-T-. ■ ' / •
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 RIVERSIDE 
 
 I ^ -i 
 
 rJ? 
 
 3- J A/ - i 
 
 
 pA 
 
 ^' 
 
 Sr:^ 
 
 iiM':H^- 
 
 ^W^^^^^^"^-^ 
 
 x^' 

 
 V 
 
 ■<X: 
 

 
 «/•//. 
 
 ROBERT CHESTER'S 
 
 "LOVES MARTYR, 
 
 OR, 
 
 ROSALINS COMPLAINT" 
 
 (1601) 
 
 WITH ITS SUPPLEMENT, 
 
 BY 
 
 SHAKSPERE, BEN JONSON, GEORGE CHAPMAN, 
 JOHN MARSTON, ETC. 
 
 EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION, NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS, 
 
 BY THE 
 
 REV. ALEXANDER B. GROSART, LL.D., F.S.A., 
 
 ST. George's, blackburn, Lancashire. 
 
 PUBLISHT FOR 
 
 BY N. TRUBNER & CO., 57, 59, LUDGATE HILL, 
 
 LONDON, E.G., 1S78.
 
 
 SmcsVIII. Do. 2. 
 
 CLAY AND TAYLOR, PRINTERS, BUNQAT.
 
 ■ * 
 
 To 
 
 F. J. FURNIVALL, Esq., 
 
 M.A., 
 
 AND THE 
 
 COMMITTEE AND MEMBERS OF 
 
 »yO YOU CO-WORKERS ON OUR ANCIENT BOOKS 
 OF TIMES ELIZABETHAN, I HERE GIVE 
 
 CHESTER'S OLD TOME. O MAY IT ONCE MORE LIVE 
 BENEATH YOUR EYES, THRO' INSIGHT THAT NOR BROOKS 
 NOR FEARS DULL FOLLY'S SUPERCILIOUS LOOKS, 
 
 WHEN FROM REMOTER DAYS, THINGS FUGITIVE 
 
 AND LONG-FORGOTTEN, WE WOULD FAIN REVIVE. 
 'LOVE'S martyr; that I BRING FROM HIDDEN NOOKS, 
 
 A QUICK KEEN MESSAGE BEARS FOR US TO-DAY : 
 AS I, BY HAPPY FORTUNE, FIRST HAVE PROV'D ; 
 
 FOR IT INTERPRETS 'BIRD OF LOUDEST LAY'— 
 TELLING, HOW GREAT ELIZABETH, ESSEX LOV'D. 
 
 TURN THEN, GOOD FRIENDS, TO THESE LONG-SEALED PAGES : 
 
 YOUR KIND APPROVAL MORE THAN COUNTED WAGES. 
 
 ALEXANDER. B. GROSART. 
 
 *^t* See page xxiv. on my friend Dr. Brinsley Nicholson's independent arrival at 
 the same conchisions. By 'give' I mean simply furnish, as the gift is only partial, 
 viz., permission to the Society to stereotype the book as set up for my own 
 Occasional Issues of unique or extremely rare books (50 copies). — G.
 
 
 6* 
 
 
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 « 
 
 Dedication, Contents, and Argument 
 I. Introduction ... 
 
 PAGH 
 I*— 15* 
 
 V — lxxxiv 
 
 o. 
 
 Who was Robert Chester ? ... 
 
 V X 
 
 b. 
 
 Who was Sir John Salisburie? (with extracts from 
 Robert Parry's Sineiies, 1597, p. xiii — xx) 
 
 X — xxi 
 
 c. 
 
 Who were meant by the PkcEiiix and the Ttirtlc-Dove 
 of these Poems? (with extracts from Churchyard's 
 Challenge, 1 593, p. xxv — xxxiv, and all his Fortunate 
 Farewell, 1599, p. xxxix — xliii) ... 
 
 xxi — xlv 
 
 d. 
 
 What is the message or motif oi the Poems .-* 
 
 xlv — Ivi 
 
 e. 
 
 What is the relation between the verse-contributions 
 of Shakspere and the other "moderne writers" to 
 Loves lilartyr ? 
 
 Ivi — Ixi 
 
 /■ 
 
 Was the 1611 issue only a number of copies of the 
 original of 1601, less the preliminary matter, with a 
 new title-page .'' 
 
 Ixi — Ixii 
 
 g- 
 
 Is there poetical worth in the book .f* 
 
 Ixii — Ixviii 
 
 h. 
 
 Who was TORQUATO Coeliano? (with Dr. Tod- 
 hunter's englishing of some of Livio Cceliano's 
 poems) ... ... ... ... ... ■ 
 
 xviii--Ixxii 
 
 i. 
 
 Postscript : Notes, p. Ixxiv — Ixxxii. Errata, p. Ix.xxii 
 — Lxxxiv ... ... ... ... Ixxiv-lxxxiv 
 
 II. Chester's Loves Martyr, or, Rosalins Complaint : 
 
 
 
 Title-page of ist edition of 1601 ... 
 
 A2 
 
 I. 
 
 Dedication to Sir John Salisburie ; The Authors 
 request to the Phoenix (No. i) ; To the kind Reader 
 {all 3 left out of the copies issued in 1611) 
 
 A3, A 4 
 
 
 New Title-page to the remaining copies of the 1601 
 edition issued in 161 1 
 
 As
 
 Contents. 7* 
 
 PACE 
 
 2. Rosalins Complaint (describing the parts of her body, the 
 
 isle of Paphos, and ' Honors louely Squire' (Turtle-Dove 
 No. i), the lover of Phcenix No. Ill.t (p. 9, st. 4), who 
 is also Turtle-Dove No. 111. (p. 125, st. 3) ; and foretelling 
 the rise of Phoenix No. IV. (p. 12, st. 2) ... ... i — I2j: 
 
 An Introduction to the Prayer (for Phoenix No. i = Turtle- 
 Dove No. 2, p. 13, 1. 3) ... ... ... ... 12—13 
 
 3. A Prayer made for the prosperitie of a siluer-coloured 
 
 Doue, applyed to the beauteous Phoenix (No. I = Turtle- 
 Dove No. II.) ... ... ... ... ... 13—15 
 
 To those of hght beleefe. (An Introduction to) ... 15—16 
 
 A meeting Dialogue-wise betweene Nature, the Phoenix 
 
 (No. I, or Turtle-Dove II.), and the Turtle Doue (No. I.) 16— 131 
 
 (i. The troubles of the Phoenix I, &c. &c. ... ... 16—25) 
 
 (ii. A description of the chief cities in England, & the 
 
 Castle of Maidens in Scotland ... ... 26—29) 
 
 (iii. An account of the Nine Worthy Women ... ... 29—32) 
 
 (iv. A description of Windsor Castle; and anent this, ... 33—34) 
 
 Here followeth the Birth, Life and Death of honourable 
 
 Arthur, King of Brittaine ... ... ... ... 34 — 80 
 
 (v. A rymed Catalogue of the Plants & Herbs in Paphos 81—95) 
 
 (vi. A rymed Catalogue of the Trees in Paphos ... 95—98) 
 
 (vii. „ „ Fish in Paphos ... 99—100) 
 
 (viii. „ „ Precious Stones in Paphos loi — 107) 
 
 (ix. „ „ Beasts & Worms in Paphos 107 — 116) 
 
 (x. „ „ Birds in Paphos ... 116— 123) 
 
 (xi. A description of the male Turtle-Dove (No. i) who 
 mourns for his Phoenix III. (p. 9, st. 4), his female 
 "Turtle who is dead" (Turtle-Dove No. III.) ;§ 
 and how the Phcenix I. resolves to share his 
 sorrow, be one with him — Turtle-Dove II. with 
 
 Turtle-Dove I.— and die with him ... ... 123— 131) 
 
 Pellican (her Lament over the Deaths of the Turtle-Dove I. 
 
 & Phoenix I. or Turtle-Dove II.) ... ... ... 131 — 133 
 
 Conclusion (Description of Phoenix IV, &c.) ... ... I33 — 134 
 
 t Phoenix, No. II, is a male, the " Arabian Phoenix," p. 5, st. 3. 
 
 X The references are to the top-pagings, and not the foot ones as in Dr. Grosart s 
 Notes. 
 
 ^ p. 125, 1. 16, ?for hhn, read her. Will the male Turtle, left all alone, die 
 for his female mate ; or does he speak of himself as ' him ' in the third person ?— 
 F. J. F.
 
 8* 
 
 Contents. 
 
 5. Cantoes Alphabet-wise to faire Phcenix (No. I.) made by 
 
 
 PAGB 
 
 
 the Paphian Doue (Turtle-Dove I.). (A. i. to Z. 24.) 
 
 134- 
 
 — 140 
 
 
 6. Cantoes Verbally written (from the Turtle-Dove I. to 
 
 
 
 III 
 
 the Phoenix I.) 
 
 141- 
 
 -167 
 
 Diverse Poeticall Essaies on the Turtle and 
 
 
 Phcenix-)- 
 
 169- 
 
 -187 
 
 
 a. Invocatio ad Apollinem & Pierides. CJwrus Vatum 
 
 
 171 
 
 
 b. To the worthily honor' d Knight Sir lohn SaUsburie. 
 
 
 
 
 Vatiini Chorus 
 
 
 172 
 
 
 c. The first. The burning. Ignoto 
 
 
 173 
 
 
 d. "Let the bird of lowdest lay." Threnos. William 
 
 
 
 
 Sliake-speai-e ... 
 
 
 174-6 
 
 
 e. A narration and description of a most exact wondrous 
 
 
 
 
 creature, arising out of the Phoenix and Turtle 
 
 
 
 
 Doues ashes, p. 177. The description of this 
 
 
 
 
 Perfection, p. 178. To Perfection, A Sonnet, p. 
 
 
 
 
 178-9. Perfection! Hymnus, p. 179 — 180. lolin 
 
 
 
 
 Marston 
 
 177- 
 
 -180 
 
 
 f. Peristeros : or the male Turtle. George Chapman ... 
 
 
 180 
 
 
 g. Praeludium, p. 181. Epos, p. 182-6. Ben Johnson ... 
 
 
 181-6 
 
 
 h. The Phcenix Analysde, p. 186. Ode ivBovamanKri. 
 
 
 
 
 Ben Johnson, p. 186-7 ••• 
 
 
 186-7 
 
 
 \_Top page-numbers left ont.i from the Notes-A'i^i-. being 
 
 
 
 
 run on by Dr. Grosart from the Text foot-numberings 
 
 
 
 
 and 710 1 its top ones 
 
 189- 
 
 -196] 
 
 IV. 
 
 Notes and Illustrations (by Dr. Grosart, Dr. 
 
 
 
 
 Nicholson, &c.) 
 
 197- 
 
 -245 
 
 V. 
 
 t 
 
 Index ... 
 
 247—254 
 Turtle-Dove 
 
 That is, Turtle-Dove No. I. (male), and Phoenix No. I. (female) = 
 
 No. 
 
 II. (female). 
 

 
 Q* 
 
 THE ARGUMENT. 
 
 At a Parliament of the gods — present [? with others not mentioned] 
 Jove, Vesta, Juno, Venus, Pallas, Bellona, and Cupid — Rosalin, in 
 the person of Dame Nature, comes to beg assistance. She has 
 established on earth the most perfect Phoenix* that ever existed — a 
 maiden whose personal beauties she describes. Parenthetically, as 
 it were, p. 5/13, tst. 3, she wishes that " Arabian Phoenix," J "love's 
 Lord," would come and take possession of this incomparable 
 beauty. Her fear is that her Phoenix will decay and that no other 
 will arise from her ashes, because 
 
 " The Arabian fiers are too dull and base 
 To make another spring within her place." — p. 7/15, st. 2. 
 
 She therefore begs Jove to pity her (Rosalin z=z Nature) and list to 
 her laments. 
 
 The gods are somewhat startled and incredulous at her wondrous 
 account of her Phoenix, but she confirms her statements by exhibit- 
 ing a picture in which they 
 
 " behold 
 
 The rich wrought Phoenix of Arabian gold." — p. 8/i6, st. 3. 
 Jove thereupon bids Nature 
 
 -hie thee, get thee Phoebus chaire 
 
 Cut through the skie, and leaue Arabia, 
 
 * Phoenix No. r, female. 
 
 t S/13 : 5 is the number at the top of the page ; 13, that at its foot. 
 
 X Phcenix No 2, male.
 
 lo* The Argument. 
 
 Leaue that il working peece * of fruitlesse ayre 
 
 Leaue me the plaines of white Brytania, 
 
 These countries have no fire to raise that flame 
 That to this Phoenix bird can yeeld a name." 
 
 p. 9/17, St. 3. 
 
 and fly to Paphos He, 
 
 " Where in a vale like Ciparissus groue 
 Thou shalt behold a second Phoenix loue." — p. 9/17, st. 4. 
 
 i. e. the love or mate of another Phoenix. f — This lover of Phoenix 
 No. 3, female, is the Turtle-dove described at p. 1 23/131, who is 
 to die with Phoenix No. i, female, and with her produce Phoenix 
 No. 4, female. — He is the hero of the Allegory: he is "true 
 Honors louely squire ; " his name is *' Liberal honor," and he 
 keeps for Nature's Phoenix "Prometheus fire," p. 11/19, st. 3, 4, 
 
 " Give him, "continues Jove, "this ointment to anoint his head 
 This precious balme to lay unto his feet. 
 These shall direct him to this Phoenix bed 
 Wliere on a high hill he this bird shall meet 
 And of their Ashes by my dome shall rise 
 Another Phoenix J her to equalize." — p. 12/20, st. 2, 
 
 " This said the Gods and Goddesses did applaud 
 The censure of this thundring Magistrate 
 And Nature gave him euerlasting laud 
 And quickly in the dayes bright coach she gate 
 
 Downe to the earth, she's whirled through the ayre; 
 Joue joyne these fires, thus Venus made her prayer." 
 
 p. 12/20, St. 3. 
 
 Then follows "An Introduction to the Prayer" addressed to the 
 "great Guider of the Sunne and Moone" craving guidance and tlie 
 blotting out of offences, and 
 
 " Then arm'd with thy protection and thy loue 
 lie make my prayer for thy Turtle-doue." 
 
 Qy. is this introductory prayer, and the prayer proper which 
 
 ♦ Peece = place ; so used by Stowe, of London, and frequently by Fenton in 
 his translation of Guiciardini's History of Italy, 1599. 
 t Phcenix No. 3, female. 
 % Phoenix No. 4, female. See Chester's "Conclusion," p. 133/141.
 
 Tlie Argument. ii* 
 
 follows, made by Venus, or is Venus' s prayer confined to the four 
 words quoted above: — "Joue joyne these fires" ? In either case 
 the Turtle-dove here mentioned is Dame Nature's (Rosalin's) 
 Phoenix, No, i. ' • 
 
 Then follows the prayer : "A Prayer made for the prosperitie of 
 a siluer coloured Doue, applyed to the beauteous Phoenix." 
 
 This prayer is addressed to Jehova, Christ, the God of Israel, in 
 favour of "the siluer coloured earthly Doue," "thy siluer Doue," 
 /, e., of course, the Phoenix, and ends with — 
 
 " Let her not wither Lord without increase 
 But blesse her with joyes offspring of sweet peace. 
 
 Amen. Amen." — p. 15/23, st. 2. 
 
 This prayer certainly proceeds from the same person as the 
 introductory petition. 
 
 The author himself now addresses three stanzas to readers of 
 "light beleefe," claiming their indulgence. 
 
 Then follows, p. 16/24, "A meeting Dialogue-wise betweene 
 Nature, the Phoenix, and the Turtle Doue." 
 
 The last of these three personages of the Allegory does not 
 appear on the scene till p. 1 23/131. 
 
 Nature arrives in her chariot and greets the Phoenix. It is not 
 very clear where this meeting takes place. It is a place where 
 "gross cloudie vapours" prevail (p. 18/26, st. 5); the air is 
 "noysome" (p. 20/28, st. 2). It is a 
 
 " barren country. 
 It is so saplesse that the very Spring 
 Makes tender new-growne Plants be with'ring." 
 
 p. 21/29, St. 4. 
 
 " The noisome Aire is growne infectious, 
 The very springs for want of moisture die. 
 The glorious Sunne is here pestiferous," etc., etc. 
 
 p. 22/30, St. I. 
 
 Here the Phoenix has long suftered from the power of Envie =: 
 Malice ; here, she says, — 
 
 " with Adders was I stuno:. 
 
 And in a lothsome pit was often fluni.
 
 12 
 
 * The Aro;ument. 
 
 &' 
 
 My Beautie and my Vertues captiuate 
 
 To Loue, dissembling Loue that I did hate." 
 
 p. 22/30, St. 3. 
 
 She complains of Fortune — 
 
 " That she should place me in a desart Plaine, 
 And send forth Enuie with a ludas kisse 
 To sting me with a Scorpions poisoned hisse. 
 From my first birth-right for to plant me heare, 
 Where I haue alwaies fed on Griefe and Feare." 
 
 p. 23/31, St. 3. 
 
 And much more, more or less intelligible, to the same effect. She 
 was about to take her flight from this horrid place when Nature 
 met her, for, says she, — 
 
 '* Upon the Arabian mountaines I must die, 
 And neuer with a poore yong Turtle graced." 
 
 p. 16/24, St. 3. 
 
 [Qy. what is meant by this "poore yong Turtle?" a son or a 
 husband ?] 
 
 It would seem then that the place of meeting is not in Arabia ; 
 indeed in st. 4, p. 21/29 Arabia is specially distinguished from this 
 barren country — 
 
 " in Arabia burnes another Light, 
 
 A dark dimme Taper that I must adore. 
 
 This barren countrey makes me to deplore," etc. 
 
 and yet in the previous parts of the Allegory (see p. 7/15, st. 2 and 
 p. 9/17, St. 3, both quoted above) it is evident that Arabia was 
 intended as the place of meeting; and the Phoenix herself says 
 when she meets the Turtle-dove in Paphos (p. 125/133, st. 4) that 
 she had left Arabia for his sake. 
 
 However, be the place where it will. Nature consoles her Phoenix ; 
 conjures up Envie and banishes him; and then Nature and the 
 Phoenix together enter Phcebus' C3ach and set out on their travels. 
 
 Their course seems rather devious. We will, says Dame 
 Nature, — •
 
 The Argument. i^* 
 
 " ride 
 
 Ouer the Semi-circle of Europa 
 And bend our course where we will see the '] ide, 
 That partes the Continent of Affrica, 
 Where the great Cham gouernes Tartaria 
 And when the starrie Curtain vales the night 
 In Paphos sacred He we meane to light." 
 
 p. 24/32, St. 4. 
 
 They behold the Pyramides and Euphrates, p. 25/33, st. 2. but in 
 a very short time they are apparently hovering over Great Britain, 
 several of the towns of which are described. The history of the 
 nine female Worthies is also briefly given, and then, from p. 34/42 
 to p. 77/85, follows an account of the birth, life, and death of King 
 Arthur. This done, they come in sight of the Tower of London, 
 p. 77/85 : a few more stanzas on London and its glory, and then 
 they each indulge in a song : Nature in dispraise of Love, the 
 Phoenix in praise of it as a holy thing. This at last brings them to 
 Paphos, and they 
 
 " are set on foote neere to that He, 
 
 In whose deep bottome plaines Delight doth smile.'' 
 
 p. 8iy'89, St. I. 
 
 But Nature is inexhaustible, and from this point to p. 1 23/131 
 she amuses the Phoenix with an account of the plants, trees, fishes, 
 minerals, beasts, reptiles, insects, and birds which are the denizens 
 of Paphos. The account of the birds naturally leads up to the 
 introduction of the hero of the Allegory, the Turtle-dove, who at 
 last makes his appearance, and proves to be a " sad-mournefull 
 dooping soule," 
 
 " Whose feathers mowt off, falling as he goes, 
 The perfect picture of hart pining woes." 
 
 p. 123/131, St. 3. 
 
 Nature having introduced the Phoenix to the Dove she had long'd 
 so much to see, now takes her departure, leaving the unhappy pair 
 together, p. 124/132, st. 3. 
 
 The Turtle-dove is stricken with admiration of the beauteous 
 Phoenix, and soon lets her know that the cause of all his moan is
 
 14* The Argument. 
 
 for his "Turtle that is dead," p. 125/133, st. 3. [We learned, 
 p. 9/17, St. 4, that this lost mate of his was a "second 
 Phoenix," Phoenix No. 3.] 
 
 To ease their pain, they share their griefs, and after mutually- 
 vowing chaste love, they prepare a pyre on which, in a manner 
 sacrificingly, they propose to burn both their bodies in order to 
 revive one name, p. 128/136, st. 3 ; and they pray to Apollo to 
 
 " Send [his] hot kindling light into this wood 
 That shall receive the Sacrifice of blood." 
 
 p. 129/137, St. I, 2, 3. 
 
 At this point the Phoenix spies a Pellican behind a bush ; but 
 the Turtle-dove tells her this bird is quite harmless. 
 
 " Let her alone," says he, " to vew our Tragedy, 
 And then report our Loue that she did see." 
 
 p. 130/138, St. I. 
 
 The Phoenix would now wish to sacrifice herself only, but the 
 Turtle-dove will not hear of this, and sets the example of mounting 
 the funeral pile ; when he is consumed, the Phoenix also enters the 
 fire. 
 
 " I come sweet Turtle, and with my bright wings 
 I will embrace thy burnt bones as they lye ; 
 I hope of these another Creature springs 
 That shall possesse both our authority : 
 I stay to long, 6 take me to your glory, 
 And thus I end the Turtle Doues true story."* 
 
 Finis. R. C. 
 
 The Pellican now comments on the tragic scene she has beheld ; 
 praises the love and constancy of the two victims, and laments the 
 degeneracy of lovers of these later times. 
 
 Chester then gives a "Conclusion" (p. 133/141), in which he 
 describes Phoenix No. 4, foretold in p. 12/20, st. 2. He states 
 that 
 
 /'From the sweetc fire of perfumed wood 
 Another princely Phoenix vjDright stood : 
 
 • Ts this last line supposed to be uttered by the Phoenix or by R. Chester 
 himself?
 
 The Argument. 15* 
 
 Whose feathers purified did yecld more light 
 Then her late burned mother out of siglit 
 And in her heart restes a perpetuall loue, 
 Sprong from the bosome of the Turtle-Doue. 
 Long may the new uprising bird increase, 
 Some humours and some motions to release, 
 And thus to all I offer my devotion, 
 Hoping that gentle minds accept my motion." 
 
 Finis. R. C. 
 
 Then follow a series of " Cantoes Alphabet-wise to faire Phoenix 
 made by the Paphian Doue." And after them another series of 
 " Cantoes verbally written " — the first words of each line forming a 
 separate series of posies — all apparently addressed to the Phoenix. 
 
 [In the second stanza of canto 13, p. 154, is, I think, a misprint. 
 "Not my dead Phoenix," etc. ; dear, or perhaps dread, should be 
 substituted for dead.^ 
 
 The book closes with the contributions of Shakespeare, Jonson, 
 Marston, etc., all evidently " intended to celebrate precisely what 
 Love's Martyr celebrated." — P. A. D. 
 
 CORRECTIONS. 
 
 [l. As a matter of interest to students of Ben Jonson, it should be noted that 
 tlie changes in his " Prseludium " and "Epos," p. i8l-6, attributed to Gififord 
 (p. l.\i Inti-oduction, and p. 245 Azotes), were really made by Jonson himself, 
 when he gathered these two pieces into his Forest, in his Folio, 1616. He 
 apparently did not consider " The Phcenix Analysde " and the " Ode " worthy of 
 transplantation. 
 
 2. In his "Postcript" C, p. Ixxv — viii, Dr. Grosart inclines to attribute to 
 Chester a series of poems called The Partheniades. It is — or should be — well 
 known that these poems were certainly composed by the author of The Arte of 
 Englishe Poesie, 1589 ; and George Puttenham is, I believe, universally accepted 
 as the writer of the latter work. See Mr. Arber's Introduction, etc., to his 
 reprint, 1869.— P. A. D.]
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 IN uie Notes and Illustrations appended to this our 
 reproduction, in extcnso and in integrity, of Loves 
 Martyr, everything that seemed to call for notice will be 
 found — it is believed — noticed with less or more fulness. 
 Thither the student-reader is referred on any point that may 
 either interest or puzzle him. Here I wish to bring together 
 certain wider things that could not well go into the Notes 
 and Illustrations, so as to shew that, in the present strangely 
 neglected book, we have a noticeable contribution to Eliza- 
 bethan-Essex-Shakespeare literature. 
 
 I purpose an attempt to answer these questions : 
 {a) Who was ROBERT CHESTER 1 
 
 ib) Who was SiR John Salisburie.? 
 
 (c) Who were meant by the Phcenix and the 
 Turtle-dove of these Poems .? 
 
 {d) What is the message or motif oi \h& Poems? 
 
 (^) What is the relation between the verse-con- 
 tributions of Shakespeare and the other 
 "Moderne Poets" to Loves Martyr} 
 
 if) Was the 1611 issue only a number of copies of 
 the original of 1601, less the preliminary 
 matter and a new title-page .'' 
 
 (g) Is there poetical worth in the book ? 
 
 {h) Who was TORQUATO CCELIANO > 
 
 (a) Who was Robert Chester ? His name, it will be 
 observed, appears in full, * Robert Chester,' in the original 
 title-page of 1601 ; as ' Ro. Chester' to the Epistle- 
 dedicatory to Salisburie (p. 4); as ' R. Chester' to "The 
 Authors request to the Phoenix" (p. 5); as ' R. Ch.' in 
 address "To the kind Reader" (p. 6); as ' R. C to " Con- 
 
 A
 
 vi Introduction. 
 
 elusion" (p. 142); and as 'R. Chester' at close of "Cantoes" 
 (p. 167). I have sought almost in vain — and I have had cap- 
 able and earnest fellow-seekers — for contemporary notices of 
 either the man or his book. Even later, the bibliographical 
 authorities, e.g., Ritson, Brydges, Lowndes, Collier, Hazlitt, 
 beyond giving the title-pages and other details with (on the 
 whole) fair accuracy, yield not one scintilla of light. Neither 
 do the county-histories, nor editors as Gilford and Cunning- 
 ham in their Ben Jonson, nor Mr. J. O. Halliwell-Phillipps in 
 his natty little reprint (in ten copies) of the " new composi- 
 tions." 
 
 I was thus shut up to an examination of the genealogies 
 of a somewhat large and widely-distributed tribe, viz., the 
 C HESTERS. I never doubted of finding in Mr. R. E. Chester 
 Waters's most laborious and trustworthy work on the 
 Chesters,* some " certain sound " on our poet as the soli- 
 tary Chester, who, in poetry at any rate, has any fame or 
 interest for us in this late day ; but even in his matterful 
 tomes I was doomed to disappointment. Equally unex- 
 pected was my failure to obtain from my many-yeared 
 friend Dr. Joseph Lemuel Chester of Bermondsey — than 
 whom one rarely meets with so thoroughly-furnished, 
 unwearied, accurate, and generous a worker — anything 
 approaching certainty of identification. After very con- 
 siderable reading and comparison of authorities, I found 
 only one member of the known families of Chester bearing 
 the Christian name of ROBERT, whose position, circumstances 
 and dates fitted in with the possible authorship of Loves 
 Martyj'. From his dedicating his book to Sir John Salisburie, 
 and many incidental evidences of familiarity in courtly and 
 high circles, I fixed on him. On communicating my conclu- 
 sion to Dr. Chester, he was inclined to doubt ; but since, 
 he has conceded that there is nothing in the facts of his life 
 against the identification, and that there really is no other 
 claimant. Accordingly he has aided me with characteristic 
 
 • Alemoirs of the Chesters of Chicheley.
 
 I ntrodiictio7i. vii 
 
 painstaking and ardour, from his abundant stores, in giving,; 
 such data concerning him {ehcu ! meagre enough) as remain. 
 I mean a Robert Chester, who became SiR Robert 
 Chester. The first of his family chstinctly recognisable, 
 was WilHam Chester of Chipping Barnett, Herts ; who 
 died early in 1566. By his wife Maud (or Matilda) he was 
 father of Leonard Chester, of Blaby, co. Leicester — whose 
 family is embraced in the Heraldic Visitations of their 
 County — and of Sir Robert Chester of Royston, Herts, 
 who was the eldest son. The family is said to have des- 
 cended from an ancient one in Derbyshire, where Chesters 
 had large possessions, and members of which represented 
 the town of Derby in Parliament, temp. Edward H and HL 
 The Derbyshire estates were expended in supporting the 
 claim of the Earl of Richmond (Henry VH) to the crown. 
 This Sir Robert Chester was admitted to Gray's Inn in 
 1532, and is subsequently described in various MSS. as 
 " Standard Bearer," " Gentleman Usher " and " Gentleman 
 of the Privy Chamber" to King Henry VHI ; from whom 
 he obtained a Grant of the Monastery of Royston, with 
 its manors and possessions, in the counties of Herts and 
 Cambridge. He was knighted by King Edward VI at 
 Wilton, 2nd September 1552, and was High Sheriff of Herts 
 and Essex in 1565. He died 25th November 1574, and was 
 buried at Royston.* By his first wife Catherine, daughter 
 of John Throgmorton, Tortworth, co. Gloucester, Esquire, 
 he had a numerous issue.-|- He was succeeded by his eldest 
 son and heir, Edward Chester Esquire of Royston, who 
 was about thirty years old at his father's death. Curiously 
 enough. Sir Robert Chester married as his second wife, 
 Magdalen, widow of Sir James Granado, Knt., on the same 
 day and at the same place, that his son Edward Chester, 
 
 * Among the "Nativities" in Ashmole's MSS. in Bodleian Library, pp. i66, 
 176, &c., is one which states that vSir Robert Chester was born 25th November, 
 1 5 10, and died on his birthday, aged 64. 
 
 t Ckitterbuck, s.n., describos her as daughter of Cliristopher Throckmorton 
 of Coorse Court, co. Gloucester, Esq. Ci. Chauncy, s.n.
 
 viii Introduction. 
 
 married Sir James Granado's only daughter and heiress. i.e., 
 father and son married respectively mother and daughter. 
 This took place at Royston on 27th November 1564. The 
 wife of Edward Chester survived her husband and was 
 again married, viz., to Alexander Dyer, Esq. He was 
 admitted to Gray's Inn in 1562, and was subsequently in 
 service as a Colonel in the Low Countries. Besides two 
 daughters {a) Mary, who married an Edward Thornburgh, 
 or Thornborough of Shaddesden, co. Southampton, Esq. 
 {b) Another, who married an Edward Roberts — Edward 
 Chester left a son Robert, who was declared heir to his 
 father by Inquisition post mortem, dated 15th January 
 1578-9, being then aged twelve years, six months and 
 sixteen days, which fixes his birth about the last of June 
 1566. This Robert Chester, I indentify with the author of 
 Loves Martyr. In 1596 Henry Holland dedicated his 
 Christiaji Exercise of Fasiijig to him, in grave and grateful 
 and admiring words.* He was a J. P. for Herts and Sheriff 
 of Herts in 1599. From NiCHOLS' Progresses of King 
 James I, I glean the following slight notice of him : — " His 
 Majestic being past Godmanchester, held on his waye 
 towards Royston ; and drawing neere the Towne, the 
 Shiriffe of Huntingtonshire [Sir John Bedell] humbly tooke 
 his leave ; and there he was received by that worthy Knight 
 Sir Edward Denny, High Shiriffe of Hartfordshire . . . and . . . 
 in brave manner he conducted his Majestic to one Mafher 
 Chester's house, where his Majestic lay that night on his 
 owne Kingly charge."t On this Nichols annotates : — 
 " Though ' Master Chester' was then owner of the Priorv at 
 Royston, and attended on the King at his entrance into 
 the Town, it was more probably at his mansion of Cocken- 
 hatch (in the parish of Barkway, near Royston), that he had 
 the honour of entertaining his Royal Master. A view of 
 this house may be seen in Chauncy, p. I02.";[: The words 
 that the King "lay" at "Master Chester's house" on "his 
 
 * .Sec Postscript A to this Introduction for this golden little Epistle-dedicatory, 
 t Vol. i, pp. 104-5. X Ibid, p. 105.
 
 Introdiiction, ix 
 
 owno Kingly charge" docs not seem to indicate lavish 
 hospitality on the part of the host. But he must have given 
 satisfaction to the King ; for he was knighted along with 
 a shoal of others, at Whitehall, on 23rd July 1603.=*^ '^^^^ 
 exact date of his marriage does not appear ; but his wife 
 was Anne, daughter of Henry Capell, Esq., of Essex, by his 
 wife, the Lady Catherine Manners, daughter of Thomas, 
 first Earl of Rutland. She survived him not quite tv.-o 
 years, residing at Hitchen, Herts.f They had issue at 
 least six sons and six daughters ; and their issue in turn 
 were for a time equally numerous, but the late Mr. Harry 
 Chester (who died in 186S) believed himself the last 
 representative of the race.^ He died on 3rd May 1640. 
 On his death he was possessed of the manor and rectory 
 of Royston, the manors of Nuthamsted, Cockenhatch, 
 Hedley, &c., &c. His Will, dated 3rd May 1638, with 
 codicils, i6th March and 7th April 1640, was proved in the 
 Prerogative Court of Canterbury on 3rd Februaiy 1640-1, 
 by his eldest son and heir, Edward Chester, Esq., whose 
 aga at his father's death was, according to the Inquisition, 
 forty years and upwards. [} 
 
 On these facts I would note — {a) In 1601, when Loves 
 Martyr was published, he was in his thirty-fifth year ; but 
 the phrase in his Epistle-dedicatory to Salisbury, ' my long 
 extected labour^ may carry its composition back some few 
 years at least, {b) Specifically, while long portions were 
 probably written much earlier, the 'Turtle-dove' being 
 Essex and being in Ireland, ascertains date of composition 
 of all referring to ' Paphos He' 1598-9 — the period of 
 Essex's absence, {c) In 161 1 he was in his forty-fifth year, 
 and no longer plain ' Robert Chester,' but Sir Robert Chester 
 
 * Vol. i, p. 218. Doubtless when the King afterwards built himself a residence 
 at Royston there would be frequent intercourse. 
 
 t Her Will is dated I2th and was proved the 26th of March 1642. 
 
 X The chief line of descent of these Chesters was by this Edward, son of our 
 Sir Robert, who was also knighted. The sons entered the various professions. 
 I notice two of them onward. Harry Chester, above mentioned, was son of 
 another Sir Robert Chester, well-remembered as Master of the Ceremonies 
 during the reigns from George III to Victoria, j] See Postscript B for Abstract-
 
 X introduction. 
 
 Knight, and husband of an Earl's daughter Hnkcd to the 
 Sidneys. Is the explanation of the withdrawal of his name 
 from the new title-page of 1611 that his early literary 
 fervours had chilled with his social dignities ? {d) At his 
 death he was in his seventy-fourth year. One longs to know 
 more of a man who in his prime personally acquainted 
 with Shakespeare, Ben Jonson, Chapman, Marston and other 
 of the 'mighties,' survived them all. The "new compositions'* 
 for his own book, drawn from them, especially the fact that 
 it stands alone in having a contribution from Shakespeare, 
 would make any man remarkable. 
 
 {b) Who was Sir John Salisburie.? Loves Martyr 
 is dedicated to him as "To the Honourable, and (of me 
 before all other) honored Knight " and " one of the Esquires 
 of the bodie to the Oueenes most excellent Maiestie" (p. 3), 
 and in the title-jDage of the "diverse Poeticall Effaies" he 
 is designated "the true-noble Knight" (p. 177). Even these 
 slight descriptions guide us to the Salisburys or Salisburies 
 of Lleweni, Denbighshire — long extinct. Dr. Thomas 
 Nicholas, in his Annals and Antiquities of the Counties and 
 County Families of Wales, commences his account of the 
 Salusburys thus: — "The long standing and distinguished 
 alliances of the Salusburys of Lleweni, in the Vale of Clwyd, 
 and the high character borne by several of the line, render 
 them a notable house, and awaken regret at their dis- 
 appearance. The name is spelt differently in early writings — 
 Salusbury, Salesbury, Salsbury ; Dzvnn almost always adopt- 
 ing the phonetic method, spells this name " Salsberie." They 
 were of Lleweni and Machymbyd. At what time they first 
 came to Denbighshire, or how the surname originated, is not 
 known, but it is believed that their origin was Welsh. John 
 Salusbury, the third of the name known to us, was the 
 founder of the Priory of White Friars at Denbigh, and died 
 A.D. 12S9. lie must therefore have witnessed the great 
 struggle of Llewelyn and Edward, which was very hot in 
 those parts. His grandson, William Salusbury, was M.P.
 
 Intj'oduction. xi 
 
 for Leominster 1332, long before members were appointed 
 for "Wales. William's grandson, Sir Harry Salusbury (died 
 circa, 1399), was a Knight of the Sepulchre, and his brother 
 John was Master of the House for Edward HI, and suffered 
 death in 1388." (p. 392.) 
 
 He thus continues : " Sir Harry's grandson, Sir Thomas 
 Salusbury, Knt, the first mentioned in the pedigrees as of 
 Lleiveni, was a man of great note as citizen and soldier. 
 His consort was Jonet, daughter and heir of William 
 Fychan of Caernavon. He took a distinguished part in the 
 battle of Blackheath (1497) against Perkin VVarbeck's 
 insurrection, for which he was rewarded by Henry VH. 
 with the order of knighthood. H^e died 1505, and was 
 buried at the White Friars, Denbigh (Whitchurch). Sir 
 Rosfer, his son, married a Puleston of Emral, and wa3 
 followed by Sir John of Lleweni, who married a Myddleton 
 of Chester, of the Gwaenynog line. He was constable of 
 Denbigh Castle in 1530, and served in several parliaments 
 for the county of Denbigh — died 1578. His son, John 
 Salusbury, Esq., of Lleweni, was the member of this house 
 who married the celebrated Catherine Tudor of Berain ; 
 and his son by Catherine, Thomas Salusbury, Esq., married 
 Margaret, daughter of Morys Wynn, Esq., of Gwyder, but 
 had no male issue ; his second son, John, married Ursula, 
 daughter of Henry Stanley, Earl of Derby, and was suc- 
 ceeded by his son. Sir Henry Salusbury, Bart., who married 
 Hester, daughter of Sir Thomas Myddelton, Knt., of Chirk 
 Castle. His line terminated with his grandson Sir John, 
 whose daughter and sole heir married Sir Robert Cotton, 
 Bart., of Combermere, Cheshire, from whom the Combennae 
 family are derived. Cotton-Hall, named after the Cottons, 
 was the birth-place of the great General Lord Combermere. 
 The Lleweni estate was sold by Sir Robert Cotton to the 
 Hon. Thomas Fitzmaurice" (p. 392). 
 
 Turning back on these names, our Sir John Salisburie 
 was John, second son of John Salusbury — who died in his 
 father Sir John Salusbury's life-time — by (as above)
 
 xii Introduction. 
 
 Catherine Tudor of Berain* He was born "about 1567" 
 
 — a portrait of him having been at Lleweny, dated 1591, 
 set. 24. t He became heir of his brother Thomas, who was 
 executed, in 1586, for conspiring to dehver Mary, Queen of 
 Scots, from imprisonment. His wife was (as above) Ursula, 
 a ' natural ' daughter of Henry, fourth Earl of Derby. The 
 record of administration of her estate, as of the town of 
 Denbigh, is dated 9th May 1636. They had four sons and 
 three daughters. Henry, the eldest and only surviving son, 
 was created a baronet, as of Lleweni, loth November 1619, 
 and died 2nd August 1632. His only surviving son was 
 Sir Thomas Salusbury, author of "Joseph," a poem (1636) 
 
 — who died in 1643.:!: Our Sir John was surnamed "the 
 
 ** Dr. Nicholas, as before, gives an interesting account of this famous 
 *' Catherine"; and I deem it well to avail myself of it, as follows: — "Catherine 
 of Berain," the most noted of her race in this countiy, was of the clan or tribe 
 of Marchwerthian, and was left sole heiress of Berain. She married four hus- 
 bands, each of a high and honourable house, and had such a numerous offspring 
 that the name was given her of Mam Cyinrtt-, "the mother of Wales." Her 
 first husband was John Salisbury, Esq., of Llyweni, and her estate of Berain 
 was inherited by her children gotten by him. The second was Sir Richard 
 Clough of Denbigh, Knt. of the Sepulchre, who made a pilgrimage to the 
 Holy Land; the third, Morys Wynn, Esq., of Gwyder; and the fourth, Edward 
 Thelwall of Plas-y-V^^ard. Catherine of Berain's father was Tudyr ap Robert 
 ap levan ap Tudyr ap Gruffydd Lloyd ap Heilyn Frych, which Heilyn Frych 
 was ninth in descent from Marchwerthian, Lord of Isaled, founder of the 
 eleventh noble tribe." . . . "The portrait of Catherine, given in Yorke's Royal 
 Tribes, marks a person of firmness and intelligence, and these qualities, added 
 to her estate and numerous alliances and offspring, supplied her with a charm 
 which the bardic heralds of the time knew not how to resist ; they spared no 
 pains, accordingly, to provide her with a lineage whose antiquity would com- 
 port with their idea of her merits. Tudyr was carried back to Urien Rheged, 
 and he of course to Coel Godebog, who, although a reputed contemporary with 
 Ilcrod the Great, was vouched by the bards to have a full blown heraldic coat 
 
 — 'Arg. , an eagle displayed with two heads, sable.' Coel was in the twelfth 
 degree from Beli Mawr, King of Britain 72 B.C., who bore, they said, 'Az., 
 three crowns Or in pale'; and he was about the fifteenth from Brutus, who, as 
 the bards believed, came to Britain about B.C. 1136, bearing along with his 
 father Sylvius, an escutcheon charged thus: — 'Quarterly: i. Or, a lion ram- 
 pant passant Gu. ; 2, Az., three crowns Or in bend' ! " (p. 393.) 
 
 t Pennant's Tour m Wale:;, vol. ii, p. 145. 
 
 J The Bibliographers overlook that Sir John Salisbury has a longish j^oem 
 prcfired to Erofiieva, 1632, folio.
 
 Introductioji. xi i i 
 
 stroi\^"; and that explains Hugh Gryffith's playing on 
 'might' — of which anon. He was M.P. for co. Denbigh 
 43 EHzabeth (1600-1). All the authorities say he died in 
 161 3 ; but no Will nor administration of his estate has been 
 found. A shadow of obscurity thus lies on the memory of 
 Chester's " true-noble Knight " — unlifted even from his 
 (exact) death-date. Spelling of names was so arbitrary 
 and variant then, that I should have attached no difficulty 
 to the family-spelling of ' Salusbuiy ' as against ' Salisburie ' 
 of Loves Martyr. As I write this I am called upon to 
 annotate a Sir Stephen Poll — according to one of Nicholas 
 Breton's Epistles-dedicatory — while he really was Sir 
 Stephen Powle, and so is it endlessly. But I am enabled 
 absolutely to identify Sir John Salusbury of Lleweni with 
 Chester's Salisburie. For this is placed beyond dispute by 
 another Epistle-dedicatory addressed to him as — be it 
 noted — {a) of ' Llewen,' {b) as ' Esquier for the Bodie to 
 the Queene's most excellent Maiestie,' as in Chester ; and 
 which, in the sorrowful absence of other information, is of 
 peculiar interest. It is found in the following little volume 
 of Verse, of which only a single exemplar (preserved at 
 Isham) is known : 
 
 "SiNETES 
 Paflions vppon his fortunes, 
 offered for an Incenfe at the 
 flirine of the Ladies which gui- 
 ded his diflempered 
 thoughtes. 
 The Patrons patheticall Po- 
 fies, Sonets, Maddrigals, and 
 Roundelayes. Together with 
 Sinetes Dompe. 
 Plena verecundi culpa pudoris erat. 
 By Robert Parry 
 Gent. 
 At London 
 Printed by T. P. for William 
 Holme, and are to be fould on 
 Ludgate hill at the figne of 
 the holy Lambe, 
 
 1597" (sm. i2mo) 
 
 B 
 
 38
 
 xiv ' Introduction. 
 
 The Epistle-dedicatory shews (i) That being plain 'John 
 Salisburie' in 1597 he must have been knighted between 
 1597 and 1 60 1, (2) That he was of the Queen's household ; 
 and so could well introduce his friend Chester into court. 
 It thus runs ; 
 
 ^ " 7^ tJie right wovjliipfull John 
 
 Salisburie, of Llewen, Esquier, 
 
 for trie Bodie to the Queencs 
 
 mod excellent Maiestie. 
 
 *" ¥ "^Ile Hope of thefe, and glaffe of future times', 
 I O Heros which eu'n enuie itfelfe admir's, 
 
 •*• Vouchfafe to guai'de, & patronize my rimes, 
 My humble rime, which nothing elfe desir's ; 
 But to make knowne the greatnes of thy minde 
 To Honors throne that euer hath been inclyn'd. 
 
 Geue leaue a while vnto my breathing Muse, 
 To pause vpon the accent of her fniarte, 
 From the refpite of this fhort-taken truce. 
 For to recorde the actions of my Harte ; 
 Which vowed hath, to manifell thy worth, 
 That noble fruit es to future age bringes foorth. 
 
 Eu'n thou alone, wliich (Irengthn'ft my repofe. 
 And doefl geue life vnto my dead defire. 
 Which malice daunt'fle, that did thy fame oppofe. 
 Now, with reuiuing hope, my quill infpire : 
 So he may write, and I may glorie finge, 
 That time, in time, may plucke out enui's fJng. 
 
 Renowned Patron, my wayling verfe, 
 To whofe proteifl I flye for friendly ayde, 
 Vouchfafe to heare, while I my woes rehearfc : 
 Then my poore mufe, will neuer be difmaide, 
 I'o countenance the babling Eccho's frowne, 
 That future age may ring of thy renowne. 
 
 I that erc-while with Pan his hindes did piny, 
 And tun'd the note, that befl did pleafe my minde. 
 Content to fmg a flieapheard's Round-delay ; 
 Now by thy might, my Mufe the way did finde, 
 With Madrigals, to flore my homely (lile. 
 Graced with th' applaufe, of thy well graced fmile. 
 
 Eu'n thou I fay, whofe trauaile hope doth veilde, 
 That honours worth, may rcape a due rewarde, 
 Which flyes with natiue plume vnto the ficlde ; 
 Whofe paines deferucs thy cuntreys jufl regarde :
 
 Jiitrodzictioji. xv 
 
 Time cannot daflie, nor emiie blemifh thofe, 
 
 Whom on fam's flrenglh haue built their chiefe repofe. 
 
 Tis only that, which thou mayfl clayme thine owne, 
 Deuouring lime, cannot obfcure the fame, 
 In future age by this thou mayfl be knowne. 
 When as poflerities renue thy fame : 
 Then thou being dead, fhalt lyfe a newe pofTefle, 
 When workes nor wordes, thy worthynes expreffe : 
 Then fiiall my rime a fort of flrength remaine, 
 To fliield the floridi of thy high renowne, 
 That ruin's force may neu'r graces (laine, 
 Which with fame's found fhall through the world bee blowne : 
 Yf that the ocean which includ's our flile. 
 Would paffage graunt out of this noble Ifle. 
 
 For fteling tyme of mufes lovve remaine, 
 Will from the fountaine of her chiefe ccnceyte. 
 Still out the fame, through Lymbecke of my brainCj 
 That glorie takes the honour to repeate : 
 Whofe fubiedl though of royal 1 accents barde. 
 Yet to the fame, vouchfafe thy due rewarde : 
 So (hall my felfe, and Pen, bequeath their toyle, 
 To fing, and write prayes, which it felfe fliall pray fc. 
 Which time with cutting Sithe, Oiall neuer fpoyle. 
 That often worthy Heros fame delayes : 
 And I encouraged by thy applaufe. 
 Shall teach my mufe on higher things to paufe." (pp. 2-4.) 
 
 Robert Parry, Gent, is but a sorry poet ; for, except 
 here and there a touch of passion and a well-turned com- 
 phment, 'Sinetes' is sere and scentless. But it is clear 
 that Salisburie's patronage was highly valued. Besides, an 
 * H. P.' who writes " In prayfe of the Booke " thus speaks 
 of him ; 
 
 ...... "thy worthie patron is thy fort 
 
 Thou needes not flaunne t' approch into ech place. 
 Thy flowring bloome of wit fliall thee report. " 
 
 Still further helpful in identification is another poem in 
 the tiny volume, signed " Hugh Gryffyth, Gent," which is 
 headed " Poffe & nolle nobilc." That by this our Salisburie 
 was intended is confirmed by our Chester's placing the same 
 motto at the head of his Epistle-dedicatory (p. 3), in addi- 
 tion to his name being introduced in the poem itself. I 
 gladly make room for the lines :
 
 xvi Introditclion. 
 
 " A worthie man deferaes a wortliie motte. 
 As badge thereby his nature to declare, 
 Wherefore the fates of purpofe did alot. 
 To this braue Squire, this fimbole fweete and rare: 
 Of might to fpoyle, but yet of mercie fpare, 
 A fimbole fare to Salifberie due by right. 
 Who flill doth ioyne his mercy with his might. 
 Though lyon like his Poffe might take place. 
 Yet like a Lambe he Nolle vfeth aye, 
 Right like himfelfe (the flower of Salifberies race) 
 Who neuer as yet a poore man would difmay : 
 But princockes finde be vf'd to daunt alway: 
 And fo doth flill : whereby is knowen full well 
 His noble minde and manhood to excell. 
 All crauen curres that coms of callrell kinde, 
 Are knowne full well whe they their miglit would flraine. 
 The poore t' oppreffe that would there fauour finde ? 
 Or yeilde himfelfe their freindfliip to attayne: 
 Then feruile fottes triumphes in might a mayne. 
 But fuch as coms from noble lyons race, 
 (Like this braue fquire) who yeeldes receaues to grace. 
 Haud ficta loquor. 
 
 I suppose " Poffe et nolle, nobile " — evidently his motto 
 or impressa — gathers into itself Sir John Salisburie's name 
 of " the strong " as over-against his gentleness = To have 
 the power [strength] to do and yet to be unwilling to do 
 [harm] is noble. It is just Isabella's pleading in Measure 
 for Measure (act ii, sc. 2, 11. 107-9): 
 
 " O, it is excellent 
 
 To haue a giant's strength; but it is tyrannous 
 To ufe it like a giant " 
 
 Nor is this all ' Sinetes ' gives us. For before the ' Posies ' 
 
 — within an arched temple gate-way — is this repetition of 
 
 the principal title-page : 
 
 "The 
 
 Patrone his pa- 
 
 theticai Pofies, 
 
 Sonets, Maddri- 
 
 galls, & Roun- 
 
 delayes. 
 
 Together 
 
 with Sinetes 
 
 Dompe. 
 
 Plena vcrecii 
 
 di culpa pu- 
 
 doris erat "
 
 IntrodiLction. xvii 
 
 This is somewhat ambiguous ; for one is left in doubt 
 whether the 'pathetical Posies, Sonets, Maddrigalls, and 
 Roundelayes ' are Sahsburie's, as his productions, or by gift 
 of Parry. The following are the contents of the division : 
 I. The patrones conceyte; 2. The patrones affection ; 3. The 
 patrones phantafie ; 4. The patrones pauze an ode ; 5. The 
 dittie to Sospiros (2); 6. The patrones Dilemma (2); 7. The 
 Palmers Dittie vppon his Almes ; 8. The Patrones Adieu ; 
 9. Fides in Fortunam (2); 10. My forrow is ioy ; 11. An 
 Almon for a Parrat ; 12. The authors mufe vpon his Con- 
 ceyte; 13. Fides ad fortunam ; Sonnettos 1-31. To Paris 
 darling — Buen matina — Maddrigall — Roundelay — Sinettes 
 Dumpe — Poffe & nolle nobile — The Lamentation of a Male- 
 content, &c. I select from these verses, three, to give a taste of 
 the quality of this other eulogist of our Chester's Salisburie, 
 and because it is just barely possible (though I confess im- 
 probable) that Sir John Salisburie is their author. There 
 are gleams in these selections from 'the Patrone's' division, 
 not in the body of the poems.* 
 
 I. The Patrone's Pauze an Ode. 
 
 Dimpl's florifh, beauties grace. 
 Fortune fmileth in thy face. 
 Eye bewrayeth honours flower, 
 
 • These hitherto utterly unknown and unused ' poems ' fonn part of that 
 Uicky find of my friend Mr. C. Edmonds at Isham. But he had no idea 
 whatever of their bearing on Lovers Martyr. I am indebted to Sir C. Isham of 
 Lamport Hall for a leisurely loan of this, as of other of his book-treasures. 
 Note that I have silently corrected two or three slight misprints and punctuations, 
 as ' Whose ' for ' Who,' &c. With reference to the possible Saliisburie author- 
 ship of the most of the second division of the small volume, perhaps II. 37-40 
 'a the Epistle-dedicatory, were meant to refer to his Verses — thus: 
 '* Tis only that, which thou mayfl clayme thine owne, 
 Deuouring time, cannot obfcure the fame. 
 In future age by this thou mayfl be knowne, 
 Wlien as pofterilies renue thy fame, &c." 
 Then the phrase in the title, 'The Patrone his pathetical Pofies,' &c., and 
 especially its interposition between 'Sinete's Dompe,' makes one hesitate in 
 rejecting the Salisburie authorship. It does not add to the belief that these 
 Verses are by the Patron that t)ie lady addressed seems to be one 'of honour' 
 or ' high rank '; for Parry himself was a ' Gentleman ' as he tells us in his title- 
 page.
 
 xviii Introductioii. 
 
 Loue is norifd in tliy bower. 
 In tliy bended brow dcth lye, 
 Zeale impreft with chaftitie. 
 
 Loue's darling deere, 
 O pale lippes of coral hue. 
 Rarer die then cheries newe, 
 Arkes where reafon cannot trie, 
 Beauties riches which doth lye, 
 Entomb'd in that fayrefl frame, 
 Touch of breath perfumes the fame. 
 
 O ruble cleere. 
 Ripe Adon fled Venvs bower, 
 Ayming at thy fvveetefi flower. 
 Her ardent loue forft the fame. 
 Wonted agents of his flame : 
 Orbe to whofe enflamed fier, 
 Loue incenf'd him to afpire. 
 
 Hope of our time. 
 Oriad's of the hills drawe neere, 
 Nayad's come before your peere : 
 Flower of nature fliining flioes, 
 Riper then the falling ro.e, 
 Entermingled with white flower , 
 Stayn'd with vennilion's power. 
 
 Nefl'ld in our clime. 
 Tlie filuer fwann fing in Poe, 
 Silent notes of new-fpronge woe. 
 Tuned notes of cares I fmg, 
 Organ of the mufes fpringe, 
 Nature's pride inforceth me, 
 Eu'n to rue my deftinie. 
 
 Starre fliew thy niiglit. 
 Helen's beautie is defac'd, 
 lo's graces are difgrac'd. 
 Reaching not the twentilh part. 
 Of thy gloafes true defart, 
 But no maruaile thou alone, 
 Eu'n art Venus paragone. 
 
 Arm'd with delight 
 Iris coulors are to[o] bafe. 
 She would make Apelles gaze, 
 Refliing by the filuer ftreame, 
 Toffing nature feame by feame. 
 Pointing at the chriftall skic. 
 Arguing her maicfl.ie.
 
 J nU'odiiction. xix 
 
 II. Loues rampire flronge. 
 
 Ilayic of Amber, frefli of hue, 
 Wau'd with goulden W3'crs newc, 
 Riches of the finefl mould, 
 Rarefl glorie to behould, 
 Ympe with natures vertue graft. 
 Engines newe for dolors frauglit, ; 
 
 Eu'n there as fpronge. 
 A Tern fram'd with Diamounds, 
 In whofe voice true concord founds, 
 loy to all that ken thy fmile, 
 In thee doth vertue fame beguile. 
 In whofe beautie burneth iicr, 
 Which difgraceth Queene defier : 
 
 Saunce all compare. 
 Loue it felfe being brought to gaze, 
 Learnes to treade the louers maze : 
 Lying vncouer'd in thy looke, 
 Left for to unclafpe the Booke : 
 Where enroul'd thy fame remaines. 
 That luno's blufli of glory Haines : 
 
 Blot out my care. 
 Spheare containing all in all. 
 Only fram'd to make men thrall : 
 Onix deck"d with honor's worth, 
 On whofe beautie bringeth foorth ; 
 Smiles ou'r-clouded with difdaine, 
 Which loyall hearts doth paine : 
 
 Voyde of difgrace. 
 Avrora's blufli that decks thy fmile, 
 Wayting lovere to beguile : 
 Where curious thoughts built the nefl. 
 Which neu'r yeilds to loner's rcfl : 
 Wafling ftill the yeilding eye, 
 Whilfl he doth the beautie fpie. 
 
 Read in her face. 
 Lampe enrich'd with honours flower, 
 Bloffome gracing Venus bower : 
 Bearing plumes of feathers white, 
 Wherein Turtles doe dclighte, 
 Senfe, would feeme to weake to faide, 
 Reafon's depth in modefl minde : 
 
 Yeilding defire. 
 Lode-flarre of my happie choyfe, 
 In thee alone I doe reic>yce :
 
 XX Introdtiction. 
 
 O happie man whofe hap is fuch, 
 To be made happie by tliy tutch : 
 Thy worth and wortliynes could moue, 
 The ftouteft to incline to loue. 
 Enflam'd with fier. 
 
 III. Pofie xi. 
 An Almon for a Parrat. 
 Difdainfnll dames that mountaines moue in thought, 
 
 And ihinke they may louves thunder-bolt controule, 
 
 Who pall compare ech one doe fet at naught, 
 With fqueamifh fcorn's that no we in rethoriclc roule : 
 Yer fcorne that will be fcorn'd of proude difdaine, 
 I fcorne to beare the fconies of finefl braine. 
 
 Geflures, nor lookes of fimpring coy conceyts, 
 Shall make me moue for flately ladies' mocks : 
 
 Then Sirens ceafe to trap with your deceyts, 
 Leafl that your barkes meete vnexpected rocks : 
 
 For calmefl ebbe may yelld the rougheft tide, 
 
 And change of time, may change in time your pride. 
 Leaue to conuerfe if needes you mufl inuay, 
 
 Let meaner fort feede on their meane entent, 
 And foare on ftill, the larke it fled awaye, 
 
 Some one in time will pay what you have lent, 
 Poore hungrie gnates faile not on wormes to feede, 
 When gofhawkes miffe on hoped pray to fpeede. (pp. 18-20.) 
 
 I add just one other snatch : — 
 
 Buen matina. 
 Sweete at this mourne I chaunced 
 
 To peepe into the chamber ; loe I glaunced : 
 And fawe white fheetes, thy whyter skinne difclofing : 
 And fofte-fweete cheeke on pyllowe fofte repofmg ; 
 
 Then fayde were I that pillowe, 
 Deere for thy love I would not weare the willowe. 
 
 As with Sir Robert Chester himself, it is to be 
 lamented that no personal details have come down to us 
 concerning Sir John Salisburie. It demands infinitely 
 more than rank and transient influence to keep a name 
 quick across the centuries. How pathetically soon the small 
 dust of oblivion settles down — not to be blown off — on 
 once noisy and noised lives! So is it — spite of Chester 
 and Parry and Gryffyth — with our ' true-noble-knight.'
 
 Introduction. xxi 
 
 One little after-link between a Salisbury and a Chester I 
 like to regard as going toward the identification of our 
 Chester along with Sir John Salisbury of Lleweni. It is this — 
 Our Sir Robert Chester, having two sons in the church, viz., 
 Dr. Granado Chester, Rector of Broadwater, co. Sussex, and 
 Dr. Robert Chester, Rector of Stevenage ; it is found that 
 tlic former was in the gift of Sir Robert Salusbury of Llan- 
 M^hern, Monmouthshire, Baronet, of the same house. One 
 is willing to think that the ancient family friendship between 
 the two houses led to this ' presentation ' to a son of Sir 
 John Salisburie's friend by a Salisbury. It is likewise to be 
 recalled that the Chesters of Derbyshire — as we have seen — 
 would be brought into relation with the Salisburys by their 
 common opposition in the field to Perkin Warbcck, and in 
 support of Henry VII. 
 
 if) Who were meant by the 'Phgenix' and the 
 * Turtle-dove ' of these Poems .? Turning to the 
 original title-page, we find that immediately succeeding 
 the large-type words : 
 
 LOVES ^MARTYR: 
 
 ROSALINS COMPLAINT." 
 
 are these other : 
 
 ''AUegorically fJiadowing the truth of Lone, 
 
 in the conftant Fate of the Phoenix 
 
 ana Turtle !' 
 
 Then below is this further or supplementary explanation : 
 
 " J'o these are added some neiv compositions, of seiierall f/wderne Writers 
 
 whose tiaiiics are subscribed to their seuerall workes, vpon the 
 
 first fubic^: viz. the Phoenix and 
 
 Turtle." 
 
 a
 
 xxii Introduction. 
 
 Looking next at " The Authors request to the Phoenix " 
 
 — which, as it is annexed to the Epistle-dedicatory to Sir 
 John SaHsburie, ^ one of the Esquires of the bodie to tJie 
 Queenes uiofi excellent Maicflie', so it is in itself a second 
 dedication, though not so designated — I ask the student- 
 reader to weigh the compliments in these Lines, and 
 especially these : 
 
 " Phoenix of beautie, beauteous Bird of any " 
 ** That feedft all earthly fences with thy fauor " 
 "thy perfecflions paffing beautie" 
 
 I ask also that it be noted how the ' allegory ' of the birds 
 
 — as Phoenix and Turtle-dove — is incidentally, though not 
 I think accidentally, dropped even thus early, and two 
 things indicated {a) That the Author's poems in so far as 
 she, the ' Phoenix,' was concerned, sang the " home-writ 
 praises " of her ' love ' : 
 
 "Accept my home-writ praifes of thy loue " 
 
 {b) That he was not pleading for himself but another, viz., 
 her ' loue 'or him whom she loved. He seeks that she v>^ill 
 accept these " home-writ praises " and her ' kind accept- 
 ance' of him (the 'loue' of the prior line) 
 
 "kind acceptance of thy Turtle-doue" 
 
 Thus far the 'home-writ praises' are comparatively in "a 
 lowly flight" (p. 6); but in the Poems-proper all is exagger- 
 ate and hyperbolical. As pointed out in the Notes and 
 YWw'sX.xdXxows frequenter, it very soon appears that the 'Phoenix' 
 is a person and a woman, and the 'Turtle-doue' a person 
 and a male, and that while, as the title-page puts it, the 
 poet is " Allegorically shadowing the truth of Love," it is a 
 genuine story of human love and martyrdom {Love's Martyr). 
 It further veiy evidently appears — as also shewn in the Notes 
 and Illustrations (p. I7,st.2)that the 'Phoenix' was not woman 
 merely, but a queen, and queen of ' Brytaine ' (st. 3, 1. 4). In 
 short, no one at all acquainted with what was the mode of 
 speaking of Queen Elizabeth to the very last, will hesitate
 
 Intyoditction. xxiii 
 
 in recosrnizinG!: her as the 'Rosalin' and 'Phoenix' of Robert 
 Chester, and the " moderne writers," of this book. Let the 
 reader keep eye and ear and memory alert, and he will {meo 
 hidicio) find throughout, that in Loves Martyr and the 
 related poems, he is listening to the every-day language ot 
 the Panegyrists of the 'great Queen.' That is to say, apart 
 from theories, he will see that all the epithets, and much of 
 the description pointed, and could point alone, to Elizabeth. 
 Her ' beauty' and her kind of beauty, "beauty that excelled 
 all beauty on earth" — her 'princely eyes,' her 'majestical' 
 appearance, her palms kissed like a saint's, her chastity — 
 over and over celebrated — her 'deep counsels,' her fond- 
 ness for and skill in music, her gift of poetry, her 
 eloquence, the "sweet accents of her tongue," her being a 
 ' Phoenix,' ' Earth's beauteous Phoenix ' (p. 9), and a Phoenix 
 a prey to the want of a successor — all inevitably make us 
 think of Elizabeth, and none other possible. Let any one 
 who may hesitate, take NiCHOLS' ^Progresses of Elizabeth* 
 and study the addresses in verse and prose or the incense 01 
 flattery of the ' Devices * and similar entertainments of her 
 nobles. It will surprize me if he hesitate longer. There is 
 this also to be remembered, that so peculiar, so fantastically 
 unique, was Elizabeth's position, that no one — with his 
 fortune to make — would have dared to write thus hyper- 
 bolically of any woman on English ground while Elizabeth 
 was alive, he thereby putting Elizabeth in the back-ground, 
 and infinitely below her. Even Sir Walter Raleigh in 1602, 
 i.e., subsequent to the date of Love's Martyr, thus closes a 
 letter to her Majesty: "And so most humblie imbracing 
 and admiringe the memory of tJios celestial beivtyes, which 
 with the people is denied mee to revew, I pray God your 
 IMajestie may be eternall in joyes and happincs. Your 
 Majesty's most humble slaue."-{* 
 
 * 2 vols., 4to. See Postscript to this Introduction, C, for quotations from 
 Nichols. Even Sidney — whose fortune k'^j made — did not publish 'Astro- 
 phel and Stella.' Besides, it differs toto ccelo. 
 
 t Edwards' Z?/^ ^ A> Walter Ralegh, vol. ii, p. 260 (2 vols., 8vo, 1S68, 
 Macmillan. )
 
 xxiv Introdticiion. 
 
 By my Notes and Illustrations I put it in the power of 
 anyone to confirm (or to confute if he may) this interpreta- 
 tion of the ' Phoenix ' as intended for Elizabeth. I am not 
 aware that anyone has ever so much as hinted at the 
 interpretation ; but neither do I know that any one before 
 has read or studied the extremely rare book. The excep- 
 tional interest of the " new compositions " by Shakespeare, 
 Ben Jonson, Chapman, Marston, and others, seems to have 
 over-shadowed the larger portion, and thereby, likewise, left 
 these " new compositions " without a key.* 
 
 This internal evidence, from Loves Martyr, as to 
 Elizabeth having been meant by the ' Phoenix ' is equally 
 established by external. That is to say, another contem- 
 porary Poet — and only supercilious ignorance will deny 
 the name to the author of The Tragedie of Shores Wife, were 
 there no more — THOMAS CHURCHYARD — the ' Old 
 
 * I must state that, having communicated my interpretation of the ' Phcenix ' 
 and ' Turtle-dove ' to my dear friend and fellow-worker in Elizabethan-Jacobean 
 literature, Dr. Brinsley Nicholson of London, I was more than gratified to learn 
 that, on reading the proof-sheets of Lovers Martyr (which he had never been for- 
 tunate enough to see previously) he had come to the same conclusions. Thus 
 wrought-out in absolute independence, the conclusions themselves may, perhaps, 
 be deemed all the more probable. I must add, that I have had the very great 
 advantage of Dr. Nicholson's reading of the entire proof-sheets of the text and of 
 my Notes and Illustrations. Nothing could exceed the enthusiasm and insight of 
 my richly-furnished friend, whose restored health we are all rejoicing over. As 
 I wiite this a letter reaches me from Dr. Nicholson with additional illustrations 
 and confirmations of the 'Phoenix' being Elizabeth — as follows: 
 
 "In reading Henry Peacham, M.A., Vxi, JMinerva Britamtia or Garden of 
 Heroicall Ddvices, 1612, a series of pictorial Impresas or Emblems, with verses 
 in English and Latin, glorifying James and his family and the chief men of rank 
 and note in England, I came across a passage which seems to shew that 
 Elizabeth had adopted the Phoenix as ' her own ' Emblem. At the conclusion 
 he has a poetic vision in which Minerva Britannia, as I suppose, shows him a 
 hall filled with their Impresas and Emblems limned on the shields of renowned 
 Englishmen, both kings and peers; and having enumerated some he coutiaues : 
 
 * Willi otlier numberleffe befide. 
 That to haue feene each one's deuife, 
 How liuely limn'd, how well appli'de
 
 Introdttction. xxv 
 
 Palaemon ' of Spenser's Colin C/out ^had explicitly cele- 
 brated Elizabeth, years before (1593), as the 'Phoenix.' 
 His 'Churchyard's Challenge' is so very rare and unknown, 
 that I think it well to reproduce here his celebrations ; for 
 as I take it, it makes what was before certain certainty 
 itself. 
 
 The Poems I refer to are these : {a) A fewe plaine verfes 
 of truth againft the flaterie of time, made when the Queens 
 Maieftie was lafl: at Oxenford ; (/;) A difcourfe of the only 
 Phoenix of the worlde ; {c) A praife of that Phenix ; (<'/) A 
 difcourfe of the ioy good subie6ls haue when they fee out 
 Phenix abroad ; {e) This is taken out of Belleaux made of 
 his own Miftreffe. The whole of these follow. I prefix the 
 Epistle-dedicatory of the entire volume, because in it the 
 ' Oueenes Maieftie,' as being the ' Phoenix,' is again 
 designated. 
 
 You were the while in Paradife: 
 Another fide fhe did ordaine 
 To fome late dead, feme lining yet, 
 Who feru'd Eliza in her raij^ne, 
 And worthily had honour'd it. 
 
 Where turning trill I fpide aboue. 
 Her own dear Phoenix hovering. 
 Whereat me thought in melting Loue, 
 '~ Apace with teares mine eies did fpriag ; 
 
 But Foole, while I aloft did looke, 
 For her that was to Heauen flowne. 
 This goodly place, my fight forfooke. 
 And on the fiiddaine all was gone.' 
 
 It is worth adding, that in the body of the book, Peacham gives the PhcEnix to 
 Cecil." It may be recalled here that Shakespeare put the 'emblem' of the 
 •Phoenix' mto Cranmer's mouth at the baptism of Elizabeth — as thus: 
 
 ♦' Nor shall this peace sleep with her; but, as when 
 The bird of wonder dies, the maiden phoenix, 
 Her ashes new create another heir 
 As great in admiration as herself. 
 So shall she leave her blessedness to one." 
 
 {Henry VIII, act v, so. £, 11. 39-43) 
 Cf also my edition of Sylvester, p. 5, for kindred prefatory compliment.
 
 xxvi Inti'oduction. 
 
 r. The Epiftle-dedicatory of " Churchyards Challenge." (1593.) 
 
 To the right worfl-iipfull the Ladie 
 Anderfon, wife to the right honorable 
 
 M 
 
 Lord chiefe luflice of the common 
 Pleas. 
 Y boldnes being much, mciy paffe the bounds 
 of duty, but the goodnes of your honouralile 
 husband (good Madame) paffelh fo farre the 
 commendacioii of my pcnne, that vnder his 
 iudgement and fhield (that is fo iufl a ludge) I make a 
 fauegard to this my prefumption, that hazardeth where 
 I am vnknowen to prefent any peece of Poetrie or mat- 
 ter of great effedl, yet aduenturing by fortune, to giue 
 my Lady your fifter fomewhat in the honour of tlie 
 Queenes Maieftie, in the excellencie of her woorthy 
 praife that neuer can decay ; I haue tranflated some ver- 
 fes out of French, that a Poet feemed to write of his 
 owne miflreffe, which verfes are fo apt for the honou- 
 ring of the Phenix of our worlde, that I cannot hide 
 them from the fight of the worthy, nor dare commit fo 
 groffe a fault as to let them die with my felfe : wherfore 
 and in way of your fauour in publifliing thefe verfes, I 
 dedicate them to your good Ladifliippe, though not fo 
 well penned as the firfl Authour did polifh them, yet in 
 the beft manner my mufe can affoorde, they are plainly 
 expreffed, hoping they shalbe as well taken as they 
 are ment, fo the bleffed and great ludge of 
 all daily bleffe you. 
 
 II. A few plaine verfes of truth againfl the flaterie of time, made 
 when the Queens Maieflie was lafl at Oxenfoid.* 
 
 Sllh filent Poets all, 
 that praife your Ladies fo : 
 My Phenix makes their plumes to fall, 
 
 that would like Peacockes goe. 
 Some doe their Princes praife, 
 
 and Synthia fome doe like : 
 And fome their Miftreffe honour raife. 
 
 As high as Souldiers pike. 
 Come downe yce doe prefmount, [j?V] 
 
 the warning bel it founds : 
 
 * In the Contents it is entitled "A difcourfe of the only Phenix of the worlde.' 
 Lady Anderson, supra, was Magdalen, d. of Christopher Smyth, of Annal;ks. 
 CO. Herts.
 
 Introdtictioii. xxvli 
 
 That cals you Poets to account, 
 for breaking of your bounds. 
 In giuing fame to thofe, 
 
 faire flowers that foone doth fade : 
 And clcane forget the white red rofe, 
 
 that God a Phenix made. 
 Your Ladies alfo doe decline, 
 
 like Stars in darkfome night : 
 "When Phenix dolh hke Phuebus rtiine, 
 
 and leands the world great light. 
 You paint to pleafe defire, 
 
 your Dame in colours gay : 
 As though braue words, or trim attire, 
 
 could grace a clod of clay. 
 My Phenix needs not any art, 
 
 of Poets painting quil : 
 She is her felfe in euerie part, 
 
 fo fliapte by kindly fliil. 
 That nature cannot wel amend: 
 
 and to that fliape mod rare, 
 The Gods fuch fpeciall grace doth fend, 
 
 that is without compare. 
 The heauens did agree, 
 by conflellations plaine : 
 That for her vertue fhee fliould bee the only queene to raigne, 
 (In her moft happie dales) and carries cleane awaie : 
 The tip and top of peerleffe prayfe, if all the world fay nay, 
 Looke not that I fliould name, her vertue in their place. 
 But looke on her true well-won fame, that anfwers forme & face. 
 And therein fliall you read, a world of matter now. 
 That round about the world doth fpread her heauenly graces throw. 
 The feas (where cannons rore) hath yeilded her her right, 
 And fent fuch newes vnto the fliore, of enemies foile and flight. 
 That all the world doth found, the glorie Phenix gote 
 Whereof an eccho doth rebound, in fuch a tune and note, 
 (That none alive fliall reatch) of Phenix honor great. 
 Which fhall the poets mufes teach, how they of her fliold treat, 
 O then with verfes fweete, if Poets haue good fl;ore, 
 Fling down your pen, at Phenix feet, & praife your nimphcs no more. 
 Packe hence, flie comes in place, a flately Royall Quccne : 
 That takes away your Ladies grace, as foone as flie is fcenc. 
 
 FINIS.
 
 xxviii Introductiof 
 
 III. A praife of that Phenix.* 
 
 Verfes of value, if Vertue bee feene, 
 Made of a Phenix, a King, and a Queene. 
 
 My Phenix once, was wont to mount the Ikies, 
 To fee how birdes, of bafer feathers flew : 
 Then did her Port and prefence pleafe our eies : 
 Whofe abfence now, breeds nought but fancies new. 
 The Phenix want, our court, and Realme may rue. 
 Thus fight of her, fuch welcome gladnes brmgs. 
 That world ioeis much, whe Phenix claps her wings. 
 
 And flies abroad, to take the open aire. 
 
 In royall fort, as bird of (lately kinde : 
 
 Who hates foul florms ; and loues mild weather fair. 
 
 And by great force, can lore the bloftring wind, '=^lcnf:r 
 
 To fliew the grace, and greatnes of the minde. 
 
 My Phenix hath, that vertue growing greene. 
 
 When that abroad, her gracious face is feene. 
 
 Let neither feare of plagues, nor wils of men, 
 Keepe Phenix clofe, that ought to Hue in light : 
 Of open world, for abfence wrongs vs then, 
 To take from world, the Lampe that giues vs light, 
 O God forbid, our day were turnde to night, 
 And fliining Sunne, in clowds fliould flirowded be, 
 Whofe golden rayes, the world defires to fee. 
 
 The Dolphin daunts, each fifli that fwims the Seas, 
 The Lion feares, the greatefl; beafl that goes : 
 The Bees in Hive, are glad theyr King to pleafe. 
 And to their Lord, each thing their duety knowes. 
 But firfl: the King, his Princely prefence fiiowes. 
 Then fubiects floopes, and proftrate fals on face, 
 Or bowes down head, to giue their maifter place. 
 
 The funne hath powre, to comfort flowrs and gras, 
 
 And purge the aire, of foule infedlions all : 
 
 Makes ech thing pure, wher his clear beams do paffe, 
 
 Draws vp the dew, that mifts and fogs lets fall : 
 
 My Phenix hath, a greater gift at call. 
 
 For vaffalls all, a view of her doe crane, 
 
 Becaufe thereby, great hope and hap we haue. 
 
 • I take this heading from the 'Contents,' — there is added, "and verfes 
 tranflated out of French." Throughout these poems of Churchyard there are 
 various instances of verb singular after nominative plural.
 
 Introdztciioji. xxix 
 
 Good turnes it brings, and fuitcrs plaints are heard, 
 The poore are pleafde, the rich fome purcliafc gains. 
 The wicked blufli : the worthy wins reward, 
 The feruant findes a meanes to quit his paines : 
 The wronged man, by licr fome right attaines. 
 Thus euery one, that help and fuccour needes. 
 In hard diftreffe, on Fhenix fauour feedes. 
 
 But from our view, if world doe Phenix keepe. 
 Both Sunne, and Moone, and flars we bid farewell. 
 The heauens mourne, the earth will waile and weep. 
 The heauy heart, it feeles the paines of Hell, 
 Woe be to thofe, that in defpaire doe dwell. 
 Was neuer plague nor pefllence like to this, 
 When foules of men haue lofl fuch lieauenly bliffe. 
 
 Now futers all, you may fhoote vp your plaints 
 Your Goddes now, is lockt in (hrine full fad : 
 You may perhaps, yet pray vnto her Saints. 
 Whose eares are flopt, and hearing fure is paft, 
 Now in the fire, you may fuch Idols caft. 
 They cannot helpe, like flockes and flones they bee. 
 That haue no life, nor cannot heare nor fee. 
 
 Till that at large, our royall Phenix comes, 
 Packe hence poore men, or picke your fingers endes, 
 Or blow your nailes, or gnaw and bite your thombs, 
 Till God aboue, fome better fortune fends. 
 Who here abides, till this bad world emends. 
 May doe full well, as tides doe ebbe and flow. 
 So fortune turnes, and haps doe come and goe. 
 
 The bodies ioy, and all the ioints it beares, 
 Lies in the head, that may commaund the reft : 
 Let head but ake, the heart is full of feares. 
 And armes acroffe, we clap on troubled breft : 
 With heauy thoughts, the mind is fo oppreft, 
 That neather legs, nor feete haue will to goe, 
 As man himfelfe, were cleane orecome with woe. 
 
 The head is it, that ftlll preferues the fence. 
 And feekes to faue, each member from difeafe : 
 Devife of head, is bodies whole defence, 
 The flvill whereof, no part dare well difpleafe : 
 For as the Moone moues vp the mighty Seas, 
 So head doth guide the body when it will. 
 And rules the man, by wit and reafons flcill.
 
 XXX Introduction. 
 
 But how fliould head, indeede doe all this j^ocd, 
 "When at our neede, no vfe of head we haue : 
 The head is felt, is feene and vnderflood. 
 Then from difgrace, it will the body faue, 
 And otherwife, fick man drops downe in graue. 
 For when no helpe, nor vfe of head we finde. 
 The feete fals lame, and gazing eies grow blinde. 
 
 The lims wax fliffe, for want of vfe and aide. 
 The bones due dry, their marrow waste away : 
 The heart is dead, the body Hues afraide. 
 The fmnowes (hrinke, the bloud doth ftill decay % 
 So long as world, doth want the Star of day, 
 So long darke night, we (hall be fure of heere, ; 
 For clowdy ikies, I feare will neuer cleere. 
 
 God fend fome helpe, to falue fick poore mens fores, 
 A boxe of baulme, would heale our woundes vp quite : 
 That precious oyle, v.'ould eate out rotten cores. 
 And giue great health, and man his whole deliglite, 
 God fend fome funne, in frostie morn'ng white. 
 That cakes of yce may melt by gentle thaw. 
 And at well-head wee may fome water drawe. 
 
 A Riddle. 
 Wee wifli, wee want, yet haue what we defire : 
 We freefe, wee burne, and yet kept from the fire. 
 FINIS. 
 
 IV. A difcourfe of the ioy good fubie6ls haue when they fee our 
 
 Phenix abroad."'^ 
 
 This is to be red fine tvaies. 
 
 IN hat a fauoiir worne, a bird of gold in Britaine land. 
 In loyall heart is borne, yet doth on head like Phenix ftr.nd. 
 
 To fet my Phenix forth, whofe vertues may the al furmout. 
 
 An orient pearle more worth, in value, price & good account. 
 
 The gold or precious flone, what tong or verfe dare her diflain, 
 A peerelelTe paragon, in whom fuch gladfome gifts remaine. 
 Whofe feemly fiiape is wroght as out of wax wer made y^ mold 
 F.y fine deuiie of thought, like flirined Saint in beaten gold : 
 Dame Nature did difdaine, and thought great fcorn in any fort. 
 To make the like againe, that fliould deferue fuch rare report. 
 Tlicr ncedes no Poets pen, nor painters pencel, come in pbce, 
 
 • This heading is from the ' Contents.'
 
 Jntrodttction. xxxi 
 
 Nor flatring frafe of men, whofe filed fpech giiies ech thing grace, 
 To praife this worthy dame, a Nimph which Dian holds full dier 
 That in fuch perfect frame, as mirror bright Si. chriflal cleer 
 Is fet out to our view, threefold as faire as shining Sunne, 
 P'or beauty grace and hue, a worke that hath great glory won, 
 A Goddes dropt from fky, for caufes more than men may know, 
 To pleafe both minde & eie for thole that dwels on earth below, 
 And fhew what heauenly grace, and noble fecret power diuine 
 Is feene in Princely face, that kind hath formd & framd fo fine. 
 For this is all I write, of facred Phenix ten times blefl, 
 To fhew mine own delite, as fancies humor thinketh bclL 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 V. This is taken out of Bellean made of his own 
 
 Miflreffe.* 
 
 Sad sighes doth fliew, the heat of heartes defire. 
 And forrow fpeakes, by fignes of heauie eyes : 
 So if hot flames, proceed from holly fire. 
 And loue may not, from vicious fancies eyes 
 In tarrying time, and fauour of the fl<ies, 
 My only good, and greatefl hap doth lie : 
 In her that doth, all tond delight difpies : 
 Than turne to mee, fad fighes I fiiall not dye. 
 
 If that bee fliee, who hath fo much mee bound. 
 And makes me hers, as I were not mine owne : 
 She mofl to praife, that male aliue be founde. 
 Mod great and good, and gracious tlirougly knowne. 
 Shee all my hope, in briete yea more than mine, 
 (That quickly maie, bring life by looke of eye) 
 Than come chaefl fighes, a close record diuine, 
 Returne to mee, and I fliall neuer dye. 
 
 If from young yeares, fhec gainde the garland gaye. 
 
 And wan the price, of all good giftes of grace : =piise 
 
 If princely port, doe vertuous minde be wraie. 
 
 And royal 1 power, be found by noble face, 
 
 If fliee bee borne, moft happie graue and wife, 
 
 A Sibill fage, fent downe from heauens hie, 
 
 O fmothring fightes, that faine would clofe mine eyes, 
 
 Returne to mee, fo lliall I neuer die. 
 
 * While this piece has nothing of the ' Phn:nix ' in it, it is equally good for 
 our purpose, as shewing how Elizabeth was addressed (as in Cheste;) by the 
 titles of 'Sun,' &c.
 
 xxxii Introduction. 
 
 If moft vpriglit, and faire of fomie fhee bee, 
 That may beare life, and fweeteft manner fliowes, 
 Loues God, good men, and Countries wealth doth fee, 
 A queene of kinges, all Chriflian princes knowes. 
 So iuftly Hues, that each man hath his owne. 
 Sets flraight each flate, that elfe would goe awrie : 
 ^Yhereby her fame, abroad the world is blowne. 
 Then feace fad fighes, fo fliall I neaer die. 
 
 If fliee the heart of Alexander haue. 
 The (liarpe efprite, and hap of Haniball, 
 The conftant mind, that Gods to Scipio gaue. 
 And Casfars grace, whofe triumphs paffed all, 
 If in her thought, do dwell the iudgement great. 
 Of all that raignes, and rales from earth to (kie : 
 (And fits this houre, in throne and regall feate). 
 Come fighes againe, your maifter cannot die. 
 
 If flie be found, to taft the pearcing ayr. 
 
 In heate, in colde, in froft, in fnowe and rayne s 
 
 As diamond, that fhines fo paffmg faire. 
 
 That funne nor moone, nor weather cannot ftaine: 
 
 If blafles of winde, and (lormes to beautie yelde. 
 
 And this well fpringe, makes other fountaines drye^ 
 
 (Turnes tides and floodes, to water baraine ieeld,) 
 
 Come fighes then home, I liue and cannot die. 
 
 If her great giftes, doth daunt dame fortunes might. 
 And flie haue caught the hayres and head of hap : 
 To others hard, to her a matter light. 
 To mount the cloudes, and fall in honours lap. 
 If fhee her felfe, and others conquers too, 
 Liues long in peace, and yet doth warre defie : 
 As valiaunt kinges, and vertuous victors doe. 
 Then fighe no more, o heart I cannot die. 
 
 If fuch a prince, abafe her h'ghneffe than, 
 
 For some good tiling, the world may geffe in mee % 
 
 And floupes fo low, too like a fillie man. 
 
 That little knowes, what Princes grace may bee. 
 
 If (liee well waic, my faith and feruice true. 
 
 And is the iudge, and toutch that gold fliall trie { 
 
 That colour cleere, that neuer changeth hue. 
 
 Heart figh no more, I liue and may not die. 
 
 If I doe vfe, her fauour for my weale, 
 Ey rcafon off, her gracious countenance flill : 
 And from the funne, a little light I flcale. 
 To keepe the life, in lampe to burnc at will.
 
 Int7'oduction. xxxiii 
 
 If robberie thus, a true man may commit. 
 Both I and mine, vnto her merits flic : 
 If I prefume, it fpringcs for want of wit, 
 Excufe me than, fad figlies or elfe I die. 
 
 If flice do know, her fliape in heart I bcare, 
 
 Engraude in brcafl, her gi-ace and figure is, 
 
 Yea day and night, I thinkc and dreame each wheri^ 
 
 On nothing elfe, but on that heaucnly bliffe. 
 
 If fo transformdc, my mind and body liucs. 
 
 But not confumde, nor finde no caufe to cry, 
 
 And waite on her, that helpe and comfort giues , 
 
 Than come poore fighes, your maifler shall not diei 
 
 If file behold, that here I widi no breath, 
 But liue all hers, in thought and word and de'ede t 
 Whofe fauour lofl, I crane but pi-efent death, 
 Whofe grace attaind, lean foule full fat ftiall feedg;. 
 If any caufe, do keepe her from my fight, 
 I know no world, my felf I fliall deny. 
 But if her torch, doe lend my candle light, 
 Heart figh no more, the body doth not die. 
 
 But if by death, or fome difgrace of mine 
 Through enuies fling, or falfe report of foes, 
 My view be bard, from that fweete face diuine, 
 Beleeue for troth, to death her feruant goes. 
 And rather fure, than I fliould ill conceiue : 
 Sighes mount to fkies, you know the caufe and wji^ 
 How here below, my lufty life I leaue. 
 Attend me there, for wounded heart mufl die. 
 
 If fhee beleeue, without her prefence here, 
 That anything, may now content my minde : 
 Or thinke in world, is fparke of gladfome cheere. 
 Where fliee is not, nor I her prefence finde : 
 But all the ioys, that man imagine may, 
 As handmaides wayt, on her heere vnder fliy. 
 Then fighes mount vp, to heauens hold your way, 
 And flay me there, for I of force mufl die. 
 
 If I may feare, that fragill beauty light. 
 Or femblance faire, is to be doubted fore : 
 Or my valne youth, may turn with fancies might 
 Or fighes full falles fains griefe or torment more, 
 Than heart doth feele, then angry flars aboue. 
 Doe band your felues, gainft me in heauens hie. 
 And rigor worke, to conquer conftant loue, 
 Mount vp poore fighes, here is no helpe, I die.
 
 xxxiv Introdiictioji, 
 
 And fo fad fighes, the witnes of my thought. 
 If loue finde not, true guerdon for good will : 
 Ere that to graue, my body flialbe brought, 
 Mount vp to clowds, and there abide me ftill. 
 But if good hope, and hap fome fuccour fend, 
 And honor doth, my vertuous minde fupply, 
 With treble bliffe, for which I long attend, 
 Returne good fighes, I mean not now to die. 
 
 Tranflated out of French, for one that is bounde much to Fortune. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 It were easy to multiply contemporary and funereal 
 "flatteries' of Elizabeth under the name of the 'Phoenix,* 
 and from Cynthia in Spenser to the Rosalind and Orianas 
 of many ' Madrigals,'* and Atropeion Delion of Thomas 
 Newton (1603), shew that she was even to old age re- 
 ceptive of the loftiest names and the most celestial praise, 
 especially if they lauded her 'beauty' or her intellect. But 
 for our present purpose more cannot be required. 
 
 Having thus determined that Elizabeth was the ' Phoenix,' 
 I proceed now to inquire who was intended by the ' Turtle- 
 doue.' As with the ' Phoenix,' I must request attention to 
 our Notes and Illustrations on the places wherein the 
 ' Turtle-doue ' occurs. It will there be found that, contrary 
 to ordinary usage, the 'Turtle-doue' is distinctly 'sung' of 
 as a male, by the necessities indeed of the 'love' relations 
 sustained towards the ' Phoenix,' and of the ' Phoenix ' 
 towards the 'Turtle-doue,' e.g.: 
 
 Nature. 
 " Fly in this Chariot, and come fit by me, 
 And we will leaue this ill coiTupted Land, 
 We'll take our courfe through the blue Azure flcie. 
 And fet our feete on Paphos golden fand. 
 There of that Turtle Done \\'€\\ vnderfland : 
 And visit HIM in thofe delightful plaines. 
 Where Peace conioyn'd with Plenty flill remaincs." (p. 32.) 
 
 It will also be found that, as with Elizabeth as the ' Phoenix,' 
 
 * See an interesting paper on 'Madrigals' in honour of Elizabeth in Kotes 
 and Queries, first series, vol. iv, pp. 1S5-188. See Postscript D for additional 
 ' Phoenix ' references, &c.
 
 liiirodicctioji. xxxv 
 
 so with the ' Turtle-douc,' epithet and circumstance and the 
 whole bearing of the Poems, make us think of but one pre- 
 eminent man in the Court of Ehzabeth. Let the Notes 
 and Illustrations on portions of these Poems relative to the 
 ' Turtle-doue ' be critically pondered ; and unless I err 
 egregiously, it w'ill be felt that only of the brilliant but 
 impetuous, the greatly-dowered but rash, the illustrious 
 but unhappy Robert Devereux, second earl of Essex, could 
 such splendid things have been thought. Inevitably 
 ' Liberal Honour ' and * Love's Lord,' are accepted as his 
 titles of right ; while his Letters to Elizabeth and of 
 Elizabeth to him reveal the 'envy' and 'jealousy' and 
 hatreds against which he fought his way upward."}* I invite 
 prolonged scrutiny of this description and portraiture ; 
 
 " Hard by a running ftreame or cryflall founlaine, 
 
 Wherein rich Orient pearle is often found, 
 
 Enuiron'd witli a high and fleepie mountaine, 
 
 A fertill foile and fruitful plot of ground, 
 
 Tliere flialt thou find true Honors louely Squire, 
 That for this Fkcenix keepes Prometheus fire. 
 
 His bower wherein he lodgeth all the night, 
 Is fram'd of Casdars and high loftie Pine, 
 I made his houfe to chaflice thence defpight. 
 And fram'd it like this heauenly roofe of mine : 
 
 His name is Liberall honor, and his hart, 
 
 Aymes at ti-ue faithful! feruice and defart. 
 
 Looke on his face, and in his browes doth fit, 
 
 Bloud and fweete Mercie hand in hand vnitcd, 
 
 Bloud to his foes, a prefident mofl fit 
 
 For fuch as haue his gentle humour fpited : 
 His Haire is curl'd by nature mild and mceke. 
 Hangs careleffe downe to fliroud a bluQiing cheeke. 
 
 Giue him this Ointment to annoint his Head, 
 This precious Balme to lay vnto his feet, 
 Thefe ihall diredl him to the Fhanix bed. 
 Where on a high hill he this Bird fliall meet : 
 
 And of their Afiies by my doonie flial rile. 
 
 Another iViaj/wx her to equalize. " (pp. 19-20.) 
 
 + See Lives and Letters of the Devereux, Earls of Essex, &c., &c. By the 
 Hon. W. B. Devereux, 2 vols. 8vo, 1853. (Murray.)
 
 xxxvi liih'ociuciion. 
 
 The 'Turtle Dove,' as thus described, was then In ' Paphos 
 He' ; and what was meant by it will appear in the sequel. 
 But I ask any one familiar with the men and events of the 
 reign of Elizabeth, if Essex is not instantly suggested by 
 these and parallel passages and allusions in Loves Martyr^ 
 This being so, we should expect that Essex would be found 
 elsewhere similarly described ; and if, in giving Churchyard's 
 remarkable ' Phoenix ' poems, I felt that I was by them 
 placing our interpretation beyond cavil, I have much the 
 same conviction in now submitting certain extracts from a 
 poem avowedly in his honour, when he was in the golden 
 sunshine (yet not without broad shadows) of his favour with 
 Elizabeth. I refer to ''An Eglogve Gt'atvlatorie. Entitled: 
 To the right honorable, and renowned Shepheard of Albions 
 Arcadia: Robert Earle of Essex and Ewe, for his welcome 
 into England from Portugall. Done by George Peele." 
 (1589.)* 
 
 Let these speak for themselves, by help of our italics 
 occasionally : 
 
 Piers. 
 •' Of arms to fing I haiie nor luft nor fl<ill ; lutl 
 
 Enough is me to blazon my good-will, 
 To welcome home that long hath lacked been. 
 One of the joUieft fhepherds of our green; 
 
 lo, io pcean! 
 
 Palinode. 
 Tell me, good Piers, I pray thee tell it me, 
 "What may thilk jolly fwain or fliepherd be. 
 Or whence y-comen, that he thus welcome is, 
 That thou art all fo blithe to fee his bliffe ? 
 
 Piers. 
 .... Thilk fiiepherd. Palinode, whom my pipe praifeth, 
 Where glory my reed to the welkin raifeth, 
 He's a great herdgroom, certes, but no fwain, 
 Saue hers that is ike /lower of Phcebe's plain; 
 
 16, io paean! 
 
 * Dyce's Greene, pp. 559-563, r vol., 8vo, 1S61. It is much to be regretted 
 that, here as invariably, so competent a scholar and so noble a worker as the 
 late Mr. Dyce viodemizcd the orthography of his te.\ts, thereby obliterating all 
 philological and critical value.
 
 Again 
 
 hitroduction. xxxvii 
 
 He's well-allied and loved of the befl, 
 Wcll-thew'd, fair and frank, and famous oylyfs creft; 
 His Rain-deer, racking with proud and flately pace, 
 Giveth to his flock a right beautiful grace; 
 
 lo, id prean! 
 
 He waits where our great fhepherdefs doth wun. 
 He playeth in the fliade, and thriveth in the fun; 
 He fliineth on the plains, his lufly flock him by, 
 As when Apollo kept in Arcady; 
 
 lo, io poeani 
 
 Fellow in arms he was in their flow'ring days 
 
 With that great fliepherd, good Philifides; Sir Philip Sidney. 
 
 And in fad fable did I fee him dight. 
 
 Moaning the mifs of Pallas' peerlefs knight; 
 
 lo, io paean! 
 
 With him he ferv'd, and watch'd, and waited late, 
 
 To keep ike grim wolf from Eliza's gate; [Afijou, Tyrone, dfc,^ 
 
 And for their miflrefs, thoughten thefe two fwains, 
 
 They moughten neuer take too mickle pains; 
 
 Io, io pseani 
 But, ah for grief ! that jolly groom is dead. 
 For whom the Mufes, filver tears have flied ; 
 Yet in this lovely fzuain, fource of our glee, 
 Mun all his virtues fweet rnnven be ; 
 
 Io, io p?ean! 
 
 Palinode. 
 " Thou foolifh fwain that thus art over-joy'd. 
 How foon may here thy courage be accoy'd! 
 If he be one come new from weftem coaft, 
 Small caufe hath he, or thou for him to boafl, 
 
 I fee no palm, I fee no laurel boughs 
 
 Circle his temples or adorn his brows ; 
 
 I hear no triumphs for this late return, 
 
 But many a herdsman more difpos'd to moura. 
 
 Piers. 
 Pale lookeft thou, like fpite, proud Palinode f 
 Venture doth lofs, and war doth danger bode t 
 But thou art of thofe harvefters, I fee. 
 Would at one fhock fpoil all the filberd tree ; 
 
 Io, io pseani 
 
 For fliame, I fay, give virtue honour'-s due! 
 I'll pleafe the fliepherd but by telling true :
 
 xxxviii Introduction. 
 
 Palm mayft Ihou fee and bays about his head. 
 That all his flock right forwardly hath led ; 
 
 15, io paean ! " 
 
 Then comes Envy, as so frequently in Love's Martyr and 
 the Essex letters (to and from), with sinister influence : — 
 
 " But woe is me, lewd lad, fame's full of lies, 
 Envy doth aye true honour's deeds despise, 
 Yet chivalry will mount with glorious wings 
 Spite all, and nestle near the seat of Kings ; 
 
 /o, io pu:an\ 
 
 Finally, Chester's * Liberall Honor' is introduced : — 
 
 •• O Honour's fire, that not the brackifh fea 
 Mought quench, nor foeman's fearful 'laruras lay! 
 So high thofe golden flakes done mount and climb 
 That they exceed the reach of fliepherds rhyme ; 
 
 /o, i'6 p{zanl 
 
 Palinode. 
 What boot thy welcomes, foolifli-hardy fwain ? 
 Louder pipes than thine are going on the plain ; 
 Fair Eliza's laffes and her great grooms 
 Receive this fliepherd with unfeign'd welcomes. 
 
 Honour is in him that doth it beflow 
 
 Piers. 
 So ceafe, my pipe, the worthies to record 
 Of thilk great fliepherd, oi Ihiik fair yoiutg lord." 
 
 The line of Palinode, 
 
 " Honour is in him that doth it befl:ow," 
 
 as well as the title of ^Liberal Honour^ refers doubtless, 
 among other things, to the dubbing of knights by Essex as 
 commander-in-chief — a matter which caused much 'evil- 
 speaking' and jealousy. 
 
 Subsidiary to this specially noticeable poem of GEORGE 
 Peele is another by THOMAS CHURCHYARD. Intrinsically 
 it is of little or no poetical value ; but from its direct bear- 
 ing on our interpretation of * Paphos He,' — as in Loves 
 Martyr, designating Ireland, — it has no common interest. 
 For it is a Greeting to Essex on his departure for Ireland 
 to put down the rebellion of Tyrone. There is nothing of
 
 IiUroductioii. xxxix 
 
 that exaggerate laudation of Essex common at the period ; 
 but the very homeliness and humbleness of the poem serve 
 the better to reflect the gravity of his summons to do this 
 service for his Queen. One phrase in the Epistle-dedicatory 
 gives a parallel to Shakespeare's assurance of welcome on 
 return, and to us now the quaintest possible use of the word 
 ' impe.' The august names, e.g., Scipio, Mars, and the like, 
 tell us of the popular conception of the hero of the Expedi- 
 tion ; and in relation to the ^Liberal Honour' of Love's 
 Martyr, it does not look like a mere coincidence that 
 Churchyard names Essex 'Honour' — "Who must ask grace 
 on knees at Honor's feet " (p. xlii, 1. 26). I deem it well to 
 reproduce the whole, from (it is believed) the unique ex- 
 emplar in the British Museum. Unfortunately the head- 
 line of the openmg of the poem is cut off by the binder, and 
 only the word 'happy' can be guessed at in it. The title- 
 page is as follows : 
 
 THE 
 
 FORTVNATE FAREWELL 
 
 to the moft forward and noble Earle 
 
 of Effex, oue of the honorable priuie 
 
 Counfcl, Earle high Marfhal of Eng- 
 
 land, Majler of the hor/e, JMafler of the 
 
 ordinance, Knight of the garter, &» 
 
 Lord Lieutenant general of all 
 
 the Qucenes Mai-flies 
 
 forces in Ireland. 
 
 Dedicated to the right Honorable the Lord 
 
 Harry Seamer, fecond fonne 
 
 to the laft Duke of 
 
 Sommerfet. 
 
 Written by Thomas Churchyard 
 
 Efquire. 
 
 Printed at London by Edm. Bollifant, 
 
 for William Wood at the Weft 
 
 doore of Powles. 
 
 1599 
 
 Next comes the Epistle-dedicatory — following up the odd 
 mention of his name in the title-page — to Henry, second 
 son of the Duke of Somerset, by his second wife, Anne,
 
 xl Ititroduction. 
 
 daughter of Sir Edward Stanhope, Knt Churchyard calls 
 him ' the Lord Harry ' by courtesy ; for of course when his 
 father w'as stripped of his titles, those of the sons also fell. 
 But he w^as knighted, though no record of this appears to have 
 been preserved. Dr. Chester has notes of the administration 
 to his estate, dated 6 February, 1606-7, when he was de- 
 scribed as Sir Henr}^- Seymour, Knt, of St Anne, Blackfriars, 
 London, the letters being granted to his sister. Lady Mary 
 Rogers. He married Lady Joan Percy, third daughter of 
 Thomas, sev^enth Earl of Northumberland, but died without 
 issue ; and as his sister administered his estate Lady Sey- 
 mour probably died before him. The Epistle thus runs : 
 
 To the right kanorabh the L. Harry Seamer 
 
 Tkemas Churchyard v^iSiketii continaance of 
 
 vertue, bleffednefle of minde, and 
 
 wifhed felicitie; 
 
 IN" all duty (my good Lord) I am bold, becaafe your mod honorable father 
 the Duke of Sommerfet (vncle to the renowmed impe of grace noble King 
 Edward the fixt) fauoured me when I was troubled before the Lords of the 
 Counfell, for writing fome of my firft verfes : in requitall whereof, euer fmce I 
 haue honored all his noble race, and knowing your Lordfhip in fea feniices 
 forward and ready in all honorable maner (fparing for no charges) when the 
 Spaniards approched neere our coantrie, I bethought me how I might be 
 thankfull for good tumes found of your noble progenie:* though vnable there- 
 fore, finding my lelfe vnfamifhed of all things woorthy prefentation and accept- 
 ance, I tooke occafion of the departure of a mofl woorthy Earle towardes the 
 feruice in Ireland, fo made a prefent to your Lordfhip of his happy Farewell as I 
 hope : and truft to line and fee his wifhed welcome home. This Farewell onely 
 deuifed to ftirre \-p a threefold manly courage to the mercenaric multitude 
 of foldiers, that follow this Marfhall-Iike [Martial-like] General], and efpeciaUy 
 to mooue all degrees in generall loyally to feme our good Queene Elizabeth, 
 and valiantly to go through with good refolution the acceptable feruice they take 
 in hand. Which true feruice fhall redouble their renowne, and enroll their 
 names in the memoriall-booke of fame for euer. I feare I leade your Lordfhip 
 too farre with the flourifh of a fruitlefie pen, whofe blandifhing phrafe makes 
 many to gaze on, and few to confider well of and regarde. My plot is onely laide 
 to purchafe good will of vertuous people: what the reft thinke, let their mifcon- 
 ftruing co-y-!*? anfwsre their owne idle humors. This plaine prefent winning 
 your Loral hips good liking, fhall paffe with the greater grace to his honorable 
 
 • = descent, or as we would say, ancestry, i.e., the 'before-births,' a sense 
 common at that time. Ct Shakespeare and iMve's Martyr.
 
 Itiiroduction. 
 
 YaaSs, fliat due pvakis & power of good men vaites '^'"' 
 the idSmnaltion of wicked lebeMion. 
 
 Your L. in an at oannnzndai- 
 
 And now we reach the poem itself;* 
 
 N~ ;iFio£zil5tc - -_ 
 
 i of hoe 
 
 r . - ^.-. -a trees, ': 
 
 -■-?, EuZASlfc:- 
 
 A' . (rf^wHthi'kn^iitslhoep^ 
 
 Ae: - .- . . . . 
 
 V. ^ . 
 
 Onor camtres i^^it^ aj: i : _ ir.-dl to be tried : 
 
 Kig^ madss wrosig 
 
 The fwcxd is diawiL. - " .\ _-i™j _, 
 
 A tiaitrar miuifl be ts. _ _ - ; •-■'ry 
 
 When Mass Ihal majch, wt:/. 
 
 A cxaoen couu 
 
 Will ran about '. : . . 
 
 When cocks d z : - :. \ .:>z x 
 
 Xtl 
 
 u "-- -- -J 
 
 
 
 
 i'" 
 
 
 
 
 
 Forhedia: 
 
 :M!, 
 
 aie|»2E:_l^ 
 
 Tlieic: 
 
 
 
 -% 
 
 ., ȣC
 
 xlii IntTodtictioii. 
 
 Boldnes begaet theas helliounds all a roe, 
 
 The fons of fhaem, and children of Gods wraeth ; 
 
 With woluifli minds, liek brectchles beares they goe. 
 
 Throw woods and bogs, and many a crooked paeih : 
 
 Lying liek dogs, in litter, dung and flrawe. 
 
 Rued as bruet beaRs, that knoes ne ruel nor lawe. 
 
 Foflred from faith, and fear of God or man, 
 
 Vnlernd or taught of any graces good, 
 
 Nurft vp in vice, whear falfehed firft began. The 
 
 Mercyles boern, dill flieading guiltles blood. leau'[t'fs] 
 
 Libertines lewd, that all good order haets, 
 
 Murtherers viel, of wemen great with childe^ 
 
 Cruell as kiets, defpifing all eflaets, 
 
 Diuliflily bent, boeth currifli, ftern and wilde T. 
 
 Their whole deuice, is rooet of mifcheeues all. 
 
 That feeks a plaeg, on their own heds to fall. 
 
 Will God permit, fuch monfters to bear fway ? 
 
 His iuflice haets, the fleps of tyrants ftill, 
 
 Their damnable deeds, craues vengeance euery day 5 
 
 Which God doth fcourge, by his own bleffed will. 
 
 He planteth force, to fling down feeble flrength. 
 
 Men of mutch worth, to weaken things ofnoght, 
 
 Whoes cloked craft, fliall fuer be feen at length. 
 
 When vnto light, dark dealings fliall be broght : 
 
 Sweet ciuill Lords, fliall fawfy fellowes meet, 
 
 Who nmft ask grace, on knees at honors feet. 
 
 Ruednes may range awhile in ruffling fort. 
 
 As witleffe wights with wandring niaeks world mucs ; 
 
 But when powre corns, to cut prowd praiflife flicrt. 
 
 And flioe by fword, how fubiecfls Prince abues. 
 
 Then confliens fliall Peccaui cry in feeld. 
 
 Tremble and quaek, mutch liek an Afpin leaf. 
 
 But when on knees, do conquerd captiues yeeld. 
 
 The vicflor turns his lied as he wear deaf : 
 
 Rueth is grown cold, reuenge is hot as ficr. 
 
 And mercy fits with frowns in angry atticr. 
 
 World pafl forgaue great faults, and let them pas. 
 
 Time prefent locks on futuer time to com. 
 
 All aegis fawe their follies in a glas, 
 
 Yet were not taught, by time nor found of drom. 
 
 This world groes blinde, and neither fees nor heers. 
 
 Their fenfes fail, the wits and reafon faints. 
 
 Old world is waxt worm-eaten by long yeers, 
 
 And men bccom, black diuels that were faints : 
 
 Yet Gods great grace, this wretched cans reforms. 
 
 And from fayr flowrs, weeds out the wicked worms.
 
 Introduction. illli 
 
 They com that fliall redrelTe great things amis, 
 
 Phick vp the weeds, plant rofes in tlieir place. 
 
 No violent thing endiiers long as hit is, 
 
 Falfehed flies fafl;, from fight of true mens face. 
 
 Traitors do fear the plaegs for them prepard 
 
 And hieds their heds, in hoels when troeth is feen« 
 
 Tho[u]gh[t] graceleffe giues to duty fmall regard. 
 
 Good fubiec^s yeelds obedience to their Queen : 
 
 In quarrels iufl, do thoufands offer Hues, 
 
 They feel fowl bobs that for the bucklars ftriues. 
 
 This Lord doth bring, for ftrength the fear of God, 
 
 The loue of men, and fword of iuftice boeth, 
 
 Which three is to Tyroen an iron rod, 
 
 A birchin twig, that draws blood whear hit goeth. [ = '^ ] 
 
 When lOAB went, to warr in Davids right. 
 
 He broght hoem peace, in fpite of enmies beard. 
 
 For loziAS, the Lord above did fight, 
 
 With Angels force, that made the foes afeard : 
 
 The world doth fliaek, and tremble at his frown, 
 
 Whoes beck foon cads the brags of rebels down. 
 
 Stand fad and fuer, falfe traitors turns their back. 
 
 True fubiecfls veaw, maeks haerbrain rebels blufli ; 
 
 Stout hcauy bloes, maeks higheft trees to crack. 
 
 An armed pick, may brauely bied a pufli : 
 
 Wheel not about, fland ftifife liek brazen wall, 
 
 For that's the way, to win the feeld in deed ; 
 
 Charge the foer front, and fee the enmies fall. 
 
 The cowards brag, is but a rotten reed : 
 
 Vidlors mud beare the brunt of eury fliock, 
 
 A conflant minde, is liek a flony rock. 
 
 Farewell fvveet Lords, Knights, Captains and the refl. 
 
 Who goes with you, taeks threefold thankfull pain, 
 
 Who fets you forth, is ten times treble blefl, 
 
 Who ferues you well, reaps glory for their gain. 
 
 Who dies fliall line, in faem among the bed. 
 
 Who Hues fliall lock and laugh theas broils to fcorn : 
 
 All honed harts, doth ciuill warr deted. 
 
 And curfe the time that ear Tyrokn was born : 
 
 We hoep good hap waits on the fleet that goes. 
 
 And Gods great help, fhall clean dedroy our foes. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 I venture to assume that I have sufficiently answered our 
 question, Who were meant by the ' Phoenix ' and the 
 'Turtle-dove' of these Poems? I must hold it as demon-
 
 xliv Introdttctwii. 
 
 strated, that the ' Phoenix ' was Ehzabeth and the ' Turtle 
 Dove' Essex.* No one has, hitherto, in any way thought 
 of this interpretation of the ' Turtle Dove ' any more than 
 the other of the ' PhcEnix ' ; but none the less do I hope for 
 acceptance of it."|" 
 
 Our interpretation of Chester's 'Phoenix* and 'Turtle 
 Dove' is the more weighty and important, in that it for the 
 first time enables us to understand Shakespeare's priceless 
 and unique ' Phoenix and Turtle ' — originally attached to 
 Loves Martyr. Perhaps Emerson's words on Shakespeare's 
 poem, as well represents its sphinx-character even to the 
 most capable critics, as any. They are as follow in his pre- 
 face (pp. v, vi) to his charming Parnassus (1875) — 
 
 " Of Shakespeare what can we say, but that he is and remains an exceptional 
 mind in the world ; that a universal poetry began and ended with him ; and that 
 manlvind have required the three hundred and ten years since his birth to fami- 
 liarize themselves with his supreme genius ? I should like to have the Academy 
 of Letters propose a prize for an essay on Shakespeare's poem, Let the bird of 
 loudest lay, and the Threnos with which it closes, the aim of the essay being to 
 explain, by a historical research into the poetic myths and tendencies of the age 
 in which it was written, the frame and allusions of the poem. I have not seen 
 Chester's Loves Martyr, and "the Additional Poems" (i6oi), in which it ap- 
 peared. Perhaps that book will suggest all the explanation this poem requires. 
 To unassisted readers, it would appear to be a lament on the death of a poet, 
 
 * In a small prose book by Thomas Dekker, of which I know no other 
 exemplar than my own (unfortunately not perfect) — the "Prayers" that 
 compose it are given respectively to the 'Done,' the 'Eagle,' the ' Pellican,' 
 and the ' Phoenix." This unique little volume is dated 1609. Anything richer 
 spiritually or more exquisite and finely quaint in its style, of the kind, I do not 
 know. His preliminary description of the four birds is exceedingly well-done, 
 and those of the ' Dove ' and ' Phoenix ' vividly set forth what the ' Phoenix ' and 
 'Turtle Dove' oi Love's Martyr zx^ — only the love and aspiration are heaven- 
 ward. Does any one know of another copy of this book ? I should rejoice to 
 hear of it. 
 
 t The late Mr. Richard Simpson had doubtless studied Chester critically ; 
 but he gave no inkhng of his interpretation beyond announcing througli the 
 A'ew Shakespeare Society that he would connect Love's Martyr with Cyinbeliue. 
 1 fear tliis must have proven another of his 'School of Shakespeare' discoveries. 
 I have looked in vain in Cyinbeline for anything save the slightest verbal illus- 
 trations of Love's Martyr. None the less do I i-egret that Mr. Simpson was not 
 spared to give us his view of Love's Martyr, &.c.
 
 Introduction. xlv 
 
 and of his poetic mistress. But the poem is so quaint, and charming in diction, 
 tone, and allusions, and in its perfect metre and harmony, that I would gladly 
 have the fullest illustration yet attainable. I consider this piece a good example 
 of the rule, that there is a poetry for bards proper, as well as a poetry for the 
 world of readers. This poem, if ]5ublished for the first time, and without a 
 known author's name, would find no general reception. Only the poets would 
 save it." 
 
 Perchance there is truth in the close of this penetrative 
 bit of criticism ; but to myself the ' Phoenix and Turtle ' has 
 universal elements in it at once of thinking, emotion and 
 form. Its very concinnity and restraint, e.g. — compared with 
 the fecundity of Vemis and Adojtis and Lticrece — differen- 
 tiate it from all other of Shakespeare's writings. I discern 
 a sense of personal heart-ache and loss in these sifted and 
 attuned stanzas, unutterably precious. 
 
 {d) What is the message or motif of these Poems ? 
 I recall that the original title-page informs us that in Love's 
 Martyr, or Rosalins Complaint, we have poems ''Allcgorically 
 Piadowing the trnth of Loiie!^ I cannot take le3S out of this 
 than that the author believed he was celebrating a 'true 
 love.' More than that, I cannot explain away the so 
 prominentjy-given chief title, of Love's Martyr, or the sub- 
 title, Rosalin's Complaint ; which so manifestly folds 
 within it Elizabeth, as the 'Tudor Rose (just as Rosalind in 
 As You Lilze It, is called 'my sweet Rose, my dear Rose/ 
 act i, sc. 2). To me all this means a ' true love ' that ' ran 
 not smooth,' that was defeated or never completed, and 
 that led to such anguish as only the awful word ' martyr ' 
 could express. With queen Elizabeth, then, as the 'Phoenix,' 
 and as the ' Rosalin ' whose ' Complaint ' the poems en- 
 sphere, and Essex as the 'Turtle Dove,' it seems to me 
 unmistakable that Robert Chester, as a follower not 
 to say partizan of Essex, designed his Loves Martyr as 
 his message on the consummation of the tragedy of his 
 beheading. That there is nothing beyond the insinu- 
 ated martyrdom oi the title on the scarcely less wrong 
 
 D
 
 xlvl Introduction. 
 
 than blunder of Elizabeth — the execution of Essex — is to 
 be explained by (i) That the words ' long expected labo7ir' in 
 the Epistle-dedicatory, intimate that the poems had been 
 composed, substantially, some years before, probably in 
 1599, when Essex was on his memorable errand to 
 Ireland ; (2) That Elizabeth was still alive — and a terrible 
 old lioness still when her pride was touched. The fact that 
 Elizabeth was living when Loves Martyr was published fills 
 me indeed with astonishment at the author's audacity in so 
 publishing. This, however, is mitigated by these considera- 
 tions {a) That throughout Loves Martyr there is abundant 
 titillation of her well-known vanity in compliments that 
 ' sweet fifteen ' only might have looked for ; {b) That if we 
 had access to the full data it seems manifest that they would 
 show that somehow or other Chester had intimate, almost 
 confidential, knowledge of Elizabeth's feeling for Essex. 
 Sir John Salisburie, as being ' Esquier of the body to the 
 Oueenes moft excellent majesty,' could tell him much if 
 he, personally, had not access, {c) That in her unlifted 
 melancholy over the death of her favorite, the might-have- 
 been came back upon her with sovran potency and accusa- 
 tion, and perchance imparted a strange satisfaction to her to 
 have it re-called by a mutual friend ; much as her Bio- 
 graphers have remarked, she chose to simulate quarrels with 
 Essex, that she might have the pleasure of hearing him 
 defend himself. Throughout Chester fulfilled his word in 
 "The Authors request to the Phoenix" (p. 5), [I] " En- 
 deuored haue to pleafe in praifing thee."* Even in "Sor- 
 rowes loy " on her death, there seems to me a hint at the 
 martyrdom, e.g.: 
 
 " That Pellican who for her peoples good 
 Shirkt not to fpill (alas) her owne deare blood: 
 That maid, that Pellican. "f 
 
 * See Postscript E, for an incident in Elizabeth's life that vivifies one of 
 Chester's compliments to her. 
 t See further quotations in Postscript D.
 
 hi troduction. xl v i i 
 
 In the Notes and Illustrations I bring out indubitable 
 allusions that bear us back to Elizabeth's girl-hood, when 
 she was ' suspect ' and watched and plotted against by her 
 sister, ' Bloody Mary ' (alas ! for epithet so tremendous 
 associated with name so holy and tender !) — bear us back to 
 her radiant prime when her marriage was the national hope 
 and prayer — bear us back emphatically, to her first flush of 
 captivation by the glowing eyes and eloquent tongue of 
 Essex ; and so onward. That Elizabeth was 'led captive,' 
 there are a hundred proofs. Take one in a bit of a letter of 
 Anthony Bagot to his father in May 1587 — "When she 
 [the queen] is abroad, nobody near her but my L. of Essex; 
 and at night, my Lord is at cards, or one game or another 
 with her that he cometh not to his oivn lodgings till birds 
 sijig in the viorning."* I find here the motif oi the poems. 
 Chester interprets with subtlety and power the real 'passion' 
 of Elizabeth for Essex — the actual feeling on her part, that if 
 *I dare' might wait on 'I would' she should have lifted him 
 to her throne. Our Poet puts himself in her place, and with 
 a boldness incomparable utters out the popular impression 
 that Elizabeth did 'love* Essex. Hence — as I think — 
 those stings of pain, throbs of remorse, cries of self- 
 reproach, ' feeling after ' died-out emotion and rapture, 
 that in most unexpected places come out and lay bare that 
 proud, strong, prodigious heart as none else has ever done. 
 I am in the dark as to Robert Chester's relation to Elizabeth ; 
 but it is in broad-breaking light that he pierces to the core, 
 while in simple-seeming and even ' skilless ' phrase, he tells 
 us in these strange discoursings between 'Nature' and the 
 ' Phoenix ' the * trnth of Loue! This is ' allegorically ' done 
 — his phrase is 'allegorically shadowing' — but beneath 
 the allegory is solid fact. 
 
 I care not to go searching for 'scandals against Elizabeth.' 
 The hate of the Jesuits probably manufactured most of 
 them. But I do not see how any one can study the Life 
 
 * Lives and Letters of the Earls of Essex, as before, vol. i, p. i86.
 
 xlviii Introduction. 
 
 and Letters of Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, as told by 
 Captain Devereux, without having it immovably established 
 to him, that to the close Elizabeth had a deep passion of 
 love for him — thwarted earlier by her sense that it would 
 not do for ' Queen ' to marry * Subject,' and later by his 
 capricious marriage to the widow of Sidney, but never 
 extirpated and destined to a weary 'martyrdom' of resurrec- 
 tion when the decollated body lay in its bloody grave. 
 Except the love-tragedy of Stella and Sidney,* I know 
 nothing more heart-shatteringly tragic — for pathetic is too 
 weak a word — than the 'great Queen's' death-cushion 
 moanings and mutterings over her dead Essex. I, for one, 
 believe in that story of ' the ring ' as JOHN WEBSTER has 
 put it : 
 
 "let me die 
 
 In the diflraclion of that worthy princefs 
 
 Who loathed food, and fleep, and ceremony, 
 
 For thought of louing that braue gentleman 
 
 She would fahi haue fau'd, had not a falfe conveyance 
 
 Expreffed him ftubborn-hearted : let me fmk 
 
 Where neither man nor memory may e'er find me. "+ 
 
 That Webster did not thus introduce the 'ring' at rando.'ii 
 seems certain. A hitherto overlooked little book supplies a 
 self-authenticating record of it, as well as other glimpses of 
 Elizabeth that strikingly illustrate Love's Martyr. The 
 title-page is as follows — Historical Memoirs on the reigns 
 of Queen EtirMbetJi and King James, 1658 (i2mo).:|: The 
 ' ring ' story and related reflections thus run : 
 
 * Poems 01 Sir Philip Sidney in Fuller Worthies' Library, and in Chatto 
 and Windus's Early English Pods~—\\\\h. Memorial-Introduction, Essay, &c. 
 t The Devil's Law Case, act iii, sc. 3, Dyce's Webster, p. 128, i vol., 8vo, 
 
 1S57. 
 
 I I am indebted to Dr. Crinslcy Nicholson for supra. Earlier reference 
 is made (as in Loz'es Maiiyr) to Elizabeth's poetical gift, e.g., "professing her- 
 self in public a Muse, then thouglit .something too Theatrical for a virgine 
 Prince" (p. 61). Her prominent part in "the gayetics" of the Court is con- 
 trasted with its ceasing after the death of Essex (p). 70). Tliere arc also several 
 other passages which speak of her affection for Essex. The introductory head- 
 ing is " Traditional Memoirs," &c
 
 Introduction. xlix 
 
 " But the Lady of N'oftingham comin-j to her death-bed and finding by the 
 daily soirow the Queene expressed by the losse of Essex, her self a principall 
 agent in his destruction could not be at rest till she had discovered all, and 
 humbly implored mercy from God m\<1 forgrjeiicssc from her earthly Soveraigne: 
 who did not only refuse to give it, but having shook her as she lay in her bed, 
 sent her accompanied with most fearful! curses to a higher Tribunall, Not long 
 after the Queenes weakiiesse did appeare mortal!, hastened by the wishes of many 
 [Cecil and his circle?] that could not in reason expect pardon for a fault they 
 found she had condemned so severely in lier selfe as to take comfort in nothing after 
 * * * But upon a!! occasions of signing Pardons would upbraid the movers for 
 them with the hasty anticipation of that brave man's end, not to be expiated to 
 the Nations losse by any future endeavours" (p. 95) * * * "[It were] no 
 great hyperbole to affirm the Queene did not only bury Affection but her Power 
 in the Tombe of Essex " (p. 97) *****" For after the blow was given, 
 the Queene presaging by a multitude of tears shed for him, the great drouth was 
 likely to appeare in the eyes of her subjects, when the hand that signed the 
 warrant was cut off", fell into a deep Melancholy wherein she died not long after, "* 
 
 Each Reader of Love's Martyr will discover for himself 
 its allusions to the real under the avowedly 'allegorical.' 
 I would note, in rapidly glancing through the book a few 
 details that are certainly unmistakeable, e.g.: 
 
 '^ Bellona rau'd at Lordlike cowardice" (p. 9). 
 
 One has but to read Essex's ' Letters,' and to master the 
 facts about COBHAM and other 'coward' lords in relation to 
 Essex's ' Expeditions,' to perceive the blow of this line 
 Of the ' Phoenix ' we have this : — 
 
 " One rare rich Phwnix of exceeding beautie. 
 One none-like Lillie in the earth I placed; 
 One faire Helena, to whom men owe dutie: 
 One countrey with a milke-white Doue I graced: 
 One and none fuch, fmce the wide Vv'orld was found 
 Hath euer Nature placed on the ground " (p. 10). 
 
 Like to a light bright Angel in her gate: 
 For why no creature on the earth but Ihe, 
 Is like an Angell, AngcU let her be " (p. 14). 
 
 The former is the universal language of the period, e.g., 
 Raleigh in his Cynthia sings of her as a ' milk-white Dove '; 
 
 * See Postcript F, for a very striking contemporary letter in the Advocates 
 Library, Edinburgh, on the death-bed, iS:c., of Elizabeth,
 
 1 Introduction. 
 
 the latter was Essex's favourite word. Thus in acknowledg- 
 ing the queen's gift of her portrait in a ring, he writes : 
 
 "Most dear Lady, — For your Maj. high and precious favors, namely, for 
 sending this worthy knight to deUuer your blessing to this fleet and army, but 
 aboue all other for your Maj. bestowing on me that/^zzV angel which you sent to 
 guard me ; for tliese, I say, I neither can write words to express my humble 
 thankfulness, nor perform service fit to acknowledge such duty as for these I 
 owe " {Lives of the Earls of Essex, as before, vol. i, p. 414). 
 
 Here is the * Queen,' and the proud sovereign of England, 
 speaking, not the mere ' Phoenix ' : 
 
 " Honor that Isle that is my sure defence" (p. 33, st. 1, 1. 7). 
 
 Into whose mouth but Elizabeth's could ever such an excla- 
 mation have been placed .'' Then, to render the ' Isle ' 
 certain as not some foreign ' Paphos Isle,' but one near 
 England, there succeeds an enumeration and celebration of 
 England's chief cities and sights. 
 
 In accord with this, the 'nine (female) Worthies' (pp. 38-40) 
 are appropriate as connected with the ' Phoenix = Queen 
 Elizabeth ; while with equal appropriateness in such case, 
 but only in such case, 'Windsor Castle' and the Knights of 
 the Garter, connect the Queen and King Arthur, and also 
 render the Arthur part of Loves Martyr not wholly out of 
 place. 
 
 Next, here is self-evidently an Elizabethan fact — danger 
 of no heir to the throne of England if the 'Phoenix' married 
 not: 
 
 " This Pha'nix I do feare me will decay. 
 
 And from her allies neuer will arife 
 
 An other Bird her wings for to difplay. 
 
 And her rich beauty for to equalize: 
 
 The Arabian fiers are too dull and bafe, 
 
 To make another fpring within her place" (p. 15). 
 
 Then thiis loue fpake, tis pittie Ihe ihould die, 
 And leaue no ofspring for her Progenie" (p. 17). 
 
 That the 'Phoenix' was Queen of Britain is implied in this 
 stanza :
 
 Introduction. li 
 
 "Nature go hie thee, get thee Phaebits chaire, 
 Cut through the fkic, and leaue Ai-abia, 
 Leaue that il working peace of fruitleffe ayre, 
 Leaue me the plaines of white Brytaii/a, 
 
 Thefe countries haue no fire to raife that flame. 
 That to this Phoenix bird can yeeld a name" (p. 17). 
 
 That the " deh'ghtfome PapJtos He" (p. 17 and onward) 
 was Ireland — wliither Essex had gone — let the reader 
 verify by studying its characteristics under all its mythical 
 and impossible assemblage of productions. Specifically 
 it is to be marked and re-marked that from where the 
 'Phcenix' is, i.e., England (p. 32), ' Paphos ile ' is to be 
 visited, because there the ' Turtle Done ' was to be found. 
 The * course ' of the chariot-borne pair (' Nature ' and the 
 'Phcenix'), was to be through 'the blue Azure skic,' as 
 thus : 
 
 " we will ride 
 
 Ouer the Semi-circle oi Europa, 
 
 And bend our courfe where we will fee the Tide, 
 
 That partes the Continent of Affrica, 
 
 Where the great Cham gouernes Tartaria : 
 And when the ftarrie Curtaine vales the night. 
 In Paphos facred He we meane to light.'"* (p. 32, st. 4.) 
 
 This might very well have taken us to some ideal island 
 of love, out of space and time, or at least to now much 
 spoken of Cyprus with its renowned love-shrine of Paphos. 
 But the real in the Poet's thought effaces the ideal ; for no 
 Mediterranean or Aegean is passed, and no ' vision ' of the 
 
 * Probably Chester drew his designation of ' Paphos lie ' from his friend 
 'M.zxi'iOVi^ Metamorphosis of Pigmalions Image (\^<^%); in the 'Argument' to 
 which he says — "After Pigmalion (beeing in Cyprus) begat a sonne of her 
 [Venus] which was called Paphos ; whereupon that iland Cyprus, in honor of 
 Venus, was after, and is now, called by the inhabitants, Paphos." So to at the 
 close of the poem itself 
 
 " Paphos was got ; of whom in after age 
 Cyprus was Paphos call'd, and evermore 
 Those ilanders do Venus name adore. " 
 
 Marston is mistaken — for 'Paphos' does not appear ever to have been a name 
 of the entire island of Cyprus — but he was sufficient authority for Chester's 
 purpose. Marston, be it noted, contributed to the 'additional poems.'
 
 Hi Introdticiion. 
 
 countries between London and it, is given. Contrariwise 
 — the 'chief cities' of England dive successively described, 
 ^.Xidi just after leaving London ' Paphos He' is reached. As 
 being Ireland, all this is harmonized, but not otherwise. 
 And as being Ireland, Essex, and Essex alone, and Essex 
 in every detail — answers. It may be permitted me to ask 
 the critical weighing of this by my fellow-students of 
 Shakespeare.* Note also Elizabeth's girlhood and its perils 
 by suspicion and malice (pp. 22, 24, 26); and later her mature 
 age — "He drowne my felfe in ripeneffe of my Yeares" 
 (p. 29), and again : 
 
 Nature. " Raile not gainfl: Fortunes facred Deitie, 
 
 In youth thy vertuous patience Ihe hath tyred. 
 From this bafe eartlr Ihee'le lift thee vp on hie, 
 Where in Contents rich Chariot thou (halt ride, 
 And neuer with Impatience to abide: 
 Fortune will glorie in thy great renowne, 
 And on thy feathered head will fet a crowne" (p. 31). 
 
 i.e., the 'crown' of marriage or 'heauenly crown' (cf. 1. 3, 
 and 11. 4-5.) Then let the reader 'inwardly digest' the des- 
 cription of the 'Turtle Dove' by the 'Phoenix' on arrival 
 in Ireland ('Paphos Isle'): 
 
 Phoenix. " But what fad-mournefull drooping foule is this, 
 Within whofe watry eyes fits Difcontent, 
 Whofe fnaile-pac'd gate tels fomething is amiffc: 
 From whom is baniiht fporting Meriment: 
 Whofe feathers mowt off, falling as he goes, 
 The perfeil picflure of hart pining woes ? 
 
 Nature. This is the carefuU bird the Tw-tle Doue, 
 
 Whofe heauy croking note doth fhew his gricfe. 
 And thus he wanders feeking of his loue, 
 Refufing all things that may yeeld rcliefe: 
 
 All motions of good turnes, all Mirth and loy. 
 Are bad, fled, gone, and falne into decay. 
 
 • No doubt Chester is anything but skilful in expressing himself and cateris 
 paribus, I should have explained the absence of the 'vision' of intervening 
 countries thereby. But as it is design not ' skill-less '-ness is the explanation. 
 At p. 17, St. 3, the Poet intermixes the mythical seat of the ' Phcenix ' (Arabia) 
 with that o^ his 'Phrenix'; and so elsewhere. In st. 4, 1. 6, 'a second Phoenix 
 loue ' doubtless points back to the mythical ' Phcenix ' as = first.
 
 hitrodiiction. liii 
 
 Phfcnix. Is this the true example of llie Heart t 
 Is this the Tutor of faire Co)iJlancyl 
 Is this Loues treafure, and Loues pining fmart ? 
 Is this the fubflance of all honefly ? 
 
 And comes he thus altir'd, alas poore foule, 
 That Deftinies foule wrath Ihould thee controule. 
 
 See Nourfe, he flares and lookes me in the face. 
 And now he moumes, worfe then he did before, 
 He hath forgot his dull flow heauy pace, 
 But with fwift gate he eyes vs more and more: 
 O ihall I welcome him, and let me borrow 
 Some of his griefe to mingle with my forrow. 
 
 Nature. Farwell faire bird, He leaue you both alone, 
 
 This is the Doue you long'd fo much to fee. 
 And this will proue companion of your moae, 
 An Vmpire of all true humility: 
 
 Then note my Phanix, what there may enfue, 
 
 And fo I kiffe my bird. Adiie, AJiie. 
 
 Phoenix. Mother farewell; and now within his eyes, 
 Sits forrow clothed in a fea of teares. 
 And more and more the billowes do arife: 
 Pale Griefe halfe pin'd vpon his brow appeares, 
 Plis feathers fade away, and make him looke. 
 As if his name were writ in Deaths pale booke." (pp. 131-3.) 
 
 Finally, the words in the 1601 title-page ' cojijiant fate' 
 have no sense if not = constancy, i.e., to be ' constant,' with 
 martyrdom as the penalty for breaking the fate or decree. 
 
 The letters of Essex to Elizabeth are a commentary 
 on the whole of this. One of the many remarkable, very 
 remarkable letters of Essex to Elizabeth, preserved among 
 the Hulton MSS., may be accepted as a type of the others. 
 It is suggestive of a great deal. 
 
 "Madam.— The delights of the place cannot make me unmindful of one in 
 whose sweet company I have joyed as much as the happiest man doth in his 
 highest contentment ; and if my horse could run as fast as my thoughts do fly, 
 I would as often make mine eyes rich in beholding the treasure of my love, as 
 my desires do triumph when I seem to myself in a strong imagination to conquer 
 your resisting will. Noble and dear lady, though I be absent, let me in your 
 favour be second unto none; and when I am at home, if I have no right to 
 dwell chief in so excellent a place, yet will I usurp upon all the world. And 
 so making myself as humble to do you service, as in my love I am ambitious, I
 
 liv Introduction. 
 
 wish your Majesty all your happy desires. Croydon, this Tuesday, going to be 
 mad and make my horse tame. Of all men the most devoted to your service. 
 [1593.] R. Essex.* 
 
 Loves Martyr throughout, as between the * Phoenix ' and 
 'Turtle Dove,' makes it a mutual contest, of subduing the 
 ' Will,' one of the other. So is it in Elizabeth's letters to 
 Essex, and her sayings of him earlier and later. 
 
 That the ' passion ' and ' truth of love ' were reciprocal ; 
 that Essex apart from ambition, felt that if he was worthy 
 of Elizabeth, Elizabeth was worthy of him ; I cannot for a 
 moment doubt. There are words — glowing and alive — 
 intensities of appeal, wistfulness of longing and odd cap- 
 riciousnesses of jealousy that only reality can explain. Let 
 the Reader turn to his Letters to Elizabeth and of Elizabeth 
 to him ; let him even look Avithin the mad out-break of 
 his rush over from Ireland and straight going into 'the 
 presence,' and he will be satisfied that a personal experi- 
 ence lay behind all that, to w^hich nothing short of ' truth 
 of love ' in the Past, gives congruity or meaning.']- Let his 
 Poems also speak for him. Curiously enough in his Loyal 
 Appeal in Coicrtesy, we have the line 
 
 " O let no Phcenix look vpon a Crowe." \_Anjou?\ 
 
 and these exclamations follow : — 
 
 " Woe to the world the fonne is in a cloude 
 
 And darkfome mifls doth ouerrunne the day 
 
 In hope, Conceipt is not content allovv'd, 
 
 Fauour muft dye & Fancye weare away : 
 
 Oil Heauens what Hell ! The bands of Loue are broken 
 Nor muft a thought of fuch a thing be fpoken. 
 
 * Lives, as before, vol. i, p. 292. 
 
 t In the volume of 1658 (already quoted from) it is expressly stated that 
 Cecil had laid a trap for Essex; caused him to get news of the Queen's illness 
 and even death, and embargoed all other vessels, hoping that Essex would join 
 with Tyrone and others, and cross to England at the head of his army. His 
 sudden appearance with but few followers disconcerted Cecil's plot, who had 
 troops ready to oppose him. There seems no reason to doubt the authenticity 
 and good faith of the volume of 1658.
 
 Int7'odiiction. Iv 
 
 Mars mufl become a coward in his mynde 
 
 While Vulcan ftandes to prate of Venus toyes t 
 
 Beautie mufl feeme to go againll her kinde 
 
 In croffing Nature in her fweeteft ioyes. 
 But ah no more, it is too much to thinke 
 So pure a mouth fhould puddle-wattcrs drinke t 
 
 But fince the world is at this woeful! paffe, 
 
 Let Loue's fubmiffion Honour's wrath apeafe : 
 
 Let not an Horfe be matched with an Affe. 
 
 Kor hateful tongue an happie hart difeafe : 
 So fliall the world commend a fweet conceipt 
 And humble Fayth on heauenly Honour waite.** 
 
 I suppose that was for Anjou. Then "The Buzzeinge 
 Bees' Complaint" will reward full thinking-out. It thus 
 closes ; 
 
 " Ffiue years twice tould, w"' promafes perfum'd, 
 My hope-fluffte heede was ca(l into a flumber ; 
 Sweete dreams of golde ; on dreames I then prefum'd 
 And 'mongft the bees thought I was in the number." 
 
 "The False, Forgotten" is a wail of a bruised heart, e.g. 
 
 " Loue is dead and thou free, 
 She doth lyue but dead to thee. 
 
 When f he lou'd thee befl a whylle, 
 
 See how flyll fhe did delay thee : 
 
 Vfying fhewes for to beguylle 
 
 Thofe vayne hopes w'='^ haue betrayd y'. 
 Now thou feefl butt all too late 
 Loue loues truth, w'''' women hate." 
 
 His ' Cantvs ' is explicit enough, e.g. 
 
 *' I loued her whom all the world admirde, 
 I was refus'de of her that can loue none : 
 And my vaine hopes which far too high aspir'de 
 
 Is DEAD AND BURI'd AND FOR EUER GONE."* 
 
 By the necessities of semi-revelation, semi-concealment, 
 there are things in Loves Martyr that might be brought up 
 
 • I have collected the Poems of Essex in my Miscellanies of the Fuller 
 W^orthies' Library, vol. iv, pp. 430-450.
 
 Ivi Introduction. 
 
 in objection to our interpretation ; but the lines, otherwise, 
 are so deep and broad and sure that I cannot think it 
 possible to eraze them. Fact and fiction however are inter- 
 blended, e.g., the ending of the poem-proper by the Author's 
 evident wish, furtively to pay homage to James, introduces 
 a disturbing element into our interpretation ; but this and 
 other accidents cannot be permitted to affect the substance 
 of the viotif of these poems. The word 'allegorical' 
 covers all such accidents * 
 
 {e) What is the relation between the 'new 
 compositions' and 'Love's Martyr'? In the original 
 title-page is this explanation : " To thefe are added fome new 
 covipofitions, of Jenemll vioderne Writers whofc names are 
 fubfcribed to their feuerali workes, vpon the firji fnbiecl : viz. 
 tJie Phoenix and Turtle'' This makes it plain that these 
 'new compositions' of those 'moderne Writers' in 1601, 
 were intended to celebrate precisely what Love's Martyr 
 celebrated. So that granted, my premiss, viz., that Loves 
 Martyr had the viotif 3.nd message for which I have argued, 
 we have SHAKESPEARE, Ben Jonson, George Chapman, 
 John Marston and others (anonymous), siding (so-to-say) 
 with Robert Chester in doing honour to Essex. I do not 
 greatly concern myself with any in this matter save one — 
 Shakespeare. Now, one may be sure in one's own mind 
 of his admiration, in common with the Nation, for Essex, 
 though the proofs be comparatively slight in themselves. 
 But with this ' new composition ' super-added, the conviction 
 deepens. Omitting the 'Phcenix and Turtle' for the 
 moment, there are three things that favour the view that 
 Shakespeare sympathized with Essex. 
 
 I. There is the great praise in the Chorus oi Henry V: 
 
 * Were it not that Love's Marty 7- was certainly publislied in 1601 and left 
 unchanged (except by withdrawal of preliminary pages) one might have deemed 
 p. 37, St. 2, a later insertion concerning James. As it is, it is impossible. The 
 explanation is, that James was for long set down as Eli/.abeth's heir-pre- 
 sumptive.
 
 Inti'odiiction. Ivii 
 
 " But now behold, 
 In the quick Forge and working-houfe of Thought, 
 How London doth powre out her Citizens, 
 The Maior and all his Brethren in bed fort, 
 
 Like to the Senatours of th' antique Rome, 
 With the Plebeians fwarming at their heeles, 
 Goe forth and fetch their Conqu'ring Ccrfar in : 
 As by a lower, but by louing likelyhood, 
 Were now the Generall of our gracious Empreffe, 
 As in good time he may, from Ireland comming. 
 Bringing Rebellion broached on his Sword : 
 How many would the peacefuU Citie quit. 
 To welcome him ? " (Act v, sc. I (Chorus). 
 
 This splendid tribute is so brought in by head and 
 shoulders on very purpose to win hearts for Essex, that 
 it is scarcely possible to doubt that Shakespeare was for him 
 pronouncedly, maugre the evil-speaking and jealousies and 
 enmities of the day in ' high places.' This is one of those 
 asides that take new significance from the circumstances 
 under which it was introduced. It may, or may not, have 
 been an after-thought and insertion. In either case its 
 significance and declarativeness of opinion and sympathy 
 is untouched. 
 
 2. The acting of Richard II, before Essex made his final 
 wild and ill-advised attempt. There was probably in the 
 minds of those who thus acted a Play so full of warning to 
 princes who pushed their right to edge of wrong, suggestive 
 bits in the Play that might be meant to be caught up. But 
 there is no proof that Shakespeare himself was concerned 
 in the coincidental playing, or that he knew what such 
 playing Avas meant to precede. Neither do I think that 
 Shakespeare would have countenanced Essex in so unwise 
 an act, albeit I never can think it was born of disloyalty 
 to his 'great Queen.' I do not, therefore, receive the phiy- 
 ing of Richard II as proof that Shakespeare was a partizan 
 of Essex's. Yet is the thing noteworthy. 
 
 3. The silence of Shakespeare on the death of Elizabeth. 
 Amid the abounding elegies and eulogies contemporaneous
 
 Iviii Introduction. 
 
 and later, you search in vain for anything by Shakespeare. 
 Every one knows that he was reproached in print for his 
 silence. I regard it as specially memorable. Inferentially 
 I take it as Jiis verdict for Essex. Perhaps equally worthy 
 of note is his after-compliment to James ; for he was the 
 friend of Essex's friends. Southampton's close relations 
 with Essex also furnished an element of alienation from 
 Elizabeth to Shakespeare. 
 
 Any further evidence, even if it be slight, is important 
 And further evidence I find in the 'new composition' of 
 the 'Phoenix and Turtle' contributed by Shakespeare to 
 Loves Martyr. The fact of such a contribution by him is, 
 in itself, noticeable. For while Ben Jonson and Chapman and 
 others contemporary lavished their 'Commendatory Verses,* 
 Shakespeare, with this solitary exception, wrote none as he 
 sought none. This surely imparts special significance to 
 the exception. 
 
 Internally, the ' Phoenix and Turtle ' is on the same lines 
 with Loves Martyr. To my mind there is pathos in the 
 lament ov^er the ' Tragique Scene.' Essex himself, as we 
 have seen — and his Letters to Elizabeth that are still 
 open to be read, have the same burden — had sung 
 
 " I am not liuing, though I feeme to go, 
 Ah^eady buried in the graue of wo " (p. 133). 
 
 and earlier, 
 
 " Loue is dead,"' 
 
 and in the Threnos, Shakespeare regards not the beheaded 
 Essex only, but his ' Phcenix ' too as dead : 
 
 " Truth may feeme, but cannot be, 
 Beautie bragge, but tis not flie. 
 Truth and Beautie buried be. 
 
 To this vrne let thofe repaire, 
 
 Tliat are either true or faire, 
 
 For thefe dead Birds, figh a prayer" (p. 1 84). 
 
 En passant 'Imogen' later is named 'the dead bird' 
 {Cymbetine.)
 
 Introduction. lix 
 
 All this, be it noted, fits in with the 'allegorical shadow- 
 ing' of Lo%^es Martyr; for therein BOTII die. Thus, 
 after the 'Turtle Dove' has craved "pardon for prefump- 
 tion's foulc offence" (p. 133), and avowed his life-weariness 
 much as Essex's letters to Elizabeth did, he is strengthened 
 to endure and prepared for his own and her martyrdom 
 {Love's Martyr)^ e.g.'. 
 
 Phoenix. " Come poore lamenting foule, come fit by me, 
 We are all one, thy forrow fliall be mine, 
 Fall thou a teare, and thou fhalt plainly fee, 
 Mine eyes (liall anfwer teare for teare of thine: 
 Sigh thou, lie figh, and if thou give a grone, 
 I fliall be dead in anfwering of thy mone " (p. 134). 
 
 After exactly such love-talk as we can imagine between 
 Elizabeth and Essex, when after inevitable quarrelling there 
 came as inevitable reconciliation (pp. 134-36), their twin- 
 death— the death of "Truth and Beautie" (the 'dead 
 Birds,' Phoenix and Turtle Dove, of Shakespeare) is set 
 before us. We have, first, the relation : 
 
 Phoenix. " Then to yon next adioyning groue we'll flye, 
 
 And gather fweete wood for to make our flauie. 
 And in a manner facrificingly, 
 Burne both our bodies to reuiue one name: 
 And in all humblenefle we will intreate 
 The hot earth-parching Sunne to lend his heate" (p. 136). 
 
 Then the tragedy itself, which I ask the reader to ponder 
 (pp. 138-9). Both are 'dead' in the pathetic and sugges- 
 tive close : 
 
 Phoenix, " O holy, facred, and pure perfedl fire, 
 
 More pure then that ore which faire Dido mones. 
 More facred in my louing kind defire, 
 Then that which burnt old Efons aged bones. 
 Accept into your euer hallowed flame, 
 Two bodies, from the which may fpring one name. 
 
 x'urtle. O fweet perfumed flame, made 01 thofe trees, 
 
 Vnder the which the Miifes nine haue fong 
 The praife of vcrtuous maids in miflieries. 
 To whom the faire-fac'd Aymphes did often throng; 
 Accept my body as a Sacrifice 
 Into your flame, o. whom one name may rife.
 
 Ix Introdtiction. 
 
 Phoenix. O wilfulneffe, fee how with fmiling cheare, 
 
 My poore deare hart hath flong himfelfe to thrall, 
 Looke what a mirthfull countenance he tlotli beare, 
 Spreading his wings abroad, and ioyes wilhall: 
 
 Learne thou corrupted world, learne, heare, and fee, 
 
 Friendfliips unfpotted true fincerity. 
 
 I come fweet Turtle, and with my bright wings, 
 
 I will embrace thy burnt bones as they lye, 
 
 I hope of thefe another Creature fprings, 
 
 That fliall poffeffe both our authority: 
 I flay to long, 6 take me to your glory, 
 And thus I end the Turile Doues true flory " (pp. 138-9). 
 
 I ask further, that the ' Comment ' of the ' Pelh'can ' (pp. 
 139-41) be critically studied. Finally, I recall the title-page 
 of the ' new compositions ' thus : — Hereafter follow diverfe 
 Poeticall Effaies on the former Subieft ; viz: the Turtle and 
 Phtvnix." This explains how, in Shakespeare's ' Phoenix 
 and Turtle' and 'Threnos,' both are dead ('dead Birds'), 
 though Elizabeth was still living in her great anguish. 
 
 I ask special attention to this ; for otherwise the close of 
 his ' Phoenix and Turtle,' as not conformable to history, will 
 perplex and be regarded as not pointing to Elizabeth and 
 Essex, I must iterate and reiterate that {a) The 1601 title- 
 page expressly states that the " new compositions " (and so 
 Shakespeare's) were "upon the first subiect : viz., the Phoenix 
 and Turtle," and again, were " diverse Poeticall Effaies on 
 the former Subiect ; viz : the Turtle and Phcenix." {b) The 
 story is ' allegorically ' told, as a ' shadowing ' of the ' truth 
 of love' — a very different thing from bare historic data. 
 {c) The title 'Love's Martyr' meant infinitely more than 
 'death' itself To conform therefore to Loves Martyr and 
 to fall in with the ' allegory,' Shakespeare, like Chester, 
 represents Both as dead (' dead Birds '). There might 
 indeed be policy and wariness alike in Chester and Shake- 
 speare in such representation. 
 
 Let the reader take with him the golden key that by 
 the 'Phoenix' Shakespeare intended Elizabeth, and by the 
 'Dove' Essex, and the 'Phoenix and Turtle,' hitherto re-
 
 Introduction. 
 
 Ixi 
 
 gardcd as a mere enigmatical epiccdial lay — as already 
 seen — will be recognized as of rarest interest. I cannot 
 say that I sec my way through it all — st. 5 (p. 182) I do 
 not quite understand ; but it is a mere accident of the 
 poem. But I do see that Shakespeare went with Robert 
 Chester in grief for Essex, and in sad-heartedness that the 
 'truth of love' had not been accomplished. Herein I find, 
 likewise — I would re-impress — why it was that Shakespeare, 
 though well-nigh stung to do it in print, wrote nothing on 
 the death of Elizabeth.* 
 
 The other 'new compositions' are of unequal value. 
 Our Notes and Illustrations invite attention to certain /(^////i- 
 in them. They all go to confirm our interpretation of the 
 'allegory' of the 'Phoenix' and the 'Turtle Dove.' As I 
 read, all from p. 190 to the end belongs to Ben Jonson 
 (spelled ' lohnson ' as he was himself wont in earlier years). 
 I only add that Gifford, after his unhappy manner (with 
 Cunningham following suit), has deplorably corrupted the 
 text of these poems of Jonson — as I record in the Notes 
 and Illustrations. Probably Jonson wrote also the ' Chorus 
 Vatum.' 
 
 (/) Was the 161 i issue only a number of copies 
 
 OF the original of 1601, LESS THE PRELIMINARV 
 MATTER AND A NEW TITLE-PAGE.^ I answer — yes. The 
 identity of the two books — as thus put — is certain. Not 
 only do all the signatures correspond, but the mis-pagings, 
 5 for II, 41 for 14, 59 for 63, are the same. Then, the spur 
 of the L in Libafwn, p. 10, 1. 5 (=p. 18), is olT in both ; a 
 broken O, p. 71, 1. 3 from foot, is the same in both ; a turned 
 'e,' spaces, dislocated letters, &c., are all the same. It is also 
 to be specially observed that the 1601 title-page of the 
 "new compositions" is retained in the 1611 copies. All (in our 
 reproduction) preceding the title-page of 161 1, belongs to 
 the copies of 1601 alone. The new title-page mispells 
 'Annals' as 'Anuals,' which suggests that Chester did not get 
 
 * See Postscript G. e
 
 Ixii Introduction. 
 
 a proof — if indeed proofs were then given to Authors — 
 albeit on the instant having occasion to turn to Bp. Ellicott's 
 New Testamejit Covimentary for English Readers (1878), I 
 find in the first Hne of his lordship's Preface, this similar 
 slip — "The present Commentary may in may respects" 
 for, of course, 'many.' As elsewhere noticed, Chester omits his 
 own name in the new title-page of 161 1. In naming the book 
 no longer Love's Martyr, seeing that Elizabeth and Essex 
 were long dead, and a new sovereign — King James I — 
 reigning, there was policy. There was policy too in des- 
 cribing the book as Anuals of great Brittaine \ for in the 
 Poems, Scotland is scarcely named, and 'great Brittaine' 
 might salve any offence to the royal stickler for his authority 
 and di-aity. Besides, in 1601 the Arthur portion is an 
 episode in the poem of Loves Martyr or Rosalins Complaint; 
 but in 161 1 the episode becomes (in the title-page) the main 
 poem, albeit even then Love's Martyr's story is a part of 
 the 'Annals.' 
 
 {g) What is the poetic value of "Love's Martyr"? 
 Speaking generally, I do not rate Robert Chester as a poet 
 very high. The poem of Love's Martyr wants proportion 
 in its parts. The opening has a certain brightness (pp. 1-6), 
 and the brightness returns when the ' Annals * being ended 
 the Poet resumes with this ' Note ' — " & now, to tvJiere tve 
 left!' The ' Annals ' themselves are thinly done. With 
 Arthur for main theme they look meagre and prosaic beside 
 the old stories of the ' renowned Prince,' such as Mr. 
 Furnivall has furnished us in his golden little book, and 
 such as the 'Legends 'of many Chronicles — verse and prose 
 — furnish, and placed beside the purple splendour of our 
 Laureate's celebration.* Sooth to say, his 'singing' of 
 
 * Willi reference to Chester's address "To the courteous Reader" my ever- 
 obliging friend, Mr. Furnivall, has sent me a number of notes on the various 
 Arthurian romances and MSS., and through M. Paulin Paris, further. I must 
 content myself with a reference to the numerous Arthurian publications in
 
 Intj'odiiction. Ixiii 
 
 Flowers and Plants and Trees, Birds and Beasts and Fish, and 
 precious Stones and Shells and Minerals grows wearisome; 
 although there are bits of Folk-Lore and quaint myths and 
 superstitions in wonderful fulness and variety. Whatever 
 he felt inclined to write, or whatever came into his head, of 
 which he could manufacture a few or even a couple of 
 stanzas, is brought in by Chester. The book is, in fact, an 
 oniniiini gathcrnui. It is just possible that this jungle of 
 irrelevances was of design, that he might conceal in hidden 
 brake (if I may so speak) the fair flowers and fragrances 
 and tendernesses of the story he celebrates in Loves Martyr. 
 I question if Elizabeth had chanced on the volume during 
 the dim sad days that succeeded the death of Essex, that 
 she would have persevered to read or to listen. 
 
 The poetry itself, is, as a rule, poor. There are almost 
 innumerable instances of lines and phrases inserted, more 
 to complete the rhythm and rhyme, than for reason's sake. 
 For the same reason there are not a few forced, and I might 
 almost say, unidiomatic constructions. Only "few and far 
 between " have we aught of inspiration or of fine expression. 
 All the more remarkable is it that Chester so dared to in- 
 terpret the popular belief of what Essex was to Elizabeth. 
 
 But with every abatement I can promise a sympathetic 
 reader that he will come, now and again, on "brave 
 translunary things." Thus in the description of the Person 
 of the ' Phoenix,' that is of Elizabeth, you have daintinesses 
 that make you pause, e.g:. 
 
 Her Hair. 
 " When the leafl whiftling wind begins to fing, 
 And gently blowes her haire about her necke, 
 
 England and France. Suffice it that the most unlikely-lool<ing, viz., the Greek, 
 has been published by F. Michel in his Tristram (Pickering), albeit it refers, says 
 M. Paulin Paris, not to Tristram, as he supposed, but to Guiron le Courtois • 
 and there are other Greek Arthur celebrations. M. Paulin Paris, is amused 
 with Chester's credulity, and writes — that it reminds him of a respected friend, 
 
 the Marquis of , who asked, "Can I doubt of the existence of Homer 
 
 when I possess his bust and portrait?" See Hazlitt's Warton, s.n.
 
 Ixiv Introduction. 
 
 Like to a chime of bels it foft doth ring, 
 
 And with the prety noife the wind doth checlce, 
 
 Able to kdl afleepe a penfiue hart. 
 
 That of the round worlds forrowes beares a part " (p. lo). 
 
 Eyes. 
 
 *• Vnder this mirrour, are her princely eyes: 
 
 Two Carbuncles, two rich imperiall lights; 
 
 That ore the day and night do foueraignize, 
 
 And their dimme tapers to their reft the frights: 
 
 Her eyes excell the Moone and glorious Sonne, 
 
 And when flie rileth al their force is donne" (p. II). 
 
 Cheekes. 
 
 " Her morning-coloured cheekes, in which is plac'd. 
 
 A Lillie lying in a bed of Rofes; 
 
 This part aboue all other I haue grac'd, 
 
 For in the blew veines you may reade fweet pofies: 
 
 When fhe doth blufli, the Heauens do wax red. 
 
 When fhe lookes pale, that heauenly Front is dead " (Ibid. ) 
 
 Chin. 
 
 " Her chinne a litle litle pretie thing 
 
 In which the fweet carnatian Gelli-flower, 
 
 Is round encompaft in a chriftall ring, 
 
 And of that pretie Orbe doth beare a power: 
 
 No ftorme of Enuie can this glorie touch, 
 
 Though many flaould affay it ouermuch " {Ibid.) 
 
 Lips. 
 
 " Her lippes two ruble Gates from whence doth fpring, 
 
 Sweet honied deaw by an intangled kiffe. 
 
 From forth thefe glories doth tlie Night-bird fing, 
 
 A Nightingale that no right notes will miffe: 
 
 True learned Eloquence and Poetrie, 
 
 Do come betweene thefe dores of excellencie " {Ibid.) 
 
 Hands. 
 
 ** Her hands arc fortunes palmes, where men may reade 
 
 His firft houres deftiny, or weile or woe. 
 
 When fhe this fky-like map abroad doth fpreade. 
 
 Like pilgrimes many to this Saint do go, 
 
 And in her hand, white hand, they there do fee 
 
 Loue lying in a bed of yuorie " (p. 13). 
 
 Fingers. 
 
 " Her fingers long and fmall do grace her hand; 
 
 For when fhe toucheth the fweete founding Lute,
 
 Introduction. Ixv 
 
 The wild vntanied beads amaz'd do fland. 
 And carroll-chanting birds are fudden mute: 
 O fingers how you grace the filuer wires, 
 And in humanitie burne Venus fires ! " [^Ibid. ) 
 
 Feet. 
 " And if by night (lie walke, the Marigold, 
 That doth inclofe the glorie of her eye, 
 At her approach her beauty doth vnfold. 
 And fpreads her felfe in all her royaltie, 
 Such vertue hath this Phoenix glaffy fliield, 
 That Flowers and Herbs at her faire fight do yeeld" (p. 14. ) 
 
 There is occasionally a pleasant 'fmoothneffe' and 
 harmony, as in the ' Phoenix ' in her lament for her years so 
 swiftly passing away without a mate, e.g.: 
 
 *' What is my Beauty but a vading Flower ? 
 
 Wherein men reade their deep-conceiued Tlirall, 
 
 Alluring twentie Gallants in an hower, 
 
 To be as feruile vaffalls at my Call ? 
 
 My Sunne-bred lookes their Senfes do exhall: 
 
 But (6 my griefe) where my faire Eyes would loue, 
 Foule bleare-eyed Enuie doth my thoughts reprooue. 
 
 What is my Vertue but a Tablitorie: 
 Which if I did beflow would more increafe ? 
 What is my W'it but an inhumane glorie: 
 That to my kind deare friends would proffer peace ? 
 But O vaine Bird, give ore in filence, ceafe; 
 Malice perchaunce doth hearken to thy words. 
 That cuts thy thread of Loue with twentie fwords " 
 
 (pp. 25-6). 
 
 Eqtially flowing, and informed with a subdued passion is 
 ' Nature's ' remonstrance : 
 
 *' Is this the fumme and fubflance of thy woe X 
 
 Is this the Anker-hold vnto thy bote ? 
 
 Is this thy Sea of Griefe doth ouerflow? 
 
 Is this the Riuer fets thy fliip aflote ? 
 
 Is this the Leffon thou hafl learn'd by rote ? 
 And is this all? and is this plot of Ground 
 The fubflance of the Theame doth thee confound ? " (p. 30). 
 
 There are also now terse and now vivid things, e.g.:
 
 Ixvi 
 
 Introduction. 
 
 Luft. 
 **.... Lufl is fucli a hot inflnmed thing 
 
 It gouerneth mans fenfes, rules a King" (p. 45). 
 
 Cities. 
 " Great peopled Cities, whofe earth-gracing fliow, 
 Time is afliam'd to touch or ouerthrow " (p. 33). 
 
 Polution. 
 " Hels damned fent with this may not compare " (p. 2S), 
 
 Majefly. 
 " Stand by faire Phoenix, fpread thy Wings of Gold, 
 And daunt the face of Heauen with thine Eye " (p. 27). 
 
 Cleanfing. 
 "... the white fnovv (he fliall excell in whitenefle" (p. 22). 
 
 White-luflre of neck. 
 **. . . More glorious then the day with all his light" (p. 12). 
 
 Lady's hand. 
 " Then by the lavvne-like Hand he tooke his louer " (p. 51). 
 
 Troops. 
 ** His barbed Horfes beat the yeelding ground, 
 And with their neighing terrifide their foe. 
 Proud of their riders, in whofe harts are found 
 A promife to the Romanes ouerthrow. 
 
 The gliftering fhine of their well-fafliion'd armour, 
 Tels all men here doth ride a Conquerour " (p. 71-72). 
 
 Slaughter. 
 ** . . . all the greenegraffe with their bloud they died " (p. 75). 
 
 Arthur. 
 
 ** they found King Arthurs skull, 
 
 Of fuch great largenefie that betwixt his eyes. 
 
 His foreheads fpace a fpanne broad was at fall " (p. 82). 
 
 Dianrond. 
 •■■ The Diamond the worlds reflecting eye. 
 
 The Diamond the heauens bright fliining ftarre, 
 The Diamond the earths moft purefl glorie: 
 And with the Diamond vio flone can compare; 
 She teacheth men to fpeake, and men to loue. 
 It all her rarefl vertues you will proue" (p. III). 
 
 
 The 
 
 " fire burns" and flames o' times, e.g.: 

 
 Introduction. Ixvii 
 
 True and falfe loue. 
 Turtle. " Falfe loue puts on a Maske to lliade her folly. 
 True loue goes naked wifliing to be feene, 
 Falfe loue will counterfeite perpetually, 
 True love is Troths fweete emperizing Queene: 
 This is the difference, true Loue is a iewell, 
 Falfe loue, hearts tyrant, inhumane, and cruell. 
 
 Phoenix, Thou fhalt not be no more the Turtle-V)Q\XQ, 
 Thou flialt no more go weeping al alone. 
 For thou flialt be my felfe, my perfecfl Loue, 
 Thy grief e is mine, thy forrow is my mone, 
 Come kifle me fweetefl fweete, O I do blefie 
 This gracious luckie Sun-fhine happincfle" (p. 135). 
 
 The "Cantoes, alphabet-wise, to faire Phoenix made by 
 the Paphian Dove" (pp. 142-48), and " Cantoes, verbally- 
 written" (pp. 149-75), fold within them real love-passion, 
 though arbitrarily fettered in its expression. The more I 
 study these the more I am impressed with Chester's evident 
 knowledge of the secret history of Essex and Elizabeth. 
 There are touches and allusions throughout that I can 
 explain alone by interchange of conversation between the 
 Poet and Essex, if, indeed, Elizabeth herself is to be 
 excluded. The songs of " Nature " (pp. 86-7) and of "The 
 Phoenix " (pp. 87-8) have the indefinable graciousness of 
 Elizabethan poetry. 
 
 Besides all this, there are a number of current poetic 
 phrases of the day, such as we would look for in such a 
 poet. And while some of them — as pointed out in Notes 
 and Illustrations — are used by Shakespeare, there is in my 
 judgment some probability for thinking that these are not 
 casual coincidences. He clearly alludes, in the lines " To 
 the kind Reader " (p. 6), to the Rape of Lucrece ; and 
 doubtless he had also his Vemcs and Adonis, and not 
 improbably saw and heard some of the plays. Not only 
 would these things be natural in a young man of his birth, 
 but I think I can detect in some of his lines a reflex or 
 remembrance of the rhythm of Shakespeare's lines. There
 
 Ixviii Inlroduction. 
 
 is, also, the unforgetable fact that Shakespeare, with special 
 exceptionahiess, gAV& his ' new compofitions ' to the book ; 
 also, that all the known contributors were Dramatists, and 
 connected with the theatre.* 
 
 Altogether, few I hope will differ from me in affirming 
 that it had been pity to have left Loves Martyr in the 
 hazards of a couple of known exemplars (at most); — literary 
 and historical loss longer to have allowed such a book to be 
 inaccessible to Shakespearian students. I indulge the 
 expectation that my interpretations of the ' truth of love ' 
 in the story of the ' Phoenix ' and ' Turtle Dove ' will take 
 their place as a substantive addition to our critical literature, 
 and give new interest and its true meaning to Shakespeare's 
 incomparable ' Phcenix and Turtle.' 
 
 {h) Who was ' Torquato C.ELIANO ' } By accident or 
 design Chester has here combined the Christian name of 
 Tasso, and the surname of one of the minor poets of Italy 
 of the same period. The following little book was probably 
 known to Chester : 
 
 RIME 
 
 DI DIVERSI 
 
 CELEBRI POETI 
 
 DdV eta nojlra: 
 
 nvovamente raccolte. 
 
 e poste in luce 
 
 in berganio, M.DLXxxvrr. 
 
 Per Cotniiio Ventura, e Compagm. 
 
 Pp. 95-148 consists of selections from the Rime of Livio 
 Celiano ; and then pp. 149-81 of similar selections from 
 Torquato Tasso — the latter immediately following Celi- 
 ano's. Whether this circumstance led our Poet to mis- 
 remember the name of the "venerable Italian Poet" 
 
 * The conjunction of Ren Jonson and Marston in the book in 1601 is oj 
 special interest ; for it was in the same year Jonson produced his Podaster, 
 attacking Dekker and Marston. See Ward's Ettg. Dratua, s. n. Later (1604-5), 
 Jonson, Chapman, and Marston, were together in prison for Eastward Hoe.
 
 IntrodiLction. Ixlx 
 
 under whose mask — as a professed translator — he had 
 elected to sing Loves Martyr, we can only guess. Ccrtcs 
 the selections from Celiano, in the small volume of 
 Geo. Battista Licinio, contain nothing whatever to justify 
 Chester's description of Loves Martyr as a translation ; as, 
 indeed, the entire scope and substance of his poems forbid. 
 It is further to be remembered that, while in the 1601 
 title-page the Poems are designated translations, in the 
 second title-page of 161 1 this is withdrawn, and its native 
 origin and growth affirmed, e.g., "The Anua/s [= Annals] of 
 Great Brittainc. Or A Moft Excellent Monument, wherein 
 may be feene all the antiquities of this Kingdomc." Our 
 late-given interpretation of the main subject of Loves 
 Martyr and related Poems, reveals that the author's own 
 consciousness of their 'burden' would make him very willing 
 to be mistaken for a translator, rather than to be known as 
 the actual composer of such 'perilous stuff.' Notwith- 
 standing willing helpers at home and in Turin, Florence 
 and Rome, I have not succeeded in obtaining, or so much 
 as hearing of, an exejuplar of any edition of the Poems of 
 Livio Celiano.* Ouadrio mentions also this: '^ Celiaiio 
 (Livio) Rime. Pavia, 1592." I have no expectation that, 
 were this other volume before me, any ground-work for 
 Love's Martyr would be found in it. For Chester's poems 
 are English throughout, with no touch of Italian grace or 
 melody or such allusions as were inevitable in any actual 
 translation of an Italian poet. In the British Mu.seum copy 
 of the selections of 1587, some former possessor informs us 
 that Celiano was a native of Genoa. I cherish the pleasures 
 of hope that some specialist may hereafter enable me to 
 recover the Rime of 1592, and perchance other works of 
 Livio Celiano. In such case I shall not fail to communicate 
 the result. Meantime Dr. Todhunter of Dublin — author 
 
 * I owe special thanks to my friends E. W. Gosse, Esq. ; W. M. Rossetti, 
 Esq.; Dr. Steele, Rome; and Messrs. Dulau and Co., London. Mr. Gosse 
 guided me to the Selections in the British Museum.
 
 Ixx l7itrodiiction. 
 
 of Laurella and other Poems, having the genuine mint- 
 mark — has most kindly favoured me with verse-renderings 
 of some of Cehano's love-lays, as typical. The translations 
 are as close to the original as for our object was deemed 
 needful. I have now to give them, as follows ; 
 
 The Lovers Parallel, 
 
 This lovely new-born plant, 
 Whose grace doth so enchant, 
 Mimics that maiden fair 
 Whose virgin beauty is my life's despair. 
 
 It in earth's heavy crust 
 
 Its delicate roots lias thrust; 
 Her's round its cisterns deep 
 Of my life-drained heart do cling and creep. 
 
 It a sweet river laves, 
 
 Her my full eyes' sad waves; 
 
 It joys in sun and air, 
 
 She in the warm sighs of my love's despair. 
 
 It hath its leaflets green 
 Her tresses fair, my Queen; 
 It hath its glowing flowers. 
 She her sweet face, like roses after sho.vers. 
 
 But it with fruit is graced 
 Most pleasant to the taste; 
 Bitter is hers, heigho ! 
 Gall of my life, since I desire it so t 
 
 The Enviotis Lover. 
 
 O many-coloured flowers ! 
 Joy of the meadows; and ye verdurous leaves 1 
 
 Ye whole beloved brood 
 
 Of Earth's great motherhood, 
 How do I envy your thrice-happy state t 
 When you the hot noontide grieves 
 The blessed dawn bedews your fainting budj 
 
 And ah ! how happier far 
 Than me ye are, 
 
 When the beloved feet 
 Ye bend to kiss, of my Urania sweet; 
 And how in your frail form I long to be 
 When in her lap she takes you tenderly !
 
 Introduction. Ixxi 
 
 The Loz'er's Complaint, 
 
 I. 
 
 Who would behold a park 
 Of trees, thick-planted, dark; 
 Let him come see my daily-pierced heart. 
 Thick full of arrows, full of cruel smart: 
 Thus Love hath shewn his art 1 
 
 2. 
 
 Who would behold a sea 
 Of tears wept hopelessly ; 
 Let him come see the wells of bitter brine 
 Which night and day I weep from out my eyne: 
 Thus Love's poor captives pine 1 
 
 3- 
 
 Who would behold a pyre 
 Of hell's eternal fire ; 
 
 Let him come see my bosom, full of flame, 
 Tormented with love's craving and love's shame: 
 Thus Love doth write his name 1 
 
 4- 
 And she desires to know 
 The cause of all this woe — 
 
 Why Love hath matle of me park, sea, and hell, 
 Let him know this my tigress, loved too well. 
 So fair, but ah ! so fell ! 
 
 The Lover's Flea. 
 
 I. 
 
 If I might pleasure thee 
 
 By crying: " Woe is me ! " 
 " Woe's me ! woe's me ! " a thousand times I'd scream, 
 So I might compass all my blissful dreqm 1 
 
 2. 
 
 Or if by sighing deep 
 
 Thy favour I could keep. 
 If that would win thy pity for my plight, 
 Sweet heavens ! I'd sigh all day and sigh all night \ 
 
 3- 
 
 Or if when I should cry 
 
 " Oh help me, sweet, I die ! " 
 Thy comfortable presence I might have, 
 How oft I'd pray thee lift me from the grave 1"
 
 Ixxii Int7'Ochiction. 
 
 4- 
 
 Alas ! I still may sigh, 
 
 " Woe's me ! " for ever cry, 
 And crave thy help in my despairful state; 
 All wUl not serve to change my cruel fate ! 
 
 It only remains to state that, throughout, my anxious aim 
 has been to reproduce the book in absolute fidelity to the 
 original. Below, I record certain errors of the original and 
 other minor points* I would, in conclusion, express my 
 very cordial sense of obligation to the various friends who 
 have aided me in my labour. I have to add to the names 
 that appear in their places, that of the Rev. W. E. Buckley, 
 M.A., of Middleton Cheney, for excellent aid in tracing 
 Chester's classical and other quotations ; but I wish em- 
 phatically to reiterate my gratitude to Dr. Brinsley 
 Nicholson for his sustained and minute carefulness of 
 reading after and with me, and giving me the benefit of his 
 ripe acquaintance with Elizabethan-Jacobean literature. I 
 send forth the book, especially my Introduction and Notes 
 and Illustrations, with less hesitancy, that he has read the 
 whole, and approved, if not in every detail, yet substantially. 
 I have to thank my friend Professor DOWDEN for several 
 suggestions that have been utilized. 
 
 And so I invite thee, ' gentle Reader,' to the thoughtful 
 perusal of this ancient book, in the light and shadow of my 
 interpretation of its 'shadowing the truth of love,' — viz., 
 as telUng the story of Elizabeth and Essex, with Shakes- 
 peare's version as well. I regard it as no common honour 
 to address so 'fit audience.' I confidently count on every 
 genuine fellow-student of Shakespeare receiving generously 
 my endeavour and zucighi?igityit and notes together. Henry 
 Ellison — subtle and vivid Singer of our generation, and 
 destined to be more amply recognized a century hence — 
 may close these introductory words : 
 
 " Oh turn unto the days of yore, 
 
 When Faith her martyr-sons could name; 
 And Liberty's untainted lore, 
 
 From heart to heart, passed as a (lame. 
 * See Postscript H.
 
 Introdtiction. Ixxlii 
 
 Oh turn unto the days when Faith 
 
 Could build cathedral piles thro' love; 
 And hosts therein, as with one breath. 
 
 Their true heart-oflering sent above I 
 Oh turn unto the days of old, 
 
 When unreproved all, and free, 
 Old songs were sung, old tales were told, 
 
 And Hall and Bower rang to their glee. 
 Turn ye unto the times I say. 
 
 When noble thoughts were welcome more 
 To English ears, than at this day 
 
 Vile clinking gold, by knaves told o'er I 
 Oh turn ye to the household laws. 
 
 The fireside laws of Peace and Love; 
 Where Wisdom feeds her little ones. 
 
 And fashions them for Him above ! 
 Oh turn unto our Shakespeare's page. 
 
 And read of Harry's chivaliy; 
 Of gallant deeds, which are a gage 
 
 For like unto Posterity, 
 Oh then shall Freedom on Time's lyre 
 
 Strike with a willing hand the strain 
 Of olden days; and Hampden's fire. 
 
 And Milton's tongue, be heard again ! 
 Then Faith shall have her martyr-names, 
 
 Tho' not fire-tested be their worth. 
 And patient Charity, who tames 
 
 Old hatreds, give to Love new birlh ! 
 Then Freedom's bright electric chain 
 
 Shall stretch o'er hamlet, town, and tower; 
 And good old songs be heard again 
 
 In knightly hall, in cot, and bower ! 
 Then too my Fatherland, thy fame 
 
 With rainbow-breadth once more shall rise; 
 Scattering the storms thro' which it came, 
 
 Like dawn unto long watcher's eyes ! 
 And thus, when thou must sink again 
 
 Within thine owm eternal Sea; 
 The guardian-angels still their strain 
 
 Shall sing, and hail thee, 'bless'd and free.'* 
 
 ALEXANDER B. GROSART. 
 
 St. Georges Vesf/y, Blackburn, Lancashire. 
 August, i8ji. 
 
 * Madtnommts, vol. i, pp. 99-100, 'On hearing an eld-time song.'
 
 POSTCRIPT. 
 
 A. Page viii. 
 
 Epistle-dedicatory of TJic Christian Exercise of Fasting, 
 Private and Pvblike &c. 1 596. 
 
 "To the right worshipful! and his very Christian good friend, master Robert 
 Chester, Esquier &c. mercie and peace in lesvs Christ. 
 
 "I must look for many aduersaries, for the greatest part hath euer declined from 
 pietie to superstition and prophanenes. Therefore, (right worshipfull) I come 
 vnto you for protection of Gods trueth : being the more bolde to aske this fauor, 
 because I am so well assui^ed of your loue thereunto, and full resolution to 
 defend the same with al your might during life. Againe, I haue nowe for many 
 yeares knowen your Christian loue towards me for the truths sake. I desire to 
 testifie my hearts affection towardes you in the best manner that I can. The most 
 blessed spirit of lesus Christ guide and gouerne your spirit, keepe and comfort 
 you and all yours. Februarie 12. 1596. 
 
 " Yours assuredly euer to vse in lesus Christ during life. Henry Holland." 
 
 Judging from this Epistle one must conclude that Chester 
 was of the Puritan side as against the Papal. Essex was 
 avowedly with the Puritans. 
 
 B. Page ix. 
 
 Abstract of Sir Robert Chester s Will, made by Dr. Joseph 
 Lenuicl Chester, London. 
 
 "I, Robert Chester, of Royston, in the county of Herts, Knight" — dated 
 3 May 1638 — to be buried at Royston, next the body of my sister Mrs. Mary 
 Thornburgh — to my wife all my plate, jewels, household stuff, goods, chattels, 
 &c., in my mansion house called Cockenhatch and in and upon my lands in 
 Barkway and elsewhere in co. Herts. — my said wife to provide for the weekly 
 distribution forever of 16'' worth of bread to the poor of Barkway and 8"^ worth 
 to the poor of the hamlet of Northampsted in Barkway aforesaid — to my son 
 Robert Chester, Doctor of Divinity ^^loo., with which to educate my godson 
 Robert Chester son of Henry Chester till he reach the age of fifteen, and then 
 ;^loo. more to bind him apprentice or make him a scholar — to my said godson 
 Robert Chester £yy:>. when 24 years of age — to my said son Henry a Mourning 
 cloak, and to his wife ^10. for mourning — to my son Granado Chester, Doctor
 
 Postcript. \ 
 
 -WV 
 
 of Divinity ^loo. — to my son Robert Chester D. D. and his wife each ^^lo for 
 mourning, and to his son Robert my godson _^ioo. — to my brother in law Mr. 
 John Stone a mourning gown — to my son Edward Chester a gown, my horse, 
 and my seal ring with arms — to my brother in law Mr. Edward Capon a cloak — 
 to my son in law Sir Thomas Nightingale Baronet, a cloak — to my son in law 
 Edward Ratcliffe Esquire, a cloak, and to my daughter his wife ;[^20. for mourning 
 and a ring — to my daughter Theodosea Nightingale widow £20. for mourning 
 and a ring — to my son in law Samuel Hinton, D' of the Civil Law a gown. 
 And to my daughter his wife ;f^20 for mourning and a ring, and to their daughter 
 Anne Hinton ;^20. when 18 years of age — to my son in law John Piggott Esq. 
 and my daughter his wife, mourning — to each of my grandchildren a ring of the 
 value of 20 shillings, with this posy, " Christus unica salus" — to my kinsman 
 Thomas Smith, Gent, a cloak — to the poor of Royston £i^. — to the poor of 
 Barkway and Northampsted;^5. — to my cousin Magdalen Deane alias Addams 
 40 shillings a year for life, and to her daughter Anne, my cousin, wife of [blank] 
 Tymberell, 20 shillings — to my nephew Henry Thornburgh ;{^20. and mourning, 
 and to each of his children ^^5. — to Mr. More, vicar of Royston, 20 shillings 
 and a gown — to my godson Chester Greene 20 shillings — to Dr. Smith, vicar 
 of Barkway, 20 shillings — all residue of personalty to my son Edward Chester, 
 Esquire, whom I appoint my sole executor. 
 
 Codicil, dated 16 March 1639/40 — to my said sons Granado Chester, D. D., 
 and Robert Chester, D.D., ;^30o. which they shall dispose for the benefit of 
 my son Henry — to my said son Henry an annuity of ;^20 for life — All my 
 messuages, lands, tenements, &c. to my said son Edward for life, with remainder 
 to his son John Chester and his heirs male, remainder to the other sons of my 
 said son Edward and their heirs male in succession, remainder to my said son 
 Granado, &c., remainder to my said son Robert, &c., remainder to my said son 
 Henr)', &c. 
 
 Codicil, dated 7 April 1640 — to Granado, second son of my said son Robert 
 Chester, ;^5o. — to Anne Hinton daughter of my said son Samuel Hinton ;^30. 
 more when 18 years of age, or, if she die before, then same to her 2 younger 
 sisters when 18." 
 
 [The Will was proved in the Prerog-ative Court of 
 Canterbury, 3 February, 1 640-1, by Edward Chester, 
 son and executor. 
 
 Recorded in Book "Evelyn," at folio 25.] 
 
 C. Page xxiii. 
 
 Nichols' Progresses of Oueen Elizabeth. 
 
 Were it not that the title-page of Chester's Loves Martyr 
 (1601) designates it "the firft Ejjay of a new BtytiJJi Poet," 
 I should have felt disposed to assign a somewhat vivid piece
 
 Ixxvi Postcript. 
 
 in Nichols' Progresses, to Chester. It is entitled " The Prin- 
 cipal Addreffe in Nature of a New Year's Gifte ; feeminge 
 therebye the Author intended not to haue his Name 
 knowne." It is taken from Cotton MSS., Vespasian, E 8. 
 It is possible that, notwithstanding the words "the firft 
 Effay," this anonymous production really was Chester's, but 
 not re-claimed by him later. Be this as it may, there are 
 memorable and illustrative things in it. Thus, in relation to 
 the prominent part ' Nature ' fills in Loves Martyr, it is 
 noteworthy that, similarly here, 'Nature' gives the "principal 
 Addreffe." Equally noteworthy, too, is it, that one of 
 Chester's titles, Loves Martyr, occurs in this set of courtly 
 poems, e.g.'. 
 
 " Horace, honour'd Augiift, the high 'ft of names, 
 And yet his harte from Mecene never fwervde; 
 Ovid helde trayne in Venus courte, and fervde, 
 Cheife Secretarye to all thofe noble dames, 
 Martyres of love, who fo broylde in his flames, 
 As bothe their trauth and penance well defervde 
 All in fine gold to have theyr image kervde. " 
 
 More noteworthy still is the precise lamentation of Chester 
 over Elizabeth's un-married state as in our closing quotation. 
 Again, she is sung of as ' the Mayden Queen ' with many 
 lovers : 
 
 *'.... two Capetts, three Cezares affayde 
 And had repulfe of the great Britton Mayde " 
 
 And 
 
 And 
 
 For we fuppofe thou haft forfwore 
 To matche with man for evermore " 
 
 "In woman's breft 
 
 Hath harbourd fafe the lyon's harte" 
 
 And the gazer on her 'bewtye' has a 
 
 " leble eye 
 
 That cannot view her ftediaftlye " 
 
 Broadly looked into, this " Principal Addreffe in Nature," 
 throughout, is quite in the same vein with Love's Martyr
 
 Postcript. 
 
 1: 
 
 XXVll 
 
 in its laudation of Elizabeth. A few quotations will doubt- 
 less be acceptable. This is the opening : 
 
 *' Gracious Princeffe, where Princes are in place 
 
 To geve you gold, and plate, and perles of price, 
 It feemelh this day, fave your royall advice. 
 
 Paper prefentes (houlde have but little grace; 
 
 But fithe the tymc fo aptly ferves the cafe. 
 
 And as fome thiiike, you're Highnes takes delighte 
 Oft to perufe the flyles of other men, 
 And eft youre felf, with Ladye Sapphoe's pen, 
 
 In fweet meafures of poefye t'endite. 
 
 The rare affedles of your hevenly fprighte; 
 
 Well hopes my mufe to skape all manner blame, 
 Utteringe your honours to hyde her owner's name." 
 
 Avowedly the author regards Elizabeth as a pre-eminent 
 theme, e.g., " The Author choofmge by his Verfe to honour 
 the Queens Majeftie of England, Ladye Elizabethe, boldly 
 preferreth his Choife and the Excellencye of the Subject 
 before all others of any Poet auncient or moderne," And 
 again : " That her Majestic furmounteth all the Princesses of 
 our tyme in Wifedome, Bewtye, & Magnanimitie : & ys a 
 Thinge verye admirable in nature." In accord with this 
 are the several ' addresses ' placed under the nine Muses. 
 I must content myself with one further quotation : " That 
 her Majestic (two things except) hath all the Parts that 
 justly make to be sayd a most happy Creature in this 
 World." 
 
 Parthe III. Erato. 
 " Youthful! bewtye, in body well difpofed, 
 
 Lovelye favoure, that age cannot deface; 
 A noble harte where nature hath inclofed 
 
 The fruitful feedes of all vertue and grace, 
 Regall eflate coucht in the treble crowne, 
 
 Anceflrall all, by linage and by right. 
 Stone of treafures, honor, and jufl renowne. 
 
 In quiet raigne, a fure redouted might: 
 Faft frindes, foes few or faint, or overthrowen. 
 The flranger toonges, and the hartes of her owne, 
 Ereife bothe Nature and Nourriture have doone, 
 AVith Fortune's liclpe, what in their cunning is — 
 
 P
 
 Ixxvili Postcript. 
 
 To yelde the erthe, a Princelye Paragon. 
 
 But had fliee, oh ! the two joys (lie doth miffe, 
 A Ceefar to her hulband, a Kinge to her foone, \son\ 
 
 What lacks her Highnes then to all erthly bliffe ? 
 
 I add, that " Parthe VII, Euterpe," is a summary descrip- 
 tion of Elizabeth's person, of which that in Love's Martyr 
 is simply an expansion, 
 
 D. Page xxxiv. 
 Other 'Phcenix' and kindred references. 
 
 In "Sorrowes Joy" — a somewhat interesting set of poems 
 among the many that ' speeded ' the departing Queen and 
 welcomed the coming King, Avhich Nichols also has re- 
 printed — there are exactly such descriptions of Elizabeth 
 as are found in Love's Martyr, with the ' Phcenix' perpetu- 
 ally recurring, e.g. 
 
 " Natiu-e, Art, Fortune vexed out of meafure, 
 All firmely vowd to frame her equall neuer. " 
 
 '* Wild Savedges ador'd her living name 
 
 The Earth's bright glorie and the Worlds cleare light" 
 
 • • • • 
 
 " Such one Eliza was whilfl (hee did Hue : 
 One Phcenix dead, another doth suruiue. " 
 
 • • • • 
 
 " Thus is a Phoenix of her allies bred 
 
 " Since that to death is gone that facred Deitie 
 That Phoenix rare. " 
 
 • • • • 
 
 *' A sweeter Muse neare breathed on these lands." 
 
 "Loue (Irowed cinnamon on Phoenix nest." 
 
 *' Or when as Phoenix dies : Phcenix is dead. 
 And fo a Phoenix followes in her stead ; 
 Phoenix for Phoenix." 
 
 See our Introduction (p. xlvi) for one very remarkable 
 parallel with Chester's title of Loves Martyr. With rela- 
 tion to the superlative flatteries of Elizabeth by Chester 
 and contemporaries, Hume has observed — "Even when
 
 Postcript. Ixxix 
 
 Elizabeth was an old woman, she allowed her courtiers to 
 flatter her, with regard to her excellent beauties." Cf. Birch, 
 vol. ii, pp. 442-43. When Elizabeth was nearly 70, Coke, 
 at the trial of Essex in 1601, said gravely, that he and his 
 partisans "went rather into the city than to the Court, in 
 regard the lustre of the divine Majesty glistered so brightly 
 in the Royal Majesty, and did so dazzle their eyes, that 
 they durst approach no nearer." (Camden, Trans. 614, 
 Orig. ir, 230, and cf my Dr. Farmer Chctham MS., in 
 Narrative of the Trial of Essex and Southampton.) 
 
 E. Page xlvi. 
 Melvill's account of Elizabeth. 
 
 Whitakcr, in his "Additions and Corrections made in the 
 second edition of Marj/, Queen of Scots, Vindicated" (1789), 
 has worked in under a passionate anivius, many extracts 
 from contemporary letters, &c. Bating the twist, he gives 
 them all, they are of the rarest interest, and go to confirm 
 and illustrate almost ev^ery detail in Love's Martyr. I refer 
 the student-reader to the book. I content myself here with 
 an incident at Court that vivifies Chester's praise of 
 Elizabeth's musical gifts (p. 13, st. 2). 
 
 " She [Elizabeth] asked, if she [Mary] played well ? I said. Reasonably for 
 a Queen. That same day, after dinner, my Lord of Hunsdean [Hundson] drew 
 me up to a quiet gallery, that I might hear some musick (but he said he durst 
 not avow it) where I might hear the Queen play upon the virginals. After I 
 had hearkened awhile, I took by the tapestry that hung before the door of the 
 chamber ; and seeing her back was towards the door, I entered within the 
 chamber, and stood a pretty space hearing her play excellently well. But she 
 left off immediately, as soon as she turned her about and saw me. She appeared 
 to be surprized to see me, and came forward seeming to strike me with her hand ; 
 alledging she used not to play before men, but when she was solitary to shun 
 melancholy. She asked, how I came there? I answered, as I was walking 
 with my lord of Hunsdean, as we past by the chamber-door, I heard such me- 
 lody as ravished me ; whereby T was drawn in ere I knew how : excusing my 
 fault of homeliness [familiarity] as being brought up in the conrt of France, 
 where such freedom was allowed, the French easiness of manners being then as 
 eminent, as it has since been ...... She then called for my lady Strafford 
 
 out of the next chamber, for the Queen was alone. She inquired, whether my 
 Queen or she played best? In that, I found myself obliged to give her the 
 praise." (pp. 145-6.)
 
 Ixxx Postci'ipt. 
 
 F. Page xlix. 
 
 Letter from a Correspondent in England to a 
 
 Scottish Nobleman, at the close of 
 
 Elizabeth's Reign. 
 
 I am indebted to my friend J. M. Thomson, Esq., Edin- 
 burgh, for an exact copy of this very noticeable Letter. 
 As it has never been printed in extenso I deem it expedient 
 to give it without mutilation. The italicized lines are surely 
 very remarkable in their revelation of Elizabeth's too-late 
 discovery of the wrong against her truest and noblest self in 
 sacrificing Essex. The Letter is valuable, also, as reflecting 
 the troubled state of the nation at the time. The original 
 unsigned MS. — for it was perilous to sign such a letter — 
 is in the Advocates Library, Edinburgh, and it runs thus : 
 
 "Albeit that I haue not aunswered yoiir Lordships letter ; neuertheless I 
 hoope, that my silence shal receiue that favorable constructio[n] which my in- 
 nocency may challenge of right. For I was resolued to commit no letter to the 
 hands of Fortune, seing that the expectation of a litl tyme, might secure the 
 passage of thoose papers, which I decreed to consecrate only to your self. And 
 if the debt I owe you, might be payed by woordes, I would frank[Iy] spende al 
 my tyme in acknowlegement of your fauours ; which beare fruite of such sorte, 
 that so soone as I haue receaued them, they begin to bud forth, & to produce 
 new blossomes. 
 
 " Neuertheless my hoope is, that al the world shal knowe, that pow[cr] in re- 
 quiting, hath rather fayled mee then will. Therfor pardon mee I beseech you, 
 if wanting meanes to discharge the debt I owe I am constreined to runn on the 
 old skoare, & to spende slil out of your L^'p' stocke. 
 
 " I haue at length sent his Ma'y an abstract of such Gentlemfens] names, as 
 are in greatest accompt in Englande. The greatest part wherof are knowne 
 vnto my self : the rest I haue had intelligence of, by many wary questions, & sun- 
 dry relations, of thoose, that weer well assured of that which they informed. 
 And concerning the Apologetical preface, I haue deliuered my opinion, wherin 
 I jumpe just with your I/p^ censure therof : hooping that h[is]highnes will take 
 your woord in my behalfe, that my difference jn the forme of an Apology, 
 springeth not from any spirit of contra[dic]tion, but from the obedience I owe, to 
 aunswer, truly, vnto euery demaunde his Majesty shal propounde vnto mee. 
 Also I haue sent a discoursiue aunswer vnto certeyne questions : wherin I sup- 
 poo[se] that though p'baps I may seeme to shoote at reuers, I haue not sholt 
 very wide from the marke. Our Queene is iriibled 7u[M] a Rhavme in her ariiie, 
 which vexdh her very much : baides the greefe shee hath conceincd for ?ny Ld of
 
 Postcripl. Ixxxi 
 
 Essrx his deatJie, shee deepeth not soniuck by day as shee used, nether taketh rest by 
 ni^ht : her delight is to sit in the darke, &^ sometimes with sheddinge of tears to 
 bnuayle Essex. This is the reason, that wee haue so many horses about Lon- 
 don : the particularitie wherof I refer to Mr. Foules. In any case let mee in- 
 treate you to sollicite his Ma% to send often, & though the jorney bee longe, & 
 peynefull, I doubt not, but that Mr. Foules, will gladly vndertake the charge, 
 wherin so good seruice may bee performed. For it is expedient that the mes- 
 senger bee skilful in our present estate, trusted by us, & knowne to bee confi- 
 denle with the kinge. Concerning my self, or the seruice which I may per- 
 forme, ether in tiiis place, or any whatso euer, I protest that I remayne firme, 
 & ready to bee imployed, whensoeuer his Majesty, shal grace mee with his com- 
 maundement. For I breathe no other contentment, then that, which may turne 
 to the aduancement of so gratious a Prince, & the ease of this distressed Cuntry. 
 In what state wee stande at this present, may better bee related by Mr. Foules, 
 QuLvcjue ipse miserrima vidit, then by a short narration of perpetual woes. 
 
 "Tiierfor I will aducrtise your Lp, of your owne affaire : wherin I haue tra- 
 ueyled to the vttermoast of my power, & gotten a particular information of al 
 Caris proceedings touching Whorlton. The common voice of the Tennants is, 
 that hee payed only a looo marks to the Queene : but hauing conferred with 
 himself, I founde him much discontented as hee pretended, for the great price 
 hee had payed Videlicet : 1800' : But I beleue him not therin. Neither doth 
 3 ; or I thinke it fitt that any thirde person should compounde with him for it. 
 For it is certeyne that seing it is already leased, it wil not bee bought but at aa 
 vnreasonable rate : & the tyme wil come when hee wilbee glad to take half the 
 money hee hath disbursed for his interest therin. The Queene hath sold a 
 greate part of the Duchy of Cornwell & Lancaster, which landes must ether bee 
 recalled, as wee haue a president therof in Henry the fourths tyme, or bought 
 agayne to vnite them to the Crowne. I haue sent your Lp a draught of the 
 suruay of Whorlton, which I gott cunningly out of the Checker. Likewise you 
 
 shal receiue a coppy of a Letters Patterns, taken out of the which is 
 
 counted to conteyne the moast general woordes, that may bee used in a good & 
 perfect assurance. And albeit t[hat] the name of a Rectory agree not with your 
 Manors, it importeth not, seing that mutatis mutandis, forasmuch [as] concem- 
 eth the names, the whole process of the graunle is to [be] obserued. I fcare 
 that you can hardly reade itt, for it is written in badd Lattin, & abbreuiations, 
 which is the man[ner] of the clarks that coppy any recorde out of the Chaun- 
 cery. The graunte you sent mee with the clause of renewinge the Letters pat- 
 tents in Die Illo. is held to bee better then any other assurance that can nowe 
 bee made by the kinge. I will deteyne your Lp no longer : beseeching you to 
 build upon that good foundation of my affection, which your merite hath firmely 
 layd. For my desir is to streyne my vttermoast ability, to bee alvvais the for- 
 most in 
 
 Your Lp= Seruice. "
 
 Ixxxii Postcript. 
 
 G. Page Ixi. 
 Shakespeare Censured. 
 
 I refer to Flenry Chettle's England's Mounting Garment, 
 &c. (1603). In this somewhat remarkable celebration of 
 Elizabeth, Shakespeare, as author of the Rape of Lucrece, is 
 thus appealed to : 
 
 " Nor cloth the siluer tonged Mehcert 
 Drop from his honied mufe one fable teare 
 To mourne her death that graced his defert, 
 And to his laies opend lier Royall eare. 
 Shepheard remember our Elizabeth, 
 And sing her Rape, done by that Tarquin, Death." 
 
 Is it accidental that CHAPMAN and Marston — other two 
 of the authors of the "new compositions," be it noted — are 
 similarly censured and urged ? Could these lines in Chettle 
 be possibly meant to hit at Chester and the "new com- 
 positions " ? 
 
 " worfl of worfl, 
 
 Bayards and beafls accnrfl, with grofeft flattery nurfl: 
 Haue fang her facred name, and praif'd her to their fiiame. 
 
 Who was our last and first." 
 
 H. Page Ixxii. 
 Errata of the Original. 
 
 Page 12, St. 3, 1. 2, comma after 'springs' instead of period 
 (.) — corrected. 
 „ 13, St. 3, 1. 2, comma after 'flower' instead of period 
 (.) — corrected. 
 ibid., St. 4, 1. I, 'yee' for 'yea' — corrected. 
 „ 14, St. I, 1. 4, 'Venus' printed ' Venvs' — corrected. 
 ,, 22, numbered 41 instead of 14 — corrected. 
 „ 23, To tJiofc of light belcefe — st. i, 1. 5, no comma after 
 ' conceit * — corrected. 
 ibid., St. 2, 1. 5, comma after 'find' — corrected. 
 „ JJ, St. 2, 1. 6, no stop after ' fpight ' — corrected. 
 „ 83, lohannis Leylandij, &c., 1. 12, the comma after 
 'petit.'
 
 Postcript. Ixxxiii 
 
 Pa^^c 89, Heading — 'Dialgue' for 'Dialogue' — corre:ted. 
 „ 92, St. 1, 1. 3, no comma after 'enchantment' — corrected. 
 „ 104, St. 3, 1. 2, 'gods' for 'godd[es]s.' 
 „ III, numbered ' loi ' — corrected to ' 103.' 
 „ 113, St. I, 1. 3, 'cle' for 'clere,' and 1. 6, 'the m' for 'the 
 
 m[inde].' 
 „ 128, St. I, 1. I, 'Memnodides' should have been 'Mem- 
 
 nonides ' certainly. 
 „ 131, St. 2, 1. 3, 'fometing' for 'fomething' — corrected 
 , 137, St. 4, 1. 4, ' fecrecly ' for 'fecretly.' 
 „ 142, 143, are mis-numbered ' 118 'and '119' for ' 134 
 
 and '135 ' — corrected. 
 „ 153 to 175, numbered 141 to 163 for 145 to 167 — 
 
 corrected. 
 „ 167, margin — 1. 14, ' feele ' for * feele,' and 1. 20, ' poreft ' 
 
 for ' purefl ' — corrected. 
 „ 179-195, are mis-numbered 167 to 183 for 171 to 1S7 — 
 
 corrected. 
 See also various suggestions and criticisms in the Notes 
 and Illustrations. A comma at the end of a line was a 
 favorite contemporary punctuation. 
 
 Errata of our Reprint. 
 
 Page II, St. 3, 1. I, put comma after 'thing.* 
 29, St. I, 1. 4, spell 'keepe' for 'keep.* 
 31, St. 2, 1. 4, spell 'harmeleffe' for 'harmleffe.* 
 34, St. I, 1. I, put comma after ' Elficda! 
 
 37, St. 4, 1. 7, spell ' deedes' for 'deeds.' 
 
 38, St. 4, 1. 2, spell 'tooke ' for 'took.' 
 
 43, 1. 7, spell ' ovvne ' for ' own.* 
 
 44, heading, 1. 2, put comma after 'Coronation.' 
 47, 1. 3, spell 'Htle' for 'little,' and st. i, 1. 2, 'wcl' for 
 
 'well.' 
 77, St. 2, 1. I, spell 'batteir for 'battel' 
 y^, St. I, 1. I, spell 'prepar'd' for 'prepared.'
 
 Ixxxiv Postcript. 
 
 Page 84, I. 8, read 'ofFfprlng' for ' off fp ring,' and 1. ii, spell 
 
 ' fvveete ' for ' fvveet.' 
 „ 85, Hee endeth, &c., 1. 2, put comma after ' feate.' 
 „ 93, St. 4, I. 3, put comma after ' Hercules.' 
 „ 96, St. 2, 1. 5, capital to 'Fiihes'; and st. 4, 1. i, spell 
 
 ' lacke ' for ' lack.' 
 „ 98, St. 3, 1. 7, spell 'verie' for 'very.' 
 „ 108, St. 2, 1. 2, spell 'Turbut' for 'Turbot.' 
 „ 112, St. 4, 1. 6, spell 'food ' for ' foode.' 
 „ 115, St. 2, 1. 4, spell ' meatc ' for ' meat' 
 „ 127, St. 2, 1. 5, put comma after 'way.' 
 „ 128, St. 5, 1. 3, spell 'dayly' for 'daily.' 
 „ 168, St. 3, 1. 5, spell 'tels' for 'tells.' 
 „ 172, St. 2, 1. 6, spell 'fauoring' for 'fauouring.' 
 „ 194, Heading of Ode — I have extended the contrac 
 
 tions for gv and err. 
 
 A. B. G.
 
 ROBERT CHESTER'S 
 
 LOVE'S MARTYR, 1601, 
 
 WITH 
 
 SHAKSPERE'S " PHCENIX AND TURTLE," 
 
 ETC., ETC.
 
 LOVES MARTYR: 
 
 OR, 
 
 ROSALINS COMPLAINT. 
 
 A Ikfrorically JJtadowing the truth of Loite^ 
 
 in the constant Fate of the Phoenix 
 
 and Turtle. 
 
 A Poeme enterlaced with much varletie and raritie ; 
 
 now first translated out of the venerable Itatian Torquato 
 
 CseHano, by Robert Chester. 
 
 With the true legend of famous King Arthur, the last of the nine 
 
 Worthies, being the firft.^7?^' of a new BrytiJJi Poet: colleclcd 
 
 out of diuerse Authenticall Records. 
 
 To these are added some nezv compositions, of seuerall moderne Writers 
 
 whose 7iames are subscribed to their seuerall workes, vpon the 
 
 first JubieB : viz. the Phoenix and 
 
 Turtle. 
 
 Mar: — Mutare dominum non potefi liber notus* 
 
 LONDON 
 
 Imprinted for E. B. 
 
 I 60 I.
 
 TO THE HONORA- 
 
 ble, and (of me before all other) 
 
 honored Knight, Sir yohn Salisbiirie 
 
 one of the Esquires of the boclle to the 
 
 Queenes most excelkftt Maiesiie, Robert 
 
 Chester wisheth increase of vertue 
 
 and Jionour. 
 
 Pofse & nolle, nobile. 
 
 Onorable Sir, hauing ac- 
 cording to the dire(5tions 
 of some of my best-min- 
 ded friends, finished my 
 long exped:ed labour ; 
 knowing this ripe iudging 
 world to be full of enuie, euery one (as 
 sound reason requireth) thinking his owne 
 child to be fairest although an Ethiopian, 
 I am emboldened to put my infant wit to 
 the eye of the world vnder your protecftio 
 
 A3
 
 THE EPISTLE DEDICATORIE. 
 
 knowing that if Absurditic like a thecfe 
 haue crept into any part of these Poems, 
 your well-graced name will ouer-shadow 
 these defaults, and the knowne Caracter of 
 your vertues, cause the common back-bi- 
 ting enemiesofgoodspirits,tobesilent. To 
 the World I put my Child to nurse, at the 
 expence of your fauour, whose glorie will 
 stop the mouthes of the vulgar, and I hope 
 cause the learned to rocke it asleepe (for 
 your sake) in the bosome of good wil. Thus 
 wishing you all the blefsings of heauen and 
 earth ; I end. 
 
 Yours in all f entice, 
 
 Ro, Chester.
 
 The Atithors request to 
 the Phcenix. 
 
 Hos?nx of beatitie, beatiteoiis Bird of any 
 To thee I do entitle all my labour. 
 More precious in nmie eye by far then many, 
 That feedfl all earthly fences with thy faiwnr : 
 Accept my home-writ pj^aifes of thy lotie, 
 And kijid acceptance of thy Turtle-doue. 
 
 Some dcepe-read fcholler fam d for Poetrie, 
 Whofe wit-enchantitig verfe defcrneth fame. 
 Should fing of thy perfe^ions pafsing beautie, 
 And eleuate thy famous worthy 7iame : 
 Yet I the leaf, and meanefl in degree, 
 Endeuoured hane to pleafe in praifing thee. 
 
 R. Chefter. 
 
 ^'it'^ ^It*'®^ ^1^^ .^iSi^l^^l?^ ff 
 
 31
 
 WW. 
 
 
 To the kind Reader. 
 
 OF bloudy warres, nor of the facke of Troy, 
 (9/"Pryams m2irdi'edfonnes, ?ior Didoesy^//, 
 6y Hellens rape, by Paris Troian boy, 
 Of C^fars vifiories, nor Pompeys thrall, 
 Of Lucrece rape, being ranifit by a King^ 
 Of none of thefe, of fweete Conceit I fing. 
 
 Then (gentle Reader) oiier-reade my Mife., 
 That amies herfelfe to fie a lozuly fight, 
 My vntiin d fringed verfe do thou excnfe. 
 That may perhaps accepted, yeeld delight: 
 I ca?inot clime in praifes to the skie. 
 Leaf falling, I be drown d with infaniie. 
 
 Mea mccum Porto. 
 
 R. Cli.
 
 
 THE 
 
 Anuals of great 
 
 Brittaine. 
 
 O R, 
 
 A MOST EXCEL- 
 
 lent Monument, wherein may be 
 
 feene all the antiquities of this Kiiig- 
 
 dome, to the fatisfa(5lion both of the 
 
 Vniuerfitles, or any other place ftir- 
 
 red with Emulation of long 
 
 continuance. 
 
 Excellently figured oiU in a worthy Poem, 
 
 LONDON 
 
 Printed for Mathew Lownes. 
 
 I 6 I I
 
 ROSALINS COM- 
 PLAINT, METAPHOR!- 
 
 cally applied to Dame Nature at a Parlia- 
 
 vient held (in the high Star-chauiber ) by the 
 
 Gods, for the preferuation and increafe of 
 
 Earths beauteous Phamix. 
 
 ASolemne day of meeting mongft the Gods, 
 And royall parHament there was ordained : 
 The hcauenly Synod was at open ods, 
 And many harts with earthly wrongs were pained ? 
 Some came to craue excufe, fome to complaim: 
 Of heauie burdend griefes they did fuftaine. 
 
 Vejla she told, her Temple was defiled : 
 hino how that her nuptiall knot was broken ; 
 Vemis from her fonne Cupid was exiled : 
 And Pallas tree with ignorance was fhoken : 
 Bellona rau'd at Lordlfke cowardice, 
 And Cupid that fond Ladies were fo nice. 
 
 To this Affembly came Dame Nature weeping, 
 And with her handkercher through Avet with teares, 
 She dried her rofie cheekes, made pale with fighing, 
 Hanging her wofull head, head full of feares : 
 And to lojics felfe plac'd in a golden fcate. 
 She kneeld her downe, and thus gan to intreate : 
 
 Thou mightie Imperator of the earth, 
 Thou euer-liuing Regent of the aire, 
 That to all creatures giu'ft a liuely breath, 
 
 B 
 
 o
 
 2 Rofalins complaint. 
 
 And thundreft wrath downe from thy firie chaire, 
 Behold thy handmaid, king of earthly kings, 
 That to thy gracious fight fad tidings brings. 
 
 One rare rich Plurnix of exceeding beautie, 
 One none-like Lillie in the earth I placed ; 
 One faire Helena, to whom men owe dutie : 
 One countrey with a milke-white Doue I graced : 
 
 One and none fuch, fince the wide world was found 
 Hath euer Nature placed on the ground. 
 
 Head. Her head I framed of a heauenly map, 
 
 Wherein the feuenfold vertues were enclofed, 
 When great Apollo flept within my lap, 
 And in my bofome had his reft repofed, 
 I cut away his locks of pureft gold, 
 And plac'd them on her head of earthly mould. 
 
 Haire, When the leaft whiftling wind begins to fing, 
 
 And gently blowes her haire about her necke. 
 Like to a chime of bels it foft doth ring, 
 And with the pretie noife the wind doth checke, 
 Able to lull afleepe a penfiue hart, 
 That of the round worlds forrowes beares a part. 
 
 Forehead. Her forehead is a place for princely lotie 
 To fit, and cenfure matters of import : 
 Wherein men reade the fweete conceipts of Loue, 
 To which hart-pained Louers do refort. 
 
 And in this Tablet find to cure the wound, 
 For which no falue or herbe was euer found. 
 
 • Vnder 
 
 lO
 
 Rolalins complaint 3 
 
 Vnder this mirrour, are lier princely eyes : Eyes. 
 
 Two Carbuncles, two rich imperiall lights ; 
 That ore the day and night do foueraignize, 
 And their dimme tapers to their reft flie frights : 
 
 Her eyes excell the Moone and glorious Sonne, 
 
 And when flie rifeth al their force is donne. 
 
 Her morning-coloured cheekes, in which is plac'd, Chcekes. 
 
 A Lillie lying in a bed of Rofes ; 
 
 This part aboue all other I haue grac'd, 
 
 For in the blew veines you may reade fweet pofies : 
 When fhe doth blufh, the Heauens do wax red, 
 When file lookes pale, that heauenly Front is dead. 
 
 Her chinne a litle litle pretie thing Chinne, 
 
 In which the fweet carnatian Gelli-flower, 
 
 Is round encompaft in a chriflall ring, 
 
 And of that pretie Orbe doth beare a power : 
 
 No ftorme of Enuie can this glorie touch, 
 
 Though many fliould affay it ouermuch. 
 
 Her lippes two rubie Gates from whence doth fpring, Lippes. 
 
 Sweet honied deaw by an intangled kiffe, 
 
 From forth thefe glories doth the Night-bird fmg, 
 
 A Nightingale that no right notes will miffe : 
 
 True learned Eloquence and Poetric, 
 
 Do come betwene thefe dores of excellencie. 
 
 Her teeth are hewed from rich cr^'ftal Rockes, Teeth. 
 
 Or from the Indian pearle of much efteem, 
 Thefe in a clofet her deep counfell lockes, 
 
 B 2 
 
 It
 
 4 Rofalins complaint 
 
 And are as porters to so faire a Queene, 
 They tafte the diet of the heau'nly traine, 
 Other bafe groffeneffe they do ftill difdaine. 
 
 Tongue. Her tongue the vtterer of all glorious things, 
 The filuer clapper of that golden bell, 
 That neuer foundeth but to mightie Kings, 
 And when fhe fpeakes, her fpeeches do excell : 
 He in a happie chaire himfelfe doth place, 
 Whofe name with her fweet tongue flie means to grace. 
 
 NecJcc. Her necke is Vejlas filuer condui£l pipe, 
 
 In which flie powers perfe6l chaftitie, 
 And of the muskie grapes in fommer ripe, 
 She makes a liquor of ratietie, 
 
 That dies this fwanne-like piller to a white, 
 More glorious then the day with all his light. 
 
 Breajics. Her breafts two cryftal orbes of whiteft white, 
 
 Two little mounts from whence lifes comfort fprings. 
 Between thofe hillockes Cupid doth delight 
 To fit and play, and in that valley fings : 
 
 Looking loue-babies in her wanton eyes, 
 That all groffe vapours thence doth chaftefize. 
 
 Ar7nes. Her armes are branches of that filuer tree, 
 That men furname the rich Hejperides, 
 A precious circling fhew of modeftie. 
 When fhe doth fpread thefe glories happines : 
 
 Ten times ten thoufand bleffings he doth tafte, 
 Whofe circled armes fliall cling about her wafte. 
 
 Her 
 
 \2
 
 Rofalins complaint. 
 
 Her hands are fortunes palmes, where men may rcadc 
 His first houres dcftiny, or wcale or woe, 
 When file this sky-hke map abroad doth fpreade, 
 Like pilg-rimes many to this Saint do go, 
 
 And in her hand, white hand, they there do fee 
 
 Loue lying in a bed of yuorie. 
 
 Her fingers long and fmall do grace her hand ; 
 For when flie toucheth the fweete founding Lute, 
 The wild vntamed bcafts amaz'd do ftand. 
 And carroll-chanting birds are fudden mute : 
 O fingers how you grace the filuer wires, 
 And in humanitie burne Ve?izis fires ! 
 
 Hands. 
 
 Fuigers. 
 
 Her bellie (6 grace incomprehenfible) Bellie. 
 
 Far whiter then the milke-white lillie flower. 
 
 O might Arabian PJianix come inuifible, 
 
 And on this mountaine build a glorious bower, 
 Then Sunne and Moone as tapers to her bed, 
 Would light loues Lord to take her maidenhead. 
 
 Be flill my thoughts, be filent all yee Mufes, Nota. 
 
 Wit-flowing eloquence now grace my tongue : 
 
 Arife old Houicr and make no excufes. 
 
 Of a rare peece of art muft be my fong, 
 
 Of more then moft, and moft of all beloued. 
 About the which Venus fweete doues haue houered. 
 
 There is a place in louely paradize, 
 From whence the golden GcJion ouerflowes, 
 A fountaine of fuch honorable prize, 
 
 B 3 
 
 13
 
 6 Rofalins complaint. 
 
 That none the facred, facred vertues knowes, 
 Walled about, betok'ning fure defence, 
 With trees of life, to keepe bad errors thence. 
 
 Thighes. Her Thighs two pillers fairer far then faire, 
 Two vnderprops of that celeftiall houfe, 
 That Manfion that is lunos filuer chaire, 
 In which Auibrofia VENUS doth caroufe, 
 
 And in her thighs the prety veines are running 
 
 Like Chriftall riuers from the maine ftreames flowing. 
 
 Legges. Her legges are made as graces to the reft, 
 So pretie, white, and fo proportionate, 
 That leades her to loues royall fportiue neft, 
 Like to a light bright Angel in her gate : 
 
 For why no creature in the earth but flie, 
 
 Is like an Angell, Angell let her be. 
 
 Feete. Her Feete (now draw I to conclufion) 
 
 Are neat and litle to delight the eye, 
 
 No tearme in all humane inuention, 
 
 Or in the veine of fweet writ Poetrie 
 
 Can ere be found, to giue her feet that grace, 
 
 That beares her corporate Soule from place to place. 
 
 And if by night flie walke, the Marigold, 
 
 That doth inclofe the glorie of her eye. 
 
 At her approch her beauty doth vnfold, 
 
 And fpreads her felfe in all her royaltie, 
 
 Such vertue hath this Phoenix glaffy fhield. 
 
 That Floures and Herbs at her faire fight do yeeld. 
 
 And 
 
 14
 
 Rofalins complaint. 7 
 
 And if flie grace the Walkcs within the day, 
 Flora doth fprcade an Arras cloth of flowers, 
 Before her do the prety Satires play, 
 And make her banquets in their leauic Bowers : 
 
 Head, Haire, Brow, Eyes, Cheeks, Chin and all, 
 i^ippes. Teeth, Tong, Neck, Brefls, Belly are maiefticall. 
 
 This Phccnix I do feare me will decay, 
 
 And from her aflies neuer will arife 
 
 An other Bird her wings for to difplay. 
 
 And her rich beauty for to equalize : 
 
 The Arabian fiers are too dull and bafe, 
 To make another fpring within her place. 
 
 Therefore dread Regent of thefe Elements, 
 
 Pitie poore Nature in her Art excelling, 
 
 Giue thou an humble eare to my laments, 
 
 That to thee haue a long true tale beene telling, 
 Of her, who when it pleafe thee to behold, 
 Her outward fight fhall bewties pride vnfold. 
 
 At thefe words loiic flood as a man amazed, 
 And hmos loue-bred bewtie turnd to wight, 
 Venus fhe bluflit, and on dame Nature gazed. 
 And Vcjia fhe began to weepe outright : 
 
 And little Cupid poore boy ftrucke in loue, 
 
 With repetition of this earthly Done. 
 
 But at the laft loue gan to roufe his fpirit, 
 And told dam 2 Nature in her fweet difcourfe ; 
 Her womans Toung did run before her Wit, 
 
 B4 
 
 T??
 
 8 Rofalins complaint. 
 
 Such a faire foule her felfe could neuer nurfe, 
 Nor in the vaftie earth was euer lining, 
 Such beauty that all beauty was excelling. 
 
 Nature was ftrucke with pale temeritie, 
 
 To fee the God of thunders lightning eyes ; 
 
 He fliooke his knotty haire fo wrathfully, 
 
 As if he did the heauenly rout defpife : 
 
 Then downe vpon her knee dame Nature fals, 
 And on the great gods name aloud flie cals, 
 
 loite thou flialt fee my commendations, 
 
 To be vnworthie and impartiall, 
 
 To make of her an extallation, 
 
 Whofe beauty is deuine maiefticall ; 
 
 Looke on that painted pi6lure there, behold 
 The rich wrought Phcenix o{ Arabian gold. 
 
 loucs eyes were fetled on her painted eyes, 
 loite blufliing fmil'd, the pi£lure fmil'd againe : 
 loue fpoke to her, and in his heart did rife 
 Loues amours, but the pi6lure did difdaine 
 
 To loue the god, lone would haue ftole a kiffe, 
 
 But Iimo being by, denyed him this. 
 
 When all the reft beheld this counterfeit, 
 
 They knew the fubftance was of rarer price : 
 
 Some gaz'd vpon her face, on which did waite 
 
 As mcffengers, her two celeftiall eyes ; 
 
 Eyes wanting fire, did giue a lightning flame, 
 
 How much more would her eyes mans fences tame ? 
 
 Then 
 
 i6
 
 Kolalins complaint. 
 
 Then all the Gods and Goddcffes did decree, 
 In humble manor to intreat of lone 
 And cuery power vpon his bended knee, 
 Shewd faithfull feruice in dame Natures loue, 
 Intreating him to pacific his Ire, 
 And raife another Phcenix of new fire. 
 
 Her pi6lure from loues eyes hath banifiit Hate, 
 And Mildneffe plaind the furrowes of his brow, 
 Her painted (hape hath chaflifed debate. 
 And now to pleafure them he makes a vow : 
 
 Then thus lone fpake, tis pittie fhe fhould die, 
 And leaue no offpring of her Progenie. 
 
 Nature go hie thee, get thee Phcebiis chaire, 
 Cut through the skie, and leaue Arabia, 
 Leaue that ii working peece of fruitleffe ayre, 
 Leaue me the plaines of white Brytajiia, 
 
 Thefe countries haue no fire to raife that flame, 
 That to this Phoenix bird can yeeld a name. 
 
 There is a country Clymat fam'd of old, 
 That hath to name delightfome PapJios He, 
 Ouer the mountaine tops to trudge be bold, 
 There let thy winged Horfes reft awhile : 
 Where in a vale like Cipariffiis groue, 
 Thou flialt behold a fecond P/uvnix loue, 
 
 A champion country full of fertill Plaines, 
 Green graffie Medowes, little prettie Hils, 
 Aboundant plealure in this place remaines, 
 C 
 
 17
 
 lo Rofalins complaint 
 
 And plenteous fweetes this heauenly clymat filles : 
 Faire flowing bathes that iffue from the rockes, 
 Aboundant heards of beafts that come by flockes. 
 
 High ftately Caedars, fturdie bigge arm'd Okes, 
 Great Poplers, and long trees of Libanon, 
 Sweete fmelling Firre that frankenfence prouokes, 
 And Pine apples from whence fweet iuyce doth come : 
 The fommer-blooming Hauthorne ; vnder this 
 Faire Vcmcs from Adonis flole a kiffe. 
 
 Fine Thickets and rough Brakes for fport and pleafure, 
 Places to hunt the light-foote nimble Roe : 
 Thefe groues Diana did account her treafure, 
 And in the cold fliades, oftentimes did goe 
 
 To lie her downe, faint, weary on the ground, 
 Whileft that her Nimphs about her daunft a round. 
 
 A quire of heauenly Angels tune their voyces, 
 And counterfeit the Nightingale in finging, 
 At which delight fome pleafure flie reioyces. 
 And Plenty from her cell her gifts is bringing : 
 
 Peares, Apples, Plums, and the red ripe Cherries, 
 Sweet Strawberries with other daintie berries. 
 
 Here haunt the Satyres and the Driades, 
 
 The Haniadriades and pretie Flues, 
 
 That in the groues with skipping many pleafe, 
 
 And runne along vpon the water flielues : 
 
 Heare Merniaides fing, but with Ulyffcs eares, 
 The country Gallants do difdaine their teares. 
 
 The 
 
 18
 
 Rofalins complaint 
 
 The Crocadile and hiffing Adders fting, 
 May not come nccre this holy plot of ground, 
 No Nightvvorme in this continent may fing, 
 Nor poifon-fpitting Serpent may be found : 
 
 Here Milke and Hony like two riuers ran, 
 
 As fruitefuU as the land of Canaan. 
 
 What fliall I fay ? their Orchards fpring with plentie, 
 
 The Gardens fmell like Floj^as paradice, 
 
 Bringing increafe from one to number twentie, 
 
 As Lycorice and fweet Arabian fpice : 
 
 No place is found vnder bright heauens faire bliffe, 
 To beare the name oi Paradife but this. 
 
 Hard by a running ftreame or cryftall fountaine, 
 Wherein rich Orient pearle is often found, 
 Enuiron'd with a high and fleepie mountaine, 
 A fcrtill foile and fruitful plot of ground, 
 
 There flialt thou find true Honors louely Sqnire^ 
 That for this Phcenix keepes Prometheus fire. 
 
 His bower wherein he lodgeth all the night, 
 Is fram'd of Csedars and high loftie Pine, 
 I made his houfe to chaftice thence defpight. 
 And fram'd it like this heauenly roofe of mine: 
 His name is Liberall honor, and his hart, 
 Aymes at true faithful! feruice and defart. 
 
 Looke on his face, and in his browes doth fit, 
 Bloud and fweete Mercie hand in hand vnited, 
 Bloud to his foes, a prefident most fit 
 
 C 2 
 
 19
 
 12 Rolalins complaint. 
 
 For fuch as haue his gentle humour fpited : 
 
 His Haire is curl'd by nature mild and mceke, 
 Hangs careleffe downe to flirowd a blufliing cheeke 
 
 Glue him this Ointment to annoint his Head, 
 This precious Balme to lay vnto his feet, 
 Thefe fliall direft him to this Phanix bed. 
 Where on a high hill he this Bird fliall meet : 
 
 And of their Afhes by my doome shal rife, 
 
 Another Phccnix her to equalize. 
 
 This faid the Gods and Goddeffes did applaud, 
 The Cenfure of this thundring Magiftrate, 
 And Nature gaue him euerlafting laud, 
 And quickly in the dayes bright Coach fhe gate 
 
 Downe to the earth, fhe's whirled through the ayre ; 
 
 louc ioyne thefe fires, thus Venus made her prayer. 
 
 G 
 
 An Introduction to the Prayer. 
 
 Vide thou great Guider of the Sunne and Moone, 
 Thou elementall fauourer of the Night, 
 My vndeferued wit, wit fprong too foone, 
 To giue thy greatneffe euerie gracious right : 
 
 Let Pen, Hand, Wit and vndeferuing tongue, 
 A Thy praife and honor fing in euerie fong. 
 
 In my poore prayer guide my Hand aright, 
 Guide my dull Wit, guide all my dulled Senfes, 
 Let thy bright Taper giue me faithfull light, 
 
 And 
 
 2d
 
 A Prayer. 13 
 
 And from thy Booke of life blot my offences : 
 
 Then arm'd with thy protc6lion and thy loue, 
 lie make my prayer for thy Turtle-doue. 
 
 o 
 
 A Prayer made for the profperitie of 
 
 a filuer coloured Doue, applyed to the 
 
 beauteous Phceiiix. 
 
 Thou great maker of the firmament, 
 
 That rid'ft vpon the winged Chembins, 
 
 And on the glorious fhining element, 
 
 Hear'fl the fad praiers of the SerapJiins, 
 
 That vnto thee continually fing Hymnes : 
 
 Bow downe thy liftning eares thou God of might, 
 To him whofe heart will praife thee day and night. 
 
 Accept the humble Praiers of that foule. 
 That now lies wallowing in the myre of Sinne, 
 Thy mercie Lord doth all my powers controule, 
 And fearcheth reines and heart that are within : 
 Therefore to thee IcJionah He begin : 
 
 Lifting my head from my imprifoned graue, 
 No mercie but thy mercie me can faue. 
 
 The foule vntamed Lion ftill goes roring, 
 Old hell-bread Sathan enemy to mankind, 
 To leade me to his iawes that are deuouring, 
 Wherein no Grace to humane flefli's affign'd, 
 
 C 3 
 
 21
 
 14 A Prayer. 
 
 But thou celeftiall Father canft him bind : 
 
 Tread on his head, tread Sinne and Sathan downe, 
 
 And on thy feruants head fet Mercies crowne. 
 
 Thus in acceptance of thy glorious fight, 
 I purge my deadly finne in hope of grace, 
 Thou art the Doore, the Lanthorne and the Light, 
 To guide my finfuU feete from place to place, 
 And now O Chrift I bow before thy face : 
 
 And for the filuer coloured earthly Doue, 
 
 I make my earneft prayer for thy loue. 
 
 Shrowde her 6 Lord vnder thy fliadowed wings, 
 
 F^om the worlds enuious malice and deceit, 
 
 That like the adder-poifoned ferpent ftings, 
 
 And in her way layes a corrupted baite, 
 
 Yet raife her God vnto thy mercies height : 
 
 Guide her, 6 guide her from pernitious foes, 
 That many of thy creatures ouerthrowes. 
 
 Wafh her O Lord with Hyfope and with Thime, 
 And the white fnow fhe fliall excell in whiteneffe. 
 Purge her with mercie from all finfull crime, 
 And her foules glorie fliall exceed in brightneffe, 
 O let thy mercie grow vnto such ripeneffe : 
 Behold her, O behold her gratious King, 
 That vnto thee fweet fongs of praife will fing. 
 
 And as thou leadft through the red coloured wanes, 
 
 The hoaft of thy ele6led Ifrael, 
 
 And from the wrath of Pharoe didft them faue, 
 
 Appoin- 
 
 22
 
 A Prayer. 15 
 
 Appointing them within that land to dwell, 
 
 A chofen land, a land what did excell : 
 
 So guide thy filuer Doue vnto that place, 
 Where Ihe Temptations enuie may outface. 
 
 Increafe thy gifts befhowed on thy Creature, 
 
 And multiply thy bleffmgs manifold, 
 
 And as thou haft adorned her with nature, 
 
 So with thy bleffed eyes her eyes behold, 
 
 That in them doth thy workmanfliip vnfold, 
 Let her not wither Lord without increafe, 
 But bleffe her with ioyes of fpring of fvveet peace. 
 
 Amen. Amen. 
 
 To thofe of light beleefe. 
 
 Y On gentle fanottrers of excelling Mufes, 
 And grace^'s of all Learning and Defart, 
 You ivhofe Conceit t/ie deepefl ivorke perjijes, 
 Whofe Iiidgements fiill are goiierned by Art: 
 
 Reade gently what you reade, this next conceit. 
 Framed of pure lone, aba7tdoning deceit. 
 
 And you whofe diill Imaginatio7i, 
 
 A nd blind conceited Error hath not knowne, 
 
 Of Hcrbes and Trees true nomination, 
 
 But thinke them fabulous that Jhall be fJioivne : 
 
 Learne more, fearch much, and furely you fJiall find 
 Plaine honefl Truth and Knozvledge comes beJiind. 
 
 Then gently {gentle Reader) do thoufauour, 
 C4
 
 15 
 
 A Dialofrue, 
 
 Nature, 
 
 Phcenix. 
 
 Nature. 
 
 A nd zvitk a gracious looke grace what is written, 
 Withjmiling cheare perufe my homely labour, 
 With Enuies poifoned fpitefull looke not bitten : 
 
 So JJialt thou ca?ife my tvilling thought to Jlriue, 
 To adde more Honey to my new-made Hiue. 
 
 A 
 
 A meeting Dialogue-wife betweene Na- 
 ture, the Phcznix, and the Turtle Done. 
 
 -LI haile faire Phcenix, whither art thou flying ? 
 Why in the hot Sunne doft thou fpread thy wings ? 
 More pleafure fhouldft thou take in cold fliades lying, 
 And for to bathe thyfelfe in wholfome Springs, 
 Where the woods feathered quier fweetely fings : 
 
 Thy golden Wings and thy breads beauteous Eie, 
 
 Will fall away in Phcebus royaltie. 
 
 O flay me not, I am no Phcenix I, 
 And if Ibe that bird, I am defaced, 
 Vpon the Arabian mountaines I muft die, 
 And neuer with a poore yong Turtle graced ; 
 Such operation in me is not placed : 
 
 What is my Beautie but a painted wal, 
 My golden fpreading Feathers quickly fal. 
 
 Why doft thou fhead thy Feathers, kill thy Heart, 
 Weep out thine Eyes, and ftaine thy golden Face ? 
 Why doft thou of the worlds woe take a part, 
 And in relenting teares thy felfe difgrace ? 
 loyes mirthful Tower is thy dwelling place ; 
 
 All
 
 A Dialogue. 17 
 
 All Birdcs for vertue and excelling beautie, 
 Sing at thy rcucrcnd feet in Louc and Dutie. 
 
 Oh how thou fccd'll me with my Beauties praifiiig! Plumix. 
 
 O how thy Praife founds from a golden Toung! 
 
 how thy Toung my Vertues would be raifmgl 
 And raifing me thou doft corrupt thy fong ; 
 Thou feefb not Plonie and Poifon mixt among ; 
 
 Thou not'ft my Beautie with a iealous looke, 
 But doft not fee how I do bayte my hooke. 
 
 Tell me, 6 tell me, for I am thy friend, Nature. 
 
 1 am Dame Nature that firft gaue thee breath, 
 That from loiies glorious rich feate did defcend, 
 To fet my Feete vpon this lumpifli earth : 
 What is the caufe of thy fad fullen Mirth ? 
 
 Hafl thou not Beauty, Vertue, Wit and Fauour : 
 What other graces would'lT: thou craue of Nature ? 
 
 What is my Beauty but a vading Flower ? riixiiix. 
 
 Wherein men reade their deep-conceiued Thrall, 
 
 Alluring twentie Gallants in an hower, 
 
 To be as feruile vaffalls at my Call ? 
 
 My Sunne-bred lookes their Senfes do exhall : 
 
 But (6 my griefe) where my faire Eyes would loue, 
 Foule blearc-eyed Enuie doth my thoughts reproouc. 
 
 What is my Vertue but a Tablitorie : 
 Which if I did beftow would more increafe ? 
 What is my Wit but an inhumane glorie : 
 That to my kind deare friends would proffer peace ? 
 
 D 
 
 25 IT
 
 i8 
 
 A Dialoo-ue. 
 
 But O vaine Bird, glue ore in filence, ceafe ; 
 
 Malice perchaunce doth hearken to thy words, 
 That cuts thy threed of Loue with twentie fwords. 
 
 Nature. Tell me (O Mirrour) of our earthly time, 
 Tell me fvveete Phoenix glorie of mine age. 
 Who blots thy Beauty with foule Enities crime. 
 And locks thee vp in fond Sit-fpitions cage ? 
 Can any humane heart beare thee fuch rage ? 
 
 Daunt their proud ftomacks with thy piercing Eye, 
 Vnchaine Loues fweetneffe at thy libertie. 
 
 Phosnix. What is't to bath me in a wholefome Spring, 
 Or wafli me in a cleere, deepe, running Well, 
 When I no vertue from the fame do bring, 
 Nor of the balmie water beare a fmell ? 
 It better were for me mongft Crowes to dwell, 
 
 Then flocke with Doues, whe Doues fit alwayes billing, 
 And wafte my wings of gold, my Beautie killing. 
 
 Nature. 
 
 He chaine foule Enuy to a brazen Gate, 
 And place deepe Malice in a hollow Rocke, 
 To some blacke defert Wood He banifli HatCy 
 And fond Sufpition from thy fight He locke : 
 Thcfe fhall not ftirre, let anie Porter knocke. 
 
 Thou art but yong, frefh, greene, and mufl not paffe. 
 But catch the hot Sniine with thy fteeled glaffe. 
 
 Phoenix. That Sunne fliines not within this Continent, 
 
 That with his warme rayes can my dead Bloud chearifli, 
 Groffe cloudie Vapours from this Aire is fent, 
 
 Not 
 
 26
 
 A Dialogue. 19 
 
 Not hot reflecling Bcamcs my heart to nourifh. 
 O Beautie, I do fcare me thou wilt perifli ; 
 
 Then gentle Nature let me take my flight, 
 
 But ere I paffc, fet Enuie out of fight. 
 
 He coniurc him, and raife him from his graue, 
 
 And put vpon his head a puniflimcnt : 
 
 Nature thy fportiue Plcafure meanes to faue ; 
 
 He fend him to perpetuall banifliment, 
 
 Like to a totterd Furie ragd and rent : 
 
 He baffle him, and blind his lealous eye, 
 That in thy a6lions Secrecie would pryc. 
 
 He coniure him, He raife him from his Cell, 
 
 He pull his Eyes from his confpiring head, 
 'a.inivsq He locke him in the place where he doth dwell ; 
 
 He ftarue him there, till the poore flaue be dead. 
 
 That on the poifonous Adder oft hath fed : 
 
 Thefe threatnings on the Helhound I will hiy. 
 But the performance beares the greater fway. 
 
 Stand by faire Phccnix, fpread thy Wings of gold. 
 
 And daunt the face of Heauen with thine Eye, 
 'X}7iZ)7/j Like Itmos bird thy Beautie do vnfold. 
 
 And thou flialt triumph ore thine enemie : 
 
 Then thou and I in Phcebus coach will flie, 
 
 Where thou fhalt fee and taft a fecret Fire, 
 That will adde fpreading life to thy Deflre. 
 
 Arife thou bleare-ey'd Eimie from thy bed. 
 Thy bed of Snakie poifon and corruption. 
 
 27
 
 20 
 
 A Dialocfue. 
 
 Vnmaske thy big-fwolne Cheekes with poyfon red, 
 For with thee I muft trie Conclufion, 
 And plague thee with the Worlds confufion, 
 I charge thee by my Power to appeare, 
 And by Celeftiall warrant to draw neare. 
 
 Phoenix. O what a miftie Dampe breakes from the ground, 
 Able it felfe to infe6l this noyfome Aire : 
 As if a caue of Toades themfelues did wound. 
 Or poyfoned Dragons fell into difpaire, 
 Hels damned fent with this may not compare, 
 And in this foggie cloud there doth arife 
 A damned Feend ore me to tyrannize. 
 
 Nature. He shall not touch a Feather of thy wing, 
 Or euer haue Authoritie and power, 
 As he hath had in his dayes fecret prying, 
 Ouer thy calmie Lookes to fend a fhower : 
 lie place thee now in fecrecies fweet Bower, 
 Where at thy will in iport and dallying, 
 Spend out thy time in Amarous difcourfing. 
 
 Phoenix. Looke Nnrce, looke Natiwe how the Villaine fweates. 
 His big-fwolne Eyes will fall vnto the ground, 
 With fretting anguifli he his blacke breaft beates, 
 As if he would true harted minds confound : 
 O keepe him backe, his fight my heart doth wound : 
 O Emiie it is thou that mad'ft me perifli, 
 For want of that true Fire my heart fliould nourifh. 
 
 Nature, But I will plague him for his wickedneffe, 
 
 Eiiuie 
 
 23
 
 A Dialogue. 
 
 Ennie go packe thee to fome forrelne foyle, 
 To fome dcfcrtfull plaine or Wildcrneffe, 
 Where fauage Monflers and wild beafls do toyle, 
 And with inhumane Creatures keep a coylc. 
 Be gone I fay, and neuer do returne, 
 Till this round compaft world with fire do burne. 
 
 21 
 
 What is he gone ? is Emiie packt away ? 
 Then one fowle blot is mooued from his Throne, 
 That my poore honeft Thoughts did fceke to flay : 
 Away fowle griefe, and ouer-heauie Mone, 
 That do ore charge me with continuall grones. 
 
 Will you not hence ? then with downe-falling teares, 
 He drowne my felfe in ripeneffe of my Yeares. 
 
 Phoenix. 
 
 Fie peeuifh Bird, what art thou franticke mad ? 
 Wilt thou confound thy felfe with foolifli Griefe? 
 If there be caufe or meanes for to be had. 
 Thy Nurfe and nouriflier will lind relicfe : 
 Then tell me all thy Accidents in briefe ; 
 
 Haue I not baniflit Eimy for thy fake ? 
 
 I greater things for thee ile vndertake. 
 
 Ennie is gone and baniflit from my fight, 
 Baniflit for euer comming any more : 
 But in Arabia burnes another Light, 
 A dark dimme Taper that I muft adore, 
 This barren Countrey makes me to deplore : 
 It is fo fapleffe that the very Spring, 
 Makes tender new-growne Plants be with'ring. 
 
 D3 
 
 Nature, 
 
 Phoenix. 
 
 cp
 
 22 
 
 A Dialosfue. 
 
 The noifome Aire is growne infeftious, 
 The very Springs for want of Moiflure die. 
 The glorious Sunne is here peftiferous, 
 No hearbes for Phificke or fweet Snrgcrie, 
 No balme to cure hearts inward maladie : 
 No gift of Nature, fhe is here defaced, 
 Heart-curing Balfamum here is not placed. 
 
 Nature, Is this the fumme and fubftance of thy woe ? 
 
 Is this the Anker-hold vnto thy bote ? 
 
 Is this thy Sea of Griefe doth ouerflow ? 
 
 Is this the Riuer fets thy fliip aflote ? 
 
 Is this the Leffon thou haft learn'd by rote ? 
 And is this all ? and is this plot of Ground 
 The fubftance of the Theame doth thee confound ? 
 
 Phcenix. This is the Anker-hold, the Sea, the Riuer, 
 The Leffon and the fubftance of my Song, 
 This is the Rocke my Ship did feeke to fliiuer. 
 And in this ground with Adders was I ftung, 
 And in a lothfome pit was often flung : 
 
 My Beautie and my Vertues captiuate, 
 To Loue, diffembling Loue that I did hate. 
 
 NatJire. Cheare vp thy fpirit PJicenix, prune thy wings. 
 And double-gild thy Fethers for my newes ; 
 A Niglitingale and not a Rauen fmgs. 
 That from all blacke contention will excufe 
 Thy heauy thoughts, and fet them to perufe 
 
 Another Clymat, where thou maift expreffe, 
 A plot of Paradice for worthineffe. 
 
 loue 
 
 .'53
 
 A Dialogue. 23 
 
 lone In diuine diuincfie of his Soule, 
 
 That rides vpon his firic axaltrcc, 
 
 That witli his Mace doth humane flefli controule, 
 
 When of mans deedes he makes a Regiftrie, 
 
 Louing the good for fingularitie : 
 
 With a vail'd Count'nance and a gracious Smile, 
 
 Did bid me plant my Bird in Paphos He. 
 
 What ill diuining Planet did prefage, Phoenix. 
 
 My timclcffc birth fo timely brought to light .'' 
 
 What fatal Comet did his wrath engage, 
 
 To worke a harmleffe Bird fuch worlds defpight, 
 
 Wrapping my dayes bliffe in blacke fables night ? 
 
 No Planet nor no Comet did confpire 
 
 My downefall, but foule Fortunes wrathful ire. 
 
 Wliat did my Beautie moue her to Difdaine."* 
 
 Or did my Vertues fliadow all her Bliffe "i 
 
 That Ihe fliould place me in a deiart Plaine, 
 
 And fend forth Ennie with a Indas kiffe, 
 
 To filing me with a Scorpions poifoned hiffe } 
 
 From my firfb birth-right for to plant me heare, 
 Where I haue alwaies fed on Griefe and Feare. 
 
 Raile not gainft Fortunes facred Deitie, Nature. 
 
 In youth thy vertuous patience fhe hath tyred, 
 From this bafe earth fhee'le lift thee vp on hie, 
 Where in Contents rich Chariot thou fhalt ride, 
 And neuer with Impatience to abide : 
 
 Fortune will glorie in thy great renowne, 
 
 And on thy feathered head will fet a crowne.
 
 24 A Dialogue. 
 
 Phcenix. T'was time to come, for I was comfortlcffe, 
 And in my Youth haue bene Infortunate : 
 This He oi PapJios I do hope will blcffe, 
 And alter my halfe-rotten tottering ftate ; 
 My hearts Delight was almoft ruinate. 
 In this rich He a Turtle had his neft, 
 And in a Wood of gold tooke vp his reft. 
 
 Nature. Fly in this Chariot, and come fit by me, 
 And we will leave this ill corrupted Land, 
 We'le take our courfe through the blew Azure skie. 
 And fet our feete on Paphos golden fand. 
 There of that Turtle Done we'le vnderftand : 
 And vifit him in thofe delightfull plaines, 
 Where Peace conioyn'd with Plenty ftill remaines. 
 
 Phcenix. I come, I come, and now farewell that flrond, 
 Vpon whofe craggie rockes my Ship was rent ; 
 Your ill befeeming follies made me fond, 
 And in a vaflie Cell I vp was pent. 
 Where my frefli blooming Beauty I haue fpent. 
 
 O blame your felues ill nurtred cruell Swaines, 
 That fild my fcarlet Glorie full of Staines. 
 
 Nature. W^elcome immortal Bewtie, we will ride 
 Ouer the Semi-circle of Europa, 
 And bend our courfe where we will fee the Tide, 
 That partes the Continent of Affrica, 
 Where the great Chain gouernes Tartaria : 
 
 And when the flarrie Curtaine vales the nfo-ht. 
 In Paphos facred He we meane to light. 
 
 How 
 
 32
 
 A JJialgoiie. 25 
 
 How glorious is this Ciiariot of the clay, Phoenix. 
 
 Where Phccbus in his cryftall robes is fet, 
 And to poore paffengers dirccls a way : 
 O happie time fince I with Nature met, 
 My immelodious Difcord I vnfret : 
 
 And fing fweet Hymnes, burn Myrrhe & Frankenfcnce, 
 
 Honor that Ifle that is my fure defence. 
 
 Look'e Plicoiix ore the world as thou doft ride, Nature. 
 
 And thou flialt fee the pallaces of Kings, 
 
 Great huge-built Cities where high States abide. 
 
 Temples of Gods, and Altars with rich ofif'rings. 
 
 To which the Priefts their facrifices brinirs : 
 
 Wonders paft wonder, fbrange Pyramides, 
 
 And the gold-gathering Strond oi Euphrates. 
 
 O what rich pleamre dwelleth in this Land ! Phccnix 
 
 Greene fpringing Medovves, high vpreared Hils, 
 The white-fleeft Ewe brought tame vnto the hand, 
 Faire running Riuers that the Countrie fils. 
 Sweet flowers that faire balmy Deaw diftils, 
 
 Great peopled Cities, whofe earth-gracing fhow, 
 
 Time is afliam'd to touch or ouerthrow. 
 
 Be filent gentle Phcenix, He repeate, Nature. 
 
 Some of thefe Cities names that we defcrie. 
 And oi their large foundation He intreate, 
 Their Founder that firft rear'd them v^d on hie, 
 Making a glorious Spe6lacle to each eie : 
 
 Warres wald Defender and the Countries grace. 
 
 Not battred yet with Times controlling Mace. 
 
 E 
 
 Zl
 
 26 A Dialogue. 
 
 This Alfred Alfred the father of faire Elfleda 
 
 fi)-Jl deluded 111 ^^ r -n r o • 
 
 England into rouiided three goodly famous Monarteries, 
 Shires, king jn this large He of fweete Britania, 
 
 King of A or- ^ ' 
 
 thumbers. For to refrefli the poore foules miferics, 
 That were afflifled with calamities : 
 
 One in the Towne furnamed Edlingsey^ 
 Which after ages called AtJielncy. 
 
 The fecond Houfe of that Deuotion, 
 
 He did ere6l at worthy WincJicJlcr, 
 
 A place well planted with Religion, 
 
 Called in this age the newly-builded Minfter, 
 Alfred buried Still kept in notable reparation : 
 ^draii Church of And in tliis famous builded Monument, 
 VVincheficr. His bodie was interd when life was fpent. 
 
 The laft not leaft furpaffing all the reft, 
 Was Oxfords honorable foundation, 
 The Vniuerfity Since when with Learnings glorie it is blefl, 
 
 f/lfifni!''"'^ ^^^"^^ by the godly exhortation 
 Of the Abbot Neotus dire6lion : 
 
 From whofe rich womb pure Angell-like Diuinitie, 
 Hath fprong to faue vs from Calamitie. 
 
 Leyre the fonne of Baldnd being admitted, 
 To beare the burden of the Britifli fway, 
 This Sore is a A Prince with Natures glorie being fitted, 
 ^'"f ':"'"/""'- At what time loas raigned King of hcda, 
 
 neth by Leice- ^ ^ ' 
 
 fler, called of To make his new got Fame to laft for aye, 
 
 fome Brenber 3 5^^.^ j^g ^uilt the Towne of Caerleh' 
 
 water. -^ . . ' 
 
 That to this day is called Leycefter. 
 
 Bellm 
 
 S4
 
 A Dialogue. 
 
 Belin that famous worthy Brytaine King-, 
 
 That made the Towncs of France to feare his frowne, 
 
 And the whole Roniijli Legion to fmg. 
 
 And to record his gracious great renowne, 
 
 VVhofe hoft of men their Townes were firing : 
 
 Buildcd in SontJizuals height Caerlion, 
 
 Or termed Ariviske Caer legion. 
 
 This glorious Citie was the onely Pride, 
 
 In eldcft age of all Dcmctia : 
 
 Where many notable Monuments abide, 
 
 To grace the Countrey of Britania, 
 
 That from Times memorie can neuer Aide \ 
 
 AvipJiibiilus was borne in this fvveete place. 
 
 Who taught 5. Alton, Albon full of grace. 
 
 King Z?/^furnam'd the great Ljid-lmrdibras, 
 The fonne of Lcil, builded the famous Towne 
 Of Kaerkin, with a huge Tower of braffe. 
 Now called Canterbiirie of great renowne, 
 Able to bide the raging Foes ftout frowne : 
 
 The Metropolitajis feate where Learning fits, 
 And chiefe of all our Englijli Bifiioprickes. 
 
 This noble King builded faire Caerguent, 
 
 Now cleped Winchcjier of worthie fame. 
 
 And at Mount Paladony he built his Tent, 
 
 That after ages Shaftfbiirie hath to name, 
 
 His firft foundation from King Leyls fonne came : 
 
 About which building Prophet Aquila, 
 
 Did prqphefie in large Brjtania. 
 
 E 2 
 
 27 
 
 In this Citie 
 were three fa- 
 7/ious C/inrc/ies 
 one of S. Julius 
 the Martyr, the 
 fecond of S. A- 
 ron: ami t hea- 
 ther the mother 
 Church of all 
 Demetia. 
 
 This Belin alfo 
 builded a nota- 
 ble Gate in Lo- 
 don now called 
 Billingsgate if 
 Belins Cajlle. 
 
 Lud, father to 
 Baldud, a man 
 wellfeen in the 
 Sciences of A- 
 Jironomie atid 
 Nec7-07na7icie. 
 
 This Baldud 
 fonne of Lud- 
 Hurdibras, 
 made firfl the 
 hot Baths at 
 Caerbran, now 
 called Bathe. 
 
 33 
 
 
 ^a^er - ^ wjiw i-KU-iJiag i - ;
 
 28 A DialoGfuc 
 
 tj" 
 
 King Leill ^ man of great religion, 
 Healforepai- That made his bordring neighbours for to yccld, 
 red the Cith- (/And on their knees to pleade Submifsion, 
 called Chejier". Being eldeft fonne to B^nite furnamed Grcenc/Jiidd, 
 The Citie of Cacrlcits he did build, 
 
 Now called Carlcyle by corruption, 
 
 And Time that leades things to confufion. 
 
 The Cittie of Cambridge a famous Vniuerfitie, 
 Cambridge ^he Nurfe of Learning and Experience, 
 
 bialtinthe r ^ -r^- • • • 
 
 dayes of Giir- 1 he Lhearilhcr of true Diumitie, 
 
 guntitis the fm ^X^-^-^ for the Soules good wifedome doth commence, 
 
 ofBelme,by j j • • t- ., 
 
 one Cajitaber a Contutmg Vice, and driumg Error thence : 
 
 ^therlrpartho. ^^^^ ^"^^^ ^^ Sigisbcrf. but Wrought effcaually 
 
 lony,orasfome By Kings and Lords of famous memorie. 
 
 7'Z'rile by Gor- 
 bonian. 
 
 Ebranke the fonne of flout Manpritiits, 
 
 Hauing in matrimonial! copulation, 
 *Ritkmigra- Twentie one wiues in large ^Briianicus, 
 
 And thirtie daughters by iult computation, 
 
 And twentie fonnes of eftimation, 
 
 Builded Cacrbranke famous for the name. 
 Now called Englands Yorke a place of Fame. 
 
 He in Albania large and populous, 
 Now termed Scotland of the Scottijli Se6l, 
 Becaufe his deedes fliould ftill be counted famous. 
 The Caftle oi Maidens there he did ere6l. 
 And to good purpofe did this worke efife6l : 
 
 But iron-eating Time the Truth doth ftaine. 
 For EdingburgJi the Citie doth remaine. . 
 
 And 
 
 tia. 
 
 ^s
 
 A Dialogfue 
 
 &' 
 
 29 
 
 And in that Maiden Cafllc he did frame, 
 To grace the building to the outward eie, 
 Nine Images of ftone plac'd in the fame, 
 Which fmce haue ftay'd times perpetuitie. 
 In the true forme of worke-mans excellencie : 
 
 Not any whit diminiflit, but as perfe6l 
 
 As in the firft-dayes minute they were fet. 
 
 Nature I mufe at your defcription, Phcenix. 
 
 To fee how Time that old ruft-cankard wretch, 
 Honors forgetfull Friend, Cities confufion. 
 That in all Monuments hath made a Breach, 
 To auncient names brought alteration : 
 
 And yet at this day fuch a place remaines. 
 
 That all Times honor paft with honor ftaines. 
 
 Thofe carued old-cut ftonie Images, Nature. 
 
 That beautifie the Princes ftately Towers, 
 
 That graces with their grace the Pallaces, 
 
 And high imperiall Emperizing bowers. 
 
 Were neuer raz'd by Times controlling houres : 
 
 Nine worthie women almoft equiualent. 
 
 With thofe nine worthie men io valient. 
 
 Three of the nine were lezves, and three were Gentiles^ 
 Three ChriJIians, Honors honorable Sexe, 
 That from their foes did often beare the fpoiles. 
 And did their proud controlling neighbours vexe, 
 Which to their name did Nobleneffe annexe. 
 
 An Embleame for true borne Gentilitie, 
 
 To imitate their deeds in chiualrie. 
 E3 
 
 37
 
 30 A Dialogue. 
 
 The firft Minerua a right worthie Pagon, 
 That many maiiHke battailes manly fought, 
 She firft deuiz'd Artillerie of yron, 
 And Armour for our backes flie firft found out, 
 Putting our lines deare hazard from fome doubt : 
 She gouerned the Libians, and got Victories, 
 ^LacHs Mi- With Honor by the lake ^Tritonides. 
 
 Our maine pitcht Battels fhe firft ordered, 
 Setting a Forme downe to this following Age, 
 The orders of Incamping flie firft regiftred, 
 And taught the lawes of Arnies in equipage, 
 To after time her skill fhe did engage : 
 Apollo was her deare begotten fonne. 
 In Abrahams time Hie liu'd till life was donne. 
 
 Semiramis Queene of AJJiria, 
 
 Was fecond worthie of this worlds great wonder, 
 
 She conquered large y^thiopia, 
 
 And brought the Necke of that ftout Nation vnder, 
 
 Wafting the Countries of rich India : 
 
 Her dayes of Honor and of Regiment, 
 Was in the time of Ifaacks gouernment. 
 
 The third and chiefeft for Audacioufneffe, 
 And Enterpriles that flie took in hand. 
 Was Toviyris full of true Nobleneffe, 
 Queene of the North (as I do vnderftand,) 
 From forth her eyes flie lightned Honors Brand, 
 And brandiflied a Sword, a fword of Fame, 
 That to her weake Sexe yeelded lienors name. 
 
 When 
 
 ^S
 
 A Dialogue. 31 
 
 When flie receiued newes her fonne was dead, 
 
 The Hope and Vnderprop of Sciihia, 
 
 She put on Armour, and encountered 
 
 The MonarcJi Cyrus King of Pcrfia, 
 
 And Gouernor of rich Gctiilia : 
 
 Slue him in fight her Fame for to renew, 
 Two hundred thoufand Souldiers oucrthrew. 
 
 Amongfl the Hebrezv women we commend, 
 
 lahcl the Kcnite for the firft in bountie, 
 
 Whofe vncomprehenfible valour in the end, 
 
 Did free and fet at large her captiu'd Countrie, 
 
 Oppreffcd with tyrannicall Miferie : 
 
 From dangers imminent of firie Warre, 
 
 By killing hand to hand her foe great Sifar. 
 
 Debora an Hebrezv worthie the fecond place, 
 She fortie yeares did gouerne Ifrael, 
 In peace preferu'd her Land, her land of Grace, 
 Where honeft fportiue Mirth did alwaies dwell : 
 Her holy holineffe no tongue can tell. 
 Nations aftonied at her happineffe, 
 Did grieue to loofe her Wifedomes worthineffe. 
 
 luditJi the third that redeliuered. 
 
 The ftrong befieged Citie of Bethidia, 
 
 And when the prowd Foe flic had vanquifhed, 
 
 And ouercame hot-fpur'd Affiria, 
 
 Bringing in triumph Holofcrncs head. 
 
 She got a great and greater Viflorie, 
 Then thoufand Souldiers in their maiefbie. 
 
 ,V9
 
 32 A Dialogue. 
 
 The firft of Chrijlians was faire Maud the Counteffc, 
 
 Countefse of A/iiow, daughter to a King, 
 
 Englands firft Henry. Alniaines Empreffe, 
 
 Heire indubitate, and her Fathers offpring, 
 
 She titles to the EngliJJi Crowne did bring : 
 She ne're defifled from the warlike field, 
 Till that vfurped Stephen of Blots did yeeld, 
 And condifcended to her fonnes dear right. 
 That war-like Maude \\3.d reobtain'd by might. 
 
 The fecond was Elizabeth of A r agon, 
 
 Oueene and wife to honorable Ferdinando : 
 
 She ftoutly fought for propagation 
 
 Of Chriftian Faith ; brought to fubuerfion, 
 
 The forfaken infidels of Granado, 
 
 Reducing that proud prouince all in one, 
 To follow ChriJIs vnfpotted true Religion. 
 
 The laft was lohane oi Naples true borne Oueene, 
 
 Sifter to Ladijlaus King oi Hungarie, 
 
 A woman that defended (as twas feene,) 
 
 Her countries great and gracious libertie, 
 
 By force of laudable Armes and Chiualrie, 
 Againft the Sarafins inuafion, 
 And proud hot warres of princely Arag07t. 
 
 Thus haue I in the honor of their worth, 
 
 Laid ope their Progenie, their Deedes, their Armes, 
 
 Their offpring, and their honorable Birth, 
 
 That is a Lanthorne lightning their true Fames, 
 
 Which Truth can neuer burne in Enuies flames : 
 
 Worthy 
 
 40
 
 King Arthur. 
 
 Worthic of wonder are thcfe three times three. 
 Folded in brazen Leaues of mcmorie. 
 
 Wind/or a Caftle of exceeding ftrength, 
 Firft built by Aruiragiis Brytames King, 
 But finifhed by Arthur at the length, 
 Of whofe rare d cedes our Chronicles do ring, 
 And poets in their verfe his praife do fing ; 
 
 For his Round-table and his war-like Fights, 
 Whofe valiantneffe the coward Mind affrio-hts. 
 
 ZZ 
 
 This Bryti/Ji King in warres a Conquerer, 
 And wondrous happie in his Viftories, 
 Was a companion of this noble Order, 
 And with his perfon grac'd thefe Dignities, 
 Great dignities of high exceeding Valour : 
 
 For he himfelfe the felfe-fame Honor tooke. 
 That all his following States did euer brooke. 
 
 This Paragoji whofe name our time affrights, 
 At Wind/or Caftle dubbed in one day. 
 One hundred and iuft fortie valiant Knights, 
 With his keene truftie Sword, and onely ftay, 
 (Cald Dridzvin) that his Loue did ouerfway : 
 And with that Sword the very day before, 
 He flue as many Saxon foes or more. 
 
 But Englijli Edward third of Memorie, 
 In bleffed and religious zeale of Loue, 
 Built vp a Colledge of exceeding glory, 
 That his kind care to England did approue. 
 
 P 
 
 41
 
 34 A Dialogue. 
 
 This CoUcdge doth this Caftle beautific : 
 The Honor of the place is held fo deare, 
 That many famous Kings are buried there. 
 
 But one rare thing exceeding admirable 
 
 That to this day is held in great renowne, 
 
 And to all Forreiners is memorable, 
 
 The name of which makes Englands foes to frowne, 
 
 And puis the pride of forreine Nations downe, 
 
 KniglLts of the Garter 2,x\^ Saint Georges Croffe, 
 Betok'ning to the Foe a bloudie loffc. 
 
 Here followeth the Birth, Life 
 
 and Death of honourable Arthur 
 
 King of Brittaine. 
 
 To the courteous Reader. 
 
 Courteous Reader, liauing fpoken of the firft foundation 
 of that yet renoxvned caftle of Windfor by Aruiragus 
 king of Britain, &■ finified by that fieeeeding prince of worthy 
 memory famous king Arthur ; / thought good (being intrea- 
 ted by fome of my hionourable-niinded F^-iends, not to letfipfo 
 good and fit an oeeafion, by reafon that tJiere yet remaines in 
 this douhtfull age of opinions, a controuerfie of that efeemed 
 P 7'i nee of Biitta-ine) to write not according to ages obliuio, but 
 directed onely by our late Hiftoriographers of England, zvho 
 no doubt lunie taken great paines i?i the fearching foorth of the 
 truth of that fir f Chriftian worthie : and wheras (I knozv not 
 
 dire fled 
 
 42
 
 35 
 
 direHed by ivhat blindncs) there haiie bene fome Writers (as I 
 tJiinke enemies to truth) that in their crronious cenfiires Jiaue 
 thought nofueh ind euer to be lining ; How fabulous that JJiould 
 feeme to be, I leaue to the iudgeuient of the befi readers, who 
 knozv for certaine, that that neuer dead Prince of memory, is 
 viore beholding to the French, the Romane, the Scot, the Ita- 
 lian, yea to the Greekes thevifclues, then to his own Country- 
 vien, who Jiaue fully and ivholly fet foorth his fame and liuely- 
 hood: then hozv fJiameleffe is it for fome ofvs, to let flip the truth 
 of this Monarch ? And for more confirmatid of the truth, looke 
 but in the Abbey of Weftminffcer at Saint Edwards flirine, 
 there flialt thou fee the print of his royal Scale in red wax clo- 
 fed in Berrill, zvith this infcription, Patricius Arthurus Gallic, 
 Germanice, Daci^e Imperator. y^^* Douer likcivife yoti may 
 fee Sir Gawins skull and Cradocks viantle: At Wincheftcr, 
 a Citie well knozune in England, his famous round Table, zvith 
 many other notable monuments too long to rehcarfe : Be fides I 
 viy felfe hauefcen imprinted, a french PampJdet of the armes 
 of king Arthur, and his renowmed valiant KnigJits,fet in co- 
 lours by the Heraulds of France : which charge of i^npreffion 
 ^uould Jiaue been too great, otJierzvife I Jiad inferted tJiem or- 
 derly in Jiis Life and Anions : but (gentle Reader) take tJiis 
 my paines gratefully, and I fJial Jiereafter more willingly flriiie 
 to employ my fun pie zvit to tJiy better gratulation ; I Jiaue Jiere 
 fet downe (turned from French profe into Englifli meeter) tJie 
 words of tJie Herald vnder tJie arnns of tJiat zuortJiy Brittaine. 
 
 King Arthur in his warlike Shield did beare 
 
 Thirteene rich Crownes of purified gold : 
 
 He was a valiant noble Conquerer, 
 
 As ancient Memorie hath truly told : 
 His great Round-table was in Britanie, 
 Where chofen Knights did do their homage yearely. 
 
 F 2 
 
 A-<
 
 36 King Arthur, 
 
 The flrange Birth, honorable Coj'O- 
 
 nation and moft vnhappie Death of 
 
 famous Arthur King of Bry- 
 
 taine. 
 
 OF noble Arthurs birth, oi Arthurs fall, 
 Oi Arthurs folemne Coronation, 
 Oi Arthurs famous deedes Hcroyicall, 
 Oi Arthurs battels and inuafion, 
 
 And that high minded worthie Brytifli King, 
 Shall my wits memorie be deifying. 
 
 In the laft time of Vter furnam'd Pendragon, 
 
 So called for his wittie pollicies, 
 
 Being a King of eftimation, 
 
 In famous Brytaine mongft his ovvne allies, 
 
 There was a mightie Duke that gouern'd Coruzvaile, 
 That held long warre, and did this King affaile. 
 
 This Duke was nam'd the Duke of Tintagil: 
 After thefe hot bred warres were come to end, 
 He foiourn'd at a place cald Tcrrabil, 
 From whence Pendragon for this Duke did fend, 
 And being wounded fore with Cupids fting, 
 Charg'd him his Wife vnto the Court to bring. 
 
 His Wife a paffmg Ladie, louely, wife, 
 Chafte to her husbands cleare vnfpotted bed, 
 Whofe honor-bearing Fame none could fupprize, 
 
 But
 
 King Arthur, 37 
 
 But VcJlaASko. her Httle time flic led : 
 Igrenc her name on whofe vncquall beautie 
 Fcudragon doted, led by humane folly. 
 
 At length he broke his mind vnto a Lord, 
 A truflie Councellour and noble Friend, 
 That foone vnto his minds griefe did accord, 
 And his Kings louing loue-thoughts did commend, 
 
 Telling Pendi'agon this fliould be his bell:, 
 
 To tell the Dutcheffe of his fweete requeft. 
 
 But flie a Woman, fterne, inexorable. 
 Willing fond Lufts inchauntments to refift. 
 All his tongues fmoothing words not penetrable, 
 In her chafte bofomes Gate could not infifb, 
 
 But ftraight flie told her Husband how flie fped, 
 
 Left that his grace fliould be diflionourcd. 
 
 And counfeld him to paffe away in hafte. 
 That Nights darke duskie mantle might orefliade, 
 Their flying bodies, leaft at laft they tafte, 
 More miferie then Time did ere inuade, 
 
 " For Luft is fuch a hot inflamed thing, 
 
 " It gouerneth mans fenfes, rules a King. 
 
 And as the Ducheffe fpake, the Duke departed. 
 
 That neither Vtcr nor his Councell knew. 
 
 How his deepe bofomes *Lord the Dutcheffe thwarted, *Citpid. 
 
 But marke the ftory well what did enfue : 
 
 Soone as the King perceiued their intent. 
 
 Intemperate Rage made him impatient. 
 
 F3 
 
 45
 
 38 King Arthur. 
 
 Away with Muficke for your firings do iarre, 
 
 Your found is full of Difcords, harfh and ill, 
 
 Your Diapazon, makes a humming warre 
 
 Within mine eares, and doth my fences fill 
 
 With immelodious mourning ; She is gone 
 That rul'd your felues and Inflruments alone. 
 
 Away fond riming Quid, left thou write 
 
 Q{ P rogues murther, or L^icretias rape, 
 
 Oi Igrens iourney taken in the night. 
 
 That in the blacke gloom'd filence did efcape : 
 
 O could no Dogge haue bark'd, no Cocke Laue crow'd^ 
 That might her paffage to the King haue fliow'd. 
 
 No mirth pleafde Vier, but grimme Melancholy 
 Haunted his heeles, and when he fate to reft, 
 He pondred in his mind Igrenas beautie, 
 Of whom his care-craz'd head was full poffeft : 
 Nothing was now contentiue to his mind, 
 But Igrcncs name, Igrene to him vnkind. 
 
 At laft his noble Peeres with pitie mou'd, 
 
 To fee the Kings fodaine perplexitie, 
 
 With a great care that their Liege Emperour lou'd. 
 
 For to allay his great extremitie, 
 
 Did counfell him to fend for Garloyes wife, 
 
 As he would anfwer it vpon his life. 
 
 Then prefently a Meffenger was fent. 
 To tell the Duke of his wifes fecret folly : 
 This was the fubftance of his whole intent, 
 
 To 
 
 ^(^
 
 King Arthur. 39 
 
 To bring his wife to Court immediatly : 
 
 Or within threefcore dayes he did protcfl. 
 To fetch him thither to his httle refl. 
 
 Which when the Duke had warning, ftraight he furnifli'd 
 
 Two Caftles with well-fenc'd artillerie, 
 
 With vitailes and with men he garnifli'd, 
 
 Ills ftrongeft Holds for fuch an enemie : 
 
 And in the one he put his hearts-deare Treafurc, 
 Faire Igrene that he loued out of meafure, 
 
 That Caftle Avhich the Duke himfelfe did hold, 
 
 Had many Poftcrncs out and iffues thence, 
 
 In which to truft his life he might be bold, 
 
 And fafely the warres Furie to commence : 
 But after-telling time did wonders worke. 
 That Foxes in their holes can neuer lurke. 
 
 Then in all hafte came Vtcr with his hoaft, 
 
 Pitching his rich pauilions on the ground, 
 
 Of his afpiring mind he did not boaft. 
 
 For Loue and Anger did his thoughts confound. 
 
 Hot warre was made on both fides, people flaine. 
 And many Death-doore-knocking Soules complaine. 
 
 Loue and minds anguifli fo perplext the King 
 For Igrene that incomparable Dame, 
 That Qipids fickneffe pearc'd him with a fting, 
 And his warres lowd Alarums ouercame, 
 
 Veiuis intreated Mars awhile to fbay, 
 
 And make this time a fporting Holiday. 
 
 47
 
 40 King Arthur. 
 
 Then came fir Ulfius, a moft noble Knight, 
 And askt his King the caufe of his difeafe, 
 Being wilHng in a fi.ibiects gracious right, 
 Vter Pendragons mind in heart to pleafe : 
 Ah faid the King, Igrene doth captiuate 
 My Heart, and makes my Senfes fubiugate. 
 
 Courage, my gracious Liege, I will go find 
 That true diuining prophet of our Nation, 
 Merlin the wife that fliall content your mind, 
 And be a Moderator in this a6lion : 
 
 His learning, wifedome, and vnfeene experience, 
 Shall quickly giue a Salue for loues offence. 
 
 So Vlfins at the length from him departed, 
 
 Asking for Merlin as he paft the way. 
 
 Who by great fortunes chance fir Vlfius thwarted. 
 
 As he went by in beggers bafe aray : 
 
 Demanding of the Knight in bafeneffe meeke, 
 Who was the man he went fo farre to feeke ? 
 
 Vlfius amazed at his bafe attire, 
 Told him it was prefumption to demaund 
 The name of him for whom he did enquire. 
 And therefore would not yeeld to his command : 
 Alas faid Merlin I do plainly fee, 
 Merlin you feeke, that Merlin I am he. 
 
 And if the King will but fulfill my hefl, 
 And will reward my true deferuing heart, 
 In his loues agonies he flial be blcft 
 
 So 
 
 4.8
 
 King Arthur. 41 
 
 So that he follow what I fliall impart, 
 
 Vpoii my Knighthood he will honor thee, 
 With fauour & rewards moft royally. 
 
 Then Vlpcs glad departed in all haft, 
 
 And rode amaine to King Pendragons fight, 
 
 Telling his Grace Merlin he met at laft, 
 
 That like a Lampe will giue his Lonelaies light. 
 
 Where is the man } I wifht for him before. 
 
 Sec where he ftands my Liege at yonder doore. 
 
 When Vter faw the man, a fudden ioy, 
 And vncompre'nded gladneffe fild his hart : 
 With kind embracements met him on the way. 
 And to him gan his fecrets to impart. 
 
 Leaue off, quoth Merlin, I do know your mind, 
 
 The faire-fac'd Lady Igrene is vnkind. 
 
 But if your Maiefty will here proteft, 
 
 And fweare as you are lawfull King annointed. 
 
 To do my will, nothing fliall you moleft, 
 
 But follow my dire6lions being appointed. 
 I fweare quoth Vter by the Euangelijls, 
 He dyes for me that once thy will refifls. 
 
 Sir, faid the Prophet Merline, this I craue. 
 
 That fliall betoken well what ere betide, 
 
 The firfb faire fportiue Night that you fhall haue. 
 
 Lying fafely nuzled by faire Igrenes fide. 
 
 You fliall beget a fonne whole very Name, 
 In after-ftealing Time his foes fhall tame. 
 
 <9
 
 42 King Arthur. 
 
 That child being borne your Grace muft giue to me, 
 
 For to be nourifhed at m}' appointment, 
 
 That ilial redound much to his maieftie, 
 
 And to your Graces gracious good intent : 
 
 That fliall be done : (quoth Merlin) let's away, 
 For you fliall fleepe with Igrene ere't be day. 
 
 And as lone ftole to faire Alanenas bed, 
 
 In counterfeiting great Arnphytrio, 
 
 By the fame luft-direcled line being led, 
 
 To Igrenes louely chamber muft you go : 
 
 You fhall be like the Duke her husbands greatneffe, 
 And in his place poffeffe her Husbands fweetneffe. 
 
 And you my noble Lord, fir Vlfius, 
 
 Shall be much like fir Brujiias a faire Knight, 
 
 And I will counterfeit the good lordaims, 
 
 And thus weele paffe together in the night. 
 
 But fee you queftion not, fay you are difeafed, 
 And hie to bed there fhall your heart be pleafed. 
 
 But on the morrow do not rife my Liege, 
 Vntill I come to councell for the beft, 
 For ten miles off you know doth lie the Siege, 
 That will not turne thefe night-fports to a iefi:, 
 Pendragon pleas'd hafted for to embrace, 
 The fweet'ft got pray that euer King did chafe. 
 
 Soone as the Duke of Tmtagill did perceiue, 
 That Vtcr left alone his royall armie. 
 He iffued from his Caftle to bereaue, 
 
 The 
 
 50
 
 Kiiifj Arthur. 43 
 
 The fouldicrs of their liucs by polh'cie : 
 
 But fee his fortune, by that wily traine, 
 That he had kiid for others he was flaine. 
 
 The fubtill-Iuft dire6led King went on, 
 
 Maskt in a ftrange deuifcd new found fliape. 
 
 To fimple-minded Igrene vnhke Pendragon, 
 
 And three long houres lay in his louers lap : 
 
 There he begat the chriftian King of Kings, 
 Whofe fame Caijlcr Swannes in pleafurc fings. 
 
 Affoone as day-betok'ning PJiccbus Chariot, 
 
 Had croft his fiflers waggon in the skie, 
 
 Merlin in hafte to Vters chamber got. 
 
 Bidding good morrow to his Maieftie : 
 
 And told him vnrecalled Time did ftay, 
 To hafte him from his pleafure thence away. 
 
 Vtcr amaz'd with Igrene in his armes, 
 Wiflit that the Prophet had no vfe of tongue, 
 Whofe dolefull found breath'd forth thefe harfh Alarmes, 
 And like the night-Crow craokt a deadly fong ; 
 Ah what a hell of griefe t'was to depart, 
 And leaue the new-got Treafure of his heart. 
 
 Then by the lawne-Iike Hand he tooke his louer, 
 Being warm'd with blood of a diffembling Husband, 
 Defire in her cheekes (he could not fmothcr, 
 And her Loue-dazeling eye none could withftaud : 
 
 He kift her twice or thrice and bad adue, 
 
 As willing his nights pleafure to renue : 
 G 2 
 
 .^T
 
 44 King Arthur. 
 
 But when the late betrayed Lady knew, 
 
 How that her true betrothed Lord was flaine, 
 
 Ere that nights reuelHng did firft enfue, 
 
 In fecret to her felfe flie wept amaine : 
 
 Amaz'd and maruelling who that fhould be, 
 That rob'd her husband of his treafurie. 
 
 And to her felfe flie gan for to relate, 
 
 The injuries of lier vnfpotted hfe, 
 
 And in her mind flie liu'd difconfolate, 
 
 Banning her bafe-bad Fortune being a wife ; 
 Wifliing for euer flie had Hu'd a niaide, 
 Rather than her chaft thoughts fliould be betraid. 
 
 *fc.' 
 
 The noble Councell that attended Vter, 
 
 Began with grauitie for to deuife, 
 
 That (where their King had doted much vpon her) 
 
 Her beautie his young thoughts to equalize, 
 
 To knit them both in Hymens facred right, 
 
 And then in lawfuU wife to tafl; delight. 
 
 This motion made vnto their Soueraigne, 
 
 Of a warme luftie ftomacke youthful! bloud, 
 
 Thought it a heauen fuch a Saint to gaine. 
 
 That would reuiue his fpirits, do him good : 
 And gaue confent to have her honoured, 
 With mariage Rites, the which were foone performed. 
 
 Halfe a yearc after as the King and Queene, 
 Then growing great with child a bed were lying, 
 The Curtaines drawne vnwilling to be feene : 
 
 This 
 
 52
 
 King Arthur, 45 
 
 This polllcle the King himfclfc deuifing : 
 
 Asking whofc child it was that flie did bcare, 
 Speake gentle Igrcnc tell me without fcare. 
 
 The Oueene amazed at this qucfhion, 
 
 Being fully wrapt in pale timiditie, 
 
 Knew not to anfwer this fad a6tion, 
 
 Becaufe fhe fully knew her innocencie : 
 
 He vrg'd her ftill, at length fhe waxed bold, 
 And ftoutly to the King the truth flie told. 
 
 With that he kift his Oueene that was beguil'd, 
 
 And did recomfort her being halfe forlorne, 
 
 Telling t'was he that did beget the child, 
 
 The child that from her faire wombe fliould be borne : 
 With that a fudden ioy did repoffeffe 
 Her penfiue hart, whome Fortune late did blcffe. 
 
 Then Merlin (that did alwaies loue the King, 
 
 As bearing chiefe affiance to his countrey) 
 
 Sought to prouide for the childs nourifliing, 
 
 Therein to fliew his well difpofed dutie. 
 As thou decreeft faid Vter, muft it be, 
 My deare Sonnes fortunes He commit to thee. 
 
 Well faid the Prophet, I do know a Lord, 
 A faithfull paffmg true difpofed man. 
 That to your Graces pleafure will accord, 
 And in your feruice do the beft he can : 
 
 Commit your child vnto his cuftodie, 
 
 A man renoun'd in famous Britany. 
 
 G 3
 
 4.6 King Arthur. 
 
 Misname Sir He^or : fend a Meffenger, 
 To will him come vnto the Court with fpeede, 
 And that your Maieftie muft needs conferre, 
 Of matters helpefull in a Princes neede. 
 
 When he is come your Grace may certifie, 
 You'le put your fonne & heire to his deliuerie. 
 
 And when that Fortunes child kind Fortunes heire, 
 
 (For fo the Deftinies prognofticate) 
 
 Shall be brought foorth into the open aire, 
 
 That of faire Igrene lately was begate : 
 
 At yonder priuie Pofterne being vnchriftened, 
 You mufl deliuer it me to be baptized. 
 
 As Merlin had deuifed, fo t'was done : 
 For all the Court to him did yeeld obeyfance ; 
 And now Sir Hector to the king is come, 
 And to Pendragon made his deare affiance, 
 
 Wifhing his Wife might nourifli that bright fonne, 
 Whofe Mornings glorie was not yet begunne. 
 
 Then when the louely Oueene was foone deliuered, 
 Of that rich bearing Burthen to her ioy. 
 The King himfelfe in perfon hath commaundcd. 
 Two Ladies and two Knights to beare the boy, 
 Bound vp in cloth of gold being rich of State, 
 And giue it to the pooreman at the gate, 
 
 So Merlin had the Prince at his difpofing, 
 
 Committing it to Hefiors faithfull wife : 
 
 Now nothing wanted but the fweete baptizing. 
 
 To 
 
 54 
 
 I 
 
 I ■■■■■■
 
 King Arthur. 
 
 To grace the Prince of Princes all his life : 
 A holy reuerent Man indu'de with fame, 
 Arthur of Britaine cald the Princes name. 
 
 After the royall Solemnation, 
 Of that blacke mournfull weping funerall, 
 Of Vter that we name the great Pendragofi, 
 By fubtill praaife brought vnto his fall .• 
 
 The fixteenth yeare of his viclorious raigne. 
 By poifon was this braue Pmdragoji flaine. 
 
 His body vnto Stonc-heng being brought, 
 Hard by his brother Aiireliits is he laid, 
 In a faire Monument then richly wrought, 
 Dead is the King whofe life his foes difmaid, 
 But from his loynes he left a fonne behind, 
 The right Idea of his fathers mind. 
 
 47 
 
 Great Arthur whom we call the Britaines King, 
 
 A man renown'd for famous victories, 
 
 Saxons and Pi£les to homage he did brins-. 
 
 As you may read in auncient hiftories : 
 Our later Chronicles do teftifie, 
 King Arthurs noble mind in Chiualrie. 
 
 Twelue noble battels did King Arthur fight, 
 Againft the Saxous men of hardie ftrength, 
 And in the battels put them ftill to flight, 
 Bringing them in fubie6lion at the lenQth : 
 
 He neuer ftroue to driue them quite away. 
 But ftragling here and there he let them flay. 
 
 Valerius wit- 
 neffeth that K. 
 Arf/titr corne- 
 red thirty king- 
 domes, for as 
 the a great co- 
 pany of Gotier- 
 7tors held Tiider 
 their iitrifdi- 
 ^ion the Hand 
 toi^elher with 
 France and 
 Germanie. 
 
 55
 
 48 King Arthur. 
 
 In Southry, Kent, and Norfolke did they dwell, 
 Still owing homage to king ArtJmres greatneffe, 
 Whofe puiffance their pride did alwaies quell. 
 Yet did he temper rigour with his meekneffe : 
 
 And like a Lion fcorn'd to touch the Lambe, 
 Where they fubmiffiue-like vnto him came, 
 
 Againft the Pi6les he held continuall warre. 
 The which vnto the Saxons were allide. 
 And with the fubtill Scot did alwaies iarre, 
 Who neuer true to A rtJuir would abide : 
 
 But (fcorning his aduancement to the Crowne) 
 Did thinke by force to pull his greatneffe dowiie. 
 
 The chiefeft caufe of this hot mortall flrife, 
 That mou'd thefe Kings to be diffentious, 
 Was that the King of Pi£lcs had tane to wife 
 The eldeft fifter oi Anrelius, 
 And Cornon King of Scots had married 
 The youngeft fifter to his Princely bed. 
 
 Wherefore they thought the BrytiJJi Regiment, 
 Should haue defcended to the lawfull heires 
 Oi Anna, wife to both in gouernment, 
 And he as King to rule their great affaires : 
 And do inferre king Arthures barftardie. 
 And vniuft claime to that high dignitie. 
 
 And prefently they do difpatch in haft, 
 
 Ambaffadours to famous Brytanie, 
 
 Of their great Peeres for to demaund at laft, 
 
 .0
 
 King Arthur. 49 
 
 The kingdomes Crowne and kingdomes Royaltic : 
 Who fcorning for to hearc a ftrangcr nam'd, 
 Crowned king Arthur, whom the world hath fam'd. 
 
 T/ie Coi'onation of Kmo Artlmr, and 
 
 the Solemnitie thereof: the proud meffage 
 
 of the Romanes, and the ivhole refolntioti of King 
 
 Arthur and his Nobles. 
 
 THe appointed time and great Solemnitie, 
 Approchcd of king Arthurs Coronation, 
 To which high ftates of mightie Dignitie, 
 Affembled at the Citie of Caerkon, 
 In Cafars time cal'd Vrbs Legioniijn: 
 
 A Title doubtleffe bearing fome import, ' 
 
 Where many famous Brytaines did refort. 
 
 To grace king Arthur whom the Britaincs loued. 
 Came three ArcJi bijlwps England s chiefe renowne, 
 Both London, Yorke, and Dubright Honor moued, 
 On Arthurs head to fet the Britijli Crowne, 
 That after puld the pride of Nations downe : ; 
 
 Vnto the Pallace of this princely King, ; 
 
 They were conuay'd where true-born Fame did fpring. 
 
 Dubright (becaufe the Court at that time lay 
 Within the compaffe of his Dioceffe) 
 In his own perfon on this Royall day, 
 Richly to furnifli him he did addreffe. 
 
 His louc vnto his King he did expreffe, 
 H 
 
 ^1 
 
 K
 
 so King- Arthur. 
 
 And at his hands the King was dignified, 
 When Atie Ccsfar lowd the people cride. 
 
 This happle Coronation being ended, 
 The King was brought in fumptuous royaltie. 
 With all the peoples harts being befriended. 
 To the Cathedrall church of that fame See, 
 Being the MetropoUticall in nobilitie, 
 
 With lowd exclaiming ioy of peoples voyce, 
 
 That God might bleffe their Land for fuch a choice 
 
 On either hand did two Archbifliops ride, 
 
 Supporting ArtJmr of Bvitania, 
 
 And foure Kings before him did abide, 
 
 Angifcll King of ftout Albania, 
 
 And Cadual King of Vcncdocia, 
 
 Cador of Cornewaile mongft thefe Princes paft. 
 
 And Satcr of Dcuictia was the laft. 
 
 Thefe foure attired in rich ornaments, 
 Foure golden Swords before the King did beare, 
 Betokening foure royall Gouernments, 
 And foure true Noble harts not dreading feare. 
 That Emiic from their breafts can neuer teare : 
 Before them playd fuch well-tun'd melodic. 
 That birds did ftng to make it heauenly. 
 
 King Art/mrs Oueene vnto the Church was brought. 
 With many noble Peeres being conducted : 
 Her Amies and Titles royally were wrought. 
 And to her noble P'ame were garniflied,, 
 
 That 
 
 58
 
 King Arthur. • 51 
 
 That Infamie had neare diminiflicd : 
 
 Foure Queenes before her bore foure filuer Doues, 
 ExprefTing their true Faith and husbands Loues. 
 
 To braue King ArtJucr on this folemnc feaft, 
 This day of high vnfpeakeablc dignitic, 
 Came foure grauc difcrect perfons of the befl, 
 From Roines Lieutenant, proud in Maieftie, 
 
 Carying in token of their Embaffage 
 
 Greene OHue boughs, and their dear Lieges meffagc. 
 
 The Epijile of Lticiiis Tiberius the 
 
 Romane Lieutenant, to Arthur 
 
 King of Britanie. 
 
 LVcius Tiberius, 'Kovnts great gojiC7')to}i7', 
 To Arthur King of large Britania, 
 As he deferiietiL fati02ir at our Jiands : 
 Rome atid the Romane Senators do wonder, 
 And I my felfe exceedingly do inife, 
 To tJiinke of tJiy audacious haugJitie mind. 
 And thy tyrannical I dealing to our State : 
 Hole fir ie Anger boyleth in my breaft, 
 And I am moiid with honour of the caufe, 
 For to reuenge thy Iniuries to Rome : 
 And that like one or proud of Jiis efate, 
 Rcfufcft to acknozvledge her thy head, 
 Neither rcgardcjl fpeedily to redreffe. 
 Thy bafe and blind obliuous oucrfight. 
 And vniufi dealings to offend the Senate, 
 
 H 2 
 
 CO
 
 52 King Arthur. 
 
 Vnto zvhofe high impcriall Dignitie, 
 Vn/eJJ'e Forgctfulneffe do blcm'e thine eyes, 
 Thoit kiiowjl the wJiole huge Circle of the zvorld^ 
 Are made Contributorie and oive vs homage. 
 The tribute that the Britaines ongJU to pay, 
 The wJiicJi the Senate did demaund of thee. 
 Being due vnto the Romaine Emperie : 
 For that braue lulius Csefar Jiad enioy d 
 And many zvorthy Romanes many yeares^ 
 TJioii in contempt of vs and our Eflate, 
 Our honorable Eflate and our dignitie^ 
 Prefunfl iniurioufly for to dctaine : 
 The confines of wel-feated Gallia, 
 The Prouinces of Sauoy and Daulphine, 
 With hot-fiani d fierie war re hafl thou fubdude. 
 And gotten in thy large poffcffi on, ; 
 The Hands of the bordring Ocean, 
 TJie Kings ivherrof fo long as we enioy^d thcni, 
 Payd tribute to our Noble auncefiors. 
 The Senate highly moiid zvith thy prefumption^ 
 Determine for to re demaund amends. 
 And reflitittion for thy open zvrongs : 
 I therefore from "the noble Scnatours, 
 Commaund thee on thy true Allegiance, 
 To Rome, to them, to me, and our Eflate, 
 That in the midfl ^/ Auguft next enfuing, 
 TJiou do repaire to Rome, there for to aufzver, 
 Before the zvortJiie Sejiate and the Lords 
 Thy Trefpaffe ; and abide arbitremoit, 
 ■ Such as by them Jliall there be ordred. 
 And iufiice fliall impoje vpon thy head: 
 
 Which 
 
 60
 
 King Arthur. 53 
 
 Which thing if thou prcfmnptiionjly rcfiife, 
 I will fortJiivitJi iimade thy Territories, 
 Wajl thy wJiole Countrey, biirne thy Townes and Cities ; 
 A nd ivhatfo ere thy raJJincffe hath detained, 
 From Rome or from the Romaine Emperic, 
 / will by dint of fivord fubdue againe. 
 Thus amid zvith Jiopcfull Rcfolutton, 
 Week flay thy anfwer of fubmiffion. 
 
 Lu. Tib. 
 
 Cador the Duke of Cornezvaile his 
 Oration to the King. 
 
 REnoivmed Arthur and thrice zvorthie Britaine : 
 O how a liuely blond doth fill my veines, 
 At this proud inejfage of tJie Jiazutie Romaines, 
 / hitherto my Lord haue bene in fear e, 
 Left that ihe zvorthy Britaines luith much eafe, 
 A nd long continnall, peace and qnietneffe. 
 Should groiv to too mncJi flouth and cowardise, 
 A nd lofe that honorable Reputation, 
 Of Chiualrie and Martiall difcipline : 
 Wherein {right Noble King) ive haue bene counted, 
 For to furmount all Nations of the world. 
 For where the vfe of A rmes is not efieenidy 
 But buried in Obliuions loathfome cane, 
 And ivanton dallying held in ceflimatc. 
 It cannot chufe but pale-facd Coivardize, 
 Mnft dimme and cleane deface all zvorthy Vertue. 
 Fine yeares haue fully ruwie their monthly coujfe, 
 H 3 
 
 61
 
 54 King Arthur, 
 
 Since we ptit off our arm our from our backcs, 
 
 Or Jicard the Trumpets clangor in 07ir earcs, 
 
 Or marcJit in triumph zvitJi the ratling Drum, 
 
 Being jiuzaeled in effemenate delights, 
 
 God willing that our names JJwuld not be blotted 
 
 With the foule Jlaine of beajlly Jluggardie, 
 
 Hathflirred vp the proud infulting Romanes, 
 
 To zvhet our dull edg d fzvords not noiv in vfe, 
 
 To cut their heads off in this rightfull eaufe, 
 
 And four e our rufiie Armotir long laid vp, 
 
 To buckle zvitJi fo proud an enemie. 
 
 Therefore great A rthur in thy greatneffe raife 
 
 Thy colours vp, for to vpreare thy praife. Ca. Cor. 
 
 The Oration of Kino^ Arthur to his Lordes 
 and Followers. 
 
 MY Fellowes and my deare Companions, 
 Both in the aduerfe chances of our age, 
 A 7id profperous fucceffcfull Jiappineffe, 
 WJiofe true vnfpeakable fidelities, 
 Jn giuing counfcll touching warrcs abroad, 
 And home-bred imitinies ajnong/l our f clues, 
 With good fucceffefuhicffe hatte I pcrccaiid, 
 In your deepe ivifedomcs and your grauitie. 
 Affoord me nozv your honorable aides. 
 Wifely forefeeing what you think conuenient. 
 Touching tJie proud command' ment fent from Rome, 
 A thing at firfi carefidly deliberated, 
 Is in the end mofi eafily toller atcd: 
 
 We 
 
 62
 
 King- Arthur. 55 
 
 We therefore JJiall iviiJi caficr burden brooke, 
 
 TJlc liaivtie incffage ^y Tiberius Lucius, 
 
 If inongfi our fellies hi ivifcdonie we confer re, 
 
 Hoiv and wliicJi ivay to anfiver his dcniaund, 
 
 Andfurdy (noble Folloivers) I fuppofe, 
 
 We haue no canfe to feare their forreine braues. 
 
 For that vpon a mofl vninft requcfl. 
 
 He fcekes to Jiaue a tribute paid from Britaine, 
 
 Bceaufe forfooth in luHus Csefars time. 
 
 Through iarres and difeords of the ancient Biytains, 
 
 The tribute hath beene due and payable : 
 
 For when our countrie was at fill p off eft, 
 
 With ciuill garboiles and domeflicke brazvles, 
 
 Their Caefar did ariue zvitJiin this land, 
 
 And with this armed fouldiers full of force, 
 
 Brought in fubie£lion that vnquiet Nation, 
 
 By this alleadgance they vninflly craue, 
 
 Tribute and fat is faction at our hands, 
 
 For nothing that is got by violence, 
 
 May iuflly be poffefi by violence. 
 
 Sith therefore he prejumeth to demaund, 
 
 A thing being mofl vnlaivfull at our hands. 
 
 By the fame reafon let vs demaund of him, 
 
 Tribute at Rome mauger their V.om\{[\ poiuer, 
 
 And he that is the mightier in force. 
 
 Let him pojfeffe the honor of the tribute. 
 
 For if his allegations and demaunds, 
 
 Be forcible and zvorihie to be kept, 
 
 Bceaufe their Csefar and fome Romane Princes, 
 
 Haue fometimes conquered Brytania, 
 
 By the like reafon I do tliinke that Rome, 
 
 ^3
 
 56 King Arthur. 
 
 Oiight to pay tribute and to do vs homage, 
 Bccauje i>:y Predcceffoj's conquered it : 
 Bellin tJic noble King of Brytanie, 
 With his braue brother Brennus zvarlikc ayde, 
 Being then accounted Sauoies noble Dnke, 
 Rased the wats of Rome, and Jet his Standard 
 With viElorie vpon the Citie gates, 
 And in the middle of their Market place, 
 Hung vp twentie of their chief efl Noblemen. 
 And Conftantine the fonne (?/" Helena, 
 -^;^(a^ Maxim inian us my nee re Coufins, 
 Were both inthroniz d in the Impcriall feate, 
 And gouernmcnt of Romes great Empcrie. 
 As touching Fraunce and other Hands there. 
 We neede not anfiuer their out-brauing termes : 
 For they refufed to defcjtd their ozvjie. 
 When we by force redeemed them from their hands. 
 Then counfell me tJirife-ivorthy Brytaine P ceres, 
 Abandoning bafe coivardize and fearcs. 
 
 K. Arthur. 
 
 The Anjzuei^ of Howell King' 
 of htle Brytaine. 
 
 T Hough all your ivifedonics and your grauiiics, 
 Handmaides to Counfell and Nobilitie, 
 Should be engraued in one golden leafe, 
 More to the purpofe could not you inferre. 
 Then thy mofl graue and exquifite Oration, 
 Thy eloquent and Tully-///v aduife 
 
 Hath 
 
 Ci
 
 King Arthur. 57 
 
 Hath fiirniJJU vs zvith fiich cxpcrhnent. 
 
 Whereby tve ought inccjjantly to praife, 
 
 In you the ivifedome of a conjlant man: 
 
 For if IV it h all pofl expedition. 
 
 You ivill prepare a voyage vnto Rome, 
 
 That doth expc6l our hafie and royall commin^^\ 
 
 According to the reafons you allcage, 
 
 I doubt not but that f aire Vicloria, 
 
 Will fit in triumph on our conquering Helmes, 
 
 To fright the mindes of Romifli aduerfaries, 
 
 Sith we defend our a undent liber tie, 
 
 Difdainingfor to beare a fcruile yoke, 
 
 Which to this day the Britaines do maintaine: 
 
 Let vs go chearefully and deniaund of them, 
 
 With luflice zvhat vniuflly they demaund : 
 For he that doth deface anothcrs right, 
 And thinkes vniufily for to difpoffeffe, 
 And take from him his ozvne inheritance 
 Deferuedly, and zvith a zvorthy mcanes. 
 Not violating large and hoflile Armes, 
 May he be put from that zuhich is his ozvne, 
 By him to zvhom the zvrong is off red. 
 Seeing therefore that the Romanes zvould vfurpe. 
 The royall dignitie of zuorthy Britaine, 
 Due to your honorable aunccfiors, 
 I doubt not (noble King) but zvcele regaine. 
 That zvhichyour Predeceffors haue poffefl, 
 Eucn in the middle of their proicdeft Citie, 
 If zve may come to buckle zvith our foes. 
 This is the confliH that true hearted Britaines, 
 So long Jiaue zvifiit to happen to our age. 
 
 I 
 
 65
 
 58 King Arthur. 
 
 Thefc he the prophefics of wife Sibilla, 
 Long time agoe^ plainly and truly told, 
 And nozv at length fulfilled to our toy, 
 That of the third race of the zvorthie Britaines, 
 There fhould be borne a Prince to repoffcffe, 
 The Romifli Empire and their Dignitie : 
 For two of thcfe the prophcfie is pafi, 
 In Belin and that luorthie Conftantine, 
 Who onercame, and gaue the Amies of Rome : 
 Now Jiaue zve none but you my gracious Liege, 
 The third and lafi, not leafl in all our eyes, 
 To zvhoni this high Exploit is prouiifed : 
 Make ha/le therefore moft royall Soueraigne, 
 For to rcceiue that zvhich our God ivill giue, 
 Haflen for to fubdue their zvilling nwids, 
 Which profer vp their Jionor to your hands, 
 Hafien deare Liege for to aduance vs all, 
 That willingly will fp end our Hues and lands, 
 For the aduancement of o?ir libertie. 
 And to atchicue this Labour wort hie King, 
 Ten thoufand armed fouldiers zvill I bring. 
 
 Ho. K. of Brit 
 
 Angufel Kijig of Albaiiia his 
 Anfwere to the King. 
 
 Since firfl I heard my Soueraigne fpeake his mind, 
 Ful fraught with Eloqucce and learned Counfel, 
 A fodaine ioy did fo poffcffe my foule, 
 As that in ivords I cannot viier forth 
 
 A^ 
 
 CC,
 
 King Arthur. 55 
 
 TJie explanation of my ivilling thoughts : 
 In all onr ViHorics and Conquejls zvonne, 
 Subduing many Regions, many Kings, 
 Nothing at all in honour haue we gain d, 
 If that we ftiffcr the proud-minded Romanes, 
 And hautie Germaincs to vfurpe vpon vs, 
 And do not noiv rcucnge thofe bloudie flaughtcrs, 
 Enacted on our friends and countrymen. 
 Andjith occafion nozu isprofered, 
 And Liber tie to trie our force of Amies, 
 I do reioyce to fee this happie day, 
 Wherein we may but meet and ioyne with them : 
 I tJirifl my Lord in heart for fweet reuenge, 
 As if three daycs I had beene kept from drinke ; 
 The zvounds I fliould receiue zpofi that day 
 Would be as pleafant to my labouring foule, 
 As Water to a thirflie Traucller, 
 Or elfe Releafement to a man condemned. 
 Nay death it felfe were welcome to my bofome, 
 For to reuenge our Fathers iniuries, 
 Defend our libertie, aduance our King : 
 Let vs giue onfet on that meaeocke Nation, 
 Thofcfond cjfeminate vnruly people, 
 And fight it out vnto the latefl man ; 
 That after we haue fpread our ivauing Colours, 
 Infigne of Triumph and of ViHorie, 
 We may enioy the Honors they poffcffe, 
 And for my part re7iow7ied valiant King, 
 Tivo thoufand armed horfemen will I bring. 
 
 An. K. Alb. 
 I 2 
 
 ^7
 
 6o King Arthur. 
 
 ARoyall armie Arthur hath proulded, 
 To beard the brauing Romanes in their Countrie, 
 And nice a Martialiji hath them diuided, 
 To buckle with fo proud an Enemie : 
 
 And Courage ioyn'd with Refolution, 
 Doth pricke them forwards to this Aclion. 
 
 The Britains hawtie and refolued men, 
 
 Stout, valiant, of Bcllonas warlike brood, 
 
 Chear'd on their Followers, and began agen 
 
 For to reuiue their new decayed blood : 
 
 And to redeeme to Arthur and his Line, 
 What once was wonne by valiant ConJIantinc. 
 
 Now founds his Drumme a march in chearfull fort. 
 Now his loud winded Trumpets checke the aire, 
 And now the Britaincs to him do refort, 
 Not fearing warres affli6lion or defpaire : 
 
 But all with one voyce promife vi6lorie 
 
 To ArtJiur King of famous Britaiuy. 
 
 His Colours they are waning in the wind. 
 
 Wherein is wrought his Armes of anceftrie, 
 
 His Pendants are in formall wife affign'd, 
 
 Ouartred at large by well read Heraldrie : 
 
 Cuffing the ayre that ftruggles for to kiffe, 
 The gaudineffe of faire King Arthurs bliffe. 
 
 Within his fpreading Enfigne firft he bore, 
 
 Allotted from his royall familie, 
 
 Three flying Dragons and three Crownes he wore, 
 
 For> 
 
 68
 
 King Arthur. 6i 
 
 Portraid de Or, the field oi Azure die, 
 
 His fathers Coate, his Mothers Countries grace, 
 His honors Badge, his crucll foes deface. 
 
 At laft vnto himfelfe he hath affumpted, 
 And tooke to Armes proper to his defire, 
 As in his faithfull mind being beft accounted, 
 And fitting to thofe thoughts he did require : 
 A croffe of Siluer in a field of Vert, 
 A gracious Einbleamc to his great defert. 
 
 On the firft quarter of this field was figured, 
 
 The image of our Ladic with her Sonne 
 
 Held in her armes ; this he defired, 
 
 Wherein his new-growne valour was begonne : 
 
 And bearing this fame Figure forth right nobly. 
 Did maruellous A6les and leates of Chiualrie. 
 
 This Signe in elder ages being odious, 
 And hated of the bad dcferuing mind, 
 By his deare blood is made moft pretious 
 Our vnpure Sinne by him being full refind : 
 
 A great triumphant Signe, a Signe of ioy, 
 
 A bleffed Croffe to free vs from annoy. 
 
 To this the righteous man bowes downe his head. 
 
 And this the heauenly Angels do adore. 
 
 By this our vnpure foules with life is fed, 
 
 And Dinels fearing this do much deplore : 
 
 Hereon he vanquiflit SatJian, Hell, and Sinne, 
 And by this Signe our new-life we begin. 
 
 I 3 
 
 69
 
 ^2 King Artliii 
 
 11'. 
 
 Wife, learned HiJloriograpJicrs do write, 
 
 That this pure Signe of the moft holy Croffe 
 
 Was fent from God, to Merairics delight, 
 
 hdian the Apojlatds onely loffe, 
 
 And that an Angell brought to Mercurie, 
 All Armour for his backe mofl neceffarie. 
 
 A Shield of Aztire herein coloured, 
 A flowrie Croffe between two golden Rofes, 
 That the prowd lezves minds much diftempred, 
 Whofe vertue in it felfe true Time enclofes 
 
 A rich wrought Shield and a mofh heauenly Armour, 
 That to the proud Foe ftrucke a deadly terrour. 
 
 And in the time of Charles the feuenth french King 
 The Sunne giuing glorie to the dim-fac'd Morne, 
 When early rifmg Birds alowd did fing, 
 And faire cleare clouds the Element did adorne, 
 
 To EngliJJimcn and French from heauen was fent 
 A milke-white Croffe within the Firmament. 
 
 Which heauenly Signe of both thefe nations feene, 
 The haughtie Frencli mou'd with rebellion 
 Againft their lawfull King and true-borne Oueene, 
 Began to yeeld their true fubmiffion. 
 
 And tooke it as a great admonifliment. 
 
 And Signe betok'ning bitter detriment. 
 
 Thus we may fee, that the Religion 
 Which they conceiued of this bleffcd fight, 
 Altred their minds to veneration, 
 
 And 
 
 70
 
 King Arthur. 59 
 
 And mollified their harts then full of fpight, 
 Yeclding vnto their Prince obedience, 
 And true fubmiffion for their great offence. 
 
 This fight of honor, to the French Kings fame 
 
 They did behold, a fpeftacle to Fraiince, 
 
 At the fame time when the third Edivard came, 
 
 And in the land his colours did aduance, 
 Sending to Clodoueus then their King 
 Which there became a Chriftian by l^aptizing. 
 
 HcBcfimt Franco7'ian celcbranda m/ignia Regnm, 
 
 QucB dcmiffa polo, fujlinct alma fides 
 
 Et nobis cozliea dona : 
 
 Et pia Francoruni plaeeant infignia Regnm, 
 
 Anrea ecelejli primicm fiiffulta colore 
 
 Lilia, Ccefarijs olim iam credit a cernis 
 
 Anri flamma dehinc, velerum vicloria Regnm. 
 
 And euer fince great Clodonens raigne. 
 They did remaine as Enfignes to that Nation, 
 Where ftill before three Toades they did fuflaine, 
 Their onely pourtraiture of commendation, 
 
 By honor to the Englilli Kings pertaining, (ning. 
 
 That conquer'd Frannce, when all their pride was wai- 
 
 His barbed Horfes beat the yeelding ground, 
 And with their neighing terrifide their foe, 
 Prowd of their riders, in whofe harts are found 
 A promiie to the Romanes ouerthrow. 
 
 Tt
 
 64 King Arthur. 
 
 - The gliftering fliine of their well-fafliioti'd armour, 
 Tels all men here doth ride a Conquerour. 
 
 Their Armour ftrongly made and firmely wrought, 
 
 Not to the vfe of old decayed Time, 
 
 Who with their guilded fliewes are good for nought, 
 
 But like to ftonie wals not made with lime, 
 
 The Brytaincs went not proudly armoured. 
 But ftrong, as fcorning to be conquered. 
 
 In Calls he his colours doth aduance, 
 Who all for feare do entertaine this Prince, 
 And paffeth through the regiment oi France, 
 And doth with puiffance the Frcncli conuince: 
 
 Still marching vp to Paris and to Roane, 
 
 Bringing that Countrie in fubie6lion. 
 
 And hauing got his Title and his Name 
 
 A Title got with famous vi6lorie, 
 
 He marcheth forward to enlarge his Fame, 
 
 Leaning faire France in his authoritie, 
 
 By fword and clemencie he conquer'd IJlnnc!, 
 And wonne by famous warre the land of Gothland. 
 
 Now more and more his armie doth increafe, 
 And mightie Kings do offer him their aide, 
 So in the country they might hue in peace, 
 His warlike followers fo their minds difmaid : 
 The name of Arthur King of Brltanlc, 
 Hath fear'd the RouilJJi force from Italy. 
 
 At 
 
 72
 
 King Arthur. 
 
 At laft he comes to meetc his cncmic, 
 
 lligh-hartcd Litems that his letters fent, 
 
 To great Carlcon with fuch Maieftie, 
 
 That fliffely did demaund a bafe intent : 
 
 But now he wiflit King Arthur were away, 
 For feare he loft the Honor of the day. 
 
 The Britaincs valour was fo admirable, 
 As when a Lion mceteth with his Pray; 
 King Arthurs courage fo ineftimable, 
 That nerc a Roviaine durft his ftrength affay : 
 
 But like the duft with wind did take their flicrht. 
 
 Yeelding by Warre what they demaund by Might. 
 
 Here lay a heape of Romans flaughtered, 
 Trode vnder foote by proud vi6lorious Steedes, 
 And here one Friend another murthered, 
 Not able for to helpe him in his neede : 
 
 Here bruifed Souldiers that alowd did cry, 
 
 Braue Arthur helpe vs in our miferie. 
 
 And after he had wonne fo great a Field, 
 
 And ouerthrew the Roviaine Lucius, 
 
 He pardon'd thofe that gracioufly would yecld, 
 
 And leaue their Leader proud Tiberius : 
 
 Who left his men for feare, and would not fight, 
 But hid himfelfe in darkneffe of the Night. 
 
 This bafe retraite and glorious Viftorie, 
 To Arthur's honour and Tiberius fliame. 
 Was fpred through Rome, through France^ through Italy, 
 
 K 
 
 7.^
 
 66 King Arthur. 
 
 An extollation to the BiytiJJi name : 
 
 Who forraged about, yet all did flie, 
 
 Till Arthur tooke them to his pitying mercie. 
 
 Forwards towards Rome thefe Britaines make their way. 
 Sounding Defiance as they paffe along, 
 Their conquering Enfignes ftill they do difplay. 
 In Armes and hautie courage paffing ftrong : 
 All Cities offer peace, all Townes fubmit 
 To Artlmrs greatneffe, as a thing mofl fit. 
 
 But as they paffe huge Mirmedons do flriue, 
 
 Surnamed Giants, for to ftop this King. 
 
 And vow by Paganifme (by which they thriue,) 
 
 His bodie in Oceamis to fling : 
 
 And daunt his followers, who as Fame hath faid. 
 Of great bigge monftrous men were not afraid. 
 
 At laft they march vpon a large broade plaine, 
 
 When firft thefe hautie Giants he doth fpie, 
 
 The Britaines fcorne for to retire againe, 
 
 But either winne the honor, or elfe die : 
 
 Courage quoth Arthur, better die with fame. 
 Then yeeld or turne to our immortall fhame. 
 
 At length they meete, and meeting cope together, 
 
 As when two fauage Boares are full of ire, 
 
 The Viftorie as yet inclin'd to neither, 
 
 But from their Creafts and Shields did fparckle fire : 
 Inkindlcd Wrath from Arthurs breaft hath fprong, 
 That he made pafiage through the thickeft throng. 
 
 The 
 
 h 
 
 \
 
 King Arthur Q'j 
 
 The King of Giants ArtJnir meetes withall, 
 And copes with him : for in his ftrength did ftand 
 His Kingdomes great aduancement, or his fall, 
 His Subie6ls peace, his quictneffe of land : 
 
 But this renowne to Britaine doth remaine, 
 The Giant, ArtJmr hand to hand hath flaine. 
 
 When he was downe the reft did faint for fcare. 
 Which when the Britijli armie had efpied, 
 Their true-borne valour did they not forbeare, 
 But all the greene graffe with their bloud they died : 
 
 And made fuch flaughter of thefe monftrous men. 
 
 That after-time hath regiftred agen. 
 
 After this Conqueft is King Arthtcr minded. 
 With all his royall power to march to Rome, 
 And with his Lords he hath determined, 
 This gallant Refolution, and this Doome : 
 
 To crowne himfelfe by warre their Emperour, 
 
 And ouer all a misfhtie Gouernour, 
 
 *&' 
 
 And had not Fortune and Rebellion, 
 
 Stir'd vp his Coufm Mordreds hautie mind, 
 
 At home to make ciuill inuafion, 
 
 Who fought King Artlmrs glory for to blind, 
 With honour had he re-inkindled fire, 
 To burne the wals of Rome to his defire. 
 
 But O lahe Mordred, thou deceitfull Kinfman, 
 ('Begot oi Treaions heyrej thus to rebell, 
 Againft thy noble Nephew, who hath wonne 
 
 K 2 
 
 75
 
 68 King Arthur. 
 
 Cities and peopled Townes that did excell : 
 And all he did was for to glorifie 
 His Royall kindred and his Noble countrey. 
 
 But thou fome bafe-borne Haggard mak'ft a wing, 
 
 Againfl; the Princely Eagle in his flight, 
 
 And like a hifling Serpent feek'ft to fting 
 
 The Lion that did fhield thee from defpight : 
 
 But now being wakened by his Countries wrong. 
 With warre he meanes to vifite you ere long. 
 
 The news of this proud Rebell in his Land, 
 Was like deepe piercing arrowes at his hart, 
 Litemperate Rage did make them vnderftand 
 King ArtJmrs furie, and fond Mordt'eds fmart, 
 Who vow'd reuengement moft vnnaturall. 
 On him that fought to bring his friends to thrall. 
 
 He founds Retraite with heart-fwolne heauineffe, 
 That he muft leaue faire Rojue vnconquered, 
 And marcheth through the Land in quietneffe. 
 To be reueng'd on the Vfurper Mordi^ed : 
 
 At this fweet newes of his departing thence, 
 The Romaines praife the Rebels excellence. 
 
 King Arthur heard at his returne towards Brytaiiie, 
 How Mordrcd had proclaim'd himfelfe there King, 
 Thofe that refifted, he by force hath flaine, 
 Vnto their Countries ground a gentle ofifring. 
 And to the Saxon Cheldrickc is allide, 
 Who landing to their lawfull King denide. 
 
 By 
 
 ^r,
 
 King Arthur. 6g 
 
 By force they clri'ue King ArtJmr from the fhore, 
 And hke rebcnious Monftcrs kill his men, 
 Which when he viewcs, he flriueth more and more, 
 And his great puiffant flrength renewes againe. 
 And maugre all the power they withftand, 
 At Sandwich Noble ArtJmr taketh Land : 
 
 And ioyning battel with his enemies, 
 
 The traytrous Rebels are difcomfited, 
 
 And Mordred all in haft away he flics, 
 
 By Treafons bloudie Traine & murther led. 
 To gather Power to renew the fight, 
 Vrg'd forward by the Saxon Cliddricks fpight. 
 
 The Noble Arthnr in this confli6l loft 
 Some of his followers whom he lou'd too deare ; 
 The death of gentle Gazvcn grieu'd him moft, 
 As by his outward forrow did appeare : 
 
 This Gaiven was proud Mordreds lawfull brother. 
 
 Legitimate by father and by mother. 
 
 O mirrour of true borne gentilitie, 
 
 Faire mappe of Honor in his gentle blood, 
 
 That rather chofe to loue his noble countrie, 
 
 And feeke the meanes to do his life Liege good, 
 Then to defend his kindred by that warre, 
 That made the Sonne and moft kind Father iarre. 
 
 Kind Gazven, truftie worthie Gentleman, 
 Belou'd oi Arthur, as deferuedly, 
 Recording Time thy faithfulnefle fliall fcan, 
 
 K 3 
 
 77
 
 70 King Arthur, 
 
 And loyall Truth wrapt vp in memorie : 
 
 Shall fay in thy Kings quarrell being iuft, 
 At laft thou diedft, not in thy Brothers truft. 
 
 Thy gentle King prepared thy Funeral, 
 And laid thy bodie in a Sepulchre, 
 In thine owne country richly done and royall, 
 At Roffe whofe aunceftrie fliall ftill endure : 
 
 And like a Nephew, mourn'd and wept for thee, 
 
 Grieuing to loofe BrytiJIi Nobilitie. 
 
 But to proceede in this vnluckie fight, 
 King Angtifel wz.'s, flaine whom Arthur loued, 
 A man in whom his countrie tooke delight, 
 That ne're with home-bred Treacherie was moued 
 In falfe-faith'd Scotland was his bones interd. 
 To which before King Arthur him prefer'd. 
 
 That vniuft Mordred, Mifchiefes nouriflier 
 Times bad infamer. Traitor to the State, 
 Of his whole Countrie bounds the chiefe perturber, 
 Whofe name to this day mongft them growes in hate. 
 Fled from the battell, getting fhips he faild 
 Weftward towards Cornwall whe his force was quail'd. 
 
 But when King Arthur heard of his departure, 
 
 Caufmg the refufe Rebels for to flie. 
 
 To make the way of his defence more fure. 
 
 With fpeed he re-inforft his royall armie. 
 
 With new fupplie of hardie men at Armes, 
 Whofe Refolution fear'd no following harmes. 
 
 With 
 
 78
 
 King Arthur. 7 1 
 
 With his whole force he marcheth after him, 
 
 Where all the Kcntifli men reioyce to fee 
 
 King ArtJiurs Colours, whofe rich pride doth dim 
 
 The faire-fac'd Sunne in all his Maieftie : 
 Not refling till he came vnto the place, 
 Where Mordred was encamped for a fpace. 
 
 By Winchefter a Citie of renowne, 
 
 The Traitorous armie of this Mordred lay. 
 
 On whofe proud gather'd troupe the Sunne did frowne, 
 
 Fore-fliewing to his men a blacke-fac't day : 
 
 And fo it prou'd before the felfe-fame night ; 
 
 Mordred and his beft friends were flaine in fi":ht. 
 
 '£>* 
 
 At Camhlane was this bloudie battell ended, 
 Where fame-acthieuing ArtJmr fore was wounded, 
 With gallant Britaine Lords being attended, 
 Whofe fword (cald Pridzviii) manie had confounded, 
 Yet Fortunes vnfeene immortalitie, 
 Sometimes cuts downe fprigs of a Monarchic. 
 
 At this dayes dolefull ftroke oi Arthurs death, 
 The glorious fliining Sunne lookt pale and wanne, 
 And when this Monareh lofed forth his breath, 
 The Britaiiies being amaz'd about him ranne : 
 
 And with their nailes did teare their flefli alunder. 
 That they had loft their King the worlds great Wonder. 
 
 Ouer this litle Hand he had raigned. 
 
 The full iuft terme of fixe and twentie yeares. 
 
 When twelue moft famous battels he obtained, 
 
 79
 
 72 King Arthur. 
 
 As in our auncient Chronicles appeares, 
 
 And in the Church-yard of faire Glaftcnbiirief 
 They held King Arthurs wofull obfequie. 
 
 And in the time of fecond Henries dayes, 
 
 Betweene two pillars was his body found, 
 
 That in his life deferu's immortall praife, 
 
 Layd fixteene foote deepe vnderneath the ground I 
 Becaufe his Saxon foes whom he did chafe, 
 Should not with fwords his liueleffe corps deface. 
 
 In the laft yeare of Henries royaltie, 
 
 More then fixe hundred after his buriall, 
 
 By the Abbot of the houfe of Glajlenbiiriey 
 
 At laft they found King AriJmrs funerall : 
 
 Henry de Bloys the Abbots name they gaue, 
 Who by the Kings commaund did find the graue. 
 
 The principall and chiefe occafion 
 
 That moou'd King Henry for to feeke the place, 
 
 Was that a Bardth in Welfli diuifion, 
 
 Recorded Arthurs a6les vnto his Grace : 
 
 And in the forefaid Church-yard he did fmg, 
 That they fliould find the body of the King. 
 
 And thofe that dig'd to find his bodie there, 
 After they enterd feuen foote deepe in ground, 
 A mightie broade ftone to them did appeare. 
 With a great leaden Croffe thereto bound, 
 
 And downwards towards the corpes the Croffe did lie, 
 
 Containing this infcripted poefie. 
 
 Hie 
 
 80
 
 King Arthur. Ti 
 
 Hie iacet Jcpidtiis inclyiits Rex, 
 Arthur us in Infula Aualonice. 
 
 His bodie whofe great a6les the world recorded, 
 
 When vitall Hmitation gaue him hfe, 
 
 And Fames flirill golden Trump abroad had founded, 
 
 What Warres he ended, what Debate, what Strife, 
 What Honor to his countrey, what great Loue, 
 Amongft his faithful! fubiecls he did proue. 
 
 Was not interd in fumptuous royaltie, 
 With funerall pompe of kindred and of friends, 
 Nor clofde in marble ffcone wrought curioufly, 
 Nor none in mourning blacke his King attends, 
 But in a hollow tree made for the nonce. 
 They do enter King Arthurs princely bones. 
 
 Their outward habite did not fliew their mind, 
 
 For many millions of fad weeping eies, 
 
 In euery ftreete and corner you might find, 
 
 Some beating their bare breaft, and fome with out cries, 
 Curfmg and Banning that proud Mordreds foule. 
 That did by warre his princely life controule. 
 
 The Kings that were attendant on his traine. 
 Forgot their kingdomes, and their royall crownes, 
 Their high proud hautie hearts with griefe were flaine, 
 Strucke in amaze with Fortunes deadly frownes : 
 
 For they had loft their Scepter, Seate, and all. 
 
 By princely Arthurs moft vnhappie fall. 
 
 L 
 
 8t
 
 74 King Arthur, 
 
 The trunke being opened, at the laft they found 
 
 The bones of A rtlmr King of Brytanie, 
 
 Whofe fliin-bone being fet vpon the ground, 
 
 (As may appeare by auncient Memorie) 
 
 Reacht to the middle thigh within a fpanne, 
 Of a tall proper well fet bigge lim'd Man. 
 
 And furthermore they found King Arthurs skull, 
 Of fuch great largeneffe that betwixt his eyes, 
 His foreheads fpace a fpanne broad was at full. 
 That no true H iJloriograpJier denies : 
 
 The forenam'd Abbot lining in thofe daies, 
 Saw what is written now to Arthurs praife. 
 
 The print of tenne wounds in his head appeared. 
 
 All grown together except onely one, 
 
 Of which it feemes this worthie Brytaine died : 
 
 A true Memoriall to his louing Nation ; 
 
 But that was greater far then all the reft, 
 Had it bene leffer Brytaine had bene bleft. 
 
 In opening of the Tombe they found his wife, 
 
 Queene Guiniiicrc interred with the King, 
 
 The Treffes of her haire as in her life. 
 
 Were finely platted whole and gliftering : 
 
 The colour like the moft pure refin'd gold, 
 Which being toucht ftraight turned into mould. 
 
 Henry de Bloyes at the length tranflated 
 The bones oi Arthur and his louely Oueene, 
 Into the great Church where they were interred, 
 
 Within 
 
 82
 
 King Arthur. 75 
 
 Within a Marble toombe, as oft was feenc : 
 Of whom a worthie Poet doth rehearfe, 
 This EpitapJi in fwcete Ucroicke Vcrfe. 
 
 Hie iacet ArtJmrus flos regum, gloria regni. 
 Quern mores, probitas commendant laiide perenni. 
 
 lohannis Lcylandij antiquarij Encomion funerale, in 
 vitam, fa6la, mortemq ; Regis Arthuri inclitiffimi. 
 
 SAxoiiicas totics qui fudit martc crnciito 
 Ttirmas, & pcperit fpolijs fibi noincn opiinis, 
 Fulmijieo toties Piclos qui contiidit enfe, 
 Iinpofuitqiie iugnm Scoti ccruicibiis ingens, 
 Qui timiidos Gallos, Germanos quiq. feroces 
 Pertulit, & Dacos bello conf regit aperto : 
 Dcnique Mordrcduni b medio qui fujlulit illud 
 Monjlruui, horrcndum ingens, dirum feuuvique iyrannum, 
 Hoe iaeet extinclus monuniento A rtJntrius alto, 
 Militice elarmn deeus & virtutis alumnus, 
 Gloria mine cuius terrain eireumuolat omnem, 
 ^therij que petit, fubliviia te6la tonantis. 
 Vos igitur gentis Proles generofa Britanncs 
 Induperatori ter magno ajjurgite vejlro : 
 Et tumjilo facro Rofeas ijiferte Corollas, 
 OJficij tejles redolentia munera vejtri. 
 
 Thus Englijlied. 
 
 He that fo oft the Saxon Troupes did foile, 
 And got a name of worth with richeft fpoile : 
 He that with brandiflit fword the Pi£ls deftroyd, 
 And yok'd the Seots, their ftubborn necks annoy'd : 
 He that the loftie French and Germaines fierce did fmite, 
 
 L 2 
 
 83
 
 76 King Arthur 
 
 And Dacians force with Warre did vanquifh quite : 
 
 He laflly which cut off that monfler Mordreds Hfe, 
 
 A cruell Tyrant, horrible, mightie, full of ftrife : 
 
 Arthur lyes buried in this Monument, 
 
 Warres chiefefl garland, Vertues fole intent ; 
 
 Whofe Glorie through the world ftil fwiftly flies, 
 
 And mounts with Fames wings vp to the thundring skies. 
 
 You gentle Offfpring of the Britaines blood, 
 
 Vnto this puiffant Emperour do honours good, 
 
 And on his Tombe lay Garlands of fweete Rofes, 
 
 Sweete gifts of Dutie, and fvveet louing pofies. 
 
 Fijiis EpitapJiij. 
 
 No. Arth. 
 
 The trite Pedigree of that famous 
 
 VVorthie King Arthur, colle6led 
 
 out of many learned Authors. 
 
 TVVelue men in number entred the vale oi Aualon : 
 lofeph oi Ariniathea was the chiefeft we confeffe, 
 lofue the fonne of lofeph his father did attend on, 
 With other ten, thefe Glaflon did poffeffe, 
 Hilarius the Nephew of lofeph firft begate 
 Jofie the Wife : lofue Aniinadab, 
 Aminadab CaftcUors had by fate : 
 Caflellors got Manael that louely Lad, 
 And Ma?iael by his wife had faire-fac'd Lambard, 
 With another deare fonne furnamed Vrlard\ 
 And Lambard 2X the length begot a fonne, 
 
 That 
 
 84
 
 Kinrr Arthur. 
 
 '& 
 
 77 
 
 That had Igrcne borne of liis wife, 
 Of this Igrcne, Vtcr the great Pcndragoii 
 Begot King Arthur famous in his Hfe, 
 Where by the truth this Pedigree doth end, 
 Arthur from lofephs loynes did firft delccnd. 
 Peter Coufin to lofcph oi Arimathea, 
 Being fometimes King of great Arcadia, 
 Begat Erlan that famous worthy Prince, 
 And Erlan gat Meliaiuis, that did conuince 
 His neighbour foes, Melianus did beget 
 Edor, and Edor Lothos name did fet. 
 That tooke to wife the fifter of King Aj^thzcri 
 A Virgine faire, chafle, louely, and moft pure, 
 Of whom this Lotho had foure louely boyes, 
 Their fathers comfort and their mothers ioyes, 
 Wakva7ms, Agranains, Garelns and Guerelife, 
 That in their countrey much did foueragnize : 
 
 All which were men of great authoritie, 
 
 And famous in the land of Britanic. 
 
 Here endeth the Bij^th, Life, Death, and Pedigree of 
 King Arthur of Britanie, & now, to zvhcrc zve left. 
 
 O Nature tell me one thing ere we part, Phcenir 
 
 What famous towne and fituated Seate 
 Is that huge Building that is made by Art, 
 A gain ft whofe wals the cryftall flreames do beate. 
 As if the flowing tide the ftones would eate : 
 That lies vpon my left hand built fo hie, 
 That the huge top-made Steeple dares the Skie ? 
 L 3 
 
 8<^
 
 78 
 
 King Arthur. 
 
 Nature. 
 
 PJioenix. 
 
 Nature. 
 
 That is the Britaines towne old Troynotiant, 
 The which the \N^.xvi\xm^-Troya7is Sonne did frame 
 When after fliipwracke he a place did want, 
 For to reuiue his Honor-fplitted Name, 
 And raifd againe the cinders of his Fame, 
 
 When from Sydoniau Dido they did fteale, 
 To reare the Pillars of a Common-weale. 
 
 Since when to come more nearer to our time, 
 Liid the great King did with his wealth enlarge, 
 The famous builded Citie of this Clime, 
 And Ludjlone to be cald he gaue in charge, 
 And London now that Towne is growne at large : 
 The flowing Riuer Thamafis is nam'd, 
 Whofe Sea-enfuing Tide can neare be tam'd. 
 
 O London I haue heard thee honoured, 
 And thy names Glorie rais'd to good intent, 
 Lawes Councell chamber in thy wals is bred. 
 The fchoole of Knowledge and Experiment : 
 Wife Senators to gouerne thee is lent. 
 
 All things to beautifie a Royall Throne, 
 Where Scarfitie and Dearth did neuer grone. 
 
 Leaue off thy Praifes till we haue more leafure, ' 
 
 And to beguile the wearie lingring Day, 
 
 Whofe long-drawne Howers do tire vs out of meafure 
 
 Our cunning in Loue-fongs let vs affay, 
 
 And paint £)ur Pleafure as fome good Array : 
 I will beginne my cunning for to taft, 
 And your Experience we will try at laft. 
 
 Here Nahtre fingcth to this diiiie folloivin 
 
 ^S- 
 
 w 
 
 Hat is Loue but a toy, 
 To beguile mens Senfes ? 
 
 Whta 
 
 sri
 
 King Arthur. 79 
 
 What is Ci(pid but a boy, 
 
 Boy to caufe expences, 
 
 A toy that brings to foolcs opprcffed thrall, 
 
 A boy whofe folly makes a number fall. 
 
 What is Louc but a child, 
 
 Child of little fubftance, 
 
 Making Apes to be wild, 
 
 And their pride to aduance, 
 
 A child that loues with gucgawes to be toying, 
 
 And with thinne fliadowes alwaies to be playing. 
 
 Loue is fweete, wherein fweete ? 
 
 In fading pleafures, wanton toyes, 
 
 Loue a Lord, and yet meete, 
 
 To croffe mens humours with annoyes : 
 
 A bitter pleafure, pleafing for a while, 
 
 A Lord is Loue that doth mans thoughts beguile. 
 O fmg no more, you do forget your Theame, 
 And haue prophan'd the facred name of Loue, 
 You dip your tongue in an vnwholfome Streame, 
 And from the golden Truth your notes remoue 
 
 In my harfli Dittie I will all reproue : 
 And vnaccuftom'd I will trie my skill, 
 To pleafure you, and to confute your will. 
 
 The Phcenix her Song to the Dittie before. 
 
 OHoly Loue, religious Saint, 
 Mans onely hony-tafting Pleafure, 
 Thy glory, learning cannot paint, 
 For thou art all our wordly Treafure : 
 Thou art the Treafure, Treafure of the foule. 
 That great celeftiall powers doft controule. 
 
 What greater bliffe then to embrace
 
 8o Kino- Arthur 
 
 fc) 
 
 The perfe6l patterne of Delight 
 
 Whofe heart-enchaunting Eye doth chafe 
 
 All ftormes of forow from mans fight 
 
 Pleafure, Delight, Wealth, and earth-ioyes do lye 
 In Venus bofome, bofome of pure beautie. 
 
 That mind that tafteth perfe6l Loue 
 Is farre remoted from annoy : 
 Cupid that God doth fit aboue, 
 That tips his Arrowes all with ioy : 
 
 And this makes Poets in their Verfe to fing 
 
 Loue is a holy, holy, holy thing. 
 
 Nature. Q voice Angelicall, O heauenly fong, 
 
 The golden praife of Loue that thou haft made, 
 Deliuerd from thy fvveete fmoothd honied tong, 
 Commaunds Loue felfe to lye within a fhade, 
 And yeeld thee all the Pleafures may be had : 
 Thy fweete melodious voice hath beautifide 
 And guilded Loues rich amours in her pride. 
 
 Plicenix. Enough, enough, Loue is a holy thing, 
 
 A power deuine, deuine, maiefticall : 
 
 In fliallow witted braines as you did fing. 
 
 It cares not for the force materiall, 
 
 And low-borne Swaines it nought refpe6ls at all : 
 She builds her Bower in none but noble minds, 
 And there due adoration ffcill fhe finds. 
 
 Nature. Stay Phcenix Hay, the euening Starre drawes nie. 
 And Phcebus he is parted irom our fight, 
 
 And 
 
 83
 
 A Dialogue. 8i 
 
 And with this Wagon mounted in the Skie, 
 
 Afifoording paffage to the gloomic night, 
 
 That doth the way-faring Parfcngcr affright : 
 And we are fet on foote neere to that lie, 
 In whofe deep bottome plaines Dchght doth fmile. 
 
 O what a muskie fent the ayre doth caft, Phccnix, 
 
 As if the Gods perfum'd it with fweete Myrrhe : 
 
 O how my bloud's infpired and doth tafte, 
 
 An alteration in my ioynts to ftirre, 
 
 As if the good did with the bad conferre : 
 
 The ayre doth moue my Spirites, purge my Sence, 
 
 And in my body doth new warre commence. 
 
 Looke round about, behold yon fruitfull Plaine, 
 Behold their meadow plots and pafture ground, 
 Behold their chryftall Riuers runne amaine, 
 Into the vafte huge Seas deuouring found, 
 And in her bowels all her filth is found : 
 
 It vomiteth by vertue all corruption, 
 
 Into that watrie plaine of defolation. 
 
 And while the day giues light vnto our eies, 
 Be thou attentiue, and I will relate, 
 The glorie of the plaines that thou defcri'ft, 
 Whofe fertill bounds farre doth extenuate, 
 Where Mars and Venus arme in arme haue fate : 
 
 Of plants of hearbs, and of high fpringing trees, 
 
 Of fweete delicious fauors, and of Bees. 
 
 In this delightfome countrey there doth grow, 
 
 M 
 
 80 
 
 M
 
 82 A Dialogue. 
 
 The Mandrake cald In Greeke Mandragoras, 
 Some of his vertues if you looke to know, 
 The iuyce that freflily from the roote doth paffe, 
 Purgeth all fleame like blacke Helleboriis : 
 
 Tis good for paine engendred in the eies ; 
 
 By wine made of the roote doth fleepe arife, 
 
 Theres Yellozv Croivbels and the Daphadill, 
 
 Good Harry, hej'be Robert, and white Cotida, 
 
 Adders graffe. Eglantine, and Ap ho dill, 
 
 Agnus Cajliis, and Acatia, 
 
 The Blacke A rke-A ngcll, Coloqnintida, 
 
 Sweete Sngar Canes, Sinkefoile, and boies Mercurie, 
 Goofefoote, Gold/nap, and good Gratia Dei. 
 
 Moffe of the Sea, and yellozv Snccorie, 
 
 Sweete Trefoile, Weedivind, the wholefome Worinewood, 
 
 Mnskmealons, Monjlaile, and Mercuric, 
 
 The dead Arkeangcll \hd,\. for wennes is good, 
 
 The Soiddiers pcrrow, and great S outlier neivood : 
 
 Stone hearts tongue, Bleffcd tJiiJile, and Sea Trifoly, 
 Ozir Ladies cujliion, and Spaines Pellitorie. 
 
 Phoenix. No doubt this Clymate where as thefe remaine, 
 The women and the men are fam'd for faire, 
 Here need they not of aches to complaine. 
 For Phifickes skill growes here without compare : 
 All herbes and plants within this Region are. 
 But by the way fweete Nature as you go. 
 Of Agnus Cajlus fpeake a word or two. 
 
 That 
 
 90
 
 A Dialogue 83 
 
 That fliall I briefly ; it is the very handmaid Nature. 
 
 To Vcjia, or to perfeft Chaftitie, 
 
 The hot inflamed fpirite is allaid 
 
 By this fwecte herbe that bends to Luxury, 
 
 It dricth vp the feede of Verier ie : 
 
 The leaues being laid vpon the fleepers bed, 
 With chaftneffe, cleanneffe, pureneffe he is fed. 
 
 Burne me the leaues, and ftraw them on the ground, 
 
 Whereas foule venemous Serpents vfe to haunt : 
 
 And by this vertue here they are not found, 
 
 Their operation doth fuch creatures daunt, 
 
 It caufeth them from thence for to auaunt : 
 
 If thou be ftung with Serpents great or leffe, 
 Drink but the feede, and thou flialt find redreffe. 
 
 But to proceed, heres Clary or Cleare-eie, 
 Calues fuouty Cukoe floivers, and the Cuckoes meate, 
 Calathian Violets, Dandelion, and the Dewherrie, 
 Leopards foote, and greene Spinage which we vfe to catc, 
 And the hot Lndian Sunne procuring heate : 
 
 Great wild Valerian, and the Withie wind 
 
 The water Crejfes, or ague-curing Woodbind. 
 
 There's Foxgloue, Forget me not, and Coliander, 
 Galingal, Goldaips, and Buprejlis, 
 Small honejlies, EyebrigJit, and Coculus Pantcr, 
 Do2tble tongue, Moly, and the bright AntJiilliSy 
 Smelling Clauer, and yEthiopis : 
 
 Floramore, Eiiphorbium, and Efula, 
 
 White bulbus violet, and Caffia fijlula. 
 M 2 
 
 91
 
 Sj. 
 
 A Dialosfue. 
 
 Phoenix. By the -way fweete NaUn-e tell me this. 
 
 Is this the Moly that is excellent, 
 
 For ftrong- enchauntments, and the Adders hiffe ? 
 
 Is this the Moly that Merairms fent 
 
 To wife Vlyjfes, when he did preuent 
 
 The witchcraft, and foule Circes damned charmes, 
 That would haue compaft him with twentie harmes ? 
 
 Nature. '^^is is the Moly growing in this land. 
 
 That was reueal'd by cunning Meixiirie 
 
 To great Vlyffes, making him withftand 
 
 The hand of Circes fatall forcerie. 
 
 That would haue loden him with miferie : 
 
 And ere we paffe He Ihew fome excellence. 
 Of other herbs in PJiifickes noble Science. 
 
 There Miigzuort, Sena and Tithimailes, 
 
 Oke of lernfalem, and Lyryconfaiicie, 
 
 Larkes fpiirre, Larkes clazu and LeJitiles, 
 
 Garden Nigella, Mill, and PioJiie, 
 
 Woody NightJJiade, Mints, and Sentorie, 
 Sowbread, Dragons, and Goates oregan 
 Pelemeum, Hellebore, and Ofmojid the V/atcrman. 
 
 Firft of this Mtigivori it did take the name, 
 Oi Artemefia wife to Manfolcns, 
 Where funne-bred beautie did his heart inflame. 
 When fhe was Queene of Helicarnajfus, 
 Diana gaue the herbe this name to vs : 
 
 Becaufe this vertue to vs it hath lent. 
 
 For womens matters it is excellent. 
 
 And 
 
 92
 
 A Dialo^cTue. 85 
 
 And he that fhall this herbe about him beare, 
 
 Is freed from hurt or daunger any way, 
 
 No poifned Toade nor Serpent fhall him fcare, 
 
 As he doth trauell in the Sunne-fhine day, 
 
 No wearineffe his limmes fhall ought affay : 
 
 And if he weare this JMugzvort at his breaft, 
 
 Being trauelling, he nere fhall couet reft. 
 
 There is blacke Hellebore cald ]\[clampodiuin, 
 
 Becaufe an Arcadian fhepheard firft did find 
 
 This wholfome herbe Melavipus nam'd of fome, 
 
 Which the rich Proetus daughters wits did bind, 
 
 When fhe to extreame madneffe was inclind : 
 
 It cured and reuiu'd her memorie. 
 
 That was poffeft with a continuall frenzie. ; 
 
 There Centric in Greeke Centaiirio7i, 
 
 That from the Centaure Chiron tooke the name, 
 
 In Spaine t'was cald Cintoria long agone, 
 
 And this much honor muft we giue the fame, 
 
 Wild Tygers with the leaues a man may tame : 
 
 Tis good for fmewed aches, and giues light 
 
 To the blacke miftie dimneffe of the fight. 
 
 Fames golden glorie fpreadeth this report, 
 
 Vpon a day that Chiron was a guefb. 
 
 To arme-ftrong Hereides and did refort 
 
 Vnto his houfe to a moft fumptuous feaft, 
 
 And welcome was the Centaure mongft the refl. 
 
 But fee his lucke, he on his foote let fall, 
 
 Great Herciits fliaft, and hurt himfelfe withal. 
 
 M 3 
 
 ?'?
 
 86 A Dialogue, 
 
 A mightie arrow not for him to weeld, 
 The wound being deepe, and with a venom'd point, 
 To Deaths areflment he began to yeeld, 
 And tliere with fundrie Bahnes they did annoint, 
 His wounded foote being ftrucken through the ioynt : 
 All would not ferue till that an old man brought, 
 This Centaitrie that eafe to him hath wrought. 
 
 There's Ofmo7id balcpate, Plebane, and Ocnhis Chrijli, 
 Sleeping nigJiiJliade, Salomons fealc, and Sanipire, 
 Sage of leriifaleni, and fweete Rofeniarie, 
 Great Pilofclla, Sengreene, and Alexaiidcr, 
 Knights Milfoile, Majiicke, and Stock e gillofcr, 
 Hearts eafe, herbe tzvopence, and Hennoda^ill, 
 Narciffiis, and the red flower Pinipernell. 
 
 Phoenix. That word Nareiffus is of force to fteale, 
 Cold running water from a ftony rocke : 
 Alas poore boy thy beautie could not heale 
 The wound that thou thyfelfe too deepe didft locke ; 
 Thy fliadowed eyes thy perfe6l eyes did mocke. 
 Falfe beautie fed true beautie from the deepe, 
 When in the glaffie water thou didft peepe. 
 
 O Loue thou art imperious full of might, 
 And doft reuenge the crie difdaining louer 
 His lookes to Ladies eyes did giue a light, 
 But pride of beautie, did his beautie fmother, 
 Like him for f^iire you could not find another : 
 Ah had he lou'd, and not on Ladies lower. 
 He neare had bene transformed to a flower. 
 
 This 
 
 Q-i
 
 A Dialogue. Hy 
 
 This is an Embleame for thofc painted faces, Nature. 
 
 Where dcuine beautic refts her for awhile, 
 
 Filling their browes with ftormes and great difgraces, 
 
 That on the pained foule yeelds not a fmile, 
 
 But puts true loue into perpetuall exile : 
 
 Hard hearted Soule, fuch fortune light on thee. 
 
 That thou maift be tranform'd as well as he. 
 
 Ah had the boy bene pliable to be wonne, 
 
 And not abufde his morne excelling face, 
 
 He might haue liu'd as beauteous as the Sunne, 
 
 And to his beautie Ladies would giue place, 
 
 But O proud Boy, thou wroughtft thine owne difgrace : 
 
 Thou lou'ft thy felfe, and by the felfe fame loue, 
 
 Didft thy deuineffe to a flower remoue. 
 
 But to proceed, theres Chrijii oailus, 
 
 The feede of this Hormimun drunke with wine, 
 
 Doth ftirre a procurations heate in vs. 
 
 And to Libidenous lufts makes men incline, 
 
 And mens vnable bodies doth refine : 
 
 It brings increafe by operation, 
 
 And multiplies our generation. 
 
 There's Garrets, Chendle, and the Ciicumer, 
 
 Red Paticns, Piirjlaiic, and Gingidium, 
 
 Oxeeie, flieepe killing Penygraffes, and the golden flower 
 
 Gtickoe pifitcH, our Ladies fcale, and Saga pinicm, 
 
 TJicophraJlus violet, and Vincetoxiciim : 
 
 Saini Peters wort, and louely Venus haire, 
 
 And Squilla, that keepes men from foule defpaire.
 
 88 A Dialogue. 
 
 O this word Carrets, if a number knew 
 
 The vertue of thy rare excelHng roote, 
 
 And what good help to men there doth enfue, 
 
 They would their lands, and their Hues fell to boote. 
 
 But thy fweete operation they would view : 
 
 Sad dreaming Louers flumbring in the night, 
 Would in thy honie working take delight. 
 
 The TJivacian Orpheus whofe admired skill 
 Infernall Pluto once hath rauiflied, 
 Caufmg high Trees to daunce againft their will, 
 And vntam'd Beaft with Muficks Harpe hath fed, 
 And fiflies to the fliore hath often led, 
 
 By his experience oftentimes did proue, 
 This Roote procur'd in Maides a perfe6l loue, 
 
 Purjlane doth comfort the inflamed hart, 
 
 And healeth the exulcerated kidnies : 
 
 It ftoppeth all defluxions falling fmart, 
 
 And when we fleepe expelleth dreames and fancies : 
 
 It driues Imaginations from our eyes, 
 
 The iuyce of Purjlane hindreth that defire 
 When men to Venus games would faine afpire. 
 
 Theres Rocket, lack by the hedge, and Loue in idlencjfe, 
 Knights zvater Sengrcene, and Silusr maidenheare, 
 Paris Naueivs, Tornefol, and towne Crcffes, 
 Starre thijile that for many things is deare. 
 And Scia that in Italy Corne doth beare : 
 
 Wakc-rohbins, Hyacinth, and Hartichocke, 
 Letuce that mens fence afleepe doth rocke. 
 
 O poore 
 
 9^
 
 A Dialogue. 
 
 O poore boy IlyacintJms thy fairc face 
 Of which Apollo was enamored, 
 Brought thy Hfes Lord too timely to that place. 
 Where playing with thee thou waft murdered, 
 And with thy bloud the graffe was fprinckled : 
 Thy bodie was transformed in that hower. 
 Into a red white mingled Gilli-flower, 
 
 89 
 
 PJcoenix. 
 
 But yet Apollo wept when he was flaine, 
 For playing with him, clcane againft his will 
 He made him breathleffe, this procur'd his paine : 
 True loue doth feldome feeke true loue to kill ; 
 O Loue thou many a6lions doft fulfill ! 
 
 Search, feek, & learn what things there may be fhown. 
 Then fay that Loues fweet fecrets are vnknowne. 
 
 And as a token of Apolloes forrow, 
 
 A filuer coloured Lillie did appeare, 
 
 The leaues his perfe6l fighes and teares did borrow. 
 
 Which have continued fbill from yeare to yeare ; 
 
 Which fliewes him louing, not to be feuere, 
 Ai ai'is w^-itten as a mourning Dittie, 
 Vpon this flower which fhewes Apolloes pittie. 
 
 O Schoole-boyes I will teach you fuch a fhift, 
 As will be worth a Kingdome when you know it. 
 An herbe that hath a fecret hidden drift, 
 To none but Treauants do I meane to fliow it. 
 And all deepe read Phifitions will allow it : 
 
 O how you play the wags, and fainc would heare 
 
 Some fecret matter to allay your feare. 
 N 
 
 Nature. 
 
 97
 
 go A Dialogue. 
 
 Theres garden Rocket, take me but the feed, 
 When in your Maiflers brow your faults remaine, 
 And when to faue your felues there is great need, 
 Being whipt or beaten you fliall feel no paine, 
 Although the bloud your buttocks feeme to ftaine : 
 It hardneth fo the flefh and tender skin, 
 That what is feene without comes not within. 
 
 The Father that defires to haue a boy, 
 
 That may be Heire vnto his land and lining. 
 
 Let his efpoufed Loue drinke day by day, 
 
 QiOO<\ ArticJiocks, who buds in Auguft bring, 
 
 Sod in cleare running water of the fpring ; 
 
 Wiues naturall Conception it doth ftrengthen. 
 And their declining life by force doth lengthen. 
 
 In Sommer time, when fluggifli idleneffe 
 Doth haunt the bodie of a healthfuU man. 
 In Winter time when a cold heauie flowneffe 
 Doth tame a womans ftrength do what fhe can. 
 Making her look both bloudleffe, pale and wan, 
 
 The vertue of this ArticJiocke is fuch, 
 
 It ftirres them vp to labour very much. 
 
 Theres Soivbread, Stamvort, and Starve of Hia^itfaleui, 
 
 Bafe or flat Veruine, and the wholefome Tanfie, 
 
 Go to bed at noojie, and Titiuialciii, 
 
 Hundred headed thijile, and tree-clafping lute, 
 
 Storks bill, great Stonccrop, and feed of Canary, 
 
 Dwarfe gentian, Snakezveed, and fommer Sauory, 
 Bell rags, prickly Boxe, and Rajpis of Coiientry. 
 
 I his 
 
 98
 
 A Dialogue. 9^ 
 
 This Soivbread is an herbe that's perillous, 
 For howfoeuer this fame Roote be vfed, 
 For women growne with child tis dangerous. 
 And therefore it is good to be refufed : 
 Vnleffe too much they fceke to be mifufed. 
 
 O haue a care how this you do apply, 
 
 Either in inward things or outwardly. 
 
 Thofe that about them carrie this fame Soivbread 
 
 Or plant it in their gardens in the Spring, 
 
 If that they onely ouer it do tread, 
 
 Twill kill the iffue they about them bring, 
 
 When Mother Lullabie with ioy fliould fmg: 
 
 Yet wanton fcaping Maides perhaps will tafb. 
 This vnkind herbe, and fnatch it up in haft. 
 
 Yet let me giue a warning to you all, 
 Do not prefume too much in dalliance, 
 Be not fliort-heeld with euery wind to fall : 
 The Eye of heauen perhaps will not difpence 
 With your rafh fault, but plague your fowle offence, 
 And take away the working and the vertue, 
 Becaufe to him you broke your promis'd dutie. 
 
 Theres hcie, that doth cling about the tree, 
 And with her leauie armes doth round embrace 
 The rotten hollow withered trunke we fee. 
 That from the maiden Ciffus tooke that place. 
 Grape-crowned Bacchus did this damzell grace : 
 Loue-piercing windowes dazeled fo her eye, 
 That in Loues ouer-kindneffe flie did dye. 
 • N 2 
 
 QO
 
 92 A Dialogue. 
 
 A rich-wrought fumptuous Banquet was prepared, 
 Vnto the which the Gods were all inuited : 
 Amongft them all this Ciffns was infnared, 
 And in the fight of Bacchus much delighted : 
 In her faire bofome was true Loue vnited, 
 
 She daunc't and often kift him with fuch mirth, 
 That fudden ioy did ftop her vitall breath. 
 
 Affoone as that the Nouriflier of things, 
 Our Grandam Earth had tafted of her bloud, 
 From foorth her bodie a frefli Plant there fprings, 
 And then an ///j^-climing Herbe there ftood, 
 That for the fluxe Diffenterie is good : 
 
 For the remembrance of the God of wine, 
 It therefore alwaies clafpes about the Vine. 
 
 There is Angellica or Dwarfe Gentian, 
 Whofe roote being dride in the hot lliining Sunne, 
 From death it doth preferue the poyfoned man, 
 Whofe extreame torment makes his life halfe gone, 
 That from deaths mixed potion could not fliunne : 
 No Peftilence nor no infectious aire, 
 Shall do him hurt, or caufe him to difpaire. 
 
 Theres Cardmts benedi6lus cald the Bleffcd thijlle, 
 Nejzuort, Peniroyall, and AJirolochia, 
 Yellozv Wolfs-bcDie, and Rofe-fmelling Bramble, 
 Our Ladies Bcdjlraiv, Brookelinie, and Lunar ia. 
 Cinque foile, Cats taile, and Crcffe Sciatica, 
 Hollihockcs, Moufeare, and Pcty Morrcll 
 Sage, Scorpiades, and the garden sorrcll. 
 
 Firft 
 
 100 
 
 ....^-. - ^ — ■
 
 A Dialogue. 93 
 
 Firft of the Nefcivort, it doth driue away, 
 And poyfoncth troublefonie Mice and long-tail'd Rats, 
 And being fod in milkc, it doth defbroy 
 Bees, Wafpes, or Flies, and litlc flinging Gnats : 
 It killeth Dogs, and reft difturbing Cats, 
 Boyled with vineger it doth affwage 
 The ach proceeding from the tooths hot rage. 
 
 Sage is an herbe for health preferuatiue. 
 
 It doth expell from women barrenncffe : 
 
 Stilts faith, it makes the child to hue, 
 
 Whofe new-knit ioynts are full of feebleneffe, 
 
 And comforteth the mothers wearineffe : 
 Adding a liuely fpirit, that doth good 
 Vnto the painefull labouring wiues ficke bloud. 
 
 In Egypt when a great mortalitie. 
 
 And killing Peftilence did infe6l the Land, 
 
 Making the people die innumerablie. 
 
 The plague being ceafb, the women out of hand 
 
 Did drinke of iuyce of Sage continually. 
 
 That made them to increafe and multiply, 
 And bring foorth ftore of children prefently. 
 
 This herbe Liiiiaria, if a horfe do grafe 
 
 Within a medow where the fame doth grow, 
 
 And ouer it doth come with gentle pace, 
 
 Hauing a horflocke at his foote below, 
 
 As many haue, that fauegard we do know. 
 It openeth the Locke, and makes it fall, 
 Defpight the barre that it is lockt withall. 
 N3 
 
 TOT
 
 94 A Dialogue. 
 
 Theres Standergras, Hares ballockes, or great Orchis, 
 
 Prouoketh Vejius, and procureth fport, 
 
 It helpes the weakned body that's amiffe, 
 
 And fals away in a confumptuous fort, 
 
 It heales the HcBiqjie feauer by report : 
 
 But the dried fliriueld roote being withered, 
 Hindreth the vertue we haue vttered. 
 
 If Man of the great fpringing rootes doth eate, 
 
 Being in matrimoniall copulation, 
 
 Male children of his wife he fliall beget. 
 
 This fpeciall vertue hath the operation, 
 
 If Women make the withered rootes their meate, 
 Faire louely Daughters, affable, and wife, 
 From their frefli fpringing loines there fliall arife. 
 
 There's Rofeinarie, the Arabians iuftifie, 
 {PJiifitions of exceeding perfefl skill,) 
 It comforteth the braine and Memorie, 
 And to the inward fence giues ftrength at will, 
 The head with noble knowledge it doth fill. 
 
 Conferues thereof refbores the fpeech being loft. 
 And makes a perfect Tongue with little coft. 
 
 Theres Dwale or NightJJiade, tis a fatall plant. 
 It bringeth men into a deadly fleepe, 
 Then Rage and Anger doth their fenfes haunt, 
 And like mad Aiax they a coile do keepe. 
 Till leane-fac'd Death into their heart doth creepe, 
 In Almaine graue experience hath vs tought, 
 This wicked herbe for manie things is nour^ht. 
 
 Oke 
 
 T02
 
 A Dialogue. 95 
 
 Oke of lerufalem being throughly dried, 
 And laid in preffes where your clothes do lie, 
 No Mothes or venome mongft them fliall abide, 
 It makes them fmell fo odoriferoufly, 
 That it doth kill them all immediately : 
 
 It helpes the breaft that's flopped with corruption. 
 
 And giues mans breath fit operation. 
 
 Bleft be our mother Earth that nouriflieth, Phcenix. 
 
 In her rich womb the feede of Times increafe. 
 
 And by her vertue all things flouriflieth, 
 
 When from her bofome flie doth them releafe, 
 
 But are their Plants and Trees in this faire He, 
 Where Floras fweete fpread garden feemes to fmile ? 
 
 As plentiful! vnto thefe Ilanders, Nature. 
 
 Are the fruit-bearing Trees, as be the Flowers : 
 And to the chiefeft Lords that are commanders, 
 They feme as pleafant ouer-fliading bowers, 
 
 To banquet in the day, and fport being late, 
 
 And moft of them I meane to nominate. 
 
 Ther's the great fturdie Oke and fpreading Vine, 
 
 Vnder whofe branches BaccJms vfd' to fleepe, 
 
 The Rofe-tree and the loftie bearing Piiie, 
 
 That feemes fbeing toucht with w^indj full oft to weepe, 
 
 The HaivtJiorne, ClLviJls-thorne and the Rofejnary, 
 
 The Tamariske, Willow, and the Almond-tree. 
 
 The moft chaft tree, that ChafLnefic doth betoken, 
 The Hollyhobne, the Corke and Goo/eberrie, 
 
 103
 
 96 A Dialogue. 
 
 That neuer with tempeftuous ftormes is fhooken, 
 
 The Olinc, Philbcrt, and the Barberie, 
 
 The Mafticke tree whofe Hquicl gumme being dride, 
 Is good for them that Rheume hath terrified. 
 
 Theres ludas tree, fo cal'd becaufe that lezv, 
 That did betray the innocent Lambe of God, 
 There firffc of all his forrowes to renew, 
 Did hang himfelfe, plagu'd with a heauy rod, 
 A iuft reward for fuch an vniuft flaue. 
 That would betray his Maifter to the graue. 
 
 Theres AJJi-trce, Maple, and the Sycamore, 
 Pomegranate, Apricockcs and hmipcre : 
 The Turpentine that fweet iuyce doth deplore. 
 The Qnince, the Pcare-tree, and the young mans Medlar, 
 The Fig-tree, Orenge, and the fweet moift Leinjnon, 
 The NiUmcg, Plum-tree, and the louely Cytron. 
 
 Now for the Mirtle tree, it beares the name, 
 
 Being once the gods Pallas beft bcloued. 
 
 Of Merfin the younge fair Atlienian Dame, 
 
 Becaufe in acliueneffe fhe much excelled : 
 The luftie young men oi At] tenia, 
 She ftill was honour'd of the wife Mineriia. 
 
 Who willing her at Tilt and Tournament, 
 At running, vaulting, and Acliuitie, 
 And other exercife of gouernement. 
 Not to be abfcnt from her Deitie : 
 
 Becaufe that flie as ludge might giuc the Crowne, 
 
 And 
 
 T04
 
 A Dialogue. 97 
 
 And garland to the Vi6lors great renowne. 
 
 But no forepaffed age was free from E/mie, 
 
 That fpitefuU honor-crazing enemy : 
 
 For on a time giuing the cquall glorie 
 
 To him that wan it moft deferuedly, 
 
 The vanquifher in furie much difpleafed, 
 Slue Merfin whom the Goddeffe fauourcd. 
 
 Pallas ofifended with their crueltie, 
 
 Did gratefully reuengc her Maidens death, 
 
 Transforming her into a Mirtle tree, 
 
 Sweetly to flourifli in the lower earth : 
 
 The berries are a meanes for to redreffe 
 (^Being deco6ledj fwolne-fac'd Drunkenneffe, 
 
 The ftormie Winters greene remaining Bay 
 Was Dapline, Ladon and the Earths faire daughter, 
 Whom wife Apollo haunted in the day, 
 Till at the length by chaunce alas he caught her : 
 O if fuch faults were in the Gods abouc, 
 Blame not poore filly men if they do loue. 
 
 But flie not able (almoft out of breath j 
 
 For to refifb the wife Gods humble fute, 
 
 Made her petition to her mother Earth, 
 
 That flie would fuccour her, and make her mute : 
 The Earth being glad to eafe her miferic. 
 Did fwallow her, and turn'd her to a Bay tree. 
 
 Apollo being amazed at this fight, 
 
 O 
 
 to^
 
 98 A Dialgoue. 
 
 Named It Daphne for his Daphnes honour, 
 Twifting a Garland to his hearts delight, 
 And on his head did weare it as a fauour : 
 And to this day the Bay trees memorle 
 Remaines as token of true Prophefie. 
 
 Some of the heathen, men of opinion, 
 Suppofe the greene-leau'd Bay tree can refifl: 
 Inchauntments, fpirites, and illufion, 
 And make them feeme as fhadowes in a mift, 
 This tree is dedicate onely to the Sunne, 
 Becaufe her vertue from his vice besfonne. 
 
 -t>^ 
 
 Tlie Mo/e-tree. hath fuch great large fpreading leaues. 
 That you may wrap a child of twelue months old 
 In one of them, vnleffe the truth deceaues. 
 For fo our Herborijls haue truly told : 
 By that great Citie AlepJi in Affyria, 
 This tree was found hard by Venetia. 
 
 The fruite hereof (the Greekes and Chrijiians) 
 
 That do remaine in that large-fpreading Citie, 
 
 The misbeleeuing Teives and Pej'fiaiis, 
 
 Hold this opinion for a certaintie : 
 Adam did eate in liuely Paradife, 
 That wrapt mans free-borne foules in miferics. 
 
 PJicenix. Thefe trees, thefc plants, and this defcription, 
 Of their fwcete liquid gums that are diftilling. 
 Are to be held in eflimation. 
 For faire-fac'd Tellus glorie is excelling : 
 
 But 
 
 \ob
 
 A Dialogue. 99 
 
 But what white siluer'd rich refcmbling plaine, 
 Is that where woodclic moouing trees remaine? 
 
 That is the watry kingdome o{ Ncpiimus, Nature. 
 
 Where his high wood-made Towers dayly flote, 
 
 Bearing the title of Occanus, 
 
 As hony-fpeaking Poets oft do quote : 
 
 And as the branches fpreading from the tree. 
 
 So do the Riuers grace this louely Countrie. 
 
 Wherein is bread for mans fweete nourifliment, 
 Fifhes of fundry forts and diuerfe natures, 
 That the inhabitants doth much content, 
 As a relieuement to all mortall creatures. 
 
 But for to make you perfe6l what they be, 
 
 I will relate them to you orderly. 
 
 There fwimmes the gentle Praivne and PickercU, 
 
 A great deuourer of fmall little fifh, 
 
 The Pu^fi, Sole, and Sommer louing Mackrcll, 
 
 In feafon held for a high Ladies difli : 
 
 The bigge bon'd Whale, of whom the skilfull Marriner, 
 Sometimes God knowes (lands in a mightie terrour. 
 
 The muficke-louing Dolphin here doth fwimme, 
 That brought Arion on his backe to fliore, 
 And ftayd a long while at the Seas deepe bn'mme, 
 To hear him play, in nature did deplore, 
 
 As being loth to leaue him, but at lafl 
 
 Headlong himfelfe into the Sea he caft. 
 O 2 
 
 107
 
 100 
 
 A Dialocfue. 
 
 Phcenix. 
 
 Nature. 
 
 Here fwimmes the Ray, the Sca-calfe and the Porpoifc, 
 That doth betoken raine or ftormes of weather, 
 The Sea-horfe, Sea-hound, and the wide-mouth'd Plaice, 
 A Spitchcoke, Stocke-fiJJi, and the htle Pilcher, 
 Whofe onely moifture preft by cunning Art, 
 Is good for thofe troubled with Aches fmart. 
 
 Here fwimmes the Shad, the Spitfijli, and the Spiirlingy 
 The TJwrnebacke, Tiirbot, and the Peretvincle, 
 The Tzvine, the Trout, the Scallop, and the Whitingy 
 The Scate, the Roch, the Tench and pretie Wrincle : 
 
 The Pitiplc-fijli, whofe Hquor vfually, 
 
 A violet colour on the cloth doth die. 
 
 Here fwimmes the PcarcJi, the Cuttle and the Stockc-fifli, 
 That with a wooden flafife is often beaten, 
 The Crab, the PearcJi, which poore men alwayes wifh, 
 The Rnffe, the Piper good for to be eaten : 
 
 The Barbell that three times in euery yeare, 
 Her natural young ones to the waues doth beare. 
 
 His great deuine Omnipotence is mightie, 
 
 That rides vpon the Heauens axeltree, 
 
 That by increafe amongft vs fends fuch plentie, 
 
 If to his Mightineffe grateful we will be : 
 
 But llubborne necked leivcs do him prouoke, 
 Till he do loade them with a heauie yoke. 
 
 Truth haue you faid ; but I will here expreffe 
 
 The richeffe of the Earths hid lecrecie, 
 
 The fait Seas vnfeene, vnknowne worthineffc. 
 
 That 
 
 Tr^ 
 
 ■j^^ tiWJ gg* ■ »T -W
 
 A Dialogue. loi 
 
 That yeelds vs precious ftoncs innumerably, 
 The rareneffe of their vertue fit for Kings, 
 And fuch this countrie chmate often brinirs. 
 
 '&- 
 
 Herein is found the Ainatijl, and Abcjlonc, 
 
 The Topaze, Turches, and Gclatia, 
 
 The Adamant, Dionifc, and Calccdon, 
 
 The Bcrill, Marble and EhUi'opia, 
 
 The Ruby, Saphire, and AJlerites, 
 The lacintli, Sardoiiix, and A rgiritcs. 
 
 The Smaragd, Carbuncle, and Alablajler, 
 Cornellis, Criifopaffe, and Cor rail: 
 The fparkHng Diamond, and the louely laper, 
 The Margarite, Lodcjlone, and the bright-ey'd Chryjlall, 
 Ligurius, Onix, Nitnim, and G agates, 
 Abfijlos, Amatitcs, and the good Achates. 
 
 Here in this Hand are there mines of Gold, 
 Mines of Silner, Iron, Tinne and Z-?«(^, 
 That by the labouring workman we behold : 
 And mines of Braffe, that in the Earth is fed, 
 
 The ftone Lipparia, Gala£lites, and Panteron, 
 Enidros, Iris, Dracontitcs, and AJirion. 
 
 The Adamant, a hard obdurate ftone, 
 
 Inuincible, and not for to be broken, 
 
 Being placed neare a great bigge barre of Iron, 
 
 This vertue hath it, as a fpeciall token, 
 
 The Lodejlone hath no power to draw away 
 The Iron barre, but in one place doth ftay. 
 O 3 
 
 101
 
 102 A Dialogue. 
 
 Yet with a Goates warme, frefli and liuely blood, 
 This Adamant doth breake and riue in funder, 
 That manie mightie, huge ftrokes hath withftood : 
 But I will tell you of a greater wonder, 
 
 It reconciles the womans loue being loft, 
 And giueth proofe of Chaftneffe without coft. 
 
 The purple coloured Amatijl doth preuaile 
 
 Againft the wit-oppreffing Drunkenneffe, 
 
 If euill Cogitations do affaile 
 
 Thy fleepie thoughts wrapt vp in heauineffe. 
 
 It foone will driue them from thy minds diflurbing, 
 And temporize thy braine that is offending. 
 
 The white- veind enterlin'd ftone Achates, 
 Befpotted here and there with fpots like blood,. 
 Makes a man gracious in the peoples eyes, 
 And for to cleare the fight is paffmg good : 
 
 It remedieth the place that's venemous, 
 
 And in the fire fmels odoriferous. 
 
 The Gemme Amatitcs hath this qualitie, 
 
 Let a man touch his vefture with the fame, 
 
 And it refifteth her mightily : 
 
 The vertue doth the force of burning tame. 
 And afterwards caft in the fiers light, 
 Burnes not at all, but then it feemes moft bright 
 
 The faire ftone Berrill is fo precious, 
 That mightie men do hold it verie rare : 
 It frees a man from a6lions perillous, 
 
 If 
 
 T 10
 
 
 A Dialogue. 103 
 
 
 If of his lifcs dcarc blood he hauc a care, 
 
 And now and then being put into the Eyes, 
 Defends a man from all his enemies. 
 
 
 The ftone Ccraniciim fpotted ore with blue, 
 Being fafe and chaflly borne within the hand, 
 Thunders hote raging cracks that do enfue 
 It doth expell, and Lightnings doth withftand, 
 Defending of the houfe that many keepe, 
 And is effecluall to bring men afleepe. 
 
 
 The Diamond the worlds refle6ling eye, 
 The Diamond the heauens bright fhining ftarre, 
 The Diamond the earths mofb pureft glorie : 
 And with the Diamond no Stone can compare ; 
 She teacheth men to fpeake, and men to loue, 
 If all her rareft vcrtues you will proue. 
 
 * 
 
 The Diamond taught Muficke firft his cunning, 
 The Diamond taught Poetry her skill, 
 The Diamond gaue Lawyers firft their learning, 
 A rithmeticke the Diamond taught at will : 
 
 She teacheth all Arts : for within her eye, 
 The knowledge of the world doth fafely lye. 
 
 
 Dradocos is a ftone that's pale and wan, 
 It brings to fome men thoughts fantafticall : 
 It being layd vpon a cold dead Man, 
 Lofeth the vertue it is grac'd withall ; 
 
 Wherefore tis called the moft holy ftone : 
 For, whereas Death frequenteth it is gone. 
 
 
 Tir
 
 104 ^ Dialogue. 
 
 Achitcs is in colour violet, 
 
 Found on the Bankes of this delightfome place. 
 Both male and female in this Land we get : 
 Whofe vertue doth the Princely Eagle grace ; 
 
 For being borne by her into her nelr, 
 
 She bringeth foorth her young ones with much reft. 
 
 This ftone being bound faft to a womans fide, 
 Within whofe pureft wombe her child is lying, 
 Doth haften child-birth, and doth make her bide 
 But litle paine, her humours is releafing. 
 
 If anie one be guiltie of Deceit, 
 
 This fione will caufe him to forfake his meate. 
 
 Enidros is the ftone that's alwayes fweating, 
 Diftilling liquid drops continually : 
 And yet for all his daily moifture melting. 
 It keepes the felfe fame bigneffe ftedfaftly : 
 It neuer leffeneth, nor doth fall away. 
 But in one ftedfaft perfeclneffe doth ftay. 
 
 Perpetiiifletus lacJiryrnas dijiillat Enidros, 
 Qui velut ex plcni fontis fcatiirigi'iie manat. 
 
 Gagates fmelling like to Frankenfence, 
 Being left whereas the poifnous Serpents breed, 
 Driues them away, and doth his force commence, 
 Making this beaft on barren plaines to feed, 
 
 And there to ftarue and pine away for meate. 
 Became being there he finds no foode to eate. 
 
 This ftone being put in a faire womans drinke, 
 
 Will 
 
 TT2
 
 A Dialogue. 
 
 Will teftifie her pure Virginitie, 
 A mod rare thing that fome men neuer thinkc, 
 Yet you fliall giue your iugdement eafily, 
 For if fhe make her water prefently, 
 Then hath this Woman loft her honcflic. 
 
 The lacinth is a neighbour to the Saphire, 
 That doth transforme it felfe to fundrie fights, 
 Sometimes tis blacke and cloudie, fometimes clc 
 And from the mutable ayre borrowes lights : 
 It giueth ftrength and vigor in his kind, 
 And faire fweete quiet fleepe brings to the m 
 
 Radiates being clearely coloured, 
 
 Borne about one doth make him eloquent, 
 
 And in great honour to be fauoured, 
 
 If he do vfe it to a good intent, 
 
 Foule venemous Serpents it doth bring in awe, 
 And cureth paine and griefe about the mawe. 
 
 The iron-drawing Lode-fhone if you fet 
 
 Within a veffell, either Gold or Braffe, 
 
 And place a peece of Iron vnder it, 
 
 Of fome indifferent fize or fmalleft compaffe, 
 
 The Lodeftone on the top will caufe it moue, 
 And by his vertue mcete with it aboue. 
 
 The Meade ftone coloured like the graffie greene, 
 Much gentle eafe vnto the Goute hath donne, 
 And helpeth thofe being troubled with the Spleene, 
 Mingled with Womans milke bearing a Sonne : 
 
 P 
 
 TT3
 
 io6 A Dialogue. 
 
 It remedi'th the wit-affailing Frenzic, 
 And purgeth the fad mind of Melanchohe. 
 
 The ftone Orites fpotted ore with white, 
 
 Being worne, or hung about a womans necke, 
 
 Prohibiteth Conception and DeHght, 
 
 And the child-bearing wombe by force doth checke : 
 Or elfe it hafl'neth her deliuerie, 
 And makes the birth vnperfe6l and vntimely. 
 
 Skie colour'd Saphire Kings and Princes weare, 
 
 Being held mofb precious in their iudging fight ; 
 
 The verie touch of this doth throughly cure 
 
 The Carbuncles enraging hateful! fpight : 
 It d&tli delight and recreate the Eyes, 
 And all bafe groffeneffe it doth quite defpile. 
 
 If in a boxe you put an inuenomd Spider, 
 Whofe poifonous operation is annoying. 
 And on the boxes top lay the true Saphire, 
 The vertue of his power fhewes vs his cunning, 
 
 He vanquiflieth the Spider, leaues him dead, 
 
 And to Apollo now is confecrated. 
 
 The frefli greene colour'd Sviaragd doth excell 
 
 All Trees, Boughs, Plants, and new frefh fpringing Leaues : 
 
 The hote refle6ling Sunne can neuer quell 
 
 Kis vertue, that no eyefight ere deceiues, 
 
 But ore faire Pha'biis glorie it triumpheth, 
 And the dimme duskie Eyes it poliflieth. 
 
 The 
 
 114
 
 A Dialogue. 
 
 '6' 
 
 IC7 
 
 Tlie valiant Ccrfar tooke his chiefe delight, 
 By looking on the Xi^apov^ excellence, 
 To fee his Romanc fouldicis how they fight, 
 And view what wards they had for their defence, 
 
 And who exceld in perfe6l chiualrie, 
 
 And noblefl bore himfelfe in vi6lorie. 
 
 This Stone doth feme to Diuination, 
 
 To tell of things to come, and things being paft, 
 
 And mongft vs held in eftimation, 
 
 Giuing the ficke mans meat a gentle taft : 
 
 If things fliall be, it keepes in the Mind, 
 
 If not, forgetfulneffe our Eyes doth blind. 
 
 The Tiirches being worne in a Ring, 
 
 If any Gentleman hath caufe to ride 
 
 Supports, and doth fuftaine him from all falling, 
 
 Or hurting of him felfe what ere betide : 
 And ere he fuffer anie fearefull danger. 
 Will fall it felfe, and breake, and burft a funder. 
 
 Thefe wondrous things of Nature to mens cares Phceniz. 
 
 Will almoft prove (fweete Nature) incredible. 
 
 But by Times ancient record it appeares, 
 
 Thefe hidden fecrets to be memorable : 
 
 For his diuineffe that hath wrought this wonder. 
 Rules men and beafts, the lightning and the thunder. 
 
 For the worlds blindnefie and opinion. Nature. 
 
 I care not PJiccnix, they are misbeleeuing, 
 And if their eyes trie not concluf on, 
 
 P 2 
 
 Til
 
 io8 A Dialogue. 
 
 They will not trufb a flrangers true reporting. 
 
 With Beads and Birds I will conclude my ftoric. 
 And to that All-in-all yeeld perfe6l glorie. 
 
 In yonder woodie groue and fertile plaine, 
 
 Remaines the Leopard and the watrie Badga\ 
 
 The Bugle or wild Oxe doth there remainc, 
 
 The Onocentanre and the cruell Tyger, 
 
 The Droniidary and the princely Lion, 
 
 The Bore, the Elephant, and the poifnous Di agon. 
 
 The ftrong neck'd Bull that neuer felt the yoke, 
 The Cat, the Dog, the Wolfe, and cruell Viper, 
 The lurking Hare that pretie fport prouokes, 
 The Goatebucke, Hedgehogge, and the fwiftfoote Panther, 
 The Horfe, Caineleopard and ftrong pawd Beare, 
 The Ape, the Affe, and the moft fearefull Deare. 
 
 The Mojife, the Mnle, the Sow and Sedamander, 
 
 That from the burning fire cannot liue, 
 
 The Weafell, Camviell and the hunted Beauer, 
 
 That in purfute away his flones doth giue : 
 The Stellio, Canielion and Vnicorne, 
 That doth expell hot poifon with his Home. 
 
 The cruell Beare in her conception, 
 
 Brings forth at firfl a thing that's indigeft, 
 
 A lump of flefli without all fafliion, 
 
 Which fhe by often licking brings to reft, 
 Making a formal body good and found. 
 Which often in this Hand we have found. 
 
 Hie 
 
 11(5
 
 A Dialogue. IC9 
 
 Hie format lingua fcstiim, qiiem proiulit Vrfa. 
 
 The great wild Bore of nature terrible, 
 
 With two ftrong Tuflies for his Armorie, 
 
 Sometimes affailcs the Bcarc moft horrible, 
 
 And twixt them is a fight both fierce and deadly : 
 He hunteth after Marioravi and Organic, 
 Which as a whetftone doth his need fupplie. 
 
 The Bugle or wild Oxe is neuer tam'd, 
 But with an iron ring put through his fnout, 
 That of fome perfe6t flrength muft needs be fram'd, 
 Then may you leade him all the world about : 
 The Huntfmen find him hung within a tree, 
 Faft by the homes and then thy vfe no pittie. 
 
 The Camell is of nature flexible, 
 
 P'or when a burden on his backe is bound, 
 
 To eafe the labourer, he is knowne moft gentle, 
 
 For why he kneeleth downe vpon the ground : 
 
 Suffering the man to put it off or on, 
 
 As it feemes beft in his difcretion. 
 
 They liue fome fiftie or fome hundred yeares, 
 And can remaine from water full foure dayes, 
 And moft delight to drinke when there appeares, 
 A muddie fpring that's troubled many wayes : 
 Between them is a naturall honeft care, 
 If one conioyneth with his Damme, tis rare. 
 
 The Dragon is a poifnous venom'd beaft, 
 
 P 3 
 
 117
 
 no A Dialogue. 
 
 With whom the Elephant is at enmitie, 
 And in contention they do neuer reft, 
 Till one hath flaine the other cruelly : 
 
 The Dragon with the Elephant tries a fall, 
 And beinsf vnder he is flaine withall. 
 
 'fc> 
 
 The bunch-backt, big-bon'd, fwift-foote Dromidary 
 Of Drovias the Greeke word borrowing the name. 
 For his quicke flying fpeedy property : 
 Which eafily thefe countreymen do tame, 
 
 Hel' go a hundredth miles within one day, 
 
 And neuer feeke in any place to ftay. 
 
 The Dogge a naturall, kind, and louing thing, 
 As witneffeth our Hiftories of old : 
 Their maifter dead, the poore foole with lamenting 
 Doth kill himfelfe before accounted bold : 
 
 And would defend his maifter if he might. 
 
 When cruelly his foe begins to fight. 
 
 The Elephant with tuflies luorie, 
 
 Is a great friend to man as he doth trauell : 
 
 The Dragon hating man moft fpitefully, 
 
 The Elephant doth with the Dragon quarell : 
 
 And twixt them two is a moft deadly ftrife, 
 Till that the man be paft, and fau'd his life. 
 
 The Elephant feene in Aftronomy, 
 Will eucry month play the Phifition : 
 Taking delight his cunning tor to try, 
 Giuing himfelfe a fweete purgation, 
 
 And 
 
 it8
 
 A Dialogue. 1 1 1 
 
 ■^t> 
 
 And to the running fprings himfelfc addrcffe, 
 And in the fame wa(h off his filthineffe, 
 
 The Gote-bticke is a beaft lafciuious, 
 
 And giuen much to filthy vcnerie ; 
 
 Apt and prone to be contentious, 
 
 Seeking by craft to kill his enemy : 
 
 His bloud being warme fuppleth the Adamant, 
 That neither fire or force could euer daunt. 
 
 The Hedghogge hath a fliarpe quicke thorned garment, 
 That on his backe doth ferue him for defence : 
 He can prefage the winds incontinent, 
 And hath good knowledge in the difference 
 
 Betweene the Southerne and the Northren wind, 
 Thefe vertues are allotted him by kind. 
 
 Whereon in Conjlaniinoplc that great City, 
 A marchant in his garden gaue one nourifliment : 
 By which he knew the winds true certainty, 
 Becaufe the HedgcJwgge gaue him iuft prefagement : 
 Apples, or peares, or grapes, fuch is his meate, 
 Which on his backe he caries for to eate. 
 
 The fpotted Linx in face much like a Lyon, 
 
 His vrine is of fuch a qualitie. 
 
 In time it turneth to a precious ftone, 
 
 Called Ligarins for his property : 
 
 He hateth man fo much, that he doth hide 
 His vrine in the earth, not to be fpide. 
 P. 4 
 
 TTO
 
 112 A Dialogue. 
 
 The princely Lion King of forreft-Kings, 
 
 And chiefe Commaunder of the Wilderneffe, 
 
 At whofe faire feete all Beafts lay downe their offrings, 
 
 Yeelding alleageance to his worthineffe : 
 
 His ftrength remaineth moft within his head, 
 
 His vertue in his heart is compaffed. 
 
 He neuer wrongs a man, nor hurts his pray, 
 
 If they will yeeld fubmifsiue at his feete, 
 
 He knoweth when the Lioncffc playes falfe play, 
 
 If in all kindneffe he his loue do meete : 
 
 He doth defend the poore and innocent, 
 And thofe that cruel-hearted Beafts haue rent. 
 
 Then is't not pittie that the craftie Foxe, 
 The rauenous Wolfe, the Tyger, and the Beare, 
 The flow-paft-dull-brain'd heauie Oxe, 
 Should ftriue fo good a ftate to ouerweare ? 
 
 The Lion fleepes and laughes to fee them flriue, 
 But in the end leaues not a beafb aliue. 
 
 The Onoccntaur is a monftrous beaft ; 
 
 Suppofed halfe a man and halfe an affe, 
 
 That neuer fliuts his eyes in quiet reft, 
 
 Till he his foes deare life hath round encompaft, 
 Such were the Ccntanres in their tyrannie, 
 That liu'd by humane flefli and villanie. 
 
 The Stcllio is a beaft that takes his breath, 
 And liueth by the deaw thats heauenly, 
 Taking his Food and Spirit of the earth, 
 
 And 
 
 120
 
 A Dialogue. 1 1 3 
 
 And fo maintaincs his life in chaftitie, 
 
 He takes delight to counterfeit all colours, 
 And yet for all this he is venimous. 
 
 Tis ftrange to heare fuch perfect difference, Pltccnix. 
 
 In all things that his Mightineffe hath fram'd 
 
 Tis ftrange to heare their manner of defence, 
 
 Amongft all creatures that my Ntirfe hath nam'd : 
 Are there no Wormes nor Serpents to be found 
 In this fweete fmelling He and fruitful ground ? 
 
 Within a little corner towards the Eaft, Nature. 
 
 A moorifli plot of earth and dampifh place. 
 Some creeping Wormes and Serpents vfe to reft, 
 And in a manner doth this bad ground grace : 
 
 It is vnpeopled and vnhabited, 
 
 For there with poifonous ayre they are fed. 
 
 Here hues the Wormc, the Gnat and GraJJiopper, 
 Rinatrix, Lizard, and the fruitfuU Bee, 
 The Mothe, Chelidras, and the Bloodfucker, 
 That from the flefh fuckes bloud moft fpeedily : 
 
 Cerajlis, A/pis and the Crocadile, 
 
 That doth the way-faring paftenger beguile. 
 
 The labouring A7it, and the beipeckled Adder, 
 The Frogge, the Todc, and Sommer-haunting Flie, 
 The prettie Silkczvonnc, and the poifnous Viper, 
 That with his teeth doth wound moft cruelly: 
 
 The Hornet and the poifonous Cockatrice, 
 
 That kills all birds by a moft flic deuice. 
 
 Q 
 
 I2T
 
 114 -^ Dialogue. 
 
 The A/pis is a kind of deadly Snake,' 
 He hurts moft perillous with venom'd fling, 
 And in purfute doth neare his foe forfake, 
 But flaies a Man with poyfnous venoming : 
 
 Betweene the male and female is fuch loue, 
 As is betwixt the moft kind TiLvtle done. 
 
 This is the Snake that Cleopatj'a vfed, 
 The Egyptian Queene belou'd oi Anthony, 
 That with her breafts deare bloud was nourifhed. 
 Making her die (faire foule) moft patiently, 
 
 Rather than Ccefars great victorious hand, 
 Should triumph ore the Queene of fuch a land. 
 
 The Lizard is a kind of louing creature, 
 
 Efpecially to man he is a friend : 
 
 This property is giuen him by nature, 
 
 From dangerous beafts poore Man he doth defend : 
 For being fleepy he all fence forfaketh, 
 The Lizard bites him till the man awaketh. 
 
 The Ant or Emote is a labouring thing. 
 And haue amongft them all a publike weale, 
 In fommer time their meate they are prouiding, 
 And fecrets mongft themfelues they do conceale : 
 The monftrous huge big Beare being fickly, 
 Eating of thefe, is cured prefently. 
 
 The truiti'ull prety Bee lines in the hiue. 
 Which unto him is like a peopled City, 
 And by their daily labour there they thriue, 
 
 Bringing 
 
 122
 
 A Dialogue. 1 15 
 
 Bringing home honied waxe continually : 
 They are reputed ciuill, and hauc kings, 
 And guides for to dire6l them in proceedings. 
 
 When that their Emperour or King is prefent, 
 
 They live in peacefull fort and quietneffe, 
 
 But if their officer or king be abfent, 
 
 They flie and fwarme abroad in companies : 
 If any haj^pcn cafuall-wife to dye, 
 They mourne and bury him right folemnly. 
 
 The Crocadile a fafifron colour'd Snake, 
 
 Sometimes vpon the earth is conuerfant, 
 
 And other times hues in a filthy lake, 
 
 Being oppreffed with foule needy want : 
 
 The skin vpon his backe as hard as ftone, 
 Refifteth violent ftrokes of fleele or iron. 
 
 Rinatrix is a poyfenous enuenom'd Serpent, 
 That doth infe6l the riuers and the fountaines. 
 Bringing to cattcll hurt and detriment : 
 When thirfty they forfake the fteepy mountaines, 
 Rinatrix violator Aqiice, and infe6ls the earth, 
 With his moft noyfome flinking filthy breath. 
 
 The Scorpion hath a deadly ftinging taile. 
 Bewitching fome with his faire fmiling face, 
 But prefently with force he doth affaile 
 His captiu'd praie, and brings him to difgrace : 
 
 Wherefore tis cald of fome the flattering worme. 
 
 That fubtilly his foe doth ouerturne. 
 Q2 
 
 T2-
 
 Ii6 A Dialogue. 
 
 Orion made his boaft the earth fhould bring- 
 Or yeeld no ferpent forth but he would kill it. 
 Where prefently the Scorpion vp did fpring, 
 For fo the onely powers above did will it : 
 
 Where in the peoples prefence they did fee, 
 
 Orion flung to death moft cruelly. 
 
 Of Worincs are diuers forts and diuers names, 
 
 Some feeding on hard timber, fome on trees, 
 
 Some in the earth a fecret cabbine frames, 
 
 Some liue on tops of Afhes, fome on Oliues ; 
 
 Some of a red watrifh colour, fome of greene. 
 And fome within the night like Fire are feene. 
 
 The Silkeivorme by whofe Webbe our Silkes are made. 
 For file doth dayly labour with her weauing, 
 A Worme that's rich and precious in her trade, 
 That whilft poore foule fhe toyleth in her fpinning, 
 Leaues nothing in her belly but empty aire. 
 And toyling too much falleth to defpaire. 
 
 Here lines the Caddcs and the long leg'd Crane, 
 With whome the Pigmies are at mortall ftrife, 
 The Larke and Lapioing that with nets are tane, 
 And fo poore filly foules do end their life : 
 The Nightingale wrong'd by Adulterie, 
 The Nightcrow, GoJJiawke, and the chattring Pie. 
 
 The Pheafant, Storke, and the high towring Faulcon, 
 
 The Sivanne that in the riuer takes delight, 
 
 The Goldfinch, Blackcbird, and the big neck'd Heron 
 
 The 
 
 T24
 
 A Dialogue. 117 
 
 The skreeching Oivlc that loues the duskie night, 
 The Partridge, Griffon, and the huely Pcacocke, 
 The Linnet, Bnlfinch, Snipe, and rauening Puttocke. 
 
 The Robin Redbreajl that in Winter fings, 
 The Pcllican, the lay, and the chirping SparroWf 
 The Httle Wren that many yong ones brings, 
 Herein, Ibis, and the fwift wingd Sivallow : 
 
 The princely Eagle and Caladrius 
 
 The Cnckozu that to fome is profperous. 
 
 The fnow-like colour'd bird, Caladrius, 
 Hath this ineftimable natural profperitie, 
 If any man in fickneffe dangerous, 
 Hopes of his health to haue recouerie, 
 
 This bird will alwayes looke with chearefull glance. 
 
 If otherwife, fad is his countenance. 
 
 The Crane dire6led by the leaders voice, 
 Flies ore the feas, to countries farre vnknowne, 
 And in the fecret night they do reioice 
 To make a watch among them of their owne ; 
 
 The watchman in his clawes holds faft a ftone, 
 Which letting fall the reft are wak'd anone. 
 
 The Spring-delighting bird we call the Cnckozu, 
 Which comes to tell of wonders in this age, 
 Her prettie one note to the world doth fliow, 
 Some men their deftinie, and doth prefagi " 
 
 The womans pleafure and the mans difgrace. 
 
 Which flic fits finging in a fecret place. 
 
 Q3 
 
 T2.=;
 
 ii8 A Dialogue. 
 
 The Winters enuious blaft flie neuer taflcth, 
 Yet in all countries doth the Qcckoe fing, 
 And oftentimes to peopled townes flie hafteth, 
 Ther for to tell the pleafures of the Spring : 
 
 Great Courtiers heare her voyce, but let her flye, 
 
 Knowing that flie prefageth Deftiny. 
 
 This prety bird fometimes vpon the fteeple, 
 
 Sings Cnckoe, Ciickoe, to the parifli Prieft, 
 
 Sometimes againe fhe flies amongft the people, 
 
 And on their Croffe no man can her refift, 
 
 But there fhe fings, yet fome difdaining Dames, 
 
 Do charme her hoarfe, left fhe fliould hit their names. 
 
 She fcornes to labour or make vp a neft, 
 But creepes by ftealth into fome others roome, 
 And with the Larkcs deare yong, her yong-ones reft, 
 Being by fubtile dealing ouercome : 
 
 The yong birds are reftoratiue to eate, 
 And held amongft vs as a Princes meate. 
 
 'ts' 
 
 The Princely Eagle of all Birds the King, 
 For none but flie can gaze againft the Sunne, 
 Her eye-fight is fo cleare, that in her flying 
 She fpies the fmallefl beaft that euer runne, 
 As fwift as gun-fliot vfnig no delay, 
 So fwiftly doth flie flie to catch her pray. 
 
 She brings her birds being yong into the aire, 
 And fets them for to looke on Plicebus light. 
 But if their eyes with gazing chance to water. 
 
 Thofe 
 
 126
 
 A Dialogue. 119 
 
 Thofc fhe accountcth baftards, leaues them quight, 
 But thofe that hauc true perfect conftant eyes, 
 She cheriflieth, the reft flie doth defpife. 
 
 The Griffon is a bird rich feathered, 
 
 His head is Hke a Lion, and his flight 
 
 Is Hke the Eagles, much for to be feared, 
 
 For why he kils men in the vgly night : 
 
 Some fay he keepes the Smaragd and the lafpcr^ 
 And in purfute of Man is monftrous eager. 
 
 The gentle birds called the faire Hircinie, 
 
 Taking the name of that place where they breed, 
 
 Within the night they fliine fo glorioufly, 
 
 That mans aftonied fenfes they do feed : 
 
 For in the darke being caft within the way 
 Giues light vnto the man that goes aftray. 
 
 Ibis the bird flieth to Nilus flood, 
 
 And drinking of the water purgeth cleane : 
 
 Vnto the land of ^gypt he doth good, 
 
 For he to rid their Serpents is a meane ; 
 
 He feedeth on their egges, and doth deftroy 
 The Serpents nefl:s that would their Clime annoy. 
 
 The Lapiving hath a piteous mournefull cry. 
 
 And flngs a forrowfuU and heauy fong, 
 
 But yet fliee's full of craft and fubtilty, 
 
 And weepeth moft being farthefl; from her yong : 
 In elder age flie feru'd for Southfayers 
 And was a Propheteffe to the Augurers. 
 
 Q4 
 
 T27
 
 112 A Dialogue, 
 
 The birds of ^gypt or Mernnodidcs, 
 Of Meninon that was flaine in refcuing Troy, 
 Are faid to flie away in companies, 
 To Priams pallace, and there twice a day 
 They fight about the turrets of the dead, 
 And the third day in battell are confounded. 
 
 The Nightingale the nights true Chorifter, 
 
 Mufickcs chiefe louer in the pleafant Spring, 
 
 Tunes Hunts-vp to the Sunne that doth dehght her, 
 
 And to Arions harp aloud will fing : 
 
 And as a Bridegroome that to church is comming, 
 So he falutcs the Sunne when he is rifing. 
 
 The Rovianc Ccefars, happie Emperours, 
 
 Efpecially thofe of the yongeft fort, 
 
 Haue kept the Nightingale within their towers, 
 
 To play, to dally, and to make them fport. 
 
 And oftentimes in Grcckc and Latinc tong, 
 They taught thofe birds to fing a pleafant fong. 
 
 This bird as Hijlorics make mention, 
 Sung in the infant mouth of Stefichorus, 
 Which did foretell due commendation, 
 In all his actions to be profpcrous : 
 
 So Bees when Plato in his bed did lie, 
 
 Svvarm'd round about his mouth, leaning their lionie. 
 
 The fluggifli flouthfull and the daftard Oivle, 
 Hating the day, and louing of the night. 
 About old fepulchers doth daily howle, 
 
 Frequenting 
 
 123
 
 A Dialogue. 121 
 
 Frequenting barnes and houfcs without light, 
 And hides him often in an luy tree, 
 Leaft with fmall chattring birds wrong'd he fliould be. 
 
 Foedaqiie fic volucris vcnturl mintia licclus, 
 Igiiaims Bilbo, diruin viortalibus omen. 
 
 The filthy meffenger of ill to come 
 
 The fluggifli Oivlc is, and to danger fome. 
 
 This ill bedooming Oivlc fate on the fpeare, 
 Of warlike Ph'rlms marching to the field. 
 When to the Grcecian armie he drew nearc, 
 Determining to make his foes to yeeld, 
 
 Which did forefliew finifter happineffe, 
 
 And balefull fortune in his bufineffe. 
 
 The Parrat cald the counterfeiting bird, 
 Deckt with all colours that fair Flora yeelds, 
 That after one will fpeake you word for word : 
 Liuing in wooddie groues neare fertile fields, 
 
 They haue bene knowne to giue great Emperors wine, 
 And therefore fome men hold them for deuine. 
 
 The proud fun-brauing Pcacockc with his feathers, 
 Walkes all along, thinking himfelfe a King, 
 And with his voyce prognofticates all weathers, 
 Although God knowes but badly he doth fing: 
 
 But when he lookes downe to his bafe blacke Feetc, 
 He droopes, and is afliam'd of things unmeete. 
 
 The mighty Macedonian Alexander^ 
 
 R 
 
 129
 
 122 A Dialogue. 
 
 Marching in louely triumph to his foes, 
 Being accounted the worlds conquerour. 
 In Indie fpies a Peacocke as he goes, 
 
 And maruelling to fee fo rich a fight, 
 Charg'd all men not to kill his fweete delight. 
 
 The Pellican the wonder of our age, 
 (As lerome faith) reuiues her tender yong, 
 And with her pureft bloud, flie doth affwage 
 Her yong ones thirft, with poifonous Adder flong, 
 
 And thofe that were fuppofed three dayes dead. 
 
 She giues them life once more being nourifhed. 
 
 The vnfatiate Sparroiv doth prognoflicate, 
 
 And is held good for diuination, 
 
 For flying here and there, from gate to gate, 
 
 Foretels true things by animaduertion : 
 
 A flight of Sparrowes flying in the day, 
 Did prophefie the fall and facke of Troy. 
 
 The artificiall nefl:-compofmg Szvalloiv, 
 That eatcs his meate flying along the way, 
 Whofe fwiftneffe in our eyfight doth allow, 
 That no imperiall Bird makes her his pray : 
 His yong ones being hurt within the cies, 
 His helpes them with the herbe Calccdouies, 
 
 Cecinna and the great Volatet'an, 
 Being Pompeis warlike and approued knights, 
 Sent letters by thefe Birds without a man, 
 To many of their friends and chiefe delights, 
 
 And 
 
 T-^a
 
 A Dialogue. 123 
 
 And all their letters to their tcete did tie, 
 Which with great fpced did bring them haftily. 
 
 The fweete recording Swanne ApoUocs ioy, 
 And firy fcorched Phaetons delight, 
 In footed verfe fings out his deep annoy, 
 And to the filuer riuers takes his flight, 
 
 Prognofticates to Sailers on the feas, 
 
 Fortunes profperitie and perfe6l eafe. 
 
 Cignus in anfpicijs fcmper Icetiffimns ales. 
 Hoc op taut Jiautce, quiafe non mergit in vndis. 
 
 But what fad-mournefull drooping foule is this. Phoenix. 
 
 Within whofe watry eyes fits Difcontent, 
 Whofe fnaile-pac'd gate tels fomething is amiffe : 
 From whom is baniflit fporting Meriment : 
 
 Whofe feathers mowt off, falling as he goes, 
 
 The perfe6l pi6lure of hart pining woes ? 
 
 This is the carefuU bird the Turtle Done, -Nature. 
 
 Whofe heauy croking note doth fhew his griefe. 
 And thus he wanders feeking of his loue, 
 Refufmg all things that may yeeld reliefe : 
 
 All motions of good turnes, all Mirth and Ioy, 
 
 Are bad, fled, gone, and falne into decay. 
 
 Is this the true example of the Heart ? Phoeuix. 
 
 Is this the Tutor of faire Conjlancy ? 
 Is this Loues treafure, and Loues pining fmart ? 
 Is this the fubftance of all honefty ? 
 
 R 2 
 
 131
 
 124 -^ Dialogue. 
 
 And comes he thus attir'd, alas poore foule, 
 That Deftinies foule wrath fliould thee controule. 
 
 See Nourfe, he ftares and lookes me in the face, 
 And now he mournes, worfe then he did before, 
 He hath forgot his dull flow heauy pace, 
 But with fwift gate he eyes vs more and more : 
 O fliall I welcome him, and let me borrow 
 Some of his griefe to mingle with my forrow. 
 
 Nature. Farwell faire bird, He leaue you both alone, 
 This is the Done you long'd fo much to fee, 
 And this will proue companion of your mone. 
 An Vmpire of all true humility : 
 
 Then note my Phccnix, what there may eniue. 
 And fo I kiffe my bird. Adiie, Adue. 
 
 Phosnlx. Mother farewell ; and now within his eyes, 
 Sits forrow clothed in a fea of teares, 
 And more and more the billowes do arife : 
 Pale Griefe halfe pin'd vpon his brow appeares, 
 His feathers fade away, and make him looke, 
 As if his name were writ in Deaths pale booke. 
 
 Turtle. O ftay poore Turtle, whereat haft thou gazed, 
 
 At the eye-dazling Sunne, whofe fvveete refle6lion. 
 The round encompaft heauenly world amazed ? 
 O no, a child of Natures true complexion. 
 The perfeft Phoenix of rariety, 
 For wit, for vertue, and excelling beauty. 
 
 Haile 
 
 ^33
 
 A Dialogue. 125 
 
 Haile map of forrow : Tur. Welcome Cupid's child. Phcenix. 
 
 Let me wipe off thofe teares vpon thy cheekes, 
 That ftain'd thy beauties pride, and haue defil'd 
 Nature it felfe, that fo vfurping fcekes 
 
 To fit vpon thy face, for He be partener, 
 
 Of thy harts wrapped forrow more hereafter. 
 
 Natures faire darling, let me kneele to thee, 'Tur'tle. 
 
 And offer vp my true obedience, 
 
 And facredly in all humility, 
 
 Craue pardon for prefumptions foule offence : 
 
 Thy lawne-fnow-colour'd hand fliall not come neare 
 
 My impure face, to wipe away one teare. 
 
 My teares are for my Turtle that is dead, 
 My forrow fprings from her want that is gone, 
 My heauy note founds for the foule that's fled. 
 And I will dye for him left all alone : 
 
 I am not lining, though I feeme to go, 
 
 Already buried in the graue of wo. 
 
 Why I haue left A rabia for thy fake, Phcenix. 
 
 Becaufe thofe fires haue no working fubftance, 
 And for to find thee out did vndertake : 
 Where on the mountaine top we may aduance 
 
 Our fiery alter ; let me tell thee this, 
 
 Solavien mifcris focios liabuiffe dolor is. 
 
 Come poore lamenting foule, come fit by me. 
 We are all one, thy forrow fliall be mine. 
 Fall thou a teare, and thou flialt plainly fee, 
 
 R .^ 
 
 133
 
 126 
 
 A Dialosfue. 
 
 Mine eyes fliall anfvver teare for teare of thine : 
 Sigh thou, He figh, and if thou giue a grone, 
 I fhall be dead in anfwering of thy mone. 
 
 Turtle. Loues honorable Friend, one grone of yours, 
 Will rend my ficke-loue-pining hart afunder, 
 One figh brings teares from me like Aprill fliowers, 
 Procur'd by Sommers hote loud cracking thunder : 
 Be you as mery as fweet mirth may be, 
 He grone and figh, both for your felfe and me. 
 
 PJicenix. Thou flialt not gentle Turtle, I will beare 
 
 Halfe of the burdenous yoke thou doft fuflaine, 
 Two bodies may with greater eafe outweare 
 A troublefome labour, then He brooke fome paine, 
 But tell me gentle Turtle, tell me truly 
 The difference betwixt falfe Loue and true Sinceritie. 
 
 Turtle- That fliall I briefly, if youle giue me leaue, 
 Falfe loue is full of Enuie and Deceit, 
 With cunning fiiifts our humours to deceiue, 
 Laying downe poifon for a fugred baite, 
 Alwayes inconftant, falfe and variable, 
 Delighting in fond change and mutable. 
 
 True loue, is louing pure, not to be broken. 
 
 But with an honeft eye, fhe eyes her louer. 
 
 Not changing variable, nor neuer flioken 
 
 With fond Sufpition, fecrets to difcouer. 
 
 True loue will tell no lies, nor ne're difi'emble, 
 But with a baflifull modeft feare will tremble. 
 
 Falfe 
 
 ».^4
 
 A Dialogue. 127 
 
 Falfe loue puts on a Maske to fliadc her folly, 
 
 True louc goes naked wifliing to be fccne, 
 
 Falfe loue will countcrfeite perpetually, 
 
 True loue is Troths fvveete emperizing Oucenc : 
 This is the difference, true Loue is a iewell, 
 Falfe loue, hearts tyrant, inhumane, and cruell. 
 
 What may we wonder at ? O where is learning ? Phcenix. 
 
 Where is all difference twixt the good and bad ? 
 Where is Apclles art ? where is true cunning ? 
 Nay where is all the vertue may be had ? 
 
 Within my Turtles bofome, flie refines, 
 
 More then fome louing perfect true dcuines. 
 
 Thou fhalt not be no more the Turtle-T>o\\e, 
 Thou flialt no more go weeping al alone. 
 For thou fhalt be my felfe, my perfe6l Loue, 
 Thy griefe is mine, thy forrow is my mone, 
 
 Come kiffe me fweeteft fweete, O I do bleffe 
 
 This gracious luckie Sun-fliine happineffe. 
 
 How may I in all gratefulneffe requite. Turtle. 
 
 This gracious fauor offred to thy feruant ? 
 
 The time afifordeth heauineffe not delight, 
 
 And to the times appoint weele be obferuant : 
 
 Command, O do commaund, what ere thou wilt. 
 My hearts bloud for thy fake (liall ftraight be fpilt. 
 
 Then I command thee on thy tender care, riiixiiix 
 
 And chiefe obedience that thou owft to me, 
 That thou efpccially (deare Bird) beware 
 
 ^50
 
 128 
 
 A DialoGfue. 
 
 or impure thoughts, or vnclcane chaftity : 
 For we muft waft together in that fire, 
 That will not burne but by true Loues defire. 
 
 Turtle. A fpot of that foule monfter neare did ftaine, 
 Thefe drooping feathers, nor I neuer knew 
 In what bafe filthy clymate doth remaine 
 That fpright incarnate ; and to tell you true, 
 I am as fpotleffe as the purefl whight, 
 Cleare without ftaine, of enuy, or defpight 
 
 Phcenix. Then to yon next adioyning groue we'le flye, 
 
 And gather fweete wood for to make our flame. 
 And in a manner facrificingly, 
 Burne both our bodies to reuiue one name : 
 And in all humbleneffe we will intreate 
 The hot earth parching Sunne to lend his heate. 
 
 Turtle. Why now my heart is light, this very doome 
 Hath banifht forrow from my penfiue breaft : 
 And in my bofome there is left no roome, 
 To fet blacke melancholy, or let him reft ; 
 
 He fetch fweete mirrhe to burne, and licorice, 
 Sweete luniper, and ftraw them ore with fpice. 
 
 Phcenix. Pile vp the wood, and let vs inuocate 
 
 His great name that doth ride within his chariot, 
 And guides the dayes bright eye, let's nominate 
 Some of his bleffings, that he well may wot. 
 
 Our faithfull feruice and humility, 
 
 Offer'd vnto his higheft Dciety. 
 
 Great 
 
 t%^
 
 A Dialogue. 
 
 Great God Apollo, for thy tender loue, 
 Thou once didft bcare to wilful PJiaetoity 
 That did defire thy chariots rule aboue, 
 Which thou didft grieuc in hart to thinke vpon : 
 Send thy hot kindling light into this wood, 
 That fliall receiuc the Sacrifice of bloud. 
 
 129 
 
 For thy fweete Daphnes fake thy beft beloued, 
 And for the Harpe rcceiu'd oi Merairyy 
 And for the Mufcs of thee fauored, 
 Whofe gift of wit excels all excellency : 
 
 Send thy hot kindling fire into this wood, 
 That fliall receiue the Sacrifice of bloud. 
 
 Turtle. 
 
 For thy fweet fathers fake great lupiter, 
 That with his thunder-bolts commands the earth, 
 And for Latonas fake thy gentle mother, 
 That firfb gaue Phccbns glories liuely breath : 
 Send thy hot kindling light into this wood^ 
 That fliall receiue the facrifice of bloud. 
 
 Stay, fliay, poore Turtle, 6 we are betraid, 
 Behind yon little bufli there fits a fpy. 
 That makes me blufli with anger, halfe afraid, 
 That in our motions fecrecly would pry : 
 
 I will go chide with him, and driuc him thence, 
 And plague him for prefumptions foule offence. 
 
 Be not affraid, it is the Pellican, 
 
 Looke how her yong-ones make her breft to bleed. 
 
 And drawes the bloud foorth, do the beft flie can. 
 
 Phoenix. 
 
 Turtle. 
 
 m
 
 1^0 
 
 A Dialoeue. 
 
 P/icenix. 
 
 And with the fame their hungry fancies feede. 
 Let her alone to vew our Tragedy, 
 And then report our Loue that flie did fee. 
 
 See beauteous P/uvnix it begins to burne, 
 O bleffed Phcehns, happy, happy Hght, 
 Now will I recompence thy great good turne. 
 And firft (deare bird) He vanifh in thy fight, 
 
 And thou flialt fee with what a quicke defirc. 
 He leape into the middle of the fire. 
 
 Stay Tiirtlc flay, for I will firft prepare ; 
 or my bones mufl the Princely P/uvnix rife. 
 And ift be poffible thy bloud wele fpare, 
 For none but for my fake, doft thou defpife 
 This frailty of thy life, 6 liue thou ftill, 
 And teach the bafe deceitfull world Loues will. 
 
 Turtle, Haue I come hither drooping through the woods, 
 And left the fpringing groues to feeke for thee ? 
 Haue I forfooke to bathe me in the flouds, 
 And pin'd away in carefull mifery } 
 
 Do not deny me PJi<xnix I muft be 
 A partner in this happy Tragedy. 
 
 Phcenix. O holy, facred, and pure perfe6l fire, 
 
 More pure then that ore which faire Dido mones, 
 More facred in my louing kind defire. 
 Then that which burnt old Efons aged bones, 
 Accept into your euer hallowed flame, 
 Two bodies, from the which may fpring one name. 
 
 O fvveet 
 
 133
 
 Pelican. 131 
 
 O fweet perfumed flame, made of thofe trees, Tiirtle. 
 
 Vnder the which the Miifcs nine haue fong 
 
 The praife of vertuous maids in mifteries, 
 
 To whom the faire fac'd NympJics did often throng ; 
 
 Accept my body as a Sacrifice 
 
 Into your flame, of whom one name may rife. 
 
 wilfulneffe, fee how with fmihng cheare, Z^/iccnix. 
 My poore deare hart hath flong himfelfe to thrall, 
 
 Looke what a mirthfuU countenance he doth beare, 
 Spreading his wings abroad, and ioyes withall : 
 
 Learne thou corrupted world, learne, heare, and fec^ 
 
 Friendfliips vnfpotted true fmcerity. 
 
 1 come fweet Turtle, and witli my bright wings, 
 I will embrace thy burnt bones as they lye, 
 
 I hope of thefe another Creature fprings, 
 That fliall poffeffe both our authority : 
 
 I ftay to long, 6 take me to your glory. 
 
 And thus I end the Turtle Doues true fl:oiy. 
 
 Finis. R. C. 
 
 Pellican. 
 
 WHat wondrous hart-grieuing fpe6lacle. 
 Haft thou beheld the worlds true miracle ? 
 With what a fpirit did the Tiirtlc flye 
 Into the fire, and chearfully did dye .'* 
 He look't more pleafant in his countenance 
 Within the flame, then when he did aduance. 
 His pleafant wings vpon the naturall ground, 
 
 S2 
 
 139
 
 132 Pellican. 
 
 True perfe6l loue had fo his poore heart bound. 
 
 The Phosnix Natures deare adopted child, 
 
 With a pale heauy count'nance, wan and mild, 
 
 Grieu'd for to fee him firft poffeffe the place. 
 
 That was allotted her, her felfe to grace, 
 
 And followes cheerfully her fecond turne. 
 
 And both together in that fire do burne. 
 
 O if the rareft creatures of the earth, 
 
 Becaufe but one at once did ere take breath 
 
 Within the world, fhould with a fecond he, 
 
 A perfect forme of loue and amitie 
 
 Burne both together, what fliould there arife. 
 
 And be prefented to our mortall eyes. 
 
 Out of the fire, but a more perfeft creature ? 
 
 Becaufe that two in one is put by Nature, 
 
 The one hath giuen the child inchaunting beautie, , ■ 
 
 The other giues it loue and chaftitie ; \ 
 
 The one hath giuen it wits rarietie 
 
 The other guides the wit moft charily : 
 
 The one for vertue doth excell the reft, 
 
 The other in true conftancie is bleft. 
 
 If that the Pliccnix had bene feparated. 
 
 And from the gentle Turtle had bene parted, 
 
 Loue had bene murdred in the infancie, 
 
 Without thcfe two no loue at all can be. 
 
 Let the loue wandring wits but learne of thcfe. 
 
 To die together, fo their griefe to eafe : 
 
 But louers now a dayes do loue to change. 
 
 And here and there their wanton eyes do range. 
 
 Not pleafcd with one choife, but feeking many. 
 
 And in the end fcarce is content with any : 
 
 Loue 
 
 i.\o
 
 Conclufion. 133 
 
 Loue now adayes is like a fhadowecl fight, 
 That flicwcs it fclfe in Phccbiis golden light, 
 13ut if in kindncffe you do ftriuc to take it, 
 Fades cleane away, and you muft needs forfake it. 
 Louers are like the leaues with Winter llioken, 
 Brittle like glaffe, that with one fall is broken. 
 
 fond corrupted age, when birds fliall fliow 
 The world their dutie, and to let men know 
 That no finiftcr chaunce fliould hinder loue, 
 Though as thcfc two did, deaths arreft they proue. 
 
 1 can but mourne with fadneffe and with griefe. 
 Not able for to yeeld the world reliefe. 
 
 To fee thefe two confumed in the fire. 
 Whom Loue did copulate with true defire : 
 But in the worlds wide eare I meane to ring 
 The fame of this dayes wondrous otfring, 
 That they may fing in notes of Chaftitie, 
 The Turtle and the Phxnix amitie 
 
 Conclujion. 
 
 GEntle conceiuers of true meaning Wit, 
 Let good Experience iudge what I haue writ. 
 For the Satyricall fond applauded vaincs, 
 Whofe bitter worme-wood fpirite in fome ftraines, 
 Bite like the Curres of ^gypt thofe that loue them, 
 Let me alone, I will be loth to moue them, 
 For why, when mightie men their wit do proue, 
 How fhall I leafl of all expeft their loue ? 
 Yet to thofe men I gratulate fome paine, 
 Becaufe they touch thofe that in art do faine. 
 
 S3 
 
 141
 
 134 Cantoes. 
 
 But thofe that haue the fpirit to do good, 
 Their whips will will neuer draw one drop of bloud i 
 To all and all in all that view my labour, 
 Of euery iudging fight I craue fome fauour 
 At leaft to reade, and if you reading find, 
 A lame leg'd ftaffe, tis lameneffe of the mind- 
 That had no better skill : yet let it paffe, 
 For burdnous lodes are fet vpon an Affe. 
 From the fweet fire of perfumed wood, 
 Another princely Plixnix vpright ftood : 
 Whofe feathers purified did yeeld more light, 
 Then her late burned mother out of fight, 
 And in her heart refbes a perpetuall loue, 
 Sprong from the bofome of the Tiirtlc-Doiie. 
 Long may the new vprifing bird increafe, 
 Some humors and fome motions to releafe. 
 And thus to all I offer my deuotion, 
 Hoping that gentle minds accept my motion. 
 
 Finis R. C. 
 
 Cantoes Alphabct-zvifc to faire Phos- 
 
 nix made by the Paphian Doue. 
 
 A. I. 
 
 A Hill, a hill, a Phcenix feekes a Hill ;, 
 A promontorie top, a flately Mountaine, 
 A Riuer, where poore foule fhe dippes her bill, 
 And that fvveete filuer ftreame is Natiires fountaine, 
 Accomplifhing all pleafures at her will : 
 
 Ah, be my PluEuix, I will be thy Done, 
 And thou and I in fecrecie will loue. 
 
 B. 
 
 T42
 
 Cantoes. I35 
 
 B. 2. 
 
 Blaze not my loue, thou Herald of the day, 
 Blcffe not the mountaine tops with my fvveet fliine, 
 Beloued more I am then thou canft fay, 
 Blcffed and bleffed be that Saint of mine, 
 Balme, honie fvveet, and honor of this Clime: 
 Blotted by things vnfcene, belou'd of many, 
 But Loues true motion dares not giue to any. 
 
 C. 3- 
 Chaftneffe farewell, farewell the bed of Glorie, 
 Conftraint adew, thou art loues Enemie, 
 Come true Report, make of my Loue a Storie, 
 Cafl lots for my poore heart, fo thou enioy me. 
 Come come fvveet PJicenix, I at length do claime thee, 
 
 Chafte bird, too chafte, to hinder what is willing, 
 Come in mine armes and wele not fit a billing. 
 
 D. 4. 
 Deuout obedience on my knees I profer, 
 Delight matcht with delight, if thou do craue it, 
 Denie not gentle Phcenix my fweet offer, 
 Defpaire not in my loue, for thou flialt haue it, 
 Damne not the foulc to woe if thou canfl faue it : 
 
 Doues pray deuoutly, O let me requeft, 
 Delicious loue to build within thy nefl. 
 
 E. 5. 
 Enuie is banifht, do not thou defpaire, 
 
 Euill motions tempt thee fooner then the good : 
 Enrich thy beautie that art fam'd for faire, 
 Euery thing's filent to conioyne thy blood, 
 Efteeme the thing that cannot be withftood : 
 Efteeme of me, and I will lend thee fire. 
 
 143
 
 136 Cantocs. 
 
 Euen of mine owne to fit thy fwect defire. 
 
 F. 6. 
 
 Faint harted foule, why doft thou die thy ciieekes, 
 Fearfull of that which will reuiue thy fence, 
 Faith and obedience thy fweet mercy feekes, 
 Friends plighted war with thee I will commence, 
 Feare not at all, tis but fweet Loues offence, 
 Fit to be done, fo doing tis not feene, 
 Fetcht from the ancient records of a Queene. 
 
 G. 7. 
 
 Gold beautifying Phceniv, I mufh praife thee, 
 Granut gracious heauens a delightfome Mufe, 
 Giue me old Homers fpirit, and He raife thee, 
 Gracious in thought do not my Loue refufe, 
 Great map of beauty make thou no excufe, 
 Gainft my true louing fpirit do not carpe, 
 Grant me to play my Sonnet on thy Harpe. 
 
 H. 8. 
 Health to thy vertues, health to all thy beauty, 
 Honour attend thy fteps when thou art going. 
 High heauens force the birds to owe thee duty; 
 Hart-groning care to thee ftill ftands a woing, 
 Haue pitty on him PJioenix for fo doing : 
 Helpe his difeafe, and cure his malady. 
 Hide not thy fecret glory leaft he die. 
 
 I. 9. 
 I Loue, 6 Loue how thou abufeft me, 
 I fee the fire, and warme me with the flame, 
 I note the errors of thy deity : 
 In Vcjlas honor, Venus lufts to tame, 
 I in my humors yeeld thee not a name, 
 
 I count 
 
 i/,4
 
 Cantoes. 137 
 
 I count thee foolifli, fic Adultrous boy, 
 I touch the fvveete, but cannot tafl the ioy. 
 
 K. 10. 
 Kiffes are true loues pledges, ki ffe thy deare Tiuile, 
 Kecpe not from him the fecrets of thy youth : 
 Knowledge he'le teach thee vnder a greene fpred IMirtle, 
 Kend flialt thou be of no man, of my truth. 
 Know firft the motion, when the life enfueth : 
 
 Knocke at my harts dore, I will be thy porter, 
 So thou wilt let me enter in thy dorter. 
 
 L. II. 
 Loue is my great Aduotrix, at thy flirine 
 Loue pleads for me, and from my tongue doth fay, 
 Lie where thou wilt, my hart fhall fleepc with thine, 
 Lamenting of thy beauty frefli as May, 
 Looke PJiccnix to thy felfe do not decay : 
 
 Let me but water thy dead fapleffe floure, 
 Loue giues me hope t'will flourifli in an houre. 
 
 M. 12. 
 Make not a lewell of nice Chaflit)^ 
 Mufter and fummon all thy wits in one, 
 My heart to thee fwcares perfefl conftancy : 
 Motions of zeale are to be thought vpon, 
 Marke how thy time is ouerfpent, and gone, 
 Mif-led by folly, and a kind of feare, 
 ]\Iarke not thy beauty fo my deareft deare. 
 
 N. 13. 
 Note but the frefli bloom'd Rofe within her pride, 
 (No Rofe to be compared vnto thee) 
 Nothing fo foone vnto the ground will Aide, 
 Not being gathered in her chiefeft beauty, 
 
 T 
 
 T-l,=5
 
 138 Cantoes. 
 
 Negle6ling time it dies with infamy : 
 
 Neuer be coy, left whil'ft thy leaues are fpred, 
 None gather thee, and then thy grace is dead. 
 
 O. 14. 
 
 O looke vpon me, and within my brow, 
 
 Officious motions of my hart appeares, 
 
 Opening the booke of Loue, wherein I vow, 
 
 Ouer thy flirine to flied continuall teares : 
 
 O no, I fee my PJixnix hath no Eares, 
 
 Or if file haue Eares, yet no Eyes to fee, 
 O all difgraced with continuall follie. 
 
 P. 15. 
 
 Proud Chaftity, why doft thou feeke to wTong 
 
 Phoenix my Loue, with leffons too precife ? 
 
 Pray thou for me, and I will make a fong, 
 
 Pend in thine honor, none fliall equalize, 
 
 Poffeffe not her, whofe beauty charmes mine eyes. 
 Plead, fue, and feeke, or I will banifli thee, 
 Her body is my Caftle and my fee. 
 
 O. 16. 
 
 Queftion not PJicenix why I adore thee. 
 
 Quite captiuate and prifner at thy call, 
 
 Quit me with Loue againe, do not abhor me, 
 
 Queld downe with hope as fubiugate to thrall, 
 
 Quail'd will I neuer be defpight of all ; 
 
 Quaking I fland before thee, ftill expefling 
 Thine owne confent, our ioyes to be efife6ling. 
 
 R. 17. 
 
 Remember how thy beauty is abufed, 
 
 Ract on the tenter-hookes of foule difgrace, 
 
 Riucrs are dry, and muft be needs refufed 
 
 Reftore 
 
 T-J-^
 
 Cantoes. i^n 
 
 Reftore new water in tliat dead founts place, 
 Refrefh thy feathers, bcautific thy face : 
 
 Readc on my booke, and there thou flialt behold 
 Rich louing letters printed in fine gold. 
 
 S. 1 8. 
 Shame is afliamed to fee thee obflinate, 
 Smiling at thy womanifli conceipt, 
 Swearing that honor neuer thee beeat. 
 Suckmg in poyfon for a fugred baite, 
 Singing thy pride of beauty in her height : 
 Sit by my fide, and I will fing to thee 
 Sweet ditties of a new fram'd harmony, 
 
 T. 19. 
 Thou art a Ttirtle wanting of thy mate, 
 Thou crok'ft about the groucs to find thy Louer, 
 Thou fly'ft to woods, and fertile plaines doft hate : 
 Thou in obliuion doft true vertue fmother, 
 To thy fweete felfe thou canft not find another : 
 Turn vp my bofome, and in my pure hart, 
 Thou fhalt behold the Turtle of thy impart. 
 
 V. 20. 
 Vpon a day I fought to fcale a Fort, 
 Vnited with a Tower of fure defence ; 
 Vncomfortable trees did marre my fport, 
 Vnlucky Fortune with my woes expence, 
 Venus with Mars would not fweet war commence, 
 Vpon an Alter would I offer Louc, 
 And Sacrifice my foule poore Turtle Done. 
 
 W. 21. 
 Weepe not my PJiceiiix, though I daily weepe, 
 Woe is the Herald that declares my tale, 
 
 T 2 
 
 147
 
 140 Cantoes, 
 
 Worthy thou art in Venus lap to fleepe. 
 Wantonly couered with God Qipids vale, 
 With which he doth all mortall fence exhale : 
 Wafh not thy cheekes, vnleffe I fit by thee, 
 To dry them with my fighes immediatly. 
 
 A. 22. 
 
 Xantha faire Nimph ; refemble not in Nature, 
 Xautippe Loue to patient Socrates^ 
 Xantha my Loue is a more milder creature. 
 And of a Nature better for to pleafe : 
 Xantippe thought her true loue to difeafe, 
 
 But my rare PJioenix is at laft well pleaf'd, 
 To cure my paffions, paffions feldom eaf'd. 
 
 Y. 23. 
 Yf thou haue pitty, pitty my complaining, 
 Yt is a badge of Vertue in thy fexe, 
 Yf thou do kill me with thy coy difdaining, 
 Yt will at length thy felfe-will anguifh vexe, 
 And with continuall fighes thy felfe perplexe : 
 
 He helpe to bring thee wood to make thy fire, 
 If thou wilt giue me kiffes for my hire. 
 
 Z. 24. 
 Zenobia at thy feete I bend my knee, 
 For thou art Queene and Empreffe of my hart, 
 All blefled hap and true felicity, 
 All pleafures that the wide world may impart, 
 Befall thee for thy gracious good defart : 
 
 Accept my meaning as it fits my turne, 
 For I with thee to afhes meane to burne. 
 
 Finis. 
 
 A
 
 
 * 
 
 141 
 
 
 Cantoes Verbally wriltcn. 
 
 
 I. 
 
 Pittie me that dies for thee. 
 
 Pittie 
 
 T)lttle my plainings thou true nurfe of pittie, 
 
 J- Me hath thy piercing lookes enioynd to fighin^, 
 
 mc 
 
 that 
 
 That cannot be redrcffed, for thy bcautie 
 
 dies 
 
 Dies my fad heart, fad heart that's drown'd with weeping : 
 
 for 
 
 For what fo ere I thinke, or what I doe, 
 
 thee. 
 
 Thee with mine eyes, my thoughts, my heart, I woe. 
 
 2. 
 My life you fatie, if you I haue. 
 
 
 My 
 
 My eyes, my hand, my heart feeke to maintaine 
 
 life 
 
 Life for thy loue, therefore be gracious, 
 
 you 
 
 You with your kindneffe haue my true heart flaine, 
 
 fa7ie 
 
 Saue my poore hfe, and be not tyrannous, 
 
 ^f 
 
 If any grace do in thy breaft remaine. 
 
 you 
 
 You women haue bene counted amorous ; 
 
 I 
 
 I pine in fadneffe, all proceeds from thee, ' 
 
 haue. 
 
 Haue me in liking through thy clemencic. 
 
 3- 
 
 Do thou by me, as I by thee. 
 
 
 Do 
 
 Do not exchange thy loue, left in exchanging. 
 
 thou 
 
 Thou beare the burd'nous blot of foule difgrace. 
 
 by 
 
 By that bad fault are many faults containing, 
 
 vie, 
 
 Me ftill affuring nothing is fo bafe, 
 
 as 
 
 As in the worlds eye alwayes to be ranging : 
 
 I 
 
 I fweare fweete Phoenix in this holy cafe. 
 
 ly 
 
 By all the facred reliques of true loue. 
 
 
 T3 
 
 
 149
 
 142 
 
 Cantoes. 
 
 tlice. Tliee to adore whom I ftill conflant prouc. 
 
 4- 
 Votitfafe to thinke how 1 do pine, 
 
 In loning tJice that art not mine. 
 
 Voutfafe Voutfafe with fplendor of thy gracious looke, 
 
 to 
 
 thinke 
 
 hoiv 
 
 I 
 
 do 
 
 pine. 
 
 To grace my paffions, paffions flill incrcafing : 
 Thinke with thy felfe how I thy abfence brooke, 
 How day by day, my plaints are neuer ceafing, 
 I haue for thee all companies forfooke ; 
 Do thou reioyce, and in reioycing fay, 
 Pine nere fo much lie take thy griefe away. 
 
 In 
 
 loning 
 thee 
 that 
 art 
 not 
 mine. 
 
 My 
 
 dejlinie 
 
 to 
 
 thee 
 
 is 
 
 knowne. 
 
 in that great gracing word flialt thou be counted 
 Louing to him, that is thy true fworne louer, 
 Thee on the ftage of honor haue I mounted, 
 That no bafe miftie cloud fliall euer couer : 
 Art thou not faire ? thy beautie do not fmother ; 
 Not in thy flouring youth, but ftill fuppofe 
 Mine owne to be, my neuer dying Rofe. 
 
 My deflinie to thee is knozvne, 
 Cnre tho7i my /mart, I am thine ozvne. 
 My time in loues blind idleneffe is fpent, 
 Deftinie and Fates do will it fo, 
 To Circes charming tongue mine eare I lent, 
 Thee louing that doft wifh my ouerthrow : 
 Is not this world wrapt in inconftancie, 
 Knowne to moft men as hels miferie ? 
 
 Cnre Cure of my wound is paft all Phifickes skill, 
 thou Thou main be gracious, at thy very looke 
 
 My 
 
 150
 
 
 Cantoes, 143 
 
 my 
 
 My wounds will clofc, that would my bodie kill, 
 
 /mart 
 
 Smart will be eafdc that could no plaifters brooke ; 
 
 I 
 
 I of my Phanix being quite forfooke, 
 
 am 
 
 Am like a man that nothing- can fulfill : 
 
 thine 
 
 Thine euer-piercing eye of force will make me, 
 
 oivne. 
 
 Ovvne heart, owne loue, that neuer will forfake thee. 
 
 6. 
 Ore my heart yonr eyes do idolatrize 
 
 
 Ore 
 
 Ore the wide world my loue-layes He be fending. 
 
 my 
 
 My loue-layes in my Loues praife ahvayes written, 
 
 Jieart 
 
 Heart comfortable motions ftill attending:. 
 
 your 
 
 Your beautie and your vertuous zeale commending. 
 
 eyes 
 
 Eyes that no frofls-cold-rage hath euer bitten : 
 
 do 
 
 Do you then thinke that I in Loues hot fire. 
 
 idola- 
 
 Idolatrize and furphet in defire. 
 
 trize 
 
 7- 
 
 
 / had rather lone though in vaine that face, 
 
 
 Then hane of any other grace. 
 
 I 
 
 1 being forc'd to carrie Venus fliield, 
 
 had 
 
 Had rather beare a Phcenix for my crefl, 
 
 rather 
 
 Rather then any bird within the field, 
 
 hue 
 
 Loue tells me that her beautie is the beft : 
 
 though 
 
 Though fome defire faire Veflas Ttcrtle-doiie, 
 
 in 
 
 In my Birds bofome refteth perfeft loue. 
 
 Vaine 
 
 Vaine is that blind vnskllfull herauldrie. 
 
 that 
 
 That will not caufe my bird that is fo rare, 
 
 face, 
 
 Face all the world for her rarietie, 
 
 then 
 
 Then who with her for honor may compare } 
 
 hane 
 
 Haue we one like her for her pride of beautie, 
 
 of 
 
 Of all the feathered Quicr in the aire? 
 
 \ 
 
 T51
 
 144 
 
 Cantoes. 
 
 any 
 
 otJier 
 
 grace. 
 
 What 
 
 euer 
 
 fall, 
 
 I 
 
 am 
 
 at 
 
 call. 
 
 I 
 
 Jiad 
 rather 
 
 lone 
 though 
 
 ill 
 value 
 
 Any but unto her do owe their dutie : 
 
 Other may blaze, but I will alwaies fay, 
 Grace whom thou lift, fhe beares the palme away. 
 
 8. 
 IVhat cucr fall, I am at call. 
 
 What thunder ftormes of enuie fliall arife, 
 
 Euer to thee my heart is durable, 
 
 Fall fortunes wheele on me to tyrrannize, 
 
 I will be alwayes found inexorable : 
 
 Am I not then to thee mo ft ftable ? 
 
 At morne, midnight, and at mid-dayes funne, 
 Call when thou wilt, my deare, to thee He runne. 
 
 9- 
 
 / Jiad rather lone, tho?igh in value tJiat face, 
 
 Then hatie of auy other grace, 
 I now do wifh my loue fhould be releiued, 
 Had I my thoughts in compaffe of my will, 
 Rather than liue and furfeit being grieued, 
 Loue in my breaft doth wondrous things fulfill. 
 Though loues vnkindneffe many men do kill, 
 In her I truft, that is my true fworne louer, 
 Vaine he doth write that doth her vertues fmother. 
 
 that That flie is faire. Nature her felfe alloweth, 
 
 face. Face full of beauty, eyes refembling fire, 
 
 then Then my pure hart to loue thy hart ftill voweth, 
 
 ha2ie Haue me in fauour for my good defire, 
 
 of Of holy loue, Loues Temple to afpire ; 
 
 auy Any but thee my thoughts will nere require, 
 other Other fweet motions now I will conceale 
 
 grace. Grace thefe rude lines that my hearts thoughts reueale. 
 
 10. Dif- 
 
 T«;«
 
 Cantocs. 
 
 14; 
 
 me 
 
 in 
 
 lolling 
 
 thee. 
 
 lo. 
 Difgrace not vie, in loniiig thee. 
 Difgrace Difgrace be banilht from thy hcaucnly brow, 
 not Not entertained of thy piercing eic, 
 
 Me thy fvvcete Hppes, a fweet touch will allow. 
 In thy faire bofome would I alwayes lie, 
 
 Louing in fuch a downe-bed to be placed. 
 Thee for to pleafe, my felfe for euer graced. 
 
 II. 
 I had rather lone though in vaine that face, 
 Then hanc of any other grace. 
 I I liue enricht with gifts of great content, 
 Jiad Had my defires the guerdon of good will, 
 ratJier Rather then tafte of Fortunes fickle bent, 
 
 lone Loue bids me die, and fcorne her witleffe skill, 
 though Though Loue command, Defpaire doth ftil attend, 
 
 /;/ In hazard proues oft times but doubtfull end. 
 vaine Vaine is the loue encountred with denayes, 
 that That yeelds but griefe, where grace fliould rather grow, 
 face, Face full of furie, voide of curteous praifc : 
 then Then fmce all loue confifts of weale and woe, 
 haue Haue ftill in mind, that loue deferues the beft, 
 of Of hearts the touchftone, inward motions louing, 
 any Any that yeelds the fruite of true-loues reft, 
 other Other I loue vnworthie of commending, 
 grace. Grac'd with bare beautie, beautie moft offending. 
 
 12, 
 
 My felfe and mine, are akvayes thine. 
 My My care to haue my blooming Rofe not wither, 
 felfe Selfe-louing Enuie fliall it not denie, 
 and And that bafe weed thy growth doth feeke to hinder. 
 
 153
 
 
 146 Cantoes. 
 
 mine 
 
 Mine hands fliall pull him vp immediatly, 
 
 are 
 
 Are they not enuious monfters in thine eie, 
 
 akvayes 
 
 Alwayes with vaine occafions to inclofe 
 
 thine. 
 
 Thine euer growing beautie, like the Rofe ? 
 
 T '^ 
 
 
 13- 
 
 TJie darti)ig of your eics, may heale or wounds 
 
 
 Let not ejnpiring lookes my heart eonfound. 
 
 The 
 
 The ey-bals in your head are Cupids fire. 
 
 darting 
 
 Darting fuch hot fparkles at my brefb, 
 
 of 
 
 Of force I am enthrald, and do defire 
 
 your 
 
 Your gracious loue, to make me happie blefl : 
 
 eyes 
 
 Eyes, lippes, and tongue haue caufed my vnreft, 
 
 viay 
 
 ]\Tay I vnto the height of grace afpire, 
 
 heale 
 
 Hcale my ficke heart with loues great griefe oppreft, 
 
 or 
 
 Or if to fire tliou wilt not yeeld fuch fuell, 
 
 wound. 
 
 Wound me to death, and fo be counted cruell. 
 
 Let 
 
 Let the wide ope-mouth'd world flaunder the guiltie, 
 
 not 
 
 Not my dead Phcenix, that doth fcorne fuch fliame. 
 
 evipiring 
 
 Empiring honor blots fuch infamic, 
 
 lookes 
 
 Lookes dart away the blemifli of that name ; 
 
 my 
 
 My thoughts prognofticate thy Ladies pittie : 
 
 heart 
 
 Hearts-eafe to thee, this counfell will I giue. 
 
 confound 
 
 Confound thy foes, but let true louers hue. 
 
 
 14. 
 
 
 You are my ioy, be not fo coy. 
 
 You 
 
 You befl belou'd, you honor of delight, 
 
 are 
 
 Are the bright fhining Starre that I r.dore. 
 
 my 
 
 My eyes like Watchmen gaze within the night, 
 
 
 Ioy 
 
 
 154
 
 Cantoes, 14/ 
 
 toy, loy fils my heart when you do fliine before, 
 
 be not Be not difgrafiue to thy friend therefore : 
 
 too Too glorious are thy lookes to entertainc 
 
 coy. Coy thoughts, fell peeuifli deeds, our bafe difdaine. 
 
 15. 
 
 For you I die, being abfcnt from mine eye. 
 
 For For all the holy rites that Venus vfcth, 
 
 you You I coniure to true obedience : 
 
 / I offer faith, which no kind hart refufcth, 
 
 die. Die periur'd Enuie for thy late offence, 
 
 being Being enamored of rich Beauties pride, 
 
 abjcnt Abfent, I freeze in Winters pining cold, 
 
 fvovi From thee I fit, as if thou hadft denidc, 
 
 my My loue-ficke paffions twentie times retold : 
 eye. Eye-dazling Miftris, with a lookc of pittie, 
 
 Grace my fad Song, and my hearts pining Dittle. 
 
 16. 
 Send me your heart, to cafe my fnart. 
 Send Send but a glaunce of amours from thine eie, 
 
 me Me will it rauifh with exceeding pleafure, 
 
 yo?ir Your eye-bals do enwrap my dcftinic, 
 
 heart Heart ficke with forrow, forrow out of meafure, 
 
 to To thinke vpon my loues continuall folly : 
 cafe Eafe thou my paine from pitties golden treafure ; 
 my My griefe proceeds from thee, and I fuppofe 
 
 fmart. Smart of my fmart will my lifes bloud inclofe. 
 
 I/- 
 
 Seeing you haue iuine, let me haue thine. 
 
 Seeing Seeing my paffions are fo penetrable, 
 yo7i You of all other fliould be pittifull, 
 haue Haue mind of me, and you'le be fauourable, 
 
 V 2 
 
 155
 
 148 
 
 Cantoes, 
 
 mine 
 
 let 
 
 me 
 
 ha?ie 
 
 thine. 
 
 Within 
 
 thy 
 breji, 
 
 my 
 hart 
 doth 
 reji. 
 
 O 
 
 let 
 me 
 
 he are, 
 
 from 
 
 thee 
 
 my 
 
 dcare. 
 
 My 
 
 Phcvnix 
 
 rare, 
 
 is 
 
 all 
 
 Mine hart doth tell me you are merciful!, 
 Let my harts loue be alwayes violable, 
 Me haue you found in all things dutifull, 
 
 Haue me in fauour, and thy felfe flnalt fee. 
 Thine and none others, will I all wayes be. 
 
 iS. 
 Within thy hrcjl, my hart doth reJi, 
 Within the circuit of a Chriftall fpheare, 
 Thy eyes are plaft, and vnderneath thofe eyes, 
 Breft of hard flint, eares that do fcorne to heare 
 My dayes fad gronings, and night waking cries, 
 Hart fore ficke paffions, and Loues agonies, 
 Doth it become thy beauty ? no, a ftaine 
 Refbs on thy bright brow wrinckled with difdaine. 
 
 19. 
 O let me heare, from thee my deare. 
 O tongue thou haft blafphem'd thy holy Goddeffe, 
 Let me do penance for offending thee. 
 Me do thou blame for my forgetfulneffe : 
 Heare my fubmiffion, thou wilt fuccor me : 
 From thy harts clofet commeth gentleneffe : 
 Thee hath the world admir'd for clemency, 
 My hart is forrie, and He bite my tongue, 
 Deare that to thee, to thee I offred wrong. 
 
 20. 
 My Phoenix rare, is all my care. 
 My life, my hart, my thoughts, I dedicate, 
 Phcvnix to thee, Phoenix of all beauty. 
 Rare things in hart of thee I meditate. 
 Is it not time, I come to fhew my duty ? 
 All fauors vnto thee I confecrate, 
 
 My 
 
 156
 
 Cantocs, 
 
 149 
 
 my 
 care. 
 
 I 
 
 would 
 
 I 
 
 might, 
 
 be 
 
 thy 
 
 delight. 
 
 If 
 I 
 
 you 
 
 haiie, 
 
 none 
 
 elfe 
 
 I 
 crane. 
 
 Be 
 you 
 
 to 
 me, 
 
 as 
 
 I 
 
 to 
 thee. 
 
 My goods, my lands, my fclfc, and all is thine, 
 Care thofe that lift, fo thou fairc bird be mine. 
 
 21. 
 / ivould I might, be thy delight. 
 I wifli for things, would they might take effect, 
 Would they might end, and we enioy our pleafurc, 
 I vow I would not proffred time neglefl, 
 Might I but gather fuch vnlook't for trcafure, 
 Be all things enuious I would the refpcct, 
 Thy fauours in my hart I do enroule, 
 Delight matcht with delight, doth me controule. 
 
 22. 
 If T you haue, none elfe I crane. 
 If adoration euer were created, 
 I am a Maifter of that holy Art, 
 You my aduotrix, whom I haue admired, 
 Haue of my true deuotion bore a part : 
 None but your felfe may here be nominated, 
 Elfe would my tongue my true obedience thwart : 
 I cannot flatter, Loue will not allow it, 
 Craue thou my hart, on thee I will beftow it. 
 
 23- 
 Be you to me, as I to thee. 
 
 Bee the poore Bee, fucke hony from the flower. 
 
 You have a fpacious odoriferous field, 
 
 To taft all moyfture, where in fweet Floras bower, 
 
 Me fliall you find fubmiffiuely to yeeld. 
 
 As a poore Captiue looking for the hower ; 
 
 I may haue gracious lookes, elfe am I kild, 
 
 To dye by you were life, and yet thy fliamc. 
 Thee would the wide world hate, my folly blame. 
 
 V3 
 
 T??
 
 
 150 Cantoes. 
 
 
 24 
 
 
 Yoit are the fir Ji, in ivhom I triift. 
 
 You 
 
 You in your bofome hauing plac'd a light, 
 
 are 
 
 Are the chiefe admirall vnto my Fleet, 
 
 the 
 
 The Lanthorne for to guide me in the night, 
 
 firjf. 
 
 Firft to the fliore, where I may fet my feet 
 
 in 
 
 In fafegard, void of Dangers cruell fpight, 
 
 whom 
 
 Whom in difgrace Loue and fel Enuie meet, 
 
 I 
 
 I mufter vp my fpirits, and they flie ; 
 
 trnjl. 
 
 Trufl of thy faith controules mine enemie. 
 
 r* 
 
 
 25. 
 You are the lajl my lone JliaH tafte. 
 
 You 
 
 You ftanding on the tower of hope and feare, 
 
 are 
 
 Are timerous of felfe-will fooliflineffe, 
 
 the 
 
 The onely Viper that doth loue-laies teare. 
 
 laft. 
 
 Laft can it not, tis womans peeuiflineffe, 
 
 my 
 
 My kind affe6lions can it not forbeare, 
 
 lone 
 
 Loue tells me that tis bred in idleneffe, 
 
 Piall 
 
 Shall fuch occafion hinder thee or me ? 
 
 tajle. 
 
 Tafte firft the fruit, and then commend the tree. 
 
 
 26. 
 
 
 If you I had, I JJiould be glad. 
 
 If 
 
 If the Sunne fliine, the harueft man is glad, 
 
 yon, 
 
 You are my Sunne, my dayes delightfome Queene, 
 
 I 
 
 I am your harueft laborer almoft mad. 
 
 had, 
 
 Had I not my glorious commct feene, 
 
 I 
 
 I wifli that I might fit within thy fliade. 
 
 Jlionld 
 
 Should I be welcome ere thy bcautie fade : 
 
 he 
 
 Be not Narciffus, but be alwaies kind, 
 
 ghld. 
 
 Glad to obtain the thing thou neare couldft find. 
 
 
 2'J. Thou 
 
 
 15S
 
 
 Cantocs. 151 
 
 
 Though place be far, my heart is nar. 
 
 TJiongJi 
 
 Though thou my Doue from mc be fcparatcd, 
 
 place 
 
 Place, nor the diftance fliall not hinder mc, 
 
 be 
 
 Be conftant for a while, thou maift be thwarted, 
 
 far, 
 
 Far am I not, He come to fuccour thee. 
 
 my 
 
 My heart and thine, my fweet fliall nere be parted, 
 
 heart 
 
 Heart made of loue, and true fimplicitie : 
 
 is 
 
 Is not Loue lawleffe, full of powerful! might. 
 
 nar. 
 
 Nar to my heart that fl:ill with Loue doth fight. 
 
 28. 
 My thoughts are dead, canfe thou art fped. 
 
 
 My 
 
 My inward Mufe can fing of nought but Loue, 
 
 tJwngJits 
 
 Thoughts are his Heralds, flying to my breaft 
 
 are 
 
 Are entertained, if they thence remoue. 
 
 dead, 
 
 Dead fliall their mafler be, and in vnreft ; 
 
 canfe 
 
 Caufe all the world thy hatred to reproue, 
 
 than 
 
 Thou art that All-in-all that I loue beft : 
 
 art 
 
 Art thou then cruell ? no thou canffc not be 
 
 fped 
 
 Sped with fo foule a fiend as Crueltic. 
 
 
 29. 
 
 
 I fend my heart to thee, zvJiere gladly I would be. 
 
 I 
 
 I of all other am faire Venus thrall. 
 
 fend 
 
 Send me but pleafant glances of thine eie, 
 
 my 
 
 My foule will leape with ioy and dance withall, 
 
 lie art 
 
 Heart of my heart, and foules felicitie : 
 
 to 
 
 To beauties Queene my heart is fan6lified, 
 
 thee. 
 
 Thee aboue all things haue I deified. 
 
 Where 
 
 Where is Affe6lions ? fled to Enuies caue ? 
 
 gladly 
 
 Gladlie my Thoughts would beare her companic, 
 
 I 
 
 I from foule bondage will my Phaviix faue, 
 
 
 t'9
 
 
 152 Cantoes. 
 
 W07lld 
 
 Would file in loue requite my courtefie, 
 
 be. 
 
 Be louing as thou art faire, elfe fliall I fing, 
 
 
 Thy beautie a poifnous bitter thing. 
 
 30. 
 If you me inft Jiaue knoivne, 
 
 
 
 Then take me for your owne. 
 
 If 
 
 If you be faire, why fliould you be vnkind ? 
 
 you 
 
 You haue no perfe6l reafon for the fame, 
 
 me 
 
 Me thinkes it were your glorie for to find 
 
 iiiji 
 
 luft meafure at my hands, but you to blame 
 
 haiie 
 
 Haue from the deepeft clofet of your heart, 
 
 known, 
 
 Knowne my pure thoughts, and yet I pine in fmart 
 
 Thai 
 
 Then in the deepeft meafure of pure loue, 
 
 take 
 
 Take pittie on the fad ficke pining foule. 
 
 me 
 
 Me may you count your vnknowne Turtle-Doue, 
 
 for 
 
 For in my bofomes chamber, I enroule 
 
 your 
 
 Your deepe loue-darting eie, and ftill will be 
 
 owne. 
 
 Owne of your owne, defpight extremitie. 
 
 '*» T 
 
 
 My heart I fend, to be your friend. 
 
 My 
 
 My deare foules comfort, and my hopes true folace, 
 
 heart 
 
 Heart of my heart, and my Hues fecret ioy, 
 
 I 
 
 I in conceit do thy fweete felfe embrace. 
 
 fend, 
 
 Send cloudie exhalations cleane away 
 
 to 
 
 To the blind miftie North, there for to ftay : 
 
 be 
 
 Be thou my arbour, and my dwelling place. 
 
 your 
 
 Your armes the circling folds that fliall enclofe me. 
 
 friend. 
 
 Friend me with this, and thou flialt neuer lofe me. 
 
 r> 
 
 
 32- 
 
 I haue no loue, but you my done. 
 
 I 
 
 
 160
 
 
 Cantocs. 153 
 
 I 
 
 I pine in fadneffe, and in fad fongs Tinging 
 
 Jiaue 
 
 liauc fpcnt my time, my ditties harfli and ill, 
 
 no 
 
 No fight but thy faire fight would I be feeing : 
 
 lone 
 
 Loue in my bofome keepes his caftle flill, 
 
 but 
 
 But being diffeuered I fit alwayes pining. 
 
 you 
 
 You do procure me Niobes cup to fill, 
 
 my 
 
 My dutie yet remembred I dare proue, 
 
 doue. 
 
 Doues haue no power for to exchange their Loue. 
 
 
 34- 
 
 
 / will not change, though fome be Jlrange. 
 
 I 
 
 I cannot ftir one foote from Venus gate. 
 
 will 
 
 Will you come fit, and beare me company ? 
 
 not 
 
 Not one but you can make me fortunate : 
 
 change 
 
 Change when thou wilt, it is but cruelty. 
 
 iJiough 
 
 Though vnto women it is giuen by fate. 
 
 fovie 
 
 Some gentle minds thefe ranging thoughts do hate : 
 
 be 
 
 Be thou of that mind, elfe I will conclude. 
 
 Jlrange. 
 
 Strange hafb thou alter'd Loue, to be fo rude. 
 
 
 Thoughts keepe me tvaking. 
 
 Thoughts Thoughts Hke the ayrie puffing of the wind, | 
 
 kccpe 
 
 Keepe a fweet faining in my Loue-ficke breft, 
 
 vie 
 
 Me ftill affuring that thou art moft kind. 
 
 waking. 
 
 Waking in pleafure, fleeping fure in reft : 
 
 
 That no fleepes dreamings, nor no waking cries, 
 
 
 To our fweet louing thoughts, fweet reft denies. 
 
 
 Seeing that my heart made choife of thee, 
 
 
 Then frame thy f elf e to coinfort me. 
 
 Seeing 
 
 Seeing Loue is pleafd with Loues enamor'd ioycs, 
 
 that 
 
 That Fortune cannot croffe fweet Cupids will, 
 
 
 X 
 
 
 161
 
 
 154 Cantoes. 
 
 
 my 
 
 My Loues content, not with fond wanton toyes : 
 
 
 heart 
 
 Hart of my hart doth Loues vnkindneffe kill, 
 
 
 made 
 
 Made by fond tongues vpbraiding hurtfuU skill : 
 
 
 choife 
 
 Choife now is fram'd to further all annoyes : 
 
 
 of 
 
 Of all fweete thoughts, of all fweete happie reft, 
 
 
 thee, 
 
 Thee have I chofe, to make me three times blelt. 
 
 
 Then 
 
 Then let our holy true afpiring loue, 
 
 
 frame 
 
 Frame vs the fweeteft muficke of Defire : 
 
 
 thv 
 
 Thy words fhall make true concord, and remoue 
 
 
 fe'lfe 
 
 Selfe-will it felfe, for Venns doth require 
 
 
 to 
 
 To be acquainted with thy beauties fire : 
 
 
 comfort 
 
 Comfort my heart, for comfort tels me this, 
 
 
 me. 
 
 Me haft thou chofe of all to be thy bliffe. 
 
 My heart is bound to fauour thee. 
 Then yeeld in time to pittie me. 
 
 
 My 
 
 My Phoenix hath two ftarre-refembling Eyes, 
 
 
 heart 
 
 Heart full of pittie, and her fmiling looke, 
 
 
 is 
 
 Is of the Sunnes complexion, and replies. 
 
 
 bound 
 
 Bound for performance by faire Venus booke 
 
 
 to 
 
 To faithfulneffe, which from her nurfe the tookc : 
 
 
 fauoiir 
 
 Fauour in her doth fpring, in vertuous praife, 
 
 
 thee, 
 
 Thee Eloquence it felfe fliall feeke to raife. 
 
 
 Then 
 
 Then in performance of this gracious right, 
 
 
 yecld 
 
 Yeeld vp that piteous heart to be my Louer, 
 
 
 in 
 
 In recompence how I haue lou'd thy fight. 
 
 
 time 
 
 Time fliall from time to time to thee difcouer: 
 
 
 to 
 
 To thee is giuen the power of Cupids might, 
 
 
 pittie 
 
 Pittie is writ in gold vpon thy hart, 
 
 Me 
 
 
 
 162 

 
 
 Cantocs. 
 
 155 
 
 me. 
 
 Me promifing to cure a cureleffc fmart. 
 / ioy to find a confiant mind. 
 
 
 I 
 
 I am encompaft round about with ioy, 
 
 
 toy 
 
 Ioy to enioy my fweete, for (he protcftcth 
 
 
 to 
 
 To comfort me that languifh in annoy, 
 
 
 find 
 
 Find cafe if any forrow me molefteth, 
 
 
 a 
 
 A happie man that fuch a loue poffeffeth': 
 
 
 conjlant 
 
 Conftant in words, and alwaycs vowcs to loue me, 
 
 
 mind. 
 
 Mind me flie will, but yet flie dares not proue me. 
 
 My heart by hope doth line, 
 Defire no ioy doth giue. 
 
 
 My 
 
 My loue and deareft life to thee I confccrate. 
 
 
 heart 
 
 Heart of my hearts deare treafure, for I ftriue 
 
 
 by 
 
 By thy deuineneffe too deuine to nominate. 
 
 
 hope 
 
 Hope of approued faith in me muft thriue : 
 
 
 doth 
 
 Doth not the God of Loue that's moft deuhie, 
 
 
 line. 
 
 Line in thy bofomes clofet and in mine ^ 
 
 
 Dcfire 
 
 Defire to that vnfpeakable delight, 
 
 
 no 
 
 No fharpe conceited wit can nere fet downe, 
 
 
 toy 
 
 Ioy in the world to worldly mens ey-fight, 
 
 
 doth 
 
 Doth but ignoble thy imperiall crowne : 
 
 
 giue. 
 
 Giue thou the onfet and the foe will flie, 
 Amazed at thy great commanding beautie^ 
 
 Death fiiall take my life away, 
 Before my friend fiiip fiiall decay. 
 
 
 Death 
 
 Death that heart-wounding Lord, fweet louers foe. 
 
 
 Jhall 
 
 Shall lay his Ebone darts at thy faire fcetc, 
 
 X 2 

 
 156 Cantoes, 
 
 take Take them into thy hand and worke my woe, 
 
 my My woe that thy minds anguifh will regreet : 
 life Life, hart, ioy, greeting and all my pleafure, 
 
 away. Away are gone and fled from my deare treafure. 
 
 Before Before one ftaine flial blot thy fcarlet die, 
 my My bloud fliall like a fountaine wafli the place, 
 friendfliip Friendfliip it felfe knit with mortality, 
 fliall Shall thy immortal blemifli quite difgrace : 
 decay. Decay fhall all the world, my Loue in thee 
 
 Shall Hue vnftain'd vntoucht perpetually 
 
 Let truth report zvhat hart I beare, 
 To her that is my dearcfl deare. 
 Let Let not foule pale-fac'd Enuy be my foe, 
 truth Truth muft declare my fpotleffe loyalty, 
 report Report vnto the world fliall plainely fliow 
 zvhat What hart deare Loue I alwayes bore to thee, 
 heart Hart fram'd of perfe6l Loues fmcerity : 
 / I cannot flatter, this I plainely fay, 
 
 beare, Beare with falfe words, ile beare the blame away. 
 
 To To change in loue is a bafe Ample thing, 
 
 her Her name will be oreftain'd with periury, 
 
 that That doth delight in nothing but diffembling ? 
 
 is Is it not fliame fo for to wrong faire beauty, 
 
 my My true approued toung mufb anfwer I 
 dearefl Deareft beware of this, and learne of me, 
 
 deare. Deare is that Loue combin'd with Chaftity. 
 
 Seeiie hath the eye, chofen hath the hart : 
 
 Pirme 
 
 164
 
 Cantoes. 157 
 
 Finite is the faith, and loth to depart. 
 
 Seene Scene in all learned arts is my bcloued, 
 
 JiatJt Hath anie one lb faire a Loue as I ? 
 
 tJie The ftony-hcarted fauagc hath (lie moued, 
 
 de, Eye for her eye tempts blufhing chaftitie, 
 cJiofen Chofcn to make their nine a perfe6l ten, 
 
 Jiath Hath the fweet Miifes honored her agen. 
 
 The The bright-ey'd wand ring world doth alwaies feeke, 
 
 heart, Heart-curing comfort doth proceed from thee, 
 
 firvie Firme truft, pure thoughts, a mind that's alwayes mecke, 
 
 is Is the true Badge of my loues Soueraigntie : 
 
 the The honor of our age, the onely faire, 
 
 faith, Faiths miftris, and Truths deare adopted heire. 
 
 And And thofe that do behold thy heauenly beautie, 
 lotJi Loth to forfake thee, fpoile themfelues with gazing, 
 to To thee all humane knees proffer their dutic, 
 depart. Depart they will not but with fad amazing ; 
 
 To dimme their ey-fight looking gainft the funne, 
 Whofe hot refle6ling beames will neare be donne. 
 
 No zvoefo great in lone, not being heard, 
 No plague fo great in lone, being long dcfcrd. 
 No No tongue can tell the world my hearts deepe anguifii, 
 woe Woe, and the minds great perturbation 
 fo So trouble me, that day and night I languifli, 
 great Great cares in loue feeke my deftru6lion : 
 in In all things gracious, fauing oncIy this, 
 
 lone. Loue is my foe, that I account my bliffe. 
 
 X3 
 
 1^5
 
 
 158 Cantoes. 
 
 Not 
 
 Not all the world could prefer me dlfgrace, 
 
 being 
 
 Being maintained faireft faire by thee, 
 
 hard, 
 
 Hard-fortune fhall thy feruant nere outface, 
 
 no 
 
 No ftormes of Difcord fhould difcomfort me : 
 
 plague 
 
 Plague all the v/orld with frownes my Turik-Doue, 
 
 fo 
 
 So that thou fmile on me and be my loue. 
 
 great 
 
 Great Miftris, matchleffe in thy foueraigntie, 
 
 in 
 
 In lue and recompence of my afife6lion, 
 
 loue 
 
 Loue me againe, this do I beg of thee, 
 
 being 
 
 Being bound by Cupids kind direction : 
 
 long 
 
 Long haue I fu'd for grace, yet ftil I find, 
 
 dcferd. 
 
 Deferd I am by her that's mofl vnkind. 
 
 
 And if my loue Jliall be releeiid by thee. 
 
 
 My heart is thine, and fo account of me. 
 
 And 
 
 And yet a ftedfaft hope maintaines my hart, 
 
 if 
 
 If anie fauour fauourably proceede 
 
 my 
 
 My deare from thee, the curer of my fmart, 
 
 loue 
 
 Loue that eafeth minds oppreft with neede. 
 
 Jlial be 
 
 Shall be the true Phifition of my griefe, 
 
 releeiid 
 
 Releeu'd alone by thee that yecld'ft reliefe. 
 
 by 
 
 By all the holy rites that Loue adoreth. 
 
 thee, 
 
 Thee haue I lou'd aboue the loue of any. 
 
 My 
 
 My heart in truth thee alwayes fauoureth, 
 
 heart 
 
 Heart freed from any one, then freed from many : 
 
 is 
 
 Is it not bafe to change ? yea fo they fay, 
 
 thine 
 
 Thine owne confeffion loue denies delay. 
 
 and 
 
 And by the high imperial 1 feate of loue. 
 
 fo 
 
 So am I forc'd by Cupid for to fweare, 
 
 account 
 
 Account I muft of thee my Turtle-doue, 
 
 
 Of 
 
 
 166
 
 
 Cantocs. 159 
 
 of 
 
 Of thee that Times long memorie fliall outweare : 
 
 me. 
 
 Mc by thy flcdfaft truth and faith denying, 
 
 
 To promife any hope on thcc relying. 
 
 
 My paffions are a hell and death to me. 
 
 
 Vnleffe yon feele remorce and pi tie me. 
 
 My 
 
 My fweeteft thoughts fvveet loue to thcc I fend, 
 
 paffions 
 
 Paffions deeply ingrafted, vnrcmouable 
 
 are 
 
 Are my affe6lions, and I muft commend 
 
 a 
 
 A ftcdfaft truft in thee moft admirable : 
 
 hell 
 
 Hell round enwraps my bodie by difdaine, 
 
 and 
 
 And then a heauen if thou loue againe. 
 
 death 
 
 Death haunts me at the heeles, yet is aft'raid, 
 
 to 
 
 To touch my bofome, knowing thou lou'fl mc. 
 
 me, 
 
 Me fometimes terrifying by him betraid, 
 
 'unlcffe 
 
 Vnleffe fweete helpfull fuccour come from thee : 
 
 yon 
 
 You well I know, the honor of mine eie, 
 
 feele 
 
 Feele fome rcmorcefuU helpe in miferie. 
 
 7'euiorcc 
 
 Remorce fits on thy brow triumphantly, 
 
 and 
 
 And fmiles vpon my face with gentle cheere ; 
 
 pittie 
 
 Pittie, loues gracious mother dwcls in thee, 
 
 me. 
 
 Me fauouring, abandoning bafe leare. 
 
 
 Death is amazed, viewing of thy bcautie, 
 
 
 Thinking thy felfe perfe6l eternitie. 
 
 
 My piirefl lotie doth none hnt thee adore. 
 
 
 My heartie thoughts arc thine, I lone no more. 
 
 My 
 
 My comfortable fweete approued Mifhris, 
 
 piircji 
 
 Purefl of all the pure that nature framed, 
 
 lone 
 
 Loue in the height of all our happineffe. 
 
 
 i(T7
 
 dotJi 
 
 none 
 
 but 
 
 1 60 
 
 Cantoes. 
 
 Doth tell me that thy vertues are not named : 
 
 None can giue forth thy conftancie approued. 
 But I that tride thy faith, my beft beloued. 
 
 Thee Thee in the temple of faire Venus flirine 
 adore, Adore I mufb, and kneele vpon my knee, 
 
 my My fortunes tell me plaine that thou art mine, 
 heartie Heartie in kindneffe, yeelding vnto me : 
 thoughts Thoughts the much-great difturbers of our refb 
 
 are Are fled, and lodge in fome vnquiet brefl:. 
 
 Thijie Thine euer vnremou'd and ftill kept word, 
 
 / I pondred oftentimes within my mind : 
 loue Loue told me that thou neuer wouldft afford, 
 none None other grace but that which I did find, 
 viore. More comfortable did this found in mine eare. 
 
 Then fweet releafement to a man in feare. 
 
 / do refolue to loue no loue but thee, 
 Therefore be kind, and fauour none but me. 
 
 I I fometime fitting by my felfe alone, 
 
 do Do meditate of things that are enfuing, 
 
 refolue Refolue I do that thou muft end my mone, 
 
 to To ftrengthen Loue if loue fliould be declining. 
 loue Loue in thy bofome dwels, and tells me ftill, 
 
 no No enuious ftormes fliall thwart afife6lions will. 
 
 Loue Loue hath amaz'd the world, plac'd in thy brow, 
 bid But yet flauifli difdaine feekes for to croffe 
 thee Thee and my felfe, that haue combin'd our vow, 
 therefore Therefore that monfter cannot worke our loffe : 
 
 Be 
 
 168
 
 
 Cantocs. iGi 
 
 be 
 
 Be all the winds of Anger bent to rage, 
 
 kind. 
 
 Kind flialt thou find me, thus my hart I gage. 
 
 and 
 
 And from my faith that's vnrcmoucable, 
 
 fanoiir 
 
 Fauour be feated in thy maiden eie, 
 
 none 
 
 None can rcceiue it loue more acceptable 
 
 but 
 
 But I my felfe, waiting thy pittying mcrcie : 
 
 me. 
 
 Me haft thou made the fubftance of delight, 
 
 
 By thy faire funne-refembling hcauenly fight. 
 
 
 Ah quoth Jlie, but where is trite Lone? 
 
 
 WJiere quoth he? ivhere you and I loue. 
 
 
 I quoth /lie, zvere thine like my loue. 
 
 
 Why quoth he, as you loue I loue. 
 
 Ah 
 
 Ah thou imperious high commaunding Lord, 
 
 qnoth 
 
 (Quoth he) to Ciipid gentle god of Loue, 
 
 UVtc, 
 
 He that I honor moft will not accord, 
 
 but 
 
 But ffcriues againft thy luftice from aboue, 
 
 where 
 
 Where I haue promifl faith, my plighted word 
 
 is 
 
 Is quite rcfufed with a bafe reproue : 
 
 true 
 
 True louing honour this I onely will thee, 
 
 lone ? 
 
 Loue thy true loue, or elfe falfe loue will kill me. 
 
 Where 
 
 Where fliall I find a heart that's free from guile ? 
 
 quoth 
 
 Quoth Faithfulneffc, within my louers breft. 
 
 he. 
 
 He at thcfe plcafing words began to fmile, 
 
 where 
 
 Where Anguifli wrapt his thoughts in much vnrcft : 
 
 you 
 
 You did with pretie talcs the time beguile, 
 
 and 
 
 And made him in conceited plcafurc blcfb, 
 
 I 
 
 I grac'd the words fpoke with fo fwect a tong, 
 
 loue. 
 
 Loue being the holy burden of your fong. 
 
 
 y 
 
 
 1^9 ^
 
 i62 Cantoes. 
 
 I I grac'd your fong of Loue, but by the way, 
 
 quoth (Quoth true Experience,) fit and you fliall fee, 
 
 JJie She will enchaunt you with her heauenly lay : 
 
 "ajcre Were you fram'd all of heauenly Pollicie, 
 
 tJdne Thine eares fliould drinke the poifon of Delay, 
 
 like Like as I faid, fo did it proue to be, 
 my My Mifbris beautie grac'd my Miftris fong, 
 
 lone. Loue pleaf'd more with her Eyes than with her Tong. 
 
 WJiy Why then in deepeneffe of fweete Loues delight^ 
 
 quoth Quoth flie, the perfe6l Miftris of Defire, 
 
 he He that I honor moft bard from my fight, 
 
 as As a bright Lampe kindles Afife6lions fire : 
 
 you You Magicke operations worke your fpight, 
 
 loue Loue to the mountaine top of will afpires; 
 / I chalenge all in all, and this I fing, 
 
 lone. Loue is a holy Saint, a Lord, a King. 
 
 Ah Lone, ivhere is thy faith in fivecte loue? 
 Why lone ivhere hearts conioyne in true loue : 
 Why then my heart hopes of thy Loncs loue^ 
 
 Elfe let my heart be plagitd withfalfe loue. 
 
 Why art thon flrange to me my Dearef 
 Not flrange wJien as I loue my deare % 
 But thou efleenifl not of thy deare. 
 Yes when I know my dearefl deare. 
 
 Why is my Lone fo falfc to me? 
 My loue is thine if thou loitfl me x 
 Thee I loue, elfe none contents me. 
 
 U 
 
 iio
 
 Cantocs. 
 If thou loiC (I me, it not repents me. 
 
 Ah qnoth he, zuhe/s faith in fiveete lone? 
 WJiy qnoiJiflie, conioynd in true lone. 
 All quoth he, I hope of thy loue : 
 Elfe quotlifJie, He die a falfe loue. 
 
 Ah my Deare, ivhy dofl thou hill me f 
 No my deare, Loue doth not will me. 
 Then in tJiine armes tJiou flialt enfoidd me, 
 J, my deare, tJiere tJiou fJialt hold me : 
 
 And holding me bctiveene thine armes, 
 i fliall embrace fweete Loners Charmes. 
 
 1(33 
 
 Though death from life my bodie part, 
 Yet neare the leffe k^epe tJwu my hart. 
 
 Though Though feme men are inconftant, fond, and fickle, ' 
 
 death Deaths afliie count'nance fhall not alter mc : 
 
 from From glaffe they take their fubftance being brittle, 
 
 life Life, Heart, and Hand fliall awaies fauour thee, 
 
 my My Pen fliall write thy vertues regiftrie, 
 bodie Bodie conioyn'd with bodie, free from ftrife, 
 
 part. Part not in funder till we part our life. 
 
 Yet Yet my foules life to my deare lifes concluding, 
 
 nere Nere let Abfurditie that villaine, theefe, 
 
 the The monfter of our time, mens praife deriding, 
 
 leffe Leffe in perfeuerance, of fniall knowledge chicfe, 
 keepe Keep the bafe Gate to things that are excelling, 
 
 tJiou Thou by faire vertues praife niaift yeeld reliefe, 
 
 Y 2 
 
 171
 
 1 64 
 
 Cantoes. 
 
 my My lines are thine, then tell Abfurditie, 
 
 heart. Hart of my deare, fliall blot his villainie. 
 
 Where hearts agree, no Jlrife can be. 
 
 Where Where faithful neffe vnites it felfe with loue, 
 
 hearts Hearts pin'd with forrow cannot difagree : 
 
 agree. Agree they muft of force, for from aboiie 
 
 no No wind oppreffing mifchiefe may we fee : 
 
 Jirife Strife is quite baniflit from our companie. 
 can Can I be fad ? no, Pleafure bids me fmg, 
 
 be. Be bleffed, for fweete Loue's a happie thing. 
 
 TJiy voiues my lone and heart hath ivonne. 
 Till thy vntrnth hath it vndonne. 
 
 Thy Thy true unfpeakable fidelitie, 
 
 zwivcs Vowes made to Cnpid and his faire-fac'd mother, 
 
 my My thoughts haue wonne to vertuous chaftitie : 
 
 lone Loue thee alone I will, and loue none other, 
 
 and And if thou find not my loues fecrecie, 
 
 heai^t Heart fauouring thee, then do thou Fancie fmother. 
 hatJi Hath all the world fuch a true Bird as I, 
 
 xvonne, Wonne to this fauour by my conftancie ? 
 
 Till Till that leane flefhles cripple, pale-fac'd Death, 
 thy Thy louely Doue fhall pierce with his fell dart, 
 vntrnth Vntruth in my faire bofome nere takes breath : 
 liath Hath any loue fuch a firme conftant heart ? 
 it It is thine owne, vnleffe thou keepe it ftill 
 
 vndonne. Vndone fliall I be, cleane againft my will. 
 
 itru 
 
 I** 2
 
 Cantocs. 165 
 
 Time JJiall tell thee, hoio well I lone thee, 
 
 Time Time tlic true proportioner of things, 
 
 /Jiall Shall in the end Ihcw my afic6lion, 
 
 tell Tell thee from whence all thefc my paffions fprinj, 
 
 thee, Thee honoring that of loue haue made election : 
 
 hozsj How often I haue made my offerings, 
 
 well Well knowne to Ve/ius and her louely fonnc, 
 
 / I to the wide world fliall my paffions runne ; 
 loice Loue is a Lord of hearts, a great Commander, 
 
 t/iee. Thee chalenging to be my chiefe defender. 
 
 Mojl denine and f acred, 
 Haue I found your lone vnf potted, 
 Mojl Mofl reucrend Miftris honor of mine eie, 
 denine Deuine, moft holy in religious loue, 
 
 and And Lord itfelfe of my hearts emperie, 
 facred Sacred in thoughts admitted from abouc, 
 haue Haue in remembrance what afifeclion willcth : 
 / I it reuiues the mind, and the mind killeth. 
 
 found Found haue I written in your skic-like brow, 
 your Your neuer ceafing kind humilitie, 
 loiw Loue for your fake to me hath made a vow, 
 vnfpotted Vnfpotted fliall I find your conftancie. 
 
 And without ftaine, to thy pure flainleffe bcautie, 
 Shall my hearts bofome offer vp his dutie. 
 
 The zvant of thee is death to me. 
 The The day fhall be all night, and night all day 
 want Want of the Sunne and Moone to giue vs light, 
 
 Y3 
 
 173
 
 
 i66 Cantoes. 
 
 of 
 
 Of a blacke darknefle, before thy loue will ftay 
 
 thee 
 
 Thee from thy pleafure of thy hearts delight. 
 
 is 
 
 Is not Affe6lion nurfe to long Delay ? 
 
 death 
 
 Deaths Meffenger, that barres me from thy figlit ?" 
 
 to 
 
 To be in abfence, is to burne in fire, 
 
 me. 
 
 Me round enwrapping with hot Loues defire. 
 
 
 / lo2te to be beloncd. 
 
 7 
 
 I do acknowledge of all conflant pure, 
 
 lone 
 
 Loue is my true thoughts herrald, and He fmg 
 
 to 
 
 To be of thy thoughts clofet, firme and fure, 
 
 be 
 
 Be the world ftill thy vertues deifying : 
 
 leloiied. 
 
 Beloued of the moft, yet moft of many, 
 
 
 Affirme my deare, thou art beloued of any. 
 
 
 I fcorne if I be /corned. 
 
 I 
 
 I being not belou'd by my affe6lion, 
 
 fcorne 
 
 Scorne within my thoughts fuch bad difgrace, 
 
 if 
 
 If thou of me do make thy firme election, 
 
 I 
 
 I to none other loue will giue my place : 
 
 be 
 
 Be thou my Saint, my bofomes Lord to proue, 
 
 /corned. 
 
 Scorned of all. He be thy trueft loue. 
 
 
 The heart's in paine, that loues in vaine. 
 
 The 
 
 The griefe poore louers feele being not beloued, 
 
 heart's 
 
 Hearts anguifli, and fad lookes may teftifie : 
 
 in 
 
 In night tliey fleepe not, and in day perplexed, 
 
 paine, 
 
 Paine of this forrow makes them melancholy, 
 
 
 That 
 
 
 J'74
 
 Cantocs. 
 
 that That in difdaine their filly minds arc vexed, 
 
 loiics Loues terror is fo fliarpc, fo ftrong, fo mightic, 
 
 ill In all things Ynrcfiftablc, being aliue, 
 
 vai7ie, Vainc he rcfifls that gainfb loucs force doth ftriue. 
 
 What greater ioy can he then this, 
 Where loue enioys each louers wijli ? 
 
 What What may we count the world if loue were dead ? 
 
 greater Greater in woe, then woe it felfe can be, 
 
 ioy Ioy from mans fccrct bofome being fled, 
 
 can Cannot but kill the heart immediatly, 
 
 be Becaufe by ioy the heart is nouriflicd : 
 then Then entertaine fweete loue within thy breft, 
 
 this, This motion in the end will make thee bleft 
 
 Where Where two harts are vnited all in one, 
 
 loue Loue like a King, a Lord, a Soucraigne, 
 
 enioyes Enioyes the throne of bliffe to fit vpon, 
 
 each Each fad heart crauing aid, by Cupid flaine : 
 
 lojtcrs Louers be merrie, Loue being dignified, 
 
 wijlu Wifli wliat you will, it fliall not be denied. 
 
 1 6; 
 
 Finis, quoth R. CJicJler. 
 
 175
 
 HEREAFTER 
 
 FOLLOW DIVERSE 
 
 Pocticall Effaics on the former Sub- 
 iect; viz : the Turtle and Phce7iix. 
 
 Done by the bejl and chief ejl of oitr 
 
 moderne writers, with their names fub- 
 
 fcribed to their particular workes : 
 
 iiciier before extaiit. 
 
 And (now firft) confecrated by them all generally, 
 
 to the lotie ajid inerite of the trtie-noble Knight, 
 
 Sir lohn Salisburie. 
 
 Digimm laucie viru7n Mufa vetat mori. 
 
 T77
 
 INVOCATIO, 
 
 Ad Apollincm & Pier ides. 
 
 GOod Fate, faire Tliefpian Deities, 
 And thou bright God, whofe golden Eies, 
 Serue as a Mirrour to the filuer Morne, 
 When (in the height of Grace) flie doth adorne 
 
 Her Chryftall prefcnce, and inuites 
 
 The cucr-youthfull Brovtins to deh"ghts, 
 
 SprinckHng his fute of Vert with Pearlc, 
 
 And (like a loofe enamour'd Girlc) 
 
 Ingles his cheeke ; which (waxing red with fliame) 
 Inftinfts the fenfleffe Grapes to do the fame, 
 
 Till by his fweete reflc6lion fed. 
 
 They gather fpirit, and grow difcolourcd. 
 
 To your high influence we commend 
 Our following Labours, and fuflend 
 
 Our mutuall palmes, prepar'd to gratulate 
 
 An Jwnorahle fj'iend'. then propagate 
 With your illuftrate faculties 
 
 Our mentall powers : Inftrudl vs how to rife 
 In weighty Numbers, well purfu'd, 
 And varied from the Multitude : 
 
 Be lauifli once, and plenteoufly profufe 
 
 Your holy waters, to our thirftie Jlliife, 
 That we may giue a Round to him 
 
 In a Cajlalian boule, crown'd to the brim. 
 
 Vatnm Chorus. 
 Z2 . 
 
 179
 
 172 
 
 To the worthily honor'd Knight 
 Sir lohn Sahsburie. 
 
 NOhleft of 111 ill ds, here do the Mufes bring 
 Vnto your fafer iudgcments taji, 
 Pure itiice that flow d from the Fierian Jpriiigs, 
 Not filcJid, nor borrowed, but exJiaufl 
 By the flamc-Jiaii' d ApoUos hand : 
 And at his zvell-obferii d couunand, 
 For y oil infrtfde in our retentiue braine, 
 Is now diflild thence, through our quilles againe. 
 
 Value our verfe, as you approue the zvorth ; 
 
 A7id thinke of ivhat they are create, 
 No Mercenaric hope did bring them forth, 
 They tread not in that fernile Gate ; 
 
 But a true Zeale, borne in our fpirites, 
 
 Refponfible to your high Merites, 
 And an Inuention, freer then the Times, 
 Thefe zvere the Parents to our feuerall Rimes, 
 
 Wliercin Kind, Learned, Enuious, al may viezv, 
 
 That zve liaue writ luorthy our flues and you. 
 
 Vatum Chorus. 

 
 17: 
 
 
 ^^^Z£ 
 
 --jk^mm'^. 
 
 'V'.^r 
 
 <«^'( 
 
 4^^i^^ 
 
 
 C5 
 
 C^ 
 
 The fir ft. 
 
 THc filucr Vault of heauen, hath but one Eie, 
 And that's the Sunne: the foule-maskt Ladie, Night 
 (Which blots the Cloudes, the white Booke of the Si<ie,) 
 But one ficke PJiccbc, fcuer-fliaking Light : 
 
 The heart, one firing : fo, thus in fingle turnes, 
 The world one Phanix, till another burncs. 
 
 TJie burning. 
 
 SVppofe here burnes this wonder of a breath, 
 In righteous flames, and holy-heated fires : 
 (Like Muficke which doth rapt it felfe to death, 
 Sweet'ning the inward roome of mans Dcfircs ;) 
 So flie waft's both her wings in piteous flrife ; 
 " The flame that eates her, feedes the others life : 
 Her rare-dead allies, fill a rare-liue vrne : 
 *' One Phoenix borne, another Phccnix burne. 
 
 jfgnofo. 
 
 Z3 
 
 i9,x
 
 174 
 
 LEt the bird of lowdeft lay, 
 On the fole Arabian tree, 
 Herauld fad and trumpet be : 
 To whofe found chafte wings obay. 
 
 But thou fhriking harbinger, 
 Foule precurrer of the fiend, 
 Augour of the feuers end, 
 To this troupe come thou not neere. 
 
 From this Seffion interdi6l 
 Euery foule of tyrant wing, 
 Saue the Eagle feath'red King, 
 Keepe the obfequie fo ftri6l. 
 
 Let the Prieft in Surples white, 
 That defun6liue Muficke can. 
 Be the death-deuining Swan, 
 Left the Requiem lacke his right. 
 
 And thou treble dated Crow, 
 That thy fable gender mak'ft. 
 With the breath thou giu'ft and tak'ft, 
 Mongft our mourners fhalt thou go. 
 
 Here the Antheme doth commence, 
 Loue and Conflancie is dead, 
 Pha;iiix and the Tiirtlc fled. 
 In a mutuall flame from hence. 
 
 So they loucd as loue in twaine. 
 Had the effence but in one, 
 
 Z'wo 
 
 182
 
 175 
 
 Two diftincls, Diuifion none, 
 Number there in loue was flaine. 
 
 Hearts remote, yet not afunder ; 
 Diftance and no fpace was feene, 
 Twixt tin's Turtle and his Queene; 
 But in them it were a wonder. 
 
 So betwccne them Loue did fliine. 
 That the Turtle faw his right, 
 Flaming in the Phcenix fight ; 
 Either was the others mine. 
 
 Propertle was thus appalled, 
 That the felfe was not the fame : 
 Single Natures double name, 
 Neither two nor one was called. 
 
 Reafon in itfelfc confounded, 
 Saw Diuifion gr6w together, 
 To themfelues yet either neither, 
 Simple were fo well compounded. 
 
 That it cried, how true a twainc, 
 Seemeth this concordant one, 
 Loue hath Reafon, Reafon none. 
 If what parts, can fo remaine. 
 
 Whereupon it made this Thrcne, 
 To the Phcenix and the Done, 
 Co-fupremes and fliarres of Loue, 
 As Chorus to their Tragique Scene. 
 
 1^3
 
 176 
 
 BEautie, Truth, and Raritie, 
 Grace in all fimplicitie, 
 Here enclofde, in cinders lie. 
 
 Death is now the Phoenix neft, 
 And the Turtles loyall breft, 
 To eternltie doth reft. 
 
 Leaning no pofteritie, 
 Twas not their infirmitie, 
 It was married Chaftitie. 
 
 Truth may feeme, but cannot be, 
 Beautie bragge, but tis not (lie. 
 Truth and Beautie buried be. 
 
 To this vrne let thofe repaire, 
 
 That are either true or faire. 
 
 For thefe dead Birds, figh a prayer. 
 
 Williaiii Shake-fpeare. 
 
 iS.i
 
 i;7 
 
 A 7iarration and defcription of a 
 
 moft cxa6t wondrous creature, arifing 
 
 out of the PJicenix and Turtle 
 
 Doiics aJJics. 
 
 OTwas a mouing Epicidium ! 
 Can Fire ? can Time ? can blacked Fate confume 
 So rare creation ? No ; tis thwart to fence, 
 Corruption quakes to touch fuch excellence. 
 Nature exclaimes for luftice, luftice Fate, 
 Ought into nought can neuer remigrate. 
 Then looke ; for fee what glorious iffue (brighter 
 Then cleareft fire, and beyond faith farre whiter 
 Then Dians tier) now fprings from yonder flame ? 
 
 Let me ftand numb'd with wonder, neuer came 
 So ftrong amazement on aftonifh'd eie 
 As this, this meafureleffe pure Raritie. 
 
 Lo now ; th' xtra6ture of deuineft Effcnce, 
 The Soule of hcauens labour'd Quintcffeucc, 
 {Pcans to PJiabus) from deare Loners death, 
 Takes fweete creation and all bleffmg breath. 
 
 What flrangeneffe is't that from the Turtles aflies 
 Affumes fuch forme ? (whofe fplendor clearer flaflies, 
 Then mounted Delius) tell me genuine IMufe. 
 
 Now yeeld your aides, you fpirites that infufe 
 A facred rapture, light my weaker eie : 
 Raife my inuention on fwift Phantafie, 
 That whilft of this fame Metaphificall 
 God, Man, nor Woman, but elix'd of all 
 My labouring thoughts, with ftrained ardor fing, 
 My Mufe may mount with an vncommon wing. 
 
 Aa 
 
 iS^
 
 178 
 
 The defcription of this Perfe^ion, 
 
 DAres then thy too audacious fenfe 
 Prefume, define that boundleffe Ens, 
 
 That ampleft thought tranfcendeth ? 
 O yet vouchfafe my Miifc, to greete 
 That wondrous rareneffe, in whofe fweete 
 
 All praife begins and endeth, 
 Diuineft Beautie ? that was flighteft, 
 That adorn'd this wondrous Brighteft, 
 
 Which had nought to be corrupted. 
 In this, Perfe6lion had no meane 
 To this, Earths pureft was vncleane 
 
 Which vertue euen inftru6led. 
 By it all Beings deck'd and ftained, 
 Ideas that are idly fained 
 
 Onely here fubfift inuefted. 
 Dread not to giue ftrain'd praife at all, 
 No fpeech is Hyperbolicall, 
 
 To this perfe6lion bleffed. 
 Thus clofe my Rimes, this all that can be fayd. 
 This wonder neuer can be flattered. 
 
 To Perfe^io7t. 
 A Sonnet. 
 
 OFt haue I gazed with aftonifh'd eye. 
 At monftrous iffues of ill fliaped birth, 
 When I haue feene the Midwife to old earth, 
 Nature produce moft flrange deformitie. 
 
 So 
 
 i<?r)
 
 179 
 
 So haue I marucld to obfcrue of late, 
 Hard fauor'd Feminincs lo fcant of faire, 
 That Maskes fo choicely, flieltrcd of the aire, 
 
 As if their beauties were not theirs by fate. 
 
 But who fo weake of obferuation, 
 
 Hath not difcern'd long fince how vertues wanted. 
 How parcimonioufly the heauens haue fcanted, 
 
 Our chiefeft part of adornation. 
 
 But now I ceafe to wonder, now I find 
 
 The caufe of all our monftrous penny-fhowes : 
 Now I conceit from whence wits fcarc'tie growes, 
 Hard fauour'd features, and defe6ls of mind. 
 
 Nature long time hath ftor'd vp vertue, faireneffe, 
 Shaping the reft as foiles vnto this Rareneffe. 
 
 Perfe^ioni Hyimms. 
 
 WHat fliould I call this creature. 
 Which now is growne vnto maturitie } 
 How fhould I blafe this feature 
 
 As firme and conftant as Eternitie ? • 
 Call it Perfeaion .? Fie ! 
 
 Tis perfe6ler the brighteft names can light it : 
 
 Call it Heauens mirror > I. 
 
 Alas, beft attributes can neuer right it. 
 Beauties refiftleffe thunder ? 
 
 All nomination is too ftraight of fence : 
 Deepe Contemplations wonder ? 
 
 That appellation giue this excellence. 
 
 Within all beft confin'd, 
 
 (Now feebler Genius end thy flighter riming) 
 Aa2 
 
 187
 
 N 
 
 1 80 
 
 * Differentia No Suberbes* all is Mind, 
 viinum Tap^t'd ^^ ^^rre from fpot, as poffible defining. 
 
 Senecam^jic ha- 
 
 bet nojlri loJlH Marjioil. 
 
 melior pars a- 
 
 nimiis in illis 
 
 nulla pars ex- n -n 7 i '-r r 
 
 tra animum. Ferijteros : OT the male Tttrtle. 
 
 Ot like that loofe and partie-liuer'd Se6t 
 Of idle Louers, that (as different Lights, 
 On colour'd fubiefts, different hewes refleft ;) 
 
 Change their Affe6tions with their Miflris Sights, 
 That with her Praife, or Difpraife, drowne, or flote, 
 
 And muft be fed with frefh Conceits, and Fafliions ; 
 Ncuer waxe cold, but die : loue not, but dote : 
 
 " Loues fires, ftaid ludgemets blow, not humorous Paf- 
 Whofe Loues vpon their Louers pomp depend, (fions, 
 
 And quench as faft as her Eyes fparlvle twinkles, 
 " (Nought lafts that doth to outward worth contend, 
 
 "Al Loue in fmooth browes born is tomb'd in wrinkles.) 
 
 * The Turtle. But like the confecrated *Bird of loue, 
 
 * ThePhanix. Whofe whole lifes hap to his *fole-mate alluded, 
 
 Whome no prowd flockes of other Foules could moue, 
 
 But in her felfe all companie concluded. 
 She was to him th' Analifde World of pleafure, 
 
 Her firmeneffe cloth'd him in varietie ; 
 Exceffe of all things, he ioyd in her meafure, 
 Mourn'd when flie mourn'd, and dieth when flie dies. 
 Like him I bound th' inflin6l of all my powres, 
 
 In her that bounds the Empire of defert. 
 And Time nor Change (that all things elfe deuoures, 
 
 But truth eterniz'd in a conftant heart) 
 Can change me more from her, then her from merit, 
 That is my forme, and giues my being, fpirit. 
 
 Georsre Chai>man, 
 
 PrcF- 
 
 188
 
 i8i 
 
 PrcEludium. 
 
 WE mnjlfing too ? what Swhicdi Jlial wc clnifcf 
 Or ivliofe great Name in Poets Heauen vfe^ 
 For the more Countenance to our A6lme Mufe? 
 
 Hercules ? alaffe his bones are yet fore, 
 With his old earthly Labors ; f cxa£l more 
 Of his dnll Godhead, were Shine: Lets implore 
 
 Phoebus ? No : Tend thy Cart flill. Ennious Day 
 Shall not giue out, that zve hane made tl ice flay. 
 And foiindred thy hote Teame, to tune onr Lay. 
 
 Nor will we beg of thee. Lord of the Vine, 
 To raife onr fpirites ivith thy coniuring Wine, 
 Ln the green circle of thy luy twine. 
 
 Pallas, nor thee we call on, Mankind Maide, 
 
 That (at thy birth) mad'fi the poore Smith afraide, 
 
 Who zuith his Axe thy Fathers Mid-zuifc plaide. 
 
 Go, crampe dnll Mars, light Venus, when he fnorts. 
 Or with thy Tribade Trine, innent new fports. 
 Thou, nor their loofcneffe zvith our Making _/c^;'/x. 
 
 Let the old 'Qoy your fonne ply his old Taske 
 Turne tJie flale Prologue to fomc painted Maske, 
 His Abfence in our Verfe is all we aske. 
 
 Aa 3 
 
 iPo
 
 l82 
 
 Hermes the cheater, cannot mixe tvith vs, 
 Though he ivo7ild Jleale his Jijiers PegafuS, 
 And rifle him ; or paivne his Petafus, 
 
 Nor all the Ladies of the Thefpian Lake, 
 
 (TJioiigh they were criiflit into one forme) could make 
 
 A Beauty of that Merit, tJiat flionld take 
 
 ^ur Mufe vp by Commiffion : No, we bring 
 
 Our owne true Fire ; Now our Thought takes wing 
 
 And now an Epode to deep eares wefing. 
 
 Epos. 
 " "NJ ^^ ^*^ know Vice at all, and keepe true flate, 
 
 IN "Is Vcrtue ; and not Fate : 
 
 " Next to that Vcrtue, is, to know Vice well, 
 
 " And her blacke fpight expell. 
 Which to effe6l (fince no breft is fo fure. 
 
 Or fafe, but fliee'l procure 
 Some way of entrance) we muft plant a guard 
 
 Of Thoughts, to watch and ward 
 At th' Eye and Eare, (the Ports vnto the Mind\) 
 
 That no ftrange or vnkind 
 Obie6l arriue there, but the Heart (our fpie) 
 
 Giue knowledge inftantly. 
 To wakefull Rcafon, our Affedions King : 
 
 Who (in th' examining) 
 Will quickly tafte the Trcajon, and commit 
 
 Clofe 
 
 190
 
 i83 
 
 Clofe, the clofc caufc of it. 
 "Tis the fecureft PoUicie we haue, 
 
 " To make our Senfc our Slaue. 
 But this fair courfe is not cmbrac'd by manyj 
 
 By many ? fcarce by any : 
 For either our Ajfc6lions do rebell. 
 
 Or elfe the Senthiell, 
 (That flial ring larum to the Heart) doth flcepe. 
 
 Or fome great Thought doth keepe 
 Backe the Intelligence, and falfely fweares 
 
 They'r bafe, and idle Feares, 
 Whereof the loyall Confcience fo complaines. 
 
 Thus by thefe fubtill traines, 
 Do feuerall Paffions ftill inuade the Mind, 
 
 And ftrike our Reafoii blind : 
 Of which vfurping ranke, fome haue thought Loiie^ 
 
 The firffc ; as prone to moue 
 Moft frequent Tumults, Horrors, and Vnrefts, 
 
 In our enflamed brefts. 
 But this doth from their cloud of Error grow, 
 
 Which thus we ouerblow. 
 The thing they here call Lone, is blind Dejire, 
 
 Arm'd with Bow, Shafts, and Fire ; 
 Inconftant like the Sea, of whence 'tis borne, 
 
 Rough, fwelling, like a Storme : 
 With whome who failes, rides on the furge of Feare, 
 
 And boiles as if he were 
 In a continuall Tempeft. Now true Lone 
 
 No fuch efife6ls doth proue : 
 That is an Effcnce moft gentile, and fine. 
 
 Pure, perfc6l ; nay diuine : 
 It is a golden Chaine let down from Heauen, 
 
 iQr
 
 1 84 
 
 Whofe llnkes are bright, and euen 
 That fals h*ke Sleepe on Louers ; and combines 
 
 The foft and fweeteft Minds 
 In equal knots : This beares no Brands nor Darts 
 
 To murder different harts, 
 But in a calme and God-Hke vnitie, 
 
 Preferues Commiinitie. 
 O who is he that (in this peace) enioyes 
 
 Th' Elixir of all ioyes ? 
 (A Forme more frefh then are the Eden bowers, 
 
 And lafting as her flowers : 
 Richer then Time, and as Times Vertiie rare, 
 
 Sober, as faddefb Care, , 
 
 A fixed TJionght, an Eye vntaught to glance ;) 
 
 Who (bleft with fuch high chance) 
 Would at fuggeftion of a fteepe Defire 
 
 Cafb himfelfe from the fpire 
 Of all his Happineffe ? But foft : I heare 
 
 Some vicious Foole draw neare, 
 That cries we dreame ; and fweares, there's no fuch thing 
 
 As this chafte Lone we fmg. 
 Peace Luxnrie, thou art like one of thofe 
 
 Who (being at fea) fuppofe 
 Becaufe they moue, the Continent doth fo : 
 
 No ( Vice) we let thee know, 
 Though thy wild Thoughts with Sparroivcs wings do file, 
 
 " Tnrtlcs can chaftly die ; 
 And yet (in this t'expreffe our felfe more cleare) 
 
 We do not number here 
 Such Spirites as are onely continent, 
 
 Becaufe Liijls meanes are fpent : 
 Or thofe, who doubt the common mouth of Fame, 
 
 Becauie 
 
 1 r'3
 
 i85 
 
 And for their Place, or Name, 
 Cannot fo fafely fmne ; Their CJiaJlitie 
 
 Is meere Neccffitie, 
 Nor meane we thofe, whom Vozves and Confcicuce 
 
 Haue fild with Abjiincnce\ 
 (Though we acknowledge who can fo abftaine, 
 
 Makes a moft bleffed gaine : 
 " He that for loue of goodneffe hateth ill, 
 
 " Is more Crowne-worthy ftill, 
 " Then he which for finnes Penaltic forbearcs, 
 
 " His Heart finnes, though he feares.) 
 But we propofe a perfon like our Done, 
 
 Grac'd with a PJicenix loue : 
 A beauty of that cleare and fparkling Light, 
 
 Would make a Day of Night, 
 And turne the blackefl forrowes to bright ioyes : 
 
 Whofe Od'rous breath deftroycs 
 All tafte of Bitterneffe, and makes the Ayre 
 
 As fweete as flie is faire : 
 A Bodie fo harmonioufly compofde, 
 
 As if Naticre difclofde 
 All her beft Syinmetrie in that one Feature : 
 
 O, fo diuine a Creature 
 Who could be falfe too ? chiefly when he knowes 
 
 How onely fiie beftowes 
 The wealthy treafure of her Loue in him ; 
 
 Making his Fortunes fwim 
 In the full floud of her admir'd perte6lion ? 
 
 What fauage, brute Aftedlion, 
 Would not be feareluU to oftend a Dame 
 
 Of this excelling frame ? 
 Much more a noble and right generous Jllimf, 
 
 B b 
 
 TO-?
 
 i86 
 
 (To vertuous moodes enclin'd) 
 That knowes the weight of Gtdlt : He will refraine 
 
 From thoughts of fuch a ftraine : 
 And to his Sencc obie6t this Sentence euer, 
 
 *' Maji may fecurely finne, hiitfafdy neuer. 
 
 Ben lohnjon. 
 
 The Phoenix Aiialy/de, 
 
 N" Ow, after all, let no man 
 _ Receiue it for a Fable^ 
 
 If a Bird fo amiable, 
 Do turne into a Woman. 
 
 Or (by our Turtles Augure) 
 That Natures faireft Creature, 
 Proue of his Mijlris Feature, 
 
 But a bare Type and Figure, 
 
 Ode ''evdovcTcaarrtKr}. 
 
 SPlcndor\ O more then mortall. 
 For other formes come short all 
 Of her illuftrate brightneffe. 
 As farre as Sinne's from lightneffe. 
 
 Her wit as quicke, and fprightfull 
 As fire ; and more delightfull 
 Then the ftolne fports of Louers, 
 When night their meeting couers. 
 
 T94 
 
 Judgement
 
 1 87 
 
 ludgcment (adornd with Learning) 
 Doth fliine in her difcerning, 
 Cleare as a naked veflall 
 Clofde in an orbe of ChriflalL 
 
 Her breath for fweete exceeding 
 The PJioenix place of breeding, 
 But mixt with found, tranfcending 
 All Nature of commending. 
 
 Alas : then whither wade I, 
 In thought to praife this Ladle, 
 When feeking her renowning, 
 My felfe am fo neare drowning ? 
 
 Retire, and fay ; Her Graces 
 Are deeper then their Faces : 
 Yet fliee's nor nice to fhew them, 
 Nor takes flie pride to know them. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 Ben : lohnfon. 
 
 T95
 
 1 88 
 
 \_In consequence of Dr. Grosart having top-paged his 
 Notes from the foot-pagings of his Text, the top^ 
 numbers 189 — 196 are wanting. The Notes begin 
 with 197.3
 
 NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 *#• The References are to the Pagination at the hotto7n, not at the top. 
 
 Tille-^age {1601), T^. I. On this see our Introduction. Therein the significance 
 of these words, "Loves Martyr" — " Rosahns Complaint" — 
 "truth of Loue" — "the constant Fate of the Phoenix and 
 Turtle" — "enterlaced with much varietie and raritie" — "now 
 first translated out of the venerable Italian Torquato Cjeliano " 
 — "some new compositions, of seuerall modeme Writers" — 
 "whose names are subscribed to their seuerall workes, vpon 
 the first subject : viz. the Phoenix and Turtle," &c., are 
 elucidated. The Latin motto is from Martial, Epigr. i, Ixvi, 9. 
 „ (1611), p. 7. On this, similarly see as above. "Anuals" is a mis- 
 print of the original for "Annals." 
 
 Epijile-dedicatory, pp. 3, 4. Sir John Salisburie. See Introduction for 
 full notices of this specially "honored Knight." Page 3, \. 8, 
 *'■ Pofse &= nolle, nobile" — see our Introduction on this motto ; 
 
 I. 14, "ripe ?«^v«^"= ripe-judging; 11. 16-17, "his owne 
 child to befairejl although an ^Ethiopian " — a proverbial saying 
 found in all languages; cf. Love's L. L., iv, 3, "Ethiops .... 
 their sweet complexion"; 1. 18, "infant twV"= first literary 
 production — answering to the title-page " the fitfl Effay oi a. 
 new Britifli Poet." Page 4, 11. 6-7, " To the World;' &c.= 
 this shews that "Imprinted for E. B." does not mean a 
 privately-printed book, but one 'published' for 'leaj-ned' 
 and ' vulgar, ' if so they were minded to buy. 
 
 The Authors request to the Phanix, p. 5. For abundant proofs that by the 
 'Phcenix' was meant Queen Elizabeth, and by the 'Turtle- 
 doue' the Earl of Essex — see our Introduction; also the same 
 for the further confirmation herein of Shakcspere's having 
 favoured Essex. Note — this is the 'Author's request,' not 
 a translation. Line I, "beauteous Bird of any"=\hQ most 
 "beauteous " of "any " one, and of all birds ; 1. 9, "pa/fmg" 
 = surpassing; 1. 12, ^' Pndeuoured haue to pleafe in praifmg 
 thee" — noticeable and noticed in our Introduction. 
 
 To the hind Reader, p. 6, 1. i, " the facke of Troy"='H.om&x; 1. 2, " Pryams 
 fnurdred Son nes"= Homer; ib., "nor Didoes fall" = Virgil; 
 
 II. 4-5, " OfCafars Vitflories," &c., &c. = Shakespcre— "Julius 
 Cassar" is now generally attributed to 1599-1601 ; I. 8, 
 "vntun'd flrift^ed" = unlnned-shinged. The motto ' Mea 
 mecum Porto,' are found in Emblem books under a tortoise.
 
 iqS Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 Page 9, Heading, 1. 2, ^^Metaphorically applied to Dame Nature" — See page 
 232 on this; 1. 4, ''^ high Star-chamber" = m. the starry 
 sphere — a sphere above the mundane; 1. 6, " heauic bnrdend"" 
 «= heavy-burdened; st. 2, 1. 5, " Lordlike cowardice''^ — on this 
 allusion, see Introduction; 1. 6, "/(?;/</"= foolish; ib., "nice" 
 = precise, scrupulous, as in Shakespeare, /rty^/^^^^r ; st. 4, 1. 1, 
 *'/mperator"— supreme ruler, emperor (so Love's L. L., iii, 
 1, 187) — one of Jupiter's titles was "Imperator," and "firie 
 chair " is used because he was the prince of light and thunder: 
 of. p. 16, St. I, and p. 15, st. 3; 1. 4 (p. 10), " firie chair" = 
 throne. 
 
 „ 10, St. I, 1. 2, '' none-lihe" cf. 1. 5, " no)ie J'uch." Hence not = nun- 
 like, albeit there may possibly have been intended, after the 
 manner of the times and Shakespeare, a quibbling pun and 
 the secondary meaning of 'nun-like' hinted at; 1. 4, " 7?iiike- 
 white Done" — not = the "turtle-dove," but = the Phoenix; 
 St. 2, 1. I, " heaueiily viap" — 2, representation in miniature 
 of the heavens; I. 5, " locks of piirejl gold." The 'lock 'of 
 Elizabeth's hair preserved at Wilton (within lines by Sir Philip 
 Sidney), remains to attest that her's was of sunbeam-gold, and 
 'red' only as 'gold' was called "red monie" in ancient 
 ballad and stoiy; st. 4, 1. 2, " cen/ure" = ]\idge ; 1. 5, "find" 
 = find [wherewithal] to cure the wound? "7"^;^/^'^"= table- 
 book — which were often made of ivory. 
 
 ,5 It, St. 1, 1. 2, " Two Carbuncles" — from the brilliance, not certainly from 
 the 'red' colour of this gem. "Shineth as Fire .... whose 
 shining is not overcome by night .... and it seemeth as it were 
 a flame" (Batman upon B. B., xvi, c. 26; cf. p. 16, st. 4, 1. 5). 
 L 3, "foueraignize" = r\i.\e as a sovereign; 1. 5, "Sonne"= 
 sun. Spenser, without metri gratia, thus spells the word. See 
 Shepherd's Calendar, f}equenter, and throughout. St. 2, 1. 6, 
 " heaiienly Front" — hyperbolical and explained by 1. 5 as the 
 "front of Heaven," the sky. So Shakespeare, "the front 
 of heaven was full of fiery shapes," Heniy IV, act i, sc. i, 
 
 I. 14, et alibi; st. 3, 1. S, " Enuie" — it would seem that 
 •crystal' was supposed to prevent or "over-come" — envy; 
 St. 4, 11. 1-2. Cf. Venus and Adonis, 11. 451-2. 
 
 " Once more the ruby-colour'd portal cpen"d. 
 Which to his speech did honey passnge yield." 
 
 II. 5-6— universally said of Elizabeth; and st. i, p. 12, and 
 indeed throughout the portraiture. See Introduction. LI. 5-6 
 (p. 12), ought to have been put back as in the other stanzas. 
 This has been inadvertently neglected in two or three instances ; 
 but is here noted once for all. 
 
 ,, 12, st. 2, 1. 2, "/<'Wf/-j" = disyllabic form oJ "pours"; 1. 4,
 
 Notes and Illustrations. 1 99 
 
 sic\ but doubtless a misprint for 'rarietie'=rarity, nietii causa; 
 St. 3, 1. 5. "/oz/i?-i^rt(!'/>j" = reflections of himself in her eyes; 
 ibid., ^* wanton eyes." See st. 2, 1. 2, " perfedl chaflitie" and 
 1. 6 of the present stanza, "doth cha/lesize" = mzkQ chaste, with 
 a play perhaps on 'chastize' in its ordinary sense. Hence 
 'wanton' is used here much as Shakespeare speaks of "wanton 
 boys," i.e., pleasure-loving or gamesome or fondling. See 
 Schmidt, s.v. So in Spenser, &c., &c. St. 4, 11. 1-2 — ming- 
 ling of ancient and (apparently) modern fable ; L 4, "glories^* 
 = glories'. 
 Page 13, St. I, 11. 1-2, "fiieii may reade His'" — men = each man of all men ; 
 1. 2, evidently the comma after 'woe' is a misprint for a 
 period(.) Note — all these celebrations from "Head" to 
 "Bellie" and onward (p. 6 to "Feete"), shew that a per- 
 son and a female was intended by the " Phoenix." The 
 "Arabian Phoenix," or bird so-called, is distinguished from 
 the other (st. 3, 11. 3-4); st. 2, 1. I, see our Introduction for 
 an incident in Elizabeth's life illustrative of this ; st. 4, " yee" — 
 this is misprinted in the original "yea," and perhaps ought to 
 have been so left and noted here. See Postscript to our 
 Introduction for other similar errors, and also certain 'slips' 
 of our own (of no great moment). St. 5, 1. 2, " Cehon"= 
 Gihon, Genesis ii, 13 ; 1. 3, "/;72«?"= prized with such honour. 
 
 „ 14, St. 2, 11. 5-6. Punctuate (meo judicio) "why, . . . flie . . . Angell"; 
 St. 3, 1. 4, "fweet writ" =svit&t-vfnt ; 1. 6, " corporate Soule" = 
 soul existing in her conjoint body ; st. 4=the "Marigold" that 
 has at night, i.e., after the setting and so absence of the sun, 
 closed the glory of her eye, now at her approach unfolds again 
 as she would at the sun's approach ; 1, 5, " Phcenix " = 
 Phoenix'; 1. 6, "yeeld"^^ yield obeisance, as acknowledging 
 their inferiority. 
 
 it '5> st^* "> ^- 2» "Arras cloth" = 2i rich kind of tapestry, and so named 
 because the best was made at Arras the capital of Artois ; 1. 3, 
 " Satires" = S2A.yxs; st. 2, I. i, "This Phcctiix Idofeare me 
 will decay," Sac. Elizabeth in 1601, when Lovers Martyr was 
 published, was well nigh the close of her long life and reign ; 
 and making as long an interval as one can well suppose between 
 the composition and publication of the poem, she must have 
 been long past possible maternity before these words could 
 have been written. In the Epistle-dedicatory the Author 
 speaks of his " long expected labour"; but the "long" could 
 scarcely cover more than comparatively a few years. Every one 
 knows, however, that strong-brained as was the great Queen, 
 she sniffed to the last gratefully and graciously whatever incense 
 Ot flattery of her person courtiers and focts chose to oUtr her.
 
 200 Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 See our Introduction for more on this ; st. 4, " wight'"'' =\A\\\.q — 
 to agree with its rhyme "outright" (1. 4); 1. 5, "JIrucke"= 
 [was] flrucke ; I. 6, "Done''' — again as in page 10, st. i, 1. 4, 
 not the "turtle doue" but = the Phoenix still; 1. 5 (p. 16), 
 "^'({/?/£'"=vast, limitless. So in S\\!ik&sgQz.re, freqiieiiler. 
 Page 16, st. I, 1. I, " fementie" —used as from timor = timority, fear; st. 2, 
 
 I. 3, " exta//a(ion=e\to\\ation ; 1. 4, either "deuine-maiesticall" 
 or comma after "deuine"; 1. 5, '^ paittted piclure there''''= 
 
 . portrait of Elizabeth as was her wont in all the splendor of 
 "rich wrought . . . gold" and jewels; st. 4, 1. 5, '■'Eyes 
 wanting fire" =v:Sin\.mg the fire of living eyes. Or does he 
 mean that they flamed or gleamed, but wanted the anger or 
 rage of fire like the carbuncle, as before ? 
 ,, 17, st. I, 11. 5-6. In plain prose, get Elizabeth to marry — see next 
 stanza, 11. 5-6; st. 2, 1. 2, "plaind"= ms-de smooth. So 
 Dr. Henry More {Chertsey Worthies^ Library edition of his 
 complete Poems, p. 15) : 
 
 " Such as this Phyllis would, whenas she plains 
 Their Sunday-cloths, and the washt white with azure stains." 
 
 (Psychozoia, st. 21.) 
 
 !• 3> *' painted JJiape" = T^oxixsAt, as before; st. 3, 1. 3, "?7 
 te/^;-/^/;/^" = ill-working ; 1. 4, "white Brytania" — so that the 
 'Phoenix,' beside which that of Arabia was but "fruitlese 
 ayre," was within the "white cliffs" of Britain. Be it noted 
 specially — for the punctuation is bad — that while it is 
 " leaue" (1. 2) and " leaue " (1. 3) as = let alone, seek not there, 
 in 1. 4, it is "leaue vie"= leave to me, in my keeping, or qu.. 
 Do you leave ? So that neither in Arabia (named as the seat of 
 the mythical 'phoenix') nor in "white Brytania "= England, 
 was there a fitting 'mate' (husband) for the Phoenix. Cf. st. 3, 
 
 II. 5-6; St. 4, 11. 1-2, " There is a country, &c. . . . Paphos Ik.''' 
 See our Introduction on this veiy noticeable bit ; meanwhile, I 
 here record, that by "Paphos He," I understand Ireland, 
 whither Essex — as we all know — proceeded. The description 
 that follows is idealized in correspondence with the love- 
 imaginative name given to it of "Paphos He," a name than 
 which none could have been more happily chosen, being that 
 of the supreme seat of the worship of Venus {i.e., in such a 
 love-story as this oi Love's Martyr). 1. 5, " CipaHJfus groite'''' 
 = Cyparissus — the 'grove' of Phocis, not far from Delphi; 
 1. 6, ^' a fecond Phccnix /i?«^"= Phoenix' love; st. 5, 1. i, 
 ''champion "= champaign, 
 
 „ 18, St. I, 1. I, " bigge-arm'd"=^'^\g-z.xxa!d; st. 2, 1. 5, "/?V"=lay; 1. 6, 
 "r(7««a"'= dance; st. 3, 1. 3, " delight fome" — clearly mis-
 
 Notes and llliLsirations. 201 
 
 print for 'delightsome'; St. 4, 1. 4, "y^i<'/?^«"= banks; 11. 5-6 
 = but the country Gallants with Ulysses eares. 
 Page 19, St. I, II 1-2 and 4, *^ hijjlng Adders Jlhig, May not come mere this holy 
 plot of ground" and, ^* Nor poifon-fpitting Serpent may be 
 found." How could Ireland have been more deftly indicated 
 than by the two-fold characteristics of (i) The banishing ol 
 all serpents (by St. Patrick), (2) Its proud title of "the 
 Isle of Saints"? st. 2, 1. 4, '■^ Lycorice" —- ■a. plant of the 
 genus Glycyrrhiza ; ib., ^'/weet Arabian /pice" = cmna.mon ; 
 sts. 3-4, with equal deftness are the Irish residence, and the 
 personal characteristics, and personal appearance, and the 
 services of Essex herein set forth. Who, of all her subjects, 
 could have taken this name of '■^ Liberall honor" save Essex? 
 See our Introduction for quotations from Churchyard, Peele, 
 and others, wherein he is exactly thus spoken of. St. 5, I. 3, 
 *'/r^rt'i?«/"= precedent, exemplar;!. 4 (p. 20), "■ his gentle 
 humour /piled"— t\Q\-y noticeable in relation to Essex ; 11. 5-6 
 — a word-photograph of Esse.x. 
 
 „ 20 st. I, 1. 4, " high hill"— royal crag-enthroned Windsor; st. 2, 1. 2, 
 " C(r;(/'«rif"= judgment ; st. 2, 1. 6, " loue ioyiie the/e fires " Sic, 
 = marry Elizabeth and Essex. 
 
 „ 20, An Introduction to the Prayer, st. i, 1. 2, " Thou elementall /attourer 
 of the N'ight" — Is the reference to God's manifestation of 
 Himself, e.g., on Sinai, and within the temple in "clouds and 
 darkness"? Cf. Deuteronotny, iv, 11; 2 Samuel, xxii, 12; 
 Psalm, xcvii, 2; and I Kings, viii, 10-12; Leviticus, xvi, 2; 
 and cognate passages. St. 2 (p. 21), 1. 6, " Turtk-doue" = 
 Essex — as hereafter will appear. 
 
 ,, 2t, A Prayet made, ^i'c. See Introduction on this "filuer coloured Doue" 
 (notihe " Turtle-doue "), and the force of "applyed"; st. 1,1.4, 
 '^/ad"= serious or solemn: or qu. intentive? 
 
 ,, 22, St. 2,1. I, "■ her'''' — shewing it is not the 'Turtle-doue' (described as 
 "he" onward); \. 4, the comma after "baite" certainly ought 
 to have been a period (.); st. 4, 1. I, "lead/l"= ledst, i.e., past 
 tense; ib., " red coloured 'cvaues "= red-coloured. The 'Red 
 Sea' is meant — see Exodus, xiv, and parallel passages. I 
 remember seeing the 'Red Sea,' off the Desert of Sinai, red 
 as blood, not merely under the purple splendor of the mar- 
 vellous sunset — a hue common to all sunsets — but from 
 myriad infusoria so far as I could make out. So that "red- 
 coloured wanes " is not a mere fancy, much less a blunder — 
 such as Wordsworth's when he speaks of Baalbec rising from 
 bare sands, whereas its site is a glorious fertile plain. 1. 5 
 (p. 23) "what" — qu. misprint for 'that' or 'which'? 
 
 „ 23, st. I, 11. 6-7 = do not let her [Elizabeth] remain a " Virgin Queen" 
 
 T
 
 202 Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 — let her marry — she the "siluer coloured done" to him the 
 "turtle-doue." 
 Page 23, To tJiofe of light beleefe, st. I, 1. 6, '' abandoning deceit'' = ^osXors. has 
 hitherto been mingled with fact, e.g., in the hyperbolical and 
 so 'deceptive' description of Ireland as " PajAos He"; st. 3, 
 1. I, '■^ gentle Reader"" — another note of publication. 
 
 ,, 24, ^ meeting Dialogue-wife betiveene Nature, 6^c., st. i, 1. 6, "thy 
 breajis beauteous £ie"= spots eye-like, as of the peacock, 
 pheasant, and (of course) the mythical 'phcenix'; st. 2, 1. 4, 
 " neuer with" = never [be] with; st. 3, 1. 4, " relenting" = 
 sorrowful or sorrowing. Plere is touched the popular and 
 indestructible belief that the only genuine love-passion 
 Elizabeth ever had was for Essex. More anon. L. 6 (p. 25), 
 "for vertue''^ on account of thy, or in admission of thy 
 virtue, &c., sing; 1. 7, " reuerend " = reuevenced. 
 
 }> 25, St. I, 1. 7, "I do bayte my hooke" — a throb of penitent confession of 
 her laying 'baits' for Essex, drawing him on and 'hooking 
 him, winning his burning love and devotion, yet playing him 
 false; st. 2, 1. 5, " J^/Z/f/^ il//;-//^ "— the very type of Elizabeth's 
 moody mirth and sadness, bursts of scorn and passion and 
 aching melancholy ; st. 3, 1. X, "vading." I may refer here to 
 a note in my edition of Southwell, s. v., for the distinction 
 between 'vading' and 'fading.' I. 5, '■'■ Sunne-bred" — 
 speaking as the 'Phoenix'; ibid., "fx/2^//"'=exhale ; 11. 6-7 
 — ''Enuie" is the uttermost word that the Poet dared use. 
 He makes the Queen hint at the contest between the Queen 
 and the woman, the passionate love and the self-restraint 
 thought to be due to herself. She fain "would loue" and 
 follow it up with marriage; but what, many a subject? 
 "There was the rub." Other considerations were also 
 blended, e.g., I fear what my subjects may say to my 
 marrying a subject and M'hat their ' envy ' may attempt on 
 him. We must remember that the nobles were far more 
 powerful and jealous of one another than in our day, and even 
 Elizabeth might well fear displeasing them by such a step. 
 See St. 4, 1. 5, beginning at p. 26, and p. 26, st. i, 11. 3-6 ; 
 also p. 27, St. I, and p. 28, st. 2 and 3. See too "Enuie" is 
 changed to "Malice" (p. 26) 11. 6-7 ; st. 4, 1. i, " Tablitorie'= 
 the old tablet {meiri gratia, as "glorie" is the riiyming word) 
 given by Minsheu as a necklet, necklace or brooch : "JNIonile 
 quod gestantem virtutis admoneat, nam primum ob aliquod 
 egregium factum clari solebat." One can't vouch for the 
 accuracy of this Latin explanation ; but it shews the prevalent 
 idea, and it agrees with the use of " tablitorie " in the text — 
 a tableriuin^ is called mappula, mantile.
 
 Notes and Illustrations. 203 
 
 Page 26, St. I, 1. 4, "fond /ufpiiions cage" — here and elsewhere there is a 
 glance back on the early perilous years of Elizabeth under her 
 sister Mai7 ; 1. 7, "thy" — «V, but somewhat obscure; st. 2, 
 
 I. 7, "And wajle" =\\\n[e I waste; st. 3, 1. 6, " yong, fr.'/Jt, 
 greenc" — no doubt with application to the 'Phoenix,' but 
 underlying this a reference, as already noted, to Elizabeth's 
 beautiful youlhhood, when beyond all question she was a 
 magnificent creature; il>id, " />trjfe^^ = -pass away, die; 1. 7, 
 "/leiled glaffe" =\\\in-or of steel. Note — There is intentional 
 anachronism in order to give scope for just ' praise ' of 
 Elizabeth ; nor are these touches on her ' yong ' maiden days 
 the least precious bits for us to-day ; st. 4, 1. i, " Continent" = 
 container is that which contains anything. So frequenter in 
 Shakespeare and contemporaries, and later. 
 
 „ 27, St. I, 1. 5, "2'^//t'r^"=taltered — as in Shakespeare and contemporaries; 
 ibid, " ;-ff»vr'= ragged ; st. 2, 1. 7, " the performance bears the 
 greater fway" =^AQQdL better than words, action than threats. 
 
 ,, 28, st. I, 1. 3, " Toades thcmfehtes did wonnd" — i.e., did wound one 
 another — so letting out by their ' v/ounds ' their unfragrant 
 poison (mythical); 1. 4, " poysoned," i.e., infected with poison, 
 being a poison-natured thing = poisonous ; 1. 5, "fent"= 
 scent ; st. 2, 1. 3, "As he hath had in his dayes fecret pryino-" — 
 hints at 'secret' influences against Elizabeth in the days of 
 Mary; 1. 4, " <:«/;«;>" = calming or qu. — tranquil ? 1. 7, 
 " Amai-ous" — «V = amorous; st. 3,1. i, " Fillanie" ='En\it — 
 as previously described; 1. 4, "true /mr/i?^" = true-hearted ; 
 
 II. 6-7 — another genuine cry out of the woman's heart — let the 
 title of the poem be remembered of Love's JMartyr, &c. Let 
 it also be remembered, that so early as Peele's " Eglogve 
 Gratvlatorie. Entituled : To the right honourable, and re- 
 nowmed Shepheard of Albions Arcadia : Robert Earle of 
 Essex and Ewe, for his welcome into England from Portugall" 
 (1589), the burden is "Envy doth aye true honours deeds 
 despise." See our Introduction. 
 
 „ 29, St. I, 1. 4, "<roj'/,f"=tumult. Cf. Tempest, act. i, sc. 2. St. 2, 1. 2, 
 "/^/j- Throne," i.e., of Essex, who really held the 'Throne' of 
 Elizabetlvs heart — the 'his' here is subtle and fine; I. 5, 
 *^ ore charge" = 0'e.x cSx'ixg&; St. 3, 1. I, "/t«/'/;/^^"= petulant, 
 fretful ; 1. 7, "/"=Aye; st. 4, — query, should the punctuation 
 be 'Light.' 'deplore;' 
 
 ,, 30, st. I, 1. 7, " Balfantum" =h7s\%iixa.. Comedy of En-ors, act iv, sc. I. 
 St. 2, 1. 2, "Anker-hold" and 1. 6, " plot of Ground" =\.\\c soil 
 thai holds your anchor, or fastners of the flukes on the ground ; 
 St. 3, 1. 3, "the Hocke my fJiip did fecke to fJiiiier"=^%c<:V^ to 
 shiver my Ship; 1. 7, " diffembling Loue" — another sting of
 
 204 Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 conscience — she dissembled the love that was really in her 
 heart; st. 4, 1. 5) "penije = SMY\ty or run over with an 
 observant eye ; 1.6, " zvhere''=y/\\\ch.'i 
 Tage 31, St. I, 1. 3, "i1/«(r^" = sceptre, as before; 1. 7, " Papkos Ik" — the 
 island of Venus (Love) as before; st. 2-3 — a passionate 
 description of Elizabeth's ' suspect ' and dangerous early 
 years; st. 3,1. 2, "/'m^/(5'ot" = over-shadow, eclipse; st. 4, 1. 2, 
 *' In yottt/t," &.C. — peculiarly true of Elizabeth — 'tyred' seenis 
 a misprint for 'tryed'; 1. 7, "feathered hcad^ — d.doxned. with 
 feathers as young high-stationed maidens were, but of course 
 here as being to the 'Phcenix'; id., "acroivue" — explicit enough 
 surely as to the " Phcenix" being Elizabeth, albeit this 'crown' 
 (in iGoi) is a heavenly crown, or perchance of marriage. See 
 1. 3, et seq. of the stanza. 
 
 „ 32, St. I. The real heart-thoughts of the Queen are here expressed. Be 
 it thoughtfully marked, that this "He of Paphos" (1. 3) "this 
 rich He" had held the 'Turtle' and that the 'Turtle' is a 
 male — "/«> nefl" (1. 7) and so Nature conducts them thither, 
 i.e.,\.o Ireland — as before; st. 2, 1. 5, " vnderjia}id " — l^zrw 
 of his whereabouts; st. 3, 1. 3, "/i7«^ "= foolish ; 1. 4, ^'■vajle 
 Cell" i.e., however "vaste," a palace itself becomes a prison- 
 cell where Suspicion and Envy are the keepers — as in Eliza- 
 beth's case. 
 
 ,, 33, St. I, 1. 5, "w?/;-^^"= musical term with reference to frets or cross 
 bars; 1. 7, "Honor that Isle that is my/ure defence" — here 
 the Queen speaks rather than the ' Phoenix,' and thus through- 
 out the mask (not unintentionally) slips aside and shews not 
 * bird ' (however lustrous and wonderful), but the august face 
 of Elizabeth herself; st. 2, 1. 3, " high flat es" = ^^to^Xz of 
 state ; 1.6," Pyramides " — a quadrisyllable as frequenter 
 contemporaneously, being long of naturalizing ; 1. 7, " Strond" 
 = strand, shore; st. 3, 1. 2, " Grceiie Springing'''^ Q,xtQX\^- 
 springing ; 1. 4, " Faire r?/^/^/;?^-" = Faire-running ; 1. 5, 
 
 "Sweet fiotcers Deaw" [= dew] distils — example of 
 
 verb singular after nom. plural (perhaps through the inter- 
 position of 'that') and so the previous line; ib,, ^^ balmy 
 Deaw" — on Hermon I found the abundant dew thus fra- 
 grant. The southern-wood and thyme and other richly- 
 scented under -growths, being literally steeped in the dew, 
 so filled the air with perfume as to 'nip' (so-to-say) one's 
 eyes. I have found the same in Greece, and indeed in many 
 places. 1. 6, " Great peopled" =(^xc2X-'p&o^\z^; st. 4, 1. 3, 
 " 2'«/;y^/<? "= treat, elongated, i.e., speak of; 1. 4, ^^ Their 
 Fo2inder"= [And of] their Founder ; 1. 6, " Warres ivald" — 
 this must be intended for 'walled,' albeit the meaning is not
 
 Notes and Illustrations. 205 
 
 exactly clear. Query — each of the 'cities* being 'walled' 
 was a 'Defender' in time of ' Warres.' The singular 
 'Defender' answers to the singular 'Founder' where we 
 might have expected the plural. It cannot well have been a 
 misprint for 'wild,' i.e., wild warres Defender, "wa" coming 
 in tlirough the "wa" of "warres"; 1. 7, ^'' Not battred yet luith 
 Times controlling Mace,'''' i.e., the 'walls' of the cities cele- 
 brated, which, though no longer in their original strength, were 
 still to be seen in part, as is still the case. 
 Page 34, Margin — "^VwV/i«w^^;-j"= Northumberland; 1, 3, " this large He of 
 fiveete Britania'''' — be it noted once more that the 'Phoenix' 
 as = Elizabeth is naturally observant of the 'cities' of her own 
 *' Large He." There is no meaning in the full enumeration and 
 description of these cities except as they were under the 
 sovereignty of Elizabeth. It is not deemed expedient to anno- 
 tate here the numerous persons and places celebrated. The 
 historical and county authorities are readily accessible, and 
 thither the student-reader is referred; st. 2, 1. 3, ^' well planted" 
 = well-planted ; 1. 4, " Called in this age the neidy-buildsd 
 Minjler, Still kept in notable reparation " — Stowe, in his 
 Chronicles, tells us of the ' reparation ' of Winchester 
 Cathedral in Elizabeth's reign, s.v.; 1. 6, " famotis btiilded" = 
 famous-buikled ; st. 3, I. 5, " Ncolus diiedion" ^='i^toi\xs^i 
 St. 4, ";?if7«^(?/"= new-got. 
 >» 3S> St. I, 11. 3-4, " the whole JiomiJJi. Legion tofcng. And to record," &.c 
 
 — "sing" points apparently to ballads of his exploits, albeit 
 there is the objection that it was his defeated enemies whom he 
 made to sing. But our poet is not skilful and o' times oblivious. 
 Line 4 can scarcely be otherwise explained. Does this use of 
 'sing' reveal the age of our present expression or of an 
 equivalant to it, of 'singingCrl^small,' as evidence of defeat. 
 There is also "singing in a lower key," and the like. St. 4, 
 1. 5, "//«"= its; ib., "Leyls"= Lei'l of st. 3, 1. 2. But all 
 this semi-fabulous or wholly fabulous chronicle calleth for no 
 'pains' of elucidation ; 1. 7, " lajge Biytania"=" large lie," 
 p. 34, St. I, 1. 3. So also p. 36, St. 3, 1. 3, "large Britaniciis" 
 
 — doubtless an early phrase for "Great Britain" — for he 
 evidently supposed that Scotland was, at that time, a tributary 
 of England, and the last name he avoids. See p. 36, st. 3, 1. 3. 
 His use of the word (Scottish) "sect" agrees; for a "sect" is 
 a part cut off. But "sect " in text is applied to the people, not 
 to the country. 
 
 g, 35, St. 4, 11. 6-7 = the city doth only remain under the newer name of 
 
 Edingburgh, i.e., Edinburgh. 
 „ 37, bt. I, 1. 4, "Jlayd"=o\x{. stay'd; st. 2, On this significant stanza, see
 
 2o6 jVo/c's and IlliLstrations. 
 
 our Introduction; si. 3, 1. 2, "//^^ /';7W^j-"= James VI ; 1. 3, 
 '■'■graces'''' — singular verb, instead of the previous plural one, 
 "beautifie," vietri causa-, 1. 4, " Eniperiziitg.'''' This type of 
 verb is frequent contemporaneously. The meaning is — imperial 
 towers so magnificent as to be worthy of an emperor, or such as 
 will, of themselves, imperialize either the statues adorning it, or 
 the persons inhabiting. 1. 5, " Times conti-olUng hoitres," cf. 
 p. 33, St. 4, 1. 7, " Times controlling Mace" — " ControlUng 
 seems a favorite word. See again here, st. 4, 1. 4, "controlling 
 neighbours.''^ 
 Page 38, St. I, 1. I, " PagoJi" — metri causa, i.e., "yron" in 1. 3 ; st. 2, 1. 5, 
 "r^/t'r //;«£?"= after-time; 1. 6, "■ deare begolten'"= (^it^ve-hz- 
 gotten. What an odd jumble of mythology and history we 
 have here ! St. 3, 1. 2, " this ivorlds great 7voniler''=\hegvc^.i 
 wonder of this world ; 1. 6, "/'^^7>;/«^^"= government ; st. 4, 
 1. 5, "//■>/?/«£•(/"= gave light to; 1. 7, " That to her weake Sexe 
 yeelded Hector'' s name'''' — qu. = that the stronger sex had to yield 
 or vail Hectors name to hers? 
 „ 39, St. 2, 1. 2, " bottntie" — deriving it from bonitas, one sense of which is 
 goodness or honesty; 1. 3, "5^';;^t7;;//;r/^d7{/7(^A'"= [The character 
 of her deed] not to be duly estimated. The word is used as 
 justification of her act in killing a 'guest.' 1. 7, " Sifar'^ = 
 Sisera; st. 3, 1. i, a comma after Hebrew would have shewn 
 ' worthie ' to be an adjective here. 
 40, St. I, 1. 4, "indubitate" — we should say 'indubitable,' i.e., not to 
 be questioned; 1. 7, "zy«7'/i?fl?"= usurping — the common inter- 
 change of such words is explained by considering that the ed 
 form is not passive, and that as a past or perfect it gives the 
 idea of continuance in, or being in the state of usurpation; 1. 8, 
 " conde/ce7id"= z-Vihrml; 1. 9, " ?-^ (?^/rt/«'^ "= re-obtained ; 
 St. 2, 1. 2, " Qneene,'" &c. — one wonders how this was scanned 
 by the author; 1. 5, "/;/y?7Zv« "= God-forsaken; st. 3, 1. i — 
 punctuate "Naples, true-borne'''; st. 4, L 2, " Frogenie'''=h'ni\s. 
 (by descent) or pedigree — similarly used in l Henry VI, iii, 3, 
 1. 61; Coriol, i, 8, 1. 12 — not offspring as now ; 1. 5, " Wh'uh 
 Truth can never btirne,''' &c. — Truth is not here the burner or 
 person who would burn their fames, but a truth which can 
 never burn, &c. ; 1. 7 (p. 41) " w<'W(7;7V"= memorial. 
 41, St. 2, 1. 7, " .SAzto "= people of state; " brooke'" =\>q^x but rithmi 
 gratia. 
 Here folloavcth the Birth, Life, &'e. 
 43, 1-3, " "ofuch jnu euer to be lining'''' = to have lived ; 1. 6, " more be- 
 holding to the French, the Romane, the Scot, the Italian, " &c. 
 See our Introduction on this and other books, &c., referred to. 
 1. 8, "2vho" — refers not to countrymen, but to the previous
 
 Notes and Illustraiions. 207 
 
 substantives; 1. 13, " C(?///>"= Gallice; 1. 19, " re>towmed'"= 
 renowned. Nearer its French source ratomini than our spelling. 
 1, 25, " turned from French pro/e into EngliJJi meeter" — see 
 our Introduction, as before ; St., 1. 4, *'Memorte"= memorials, 
 as before. 
 Page 44, The Jliange Birth, &>€., st. I, 1. 5, "///j-^ wwrt^t'o?" = high-minded ; 
 St. 2, 1. 2, "wittie"= wise; 1. 4, "a//ies" — not as now used, 
 but = the verb "ally," i.e., the feudatory princes of next stanza; 
 St. 3, 1. 2, "hot l>red''=hot-hrtd ; st. 4, 1. i, "pafuig''=:^s\ir. 
 passing; 1. 3, "/ii/>J>rize" = suppvess, caitsa mctri ; 1. 5 (p. 45), 
 " vnequaW = unequalled — probably a printer's error. 
 
 ,, 45, St. 2, ]. 2, "fond"= foolish; 1. 3, " 7iot pcnetrabW^ = not [being] able 
 to penetrate; 1. 4, " co2ild not iji/lji" — licentiously for could not 
 keep [it] in, &c., i.e., how it sped with her; st. 3, 1. 2, " darke 
 dnjkic mantle " — so the analagous phrase in Shakespeare 
 "Night's black mantle," not only in Romeo and jfuliet, but 
 ak:! in 3 Henry VI, act iv, sc. 2; 1. 4, " inuade"= cause to 
 invade or make invade any one; 11. 5-6 — the inverted commas 
 may or may not indicate a quotation ; for the practice was 
 loose. They seem to have been used to direct attention to 
 what the writer would hold as a noticeable saying or golden 
 sentence, much as we use italics. 
 
 5, 46, st. 1, 1. I, punctuate comma after " Muficke," certainly; 1. 2, "foicnd" 
 = sounding, i.e., striking or touching ; 1. 5, " im melodious" — 
 better than our unmelodious ; st. 2, 1. 4, " blacke gloomed" = 
 black -gloom'd ; st. 5, I. 2, "fecret folly "= done in secret ; but 
 it was the king's folly, not her's ; besides, she had told her 
 husband. See p. 45, st. 2, 1. 5, "-Betflraight," &c 
 
 ,, 47, St. I, 1. 3, "vitailes''= victuals; st. 2,1. 2, "w<^" = giving egress; 
 St. 4, 1. 4, "his warres lowd Alarums outrcame,^^ &c. Cf. 
 Venus and Adonis, 1. 700; Taming of a Shrew, i, I. No doubt 
 a phrase of the day, an 'alarum' being, from its nature, 
 peculiarly loud. 
 
 ,, 48, St. I, 1. 2, 'V//c'<7y6'"= uneasiness, trouble; st. 2, 1. 4, " Modei-afor" 
 = mediator? In Presbyterfan Church-order, the president or 
 chairman, niler or guider of the Session of a Congregation, of 
 a Presbytery, of a Synod, of a General Assembly, is still called 
 the 'Moderator'; see "Sj-nod" at p. 9, st. i, 1. 3. It was 
 also used in same way in English Universities later. Cf. 
 Cleveland's Vindicice, 1677, p. 214. 1. 5, "vnfeene"= expen- 
 ence, such as never in other has been ' seen ' ; st. 3, 1. 3, 
 " t/izva7-ted" = crossed — an odd adaptive use of the word; 
 1. 5, "(!;rt/l7/^"= lowliness, humility; 1. 5, "^/«j"= inter- 
 jection merely, not meaning as now, something to be lamented; 
 St. 5, 1. I, "he^"=hehest.
 
 2o8 Notes and I UiLstrations 
 
 Page 49, st. r, 1. 2, "^/;/fl/«^"= suddenly or forcefully; st. 2, 1. 2, ^^vncom- 
 pre'nded"= un comprehended; 1. 3, '■' embracements met"=\\\€\ 
 met. 
 
 p 50, st 1, 1. 4, punctuate rather "intent." (period); 1. 5, "done." (period); 
 for "That .... done" is the king's reply; st. 2, 1. 6, '' pqffeffe 
 her Hit/hands fzucetneffc,^^ i.e., the 'sweetnesse' she gives to 
 her husband — as frequently in Shakespeare; st. 3, 1. 5, 
 "difeafed"= uneasy, troubled, as before ; st. 4, 1. 4, period, ' 
 not comma, after ' iefl '; but in our author the comma serves 
 for every other punetuation-mark ; 1. 6, "fweefji got" = 
 sweet'st-got. 
 
 y 51, St. I, 1. I — rather subtill lust-directed; 1. 2, '■'■ new found" =xiG.\v- 
 found; 1. 6, " Caijlcr" [= Ca\'ster] Stvannes. Cf. p. 43, 1. 7 
 [Greekes]; I. 6, verb singular to plural nominative again; st. 2, 
 1. 5, ^ ' vnrecalled ti7ne" = iimt past, time already spent, i.e., as 
 other — ed forms — time that is in a state not to be recalled; 
 St. 3, \. 4, *■' craokt" = croaked — it may have been accidental, 
 but "craokt" is the more imitative word ; st. 4, 1. l, " laivne- 
 like IIand"= white as 'lawne' — taken with next line, it seems 
 like a poor remembrance of Venus and Adonis, 1. 590, and 
 Luereee, 11. 258-9; 1. 2, "difewdiing //n/l/and"= passing him- 
 self off as her husband ; cf. p. 30, st. 3, 1. 7, for the word. = 
 [She] Being, &c. 
 
 „ 52, St. I, 1. I, "/afe betrayed"" = late-betrayed; 1. 4, " amaine" — ixom. 
 Saxon a and mcegn = to do a thing forcibly or with one main 
 object, and therefore also quickly, suddenly. Here it means 
 much or plentifully. St. 2, I. 2 = the injuries done to her hfe 
 'unspotted' hitherto in intent. Cf. p. 53, st. I, 1. 4. St. 3, 
 1.3, "7c'/^^;v"= whereas, since; st. 4, \, 2, "■' Injlie Jlomacke 
 yoitthfuW'' = lustie-stomacke youthfull. 
 
 „ 53, st, I, k 3 = to anfwer [as to] ... , st. 2, 1. 6, " late did bleffe" =:^\tA.q 
 in the day ; st. 3, L 4, "7vell-difpOjed"= well-disposed; st. 4, 
 1. 2, " pnjjing true" = surpassing true ; or it may be "passing- 
 true" in the sense of Goldsmith's humble Vicar, "passing rich 
 on forty pounds a year." 
 
 „ 54, st. 2, 1. I — punctuate comma after "child," and also after "Pofterne" 
 (1. 5) ; St. 3, 1. 2, "rich bearing Burtheti'— rich, bearing-Bur- 
 then. 
 
 ,, 55, st. 4, 1. 2 — punctuate comma after " Saxons." 
 
 „ 5^j ^l- 4) !• ij " /v'f5/;«^;?/"= government, rule, as before. Every one 
 remembers John Knox's "Monstrous Regiment of Women": 
 St. 4, somewhat jumbled. 
 
 ,, 57, The Coronation of King Arthur, &c., st. I, 1. 3, " high flates" ='^&0'p\Q 
 of high state, as before : st. 3, 1. 4, "/^/w"= himself, as fre- 
 quently at that time ; 1. 6 (p. 58) " dignified" = crowned. 
 
 ,, 58, St. I, 1. 5, " Being the Metropoliticall in nobilitie" — hexameter?; st. 2,
 
 Notes and Illustrations . 209 
 
 I. 3 — a syllable wanting and apparently before "Kings" — qu. 
 ['stoute'J " Kings": st. 3, 11. 4, 5 — such that Envy is unable to 
 tear the nobility or truencss of their hearts from their breasts ; 
 St. 4, 1. 5 (p. 59), "«^rtr^"= ne'er. 
 
 Page 59, The Epijlle, &c. Be it noted that we have here and onward blank 
 verse: 1. II, " ^r'/r(7W'= over-proud. 
 
 „ 60, 1. 7, ^^ Emperie"= empire, and so p. 61, 1. 5, and p. 64, 1. 13 ; 1. 8— 
 punctuate comma after "that"; 1. 21, "r^ demaund" =^ xe- 
 demaund ; 1. 29, "a;-^//;rwd'«/ "= arbitrament. 
 
 „ 61, Cador the Duke, &c. 1. i, "^^«c;7iv«c^"= renowned, as before. See 
 p. 43, 1. 19: ibid. " jBriiaine"= Briton, i.e. Arthur: or qu. 
 = Britons, i.e. Britalne[s] to rhyme with 'vcines'; 1.6 — 
 bad comma after 'continuall' — perhaps I ought to have in 
 this instance deleted it and noted the fact here : (ju. — " long- 
 continuall"= long-continued? ; 1. 13, ^^ But buried in obliiiions 
 loathfo/ne cmte " — cf. "Envy in her loathsome cave," 2 Henry 
 VI., iii, 2; 1. 15, '■' pale-Jac'd cowardize" — cf. "pale-faced 
 coward," Venus and Adonis, 1. 569. 
 
 ,. C2, 1. I, " oiir armour from our backes" — cf. "armour on our back," 
 2 Henry VI, v, 2 ; 1. 8, '' dull edg\i"= dull-edged. 
 
 „ 63,1.6, "/^;y?cw"= bravadoes; 1. 13, "^ar3^//fj " = Garbouille, Fr., 
 tumults: 1. 15 — " I/US'" — put comma after " this " ; or qu. — 
 misprint for 'his'?; 1. 2 (from bottom), "/o>neti?nes" = z.{orc- 
 tnnes [not ' aforetime') it being notorious that there were several 
 subjections of Britain after Julius Csesar. 
 
 „ 64,1.8, "J/rtr^v/ //rtr^" = Market-place ; 1. 12, '\inthroniz''d" = en- 
 throned. See Nares, s.v., for interesting examples ; 1. 15, 
 " their" = the Roman ; and so 1. 17. 
 
 ,, 65, The An/7ver,Si.c.,\. 1,*' experiment" =t^^Q\\Qnce;\.^," poji expedition"= 
 post-expedition; 1. 5, "z'^_jw^^"=journey (not necessarily as now 
 by sea); 1. 8, "Victoria''= victory ; 1, 13, "JVhich" [read] . . . 
 with; 1. 12, parenthetical; 1. 17, "for ^"and see p. 66, 
 
 II. 14, 15, 17 ; p. 73, St. 3, I. 4 ; p. 74, st. 2, 1. 2, and st. 3, 
 1. 3 ; p. 76, 1. 2 ; p. 80, St. 3, 1. 2 ; in Spenser, but rarely 
 in Shakespeare; 1. 20, "A^ot violating," &.c. — this line is obscure. 
 Its intention is to express, probably, that the so doing violates 
 no laws of arms, or is not a course without justification according 
 to the established laws which regulate tlie employment of arms 
 in defence of one's rights ; but it fails in giving expression to 
 such a thought. The laws of the duello, i.e., the causes which 
 would justify such an appeal, were in that age rigidly laid 
 down. Queiy — should we read "Not violating lawe and 
 hostile Armes"? This comes a little nearer to the above-given 
 meaning ; 1. 30, '^ true hearted "= true-hearted. 
 
 „ 66, 1. 9, " gaue the Armes" — The 'armes' that Constantine was supposefi
 
 2IO Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 to bear was a representationof ihemiracnlously-appearingcross — 
 a white cross (I think) in an azure field. It is the "Roman 
 empire " Chester refers to ; but there may have been a sub- 
 reference, and a Protestant argument that the ' arnies ' of 
 Rome did not come from St. Peter ; the first Pope according 
 to the Roman Catholic myth. Angufdl Kiftg, &c., 1. 2, '''fid 
 fraught''' = full-fraught, i.e., freighted well or fully. 
 Page 67, 1. 6, "/w////£'"= haughty, and cf. p. 68, st. 2, 1. i. " ha7vfie"; see also 
 p. 74, St. I, 1. 4, " //(z?///4? courage " ; p. 75, st. 4, 1, 2, " hautie 
 mind"; p. 81, st. 4, 1. 3, " //^'////V hearts "; 1. 12, '' but meef — 
 a not uncommon form of phrase at the time, and equivalent 
 to our now only colloquial and vulgar "let me only meet 
 you, that's all"; 1. 13, "ihrifi'''= thirst — so in Spenser, Fairie 
 Queen, ii, vi, 17; ib. "fweet 7-cvenge." Cf. "sweet as my 
 revenge" [Coriolanus, v, 3). So too [Tiitcs Andronicus), "O 
 sweet Revenge, now do I come" (v, 2), and "sweet revenge 
 grows harsh " [Othello, act v, sc. 2); 1. 22, " mcacocke" = tame, 
 or cowardly or milk-sop; so Taming of Shrezu (ii, l) "a 
 meacock wretch can make the curstest shrew." Cf. Euphries 
 M, 1. 6; 1. 23, "/w;rf"= foolish. 
 
 „ 68, St. I, 1. 3, " J\lartialifl"= solditv. So William Browne— "A brave 
 heroick, worthy martialist" [Brit. Past., \, 5) ; st. 2, 1. 4, 
 "nezv-dcrayed"= only lately decaying; st. 3, 1. 2, "loud 
 winded"= loud-winded ; ib. "-checke the aire." Cf. st. 4, 1. 5, 
 ^' Citffing the ayre'''; st. 4, 1. 4, " 7tr// ;vaa^"= well-read ; 1. 6, 
 ^' gandiiiciff'e" — The reference is to the well-appointed and fine 
 and, as it were, holiday-appearance of King Arthur's joyfulness. 
 Cf. p. 79, St. I, 11. 3-4 — there is a sub-reference to 'joyful- 
 ness' as an attendant meaning ; st. 5, 1. 4 (p. 69), " de Or''^ 
 of gold or golden. 
 
 ,, 69, St. I, 1. I, "«^}/w/A-^"= assumed, taken up; 1. 5, "r>;-^"= green 
 (in heraldry); st. 3, 1. 2, "bad rty«7///7^'-"= bad-desei-uing ; 
 1. 4, "full ;-£7f;7i/"= full-refined ; st. 4, 1. 3, "vupure"= 
 impure; 1. 6, " by this Signe" = in baptism, 7.1?., the sign of 
 the cross as used by Roman Catholics and Church of England 
 in baptism. 
 
 „ 70, st, I, 1. 4, ".(4/i?/7rt/«i-"= apostate in its transition-form. It occurs 
 thus in the well-known Optick Glasse of Humours (1639), 
 applied to Julian and elsewhere; st. 3, 1. I, punctuate with a 
 comma (,) after 'Charles'; 1. 3, "early rifmg"= early-rifing. 
 71, St. 3, 1. 3, "three Toades" ■ — T\\<t nickname for a Frenchman to this 
 day or for a Jerseyite is Johnny Crapaud = Johnny (the) toad. 
 The line is parenthetical; for the only "pourlraiture of com- 
 mendation by honor" belonging to the English Kings were the 3 
 fleurs de lis or lilia, st. 2, 1. 6; st, 4, 1. i, "barbed'" — as in Shakes- 
 pcre {Richard If, act iii, sc. 3) " barbed s\.QQd% to stables," and 
 
 f»
 
 Notes and I IhisU'ations. 2 1 1 
 
 {Richard III, act i, sc. i) "mounted barbed steeds "= barbed 
 by corruption from barde or barred = armed ; st. 4, 11. 5-6, 
 wrong grammar 'their' and 'conqueror.' 
 Page 72, St. I, 1. 3, " Who" .... no antecedent to this "Who" — \\Tio ( = 
 Time) with their guilded shews in opposition to those whose 
 armour is strongly made (1. l) — the combined nominative to 
 "are"; st. 2, 1. i, '' Calls" = Calais; 1. 3, " regme>ti"=x\x\e, 
 government; 1. 4, "f^;/?««c-^"= conquer — so too p. 85, 1. 9; 
 1. 5, "7?«zw"^ Rouen; st. 3, L 5, "j5^««^"= Iceland — 
 a very mythical conquest of Arthur, if he be meant. Query — 
 is " Ifland " a misprint for "Ireland" ? Singularly enough the 
 same question has to be put on the use of the word by Raleigh, 
 e.g., "If my fleet go for Ilande, and that your Lordshipp," &c. 
 The Editor annotates, "Soinyl/5"." (Edwards' ^a/<///, vol. ii, 
 p. 121.) 
 
 ,, 73, St. I, 1. 6, "■ lojl" — perhaps the Author intended "lose"; st. 2, 1. 2 — 
 a third example of a parenthetical line ; 1. 3, ''/o Inejllmable'''' = 
 [was] so inestimable — understood from 1. i ; st. 4, 11. 2 and 
 4 — Lucius and Tiberius of course the same man ; st. 5, 1. i, 
 ";v^-a«V<;"= retreat ; 1. 5, "Who'''' (p. 74) — another example 
 of "Who" with an odd antecedent "Who foraged about" 
 meaning they [the British], but the only expressed ante-cedent 
 is the "British name" and only becomes "Britalns"in next 
 stanza. 
 
 „ 74, St. 2, 1. I, '■' Mirmedons," i.e., myrmidons= Primarily a people on the 
 borders of Thessaly who went with Achilles to the Trojan war. 
 Hence it came to designate unscrupulous followers. 
 
 „ 75, St. 4, 1. 2, " Coitfin," i.e., for relationship generally. He was uncle. 
 Such is royal style still. 
 
 „ 76, St. I, 1. I, " Haggard" = 3i wild hawk, i.e., a hawk un-mannered or 
 un-reclaimed, agrliis, iiiunansudiis; st. 2, 1. 4, "/(7«a^"=foolish; 
 Mordreds smart, i.e., the smart caused by Mordred. The 
 "who" (1. 5) is "Arthur," as shown by next line, though the 
 ill-chosen word "unnatural" (like the "intemperate" of 1. 3) 
 seems to make against this; st. 4, 1. 6, " landing" = a landing {ib. ) 
 
 ,, 77, St. I, 1. 5, "k////(/?(7«(/"= stand against him with or withstand him 
 with ; St. 4, 1. 2, " mappe of Honor.'" Cf Richaid II, act v, 
 sc. I, "Thou map of honor," and so 2 Henry VI, act iii, sc. 1. 
 1. 4, "///^Z/<f^"= life-Liege; st. 5, I, 3, "Jean'" — punctuate 
 with ; and , after ' memorie ' in next line — ' fcan ' is used, as so 
 often, rythmi causa. 
 
 „ 78, St. I, 1. 4, " aitnce/lrie" — odd use of the word; 1. 6, "/«?/^"= lose ; 
 St. 2, 1. 2, " AngufeV .... He was king of Scotland and 
 brought 10,000 horse-mer to assist Arthur; 1. 5, "w(7j" = 
 verb singular after nominative plural ( ' bones '= body ) ; st. 3, 
 1. 6, " qiiaild"= quelled — so spelled to rhyme with 'sail'd.'
 
 2 1 2 A/oles a7id lUustrations. 
 
 Fage 79, st. 2, 1. 3, " proud-gather'' d'' : st. 3, 1. 2, "fa!ne-actJiieiiwg''''=izme.- 
 atchieving or achieving; 1. 4, "/';7</7ot'« "= Arthur's shield. 
 Drayton has celebrated it (along with his sword) — "With 
 Pridwin his great shield, and what the proof could bear." 
 {Polyolb. song iv.) Chester calls it his 'sword' (erroneously.) 
 st. 3, 1. 5> '^vnfeeng i/n/nor/alitie'" — mere "words, words, 
 words," rythuti causa ; st. 4, 1. 3, "/(3/2'(/"= loosed ; 1. 4, 
 " afiiaz'd''^ — frequently used contemporaneously for 'amated' 
 or disheartened or disturbed — also in the sense of our own 
 'maze,' signifying to be in a maze, or as one in a maze — 
 the latter in the text. 
 
 „ 80, St. I, I. 3, "r/tyt7-«'j" — perhaps 'deferu'd' was intended Ijy the Au- 
 thor; St. 2, 1. 5, "gaiie" — again, and like the use of ' funeral! ' 
 in line before, rythmi causa ; st. 3, 1. 3, " Bctrdfh " — sic ; ibid., 
 ^' di!tifi07i"= Welsh (divided into) verse, or music. Cf Romeo 
 and Juliet, act iii, sc. 5, "The lark makes sweet division"; 
 1.5, "/(?;-(y;?/ci"'=fore-said; st. 4, 1. 6, " /;{/(77^/'i£'i3"'=inscribed, 
 as 'affumpted' before (p. 69, st. i, 1. i.) 
 
 „ Si, St. I, 1. 2, "sy//(z//"= actes when vitall ; st. 2, 1. 6, "«?/d7-"= inter ; 
 St. 3, 1. 4, "■ 02tt 6-;7Vj-"= out- cries ; 1. 6, "^(7;;/'/^?//^"= haue 
 power over, tiietri causa : st. 4, 1. 3=high-proud or high-proud- 
 h-.iutie. 
 
 „ £2, St. I, 1. 4, "j^/£'W(7;7>"= memorial, as before; 1. 6, put hyphen (-) 
 thus certainly — "■ivell-fet . , . . bigge-lini'd" ; st. 3, 11. 5-6 — 
 a typical instance of Chester's extremely unskilful use of lan- 
 guage sometimes. Line 4 and 11. 3-4 must be accounted paren- 
 thetical, and then we obtain this — But that [one] was greater 
 than the rest ; had it been ' lesser ' [,] Britain would have been 
 blessed, i.e., Arthur had not died. 
 
 ,, 83. loltaiuiis Leylaudij,&ic. 1. 12, the "^«f" has got somehow disjoined 
 from ".(Etherij." The comma after 'petit' is an error of the 
 original. 
 
 ,, 84, 1. 5, " Vertues sole intent'''' — curious translation of or rather substitute 
 for "virtutis aliiinnus.''' 
 
 ,, 85, The true Pedigree, &c. The ' curious reader ' of 11. 3-4 must refer to 
 the Chronicles. The matter does not seem worth an Editor's 
 labour. I. I, " borne" ==ho\-tr\ in pronunciation, i.e., dissylla- 
 bic — also [fair] is needed before ^Wg}-ene" ; 1. 4, ^' etid''^= 
 close or conclude, r.g. ; 1. 7, "y&Wi?//;wj"= sometime, as be- 
 fore: 1. 9, cf. with 1. 10, where " Mclia^ius" is trisyllabic; 
 "(-w/«/«c^"= conquer, as before (p. 72, st. 2, 1. 4); 1. 16 — 
 qu. — did he intend this to be scanned as an hexameter or pen- 
 tameter line? Probably as the latter; 1. 17, '^/oueragnize" — 
 frequent verb form with Chester, and later. 
 
 ThK PoKM-I'ROPER RE.SUMED. 
 
 ,, 86, St. I, 1. I, " Troynouant"— new Troy — the mythic name of 'Lon-
 
 Notes and Illustrations. 2 1 3 
 
 don'; 1. 5, "rai/d" — qu, 'raife'? St. 2, I. i — punctuate 
 comma after 'when'; ibiJ., ''more nearer" — reduplicated 
 comparative; 1. 3, " famous huilded" = {z.xnovi%-\i\3A<\til \ 1. 7, 
 •'«^^r<f"= ne'er ; ibid., " (am\i" — a quaint etymology for 
 * Thames ' certes ; St. 3, 1. 2, " ?v7 {7"'^/" = praised ; 1. 3, "■ Cotin- 
 cel f^aw^t'/-" = Councel-chamber ; 1. 4, *■' Experiment'''' = 
 experience. Here Nature, &c. 
 Page 87, 1. 2 — What's Cupid but a boy ? (of Poem continued) — ought doubt- 
 less to have had ' Phoenix ' in the margin. 
 
 ,, 8S, St. 2, 1. 2, "farre remoted''' = farre-remoted, i.e., removed ; Poem 
 continued — st. 2, 1. 3, yzi/^<'/(f//«w^>4(^"= svveete-smoothd ; 1. 4, 
 "Zw<^"=Loue's, the 's' being m "felfe" -, st. 3, 1. 3, "JJial- 
 /^-i' w///'^(/"=shallovv-witted ; I, 4, "force maleriaH"=3Liorc<i6 
 phrase for the gew-gaws and wanton toys of which Nature had 
 said Loue [in shallow-minds] was fond ; st. 4, 1. 2, " parted" = 
 departed ; ibid. 1. 3 (p. 89), "this Wagon" — printer's error foi 
 ' his Waggon ' the ' th ' being caught tVom previous ' with '. 
 Chester has here lapsed ; they aie in Phcebus' chariot — see 
 p. 1 7, St. 3. But now Nature says that Phoebus has ' parted * 
 from their sight and mounted in[to] the sky with his Waggon, 
 thus giving passage to the 'gloomie night'; 1. 7, "bottomt 
 plaines"= bottome^plaines. 
 
 ,, 89, St. I, 1. 3, "tafie"= feel. So Chapman (Odyss xxi), " He now began 
 to /(TJ/^ the bow. " St. 2, " Looke," Sec. Here again, 'Nature' 
 should be in the margin ; 1. 2, "wm^W />/(?/.?"= meadow-plats; 
 1.3, "rt;;/<7w^"=forcefully; 1. 4, "yt'«W'=in a quasi-nautical 
 sense, r.c.; st. 3, 1. 4, " extenuate" = extend — a curious use of 
 the word, rytkmi causa ; 11.6 7, " (?/"/i/<7;//j," &c.= the glories 
 of, &c. (1. 3) — 11. 4-5, as so frequent in Chester are of a paren- 
 thetical character. 
 
 ,, 90, St. I, 1. I, "Mandrake"— I found it still believed in, as here, on and 
 in the villages at the foot of, Carmel in Palestine. It abounds 
 near Nazareth; st. 2, 1. I, "Yellow Cro-wbels" — said to be 
 peculiar to Wilts (Aubrey) = Crowbells — Tent lily, asphodil, 
 daffodil, — Narcissus Pseudonacissus. So Prior; but in text we 
 have Daphedill immediately following ; I. 2, " Good Harry" — 
 in full, Good-King-Harry, i.e., Allgood, English Mercury, 
 goose-foot, Chenopodium Bonus Henricus L. ; ibid., " herbe 
 ^t)<^£^/"= stork-bill, i.e.. Geranium Robertianum L. — its de- 
 rivation is differently accounted for; ibid., "luJiite Cotula"=- 
 Mayweed, foetid, and otherwise, Matricaria Chamomilla, L. 
 and Pyrethium Parthenium, L. ; 1. 3, " Adders graffe" — ac- 
 cording to Gerarde cynosorchis ; probably = adder's tongue — 
 for this is called in old MSS. nedderis gres (grass) as well as 
 ncdderis tonge, Serpentaria, Ophioglossum vulgatum, L.; ibid..
 
 2 1 4 Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 "^;>/^frt'///"=asphodil, i.e., a species of daffodil ; 1. 4, ^^ Agnus 
 Crty?«j' " = the chaste tree; ibid., " Acadia" = acacia., an 
 American Robinia — Rob. Pseudocacia ; 1. 5, " Blacke Arke- 
 AngelV = "Cac dead, deaf or blind nettle — colours white, red 
 and yellow, not ' black ' Lamium alb, purpur. L. and Galeob- 
 dolon Cr. — the name was also applied to the umbelliferous 
 plant Angelica, archangelica L. ; ibid., " Coloquintida" — still 
 well known = colocynth ; 1. 6, "»S"/;?^'i^/7(?" = Cinquefoil = 
 five-leaved grass, Potentilla, L. ; ibid., " Boies Me}rurie'^ qu. 
 
 — Child's or Childing Mercury, of which Parkinson gives a 
 drawing and calls it Phyllum manficum and feminificum ; 1. 7, 
 '^ Goo/efoof^ — Chenopodium L. See 1. 2, under "Good 
 Harry"; ibid., "Gold/nap" — qu. golden cudweed? or a form 
 of ' gold-knappe ' = gold or butter-cup = King or Gilt cup, 
 ranunculus, L. ; ibid., " Gratia Z?t'^ "=Gratiola, Hedge Hyssop, 
 Scutellaria minor, L. ; st. 3, 1. I, " Afq//e of the ^'t'rt"^ sea- 
 moss, coraline ; ibid., '^ Siiccoyie" — still so called = wild 
 endive, Cichorium Intybus ; I. 2, " IVeedivind''' = Withwind, 
 convolvulus arvensis, L. ; 1. 3, " I\fiisk?iieaIons" — or ' musk- 
 million,' a species of sweet melon in opposition to the water- 
 melon ; ibid., '■' Aloujlaile''' = little stone-crop = a species of 
 the house-leek — said by Prior to be Myosurus minimus; ibid., 
 " Meirurie"=as before, st. 2, 1. 7, but the French M. seems to 
 be called the 'Mercury' Mercur. annua, L. ; 1. 4, "■ Arkangell" 
 ■ — as before, st. 2, 1. 5 ; 1. 5, ^^ Soiildiers perrmu''' — qu. soldiers' 
 yarrow, millefoil, achillrea millefolium, L. ? ibid., " Soiithcrne- 
 wc^^ " = Southern wormwood, Artemisia Abrotanum, L. — 
 I found this covering acres on the gentler slopes of Sinai ; 
 1.6, '^ Stone hearts tongue" — Abrotanum, L. ; ibid., " Blejj'ed 
 thijile"= sacred — the emblem of Scotland, i.e., Carduus bene- 
 dictus ; ibid., "Sea Trt/oly" — can find none with epithet 
 •Sea'; 1. 7, " Ladies cu/iion" = Thv\h ? Sea Gilliflower, 
 Cushion Pink, Armeria Vulgaris, W. ; ibid., " Spaines Pelli- 
 torie" — called in Latin Pyrethrum, L. , "by reason of his hot 
 and fiery taste," Gerarde, Anacyclus Pyrethrum, De Candole ; 
 St. 4, 1. I, " where as''' = \v\\txta\. ; 1. 3, "aches" — disyllabic 
 as in Shakespeare ; 1. 7. " Agnus Cajhis" —ashchKfSt. 2, 1. 4 
 
 — a fitting request by the ' J'7;-^/«-queen. ' 
 
 Page 91, st. I, 1. 4, " that bends" = \\\c hot inflamed spiritc 'that bends' to 
 Luxury is 'allaid' by Agnus Castus ; st. 2, 1. I, "Burn me' 
 
 — this way of speaking, not uncommon in Shakespeare, was 
 also not uncommon in the colloquial speech of the time 
 and later, and even now is not; ibid., "Jirazu " — sixov/ \ 
 1. 2, " Whereas" = \\\\c\ca\., as before; 1. 5, " auaunt" = 
 begone — note again that as descriptive of Faphos Ik =
 
 Notes and Illustrations. 2 1 5 
 
 Ireland — all this is peculiarly appropriate ; st, 3, 1. I, " Clary 
 or Cleare-eie''^ = Oc. Chrisli, God's eye, Seebright, from M. 
 Lat. sclarea, Salvia sclarea, L. ; 1. 2, " Calices fiiotit" = 
 Lion's Snap, Snap-dragon, Antiirrhinum Majus, L., but 
 in old works given to ragged robin, Lychnis flos cuculi, L. ; 
 ibid., " Ctikoe fimucrs" = wilde water cresses, cardamine 
 (Gerarde) ; ibid., " Ciickoes meate" = C. Bread or Gowks 
 Meat — blossoms at the season that the cuckoo is heard 
 — Oxalis acetosella, L, Wood sorrcll ; 1. 3, " Calathian 
 f^7(?/e'/j " = Autumn bells. Sing flower, Gentiana Pneumon- 
 anthe, L. ; ibid., " Z>t'Wi^if;-;7i? " = Rubus chamannorus; 1. 4, 
 *'■ Leopards fooie" — can't find ; 1. 5, "Indian Siinne" — ibid.; 
 1. 6, " Valerian" = capon's tail and ('improperly,' ParkinsonJ 
 Setwal, Valeriana Officinalis, L. ; ibid., " IVilhie wind" = 
 A.S. Wib, about, same as bindweed. Convolvulus arvensis, L., 
 also 'Weedwind,' p. 90, st. 2 ; 1. 7, IVoodbiiid" — given by 
 Parkinson as the honeysuckle : but it must have been also used 
 for a different plant . Cf. Mids. N. D., iv, i. Prior says it 
 may be the bitter sweet, Solanum Dulcamara ; also he gives it 
 to the Lonicera Periclymenum, L. The ' honey-suckle ' was not 
 ague-curing. It is simply impossible that Shakespeare meant 
 that the honeysuckle enwreathed the honeysuckle and called it 
 by two different names. There is, however, no reason why the 
 'withwind' or 'bind-weed' {i.e., convolvulus) should not have 
 been called in Warwickshire or elsewhere the woodbine, the 
 derivation being not a ' bine ' found in woods, but a ' bine ' that 
 clings to a tree or other shrub; st. 4, 1. r, " Coliander" = 
 Coriander C. Sativum, L; 1. 2, " C(;///7^W' = aromatic root 
 of the rush cyperits longus, L. ; ibid., " Go/dctips" = meadow 
 ranunculus = butter cups; ibid., " B/tpnyiis" — Buprestis 
 Theophrasti referred by Parkinson to the hares-eares, genus 
 Bupleurum, L. ; 1, 3, "/mall /lone/lies" = F'mckes (pinks) in 
 Parkinson; ibid., ^' Eye-bright" = Oc\i\. Christi, q.v.', ibid., 
 ^' Cocidiis Panter" — can find nothing but Coculus Indus or 
 Indi ; I. 4, "Double tongue" = the plant horse-tongue; ibid., 
 " Moly" = Homer's plant — called by Parkinson Hungarian or 
 Saracen's Garlic ; ibid., " Ant/iillis" = sea. chickwced and sea 
 ground pine according to Parkinson ; but it seems to be a name 
 of Dioscorides, on which no definite conclusion could be come 
 to : p. 2S1 and at p. 569, he speaks of the ground pine as 
 called by some Anthyllis ; 1. 5, " Claiier" = clover, also called 
 Mellilot ; ibid., " ALthiopis" = an A^thiopian plant which Par- 
 kinson first classed among the Mulleins (the Verbascas, L. ) but 
 afterwards put with the Clarys (the Salvias, L. ) ; 1. 6, "flora- 
 /;/c;;v? " = fleur d' amour, Fr., from a mistaken etymology of
 
 2 1 6 Notes and I llustrations. 
 
 Amaranthus, Am. tricolor, L. ; ibid., '^ Euphorbium^'' = see on 
 St. 3, 1. I ; ibid., " E/ula" = sovdQ of the Tithimailes or 
 Spurges (Euphorbia) (Parkinson, s.v.) ; I. 7, " Cajjla Ji/lula" 
 = an Indian plant producing a pulp still used medicinally. It 
 has preserved its name to this day. 
 fage 92, st. I, ^^ By the way'''' — note this now familiar phrase ; 1. 2, " Moly'''' 
 — as before; 1. 5, " /o^i-k " = ladened ; st. 3, 1. i, "Mug- 
 wort" — said by Prior to be a form of Mothwort, also called 
 Mothenwort Artemisia Vulgaris, L. ; ibi{i., " .S>;/a " = senna, 
 the well known drug ; ibid., " Tithimailes" = " Herbe a laict, 
 Spurge, Tithimal, Milkweed (Milkwort, Parkinson), Wolves 
 Milk." Cotgrave; 1. 2, " Oke of lerufalem" = {\z'i.'i sup- 
 posed to resemble oak leaf) — Oak of Cappadocia Chenopo- 
 dium Ambrosioides, L. ; ibid., '^ Lyiyrotifaiicieor Liriconfaiicy" 
 = corruption of lilium convallium, or lily of the valley, Conval- 
 laria majalis, L. ; 1. 3, " Larkes/purre " — so known at present, L. 
 heel — toe or claw, Knights spurs Delphinium, L. ; ibid., 
 ^^ Larkes claw" — I find no such word, but Prior gives it as a 
 synonym for Lark's spur, and Chester is no authority ; 1. 4, 
 *' Garden Nigella " = a Fennel flower, Nigella damascena, L. ; 
 ibid., "3////" — I can't find; ibid., " P/^;«V " = peony ; 1. 5, 
 ".Sc'^/f^r/V" — centaury ; 1. 6, " Soxobread" — its tuber eaten by 
 swine, Cyclamen europoeum, L. ; ibid., '■^ Goates oregan,''' or 
 goat's organy, or goat's marjoram; 1. 7, " Pdeuicitm" — I 
 can't find ; ibid., " Ofinond the Waterman " = Osmund Fern, 
 Os. royal, St. Christopher's Herb=Osmunda regalis, L. ; st. 4, 
 1. I — punctuate, after " Mtigwort" — see before, p. 92, st. 3, 
 1. I. 
 „ 93, St. 2, 1. 3, " Melampus," 1. 4, "■ Proctits" — see Myth. Diet., s.v., the 
 first mortal endued with prophetic powers and medical skill 
 undertook to cure Proetus' daughters, king of Argos, and got 
 two-thirds of kingdom ant' married one daughter (one account); 
 St. 3, 1. I, " Centrie" — see p. 92, st. i, 1. 5 ; 1. 6, "aches" — 
 disyllabic, as before noted. 
 „ 94, sL 1,1. 7, "hath" — another of the author's curious change of tenses ; 
 St. 2, 1. I, " Ofmond balepate" — I know not unless is = Osm. 
 the Waterman, that being " singular for wounds, bruises and 
 the like" — see p. 92, st. 3, 1. 7 ; ibid., " Plebatie" — I can't 
 find — might be error for Fleabane = Inula Pulicaria, L. ; ibid., 
 " Ocubis Chrijli" = Wild clary, God's eye. See-bright, Salvia 
 Sclarea, L. ; 1. 2, " Salomons /eale" = Solomon's, i.e., Ladder 
 to heaven, Convallaria Polygonatum, L. , root stock cut across, 
 being marked like two triangles reversed ; ibid., " Sam/^ire"= 
 samphire — every one knows .Shakespeare's reference to it — 
 "one that gathers sa;uphire" {Lear, act iv, sc. 6); Fr. St.
 
 Notes and Ilhistraiions. 2 1 7 
 
 Pierre, and so Sampire from its growing on sea cliffs ; 1. 3* 
 *' Sage 0/ A'ni/a/cm" — cowslips of Jerusalem, Lingv.ort, 
 Bugloss cowslip, spotted Comfrey, Pulmonaria officinalis, L. ; 
 1. 4, "Great /V/f^^/Za " = Mouseear, Hieracium Pilosella, L. ; 
 ibid.f " Seijgreene" — see note under ' Water Sengrecne, ' p. 96, 
 St, 4, I. 2 ; ibid., "^i/fXrtWf/c'A-" = horse-parsley, Smyrnium 
 Oliis atrum, L.; 1. 5, " Knights Milfoile'" — qu., the hooded 
 Milfoil, Bladder-wort, Utricularia vulgaris, L. ; ibid., " Ma/- 
 ticke" = MasiicVic, gum from Pistacia Lentiscus, from Scio; 
 ibid., " Stocke gilbfer''' ^ Our present 'stock,' Matthiola 
 incana, L. ; 1. 6, " //^/-fe fe/o/^«ir^"=money wort from its pairs of 
 round leaves, Lysimachia Nummularia, L. ; ibid., " Jlermo- 
 dactilV = roots sold as medicine in Parkinson's time, but the 
 plant unknown — ' Redjlcnver Piinpernell' Anagallis arvensis, 
 L. ; St. 4, 1. I, " i?nperiotis'" — punctuate with , after; 1. 2, 
 "crie difdaining = crie -disdaining ; 1, 6, " /oiuer" = lowered j 
 1. 7, ^' tieare" = ne'er. 
 PfigePS. St. I, 1.6, "Z(^a';-rt' /zt'^rto/" = hard-hearted; st. 2, 1. 2, " monie 
 excelling" = morne-excelling ; st. 1-2 — profoundly suggestive 
 of the radiant, impulsive, passionate Essex. See our Introduc- 
 tion; St. 3, 1. 5, "rejine" — odd yet noticeable use of ' refine ' ; 
 St. 4, 1. I, " Carrefs" — set p. 96, st. I ; ibid., '' Cheruile" = 
 Chxrophyllum sylvestre, L., x^-^P^'P^^^ov, xcpt^i I rejoice, 
 <pv\\ou, leaf; ibid., 1. 2, " J^ed Paficns" = Patience or Monks 
 rhubarb, dock, Rumex Patientia, L. ; "Purjlane" — seep. 96, 
 St. 3 ; ibid., " Gingidiwn " — Parkinson calls it strange chevrill, 
 and says that all the varieties come from Syria, except one from 
 Spain ; 1. 3, " Oxe eie" = the great daisy, from Lat. buphthal- 
 mus. Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum, L. ; " Penygrajfes" — 
 The sheep-killing p-g. is = penny-rot, the white-rot — marsh 
 pennywort, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, L. Cotgrave gives, "lierbe 
 qui tue les brebis, Moneywort, herb two-penny, two-penny 
 grass," and Parkinson the same ; but these names seem to have 
 been given rather confusedly to Hydrocotyle vulg., Pinguicula 
 vulg., and Lysimachia Nummularia, L. ; 1. 4, " Cuckoe pintell" 
 = amt/i viacidatum, L. See wake-robin, p. 96 ; ibid., " Ladies 
 Jea le "= SigiW. S. Manx = B/yonia nigra. Prior, following 
 some of our old herbalists, says that it and Solomon's seal are the 
 same, i.e., Convallaria Polygonatum, L. ; but Parkinson differs 
 and makes the S. S. Marice, black bryony, Tamus communis, L ; 
 ibid., "Saga pinum" = Sagapenum, a gum like Galbanum 
 from Media ; 1. 5, " Theophrajlns violet''^ = (old names) white 
 violet or wallflower; ibid., " Vincetoxicuni" — Parkinson calls 
 it Gefiiianclla minor verna ; 1. 6, "Saint Peters wort" — cow- 
 slip, from resembling a bunch of keys, Primula veris, L.; ibid.,
 
 1 1 1> Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 " F'e/ms /iaire"=MaiderL hair fern, Adiantum, L. ; 1. 6, " Sg/nl- 
 la " = squills. I saw huge shrub-like plants of it in Palestine. 
 Page 96, St. I, 1. 6, "^ir7^/c/;'i.ww/«^"= Sad-dreaming; 1. 7, ^^honieworkhig"=: 
 honie-vvorking ; 1. 5, *^ But'''' — They would sell, &c., rather 
 than not view or experience thy sweete, &c.a st. 2, 1. 2, 
 ^'- raiiijiied" = ravished infernal Pluto ; st. 3, 1. i, " Puiylane" 
 — Portulaca oleracea, L., as before, p. 95, st. 3, 1. 2 ; st. 4, 1. i, 
 ^' RockeV — corruption of diminutive of eruca, Eruca sativa 
 Lam.; ibid., ''lack by the hedge'''' = vaoYt properly 'Jakes,' 
 from its offensive garlicky smell, Sauce alone, Alliaria offi- 
 cinalis, L. ; ibid. ''Lone in /(//^«^;^i,'"= [small] pansy: Viola 
 Tricolor, L. ; 1. 2, "Knights water Sengreene" — Sengreene is 
 the houseleek, sin (Sax.) ever, also aigreen, Jupiter's eye, 
 Bullock's eye, Jupiter's beard, Sempervivum Teclorum, L. 
 Parkinson speaks of an Egyptian water plant looking like a 
 houseleek which was called Stratiotes, and this or the Stratiotes 
 Aizoides he calls in his Index Water Sengreen ; 1. 3, "Paris 
 Natiews'''' — query. Herb Paris or Truelove, its four leaves re- 
 sembling a truelove knot — but ' Navews ' are rapes, turnips, 
 and sometimes it would seem radishes; ibid., "'Tor7te/ol''^ = 
 (sun-flower ? ) Wartwort, Euphorbia helioscopia, L. ; 1, 4, 
 " Siarre ihi/le'''' — so called from its spiny involucre, Centaurea 
 Solstitialis, L.; 1. 5, " Seia'' — I can't find this; \. 6, " Wake- 
 robbins" = Cuckoo-Pint, Wake-Pintle, Arcm maculatum, L., 
 one among several repetitions, shewing that Chester repeated 
 without knowledge: cf. 'Cuckoe Pintle,' p. 95, st. i, 1. 4, ci 
 alibi; ibid., " Ilartichocke" = a.\'i.\c\idkQ. 
 }> 97) St. 1, 1. I, " Ifyacinth?is." See Apollod., i, 3, § 3, for the ancient myth. 
 1. 5, "y/Jr/Hc/t/^ff"— a trisyllable here; 1. 7, "red jvhite mingled'''' 
 t= red-white mingled, or red-white-mingled; ib., "Gilli-Jlower" 
 = carnation. But Shakespeare distinguished between the carna- 
 tion and gilliflower, e.g. 
 
 •' The fairest flowers of the season, 
 Are our Carnations and streaked Gillyflowers " 
 
 Witiier's Tale, iv, 3. 
 
 which is kindred with Spenser's distinction between 'Carna- 
 tions ' ( ' Coronations ' as he rightly spells — from coronas = 
 garlands) and Sops-in-wine, which, nevertheless, are only two 
 of the numerous names of this one beautiful plant. I met with 
 it wild on the plain of Esdraelon, at the foot of the mountains of 
 Gilboa in Palestine — white, streaked with pale red. Cf, Alid- 
 summer Night's Dream, act. ii, sc. 2, for an exquisite descrip- 
 tive hit. Dr. Brinsley Nicholson — to whom, as throughout, I 
 am extremely indebted for most painstaking researches on
 
 Notes a7id Illustralions. 2 1 9 
 
 Chester's flowers, &c. — thus writes me hereon: "The carna- 
 tion and gilliflower seem to have been different species (or at 
 least varieties) of llie same genus. Parkinson (Paradisus Ter., 
 p. 314) says, * Most of our later writers call them by one gene- 
 rall name, Caryophylliim sativum zxi^fios Caryophyllms, adding 
 thereunto maximiis, when wee mean carnations, and maior 
 when we would express gilloflowers, which name is taken from 
 cloves, in that the sent of the ordinary red gilloflower (quasi 
 July flower) especially doth resemble them.' I give this to 
 clear up the difficulty that has always existed as to Shakes- 
 peare's and Spenser's lines. Even now I find a distinction 
 made between carnations and pinks and gilloflowers, and I am 
 much inclined from this to believe in the derivation from carnis 
 and not from coroncc — the 'popular carnation ' being, as I un- 
 derstand it, of a red colour with the barest mingling of a reddish 
 
 white." St. 2 — this and other contextual stanzas are to be 
 read between the lines. ' Nature ' is pleading with the 
 •Phoenix' (Elizabeth) for the 'Turtle dove' (Essex). St. 3, 
 1. 2, '■'■fduer coloured Z?7//^ "= silver-coloured. Cf. p. 21, 
 heading of 'A Prayer' — 'a silver coloured Dove'; 1. 6, " A? a"" 
 = the exclamation of woe by Apollo for the mortally v,-ounded 
 Hyacinthus or the letter T of "t6.\iivQos ; st. 4, 1. i, "J]iift''= 
 trick; 1. 4, " 7'?y<2'?/(7«/j'"= truants ; 1. 5, " deepe reade"= 
 deepe-reade. 
 Page 98, st, I, 1. I, '■'• RockeV — see on p. 96, st. 4, 1. i ; 1. 2, '^ in your Maijlers 
 broid'= frowns indicative of displeasure? 1. 7, " That what is 
 feenezuithout comes not zuithin,'" i.e., I suppose, the 'wheals' 
 are there but no ' blood ' drawn or pain caused ; st. 2, I. 4, 
 *' Artichocks" — see p. 96, st. 4, 1. 6 ; ib., 'zvho' — note this for 
 which; 1. 5, "Sod" = sodden or steeped ; st. 3, 11. I & 3, put 
 hyphen in 'Sommer-time and Winter-time' ; st. 4, 1. i, " Sozu- 
 bread' — see p. 99, sts. 1-3, and note p. 92, st. 3, 1. 6 — 
 Cyclamen Europoeum, L. ; ib., "Stauzoort" — qu. stonecrop? 
 or as we have had stonecrop, qu. error for Stab-wort, Oxalis 
 acet, L., or Star-wort, Aster Tripolium, L. ? ib. "Starre of 
 Hierufalem" — qu. Star of Bethlehem? Prior makes the Star 
 of Bethlehem to be Ornithogaldum umbellatum, L., and the 
 Star of Jerusalem or girasole, Tragopogon porrifolium ; but Par- 
 kinson in his Index makes them the same, and gives as syno- 
 nyms Goats-beard, Go-to-bed-at-noon, Joseph's flower, also a 
 Tragopogon (pratense), L. ; 1. 2, " Vcruine" = \^x\zJm. or ver- 
 vine — anciently used in sacred rites and ceremonies — also 
 called holy herb, pigeon's grass, Juno's tears, &c., Verbena 
 officinalis, L. ; ib., " Tan/ie" — a yellow ill-savoured wild 
 plant, still so-named — Tanacctum vulgare ; Fr., tanaise —
 
 220 Notes and IlliLstrations. 
 
 'tansy' from Athanasia Gr. from a misinterpretation of Lucian 
 {Dial, of Gods, iv) ; 1. 3, ^' Go to bed at noone" — see 'Starre 
 HieiTisalem,' 1. l; ib., " Tititnalem" — see note on p. 92, st. 
 2,1. i; 1. 4, ^^ Hundred headed thijlle" — I imagine the refe- 
 rence is to the abundant 'thistle-clown' that bears the seed 
 in a 'hundred' directions; ib., '^ luie" — see p. 98, st. 4. 
 Shakespeare says — 
 
 " The female Ivy so 
 Enrings the barky fingers of the elm." 
 
 Midsummer Nighfs Dream, act. iv, sc. I. 
 
 One rarely or never sees it roiind the (traditional) 'vine.' 
 Pliny tells us {s.v.) that the yellow berries of ivy drunk secure 
 one from drunkenness, and Cato and Varro that there is such 
 antipathy between the ivy and wine that if wine and water be 
 put into an ivy cup, the water remains but the wine soaks 
 through. Hence the appropriation of both to Bacchus might 
 have ai-isen from the ivy being thought a preservative from all 
 but the good effects of the grape. Milton sings of ' ' the ivy never 
 sear." 1. 5, " Storks bill" — an herb still so named ; ib., "Stone- 
 croJ>"=the Sedum acre of Linnaeus ; ib., "Canary'" ^ canary- 
 seed — so known still ; 1. 6, " Dwarfe gentia}t" —ste-^, 100, st. 3; 
 ib., "Snakrcveed^'=3.Mtv's wort or bistort. Polygonum Bistorta; 
 ib., " Saiiory." This plant gets its name from the Latin 
 Satiireia through the Italian Savoreggia. Wintei 'j Tale, act. iv, 
 sc. 3 (Ellacombe). 1. 8, " ^5^// ra^j "= a kind of water-cress ? 
 ib., "prickly Boxe'" =^ either our buck-thorn rhamnus cathar- 
 ticus, L., "the buck being a misrendermg of Germ, buxdom 
 = box-thorn irvlaKavQa" Prior; or another plant called by 
 Parkinson box-thorn (p. 1009) Lycium sive Pyxacantha, he 
 having spoken of buck-thorn in the previous chapter; ib., 
 *^ Ha/pis of Coucntry'' — the 'raspberry,' Gerarde describes 
 it by the name of ' Rubus idceus, the raspis bush, or hind-berry. 
 He has this notice of it : — " The raspis is planted in gardens: 
 it groweth not wilde that I know of, except in a field by a 
 village in Lancashire, called Harwood, not far from Black- 
 burn" (p. 1273). As resident in Blackburn I may state that 
 the 'raspberry' abounds in the woods all around us. See 
 Narcs's s.v. for a full note. 
 Page 99, St. I, 1. 5, " Vnliffe too much," &c., i.e., unless they wish abortion or 
 miscarriage; St. 2, 1. 5, " Whe7i Mother Lidlabie 7i<ith ioy fliould 
 fitg" = Mother sing Lullabie with ioy; 1. 6, " Yet wanton 
 fcaping Maides," &.C. Cf. st. i, 1. 5, and relative note; also 
 the next stanza here. St. 4, 1. 4, "the maiden Cijfiis" = 
 Kta-ffos ivy. There seems at p. 100, st. i, 11. 1-5, a reminis- 
 cence of the story of Ariadne and Dionysus.
 
 Notes and lUustratiojis. 
 
 22 I 
 
 Page 100, St. I, 1. 3, " m/ttared'^ = drawn thither; but by stress of rhyme, and 
 30 too in 1. 5. St. 3, 1. 2, "//^/^/;//«^r»= hot-shining; 1. 5, 
 "nctJIiunne''=v,o\. [otherwise]; st. 4, 1. i, " Carduus bmcdidm 
 Bhjfed thijlle. So Shakespeare — 
 
 Margaret. Get you some of this distilled Carduus Benedictus, 
 and lay it to your heart; it is the only thing for a qualm. 
 
 Hero. There thou prickest her with a Thistle. 
 
 Beati-ice. Benedictus! Why Benedictus? You have some 
 moral in this Benedictus. 
 
 Margaret. Moral ! No by my troth, I have no moral mean- 
 ing; I meant plain Holy Thistle." 
 
 {Much Ado About Nothing, ac. iii, sc. 4.) 
 
 The ' Holy Thistle ' or ' Blessed Thistle ' was long held to be a 
 heal-all. See Steevens' Shakespeare ?« /^f<? ; 1. 2, " N'e/wort" 
 see p. loi, St. I — Parkinson calls it White Hellebore. Prior, 
 under sneeze- wort, says = Achilla;a Ptarmica ; ibid., " Feni- 
 royall" — (so called still) Latin puleium regium and L. Mentha 
 pulegium — supposed to destroy fleas — also called pudding 
 grass, because used in 'stuffings'; ibid., " A/lrohchia" — can- 
 not find anywhere; 1. 3, '' Vellozu IFoI/s-banc" = aconite — 
 usually blue, but one kind has pale yellow flowers ; ibid., 
 "Bramb/e." See a most interesting note on this familiar plant 
 (or shrub) in Ellacombe's Plant-Lore and Garden Craft of 
 Shakespeare (1878), s.v. 1. 4, "Our Ladies JSedJlraw" = the 
 plant Galium; ib.. *'^;wMm,f" = water-pimpernell, Vor- 
 mica Beccabringa, L.; ibid., " Lu7iaria" — seep. loi, st. 4; 
 1. 5, "Cinijue Joile''= five-leaved grass, but Prior makes them 
 difterent — Typha latifolia and Phleum pratense L.; ib., "Cats 
 taile"= the plant horse-tail? Potentilla, L.; ib., " Creje Sa'a- 
 iica" — so-called (I suppose) as good for alleviating sciatic and 
 rheumatic pains — a kind of candytuft, Ihorls amara, L; 1. 6, 
 "Llollihockes" = holly-hock — still well-known and admired; 
 ib., " Mou/care" = 'L^tm, myosotis, Hieracium Pilosclla, L. 
 — appearance of chickweed, but the flower larger and the fruit 
 ox-horn shape, open at the top and full of small round seeds. 
 There is a mouse ear chickweed and a mouse ear scorpion grass, 
 but they are both different. Holland's Pliny, however, gives 
 as a synonym for mouse ear (Myosotis) chickweed. Prior gives 
 mouse ear chickweed, stellaria media ; ib., " Pely Morrell"= 
 garden night-shade, i.e., solanum nigra; 1. 7, *^ Sage'''' — see 
 p. ici, sts. 2-3; ib., "iVt'r//Wi.'j"= scorpion-grass or cater- 
 pillers, though the word ought to be Scorpioides. It is the 
 mouse ear scorpion grass, now called forget-m^-not — Myosotis 
 palustus, L., from its spike, says Prior, resembling a scorpion's
 
 22 2 A/oles and 1 Uustratioris. 
 
 tail, it was supposed by the doctrine of signatures to be gcjd 
 against a scorpion's bite; ib., ^' garden /orrdl" ^i\\Q wild 
 ' wood ' sorell cultivated — a sallet. 
 Page loi, St. 1, 1. 3, "/od"= sodden or steeped. Cf. p. 98, st. 2, 1. 5 ; st. 2, 1. 3, 
 *'^//«j'"= probably Aetius of Amida, a physician and writer 
 on medicine? He refers to Egyptian medicine in his B 'larpiKO. 
 fKKaiSeKo.; St. 4, 1. 4, " /lo/yioc/ce" = a horse's fetter to prevent 
 anything but a gentle pace and straying — qu. — get twisted 
 among the leaves and stems and so un-locked ? 
 ,, 102, St. I, 1. I, ^^ Standergras" — having double tubers, it was thought 
 on the doctrine of signatures to have aphrodisiac powers. Prior, 
 Orchis mascula, L. This and 'Hares ballockes' and 'great 
 Orchis ' are different names for one plant, as shown by descrip- 
 tion and name, and by the text ' provoketh ' and 'procureth,' 
 1. 2, and 'It,' 11. 3 and 5, ei scq.; 11. 6-7=only to be used 
 fresh or newly pulled; st. 3, 1. I, " Ro/ematie" — See Ella- 
 combe, as before, for a full note on this once wonderfully 
 popular plant ; ib., "//^//f^"= uphold or state or make just ; 
 
 1. 6, "Confcrues rejlores"" — plural nominative to verb 
 
 singular; st. 4, 1. i, " Divale or NightJJiade'' — the latter ex- 
 plains the former name. The 'Dwale-Bluth' of young Oliver 
 Madox-Brown has revived the older name unforgetably; 1. 4, 
 "<r^//^"= disturbance, tumult; 1. 6, " A imai/ie" = Germany; 
 1. 7, '' 7io!ig/it"= naught, naughty, bad. 
 
 As this ends our Author's rapid naming and description of 
 plants and flowers, I must semi-apologize for my attempt to 
 give each its scientific name. I have ventured to do so (through 
 Dr. Nicholson's ready aid) ^/si from the tendency people then 
 had to give the same name to different flowers, second that tlie 
 then Botanists placed different species of different genera under 
 under one generic name. I would now introduce here a hitherto 
 unprinted poem from a MS. in the Chetham Library, Man- 
 chester, wherein the most popular flowers are daintily intro- 
 duced, as follows : 
 
 MusA Amatoria. 
 
 1. In funny fumers heatinge 
 Cloffe in an arbour fittinge 
 
 Under a mirtle fliade ; 
 For my kinde loue the faireft 
 W^^ flowers of the rarefl, 
 
 A Pofie thus I made. 
 
 2. The firfl of maidens fancie 
 W"" purple coloured panfy, 
 
 The goold that fhutt at night ;
 
 
 Notes and Illustrations. 223 
 
 
 And then I platt a maidens blulh. 
 
 
 A Tulupp and Narciffus, 
 
 
 W"* Campions red and white. 
 
 
 3. The violett and the Eglantine, 
 
 
 \V"> Cowflips fwcet and fops in wine, 
 
 
 Sweete marjoram and ox eye ; 
 
 
 The flowers of muflce milHons, 
 
 
 Come blowe me downe, fweet Williams, 
 
 
 Wall-flowers and favorye. 
 
 
 4. The cheifefl flowers for pofes. 
 
 
 Are pinks, gilliflowers and rofes ; 
 
 
 I pluckt them in their prime. 
 
 
 The Larkheelc and the Lillie, 
 
 
 The fragrant Daffa-dillie, 
 
 
 W'h Lauender and tyme. 
 
 
 5. The cheifefl flowers for taflinge. 
 
 
 The flower euerlafl;inge 
 
 
 I puld it from the baye ; 
 
 
 The blew and coloured collobine, 
 
 
 The Dafie and the woodbine. 
 
 
 And next, the flower of Maye. 
 
 
 6. Thefe flowers beinge culled 
 
 
 And from their branches pulled 
 
 
 They yield a fragrant fent ; 
 
 
 And I obferud their places 
 
 
 And had them in bride-Laces, 
 
 
 And to my Louc I went. 
 
 
 7. Where I perceiud her fportinge 
 
 
 With other maides refortinge, 
 
 
 Nigh by a riuer flode; 
 
 
 When fhe had well perufed 
 
 
 My pofie not refufed 
 
 
 Upon her arme Ihe tyed. 
 
 
 8. With modell kind behauior 
 
 
 She thankcs me for my fauor, 
 
 
 And weares it for my Hike; 
 
 
 And with ten thoufand kiffes 
 
 
 The refl remayne in wilhcs 
 
 
 Her Loveinge leaue Ihe takes. Finis. 
 
 
 (8010 Chetham Library, S055 Farmer's Catal.) 
 
 Page 103, St. 
 
 I, 1. I, " 0/ce of IcrufaleDi'''' or of Cappadocia, Chenopodium 
 
 
 Ambrosioides, L. — leaf supposed to resemble that of the oak ;
 
 224 Notes and llhtst^'ations. 
 
 St. 2, 1. 2, "Times iitcrea/e." So Shakespeare 'earth's increase' 
 (Tiiiipeit, act. iv, sc. i (Song) and 2 Hemy VI, act iii, sc. 2) 
 and 'womb's increase' {Coriol, act i, sc. l); 1. 5, "ihcir"= 
 there, as y;r^«<««/i?r contemporaneously ; 1. 6, ^^/wee(e/pread"= 
 fweete-fpread ; st. 3, 1. 6, " no>ninaie"=xiS.me, r.g.; st. 4, 1. 3, 
 *■' loftie (^^<2;7«_g-" = loftie-bearing; ]. 5, '' Ck}iJis-i/iorne" = 
 Spina Christi — I fomid it in enormous grovvtli near Jericho; 1. 6, 
 *■' Tatfiari/ke'" — tamaris, Fr. and Sp. : tamarisco, It. : tamariscus, 
 Latin — wood and fruit medicinal ; st. 5, 1. i, ^'' viojl chajl tree, 
 that Chajlnejfe doth betoken'' — no opportunity is 'let slip' of 
 pleasing the 'Fz>^/«-queen,' as she rejoiced to be called, by 
 such references; 1. 2, '^HoUyholme'''=2i holm holly; 1. 3, 
 " Corke" — Gerarde and Parkinson describe this tree, though it 
 was not planted in England until the latter part of the seven- 
 teenth century ; ib., " Goo/eberrie.'^ It may be noted that Dr. 
 Prior has shewn that this word is a corruption of ' Cross-berry,' 
 and so has nothing to do with the 'goose'; 1. 3 (page 104) 
 "JJiooken"=shakti\, r.g.; 1. 4, " Philbert"= filbert ; ib., 
 "Barberie" or Berberry = the pipperidge-bush — a prickly 
 shrub, bearing a long red tart 'berry'; 1. 5, "■ Majlicke'" — lentisk 
 tree — I saw it plentiful in Cyprus and Scio = gum from it. 
 Page 104, St. I, 1. I, "Indus tree" — resembles the apricot — grows in hedges of 
 Italy and Spain, but in England it was the elder of Shakespeare; 
 St. 2, 1. 1, " AJh-trte." See Ellacombe, as before, s.v.; ib., 
 ^' Maple" — a fine naturalized English tree, with odd-shaped 
 winged seeds that when I was a boy used to be called 'cocks 
 and hens'; ib., " Syeamore" — Acer pseudoplatanus, L., of 
 the maple genus; 1. 2, " Pomegranate" = i\\e kernelled apple 
 (pomum granatiim) — delicious in Palestine as I proved at 
 Shunem, &c. ; ib., "Apricockes." See Ellacombe, as before, 
 for a full note {s.v.) hereon ; ib., "Ituiipere" — 'L.tA.xw, juniper us 
 — the well known tree or shrub. It grows very large in the 
 Sinaitic peninsula; 1. 3, ^ Turpentine" — resinous clear gum 
 from the pine, juniper, &c. ; ib., " deplore'''' = weep or pour out ; 
 ib., " Peare-tree" — poire, French: pyrum. Latin — innumerable 
 varieties; ib., '■^Medlar'' — mespilum, Latin — like the laurel; 
 1. 5, "Orenge." See Ellacombe for a matterful note, s.v.; ib., 
 " lemmon"; Ibid., 1. 6, " N'utmeg" — see Gerarde, s.v., but 
 it was not introduced into England for two centuries later ; ib., 
 "Plum-tree." See Ellacombe, as before, s.v. ; st. 3, 1. i, 
 "Alirtle" — " Holy Writ, " and the classical myths have immortal- 
 ized it. See Ellacombe, as before, s.v. ; 1. 2, "gods" — misprint 
 for 'goddess'; 1. 3, "Merfin." Is this mythological story of 
 Mersin a classical one? Or is it coined by Chester? I do not 
 remember it, nor can I find it. Moreover, the ' myrtle ' was 
 
 . — i
 
 Notes and I llustrations. 225 
 
 sacred to Aphrodite or Venus (Murcia or Murtea). and not to 
 Athene or Pallas. I incline also to think it Chester's because 
 he has made rather a mess of the name, fivpaimi being a myrtle 
 branch, and fnvpros the myrtle tree" (Dr. Brinsley Nicholson, 
 to me). 1. 4, the colon (:) certainly ought to have been 
 deleted here ; st. 4, 1. 3, ^'gouermwoU" = of set nile. 
 Page 105, st. I, 1. I, "/(7;'^/fl;^fl?"= fore-passed ; 1. 5, ^'■vanquiJJier," i.e., the 
 vanquished — a probable misprint ; st. 3, 1. I, " grecne 
 ;w;/rt/«/«^ "= grcene-remainuig ; ib., ''Bay." See Ellacombe, 
 as before, for a full note, s.v. ; 11. 5-6. See note on p. 97, 
 St. 2 ; St. 5 (p. 106), I. 3, "/o /lis hearts delight" = ioi the 
 delight of his own heart. 
 
 „ loC, St. I, 1. I, " opinion" = good repute in knowledge ; 11. 5-6 = Apollo 
 as god of the sun. Cf. the preceding context ; st. 2, 1. i, " Alofe- 
 tree"— sec on 11. 5-6; 1. 4, " Ilerborifls" = "one skilled in 
 herbs" (Ash., s.v.) It occurs in its more correct form of 
 Herbrtrist in Philemon Holland's Pliny, either in this sense, or 
 as one who gathers herbs for medical jiurposes. 11. 5-6, unin- 
 telligible to the editor. It can't possibly mean that near or in 
 Niniveh or the ' Aleph ' (= first or foremost — as being the first 
 letter of the Hebrew alphabet) citie some merchant-ship trading 
 from 'Venetia' found this ' Mofe-tree ' there. The next stanza 
 only deepens the obscurity; st. 4, 1. 4, '^ Tellus glorie" — Telhis' 
 glorie ; 1. 5 (p. 107), put hyphen in '^ white silner'd'' and "■ lich 
 refembling. " 
 
 „ 107, St. 3, 1. I, " Fra7vne" — a small crustaceous fish, like a shrimp, but 
 larger; ib., " Pickereir'^yoMng-pWuQ; 1. 3, "/'/{^M"=akind 
 of sea water-fowl then called 'feathered fish' (Rider, s.v., 
 1640); ib., "Sole" — the well-known flat marine fish, of the 
 genus Plcuronectes, P. solea of Linnreus — so called probably 
 from its keeping on or near the bottom ('sole ') of the sea ; ib., 
 " Sommer /ouing"= Sommer-lou'ing; st. 4, 1. 3, "bn'»ti/ie"= 
 edge. 
 
 ,, loS, St. I. 1. I, "Pay" — a genus of cartilaginous plagiostomous fishes, 
 e.g., sting ray, spotted torpedo, thornback, skate, &c. ; ib., 
 " Sea-calfe" — the common seal, a species of phoca — phoca 
 vitulina of LinuKus ; ib., " Porpai/e" — from porco, a hcg and 
 pesce — a fish (Italian), hence called hog-fish and sea-hog — in 
 zoology cetaceous mammals of the genus Dclphinus of Linna:us ; 
 I. 3, " Sea-horfe" — the morse, a species of Trichechus or walrus, 
 the T. rosmarus; ib., "Sea-hound." Cotgrave gives, 'Hound 
 fish'=Fr., sorrat, Ash, 'name of a fish.' Rider gives, 'Hound 
 fish '= Galerus ; and under 'Galcrum,' a Dogge-fish, also a 
 Sca-Calfe. Ib., " Plaice "^iiai fish of the 'sole' species ; 1. 4, 
 '■' Spitchcoke" — was not as now, an eel broiled, &c., but 'a gicat
 
 2 26 Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 eel,' Angtiilla deaimana (Rider, and so Kersey) — possibly the 
 conger. So 'stocke-fish' was not a salted fish as now, but was used 
 as the name of the hve fish (Rider). lb., "/'//(-/i(?r"= pilchard ; 
 1. 6, 'M^r//^^"— disyllabic as ususal ; st. 2, 1. i, "■ SpitfiJJi." == 
 sea-pike. Cf. for further description Cotgrave, s.v., Spet. 
 lb., "^2^r//«^"= sparling or Sperling? 1.2, " Thornebacke" — 
 a kind of ' ray, ' as before ; 1, 3, " Tivine " — Rider has ' ' A fish 
 called a twin before it be a year old. Pelamys — and pelamys 
 is a thunny or tunny. lb., "Scallop'" — a fish in hollow and 
 pectinated shell ; 1. 4, ^^ pretie Wrincle"= a welke ; st. 3, I. I, 
 " C/^///^ "= cuttle-fish ; ib., " Stocke-JiJIi" — already named 
 sttpra (st. I, 1. 4) ; 1. 4, "Ruffe" — a small fish, a species of 
 Perca, Perch, cerniia, native of England ; ib., " Piper'''' = pipe- 
 fish — or Horn-back, or Horn or Gorn-fish — of the genus 
 Syjtgnathus, so called from the length and slenderness of its 
 body, which in its thickest part is only equal to a swan's quill ; 
 1. 5, '■'■Barbell''^ — of the genus Cyprinus, of the order of 
 Abdominals ; st. 4, 1. 5, "Jlubborne necked " = stubborne- 
 necked ; st. 5, I. 3 — remove comma (,) certainly after "vn- 
 feene:^ 
 Page 109, st, I, 1. I, 'M;//rt/^"= amethyst — seep, no, st. 2; ib., " Abejlone'' 
 =asbestos? but see infra ; I. 2, " 7i!<rc/^fj'"= turquoise ; 1. 3, 
 '''■Adamant'''' — see p. 109, st. 4 ; 1. 3, "Dioni/e''^= Dionisias — 
 Batman (xvi, 35) calls it Dionyso, a stone, black or brown, hav- 
 ing red spots. See Batman, as supra, and Isidore for more on 
 it. Ib., " Ca/6Y(/i3« " = calcedony ; 1. 4, "Elutropia" — qu. 
 heliatrope? 1. 5, "AJierites" — a gem shining within like a star, 
 mentioned by Isidoi-e ; 1. 6, " Ai-girites''^ — a silver-like gem 
 mentioned also by Isidore; 1. 4, "Berill" — seep, no, st. 5; 
 1. 5, " Sapkire" — seep. 114, st. 2-3; I. 6, " lacintk" — seep. 
 113, St. 2; St. 2, 1. I, " Siiiaragd" — see p. 114, st. 4; ib., 
 "Alablajier" — so spelled contemporaneously, and onward. So 
 too the Poet — Spenser's friend — had his name spelled; ib., 
 " Cr!t/'opi7ffe"=chryso\:)ra.se ; 1. 3, "fparkling Diamond'" — see 
 p. Ill, St. 2-3. The most exquisite thing I ever have met with 
 on the diamond was in a most unlikely place, viz., in James 
 Arbuckle's poem of " Snuff." He describes the tapered, pink- 
 nailed finger of Beauty, whereon "The diamond spills its drop 
 of light." 1. 4, " Margarite'"=^Q2cA; ib., " bright -e/d 
 Chryjlall. " This recalls .Sir John Davies' splendid description 
 of the sea, looking up with his ' great crystal eye ' to the moon ; 
 I. 5> " Ligurins "= a species of carbuncle or the lynx stone, or 
 jacinth, or amber; ib., " Onix"= onyx ; ib., " Gagates" — see 
 p. 112, St. 4 — Minsheu and Cotgrave give it = agate, but 
 Rider and Lovell as 'jcat' or agath stone, and so Pliny, xxxvi,
 
 Notes and llltistrations, 227 
 
 19 ; 1. 6, '■'Ahftjlos" — Batman gives Abeston for Asbestus, but 
 Absciso from Isidore as a precious stone, "black heavie and 
 flreakcd with redde veines," &c. ; A, " Amatites" — see p. 
 no, St. 4; ib., "Achates" — see p. iio, st. 3; st. 3, L 
 5, "Z7)^/ar/rt"= Liparium or rock alum ; 1. 6, " Enidros" ^ 
 seep. 112, St. 3. This gem, enhydros = ewSpos, is now un- 
 known. Pliny 37, II, 73; Sohn. 37, 67; st. 4, 1. i, " Ada- 
 wrt«^"= lode-stone. 
 Page no, st. i, 1. i, " //Wv " = living. Cf. " lively oracles " (Acts vii, 38), 
 "lively hope" (l Peter i, 3), "lively stones" (l Peter ii, 5); 
 St. 2, 1. I, " piirj)!e coloured" =Y>^\r^^t-co\o\xxedi ; ib., " Amatijl" 
 = amethyst — see p. 109, st. I, 1. i ; st. 4, 1. 5, " fters light" 
 = in the fire, r.g. 
 
 ,, III, St. I, I. 5, "t/i£hou/e" = lUe; st. 2-3. Cf. note p. 109, st. 2, 1. 3, 
 and note the feminine there as here ; st. 4, 1. 6, "whereas"— 
 whereat. 
 
 „ 112, St. I, 1. I, " A chiles" — qu.= cf. description p. 112, st. i, 1. i, and 
 p. no, St. 3, 1. I. Minsheu gives as = Gagates; but Lovell, 
 making Gagates or Agath one of the sulphurs = a black stony 
 earth full of bitumen, gives Achates among the stones or jewels 
 most precious, as like the jasper. Doubtless Chester meant 
 the 'agate.' 1. 6, "r^" = ease from pain; st. 2, 1. 4, " h:f 
 humours is rehafing" — sic, and so another example of verb 
 singular following a nominative plural ; 1. 6, " forfake his 
 meate"= lose his appetite; st. 3, 1. i, " £nidros "— see p. 
 IC9, St. 3, 1. 6; after St. 3, " Perpetui," &c., from Marbod^i 
 Carmen de Gen. §47: Franzias, Lips. 1 791 — Chester shghtly 
 different ; st. 4, 1. i, "Gagates" — see p. 109, st, 2, 1. 5; 1. 2, 
 " 7uhereas" == whereat, as before; st. 5 (p. 113), 1. 3, "fome 
 men neuer thinl'e"= will not believe. 
 
 ,, 113, St. I, 1. I, " lacinth." Cf. Batman upon Barthol., B xvi, c. 57. 
 Our Poet has drawn on one or other; 1. 3, " cle" — the origi. 
 nal's misprint for 'clere' or 'cleare' through length of the line; 
 1. 6, "the VI " — not misprint for ' them ' but for ' to the m[inde]' 
 
 — as revealed by the rhyme and scansion ; st. 4, 1. i, "Meade 
 Jlone " — see Batman upon Barthol. B xvi, c 67 Medo — whence 
 
 this is fetched ; 1. 4, "Mingled" &c., i.e., mingled with the 
 milk of a woman having a male infant (not a female one). 
 ,, 114, St. I, 1. I, " Orites" — see Batman, as before, B. xvi, c. 74; st. 2, 
 1. I, "Skie colour d" = 'S>V\e-CQ\QVixC\.', ib., " Saphire" — see. 
 Batman, as before, B xvi, 087; 1. 2, "w^/;;^" = judicial, 
 well-judging ; st. 3, 11. 5-6. Whence this ' consecration ' of the 
 sapphire to Apollo ? Batman, Ixvi, c. 87, gives the story of the 
 spider and says he has oft seen it proved. St. 4, 1. i, read 
 
 — ' fresh-greene-colour'd ' or * fresh grene-colour'd ' ; ib., 
 " S maraud" — see Batman, as before, B. xvi, c 88.
 
 2 2 8 Notes a7id Ilhistrations. 
 
 Page IK, St, I, 1. I, "valiant Ccesar" viz., Nero; 1. 2, t^apovs, sic, but = 
 'S.jxapay^os, doubtless written contractedly by Chester 2,/j.apay(Ts, 
 r.g. See Batman, xvi. 88, from Isidore; 1. 4, ^' "wards" = 
 acts of guard or guarding, fences; st. 2, 1. 5, ^' keepes^' — 
 disyllabic; st. 3, 1. I, '^Twxhes" =i\u(\ViO\s. Mentioned in 
 Batman, but no virtues given it nor in Pliny. I gathered a 
 handful myself in the ancient turquois mines of the Sinaitic 
 peninsula. 
 „ 116, St. I, 1. 3, "Bugle"='E\xg\\\ or Buffell, Latin, Bubalus, i.e., the 
 buffalo; 1. 4, " Oiiocentaure" — a mythical animal compounded 
 of ass {ovos) and man, as the hippocentaur was of horse and 
 man. Even Batman has his doubts of its existence ; I. 5, 
 " Dromidary" i.e., standing for itself and the 'camel'; but 
 see St. 3 ; 1. 6, '■'■ B ore'' =ho7i.r, see p. 115, st. I ; ib. '■'■Dragon'' 
 = mythical serpent; St. 2, 1. I, "Jlrong w^ciV" = ftrong- 
 neck'd; I. 4, " Goatbucke"=h.Q-gO's.'i'>. Batman speaks of the 
 he-goat as 'goat-bucke' (B xviij, c. 89) ; but in his index gives 
 'of the goat bucke ' c. loi, where he treats of the hircocervus 
 or tragelephus, but never calls it goat-bucke, contraiiwise in 
 explaining tragelephus calls tragos a goat-bucke. From p. 119 
 (st. 1, 1. i) it is quite clear that Chester intended the he-goat ; 
 1. 5, " Cajneleoapard"-—3. fabulous Ethiopian beast, not the 
 animal now so named ; 1. 6, "Deare"= deer ; st. 3, 11. 3-4 — 
 a common and classical belief {e.g., yuvenal, xii, 3, 4) — he 
 knowing himself to be hunted for them as being greatly 
 esteemed in various diseases. It was similarly said of the 
 ' hunted ' elephant that he clashed and broke his tusks, knowing 
 that was why he vi^as hunted (Batman, xviij, 44); Richard 
 Barnfield (Poems, p. 28, st. xliii — my edition for the Rox- 
 burghe Club), and Plump. Gifford (/'(SJzV (1580) — my edition) 
 have the same myth; 11. 5-6, " Stellio, Camelion, Vnicorne." 
 Either Chester has borrowed from Batman (or Bartholomew 
 Glantville from whom he translated) or both have taken from 
 a common source. Batman mentions under ' camelion ' the 
 •stellio, a lizard ' said by some to be one with the 'camelion.' 
 Philemon Holland's Pliny, calls it the star-lizard stellion, and 
 Holyoke's Rider, gives ' stellio ' a beast like a lizzard having 
 spots on his neck, like stars. "Vnicorne," Sec. Sir Thomas 
 Browne, s.v., will interest and amuse with his quaint lore and 
 as quaint credulity and incredulity (Works by Wilkin, 4 vols., 
 8vo., 1835.) The old Preachers abound in illustrations fetched 
 from the 'unicorn' whereby to exalt our Lord ; st. 4, "Bcare.'* 
 See Batman, B. xviii, c. 112, where he quotes Avicenna for this. 
 The virtue of bear's grease dates from Batman's days (1582) at 
 least.
 
 Notes and Illiisii^atiotis 22() 
 
 Page 117, Latin line — from Isidore; /id. xii, cap, ii, but 'Sic' for 'Hie,' and 
 'cum' for 'quern'; st. I, " Bore" = hoar ; 1. 2, " T/ty7ies"= 
 tusks — still in use for tlie tusks of boar and elephant, and in 
 the nursery for infant's teeth — see also p. 1 18, st. 3, 1. i ; 1. 5, 
 " A/tifioram and Organie"= mzr]ora.n\ and penny-royal — see 
 Ellacombe, as before; st. 2, "Bugle" — seep. 116, st. i, 1. 3, 
 and relative note; 1. 6, "thy'" — j-«V = they ; st. 3, " Camell," 
 St. 3-4. No one who has travelled on camel-back across a 
 desert will refuse praise to the camel's long patience and liquid 
 cver-onward-looking eye. Times over I have seen the camel go 
 without water for more than the 'four days' here named. 
 He has faults of temper and otherwise, and it is a kind of 
 martyrdom to use him at all for one's self; yet with every 
 deduction he is an admirable and extraordinary creature ; 
 St. 5, 1. I, " Dragon,^^ &c. The mythical 'dragon' was 
 supposed to love the elephant's blood (Batman); (p. 118); 
 11. 5-6 — the slayer is timely slain, says Batman. 
 
 J, 118, St. I, 1. I, " btmch-backt" — hunch-backed, or with protuberance; 
 St. 2, " Dogge" — Baroness Coutts has raised a monument 
 (combining a 'fountain') to a little Scotch terrier that broke its 
 heart over its dead master, scraping its way down to the coffin- 
 lid and there dying. It is one of the sights of Edinburgh ; st. 
 3, 1. 6, "fau'd his life"^ his life sav'd ; st. 4, 1. i, "fcene"= 
 skilled, knowing. 
 119, St. I, 1. I, " Gote-bucke'''' =ht-goa\., as before; st. 2, 1. r, " qiiicke" 
 = lively ; 1. 3, " i7iconiinent" = instanily ; 1. 6, "by kind" = 
 of his nature; 1. 4, " Ligarius" — rather Ligurius. See Batman, 
 as before, B xvi, 60 and B xviii, c. 69, and Pliny Lyncurium viii, 
 38. Cf. p. III. 
 
 ,, IC3, St. 4, 1. I, " Onocentaiir." See relative note, p. 116, st. i, 1. 4 
 St. 5, 1. I, "Siellio.'" See ib., p. 1 16, st. 3, 11. 5-6. 
 
 „ i?.i, St. I, 11. 5-6 — the 'He' being Ireland, as before; read 1. 6, with 
 hyphen, 'fweete-fmelling'; st. 2, 1. 2, " mooj-iJJi plot" = owq ot 
 the bogs for which Ireland was and is celebrated, and in which 
 still, spite of St. Patrick, frogs if not serpents are found. Be 
 it noted this held only of "a little comer" (1. i); 1. 6, 
 "poi/onoits ayre^—two disyllables ; st. 3, 1. 2, "Riiiati-ix." 
 See page 123, st. 3 ; 1. 3, ib., "A/pis." See page 122, st. i, 
 
 „ 122, St. I, 1. 3, "«w7Y"=ne'er; St. 2, " This is," Sic. Chester would 
 later read his friend Shakespeare's great celebration of it ; 
 St. 3, "Z/3rt;-fl"'= anytliing prettier or more amusing than the 
 swift-darting lizards ol the desert (of Sinai) can scarcely be 
 imngined. Their agility is very remarkable. Closely examined 
 their jewel-like colouring is exquisite. In the loneliness of 
 some of the Wadys it was a kind of living companionship
 
 230 Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 to have these interesthig little creatures beside one. Some were 
 very very large and hideous — as large as a good-sized kitten ; 
 St. 4, 1. I, " Atit or Emote is a labouring thing.'"' Sir John 
 Lubbock imagines that he has disproved the ' wisdom ' of the 
 * ant ' by his sets of experiments and by observations. A greater 
 delusion I can scarcely conceive. Why, the very dis-regard of 
 the 'ants' for the near roads provided and the humanly-con- 
 trived plans for ingress and egress, and removal of difficulties, 
 goes to confirm the little creature's quick ' wisdom.' If it could 
 speak, it might retort on the great-eyed human monster stooping 
 over and ' planning ' for it, and say, ' I will take my own way — 
 I will manage for myself — I don't know what of evil may be 
 under all these nice arrangements.' Personally I have made 
 scores of observations on the ' ant ' both at home and in foreign 
 countries, especially in the East ; and all confirm its ' wisdom ' — 
 as in the text ; 1. 2, '■^ publike rveale" i.e., commonweath ; st. 5, 
 J- 5 (P- 123) 'V//////"=living a common ordered and subordinate 
 life, like ants and men. 
 Page 123, St. 4, 1. 5, " cald of fome the flattering -wornie'" Batman (B xviij, c. 
 98) says, "This maner fcorpion commeth of Scorte that is 
 fweet, and of pogo, is, that is to feine ; for before [stinging] he 
 feineth pleafaunce. " 
 ,, 124, St. 2, 1. 4, " Oliues "= ol-i-ues — a trisyllable to rhyme with ' trees ' — 
 note 'some' verb singular (11. 2-4), and in 1. 7 with verb plural; 
 St. 4, 1. I, " Caddes" = cadesse, i.e., jackdaw (Wright, s.v.) — 
 from its place among birds cannot be the caddes, or caddis, or 
 cadworme (Ash, Kersey, and Bailey) ; st. 5, 1. 3, put hyphen 
 thus, " big-neck' d"; 1, 5 (p. 125) ''Griffon'' = mythical bird ; 
 1. 6, " Piittocke" = greale, i.e., kite. 
 i"S> St. I, 1. 4, " Hetrin " — " Hircania is a province in Afla . , , . it is 
 fliarpe of woodes .... There breedeth birdes that are called 
 Hircanie ; their feathers shine by night, and such birdes are 
 founde in Germany, as Isidore sayeth" (Batman, B xv, c. 74). 
 I presume = the Hercinian forest, Germany ; ib., put hyphen, 
 *'/iui/t-winged" ; 1. 5, " Cahidrius." See next stanza — Bat- 
 man (B xii, c. 22) speaks of Kaladrias in the same terms, and 
 says it "hath no parte of blacknefle." If the man is to die he 
 turns his face from him. His only authority is "as the Philo- 
 sopher faith"; st. 2, 1. 2, "■piv/peritie" — qu. propertie or 
 propensitie? line is unscannable ; st. 3, "Crane" — curious 
 old-fashioned lore, found everywhere. 
 „ 126, St. I, 1. I, " The Winters enuious blajl flw ne/ier tafleth.'" Michael 
 Bruce in that Ode to the Cuckoo, which John Logar. so 
 treacherously sought to rob him of, has very daintily put this : — 
 
 " Sweet bird ! thy bow'r is ever green, 
 Tliy sky is ever titar ;
 
 ^ 
 
 Notes ajid Illustrations. 
 
 231 
 
 Thou hast no sorrow in thy song, 
 No winter in thy year." 
 
 (my edition, p. 124, 1865). 
 
 1. 4, " for to" — so also St. 5, 1. 2 — rare in Shakespeare. 
 Page 126, St. 2, 1. 3, "Cr^" = ill-fate or luck; st. 4, I. 4, '' ruime" = 
 
 ranne, r.g. 
 ,, 127, St. I, 1. I, *^ Griffon" — fabulous bird, as before; st. 2, 1. 2, 
 
 " Hircinie" — see on p. 125, st. i, 1. 4. 
 ,, 12S, st. 1, 1. I, '^ Memftodides" — the original's misprint for ' Memnonides'; 
 
 St. 2, 1. 3, ^^ Hunts-vp." Mr. J. Payne Collier has printed a 
 
 curious song, from which it appears that ' hunts vp ' was known 
 
 as early as 28 Henry VIII. Cf. Barnfield in his " Affectionate 
 
 Shepheard" : 
 
 " And euery Mome by dawning of the day, 
 AYhen Phcclms riseth with a blushing face, 
 Siluanus Chappel-Clarks shall chaunt a Lay, 
 And play thee hunts-up in thy resting. place." 
 
 (My edition of his complete Poems for the 
 Roxburghe Club, p. 12, st xix. ) 
 
 1. 3, ^^ doth delight her,''^ i.e., his mate — for it is the male which 
 alone sings. This Chester knew and so likens the male-bird to 
 a ' Bridegroome ' (1. 5); 11. 5-6 — unskilful verse; but the 
 meaning is that Greeks and Romans trained the ' nightingale ' ; 
 St. 4, 1. 2, " Stejichorus^'' = the Greek poet of Himera in Sicily. 
 For the fable see Christod. Ecphr. ap. Jacobs, Atith. Gmc. i, 
 p. 42 : Pliny, H. N., x, 29 ; II. 5-6, the well-known legend ; 
 St. 5, 1. I, ^^dajlard Owle" — much too strong a word for this 
 timid but not at all ' cowardly ' bird. 
 
 ,, 129. Latin couplet — from Ovid, Met. v, 549, 550. 1. 7, " Jliigsijli'' — 
 because he ' sleeps ' all day, possibly ; st. 2, 1. i , " ill bedoom- 
 ing'"= ill-bedooming, i.e., adjudging or pre-judging ill or evil; 
 Cf. 3 Henry VI, v, 6, " cried, aboding luckless time " ; st. 3, 
 1. 5, " They haue betie kncwn to glue great Emperors ivine'"'' — 
 some now forgotten anecdote of trained parrots ; st. 4, II. 5- 
 6. The old Puritans are never weary of pointing 'a moral' 
 from the 'base blacke Feete' of the peacock, swan, &c., &c., 
 in contrast with their plumage ; and so too the elder Poets ; 
 St. 5 (p. 130), 1. 4, " In Indie /pies a Peacocke" &c., one of the 
 many myths about this bird. 
 
 ,, 130, St. I, " The Pdlican " — this myth is met with in all the Fathers, &c. 
 The pressure of the huge bill on its crop or pouch wherein is 
 store of food, doubtless originated it. This mention of the 
 •Pellican' calls for special note of the curious and remarkable 
 turn given to the fable, in that the * Turtle dove ' dies first, and
 
 232 Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 then the Phoenix. Also, be it observed, that the ' Turtle dove ' 
 — "chearfully did die," &c., while the Phcenix "with a pale 
 heavy countenance grieved for to see him first possesse the 
 place. " Only as of Essex and Elizabeth is this appropriate or 
 explicable. I take the opportunity here to supplement pre- 
 ceding notes on the same lines as all this. 'Applied' (p. 9) 
 appears to mean that ' The Complaint of Rosalin ' is put into 
 the mouth of Dame Nature ; for Dame Nature's Complaint is a 
 complaint in behalf of Rosalin or the Phtenix, or in other words 
 Rosalin's own 'Complaint.' Again, at p. 21, the explanation 
 is that like Raleigh he had spoken l^efore of Elizabeth as ' the 
 silver-coloured dove' as he calls her in st. 4 (and in 5, 6, 7). 
 But as he is now speaking of her as the ' Phcenix ' in his 
 'Love's Martyr,' he applies it (really to the same person) to 
 her as to the ' Phoenix '. This is surely reduplicated proof that 
 the ' silver-coloured Dove ' ( = sacred, holy) and the ' Phoenix ' 
 are one, and that both are Elizabeth. Note finally here, that 
 in the 'Prayer' she is 'the' and 'thy' silver-coloured dove, 
 but in the title 'a,' because he would avoid the very obvious 
 absurdity that she was both the silver-coloured dove and the 
 phoenix. She could be the ' Phoenix ' and ' a ' silver-coloured 
 dove, i.e., the 'Phoenix' with the properties of such a dove, 
 though not the bird the dove itself; st. 2, " vn/atiate Sparroio.^* 
 Dean Donne has quaintly celebrated the ' vnfatiate ' amorous- 
 ness of this bird in his Metempsychosis ; I. 4, " aniniaditertioii " 
 = perception. In this sense Glanville also uses it, and, spite 
 of the Dictionary-makers, it is correct; 11. 5-6, "■ A flight of 
 Span-owes," — the old myth and superstition ; st. 3, 1. i, read 
 rather, 'The artificiall-nest-composing' ; 1. 6, " His" — caught 
 doubtless from previous line, should be 'He'; ib., ^^ Cake- 
 donies" — is this a mistake of a gem for a flower ('herb')? 
 St. 4, 1. I, " Cecifma" = Csecina ; //'., " Volateran"= Crecina 
 of Volaterras — Etruscan remains still extant preserve this once 
 great family-name. Qu. — Has Chester confounded Ceecina 
 and L. Cinna? 1. 3, "Sent iettep-s," &c. Carrier-pigeons 
 have been long so used and still are {e.g. , in the recent Germano- 
 Franco war), but it is doubtful if the ' swallow ' ever has been 
 similarly trained). 
 Page 131, St. I, 1. I, "/zaeete recording" = sweete-recording, i.e, sweet -singing. 
 Cf. Two Gent, of Ver., act v, so. 3. One is utterly at a loss to 
 account for the everywhere-found notion of the swan's 'sing- 
 ing,' especially on the approach of death. As for the 'footed 
 verse,' 1. 3, it is of course mere credulity. Latin couplet — from 
 Isidore, Hisp. Episcop. Origines, lib. xii, cap. vii, in Gotho- 
 fredi Auctores Linguce Latinie 1622, who quUes it from an old
 
 Notes and lUtisirations. 233 
 
 Poet QEmilius. Chester inadvertently prints 'Hoc' for * Hanc' 
 and 'undis' for 'undas.' st. 2, 1. 5, " mowt"— moult; 1. 6, 
 put hyphen, " haii-pining" ; st. 3, 1. I, " the care/itll [ = fuU- 
 of-care] bird the Turtle Done" be it noted, is designated by 
 'Phoenix' in preceding stanza " droo/>ing/oule," and again in 
 St. 4, 1. 5, ; 11. 3-4, ^'' And thus he luanders J'eeking of his loiu.''' 
 This gees right to the mark for Essex. 
 Page 132, st. I, 1. I, " lookes tite i>i the face." Another touch in Elizabeth for 
 Essex; 1. 4, " gale'" ~ ga\i ; 1. 4, ^' he eyes vs more afid more" 
 — as in 1. I ; 1. 5, ^^ O fliall I welcome him." The oft-put 
 question of the woman against the queen and of the queen 
 against the woman in Essex's case. The context has no sense 
 unless you bring to it the story of Elizabeth's love-passion — 
 the passion, if not the love in its deepest and tenderest sense — 
 for Essex, from her first sight of him in his young bloom on- 
 ward ; St. 3, 1.4, ''halfe pirCd" = \\:A{q--^\\\\\; st. 4 — The 
 placing of ' Turtle ' in the margin seems at fust a mistake ; but 
 the ' Turtle' is addressing itself {i.e., himself) in gazing on the 
 'eye-dazling Sunne' of the 'Phoenix's' 'excelling beauty.' 
 This was the mode, to the last, of speaking of and to Elizabeth. 
 See our Introduction for quotation from Coke. With all her 
 brain-force, Elizabeth had not courage to refuse the idle 
 flattery of her 'beauty,' or to recognise that she really was 
 growing old and haggard. I know not that the following 
 veiy striking bit in Nichols Progresses of Queen Elizabeth, from 
 an Harleian MS. (contemporary) 6207, has been noticed — 
 "Afterward, in the melancholy of her sickness, she desired to 
 see a true looking glass, which in twenty years she had not sene, 
 but of such a one as was made of purpose to deceiue her sight : 
 which glasse being brought her, she fell presently into exclaym- 
 ing against [those] which had so much commended her ; and 
 took it so offensively, that some which before had flattered her, 
 dourst not come into her sight " (vol ii, pp. 25-30 — end of the 
 volume). Surely anything more tragical than the italicized 
 words is inconceivable ; 1. 5, ";v7;7(f/j'"= rarity. Cf former 
 note on this ; 1. 6, ^^ For wit," &c., the bird is forgotten and 
 the queen-woman remembered. 
 „ 133, St. I, 1. I, " Tiir." seems wrongly placed here, being intended for 
 the left margin in the words ' Haile map of forrow ' (see p. 124, 
 st, I, 11. 5-6); whilst 'Phoenix' in the right margin begins 
 'Welcome,' &c. st. 2, 1. 4, "■ prefirtplions foule offence." 
 Essex, on his departure for Portugaland elsewhere later, was 
 again and again brought to his knees for his ' presumption ' and 
 kindred impulsive faults, as facts and letters superabundantly 
 prove. See Uevercux' Lives, &c. Meanwhile it is all-important 
 
 X
 
 234 Notes and Ilhtstrations. 
 
 to note that the ' wooing ' is dated by circumstances in Essex's 
 early time — not later when he had married and when Elizabeth 
 was old ; st. 3,1. I, " 7><;-/'/d' " = mate ; 1. 2, ^'hertijant"== 
 her loss; 1. 3, ^^the/oiile that's Jlc J," &c. How natural all 
 this was in the mouth of Essex on the death of his noble young 
 brother who fell so miserably at Rouen. See Devereux, as 
 before, st. 4, 1. 3, "for to," as before, common contempo- 
 raneously, rare in Shakespeare: see p. 132, I. 4 : p. 133, 
 1. 12 ; St. 4, 1. 4, ^^rdiiance" = lift up 'our fiery altar.' So 
 Shakespeare, "the fringed curtains of thine eye advance" 
 (^Tempest, act i, sc. 2); 1. 6, " Solameii," &c. The origin of 
 this has long been sought for in vain. It is in most collections 
 cf Common-places ; and was enquired about in Notes and 
 Queries, iv, x, but not traced back to its source ; st. 5, Elizabeth 
 actually thus comforted Essex for his brother when he ' came 
 over' at the queen's imperious summons. See Devereux, as 
 before. 
 Pnge 134, St. 2, punctuate 1. 4 with semi-colon or period after 'labour,' and 
 again, period after 'paine'; but except in misleading cases I 
 shall not note the singular punctuation of the original. My part 
 is to reproduce it. St. 3, punctuate period or semi-colon after 
 'leave' (1. l); 1. 6, "ytf;/^/"= foolish, a.?, frequenter. 
 
 ,, 135, St. I, 1. 4, " emperizing^'' — verb-form, as before; st. 3, 1. i, "flialt 
 not be no more " — a double negative for emphasis ; st. 3, 
 Elizabeth's autograph letters fully warrant more than this ; 
 St. 4, 1.2, " thyferuant " — Essex's constant asseveration in his 
 letters to Elizabeth ; st. 5, Historically, it is a common-place 
 that Elizabeth exercised a mother's watchfulness over Essex. 
 
 „ 136, St. I, 1. 4, "fprigkt inearnate" =lm'()\\T:\ty (as in preceding stanza); 
 1. 5, "whight''''= white; St. 2, 1. 6, put hyphen, ' earth-parching.' 
 St. 3, 1. I, "fl?i7^;«^"= sentence or judgment ; 1. 5, 'luorke' — 
 the sugar-cane perchance meant ; 1. 6, "Su'eete Juniper" — not 
 the happiest adjective apphed to 'luniper'; ib., "J7iaw" = sb.ew, 
 St. 4, 1. 3, ^^ nominate" = name, as before; 1. 4, '^wot" = 
 wit or know. 
 
 ,, 137, St. 3, 1. 4, "//V/t'/)/"= living; st. 4, 1. 4, "fecrecly" — should bv, 
 'secretly.' 
 
 ,, 138, st. 4, 1. 2, "Dido Jitones" — see 'To the Reader.' This reminds me 
 to note on 1. 4 of ' To the Reader ' that Lucan was probably 
 in Chester's mind on ' Ccesars victories. ' 
 
 ,, 139, St. I, 1. 4, put hyphen, " faire-fac'd" ', st. 3, 1. 6, "truefioty." On 
 all this symbolism veiling a real martyrdom, and so fulfilling 
 the title, Love's Martyr — see our Introduction. Pellicanx 
 1. 5, "//f" — note a man throughout. 
 
 ,, 140, 1. 6 (from bottom), put hyphen, " loue-wandring."
 
 A^oL's and lihtslratiojis. 235 
 
 Ta^e 141, 1. 7, '■'foud''= foolish; 11. 15-16, ccc, i.e., suggesting how Elizabeth 
 sacrificed her ' true desire ' to State-craft or expediency. 
 Condufion. 1. I, put hyphen, " inie-iiieaiiiiig" ; 1. 9, "paine^^=: 
 painstaking. 
 „ 142, Cantoes Alphabet-wife, &=€., 1. 2, the second 'will' no doubt a 
 printer's mistake; 1. 4, put comma after 'fauvour'; 1. 6, put 
 hyphen, "lame-leg'd'' ; 11. 9-18. See Introduction on these 
 suggestive lines. James I. is evidently intended. He was the 
 friend of all Essex's friends, 
 
 *^j* In the ' Cantoes Alphabet-wife ' that follow, we must 
 not look for ordinary construction or much sense. 
 The self-imposed fetters hinder both. 
 
 ,, 143, St. I, 1. 7, "dairs not p;iHe to any.'''' There lay the secret. It recurs 
 and recurs. In 1. 6, 'Blotted by things vnfeene'= secretly 
 spoken of by some of no fame. Most clearly Elizabeth here 
 again. St. 2, 1. i, " C//rt/?«t#^"= virginity ; ib., "the bed oj 
 C/or/V "= thoughts of the 'Queen' marrying a subject; st. 4, 
 1. I, ^' Emde is baniflit." See Introduction on the 'Enuie' 
 that beset Essex as recognized by other poets as well as Chester; 
 \. 4, '• thing^s'''= thing is. 
 
 ,, 144, St. I, 1. 3 — verb singular to plural nominative; 1. 7, "Fetc/it 
 from the ancient records of a Qneene." Queiy — marrying a 
 subject? St. 2, 1. 5, "7nap of beauty"— Cf. p. 77, st. 4, 1. 2, 
 and relative note ; st. 4, reflection of Elizabeth's would and 
 would not. 
 
 ,, 145, St. I, 1. 3, read 'greene-spred' ; 1. 5, " av/;^« "= whence ; 1. 7, 
 " dorter" = Aoxionv, i.e., sleeping-place — here bed-room — 
 audacious enough certcs ; but Essex knew to whom he was 
 speaking, and Chester knew both. St. 2, 1. I, " Aduotrix'" == 
 advocate (feminine); st. 3, 1. i, "nice Chaflity" =\'\rgm'\iy, as 
 before; 1. 5, " tiine is oiier fpent" — a perilous reminder to 
 Elizabeth; L 6, "a kind of feare" — admirable selection of 
 . words, revealing yet concealing; st. 4, 1. i, put hyphen, 
 '■'frefJi-bloo7n''d" ; 1. 2, "i?^^" — fitting symbol of England's 
 Queen ( ' Rosalin ' ) in this faint anticipation of Ilerrick's 
 delicious ' Gather the rosebuds while ye may.' 
 
 ,, 146, St. I, 1. 7, read, 'all-disgrace'; st. 3, 1. 3, ''Qnit"= requite or quite; 
 St. 4, 1. 2, "I^act"= racked or rakt. 
 
 ,, 147, St. 2, 1. 2, "ivomanifi" — not a mere Thcenix' bird; 1. 7, put 
 hyphen, "nezvfram'd"; st. 4, 1. 4 (p. 148), "va/e"=veil 
 
 ,, 148, St. I, 1. I, " Xantha"= Xanthe, one of the daughters of Occanus ; 
 1. 3, 'more-milder' — double comparative; 1. 5, "dtfeafe"= 
 disturb, make ill-at-ease ; st. 2, 1. 4, "fe/fe-7ai//"— again the 
 mark is hit. Read with hyphens, ' selfe-will-anguish. '
 
 236 Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 Caniocs Verbally writlen. 
 
 %* The headings of these stanzas seem to be posies out of 
 rings. Cf. As You Like It, act iii, sc. 2. Be it kept 
 in mind that Chester is not speaking in his own per- 
 son, but is interpreting the 'truth of love' between 
 Ehzabeth and Essex. 
 
 Page 149. I. I. 4, "Dies" — used as causal; 1. 6, " ztoe'" = woo ; 2. 1. 5> 
 punctuate ';' for comma ; 3. I. 3, " conlaining"= contdLiatA. 
 
 ,, 150. 4. St. 2, 1. 2, put hyphen, " irue-/wome"; 1.6, "Not in thy flowring 
 youth'''' — repeat 'do not smother' (in thought), and read [do] 
 Not in thy flowring youth [smother] — else you turn a compli- 
 ment into a jeer; 5. 1. i (motto) 'u,' misprint for 'n'; 1. 8, 
 "A ww;/i?" — to be read as 'knowen.' 
 
 „ 151. 5. 1. 4, "/■/■////"= fill full r.^.; 6. motto, " idolatrize'" — verb-form, 
 freqiicnte) in Chester; 1. 3, put hyphen, " Heart-comfortable' 
 ^qu. comfortable? 1. 7, "/«^'/'^^^''"= surfeit ; 7. st. 2, I. 3, 
 " ;-rt;7V//^'"= i^arity, as before. 
 
 ,, 152. 8. 1. r, "/FA'7/"= whatever, and put hyphen, " thunder-Jtormes"', 
 ]. 4, "/«fj[:wtf/V^"= unchangeable; 1. 6, 'dayes,' disyllabic un- 
 less 'the ' have been omitted, at [the] or [at] midnight; 9. 1. 6, 
 put hyphen, " tnie-fivortte," as before; st. 2, 1. 5, " 0/ holy 
 loue, Loue^s Temple to afpire" ^= ihe Church and marriage 
 therein; st. 3, 1. 4, delete comma after 'desire.' 
 
 ,, 153. Motto. This third repetition of this couplet shews skilful flatteiy of 
 the kind that most pleased Elizabeth; 1 1. 2, punctuate '; ' after 
 will; 1. 7, "cA-«rtjrj-"= denials. 
 
 ,, 154. Motto, 1. 2, " t-;;///;-/;/^ "= over-queenly, stately — see st. 2, 1. 3; 
 1. 4, read ' happie-bleft '; 1. 9 — metre faulty — some word left 
 out. 
 
 ,, 155. 14. 1. 2, "di/gra/me''^=6.{sgx2iQ.mg; 1. 4, "our'''' — misprint for 'or'; 
 15. 1. I, "/(7r"= through ; 1. 5, punctuate ';' after 'pride.' 
 
 ,, 156. 18. 1. 4, put hyphen, " tiight-waking"; 1. 5, read "Hart-fore" ', 
 19. 1. I, " O tongiif," &c., viz., by talking of her 'bright brow 
 wrincklcd \v'\i\\ disdaine' — the wrinkles, not the 'disdaine,' be- 
 ing the ground of offence; 1. 8 — qu. ' Dear [I give] that to thee 
 [to whom] I offered wrong.' 
 
 ,, 157. 21. 1. 6, "//i^"=thee; 22. 1. 3, " aduotrix" — see p. 145, st. 2, I. I; 
 23. 11. 5-6 — certainly at most a comma for ' ; ' in 1. 5, or, 
 'hower I may,' &c. 
 
 ,, 15S. 25. 1. 2, "/d'^^-7OT7/"= self-will or foolishnesse sprung of self-will — • 
 a constant word between Elizabeth and Essex in their Letters ; 
 26. 1. 3, put hyphen, " haniejl-lahores''^ ; 1. 4, put ';' after 
 'feene,' and delete comma in next line; 1. 6, "Should I be 
 •wclcoTne ere thy beautie fade''^ — another perilous reminder, but 
 just the bold kind of speech fitting from Essex to Elizabeth — as 
 witness their letters. See Devereux, as before.
 
 Notes and Illustrations. 
 
 ^37 
 
 Page 159. 27. Motto, and 1. 8, "A'fl;'"= near ; 28. 1. 5, " Caufe" = [Thon. 
 are] cause, and ';' for comma and comma after 'best,' 1. 6; 
 29. St. 2, 1. I, "4/^'^ww"— qu. ' Affection '— cf. 1. 2, 'her'; 
 1. 3, "Jb/t/c- doucfa^e"— slavery of 'selfe-will.' 
 
 ,, 160. 29. 1. I — put (.) after 'courtefie' — required by change of person in 
 next line ('Thou'); 31. 1. 6, put hyphen, "■dwelling-place." 
 
 „ 161. 32. 1. 6, "A^/^^/?j ^m/ "= of tears; 1. 7, "My diitie yet renumbred" — 
 Essex's ever-recurring phrase in letters to Elizabeth ; 34. This 
 should have been numbered ' 33 ' in order, it will be noticed. 
 From this the numbering ceases without explanation. 1. 3, 
 '■'■Not one" = No one; I. 4, punctuate ';' after cruelty; 
 Thoughts, Sec, 1. 2, "fauiing"— fanning — but with a double 
 sense; 1. 3 (p. 162), "/of id "={oo\ish, as before; 1. 4, "further" 
 = cast further or off. 
 
 „ 162, St. I, 1. 4, " Selfe-wilV — the thing in Elizabeth that needed over- 
 coming; 11. 6-7 suggestive of Essex's conciousness of his royal 
 Mistress's favour (to say the least); 1. 6, " tels" — qu. 'tel'? 
 St. 3 — the very things wherein Elizabeth was pre-eminently 
 praised, and the veiy strain followed by all who essayed to re- 
 count her virtues and greatness. 
 
 ,, 163, 1. I, " curelejfe fmm-t" — so Shakespeare, 'cureless ruin' {Merchant 
 of Venice, act iv, sc. i); st. i — a reflection again of Elizabeth's 
 capricious favour and as capricious angers and withdrawals; 
 St. 2,1. 3, " nominate" = r\z.VL\e, as before, qu. — punctuate ';'? 
 St. 3, 1. 2, put hyphen, " fJiarpe-conceited" ; ib., "«fr^"=e'er 
 — double negative otherwise; 1. 4, "ignoble" — courage of the 
 author: specially noiQ " iinperiall o-ozvne" — again no sense unless 
 to Elizabeth or of Elizabeth ; st. 4, Motto. Essex's letters to 
 Elizabeth are full of the word and thing 'friendship.' See 
 Devereux, as before. 1. 2, " Ebone" = ebony or black? 
 
 ,, 164, 1. 2, ";-<fm/" = salute; st. 3, 1. 5, "/"=aye; 1. 6, read "true- 
 app rotted." 
 
 ,, 165, St. I, 1. I, "Scene in all learned arts is my beloiied" — true as simple 
 matter-of-fact of Elizabeth, who was of rare and unquestionable 
 accomplishments as well as of natural intellectual capacity after 
 the type of her prodigious father, 'King Hal.' ' Scene ' = 
 skilled, as in Taming oj the Shrew, "It's a schoolmaster well 
 seen in music" (act i, sc. ii) ; 1. 4, " Eye for eye" — the first 
 * Eye ' so spelt on account of the marginal ' eie,' is really the old 
 «I'=yea, i.e., she not only moves the stony savage, but her 
 eye indeed tempts chastity itself ; 11. $-6 — this is a very fre- 
 quent contemporaiy tribute to Elizabeth. 1 have been surprized 
 at the universality of belief in her poetical gifts : and I have a 
 suspicion that much of her verse has perished ; st. 2, 1. i, 
 "fecke" — used as sometimes in that age without an objective
 
 >38 Notes and Illustrations 
 
 = try to find and does not — queiy semicolon ( ;) after ' seeke ' 
 and colon (:) after 'thee'; st. 3, 1. 4, "rtwfls/w^ "= confused 
 wonderment, as elsewhere; ib., punctuate comma (, ) after 
 'not' and nothing after 'amazhig,' or at most a comma (,); 
 
 I. 5, " 7i^" — infinitive form used as in that age. We should 
 write * Do or [continue] to ' ; st. 4, motto — reflection of Essex's 
 suspense and mingled hope and despair, expectation and wea- 
 riness, as expressed in his poems and letters to Elizabeth ; 
 
 II. 5-6 — In this rather oddly-constructed sentence, the subject 
 to *In all things gracious' is his unnamed Mistress, i.e., Eliza- 
 beth, For throughout these ' Cantoes, ' as in Love's Martyr, 
 Chester is interpreting his conception — based on close personal 
 knowledge — of the 'feeling' between Elizabeth and Essex. 
 All the known facts make it simply impossible that he could 
 have been speaking for himself. Besides, in " The author's re- 
 c|uest to the Phoenix " he avows his purpose. There his plead- 
 ing is — 
 
 "Accept MY home-writ praifes of THY loue 
 And kind acceptance of thy turtle-doue (p. 5). 
 
 1. 5, " gracious '" — he means [thou art] gracious. 
 Page 166, St. I, 1. 2, "fairc/l faire" — not objective after 'maintained,' but = 
 O fairest faire ; 1. 5, " Tnrtie-Doue'" = ra.a.iQ of himself i/te 
 Turtle Doue. See note on st. i, 11. 5-6, supra ; st. 2, 1. i, 
 " Great Mijlris " — clearly applicable (and in those times most 
 especially) to Elizabeth, and to no subject ; st. 3, 1. 4, "Loue" 
 
 — being emphatic is counted as one foot, ' Loue | that eaf | eth 
 minds | opprefl | with neede | ; 1. 6 = only to be relieved by 
 thee that [always] yeeld'st relief. Again words only at that 
 time to be applied to Elizabeth ; st. 4, 1. 5, "yeafo they fay " 
 
 — is supposed to be her answer, and therefore her " owne con- 
 » feffion" ; st. 5, L 2, "for to" — as before. See also p. 168, 
 
 St. 4, L 2 ; 1. 4 (p. 167) — Of whom in the Court of Elizabeth 
 could this be said but of Elizabeth? 11. 5-6 — not intelligible 
 to me ; but qu. — faith-denying? 
 
 ,, 167, St. I, 1. 4, "thee niofl admirable" =^ O most admirable [one]; st. 2, 
 1. 3, " JMefoinctimes," &c. — this line is made rather mysterious 
 by the necessity of finding a rhyme to " afraid" = yet sometimes 
 terrifying me that I am nevertheless given up to him, 'unless,'' 
 
 &c. ; st. 3, 1. I, " Remorce triicinphantly" = (^s he- 
 
 quently at that time) pitifulness, albeit here tacitly implying 
 penitence for past delays and cruelty. So in Shakespeare and 
 in Parry, quoted in our Introduction, st. 4, 1. 4 (p. 16S, 1. i), 
 " Jiot named" = not [to be] named, unnamcable. 
 
 ,, 168, st. 2, 1. I, '"'■ Thine eiier vn7-cinou''d and still kept word" — most notice-
 
 Notes and Illustrations. 239 
 
 able as between Elizabeth and Essex. It seems to me more 
 than ordinarily remarkable that Chester does throughout with 
 such triumphant audacity give expression to the popular belief 
 of Elizabeth's real sentiment toward Essex. Tlie way in which 
 he works into his pleadings personal traits seems to me declarative 
 of dramatic ability of no mean type. I have no idea that Eliza- 
 beth herself ever made revelation of her ' love ' for Essex to 
 Chester. One can only guess whether Essex exchanged con- 
 fidence with him. But certes from first to last our Poet shows per- 
 fect skill in his giving shape and colouring to what was in the air 
 concerning the ' Phrenix ' and her ' Turtle-doue.' These ' Can- 
 toes,' with Posies for ground- work that perchance were known 
 in society as circulating in the Court, equally with Loves Mar- 
 tyr, bring Chester before us as consecrating all his gifts and 
 knowledge and sympathy to celebrating this story, 'Jltadowing 
 the truth of Lone'' between Elizabeth and Essex when the latter 
 burst upon her in her still susceptible and passionate mid-age 
 in all the brilliance and fascination of his young prime. I 
 would also here notice what follows in the title-page (of 1601) 
 "in the constant fate of the Phceuix and Turtle," i.e., ' fate to 
 be constant ' to each other. Chester evidently believed that the 
 'love' awakened in Elizabeth for Essex lived on uneradicated 
 even by his marriage and her advancing age. Save Sidney's 
 and Stella's ' love ' so tragically re-discovered when it was ' too 
 late,' I know nothing more truly a 'Love martyrdom' than 
 that of Elizabeth and Essex. The great Queen's closing me- 
 lancholy and bursts of weeping with the name of Essex on her 
 lips, and slow-drawu-out dying, reveal Chester's prescience of 
 insight. 
 Page 169, St. I, 1. I, "/;w«''_qu.— error for 'for.' The latter yields sense, 
 the former scarcely; 1. 6, ''By thy f aire," &.c. — again only 
 applicable to Elizabeth in her Court. See Churchyard's Poems 
 given in our Introduction ; motto, 1. 3, "/"= aye ; st. 2, 1. 3, 
 "he," as in the margin and as required by the sense should be 
 "fke." 
 
 „ 170, St. 2, 1. 6, " monntaine top of 7vill afpires"= zmh\t\on. In the Song 
 (in italics) it is to be noted that the 2nd and 4th lines of each 
 stanza (the alternate lines) are answers to the question or remark 
 in 1st and 3rd. In st. i, 1. 2, the first 'loue ' should be 'Loue' 
 and have comma (, ) after it. 
 
 „ 171, St. 2, 1. 4, "/"=aye; st. 3, 1. 4, "^tcww" =alwaies ; st. 4, 1. i, 
 read ' foules Life' = his Mistress; 1. 2, delete comma (,) after 
 "villaine"', st. 4, 1. 8 (p. 172, 1. 2), "rt'dwr" delete comma (,) 
 — it is — 'deare' shall, or 'deare' is the nominative to 'shall.' 
 
 5, 172, St. I, 1. 4, read 'wind-oppressing.' I may as well note here that
 
 2^0 Notes and Ilbtsiraiions. 
 
 there are so many compounded words in Chester not marked by 
 hyphen, that I could only call attention to the more important ; 
 others the reader will fill in or not at his discretion ; st. 2, 1. 8, 
 *^ by my'" — qu. — "^y thy" — true Bird as I = true Bird as I 
 [am] — see 11. 1-3, for these interpretations ; st. 3, 1. i, " 7>7/ 
 that Icane JlcJJiles cripple, pale-pacd Death " — so in 0/d Foi'tu- 
 7iatns "There's a lean fellow beats all conquerors." 
 Page 173, 1, 3, read 'spring[s], i.e., whence springs all these my 'passions'; 
 punctuate in 1. 6, ; after 'sonne ' ; '■' I\ToJl denine^'' &c., 1. 6, 
 "/"=aye; 1. 8, put hyphen, " neuer-cea/i)tg." The want, 
 &c., I. 2, "want" — verb — its nominative ' day and night.' 
 
 ,, 174, St. 3, 1. I, "wjc affe(flwn" = [by the object of] my affection ; st. 3, 
 1. 2, punctuate ' ;' after 'disgrace.' 
 
 ,, 175, St. 2, 1. I, " Where tiao harts," &c. — a final impassioned appeal to 
 Elizabeth to let ' Loue ' be ' Soueraigne ' — quite in accord with 
 the style she was addressed to the end, as though she never 
 could be other than 'young,' and with possibilities or impossi- 
 bilities of result at her command; 1. 5, " dignijied" = gnen 
 dignity. 
 
 ,, 177, Title-page — The Latin motto is from Horace, Od. iv, 8, 28. In the 
 original is a rude wood- cut of an anchor. 
 
 ,, 179, 1. 6, " JjroDiiiis" — one of the varying names cf Bacchus ; 1. 9, ^''Ingles 
 his cheeke"= treats his check as one does one's ingle or delight, 
 or loved youth playfully pinches or strokes it ; 1. 12, "fiijlend''' 
 = our present 'subtend'; I. 14, ^' honorable friend," viz.. Sir 
 John Salisburie, as on title-page ; 1. 15, '^ illii/lrate" — usedas = 
 illustrious or giving lustre, and by Ben Jonson on p. 182, last 
 St. but one; 1. 19, " profu/e" = \iO\\x forth. In olden days 
 each did not as now drink the heallli from his own glass, but 
 a large bowl being filled, it was passed to each successively, 
 thus going the 'round.' (I.21) 
 
 ^, iSo, Heading — Sir lohn Salisburie. See our Introduction on this 
 * worthily honor'd Knight'; 1. 4, "^x/^rt?//?"= drawn out; 1. 14, 
 "/ie/ponjible" = answering. These ' Vatum Chorus' pieces 
 are in good sooth poor enough. They have touches like 
 Chapman at his worst. 
 
 ,. iSi, 1. 5, ^^ But one ficke Phahe" — an unmistakeable allusion to Elizabeth 
 as ' sick ' — such indeed as it was impossible to apply to any 
 other at the time; ibid., " fe-i<er-Jliaking Light." " The influ- 
 ence of the moon on disease was so prevalent an opinion that 
 this may have meant =' causing fever-shaking'; but it might 
 also refer to the shaking glimmering light of the moon likened 
 to the shivering in a fever. Possibly both meanings were 
 intended to be understood by the reader." So Dr. l')rinsley 
 Nicholson to me ; but qu. — is not the latter half of the line an
 
 Notes and Illustrations. 241 
 
 ep-exegesis of the former, i.e., ' one ficke riiahe''—^ Light fcucr- 
 shaking' by its sickness the nation? Men spoke even recently 
 of England as in a ^feverish state of excitement and suspense' 
 during the illness of the Trince of Wales. Note likewise that 
 Shakespeare in his ' Phoenix and Turtle' introduces the 'fcucr' 
 
 — p. 182, St. 2, ' Augour of ^\Q fciiers etid.^ Notice also that 
 the 'vnte'' of "The Burning" (1. 7) reappears in 'Threnos,' 
 St. 3,1. I, ' To this z';-«^ ' — see on II. 15-16; 1. 6, ^' (he world 
 one PJuvnix ' — once more who would have then dared to sing of 
 any save Elizabeth as the 'one Phoenix 'of 'the world'? 11. 15-16, 
 
 — these are purposely enigmatical — the words, '■^ Her rare- 
 dead ajlies, fill a rare-Hue vj-ne," tw\i\Qn\.\y point at the fact that 
 the Phcrnix or Elizabeth was really living, although as ' Love's 
 Martyr,' dead. The last line is obscure; L 17, '^Jgnoto." — 
 This was Raleigh's signature ; but it is also contemporaneously 
 found attached to pieces certainly not his. Everything forbids 
 our regarding these Lines as by him. 
 
 Page 1 82, St. I, 1. I, " bird of lowdejl lay" — Because the 'Phoenix' is the bird 
 associated with the 'Turtle' in Loz'e^s Martyr, and throughout, 
 it has been assumed, by apparently all the commentators on 
 Shakespeare, that it is intended here. Surely this is a gross 
 mistake, inasmuch as (i) It is the ' Phcenix's ' death 
 ('shadowing' Elizabeth) that the poem celebrates; and it were 
 absurd to imagine it could be called on to ' sing ' its own death. 
 See 'Threnos' and st. 6 of this poem. (2) Nowhere — even 
 supposing the ' Phoenix ' possible — is tliis legendary bird 
 represented as gifted with 'song.' I think it was left inten- 
 tionally indefinite. I would suggest the 'Nightingale'; others 
 may think of another. 1. 2, " On the f ok Arabian tree." Malonc 
 has excellently adduced a jjarallel passage in Tlie Tempest : 
 
 " Now I will believe 
 That there are unicorns; that in Arabia 
 There is one tree, the phcenix' throne: one phoenix 
 At this hour reigning there " (act iii, sc. 3, p. 23). 
 
 He remarks: "This singular coincidence, likewise, ser\-es to 
 authenticate the present poem " (Variorum Shakespeare, vol. 
 XX, p. 421, edition 1821). By the 'sole Arabian tree' the 
 Palm is meant. In Greek //a^/w/.v, and meaning both pluenix 
 and palm-tree (Dr. Cobham Brewer's Dictionary, s.v.') 1. 3, 
 *^ trumpet. '^ Steevens addresses King John — 
 " Be thou the trumpet of our \A'rath 
 And sullen presage of your own decay" (i, l). 
 
 Variorum Shakespeare, as before; 1. 4, ^' ehafie 7C'ings obey''' 
 I have, myself, often watched the lilling and tremulous motion
 
 242 Notes and IlUtstraiions. 
 
 of the 'singing' Nightingale's wings, and chaste was iht 
 exquisitely chosen word to describe the nightingale, in reminis- 
 cence of the classical story; St. 2. 1. I, "JJu'iking /iarl>inger^^= 
 shreek or scritch-owl ; 1. 2, "/;w«r;vr" = fore-runner — 
 scarcely 'procurer.' Qi. Midsummer Nighfs Dream: 
 
 " Now the wasted brands do glow, 
 "While the scritch-owl, scritching loud; 
 Puts the wretch that lies in woe. 
 In remembrance of a shroud" (act v, sc. 2). 
 
 Steevens, as before; 1. 3, "A//^oio'"= angm; fore-teller; id., 
 *^/eve/s eiid''^ death (by fever); 1. 4, "To this troupe come 
 thou not 7ieere." Steevens, as before, recalls another bit in Mid- 
 summer Night'' s Drea7n — "Ye spotted snakes, &c. . . . come 
 not near our fairy queen." St. 3, \. 3 — punctuate "feather'd 
 King" — " So in Gray's Ode on the Progresses of Poetry : 
 
 "thy magick lulls the feathcr\i King 
 
 With ruffled plumes and flagging wing " 
 
 (Steevens, as before). 
 
 St, 4, 1, 2, "defunctiiie Muftche can" — "That understands 
 funereal musick. To can, in Saxon, signifies to kno'w " (Malone' 
 as before). But query — Is it here used from the Latin 'cano'? 
 (Dr. Brinsley Nicholson, to me.) St. 5, punctuate and read — 
 
 " And thou treble-dated Crow, — 
 That thy fable gender niak'ft 
 With the breath thou giu'ft and tak'ft; 
 Mong'fl our mourners flialt thou goe." 
 
 Steevens, as before, on 1. i, 'treble dated Crow' aptly quotes 
 Lucretius [^, 1053]: 
 
 "cornlcum ut secla vetusta. 
 
 Ter tres setates liumanas gariula vincit 
 Comix." 
 
 1. 2, " that thy fable gender mak''Jl," 8i.c. It is a ' Vulgar Error ' 
 still, that the 'Crow' can change its 'gender' at will. My 
 friend Mr. E. W. Gosse puts it — ' thou Crow that makest 
 [change in] thy sable gender, with the mere exhalation and 
 inhalation of thy breath' (letter to me). 1. 3, ''With the breath,'* 
 Sec. — query, Is there a sub-reference to the (mythical) belief 
 that the crow re-clothes its aged parents with feathers and feeds 
 them ? As being 'sable' it is well fitted to be a 'mourner.' It 
 is so introduced in our child-hood favorite of the * Death and 
 Burial of Cock Robin.' Cf. Batman upon Barth., B 12, C 9.
 
 Notes and' Illustrations. 243 
 
 Sir Thomas Browne has a note on 'White Crows' (=the aged). 
 St. 6, This, as supra, makes it impossililc that the ' Ijird of 
 lowdest lay' could be the 'phcenix'; st. 7, 11. 1-2. Query — 
 punctuate comma (,) after 'loucd,' and delete comma (,) after 
 ' twaine ' ? It is to be remembered that the compositor oi 
 Loz'e's Martyr was especially fond of a comma at the end of a 
 verse line. We have an exactly similar instance in p. 183, st. I, 
 as ivfra. 
 Page 183, St. I, 1. I, punctuate comma for (;) ; 1. 2, punctuate comma after 
 'Distance' and delete it after 'feene,' as supra; 1. 4, '''Bit! m 
 them it were a wonder "= Except — another Elizabeth sign; 
 for only of the ' Queene ' as placing no ' distance and no space ' 
 betwixt herself and 'this Tur/le,^ could it have been said 'it 
 were a wonder'; il>., punctuate comma after ' them '; st. 2, 1. 2, 
 "///> right," &.C. — It is merely a variant mode of expressing 
 seeing love-babies (or one's self imaged) in tlie other's eyes. This 
 gives the true sense to the 'mine ' of 1. 4 ; st. 3, 1. i, "Property 
 was thus appall'd," &c. = great proprietors, or the nobility. I 
 imagine there is an enigmatical hitting at the jealousy of Essex 
 among the nobility of England, in the possibility of marriage 
 between him and Elizabeth. Malone, in loco, muddles the 
 matter {meo judicio) ; 1. 2 — qu. — delete comma after 'together,' 
 and put comma after ' themselues' — making the whole from 
 'saw ' to 'themselues ' one clause; 1. 4, "simple" &c.= were so 
 well compounded into a simple, i.e., into one. Punctuate 
 comma for period ; st 5 — as in Loves Martyr, I detect here, 
 and throughout, Shakespeare's feeling, that Elizabeth's and 
 Essex's relations meant infinitely more than 'friendship'; st. 
 6, 1. I, "Whereupon," &.C. ^This/uneral song.' So in Kendal's 
 poems, 1577 : 
 
 " Of verses, threnes and epitaphs, 
 Full fraught with tears of ieene. " 
 
 A book entitled David's Threanes, by J. ITeywood, was 
 published in 1620. Two years afterwards, it was rejirinted 
 under the title of David's Tears ; the former title probably was 
 discarded as obsolete. For this information I am indebted to 
 Dr. Farmer (iVIalone, as before). 
 
 ,, 184 — Thenos — st. 2, 1. 3, " rejl." Punctuate with comma; st. 3, 1. i, 
 punctuate ; or : for comma. 
 
 On the significance of these Poems by Shakespeare, in 
 relation to Elizabeth and Essex, see our Introduction. 
 
 „ 1S5, 1. 9, "Dians iier"= Dian's tyre ; 1. 3 (from bottom) — read 'air[,] 
 and delete comma after ' thoughts ' in next line. Perhap? 
 comma should also be deleted after ' Woman ' in 1. 3 (from 
 bottom).
 
 244 Notes and Illustnitions 
 
 gS* Note, that though in the heading it is out of the ' ashes ' 
 of both, the ' wondrous creature ' arises, in the poem 
 (1. 17) he only spealcs of what arises from ' the Turtle's 
 aflies ' — all this natural, for Essex really was dead, 
 but the 'Phcenix,' or Elizabeth, only allegorically so. 
 And so is it throughout, the real peeps through the 
 'allegorical,' and the 'allegorical' loses itself in the 
 actual. 
 11. 23-4, That whilfl my labouring thoughts [do] sing witti, 
 &c. , of this, &c. [nor] God [nor] Man, nor, &c. 
 Page 186, 1. 2 — qu. — delete comma after 'prcfume,' the sense being ' Prefume 
 [to] define,' rithmi causa ; 1. 4 = vouchsafe that my Muse may 
 greet; 1. 7, "Jli^htc;/}" i.e., [the] slightest [of the perfections] 
 that adorn'd, &c. Query — lightest, i.e., most light, ihe 's' 
 being caught from 'was'?; 1. 10, ^^ Perfection had >w vieaiie'" = 
 was limitless; 1. 12, '^ injlrucied^^ — which 'even instructed 
 vertue, clothed ['inuested'] and therefore substantial; 1. 17, 
 remove comma after ' Hyperbolicall'; st. 4, 1. I, ";«m«if" = 
 was limitless or had no equal; st. 5, 1. i, " dcck'd and Jlained''' 
 = decked and adorned, or were lively coloured as an adornment. 
 ,, 187, St. I, 1. 3, "il/rtj/Jw" — verb singular, nominative plural, through 
 intervention of 'that,' 2es. frequenter. Punctuate 'Maskes[,J 
 fo choicely fheltred ' ; st. 2, 1. 2, ''■wanted'" — used as neuter= 
 were or have been wanting ; 1. 10, " penjtyfJw^ves," i.e., made- 
 up shows, as at penny shows at a fair. Perfection! Hymnus, 1. 3, 
 'feature"— making, or thing made ; used also in the following 
 verses by Ben Jonson : Cf. p. 193, 1. 22, and p. 194, 1. 14 ; 
 and also, some think, by Touchstone to Audrey in the sense 
 of 'the verses he has made.' Punctuate 'excellence, .... 
 confin'd. ' This excellence, [that is] confined within all that is 
 best; 1. 7, "/" = Aye; 1. 10, " ;ww/«a/w« "= naming ; il>., 
 "firaio-/it" — narrow ; 1. 12, ''gine" — may be='giues' 
 delete period and supply comma. 
 ,, 188, 1. I, punctuate comma after " Siiberbes" ; 1. 2, ''Has "= as, with the 
 unlucky 'H'; the signature " lohn Marfton" includes Per- 
 fectioni Hymni and preceding poems from p. 183; " PeriJIerps," 
 &c., 1. 4, "Si£-/its" = eyes, or mode of view; 1. 8='flaid 
 ludgemets blow Loues fires, but humorous Paffions only blow 
 falfe fires whose Loues, &c., and quench,' &c.; I. II, "con- 
 tend'' — in Latinate sense=aim at or stretch forward to ; 1. 18, 
 "a/Inded" — another Latinate word = had reference to, with 
 perhaps a sub-reference to 'favoured'; 1. 19, " ExceJ/l;" &.c. 
 It would baa little more intelligible if we read Exceffe[d]; but 
 all is in Chapman's most forced manner; 1. 23, " Exceffe of all 
 //w/^'-j-" = [IIethat was], &c.; I. 24, ".5'///"= except ; 1. 25,
 
 Notes and Illustrations. 245 
 
 " change me from" = [her] that is. Specially note the change 
 to 'me,' showing that the Phcenix is not only a living person 
 but a present person So that albeit Love's Martyr necessitated 
 an ' allegorical ' death, the ' Phoenix ' really was alive while the 
 ' Turtle Doue ' was dead. All this has no motif, much less 
 significance, unless Elizabeth were meant. See our Introduc- 
 tion. Last line, "forme" seems to be a word in vogue (prob- 
 ably from the philosophy of the day) and = pattern, mould, or 
 ideal thought on which I act. Cf. p. 192, 1. 10. 
 page 189, " PrtcliiJiitm." As noticed in our Introduction, Gifford — to put it 
 mildly — prints this most corruptly. He deliberately changes all 
 the we's to I's, and our's to my's ; 1. 6, "Lei's" — in Gifford, 
 Tl'; St. 5, I. r, " /T/a«/C7«^/" = masculine ; st. 6, L I — con- 
 struction is, Light Venus go cramp, &c. ; 1. 2, " Tribade" — 
 one may hope he used this word as = artful only. See Latin 
 Dictionary and Martial ; st. 7, 1. 2, " old Boy " i.e.. Let Cupid 
 turn to lie, &c. , alluding to the custom exemplified by Moth in 
 Lav^s Labour Lost. 
 
 , 190, St. 1, 1. I, "cannot" — 'shall not' in Gifford; 1. 3, "/'i?/^<j-"=broad- 
 leaved hat or cap ; st. 3, 1. 3 — note the words ' deep eares ' ; 
 last line, " /a/?.? "= discover. 
 
 ,; 191, 1. 8, "/w/"— ' should ' in Gifford ; 1. 20, "their"— 'the ' in Gifford ; 
 1. 3 (from bottom) "gentile" — Latinate, whence ' genteel " = 
 one of good or honourable family. In Gifford, ' far more gentle, 
 fine.' 
 
 ,, 192, 1. 22, " Lux2<r{e"= lasciviousness or lust ; 1. 5 (from bottom), "our 
 felfe'' — in Gifford 'ourselves.' 
 
 ,, 193, 1. I, "or" in Gifford 'and'; 1. 22, "Feature" = making. So in 
 'The Phoenix Analyfde,' st. 2, 1. 3. In connection with this 
 word it is to be noted that Shakespeare uses it curiously in verb 
 form, e.g., "a glass that /fs/iV them " (Cymbeline, act i, sc. i) 
 = featured ; ' Defeat thy favour with an usurped beard ' 
 (Othello, act i. sc. 3) = defeature or disfeature. 
 
 ,, 194, I. 5, "Man may feciircly finne. bid fafely neiier." Note the distinc- 
 tion between ' securely ' and ' safely ' ; note the spelling 
 'lohnfon' always used by 'rare Ben' prior to 1604. The 
 Phanix Analyfde. St. 2, 1. i, "our Turtles Augure "= Robert 
 Chester's augury; 1. 3, "Feature" = making, as before. Ode 
 \vQov(iia.aTiK\\, 1. 3, "illustrate' — illustrious in Gifford. 
 
 A. B. G.
 
 '24 
 
 +7 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 The references are to the page-numbers at the top, and not the foot of the pages. 
 
 The Tcxt-refcrenccs in Dr. Grosart's Notes are to tlie foot-niunbers. 
 
 Abcstonc, ?thc asbestos, loi, 226 
 Achates, virtues of the, 102 
 Achites, the agate, a precious stone, 
 
 its virtues, 104, 227 
 Adamant, properties of the, loi ; 
 
 easily broken with tlic warm 
 
 blood of a goat, 102 
 Adders-grass, 82, 213 
 Aduotrix, advocate, 137, 149 
 Agnus Castus, the properties of, 82 
 Alban, St., 27 
 Albania, now Scotland, 28 ; Augu- 
 
 sel, King of, his advice to Arthur, 
 
 58 
 
 Alexander introduced the peacock 
 from India, 121 
 
 Alfred first divided England into 
 shires, 26 ; founded Oxford 
 University, 26 ; buried at Win- 
 chester, 26 
 
 Alktid,/^. softened, 83 
 
 Amatites, a precious stone, virtues 
 of the, 102 
 
 Amethyst, the properties of, 102, 227 
 
 Ampliibulus, the instructor of St. 
 Alban, 27 
 
 Angellica, or Dwarf gentian, its 
 virtues, 92 
 
 Angusel, King of Scotland, his 
 advice to Arthur, 58 
 
 Animals found in I'aphos-ile, 108 
 
 Anonymous stanzas on the Turtle 
 and Phcenix, 173 
 
 Ant, its nature, 115 
 
 Anthillis, chickweed, 83 
 
 Aphodill, asphodil, 82, 214 
 
 Arabian P/ta'iiix, No. 2, male, de- 
 sired for Phoenix No. I, female, 5 
 
 Arestment, seizure, 86 
 
 Argirites, a precious stone, loi 
 
 Arion and the Dolphin, the legend 
 
 of, 99 
 Arras cloth, tapestry, 7, 199 
 Arthur completed the building of 
 Windsor Castle, 33 ; his birth, 
 life and death, 34 ; seal of in 
 Westminster, 35 ; at his birth 
 committed to Sir Hector to be 
 brought up, 46; succeeds his 
 father, 47 ; conquered thirty 
 kingdoms, 47 ; his coronation at 
 Caerleon, 49 ; speech of after 
 receiving the letter of Lucius, 54; 
 description of his standard, 60 ; 
 takes Paris, 64; conquers Goth- 
 land, 64; defeats Lucius, 65; 
 attacked by IMirmedons, 66; kills 
 the king of the giants, 67 ; 
 returns to England and lands at 
 Sandwich, 69 ; defeats Mordrcd 
 at Camblane, but is slain him- 
 self^ 71 ; buried at Glastonbury, 
 72 ; his body found in the reign 
 of Henry II., 72; his epitaph, 
 y^)'} liis great size, 74; his wife 
 buried with him, 74 ; his pedigree, 
 76 
 Artichokes, the virtues of, 90 
 Asp, nature of the, 1 14 
 Asterites, a precious stone, loi, 226 
 Astonied,//. astounded, 31 
 Astrion, a precious stone, loi 
 Athelney, formerly called Edling- 
 sey, 26 
 
 Baldud, King of Britain, 26 
 Banning, pr. p. cursing, 44 
 Bay-tree, its virtues, 98 
 Bear, its manner of bearing young, 
 108
 
 243 
 
 Index. 
 
 Bedooming, /5r. /, presaging, 121 
 Bedstraw, our ladies', the plant 
 
 galium, 9?, 221 
 Bee, its nature and habits, 115 
 Beholding, adj. under obligations, 
 
 35 
 Belin, King of Britain, built Bil- 
 
 linsgate, 27 ; founded Caerlion, 
 
 27 
 Bellrags, a plant, a kind of water- 
 cress, 90, 220 
 Beryl, properties of the, 103 
 Billinsgate built by Belin, 27 
 Birds of Paphos-ile, 116 
 Boar, its enmity against the bear, 
 
 109 
 Brookelime, the plant water pim- 
 
 pernell, 92, 221 
 Bugle, or wild ox, how tamed, 109 
 Bunch-backt, adj. hump-backed, 
 
 100 
 Buprestis, the plant hares ears, 83, 
 
 215 
 
 Caddes, the jackdaw, 116, 230 
 Cador, Duke of Cornwall, his 
 
 advice to Arthur, 53 
 Caerbranke, the ancient name of 
 
 York, 28 
 Caerleir, afterwards Leicester, 
 
 founded by King Leyre, 26 
 Caerlion, founded by Belin, 27 ; 
 
 three famous churches in, 27 
 Caladrius, a bird, its nature, 117, 
 
 230 
 Calues snout, snapdragon, 83, 215 
 Camblane, Alordred defeated by 
 
 Arthur at, 71 ; Arthur slain at, 
 
 71 
 Cambridge built by Sigisbert or 
 
 Cantaber, a Spaniard, 28 
 Camel, nature of the, 109 
 Can, V. pr. t. understands, 170, 243 
 Cantaber, a Spaniard, the founder 
 
 of Cambridge, 28 
 Canterbury founded by King Lud, 27 
 Cantoes, alphabet-wise to faire 
 Phoenix made by the Paphian 
 Dove, Ixvii, 134; verbally writ- 
 ten, Ixvii, 141 
 Carefull, adj. full of care, 123 
 Carlisle founded by King Leill, 28 ; 
 formerly c^ed Caerleits, 28 
 
 Carrots, the virtues of, 88 
 
 Castle of Maidens, the (Edinburgh), 
 28 
 
 Calstail, the herb horsetail, 92 
 
 Censure, v. decide on, judge, 2 
 
 Censure, decision, 12 
 
 Censures, opinions, judgments, 35 
 
 Centaurion (Centaury), the deriva- 
 tion of the name and its virtues, 
 
 85 . 
 Ceranicum, a precious stone, pro- 
 perties of, 103 
 Chapman, George, poem on Peri- 
 
 steros or the male turtle, 180 
 Chastesize, v. drive away, 4 
 Chastice, keep, drive away, 1 1 
 Cheare, face, feeling, 16 
 Chester, Robert, no contemporary 
 notices of, vi ; identified, vii ; 
 notice of his family, vii: "The 
 Christian Exercise of Fasting" 
 dedicated to him by Henry 
 Holland, viii, Ixxiv ; his birth, 
 viii ; knighted, ix ; his marriage 
 and death, ix ; his age at the 
 time of the publication of" Love's 
 Martyr," ix ; his connection with 
 Sir J. Salisburie, xiii ; his pos- 
 sible intimacy with the Earl of 
 Essex, xlvi ; his rank as a poet, 
 Ixii ; abstract of his will, Ixxiv 
 Chester, formerly called Caer Leon, 
 
 repaired by King Leill, 28 
 Chiron healed by centaury, 85 
 Chorus V'atum, verses signed, pro- 
 bably written by Ben Jonson, Ixi 
 Christ! oculus, a plant, its virtues, 87 
 Christs-thorne, a plant, 95 
 Churches, three famous in Caerleon, 
 
 27 
 
 Churchyard,Thomas, extracts from, 
 xxvi, xxxix ; his Epistle-dedica- 
 tory in " The Fortunate Fare- 
 well " to the Earl of Essex, xl 
 
 Ciparissus, the grove ot, 9, 200 
 
 Cissus, 91, 92, 220 
 
 Clary, Cleare-eie, seebright, 83, 
 215 
 
 Clcane, adv. quite, completely, 152 
 
 Cleopatra, her death from the bite 
 of an asp, 1 14 
 
 Clovis converted to Christianity, 59 
 
 Coculus Pantcr, a plant, Z^,, 215
 
 Index, 249 
 
 Contentiue, adj. a source of con- 
 
 Dragon, its enmity with the ele- 
 
 tentment, pleasint^, 38 
 
 phant, no 
 
 Conuenient, adj. iitting, proper, 54 
 
 Dromedary, its derivation and 
 
 Cornwall, Cador, Duke of, his 
 
 nature, no 
 
 oration to Arlluir, 53 
 
 Dubright, Archbishop, Arthur 
 
 Cotula, May-weed, 82, 213 
 
 crowned by, 49 
 
 Coyle, tumult, disturbance, 21, 203 
 
 Dwale, or nightshade, its pro- 
 
 Crane, instinct and habits of the. 
 
 perties, 94, 222 
 
 117 
 Crocodile, nature of the, 116 
 
 Eagle, habits of the, n8 
 
 Crowbels, 82, 213 
 
 Ebranke, the founder of York, 28 
 
 Cuckoes-meate, a plant, the cuc- 
 
 Edinburgh, the Castle of Maidens, 
 
 koo' s bread, 83, 215 
 
 founded by Ebranke, 28 ; images 
 
 Cuckoo, its song, 1 1 7 
 
 of stone placed there, 29 
 
 Cukoe flowers, wild watercress, 83, 
 
 Edition of "Love's Martyr" of 
 
 215 
 
 i6n, its identity with that of 
 
 
 1 60 1, Ixi 
 
 Daphadill, the daffodil, 82 
 
 Edlingscy, the Towre of, afterwards 
 
 Daphne transformed mto the bay- 
 
 Athelney, 26 
 
 tree, 97 
 
 Elephant, the, no 
 
 Daunst, v. pt. pi. danced, 10 
 
 Elfleda, daughter of Alfred, 26 
 
 Dazeled, //. s. dazzled, 91 
 
 Elix'd, drawn as the essence, 177 
 
 Death and burial of Arthur, 72 
 
 Elizabeth identified by Dr. Grosart 
 
 Deaw, dew, 3 
 
 with the "Phcenix," xxii 
 
 Debora, image of, placed by 
 
 Elizabeth, Melvin's Account of. 
 
 Ebranke at Edinburgh, 31 
 
 Ixxix 
 
 Deliuerie, custody, charge, 46 
 
 Elizabeth of Arragon, image of, at 
 
 Description of the Phoenix, 2 
 
 Edinburgh, 32 
 
 Dewberrie, dwarf mulberry, 83,215 
 
 Elutropia, a precious stone, loi 
 
 Dialogue between Nature, the 
 
 Emerson's "Parnassus," quoted, 
 
 Phoenix and the Turtle Dove, 16 
 
 xliv 
 
 Diamond, its virtues, 103 
 
 Emote, the emmet or ant, n4 
 
 Dionise, a precious stone, loi, 226 
 
 England first divided into shires by 
 
 Diseased, adj. troubled in mind, 42 
 
 Alfred, 26 
 
 Disgrasiue, adj. disgracing, a 
 
 Enidros, a precious stone, 104, 
 
 cause of disgrace, 147 
 
 227 
 
 Distempred, pt. s. disturbed, dis- 
 
 Enlarge, v. spread, increase, 64 
 
 quieted, 62 
 
 Enterlined, //. streaked, 102 
 
 Ditty on Love, 78 
 
 Envy, description of, 20 
 
 Diverse Poetical Essaies on the 
 
 Epistle-dedicatory to the Earl of 
 
 Turtle and Phoenix, 169 
 
 Essex of " The Christian Exer- 
 
 Dog, aftectionate nature of the, no, 
 
 cise of Fasting, &c.," Ixxiv 
 
 229 
 
 Epitaph on Arthur, "]},, 75 
 
 Dorter, bedroom, sleeping-place. 
 
 Errata in the original copy of 
 
 m 
 
 "Love's Martyr," Ixxxii ; in the 
 
 Double-tongue, the plant horse- 
 
 I'eprint, Ixxxiii 
 
 tongue, S3 
 
 Essex-, the earl of, identified by 
 
 Dove, silver-colourd = Turtle- 
 
 Dr. Grosart with the "Turtle- 
 
 Dove, No. 2 = Phoenix, No. i ; 
 
 Dove," xxxv ; Churchyard's 
 
 prayer for, 1 3 
 
 Epistle-dedicatory to, in "The 
 
 Dracodos, a precious stone, its 
 
 Fortunate Farewell," xl ; letters 
 
 properties, 103 
 
 of, to Elizabeth, liii ; and Shak- 
 
 Dracontitcs, a precious stone, loi 
 
 spere, Ivi 
 
 Y
 
 250 Ind 
 
 'tJC. 
 
 Feature, thing made, 179, 185, 186 
 
 Holland, Henry, his dedication of 
 
 Fishes of Paphos, 99 
 
 "The Christian Exercise of 
 
 Floramore, the Amaranth, 83, 215 
 
 Fasting " to R. Chester, viii, Ixxiv 
 
 Fond, adj. foohsh, 133 
 
 Honesties, pinks, 83, 215 
 
 Forepassed, pp. past, gone by, 97 
 
 Horslocke, a fetter, 93 
 
 Funeral], cot^n, 72 
 
 Howell, King of Little Britain, his 
 
 
 answer to the Romans, 56 
 
 Gagates, jet, its virtues, 104, 227 
 
 Humane, adj. human, 18 
 
 Galactites, a precious stone, loi 
 
 Hyacinthus, the Legend of, 89 
 
 Gahngal, the cyperus longus, 83, 2 1 5 
 
 
 Garboiles, tumults, disturbances, 55 
 
 Ibis, habits of the, iig 
 
 Gawin, Sir, his skull preserved at 
 
 Idea, representation, image, 47 
 
 Dovei-, 35 ; death of, 69 ; buried 
 
 Identification of the "Phoenix" 
 
 at Ross, 70 
 
 and the "Turtle-Dove," xxi ; 
 
 Gelatia, a precious stone, loi 
 
 Dr. B. Nicholson on, xxiv 
 
 Gentian, the virtues of, 92 
 
 Igrene, wife of Garloye, mother of 
 
 Glastonbury, Arthur buried at, 72 ; 
 
 Arthur, 2,7 
 
 founded by Joseph of Arimathea, 
 
 Illustrate, adj. light-giving, 171 
 
 76 
 
 Images, nine placed by Ebranke in 
 
 Goat, nature of the, 1 1 1 
 
 Edinburgh, 29 
 
 Goates oregan, goat's organy or 
 
 Incontinent, adv. at once, immedi- 
 
 marjoram, 84 
 
 ately, III 
 
 Gods, Parliament of, i 
 
 Indubiate, adj. undoubted, 32 
 
 Goldcups, buttercups, S3 
 
 Infamer, defiimer, slanderer, 70 
 
 Goldsnap, gold-cup, buttercup, 82 
 
 Inferre, v. introduce, bring forward, 
 
 Goosefoot, 82 
 
 56 
 
 Gothland conquered by Arthur, 
 
 Inscripted,j2^/. inscribed, 72 
 
 64 
 
 Insects and Reptiles found in 
 
 Go to bed at noone, a plant, 90, 220 
 
 Paphos-ile, 113 
 
 Gratia Dei, hedge hyssop, 82, 214 
 
 Inihxomz d, pp. enthroned, 56 
 
 Gratulate, v. welcome, 171 
 
 Intreate, v. treat, discourse, 25 
 
 Griffon, description of the, 119 
 
 Introduction to the Prayer for the 
 
 Grune, groan, 126 
 
 prosperity of the Turtle Dove, 12 
 
 Guegawes, gewgaws, toys, 79 
 
 Invocatio ad Apollinem et Pierides, 
 
 Guinivere, Arthur's wife, buried 
 
 171 
 
 with him at Glastonbury, 74 
 
 Ireland identified by Dr. Grosart 
 
 
 with Paphos-ile, xxxix, li 
 
 Haggard, a wild hawk, 68, 211 
 
 Iris, a precious stone, loi 
 
 Flares ballockes, a plant, 94, 222 
 
 Ivy, the virtues of, 92 
 
 Hedgehog, power of, to foretell the 
 
 
 weather, 1 1 1 
 
 Jacinth, its properties, 105 
 
 Hell-bread, adj. hell-bred, 13 
 
 Jacke by the hedge, the plant Sauce 
 
 Hellebore (Melampodium), its vir- 
 
 alone, 88, 218- 
 
 tues, 85 
 
 Jahel, image of, placed by Ebranke 
 
 Herbe Twopence, moneywort, 86, 
 
 at Edinburgh, 31 
 
 217 
 
 Joan of Naples, image of, at Edin- 
 
 Hercinie, a bird, nature of, 1 19, 230 
 
 burgh, 32 
 
 Hcrmodactill, a plant, 86, 217 
 
 Jonson, Ben, his Pr^eludium, 181 ; 
 
 Heyrc, heir, 67 
 
 his Epos, 182; "The Phoenix 
 
 " Historical JNIeinoirs on the reigns 
 
 Analysde," 187; his Ode 'tvQovai- 
 
 of Queen Elizabeth and Kmg 
 
 auTiKt), 186 
 
 James," 1658, xlviii 
 
 Joseph of Arimathea the founder of 
 
 Hoast, host, army, 14 
 
 Glastonbury, 76
 
 Index, 
 
 IS I 
 
 Judas-tree, the elder, 96, 224 
 Judith, image of, placed by Ebranke 
 
 at Edinburgh, 31 
 Julian the Apostate, 58 
 
 Kind, nature, in 
 
 Lapwing, formerly consulted by 
 
 soothsayers, 119 
 Leicester built by King Leyre, 
 
 26 
 Leill, King of Britain, founded 
 
 Carlisle, 28 
 Leopards foote, a plant, 83 
 Letter to a Scotch nobleman, at 
 
 the close of the reign of Queen 
 
 Elizabeth quoted, Ixxx 
 Letter of Lucius, the Emperor of 
 
 Rome, to Arthur, 51 
 Leyland's Epitaph on Arthur, 75 
 Leyre, King of Britain, built Caer- 
 
 leir (Leicester), 26 
 "Liberal Honour," a title thought 
 
 by Dr. Grosart to apply to the 
 
 Earl of Essex, xxxv, 5. 
 Ligarius, Ligurius, a precious stone, 
 
 the carbuncle, formed from the 
 
 urine of the lynx, loi, in 
 Lion, nature of the, 1 12 
 Liparia, rock alum, loi 
 Liuely, adj. living, 102 
 Lizard protects man against wild 
 
 beasts, 115 
 Lodestone, its properties, 105 
 London formerly called Troynou- 
 
 ant, founded by Trojans, 78 
 Loose, V. lose, 70 
 Loue in idleness, the pansy, 88 
 Love, Nature's ditty on, 78; Song 
 
 of the Phoenix on, 79 
 Love's Martyr, the edition of 161 1, 
 
 Ixi ; Poetic value of, Ixii ; Errata 
 
 in the original copy, Ixxxii 
 Lucius, Emperor of Rome, his 
 
 letter to Arthur, 51 ; defeated by 
 
 Arthur, 65 
 Lud, King of Britain, founded 
 
 Canterbury, Winchester and 
 
 Shaftesbury, 27 
 Lunaria, the herb moonwort, vir- 
 tues of, 92, 93, 221 
 Lynx, urme of, turns into a precious 
 
 stone, 1 1 1 
 
 Lyryconfancie, lily of the valley, 84, 
 216 
 
 Maidens, the Castle of (Edinburgh), 
 28 
 
 Mandrake, virtues of the, 82 
 
 Margaritc, the pearl, loi 
 
 Marston, Verses by, 177; his Sonnet 
 to Perfection, 178; "Perfection! 
 Hymnus,'' a poem by, 179 
 
 Maud of Anjou, image of, at Edin- 
 burgh, 32 
 
 Mauger, prep, in spite of, 55 
 
 Meacocke, adj. cowardly, effemin- 
 ate, 59 
 
 Mead-stone, a precious stone, its 
 virtues, 105, 227 
 
 Melampodium, black hellebore, its 
 virtues, 85 
 
 Melvill's Account of Ehzabeth, 
 Ixxix 
 
 Merlin contrives the birth of Arthur, 
 41 ; his stratagem to get into the 
 Castle of Tintagel, 42 
 
 Mersin, an Athenian lady, trans- 
 formed into the Myrtle, 96 
 
 Mill, a plant, 84 
 
 Minerva lived in the time of Abra- 
 ham, 30 
 
 Mirmedons attack Arthur, 66; 
 their king slain by Arthur, 67 
 
 Moderator, a mediator, 40, 207 
 
 Moly, Hungarian garlick, 83 ; its 
 properties, 84, 2 1 5 
 
 Mordred, the treachery of, 67 ; 
 defeated by Arthur at Camblane, 
 
 Mose-tree, the size of its leaves, 98 ; 
 
 the fruit of, supposed to have 
 
 been the apple eaten by Adam, 98 
 Motive of Chester's "Love's M artyr," 
 
 Dr. Grosart on the, xlv 
 Mouseare, myosotis, forget-me-not, 
 
 92, 221 
 Mugwort, its properties, 84, 216 
 Myrtle, the properties of, 97 
 
 Nar, adj. near, 151 
 Narcissus, the legend of, 86 
 "Narration and description of a 
 most exact wondrous ci-eature, 
 arising out of the Phoenix and 
 Turtle-Douc's ashes," 177
 
 2, ; 2 
 
 Index. 
 
 Nature' s description of the Phcenix, 
 2 ; exhibits to the gods a picture 
 of the Phosnix, 8 ; dialogue with 
 the Phoenix and the Turtle-Dove, 
 l6; with the Phoenix starts for 
 Paphos-ile, 24 ; they pass the 
 Euphrates and the Pyramids, 
 25; arrive at Great Britain, 26; 
 Song of, in dispraise of Love, 78 ; 
 describes the plants of Paphos- 
 ile, 82 ; the trees, 95 ; the fishes, 
 99; the minerals, loi ; the 
 beasts, 108; the reptiles, 113; 
 the birds, 116; introduces the 
 Phoenix to the Turtle, 123 
 
 Nauews, nipes, 88 
 
 Neare, adv. never, 86 
 
 Neswort, white hellebore, its vir- 
 tues, 92, 93, 221 
 
 "New Compositions," Dr. Grosart 
 on the relation of, to " Love' s 
 Martyr," Ivi 
 
 Nichols' Progresses of Queen 
 Elziabeth, extracts from, Ixxv 
 
 Nicholson, Dr. B., on the identifi- 
 cation of the "Phoenix," xxiv 
 
 Nightingale, taught to sing in 
 Greek and Lathi, 120 
 
 Nightshade or D wale, its properties, 
 94, 222 
 
 Nonce, made for the nonce = 
 made for the occasion : lit. for 
 that once, "for than anes," 73 
 
 None-like, adj. unequalled, 2, 198 
 
 Notes and Illustrations, Ixxxv 
 
 Nuzlcd, Nuzzled,//, nestled, 41 
 
 Obliuous, adj. forgetful, 51 
 
 Ode 'tvBovaiaijTiKr], poem by Ben 
 Jonson, 1 86 
 
 Ods, "at open ods," openly dis- 
 agreed, I 
 
 Oke of Jerusalem, its properties, 95, 
 216 
 
 Onocentaur, description of the, 1 1 2, 
 228 
 
 Oration of King Arthur to his 
 lordcs and followers, 54 
 
 Orderly, adv. in order, 99 
 
 Ore, prep, over, 3 
 
 Orites, a precious stone, its pro- 
 perties, 106, 227 
 
 Orpheus, his use of the carrot, 88 
 
 Osmond balepate, a plant, 86, 216 
 Osmond the Waterman, the plant 
 
 Osmond fern, 84, 216 
 Our Ladies' Cushion, a plant, thrift, 
 
 82, 214 
 Owl, nature and habits of the, 120 
 Oxe eie, the great daisy, 87, 217 
 Oxford University founded by 
 
 Alfred, 26 
 
 Panteron, a precious stone, loi 
 Paphos-ile, identified by Dr. Grosart 
 
 with Ireland, xxxviii, li ; the 
 
 description of, 9 ; plants of, 82 ; 
 
 trees of, 95 ; fishes of, 99 ; 
 
 precious stones found in, loi ; 
 
 animals found in, 108; insects 
 
 and reptiles of, 113 ; birds of, 116 
 Paris taken by Arthur, 64 
 Parliament of the Gods, i 
 Parrot, "the counterfeiting bird," 
 
 121 
 Parry, Robert, dedication of his 
 
 book "Sinetes'^ to Sir John 
 
 Salisburie, xiv 
 Peacham's "Minerva," extracts 
 
 from, xxiv 
 Peacock, brought by Alexander 
 
 from India, 121 
 Pedigree of Arthur, 76 
 Peele, George, extracts from his 
 
 " Eglogue Gratulatorie," xxxvi 
 Pelican, habits of the, 122 
 Pelican, the, verses of, over the 
 
 ashes of the Phoenix and the 
 
 Turtle, 131 
 Penygrass, the pennyrot, 87, 217 
 Perfection, Sonnet to, by Marston, 
 
 178 
 "Perfection! Hymiius," Marston, 
 
 179 
 Peristeros, or the Male Turtle, 
 
 poem by George Chapman, 180 
 Pety Morrell, the plant garden 
 
 nightshade, 92, 221 
 Philbert, the filbert, 96 
 Fhamix No. i, female, identified by 
 
 Dr. Grosart with Queen Elizabeth, 
 
 xxi 
 Pha'iiix A^o. i, female = Turtle- 
 
 Dove, No. 2 ; references to the, 
 
 Ixxviii; Nature's description of 
 
 the, 2; prayer made for, 13;
 
 Index. 253 
 
 dialogue of, with Nature, 16; 
 
 Remoted, pp. removed, 80 
 
 Song of, on Love, 79 ; meets 
 
 Renowmed, adj. renowned, 53 
 
 Turtle-Dove No. I, 124; dies 
 
 Responsible, adj. responsive, 172 
 
 with him, 131-2 
 
 Rinatrix, a poisonous serpent, 1 16 
 
 PJiaenix No. 2, male, ''A radian 
 
 Rocket, the virtues of, 90, 218 
 
 Phcenix;' p. 5, st. 3. 
 
 " Rosalin's Complaint," metaphori- 
 
 rha^nix A'o. 3, female : the Turtle- 
 
 cally applied to Dame Nature, 
 
 Dove's female mate, p. 9, st. 4 ; 
 
 <S:c., I. See Nature 
 
 is dead, and mourned by the 
 
 Rosemary, the virtues of, 94 
 
 Turtle-Dove No. i, p. 125,'st. 3 
 
 Ross, Gawin buried at, 70 
 
 riurnix No. 4, female, far superior 
 
 Round Table, The, preserved at 
 
 to Phoenix No. i, p. 134; foretold 
 
 Winchester, 33, 35 
 
 at, p. 12, St. 2 ; p. 9, St. I 
 
 Ruinate, pp. ruined, 24 
 
 Phoenix, the, Analysde, poem by 
 
 
 Ben Jonson, 1S6 
 
 Sage, the virtues of, 93 
 
 Pigmies, the, 1 16 
 
 Sage of Jerusalem, cowslips of 
 
 Pilcher, the pilchard, 100 
 
 Jerusalem, 86, 217 
 
 Piper, the pipe-fish, 100, 226 
 
 Salisburie, Sir John, " Love's Mar- 
 
 Plained, pt. s. smoothed, 9 
 
 tyr" dedicated to, x; notice of 
 
 Plants and Flowers of Paphos-ile, 
 
 his family, x ; his birth, xii ; 
 
 82 
 
 account of his mother, Catherine 
 
 Plast, j^/. placed, 148 
 
 Tudor of Berain, xii ; surnamed 
 
 Plebane, ? the plant lieabane, 86, 
 
 "The strong," xii; means of 
 
 216 
 
 identifying, xiii ; his motto, xv; 
 
 Poesie, an inscription in verse, 72 
 
 stanzas to, 172 
 
 Poetic value of " Love's Martyr," 
 
 Sandwich, Arthur lands at, 69 
 
 Dr. Grosart on the, Ixii 
 
 Sappliirc, properties of the, 106 
 
 Powers, V. pr. s. pours, 4 
 
 Satires, satyrs, 7 
 
 " Prseludium," poem by Ben Jon- 
 
 Scorpion, nature of the, 116 
 
 son, 181 
 
 Sea-ensuing, adj. running to the 
 
 Prayer, a, for the prosperity of the 
 
 sea, 78 
 
 Turtle-Dove 11 = Phoenix I, 13 
 
 Semiramis, Queen of Assyria, lived 
 
 Precurrer, precursor, 174 
 
 in the time of Isaac, 30 
 
 President, precedent, example, 1 1 
 
 Sengreene, houselcek, 86, 218 
 
 Pridwin, Arthur's sword, 71 
 
 Shaftesbury, formerly called Mount 
 
 Profuse, 7/. itnpcr. pour out, 171 
 
 Paladour,foundedbyKingLud,27 
 
 Purslane, the virtues of. 88 
 
 Shakspere, his reference to the 
 
 Puttocke, the kite, 117 
 
 Earl of Essex, Ivi ; Dr. Grosart 
 
 Pyrrhus, 121 
 
 on his " Phoenix and Turtle," 
 
 
 Iviii ; on his " Thrcnos." Ivii ; 
 
 Quail' d, -pp. quelled, destroyed, 70 
 
 stanzas by Sh., on the "Turtle 
 
 
 and Phoenix," 174 
 
 Rabiates, a precious stone, its pro- 
 
 Shires, England divided into, by 
 
 perties, 105 
 
 Alfred, 26 
 
 'Rape of Lucrece' alluded to, Ixvii 
 
 Slioken, //. shaken, 126 
 
 Rarietie, rarity, 4, 143 
 
 Short-heeld, adj. unchaste, 91 
 
 Raspis, the raspberry, 90, 220 
 
 Sigisbert, founder of Cambridge, 28 
 
 Ratietie, for rariety, q. 7'. 
 
 Silkworm, hal)its of the, 116 
 
 References to the " Phoenix," Ixxviii 
 
 Sinkefoile, cinquefoile, 82 
 
 Regrect, -u. salute, 156 
 
 " Sinetes," A Poem dedicated to Sir 
 
 Relation between the " New Com- 
 
 John Salisburie, by R. Parry, xiv 
 
 positions " and " Love's Martyr," 
 
 Smaragd, properties of the, 106 
 
 Ivi 
 
 Snakeweed, adderswort, 90, 220
 
 25-1- 
 
 Index. 
 
 y 
 
 Sore, the, a river near Leicester, 26 
 Souldier's perrow, soldier's yarrow, 
 
 a plant, 82, 214 
 Sowbread, the virtues of, 91, 216 
 Sparckle, vAo give out in sparks, 66 
 Sparrows used for divination, 122 
 Spitchcocke, the conger, 100 
 Spit-fish, the sea-pike, 100, 226 
 Spurling, the smelt, 100 
 Standard, description of Arthur's, 
 
 60 
 Standergrass, the properties of, 
 
 94, 222 
 Stanwort, a plant, ? stonecrop, 90 
 Star of Jerusalem, a plant, ? sun- 
 flower or turnsole, 90, 219 
 Stellio, the chameleon, 112, 228 
 Stonehenge, Uther buried at, 47 
 Stones, precious, found in Paphos- 
 
 ile, loi 
 Supprize, v. suppress, 36 
 Swallows used for carrying letters, 
 
 122 
 Swan, the sailor's weather guide, 
 
 123 
 
 Tablitorie, an old tablet, 17 
 
 Temporize, v. soothe, 102 
 
 "Threnos," on the Phcenix', by 
 Shakspere, 176 
 
 Tithimailes, a plant, spurge, milk- 
 wort, 84 
 
 Titimalem, 90. See Tithimailes. 
 
 Todhunter, Dr., translations of 
 Celiano's sonnets, Ixix 
 
 Tomyris, Queen of Scythia, image 
 of, at Edinburgh, 30 
 
 Tornesol, the sunliower, 88, 218 
 
 Torquato Galliano, who he was, Ixviii 
 
 Totterd, adj. tattered, 19 
 
 Treachery of Mordred, 67 
 
 Treauants, truants, 89 
 
 Trees of Paphos-ile, 95 
 
 Trojans the founders of London, 
 formerly called Troynouant, 78 
 
 Troynouant the ancient name of 
 London, 78 
 
 Tudor, Catherine, of Berain, 
 mother of Sir Jolin Salisburic, xii 
 
 Turches, the turquoise, its proper- 
 ties, 107 
 
 " Turtle-Dove," No. i, male, identi- 
 fied by Dr. CJrosart with the Earl 
 
 of Essex, XXXV ; prayer for the 
 prosperity of, 13; named in, 24, 
 but not present at, the dialogue 
 with Nature and the Phcenix, 16 ; 
 introduced to the Phoenix No. i, 
 by Nature, 123; described, 123 ; 
 laments over the mate (Phoenix 
 No. 3) he has already lost, 125; 
 sacrifices himself, 131 
 
 Turtle-Dove, No. 2, female = 
 Phoenix No. i, p. 13, 1. 3 
 
 Twine, a fish, ? the tunny, 100, 226 
 
 Vnderprops, supports, 6 
 Vnsatiate, //. unsatisfied, 122 
 Vther Pendragon, the father of 
 
 Arthur, 36; poisoned, 47 ; buried 
 
 at Stonehenge, 47 
 
 Vading, adj. fading intensely, 17 
 Valerius Maximus, his testimony 
 
 as to Arthur's conquests, 47 
 Vatum Chorus, stanzas signed, 171, 
 
 172 
 Verse Contributions, by "Vatum 
 
 Chorus," 171 ; Anonymous, 173; 
 
 Shakspere, 174; Marston, 177; 
 
 Chapman, 177 ; Ben Jonson, 178 
 Verses "to those of light beleefe," 
 
 15 
 Veruine, vervain, 90, 217 
 
 Voutsafe, v. inipcr. vouchsafe, 142 
 
 Wake-robbins, the plant cuckoo- 
 pint, 88,218 
 Wald, adj. ? walled, 25 
 Weedwind, withwind, convolvulus, 
 
 82,215 
 Whight, creature, 128 
 WiU of Sir R. Chester, abstract of, 
 
 Ixxiv 
 Winchester, Alfred buried at, 26 ; 
 
 founded by King Lud, 27 ; 
 
 Arthur's Round Table preserved 
 
 at, 35 
 Windsor Castle, its foundation and 
 
 completion, 33 
 Worthies, Statue of the nine 
 
 female, at Edinburgh, 28 
 Wrincle, the whelk, 100 
 
 Yorl:, Iniilt Ijy Ebranke and 
 formerly called Caerbranke, 28
 
 f^'-nmmi 
 
 ^ ^ 
 
 
 ¥si^ film- 
 
 
 v-.- 
 
 , \ r , 
 
 ^^^.^^^^---?^ 
 
 :(^ 
 
 
 
 ^^-S\-^ 
 
 i^ 
 
 ^^//€K\ - 
 
 —^^^ 
 
 \.^ 
 
 
 
 
 •^X^' 
 
 z--. 
 
 ^4 
 
 
 
 
 AMJ^^
 
 
 DatA n,. 
 
 D^- 
 
 uc- 
 
 riTACiLir/ 
 
 AA 000 599 658 2 
 
 W/>;. 
 
 %?^^L 
 
 
 ;^^ 
 
 
 
 -^"^^^ 
 
 ^\