v
THE LAW
OF
CHUBCH OBNAMENTS AND UTENSILS,
INCLUDING
COMMUNION TABLES, VESTURES, ORGANS,
CANDLES AND CROSSES.
BY
GEORGE HENRY HEWIT OLIPHANT,
TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE, B.A. j AND OF THE INNER TEMPLE, ESQ..
BARRISTER-AT-LAW.
AUTHOR OF THE "LAW OF PEWS," THE "LAW OF HORSES," &C. &C.
" If it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men."
St. Paul to the Romant.
LONDON:
LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS.
1851.
LONDON :
I-RI.M1D BV STFWART AMI) UIIKKAY,
OLD AILtY.
PREFACE.
A PERSON unacquainted with our Ecclesiastical sys-
tem would naturally suppose that the Clergy, being
in several respects a distinct body in the State, with
peculiar duties and privileges, would be governed
by a distinct Code of Laws, in all matters relating
to their particular functions. This is the case with
the Military Profession, who have Laws framed
for the express purpose, under the title of Articles
of War. But it is not so in our Church, for there
the Law consists of a mass of the m,ost hetero-
geneous materials, and is, in many particulars, so
vague and indefinite, that not only Bishops and
Clergymen, but even the most practised and accom-
plished Lawyers are often unable to arrive at any
satisfactory result.
As many of the Laws by which the Clergy are to
be governed were framed by Popish Legates and
Archbishops long before the Reformation, and are
vague and uncertain in their operation, and difficult
to be understood in their effect, we cannot be sur-
prised if honest men of all parties are constantly
arriving at conflicting conclusions. It would, there-
2015217
IV PREFACE.
fore, save a world of profitless dispute, and be most
conducive to Christian Charity and the true interests
of Religion, were these materials codified, and a
distinct body of Ecclesiastical Law compiled ,
The Author now lays before the Clerical and
Legal Professions, and the Public generally, the result
of a fair and impartial investigation of the various
subjects on which he treats, and would earnestly
impress upon the minds of the Clergy the following
advice of the Bishop of Exeter in 1844 : " The
peculiar dangers of the times, as well as the pre-
vailing tone of public opinion, call upon you most
powerfully, as you would avoid being in the number
of ' them through whom offences come,' to forbear
all unnecessary innovation, especially as I have re-
cently had occasion to urge that worst kind of inno-
vation, the revival of obsolete usages not required
by law, which are associated in the minds of the
people with the superstitions and corruptions of
Rome."
G. H. H. O.
8, Serjeants Inn, Temple.
June 27, 1851.
THE LAW
CHURCH QBNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
CHAPTER I.
OF THESE GENERALLY.
Ornaments find Utcnsilsare
of two sorts 2
Were very numerous in the
time of Popery id.
List of things enjoined by
an ancient Constitution . 3
Change at the Reformation id.
The Parochial Church of
Yarmouth
id.
4
id.
id.
Homily on the subject of
Ornaments
Statute of Quern Elizabeth
A Commission granted
Provision of our Rubric as
tournaments 5
No positive enactment on
the subject id.
But Vestures of the Clergy
are specified id.
Discussion as to what are
not Ornaments id.
Statutes of Henry VIII. . id.
Roi/al Injunctions of Ed-
ward VI. 6
Their effect id.
Ornaments forbid by them 6
What are expressly speci-
fied id.
Provision in case of doubt 7
Ordinary must decide id.
When the Bishop's Juilg-
ment should he sought . . id.
Ecclesiastical Court has
sola conimsance id.
Statute of Circumspecte
Agatis id.
Ornaments are added at a
person's peril 8
Mat/ be removed if im-
proper id.
Churchwardens order the
Ornaments id.
Cltrgyman has no right to
do so id.
But deference should be
paid to his wishes id.
Churchwardens to restore
necessary Ornaments . . 9
Parishioners to provide
things necessary and
convenient id.
LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
Inhabitants of divided
Parish
9
Distinction as to non-resi-
dent Occupiers id.
Sir Simon Degge's opinion id.
A further distinction .... 10
Di'C.ixion of Chief Justice
Holt id.
The present practice .... id.
Ornaments and THE Ornaments and Utensils of a Church are of two
Utensils are of ,
two sorts. UI ls '
1st. Those articles which either the Law or the
nature of the things themselves make necessary ;
such as the Font, the Communion Table, with its
Carpet and Linen Covering, the Communion Plate,
Reading Desk, Pulpit, Bible, Common Prayer Book,
Register Books, Surplice, &c. &c. (a)
2ndly. Such things as we find provided by the
Parishioners, over and above what either the Law
or the absolute necessity of the things themselves
require ; such as a Pulpit Cloth, a Pulpit Cushion,
a Cloth for the Reading-Desk, Rails for the Com-
munion Table, an Organ, Silver Basins for the
Offertory, Branches for Lights, &c. (b) And also a
variety of things which may be added to the Steeple
or exterior of the Church, for the benefit and con-
venience of the Parishioners, as a Clock, a Dial,
Chimes, or a superfluous number of Bells, &c. (c)
The Inventory of Ornaments and Utensils, while
this land was under Popery, was very large in every
Parish ; the Vestments, Images, Vessels, and other
implements necessary for the carrying on of that
superstition being very many, and of great expense
to the people in their constant repair, as well as in
the first providing them, (d)
\Vere very
numerous in
the time of
Popery.
(a) Prid. 30.
(fc) Prid. 31.
(c) Prid. 30.
(d) Prid. 31.
OF THESE GENERALLY. O
As these articles are frequently mentioned in the List of things
books, a list of things enjoined by an ancient Consti- an'den't Con-*"
tutiori of Archbishop Winchelsea is here given. The stitution.
Constitution is as follows : " The Parishioners shall
find at their own charge, a Legend, an Antiphoner,
a Grail, a Psalter, a Troper, an Ordinal, a Missal,
a Manual, the Principal Vestment, with a Chesuble,
a Dalmatic, a Tunic, with a Choral Cope, and all
its appendages, a Frontal for the Great Altar, with
three Towels, three Surplices, one Rochet, a Cross
for Processions, a Cross for the Dead, a Censer, a
Lanthorn, a Hand-Bell to be carried before the
body of Christ, a decent Veil for Lent, Banners for
the Rogations, a Vessel for the blessed Water, an
Osculatory, a Candlestick for the Taper at Easter,
a Font with a Lock and Key, the Images in the
Church, the Chief Image in the Chancel, the Re-
paration of the Body of the Church within and
without, as well in the Images as in the Glass Win-
dows, the Reparation of Books and Vestments,
whenever they shall need." (e)
At the time of the Reformation, it became neces- Change at the
sary that an alteration should take place in the Reformation -
Ornaments, Utensils, and general Service of the
Church ; and accordingly a variety of changes were
about that time made.
And it is remarkable that the Parochial Church The Parochial
of Yarmouth had, in the times of Popery, so many Y ai U nTouth
Goods and Utensils belonging to it, that, at the
Reformation, such of these as were then thought
(e) Lyndw. 251. A large seen in Stavely's History of the
Catalogue of these Popish Orna- Church of England, cap. 12, and
ments and Utensils may also be also in 1 Cardw. Doc. Ann. 151.
B 2
LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
Homily on the
subject of
Ornaments.
Statute of
Queen Eliza-
beth.
A Commission
grunted.
superfluous being sold towards the repair of their
Pier, the money raised appears, by the Town books,
to have amounted to 9771. 6s. $d., an immense sum
in those days, (g)
In the Homily, Against Peril of Idolatry, it is
said, " No more did the old godly Bishops and
Doctors of the Church, allow the over-sumptuous
furniture of Temples and Churches, with plates,
vessels of gold, silver, and precious Vestments. St.
Chrysostom saith, ' In the Ministry of the Holy
Sacraments, there is no need of golden vessels, but
of golden minds.' And St. Ambrose saith, ' Christ
sent his Apostles without gold, and gathered his
Church without gold.' " (h)
By 1 Eliz. cap. 2, s. 25, " such Ornaments of the
Church, and of the Ministers thereof, shall be re-
tained and be in use as were in this Church of Eng-
land by authority of Parliament in the second year of
King Edward VI., until other order shall be therein
taken by the authority of the Queen's Majesty, with
the advice of her Commissioners appointed and
authorized under the Great Seal of England for
causes Ecclesiastical, or of the Metropolitan of this
Realm."
In pursuance of this clause, the Queen, in the
third year of her Reign, granted a Commission to
the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishop of Lon-
don, and two Doctors, to reform the disorders of
Chancels, and to add to the Ornaments of them, by
ordering the Commandments to be placed at the
East end. (z)
(g) Prid 31 ; and see (h) 2 Offic. cap. 28.
Stayely's History of tie Church (i ) ] Burn's Eccl. Law, 367 e;
of England, cap. 12.
Gibs. Cod. 201.
OF THESE GENERALLY. 5
The Rubric of our Common Prayer Book pro- Provision of
vides, that "such Ornaments of the Church, and of JJo5ita.
the Ministers thereof, at all times of their ministra-
tion, shall be retained and be in use as were in this
Church of England, by authority of Parliament, in
the second year of the Reign of King Edward VI."
There is, however, no Statute of that year which N positive
. , ~ enactment on
contains any enactments respecting the Ornaments the subject.
of the Church ; and even in the first Prayer Book
of Edward VI., which was authorized by the
Statute 2 & 3 Edward VI. cap. 1, (k) nothing is
said about the Ornaments of the Church.
But the " Ornaments of the Ministers of the But Vestures
Church at all times of their Ministrations," are in
that Prayer Book particularly specified, and are
consequently the Vestures which in strictness ought
to be worn by our Clergy in the present day, (/) and
this, although different directions be given by our
Canons, which, being both of earlier date than our
last Prayer Book, and having never been confirmed
by Parliament, are not of equal authority.
But although we may not, directly, be able to pro- Discussion as
duce authorities, as to what Ornaments "were in
this Church of England by authority of Parliament,
in the second year of the reign of King Edward
VI.," we may corne to a satisfactory conclusion as
to what were then not Ornaments.
By 31 Henry VIII. cap. 8, Proclamations made statutes of
by the King's Highness, with the advice of his
Honourable Council, were to be obeyed and kept
(ft) The use of this Prayer coming," that is, the third year
Book was not enjoined " till the of the same Reign.
first of Pentecost then next ( / ) As to Vestures, see p. 47.
LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
Royal Injunc-
tions of Ed-
ward VI.
Their effect.
Ornaments
forbid by
them.
What are
expressly
specified.
as though they were made by the authority of Par-
liament ; and the 34 & 35 Henry VIII. cap. 23 T
was passed for the due execution of such Procla-
mations.
While these Statutes were in force, namely, in
1547, the Royal Injunctions of Edward VI. were
issued, forbidding a variety of superstitious Orna-
ments, Utensils, Rites, and Ceremonies.
These Statutes were sooii afterwards repealed ;
but it cannot for a moment be argued, that those
superstitious Ornaments, which in the first year of
the reign of Edward VI., were by Royal Injunctions
having the authority of Parliament, ordered to be
removed and abolished, should, as soon as these
Injunctions ceased to have the authority of Parlia-
ment, become " Ornaments in this Church of Eng-
land, by authority of Parliament, in the second year
of the reign of King Edward VI. "( Z) The most that
could be said for them would be, that if, after being
taken down, they were again put up, there would be
a violation of the Royal Injunctions, but no penalty,
for so doing, could be inflicted by authority of Par-
liament.
It may therefore be laid down, that all the
Ornaments forbid by the Royal Injunctions, are
not those which " were in this Church of England
by authority of Parliament, in the second year of
the reign of King Edward VI."
The following are expressly specified, it being
ordered, "That they shall take away, utterly ex-
tinct and destroy, all shrines, coverings of shrines,
(0 31 Hen. VIII. cap. 8, and 34
& 35 Hen. VIII. cap. 23, were
both repealed by 1 Edw. VI. cap.
12, 8. 5.
OF THESE GENERALLY. 7
all tables, candlesticks, trindles or rolls of wax, pic-
tures, paintings, and all other monuments of feigned
miracles, pilgrimages, idolatry, and superstition, so
that there remain no memory of the same in walls,
glass windows, or elsewhere within their Churches
or houses." (m)
Where doubts arise as to the observance of the Provision in
Rubric, &c., the Preface to our Book of Common
Prayer " Concerning the Service of the Church,"
tells us, that " for the resolution of all doubts, con-
cerning the manner how to understand, do, and
execute the things contained in this Book," the
parties doubting or differing are to have recourse
to their Bishop, who, if he be in doubt himself, is
" to send to the Archbishop for the resolution
thereof/'
Therefore, where the law has given no express or Ordinary must
specific directions, the right of deciding what Orna-
ments are to be used rests with the Ordinary.
So that, with respect to those Ornaments of the Where the
Church where the Rubric and Canons are either ment j^ould s ~
silent or not clear, and about which there is a diffe- be sought.
rence of opinion, the judgment of the Bishop should
be sought, (n)
The law allows the Ecclesiastical Court to have Ecclesiastical
connusance Avith regard to the Ornaments of the connusance.
Church, and it prevents the interference of the Tem-
poral Courts, (o)
By the Statute of Circumspecte Aqatis, 13 Edw. I. Statute of
o i ~*n- nn IT-' Circumspecte
otat. 4, cap. J, passed in ]22o, " Lhe King to his Agatis.
Judges sendeth greeting. Use yourselves circuni-
(m) 1 Cardw. Doc. Ann. 17. Charge, Oct. 1842.
(n) See Bishop of London's (o) 2 Inst. 489.
8 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
Ornaments are
added at a per-
son's peril.
May be re-
moved if im-
proper.
Churchwar-
dens order the
Ornaments.
Clergyman has
no right to do
so.
But deference
should be paid
to his wishes.
spectly in all matters concerning the Prelacy, where
they do punish for that the Church is not conve-
niently decked, in which case the Spiritual Judge
shall have power to take knowledge, notwithstand-
ing the King's Prohibition."
Therefore if any person venture to add anything
which he may deem an Ornament, he does it at his
peril, and must be prepared to show that what he
adds, " was in use in this Church of England in the
second year of the reign of King Edward VI.," or
else he renders himself liable to ecclesiastical cen-
sures, (p)
For if Ornaments not authorized by law, be placed
in a Church without the consent of the Ordinary, he
may require them to be removed.
The ordering of the Ornaments and Furniture of
the Church belongs to the Churchwardens; and,
where there are none, to those to whom it may have
been by proper authority confided. (/;)
But the Clergyman has no right inherent in
himself, to order the Ornaments or Furniture of the
Church, (p)
And the Bishop of Exeter said on this subject, (p)
in a recent case which was tried before him, " To
the Minister's opinion, indeed, and to his wishes,
in all lawful things, great deference ought to be, and
doubtless always will be shewn. But if he assume
a right which does not belong to him ; if he permit
himself to step beyond the line of his own duty, and
to intrude on the province of others; it becomes him
(jo) See Judgment of Bishop
of Exeter in re Parks Smith
(Clerk), May 28, 1847.
OF THESE GENERALLY.
to be cautious, to the utmost, against venturing on
any act, which, in itself, is even questionable." (s)
If any of the particulars of the Fabric or Utensils, Churchwar-
which either the law, or the nature of the things * e e * a tore
themselves, make necessary to every Church, have Ornaments,
been omitted or let down for any time, the Church-
wardens are empowered to restore them, how many
years soever may have passed since they were last
in use, without any consent of the Parishioners, or
license of the Ordinary ; for the duty of their office
obliges them to do this, (t)
And the Parishioners are bound to provide things Parishioners to
convenient and necessary for the performance of necessary an^f
Divine Service. (M) convenient.
The Inhabitants of every part of the Parish, how- inhabitants of
ever divided, being bound to contribute to the main- pjj,^/
tenance of the Parish Church, and all legal expenses
incident thereto, unless exempted, as in the case of a
District Church, by Act of Parliament, (x)
As to matters of Ornament, a distinction has Distinction as
been taken between Inhabitants of the Parish, and
Occupiers of Land not resident in the Parish, and it
has been said that the non-resident Occupiers are not
rateable for such things, (y)
But Sir Simon Degge is of opinion that this is not Sir Simon
law, for " otherwise," says he, " there would be great
confusion in making several levies, one for the repair
() See per Bishop of Exeter Eliz. 659 ; Jeffrey's case, 5 Rep.
in re Parks Smith (Clerk), May 67 a.
28, 1847. (x) Chesterton . Farlar, -
(0 Prid. 51. 1 Curt. 347.
(u) Paget v. Crompton, Cro. (y) Woodward's case, 3 Mod.
211.
10 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
A further
distinction.
Decision of
Chief Justice
Holt.
The present
pi actice.
of the Body of the Church, and another for the
Ornaments, which I have never observed to be prac-
tised within my knowledge." (z)
A further distinction has also been taken, namely,
that although a person holding Lands in a Parish
wherein he does not reside, is as much chargeable to
the ancient Ornaments of the Church, such as Bells,
Seats, &c., as those who live in the Parish, yet that
such Landholders cannot be charged to new Bells,
Organs, &c. (a)
But in a later case it was held, that although a
person does not reside in the Parish, yet by having
Lands in hand there, he is an Inhabitant and
taxable. Therefore, where a Person under such
circumstances refused to pay a Rate for re-casting
the Bells, on the ground of their being Ornaments ;
Chief Justice Holt held him liable, and said, " If he
be an Inhabitant as to the Church, which is con-
fessed, how can he not be an Inhabitant as to the
Ornaments of the Church ?"(/)
And it seems that at the present time the practice
of making one Church-rate do for all purposes, is
universal and well established, and as a matter of
convenience countenanced both by the Ecclesiastical
and Temporal Courts, (c)
(z) Degge's P. C. Part i.
chap. xii.
(a) Willmot's case, 6 Jac.
B. R. ; Chester's cise, 10 Jac.,
both cited Degges, P. C. part i.
chap. xii.
(b) Woodward v. Makepeace,
1 Salk. 1G4; see also Crews v.
Draper, 1 Bulstr. 20.
(c) See Shaw's Parish Law,
92 ; Prid. 76, 78 ; Chesterton .
Fai-lar, 1 Curt. 347.
OF THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY.
11
CHAPTER II.
OF THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY.
THE FONT 14
Formerly very large id.
Why made of atone id.
Where placed id.
One required in each Church id.
The Water 15
Hoio sanctified id.
How to be disposed of after
Baptism . . . id.
THE ANCIENT ALTAR. ... 16
How used id.
Made of stone or wood .... id.
Decree of the Church .... id.
Altars were sometimes port-
able id.
Assumed the form of Tombs id.
Their state at the Reforma-
tion 17
Bishop Hooper's opinion . . id.
Altars directed to be re-
moved id.
By an Order in Council . . id.
Inquiry in Visitation Ar-
ticles 18
TABLE SUBSTITUTED .... id.
Provision* on the subject . . id.
Recital in Canon of 1 603 . . 19
State of things in 1637 id.
A Stone Communion Table id.
Why prohibited id.
CREDENCE TABLE 20
Definition of the Word id.
A sort of side Table id.
Their introduction into our
Churches id.
Reasons assigned for their
use 21
Their position, in the Greek
and Latin Churches. ... id.
Form no part of our
Churches id.
COMMUNION TABLE
SHOULD BE PLACED IN
CHANCEL 22
As the Great Altar was
for merit/ id.
The place being thought
fall of angels id.
Demolition of the Chancel, id.
Disputes about placing Com-
munion Table id.
Where it is to be placed at
Communion time 23
The place is in the discre-
tion of the Ordinary. . . . id.
Cover for Communion
Table id.
Cover for consecrated ele-
ments 24
When first instituted id.
Its different names ...... id.
12 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
THE COMMUNION PLATE
24
25
id.
id
26
id.
id.
27
id.
id.
28
id.
ill.
id.
id.
29
id.
id.
id.
id.
id.
30
id.
id.
31
id.
id.
id.
id.
32
id.
id.
id.
32
id.
33
id.
id.
id.
34
id-
id.
35
id.
id.
36
id.
id.
id.
37
id.
id.
38
id.
id.
id.
id.
39
id.
id.
id.
id.
40
id.
id.
id.
id.
41
id.
What is a convenient r-
Homily on the subject ....
Reftd'mg Pew with two
Desks
Display of it
THE BREAD AND WINE..
Bread such as is usually
The Falld Stool
Remains of the Bread and
Wine
The Royal Injunctions . . .
Opinion of the Muster of
tlie Temple
Used for what purpose. . . .
Inapplicable to our Com-
Place for reading the Litany
The Clerk's Desk
THE PULPIT
The Pace in
Ordered for preaching
A Iso used for other purposes
Inquiry in Visitation Ar-
ticles
The Osi'tilafory
THE OFFERTORY
Alms to be collected in a
Directions of Canon 83 . .
A Cloth and Cushion ....
Parson has exclusive right
to Pulpit
Who shall collect them ....
How the money is to be dis-
When collected in Chapels
The Strong Client
THE BELLS AND ROPES..
The Passing BM
Poor Money to be kept in it
Clergymen to exhort people
The Death BM
Certain ringing forbid by
the Royal Injunctions . .
Directions in Visitation Ar-
ticles
How to he distributed ....
The Viirl'il'm
Chairs at the Communion
Table
Control of the Bells
THE READING DESK
Directions in the Si-cond
Prayer Book
Ringing for Recreation. . . .
Bier for the dead
Great contentions in conse-
Alteration on the accession
of Qut en Elizabeth ....
Reading Desks allowed . . .
To be provided by Parish .
The Mijtsal
The Grail
The Troper
Inquiry in Visitation Ar-
ticle* ..
The Ordinal . .
OF THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY.
13
DIRECTIONS TO PROVIDE
THE BIBLE 41
Of the. Inrgest Volume .... id-
What is Meant id.
THE VARIOUS PRAYER
BOOKS 42
The pn-sent Prayer Book
to be prodded id.
Translation to be placed in
Welsh Churches 43
Copies of it to be kept .... id.
THE HOMILIES id.
In two Book* id.
Are to I e provided id.
The Ten Commandments. . 44
Chosen Sentences id.
Table of Degrees id.
BOOK FOR BURIALS AND
CHRISTENINGS id.
Tie Parish Register id.
Register of Baptisms, Mar-
riage.*, and Burials .... 45
A separate Book for each. . id.
Where to he kept id.
When they mny be removed 46
Register Book of Banns .. id.
Copy of Marriage Act .. . . id.
Services id.
Book to enter Names of
Preachers 47
VESTURES FORMERLY
PLAIN id.
Change marie when Po/iery
bet/an to prevail id.
Vestures to be used in our
Clnirch id.
THE SURPLICE id.
Is to be white 48
And 7ii ade of Linen id.
Its shape id.
When to be used 49
Canon on the subject id.
T lie Hood id.
By whom worn 49
What to be worn in the
Unictrsitief 50
Directions of the Rubric . . id.
What to be worn in Ca- ,
theilrals n-hen there is no
Communion id.
Vestures firr administering
the Holy Communion . . 51
Canon nn the subject id.
The Albc id.
TheCo t ie 52
The Principal Vestment . . id.
The Choral Cope id.
The Tunule id.
The Rochelte 53
The Bishop's Dress id.
What at Communion time id.
The Pastoral Staff id.
Disputes about Vestures . . id.
S try />e's account 54
Advertisements issued .... id.
Visitation Articles id.
Canons of \ 003 55
Zrt/co/lG62 id.
Ancient practice id.
DISPUTES ABOUT THE
HABIT FOR PREACHING id.
Practice of preaching in a
Surplice id.
Rubric on the subject .... id.
Gown first worn by licensed
Preachers 56
Surplice nercr~ the jnoper
habit of a Prearhi r . . . . id.
Directions of Cation 58 . . id.
Sermon unconnected with
ministering the Sacra-
ments 57
Practice in our Universi-
ties id.
Advertisement* in rtign of
Queen Elizabeth id.
14 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
A distinction made 58
Duty of the Ordinary .... id.
Duty of the Parishioners. . id.
Difference of opinion among
the Bishop* id.
Opinion of Bishop of
Exeter 59
Opinion of Bishop of Wor-
cester 59
Opinion of Bixhop of
London id.
The Cnssock GO
Ministers apparel gene-
rally id.
Formerly very
large.
Why made of
stone.
THE FONT. THE Font is said to derive its name from the fact,
that at the beginning of Christianity Baptism was
performed in springs or fountains, (a)
In primitive times Fonts were very large and
capacious, both on account of the custom of immer-
sion, and clso of the great numbers of people bap-
tized at the same time. There was also a partition
in the middle, so that one part was used for men and
the other for women, (a)
The Font was always made of stone, the reason
for which given by Durandus is, because the water
that typified Baptism in the wilderness flowed from
a Rock, and because Christ, who gave forth the
living water, is in Scripture called the Corner Stone
and the Rock, (i)
Where placed. Fonts were at first built near the Church, (c) then
in the Church porch, and afterwards placed in the
Church itself; but still keeping the lower end, to
intimate, it is said, that Baptism is the entrance into
the mystical Church, (a)
Canon 81 is as follows : " According to a former
Constitution, too much neglected in many places, we
One required in
each Church.
() Wheatly on the Common
Prayer, 290.
( ft ) Wheatly on the Common
Prayer, 290 ; Rational Div.
Offic. Lib. 6, c. 82, num. 25,
fol. 364 ; Exod. xvii. 6.
(c) The ancient Font of Se-
raptoft. Cliurch was, until lately,
in thi- Churchyard, a more mo-
dern one be ng used for Baptism
in the CLurch. 1 Eccli Biologist,
179.
OF THOSE WHICH ARK NECESSARY. 15
appoint that there shall be a Stone Font (d) in every
Church and Chapel where Baptism is to be admi-
nistered ; the same to be set in the ancient usual
places, in which only Font the minister shall bap
tize publicly." (e)
In "the ministration of Public Baptism of Infants The Water.
to be used in the Church," the Rubric directs that
the godfathers and godmothers, and the people with
the children, must, be ready at the Font either im-
mediately al'ter the last lesson at Morning Prayer,
or else immediately after the last lesson at Evening
Prayer, as the Curate by his discretion shall ap-
point. And the Priest coming to the Font (which
is then to be filled with pure water), and standing
there, is to perform the Service.
In our Baptismal Service the "Priest" prays to HOW sanctified.
God to " sanctify this water to the mystical washing
away of sin." This, however, does not mean that the
water in the Font is to contract any new quality in
its nature and essence, and so become holy, but only
that prayer is made to sanctify it in its use. (f)
In the Greek Church particular care is taken How to be dis-
that the water which has been used for Baptism, Baptism. 8
should never be thrown into the street like common
water, but it is passed into a hollow place below the
Altar (called QaKacraibiov or Xwvfeiov), where it soaks
into the earth, or finds a passage. But in our Church
no provision is made as to how the water used in
the Font, is to be disposed of after Baptism, (g)
(d~) Artificial stone would (f) Sec Wheatly on the Corn-
seem to be an impropi r material. mou Prayer, 2.
See 1 Eccle>iolouist, 127. (g) See Wheatly on the Com-
(e) See Gibs. Cod. 360. mon Prayer, 316.
16 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
THE ANCIENT
ALTAR.
How used.
Made of stone
or wood.
Decree of the
Church.
Altars were
sometimes
portable.
Assumed the
form of
Tombs.
" The Altar," as Wheatly tells us, " was the
name by which the holy board was constantly dis-
tinguished for the first 300 years after Christ. And
afterwards the name of Altar and Table came to be
promiscuously used." (A)
And Jeremy Taylor says, that " Altars were the
places where the Christians always performed their
most solemn devotions, and in cases of affliction went
thither to impetrate God's favour." (i)
In the earliest ages of Christianity, the Altars
were indifferently either of Stone or Wood, they
were of various forms, sometimes supported by one
or two pillars, and sometimes by four, (k)
By a Decree of the Church, however, it was
declared that they could only be made of the mate-
rial of Stone, and that they were to be fixed and
hnmoveable. (k)
Altars, however, might be portable, and there-
fore moveable, but only when the Bishop was on a
journey from home, at a distance from the Church,
and therefore in a state which made him incapable
of otherwise duly performing the Rites and Cere-
monies of Religion, and it was only under such
circumstances, that this description of Altar was
permitted by order of the Church, as an exception
to the general rule, (k)
It appears that either from the custom, during
the early persecutions of the Church, of using the
(h) Wlieatly on the Common
Prayer, 226.
(i) Jeremy Taylor's Works,
vol. v. p. 329.
(k) See Fau'kner v. Litch-
fiel.l, 3 Eccl. & Mar. cases, 549,
and the various authorities in that
case cited.
OF THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY. 17
Tombs of the Martyrs as Altars, or from the prac-
tice of placing relics there, the Altar came to assume
the form of a Tomb, or of a Sepulchre of the
Martyrs. ( m)
At the time of the Reformation, the Altars in our Their state at
Churches were made of Stone; that they were fixed ^
and. immoveable there can be little doubt, and they
were generally of the form of the Tombs of the
Martyrs, (m)
At the beginning of the Reformation, Bishop Bishop Hoop-
Hooper preached a sermon, in the fourth year of the er ' s P imon -
reign of Edward VI., in which he said, "that it would
do well, that it might please the magistrate, to turn
Altars into Talks, according to the first institution
of Christ; to take away the false persuasion of the
people, which they have of sacrifice to be done
upon the Altars; for as long as Altars remain, both
the ignorant people, and the ignorant and evil per-
suaded Priest, will always dream of Sacrifice" (n)
In this same year, however, Altars were directed Altars directed
to be removed from our Churches, in order to t(
banish as far as possible all superstitious notions
attached to the performance of the Rites of the
Church, including the doctrine of Trunsubstan-
tiation. (m)
Thus, it appears from Cardwell's Documentary By an Order in
Annals, (o) that an Order in Council was issued to C
Bishop Ridley to take down all Altars, and to place
Tables in their stead, and in November 1550, as
appears from Burnet's History of the Reform-
(m) See Faulkner v. Litch- (n) See Heylin's Antidot.
field, 3 Eccl. & Mar. cases, 550. Lincoln, p. 105.
(o) Cardw. Doc. Ann. 89.
C
18 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
Inquiry in
Visitation Ar-
ticles.
TABLE SUB.
ST1TUTED.
Provisions on
the subject.
ation, (p) letters were sent to every Bishop " to
pluck down the Altars," and the High Sheriff of
Essex had been sent down to see Bishop Ridley's
Injunctions performed, (q)
In the Metropolitan Visitation Articles of
Edmund, Archbishop of Canterbury in 1<">76; it is
inquired, " whether in your Churches and Chapels
all Altars be utterly taken down and clean removed,
even unto the foundation, and the place where they
stood paved, and the wall whereunto they joined,
whited over and made uniform with the rest, so as
no break or rupture appear." (q~)
In 1552, the second Prayer Book of King
Edward VI. was published, and the term Altar
having been omitted, the word Table was used in
its place. By the Royal Injunctions of Edward
VI., " all Tables" had been ordered to be taken away
out of the Churches, (r) and therefore the only
Table which, as a matter of right, can be placed in
a Church is the Communion Table, which is ex-
pressly mentioned in the Rubric of Io52.
In the year 1564, appeared what are called
" Advertisements," and one of them (.) is to this
effect: "That the Parish provide a decent Table,
standing on a frame, for the Communion Table ;"(0
and in 1571 the Churchwardens were required, by a
Canon, (u) that a Table made of wood, " mensa
(p) 2 Burnet's Hist. Reform.
p. 2, 30, quoting King Edward's
Journal.
(q) I Cardw. Doc. Ann. 398.
(r) Ibid. 17.
(*) 1 Cardw. Doc. Ann. 292.
(t) Faulkner v. Litchtield,
3 Eccl. & MHP. cases, 559.
(u) I CarUw. Synod. 123.
OP THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY. 19
ex asseribus composite juncta," should be provided for
the service of the Holy Communion, (a:)
These provisions would appear to have been car- Kecital in
ried out, for in the 82nd Canon, headed, "A decent CanOB f 16 8 '
Communion Table in every Church," is the follow-
ing recital, " Whereas, we have no doubt but that in
all Churches within the Realm of England, con-
venient and decent Tables are provided and placed
for the celebration of the Holy Communion."
In 1637, things stood in precisely the same state state of things
as they did in the times of Edward VI. and Queen m 1637 '
Elizabeth; that is, there was a complete annihilation
of the ancient structures, they were no longer im-
moveable, they were no longer of stone ; they were of
wood, and moveable. (y}
A Stone Communion Table which is not moveable A Stone Com-
is not a Communion Table within the intent and munion Table -
meaning of the present Rubric ; and, looking at the
Canons of Ib03 and of 1571, and the Injunctions of
Edward VI. and Queen Elizabeth, there is no doubt
as to the meaning of the word ; that the article was
meant to be a Table in the popular sense of the
word, (z)
The ground on which Stone Fonts are used, and why pro-
Stone Communion Tables proscribed, is obvious. hibited -
Altars were made of stone, and superstitious notions
were connected with the substance of which they
were composed, whereas such superstitious notions
did not attach to the Font. To the former, supersti-
tion attached with relation to the material, and to
(ar) Faulkner v. Litchfield, (y) Ibid. 574.
3 Eccl. & Mar. cases, 563. (z) Ibid. 581.
C 2
20 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
CREDENCE
TABLE.
Definition of
the word.
A sort of Side
Table.
Their intro-
duction into
our Churches.
the latter, no superstition attached on that ac-
count, (a)
The derivation of the word " Credence Table" is
Italian, and it is said to mean, as Archbishop Laud
calls it, a " Sideboard." (6)
In Adelung's German Dictionary we have the
following definition of the word : " Credenzen, verb,
reg. act. from the Italian ^ credenzarc] to taste before-
hand the meats and drink before they are offered to
be enjoyed by another; an ancient Court practice,
which was performed by the cupbearers and carvers,
who for this reason were also called ' Credenzer.'
Hence, also, the Credenz- teller, Credence-plate, on
which the cupbearers credenced the wine ; and, in
general, a plate on which a person offers anything
to another. The Credenz-tische, Credence- table, or
sideboard, an artificial cupboard with a table, for
the purpose of arranging in order and keeping the
drinking apparatus thereon." (//)
This may, perhaps, afford the best authority for
the application of" the term " Credence Table" to
the side-table on which the elements were placed
before consecration. But there is no mention of it
amongst any of the articles which are to be provided
by Churchwardens for the celebration of the Sacra-
ment, (c)
There is no sufficient authority upon which to
judge when Credence Tables were first introduced
into Churches in England. It is clear, however, that
they were in use at the time of Archbishop Laud,
(a) Faulkner v. Litchfield,
3 Eccl. & Mar. cases, 583.
(6) Ibid. 584.
(c) Ibid. 585.
OF THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY. 21
and before Ins time, because he refers to this as one
of the articles of accusation against him, and justifies
himself by representing that this Table had been
used by his predecessors, and, amongst others, by
Bishop Andrews, (d)
The reasons assigned by Archbishop Laud for his Reasons as-
use of it were first, that the Communion Table 3,S^e'
itself was small, so that there was hardly room
enough for the Elements to stand conveniently upon
it ; and io the next place, that he found it in use at
the time he came there, and no exception had been
taken. The Court considered that this was strong
proof of his desire to introduce Popish rites and
ceremonies, though he only persevered in the use of
things used by some of his predecessors, (d)
In the Greek and Latin Churches, the Credence Their position
Table stood at the upper end of the Chancel, above ^L^uT*
the steps. The Altar, which is the greater, stood in Churches.
the middle, between north and south ; and the
lesser, which is called the Prothesis (that is, a Table
either of Proposition or Preparation), stood on the
left side of it, and upon it stood the bread ap-
pointed to be consecrated, until it was offered on
the Altar, (e)
The Credence Table, though it may be in use in Formnopartof
the Greek and Latin Churches, forms no part of ourChurche6 -
the fittings up or Ornaments of our Churches, and
is not to be considered a Communion Table, or part
of a Communion Table, in the proper meaning of
the term, (f)
(d) Faulkner v. Li tch field, cap. 8, p. 113.
3 Eccl. & Mar. ca*e*, 584. (/) Faulkner v. Litchfield,
(f) Antidot. Lincoln, sec. 2, 3 Eccl. & Mar. cases, 587.
22 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
COMMUNION
TABLE
SHOULD BE
PLACED IN
CHANCEL.
As the Great
Altar was for-
merly.
The place
being thought
full of Angels.
Demolition of
the Chancel.
Disputes about
placing Com-
munion Table.
The Communion Table should be placed in the
Chancel ; because the most convenient and decent
place, for the more reverend and orderly receiving
the Holy Communion, is in the Chancel of the
Church, (g}
And the Great Altar, which formerly was erected
to the Saint to whom the Church was dedicated, was
always placed there, as in a more solemn part of the
Church, (h) And no persons, under any circum-
stances, were allowed to approach it, but such as
were in Holy Orders, unless it were the Greek
Emperors at Constantinople, who were allowed to
go up to it to make their offerings, but were imme-
diately to return back again, (i)
And Jeremy Taylor says, " that the Catholike
Fathers alwayes thought the Holy Sept, or the
Altar place, to be full of angels." (k)
Arid where a Church has been partially de-
molished, for the purpose of being rebuilt, Dr.
Lushington says, "If the Altar has been taken
down, there must be a re-consecration." (I) The
learned Judge probably meant, that if so much of
the Chancel be taken down as to make the removal
of the Communion Table necessary, the Church
must be reconsecrated.
After the Review of the Liturgy in the Reign of
Queen Elizabeth, a dispute arose as to whether the
Table placed in the room of the Altar ought to
(gr) The Vicar-General's Re-
port on Canon, A. i>. 1663; 2
Cardw. Doc. Ann. 174.
(h) Lyndw. 252.
(t) Wheatly on the Common
Prayer, 74 ; Cone 1. Trull, can.
69, torn. vi. col. 1174B.
(k) Jeremy Taylor's Works,
vol. v. p. 331.
(0 Turner v. Rector of Han-
well, 1 Eccl. & Mar. cases, 368.
OF THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY. 23
stand Altar-wise, that is, in the same place and
situation in which the Altar formerly stood. The
practice as to this varied, and we find that in some
Churches the Tables were placed in the middle of
the Chancels ; in others, at the east end, next to
the wall ; sometimes endwise, and sometimes at
length, (m)
By the Rubric, " The Table at the Communion Where it is to
time, having a fair linen cloth upon it, shall stand in Communion
the Body of the Church, or in the Chancel, where time -
Morning and Evening Prayer are appointed to be
said." And by Canon 82, it is at such time to be
" placed in so good sort within the Church or
Chancel, as thereby the Minister may be more
conveniently heard of the Communicants, in his
prayer and ministration ; and the Communicants
also more conveniently, and in more number, may
communicate with the said Minister." ()
The placing of the Communion Table, however, is The place is in
at all times left to the judgment of the Ordinary, to
whom it properly belongs to give direction on that
point ; (0) and, being moveable, it is to be either in
the Chancel or Body of the Church, as convenience
requires, according to his discretion. (/?)
By Canon 82, the Communion Table "shall from Cover for
time to time be kept and repaired in sufficient
and seemly manner, and covered in time of Divine
Service with a Carpet of Silk or other decent stuff,
thought meet by the Ordinary of the place, if any
(TO) See Wheatly on the Com- (o) Order of Council, 1633 ;
mon Prayer, 227. 2 Cardw. Doc. Ann. 185.
, (n) Canon 82. (p) See Faulkner r. Litehfield,
3 Eccl. & Mar. cases, 578.
24 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTKNSIL9.
question be made of it, and with a fair linen cloth
at the time of the Ministration, as becometh that
Table." All this is to be done at the charge of the
Parish, and it is to be covered with such Carpet except
when the Holy Communion is to be administered, (q)
Besides the Fair White Linen Cloth cover for the
Table at the Communion time A Fair Linen Cloth
must be provided to cover " what remaineth of the
Consecrated Elements when all have communi-
cated." (r)
Wheatly says, " The institution of it is ascribed
to Eusebius, Bishop of Rome, who lived about the
year 300. And that it was of common use in
the Church in the fifth century is evident, from the
testimony of Isodore Paleusiota, who also observes
that the design of using it was to represent the
body of our Saviour being wrapped in fine linen by
Joseph of Arimathea." (s)
lu the works of the ancient writers, and in the
Scotch Liturgy (where this Rubric first appeared),
it is called the Corporal, from its being spread over
,the Body or Consecrated Bread, (t) and sometimes
also the Pall, (u) for the same reason, (x)
In every Church, certain articles of Communion
Plate are required. Thus the Parishioners must
find at their own charge, the Paten for the bread,
the Chalice, or Cup, for the wine, and a Flagon with
a Lid, which may be a clean and sweet standing
(q) Canon 82.
(r) See Rubric.
() Wheatly on the Common
Prayer, 266 ; and see Gratian
de Const. Dist. 2 ; and Isid.
Pelleus, Ep. 123.
(t) Alcuin de Offic Divin.
(u) Rail. Tungr. rte Can. Obs.
(x) Wheatly on the Common
Prayer, 266.
OF THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY. 25
Pot, or Stoop of Pewter, if not of purer metal,
in which to bring the wine to the Communion
Table, and more than one of these, if neces-
sary, (y)
Mr. Barr, in his Book on Anglican Church Of what ma-
tcriiil
Architecture, says, " The Sacramental Plate, con-
sisting of a Flagon and Chalice for the wine, and
a Paten for the bread, ought to be of silver or gold,
and never of any inferior metal." (z) The material,
however, must depend upon the circumstances of the
Parishioners. For we have seen, by Canon 82,
that there may be a clean and sweet standing Pot,
or Stoop of Pewter.
Thus the Homily against the Peril of Idolatry Homily on the
says, " St Jerome commendeth Exuperius, Bishop of
Tolose, that he carried the Sacrament of the Lord's
Body in a wicker basket, and the Sacrament of his
Blood in a glass, and so cast covetousness out of
the Church ; and Bonifacius, Bishop and Martyr,
as is recorded in the Decrees, testified), that in
old time the ministers used wooden, and not golden
vessels, (a) And Zephirinus, the sixteenth Bishop
of Rome, made a Decree that they should use ves-
sels of glass."
Itappears that in the reign of JamesII., Archbishop Consecration
Bancroft, at the request of Mr. Kettlewell, conse-
crated some Communion Plate for the Church of
Coleshill, of which the latter was Vicar. The Prayer
used on the occasion is preserved, and this, and the
(y) See Rubric ; Lyndw. 252; Architecture, 65.
Canon *20 ; Ayliffe's Parerg. 304. (a) Tit. de consecra, Can. Tri-
(z) Barr's Anglican Church buritn.
26 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
Display of it.
THE BREAD
AND WINE.
How to be
provided.
Service ( Z ) used by Patrick, Bishop of Ely, in
1704, on the consecration of Catherine Hall Chapel,
Cambridge, are the only Forms which appear to
have been used on such occasions, (c)
With regard to the display of the Communion
Plate on the Table, at times when the Holy Com-
munion is not celebrated, the Bishop of Exeter says,
" The display of the Sacramental Plate on the
Lord's Table, a display which is made almost in
every Church where the Plate is worthy of being
displayed, is a harmless and in my opinion a
seemly usage, to decorate the Table of the Lord,
and to testify men's wish to honour God's Service
with the choicest, of his substance." (d)
"The Bread and Wine for the Communion shall
be provided by the Curate and the Churchwardens
at the charge of the Parish." (e)
"The Churchwardens of every Parish, against
the time of every Communion, shall, at the charge
of the Parish, with the advice and direction of the
Minister, provide a sufficient quantity of fine white
(I) See Sermon preached by
John I .on.', B.D., at the conse-
cration of Catherine Hall Chapel,
Cambridge, in 1704 ; Ketile-
well's I. iie, 137, 138.
(c) " Most bless: d God, ac-
cept, we beseech thee, of the
oblation \ve make unto thee of
these vessel-*, which we huml>ly
dedicate to thy service at thy
holy Table ; and as we now
wholly give them up to thy use
in the ministration of tlie Holy
Communion of Christ's body and
blood, so we pray thee to receive
them for tliine own ; preserve
them from being in any way
profaned ; and be njt here set
apart and consecrated by our
om\-e and ministry to thy ser-
vice, let them always continue
to be s> em ploy i-i|, through
Jesus Christ o .r only Lord and
Saviour. Amen."
(d) Bishop of Exeter's Letter,
June 3D, 1843.
(e) Rubric.
OF THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY. 27
Bread, and of good and wholesome Wine, for the
number of Communicants that shall from time to
time receive there, which Wine we require to be
brougbt to the Communion Table in a clean and
sweet standing Pot, or Stoop of Pewter, if not of
purer metal." (/)
"And to take away all occasion of dissension and Breadsnchasia
superstition which any person hath or might have
concerning the Bread and Wine, it shall suffice that
the Bread be such as is usual to be eaten ; but the
best and purest wheat Bread that conveniently may
be gotten. "(^)
" If any of the Bread and Wine remain unconse- Remains of
crated, the Curate shall have it to his own use; but if \yine.
any remain of that which was consecrated, it shall
not be carried out of the Church, but the Priest, and
such other of the Communicants as he shall then
call unto him, shall, immediately after the Blessing,
reverently eat and drink the same." ()
Therefore alms collected in Chapels, as well as in Whon collected
Parish Churches, during the reading of the Offer- in Ch ' d ^ h -
tory, are at the disposal of the Incumbent of the
Parish and the Churchwardens, and not of the Mi-
nister or Proprietors of the Chapel, (q)
"The Churchwardens shall provide and have a The strong
strong Chest, with a hole in the upper part thereof, Chest -
to be provided at the charge of the Parish (it there
(n) Johns. (p) Rubric.
(o) Aylifl'e's Parerg. 394. (q) Moysey t>. Hillcout, 2
Hay, 56.
30 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
be none such already provided), having three Keys,
of which one shall remain in the custody of the
Parson, Vicar, or Curate, and the other t\vo in the
custody of the Churchwardens for the time being;
which- Chest they shall set and fasten in the most
convenient place, to the intent the Parishioners may
put in their Alms for their poor neighbours." (q)
Poor Money to It was enacted bv 27 Henry VIII., that money col-
be kept in it. . , i * . i t i
lected tor the Poor should be kept in the common
Coffer or Box, standing in the Church of every
Parish, (r)
Clergymen to " And the Parson, Vicar, or Curate shall dili-
ent ty fr m time to time, and especially when men
make their testaments, call upon, exhort, and move
their neighbours to confer and give, as they may
well spare, to the said Chest ; declaring unto them
that whereas heretofore they have been diligent to
bestow much substance otherwise than God com-
manded, now they ought to be much more ready to
help the poor and needy, knowing that, to relieve
the poor is a sacrifice \vhich plcaseth God ; and that
also whatsoever is given for their comfort is given
to Christ himself, and is so accepted of him, that he
will mercifully reward the same." (q)
How to be dk- " The which Alms and devotion of the people, the
keepers of the keys shall yearly, quarterly, or oftener
(as need required)), take out of the Chest and dis-
tribute the same in the presence of most of the Pa-
rish, or of six of the chief of them, to be truly and
faithfully delivered to their most poor and needy
neighbours." (7)
(y) Canon 84. (r) 27 Hen. VIII. cap. 25.
OP THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY. 31
The Sedilia are usually niches with Stone Seats, The Sedilia.
varying in number from one to five, and placed in
the wall on the South side of the Chancel. Mr.
Poole says, that they " are provided for the Clergy-
men assisting at the Holy Eucharist, as the Chair
at the North side is for the consecrating Priest." (.)
The present practice, however, is to have Chairs Chairs at the
at the Communion Tal>le. And Mr. Barr says,
that " the Seats for the Clergymen may be rendered
very ornamental, by appropriate carving." (t)
The Reading Desk was not known in our Churches THE READING
during the early years of the Reformation. It is DKSK -
not mentioned in the Injunctions of King Edward
VI., nor in those of Queen Elizabeth, nor in any
Canons or Visitation Articles before the Canon of
1603, (u) and there it is called a Seat, (x)
The first Rubric in the second Prayer Book of Directions in
TT-- -f i i IT, "-.-. . i the Second
King Edward \ I. ordered that the Minister do p, a yerBook,
turn him in reading Prayers, as that the people may-
best hear him. And in case of any controversy, the
matter was to be referred to the Ordinary, and he or
his Deputy was to appoint the Place, (y)
It appears that, in consequence of this, great con- Great con-
tentions arose, some kneeling one way, and some consequence,
another, though still keeping in the Chancel ; while
others left the accustomed place, and performed all
the services in the Body of the Church among the
people, (z)
(*) Poole on Church Archi- (ar) Canon 82.
tecturc, 152. (y) Rubric before the begin-
(t) Barr on Anglican Church ninjr of Morning Prayer, in
Architecture, 42. Second Prayer Book of Edw. VI.
(tt) St-e Bishp of London's (z) \Vheatly on the Common
Charge, October, 1842. Prayer, 93.
32 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
Alteration on
the accession
of Queen
Elizabeth.
Reading: Desks
allowed.
To be provided
by Parish.
Inquiry in
Visitation
Articles.
Order as to
place.
What Is a con-
venient ar-
rangement.
On the accession of Queen Elizabeth, the Rubric
was altered to the form in which it now stands,
namely, " That the Morning and Evening Prayer
shall bo used in the accustomed place of the Church,
Chapel, or Chancel."
It appears that, in consequence of the difficulty of
being heard distinctly from the Chancel, the practice
became universal of having, by License of the Ordi-
nary, Desks or Reading Pews in the Body of the
Church ()
Thus by Canon 82 it is provided that "a conve-
nient Seat" be made at the charge of the Parish,
for the Minister to read Service in.
In Archbishop Bancroft's Visitation Articles of
1605, it is inquired, " Whether have you a con-
venient Seat, for your Minister to read Service
in;" (b) and the same inquiry is made in Arch-
bishop Abbot's Visitation Articles of 1616. (c)
And in Bishop Wren's Directions, given in the
Diocrse of Norwich in A.D. 1636, it is ordered
"That the Minister's Reading Desk do not stand
with the brick towards the Chancel, nor too remote
or far from it," (d) and this shews that, in that
Diocese, the Reading Desk must have been placed
in the Body of the Church.
An arrangement is now adopted in several
Churches, which the Bishop of London considers
to be very convenient. The Reading Desk is
placed near the East end of the Church, and the
Clergyman looks towards the South while reading
(a) Seo Wheatly on the Com-
mon Prayer, 93.
(b) 1 Cardw. Doc. Ann. 110.
(c) Ibid. 1CD.
(d) 2 Cardw. Doc. Ann. 257.
OF THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY. 33
Prayers, and towards the West while reading the
Lessons, (e)
Wheatly states that it is customary in some Reading Pew,
Parish Churches for the Reading Pews to have two with t> D k
Desks,(y ) one for the Bible, looking towards the body
of the Church to the people ; another for the Prayer
Book, looking towards the East, or upper end of
the Chancel, (g)
And in other Churches, the place for reading the The Lectern.
Lessons is a sort of stand or moveable Desk, called
the Lectern (Lecturniurri). Thus in the statutes of
St. Paul's, London, it is said, " Tune major presbyter
redeat ad lecturnium, incepturus quod incumbit" &c.(A)
It is said that, previously to the great Rebellion, Eagle Desks.
most village Churches possessed their own Eagle
Desk or Lectern, whence the Lessons were read to
the people. In some instances they were made of
brass, in others of wood ; and Eagles were usually
adopted, as symbolizing the angel flying through
the midst of heaven, "having the everlasting Gospel
to preach." (i)
They have, however, almost entirely disappeared; Seldom used.
and of those in existence, few are now used. Thus
in the accounts of Trinity College, Cambridge, from
1580 to 1710, among the extraordinaries, there
appears a distinct payment to different servants for
" skowering," or "looking after, the brassen deske";
(e) See Bishop of London's Prayer, 121 ; See Sparrow's Ra-
Charge, October 1842. tionale on the Book of Common
(/) In the Church of Drayton, Prayer.
Beauchamp, Bucks, there are (A) Statuta Eccl. Paul. Loud.
still two Desks in the Reading MSS. fol. 44.
Pew. See Gloss. Arch. (i) I Ecclesiologist, 173 ;
(g) Wheatly on the Common Rev. xiv. 6.
34 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
The Failed
Stool.
"VVheatly's
opinion.
The Royal
Injunctions.
from 1711 to 1722, the item is for "cleaning the
chapell deske" ; but since the last date these items
have disappeared, and nothing is now known of the
existence of this " brassen deske." (K)
It is said by a recent writer, that, " in strictness,
the Churchwardens ought to provide a low Desk,
anciently called the Failed Stool, to be placed in the
midst of the Church, before the Chancel door, at
which the Litany is to be said or sung." (7)
Wheatly also is of the same opinion, and says,
" The word Litany, as it is explained by our present
Liturgy, signifies a general supplication. Such was
the fifty-first Psalm, which may be called David's
Litany. Such was the Litany of God's appointing
in Joel, (m) where, in general assembly, the Priests
were to weep between the Porch and the Altar, and to
say, Spare thy people, O Lord : in allusion to which
place, our Litany, retaining also the same words, is
enjoined, by the Royal Injunctions still in force, (n)
to be said or sung in the midst of the Church, at a
low Desk, before the Chancel door, anciently called
the Failed Stool." (o)
On referring to these Injunctions, (p) none of
which however have now the authority of Parlia-
(ft) An Eagle Desk was, in
1840, put up in the Chapel of
St. John's College, Cambridge.
And there is now in the Great
Exhibition a very beautiful brass
one, which has been made by Cot-
tingham for Hereford Cathedral.
(Z) Prideaux's Duties of
Churchwardens, 44.
(TO) Joel ii. 17.
(n) Injunctions of Edw. VI.
and of Queen Elizabeth, A.D.
1559, Sparrow's Collect. 8, 72.
(o) Wheatly on the Common
Prayer, 140 ; and see Barr's
Anglican Church Architecture,
60; Poole on Church Archi-
tecture, 132.
(p) 1 Cardw. Doc. Ann. 15,
219.
OF THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY. 35
ment, we find the following directions given in
those of Queen Elizabeth, (q) " Immediately before
the time of commencing of the Sacrament, (r) the
Priests, with others of the Quire, shall kneel in the
midst of the Church, and sing or say, plainly and
distinctly, the Litany which is set forth in English,
with all the suffrages following, to the intent the
people may hear and answer ; and in Cathedral or
Collegiate Churches the same shall be done in such
places, and in such sort, as our Commissioners in
our visitation shall appoint."
The Master of the Temple, in his Pamphlet, (5) Opinion of th
says, "Fold Stools, also, and small Desks for the
officiating Clergyman to stand and kneel before,
seem not quite consistent with the 82nd Canon,
which appoints that in all Churches a convenient
Seat shall be made for the Minister to read Service
in."
In our Prayer Book, nothing is stated as to the Place for read-
place where the Litany is to be sung or said ; and
therefore the Minister, if any doubts arise in prac-
tice, must apply to the Bishop of the Diocese, who
will use his discretion, and probably order the
accustomed place to be continued.
In most of Churches there is a Seat below the The Clerk's
Reading Desk, from which the Parish Clerk, usually
an illiterate man, in a slovenly manner, reads the
Responses. This custom, which had its origin when
the Clerk, as his name imports, was a literate man,
(q) 1 Cardw. Doc. Ann. 219. (*) Rubrics and Canons of the
(r) Called "High Mass" in Church of England, considered
the Injunctions of Ed ward VI. ; by Christopher Benson, M.A.,
see 1 Cardw. Doc. A^ i T- i i
shall be set up at the charge or the Parish, upon the
East end of every Church and Chapel, where the
people may best read and see the same." (A)
" And other chosen sentences shall at the like
charge, be written upon the walls of the said
Churches and Chapels, in places convenient." (h)
The Table of Degrees of Marriage prohibited,
" shall be in every Church publicly set up, and
fixed at the charge of the Parish." (i)
The Church Book for Burials and Christenings
was begun to be kept in the 30th year of the
reign of King Henry VIIL, at the instance of Lord
Cromwell. (A)
And it is ordered by Canon 70, that, " in every
Parish Church and Chapel within this Realm, shall
be provided one Parchment Book at the charge of
the Parish, wherein shall be written the day and
year of every Christening, Wedding, and Burial,"
within the Parish, " and for the safe keeping
thereof, the Churchwardens, at the charge of the
Parish, shall provide one sure Coffer, with three
locks and keys, whereof the one to remain with
the Minister, and the other two with the Church-
wardens severally." (/)
(h) Canon 82.
(t) Ibid. 99.
(i) See under Title " Church
and Churchwardens," 3 Salk.
85; Noy. 145.
(I ) Canon 70, and see the
directions there given.
OF THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY. 45
Registers of public and private Baptisms, Mar- Register of
riages, and Burials, solemnised according to the ? ptl . sin8 '.
rites of the Established Church, are to be made Burials.
and kept by the Rector, Vicar, Curate, or officiating
Minister of every Parish or Chapelry where those
ceremonies may be performed, " in Books of Parch-
ment, or of good and durable paper, to be provided
by his Majesty's Printer as occasion may require,
at the expense of the respective Parishes or Cha-
pelries," and these are to be printed, numbered, and
arranged as the Act specifically directs, (m)
Each Register is to be kept in a separate A separate
Book, (ri) and it was ordered that immediately after E
the passing of the Act, the King's Printer was to
transmit to each Parish a printed copy of the Act
and Register Books, adapted to the forms therein
prescribed. ( o )
In these several Books the various entries are to be Where to be
made, and it is enacted that these, " and all Register
Books heretofore in use, shall be deemed to belong to
every such Parish or Chapelry respectively, and
shall be kept by, and remain in, the power and
custody of the Rector, Vicar, Curate, or other offi-
ciating Minister of each respective Parish or
Chapelry as aforesaid, and shall be by him safely
and securely kept in a dry, well painted iron chest,
to be provided and repaired as occasion may require,
at the expense of the Parish or Chapelry, and which
said Chest, containing the said Books, shall be con-
stantly kept locked in some dry, safe, and secure
place within the usual place of residence of such
(m) 52Geo. III.cap.146, s. 1. (o) Ibid. a. 2.
(n) Ibid. s. 3.
46 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
When they
may be
removed.
Register Book
of Banns.
Copy of
Marriage Act.
Terriers.
Rector, Vicar, Curate, or other officiating Minister
(if resident within the Parish or Chapelry), or in the
Parish Church or Chapel, (p )
And these Books are not to be taken out of this
Chest, at any time or for any cause whatever, except
for the purpose of making certain entries, or for the
inspection of persons desirous of making a search or
obtaining copies from them, or to be produced as
evidence in some Court of Law or Equity, or to
be inspected as to their state, or for some of the
purposes of the Act. After which the Books
are immediately again to be deposited in the
Chest, (p)
" The Churchwardens and Chapelwardens of
Churches and Chapels wherein Marriages are so-
. lemnized, shall provide a proper Book of substantial
Paper, marked and ruled respectively in manner
directed for the Register Book of Marriages, and
the Banns shall be published from the said Register
Book of Banns by the officiating Minister, and not
from loose papers ; and, after publication, shall be
signed by the officiating Minister, or by some person
under his direction." (q)
A printed Copy of the Marriage Act, 4 Geo. IV.
cap. 6, transmitted to the Minister after the passing
of the Act, is to be kept with the Book containing
the Marriage Register of such Parish or Chapelry,
in the Chest or Box provided for the custody of the
same, (r)
It may be convenient to keep in the Church
(j?) 52 Geo. III. cap. 146, 8. 5.
(?) 4 Geo. IV. cap. 76, s. 6.
(r) Ibid. s. 32.
OP THOSE WHICH ARE NECESSARY. 47
Chest an exemplified copy of the Terrier of Glebes
Lands, &c., required by Canon 87. (s)
" That the Bishop may understand (if occasion so Book to enter
require) what Sermons are made in every Church of poachers.
his Diocese, and who presume to preach without
License, the Churchwardens and Sidemen shall see
that the Names of all Preachers, which come to
their Church from any other place, be noted in a
Book, which they shall have ready for that purpose ;
wherein every Preacher shall subscribe his Name,
the Day when he preached, and the Name of the
Bishop of whom he had License to preach. "()
The Vestures used in the Church in old time were VESTURES
plain and simple, and there was nothing costly, (u) p^y*
But when Popery began to prevail, a great Change made
change was made, and Rabanus (#) declares, at con- ^ e he a ^ P t o pery
siderable length, that the costly and manifold furni- prevail,
ture of Vestments afterwards used in the Church,
was " fetched from the Jewish usages, and agreeth
with Aaron's apparelling altogether." (u)
We shall now consider the different Vestures in Vestures to be
our Church, which " shall be retained and be in J s h e ^ our
use," and they are such " Ornaments of the Minis-
ters thereof, at all times of their ministration, as
were in this Church of England, by the authority of
Parliament, in the second year of the reign of King
Edward VI." (^)
The word Surplice is derived from the Latin word THE
superpelliceum, and, according to Durandus, is so
(*) God. Append. 12; Burns 's Peril of Idolatry,"
Eccl. Law, tit. " Terrier." ()
Nor can any ecclesiastical jurisdiction enjoin it And they are
on them, or legally require it to be done; but the never been in
things become then of the same nature in law as if the Church.
they had never been in the Church at all. (p)
For instance, the Rails at the Communion Table AS for instance
are said not to be required by law in any Church,
(I) Newson v. Baldwry, M. 1 Alexander III. A.D. 1180; 2 Table.
Anne, Far. 70 ; 1 Burns's Eccl. Inst. 653 ; Prid. 52.
Law, 368. (n) 20 Hen. VI. fol. 17.
(ra) Epistle Decretal of Pope (o) 2 Inst. 65.
O) Prid. 52.
F 2
68 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
Erection of
such Rails.
What consent
and license is
necessary.
Application
for a Faculty.
and the consent of the Parish and Rector, and the
license of the Ordinary, being necessary for their
first erection, they cannot, after 40 years' disuse, be
again restored without the same consent and license,
to authorize the Churchwardens so to do, and to
levy a Rate for it upon the Parish, (q)
Therefore, though it be very decent and fitting
that there should be Rails in every Church to keep
from profanation the Communion Table, at which
the highest mystery of our holy religion is cele-
brated, yet, as this matter is sometimes disputed, the
Churchwardens, before attempting to erect Rails,
should take the requisite preliminary steps legally
to justify themselves in so doing, (g)
But if the new erection be in the Chancel, the
leave of the Rector is also necessary, as the Chancel
belongs to him ; and therefore, if the Church-
wardens set up any new Seat in the Chancel, (r) or
place Rails at the Communion Table, they must not
only have the consent of the Parish, but also the
leave of the Rector and the License of the Ordinary,
before it can legally be done, (s)
After a majority of the Vestry has decided in
favour of the proposed addition or alteration, an
application is made to the Ordinary for a Faculty,
and he calls on all persons having a right, to show
cause why it should not be done, and hears and
determines on the force of any objections that may
be made against it. (t)
(q) Prid. 53.
(r) As to Seats in the Chancel,
see " Oliphant's Law of Pews and
Prohibition."
0) 1 Prid. 50.
(#) Per Sir W. Scott Bardin v.
Edwards, 1 Hag. CC. 14.
OF THOSE UNNECESSARY OR SUPERSTITIOUS. 69
In all cases of this kind, the intimation goes out Effect of ob-
to all persons, and therefore every one not appear-
ing to object, must be regarded as consenting, by
virtue of the Notice, and also of the representative
character of the Churchwardens who apply for the
Faculty. (M)
It is the bounden duty of the Ordinary never to Faculty for
grant a Faculty for expensive alterations in any ^rations.
Church, which are professed not to be paid by a
Church Rate, unless the Judge has before him the
most ample security, that the funds will be otherwise
provided for, than by the Parish, (u)
In the case of Hoop and Clark, Churchwardens of Case followed,
Chesterfield, v. the Vicar and Parishioners of Ches-
terfield, (x) which has since been followed as a
precedent, the Judge would not allow the Faculty
to pass till the parties who made the application
gave a Bond for 3,200Z., with sureties for the per-
formance of the intended alterations, and the re-
pairing and the refitting of the Parish Church of
Chesterfield, and for the payment of all expenses
attending the same, without making any Rate or
Assessment on the Parish in respect thereof; and
the Judge further directed that a clause should be
inserted in the Faculty, providing that the Pa-
rishioners should not be liable to any expenses
incurred in respect of such repairs and alterations.
And, indeed, a Faculty does not enjoin the raising Faculty does
not enjoin a
Rate.
(u)Churchwardens of St. John's, of Chesterfield, Arches, Dec. 21,
Margate, v. Parishioners, 1 Hag. 1841. And see Hopton v. Minis-
CC. 200. ter, &c., of Kemerton, 6 Eccl. &
(x) Churchwardens of Chester. Mar. Cases, 83.
field v. The Vicar & Parishioners
70 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
Costs of the
application.
ORGAN?.
The old ones
small.
Necessary or
ornamental.
of any Rate ; and if it is found a burthen, it may be
removed by another Faculty, (y)
The Costs of an Application for a Faculty are in
a special manner in the discretion of the Court, and
where it meets the justice of the case, no order will
be made for Costs, so that each party will have to
pay their own Costs. (2)
The early Christians appear to have been unac-
quainted with the use of Organs ; and it is not
clearly known at what time they were first introduced
into Churches. It appears that about the year 766,
Constantius Copronymus, Emperor of Constanti-
nople, sent one as a present to Pepin of France, (a)
And Wheatly says, " it is certain that the use of
them has been very common now for several hun-
dreds of years, Durandus mentioning them several
times in his books, but giving no intimation of their
novelty in Divine Service." (b)
The old Organs were much smaller than those
now in use, were of a different construction, and
were called Regals. They were greatly enlarged
in the fifteenth century, since which time numerous
improvements have gradually been made, (c)
It is difficult in some cases to distinguish whether
an addition to the Service of the Church is to be
deemed necessary or ornamental ; and Organs in
(y) Per Sir \V. Scott. Church-
wardens of St. John's, Margate, v.
Parishioners, 1 Hag. CC. 202.
(z) Hopton . Minister, &c.,
of Kemerton, 6 Eccl. & Mar.
Cases, 90.
(a) Aventin, Annal. Bojorum,
Tib. III. fol. 300 ; Gregory's
Posthumous Works, 49.
(b) Wheatly on the Common
Prayer, 114.
(c) Barr's Anglican Church
Architecture, 68.
OF THOSE UNNECESSARY OR SUPERSTITIOUS. 71
some Churches may be necessary, though in others
only ornamental, (d)
In Collegiate and Cathedral Churches they would in Collegiate
be deemed necessary, and the Ordinary might com- churches! *
pel the Dean and Chapter to erect an Organ, as
proper and necessary for the Service usually per-
formed in such places.
In Parish Churches it would be otherwise, and In Parish
though Organs in such places are not to be dis- Churche8 -
couraged, it would depend on the circumstances of
the Parish, what judgment the Court would form on
each particular case, (e)
A Faculty is required for the erection of an Or- Erection of an
gan, and a Faculty is not granted by the Ordinary, rgan
without a decree with intimation, in order that any
of the Parishioners may object; on which objection
the Court, considering the circumstances of the case,
is to decide. (/)
However, the consent or desire of the Parishioners Consent of
does not bind the Ordinary ; for the consent may be Parishionei>s -
imprudently given, and contrary to the interests of
Religion. (/)
The Parishioners are, in the first instance, the Whoareprimd
best judges of the inconvenience, and the remedies fudges. C
for that inconvenience ; and the Court will not
lightly presume that a majority would authorize or
willingly incur an unnecessary expense. (y legacy,
so far incorporated by operation of law, as to be
capable of taking and holding Money or Goods by
gift, legacy, &c., to the use of the Parish, and for
the benefit of the Church, (r)
And if a Pecuniary Legacy be given to a Parish Application
Church, it does not belong to the Rector or Vicar,
but to the Churchwardens for the Repair of the
Church, and the improving and adorning the
same, (s)
The Churchwardens are a Corporation by cus- Churchwar-
tom, to sue and be sued for the Goods of the JjJJJS
Church ; and they may purchase Goods, but not the goods.
Lands, except it be in London by custom, (f)
A Churchwarden may have an action of trespass, May have
for taking the Goods of the Parish, as they are in
his custody, (u)
So if a man take the Organ out of the Church, the As the Organ,
Churchwardens may have an action of trespass against
(q) The Second Tome of Homi- (#) Jones 439 ; Cro. Car. 532 ;
lies. 4 Vin. 525 m. ; 1 Ld. Ruegm.
(r) See Grant on Corporations, 337 ; Co. Lit. 3.
600; 2 P. Wins. 125. (u) Rex . Rees, 12 Mod.
(s) Attorney-General . Ruper, 116.
2 Williams, 125.
102 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
Their succes-
sors may
maintain the
action.
How the
damage
should be
laid.
Alienation
under the
Civil Law.
Under the
Law of
England.
him, because the Organ belongs to the Parishioners.,
and not to the Parson, (x)
If the Churchwardens for the time being, neglect
to bring an Action, for any of the Goods of the
Church taken away, their Successors may bring
trespass for them in respect of their Office, (i/) and
this view is confirmed in another case by Sir Joseph
Jekyll, Master of the Rolls, (z)
But in declaring for such trespass, the new Church-
wardens must say, ad damnum Parochianorum, not ad
damnum ipsorum. (a)
By the Civil Law, the Goods belonging to a
Church were forbidden to be alienated or pawned,
unless for the redemption of captives, for relief
of the poor in time of great famine and want, or
for paying the debts of the Church, if a supply
could not be otherwise raised, or upon other cases of
necessity or great advantage in the Church. And
in every alienation the cause was to be first exa-
mined, and the Decrees of the Prelate intervene,
with the consent of the whole Clergy or Chapter, (b)
By the Law of England, however, the Goods
belonging to a Church may be aliened ; but the
Churchwardens alone cannot dispose of them. The
consent of the Parish must be had because they are
their Goods, and also the License of the Ordinary,
because they appertain to holy things, of which he
has the care and ordering, (c)
(or) Buckside's Case, 1 Rol.
Abr. 393.
(y) Churchwardens of Fother-
ston's Case, 1 Leon. 177.
(2) Attorney General r. Ruper,
2 Williams, 126.
(a) Hadman v. Ringwood, 3
Croke, 179.
(b) Wood's Civil Law, 142.
(c ) See Prid. 123.
OF THE PROPERTY IN THEM. 103
Thus, for instance, if the Churchwardens would Certain con-
sell an old Bell towards other Repairs, or put off 8entsnece8sai y-
old Communion Plate to buy New, or dispose of
any other of the Goods of the Church, although to
the use of the Parish, they cannot do it without the
consent of the Parish, and the License of the Ordi-
nary. (e)
Should any such goods be disposed of without Or the trans-
consent of the Parish, the whole transaction is void a
in law. (d)
But if the Churchwardens shall, with such con- Church-
sent, have sold any of the Church Goods, they must
of course account for the proceeds to the Parish.
But though the Goods of the Church belong to Parishioners
the Parishioners, it has been held that they cannot a^act^Sfr
have an action against the Churchwardens, for waste.
wasting any of them, (e)
The Parishioners, in such case, must make new But must
Churchwardens, and though a Parish prescribe to Church 6
choose two Churchwardens, who shall continue in wardens.
office for two years, yet the Parish may, notwith-
standing the prescription, remove such Church-
wardens at their pleasure, and choose new ones.
For the Parish might suffer great loss, if the
Churchwardens should continue so long in office,
contrary to their will, for in that time they might
waste all the Parish Goods belonging to the
Church. (/)
And the succeeding Churchwardens may have an Who may
sue their
predecessors.
(d) Prid. 124. Wats. 400 ; 1 Danv. Abr. 788
(e) Bro. " Corporations," 56 ; 2 Cro. 845.
(/) 13 Coke, 70 ; Wats. 400.
104 LAW OF CHURCH ORNAMENTS AND UTENSILS.
Decision on
the subject.
What held to
be sufficient
excuse.
Taking away
Church goods.
Church-
wardens cannot
be indicted.
Even for
stealing the
Bell ropes.
action against their predecessors for the Goods of
the Parish. (y}
And indeed it has been held, that Churchwardens
de facto may maintain an action against a former
Churchwarden, for money received by him for the
use of the Parish, though the validity of their
election to the office be doubtful, and though they
be not his immediate successors. (A)
But the Churchwardens and Parishioners, may
agree to take down a ruinous Bell, and deliver it
to a Bell founder, and promise to pay him a
certain sum for recasting it, giving him liberty to
retain it till the Money be paid. And such
Agreement was held to excuse the Churchwardens,
in a Writ of Account brought against them by their
Successors, (z)
It is said, that he who takes away the Goods
of a Chapel or Abbey, in time of vacation, may be
indicted, in the first case, for stealing, bona capella,
being in the custody of such and such ; and, in the
second, for stealing, bona domus et ecclesice, fyc. (It)
The Churchwardens may be punished in the Ec-
clesiastical Courts, but not indicted for misconduct
with respect to Property belonging to them as
Churchwardens. (Z)
Therefore, an Indictment for Larceny cannot be
supported against a Churchwarden, for stealing the
( Readings for Lent 14
Montgomery's Poetical Works - - 20 Robinson's Lexicon of the Greek Testa-
Moore's Irish Melodies - 21
mcnt -------24
,, LallaRookh .... 21
Schomberg's Theocratic Philosophy - 25
,, Poetical Works .... 20
Shepherd's Church of Rome - -Do
Songs and Ballads ... 20
Sinclair's Journey of Life - 26
Shakspeare, by Bowdler - - - - 26
,, Popish Legends - S6
's Sentiments and Similes - 13
Southey's Poetical Works ... 27
,, British Poets - 28
Swain's English Melodies ... 28
Smith's (J.) St. Paul's Shipwreck - - 27
,, (S.) Lectures on Moral Philosophy 2(i
Southey's Life of Wesley - - - 27
Stephen's (Sir J.) Essays in Ecclesiastical
Thomson's Seasons, illustrated - .30
Watts's Lyrics of the Heart - - 32
Winged Thoughts ----- 22
Taylor's (Her. C.B.) Margaret - - 30
,, ., Lady Mary - - :.u
Taylor's (J.) Thumb Bible ... 30
(Isaac) Loyola - 30
Political Economy and
Statistics.
TomVine's Introduction to the Bible . 31
Turner's Sacred History - - - 31
Willoughby's (Lady) Diary - - 32
Caird's English Agriculture - 7
Francis's Bank of England - - - 10
English Railway - - - 10
Rural Sports.
Stock Exchange - 10
Laing's Denmark and the Duchies - -14
Blaine'sDlctionaryof Sports - - 6
Notes of a Traveller - - - 14
Cecil's Stud Farm ..... S
Lindsay's Navigation Laws - - .16
The Cricket Field .----!)
M'Cnlloch'sGeographical, Statistical. and
Ephemera on Angling - - - -JO
Historical Dictionary - - IS
's Boot of the Salmon - - 10
CLASSIFIED INDEX.
Pane
Hawker'sInstructionstoSportsmc
The Hunting Field
London's Lady's Country Compani
Pocket and the Stud
Practical Horsemanship -
Pulmim's Fly-Fishing -
Roiiiild's Fly-Fisher
Stable Talk and Table Talk
The Stud, for Practical Men -
Wheatley's Rod and Line
The Sciences in General
and Mathematics.
Bon
[Engine
:, etc. -
nwall.etc.
Catechism of the Stei
Brando's Dictionary of Scien
DelaBecheon theOeolon of C
,. 's Geologioal'Observer -
De la Rive's Electricity -
HfrBchel's Outlines of Astronomy -
Humboldt's Aspects of Nature
Holland's Medical Physiology
Lardner's Cabinet Cyclopaedia
,, Great Exhibition -
Marvel's Conversations ...
Moseley's Practical Mechanics
,, Engineering and Architecture
Owen's Comparative Anatomy
Peschel's Physics
Phi llipn'sPuli'eozoicFossilsof Cornwall, etc
Portlock's Geoloirv of Londonderry
Smee's Klectro-Metallurgy ...
Steam Engine (Ure), by the Artisan Club
Tate on Strength of Mat -
Kx
i Mechanic
Thomson's School Chemistry
Veterinary RSedicine.
Cecil's Stud Farm -
The Hunting Held -
The Pocket and the Stud i
Practical Horsemanship -
Stable Talk and Table Talk
The Stud for Practical Purpos
Youatt's The Dog -
The Horse
Voyages and Travels.
Chesnev's Euphrates and Tigris
Davis's'China
ESthen -------
Erman's Travels through Siberia -
Forbcs's Dahomev - - - - -
Voroterand Biddiilph's Nniway -
Hue's Tartary, Tliibet, and China -
Humboldt's Asperts of Nature
Jameson's Canada - - - - -
Laing's Denmark - - - - -
Notes of a Traveller -
Lardner's London -
Mackay's English Lakes -
Osborn's Arctic Journal -
Pfeiffcr's Voyage round the World -
Power's New Zealand Sketches
Richardson's Overland Journey
Bovings ill the Pacific -
Seaward's Narrative of his Shipwrec!
Snow's Arctic Voyage -
Traveller's Library ...
\Veruc's African Wanderings -
AN ALPHABETICAL CATALOGUE
NEW WORKS AND NEW EDITIONS
PUBLISHED BY
MESSRS. LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, AND LONGMANS.
MISS ACTON, MODERN COOKERY-BOOK.
Modern Cookery in all its Branches, reduced to a System of Easy Practice. Forthe use of
Private Families. In aSeriesof Practical Receipts, all of which have been strictly tested,
and are given with the most minute exactness. ByKliza Acton. New Edition ; with I Hrections
for Carving, and other Additions. Foolscap Svo. with Plates and Woodcuts. /. 6d. cloth.
ADDISON. THE HISTORY OF THE KNIGHTS TEMPLARS,
ByC.G. Addison, of the Inner Temple, Esq.. Barrister-at-Law. Third Edition, corrected
and improved : with Four Lithographic and Three Woodcut Illustrations. Snuare crown
sv,j. lui. (id. cloth.
AIKIN. SELECT WORKS OF THE BRITISH POETS:
From Ben Jonson to Coleridge. With Biographical and Critical Prefaces by Dr. Aikin.
A New Edition ; with additional Selections, from more recent Poets, by Lucy Aikin. Medium
8vo. ISt. cloth.
THE ARTISAN CLUB. A TREATISE ON THE STEAM-
EXGIXE. in its Application to Mines, Mills, Steam Navigation, and Railways. By the
Artisan Club. Edited by John Bourne, C.E. New Edition. With 30 Steel Plates, and
about 350 Wood Engravings. 4to. 27. cloth.
BAILEY. DISCOURSES ON VARIOUS SUBJECTS,
Read before Literary and Philosophical Institutions. By Samuel Bailey, Author of
Essayson the Pursuit of Truth," etc. Svo.8. 6rf. cloth.
BAILEY. THE THEORY OF REASONING.
By Samuel Bailey, Author of "Essays on the Pursuit of Truth," etc. Second Edition.
Svo. /. 6rf. cloth.
JOANNA BAILLIE'S DRAMATIC AND POETICAL WORKS.
Now first collected; complete In One Volume; and comprising the Plays of the Passions,
Miscellaneous Dramas, Metrical Legends, Fugitive Pieces (including several now first pub-
lished), and Ahalya Baee. Uniform with the New Edition of Jamei Moutgomrry't Poetical
WorAn; with Portrait engraved in line by H. Hobinson, and Vignette. Square crown Svo.
21j. cloth ; or 42. handsomely bound in moroccii by Hayday.
NEW WORKS AND NEW EDITIONS
BAINES. THE LIFE OF EDWARD BAIXES,
late M.P. for the Borough of Leeds. By his Son, Edward Bairn-*, Author of "The History
of the Cotton Manufacture." With a Portrait, engraved iu line by Grculbm.h. 8vo. 9.
BALFOUR. SKETCHES OF ENGLISH LITERATURE,
from the Fourteenth to the Present Century. By Clara Lucas Balfour, Author of " Women
of Scripture," "Moral Heroism," etc. Foolscap Svo. 7. cloth.
BAYLDON'S ART OF VALUING RENTS AND TILLAGES,
nd Tenant's Right of Entering and Quitting Farms, explained by several Spe
with He
Valuations; with Remarks on the Cultivation pursued on Soils in different Situ
Kdition, corrected and revised by John Doualdsc
BLACK. A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON BREWING,
Based on Chemical and K.conomical Principles: with Formula; for Public llr
Instructions for Private Families. By William lilack, Practical Brewer. N
with considerable Additions. Svo. 10. fid. cloth.
ELAINE'S ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RURAL SPORTS;
Or, a complete Account, Historical, Practical, and Descriptive, of Hunting, Shooting. Fishing,
Racing, and other Field Sports and Athletic Amusements of the present dav. A New and
thoroughly revised Edition (1852), corrected to the Present Time; -with copious Additions
and Improvements, and numerous additional Illustrations. The Hunting, Racing, and nil
relative to Horses and Horscmnnship, revised by Harry Meaner; Shooting and Fishing hy
Ephemera ; and Coursing by Mr. A. Graham. With upwards of GOO Woodcuts. Svo.iOl.
half-bound.
BLAIR'S CHRONOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL TABLES,
K.xode to the Temple Under the revision of Sir Henry Ellis, K.H* Prim:, pa" "Librarian of
the British Museum. New Edition, with Corrections. Imperial Svo. 31.6d. half-bound
BLOOMFIELD. THE GREEK TESTAMENT:
With copious English Notes, Critical, Philological, and Explanatory. Formed for the use
of advanced Students of Divinity and Candidates for Holy Orders. I!y the Ucv. S. T.
Bloomfield.D.D. F.S.A. New Edition. 2 vols.Svo. with a Map of Palestine, 4l). cloth.
THE REV. DR. BLOOMFIKLD'S ADDITIONAL ANNOTATIONS ON T THK NFAV TES-
TAMKNT: being xSupplement to his Edition of the Greek Testament with Knglish Notes,
in 2 vols. Svn. ho arranged as to he divisible into Two Parts, each of which may be bound
up with the Volume of the Greek Testament to which it refers. Svo. las. cloth.
BLOOMFIELD.-THE GREEK TESTAMENT FOR COLLEGES
AND SCHOOLS ; with shorter English Notes, Critical, Philological, and Explanatory.
Bylhe Rev. S. T. Bloomficld, D.D. New Edition, enlarged, with a New Map and an
Index. Foolscap Svo. Kit. Gd. cloth.
BOURNE.-A CATECHISM OF THE STEAM-ENGINE,
Illustrative of the Scientific Principles upon which its Operation depends, and the Practical
Detail* of its Structure, in its Applications to Mines, Mills, Steam Navigation, and Railways ;
with various Suggestions of Improvement. By John Bourne, C.E. Editor of "The Artisan
Clnb's Treatise on the Steam-Eugiue." Third Kdition, revised aud corrected. Foolscap
Svo. 6>. cloth.
BRANDE. A DICTIONARY OF SCIENCE, LITERATURE,
AND ART: Comprising the History, Description, and Scientific Principles of every
Branch of Human Knowledge : with 'the Derivation and Definition of all the Terms in
general use. Edited by XV.T.Brandc, F.R.S.L. and E.; assisted by Dr. i. Cauvin. A new
and thoroughly revised Edition, corrected to the Present Time. Svo. with Woodcuts.
[In April.
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LONGMAN AND Co.
BULL. HINTS TO MOTHERS.
For the Management of their Health durinz the Period of Preirnaney and in the Lying-in
Room: with an Exposure of Popular Krrorsln connexion with those subjects, etc.; and Hints
upon Nursing. By Thomas Bull, M.D. New Edition, carefully reused and enlarged.
FoolscapSro. 5j. cloth.
BULL. THE MATERNAL MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN.
In HEALTH and DISK.ASK. By Thomas Bnll, M.D. late Physicinn Accoucheur to the
Hiulmrr .Midwifery Institution. New Edition, revised and enlarged. Fcap.8vo.di. cloth.
BUNSEN. HIPPOLYTUS AND HIS AGE ;
Or. Doctrine and Practice of the Church of Rome under Commodus and Alexander Severus.
With an Appendix, conlaininir J. Uernivsii Bonnensis Epistola Critica ad Bunsenium. By
C. C. J. Bunseu, D.C.L. 3 Tols. post 8n. [Nearly ready.
BUNSEN. EGYPT'S PLACE IN UNIVERSAL HISTORY.
An Historical Investigation, i n Five Books. ByC.C. J.Bunsen, D. Ph. and U.C.I,. Trans-
lated from the Germui, by C. H. Cottrell, Ksq.'M.A. Vol.1, containing the First Book, or
Sources and Primeval Facts of Egyptian History; with an Egyptian Grammar and Dictionary,
and a complete List of HicroicKphical Signs ; an Appemlix of Authorities, embracini; the
complete TCI t of Manetho and Eratosthenes, /Kgyptiaca from Pliny, Strabo, etc. , and Plates
representing the Egyptian Divinities. With many Illustrations. 8vo. 28i. cloth.
BISHOP BUTLER'S SKETCH OF MODERN AND ANCIENT
GEOGRAPHY, for the nse of Schools. ;An entirely new Edition, carefully revised through-
out, with such Alterations introduced as continually progressive Discoveries and the latest
Information have rendered necessary. Edited by the Author's Son, the Kev.T. Butler,
Rector of Langar. Svu. 9s. cloth.
BISHOP BUTLER'S GENERAL ATLAS OF MODERN AND
ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY. Comprising Fifty-one full-coloured Maps ; with complete In-
dexes. New Edition, nearly all re-engraved, enlarged, and greatly improved; with Correc-
of which are entirely new. Edited by the Author's Sou, the Rev. T. Butler. Royal 4to.
24. half-bound.
c ., (The Modern Atlas, 28 full-coloured Maps. Hoysl 8vo. 12. half-bound.
ly \The Aneieut Atlas, 23 fail-coloured ilaps. Koyal 8vo. 12j. half-bound.
THE CABINET LAWYER.
A Popular Digest of the Laws of England, Civil and Criminal ; with a Dictionary of Law
Terms, Maxims, Statutes, and Judicial Antiquities ; Correct Tables of Assessed Taxes, Stamp
Duties, Excise Licences, and Post-Horse Duties; Post-Office Regulations, and Prison
Discipline. Fifteenth Edition, with Supplements; enlarged, and corrected throughout:
With the Statutes of the last Session aud Legal Decisions to Michaelmas Term, 14 and 15
Vietoria. Frap. Svu. 10*. Grf. cloth.
CAIRO. ENGLISH AGRICULTURE IN 1850 AND 1851:
Its Condition and Prospects. With Descriptions in detail of the best modes of Husbandry
practised in nearlv every County iu England. By James Caird, of Balitoon, Agricultural
Commissioner of The Tiatn ; Author of " High Farming under Liberal Covenant;,." 8vo.
1-U. cloth.
CARPENTER. VARIETIES OF MANKIND:
Or, an Account of the Distinctive Characters of the principal Races nf Men. By W. B.
Carpenter, M.D., F.R.S., F.G.S.. Examiner iu Physiology in the University of London.
With numerous Engravings on Wood. Being Dr. Carpenter's Article on the Varieties of
Mankind, reprinted, with Alterations and Additions, from " Todd's Cyclopwdia of Anatomy
and Physiology." PotSvo. [/ reparation.
CATLOW. POPULAR CONCHOLOGY;
Or. the Shell Cabinet arranged : being an Introduction to the modern System of Concholoiry;
with a sketch of the Natural History of the Animals, an Account of the Formation of the
Shells, anrt a complete Descriptive List of the Families and Genera. By Agnes Catlow.
With 312 Woodcuts. Foolscap 8vo. 10. 6d. cloth.
3fc=
NEW WORKS AND NEW EDITIONS
CAYLEY. DANTE'S DIVINE COMEDY. THE VISION OF
HELL. Translated in the Original Ternary Ilhyme. By C. B. Caylcy.B.A. Foolscap Svo.
6<. cloth.
CECIL. THE STUD FARM; OR, HINTS ON BREEDING
HORSES FOR THE TURF, THE CHASE. AND THE ROAD. Addressed to Breeders
of Race Horses mid Hunters, Lauded Proprietors, and especially to Tenant Farmers. By
Cecil. With Frontispieces uniform with Harry Hieover's Practical Ilortemanihip . Heap.
Svo. 5i. half-bound.
CHESNEY. THE EXPEDITION FOR THE SURVEY OF
THF, RIVERS EUPHRATES AND TIGRIS, carried on by order of the British Government,
In the Years 1835, 1836, and 1837. By Lieut.-Col. Chesney, R.A. F R.S., Commander of the
Expedition. Vols. I. and II. iu royal Svo., with a coloured Index Map, and numerous Plates
and Woodcuts, 63i. cloth.
Also, an Atlas of Thirteen Charts of the Expedition, price l/.llt. Grf. in case.
.* The entire uork will caniitt nf Fnur Volnmet, royal Son. rmbfllitlti-d vitn \iarty-trven
employed in the Surveys.
CLISSOLD. THE SPIRITUAL EXPOSITION OF THE APO-
CALYFSE, as derived from the Writings of the Hon. Emanuel Swedenborir ; illustrated
and confirmed by Ancient and Modern Authorities. By the Rev. Augustus Clissold, M.A.,
formerly of Exeter College, Oxford. 4 vols. Two Guineas, cloth.
CONVERSATIONS ON BOTANY.
New Edition, improved. Foolscap Svo. with 2i Plates, 7. 6 (i. cloth; with coloured plates ,!".
CONYBEARE AND HOWSON. THE LIFE AND EPISTLES
OF ST. PAUL; Comprising a' complete Biography of the Apostle, and a Paraphrastic
Translation of his Epistles inserted in Chronological or.!er. K.dited by the Rev. W.J.
Conybeare, M.A. late Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ; and the Rev. J. S. Howson,
M.A. late Principal of the Collegiate "Institution, Liverpool. With Engravings on Steel
and Wood of the Principal Place! visited by the Apostle, from Original Drawings made on
the pol by W. H. Bartlett ; and numerous Maps, Charts, Woodcuts of Coins, etc. The
First Volume : with Eighteen Steel Plates, Nine Maps and Plans, and numerous Woodcuts.
4to.28. cloth.
** To form Tao folumei, in count of publication in about Twenty Parti, price 2i. each;
of ickiclt Seventeen are nate ready.
COPLAND. A DICTIONARY OF PRACTICAL MEDICINE.
Comprising General Pathology, the Nature and Treatment of Diseases. Morbid Structures,
and the Disorders especially incidental to Climates, to Sex, and to the different Epochs of
Life, with numerous approved Formulae of the Medicines recommended. ByJames Copland,
M.D., etc. etc. Vols. Land II. Svo. ;(J. cloth; and Parts X. to XV. -lj.6i.each.
CORNER. THE CHILDREN'S OWN SUNDAY-BOOK.
By Miss Julia Corner, Author of " Questions on the History of Europe," etc. With Two
Illustrations engraved on Steel. Square fcau. Svo. at. cloth.
COX. PROTESTANTISM AND ROMANISM CONTRASTED
BY THE ACKNOWLEDGED AND AUTHENTIC TEACHING OK KACH RELIGION'.
Edited by the Rev. John Edmund Cox, M.A., F.S.A.. of All Souls' College, Oxford ; Vicar
of St. Helen's, Bishopsgatc, London. 2 vols. Svo. 28. cloth.
CRESY. AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF CIVIL ENGINEERING,
HISTORICAL, THEORETICAL, and PRACTICAL. Dv Edward Crcsy, F.S.A. C.E.
In One very large Volume, illustrated bv upwards of Three Thousand Engravings on Wood,
explanatory of the Principles, Machinery ,'and Constructions which come under the Direction
of the Civil Engineer. Svo. I!/. 13i. 6rf. cloth.
=&'
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LONGMAN AND Co.
THE CRICKET-FIELD;
Or, the Science and History of the Game. Illustrated with Diagrams, and enlivened with
Anecdotes. By the Author of " Principles, of Scientific Batting," etc. With Two Engra-
vings on Steel; uniform with Harry Weaver's Hunting Field, Fcap. 8vo. 61. hall-bouud.
DALE. THE DOMESTIC LITURGY AND FAMILY CHAP-
LAIN: in Two Parts: the First Part being Church Services adapted for Domestic Use,
with Pravers for every Day of the Week, selected exclusively from the Book of Common
Piavpr 'Part II n ' r at into S i- lion f S 1 tt V It
the Ke'v. Thomas Dale, M.A., Canon-Kesiilentiary of St. Paul's Cathedral. Jd*Editlou!
Pott -Ito. 21 j. cloth; or, bound by Mayday, 'Alt. 6d. calf lettered ; 5(l. morocco.
I- f THE FAMILY CHAPLAIN, price 12. cloth.
'' \THE DOMESTIC L1TUUGY, price 10.Gd. cloth.
DAVIS. CHINA DURING THE WAR AND SINCE THE
PEACE. By Sir J. F. Davis, Bart., late Her Majesty's Plenipotentiary in China j Governor
and Commander-in.Cbicf of the Colony of Hong-Kong. 2 vols. post 8vo. with Maps and
Wood Engravings. [/ the jireti.
DELABECHE. THE GEOLOGICAL OBSERVER.
By Sir Henry T. Delabeche, F.R.S. Director-General of the Geological Survey of the
United Kingdom. In One large Volume, with many Wood Engravings. Svo. ISi. cloth.
DELABECHE. REPORT ON THE GEOLOGY OF CORN-
WALL, DEVON AND WEST SOMEUSET. By Sir Henry T. De la Beche, F.R.S. etc.,
, Director-General of the Geological Survey of the United Kingdom. Published by Order
of the Lords Commissioners of H. M. Treasury. Svo. with Maps, Woodcuts, and 12 large
Plates, 14. cloth.
DE LA RIVE'S WORK ON ELECTRICITY. A TREATISE
ON ELECTRICITY; ITS THEORY AND PRACTICAL APPLICATION. ByA. I)c la
Rive, of the Academy of Geneva. Illustrated with numerous Wood Engravings . J vols. Hvo .
[Jntktpreii.
DENNISTOUN. MEMOIRS OF THE DUKES OF URBINO;
Illustrating the Arms, Arts, and Literature of Italy, from MCCCCXL. to MOCXXX. By
James Dennistoun, of UennUtuuii. With numerous Portraits, Plates, Fac-similes, anil
Engravings on Wood. 3 vol. square crown Svo. '2.1. 8t. cloth.
DISCIPLINE.
By the Author of "Letters to my Unknown Friends," "Twelve Years Aifo," "Some
Passage! from Modern History," and Letters on Happiness." Second Edition, enlarged.
18mo.2.6rf. cloth.
EASTLAKE. MATERIALS FOR A HISTORY OF OIL
PAINTING. By Charles Loi-k Kastlake, Esq. P.K.A. K.Il.S. F.S.A. Secretary to the Uoyal
Commission for 'Promoting the Fine Arts in connexion with the rebuilding of the Houses of
Parliament, etc. Svo. 1G. cloth.
. I'ul. II. On the Italian Practice of Oil Painting, li preparing for publication.
THE ENGLISHMAN'S GREEK CONCORDANCE OF THE
NEW TESTAMENT; being an attempt at a Verbal Connexion between the Greek
and the English Texts : including a Concordance to the Proper Names, with Indexes,
Greek-English and English-Greek. Second Edition, carefully revised; with u new litdex,
Greek and English. Uoyal Svo. 42.
THE ENGLISHMAN'S HEBREW AND CHALDEE CON-
CORDANCE OF THE OLD TESTAMENT; being n attempt at a Verbal Connexion be-
tween the Original and the English Translations: with Indexes, a List of the Proper Name!
and their Occurrences, etc. etc. 2vol. royal Svo. 3l.l3i.Gd. tloth; large paper, 41. Hi. (id.
10 NEW \VOHKS AND NEW EDITIONS
EPHEMERA. THE BOOK OF THE SALMON.
InTwo Parts. Part I. The Theory, Principles, and Practice of Fly-Fishing for Salmon;
with Lists of good Salmon Flies for every good River in the F.mpire. Part II. the Natural
History of the Salmon, oil its known Habits described, and the best way of artificially
Breeding it explained. Usefully illustrated with numerous coloured engravings of Salmon
Flies and Salmon Fry. By Ephemera, Author of " A Hand-Book of Angling:" assisted by
Andrew Young, of Im-ershin, Malinger of the Duke of Sutherland's "Salmon fisheries".
Foolscap Svo. with coloured Plates, !]. cloth.
EPHEMERA. A HAND-BOOK OF ANGLING:
Teaching Flv Fishing, Trolling, Bottom Fishing, and Silmon Fishing. With the Natural
History of River Fish, and the best Modes of Catching them. By Ephemera. New
Edition, enlarged and improved. Foolscap 8vo. with Wood Engravings, 9s. cloth.
ERMAN. TRAVELS IN SIBERIA:
Including Excursions Northwards, down the Obi, to the Polar Circle, and Southwards,
to the Chinese Frontier. By Ailolph Erman. Translated by W. D. Cooley, F.sq. author of
"The History of Maritime and Inland Discovery." 2 vols.Svo. with Map, Sl. Gd. cloth.
FORBES DAHOMEY AND THE DAHOMANS:
Being the Journals of Two Missions to the King of Dahomey, and Residence at his Capital
in the Years 1849 and 185(1. lly Frederick K. Forbes, Comm'aniler, R.N., F.ll.li.S; Author
of "Five Years in China." am'l "Six Mouths in the African Blockade." With 10 Plates
printed in colours, and Wood Engravings. 2 vols. post Svo. 21 j. cloth.
FORESTER AND BIDDULPH. NORWAY IN 1848 & 1849:
Containing Rambles among the Fjelds and Fjords of the Central and Western Districts ;
and including Remarks on its Political, Militarv, Ecclesiastical, and Social Organisation.
By Thomas Forester, Ksq. With Extracts from the Journals of Lieutenant M. S. Biddulph,
Royal Artillery. With a coloured Map, Wood Engravings, and 10 coloured Plates from
Drawings made on the Spot. Svo. 1S. cloth.
FOSS. THE JUDGES OF ENGLAND:
With Sketches of their Lives, and Miscellaneous Notices connected with the Courts at West-
minster from the time of the Conquest. By Edward Foss, F.S.A., of the Inner Temple.
Vols. I. II. 111. and IV. Svo. 66j. cloth.
FRANCIS. THE HISTORY OF THE BANK OF ENGLAND;
Its Times and Traditions. By John Francis. Third Edition. 2 vols. Svo. 21j. cloth.
FRANCIS. A HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH RAILWAY;
Its Social Relations and Revelations. By John Francis. 2 vols. Svo. 24. cloth.
FRANCIS. CHRONICLES AND CHARACTERS OF THE
STOCK EXCHANGE By John Francis. Second Edition. Svo. 12j. cloth.
THE POETICAL WORKS OF OLIVER GOLDSMITH.
Illustrated by Wood Engravings, from Designs by Members of the Etching Club. Edited
by Bolton Corncy, Esq. Uniform with 'I'humson'i Seasons illustrated by the Etching Club.
Square crown Svo. 21j. cloth j or 3C. hound in morocco, by Hayday.
GOSSE. A NATURALIST'S SOJOURN IN JAMAICA.
By P. H.Gosse, F.sq. Author of "The Birds of Jamaica," "Popular British Ornithology,"
ete._With coloured Plates. Post Svo. 14j. cloth.
GRAHAM. ENGLISH; OR, THE ART OF COMPOSITION.
Explained in Series of Instructions and Examples. By G. F. Graham. New Edition, re-
vised and improved. Foolscap Svo. 6j. cloth.
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LOXGMAX AND Co.
GURNEY. HISTORICAL SKETCHES;
Illustrating tome Memorable Kvents anrl Epochs, from A.D. 1400 to A.D. 1'. !',. By the Rev.
John Hainpden Gurney, M.A., Rector of St. Mary's, Mary-le-bone. Fca;i. Svo. 7. 63. half-bound. . ,
HARRY HIEOVER. THE POCKET AND THE STUD;
Or, Practical Hints on the Management i.f the Stable. By Harry Hieover, Author of
" Stable Talk and Table Talk ; or. Spectacles for Young Sportsmen.'" With a Portrait of
the Author on his favourite Horse " Harlequiu." 2d Edition. Foolscap Svo. 65. half-bound.
HARRY HIEOVER. STABLE TALK AND TABLE TALK;
Or, SPECTACLES for YOUNG SPORTSMEN. By Harry Hieover. New Edition. 2vols.
Svo. with Portrait, i4. cloth.
HAWKER. INSTRUCTIONS TO YOUNG SPORTSMEN
In all that relates to Guns and Shooting. By Lieut. Col. P. Hawker. 9th edition, corrected,
enlarged, and improved ; with Eighty-live i'lates and Woodcuts, by Adlard and Branslon,
from Drawings by C. Varley.Dickes.ctc. Svo. 21. cloth.
HAYDN'S BOOK OF DIGNITIES:
Containing Rolls of the Official Personages of the British Empire, Civil, Ecclesiastical,
Judicial, Military, Naval, and Municipal, from the Earliest Periods to the Present Time :
compiled chiefly from the Records of the Public Offices. Together with the Sovereign* of
Europe, from the Foundation of their respective States; the Peerage of England and of
Great Britain ; and numerous other Lists. Being a New Kdition, improved and continued.
of BBATSON'S POLITICAL INDEX. By Joseph Haydn, Compiler of " The Dictionary
of Dates," and other Works. Svo. io. half-bound.
12 NEW WORKS AND NEW EDITIONS
SIR JOHN HERSCHEL. OUTLINES OF ASTRONOMY.
By Sir John F. \V. Herschel, Bart. etc. Xcw Edition; with Plates and Engravings on Wood.
Bto.Ut.dQth.
HINTS ON ETIQUETTE AND THE USAGES OF SOCIETY:
With a Glance at Bad Habits. By AyaJyo?. "Manners make the Man." NcwEdition,
revised (with Additions) by aLadyoiUank. Foolscap 8vo.2.6d. cloth.
HOLLAND. MEMOIRS OF THE WHIG PARTY DURING MY
TIME. By Henry Richard Lord Holland. Edited by his Son. Henry Edward Lord Holland.
Vol. I. post Svo. i). Crf. cloth.
LORD HOLLAND'S FOREIGN REMINISCENCES. FOREIGN
REMINISCENCES. By Henry Richard Lord Holland. Comprising Anecdotes, and an
Account of such Persons and 'Political Intrigues In Foreign Countries as have falk-ii
within his Lordship's Observation. Edited by his Son, Henry Edward Loid Holland.
With Fac-simile. Second Edition. Post Svo. lilt. M.
HOLLAND. CHAPTERS ON MENTAL PHYSIOLOGY.
By Henry Holland, M.D., F.R.S., etc.. Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians j Physi-
cian Extraordinary to the Queen ; and Physician in Ordinary to Ilia lloyal Highness Prince
Albert. Svo.
HOOK (DR. W. F.) THE LAST DAYS OF OUR LORD'S
MINISTRY; A Course of Lectures on the principal Events of Passion Week. By Walter
Farquhar Hook, D.D., Vicar of Leeds, Prebendary of Lincoln, and Chaplain in Ordinary to
the Queen. New Edition. Foolscap Svo. 6. cloth.
HOOKER. KEW GARDENS:
Or a Popular Guide to the Rov.il Botanic Gardens of Kew. By Sir William Jackson Hooker,
K.H. U.C.L. F.R.A. & L.S. etc. etc. Director. New Edition; with numerous Wood-
Engravings- IGuio. price Cd. sewed.
HOOKER AND ARNOTT. THE BRITISH FLORA;
Comprising the Ph.xnogamous or Flowering Plants, and the Ferns. The Sixth Edition
with Additions and Corrections, ami numerous Figures, illustrative of the Umbelliferous
Plants, the Composite Plants, the (irasses, and the Ferns. By Sir W. J. Hooker. F.R.A.
and L.S. etc.. and G. A. Walker Aruott, LL.D. F.L.S. and R.S. Kd.; Begins Professsor
of Botany in the University of Glasgow. 12mo. with 12 Plates, 14. cloth; or with the Plates
HORNE (THE REV. T. H.) AN INTRODUCTION TO THE
CRITICAL STUDY AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE HOLY SCRIPTURES. By the
Rev. Thomas Hartwell Home. B.D. of St. John's College, Cambridge . New Kdition, revised
and corrected ; with Maps and Fuc-similes. 5 vols. Svo. 3/. 3s. cloth ; or ol. bound in calf.
HORNE (THE REV. T. H.)-A COMPENDIOUS INTRODUC-
TION TO THE STUDY OF THE BIBLK. Bv the Rev. Thomas Hartwell Home, B D. of
St. John's College, Cambridge. Being an Analysisof his" Introduction to theCritical Study
and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures." New Edition. ]2mo. with Maps and Engravings,
95. boards.
HOWITT. THE CHILDREN'S YEAR.
By Mary Howitt. With Four Illustrations, engraved by John Absolon, from Original
Designs'by Anna Mary Howitt. Square lGmo.5". cloth.
HOWITT. THE BOY'S COUNTRY BOOK ;
Being the real Life of a CountrvBov, written by Himself : Exhibiting all the Amusements.
Pleasures, and Pursuits of Children in the Country. Edited by William Howitt, author of
The Rural Life of England," etc. New Edition. 'FcBp. Svo. with 40 Woodcuts, C. cloth.
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LONGMAN AND CO.
13
HO WITT. VISITS TO REMAEKABLE PLACES;
Old Halls, Battle-Fields, nnil Scenes illustrative of Striking Passages ill English History and
Poetry. By William Howitt. New Edition ; with 40 Woodcuts. Medium Svo. 2U. cloth.
SECOND SERIES, chicflv in the Counties of DURHAM and NORTHUMBERLAND, with a
Stroll along the BOUDriR. With upwards of -10 highly-finished Woodcuts, from Uiuwings
made on the spot. Medium 8vo. 21. cloth.
HOWITT. THE RURAL LIFE OF ENGLAND.
By William Howitt. New Edition
Bewick and Willii
with riiits to Kemarkatle Place
Kngravings on WoorJ hy
Medium's. 21j. cloth.
HUDSON. THE EXECUTOR'S GUIDE.
ByJ.C. Hudson, Esq., late of the Legacv Duty Office, London: author of "Plain Directions
for Making Wills," and" The PareufsHaiid'-Book." NewKditiou. Foolscap Svo. d. cloth.
HUDSON. PLAIN DIRECTIONS FOR MAKING WILLS
In conformity with the Law, and particularly with reference to the Act 7 Win. IV. and 1 Viet.
c.26. To which is added, a clear Exposition of the Law relating to the Distribution of Per-
sonal Estate in the rsu of Intestacy ; with two Forms of Wills, and much useful Information,
etc. By J.C.Hudson, Esq. New Edition, corrected. Fcap. Svo. i.'s.6rf. cloth.
.* Theabuve Tuo Worki may be had in One Volume, price 'it. cloth.
HUMBOLDT. ASPECTS OF NATURE,
In Different Lands and Different Climates , with Scientific Elucidations. By Alexander Von
Humboldt. Translated, with the Author's sanction anil co-operation, and at his express
desire, by Mrs. Sabine. Ifimo. Gj. cloth: or in 2 rols. 3. 6d. each cloth; '2s. 6d. each
BARON HUMBOLDT'S COSMOS;
Or, a Sketch of a Physical Description of the Universe.' Translated, with the Author's
sanction and co-operation, under the superintendence of Lieutenant-Colonel Edward Sabine,
F.R.S. For. Sec. U.S. New Edition. Vols. I. and II. Ifimo. 3i. Grf. each cloth; 2. 6rf.
SENTIMENTS AND SIMILES OF SHAKSPEARE.'
MRS. JAMESON'S LEGENDS OF THE MONASTIC ORDERS
As represented in the Fine Arts. Containing St. Benedict and the early Benedictines in
Italy, France, Spain, and Flaudeis , the Benedictines in England and in Germany; the
Relormed Benedictines; early Royal Saints connected with" the Benedictine Order ; the
and the Ord'er of the Visitation of St. .Mary. Forming the SECOND SBHIES o'f Sacred and
Legendary Art. With Eleven Etchings by the Author, uuds4 Woodcuts. Square crown
Svo. 28*. cloth.
MRS. JAMESON'S SACRED AND LEGENDARY ART;
Or, Legends of the Saints and Martyrs. FIRST SERIES. Containing, Legends of the
AngeU and Archangels; the Evangelists and Apostles; the Greek and Latin Fathers; the
Magdalene; the Patron Saints; the Virgin Patronesses; the Martyrs; the Bishops; the
Hermits; and the Warrior-Saints of Christendom. Second F.dition, printed ill One Vuiiimc
for the convenience of Students and Travellers; with numerous Woodcuts, and Sixteen
Etchings by the Author. Square crown Svo. 2JJ. cloth.
14 NEW WOBKS AND NEW EDITIONS
MRS. JAMESON'S LEGENDS OF THE MADONNA,
As represented In the Fine Arts. Forming the THIRD and concluding t-KRirs of fncrrd
and hegrndary Art. By Mrs. Jameson. Author of "Characteristics of \Voiiitn," etc.
With Etchings by the Author, mid Engravings oil Wood. Square crown 8vo.
[/ the frets.
JEFFREY (LORD). CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE EDINBURGH
RF.VI EW. Uy Francis Jeffrey, late One of the Judges in the Court of Session in Scotland.
Second Edition. avoU.8vo.42i. cloth.
BISHOP JEREMY TAYLOR'S ENTIRE WORKS:
With the Life by Bishop Heber. Revised and corrected by the Rev. Charles Pai;e Eden,
Fellow of Oriel' College, Oxford. In Ten Voluraes. Vols. 11. to IX. 8vo. price Half-a-
Guinea each.
*,* The First r,,l,tme (hat the last In ardrr of publication) , will contain Bishop Ileber'i
Life of Jeremy Taylor, extended by the Editor.
Ifol.X.itirtthcfret,.
READINGS FOR EVERY DAY IN LENT.
Compiled from the Writings of Bishop Jeremv Taylor. Uy the Author of "Amy Herbert,"
"The Child's First History of Rome," etc. reap, svo. 6. cloth.
JOHNSTON. A NEW DICTIONARY OF GEOGRAPHY,
Descriptive. Physical, Statistical, and Historical: Forming a complete General (iazctleer
of the World. Bv Alexander Keith Johnston, K.UJS.K. F.R.G.S. F.G.S.; Geographer at
Edinburgh in Ordinary to Her Majesty; Author of "The Physical Atlas of Natural Phe-
nomena." In One Volume of 1,440 pages, comprising nearly Fifty Thousand Names of
Places. Svo. 36i. cloth.; or strongly half-bound in russia, with dexible back, price 4U.
KEMBLE. THE SAXONS IN ENGLAND:
A History of the English Commonwealth till the period of the Norman Conquest. Bv John
Mitchell liemblc, M.A., F.C.P.S., etc. 2vols.8vo.28. cloth.
KIRBY AND SPENCE. AN INTRODUCTION TO ENTO-
MOLOGY; or. Elements of the Natural History of Insects: comprising an account of
noxious and useful insects, of their Metamorphoses, Food, Stratagems, Habitations,
Societies, Motions, Noises, Hybernation, Instinct, etc. Bv W. Kirby, il.A. F.U.S. & L.S.
Rcclorof Durham; and VV. Spence. Esq., F.U.S. & L.S. New Edition, enlarged. vols.
!>vo.31.G SLESWICK. By Samuel
l,ing, Esq., Author of "Journal of a Residence in Norway," "A Tour in Sweden,"
"Notes of a Traveller, "etc. L /n the pren.
LAING. OBSERVATIONS ON THE SOCIAL AND POLI-
TICAL STATK OF THE EUROPEAN PEOPLE IN 1S48 AND 1849: being the Second
Series of " Notes of a Traveller." Bv Samuel Laing, Esq., author of " A Journal of ii Hesi
clenre in Norway," the Translation ui The Heimskrinala," and of " Note* of a Traveller
' on the Social aiid Political State of France, Prussia," etc. Svo. Hi. cloth.
LARDNER. THE GREAT EXHIBITION AND LONDON IN
I
1S51. Reviewed by Dr. Lardner, Michel Chevalier, John Lemoinne, and Hector Berlioz.
Svo. [Nearly ready.
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LONGMAN AND Co.
15
LARDNER'S CABINET CYCLOPAEDIA.
The Cabinet Cyclopaulia of History, Biography. Literature, the Arts and Sciences, Natural
History, ami Manufactures. Comprising a Series of Original Works by Sir John Herschel,
Sir James Mackintosh, Robert ftouthey, Sir David Hrcwuter, Thomas Kciirhtlcy. John
Forstcr, Sir Walter Scott, Thomas Moore, Bishop Thirl wall, the Rev . G. U. Gleig, J. C. L.
Sismondi, John Phillips, F.U.8., G.S., and other eminent Writers. 132 vols. leap. Svo.
with Vignette Titles, price NINETEEN GUINEAS, cloth. The works separately, in Sets or
Scries, price THREE SHILLING) and SIXPENCE each Volume.
The complete Series comprises the following Workt .
1. Bell's History of Russia . 3 vols. 10$. Gd.
2. Bell's Lives of British Poets, 2 vols. 7*.
3. Brewster's Optics . 1 vol. 3*. fld.
4. Coolcy's Maritime and In-
land Discovery . . 3 vols. 10. 6d.
5. Crowe's History of France, 3 vols. 10. Crf.
6. De Morgan on Probabilities, 1 vol. 3. .6d.
54. Swaiuson's Natural His-
tory and Classification of
Animals . . . 1 vol. 3f.6d.
55. Swainson's Habits and In-
stincts of Animals . 1vol. 3s. Gd.
5f>. Swainson's Birds . . 2 vols. 7s.
57. Swainson's Fish, Reptiles,
etc. .... 2vols. 7".
S3. Swainson's Quadrupeds . 1vol. 3.Gd.
59. Sn-ainson's Shells and
Shell-fish ... 1 vol. 3. 6d.
611. Swainson's Animals in Me-
nageries . . . 1vol. 3.6d.
Gl. Swaiuson's Taxidermy and
Bibliography . . 1 vol. 3>. Gd.
C3. TMrlwall's History of
10 NEW WOBKS AND NEW EDITIONS
LATHAM. ON DISEASES OF THE HEART.
Lectures on Subjects connected with Clinical Medicine ; comprising Diseases of the Heart.
By P. M. Latham, M.D. Physician Extraordinary to the Queen : and late Phy.kian to St.
Bartholomew's Hospital. New Edition, i vols. Uuio. ICj. cloth.
LEE. ELEMENTS OF NATURAL HISTORY; OR, FIRST
PRINCIPLES OF ZOOLOGY. For the Use of Schools anil Young Persons: comprising
the Principle* of Classification, interspersed with amusing and instructive Accounts of the
most remarkable Animal*. By Mrs. R. Lee. New Edition, revised and enlarged; with
numerous additional Woodcuts. Foolscap Svo. 7. tirf. cloth.
LETTERS ON HAPPINESS, ADDRESSED TO A FRIEND.
By the Authoress of Letters to My Unknown Kriends." "Twelve Years Ago, a Tale,"
"Some Passages from Modern History," and "Discipline." Foolscap Svo. GJ. cloth.
LETTERS TO MY UNKNOWN FRIENDS.
By a Lady. Third Edition. Foolscap Svo. 6>. cloth.
LINDLEY. AN INTRODUCTION TO BOTANY.
ByProf.J. Lindley, Ph.D.,F.n.S.L.S. etc. New Edition, with Corrections and numerous
Additions. 2 vols. Svo. with Six Platesand numerous Woodcuts,, 241. cloth.
LINDSAY. OUR NAVIGATION AND MERCANTILE MARINE
LAWS considered with a View to their general Revision and Consolidation; also, an
Inquiry into the principal Maritime Institutions. By \V. S. Lindsay, bvo. /i. 6rf. cloth.
LINWOOD (W.) ANTHOLOGIA OXONIENSIS;
Sive, Horilcgiura e lusibus poeticis diversorum Oxonieiisium Gnecis et I.atinisdecerptum.
Curaute Gulieluio Linwood.M.A. jEdisChristi Aluiumo. Svo. 14. cloth.
LITTON. THE CHURCH OF CHRIST,
In its Idea, Attributes, and Ministry: with a parliculnr reference to the Controversy on
the Subject between Romanists and Protestants. Uy the Hev. Edward Arthur Litton, M.A.,
1'erp'eiual Curate of Stockton Heath; and Vice-Principal of St. Edmund Hall, Oxford.
Svo. 16>. cloth.
LORIMER. LETTERS TO A YOUNG MASTER MARINER
On some Subjects connected with his Calling. By the late Charles Loriuer. A New Edi-
tion. Foolscap Svo. 61. 6. cloth.
LOW. ON LANDED PROPERTY, AND THE ECONOMY OF
ESTATES: Comprehending the Relations between Landlord and Tenant, and the Princi-
ples and Forms of Leases; of Farm Buildings, Enclosures, Drains, Embankments, Roads,
and other Rural Works, Minerals, and Woods. By David Low, Esq. F.R.S.E. etc., author
of "Elements of Practical Agriculture," etc. Svo. with numerous Wood Eugravingi,
21. cloth.
LOW. ELEMENTS OF PRACTICAL AGRICULTURE:
Comprehending the Cultivation of Plants, the Husbandry of the Domestic Animals, and the
Economy of the Farm. By David Low, Ksq. F.R.S.E., Professor of Agriculture in the Uni-
versity of Edinburgh. New Edition; with an entirely new set of above 200 Woodcuts.
Svo. 21. cloth.
MACAULAY. THE HISTORY OF ENGLAND,
From the Accession of James II. By Thomas Babingtou Macaulay. New Edition. Volt. I.
ami II. Svo. 32*. cloth.
,_ _ _ .' .y
18 NEW WORKS AND NEW EDITIONS
MACAULAY. CRITICAL AND HISTORICAL ESSAYS CON-
TRIBUTED TO THE EDINBURGH REVIEW. By Thomas Bal.intfton MarauUy. New
Edition, complete in One Volume; with Portrait by E. U. Eddis, engraved in line by G. W.
Greatbach, and Vignette. Sq'mre crown Svo. 2l. clolh ; 30. calf extra, by iiayday.
Or (Sixth Edition) in 3 vols.Svo. SCj.cloth.
MACAULAY. LAYS OF ANCIENT ROME:
With IVRY and THE ARMADA. By Thomai Babinijtou Macaulay. New Edition. ICmo.
4. 6., Author of
"The Salamandrine." etc. With beautiful Wood Engravings from Original Sketches. A
New and cheaper Edition, with additional Illustrations. Post Svo. 7>. 6d. cloth.
MACKINTOSH'S (SIR JAMES) MISCELLANEOUS WORKS:
Including his Contributions to The EDINBURGH REVIEW. A New Edition, complete
in One Volume ; with Portrait engraved in line by W. Greatbach, aud Viguettc. Square
crowu Svo.Jlj. cloth; or Mi. calf-extra by Ilnyday.'
M'CULLOCH. A DICTIONARY, GEOGRAPHICAL, STATIS-
TICAL, AND HISTORICAL, of the various Countries, Places, and Principal Natural
Objects in the World. By J. R. M'Culloch, Esq. Illustrated with Six large Maw. New
Edition, corrected and in part re- written ; with a Supplement. 2 thick vols.Svo. 63j. cloth.
M'CULLOCa-A DICTIONARY, PRACTICAL, THEORETI-
CAL, AND HISTORICAL, OK COMMERCE, AND COMMERCIAL NAVIGATION.
Illustrated with Maps and Plans, by J. R. M'Culloch, Esn. A New Edition (185-'), cor-
rected, enlarged, and improved: Including a New Supplement. Svo. oO>. cloth; or oSj.
strongly half-bound in russia.
*. THE NEW SUPPLEMENT may be hadifparately, price 4i. Gd. icved.
M'CULLOCH. AN ACCOUNT, DESCRIPTIVE, AND STATIS-
TICAL, of the BRITISH EMPIRE ; exhibiting its Extent, Physical Capadties, Population,
Industry, and Civil aud Religious Institutions. By J. R. M'Culloch, Esq. 3d Edition,
corrected, enlarged, and greaUy improved. 2 thick vols. Svo. 42t. cluth.
M'CULLOCH. A TREATISE ON THE PRINCIPLES AND
PRACTICAL INFLUENCE OF TAXATION AND THE FUNDING SYSTEM. By J. R.
M'Culloch, Esq. Second Edition (1S52), corrected, enlarged, and improved. Svo. 16j.
cloth.
M'CULLOCH. A TREATISE ON THE CIRCUMSTANCES
WHICH DETERMINE THE RATE OF WAGES AND THE CONDITION OK THE
LABOURING CLASSES. By J.R. M'Culloch, Esq. Fcap. 8vo. 3*. 6rf.<-loth.
MAITLAND. THE CHURCH IN THE CATACOMBS:
A Description of the Primitive Church of Rome, illustrated by its Sepulchral Remains.
By Charles Maltlaud. New Edition, revised ; with numerous Woodcuts. Svo. 14. cloth.
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LONGMAN AND Co.
19
MARCET. CONVERSATIONS ON CHEMISTRY:
In which theElementsof that Science are familiarly Explainer! and Illustrated by Kxpcri-
meuts. ByJaueMarcet. New Edition, corrected. 2 vols. foolscap Svo. 14i. cloth.
MARCET. -CONVERSATIONS ON POLITICAL ECONOMY:
In which the Ele
nts of that Sc
nee are familiarly explained. By Jane Marcct. New
ilscap Svo.7i.Gi. cloth.
Edition, revised aud enlarged. Foo
MARCET. CONVERSATIONS ON NATURAL PHILOSOPHY.
Inwhich the Elements of that Science arc familiarlyexplained, and adapted to the compre-
hension of Young; Persons. By Jane Marcel. Newiidition, enlarged and corrected. Fcap.
8vo. with 23 Plates. 10. 6d. cloth.
MARCET. CONVERSATIONS ON VEGETABLE PHYSIO-
LOGY; comprehending the Elements of Botany, with their application to Agriculture.
ByJaneMarcet. New Edition, foolscap 8vo. with Four Plates, 9. cloth.
MARCET. CONVERSATIONS ON LAND AND WATER.
By Jane Marcet, New Kdition revised and corrected. Foolscap Svo. with coloured Map
shewing' the comparative Altitude of Mountains, oj.ti*/. cloth.
MARRYAT (CAPT.) MASTERMAN READY;
Or, the Wreck of the Pacific. Written for Young People. By Captain Ma
of "Peter Simple."etc. ANew Kdition. complete in Two Volumes ; will
Engravings. - vols.fcap.8vo. 12. cloth.
at, C.B. author
uuerous Wood
MARRYAT. THE PRIVATEER'S-MAN ONE HUNDRED
YEARS AGO. By Captain F. Marrvat. C.B., author of "Peter Simple," "Masterman
Heady," etc. 2 vols. fcap. Svo. 12. cloth.
f
MARRYAT. THE MISSION;
Or, Scenes in Africa. Written for Young People. By Captain Marryat, C.B., author of
"Peter Simple," "Masterman Ready,"etc. 2 vols. fcap. Svo. 12j.cl"oth.
MARRYAT. THE SETTLERS IN CANADA.
Written for Young People. By Captain Marryat, C.B., author of "Peter Simple,"
'Masterman Ready," etc. New Edition. Fcap. Svo. with two Illustrations,?!. 6d. cloth.
MAUNDER. THE SCIENTIFIC AND LITERARY TREA-
SURY: A New and Popular Encyclopedia of Science and the Belles Lettres j including all
written in a familiar style, adapted to the comprehension of all persons desirous of acquir-
ing information on the subjects comprised in the work, and also adapted for a Manual of
convenient Reference to the more instructed. BySamuelMaunder. NewEditiou. Fcap.
Svo. 10. cloth i bound in roan, 12*.
MAUNDER'S TREASURY OF HISTORY;
Comprising a General Introductory Outline of Universal History, Ancient and Modern, and
a Series of separate Histories of every principal Nation that exists ; developing their Rise,
Progress, and Present Condition, the Moral and Social Character of their respective
Inhabitants, their Religion, Manner*, aud Customs, etc. etc. New Edition. Foolscap Svo.
10s. cloth ; bound in roan, 12*.
MAUNDER'S TREASURY OF NATURAL HISTORY;
Or, a Popular Dictionary of Animated Nature : in which the Zoological Characteristics that
distinguish the different Classes, Genera, and Speciesare combined with avariety of interest-
ing Information illustrative of the Habits, Instincts, and General Economy of the Animal
Kingdom . To which are added, a Syllabus of Practical Taxidermy.and aOlossarial Appendix.
Embellished with 900 Engravings on Wood, from Drawings made expressly for thu Work.
New Edition. Fcap. Svo. Hu. cloth ; bound in roan, 12$.
20 NEW WORKS AND NEW EDITIONS
MAUNDER'S TREASURY OF KNOWLEDGE,
And LIBRARY of REFERENCE: Comprising an English Grammar ; Tables of English
Verbal Distinctions; Proverbs. Terms, and Phrases, in Latin, Spanish, French, and Italian,
translated! new and enlarged English Dictionary; Directions for Pronunciation ; new
Universal Gazetteer; Tables of Population and Statistics; List of Cities, Boroughs, and
Market Towns in the United Kingdom ; Regulations of the General Pott-Office ; List of
Foreign Animal, Vegetable, and Mineral Productions ; compendious Classical Dictionary ;
Scripture Proper Names accented, and Christian Names of Men and Women: with Latin
Maxims translated; List of Abbreviations ; Chronology and History; compendious Law
Dictionary; Abstract of Tax Acts ; Interest and other Tables ; Forms of Epistolary Address ;
Tables ot Precedency) Synopsis of the British Peerage; and Tables of Number. Money,
Weights and Measures. New Edition, revised throughout and greatly enlarged. Foolscap
Svo. 10s. cloth ; bound in roan, Uf.
MAUNDER'S BIOGRAPHICAL TREASURY:
Consisting of Memoirs, Sketches, and brief Notices of abovel2,OOOEmincnl Persons of ail
Ages and Nations, from the Earliest Period of History ; forming a new and complete Dic-
tionary of Universal Biography. A New and carefully revised Edition; corrected through-
out, and extended by the introduction of numerous additional Lives. Foolscap Svo. ]0.
cloth ; bound in roan, 12.
MERIVALE. A HISTORY OF THE ROMANS UNDER THE
EMPIRE. By the Rev. Charles Merivale. late Fellow and Tutor of St. John's College,
Cambridge. Vols. I. and II. Svo. S8. cloth. Also, Vol. III. completing the History to the
Establishment of the Monarchy by Augustus, Svo. 14. cloth.
JAMES MONTGOMERY'S POETICAL WORKS.
With some additional Poems, and the Author's Autobiographical Prefaces. A NewEdition,
complete in One Volume; with Portrait and Vignette. Square crown Svo. lOi.Grf. cloth;
morocco, 2I. Or in 4 vols. foolscap Svo. with Portrait, and Seven other Plates, 20.
cloth; bound in morocco, II. 16*.
MOORE. HEALTH, DISEASE, AND REMEDY,
Familiarly and Practically considered in a few of their Relations to the Blood. By George
Moore, M.D., Member of the Royal College of Physicians, etc., author of "The Power of
the Soul over the Body," etc. PostSvo. 7*. Bd. cloth.
MOORE. THE POWER OF THE SOUL OVER THE BODY.
Considered in relation to Health and Morals. By George Moore, M.D. Member of the
Royal College ofl 1 hysiciaus, etc. New Edition. Post 8vo.7.ed. cloth.
MOORE. THE USE OF THE BODY IN RELATION TO THE
MOORE. MAN AND HIS MOTIVES.
By George Moore, M.D. Member of the Royal College of Physicians, etc. New Edition.
Post Svo. 8. cloth.
MOORE'S POETICAL WORKS:
Containing the Author's recent Introduction and Notes. Complete in One Volume, uniform
with Lord Byron's and Southey's Poems. With Portrait by George Richmond, engraved in
by Hayday. Or in 10 vols. foolscap bvo. with Portrait, and 19 Plates, 2(. 10. cloth;
THOMAS MOORE'S SONGS, BALLADS, AND SACRED SONGS.
First collected Edition, uniform with the smaller Edition of Mr. Macaulay's Lnys of
Anoint Home; with Vignette by Richard Doyle. 16mo. 5j. cloth; or 12. 6d. bound in
smooth morocco, by Hayday.
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LONGMAN AND Co. 21
MOORE'S IRISH MELODIES.
New Edition, uniform in size with the smaller Edition of Mr. Mcauly's "Lays of Ancient
Rome." With the Autobiographical Preface from the Collective Edition of Mr. Moore \
Poetical Works, and a Vignette by D. Maclise, H.A. IGmo.&i. cloth : )2. 6.
*.' A few cofiet of the Original Edition, in royal Svo. price One Guinea, ttill remain.
MOSELEY. ILLUSTRATIONS OF PRACTICAL MECHANICS.
By the Rev. H.Moseley.M. A. .Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy in King's
College, London : Author of " The Mechanical Principles of Engineering and Architec-
ture." New Edition. Fcap.Svo. with Woodcuts, 8j. cloth.
MOSELEY. THE MECHANICAL PRINCIPLES OF EN-
GINEERINfi AND ARCHITECTURE. By the Rev. H.Moselcy, M.A. F.R.S., Professor
of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy in King's Colleee, London; and author of "Illus-
trations of Practical Mechanic!. Svo. with Woodcuts and Diagrams, 1{.4. cloth.
MOSHEIM'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY,
Ancient and Modern. Translated, with copious Notes, by James Murdock, D.D. New
Edition, revised, and continued, by the Rev. Henry Soames, M.A. 4 voU.8vo.4Sj. cloth.
MURE. A CRITICAL HISTORY OF THE LANGUAGE AND
LITERATURE OF ANCIENT GREECE. By William Mure, M.P., of Caldwell. 3 voli.
Svo. 36i. cloth.
MURRAY. AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GEOGRAPHY:
Comprising a complete Description of the Earth-, exhibiting its Relation to the Heavenly
Bodies, its Physical Structure, the Natural History of each Country, and the Industry, Com-
merce, Political Institutions, and Civil and Social State of all Nations. By Hugh Murray,
K.R.S.E. Second Edition; with 82 Maps, and upwards of 1,000 other Wood Engravings.
Svo. 31. cloth.
NEALE. THE RICHES THAT BRING NO SORROW.
By the Rev. Krskinc Neale, M.A., Rector of Kirton, Suffolk ; Author of " The Closing
Scene." Foolscap Svo. 6. cloth.
THE EARTHLY RESTING-PLACES OF THE JUST.
By the Rev. Erskme Neale, M.A., Hector of Kirton. Suffolk; anthor of "The Closing
Scene." With Wood Engravings. Fcap.Svo. 7. cloth.
22
NEW WORKS AND XEW EDITIONS
NE ALE.- THE CLOSING SCENE;
Or. Christianity and Infidelity contrasted in the Last Hours of Remarkable Persons. By the
Rer. Krskine Neale. M. A'., Rector of Kirton. Suffolk. New Editions of t!ic First and
Second Series. 2 ToU. fcap. Svo. 12j. cloth ; or separately 6. each.
NEWMAN. DISCOURSES ADDRESSED TO MIXED CON-
GREGATIONS. By John Henry Newman, Priest of the Oratory of St. Philip Neri. Second
Edition. 8vo. 12. cloth.
LIEUTENANT OSBORN'S ARCTIC JOURNAL.
STRAY LEAVES FROM AX ARCTIC JOURNAL. By Lieut. Sherard Osborn, R.N.,
Commanding H.AI.S.V. Pioneer, in the late F.xpedition. 1850 51, under Capt. Austin, to
rescue Sir John Franklin. With Map and Four coloured Plates. Post Svo.
IXearty ready.
OWEN JONES. WINGED THOUGHTS.
A Series of Poems. By Msrv Anne Bacon. With Illustrations of Birds, designed by
E. L. Bateman, and executed in illuminated printing by Owen Jones. Uniform with
Flowen and their Kindred Thought*. ud Fruit! /rum the Garden and the field. Impe-
rial Svo. 31i. dd. elegantly bound in calf.
OWEN JONES. FLOWERS AND THEIR KINDRED
THOUGHTS : A Series of Stan/as. By Mary Anne Bacon, Author of "Winged Thoughts."
With beautiful Illustrations of Flowers, designed and printed iu Colours Dy Owen Jones.
Imperial Svo. 31 j. 6rf. elegantly bound iu calf.
OWEN JONES. FRUITS FROM THE GARDEN AND THE
FIELD. A Series of Stanzas. By Mary Anne Baton, Author of " Winged Thoughts." With
beautiful Illustrations of Fruit, designed and printed iu Colours by Owen Jones. Impe-
rial Svo. 31. 6d. elegantly bound in calf.
OWEN. LECTURES ON THE COMPARATIVE ANATOMY
AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS, delivered at the Royal
College of Surgeons in 1843. By Richard Owen, F.R.S. Hunteriau Professor to the College.
From Notes taken by William 'White Cooper, M.R.C.S. and revised by Professor Owen.
With Glossary aud Index. New Edition, corrected. Svo. with Woodcuts.
[Xearly ready.
OWEN. LECTURES O\ THE COMPARATIVE ANATOMY
AND PHYSIOLOGY of the VERTEBRATE ANIMALS, delivered at the Royal College
of Surgeons in 184J and 1S4R. By Richard Owen, F.R.S. Hunteriau Professor to the Col-
lege. Inivols. The First Volume ; with numerous Woodcuts. Svo. 14*. cloth.
PASCAL'S ENTIRE WORKS, TRANSLATED BY PEARCE.
THK COMPLETE WORKS OF BLAISE PASCAL: With M. Villemain's Essay on
Pascal considered a* a Writer and Moralist, prefixed to the Provincial L'tt en ; and the
Mhcellantaui U'rittngt, Thought* on Religion, and Evidences of (hriitianitti, re-
arranged, with large Additions, from the French Edition of Mons. P. Faugerc. Newly
translated from the French, with Memoir, Introductions to the various Works. Kilitorial
Notes, ud Appendices, by George Pearce, Esq. 3 vols. post Svo. with Portrait, 25. Brf.
cloth.
The Three Falumet mny be had teparately, as follovl :
Vol. 1. PASCAL'S PROVINCIAL LETTERS: with M. Villemain's Essay on Pascal
prefixed, and a new Memoir. Post Svo. Portrait, St. Hd. cloth.
Vol. II. PASCAL'S THOUGHTS ON RELIGION, AND EVIDENCES OF CHRISTI-
ANITY, with Additions from original MSS.: from M. Faugere's Edition. Post Svo.
Si.ed. cloth.
Vol. III.-PASCAL'S MISCELLANEOUS WHITINGS, CORRESPONDENCE, DE-
TACHED THOUGHTS, etc. from M. Kaugere's Edition. Post Svo. 8. 6d. cloth.
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LOXGMAX AND Co. 23
PASHLEY. PAUPERISM AND POOR LAWS.
Robert Pashley, M.A., F.C.P.S., On of Her Majesty's Counsel, mid late Fellow of
inity College, Cambridge ; Author of " Travels in Crete." Svo. Half-a-Guiuca, cloth.
Tr
PEREIRA. A TREATISE ON FOOD AND DIET:
With Observations on the Dietetical Regimen suited for Disordered States of the Digestr
Organs; and an Account of the Dietaries of some of the principal Metropolitan and otlu
Establishmentlfor Paupers, Lunatics, Criminals, Children, the Sick, etc. ByJou.Pereir
M.D.F.K.S.,autuorof "Element* of MateriaMedica." Svo. 16. cloth.
PESCHEL (C. F.) ELEMENTS OF PHYSICS.
By C.F. Peschel, Principal of the Roval Military College, Dresden, etc. etc. Translated
from the German, with Notes, by E. West. With Diagrams and Woodcuts. Svols.fcap.
Stu. 2). cloth.
f'Partl. The Physics of Ponderable Bodies. Fcup. Svo. 7.Grf. cloth.
Separately.' p Krt lI. Imponderable Bodies (Light, Heat, Magnetism, Electricity,
l_ and Electro-Dynamics) . 2vols.fcap.Svo.l3.6d.cloth.
PHILLIPS. FIGURES AND DESCRIPTIONS OF THE PAL.E-
O2OIC FOSILS OF CORNWALL, DEVON, and WEST SOMERSET ; obseryed in
the course of the Ordnance Geological Survey of that District. By John Phillips, K.R.S.
F.G.S. etc. Published by Order of the Lords Commissioners of H. M. Treasury. Svo.
with6l) Plates, comprisiugvery numerous Figures, undertaking, he
has employed materials of which, to say the least, no use has been made by Dr. Andrews. The
present work will therefore present to the English student extensive results of modern
criticism, which have not hitherto been collected in any single volume.
RIVERS. THE ROSE AMATEUR'S GUIDE:
Containing; ample Descriptions of all the fine leading varieties of Roses, regularlyclassed In
their respective Families; their History and Mode of Culture. By T. Rivers, Jun. Fourth
Edition, corrected and improved. Foolscap 8vo.6. cloth.
ROBINSON'S LEXICON TO THE GREEK TESTAMENT.
A Greek and English Lexicon of the New Testament. By Edward Robinson. D.D. L.L.D.
Professor of Biblical Literature in the Union Theological Seminary, New York ; Author
of "Biblical Researches in Palestine," etc. New Edition, revised and in great part
re-written. 8vo. 18s. cloth.
*.* This is the Author's new edition, in great part rewritten, and containing many addi-
tions and improvements not found in any other edition.
ROGERS'S VEGETABLE CULTIVATOR;
Containing a plain and accurate Description of every species and variety of Culinary Vege-
tables t With the most approved Modes of Cultivating and Cooking than. New and
cheaper Edition. Fcap. 8vo. o. cloth.
ROGERS. ESSAYS SELECTED FROM CONTRIBUTIONS
TO THE EDINBURGH REVIEW. By Henry Rogers. 2 vols. Svo. 24. cloth.
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LONGMAN AND Co.
ROGET. THESAURUS OF ENGLISH WORDS AND PHRASES,
Classified and arranged, so as to facilitate the Expression of Ideas, and assist in Literary
Composition. By P. M. Roget, M.D., F.R.S., F.G.S.. F.R.A.S., F.S.A., etc.; Author of
the ' Uridgewater Treatise ou Animal and Vegetable Physiology," etc. Svo.
[Nearly ready.
RONALDS. THE FLY-FISHER'S ENTOMOLOGY.
Illustrated by coloured Representations of the Natural and Artificial Insect; and accompanied
by a few Observations and Instructions relative to Trout and Grayling Fishing. By Alfred
Ronalds. Fourth Edition, corrected ; with 2(1 Copperplates. 8vo. 14. cloth.
ROVING S IN THE PACIFIC,
From 1837 to 1849 ; with a GLANCE AT CALIFORNIA. By A Merchant long resident at
Tahiti. With 4 Illustrations printed in colours. 2 vol. post 8vo. 2U. cloth.
ROWTON (F.) THE DEBATER:
Being a Scries of complete Debates, Outlines of Debates, and Questions for Discussion.
With ample references to the best sources of information upon each particular topic. By
Frederic Uowtou, Lecturer on General Literature. Second Edition. Foolscap Svo. 6. cloth.
SCHOMBERG. THE THEOCRATIC PHILOSOPHY OF
ENGLISH HISTORY. Being an Attempt to impress upon History its True Genins and
Real Character ; and to represent it, not as a Disjointed Series of Facts, but as one Grand
Whole. By the liev. J. 1). Schomberg, B.A., of Corpus Christ! College, Cambridge. 2 vols.
8vo. 21f. cloth.
SEAWARD. SIR EDWARD SEAWARD'S NARRATIVE OF
HIS SHIPWRECK, and consequent Discovery of certain Islands in the Caribbean Sea:
with a Detail of many extraordinary and highly interesting Events in his Life, from 1733
to 1749, as written in his own Diary. Edited by Miss Jane Porter. New Edition. 2 vols.
post8vo.il/. cloth.
SEWELL. AMY HERBERT.
By a Lady. Edited hy the Rev. William Sewell, B.D., Fellow and Tutor of Exeter Col-
lege, Oxford. NewEditiou. 2 vols. foolscap 8vo. 9i. cloth.
SEWELL. THE EARL'S DAUGHTER.
i-ival," and '"The ChUd's History of Home." ' Edite'd by the Hev. William Sewell, B.D.,
Fellow and Tutor of Exeter College, Oxford. 2 vols. fcap. 8vo. 9i. cloth.
SEWELL. GERTRUDE.
A Tale. By the Author of "Amy Herbert." Edited by the Rev. William Sewell, B.D.,
Fellow and Tutor of Exeter College, Oxford. New Edition. 2 vols. foolscap Svo. 9. cloth.
SEWELL. LANETON PARSONAGE:
A Tale for Children, on the practical Use of a Portion of the Church Catechism. By the
author of "Amy Herbert," Edited by the Rer. W. Sewell, 11.1)., Fellow and Tutor of
Exeter College, Oxford. New Edition. 3 vols. fcap. Svo. 16s. cloth.
SEWELL. MARGARET PERCIVAL.
By the Author of " Amy Herbert." Edited by the ReT. W. Sewell, B.D., Fellow and Tutor
of Exeter College, Oxford. NewEditiou. 2 roll, foolscap Svo. 12. cloth.
26 NEW WORKS AND NEW EDITIONS
SHAKSPEARE, BY BOWDLER.
THE FAMILY SHAKSPEARE, in which nothings added to the Original Text; butthose
Words itnd Expressions are omitted which cannot with propriety be read aloud. By T.
Bowdler, Esq. K.R.S. New Kdition : with 36 Illustrations after Smirke, etc. 8vo. 21.
cloth ; or, without Illustrations . 8 vols. Svo. 4(. 14t. 6d. boards.
SHARP'S NEW BRITISH GAZETTEER.
A NEW GAZETTEER. OR TOPOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF THE BRITISH
ISLANDS AND NARROW SKAS: Co:nprisiuir concise Descriptions 'of about Sixty
Thousand Places, Seats, Natural Features, and Objects of Note, founded on the best
Authorities; full Particulars of the Boundaries, Registered Electors, etc. of the Parlia-
mentary Boroughs ; with a Reference under every Name to the Sheet of tlie Ordnance
Surrey, as fur a* completed ; and an Appendix, containing a General View of the Resources
of the United Kingdom, a short Chronology, and an Ahtract of certain Results of the
Census of 1851. By James A. Sharp. Esq. Uniform with. Johnstou's New General Gazet-
teer of the World. ' 2 vols. 8vo. 27. 1C., cluth.
.* Sharp's British Gazetteer it alia in counc of publication in Ttcenty-tvio Monthly Partt,
price Half-a-Crown each.
SHEPHERD THE HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF ROME,
To the End of the Kpucnpite of Damascus, A.D. 334. By Edward John Shepherd, A.M.,
Rector of Luddesdown. Svo. Hi. cloth.
SHORT WHIST:
Its Rise, Progress, and Laws; with the recent Derisions of the Clubs. and Observations to
make anyone a Whist Player. Containing also die Laws of Piquet, Cassino, Ecarte, Cribbage,
Backgammon. BySlajorA New Kdition. Towhich are added, PreceptsforTyros
ByMrs.B** Foolscap Svo. 3. cloth, gilt edgei.
SINCLAIR. THE JOURNEY OF LIFE.
Life, "etc. Ne\v Edition, corrected and eularged.^Fcap.Svo. oj. cloth.
SINCLAIR POPISH LEGENDS OR BIBLE TRUTHS.
By Catherine Sinclair, Author of "The Journey of Life," "The Business of Life," etc.
Dedicated to her Nieces. Kcap. Svo. 6. cloth.
SIR ROGER DE COVERLEY.
From The Spectator. With Notes and Illustrations by W. Henry Wills ; and Twelve fine
Wood Engravings by John Thompson from Designs by'Frcderick Tayler. Crown Svo. 15.
boards; or 27>. bound in morocco by Hayday.
Alv> a Clieap Edition, tcithout Engravingi, in Ifimu. price One Srdlling.
SMEE. ELEMENTS OF ELECTRO-METALLURGY.
By Alfred Smee, F.R.S., Surgeon to the Bank of England. Third Edition, revised, cor-
rected, and considerably enlarged ; with Electrotypes and numerous Woodcuts. Post Sro.
lUi.Gd. cloth.
THE WORKS OF THE REV. SYDNEY SMITH.
Comprising the Author's Miscellaneous Writings anil Contributions to the Edinburgh
Review. New Kdition, complete in One Volume; n-ith Portrait by E. U. Kddis, engraved
21. cloth ; 30. calf extra', by Hayday. Or iu vols. Svo. with Portrait, 36. clotu.
SMITH. ELEMENTARY SKETCHES OF MORAL PHILO-
SOPHY, delivered at the Roval Institution in the Years 1304, 18(15, and 1SO-5. By the late
Rev. Sydney Smith, M.A. With an Introductory Letter to Mrs. Sydney Smith, bv the late
Lord Jeffrey. Second Edition. Svo . 12j. cloth.
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LONGMAN AND CO. 27
SMITH. THE VOYAGE AND SHIPWRECK OF ST. PAUL:
of the Ancients. By James Smith" Esq. ofJorZuiMU, F.R.S.' etc. WithTllustrative Views!
Charts, and Woodcuts. Svo. 14. cloth.
SMITH. TASSO'S JERUSALEM DELIVERED.
Translated, in the Metre of the Original, by the Hev. Charles Lesingham Smith, M.A., late
FeUovr and Mathematical Lecturer of Christ's College, Cambridge. 2 vein. fcap. Svo. 12*.
cloth.
SNOW. VOYAGE OF THE PRINCE ALBERT IN SEARCH
OV SIR JOHN FllANKLIN. A Narrative of Every-dsy Life in the Arctic Sens. By \V.
Parker Snow. With a Chart, and 4 Illustrations printed in colours. Post Svo. l'2t. cloth.
THE LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE OF THE LATE ROBERT
SOUTHKY. Edited by his Son, the Rev. Charles Cuthbert Southey, M. A. Vicar of Ardleigh.
With numerous Portraits ; and Six Landscape Illustration* from Designs by W. Westall,
A.K.A. 6vols. posts. fi3. cloth.
Each of the Six Volumes may be had separately, price Half-a Guinea.
"A work which, even in this age of literary plenty, will long ttaud unrivalled far the
deeply interesting chnractrr of ill contents; whether toe have regard to the man whose his-
subjects upoa tc/iicA /its capacious mind was constantly exercised." John Bull.
SOUTHEY'S COMMON-PLACE BOOKS.
THE COMMON-PLACE BOOKS of the late Robert Sonthey. Comprising 1. Choice
Passages: With Collections for the History of Manners and Literature in Kngland ; 2.
Special Collections on various Historical and Theological Subjects; 3. Analytical 'Reading
in various branches of Literature ; and -I. Original Memoranda, Literary and Miscellaneous.
Edited by Mr. Southey's Son-in-Law, the Rev. John Wood Warter, B.D. 4 vols. square
crown Svo. 3/.13j. cloth.
*.* Each Series of Southey's Common-Place Books forms a distinct Volume, complete in
itself, and may be had separately as follows :
FIRST SERIES CHOICE PASSAGES, etc. Second Edition; with medallion Portrait.
Price 18f.
SECOND SERIES-SPECIAL COLLECTIONS. Price 18.
THIRD SERIES-ANALYTICAL READINGS. One Guinea.
FOURTH SERIES-ORIGINAL MEMORANDA, etc. One Guinea.
SOUTHEY. THE DOCTOR ETC.
By the late Robert Southey. Complete in One Volume. Edited by the Author's Son-in-
Law, the Rev. John Wood Warter. With Portrait. Vignette Title-page, Bust of the Author,
and Coloured Plate. New Edition. Square crown Svo. 21. cloth.
SOUTHEY. THE LIFE OF WESLEY,
And Rise and Progress of Methodism. By Robert Southey, Esq.LL.D. New Edition, with
Notes by the late Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Ksq., and Remarks on the Life and Character
of John Wesley, by the late Alexander Knojc, Eq. Edited by tiie Rev. Charles Cuthbert
Southey, M.A. 2 vols. Svo. with two Portraits, H.8. cloth.
ROBERT SOUTHEY'S COMPLETE POETICAL WORKS:
Containing all the Author's last Introductions and Notes. Complete in One Volume, with
Portrait and View of the Poef* Residence at Ke-ick ; uniform with Lord Byron's and
Moore's Poetical Works. Medium 8vo.21. cloth; 42. bound in morocco, by Hayday. Or
in 10 Toll. foolscap Svo. with Portrait and 19 1'lates, 2f.lU.; morocco,-!/. )0>.
28
NEW WORKS AND NEW EDITIONS
SOUTHEY SELECT WORKS OF THE BRITISH POETS,
From Chaucer to Lovelace inclusive. With Biographical Sketches by the late Robert
Southey. Medium Svo.iJOi. cloth.
SQUIER. NICARAGUA ; ITS PEOPLE, SCENERY, MONU-
MENTS, ANF THE PROPOSED INTEROCKANIC CANAL. By K.G. Souier. late
Charge d'Affaires of the United States to the Republics of Central America. With Nine
Original Maps, Twenty-five Plates primed in colours, and numerous Woodcut Illustra-
tions. 2 vnls. royal Svo. 3li. (.
THOMSON (JOHN). TABLES OF INTEREST,
At Three, Four, Four-and-a-half, and Five per Cent., from One Pound to Ten Thousand,
and from One to Three Hundred and Sixty-five Days, in a regular progression of Single
Days ; with Interest at all the above Rates, from One to Twelve Months, and from One to
Ten Years. Also, Tables shewing the Exchange 011 Bills, etc. etc. etc. By John Thomson,
Accountant. New Edition, llmo. 8. bound.
THOMSON SCHOOL CHEMISTRY;
Or Practical Rudiments of the Science. By Robert Dundas Thomson, M.D. Master in
Surgery in the University of Glasgow ; Lecturer on Chemistry in the same University ; and
formerly in the Medical" Service of the Honourable East India Company. Foolscap Svo.
with Woodcuts, It. cloth.
THE THUMB BIBLE;
Or, Verbum Sempiternum. Bv J. Taylor. Being an Epitome of the OH and New Testa-
ments in English Verse. New Edition, printed from the Edition of 1693, br C. Whining.
bam, Chiswick. 64mo. If. 6d. bound and clasped.
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LONGMAN AND CO. 31
TOMLINE (BISHOP). AN INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY
OK THE BIBLE; Being the First Volume of the Elements of Christi;m Theology j con-
tuiiiing Proofs of the Authenticity and Inspiration of the Holy Scriptures; a Summary of the
of the several Books of the Old Testament. By the late George Tomliue.D.D.F.R.S. New
Edition . Foolscap 3v o. 5i . 6d. cloth.
TOOKE. THE HISTORY OF PRICES;
Withreference to the Causes of their principal Variations, from the year 1792 to the year
1847, inclusive. With a Sketch of the History of the Corn Trade in the last Two Cen-
turies ; a General Review of the Currency Question ; am] Remarks on the Operation of the
Acts/&8 Victoria, c. 32. By Thomas tooke, Esq. F.R.S. 4vols.3vo. 31. 61. cloth.
TOWNSEND. MODERN STATE TRIALS.
Revised and illustrated with Essays and Notes. By William Charles Towusend, Esq.
M.A. Q.C., late Recorder of Macclesfield. 2 vols. Svo.SOj. cloth.
" Mr. Totcnscnd liai done an acceptable service both to the legal profession and the public
in forming this' collection of si,me of the most important and interesting judicial proceedings
xliich hove ever been witnessed in English courts of justice. . . . We need say no more to
recommend 'the volume* of Mr. Towniend, uhicli, uhether as a record of precedents or a
repertory of lome of the most remarkable ssiccimins of forentic eloquence, are equally
useful." Morning Chronicle.
TOWNSEND. THE LIVES OF TWELVE EMINENT
JUDGES OF THE LAST AND OF THE PRESENT CENTURY. By W. Charles
Towuseud, Esq., M.A.Q.C., late Recorder of Blacclesfield. 2vols. Svo. 28. cloth.
TURNER. THE SACRED HISTORY OF THE WORLD,
Attempted to be Philosophically considered, in a Series of Letters to a Son. By Shnron
Turner, F.S. A. aiid R.A.S.L. Eighth Edition, edited by the Rev. Sydney Turner. 3vols.
post Svo. 31. 6rf. cloth.
TURNER THE HISTORY OF THE ANGLO-SAXONS,
From the Karliest Period to the Norman Conquest. By Sharon Turner, F.R.S. and R.A.S.L.
The Seventh Edition (1852). 3 vols. 8vo.36. cloth.
V The text and notes of this edition have been carefully' revised, and as many of the
Author's later corrections and addition* as appeared to have been intended and prepared
by him for publication, have been introduced.
TURTON'S (DR.) MANUAL OF THE LAND AND FRESH
WATER SHELLS OF THE BRITISH ISLANDS. A new Edition, thoroughly revised
with Additions. By John Edward Gray. Post Svo. with Woodcuts, and 12 coloured Plates
loj. cloth.
URE. DICTIONARY OF ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND
MINES: Containing a clear Exposition of their Principles and Practice. By Andrew Ure,
M.U.F.R.S. M.G.srM.A.S.Lond., M. Acad. N.S. Philad.; S. Ph.Soc.N. Germ. Hanov. ;
Mullii, etc.etc. 3d Edition, corrected. Svo. with 1,241 Woodcuts. 50. cloth.
By the same Author,
SUPPLEMENT OF RECENT IMPROVEMENTS. 2dEdition. Svo. 14. cloth.
WATERTON. ESSAYS ON NATURAL HISTORY,
Chiefly Ornithology. By Charles Waterton, Esq., author of "Wanderings in South
America." With an Autobiography of the Author.and Views of WaltonHall. New Editions.
2 vols. foolscap Svo. 14i. 64. cloth.
*** Separately Vol.l. (First Scries), St. ; Vol. II. (Serond Series), 6i.6<.
32
PUBLISHED BY MESSRS. LOXGMAN AND CO.
ALARIC WATTS'S POETRY AND PAINTING. LYRICS OF
THE HEART; with other Poems. By Alaric A. Watts. With Forty-one highly. finished
Line Engravings, executed expressly for this work by the most eminent Painters and
Eu gravers.
In one Volume, square crown Svo. price 31>. 6rf. boards, or 45s. bound in morocco by Hayday;
Proof Impressions. . boards. Plain Proofs 41, Plates, demy 4to. (only 100 copies printed)
2/. 2. in portfolio ; India Proofs before letters, colombier 4to.'(only 50 copies printed), of. 5.
in portfolio.
WEBSTER.-AN ENCYCLOPEDIA OF DOMESTIC ECONOMY:
Comprising such subjects as are most immediately connected with Housekeeping ; as,
The Construction of Domestic Edifices, with the Modes of Warming, Ventilating, and
Ughtingthem A Description of the rations Articles of Furniture, with the Nature of their
Materials Unties of Servants, etc. etc. By Thomas Webster, K.G.S., etc. etc. ; assisted
bythelate Mrs. Parkcs. New Edition. Svo. with nearly 1,000 Woodcuts, 5U.. cloth.
WHEATLEY. THE ROD AND LINE;
Or, Practical Hints and Dainty Devices for the sure taking of Trout, Grayling, etc. By
Hcwett VVheatley, Esq., Senior Angler. Foolscap Svo. with Nine coloured Plates, 10. 6d.
cloth.
LADY WILLOUGHBVS DIARY.
So much of the Diary of Laclv Willouo-h.br u relates to her Domestic History, and to the
Eventful Keign of King Charles the First, the Protectorate, and the Restoration (1635 to
1063). Printed, ornamented, mid bound in the style of the period to which The Diary refers.
New Edition; in Two Parts. Square foolscap 8vo. 8*. cath, boards; or 18. each, bound
in morocco by Hayday.
YOUATT THE HORSE.
By William Ynuatt. With a Treatise of Draught. A New Edition; with numerous Wood
Engravings from Designs by William Harvey. Svo. 10. cloth.
** Messrs. Longman and Co.'i Edition t/tould be ordered.
YOUATT __ THE DOG.
By William Yonatt. A "New Edition; with numerous Wood Engravings from Designs by
William Harvey. Svo. 6. cloth.
*. The above vorks, ti-hich were prepared under the superintendence of the Society for the
Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, are now published by Messrs. Longman and Co., by assign.
meutJromMr. Charles Knight. It is to be observed, that the edition of Mr.Youatfs book on
the Horse which Messrs. Longman and Co. hare purchased from Mr. Knight, it that which was
thoroughly revised by the author, and thereby rendered in many reipects a near work. The
engravings al*o were greatly improved. Both vorks are the most complete treatises in the
language on the llhtory, Structure, Uiseases, and Management of the Animals of which they
treat.
ZINCKE. SOME THOUGHTS ABOUT THE SCHOOL OF
THE FUTURE; or, a Sketch of the Solution which Time appears to be preparing for the
different Educational Questions of the Dav. By the Rev. Foster Barham Zincke, Vicar of
Wherstead, near Ipswich. Post Svo. 7. cloth.
" We have no space to devote to the nature of the alteration which the author proposes to
make in the subjects of instruction and hi the manner of teaching. On this point and on
various others, such as the effects which would be likely to be produced by the establishment of
a system of f lg na ure,wetnus rejer o re t i* f i . e W " H "w/l. !,i.,fc^ ;f. r,f , ,,l
that it contains a mnsierly analysis oj ine erjors, me t/iort-cointngs, and tne mtscniejs oj 01
of the establishment in its place of a system ultich may be productive of incalculable benejit
to the coming generation:' Daily New.
ZUMPT __ A GRAMMAR OF THE LATIN LANGUAGE.
By C. G. Zumpt, Ph. I). Professor in the University, and Member of the Royal Academr of
Berlin. Translated from the Uth Edition of the original, and adapted to the" use of English
Students, by Leonhard Schmitz, Ph. 1)., Rector of the High School of Edinburjih ; with
numerous Auditions and Corrections by the Author. New Edition. Svo. 14i. cloth.
J/orcA31,1852.
London: Printed by SI. MASON Ivy Lane, Pmternoster Row.
A 000116827 7