REV. HENRY ALBERT SCHAUFFLER, D.D., 
 Superintendent of Slavic Missionary Work and Founder of the School.
 
 The^Schauffler 
 
 Missionary Training 
 
 School 
 
 $Va 
 
 T4|A 
 
 By 
 
 Henry Martyn Tenney 
 
 1886-1914 
 
 Off
 
 Copyrighted by 
 
 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 1915 
 
 THE GARDNER PRINTING COMPANY 
 
 CLEVELAND. OHIO 
 
 1915
 
 To the Men and Women 
 
 Of Faith and Vision 
 
 Who Labor and Pray 
 
 For a Christian vlmerica
 
 Contents 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Introduction 7 
 
 Foreword 9 
 
 I Heredity 13 
 
 II Parentage 20 
 
 III The Field and Work 29 
 
 IV Laborers for the Harvest 38 
 
 V Woman's Work for Women 49 
 
 VI Beginnings 60 
 
 VII The New Home 75 
 
 VIII Financial Problems and Home Missionary Rela- 
 tions 83 
 
 IX Early Missionary Experiences 117 
 
 X Administrative Changes 133 
 
 XI The Well Done of the Faithful Servant 142 
 
 XII Reorganization 163 
 
 XIII Progress and Endowment 173 
 
 XIV Review of Ten Years of Service in the Schauffler 
 
 Missionary Training School 1899-1909 186 
 
 XV Fruitful Years 199 
 
 XVI "A Sabbatic Year" 206 
 
 XVII The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 217 
 
 XVIII Biographical Sketches 256 
 
 XIX Visions from the Towers 295 
 
 XX Schauffler Graduates The Leaveners of Our 
 
 Home Life 303 
 
 XXI Cleveland Presbyterianism and the Schauffler 
 
 School 311 
 
 XXII Schauffler as a Home and Foreign Missionary 
 
 Agency 316 
 
 XXIII The Woman's Home Missionary Federation 
 Buildings and Endowment $125,000 in Five 
 Years After the War in America and 
 
 Europe 323 
 
 Appendix 337 
 
 Index 341
 
 Illustrations 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Rev. Henry Albert Schauffler, D.D Frontispiece 
 
 Rev. J. G. Fraser, D.D 6 
 
 Rev. William G. Schauffler, D.D 12 
 
 Park Street Church, Boston 16 
 
 Mrs. Mary Reynolds Schauffler 18 
 
 Rev. Charles Terry Collins 31 
 
 Olivet Chapel 33 
 
 Bethlehem Congregational Church 35 
 
 Mr. George Henry Whitcomb 39 
 
 Mrs. Clara Hobart Schauffler 48 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. Donley Hobart 63 
 
 Miss Ella Hobart 64 
 
 House on Broadway Where Schauffler School Began 66 
 
 Miss Mary Anna Peck 71 
 
 Present Home of the School (1914) 74 
 
 Mrs. E. G. Baldwin 85 
 
 Mrs. Bertha Juengling Harris 118 
 
 Mrs. Mary Wooster Mills 134 
 
 Mr. H. Clark Ford 172 
 
 Mrs. Mary Deas Sicha 174 
 
 Miss Fanny Stern 175 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth C. Osborne 175 
 
 Miss Abbie M. Allyn 184 
 
 Miss Marie Jindra 198 
 
 Rev. John Faris Berry, B.D 214 
 
 Mrs. William Kincaid 243 
 
 Miss Marie Reitinger 257 
 
 Miss Mary Brehovsky 268 
 
 Miss Mary Rovnak 287 
 
 Miss Miriam L. Woodberry 295 
 
 Mrs. Hastings H. Hart 304 
 
 Rev. Charles L. Zorbaugh, D.D 311 
 
 Rev. Herman F. Swartz 317 
 
 Mr. Forrest Amos Coburn 328 
 
 Mr. Charles H. Hopkinson 329
 
 REV. J. G. FRASER, D.D., 
 
 Registrar and Treasurer of the Ohio State Conference. 
 
 Intimately associated with the School and its work from its inception
 
 Introduction 
 
 That there are as true Saints of God, living the 
 commonplace life, in our homes, and shops, and 
 stores, and offices, as any who have been canonized 
 by the church, or who have grown to long distance 
 sainthood through the perspective of the years, we 
 are slowly beginning to comprehend. 
 
 And we are beginning to wonder if there are not 
 great building movements and real romances of the 
 Kingdom quietly and slowly growing up before our 
 eyes and under our hands, not to be fully recognized 
 until they are seen in later years in their true 
 proportion. 
 
 Such is, and is to be, The Schauffler Missionary 
 Training School. The splendid and unconquerable 
 faith of its founder; the unfaltering devotion of its 
 first principal; the invincible courage of its present 
 principal and her fellow workers; the trial of faith 
 by frequent stress in past years; the world-wide 
 field of the present, and the sublime vision of the 
 future ; and the rallying to its aid of the "great host 
 of the women that publish the tidings" of the Lord's 
 word ; all make this a great hour in its history, and 
 the pledge of a greater. 
 
 The School is singularly fortunate in its historian. 
 With rare skill and quiet and ever growing strength, 
 
 7
 
 8 The Schauffier Missionary Training School 
 
 Dr. Tenney unrolls the fascinating panorama of the 
 life of the School. 
 
 This is a thrilling Romance of the Kingdom. 
 
 J. G. FRASER.
 
 Foreword 
 
 While The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 owes its origin and development primarily to mem- 
 bers of the Congregational denomination, and is 
 formally recognized and aided by missionary soci- 
 eties of that body, as the following History indicates, 
 it should be said that both in organization and in 
 spirit the School is broadly catholic. 
 
 Its corporation is a self -perpetuating body, subject 
 to no ecclesiastical control, and in its membership 
 different denominations are represented. Its stu- 
 dents, during their school days, are actively engaged 
 in Christian work under the direction of Cleveland 
 pastors of the different denominations. Its grad- 
 uates are serving churches and missionary organiza- 
 tions of many of the different denominations 
 throughout the United States. 
 
 The School aims to train its students in the simple 
 and fundamental principles of the gospel of our 
 Lord, and to so inspire them with his spirit of gen- 
 uine brotherhood and loving service that they shall 
 find their joy in laboring with any and all who are 
 looking with compassion upon the hungering immi- 
 grant multitudes, and are in earnest to supply their 
 spiritual need. 
 
 9
 
 1 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Recognizing this simplicity of aim and breadth of 
 purpose the School has been glad to feel that it had 
 the confidence of fellow Christians of the sister 
 denominations, and has welcomed generous contri- 
 butions for its support. During the early days, 
 especially when, almost alone, Dr. Schauffler was 
 making his heroic struggle for its establishment, 
 was this financial aid rendered. Such fraternal 
 cooperation is always most welcome. 
 
 And in such an institution, and for such a work 
 as this, how peculiarly fitting and important it is 
 that the earnest prayer of our Lord, "that they may 
 be one," should find its answer! 
 
 In the preparation of this volume the records of 
 the different organizations with which the School 
 has been connected, and the columns of the "Bible 
 Reader" and the "Schauffler Memorial," have been 
 freely drawn upon. Grateful recognition is also 
 made of the aid rendered by the many friends of 
 Schauffler with whom the writer has conferred in 
 the progress of the work. 
 
 It is an unpretentious record, but it reveals the 
 presence and guidance of the unseen Spirit of our 
 Lord, and his earnest desire and purpose to use the 
 humblest agencies in the outworking of his vast 
 designs for the saving and blessing of men. 
 
 It is submitted with the prayer that it may be
 
 Foreword 1 1 
 
 used not only to deepen interest in the School itself, 
 but to feed the fires of a sustained enthusiasm for 
 the whole stupendous work of which it is a part 
 the work for which Christ died "that he might also 
 gather into one the children of God that are scat- 
 tered abroad."
 
 12 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 REV. WILLIAM G. SCHAUFFLER, D.D., 
 Missionary under the American Board to the Turkish Empire.
 
 The Schauf fler Missionary Training School 
 
 CHAPTER I 
 Heredity 
 
 Heredity in institutions is a force to be reckoned 
 with, as it is in the life of individuals. It is a great 
 thing to have a good ancestry. In this particular 
 The Schauffler Missionary Training School has been 
 peculiarly blessed. 
 
 It could hardly be other than it is, a School of all 
 languages and races for all the races and languages 
 that are gathered, in the Providence of God, under 
 the flag of our country. 
 
 Primarily, the Schauffler School owes its being to 
 the birth of a son to humble, artisan parents in 
 Stuttgart, Germany, in the year 1798. This son 
 was William G. Schauffler. Before he was seven 
 years of age, because of the distress caused by the 
 Napoleonic wars, his family with other colonists 
 entered upon a journey which continued for nine 
 months, and which led them to their settlement in 
 the seaport town of Odessa, in Southern Russia. 
 
 Here, with his parents, the boy lived until past 
 twenty years of age, acquiring only the rudiments 
 of an education, laboring with his father and broth- 
 ers as wood-turners and instrument-makers, which 
 was their trade, untaught religiously, though with 
 
 13
 
 14 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 unexpressed spiritual longings and the sense of need, 
 spending his spare time with his self-made flute, 
 and in the study and practice of music and drawing, 
 which fascinated him, and in acquiring the lan- 
 guages which were spoken about him the Russian, 
 the French, and Italian for which he developed a 
 remarkable facility, and later the English, with 
 which he here for the first time came in contact. 
 
 But if the Schauffler School owes its existence to 
 the birth of this lad, it certainly owes its character 
 to his birth from above. The spiritual father of 
 William G. Schauffler was Ignatius Lindl, a Catholic 
 priest of Bavaria, who, because of his evangelical 
 views, had suffered imprisonment and persecution 
 in his own country, and through the influence of 
 Alexander I. was permitted to remove to Russia. 
 With followers from Germany, Lindl reached Odessa 
 in 1820. 
 
 It was curiosity to hear a distinguished preacher 
 which first led Schauffler to his meetings. But the 
 truth preached brought to him the knowledge of 
 Christ, and led to his heartfelt adoption of the 
 Christian life, and to his consecration to Christian 
 service. 
 
 The influence of itinerant missionaries to the Jews 
 kindled in him the missionary spirit and led him to 
 determine to become a self-supporting missionary
 
 Heredity 1 5 
 
 to the people to whom the Lord should send him. 
 Marriage, for such a life as he purposed for himself, 
 was out of the question. 
 
 In the development of this purpose he went to 
 Constantinople, and later to Smyrna. There he came 
 into touch with English and American missionaries, 
 and especially with Dr. Jonas King of the American 
 Board. Intercourse with these men of wide ex- 
 perience convinced him that his own plans for him- 
 self were not practical, and that greater preparation 
 for effective missionary service was necessary. 
 
 An American brig, bound for Boston, invited him 
 to seek preparation in the new world, and with a 
 letter of introduction to the Secretary of the Amer- 
 ican Board, and only a Spanish dollar in his pocket 
 after his passage was paid, he took ship, trusting 
 in God and in his ability to work his own way. 
 
 The life of William G. Schauffler is a romance of 
 Providential guidance, of intense Christian en- 
 thusiasm, of pluck and sturdy self-reliance. 
 
 His reception by the officers of the American 
 Board in Boston, his wonderful five years of study 
 in the Theological Seminary at Andover, his fervid 
 spirit coupled with remarkable humility and unflag- 
 ging industry, that gift of tongues which enabled 
 him before the end came to conquer almost the con- 
 fusions of Babel and understand twenty-six Ian-
 
 PARK STREET CHURCH, BOSTON
 
 Heredity 1 7 
 
 guages and preach in six, his remarkable acceptance 
 as a preacher in the strong churches of New Eng- 
 land all these combined created the impression that 
 here was a man peculiarly called of God for especial 
 service in the great world-field. Quite contrary to 
 its custom, therefore, the American Board invited 
 this young foreigner to become one of its mission- 
 aries, and on the fourteenth day of November, 1831, 
 he was ordained as a missionary to the Jews in the 
 Turkish Empire, at Park Street Church, Boston. 
 
 A Jewish mission in Smyrna, and the removal of 
 the printing office of the American Board from Malta 
 to that city, determined his first field of labor. And 
 in Miss Mary Reynolds, of New Haven, Connecticut, 
 who inaugurated female education in Turkey, and 
 was there conducting a large mission school for the 
 Greeks, he found the devoted companion and partner 
 of his life and work. 
 
 Their marriage occurred at the house of Com- 
 modore Porter, the United States Ambassador to 
 Turkey, at Constantinople, February 26, 1834. The 
 feature of the event, which he laughingly recalled, 
 was the fact that, while the bride was making ready, 
 to lose no time, he gave a Hebrew lesson to a fellow- 
 worker, and became so absorbed that he lost all sense 
 of time, and the ceremony was delayed until he could 
 be found.
 
 18 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 MRS. MARY REYNOLDS SCHAUFFLER
 
 Heredity 1 9 
 
 Upon the remarkable missionary career of Dr. and 
 Mrs. Schauffler in the Turkish Empire, covering a 
 period of forty-nine years, of the journeyings oft, 
 the persecutions, and perils by cholera and plague 
 through which they passed repeatedly, and of the 
 great work of translating the Scriptures into the 
 Hebrew-Spanish and the Osmanli Turkish language, 
 we cannot here dwell. 
 
 A more striking contrast can hardly be imagined 
 than the humble German immigrant lad of seven 
 years, fleeing to Russia with his parents from the 
 terrors of the Napoleonic wars, or the convert of 
 Odessa proposing to go out to serve God at his own 
 charges as an itinerant, celibate missionary, and the 
 world-famous cosmopolitan builder of the Kingdom 
 of God, and the devoted husband and father, at the 
 climax of his career. 
 
 Little of prophetic wisdom is needed, certainly, to 
 anticipate that in a personality so marked and in a 
 career so manifestly guided of God, there were 
 germs of spiritual life and power which in the gen- 
 erations following would be sure to develop and bear 
 their fruit in forceful Christian lives and in institu- 
 tions which would multiply laborers and equip them 
 for worldwide service in the fields of the Lord.
 
 CHAPTER II 
 Parentage 
 
 The family of Dr. William G. Schauffler consisted 
 of six sons, only four of whom grew to manhood 
 and have lived to perpetuate and extend the influence 
 of their parents in the world. 
 
 Henry Albert Schauffler, the third of these sons 
 and the founder of The Schauffler Missionary Train- 
 ing School, was ^orn in Constantinople, September 4, 
 1837. During the year previous, death had bereaved 
 these parents of their two older sons, and they had 
 passed terrible months while the plague was sweep- 
 ing away thousands by their side; and they were 
 compelled to fight literally for their own lives, and 
 were taxed to the utmost in body and spirit by the 
 sickness and death of beloved colleagues in mission- 
 ary service. 
 
 Of the boyhood and early life of Henry A. Schauf- 
 fler, his son, Henry Park Schauffler has written : 
 
 "Father's boyhood was spent in Constantinople. 
 His training was such that he very early gave his 
 heart to Christ. Even as a small boy he was in- 
 terested in the work which his father was doing as 
 a missionary and translator of the Bible. One of his 
 favorite games was playing church, and I am told 
 
 20
 
 Parentage 2 1 
 
 that at every opportunity that offered he would re- 
 prove one of the younger boys and warn him solemn- 
 ly to keep silence in the 'house of God.' The first 
 Christian work which he undertook was during the 
 Crimean war. Five miles from his home there was 
 an encampment of 10,000 French troops. With his 
 three brothers he would arm himself with great 
 carpetbags full of Testaments and together the boys 
 would besiege this camp. Soon the boys with their 
 Testaments became so popular that the moment they 
 came within sight of the camp the soldiers would 
 swarm out and beg for a Testament. 
 
 "His education was a liberal one, not only in book 
 learning but also in art and manual labor. In what- 
 ever he undertook he excelled. Thrown into the 
 Bosphorus by his swimming teacher he was com- 
 pelled to learn the art in double-quick time. He 
 became a splendid swimmer ; he was a first-rate car- 
 penter; he learned to draw excellently and painted 
 well. Besides this, at a very early age his father 
 taught him to play the flute. He was also a good 
 singer. In these early Constantinople days the foun- 
 dation of his linguistic skill was laid. There in that 
 cosmopolitan city he learned not only Turkish, but 
 German, French and Greek. To this, later on, was 
 added Italian, Spanish, Latin, Hebrew and Bohemian. 
 
 "As a young man he was able to earn quite a little
 
 22 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 money by drawing war pictures for the 'London 
 Illustrated News.' When the time arrived for his 
 college education, he earned his way to London by 
 acting as interpreter on one of the vessels carrying 
 prisoners of war. He entered Williams College and 
 before long became one of the leaders among the 
 young men. There was a marked difference of posi- 
 tion between those who were members of secret 
 fraternities and those who were left out. He at once 
 began to champion the cause of those left out, or- 
 ganizing them into an anti-secret society, which 
 later developed into the Delta Upsilon Fraternity. 
 So he came to be known as the 'king of the Oudens,' 
 or 'outsiders.' At Williams he came very strongly 
 under the influence of President Mark Hopkins. 
 
 "After graduation in 1859 he entered Andover 
 Seminary and there came under the equally dominat- 
 ing influence of Professor Park." 
 
 Two years only were spent at Andover, followed 
 by a briefer course at the Harvard Law School, in 
 preparation for the work of teaching which he an- 
 ticipated for himself in the East. 
 
 In November, 1862, he married Miss Clara E. Grey 
 of Springfield, Massachusetts, whose life and mis- 
 sionary career were published by the American 
 Tract Society in its series of "American Heroes on 
 Mission Fields."
 
 Parentage 23 
 
 It was at this time that Dr. Christopher R. 
 Roberts of New York was planning the establish- 
 ment of Robert College in Constantinople, with Dr. 
 Cyrus Hamlin at its head. To a professorship in 
 this now commanding Christian college on the Bos- 
 phorus Mr. Schauffler was called. Accepting this 
 appointment, Mr. Schauffler returned to Constanti- 
 nople with his young wife. With him was associated 
 the Rev. George A. Perkins, and on the sixteenth 
 of September, 1863, Robert College entered upon 
 its career with two instructors and four students. 
 
 As a pioneer, therefore, in the work of the higher 
 education in the East, the name of Henry Albert 
 Schauffler stands enrolled. 
 
 The influence of Robert College in awakening 
 the minds, in exalting and transforming the ideals, 
 and in kindling the patriotic enthusiasm of its stu- 
 dents, and through them of the multitudes whom 
 they have influenced, has been most marked. Hun- 
 dreds have been graduated from its classes, and 
 have gone out to take positions of importance and 
 power in the Turkish Empire. Of this institution 
 it has been well said that "it was influential in build- 
 ing up the free state of Bulgaria in the Balkan 
 Peninsula, has set a standard for missionary educa- 
 tion which has led to far-reaching results in many 
 mission lands, and has led to the founding of a large
 
 24 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 number of government and national schools in Tur- 
 key." 
 
 The outcome of the recent war in the Balkans has 
 brought disappointment and sorrow to Christian 
 hearts everywhere, because it is apparent that the 
 spirit of an intelligent Christian brotherhood among 
 the allies is neither as pervasive nor as commanding 
 as had been hoped. And yet nothing is more certain 
 than that the leaven which Robert College and 
 its allied Christian agencies now at work in that 
 troubled land are kneading into the minds and hearts 
 of these peoples, will continue to be hid in the lump, 
 and to work until the whole is leavened. 
 
 It is a great thing for one to be in at the beginning 
 of such a work as that of Christian education in the 
 Turkish Empire. After two years of devoted service 
 in laying the foundations of Robert College, Mr. 
 Schauffler was called by the American Board to be- 
 come one of its missionaries in Turkey, which call 
 he did not feel that he could decline. 
 
 After a service of several years in Constantinople 
 ill health compelled a return to this country in 1870, 
 where, as soon as possible, he ably represented mis- 
 sionary interests in our colleges and theological 
 seminaries. 
 
 In 1872 the American Board decided to undertake 
 the work of Christian evangelization among the
 
 Parentage 25 
 
 Roman Catholic peoples, and Mr. Schauffler was 
 chosen to inaugurate that work in the Austrian Em- 
 pire. In the spring of that year Mr. Schauffler went 
 to Austria with his family, and after careful exam- 
 ination decided upon Prague as a starting point. In 
 the autumn he was joined by the Rev. E. A. Adams 
 and Rev. A. W. Clark with their families. 
 
 The field of service was most difficult and trying. 
 The workers were met with violent and persistent 
 opposition amounting at times to positive persecu- 
 tion, yet slowly and surely the work grew. 
 
 Of this period in the life of Mr. Schauffler his 
 daughter, Mrs. Benjamin W. Larabee, has written: 
 
 "These years since 1872, when the Austrian Mis- 
 sion was founded, have seen great stirrings and up- 
 heavals in that vast and composite empire. When 
 I visited the Mission in Prague, just thirty years 
 after I had gone there as a little child with my 
 parents, I was deeply impressed with the tokens of 
 a larger religious liberty, a more enlightened con- 
 science on the part of many, and the wide spread of 
 the work, even beyond the borders of Austria, among 
 Bohemian emigrants to Russia. 
 
 "One of the hardest and greatest services Father 
 rendered the Austrian Mission was when he pre- 
 sented the cause of Austria's need for religious lib-
 
 26 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 erty before the meeting of the Evangelical Alliance 
 assembled in Basel, Switzerland, in September, 1879. 
 Well do I remember the weeks of prayerful and 
 painstaking preparation for this great step, the 
 anxious suspense of those of us who awaited the 
 issue of the presentation, and how Mother at that 
 time translated from the German that glorious mis- 
 sionary hymn which became a very part of our fam- 
 ily life and supported my parents through many 
 hard experiences: 
 
 The cause is Thine, Lord Jesus Christ, 
 
 The cause for which we plead. 
 And since it is Thy cause, O Lord, 
 
 It cannot but succeed. 
 The grain of corn before it grows 
 And signs of fruitful harvest shows, 
 To nature lost must wilt and die, 
 And in the ground unheeded lie; 
 
 Through, death be lost, 
 To self entirely lost. 
 
 "I own a letter, scribbled in pencil by Father while 
 he was sitting at the back of the platform of the 
 church in Basel where by a rising and unanimous 
 vote the great assembly decided to 'join itself to the 
 petitioners for "religious liberty in Austria' and 'ap- 
 pointed a deputation to carry their resolution to the 
 Emperor, accompanying it with the necessary docu- 
 ments and verbal statements.' The deputation was 
 composed of such members as His Excellency Count
 
 Parentage 2 7 
 
 Bismarck-Bohlen, Adjutant General of the German 
 Empire, Alderman McArthur, M. P. of London, and 
 other notable men from France, England, Switzer- 
 land and America. How well they succeeded in this 
 great task is a matter of history, and from that time 
 dates a new era for religious life and work in 
 Austria. As Father says in the letter referred to, 
 'It is simply wonderful how God has led to this re- 
 sult, how He h^as cleared away difficulty upon diffi- 
 culty, and brought men of the most commanding 
 influence to take up the cause with energy.' 
 
 "But with all the public work and the vast amount 
 of planning which he had to do with his few asso- 
 ciates, his heart was ever in the work of winning and 
 helping individual souls. Perhaps the greatest work 
 Father did for Austria was to help many a young 
 student or minister into a personal knowledge of 
 Christ and a yearning to work for souls, or to guide 
 straying feet into the way of peace, or to help strug- 
 gling young Christians to enter upon the prayer life. 
 At one time, when his strength seemed to be failing, 
 he had almost determined to give up a weekly Bohe- 
 mian meeting with a set of students, but after pray- 
 ing over it for the last time he concluded that God 
 would give him strength for it. The meeting con- 
 tinued, and immediately began to increase in num- 
 bers and influence, and an experience with one of
 
 28 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 its members made the leader rejoice that it was not 
 stopped. 
 
 "But not only for Austria was the work in Austria 
 done. All over America and in several other lands 
 men and women are now working for Christ who 
 came under the influence of his Christlike life in 
 Austria. How little Father realized when he helped 
 and touched some of those young lives that he was 
 preparing his fellow workers for a great service in 
 the land of their adoption ; a service that should go 
 on long after his earthly life was over !"
 
 CHAPTER III 
 The Field and Work 
 
 After nine years of strenuous missionary en- 
 deavor in Austria, the serious illness of Mrs. Schauf- 
 fler, caused in large measure by the hardships and 
 persecutions which she had suffered in their united 
 work, led Mr. Schauffler, in 1881, to return to Amer- 
 ica with his family. 
 
 It was his purpose to return to Austria again as 
 soon as circumstances would permit. For service 
 there he was especially and providentially prepared. 
 He was master of the languages of that polyglot 
 empire, and acquainted with its heterogeneous 
 peoples. 
 
 He was rich in the experience which was in- 
 dispensable to the successful prosecution of Chris- 
 tian work in the face of the tremendous obstacles 
 of ignorance, indifference, superstition, intolerance 
 and ecclesiastical and governmental opposition and 
 persecution to be encountered. To have turned aside 
 from that particular form of ministry to the un- 
 shepherded multitudes of the Slavic peoples would 
 have seemed like the surrender of that for which 
 his whole life had been a preparation. 
 
 In his return to America, therefore, he and his 
 shared to the full the experience of those fathers of 
 
 29
 
 30 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 the faith of whom it is written, "They were under 
 the cloud and passed through the sea, and were bap- 
 tized in the cloud and in the sea." 
 
 But the purpose of God reached above the clouds 
 and beyond the seas. Men see only that which is 
 near at hand; God sees afar off. And often when 
 men seem to have reached the limit of their power 
 in disappointment and apparent failure, God opens 
 to them new fields and visions which make it ap- 
 parent that the past with all of its achievements 
 and promises is only the preparation for a more 
 ample and potential future. 
 
 In the world's history there has been no move- 
 ment of men more stupendous and transforming in 
 its influence, probably, than the emigrative move- 
 ment now in progress of the peoples of the Old World 
 to this new world of the United States. The invasion 
 of the Roman Empire by the hordes from the north 
 was insignificant in comparison. It is manifestly a 
 providential movement. The forces which have 
 made it possible, and which have set it in motion, 
 have been in preparation for generations. It was 
 inevitable, foreordained to come to pass. 
 
 Its beginnings were insignificant, and Christian 
 people were slow to grasp its meanings and to realize 
 the problems and the perils in which it was involving 
 both the church and the nation.
 
 The Field and Work 
 
 31 
 
 REV. CHARLES TERRY COLLINS
 
 32 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 By 1880, however, the movement was so affecting 
 the Slavic peoples of Austria and sending them to 
 this country, that it was attracting public attention. 
 Previous to Mr. Schauffler's return to America, let- 
 ters from both Americans and Bohemians had been 
 received by the Bohemian missionaries in Prague, 
 pointing to the fact that there were in this country 
 250,000 Bohemians wholly out of touch with Amer- 
 ican religious life and without religious leadership. 
 
 Among those who were most deeply interested in 
 this problem was the Rev. Charles Terry Collins, 
 pastor of the Plymouth Congregational Church of 
 Cleveland, Ohio, who about this time preached a 
 striking sermon on "The Modern Migration of Na- 
 tions," which was published and widely distributed 
 by the Congregational Home Missionary Society. 
 
 The immediate providential response to the Amer- 
 ican appeal for these Slavic immigrants seemed to 
 be the enforced presence of Mr. Schauffler in this 
 country. 
 
 The removal of Mr. Schauffler and his family to 
 Cleveland, and the beginning there of the first Slavic 
 missionary work in the United States, is best de- 
 scribed in his own words : 
 
 "In the summer of 1882 Rev. Charles Terry Col- 
 lins, the pastor of the Plymouth Church, knowing 
 of the destitution of the twenty or twenty-five thou-
 
 The Field and Worl( 
 
 33
 
 34 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 sand Bohemians of Cleveland, invited me to visit 
 the city and see what could be done for them. The 
 result was a call to become pastor of Olivet Chapel 
 (a mission of Plymouth Church) and a missionary 
 to Bohemians. October 12th, 1882, I removed to 
 Cleveland, and the next Sabbath commenced Bohe- 
 mian services in Olivet Chapel. This being too far 
 from the chief Bohemian Colony, an invitation of 
 the Broadway M. E. Church to use their rear room 
 was accepted in December, 1882." 
 
 In the summer of 1883 (June 25th), a conference 
 of members of our city Congregational churches was 
 called, which resolved to recommend to the churches 
 to adopt the Bohemian work, and to contribute 
 $1,000 a year to its support, the American Home 
 Missionary Society agreeing to supplement this 
 amount. This action being accepted by the Cleve- 
 land Congregational churches, resulted in the forma- 
 tion in due time of the Bohemian Mission Board of 
 Cleveland. 
 
 In December, 1883, the Bohemian service was re- 
 moved to the small Republican wigwam on Czar 
 street, where an English service and week-evening 
 meeting and Sunday school were commenced. 
 
 Early in 1884 a lot was secured on Broadway, in 
 the center of the Bohemian Colony. Funds were 
 then collected from friends of the work, irrespective
 
 The Field and Work 
 
 35 
 
 BETHLEHEM CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH
 
 36 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 of denomination, and Bethlehem Church was erected 
 at a cost of $8,000. It was dedicated January 1, 
 1885. 
 
 This was the first building provided by Americans 
 to be used exclusively for Slavic mission work, and 
 was named "Bethlehem" after the church in which 
 John Huss, the Bohemian reformer, preached in 
 Prague, Austria. 
 
 Earlier than this, however, the national character 
 of this work had been recognized, and on the 12th 
 of October, 1883, the Congregational Home Mission- 
 ary Society commissioned Mr. Schauffler as Super- 
 intendent of Slavic Missions in the United States 
 the first recognition by any national society that 
 American Christians had any obligations to these 
 neglected peoples. 
 
 The mission had just entered upon its hopeful 
 career when its founder, Charles Terry Collins, died, 
 December 21, 1883, leaving the legacy of his large 
 expectations, and the responsibility of its fulfillment 
 to the man whom Providence had so manifestly 
 chosen to be its director. 
 
 Mr. Schauffler inaugurated at once a vigorous 
 policy looking toward the expansion of the local work 
 and a thorough survey of other Slavic colonies. As 
 the fruitage of his untiring efforts missions were 
 established in Cleveland, which led in a few years to
 
 The Field and Work 37 
 
 the organization of four Slavic churches. A most 
 important work was developed in the midst of the 
 50,000 Bohemians of Chicago, with the Rev. Edwin 
 A. Adams, a former co-worker with Mr. Schauffler 
 in the Austrian Mission, at its head. Bohemian 
 Missions were established also in St. Louis, Mis- 
 souri ; Iowa City, Iowa ; Omaha and Crete, Nebraska ; 
 Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Silver Lake, Minnesota; 
 Slovak Missions in Pittsburgh, Braddock and Du- 
 quesne, Pennsylvania, and Polish Missions in Cleve- 
 land, Detroit and Bay City, Michigan. Added to 
 these outward results there was given to Christians 
 of other denominations the vision, inspiration, cour- 
 age and counsel needed to enable those who wished, 
 to undertake the same kind of work where Congre- 
 gationalists could not attempt it. 
 
 It was a wide national field, therefore, which was 
 opened up by the zealous pioneering of this man, 
 who has been well named "The Apostle to the Slavs 
 of the United States," for Protestant evangelism 
 among this people who were then, and are still, com- 
 ing in upon us as a flood. 
 
 In recognition of his long and successful mission- 
 ary service, in 1890, his alma mater, Williams Col- 
 lege, conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of 
 Divinity.
 
 CHAPTER IV 
 Laborers for the Harvest 
 
 With the opening of the broad field for Slavic 
 work in the United States, and with the very rapid 
 increase of the Slavic immigrant population, the 
 problem of workers became urgent. 
 
 Dr. Schauffler was the only Protestant Christian 
 in the land who could speak to these people in their 
 own tongue. And he was now doubly alone, for the 
 devoted companion of his earlier years and his 
 strong supporter through the labors and trials of his 
 foreign missionary career, after a protracted illness 
 of intense suffering, in September, 1883, had entered 
 into rest. 
 
 Out of the depths, therefore, in those anxious and 
 lonely days, his heart responded to the command of 
 our Lord, "Pray ye the Lord of the Harvest that He 
 send forth laborers into His Harvest." An address 
 by Dr. Schauffler delivered at the Annual Meeting of 
 the Congregational Association, May, 1886, ex- 
 pressed his feelings, and indicates the course that he 
 was led to pursue. 
 
 "I want to call your attention to two most impor- 
 tant new departments of labor for the Slavonic popu- 
 
 38
 
 Laborers for the Harvest 
 
 39 
 
 MR. GEORGE HENRY WHITCOMB
 
 40 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 lation, which Ohio has led the way in starting. The 
 first is the Oberlin Training School for Slavic Mis- 
 sionaries. 
 
 "A year ago in making my report to the American 
 Home Missionary Society, I said that if we could not 
 find the means to raise up missionaries for the Slavic 
 population, the American Home Missionary Society 
 might as well give up the Slavic department. At the 
 Saratoga Anniversary, Secretary Clark made the 
 most earnest appeal to the Congregational churches 
 to take up the work of training missionaries for the 
 foreign population. I did what I could in the same 
 line. About $1,100 was pledged by individuals, $500 
 coming from Mr. G. Henry Whitcomb, of Worcester, 
 Massachusetts. When the fall came, I asked the 
 New York secretaries who was to take charge of the 
 money and the students ? The answer was that the 
 churches had made no such response to our appeals 
 as would warrant the American Home Missionary 
 Society in assuming responsibility for the training 
 of Slavic missionaries. What should I do? Give it 
 up? But that meant virtually giving up the Slavic 
 work, and that I could not think of. 
 
 "I went to Oberlin, and to my joy found President 
 Fairchild and Professor Foster (the latter an inti- 
 mate friend of my Prague colleague, Rev. A. W. 
 Clark, and acquainted with the work in Prague from
 
 Laborers for the Harvest 41 
 
 personal observation, and thus providentially in- 
 terested in the Slavic people) ready to join me in 
 taking the personal responsibility for establishing a 
 Slavic Missionary Training Department. 
 
 "We engaged a theological student of experience 
 in teaching, who devoted half his time to the instruc- 
 tion of Slavic evangelist students, and now there are 
 five young men there one a Russian in the regular 
 college course, and two Bohemians, one Pole, and one 
 Hungarian German in the evangelist school. It re- 
 quired some faith to take this step; but the Lord 
 has put the seal of his approval upon this small be- 
 ginning. The students have given eminent satisfac- 
 tion to their teachers, and those who have been 
 employed in missionary work in Cleveland have 
 proven themselves workmen worthy of all praise. 
 One of them, a Bohemian, was a year ago a mill hand 
 in the Newburg Wire Works. He had attended our 
 Bohemian services from the beginning, but was con- 
 verted, as he told me himself, by God's blessing on 
 the Sunday School lesson containing the verse, 'Re- 
 member now thy Creator, etc.' I perceived his 
 growth spiritually and intellectually; but when I 
 first proposed to him to study and fit himself for 
 missionary work, he was taken back. Such a thing 
 had never entered his head, and it took some per- 
 suasion to lead him to believe that he would ever be
 
 42 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 able to study successfully and do missionary work. 
 I wish we had two dozen like him. 
 
 "Another is a tall young Kansas farmer. His 
 parents are most godly people, and though they have 
 given up a younger son to study in a Missouri Col- 
 lege and fit himself for missionary work, and this 
 oldest son was their reliance, the only one to carry 
 on the farm successfully, yet with a most noble self- 
 denial and genuine love for Christ and the spiritual 
 good of their people, they willingly gave him up too. 
 He also is a young man of good ability and admirable 
 spirit. The Pole is an older man with wife and two 
 children. He is the only converted Pole I know of 
 in the United States and gives good promise of great 
 usefulness. The other two must yet learn Bohemian 
 or Polish, which will not be difficult, as they already 
 know another Slavic language. 
 
 "It is very interesting to note what a great change 
 this small training school has made in the mission- 
 ary situation in a few months. Last fall I went out 
 alone through the West and Northwest visiting 
 Bohemian settlements. I had no one to send to these 
 destitute fields. This summer I expect to send our 
 Polish brother to Detroit to labor three months in 
 the Polish field, where the Detroit Congregational 
 churches built a Polish Mission Chapel two years 
 ago which was last year enlarged to more than
 
 Laborers for the Harvest 43 
 
 double its first size, but where they have hitherto 
 had no Christian helper that could speak Polish. 
 Two students are to go to work during the summer 
 in Wisconsin and Minnesota, where there is an invit- 
 ing opening for work among Bohemians. Two stu- 
 dents will commence work at Omaha, where Rev. 
 Willard Scott's Congregational Church, itself hardly 
 out of need of help, has purchased a building which 
 is to be dedicated in a few days as the Bethlehem 
 Chapel for their Bohemian Mission. The young men 
 will also visit Bohemian settlements in Nebraska and 
 Kansas. Thus we are able to reach out already and 
 begin to do something to meet the crying demands 
 of the too long neglected Slavic population of these 
 different states. 
 
 "But I hasten to say a few words about the 
 second new department, Women's Work for Slavic 
 Women. 
 
 "Toward the end of last year, I felt so deeply the 
 need of doing something in this line that, though I 
 knew not where the funds were coming from, I in- 
 vited Miss Clara Hobart, public school teacher of 
 experience and success, who had taught in the Bohe- 
 mian district for years, and is a most admirable 
 primary Sunday School superintendent and teacher, 
 to devote herself to missionary work for Bohemian 
 women in Cleveland, and also to train young Bohe-
 
 44 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 mians to be Bible readers and missionaries to Slavic 
 women and children. Last January, Miss Hobart 
 entered into this work, and immediately commenced 
 the training of one of our Bethlehem Bohemian 
 Sunday School teachers, instructing her in the Bible 
 and such other branches as were needful, and with 
 her visiting Bohemian families. This experiment 
 has proven very successful. A second young lady 
 has come partially into the work and will devote 
 herself wholly to it if her health will allow. There 
 are others who ought to be under Miss Hobart's 
 training if we had the money to do it. 
 
 "I rejoice that the Congregational Woman's Home 
 Missionary Societies of Ohio are taking an increased 
 interest in this work. 
 
 "These two new departments are the most im- 
 portant parts of our work for the Slavic population 
 of the United States. It is an exalted privilege to 
 be permitted to lead off in any new department of 
 Christian work. It is Ohio's privilege to lead the 
 van in these two departments of missionary work 
 for the Slavic population of our land, and I want 
 to see her keep to the front. The work demands 
 your sympathies, your prayers, and your consecrated 
 gifts. Shall it have them ? 
 
 "When Dominic, the founder of the Dominican 
 Order, sold his clothes and books in order to procure
 
 Laborers for the Harvest 45 
 
 food for the starving, he was remonstrated with, but 
 exclaimed, 'How can I peruse dead parchments, 
 when breathing men are perishing?' Brethren and 
 sisters, how can we bear to enjoy superfluities and 
 luxuries when immortal souls are starving? Rather 
 let us imitate the example of our blessed Master, 
 who 'though He was rich, yet for our sakes became 
 poor that we through His poverty might be rich.' 
 Let us spend and be spent in His service and for the 
 salvation of souls, for which He died." 
 
 NOTE: As this sketch deals chiefly with the 
 work of the Training School for Women, it is fitting 
 that a word further should here be given to the de- 
 velopment and progress of its companion institution, 
 the Slavic Department of the Oberlin Theological 
 Seminary. 
 
 When this department was organized, Mr. John 
 Leadingham, himself at the time a student in the 
 Seminary, was employed to instruct in English the 
 two or three Bohemian students whom Dr. Schauf- 
 fler had been able to secure. 
 
 The following year Mr. L. F. Miskovsky, an edu- 
 cated Bohemian known to Dr. Schauffler in Austria, 
 was persuaded by him to give up the study of medi- 
 cine, which for two years he had been pursuing in 
 New York, and enter the Seminary at Oberlin. As
 
 46 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 a student there Mr. Miskovsky was able to supple- 
 ment the work of Mr. Leadingham by teaching the 
 Bohemian students in their own language. Graduat- 
 ing from the Seminary in 1891, he studied two years 
 in Europe, and returning in 1893 assumed the entire 
 charge of the department, which he has continued 
 most ably and faithfully to serve to the present time 
 (1914). 
 
 Although recognized as a department of instruc- 
 tion in the Seminary from the first, no financial 
 responsibility for it was assumed by the institution 
 until, in the year of Dr. Schauffler's death, it received 
 its endowment. 
 
 For the raising of funds for its support during all 
 this time Dr. Schauffler was primarily responsible, 
 though aided by members of the College, by Mr. 
 Miskovsky, and especially by the Rev. T. Y. Gardiner 
 during his connection with the Congregational Edu- 
 cation Society as its western secretary. 
 
 In 1905 the department received from the bequest 
 of Miss Anna Walworth, of Clevelamd, Ohio, an en- 
 dowment fund of $85,000. This has been increased 
 to $155,000, the income of which, so far as it may 
 be needed year by year, is devoted to the uses of the 
 department. At present $3,800 are set apart for 
 this purpose. 
 
 The department now has fourteen students, three
 
 Laborers for the Harvest 47 
 
 of whom are self-supporting. Since its organization 
 in 1885 it has enrolled eighty students, and has grad- 
 uated twenty-four. Ten more have entered the 
 ministry without its diploma. 
 
 Of those who have entered the ministry from this 
 department, not including classical students who 
 studied in it, fourteen are serving in the Congrega- 
 tional denomination, three in the Presbyterian, three 
 in the Reformed, and three in the Methodist. These 
 are serving in ten different States of the Union.
 
 48 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 MRS. CLARA HOBART SCHAUFFLER
 
 CHAPTER V 
 Woman's Work for Women 
 
 When Miss Clara Hobart resigned her position in 
 the public schools of Cleveland, and, January 23, 
 1886, opened the Bible Readers' School, with one 
 pupil, in the house of her father, Mr. Donley Hobart, 
 1254 Broadway, she was launching out upon un- 
 charted waters. 
 
 Dr. Schauffler, the originator and inspirer of the 
 undertaking, was far in advance of the Protestant 
 Christian sentiment of his time in this country. The 
 necessity for lay workers, and especially for women 
 workers, was only beginning to be recognized by the 
 churches. 
 
 The standard organization for a Protestant church 
 was the single salaried pastor, with the pulpit as his 
 throne, to whom was committed the duty of pastoral 
 visitation and the general oversight of the Sunday 
 School, social and neighborhood work. 
 
 This simple organization, with the pulpit as its 
 chief dependence, was the result no doubt of the 
 Protestant reaction from the Papacy with its elab- 
 orate organization and spectacular ritual. 
 
 Every Catholic church of importance is an institu- 
 tion, with its corps of ministering priests and visit- 
 
 49
 
 50 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 ing Sisters of Charity, which is thus able to keep in 
 close personal touch with each family and individual 
 in its parish, and to give direct official supervision 
 to every enterprise undertaken. 
 
 It is upon this efficient institutional organization, 
 together with the superstition of priestly mediation 
 with God, that the power of the Papal church de- 
 pends. Protestantism does well to repudiate the 
 superstition, but it would do well to imitate the 
 organization. 
 
 At the Seventh Triennial National Council of Con- 
 gregational Churches, held in 1889, a committee was 
 appointed to report at the Eighth National Council 
 on "The Increased Use in City Mission Work of the 
 Lay Element." Of this committee Dr. H. A. Schauf- 
 fler was made the chairman, and extracts from the 
 report of his committee, read to the National Coun- 
 cil, held in Minneapolis in October, 1892, will best 
 present his views as formulated six years after the 
 organization of the Bible School in Cleveland : 
 
 "In a city there is much Christian work to be done 
 that a man or a woman who must earn a livelihood 
 or care for a family cannot find time for, and there 
 is work, which to do well requires special training. 
 There is, therefore, imperative need for well-trained 
 lay missionaries who can devote their whole time to
 
 Woman's Work for Women 5 1 
 
 the work that other church members cannot do. 
 How imperative is this need let the following facts 
 show : 
 
 "One fine Sunday morning in 1890, Dr. A. F. 
 Schauffler, superintendent of the New York City 
 Mission, visited a number of churches of different 
 denominations to compare the attendance in those 
 where the pastor worked alone with the attendance 
 in churches whose pastors had assistants, ordained 
 or lay, male or female. On Fourth Avenue an Epis- 
 copal Church, served by three ministers, he found 
 packed full, while a Methodist church near by with 
 one minister working alone, he found half full ; and 
 a famous Presbyterian minister, also working alone, 
 he found preaching to a church two-thirds full. In 
 two other sets of cases of churches visited the result 
 was the same. In a fourth set, a Baptist church, 
 whose pastor works alone among a tenement popula- 
 tion, held a congregation of fifty, while none of three 
 city mission churches in the same region, in connec- 
 tion with which four female missionaries are work- 
 ing, had a congregation less than one hundred and 
 ninety. 
 
 "It is folly for city pastors to work single-handed. 
 Trained lay workers are needed for all kinds of 
 work. . . . 
 
 "Along the line of training efficient workers there
 
 52 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 has been very encouraging progress within the last 
 five years. The institutional and other active city 
 churches cannot do their work without such work- 
 ers. The group of schools in Springfield, Massa- 
 chusetts, which Rev. David Allen Reed was led to 
 found, because as pastor of Hope Church he could 
 find no school whence to secure a trained Sunday 
 school superintendent, or Y. M. C. A. secretary, or 
 pastor's assistant, with which to reach the field 
 around him full of workingmen, is cheering proof of 
 the success that a pastor can achieve who enlists 
 his church in active Christian work for the surround- 
 ing community, and also proves that the demand is 
 creating the supply, or we would rather say, that 
 some of God's children have heard his call to supply 
 this great need. 
 
 "Calls have been made upon these schools for 
 trained lay-workers from nearly every Northern and 
 Western State, and from some of the Southern. 
 
 "While the last Triennial Council was in session 
 at Worcester, Massachusetts, a very important be- 
 ginning in this same line of training lay workers was 
 being made in Chicago, where the woman's depart- 
 ment of the Bible Institute, founded by Mr. D. L. 
 Moody, was just commencing work, the men's de- 
 partment not being ready for occupancy. Both 
 departments were the outgrowth of Mr. Moody's
 
 Woman s Work for Women 53 
 
 long and painful experience of the crying need of 
 more practically trained men and women who could 
 reach the vast and rapidly increasing multitudes of 
 working people and of the poor and outcast in our 
 cities. The aim of the school was to furnish men 
 and women skilled in the knowledge and the use of 
 the word of God and familiar with aggressive 
 methods of work, to act as pastors' assistants, city 
 missionaries, superintendents of institutions, and in 
 various other fields of Christian labor at home and 
 abroad. 
 
 "These facts are wonderfully cheering, for they 
 prove three things : First, that pastors and churches 
 are waking up as never before to the urgent need of 
 more and better trained paid lay workers; second, 
 that consecrated men and women can be found to 
 give themselves to this work; and third, that the 
 means for securing the needed training are being 
 furnished as never before. 
 
 "Your committee beg leave to call special attention 
 to the value of Woman's Work in City Evangeliza- 
 tion. 
 
 "Our denomination has not paid as much attention 
 to this subject as it deserves not so much by far 
 as some other denominations and yet no depart- 
 ment of city lay missionary work is more important 
 than that which women, and they only, can best do.
 
 54 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 "It would be very interesting, as well as profitable, 
 to glance at the early and later diaconate as intro- 
 ductory to more modern missionary work by women ; 
 to notice how the Apostle valued women, like Phebe 
 the Deaconess, as fellow-laborers; how in the early 
 post-apostolic church the female diaconate was 
 maintained, and reached its highest development 
 under Chrysostom, bishop of Constantinople in the 
 fourth century; how it declined and died out under 
 the influence of false asceticism ; how isolated efforts 
 were made after the Reformation to restore it, and 
 how it was reserved for Pastor Fliedner, of Kaiser- 
 worth on the Rhine, to revive it permanently in the 
 modern church, so that at the Tenth General Con- 
 ference of the Associated Deaconesses Houses, held 
 in September 1891, at Kaiserworth, it was found 
 that there were sixty-three mother houses in the 
 association, with 8,478 deaconesses working in 2,776 
 fields in Germany and sixteen other countries, ex- 
 tending from Palestine to the United States. It was 
 Fliedner's object to restore in all its aspects the de- 
 voted disciplined service of Christian women to the 
 Church. 
 
 "It would be very instructive to further trace the 
 history of this movement in our own country, where 
 the Evangelical Lutheran and the Protestant Epis- 
 copal and the Methodist Episcopal churches have
 
 Woman's Work for Women 55 
 
 taken the lead in training and employing deaconesses 
 in Christian work. The M. E. General Conference 
 of 1888 formally recognized and authorized the 
 female diaconate. There are now eighteen M. E. 
 deaconesses' homes in the United States, with eight 
 more under the auspices of the W. H. M. S. and with 
 two hundred and thirteen deaconesses working in 
 them. The present year the Chicago M. E. Training 
 School has sixty-two pupils ; there are eighteen mem- 
 bers of the Deaconesses' Home, and at the Hospital 
 there are twelve nurse-pupils. 
 
 "Fifty missionaries have been sent to foreign mis- 
 sion fields; ninety-nine have entered deaconess 
 work. 
 
 "But while the Methodists have led the way in 
 training women for city mission work, we are glad 
 that, while we have but a single Bible readers' school 
 under our denominational care, at Cleveland, Ohio, 
 that the Springfield, Massachusetts, school and the 
 Chicago Bible Institute, largely the result of the 
 efforts of Congregationalists, furnish opportunities 
 for the training of our young people for lay work. 
 It is worthy of note that in the woman's department 
 of the Chicago Bible Institute during the last year 
 the total number of scholars enrolled was ninety- 
 nine. Female students attend the same lectures and 
 drills as male pupils.
 
 56 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 "Great and needy as is the field for missionary 
 work among the English-speaking population of our 
 cities, and loud as the call for a very great increase 
 of lay workers among that class, the field of labor 
 among our foreign population is much more needy, 
 and calls for a proportionately much larger increase 
 in the number of workers than does the English- 
 speaking population." 
 
 This report from the pen of Dr. Schauffler, pre- 
 sented in 1892, reveals the fact that the Cleveland 
 Bible Readers' School was organized two years be- 
 fore the recognition of the female diaconate by the 
 Methodist Episcopal General Conference (1888), 
 three years before the opening of the Woman's De- 
 partment of the Moody Bible Institute, Chicago 
 (1889), and five years before the admission of 
 women to the Springfield School for Christian 
 Workers. 
 
 No doubt the example of Pastor Fliedner, with 
 which he was familiar, and the success of the work 
 of deaconesses in Germany, suggested to Dr. Schauf- 
 fler the value of this form of Christian endeavor; 
 but it was its imperative need in our growing cities, 
 with their tremendous immigrant invasion, which 
 made him bold to inaugurate it. Trained workers, 
 and a school for their training, were necessities of 
 the situation as it appeared to him.
 
 Woman s Work for Women 57 
 
 It is true that the vision first seen by him was 
 speedily seen by others. And that which was seen 
 with increasing clearness was the importance and 
 the power of the work of trained women. 
 
 Mr. Moody, after some years of experience, was 
 asked the question: "Which makes the best city 
 missionary man or woman ?" "Give me a woman 
 every time," was his reply. "I have been in a great 
 deal of city work, and I know. During the day, 
 when the men are out, the women can go into the 
 house and sit down and talk with the mother, the 
 wife and the children, and pray. Women have more 
 tact, and if we had more of them as city missionaries 
 we would have less anarchism and communism. It 
 is a great pity that women are not more used in this 
 work of reaching the masses, and do not offer them- 
 selves more frequently." 
 
 Dr. A. F. Schauffler, superintendent of the New 
 York City Mission, the brother of Dr. H. A. Schauf- 
 fler, from his experience said: "Women can go 
 where men cannot, and can reach the mothers and 
 children better than the men. Among the very poor 
 we have found that Christian trained nurses can do 
 the very best work for the Master of any. They are 
 like Goliath's sword, of which David said, There is 
 none like it, give it me.' In all the line of work in
 
 58 The Schaujfler Missionary Training School 
 
 the Y. P. S. C. E. and temperance work they are far 
 better than men." 
 
 But the Bible Readers' School, founded by Dr. 
 Schauffler, and opened in 1886 by Miss Clara Hobart, 
 was peculiar not only in the fact that it was a pioneer 
 school in the work of training women for Christian 
 work among women and children in this country, but 
 it was absolutely unique in being a school that had 
 for its purpose the training of Bohemian or Slavic 
 young women for work among their own people. 
 
 At the beginning this only was contemplated. 
 The majority of Slavic immigrants up to that time 
 had been Bohemians, and the Bohemian problem 
 absorbed attention a problem which was soon to 
 be enlarged to the Slavic problem, and then to the 
 foreign problem, and then to the problem of the 
 evangelization of all races and languages, the Eng- 
 lish-speaking peoples included. At first, however, 
 it was the Bohemian problem. 
 
 From his own acquaintance with these people in 
 their own country and in this country, from his 
 knowledge of their point of view, of their prejudices 
 and suspicions, he knew that they could be reached 
 and the gospel leaven hidden in their hearts, only 
 as it was taken to them by trained women of their 
 own nationality, whom they would welcome, who 
 could speak to them in the mother-tongue, and whom
 
 Woman's Work for Women 59 
 
 they would admit into the intimacy of their lives as 
 they could admit no one of another race, however 
 devoted and well-meaning the person might be. 
 
 A few lines from the pen of Mrs. Schauffler, writ- 
 ten some years later, will suggest the pathetic efforts 
 and heart-struggles through which he passed, and 
 by means of which this knowledge was gained : "He 
 himself could do little in the homes at that time. The 
 men were away at their work and the women were 
 timid and suspicious. Often in the evening he would 
 take a lantern and a cane, and go about the dark 
 streets trying to get acquainted with the men in the 
 homes. Nothing seemed too hard to do to help this 
 people to a true knowledge of the Gospel. For this 
 he planned and prayed and worked almost literally 
 night and day." 
 
 And thus he came to know, what others learned 
 far too slowly, that such an institution as was con- 
 templated in the Bible Readers' School was in- 
 dispensable to the Bohemian work.
 
 CHAPTER VI 
 Beginnings 
 
 It was with not a little hesitation that Miss Clara 
 Hobart accepted the invitation of Dr. Schauffler to 
 enter upon missionary work among the Bohemians. 
 It meant much to her, the surrender of her position 
 as a successful teacher in the public schools of Cleve- 
 land, with its assured income, the learning of the 
 Bohemian language which was no small task, the 
 launching out upon a doubtful experiment without 
 assured financial or moral support, for upon none of 
 the churches of the land had the light of the great 
 need and the great opportunity risen. It was all 
 with God and one man who might well be accounted 
 by his fellow men as a religious enthusiast. 
 
 Furthermore, it meant to her the training of a 
 class of young people who were so intellectually and 
 spiritually untaught that the scholars of the land, 
 and the colleges and seminaries, would have consid- 
 ered them utterly unprepared for training for Chris- 
 tian service. 
 
 It is one thing to take a class of young women to 
 whom the English language is the mother-tongue, 
 and who have had the advantage of the public 
 schools, the high school, and perhaps the college, and 
 
 60
 
 Beginnings 61 
 
 train them to be effective workers among people of 
 their own kind; and quite a different thing to take 
 those of another tongue, from alien homes, with 
 papal or infidel antecedents, untaught in the schools, 
 or having enjoyed but meager advantages, and teach 
 them the language, instruct them in the Scriptures, 
 inspire them with new ideals, and give to them all 
 that goes to make Christian character and the in- 
 telligent, sympathetic Christian womanhood which 
 is abje to reach and win and transform those of their 
 race who come to us from foreign shores. 
 
 This, however, was just what the undertaking in- 
 volved, for it was to this class of young women alone 
 at the first that the proposed School could look for 
 its pupils. It was this class only, indeed, which when 
 trained could do the work and reach the people whom 
 they were called to reach. The higher education and 
 the refinements of culture, if these could have been 
 given them, would have created a barrier between 
 them and their people; would have rendered them 
 helpless and insured failure. There is the possibility 
 a possibility too frequently realized of educat- 
 ing one away from the people, of educating out of 
 life instead of into life. To escape this possibility 
 was the problem of the school. 
 
 Furthermore, the pupils of this School were to be 
 supported for the most part during their student
 
 62 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 life. As a rule they would be without means, unable 
 to pay tuition or board or room rent, compelled to 
 work during vacation periods even to secure cloth- 
 ing. Of a necessity they would need to be carried 
 by Christian beneficence, as well as taught. 
 
 The proposition, therefore, was unique. The 
 School must be unique, as it has been throughout its 
 history, and as it still remains. 
 
 A man of less stalwart faith and courage than Dr. 
 Schauffler possessed never would have proposed such 
 an enterprise, and a woman more considerate of her 
 own interests and less devoted to Christian service 
 than Miss Hobart never would have accepted it. 
 
 But the multitudes hungering for the bread of 
 life were all about them and were swarming in upon 
 them. They were in the homes and on the streets, 
 and in the shops and factories, and in the schools. 
 
 They were the victims of superstition and 
 priestcraft and atheistic seductions. Their silent 
 appeal was irresistible. The resources for their re- 
 lief were as meager as the five barley loaves and two 
 fishes of the lad of the parable, but the same wonder- 
 working Lord was there, and there was the need 
 only of trained disciples to distribute the bread as it 
 was broken. 
 
 And so the School was opened, January 23, 1886, 
 with one pupil, Miss Anna Belsan. Miss Belsan was
 
 Beginnings 
 
 63 
 
 MR. DONLEY HOBART 
 
 MRS. DONLEY HOBART
 
 64 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 a girl who had been led into the Christian life 
 through the influence of one of the Protestant Sab- 
 bath Schools of Cleveland, and connected herself 
 with the Bethlehem Sabbath School. She wished to 
 be helpful to her own people and had already at- 
 tempted missionary work, but was wholly inex- 
 perienced and untrained. This girl Dr. Schauffler 
 brought to Miss Hobart as her first pupil. Miss 
 
 MISS ELLA HOBART 
 
 Hobart's own room in her father's house was their 
 schoolroom, and the pupil was received as a member 
 of the family. 
 
 The Slavic work in the United States has had no 
 more loyal and devoted friends and supporters than 
 the family of Mr. and Mrs. Donley Hobart. Next 
 to Dr. Schauffler himself the Christian church is 
 indebted to this family for the successful inaugura- 
 tion of this work. Although the School increased
 
 Beginnings 65 
 
 in numbers, the home of Mr. and Mrs. Hobart re- 
 mained the home of the School for two and a half 
 years, and until the burden of so large a family 
 became too great for the aging mother. 
 
 In 1888 a second daughter, Miss Ella Hobart, gave 
 herself to the same work, to which as an inspiring 
 Christian teacher she is giving her life. 
 
 In the later years the observance of Founders' 
 Day has become an established custom in the life 
 of the School, and brief historical sketches given by 
 Mrs. Clara Hobart Schauffler and Miss Belsan, on 
 the occasion of the twentieth anniversary, present 
 graphically the events of those years of beginnings. 
 Said Mrs. Schauffler : 
 
 "I remember hearing Mr. Schauffler once tell 
 a little story in one of his addresses. A very 
 little girl ran out into the garden on a warm 
 day in April and, spying three little green sprouts 
 coming up in a warm corner, she ran into the house 
 in great excitement crying, 'Oh, auntie, come and 
 see the spring!' and so I ask you to look back with 
 me to January 23, 1886, and see the spring of this 
 School. 
 
 "It was a very little beginning, not as many pupils 
 as the litle girl saw sprouts in her garden, only one 
 pupil, one teacher and one director. We met in the
 
 66 
 
 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 little room in the wing of my father's house at 1254 
 Broadway, and Mr. Schauffler gave Miss Anna Bel- 
 san into my charge. It might have been difficult to 
 say which was teacher, for we taught turn about, 
 I taking lessons of her in Bohemian, and she of me 
 in the Bible. Together we studied in the mornings 
 
 HOUSE ON BROADWAY WHERE THE SCHAUFFLER MISSIONARY 
 TRAINING SCHOOL BEGAN 
 
 and visited in the afternoons. Miss Belsan did the 
 visiting. All I could do was to say, 'Jak se mate,' 
 when I went in, and *S Bohem' when I came out, 
 stroke the cat, smile at the baby, and pray the Lord 
 to bless what she was saying. That fall, 1886, Jen- 
 nie Makovicka, one of our Bethlehem girls, and
 
 Beginnings 67 
 
 Fannie Bocek, from St. Paul, joined us, and a little 
 later Miss Reitinger from Austria. The next fall, 
 1887, we had five new ones coming two from Wis- 
 consin, one from Chicago, Miss Calkin (the first 
 American pupil), from Iowa City, and Miss Anna 
 Hodous from Bethlehem. Miss Calkin was older and 
 more mature than the rest, and at the close of one 
 year of Bible study she was graduated, although she 
 did not cover the work that is now required. 
 
 "In June, 1888, my little study was too small for 
 our class, so we secured a back room upstairs in 
 Rev. J.'R. Nichols's house, across the street. 
 
 "I had been studying Bohemian for an hour or 
 more a day, and I remember that at this time I 
 thought I ought to begin to teach the Bible in Bohe- 
 mian. I tried for several days, until my pupils be- 
 sought me to talk in English. 
 
 "It became evident that in another year we must 
 have a home for our school, as my mother could no 
 longer be burdened with such a large family. A 
 house at 1572 Broadway was secured and friends 
 helped us to furnish it very plainly, and the School 
 assembled in its new home in September, 1888. 
 
 "Mr. Schauffler began to plan immediately for a 
 permanent home for the School. Our Congregational 
 people gave liberally, as did also our Presbyterian 
 friends and some other denominations. The corner-
 
 68 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 stone was laid on the 19th of May, 1890. The mat- 
 ter of furnishing the new home was presented to 
 the ladies of our churches and they responded very 
 generously. In all, $1,000 was raised for furnishing. 
 By the middle of October the building was ready and 
 our school moved into our beautiful, commodious 
 new home. 
 
 "I need not tell you of those who came to us as 
 the years went by, except to tell you that ninety 
 young women have been in our School for a longer 
 or shorter period, and that of the fifty graduates 
 Bethlehem has furnished fifteen. 
 
 "Now, although I have told you of the springtime 
 of the School, we hope that the twenty years is but 
 the springtime, and that the School may grow and 
 increase and serve the Kingdom of our Master until 
 the knowledge of the Lord shall cover the earth as 
 the waters cover the sea." 
 
 Miss Belsan, the first pupil, spoke especially of her 
 early experiences in missionary work among the 
 Bohemians previous to the organization of the 
 School. "It was twenty years ago on the fifth of 
 January," she said, "that I made my way for the 
 first time as a recruit to receive orders from my 
 General, dear Dr. Schauffler. How well I remember 
 it all. The study, the list of names, the wise counsel
 
 Beginnings 69 
 
 and the earnest prayer for my guidance, for wisdom, 
 and for the power of the Holy Spirit. I was young 
 then, and inexperienced. And, oh, how timid, weak, 
 ignorant and incapable I felt for the work ! But the 
 will was there, and a firm resolve to do the very best 
 I knew how. With these, with my Bible and some 
 tracts as weapons, backed by my General's courage 
 and powerful prayer, I started out for the first time 
 to make war against the enemy of souls, who at that 
 time, I assure you, reigned supreme among our 
 people. 
 
 "I went about quietly, working my way into the 
 homes, all sorts of homes. At first the women looked 
 rather suspiciously at me. It was a new thing for 
 women to go about thus. Some thought that I had 
 something to sell I presume because I carried a 
 satchel and they shook their heads through the 
 window or crack of the door and said, 'Me no buy, 
 me no buy.' Then I would say, 'I have nothing to 
 sell, I have merely come to visit you.' And they 
 would exclaim, 'You are a Bohemian,' and as a rule 
 the door would be opened for me to enter. Then I 
 would present them with a tract or two, invite them 
 out to church, ask them to send the children to Sun- 
 day School, and so on. My Bible usually attracted 
 attention, as I always carried it so it could be seen. 
 At such a time I would open it to some suitable place
 
 70 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 and read. Often I had a very attentive listener. But 
 imagine how disheartening it must have been when 
 you thought your listener was taking it all in, to be 
 interrupted in the middle of the chapter by 'What a 
 pretty dress you have; what did it cost a yard?' 
 
 "Some thought I had come to solicit funds for 
 some purpose, and to ward me off would begin to tell 
 me about their misfortunes, lack of labor and small 
 wages. When I tried to assure them that I had come 
 for no such purpose, they looked at me as if they 
 thought that incredible. 
 
 "As the work grew more and more difficult, the 
 field broader, as people became more curious and 
 asked difficult questions, I felt very much the need 
 of knowing how to use the Word of God better. We 
 also became conscious of the fact that the field 
 needed more workers. And, oh! how we prayed, 
 Dr. Schauffler and I, that the Lord might supply 
 the means and provide a good teacher. And the 
 Lord did. He supplied the means and the very best 
 of teachers, one who not only expounded the Word 
 to us with her lips, but her whole life was to me a 
 constant interpretation of the Scriptures. 
 
 "If I have been successful in doing any good in 
 the different fields I have labored in, if I have in- 
 fluenced any souls for Christ, all the credit is due to 
 Dr. and Mrs. Schauffler, my dearest and best friends,
 
 Beginnings 7 1 
 
 for by the grace of God, through them I was made 
 fit to do so." 
 
 For two years and one term the School found its 
 first home in the rented house on Broadway. During 
 this time Miss Mary Anna Peck of Oberlin served 
 as its Matron. Of this period she has written as 
 follows : 
 
 MISS MARY ANNA PECK 
 
 "The opening of the Bohemian Bible Readers' 
 Home, so called, occurred in the fall of 1888, in Sep- 
 tember, with the opening of the school year. A 
 private residence on Broadway was rented, and to 
 it the members of the Bible Readers' School came 
 from the home of Miss Hobart, where they had been 
 boarding. I think eight first came, and for earnest- 
 ness of aim they have not been excelled. Marie 
 Reitinger, Bertha Juengling, Barbara Slavinsky, 
 Mary Pipal, Josephine Duba, Anna Sipek, Anna
 
 72 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Hodous, and others. The house was bare. The 
 Woman's Societies of the Congregational churches 
 of Cleveland were asked to contribute furniture. 
 Plymouth and Euclid Avenue churches gave new, 
 cheerful carpets for the parlor and sitting-room. 
 Very little else was new. There was much placing 
 of furniture, only to see it removed as some other 
 article, better adapted to the place, was received. 
 Slowly and with indefatigable effort as well as with 
 patient waiting was the home builded, but it was a 
 home in the truest sense of the word, to which tired 
 workers came and gained strength, to which the 
 woes of the neighborhood were brought. 
 
 "The schoolroom was upstairs, with a daily 
 school session during the morning. Three after- 
 noons each week were devoted to calling. Some of 
 the students knew no English. It must first be 
 taught. There were many happy home occasions ; 
 the Sabbath afternoons and evening; Christmas 
 time with its Christmas tree, its gifts, the brothers 
 and sisters of the Home girls, the cheery grate fire 
 and merry laughter, preceded by the Christmas din- 
 ner, enjoyed by the happy Bohemian babickas. 
 Then there was Easter and Thanksgiving. When 
 after two years and a half of loving harmonious 
 companionship, we moved 'out of the old into the 
 new,' prepared and furnished with such painstaking,
 
 Beginnings 73 
 
 the common remark was, 'We can never have such a 
 home again.' " 
 
 The opening of this first home of the School was 
 publicly recognized, November 14, 1888, in a recep- 
 tion tendered to the members of the city churches 
 who had contributed to its furnishing, when con- 
 gratulations were extended, and a hearty apprecia- 
 tion of the purpose of the School, and of the work 
 that it had already accomplished, were expressed in 
 addresses by the pastors of the Plymouth and First 
 Congregational churches, Dr. George R. Leavitt, and 
 Rev. Henry M. Tenney.
 
 74 The Schauffler Missionary Training School
 
 CHAPTER VII 
 The New Home 
 
 During the early years of Slavic Missions in Cleve- 
 land the work was carried on under the direction of 
 the Cleveland Bohemian Mission Board. This Board 
 was incorporated March 14, 1884, and was composed 
 of the contributing churches of the city, as repre- 
 sented by their pastors and one member from each 
 church. 
 
 Leading men of the churches, deeply interested 
 in the work from its beginning, were the incor- 
 porators of this Board, namely : Mr. S. P. Churchill 
 of Plymouth Church, Deacon C. T. Rogers of the 
 First Church, Dr. A. G. Hart of the Jennings Avenue 
 Church, C. E. Allyn ; later, Deacon L. F. Mellen suc- 
 ceeded Mr. Churchill and served with great fidelity 
 and efficiency until the dissolution of the organiza- 
 tion. 
 
 To these men and to their associates on the Bohe- 
 mian Board, the Slavic Mission work in Cleveland 
 is greatly indebted. Dr. Schauffler was their Super- 
 intendent and leader always, but they were his ad- 
 visers and strong supporters. Dr. Schauffler's work, 
 moreover, was exceedingly varied and complex, and 
 it increased upon him with the development of the 
 field. 
 
 75
 
 76 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 As the Bible Readers' School progressed, official 
 responsibility for its existence and support was 
 assumed by the Bohemian Board, whose work was 
 administered through committees of which Dr. 
 Schauffler was usually the chairman. It was the 
 desire of the Board, however, that as early as pos- 
 sible some arrangement might be made by which the 
 School should become a National organization. 
 
 From the first it was apparent that if the School 
 was to be permanent it must have a home of its own. 
 While occupying the hired house, the work of its 
 students and graduates had attracted the attention 
 of a wide constituency, and the School had received 
 the official recognition and hearty endorsement first 
 of the Congregational pastors and churches of Cleve- 
 land and vicinity, then of the Ohio Congregational 
 Conference, and later of the National Council of the 
 Congregational Churches. 
 
 The first step looking toward the erection of a 
 permanent home was taken when Mrs. Merriam, of 
 Springfield, Massachusetts, the mother of the first 
 Mrs. Schauffler, gave her pledge for $1,000 for this 
 purpose. This pledge was given in 1888. About a 
 year later, Mr. E. W. Metcalf, of Elyria, Ohio, 
 pledged an equal sum, with the offer of a consider- 
 able additional loan provided the work was under- 
 taken at once. Sums in smaller amounts were
 
 The New Home 77 
 
 contributed; Presbyterian friends especially, inter- 
 ested in the great common work of the uplift of the 
 Slavic immigrants, giving generously. With this 
 beginning, and with a stalwart faith in God and in 
 his people, the work was undertaken. A site was 
 secured on Fowler street, just in the rear of the 
 Bethlehem Congregational Church, and in the midst 
 of the Slavic district, for which $1,850 was paid. 
 
 On the 19th of May, 1890, the cornerstone of the 
 new Home Building was laid with appropriate exer- 
 cises. There were devotional services and addresses 
 by the Rev. I. W. Metcalf, Rev. P. E. Kipp and Dr. 
 Schauffler. Prayer was offered in Bohemian by Rev. 
 E. Wrbitzky, and the stone was laid, the list of ar- 
 ticles incased in it being read by the assistant pastor 
 of Bethlehem Church, Rev. J. R. Nichols. 
 
 From the laying of the cornerstone the work of 
 building was pressed steadily on, as the work of the 
 School was uninterruptedly pursued in the tem- 
 porary home, until October 13th, when Miss Peck, 
 the Matron, with her student family moved into the 
 new building. 
 
 The furnishing of this new home, as in the case 
 of the old, was the work of the friends of the School 
 in the neighboring churches. Oberlin is said to have 
 given impetus to this work first by the gift of eighty 
 dollars for the furnishing of the living-room. This
 
 78 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 was supplemented by a memorial gift of $100 for a 
 library. Wellington gave another eighty dollars for 
 the parlor. Memorial rooms were furnished, the 
 first by the friends of Mr. and Mrs. Engle, ardent 
 Bethlehem Sunday School workers. A Schauffler 
 memorial room was furnished, and when the formal 
 opening of the home took place every room was 
 equipped. 
 
 The formal dedication was deferred until New 
 Year's eve, December 31, 1890. The exercises on 
 this occasion, together with the satisfactions and 
 anticipations of the friends and workers in charge, 
 find their best expression in a circular letter issued 
 soon after the event: 
 
 LETTER 
 
 "To the Friends of the Bohemian Mission Work 
 and Contributors to the building and furnishing of 
 the Bible Readers' Home in Cleveland: 
 
 "Dear Friends It is our pleasant duty to announce 
 to you the successful completion and dedication, free 
 from debt, of the Bible Readers' Home, a picture of 
 which we present above, and which, situated in 
 Cleveland, is the center of the Woman's Missionary 
 Work for women and children among the Slavic pop- 
 ulation of our land, which population already num- 
 bers toward two millions and is rapidly increasing.
 
 The Nev> Home 79 
 
 "To make you partakers of the joy of the dedica- 
 tion, we give you, first, extracts from a letter written 
 by one of the invited guests : 
 
 'Cleveland, January 5, 1891. 
 
 'The Bible Readers' Home in Cleveland, having 
 been completed, furnished and occupied since Oc- 
 tober last, the friends and the Board have been anx- 
 iously looking forward to the time when it could be 
 dedicated free of debt. In answer to the many 
 prayers that were offered, the Board were able to 
 state that they had sufficient money to pay all the 
 last bills and to dedicate on the last evening of the 
 old year. 
 
 'The day was very stormy, but notwithstanding, 
 a goodly number was gathered together, some from 
 other cities, to attend the dedicatory exercises, the 
 first part of which were in Bethlehem Mission 
 Church adjoining the 'Home.' The programme was 
 very interesting, indeed. Miss Clara Hobart, Prin- 
 cipal of the School, read a statement on 'The Work 
 of the School at Home and Abroad,' to which all 
 listened with the deepest interest, as she showed 
 not only what work the Bible Readers had done, but 
 the still great need of their labors. The report of 
 the building committee, . by the Rev. J. R. Nichols, 
 and of the Treasurer, Mr. L. F. Mellen, excited
 
 80 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 astonishment in many present, when they heard how 
 the needs of the School had so pressed upon the 
 Board that with hardly one third of the money 
 needed in sight, they had commenced to build. Feel- 
 ing so strongly the indications of Divine leading, 
 that they trusted the Lord to furnish the needed 
 means ; and they did not trust Him in vain, for the 
 building, which cost a little over $8,000, was all pro- 
 vided for, the lot costing $1,850, having been paid 
 for before the building was commenced, and they 
 had not been obliged to borrow a cent, or pay a 
 cent of interest. 
 
 'The closing exercises were in the 'Home.' A 
 beautiful anthem was sung by the Bohemian choir, 
 and responsive readings from the Scriptures by the 
 pupils and teachers, read in Bohemian and English, 
 after which the Dedicatory prayer was offered by 
 Rev. J. G. Fraser, D. D., in English, and Rev. H. A. 
 Schauffler, D. D., in Bohemian. The friends were 
 then at liberty to examine the 'Home/ which is 
 truly a home in every sense of the word. On the 
 first floor are the parlor, sitting-room, dining-room, 
 matron's room, recitation-room and kitchen. On the 
 second floor are ten chambers, bath and storeroom. 
 The furnishing has been supplied by individuals, 
 Churches and Sunday Schools, Ladies' and Young 
 People's Societies, and though plain is very taste-
 
 The New Home 81 
 
 fully done. In the attic where more chambers can 
 be finished off when the requirements of the School 
 make it necessary, is a gymnasium, which affords 
 the pupils not only great pleasure but also great 
 benefit. 
 
 'In going through this simply but tastefully fur- 
 nished and commodious structure, and in looking on 
 the bright faces of the pupils, it hardly seems pos- 
 sible that five years ago the work was commenced 
 with only one pupil and without any means of sup- 
 port. Though the School is entirely dependent for 
 its support upon the voluntary contributions of 
 friends of the cause, individuals, Sunday Schools, 
 Ladies' and Young People's Societies, no one present 
 could have a doubt but that it was the Lord's work, 
 and that, as He has provided the means in the past 
 for the erection of the building and support of the 
 pupils, He certainly in the future will put it into the 
 hearts of His people to provide for its needs. 
 
 'It is to be hoped that many who are not 
 acquainted with the work of this School may hear 
 of it and realize all that it is doing; how its pupils 
 are going out all over the land to carry the Gospel 
 to their own people. This School is one of the 
 brightest signs of promise for the evangelization of 
 those multitudes of our foreign population who are 
 without the Gospel. 'One of the Guests.' "
 
 82 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 'The following, from the pen of Rev. W. F. Mc- 
 Millen, District Secretary of the S. S. and P. S., 
 which appeared in the 'Congregationalism of Jan- 
 uary 15th, 1891, will also be of interest: 
 
 'The influence of this Bible Readers' School ex- 
 tends already to Toledo, Chicago, St. Paul, Iowa City, 
 Wahoo, Nebraska, St. Louis, and Pittsburgh, Penn- 
 sylvania, where its pupils are doing successful serv- 
 ice in a new and very difficult field of labor. In a 
 recent large gathering of friends invited to visit Mr. 
 Moody's Institute in Chicago, he said that 'what the 
 churches want is a force of visiting women, who will 
 go from house to house with the Gospel, giving it 
 to women with little children and brutal, drunken 
 husbands, and going, not once or twice, but a dozen 
 times, until the desired results are reached.' This is 
 precisely what the Bible Readers' School is training 
 young women to do for the foreign population. 
 
 'Thanking you most heartily for your interest in 
 this work and your gifts to it, and asking for your 
 continued prayers in its behalf, we are 
 
 'Very truly yours in the Master's service, 
 Clara Hobart, Principal. H. A. Schauffler, 
 
 J. R. Nichols, 
 Committee in Charge of the Bible Readers' School.' "
 
 CHAPTER VIII 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 
 
 The completion of the permanent Home afforded 
 enlarged accommodations for the School, and made 
 the reception of a larger number of students pos- 
 sible. The Bohemian Board, therefore, in view of 
 a seemingly providential demand, and in accordance 
 with resolutions passed by the different Congrega- 
 tional organizations in their endorsement of the 
 School, determined to enlarge the scope of its work. 
 Admission was extended to any young woman with 
 the necessary qualifications, who wished to prepare 
 herself for missionary or Bible reader's work among 
 any class of the population, instead of limiting it as 
 formerly to Slavic young women only. 
 
 This enlarged plan was entered upon with the 
 opening of the school year of 1890. It involved an 
 enlargement of the course of instruction and an in- 
 crease in the number of instructors to meet the 
 needs of all entering. 
 
 A general course of Bible study in both the Eng- 
 lish and Bohemian languages was provided, with the 
 study of particular books of the Bible, Bible and 
 Church history, methods of Christian work, vocal 
 and organ music, elocution, and English and Bohe- 
 mian grammar. 
 
 83
 
 84 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Classes for the review of the common English 
 branches were formed, but American young women 
 were not encouraged to enter until they had mas- 
 tered the elements of an English education. 
 
 Especial provision was also made for lectures on 
 practical subjects connected with missionary work 
 by the pastors of the city, and on the care of the 
 sick by competent physicians and nurses. House to 
 house visiting was required as a part of the course, 
 and one hour a day of household work. The entire 
 course contemplated three years for its completion, 
 although it was expected that more advanced pupils 
 would be able to graduate in two years. 
 
 The estimated expense of the course to the pupils, 
 including tuition, room and board, was not to exceed 
 $200, and especial aid was offered to a limited 
 number who were unable to meet all of their own 
 expenses. 
 
 The School was at this time the only Bible Read- 
 ers' School connected with the Congregational 
 denomination from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and 
 the only school of any denomination which aimed 
 to prepare women missionaries to work for foreign 
 people in their own language. The School entered 
 upon the enlarged plan with nine pupils, and seven 
 teachers who gave regular or occasional lessons. 
 
 Miss Clara Hobart continued her work as the de-
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 85 
 
 voted and efficient Principal, living, however, not in 
 the new Home, but remaining with her own people. 
 In 1892 she was united in marriage with Dr. 
 Schauffler. 
 
 After three years of faithful and enthusiastic 
 service, Miss Anna Peck resigned her position as 
 Matron, and her place in the new Home was filled by 
 Mrs. E. G. Baldwin, of Painesville, Ohio. 
 
 MRS. E. G. BALDWIN 
 
 For the purpose of establishing a regular channel 
 of intercourse between the School and its efforts, and 
 to keep the Christian public informed of the work 
 of the School, there was established a paper pub- 
 lished quarterly known as The Bible Reader. The 
 first number was issued January 1, 1892. 
 
 The work of a School once established and 
 equipped, partakes largely of the nature of routine. 
 It receives new pupils year by year, and graduates 
 those who have completed their course. There are
 
 86 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 the ever-recurring hourly and daily tasks, ordered 
 by the familiar bells ; the quiet reverential worship 
 of the chapel service, the cheerful gatherings at the 
 the tables for the common meal, and the fun and 
 informality of the household and recreation hours; 
 the hard work on unfamiliar themes of the study 
 hours, and the dread and horror of the examination 
 days. But it is by means of this routine life, with 
 the intimate personal fellowship and friendship of 
 teacher and pupil, and the familiar companionship 
 of pupils with each other, that high ideals are 
 inspired, minds and hearts enlarged, character 
 disciplined and developed, a real entrance made upon 
 the life which is life indeed, and the pupil prepared 
 for the larger and more independent service which 
 lies beyond. 
 
 This was the life of the Bible Readers' School 
 during the years just succeeding its establishment 
 in the new Home building. 
 
 As Slavic churches were developed in centers of 
 immigration throughout the land their pastors were 
 careful to select choice young women from their con- 
 gregations and Christian Endeavor Societies, in- 
 terest them in personal Christian work among their 
 own people, and secure their admission to the School 
 for their especial training. They were from dif- 
 ferent branches of the Slavic race, and from other
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 87 
 
 races also Bohemians, Poles, Slovaks, Servians, 
 Croatians, Lithuanians, Magyars, Russians, Ger- 
 mans and Italians, as well as Americans, a cosmo- 
 politan company, with all the tongues of Babel, from 
 peoples inheriting age-long racial and religious an- 
 tipathies and antagonisms. But in the Bible School 
 they were brought together as members of one fam- 
 ily ; and under the leadership of teachers with whom 
 there was neither Jew, Greek, bond nor free, but all 
 one in Christ Jesus, all the barriers gave way, and 
 they became sisters indeed in the joy of the common 
 life, and in the inspiring purpose of a loving min- 
 istry to those of their own people who were less 
 highly favored than themselves. 
 
 During those early years the School experienced 
 no great enlargement in the number of its pupils. 
 Two or three were graduated each year, and went 
 out to find the work which the Lord had prepared 
 for them, and for which they were now prepared. 
 
 Of the graduates of the first six classes it is of 
 interest to note that one has been the devoted 
 teacher of the Bohemian Bible in the School during 
 all the succeeding years, and has at the same time 
 engaged in personal missionary work in connection 
 with one of the Bohemian churches of Cleveland. 
 One, the wife of a Congregational minister, has her- 
 self received ordination to the Christian ministry,
 
 88 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 and with her husband has served both in pastoral 
 and evangelistic work with notable success. Four 
 others are the wives of Slavic ministers, and are 
 thus seeking to Christianize the homes of their 
 people through the agency of both the home and the 
 church. Others have found their work in missions 
 in widely separated parts of the United States in 
 the crowded cities of Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Chicago, 
 and St. Louis, and in the smaller towns and farming 
 communities of Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Iowa, Min- 
 nesota, and other Western States. It was a "far- 
 flung battle line" which these pioneer graduates of 
 the Bible School sent out into the great world-field 
 which waits to be conquered by the spirit of friend- 
 ship, brotherhood and sacrificial service for Christ. 
 
 In view of the peculiar difficulty of reaching the 
 families of Polish immigrants, who were coming in 
 large numbers to our cities, the school-year of 
 1891-92 was spent by Miss Ella Hobart in Poland, 
 for the purpose of familiarizing herself with the 
 people in their home land, and of perfecting herself 
 in their language, that she might more efficiently 
 work with Polish students and with the Polish fami- 
 lies of the city. 
 
 In 1893, Mrs. Baldwin resigned her position as 
 Matron, and was succeeded by Miss Anna Gross, 
 who served until 1901.
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 89 
 
 The ever present and imperative problem of every 
 educational and missionary institution is that of its 
 financial support. Especially was this true of the 
 Bible Readers' School. It sprang from the fact that 
 upon the heart of one man there was rolled peculiar- 
 ly the burden of a Babel world with an Ishmaelitish 
 spirit. Through the leavening influence of this 
 School he sought to contribute his part to the har- 
 monizing of the discordant tongues by the incoming 
 and outworking of the spirit of Christ. 
 
 But dependent students must be supported, tables 
 must be spread, salaries, however meager, must be 
 paid, and the Home must be maintained and kept in 
 repair. 
 
 At first, the dependence was solely upon the re- 
 sponse to the appeals, both private and public, made 
 by Dr. Schauffler. As the work became organized, 
 the appeals were issued in the name of the Bohemian 
 Mission Board of Cleveland. Ingathering and Har- 
 vest appeals were sent out year after year by the 
 teachers of the School, and generous contributions 
 of fruits and vegetables and table supplies were 
 furnished. 
 
 Later, the work of the Bohemian Board and the 
 teachers was supplemented by a Board of Lady Vis- 
 itors, which represented the women of the Congrega- 
 tional churches of Cleveland, and which did excellent
 
 90 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 service in looking after and providing for especial 
 needs of the Home. 
 
 In 1896, this Board, feeling that its efficiency and 
 usefulness to the School and the work the School 
 represented could be greatly increased by a more 
 complete organization, reorganized as a Woman's 
 Board of Counselors. 
 
 This Board was composed of two members from 
 each of the Congregational churches of Cleveland, 
 and one member from each Christian Endeavor 
 Society. 
 
 Mrs. J. G. Fraser was elected its first President, 
 and it was made the especial endeavor of the organ- 
 ization to acquaint the Woman's Home Missionary 
 Unions of the entire country with the aim and work 
 of the School, and to enlist their cooperation in its 
 support. 
 
 As the work of the School represented especially 
 Woman's Work for Women, and as its alumnae were 
 engaged in missionary work in many of the great 
 immigrative centers of the land, it was increasingly 
 felt that its organic relations should be with the 
 Women's Unions of the land, and that it should be 
 able to look to them for support. 
 
 Earnest efforts to accomplish this end were made 
 by the Board of Counselors ; and to bring the matter 
 more directly to the attention of these Unions a com-
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 91 
 
 munication was prepared by the officers of the Bohe- 
 mian Board, which Dr. Schaufner was instructed to 
 present to the officers of the Unions who were to 
 meet in New Haven, June 2, 1896, in connection with 
 the Anniversary of the Congregational Home Mis- 
 sionary Society. 
 
 This communication is of historic interest, and so 
 fully represents the conditions and aspirations of 
 that time that, with unimportant omissions, it is 
 presented here : 
 
 * The Bohemian Board 
 To the Woman's Home Missionary Unions 
 
 "To the Woman's Home Missionary Unions of our 
 country the Bohemian Mission Board of the Congre- 
 gational Churches of Cleveland, Ohio, sends greeting 
 and respectfully asks a careful consideration of the 
 following statement and the subjoined requests : 
 
 "There is no more important and Christlike work 
 than that which trained and consecrated female mis- 
 sionary workers can do, who visit the homes of the 
 unevangelized, native and foreign, win the confidence 
 and affection of women and children, and carry the 
 transforming influence of the Gospel into families 
 and communities hitherto strangers to such bless- 
 ings. The lack of such an agency with which to 
 reach the Bohemian homes of Cleveland led to the
 
 92 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 starting, in 1886, of the Bible Readers' School, with 
 one teacher and one pupil. Though, so far, the 
 pupils have been mostly Bohemians, who have en- 
 joyed few educational advantages, the results during 
 the ten years of the School's existence have been 
 most gratifying. The three years' course of study 
 and training in practical missionary work has fitted 
 the pupils to do excellent work in various fields in 
 six States, work that is fundamental, essential and 
 full of blessing, as the reports of National, State and 
 City Congregational Home Missionary work done 
 among Bohemians, Poles and Slovaks abundantly 
 testify. 
 
 "The Congregational Ministers' meeting of Cleve- 
 land recognized the importance of this School and of 
 the work it is doing when, in 1889, it fully endorsed 
 it and took measures to secure its recognition by the 
 General Association of Ohio, which (in 1889) voted 
 to 'most heartily endorse the proposed enlargement 
 of the work of the Bible Readers' School in Cleve- 
 land, whereby young women of different nationali- 
 ties can be qualified to be effective helpers of our 
 pastors and churches in the important work among 
 the neglected people of our cities of both native and 
 foreign birth.' The National Triennial Council of 
 Congregational Churches, which met in Worcester, 
 Massachusetts, in 1889, gave its cordial endorsement
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 93 
 
 of the School in almost the same words. As the 
 School grew and a building in which to house it be- 
 came a necessity, means were contributed by friends 
 in various parts of the country, and a very con- 
 venient Home (with the ground valued at about 
 $12,000, and calculated to accommodate twenty-four 
 pupils) was erected close to the Bethlehem Church 
 of the Bohemian Mission. It is free from debt. The 
 number of pupils is now ten, of whom one is a Ger- 
 man, one a Slovak and the rest Bohemians. 
 
 "Though the School is training missionaries for the 
 wide field of our country, as some one must own the 
 property and manage the School, the Bohemian Mis- 
 sion Board of Cleveland, though a local Missionary 
 Society and representing only Cleveland Congrega- 
 tional Churches, at the request of Superintendent 
 Schauffler consented to assume this responsibility. 
 
 "The salaries of the teachers are paid partly by the 
 Bohemian Mission Board, backed by the Ohio Home 
 Missionary Society, and partly by the Congrega- 
 tional Home Missionary Society. The Ohio W. H. M. 
 Union pays $600 annually toward the salaries of two 
 teachers, and the Vermont W. H. M. Union pays 
 $400 annually on Miss Reitinger's salary. The Am- 
 herst, Massachusetts, Ladies' Missionary Society 
 contributes fifty dollars annually toward the current 
 expenses of the School, which amount to about
 
 94 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 $2,000 a year for board of pupils, fuel, light, one 
 servant's wages, etc. (the cost of each pupil's board 
 amounting to about one dollar and twelve cents a 
 week) , and a member of the Central Congregational 
 Church in Brooklyn, New York, pays fifteen dollars 
 a month to the same fund. All the current expenses 
 have so far been defrayed by private contributors, 
 none of our National or State Congregational Mis- 
 sionary or Educational Societies, except the A. M. A., 
 having any funds to use for such expenses. 
 
 "As our denomination's missionary work expands, 
 and the call for laborers who can reach the neglected 
 portions of our population, especially that in great 
 cities, and among our immigrants, becomes louder 
 and more painfully urgent, and the need of comply- 
 ing with the advice of the Worcester Triennial Coun- 
 cil more apparent this Board feels that the time 
 has fully come when the women of our churches 
 throughout the land should take hold with all vigor 
 of this School, the only one of the kind in the whole 
 country owned and controlled by our churches, as 
 they did long ago of the noble work of training 
 women for missionary work in our foreign Mission 
 fields. 
 
 "The Bethlehem Bible Readers' School and Home 
 is owned by the Bohemian Mission Board of Cleve- 
 land, which is the legally incorporated representative
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 95 
 
 of the Cleveland Congregational Churches, and 
 stands to the Ohio Home Misionary Society in the 
 carefully defined relation of an aided church, the 
 Ohio Home Missionary Society being itself an auxil- 
 iary of our National Congregational Home Mission- 
 ary Society. Besides this, there exists a special 
 written agreement between the Bohemian Mission 
 Board, the Ohio Home Missionary Society and the 
 Congregational Home Missionary Society, by which 
 the Congregational Home Missionary Society agrees 
 to aid the Ohio Home Missionary Society in support- 
 ing the Bohemian Mission Board's work. Thus it 
 is plain that the Bible Readers' School and its work 
 is really a part of the great work supported and car- 
 ried on by the Congregational Home Missionary 
 Society, and is essential to the success of our Na- 
 tional work, because it furnishes female missionaries 
 who can reach our foreign elements as, we believe, 
 no other school in the country is doing. We believe 
 the time has come when this work should pass over, 
 as far as is possible, into the hands of the women 
 of our churches, through the W. H. M. Unions. It 
 most naturally belongs to them, being Home Mis- 
 sionary work for women and children. They ought 
 to, and will, take the deepest and most intelligent 
 interest in it and will be best able to enlist for it the 
 sympathies of Congregational women all over the
 
 96 The Schauffier Missionary Training School 
 
 country; through their interest in it many young 
 women will learn of the School and the opportunities 
 it opens up to them of preparing for women's work, 
 and will consecrate themselves to it; many friends 
 will be raised up to contribute to its support, and 
 our churches generally will be led to take a more 
 active part in maintaining the graduates of the 
 School in the many needy fields that are calling for 
 their Christlike influence and labors. If the W. H. M. 
 Unions adopt this School and its work, extending its 
 scope in accordance with the advice of the Triennial 
 Council, so as to train female missionaries for all 
 parts of our Home Mission field, we, as a denomina- 
 tion, will no longer lag so far behind our Methodist 
 friends, who, within the last ten years, have de- 
 veloped a noble Woman's Home Missionary work 
 through the army of Deaconesses whom they have 
 trained and are training in the more than thirty- 
 five Deaconess Institutions, situated in as many im- 
 portant centers, with 389 Deaconesses. 
 
 "So far, our Home Mission work has been one- 
 sided, scarcely any female missionaries having been 
 employed. In the last Annual Report of the C. H. 
 M. S., the number of male missionaries employed 
 during the year by the C. H. M. S. and its Auxiliaries 
 was 1,977 ; the number of commissioned female mis- 
 sionaries forty-eight, of whom twelve are engaged
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 97 
 
 in Slavic work and eleven in English H. M. work 
 in Vermont, and five in Indian Missionary work in 
 Indian Territory, leaving twenty for all the rest of 
 the H. M. Societies' great fields. This proportion 
 must be greatly changed if our Home Mission work 
 is to be as effective as it ought to be and as it can 
 be. The efficiency of a male missionary in a great 
 city is greatly increased by the aid of even one 
 female helper, and in New England notable exam- 
 ples have proved the same in respect to work in the 
 rural districts. The benefits that will accrue to our 
 whole Home Missionary work from an energetic 
 prosecution of the work of training and then employ- 
 ing competent female missionaries, cannot be esti- 
 mated. This we believe to be the especially ap- 
 propriate work of the W. H. M. Unions. Under their 
 care, the Cleveland Bible Readers' School and Home 
 will not only itself normally develop into a most im- 
 portant center of woman's work for women and chil- 
 dren, but it will become the mother of other Schools 
 and Homes of the same kind in other parts of our 
 country. 
 
 "Deeply impressed with the practical importance 
 of the views we have expressed, we respectfully pre- 
 sent to the W. H. M. Unions of our country the 
 following requests : 
 
 1. We request that each W. H. M. Union appoint,
 
 98 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 as soon as possible, one of its members as a com- 
 mittee, whose duty it shall be to obtain information 
 about the Bethlehem Bible Readers' School and 
 Home and the work it and its graduates are doing; 
 to disseminate such information among the W. H. 
 M. Union Branches and Societies connected with her 
 State W. H. M. Union and to enlist their interest in 
 support of the work. 
 
 2. We request that the W. H. M. Unions devise 
 some plan by which they can virtually adopt the 
 Bethlehem Bible Readers' School and the missionary 
 work it represents as their own, and provide the 
 means needed for their support and progressive en- 
 largement. 
 
 We will only add that we would much prefer to 
 make over the School wholly to the W. H. M. Unions, 
 with the property valued at about $12,000, but, there 
 being legal and constitutional difficulties in the way, 
 we are desirous to have a plan devised by which, 
 while we still continue to hold the property and man- 
 age the School, the W. H. M. Unions shall have as 
 large a virtual ownership in and control of the School 
 as possible. 
 
 (Signed) L. F. MELLEN, President. 
 HORACE FORD, Secretary. 
 
 Cleveland, O., May 4, 1896."
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 99 
 
 "To this Statement and Requests, Mrs. Kellogg 
 answered June 22d, on behalf of the officers of the 
 W. H. M. Unions, acknowledging its reception, say- 
 ing that it had been read to the meeting and adding 
 that great interest was manifested in the subject, 
 and further stating that, as the Unions are organ- 
 ized to work under the National Home-land Soci- 
 eties and cannot therefore do independent work, if 
 the work represented by the Bethlehem Bible Read- 
 ers' School should be assumed by the Congregational 
 Home Missionary Society, it was thought that the 
 Unions would contribute to its support. This an- 
 swer is encouraging. Whenever the officers of the 
 Congregational Home Missionary Society can see 
 their way clear not only to let the W. H. M. Unions 
 pay salaries of the teachers of the Bible Readers' 
 School through the Home Misionary Society's treas- 
 ury, as they now do, but also to appropriate enough 
 to pay all its expenses, they will thus make it pos- 
 sible for the W. H. M. Unions themselves practically 
 to adopt and to support the School and its graduates 
 in the field, dividing up the expenses among them- 
 selves. This would awaken much greater interest 
 and kindle much more enthusiasm for Woman's 
 Work for Women and Children in the Home-land, 
 and doubtless lead to results proportionate to the 
 greatness of the field and the urgent character of
 
 100 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 the work that waits to be done. What woman who 
 loves Christ and her country, who longs to see the 
 neglected women and children of our great cities and 
 rural districts reached with the Gospel, who wants 
 to have woman do that part of the work of regen- 
 erating our country for which she is specially fitted, 
 that will not earnestly pray and labor for the speedy 
 accomplishment of this object!" 
 
 In separate form this communication was also sent 
 to the presidents of all of the Woman's Home Mis- 
 sionary Unions of the country, accompanied by a 
 letter from Dr. Schauffler giving additional informa- 
 tion concerning the extensive work which Deacon- 
 esses are doing in Germany, and the rapidly growing 
 work of the Methodist Episcopal Deaconesses in the 
 United States. Responses to this communication 
 were very encouraging. They expressed deep in- 
 terest in the School, and indicated that the Unions 
 were ready to adopt and support the School when- 
 ever the Congregational Home Missionary Society 
 was able so to adjust its organization and work as to 
 make it possible for them to do so. 
 
 For the present, however, matters could only re- 
 main as they were ; and one week before the opening 
 of the school year, September 14, 1896, it was a 
 serious question whether, in view of prevailing
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 101 
 
 financial distress, and the fact that the treasury of 
 the School was worse than empty, that is to say in 
 debt, it would not be necessary to notify the pupils 
 not to return until means for their support should 
 come in. 
 
 After prayer and careful consideration, however, 
 it was decided that it would be a shameful lack of 
 trust in the faithfulness of a kind Heavenly Father, 
 who had generously provided for the wants of the 
 School during the ten years of its existence, if it 
 should now call a halt. 
 
 No such notice, therefore, was issued, and the 
 pupils came back, eight in number, knowing nothing 
 of the embarrassment of the School, and soon kind 
 hearts and helping hands relieved the distress, and 
 enabled the work to be continued. 
 
 The Ingathering and Harvest Home meeting, held 
 at the Home, November 5, 1896, was an especially 
 pleasant and fruitful occasion. Friends and gifts 
 came from near and far, and the warm practical in- 
 terest manifested was most encouraging. The re- 
 ports of the Principal and Matron, presented at that 
 time, afford glimpses of the inner life and work of 
 the School which are worthy of permanent record. 
 
 Mrs. H. A. Schauffler, Principal of the School, 
 gave an account of the course of study pursued, as 
 follows :
 
 02 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 "Although the Bible Readers' School has for sev- 
 eral years been open to Americans, yet the majority 
 of the pupils are of foreign parentage. At present 
 there are five different languages spoken in the 
 School. Realizing that a Bible Reader must be 
 acquainted with the language in which she is to 
 bring the Bible to the people, we have provided for 
 the study of the Bible in Bohemian, Polish, German 
 and English. The course of study in a Bible-train- 
 ing school properly includes the Bible, Church His- 
 tory, the study of Missionary fields and the methods 
 employed in missionary work, preparation for hold- 
 ing meetings, vocal and instrumental music. But 
 because of the lack of previous education of many 
 of the pupils, much elementary work has had to be 
 done, that the minds of the pupils might be suffi- 
 ciently broadened and disciplined to comprehend 
 properly the Bible and carry it to others. For this 
 reason many of the pupils have been taught the Eng- 
 lish language and the common branches, as well as 
 the grammar of their own language. The standard 
 of the School has been raised since its beginning, so 
 that less of such work is necessary now than for- 
 merly, but we cannot yet look forward to doing away 
 with it entirely, if we hope to prepare Polish, Slovak, 
 German and Hungarian girls for missionary work. 
 "It seemed necessary to add vocal and instru-
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 1 03 
 
 mental music to the course, as Bible Readers and 
 Church visitors are expected to do such a variety of 
 work in Sunday Schools and in Mothers' and Chil- 
 dren's meetings. 
 
 "Now a word as to the method of Bible study. 
 Our aim is to give a practical working knowledge of 
 the Bible. We seek to make our pupils familiar with 
 the facts of Old Testament history and their sig- 
 nificance, but especially to give them a thorough 
 knowledge of the life and teachings of Christ as 
 given by the four Gospels, and the life and teachings 
 of Paul as contained in the Acts and Paul's principal 
 Epistles. We recite the stories of the life of Christ, 
 and try to find the lessons which the Master meant 
 for ourselves and those to whom we wish to carry 
 His truth. We relate all of Paul's experiences by 
 land and sea. We give the argument in his Epistles. 
 We analyze, paraphrase and explain the difficult pas- 
 sages as well as the Commentaries at hand and our 
 own meditations enable us. We give the history of 
 God's people from Eden to Babylon and back to 
 Jerusalem. We preach the sermons of Isaiah, com- 
 ing into close sympathy with him and the other 
 prophets as we find out their surroundings and the 
 circumstances which called forth their earnest 
 words, and in all our study we try to find God's mes- 
 sage in the use of the Word for the help of others.
 
 104 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 "Each pupil in the three years' course does her 
 share of cooking. She is taught how to have good 
 meals and give needed variety without being ex- 
 pensive. But is this training for mission work ? We 
 think so. If anyone doubts that this is a means to 
 an end, when the bell rings at nine o'clock let him 
 go to recitation-room and listen to the Bible lessons. 
 'Why,' was asked the other day, 'when there is so 
 much outside work to do, would it not be just as well 
 to let the house go untidy ?' There was a little turn- 
 ing of the heads to the window, and the answer 
 came, 'God shows us by everything that He has 
 made that He loves order and beauty.' Girls who 
 have taken that thought into their hearts can hardly 
 be otherwise than neat in appearance. 
 
 "Two dollars a month and contributions of partly 
 worn clothing is all the help they have, except when 
 they get missionary work to do for a month or two 
 in their summer vacations at thirty dollars a month. 
 What exceedingly touches the writer is the self- 
 sacrifice with which those who have graduated send 
 something for the Home out of their scanty pay. It 
 may be a long-needed kitchen utensil, washing ma- 
 chine, a lamp, curtains or money. 
 
 "We wish to express gratitude for all the kindness 
 shown the pupils, but especially do wish here to rec- 
 ognize the interest shown by some of the Young
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 105 
 
 Ladies' Missionary Societies of Cleveland. They 
 never forget that these young ladies are not objects 
 of charity, but that they have chosen this as their 
 life work because of their great desire to help their 
 own people, and that they are giving up all that 
 many other young ladies consider essential to happi- 
 ness. So graciously has the assistance been given 
 that it has not left the least feeling of being patron- 
 ized. 
 
 "We feel sure that if the young women all over 
 our land could become acquainted with the Bethle- 
 hem Bible Readers' School and Home, they would 
 be stimulated to go and do likewise. Most of the 
 pupils could earn more money doing secular work 
 than they will ever receive in Mission work. If they 
 are willing to give themselves, shall they not have 
 the sympathy and support that they need ? And yet, 
 lest we give the impression that there is nothing 
 but sacrifice on their part, we hasten to add that 
 these young women do not look at it in that light, 
 and that happier young Christians cannot be found." 
 
 Miss Anna A. Gross, the Matron of the Bible 
 Readers' Home, reported on the daily work of the 
 pupils and their Home training. She said: 
 
 "It is easy to talk of work with enthusiasm and 
 still give no definite information; and so I have 
 been asked to give the daily routine of the Bible
 
 1 06 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Readers' School, also what is attempted in the Home 
 training. 
 
 "It could hardly be a school for training pupils to 
 do Mission work without first being a good home. 
 The daily routine averages about as follows : From 
 half-past six to half-past seven, breakfast, worship, 
 and a little time for each one alone. Five mornings 
 each week the pupils have one hour of house work, 
 and not less than two and one-half hours of organ 
 practice and recitations. Monday, Wednesday and 
 Thursday afternoons are given to missionary visit- 
 ing among the people. Tuesday evening Bohemian 
 pupils attend prayer meeting and some have choir 
 practice afterwards. Each is expected to work in a 
 Girls' Club Wednesday evening or Sewing School 
 Saturday afternoon. However, when they do this 
 they are excused from missionary visiting one after- 
 noon. Friday afternoon there is a lesson in Physical 
 Culture, and Sunday School teachers' meeting in the 
 evening. The rest of Friday and all Saturday they 
 arrange their work as they choose, including study 
 of the Sunday School lesson, preparation of Mon- 
 day's lesson, cleaning their own rooms and doing 
 their own washing, ironing and mending. Sunday 
 all teach in Sunday School, attend morning service, 
 and in the evening the C. E. meeting and preaching 
 service if they choose.
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 107 
 
 "The above programme makes no allowance for 
 the extra calls on their time and strength which the 
 work brings. The fact that they are deeply inter- 
 ested in Bible study is what enables them to learn 
 such good lessons in so little time. 
 
 "But an account of school and outside work does 
 not belong to this report. As before stated, each 
 pupil assists five hours a week in the general work 
 of the house. No one who has not lived in such 
 smoke as this, where curtains show the dirt in one 
 week, and windows in one day, can realize what keep- 
 ing clean means. As the people among whom they 
 work have the same problem to meet, this training 
 is good. How to do this thoroughly, and with as 
 much ease as possible, becomes a study. Pupils are 
 encouraged to bring in any new ideas as to better 
 methods. With it they all learn that no work de- 
 grades one, if done because it is the work the Master 
 has given; that it helps build true womanly char- 
 acter. It is hardly necessary to say that there must 
 be systematic training to accomplish all the ordinary 
 work in a house so large that it requires two large 
 furnaces to heat it, for the only extra help is one 
 servant and a small boy about one hour a day with 
 the furnaces. 
 
 "That full credit may be given to the conscientious 
 spirit with which each pupil does her work, it must
 
 1 08 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 be remembered that one woman alone is responsible 
 for the house in every particular; that she has all 
 the calls and correspondence incident to such a 
 Home, has to attend to the needs of the girls as a 
 mother would, has twelve recitations a week, many 
 of them Bible lessons which require hours of prep- 
 aration, and a part of the year takes charge of the 
 Girls' Club of Bethlehem Church. 
 
 "We wish that others might see the pleasure with 
 which corners are dug out ; dishes are washed with- 
 out breaking the edges; everything mended, from 
 table linen to carpets and rugs, 'to look like new and 
 last a long time' ; all the mysteries of lamp-cleaning 
 studied; sanitary rules learned." 
 
 During the years 1897 and 1898 the chief burden 
 which rested upon the minds and hearts of the offi- 
 cers and teachers of the School, as in the years be- 
 fore, was its organic relations and its financial 
 support. 
 
 The negotiations with the Woman's Home Mis- 
 sionary Unions, while revealing the deep interest of 
 these organizations in the School, had failed of prac- 
 tical results because of their relations with the Na- 
 tional Congregational Home Missionary Society. In 
 the "Bible Reader" of April, 1897, there appears an 
 editorial, from the pen of Dr. Schauffler, entitled, 
 "How to Do It," which seeks to point the way to a 
 solution of the difficult problem.
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 1 09 
 
 In this editorial he says, in part : "Ever since the 
 proposal was made, a year ago, that Woman's Home 
 Missionary Unions adopt and sustain the Bible Read- 
 ers' School, the question has been asked repeatedly, 
 'How can the W. H. M. Unions do this ?' Some have 
 answered, 'They cannot. Their constitution requires 
 that they make all their contributions for Home Mis- 
 sionary work through the Home and Congregational 
 Missionary Societies, which precludes making grants 
 for the support of pupils and other expenses of the 
 Bible Readers' School not provided for in the regular 
 appropriations of the C. H. M. S.' 
 
 "The Unions can help pay the salaries of Home 
 Missionaries who teach in the Bible Readers' School, 
 which the Vermont, Connecticut and Ohio Unions 
 are now doing, but until the C. H. M. S. puts the sup- 
 port of Bible Readers' School pupils and other cur- 
 rent expenses of the Bible Readers' School and Home 
 into its regular schedule of expenditure, or annual 
 apportionment, the Unions cannot contribute to such 
 expenses. 
 
 "The simplest and easiest solution of this ques- 
 tion, which has proved to many a perplexing one, 
 would be for the C. H. M. S. to formally adopt the 
 Bible Readers' School as wholly its own, and put 
 into its yearly apportionment an amount especially 
 designated to meet all the expenses of the Bible
 
 1 I The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Readers' School, including salaries of teachers and 
 all other expenses. This amount could then be 
 divided among the W. H. M. Unions, thus giving 
 them, through the C. H. M. S., the actual support 
 and virtual ownership of the School and Home, and 
 bringing the School and its graduates into a natural 
 and organic connection with the Unions that can- 
 not but prove most stimulating and beneficial to all 
 the interests concerned. In the January, 1897, num- 
 ber of this paper we stated that we look with confi- 
 dence to this solution in the near future. In the 
 meantime every Union and every local Home Mis- 
 sionary Society will have to decide for itself whether 
 it can and ought to contribute anything directly to 
 the support of pupils (as Illinois did for several 
 years when pupils from Illinois were in the School) , 
 and other current expenses, or not. 
 
 "But whatever individual societies may decide, 
 one thing is certain : Unless the Home Mission work 
 with which the Bible Readers' School is closely con- 
 nected is to sustain a severe loss and a most dam- 
 aging setback, the Bible Readers' School must be 
 supported and enabled to continue and normally de- 
 velop its special work. And if it must be supported, 
 some one must support it. For reasons already given, 
 we do not feel at liberty to appeal to the W. H. M. 
 Unions, as a whole, for aid. But we do hereby most
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations I I I 
 
 earnestly ask help toward defraying the current ex- 
 penses of the Bible Readers' School from such 
 Unions and local Woman's Missionary Societies as 
 feel free to aid our School and are willing to do what 
 the Illinois W. H. M. Union has done, what the Am- 
 herst, Massachusetts, Ladies' Missionary Society has 
 done for years past, and what the Euclid Avenue 
 Congregational Church has recently done, viz., con- 
 tribute directly to the current expenses, including 
 support of pupils of the Bible Readers' School. 
 
 "To individual friends of this work we make our 
 most urgent appeal. This we can do without any 
 reserve, always taking for granted that no funds 
 intended for other Home Mission objects will be 
 diverted to this one. That would be 'robbing Peter 
 to pay Paul,' which always works mischief. Had 
 it not been for the noble generosity of individual 
 friends of this work, without regard to denomina- 
 tion or nationality, the Bible Readers' School would 
 never have been called into being, and could not have 
 been maintained. Should not the reasons that 
 have moved these large-hearted givers to sustain 
 this work influence many others to follow their 
 example ?" 
 
 Dependent thus still upon individual societies and 
 individual givers, who heeded and responded to this 
 and like pathetic appeals, the work was continued;
 
 12 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 and that the name of the School might better ex- 
 press its enlarged scope and character, it was 
 changed with the opening of the school year, 
 1897-98, from "The Bethlehem Bible Readers' 
 School" to "The Bethlehem Bible and Missionary- 
 Training School." 
 
 In 1898 the number of its pupils had increased 
 from eight to eleven, of whom five were Anglo- 
 Americans, three Bohemians, one Magyar and two 
 Slovaks. 
 
 There was ample room in the Home for more, and 
 Dr. Schauffler was urgent in his appeals, in view of 
 the growing need, for an increase in numbers, and 
 urgent also in his continued efforts to secure a na- 
 tional organization and support. The immediate 
 fruit of his urgency was a compact with the Congre- 
 gational Education Society, the announcement of 
 which appeared in the "Bible Reader" for July, 1898, 
 as follows : 
 
 "The Bethlehem Bible and Missionary Training 
 School has safely passed through a trying time in 
 its history. Both the Home Missionary Society and 
 the Ohio Home Missionary Society, through which 
 several Woman's Home Missionary Unions have been 
 paying the salaries of missionaries who spend either 
 the whole or a part of their time in teaching in the 
 School, came last year to the conclusion that, begin-
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations 1 I 3 
 
 ning with October, 1898, they could no longer aid in 
 doing educational work, which does not properly- 
 come within their sphere. 
 
 "They recommended that the Education Society 
 be asked to support the School. 
 
 "This the Education Society declined to do, only 
 on account of lack of means; but subsequently its 
 Directors, in a meeting held June 13, 1898, unani- 
 mously adopted a new proposal made to them, and 
 took the following action : 'Voted, 1. That the Con- 
 gregational Education Society hereby recognizes the 
 Bethlehem Bible and Missionary Training School as 
 a Missionary Institution connected with it and under 
 its care. 2. That the Congregational Education So- 
 ciety assumes no responsibility for the support of 
 the School, such responsibility to remain as hereto- 
 fore with the Bohemian Mission Board of Cleveland, 
 which will continue its appeals to friends and 
 Woman's Home Missionary Unions, though hereafter 
 with the sanction of the Congregational Education 
 Society. 3. That all contributions and gifts are to 
 be sent to the Treasurer of the Bethlehem Bible and 
 Missionary Training School, who, under the direction 
 of The Bohemian Mission Board of Cleveland, will 
 make regular reports of such contributions to the 
 Treasurer of the Congregational Education Society 
 and make out an annual account of receipts and 
 expenditures.'
 
 14 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 "This action gives the School an acknowledged 
 standing as a Missionary Educational Institution of 
 the Congregational body, and makes it possible for 
 the Woman's Home Missionary Unions to adopt it 
 and contribute to its support in a regular manner." 
 
 While this arrangement with the Education So- 
 ciety relieved the School of its organic isolation and 
 independence it is apparent that it in no wise re- 
 lieved Dr. Schauffler and his co-workers of the bur- 
 den and labor of money-raising. Instead it put back 
 again, definitely and formally, the entire responsibil- 
 ity for the support of the School upon their shoul- 
 ders. It was for that reason, therefore, an unsatis- 
 factory and undesirable arrangement. 
 
 That it was the result not at all of a lack of ap- 
 preciation of the work which the School was doing, 
 but solely due to the supposed limitations of the 
 organizations and functions of the different societies 
 and the pressure of recognized responsibilities, was 
 made apparent by the expressions of interest and 
 confidence made by leading representatives and offi- 
 cers of the Societies. Early in June, 1898, the Con- 
 gregational Home Missionary Society held its Anni- 
 versary Meeting in Cleveland. At the close of the 
 afternoon session, on the 8th inst., a tea-reception 
 was given at the School to members in attendance 
 upon this meeting. Nearly a hundred sat at the
 
 Financial Problems and Home Missionary Relations I I 5 
 
 tables. The time was recognized as critical in the 
 history of the School. Addresses were made by Dr. 
 W. E. Barton, of Boston, who represented the Board 
 of Directors of the Education Society ; by Mrs. Alice 
 Freeman Palmer, of Boston ; Mrs. Louise A. Kellogg, 
 Secretary of the Massachusetts W. H. M. Associa- 
 tion; Miss Ellen R. Camp, President of the Con- 
 necticut Association, which had for several years 
 supported Miss Ella Hobart as missionary among 
 the Poles of Cleveland and teacher in the School; 
 Mrs. H. S. Caswell, of the National C. H. M. Society ; 
 Dr. Josiah Strong, and Dr. Nehemiah Boynton, then 
 of Detroit, who felt deeply the pathos of the situa- 
 tion, and spoke of his own church as being the only 
 church in the country that had a Polish branch con- 
 nected with it, and told with much feeling of the 
 admirable work of the Bible Reader trained in this 
 School, without whose aid their Polish missionary 
 would not have been able to accomplish his excellent 
 work. From all present came expressions of strong 
 confidence in the School, and their sense of the im- 
 perative need of the work that it was doing. Said 
 the Senior Secretary of the Congregational Home 
 Missionary Society, Rev. J. B. Clark, D. D. : "Re- 
 specting the Bethlehem Bible and Missionary Train- 
 ing School, you may say for me that I regard the 
 institution as indispensable to the Slavic work. Its
 
 1 I 6 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 purpose and what it has already accomplished com- 
 mend it to every friend of home missions in the 
 country. It is not from any want of confidence in 
 the institution or of faith in its necessity that the 
 Home Missionary Society has withdrawn from or- 
 ganic connection with it; but only because educa- 
 tional work is outside of the charter of the Home 
 Missionary Society. I commend it most heartily to 
 all who are interested in Slavic home missionary 
 work."
 
 CHAPTER IX 
 Early Missionary Experiences 
 
 The School has always endeavored to keep in the 
 closest possible touch with its graduates, acquainting 
 itself with their successes and trials, encouraging 
 the discouraged, counseling the perplexed, and con- 
 tinuing to be to them a home indeed to which they 
 could turn and return for refreshment and cheer. 
 
 The records of the School are rich in personal his- 
 tories of the older graduates, and in incidents from 
 their experiences among the people with whom and 
 for whom they were laboring. Of those biographical 
 and missionary notes, the following from the pen of 
 Dr. Schauffler appeared in the "Bible Reader" of 
 October, 1900, under the heading of 
 
 "A Noteworthy Story" 
 
 "For months after commencing Bohemian Mis- 
 sionary work in Cleveland, the writer sought in vain 
 for a converted Bohemian. One Sabbath evening, 
 after making a missionary address in Woodland Ave- 
 nue Presbyterian Church, in which he sought to win 
 sympathy for the large spiritually destitue Bohe- 
 mian community, a young lady introduced herself as 
 Miss Bertha Juengling, a Bohemian. She had at- 
 tended that Church's Sunday School and services, 
 and had accepted Christ as her Saviour. But the 
 
 117
 
 1 I 8 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 strong opposition and worldly influence of unbeliev- 
 ing friends had drawn her back into her former life. 
 This she lamented, and proved her sincere return to 
 Christ by aiding in the newly commenced Bohemian 
 Mission. After the opening of our Missionary Train- 
 
 -/ 
 
 MRS. BERTHA JUENGLING HARRIS 
 
 ing School, she longed to enter it and devote herself 
 wholly to missionary work. But obstacles, seem- 
 ingly insurmountable, stood in the way. Prayer re- 
 moved the mountains and she entered the School. 
 After finishing the course of study, during which 
 she learned Polish, she entered on Missionary work 
 for Poles in Toledo. It was one of the hardest of 
 fields and not without its element of danger. De- 
 nounced by the Polish priest, she fearlessly visited 
 him to ask the reason. She nursed the sick and 
 dying, whom neither priest, Levite nor physician 
 cared for. So self-sacrificing and arduous were her 
 labors, that her health gave way. In the meantime,
 
 Early Missionary Experiences 1 1 9 
 
 she had become engaged to an English divinity stu- 
 dent at Oberlin, who now married her and became a 
 home missionary in Iowa. Rev. Rupert W. Harris 
 was ably seconded by his wife, who developed such 
 ability as a preacher that some years later she was 
 ordained to the Gospel ministry. Last year she 
 preached before the Iowa General Association with 
 much acceptance, what 'Congregational Iowa* called 
 'a well thought out and eloquent sermon, which cap- 
 tivated her audience.' 
 
 "The 'Advance' correspondent spoke of her as 
 'everywhere a spiritual power.' 
 
 "Another field needed this ministerial couple. The 
 old Storrs Church in Cincinnati was nearly ready to 
 die. Secretary J. G. Fraser, D. D., was asked to pro- 
 vide it with a minister. He did better than that. 
 He provided it with two, and two who are so much 
 one that they will never cause a division in a church. 
 The result has been most happy. During the first 
 three months of their labors, Mr. and Mrs. Harris 
 had the joy of receiving over sixty into the Church. 
 The Christian Endeavor Society has been revived, 
 the audience-room renovated, and the Church saved 
 and strengthened to do greatly needed Christian 
 work in a community of over 10,000 within half a 
 mile of its building, where there is no other organ- 
 ized English Protestant church.
 
 1 20 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 "More than this, a mile and a half from Storrs 
 Church, on the heights, is a small Congregational 
 church, called Plymouth, which was also about to 
 die a natural death. Mr. and Mrs. Harris were asked 
 to add that field to their already large parish, which 
 they did. Since then, over forty have been added to 
 that church, which feels the pulsations of a new life 
 and is girding itself to minister to the spiritual 
 wants of a large and intelligent community, in which 
 it is greatly needed. Its courage and hopefulness 
 were recently evinced by its entertaining the Miami 
 Conference of Churches, to which it belongs, which 
 greatly rejoiced with its hosts over the blessing that 
 has come to Plymouth Church. 
 
 "Two churches in large and important fields saved 
 to Christ and His work within one year, that is a 
 record for which to thank God. Unaided by his de- 
 voted and efficient wife, Mr. Harris would not have 
 had time and strength to do the needful work or bear 
 the heavy burdens, and had it not been for the Mis- 
 sionary Training School in which Mrs. Harris re- 
 ceived her training for missionary work, she would 
 not have been fitted to do the work she is now doing. 
 The moral is self evident. Incidentally is shown the 
 reflex blessing which comes to our English work 
 from Christian work for our population of foreign 
 parentage."
 
 Early Missionary Experiences \ 2 1 
 
 In a later issue we are given a glimpse of one of 
 the important Slavic Mission centers, and are per- 
 mitted to share the missionary's experience and feel- 
 ings as she engages in her work. 
 
 A PROMISING FIELD 
 
 Miss Vasicek reports : 
 
 "As I look back over the last three months' work, 
 in spite of many obstacles I cannot but feel en- 
 couraged. When I started my work here among the 
 Slovaks and Poles the middle of October, it seemed 
 to me that I would never be able to do it ; the work 
 seemed so different from that among the Bohemians, 
 and hard on account of not being able to understand 
 the Slovak dialect well. Besides, the condition and 
 ways of living of these people are so unlike anything 
 I have ever seen or even thought of existing in our 
 civilized country. But more than once the Lord has 
 shown me just how and what to do when I most 
 needed His aid. 
 
 "Most of the people live in colonies six to twelve 
 men in two or three small rooms, with one woman 
 to do all the work for them. They are given to 
 drinking, and neglect their families. The condition 
 in their homes is truly pitiable. It is hard to de- 
 scribe the sin and misery that exists in these homes. 
 When I returned home after calling on these people
 
 1 22 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 in the tenement district the first day, my heart ached 
 to think that men and women who are created in the 
 image of God are living such lives. Now it all seems 
 familiar, but, nevertheless, looks as terrible every 
 time. The Lord grant the Christian people may 
 know the condition, the sin, the want, the misery, 
 of the Slovak people, and open their eyes to see the 
 great need of cleansing the souls and bodies and 
 homes of this district. 
 
 "On the other hand, if we look upon the families 
 that have been brought to Christ we feel encouraged. 
 The contrast is great. The homes are no more filled 
 with filth, but are clean in every corner ; sin and mis- 
 ery no more find an abiding place there, but heavenly 
 peace, love for the Master, and missionary zeal abide 
 there. 
 
 "As most of these people are Catholic, it is very 
 hard to get them to read the Bible. A short time 
 ago I stopped at a house where two women were 
 standing. I spoke to them, and immediately one of 
 them asked me : 'What do you want here V I said : 
 'I brought you a message which is written in this 
 book/ showing her the Bible. She turned to her 
 neighbor and said, 'Oh, don't have anything to do 
 with her, she is a Salvationist, (as they call us) . So 
 away the woman started for home, letting out a few 
 oaths, and saying that she would read the Bible her-
 
 Early Missionary Experiences 123 
 
 self if she wanted to, and that I need not come any- 
 more. 
 
 "The Bowery Mission Industrial School which is 
 under the W. C. T. U. of McKeesport, in which I 
 assist, is a wonderful means of reaching the poor 
 neglected children. We have over sixty children. 
 By getting acquainted with them I can reach the 
 parents much more easily. I have introduced a new 
 system of sewing, which has been readily adopted 
 and seems to create new interest and zeal for the 
 work. I have also started a missionary sewing 
 society for the Slovak women in Duquesne, in which, 
 besides sewing, we spend some time in reading God's 
 Word. 
 
 "There are also cases where people get interested 
 in the Bible the first time I call upon them, as, for 
 example, a young Polish woman whom I found sick 
 in the hospital is eager to read the Bible, and begs 
 me not to forget to call and read to her as often as 
 possible. I will ask of all who read this to please 
 remember this work before the Master in their 
 prayers." 
 
 In May, 1901, the first Interdenominational Con- 
 ference of Protestant Bohemian preachers and mis- 
 sionaries in the United States was held at the Beth- 
 lehem Congregational Bohemian Mission Church in 
 Chicago.
 
 1 24 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 This gathering was a striking exhibition of the 
 fruitage, after nearly twenty years, of the work un- 
 dertaken at first almost alone by Dr. Schauffler. 
 Forty-nine churches (one Slovak) , of five denomina- 
 tions, were represented by thirty-six pastors and 
 preachers. There were also in attendance ten grad- 
 uates of the Bethlehem Bible and Missionary Train- 
 ing School. An attractive part of the Conference 
 was that in which these graduates were called upon 
 to speak of their special work in homes and for 
 women and children. There were present Miss 
 Bozena Salava, working in the Chicago Congrega- 
 tional Mission; Miss Marie Novak, connected with 
 the Presbyterian Mission in New Prague, Minnesota ; 
 Miss Antonine Osinek and Theresa Prucha, of the 
 Congregational Slovak Missions in Braddock and 
 Allegheny, Pennsylvania; Miss Mary Osinek and 
 Miss Josephine Junek, of the Congregational Polish 
 Missions of Detroit, Michigan, and Ware, Massa- 
 chusetts ; Miss Anna Sipek, of the M. E. Slovak Mis- 
 sion in Pennsylvania ; Mrs. Elizabeth (Junek) Musil, 
 wife of the Rev. John Musil, of the Cleveland Con- 
 gregational Bohemian Mission; Miss Katherine 
 Vavrina, of the Congregational Bohemian Mission 
 of St. Louis ; Miss Anna Belsan, the first pupil of the 
 School, who began the work for Slovaks in Pennsyl- 
 vania and then labored in St. Louis till failing health
 
 Early Missionary Experiences 125 
 
 compelled her to desist for a time from active mis- 
 sionary service. 
 
 Miss Bozena Salava presented a valuable paper on 
 "Woman's Work in the Church." Later, by special 
 request, she presented some of her own personal ex- 
 periences in missionary work, which are especially 
 valuable as revelations of its character and of the 
 spirit with which it is successfully prosecuted. 
 
 "The best opportunities for work are among chil- 
 dren. To open their hearts, not yet hardened by 
 unbelief, and there to sow the precious seed of God's 
 love, is the most hopeful work. I have proof in many 
 children that, not only are they able to understand 
 God's truth, but also to receive it into their hearts. 
 I could write of many who are not only a help and 
 joy to me, but also to their parents. I just remem- 
 ber a boy named Charles, though I am not able to 
 call him anything else but Peter. It is just a year 
 since he began to attend my Sunday School class. 
 He could not do so sooner because his father, a de- 
 cided infidel, did not permit it. Not until the death 
 of his father was the boy able to come. Oh, how 
 he listened in Sunday School ! Very soon, and before 
 I had asked any questions, Charles was ready with 
 an answer, and immediately answered for all the 
 rest. At home he repeats to his mother what he 
 has heard in Sunday School. Through this boy I
 
 1 26 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 have good access to the mother to invite her to the 
 Women's Meetings. Just like her child, she also 
 joyfully received the Word into her soul, and showed 
 her hunger for God's Word by asking that I would 
 let her take 'that book out of which I had read.' 
 This family gives me much joy, and I believe that 
 that dear mother will soon openly confess Christ. 
 "Another mother once told me that she did not 
 wish to send her children to Sunday School, but 
 shortly she changed her mind and very willingly 
 said to me: 'My children are unwilling to go to 
 anyone but you. They annoyed me with this con- 
 stantly, and I am compelled to yield. And why did 
 I not wish to send them to you? I will tell you. 
 Well, I thought, who can she be that she should wish 
 to teach children about God? What can she know? 
 Now I know the use of it, and my children cause me 
 much joy. Now I have Sunday School at home 
 every little while. My children sing beautiful 
 hymns, they repeat verses, they recite the Twenty- 
 third Psalm ; and this they do instead of, as before, 
 only vexing me. Now I most gladly give them all 
 over to you. (I have five children in my class from 
 that family.) Do with them what you wish, I know 
 that it will only do them good. And in order to be 
 perfectly frank with you I must also tell you what 
 one of my little children said: 'Little mother, why
 
 Early Missionary) Experiences I 2 7 
 
 don't you go to church, seeing we all go but you?' 
 You can think how I felt at that moment,' said the 
 woman. The children received no answer in words, 
 but the mother not only attends services, but has 
 also joined the church." 
 
 On the 6th of September, 1901, William McKinley, 
 the honored and beloved President of the United 
 States, was shot in Buffalo, New York, by Leon 
 Czolgosz, of Cleveland, Ohio. Czolgosz was a Pole, 
 who had drifted into infidelity and anarchy, and, un- 
 der the spell of these delusions, was goaded on to 
 his dastardly deed. This shocking tragedy fixed the 
 attention of the Nation, for the time, upon the Polish 
 race, and aroused an especial prejudice against them. 
 Naturally the interest of the School in these people 
 was intensified. The Czolgosz family lived within 
 the sphere of its influence, and was known to its 
 teachers. What was their condition? Were they 
 representative of the race? How was it that one of 
 their number was led to this deed ? Why were they 
 untouched by the Gospel, and how could they be 
 reached? Such questions as these were uppermost 
 in the minds of the multitudes. To answer them at 
 least in part, the following paper 'was prepared by 
 Miss Ella Hobart, the Polish teacher and missionary, 
 and published by the School :
 
 1 28 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 THE POLISH PROBLEM IN THIS COUNTRY 
 
 "A peculiarly tragic interest in the Polish people 
 has been awakened in this country by the assassina- 
 tion of President McKinley. Some of the Americans 
 are inclined to believe that all Poles are dangerous 
 anarchists, which is very far from the truth. Others 
 think lightly of the dangers threatening our country 
 from the presence in it of toward two million of 
 these people. Both are mistaken. The mass of the 
 Poles are not infected with anarchistic ideas. But 
 anyone who mingles with them and speaks their 
 language cannot fail to see that, unless they are won 
 for the truth of the Gospel, their presence in our 
 country is an ever growing source of serious danger. 
 Let us seek the reason and suggest the remedy. 
 
 "In less than three hundred years the Polish na- 
 tion has been brought down from the position of a 
 ruling power of Eastern Europe to being a people 
 scattered among the nations, with her country 
 divided among three European powers. Enlightened 
 as we are, by our churches and public schools, we 
 cannot realize the superstition and ignorance in 
 which the Polish peasants were kept by the nobles 
 even in the time of the nation's greatest glory. 
 
 "Add to this seven centuries of Roman Catholic 
 teaching, with all its error and superstition, and it
 
 Early Missionary Experiences 129 
 
 is not strange that the Poles do not at once make the 
 most intelligent American citizens. They are a clan- 
 nish people and hold more closely together in lan- 
 guage and customs than the Bohemians. 
 
 "The danger to our American institutions of over 
 a million and a half of people, most of whom are not 
 being Americanized by our public schools, cannot be 
 overestimated. 
 
 "A few years in America develops a new danger. 
 They have blindly followed their religious leaders in 
 their own country, but here they see that greed for 
 money takes the place of religious zeal. With dis- 
 gust, they call it all a 'humbug.' 
 
 "They profess to believe that other churches are 
 no better, and so tend to drift into infidelity and 
 anarchy. Leon Czolgosz is an illustration of this 
 tendency to infidelity and the throwing off of all 
 authority. 
 
 "While visiting at the house of Czolgosz some 
 years ago, I pleaded long and earnestly with his 
 brother to accept the teaching of God's Word; but 
 he had rejected not only what he believed to be the 
 falseness of the Roman Catholic Church, but refused 
 to look for the truth in any other. 
 
 "Strange to say, such a family can live without 
 open reproach among the Poles, not attending any 
 church, but the moment they enter our Protestant
 
 I 30 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 Mission Church, they bring down upon themselves 
 abuse and persecution. 
 
 "The conclusion is alarming. Are the Poles to 
 awake to the falseness of the Catholic Church only 
 to fall into hopeless infidelity? Facts show this to 
 be true unless they are reached with the pure Gospel 
 of Christ. 
 
 "The work of bringing the Gospel to the Poles of 
 Cleveland, in their own language, was begun some 
 years ago. Opposition was intense. The Polish 
 priest collected and publicly burnt nineteen Bibles 
 sold by our colporter. At three different times all 
 the Polish girls were taken from our sewing school 
 and the people warned against receiving us into their 
 homes. But many have received us and have re- 
 ceived the Bible as the Word of God. The Gospel 
 must be taken to them in their homes. 
 
 "A Polish woman now belonging to our church 
 said: 'It would take all day and all night to tell of 
 the blessed change in our family since I joined this 
 church, and now come and talk to my husband when 
 he is alone; it was the talking to me alone that 
 brought me.' 
 
 "This work in the homes is carried on by young 
 women who have been trained in the Bethlehem 
 Bible and Missionary Training School. So far al- 
 most the only way of reaching Polish women has
 
 Early Missionary Experiences 1 3 1 
 
 been through Bohemians. Several Bohemian young 
 women have learned the Polish language and are 
 doing good work in several places. So far we have 
 had only one Polish pupil and graduate. 
 
 "Now we rejoice to announce the arrival of three 
 Polish young women from Austrian Poland who have 
 come to fit themselves for missionary work in this 
 country. 
 
 "They have taken hold of their studies with 
 energy and zeal. I wish some of our American 
 young people could hear these young women recite 
 their Bible lessons. 
 
 "They come from the Lutheran Church in Tesch- 
 en, under Dr. Pindor, whose evangelical spirit has 
 enthused his young people with missionary zeal. 
 He accepted Mr. Moody's invitation to take part in 
 the evangelistic services at the Columbian Ex- 
 position. 
 
 "His deep interest in the work among the Poles of 
 this country is shown in his having sent us five of 
 his young people. The work is difficult but is full of 
 hope. Praying Christians must believe that the 
 Poles can be saved and will be saved. 
 
 "Noble examples of conversion and piety among 
 the Poles show that this scattered people shall yet 
 be gathered into the Kingdom of God."
 
 I 32 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 To this may be added the testimony of Miss Sla- 
 vinskie, drawn from her own experience with the 
 Poles of Bay City, Michigan. 
 
 "Knowing how heartily most Poles despise a 
 Protestant, and especially a Polish Protestant, I have 
 often wondered at their friendliness toward me. 
 Just a week ago this problem was solved. One of 
 my most intelligent women confided to me that the 
 Poles here liked me because they saw that I did not 
 shun them, but on the other hand tried to help them. 
 She said, 'As a rule, most of those of our own people 
 who happen to have a little better education than 
 others, keep aloof from us entirely and are even 
 ashamed to say they are Poles, but we are so glad 
 that you do not do this, because with several such 
 people we would be able to do a great deal toward 
 the uplifting of our wretched race.' My earnest 
 prayer is that the Lord will send out more intelligent 
 Christian workers, who will aid in uplifting the sev- 
 eral million needy Poles in the country."
 
 CHAPTER X 
 Administrative Changes 
 
 After fourteen years of most devoted and success- 
 ful service, Mrs. Schauffler, who had been the Prin- 
 cipal of the School from the start, felt that her in- 
 creasing home duties, and the growing need of a 
 Principal who should be able to devote her whole 
 time and strength to promoting the interest of the 
 School both at home and abroad, made it advisable 
 for her to retire from the principalship. The Mission 
 Board, while fully recognizing the value of Mrs. 
 Schauffler's services, which had contributed so large- 
 ly to the success of the School, could not but agree 
 with the soundness of the reasons presented when 
 she advised them of her purpose to resign. With 
 sincere regret, therefore, and with high appreciation, 
 her resignation was accepted. 
 
 The search for a new Principal was careful and 
 thorough, and covered a large territory. Persons 
 prominent in missionary training work were con- 
 sulted, and a number of possible candidates com- 
 municated with. The choice fell at length on Mrs. 
 Mary Wooster Mills, teacher in the Department of 
 English in the Western Reserve Academy of Hudson, 
 Ohio. 
 
 The notable success of Mrs. Mills in her admin- 
 
 133
 
 1 34 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 MRS. MARY WOOSTER MILLS
 
 Administrative Changes 1 35 
 
 istration of the School during the succeeding years 
 renders the following sketch of her life, which ap- 
 peared in the "Bible Reader" of April, 1899, espe- 
 cially fitting here : 
 
 "Mrs. Mills was born in Naugatuck, Connecticut. 
 When she was a year old the family removed to a 
 farm thirty miles from Elmira, New York. The 
 house was built in a clearing. The nearest neighbor 
 was one mile away, and the church and postoffice 
 four miles distant. While attending school in the 
 town she was converted and joined the church. At 
 sixteen, Mrs. Mills taught her first school in a rough 
 neighborhood. The hard experience of "boarding 
 round," and of utter homesickness, made it a mem- 
 orable summer. The following autumn she entered 
 the preparatory department of Elmira College, 
 where she studied the greater part of two years, 
 teaching each summer. In 1875, she went South, 
 under the Baptist Home Missionary Society, and 
 taught freedmen two years at Benedict Institute, 
 Columbia, South Carolina. Then followed two years 
 of study at Vassar College, marriage, and a four- 
 years' course of study at Oberlin, with the exception 
 of the last senior term, spent at Wooster, Ohio, 
 where Mrs. Mills graduated in 1885. Oberlin has 
 since given her the degree of A. M. After teaching 
 two years in the Wooster preparatory department,
 
 1 36 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Mrs. Mills removed to Oak Park, Illinois, where she 
 joined the Congregational Church. While living 
 there she was for five years a member of the Execu- 
 tive Committee of the W. B. M. I., and Secretary for 
 Children's Work of the Illinois branch. In 1895 she 
 was called to be Lady Principal of Berea College, 
 Kentucky, and in 1897 she came to Hudson, Ohio, to 
 take the Department of English and the office of 
 Preceptress in the Western Reserve Academy. 
 
 "When first invited to consider the question of 
 becoming Principal of the Bethlehem Bible and Mis- 
 sionary Training School, Mrs. Mills felt that her 
 preference would be to continue in the congenial 
 work in which she was engaged in Hudson. But 
 after a visit to Cleveland, during which she made 
 careful inquiry about the character, purpose, work 
 and prospects of the School, she concluded that it 
 offered a field of usefulness so attractive and prom- 
 ising that she felt moved to accept the invitation 
 tendered her. 
 
 "Mrs. Mills has enjoyed great educational advan- 
 tages, has proven herself a successful teacher in 
 important positions, is particularly well fitted to 
 train mind and to mould character; has had ex- 
 perience of travel in this country and Europe, is 
 thoroughly evangelical in belief and deeply inter- 
 ested in missionary work, especially in efforts to
 
 Administrative Changes 137 
 
 reach the young. The position she once occupied in 
 Illinois as Secretary of Children's Work under the 
 W. B. M. I. gave her experience which will prove of 
 value in making the Bethlehem Bible and Missionary 
 Training School better known to our Churches, and 
 especially to Christian women all over the country, 
 and in enlisting that interest and cooperation which 
 are essential to its further growth and increased 
 usefulness." 
 
 "The subjoined letter shows in what estimation 
 Mrs. Mills is held by one of our foremost Christian 
 educators, the dean of the Woman's Department of 
 Oberlin College: 
 
 'Dr. H. A. Schauffler: Dear Friend I congratu- 
 late you on the securing of Mrs. Mills as Principal 
 of the Bethlehem Bible and Missionary Training 
 School. She is a woman of resources. Her judicial 
 mind keeps her from attempting the impossible ; her 
 enthusiasm helps her to accomplish what she under- 
 takes. Added to all this, she is an earnest, practical 
 Christian. I feel sure that the logic of results will 
 prove the wisdom of your choice. 
 'Very truly yours, 
 
 '(Mrs.) A. A. F. Johnston.'" 
 
 Mrs. Mills entered upon her new duties July 1,
 
 1 38 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 1899, and it is needless to add that the experience 
 of the years under her administration has more than 
 realized and justified the wisdom of her friends in 
 her appointment. 
 
 Greetings from many sources were extended to 
 Mrs. Mills as she entered upon her work. One from 
 far away China is representative of all. Miss Mary 
 H. Porter, writing from Pang Chuang, China, to ex- 
 press her pleasure that Mrs. Mills had taken up the 
 work of training women for Home Missionaries in 
 the Bethlehem Bible and Missionary Training School, 
 said : 
 
 "From the evening, in Chicago, when my mother 
 grew so interested in Dr. Schauffler's account of the 
 opening of the work in Cleveland that she pledged 
 $100 for it, until now, I have followed the movement 
 with the deepest interest, and want to send my word 
 of greeting and Godspeed to you from across the 
 sea. I shall see the little quarterly report and watch 
 with large hopes the next steps in progress. The 
 need of trained workers in every department of 
 Christian service is more and more emphasized, as 
 in every profession, trade and handicraft, and with 
 the higher demand comes fresh opportunity. May 
 you be richly blessed in the leadership of such an 
 agency, and may the way be opened before you to 
 attempt great things for God, as you expect great 
 things from Him."
 
 Administrative Changes 139 
 
 Entering with enthusiasm upon her work, Mrs. 
 Mills at once made her influence felt, not only in the 
 classroom and in her personal intercourse with stu- 
 ents, but also in the wide field. Visiting and ad- 
 dressing the Woman's Unions in different States, she 
 ably seconded the work of Dr. Schauffler, and estab- 
 lished personal relations with the friends and sup- 
 porters of the School, which deepened interest in its 
 work and so added to its income that it was able to 
 proceed without serious embarrassment. 
 
 Something of the energy and effort with which 
 she inaugurated her work may be inferred from the 
 report which was submitted at the end of her first 
 year. Efforts for the development and increased 
 usefulness of the School undertaken along these dis- 
 tinct lines, were noted. 
 
 First. To secure more pupils by interesting the 
 pastors of the churches in finding young women 
 desirous of entering upon missionary work. 
 
 Second. To interest the entire body of the Congre- 
 gational churches in the financial support of the 
 work. 
 
 Third. To secure from the different State Unions 
 a regular pledged per cent of their Educational 
 Fund. 
 
 To accomplish these results five annual meetings 
 of the Unions, and other meetings of churches and
 
 1 40 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 associations, had been attended, and a total of thirty- 
 one addresses given, personal letters to the number 
 of 450, and mimeograph and circular letters to the 
 number of 900 had been written and sent out; 975 
 packages of literature had been mailed and ex- 
 pressed, and five new leaflets regarding the School 
 had been prepared and widely distributed. 
 
 Nineteen pupils were reported as in attendance 
 upon the School, and the activities of these young 
 women, in addition to their regular classroom and 
 domestic work, included 992 calls, 565 visits with 
 religious conversation, 811 Sunday School and 1,509 
 other services attended, and over 10,000 pages of re- 
 ligious reading distributed. 
 
 On the 14th of October, 1902, a reunion of the 
 graduates and other former pupils of the School was 
 held at the School. Twelve graduates were present, 
 and four other former pupils. 
 
 At this meeting an Alumnae Association was 
 formed, which elected Mrs. Bertha (Juengling) Har- 
 ris, President, and Mrs. Elizabeth (Junek) Musil, 
 Secretary and Treasurer. 
 
 Reviewing the work of the School at this time, Dr. 
 Schauffler stated that the School had forty grad- 
 uates, that twenty-one other pupils had been con- 
 nected with it, and that it then had eight pupils. Of
 
 Administrative Changes 141 
 
 those sixty-nine, forty-one were Bohemians, four- 
 teen Americans, seven Slovaks, four Polish, one Ger- 
 man, one Dano-American, one Magyar, and that the 
 Missionaries trained here have worked and are work- 
 ing in connection with Congregational, Presbyterian 
 and M. E. Missionary Society in forty places in thir- 
 teen states, from Massachusetts, Virginia and 
 Georgia, to Minnesota, South Dakota and Kansas, 
 for Bohemians, Poles, Germans, Americans, Slovaks, 
 Magyars, Southern Whites and Indians, several hav- 
 ing worked in the same place either simultaneously 
 or one after another, an inspiring record of an in- 
 spiring work, revealing a fruitful vine of the Lord's 
 own planting.
 
 CHAPTER XI 
 The Well Done of the Faithful Servant 
 
 To the Director of the Bethlehem Bible and Mis- 
 sionary Training School the passing months and 
 years were full of more abundant labors. As Super- 
 intendent of Slavic Missions in the United States 
 he was engaged as was the first great Missionary to 
 the Gentiles, in journeyings often. In the "Bible 
 Reader" of October, 1904, we find him apologizing 
 for the tardy appearance of that number because of 
 his necessarily prolonged absence in attending the 
 meeting of the American Board at Grinnell, Iowa, 
 the Congregational Missionary Societies at Des 
 Moines, Iowa, a visit to the Bohemian Missions in 
 Crete, Nebraska, and St. Louis, Missouri, and several 
 days spent in Cincinnati, Ohio, on missionary busi- 
 ness. 
 
 Neither by himself nor by his friends was there 
 the realization that these absorbing activities of the 
 closing year were the final activities of his fruitful 
 life. Almost his last work was the publication of 
 the "Bible Reader" of January, 1905. Late in that 
 month he was taken ill with what seemed to be 
 grippe. No one associated with him foresaw the 
 end until within a few days of his death. All hoped 
 and believed in his recovery. But He who doeth all 
 
 142
 
 The Well Done of the Faithful Servant 143 
 
 things well saw fit to take him to Himself and to the 
 rest so well earned. He entered into that rest on the 
 15th of February, 1905. The funeral services were 
 held in Bethlehem Church at two o'clock on the 
 afternoon of Friday, February 17. A concourse of 
 people filled the church to the doors. Nearly all the 
 Congregational ministers of the city were present, 
 and there was a large representation of the Bohe- 
 mians among whom Dr. Schauffler had worked for 
 twenty-five years. Rev. F. M. Whitlock, the English 
 pastor of the Bethlehem Church, gave the opening 
 words, and the Scripture was read and prayer of- 
 fered by the Rev. J. G. Fraser, the Secretary of the 
 Ohio Home Missionary Society; a brief address on 
 the life and work of Dr. Schauffler was delivered by 
 Dr. Charles S. Mills, of the Pilgrim Congregational 
 Church, and the benediction was spoken by Dr. E. A. 
 Adams, pastor of the Bethlehem Bohemian Church 
 of Chicago, Illinois. 
 
 Memorial services in Bohemian were held on Sun- 
 day night, March 26, in which all the Bohemian 
 churches united. This meeting was made especially 
 significant by the fact that all those present were 
 directly or indirectly the result of Dr. Schauffler's 
 labor. Memorial services in English were also held 
 in Bethlehem Church March 28, 1905. 
 
 At the latter service the following resolution,
 
 1 44 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 adopted by the Cleveland Bohemian Mission Board, 
 was presented : 
 
 "The biography of Rev. Henry A. Schauffler, D. D., 
 was written partly in Bohemia, partly in his work 
 among the Slavic people of America, partly in his 
 great work in Cleveland in connection with the Bohe- 
 mian Board, and partly by a Master Hand in the 
 thirteenth chapter of First Corinthians. He suffered 
 long and was kind. He envied not, was not puffed 
 up, did not behave himself unseemly, sought not his 
 own, rejoiced not in iniquity, but in the truth. 
 
 "As members of the Bohemian Board we count it 
 a special privilege to have been associated with Dr. 
 Schauffler in his peculiar and difficult work among 
 the Slavic people of this city, beginning in a small 
 way with Bethlehem Chapel and broadening through 
 the years until Cyril Chapel, Mispah Chapel, The 
 Schauffler Missionary Training School and Emanuel 
 Chapel, were built, by funds largely solicited by 
 himself. 
 
 "We bear witness to the fact that he was a man 
 sent of God to do a peculiar and great work for the 
 Slavic people, destined by his missionary inheritance 
 and by the hand of Providence to become a leader of 
 this race and to show them the marvelous light that 
 is in Jesus Christ. 
 
 "We bear witness to the fidelity with which he car-
 
 The Well Done of the Faithful Servant 145 
 
 ried out his heaven-sent mission. He was always 
 conscious that he was about his Father's business. 
 Ofttimes the burden seemed heavy and he was 
 sorely perplexed, but God showed him the way out 
 and he went forward in prayer and hope. 
 
 "We bear witness to his humble, Christlike spirit, 
 to his strong and beautiful character, to his wise and 
 patient leadership, to his indomitable purpose and 
 energy, to his faith and hope, and to his abiding 
 sense of the divine direction. 
 
 "We deeply lament his loss, for his death leaves us 
 without a human leader, but we go forward knowing 
 that, though the workman may be buried, some way 
 God will carry out his work. 
 
 "He fought the good fight, he kept the faith, he 
 now wears the crown promised to those who love 
 Christ's appearing." 
 
 It is fitting also that letters of appreciation from 
 the colleagues of Dr. Schauffler in his early mission- 
 ary work in Austria should have a place in this 
 history. 
 
 Writing from Chicago in the April number of the 
 "Home Missionary," Dr. E. A. Adams says : 
 
 "On Wednesday, the 15th day of February, 1905, 
 Rev. H. A. Schauffler, D. D., Superintendent of 
 the Slavic work of the Congregational Home Mis-
 
 I 46 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 sionary Society, heard the 'Well done, good and 
 faithful servant/ which welcomed him into the pres- 
 ence of the Master. The news of his death has car- 
 ried sorrow to personal friends in great numbers on 
 both sides of the Atlantic, but perhaps the deepest 
 sorrow has filled the hearts of a multitude in all the 
 walks of life who looked to him as their spiritual 
 father, who loved him as their self-sacrificing friend, 
 and who fear now that the work he so much loved, 
 and in which has done so much for them, may suffer 
 by his death. 
 
 "Henry Albert Schauffler was born in Constanti- 
 nople, September 4, 1837. The mention of his father, 
 Rev. William G. Schauffler, D. D., the veteran mis- 
 sionary and Bible translator, and of his mother, who 
 inaugurated female education in Turkey and who 
 never lost her deep interest in that work, indicates 
 with sufficient clearness the environment of his 
 childhood and youth. 
 
 "Graduating from Williams College in 1859, he en- 
 tered Andover Seminary, which he left at the end of 
 his second year, and after studying law at Harvard 
 University became professor in Robert College, al- 
 ready founded in Constantinople. 
 
 "In November, 1862, he was married to Miss 
 Clara E. Gray, of Springfield, Massachusetts, whose 
 life and missionary career were published by The
 
 The Well Done of the Faithful Servant 147 
 
 American Tract Society in its series of 'American 
 Heroes on Mission Fields,' and whose devotion to 
 mission work and patient endurance of trials in con- 
 nection with it, fully entitled her to a place in that 
 glorious company. 
 
 "Dr. Schauffler was connected with Robert College 
 two years and was then appointed missionary of the 
 American Board to the Turkish population. His own 
 ill-health and that of two of his children compelled 
 his return to America in 1870, where, as soon as he 
 was able, he did faithful work as representative of 
 missionary interests in colleges and seminaries. 
 
 "When it was decided by the American Board to 
 undertake the work of evangelization among Roman 
 Catholic peoples, Dr. Schauffler was chosen to 
 inaugurate the work in that empire. He went to 
 Austria with his family in the spring of 1872 and, 
 after a careful study of conditions, decided upon 
 Prague as the starting point. Here in the autumn 
 he was joined by Messrs. Clark and Adams with 
 their families. 
 
 "When in the spring of 1881 Dr. Schauffler, on 
 account of the continuous ill-health of his wife, 
 caused in great measure by the hardships and perse- 
 cutions she had suffered in Briinn, came to America, 
 it was his full intention to return to Austria as soon 
 as possible. But God had other plans for him. As
 
 1 48 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 he had been the pioneer in the work in Austria, so 
 he was to be the pioneer in a work at home, in some 
 respects, even more important. Previous to his re- 
 turn, letters had come to the Bohemian Mission in 
 Prague from a few persons, Americans as well as 
 Bohemians, who realized that there were in this 
 country 250,000 Bohemians practically destitute of 
 religious leadership and wholly out of touch with 
 American religious life. These letters had been 
 written in the hope that through the Austrian Mis- 
 sion something might be done for these neglected 
 ones. 
 
 "Dr. Schauffler's presence in this country was the 
 providential reply to these requests, and Rev. 
 Charles Terry Collins, of Cleveland, who had become 
 deeply interested in the Bohemians of his own city, 
 was the one to appreciate and avail himself of this 
 answer. At his invitation, Dr. Schauffler visited 
 Cleveland to study the situation. He found there a 
 large population as destitute of the Gospel as if they 
 lived in the wilds of Africa. 
 
 "The state of Mrs. Schauffler's health gave no hope 
 of their speedy return to Austria, and Dr. Schauf- 
 fler accepted the call to undertake Bohemian work 
 in the city of Cleveland. This work was at first 
 supported by individuals of different denominations 
 but was adopted in the fall of 1883 by the Congrega-
 
 The Well Done of the Faithful Servant 1 49 
 
 tional churches of that city, the American Home 
 Missionary Society pledging financial help. 
 
 "It was in September of this year that Mrs. 
 Schauffler, after intense suffering, her Christian 
 faith and joy growing brighter even to the end, en- 
 tered into the joy of her Lord. 
 
 "By appointment of the Congregational churches 
 of Cleveland, Dr. Schauffler became their city mis- 
 sionary, and by appointment of the Congregational 
 Home Missionary Society he became superintendent 
 of their work among all the Slavic peoples of the 
 United States, the first recognition by any national 
 society that American Christians had any obliga- 
 tions to these neglected peoples. Thus for over 
 twenty years Dr. Schauffler's name has been synony- 
 mous with Slavic mission work, he has been acknowl- 
 edged as authority on all that pertained to that work 
 and his opinion has been sought by all who had be- 
 come interested in this large and promising portion 
 of our polyglot people. 
 
 "After the untimely death of Rev. Mr. Collins he 
 had the double duty of keeping up and increasing the 
 interest in the Bohemians which Mr. Collins had 
 aroused among the churches as well as doing the 
 missionary work which that interest made possible. 
 His success in this double task is shown today by the 
 three Bohemian churches and one Polish church in
 
 150 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 that city, by one English church composed chiefly 
 of young Bohemians, and by a training school for 
 women workers without regard to nationality, the 
 fine building for which and its running expenses 
 were secured by his untiring efforts. 
 
 "In the inauguration of this work he was sup- 
 ported and greatly helped by Miss Clara Hobart, who 
 learned the Bohemian language and threw herself 
 heart and soul into the work, particularly that of the 
 training school, and thus endeared herself to the 
 large number of Bohemian young women who re- 
 ceived their training in that School. Soon after- 
 wards Miss Hobart became Dr. Schauffler's wife and 
 was his faithful helpmeet during the last years of 
 his life. 
 
 "The Bohemian work in Chicago owes its origin 
 to Dr. Schauffler's deep interest in that people and 
 to his ability to impart that interest to others. It 
 was at a gathering of leading Congregationalists at 
 the home of Hon. E. W. Blatchford that Dr. Schauf- 
 fler made the plea for the 50,000 Bohemians of 
 Chicago, which resulted in the determination of 
 Deacon C. F. Gates and Prof. Samuel Ives Curtiss 
 and a few others to do something for that people. 
 This determination culminated in the large Bohe- 
 mian church building and in all the work of which 
 it has been the center, a work for which Deacon
 
 The Well Done of the Faithful Servant 151 
 
 Gates sacrificed his life, and of this work Dr. Schauf- 
 fler, although having no direct connection with it, 
 has constantly been a loyal friend and helper. 
 
 "The training school for Slavic evangelists and 
 preachers in connection with Oberlin Theological 
 Seminary is due solely to Dr. Schauffler's vision of 
 the needs of the work and to his persistent efforts 
 to supply that need, and the men, both young and in 
 middle life, who have gone out from that school and 
 are at work today in various fields of the West and 
 Northwest with the results which under God they 
 have achieved are a living witness to his devotion to 
 highest ideals and to his ability to change ideals into 
 realities. 
 
 "At his funeral which, by his own request, was of 
 the simplest character, the church was literally 
 crowded by Bohemians of all classes and Americans, 
 who had come to honor one, who was beloved as a 
 sincere friend, a self-sacrificing benefactor and a 
 man of God gone to his reward. 
 
 "When now we undertake to sum up the qualities 
 which made Dr. Schauffler the man he was, his un- 
 swerving devotion to his convictions of duty must 
 take the first place. Whatever approved itself to his 
 intellect as duty, was always the thing for him to 
 do at whatever cost. No argument was strong 
 enough to lead him to any other course compro-
 
 1 52 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 mise, when duty was at stake, was wholly omitted 
 from his vocabulary. Whether he was organizing a 
 church in Bohemia, or deciding as to who should be 
 admitted to the Lord's table, or whether it was a 
 question of employing in missionary work one of 
 ' whose worthiness he was in doubt, he only asked 
 'What ought one to do V and with the answer to this 
 his course was decided. Even though the work of 
 years seemed to be jeopardized and friendships of 
 long standing endangered, only one course was open 
 to him. None but those intimately associated with 
 him knew of the perplexities and difficulties of his 
 work as superintendent, nor how hard it was for him 
 to say 'No.' But when this was the word of duty, 
 his word could be nothing else. 
 
 "And he could do this because he was sure that 
 the infinite resources of God were pledged to support 
 the right and give it the victory. That Dr. Schauf- 
 fler was a man of prayer none who knew him had 
 any doubt. The thing which he most frequently 
 asked his friends was to pray for him and his work. 
 'I know you will help me pray' was a frequent re- 
 mark in his letters after stating some perplexing 
 case. 
 
 "And it was because of these two characteristics, 
 his absolute devotion to duty and his absolute faith 
 in God, that he was always the advocate of highest
 
 The Well Done of the Faithful Servant 153 
 
 ideals. When Dr. Mills, at his funeral, spoke of this 
 as characterizing his consultations with his breth- 
 ren, we realized that he had struck the keynote of 
 his character. 
 
 "That Dr. Schauffler was persistent, that he 
 brought things to pass, that his only failures were 
 where success was an impossibility, the results that 
 he achieved and the obstacles he overcame are suf- 
 ficient proof. 
 
 "Of Dr. Schauffler as a friend and companion one 
 would love to write much. No sacrifice was too 
 great if a friend was to be helped. Master of at least 
 five languages and able to make himself understood 
 in several more, inheriting a love of music that 
 might easily have become a passion, quick at repar- 
 tee, seeing always the bright side, he was the life 
 of any social circle of which he formed a part. But 
 he was always and everywhere, with all his talents, 
 with all his wit, a man of God, subordinating every- 
 thing to the service of Him whom now face to face 
 he sees." 
 
 The following extract is from a letter of Dr. A. W. 
 Clark, of Prague, Austria: 
 
 "Brother Schauffler was a true missionary, hope- 
 ful, aggressive, persistent, biblical and enthusiastic. 
 He looked upon men out of Christ as lost, but he
 
 1 54 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 believed firmly in the power of the Gospel to change 
 the lives of men. In sympathy with all true scholar- 
 ship, he loved the faith of our fathers, the old views 
 that man as a sinner needs the sacrifice of Jesus on 
 the cross. In his work he awakened confidence, men 
 looked up to him and found in him a friend and 
 leader. 
 
 "You will recall, as I do, how efficient our associate 
 was in time of persecution, and how well he brought 
 out all the facts before the great meeting of the 
 Evangelical Alliance in Basel in 1879. In the sum- 
 mer of 1903, Dr. Schauffler had the pleasure of re- 
 visiting once familiar scenes in Moravia and Bo- 
 hemia. His heart was filled with rejoicing, as he 
 saw how the one church of his day had become 
 eighteen and how the Y. M. C. A. of Prague had 
 branches in many cities. The splendid Slavic work 
 of Brother Schauffler in America was a delightful 
 enlargement of our mission in Bohemia. At the be- 
 ginning of February I went, at Dr. Schauffler's 
 request, to a conference of our Slovak churches 
 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. There too, among 
 preachers trained in Oberlin Slavic Department, and 
 Bible Readers trained in the Training School in 
 Cleveland, I was deeply impressed with the extent 
 and value of the work cared for by our lamented 
 brother. These Slavic missions in America have met
 
 The Well Done of the Faithful Servant 155 
 
 with a great loss, but it is God's work and He will 
 continue to bless it. Our Congregational churches, 
 especially those in Cleveland, must do more than 
 continue the work so well begun, it ought to be mul- 
 tiplied tenfold. 
 
 "Our brother was far-sighted, clear-headed, a man 
 of prophetic vision. Those who knew him well would 
 agree with me that he was a man of sterling in- 
 tegrity. He was strictly honest in statement as well 
 as in all financial matters. I recall one occasion in 
 one of his outstations where a helper had made a 
 false statement hurriedly, and at first declined to 
 recall that statement. He feared the work might be 
 harmed, this helper, if he went to the authorities and 
 confessed that he had made an incorrect statement. 
 He begged Dr. Schauffler to stand by him in the as- 
 sertion which he had made at the police court, but 
 Dr. Schauffler said, 'No, we must be strictly honest. 
 I am sorry for your mistake, but you must confess it. 
 In our work it never can be said that the end justifies 
 the means.' Our brother in all departments of mis- 
 sionary work was a thoroughly unselfish man. He 
 was always willing to take his full share of any bur- 
 den, and, to use a New England expression, if the log 
 had a heavy end he was ready to carry it. 
 
 'The characteristics which I have mentioned, as 
 characteristics observed by me in Bohemia and Mo-
 
 1 56 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 ravia, are traits of character which his friends in 
 Cleveland I am sure found in him. A true soldier of 
 the cross has fallen, a genuine Christian gentleman 
 has laid down his charge, but the work so well estab- 
 lished will go forward, and there will be souls in 
 heaven led into the Kingdom by him in different 
 lands, that will rejoice to say to our Saviour in 
 Heaven, 'This is the brother that brought me into 
 Thy Kingdom.' " 
 
 Rev. C. W. Carroll, of the Hough Avenue Congre- 
 gational Church, Chairman of the Executive Board 
 of the Ohio Home Missionary Society, in an address 
 at the English memorial service, said : 
 
 "When a life such as this has gone out, we are 
 more apt to speak of what he was than of what he 
 did. I am much more moved tonight to pay tribute 
 to this man's worth and his influence than I am to re- 
 cite the things he has done. Dr. Schauffler crossed 
 my path first in the very earliest days of my minis- 
 try, when I was most susceptible to Christian ideals 
 and to the standards of the pulpit. His lofty con- 
 ception of the Christian life, his unquestioning faith 
 in God, his passion for righteousness, his intense 
 earnestness, and his large sympathy for the multi- 
 tudes had a very great influence upon me at that 
 time. I am certain that I have been more faithful
 
 The Well Done of the Faithful Servant 1 5 7 
 
 and consecrated in my own work in all the years 
 since then, because of the contact I had with him. 
 I fear that he went away without knowing what he 
 did for me. I fear I did what we are so likely to do, 
 let the man who brings to us the highest blessing, 
 live on unappreciated, and then tell about it after he 
 has gone from us. 
 
 "I think it was in 1882 that Dr. Schauffler an- 
 swered the invitation of Dr. Collins, of Plymouth 
 Church, and began work in this city, supported at 
 first by individuals of different denominations. Very 
 soon he was made city missionary by the churches 
 of Cleveland, and superintendent of the Slavic work 
 for the United States by what is now the Congrega- 
 tional Home Missionary Society of this country, and 
 so, twenty-three years ago, that work began. It 
 spread rapidly from this city to Chicago, Detroit, 
 to the Northwest and the Southwest and to the 
 East, until in the last report of the Home Mission- 
 ary Society we find that in the Slavic Department, 
 of which Dr. Schauffler was superintendent, an ac- 
 count of fourteen distinct and prosperous fields of 
 work among those people in this country. These 
 fourteen fields are in eight different States ; and this 
 report takes no note of the large work in Chicago 
 with its well-equipped plant, nor of the Slavic De- 
 partment of Oberlin Seminary which is training
 
 158 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 ministers to preach to their people, nor of the Bible 
 Readers' School here, now re-christened in honor of 
 Dr. Schauffler, which trains as no other school does, 
 young women to be Bible readers and helpers in 
 church. These three, as well as the larger work, owe 
 their existence to the initiative taken by Dr. Schauf- 
 fler, and although he had perhaps no official con- 
 nection with the Chicago work, yet that work and 
 the Slavic work at Oberlin Seminary were always 
 subjects of deepest interest to him. They had his 
 sympathy and his help, while the Bible Readers' 
 Home was, as it were, under God, his creation. For 
 it he gathered the means, and over it he maintained 
 the closest oversight. In Cleveland, the work is now 
 carried on in four houses of worship ; this one, with 
 its Bohemian and English churches, Cyril church for 
 Bohemians, Mizpah, for Bohemians, Poles and 
 English, and a new Emmanuel chapel, recently built 
 at a cost of $4,300, which is to be the home of the 
 work formerly housed in the East Madison Avenue 
 Church. And so, from one man working in this 
 city a little more than twenty years ago we look out 
 tonight into eight States, over fourteen fields with 
 an army of trained workers, and a people who have 
 come out of darkness into light because this one 
 man of God had faith in the Father and in the trans- 
 forming power of the Gospel and taught it.
 
 The W ell Done of the Faithful Servant 1 59 
 
 "It may seem to some of us that because he has 
 done so much in so short a time, it was an easy task. 
 It is always a sign of strength when a man lifts a 
 heavy load with apparent ease ; but those of us who 
 have been in close touch with him realize somewhat 
 the difficulties he had to meet. It was my privilege 
 to be closely associated with him in the adjustment 
 of a single incident in one of these fields, and during 
 those days and nights of conference between our- 
 selves and with others on the field, I caught a vision 
 of the patience, the forbearance, the consecration, 
 the masterful love and the executive ability that was 
 needed to carry on such a work among a people who 
 had not yet come to the point where they could 
 trust their best friend, even when he was bringing 
 them a gift. Others of you have seen other phases 
 of this work, and you know that he must at all times 
 have carried heavy burdens. And so it is that this 
 man in the strength and might of God went on bear- 
 ing loads that few of us knew anything about 
 carrying them triumphantly and sweetly, rising 
 above all difficulties because he had the spirit of the 
 Master. This is why he could smile when he met 
 a child. The man and his work will never be under- 
 stood, unless we take into account his life of prayer, 
 and his constant dependence upon the help which 
 came through prayer. In all conferences with the
 
 I 60 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 home office over difficult problems, he would end by 
 saying, 'You will help us in prayer.' Surely the work 
 he has left behind is in a large part a monument, 
 testifying to the efficiency of appeals to the throne 
 of grace." 
 
 At the close Mr. Whitlock said : 
 
 "In conclusion it might be proper for me to say 
 that one way in which our esteem for Dr. Schauf- 
 fler is to have a permanent and definite expression 
 is first, in the change of the name of the Bethlehem 
 Bible and Missionary Training School to the Schauf- 
 fler Missionary Training School; second, in the en- 
 dowment of this School to the extent of fifty thou- 
 sand dollars, thereby forming a permanent memorial 
 to the work which he founded and which lay heavily 
 upon his heart even in his last days. It is, therefore, 
 an opportunity to which I doubt not many of his 
 friends will avail themselves, to secure that endow- 
 ment and thus perpetuate his memory and his noble 
 work."
 
 The Well Done of the Faithful Servant 161 
 
 A CROWN OF STARS 
 
 Rachel Capen Schauffler 
 
 There came a Wise Man, star-led to the West, 
 
 One who had diligently sought the presence of his King 
 
 That he might worship there. 
 
 The gifts he brought were rare: 
 Keenness, humility, and power, a whole burnt-offering 
 Of self, and a great passion for the Best. 
 
 As, homeward bound, a mighty, steel-prowed ship 
 
 Steadily cleaves a perfect way through crags of crashing ice, 
 
 So he pursued his course; 
 
 And, like a mettled horse, 
 Sniffing the battle from afar, headlong he charged at Vice, 
 Nor spared himself the sting of spur and whip. 
 
 And lo, the star which he had followed far 
 
 In many journeys over land and sea, shone faint before him 
 
 Till it came and stood 
 
 Above the City, good 
 For servants of the King, who must by works of love adore 
 
 Him; 
 For here were lives unlit by sun or star. 
 
 Here dwelt a folk with mind and soul unfed, 
 People from foreign lands, speaking an alien tongue, and 
 brought 
 
 Hither by hope of gain, 
 Not altogether vain 
 Their struggle for the meat that perisheth; themselves un- 
 taught, 
 Until God's Wise Man built His House of Bread.
 
 I 62 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 And here was born anew in many a heart 
 
 The blessing of the Little Child who brought to Bethlehem 
 
 Peace and Good Will; 
 
 Here Wise Men labor still, 
 Made wise by labor of the One who gave Himself for them 
 In life and death, devoted and apart. 
 
 Often he used to speak of starry crowns 
 
 Laid up in Heaven for those who here are wise enough to turn 
 
 Many to righteousness; 
 
 And I, not fatherless, 
 Can see my Father crowned with diadem of stars which burn 
 Close-set above a brow that never frowns. 
 
 I love to think of him no more distressed 
 
 By sin and suffering and all the little cares that hide 
 
 At times the Master's plan. 
 
 Ah! what, to such a man, 
 Must be the ecstacy of a first heaven Christmastide 
 Where Christ Himself is jubilee and rest!
 
 CHAPTER XII 
 Reorganization 
 
 The death of Dr. Schauffler threw at once greatly 
 increased responsibilties and burdens upon the shoul- 
 ders of his co-workers. These they cheerfully and 
 courageously assumed. The spirit of the leader in- 
 spired his followers. More clearly than ever before 
 they caught his vision of the hungering multitudes, 
 of the miracle-working Master, and of the humble 
 disciples who were to be the distributors of the 
 loaves and fishes which were to be gathered and 
 multiplied. Those disciples the School was to train 
 through the successive years for their work. 
 
 Before any formal action could be taken, the senti- 
 ment became distinct and commanding that esteem 
 for Dr. Schauffler, and the determination that the 
 School should be permanent, should find definite ex- 
 pression, first, in the change of the name, from The 
 Bethlehem Bible and Missionary Training School to 
 The Schauffler Missionary Training School ; and, sec- 
 ond, by the endowment of the School to the extent of 
 $50,000. 
 
 In due time, therefore, the School was formally 
 given its new name. 
 
 For its further development and endowment it 
 was the sense of the Bohemian Board, which was 
 responsible for the entire Slavic mission work in 
 
 163
 
 1 64 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Cleveland for the Slavic churches as well as the 
 Training School that the interests of the School 
 would be best served by the creation of an inde- 
 pendent organization, which should hold its property 
 and administer its affairs. Two months after the 
 death of Dr. Schauffler, therefore, a corporation was 
 formed the early records, proceedings and regula- 
 tions of which are as follows: 
 
 "Records of Proceedings of the Incorporative Mem- 
 bers and Trustees of The Schauffler Mis- 
 sionary Training School 
 
 "On this twenty-seventh day of April, 1905, H. 
 Clark Ford, Thomas Piwonka, P. J. Twiggs, J. G. 
 Jennings and Elbert H. Baker, the persons named 
 below as subscribers of articles of incorporation, de- 
 siring for themselves, their associates and succes- 
 sors, to become a body corporate, in accordance with 
 the general corporation laws of the State of Ohio, 
 under the name and style of The Schauffler Mission- 
 ary Training School, and with all the corporate 
 rights, powers, privileges and liabilities enjoyed 
 under or imposed by such laws, did subscribe, ac- 
 knowledge, and afterwards, to wit, on the thir- 
 teenth day of April, 1905, file in the office of the Sec- 
 retary of State, at Columbus, in the State of Ohio, 
 articles of incorporation as follows to wit:
 
 Reorganization 1 65 
 
 STATE OF OHIO 
 "These articles of incorporation of The Schauffier 
 Missionary Training School witnesseth: That we, 
 the undersigned, all of whom are citizens of the 
 State of Ohio, desiring to form a corporation, not 
 for profit, under the general corporation laws of said 
 State, do hereby certify: 
 
 "First The name of said corporation shall be 
 'The Schauffier Missionary Training School.' 
 
 "Second Said corporation shall be located, and its 
 principal business transacted, at Cleveland, in Cuya- 
 hoga County, Ohio. 
 
 "Third The purpose for which said corporation is 
 formed is not for profit, but for the purpose of es- 
 tablishing and maintaining a school for the educa- 
 tion and training of persons to do work as mission- 
 aries and pastors' helpers of Evangelical churches, 
 and for purchasing, receiving and holding property 
 of every description, donations, devises, bequests and 
 funds arising from other sources for the benefit of 
 said corporation. 
 
 "In witness whereof, we hereunto set our hands, 
 this twenty-seventh day of April, 1905. 
 
 H. CLARK FORD, 
 THOMAS PIWONKA, 
 P. J. TWIGGS, 
 JNO. G. JENNINGS, 
 ELBERT H. BAKER,
 
 1 66 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 "The State of Ohio, 
 County of Cuyahoga. 
 
 On this twenty-seventh day of April, A. D. 1905, 
 personally appeared before me, the undersigned, a 
 notary public within and for said county, the above 
 named P. J. Twiggs, H. Clark Ford, Jno. G. Jennings, 
 Thomas Piwonka and Elbert H. Baker, who each sev- 
 erally acknowledge the signing of the foregoing 
 articles of incorporation to be his free act and deed 
 for the uses and purposes therein mentioned, 
 
 "Witness my hand and official seal on the day and 
 year last aforesaid. 
 
 LSeal] A. A. McCASLIN, Notary Public. 
 
 "The State of Ohio, 
 County of Cuyahoga. 
 
 "I, Charles P. Salen, Clerk of the Court of Common 
 Pleas within and for the County aforesaid, do hereby 
 certify that A. A. McCaslin, whose name is sub- 
 scribed to the foregoing acknowledgment as a notary 
 public, was at the date thereof a notary public in 
 and for said county, duly commissioned and qualified 
 and authorized as such to take said acknowledgment, 
 and further that I am well acquainted with his hand- 
 writing and believe that his signature to said ac- 
 knowledgment is genuine. 
 
 "In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand
 
 Reorganization 167 
 
 and affixed the seal of said Court, at Cleveland, Ohio, 
 this twenty-eighth day of April, A. D. 1905. 
 LSeal] CHAS. P. SALEN, Clerk. 
 
 By EDW. B. JANOUSHEK, Deputy." 
 
 That the foregoing is recorded in the proper office 
 in Columbus, Ohio, is certified to by the Secretary of 
 State as follows : 
 
 "The United States of America, 
 
 State of Ohio, 
 
 Office of the Secretary of State. 
 
 "I, Lewis C. Laylin, Secretary of State of the State 
 of Ohio, do hereby certify that the foregoing is an 
 exemplified copy carefully compared by me with the 
 original record now in official custody as Secretary 
 of State, and found to be a true correct copy of the 
 articles of incorporation of The Schauffler Mission- 
 ary Training School, filed in this office on the 30th 
 day of April, A. D. 1905, and recorded in volume 
 102, page 581, of the Records of Incorporations. 
 
 "In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed 
 my name and affixed my official seal, at Columbus, 
 the 30th day of April, A. D. 1905. 
 
 LSeal] LEWIS C. LAYLIN, 
 
 Secretary of State.
 
 1 68 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 "We, the undersigned, having the qualifications 
 prescribed by its regulations, and desiring to become 
 members thereof, do hereby subscribe our names to 
 the foregoing copy of the articles of incorporation of 
 The Schauffler Missionary Training School. 
 
 THOMAS PIWONKA, 
 JNO. G. JENNINGS, 
 ELBERT H. BAKER, 
 W. H. C. TEMPLE, 
 P. J. TWIGGS, 
 H. F. SWARTZ, 
 H. CLARK FORD." 
 
 "REGULATIONS 
 
 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Adopted- by said Corporation at its first meeting, 
 held May 4, 1905, at Cleveland, Ohio. 
 
 ARTICLE I 
 Name 
 
 The name of this corporation is "The Schauffler 
 Missionary Training School." 
 
 ARTICLE II 
 Object 
 
 The purpose for which this corporation is formed 
 is not for profit, but for the purpose of establishing 
 and maintaining a school for the education and train-
 
 Reorganization 1 69 
 
 ing of persons to do work as missionaries and pas- 
 tors' helpers of Evangelical churches, and for the 
 purchasing, receiving and holding property of every 
 description, donations, devises, bequests and funds 
 arising from other sources for the benefit of said 
 corporation. 
 
 ARTICLE III 
 Membership 
 
 The membership shall consist of such persons as 
 the corporation shall from time to time elect. 
 
 ARTICLE IV 
 Officers 
 
 1. The officers of the corporation shall be a Presi- 
 dent, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, Auditor, 
 and a Board of seven Trustees. 
 
 2. The officers are to be elected by the Trustees, 
 for one year. The officers shall perform the duties 
 usually pertaining to their respective offices. 
 
 3. The Treasurer shall be the custodian of the 
 funds of the corporation, and pay out the same upon 
 the order of the President, or in his absence, on the 
 order of the Vice President, when countersigned by 
 the Secretary. He shall keep proper books and make 
 full report of the financial condition of this corpora- 
 tion whenever requested to do so by the trustees. 
 He shall give such bond for the faithful performance 
 of his duties as the trustees may prescribe.
 
 1 70 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 4. The Board of Trustees shall consist of seven 
 members to be chosen by the corporation at the an- 
 nual meeting. The trustees shall fill any vacancy in 
 their own body. It shall be the duty of the trustees 
 to exercise a general supervision of all the affairs of 
 the corporation. The Board of Trustees shall meet 
 once a month, and at other times upon the call of the 
 President. 
 
 A majority of the trustees shall constitute a 
 quorum. 
 
 ARTICLE V 
 Meetings 
 
 The annual meeting of the corporation shall be 
 held upon Commencement Day of each year, at the 
 School. 
 
 Notice of the annual meeting shall be given by the 
 secretary to the members by mail. 
 
 A majority of the members shall constitute a 
 quorum. 
 
 ARTICLE VI 
 Amendments to the Regulations 
 
 Permanent Endowment Fund All legacies not 
 specifically appropriated by the donors to some other 
 purpose, and all contributions specifically made for 
 such purpose, shall be set aside as a permanent en- 
 dowment fund, and may be loaned on mortgage se-
 
 Reorganization 1 7 1 
 
 curity, or otherwise carefully invested by the 
 trustees, and the income used to advance the inter- 
 ests of the School. 
 
 ARTICLE VII 
 Amendments 
 
 These regulations may be amended by a five- 
 sevenths vote of the corporation."
 
 1 72 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 H. CLARK FORD
 
 CHAPTER XIII 
 Progress and Endowment 
 
 At the first meeting of this Corporation, held May 
 4, 1905, Rev. W. H. G. Temple, D. D., pastor of 
 Plymouth Church, and Rev. Herman F. Swartz were 
 added to the membership of the Corporation, and the 
 following were constituted a Board of Trustees: 
 H. Clark Ford, President; Elbert H. Baker, Vice 
 President; Herman F. Swartz, Secretary; Thomas 
 Piwonka, Treasurer, and P. J. Twiggs, Auditor. 
 Messrs. Swartz, Piwonka and Twiggs were appointed 
 an Executive Committee. 
 
 From time to time new members have been added 
 to this Corporation, as conditions have seemed to re- 
 quire. To the new Corporation, thus formally and 
 legally organized, the title to the property of the 
 School was duly transferred by the Cleveland Bo- 
 hemian Board, and the School entered upon a new 
 era in its history. 
 
 At the annual meeting of the Trustees, Mrs. Mills 
 was authorized to conduct a canvass for students. 
 At subsequent meetings of that first year Miss Mary 
 H. Deas was engaged to give one-half of her time to 
 the School as stenographer and teacher, and later 
 was employed for all of her time. 
 
 In June of 1905, Miss Fannie Stern, who had filled 
 
 173
 
 I 74 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 the position of Matron with great acceptance since 
 the resignation of Miss Anna Gross, in 1901, re- 
 signed on account of ill-health, and Mrs. Elizabeth C. 
 Osborne, of Hudson, Ohio, was called to fill her place. 
 In view of the fact that by existing relations with 
 the Congregational Education Society, the entire 
 burden of the financial support of the School, al- 
 
 MRS. MARY DEAS SICHA 
 
 though recognized as a Congregational institution, 
 rested upon its officers and teachers, negotiations 
 were reopened by the Trustees with the officers of 
 the Society, which led in September of that year to 
 the enrollment of the School upon its list of aided 
 schools and colleges. While the immediate purpose 
 of this relation looked to the current support of its 
 work, especial emphasis was laid upon securing an 
 endowment the income of which should be sufficient 
 to meet its increasing needs. The foundation of an 
 endowment fund had already been made. Previous
 
 Progress and Endowment I 75 
 
 to the death of Dr. Schauffler, a legacy of $8,000 
 from the estate of Mr. and Mrs. Olney, staunch 
 friends of the School from its beginning, and mem- 
 
 MISS FANNIE STERN 
 
 bers of the Pilgrim Congregational Church of Cleve- 
 land, had come into the possession of the Bohemian 
 
 MRS. ELIZABETH C. OSBORNE 
 
 Board. This legacy, though unrestricted by condi- 
 tions, had been sufficient to meet special obligations 
 and establish the beginning of an endowment fund. 
 To increase this fund as rapidly as possible, Mrs.
 
 1 76 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 Mills, the Rev. Theodore Clifton, D.D., Western Sec- 
 retary of the Education Society, and the Secretary, 
 Rev. H. F. Swartz, were made a special committee. 
 Although the efforts of this committee did not prove 
 as successful as was hoped, it was possible to report 
 at the end of the year that $2,000 had been added 
 to the endowment fund. 
 
 The year 1905-1906 was a year of unusual burdens 
 and unusual prosperity. The number of pupils was 
 fifteen, the same as in former years, but the outlook 
 for the future was especially promising. A vigorous 
 publicity campaign was conducted by the preparation 
 and distribution of numerous leaflets in both English 
 and Bohemian, presenting the plan of work in the 
 training of pastors' secretaries, in the canvass for 
 Slavic students, and in pushing the endowment cam- 
 paign. The quarterly paper known as "The Bible 
 Reader" was given a new name, "The Schauffler 
 Memorial." Mrs. Mills was given charge of the en- 
 dowment campaign, and Mrs. Schauffler was engaged 
 to take the place of Mrs. Mills in the classroom, and 
 to have charge of the School in her absence. A new 
 feature was added to the calendar events of the 
 School by the celebration for the first time, on Janu- 
 ary 26, 1906, of Founder's Day. This was estab- 
 lished as an annual event, in the expectation that it 
 would prove not only a means of honoring the
 
 Progress and Endowment 1 11 
 
 founder but of increasing the constituency of the 
 School. 
 
 Through the columns of "The Schauffler Me- 
 morial," an especially earnest appeal for the endow- 
 ment was presented by Mrs. Schauffler, who wrote: 
 
 "A WORD ABOUT OUR ENDOWMENT 
 "As one asks of a near friend sympathy and 
 prayer when an especially difficult task is to be un- 
 dertaken, so we wish to ask of the friends who read 
 this paper, sympathy and prayer for us in our effort 
 to raise an endowment of $50,000 for The Schauf- 
 fler Missionary Training School. 
 
 "Upon Mrs. Mills has been laid the heaviest bur- 
 den : that which the founder laid down when he en- 
 tered into rest. We bespeak for her your kindly in- 
 terest and help. We are sure that all Christian peo- 
 ple who knew Dr. Schauffler's work for the Slavic 
 people believe in it, and now, that it may not be 
 largely lost, we feel that the School must be put on 
 a permanent basis. To do this, an endowment is 
 necessary, and the labors, prayers and gifts of for- 
 mer years may in this way be blessed and multiplied 
 in the years to come. We come with an appeal to 
 you, who have so long been interested in this work, 
 and who have been from time to time reading our 
 paper, to help us in this our great crisis, not only
 
 I 78 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 with sympathy and prayer, but with contributions 
 of money." 
 
 The enthusiasm, loyalty and self-sacrifice of the 
 Alumnae of the School was indicated by their con- 
 tribution of $130 to the endowment fund from their 
 meager salaries. The Commencement Day of that 
 year was also gladdened by a telegram received by 
 Mrs. Schauffler, pledging $500 as the gift to the en- 
 dowment fund of the children of Dr. Schauffler. 
 
 One of the new plans connected with the raising of 
 the endowment was the establishment of permanent 
 scholarships of $1,000 each, the income of which was 
 expected to meet one half the expense of a student's 
 training, the other half to be met by her own 
 earnings. 
 
 The first scholarship to be started on this plan was 
 reported at this commencement. It was to be known 
 as the Oberlin Scholarship, for which $500 was 
 pledged. 
 
 In October of that year, Mrs. Mills, who was work- 
 ing in the East in the interest of the endowment, was 
 able to report that $16,000 was already pledged for 
 that fund, and that her appeal was meeting with 
 cordial sympathy and acceptance. 
 
 The immediate needs of the School, in anticipation 
 of the coming year, 1907-1908, were said to be:
 
 Progress and Endowment 1 79 
 
 First. The completing of the third floor for the 
 additional students expected in the autumn. "Our 
 building," said Mrs. Mills, "which seemed but a few 
 years ago so commodious and so sufficient for our 
 needs, has shrunk, like the old shoe of the growing 
 child, to half its required size. It is no longer 
 adequate." 
 
 Second. The library needs greatly to be enlarged 
 with Biblical reference books, histories of all kinds, 
 books on missions and missionary work, biographies, 
 etc. 
 
 Third. More office room is needed, which can be 
 obtained if the third floor is completed. 
 
 Fourth. The office work has so greatly increased 
 within the last six months that the entire time of a 
 secretary is absolutely necessary if all the executive 
 work of the office is to be successfully carried on. 
 
 Fifth. Added recitation-rooms for our increased 
 number of classes, and greater kitchen and laundry 
 facilities are becoming imperative. 
 
 It is apparent that, with the raising of the endow- 
 ment fund, the enlargement of the existing plant, 
 and the current support of the pupils in attendance, 
 it was no small present and prospective burden 
 which rested upon those who assumed responsibility 
 for this work. 
 
 The new year, 1907-1908, opened with an attend-
 
 I 80 The Schauffier Missionary) Training School 
 
 ance of sixteen, which was soon increased to nine- 
 teen. Of these, four were Americans, nine Bohemi- 
 ans, five Slovaks, and one Hungarian. Two of the 
 Slovaks were sent and supported by the Methodist 
 Protestant denomination, and the Hungarian by the 
 Presbyterians. They came from Hungary, Bohemia, 
 Texas, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Illinois, 
 Minnesota, Connecticut, and Ohio. Two only were 
 from Cleveland, and nine were the direct fruits of 
 Congregational mission work. 
 
 At the Annual Meeting of the Board of Trustees 
 it was voted that the work of completing the third 
 floor of the school building should be undertaken as 
 soon as fifty per cent of the money needed and con- 
 tributed for that especial purpose should be in sight ; 
 and the "Schauffier Memorial" for the following July 
 announced that the carpenters had begun their 
 work, and that they could rejoice in the hope that 
 by September first the School would be better 
 equipped for the coming years. 
 
 The endowment fund, as reported at this time, 
 showed $25,000, of which $17,000 had been paid in 
 and securely invested, $8,000 more pledged, and cur- 
 rent expenses all paid. 
 
 In view of the fact that the Congregational Edu- 
 cation Society was requiring that a mortgage of the 
 property of the School should be given to that So-
 
 Progress and Endowment 181 
 
 ciety to protect whatever gifts it might make, it was 
 voted by the Trustees that, appreciating past cour- 
 tesies and regretting that the action seemed nec- 
 essary, it was the sense of the Board that the rela- 
 tion of the School with the Education Society should 
 be severed. 
 
 Early in October, 1907, the National Council of the 
 Congregational Churches held its Triennial Meeting 
 in Pilgrim Church, Cleveland. 
 
 An invitation was extended by the School to the 
 delegates of the Council and its affiliated societies, 
 and a considerable number visited the School, in- 
 spected the building with its recently enlarged ac- 
 commodations, and were enabled to gain a better un- 
 derstanding of the work in which it was engaged. 
 The expressions of appreciation and endorsement 
 were numerous and hearty. 
 
 The School was favored in having as its especial 
 guests, Professor and Mrs. Steiner of Grinnell, Iowa ; 
 Professor Louis F. Giroux, of the International Col- 
 lege, Springfield, Massachusetts, Mr. William 
 Spooner, of Chicago; Rev. H. E. Peabody, of Con- 
 necticut; Rev. G. W. Nims, of New York, and Mrs. 
 F. L. Geis, of Cincinnati, Ohio. 
 
 On the evening of October 14th, a reception was 
 given at the School, which was largely attended, the 
 refreshments being served by the girls of the School, 
 clothed each in the garb of her own country.
 
 1 82 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 In his evening address at the annual meeting of 
 the Congregational Home Missionary Society, held in 
 connection with the Council, Professor Steiner closed 
 an earnest appeal for a larger activity on the part of 
 the Church on behalf of the immigrant, by bringing 
 upon the platform and introducing to the audience, 
 four students of the school three Slovaks and one 
 Bohemian in their native costumes, a powerful ob- 
 ject-lesson of what has been done, and of what still 
 needs to be done. 
 
 The student body had at this time increased to 
 twenty-three, representing ten States, three foreign 
 countries, and Canada. Seven young women were 
 enrolled in the Pastors' Secretaries' Course. 
 
 During this year about three months of the Prin- 
 cipal's time was spent in field work in the interest of 
 the endowment fund. In the East many new friends 
 were made and some new donors were secured, but 
 owing to the stringency in the money market, the 
 work was not largely successful. In St. Louis the 
 results were more satisfying, about $5,000 in pledges 
 being secured. 
 
 In the prosecution of the endowment work the 
 Principal was able to report at the annual meeting 
 of the Trustees in June, 1908, that she had visited 
 sixteen States, made 194 addresses and had in sight 
 $40,000, of which $22,000 had been paid in and was 
 invested.
 
 Progress and Endowment 183 
 
 In point of numbers, in the spirit and quality of 
 the work done, and in the meeting of financial obliga- 
 tions, the following year, 1909, proved the banner 
 year thus far in the history of the School. 
 
 The student body numbered twenty-four, repre- 
 senting five different religious denominations, eight 
 States, one foreign country, and Canada. 
 
 Of this number, nine were Americans, five Bo- 
 hemians, seven Slovaks, one Hungarian, one Bul- 
 garian, and one Afro-American. Twelve young 
 women, the largest class in the history of the School, 
 were graduated in June, five of whom had taken the 
 Pastors' Secretaries' Course. At the time of gradua- 
 tion nearly every member of the class had her future 
 work assigned her. 
 
 The contributions to the current expenses of the 
 School were generous, and the autumn ingatherings 
 from the neighboring churches of fruits, vegetables, 
 and household supplies were abundant. 
 
 That she might more perfectly qualify herself to 
 teach in that department the Matron, Mrs. Osborne, 
 was granted leave of absence for the time necessary 
 for her to pursue a course in Domestic Science in 
 Boston, and Miss Abbie M. Allyn, a member of the 
 graduating class, was employed to fill the vacancy. 
 
 The school building was also painted, natural gas 
 introduced for heating and lighting purposes, and a
 
 1 84 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 lot and tent purchased at the Frankfort Assembly 
 Grounds for the vacation use of the School and its 
 graduates. 
 
 The labors of the Principal for the increase of the 
 endowment fund during the year covered four trips, 
 
 MISS ABBIE M. ALLYN 
 
 each of about a month in length. On one of these 
 trips she speaks of traveling in six days fifteen hun- 
 dred miles by railway, twenty five miles in farm 
 wagons through a storm of sleet and snow, two stage 
 rides and an automobile ride, and giving six public 
 addresses. 
 
 The results, however, were not as satisfying as in 
 the preceding years. The country was drifting into 
 the excitement and uncertainty of a political cam- 
 paign, the results of which promised a prolonged 
 financial disturbance. Added to this was the espe- 
 cially aroused activity of the churches by Brother- 
 hood and Get-together campaigns, and the inaugura-
 
 Progress and Endowment 1 85 
 
 tion of the Apportionment Plan for the better sup- 
 port of the great national missionary organizations. 
 Under such conditions comparatively little attention 
 could be secured for the School. About $8,000, how- 
 ever, in contributions and pledges, was added to the 
 fund ; and its total was brought up to nearly $48,000 
 of the $50,000 proposed. 
 
 As this year completed a decade during which the 
 Principal had been connected with the School, it is 
 fitting that Mrs. Mills' review of the ten year period 
 should follow as an especial chapter in this history.
 
 CHAPTER XIV 
 
 Review of Ten Years of Service in the Schauffler 
 Missionary Training School 1899-1909 
 
 By Mrs. Mary W. Mills 
 
 As I am just now completing ten years of service 
 in the School, it is not unfitting that a brief review 
 of these ten years should be given. 
 
 When one rainy afternoon, ten years ago last 
 March, Dr. Henry A. Schaumer, with his dripping 
 coat and umbrella, entered my little sitting-room in 
 Hudson, I did not imagine all that the call was to 
 mean to me, nor the years of opportunity that were 
 opening before me. I quite well remember the thrill 
 that passed through me as he gave me his name and, 
 with the many little pleasantries so characteristic of 
 him, told me why he had come. His proposition to 
 me did not at first meet with favorable response. I 
 was happy in my work, was ambitious to become pro- 
 ficient in it, and was hoping for some larger oppor- 
 tunity in my chosen field of English and History. So 
 I declined the call, but like some other things, it 
 "would not down," and after a few thoughtful days 
 and some rather uncomfortable nights, the hope and 
 ambition were laid aside and I very willingly came 
 in June of 1899 to join the force of workers among 
 the Slavic people. 
 
 186
 
 Review of Ten Years of Service 1 899-1909 187 
 
 A good many changes have taken place in the 
 work and character of the School, not because of a 
 new administration, but because time was then ripe 
 for such changes. The difficult pioneer work attend- 
 ant upon the beginning of any new enterprise had 
 been done. The School had passed through the pe- 
 riod of experiment and was ready to enter upon an 
 assured life work. The heroic sacrifice necessary to 
 the beginning of such a work in a new and untried 
 field of service had been made by those who laid the 
 foundations. These were laid with such care and 
 foresight that new ones were not necessary. One 
 had only to build on foundations already laid. Of the 
 self-sacrificing devotion, the generous providing for 
 the future, the wise statesmanship of the Founder 
 of the School, and his early co-workers, too much 
 cannot be said. It is worthy of note, perhaps, that 
 the School in its history of twenty-three years has 
 had but two principals. The first one, Mrs. Schauf- 
 fler, laid aside her duties only because the cares and 
 obligations of home life made it necessary. She has 
 been constantly and intimately connected with the 
 School, both as teacher and adviser, since she ceased * 
 to be principal, so that for twenty-three years, with- 
 out interruption, the School has had her wise leader- 
 ship and the inspiration of her presence. Until Feb- 
 ruary of 1905 the affairs of the School were, in the
 
 1 88 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 main, directed by its founder, Dr. Schauffler. The 
 principal very gladly worked under his direction and 
 strove to carry out his ideals. 
 
 At the time of Dr. Schauffler's death there seemed 
 little hope for the Institution. He had prayed the 
 School into existence, had prayed it through the 
 vicissitudes of the early and experimental years, had 
 raised the money for its support, had directed its 
 policy, had given his heart's blood with rare devo- 
 tion, and of all his missionary enterprises this School 
 seemed to be one particularly near his heart. How 
 it was to be carried on without him was an appalling 
 question, but God in His good Providence had al- 
 ready answered it. Some few weeks before Dr. 
 Schauffler's illness a legacy, our first, had come to us 
 through the kindly generosity of Mr. and Mrs. Olney. 
 This legacy of $8,000, unrestricted in its use, more 
 than met our immediate needs after his death and 
 left a balance as a nest-egg for an endowment fund. 
 Thus in the days and weeks immediately following 
 the apparent overthrow of all our hopes, there was 
 no burden of money raising upon the shoulders of 
 any of the local workers. How out of the chaos and 
 seeming disaster there emerged gradually a strong 
 and reliable Board of Trustees, backed by a substan- 
 tial Corporation, how the work on the endowment 
 fund was begun and carried on with reasonable sue-
 
 Review of Ten Years of Service 1 899- 1909 189 
 
 cess, how the constituency of the School in this and 
 in other States has developed in the space of four 
 years and a half is history that must, in large part, 
 be unwritten. 
 
 If any success has attended the efforts for the 
 raising of the endowment fund and in the carrying 
 on of the School in the various lines of activity, it 
 has been because of the loyal backing of teachers and 
 students and the ever sympathetic and cordial ap* 
 proval of the Board of Trustees. One man in the 
 East said to me, "A school with such a body of Chris- 
 tian business and professional men behind it simply 
 cannot fail," and the consciousness of that truth has 
 been strength and stimulus to me in many a dis- 
 couraging moment. 
 
 One of the first duties that came to me as prin- 
 cipal quite took away my breath. When Dr. Schauf- 
 fler had invited me to take up the work he intimated 
 that a part of my duty would be the public presenta- 
 tion of the work in churches and before State or- 
 ganizations. I had replied emphatically that public 
 work I could not do. Teaching was in my line. I had 
 been at that all my life, but to public speaking I 
 could not and would not pledge myself. So when a 
 few weeks after school opened in the fall I was sent 
 to Marietta to speak of the work at a State meeting, 
 I would have been glad if, like the colored preacher,
 
 190 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 I could truthfully have said that "I was expecting to 
 be unexpectedly called away at any moment." But 
 neither earthquake nor tornado interfered in my be- 
 half and to Marietta I went, and escaped a serious 
 and permanent case of stage fright only because I 
 had to talk but ten minutes. 
 
 The problem of interesting the State Home Mis- 
 sionary Unions in the School was the first line of field 
 work undertaken. New York, Ohio and Connecticut 
 were already in the list. Others followed, until now 
 eighteen States are regular contributors through 
 their national organizations. 
 
 In the period of ten years some studies have been 
 added to the curriculum. So wisely was the curric- 
 ulum planned at the beginning that very little has 
 been found that could be omitted. The added studies 
 have been Ethics and Psychology, and a short course 
 in Physiology with lectures of special value to young 
 women by Dr. Towslee. 
 
 The mailing list has greatly increased, now num- 
 bering about three thousand. Office files have been 
 prepared, a large number of books have been added 
 to the library and a simple system of cataloguing has 
 been introduced. 
 
 The scholarships of fifty dollars are a somewhat 
 recent provision. Some method was found necessary 
 by which a young woman could earn her way in part
 
 Review of Ten Years of Service 1899-1909 191 
 
 and feel that she was doing something toward her 
 own education and training. No one could do all, but 
 all could do something, so the evolution of the schol- 
 arship combined with opportunity to work two hours 
 a day was brought about and has proved a success, 
 though the experimental stage was attended by some 
 difficulties. Now that part of our work goes on as 
 smoothly as any other department of the School. 
 The number of students who pay something is in- 
 creasing each year. For some time the young 
 women have been required to pay for their own mu- 
 sic and stenography more as a matter of character 
 development than for relief to the treasury. 
 
 Several events have been added to the commence- 
 ment season. In 1900 we had our first Sunday night 
 service. The sermon was preached by the Rev. C. W. 
 Carroll of Hough Avenue Church. In 1902 the Alum- 
 nae Association was organized, with Mrs. Bertha 
 Juengling Harris, of the class of '90, as president. 
 She has held this position to the present day. In 
 1903 the alumnae motto, "I have set my face like a 
 flint," was chosen, and the commencement dinner 
 was inaugurated. In 1904 the School selected its 
 colors, blue and white, and at commencement time of 
 the same year the alumnae selected theirs, and the 
 alumnae picnic became a regular feature of com- 
 mencement time ; 1909 has been a year for two new
 
 192 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 features, the Junior reception to the Seniors and the 
 Senior Class Day. 
 
 In the fall of 1905 the new course known as the 
 Pastors' Secretaries' Course, was begun, and in 1906 
 we had our first graduates, Miss Stugard and Miss 
 Chenoweth. In 1908 we graduated Miss Warner, 
 and this year we have five graduates. The course 
 has proved a success. It has added an element of 
 business and has brought a certain broadening in- 
 fluence into the School quite desirable and helpful. 
 
 The new rooms completed in 1907 on the third 
 floor came none too soon. They were all filled at 
 once and the need of more room is again imperative, 
 not only for the increasing student body, but the 
 increase of executive and clerical work attendant 
 upon the running of the School. We are seriously 
 handicapped by our lack of recitation-rooms, music- 
 rooms, proper accommodations for guests of the 
 School, and for our domestic department. The new 
 heating plant, the stationary laundry tubs, the gas 
 heater in the kitchen and a number of other small 
 improvements which have been made from time to 
 time have given satisfaction and made our work 
 more effective. 
 
 The average attendance in 1899 and 1900 was 
 twelve, with a registration of fourteen. During the 
 ten years ninety-seven young women have been at
 
 Review of Ten Years of Service 1899-1909 193 
 
 the School. The total attendance by terms during 
 the time has been 337. Ten different nationalities 
 and six denominations have been represented. A 
 yearly catalogue became a necessity and since 1902 
 has been issued in June of each year. Twenty-nine 
 leaflets have been published and some of these have 
 had the second and third editions. For the past 
 three years Easter greetings have been sent to our 
 donors. Forty editions of the "Memorial" have been 
 issued, nineteen of which have been under my own 
 direction. Of the letters written and packages of 
 printed matter mailed before January, 1906, we have 
 no record, but since then, at which time regular work 
 of the office began, 5,240 letters have been written 
 and 8,643 packages of printed matter mailed. 
 
 The total number of graduates for twenty-three 
 years has been sixty-nine, thirty-eight of whom have 
 graduated since my entering the School. Their rec- 
 ords of service are unique and interesting. Two 
 have given twenty years each of continuous service, 
 one sixteen, still another thirteen, and another 
 eleven. Fifteen of our young women have become 
 ministers' wives and fourteen others are wives of 
 lay Christian workers. Of the sixty-nine graduates 
 there are only four who are not in some kind of 
 Christian service, either as wives of ministers or 
 lay workers, or as missionaries or as nurses. Their
 
 I 94 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 calls and visits among the sick and destitute and 
 unevangelized number tens of thousands. Our first 
 graduate is the wife of an Iowa pastor and our first 
 Bohemian pupil is still at work among the Slavic 
 people in Kansas City, Kansas. The graduating 
 classes have numbered from one to five. Growth 
 has been slow. In a work like this, which appeals 
 only to a special class, growth cannot be very rapid. 
 Development has, however, been steady and substan- 
 tial and has been carried on in the face of much un- 
 thinking criticism, unreasoning prejudice and oft- 
 times amusing ignorance. 
 
 Some time after the School was established a vis- 
 itor called and was shown courteously through the 
 house by one of our young women. When the visitor 
 was leaving she said with much hesitation and evi- 
 dent embarrassment, "Now, if you please, I would 
 like to see a Bohemian." The look of surprise on her 
 face when informed that the young woman with her 
 fluent English and her cultured manner was herself 
 a Bohemian was amusing, although it betrayed a 
 very common prejudice and ignorance regarding our 
 Slavic people. 
 
 Even as recently as May of this year when our 
 young women were for the day guests of one of our 
 largest city churches, one of the members of the 
 church asked one of our American girls if she under-
 
 Review of Ten Years of Service 1899-1909 195 
 
 stood English. Still another, who speaks five lan- 
 guages, was communicated with by signs because 
 she was supposed to know only Bohemian. 
 
 Not long ago we were asked whether in our course 
 of training we taught the Bible, and another asked 
 whether any young women were in attendance from 
 outside of the city of Cleveland. Such ignorance of 
 the real state of things here reminds me of the time 
 when, as a student at Oberlin, I was asked whether 
 there were any white students in attendance upon 
 that college. "A prophet is not without honor save 
 in his own country," and I believe it is true that the 
 churches of Cleveland are more ignorant regarding 
 the work of our institution than those of any other 
 of the large cities in our country. 
 
 I have been interested to make a few statistics re- 
 garding the income of the School. The first year of 
 which we have any printed record begins with April 
 of 1891. In that year the receipts were $1,803.17, 
 and the following year $1,656.80. Since April, 1891, 
 a period of eighteen years, the total amount for cur- 
 rent expenses has been $46,203.24. Of this amount 
 $14,220.63 has been raised since February of 1905, 
 when the financial obligation of the School began to 
 rest upon my shoulders. To this should be added 
 $2,204.98 for building, making a total of $16,425.51. 
 The amount raised for the endowment during the
 
 196 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 same period is $20,621.71. The total amount which 
 has passed through our treasury since February of 
 1905 is $37,047.32; the average expense for each 
 year during the eighteen years from 1891 to 1909 is 
 $2,566.84. 
 
 The years of my labors here have been busy and 
 happy ones. The last four years have been years of 
 unusual care and at times of great anxiety. When 
 salaries and table supplies were unprovided for, 
 there were some wakeful nights and hours of serious 
 thought, but at no time has there been any desire to 
 "give up the ship." "The hand of our God has been 
 good upon us." 
 
 The incidents of travel have not been without in- 
 terest, though I have not seen as much of the coun- 
 try as one might think, for my mind has been so oc- 
 cupied with business that I was somewhat in the 
 condition of the man who returned from a visit to 
 the Yellowstone region. When asked what he had 
 seen, he replied, "I was on my wedding journey and 
 I don't know." I have added the study of train time- 
 tables to my own daily curriculum and have learned 
 to adapt myself to riding in automobiles as well as in 
 freight cars. For weeks at a time I have eaten in 
 different places and slept in different rooms and have 
 sometimes met as many as four appointments in a 
 single day. But in the more than three years of
 
 Review of Ten Years of Service 1899-1909 197 
 
 travel I have never lost a single train nor failed to 
 keep an appointment. 
 
 We come to the close of the ten years full of hope 
 for the future. The School is known as never before. 
 Every one feels the value and necessity of the work. 
 Businessmen are pleased with its methods as being 
 economical; professional men pronounce them sane 
 and sensible; patriots and philanthropists see in 
 them the solution of our country's most serious prob- 
 lem. In it graduate ministers find help in the per- 
 plexities arising from their large and cosmopolitan 
 parishes. Women of wealth are drawn out in sym- 
 pathy to the needs of their sister women. 
 
 And so with the sympathy and approval and sup- 
 port of the strongest and wisest men and women in 
 our country, and with a continuance of God's bless- 
 ing upon us, I believe we may confidently expect in 
 the next ten years to do a far larger and more ef- 
 fective service in bringing the Kingdom of Christ on 
 earth. 
 
 In the spring of 1910 Mrs. Osborne returned from 
 her year of study in Boston, well equipped for the 
 teaching of Domestic Science, and added that to her 
 regular duties as Matron. Miss Allyn was retained 
 as teacher in the School for the following year. 
 Upon the marriage, in 1911, of Miss Deas, who since 
 Dr. Schauffler's death had served as private secre-
 
 1 98 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 tary to the Principal and had been most efficient in 
 all administrative problems, Miss Allyn was invited 
 to accept the position thus made vacant. In the 
 Winter of 1913 she resigned on account of her eyes, 
 and Miss Marie A. Jindra, of the class of 1912, was 
 called to the office, and she fills that position at the 
 date of the completion of this History. 
 
 MISS MARIE JINDRA
 
 CHAPTER XV 
 Fruitful Years 
 
 Heights attained reveal a broader horizon, and 
 still higher peaks beyond. Larger opportunities and 
 heavier burdens are at once the reward and the pen- 
 alty of successful service. Authority over ten cities 
 rewards the servant whose fidelity has multiplied his 
 one pound to ten pounds. This universal and divine 
 law was realized by the servants of the Schaufner 
 School as they approached their first goal. 
 
 The new Home was completed to the roof, and its 
 rooms filled with students. The endowment fund of 
 $50,000, while not yet all in hand, because of pledges 
 and legacies yet to mature, was practically in sight ; 
 but greater opportunities and necessities were al- 
 ready casting their shadows before. 
 
 There was the prospective need of more dormitory 
 room. There was the immediate need of new mu- 
 sical instruments to take the place of those which 
 had been given to the School early in its history and 
 were no longer serviceable, and there was the need 
 of suitable music-rooms. There was the need of a 
 gymnasium for the young women, for this was the 
 only known missionary training school that sought 
 to provide physical training for its pupils. There 
 was need of increased facilities for the Library and 
 
 199
 
 200 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 recitations for the Domestic Science Department and 
 the Kitchen. 
 
 These were some of the material needs which 
 pressed with increasing weight and persistence dur- 
 ing the next succeeding years. They pointed, all of 
 them, to the need of a new building, and an enlarged 
 equipment to keep pace with the development of the 
 School and enable it to do its work. 
 
 The eyes of the Principal and her co-workers were 
 keen, therefore, to discover adjacent property which 
 might be made available for the enlargement of the 
 School plant, and efforts in the field were inaugu- 
 rated to secure contributions to meet the expense of 
 the needful purchases, and to increase the endow- 
 ment to not less than $100,000. 
 
 These visions and needs were not all met at once. 
 There were long periods of weary waiting, the need 
 of patience and persistence, a mountain-moving 
 faith, and the love that believeth all things, endureth 
 all things, and that never fails. There were en- 
 couraging responses, however, and providential lead- 
 ings which opened out in the fulness of time into 
 plain paths. 
 
 In December, 1910, the second lot east of the 
 School, on Fowler Avenue, was found to be on the 
 market. Upon this lot stood a small cottage, the 
 rooms of which could be used temporarily for the
 
 Fruitful Years 201 
 
 student overflow. This lot was secured at the cost 
 of $2,800. A year and a half later June, 1912 
 the property next adjoining the School, known as the 
 Dvorak property, was secured at a cost of $3,000. 
 Thus the School came into possession of two adjoin- 
 ing lots, sufficient for a new building ample for the 
 demands of the immediate future. Payment for these 
 purchases was made as funds were contributed for 
 this especial purpose. 
 
 The school year of 1911 completed twenty-five 
 years of the Schauffler history, and the week which 
 closed with Commencement Day, June 6th, was de- 
 voted to exercises befitting this important an- 
 versary. 
 
 These exercises were introduced on Wednesday 
 morning at the chapel service, by an appropriate and 
 helpful address by Dr. J. G. Fraser on "The Search 
 for the Best." From its very early days Dr. Fraser 
 had been connected with the management of the 
 School, was deeply interested in its work, and in view 
 of this anniversary had prepared an especially valu- 
 able review of its history under the title, "The Story 
 of a School for Twenty-five Years." This review, 
 published as a leaflet, has been greatly helpful dur- 
 ing the later years. 
 
 On the Sunday morning following, in Bethlehem 
 Church, the Anniversary Sermon was preached by
 
 202 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Professor A. H. Currier of the Oberlin Theological 
 Seminary, a classmate and lifelong friend of Dr. 
 Schauffler. His peculiarly appropriate text suggests 
 the character of the discourse, John xii:3. "Mary 
 therefore took a pound of ointment of pure nard, 
 very precious, and annointed the feet of Jesus, and 
 wiped his feet with her hair; and the house was 
 filled with the odor of the ointment." 
 
 On Sunday evening a large assembly gathered 
 with the School to engage in a service commemora- 
 tive of its founder. With unaffected eloquence the 
 oldest daughter of Dr. Schauffler, Mrs. Mary Schauf- 
 fler Labaree, herself for many years a missionary in 
 Persia, rehearsed the story of her father's life. Ex- 
 tracts from this address have already found a place 
 in this history. 
 
 Commencement Day, Tuesday, June 6, following 
 an important meeting of the Alumnae, more than one 
 hundred sat down together for the Alumnae Dinner. 
 Of this number twenty-seven were graduates of the 
 School and ten were members of the graduating 
 class. 
 
 Toasts followed under the felicitous direction of 
 Dr. Dan F. Bradley, who acted as toastmaster. 
 The general subject presented was, "The Trained 
 Woman." Mrs. Clara Hobart Schauffler spoke of 
 "The Trained Woman as a Pioneer," Mrs. J. D. Nut-
 
 Fruitful Years 203 
 
 ting of "The Trained Woman in the Home," Mr. H. 
 Clark Ford of "The Trained Woman in the Church," 
 Miss Kucera, of the class of '93, of "The Trained 
 Woman in Social Life," Professor W. J. Hutchins of 
 "The Trained Woman Among Her Own People," and 
 Rev. Laura H. Wilde, of Lake Erie College, of "The 
 Trained Woman of the Future." The addresses were 
 of a high order and were peculiarly fitting to the 
 notable occasion. 
 
 The meeting of the Corporation and the Board of 
 Trustees followed. 
 
 The closing address of the Anniversary was given 
 in Bethlehem Church at the graduating exercises in 
 the evening, by President Henry C. King, of Oberlin 
 College, upon the theme, "Reverence for Personal- 
 ity." Diplomas were then presented to the ten mem- 
 bers of the graduating class, and a delightfully in- 
 formal reception brought the Anniversary to a 
 conclusion. 
 
 The following poem from the pen of Dr. James A. 
 Jenkins, pastor then of the First Congregational 
 Church of Cleveland, inspired by the occasion, most 
 appropriately ends this chapter of our history.
 
 204 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 VISION AND CONSUMMATION 
 
 The Nation beckoned, then behold, 
 
 Forth aliens came 
 From lands remote, o'er seas widespread 
 
 In Freedom's name; 
 And coming toiled, while Love alone 
 
 Read their just claim. 
 
 The City lured, its streets, its mills, 
 
 With pauseless roar, 
 Compelled the immigrant to strive 
 
 As did of yore 
 Old Egypt, when the Hebrews wrought, 
 
 Helpless, spurned, sore. 
 
 A Prophet gazed with eager eye 
 
 Upon the sight; 
 His spirit yearned to mitigate 
 
 The stranger's plight; 
 Conscience to him made constant plea 
 
 For God and right. 
 
 "The Book's behest must be obeyed, 
 
 Christ's is the race," 
 Mused thus the prophet, *bold his faith 
 
 Conceived a place 
 Where daughters of the foreigner 
 
 Might see God's grace.
 
 Fruitful Years 205 
 
 Sounded his call. Behold, there grew 
 
 A Student band 
 Of maidens, stirred by that great plea, 
 
 For their new land. 
 They to the Cause pledged loyalty 
 
 Of heart and hand. 
 
 A Prophetess now stands where stood 
 
 The Prophet bold 
 Her vision clear like his, new hope 
 
 True to the old. 
 Joined with her stand her sisters, held 
 
 By Love, not gold. 
 
 Gone are the years, lo, twenty-five 
 
 Have sped away 
 Since Schauffler School in weakness saw 
 
 Its natal day; 
 Still, now as then, its call persists, 
 
 To work, to pray. 
 
 Thy work, brave School of Jesus Christ, 
 
 Is but begun, 
 For Freedom's mightiest victories 
 
 Must yet be won; 
 So may the Spirit guide thee till 
 
 Thy day is done!
 
 CHAPTER XVI 
 
 "A Sabbatic Year" 
 
 For several years the Principal had realized that 
 her own efficiency would be greatly augmented were 
 it possible for her to obtain a first-hand knowledge 
 of the Slavic peoples and of their language, by a per- 
 sonal visit to the lands from which they came. This 
 feeling was shared by the Board of Trustees, who 
 also realized her need of the vacation relief and 
 change which such a journey would afford. Leave of 
 absence was granted her, therefore, for such portion 
 of the year 1911-1912, as she might choose to spend 
 abroad. 
 
 To fill her place, in part, during this absence, 
 the pastor-emeritus of the Second Congregational 
 Church of Oberlin, Rev. Henry M. Tenney, was em- 
 ployed to act as Dean of the School, and to instruct 
 in the Books of the Old Testament and in Christian 
 Doctrine. Dr. Tenney was chosen for this temporary 
 service because of his interest in, and his long fa- 
 miliarity with, its work, and his freedom from the 
 active responsibilities of a prolonged pastorate. He 
 had been a member of the Bohemian Board at the 
 time of its organization and at the beginning of the 
 work of the School, and was a member under the new 
 organization of the existing Corporation. For two 
 
 206
 
 "A Sabbatic Year' 207 
 
 years following this especial service he devoted some 
 months of each year to the instruction of classes in 
 Christian Doctrine. 
 
 Mrs. Mills' visit to Bohemia is best reported in the 
 words of her Annual Report to the Trustees for 
 1911-1912. 
 
 Annual Report 1911-1912 
 Mrs. Mary W. Mills 
 
 The Schauffler Missionary Training School in the 
 year 1911-1912 has not fallen below its previous 
 years in achievement. The absence of the Principal 
 for seven months has in no way interfered with the 
 usual excellent record of the School, save only to lay 
 heavier burdens on those who, with great faithful- 
 ness and loyalty, have "stayed by the stuff." The 
 regular annual report must come from Dr. Tenney 
 this year, but perhaps it is fitting that the Principal 
 should give some brief account of her vacation spent 
 in the heart of the country of the Slavs. 
 
 I sailed from Montreal for London, September 12, 
 and after spending four weeks in London with its 
 museums and galleries and philanthropies I went on 
 to Austria. Considerable of my time in London was 
 spent in the Britism Museum among the old manu- 
 scripts and other things of special interest to me in 
 my classroom work.
 
 208 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 On October 19, 1911, 1 reached the long anticipated 
 goal of my journey. It was a day never to be for- 
 gotten. For thirteen years I had dreamed and 
 planned and hoped, and when I neared the city of 
 Prague on that bright October afternoon, and knew 
 that my dreams were about to come true, my plans 
 about to come to fulfillment, and my hopes about to 
 be realized, I was far more moved than one of my 
 New England birth would naturally care to show. 
 From the first day of my arrival, everything possible 
 was done for my comfort and convenience by the 
 good friends with whom I stayed, and I had every 
 opportunity to see and to hear and to investigate and 
 to study to my heart's content. The historic old city 
 of Prague afforded endless delight, as I prowled day 
 after day through the streets of the old town, and 
 climbed the old hills and fortifications, where so 
 much of historic and religious interest centers. I 
 read the history of the country and the city, studied 
 the language, visited the marketplaces, went into the 
 churches and homes, sat at their tables, slept under 
 their feather beds, and became to the fullest extent 
 possible a Czech of the Czechs. I visited also many 
 of the smaller towns of Bohemia, spent a couple of 
 days in Herrnhut in the interest of my church his- 
 tory class, gave a few days to Moravia, including, of 
 course, Briinn, the scene of Dr. Schauffler's labors
 
 "A Sabbatic Year 209 
 
 for many years, and had one of the most remarkable 
 days of all my trip in Teschen, the capital of Silesian 
 Poland, from which city Mr. Fox, Mr. Kozielek, Miss 
 Frish, and Miss Tepper came. Details of this most 
 delightful visit are impossible and unfitting in a re- 
 port of this character, but it was interesting and 
 profitable beyond my ability to express. 
 
 Protestantism in all these places was my chief 
 point of interest. I attended all the Protestant 
 churches I could, and spoke in most of them by way 
 of an interpreter, or interpreters, as was sometimes 
 the case; for often my English was first translated 
 into German, and the German into Bohemian, before 
 it reached the people. I spoke thirty times in this 
 manner while away, and since my return have 
 spoken twelve times, making a total of forty-two for 
 the year's work. 
 
 I returned in exactly seven months and six days 
 from the time I left, and sum up results to myself 
 and to the work as follows : 
 
 First. A greatly increased enthusiasm in the work 
 of training young women for service. 
 
 Second. A more intelligent understanding of the 
 kind of training needed. 
 
 Third. A deep sense of obligation to all Austrian 
 women, both here and in their own country. 
 
 Fourth. Two young women of exceptionally fine
 
 210 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 caliber as students of the School, and one more ready 
 for the autumn. Several others ready to come as 
 soon as the opportunity offers. 
 
 The trip has been the event of a lifetime, has done 
 me a world of good, and given a new lease on life and 
 service in my chosen field. 
 
 A Reversionary Interest in the Property of the 
 
 School Secured to the Congregational 
 
 Conference of Ohio 
 
 During the year 1910, the Congregational Confer- 
 ence of Ohio, through its Registrar, Dr. J. G. Fraser, 
 entered into correspondence with the Congregational 
 Education Society with reference to the contribu- 
 tions of Ohio for the purpose of religious education, 
 and asked that the amounts designated for The 
 Schauffler Missionary Training School might be ap- 
 plied on the Apportionment of the State. 
 
 To the amount of $500 annually this request was 
 granted, but with the objection that the property of 
 the School was held by an independent corporation, 
 and was in no way secured to the denomination 
 which was chiefly supporting it. Further corre- 
 spondence developed that the objections of the Edu- 
 cational Society would be removed provided a clause 
 could be incorporated into the deeds of the property
 
 "A Sabbatic Year" 21 
 
 of the School, stipulating that, in case the School 
 should cease to exist, its property would revert to the 
 Congregational Conference of Ohio. 
 
 At its January meeting, 1911, the Corporation of 
 the School voted that it was the sense of that body 
 that such a reversionary clause should be incorpo- 
 rated into the deeds of the School; and at a later 
 meeting the Trustees were instructed to take the 
 necessary legal steps to accomplish this result. 
 
 On the twenty-third of the following November a 
 special meeting of the Corporation of the School was 
 held, at which meeting there was unanimously 
 adopted a resolution relating to the conveyance of 
 the property of the School to the Congregational 
 Conference of Ohio, and the reconveyance of the 
 same to The Schauffler Missionary Training School, 
 upon certain terms and conditions which would se- 
 cure such property to the denomination. This reso- 
 lution was referred to the Bureau of Finance of the 
 Congregational Conference of Ohio, and, on its rec- 
 ommendation, the proposition which it contained was 
 accepted by that body, and its President and Secre- 
 tary were instructed to receive the property from 
 the School, and reconvey the same to the School, 
 upon the terms and subject to the conditions set 
 forth in the resolution. 
 
 The action thus contemplated was duly carried
 
 2 1 2 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 into effect by the officers of both organizations; 
 which action is fully recorded in the minutes of both 
 bodies. 
 
 The title to the property of The Schauffler Mission- 
 ary Training School is now held, therefore, by its 
 own Trustees, subject to the stipulation that should 
 the Trustees of the School fail to fulfill the terms 
 of the agreement, or if the School should ever be 
 abandoned and cease to exist, its property would re- 
 vert to and become the property of the Congrega- 
 tional Conference of Ohio, to be administered or em- 
 ployed for such educational, missionary or religious 
 purposes within the State of Ohio as it may be em- 
 powered to do under its corporate rights. 
 
 By this action all property donations, or contribu- 
 tions for the purchase and improvement of the prop- 
 erties of the School, are secured forever for the pur- 
 poses of religious education and evangelization. 
 
 Following this action, the grant of the Education 
 Society to the School from the educational contribu- 
 tions of Ohio was increased from $500 to $1,000, and 
 the same was applied on the Apportionment of the 
 State. 
 
 In December of the same year, 1912, the Executive 
 Committee of the Congregational Home Missionary 
 Society was approached by the representatives of 
 the School, with a view to securing through that
 
 "A Sabbatic Year' 213 
 
 body the recognition, felt to be proper, of the Appor- 
 tionment Committee for special contributions of the 
 different State Woman's Home Missionary Unions to 
 the Schauffler School. And in the February follow- 
 ing, 1913, action was taken by the Home Missionary 
 Society permitting the Principal of the School to 
 secure from the Unions, exclusive of Ohio, for the 
 School the amount of $2,500, which, if sent through 
 the Society and properly designated, should be 
 counted on the Apportionment. 
 
 This action was of very great importance. The 
 Woman's Unions of the different States were espe- 
 cially interested in this School, which they regarded 
 as fundamentally important to the work of women 
 for women of our immigrant populations. Without 
 their generous and hearty support through the 
 years, it could not have been attained. It was their 
 desire to continue to support and develop it. But 
 they were auxiliary to the State Home Missionary 
 organizations, which, in turn, were auxiliary to the 
 National Home Missionary Society, which societies 
 had not recognized educational work of any kind as 
 within their province. The contributions of the 
 Woman's Unions, therefore, to the School, with the 
 exception of those of the Ohio Union, were not 
 counted by the societies of which they were auxil- 
 iary, and were made in the face of a strong pressure
 
 2 1 4 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 upon the churches to make up their apportionment 
 to the neglect of all outside objects. 
 
 By the action first of the Education Society, and 
 then by that of the National Home Missionary So- 
 ciety, there was given to the School a distinct recog- 
 nition as a factor in the National Home Missionary 
 work, and there was given to the Woman's Unions 
 the recognition which they desired in the support of 
 the School. 
 
 (See Appendix at end of the book.) 
 
 REV. JOHN FARIS BERRY, B.D. 
 
 Appointment of Rev. John Faris Berry, A.M., B.D. 
 
 During the winter term of 1911, in the absence 
 of Dr. Tenney, the Rev. John Faris Berry, pastor of 
 Puritan Congregational Church, Cleveland, was in- 
 vited to instruct classes in Church History and New 
 Testament. This he did with great acceptance, and 
 a like service was rendered for some months of the
 
 " A Sabbatic Year" 215 
 
 following year. It was then felt that the School 
 would be greatly strengthened by the permanent 
 presence of a man of experience and devotion upon 
 its Faculty. In September, 1912, therefore, Mr. 
 Berry was unanimously invited by the Trustees to 
 become a regular teacher, and to give his entire time 
 to the School. This invitation was accepted. 
 
 By temperament, training and experience Mr. 
 Berry was peculiarly qualified for this position. Be- 
 ing graduated from Western Reserve University 
 with the Class of '88, and from Oberlin Theological 
 Seminary with the Class of '91, he received a Fel- 
 lowship in Church History from the latter institu- 
 tion, and remained an additional year, receiving from 
 the College the degree of A.M. at that time. Dur- 
 ing the two following years he was employed by 
 the Theological Seminary as Instructor in Church 
 History, and for the four succeeding years as In- 
 structor in the English Bible. 
 
 To his five years of experience as a Biblical and 
 Historical teacher, following his academic and theo- 
 logical training, he now added fourteen years of suc- 
 cessful pastoral service with churches in Detroit and 
 Cleveland. 
 
 His experience as a pastor in the city churches 
 of the middle class which he had served had im- 
 pressed upon him the magnitude and importance of
 
 2 1 6 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 the immigrant problem, and the spirit and purpose 
 of the Schauffler School appealed to him as an im- 
 portant agency in its Christian solution. Possessing 
 natural taste for teaching, he gave himself to the 
 work with enthusiasm, and was most heartily wel- 
 comed both by students and by fellow teachers. 
 
 At the time that Mr. Berry was entering upon his 
 permanent work in the School September, 1912, Miss 
 Hobart, having been granted leave of absence for six 
 months for that purpose, was taking up special 
 studies in the School of Pedagogy in Hartford, 
 Connecticut.
 
 CHAPTER XVII 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 
 
 In rapid survey the history of the Schauffler Mis- 
 sionary Training School has been brought down to 
 the present year of our Lord, 1914. 
 
 Much has been left unsaid that is worthy of rec- 
 ord, and the earnest efforts of many workers in the 
 School and among the patrons and friends have re- 
 ceived but scant recognition. In the Book of Life, 
 however, the record is complete. And that record 
 reveals the most wonderful world movement of all 
 the ages, a movement, indeed, for which, in the 
 Providence of God, all the ages have been preparing ; 
 a movement which is bringing together into one, 
 and into a prepared place, the peoples of every nation 
 and tribe and tongue, that they may be welded into 
 a common brotherhood through the agency of a pre- 
 pared people. 
 
 The Schauffler School appears as a seemingly 
 minor, but unique and important, agency in the ac- 
 complishment of this result. 
 
 It reveals the prophetic vision and persevering and 
 conquering faith of one man, carried forward in its 
 progress and development by the devoted and self- 
 sacrificing efforts of many. 
 
 No more vivid and illuminating bird's-eye view of 
 
 217
 
 2 1 8 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 the School as it exists at the time of this writing 
 of its condition, its relations, its outlook and its work 
 can be given than that which is presented in the 
 Annual Report of the Principal to the Trustees of 
 the School, for the year 1913-1914, together with her 
 condensed report of Departments, which follows : 
 
 "Annual Report of Mary W. Mills, Principal of The 
 
 Schauffler Missionary Training School, 
 
 June, 1914 
 
 "As the time for the Annual Report comes around 
 again, we are glad to find that this year, also, even 
 as last, has been above the average in interest and 
 importance. Each year I find myself wondering 
 how I am to make an interesting and worthy report 
 of a year so exactly like other previous years. But 
 each one brings its new problems and perplexities, 
 its new items of interest, its enlarging vision, its 
 wider opportunities, its fears dissipated, its hopes 
 realized. The year never fails to have enough of the 
 unique and unusual to give point and pith for a 
 report. 
 
 "Excellent work has been done in the classroom 
 and in all departments of the School, and the year 
 has been very satisfactory and encouraging. The 
 enrollment has surpassed that of any previous year, 
 having been thirty-one, ten more than last year. Of
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 219 
 
 these, fourteen are Slavs, including Bohemian, Slo- 
 vaks and Poles, twelve are Americans, and five be- 
 long to other nationalities, Armenian, Syrian, 
 Swedish, and Italian. These young women represent 
 nine States and six foreign countries Bohemia, 
 Germany, Moravia, Turkey, Persia and Italy. They 
 belong to five different religious denominations, 
 speak fourteen different tongues, and have served 
 in one way or another twenty-five different churches 
 and missions in the city of Cleveland. 
 
 "The graduating class numbers six three Slo- 
 vaks, one Italian, and two Americans all of these 
 are assigned to work for the ensuing year. 
 
 "Two have taken the Pastors' Secretaries' course 
 and four the Missionary Training course. Next 
 year's class now numbers seven. The prospect for 
 the coming year is good. Applications are already 
 in for Italian, Armenian, Polish, and Magyar young 
 women, besides the usual number of American, Bo- 
 hemian, and Slovak. We have carried advertise- 
 ments in the "Christian Endeavor World," "Sunday 
 School Times," and in "The Advance," as usual. In- 
 stead of carrying advertisements in other papers 
 this year, we have written personal letters to the 
 pastors of churches throughout the Middle West, 
 asking for names of young women interested in 
 Christian service. More than 500 letters were writ-
 
 220 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 ten, with return postals enclosed, and a number of 
 names have been secured. These persons will be 
 followed up in the summer. A special effort was 
 made to reach the pastors of foreign-speaking 
 churches Swedish, German, Italian, Danish, Ar- 
 menian, Welsh, Japanese, and Chinese. Wherever 
 it has been possible, a letter has been inclosed in 
 her own language from one of the Schauffler stu- 
 dents. One of our Swedish young women wrote a 
 particularly fine letter to be sent to Swedish pastors, 
 and our Italian student 'did the same for the Italian 
 pastors. 
 
 "In accordance with the wish of the Principal, Mrs. 
 Osborne is planning to spend a week or ten days in 
 June in Pennsylvania and eastern Ohio visiting 
 young women in the churches, following up the in- 
 terest already aroused. Miss Reitinger has been 
 asked to go to Wisconsin and Minnesota, and visit 
 the Bohemian and Slovak missionary stations there, 
 and Miss Hobart will look after the churches in 
 Ohio and adjoining States. 
 
 "The spiritual atmosphere and character of the 
 School has been of a high order, and the work done 
 by the young women in all lines quite in accord with 
 the usual standard. 
 
 "The lecture course has included Professor Hutch- 
 ins, Mrs. Lydia Lord Davis, Professor Emma Per-
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 221 
 
 kins, and several others of note. In January, Mrs. 
 B. W. Labaree visited the School, bringing us all 
 great spiritual uplift. She has recently accepted a 
 call to the School of Pedagogy and The Kennedy 
 School of Missions, in Hartford, as director of prac- 
 tical work. She made many inquiries into our meth- 
 ods, and seemed gratified to find how much we were 
 doing along that line. 
 
 "In December, Dr. A. F. Schauffler of New York 
 visited the School and seemed gratified at the kind 
 of work we are doing. 
 
 The pastors of the city have been called in for 
 our Wednesday chapel service as usual. Again, as 
 last year, we have made special effort to use and 
 interest pastors of churches other than Congrega- 
 tional, and several of our Presbyterian, United Pres- 
 byterian, Baptist and Reformed friends have served 
 us with great acceptance. 
 
 Founder's Day was observed in January with an 
 evening program in Bethlehem Church. Members 
 of the student body and of the faculty took part, 
 and Dr. W. C. Mickey, of the Bethany Presbyterian 
 Church, was the speaker of the evening. Dr. Fraser 
 kindly served as presiding officer. Next year will 
 be the tenth anniversary of our Founder's death, 
 and the twenty-ninth of the founding of the School, 
 and our purpose is to make the day one of unusual
 
 222 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 interest, and to call attention more definitely to the 
 great work of Dr. Schauffler. 
 
 Besides Founder's Day, there have been other 
 days of special interest in the School, notably the 
 Day of Prayer for the School on the 17th day of 
 November, the evening service led by Professor 
 Hutchins, of Oberlin, of which we shall give more 
 detailed account later ; the gathering of the Congre- 
 gational ministers and their wives in January; the 
 Day of Prayer for Schools and Colleges in the same 
 month, with Mr. Hardendorf of Geneva to help us; 
 the days immediately preceding Easter with their 
 helpful services; the April meeting of the Woman's 
 Congregational Club. 
 
 The autumn ingatherings were less generous than 
 usual, owing to the failure in the fruit crop, but we 
 had enough to make them decidedly worth while, 
 and the canned fruits and vegetables lasted for a 
 considerable part of the year. The estimated value 
 of the gifts was $305.69. A very welcome and un- 
 solicited donation of dishes came to us in April from 
 Mr. and Mrs. Cole of Plymouth Church. We were 
 in special need at the time, as we were preparing for 
 the large gathering of the Woman's Club. 
 
 One of the most interesting events of the year has 
 been the enthusiasm of the Woman's Congregational 
 Club of the city in our behalf. A vigorous campaign
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 223 
 
 has been carried on among the churches, and over 
 $200 has been contributed for the furnishing of our 
 parlor and front hall. Both parlor and sitting-room 
 had been for some time plain to the point of shabbi- 
 ness. Last summer Mrs. Ford gave us some pictures 
 for the parlor. Early in the fall Mrs. E. H. Ben- 
 jamin contributed $100 for the refurnishing of our 
 sitting-room, and now that the Congregational Club 
 has so generously provided for the parlor, we feel 
 that our rooms present an attractive and pleasing 
 appearance to guests, besides giving great pleasure 
 to those of us who use the rooms daily. 
 
 The Alumnae Association maintains its interest 
 and gives continual reminders of the loving loyalty 
 of its members. The scholarship which they have 
 been raising amounts now to more than $700, and 
 the interest has been used in supporting one of the 
 young women in the School. They are aiming at a 
 $1,000 investment, which, in view of the small sal- 
 aries our young women graduates receive, shows not 
 only great loyalty but great self-denial on the part 
 of the members of the Alumnae Association. 
 
 "The work of the office has been more extensive 
 than in any previous year, so that twice we have 
 had to call in special help in carrying it forward. In 
 November the publicity campaign required the writ- 
 ing of a large number of extra letters, and Mrs.
 
 224 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Sicha gave a month of her time to this work. In 
 January, a young woman just out of business col- 
 lege was secured and has been employed from that 
 time until commencement. This was done with the 
 approval of the Executive Committee. The total 
 number of letters sent out from the office has been 
 4,415, of packages of printed matter not including 
 those put into letters, 2,434 ; both far exceeding any 
 previous record. Several new leaflets have been 
 issued one of Mr. Barton's stories, "The Three Re- 
 ligions," "A Tribute to Schauffler," by Miss Pan- 
 horst, of last year's class; "Snap Shots," and "The 
 Story of Diana," by Mr. Berry ; and a later story by 
 Mr. Barton, written expressly for us. We have 
 made a large edition of this last leaflet, "A Certain 
 Poor Widow," for special service in the coming cam- 
 paign, of which more will be said later under the 
 proper head. 
 
 The "Memorial" has been published as usual, with 
 a large edition in October for distribution at the 
 National Council. The April number was given es- 
 pecially to an appreciation of Dr. Tenney's services 
 for the three years he has been definitely connected 
 with the School. Our mailing list now numbers over 
 four thousand, having been greatly increased by our 
 publicity campaign. A second edition of the cata- 
 logue of 1912-1913 became necessary in October, and
 
 The Year 19/4 An Illuminating Report Tib 
 
 our new one for 1913-1914 came out in April. In 
 size and attractiveness this exceeds any previous 
 edition. 
 
 The new curriculum inaugurated last year has 
 worked well, and we are again finding it necessary 
 to add to our course of training. We should like to 
 offer next year a special course to be known as the 
 (Personal Workers' Course, and a course inPractical 
 ArtsV This last is especially designed for those who 
 are training for service in summer schools and in 
 the homes of the very poor in our large cities. Both 
 of these courses should be elective, and accepted in 
 the place of some other course now required. 
 
 "The request for the last course has come to us 
 from others than our students. Mr. Hall, of Niagara 
 Falls, our most generous donor, has suggested that 
 our curriculum contain more of the practical things, 
 especially along the line of Physiology, Hygiene, 
 and Nursing. He has sent us as a gift the set of 
 Jewett's books for our library, and has presented 
 each of the six members of the graduating class with 
 a complete set. He feels that the time spent on 
 Bible History and similar studies is out of proportion 
 to that given to practical studies. While I do not 
 see how it is possible to omit any of the studies we 
 are already teaching, it is quite possible and nec- 
 essary to have more along the line he suggests. My
 
 226 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 own thought is that we must introduce in addition 
 to the things mentioned something quite unique and 
 much needed which will meet with general approval, 
 call attention to our School, and create special in- 
 terest in securing new students and winning the 
 confidence of our donors. 
 
 The Apportionment Plan, which caused us so much 
 trouble a year ago, has this year worked in our favor. 
 The State Women's organizations have provided 
 more generously than usual for our current ex- 
 penses. Ohio's money comes through the Education 
 Society, and amounted to $1,000 from January to 
 January. One payment has already been made on 
 the present year. In accordance with the action of 
 the Home Missionary Society of February, 1913, the 
 other State organizations have contributed through 
 that Society. Last year we had from them 
 $1,850.72. 
 
 In April of this year, the action of 1913 was 
 indorsed and again voted by the Society. Since 
 then we have been in receipt of several hundred dol- 
 lars from these sources; the total to date has been 
 $1,294.34. Thus with the contributions from our 
 regular donors and a few new ones, our current ex- 
 penses have been very well provided for. 
 
 A considerable amount of money has come to us 
 in small sums through our advertising campaign,
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 227 
 
 and this has helped us greatly. Today we are able 
 to report all bills paid, our note of $3,000 reduced 
 to $1,300 ; the building fund has had some contribu- 
 tions and now amounts to $12,358.42. Small 
 amounts have been contributed to our permanent 
 fund. One legacy has come to us of $500 from the 
 estate of Dr. John Cushing, of Turner, Maine. His 
 daughter and I had been friends years ago, and after 
 her death, Dr. and Mrs. Cushing followed me in my 
 work with interest. At his death he left this ap- 
 preciation of the service the Schauffler School is 
 doing. 
 
 Interest in the School has increased in the city 
 of Cleveland in other lines than those distinctly Con- 
 gregational. In February the Comity Committee of 
 Cleveland Churches voted to recommend to all the 
 ministers of the city that they become acquainted 
 with the work of The Schauffler Missionary Training 
 School. Catalogues were sent and personal letters 
 were written to about 125 of the pastors. There 
 was never a time when the School was so favorably 
 known in our own city as it is now. 
 
 In December Dr. Tenney severed his close relation 
 with the School, which he has had for three years. 
 He does not feel that he can remain with us for 
 the entire fall term, as he has done heretofore, but 
 will give us lectures each year and will still aid in
 
 228 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 stimulating enthusiasm concerning our work. It is 
 of especial interest to know that he is preparing a 
 history of the School from its beginning to the pres- 
 ent time, and we hope soon to put it before the pub- 
 lic. Dr. Tenney is especially well fitted for this work, 
 as he has been connected with the School, in one 
 way or another, since its earliest beginnings, and if 
 his coming to the School had done nothing but this 
 it would have been well worth all the time and serv- 
 ice he has given to us. 
 
 It is with deep regret that we lose him from the 
 teaching force of the School. For the three years 
 he has been untiring in his efforts for the success 
 of all the departments of our work. He has helped 
 as no one else could have done in meeting many of 
 the most serious problems which arose out of our 
 relations to the Education Society, to the Home Mis- 
 sionary Society, to the denomination at large. He 
 has also been most helpful in meeting our local prob- 
 lems and the exigencies of administration. 
 
 Condensed Report of Departments 
 
 The report of the various departments of study is 
 made briefer than last year because of the larger 
 interests that must take considerable attention later. 
 
 Bible. This department has been carried on by 
 Dr. Tenney in the fall term; by Mr. Berry, Miss
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 229 
 
 Hobart, Miss Reitinger, throughout the whole year, 
 and by Mrs. Mills during the spring term. Dr. Ten- 
 ney's instruction was in Hebrew Poetry and in The- 
 ology. The classes consisted of our six Seniors, and 
 a total number of 98 hours of teaching was given. 
 During the fall term he shared in the chapel services, 
 conducting twice weekly, and entered most helpfully 
 into the daily life of the School. Mr. Berry's Bible 
 teaching consisted of Old Testament History, run- 
 ning through the year, and occupying 105 hours ; Old 
 Testament Prophecy, also running through the year, 
 covering 70 hours; Wisdom Literature, running 
 through the winter term, 28 hours; these studies 
 included the Seniors only. During the spring term 
 he had a class in Romans, numbering 13, and 
 occupying 30 hours. Miss Hobart's work in Bible 
 has consisted of classes in the Gospels of Luke and 
 John, and the book of Acts, with a total of hours 
 in this department of 208. Miss Reitinger's work 
 has been in Bohemian Gospels and Bohemian Bible 
 History. In the spring term, Mrs. Mills has con- 
 ducted a class in the Development of the English 
 Bible, the story of the Manuscripts, and the Forma- 
 tion of the Canon. 
 
 Church History. This department has been in 
 charge of Mr. Berry and Miss Reitinger. English 
 Church History has been taught throughout the
 
 230 The Schau filer Missionary Training School 
 
 year for 100 hours. Miss Reitinger's Church His- 
 tory has covered the winter and spring terms, with 
 a total of 59 hours. This work has been supple- 
 mented by Dr. Bradley's instructive lectures on the 
 work of an Institutional Church. 
 
 Mental and Moral Science. This department, in 
 charge of Mr. Berry, has included Psychology, con- 
 sisting of a class of 15, covering 63 hours, and Ethics 
 with the Seniors, covering 74 hours. 
 
 Missions. This department has been in charge of 
 Miss Hobart, and 90 hours have been given to in- 
 struction. Miss Hobart reports that the young 
 women prepared nearly all their work from reference 
 books in the library. They were required to write 
 articles on missionary biographies, and to prepare 
 missionary meetings, which they carried on in the 
 class. 
 
 Practical Service. For the most part the Prin- 
 cipal directs the work in this department, and in her 
 absence Mr. Berry takes charge. The young women 
 are expected to give two-sevenths of their time to 
 practical, helpful service in the churches of the city. 
 Twenty-five churches and missions have been so 
 served, including Congregational, Presbyterian, Bap- 
 tist, Methodist, and Disciple. A great variety of 
 work has been done, including Sunday schools, sew- 
 ing schools, missionary meetings, various boys'
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 231 
 
 clubs, camp fire clubs, day nurseries, church kinder- 
 gartens, Junior Endeavor work, house-to-house can- 
 vass, interpreters, social and religious visiting and 
 assiting in carrying on Junior churches. Monthly 
 report meetings have been held, and helpful sugges- 
 tions made by members of the faculty and visiting 
 friends. In the fall a plan was inaugurated asking 
 the ministers of the churches served, to report on 
 the work done by the young women. Many of the 
 pastors have been very cordial in their cooperation 
 in our efforts to train the young women for effective 
 service. The calls and visits have amounted to 
 about 4,800. It is impossible to report accurately 
 the amount of work done. This department is grow- 
 ing in importance, and during the summer we hope 
 to plan to make it more effective than ever. More 
 and more I feel that this should be the distinctive 
 feature of the Schauffler School. We hope to have 
 report meetings more frequently and to come more 
 closely in touch with the churches and pastors 
 served. 
 
 Sunday School Work. This has been, as last year, 
 in charge of Mrs. Marion Ballou Fisk, and has con- 
 sisted of fourteen lessons in Sunday School drawing. 
 
 Stenography. This department is in charge of 
 Miss Allyn, who reports two classes, and excellent 
 work done.
 
 232 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Music. This department is under Professor Bay- 
 han and Miss Hobart. The results in Professor Bay- 
 han's classes in Voice Culture have been excellent. 
 Miss Hobart has given the usual number of organ 
 and piano lessons, and has had classes in sight read- 
 ing and vocal practice. 
 
 Language and Literature. The work in this de- 
 partment has been carried on as usual. In the ab- 
 sence of the Principal, Mr. Berry and Miss Allyn 
 have acted as supply teachers with great acceptance. 
 The Seniors have taken up the special study of Ten- 
 nyson's "Idylls of the King," and have been given 
 topics to write upon. The classes in English Gram- 
 mar and in the beginnings of English, as well as in 
 the more advanced study of Rhetoric and Composi- 
 tion, have been carried on throughout the year. 
 
 Domestic Science. Mrs. Osborne reports in this 
 department a class of eight, meeting fourteen times. 
 The class periods are three hours each, thus making 
 a total of forty-two hours. Instead of an examina- 
 tion at the close of the work, the young women were 
 given four dollars and a half with which they were to 
 serve a four-course dinner to eight guests. This 
 made a complete review of the term's work, as every- 
 thing served was prepared by the young women. 
 We are greatly hampered in our work in this depart- 
 ment by lack of room and proper equipment.
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 233 
 
 Physical Training. The work in this department 
 is in charge of Mrs. Osborne in Physiology, Dr. 
 Towslee in Medical Lectures, Miss Arthur in Prac- 
 tical Nursing, and Miss Mairs in Gymnasium work. 
 All of the divisions of this department have been 
 carried on as usual, except that of the Gymnasium. 
 Miss Mairs's serious illness with pneumonia during 
 the greater part of the year, left this branch of the 
 work without a leader for several weeks. After her 
 return to the School, the class was carried on some- 
 what later in the season than usual in order to make 
 up for lost time. 
 
 Sewing. This department has been under the care 
 of Miss Hobart, and has been carried on as usual. 
 When our new department in Practical Arts is es- 
 tablished, sewing will be a part of that course. 
 
 The hours of actual class instruction, not including 
 conferences, various committee meetings, and un- 
 reckoned special activities, number 2,300. Besides 
 this, there have been many hours spent in close per- 
 sonal relations with the young women, in various 
 meetings for consultation, and many unreportable 
 activities carried on by all the members of the fac- 
 ulty. Again, as last year, we feel that the personal 
 equation in the work of the Schauffler School is the 
 most important, and yet the least able to be accur- 
 ately reckoned.
 
 234 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Field Work. In one way or another most of the 
 members of the faculty and some of the students 
 have shared in this department. In October, Mr. 
 Berry and the Principal were in attendance upon 
 the meeting of the National Council in Kansas City. 
 Three of our graduates at work in cities near at hand 
 came to help us in the exhibit given in connection 
 with the Home Missionary Society. The young 
 women assisted also in the Ellis Island exhibit given 
 by Mr. Breed. We had many visitors, and much was 
 done toward making the School and its work more 
 generally known. In connection with Mr. Berry's 
 trip to Kansas City he visited our workers in Indian- 
 apolis, Chicago, and St. Louis, secured material for 
 an interesting article in the "Memorial," for public 
 addresses, and valuable pictures for slides. We now 
 have nearly a hundred slides of the School and its 
 work, and they have been much in demand the last 
 year. In February, Mr. Berry visited Pennsylvania, 
 spoke in some of the churches, met with the Penn- 
 sylvania division of the Alumnae Association, and 
 secured names of possible students. In April, he 
 visited Michigan, speaking in the churches, making 
 use of the slides, and effectively interesting the peo- 
 ple. His public addresses have numbered sixteen. 
 
 In May, Miss Hobart took the place of the Princi- 
 pal at the Ohio State Conference, and Mrs. Osborne
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 235 
 
 presided at the literature table. Miss Allyn from 
 time to time has filled appointments, and some of 
 our young women in the Alumnae and student body 
 have also served us in public work. 
 
 The field work of the Principal this year was not 
 begun until February. Since that time she has been 
 away almost continuously. The first itinerary was 
 made in February and March. About five weeks 
 were spent in New York and Boston with a few 
 public addresses. The larger part of the time, how- 
 ever, was given to the meeting of committees, and to 
 the interesting of individuals in the great plans 
 of the Federation. In March, three weeks were 
 given to Wisconsin and Illinois, with excellent re- 
 sults, especially in Wisconsin, which has heretofore 
 been unworked territory. In April and May, Con- 
 necticut was visited, where again the greater part 
 of the work was done in connection with the Feder- 
 ation rather than in public addresses. The Semi- 
 annual Meeting of the Massachusetts Home Mission- 
 ary Association was attended, and there were a few 
 other meetings of more than usual importance. The 
 public addresses have been forty-three. 
 
 Since Dr. Herring's appointment to the secretary- 
 ship of the National Council, we have been in cor- 
 respondence with him, at his suggestion, regarding 
 a new organization in the interests of the paid
 
 236 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 woman workers of our Congregational churches. Dr. 
 Herring's thought was to secure a temporary or- 
 ganization after the pattern of the Methodist Dea- 
 coness Association, yet dressed in Congregational 
 garb. After due correspondence, it is hoped that a 
 permanent organization may be effected at the meet- 
 ing of the National Council in New Haven in 1915. 
 The preliminary meeting was held under the guid- 
 ance of Mrs. Herring in Hartford on May 4. This 
 date was chosen a little earlier than originally 
 planned in order that the Schauffler Missionary 
 School might be represented by its Principal. About 
 twenty women were in attendance for morning and 
 afternoon sessions. Methods of work were dis- 
 cussed, and plans made for getting the subject be- 
 fore women workers at large. The general senti- 
 ment of the gathering was in favor of a permanent 
 organization. A committee was appointed, of which 
 Mrs. Herring is chairman, to hold conferences in dif- 
 ferent sections of the country and have the project 
 ready to broach at the meeting in New Haven. The 
 Hartford School of Pedagogy was represented in per- 
 son, the Chicago Training School for Women by a 
 letter from Miss Rachel Rodgers, and The Schauffler 
 Missionary Training School by its Principal. The 
 meeting was one of importance, and the Schauffler 
 School is glad, to have had a share in its plans and 
 program.
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 237 
 
 At the semi-annual meeting of the trustees in Jan- 
 uary a brief report was given which, in view of the 
 small number present at that time, may with good 
 reason be repeated at this meeting. During the 
 fall considerable correspondence has been carried on 
 with Dr. Davis of Chicago, Professor Hutchins of 
 Oberlin and some of the officers of the Home Mis- 
 sionary Society, regarding the possible transference 
 of the School to some place more closely in touch 
 with larger institutions like Oberlin or Chicago. 
 These suggestions were given every consideration by 
 the Faculty and Board of Trustees. At the sugges- 
 tion of Dr. Tenney, a letter was carefully prepared 
 answering the questions and suggestions of Dr. 
 Davis and Professor Hutchins. This letter has been 
 sent out to various friends whose interest in us and 
 our future made it seem wise to give them our view- 
 point. This letter, together with several confer- 
 ences and the two gifts of $5,000 each, seems to have 
 satisfactorily answered the queries and to have set- 
 tled the point of discussion. 
 
 The event of greatest moment this year has been 
 our effort to secure money for the much needed new 
 building. Late in the summer, a number of letters 
 were written asking for quotable opinions regard- 
 ing our work. President King, President Thwing, 
 Mr. Wright of the Federated Churches, Dr. Herring,
 
 238 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Dr. Zorbaugh, and a large number of others very 
 kindly wrote suitable testimonials, and a leaflet was 
 printed containing these opinions, together with 
 some facts of interest. This leaflet has been much 
 in demand all the year. It is of special interest to 
 note that almost the last act of Mrs. William Kin- 
 caid before her death was to respond to our request 
 in one of the best stated testimonials we had. This 
 was true also of Dr. Hayden. 
 
 During the month of November there came in 
 answer to letters written from the office, two checks 
 of $5,000 each, which, added to the $1,500 secured 
 more than a year ago, and the various small gifts of 
 the year, gives us about $13,000 toward the building 
 fund. 
 
 The 17th of November was set apart as a special 
 day of prayer for the School and for God's guidance 
 and blessing in our plans and in the carrying of 
 them out. Professor Hutchins came to us from 
 Oberlin and conducted an evening service with his 
 rare spiritual power and inspiration. On the preced- 
 ing Sunday, the Congregational pastors of the city 
 were asked to make special mention of the School 
 in their church service. Most of them gladly and 
 sympathetically responded to this appeal. It has 
 been a great privilege to watch the results of this 
 day and see the evident answers to our prayers. The
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 239 
 
 first indication of a definite response came in Janu- 
 ary in the form of a letter from Miss Crafts, of Min- 
 nesota, one of the active friends of the School, say- 
 ing that at a meeting of the Executive Committee of 
 the Federation in Chicago, the suggestion had been 
 made that a special fund be raised by the women of 
 the Congregational churches for some definite work. 
 Several objects were mentioned, and finally the 
 Schauffler School was suggested. The thought was 
 instantly taken up, and there was not a dissenting 
 voice as to the desirability and fitness in making 
 the Schauffler School the object of this fund. 
 Twenty-five thousand dollars was mentioned as a 
 possible goal. This seemed one step toward the 
 realization of our hopes. 
 
 In February, while in Brooklyn, I sent to Mrs. 
 Hart, the President of the Woman's Federation, a 
 copy of Mr. Barton's "Three Religions." There came 
 from her a quick response, suggesting the same 
 thing as Miss Crafts, but naming the amount to be 
 raised as much larger. I went up to White Plains 
 and spent the day with Mrs. Hart, going over all 
 the pros and cons of the plan. Since then several 
 conferences have been held with individuals, and 
 groups of individuals, with the officers of the Fed- 
 eration, and state presidents of the Unions. It has 
 been a matter of intense daily interest and prayer
 
 240 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 since the first thought came early in the year. At 
 a recent meeting of the Executive Committee in 
 April it was unanimously voted that the Congrega- 
 tional women of the country should strive to raise 
 within the next five years a special fund to build, 
 equip, and endow a new building for the Schauffler 
 School, the amount to be $125,000. Plans have al- 
 ready been made for getting the idea before the dif- 
 ferent state organizations, for enlisting interest 
 throughout the country and for making a campaign 
 of great influence and power. 
 
 It has been suggested that there should be some 
 special features developed, unique and effective, such 
 as a pageant or tableaux that could be repeated in 
 different cities of our country, to secure large num- 
 bers of people in the raising of this fund. It is 
 hoped that we may be able to enlist wealthy women 
 who are not now giving through the regular chan- 
 nels, and to whom the work of the Schauffler School 
 will especially appeal. 
 
 At a later meeting, in May, of the Executive 
 Committee, a memorial was written to the National 
 Council of Missions, stating the desire of the Fed- 
 eration, and asking cooperation and assistance. Dr. 
 Herring has responded cordially to this letter, saying 
 that the matter cannot be presented to the Council 
 of Missions until their annual meeting in October,
 
 The Year 19/4 An Illuminating Report 241 
 
 but the recommendation of the Committee will prob- 
 ably be approved. 
 
 In view of these facts and the greatness of the 
 undertaking, by consent of the chairman of our 
 Board of Trustees and in accordance with the judg- 
 ment of the faculty, we have invited Mrs. Hart to 
 spend a week in visiting the School, and the fields 
 in which our graduates are working, that she may 
 become familiar with the different phases of our 
 social and religious activities, and thus be able to 
 write and speak more effectively regarding us. It 
 has been the rare privilege of the Principal, in all 
 these great questions to be associated with such 
 women as Mrs. Hastings H. Hart, Mrs. Williston 
 Walker, Mrs. Harry Wade Hicks, Mrs. F. H. Warner, 
 and Mrs. H. C. Herring. With such women back 
 of the movement, and with the cordial approvement 
 of all the State presidents so far as we have been 
 able to correspond with them, there seems large 
 reason for hopefulness regarding the successful 
 carrying out of the plan. 
 
 In view of the probable need in the immediate 
 future of new leaflets that should especially grip 
 and hold the interest of women, Mr. Barton was 
 asked to prepare a story, which should be ours to use 
 in any way we chose. This he has done, and has 
 given us something better than either of his others.
 
 242 The Schau flier Missionary Training School 
 
 To those of us who have read this story, there seems 
 nothing left to ask for in the way of a graphic, force- 
 ful, and unique presentation of the work our young 
 women are doing. 
 
 The annual meeting of the Federation will occur 
 in Providence in October, and at this meeting the 
 project will be launched as a Federation movement. 
 The Principal will try to be in attendance upon this 
 meeting, and hopes to be able to call to her assistance 
 some of the Schauffler graduates at work in New 
 England. An exhibit similar to the one in Kansas 
 City will be displayed, and everything done to give 
 the Schauffler School its proper place as the object 
 of the Federation interest. Another item of great 
 importance that has occupied considerable time and 
 attention is the fund known as the Kincaid Memorial 
 Fund. Mrs. William Kincaid, for many years presi- 
 dent of the New York Home Missionary Union, died 
 in August of last year. She has been interested in 
 the Schauffler School since the time of its earliest be- 
 ginnings, has visited it several times, and has in- 
 terested the entire State of New York in its work 
 and contributed in many ways to its success. The 
 Executive Committee of the New York Union 
 wishes to raise a suitable memorial for Mrs. Kin- 
 caid. It feels that the Schauffler School is a legiti- 
 mate object for the Kincaid Memorial gift. Twenty-
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 243 
 
 MRS. WILLIAM KINCAID
 
 244 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 five thousand dollars has been spoken of as the 
 amount to be raised. Indications point pretty 
 strongly toward making the Schauffler School the 
 recipient of a part of this fund. It is purposed to 
 raise this amount outside the regular channels and 
 without drawing from the usual contributions. 
 
 For the raising of this latter fund, the Principal 
 will probably not be much called upon, but for the 
 larger fund of $125,000 to be raised by the Federa- 
 tion, she will be somewhat in demand by way of 
 supplying material and helping in the publicity 
 campaign. 
 
 For this reason some additional office force will be 
 necessary, and probably some additional teaching 
 force, that the Principal may be entirely relieved 
 from any obligation in that direction. 
 
 Immediate action seems to be necessary in the 
 appointing of a building committee, the selecting of 
 an architect, the making of specifications, and the 
 preparations for breaking ground at as early a date 
 as possible, so that when final action is taken and 
 the first annual contribution made, we may move 
 forward toward the carrying out of our plans. 
 
 In concluding, permit me a personal word. In 
 reviewing the history of the past twelve months, 
 certain points stand out with clearness against the 
 dimmer outlines of the days' routine. Of all the
 
 The Year 19/4 An Illuminating Report 245 
 
 fifteen years spent in the Schauffler School there has 
 never been one in which the difficulties along all 
 lines of work have been so many or loomed so large ; 
 no year in which the burdens have been so heavy, 
 the perplexities so manifold, the problems so in- 
 tricate, or the embarrassing situations so unexpected 
 and so unprovided for; no year in which physical 
 limitations have so many times left the courage at 
 ebb tide and caused faith to waver. 
 
 But on the other hand, there has never been a 
 year so full of unsolicited help, unexpected sympathy 
 and evident providential control of unforeseen situa- 
 tions ; never a year in which God has so manifestly 
 been our guide through the intricate mazes of the 
 Schauffler's yearly labyrinth, and never a year in 
 which the mists of uncertainty and anxiety have 
 been so unexpectedly blown away, revealing clear 
 skies above and sunlight round about. We say, 
 "wonderful," and are reminded of the little girl who 
 pertinently asked her mother in a similar situation, 
 "Why, Mamma, isn't that just like God?" Our ex- 
 tremity has been God's opportunity, and He has 
 shown himself strong in our behalf. The motto of 
 the Alumnae is, "I have set my face like a flint," and 
 the motto of the present graduating class is, "We go 
 in the strength of the Lord." 
 
 The two mottoes express both our necessity and
 
 246 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 our purpose for the future. On this last day of all 
 the fifteen Commencement days of our Schauffler ex- 
 perience, we feel as never before, confident that He 
 who is able and willing to do far beyond our asking, 
 will see to it that the Schauffler School comes into 
 its own, and the vision of what ought to be, and, 
 therefore, in the good providence of God, must be, 
 in the not too distant future, gives new courage, 
 larger faith, and brighter hope in assuming once 
 again the burden of carrying on the Schauffler School 
 another year." 
 
 Reference is made by Mrs. Mills in the foregoing 
 report, page 237, to correspondence had with Dr. 
 Ozora Davis, President of the Chicago Theological 
 Seminary, and others, relative to the possible re- 
 moval of the Schauffler School to some other locality, 
 and its union with some other school of similar char- 
 acter, the Chicago Training School for Women being 
 especially in mind. 
 
 The occasion of this correspondence was the finan- 
 cial pressure felt by all of the great educational and 
 missionary institutions of the country, the difficulty 
 experienced in raising sufficient funds to carry on 
 their rapidly developing work, the consequent ne- 
 cessity for economy, the undesirability of multiply- 
 ing institutions of a similar character, and the im-
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 247 
 
 portance of uniting existing institutions wherever 
 this could be done without the sacrifice of the ends 
 for which they were established. All of the con- 
 siderations urged were fully appreciated and duly 
 considered in their bearing upon the policy with re- 
 spect to the future of the Schauffler School. 
 
 The conclusion reached by all intimately connected 
 with the latter school are so forcibly expressed in 
 the letter of Mrs. Mills to Dr. Davis that, as an im- 
 portant item in the history of the School, it is here 
 presented. 
 
 November 19, 1913. 
 "My dear Dr. Davis: 
 
 "We were very sorry not to have you with us on 
 Monday evening. We hoped up to the last minute 
 for your presence. We had a wonderful meeting of 
 great spiritual power. It has put new hope and new 
 courage into us all. We were inspired also by the 
 thought that others were remembering us in differ- 
 ent parts of the country. 
 
 "I want now this morning, if I may, to answer 
 your letter in detail. Let me first take up the matter 
 of the two schools. I confess that I am not very 
 frequently asked the question as to the two schools 
 for women, except in the State of Illinois, where 
 it very naturally arises in the thought of the friends 
 of both schools. My answer has always been that
 
 248 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 the two schools are utterly different. Your appeal 
 is to the college-trained young woman; ours to the 
 graded-school graduate and high-school girl. We 
 specialize in the training of the young, undeveloped 
 girls for very personal service in the home, and 
 among the children of our foreign-speaking friends. 
 A college-trained young woman, not only could not, 
 but would not, do this kind of work as our girls can. 
 Her very training unfits her for it. The criticism 
 sometimes made of colleges and seminaries is that 
 they train away from the most necessary kind of 
 work with the foreign people, rather than toward 
 it; that the training of the head is more dominant 
 than the training of the heart, and that the young 
 men and young women who come out from our 
 colleges and seminaries are neither able nor willing 
 to do the self-sacrificing, poorly paid service, which 
 our young women are able to do, and which in fact 
 they do do, with a devotion and self-sacrifice that 
 puts me to shame. And this kind of service among 
 the foreigners will have to be done for generations, 
 in fact as long as immigrants continue to come to 
 this country. And the need for our young women 
 will be even greater in the future than in the past. 
 
 "We have enrolled this year twenty-seven young 
 women, more than one third of whom are Slavs. Al- 
 most another third are American young women, of
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 249 
 
 fine caliber, only one of whom is a college woman. 
 The others are Armenian, Assyrian, Italian, and 
 Swedish. In January we shall enroll from six to ten 
 more. One third of our girls might be benefited in a 
 school like yours of college women, and in association 
 with the cultural life of a university. One third of 
 them would have to take two or three years of train- 
 ing before they could even enter your school or a 
 similar one. The other third could never enter at all. 
 They not only have not mental capacity, nor the abil- 
 ity to take on wider culture, but they have no 
 money to pay even in small part their expenses. 
 Yet this last third will do the finest, largest, most 
 needed service for our foreign friends, because of 
 their nearness to them in sympathy, and because 
 of their consecrated eagerness to serve their race, in 
 spite of small salaries, and unwholesome social 
 conditions. 
 
 "I have not thought of your School as encroaching 
 in the least upon ours. We seem to be aiming at a 
 different thing. Moreover, we are the oldest school 
 of the kind in the field, Congregationally, and we are 
 also the center of the Slavic work, educationally. 
 Slavic young men are educated at Oberlin, and we 
 stand, first of all, for the education of Slavic young 
 women, though our field has widened with the 
 years. Cleveland's Slavic population gives us special
 
 250 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 advantages in training our young women, for though 
 you have more Slavs in the total, we have a larger 
 proportion as considered with the other kinds of for- 
 eigners in the city. It is claimed that with us every 
 third person in the city is a Slav of some kind. 
 
 "Religiously, too, the Slavic Congregational center 
 is east of Chicago, for one third of all the organ- 
 ized churches are in Cleveland, and the center of the 
 Polish Congregational work is in Detroit, and of or- 
 ganized Slovak work is in Pennsylvania. 
 
 "Our young women serve as helpers in various re- 
 ligious activities, twenty churches in the city and 
 suburbs. Most of these churches require help among 
 the foreign-speaking people in their own neighbor- 
 hood. Other denominations here, also, notably the 
 Methodist and Presbyterian, are already opening 
 fields among the Slavs, Magyars and Italians, and 
 are calling upon us for help. In thus serving the 
 churches while still in training, the young women 
 are themselves being trained and are rendering valu- 
 able and indispensable assistance to the churches of 
 Cleveland which are attempting to meet and solve 
 the foreign problem. This method of service in the 
 different churches has been developed slowly as the 
 years have passed, and it would seem a difficult mat- 
 ter to put into operation exactly the same kind of 
 thing in a changed environment. The serving under
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 251 
 
 trained ministers serves to give them cultural in- 
 fluence and a definite training peculiarly adapted to 
 their needs, and is one of the features of our train- 
 ing most difficult to transfer. By our removal, too, 
 to some other place, much of the great and growing 
 work among the Slavs and other foreigners in Cleve- 
 land would have to be given up. Calls for our young 
 women in training and for graduates already far 
 outnumber our enrollment; we must enlarge our ca- 
 pacity that we may more nearly meet the demands 
 made upon us. 
 
 "Were we to be transferred to Chicago or some 
 other place we should lose our Slavic setting, large 
 numbers of our Slavic friends, our historic associa- 
 tion, a large part of our constituency, and would be 
 lost among your institutions of higher and more 
 general education. It seems to us here in Cleveland 
 that the most important question for many years to 
 come is, What we are to do with the incoming Slavic 
 peoples. Of the more than a million of foreigners 
 that came to our country in the year from July, 1912, 
 to July, 1913, one third were Slavs, including not 
 only Bohemians, Poles, and Slovaks, but Servians, 
 Croatians, Bosnians, Bulgarians, Russians, Sloven- 
 ians, Herzogovinians, and others. The Slavs coming 
 into our country far outnumber any other national- 
 ity. (The Southern Italians come next in order.)
 
 252 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 So that so far as Slavic work is concerned it would 
 seem that this ought to be the educational center for 
 many years to come. 
 
 "The 'neighborhood house' and the social settle- 
 ment do very much for a community of foreigners, 
 but in addition to the "neighborhood house" and the 
 social settlement there is a work, both religious and 
 social, which must be done for the women and chil- 
 dren in the home, which neither "house" nor "set- 
 tlement" can do, and which our simple-hearted, con- 
 secrated young women, with their 'gift of tongues,' 
 can do with marked efficiency. 
 
 "Moreover, our home life, which is one of our 
 strongest points, cultivates in a marked degree the 
 religious side of the young women, with due regard 
 to their mental, social and physical needs. I do not 
 believe that our home and family life is duplicated 
 in any other school in the country. The advantage 
 to the American girls whom we train, of being in 
 the home life associated daily with the best of our 
 foreign-speaking young women, is of inestimable 
 value to them. Race prejudice is a thing utterly 
 unknown within our school walls; all the racial an- 
 tagonisms of the old country and of this, vanish in 
 the spiritual atmosphere of our home life. 
 
 "In some ways our isolated school life helps in the 
 establishment of precedents and customs and ideals
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 253 
 
 which would be difficult to establish in connection 
 with a larger institution. I believe that the average 
 college woman attempting to work among the for- 
 eign people is in great danger of feeling superior, 
 of being out of sympathy with uneducated and un- 
 aspiring men and women of foreign birth, of lack- 
 ing appreciation of the viewpoint of our foreign 
 friends, of ignorance of their history, and that, as a 
 rule, she does more harm than good by the patroniz- 
 ing manner with which she does her work. All of 
 these dangers, we think, are entirely overcome by 
 our training, before the American young woman 
 goes out in the work among our foreign-speaking 
 people. Her daily association and the temper and 
 tone of the school life tend to make her especially 
 fitted to meet with the foreign people on common 
 ground. 
 
 "Personally, I have known two or three fields of 
 work among our Slavic people to have been quite 
 demoralized and made unfruitful by the college- 
 social-service woman who has gone among the for- 
 eigners with so large a sense of her own importance, 
 and so small an idea of the capacity and needs of 
 the people she wished to serve, as to make her ut- 
 terly unfit to take up the work. 
 
 "Of course, I know that there are exceptions to 
 the average college woman; I hope I, myself, am
 
 254 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 one of them. There are also exceptions to the aver- 
 age college man, of which you, yourself, are one; 
 but it seems to me that the average college does not 
 train people into sympathy with the deepest needs 
 of our foreigners. 
 
 "And now let me say a word about the economical 
 side of the question. I think our trustees feel that 
 no school is carried on more economically than ours. 
 For the many years in which I have been in charge 
 we have had no deficit at our Trustees' Meeting in 
 June. Our economic administration has grown up 
 with the years. Our method of self-support makes 
 many things possible that could not be so in most 
 other schools. The young woman with no money 
 and with very moderate mental ability can secure 
 her training for service in a way that cultivates self- 
 respect and develops character, a thing that all of 
 our foreigners particularly need. Our young women 
 do all of the work of the School, and it is done 
 quite as a matter of course. It would be difficult to 
 keep up with this precedent in a new location in 
 connection with other schools, where different cus- 
 toms and ideals prevail. 
 
 "Our economic administration has so commended 
 itself to our donors and to business men that we 
 have their fullest confidence. Our particular kind 
 of training appeals to people as almost nothing else
 
 The Year 1914 An Illuminating Report 255 
 
 does. While our growth has been slow, it has been 
 steady and substantial for twenty-seven years, and 
 we have a constituency of which, I think, we may 
 well be proud. If I have had any success in raising 
 money it is because of our unique administration, 
 and our peculiar adaptation to the first and most 
 urgent needs of the immigrant. I do not feel at all 
 sure that we could get more money than we are now 
 receiving by a greater consolidation of plants, or 
 for larger plans. 
 
 "Pardon this long letter, but I am anxious to an- 
 swer as fully as I may be able your questions, and to 
 give you our view of the situation. 
 
 "You will rejoice with us, I am sure, in the recent 
 gift of $10,000 for our new building. The problems 
 presented to me by your letter and by that of Pro- 
 fessor Hutchins have led me to ask very definitely 
 that we might have some indication of the Lord's 
 will in this matter of such importance to the work. 
 Within three days two checks of $5,000 each came 
 to us. We take courage and go forward. May you 
 and we be guided in the plans we make for the com- 
 ing of the Master's Kingdom. 
 
 Most sincerely and cordially yours, 
 
 (Mrs.) Mary W. Mills."
 
 CHAPTER XVIII 
 Biographical Sketches 
 
 Were the Schauffler School an American high 
 school, academy or woman's college of the familiar 
 type, the following chapter would be superfluous and 
 presuming. American readers are acquainted with 
 the average American girl. Something is known, 
 or can be presumed, with respect to her life-history 
 and experience. We have had her in our own homes 
 and churches. We have met her and her companions 
 familiarly in our social circles. 
 
 Her thoughts and feelings, her ambitions and 
 temptations, struggles, triumphs and defeats, are 
 not unknown to us. 
 
 This is not true of the average Schauffler girl. 
 She is a stranger to us, as is the land from which 
 she comes, and the race of which she is a member, 
 and the language that is native to her tongue. She 
 is in a measure an enigma to us, and however deeply 
 we may be interested in her and in her people, we 
 feel that we need a personal introduction and ac- 
 quaintance. We need to know more of the life and 
 environment from which she has come, what this 
 new land, new life and new religion, it may be, to 
 which she has come means to her, and why it is 
 that she is giving herself with devotion and enthu- 
 
 256
 
 Biographical Sketches 257 
 
 siasm to the preparation for, and the prosecution 
 of, the ministry of Christ to her own people. 
 
 It is for this reason that the chapter which fol- 
 lows is added. The young women who are here in- 
 troduced are neither exceptional nor remarkable 
 among the alumnse and students of Schauffler, but 
 they are representative, and their experiences are 
 typical of the experiences of all. 
 
 MISS MARIE REITINGER 
 
 So far as possible their story is told in their own 
 language, that the reader may get their own view- 
 point, and be the better able to enter into their life 
 and understand the nature of the work in which they 
 are engaged. 
 
 By MISS REITINGER 
 
 I was born in Nagy Kanzisa, Hungary, Austria. 
 My father was a revenue official of Emperor Francis 
 Joseph.
 
 258 The Schauffier Missionary Training School 
 
 After a number of years my father was trans- 
 ferred from Hungary into Bohemia, and finally set- 
 tled in the city of Budweis, a mighty stronghold for 
 Romanism. There our family for the first time 
 came in contact with a Protestant missionary, when 
 I was a girl of twelve years of age. Three of the 
 children of our family soon attended Sunday school 
 at the Rev. Mr. Freytag's house, who was a mis- 
 sionary sent to Budweis by Dr. H. A. Schauffier, a 
 missionary of the American Board for Austria. 
 
 In Mr. Freytag's Sunday school we received the 
 first impression of true Christianity. There we 
 learned our first Bible verses and Christian hymns, 
 for until then our whole family were adherents of 
 the Romish Church, knowing no other way of 
 salvation. 
 
 Soon my mother began to attend the Bible meet- 
 ings at the home of the missionary, which were held 
 in the evening, but before she could fully grasp the 
 teaching of the "New Way," the preacher was com- 
 pelled to leave the city. 
 
 Our Sunday school at Mr. Freytag's had grown 
 until we had one hundred and twenty in attendance. 
 The Romish bishop, hearing of this, instantly sent 
 a pastoral letter to all the churches and public 
 schools of the city, forbidding the children to attend. 
 One day the bishop visited the school which the chil-
 
 Biographical Sketches 259 
 
 dren of our family attended, and in the classroom 
 in which my brother was, he put over and over the 
 question, "How can you be saved, what is the way 
 to Heaven?" but no one answered. Finally the 
 bishop became very angry and alarmed on account 
 of the ignorance of his parishioners, and cried out 
 with a loud voice, saying : "Is there not one of you 
 who knows the way to Heaven?" Then my brother 
 arose and said in a trembling voice: "Christ says, 
 'I am the Way, the Truth and the Life.'" Then 
 my brother was greatly praised by the bishop for 
 his fitting answer, and he asked: "Where did you 
 learn of the Way?" "At Mr. Freytag's Sunday 
 school," was the answer. 
 
 The missionary's work was not in vain. The 
 seed was sown, and in more than one family God's 
 Word began to shine into the darkness and com- 
 menced to break down superstition. Just about that 
 time Dr. H. A. Schauffier came to Budweis for a 
 visit and also called at our house. I shall never 
 forget the first impression of that dear man of God, 
 as he stood at the center table in our sitting-room 
 with his open Bible, leading my mother to Christ. 
 
 At sixteen I went to Briinn, the capital of Mo- 
 ravia, to take a three years' course in kindergarten 
 work, which then was an entirely new institution 
 in the empire of Austria. I also attended the
 
 260 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 Frauenverein, a school for drawing and fancy work. 
 
 Before I started on my journey to Briinn, accord- 
 ing to the Romish way I went to the large cathedral 
 in Budweis to confession at an early morning hour, 
 and after a very unpleasant talk with my confessor, 
 the Romish priest, I made up my mind always to 
 remain true to the teachings of the Romish Church, 
 but to exclude the confessional out of my life forever. 
 
 In Briinn I lived in the Home for Girls, at Mr. 
 Freytag's house, who was now engaged in mission- 
 ary work with Dr. Schauffler among the German 
 population of the city. Mr. Freytag's house be- 
 came the center of much Christian influence, for a 
 number of Christian Normal Students boarded there, 
 who formerly were the pupils of Krabschitz Sem- 
 inary the Mt. Holyoke of Bohemia. Krabschitz 
 School is the only Protestant school for girls in ex- 
 istence for the sixteen and a half millions of Slavic 
 population in Austria. It is the fruit of the Ameri- 
 can Board. 
 
 Fearing the displeasure of my mother, persecu- 
 tion, and the loss of public position, for a time I 
 set my heart like a flint against the truth. In Aus- 
 tria a break with Rome and joining the "Free 
 Church" (our Congregational Church) was under- 
 stood to be without any confession, because that 
 church was not an acknowledged church of the state,
 
 Biographical Sketches 261 
 
 although protected by the Government. In those 
 early days of missionary activity anyone belonging 
 to the "Free Church" could not hold a public posi- 
 tion. Many students of higher learning who ac- 
 cepted the "New Faith" had to suffer persecution 
 and often were expelled from their schools. My 
 own brother, who was converted in Briinn and who 
 was completing his course at the Teachers' Normal 
 School, was looked upon as a gross heretic and much 
 avoided by his fellow students, just because he 
 would not and could not conscientiously say a prayer 
 to the Virgin, which is always connected with the 
 Lord's Prayer. When threatenings, persuasion and 
 even tears of the priest and professor did not avail, 
 and he stood immovable to his convictions of the 
 truth, his school life was ended for him in Austria. 
 A diploma, with the mark in Religion, "confession- 
 less," was of no account in the whole empire. He 
 afterwards pursued his studies in Switzerland. 
 
 In Mr. Freytag's house many an earnest 
 prayer was offered for my conversion. Finally I 
 consented to attend Mrs. Schauffler's Sunday school 
 class at her house just once, which consisted of six- 
 teen young ladies. The lesson was about Christ's 
 denunciation of the barren fig tree. The whole noble 
 bearing of Mrs. Schauffler and her simple presenta- 
 tion of the truth left a deep impression on my mind,
 
 262 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 so that I could not stay away from Sunday school 
 the following Sunday. 
 
 The "Free Church" in Austria had to endure vio- 
 lent opposition and fierce persecution, until the in- 
 fluential body of the Evangelical Alliance at its In- 
 ternational Conference in Switzerland appointed a 
 committee of five to wait upon the Emperor Francis 
 Joseph I. As a result, in February, 1880, the right 
 of "private meetings with invited guests" was 
 granted. In these meetings I had splendid oppor- 
 tunities to learn of the true way, but having 
 had constantly great fear in my heart about 
 my future occupation should the truth prove too 
 powerful for me, I persistently had not yielded to it, 
 and so my mind became filled with gross darkness, 
 doubt, fear and great wretchedness, until one even- 
 ing at the family prayer Mr. Freytag read from I. 
 John, 7th chapter, "But if we walk in the light as 
 He is in the light, we have fellowship one with 
 another, and the blood of Jesus Christ His Son 
 cleanseth us from sin." While I was earnestly pray- 
 ing for the forgiveness of my sins, I saw Jesus as 
 the Saviour of mankind, and in humble adoration 
 bowed at His feet. Instantly my soul was filled and 
 thrilled with deep wonderful peace, which was fol- 
 lowed by unspeakable joy. In a small upper room 
 I was translated from death unto life, from utter
 
 Biographical Sketches 263 
 
 darkness into His marvelous light, from fear and 
 doubt into the perfect freedom and joy of the chil- 
 dren of God. The fetters which still had held me 
 to Rome were broken forever. In three days I 
 bravely walked out of that church which mainly 
 teaches salvation by good works, and makes very 
 little of the preciousness and the power of the Blood, 
 and also forgets the great truth that there is no 
 other name under Heaven given among men whereby 
 we must be saved. 
 
 After my separation from Rome I very soon joined 
 the "Free Church" and came thereby into more close 
 contact with the small but noble band of believers 
 whose devotion to God was supreme and their love 
 to one another of the tenderest kind. Though very 
 often called to go through deep waters, they counted 
 it all joy to endure suffering for Christ's sake. We 
 were shunned and often insulted, and some were 
 denounced by their own parents in public and pri- 
 vate. Every member of the little church was closely 
 watched and sometimes dragged before the courts, 
 where one was usually asked by the Commissioner, 
 "Are you connected with Dr. Schauffler's work?" 
 An affirmative reply led to much questioning. The 
 Commissioners would have been only too glad to find 
 a reason for fining or arresting the missionaries and 
 us also. We were not permitted to give away a
 
 264 The Schau flier Missionary) Training School 
 
 Bible, and the sale of one had to be done by subscrip- 
 tion. The colporteurs had to take orders and for- 
 ward the Scriptures by post. 
 
 On the whole, the attitude of Roman Catholics in 
 Bohemia and Moravia is friendly to the Bible, but 
 that of the priests is bitterly hostile. If they get 
 a chance to burn it, they will do so. Often they 
 will denounce the Bible very strongly from the 
 pulpit. 
 
 The preaching services of Dr. Schauffler in Briinn 
 often were attended by a man, a great lover of the 
 Word, who lived in a nearby village. The village 
 priest knew him well, and he several times de- 
 nounced him and the Bible publicly in his church, 
 calling the Bible the book of the "devil." People 
 who hitherto never had seen or heard of the Scrip- 
 tures, came to look at the strange book. The owner 
 of the Bible rejoiced and made the best of his oppor- 
 tunities, and before long, almost in every home in 
 the village, God's Word was known. 
 
 The priests also showed great hostility to any con- 
 vert of our work. One of the lady students of the 
 Teachers' Normal School in Briinn gave her heart 
 to God on her death bed and joined our little Mission 
 Church. The priest, hearing of this change, quickly 
 came to see her and said to her : "I came to snatch 
 you out of the place of perdition where you are going
 
 Biographical Sketches 265 
 
 through your false belief." Her answer was: "I 
 am not going to perdition, but I shall go to live with 
 Jesus, who by His precious Blood washed my sins 
 away. I long to go into His Holy Presence." The 
 priest left greatly disappointed, for the sick lady 
 would not yield to his pleadings and threats. He 
 had never felt any anxiety about her soul before, 
 but when others had done the work in leading her 
 into the light and she had slipped out of the fold of 
 the priest, then he was worried. Dr. Schauffler con- 
 ducted the funeral, at which thousands of people 
 crowded the streets, to see the burial of a "con- 
 fessionless" girl. 
 
 Truly, there were no flowers and no candles upon 
 the casket and no band accompanied the mourners 
 to the graveyard. Dr. Schauffler could not even get 
 permission to say a few words at the open grave, 
 neither was he permitted to say a prayer. The city 
 officials, knowing the earnestness of Dr. Schauffler, 
 feared that a prayer might stretch into a sermon 
 even. So there stood the little band of faithful be- 
 lievers silently at the grave, while the hostile crowds 
 threw stones at them. But the Lord gave His angels 
 charge over us and so no evil befell us. 
 
 A "confessionless" girl I was understood to be, and 
 I was not permitted to teach a public kindergarten 
 in Austria, though kindergarten teachers were in
 
 266 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 great demand at that time. Any Jewess had a bet- 
 ter chance than I. 
 
 Dr. Schauffler, after having accepted a call for 
 temporary mission work among the Bohemians in 
 Cleveland in the year 1882, and after having built 
 Bethlehem Church, the first Bohemian church, gave 
 me, in the year 1886 a call to start a kindergarten 
 in connection with it, which would have proved to 
 be the first public kindergarten among the Bo- 
 hemians and also the first in this country, for kinder- 
 garten work was still unknown here. Through the 
 pressing need of work to be done among older people, 
 I was asked to change my plan and entered the 
 Schauffler Missionary Training School, which was in 
 its earliest stages and where I took a course of three 
 years' study. 
 
 True, a missionary to be successful needs first 
 and always the power of the Holy Ghost, but in 
 The Schauffler Missionary Training School I have 
 received the necessary instruction and training, 
 without which the work would be comparatively 
 weak and inefficient. 
 
 For a number of years I have been at work in 
 the different mission stations of our great city and 
 also have had a share in teaching at The Schauf- 
 fler Missionary Training School. I am trying to 
 bring others into the Kingdom of God and our
 
 Biographical Sketches 267 
 
 Saviour, for He is the only one who can satisfy a 
 hungry soul which needs strength for the tempta- 
 tions of life. 
 
 "Not many lives have we, but one, only one! 
 How precious should that one life be, 
 
 That narrow span! 
 Day after day filled with faithful toil; 
 Year after year still bringing in new spoil." 
 
 Perhaps you will be interested to know that one 
 of the young men who attended Dr. Schauffler's 
 meetings at Briinn was Rev. Edmund Wrbitzky, who 
 is now the pastor of a flourishing church at Silver 
 Lake, Minnesota. 
 
 Another is Rev. Philip Reitinger, pastor of the 
 Bohemian Congregational Church, Mizpah, Cleve- 
 land, Ohio, where most of my time is spent at 
 present.
 
 268 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 What Becoming a Christian Meant for Me 
 
 By MISS MARY BREHOVSKY 
 
 Missionary of the Woman's Home Missionary Society, 
 Methodist Episcopal Church 
 
 A Christian? But should anyone have asked me 
 long before whether I was a Christian, I would have 
 said: "Of course I am a Christian, and have been 
 
 MISS MARY BREHOVSKY 
 
 all along." And I was, if being a Roman Catholic, 
 attending nothing but the Catholic schools, going 
 to church every Sunday, keeping the holidays of 
 saints, fasting on Fridays and all fast days, and go- 
 ing to confession, meant being a Christian. 
 
 Should anyone have asked me, "Do you believe in 
 Jesus Christ ?" I would have thought that that per- 
 son must know very little to ask me such a ques- 
 tion. But did I? Look about you at our Slovak 
 people. Does their life make you feel that they
 
 Biographical Sketches 269 
 
 know Jesus? They believe. Yes, but they know 
 nothing of the new birth ; they do not have the as- 
 surance of sins forgiven; they have not the Holy 
 Spirit witnessing in their hearts that they are saved. 
 This is all an unknown language to them, and it was 
 to me. 
 
 My parents, of foreign birth, residing some years 
 in McKeesport, afterwards in Monessen, taught us 
 just as soon as we were able to talk to say our 
 prayers; and how proud they were when we had 
 visitors, especially a nun, to have me stand up and 
 recite the Our Father, Hail Mary, the Apostles' 
 Creed and the Ten Commandments ! There are eight 
 children, of whom I am the oldest ; and every morn- 
 ing and night we had to kneel down before the holy 
 pictures to say these prayers. We dared not put a 
 bite in our mouths before prayers in the morning; 
 neither could we go to bed until we had said them, 
 no matter how tired or sleepy; and we could say 
 them, too, in the morning with our eyes and mind 
 on our breakfast, and at night half asleep. I can not 
 help believing that God heard our prayers, even 
 though they were only the motions of the mouth. 
 It was the best we knew, and He looks on the heart 
 praise His name! 
 
 My father was a very stern man, even cruel at 
 times, especially when under the influence of liquor.
 
 270 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 We were punished severely for every little thing 
 often for nothing at all, only that he must vent his 
 anger on some one, and that one usually myself or 
 my dear mother. Many a time I was. on the point 
 of leaving home; but the thought of mother kept 
 me back ; for if I should go, then father would abuse 
 her so much more. I stayed, but slowly there was 
 growing in my heart a hatred toward my father. 
 To outsiders he was very kind and friendly indeed, 
 and was respected generally. He belonged to the 
 First Slovak Catholic Union, to which every re- 
 spectable Catholic member belongs, and which is all 
 over America. The women have this same kind of 
 organization, to which I also belonged, and acted as 
 secretary. Our meetings were always held on the 
 first Sunday of the month, and are governed by a 
 form of rules, among which are : each member must 
 belong to either the Greek or Roman Church, and 
 must go to confession at least twice a year, or for- 
 feit her membership. 
 
 At these meetings we often planned for a dance, 
 to be given either for the benefit of the church, or 
 to increase our treasury. Because I could speak, 
 read and write English, and was not married (thus 
 having more time) the responsibility of preparing 
 for the dance fell on me. First, I must engage the 
 gypsies to play for us, then rent a hall. After this
 
 Biographical Sketches 271 
 
 I must obtain fruit and cigars, pop and beer; and 
 last I must go to the baker and butcher for bread 
 and ham. Still, my duty is not done I must be 
 at the hall to receive these things as they come. 
 
 A dance held during the week lasts all night; if 
 on Saturday, then from two o'clock in the afternoon 
 until midnight. Can you imagine one of these 
 dances ? Think of a room full of men, women, young 
 and old, even children. There are not ten sober 
 men in the room, for if they are not half drunk when 
 they arrive, they soon become so. Some are singing, 
 some using language shameful even to think of, oth- 
 ers are dancing. This is what they call a "good 
 time," and to them it is great even if there be a 
 fight or two and some are locked up. It is going to 
 help the church, perhaps buy a statue of a saint it 
 is no matter what results to the people and their 
 souls ; nobody even thinks of that. There is a dance 
 of some kind every Saturday. If not, then instead, 
 a wedding or a christening on Sunday; and if on 
 Sunday, then so much the better, because they do 
 not need to miss work. Anyhow, what other time 
 do they have to enjoy themselves except Sunday? 
 There are many, I am sure, who, like myself, would 
 rather dance than eat or sleep, no matter how miser- 
 able they feel or how hard they must work the next 
 day. There were few dances that I missed, even
 
 272 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 though they were breaking my health, until my 
 mother became so sick that she needed me to stay 
 with her while she was suffering so much. I tried 
 to cheer her up, for she was not happy, and when 
 the Heavenly Father took her home, I was glad to 
 think she was at rest and happy where there would 
 be no more pain or tears. 
 
 The baby was then a year and seven months old ; 
 I was sixteen, and must be the mother, the house- 
 keeper, and besides work in the tin-mill. My life 
 was all so dark! I was tired of everything, of my 
 own life; often I felt like an old woman, for from 
 the time I was seven, I could remember nothing but 
 trouble and hard work. 
 
 About eight months after mother's death, father 
 married again. Then there was a change in the 
 home, we hoped for the better, but it did not prove 
 so. Two of us, a younger sister and myself, left 
 home. Again I thought I would go far away, but 
 as before, I stayed on mother's account, so now I 
 could not think of leaving the children. 
 
 When I reached the age of eighteen, people began 
 to ask me : "Why do you not get married ?" Father 
 too, worried me with this question. Of course, like 
 all my girl friends, I kept company with young men ; 
 but in some way I would not, like the others, stick 
 to one. I would have two or three different ones in
 
 Biographical Sketches 273 
 
 a week, which did not give me a good name. And 
 in this I could not help myself, for after meeting 
 one person two or three times I would hate both 
 him and myself for ever speaking to him. Some- 
 times I would go with a man just to spite some one, 
 all the time hating myself for doing it. Among our 
 people, girls at twenty are "old maids," and I was 
 nearing that mark very fast. 
 
 At last I left home, and did housework. This 
 proved to be the greatest blessing to me, it was the 
 beginning of the happy times I have been enjoying 
 these last three years. The people for whom I 
 worked, by their kindness and interest in me, in a 
 way prepared my heart for what was to come later. 
 This was especially true of the "mother," who is an 
 invalid, and lives very near the Saviour. As I waited 
 upon her the Holy Spirit put it into her heart to 
 talk to me about God. His Word and His beloved 
 Son, our Saviour. Oh, if only more women would 
 take a little interest in their servants, not having 
 the idea that they are interested in nothing but 
 the kitchen, but remembering that they have 
 precious souls to be saved ! 
 
 As I said before, I knew of Christ, and God, and 
 Heaven, and thought, as all Catholics do, that the 
 Catholic Church is the only church; and though I 
 knew our people were bigoted and prejudiced
 
 274 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 against all Protestant churches, still I thought ours 
 was the best, and the others must be wrong. So 
 when this lady talked to me of God, I was quite sur- 
 prised that she tried to make me think of Him as my 
 Father, who loves me, and loved me all the time, 
 even so much that He sent His Son to die for me. 
 Though this was something I knew, still, put in this 
 way, it was new to me. I did not think of God in 
 that way, but rather as some One far away; a God 
 who is holy and just, who would punish the wicked 
 and reward the just; but I did not feel His near- 
 ness to me. So I often said: "I like your wayof 
 thinking about God better than ours." She then 
 asked me whether I had a Bible ; and as I said, "No," 
 she replied : "I have one which I would like to give 
 you, and I wish you would read at least one verse 
 each day." Thanking her, I took the Bible, but did 
 not read it each day. 
 
 All this time I was very unhappy. Sometimes 
 when I became so discouraged that I cared not what 
 I did, I would promise to marry someone. This 
 would change my thoughts for a while until I re- 
 alized what I had done, then again I would be mis- 
 erable and unhappy in trying to find some way to 
 free myself. The thought of being tied to some 
 man whom I was sure I would hate, for all my life, 
 was unbearable. This happened three times. Each
 
 Biographical Sketches 275 
 
 time the banns were published in church, as our cus- 
 tom is, and each time I managed to free myself 
 before time for the third and last ban to be 
 published. 
 
 It was in such a time as this that I happened to 
 see my Bible, and began to read. Somehow it 
 touched me, seemed to speak to me and help me. I 
 read oftener, and became more interested. Hardly 
 a day passed now that my mistress and I did not 
 talk about the Book or God in some way. 
 
 Fall came, school began and my sisters had no 
 one to get them ready to go. Mother's words 
 came back: "You will stay with father, and take 
 care of the children when I am gone, won't you?" 
 I went home, took care of them, and kept house for 
 father. One day while busy about the house, pre- 
 paring the evening meal, the children came in with 
 bright and happy faces, each one with a picture in 
 hand, and all trying to talk at once, saying: "Oh, 
 Mary, a priest gave us these pictures, and he played 
 for us on the violin, and told us a story about Jesus." 
 I asked them: "What priest? our priest up 
 there?" motioning to, the parsonage, which was 
 across the street. "No, another priest," they said. 
 "He was so nice to us, and told us to come again." 
 I looked at the cards, and saw that they had some- 
 thing printed on them like the words in my Bible.
 
 276 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 I could not understand what priest they meant ; but 
 one day a man with a suitcase was passing our 
 house, and father asked him to come in and warm 
 himself. He came in, and talked with my father 
 about Christ and His suffering. I found out then 
 that he was the priest about whom the children had 
 been telling me. I was quite surprised at the earn- 
 estness of the missionary's voice he was a Metho- 
 dist, and engaged with the Rev. W. S. Davis in the 
 Coke Mission and though my father was not alto- 
 gether sober, he, too, was impressed. Two or three 
 weeks passed before the missionary came again, and 
 this time he talked with me. After this he came 
 quite often, sometimes bringing me books to read, 
 and never leaving without speaking to me about my 
 soul, and reading from the Bible. 
 
 I now became quite interested in God's Word, and 
 read all my spare time. I began to ask questions, 
 for I saw how many things I was doing against the 
 commandments of God. Still, I kept going to the- 
 aters and dances, but somehow became more and 
 more dissatisfied. Each time the missionary came 
 I was glad, but after he had gone, I again wished 
 I had never seen him. He pointed out the errors 
 of our church, and read in the Bible what God says 
 about it, and I realized his words were true. He 
 talked to me of what sin and harm dances and
 
 Biographical Sketches 277 
 
 theaters are doing, and prayed with me; but each 
 time after he was gone I felt more dissatisfied, 
 though I knew he was right. 
 
 Very earnestly did I read the Bible now, and be- 
 sides this hunted up all our prayerbooks, comparing 
 them with it. Often I stayed home from a dance 
 that I might read either the Bible or some other 
 book which the missionary had left me. I would 
 not give up dancing; I liked it very much, and 
 could not see that it harmed me any. It might 
 do harm to some, I thought, but not to me ; I know 
 how to take care of myself. This was my boast, 
 and I dared any one to say something disgraceful 
 about me. Foolish girl that I was not thinking 
 that it was a disgrace in the sight of God even to 
 go to one of these places, and that if it had not 
 been God's own loving hand that kept me, I might 
 have fallen as a good many others did. 
 
 My father at first did not object to the mission- 
 ary's visits, but soon people began to talk. Evi- 
 dently he had been talking to others quite as earn- 
 estly as to us, for they saw that he was against 
 many of their habits and pleasures in which they 
 delighted, but which were sinful in the sight of God. 
 The devil saw his chance, and began to work. The 
 people began to say: "This is a Salvash and he 
 has come to teach us a new religion, and to draw
 
 278 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 the people away from their church; his teachings 
 are of the devil." The priest warned the people in 
 church that they must not let him in, or accept any 
 of his literature. This, of course, put my father on 
 the watch. 
 
 But this did not affect me the truth had already 
 taken hold. I began to see myself as I really was, 
 realized I was sinful and wicked, and longed to be 
 better. I wanted the Lord Jesus, needed His help, 
 and I began to pray for a clean heart. But the 
 devil began his work too, and the fight was on in 
 my heart, the bad with the good. 
 
 Still the missionary came to the house, prayed 
 with me, told me to be happy; but there was no 
 happiness for me. I had a burden on my heart, and 
 did not know how to get rid of it. I saw what I 
 must do if I would become a child of God ; I knew I 
 must give up my worldly pleasures. I wanted to 
 live right, to love and serve God in the right way. 
 I prayed Jesus to forgive my sins, but still seemed 
 in awful darkness. I became worried; these things 
 were always on my mind, so that I would not sleep 
 or eat. 
 
 For two or three Sundays I attended the Metho- 
 dist Church with a friend, to see what kind of a 
 church it is. I listened to every word of the sermon, 
 and was much moved by the prayer that was offered.
 
 Biographical Sketches 279 
 
 There were no altars, no candles, no saints, no pic- 
 tures. The minister looked just like other men, the 
 services were simple, and all in the language that 
 everybody could understand. It all was so different 
 from my church, and yet I did not feel strange. 
 Somehow during the prayer I felt God to be very 
 near, nearer than ever before. 
 
 One day the thought came to me: "Why can't I 
 remain a Catholic and be a Christian? Surely I 
 can have my Bible and try to live as Jesus would 
 have me, in the Catholic Church just as well as in 
 the Protestant." At first I thought I could, but was 
 not satisfied ; something was wrong. How I prayed 
 about this! At night I got up from my bed, and 
 asked God to show me by some sign in heaven 
 whether I ought to stay a Catholic or not. I really 
 expected to see some sign as I looked up in the sky 
 while praying. Then I saw in the Bible where Christ 
 rebuked the Pharisees for asking for a sign. And 
 yet I felt: "Surely, if God loves me and wants me, 
 He would tell me what to do." 
 , At last the missionary was forbidden to come to 
 our home. My father said he would kill all the mis- 
 sionaries that would come to our town ; and though 
 this was only talk, yet the people were all angry, I 
 was frightened, and there was no one to whom I 
 could go for help. Then the question came to me:
 
 280 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 "Why do I not want to come out from the Catholic 
 Church?" I can not go to confession to a priest, 
 because now I know there is only One, my Father 
 in heaven, to whom I can confess, and who can for- 
 give my sins. I cannot go to the church, and bow 
 and pray to the saints, and go through all the forms 
 of our worship, because the Bible says : "I am the 
 Lord thy God. Thou shalt not make unto thee any 
 graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in 
 heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath or 
 that is in the water under the earth: thou shalt 
 not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them." I 
 can not go in and do these things not believing in 
 them. I must come out from among them, and 
 show on what side I am. I can not serve two mas- 
 ters. Besides if I could have made up my mind to 
 do so it would not have been possible for the church 
 would have put me out. So my mind was settled 
 on this point. 
 
 But as soon as I put one obstacle out of the way, 
 another sprang up. I could see that if I should 
 leave the Catholic Church, my friends, my people, 
 and even my father and sisters would give me up. 
 Then I must go to our society meeting, and resign, 
 telling the women why. This seemed hard. I 
 thought I could give up my dancing and other pleas- 
 ures, but how could I stand to be driven from home ?
 
 Biographical Sketches 281 
 
 How could I go to my father, and tell him all this, 
 when I knew he would misunderstand me, and think 
 that I had disgraced him, and committed one of the 
 worst sins ? I feared it would break his heart. That 
 day when I read my Bible I came to Matthew x, 37 : 
 "He that loveth father or mother more than me is 
 not worthy of me." And, oh, I wanted so much to 
 belong to Jesus. 
 
 Well, at last I was willing to leave all and follow 
 Him, but still I did not have peace. Soon after I 
 found the verse telling me I must leave home if I 
 would follow Jesus, I found this precious and beau- 
 tiful promise in Matthew x, 29 : "Verily I say unto 
 you, there is no man that hath left house, or breth- 
 ren, or sister, or father, or mother, or wife, or chil- 
 dren, or lands, for My sake and the Gospel's, but 
 he shall receive an hundredfold now in this time, 
 houses, and brethren, and sisters, and mothers, and 
 children, and lands, with persecutions; and in the 
 world to come eternal life." Did not God answer 
 my prayer? Did not the Holy Spirit guide me in 
 my reading? I had prayed about it, and He cer- 
 tainly was ready to help, though not in the way in 
 which I, in my ignorance asked. 
 
 I have already said that I early felt that I was 
 beginning to hate my father. But now since I 
 wanted to belong to God, who is love, I began to
 
 282 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 love him, and all those who were against me. The 
 more they misunderstood and talked about me, the 
 more I pitied and loved them. God is able to change 
 our hearts. And so the more I thought of going to 
 father, the more I loved him, and the more painful 
 it grew. I even imagined that perhaps it would kill 
 him outright. He had forbidden the missionary to 
 come to our house, but he saw that I had something 
 on my mind, and that I was thinking and seeing 
 things in a different light. He was angry ; he scolded 
 arid said he did not need any one to come to his 
 house and turn his mind ; he knew his business, and 
 he thought he knew, too, what the missionary was 
 after. It maddened him so much more because I 
 would not say one word back; he wanted me to 
 quarrel. At times he would not say a word to me, 
 nor even look at me, but sit for hours with his head 
 in his hands thinking. This almost broke my heart 
 I could stand it better if he would beat me. 
 
 One day, soon after this, while washing for a 
 lady who was very friendly to me, she found me 
 crying. She came in unexpectedly, and I could not 
 hide my face. She asked if I were ill. I answered : 
 "No, I am not; only there are some things which 
 trouble me very much." She then kindly questioned 
 me, until I told her all that was in my heart, crying 
 all the time. She listened, tears rolling down her
 
 Biographical Sketches 283 
 
 face also, and at last she said : "Mary, I have been 
 brought up in a Christian home. I have had the 
 Bible all my life. I go to church, and am a church- 
 member, but I don't know what to say to you. I 
 don't know the Bible well enough." And so we 
 both cried I because I needed help, and did not 
 know just where to get it; and she, perhaps, because 
 she realized what blessings she had had all her life, 
 and yet how she had failed to use them. 
 
 But my help was near. She said to me : "Mary, 
 the Lord has led you so far; this is plainly His 
 work. You know what you ought to do that has 
 been made clear to you. Can't you trust God to 
 help you through what is to come? He surely will 
 lead you, take care of you, and your father. Trust 
 Him ; it will come out all right in the end." Oh, that 
 blessed word "trust"! How full of power it was! 
 When I heard it I felt as though I wanted to shout ; 
 my heart felt light, my burden had fallen off. Trust ! 
 Oh, that was what I needed, and I was ready to trust 
 God with all. Though I had been ready to do and 
 give up all for Jesus, yet I feared, because I thought 
 I must do it all myself, forgetting that I could lay 
 all at His feet, and trust Him to bring everything 
 about in the right way and at the right time. 
 
 I went home a different girl; everything was dif- 
 ferent and new; I wanted to tell everybody of the
 
 284 The Schaujfier Missionary Training School 
 
 joy and peace that was in my heart. My sins were 
 washed away. Jesus came into my heart, and, oh, I 
 was so happy ! I felt sad when I thought of father, 
 but I was ready to go to him now. 
 
 This was on Thursday. Saturday my father came 
 home from the mill early, and was seemingly kinder 
 to me. He talked to me, something which he had 
 not done for two or three weeks. I made up my 
 mind, "Today I will tell him I have found Jesus." 
 Then again fear took hold of my heart. What will 
 he do? He might get so angry that without know- 
 ing what he was doing, he would strike, and perhaps 
 kill me; or what hurt me worse, his heart might 
 break. What if he should die ! But now something 
 in my heart said : "Be strong ; trust God, He is able 
 to take care of father ; leave all to Him." And so I 
 went to father, and told him. He seemed not to 
 know just then what to say to me, and only said: 
 "Is he," meaning the missionary, "going to marry 
 you?" I answered: "No, and I do not know why 
 you should think so." Then, finding his voice, "Well, 
 after all I have done and said forbidding that man 
 to come here, you come and tell me these things! 
 It is a wonder God does not strike you dead where 
 you stand." I said: "No, father, for I am doing 
 God's will." He turned away and that was all. But 
 I felt better and stronger now, and ready to do 
 whatever else I must do.
 
 Biographical Sketches 285 
 
 Sunday I went to our society meeting for the last 
 time. After doing my duty, I asked them to elect 
 another secretary, as I wished to resign. I knew the 
 rules. They asked me why. I told them ; and they 
 too misunderstood me, and thought I was after the 
 man. Some were crying ; some prayed that I might 
 get back my senses. Some could not see why he 
 could not turn Catholic, instead of my turning "Sal- 
 vash." And tell them and explain as much as I 
 could, it was no use. 
 
 That evening father called me, and said he would 
 give me fifteen days to leave home; that I must 
 never say that I am his child, nor even call myself 
 by his name; and now he would not only not speak 
 to me, but would not sit anywhere by me, nor eat 
 anything which I had prepared. I asked him to let 
 me stay, saying that I was willing to do anything 
 for him, only he must not prevent me from living a 
 Christian way. But no, he would not have a 
 "Salvash" under his roof. So I had to go. He even 
 forbade my sisters to speak to me. Often I met 
 him on the street, and went to speak to him ; but as 
 soon as he saw who it was, he turned away, cold. 
 
 But I was happy happy because I had a Father 
 in heaven, and because I knew I did right in obeying 
 Him. Jesus was now my friend, and God gave me 
 other friends, who were very kind to me. Two
 
 286 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 months later I went to Uniontown and entered the 
 Mission Home, and there I took up the study of the 
 Bible under Miss Elizabeth S. Davis, preparing to 
 be a missionary. I felt I must go to tell others of 
 Jesus and His saving power. I wanted with His 
 help to bring others to the healing fountain. 
 
 The year at the Mission Home was one of the 
 most blessed and helpful to me. For two years 
 succeeding I attended the Schauffler Missionary 
 Training School in Cleveland, Ohio, and now am out 
 in the Master's vineyard. 
 
 As I look back at my life, and think what I was, 
 and then look at it now since the time I ac- 
 cepted Jesus, I can but praise and thank God every 
 moment for His goodness and love to me. I have 
 prayed for my dear father and my sisters, and the 
 Lord had answered my prayers wonderfully. Within 
 four months of the time that father told me to leave 
 home, he allowed me to return again to spend 
 Christmas with them. I visit freely now and am 
 still praying for them; and as the Lord has done 
 great things in the past, I expect still greater things 
 in the future.
 
 Biographical Sketches 287 
 
 By MISS MARY ROVNAK, 
 
 Of the Class of 1914. A letter written by her before her 
 entrance in the Schauffler School 
 
 (Published by permission) 
 
 Dear Cousin : 
 
 I received your letter that you sent to me at Mt. 
 
 Carmel, at McKeesport. I hope that you are not 
 
 MISS MARY ROVNAK 
 
 cross that I didn't answer sooner, as I was so busy 
 and had so much trouble that I didn't think of writ- 
 ing to anyone. I received a telegram from home on 
 the 13th of September that father was dying and 
 that if I thought anything of him I should come 
 home on the next train. So I dressed, but didn't stop 
 to pack my valise or anything. I just wore my black 
 dress because I thought that when I got home that 
 father would be dead. I never thought that it would 
 be a humbug to get me home. So I took the 8:56
 
 288 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 train in the evening at Braddock, taking Mary 
 Csuchta with me as I had intended coming back 
 whether father was dead or not. 
 
 I arrived home Wednesday, September 14, at 
 twelve o'clock, noon, and mother was on the porch 
 waiting for me, because she was expecting me, and 
 if I didn't get home on Wednesday she was to go to 
 Duquesne on Thursday. If I had thought it was only 
 a humbug I would not have gone to Mt. Carmel, 
 and then mother would have seen how it is here and 
 what kind of people the "Salvationists" are. 
 
 So mother was on the porch when I arrived, and 
 Mike was painting the house. So I said, "Is father 
 dead?" and mother said, "Yes, he was buried al- 
 ready." So I went into the house and as soon as I 
 got in they began asking me what I had done. I 
 said, "Nothing, why?" And she said, "Is it true 
 that you go to the Salvish Church ?" I said, "Yes." 
 So then Mike started at me. He beat me so that I 
 couldn't stop my nose from bleeding. The towel was 
 just full of blood. But I took everything nice and 
 cool and tried to tell them how things were, but 
 they wouldn't let me. So I had a New Testament 
 that Mr. Gavlik gave me, as I didn't have a Bible 
 yet, and they started saying things about me that 
 aren't fit to be written in this letter. So I said, 
 "Let's go to the priest with it." So Mike went with
 
 Biographical Sketches 289 
 
 me, and you ought to see the people around our 
 house; you would think there was a circus. You 
 would have thought there was a fire in the house 
 the way they screamed. And I told the priest all 
 about it. Well, he certainly was surprised and didn't 
 know what to think of it. He said the Bible was all 
 right, but that the Pope hasn't signed his name to 
 it. He said that Catholics are not to read Bibles but 
 are to attend Mass and do as the priest tells them 
 to. He had showed a Latin and Greiner Bible, but 
 what could I understand of that ? And he said that 
 Catholics will have Bibles in a few years, but not now. 
 He wanted to know why I had given up the Catholic 
 faith, so I went and told him just what I could, and 
 he said I was such a good choir girl and a good 
 church member and used to go to confession regular, 
 and now to think of it. So we were talking for a 
 long time and then he got so mad that really I was 
 afraid he would strike me. Finally I asked for the 
 New Testament, and he said, "No, you read it once, 
 but you never will again," and tore it up. 
 
 So I went home and mother started ; the way she 
 went on it is a wonder that she did not get sick. 
 She cried and scolded me until she couldn't do it any 
 more. She wished me all the bad luck she could 
 think of ; it really made the chills go down my back 
 to think of a mother wishing all this to her own
 
 290 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 child. But I heard it all; I did not say much when 
 they were real cross. 
 
 Then Mike said he would kill me, and I was afraid 
 to sleep at home for fear that he would. He said he 
 didn't care if he had to hang for it but he wouldn't 
 see his sister a "Salvash." So in the afternoon I 
 took a walk and went to see Mr. Sabol. He was very 
 glad to see me, but when I told him all about it he 
 said I shouldn't be afraid, that God would save me, 
 that they won't hurt me or do anything they 
 shouldn't do. He said I should come to his house 
 to stay. So Thursday people were coming in from 
 all directions to see if it were true that Mary Rovnak 
 is a "Salvash." They said I might as well have 
 committed adultery as to join these people, and the 
 Jew I had worked for said I might as well have 
 joined their religion as that. And in the evening 
 the priest was over and tried to talk things into me 
 with the next-door neighbor, but I said I didn't care 
 if all the Catholic priests and popes came I wouldn't 
 give up what I had started. I had done long enough 
 what the priest told me, as I didn't know any better 
 and thought I was doing right, but now I want to 
 do as God says. 
 
 So finally he got ready to go and told me that I 
 should go to bed and rest as I was tired after the 
 trip, and that the next day I would be the same girl
 
 Biographical Sketches 291 
 
 as I was, but I told him "No, I will never be the 
 same girl if I can help it." My father and mother 
 did not know what to think of it, the way I spoke 
 to the priest. They can't get over it that in two 
 months I had forgotten everything that I used to do 
 and changed altogether. They think the people here 
 have me hypnotized, and they said I was crazy, 
 that I am changed altogether since I go with the 
 "Salvationists." So Friday, Mr. Sabol brought a let- 
 ter for me from Uncle Andrew and I got the money 
 to come back. So mother asked me if I was willing to 
 give this up, and I said, "No, mother, I would not 
 give this up." So she said she won't recognize me 
 as her child and I should adopt another name instead 
 of Rovnak. So then Mike came and pushed me out 
 of the kitchen on the back porch and then down the 
 steps and I was lucky that I did not hurt myself, 
 for I flew as far as the fence. 
 
 So I went to the Sabols, and mother came out call- 
 ing me back, and said if I didn't come she would 
 send a policeman after me. And I asked her what 
 she was calling me back for when she put me out. 
 So she sent Joe to follow me. I said, "Go back, what 
 are you following me for?" And he said, "Go on, 
 you old midnight, you old 'Salvash.' " So he fol- 
 lowed me up and saw where I went. I had my dinner 
 there, and Mr. Sabol went to the chief of police, as
 
 292 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 I needed protection. So the chief came and I told 
 him all about it, and he said I shouldn't be afraid. 
 So he went home with me to get my clothes, and 
 father had gone to have me arrested. Mrs. Chomack 
 was at our place, and she and mother began to cry 
 and say everything to me that they could think of, 
 and mother started to pull my hair, but the police- 
 man stopped her. So I got dressed and he told me 
 to go back to Mr. Sabol's, which I did, and mother, 
 Mike and Joe went to the Squire's office. So I hadn't 
 been there long when the constable came with a 
 warrant to arrest me. I went and told the judge 
 all about it. The court room was full of Slovak 
 people that knew father, and English people that 
 knew me. So the judge told my mother to take me 
 home and to treat me right and that I would be a 
 good girl, but he no more than got through saying 
 it than a man said something to me and I answered 
 back, and mother broke the law right there by pull- 
 ing me by the hair and she tried to beat me. So 
 the judge said as far as his law is concerned I can 
 go wherever I like. So mother lost; I wonder how 
 much it cost her. I hope he did not charge much 
 as they need money badly. She said she would send 
 a policeman after me, but I am willing to go any 
 place for Christ; I am not afraid. I know He will 
 help me if I try to serve Him. So I went back to
 
 Biographical Sketches 293 
 
 Mr. Sabol's, and the constable came with another 
 man and they told me they were awfully glad to 
 hear me talk the way I did about religion. Then the 
 constable went home and got my coat for me, and 
 Mary's dresses, and took me down to the station, 
 and bought my ticket for me, and gave me his ad- 
 dress and wants me to write and tell him how I get 
 there. 
 
 Thank God I arrived safe back, and I won't be in 
 much of a hurry to go home again. I was so glad 
 when I got to Duquesne, for I felt free again. The 
 people all thought it was awful, but I thank God 
 that I got through the way I did and I know that 
 He helped me. So this is all my experience that I 
 went through. 
 
 Mary, is there a girl at your school by the name 
 of Mary Brehovsky? She was a Catholic and now 
 she is a Christian. I am reading one of her books ; it 
 is called "What Becoming a Christian Meant to Me." 
 It is as if I was reading about myself. Tell her if 
 she is there that I had the same experience. 
 
 Sunday, two weeks ago, we were at Braddock 
 when they dedicated their new church. It is a nice 
 church, much larger than ours at Duquesne. I en- 
 joyed the services in the afternoon and evening and 
 we had supper there, and I met and got acquainted 
 with a crowd of nice people. On Sunday, October 2,
 
 294 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 we are going to Allegheny to some kind of a meet- 
 ing there, and all the Duquesne and Braddock people 
 are invited, and they will have supper there. On 
 Saturday, October 1, we are going to the mission- 
 ary's room to a meeting of some kind. I am going 
 to join. 
 
 How do you like school? I wish you were at Du- 
 quesne again. I guess I will close my letter, as I 
 am tired and sleepy; it took me almost an hour and 
 a half to write this. 
 
 Hoping to hear from you soon, I remain, 
 
 Your dear cousin.
 
 CHAPTER XIX 
 
 Visions From the Towers 
 
 [Introductory Note. For an adequate presenta- 
 tion of the place and work of a school as unique as 
 is the Schauffler there is needed the vision of many, 
 
 MISS MIRIAM L. WOODBERRY 
 
 who, sympathetic with its aims, are able to look upon 
 it from without, and thus gain a perspective and 
 horizon not possible perhaps for those in more inti- 
 mate touch with the School itself.] 
 
 In the chapters which follow, on to the concluding 
 
 295
 
 296 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 chapters, honored representatives of this class speak 
 for themselves. They speak of what they know and 
 bear testimony to what they have seen. 
 
 Few are more familiar than they with the bread 
 field of Home Missionary endeavor in the country 
 and the city among both our native born and our 
 immigrant populations. Few realize more keenly the 
 need of evangelizing agencies, and the divinely 
 assured means of approach. 
 
 We welcome their contribution to this History, 
 and commend their words to its readers. 
 
 SCHAUFFLER STUDENTS AFTER GRADUATION 
 
 By MIRIAM L. WOODBERRY 
 Secretary of the Woman's Department of the Congrega- 
 tional Home Missionary Society 
 
 Few American situations so impress a traveler 
 these days as the densely populated sections of our 
 industrial cities and the wide stretches of country 
 where the American-born English-speaking worker 
 is absolutely helpless without an interpreter. Our 
 unaided leadership is already secondary. "You 
 know what you say to an interpreter, but only God 
 knows what the interpreter says to the people," and 
 much of America's sorrow, suffering, crime, ad- 
 vancement and happiness rests today on the judg- 
 ment of the foreign-born but American-trained 
 person.
 
 Visions from the Towers 297 
 
 Foreign children have the splendid public-school 
 teacher and are surrounded by a hundred classmates 
 traveling the same road and mastering the same 
 problems. Foreign men work in groups under 
 American leaders, but the mothers, giving up lan- 
 guage, customs, costumes and neighbors, are not 
 only living through an upheaval of all their ideas 
 and ideals but are daily seeing their children grow 
 away from all that they hold sacred and true. This 
 is the point where the Church takes up the problem 
 and the Schauffler-trained girl is the pioneer. 
 
 Travel or ancestry does not help here. Schauffler's 
 graduates alone can lead us up the narrow, dark 
 stairs where Joe, aged six, is caring for Helen, aged 
 two; father in an insane asylum, head injured in 
 a great mill accident; mother out washing six days 
 in every week; four other children running the 
 streets. When the mother leaves in the morning, 
 a nickel is put up high on the shelf, and when the 
 whistle blows Joe goes out and buys something to 
 eat pastry, candy, sausage, or whatever takes his 
 eye. Joe is wonderfully reliable, but he cannot tend 
 a fire with a broken grate, and when it is fixed he 
 is admonished not to let Helen get too near the fire 
 and burn her hands. Quickly raising two fingers, 
 he tells us "two things he must do:" keep her from 
 the stove, and not let her hang out the window or
 
 298 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 the sparks from the great blast-furnace burn her 
 hands. I am sorry for people who have never seen 
 the sparkle in Joe's eyes when we call not for me, 
 oh, no! for the missionary who manages somehow 
 to look in every day. 
 
 The next call is on the ground floor kitchen, par- 
 lor, sleeping accommodations, all in one room. A 
 mother, wild-eyed, almost distracted, had been visit- 
 ing the free dispensary, and the doctor had told her 
 "that she was all right except her nerves." "Where 
 were her nerves ? what did they look like ? what did 
 they do to her? were they spirits, ghosts, or some- 
 thing to eat?" We left her calm, smiling and con- 
 tent, although the help came in a language I could 
 not penetrate. Drunkenness and brutality enter 
 these homes, and one day our worker found a woman 
 in a room where a feather bed had been demolished 
 in a fight, feathers all over the walls and furniture, 
 a woman with an abscess just ready to break lying 
 groaning on the bed. In an incredibly short time hot 
 water was ready, the room a little tidied, and kneel- 
 ing by the bedside a short prayer was offered. When 
 it was all over, the woman comfortable, the worker 
 went about her other duties all unprepared for the 
 storm that was gathering. As soon as the patient 
 could walk, she went up and down the street pro- 
 claiming the power of the missionary to heal in-
 
 Visions from the Towers 299 
 
 stantly by prayer. Sick and deformed children were 
 brought out for hands to be laid upon them; old 
 people begged her to look at them and restore their 
 failing eyesight, or to touch their ears that they 
 might hear, and were furious when miracles did 
 not follow. They could not understand. Alone with 
 a little band of Christians did she pray her way 
 through that wave of fanaticism. Certain after- 
 noons found her in the hospital in the Slovak ward, 
 where men stop cursing when she enters, for she 
 brings papers, and pamphlets in their own language, 
 and pad and pencil, and is willing to write a letter 
 home that does not have to be translated. Oh, 
 the joy and relief in just seeing the words penned! 
 One to a wife already on the sea, a letter to be given 
 her at landing saying that she will not be met by 
 her husband. She is not to go to the little mining 
 village, "her man" is crippled for life. How dark 
 the future must look! There was just one bright 
 star in that scene, a light that we helped to kindle, 
 for the girl at the bedside was partly our gift 
 the Christian pastor who was going to meet the 
 wife, one of our Home Missionaries. 
 
 The constant relieving of special needs is only one 
 side of the service rendered by these girl graduates. 
 All labor under the supervision of a pastor where 
 regular old-fashioned church work is being estab-
 
 300 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 lished. My life is rich in the memories of hours 
 shared with the sewing circles where plans for fairs, 
 church suppers and program meetings fill the after- 
 noon. They are so similar to ours, with always a lit- 
 tle difference once it was having everything I said 
 translated three times, in three different languages ; 
 lately it was being the only woman in the room who 
 did not have a brother in the war. Sometimes the 
 difference occurs at devotions when prayers are 
 asked for the homeland, and the homeland is 
 Servia, Austria-Hungary, Bohemia; seldom, if ever, 
 America. Conversation hovers around personalities 
 one has read the whole book of Daniel in Eng- 
 lish, another with conscious pride announces that 
 her husband has read Revelation. Then comes the 
 inevitable tendency to reminisce, and many a hearty 
 laugh is raised when a girl tells how she could not 
 get her foot into the limp American stocking, an- 
 other how she slept a week in an American corset 
 because she could not get it off and would not tell 
 for fear of being called a "greenhorn." Then come 
 the stories of tragedies girls taken on Saturday to 
 a public dance where liquor flowed and a shooting 
 occurred, and then on Sunday stepped over the 
 threshold of one of our churches, closing her story 
 with the simple words, "I am grateful to God that 
 I found the other America early and soon."
 
 Visions from the Towers 301 
 
 Then the Sundays the pastors are splendid, but 
 after all rather helpless without first aid from 
 Schauffler. Here Sunday begins with a prelude of 
 service on Saturday, a sewing class and a boys' 
 scout meeting, which accounts for the attendance 
 at Sunday school the following morning. At church 
 the Schauffler girl sits at the little organ, manipu- 
 lates the keys, after having trained the choir and 
 translated the anthem into a language the audience 
 can follow (most Christian hymns are available now 
 in all needed languages, but not special Church 
 music). She runs the Junior Endeavor, which is a 
 curious thermometer of character testing, for a 
 street baseball game is often "pulled off" the same 
 hour. She is the power behind the leader of the 
 Christian Endeavor Society and must not let the 
 presiding officer forget, when the proper time comes, 
 to say "contrary minded, 'tis a vote." She arranges 
 for the special supper which is shared by all the girls 
 employed as house servants in private homes, for 
 different church members take turns in entertaining 
 them for the evening meal. 
 
 The last service is followed by conferences and 
 social chats, and it is almost Monday morning when 
 the last good-night is said. In a few short hours the 
 mill whistle will blow, and the night shift will 
 change, and the saloons will all be open, and the noise
 
 302 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 of the cities will sound heavier and deeper, and I 
 learn that next Sunday all these men I have seen in 
 church will be working and another set occupying 
 the pews, meaning in simple arithmetic that all this 
 work is nearly doubled from the standpoint of lives 
 leavened. 
 
 The briefest call that made the deepest impres- 
 sions can be shared in a word. I am sitting in a 
 wooden chair in a kitchen; our hostess has smiled 
 and greeted me with a hearty handshake, but has 
 visited with my guide. Looking at me, she puts her 
 fingers on her lips and says in English, "Only one ?" 
 The response comes quickly, "Only one language, 
 English," and casting big, pitying eyes upon me she 
 murmurs, "Ignorant, ignorant, ignorant," and I feel 
 so ignorant and ashamed of the work that is being 
 left undone, ashamed of the poverty at Schauffler, 
 but somehow assured that this is God's work and 
 He is waiting for us to bring our gifts, our time and 
 our talents. Schauffler cannot live alone the grad- 
 uates can consecrate their lives, but they cannot 
 stay on the field without our help. And this is some- 
 thing we can do. "God having provided some better 
 thing for us, that they without us should not be 
 made perfect."
 
 CHAPTER XX 
 
 Schauffler Graduates The Leaveners of Our 
 Home Life 
 
 By MRS. HASTINGS H. HART 
 President of Woman's Home Missionary Federation 
 
 Among all the training schools I know, Schauffler 
 stands as a unique institution, where the ends and 
 the means are harmoniously balanced. I am even 
 reminded of a certain famous school where a pupil 
 "learns a thing and then he goes and does it," so 
 close is the relation between theory and practice. 
 A busy, stirring, active life they lead a life which 
 cannot fail to help turn them out as normal, whole- 
 some human beings as well as equip them for their 
 chosen work. 
 
 The Schauffler School is, to my mind, not merely 
 a school where students are supplied with a certain 
 amount of knowledge, or given a certain amount of 
 academic education, or technical training, but rather 
 a laboratory where they are taught to handle the 
 things that lives are made of, and enabled thus to 
 comprehend the materials that enter into human 
 experience. 
 
 The human element, as developed in the daily life 
 of the School, and the contact of the young women 
 with each other and with the members of the Fac- 
 
 303
 
 304 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 MRS. HASTINGS H. HART
 
 Schauffler Graduates Leaveners of Home Life 305 
 
 ulty, and in the direct work which they do as a 
 part of their training, is an essential to the success 
 of their work as graduates. If they approached 
 their tasks in a theoretical or detached spirit, how 
 could they find their way into the hearts and confi- 
 dence of those with whom they have to do ? 
 
 One aspect of the work of the Schauffler gradu- 
 ates, which seems to me of tremendous importance, 
 concerns the influence they may exert upon the re- 
 lation between foreign-born parents and their 
 American-born or Americanized children. The case 
 of these foreign-born mothers is often most pathetic, 
 and to a discerning spirit that of the daughter is 
 more so. Suppose you found your daughter, who is 
 the light of your eyes, developing the ability to 
 speak, to read, even to think, in a language you do 
 not understand ! Suppose all your children began to 
 disregard the rules of conduct and conventions which 
 seem to you of first importance, and to manifest a 
 spirit of contempt and impatience in all their deal- 
 ings with you; and they were leading a life from 
 which you were wholly shut out. Would you not be 
 sore at heart? There is many and many a family 
 where these conditions exist, where all sweetness 
 and gentleness have vanished from the household 
 life, and family ties are strained almost to the break- 
 ing point. I shall not soon forget an instance of this
 
 306 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 which came under my observation not long ago, in 
 a subway train. There came in and sat down oppo- 
 site me a mother and daughter. The daughter was 
 perhaps eighteen, pretty and well aware of it, and 
 exceedingly up-to-date in every part of her attire, 
 as far as lay in her power. Her hat, her dress, her 
 adornments, and her shoes, were all chosen and worn 
 with an eye to their effect. The mother was middle- 
 aged, bare-headed, wearing the inevitable dark 
 woolen skirt and apron and shapeless shoes. In her 
 face and her patient eyes were the most pitiful help- 
 lessness and bewilderment. She was being swept 
 away from all that was familiar to her, all her props 
 and stays were failing her, and she has nothing to 
 guide her in the new and comfortless existence 
 which was being thrust upon her. When she spoke to 
 her daughter, she did so almost timidly, and the girl 
 answered with a kind of angry impatience, as if she 
 were ashamed and humiliated by her mother's pres- 
 ence. I did not know which to pity more, the 
 mother, in all her forlornness, or the pretty, foolish 
 daughter, depriving herself, in her ignorance, of that 
 motherly support and guidance she so greatly 
 needed. Think of what a great city may hold for a 
 girl like that young, pretty, eager for what seem 
 to her the good things of life, without the protection 
 and restraint of normal home relationships.
 
 Schauffler Graduates Leaveners of Home Life 307 
 
 Such girls as these and every large city holds 
 hundreds of them are the least likely to come under 
 the wholesome influences of social settlements, 
 Christian associations, and the like. Their capaci- 
 ties, instincts and environment seldom lead them to 
 such institutions. Help must be brought to them, 
 to their homes and daily experiences, if it is to be 
 of any avail. 
 
 Then there is another class of girls those who 
 have come to this country without their families, and 
 have entered domestic service. Every community 
 holds a larger or smaller number of these girls, often 
 of so many different races that they have little in 
 common except the loneliness of their lot, and they 
 often do not know each other by sight. 
 
 Some of these girls become competent housework- 
 ers, and can easily obtain good situations, where 
 they earn good wages, have comfortable quarters, 
 and are treated with kindness and consideration by 
 their employers. Yet with all these favoring cir- 
 cumstances, too many of them lead lives of unnatural 
 isolation, having little or no contact with other 
 young people, and no religious privileges. I have 
 never seen a domestic worker of this type attend- 
 ing church and sitting in the pew with her employ- 
 er's family. Too often there is no service held 
 within reach of the girl which she could attend
 
 308 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 with any spiritual profit. There is no one near her 
 who speaks her own tongue, who has had longer ex- 
 perience in the institutions and atmosphere of this 
 country, and who can guide her into normal rela- 
 tions with the new life around her. These girls 
 are potential wives and mothers, and their children 
 will be American citizens, just as much as yours and 
 mine. The homes they maintain will contribute to 
 our civilization, or be a drag upon it, according to 
 the ideals and standards which we have provided 
 for them. To reach these girls spiritually, to shep- 
 herd and guide them with as little shock and con- 
 fusion as may be in the transition from the old to 
 the new, is the work of an expert, and a work of 
 great importance and far-reaching effects. 
 
 Have you ever attended a session of Juvenile 
 Court? If you have, you have doubtless seen the 
 consequences of the failure of some family to adjust 
 itself to new and imperfectly understood conditions. 
 The father must be out at work all day, absorbed 
 in his job and his associates. The mother cannot 
 speak English, she is hampered by the care of the 
 youngest children and by the difficulties of house- 
 keeping in a strange land. What is to prevent young 
 Antonio from joining the "gang" of that neighbor- 
 hood, where he rapidly rises to the position of leader 
 by virtue of his superior energy and keenness, and
 
 Schauffier Graduates Leaveners of Home Life 309 
 
 where he speedily earns for himself a bad name by 
 various pranks, until at last there is one prank too 
 many, or perhaps some really serious offense, and 
 he is grasped by the strong hand of the law and 
 brought into the Juvenile Court. This is often the 
 best thing that could happen to Antonio; but in 
 such cases as his is revealed the great need of 
 some agency that can defend and direct these little 
 homes and family groups, warning them of unsus- 
 pected perils, guiding, interpreting, bringing to them 
 the best there is for them in our American 
 civilization. 
 
 Not many of these boys can win through to their 
 Promised Land, like Mary Antin. Most of them 
 are of less ability, but for every one of them our 
 churches, our libraries, and our schools hold treas- 
 ures. But some one must furnish the key. 
 
 We are coming to see now that one of the great- 
 est services we can render is the saving of the 
 home. The home is the most precious thing any 
 one of us has, the right and the greatest need of 
 every child. The day of the bound-out child and 
 the orphan-asylum is passing, and we are awaking 
 to the value of the plain every-day home, like yours 
 and mine. It is possible, and not only possible but 
 natural, for families of alien birth to make for 
 themselves such homes, even in three rooms on the
 
 310 The Schaufier Missionary Training School 
 
 top floor of a populous tenement-house, if only some 
 one holds out a helping hand at the right moment. 
 They can preserve the best of the old life, and add to 
 it the good things of the new, if some one they trust 
 will keep them steady during the period of 
 adjustment. 
 
 It seems to me that in these ways the young 
 women who have been trained at Schauffler are 
 rendering a very direct and constructive service, not 
 only to our churches but to our community life. 
 They are settlement workers, friendly visitors, 
 nurses, teachers, relief agents, and evangelists, all 
 in one. Theirs is a great task, and they labor at it 
 with untiring zeal, devotion and love.
 
 CHAPTER XXI 
 
 Cleveland Presbyterianism and the Schauffler School 
 
 By CHARLES L. ZORBAUGH 
 
 Superintendent of the Church Extension Committee of 
 
 the Presbytery of Cleveland 
 
 REV. CHARLES L. ZORBAUGH, D.D. 
 
 It is my privilege to contribute to this volume an 
 appreciation of the workers the Presbyterians of 
 Cleveland have been able to secure from the Schauf- 
 fler School. We have, to be sure, Presbyterian 
 schools of a somewhat similar character in Pitts- 
 burgh and Chicago, and the Florence Harkness Me- 
 morial Missionary and Bible Training School at 
 Wooster offers opportunities of training for persons 
 who wish to enter into the general field of social 
 service in connection with the Church. We have 
 
 311
 
 312 The Schauffler Missionary) Training School 
 
 found it, however, so convenient and advantageous 
 to make use of the Schauffler School when we have 
 needed workers that we have not yet looked any- 
 4 where else during the three and a half years that 
 we have been developing our work in Cleveland. 
 The spirit of Schauffler School and its traditions 
 commend it warmly to the sympathy and support 
 of the general Christian public in this city, and the 
 possibility of using the students as volunteer help- 
 ers during the three years of their course makes 
 the presence of the School in Cleveland a matter 
 of very special advantage to Cleveland pastors and 
 churches. We have ourselves made use of this vol- 
 unteer service to a very considerable extent and 
 found it most helpful. 
 
 The following graduates of Schauffler School have 
 been in the service of the Church Extension Com- 
 mittee of Cleveland Presbytery during the last three 
 years: Miss Barbara Hornyak, Miss Jane Holesov- 
 sky, Miss Mary Csuchta, Mrs. Anna Tyma, Miss 
 Anna Cipka, and Miss Leonida Cagnola. 
 
 While these workers have not been of a uniform 
 character and equipment, my experience with them 
 gives on the whole a high opinion of the value of 
 such young women to the churches in our great 
 city and industrial regions which have to meet the 
 problems presented by large immigrant population.
 
 Cleveland Presbylerianism and the Schauffler School 313 
 
 Of these young ladies only two are in our service 
 just now, and of them I would speak more 
 particularly. 
 
 Miss Hornyak was one of the very first workers 
 we secured from the Schauffler School and began 
 her work as missionary visitor at Mayflower Church 
 in January, 1912. Mayflower is one of our smaller 
 and weaker churches, and we saw little hope of build- 
 ing it up into any strength or promise until we dis- 
 covered the large possibilities in the foreign popu- 
 lation surrounding it. It is in immediate touch with 
 the largest Hungarian colony in Cleveland. Those 
 living near the Church are overwhelmingly Catholic. 
 We found, however, that they responded eagerly to 
 opportunities opened for them at Mayflower Church. 
 Our Daily Vacation Bible School has for three years 
 been the largest in the city, and Miss Hornyak 
 quickly found a troup of little children eager to 
 come to her kindergarten or children's hour every 
 morning of the week except Saturday and Sunday. 
 She is herself a Magyar and is received freely into 
 the Hungarian homes of the community, where she 
 has in these three years past made a warm place 
 for herself in the hearts of the mothers, and in the 
 affections of the children. For three years she had 
 no equipment, and yet the children grew into a larger 
 and larger company under her care, until she had
 
 314 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 as many as eighty-five or ninety in the small prayer- 
 meeting room of the Church, so that the children sat 
 in a double row around the walls, and the task of 
 keeping them happily and usefully busy was a dif- 
 ficult one. At last we have given her better facili- 
 ties. Since November first our Mayflower Parish 
 House has opened its doors just behind the Mu- 
 nicipal Bath House and a block and a half away from 
 the Church, and here Miss Hornyak now gathers her 
 children and enjoys the great advantage of a com- 
 plete kindergarten equipment and of volunteer help, 
 at least one young lady coming to assist her every 
 morning from one or another of our Presbyterian 
 churches. In addition to her work with the children, 
 she has her clubs and sewing classes among the 
 older girls and her Mothers' Club, a new venture 
 which is meeting with success. 
 
 It is expected that soon there will be need also 
 for a cooking class, and a generous gas range is 
 already installed waiting for the day of its need. 
 Miss Hornyak is by this time well known among 
 the women of our Presbytery, as the Women's Pres- 
 byterian Home Missionary Society pays her salary, 
 and she is frequently called upon to speak about 
 her work at various women's gatherings. 
 
 Miss Cipka has been with us only a year and a 
 half, and was at first assigned to Immanuel Church,
 
 Cleveland Presbylerianism and the Schauffler School 3 1 5 
 
 Collinwood, for service among the various nation- 
 alities of that neighborhood, but more particularly 
 the Greiners. Her principal work now lies at the 
 North Church, where the Church and the Presbytery- 
 are cooperating through what we call the Extension 
 Department, the activities of which are financed by 
 the Church Extension Committee. In this depart- 
 ment Miss Cipka is employed to put her main 
 strength into visitation and activities with the 
 mothers and children of the large polyglot popula- 
 tion surrounding this Church, near the Lake Shore 
 at the corner of Superior Avenue and East 40th 
 Street. Miss Cipka is a Slovak, and there is a Slovak 
 Calvinistic colony in this neighborhood, numbering 
 possibly 200, in which she finds a more special wel- 
 come and opportunity. Her work is not intended to 
 be confined to all of these, but is meant to reach 
 out to all the foreigners of the community. She, 
 too, has her sewing groups among the older children, 
 and is just starting kindergarten and mother's 
 work. She has high hopes, too, of reaching the men 
 of the neighborhood, and with the help of the pastor, 
 Mr. Geddes, plans to get them together for a night 
 school in English. Miss Cipka is deeply interested 
 in her work, and I believe she will accomplish much 
 in this most important field, for she is a young 
 woman of character and devotion.
 
 CHAPTER XXII 
 
 Schauffler as a Home and Foreign 
 Missionary Agency 
 
 By REV. HERMAN F. SWARTZ 
 
 Assistant Secretary of the Congregational Home 
 
 Missionary Society 
 
 When the uproar in Europe is finally quelled, it is 
 likely that the United States will be the effective 
 exponent of the standards that will guarantee pro- 
 longed peace. We are all praying that this may 
 be so. 
 
 A result so momentous will not be the fruit of 
 a mere wish. There are now in operation lines of 
 force reaching from America into the older lands 
 across the sea which are materially modifying the 
 Old World's conceptions of many of the fundamental 
 things of life. We have long recognized the power 
 of commercial interactions. We have considerable 
 esteem for the international place of America in 
 politics. Within a few months, however, many of 
 us have been compelled to realize that neither our 
 wealth nor our political prestige accounts for a great 
 part of the influence America is surely exerting in 
 other lands. Some have been greatly puzzled to 
 know how to explain this extension of American 
 sentiment, with the consequent eagerness of each 
 
 316
 
 Schauffler as a Home and Foreign Missionary Agency) 31 7 
 
 belligerent to secure American approval for its 
 cause. If any one will study the Schauffler Mission- 
 
 REV. HERMAN F. SWARTZ 
 
 ary Training School, he will find the key that will 
 unlock this whole subject. It will speedily appear 
 that American home missions have international 
 effects whose magnitude has been hitherto almost
 
 3 1 8 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 ignored in popular presentations, but whose forcef ul- 
 ness is none the less immediate and persistent. 
 
 For a number of years we have been receiving at 
 the ports of America approximately a million aliens 
 annually. The earlier immigration from northern 
 and western Europe bore so close a resemblance to 
 the earliest arrivals that our problem was barely one 
 of quantity, but during the last quarter of a cen- 
 tury, while the quantity has continued steadily to 
 increase, there have been qualitative differences as 
 the immigration sources have moved toward the 
 south and east of Europe. 
 
 These immigrant peoples have exerted their reflex 
 upon the lands of their origin in several truly sig- 
 nificant ways. In the first place, they have sent 
 back to the peasants and industrials of Europe a 
 steady stream of gold, amounting to hundreds of 
 millions of dollars. This money has paid off mort- 
 gages, released whole villages from practical serf- 
 dom, reconstructed the standard of living, broken 
 down the barriers of servility, and in consequence 
 given both the start and the inspiration to produce 
 great changes in the old communities. As the gold 
 mines of Peru made Spain illustrious for a century, 
 so the wages of America are working the recreative 
 miracle in the older nations of eastern Europe. All 
 this gives opportunity for better things, even if it 
 does not furnish these better things themselves.
 
 Schauffler, a Home and Foreign Missionary) Agency 319 
 
 Secondly, there is a much larger return tide of 
 aliens than is ordinarily supposed. Prior to the 
 great exodus due to the war, the flood annually re- 
 turning to Europe amounted in round numbers to 
 three hundred thousand souls. These men have 
 dwelt for a while in our land, within the sound of 
 our church bells, next door to our public schools, 
 within reach of our pastoral visitation. They have 
 inevitably absorbed a good deal of America much 
 of its worst, and a part of its best. Thus we have 
 been sending abroad every year full three hundred 
 thousand foreign missionaries, advocates of Ameri- 
 canism political, social, and religious thoroughly 
 knowing the speech of the peoples to whom they go, 
 welcomed among them as among kindred, and all 
 this without a penny's charge to our Foreign Boards. 
 They are laying cables, binding and interweaving 
 America with the Slavic and Mediterranean peoples. 
 
 Thirdly, the children of these immigrants, born 
 in this land, but of immediate foreign antecedents, 
 are intermarrying rapidly with one another, and 
 with the children of longer American parentage. 
 We are demonstrating to ourselves the significance 
 of the fusion of the races, and to Europe the pos- 
 sibility and the effectiveness of a supernationalism 
 hitherto unknown in that continent of narrow 
 boundaries. Dynastic wars, and the herding of di-
 
 320 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 verse nationalities under the sway of one troubled 
 government, are likely soon to be things of the past. 
 The visible demonstration in America of the essen- 
 tial equality of all the great European race stocks 
 bids fair to be one of the chief influences in healing 
 the unending irritation that Europe has so long 
 endured. 
 
 If the money going abroad may be directed toward 
 the establishing of the things which we in America 
 have found most desirable, if the returning tide is 
 composed of men upon whose characters we have 
 impressed the exalted standards of American evan- 
 gelical faith, and if the alloyed race developed on 
 our own shores reveals the superiority of mankind, 
 as against provincialism, then we shall have been 
 able to gather into our own hands the power to 
 bless the peoples across the sea. The greatest world 
 statesmanship of America will be exerted along 
 these lines through the mobile agencies of 
 immigration. 
 
 It is just here that the Schauffler School has taken 
 its place as one of the prominent instruments toward 
 these ends. For all these years it has gathered into 
 its house and beneath its benediction a chosen group 
 of the finest young women of many different na- 
 tions. They have been thoroughly trained to go in 
 and out among their compatriots residing in our
 
 Schauffler as a Home and Foreign Missionary) Agency 321 
 
 land, teaching these foreign-speaking peoples how 
 to live the American life at its best, to increase 
 their earnings, to maintain the standard of living, 
 to save money without destroying vitality, to in- 
 terpret life not in what one possesses, but in the 
 terms of what one accepts of God. These women 
 have maintained constant relationships with the 
 lands of their origins, continually by letter, and fre- 
 quently by visit, broadening and deepening the chan- 
 nels of American influence abroad. They have been 
 among the most effective agents for impressing 
 upon the immigrant the good things of America as 
 against the many evil things so readily propagated 
 by the saloon and the other gross interests of life. 
 They have fought the ignorance of poverty with the 
 wisdom of Christianity and despair of overtoil 
 with the glorious optimism of high living. They 
 have transmuted the small savings of unskilled labor 
 into the priceless wealth of ideals. These young 
 women have worked as pastors' assistants, teachers, 
 visitors, nurses, and best of all as pastors' wives, in 
 many of the most significant fields of our great 
 cities, and under the care of every important evan- 
 gelical denomination. With scarcely an exception, 
 their ministry has proven highly satisfactory to 
 those who have supported them, and to the writer's 
 certain knowledge eminently profitable to those
 
 322 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 toward whom their labors were directed. The Con- 
 gregational Home Missionary Society always has 
 under its commission several of the graduates of the 
 Schauffler School. Without invidious comparison, 
 we believe, on the basis of our experience, that a dol- 
 lar invested in the service of one of these highly 
 trained women will yield a larger return in the terms 
 of the things that we are seeking than will any 
 other form of investment that can be made among 
 people of foreign speech, and we are also persuaded 
 that the same statement is true in many instances 
 where the labors are among those who almost wholly 
 use the English tongue. 
 
 Some of the most careful among us have about 
 obtained the conviction that one such trained woman 
 working in a foreign community in America will not 
 only do an invaluable piece of home missionary work, 
 but she will also do as much both in quantity and 
 quality in the line of foreign missionary work as 
 though commissioned to go abroad. The writer 
 knows of no investment of life or of money of which 
 more may be said than this.
 
 CHAPTER XXIII 
 
 The Woman's Home Missionary Federation Build- 
 ings and Endowment $125,000 in Five Years 
 After the War in America and Europe 
 
 "Watchman, what of the night? The morning 
 cometh, and ailso the night: if ye tvill inquire, in- 
 quire ye: turn ye, come." 
 
 God only knows what the future has in store for 
 the nations of the earth. Little by little the scroll 
 is unrolled. Again and again the inquirer must 
 come. God changes the portion of his people. And 
 because of changes and uncertainties men are made 
 to feel their need of God. They cannot do without 
 him. Thus faith is maintained and strengthened. 
 "Because they have no changes, therefore they fear 
 not God." 
 
 This is as true for the institution as it is true for 
 the individual and the nation. In the constitution 
 of society, and in the relations of men, and in the 
 work of the church, both in this country and in 
 Europe and Asia, it is certain that great changes are 
 imminent. 
 
 They are already in progress. And to meet the 
 changing conditions there will always be needed 
 Christian institutions which shall be able to impart 
 
 323
 
 324 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 to prospective Christian workers, as they are en- 
 listed year after year and generation after genera- 
 tion, the vision and wisdom and devotion and touch 
 of Christ which they need for the work that God 
 gives them to do. 
 
 It was because of the tremendous racial changes 
 then just beginning that The Schauffler Missionary 
 Training School was called into being. 
 
 It was organized to meet a great and a present 
 need, which has remained present and has increased 
 with the advancing years. 
 
 But is it to be a continued need? Is the mighty 
 current of foreign immigration, which has increased 
 our American population by the hundreds of thou- 
 sands yearly, to continue to sweep in upon us; or 
 is immigration to be retarded and checked, and the 
 Americanization and Christianization of those who 
 are already with us to be speedily accomplished ? 
 
 This has been a question latent in the minds of 
 many of the friends of Schauffler undoubtedly, as 
 in the past they have thought of the future of the 
 School. And because of its unique character, and 
 because of the unique and peculiar work which its 
 graduates are called to do, they have wondered if 
 the time might not come when its work could be 
 taken over by other schools and colleges and Home 
 Missionary agencies and carried on as well.
 
 The Woman s Home Missionary Federation 325 
 
 To this latent question has been due, in part no 
 doubt, the tardy support which the School has re- 
 ceived, and its slow development. 
 
 Little by little the Providence of God seems to be 
 clearing the vision on this matter, and making the 
 way plain. It is apparent that exigent problems of 
 immigration, and the deeper and more important 
 problems of the re-Christianization of Christendom, 
 are to find no speedy and no easy solution. There 
 is no discharge in this war, and there must be no 
 weakening in the support of our recruiting schools. 
 This, earnest-minded Christians have been led in- 
 creasingly to feel. 
 
 And the remarkable efficiency of the Schauffler 
 graduates, and their success in reaching with the 
 simple gospel of Christian love and ministry the 
 fundamental sources of moral influence, the mothers 
 in the homes, the daughters and the little children 
 of their own nationalities, and through them leaven- 
 ing the Sabbath schools and Endeavor Societies and 
 churches and communities with the mind and spirit 
 of Christ, have been such that Home Missionary 
 workers have been led to feel that to abandon the 
 Schauffler School would prove the practical abandon- 
 ment of Home Missionary endeavor among our im- 
 migrant peoples. 
 
 And this deepening feeling, especially among the
 
 326 The Schauffier Missionary Training School 
 
 Congregational Woman's Missionary Unions of the 
 land, which have been the strongest supporters of 
 the School through the years, has led to organized 
 action and a definite proposition for enlargement and 
 financial support, which seems to insure the financial 
 future of the School. 
 
 The history already recited indicates sufficiently 
 the precarious financial foundation upon which the 
 School has rested, the heart-rending efforts and 
 anxieties of its founder and his successors to secure 
 the funds needed for its support and for the develop- 
 ment which it has made, and for an assured recogni- 
 tion from the National Missionary Societies. 
 
 This struggle has not been due to any lack of ap- 
 preciation of and interest in the work of the School, 
 nor wholly because of the question with respect to 
 the future just suggested, but has been due largely 
 to the incomplete development and unification of the 
 Congregational denomination itself and its mission- 
 ary agencies. 
 
 This national denominational unification is now 
 well nigh accomplished. The relation of the School 
 to both our Educational and Home Missionary work 
 is recognized and defined. 
 
 The Woman's Home Missionary Unions, hitherto 
 isolated state organizations, have come to their own. 
 
 Beginning first in 1887, at the call of Mrs. William
 
 The W oman s Home Missionary Federation 327 
 
 Kincaid of Brooklyn, New York, an annual meeting 
 of these Unions had been held in connection with 
 the annual meeting of the Congregational Home 
 Missionary Society. 
 
 To foster a spirit of unity and fellowship, how- 
 ever, and especially to represent Congregational 
 women in interdenominational efforts for home mis- 
 sions, a closer and more permanent organization was 
 felt to be needed. After long and careful delibera- 
 tion, at the meeting held in Springfield, Massachu- 
 setts, in May, 1905, The Woman's Home Mission- 
 ary Federation was duly organized. 
 
 As the work of this organization progressed there 
 was developed the strong feeling on the part of its 
 leaders that, as a means of unifying the widely scat- 
 tered Unions, all should unite in working for some 
 one home missionary object. Many of the Unions 
 were already contributing to the support of Schauf- 
 fler, and it was suggested, first by Mrs. Harry Wade 
 Hicks, that this School should be that object. In 
 January, 1914, at an Executive Committee meeting 
 of the Federation, held in Chicago, this object was 
 proposed. Although an entirely new idea to many, 
 it was received with enthusiasm. 
 
 The School was visited by officers of the Federa- 
 tion, especially by its President, Mrs. Roy B. Guild, 
 of Kansas, and her successor, Mrs. Hastings H. Hart,
 
 328 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 of New York. A thorough study was made of its 
 condition and administration, and of the policy which 
 should be adopted with reference to its future. 
 
 At a meeting of the National Missionary Boards, 
 held in New York in March, the proposal before the 
 
 MR. FORREST AMOS COBURN 
 Architect of Present Building 
 
 Federation was presented, and was endorsed. Later, 
 by a meeting of the eastern district of the Federa- 
 tion, it was voted, and statements of the plan were 
 sent to all of the State Unions, and from them hearty 
 responses were received. 
 
 The Annual Meeting of the Federation was held in 
 Providence, Rhode Island, in October, 1914. At this
 
 The Woman's Home Missionary Federation 329 
 
 meeting the proposition was presented by the officers 
 of the Federation, and plans for the enlargement of 
 the School plant were presented by Mr. C. H. Hop- 
 kinson, of Cleveland, the architect of the School, 
 who said, in part: "My work as a city architect 
 
 MR. CHARLES H. HOPKINSON 
 Architect of New Building 
 
 and as an institution architect has given me an op- 
 portunity to judge what is required for an institu- 
 tion of this kind. Cleveland gathers to itself about 
 40,000 people every year, nine4enths or more of 
 whom are foreigners. 
 
 "The colleges do not reach the problem as Schauf- 
 fler does. The time will come when Schauffler will
 
 330 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 take college graduates and give them training for 
 this foreign work. The present building is a two- 
 story frame building in the fire district; it might 
 very properly be condemned from a fire inspector's 
 standpoint. I should simply make such reasonable 
 improvements as would safeguard the lives of the 
 pupils. This expenditure would not be more than 
 $6,000. As to further enlargement our problem is: 
 How can a little money be spent so that what is done 
 will be a part of the large institution which we ex- 
 pect to have in time? In this plan (pointing to 
 drawings displayed and explained in detail), we 
 have tried to answer these problems. One hundred 
 and fifty students is about the maximum this institu- 
 tion is expected to accommodate. We have planned 
 for this number." 
 
 Following the presentation of the proposition and 
 the plans, and their full discussion, on motion of 
 Mrs. A. H. Standish, of Illinois, it. was unanimously 
 voted, "That the Federation undertake to raise 
 $125,000 in five years for Schauffler Missionary 
 Training School, $75,000 to be used for buildings 
 and $50,000 for endowment. This to be included in 
 the proposed Tercentenary Fund." 
 
 Thus with the Federation of the Woman's Home 
 Missionary Unions of all the States officially behind 
 it, and with a definite plan for the raising of the
 
 The Woman's Home Missionary Federation 331 
 
 funds needed, the financial future of the School 
 seems secure. 
 
 It is quite true that the money has not yet been 
 raised, and that diligent effort will be needed to 
 raise it; also that while this $125,000 is being se- 
 cured for the enlargement of the School plant, the 
 work of the School must be continued and its cur- 
 rent expenses met. 
 
 All of these considerations, however, have been 
 fully faced, and the burden intelligently and 
 courageously assumed. 
 
 In presenting the proposition to the Federation 
 for their action, its President, Mrs. Hastings H. 
 Hart, said : "This must all be over and above regu- 
 lar gifts. We must not starve Schauffler while we 
 are building her new home." 
 
 With this secure foundation for the future prog- 
 ress and development of the School, then, what more 
 can we forecast wisely of her work ? As these pages 
 are written, Europe and the world is convulsed and 
 distressed by the most terrible, the most unbrotherly 
 and most unchristian war that the world has ever 
 witnessed. 
 
 What is to be its effect upon the future of this 
 country and of the nations and races from which 
 our immigrant peoples have come?
 
 332 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 All are involved in it, and the definite outcome is 
 known to God only. 
 
 Certain things, however, are clear. The dynamic 
 of immigration in the past has been the oppressions 
 and hardships experienced in the home lands where 
 the war is now raging and the longing for liberty 
 and opportunity. Let the war end as it may, it 
 cannot fail to leave its survivors in a vastly more 
 deplorable condition than they were before. Should 
 imperialism be maintained in the imperial nations, 
 and extended, the heavy hand will be heavier still, 
 and the burdens of taxation will be hopeless and 
 crushing. 
 
 Should imperialism and militarism be overthrown, 
 a long period of governmental confusion and experi- 
 ment will be almost inevitable, and the burdens of 
 taxation can be in no wise lightened. 
 
 Add to this the awful impoverishment and ruin 
 wrought by the devastations of the war, the ruined 
 cities and villages, the battle-plowed fields, the 
 broken households, the maimed and crippled and de- 
 pendent, and the widows and orphans of the war. 
 Who will not wish to escape from those stricken 
 lands! Who of those for whom escape is possible 
 will fail to attempt to do it ! 
 
 And whither shall they flee but to this land which 
 has become the refuge and the home of so many of
 
 The Woman's Home Missionary Federation 333 
 
 their own people, and in which they have found both 
 the liberty and the opportunity which they have 
 sought ! 
 
 This means, for the not distant future, the more 
 than probable tremendous increase in the tide of 
 immigration, and the multiplication of the problems 
 which this new and impoverished tide will bring. 
 
 And for those who remain in their home lands 
 to work out there the destinies of the nations as they 
 are yet to be, there is sure to come the tremendous 
 changes which a great war always brings about, the 
 mobilization of mind, the vision of new truths, and 
 an aspiration for better things dimly apprehended. 
 
 The religious effect upon multitudes the world 
 over will be no doubt for a time disastrous. A nom- 
 inal faith will be destroyed. "Where is now thy 
 God ?" is a challenge which the Christian Church will 
 be compelled to meet. 
 
 But increasingly it will become apparent that an 
 institutional and formal religion, by whatever name 
 it may be known, and however grand and spectacular 
 its organization and ritual, is a delusion and a snare. 
 
 Such a religion may adorn and bolster up a ma- 
 terial and commercial civilization for a time. But 
 when selfish ambitions and interest clash, and mon- 
 ster armies and navies are equipped and eager for 
 action, then the restraining and controlling power
 
 334 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 of God is wanting, and civilization and religion both 
 go down in ruin. 
 
 From such forms of religion and from such a 
 merely material civilization men will, and must in- 
 creasingly, turn away. 
 
 But the religion of the spirit of Jesus Christ our 
 Lord, the spirit which forbids the lordship of any 
 man over the soul or the body of his fellow man, and 
 which finds its supreme expression in ministries to 
 the needs of men, the spirit which is friendly, which 
 overrides all the barriers of race and caste and 
 color, which counts every man a brother, and which 
 leads one to love his neighbor even though he be an 
 enemy, as himself, to such religion, embodied in life 
 and expressed in conduct, men everywhere will re- 
 spond. It is this spirit, regnant in the hearts and 
 lives of the multitudes, which can alone make war 
 impossible, Hague tribunals and sacred international 
 covenants effective, universal prosperity certain, and 
 insure the establishment of a permanent peace. 
 
 Where is such a religion to be found? Perfectly, 
 as yet, it is nowhere to be found. The Christianity 
 of Christ has never yet been tried in this world. 
 Nevertheless, here in democratic America, this is 
 our ideal. And imperfectly as it has been realized, 
 it has wrought as an inspiration in the hearts of 
 multitudes of our people; it has molded our forms
 
 The Woman's Home Missionary) Federation 335 
 
 of government, and given shape and purpose to our 
 institutions both civil and religious. It has made 
 us what we have become to the nations of the world, 
 a House of Refuge in their distress. 
 
 The position of the United States among the na- 
 tions today, as the one great neutral nation, gives 
 to us already unprecedented moral power. 
 
 Unless by petty self-seeking we wantonly throw 
 away our opportunity, that power will be augmented 
 as time rolls on. 
 
 The eyes of the distressed of all nations and races 
 will be upon us, and their ears will be attentive 
 to our cry. Peculiarly will the attention of the great 
 Slavic peoples be turned to this land, because so 
 many have here found a home. As never before, not 
 only Austria-Hungary but Russia will open to the 
 influence of American Protestant Christianity. 
 
 What a field, thus, is opening up for our Christian 
 churches ! What a field especially for the graduates 
 of Schauffler! It is theirs now, and is to be theirs 
 in the coming days, to meet the stricken people of 
 their own lands here with the message and cheer of 
 the Master, to give them the light of the never fail- 
 ing love of Christ and of their brother men, to in- 
 spire them with Christian faith and hope and cour- 
 age, and speed them on their way. 
 
 It will be theirs no doubt, by the way of reflex in-
 
 336 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 fluence, to send back to the home lands, through 
 those whom they may reach and inspire, the same 
 Christian message. 
 
 In the providence of God some may be called to 
 return in person to those lands, and, as our mission- 
 aries abroad, preach the gospel to their own people 
 there and live it into their lives. 
 
 The Schauffler Missionary Training School has for 
 its single and supreme purpose the realization of the 
 mind and spirit of Christ in its students, and the 
 communication of the Christ-spirit through them to 
 those to whom they may be sent. 
 
 The need of the whole world today is that of the 
 spiritual Christianizing of the world. This must be 
 brought about in large measure by the re-Christian- 
 izing of Christendom, beginning with these United 
 States. 
 
 May it not be that God has brought The Schauf- 
 fler Missionary Training School into being in this 
 country, and has led it on through the years until 
 it has established itself in the confidence of Chris- 
 tian people, has revealed its efficiency and the reason 
 for it, and has secured the substantial support which 
 it needs, that it may become a mighty factor in the 
 vastly greater work opening before us, of making 
 out of the bitter woes of the present kingdoms of 
 this world the kingdom of our Lord, and of His 
 Christ, that He may reign for ever and ever ?
 
 Appendix 
 
 AGREEMENT WITH THE CONGREGATIONAL 
 CONFERENCE OF OHIO 
 
 Pursuant to notice duly given, the members of the corpora- 
 tion met at the office of H. Clark Ford, Cleveland, Ohio, this 
 23rd day of November, 1911. Mr. H. Clark Ford was chosen 
 Chairman, and Mr. E. S. Rothrock was chosen Clerk. 
 
 The following preamble and resolution was offered by Mr. 
 Fraser, seconded by Mr. Tenney and, after consideration, 
 unanimously adopted: 
 
 WHEREAS, The Schauffler Missionary Training School suc- 
 ceeded to that part of the work of the Bohemian Missionary 
 Board of Cleveland, Ohio, pertaining to the education and 
 training of Missionaries and Pastors' Helpers, which work 
 was and is now carried on principally at its building on 
 Fowler Ave., Cleveland, Ohio, and 
 
 WHEREAS, the property used for said school was duly 
 conveyed by The Bohemian Missionary Board to The Schauf- 
 fler Missionary Training School, by proper conveyance dated 
 at Cleveland, Ohio, September 8, 1906, which conveyance was 
 duly recorded in the public records in the Recorder's Office of 
 said county, and 
 
 WHEREAS, said school was established by and its prop- 
 erty secured largely from the Congregational Churches of 
 Ohio and elsewhere, and the members thereof, and said 
 work, since its inception, and at all times, has been supported 
 and carried on largely by contributions received from such 
 churches, and 
 
 337
 
 338 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 WHEREAS, it is desired and deemed necessary, by provid- 
 ing certain limitations and conditions in the title to its prop- 
 erty, to have the work of said school more fully supported 
 and recognized by said churches, and the state and national 
 bodies, in which the Congregational Churches of Ohio are 
 united, and to enable said school to come under the plan of 
 benevolences of said denomination, now known as the Ap- 
 portionment Plan, and under any plan which may hereafter 
 be adopted by said churches. 
 
 NOW, THEREFORE, be it resolved that the title to all its 
 property, real and personal, be held by it subject to the limi- 
 tations and conditions hereinafter appearing. So that its 
 property of every kind shall at all times be retained within 
 the denomination of Christians now known as the Congrega- 
 tional Conference of Ohio and the National Council of Con- 
 gregational Churches. 
 
 AND FURTHER RESOLVED, that the Board of Trustees 
 of The Schauffler Missionary Training School are hereby au- 
 thorized and instructed to cause its proper officers to execute 
 a conveyance of all real and personal property belonging to 
 said Schauffler Missionary Training School to the Congrega- 
 tional Conference of Ohio, a corporation of the same de- 
 nomination, not for profit; the same to be retransf erred to 
 said The Schauffler Missionary Training School, subject to 
 the following terms and conditions, to wit: "This deed and 
 conveyance is given and accepted in trust, however, for the 
 purpose of providing and insuring that the property afore- 
 said, or the proceeds thereof, in whatever form it may exist, 
 shall be and remain in the control of and be used for the 
 advancement of the work of the Congregational denomina-
 
 Appendix 339 
 
 tion of churches, as represented in the grantor and in the 
 National Council of the Congregational churches of the 
 United States, the successor or successors of either or both, 
 on the following terms and conditions, to wit: 
 
 1. Said premises shall be used for the education and train- 
 ing of persons to do work as Missionaries and Pastors' 
 Helpers, under the direction and auspices of said grantee. 
 
 2. If said premises should ever be sold, leased, mortgaged, 
 or exchanged, the income and proceeds therefrom shall be 
 held upon all the terms, conditions, and under the trust 
 herein set forth. 
 
 3. No attempt shall be made at any time to transfer said 
 school or any of the property to any other denomination 
 or sect, or to teach therein any other faith or doctrine than 
 that which is or may be held by the grantor, and by the said 
 National Council. 
 
 4. The taxes and assessments and public charges, if any, 
 insurance and repairs necessary to keep said property in 
 good repair, shall be promptly and regularly paid when due 
 by grantee. 
 
 5. If the grantee fail to fulfill and perform said terms 
 and conditions, or if said school should be abandoned or 
 closed, or cease to exist, then said premises shall immediately 
 and without any action or notice to grantee, revert to and 
 become the property of grantor absolutely, and grantor may 
 take possession thereof, and administer or sell, convey and 
 dispose of the same for the above purposes, or for such other 
 educational, missionary or religious purpose within the State 
 of Ohio, as it may be empowered to do, under its corporate 
 rights.
 
 Index 
 
 Adams, Rev. E. A., 25, 145. 
 Allyn, Miss Abbie M., 183, 197. 
 Alumna? (see Graduates). 
 
 Alumna? Association Organized, 140; motto, 191; scholar- 
 ship, 223. 
 Anniversary Twentieth, 65; twenty-fifth, 201 f. 
 Appendix, 337. 
 Apportionment Plan, 213, 226. 
 
 Baldwin, Mrs. E. G., 85, 88. 
 
 Belsan, Anna, 62, 68 f. 
 
 Berry, John F., 214 f . 
 
 Bethlehem Church, 34 f. 
 
 Bible Reader (see Memorial). 
 
 Board of Lady Visitors, 89 f . 
 
 Bohemian Mission Board, 34, 75, 89, 91 f., 143 f., 163. 
 
 Bohemian Work, 15, 158. 
 
 Brehovsky, Mary Sketch of, 268 f. 
 
 Carroll, Rev. C. W., 156, 191. 
 Clark, Rev. A. W., 25, 40, 153 f. 
 Collins, Rev. Chas. Terry, 32, 36, 149. 
 Corporation, 9, 164 f., 173 f., 211 f. 
 
 Davis, Ozora, 237, 246 f ., 255. 
 Deaconesses, 50 f . 
 Deas, Mary H., 173, 197. 
 
 Education Society, 113 f., 174, 180 f. 
 Endowment Fund, 163, 177, 180, 182, 184. 
 
 Federation, Woman's Home Missionary, 239 f., 242, 323 f.; 
 Annual Meeting of, 328. 
 
 341
 
 342 The Schauffler Missionary Training School 
 
 Ford, H. Clark, 164, 173. 
 Founder's Day, 176, 221. 
 Fraser, Rev. J. G. Introduction by, 7; dedicatory prayer, 80. 
 
 Graduates Experiences of, 117 f; in conference, 124; re- 
 union, 140; work of, 140 f., 256, 297, 303, 311, 316; gifts 
 of, 178, 219; efficiency of, 325. 
 
 Gross, Anna A., 88, 105, 174. 
 
 Harris, Rev. Bertha J. (see also Juengling), 119 f. 
 
 Hart, Mrs. Hastings H. Article by, 303 f . 
 
 Hobart, Clara, 43 f ., 49, 85, 133, 150, 177. 
 
 Hobart, Mr. and Mrs. Donley, 64. 
 
 Hobart, Ella, 65, 88, 127 f . 
 
 Home Missionary Society, 34, 36, 108 f., 114 f., 213. 
 
 Hopkinson, Chas. W., Architect, 329. 
 
 Ingatherings, 101, 221. 
 
 Jenkins, James A. Poem of, 204. 
 Jindra, Marie J., 198. 
 Johnston, Mrs. A. A. F. (quoted), 137. 
 Juengling, Bertha (see Harris). 
 
 Kincaid, Mrs. William, 238, 242, 327. 
 
 Labaree, Mrs. B. W., 25 f ., 202, 221. 
 Leavitt, Rev. G. R., 73. 
 
 Mellen, L. F., 75, 98. 
 
 Memorial, Schauffler, 85, 142, 176, 193, 224. 
 
 Merriam, Mrs., 76. 
 
 Metcalf, E. W., 76. 
 
 Mills, Rev. C. S., 153. 
 
 Mills, Mrs. Mary W. Principal, 133; report of, 139; work for 
 endowment, 176 f., 184 f.; report of, 178 f., 186 f., 206 f., 
 218 f.; field work, 235; letter to Dr. Davis, 247, 255.
 
 Index 343 
 
 National Council, 50, 181. 
 Nichols, Rev. John R., 67, 77. 
 
 Oberlin Slavic Department, 40 f ., 45 f ., 151. 
 
 Olivet Chapel, 34. 
 
 Olney, Mr. and Mrs., 175. 
 
 Osborne, Mrs. Elizabeth C, 174, 183, 197. 
 
 Peck, Mary Anna, 71, 77, 85. 
 Polish Work, 118, 127, 132, 158. 
 Porter, Mary H. (quoted), 138. 
 
 Reitinger, Marie Sketch of, 257 f. 
 
 Reports Mrs. Schauffler, 65 f., 102; Miss Belsan, 68 f.; Miss 
 
 Gross, 105 f.; Mrs. Mills, 139 f., 178 f., 182 f., 186 f., 207 f., 
 
 218 f. 
 Rovnak, Mary Sketch of, 287 f . 
 
 Schauffler, A. F. Quoted, 57; visits school, 221. 
 
 Schauffler, Clara (see Hobart). 
 
 Schauffler, Henry A. Birth, 20; boyhood, 20 f.; education, 
 21 f., 146; marriage, 22; teacher in Robert College, 23 f., 
 147; missionary to Turkey, 24; missionary to Austria, 
 
 35 f.; champion of religious liberty, 25 f.; superintendent 
 of Slavic work in U. S., 32; D. D., 37; death, 153; return 
 to America, 29; called to Cleveland, 32, 132, 148, 157; 
 begins work for Bohemians, 34; missions established, 
 
 36 f . ; death of Mrs. Schauffler, 38, 149 ; report to National 
 Council, 50; efforts to reach homes, 59; marriage to Clara 
 Hobart, 85, 146; report of, 140 f.; travels, 142; illness, 142; 
 funeral services, 143; memorial services, 143 f.; character 
 of, 151, 153 f., 156; school named for, 160, 163. 
 
 Schauffler, Rachel Capen Poem of, 151. 
 
 Schauffler, Wm. G. Birthplace, 13; exile, 13; education, 13 f.; 
 
 religious experience, 14; marriage, 17; work in Turkey, 
 
 17 f.; ordination, 17. 
 Scholarships, 178, 190.
 
 344 The Schauffier Missionary Training School 
 
 School Aim of, 9 f., 326; founded, 58, 62 f., 92 f.; need of, 44; 
 difficulties, 59, 60 f.; unique, 62; first home, 64; second 
 home, 65, 71; third home, 67 f., 75 f.; heredity, 13; name 
 163; corporation formed, 164; records of, 164; trustees of 
 164; articles of incorporation, 165; meeting of corporation 
 173; legacy for, 175, 188, 227; needs of, 179, 199 f. 
 students, 60 f., 180; third floor, 180, 192; national coun 
 cil, 181; student body, 185, 219; gifts to, 182, 195, 238 
 improvements, 183 f.; curriculum, 83, 1021, 190, 192, 225 
 228 f.; self help, 191; commencement events, 191, 202 
 attendance, 192 f.; lots for, 200 f.; property, 210 f.; prayer 
 for, 238; missionary agency, 316; called into being, 324 
 efficiency of graduates, 325. 
 
 Slavinskie, Rev. Barbara, 132 f . 
 
 Slovak Work, 121 f . 
 
 Steiner, Prof. E. A., 181 f. 
 
 Stern, Miss Fannie, 173. 
 
 Swartz, Rev. H. F. Article by, 316 f. 
 
 Tenney, Rev. H. M., 73, 206, 227 f . 
 
 Unions, Woman's Home Missionary, 95 f ., 108, 111 f., 326. 
 
 Vasicek, Anna, 121 f. 
 
 Whitcomb, G. Henry, 40. 
 
 Whitlock, Rev. F. M., 160. 
 
 Woodberry, Miriam L. Article by, 296 f. 
 
 Zorbaugh, Rev. Charles L. Article by, 311 f.
 
 8v 
 
 2093 
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 Santa Barbara 
 
 THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE 
 STAMPED BELOW. 
 
 Series 9482
 
 UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY