G. B. late C. Z)." Owner's column no ob- 
 jection. (2 Peck 69.) 
 34. Owner's name in wrong column. Owner being 
 
 himself then the tenant, and his name in tenant's column, 
 
 good, but if the owner did not occupy the assessment is bad 
 
 (H. C. 134.2 Peck 76.) Late tenant's or owner's name. 
 
 See land tax assessment, generally, 10. 
 35. Wife* s name only bad if voter married 12 
 
 months. (2 Peck. 76.) 
 
 " Late Tenant's name." If the tenant was changed 
 
 between the making or allowing the assessment and the 
 
 election, vote good. (2 Peck. 80.) 
 
 Name of voter inserted in the assessment, after it had 
 
 been signed by Commissioners, vote bad. (ibid.) 
 36. Name assessed. " Giles, Kent and Co.." Mr. 
 
 Dickenson formed one of the Co. held he could not vote. 
 37. " Vicar of Stanwell" is a good description. (2 
 
 Peck 74.) 
 38. " Sharp's Tenants," bad assessment, no persons 
 
 being named. (2 Peck 78.) 
 39. " Moravian Chapel" assessed in the name of one 
 
 of the party bad. (Male.)
 
 LA 45 
 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT [AS TO NAMES] 
 continued. 
 
 40. Name of a joint Tenant inserted in the occu. 
 
 pier's column bad. (2 Peck 78.) 
 
 41. The assessment must be in the name of some per- 
 son in possession wiUiin 2 years. 
 
 42. If tenant's name is NOT in the assessment, or if 
 
 the tenant's name is in, and the voter's not, the vote is 
 good. (Male 151.) 
 
 , 43. If either owner's or tenant's name in the assess- 
 ment, vote is good. (2 Peck 65.) 
 
 44. a. Where the name was rightly spelt in the assess- 
 ment but wrong in the duplicate, no advantage can be 
 taken. (2 Peck. 68.) 
 
 44 b. Where the tenant of voter is rated generally, it is 
 
 presumed to be the land of the voter unless the tenant had 
 other lands of his own in the same parish, and then the 
 presumption is against the voter, who must prove the land 
 to be his OWQ. Glost. ca. 40. 
 
 45. A custom in a parish to assess land only, and 
 
 voter's land alone not worth 40s. per annum, but his 
 house was vote good. H. C. 133. 
 
 46. Names of the owner and occupiers were transposed 
 
 in the assessment vote rejected. H. C. 134. But Mr. 
 Male doubts this. (Male 152.) See Land Tax Assess- 
 ment as to names 34. 
 
 47 Land tax. In annuities the assessment must be 
 
 in the name of the annuitant. If in Landowners name is 
 bad See Schoolmasters Joint Tenants. 
 
 48. The outer's name must appear on the assessment. 
 
 49. Assessment must be either on the person assessed 
 
 or owner of the land. (Male.) 
 
 50. Where there is more than one name, if any name 
 
 agree it is sufficient. (Ibid.) 
 
 51. Description in assessment, where instead of I. T. 
 
 the owner " (late G)" was inserted in the owner's column 
 assessment bad. (Peck. 73.) 
 
 52. " Mary Bodmead and Co." the vote of another 
 
 partner in the firm was disallowed. (Peck. 74.) 
 
 53. If the owner's name is inserted in the occupier's 
 
 column, and the premises occupied by another, vote bad. 
 
 54. One of 2 joint tenants assessed, the vote of the 
 
 other rejected. (2 Peck. 78.)
 
 46 LA 
 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT [AS TO NAMES] 
 continued. 
 
 55. Marriage, an assessment in the wife's name is 
 
 bad, if the parties have been married 12 months. (Peck. 
 76.) 
 
 36. " Vicar of Appleby," held good. 
 
 57. " New River Company," this description entitled 
 
 all the shareholders to vote, as the land tax is paid from a 
 general fund. (2 Peck. 74.) 
 
 58. In case the tenancy is changed between the 
 
 making the assessment and the election, the assessment in 
 theoW tenant's name is sufficient, but not so if it con- 
 tinues unaltered several years. (2 Peck. 77.) 
 
 59. " Such a one's tenant" is bad. 
 
 See Exemptions, 20 Geo. III. c. 17. Annuities Rent 
 Charge. 
 
 LAND-TAX ASSESSMENT (AS TO DESCRIPTION OF ESTATE.) 
 
 1. The name of the parish in the Assessment and 
 
 Poll Book must correspond, and if a " hamlet" maintains 
 its own poor, it must be described as such " hamlet;" 
 but if it does not maintain its own poor, it must be 
 described as in the parish. Steph. (Male.) 
 
 2. The name of the street in the Assessment and 
 
 Poll-Book must also agree. (Ib.) 
 
 3. Pariah. The freehold must be described on the 
 
 poll in the same parish in which the assessment is made, 
 or it is bad. (2 Lud. 509, 416.) 
 
 4. Hamlet of a Parish, if it maintains its own poor, 
 
 has a separate ballot for militia, and a separate Land-tax 
 Assessment, in which the freehold is assessed ; and if it is 
 described on the poll as in the parish generally, the vote 
 is bad. (2 Peck. 71.) 
 
 5. Division of a Parish, not maintaining its own 
 
 poor, it must be described in the parish. (2 Peck. 71.) 
 
 6. Name of the Street, described on the poll, must 
 
 agree with the assessment. (2 Peck. 71.) 
 7. Poll-Book. If f he description of Land-Tax, re- 
 quired under the different heads, by statute, be incom- 
 plete, the vote is rejected by the committee. (2 Peck. 
 52.) 
 
 8. Assessment, " House ;" Poll-Book, " Ground" 
 
 The vote is bad. (2 Peck. 71.)
 
 LA 47 
 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT [AS TO DESCRIPTION 
 
 OF ESTATE] continued. 
 9. Assessment did not describe the property ; the 
 
 vote is good. (2 Peck. 71.) 
 10. Parish, if correct, mistake in township or district, 
 
 variance is immaterial, (2 Lud. 512,) but see contra. 
 
 (Male. 266-7.) 
 11. Description, " Malmsbwy" which was a name 
 
 common to a parish and a town, and the freehold was in 
 
 the town, but not in the parish, fatal, but query. (Male, 
 
 267.) 
 12. If a voter describe in the right hundred, but a 
 
 wrong parish, although the assessment be in the right 
 
 parish, within the same hundred, vote bad. (2 Lud. 509.) 
 13. " House and Land" is not a sufficient description 
 
 for an annuity issuing thereout. (Lud. 503.) 
 14. Rev. Mr. Ball voted for his Prebendal House, 
 
 which he held as a member of the corporation, which was 
 
 repaired out of the common fund, vote rejected, (2 Peck. 
 
 113,) not being a corporation. (Sole.) 
 15. Poll-Book. " Oxford Street." The House re- 
 
 fused to allow evidence of freehold elsewhere. (27 
 
 Journals 22.) 
 16. Collin's Court, Wapping, should have been 
 
 Shadwell, vote bad. (2 Peck. 57.) 
 17. " Saint Giles" is a bad description for a house but 
 
 good as to land. (2 Peck. 54.) 
 
 18." Liberty of the Rolls" sufficient, (ibid.) 
 
 19. " John Street, Sepulchre," instead of Saint John 
 
 Street, good. (2 Peck. 56.) 
 20. Greenfield Street, Whitechapel. Part of this 
 
 street is in Whitechapel and part in Mile-End Old Town, 
 
 and the house in the latter, but very near Whitechapel, 
 
 and as this was the proper name of the street, vote good. 
 
 (Male. 156 158.) 
 21. Freehold partly in two counties, but the name 
 
 of the occupier given in wrong, vote bad. (2 Lud. 510.) 
 22. If variance explained by proving that two places 
 
 adjoin and sometimes called by same name, vote good. 
 
 (2 Lud. 416.) 
 23. Whitechapel High Street, ought to have been 
 
 Whitechapel Road, vote bad, (ibid.)
 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT [AS TO DESCRIPTION 
 OF ESTATE] continued. 
 
 24. Chandos Street. Houses situate in Ship Yard, 
 which is generally called Chandos Street, vote is good, 
 (ibid.) 
 
 25. " Harrow," assessed in Pinner, which is a hamlet 
 
 maintaining its own poor, &c. vote bad, (ibid.) See 
 Hamlet. 
 
 26. Description. If a voter describe it in a right 
 
 hundred, but wrong parish, assessment in rigbt parish 
 but same hundred, vote bad. (Male.) 
 
 27. " House and Land," description : voter precluded 
 
 from supporting it as an annuity issuing thereout. (Ibid.) 
 
 28. Disputed Boundary ; premises stood upon one 
 
 assessed in London, but vote for Middlesex allowed. 
 (Peck. 80.) 
 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT, GENERALLY. 
 
 1. By 20 Geo. III. c. 17. s. 1. six calendar months' 
 
 assessment before the election, to be computed from the 
 day of voting. (3 Doug. 234. 2 Sim. 62. 2 Peck. 
 6390.) 
 
 2. Any person may inspect it, on payment of Is. and 
 
 may have a copy on payment of 6d. for 300 words or 
 figures. 
 
 3. Duplicates of the assessment to be placed on the 
 
 church door. 
 
 4. Books of assessment are no proof of the actual 
 
 value, (2 Peck. 105;) and irregularly kept, being allowed 
 to serve several years, still good evidence. (Peck. 80.) 
 
 5. Entry, " Philip Harrison, poor," he was owner of 
 
 2 cottages ; and though he never paid the land-tax, his 
 vote was held good. 
 
 6. Day Labourer, in possession several years of 2 
 
 cottages, land-tax never collected, vote good. (2 Peck. 
 117. 1 Peck. 506-7-8.) 
 
 7. Evidence of Assessor or Collector, only receivable in 
 
 cases of ambiguity or inconsistency, and not of total omis- 
 sion, (2 Peck. 73, 75.) but' may prove identity, 
 or that the voter was actually intended to be assessed, 
 (2 Lud. 497. 2 Peck. 67.) or a mistake. See Land- 
 tax. Variance.
 
 LA 49 
 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT [GENERALLY] contin. 
 
 , .... 8. Proof of Rate or Redemption. The onus lies on 
 the voter, " he shall shew satisfactorily" (30 G. III.) 
 
 .... 9. Assessed as Charity-land. Two school-masters 
 voted each for " Land and Tylhe," good. (H. C. 137.) 
 
 .... 10. John R. and Edward, two Joint Tenants, but 
 Edward only assessed. John voted and it was bad. 
 Assessment in the name of one Joint Tenant, as occupier, 
 bad ; and therefore neither can vote, but (2 Peck. 78.) 
 
 . . . . 11. If one Joint Tenant is named fls owner, he only 
 can vote. (Male, 152.) 
 
 .... 12. By 20 G. III. c. 17. if one tenant holds premises 
 from different landlords, then the property of each land- 
 lord must be distinctly rated. (H. C. 1 39.) See Annuity, 
 (registering.) 
 
 . . . . 13. Variance in Poll and Assessment. The party sup- 
 porting the vote, must justify it; and if no explanatory 
 evidence is given, vote bad : the assessor or collector may 
 prove that they had made a mistake. (2 Peck. 67.) 
 
 .' . . . 14. Variance in Surname. If they sound the same, 
 the name is considered the same. (2 Peck. 67, 52.) 
 
 . ... 15. Thomas James Jennings gave a vote, but the 
 assessment Thomas only, on evidence of identity, (Male. 
 153.) the vote good. See Contra. (2 Lud. 516. 2 
 Peck. 68.) 
 
 . . . . 16. If no owner is assessed, but the occupier is, which 
 agrees with the poll, the assessment is good, and vice versa. 
 30 G. III. c. 35. Peck 70.) 
 
 . ... 17. Occupier's Christian name omitted or spelt with 
 initials of the owner's name, the vote is good. (Peck 73.) 
 
 . . . . 18. Initials of surname only on the poll, and name at 
 full length in the assessment no objection. (Peck. 70.) 
 See Master of Charter House. 
 
 19. Vote for growrad,but assessed for a house, is bad. 
 
 (2 Peck. 71.) 
 
 . . . . 20. Blank in the assessment for description of the pro- 
 perty, vote is good. (2 Peck. 71.) 
 
 . . . . 21. Assessment (Prior, Sf Co.) Mr. John Gibson 
 proved himself one of the firm, but his vote held bad. 
 (2 Peck. 78.) 
 
 . . . . 22. If any Duplicate is correct, the vote is good, (2 
 
 F
 
 50 LA 
 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT [GENERALLY] contin. 
 Lud. 527, as by 20 G. III. c. 17,) every duplicate is evi- 
 dence, but assessor ought to prove the mistake, and that 
 he meant the right person. (2 Peck. 68.) 
 
 23. Maybe inspected at Clerk of the Peace Office, on 
 
 payment of 6d. and may have copies on payment of 6rf. 
 for every 300 words. (18 G. II. c. 18.) 
 24. If freeholder's name be not in the land-tax assess- 
 ment, or in any other respect, it is incorrect ; he may 
 appeal to the commissioner? or to the quarter-sessions. (20 
 G. III. c. 17.) And the rate shall be altered, and party 
 placed in same state as if properly rated at the first. 
 
 25. If reference hereto refused by the returning officer, 
 
 he will be punished. (2 Peck. 28.) 
 
 26. Assessments correct, but the duplicate to clerk of 
 
 the peace wrong, vote good. (2 Lud. 527.) 
 27. One of the duplicates correct, " Rev. J. William- 
 son," but the assessment and the other duplicate wrong, 
 " John Williams," vote good on proof of identity by 
 assessor. (2 Peck. 68.) 
 
 See Descent. Dower. Borough or Town. Fee Farm 
 
 Rents. First day of Election. 
 
 LAND-TAX ASSESSMENT. (EXEMPTIONS FROM) 
 the necessity of being rated. 
 
 1. Offices, persons voting in right of. (See Offices.) 
 
 2. 3 Geo. III. c. 24, no person shall vote for any 
 
 annuity or rent-charge unless registered with the Clerk of 
 the Peace 12 months before the election. 
 
 3. See Fee-Farm Rents, and Cities and Towns, 
 
 Counties, Schoolmaster voted for a rent-charge out of 
 lands settled upon the rector who appoints him, though 
 the rent-charge was neither assessed nor registered, the 
 " Benefice" itself being duly assessed. 
 
 4. Vicar voted for a stipend received from the im- 
 
 propriator of the great tythes, though not assessed, held 
 good, the impropriator being assessed. 
 
 5. Annuities. It seems to be the better opinion that 
 
 annuities annexed to offices do not require (3 Geo. III. 
 c. 24) to be registered or assessed j provided the land 
 out of which they issue is assessed, the vote is good. 
 
 6. Annuity described in the register as by " Descent' 
 
 when it should have been by " Marriage Settlement," a 
 majority of the committee held it was bad.
 
 LA 51 
 
 LAND TAX ASSESSMENT [EXEMPTIONS FROM] 
 
 continued. 
 
 , 7. If the names of the late owners in the land-tax 
 
 assessment, having died -within two years, it is no objec- 
 tion that the names of the present should be entered. 
 
 8. Annuities or fee-farm rents (if duly registered) 
 
 and issuing out of lands rated or assessed to the land- 
 tax, are specially exempted from the operation of the 
 land-tax assessment. (3 Geo. III. c. 24. 2 Peck. 82, 
 85, 81; 87; 89; 113. See Annuity, 8.) 
 See Benefice, Schoolmaster, Descent, Marriage, Rent, 
 Charge. 
 
 LAND TAX. PURCHASERS OF UNREDEEMED LAND TAX. 
 
 1. Of even a copyhold estate may vote, and by 42 
 
 Geo. III. c. 116, they "shall be deemed to be in the 
 " actual possession of a yearly rent or sum as of fee- 
 " farm rent equal in amount to the land-tax so purchased.' ' 
 
 2. " Copies of the register of contracts good evi- 
 
 " dence, no stamps required for contract, and no occa- 
 " sion for the land-tax being registered as an annuity." 
 
 3. Votes disallowed hereon. (See Peck. 91.) 
 
 4. In counties, votes never questioned, but not so in 
 
 boroughs. (Male. 331.) 
 
 5. Purchasers of the land-tax would greatly extend 
 
 the elective franchise. (I6zc/.) 
 
 6. (By 51 Geo. III. c. 99.) All land-tax not re- 
 deemed by the owners of the estate before 24th June 
 1803, the Commissioners may sell to any other person. 
 
 7. The purchaser thereof shall be entitled to a fee- 
 farm rent thereout equal to the land-tax redeemed, and 
 shall not be compelled to shew that such lands, &c. have 
 been assessed to the land-tax. (Ibid. Male.) 
 
 8. No stamp is necessary on this purchase from ths 
 
 Commissioners ; but quere from the owner 1 
 
 9. Nor shall it be necessary to register the purchase 
 
 like other fee-farm rents, or to produce any certificate 
 thereof. (16.) 
 
 10. Purchasers hereof may vote either for counties, 
 
 cities, or boroughs. (/&.) 
 
 12. No objection has been made at the last two gene 
 
 ral elections against the validity of these votes in coun 
 F 2
 
 52 LA 
 
 LAND TAX [PURCHASERS OF UNREDEEMED 
 
 LAND TAX] continued. 
 
 ties ; but as to boroughs, the question has not been de- 
 termined by the House. (IS.) 
 
 13. The owner of an estate may redeem, but cannot 
 
 purchase his land-tax. (16.) 
 
 14. If he neglect, a stranger may purchase the land- 
 tax, and vote instantly for it as a fee- farm rent. (It.) 
 
 LAND TAX REDEEMED. 1. By 42 Geo. 3. c. 116: 
 " All persons shall be entitled to vote without being com- 
 " pelled to shew that such messuages, &c., have been 
 " assessed to the land tax, upon proving to the satisfaction 
 " of the returning-officer on oath, that such land tax hath 
 " at any time previous to such election been redeemed or 
 " purchased." But query if the contract for redemption 
 is dated after the first day of election, but previous to the 
 vote. 
 
 2. He must also shew his title to the land tax. 
 
 3. A variance of the name of the tenant on the poll is 
 
 immaterial, provided the identity of the premises is 
 proved. (2 Peck. 86.) 
 
 .... . . On proof that it was redeemed at any time " previous 
 
 to such election," good vote without proof of previous 
 assessment, 42 Geo. 3, c. 116. 
 
 5. Doubts have been en?ertained whether the contract 
 
 for redemption must not bear date before \hefirst day of 
 the election, or if it is redeemed before the vote is given, 
 whether it is sufficient ; the latter seems to be the better 
 opinion on analogy to the cases of descent, marriage, &c. 
 
 6. Redemption contract described " belonging to John 
 
 Atkinson, assessed in the name of Richard Atkinson." 
 Objection there is no proof of title from John to Richard. 
 Committee held vote good, (2 Peck. 87.) 
 
 7. Copy of the contract is made evidence by 42 G. 3, 
 
 if signed by proper officer. 
 
 8. The statute, 30 Geo. 3, no vote " unless the land 
 
 " tax shall have been redeemed or purchased any time 
 " before the election." 
 
 LAND TAX PAID BY TENANT shall be added to the 
 rent to make it 40s., but church or poor tax cannot be 
 added. (2 Lud. 475.)
 
 LA LI 53 
 
 LAST DETERMINATION. 1. Of any committee of the 
 House on the right of election, is by statute conclusive, 
 unless appealed against within one year. (28 Geo- 3. 
 c. 52. 2 Geo. 2. c. 24. 4.) and other committees can- 
 not receive evidence to contradict it, but they may to ex- 
 tend and explain it. (3 Doug. 56. H. B. 222. 250.) 
 though if expressed in doubtful terms they may explain it. 
 (Sheph. 109.) 
 
 ...... 2. Subsequent usage cannot alter this. (Corb. Dan. 50.) 
 
 3. So nothing but a new act of Parliament can alter 
 
 the last determination of the committee: even the right of 
 election in burgage tenures is to be decided by the com- 
 mittee. (28 Geo. 3. c. 52.) 
 
 LAWYERS were formerly excluded from becoming- mem- 
 bers by Henry IV. to prevent men of learning from op- 
 posing an extravagant loan. 
 
 LEASEHOLDER FOR YEARS, even for one thousand 
 years, or a life or lives. No freehold and no vote. 
 
 LEGAL EXPENSES no bribery. See Bribery, 16. 
 
 LEGATEES. A. devises his estate to B. in trust, to pay 
 debts and raise legacies for his children. B. refused to 
 take the trust. The legatees entered and received the 
 rents for five years : good vote. (2 Lud. 425.) 
 
 LIBEL. A person convicted thereof may nevertheless, as an 
 elector, petition the House. 
 
 a person convicted of a libel may sit. (1 Peck. 337.) 
 
 LIFE ESTATE of 40s. issuing out of chargeable or free- 
 hold land, is a freehold and good vote, if land tax as- 
 sessed. 
 
 LINCOLN'S INN SOCIETY, BOOKS OF. Not re- 
 ceivable to impeach a voter's title to his freehold. (2 Peck. 
 119.) 
 
 LINCOLN'S INN, MEMBERS OF, having chambers, 
 vote at Middlesex election. 
 
 LISTS OF ALL TOWNS within the wards, laiths, or hun- 
 dreds, by 18 Geo. 2. c. 18. to be furnished by the sheriff' 
 to the candidate, at 2s. each, and the sheriff to cause a 
 copy to be posted in each poll book. 
 
 LIVERYMEN OF LONDON. 1. By 11 Geo. 1. c. 18. 
 
 " no person shall vote for the city who shall not have been 
 
 " (12 calendar months) upon livery before such election, 
 
 " and paid his livery fines, and not received them back, 
 
 F 3
 
 54 LI LU 
 
 LIVERYMEN OF LONDON continued. 
 
 " or any allowance in respect thereof, nor who has within 
 " two years been discharged from paying his rates or 
 " taxes, or received alms within that period." 
 
 LOAN. See Bribery, 9. 
 
 LONDON (CITY OF) ELECTION. 1. Regulated by 11 G. 
 1. c. 18. s. 4. See Liverymen of London. 
 
 2. Poll for election members finishes in seven days, 
 
 exclusive of Sunday. 
 
 ....... 3. Poll in wardmotes three days, exclusive of Sunday. 
 
 4. Poll-books to be sealed each day in the presence of 
 
 the candidates. 
 
 5. Scrutiny if demanded must be granted. 
 
 6. If no scrutiny, then on the day next after the fina 1 
 
 close, the return to be declared. (Male. 192.) 
 
 7. See " Charity" disqualification, if received in two 
 
 years. 
 
 LORDS LIEUTENANT of counties cannot vote, and must 
 not interfere. 
 
 LOSS OF TIME (money paid for.) See Travelling Ex- 
 penses. 
 
 " LOSS OF TIME," money paid for. See Bribery, 22. . 
 
 LUNATICS, unless in a lucid interval cannot vote. (Hale 
 Parl. 116,) and on a member becoming so his seat may 
 be voided. (Grampound). (D. Ewes, 126.) 
 
 LUNATIC may vote at a lucid interval, but the returning- 
 officer ought to examine him with ihe greatest strictness. 
 Member becoming so, his seat is vacated,
 
 55 
 
 M. 
 
 MAGISTRATES. See Riot Act, military 1. Query, whether 
 Magistrates are justified in declining to call in the mili- 
 tary, where the riots cannot be otherwise suppressed. 
 (Male . 120. 1 Peck. 77. 80.) See Interrupting the 
 Election. 
 
 MANORS. Burgages held of no votes. (Male 298.) 
 
 MARRIAGE (during the Election) gives a good vote for pre- 
 mises to which the voter became entitled thereby. (2 Peck. 
 115.) even if the husband received parish relief within 
 the year, the vote is good (1 Peck. 72.) 
 
 MARRIAGE SETTLEMENT. If the husband has no con- 
 trol over the rents, he cannot vote. (Lud. 422.) 
 
 MARRIAGE, or Marriage Settlement 40s. in Land, may 
 vote instantly; even a person married during the election 
 may vote. (2 Peck. 115.) Rev. G. Bailey (See Rent] who 
 was married during the election, was entitled to vote. 
 
 MASTER GENERAL OF THE ORDNANCE. A 
 member does not vacate his seat, on being appointed to 
 this office. (Orme, 272.) 
 
 MASTER OF THE ROLLS may sit in parliament. 
 
 MASTER OF THE CHARTER HOUSE having re- 
 deemed the Land Tax of his house which he held, virtute 
 
 nfficii, good vote. 
 STER ~ 
 
 MASTER IN CHANCERY IN ENGLAND entitled to vote, 
 Office of no vote. (2 Peck 98.) Are Assistants to the 
 House of Lords, and cannot sit in the Commons. (4 Inst. 
 p. 4. 
 
 MAYOR OR BAILIFF for the particular Borough where 
 they are returning officers, cannot sit in the House. 
 (Orme, 259.) 
 
 MAYOR. See Sacrament. See Return. 
 
 MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT. 1. Who cannot be 
 such. See Candidate. 2. Have no privilege (except ar- 
 rest) in actions. 
 
 ...... 3. Were formerly paid by their constituents, a Knight 
 
 of the Shire, 4s. a day ; and a burgess, 2s. a day. 
 
 4. elected for two places, cannot make their Election for
 
 56 ME MI 
 
 MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT continued. 
 
 which place they will sit until 14 days after opening the 
 Session. (Simeon 40.) House of Commons may expel 
 these members, and declare them incompetent, but if re- 
 elected, as in the casa of Lord Cochrane, they may sit. 
 
 ...... 5. Becoming Bankrupt. See Bankrupt. 
 
 6. A Member of Parliament is ineligible for any 
 
 other place, except he vacates his seat. 
 
 7. Not actually in the service at the time of a com- 
 mission being given them by the crown, they vacate their 
 seats, pursuant to 6 Ann, c. 7, 26. See Patent Place. 
 
 8. Reversionary Grant to a Member is no vacation of 
 
 his seat, until he actually accept it. (Orme270.) 
 
 9. Foreign employment as ambassador, 5cc. Accept- 
 ance thereof, does not vacate a seat. (2 Hatsell.) 
 
 10. If elected against his will must serve, and cannot 
 
 avoid his seat, but by not taking the oaths or neglecting 
 to give in his qualification, unless by getting appointed to 
 some office. (1 Doug. 281. Male. 62.) See Bankrupt. 
 
 MEMORIAL, Copy of. See Conveyance, Title Deeds. 
 
 MESSUAGE. Part of. See Joint tenant. 
 
 MILITARY. 1. Secretary at War to order them to remove 
 to at least the distance of two miles from place of Elec- 
 tion oneday at the least before the day of Election, and not 
 to return until one day after the close of the poll,- except in 
 Westminster and Southwark, and all garrison or fortified 
 towns, (Male,) but 
 
 2. Individual soldiers may attend and vote. (Ibid.) 
 
 3. Unless they are removed from the place of elec- 
 tion, the election may be declared void, but they may 
 attend in extreme cases. (Ibid.) 
 
 4. May be called in. In case of riots which are very 
 
 serious. 
 
 5. Some magistrates who had called in the military 
 
 unnecessarily, were reprimanded by the Speaker on their 
 knees in the house. 
 
 6. Their interference at Elections prohibited (8 
 
 G. II. c. 30.) and if so, Elections declared void (4 Jour- 
 nals, 346.) 
 
 MILITIA-MAN. (By 42 G. III. c. 90.) A voter not liable 
 to any penalty or punishment in their absence from their 
 quarters to go to the Election, nor does parish relief to
 
 MI MO. 57 
 
 MILITIA-MAN continued. 
 
 his wife and family in his absence, when on actual ser- 
 vice, disqualify him. 
 
 MINOR. Flintshire Election. Notice was given that Sir 
 Thomas Mostyn, one of the candidates, was a minor; he 
 was nevertheless returned ; the Committee voted his return 
 vexatious, and seated the other candidate. 
 
 MINORS cannot vote or be elected, 7 & 8 W. 3, c. 25. 
 (Peck. 526.) 
 
 MINISTERS OF THE CROWN. See Peers, &c. 
 
 MISTAKE in Poll Book amended. (See Poll Book, Check 
 Book Voter. Improper conduct, or mistake of returning 
 officers. See Land Tax Assessment where avoter tendered 
 his vote for Abbey Hundred, and he was told to go to 
 another booth and did not, but by mistake he thought 
 he had,polled a Committee would not add his name to 
 the poll ; (2 Lud. 420.) though he had a freehold in 
 both booths. 
 
 MONEY receiving given to prevent a vote. See Bribery, 26. 
 
 MONEY distributed after an Election, without any previous 
 promise so to do, is not bribery. (2 Doug. 137. 1 Peck. 
 467.) See Bribery and Travelling Expenses. 
 
 MORAVIANS AND QUAKERS allowed to affirm by 
 22 G. II. c. 30. 
 
 MORTGAGE is no qualification for a member unless he has 
 been mortgagee in possession 7 years (9 Ann, c. 5. s. 5.) 
 
 MORTGAGE paid off by a loan from a third person three 
 months previous to Election without interest, Mort- 
 gagee being then in possession, and after the Election, a 
 new Mortgage was executed to lender for the money and 
 Interest the vote of the Mortgagor held bad, though in 
 possession when he voted. (Male. 296.) 
 
 MORTGAGEE OR TRUSTEE. 1. Cannot rote except 
 in actual possession or in receipt of the rents (7 and 8 
 William III. c. 25,) but a mortgagee or cestui que trust in 
 possession may vote (9 Anne c. 5, s. 4.) 
 
 3. After death of Mortgagor the Mortgagee took 
 
 the estate by parol agreement with the Devisee in lieu of 
 his charge, vote held good. (2 Lud. 440.) 
 
 4. So where the bargain had been made, and pos- 
 session for 12 months held by Mortgagee good, though 
 no conveyance made, or purchase money paid above six 
 months before election. (2 Lud. 540.) See Tiustee.
 
 58 MO 
 
 MORTGAGOR.!. May vote, see 7 and 8 William III. c. 
 s. 7. 
 
 2. But query if the land is mortgaged for more than 
 
 the value ; there are contrary decisions of committees on 
 this point (2 Lud. 450, 471, and 2 Peck 103. 2 Lud. 
 470, 1 Heyw. 148. See 28 Geo. III. c. 36.) 
 
 3. But where the owner incumbered his estate below 
 
 . 100, his qualification to kill game was held to have 
 been defeated. 
 
 4. Even a surrender of the possession and the rents, 
 
 for the purpose of clearing off the principal, will not 
 defeat the mortgagor's nght, if it appears there would 
 be 40s. a year to him. (2 Peck 103). The last determina- 
 tion is against the right of the mortgagor. (2 Peck. 103.) 
 
 5. If the mortgage exceed the value of the particular 
 
 estate for which the tenant votes, and there are other 
 estates mortgaged in the same deed, the rents of which 
 are 40s. beyond the interest, the vote is good. (2 
 Peck. 103.) 
 
 6. Mortgagor in possession cannot vote if the interest 
 
 of his mortgage money reduces the value below 40s. 
 (H. C. p. 94.) 
 
 7. Cannot vote if the interest on the Mortgage 
 
 money reduces the value below 40s. (H. C. p. 94. Male 
 145, Simeon 85. H. C. 143. 147. 150. 18 G. II. c. 18. 
 Burn's Justice, Wetherall v. Hall.) 
 
 8. Mortgagor in possession of the land of the value of 
 
 40s. a year, and the devisee in possession of the lands of 
 the value of 40s. a year, devised subject to the payment 
 of debts and legacies, are entitled to vote. (Male 145.) 
 
 9. On proof before a Committee that the interest upon 
 
 the mortgaged estate, in right of which only the vote was 
 given, reduced the value below 40s. per annum, the 
 vote was bad though the Mortgagor had other eood estates 
 (H. C. 94.1
 
 59 
 
 N. 
 
 NAMES. See Land Tax Assessment Poll Book. 
 NATURALIZED SUBJECT may vote. 
 NAVY OFFICERS. See Army and Navy Officers. 
 NOMINATION OF THE CANDIDATES unnecessary. (3 Lud. 
 
 19.) See opening of the Election. 
 NOMINATING OR RECOMMENDING A CANDIDATE. 
 
 See Cinque Ports. 
 
 NOTICE OF ELECTION in Boroughs. See day of Election. 
 1. If given on a Sunday. The consent of the candidates 
 
 will not cure this or any insufficient notice, but theelection 
 
 will be avoided. 
 " NO FREEHOLD," or No Freehold as described on the 
 
 Poll," good objection. 
 NOTICE OF ELECTION. If not given by the returning 
 
 officer on the proper days, and within the proper hours 
 
 required by Stat. 33, G. III. c. 64, the election void. 
 
 See Day of Election. 
 NOTICE OF DISQUALIFICATION. See Bribery, 1, 
 
 2, 3. 
 NOTORIETY OF MEMBER'S DISQUALIFICATION. Lord 
 
 Manfield says it is tantamount to notice of it, (1 Doug. 
 
 K. B. 398. n. Heyw. Co. El. 537. 

 
 60 
 
 o. 
 
 OATHS AT ELECTIONS. No other oath than what is ex- 
 pressly required, ought, under any circumstances, to be 
 administered. (Male.) 
 
 OATHS (at Elections). If the party whose duty it is to ad- 
 minister them, refuses so to do when required, he may not 
 only be punished by the House of Commons, but indicted 
 at the common law for the misdemeanor. 
 
 OATHS OF ALLEGIANCE AND SUPREMACY, the declara- 
 tion against Popery, and the abjuration oaths, must be 
 taken by every member before he takes his seat in the 
 house, under severe penalties. 
 
 OATHS (of Voters) not more than 12 voters to be sworn at 
 one time, (34 G. III. c. 73.) 
 
 1. All the oaths except the bribery oaths to be taken 
 
 before commissioners. (42 G. III. c. 62; and 43 G. III. 
 c. 74.) 
 
 2. Must be translated if the voter does not understand 
 
 the language. (H. C. 446, and Roe 644.) 
 
 3. Voter must swear he is 21. (30Geo. III.) 
 
 4. None to be administered but those required by law. 
 
 (Glanv. 104, 106, 109 ; and 1 Journals, 708 :) though ad- 
 ministration of illegal oaths, though a misdemeanor, will 
 not void the election. (9 Jour.) 84.) 
 
 5. On Scrutinies general evidence on oath may be given. 
 
 (25 G. III. c. 84.) 
 
 6. Parties refusing to administer the proper oaths pu- 
 nished by the House. (9 Jour. 84.) 
 
 OBJECTED VOTES. 1. Sir Fletcher Norton said, " It is 
 doubtful whether the parties must not consent to voters 
 being received with a query." (33 Journ. 162. 
 
 2. The returning officer reprimanded for striking out the 
 
 disputed votes of one of the candidates without discus- 
 sion. (Ibid.) 
 
 3. Objections hereto discussed after three o'clock on 
 
 the 15th day of the poll ; but, before declaring the num- 
 bers, it is very doubtful whether they can be added to 
 the poll. (2 Peck. 338, 342, 345, 370.)
 
 OB OC 61 
 
 OATHS OF VOTERS continued. 
 
 4. Objections not supported, the returning officer may 
 
 strike them out of the list. (10 Journ. 520. 
 
 5. The returning officer must decide them before he 
 
 declare the final majority (1 Lud. 352,) he cannot 
 strike them out in a lump, and thus turn the balance (Sir 
 Fletcher Norton). 
 
 6. The list must contain for whom tendered (1 Peck 
 
 381396.) See Disputed Votes. 
 
 7. Returning Officer. After a vote is tendered and 
 
 objected to and entered on the poll books, it may be de- 
 cided after the close of the poll on the 15th day, and added 
 to the poll in the presence of the under-sheriffand asses- 
 sor on the proper oaths being taken.* (Male.) 
 
 OBJECTIONS TO VOTES ought to be reduced to 
 
 writing, and mutually interchanged between the agents. 
 They are to be strictly observed, and it is not allowed 
 to the objector to shift his ground. (Glost. 105.) 
 
 2. " No Freeholder of 40s. value," the committee 
 
 held that it might be shewn he had no Freehold. 
 
 3. Objections (written) " No Freehold," " No Free- 
 hold as described on the Poll." Under this an inquiry 
 was not allowed as to 1 year's possession. (2 Peck. 50.) 
 
 4. No Possession for 1 year" Evidence of no free- 
 hold, rejected. (Glost. 115.) 
 
 5. "No Freehold" The voter gave it in as a rent 
 
 reserved. Evidence of a rent charge not allowed. (Glost. 
 121.) 
 
 6. "No Freehold." " No Freehold as described 
 
 on the Poll not duly assessed." Evidence of no freehold 
 in the occupation of the tenant named on the poll rejected. 
 (2 Peck. 50.) 
 
 OCCASIONALLY is of two kinds. 
 
 1st, not legal, but is a parliamentary fraud, by obtaining 
 a right of voting, though sincerely and bonafide, but 
 upon the eve of an election, and for the express and only 
 purpose of voting. 
 
 2nd, a fraud-voting for an illusory or pretended grant. 
 See Burgage Tenures, 5. 
 
 * But where the returning officer refuged after thu close of the poll 
 to decide the reserved votes, the election held good, there being n 
 proof of partial or illegal conduct. (Male.) 
 G
 
 62 OF OR 
 
 OFFICES. Whose emoluments (40s. per annum,) arise out 
 of Land, give a right of voting (Shep. 9.) but if the ap- 
 pointment be only for one year, the vote is bad. (Peck. 88.) 
 2. But no office where the emoluments do not arise 
 put of land, can give a vote where the emoluments arise 
 out of land which is situate in one county, and the 
 office is exercised in another, not entitled to vote in the 
 county where the office is exercised. (See Organist.} 
 
 3. Persons holding them in fee or for life, whether 
 
 they concern lands or not, if rated to the Land Tax, may 
 vote for county members. (H. C. 43, 44.) The land tax 
 as to these offices is only 6 months in counties, but 12 
 months in cities and towns being counties. 
 
 4. Office " during good behaviour," good vote. (See 
 
 " Register of Court of Chancery," " Bacon's Abridg- 
 ment ofBontface" " Annuity or Rent Charge." 
 
 5. Land Tax, or Registry. Persons voting in right 
 
 of offices are exempted from being rated, or the registry, 
 but it lies on the voter to prove the nature of the office 
 and his appointment ; and if appointment for 1 year only, 
 the vote is bad. (2 Peck. 88.) See Parish Clerk. 
 Chancery Sworn Clerk. 
 
 OFFICE. See Bribery. 9. 
 
 OFFICES (New) UNDER THE CROWN, created since 
 1705. Persons holding them, and certain other per- 
 sons mentioned in 6 Ann, c. 7, s. 25, cannot become 
 members. 
 
 OPENING OF THE ELECTION. On the day ap- 
 pointed, between 8 and 11 in the morning, the returning 
 officer after proclamation for persons to give their attend- 
 ance, then proclamation for silence, opens the proceedings 
 by reading the writ or precept ; then he must read or 
 cause to be read, the Bribery Act ; the returning officer 
 must then call upon the electors to name the candidates, 
 and after they are nominated, each candidate may be called 
 upon by the other, or by any two electors, to take the 
 oath of qualification, unless rendered unnecessary by the 
 cases specified Stat. of Ann, c. 5. (See Qualification.') but 
 the question is undecided whether if the candidate take 
 the oath any time before the day when parliament meet, 
 it be not sufficient, or if it must be on the day of election. 
 
 ORGANIST OF A CHURCH IN MIDDLESEX, paid out of lauds
 
 ov PA 63 
 
 ORGANIST continued. 
 
 in Surry, rejected by the committee on the Middlesex 
 
 election. (2 Peck 91.) 
 
 O VERSE ERS. See Scot and Lot, Charity, Relief. 
 OUTLAW may be elected a member. (See Outlawry.) 
 OUTLAWRY in criminal suits disqualifies, but in civil suits 
 
 does not. (Orme 255) Rale's Pad. 169. 113. Journ. 
 
 23 Mar. 1603) (H. C. 219). 
 
 PAPISTS. 1. As they cannot take the oath cannot sit in the 
 House. (30 C. 1 1. 2. c. 1.) but if they do take the oaths 
 they may either sit or vote for members. 
 
 PARISH. Vote in the wrong one. See Voter. 
 
 APOTHECARY. 1. If he attend a voter 
 
 gratis at the request of a private individual, the vote is 
 good. (1 Peck. 508.); but otherwise, if at the-request 
 of the parish officers, (ibid,) see Relief. 
 
 See Poll Clerks. May vote if appointed gene- 
 rally, and not for a limited time. (2 Peck. 107.) He 
 is by the common law an officer, and in for life, with- 
 out deed. (2 Salk. 536.) 
 
 2. Not bound to produce his appointment. (2 
 
 Peck. 133.) 
 
 3. (See Schoolmasters) hold their office generally for 
 
 life ; may vote without being assessed. (2 Peck. 88.) 
 
 Rates. See Scot and Lot. 
 
 Relief. See Relief. Aims. 
 
 PARLIAMENT, to summon, prorogue, and dissolve, the 
 sole prerogative of the King. 
 
 2. Duration of. (4 Edw. 3. c. 14.) Compelled 
 
 the Crown to call a Parliament once at least in every 
 year; and 16 Charles I. it was extended to three 
 years, unless dissolved sooner. Charles the 2d repealed 
 this, but the triennial act was renewed by William
 
 64 PA PK 
 
 PARLIAMENT continued. 
 
 and Mary, 6th year of their reign, and in the 1st Geo. I. 
 it was enlarged to seven years. 
 
 3. The crown must still summon a new Parliament 
 
 within three years from the dissolution of the old. 
 
 4. 49 Hen. III. 1263, is the first date of our 
 
 Parliament meeting. 
 
 5. To continue seven years unless dissolved by the 
 
 crown. 
 
 6. On the demise of the crown must meet imme- 
 diately, and continue six months. 
 
 PARLIAMENTARY TAXES must not be deducted 
 from the rental, to reduce it below 40s. See Right of 
 Voting. 
 
 Reform. 1. Many great and able Statesmen, 
 
 and other men have differed hereon. Judge Blackstone 
 attributes the greatest calamities to Rome, and even 
 the final loss of its liberty, to the confusion which arose 
 in the public elections by indulging too large a number 
 of persons in the participation of the privileges of Roman 
 citizens. 
 
 PAROCHIAL RELIEF. See Charity, Alms Relief. 
 
 Rates must not be deducted from the rental, to reduce 
 
 it below 40s. See Right of Voting. 
 
 PAROL AND OTHER EVIDENCE. It is doubtful whe- 
 ther admissible to correct both poll and check-books, 
 where notice of the mistake was given to the sheriff at the 
 election. (1 Lud. 382,) but see 2 Peck. 52, allowed to 
 explain mistakes. (Glost. 1 39.) 
 
 " PART OF A MESSUAGE." A freeholder gave in this 
 description of his estate, and being a joint-tenant, vote 
 held good. (Male.) 
 
 PATENT PLACE for life out of Great Britain. Accept- 
 ance of by a member, vacates his seat. (Orme, 261.) 
 
 PAUPER. See Alms, Relief ', Charity. Scot and lot. 
 
 PAYMASTER (DEPUTY OF THE ARMY) may be a Member. 
 
 OF THE ARMY'S CLEHK disqualified as a Member. 
 
 PEERS. (Irish) may sit for England, unless elected to sit in 
 the House of Lords. (Roe, p. 72.) but if they do not 
 sit, not to have the privilege of peers, nor to be eligible as 
 peers, nor to vote at the election for peers. (39 and 40. 
 G. 3. c. 67.)
 
 PE 65 
 
 PEERS continued. 
 OR MINISTERS OF THE CROWN. The 
 
 House of Commons have declared (but the Lords have 
 never recognised it) that it is a high infringement of their 
 liberties, for any peer (except Irish peers, when candidates 
 for places in Great Britain) to concern themselves in the 
 election of members of that House. (37. Jour. 507.) 
 
 SCOTCH, (eldest sons of,) cannot sit for places in 
 
 Scotland. (13 & 14 Jour.) 
 
 2. During pleasure or for term of years, cannot sit, 
 
 1 Geo. 1. 2. c. 56. but a pension to the wife does not 
 disqualify. 
 
 Scotch, cannot sit in the House. (39 and 40. Geo. III.) 
 
 PENSIONERS. During pleasure, or for a term of years, 
 cannot become members, (1 Geo. I.) ; but a pension r&- 
 ceived by the wife does not disqualify the husband. 
 (Sheph. 59.) 
 
 PERJURY. Or subornation of perjury ; conviction thereof, 
 disqualifies for ever. (2 Geo. II. c. 24.) 
 
 PERPETUAL CURACY IF SALARY derived out of freehold 
 land, a good vote. (I H. C. 80.) 
 
 PETTY BAG OFFICE (Clerk in,) no vote. (2 Peck. 100.) 
 
 PETITIONS AGAINST THE RETURN. Any per- 
 son claiming a right to vote may petition (28 Geo. III. 
 c. 52) the House in 14 days from the commencement of 
 the Session. (34 Geo. III.) 
 
 2. Yet no Petitioner can give evidence, or be a 
 
 witness in support of it. No one can petition against 
 the member for whom he voted. (1 Peck. 210.) 
 
 3. See Recognizances, Libel. Bribery, 27, 28. 
 
 4. If the petitioner is proved not to be a freeholder, 
 
 there is an end of the petition. (1 Peck. 210) 
 
 5 If the counsel do not state all the facts and objections 
 
 in his opening speech, he is not permitted to prove others. 
 (I. Peck. 388-9.) 
 
 ...... 6. Lists of the Objected Votes, and each particular 
 
 objection to be delivered to the Clerk of the House 
 of Commons 10 days before petition appointed to be 
 heard, for inspection of all parties, and no other objec- 
 tion can be heard. (2 Peck. 45, 46.) 
 
 7. If the Committee report a Petition frivolous or 
 
 o 3
 
 66 PE PO 
 
 PETITIONS AGAINST THE RETURN, continued 
 vexatious, it entitles the opposite party to costs as in the 
 folowing cases. 
 
 8. If the Petitioner bring no evidence, or it fails 
 
 altogether to support the allegations, or the Petition is 
 groundless. 
 
 9. If the sitting Members do not oppose the Petition, 
 
 the Election is declared vexatious, and they are liable to 
 costs. 
 
 10. The costs are taxed by two persons appointed by 
 
 the Speaker, who gives a certificate of the amount thereof, 
 which has the effect of a warrant of attorney to confess 
 judgment. The recognizance is estreated into the Ex- 
 chequer. 
 
 11. Where the costs have been paid by one of the 
 
 parties, he may recover their proportion from the others. 
 
 PLACEMEN in the public offices cannot sit. (15Geo. 2. 
 c. 22. 9. and 22 Geo. 3. c. 45. 1.) 
 
 PLACE OF ELECTION. 1. (Towns) must be within the 
 district, and "if not held in the usual place I think it would 
 be void. (Male.) 
 
 2. (Counties) must be at the same places as held in for 
 
 the last forty years. 
 
 PLANTATIONS. Governors and Deputy Governors dis- 
 qualified as Members. 
 
 POLL Denied to a candidate who was in prison in execu- 
 tion for debf, and members declared duly elected. (2 
 Ba. Abrd. 123. 1 Hatzell, 155. 2 Hatzell, 37. Com. 
 Dig. Parl. D. 9.) 
 
 2. If demand of poll made, and the sheriff attend in 
 
 proper time and place, and no electors come forward in a 
 reasonable time, the demand maybe treated as a nullity, 
 and a return made forthwith. 1 Peck. 77.) 
 
 3. Must be taken by the Sheriff, or in his absence, by 
 
 the under sheriff, or such other persons as the sheriff shall 
 depute as his clerks. (7 and 8. W. 3. c. 25.) 
 
 4. Must be demanded by an elector or candidate at 
 
 any time before the returning officer declares the majority 
 on view, or within a reasonable time afterwards. (Heyw. 
 369. \) and if refused, the election on view is void. 
 (Glanv. 76, 81.) See Returning Officer.
 
 PO 67 
 
 POLL continued. 
 
 .... 5. But when the poll has been -gran ted, he must pro- 
 ceed with it, though the party who demanded it, waive it, 
 otherwise election void. (Glanv. 133, 141.) 
 
 6. If after such demand no votes are tendered, he 
 
 may return according to the view. (ShepL. 71.) 
 , . . . . 7. It must commence by stat. 25. Geo. 3. c. 84, on 
 the day it is demanded or the day after, unless that be 
 Sunday, and continue daily, Sundays excepted. 
 (Sheph. 71.) 
 
 8. Must not be kept open in a county election more 
 
 days than fifteen ; and if so, must open at eight in the 
 morning, and close at three o'clock on the fifteenth day, 
 and then no previous proclamation necessary to close it ; 
 after this the returning officer may make a short adjourn- 
 ment to cast up the numbers. 
 
 9. If returning officer open a poll without a de- 
 mand, he will be punished. (1 Peck. 77.) 
 
 10. Demanded in due time by candidate or elector 
 
 must be granted, or election void, (7 & 8 W. 3. c. 25. 
 1 Journals 724. Glanv. 7 8 Jour. 69.) 
 
 11. Tire returning officer in county elections must 
 
 grant a copy of the poll to any person demanding it, 
 under penalty of 500/. on his paying a reasonable charge. 
 (7 & 8 W. 3. c. 25.) 
 
 12. If a poll is demanded " of the inhabitants" only, 
 
 when it ought to have been of them and the residents, it 
 is a void demand of poll, and election on view good. 
 
 13. Poll must be kept open daily seven hours, 
 
 between eight and four in each day subsequent to the 
 first. (25 Geo. III. and 7 & 8 W. III.) 
 .... 14. If any one poll in a different right from that 
 which gives him the franchise, his name will, on petition, 
 be struck off the poll. 
 
 15. Cloning Ike Poll. Previous to this, the Returning 
 
 Officer, if possible, ought not to allow a single question 
 to be undecided. (1 Heywood, 616.) 
 
 16. When all the electors present have polled, and 
 
 a reasonable time has been allowed for others to come in, 
 the Returning Officer may close it, making three procla- 
 mations to that effect, at short intervals the reasonable
 
 68 PO 
 
 POLL continued. 
 
 time depends upon circumstance? ; it must be closed at 
 or before three o'clock on the last day. (See Returning 
 Officer. 1 Lud. 351. 1 Heyw. 595. Simeon, 163.) 
 
 17. It is generally closed by consent, but if that 
 
 cannot be obtained, the Returning Officer must exercise 
 a sound judgment therein. 
 
 18. When once closed, it cannot be re-opened, even 
 
 when it was improperly closed. (1 Glanv. 71. H. C. 399.) 
 
 POLL BOOK.. It must appear on the poll book that 
 the freehold is of 40s. a year ; for if a voter gives in a 
 deficient freehold, (though he have good ones,) his vote 
 is bad. (2 Lud. 444.) 
 
 2. Sheriff may correct a mistake in it by the check- 
 book, but not obliged to do so unless pointed out in a 
 reasonable time. (H. C. 351. 3 Lud. 376.) See In- 
 sp ecto rs Ide n tily . 
 
 3. Voter allowed to prove a mistake, though both the 
 
 poll and check- book agree. (2 Lud. 410, 499,412, 413.) 
 
 4. See Insufficient FieeJwld. May be altered by the 
 
 poll-clerk if he make a mistake in taking down for a 
 wrong candidate, but this should be done with the ut- 
 most caution and upon very clear evidence, as both the 
 check-books must prove the mistake ; it cannot be altered 
 if the miftake is not discovered during the poll. (Lud. 375. 
 6. Sim. 157. 8. 2 Lud. 404.; 
 
 5. Similarity of Sound having caused a mistake in 
 
 entering the names, it is no objection. (2 Peck. 52.) 
 
 6. In elections for counties, in twenty days after 
 
 election, all poll-books to be delivered on oath to the 
 clerk of the peace. (10 Anne, c. 23. See Sheriff.) 
 
 7. Is the best evidence, but must be authenticated. 
 
 (2 Peck. 270.) must be produced on election Petition, 
 (see Parol. Evidence") Blanks. 
 
 8. Ought to be signed by the Poll CItrk and 
 
 Sheriff each night. 
 
 9. Must be delivered to the Clerk of the Peace 
 
 for the county within twenty days, and he has the legal 
 custody thereof and must produce it. (Male.) 
 
 10. If the Poll-Book be lost, the Check Poll-Book is 
 
 evidence. (Male.)
 
 PO 69 
 
 POLL BOOK continued. 
 
 11 (for Towns) remains with the Town Clerk. Cities 
 
 also. 
 
 POLL CLERKS. Counties, one or more are to be ap- 
 pointed by the sheriff for each booth, and should be 
 sworn (25 G. III. c. 84.) See Borough, or Town 
 Election. 
 
 2 Must not receive votes for any district out of his list, 
 
 unless the place is not mentioned in any list, (18 Geo. 
 II. c. 18.) 
 
 3. In Counties must be sworn at the expense of the 
 
 candidates. (7 & 8 W. 3.) 
 
 4. In boroughs must be sworn at the expense of the 
 
 returning-officer, though if the returning officer refuse 
 to swear them the election is good, but he will be cen- 
 sured. (1 Peck. 506.) 
 
 5. A " Sufficient Number" to be appointed. 
 
 6. If the vote consist " in Rent," the names of the 
 
 owners or possessors of the lands or tenements out of 
 which such rent issue, or some or one of them, and the 
 situation of such lands, &c. must be set down. (7 & 8 
 W. 3.) 
 
 7. If no commissioners for administering the oaths 
 
 be appointed, they may swear the freeholders. (10 Ann, 
 c. 23. 18 Geo. 2. c. 18.) 
 
 8. Of Counties, are not to receive more than one guinea 
 
 per day at county elections to set down the name of 
 each freeholder the situation and nature of his freehold 
 for whom he polls, (7 & 8 Wm. III.) the place of 
 his abode, (10 Ann, c. 23) and to poll no one who is 
 not sworn if required to be sworn by a candidate or his 
 agent, and to enter " jurat or affirmat" against the 
 names of such as are sworn (10 Ann, c, 23.) 
 
 9. Previous to entering on his duties, he must be 
 
 sworn to their faithful discharge, but if (for counties) not 
 sworn, the election is not void. 
 
 POOR RATES. Where a question depends on a voter 
 being rated hereto, a committee will not go into evidence 
 if a reasonable time had elapsed and the voter had not 
 appealed against the rates to the sessions, and taken all 
 legal means of being placed on the rate, or unless some
 
 70 PO 
 
 POOR RATES continued. 
 
 overt act of fraud on the part of the overseers is previ- 
 ously proved. 
 
 2. Tender of payment thereof to the overseer's wife, 
 
 after the poll has commenced, vote is bad. (Sim. 134.) 
 
 3. Tender of payment by voter at the election booth 
 
 table, bad. Overseer neglected to keep his promise 
 
 to call for payment, vote good. (Ld. Raym. 1009.) 
 
 4. A was rated at 8s. and objected to a further sum : 
 
 he paid 7s. 6d. : vote good. (Ibid.} 
 
 5. Private rate, i. e. not made at vestry, legal. (16.) 
 
 6. not paying to, is disqualification. (Male.) See 
 
 Scot and Lot. (Freeman, 13.) 
 .POOR RATES. See Scot and Lot. 
 
 POPISH RECUSANT CONVICT. It has never been 
 decided if he can vote. (H. c. 216.) 
 
 POSSE COMITATUS, may be called out by the sheriff on 
 Election Riots. (13 H. 4. c. 7.) 
 
 POSSESSION (for one year) required by 18 Geo. II. c. 18, 
 s. 1. Actual possession required, or receipt of the rent 
 and profits to his own use above 12 calendar months 
 from the day when he takes the oath and votes. 
 
 2. An adverse possession for 20 years has been, held 
 
 a sufficient title to establish a voter's right. (1 Lud. 199 ) 
 Not being a mortgage, unless the mortgagee has been in 
 possession 7 years. 
 
 ...... 3. (For 34 years.) Rent paid for 10, since which the 
 
 owners not having been heard of, no rent was paid or de- 
 manded, held a good rote. (2 Lud. 425.) See Equitable 
 Freehold Receipt Conveyance. 
 
 2. For twenty years {. e. where an ejectment will not 
 
 touch the voter, is a good vote. 
 
 3. (12 months) both in county elections and elections 
 
 for cities and towns being counties. Heywood thinks it 
 should be reckoned from the day on which the voter 
 takes the oath, and actually gives his votes, and not to the 
 first day of election. (1 Heyw. 168,) but fee Simeon 
 129 n., and 3 Doug. 234, n. e. 
 
 4. Of freeholders entitled to vote for cities and bo- 
 roughs not being counties, they may vote in right of free- 
 holds, conveyed to them at any time however short
 
 PO PR 71 
 
 POOR RATES continued. 
 
 before the election, provided their conveyances are made 
 bona fide, and not fraudulently, on purpose to qualify 
 them to vote, but 
 
 ...... 5. Twenty years adverse possession, good vote for 
 
 possessor only. (2 Fras. 89.) See Purchase Money. 
 
 POST MASTER. The husband of the post-mistress cannot 
 vote, though she was appointed before marriage. (4^ 
 Fras. 558.) 
 
 2. Receives the writ of election by post, and must im- 
 mediately deliver it to the returning officer, and take his 
 receipt of the day and hour when delivered. See Re- 
 turning officer. 
 
 GENERAL. 1. Or other person employed in collecting 
 
 the post office revenue, not entitled to vote; and, by 
 Anne, c. 10. s. 44.) shall not in any manner endeavour 
 to persuade any elector from giving his vote for the 
 choice of any member. See post-master, post-office, 
 guard- (mail) 
 
 POST OFFICE. 1. Any person in, or paid by, cannot vote. 
 (22. G. III. c. 41.) but a sub-deputy for delivering letters, 
 appointed not by the post-master general but with his 
 approbation, may vote. (H. C. 203.) (See Guard of 
 2\lail.) 
 
 POT WALLER. 1. Is a person who furnishes his own 
 diet, whether housekeeper or lodger. It is said that ap- 
 prentices cannot be pot-wallers. (I Doug. 371.) 
 
 2. No person shall vote as such, unless he shall 
 
 have been actually and bonafide an inhabitant paying 
 scot and lot six calendar months previous to the day of 
 election. 
 
 PRECEPT. See Borough and Town Election, 14 to 17. 
 See Indentures of Return. 
 
 2. In Borough and Town Elections to be issued on 
 
 receipt of writ of election, by the sheriff to the returning 
 officer within three days, (7 and 8. W. III.) ; though 
 not required by statute, ought to be directed to the pro- 
 per returning officer, (4 Burr. 2267. 2 Heyw. 47. 1.) 
 but if directed by mistake, to him and others, its validity 
 will not be affected, and when it is returned to the crown- 
 office no parol evidence can be received to impeach it.
 
 72 PR P0 
 
 PRECEPT continued. 
 
 If there be a mistake in the precept another may be sent, 
 &c. See Returning Officer, Sheriff, Borough or Town 
 Election. 
 
 PRESTON BOROUGH. All the inhabitants entitled to 
 vote. (Sheph. 46.) 
 
 PRINCIPAL AND AGENT. In transactions which do 
 not involve any penalty or forfeiture, the principal is 
 bound by the acts of the agent. 
 
 PRISON. Candidate in see Poll. 
 
 PRISONERS IN EXECUTION FOR DEBT in one 
 case declared ineligible to sit, but in two subsequent 
 cases the House came to no decision. (Hale Par. 116. 
 Male 41.) 
 
 PROCLAMATION OF ELECTION. See County Court. 
 must be made between eight in the morning and four in 
 the evening, from 25th of October to 25th of March, and 
 between eight and six the rest of the year. (33 Geo. 3. 
 c. 64.) See Writ. 
 
 As to Boroughs. In the most usual place or places, 
 
 between 8 and 4 from 25 March to 25 October, and 
 between 8 and 6 the rest of the year, (33 Geo. 3. c. 64.) 
 See Notice. 
 
 PROMISE TO GIVE. See Bribery, 9. 
 
 PROMOTION to Office. A party may vote on this imme- 
 diately, where his predecessor had been rated two years. 
 (18 Geo. 2. c. 101. s 2.) 
 
 PROTESTANTS, Foreign. See Foreign P. 
 
 PURCHASER. 1. Executed a bond to permit the former 
 owner to receive the rents during his life ; the purchaser's 
 vote bad. 
 
 PURCHASERS OF LAND TAX. See Land-tax Pur- 
 chasers of Unredeemed Land-tax. 
 
 , Of a 40s. Freehold in burgage tenures only, with the 
 
 avowed purpose of voting a short time previous to the 
 election, cannot vote. 
 
 PURCHASING OF BOROUGHS, &c. Returning mem- 
 bers. 1. By 49 Geo. 3. c. 118. it is made highly penal 
 to enter into pecuniary engagements for procuring the 
 return of a member to Parliament ! !
 
 PU QU 73 
 
 PURCHASE MONEY (unpaid). 1. Where a party con- 
 tracting to buy, be put into possession of the estate (12 
 months), but has no written contract, or legal convey- 
 ance, nor has paid any part of the purchase money, it is 
 doubtful whether the vendor or purchaser must vote. 
 (Male 279. 3 Atk. 273. Brown's Reports, 43, 424.) 
 
 2. (unpaid). But bond given for it, purchaser's vote 
 
 good. (Fowell v. Helis. Male, 280.) 
 
 PURCHASE MONEY. See Receipt for. 
 
 Q. 
 
 QUALIFICATION OF THE CANDIDATE. See Mort- 
 gage. If there be a petition against the member's quali- 
 fication, or any other member require it, he must, within 
 1 5days, give to the clerk of the House of Commons a paper 
 signed by himself, containing the rental and particulars 
 of his land ; and if he have not possessed the estate 3 
 years, he must also state from whom he bought it, or how 
 he claims title thereto ; and also the purchase money, 
 and the names of the witnesses, to his conveyance. 
 
 2. Serjeant Comyn was elected, and openly required 
 
 at the poll-booth to take the oath of qualification ; he 
 refused so to do : and previous to the meeting of parlia- 
 ment refused or neglected so to do. Election declared 
 void. 
 
 3. Lord Mansfield said in a corporation election casp, 
 
 that if the disqualification be notorious it elects the other 
 candidate. 
 
 Sir W. C. Farlie on his election, being required to 
 
 take the oath previous to the poll, refused ; but during the 
 election he agreed for the purchase of an estate, which 
 he paid for by a draft unstamped on his London banker 
 for 8000 and gave a bond for 3000. The contract 
 for sale was in writing, and the title deeds deposited in 
 the hands of a third person, but there was no conveyance 
 
 H
 
 74 QU 
 
 QUALIFICATION OF THE CANDIDATE continued. 
 or possession. Committee held him not qualified, and 
 declared him unduly elected, and that the other candidate 
 was the sitting member. (Corb. Dan. 101.) 
 
 1. For a Knight of the Shire. Must be a freehold 
 
 or copyhold, or life estate in Great Britain or Ireland, of 
 the dear annual value of ,600 (9 Anne, 41 Geo. III. 59 
 Geo. III. 16 Geo. II.) 
 
 2. For a Burgess or Baron of the Cinque Ports. Same 
 
 estate of the clear annual value of 300 not being a 
 mortgage, unless the member has been in po.-session of 
 the mortaged premises 7 years. (Same statutes.) 
 
 ...... 3. No qualification required for eldest sons of a peer., 
 
 (9 Ann) or of a Scotch peer, (Corb. D. 238) or of son of 
 peeress or bishop, (2 Hats. 59) or of son of a person 
 qualified for a knight of the shire, (9 Anne, c. 5) nor for 
 the members for the English universities (41 Geo. III. c. 
 101) nor for the College of *he Holy Trinity, Dublin, 
 (41 Geo. III. c. 101) and the members for Scotland, 
 (32 Geo. -I I.e. 20.) 
 
 .'..... 4. Qualification may be acquired during the poll, 
 (Sim. 42) or at any time before the oath for it be required, 
 though perhaps not after a refusal to take the oath. (See 
 Male or Shepherd.) 
 
 QUALIFICATION OATH. 1. After the candidate has 
 refused to take the oath, the notoriety of s> ch refusal may 
 probably operate as sufficient notice to the electors of his 
 disqualification, and the votes declared "thrown away," 
 andthecandidatenextupon thepoll be declared duly elected 
 by the committee ; but the sheriff cannot, without danger 
 to himself, reject the votes of those electors who chose to 
 poll for him, or refuse to return him in ca^e of a majority. 
 (Hey. 368.) * 
 
 2. Candidate, refusing to take the oath at the election, 
 
 and neglecting so todo before the meetingof parliament, the 
 election is void as to him, (IS Jour. 126 to 129) and next 
 on the poll declared sitting member, (!bsd.) 
 
 QUAKERS may vote. 
 
 QUERIED VOTES. (See Disputed Votes.}
 
 75 
 
 R. 
 
 RECEIPT FOR PURCHASE MONEY, dated the 1st 
 May, indorsed on a contract which was dated 1st January, 
 held that the latter date only should be taken as evidence 
 of possession. 
 
 RECEIPTS for Rent, jalse, to deceive the land-tax assessor. 
 (See Rent 2.) 
 
 RECOGNIZANCES, 1. must be given in 14 days after 
 petition against return presented (28 Geo. III. c. 52.) 
 there are, 2. one in 200L with two sureties to appear be- 
 fore the House and Committee at a time to be named ; 
 the second in WOOL with two sureties in 500/. each, for 
 the payment of petitioners, witnesses, costs, fees of the 
 House, &c. or to the opposing party, unless the petition 
 be withdrawn with leave, or reported, frivolous or 
 vexatious. 
 
 2. Names of sureties to be given to the Clerk of the 
 
 House eight days before the recognizances are entered 
 into, (53 G. III. c. 71) ; if recognizances not entered 
 into, petition discharged. (Ibid.) See Petition. 
 
 RE-CONVEYANCE. 1. By the voter after the election is 
 bad. Heyw. 108-174. See Mortgage Bonds. 
 
 RECORD. Must be produced to prove felony, &c. See 
 felony. 
 
 RECTOR. (See Schoolmaster) 
 
 RECUSANT CONVICT. (POPISH) It is doubtful if he 
 can vote. 
 
 REGISTER OF THE COURT OF CHANCERY. Has 
 no vote in fight of his office, which although for life, is 
 payable entirely by fees. 
 
 RELIEF (Parish) to voters. (See Alma.) Where an occa- 
 sional circumstance affecting numbers induces a parish to 
 grant temporary assistance, the votes are not lost; as, for 
 instance, the small-pox, and the receiving part of the family 
 into the workhouse. 
 
 2. Hey wood doubts whether receiving parish relief 
 
 be a disqualification at a County Election. (H. C. 167.) 
 H 2
 
 76 
 
 BELIEF (PARISH) continued. 
 
 Simeon considers the objection only applies to cities and 
 
 boroughs. Some also assert, whether even in a borough 
 
 election it disqualifies, except in particular boroughs 
 
 where parliament has so declared. 
 .... 3. In land tax assessment. " Philip H. poor," he 
 
 was owner of two small cottages, and land tax nevtr 
 
 paid vote good. See Parish Apothecary's Charity, 
 
 Alms. 
 
 .... 4. To voters given to his in/e, if they live together dis- 
 qualifies him, 18 Jour. 154, but if they live separate it 
 
 is doubted. H. C. 73. Simeon, 89, 1st Ed. Male, 166. 
 
 Philips, 210. 14 Jour. 43. 1 Peck. 71. 
 .... 5. To the family of a militia man, in actual service, 
 
 no disqualification. 
 .... 6. Inoculation at parish expense no disqualification. 
 
 H. C. 175. 
 . . . . 7. Charitable donations by will, annually distributed, 
 
 no disqualification. (1 Peck. 510.) 
 .... 8. But sharing in a charitable gift, distributed at 
 
 Christmas, is. (H. G. 176.) 
 . . . . 9. To militia man's family no disqualification. See 
 
 militia man. 
 .... 10. Must be received within one year previous to 
 
 election. 
 
 . ... 11. At county elections does not disqualify, 166. 
 . ... 12. Sacrament money, receipt no disqualification. 
 
 (H.C. 186.) 
 . ... 13. Money to buy bi ead and clothes, if left by will, no 
 
 relief. (H.C. 189.) 
 
 14 Annual gifts do not disqualify. (H. G. 177.) 
 
 . . . . 15. To Voter's daughter, 40 years old, (a common 
 
 strumpet) committee did not decide. (1 Peck. 204.) 
 . ... 16. Parish officer must give it to the voter, his wife, or 
 child, as relief, and not as charity. Male queries, should 
 
 not an order of sessions be first obtained ? (Male, 291, n.) 
 . ... 17. Wife in the workhouse, but husband paid 2s. a 
 
 week vote is good. 1 Peck. 508. 
 
 . ... 18. A. received relief within a year, but previous to 
 the election, he married a freeman's daughter vote good. 
 
 (1 Peck. 72.)
 
 RE 77 
 
 RELIEF continued. 
 
 19. Sending child to house for small pox vote good . 
 
 2 Fras. 453. 
 
 20. Usage and custom at previous elections in similar 
 
 cases ought to be taken into consideration. 
 
 21. Child in workhouse, father's vote bad. (1 Peck. 
 
 204.) 
 
 RENT. 1. If another person pay the rent for the tenant, 
 though he be rated, and pays the rates, he cannot vote. 
 (2 Fras. 453.) 
 
 2. Paid to the voter by direction of the late owner, 
 
 for more than a year previous to the election, but no 
 conveyance, a good vote. (2 Peck. 106,) but query the 
 date when the late owner ordered the rent so to be paid : 
 if within 12 months, I consider the vote bad. 
 
 2. Must be 40s. per annum, the land-tax only to oe 
 
 deducted. 
 
 RENT. 1. The owner of an estate which came to him BY 
 WILL, never received the rent, but it was paid to another 
 person the owner's vote good, (2 Lud. 431.) If a man 
 covenant not to receive the rent, but to permit others 
 (trustees) to receive it, he cannot vote. (Lud. 422.) 
 
 2. If a voter give a receipt to his tenants for 30 shil- 
 lings per annum rent, for the purpose of deceiving the 
 assessors or parish officers, but actually receive 50 shil- 
 lings, the vote is good. 
 (2 Lud. 448.) See Annual Value, Tenant. 
 
 RENTAL. See Forty Shillings clear (Land Tax.) 
 
 RENT CHARGE. See Annuity, and Annuity Registering, 
 and Evidence, Land Tax. 
 
 RENT-CHARGE. See Fee Farm Rent, Annuity or Rent 
 charge. 
 
 Must be registered, and the land out of which it issues 
 assessed to the land tax. 2 Peck 82, except see School- 
 master and Tythes. 
 
 RENTS (no) If lands above 40s. value are let to a person 
 
 for life, reserving no rent, or less than 40s. by the year, 
 
 the owner cannot vote during that term ; but if he lets 
 
 those lands only for a term of years, without any rent, or 
 
 H 3
 
 78 RE 
 
 RENT continued. 
 
 under 40s., he may vote in respect of the freehold re- 
 maining in him. 
 
 RENTS AND ANNUITIES for Life may be voted for, 
 if registered with clerk of the peace. 
 
 RENTS, TYTHES, &c. By 12 Anne the clergy are 
 clearly entitled to vote for them. (See Tythes.) 
 
 REPAIRS, (EXPENSE OF) cannot be deducted from the 
 rental to reduce it below 40s. (2 Lud. 448.) 
 
 RESERVED RENTS. See Fee Farm rents. 
 
 RESIDENCE. 1. It is very difficult to draw the line be- 
 tween " real and colourable residences," or in a parlia- 
 mentary sense, " occasional" residences. 
 
 2. Description '| Princes Street," where the voter 
 
 had a shop, but slept elsewhere, the vote wa$ bad. 
 So also " London," bad, if objected to at the poll. (2 
 Peck. 53.) 
 
 3. Oath of. 1. In boroughs must be taken by 
 
 the voter if required. , place of my abode 
 
 " Durham, and also in West-Street, Harwich," good 
 description, (l Peck. 390.) 
 
 4. Must be bona fide., not colorable. 1 Peck. 
 
 273. 5 T. R. 466. 6 T. H. 560. Or in a parlia- 
 mentary phrase " occasional." (I Peck. 389.) 
 
 RESOLUTION OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 
 " That such an individual is ineligible, whether this ren- 
 ders him so is doubtful, though in Wilks's case the House 
 carried it :" it was afterwards expunged from the Journals, 
 as subversive of the right of all the electors in the king- 
 dom. 
 
 RETURN of the Precept must be in six days, even 
 
 x though a scrutiny be pending. (See Indentures of 
 Return.} 
 
 RETURN. 1. On anew writ must be made \nfourteen days. 
 (10 & 11 W. III. c. 7.) 
 
 2. Defective in form, if made by the proper officer is 
 good. (Orme, 103.) 
 
 3. By an officer de facto, good. (2 Heyw. 62, 63.) 
 See Double Return. Special Retui-n. 
 
 Amendment of, now made by Clerk of the Crown. 
 .(I Doug. 80)
 
 RE 79 
 
 RETURN. 1. The return is to be made by him to whom 
 the writ or precept of election is directed ; but it must 
 be properly directed. (Heyw. 1st ed. 57. Roe, 439.) 
 
 2. Persons de facto executing the office of returning 
 
 officer will be supported by the House. (H. Black. 130.) 
 
 3. Mayor reported " an intruder," but election, ne- 
 vertheless, held good. (1 Journ. 798. 
 
 4. If a party having no authority wilfully act as the 
 
 returning officer, the election held good, but the party 
 and the proper officer punished. (Male, 85.) 
 
 5. Return made by the proper officer and other per- 
 sons is good. (1 Peck. 406, 421, 432.) 
 
 6. If Returning officer declining or incapable of 
 
 acting, vote before a constable or even before private 
 persons, good. (Roe, 449) ; but see contra, 30 Jour. 456, 
 466, 595. 
 
 7. So in case of riot, and returning officer thereby 
 
 prevented. (1 Doug. 293-9.) 
 
 8. In case of two persons pretending to be returning 
 
 officers, there must be a protest and notice by the proper 
 officer, of the illegality, or election good. (Roe, 453.) 
 
 9. " Late mayor" and the present mayor, both pro- 
 ceeded to elections, and the latter's election good. (24 
 Jour. 13. 17. 18.) 
 
 10. In case of vacancy before precept issue of the 
 
 office of returning officer, any elector may act, (Glanv. 
 37); but if it happen after precept, the House has come 
 to no decision. (Male, 89.) 
 
 11. Good in substance, but void for want of form. 
 
 (Glanv. 37.) 
 
 See Qualification Oath, Return, Notice of Election. 
 
 RETURN (DOUBLK.) 1. See double return scrutiny. 
 
 RETURNING MEMBERS. See Purchasing Boroughs. 
 
 RETURNING OFFICER. See Sheriff, Booths, Commis- 
 sioners, Post iM aster, Day of Election. 
 
 2. Must take the oath against bribery, (2 Geo.TI.) and 
 
 read the Bribery Act on opening the election, (2 Geo. II.) 
 
 3. If the precept have been delivered to an improper 
 
 person, the legal returning officer may nevertheless pro- 
 ceed to the election, and his return is good. (2 Heyw. 
 130.) 
 
 4. His deviation from any of the regulations ap-
 
 80 RE 
 
 RETURNING OFFICER continued. 
 
 pointed by statute, though censurable by the House, does 
 
 not generally void the election. 
 
 See Opening the Election. Nomination. Candidates. 
 
 Poll. Disputed Votes. Poll Clerks. Examination. 
 
 Land-Tax Assessment. Improper Conduct, or Mistake. 
 
 Idiot. 
 
 5. During the election, the returning officer is to hear 
 
 arguments upon, and admit or reject the disputed votes. 
 (2 Peck. 28.) 
 
 6. The punishment of the Hoiise follows a partial 
 
 exercise of his duty ; such as, 
 
 r 7. Wilful and corrupt admission or rejection of votes, 
 
 in favour of either candidate. (2 Peck. 28.) 
 
 8. He will be punished for denying the opposite party 
 
 the right of examination. (2 Peck. 28.) 
 
 9. Or of refusing a reference to the assessment of the 
 
 Land-tax to try the validity of a disputed vote. (2 Peck. 
 28.) 
 
 10. Or for opening a poll without any demand to give 
 
 time for another candidate to appear. (1 Peck. 77.) 
 
 11. His conduct both before and after the election 
 
 will be enquired into by the House, (1 Peck. 74.) 
 
 12. For refusing to administer the oath of abjuration 
 the House committed him to Newgate. 
 
 13. He should receive or reject votes according to the 
 
 last determination of the Hou?e, (2 Fras. 144. 28 Geo. 
 III. c. 52,) if any last determination; if not, according 
 to the usage of the place. (Glanv. 107, 142. Brady, 
 127, 164.) 
 
 14. Where he has any doubts he may reserve hi de- 
 cision or hearing until the close of the poll, or a reason- 
 able time afterwards, on marking the objected votes, 
 (2 Peck. 138) : but see POLL, Close of. 
 
 15. Must not as sheriff execute his office for two years 
 
 successively, penalty 100/. (9 Ann ) 
 
 .... 16. Has no casting vote except by charter or custom. 
 "(See Poll.} (Glanv. 21. 1 Lud. 77.) 
 
 17. On the close of the poll, or the day after, he 
 
 must fairly and publicly declare the names of those who 
 have been chosen, unless a scrutiny be demanded, (see 
 Scrutiny) and forthwith make a return.
 
 RE 81 
 
 RETURNING OFFICER continued. 
 
 18. Need not be an elector. (Male, 74.) 
 
 19. Is allowed to appear by one counsel before an 
 
 election committee to delend himself when charged. 
 
 20. The House of Commons is very jealous of trust- 
 ing the returning officer with the power of judging of the 
 ability or disability of the candidate. 
 
 .21. He must decide the objected votes before he de- 
 clares the final majority. 
 
 22. The sheriff of Denbighshire declared the numbers 
 
 to be in favour of Sir W. Wynne, but refused to make 
 the return until he had looked over his notes, and after- 
 wards he privately struck off a number of Sir William's 
 votes, some of which he had not queried at the poll ; 
 he then returned Mr. Middleton. Held by a Committee 
 that Sir Watkin was entitled, and the sheriff was co n- 
 mitted to Newgale. The House also addres-red the 
 Crown to remove him from a valuable office, and a 
 magistrate's commission of the peace, 
 
 23. Previous to making his return, he may or may 
 
 not include the disputed votes, provided both parties have 
 not an equal number of undecided votes. (Male.) 
 
 24. If the parties neglect to make any of the disputed 
 
 or queried votes good, he may strike such of tht-m off the 
 poll ; and the person having the majority of vo r es, not 
 queried, returned and held duly elected. 
 
 25. May vote. 
 
 26. After he has once admitted a vote as good, and 
 
 it is not c|ueried, he is bound so to consider it, unless on 
 a scrutiny. 
 .... 27. Has no casting voice on an equality of numbers. 
 
 28. Action lies against him if he improperly and 
 
 maliciously reject a vote, (Male, 178. 2 Lud. 448. n. 
 Hey. Bo. El.' 328.) 
 
 29. Ladies of manors in some ca?es returning officers. 
 
 30. Cannot be returned as member for his own juris- 
 diction. (Orme, 259.) 
 
 . . . . 31. IMay close the Poll without deciding the disputed 
 votes, if he be not guilty of partiality. (1 Peck. 287.) 
 See Boroughs and Too: us. 
 
 32. If he wilfull) misconduct himself in making kin 
 
 return, may be sued in double damages by the p.irty
 
 82 RE 
 
 RETURNING OFFICER continued. 
 
 aggrieved. (Stat. 5 R. II. ; 11 H. IV. ; 8 H. VI. ; 23 
 H. VI.; 11 W. III.; 25 G. II f. c, 84.) Or for wilfully 
 and unlawfully granting a scrutiny. (1 Heyw. 655.) 
 
 33. Fees. No returning officer shall give or take 
 
 any fee for making out receipt, delivery, return, or exe- 
 cution of writ on precept of election. See Sacrament. 
 
 34 Changed pending election, his successor may act. 
 
 (1 Doug. 138) 
 
 35. When no more than the two candidates required 
 
 to be elected, the returning officer will be censured if he 
 do not return them forthwith, and not wait for others. 
 (1 Peck. 7780. Roe, 569.) See Borough and Town 
 Election. 
 
 36. To provide, at his own expense, a number of 
 
 printed forms of declaration of fidelity, and certificates 
 of the oaths being taken by the voters. 34 George III. 
 c. 73. 
 
 37. Not bound to swear a freeholder as to his qua- 
 lification unless required. (Male 111.) 
 
 38. A person presuming to act as returning officer is 
 
 guilty of a misdemeanor, but election is good. Male 223. 
 
 RETURNING OFFICER. See Day of Election, (Borough 
 
 or Town) Idiots Improper Conduct or Mistake. 1. On 
 
 opening election should take and subscribe the oath 
 
 against bribery before a justice of peace of the county, 
 
 at a county election, or of borough, if a borough election, 
 
 or in the justice's absence, then of any 3 electors present. 
 
 RETURNING OFFICERS OF ALL COUNTIES, 
 
 CITIES, and BOROUGHS. See Male, Ixxxii. 
 REVENUE OFFICERS, with some exceptions, cannot sit 
 in the House. (5 W. & M. c. 7 j 11 & 12 W. 111. c. 9; 
 41 Geo. III. c. 52 ) 
 
 REVERSION OR REMAINDER, a person seized of a 
 
 freehold interest, though only in reversion or remainder, 
 if he rectives 40s. rent from it in possession may vote, 
 H. C. fjl ; but if lands above 40s. value are let to a 
 person for life, reserving no rent, or less than 40s. the 
 grantor cannot vote, but if he lets such land.* only for a 
 term of years, without any rent, or under 40s. he may 
 vote in respect of the freehold in lieu. (Male 147.) 
 REWARD, receiving, &c. See Bribery, 9.
 
 RI 83 
 
 RIGHT OF ELECTION, if mistaken, and though there 
 be no competitor, if the electors petition against the re- 
 turn it may be avoided. 
 
 WIGHT OF ELECTION (UNCP.RTAIN.) See double return. 
 
 RIGHT OF VOTING. For Counties. Freehold estate 
 in the county of the clear yearly value of 40s. above the 
 land tax (2 Lud. 476) all rents and charges but not above 
 taxes payable thereout, of which he must have been in 
 possession 12 calendar months before the election, unless 
 obtained within that time by descent, marriage, or pro- 
 motion to a benefice or office, and assessed to land lax, 
 6 months previous to election. (1 8 Geo. III. c. 18, s. 6.) 
 No Parliamentary or \ ublic tax, county church parish 
 rate, or duty, or any tax rate, or assessment whatso- 
 ever, shall be constituted a CHARGE of any freeholder's estate, 
 or be within the meaning of the freeholder's oath. Nor 
 are parochial taxes, (2 Lud. 475) or house and window 
 tax, (2 Lud. 47G) to be deducted, or any annual sum 
 to be laid out in repairs. (2 Lud. 448.) 
 
 RIGHT OF VOTING depends upon particular qualifications 
 according to the different places for which it is exercised. 
 1. Freeholders. 2. Leaseholders. 3. Copyholders. 4. 
 Burgage tenants. .5. Corporate privileges. 6. Inhabi- 
 tants paying scot and lot 7 Inhabitant house keepers. 
 8. Inhabitants, householders resident. 9. Inhabitants. 
 These 6, 7, and 8, must be resident inhabitants in the 
 borough 6 months previous to the day of voting. 
 
 RIOTS. 1. On commencement of riots, the justices of the 
 peace and sheriff to call out the posse comitatus, and if 
 the riots be carried on to a great extent, accompanied 
 with personal intimidation, will void the election. 
 (Orme, 1 8. 1 Peck. 77 1 Doug. 298. 32 Jour. 95.) 
 A new writ will be ordered, and the Attorney-General 
 to prosecute. 
 
 2. If the House of Commons be sitting, it is the duty 
 
 of the sheriff immediately to claim its protection, and 
 the rioters will be ordered into cfjstody. 
 
 3. The Riot Act may be read at elections if the riots 
 
 are serious, but it must not be unnecessarily read. 
 
 4. Proclamation againrt Riots, read during the election 
 
 by a person who had no legal authority so to do, the 
 House committed him to Newgate. (See Special Return.)
 
 84 
 
 RIOTS continued. 
 5. Persons committing riots at elections, ordered by 
 
 the House into custody. (20 Jour. 60. 2 Peck. 382, c. 5 ) 
 ... 6. Sheriff, Under Sheriff, and posse Comitatus, to 
 
 suppress riots, and commit rioters on view, and record 
 
 conviction, which is sufficient evidence. 13 H. IV. c. 7. 
 .... 7. " Any one" may interfere to suppress them. (Glanv. 
 
 141, 143) See Hiot Act. Military. Magistrates. 
 .... 8. Election not void on account of riots, unless the 
 
 proceedings be really interrupted. 10 Jour. 254. 
 
 RIOT ACT. 1. If election riots be very serious, it may be 
 r- ad by any one Justice of the Peace, or the Sheriff, 
 Under Sheriff, Mayor, Bailiff, or other head Officer, 
 who may command the dispersion by Proclamation, and 
 if the mob continue together one hour afterwards, it is 
 felony, without benefit of Clergy. 1 Geo. I. c. 5. s. 1. 
 
 2. Persons opposing by force the reading, also 
 
 felons. (Ibid. s. 5 ) 
 
 Must not be read unnecessarily. (20 Jour. 622.) 
 Record must be produced to prove felony. See Felony. 
 
 S. 
 
 SACRAMENT (of our Lord's Supper.) Committee re- 
 ported election void, on the mayor's not having taken the 
 Sacrament within one year before the election, but House 
 of Commons held the election good. (8 Journ. 673-4.) 
 
 SALARY (Clergyman's) see Tithes, Great. 
 
 SCHOOLMASTERS. See land tax. 1. [f liable to re- 
 moval, cannot vote. (2 Lud. 501.) nor if their appoint- 
 ments are for a ce'rtain time. (Shep. 10.) 
 
 2. AND PARISH CLERKS, generally holding their places 
 
 for life, may vote. 
 
 3. Masters of public schools are always presumed to 
 
 be appointed for life, and may vote unless the contrary 
 appears. K. C. 80. Male 149.
 
 sc 85 
 
 SCHOOLMASTERS continued. 
 
 4. Two schoolmasters voted each for " Land and 
 
 Tithe;" it was assessed as "Charity Land," and vote 
 held good. (H. C. 137.) 
 
 5. Voted for a rent charge issuing out of lands set- 
 tled on the rector who appointed him, though the rent 
 charge was neither assessed or registered, but the benefice 
 itself was assessed, vote good. 2 Cud. 431. 
 SCOT AND LOT, means parish taxes or parish pay- 
 ments, (3 Doug. 129.) that is paying the " Parochial 
 taxes," and rated to the poor. 
 
 2. Actually assessment thereto is not necessary, if 
 
 the voter has used due diligence to get his name inserted, 
 and that may be shewed by an appeal against the rate, 
 but that appeal is not always necessary, if there is fraud. 
 (1 Peck. 482. 3 Lud. 58. 87. 3 Doug.) 
 3. Persons rated, and the rate legally (written or per- 
 sonally) demanded and not paid before the Election, 
 are disqualified, but a demand on the wife bad, except 
 she generally paid Scot and Lot, rates and Taxes (Corb. 
 Dan. 167.) 
 
 4. Where no pour rates, a church rate is evidence of 
 
 Scot and Lot. 
 
 5. Payment of rates, after a vote has been tendered 
 
 and rejected for non-payment, entitles to vote. 
 
 6. Administrator, as such not entitled to vote. 
 
 7. Inhabitant, as such, occasionally sleeping in the 
 
 Borough, is suflicient. (Corb. Dan. 225.) 
 
 8. Demand and refusal to pay rates ought to be 
 
 clearly made out. 
 
 9. Demand must be personal, or 
 
 10. Written paper left at the house, and subsequent 
 
 non-payment held a " refusal," (Corb. D. 167.) 
 
 11. Refusal no disqualification, if the parish owe the 
 
 voter money, though not to the extent of the rates, and 
 that reason given. (Corb. Dan. 167.) 
 
 12. Rated also for other property not in his posses- 
 sion, and notice of appeal therefore given, no disqualifi- 
 cation, (ibid.) 
 
 13. Kates compounded for by the landlord, ihe tenant 
 
 is disqualified. Male. 
 
 I
 
 86 sc 
 
 SCOT AND LOT continued. 
 
 ....... 14. Rent of the house paid by a master for his ser- 
 vant, who was rated and paid the rates, the vote is bad. 
 (2 Fras. 453.) 
 
 15. Administrator entitled to leasehold, which he 
 
 permitted another to live -in, has no vote. (Corb. Dan. 
 225.) 
 
 16. Parish rate, if persons improperly admitted, they 
 
 will be struck from the poll ; improperly omitted, be added 
 to it, though not appealed against. (Philips, 273. Orme, 
 245.) 
 
 17. Rate informal, but not fraudulent, is good evi- 
 dence. 6 T. R. 580. 1 Douglas 126: 2 Peck. 394. 
 (Corb. Dan. 1 34.) 
 
 18. Christian name mistake in the rate is fatal. (2 
 
 Peck. 395.) 
 
 19. An Appeal against the poor rate not always 
 
 necessary to maintain the franchise. 2 Doug. 393. 
 3 Doug. 89 140. Strange 1259. Peck. 583. 1 Lud. 81. 
 
 20. Rated to the poor alone is sufficient to make 
 
 this sort of voter, although at the time of the election he 
 had not paid the rates, provided they had never been 
 legally demanded. (Corb. Dan. 267) 2 Doug. 396. 
 
 1 Peck. 108. 
 
 _ .... 21. If rate is illegal and the rate is paid, the vote is 
 
 still good. (1 Doug. 109.) 
 22. Whether appeal against the rate confirmed is 
 
 conclusive or not against him, there are contrary decisions. 
 
 Corb. Dan. 143, 168, 3 Doug. 147. 
 23. A person rated and excused at his own request 
 
 from paying, still a good vote. (I Peck. 507, 8.) 
 ...... 24. Demand and refusal to pay a rate which was 
 
 subsequently quashed, is a disqualification. Corb. 143, 
 
 168 n. 
 25. Voter rated in a wrong Christian name rejected. 
 
 2 Peck. 395. 
 
 "-26. It is unsettled whether overseer is compelled to 
 
 produce the rates at the election. 2 Peck. 166. 
 
 27. If a party entitled to be rated is not, it must 
 
 appear he has used due diligence to procure his name 
 being inserted. 1 Peck. 182.
 
 sc 87 
 
 SCOT AND LOT continued. 
 
 28. Pauper cannot be a scot and lot elector. Male, 
 
 295. 
 
 29. Voter with no property, but rated 5 years, vote 
 
 good. 1 Peck. 484. 2 Peck. 394. 
 
 30. Residence 6 calendar months previous to the day 
 
 of election at which he shall tender his vote is sufficient. 
 26 G. III. c. 100. (Except by descent, devise, marriage.) 
 
 SCOTCH JUDGES AND BARONS OF EXCHEQUER. 
 See Judges. 
 
 SCOTCH MEMBERS. No qualification required from*. 
 (33 G. II. c. 20.) 
 
 SCOTCH PEERS. 1. The eldest sons of, cannot represent 
 any place in Scotland. (3 Lud. 315) but they may sit for 
 any other place, even without a qualification. 
 
 SCOTCH PEERS, ELDEST SONS OF, require no qua- 
 lification for England. (Male 61.) 
 
 SCRUTINY. If the returning officer proceed to a scru- 
 tiny he cannot do it after proclamation of the majority, 
 without adjournment, on pain of commitment. (Journ. 
 17, p. 73. 
 
 2. Affirmations hereon. Hey wood thinks the return- 
 ing officer has no power to take them, (H. C. 421.) 
 but see Male, contra, 219. Geo. II. c. 30. 
 
 ...... 3. Witnesses cannot be compelled to attend or per- 
 sons examined without their consent. (Heyw. 640.) 
 
 4. Must be finished when parliament is sitting in 
 
 30 days from the issuing of the writ when it is returnable, 
 and on a general election on or before the return. (H. C. 
 455. 25 G. III. c. 84.) 
 
 5. Scrutiny not finished in time, and the sheriff make 
 
 a double return, no censure. (27 Jour. 17. 22.) 
 
 6. In cities a true list of votes disallowed to be given 
 
 by returning officers under their hands to any candidate, 
 demanding same within six days after demand, and 
 paying same. (11 G. I. c. 18.) 
 
 7. Must be demanded of the returning officer 
 
 when the numbers are declared, or immediately there- 
 upon, (Male, 2l8) by a candidate, or any two electors. 
 
 8. When made of the sheriff he need not comply 
 
 except " he deems it necessary." The words in the Act 
 i 2
 
 SCRUTINY continued. 
 
 (25 Geo. III. c. 84,) give him a discretionary power, but 
 
 which he must exercise discreetly according to justice. 
 9. But only in London the returning officers must 
 
 comply with the demand. 
 10. Action lays against returning officers for wilfully 
 
 and unlawfully granting a scrutiny. (1 Heyw. 655) 
 11. Begun but not finished, a double return must be 
 
 made. (2 Peck. 378.) 
 
 12. General evidence on oath by all parties consent- 
 ing, may be given hereon. 25 Geo. III. c. 84. 
 13. May be granted by a Mayor. Perjury on oaths 
 
 taken there, 25 Geo. III. c. 84. 
 14. Votes thereon to be decided alternately (25 
 
 Geo. III. c. 84.) 
 ...... 15. Must be finished in a county previous to the 
 
 return of writ, and in a borough six days before such 
 
 return. (25 Geo. HI. c. 84.) 
 16. If parliament be sitting the scrutiny must be 
 
 finished in 30 days after the close of the poll, (ibid.) 
 SEAMEN. See Foreign Seamen. 
 SEAT IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 1. After 
 
 the election, and before the member take his seat, each 
 
 member requiring a qualification by estate, must deliver 
 
 to the clerk, at the table of the house, a paper signed by 
 
 himself, containing a description of the situation of his 
 
 estate, and there take and subscribe an oath of it< 
 
 value. 
 
 SECURITY. See Bribery. 9. 
 SETTLEMENT. By 35 G. HI. c. 101, no person shall 
 
 gain one by paying taxes for a tenement under 10 
 
 annual value. 
 2. But if " stock in trade" is rated, to however small 
 
 an amount, a settlement is gained under 3 & 4 W. & M. 
 
 c. 11. (2 Peck. 251.) 
 SEXTON. If elected generally cannot vote, but if he 
 
 prove that \\i was elected for life, or the office is for life, 
 
 he may. (2 Peck. 91.) 
 SHERIFF. Is both a ministerial and judicial officer in 
 
 some cases ; must provide proper booth-, &c. and places 
 
 for taking the oaths, at the expence of the candidates.
 
 SH 89 
 
 SHERIFF continued. 
 
 2. A candidate. Notice given at the election he was 
 
 so yet he was returned, but it was held a void election. 
 
 , 3. Of a county at large, may be elected for a town 
 
 being a county of itself. (4 Doug. 87.) 
 
 4. He cannot be criminally affected by acts of the 
 
 Under Sheriff in his absence. (2 Peck. 33.) 
 
 5. On receipt of the writ of election, he should in- 
 dorse the day and hour of receiving it, (7 & 8. W. III. 
 53 G. III. c. 89. 23 Hen. 6, c. 14.) and give a receipt 
 specifying the same; then immediately make out pre- 
 cepts, and within three days after cause them to be de- 
 livered to the proper returning officers without fee. (same 
 statutes, see Precept. County Court. 
 
 6. If the sheriff delivers the Precept to other than the 
 
 proper returning officer, he is liable to be punished by the 
 House. (2 Heyw. 65, 66.) See Southampton Case. 
 
 7. \iayexaminevotersonoath. 
 
 8. If none of the candidates require booths to be 
 
 erected three days before the election, and the contest 
 comes upon the Sheriff by surprise, he is not empowered 
 to erect booths at the expense of the candidates, but must 
 take the poll in some open or public place, as by 7 & 8 
 W. 3. 
 
 9. If Sheriff dies, the election in counties must still 
 
 proceed by the Under Sheriff, (3 G. I. c. 15'.) but it is 
 doubtful if this applies to the Sheriff of Cities. (Male. 78.) 
 
 10. If Sheriff' dies after the Mayor has received the 
 
 precept, the return to be made to new Sheriff. (H. Black. 
 67.) 
 
 11. May vote, but cannot give a casting vote. (H. C. 
 
 % 205. 1 Doug.) 
 
 12. Delivering precept to any other than the proper 
 
 returning officer in Boroughs, the sheriff will be commit- 
 ted. (2 Peck. 330.) 
 
 13. Musi pronounce on the nomination, which can- 
 didate hath most shew of hands or voices. (H. C. 235.) 
 See Qualification Oath Svh Sheriff. 
 
 SHEWOF HANDS On nomination. See Sheriff. 
 
 SHOP OR STALL. No house, except used as a dwel- 
 ling. (2 Fras. 449.) 
 
 I 3
 
 90 si so. 
 
 SIX CLERK, or SIXTY CLERK, CHANCERY. 
 
 Office no vote. (2 Peck. 99.) 
 SMUGGLERS may vote. (H. C. 226.) 
 SOLDIERS. Individual soldiers or officers may attend 
 and vote at elections. 8 G. II. c. 30. 
 
 2. See Military fortified towns. 
 
 SPEAKER'S WARRANT issues for the election when a 
 vacancy occurs during the sitting of parliament. (2 Hats. 
 233. 
 
 SPECIAL RETURN. May be made under particular 
 circumstances, as a riotous obstruction. (2 Peck. 383.) 
 ' but the necessity must be very apparent to justify this. 
 (Coventry, Philips.) 
 
 SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE. See Contract. 
 
 SPLITTING ACT. By 7 and 8 W. III. c. 25, s. 2-7, and 
 53 Geo. III. c. 49, all conveyances and wills, in order to 
 multiplying voices or to split or divide the interest in any 
 house or lands among several persons, to enable them to 
 vote, are declared void, but the grantee may hold, and 
 there shall be no more than one vote for one and the same 
 house or tenement ; nevertheless, the practice of splitting 
 votes is generally done, except in cases of Burgage Tenure. 
 In practice there is no general rule on this point, (1 Heyw. 
 159.) and these transactions are presumed fair until the 
 contrary (i. e. fraud) is proved. 
 
 2. A bona fide transaction, however short date, before 
 
 the election, i. e. if not intended to multiply voices, not 
 within this Act. (16 Journ. 52.) 
 
 .... 3. The " Intention 11 of the party is the rule to con- 
 strue this act, (Male, 286) see Burgage Tenures. 
 
 4. This act is scarcely ever supported, as a most 
 
 fraudulent case must be proved to bring a voter within it. 
 
 , 5. Occasional conveyances are not illegal, 1 Doug. 
 
 209. (1 Peck. 313, 362, 340, 345.) H. C. 103. 1 Peck. 
 311. See Male, 161. 
 
 SOCAGE. (Tenure in.) See Burgage Tenants. 
 
 SOLICITOR. See Counsel. 
 
 SOUTHAMPTON. At the request of any candidate, the 
 sheriff is bound to adjourn the poll for the county to 
 Newport, in the Isle of Wight; but it must be closed at 
 Winchester u-ithin 15 days, commence at Newport 
 within four days, and continue no longer than three days. 
 7 & 8 W. 3, c. 25.
 
 8T 91 
 
 STAMP. Contract for purchase of estate may be stamped 
 within 21 days from the execution, and upon payment of 
 a penalty after that time, and it will be then valid ab 
 initio. (Male. 279.) 
 
 STAMPS (SUB-DISTRIBUTER) not being appointed by 
 government, may vote. (H. C. 568. 1 Fras. 164.) 
 
 STATUTES. 1. GENERAL STATUTES. 
 
 1. 5 Ric. II. s. 2. c. 4. (1382.) Title, Every one 
 
 " to whom it belongeth shall on summons come to Parlia- 
 " merit.'* Declaration that absentees be punished. Pu- 
 nishment of Sheriffomitting his return. 
 
 2. 7 Hen. IV. c. 15. (1405.) Title, the manner of 
 
 " the election of Knights of the Shire for a parliament." 
 
 3. II Hen. IV. c. 1. (1409.) Title, The penalty on 
 
 a sheriff, for making an untrue return of the election of 
 Knights of the Parliament. Declared penalty, 100. 
 
 4. 6 Hen. VI. c. 4. (1427.) Title, " The Sheriff's 
 
 " traverse to an Inquest found returning knights of shire 
 " for the parliament." Declaration : " The knights chosen 
 " for the parliament, and sheriffs of counties, may have 
 " their traverse of an office found against them." 
 
 5. 8 Hen. VI. c. 7. (1429.) Title, " What sort of 
 
 " men shall be choosers, and who shall be chosen knights of 
 " the parliament." Decl. qualifications of electors. What 
 " is required of the candidate. Sheriff empowered to 
 " examine electors on oath. Penalty on sheriff. Knights 
 "falsely returned shall lose their wages: repealed in 
 " part by 14 G. III. c. 58. 
 
 6. 10 Hen. VI. c. 2. (1432.) Title, " Certain things 
 
 " required in him who shall be a chooser of the knights 
 " of Parliament ;" repealed in part by 14 G. III. c. 58. 
 
 7. 23 Hen. VI. c. 14. (1444.) Title, " Who shall be 
 
 " knights for the parliament. The manner of their 
 " election. The remedy of false return :" repealed in 
 part by 14 G. III. c. 58. 
 
 8. 6 Hen. VHL c. 16. (1514.) An Act that no 
 
 knights of shire nor burgesses depart before the end of 
 parliament. 
 
 9. 27 Hen. VIII. c. 26. (1535.). " Concerning the 
 
 laws to be used in Wales.' 1 '' 
 10. 34 # 35 Hen. VIII. c. 13. (1542.) "An Act
 
 92 ST 
 
 STATUTES continued. 
 
 " for making of knights and burgesses, within the county 
 " and city of Chester." 
 
 11. 35 Hen. VIII. c. 2. (1543.) "The Bill for 
 
 " knights and burgesses in Wales, concerning the payment 
 " of their fees and wages.'' 
 
 12. 25 Cha. II. c. 9. (1672) "An Act to enable 
 
 " the county palatine of Durham to send knights and 
 " burgesses to serve in parliament." 
 
 13. 30 Cha. II. s. 2. c. 1. (1677.) " An Act for 
 
 " the more effectual preserving the King's person and 
 " Government, by disabling Papists from sitting in either 
 " bouse of parliament." 
 
 14. 2 W. and M. s. 1. c. 7. (1690.) " An Act to 
 
 " declare the right and freedom of election of members to 
 " serve in parliament, for the Cinque Ports." 
 
 15. 5 W. and M. c. 7. (1694.) " An Act for grant- 
 
 " ing to __ their Majesties certain rates aud duties upon 
 " Salt, Beer, Ale, and other liquors, for securing certain 
 " recompences and advantages to such persons as shall 
 " voluntarily advance a sum of ten hundred thousand 
 " pounds, towards carrying on the war against France. 
 " Decl. members of parliament not to become farmers of 
 " the revenue, except commissioners of Treasury and 
 " Land-tax." 
 
 16. 5 W. and M. c. 20. (1694.) An Act for 
 
 granting to their Majesties several rales, <kc. upon tonnage 
 of ships, and on beer, ale, and other liquors, as in last 
 act, for advancing money to carry on the war against 
 France. Same Declaration as 5 W. and M. c. 7. 
 
 17. 6 W. and M. c. 2. (1694.) " An Act for the 
 
 " frequent meeting and calling of Parliaments." Decl. 
 once in three years. 
 
 18. 7 W. HI. c. 4. (1695.) " An Act for prevent- 
 
 " iug charge and expence in Elections of Members." 
 
 1 9. 7 & 8 W. 111. c. 7. (1 696.) An Act to " prevent 
 
 " false and double returns of Members." 
 
 20. 7 & 8 W. III. c. 25. (1696.) "An Act for 
 
 " the further regulating Elections, and for preventing 
 " irregular proceedings of Returning Officers, made per- 
 " petutil by 12 Anne, c. 15." Amended by 6 G. II. c. 23. 
 33 G. 111. c. 54. 53 G. III. c. 49.
 
 ST 93 
 
 STATUTES continued. 
 
 21. 10 & 11. W. III. c. 7. (1699.) " An Act for 
 
 " preventing irregular Proceedings of Sheriffs and other 
 " Officers in sending Returns of Members." 
 
 22. 11 & 12 W. III. c. 2. (1700.) "An Act for 
 
 " granting an Aid by Sale of the forfeited and other 
 " Estates in Ireland, and by Land-tax in England." 
 Declar. Members not to be Farmers of Duties. 
 
 23. 12 & 13 W. III. c. 3. (1770.) An Act for 
 
 preventing any Inconveniences that may happen by 
 " Privilege of Parliament." 
 
 Amended by 11 Geo. II. c. 24. 
 
 24. 12 & 13 W. III. c. 10. (1700). " An Act for 
 
 " granting an Aid for His Majesty's heavy guards, &c. 
 " for one year." 
 
 25. 2 & 3 Anne, c. 18. (1703.) "An Act for the 
 
 " further explanation and regulation of Privilege of 
 Parliament, in relation to persons in Public Offices." 
 
 26. 6 Anne,c. 7. (1707.) An Act for the security of 
 
 her Majesty's Person and Government, and of the Succes- 
 sion to the Crown of Great Britain in the Protestant 
 Line. 
 
 27. 6 Anne, c. 23. (1707.) " An Act to make fur- 
 
 " ther provision for electing and summoning the 16 
 " Peers of Scotland to sit in the House of Peers, and for 
 " lining Peers, and for the further regulating of voters 
 " in the Elections of Members to serve in Parliament." 
 
 ...... 28. 9 Anne, c. 5. (1710.) An Act for securing the 
 
 Freedom of Parliament by the further qualifying the 
 Members lo sit in the House of Commons. 
 
 29. 9 Anne, c. 10. (1710.) " An Act for establish- 
 
 " ing a General Post Office, and for settling a ?um for the 
 " war." Decl. Officers of Post Office not to intermeddle 
 at Elections. 
 
 30. 9 Anne,c. 11. (1710.) " An Act for laying 
 
 " certain Duties on Hides, &c. for prosecuting the war." 
 
 31. 9 Anne, c. 20. (1710.) " An Act for rendering 
 
 " the Proceedings on Writs of Mandamus and Informa- 
 " tions of quo warranto more speedy, and for the more 
 " easy trying and determining the Rights of Offices and 
 " Franchises in Corporations and Boroughs." 
 
 32. 10 Anne, c. 19. (1711.) "An Act for paying
 
 94 
 
 STATUTES continued. 
 
 " Duties on Soap, Paper, &c. imported, and for raising a 
 
 " sum by Lottery, and for licensing Hackney Chairs ; 
 
 " Duties on Marriage Licenses." Dec!. Commissioners 
 
 and Collectors not to intermeddle. 
 33. 10 Anne, c. 23. (1711.) " An Act for the more 
 
 " effectual preventing/raz/?en< Conveyances, in order to 
 
 " multiply votes for electing Knights of Shire." Decl. 
 
 Condition to reconvey void. (See 12 Ann, c. 5.) 
 34. 12 Ann, c. 5. (1713.) " An Act to explain a 
 
 " clause in 10 Ann, c. 23, as far as the same relates to 
 
 " ascertaining the value of Freeholds, at 40s. per annum." 
 35. 12 Ann, 8. 1. c. 15. (1713.) An Act for 
 
 making perpetual the Act of 7 & 8 Wm. III. c. 7. 
 36. 1 Geo. I. c. 38. (1715.) " An Act for enlarg- 
 
 " ing the time of continuance of Parliaments." Decl. 
 
 Parliament shall have continuance for seven years, and no 
 
 longer, to be accounted from the day on which by the 
 
 Writ or Summons the Parliament shall be appointed to 
 
 meet, unless dissolved by his Majesty, &c. 
 37. 1 Geo. I. *. 2. c. 56. (1715.) " An Act to 
 
 " disable any person upon being chosen a Member of or 
 
 " from sitting and voting in the House of Commons who 
 
 " has any pension from the Crown for any number of 
 
 " years." 
 . . . . 38. 2 Geo. I. c. 18. (1724.) " An Act for regu- 
 
 " lating Elections within the City of London, and for 
 
 " preserving the peace, good order, and government of 
 
 " the said city. 1 ' 
 ... . 39. 2 Geo. II. c. 24. (1729.) " An Act for the 
 
 " more effectual preventing Bribery and Corruption in 
 
 " the Election of Members, &c." 
 
 Amended by 9 Geo. 2. c. 38. 
 40. 3 Geo. II. c. 8. (1730.) " An Act for regu- 
 
 " lating Elections in the City of Norwich, &c." 
 41. 6 Geo. 2. c. 23. (1733.) An Act to explain 
 
 the Act of 7 & 8 Wm. III. c. 25. 
 42. 8 Geo. II. c. 30. (1725.) "An Act to regu- 
 
 " late the quartering of Soldiers during the time of Elec- 
 
 " lions," &c. 
 43. 9 Geo. II. c. 38. (1736.) " An Act to explain 
 
 " and amend. (2 Geo. II. c. 24.)
 
 ST 95 
 
 STATUTES continued. 
 
 ..... 44. 11 Geo. II. c. 24. (1737.) An act to amend 12 
 & 13 W. 3. c. 3. 
 
 45. 13 Geo. II. c. 20. (1740.) "An act for the 
 
 " more effectually preventing fraudulent qualifications of 
 " persons to vote as freeholders in the election of mem- 
 " bers, &c. for such cities and towns as are counties of 
 " themselves in England." 
 
 46. 15 Geo. II. c. 13. (1742.) " An act for esta- 
 blishing an agreement with the Governor and Company 
 " of the Bank of England for advancing monies to Go- 
 " vernment." Declared that Governor and Company not 
 disabled to sit as members. 
 
 47. 15 Geo. II. c. 22. (1742.) " An act to exclude 
 
 " certain officers from being members." 
 
 48. 18 Geo. II. c. 18. (1745.) " An act to explain 
 
 " and amend the laws touching the election of knights of 
 " the shire." 
 
 49. 19 Geo. II. c. 28. (1746.) An act for the better 
 
 regulation of election of members for such cities and towns 
 as are counties of themselves. 
 
 50. 31 Geo. II. c. 14. (17^57.) " An act for further 
 
 " explaining the laws touching the election of knights of 
 " the shire." 
 
 51. 33 Geo. II. c. 20. (1759.) " An act to enforce 
 
 " and render more effectual the laws touching the quali- 
 " fication of members, &c." 
 
 ...... 52. 3 Geo. HI. c. 15. (1762.) " An act to prevent 
 
 " occasional freemen from voting at elections of members, 
 " &c. for cities and borough*." 
 
 53. 3 Geo. I/I. c. 24. (1762.) " An act to prevent 
 
 "fraudulent and occasional votes in the election of 
 " knights of the shire, and members for cities and towns 
 " counties of themselves, so far as relates to the right of 
 " voting by virtue of an..annuity or rent charge." 
 
 54. 10 Geo. III. c. 16. (1770.) " An act to regu- 
 
 " late the trials of controverted elections or returns of 
 " members, &c. made perpetual by 14 Geo. III. c. 15." 
 
 55. 10 Geo. I/I. c. 41. (1770.) "An act to enable 
 
 " the Speaker of the House of Commons to issue his 
 " warrants to make out new writs for the choice of rnem- 
 " bers in the room of members dying in a recess of Par- 
 " liament, repealed in part by 24 Geo. III. c. 26"
 
 9G 
 
 STATUTES continued. 
 
 56. 10 Geo. III. c. 50. (1770.) "An act for the 
 
 " preventing delay of justice by reason of privilege of 
 " Parliament." 
 
 57. 11 Geo. III. c. 42. (1771.) An act to explain 
 
 the act, 10 Geo. III. c. 16. amended) by 32 Geo. III. c. 
 1., and made perpetual by 14 Geo. 3. c. 15. 
 
 58. 11 Geo. III. c. 55. (1771.) " An act to incapa- 
 
 " citate John Burnett and others from voting at elections, 
 " and for the preventing bribery and corruption in the 
 " election for New Shoreham." 
 
 .... 59. 12 Geo. 111. c. 21. (1772.) " An act for giving 
 " relief in proceedings on writs of mandamus, for the ad- 
 " mission of freemen into corporations," &c. 
 
 .... 60. 14 Geo. HI. c. 15. (1774.) An act for making 
 perpetual, 10 Geo. III. c. 16. 11 Geo. 3. c. 42. 
 
 61 14 Geo. III. c. 58. (1774.) " An act for repeal- 
 
 " ing 1 Hen. V., and so much of the several acts of the 
 " 8th, 10th, and 23d Hen. VI. as relates to the residence 
 " of persons to be elected members, &c. or of the elec- 
 " tors," &c. 
 
 . ... 62. 15 Geo. HI. c. 36. An act to explain and 
 amend the 10th Geo. III. c. 41. amended by 24 Geo. III. 
 c. 26. 
 
 63. 20 Geo. III. c. 17. (1780.) " An act to re- 
 
 " move certain difficulties relative to voters at county 
 " elections." Amended by 30 Geo. III. c. 35. 
 
 . ... 64. 21 Geo. III. c. 54. An act for regulating elec- 
 tions for Coventry. 
 
 65. 22 Geo. III. c. 31. (1781.) "An act for the 
 
 " preventing of bribery and corruption in the election for 
 " Cricklade" 
 
 66. 22 Geo. III. c. 41. (1781.) " An act for the 
 
 " better securing the freedom of election of members, by 
 " disabling certain officers employed in the collection or 
 " management of the revenue from voting," &c. 
 
 67. 2^2 Geo. III. c. 45. (1781.) " An act for re- 
 
 " straining any person concerned in any contract, com- 
 " mission, or agreement made for ihe public service, from 
 " being elected or sitting or voting as a member," &c. 
 Amended per Scotch act, 37 Geo. 3. c. 138. 
 
 68. 24 Geo. III. c. 26. (1784.) " An act to repeal so 
 
 " much of 10th Geo. III. c. 41 ., and 1 5 Geo. III. c. 36. as
 
 ST 97 
 
 STATUTES continued. 
 
 " authorizes the Speaker of the Honse to issue his war- 
 " rant for the election, and for substituting other provi- 
 " sions for the like purposes." 
 
 69. 25 Geo. III. c. 84. (1785.) " An act to limit 
 
 " the duration of polls and scrutinies, and for making 
 " regulations touching the elections, &c. and for removing 
 " difficulties for want of returns," &c. 
 
 70. 26 Geo. III. c. 100. (1786.) " An act to prevent 
 
 " occasional inhabitants from voting in the elections at 
 " cities and boroughs." 
 
 71. 28 Geo. HI. c. 52. (1788.) " An act for the 
 
 " further regulation of the trials for controverted elections 
 " or returns of members, &c. amended by 34 and 36 
 " Geo. 3. 32 Geo. III. c. 1 ." 
 
 72. 30 Geo. III. c. 35. (1780.) An act to explain 
 
 and amend, 20 Geo. 3. c. 17. 
 
 73. 32 Geo. I/I. c. 1. (1792.) " An act to extend 
 
 " the provisions of 1 1 Geo. 3. c. 42., and 28 Geo. 3. 
 c. 52." 
 
 74 33 Geo. III. c. 64. (1793.) An act to explain 
 
 and amend, 7 and 8 W. 3. c. 25. 
 
 75. 34 Geo. III. c. 73. (1794 ) An act for directing 
 
 the appointment of commissioners to administer certain 
 oaths and declarations required by law, to be taken and 
 made by persons offering to vote at elections for mem- 
 bers, &c. 
 
 76. 34 Geo. III. c. 83. (1754.) An act to explain, 
 
 28 Geo. 3. c. 52. amended by 42 Geo. 3. 
 
 77. 36 Geo. III. c. 59. (1796.) An act for the more 
 
 effectual execution of several acts of Parliament, made for 
 the trials of controverted elections, or returns of mem- 
 bers, &c. 
 
 78. 39 G. III. c. 6. (1758.) " An Act to enlarge 
 
 u the time limited for the redemption of the Land-tax, 
 u and to explain and amend an act made in the last ses- 
 " sion of Parliament, entitled ' An act for making per- 
 petual, &c. the Land-tax,' &c." 
 
 ...... 79. 39 G. III. c. 94. (1799.) " An Act to ascertain 
 
 * the salary of the Master, &c. of His Majesty's Mint" 
 
 80. 39 and 40 G. III. c. 97. (1800.) An Act to
 
 J8 
 
 STATUTES continued. 
 
 " incorporate the London Flour Company for a limited 
 time." 
 
 81. 41 G. III. c. 52. (1801.) " An Act for declar- 
 
 K ing which person shall be disabled from sitting and 
 a voting in the House of Commons of the united kingdom 
 " of Great Britain and Ireland ; and for carrying into 
 " effect the 4th article of the union with Ireland, as to 
 " incapability of persons holding offices in Ireland from 
 K being members." 
 
 82. 41 G. III. c. 63. (1801.) " An Act to remove 
 
 " doubt, respecting the eligibility of persons in Holy-orders 
 " to sit in the House of Common?." 
 
 83. 42 G. III. c. 62. (1802.) An Act for extending 
 
 the 34 Geo. III. c. 73, 84. 42 Gen. III. c. 84. (1806) 
 " An Act for the futher regulation of the trials of con- 
 " troverted Elections or Returns, fyc. and for expediting 
 " the proceedings relative thereto." Amended by 47 and 
 53 G. III. 
 
 85. 42 G. III. s. 200. c. 116. (1802.) An Act for 
 
 consolidating the several Land-lax Acts, and for making 
 further provision for the redemption and sale thereof, and 
 for removing doubts respecting voters of knights of the 
 shire, and other members, to serve in Parliament, in res- 
 pect of Messuages, Lands, or Tenements ; the land-tax on 
 which shall have been redeemed or purchased. 
 
 86. 43 G. III. c. 74. (1803.) An Act for further 
 
 regulating the administration of the Oaths required to be 
 taken by Electors, by 42 G. III. c. 62. 
 
 87. 47 Geo. III. c. 1. (1807.) An Act to revise 
 
 " and make perpetual and amend- (42 Geo. III. c. 84.) 
 
 88. 49 Geo. III. c. 118, (1809.) An Act for the 
 
 better securing the independence and purity of Parliament 
 by preventing the procuring or obtaining of seats in 
 Parliament by corrupt practice. 
 
 89. 51 Geo. III. c. 99. (1811.) " An Act for re- 
 moving doubts as to the registering of certain property 
 purchased or sold under the Land Tax Redemption 
 Act, &c." 
 
 90. 52 Geo. III. c. 144. (1812.) " An Act to sus- 
 pend and finally vacate the seats of members of t 
 House of Commons who shall become bankrupts,'' 1 
 
 s
 
 ST 99 
 
 STATUTES continued. 
 
 .... 91. 53 Geo. III. c. 49. (1813.) An Act to explain 
 
 and amend, 7 W. III. c. 25. 
 92. 53 Geo. III. c. 71. (1813.) An Act for 
 
 " amending, &c. the laws for the trials of controverted 
 
 " elections and returns, <$*c. 5 ' 
 93. 53 Geo. III. c. 89. (1813.) " An Act for the 
 
 " more regular conveyance of ivrits for the election of 
 
 " members, &c." 
 94. 55 Geo. III. c. 72. (1815.) " An Act to fix the 
 
 ' election for Glamorganshire at a central place in said 
 
 " county." 
 95. 53 Geo. III. c. 37. (1819.) " An Act for fur- 
 
 " ther regulating the Qualification of Members, 1 " &c. 
 96. 3 Geo. IV. c. 55, s. 14. (1822.) " An Act for 
 
 " the more effectual administration of the office of a 
 
 " justice of the peace in and .near the metropolis, and 
 
 " for preventing depredations on the Thames." 
 
 PARTICULAR STATUTES FOR IRELAND AND SCOTLAND. 
 
 IRELAND. 
 1. 33 Geo. III. c. 21. (1793.) "An Act for the 
 
 " Relief of his Majesty's Popish or Roman Catholic 
 
 " subjects of Ireland." 
 2. 35 Geo. III. c. 29. (1795.) " An Act for regu- 
 
 " lating the election of members, and for repealing part of 
 
 " 1. Geo. IT. c. 9. 19 Geo. II. c. 11. 21 Geo. II. c. 10. 
 
 " 3 Geo. III. c. 13. 15 & 16 Geo. III. c. 16. 21 & 22 
 
 " Geo. III. c. 21. 21 & 22 Geo. III. c. 63. 23 & 24 
 
 " Geo. III. c. 13. 25 Geo. III. c. 52. 26 Geo. III. 
 
 " c. 22. 26 Geo. III. c.23. *8 Geo. III. c. 33. 29 
 
 " Geo. III. c. 29. And 30 Geo. III. c. 17. Amended 
 
 " by 40 & 45 Geo. III. 
 3. 37 Geo. HI. c. 47. (1797.) "An Act for the 
 
 " public regulation of the election of members, &c." 
 4. 39 <f- 40 Geo. III. c. 67. (1800.) " An act for 
 
 " the Union of Great Britain and Ireland." 
 5. 40 Geo. III. c. 80. (1800.) An Act to explain, 
 
 " 35 Geo. III. and 37 Geo. III. 
 6. 41 Geo. III. c. 52. (1801.) " An Act for de- 
 
 " claring what persons shall be disabled from sitting and 
 K 2
 
 100 ST 
 
 STATUTES, (IRELAND) continued. 
 
 " voting in the House of Commons, and for carrying 
 " into effect part of the 4th article of the Union, &c. 
 
 ...... 7. 41 Geo. III. c. 101. (1801.) " An Act for regu- 
 
 " lating, until 1st May, 1802, the trial of Irish contro- 
 " verted elections or returns, &c. and for regulating their 
 " qualification." See 47 Geo. III. and 42 Geo. III. 
 
 8. 42 Geo. III. c. 106. (1802.) " An Act for re- 
 
 " gulating the Trial of Irish Controverted Elections or 
 " Returns," &c. Amended by 60 G. III. c. 7. 
 
 9. 43 Geo. III. c. 25. (1803.) An Act for the 
 
 " better securing the freedom of elections in Ireland by 
 " disabling certain officers employed with collection or 
 " management in Ireland from voting." 
 
 10. 45 Geo. III. c. 59. (1805.) "An Act for 
 
 " amending, 35 Geo. III. c. 29. 
 
 11. 47 Geo. III. c. 14. (1807.) " An Act to amend 
 
 " several Acts for regulating the trial of Irish controverted 
 " elections and returns, &c." 
 
 ...... 12. 51 Geo. III. c. 77. 181 1. " An Act to amend 
 
 ' the laws for regulating the elections in Ireland, of 
 " members, &c." 
 
 13. 60 Geo. III. c. 77. (1819.) " An Act to amend 
 
 42 Geo. III. c. 106. 
 
 14. I Geo. 4, c. 11. (1820.) " An Act for the better 
 
 " regulation of polls, and for making further provision 
 " touching the election of members to serve in Parliament 
 *' for Ireland." 
 
 15. !$ 2 Geo. TV. c. 58. (1821.) "An Act to 
 
 " regulate the expenses of election of members, c. for 
 Ireland. 
 
 16. 4 Geo. IV. c. 55. (1823.) " An Act to consoli- 
 
 " date and amend the several Acts now in force, so far as 
 " the same relate to the election and return of members 
 " for counties of cities and counties of towns in Ireland. 
 
 SCOTLAND. 
 
 STATUTES. 1. 5 Ann, c. 8, *. 12. (1706.) " Act settling 
 " the manner of electing the 16 peers and 45 members 
 " to represent Scotland in the Parliament of Great 
 Britain." 
 
 2. 6 Ann, c. 6. (1707.) " An act for rendering the
 
 STATUTES (SCOTLAND) ^continued. 
 " Union of the two Kingdoms r 
 
 BT 101 
 
 more entire and com- 
 plete." 
 
 ... 3. 6 Ann, c. 23. (1707.) " An act to make further 
 " provision for electing and summoning the 16 Peers of 
 " Scotland to sit in the House of Peers, &c. &c. for the 
 " further regulation of voters at ejections." 
 
 ...4, 12 Ann, c. 6. (1713.) "An act for the better 
 "regulating the election of Members for Scotland." 
 
 . . . 5. 1 Geo. I. c. 13. (1714.) " An act for the further 
 " security of H. M.'s person and government, and the 
 " succession of the Crown to the heirs of the late Princess 
 ' Sophia, being Protestants. 
 
 . . . 6. 7 Geo. II. c. 16. (1734.) " An act for the 
 *' better regulating the election of members, &c. for Scot- 
 " land, and for incapacitating the Judges of the Court of 
 " Session, Justiciary, and Barons of the Court of Ex- 
 " chequer in Scotland, to be abated, &c." 
 
 . .. 7. 16 Geo. II. c. 11. (1743.) " An act to explain 
 " and amend the laws touching the elections of members 
 " to serve for Scotland, and to restrain the partiality 
 " and regulate the conduct of returning officers at such 
 " election, altered 14 Geo. III. c. 81. 
 
 , . . 8. 14 Geo. III. c. 81. (1774.) " An act for altering 
 "and amending, 16 Geo. II. c. 11." 
 
 . . . 9. 35 Geo. III. c. 65. (1795.) " An act to prevent 
 " unnecessary delay in the execution of writs for the 
 " election of members, &c. for Scotland." 
 
 ... 10. 37 Geo. III. c. 138. (1797.) " An act to amend, 
 " 22 Geo. III. c. 41. and for empowering freeholders to 
 " administer the oath of trust and possession to persons 
 " offering to vote for Preses and Clark." 
 
 STATUTES. 
 
 NUMBER OF TO 1826. 
 
 General Statutes England, &c 96 
 
 Ireland 16 
 
 Scotland 10 
 
 122 
 
 K3
 
 102 
 
 STATUTE MERCHANT, or STATUTE STAPLE. I. Te- 
 nant's-by have no right to vote. (Co. Lit. 42.) 
 
 STEWARD OF A MANOR. (See Court Roll.) 
 
 STOCK IN TRADE. If rated, gives a legal settlement 
 to enable the party to vote (2 Peck. 251.) a3 Scot and 
 Lot. 
 
 SUB OR DEPUTY SHERIFFS. May be appointed 
 by the sheriff to act on his behalf at the election. (Male 
 105.) they are recognized by 7 & 8 W. 3. c. 25. 18 G. 
 II. c. 18 & 19 G. II. c. 28. They are criminally answer- 
 able, but the sheriff is only civilly answerable for their 
 acts, unless brought home to him by agency. (2 Peck. 33.) 
 In county elections may be appointed by the sheriff 
 for the different wards, laiths, &c. 
 
 SUNDAY. 1. The election must not be held on this day, 
 but notice or proclamation thereof in Boroughs, it is said, 
 cannot be objected to, if given on that day. (Sheph. 67.) 
 See Freemen. 
 
 SUPERVISOR OF EXCISE, cannot vote. 22 G. 3. 
 
 SUPREMACY, Oath of. See Abjuration Oath. 
 
 SURPRISE OR TRICK. If election gained thereby, it is 
 void.
 
 103 
 
 T. 
 
 TAUNTON. Pot Wallers therein require to have a legal 
 
 parochial settlement, by the custom. (1 Doug. 371.) 
 TAXES. 1. No person shall vote for Lands not charged or 
 assessed to public taxes in the same proportion as lands 
 of 40s. per annum value, in the same parish (10 Anne, 
 c. 23. s. 2.) 
 
 TENANT BY THE CURTESY. 1. Requisites to 
 make, are marriage seisin of the wife in fee or tail 
 having children of the marriage and death of the wife, 
 this giving him a life interest, he may vote. (2 Black. 
 124.) H. C. 49. 
 
 TENANT IN TAIL AFTER POSSIBILITY OF 
 ISSUE EXTINCT, a good vote. (2 Black. 124, H.C. 
 48.) 
 ...... IN DOWER may vote. (2 Black. 124.) 
 
 TENANT of Voter a good evidence to prove the rent under 
 
 40s. though voter had sworn to 50s. (2 Lud. 450.) 
 TENANTS IN COMMON. 1. May vote. 7&8 W. III. 
 c. 25, s. 7, enacts, that no more than one voice shall be 
 given for the same house. See Joint Tenants. 
 TENANTS fN ANCIENT DEMESNE, as they hold 
 
 by copy of court roll, cannot vote. 
 TENANTS IN SEVERALTY may vote. See Joint 
 
 Tenants. 
 TENANT'S NAME. 1. The freeholder must declare it at 
 
 the poll, or he cannot vote. (Male 134.) 
 ...... 2. If he causes the word " Unknown" to be entered 
 
 on the poll book, the vote is bad. 2 Peck. 5355 (See 
 Blanks.) 
 
 3. Voter gave in " Charles 0." for John O. tenant, and 
 
 though John proved it was a mistake, the vote was bad. 
 S.C. (2 Peck. 61.) 
 
 4. Hooker and others. Hand court was a descrip- 
 tion given when the voter voted for premises in Golden 
 Lane ; but as Hooker did not live in Golden Lane, 
 rote bad. S. C. (2 Peck. 62.)
 
 104 TE TI 
 
 TENANT'S NAME continued. 
 
 5. Where the premises are " Empty," an 1 they are 
 
 given in as the names of the late tenants, vote is bad. 
 (2 Peck. 61.) 
 
 6. No Tenant's Name in poll book, vote bad. (2 
 
 Peck 56.) 
 
 ...... 7. If premises are demised to A. B. and his name 
 
 stated as tenant, though the premises are empty, the vote 
 is good. (2 Peck. 61.) 
 
 " TENEMENT," description thus on poll book, sufficient. 
 (2 Peck. 55.) 
 
 In law is whatever may be holden, whether a house or 
 
 an office or place in which the holder possesses a freehold 
 interest; confers a right of voting, if the emoluments arise 
 out of land and amount to 40s. per annum : the word 
 " Tenement" held a good description by a freeholder of 
 his " house." 
 
 TENDERING THE VOTE, (County Election.). !. The 
 voter must tender his vote at the proper Booth, and must 
 state his name to the poll clerk; a mere declaration in the 
 booth for whom the voter gives his suffrage is not suf- 
 ficient. (Male 130) 
 
 2. It must be regularly tendered as above, and in the 
 
 proper booth. 
 
 3. The committee require strict proof of a proper 
 
 tender. 
 
 ...... 4. A county voter must state correctly to the poll 
 
 clerk, the kind of estate for which he votes, its situation, 
 and where assessed ; his own residence, and the name of 
 his tenant. 
 
 5. If a voter tender his vote for Willeys in the wrong 
 
 booth, though he have a vote for another place, for which 
 that is the proper booth, but does not disclose that, the 
 vote is lost. 
 
 TERM OF YEARS (say lOOCn DETERMINABLE 
 UPON A LIFE OR LIVES. An estate for this 
 time not being a freehold but a lease for years, is no vote. 
 
 TESTE OF THE WRIT. See Bribery, 12. 
 
 TIME. 1. The 12 calendar months' possession, &c. required 
 by stat. 20 Geo. Ill, Serjt. Heywood and Mr. Hale 
 think ought to be reckoned from or unto the day on which 
 the voter take the oath and votes, and not to the first day 
 of the election.
 
 TI TR 105 
 
 TIME continued. 
 
 2. TIME. The returning officer cannot extend the days 
 
 or duration of the election beyond the time allowed by 
 Statute. 
 
 TITLE DEEDS TO FREEHOLD ESTATES. 1. See 
 Conveyance. Need not be produced before the house 
 by the voter (Shepherd) but Male doubts this ; but if 
 refused, a copy of memorial of registry thereof is evidence. 
 (2 Peck. 132.) But, 
 
 ...... 2. To burgage tenements. If voters refuse to pro- 
 duce them at the poll, parol evidence may be given of 
 their contents. (See Agent) attorney conveyance, voter. 
 
 3. If a Notice to produce them be served on the voter 
 
 previous to the election, and they are in his custody or 
 under his control it is said he must produce them. (1 
 Peck, 3 10, 374, 375. H. B. 301,) 
 
 ....... 4. But if he satisfy the sheriff by taking the oath, 
 
 query ifHhat will not be sufficient. (Male 162.) 
 
 TITLE ACCRUING AFTER THE ELECTION IS BE- 
 GUN, is no objection if it do not come within the 
 Splitting Act, 7 and 8 W. III. (Male 147.) 2 Lud. 427. 
 
 TOWNS. See List of. 
 
 TRAVELLING EXPENSES. 1. (See Bribery, 20 to 26.) 
 Evidence of a compensation for them and loss of time 
 have frequently been adduced to support a charge of 
 bribery, especially where the money was given Cor a 
 longer period for loss of time than was necessary. 3 
 Doug. 239. 1 Lud. 21. J Peck 401,434, 91, 186. 
 Peck 178.) 
 
 2. Shepherd says, (53.) It is probable a committee 
 
 would decide if the question was distinctly brought 
 before them, that even a Bona fide reasonable compen- 
 sation to an out voter for travelling expenses and loss 
 of time, is illegal under the Treating Act. 
 
 TREASON OR FELONY. 1. Persons attainted thereof 
 are ineligible. (4 Inst. 47.) but if they have received their 
 clergy and a pardon, or suffered the punishment, they 
 may vote. (Male 35.) 1 Peck. 5089. See Feloity. 
 
 TREGONY (Borough) See inhabitants. 
 
 TREATING. 1. Is Bribery by 7 W. III. c. 4. Notice of 
 was given to the voters as having been done by the 
 sitting member at the former election, the returning
 
 106 TR 
 
 TREATING continued. 
 
 officer on consulting counsel, received the votes tendered 
 for either candidate. (Peck. 500.) 
 
 3. " By 7 W. III. c. 4, if any person after the teste 
 
 of the writ shall by himself or any other on his behalf, 
 or at his charge at any time before the day of election 
 give any person or persons (voters) any meat or 
 drink exceeding in the value . 10 in the whole 
 in any place but his own house ; or shall before such 
 election make any other present, gift, or reward, 
 " or promise obligation or engagement to do the same, 
 &c." the House declare it bribery, and the election 
 void. See Travelling Expenses. Bribery. 
 
 4. Cannot be proved by an avowed agent against the 
 
 candidate who employed him. (1 Peck. 293.) 
 
 5. Lavish entertainment after the issuing of the 
 
 writ, is within the Treating Act, and is bribery. (Sheph. 
 53.) 
 
 - . ... 6. Moderate entertainment for the necessary refresh- 
 ment of such as come to the poll is not bribery. (2 Peck. 
 31.) 
 
 7. A candidate having no notice of an opposition gave 
 
 orders for a dinner for his voters, on the first day of the 
 election, but countermanded it on an opposition being 
 declared, and gave his voters sealed tickets to receive 
 their dinner at his expense at taverns in the county town ; 
 he was declared duly elected. Peck. 494. 
 
 ...... 8. Like bribery, it is said, prevents the candidate 
 
 rejected by the House from standing at the 2nd election, 
 (Southwark Cases) but committees have differed on this 
 point. 
 
 9. It must be given for the purpose of obtaining 
 
 votes. See Bribery. Confidential Communication. 
 
 It disqualifies a candidate from being re-elected during 
 the continuance of same parliament (18 Journ. 145) but 
 in the Norwich case it was held it was no disqualification 
 on the immediate vacancy. (3Lud.455.) 
 
 TRICK OR SURPRISE. If election gained thereby, it is void. 
 Glanv. 19, 26, 68, 78. 4 Inst. 49.
 
 TR VI 107 
 
 TRUSTEE. 1. not bound to produce a deed of trust 
 without the consent of his cestui que trust, (2 Peck. 133,) 
 except when the purchase monies of the estates thereby 
 sold, are insufficient to pay the debts (1 Peck 94 8.) 
 See " Mortgagee and Trustee," mortgagee conveyance. 
 
 TURBULENT CONDUCT AT ELECTION. See Interrupting, 
 Sec. 
 
 TYTHES. 1. Impropriate, give a right of vote. (Dalton's 
 Shf. 333.) 
 
 2. Annuity in lieu of tythes need not be regis- 
 tered. H.C.I 55. 
 
 u. 
 
 UNKNOWN." 1. Bad description. See Tenant's Name. 
 UNREDEEMED LAND-TAX. See Land-tax, Pur- 
 
 chasers of. 
 USAGE AND CUSTOM. See Relief. 
 
 V. 
 
 VALUE. Land-tax assessment no proof of the actual value 
 
 of the premises. (See Freeholder, Forty Shillings (clear.) 
 
 See Mortgagor.) 
 " VEXATIOUS OR CORRUPT." 1. Report of, on an 
 
 election committee entitles the opposite party to costs, 
 
 53 Geo. III. c. 71. 
 VICAR AND PARSON. Every one are " Corporations 
 
 Sole." 
 VICTUALS given. See Bribery, 24.
 
 108 vo 
 
 VOTES, (Disputed Objected). See these titles. 
 
 VOTERS. Persons who cannot vote. 
 
 Infants, women, aliens, unless made Denizens by Let- 
 ters patent, or naturalized by Act of Parliament, idiots, 
 lunatics, except at lucid intervals, but mere imbecility is not 
 a sufficient exclusion, if the voter at the time knows what 
 he is doing. Papists in Great Britain, if they refuse the 
 oaths of allegiance, supremacy, or abjuration persons 
 convicted of felony, perjury, subornation of perjury,* 
 bribery ;+ peers, Irish peers, except when they are mem- 
 bers of the House of Commons ; Revenue officers, cap- 
 tains or mates of Mail packets. 
 
 Commissioners of land tax, persons acting under them, 
 and those holding freehold offices by his patent may vote 
 so is the guard of a mail coach, collectors of the duties 
 on houses and windows^in (22 G. III. 2.) 
 
 Persons receiving alms (See Alms} within a limited 
 time, generally a year, are disqualified, though in London 
 and other places, where special usage permits, the period 
 is extended. Relief to the wife of a voter, though he 
 lives separate, disqualifies, except relief to militia man (in 
 actual service); wife, alms-men, and persons living in 
 alms-houses cannot vote. Private charitable assistance 
 does not affect the vote. (Shepherd on Elections, and cases 
 cited at p. 1, 2, 3, 4.) 
 
 (2.) The declaration of a Committee of the House, 
 that a person has been guilty of bribery, is no disqualifi- 
 cation. 
 
 VOTERS. The following have a right to vote: 
 
 ]. Foreign Seamen, who in time of war have served 
 
 2 years on board an English ship, by virtue of the King's 
 Proclamation are thereby naturalized. (13 G. II. c. 3.) 
 
 ...... 2. Foreign Protestants and Jews having resided in any 
 
 of the American colonies without an absence of two 
 months. (Ditto.) 
 
 3. Foreign Protestant? serving two years in the army 
 
 in America, or serving three years in the Whale-fishery, 
 
 * Whether outlawry in civil suits, or excommunication, creates a 
 disability, had not bsen determined, See Title Commissioners and 
 Freehold Office. 
 
 + But the occasional employment during the sickness or absence of 
 a Revenue Officer is no disqualification. See Parish Apothecary and 
 Relief to voters.
 
 vo 109 
 
 VOTERS continued. 
 
 on taking the oath, in 22 Geo. II. c. 45, and not leaving 
 the King's dominions for one year. (Male.) 
 .... 4. A sub-distributer of stamps not appointed by the 
 Commissioners of Stamps may vote. So also a sub-de- 
 puty at a country post-office, not appointed by the Post- 
 Master- General. (Ibid.) 
 .... 5. Farmers of the post-horse duty, being collectors 
 
 thereof. 
 .... 6. Corn or coal-meters not receiving any fee or salary 
 
 out of the revenue. (Male.) 
 .... 7. If the voter refuse to answer the proper questions, 
 
 the returning officer may reject him. 
 
 .... 8. If required, the voter must take the oaths, and pro- 
 duce a certificate thereof before voting. (Male, 108.) 
 . . . . 9. Must vote for both candidates at the 's>ame time. 
 (Male, 136.) 
 
 10. If he reside in a town, he must give in the name 
 
 of the Street. 
 
 . ... 11. The voter must name, in the proper booth (Sheph. 
 
 401) to the poll-clerk for whom he votes, and regularly 
 
 tender his vote, (I Heyw. 407) ; a declaration to any 
 
 other person is bad. 
 
 . . . 12. If the vote be disputed, he must declare, and the 
 
 poll-clerk must enter for whom he tenders his vote. 
 . . . . 13. It is doubtful whether a freeholder catcall in aid 
 any freehold not given in at the poll : there are contrary 
 decisions. (Male.) 
 
 . . .. 14. A freeholder must not vote twice, (18 Geo. IF. 
 c. 1.) ; if he do, the second vote is void. A voter 
 voting in a wrong booth, vote is good. (2 Peck. 59.) 
 . . . . 15. If a voter vote in a wrong booth, and the entry 
 was in a wrong parish, vote bad. (Male, 144. Roe, 
 654.) 
 
 ... 16. If he give in his vote in & wrong hundred or pa- 
 rish, he cannot before a committee be suffered to amend 
 it, or refer to the proper parish. (2 Lud. 416.) 
 ... 17. After the vote is entered on the poll, the voter 
 cannot withdraw it. (Male.) 
 
 ... 18. When the voter has a double vote, he must poll 
 for both candidates, at the same time, (1 Feck. 109) re- 
 fusing to give his name and place of abode correctly, 
 cannot vote. (Male, 129.) 
 
 L
 
 110 vo 
 
 VOTERS continued. 
 
 19. Every elector can vote for any person, whether 
 
 a candidate or not. (Male, 67.) 
 
 20. It seems doubtful if a voter who has sworn to 
 
 his freehold, and is willing to prove that he had no free- 
 hold, can be examined to prove it, there being contrary 
 decisions. (Glost. 80; Cases, 42, 45; 2 Doug. 309, 
 315; 2 Fras. 448.) 
 ...... 21. Having a right to vote in one character but voting 
 
 for another, where he had no right, bad. 
 
 22. Where there is a doubt, the committee always 
 
 lean to the voter. 
 
 VOTES thrown away or lost. Persons not qualified are 
 sometimes elected, and on petition the Committees have 
 not only declared the election void, but seated the peti- 
 tioning candidate who stood next on the poll, as the electors 
 had timely notice of the incapacity of the person returned, 
 and such notice quite notorious. (1 Heyw. 434-5. 2 
 Lud. 455. 
 
 2. If before a majority have polled, notice of incapacity 
 
 has been given, the next candidate on the poll must ulti- 
 mately be the sitting member. (18 Jour. 126 to 129- 
 673; 1 Lud. 455-72; Clifford, 392, &c. ; 1 Peck. 526.) 
 But see contra Clifford, 224 ; 10 East. 211. 
 
 3. Votes given before notice of the candidate being 
 
 disqualified, are not thrown away, but election is only 
 void, and new election granted. (1 Doug. 413. Male, 
 60.) 
 
 4. But they are when the candidate by bribery, treat- 
 ing, minority, or wilfully refusing to swear to qualification, 
 and notice thereof to the Electors, all subsequent votes are 
 thrown away. (18 Journ. 673.) 
 
 5. If it be " notorious" that the candidate is ineligi- 
 ble, the votes are thrown away. (14 East. 559.) 
 (See Qualification Oath.) 
 
 VOTES (void.) See Bribery, 18. 
 
 VOTES (set aside)! If it appear by strict proof, that the 
 estates were at first acquired for the SOLE purpose of a vote, 
 persons so voting are liable to penalty of 401. ; but the 
 heir of such a person may vote. 
 
 VOTES (given before writ or precept read) are of no force. 
 
 VOTES, Equal. 1. Shepherd says, that when the votes are 
 equal, it makes a void election, and the returning oflicer
 
 V0 WI 1 1 1 
 
 VOTES continued. 
 
 must make a double return, and he having polled pre- 
 viously, has no casting vote. (Male, 176.) 
 
 .... 2. But in this case, in order to decide the election, a 
 voter however who lias polled at the beginning of the 
 election may withdraw his vote, and give it to the other 
 candidate, and his election is good, (Granv. 22) ; but 
 Male says, that this cannot be done if the previous vote 
 be written down. 
 
 . . . . 3. The returning officer cannot on any case proceed 
 to an election de novo. (Male.) 
 
 w. 
 
 WAGER between two voters (agents) in opposite interests, 
 laid before the poll began, is bribery. (1 Term Re- 
 ports, 56.) 
 
 WAGES formerly paid to the members by the electors. 
 
 WARDS. Laitli's Hundreds, &c. See Booths. 
 
 WESTMINSTER HALL AND WESTMINSTER AB- 
 BEY. Persons holding offices therein, not entitled to 
 vote. (2 Peck. 92.) 
 
 WESTMINSTER ELECTION. (Regulated by 50 Geo. 
 III. c. 126.) See Candidate. Expences of Election; 
 Booths ; Poll-clerk, not exceeding 26 at the expense of 
 the candidates, not exceeding one guinea per-day. (Ibid.) 
 
 WESTMORLAND AND CUMBERLAND ESTATES. 
 See Cumberland and Westmorland; see Ancient De- 
 mesne, Customary Freeholds. If estates, held by custom 
 of the manor, may vote ; but not those held at the will of 
 the Lord. 
 
 WHALE FISHERY. Three years' employment therein 
 gives Foreign Protestants a vote. 
 
 WILKS, (John) M.P. his case. See Resolution of the House. 
 
 WILL. ]. Estate devised upon trust, to sell and in the mean- 
 time for the benefit of A B and C., held, that the parties 
 objecting to their votes, must prove that the estate was 
 sold. See Annuity, 7. 
 
 2. A devisee in trust to pay legacies, refused to take 
 
 the land subject to the trust , the legatees with his con- 
 sent, took possession of the land in satisfaction j held to 
 be good votes. (Male.)
 
 112 wi WR 
 
 WILL OR DEVISE. Vote by, immediately. 
 
 WINDMILL FIXED IN THE SOIL, is a vote. (2 Lud. 
 44.) but query, if it only stands on a post. (Male, 262.) 
 
 WINDOW-TAX. See House and Window-Tax. 
 
 WITNESS, (dead) his evidence on a former petition allowed 
 to be read. (2 Fras. 335.) 
 
 WOMEN cannot vote. (Male, 165.) 
 
 WOOD SALES. 1. Profits of 40s. per annum give right 
 of voting. (Dalton's C. Sheriff, 333.) 
 
 WOODS AND FORESTS, Commissioners of, may sit in 
 Parliament. (50 Geo. III. c. 65.) 
 
 WRIT OF ELECTION. 1. The authority for the election 
 is a writ in a county, but in a borough, a precept. 
 In a new Parliament the clerk of the crown issues it. 
 (See Bribery, 12.) The Writ is issued on a warrant, 
 and signed by the king in council ; but during the sitting 
 of the House, it issues on the speaker's warrant on mo- 
 tion of any member. 
 
 2. By 7 and 8 Wm. III. c. 25. s. 1. there must be 
 
 forty days between the teste and return, but in practice 
 fifty days intervenes. 
 
 3. 53 Geo. III. c. 89, prescribes certain regulations to 
 
 the post-office for the delivery. 
 
 4. Sheriff, as soon as he receives it, to indorse the 
 
 day of receiving it. 
 
 5. He must deliver it to the returning officer, (25 
 
 Geo. III. c. 84. s.4.) within two days after receipt of the 
 writ, proclamation to be made of a special county court, 
 
 6. If the writ is issued improperly, the election is 
 
 void. 
 
 7. If issued improperly, or miscarried, or has been 
 
 improperly detained., or due notice not given of the elec- 
 tion, or where the proper and legal officer does not exe- 
 cute the writ ; election void. (Male.) 
 
 8. If the election takes place before it is received, or 
 
 read, all votes given are void. See Precept. 
 WRONG NAMES. Votes of persons objected to by wrong 
 names cannot be questioned in committee. (2 Peck. 
 49, 50. 
 
 Y. 
 
 YORKSHIRE. The Election by statute must commence on 
 a Wednesday.
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 1 ABINGDON (Berks) C. T. 4 P. & M. Jour. j 
 
 "all the inhabitants paying scot and lot, and not re- 
 ceiving alms/' 18 Jan. 17O8. 
 
 1 AYRSHIRE (Scotland). Anne, Oct. 2, 1707, Jour. 272. 
 ABERDEENSHIRE, Anne, ditto, ditto, 271. 
 
 '2 ALBAN'S (ST.) Hertfordshire, C. T. 35 Edw. 1^ 
 7 Edw. 6, Jour. 85. Electors, mayor, aldermen, 
 and freemen, and sueh householders as pay scot and 
 lot, L. D. 27 April, 17 14-. 
 
 2 ALDBOROUGH, or Aldeburgh (Suffolk) C. T. 3 Eli*, 
 
 Jour. 176". Returning Officer, the bailiff. Electors, 
 the bailiff, 12 capital burgesses, and 24- inferior 
 members resident in the borough not receiving alms. 
 L. D. 23 Dec. 1709- Doug. 326. 16 June, 1715. 
 
 2 AGMONDESH AM (Bucks.) P. B. 21 James 1, Jour. 12, 
 -^-Electors, all the lord of the manor's tenants paying 
 scot and lot, Dec. I, 1705. 
 
 2 ALDBOROUGH (Yorkshire) P. B. Phil. &Mary, 1558. 
 Jour. 255. Right of Election, not only in the select 
 number of burgesses holding by burgage tenure in 
 the said borough, but all the inhabitants paying scot 
 and lot, L. D. May 17, 16<K). 
 
 2 ANDOVER (Hants) C. T. Jour. 166, 23 Edw. I, 
 27 Eliz. Returning officer, the bailiff. Rightof elec- 
 tion in the bailiff and a select number of.. burgesses 
 only, L. D. April ], lfj&9, L. D.Jan. 28, 1702, oiilv 
 24- voters. 
 
 1 ANGLESEASIHRE, 27 H. 8, Jour. 247. 
 
 ^ APPLEBY ( Wesmoreland) C. T. 23 Edw. 1, Jour. 2G1, 
 Right, burgage tenure. 
 
 1 ARGYLESHIRE (Scotland), Anne 1707. Jour. 275. 
 
 2 ARUNDEL (Sussex) C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. l$6 Elec- 
 
 tors, the inhabitants t large, paying scot and lot. 
 L. D. Feb. 22, 1693. 
 
 2 ASHBURTON (Devon.) Prescriptive borough. 26 Ed. i, 
 Jour. 56. '-Returning officer, the Portreeve. Elector^, 
 the freeholders having -lands ot tenements holdeiH 
 ef tfiis borough 'only, and the fr eeh old c-ys't>f 4 #'!*
 
 APPENDIX^ 
 
 ASH BURTON continued. 
 and tenements, called Halsanger and Halwell Lands, 
 lying within the borough, and subject to pay borougli 
 rent, L. D. Feb. 2.0, 1?07. March 17, 1710. 
 
 AYLESBURY (Bucks.) C. T. 1 Mary, Jour. 1 }.R. 0. 
 constables chosen at the lord of the manor's leet. 
 Right of electors, in the householders not receiving 
 alms, or any charity, and in the freeholders by act of 
 parliament? (l S04-) of the adjoining hundred, L. D. 
 Jan. 28, 1695, and Feb. 7, 1 698. 
 
 AIR, IRVINE, &c. (Scotland). Anne, 1707. 
 
 BANBURY (Oxfordshire), C. T. Charles, 1 Jour. 137. 
 Electors, 18. L. D. 29 Dec. 1691. 
 
 BARNSTAPLE (Devon.) C. T. 28 Ed. 1. Jour. 52. 
 Electors, the corporation, and such as are freemen 
 born, or made free by the magistrates. 
 
 BAMFFSHIRE (Scotland), Anne, Oct. 27, 1707. 
 Jour. 274. 
 
 BATH (Somerset.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1. Jour. 317 Electors, 
 mayor, aldermen, and common council only ( Fo/ers, 
 30.) L. D. 27 .Jan. 1706. 
 
 BEAUMABIS (Anglesea), C. T. 67 Hen. 8. Jour. 2*8. 
 R. 0. the mayor Electors, 24-, viz. the mayor, 
 bail Hi's, and capital burgesses orilv. L. D. 18 Feb 
 1709. 3 March, 1729. 
 
 BEDFORD, Town of, (Beds.) C. T. 23 Ed. I. Jour. 1. 
 R. O. the mayor and bailiffs Electors, the burgesses, 
 freemen (admitted 12 months) and inhabitants being 
 householders of Bedford, i. e. inhabitants not receiv- 
 ing alms within the year, but electors may receive 
 Sir W. Harper's and Hawe's charities, but not Wei- 
 born's. L. D. 12 April, 1760. Freemens' eldestsons 
 tsrriy, entitled to t)e freemen, but all the other son* 
 may be burgesses. (Male Ixxxvii.) St. .John's Hospi- 
 tal master and brethren may vote. 
 
 BfiDWIN, Great (Wilts) Prescriptive borough, SOEdw. 
 until Edw. 4-. Jour. 2 14-. R. 0. the portreeve. 
 Electors, the freeholders and inhabitants of ancient 
 burgage houses, 26 March, 1729. 
 
 BEREALSTON (Devon.) Prescriptive borough, 27 
 Eliz. Jour. 58. R. 0. the Portreeve. Electors 70,
 
 ATPENDIX. 
 
 BEREALSTON continued. 
 viz. the freehold tenants of the borough, holding by 
 burgage tenure, and paying above threepence annu- 
 ally ancient burgage rent to the lord of the borough, 
 and in them only. L. D. June 7, 1721. 
 
 BERKSHIRE. Jbur. 3. 
 
 BERWICKSHIRE. (Scotland.) Jour. 275. 
 
 BERWICK-UPON-TWEED- (Northumberland.) C. T. 
 Hen. 8. Jour. 128. Electors, the freemen of Ber- 
 wick, L. D. 9 March, 1695. 
 
 BEVERLEY (Yorks.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1. 5 Eliz. Jour. 23. 
 Electors, freeholders, about 1300. 
 
 BEWDLEY T ( Worcestershire) C. T. 3 Jac. 1. Jour. 223. 
 K. 0. 'the bailiff. Electors 13. The bailiff and 
 12 capital burgesses, who elect others to vote with 
 them. The charter of 1708 is void. L. D. Dec. 19, 
 1710. 
 
 BISHOPS CASTLE (Salop.) C. T. 17 Eliz. Jour. 144. 
 R. 0. the bailiff. Electors, (about 100,) the bailiff 
 and all the burgesses within the borough. L. S). 
 Feb. 3, 1699. 
 
 BLECHINGLEY (Surrey) P. B. 23 Ed. 1. Jour. 181: 
 By prescription a borough Electors, the borough- 
 holders, and resolved the bailiff" has nothing to tk> 
 with the election." L. D. March 22, 1723 & 172*. 
 
 BODMIN (Cornwall) C. T. 23 Ed. 1. Jour. 34. Elec- 
 tors, the corporation. 
 
 BOROUGHBKIDGE (Yorks.) C. T. 1 Mary. Jour. 
 232. R. 0. th bailiff Electors, burgage holders. 
 
 BOSSINEY (Cornwall), C. T. 7 Ed. 6, Jour. 34 
 Electors, freemen, viz. all who have free land,, and 
 live in iheparishi 
 
 BOSTON (Lincolnshire) C. T. Jour. 105. Electors^ 
 the mayor, aldermen, common council and freemen, 
 by birth or servitude, resident paying scot and lot. 
 Simeon liv. L. D. 8 March, 1628. 
 
 BRACKLEY (Northampton.) C. T. 1 Ed. 6, Jour. 123: 
 Electors, mayor, aldermen, and burgesses. L. D. 
 20 April/1714.. 
 
 BRAMBER (Sussex.) P. B. 23 Ed. 1, 7 Hen. 4. Jour. 
 193 R. O. the constable Electors, about 22, those 
 inhabiting ancient houses, or in houses built on an-
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 . BRAMBER continued. 
 cient foundations paying scot and lot. L. D. June 1, 
 1715. 
 1 BRECON (County of) 27 H. 8. Jour. 249. 
 
 1 BRECON (Town of) C. T. 2? H. 8. Jour. 250. R. 0. 
 
 the bailiffs Electors, corporation and free burgesses. 
 
 2 BRIDGENORTH (Salop.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 141. 
 
 R. 0. the bailiffs Electors, corporation and freemen. 
 
 2 BRIDGE WATER, (Somerset) C.T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 130. 
 Electors, inhabitants of part of the town paying 
 scot and lot, and the mayor, aldermen, and burgesses 
 must reside in that part or cannot vote. L. D. March 
 14, 1?6'9. 
 
 2 BRIDPORT (Dorset.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 6(5. R. 0. 
 the bailiff. Electors, inhabitants being householders 
 and paying scot and lot. L. D. 12 April, 1628. 
 
 2 BRISTOL"(Somerset.) Corp. City, 47 Ed. 3, Jour. 146. 
 Electors, the freemen and innholdets; but Douglas 
 (260) says, that it is in thefreeholders of 40s. per ann. 
 and the 3 burgesses. Sim. Ivi. 
 
 2 BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. Joar. 8. 
 
 2 BUCKINGHAM (Town), C. T. 33 H. 8, Jour. 9. R. 0. 
 the bailiff. Electors, 13, the corporation, i. e. the 
 bailiff and 12 burgesses only, L. D. 11 Nov. 1690. 
 Sim. Ivi. 
 
 2 BURYST. EDMUND'S, C.T. 27 April, 1714. 
 
 Electors, the'aldermen, 12 capital burgesses, and 24 
 burgesses of the common council. Sim. Ivi. 
 
 1 BUTE AND CAITHNESS (Scotland), Anne, Oct. 27, 
 
 1707, Jour. 276. 
 
 CORPORATION DISSOLVED. See Hehton. 
 CHARTER New. Ibidt 
 
 3 CALLINGTON (Cornwall), P. B. 27 Eliz. Jour. 41. 
 
 R. 0. the portreeve Electors, the freeholders and 
 resident beneficial leaseholders if rated. 
 
 2 CALNE (Wilts.) P. B. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 209. R. 0. 
 
 two stewards of the borough. Electors, the inhabi- 
 tants having a right of common, and being sworn at 
 Ogborn court, being ancient burgesses, who are made 
 by the Guild stewards, L. D. 32 Dec. 1710..
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. of 
 Member?. 
 
 <2 CAMBRIDGESHIRE, Jour. 15. Parsons, vicars, & . 
 having no other freeholds but their glebe lands are, 
 by resolutions of the House, 28 May, 1721-, pre- 
 vented from voting. Sim. Ivii. Male xcvi.) 
 
 2 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY, 1 James 1, Jour. 16. 
 R. 0. the Vice Chancellor. Electors, the Doctors 
 and Masters of Arts only, whcse names -are on the 
 boards of their respective colleges, &c. 
 
 -2. CAMBRIDGE TOWN, C. T. Ed. 1, Jour. I?. -Electors, 
 mayor, bailiff, &freemen L D.27 March, 17 15. Sim. Ivi. 
 
 2 CAiMELFORD (Cornwall), C.T.Ed. 6. Electors, the 
 corporation; but see resolutions, 3 Aug. 1660, and 
 8 May, 1711, that the freemen and inhabitants pay- 
 ing scot a^nd lot are the electors. Sim. Ivii. 
 
 2 CANTERBURY CITY (Kent), Corp. City, 23 Ed. I, 
 Jour. 90. Electors, freemen and citizens. 
 
 1 CARDIFF (Glamorganshire), C. T. 27 H. 8, Jour. 
 262. Electors, the burgesses of Cardiff', Aberavor, 
 Cow Bridge, Kensigg, Llantrissent, Louglier, Neath, 
 sand Swansea. Male xcvii. 
 
 1 CARDIGANSHIRE, 27 H. 8, Jour. 251. 
 
 1 CARDIGAN Town, C. T. 27 H. 8, Jour. 252. Electors, 
 
 the burgesses of Cardigan, Aberystwitb, Lampeter; 
 and Alpar only, the Tregarron burgesses cannot vote. 
 L. D. 7 May, 1730. 1 Doug. 323. 3 Doug. 174-. 
 
 2 CARLISLE CITY, Corp. City, (Cumberland), 3 Cha. 1, 
 
 Jour. 43. Electors, the freemen. See resolutions 
 
 of the house of commons, 3 March, 1791, 17 Jour; 
 
 106. 23 Feb. 1711, 1712. 3 Lud. Sim. Ivii. 
 1 CAITHNESS AND BUTE, (Scotland), Anno 1707. 
 1-- CARMARTHENSHIRE, Jour. 253. 
 1 . CARMARTHEN TOWN, C. T. 27 H. 8, Jour. 254. 
 
 R. 0. the sheriffs. Electors; the burgesses, L. I). 
 
 March 19, 1727. 
 1 CARNARVONSHIRE, 27 H. 8. Jour. 255. 
 
 1 CARNARVON TOWN, C. T. 27 H. 8. Jour. 236. 
 
 R. O. the bailiff. Electors, the burgesses of Carnar 
 von, Criccieth, Pullely, Nevin, and Nonway. 
 
 2 CASTLE RISING, Norfolk, P. B.-ulfr. P. & Mary, 
 
 Jour. 119. R- 0. the mayor. Ekctors, about 50, 
 the free burgesses of this town. 
 a3
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. of 
 Member*. 
 
 2 CHESHIRE, 34 H. 8. Jour. 18. 
 
 8 CHESTER CITY, Corp. City, 34- H. 8, Jour. 1 0. R. 0. 
 the sheriffs. Electors, the freemen; but see L. D. 
 Dec. 2, 1690. (Sim. Ivii.) 
 
 2 CH1CHESTER, Sussex, C. T. 23 Ed. 1. Jour. 188. 
 Electors, the inhabitants paying scot and lot. 
 
 5 CHIPPENHAM (Wilts.) P. B." 23 Ed. 1, until 1 H. 6. 
 R. 0. the bailiff. Electors, about 169, the burgesses 
 and freemen being householders of, and rssident in 
 the ancient burgage houses. L. D. March 23, 1803. 
 
 2 CHRISTCHURCH (Hants.) C.T. 13 Eliz. Jour. 165. 
 Electors, inhabitants paying scot and lot. 
 
 2 CIRENCESTER (Gloster.) P. B. 13 Eliz. Jour. 78. 
 R. 0. the constables of the lord of the manor.* 
 Electors, inhabitant householders and inhabitants of 
 the Abbey, the Emary, and the Spiringate Lane, 
 but inmates cannot vote. There being no custom or 
 charter in this case, the House resolved that the in- 
 habitants householders, should vote, 21 May, l624. 
 See 2 Fras.447, Sim. lix. 
 
 1 CLACKMANNAN and KINROSS-SHIRE (Scotland), 
 
 Anne, Oct. 27, 1/07. Jour. 227. 
 
 2 CLITHEROE (Lancashire) P. B. 1 Eliz. Jour. 57. 
 
 R. 0. the bailiffs of this ancient borough. Electors, 
 the freeholders only as are described to be free 
 burghers seized for life, or in fee of burgage lands 
 or houses there. Res. July 16, 1660, "Feb. 4, 166l. 
 
 2 COCKERMOUTH (Cumberlaad), P. B. 23 Ed. 1, 
 Jour. 44. R. 0. the bailiff of court leet Electors, 
 by burgage tenure of the lord of the manor. 
 
 2 COLCHESTER (Essex), C.T. 23 Ed. 1. Jour. 73.-^ 
 Electors, the mayor, aldermen, common council, and 
 free burgesses not receiving alms. May 6, 1714. 
 Sim. lix. 
 
 2 CORFE CASTLE (Dorsetshire), C. T. U Eliz. Jour. 
 , 69. Electors, the lessees for life, or determinable 
 
 upon lives paying scot and lot, and also in the free- 
 holders in reversion, &e. upon such lease for years, 
 Jan. 2, 1719.
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Xo. of 
 Members. 
 
 2 COVENTRY Corp. City (Warwick.) 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 
 193, R. 0. the sheriffs. Electors, freemen duly, 
 sworn and enrolled, viz, persons having served seven 
 years' apprenticeship within the city or suburbs to 
 one and the same trade, also to the Fuller's Com- 
 pany, not receiving alms, or weekly charity r resol. 
 March 1, 1708 9, March 13, 1711. Receiving 
 Sir Thomas White's or Sir T. Wheatley's gifts, or, 
 sacrament or bread money no disqualification. 
 
 2 CUMBERLAND. See Jour. 42. 
 
 2 CRICKLADE(Wilts.)23Ed. 1, Jour. 213, P. R.R.O. the 
 bailiffs Electors, the freeholders, copyholders, and 
 leaseholders, for not less than three years, and free- 
 holders of the adjoining hundreds by special act of 
 parliament, 1782, resol. Feb. 20, ]696", (Sim. p. Ixi.) 
 la 1780, the borough being corrupt, the right of 
 election was extended to the freeholders of the ad- 
 joining hundreds, Male ciii. 
 
 1 CROM ARTY AND NAIRN SHIRES. Anne, 1707. 
 
 2 DARTMOUTH, alias Clifton Dartmouth Hardness, 
 
 (Devonshire;, C. T. 26 Ed. 1, Jour. 51 .-Electors, 
 the freemen declared by resolutions of the hous, 
 Nov. 28, 16"S9, Feb. 16, 1793. 
 1 DENBIGHSHIRE, 27 H. 8, Jour. 257. 
 
 1 DENBIGH TOWN, 27 H. 8, Jour. 258, C. T. Eke- 
 
 tors, the free burgesses of Denbigh Leon, alias Holt 
 and Ruthen, L. D. Feb. 7, 1743. 
 
 2 DERBYSHIRE, Jour. 4-5. 
 
 2 DERBY TOWN, C. T. 22 Ed. 1, Jour. 4-6. Electors, 
 the corporation, freemen, and sworn burgesses, (3 
 Doug. 290, Sim. Ixii. 
 
 2 DEVISES (Wilts.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 210. Elec- 
 tors, the mayor and a select number of burgesses, L. D. 
 March 21, lG88. 
 
 2 DEVONSHIRE, Jour, 47. 
 
 2 DORSETSHIRE, Jour. 6'2. 
 
 2 DORCHESTER C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 60, Electors, the 
 inhabitants paying to church and poor in respect of 
 their personal estates, and in such persons as pay 
 to church and poor in respect to their estates within, 
 the said borough, though not inhabitants or occupiers,
 
 APPENDIX. 
 u^iVn. DORCHESTER continued. 
 
 and though not rated to the poor, L. D. April 1V> 
 
 1791, Sim. Ixiii. 
 2 DOVER (Kent),.C. T. 2 Ed. 3, Jour. 240. Electors, 
 
 the freemea and free burgesses, whether resident or 
 
 not, L. D. 12 March, 1770. 
 2 DOWNTON (Wilts.) 23 Ed. 1, P. B. Jour. 205, R. 
 
 0. the mayor appointed at the lords' court leet. 
 
 Electors, about 85 burgage holders, L. D. 1780. 
 
 1 Doug. 235. 
 2 DROITWICH (Worcester.) C. T. 23; Ed. 1, Jour, 
 
 201, R. Q. the bailiff. Electors, the- burgesses of 
 
 the corporation of Salt Springs of Droitwich, L. D. 
 
 Nov. 11, 1690. 
 DUMFRIESSHIRE (Scotland), Anne, Oct. 22, 1707, 
 
 Sim. Ixiv. Jour. 279- 
 
 DUMBARTONSHIRE (Scotland), Ibid. Jour, 280. 
 DUNW1CH (Suffolk), C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 274, R. 
 
 0. the bailiffs. Electors, contradictory decisions as 
 
 to rights, but the last one (L. D. Feb. 5, 1708,) 
 
 declares, " only the freemen inhabitants within said 
 
 borough not receiving alms." 
 DURHAM COUNTY, 28 C, 2, first writ, 14 May, 
 
 16'75, Jour. 70. 
 DURHAM CITY, Corp. City. 28 C. 2, Jour. 71. 
 
 Electors, corporation and freemen. 
 
 2 EAST LOOE (Cornwall) C. T. 13 Eliz. Jour. 31. 
 Electors, the mayor, burgesses, and freemea. Vide 
 East Retford and Sim, p. Ixv* 
 
 1 EDINBURGHSHIRE, Anne, Oct. 27, 1707, Jour. 281. 
 
 2 EDMUND'S BURY (ST.) C. T. 30 Ed. 1, intermis- 
 
 sion until \ James 1, Jour. 179> R' 0. tbje alder- 
 men. Electors, 37,: the aldermen and corporation. 
 
 1 ELGINSHIRE (Scotland,) Anne, Oct. 1707, Jour. 282. 
 
 2 ESSEX COUNTY, Jour. 72. 
 
 2 EVESHAM (Worcestershire), C. T. 23 Ed. ], but dis 
 continued until 1 James 1. Electors, common bur-' 
 gesses, Sep. 22, 1669. Electors, viz. the mayor,, 
 aldermen, capital and other burgesses, members of 
 the corporation, and not in the mayor, aldermen, and 
 freemen, and inhabitants paying scot and lot. L. D. 
 18J9,
 
 APPENDIX, 
 
 Xo. of 
 
 Members. 
 
 2 EXETER (Devon.) Corp. City, 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 49, 
 R. 0. the sheriff. Electors, the freemen, L. D. 
 June 4, 1660. 
 
 2 EYE (Suffolk), C. T. 13 Eliz. Jour. 178, J?. 0. the 
 bailiff. Electors^ inhabitants paying scot and lot. 
 
 1 FIFESHIRE (Scotland) Anne, Oct. 27, 1707, Jour. 283 
 1 FLINTSHIRE, 27 H. 8, Jour. 25p. 
 
 1 FLINT (Town) C. T. 27 H. 8, Jour. 260. Electors, 
 
 decisions of the house contradictory, first in the 
 inhabitants of the boroughs of Flint, Rhycllan, Over- 
 ton, Caerwys, and Caergurly, and Knolton and Over- 
 ton paying scot and lot, L. D. 21 May, 1728,-f- 
 April 5, 1737, but Knolton and Overton have not 
 a right, L. D. March lp, 1741, 174-2. 
 
 2 FOWEY (Cornwall), Jour. 36, P. B. R. 0. the port- 
 
 reeve. Electors, the Prince's (as Duke of Cornwall) 
 tenants for his manor of the borough of Fowey who 
 have been duly admitted on the court rolls of his 
 manor, ad have done fealty, and who are capable 
 of being portreeves, and such of the inhabitants 
 only as pay scot and lot, the titles to whose lands 
 must have been presented at a court baron by a 
 sworn homage or jury of the freeholders of the said 
 manor, L. D. May 5, 1701, March 21, 1792. See 
 Fowey case, 1810. 
 
 1 FORFARSHIRE (Scotland) Anne, 1707. 
 
 2 GATTON (Surrey) P. B. 29 H. 6, Jour. 185, R. 0. 
 
 the constable who is annually chosen at the court 
 leet of the lord of the manor. Electors, the free- 
 holders and inhabitants paying scot and lot, L. D* 
 Dec. 15, \6g6. 
 
 2 GERMAIN'S ST. (Cornwall) 5 Eliz. Jour. 37, R. 0. 
 the portreeve who is annually chosen at the lord of 
 the manor's court. Electors, the freemen. 
 
 1 GLAMORGANSHIRE, Jourt 261. 
 
 2 GLOUCESTERSHIRE, Jour. 75. 
 
 2 GLOUCESTER CITY, C. 0. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 77, R< 
 0. the sheriffs. Electors, the freeman,
 
 APPENDIX". 
 
 No. of 
 
 MU5r.. 
 
 GRAMPOUND (Cornwall,) C. T. 6 Ed. 6, Jour. SO; 
 LATE returning officer the mayor LATE Electors, may- 
 or, recorder, and inhabitants paying scot and lot, dis- 
 franchised for corruption by a late act of parliament; 
 and (2) the number of members transferred to York- 
 shire. 
 
 2 GRANTHAM (Lincolnshire,) G. T. Ed. 4, Jour. 108, 
 li. 0. the aldermen. Electors, the freemen not 
 receiving alms, L. D. Jan. 11, 1710. 
 
 2 GR1MSBY, GREAT (Lincolnshire), C. T. 26 Ed. 1 
 Jour. 106. Electors, the freemen admitted at a full 
 court by the mayor, aldermen, common council, and 
 burgesses, said- freemen being resident and paying 
 scot and lot in all cases, except where no rate has 
 taken place subsequent to their admission, L. IX 
 11 April, 1793. 
 
 2 GRINSTEAD (East), 1 Ed. 2, Jour. 195, P. B. R. 0. 
 the bailiff who is annually chosen by the burgage 
 holders of the Duke of Dorset Electors, 38 " bur- 
 gage holders only, and not burgage holders and in- 
 habitants," L. D. 9 Feb. 1595. 
 
 2 GUILDFORD (Surrey), C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour, 184-. 
 Electors,, the- president, freemen, and freeholders 
 paying scot and lot, L. D. 24- April, 1699. In this 
 case a person who had served seven years as a freeman, 
 was declared by the House to be ipso facto as a free* 
 man, L. D. Feb. 3, 17 10. 
 
 1 HADDINGTONSHIRE (Scotland) 1 Anne, Oct. 27, 
 
 1707, Jour. 285. 
 
 2 HARWICH (Essex), C. T. 17 Ed. 3, discontinued 
 
 till 12 James 1, Jour. 75. Electors, about S5, the 
 mayor, aldermen, and capital burgesses, or head- 
 boroughs resident within the parish. 
 
 2 HASLEMERE (Surrey), P. B. 27 Eliz. Jour. 186', 
 R. 0, the bailiff of the lord' of the manor Electors, 
 the resident freeholders lying within the borough and 
 manor, or whether they pay rent to the lord thereof 
 or not, exclusive of any lands, &c. which are or have- 
 been parcel of i&aste ground of sakl manor, or any 
 messuages, &c. standing therton, L. D. 23 April, 
 1755.
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. of 
 Mptnbor?. 
 
 a HASTINGS (Sussex), C. T. 42 Ed. 3, Jour. 233. 
 Electors, the mayor, jurats, and freemen resident, 
 and not receiving alms, L. D. Jan. 30, 1698. 
 
 1 HAVEIIFORD WEST (Pembroke.) C. T. 27 H. 8, 
 
 Jour. 208. Electors, the freeholders, burgesses, and 
 inhabitants paying scot and lot, and not receiving 
 alms, L. D. 4 July, 17 14-. 
 
 2 IIELjsiON (Cornwall), C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 26. By 
 
 charter 27 Efiz. the freemen were to be elected by- 
 the mayor, aldermen, and commonalty, but soon 
 after the charter, the mayor and aldermen made a 
 bye law, confirming the right of electing freemen 
 to themselves only. The kings bench and house of 
 lords declared this illegal, and judgment of ouster 
 was proclaimed, whereby the corporation was dis- 
 solved in 1712. The crown granted a new charter, 
 declaring the right of electing freemen to be in the 
 mayor, four aldermen, and thirty-one freemen. 
 See proceedings in Male cxii. on this. 
 
 2 HEREFORDSHIRE. See Jour. 80. 
 
 '2 HEREFORD CITY, Corp. City, 28 Ed. 1. See Jour. 
 81. Electors, the citizens and freemen. 
 
 -.2 -HERTFORDSHIRE, Jour. 84. 
 
 a HERTFORD (Herts.) C. T. 26 Ed. 1, w.ith inter- 
 missions until 1611, Jour. 86. Electors, the inha- 
 bitants not receiving alms, and in such freemen only 
 as at the time of their being made free were inha- 
 bitants of this borough, or the parishes thereof, 
 there being only three in number ef no resident 
 freemen, L. D. 3 Dec. 1705. 
 
 2 HEYDON, OR HEDON (York.) C. T. 23 Ed. I, 
 until 1 Ed. 6, Jour. 231. Electors, the burgesses, 
 L. D. 3 April, 1746. 
 
 5 HEYTESBURY (Wilts.) P. B. 27 H. 6, Jur. 207, 
 /?. 0. the bailiff Electors, about 60,burgage holders. 
 
 a 'HICHAM FERRARS (Northampton.) C. T. 2 and 9, 
 P. and M. Jour. 134. Electors, mayor, aldermen, 
 burgesses, and freemen being householders, and nt 
 receiving alms, Jan. 28, 1702.
 
 APPENDIX. 
 No. of 
 
 Members. 
 
 1 LINLITHGOWSHIRE (Scotland), 1707, Jour. 290. 
 
 2 LITCHFIELD (Staffords.) C. T. 33 Ed. I to Ed. 6, 
 
 Jour. 168. R. 0. the sheriff. Electors, the bailiffs, 
 magistrates, freeholders of 40s. per ann. and all that 
 hold by burgage tenure, and in such freemen only 
 as are enrolled. L. D. 10 Dec. 1718. 
 
 2 LIVERPOOL (Lancashire), C. T. Ed. 6, Jour. 100. 
 Electors, the mayor, bailiffs aad freemen not receiving 
 alms. L. D. March 5, 1729. 
 
 4 LONDON CITY, Corp. City, 49 H. 3, Jour. 111. 
 R. 0. the sheriffs. Electors, the livery of London. 
 See act of parliament, 1725. 
 
 2 LUDLOW (Salop) C. T. 12 Ed. 4, Jour. 142. R. 0. 
 the bailiffs by charter. Electors, the burgesses and 
 sons of burgesses, and husbands of daughters of bur- 
 gesses are entitled to be made burgesses and vote. 
 L. D. 1 March, 1698. Sim. Ixxii. 
 
 2 LUDGERSHALL (Wilts.) P. B. 23 Ed 1 to 9 H. 6. 
 Jour. 215 R. O. the bailiff of the lord of the manor. 
 Electors, persons having any estate of inheritance, a 
 .'reehold or leasehold, determinate on a life or lives 
 within the said borough, not confined to ancient 
 houses or the scites thereof. April 15, 1791, L. D. 
 May 20, 1723. 
 
 2 LYME REGIS (Dorset.) C. T. 23 E(L I, Jour. 63. 
 Electors, the mayor, capital burgesses and freemen. 
 L. D. Feb. 28, 1727. 
 
 2 LYMINGTON (Wants.) C. T. 27 Eliz. Jour. 164. 
 Electors, the mayor and burgesses only, and not in 
 the mayor, burgesses, and inhabitants. L. D. 
 11 Jan. 1710. 
 
 2 LYNN REGIS (Norfolk) P. B. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. Il6. 
 Electors, the freemen. 
 
 2 MAIDSTONE, (Kent), C. T. Ed. 6, lost its right 'till 
 2 Eliz. Electors, freemen not receiving alms or 
 charity, L. D. 10 Feb. 1701. Dec. 8, I?02. 
 
 2 MALDEN (Essex) C. T. 2 Ed. 3. Jour. 74 R. O. the 
 
 bailiff by charter. Electors, freemen not receiving 
 alms, persons entitled to freedom by birth, marriage, 
 or servitude; but persons claiming their freedom 
 from honorary freemen, or by purchase, and exercis-
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Mwtari MALDEN continued. 
 
 ing trades within the borough have no right. L. D 
 
 20 May, 1715. 
 2 MALMESBURY, (Wilts.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 212. 
 
 R. 0, the alderman. Electors, the aldermen and 12 
 
 capital burgesses, L. D. 13 Dec. 1702. 
 2 MALDON or MALTON (Yorks.) P. B. restored 1640, 
 
 Jour. 233. R. 0. the bailiff of the lord of the 
 
 manor. Electors, the burgage holders, and inhabi- 
 
 ants rated to church and poor. 
 
 2 MARLBOROUGH (Wilts.) P. B. 23 Ed. I, Jour. 218. 
 
 Electors, about 25, mayor and burgesses only. L. D. 
 13 May, 1717. 
 
 3 MARLOW, GREAT, (Bucks.) P. B. 21 James 1, Jour. 
 
 14. JR. 0. the constable chosen by the court of the 
 lord of the manor. Electors, the inhabitants paying 
 scot and lot. L. D. 21 Nov. l6$0. 
 
 2 MAWS, ST. (Cornwall), C. T. 5 Eliz. Jour. 40. 
 Electors, the mayor or portreeve, and the resident 
 burgesses. 
 
 2 MICHAEL'S, ST. or Mitchell (Cornwall), P. B. 
 7 Ed. 6, Jour. 38. R. 0. the portreeve. Electors, 
 the portreeve and lords of the manor who are capa- 
 ble of being portreeves, and the inhabitants paying 
 scot and lot. L. D. 20 March, 1700. Sim. Ixxv. 
 
 4 MELCOMBE REGIS, &c. See Weymouth, Jour. 6"5. 
 
 1 MEREONETHSHIRE, 27 H. 8. Jour. 263. 
 
 2 MIDDLESEX, Jour. 209. 
 
 2 MIDHU RST (Sussex), P. B. 4 Ed. 2. Jour. 190. R. 0. 
 the bailiff of the lord of the manor. Electors, about, 
 110, the burgage holders. 
 
 2 MILBOURNE PORT (Somerset) C. T. 26 Edw. I. 
 Jour. 153. Electors, the capital bailiffs and their 
 deputies, commonalty, stewards, and other inhabit- 
 ants paying scot and lot. L. D. Dec. 8, 1702. 
 
 2 MINEHEAD (Somerset) P.B. 1 Eliz. Jour. 151. R. 0. 
 the bailiff or two constables of the lord of the manor. 
 L. D. 13 June 1717. Electors, the parishioners of 
 Minehead and Dunster, being housekeepers in the 
 borough of Minehead, and not receiving alms. L. D, 
 Feb. 24, 1717. 
 
 2 MONMOUTHSHIRE, 27 H. 8. Jour. 112.
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. of 
 Members. 
 
 J MONMOUTH TOWN, C. T. 27 H. 8. Jour. 113. 
 
 R. 0. the bailiffs. Electors, the inhabitants of the 
 
 j borough of Newport and Uske, and not the burgesses 
 
 and inhabitants of Monmouth onlv. L. D. 26 Nov. 
 
 1680. 
 
 1 MONTGOMERYSHIRE, 27 H. 8. Jour. 264. 
 
 1 MONTGOMERY TOWN, C. T. 27 H. 8. Jour. 265. 
 
 R. O. the bailiffs Electors, the burgesses of the 
 boroughs only. L. D. April 16, 1728. 
 
 2 MORPETH (Northumberland) P. B. 1 Mary, Jour. 127. 
 
 .R. 0. two bailiffs choseu at the lord of the manor's 
 court. Electors, 220, the bailiffs and free burgesses 
 only, L. D. 9 March, 1695. 
 
 2 NEWARK (Notts.) C. T. 24 C. 2. Jour. 132. Electors, 
 mayor, alderman, and all the inhabitants paying 
 scot and lot, L. D. 22 March, 179J. 
 
 2 NEWCASTLE UNDER LYNE (Stafford) C. T. Jour. 
 170. Electors, the resident freemeu, L. D. 21 March, 
 1794. 
 
 2 NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE (Northumberland) C. T. 
 23 Ed. 1. Jour. 126, R. 0. the sheriff. Electors, 
 2600, the .corporation and free burgesses, L. D. 27 
 Feb. 1705. . 
 
 2 NEWPORT (Cornwall) P. B. 7 Ed. 6. Jour. 39. R. 0. 
 two vianders chosen at the court of the lord of the 
 manor. Electors, said vianders with scot and lot 
 inhabitants. 
 
 2 NEWPORT (Isle of Wight, Hants.) P. B. 23 Ed. 1. 
 Jour. 160. Electors, the mayor 11 aldermen and 12 
 burgesses. 
 
 2 NEWTOWN (Lancashire) P. B. 1 Eliz. Jour. 97. R. O. 
 steward of the lord of the manor. Electors, about 
 40, the free burgesses or freemen seised of a cor- 
 poreal estate of freehold of the value of 40s. a year 
 and upwards, L. D. Dec. 11, 1796. ^eniwl 
 
 2. NEWTOWN (Isle of Wight, Hants.) C. T. 27 Eliz. 
 Jour. 162. -Electors, about 40, the mayor and bur- 
 gesses holding borough lands, L. D. 22 April, 1729. 
 
 2 NORFOLK. Jour. 114
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. of 
 Members. 
 
 2 NORTH ALLERTON (York.) P. B. 26 Ed. l. Jour. 
 237. R. 0. the bailiff appointed by the Bishop of 
 Durham, lord of the manor. 'Electors, about 1801, 
 the burgage holders. 
 
 2 NORTHAMPTONSHIRE, Jour. 120. 
 
 2 NORTHAMPTON TOWN, C. T. 23 Ed. 1. Jour. 
 122. Electors, the inhabitants being householders, 
 not receiving alms, and the sharing in a charitable 
 gift given at Christmas in this borough, is a taking 
 of alms, L. D. Ap. 26, 1665. 
 
 1 NORTHUMBERLAND, Jour. 125. 
 
 2 NORWICH CITY, Corp. City, 23 Ed. 1. Jour. 115. 
 
 R. 0. the sheriffs. Electors, the freeholders and 
 such freemen only of this city as are entered in the 
 books and do not receive alms or charity. 12 March, 
 1701. Resolved if freemen of this city had neg- 
 lected to demand their freedom, before the teste of 
 the writ of election, they had no right to vote, March 
 12, 1702, 
 
 2 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE, Jour. 129. 
 
 -2 NOTTINGHAM TOWN, C. T. 26 Ed. I. Jour. 130. 
 R. 0. the sheriffs. Electors, the mayor, freemen, 
 and freeholders of 40s. per ann. Persons being 
 the eldest sons of freemen by their birth, or being 
 the youngest sons of freemen who have served 7 
 years' apprenticeship at any place, and also servitude 
 by apprenticeship to a freeman of Nottingham, 
 might demand their freedom, L. D. 10 June, 1701. 
 
 2 OAKM AMPTON (Devon) C. T. 28 Ed. 7. Ed. 2. 16 C. 
 I. Jour. 51. Electors, the freeholders and freemen 
 who are made free by charter and bye laws, L. D. 
 Feb. 24-, 1710. 
 
 2 ORFORD (Suffolk) C. T. Ed. 1, to H. 8. Joor. 175. 
 Electors, the mayor, portreeve, capital burgesses, and 
 freemen not receiving alms, Feb. 10, 1609. Jan. 29, 
 1708. 
 
 1 ORKNEY AND ZETLANDSHIRES (Scot.) Anne,. 
 
 1707. Jour. 291. 
 
 2 OXFORDSHIRE, Jour. 133. 
 
 bl
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Ko. of 
 Membori. 
 
 2 OXFORD UNIVERSITY, 1 James 1. Jour. 134, R. Q. 
 the vice chancellor. Electors, the Doctors and 
 actual masters. 
 
 5 OXFORD CITY, Corp. City. 23. Ed. 1. Jour. 135. 
 Electors, the mayor, the 15 magistrates so called, 
 and common council, making in all 48, in the free- 
 men, L. D. Feb. 19, l620. 
 
 1 PEEBLESHIRE (Scot.) Anne, 1707. Sim". Ixxviii. 
 
 Jour. 292. 
 
 .. PEMBROKESHIRE, 27 H. 8. Jour. 266. 
 
 J PEMBROKE TOWN, C. T. 27 H. 8. Jour. 267. Elec- 
 tors, the mayor, bailiffs, and burgesses of the boroughs 
 of Pembroke, Tenby, and Whiston, L. D. Feb. 23, 
 1711. 
 
 2 PENRYN (Cornwall) C. T. 7 Ed. 6. Jour. 32. R. 0. 
 
 mayor and portreeve. Electors, the mayor, portreeve, 
 aldermen and inhabitants paying scot and lot. 
 Sir C. Hawkins declared guilty of bribery, and although 
 elected he did not sit. Feb. 4-, 1807. 
 
 1 PERTHSHIRE (Scot.) Anne, 1707. Jour. 306. 
 
 2 PETERBOROUGH CITY, (Northamptonshire) Corp. 
 
 City. 1 Ed. 6. Jour. 121. -R. 0. the bailiff appointed 
 by the dean and chapter. Electors, the inhabitants, 
 paying scot and lot. L. D.June 16, 1701, explained 
 to be the inhabitants within the precincts of the 
 minster there, being householders, and in the other 
 inhabitants within the city paying scot and lot. May 
 13, 17^8. 
 
 2 PETERSFIELD (Hants) C.T.) Ed. 1 . to Ed. 6. Jour. 159- 
 R. 0. the mayor, who is chosen annually at the 
 court leet of the lord of the manor. Electors, the 
 freeholders of lands or ancient dwelling houses, or 
 shambles built upon ancient foundations, May 9, 
 1727. 
 
 2 PLYMOUTH (Devon) C. T. 26 Ed. 1. to 20 H. 6. 
 Jour. 50. Electors, the mayor and commonalty June 
 9, 1660. the word "commonalty" only tends to 
 freemen of the said borough, Jan. 17, 1739.
 
 APPRNDX. 
 
 No. of 
 Members. 
 
 2 PLYMPTON EARLE (Devon.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1 . Jour/ 
 53. R. 0. the mayor and bailiff: Electors, the mayor, 
 bailiff and freemen, and sons of freemen, who have a 
 right to demand their freedom, L. D. 28 Jan. 1702. 
 
 2 PONTEFRACT (York.) C. T. 26 Ed. 1. to James J. 
 Jour. 238. Electors, the inhabitants (householders) 
 resident there, L. D, 28 May, 1624-, but they must 
 have a freehold, burgage tenure within said borough, 
 paying burgage rent, Feb. 5, 1770. Sim. Ixxx. 
 
 2 POOLE (Dorset.) C. T. 36 Ed. 3. to 31 H. 6. Jour. 61. 
 R. 0. the sheriff. Electors, about 100, burgesses 
 whether out or in, burgesses, L. D. June 15, 1601. 
 
 2 PORTSMOUTH (Hants) C. T. 23 Ed. 1. to 29 H. 6.. 
 Jour. 157. Electors, about 60, mayor, aldermen, 
 and burgesses, L. D. Jan. 24-, 1695. Sim. Ixxx. 
 
 '2 PRESTON (Lancas.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1. restored by Ed. 6. 
 Jour. 95. Dec. 18. 1661. Electors, all the inha- 
 bitants, not such as were " In burgesses" of the last 
 guild, or those since admitted by a copy of court roll 
 who are inhabitants, but all the inhabitants at large, 
 Nov. 28, 1768. By resolution 1781, inhabitants does 
 not mean in burgesses resident. It is said that fruit- 
 less attempts have been made in Parliament to 
 restrain this almost universal suffrage. 
 
 2 QUEENBOROUGH (Kent) C. T. 13 Eliz. Jour. 93, 
 Electors, about 140, mayor, jurats, aad bailiffs only, 
 L. D. 17 April, 1729. Sim Ixxxi. 
 
 1 RADNORSHIRE, 27 H. 8, Jour. 269. 
 
 1 RADNOR NEW (Radnor.) C. T. 27 H. 8, Jour. 270, 
 
 R. 0. the bailiffs by charter. Electors, about 1200, 
 viz. the burgesses of Radnor, Ryader, Knighton, 
 Knuckless, andKevenlice only. L. D. Nov. 12, 1690. 
 
 2 READING (Berks) C. T. 23 Ed. 3. Jour. 5. Electors, 
 
 the inhabitants only paying scot and lot, L. D May 
 30, 1716.
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 No. of 
 Members. 
 
 2 RETFORD EAST Notts.) C. T. 9 Ed. 2 to 13 EHz. 
 Jour. 131, R. 0. the bailiffs by charter. Electors, 
 freemen that have a right to their freedom by birth as 
 eldest sons of ffeemeq, or by seven years appren- 
 ticeship, or have it by redemption, inhabiting the 
 said borough at the time they were made free, L. D. 
 Jan. 11, 1710. 
 
 1 RENFREWSHIRE (Scotland), Anne, 1707. 
 
 2 RICHMOND (York.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 230. 
 
 Electors, 270 only, the owners of ancient burgages 
 
 in this borough, having a right of pasture in common 
 
 called whitecliffe pasture, L. D. 9 March, 1727. 
 2 RIPPON (York.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1 , Jour. 229. Electors, 
 
 170, the burgage holders. 
 2 ROCHESTER CITY, Corp. City, 23 Ed. 1, Joar. 91. 
 
 Electors, about 1100, all the freemen not receiving 
 
 alms or charity, March, 2, 1807. 
 2 ROMNEY NEW (Kent) C. T. 43 Ed. 3, Jour. 249. 
 
 Electors, mayor, five jurats, and tweuty-six freemen 
 
 only. 
 1 ROSS-SHIRE (Scotland) Anne, 1707, Jour. 295. 
 
 1 ROXBURGHSHIRE Scotland) Anne, 1707, Jour. 296. 
 
 2 RUTLANDSHIRE, Journal 281. 
 
 2 RYE (Sussex), C. T. 42 Ed. 3, Jour. 244. Electors, 
 the mayor, jurats, and freemen inhabiting iu the said 
 port, and paying scot and lot, L. D. 19 Dec. 1702. 
 Sim. Ixxxii. 
 
 2 RIEGATE (Surrey) P. B. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 183, R. 0. 
 the bailiff. Electors, the freeholders. 
 
 2 SALOP COUNTY OR SHROPSHIRE, Jour. 139. 
 
 2 SALTASH (Cornwall), C. T. Ed. 6, Jour. 27. 
 Electors, corporation and freeholders formerly, but 
 resolved that the mayor and free burgesses of the 
 same being members of the corporation within the 
 same, and no other persons were entitled, 2 Lud. 
 108, L. D. 19 Feb. 1807. 
 
 2 SANDWICH (Kent), C. T. one of the cinque ports, 
 42 Ed. 3, Jour. 24 1 . Electors, freemen resident 
 and non resident not reviving alms, L. D. 31 Oct. 
 1690.,
 
 No. of 
 Members. 
 
 2 SALISBURY CITY, OR NEW SARUM (Wilts.) 
 Corp. City, 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 203. Electors, mayor 
 and corporation consisting of 56 persons, L. D. 
 1 April, 1689. 
 
 2 SARUM, OLD (Wilts.) P. B. 23 Ed. 3, Jour. 2l6. 
 Electors, seven or eight freeholders, being burgage 
 holders of this borough, L. D. 14- Nov. 1688. 
 
 2 SCARBOROUGH (Yorks.) C. T. 23 Ed. 3. Jour. 228, 
 R. 0. the bailiffs by charter. Electors, the two 
 bailiffs, two coroners, four chamberlains, and thirty- 
 six burgesses, L. D. 21 April, 1736. 
 
 x> SEAFORD (Sussex) C. T. belonging to Hastings, one 
 .. t nq; .of the Cinque ports, l6 Chas. 1, Jour. 246. R. 0. 
 the bailiff. Electors, the bailiffs, jurats, and free- 
 men, and the "Popularity," also L. D. Feb. 10, 1 671, 
 1 Doug. 3 Doug. 29> this restricted by resolution 19 
 March, 1792, 1793, 3 Lud. 39, to inhabitants, 
 housekeepers of said town and port paying scot and 
 lot, and in them only, 3 Lud. 39 
 
 1 SELKIRKSHIRE (Scotland) Anne, 1707, Jour. 97. 
 
 2 SHAFTESBURY, OR SHAFTON (Dorset,) C. T. 
 
 26 Ed. lj Jour. 67. Electors, the inhabitants pay- 
 ing scot and lot. and not the mayor and burgesses, 
 L. D. Feb. 29, 1695. 
 
 2 SHOREHAM, NEW (Sussex) P. B. 23 Ed. 1. Jour. 
 J92. R. 0. the constables of this borough. 
 Electors, formerly tbe inhabitants paying scot and lot, 
 but on acts of corruption being proved, an act passed 
 in 1771, enabling all the 405. freeholders in the 
 Rape of Bramber, being the adjoining hundred to 
 vote. with said inhabitants. 
 
 2 SHREWSBURY (Salop.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 140. 
 
 . Ju<i ^'Electors, the inhabitant burgesses of said borough, 
 or suburbs thereof paying scot and lot, -and not 
 receiving alms or charity, L. D. 20 Dec. 1709, 
 9 April, 1723, 1 Doug. 463, but by resolution of 
 
 27 May, 1714, it was declared electors to be the 
 mayor, aldermen, and burgesses only and the ad- 
 joining parishes and villages, no part of such suburbs, 
 Sim. Ixxxv. 
 
 2 SOMERSETSHIRE, Jour. 145.
 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 No. of 
 Members. 
 
 2 SOUTHAMPTON, OR HAMPSHIRE, Jour. 154. 
 
 2 SOUTHAMPTON TOWN, C. T. 23 Ed. l, Jour. 
 156, R. 0. the mayor and bailiffs. Electors, the 
 burgesses and inhabitants, L. D. Dec. 31, 1689, 
 the outliving burgesses also entitled, all such bur- 
 gesses paying scot and lot. 
 
 2 SOUTHWARK (Surrey) governed by the lord mayor 
 of london, by charter, 23 Ed. 1, J6ur. 181, R. 0. 
 the bailiff. Electors, the inhabitants paying scot 
 and lot, L. D. Nov. 10, 1702, 29 June, 1714, 
 Sim. Ixxxvii. 
 
 2 STAFFORDSHIRE, Jour. 167. 
 
 2 STAFFORD TOWN, C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 169. 
 Electors, 500, mayor, aldermen, and burgesses resi- 
 dent within the borough, L. D. Nov. 27, 1722, 
 1 Doug. 212, 213. 
 
 2 STAMFORD (Lincoln.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour, 107. 
 Electors, about 500, the inhabitants paying scot and 
 lot, and not receiving alms or public charities. L. D. 
 8 March, 1735, 3 Doug. 86. 
 
 2 STEYNING (Sussex) P. B. 4 Ed. 2, Jour. 194, R. 0. 
 the constable chosen at the lord of the manor's court. 
 Electors, the constable and householders inhabitants 
 within said borough paying scot and lot, and aot 
 receiving alms, L. D. April 4, 1792. Sim. Ixxxvii. 
 
 1 STIRLINGSHIRE, Anne, 1707, Jour. 298. 
 
 2 STOCKBRIDGE (Hants.) P. B. 1 Eliz. Jour. l6l, 
 
 R. 0. bailiff by charter. Electors, inhabitants pay- 
 ing scot and lot. 
 
 2 SUDBURY (Suffolk) C. T. 1 Eliz. Jour, m. Elec- 
 tors, freemen and sons of freemen born after their 
 fathers are made free, and persons having served 
 seven years' apprenticeship, or been made freemen 
 by redemption, L. D. 6 Dec. 1703. 
 
 4 SUFFOLK, Jour. 172. 
 
 2 SURRY, Jour. 180. 
 
 2 SUSSEX, Jour. 187. 
 
 1 SUTHERLANDSHIRE (Scotland) Anne, 1/07, Jour. 
 299-
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Members. 
 
 2 TAM WORTH (Stafford, and Warwick.) C. T. 5 li z . 
 Jour. 171, R' 0. bailiffs by charter. Electors, inha- 
 bitants householders paving scot and lot, and not 
 receiving alms, L. D. 22 Jan. 1722. 
 
 2 TAVISTOCK (Devon.) P. B. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 55, R. 
 0. the Portreeve chosen at the lord of the manor's 
 court. Electors, perhaps 20, freeholders of inhe- 
 ritance in possession being inhabitants of the 
 borough, March 13, l6<?5, Feb. 4, 1696, Jan. lp, 
 1702. 
 
 2 TAUNTON (Somerset.) P. B. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 149. 
 Electors, inhabitants pot-wallers, and not receiving 
 alms or charity, L. D. July, 1715. 
 
 2 TEWKESBURY, (Gloster.) C. T. 22 James l, Jour. 
 79, R. O. the bailiffs. Electors, inhabitants paying 
 scot and lot,'freemen at large, and all persons, seized 
 ,_-- of a freehold, entered "dwelling house," within the 
 ancient limits of said borough, L. D. March I, 
 1797. 
 
 2 THETFORD (Norfolk) C. T. 1 Ed. 6, Jour. 118. 
 Electors, mayor, burgesses, or aldermen, and com- 
 monalty, or common council, amounting in the 
 whole to 31. L. D. June 7, 1685. 
 
 2 THIRSKE (Yorks.) P. B. Ed. 6, Jour. 234. R: 0. the 
 bailiff of the manor. Electors, 45, the burgage 
 holders of Old Thirske. 
 
 2 TIVERTON (Devon.) C. T. l6l5. James 1, Jour. 59. 
 Electors 26, mayor, recorder, burgesses and assist- 
 ants. 
 
 2 TOTNESS (Devon.) P. B. 23. Ed. 1, Jour. 59. Electors 
 freemen whether resident or not. L. D. 4 March, 
 1695. 
 
 2 TREGONY (Cornwall) C. T. 23 Ed. 1. Jour. 24. Elec- 
 tors, 24, the mayor and select burgesses. L. D. 
 21 May, 1689, 
 
 '2 WALLINGFORD (Berks.) C. T, 23 Ed. 1, Jour.23. 
 Electors, mayor, aldermen, bailiffs, 18 burgesses or 
 assistants, and the inhabitants paying scot and lot, 
 and not receiving alms, L. D. 15 Dec. 1709.
 
 No. of 
 Members. 
 
 2 WAREHAM (Dorset.) C. T. 30 Ed. I, Jour. 68. 
 Electors, mayor and magistrates of the borough who 
 pay scot and lot, and freeholders of lands or tene- 
 ments there, who have been, bonajide, to their own 
 use in the occupation or receipt of rents thereof for 
 one year before the election, except freeholders by 
 descent, devise, marriage, &c. L. D. May 19 1747, 
 1 Doug. 213. 
 
 2 WARWICKSHIRE. Jour. 191. 
 
 2 WARWICK TOWN, C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 199. 
 Electors, about 520, persons only who pay to church 
 and poor in said borough, L. D. 22 Jan. 1722, con- 
 firmed, Feb. 18, 1793. 
 
 2 WELLS CITY (Somersets ) C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 148. 
 Electors, about 550, mayor, masters and burgesses, 
 and such persons as'are by consent of the mayor and 
 common council admitted to tbeir freedom in any of 
 the seven .trading companies on account of birth, ser- 
 vitude, or marriage, L. D. May 2, 1723, ibid. 18 
 April, 1729, ibid. 14 March, 1734. 
 
 2 WENDOVER (Bucks.) P. B. 28 Ed. to 21 James, 
 Jour. 13, R. 0. constables of the lord of the ma- 
 nor's leet. Electors, inhabitant householders within 
 the said borough not receiving alms. Persons resid- 
 ing by certificate have no votess, L. D. Nov. 21, 
 1701 2. 
 
 2 WEN LOCK (Salop.) C. T. Ed. 4, Jour. 140. R. (). 
 bailiff by charter. Electors, about 1 10, burgees. 
 
 2 WEOBLY (Herts.) P. B. 23 Ed. 1 to 16 Cha. I, Jour. 
 S3. Electors, about 86, inhabitants of the ancient 
 vote houses residing therein 40 days before the day 
 of election, paying scot and lot, and also the ownei.s 
 of snch houses resident therein at the time of elec- 
 tion, L. D. 3 iMarch, 1736. 
 
 2 WEST LOOE (Cornwall) C. T. 6 Ed. 4, Jour. 29. 
 Electors, mayor, aldermen, burgesses, and freemen. 
 
 2 WESTMINSTER CITY AND LIBERTY (Middlesex) 
 1 Ed. 4, Jour. 110. R. 0. The high bailiff, who is 
 appointed by the dean and chapter of Westminster, 
 and confirmed by the high steward. Electors, in- 
 habitant householders paying scot and bt within
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Meis. WESTMINSTER continued. 
 
 the united parishes of St. Margaret and St. John 
 the several parishes of St. Paul, Covent Garden, 
 
 St. Anne, 
 
 St. James, 
 
 St. George, Hanover Square, 
 
 Sf. Martin in the Fields, 
 
 St. Clements, Danes 
 
 ..., St. Mary-le-Strand, 
 
 including such parts of the said parishes as are within 
 any of the four wards of the liberty of the Duchy of 
 Lancaster, and of the liberty of St. Mary-le-Strand, 
 and of the Savoy Precinct. L. D. May 11. 1589. (See 
 Preamble to 51 G. 3, c. 126. 
 
 2 WESTMORLAND, Jour. 200. 
 
 4 WEYMOUTH and MELCOMBE-REGIS (Dorset) two 
 corporate towns united by Queen Elizabeth. Weym. 
 12 Ed. Mel. Regis, 8 Ed. 2. Jour. 64, 65. Electors, 
 mayor, aldermen, bailiffs, and capital burgesses in- 
 habiting the said borough, and freeholders of premises 
 therein, and not receiving alms. L. D. May 7, 1730. 
 
 2 WHITCHURCH (Hants) P. B. 27 Eliz. Jour. 165, 
 Electors, freeholders only of lands or tenements in 
 right of themselves or their wives, and not split since 
 the passing of the Splitting Act, 7 and 8 W. 3. L. D. 
 21 Dec. 1708. 
 
 2 W1GAN (Lancash.) C. T. 2 Ed. 6. Jour. 98. -Electors, 
 about 220, free burgesses. 
 
 1 WIGTONSHIRE (Scotland) Anne, 1707, Jour. 100. 
 
 2 WILTON (Wilts.) C. T. 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 204. Electors, 
 
 about 80, mayor and burgesses, who are to do all 
 corporate acts and receive the Sacrament. L. D. 
 Nov. 28, 1702. 
 
 2 WILTSHIRE, Jour. 202. 
 
 2 W T INCHELSEA, C. T. one of the Cinque Ports. 
 23 Ed. 1, Jour. 155. Electors, mayor, jurats, and 
 freemen, L. D. 1 1 Feb. 1711. 
 
 2 WINCHESTER CITY (Hants.) Corp. City, 23 Ed. 1. 
 Jour. 155. Electors, about 120, mayor, recorder, al- 
 dermen, bailiffs and corporation, L. D. 20 Oct. l6"90. 
 
 2 WINDSOR, NEW (tierks.) C. T. 30 Ed. 1. Jour. 4. 
 Electors, all the inhabitants, and not in the mayor, 
 bailiffs and burgesses, L. D. 5 April, 1697.
 
 ENGLAND DISFRANCHISED BOROUGHS. 
 
 Names of Places which sent Members to Parliament in the 
 23d, 25th, and 26th Edward L and since discontinued. 
 
 Ashperton (Devon) 
 Axebrugg (Somerset) 
 Arlesford (Southampton) 
 
 Blandford (Dorset) 
 Hamburg (Northumberland) 
 Basingstoke (Southampton) 
 Bradford (Wilts) 
 Brem (Worcester) 
 
 Canebrig (Northumberland) 
 
 Duddelegh 
 
 Egremond (Cumberland) 
 
 Jarvall(York) 
 
 Kidderminster (Worcester) 
 Ledbury (Hereford) 
 
 Pershore (Worcester) 
 Pickering (York) 
 
 S:ittou (Devon) 
 
 Torriton (Devon) 
 Tunbridge (Kent) 
 Tychull (York) 
 
 Wareham (Dorset) 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 W. Ncely, Printer and Publisher, 
 'Change Alley.
 
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