^ z*^ ^ Yn .m^ ^^^^^^^^^^^tlkt:^^^^SSaO^^^^^KSa^^ ^\ i [ _^ J' THE WANDERING JEW. Of this Book Five Httndred Copies have heen printed THE WANDEEING JEW H poem PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEY BY BERTRAM DOBELL. If I will that he tarry till I come, what is that to thee ? Follow thou me." — St. John xxi. 22. HontJon : PUBLISHED FOR THE SHELLEY SOCIETY, BY REEVES AND TURNER, 196, STRAND. 1887. ^^3 sc NOTE. [The text of The Wa7ideri7ig Jew follows the version printed in Frasers Magazine. But (as I have explained in the Introduction) in the various extracts printed in the Edinburgh Literary Journal there are many lines which do not appear in Frasers Magazine. These lines I have inserted in the text, and, in order to distinguish them, and to avoid the necessity of numerous footnotes, they are printed in italics. Readers will therefore please note that all passages in italics appeared in the Literary Journal only. Moreover, the selections printed in the Journal differ in many minute points of punctuation, spelling, &c., from the Fraser version. These variations are noted at the bottom of the page ; and readers will understand that the various readings there given (excepting in a few duly specified cases) are from the Literary Journal^ in^> 1^1 CONTENTS. PAGE Introduction xiii The Wandering Jew — Canto 1 1 Canto II 17 Canto III 27 Canto IV 47 Appendix — The Wandering Jew's Soliloquy 69 Introductory Article in Fraser^s Magazine . . 71 Notes • • ^^ INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION. Of all the legends which have obtained popular cur- rency, not one is more remarkable for singularity and suggestiveness than the wild story of the Wandering Jew. However it may have originated, it has had an influence greater probably than any other myth (with the possible exception of the Faust legend) not only upon the minds of unlettered persons, but upon the imaginations of poets, artists, and romance- writers. But, of all the authors who have dealt with the subject, no other seems to have been so strongly influenced by it as was Percy Bysshe Shelley. The Wandering Jew was the subject of his earliest poem of any length; in Q'neen Mah he is one of the most important figures ; there are allusions to him in other poems ; and in Hellas — the last work published during Shelley's lifetime — he makes a most impressive re-appear- ance. An attempt, therefore, to trace the history of The Wandering Jevj, and to show (what hitherto has been xiv THE WANDERING JEW. doubted) that the poem so-named was entirely, or at least almost wholly, Shelley's, can hardly be altogether devoid of interest or importance. Tlie Wandering Jew has hitherto been omitted from almost all editions of Shelley's works, because the editors, relying upon Medwin's statements, have believed that Shelley's part in it was very small, and that Med win was really its author, or at least the author of the chief part of it. Medwin indeed asserts as much ; and were he a writer of ordinary credit, it would scarcely be possible to dispute his statement. It is certain, however, that, owing to some mental defect, he was a most in- accurate and misleading writer. His statements can hardly ever be depended upon, except when confirmed by inde- pendent testimony. I think I can show clearly enough that what he says regarding The Wandering Jew is not only inconsistent with itself, but opposed to what we learn from other sources ; and, therefore, that we may disregard his assertions altogether, and decide the question of the authorship of the poem independently of his evidence. The Wandering Jew appears to have been written in 1810, when Shelley was about eighteen years of age. When finished, it was submitted to Messrs. Ballantyne and Co., the Edinburgh publishers, by whom it was de- clined. Shelley then offered it to Stockdale, at that time a well-known and rather prosperous London publisher. The latter states, however, that it never reached him ; a statement about which I have my doubts. In 1827, when INTEODUCTION. xv Stockdale was publishing his scandalous Budget, he printed, among other letters of Shelley's, one relating wholly to The Wandering Jew and three containing references to it. This letter and these references, before proceeding further, it will be well to reproduce. The letter is written from "Field Place, September 28th, 1810," and is as follows:— "Sir, — I sent, before I had the pleasure of knowing you, the MS. of a poem to Messrs. Ballantyne and Co., Edinburgh; they have declined publishing it, with the enclosed letter. I now offer it to you, and depend upon your honour as a gentleman for a fair price for the copy- right. It will be sent to you from Edinburgh. The subject is The Wandering Jew. As to its containing atheistical principles, I assure you I was wholly unaware of the fact hinted at. Your good sensQ will point out the impossibility of inculcating pernicious doctrines in a poem which, as you will see, is so totally abstract from any circumstances which occur under the possible view of mankind. •' I am, Sir, '' Your obedient and humble servant, "Percy B. Shelley." The enclosed letter from Messrs. Ballantyne and Co., declining to publish the poem, is remarkable enough to deserve re-production: — "Edinburgh, Sept. 24th, 1810. " Sir, — The delay which occurred in our reply to you, respecting the poem you have obligingly offered us for xvi THE WANDERING JEW. publication, has arisen from our literary friends and advisers (at least such as we have confidence in) being in the country at this season, as is usual, and the time they have bestowed on its perusal. " We are extremely sorry at length, after the most mature deliberation, to be under the necessity of declining the honour of being the publishers of the present poem ; not that we doubt its success, but that it is perhaps better suited to the character and liberal feelings of the English, than the bigoted spirit which yet pervades many culti- vated minds in this country. Even Walter Scott is assailed on all hands, at present, by our Scotch spiritual and evan- gelical magazines and instructors, for having promulgated atheistical doctrines in The Lady of the Lake. *' We beg you will have the goodness to advise us how it should be returned, and we think its being consigned to some person in London would be more likely to ensure its safety than addressing it to Horsham. " We are. Sir, " Your most obedient humble servants, "John Ballantyne & Co." Writing to Stockdale on November 14, 1810, Shelley says : — " I am surprised that you have not received The Wandering Jew, and in consequence write to Mr. Bal- lantyne to mention it ; you will, doubtlessly, therefore re- ceive it soon." Writing again to Stockdale on November 19, 1810, he says : — " If you have not got The Wandering Jew from Mr. B., I will send you a MS. copy which I possess." INTRODUCTION. xvii It is to be presumed that Stockdale, in reply, stated that he had not received the copy from Messrs. Ballantyne ; and that Shelley thereupon sent him the MS. cop}^ of which he speaks; for in a letter, dated December 2, 1810, he says: — ''Will you, if you have got two copies of Th& Wandering Jew, send one of them to me, as I have thought of some corrections which I wish to make ; your opinion on it will likewise much oblige me." No further references to The Wandering Jeiv occur in the other letters to Stock- dale, nor, so far as I am aware, in any other part of Shelley's correspondence. Doubtless, he soon came to see that it was an immature and comparatively worthless production, and he would have been well content with its entire suppression. It is highly probable that, if he could have reclaimed the two manuscript copies, they would have been committed to the flames. But as both were out of his reach — one reposing quietly at Edinburgh (Shelley's application to Ballantyne and Co. for its return having perhaps miscarried), the other, it may be, Iji-n.^ joerdii among Stockdale's papers — he probably regarded them as mere "alms for oblivion," and did not contemplate the possibility of their being disinterred and published after his death. But the poem, which its author regarded as dead and buried, underwent a resuiTection in 1881, when it was published in the pages of Fraser's Magazine. It has hitherto been generally supposed that this was the first appearance of the poem, or of any portion of it, in print. I have ascertained, however, that two years previously, xviii THE WANDERING JEW. a long article ubout it, which gave copious extracts from the po3m, appeared in The Edinhurgh Literary Journal. This article adds considerably to our knowledge respecting the poem, and helps to decide the question of its author- ship. It was unknown to Medwin, and seems to have remained unknown also to all Shelley's editors and biographers down to the present time. I will now proceed to summarize the chief points of interest in it. In No. 32 of The Edinburgh Literary Journal the fol- lowing notice appeared : — ''THE POET SHELLEY. *' There has recently been put into our hands a manu- script volume, which we look upon as one of the most remarkable literary curiosities extant. It is a poem in four cantos, hy the late poet Shelley, and entirely written in his own hand} It is entitled The Wandering Jew, and con- tains many passages of great power and beauty. It was composed upwards of twenty years ago, and brought by the poet to Edinburgh, which he visited about that period. It has since lain in the custody of a literary gentleman of this town, to whom it was then offered for publication. We have received permission to give our readers a further account of its contents, with some extracts, next Saturday ; and it affords us much pleasure to have it in our power to be thus instrumental in rescuing, through the medium of the Literary Journal, from the obscurity to which it might 1 I have italicized this sentence, because I think it has an im- portant bearing upon the question as to the authorship of the poem. INTRODUCTIOK xix otherwise have been consigned, one of the earhest and most striking of this gifted poet's productions, the very existence of which has never hitherto been surmised." Accordingly, in Nos. 38 and 34 (the numbers for June 27 and July 4, 1829) of the Literary Journal, the promised account of the poem duly appeared. After giving some particulars, not altogether accurate, as to the time when the poem was written, the article proceeds : — " It may possibly have been offered to one or two book- sellers, both in London and Edinburgh, without success, and this may account for the neglect into which the author allowed it to fall, when new cares crowded upon him, and new prospects opened round him. Certain it is, that it has been carefully kept by the literary gentleman to whom he entrusted its perusal when he visited Edinburgh in 1811, and would have been willingly surrendered by him at any subsequent period, had any application to that effect been made." The statement that Shelley gave the poem to the " lite- rary gentleman" in 1811, is difficult to reconcile with the fact that it was in 1810 that the poem was submitted to Messrs. Ballantyne and Co. It seems most probable that the copy used by the writer in the Literary Journal was the one sent to Ballantyne and Co. in 1810, and that, in the lapse of time, the circumstances under which it had first come into his possession had become somewhat confused in the mind of the "literary gentleman." However, it may have been otherwise, for Shelley h 2 XX THE WANDERING JEW. certainly visited Edinburgh in 1811 (on the occasion of his marriage with Harriett Westbrook), and he may then have made the acquaintance of the " literary gentleman," and left The Wandering Jew in his care. Possibly, being in Edinburgh in 1811, Shelley took the opportunity of reclaiming his poem from Ballantyne and Co., and having then made the acquaintance of the "literary gentleman," may have transferred it to him. Returning to the article in the Literary Journal, the passage following the one already quoted is so interesting, and will be so new to readers of the present day, that I give it in full : — " Mr. Shelley appears to have had some doubts whether to call his poem The Wandering Jew or The Victim of the Eternal Avenger. Both names occur in the manuscript ; but had the work been published, it is to be hoped that he would finally have fixed on the former, the more espe- cially as the poem itself contains very little calculated to give offence to the religious reader. The motto on the title-page is from the 22nd chapter of St. John : — * If I will that he tarry till I come, what is that to thee ? — follow thou me.' Turning over the leaf, we meet with the fol- lowing Dedication : — * To Sir Francis Burdett, bart., M.P., in consideration of the active virtues by which both his public and private life is so eminently distinguished, the following poem is inscribed by the Author.' Again turoing the leaf, we meet with th( INTRODUCTION. xxi " ' PREFACE. "'The subject of the following Poem is an imaginary personage, noted for the various and contradictory tradi- tions which have prevailed concerning him — The Wan- dering Jew. Many sage monkish writers have supported the authenticity of this fact, the reality of his existence. But as the quoting them would have led me to annotations perfectly uninteresting, although very fashionable, I decline presenting anything to the public but the bare poem, which they will agree with me not to be of sufficient con- sequence to authorise deep antiquarian researches on its subject. I might, indeed, have introduced, by anticipating future events, the no less grand, although equally ground- less, superstitions of the battle of Armageddon, the per- sonal reign of J C , &c. ; but I preferred, im- probable as the following tale may appear, retaining the old method of describing past events : it is certainly more consistent with reason, more interesting, even in works of imagination. With respect to the omission of elucidatory notes, I have followed the well-known maxim of ' Do unto others as thou wouldest they should do unto thee.' "'January, 1811/" " The poem introduced by the above Preface is in four cantos ; and though the octosyllabic verse is the most pro- minent, it contains a variety of measures, like Sir Walter Scott's poetical romances. The incidents are simple, and refer rather to an episode in the life of the Wandering Jew, than to any attempt at a full delineation of all his xxii THE WANDERING JEW. adventures. We shall give an analysis of the plot, and intersperse, as we proceed, some of the most interesting passages of the poem." Neither the Dedication nor the Preface of the poem, as given above, appeared in Frasers Magazine when the poem was printed in that periodical. Sir Francis Burdett, al- though he played a prominent part in the political history of the early part of the century, is now so nearly forgotten, that it may be necessary to remind readers of the present day that he was one of the most advanced radicals of that time ; and hence it was very natural that Shelley should dedicate his poem to him. The passage accounting for the absence of annotations is a side-blow at Sir Walter Scott, and rather an unfair one, considering that The Wan- dering Jew bears evident tokens that its author had dili- gently studied Scott's poetical romances. It is likely enough that the hit at the superstitions of the battle of Armageddon, the personal reign of J C } &c., rather than anything in the poem itself, was the chief cause of its rejection by Ballantyne and Co. No more than this one passage would have been needed to convict the author of The Wandering Jew of blasphemy in the eyes of those preternaturally acute fanatics who could dis- cover atheism in The Lady of the Lake. But, in truth, a careful reading of Shelley's poem shows that it contains 1 It is, of course, very unlikely that Shelley adopted the device of giving the initials only of the name of Christ, and it was doubtless printed thus by the editor of the Literary Journal out of a fear of offending his more scrupulous readers. INTRODUCTION. xxiii several passages whicli it would be hard to reconcile with orthodox opinions, and which may well have made Messrs. Ballantyne and Co. pause before undertaking the responsi- bility of publishing it. It is rather curious that the preface should be dated "January, 1811," considering that the MS. was placed in the hands of Messrs. Ballantyne at least three months before that time ; but perhaps Shelley reckoned that it could not be published during 1810, and for that reason chose to date it in advance. There is not much else in the article on The Wandering JeiD which need be quoted, the chief part of it being devoted to a summary of the incidents of the poem, accompanied with various illustrative extracts from it. I must not, however, omit the following : — " It is curious to observe, before proceeding to the second canto, that, in illustration of something said by Paulo, Shelley quotes, in the margin, the following line from -^schylus, so remarkably applicable to his own future fate, — *EyLt<*^ 6avdvro<; yaLa fjbt^Orjro tto^l.'" The writer of the article by no means agrees with its V later critics as to the worthlessness of the poem ; on the contrary he expresses great admiration for certain parts of the work. The extracts given from it differ materially from the corresponding passages as printed in Frasers Magazine, and prove, with sufficient certainty, that the manuscript used by the writer in the Literary Journal could not have V been the same as the one used by Fraser. xxiv THE WANDERING JEW. Reviewing the evidence as to the authorship of the poem, which may be derived from the various sources I have mentioned, we see that Shelley uniformly appears as the sole author, and that there is nowhere a hint as to his having had a coadjutor in the work. The manuscript is written entirely in Shelley's own handwriting ; he dedicates it to Sir Francis Burdett; the Preface contains no hint that he had received assistance in writing it ; and he offers it as his own production to Ballantyne and Co. and to Stockdale. It is noteworthy that in writing to Stockdale about it, he says : — " I now offer it to you, and depend upon your honour as a gentleman for a fair price for the copyright." There could hardly be a more absolute asser- tion of his authorship of the poem than this, for it can hardly be supposed that Shelley would ask for money for the copyright of a poem which was not his to dispose of. If we now turn to Medwin's statements with regard to The Wandering Jew, and examine them carefully, we shall, I think, find them to be so loose and contradictory as to be altogether unworthy of credit. Medwin first referred to the poem in 1833 in Tlie Shelley Papers} After speaking of a ballad which, he says, was Shelley's first production, and which was written when he was about fifteen, he proceeds : — " Shortly afterwards we wrote, in conjunction, six or seven cantos on the subject of the Wandering Jew, of 1 The book with this title was first published in 1833, but the chief part of its contents had previously appeared in ih^ Athenceum during 1832. INTRODUCTION. xxv which the first four, with the exception of a very few lines, were exclusively mine. It was a thing such as boys usually write, a cento from different favourite authors ; the crucifixion scene altogether a plagiary from a volume of Cambridge Prize Poems. The part which I contributed I have still, and was surprised to find totidem verbis in Fraser's Magazine. ... As might be shown by the last cantos of that poem, which Fraser did not think worth publishing,! his [Shelley's] ideas were, at that time, strange and incomprehensible, mere elements of thought — images wild, vast and Titanic." It will be observed that Medwin here claims the first four cantos as being exclusively his own, "with the exception of a very few lines." He also speaks of the last cantos of that poem, " which Fraser did not think worth publish ing." Now the fact is, that both in the Edinbnrgli Literary Journal and in Fraser the poem is stated to be complete. The former says: — "The poem introduced by the above Preface is in four cantos ; " while Fraser, in the prefatory remarks on the poem, testifies to the same effect : — " The important literary curiosity which the liberality of the gentleman into whose hands it has fallen, enables us now to lay before the public for the first time, in a complete state, was offered for publication by Mr. Shelley when quite a boy." It thus 1 It is worth noting that Medwin afterwards stated that the portion of the poem written bv Shelley was by far the best ; yet, if we believe the statement he makes here, it was Shelley's portion which Fraser J " did not think worth publishing." xxvi THE WANDERING JEW. appears that Medwin knew so little about the poem that he imagined it to be in six or seven cantos, whereas it was complete in four. He also says that Fraser did not think the last cantos worth publishing, whereas Fraser certainly published the four cantos in the belief that they constituted a complete poem. Moreover (as I have already pointed out), we cannot put faith in Medwin's statements unless we are prepared to believe that Shelley offered to sell for publication, as his own production, a poem which was not only not his to dispose of, but which was not even a complete work. It seems to me that it is im- possible to believe this ; and I, at least, prefer to think that Medwin was under the influence of some strange hallucination with regard to the poem. In his Life of Shelley, published in 1847, Medwin gives another and longer account of The Wandering Jew, He there says : — " Shelley, having abandoned prose for poetry, now formed a grand design, a metrical romance on the subject of the Wandering Jew, of which the first three cantos were, with a few additions and alterations, almost en- tirely mine. It was a sort of thing such as boys usually write, a cento from different favourite authors ; the vision in the third canto taken from Lewis's Monk, of which, in common with Byron, he was a great admirer; and the crucifixion scene altogether a plagiarism from a volume of Cambridge Prize Poems. The part which I supplied is still in my possession. After seven or eight INTRODUCTION xxvii cantos were perpetrated, Shelley sent them to Campbell for his opinion on their merits, with a view to publication. The author of the Pleasures of Ho'pe returned the MS. with the remark that there were only two good lines in it: It seemed as if an angel's sigh Had breathed the plaintive symphony. Lines, by the way, savouring strongly of Walter Scott. This criticism of Campbell's gave a death-blow to our hopes of immortality, and so little regard did Shelley entertain for the production, that he left it at his lodgings in Edinburgh, where it was disinterred by some correspondent of Eraser's, and in whose magazine, in 1881, four of the cantos appeared. The others he very wisely did not think worth publishing. " It must be confessed that Shelley's contributions to this juvenile attempt were far the best, and those, with my MS. before me, I could, were it worth while, point out, though the contrast in the style, and the inconsequence of the opinions on religion, particularly in the last canto, are sufficiently obvious to mark two different hands, and show which passages were his The finale of The Wandering Jew is also Shelley's, and proves that thus early he had imbibed opinions which were often the subject of our controversies. We differed also as to the conduct of the poem. It was my wish to follow the German fragment, and put an xxviii THE WANDERING JEW. end to the Wandering Jew — a consummation Shelley would by no means consent to." The above appears to me to be a passage remarkable for confusion of thought and inexactitude of statement. I doubt if even one of the several statements which the paragraph contains, represents quite correctly the facts of the case. The impression it makes upon me is, that Medwin's ideas and recollections about the poem had grown so confused that he was totally unable to give a clear and connected account of the matter. Shelley, we are told, formed a grand design, yet, strangely enough, the first three cantos (or, according to The Shelley Papers, the first four cantos) of the grand design were written by Medwin. We are next informed that : — " It was a sort of thing such as boys usually write," — but, however juvenile an effort the poem may be, it is certainly not the sort of thing boys usually write. Again, it is said that Lewis's Monk is the source of the vision in the third canto. It is true that one of the characters in this romance experiences a vision, but it bears little or no resemblance to the vision in the poem. What Medwin should have said, is, that the whole idea of the poem was probably derived from The Monk. In that curious production, which at once delighted and scandalized our grandfathers and grandmothers, the Wandering Jew is an important figure; and several of the circumstances of Shelley's poem are derived INTRODUCTIOIS'. xxix from Lewis's romance. " The crucifixion scene, altoo^etlier a plagiarism from a volume of Cambridge Prize Poems," is another assertion which is certainly not literally true. The Seatonian poem for 1765, called "The Crucifixion," by Thomas Zouch, is doubtless the one Medwin alludes to. It is written in blank verse,* and although it contains passages which bear some re- semblance to the crucifixion scene in The Wandering Jew, yet these resemblances are not greater than might be expected to occur in two writers who chose the same subject. The images and expressions are, in fact, such as would naturally occur to any one writing upon the crucifixion, and Shelley no more plagiarises from Zouch, than Zouch does from the New Testament. *' The part which I supphed is still in my possession " — how strange then that he did not know whether he had written three or four cantos ! " After seven or eight cantos were 'per^etratedl' — but, as I have shown, it was complete, at least as far as Shelley was concerned, in four cantos. Moreover, Medwin in 1833 says six or seven cantos, but in 1845 he says seven or eight. It is very noteworthy that Medwin says nothing about the poem having been offered for publication to Ballantyne and Co., and to Stockdale, which he would surely have done had he known the facts. Indeed, he implies his ignorance on this point by saying that Campbell's adverse opinion extinguished Shelley's interest in the poem, which, as we know, it certainly did not. XXX THE WANDEKING JEW. I could point out other discrepancies in Medwin's statements, but it is surely unnecessary to do so. His whole account of the poem is so vitiated by contradictions and inaccuracies that no part of it can be depended upon. On the other hand, there is nothing that I know of to lead us to doubt that Shelley, in claiming the author- ship of the poem, was perfectly justified by the facts of the cas^^ In short, the conclusions I have come to from a consideration of the various circumstances, are. that the original design was Shelley's (this even Medwin allows) ; that he wrote (possibly with some slight assis- tance from Medwin) the four cantos as we now have them ; that some discussion may have taken place between them with regard to a continuation of the poem, but that Shelley ultimately decided not to extend it. \At the same time, it is likely enough that Medwin may have written something of the same sort on his own account, and he may possibly, in the course of time, have confused his own poem with Shelley's, and thus have come to believe himself the author of the latter. I have already stated that the extracts printed in the Literary Journal differ veiy considerably from the corre- sponding passages in Fraser. In addition to numerous minute variations, the former contains many lines which do not appear in the latter. Thus, if we take the opening section of the poem, we shall find that while Fraser gives nineteen lines only,, there are twenty- eight lines in the Literary Jowmal^f I might hazard INTRODUCTION. xxxi a guess as to the cause of the differences in the two versions, I should say that the one used by the Literary Journal was a carefully revised and finished manuscript, while the one used by Fraser was probably a rough draft of the poem as originally composed. I also imagine that the former was the copy submitted to Messrs. Ballantyne and Co., while the latter was the one sent by Shelley to Stockdale, which may or may not have reached him, but which, I think, must have remained in the custody of some one in London until the thought occurred to its custodian of offering it for publication to Fraser s Magazine. Of course I only put forward these opinions as probable hypotheses, which further evidence may disprove : but they seem to me to be the ones which best fit in with the circumtences of the case, so far as they are at present known. / What has become of these two manuscripts? I can hardly think that both of them have been destroyed ; and it is rather curious, considering the avidity with which collectors have sought for Shelley's letters and manuscripts, that neither of them has yet been brought to light. But I do not think we need yet despair of recovering at least one of them. It may very probably be questioned whether the object I have here had in view — namely, to prove that Shelley was responsible for a poem of very indifferent merit — was one which it was worth while to under- take or accomplish. Since Medwin had claimed it, why xxxii THE WANDERING JEW. not leave him in possession of it? With Zastrozzi and St. Irvyne to answer for, why add The Wandering Jew to the list of Shelley's juvenile failures ? To this it might be sufficient to reply, that the search for truth justifies itself, and needs no apology, whatever may result from it. But just as we look with interest and instruction at the first rough sketches which have formed the foundation for some grand design, so, if we look upon the early works of Shelley as preparatory studies for his mature masterpieces, they will be seen to possess an importance which their merits certainly do not give them. An author's failures are no less instructive than his successes ; and, perhaps, from a psychological standpoint, The Wandering Jew deserves attentive study, although the student certainly will not and need not linger over it as he will over Prometheus Unbound. The Two Gentlemen of Verona and Loves Labours Lost might be well spared from the list of Shakespeare's productions, if their merits only were considered ; but they help us, in a way which his greater works do not, to understand the growth and development of his genius. Had Shelley's critical faculty developed itself as early as his faculty of expression, we should certainly not have had his two novels, or The Wandering Jew\ but possibly we might not have had Prmnetheus either. A poet learns far more by attempting to create a poem or a play, than by reflecting, for however long a time, upon the right method of creating them. As the art of swimming cannot possibly be learned without going INTRODUCTION. xxxii into the water, so it is impossible to learn bow to write poetry, without attempting to compose it ; and this natur- ally involves the production of much indifferent verse. Of course the real poet soon comes to perceive the worth- lessness of his early writings, but it is a misfortune if he perceives their small value at the very time he composes them ; for when this is the case his invention is chilled and discouraged, and he is apt to abandon his efforts in despair. The critical faculty, in short, when in excess, is a hindrance, rather than a help, and we have reason to rejoice that, in Shelley's case, it was not developed too early. If we cannot allow any positive good qualities to The Wandering Jew (and truth compels me to say that I cannot perceive any merits in it beyond a certain facility of versification and some few powerful lines), we need not regret that it was written, for doubtless its composition rendered easier the task of creating the great works which have placed Shelley among the Immortals. Bertram Dobell. THE WANDERING JEW s THE WANDERING JEW. CANTO I. " Me miserable, whicli way shall T fly ? Infinite wrath and infinite despair — Which way I fly is hell — myself am hell ; And in this lowest deep a lower deep, To which the hell I siifter seems a heaven." Paradise Lost. The brilliant orb of parting day Diffused a rich and mellow ray, ^ Above the mountain's brow ; It tinged the hills with lustrous hght, It tinged the promontory's height, Still sparkling with the snow ; And 2 as aslant it threw its beam, Tipt 3 with gold the mountain stream 1 and a mellow ray ^ ^^^^^ 3 Tipp'd B THE WANDERING JEW. That laved the vale below ; ^ Long hung the eye of glory there, 10 And linger'd as if loth to leave A scene so lovely and so fair. 'Twere luxury even, there to grieve. ^ So soft the dime, so halm the air, So jpure and genial were the skies, 15 In sooth 'twas almost Paradise, — For ne'er did the sun's splendour close On such a picture of repose ; — All, all was tranquil, all was still, • Save when ^ the music of the rill, 20 Or * distant waterfall. At intervals broke on the ear Which echo's ^ self was charmed ^ to hear, And ceased her babbling call. With every charm the landscape glovfd 25 Which partial Nature's hand bestow d ; Nor could the mimic hand of art Such "beauties or such hues impart. Light clouds ^ in fleeting livery gay. Hung,® painted in grotesque array 30 * below. 8 Twere there even luxury to grieve ; 3 where — probably a printer's error. * Or a 5 Echo's « pleased ' clouds, • Hung THE WANDERING JEW. 3 Upon the western sky : Forgetful of the approaching dawn, The peasants danced upon the lawn. For the vintage time was nigh : How jocund to the tabor's sound, 35 O'er the smooth, trembling turf they bound,^ In every measure light and free, The very soul of harmony ; ^ Grace in each attitude, they move, They thrill to amorous ecstasy, 40 Light as the dewdrops of the morn, That hang upon the blossomed ^ thorn, Subdued ly the jpow'r of resistless Love. Ah ! days of innocence, of joy. Of rapture that knows no alloy, 45 Haste on, — ye roseate hours, Free from the world's tumultuous cares, From pale distrust, from hopes and fears, Baneful concomitants of time, — *Tis yourSy leneath this favoured climCy 50 Your pathway strewn with flowers^ Upborne on pleasure's downy wing, To quaff a long unfading spring, And heat with light and careless step the ground j ^ The smooth turf trembling as they bound, 2 ! 3 blossom'd THE WANDERING JEW. The fairest flowers too soon grow sere, 55 Too soon shall tempests blast the year. And sins eternal winter reign around. But see, what forms are those, Scarce seen by glimpse of dim twilight, Wandering o*er the mountain's height ? 60 They swiftly haste to the vale below : One wraps his mantle around his brow, As if to hide his woes ; And as his steed impetuous flies, , What strange fire flashes from his eyes ! 65 The far off city's murmuring sound Was borne on the breeze which floated around ; Noble Padua's lofty spire Scarce glow'd with the sunbeam's latest fire, Yet dashed the travellers on — 70 Ere night o'er the earth was spread, Full many a mile they must have sped. Ere their destined course was run. Welcome was the moonbeam's ray. Which slept upon the towers so grey. 75 But, hark ! a convent's vesper bell — It seemed to be a very spell — The stranger checked his courser's rein. And listened to the mournful sound : Listened — and paused — and paused again : 80 THE WANDERING JEW. 6 A thrill of pity and of pam Through his inmost soul had past, While gushed the tear-drops silently and fast. A crowd was at the convent gate, The gate was opened wide ; 85 No longer on his steed he sate, But mingled with the tide. He felt a solemn awe and dread. As he the chapel entered ; Dim was the light from the pale moon beaming, 90 As it fell on the saint-cyphered ^ panes ; ^ Or from the western window streaming. Tinged the pillars with varied stains. To the eye of enthusiasm strange forms were gliding ^ In each dusky recess of the aisle ; 95 And indefined shades in succession were striding, O'er the coignes * of the gothic pile.^ The pillars to the vaulted roof In airy lightness rose ; Now they mount to the rich Gothic ceiling aloof 100 And exquisite tracery disclose. The altar illumined now darts its bright rays. •■&■> ^ saint-cipher'd ^ , ^ giidjnf * Buttress nor coigne of vantage. — Macbeth. (Author's Note.) ^ pillar'd pile ; — 6 THE WANDERING JEW. The train past in brilliant array ; On the shrine Saint Pietro's rich ornaments blaze, And rival the brilliance of day 105 Hark ! — now the loud organ swells full on the ear — So sweetly mellow, chaste, and clear; Melting, kindling, raising, firing, Delighting now^and now inspiring. Peal upon peal the music floats — 110 Now they list still as death to the dying notes ; Whilst the soft voices of the choir, Exalt the soul from base desire ; Till it mounts on unearthly pinions free. Dissolved in heavenly ecstasy. 115 Now a dead stillness reigned around, Uninterrupted by a sound ; Save when in deadened response ran, The last faint echoes down the aisle, Reverberated through the pile, 120 As within the pale the holy man, With voice devout and saintly look, Slow chaunted from the sacred book, Or pious prayers were duly said, For spirits of departed dead. 125 With beads and crucifix and hood. Close by his side the abbess stood ; Now her dark penetrating eyes THE WANDERING JEW. 7 Were raised in suppliance to heaven, And now her bosom heaved with sighs, 180 As if to human weakness given. Her stern, severe, yet beauteous brow Frowned on all who stood below ; And the fire which flashed from her steady gaze, As it turned on the listening crowd its rays, 135 Superior virtue told, — Virtue as pure as heaven's own dew, But which, untainted, never knew. To pardon weaker mould. The heart though chaste and cold as snow — 140 'Twere faulty to be virtuous so. Not a whisper now breathed in the pillared aisle — The stranger advanced to the altar high — Convulsive was heard a smothered sigh ! Lo ! four fair nuns to the altar draw near, 145 With solemn footstep, as the while A fainting novice they bear — The roses from her cheek are fled But there the lily reigns instead ; Light as a sylph's, her form confesf, 150 Beneath the drapery of her vest, A perfect grace and symmetry ; j Her eyes, with rapture form' d to move, To melt with tenderness and love. i THE WANDERING JEW. Or beam with sensibility, 155 To Heaven were raised in pious prayer^ A silent eloquence of ivoe ; Now hung the pearly tear-drop there^ Sate on her cheek a fix'd desptair ; And now she heat her losom hare, 160 As pure as driven snoiv. Nine graceful novices ^ around Fresh roses strew ^ upon the ground : In purest white arrayed, ^ Nine* spotless vestal virgins shed 165 Sabsean ^ incense o'er the head Of the devoted maid. They dragged her to the altar's pale, The traveller leant against the rail, And gazed with eager eye, — 170 His cheek was flushed with sudden glow, On his brow sate a darker shade of woe, As a transient expression fled by. The sympathetic feeling flew Thro' every breast, from man to man, 175 Confused and open clamours ran, Louder and louder still they grew ; 1 Novices » strew'd ' array'd ; * Three » Sabean THE WANDERING JEW. 9 When the abbess waved her hand, A stern resolve was in her eye, And every wild tumultuous cry 180 Was stilled at her command. The abbess made the well known sign — The novice reached the fatal shrine, And mercy implored from the power divine ; At length she shrieked aloud, 185 She dashed from the supporting nun, Ere the fatal rite was done, And plunged amid the crowd. Confusion reigned throughout the throng, Still the novice fled along, 190 Impelled by frantic fear. When the maddened traveller's eager grasp In firmest yet in wildest clasp Arrested her career. As fainting from terror she sank on the gi'ound, 195 Her loosened locks floated her fine form around ; The zone which confined her shadowy vest No longer her throbbing bosom prest, Its animation dead ; No more her feverish pulse beat high, 200 Expression dwelt not in her eye, Her wildered senses fled. * * * * * 10 THE WANDERING JEW. Hark ! Hark ! the demon of the storm I I see his vast expanding form Blend with the strange and sulphurous glare 205 Of comets through the turbid air. Yes, 'twas his voice, I heard its roar. The wild waves lashed the caverned shore In angry murmurs hoarse and loud, Higher and higher still they rise ; 210 Red lightnings gleam from every cloud And paint wild shapes upon the skies ; The echoing thunder rolls around, Convulsed with earthquake rocks the ground. The traveller yet undaunted stood, 215 He heeded not the roaring flood ; Yet Rosa slept, her bosom bare, Her cheek was deadly pale, The ringlets of her auburn hair Streamed in a lengthened trail, 220 And motionless her seraph form ; Unheard, unheeded raved the storm. Whilst, borne on the wing of the gale. The harrowing shriek of the white sea-mew As o'er the midnight surge she flew ; 225 The bowlings of the squally blast As o'er the beetling clifis it past ; Mingled with the peals on high. THE WANDERING JEW. 11 That, swelling louder, echoed by, Assailed the traveller's ear. 230 He heeded not the maddened storm As it pelted against his lofty form, He felt no awe, no fear. In contrast, like the courser pale ^ That stalks along Death's pitchy vale 235 With silent, with gigantic tread, Trampling the dying and the dead. Rising from her death-like trance. Fair Rosa met the stranger's glance ; She started from his chilling gaze, 240 Wild was it as the tempest's blaze. It shot a lurid gleam of light. A secret spell of sudden dread, A mystic, strange, and harrowing fear, As when the spirits of the dead, 245 Drest in ideal shapes appear, And hideous glance on human sight — Scarce could Rosa's frame sustain. The chill that pressed upon her brain. Anon, that transient spell was o'er, 250 Dark clouds deform his brow no more, ^ "Behold a pale horse, and his name that sate upon him was Death, and Hell followed with him." — Revelations, vi. 8. (Author's Note.) 12 THE WANDERING JEW. But rapid fled away ; Sweet fascination dwelt around, Mixed with a soft, a silver sound, As soothing to the ravished ear, 255 As what enthusiast lovers hear ; Which seems to steal along the sky, When mountain mists are seen to fly, Before the approach of day. He seized on wondering Rosa's hand, 260 " And, ah ! " cried he, " be this the band Shall join us, till this earthly frame, Sinks convulsed in bickering flame — ■ When around the demons yell, And dra^c the sinful wretch to hell, 265 Then, Rosa, will we part — Then fate, and only fate's decree. Shall tear thy lovely soul from me, And rend thee from my heart. Long has Paulo sought in vain, 270 A friend to share his grief , — Never will he seek again. For the wretch has found relief. Till the Prince of Darkness bursts his chain, Till death and desolation reign — 275 Rosa, wilt thou then be mine ? Ever fairest, I am thine ! " THE WANDERING JEW. 13 He ceased, and on the howling blast, Which wildly round the mountain past, Died his accents low ; 280 Yet fiercely howled the midnight storm, As Paulo bent his awful form^ And leaned his lofty brow. Rosa. " Stranger, mystic stranger, rise ; Whence do these tumults fill the skies ? 285 Who conveyed me, say, this night, To this wild and cloud-capped height ? Who art thou ? and why am I Beneath Heaven's pityless canopy ? For the wild winds roar around my head ; 290 Lightnings redden the wave ; — Was it the power of the mighty dead, Who live beneath the grave ? Or did the Abbess drag me here. To make yon swelling surge my bier ? " 295 Paulo. " Ah, lovely Rosa ! cease thy fear. It was thy friend who bore thee here— I, thy friend, till this fabric of earth, Sinks in the chaos that gave it birth ; Till the meteor-bolt of the God above, 300 14 THE WANDERING JEW. Shall tear its victim from his love, — That love which must unbroken last, Till the hour of envious fate is past ; Till the mighty basements of the sky In bickering hell-flames heated fly ; 305 E'en then will I sit on some rocky height, Whilst around lower clouds of eternal night, E'en then will I loved Rosa save From the yawning abyss of the grave. — • Or, into the gulf impetuous hurled — 310 If sinks with its latest tenants the world, Then will our souls in union fly Throughout the wide and boundless sky : Then, free from th' ills that envious fate Has heaped upon our mortal state, 315 We'll taste etherial pleasure ; Such as none but thou canst give,— Such as none but I receive. And rapture without measure." As thus he spoke, a sudden blaze 320 Of pleasure mingled in his gaze : Illumined by the dazzling light, He glows with radiant lustre bright ; His features with new glory shine, And sparkle as with beams divine. 325 " Strange, awful being," Rosa said. THE WANDERING JEW. 15 " Whence is this superhuman dread, That harrows up my inmost frame ? Whence does this unknown tingling flame, Consume and penetrate my soul ? 330 By turns with fear and love possessed, Tumultuous thoughts swell high my breast ; A thousand wild emotions roll, And mingle their resistless tide ; O'er thee some magic arts preside ; 335 As by the influence of a charm. Lulled into rest my griefs subside, And safe in thy protecting arm, I feel no power can do me harm : But the storm raves wildly o'er the sea, 340 Bear me away ! I confide in thee ! " CANTO II. ** I could a tale unfold, whose slightest word Would harrow up thy soul, freeze thy young blood. Make thy two eyes, like stars, start from their spheres ; Thy knotted and combined locks to part. And each particular hair to stand on end. Like quills upon the fretful porcupine." — Hamlet. The horrors of the mighty blast, The lowering tempest clouds were past, Had sunk beneath the main ; Light baseless mists were all that fled, 345 Above the weary traveller's head, As he left the spacious plain. Fled were the vapours of the night, Faint streaks of rosy tinted light Were painted on the matin grey ; 850 And as the sun began to rise, To pour his animating ray, Glowed with his fire the eastern skies, The distant rocks — the far-off bay, \^ 18 THE WANDERING JEW. The ocean's sweet and lovely blue, 355 The mountain's variegated breast, Blushing with tender tints of dawn, Or with fantastic shadows drest. The waving wood, the opening lawn, Rose to existence, waked anew, 360 In colours exquisite of hue. Their mingled charms Victorio viewed. And lost in admiration stood. From yesternight how changed the scene. When howled the blast o'er the dark clififs* side, 365 And mins^led with the maddened roar Of the wild surge that lashed the shore. To-day — scarce heard the whispering breeze. And still and motionless the seas Scarce heard the murmuring of their tide ; 370 All, all is peaceful and serene. Serenely on Victorio's breast It breathed a soft and tranquil rest, Which bade each wild emotion cease. And hushed the passions into peace. 375 Along the winding Po he went. His footsteps to the spot were bent Where Paulo dwelt, his wandered friend, For thither did his wishes tend. THE WANDERING JEW. 19 Noble Victorio's race was proud, 380 From Cosmo's blood he came ; To him a wild untutored crowd Of vassals, in allegiance bowed, Illustrious was his name ; Yet vassals and wealth he scorned, to go 385 Unnoticed with a man of woe : Gay hope and expectation sate, Throned in his eager eye. And ere he reached the castle gate, The sun had mounted high. 390 Wild was the spot where the castle stood, Its towers embosomed deep in wood, Gigantic cliffs, with craggy steeps. Reared their proud heads on high. Their bases were washed by the foaming deeps, 395 Their summits were hid in the sky ; From the valley below they excluded the day. That valley ne'er cheered by the sunbeam's ray ; Nought broke on the silence drear, Save the hungry vultures darting by, 400 Or eagles yelling fearfully. As they bore to the rocks their prey, Or when the fell wolf ravening prowled, Or the gaunt wild boar fiercely howled His hideous screams on the night's dull ear. 405 C 2 20 THE WANDERING JEW. Borne on pleasure's downy wing, Downy as the breath of spring, Not thus fled Paulo's hours away. Though brightened by the cheerful day ; Friendship or wine, or softer love, 410 The sparkling eye, the foaming bowl, Could with no lasting rapture move. Nor still the tumults of his soul. And yet there was in Kosa's kiss A momentary thrill of bliss; 415 i Oft the dark clouds of grief would fly, ' Beneath the beams of sympathy ; ! And love and converse sweet bestow, A transient requiem from woe. — Strange business, and of import vast, 420 On things which long ago were past. Drew Paulo oft from home ; Then would a darker, deeper shade. By sorrow traced, his brow o'erspread And o'er his features roam. 425 Oft as they spent the midnight hour. And heard the wintry wild winds rave Midst the roar and spray of the dashing wave. Was Paulo's dark brow seen to lour. Then, as the lamp's uncertain blaze 430 Shed o'er the hall its partial rays, THE WANDERING JEW. 21 And shadows strange were seen to fall, And glide upon the dusky wall, Would Paulo start with sudden fear. Why then unbidden gush'd the tear, 435 As he mutter'd strange words to the ear ? — Why frequent heaved the smother' d sigh ? — Why did he gaze on vacancy, As if some strange form was near ? Then would the fillet of his brow 440 Fierce as a fiery furnace glow, As it bum'd with red and lambent flame , Then would cold shuddering seize his frame, As gasping he labour'd for breath. The strange light of his gorgon eye, 445 As,^ frenzied and rolling dreadfully, It glared with terrific gleam. Would chill Hke the spectre gaze of death, As,^ conjured by feverish dream. He seems o'er the sick man's couch to stand, 450 And shakes the dread lance in his skeleton hand. But when the paroxysm was o'er. And clouds deform'd his brow no more, Would Rosa soothe his tumults dire, Would bid him calm his grief, 455 Would quench reflection's rising fire, ^ The comma is omitted in Fraser. 22 THE WANDERING JEW. And give his soul relief. As on his form with pitying eye, The ministering angel hung. And wiped the drops of agony, 460 The music of her syren ^ tongue Lull'd forcibly his griefs to rest,^ Like fleeting visions of the dead, Or midnight dreams, his sorrows fled : Waked to new life through all his soul 465 A soft delicious languor stole, And lapt in heavenly ecstasy He sank and fainted on her breast. *Twas on an eve, the leaf was sere, Howl'd the blast round the castle drear, 470 The boding night-bird's hideous cry Was mingled with the warning sky ; Heard was the distant torrent's dash, Seen was the lightning's dark red flash. As it gleamed on the stormy cloud ; 476 Heard was the troubled ocean's roar, As its wild waves lash'd the rocky shore ; The thunder mutter'd loud, '■ siren ^ A full stop instead of a comma is given here in the Literary Journal. THE WANDERING JEW. 23 As wilder still the lightnings flew ; Wilder as the tempest blew, 480 More wildly strange their converse grew. They talk'd of the ghosts of the mighty dead, If, when the spark of life were fled, They visited this world of woe ? Or, were it but a phantasy, 485 Deceptive to the feverish eye, When strange forms flashed upon the sight, And stalk'd along at the dead of night ? Or if, in the realms above. They still, for mortals left below, 490 Retain'd the same affection's glow, In friendship or in love ? — Debating thus, a pensive train, Thought upon thought began to rise ; Her thrilling wild harp Rosa took ; 495 What sounds in softest murmurs broke From the seraphic strings ! Celestials borne on odorous wings, Caught the dulcet melodies. The life-blood ebb'd in every vein, 600 As Paulo listen'd to the strain. 24 THE WANDERING JEW. SONG. " What sounds are those that float upon the air,* As if to bid the fading day farewell,— What form is that so shadowy, yet so fair, Which glides along the rough and pathless dell ? 505 Nightly those sounds swell full upon the breeze. Which seems to sigh as if in sympathy ; They hang amid yon cliff-embosom'd trees. Or float in dying cadence through the sky. Now rests that form upon the moonbeam pale, 510 In piteous strains of woe its vesper sings ; Now — now it traverses the silent vale, Borne on transparent ether's viewless wings. Oft will it rest beside yon abbey's ^ tower, Which lifts its ivy-mantled mass so high ; 615 Rears its dark head to meet the storms that lour, And braves the trackless tempests of the sky. That form, the embodied spirit of a maid. Forced by a perjured lover to the grave ; A desperate fate the madden'd girl obey'd, 520 And from the dark cliffs plung'd into the wave. 1 The * turned commas' at the commencement of this line are omitted both in FraseVy and in the Liteiai'y Jownal, » Abbey's THE WANDERING JEW. 25 There the deep murmurs of the restless surge, The mournful shriekings of the white sea-mew, The warring waves, the wild winds, sang her dirge. And o'er her bones the dark red coral grew. 525 Yet though that form be sunk beneath the main, Still rests her spirit where its vows were given ; Still fondly visits each loved spot again. And pours its sorrows on the ear of Heaven. That spectre wanders through the abbey ^ dale, 530 And suffers pangs which such a fate must share ; Early her soul sank in death's darken'd vale. And ere long all of us must meet her there." She ceased, and on the listening ear Her pensive accents died ; 585 So sad they were, so softly clear, It seemed as if some angel's sigh Had breathed the plaintive symphony ; So ravishingly sweet their close. The tones awakened Paulo's woes ; 540 Oppressive recollections rose, And poured their bitter tide. ^ Abbey 26 THE WANDERING JEW. Absorbed awhile in grief he stood ; At length he seemed as one inspired, His burning fillet blazed with blood— 545 A lambent flame his features fired. " The hour is come, the fated hour ; Whence is this new, this unfelt power ^-^ ' Yes, I've a secret to unfold, And such a tale as ne'er was told, 550 A dreadful, dreadful mystery ! Scenes, at whose retrospect e'en now. Cold drops of anguish on my brow, The icy chill of death I feel : Wrap, Eosa, bride, thy breast in steel, 555 Thy soul with nerves of iron brace, As to your eyes I darkly trace. My sad, my cruel destiny. " Victorio, lend your ears, arise, Let us seek the battling skies, 560 Wild o'er our heads the thunder crashing, And at our feet the wild waves dashing ; As tempest, clouds, and billows roll. In gloomy concert with my soul. Rosa, follow me — 665 For my soul is joined to thine. And thy being's linked to mine — . Rosa, list to me." CANTO III. " His form had not yet lost All its original brightness, nor appeared Less than archangel ruined, and the excess Of glory obscured ; but his face Deep scars of thunder had intrenched, and care Sate on his faded cheek." — Paradise Lost. Paulo. " 'Tis sixteen hundred years ago, Since I came from Israel's land ; " o70 Sixteen hundred years of woe ! — With deep and furrowing hand, God's mark is painted on my head ; Must there remain until the dead Hear the last trump, and leave the tomb, 575 And earth spouts fire from her riven womb. " How can I paint that dreadful day, That time of terror and dismay, When, for our sins, a Saviour died, And the meek Zamh was crucified I 680 28 THE WANDERING JEW. As dread that day, when ^ borne along To slaughter by the insulting throng, Infuriate for Deicide, I mocked^ our Saviour, and I cried, Go, go,3 ' Ah ! I will go,' said he,* 585 * Where scenes of endless bliss invite ; * To the blest regions of the light ^ I go, but thou shalt here remain — ^ Thou diest not till I come again' — ^ E'en now, by horror traced, I see 590 His perforated feet and hands ; The madden'd crowd around him stands.^ Pierces his side the ruffian spear. Big rolls the bitter anguish'd tear.^^ Hark, that deep groan ! — he dies — he dies.^^ 595 And breathes, in death's last agonies. Forgiveness to his enemies. ^^ Then was the noon-day glory clouded. The sun in pitchy darkness shrouded.^^ 599 Then were strange forms through the darkness gleaming. And the red orb of night on Jerusalem beaming ; ^* 1 'Twas on that day, as 8 mock'd » ' Go ! go 1 » * he said, 6 6 . 7 . > > » 8 Nor see thy dying day Till I return again.' " Hark that deep groan ! He dies, he dies 1 "I ^^ . i4 , THE WANDERING JEW. 29 Which faintly, with ensanguined light, Dispersed the thickening shades of night.^ Convulsed, all nature shook with fear, As if the very end was near ; 605 Earth to her centre tremUed ; Bent in twain was the temjples vail. The graves gave up their dead ; ^ Whilst ghosts and spirits, ghastly pale^ Glared hideous on the sight, 610 Seen through the dark and lurid air, As fiends array' d in light. Threw on the scene a frightful glare. And, howling, shrieJcd with hideous yell — They shrieJcd in joy, for a Saviour fell ! 615 *Twas then I felt the Almighty's ire ; Then full on my rememhrance came Those words despised alas ! too late ! The horrors of my endless fate Flashed on my soul and shook my frame ; 620 They scorch d my hreast as with a flame Of unextinguishdble fire ; An exquisitely torturing pain ^ ; 2 The Fraser version here reads — Convulsed, all nature shook with fear, Earth trembled as if the end was near. Kent was the Temple's vail in twain — The graves gave up their dead again. 30 THE WANDERING JEW. Offrenzying anguish fired my brain. By keen remorse and anguish driven, 625 T called for vengeance down from Heaven. But, ah ! the all- wasting hand of Time, Might never wear away my crime ! I scarce could draw my fluttering breath — Was it the appalling grasp of death ? 630 I lay entranced, and deemed he shed His dews of poppy o'er my head ; But though the kindly warmth was dead, The self-inflicted torturing pangs Of conscience lent their scorpion fangs, 6*^5 Still life prolonging, after life was fled. " Methought, what glories met my sight. As burst a sudden blaze of light, Illumining the azure skies, I saw the blessed Saviour rise. 640 But how unUke to him who bled ! Where then his thorn-encircled head ? Where the big drops of agony Which dimmed the lustre of his eye ? Or deathlike hue that overspread 645 * In the Fraser version these nine lines are represented by four only — « 'Twos then I felt the Almighty's u^— Those words flashed on my soul, my frame, Scorched breast and brain as with a flame Of unextinguishable fire ! THE WANDERING JEW. 31 The features of that heavenly face ? Gone now was every mortal trace ; His eyes with radiant lustre beamed — His form confessed celestial grace, And with a blaze of glory streamed. 650 Innumerable hosts around, Their brows with wreaths immortal crowned, With amaranthine chaplets bound, As on their wings the cross they bore, Deep dyed in the Redeemer's gore, 655 Attune their golden harps, and sing Loud hallelujahs to their King. *' But, in an instant, from my sight, Fled were the visions of delight. Darkness had spread her raven pall; 660 Dank, lurid darkness cover'd all. All was as silent as the dead ; I felt a petrifying dread. Which harrowed up my frame ; When suddenly a lurid stream 665 Of dark red light, with hideous gleam, Shot like a meteor through the night, And painted Hell upon the skies — The Hell from whence it came. What clouds of sulphur seemed to rise I 670 What sounds were borne upon the air ! 32 THE WANDERING JEW. The breathings of intense despair — The piteous shrieks — the wails of woe — The screams of torment and of pain — The red-hot rack — the clanking chain ! 675 I gazed upon the gulf below, Till, fainting from excess of fear, My tottering knees refused to bear My odious weight. I sink — I sink I Already had I reached the brink. 680 The fiery waves disparted wide, To plunge me in their sulphurous tide ; When, racked by agonizing pain, I started into life again. ** Yet still the impression left behind . 685 Was deeply graven on my mind, In characters whose inward trace No change or time could e'er deface ; A burning cross illumed my brow, I hid it with a fillet grey, 690 But could not hide the wasting woe * That wore my wildered soul away, And ate my heart with living fire. I knew it was the avenger's sway, I felt it was the avenger's ire ! 695 " A burden on the face of earth, THE WANDERING JEW. 33 I cursed the mother who gave me birth ; I cursed myself — my native land. Polluted by repeated crimes, I sought in distant foreign climes 700 If change of country could bestow A transient respite from my woe. Vain from myself the attempt to fly, Sole cause of my own misery. " Since when, in death -like trance I lay, 705 Past, slowly past, the years away That poured a bitter stream on me. When once I fondly longed to see Jerusalem, alas 1 my native place, Jerusalem, alas ! no more in name, 710 No portion of her former fame Had left behind a single trace. Her pomp, her splendour, was no more. Her towers no longer seem to rise, To lift their proud heads to the skies. 715 Fane and monumental bust, Long levelled even with the dust. The holy pavements were stained with gore, The place where the sacred temple stood Was crimson-dyed with Jewish blood. 720 Long since, my parents had been dead, All my posterity had bled 34 THE WANDERING JEW. Beneath the dark Crusader's spear, No friend was left my path to cheer, To shed a few last setting rays 725 Of sunshine on my evening days ! " Rack'd by the tortures of the mind, How have I longd to ]plunge beneath The mansions of repelling death ! And strove that resting place to find 730 Where earthly sorrows cease. Oft, when the tempest-fiends engaged, And the warring winds tumulticous raged, Confounding skies with seas, Then wo^dd I rush to the towering height 735 Of the gigantic Teneriffe, Or some precipitous cliff, All in the dead of the silent night. " I have cast myself from the mountain's height. Above was day — below was night ; 740 The substantial clouds that lowered beneath Bore my detested form ; They whirVd it above the volcanic breath. And the meteors of the storm ; The torrents of electric flame .. 745 ScorcKd to a cinder my fated frame. Hark to the thunder's awful crash — THE WANDEEING JEW. 35 Hark to the midnight lightnings hiss ! At length luas heard a sullen dash^ IVhich made the hollow rocks around 750 Rehellovj to the aioful sound ; The yawning ocean opening wide, Received me in its vast abyss, And whelm' d me in its foaming tide. Though my astounded senses fled, l^o Yet did the spark of life remain ; Then the wild surges of the main Dash'd and left me on the rocky shore. Oh ! would that I had waked no mo7'e ! Vain wish! I lived again to feel 760 Torments more fierce than those of hell I A tide of keener pain to roll. And the bruises to enter my inmost soul ! ^ ^ This passage, which, as given in the Literary Journal, consists of 37 lines, is represented in Eraser by 24 lines only : — " How have I longed to plunge beneath The mansions of repelling death Where earthly sorrows cease I Oft have I rushed to the towering height Of the gigantic Teneriffe, Or some precipitous cliff, All in the dead of the stormy night, And flung me to the seas. The substantial clouds that lower'd beneath, Bore my detested form ; They whirl'd it above volcanic breath. And the meteors of the storm. Hark to the thunder's awful crash ! Hark to the midnight lightning's hiss ! D 2 36 THE WANDERING JEW. " I cast myself in Etna's womb, ^ If haply I might meet my doom, 765 At length was heard a sullen dash, Which made the hollow rocks around Rebellow to the awful sound. The yawning ocean opening wide, Received me in its vast abyss, And whelm'd me in its foaming tide — My astounded senses fled ! Oh ! would that I had waked no more. But the wild surge swept my corpse ashore — I was not with the dead I 1 "I cast myself from the overhanging summit of the gigantic TenerifFe into the wide weltering ocean. The clouds which hung upon its base below, bore up my odious weight ; the foaming billows swoln by the fury of the northern blast, opened to receive me, and, burying in a vast abyss, at length dashed my almost inanimate frame against the crags. The bruises entered into my soul, but I awoke to life and all its torments. I precipitated myself into the crater of Vesuvius, the bickering flames and melted lava vomited me up again and though I felt the tortures of the damned, though the sulphureous bitumen scorched the blood within my veins, parched up my flesh and burnt it to a cinder, still did I live to drag the galling chain of existence on. Repeatedly have I exposed myself to the tempestuous battling of the elements ; the clouds which burst upon my head in crash terrific and exterminating, and the flaming thunderbolt hurled, headlong on me its victim, stunned but not destroyed me. The lightning, in bickering coruscation, blasted me ; and like the scattered [? shattered] oak, which remains a monument of faded grandeur, and outlives the other monarchs of the forest, doomed me to live for ever. Nine times did this dagger enter into my heart — the ensanguined tide of existence followed the repeated plunge ; at each stroke, unutterable anguish seized my frame, and every limb was convulsed by the pangs of approaching dissolution. The wounds still closed, and still I breathe the hated breath of life." T have endeavoured to deviate as little as possible from the extreme sublimity of idea which the style of the German author, of which this is a translation, so forcibly impresses. [Author's note.] THE WANDERING JEW. 37 In torrents of electric flame ; Thrice happy had I found a grave 'Mid fierce combustion's tumults dire, 'Mid oceans of volcanic fire Which whirl'd me in their sulphurous wave, 770 And scorched to a cinder my hated frame, Parch'd up the blood within my veins, And rack'd my breast with damning pains ; Then hurl'd me from the mountain's entrails dread. With what unutterable woe 775 Even now I feel this bosom glow — I burn — I melt with fervent heat — Again life's pulses wildly beat — What endless throbbing pains I live to feel ! The elements respect their Maker's seal, — 780 That seal deep printed on my fated head, " Still like the scathed pine-tree's height. Braving the tempests of the night Have I 'scaped the bickering fire. Like the scathed pine which a monument stands 785 Of faded grandeur, which the brands Of the tempest-shaken air Have riven on the desolate heath. Yet it stands majestic even in death. And rears its wild form there. 790 Thus have I 'scaped the ocean's roar 38 THE WANDERING JEW. The red-hot bolt from God's right hand, The flaming midnight meteor brand, And Etna's flames of bickering fire. Thus am I doom'd by fate to stand, 795 A monument of the Eternal's ire ; Nor can this being pass away, Till time shall be no more. " I pierce with intellectual eye, Into each hidden mystery ; 800 I penetrate the fertile womb Of nature ; I produce to hght The secrets of the teeming earth, And give air's unseen embryos birth : The past, the present, and to come, 805 Float in review before my sight : To me is known the magic spell, To summon e'en the Prince of Hell ; Awed by the Cross upon my head, His fiends would obey my mandates dread, 810 To twilight change the blaze of noon. And stain with spots of blood the moon — But that an interposing hand Restrains my potent arts, my else supreme command." He raised his passion-quivering hand, 815 He loosed the grey encircling band, THE WANDERING JEW. 39 A burning Cross was there ; Its colour was like to recent blood, Deep marked upon his brow it stood, And spread a lambent glare. 820 Dimmer grew the taper's blaze. Dazzled by the brighter rays, Whilst Paulo spoke — 'twas dead of night — Fair Rosa shuddered with affright ; Yictorio, fearless, had braved death 825 Upon the blood-besprinkled heath ; Had heard, unmoved, the cannon's roar. Echoing along the Wolga's shore. When the thunder of battle was swelling, When the birds for their dead prey were yelling, 830 When the ensigns of slaughter were streaming, And falchions and bayonets were gleaming. And almost felt death's chilling hand. Stretched on ensanguined Wolga's strand, And, careless, scorned for life to cry, 835 Yet now he turned aside his eye, Scarce could his death-like terror bear. And owned now what it was to fear. " Once a funeral met my aching sight, It blasted my eyes at the dead of night, 840 When the sightless fiends of the tempests rave. And hell-birds howl o'er the storm-blacken'd wave. 40 THE WANDERING JEW. Nought was seen, save at fits, but the meteor's glare And the lightnings of God painting hell on the air ; Nought was heard save the thunder's wild voice in the sky, 845 And strange birds who, shrieking, fled dismally by. 'Twas then from my head my drench'd hair that I tore. And bade ^ my vain dagger's point drink my life's gore ; 'Twas then I fell on the ensanguined earth, And cursed the mother who gave me birth ! 850 My maddened brain could bear no more — Hark ! the chilling whirlwind's roar ; The spirits of the tombless dead Flit around my fated head, — Howl horror and destruction round, 855 As they quaff my blood that stains the ground, And shriek amid their deadly stave, — * Never shalt thou find the grave ! Ever shall thy fated soul In life's protracted torments roll, 860 Till, in latest ruin hurl'd, And fate's destruction, sinks the world ! Till the dead arise from the yawning ground, To meet their Maker's last decree. Till angels of vengeance flit around, 8(35 And loud yelling demons seize on thee ! ' bid THE WANDERING JEW. 41 " Ah ! would were come that fated hour, When the clouds of chaos around shall lower ; When this globe calcined by the fury of God Shall sink benea-th his wrathful nod I" 870 As thus he spake, a wilder gaze Of fiend-like horror lit his eye With a most unearthly blaze. As if some phantom-form passed by. At last he stilled the maddening wail 875 Of grief, and thus pursued his tale : — " Oft I invoke the fiends of hell. And summon each in dire array — I know they dare not disobey My stem, my powerful spell. 880 — Once on a night, when not a breeze Ruffled the surface of the seas. The elements were lulled to rest, And all was calm save my sad breast, On death resolved — intent, 885 I marked a circle round my form ; About me sacred reliques spread. The rehques of magicians dead. And potent incantations read — I waited their event. 890 42 THE WANDERING JEW. " All at once grew dark the night, Mists of swarthiness hung o'er the pale moonlight. Strange yells were heard, the boding cry Of the night raven that flitted by, Whilst the silver winged mew 895 Startled with screams o'er the dark wave flew. 'Twas then I seized a magic wand, The wand by an enchanter given, And deep dyed in his heart's red blood. The crashing thunder pealed aloud ; 900 I saw the portentous meteor's glare And the lightnings gleam o'er the lurid air ; I raised the wand in my trembling hand, And pointed Hell's mark at the zenith of Heaven. " A superhuman sound 905 Broke faintly on the listening ear, Like to a silver harp the notes. And yet they were more soft and clear. I wildly strained my eyes around — Again the unknown music floats. 910 Still stood Hell's mark above my head — In wildest accents I summoned the dead — And through the unsubstantial night, It diffused a strange and fiendish light ; Spread its rays to the charnel-house air, 915 And marked mystic forms on the dark vapours there. THE WANDERING JEW. 43 The winds had ceased — a thick dark smoke From beneath the pavement broke ; Around ambrosial perfumes breathe A fragrance, grateful to the sense, 920 And bliss, past utterance, dispense. The heavy mists, encircling, wreath, Disperse, and gradually unfold A youthful female form ; — she rode Upon a rosy-tinted cloud ; 925 Bright stream'd her flowing locks of gold ; She shone with radiant lustre bright, And blazed with strange and dazzling light ; A diamond coronet deck'd her brow, Bloom'd on her cheek a veraieil glow ; 930 The terrors of her fiery eye Pour'd forth insufferable day, And shed a wildly lurid ray. A smile upon her features play'd, But there, too, sate pourtray'd 935 The inventive malice of a soul Where wild demoniac passions roll ; Despair and torment on her brow, Had mark'd a melancholy woe In dark and deepened shade. 940 Under those hypocritic smiles, Deceitful as the serpent's wiles, Her hate and malice were conceal'd : 44 THE WANDERING JEW. Whilst on her guilt-confessing face, Conscience, the strongly printed trace 945 Of agony betray 'd. And all the fallen angel stood reveal'd. She held a poniard in her hand, The point was tinged by the lightning's brand ; In her left a scroll she bore, 950 Crimson'd deep with human gore ; And, as above my head she stood. Bade me smear it with my blood. She said, that when it was my doom That every earthly pang should cease ; 955 The evening of my mortal woe Would close beneath the yawning tomb ; And, luU'd into the arms of death, I should resign my labouring breath ; And in the sightless realms below 960 Enjoy an endless reign of peace. She ceased — oh, God, I thank thy grace. Which bade me spurn the deadly scroll ; Uncertain for a while I stood — The dagger's point was in my blood. 965 Even now I bleed ! — I bleed ! When suddenly what horrors flew, Quick as the lightnings through my frame ; Flash'd on my mind the infernal deed, The deed which would condemn my soul 970 THE WANDERING JEW. 45 To torments of eternal flame. Drops colder than the cavern dew Quick coursed each other down my face, I labour'd for my breath ; At length I cried, ' Avaunt ! thou fiend of Hell, 975 Avaunt ! thou minister of death ! ' I cast the volume on the ground, Loud shriek'd the fiend with piercing yell. And more than mortal laughter peal'd around. The scatter'd fragments of the storm 980 Floated along the Demon's form, Dilating till it touched the sky ; The clouds that roll'd athwart his eye, Reveal'd by its terrific ray. Brilliant as the noontide day, 985 Gleam'd with a lurid fire ; Red lightnings darted around his head, Thunders hoarse as the groans of the dead, Pronounced their Maker's ire ; A whirlwind rush'd impetuous by, 990 Chaos of horror fiU'd the sky ; I sunk convulsed with awe and dread. When I waked the storm was fled. But sounds unholy met my ear, And fiends of hell were flitting near. 995 " Here let me pause — here end my tale, 46 THE WANDEKING JEW. My mental powers begin to fail ; At this short retrospect I faint : Scarce beats my pulse — I lose my breath, I sicken even unto death. 1000 Oh 1 hard would be the task to paint And gift with life past scenes again ; To knit a long and linkless chain, Or strive minutely to relate The varied horrors of my fate. 1005 Rosa ! I could a tale disclose. So full of horror — full of woes. Such as might blast a demon's ear. Such as a fiend might shrink to hear — But, no—" 1010 Here ceased the tale. Convulsed with fear, The tale yet lived in Rosa's ear — She felt a strange mysterious dread, A chilling awe as of the dead ; Gleamed on her sight the demon's form. 1015 Heard she the fury of the storm ? The cries and hideous yells of death ? Tottered the ground her feet beneath ? Was it the fiend before her stood ? Saw she the poniard drop with blood ? 1020 All seemed to her distempered eye A true and sad reality CANTO IV. OijTOi, yvvaiKas, aWa FopySvas Xeyw uS' avre Topyeioicriu elKcicrca rvvois' jxiXaivai 8' is rh irav fiSeXvKTpoiroi' pcyKovai S' ov TrXaTo7(Ti Hush this ungovernable tide. This troubled sea to rest. 1130 Thus do I bury all my grief — • This plunge shall give my soul relief. This plunge into eternity ! " I see him now about to spring On E 2 52 THE WANDERING JEW. Into the watery grave : 1135 Hark ! the death angel flaps his wing O'er the blacken'd wave. Hark ! the night-raven shrieks on high To the breeze which passes on ; Clouds o'ershade the moonlight sky — 1140 The deadly work is almost done — When a soft and silver sound, Softer than the fairy song, Which floats at midnight hour along The daisy-spangled ground, 1145 Was borne upon the wind's soft swell. Victorio started — 'twas the knell Of some departed soul ; Now on the pinion of the blast, Which o'er the craggy mountain past, 1150 The lengthen'd murmurs roll — Till lost in ether, dies away The plaintive, melancholy lay. 'Tis said congenial sounds have power To dissipate the mists that lower 1155 Upon the wretch's brow — To still the maddening passions' war — To calm the mind's impetuous jar — To turn the tide of woe. Victorio shudder'd with affright, 1160 Swam o'er his eyes thick mists of night ; THE WANDERING JEW. 53 Even now he was about to sink Into the ocean's yawning womb, But that the branches of an oak, Which, riven by the lightning's stroke, 1165 O'erhung the precipice's brink, Preserved him from the billowy tomb ; Quick throbb'd his pulse with feverish heat, He wildly started on his feet, And rush'd from the mountain's height. 1170 The moon was down, but thro' the air Wild meteors spread a transient glare. Borne on the wing of the swelling gale. Above the dark and woody dale. Thick clouds obscured the sky. 1175 All was now wrapped in silence drear, Not a whisper broke on the listening ear. Not a murmur floated by. In thought's perplexing labyrinth lost The trackless heath he swiftly crost. 1180 Ah ! why did terror blanch his cheek ? Why did his tongue attempt to speak, And fail in the essay ? Through the dark midnight mists, an eye, Flashing with crimson brilliancy, 1185 Poured on his face its ray. 54 THE WANDERING JEW. What sighs pollute the midnight air ? What mean those breathings of despair ? Thus asked a voice, whose hollow tone Might seem but one funereal moan. 1190 Victorio groaned, with faltering breath, " I burn with love, I pant for death ! " Suddenly a meteor's glare, With brilliant flash illumed the air ; Bursting through clouds of sulphurous smoke, 1105 As on a Witch's form it broke, Of herculean bulk her frame Seemed blasted by the lightning's flame ; Her eyes that flared with lurid light. Were now with bloodshot lustre filled. 1200 They blazed like comets through the night, And now thick rheumy gore distilled ; Black as the raven's plume, her locks Loose streamed upon the pointed rocks ; Wild floated on the hollow gale, 1205 Or swept the ground in matted trail ; Vile loathsome weeds, whose pitchy fold Were blackened by the fire of Hell, Her shapeless limbs of giant mould Scarce served to hide — as she the while 1210 " Grinned horribly a ghastly smile " And shrieked with demon yell. . THE WANDERING JEW. 55 Terror unmanned Victorio's mind. His limbs, like lime leaves in tlie wind, Shook, and his brain in wild dismay 1215 Swam — Vainly he strove to turn away. " Follow me to the mansions of rest," The weird female cried ; The life-blood rushed thro' Victorio's breast In full and swelling tide. 1220 Attractive as the eagle's gaze. And bright as the meridian blaze, Led by a sanguine stream of light, He followed through the shades of night — Before him his conductress fled, 1225 As swift as the ghosts of the dead, When on some dreadful errand they fly, In a thunderblast sweeping the sky. They reached a rock whose beetling height Was dimly seen thro' the clouds of night ; 1230 Illumined by the meteor's blaze, Its wild crags caught the reddened rays And their refracted brilliance threw Around a solitary yew, Which stretched its blasted form on high, 1235 Braving the tempests of the sky. As glared the flame — a caverned cell, More pitchy than the shades of hell, 56 THE WANDERING JEW. Lay open to Victorio's view. Lost for an instant was his guide ; 1240 He rushed into the mountain's side. At length with deep and harrowing yell She bade him quickly speed, For that ere again had risen the moon 'Twas fated that there must be done 1245 A strange — a deadly deed. Swift as the wind Victorio sped ; Beneath him lay the mangled dead Around dank putrefaction s power Had caused a dim "blue mist to lower. 1250 Yet an unfixed, a wandering light Dispersed the thickening shades of night ; Yet the weird female's features dire Gleamed thro' the lurid yellow air : With a deadly livid fire, 1255 Whose wild, inconstant, dazzling light Dispelled the tenfold shades of night, Whilst her hideous fiendlike eye Fixed on her victim with horrid stare Flamed with more kindled radiancy ; 1260 More frightful far than that of Death, When exulting he stalks o'er the battle heath ; Or of the dread prophetic form. Who rides the curled clouds in the storm. THE WANDERI:N^G jew, 57 And borne upon the tempest's wings, 1265 Death, despair, and horror brings. Strange voices then and shrieks of death Were borne along the trackless heath ; Tottered the ground his steps beneath ; Rustled the blast o'er the dark cliff's side, 1270 And their works unhallowed spirits plied, As they shed their baneful breath. Yet Victorio hastened on — ■ Soon the dire deed will be done. " Mortal," the female cried, " this night 1275 Shall dissipate thy woe ; And, ere return of morning light The clouds that shade thy brow. Like fleeting summer mists shall fly Before the sun that mounts on high. 1280 I know the wishes of thy heart — A soothing balm I could impart : Rosa is Paulo's — can be thine. For the secret power is mine." VICTORIO. " Give me that secret power — Oh 1 give 1285 To me fair Rosa- — I will live To bow to thy command. Rosa but mine — and I will fly 58 THE WANDEEING JEW. E'en to the regions of the sky, Will traverse every land." 1290 WITCH. " Calm then those transports and attend, Mortal, to one, who is thy friend — The charm begins." An ancient book , ^^ -^ Of mystic characters she took ; Her loose locks floated on the air ; ^ 1295 Her eyes were fixed in lifeless stare : ^ She traced a circle on the floor. Around dank chilling vapours lower : 8 A golden cross on the pavement she threw,* 'Twas tinged with ^ a flame of lambent blue, 1300 From which bright scintillations flew ; ^ By it she cursed her Saviour's soul ; ^ Around strange fiendish laughs did roll, A hollow, wild, and frightful sound. At fits was heard to float around.^ 1305 She uttered ' then, in accents dread, Some maddening rhyme that wakes the dead, 1 , 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 by « ;^ 7 !- ^ Then savage laughter round did roll, A hollow, wild, and frightful sound, In air above, and under ground. » utter'd. THE WANDERING JEW. 59 And forces every shivering fiend , To her their demon-forms to bend ; ^ At length a wild and piercing shriek, 1810 As the dark mists disperse and break, Announced the coming Prince of Hell — ^ Jlis horrid form obscured the cell. Victorio shrunk, unused to shrink, E'en at extremest danger's brink ; 181 5 The witch then pointed to the ground. Infernal shadows flitted around. And with their prince were seen to rise. The cavern bellows with their cries. Which echoing through a thousand caves, 1820 Sound like as many tempest waves.^ Inspired and wrapt in bickering flame, 1 . 2 1 •'' This passage differs considerably from the Literary Journal version : — But when his form obscured the cell, What words could paint, what tongue could tell, The terrors of his look ! The witch's heart unused to shrink Even at extremest danger's brink, With deadliest terror shook ! And with their Prince were seen to rise Spirits of every shape and hue, — A hideous and infernal crew. With hell-fires flashing from their eyes. The cavern bellows with their cries, Whi«h, echoing through a thousand caves, Sound like as many tempest-waves. 60 THE WANDERING JEW. The strange, the awful being stood.^ Words unpremeditated came, In unintelligible flood, 1325 From her black tumid lips,^ — array'd In livid fiendish smiles of joy ; ^ Lips, which now dropped * with deadly dew, And now, extending wide, displayed,^ Projecting teeth of mouldy hue,^ 1330 As with a loud and piercing cry, A mystic, harrowing lay she sang. Along the rocks a death-peal rang. In accents hollow, deep and drear, They struck upon Victorious ear."^ 1335 As ceased the soul-appalling verse, Obedient to its power, grew still The hellish shrieks ; — the mists disperse ; — Satan — a shapeless, hideous heast — In all his horrors stood confest ! 1340 And as his vast proportions fill The lofty cave, his features dire Gleam with a pale and sulphurous fire ; From his fixed glance of deadly hate 1 The strange and wild enchantress stood ; — ^ — ^ — * dropp'd fi display'd blue. " The rocks, as with a death-peal, rang And the dread accents, deep and drear, Struck terror on the dark night's ear ! THE WANDERING JEW. 61 Even she shrunk lack, appalled with dread — 1345 For there contempt and malice sate, And from his hasiliskine eye Sparks of living fury fly. Which wanted hut a heing to strike dead. A wilder, a more awful spell 1350 Now echoed through the long-drawn cell ; The demon bowed to its mandates dread. " Receive this potent drug," he cried, " Whoever quaffs its fatal tide. Is mingled with the dead." 1355 Swept by a rushing sulphurous blast, Which wildly through the cavern past, The fatal word was borne. The cavern trembled with the sound,^ Trembled beneath his feet the ground, 1360 With strong convulsions torn, Victorio, shuddering, fell ; But soon awakening from his trance. He cast around a fearful glance. Yet gloomy was the cell, 1865 Save where a lamp's uncertain flare Cast a flickering, dying glare. 1 " Death ! Hell trembled at the hideous name and sighed From all its caves, and back resounded death." — Paradise Lost. 62 THE WANDERING JEW. WITCH. " Receive this dear-earned drug — its powtx Thou, mortal, soon shalt know : This drug shall be thy nuptial dower, 1370 This drug shall seal thy woe. Mingle it with Rosa's wine, Victorio — Rosa then is thine." She spake, and, to confirm the spell, A strange and subterranean sound 1375 Reverberated long around, In dismal echoes — the dark cell Rocked as in terror — thro' the sky Hoarse thunders murmured awfully. And winged with horror, darkness spread 1380 Her mantle o'er Yietorio's head. He gazed around with dizzy fear. No fiend, no witch, no cave, was near ; But the blasts of the forest were heard to roar, The wild ocean's billows to dash on the shore. 1385 The cold winds of Heaven struck chill on his frame ; For the cave had been heated by hell's blackening flame. And his hand grasped a casket — the philtre was there 1 « « » « • Sweet is the whispering of the breeze Which scarcely sways yon summer trees; 1390 THE WANDERING JEW. 63 Sweet is the pale moon's pearly beam, Which sleeps upon the silver stream, In slumber cold and still : Sweet those wild notes of harmony, Which on the blast that passes by, 1395 Are wafted from yon hill ; So low, so thrilling, yet so clear, Which strike enthusiast fancy's ear : Which sweep along the moonlight sky. Like notes of heavenly symphony. 1400 SONG. See yon opening flower Spreads its fragrance to the blast ; It fades within an hour, Its decay is pale, is fast. Paler is yon maiden ; 1405 Faster is her heart's decay ; Deep with sorrow laden, She sinks in death away. ***** 'Tis the silent dead of night — Hark ! hark ! what shriek so low yet clear, 1410 Breaks on calm rapture's pensive ear, From Lara's castled height ? 'Twas Rosa's death-shriek fell ! What sound is that which rides the blast, 64 THE WANDERING JEW. As onward its fainter murmurs past ? 1415 'Tis Rosa's funeral knell ! What step is that the ground which shakes ? 'Tis the step of a wretch, nature shrinks from his tread ; And beneath their tombs tremble the shuddering dead ; And while he speaks the churchyard quakes. 1420 PAULO. " Lies she therefor the worm to devour, Lies she there till the judgment hour. Is then my Bosa dead ! False fiend 1 I curse thy futile power ! O'er her form will lightnings flash, 1425 O'er her form will thunders crash, But harmless from my head Will the fierce tempest's fury fly, Rebounding to its native sky. — Who is the God of Mercy ? — where 1430 Unthroned the power to save ? Reigns he above the viewless air? Lives he beneath the grave ? To him would I lift my suppliant moan. That power should hear my harroiving groan ; — 1435 Is it then Christ's terrific Sire ? Ah ! I have felt his htming ire, I feel, — I feel it now, — His flaming mark is fixe' d on my head, THE WANDERING JEW. 65 And must there remain in traces dread ; 1 44 Wild anguish glooms my trow ; Oh ! Griefs like mine that fiercely hum. Where is the halm can heal I Where is the momomental urn Can hid to dust this frame return, J 4 4 5 Or quench the pangs I feel ! " As thus he spoke grew dark the sky, Hoarse thunders murmured awfully, " Demon ! I am thine ! " he cried. A hollow fiendish voice replied, 1450 " Come ! for thy doom is misery.''^ 1 The Fraser version of the final section differs materially from that given above. I add it therefore for purposes of comparison : — PAULO. " Lies she there for the worm to devour 1 Lies she ther^ till the judgment hour ? Is then my Rosa dead ? False fiend ! I curse thy futile power ! O'er her form will lightnings flash, O'er her form will thunders crash, But harmless from my head Will the fierce tempest's fury fly, Rebounding to its native sky. Who is the God of Mercy 1 — where Enthrones the power to save ? Reigns he above the viewless air 1 Lives he beneath the grave 1 To him would I lift my suppliant moan. That power should hear my harrowing groan ; Is it then Christ's terrific Sire V A.h I I have felt his burning ire, — 66 THE WANDERING JEW. Wild anguish glooms my brow ; His flaming mark is fixed on my head, And must there remain in traces dread ; I feel— I feel it now ! " As thus he spoke grew dark the sky, Hoarse thunders murmured awfully, " Demon ! I am thine ! " he cried, A hollow, fiendish voice replied, " Come ! for thy doom is misery ! " APPENDIX. F 2 THE WANDERING JEW'S SOLILOQUY. Is it the Eternal Triune, is it He Who dares arrest the wheels of destiny And plunge me in the lowest Hell of Hells ? Will not the lightning's blast destroy my frame ? Will not steel drink the blood-life where it swells ? No — 'let me hie where dark Destruction dwells, To rouse her from her deeply caverned lair. And taunting her curst sluggishness to ire Light long Oblivion's death torch at its flame And calmly mount Annihilation's pyre. Tyrant of Earth ! pale misery's jackal thou ! Are there no stores of vengeful violent fate Within the magazines of thy fierce hate ? No poison in the clouds to bathe a brow That lowers on thee with desperate contempt ? Where is the noonday pestilence that slew The myriad sons of Israel's favoured nation ? Where the destroying minister that flew 70 THE WANDERING JEW'S SOLILOQUY. Pouring the fiery tide of desolation Upon the leagued Assyrian's attempt ? Where the dark Earthquake demon who ingorged At the dread word Korah's unconscious crew ? Or the Angel's two-edged sword of fire that urged Our primal parents from their bower of bliss (Reared by thine hand) for errors not their own By Thine omniscient mind foredoomed, foreknown ? Yes ! I would court a ruin such as this, Almighty Tyrant ! and give thanks to Thee — Drink deeply — drain the cup of hate — remit this I may die. [I have to thank C. J. E. Esdaile, Esq., for permission to pubHsh the above poem, which now appears in print for the first time.] INTEODUCTOEY AETICLE Prefixed to " The Wandering Jew " as published in Fraser's Magazine. ^ *' Mankind," says Quinctilian, speaking of the freedom and boldness of speech which often characterise the un- learned orator, "have a pleasure in hearing what they themselves are unwilling to say." Judging from its rarity it would seem that such candour occasions at times ex- tremely unpleasant effects to the ingenuous speakers^ who are consequently daily decreasing in number. The Frenchman who averred that if he had in his hand all the truths in the world, he would only open one finger at a time, made a bold avowal — there are numbers to whom it would be dangerous to open that one ; for many are the Pilates who ask what is truth, yet are unfit to hear it. Unfortunately this extensive appetite, for which the world has so long been distinguished, has never had 1 This article is printed here rather on account of its intrinsic interest, than because of its slight references to 2'he Wandering Jew. 72 ARTICLE ON an opportunity of being gratified regarding the celebrated poet, whose works form the subject of our present re- flections. The able and willing author, who well knew the calumnies of Mr. Shelley's enemies, though he had every desire to render justice to his genius, and leave to posterity a token that his elevated and unearthly mind was understood by at least one generous contemporary, having fairly weighed his philosophy in the balance and found it wanting, therefore dealt out just that meed of faint praise which amounts to the acknowledgment that a defence is no longer tenable. By the opposite Aris- tarchus, who defended the party of optimists in religion, philosophy, and politics, advantage was taken of youthful errors, in after life devoutly retracted, to insinuate the existence of opinions and morals perfectly at variance with the well-being of society, and to brand, with the mark of Cain, the brow of one whose life shewed, by the most unequivocal demonstration, that instead of being an atheistical anarch, he was pious towards nature, towards his friends, towards the whole human race, towards the meanest insect of the forest; in a word, that he loved every thing that was nature's and was untainted by man's misery. We cannot sufficiently express our regret at the charity of those men who, living in the way they see others live, without regard to the mode being right or wrong, could describe to the world as the unprincipled enemy of morality a man who from the cradle to the grave was weighed down by the burden of an anxiety for the future, THE WANDERING JEW. 73 ever held before his eyes by a weak and consumptive con- stitution ; who, elevated by a great prevailing sentiment into the highest regions of the moral world, passed his days in a passionate straining after a solution of the " Mystery of God," the great mystery of his suffering vice and confusion to prevail ; and who, guided by a philosophy of lifei which would be unanswerable in its conclusions were it possible to assume as a rule of life, pure and strict justice without reference to the collateral affections of man, endeavoured to reconcile together his life and his aspirations after human perfectibility. A time, however, has at last come, when, without danger, an admission of such a truth may be made. The remorseless deep has closed over the head of Lycidas, and the friends whom he loved may now bid his brave and gentle spirit repose, for the human beings whom he laboured for begin to know him. He must not float unwept upon his watery bier, because his admirers are voiceless and tuneless ; nor must enmity be allowed through ignorance to extend beyond the funeral pyre, in a land where men are still just, and pity is of ancient date. " Oltre il rogo non vive ira nemica, E neir ospite suolo ove io ti lasso, Giuste son I'alme, e la pietade e antica." Monti's Basvigliana. To distinguish the true poet from the mere hunter after ^ Godwin's Political Justice; — for the analysis of which, see the character of its anthor in the Spirit of the Age. 74 ARTICLE ON images and conceits, the talent of producing rhetorical phraseology, and turning smooth verses, however trivial and devoid of ideas the mode of feeling, judging, and imagining may be, it is necessary that he should be en- dowed with a creative genius, be initiated in the deep mystery of the harmony of nature and the human mind, and gifted with an infallible instinct of the beautiful, that rejects every impure or incongruous element, now giving a " local habitation and a name " to invisible things, now emerging from the etherial, and exalting to heaven the terrestrial.— The study and profound contemplation of which masters will shew that poetry is the re-produced, clear, and intimate mingling of the visible and invisible worlds, the rhythm and measure of every life, the original form of the soul, or in whatever other manner we may describe that divine gift conceded to those few who are bom the depositaries and mirrors of the intellectual treasures of an age. The proper business of art is to represent only the eternal, viz., that which is at all places, and in all times significant and beautiful ; but this cannot be done without the intervention of a veil. Upon the choice of this veil depends the character of the artist. If, like Shakspeare, he describe the riddle of human life, his is the poetry of society, the jucunda et idonea vitce, to use Horace's words ; if, like Milton, he pursue the infinite, it is the poetry of abstraction. He draws less upon our social sympathies, yet, though he do himself the injustice to choose subjects THE WANDERING JEW. 75 which he could never adequately describe, he may yet be honoured as a poet of the first class ; for he also founds upon an intuitive sense, from which all philosophy of life and true feeling are derivative, that sense of the eternal and beautiful which centres in religion. To point out to man wherein consists this highest life, is alike the object of both. In all poets who have been eminently the poets of intellect this progress of the mind to abstraction is thus inevitable. They create a world of their own. The true poet seems then all-knowing, or, as it were, a world in miniature ; and the last and deepest observers still find in him new harmonies with the infinite structure of the universe; — concurrences with later ideas, and affinities with the higher powers and senses of man. Thus there is, blindly woven through the web of our being, a principle which burns bright or dim, as each of us are mirrors of that fire of love and immortality for which all unceasingly thirst. If this foundation of nature's creating — this natural form or eternal identity of the individual, (if we may so call it,) be mysterious and impenetrable in the meanest human being, how much less can we pretend to unveil the mystery of a mind so highly endowed. It will be sufficient to have slightly indicated the concourse of the conflicting elements of his time, the tension of his own peculiar ones and their results. If in comparing the chances of immortality to the greatest poets of our time, we assume as a test our theory that the writer who is the truest reflex of the feelings of 76 ARTICLE ON his age, will be preferred by posterity, in opposition to the notion that it will be the one who depicts a character possessing a power of appealing to certain immutable feelings of mankind, independent of those of his age, we would suggest that the searching mind of modern Europe, its advanced state of science and politics, and its new mode of reviewing antiquity, are more vividly shadowed forth in Mr. Shelley's poetry than in that of his rival Byron. The French Kevolution, that voice " Which was the echo of three thousand years," and the various theories of morals and government, which, like the wild dreams of astrology, were agitated for the perfection of man, are there recorded 'as in a faithful mirror; but, from their extremes, defeat their object by disgusting the majority, and thereby giving their enemies additional power to continue the same round '' which the weary world has ever ran ; " at the same time souring the mind of the author into the desponding belief that it is not his own philanthropy that is defective in judgment, but the blindness of a hopeless world. " Ma el mondo cieco che' el virtu non cura.*' It is strange that a genius of such a rare and etherial order should not have perceived that to the eloquent but specious reasoning of Mirabaud, the Materialism of the SysUme de la Nature^ so unanswerable to the matter-of- fact mind, there could not be given a better reply than by pointing to his own Prometheus Unimmd. All is folly THE WANDEEING JEW. - 77 except the care bestowed on our existence — if we clioose to think so. True poetry is indeed the best practical refutation of the maxim that there is nothing in the intellect that was not first in the senses, and of all the sorrowful deductions therefrom. Shelley's Witch of Atlas, his terrific Triumph of Life, or that most exquisite poem called Ejpijpsychidion, which in the expression of exalted and Platonic love, rivals the Triumphs of Petrarch, or the Vita Nuova of Dante, surely give evidence of something inconceivably more delicate than a mere conjunction of external imagery. "More subtle web Arachne cannot spin." And so far are we from reducing the mind of man to a wonderful machine, that on perusing the works of Keats and Shelley, the countless combinations which appear so foreign to the mind of an indweller of a city, like the former, and the exceeding sympathy with nature displayed in the writings of the latter, almost incline us to be of Plato's pleasant belief, that all knowledge is but remem- brance of a prior existence, relumed in us by the concords of poetry, the original form of the soul. " A cuyo son divino El alma que en olvido esta sumida Torna a cobrar el tino Y memoria perdida De su origen primera esclarecida." Luis de Leon. That fantastic spirit which would bind all existence in 78 ARTICLE ON the visionary chain of intellectual beauty, and the forced and distorted tenor of such a philosophy, became in Shelley the centre in which his whole intellectual and sensitive powers were united for its formation and em- bellishment. And although in painting the romance, the conceits and the diversities, the workings and meanderings of a heart penetrated with such an ideal passion, drawing less upon our individual sympathies than on those of social life, he may be liable to the charge of a certain mannerism, there is not the less evident, the delicacy, elasticity, and concentration of a gentle and noble mind, a deep scorn of all that is vulgar and base, a lofty enthusiasm for liberty and the glory of his country, for science and for letters ; and finally, an insatiable longing after an eternal and incorruptible being which opposed to his persuasion of the misery and nullity of this world, feeds and maintains that tension, or struggle, that '' fire at the core '* which is the inheritance of all privileged geniuses, the promoters of their age. Hence that restlessness coupled with the desire of repose, that ambition and vanity coupled with the disdain of worldly things, that retirement and mis- anthropy joined to benevolence, and the yearning after love and affection, the pursuit of fame, and the intolerance of contemporary criticism in conjunction with real and unaffected modesty ; and in fine, that contrast of virtue and weakness which is the inheritance of flesh, so requisite, seemingly, to level the more sublime capacity with its fellow creatures, and to inculcate the religious bond of THE WANDERING JEW. 79 union which Christian charity ought to inspire. Hence, too, that querulous monotony, that desire in a tender soul of exiling itself from a world deprived of the projective power, and its relapse into its own void and indistinct generalities. Love is his deity, Plato his high-priest, Aristotle his sacristan, the poets leaders and composers of his choir, and the world a court of love or a floral game. Yet there is something pathetic in this fragrant flower, so transitory seemingly in its essence and beauty. It is a delicate Ariel that would fain continue a little longer on the earth when the rays of Aurora and the approach of the living oblige it to vanish. Dismayed by the desert with which it is surrounded it passes through the universe and finds no associate or resting place for the sole of its foot. This divine emanation hears no responsive echo in nature, and the vulgar regard as folly that restlessness of soul which seems to want breathing room in the world for its enthusiasm and hope. A fatality is suspended over exalted souls, over those poets die avrano intelletto di amo7^e, whose imagination depends on the faculty of loving and sufi"ering. " lo mi son im die quando Amor mi spira noto ed in quel modo, Che ditta dentro vo significando." — Dante. As Madame de Stael says, "they are the exiles of another religion." " What," says the eloquent Corinne, " did the ancients mean when they spoke of destiny with so 80 ARTICLE ON much terror ? What influence could that destiny have over the unvarying existence of common and tranquil beings ? They follow the changes of the seasons, they pass unruffled through the ordinary course of life, but the priestess who delivered the oracles was agitated by an awful power/* There is, indeed, a woe too deep for tears when a sur- passing spirit, whose light might have adorned the world, is warped from its native bias, leaving to friends behind it only despair and cold tranquillity, the web of nature and the tangled frame of human things, that to them are no longer what they once were. Ungrateful mortals do not feel their loss, and the gap it makes seems to close as quickly over his memory as the murderous sea over his living frame. The sacred rivers of righteousness and justice have rolled back upon their sources, and all things in this world seem plainly to go amiss. How deeply expressive are those tender words of Euripides : — av(o TTorafitov Upoov xns printed in the Literary Journal, the lines are indented throughout, which is not the case in Fraser. This may help to show that the MS. used by the Literary Journal was a more carefully prepared and finished one than the Fraser ver- sion. As the present edition is taken mainly from the Fraser copy, it seemed proper, for the sake of uniformity, to print it throughout in the same manner as in that magazine. As an example, I quote a few lines as printed in the Edinburgh Journal : — " So soft the clime, so balm the air. So pure and genial were the skies, In sooth 'twas almost Paradise, — For ne'er did the sun's splendour close On such a picture of repose ; " — NOTES. 107 Page 6. " Meltingy kindling, raising, firing. Delighting now, and now inspiring.'^ This seems to be a reminiscence of Pope's " Trembling, hoping, ling'ring, flying, Oh the pain, the bliss of dying ! " Pope indeed borrowed from Flatman, who has " Fainting, gasping, trembling, crying, Panting, groaning, speechless, dying," but it is hardly likely that Shelley was acquainted with Flatman's verses. Page 12. " * And, ah ! ' cried he, * he this the hand.' " There is a passage resembling this in aS*^. Irvyne ;— " Never, never shall it end ! " enthusiastically exclaimed Wolfstein. " Never ! — What can break the bond joined by congeniality of sentiment, cemented by a union of soul which must endure till the intellectual particles which compose it become annihilated % Oh ! never shall it end ; for when, con- vulsed by nature's latest ruin, sinks the fabric of this perish- able globe ; when the earth is dissolved away, and the face of heaven is rolled from before our eyes like a scroll ; then will we seek each other, and in eternal, indivisible, although im- material union, shall we exist to all etei'nity." There is also a similar passage in Zastrozzi: — " ' Shall I then call him mine for ever ? ' mentally inquired Matilda ; ' will the passion which now consumes me, possess my soul to all eternity ? Ah ! well I know it will ; and when emancipated from this terrestrial form, my soul departs ; still its fervent energies unrepressed, will remain ; and in the union of soul to soul, it will taste celestial transports.' " It is very interesting to compare with these fictitious senti- ments, the ones which occurred to Shelley himself, when he thought he was in imminent danger of being drowned together 108 THE WANDERING JEW. with his beloved Mary. Crossing the Channel with her after the elopement, a storm came on : — "Mary did not know our danger ; she was resting between my knees, that were unable to support her ; she did not speak or look, but I felt that she was there. I had time in that moment to reflect and even to reason upon death ; it was rather a thing of discomfort and of disappointment than horror to me. We should never be separated, but in death we might not know and feel our union as now. I hope, but my hopes are not unmixed with fear for what will befall this inestimable spirit when we appear to die." Dowden's Life of Shelley, vol. i. p. 442. Page 12. " Rosa, wilt thou then he mme 7 Ever fairest, I am thine ! " This seems to be a reminiscence of a passage in The Monk : — " ' Agnes ! ' said I, while I pressed her to my bosom, * Agnes I Agnes ! thou art mine ! Agnes ! Agnes ! I am thine ! In my veins while blood shall roll, Thou art mine ! I am thine ! Thine my body I thine my soul ! ' " Page 21. " Wiy then unhidden gush'd tlie tear ? " The passage beginning thus is used, with some omissions and alterations, as a motto to the eighth chapter of St. Irvyne : — " — Why then unbidden gush'd the tear % Then would cold shudderings seize his brain, As gasping he labour'd for breath ; The strange gaze of his meteor eye. NOTES. 109 Which, frenzied, and rolling dreadfully, Glar'd with hideous gleam, Would chill like the spectre gaze of Death, As, conjur'd by feverish dream, He seems o'er the sick man's couch to stand, And shakes the fell lance in his skeleton hand." Page 22. " The ministering angel hung. And wiped the drops of agony." Evidently a reminiscence of Scott's eulogium of woman : — *' When pain and anguish wring the brow A ministering angel thou ! " It seems likely that Scott, when he wrote these lines^ remembered (perhaps unconsciously) the words of Laertes : — " I tell thee, churlish priest, A minist'ring angel shall my sister be, When thou liest howling." Page 31. ^' And painted Hell upon the skies.'* This image is repeated in a slightly altered form : — " And the lightnings of God painting hell on the air." (p. 40) Page 33. " / cursed the mother who gave me birth." This line occurs again : — "And cursed the mother who gave me birth." (p. 40) Page 36. " But the wild surge swept my corpse ashore, I was not with the dead ! " This is an excellent "bull," and almost worthy of Sir Boyle Roche himself. A similar one will be found on page 30 : — "Still life prolonging after life was fled." no THE WANDERING JEW. In the Literary Journal version the first of these blunders does not appear, a fact which helps to prove that it was the more finished rendering of the two. Page 36. "/ cast myself from the overhanging summit of the gigantic Teneriffe.^^ , It is rather remarkable that this passage is different from the one of similar purport which Shelley quotes in Queen Mab, although both are said to be by a German author. As regards the present passage, it is not known, I believe, to what German author it is to be attributed ; but the one in Queen Mob has been traced to a poem by Schubart, *' the unlucky." It is, however, by no means a literal translation, but rather a free rendering, with additions. I learn from a MS. note in a copy of Shelley's Works which belonged to the late James Thomson that this poem of Schubart's was translated by the late Clarence Mangan, who inserted it in one of his German Anthology papers in the Dublin University Magazine. Page 37. " The elements respect their Maker's seal.'* The passage beginning thus is quoted, with some variations, as a motto to the tenth chapter of aS'^. Irvyne : — " The elements respect their Maker's seal ! Still like the scathed pine-tree's height, Braving the tempests of the night, Have I scap'd the bickering flame, Like the scath'd pine, which a monument stands Of faded grandeur, which the brands Of the tempest-shaken air Have riven on the desolate heath ; Yet it stands majestic even in death. And rears its wild form there." NOTES. Ill In Queen Mah Shelley uses the same simile, only substitut- ing oa^ for jome. "Thus," says Ahasuerus :— " Thus have I stood, — through a wild waste of years Struggling with whirlwinds of mad agony, Yet peaceful, and serene, and self-enshrined, Mocking my powerless tyrant's horrible curse With stubborn and unalterable will, Even as a giant oak, which heaven's fierce flame Had scathed in the wilderness, to stand A monument of fadeless ruin there ; Yet peacefully and movelessly it braves The midnight conflict of the wintry storm, As in the sun-light's calm it spread Its worn and withered arms on high To meet the quiet of a summer's noon." The simile is taken from the passage from a German author, which is quoted on page 36. Page 47. ^^ Ah! why does man whom God has sent.'* This passage is so singular — not in itself, but as coming from Shelley — that it is worth considering with particular attention. It may be observed first, that there is no apparent reason for its introduction, since it has no connection either with what has preceded or with what follows it. I infer therefore that it was written independently, and inserted in The Wandering Jew rather because the author did not like to lose it, than because it was in any way appropriate. Next, it is to be noted that in the concluding lines, beginning : — *' What then is man, how few his days," the sentiment is inconsistent with that of the opening verses. This makes me think that Shelley's original design was to write a poem in which the question as to man's 112 THE WANDERING JEW. relations with the Deity should be discussed between two speakers. If I am right in this conjecture the lines from the beginning of the Canto down to " In misery live, despairing die," belong to the advocate of orthodox opinions ; while the follow- ing lines represent the pleading of the unorthodox speaker. I do not, however, assert this very positively, for it may be that the passage as it stands simply represents the wavering and uncertain state of the author's mind at the time when the poem was written. It might be thought that this passage was one of those contributed by Medwin, but I do not think this can have been the case. There is one expression in it which occurs also in the Alastor volume, and which goes far towards showing that Shelley must have been the writer. Compare — " The glory of the moon by night," with " The glory of the moon is dead," which occurs in the poem beginning " ! there are spirits of the air." Page 54. "Bursting through clouds of sulphurous smoJce,* As on a witch's form it broke : " Medwin states that this description of the Witch was ver- sified from a passage in a novel called Nightmare^ which he and Shelley wrote in conjunction. Page 60. " Satan a shajjeless, hideous beast — In all his horrors stood confest I " This description of the summonii5g and the appearance of Satan seems to be borrowed, or at least derived, from a similar NOTES. 113 passage in Tlie Monk. Ambrosio, having been sentenced to death, is awaiting in his prison the time of his execution. He uses a charm which causes Satan to appear : — " A loud burst of thunder was heard, the prison shook to its very foundation, a blaze of lightning flashed through the cell, and in the next moment, borne upon sulphurous whirl- winds, Lucifer stood before him a second time. But he came not as when at Matilda's summons he borrowed the seraph's form to deceive Ambrosio. He appeared in all that ugliness, which since his fall from Heaven had been his portion. His blasted limbs still bore marks of the Almighty's thunder. A swarthy darkness spread itself over his gigantic form : his hands and feet were armed with long talons. Fury glared in his eyes, which might have struck the bravest heart with terror." There is more of this stuff, but probably the reader will think I have quoted enough of it. Lewis might have been excused for writing it on the plea that he was very young when he did so, but for the fact that he continued to write such rubbish as long as he lived. Page 71. ' ' Introductory Article. ' ' One would like to know by whom this article, so apprecia- tive of Shelley's genius at a time when appreciation was the exception and not the rule, was written. Medwin was inclined to think that Carlyle (he spells his name "Carlisle ") was the author, but this was a very unlucky guess. Other names that suggest themselves are those of Mrs. Shelley, Leigh Hunt, i^T. L. Peacock, Horace Smith, and Thomas Wade, but all of them are more or less unlikely. Page 72. " The able and willing author.^ ^ This refers to William Hazlitt, who reviewed Shelley's Posthumous Poems in the Edinburgh Review. The " opposite I 114 THE WANDERING JEW. Aristarchus" doubtless refers to the critic of the Quarterly Review. Page 75. "Thus there is, blindly woven through tlie web of our beinr/." " — that sustaining love Which through the web of being blindly wove By man and beast and earth and air and sea, Burns bright or dim, as each are mirrors of The fire for which all thirst ; — " Adonais. Page 80. " There is, indeed, a looe too deep for tears." " It is a woe too ' deep for tears,' when all I^ reft at once, when some surpassing Spirit, Whose light adorned the world around it, leaves Those who remain behind, not sobs or groans, The passionate tumult of a clinging hope ; But pale despair and cold tranquillity. Nature's vast frame, the web of human things. Birth and the grave, that are not as they were." Alastor. Page 81. " Which does not disdain to regard,'^ ike. There seems to be some error in this sentence which renders its meaning obscure, if not unintelligible. I suspect it should read, " which disdains to regard even the greatest of heroes, of catastrophes, and of geniuses," &c. Page 83. " ' Mr. S/ielley's poetry,' says a biographer.** This passage is quoted from Leigh Hunt's Lord Byron and Some of his Contemporaries. NOTES. 115 Page 89. " Shout ! for the world' s young morn is, as a snake s, renewed J ^ " The world's great age begins anew, The golden years return, The earth doth like a snake renew Her winter weeds outworn." Hellas. Page 89. '^ Mr. Shelley when he died."" This also is a quotation from Hunt's Lord Byron and Some of his Contemporaries. Page 87. '' He used to say that he had livedo See one of the notes to Queen Mob, where this idea is dwelt upon at length. One sentence in this note was an unconscious prediction. "Thus, the life of a man of virtue and talent who should die in his thirtieth year, is, with regard to his own feelings longer than that of a priest-ridden slave, who dreams out a centur}?^ of dulness." A few days before his death, he said to Mrs. Hunt, " If I die to-morrow, I have lived to be older than my father ; I am ninety years of age." Page 91. '' 'Tis mournful v.ihen the deadliest hate.'' It is very singular that these interesting lines do not appear in the poem, as published in Fraser. I can only suppose that they were cut out in the process of condensation which the poem seems to have undergone before it was printed. This is very unlucky, for they arouse curiosity, and lead one to think that the passage from which they are taken must have been the best in the poem, because a direct transcript from the author's experience, and not a mere reflex of his reading. Richard Clay and Sons, i/ondon and bungay. February 10th, 1887.] You are invited to join THE SHELLEY SOCIETY, The Yearly Subscription (which constitutes Membership) is One Guinea, due every first of January, beginning- January 1st, 1886, and should be paid to either the Honorary Secretary, James Stanley Little, Esq., 76, Clarendon Eoad, Holland Park, W., or to the Chairman of Committee, William Michael Kossetti, Esq., 5, Endsleigh Gardens, Euston Road, London, N.W. (The American Subscription is f 5.25, and may be paid as above, or to any Local Hon. Sec. in the United States : see p. 2.) This Subscription entitles a Member to one copy of all the Publications of the Society during the current year (with a second copy of the Note-Book ^) ; to attend, and introduce a friend to, all the Society's Meetings ; and to admission to the Society's performances of Shelley's Cenci or Hellas, or (if the Society's funds allow of it) to both. The following seven books will form the first issue of the Society's Publications for 1887. A list of those further proposed will be found on pages 21 and 22. 1. The Wandering Jew, a Poem by Percy Bysshe Shelley. Edited by Bertram Dobell. [Issued. 2. The Shelley Primer, by H. S. Salt, M.A. {Issued. 3. The Pianoforte Score of Dr. W. C. Selle's Choruses and Recitations, composed for the Society's performance of Shelley's Hellas in November, 1H86. [Issued. 4. An Address to the Irish People, by Percy Bysslie Shelley. A Type- facsimile Reprint on Hand-made Paper. Edited by Thomas J. Wise. [Ready immediately. 5. The Necessity of A theism, by Percy Bysshe Shelley. A Type-facsimile Reprint on Hand-made Paper. Edited by Thomas J. Wise. [Ready immediately. 6. The Masque of Anarchy, by Percy Bysshe Shelley. A Type-facsimile Reprint on Hand -made paper. Edited by Thomas J. Wise. [Ready immediately. 7. Epipsychidion, by Percy Bysshe Shelley. A Type-facsimile Reprint npon Hand-made Paper, with an Introduction by the Rev. Stopford A. Brooke, M.A., and a Note by Algernon Charles Swinburne. Edited by Robert A. Potts. [Ready immediately. 1 That is, one copy iu separate numbers, and a second copy as a complete Part. 2 SHELLEY SOCIETY. COMMITTEE, LOCAL HON. SECRETARIES. COMMITTEE. William E. A. Axon. Miss Mathilde Blind. Rev. Stopford A. Brooke, M.A. Bertram Dobell. F. S. Ellis. Alfred Forman. H. Buxton Forman. Fredk. J. Fdrnivall, M.A., Ph.D. ( Treasurer.) Charles Gordon Hall. Rev. W. a. Harrison, M.A. Prof. A. S. Napier, M.A., Ph.D. Robert Alfred Potts. William Michael Rossetti, {Chairman.) H. S. Salt. Gabriel Sarrazin. William Bell Scott. Henry Sweet, M.A., Ph.D. W. B. Tegetmeier. John Todhunter, M.D A. W. Verrall, M.A. Hermann Vezin. Thomas J. Wise. Hon. Sec, James Stanley Little, 76, Clarendon Road, Holland Park, London, W. Bank : London and County, Holborn Branch, 324, High Holborn, W.C. Publishers: Reeves and Turner, 196, Strand, London, W.C. Agents : Charles Hutt, Clement's Inn Gateway, Strand, London, W.C. Bertram Dobell, 66, Queen's Crescent, Haverstock Hill, London, N.W. Printers : R. Clay and Sons, Bread Street Hill, London, E.C. LOCAL HONORARY SECRETARIES. Auckland, New Zealand : Prof. H. M. Posnett, University. Birmingham : W. Kineton Parkes, Summerfield Crescent, Edgbaston. Cambridge : H. C. Marillier, Peterhouse. Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. : Prof. J. M. Peirce, 4, Kirkland Place. Hackney : E. Berdoe, Tyneniouth House, Victoria Park Gate. Manchester : T. C. Abbott, Eastlegh, Queen's Road, Bowdon. Melbourne, Victoria : Frank Scrivenor, 28, Market Square, Collins Street West. Newcastle-on-Tyne : Fred. Grahame Aylward, 51, Westmoreland Read* Newcastle-on-Tyne. New York (Northern) : Addision Child, Childwold. New York : Charles W. Frederickson, 741, Lexington Avenue. Oxford : Beading : J. J. Rossiter, 12, Abbot's Walk, Forbury Gardens. Vxh-idge : Alfred Fountain, Highfield, Hillingdon. The Committee wish to see a large number of Branch Shelley Societies and Local Shelley Reading Clubs established, out of London, and in its suburbs. They will be glad to appoint as Local Honorary Secretaries such persons as will undertake to do what they can to promote the study of Shelley in their different localities. SHELLEY SOCIETY. MEETINGS. 3 The Society's Meetings and Papers during its Second Session, 1887, will be at University College, Gower Street, at 8 p.m. on Wednesdays. Jan. 26. First Annual General Meeting. Feb. 9. "On The Triumph of Life" by John Todhunter, M.D. March 9. " Miss-Alma Murray as ' Beatrice Cenci/ " by B. L. Mosely, LL.B April 13. "On The Revolt of Islam " by Alex. Galt RosSj B.A. May 11. Concert of Shelley Songs. June- 8. "Lord Beaconsfield and Shelley," by Dr. R. Garnett. Oct. 12. Nov. 9. Dec. 14. A Lecture on " The Poetical and Dramatic Treatment of Shelley's Prometheus Unbound" will be delivered by Mr. W. M. Rossetti during the Session 1887-8. The date will be duly announced. Miss Blind is also preparing for the same session a Lecture on " Shelley's Women." Offers of Papers are desired, and should be made to the Chairman of Committee, Mr. W. M. Rossetti, or the Honorary Secretary, Mr. James Stanley Little. The following Papers were read before the Society during its First Session, 1886 :— March 10. Inaugural Address on ''Shelley," by the Rev. Stopford A. Brooke, M.A. April 14. "On the Vicissitudes of Q4/,een Mah,^^ by H. Buxton Forman. May 12. " On the Religion of Shelley," by F. J. Maynard, of St. John's College, Oxford.^ Nov. 10. "Shelley's View of Nature contrasted with Darwin's," by Miss Mathilde Blind. Dec. 15. " A Study of Prometheus Unbound,'^ by William Michael ROSSETTI.2 The Committee hope that some Members will give the Society other Facsimile Reprints, in addition to those already promised. An estimate of the cost of reproducing all the original editions of Shelley's ditierent works will be given shortly in the Society's Note-Book, or may be had at once upon applica- tion. Two or more friends may well join in the gift of a book. Shelley's Autobiography, by Mr, W. M. Rossetti — (see p. 10, Series IV., No. 7) — has long been prepared, and can be revised, completed, and sent to press, as soon as the Society has money enough to print it. This could be in 1888 if the Society's membership reaches the number of 500 in 1887. 1 This was substHuted at a few minutes' notice for the Paper previously promised for the evening, viz., "On the Primitiveness of Shelley's View of Nature, its Parallelism with that of the Vedas. and its contrast with that of Shakspere and other Poets," by Hy. Sweet, M.A. 2 In order to promote discussion at the Meeting, this Paper was printed, and advance copies were issued to Members on November 1st. THE SHELLEY SOCIETY. {Original Prospectus, with slight revision.) This Society is started to gather the chief admirers of the Poet into a body which will work to do liis memory honour, by meeting to discuss his writings, qualities, opinions, life, and doings; by getting his plays acted; by reprinting the rarest of his original editions; by facsimiling such of his MSS as may be accessible ; by compiling a Shelley Lexicon or Concordance ; by getting a Shelley Primer published ; by generally investigating and illustrating his genius and per- sonality from every side and in every detail ; and by extending liis influence. The charm and power of Shelley as poet, essayist, letter- writer and man, are too widely acknowledged to need dwelling on here. No more attractive figure than his beams from the gallery of our literature. The present age is beginning to do justice to the high qualities of his genius, and it is but natural that those men and women who appreciate it should desire to band themselves into a Shelley Society, in which they can commune together and take steps to reach ends Avhich, individually, they could not attain. One of these is the performance of Shelley's plays. He himself wanted to have hi^ Cenci on the stage, with MissO'NEiL as Beatrice. Macready, after he had retired from the boards, declared he would come back to them if he had the chance of playing Count Cenci. Now the Shelley Society can get the play acted early next May. Miss Alma Murray, whose charm- ing performances of Constance and Colombo in Browning's In a Balcony and Colombes Birthday have so delighted the Browning Society, has kindly promised to play Beatrice Cenci, and Mr. Hermann Vezin has been good enough to undertake Count Cenci. They will use their influence with other good actors to volunteer for the other parts. Hellas may perhaps follow The Cenci in November, 1886, as Dr. W. C. Selle is setting its choruses to music for the Society. Many points to be discussed in Shelley's works and life, liis religion, politics, sociology views of nature and art, mythology. SHELLEY SOCIETY. OKI GIN AL PllOSPECTUS. O metre, revisions, development, &c., &c., uill occur to ever}^ student, as also the need of a reprint of his first editions, of old articles on him, and the facsimileing* of his MSS. No one doubts that when a set of Shelley students get together, they will find plenty of work for their Shelley Society to do, and that their Papers and Discussions can be kept clear of any of the old odium theologicum and the like. Dispassionate treat- ment of all Shelley topics is now easy, and is consistent with the entire frankness of expression which the Society will always allow in its Meetings and publications. It is proposed that the Committee consist of Shelley workers, Messrs. W. M. Eossetti, H. Buxton Forman, T. J. Wise, Todhunter, B. Dobell, and other students of Shelley, like the Rev. Stopford A. Brooke, the Rev. W. A. Harrison, Mr. Alfred Forman, Mr. Henry Sweet (who suggested the formation of a Shelley Society) and Dr. FuRNiVALL (the founder of the Society), whose father knew and liked Shelley, as Shelley liked him. The number of the Conimittee will be twenty-four. This Committee will manage the Society till January 1887, and then suggest to Members the future Rules and Officers of the Society. (The Society is constituted for ten years only.) The Society's publishers are Messrs. Reeves and Turner, of 190, Strand, London, W.C. ; its printers, Messrs. R. Clay and Sons, of Bread Street Hill, London, E.C., and Bungay, Suffolk. The Society's Meetings will be held at University College, Gower Street, W.C, at 8 P.M., on the second Wednesday in March, April, May, November and December, 1886, &c. The first performance of The Cenci was at the Grand Theatre, Islington, on the afternoon of May 9th, 1886. The Annual Subscription, vjhich constitutes Membership, is One Guinea, clue every 1st of January. Members' Names and Sub- scriptions should be sent at once to W. M. Rossetti, Esq., 5, Endsleigh Gardens, London, N.W., or to the Hon. Sec, James Stanley Little, 76, Clarendon Road, Holland Park, W. Uh December, 1885. 6 SHELLEY SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS. The Society's Publications will be issued in Five (four Ordinary and one Extra) ^ Series: — Series I. will consist of the Papers read before the Society, and an Abstract of any whicli are not printed in full, together with Reports of the Discussions at the Society's Meetings. T^he Abstracts and Reports will appear in " The Shelley Society's Note-Book^^'' which will be edited by the Honorary Secretary, and will contain Shelley " Notes and Queries " and ' News,' for both of which, contributions from Members are desired. The Papers and Note- Book will be issued both singly and in Parts. Each set will be formed into separate Parts and Volumes of convenient size. Series II. will be a set of Type-Facsimile Reprints of the original editions of Shelley's works, with full bibliographical Introductions. A list of these will be found on page 7. Gifts of Reprints are much desired. Series III. will consist of Reprints of the most important Magazine Articles on Shelley and his Works : § 1. Biographical, beginning with Hogg's seven important articles on " Shelley at Oxford," &c., in The New Monthly Magazine, 1832 and 1833. § 2. Contemporary Criticisms of Shelley's Works. (The abusive tone uf most of these constitutes their main interest to Shelley students. The amusing ones in The Gentleman* s Magazine of 1822 appeared in the Society's Note-Book, No. 2.) § 3. Critical Articles in later periodicals on Shelley and his Works. Though tliese will be mainly from journals of the last ten years (see the list on pages 8, 9), yet such Reviews as those of Shelley's Posthumous Poems in The Edinburgh Review of July 1824 (vol. xl. pp. 494-514, by Hazlitt), in the Quarterly of June 1826 (vol. xxxiv. pp. 148-153), in the Metropolitan Quarterly Magazine (No. 3), 1826, and The Mirror (vol. vii. pp. 215-217), 1826, and on Shelley in The Censor, 1829 (pp. 38-9,49-51, 86), will not be excluded. (The reproduction of Copyright Articles will of course depend on the consent of the copyright owners being obtained. The Committee trust that the generosity usual in like cases will be extended to the Shelley Society.) Series IV. will be a Miscellaneous one, and will include an edition of The Cenci for the Society's performances of the play ; Mr. Rossetti's Memoir of Shelley; Shelley^ s Autobiography; a Shelley Primer (by Mr. H. S. Salt); a Concoi-dance to Shelley^s Poetical Works (by the Society's Volunteer8,and edited byMr.F.S.Ellis) ; a Word- and Subject-Index to his Prose Works and Letters, and such other works as may hereafter be decided on. Series V. (Extra Series) will include a cheap reprint of Hellas, for the Society's performance of the drama ; cheap excerpts from some of the Society's larger works ; photo-lithographic reprints of Shelley's original manuscripts, &c. Full details of this series will be found on p. 22. SHELLEY SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS. SERIES I. AND IL 7 PUBLICATIONS SUGGESTED. Series I. Papers and Note-Booh. Papers. — Part I. The Inaugural Address of the Rev. Stopford A. Brooke, M.A., and other Papers of the Session 1886. {^At press. Note-Booh. — Part I. Abstracts of the Discussions, Shelley ^' Notes and Queries" ' News,' &c. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 are already issued. Series II. Type- Facsimile Reprints of Shelley's Original Editions. 1. Adonais. 4to. Pisa, 1821. Edited by Thomas J. Wise. [Issued. 2. Shelley's Review of Hogg's Memoirs of Prince Alexy Haimatof in the Critical Review for December 1814 (not in facsimile), with Prof. Dowden's Article on it.^ Edited by Thomas J. Wise. Crown 8vo. \_Issued. 3. Alastor. Fcap. 8vo. 1816. Edited by Bertram Dobell. [/sswer/. 4. A Vindication of Natural Diet. 12mo. 181 3.^ [Issued. 5. Hellas, a Lyrical Drama. 8vo. 1822. (Edited by Thomas J. Wise. Presented by Mr. F. S. Ellis.) [Issued. 6. An Address to the Irish People. 8vo. 1812. Edited by Thomas J. Wise. Presented by Mr. Walter B. Slater. [Ready immediately. 7. JSpipsychidion. 8vo. 1821. Presented by Mr. R. A. Potts. [Ready immediately. 8. The Necessity of Atheism. 12mo. (Not dated, but 1811.) Edited and Presented by Mr. Thomas J. Wise. [Ready immediately. 9. Posthumous Fragments of Margaret Nicholson. 4to. 1810. [At2:)ress. 10. A Letter to Lord Ellenborough. Crown 8vo. (Not dated, but 1812.) [A t press. 11. A Refutation of Deism. 8vo. 1814. [At press. 12. The Wandering Jew. 8vo. Edited, with an Introduction, by Bertram Dobell. [Issued. 13. The Masque of Anarchy. Fcap. 8vo. Written in 1819, first pub- lished in 1832. Edited by Thomas J. Wise. [Ready shortly. 14. (Edipus Tyrannus. 8vo. 1820. 15. Proposals for an Association of Philanthropists. 8vo. (Not dated, but 1812.) 16.-4 Proposal for 'putting Reform to the Vote. 8vo. 1817. 17. Rosalind and Helen. 8vo. 1819. 18. Prometheus Unbound. 8vo. 1821. 19. Laon and Cythna. 8vo. 1818. With Shelley's MS. alterations of it into The Revolt of Islam. Edited by H. Buxton Forman. [Preparing. 20. Queen Mab. Crown 8vo. 1813. With Shelley's MS. alterations. Edited by H. Buxton Forman, 21. Zastrozzi. 12mo. 1810. 22. St. Irvyne, or the Rosicrucian. 12mo. 1811. 23. Posthumous Poems. 8vo. 1822. 24. Essays, Letters from Abroad, &c. 2 vols. Crown 8vo. 1841. 1 From "Some Early Writings of Shelley," in The Contemporary Review, September, 1884. 2 500 copies of the cheap reprint of this tract have been presented to the Society by Mr. W. E. A. Axon. SHELLEY SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS. SERIES III. Series III. Magazine Articles. (Many of the most important contributions to Shelley Biography are to be found in Periodical Literature. The following are those chiefly needed to fill up the ^aps in the story of the Poet's life, and to correct the many inaccuracies of Hogg, Medwin, and other of his earlier biographers.) Section 1. — Biographical. Part 1. — Statements by writers personally acquainted with Shelley. Edited, with an Introduction, by Thomas J. Wise. With two Portraits. New at press. 1. " Percy Bysshe Shelley," in Stockdale's Budget, 1826-7. 2. Hogg's "Shelley at Oxford," ^ in The New Monthly Magazine^ January, February, April, July, October, and December, 1832, pp. 90-96, 136-144, 343-352, 65-73, 321-330, 505-513. 3. Hogg's " The History of Percy Bysshe Shelley's Expulsion from Ox- ford," in The New Monthly Magazine^ for May, 1833, pp. 17-29. 4. "A Newspaper Editor's Eeminiscences," in Eraser, No. cxxviii. June, 1841, pp. 699-710. 5. Peacock's "Memoirs of Shelley," in Fraser, No. cccxlii., June, 1858 pp. 643-659 ; No. ccclxi., January, 1860, pp. 92-109 ; No. ccclxiii., March, 1860, pp. 301-319 ; No. ccclxv., May, 1860, p. 738 ; and No. ccclxxxvii. March, 1862, pp. 343-346. 6. " Shelley, by One who Knew Him," by Thornton Hunt, in The Atlantic Monthly, February, 1863, pp. 184-204. The Committee would be ghid if members who may possess the holographs of any of Shelley's Letters printed in either of the above articles, would kindly allow the editor to collate them. Part II. — Statements by later writers. 1. " Notes (111 Shelley's Birthplace," by W. Hale White, in Macmillan^s Magazine, No. 233, vol. xxxix. pp. 461-465. 2 " On the Drowning of Shelley," by R. H. Home, in Fraser, Nov. 1870, pp. 618-625. 3. " Shelley in 1812—13 : An Unpublished Poem," by W. M. Rossetti, in The Fortnightly Revievj, January, 1871, pp. 67-85. 4. " Shelley's Last Days," by Dr. Garnett, in The Fortnightly Eevietc^ June 1, 1878, pp. 850-866. 5. " Improvvisatore Sgricci in Relation to Shelley," by H. Buxton Forman, in IVte Gentleman^ Magazine, January, 1880, pp. 115-123. 6. " Shelley's Life near Spezzia, his Death and Burials," by H. Buxton Forman, in Macmillan's Magazine, No. 247, May, 1880, pp. 43-58. 7. " Shelley and Mary," in The Edinhurgh Review, No. 320, October, 1882, pp. 472-507. 1 The six articles under tliis title ("Slielley at Oxford"), and the snppleiuentjiry article recouiitinfj the Expulsion of Shelley and himself from Oxford, contributed by Hotjg to The New Monthlu Magazine. In 1832 and 1S33, form perhaiis the most valuable portion of the tw«) volumes which Ho;;;' aftorwanls issued in ls5S. SHELLEY SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS. SERIES III. Series III. Section 2. — Contemporary Criticisms of Shelley and his Works. 1. Eeview of " Zastrozzi '■ in The Critical Review. November, 1810, vol. xxi. 3rd series, 1811. 2. „ " St. Irvyne" in The British Critic, January, 1811. 3. „ "Poems by Victor and Cazire"in 2'he Poetical Eegister, vol. viii., 1810-11, p. 617. 4. „ " Poems by Victor and Cazire" in The British Critic, April, 1811, vol. xxxvii. p. 408. 5. ,, "Queen Mab " in The Theological Inquirer, 1815. 6. „ Poems in The Mirror, 1819. 7. „ "Alastor" in Blackwood's Magazine, November, 1819. 8. „ ^'Laon and Cythna," "The Kevolt of Islam" in The Quarterly, No. xlii., September, 1819, pp. 460-471 (and "Rosalind and Helen," p. 470). 9. „ "Rosalind and Helen," and "Alastor" in BlachwoocTs Magazine, June and Nov., 1819; and " Adonais " in Dec, 1821. 10. „ *'The Cenci" in The Literary Gazette, No. 167, April 1, 1820, pp. 209-210. 11. „ "Prometheus Unbound" in The Literary Gazette, No. 190, September 9, 1820, pp. 580-582. 12. „ "The Cenci" in The New Monthly Magazine, May, 1820. 13. „ "The Cenci " in The London Magazine, No. 5, May, 1820. 14. " The Honeycomb,'" No. 9. Saturday, August 12, 1820. " Portraits of the Metropolitan Poets," No. iii. Mr. Percy Bysshe Shelley pp. 65-71. 15. Review of ''Queen Mab" in The Literary Gazette, No. 226, May 19, 1821, pp. 305-308. 16. „ " Epipsychidion," in The Gossip, June, 1821. 17. „ "Adonais" in The Literary Gazette, December 8, 1821, pp. 772-773. 18. „ " Prometheus Unbound " in The Quarterly, No. xli., December, 1821, pp. 168-180. 19. Leigh Hunt's ' Reviews ' in The Examiner. Series III. Section 3. The most Important critical articles — not necessarily excluding reviews — which have been contributed to later periodicals. 1. "The Life and Poetry of Shelley," by David Masson, in Macmillan's Magazine, June, 1860, pp. 338-350. 2. "The Poems of Shelley," in The North British Eeview, No. cv., October, 1870, pp. 30-58. 3. " Shelley's Metaphysics," by A. Cordery, in the Dark Blue, June, 1872, pp. 478-488. 4. " Shelley's 'Prometheus Unbound,' " by Arthur Clive, in The Gentle- man's Magazine, No. Ixxi., April, 1874, pp. 421-437. 5. Mr. W. M. Rossetti's two Lectures on Shelley, in the Dublin University Magazine, February and March, 1878, pp. 138-155, 262-277. 10 SHELLEY SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS. SERIES IV. 6. *' Some Thoughts on Shelley," by Stopford A. Brooke, in Macmillan^s Magazine, No. 248, June, 1880, pp. 124-135. 7. " The Prometheus of ^schylus and of Shelley," by the Eev. "W. A. O'Conor, B. A., in The Manchester Quarterly, No. i., January, 1882, pp. 29-45. 8. "Shelley as a Teacher," by H. S. Salt, in Temple Bar, No. 264, November, 1882, pp. 365-377. 9. "A Note on Shelley," by James Thomson (B.V.) in Progress, vol. iii., No. 2, February, 1884, pp. 113-117. 10. "Some Early Writings of Shelley," by Professor Dowden, in The Contemporary/ Review, September, 1884, pp. 383-396. 11. "Shelley's Philosophical View of Reform," by Professor Dowden, in The Fortnightly Review, November 1886, No. ccxxxix.. New Series, pp. 543-562. Series IV. Miscellaneous. 1. " A Shelley Bibliography." Part I. Edited by H. Bux:ton Forman. (This work is published by Reeves and Turner.) [Issued. 2. "A Memoir of Shelley" (reprinted from Mr. Rossetti's edition of his Works), with a fresh Preface by W. M. Rossetti, and a full Index, [hsued. 3. " The Cenci " : a cheap edition for the Society's performance of the Tragedy in May, 1886, with an etched portrait of Beatrice, an Intro- duction by Alfred Forman and H. Buxton Forman, and a Prologue by Dr. John Todhunter. [Issued. 4. "A Shelley Primer." By H. S. Salt, M.A. (Messrs. Reeves and Turner, 196, Strand, W.C, published this early in 1887, and the Society took a copy for each of its Members.) [Issued. 5. The Pianoforte Score of Dr. W. C. Selle's Choruses and Recitatives, composed for the Society's performance of Shelley's Hellas in November, 1886 : with an Introduction by the Composer. Imperial 8vo. Wrappers. 6. "Shelley's Autobiography : " Cor Cordhtm. A collection of all pas- sages (poetry or prose) by tShelley relating to himself and his works, with annotations by Wm. Michael Rossetti. [Preparing. 7. "A Concordance to Shelley's Poetical Worls," and "a General and Subject Index to his Prose Works and LettersJ^ Mr. F. S. Ellis has been good enough to undertake the editorship of these. Mrs. H. Buxton Forman has kindly placed lior material for the former portion of this work at th3 Society's disposal. The Committee ask for volunteer help in both portions. Specimens are ready. Offers of help are to be sent to Mr. F. S. Ellis, The Red House, Chelston, Torquay. [Preparing. 8. A reprint, in one volume, of Peacock's Four Ages of Poeti-y, and Shelley's Defence of Poetry. 9. " A Memoir of Shelley," by Leigh Hunt. 10. Extracts from books relating to Shelley, compiled under the super- intendence of H. Buxton Forman. Members are invited to forward suggestions for such additional Publi- cations as they may consider it desirable for the Society to produce. Note. — A few Large-Paper copies (Quarto size) of some of the Society's Publications have been privately printed ; they can be obtained by Members upon application to Mr. Bertram Dobell, 66, Queen's Crescent, Havers toe k Hill, London, N.W. SHELLEY SOCIETY. 402 MEMBERS. 11 MEMBERS. Abbott, T. C, Eastlegli, Queen's Road, Bowdon, Manchester. Abercrombie, W., The Manor House, Ashton-upon-Mersey, Alexander, P. F., 5, Ship Street, Oxford. Alexander, Professor W. J., care of Reeves & Turner, 196, Strand, W.C. Allan, Hugh, 33, Crescent Road, Plumstead, Kent. Angell, E. A., c/o Messrs. Angell and Webster, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. Arkwright, Wm., Sutton, Scarsdale, Cliesterlield. Armour, George A., 116, Home Insurance Buildings, Chicago, U.S.A. Ashbee, C. R. A., 53, Bedford Square London, W.C. Axon, Wm. E. A., 66, Murray Street, Higher Broughton, Manchester. Aylward, F. Grahame, 51, Westmoreland Road, Newcastle-on-Tyne. Badley, J. H., Trinity College, Cambridge. Baddeley, St. Clair, 5, Albert Hall Mansions, Kensington Gore, S.W. Bain, Andrew, 17, Athole Gardens, Kilvinside, Glasgow. Bangs, Lemuel W., 188, Fleet Street, London, E.G. Barnard, Mrs, Jas. Munson, Milton Hill, Milton, Mass., U.S.A. Beaumont, Hubert, 144, Piccadilly, London, W. Becker, Mrs. C, 9, Museum Mansions, Great Russell Street, London, W.C. Bell, J. M., Heddan House, Isleworth, London, W. Bell, Rev. Canon, D.D., Cheltenham. Bell, Matthew, Temple Works, Cursitor Street, London, E.C, Bell, Mrs. J. M., 24, Chestnut Street, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. Bennett, Miss F. E., Ogontz P. O., Montgomery Co., Pa., U.S.A. Berdoe, E., Tynemouth House, Victoria Park Gate, London, E. Best, John Vincent, 42, Lansdowne Gardens, South Lambeth, S.W. Bierstadt, Edward H., 2, Wall Street, New York City, U.S.A. Binney, Mrs,, Hillfield, Hampstead, London, N. Binns, J. Arthur, 31, Manor Road, Bradford. Bird, Miss Laura, 105, Great Russell Street, London, W.C. Bird, VV. S., 105, Great Russell Street, London, W.C, Birnstingl, Avigdor, 18, Old Broad Street, London, E.C. Black, T. Eraser, 7, Mount View Road, Crouch Hill, London, N. Bland, Hubert, Bowater Crescent, Woolwich Hill. Blind, Miss Mathilde, 27, Manchester Street, London, W. Booker, John L., 128, Piccadilly, London, W. Boston Athenaeum, c/o Messrs. Triibner & Co., 57 & 59, Ludgate Hill, E.C. Boston Public Library, c/o Messrs. Triibner, 57 & 59, Ludgate Hill. Bowring, Walter A., Meadow Lodge, Kingston Hill, Surrey. Bradley, Mrs. Jerram, 3, Park Terrace, Northampton. 12 SHELLEY SOCIETY. 402 MEMBERS. Bradley, Miss Emily T., Deanery, Westminster, London, S.W. Brandl, Professor Dr. A., 3, Stephangasse, Prag, Bohemia. Brice. Seward, 5, Bedford Square, London, W.C. Britton, John James, Heath House, Alcester, Warwickshire. Brooke, Rev. Stopford A., 1, Manchester Square, London, W. Brooksbank, Mrs. Thos., 7, Chester Place, Regent's Park, London, N.W. Brown, John, 2, St. James's Place, Hillhead, Glasgow. Browning, Oscar, King's College, Cambridge, Bucke, R. Maurice, M.D., Asylum for the Insane, London, Ont,, Canada, Burd, Mrs. T. H., Campion House, Shrewsbury. Burgess, Mrs. Boughey, 78, Tyrwhitt Road, St. John's, S.E. Burgin, Geo. B., 7, Dryden Road, Bush Hill Park, Enfield, London, K. Butler, R. F., London Institution, Finsbury Circus, London, E.C. Cabot, Mrs. Arthur T., 3, Marlborough Street, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. Call, Major, R.E., 26, Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, London, S.W. Call, Mrs. C. F., 26, Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, London, S.W. Call, W. M. W., 9, Addison Gardens, Kensington, London, W. Call, Mrs. W., 9, Addison Gardens, Kensington, London, W, Campbell, J. Dykes, 29, Albert Hall Mansions, Kensington Gore, S.W. Candy, Hugh, University Hall, Gordon Square, London, W.C. Carter, William, Parkeston, Dorset. Cass, A. M., Lime Grove, Longsight, Manchester. Cave, Geo., 15, Montague Road, Richmond, London, S.W. Cawthorn, James, 19, Selborne Road, Brighton. Cazalet, Mrs. W. Clement, Grenehurst, Dorking, Surrey. Chawner, G., King's College, Cambridge. Child, Addison, Childwold, St. Lawrence Co., New York. Clarke, B.A., Hampden House, Crouch End, London, N. Clough, William, 55, High Street, Chorlton-upon-Medlock. Clulow, George, 51, Belsize Avenue, Hampstead, London, N.W. Coates, Miss A. E ., Hart Street, Henley-on-Thames. Cobden, Miss, 17,Canfield Gardens, West Hampstead, London, N.W. Coffin, T. W.,22, Upper Park Road, Haverstock Hill, London, N.W. Coles, C. B. Cowper, 95, Wigmore Street, London, W. Comins, Herbert, Queen's Cottage, Chingford, Essex. Comyn, Mrs. M., 12, Aldridge Road Villas, Bayswater, London, W. Cook, Sam., 14, Gloucester Road, Queen's Road, Finsbury Park, N. Cooper, F. S., Royal Grammar School, Lancaster. Craig, W. J., 18, Edwardes Square, London, W. Craik, G. Lillie, 29 & 30, Bedford Street, Covent Garden, London, W.C. Crane, Walter, Beaumont Lodge, Shepherds Bush, London, W. Craufurd, W. D., 41, Cadogan Terrace, Sloane Street, London, S.W. Crouch, E. Heath, East London, Cape Colony, South Africa. Cyriax, Jules, 33, Douglas Road, Canonbury, London, N. Dale, Andrew, 12, The Terrace, Camberwell Park, London, S.E. Dallas-Glyn, Mrs., 13, Mount Street, Grosvenor Square, London, W. Davenport, Mrs. Mary S., 108, Sinclair Road, West Kensington, W. Davey, Richard, 14. Rathbone Place, London, W.C. Dawson, Miss, 30, Devonshire St., Portland Phice, London, W. Denny, Daniel, jun., 31, Little's Block, Cambridge, Mass. U.S.A. Donald, T, F., i46, Buchanan Street, Glasgow, N.B. Dillon, Arthur, Tripp Hill, Fittleworth, Pulborough. SHELLEY SOCIETY. 402 MEMBERS. IS Dobell, Bertram, 66, Queen's Crescent, Haverstock Hill, London, N.W. Donkin, H. B., 60, Upper Berkeley Street, London, W. Dowdeswell, Chas., Brantwood, Macaulay Road, Clapliam Common, S.W. Draper, E. Herbert, 52, Doughty Street, London, W.C. Druitt, Miss Emily, 447, Mile End Eoad, Bow, London, E. Dyer, Prof. Louis, 104, Mount Auburn Street, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. Eckenstein, T., 29, Douglas Road, London, N. Edgcumbe, R., 33, Tedworth Square, Chelsea, London, S.W. Edmiston, Miss E., 4, Endsleigh Street, Euston Road, London, W.C. Ellis, F. S., The Red House, Chelston, Torquay. Emrys-Jones, A., M.D., Oak Hill, Fallowfieid, Manchester. Fagan, Mrs., 26, Manchester Square, London, W. Farren, J. W, 8, Lansdowne Road, Clapliam Road, London, S.W. Fea, J. F., War Office, Pall Mall, London, S.W. Field, Michael, care of Messrs. Baker and Sons, The Mall, Clifton. Firth, E. Harding, Leigh Side, Leigh Woods, Clifton, Bristol. Forman, Alfred, 7, Holbeck Road, Stockwell, London, S.W. Forman, George, 1, Upper Phillimore Place, Kensington, London, W Forman, H. Buxton, 46, Marlborough Hill, St. John's Wood, N.W. Forman, Mrs., 5, Wilton Terrace, Camberwell Grove, London, S.E. Foster, Fred. W., Neckinger Mills, Bermondsey, London, S.E. Foss, G. R., 26, Great Ormond Street, London, W. C. Fothergill, Miss Alice, 109, Abbey Road, London, N.W. Fountain, Alfred, Highfield, Hillingdon, Uxbridge, Middlesex. Franks, Walter J., Highview, Upper Norwood, London, S.E. Frederickson, Charles W., 741, Lexington Avenue, New York City, U.S.A. Frederickson, Mrs. C. W., 741, Lexington Avenue, New York City, U.S.A. Frost, H. F., 6, Southampton Street, Strand, London, W.C. Fry, R. E. (King's College), 3, Pear Hill, Cambridge. Furnivall, Dr. F. J., 3, St. George's Sq., Primrose Hill, N.W. (Treasurer.) Galway, John, care of H. S. Sotheran & Co., 136, Strand, London, W.C. Garden, Hugh, Heathcote, Lichfield Road, Kew Gardens, London, S.W. Gardner, Mrs. John L., 152, Beacon Street, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. Gibbs, J. W. M., 34, Southampton Road, Haverstock Hill, London, N.W. Goulden, W., 45, St. Peter's Street, Canterbury. Graham, Thomas, Laurel Bank, 20, Hilldrop Road, London, N. Gray, George, Blairtoun Park, Rutherglen, N.B. Green, T. E., 106, St. Paul's Road, Camden Square, London, N.W. Grierson, G. G., St. Peter's College, Cambridge. Grigsby, W. E., LL.D., 49, Chancery Lane, London, W.C. Griswold, D. P., 47, Brattle Street, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. Guildhall Library, London, E.C. (W. H. Overall, Librarian.) Hadrill, Hy. Jno., 53, Belsize Avenue, London, N.W. Hainsworth, L., 118, Bowling Old Lane, Bradford, Yorkshire. Hales, Prof. J. W., 1, Oppidans Road, Primrose Hill, London, N.W. Hall, C. Gordon, Union Club, Trafalgar Square, London, W. Hall, Richard Thomas, care of James Dalgaison, Esq., General Post Office, Sydney, N.S.W. Hanson, E., 42, York Terrace, Regent's Park, N.W. Harden, W. Tyas, Hamlet Road, Upper Norwood, London, S.W. Harrison, Rev. W. A., St. Ann's Vicarage, S. Lambeth, London, S.W. Hart, Horace, Controller, University Press, Oxford. 14 SHELLEY SOCIETY. 402 MEMBEKS. Harvard College, c/o Triibner & Co., 57, Ludgate Hill, London, E.C. Hatchard, Mrs. H. Gibbons, Sylvaniis Villa, 211, Maida Vale, London, W. Hatchard, Miss Marion L., Sylvan us Villa, 211, Maida Vale, London, W, Hawthorne, Miss, c/o George Temple, Esq., 7, High Street, Bloomsbury Haynes, W. B., 137, King's Cross JEload, London, W.C. Hemery, Mrs., Charles, Gladsmuir, Barnet, Herts. Hibbs, Eeginald R., 13, St. Lawrence Road, North Kensington, W. Higginson, 3rd. George, 32, Little's Block, Cambridge, Mass. U.S.A. Hill, Mrs. Eardley, 6, Oxford Square, Hyde Park, London, W. Hillier, A. C, 6, Phillimore Gardens, Kensington, London, W. Hole, Jas., 1, Great College Street, Westminster, London, S.W. Holyoake, Percy, Fairbourne, King's Road, Clapham Park, London, S.W. Home, F. Wyville, 1, Gordon Villas, Woodside, London, S.E. Hope, Miss, 14, Airlie Gardens, Campden Hill, London, N. Hora, Whinfield, 16, The Terrace, Peckham Road, London, S.E. Horniman, Emslie John, Surrey Mount, Forest Hill, London, S.E. Horsford, Miss Lilian, 27 Craigie Street, Cambridge, Mass. U.S.A. Howell, F. F., St. John's College, Cambridge. Hudson, John E., 334, Marlborough Street, Boston, Mass. Hueffer, Mrs., 72, Elsham Road, Addison Road, Kensington, London, W. Hugell, J. Snell, 24, Regent's Square, London, W.C. Hughes, Arthur S., 37, Old Jewry, London, E.C. Hutt, A. Granger, 8, Oxford Road, Kilburn, London, N.W. Hutt, Charles, 30, Hargrave Park Road, Junction Road, London, N. Ingram, John H., Howard House, Stoke Newington Green, London, N. Jack, Adolphus A., 10, The University, Glasgow. Jackson, Miss, North London Collegiate School for Girls, Sandall Road, N.W, Jacob, H. P. (of Bombay), Elm Grove, Dawlish. Jarvis, J. W. Junr., 19, Bardolph Road, Tufnell Park, London, N. Jersey, The Countess of, 3, Great Stanhope Street, Mayfair, London, W. Johnson, Charles Plumptre, 9, New Square, Lincoln's Inn, W.C. Jones, Hy. A., The Hill House, Chalfont St. Peter, Slough, Bucks. Jones, Mrs. Charles, Jesmond Dene, Newcastle-on-Tyne. Joyce, Miss A., 27, Park Road, Haverstock Hill, London, N.W. Justice, Philip M., 55, Chancery Lane, London, W.C. Kendal, Mrs., 145, Hurley Street, London, W. Kerr, Mrs., Northbank, Altrincham, Cheshire. Kerr, Mrs. Alexr., 19, Warwick Road, South Kensington, London, S.W. Kerr, Mrs. William, Glan William, Tan-y-Bwlch, Merioneth. Kloos, Willem, Hemonystraat, 13, Amsterdam, Holland. Knight, H. J., 30, George Street, Hampstead Road, London, N.W. Lassiter, Francis Rives, Tavern Club, 1, Park Square, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. Latham, Mrs. G., 18, Arundel Gardens, London, W. Lawson, H. L., M.P., 32, Grosvenor Square, London, W. Lee, A. CoUingwood, Waltham Abbey, Essex. Lee, Sidney L., 26, Brondesbury Villas, Kilburn, London, N.W. Le Gallieime, Richard, Woodstock, Prenton Lane, Birkenhead. Leveson, E. J., Cluny, Anerley, Lond(m, S.E. Levy, Jonas, 55. Tavistock Sqiiare, London, W.C. Lewis, Enoch, c/o The Pennsylvania R. R. Co., 233, South Fourth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. , U.S.A. Lewis, W. B., African Steamship Company, 31, James Street, LiverpooL SHELLEY SOCIETY. 402 MEMBEllS. 15 Lindsay, W. A., St, Peter's College, Cambridge. Linton, Mrs, Lynn, Queen Anne's Mansions, St. James's Park, S.W. Lisle, Miss Underwood, 5,Cornwall Kesidences, Clarence Gate,W. {Hon. Sec.) Little, das. Stanley, 76, Clarendon Road, Holland Park, London, W. Locke, r. S., 1, New Court, St. John's College, Cambridge. Lodge, Mrs. Henry Cabot, 65, Mount Vernon Street, Boston, Mass. U.S.A. Lodge, Mrs. J. E.,31, Beacon Street, Boston, Mass. U.S.A. Lounsbury, Prof. T. R., New Haven, Conn., U.S.A. Low, Miss Marie A.,. 60, Park Road, Haverstock Hill, London, N.W, Lowell, Hon. J. Russell, 40, Clarges Street, Piccadilly, London, W. Lyndon, Miss Eleanor, 186, Adelaide Road, South Hampstead, N.W. Lyster, Thomas W., 10, Harcourt Terrace, Dublin. Macalister, Miss, Alcester, Warwickshire. Macey, F. H., 268, Strand, London, W.C. MacGeorge, B., 19, Woodside Crescent, Glasgow. MacKee, Thomas J. 237 West 24th Street, New York City, U.S.A. Macleod, Miss E., 17, Gloucester Walk, Campden Hill, Kensington, W. Macmillan, Alexander, 29, Bedford Street, Covent Garden, London, W.C. Maier, Gustav, Bankcommandite, Gustav Maier & Co., Frankfurt-am- Main, Deutschland. Main, David M., 18, Exchange Square, Glasgow. Manchester Public Free Libraries (C. W. Sutton, Esq., Librarian). Marillier, H. C, Peterhouse, Cambridge. Marsh, B. J., Devoncroft, Fairfield, Kingston-on-Thames, London, S.W. Mathie, Mrs. J. Forlong, 49, Comeragh Road, West Kensington, London, W. Matthew, Miss, 14, St. Thomas Road, South Hackney, London, N. Matthews, W. H., c/o Messrs. Matthews & Brooke, Sun Buildings, Bradford . Mauchlen, Rev. J., Aden House, Ennerdale Road, Kew, London, S.W. Maw, William, Secretary Bradford Infirmary, Bradford, Yorkshire. May, Mrs. S. L., Macro's Cottage, Burnham Beeches, Slough. McArthur, A. G., Raleigh Hall, Brixton Rise, London, S.W. Meller, Miss, Rothley Villa, Macaulay Road, Clapham, London, S.W. Mercer, F. J., North Warren, Gainsborough. Meriscord, H., 27, Russell Street, London, W.C. Millar, A., Holly hurst, Clapham Common, London, S.W. Milligan, Miss A., 13, Cromwell Grove, W. Kensington Park, London, W. Milner, George, 59a, Morley Street, Manchester. Monkhouse, A. N., Bexton Road, Knutsford. Moore, Mrs., AVedderburn House, Hampstead, London, N.W. Morgan, E. Delmas, Union Club, Trafalgar Square, London, S. W. Morrison, G. E., care of W. Earle, 8, Cathcart Road, S. Kensington, S.W. Mosely, B. L,, 55, Tavistock Square, London, W.C. Mugliston, Rev. John, Newick House, Cheltenham. Muir, James, 27, Huntley Gardens, Glasgow. Muir, Wm., 9, Angel Place, Edmonton, London, N. Munn, George F., Arts Club, Hanover Square, London, W. Murray, Miss Alma, 7, Holbeck Road, Stockwell, London, S.W. Murray, Mrs., Brambledown, Crouch Hill, London, N. Murray, Frank, ]\Ioray House, Derby. Napier, Prof. A. S., Headington Hill, Oxford. National Library of Ireland, Dublin. Neate, Mrs,, 53, Belsize Park, London, N.W. 16 SHELLEY SOCIETY. 402 MEMBERS. Nesmith, H. E. jun., 28, South Street, New York, U.S.A. Newell, E. J., The College, Dumfries Place, Cardiff. Nichols, George L. jnr., 146, Broadway, New York, U.S.A. Nicolls, Jasper H. E., Art Club, Bennet Park, Blackheath, London, S.E. Norman, Henry, 10, Northumberland Street, London, W.C. Oakeshott, J. F., New Barnet, Middlesex. O'Connor, T. B., 168, Piccadilly, London, W. Offor, George, Peak Hill Villa, Sydenham, S E. Overton, Mrs. A. M., 246, Portsdown Road, Maida Hill, London, W. Owens, Mrs., Holestone, Doagh, Belfast. Pagliardini, Signor Tito, 75, Upper Berkeley Street, Portman Square, W. Palmer, W. J., 11, Pemberton Gardens, Upper Holloway, London, N. Parker, Robert John, 27, Brunswick Gardens, Kensington, London, W. Parkes, W. Kineton, Summerfield Crescent, Edgbaston, Birmingham. Parks, Frank, Oberlin, Kansas, U.S.A. Paton, Sir Joseph Noel, R.S.A., 33, George Square, Edinburgh. Payne, John, 5, Lansdowne Place, Brunswick Square, London, W.C. Peirce, Prof. Jas. Mills, 4, Kirkland Place, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. Peile, G. Greenwood, Shotley Bridge, County Durham. Perkins, Rev. Thos., Grammar School, Shaftesbury, Dorset. Perry, Thomas Sergeant, 312, Marlborough Street, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. Phillips, Rev. T. Lloyd, The Abbey, Beckenham, Kent. Pinsent, Hume C, 6, Hyde Park Mansions, Marylebone Road, N.W. Ploetz, R. A., Eton College, Windsor, Berks. Pocock, Mrs. Alfred, Charisholme, Palace Road, Streatham Hill, S.W. Posnett, Prof. H. Macaulay, Auckland University, New Zealand. Potts, R. A., 26, South Audley Street, London, W. Power, Robert, Moorhead Villas, Shipley, Yorks. Power, P. le Poer, Winter's Buildings, 32, St. Ann's Street, Manchester. Prentice, Mrs. Ridley, Wedderburn House, Hampstead, London, N.W. Preston, Herbert P., 88, Eaton Place, London, S.W. Preston, Mrs., 88, Eaton Place, London, S.W. Preston, Sydney E., 88, Eaton Place, London, S.W. Prideaux, Colonel W. P., 4, Alipore Lane, Calcutta. Radford, Charles H., West Axton, Horrabridge, South Devon. Radford, Ernest W., 9, The Terrace, Hammersmith, London, W. Radford, George R., 2, Addison Road, Bedford Park, London, W. Read, Carveth, 38, Leamington Road Villas, Westbourne Park, London, W. Read, Miss Edith, 1, St. George's Square, Primrose Hill, London, N.W. Rees, J. Rogers, Brecon Old Bank House, Cardiff. Reeves, W., 196, Strand, London, W.C. Reid, James, Chapel AUerton, Leeds. Reinagle, Mrs., 15, Twyford Place, Tiverton, N. Devon. Revell, Wm. F., 58, Oxford Gardens, Notting Hill, London, W. Rhys, Ernest, 59, Cheyne Walk, Chelsea, London, S.W. Richards, W. R., 2, Marlborough Street, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. Richmond, John, Silverbank Villa, Cambuslang, Glasgow. Riesco, E., Wool Exchange, Coleman Street, London, E.C. Roe, Bassett, 25, Richmond Road, Thornhill Crescent, London, N. Ross, A. G., 8, Ashburn Place, Cromwell Road, Kensington, London, W. Ross, R. B., 8, Ashburn Place, Cromwell Road, S.W. Rossetti, Wm. M., 5, Endsleigh Gardens, Euston Road, N.W. {Chairman,) SHELLEY SOCIETY. 402 MEMBERS. 17 Rossiter, J. J., 12, Abbot's Walk, Forbury Gardens, Reading. Rowley, Charles, The Glen, Harperbiiry, Manchester. Russell, Earl, Ferishtah, Hampton, Middlesex. Ruston, Miss, Monks' Manor, Lincoln. Sabin, Frank T., 10, Garrick Street, London, W.C. Salt, H. S., Tilford, Farnham, Surrey. Samelson, A., M.D., 15, John Street, Manchester, Sampson, Gerald N., Exeter College, Oxford. Sarrazin, Gabriel, Lycee de Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle, France. Schlengemann, E., 8, Wilberforce Road, Finsbury Park, London, X. Scoffern, Mrs. Alice, 107, Clapham Road, London, S.W. Scott, William Bell, Penkill Castle, Girvan, Ayrshire, N.B. Scott, R. P., 135, East India Road, Poplar, London, E. Sears, Miss Mary, 85, Mount Vernon Street, Boston, Mass., U.S.A. Seawel], Miss M,, c/o Miss Burrow, 29, Addison Road, Kensington, W. Sebley, F. J., 7, Pulling Terrace, Cambridge. Selle, W. C; Mus. Doc, 5, Old Palace Terrace, Richmond, S.W. {Hon. Member. ) Sellon, Miss M. G., The Hall, Sydenham, London, S.E. Sharp, Wm., 46, Talgarth Road, West Kensington, London, W. Shaw, George Bernard, 36, Osnaburgh Street, London, N.W. Sheldon, Edw. W., University Club, Madison Square, New York, U.S.A. Shelley, Sir Percy F., Bart., Boscombe Manor, Bournemouth, Hants. Shelley, Lady, Boscombe Manor, Bournemouth, Hants. Shipley, Conway, Kelly College, Tavistock, Devon. Shorter, Clement K., 2, Gresley Road, Hornsey Lane, London, N, Sickert, Mrs. E. M., 54, Broadhurst Gardens, South Hampstead, N.W. Silsbee, Edward, Salem, Mass., U.S.A. Simpson, Mrs. Jane H., 8, Park Place Villas, London, AV. Skipwith, Grey Hubert, 4, Upper College Street, Nottingham. Slark, John, 12, Busby Place, Camden Road, London, N.W. Slater, Walter B., 249, Camden Road, London, N. Smart, Miss M. 8, Derby Villas, Forest Hill, London, S.E. Smith, G. A., 92, Carleton Road, Tufnell Park, London, N. Smith, W. J., 41. 43, North Street, Brighton. Smithson, Mrs. Edward W., 13, Lendal, York. Somerset, A., Frimley, Surrey. Sotheran, Messrs. Henry, and Co., 136, Strand, London, W.C. Stanley, Miss Sara, 3, Stirling Mansions, Compayne Gardens, South Hampstead, N.W. Stevenson, A. L., St. Andrewes, Clevedon. Stirling, James, 14, Rugby Road, Belfast. Stock, Elliot, Fern Lodge, Millfield Lane, Highgate Rise, London, N. Stockley, W. F., University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N. B., Canada. Stokes, J. Scott, Kew Cottage, Caterham, Surrey. Story, John B., 24, Lower Baggot Street, Dublin. Stringham, Professor Irving, University of California, Berkelev, California, U.S.A. Sullivan, T. R., 10, Charles Street, Boston, Mass, U.S.A. Sutton, Albert, 130, Portland Street, Manchester. Sweet, Hy., Mansfield Cottage, Heath Street, Hampstead, London, N.W. 18 SHELLEY SOCIETY. 402 MEMBERS-. Sweetland, Mrs., 18, Nottinj^jham Place, London, W. Symons, J. H., 9, Alwyne Place, London, N. Tee, W. F., Blagrave Street, Reading. Tegetmeier, W. B., 16, Alexandra Grove, North Finchley, London, N.W, Tegetmeier, Miss, 16, Alexandra Grove, North Finchley, London, N.W. Tegetmeier, Miss Ida, 16, Alexandra Grove, North Finchley, London, N.W. Tempest, Adolphus Vane, 112, Bond Street, London, W. Thicknesse, Ralph, 1, Stone Buildings, Lincoln's Inn, London, W.C. Thin, G. T., 32, Grange Road, Edinburgh. Thompson, Chas. E., care of Messrs. P. Putnam's Sons, 27, King William Street, London, W.G. Thorn-Drury, G., Lamb Buildings, Temple, London, E.G. Thwaites, E. W,, 16, Durham Villas, Kensington, London, W. Todhunter, Dr. J., Orchardcroft, Bedford Park, London, W. Toynbee Hall Library, Commercial St., Whitechapel, E. {By grant.) Tozer, Rev. Henry Fanshawe, 10, Norham Gardens, Oxford. Tregaskis, James, 4, Vernon Chambers, Southampton Row, London, W.C. Trinity College, Library, Dublin Turnley, E. J., Secretaries' Office, Inland Revenue, Somerset House, W C. Tutin, J. R., Savile Street, Hull. Tyrer, C. E., Manchester and Salford Bank, Manchester. University College Library, Gower St., London, W.C. {By grant.) Unwin, T. Fisher, 26, Paternoster Square, London, E.G. Verrall, A. W., 3, Newnham Terrace, Cambridge. Vezin, Hermann, 10, Lancaster Place, Strand, London, W.C. Vian, Alfred, 17, Claverton Street, London, S.W. Vian, Alsager, 3, Craven Street, Strand, London, W.C. Waldron, Laurence A., 13, Raglan Road, Dublin. Walford, Osborn, 42, St. Augustine's Road, Camden Square, London, N.W. Walhouse, M. J., 9, Randolph Crescent, Maida Vale, London, W. Walker, John, Lees House, Dewsbury. Walker, "W., 18, Yonge Park, Finsbury Park, London, N. Waller, Alfred Rayney, Low Ousegate, York. Warren, Miss K. M., 205, Euston Road, N.W. Warren, Mrs. Gouveneur K., Newpi)rt, Rhode Island, New York, U.S.A. Way, W. Irving, Topeka, Kansas, U.S.A. Weir, P. Jenner, Cherbury, Beckenham, Kent. Wellesley College, Wellesley, c/o H. Sotheran & Co., 136, Strand, W.C. Wemham, Ernest J., Secretary's Office, General Post Office, London, E.G. Whale, Geo., Denholm, Shrewsbury Lane, Shooter's Hill, Kent. Wharton, Henry T., 39, St. George's Road, Kilburn, London, N.W. Whistler, Josepli Swift, 19, Holyoke House, Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A. White, A. Cromwell, 3, Harcourt Buildings, Temple, London, E.G. White, W. Hale, Park Hill, Carshalton, Surrey. Whitehead, Miss Francis H.,31, Fitzjohns Avenue, South Hampstead, N.W. Wbiteley, George, 40, Liverpool Street, London, W.C. Wilkinson, T. R., Manchester and Salford Bank, Manchester. Williams, W. R., The Ryleys, Alderley Edge, Manchester. Wilmot, J. G., Junior Carlton Club, Pall Mall, London, S.W. Wilson, H., Heathcote, Red Hill, Surrey. Wilson, Mrs., 3, Portland Terrace, Regent's Park, London, N.W. Wise, T. J., 127, Devonshire Road, HoUoway, London, N. SHELLEY SOCIETY. 402 MEMBERS. 19 Withers, Alfred, Kingsgate, Cricklewood, London, N.W. Woodberry, G. E., Beverly, Mass., U.S.A. Woods, Mrs. H. G., 28, Holywell, Oxford. Woolnough, W. W., 12, Canterbury Road, East Brixton, London, S.W. Worcester Free Library, Mass., IJ.S.A,, c/o Messrs. Triibner & Co. 57, Ludgate Hill, London, E.C.. Yale College Library, Yale University, New Haven, Conn., U.S.A. (given by Professor T. R. Lounsbury). Yeo, Gerald, University College, Oxford. (402 Memhers.) The Committee appeal to every Member to use his best efforts to increase the Society's numbers, which should reach 500 by the end of 1887. Personal canvassing of ail likely well-wishers is what is needed. 20 SHELLEY SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS FOR 188G. PUBLICATIONS FOR 1886. The following are the Society's Publications for 1886 : — 1. Shelley's Adonais : an Elegy on the Death of John Keats. Pisa, 4to, 1821. A Type-Facsimile Reprint on hand-made Paper; edited, with a Bibliographical Introduction, by Thomas J. Wise. {Third Edition^ Iieviaed.) Price 10s. Boards. [Issued. 2. Shelley's Hellas, a Lyrical Drama. London, 8vo, 1822. A Type- Facsimile Reprint on hand-made Paper ; together with Shelley's Prologue to Hellas, and Notes by Dr. Garnett and Mary W. Shelley. Edited, with an Introduction, by Thos, J. Wise. Presented by Mr. F. S. Ellis. {Third Edition.) Price 8s. Boards. [Issued. 3. Shelley's Alastor, or The Spirit of Solitude; and other Poems. London, fcap, 8vo, 1816. A Type-Facsimile Reprint on hand-made Paper, with a new Preface by Bertram Dobell. {Second Edition, Revised.) Price 6,s'. Boards. [Issued. 4. Shelley's Cenci (for the Society's performance in Afay), with a prologue by Dr. John Tod hunter ; an Introduction and Notes by Harry Buxton Forman and Alfred Forman ; and a Portrait of Beatrice Cenci. Crown 8vo. Price 2s. 6d. Boards. [Issued. 5. Shelley's Vindication of Natural Diet. London, 12mo, 1813. A Reprint, 1882, with a Prefatory Note by H. S. Salt and W. E. A. Axon. Presented by Mr. Axon. (Second Edition.) [Issued. Shelley's Review of Hogg's novel, "Memoirs of Prince Alexy Haimatoff." Now first reprinted from llie Critical Review, Dec. 1814, on hand-made Paper, with an Extract from Prof. Dowden's article, "Some Early Writings of Shellev" {Contemp. Rev.. Sept. 1884). Edited, with an Introductory Note, by Thos. J.Wise. {Third Edition, Revised.) Crown 8vo. Price 2». Qd. Boards. [Issued. 7. A Memoir of Shellej/, with a fresh Preface, by William Michael Rossetti ; a Portrait of Shelley ; and an engraving of his Tomb. {Second Edition, with Contents and a full Index.) Crown 8vo. Boards [Issued. 8. The Shelley lAhruini : an Essay in Bibliography. London, 8vo, 1886. Part I. ' First Editions and their Reproductions.' By H. Buxton Forman. Boards. [Issued. ALSO The Shelley Society's Note-Book, Part I, edited by the Honorary Secretary. Part I, Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are already published. Nos. 6 and 7 will be issued in due course. Other Numbers will follow as material comes in. Part I. of Mr. T. J. Wise's Trial-List of Shellcyana (including all books of Shelleyan Biography, Bibliography, and Criticism ; Magazine articles ; Songs set to Music ; Reviews ; Notices ; &c., &c.) will appear in an early number of the Note- Book. A Paper on Promethevs Unbound, by W. M. Rossetti. [Issued. All these Publications of the Society for 1886 are kept in stock, and new Members can be supplied with them upon payment of the back subscription. Additional copies of such as are on sale can be obtained from the Society's Publishers or Agents, or through any bookseller. SHELLEY SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS FOR 1887. 21 PUBLICATIONS FOR 1887. The Society's Publications for 1887 will be so many of the following as the funds at their disposal enable the Committee to produce. The first seven will be ready early in the new year, and will be sent out to Members as each pays his subscription : — 1. The Wandering Jew, a Poem by Percy Bysshe Shelley. Edited, with an Introduction, by Bertram Dobell. 8vo. Frice 8.§. Boards. [Issued. 2. The Shelley Primer, by Mr. H. S. Salt. This is published by Beeves and Turner, and the Society has taken a copy for each of its Members. \_ Issued. 3. The Pianoforte Score of Dr. W. C. Selle's Choruses and Becitatives, composed for the Society's performance of Shelley's Hellas in November, 1886. Imperial 8vo. Wrappers. Price 4.§. [Issued. 4. Shelley's Address to the Irish People. Publin, 8vo, 1812. A Type- Facsimile Beprint on hand-made Paper. Edited, with an Introduction, by Thos. J. Wise. Presented by Mr. Walter B. Slater. Frice f)s. Boards. [Ready immediately. 5. Shelley's Necessity of Atheism. Worthing, 12mo, (n.d. but 1811). A Type-Facsimile Beprint on hand-made Paper. Edited, with an Introduction, by Thos, J. Wise. Presented by the Editor. Frice 3s. Boards. [Ready immediately. 6. Shelley's Masque of Anarchy. Small 8vo, written in 1819, published in 1832. A Type-Facsimile Beprint on hand-made Paper, with full col- lations and fresh readings (including a hitherto unpublished stanza) from Shelley's lately discovered holograph manuscript which is now in the Editor's possession. Edited, wiih an Introduction, by Thomas J. Wise. Price 5s. Boards. [Ready immediately. 7. Shelley's Epipsychidion. London, 8vo, 1821. A Type-Facsimile Beprint on hand-made Paper ; with an Introduction by the Bev. Stopford A, Brooke, M.A., and a Note on the text of the poem by Algernon C. Swin- burne. Edited by Bobert A. Potts. Presented by the Editor. Price 6s. Boards. [Ready immediately. 8. The Shelley Society's Papers, Part I. by the Bev. Stopford A. Brooke, M.A. ; Mathilde Blind ; W. M. Bossetti ; ^ and H. Buxton Forman. Part I, Nos. 1, 2, and 3, are now at press. 9. The Shelley Society's Note-Booh, Part I. Edited by the Honorary Secretary. 10. Biographical Articles on Shelley, Part I : those by Stockdale, from his Budget 1826-7 ; by Hogg, from The New Monthly Magazine, 1832-3 ; by a Newspaper Editor, from Fraser, June, 1841 ; by Thornton Hunt, from The Atlantic Monthly, February, 1863 ; and by Peacock, from Fraser, 1858, 1860, and 1862. With two Portraits. Edited, with a Preface, by Thomas J. Wise. On hand-made paper. Uctavo. Price 12.s. Boards. [Preparing. 11. Bobert Browning's i^'.ssa?/ awe/ Poems on Shelley. (Beprinted by per- mission of the Author.) With a Portrait of Mr. Browning, and Forewords by Dr. F. J. Furnivall. Octavo. Boards. [Preparing. \'2. Posthumous Fragments of Margaret Nicholson. 4to. 1810. A Type- Facsimile Beprint on hand-made Paper. Prepared from the copies of the excessively rare original, in the possession of Mr. F. Locker-Lampson, and in the British Museum. Edited, with an Introduction, by Thomas J. Wise. With a Portrait of JVIargaret Nicholson. Price lOs. Boards. [Preparing. ^ Advance copies of Mr. Rossetti's Lecture on Prometheus Unhound have already been issued to Members. 22 SHELLEY SOCIETY. PUBLICATIONS FOR 1887. 13. Shelley's Refutation of Deism. London, 8vo. 1814. A Type-Facsimile Reprint on hand-made Paper, prepared from the excellent copy of the original in the possession of Dr. Richard Garnett. Edited by Thomas J. Wise. Price 7s. Boards. \_Freparing. 14. A Letter to Lord Ellenhorough. Crown Svo. (Not dated, but 1 8 12.) A Type-Facsimile Reprint on hand-made Paper ; edited by Thomas J. Wise. Reproduced from the unique copy of the original in the possession of Sir Percy F. Shelley, Bart. Price 5s. Boards. [^Preparing. 15. Proposals for an Association of Philanthropists. 8vo. (Not dated, but 1812.) A Type-Facsimile Reprint on hand-made Paper : edited by Thomas J. Wise. 16. A Facsimile of Mr. H. Buxton Forman's copy of Laon and Cythna as corrected by Shelley into the Revolt of Islam. Edited, with an Intro- duction, by H. Buxton Forman. [Preparing. 17. The Shelley Society's Papers, Part II, containing the chief Papers read during 1887. 18. The Shelley Society's Note-Book, Part II, edited by the Honorary Secretary. EX TRA SERIE S. The Committee, finding it to be impossible with the funds at present placed at their disposal to distribute free to Members many books which it is deemed advisable to print at once, have decided, rather than postpone indefinitely the production of such works, to issue them as an " Extra Series" of the Society's Publications. At the same time the Committee wish it to be distinctly understood that this Series will include no book (such as a reprint of one of Shelley's original editions, &c.) which is an actual necessity, or which was originally promised gratis to Members in re- turn for their annual subscriptions. The Series will be formed, for the most part, of photo-lithographic reproductions of Shelley's manuscripts, volumes of illustrations, and other publications which are interesting rather than necessary. It will also include cheap excerpts from some of the Society's larger books ; for instance a half-crown edition of Hogg's Shelley at Oxford, reprinted from Section I., Series III. of the Society's Publications. Each Member will be entitled to purchase one copy of any book appearing in this Series at one-half the published price ; extra copies can be procured from the Society's Publishers and Agents, or through the trade in the usual way. 1. The Pianoforte Score of Dr. W. C. Selle's Choruses and Recitatives, composed for the Society's performance of Shelley's Hellas in November, 1886 : with an Introduction by the Composer.^ Imperial Svo. Wrappers. Price 48. iTssued. 2. A cheap edition of Hellas, prepared for the Society's performance of the drama. Edited (with a brief Introduction) by Thomas J. Wise. Svo. Price 3«. in boards (on fine paper, with a Portrait of Shelley, one hundred copies only printed), or 28. in wrappers. [Issued. 3. Shelley's Ilymn of Pan, set to music by his son. Sir Percy F. Shelley, Bart., in 1864. This has not hitherto been on sale, but one hundred copies have now been printed by Sir Percy's permission. Folio. Price 3«. 4. Shelley's Masque of Anarchy. Small 8vo, 1832. An exact reproduc- tion in photo-lithography (by W. Griggs, of Elm House, Peckham) of the recently-discovered holograph manuscript, now in the possession of Mr. ThomUs J. Wise. With an Introduction by H. Buxton Forman. 4to. Price 108. Boards. {Five Iluiulred copies only will be printed. No more will at any time be produced ) [Ready shortly. 1 This work litis been transferred to the Fourth Series (No. 4), nnil has been issued free to Members amongst the Piibli cations of 1SS7. SHELLEY SOCIETY. PERFORMANCES. 23 5. Shelley's Proposal for Putting Reform to the Vote throughout the Kingdom. 8to. 1817. An exact reproduction in photo-lithography (by W. Griggs, of Elm House, Peckham) of the original holograph manuscript in the possession of Mr. Thomas J. Wise, who has supplied an Introduction. (A detailed account of this manuscript will be found in The Shelley Library, pp. 65-6.) 4to. Price 10s. Boards. {Five Hundred copies only have been printed. No more will at any time be produced.) [Ready immediately. 6. Shelley at Oxford, by Thomas Jefferson Hogg. A cheap edition, reprinted from the Society's Publications, Series III., Section I., Part I. 8vo. Wrappers. Price 2s. Qd. 7. Memoirs of Shelley, hj Thomas Love Peacock. A cheap Edition, reprinted from the Society's Publications, Series III., Section I., Part I. 8vo. Wrappers. Price 2,s-. Qd. FIRST SHELLEY CONCERT, MAY, 1887. The Committee have arranged for a musical soiree on the evening of May 11th, next, when several songs selected from Shelley's writings, set heretofore or for the occasion, by various composers, will be sung at University College. THE SOCIETY'S PERFORMANCE OF SHELLEY'S ''CENCI." The Society's performance of The Cenci, the first since the tragedy was written in 1821, was held in the presence of 2,300 Memters and guests, at the Grand Theatre, Islington, London, aN., on Friday, May 7th, 1886, at 2 p.m. Dr. Todhunter's Prologue, written for the occasion, preceded the performance. Beatrice Cenci Miss Alma Murray, Count Francesco Cenci Mr. Hermann Vezin, &c. &c. &c. &c. The Cenci will be repeated in 1888, after having been carefully revised, compressed, and adapted for the stage. FIRST PERFORMANCE OF *' HELLAS." Shelley's Hellas is so plainly not an acting drama that the Committee resolved to perform it with recitations of the solo parts, and music for the choruses. They accepted the offer of Dr. W. C. Selle to compose the music ; and under his conductorship, Mr. Podmore reciting, Hellas was jjerformed at St. James's Hall, with a full band and chorus, on the evening of Tuesday, November 16th, 1886, before an audience of some 3,000 people by whom it was well received. The Committee, however, have resolved not to repeat the experiment. TRIAL LIST OF SHELLEYANA. Mr. T. J. Wise's Trial List of Shelley ana is now approaching completion, jand will appear shortly in the Note-Book. Mr. Wise will be glad if those Members who have been collecting lists of Reviews, Notices, &c., will ! kindly send them to him at an early date in order that they may be in- corporated at once, and thus save the printing of additional short lists, which, in addition to the extra expense incurred, would be less easy of reference than if complete in one single mass. 24 PARTICULARS OF OTHER LITERARY SOCIETIES. OTHER SOCIETIES. New Shakspere, founded by Dr. Furnivall in 1873, to promote the in- telligent study of Shakspere, and to print his Works in their original Spelling, with illustrative Treatises. President^ Egbert Browning. Director, F. J. Furnivall. Hon. Sec, K. Grahame, 65, Chelsea Gardens, Chelsea Bridge Road, London, S.W. Subscription One Guinea a year. Chaucer, founded by Dr. Furnivall in 1868, to print all the best Chaucer MSS., &c. Editor in chief, F. J. Furnivall. Hon. Sec, W. A. Dalziel, 67, Victoria Road, Finsbury Park, London, N. Subscription Two Guineas a year. Wyclif, founded by Dr. Furnivall in 1882, to print Wyclif s Latin Works. Editorn, F. D. Matthew, Reginald Lane Poole, Dr. Rudolf Buddensieg, Prof. Loserth, &c. Hon. Sec, J. W. Standerwick, General Post Office, London, E.C. Subscription, One Guinea a year. Early English Text, founded by Dr. Furnivall in 1864, to print all Early English literary MSS. Director, F. J. Furnivall. Hon. Sec W. A. Dalziel, 67, Victoria Road, Finsbury Park, London, N. One Guinea a year for the Original Series of prints of MSS. only, and One Guinea for the Extra Series of prints from MSS. or black-letters of Texts before printed. Ballad, founded by Dr. Furnivall in 1868, to print all early English MS. Ballads, and reprint the Roxburghe, Bagford and other collections of printed Ballads. Editor in chief. The Rev. J. W. Ebsworth, M.A. Hon. Sec, W. A. Dalziel, 67, Victoria Rd,, London, N. ^1 Is. a year. Browning, founded in July 1881, by Dr. Furnivall and Miss E. H. Hickey, to further the study of Robert Browning's poems, and to print papers on them and Illustrations of them. Subscription, One Guinea a year. Hon, Sec, Walter B. Slater, 249, Camden Road, London, N. Philological, founded in 1842, to investigate the Structure, the Affinities, and the History of Languages. Ho7i. Sec, F. J. Furnivall, 3, St. George's Square, London, N.W. One Guinea entrance, and one a year. Parts I. and II. of the Society's English Dictionary, for which material has been -.collecting for 30 years, have been lately issued, edited by Dr. J. A. H. Murray, and publisht by the Clarendon Press, Oxford. Wagner, to promote the study of his Musical and other works, and the performance of his Operas at Bayreuth. Hon. Sec. for England, B. L. Mosely, 55, Tavistock Square, London, W.C. Subscription, Ten Shillings a year. Shakspere Quarto Facsimiles, lOs. 6d. eacli, or 6.