THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 JAMES M. TAYLOR 
 Touring: South America
 
 TOURING 
 SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 WITH THE GOSPEL 
 
 BY 
 
 JAMES M. TAYLOR, Missionary Evangelist, 
 
 Editor of the Missionary Reporter and author of more than thirty 
 Books and Booklets on various subjects. 
 
 Cloth, 50c; Paper, 25c 
 
 JAMES M. TAYLOR, 
 
 Publisher, 
 
 807 Deery Street, 
 
 KNOXVILLE, TENN.
 
 TO THE 
 
 INTERDENOMINATIONAL 
 MISSIONARY PRAYER LEAGUE 
 
 whose prayers made this tour possible, 
 
 and made it a success, this book 
 
 is affectionately dedicated.
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 Our "Tours" are for Missionary Evangelis- 
 tic purposes. "Touring South America With 
 The Gospel" was for this same purpose. 
 
 We have made no attempt to give the read- 
 er a historic or literary work; our purpose 
 has been single; namely, a hope that we 
 might, through these pages, give the reader 
 some idea of the appalling needs and golden 
 opportunities in South America. 
 
 If this small book "Touring South Ameri- 
 ca With The Gospel", is successful on its 
 mission in securing a life for South America 
 and the support of a few workers, the au- 
 thor will be glad he wrote while traveling 
 as deck passenger at times, in cheap hotels 
 and cold rooms on other occasions. The book 
 was written with a prayer and purpose, it is 
 published and sent out with the same prayer 
 and purpose. 
 
 JAMES MILBURN TAYLOR, 
 On board S. S. Vauban, 
 July First, Nineteen Hundred Fourteen. 
 
 G55530
 
 FOREWORD. 
 
 The Interdenominational Missionary work 
 we have been doing for the last four years is 
 three-fold in its scope and purpose. We 
 mention the three in the order of what we 
 deem their relative importance to the evan- 
 gelization of the world. 
 
 First, to scatter Missionary Information 
 
 from the platform in missionary addresses, 
 and by use of the printed page, which we 
 are endeavoring to put out by the million in 
 tracts, papers and books. We do this believ- 
 ing that if the Christian world could be in- 
 telligently informed concerning the needs of 
 the unevangelized millions it would not be 
 long until the light of the Gospel would pen- 
 etrate every dark heathen nation on earth. 
 
 Second, Missionary Evangelism. From 
 Bishops, Superintendents and lone mission- 
 aries in all parts of the world we are con- 
 tinually receiving urgent, pleading calls to 
 "come over and help" them. In these evan- 
 gelistic services we see, as a rule, the various 
 missions united. The missionaries often de- 
 clare the greatest good accomplished is the 
 help they receive in their own hearts. In
 
 addition to this, however, we have the priv- 
 ilege of seeing thousands accept the gospel 
 for the first time, and the work being care- 
 fully followed up by the missionaries the 
 final and permanent results cannot be esti- 
 mated in this life. 
 
 Third, The Support of Missionaries and 
 Native Workers. We have not given the 
 matter of raising money for the support of 
 workers the place of first importance. We 
 are far more anxious to scatter missionary 
 information. Whatever money comes in we 
 use as requested by the donor, and directed 
 by His Spirit, in the spread of the Gospel in 
 foreign fields. 
 
 In supporting workers, we always take 
 those who are connected with some church or 
 mission now at work on the field, and with 
 sufficient strength to conserve it. Should the 
 reader become interested in any part of the 
 work or needs mentioned in these pages, and 
 desire more information concerning same, it 
 will be furnished on application, with pleas- 
 ure. 
 
 We will be glad to send, free, a copy of our 
 book, Interdenominational Missionary Work. 
 Address the publisher.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
 
 CHAPTER ONE 
 Panama 
 
 Midnight, February First Excommunication to the 
 Fifth Generation Roman Inconsistencies The 
 Results. 
 
 Page 10 
 
 CHAPTER TWO 
 
 Colombia 
 Buenaventura. 
 Page 21 
 
 CHAPTER THREE 
 Ecuador 
 
 Esmeraldas The Bull Fights. 
 
 Page 26 
 
 CHAPTER FOUR 
 Peru 
 
 Callao Lima, capital of Peru Cuzco, the old Inca 
 capital. 
 
 Page 35 
 
 CHAPTER FIVE 
 
 Bolivia 
 
 The La Paz meeting. 
 Page 48 
 
 CHAPTER SIX 
 Chile 
 
 The meeting in Valparaiso Needs of Valparaiso 
 Santiago meetings Concepcion In Southern 
 Chile The best schools Los Andes. 
 
 Page . 54
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 9 
 
 CHAPTER SEVEN 
 
 Argentine 
 
 Buenos Aires Campaign in Buenos Aires Praying 
 to the saints and images Modes of opposition 
 Cradle of Romanism. 
 Page 75 
 
 CHAPTER EIGHT 
 
 Paraguay 
 
 Incident from Paraguay. 
 Page 90 
 
 CHAPTER NINE 
 
 Uruguay 
 Wearing images. 
 Page 95 
 
 CHAPTER TEN 
 
 Brazil 
 Page 100 
 
 CHAPTER ELEVEN 
 
 The Guianas 
 
 Good liquor in the name of religion. 
 Page 103 
 
 CHAPTER TWELVE 
 
 Venezuela 
 
 The fruit of tract work. 
 Page 107 
 
 CHAPTER THIRTEEN 
 
 Church Growth on the Mission Field. 
 
 Page Ill 
 
 CHAPTER FOURTEEN 
 
 Evangelism in South America 
 
 Page 116 
 
 CHAPTER FIFTEEN 
 
 The Accepted Hour 
 
 Page 119 
 
 CHAPTER SIXTEEN 
 
 Good-Bye 
 Page 122
 
 10 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 CHAPTER ONE 
 Panama. 
 
 This word generally carries to the minds 
 of the American people thoughts of the city 
 of Panama and the canal, rather than the 
 Republic of Panama, which covers an area 
 equal to that of the state of Maine, or nearly 
 32,380 square miles. The population of the 
 Republic of Panama is 36,100, and like Co- 
 lombia, Guatemala and Honduras, it reaches 
 from the Atlantic to the Pacific oceans. 
 
 This little Republic is a country of great 
 agricultural wealth and industrial possibil- 
 ities. They are already exporting bananas, 
 cocoa, tobacco, sugar, rubber, vegetable 
 ivory, turtle shells, pearls and mahogany. 
 Their possibilities are great, if they had 
 railroads to connect the capital and other 
 ports with their farming, gardening, and cat- 
 tle raising territory. 
 
 The only railroads at the present are those 
 crossing the isthmus between Colon and Pan- 
 ama City, with a length of forty-eight miles, 
 and a banana line running into the interior 
 for twenty-nine miles. The contract has 
 been let, however, for building a line 274
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 11 
 
 miles up the coast connecting Panama City 
 and David. This is to cost about five million 
 dollars, and when completed will form a part 
 of the contemplated Pan-American system, 
 which will connect Panama City with New 
 York by a main trunk line. 
 
 The foreign commerce in 1909 exceeded ten 
 million dollars. Panama bought from the 
 United States products valued at about five 
 million, and sold of its exports to the United 
 States, $1,265,000, making a total exchange 
 of $6,265,000. 
 
 Panama City, the capital of this little Re- 
 public, is of course nearing the hour when 
 she will be the mistress of ports on the Pa- 
 cific Ocean, both in North and South Ameri- 
 ca. It has at present a population of little 
 more than forty thousand, but is enjoying a 
 rapid growth. 
 
 Colon, the Atlantic entrance to the Canal, 
 is a city of about twenty thousand; while 
 Cristobal, its twin sister just across the line 
 on American territory, swells the population 
 to about thirty thousand. 
 
 The possibilites for missionary work here 
 on the Isthmus, particularly in the cities of 
 Panama and Colon will undoubtedly be the 
 greatest of any one place on the earth after 
 the Canal has been opened. What a golden
 
 12 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 opportunity to scatter religious literature to 
 the ends of the earth by handing it out on 
 vessels as they go through this public high- 
 way. Lovers of the Bible and salvation 
 should see to it that godly men and women 
 are stationed here to scatter tracts and 
 preach Jesus to the passersby. 
 
 Midnight, February First. 
 
 It is Sunday at midnight. The Government 
 Theater has just closed and carriages are 
 passing by the dozen with the poor horses 
 being whipped into a hard run up the paved 
 streets. 
 
 I preached three times today and the con- 
 viction by His Spirit was glorious; many 
 sought the Lord, all of them grown men and 
 women. More than thirty promised to per- 
 sonally invite at least 25 each to the meet- 
 ings. 
 
 Ten minutes before the evening service, 
 two bands gathered in opposite sections of 
 the city and marched to the church singing. 
 We could not give standing room for those 
 who came. 
 
 On my way home I passed many places 
 where public dances were going on, and ev- 
 ery few doors the saloons were doing busi- 
 ness as on a holiday. There is no Sunday 
 here. This month a "Bull Ring" is to be
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 13 
 
 opened where the old Spanish bull fights will 
 be held. 
 
 Last night two men were shot down on 
 the street. The night before that a Roman 
 Catholic priest was tried for killing a man in 
 his own home. The evidence showed he had 
 seduced several girls, one being the niece of 
 a wealthy man. This man asked the Rever- 
 end Father not to come to the house any 
 more. 
 
 It was shown in court that the priest had 
 threatened more than once, in the presence 
 of others, to kill him, and finally did, but was 
 freed. 
 
 I would suggest that the Bible is what the 
 place needs. Pray that He will help us give 
 its account of salvation. 
 
 Excommunication to the Fifth Generation. 
 
 Our meeting had gained considerable inter- 
 est; a few hundred people had knelt in the 
 altar seeking Jesus, when one day the train 
 arrived with about a dozen "monks." 
 
 The reader may not know that the monk 
 is an order of men in the Roman church, 
 which is much the same in ranking as that 
 of the nun. The monk spends all his time 
 for the church. His work may call him to 
 the garden to hoe, or in the homes of the peo- 
 ple to visit, and if possible to undo the work
 
 14 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 of the Protestants. They are poorly dressed 
 and wear sandals instead of shoes. 
 
 During these meetings referred to, many 
 Romanists seemed to be slipping away to 
 the Protestants. The monks were brought 
 to do "much needed" visiting, and visit they 
 did. They had women and children help them, 
 and the "visiting" began in earnest. Those 
 who had been attending the meetings or 
 sending their children to the school of the 
 missionaries, were all taken in turn. They 
 made fun of us, lied on us, threatened us, 
 argued with the natives, making them offers 
 if they would give it all up ; and then at last 
 informed them that the pope was going to 
 write all of them three letters which would 
 be read in the various Roman churches and 
 circulated. 
 
 If, after these three letters, they did not 
 cease attending the Protestant meetings, and 
 did not take their children out of the Protest- 
 ant schools, then the pope would curse them 
 to the fifth generation, excommunicate them 
 for five generations i. e., fix things up so it 
 would be impossible for them, their children 
 and grandchildren down to the fifth genera- 
 tion to escape hell and get to heaven. 
 
 We were in this place a year before, and 
 saw many saved who are now standing true ; 
 but we remembered one boy who at that time
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 15 
 
 was very active. The priests labored with 
 him and his father; they threatened and ar- 
 gued; then finally they began bidding. The 
 father was out of work, so they gave him a 
 position and put the boy in school. Now he 
 shuns the missionaries on the streets. 
 
 A great temptation could be removed both 
 from the children and parents in these coun- 
 tries by providing scholarships at a small 
 cost for the children. Then when a family 
 or any member of it begins to attend gospel 
 meetings the cudgel of their children's edu- 
 cation could not be drawn on them. 
 
 The poor natives in the place referred to 
 need our prayers. The threat of one who 
 claims to occupy the place of Jesus Christ is 
 that he will see to it that they and their 
 children down to the fifth generation, all go 
 to hell unless they cease to hear the gospel 
 preached and take the children out of the 
 Protestant schools. 
 
 Roman Inconsistencies. 
 
 It is often hard to decide which is the most 
 important, the Roman church in her endeav- 
 or to secure money and prestige, or the fa- 
 vors shown by authorities of the United 
 States government in order to secure the 
 political patronage of this organization. The 
 average Protestant, and in fact, thousands 
 

 
 16 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 of American Romanists, could scarcely ac- 
 cept as facts the unreasonable actions resort- 
 ed to by this church. 
 
 In conversation with the son of an ex- 
 president of one of the Latin-American Re- 
 publics, he spoke of the various days in 
 which they were required by the priest to ab- 
 stain from meats. But the young man laugh- 
 ed and declared it was an easy matter to set- 
 tle the meat question on the holy days when 
 they were expected to abstain. "All we need 
 to do," he said, "is to go to the priest with a 
 small amount of money and he tells us we 
 can eat anything we want." 
 
 The tourists visiting Panama City will find 
 at one end of Central Plaza an imposing 
 building which is the Bishop's palace. A 
 large part of this palace is given over to 
 the Panama Lottery for their head of- 
 fices. The sign is stretched across the front 
 of the building. It is no secret whatever, but 
 is commonly reported that the church re- 
 ferred to received more than 25 per cent of 
 the proceeds of this immense lottery busi- 
 ness. In the cities of Panama and Colon, 
 through a single square of the business sec- 
 tions one will pass from one to a half dozen 
 venders selling lottery tickets. 
 
 But the United States authorities here are 
 just about as inconsistent, seemingly, as this
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 17 
 
 church. As the canal is nearing completion 
 it has been necessary to drop a great many 
 of the employees. Among those it seemed 
 best to dismiss some of the chaplains em- 
 ployed by the United States during the build- 
 ing of the canal. According to the statement 
 of those who ought to know, we learn that 
 fully four-fifths of the people on the Canal 
 Zone are Protestants. But while discontinu- 
 ing the service of a number of chaplains, two 
 Roman Catholic priests and one Episcopalian 
 clergyman were retained. The Roman Cath- 
 olics en the Isthmus will represent, as stated, 
 about one-fifth of the population, yet there 
 were two priests retained and only one Pro- 
 testant. We are told that the Baptists, Meth- 
 odists and Presbyterians compose fully three- 
 fifths of the people, but these churches are 
 not represented at all by a chaplain. 
 
 There is certainly a cause for this incon- 
 sistency and the only one apparent is that 
 the ninety per cent, of Protestants in the 
 United States do not clamor as loudly for fa- 
 vors as the ten per cent, of Romanists. 
 
 The Results. 
 
 The Campaign on the Isthmus of Panama 
 was a most blessed victory in every respect. 
 In the city of Panama the meetings were 
 held in the new church we had helped them
 
 18 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 to build since we were there one year before. 
 The crowds were large, interest deep, and 
 hundreds sought the Lord. 
 
 In order to have services in Colon we had 
 to build a place for the meetings. 
 
 Colon is the city at the Atlantic entrance 
 of the Panama Canal. Cristobal is the Amer- 
 ican part of what is really the same city. 
 Colon has a population of 18,000 or 20,000 
 people; Cristobal is just "across the street" 
 and being a part of the same city, increases 
 its population to perhaps 30,000. 
 
 While laboring on the Isthmus of Panama 
 one year ago we became interested in Colon 
 and found the Missionary Superintendent, 
 with whom we were working, much burden- 
 ed for Colon. He told us upon our return this 
 winter, that the Panama Railroad Company 
 had given him valuable lots for a church and 
 parsonage. The lots are located on one of 
 the principal corners of the city. They had 
 been given on condition that a building be 
 erected on them soon. A year has passed 
 and they were wanting the lots or a church 
 begun. We found the interest of the Super- 
 intendent greater than our own. 
 
 To our amazement, we found that though 
 it was a city as described, of perhaps 30,000 
 inhabitants, there was no work at all being 
 done for the native Spanish people. We saw
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 19 
 
 at once not only an opportunity to preach 
 the Gospel in a church there, but to preach it 
 to two churches or congregations, English 
 and Spanish. 
 
 The superintendent said : "Bro. Taylor, you 
 must not leave the Isthmus without holding 
 a meeting in Colon, so we can start a work 
 over there." But how could we when there 
 was no building? 
 
 After looking the field over we decided to 
 put up the frame of a building and cover it 
 in order to provide a shed for the meeting. 
 This we did and held the meeting in it, with- 
 out the sides or floor being put in. The ex- 
 pense was $366.31, including good second- 
 hand seats. 
 
 All that is necessary now to have a good 
 mission building is to weatherboard it and 
 put in a concrete floor. Material is very dear, 
 but the missionaries will do most of the 
 work. Six hundred dollars we believe will get 
 the material to finish it. This will m-aVe the 
 building cost about $1,000.00, not including 
 the free labor. 
 
 The revival has been held. The first ser- 
 vice was on Saturday night, when we saw fif- 
 teen people kneel in the altar seeking Jesus 
 under this shed. The interest continued; 
 many professed to find their Christ.
 
 20 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 In order to help conserve the work of the 
 meetings we felt led of the Lord to put two 
 men and their wives, and one Bible woman 
 to work under the superintendent of this 
 mission. We have also greatly desired to 
 have the privilege of sending a young woman 
 from Indiana, who is a Deaconess and a 
 school teacher. We will then be able to pro- 
 ceed with the churches and two schools, both 
 being taught in English and Spanish, thus 
 accommodating the West Indian and the 
 native Panamanian children.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 21 
 
 CHAPTER TWO 
 Colombia. 
 
 Colombia, like Venezuela, is in a backward 
 state as touching education and evangelism. 
 The missionary work is indeed a very lim- 
 ited one. So far as we have been able to 
 learn, the Presbyterians are carrying on the 
 only work in Colombia that amounts to 
 much. We have learned of two independent 
 missionaries from an organization in Kansas 
 City, who are located in Cali, near the west 
 coast. And Rev. William Cocking, representa- 
 tive of the American Bible Society, works in 
 various parts of the republic as a colporteur. 
 
 This is the only country of South America 
 that extends from the Atlantic to the Pa- 
 cific. The area of Colombia is equal to that 
 of Texas, Kansas, Arkansas and Louisiana. 
 The population is nearly four and one-half 
 million, and her foreign trade is valued at 
 about twenty-six million dollars. 
 
 The leading exports are coffee, cattle, 
 hides, rubber, tobacco, ivory nuts and mineral 
 products. It is believed by many that the 
 recent gold discoveries will sooner or later 
 make Colombia one, if not the first, gold pro- 
 ducing country in South America.
 
 22 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 Bogota, the capital, is nine thousand feet 
 above the sea level, and a most picturesque 
 city. It has a population of 150,000 and is 
 noted -for its culture and refinement. In this 
 great country, with her wonderful natural 
 resources, there is less than 600 miles of rail- 
 road. 
 
 Down through the Cauca Valley, from the 
 Magdalena River to the Ecuadorian border, 
 which is back from the Pacific coast a few 
 days travel, there are cities ranging in pop- 
 ulation from ten to forty thousand. Very few 
 of these have been touched by Protestant 
 missionaries or even colporteurs of the Bible 
 societies. Christian people should definitely 
 pray the Lord of the harvest to send forth 
 reapers to needy, neglected Colombia. 
 
 Buenaventura. 
 
 This caption, translated into English, 
 means "Good Venture" or "Good For- 
 tune". Just why it has this name we cannot 
 understand unless it has had a history not 
 indicated by conditions. 
 
 Buenaventura is the first call our steamer 
 made after leaving Panama going down the 
 coast of South America. It is only about for- 
 ty-eight hours from Panama and is one of the 
 principal Pacific ports in Colombia, being the
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 23 
 
 port of entry for the great Cauca Valley in 
 which are located several large cities. 
 
 Buenaventura has a beautiful harbor, be- 
 ing on the "Choco Bay", which is generally 
 called by the name of the town itself, "Bay of 
 Buenaventura". The bay is eight miles long 
 from the point of land, but for steamers to 
 enter and leave, another eight miles must 
 be added before deep water is reached. The 
 harbor is really the mouth of Rio Dagua, 
 the largest of eight or ten rivers which emp- 
 ty into it. 
 
 Our little ship, the "Manave" the oldest 
 on this coast could only go within about a 
 mile of the town. Here we discharged the 
 cargo into large "lighters." Buenaventura 
 is really built on an island. They claim a 
 population of 6,000, but we failed to see 
 where they lived Most of the houses are 
 covered with trash ; dirty pools of water and 
 other filth stand in the streets, and mosqui- 
 toes are plentiful. 
 
 The natives are mostly black, being de- 
 scendants of slaves once owned by the Span- 
 iards in the Cauca Valley. 
 
 A government railroad runs back from this 
 port, toward the valley referred to, which is 
 said to be one of the most fertile on earth. 
 I learned that they have been at work on this
 
 24 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 railroad for forty years and six months, and 
 only have 47 1-2 miles completed sufficiently 
 for the operation of trains. From the end of 
 this road it is a day and a half by mule to 
 the city of Cali, a flourishing place of about 
 30,000 people, right in the midst of this fer- 
 tile valley. Palmyra, a city of 14,000, is only 
 three hours on muleback from Cali. Popayan 
 is three days by mule, or about sixty miles 
 from Cali, and has a population of 25,000. 
 Manizales is a city of 45,000, also located in 
 this section of Colombia. 
 
 After inquiring of the Roman Priests and 
 Protestant traveling men, we were able to 
 learn of only two Protestant misionaries 
 working in all this vast region. They are 
 located in Cali, representing a small inde- 
 pendent organization. 
 
 While in Buenaventura we called on the 
 Roman priests. The one in charge was a fat, 
 filthy man with a real animal look. We sold 
 some copies of the New Testament and gave 
 out a large number of tracts to the natives. 
 Men, women and children ran after us beg- 
 ging for them. When we offered them the 
 Testaments they would inquire, "Are those 
 prohibited books?" Bro. Compton, our inter- 
 preter, answered by asking, "How can they 
 be prohibited books, being the words of Je- 
 sus?"
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 25 
 
 The poverty is fearful. We saw two moth- 
 ers, each nursing a pair of twins, and in both 
 cases they were lying on the bare floor with 
 only a very few rags about them. It was 
 pitiful to hear their answers, when we hand- 
 ed them the tracts, asking, "Can you read ?" 
 
 The priest told us the morals of the peo- 
 ple were very bad. He said there was a law 
 that they must marry, but the people would 
 not live by it. He did not, of course, tell us 
 that he himself was not living by it, and 
 would not marry others unless they paid him 
 a large sum of money. 
 
 Though the natural wealth of this country 
 is fabulous, we find as the fruit of 400 years 
 of Romanism, poverty, ignorance, impurity, 
 no knowledge of God, and no Bible to read. 
 
 They NEED the Bible and a Missionary.
 
 26 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 CHAPTER THREE 
 Ecuador. 
 
 This South American Republic gets its 
 name from its situation. And yet such a 
 large proportion has a high elevation that it 
 has a temperate as well as tropical climate. 
 Ecuador has an area of possibly 116,000 
 square miles, which is equal to that of the 
 states of Missouri and Arkansas. It has a 
 long coast line on the Pacific ocean. The 
 principal port of entry is Guayaquil, which 
 furnishes one of the finest ports of the west- 
 ern coast. But for lack of sanitation it has 
 been looked upon for years as a veritable 
 graveyard. Plans are now on foot for its san- 
 itation. In fact, the contract was let about 
 the time of our first visit to Ecuador. Many 
 people have very little faith in the undertak- 
 ing, but it is quite possible it will be carried 
 through on account of the fact that the Uni- 
 ted States Government proposes to quaran- 
 tine the Canal Zone against Ecuador unless 
 Guayaquil is cleaned up. 
 
 It was very common to walk down 
 the principal streets and find pools of water 
 extending nearly across, and covered with a 
 green scum. In other streets not so promi- 
 nent we are sure it would be impossible, es-
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 27 
 
 pecially during the rainy season, to drive a 
 two-wheeled cart through. We saw dead ( 
 animals lying in the streets, and there was 
 seemingly no thought of ever removing them. 
 
 There is very little being done in Guaya- 
 quil for the salvation of the people. In fact, 
 Ecuador as a whole is at the present being 
 largely left alone. 
 
 A remarkable railroad has been recently 
 completed which surmounted great physical 
 difficulties, and now carries the weary trav- 
 eler from Guayaquil to Quito, the capital. On 
 the journey the road rises to an elevation of 
 12,000 feet, then a time or two descends to 
 eight or nine thousand, finally reaching the 
 capital at an elevation of nearly ten thousand. 
 Quito is a city of between eighty and a hun- 
 dred thousand people, while the whole Re- ( 
 public of Ecuador has a population of a lit- | / 
 tie more than 1,500,000. 
 
 Ecuador's foreign trade is valued at about 
 $22,000,000. About $6,000,000 of this 
 amount is with the United States. The prin- 
 cipal articles of export are cacao (in which 
 she exceeds all other South American coun- 
 tries) ; ivory__nuts. the famous "jipi-japa" 
 hats, known commercially as Panamas, rub- 
 Jker, coffee, gold and hides. 
 
 The population is largely Indian, this hav- 
 ing been part of the old Inca Peruvian Em- 
 pire before the conquest.
 
 28 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 ESMERALDAS. 
 The Revolution 
 
 Just across the Ecuadorian border our first 
 call was at Esmeraldas, but we were not able 
 to go ashore or even receive or discharge 
 cargo or mail. The revolution being led by 
 General Concha had been on for more than 
 three months, and this was Concha's head- 
 quarters. His men were well intrenched all 
 along the coast. 
 
 An Ecuadorian man-of-war, a vessel pre- 
 sented to them by Chile, was anchored in the 
 harbor to help the president, General Plaza, 
 who had left the capital and gone out in per- 
 son to conduct the war. Our vessel communi- 
 cated with the warship and took aboard some 
 wounded and sick to carry back to Guayaquil. 
 
 General Plaza had gone a little further 
 north to Limon with his army, intending to 
 march south and take Esmeraldas, but we 
 understood that several hundred soldiers with 
 their guns and ammunition had gone over to 
 the rebel leader, who had won every engage- 
 ment that far. 
 
 The war-cry of the Revolutionists seemed 
 to be 'vengeance for Alfaro.' Of Alfaro's cru- 
 el death we will write elsewhere. The barba- 
 rous tribes in Central Africa one hundred 
 years ago could not outdo it for bloody cruel-
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 29 
 
 ty. According to information given us, Pres- 
 ident Alfaro was beheaded at the order of 
 General Plaza, the present president. 
 
 The Spanish have a proverb, "He that lives 
 by the knife shall also die by the knife." This 
 proverb is much like God's word which says, 
 "Whatsoever a man soweth that shall he also 
 reap." Because of this fearful truth we pre- 
 dict the downfall of the Plaza government. It 
 may not come just now, but it is certain to 
 come soon. 
 
 The reader, who has never been in these 
 countries to see for himself, cannot possibly 
 draw even a mental picture of what one of 
 these armies looks like. The soldiers ae, as 
 a rule, mere boys, mostly ragged and bare- 
 footed. They go to war either because they 
 are forced to go, or because of promises of 
 all they can get when they "sack a town," or 
 promises of position when victory and peace 
 are gained. 
 
 We have just heard that the boys from the 
 military school were taken by the president 
 from the capital to Guayaquil on the promise 
 that they were going for a picnic. Upon ar- 
 riving at Guayaquil they were put on board a 
 vessel, and when they asked what it meant, 
 were told that they were off to the war. 
 These are mere school boys.
 
 30 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 The sad part about these revolutions is 
 that, as a rule, there is very little moral 
 principle being fought for on either side. It 
 is simply the selfish ambition of certain men 
 to get to the front. The Jesuit priests are 
 known by all who have studied them, read 
 their oaths and watched the countries under 
 their baneful influence, to be the greatest in- 
 \ stigators of war on earth. 
 
 Add to this the fact of the awful ignorance 
 prevailing where Romanism has kept educa- 
 tion from the people for nearly four hundred 
 years, and it is easy to see how they will 
 fight on any pretense. The one who is vic- 
 torious will not be able to find men he can 
 (depend upon for his places of trust. 
 The lack of character, which can only be 
 produced by the reading and influence of the 
 word of God, is very much manifested in 
 these countries. Their only hope is the grand 
 Old Book. 
 
 The Bull Fights. 
 
 Five men and one woman were the profes- 
 sional bull fighters who killed the six bulls 
 on Sunday afternoon. This was done to the 
 delight of several thousand people. Among 
 them, fathers with their children and moth- 
 ers with little girls. All of them cheered 
 loudly when a spike with a flag on it, or a
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 31 
 
 sword was stuck into a bull to bring the 
 blood and make him suffer. 
 
 For the pleasure of the crowd, only one 
 bull is let in the ring at a time. He comes 
 with a small flag or colored paper nailed to 
 his back by a spike driven right into the 
 flesh. He is already angry, and when the 
 door is thrown open he rushes in with his 
 head in the air ready to fight for his lib- 
 erty. 
 
 The "ring" is about 150 feet in diameter. 
 The seats extend all the way around it, the 
 first being 12 or 15 feet above the ground. 
 About every 50 feet, heavy posts are put up 
 and a strong wall is built about 15 inches 
 from the main wall just high enough to reach 
 a man's chin. Eight of these are placed at 
 regular distances around the ring so the bull 
 fighters can run behind them for protection 
 and the enraged animal cannot get at them 
 with his head and horns. 
 
 Perhaps the reader does not know that a 
 bull, when making a charge, sees his object, 
 then shuts his eyes, and makes his charge. 
 When he enters the ring, the band is play- 
 ing; thousands of people are cheering, and 
 scattered about over the ring are the fight- 
 ers. They are all guadily dressed in 
 tights, and carrying large flags or 
 cloaks, principally of red ; these they wave
 
 32 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 in the air. Finally one will make a dash for 
 the bull's head, stop within a few feet of him 
 and wave the red cloak in a daring manner; 
 dropping his head, the bull makes a desperate 
 dash, closes his eyes and the fighter steps a 
 few inches to one side and allows the cloth 
 to drop over his head. The animal will whirl 
 and make another dash, but this trained 
 fighter tantalizes him until the other five run 
 up and attract his attention. The bugle 
 sounds and one of the fighters rushes out 
 with two sticks, two feet long, covered with 
 colored paper or ribbons and a spike in one 
 end. He must stick both of these 
 spikes (one in each hand) into the animal 
 near the shoulders and must do it by reach- 
 ing over the head while the bull is charging. 
 At times he will sit on a chair and tantalize 
 the animal until it charges on him. Just as 
 he is about to plunge, the man springs to his 
 feet and strikes the spikes into the flesh of 
 this poor dumb brute. As he rushes off bel- 
 lowing and writhing with pain, this cham- 
 pion (?) lifts his hat and bows with a smile 
 to the cheering crowd of men, women and 
 children. Of course the blood is running down 
 the animal's sides, but the more blood, the 
 more pleasure. 
 
 Once in a while one of the fighters is pick- 
 ed up on the horns of the bull, but when he
 
 is again on his feet another wild cheer is 
 heard. The spike and flag act is repeated un- 
 til six of them have been planted in the flesh 
 of this suffering animal. The blood by this 
 time is very conspicuous. At another sound 
 of the bugle, the champion for that particular 
 bull, steps out with his sword and throws his 
 cap aside. He carries with his sword a small 
 red cloth with which to fool the animal, for 
 he must put the sword in to the hilt. It must 
 enter the animal between his shoulders and 
 run down 2 1-2 to 3 feet to the heart. He 
 must be in front of the bull's head when the 
 stroke is made and the animal must be mak- 
 ing a charge. 
 
 When this instrument of death enters, the 
 blood flies even from the mouth and nose of 
 the bull, and if it does not pierce the heart 
 and prove instant death, he charges about 
 after them with the blood flying. By this 
 time the crowd is almost hysterical; the de- 
 light is past expression. Little girls from 
 four to twelve years of age, clap their hands 
 and cry with pleasure. When the animal 
 falls, a team of horses is rushed in, hitched 
 to him and sent out at a gallop. By that time 
 the waiting crowd of well dressed people are 
 crying and calling for another. 
 
 While in South America we have visited 
 places where the city government owns the 
 public bull ring, and in it on holidays, they
 
 34 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 furnish the bulls and have a "public" or 
 "free bull fight." Everybody is admitted to 
 the ring and any one who cares to do so, can 
 to.rture and kill the bull. At these fights, it 
 is not uncommon to see children, women or 
 men going into the air from the horns of 
 the bull. A party converted in our meeting 
 told us of a "public bull fight". They saw 
 a drunken man rush into the ring. The bull 
 gored him and when he fell from the horns 
 of the animal, he was practically disembowel- 
 ed, and in that condition he lifted his hat to 
 the crowd while they cheered, and fell dead. 
 
 Read the oath of a Jesuit priest and the 
 Knights of Columbus, the only secret order 
 in the Roman church. Then remember that 
 the book teaching "Blessed are the merci- 
 ful" and containing the 13th chapter of 
 I Corinthians has been kept away from this 
 people for nearly 400 years and this love for 
 cruelty and suffering can be understood. We 
 have seen them when driving cattle to the 
 slaughter, take a sharp knife and plunge it 
 in the animal and then laugh as it gave ex- 
 pression to the suffering. 
 
 Mercy and love are not in any way made a 
 part of the religion of this people. Ninety- 
 nine out of every one hundred mentioned in 
 these lines are members of the Roman Cath- 
 olic church. They have had Romanism for 
 over 300 years. They need now the Gospel 
 of Jesus Christ.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 35 
 
 CHAPTER FOUR 
 Callao, Peru. 
 
 Our journey from Guayaquil, Ecuador, re- 
 quired eight days. During this time our boat 
 was constantly stopping at various ports in 
 Peru, loading sugar and other articles. At 
 four or five places we took on cattle until 
 there were nearly five hundred head on the 
 vessel. The cattle were brought out to the 
 ship in big flat boats called "lighters", out of 
 which they were lifted by the ship's derrick. 
 Sometimes they put the ropes around the 
 horns and pulled them up in that way. When 
 they are once on the vessel the man in charge 
 takes after them with a pole which has a 
 sharp spike in the end. The treatment of 
 these poor dumb brutes is cruel in the ex- 
 treme. 
 
 The entire coast line of Peru from Ecuador 
 down to Chile, is perfectly barren. We were 
 told that it is common to build houses with- 
 out a roof, except some trash thrown over 
 to keep the sun out, for it seldom rains there. 
 In fact, we saw nice houses in Callao and 
 Lima built practically in the same way, for 
 they had only cane or bamboo plastered over 
 with mud. I was told by a missionary, who
 
 36 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 entertained us in a house of this kind, that 
 they did have a shower once and the water 
 came right through. 
 
 In spite of the absence of rain, much of 
 the territory back from the coast is made to 
 produce by means of irrigation. Wherever a 
 stream can be found, ditches are cut to carry 
 it around the side of the mountain. They 
 throw up the ground in terraces so it can be 
 flooded with water and the land is thus made 
 very productive. 
 
 We arrived in Callao on Friday morning 
 and went at once to the home of Rev^_Arch- 
 ejrd. superintendent of the Methodist Mission- 
 ary work. We found they had made arrange- 
 ments to entertain us during our stay in the 
 city. After getting located, we went out to 
 call on the native pastor, Rev. Adolfo Vas- 
 ques. He asked us to take the service that 
 night, as it was their regular prayer meet- 
 ing. We did so with pleasure. 
 
 The attendance at this prayer meeting was 
 not as good as usual, but there were several 
 more people at prayer meeting than they 
 have members in the church. The Lord was 
 pleased to add His blessings to the message 
 and we saw seventeen people kneel in the 
 altar when we invited them forward for 
 prayer.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 37 
 
 Callao is the principal port of Peru, and 
 is only about eight miles from the capital, 
 Lima. The glory of Roman Catholicism here, 
 like all coast towns and cities, is waning. All 
 points exposed to the outside world lose 
 much of their superstition as the light and 
 intelligence breaks in upon them. I find the 
 I railroads have much the same effect. 
 
 The only thing of interest to a tourist in 
 Callao is the ruins of the old fort of St. Phil- 1 
 lip, the last building where the flag of Spain 
 floated on the main land of the new world. 
 
 We continued the work in Callao for five 
 nights, and on Sunday we preached to an 
 English congregation at 10:30 a. m. The in- 
 terest in the Spanish services increased until 
 the last ; we never had less than 25 in the al- 
 tar after the first night, and generally it was 
 thirty or thirty-five. The meeting continued 
 after we sailed, but the Methodist pastor had 
 already received the names of more than for- 
 ty who wanted to become members of his 
 church before we left. 
 
 The superintendent told us if we could 
 continue the work for ten days or two weeks 
 he felt certain a few hundred would be led 
 to the Lord. Our time was limited and we 
 were compelled to sail on Wednesday.
 
 38 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 Lima, Capital of Peru. 
 
 Lima was founded on June 6th, 1535, by) 
 Pizarro, the discoverer of the great Inca Em- 
 pire. This being a great day with the Ro- 
 man Catholics, called the "day of the kings," 
 Pizarro named his new capital "Ciudad de 
 Los Reyes", or "City of the Kings". But the 
 name was soon dropped by the natives, and 
 during the first century after it was founded 
 the name was changed to Lima. "It stands 
 in a wide flat valley, guarded by steep moun- 
 tains to the north, on both banks of the broad 
 stony bed of the Rimac, a large part of whose 
 waters has been diverted for irrigation. 
 
 "Except where this river water has made 
 cultivation possible, the plain is bare, being 
 part of the coastal desert. The high range 
 of hills already mentioned guards the city on 
 the north and runs out to sea on the north- 
 west. Lofty spurs of the Andes are visible, 
 to the east, but for much of the year the 
 clouds hang so low that the hills are hardly 
 part of the landscape and the great peaks 
 are seldom seen. 
 
 "As in most Spanish-American cities, the 
 /streets are narrow and straight, cutting one 
 'another at right angles. One is at first sur- 
 prised to find the houses extremely low, many 
 of one-story and hardly any (save a few new
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 39 
 
 residences on the outskirts) exceeding two 
 stories, and to be told that they are built of 
 bricks, or more commonly of cane and reeds \ 
 plastered with mud. It is commonly said that 
 in Lima a burglar needs nothing more than a \ 
 bowl of water and a sponge to soften the f 
 plaster, and a knife to cut the canes. But 
 the reason is apparent when one remembers 
 that no place on the West coast has suffered 
 more from earthquakes." 
 
 Lima is about eight miles from Callao, the 
 port of entry, and can be reached by electric 
 cars running every six minutes, and by 
 steam cars every twenty minutes. They claim 
 a population of 150,000 and in many respects 
 it is a beautiful city. Like all Spanish cities 
 in South America, it is laid out with many J 
 plazas parks. 
 
 We visited many places of interest to a 
 Christian. The old Inquisition Hall still 
 stands and is now being used for the Senate 
 Chamber. In going through this horrible 
 blood chamber, we saw the very door that 
 swung there in the sixteenth century when 
 the holy (?) priests were using the place as 
 a court room in which to try "heretics". This 
 door has a hole in it where the witnesses 
 could stand on the outside and testify 
 through it, for they did not have to go in to 
 the trial in order to give testimony.
 
 40 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 Then there was the place where the "here- 
 tic" stood while being tried. In those days, 
 just in front of the accused one stood a very 
 large image of Christ. After the evidence 
 was given and these holy (?) representatives 
 of Jesus Christ had learned how much money 
 the accused would pay the holy (?) church 
 to be forgiven, they then asked the image 
 of Jesus whether or not the accused should 
 be burned, in reply to which the image either 
 nodded or shook its head. 
 
 When the work of the Inquisition was stop- 
 ped by the government they found an under- 
 ground passage to the place from the Mon- 
 asteries of the city, and under the floor there 
 was an opening into this large image, so a 
 priest could climb into it at the trials, and 
 nod or shake the head to suit the purpose. 
 
 From the Inquisition Hall we went down 
 the street to the large Plaza in front of the 
 Cathedral, where the condemned "heretic" 
 was chained to the stake and burned. The 
 buildings surrounding the plaza on two sides 
 have balconies, or second story porches, 
 where the wealthy society ladies would gath- 
 er and witness the burning of the "heretics." 
 
 Facing this Plaza is the old church said to 
 have been built by Pizarro at the time Lima 
 was founded. Going through an iron gate 
 into a side room near one of the principal al-
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 41 
 
 tars we found a glass case with a skeleton 
 in it, which they claim are the bones of Pi- 
 zarro, the discoverer of Peru. 
 
 Only a few days before we visited Lima, 
 the authorities discovered the bones of 85 
 children in an old Catholic church, and only 
 a few months before this the bones of 200 
 children were found in the old Santo Do- 
 mingo church across the river in the older 
 part of Lima. We went over to see this 
 church and took a picture of it. To find the 
 bones of children and even of grown people, 
 about Roman churches, Monasteries and Con- 
 vents, is a very common thing. We reached 
 La Paz, Bolivia, just a few days after the 
 bones were discovered at the door of an old 
 church or convent, and saw the men digging 
 where the bones had been found. 
 
 The only Christian work being conducted 
 in Lima is by the Methodist church and the 
 Evangelical Union of South America. The 
 Methodists have a good school and two 
 churches. The Evangelical Union has a school 
 and one church. Since our work in Callao was 
 with the Methodists, we held services in Lima 
 with the Evangelical Union. 
 
 In our opinion the opportunities for real 
 evangelistic work in Lima, like Callao, are 
 limitless.
 
 42 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 Cuzco, the Old Inca Capital. 
 
 The journey from Arequipa to Cuzco re- 
 quires two days on the fast train. The jour- 
 ney is broken in Juliaca, where we spend the 
 night. The train does not run at night. Leav- 
 ing Arequipa at an elevation of about 8,000 
 feet, we arrive in Cuzco at an altitude of 
 about 12,000 feet. 
 
 This is, in all probability, the oldest city 
 in the western Hemisphere. Various writers 
 differ as to the age of this ancient Inca cap- 
 ital, but most all agree that it dates back at 
 least 300 years before the Spanish conquest 
 of 1532-40. While it is believed to have been 
 1,000 years old when discovered and conquer- 
 ed by Pizarro. 
 
 While Cuzco is the oldest of any city in 
 either of the Americas, it is no doubt the 
 filthiest, for it is said by South Americans to 
 be such. Of its sanitation we cannot speak. 
 The morals of the place keep close pace with 
 the sanitation. We doubt if there is a more 
 destitute place in all of North or South 
 America. Dr. Fenn, the missionary, is doing 
 a good solid work in the place, but there is 
 little hope of success by any one under the 
 present circumstances, for a very small per 
 cent, of the people can read. 
 
 Some of the conquerors who went in with 
 Pizarro declared the Indian population of this
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 43 
 
 old capital reached 200,000, while the sub- 
 urbs would total another 200,000. The tens 
 of thousands who were slaughtered by the| 
 Spanish while the Roman priests urged them 
 on can hardly be imagined. 
 
 The old Peruvian Empire stretched over all 
 the present republics of Peru, Bolivia, Ecua- 
 dor and northern Chile. Cuzco was the cap- 
 ital. These are spoken of as the Inca Indians 
 because of the name of the ruler. The king 
 of the Empire was called the "Inca". But the 
 great nation, with a population variously es- 
 timated at 10,000,000 to 40,000,000, was 
 made up of various nations of Indians who 
 were conquered from time to time by the 
 Inca and his trained armies. Great royal 
 roads extended out through the empire, all of 
 them running into the capital city. These 
 roads were not built for carriages, but for 
 the footmen and the llama. In many places 
 the ascent or descent of a steep mountain 
 was by stone steps cut in the cliffs. The civ- 
 ilization of this people is a wonder to all who 
 come in touch with it. In religion they were 
 very earnest Sun worshippers. The land of 
 the old Peruvian Empire has never been so 
 scientifically tilled as they did it. Their sys- 
 tem of irrigation is a wonder today. From / 
 lakes and rivers far up in the Andes they 
 brought water to the desert districts near the
 
 44 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 coast. These aqueducts, at times 3x6 feet, 
 were cut through solid stone on the moun- 
 tain sides ; at times they tunneled the moun- 
 tains, and built the canals across rivers and 
 mountain torrents. Some of these aqueducts 
 remain today. 
 
 Many mountains were terraced clear up 
 to the snow line; each wall being built of 
 stone. At the foot of the mountain they pro- 
 duced tropical vegetation; half way up the 
 plant life changed, and near the top they 
 grew what we have in our most northern 
 climates. 
 
 The "Inca" and all the "Blood Royal" which 
 numbered many thousands, lived in real pa- 
 gan Indian luxury and splendor. Gold was 
 common ; silver they had in abundance. The 
 royal family used gold vessels; the throne 
 \ of the Inca was pure gold. The temple of the 
 ^ sun was richly decorated with pure gold, its 
 value amounting to millions of dollars. 
 . Strange to say, they had not in all their 
 civilization discovered the iron and its use. 
 Yet their art as stone masons is not equalled 
 perhaps on earth. While in Cuzco we visited 
 the ruins of old palaces, forts and the old 
 temple of the Sun. The Santo Domingo 
 church of the Roman Catholics is built on the 
 walls and ruins of the old temple. We went 
 through it and carefully examined the
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 45 
 
 walls. The stones are all put together with- 
 out mortar, and the joints are indeed perfect. 
 We had read that the joints could be cover- 
 ed by the edge of a knife blade. This we 
 tried by taking the thin edge of our knife 
 blade and putting it on the joints. 
 
 One marvelous thing about the stone work 
 is the fact that the stones are not squared 
 up. The face of the stone is dressed up, or 
 generally left in an oval shape, and rather 
 rough, except at the edge where the joint 
 is to be made; but where the other stones 
 join it is so smooth that the contact is per- 
 fect. We saw one stone with twelve cor- 
 ners, but the others fit right to it at every 
 point. 
 
 The old fort is one of the wonders to all 
 who visit Cuzco. It is located on a high and 
 steep spur of the mountain overlooking the 
 city. The location is such that on one occa- 
 sion the Indians held the fort after the city 
 had been captured, and their slaughter of 
 the Spaniards by hurling stones down on the 
 city from the fort was tremendous. 
 
 After a hard climb we finally reached the 
 back of the fort, which is the front so 
 far as the enemy would be concerned. It 
 would be impossible to take it from the side 
 next to the city as the mountain is so steep. 
 On the other side it faces a level place of con-
 
 46 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 siderable distance. Here we found the great 
 Inca stone work. The fort has three walls, 
 each of them several hundred feet in length. 
 The distance between the walls is perhaps 
 15 to 25 feet, each one rising above the other. 
 
 The size of the stone used in these im- 
 mense walls is almost unbelievable. Some of 
 them we measured; one which was in a cor- 
 ner with two sides exposed, we found to be 
 seven feet wide on one side and nine feet on 
 the other, while it was more than twenty feet 
 above the ground, and no doubt several feet 
 beneath. Among others larger than 
 these, one was more than fifteen feet square 
 in the straight wall. These also are put up 
 without mortar, and the joints are such as 
 would do credit today to a stone mansion 
 in one of our American cities. 
 
 Just across the little level plain in front of 
 the fort the bluff and cliffs began again, but 
 each cliff or bluff had much carving and 
 stone cutting on it. Two or three were cut 
 into seats, one rising above the other, and 
 these are called thrones. One place was in 
 such a shape as to indicate a bath and it is 
 called the "Royal, or Inca Bath". Across on 
 another hill, or spur, of the mountain we 
 found even more magnificent cuttings and 
 carvings. In one place they had cut in un- 
 der the cliff of stone, and back in the cave 
 we found what they called the altar.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 47 
 
 To the writer the most wonderful part 
 of it all is the quarry and its location. Leav- 
 ing the old fort we descended the side of the 
 hill to the little stream called the "river". 
 Crossing the ravine we climbed perhaps 300 
 feet up the side of the next mountain and 
 found an immense pile of broken scrap stone, 
 extending far along the side of the mountain, 
 and perhaps fifty or one hundred feet high. 
 Going still higher we reached a position to one 
 side of the scrap stone where we could see the 
 great excavation in the side of the mountain 
 and the immense quarry back of it. In the 
 bottom of this excavation were stones of all 
 sizes, partially prepared. Here history and 
 reason seem to point out to the traveler the 
 quarry from which the great stones of the 
 fort were cut out. They must have been 
 taken from the quarry, down the mountain 
 side, across the ravine, up the next mountain 
 and then placed in their respective positions. 
 
 How did they cut the stones without the 
 use of iron and steel? How did they convey 
 them to the fort on the opposite hill ? How 
 did they locate them after they were there ? 
 These are the questions naturally asked by 
 all who see for themselves. The answer still 
 remains, "How?"
 
 48 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 CHAPTER FIVE 
 Bolivia. 
 
 Bolivia is the fourth largest Republic of 
 Latin America; in fact, Bolivians say it is 
 the third largest. There could be placed in 
 the area of Bolivia the combined areas of 
 the states of California, Nevada, Utah, Idaho, 
 Oregon and Washington. It covers 708,195 
 square miles, and lies mostly in the tropics. 
 But the elevation of most of Bolivia gives it 
 a temperate climate. 
 
 No Latin-American country has made the 
 progress during the last ten years in shaking 
 off the superstitious and tyrannical rule of 
 the Roman church that Bolivia has. 
 
 La Paz, the capital, is about 12,000 feet 
 above sea level, but in approaching the city, 
 the traveler reaches the top of a mountain on 
 the train and the first sight of La Paz is from 
 this elevation where the city is seen lying in 
 a valley below. It is reached by a trolley 
 car from the top of the mountain, which 
 winds down five hundred feet to the city. 
 
 The foreign commerce of Bolivia is esti- 
 mated at about $40,000,000. Its chief exports 
 are rubber, silver, copper, bismuth, cacao, 
 wolfram (tungsten). La Paz is the highest 
 seat of government in the western hemis-
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 49 
 
 phere. It is approached from the western 
 coast of South America either through Chile 
 or Peru, since Bolivia has no coast line of its 
 own. 
 
 The population of Bolivia is estimated at 
 about two and one-half million people. 
 
 The La Paz Meeting. 
 
 We had not written any one in La Paz, 
 Bolivia, that we were coming, but missionar- 
 ies from other places we had visited had no- 
 tified them of our proposed visit. We were 
 met at the depot by Rev. Baker of the Bap- 
 tist mission and Rev. Hartzel of the Metho- 
 dist mission. Since we were not expecting to 
 be met by any one, we had arranged with an 
 American commercial traveler to help us to 
 a hotel; but as we pushed out through the 
 crowd on the platform, Brother Reid heard 
 someone say in English, "I would not know 
 Taylor, for I never saw him." I spoke loud 
 enough to be heard, and asked in English, 
 "Who is it that doesn't know Taylor?" The 
 result of my question was that we met the 
 missionaries who had come for us, passed 
 by the hotel for our baggage and moved 
 it to Bro. Hartzel's home, where we spent the 
 time while in La Paz. 
 
 The meetings in that city, like most of our 
 work on the campaign, were of a union char-
 
 50 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 acter. We are thankful to say that in many 
 places in South America the missionaries 
 have a far greater spirit of oneness than the 
 same churches generally have in the United 
 States. We have assisted in the Lord's Sup- 
 per when we had Baptist, Presbyterian, 
 Methodist and Dutch Reform pastors officiat- 
 ing. This, of course, gives the natives a far 
 greater confidence in what we preach. 
 
 In La Paz the Methodist church has a large 
 school for boys and a smaller one for girls. 
 We had the privilege of working among the 
 students and many of them attended the 
 meetings every night. From this student 
 body we saw seekers in the altar every night, 
 and we believe that from the students saved 
 in this meeting we will have some native 
 preachers in the near future. Brother Bak- 
 er, the superintendent of the Baptist work, 
 is from Edmonton, Calgary, Canada. He has 
 been in La Paz several years; he knows the 
 Spanish language perfectly and proved a fine 
 interpreter. 
 
 The work was conducted in the Methodist 
 and Baptist churches, with some extra ser- 
 vices held in the college. We saw the altar 
 crowded the first night and from that hour 
 the interest increased. 
 
 A woman who had been attending the Pro- 
 testant meetings for some time in the past,
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 51 
 
 came to the altar one night, and when she 
 met the Methodist missionary the next day 
 she said, "Well, Brother Hartzel, I am done 
 selling beer in my store. I settled it last night 
 in the altar." 
 
 It would be hard to state how many were 
 in the altar during the meeting; there were 
 from 25 to 50 every night, but many of these 
 were forward two or more evenings. The 
 only regret we had in connection with the 
 work was the fact that we could not remain 
 longer. The missionaries and teachers seem- 
 ed to be much helped in their own hearts and 
 lives, many of them said the meetings had 
 done them more good than it did the natives. 
 Everywhere we go they tell us the same story 1 
 about their own personal need of a new evan- j 
 gelist coming to them so they can get person- 
 al help in their own hearts. If we at home 
 need camp meetings and revivals, what about 
 the missionaries on the field without any help 
 from without. 
 
 La Paz is the capital of Bolivia and the last 
 ten years they have taken great steps along 
 liberal lines. In these South American coun- 
 tries it is common for them to pass national \ 
 laws and enforce them in the capital and oth- | 
 er prominent cities, while in towns and cities 
 back in the interior the new laws are possi- 
 bly never heard of and the Roman Catholic
 
 52 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 element continue with everything to their 
 own liking. 
 
 This is true in Bolivia. In the last ten years 
 liberal laws have been enacted, and La Paz 
 being the capital, gets the full benefit of 
 them. The power of the Roman priest has 
 been wonderfully curtailed and his liberties, 
 once great, are also being taken from him, 
 so that now it is very common to arrest a 
 priest and put him in prison for stealing, 
 or for raping some young girl. Their sins 
 with young boys are also being watched and 
 prosecuted. 
 
 One order of priests in La Paz were looked 
 upon as altogether unprofitable to the coun- 
 try because of their work, so one week be- 
 fore we reached the place they were or- 
 dered to leave the country on Sunday and 
 their property was taken by the government. 
 The Roman church being the state church of 
 Bolivia, the property does not belong to 
 the church, but to the government and when 
 they decide it is not proving profitable to 
 the country, they claim the right to take the 
 property away from the church and use it 
 for other purposes. 
 
 One thing encouraging about the future 
 outlook for Bolivia is the open position taken 
 by the daily papers of the country. While 
 we were in the place there was hardly a day
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 53 
 
 but what one of the papers would come out 
 with the facts about some priest stealing 
 money, or the common story of the priest 
 and the woman. They published cases of 
 priests outraging the wives of other men, 
 and raping little girls only 12 or 14 years of 
 age. One case was published of a priest who 
 is now in prison for concealing a girl he had 
 outraged and kept her hid from her mother. 
 He even went to pray with the mother and 
 gave her sympathy over the loss of her 
 daughter while he had the girl in his own 
 home. 
 
 Opportunities in Bolivia are not wanting; 
 there is only one problem and that is, what 
 about workers to take advantage of them ?
 
 54 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 CHAPTER SIX 
 Chile. 
 
 This most southern country of South Am- 
 erica on the Pacific coast is remarkable in its 
 location and extent, as can be better appre- 
 ciated by a little comparison. The length of 
 Chile from Peru to the Straits would extend 
 the full length of California, Washington, 
 Oregon, British Colombia, and into the heart 
 of Alaska. Except Egypt there is not a 
 country in the world so strangely formed. 
 
 Egypt is 700 miles long and except in one 
 place, is nowhere more than twelve miles 
 wide; Chile is nearly three thousand miles 
 long, and nowhere more than 130 miles wide, 
 and for the most part, much narrower. 
 
 Much of Chilean territory is a barren des- 
 ert. Yet this is one of the most noted countries 
 in South America. Revolutions are rarely 
 known. They have a well trained army, us- 
 ing German tactics and instructors. Her navy 
 is not to be laughed at. 
 
 The area covered by this republic is about 
 300,000 square miles. The population is near- 
 ly four million. Chile's foreign trade is es- 
 x,, timated at about $204,000,000. The princi- 
 "\ pal exports are sulphur, copper, nitrates, bo- 
 Urax, silver and other minerals.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 55 
 
 Santiago, the capital, with her suburbs, 
 has a population of about 500,000. Valpar- 
 aiso is the main port of entry and with her 
 suburbs becomes the second city of the re- 
 public with a population of about 200,000. 
 
 To the credit of Chile it should be stated 
 that bull fights have been stopped in this 
 progressive republic of South America. The 
 missionary societies of the Presbyterian and 
 Methodist Episcopal churches are doing quite 
 an extensive educational work, which seems 
 to be highly appreciated and patronized by 
 the best families. That part of school work 
 conducted among the better classes is en- 
 tirely self-supporting, the only difficulty being 
 the question of securing proper American 
 teachers for the schools. 
 
 In our four days' work in the capital we 
 had the privilege of seeing several young 
 women from the Santiago College beautifully 
 saved. These represented some of the lead- 
 ing families of the country. If this college 
 could be equipped with sane, well saved, well 
 trained teachers, it would prove one of the 
 greatest instruments in the republic for the 
 evangelization of the people. The women of 
 the country are the only ones being held by 
 the Roman church. Hence, the work among 
 the girls in the religious schools proves an 
 inroad to the best women of the country.
 
 56 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 The Meeting in Valparaiso. 
 
 It was Monday morning when our vessel 
 dropped anchor in the bay at Valparaiso, 
 Chile. Our friend, Mr. Wilgon, a Scotchman, 
 returning to his home from Bolivia, very 
 kindly secured a boatman for us and went 
 ashore to help us in passing customs. 
 
 While we were in the custom house hav- 
 ing our baggage examined, the Methodist 
 missionary came and searched us out from 
 the crowd. After the customary examina- 
 tion, Bro. Elpjiick, the missionary, soon had 
 our trunks piled on the back of an old horse 
 and in a two wheeled cart ready for our re- 
 spective homes. We were informed that the 
 meetings had been announced to begin that 
 Monday night and were to be of a union char- 
 acter between the Presbyterians and Metho- 
 dists. The Salvation Army also joined with 
 us later on. 
 
 Brother Reid was to be entertained in the 
 home of the superintendent of the Presbyte- 
 rian work of the district. When he came for 
 Bro. Reid he and the writer found we were 
 from the same town and had been educated 
 in the same school. My work with Brother 
 Elmore was the most pleasant and we en- 
 joyed our conversations about boyhood days. 
 
 The first service was held in the Presby- 
 terian church. The congregation was large,
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 57 
 
 conviction rested on the people, and when we 
 made the altar call more than twenty-five 
 came at once to the front for prayer and in- 
 struction. 
 
 The service on Tuesday night was in the 
 large Methodist church, which was at one 
 time the most prosperous and having the 
 largest membership of any on the west coast, 
 if not in all South America. But a few years 
 ago the teaching of "tongues" broke out, and 
 the result was the church was ruined, and 
 over three hundred members left. Many of 
 the very best people left, and of those who 
 remained some are far from spiritual, while 
 others are so fearful that further fanati- 
 cism will break out among them that it was 
 rather difficult in the beginning, to get the 
 members to take any stand and make any 
 move. The Lord was pleased to help me in 
 preaching His word the first service and we 
 saw perhaps forty or more kneel in the 
 altar seeking Jesus. The Spirit's presence 
 was very manifest; the penitents wept and 
 prayed, while real victory seemed to come 
 to every waiting heart. 
 
 The meetings continued to gain interest 
 and power at each service. On Thursday 
 night we saw more than fifty in the altar 
 seeking God; and the last night, which was 
 Friday, we had between 75 and 100 seekers.
 
 58 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 During the meeting I had the privilege of 
 speaking in the schools of the Presbyterian 
 church. One night a father came to us at 
 the close of the service and said: "My little 
 boy heard you speak in the school today and 
 told me that when you asked all who wanted 
 to be saved and follow Jesus to take their 
 stand, he did so." The man was so delighted 
 he could hardly contain his joy. 
 
 The interest and power increased from the 
 first service until the last and closing hour. 
 We closed with them begging for the work to 
 be continued. Judging from what we saw 
 during the five nights, right in the middle 
 of the week, without even one Sunday, we 
 believe that two or three weeks spent in that 
 city under the blessings of the Spirit would 
 result in a few thousand people seeking God. 
 
 It really looks like a crime to see the 
 churches at home just as good as throw away 
 money, when it would accomplish wondrous 
 things down here for God and souls. 
 
 Needs of Valparaiso. 
 
 This is the principal port of Chile and is a 
 city of 200,000 people, if the suburbs are in- 
 cluded. The principal forces at work there 
 for the spreading of the Gospel are the 
 Methodists and Presbyterians, and their ef- 
 forts are not at all in keeping with the needs
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 59 
 
 of the place. When the Protestant church 
 members and those who attend the services 
 are all included we were told by the mission- 
 aries who labor there, that not 5,000 people 
 are touched or influenced by Gospel work. 
 In fact, to use their own figure there are not 
 one-half that number. 
 
 It is easy to reach them, for they are not 
 at all a fanatical people. In fact, the Roman 
 fanaticism so common in the past and even 
 found at the present in the interior is seldom 
 manifest in the coast towns and cities of 
 South or Central America. If Valparaiso was 
 as well supplied with churches as cities of its 
 size in the States it would have about 100, 
 but if it only had ten, the condition would be 
 far brighter than at present. 
 
 The Methodist Episcopal church owns one 
 building, and I believe the Presbyterians are 
 one ahead of the Methodists. More missions 
 and missionaries are badly needed in this 
 city, but in our opinion one of the greatest* 
 needs at present is twelve or fifteen mission] 
 day schools, where the children can be gath-J 
 ered together for education, and it made a 
 Christian education. 
 
 The Presbyterians are trying this on a 
 small scale and find it a very profitable way 
 of reaching, not only the children, but their 
 parents. Many of these schools could be
 
 60 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 taught by natives and superintended by 
 some well educated person from home. All 
 these school rooms could be used on Sundays 
 for Sunday School and other religious ser- 
 vices. 
 
 The greatest obstacle in the way of such 
 work in Valparaiso, as well as other parts, is 
 not only the lack of money to finance the 
 schools, but the teachers. Here is a golden 
 opportunity for some godly young woman and 
 especially for young married people who are 
 teachers and want to help bring the world to 
 Jesus Christ. 
 
 In this great city of Valparaiso we found 
 the mass of people seemingly hungry for 
 God. Our congregation grew from the first 
 service, and the numbers at the altar increas- 
 ed during the four nights from twenty-five 
 on Monday night to seventy-five or a hun- 
 dred on Friday night, the last service. 
 
 The needs in this city are not peculiar to 
 themselves, for the whole country of Chile, 
 and in fact, the other countries offer the 
 same needs and possibilities. It would be a 
 pleasure to correspond with any who are in- 
 terested in going to Valparaiso. 
 
 Santiago Meeting. 
 
 Santiago is the capital of Chile. It is a beau- 
 tiful city and with its suburbs has a popula- 
 tion of about 500,000. To reach it from the
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 61 
 
 coast, the government railroad runs up from 
 Valparaiso, crossing one range of mountains 
 or foothills, to the capital nestled up at the 
 foot of the snow-clad Andes, in a beautiful 
 valley between these foothills and the real 
 Andean range. 
 
 The buildings are not high for they have to , 
 build for earthquakes, which occur very fre- 
 quently. 
 
 We reached Santiago late in the afternoon 
 on Saturday, and were met at the depot by 
 Rev. Tester, the Methodist Superintendent of 
 the Santiago District ; Prof. Shelley, the head 
 of the Santiago College for Young Women; 
 and Mr. Schilling, who has charge of the 
 MethodisFpublishing plant of the city. Upon 
 arriving at the home of Bro. Teeter we found 
 Dr. Brownjng, Superintendent of the Boys 
 College, waiting for us. They informed us 
 that upon learning, through others, of our 
 visit to the city, a committee had been ap- 
 pointed by the Methodists and Presbyterians 
 to arrange a program for union meetings. 
 This program provided for four sermons the 
 next day, Sunday. We had worked hard ev- 
 ery night since landing in Chile, so we de- 
 cided to retire early and look to the Lord for 
 a good night of rest. 
 
 Sunday, our first day in the city, was a 
 full one. At nine a. m. we preached to the
 
 62 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 young women of Santiago College. Several 
 expressed their desire to be saved from sin. 
 The Union Church of Santiago is a Presby- 
 terian church for English-speaking people, 
 and here we were to preach sermon number 
 two at 10:30. His presence was manifested, 
 and the service seemed to be a profitable one. 
 In our sermons to Americans and Europeans 
 in these countries, we always tried to im- 
 press them with the fact that God has them 
 there for a purpose and that is to lead these 
 people to Jesus. 
 
 We had the privilege at four p. m. of lec- 
 turing to men only in one of the Presbyterian 
 churches for Spanish-speaking people. Rev. 
 Mr. Boomer, a missionary of the Presbyterian 
 church, acted as interpreter. We spoke to 
 these men on social purity and kindred sub- 
 jects. The Lord was pleased to bless the mes- 
 sage and we saw an altar full of men seeking 
 God at the close of the talk. 
 
 The fourth sermon of the day was in the 
 First Methodist church at eight o'clock. We 
 had a good congregation present. Brother 
 Standen, a promising young Methodist mis- 
 sionary interpreted for us. and did his work 
 well. The question of what kind of an inter- 
 preter one has is almost as important as the 
 kind of a preacher you have. The interpreter 
 can help or hinder the preacher. The power
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 63 
 
 of the Holy Ghost was present and convic- 
 tion rested on the people. When we made 
 the altar call, we saw about seventy-five come 
 quickly and gladly to give their hearts to 
 God. 
 
 The work continued from Sunday for three 
 more nights with increasing interest at each 
 service. There were many advantages in 
 changing the services each night to a differ- 
 ent church, which put us in different parts of 
 the city, but on the other hand it had its dis- 
 advantages, in that we had a new and strange 
 congregation each time and were not able to 
 build around us one night a band of prayer 
 and faith for the next night. 
 
 However, we were gladdened to see altars 
 filled with men and women seeking God at 
 each place and best of all was the work 
 among the members of the different church- 
 es, and the blessed reviving to which the mis- 
 sionaries themselves testified. 
 
 In Southern Chile. 
 
 It is not always easy to decide just how 
 to divide four or five days when the mission- 
 aries at several places are begging, writing 
 and wiring for even one service. From the 
 time we arrived in Chile we were urged to 
 go down to Temuco, in Southern Chile, for a 
 few services. To reach Temuco we must
 
 64 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 travel a few hundred miles on the train from 
 the capital, Santiago, and return there in or- 
 der to get across the Andes to Argentine. It 
 did not look like the wise thing to do, es- 
 pecially when we found it would only be 
 possible to spent two nights in the place. 
 
 After much prayer, and consulting with 
 the missionaries, we decided to go, and wired 
 them to that effect. We allotted them Thurs- 
 day and Friday nights. Just a day or so be- 
 fore we were ready to go, we found that in- 
 stead of taking us all day on the train we 
 must travel all night and until two o'clock the 
 next afternoon in order to reach the place. 
 "What shall we do ?" I asked all the mission- 
 aries, and every one answered, "you must 
 go; it will not do to leave Temuco out. You 
 can have a good revival in one night," they 
 declared. 
 
 Since go we must, go we did, and when we 
 arrived, after spending twenty hours on the 
 train, it was raining hard, and oh, how mud- 
 dy it was. Bro. Valenzuela, the pastor, piled 
 us into a cab and we were soon on the way. 
 Suddenly he stopped the driver, after having 
 driven several blocks, and turning to us said, 
 "Now, Bro. Taylor, the Episcopalians have a 
 school here with nearly two hundred schol- 
 ars, and the man in charge is holding the 
 pupils for your train to get in so you can
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 65 
 
 preach to them; we will just stop now for 
 this service and then go to your rooms." 
 
 It was 2 p. m. and we had not had break- 
 fast; we had been on the train for twenty 
 hours, but what of that ? We are missionar- 
 ies and they are supposed to be "minute 
 men". I turned to the presiding elder, who 
 was my companion on the trip, and he smiled 
 as he said, "Well, I guess we can wait for 
 breakfast until supper time." 
 
 Missionary Presiding Elders often have 
 to rough it like others. I worked with one 
 in Bolivia who said when he met me at the 
 train, "I have not announced the meeting 
 so very well, for I have just returned from a 
 two hundred mile trip down in the interior, 
 where I opened up a new mission station." I 
 inquired how he had traveled on that trip. 
 "Oh," he replied, "on foot, of course ; I often 
 take such trips and enjoy them." 
 
 We were soon in the building, which is a 
 large one, for they have a boarding school. 
 The professor in charge informed me the 
 scholars were all ready in the gymnasium. 
 When we walked in we found nearly two 
 hundred standing and there they stood for 
 the sermon. (All who have heard me preach 
 can bear witness that they were tired before 
 I got through).
 
 66 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 We asked the professor if the children were 
 Catholics, and along what line we should 
 preach. "Yes, there are about fifty Roman 
 Catholics here, but they know we teach the 
 Bible and you can feel free to preach just 
 what God gives you," and we did. Many 
 asked to be prayed for. 
 
 After this service we drove on to the par- 
 sonage where we found a good warm break- 
 fast waiting for us at 4 p. m. We then spent 
 sometime looking over the mission property 
 consulting as to various improvements which 
 were needed. We crawled under one house 
 and helped them decide where to fill in and 
 how to put up some gutters on the church to 
 keep the water out. 
 
 The evening service began at 8 p. m. When 
 we walked in we found the church well filled. 
 In the simplest manner we knew how we 
 preached to them salvation through Jesus 
 Christ. When we made the altar call we did 
 not insist, we did not even sing; but sixty) 
 people walked out and down the aisles, knelt I 
 at the altar, wept and prayed God to forgive 
 their sins. Nearly all were men and women, 
 in fact, most of them were men. Thus closed 
 a one day revival. Was it worth while? Did 
 it pay?
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 67 
 
 Concept-ion, Chile. 
 
 After our day in Temuco we had to leave 
 early the next morning for Concepcion, which 
 is the third largest city in the republic, with 
 a population of 75,000. In order that we 
 might make certain of a good interpreter, we 
 took the pastor from Temuco with us up to 
 Concepcion. This journey required another 
 whole day on the train, for we did not arrive 
 until night. 
 
 When we reached the city, Brothers Arms 
 and Campbell, presidents of the Girls' Col- 
 lege and Boys' College, and Brother Verifigas, 
 the District Superintendent of the district, 
 were at the depot to meet us. We had al- 
 ready heard from them by wire, regarding 
 entertainment, and had wired back that we 
 preferred to spend Saturday night in the 
 Boys' College and Sunday night in the Col- 
 lege for young ladies. 
 
 We were soon hurried off to our home for 
 the night, but there was very little rest as a 
 service was announced for that night. True, 
 it was Saturday night, and the final telegram 
 telling them we would be there, had been de- 
 layed and did not reach them until Saturday 
 morning ; but what of that ? The gymnasium 
 of the Girls' College had been converted into 
 an auditorium as it was the largest place we
 
 68 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 could have; and when the hour for services 
 arrived, we had a large and attentive con- 
 gregation. The number expressing a desire to 
 be saved was also large. 
 
 Sunday was the only day we could remain 
 in Concepcion, so we felt we should make it a 
 full day. After preaching in English at 10:30 
 a. m. we had a fine after-service in which 
 many sought the Lord. The Sunday school 
 was in another building at 1 :30 p. m. We ate 
 a few bites and rushed over there for a ser- 
 vice at 2 : 00 p. m. Here we saw a wonderful 
 time; forty or fifty people wept and prayed 
 their way to God. We never saw more 
 shouting and general rejoicing than at this I 
 service. Nearly all present asked the privi- ' 
 lege of making public confessions, and then 
 we never saw more people in one service go 
 to each other to confess and ask forgive- 
 ness. We closed this service at 5:30 and 
 rushed on to the Girls' College where we 
 spoke to the young women of the school at 
 6:00 p. m. Here we also saw a goodly num- 
 ber seek the Lord. We lay down for a short 
 rest before the final evening service at 8:00 
 o'clock. At this service the chapel was pack- 
 ed. At the altar call we saw the space 
 around the altar crowded with seekers, who 
 were nearly all men and women. Those pres-
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 69 
 
 ent from the afternoon service were still re- 
 joicing in the Lord. 
 
 My interpreter, who is one of the pastors, 
 said, "Oh, this is just what we need all over 
 the conference, so all the churches will get 
 right and then lead people to God." 
 
 Monday morning we bade a hurried good- 
 bye and took an early train back to Santiago. 
 We spent fourteen and one-half hours on this 
 train, the journey leading close to the foot 
 of snow-capped mountains all the way. We 
 are not able to state how many towns and 
 cities we passed with a population of from 
 5,000 to 30,000 people, with no missionary 
 work being carried on in them. 
 
 We often wonder whether the Lord of the 
 harvest is pleased with the way we have our 
 gifts and efforts divided up. Here are thous- 
 ands of people who can be easily reached, 
 and led to a decision for Christ if the effort 
 is put forth. In fact there were many places 
 we did not dare go for services, because the 
 people would have stepped out for God, and 
 there was no one to leave in charge as pastor. 
 Those who have had experience on the field, 
 know that it is better not to lead them to a 
 decision for Christ until they can be cared 
 for, as the Roman priest is certain to get af- 
 ter them. Very few can read the Bible for 
 themselves, so that if they stand for God,
 
 70 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 they must have pastoral care. Their cry is: 
 "I looked on my right hand, and beheld, but 
 there was no man that would know me ; ref- 
 uge failed me; no man cared for my soul." 
 (Psa. 142. 4.) 
 
 The Best Schools. 
 
 I have rarely ever been accused of copying 
 after other people, because I am not as a rule 
 sufficiently "up-to-date" to fall in line with 
 others. I judge my opinion about the school 
 work needed in South America is also of this 
 character. I will, however, ask the readers' 
 patience while I give my ideas and reasons. 
 Their colleges are good, and can be made a 
 wonderful blessing to the country, but in my 
 opinion the great need of these countries is 
 small schools taught by Christian teachers, 
 where the~poor"and common drildrencan 
 gathered in and taught to read and write. 
 
 They are willing to pay a small amount to 
 attend such schools, which in many cases, 
 makes them like the colleges, self-supporting. 
 But the schools we have found of this char- 
 acter do not, as a rule, teach salvation to any 
 marked degree. Should they do so many of 
 the children would be frightened, or taken 
 away by their parents. We have felt that 
 a large number of such schools could be run 
 with thousands of children, by making the
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 71 
 
 tuition free, but with the strict understand- 
 ing that all the children attend Sunday 
 school in the same building each Sunday. 
 Then let the schools be opened by reading 
 the Bible and prayer each day, and have in 
 addition to a regular lesson in the Bible, a 
 certain hour when each school is visited by a 
 regular visiting missionary to labor definitely 
 for the salvation of the children. 
 
 We are acquainted with one city where 
 schools are being conducted in this way, mi- 
 nus the opening prayer, the definite salva- 
 tion work, and the compulsory Sunday school 
 for the children. The main trouble with the 
 Protestant schools has too often been the 
 fact that they have not had financial help 
 from home and have therefore been compelled 
 to make their own way. 
 
 Here is a wonderful opening for both men 
 and women who can teach, and want to do 
 missionary work. Here is also a wonderful 
 opening for some of God's saints to invest 
 His money in the support of such teachers. 
 The fruit of this work in a few years would 
 no doubt be sixty or a hundred fold. 
 
 One of the greatest openings we know of 
 for workers is that of Christian teachers in 
 these countries. We know of one school 
 where they have so many scholars they are 
 compelled to employ fifteen Roman Catholic
 
 72 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 teachers, although the school is a Christian 
 school and laboring for the salvation of the 
 student body. The salary for teachers is no 
 question at all, for the school is entirely self- 
 supporting. They are begging for teachers 
 but cannot find any who will go. 
 
 Los Andes. 
 
 The first word in the above subject is the 
 plural for the article "the". It really means 
 "The Andes", and is the name given to a city 
 just at the foot of the Andes on the Chilean 
 side. It is from this small Chilean city of 
 10,000 inhabitants that the famous "Trans- 
 Andean" railroad starts across the moun- 
 tains. 
 
 Los Andes is more than one hundred miles 
 from the Pacific coast at Valparaiso, and 
 about the same mileage from the capital city 
 of Santiago. This distance is covered by a 
 broad, or standard gauge road, and the nar- 
 row gauge road of the Trans-Andean Com- 
 pany begins at this point. The trains leave 
 Los Andes at 7:30 a. m. 
 
 In the summer, which is the winter months 
 in North America, they run three trains each 
 week, but in the winter months of May, 
 June, July and August, they only run trains 
 two times a week, and these are frequently 
 snow bound until traffic is cut out for even
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 73 
 
 two months. In fact, the writer crossed over 
 the last of May and by the first of June they 
 had two trains tied up by the snow, and traf- 
 fic was suspended indefinitely. 
 
 The traveler who crosses during the 
 months mentioned must carry along food for 
 such an emergency. We were warned by 
 friends to this effect and through their kind- 
 ness were supplied with food for the jour- 
 ney. 
 
 Finding we must leave Santiago on Tues- 
 day and spend the night in Los Andes, we 
 made arrangements to preach in the city 
 Tuesday night. We took an interpreter with 
 us from Valparaiso, and were accompanied 
 by the superintendent of the Methodist mis- 
 sions, who went that far to be in the service 
 and give us a final farewell from the Pacific 
 coast. 
 
 The hall was not a large one, and as the 
 purpose of the service was to preach the gos- 
 pel the opera house could not be secured by 
 the native worker from a near-by city, who 
 had made the arrangements. Such refusals 
 are never known near the coast, but the far- 
 ther back into the interior the greater the 
 Roman superstition. 
 
 When we reached the little hall we found it 
 packed like sardines in a box. The attention 
 could not have been better. The singing was
 
 74 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 beautiful. The congregation was made up 
 for the most part of poor people. The writer 
 had real pleasure in preaching the Word of 
 God to them, and when the altar was pre- 
 sented we saw it filled with men and women 
 seeking God. 
 
 As we strolled back to our hotel, the Dis- 
 trict Superintendent said, "Brother Taylor, 
 if you could remain here for ten days and 
 had a large tent where the people could be 
 accommodated, we could see at least one 
 thousand people converted to God." We felt 
 after the experience we have had in these/ 
 parts of the world that his words were sane 
 and very reasonable. 
 
 He then said, "But what would we do with 
 the one thousand converts; we haven't any 
 one to take care of them ; our workers are so 
 few?" We knew he was again speaking the 
 truth; and our mind went to the various 
 towns in the States less than one-half the 
 size of this place, and not half that number 
 of professing Christians in the place, but 
 eight or ten, yes even more than that num- 
 ber of pastors in addition to local workers. 
 
 Truly these fields are white unto the har- 
 vest, but who will go? Who will send?
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 75 
 
 CHAPTER SEVEN 
 Argentine. 
 
 The Argentine Republic is larger than all 
 of the United States lying east of the Miss- 
 issippi river. In other words it is more than 
 one-third the size of the United States, and 
 has a population a little larger than that of 
 the state of Illinois. It extends over 2,500 
 miles south from the Tropic of Capricorn, 
 running almost to the Antarctic Circle. The 
 population of Argentine is rapidly increasing. 
 In fact, according to statistics, the immi- 
 grants from other countries total nearly sev^ 
 en hundred per day for the entire year. S 
 
 This republic has much of the finest farm- 
 ing land on earth, and is already one of the 
 great wheat growing and cattle raising sec- 
 tions of the world. These South American 
 countries, however, are very unlike the 
 United States. The population is nearly all in 
 a few large cities and towns. 
 
 The capital, Buenos Aires, is the largest, 
 city on earth south of the Equator, and is/ 
 one of the great cities of the world, having a 
 population of nearly 1,500,000 and growing at 
 a tremendous rate. One-fifth of the people in 
 the entire republic are in the capital. It is
 
 76 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 said to be growing faster than any large city 
 in the United States, except New York and 
 Chicago. 
 
 In Buenos Aires they have one of the most 
 complete newspaper plants of the Western 
 Hemisphere. The great avenues, parks and 
 public buildings, miles of docks, etc., will 
 compare favorably with any city in the 
 world. It is larger than Boston, Baltimore 
 and Denver combined, and yet this mass of 
 humanity only has ten Protestant churches 
 where the Gospel of Jesus Christ is preach- 
 ed. Mr. Speer says : "In this city the size of 
 Philadelphia, there are only forty Roman 
 Catholic churches, and ten Protestant church- 
 es for both Spanish and English services. In 
 Philadelphia I believe there are ninety Ro- 
 man Catholic churches and 690 Protestant 
 ^churches." 
 
 The people in Argentine are not "hard to 
 reach." They want God. They are hungry 
 for salvation. At the close of a simple ser- 
 mon on freedom from sin we have given an 
 invitation and without urging, we have seen 
 from fifty to seventy-five people come at 
 once to the altar expressing a desire to sur- 
 render to God and be saved. We have preach- 
 ed in other cities in Argentine where they 
 have a population from one to two hundred 
 thousand. And there are still others with a
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 77 
 
 population of twenty-five to seventy-five 
 thousand without any religious work being 
 done. Such cities are to be found on rail- 
 roads and many are railroad centers, for this 
 republic has over 18,000 miles of railroads. 
 
 We held meetings in two Spanish church- 
 es where they are not only self-supporting, 
 but giving largely for missionary purposes. 
 A great work in Argentine is possible if only 
 men and money can be found to start it. 
 
 Buenos Aires. 
 
 This Spanish name of the capital of the 
 Republic of Argentine means "Good Air." It 
 ranks in beauty among the first of the world. 
 Buenos Aires, with its population of nearly 
 one and one-half million, is the largest city 
 in South America, and one of the largest 
 south of the Equator. It has all the rush\ 
 and dash of Chicago and New York. We are I 
 told they have more automobiles there than I 
 in New York City. 
 
 Many of the principal streets and avenues 
 are narrow, which impedes the progress of 
 traffic, so that we have seen street cars and \ 
 autos backed up for a whole square waiting j 
 to cross another street that was congested. 
 They are now at work widening the streets, 
 which will of necessity be a long drawn out 
 process and cost many millions of dollars.
 
 78 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 They have passed a law that all new build- 
 ings erected on a designated side of the 
 street must be set back a prescribed dis- 
 tance, which is, as a rule, twenty to forty 
 feet. The city pays the owner for the space 
 thus lost, and in this way the streets are 
 beginning to widen out. 
 
 The wickedness of this great Southern Me- 
 tropolis is the most flagrant we have ever 
 seen. It is indeed a city without God, burn- 
 ing in lust, and drowned in liquor. Christian 
 women coming here should appreciate, as 
 never before, the blessings Christianity 
 brought to womanhood, for here woman is 
 at a great disadvantage. The manifest lack 
 of respect for her is seen on every side. On 
 the street it is the rarest thing for a woman \ 
 to pass without the majority of the men look- 
 ing right in her face, perhaps say some im- / 
 pudent thing ; notice her form, make remarks / 
 about it to each other, and that without any ' 
 effort to keep her from hearing. 
 
 In all our travels we have never seen any 
 place that furnished the lustful, licentious 
 art we found in this city. At the door of the 
 post card stores and in the show window of 
 the art stores, the most conspicuous thing is 
 the hundreds of pictures of nude women of 
 the vilest character the reader can imagine. 
 The statuary is of the same kind. Theaters
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 79 
 
 are everywhere, and judging by the pictures 
 about the doors of these institutions of the 
 devil, they are also among the greatest agen- 
 cies of lust and uncleanness. The theaters 
 run until midnight. It seems there are morev 
 people on the streets at ten and eleven p. m. 1 
 than any hour of the twenty-four. 
 
 In this great, wicked, sinful and sinning 
 city we are told there are twenty churches 
 trying to give them the gospel of Jesus 
 Christ. We have passed by large show win- 
 dows and seen them filled with pictures of 
 nude women and infidel books. The enemy 
 of God and souls seems to have the place, 
 and be on the watch to see that nothing is 
 done to defeat his supreme reign in the fu- 
 ture. 
 
 Philadelphia, with six hundred churches, 
 is about the same size as this city, which has 
 twenty churches. Surely the church of Jesus 
 Christ should arise, dare and do. , 
 
 One easy and quite possible thing for 
 Buenos Aires would be to give out 250,000 
 good tracts every two weeks. The mission- 
 aries and earnest Christians are anxious to 
 do it. We have a plan for this which makes 
 it possible and easy. Some of our readers 
 have seen our little booklet, entitled "Pic- 
 tures on the Wall", showing the evils of nude 
 pictures and nude dress. We would like
 
 80 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 those who know the booklet to pray with us 
 that we may be able to put it in Spanish and 
 place 100,000 copies in Buenos Aires. . 
 
 All God lacks in being able to reach this] 
 city is some consecrated men and women/ 
 whom He can use there and at home. ' 
 
 Campaign in Buenos Aires. 
 
 Though the missionaries in Buenos Aires 
 were expecting us, they were not looking for 
 us the day we arrived. The country through 
 Argentine from the mountains down to the 
 coast was flooded by heavy rains. We reach- 
 ed Buenos Aires by going over the Andean 
 Railroad, which crosses the continent from 
 the Pacific at Valparaiso to the Atlantic at 
 Buenos Aires; or, to be exact, Buenos Aires 
 is on the River Plata, which empties into the 
 Atlantic. 
 
 This famous railroad runs over the Andes, 
 climbing nearly to the top and then is tun- 
 neled to the other side. The route carried us 
 the second day through the flooded district. 
 At times we pulled right through the water 
 which was over the roadbed. Much time 
 was lost and we arrived three hours late, 
 which put us into Buenos Aires late at night, 
 and no one to meet us. 
 
 It was soon noised about the next morning 
 that we were in the city, and Bishop Stuntz,
 
 A South American Indian Without the Gospel.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 81 
 
 two District Superintendents, a pastor and 
 the Y. M. C. A. Secretary called to bid us 
 welcome and make plans for the campaign in 
 the city. It has been a real delight to meet 
 these men of God and labor with them. We 
 found them all to be humble servants of Je- 
 sus Christ and in every respect real brethren 
 in the gospel. Instead of finding Bishop Ho- 
 rner C. Stuntz sitting up on a pedestal, as we 
 perhaps too often expect, we found him a 
 real missionary, working at his job. He 
 preaches nearly every night, visiting the lit- 
 tle missions conducted in small rented halls. 
 We also found his wife to be a very godly ana 
 -most superior woman. 
 
 Plans were finally made, and it was decided 
 that we should begin the work in the Second 
 Methodist church, which is the first church 
 so far as the Spanish work is concerned, the 
 First church being for English speaking peo- 
 ple. We preached in the latter at 5:30 p. m. 
 in English, then each night in the other 
 church we spoke to the Spanish congregation. 
 
 The victories on the Pacific coast had been 
 blessed. We had just closed out in Chile, 
 where hundreds of people sought God, and 
 we were praying with all our hearts that the 
 tide might not fall, but that we might see the 
 same victories on the Atlantic coast.
 
 82 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 Our first service was on Sunday morning. 
 The pastor thought we would do well if we 
 had seventy-five people present at that first 
 service, which had not been well announced; 
 but instead at its close, we saw nearly that 
 number in the altar seeking God. The inter- 
 est increased from that first service, and 
 while of course many came back to the altar 
 more than once and perhaps some did not get 
 right with God at all, yet we saw more than 
 350 come to the altar as definite seekers dur- 
 ing the four days we were in the church. 
 
 The District Superintendent, Rev. Schill- 
 ing, was our interpreter. This brother will 
 weigh about 240 pounds, and is every ounce a 
 missionary. He wept and praised God as the 
 people flocked to the altar, and as his church 
 came to receive the Holy Ghost. 
 
 The last night will not be forgotten; it 
 seemed like we were just ready to begin the 
 meeting when it was necessary to close. The 
 last of our services was in the First church 
 where we preached in English at 5:30 p. m. 
 We spoke from Acts 1:8, and He of whom 
 we spoke was manifestly present. At the 
 close of the service Bishop and Mrs. Stuntz 
 invited us to go with them to a Dairy 
 Lunch room for supper together before he 
 went out to a little mission for service.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 83 
 
 Our group consisted of Bishop an 
 Mrs. Stuntz, the dean of the Theologica 
 School, one District Superintendent, Brothe 
 Reid and the writer. After a nice plain lunc 
 of bread, butter and eggs, the Bishop said, 
 "Now, we will soon be separating, and we 
 are all here together in one side of the room, 
 let's have a season of prayer." He then led 
 in an earnest prayer, and we all felt the pres- 
 ence of the Spirit. We felt we had been 
 alone with Jesus, even if there were many 
 other people in the room serving and being 
 served while we prayed. 
 
 PRAYING TO THE SAINTS AND IMAGES. 
 
 An Experience Related by a South American 
 Missionary. 
 
 "In the year 1897 it was my privilege to 
 visit, on his deathbed, a man named Jose Pit- 
 taluga, who was suffering from dropsy and 
 nearing his end very speedily. I had visited 
 him on several occasions, reading God's 
 Word to him and praying for his consolation. 
 
 "On this particular day I had almost finish- 
 ed my visit when his daughter, Cecilia, came 
 in. Entering into conversation with her by 
 her father's bedside, I found that she had 
 just returned from one of very many visits
 
 84 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 made to the shrine of 'Virgin of Lujan.' As 
 we talked I listened to the account of her 
 many sufferings and her struggle for relief 
 through the means of these pilgrimages. I 
 then asked her : 'Will you tell me please, after 
 your lengthy walk to the shrine at Lujan in 
 all sorts of weather, have you ever left it 
 with a feeling of ease and consolation ?' She 
 replied, 'No sir, but I have been taught by 
 the priests both here and in Lujan, that there 
 is great virtue in that shrine and in that Vir- 
 gin. So with continued energy I have kept 
 on taking this long walk by the side of the 
 railroad track, league after league, seeking 
 relief from my mental sufferings, and for 
 healing for my sick father.' 
 / "In making this trip she had in a period 
 / of four years, tramped near six thousand 
 V. miles, over very bad roads. She recognized 
 the fact that never during that lapse of 
 time had she experienced that deep feeling 
 of ease and satisfaction her heart longed for. 
 Our conversation immediately turned to that 
 great source from which every man and 
 woman may find comfort and salvation. Af- 
 ter frequent visitations, with prayer and 
 counsel, both she and her afflicted father 
 were led to the Savior's feet and rejoiced in 
 Him as their personal Savior."
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 85 
 
 Modes of Opposition. 
 
 Many are the arts employed by the so- 
 called faithful of the Roman church by means 
 of which they strive to place obstacles in the 
 way of Protestant evangelical propaganda. 
 For instance, it is not at all uncommon in the 
 Latin Republics of South America for ene- 
 mies of the Protestant faith, and frequently 
 spies employed by the Roman Catholic cler- 
 gy, to place themselves in the vicinity oA 
 Protestant places of worship for the purpose ) 
 of preventing, as far as possible, passersby 
 from going inside. 
 
 A person is often just about to enter one 
 of these halls when he is accosted 
 by one of these spies with the following coun- 
 sel: "My friend, allow me to tell you some- 
 thing about the place you desire to enter. I 
 would have you understand that this building 
 is used by the heretical sect called Protest- 
 ants. It will be dangerous to the immortal 
 interest of your soul if you enter this hall. 
 Inside here they spit upon the virgin, insult 
 the saints and commit all sorts of devilish im- 
 proprieties. I pray you not to cross the 
 threshold. For as I have informed you, your 
 eternal interests will greatly suffer." 
 
 Frequently in the cities of San Juan and 
 Mendoza, as also in Rosario and Cordoba,
 
 86 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 Argentine, this has taken place. Such an at- 
 ti'.ude assumed by these enemies of the Pro- 
 testant faith only goes to show the base 
 methods adopted to retard the progress of 
 the gospel in the needy countries of South 
 America. 
 
 Cradle of Romanism. 
 
 Cordoba, one of the large cities of the Ar- 
 gentine Republic, is called "The Cradle of 
 Romanism." It is one of the oldest cities of 
 the Republic, being founded immediately af- 
 ter the settlement of Mendoza, which was the 
 first in Argentine. Including the suburbs, 
 Cordoba is a city of 130,000 inhabitants. 
 While a liberal government has power in 
 this Republic, this city and province has re- 
 mained a very stronghold of Romanism. 
 
 The Jesuits have been strong there 
 for three centuries. The oldest Jesuit church 
 and no doubt the oldest Roman church in 
 the Republic, is only sixteen or eighteen 
 miles from the city. From this old church, 
 the headquarters of Jesuitism, into the city 
 of Cordoba there was at an earlier period an 
 underground passage, such as is found in all 
 South American cities. 
 
 Many orders of Romanism are represented 
 in this place. We received much information 
 concerning the Roman church in Cordoba
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 87 
 
 from Father Louis Alvarez, Dean of the Cor- 
 doba Cathedral. He told us that the follow- 
 ing orders were represented with one or 
 more churches in the city: The Dominicans^ 
 Franciscans, Carmelites, Lazarites, Capuch-* 
 ins, Mercedaries and Jesuits. Perhaps the 
 reader is not aware of the fact that the Ro- 
 man Catholic church, with all of her boasted 
 oneness and criticisms about Protestantism 
 being divided into so many sects, is herself 
 one of the most divided organizations on the 
 earth. 
 
 All these orders of priests, which we have 
 just mentioned, with others, are different 
 sects or organizations within the one great 
 Roman organization. They differ in various^ 
 beliefs far more than the Presbyterians, Bap- 
 tists, Methodists and others. Some of them 
 believe in the Immaculate Conception ; others 
 do not. Some of them teach their adherents 
 to pray to Mary, and we might mention many 
 other things including cardinal doctrines of 
 the scriptures on which they are very much 
 divided. One thing, however, they all believe 
 in, and that is the Pope of Rome. The writer 
 takes pleasure in telling them that we Pro- 
 testants are one ahead of them. While they 
 all become one in the Pope, we all become 
 one in Jesus Christ.
 
 88 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 During our visit to Cordoba, the cathedral 
 was being repaired. It was built in 1650 V 
 However, it is a very fine structure already, 
 but they are covering much of the interior 
 with gold-leaf decoration. The Dean told us 
 it was to cost about $200,000. Of this amount 
 the government is paying a large part. The 
 city supports thirty-five Roman churches, the 
 cathedral being one of this number. Father 
 Alvarez told us that 40,000 people go to this 
 cathedral to confess and recognize it as their 
 church home. 
 
 Of course, the real head is the Bishop. Un- 
 der him are tMjelye priests who devote all of 
 their time to the work of the cathedral, ten 
 being employed all the while in saying and 
 singing prayers. Tlgn priests from the out- 
 side go regularly to hear confessions, making 
 twenty-two priests and the Bishop spending 
 their time in connection with this one build- 
 ing. 
 
 We asked the dean about the nuns. He told 
 us there were more than twenty convents 
 in Cordoba, and that they represented the 
 work of fifteen orders or organizations of 
 nuns, and that each organization had more 
 than two hundred nuns in it, making over 
 three ^thousand nuns in the city. He 
 also informed us that they had between 
 three and four thousand priests in
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 89 
 
 the city, making an army of between six and ] 
 seven thousand priests and nuns devoting all ] 
 their time to the work of the Roman church/ 
 in this one place. 
 
 Looking over the vital statistics of Cor- 
 doba we found more than fifty 
 
 children being born each month. The stand- 
 ard of illiteracy and impurity is alarming, 
 although these six or seven thousand men 
 and women are supposed to devote all their 
 time to the work of the so-called "only true 
 representative of Jesus Christ on earth." 
 
 In the midst of this great army, represent- 
 ing the organization that has done more to 
 encourage illiteracy and to produce illegitima- 
 cy than all other things combined, we found 
 ane_humble preacher of the gospel, repre- 
 senting the Protestant forces of the world, 
 preaching salvation through faith in Christ. 
 With him we found a small company of hum- 
 ble men and women struggling on, worship- 
 ping in a little rented hall, and much in need 
 of a church building.
 
 90 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 CHAPTER EIGHT 
 Paraguay. 
 
 Paraguay is in the southern interior of 
 South America. It is perhaps one of the\ 
 most backward, undeveloped, unevangelized ) 
 republics of the continent. From what we 
 have been able to learn of the various coun- 
 tries of South America by going through 
 them, and inquiring particularly of those who 
 have traveled more extensively, it is our judg- 
 ment that Paraguay and Ecuador are very 
 much alike regarding their neglected state, 
 as touching evangelical work. There is prac- 
 tically nothing being done in either of these 
 republics for the evangelization of the people. 
 
 The capital of Paraguay is Asuncion, a city 
 of 52,000 people. This small interior republic 
 has only a little more than 150 miles of rail- 
 road in operation, yet it is easy to reach the 
 capital and much of the entire republic on 
 steamers plying up the great Parana and 
 Paraguay rivers. 
 
 It might be well to say that these two riv- 
 ers are all one. It is called the Parana from 
 the place where it leaves the La Plata, about 
 Buenos Aires, on up to Paraguay Republic; 
 where it runs through Paraguay it is called 
 the Paraguay river.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 91 
 
 The Republic covers an area of 196,- 
 000 square miles, in which could be placed 
 both California and Maine, but its popula- 
 tion is 715,000. This, of course, does not 
 include the Indians. Statistics regarding the 
 numbers of Indians, tribes and languages, 
 are very difficult to obtain. A gentleman, who 
 has a branch place of business in Paraguay 
 and has traveled extensively through the 
 country, told the writer he was confident 
 there were at least two hundred languages 
 and dialects among theTndians of that little 
 republic alone. He also informed us, as have 
 others, that they are nearly all the same sav- 
 age of centuries ago. 
 
 This is one of the oldest Republics in 
 South America. The population, like its evan- 
 gelization, is very slow. "In 1796 when the 
 first census was taken it gave a population 
 of 97,480. In 1857 the official census gave 
 a population of 1,337,439. Further progress 
 was stopped by the wars of 1865-70 when 
 Paraguay was nearly annihilated in her' 
 struggles under the infamous JjOjjfiz, who 
 fought for five years against the combined 
 forces of Brazil, Argentine and Uruguay." 
 When these noted and notorious wars ceased 
 the inhabitants were given as 231,079. Of 
 these only 28,746 were men. In fact, it was 
 not uncommon for women, and even girls to
 
 92 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 take up guns, clubs and large knives and 
 march into battle during the struggles car- 
 ried on by this infamous general. 
 
 With such a large per cent of the popula- 
 tion women, they were, of course, forced to 
 become the bread-winners of the country. 
 Polygamy was the rule and not the exception. 
 During these days it was declared that 98^ 
 per cent of the children were illegitimate. 
 
 A railroad has been recently completed be- 
 tween Buenos Aires and Asuncion, while an- 
 other is being built from Asuncion into the 
 interior of Brazil. It is our judgment that 
 this little interior, unknown, backward, half- 
 civilized republic holds a hand of opportunity 
 to some organization with a sane, godly man 
 to go in and carry the gospel of Jesus Christ 
 to the needly people. 
 
 Incident From Paraguay. 
 
 The following was related by Rev. C. J. 
 Turner, District Superintendent of the Meth- 
 odist Episcopal church, in Argentine: 
 
 During several years work in the Repub- 
 lic of Paraguay, it was a blessed experience to 
 travel in the interior from time to time in 
 the company of a local preacher, Rev. Charles 
 J. Bogado, a native of Paraguay. He was at 
 one time a captain in the Paraguayan army 
 and passed through many very terrible expe-
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 93 
 
 riences during the five years of war, when 
 the little Republic of Paraguay was standing 
 up against Argentine, Chile and Brazil. 
 
 At the close of the war Mr. Bogado was 
 presented by the authorities with a small 
 piece of land so that he might provide for the 
 necessities of his family, and he settled down 
 for a quiet life. 
 
 One day while walking down the main 
 street of the town of Ita he saw, lying on 
 the side of the street, a piece of paper and 
 stooped to pick it up. As he read the page 
 he was struck with the beauty of what he 
 read, and said to himself, "Such words as 
 these can only come from some good book. I 
 must go and see the priest and get informa- 
 tion regarding it." 
 
 He went to the parish priest and showed 
 him the paper. The priest flew angry and 
 said, "Capt. Bogado, do you know from what 
 this piece of paper has been taken?" "No, 
 Father, I do not know," he replied. The priest 
 raged, "This is a page out of the Bible, a book 
 absolutely prohibited in the Paraguayan Re- 
 public," and tore the paper into little pieces, 
 throwing it on the floor. 
 
 Mr. Bogado in his turn, became angry and 
 reproached the priest for having destroyed 
 that which was not his; and gathering to- 
 gether all the pieces of the paper from the
 
 94 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 floor, he resolved to search until he might 
 procure a copy of the book containing simi- 
 lar words. 
 
 After something like three months he ob- 
 tained a copy of the New Testament. Care- 
 fully scrutinizing the pages he came to cer- 
 tain passages of St. John's gospel and read in 
 the third chapter the memorable words which 
 he had read on the dirty piece of paper found 
 on the street of Ita "For God so loved the 
 world that He gave His only begotten Son 
 that whosoever believeth on Him should not 
 perish, but have everlasting life." In the si-^ 
 lence of that night hour Bogado gave himself 1 
 to God and believed the truth of those pre^ 
 cious words. 
 
 Since that time he has traveled up and 
 down the Paraguayan Republic carrying the 
 Word of Life and preaching the same simple 
 message to the down-trodden people of that 
 country. 
 
 This is a striking illustration of what can 
 be accomplished by giving the gospel to these 
 needy people on the printed page. We could 
 recount more than one incident of how a 
 mere tract, a dirty piece of paper, one of the 
 gospels of the New Testament has been pick- 
 ed up, or handed to some hungry soul in 
 Latin America, who has been led to Christ 
 in this way.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 95 
 
 CHAPTER NINE 
 Uruguay. 
 
 When viewed from the map little Uruguay 
 looks very much like a joke in the way of an 
 independent nation, a republic of its own. 
 Uruguay is the smallest of the South Ameri- 
 can republics, and with the exception of 
 French and Dutch Guianas, it is the smallest 
 of all South American countries. Yet it is 
 seen on the map as located in between the 
 Republic of Argentine and the United States 
 of Brazil, the two largest countries in South 
 America. Brazil being larger than the Uni- 
 ted States, and Argentine larger than all the 
 territory lying east of the Mississippi river. 
 
 But when the traveler steps off the boat 
 in the proud, well-ordered city of Montevideo, 
 the thought of Uruguay being a joke soon 
 slips from the mind, and the magnificent city, 
 the beautiful parks, streets and avenues, with 
 the 350,000 people, loom up before the eye. 
 
 Small as it is, Uruguay has a population 
 of more than a million people. Her commerce 
 with the outside world reaches a total of 
 nearly a hundred million dollars per year, 
 and this is the only republic in South Ameri- 
 ca where their currency is on a 
 
 One dollar of Uruguay money is worth about 
 $1.04 American money.
 
 96 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 There is perhaps no other country in the 
 neglected continent where Romanism has less 
 influence and where the doors are more wide- 
 ly thrown open to Protestant missionaries. 
 Yet there is comparatively little being done 
 along evangelistic lines. This neglect is not 
 due to the fact that the people do not want 
 the gospel. We found them very receptive. 
 We saw large crowds in the altars, and they 
 gave every evidence of a real change of heart. 
 In the rapidly growing city of Montevideo, 
 the capital, and in other places throughout 
 the Republic, we found a marvelous field for 
 successful missionary work. 
 
 Wearing Images. 
 
 The deplorable and alarming extent to 
 which the idolatrous image practice is carried 
 in Roman Catholic countries can scarcely be 
 described, and is altogether unbelievable 
 where Romanism is not free from the re- 
 straints of Protestantism. 
 
 Those who are acquainted in Roman coun- 
 tries know that they have hundreds of im- 
 ages of Mary under different names. One 
 never enters a church but that there are va- 
 rious images of the Mother of Jesus to be 
 seen, and also the "saints" not only of Bible 
 times, but those who have been canonized 
 in later years. Perhaps the reader is not
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 97 
 
 aware of the fact that the very men who 
 were leaders in the inquisition, even the man 
 who instituted the inquisition, have been 
 "canonized" and their images are now wor- 
 shipped everywhere. The "saints" are in- 
 creasing every year. 
 
 We have visited places ourselves where 
 certain devout Romanists in by-gone days, 
 now have their images placed in churches 
 where their grandchildren go to pray to 
 them. It is surprising the faith the poor, 
 ignorant people have in these images. They 
 are not only found in the churches, but just 
 as a small cross is worn by the priest and 
 nun in the United States, these small images 
 in the shape of a medal are worn around the 
 necks of the membership at large through 
 these Spanish countries. They are especially 
 anxious to secure some image of Mary and 
 also certain images of Jesus. These, how- 
 ever, are not just images representing Mary 
 as the Mother of Jesus, or representing Je- 
 sus as the Son of God, but they are small 
 images in the form of a medal representing 
 other large images of Mary and Jesus. 
 
 For instance, the most noted image of Je- 
 sus in all Central America is the one at Es- 
 quipulas called "The Black Christ", or the 
 "Blessed Lord of Esquipulas". Of this large 
 wooden image 49 1-2 inches high, hundreds
 
 98 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 of thousands of small images on medals to 
 be worn about the neck are made in Europe, 
 shipped to Central America, sold broadcast 
 by the priests. 
 
 The writer bought a gross of these images 
 and was assured by the one selling them 
 that they had all been blessed and every one 
 had great miraculous power. 
 
 One of the greatest examples of this fraud 
 and superstitious practice by the Roman 
 priests with their ignorant members as a 
 means of securing money, was related by 
 Rev. F. G. Penzotti, who for thirty-six years 
 has been doing missionary and Bible work 
 all through South America. Rev. Penzotti 
 was present in a Roman Catholic service in 
 Ecuador where the priest was selling small 
 images to be worn about the necks of his 
 members. This particular one was an image 
 of Mary. In his public address, while urging 
 the people to purchase them, he told them it 
 was wonderful the power the images had. 
 
 "For instance," he said, "a man was work- 
 ing on a very high building, and wore one of 
 these images around his neck, when the scaf- 
 fold broke and he started to fall ; but strange 
 to say, as he fell he began going slower and 
 slower until when he reached the ground he 
 touched it very lightly and walked off entire- 
 ly unharmed by the fall, which would have
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 99 
 
 dashed to pieces anyone not wearing the im- 
 age." 
 
 Proceeding with his recommendation he 
 told of another case in which he said : "A fire 
 had broken out; the city was being swept; 
 the firemen were doing the best work they 
 possibly could, but found it impossible to 
 check the fire. The water seemed not to 
 have any effect on it. When, lo and behold, a 
 man rushed down the street carrying in his 
 hands one of these images. Rushing up to 
 the burning buildings he held aloft this im- 
 age of Mary, and waving it in the air, he 
 cried 'Stop! stop!' Strange to say the fire 
 ceased, and this image had accomplished 
 what the firemen could not." 
 
 The "reverend holy father" then proceed- 
 ed to put his goods on the market. 
 
 Our purpose in asking for missionaries to 
 go and others to give while all should pray, 
 is that this people may have the gospel of 
 Jesus Christ instead of such superstitious 
 teachings ; that they may have Jesus instead 
 of an image; that they may have salvation 
 instead of this superstition. For "Whosoever 
 shall call upon the name of the Lord shall 
 be saved ; how then shall they call on Him in 
 whom they have not believed ; and how shall 
 they believe in Him of whom they have not 
 heard; and how shall they hear without a 
 preacher; and how shall they preach except 
 they be sent?" Who will send?
 
 100 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 CHAPTER TEN 
 Brazil. 
 
 The Republic of Brazil represents more 
 than one-half of all South America. It covers 
 one-fifth the territory of both North and 
 South America. It is the fpjirjth largest 
 country in the world. It has 42 seaports, the 
 greatest river system in the world, and it is 
 judged that it does not know its own area or 
 condition; and less is known of the interior 
 of Brazil than is known of Africa. 
 
 About as little is known of the population 
 of Brazil as is known of its area. From most 
 statistics given (which are simply guesses 
 of various men) it seems to have a popula- 
 tion of near 20 million, which is from one- + 
 third to one-half the entire population of the 
 continent of South America. 
 
 The negro was brought to Brazil as a slave 
 about the same time he was brought to the 
 United States, but slavery continued in Bra- 
 zil twenty years longer than in the States. 
 Unlike the other South and Central American 
 Republics, the language of Brazil is Portu- 
 guese. This, of course, does not include the 
 Indians, which have their scores and per- 
 haps a few hundred languages and dialects. 
 
 In the interior there are hundreds of thous- 
 ands of square miles unexplored, uncivilized,
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 101 
 
 and in no sense evangelized. The wild In- 
 dian, savage Indian, even the Indian cannibal, 
 remain in these forests and on the rivers as 
 they did centuries ago. 
 
 It was this South American Republic that 
 brought up the rear guard in American inde- 
 pendence, being the last one to declare and 
 gain her liberty from European powers. This 
 took place in 1888, and the constitution was 
 adopted in ,1891. This, like other constitutions 
 was modeled after the constitution of the 
 United States. 
 
 The second largest city in South America, 
 and one of the largest south of the Equator, 
 is the capital of Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, being 
 translated into English means "River of Jan- 
 uary". The harbor at Rio is counted the 
 most beautiful one on_earth and the writer 
 has never seen what impressed him as a 
 more beautiful sight. Its beautiful harbor, 
 splendid boulevards and public buildings, 
 give it the appearance of a veritable park to 
 the visitor. 
 
 Sao Paulo, the seaport for which is Santos, 
 is the great commercial metropolis of the 
 country. This is the great coffee district. Sao 
 Paulo is a city of more than 300,000 popula- 
 tion, and although it is within fifty miles of 
 the coast the elevation is such that it is some- 
 times called the "Denver of Brazil".
 
 102 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 The Republic of Brazil is just beginning 
 to awaken on the question of railroad con- 
 struction, now having between thirteen and /^ 
 fourteen thousand miles in operation. The 
 Amazon river is navigable for more than two) 
 thousand miles for great ocean liners. Its^ 
 tributaries provide over 20,000 miles of wa- / 
 terway for boats drawing nine feet of waterX 
 
 The population of Brazil is very much mix- 
 ed. They have more negroes than any other 
 South American Republic. One-third are 
 white; one-fourth negro; one-half mixed 
 blood of Indian, negro and white, while the 
 remainder are Indians. 
 
 So far as Brazil's laws are concerned it is 
 the |reest from the power of Romanism in 
 South America. The Roman Catholic church 
 is not recognized in Brazil as the state 
 church. This, of course, is more law than 
 practice. We have ridden along on the street^ 
 cars and watched the men, young and old,) 
 reverently lift their hats every time the car 
 passed a Roman Catholic church. But like the 
 Spanish- American countries, the more intelli- 
 gent men, being disgusted with Romanism, 
 and not having been offered anything better, 
 are turning from religion altogether, taking 
 up various forms of unbelief. 
 
 "Behold, now is the accepted time ; behold, 
 now is the day of salvation" for Brazil.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 103 
 
 CHAPTER ELEVEN 
 The Guianas. 
 
 We have mentioned, in a very few words, 
 each country in South America, except Brit- 
 ish, Dutch and French Guianas. We have not 
 referred to these on account of the fact that 
 we were dealing particularly with "Latin 
 America". These three small colonies of 
 Great Britain, Holland and France lie be- 
 tween the Equator and ten degrees latitude 
 north. All three have a coast line on the At- 
 lantic ocean. 
 
 British Guiana is the largest and most 
 northern. It is bounded on the north by Ven- 
 ezuela and extends to Brazil in the interior. 
 Joining it immediately on the south is Dutch 
 Guiana, which also borders on Brazil, farther 
 south is French Guiana bounded by Brazil 
 and Dutch Guiana. 
 
 The three represent a population of less 
 than a half million. The British and D.utch 
 possessions are the best provided for, in an 
 evangelical way, of any South American 
 countries. While the little French possession 
 is, so far as we can learn, entirely neglected. 
 
 Nearly 200,000 East Indians have been 
 brought to these European colonies and they 
 have their Hindu and Mohammedan worship, 
 
 env 
 
 eyl 
 
 in.*
 
 104 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 child marriage and brutality of women, just 
 as in India. For these East Indians very lit- 
 tle is being done, or even attempted. In both 
 of the larger and more northern possessions 
 perfect liberty is given to preaching the gos- 
 pel, and the missionary is well protected by 
 the laws of the colonies. 
 
 It has been our privilege in both of these 
 places to preach and see many souls seek His 
 peace. The support of workers here is less 
 expensive than in any other part of the neg- 
 lected continent. Here are great opportuni- 
 ties for Spirit-filled men and women who do 
 not speak any other than the English lan- 
 guage. 
 
 Good Liquor in the Name of Religion. 
 
 Those who only know Romanism in Pro- 
 testant countries where the Bible and Pro- 
 testant ministers compel the priests to be 
 respectable, have little or no conception of 
 how they live and what they preach where 
 they are not thus hindered. The following 
 report of the priest's sermon in Callao, Peru, 
 which appeared in the daily paper of the 
 place, El Diario, will give the reader some 
 idea of what is given in the name of religion 
 in these countries. This man who claims to 
 be the true representative of God on earth, 
 said:
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 105 
 
 "As I have said to you, beloved hearers, \ 
 follow the good way, that you fail not to ob- 
 tain the reward of your virtues. Yes, yonder 
 in the mansion of the Almighty, surrounded 
 by angels, cherubim and seraphim, archan- 
 gels and saints, realizing the eternal life of 
 that blessedness which shall never end for 
 in that great Hotel where everything is gra- 
 tuitous, ye shall find means of satisfying your 
 tastes and caprices with the most exquisite 
 delights. Ah, Italians, what delicious macar- 
 onies, what tallarinis, with excellent Barbara 
 wine, and foaming Marsala and Moscato. You 
 Germans, will be able to drink and bathe in 
 seas of beer. You Spaniards, will have your 
 rich plates of rice a la Valenciana, savoury 
 cod fish, a la Viscaina, and the good wine of 
 Carlon. You French, after all the plates ye 
 know how to prepare, you shall have the ne 
 plus ultra, with good Bordeaux and other de- 
 licious wines, and champagne to cheer the 
 soul. You, children of South America, shall 
 enjoy the savoury 'carne con cuero', corn 
 meal, well ground and cooked with milk, not 
 failing the fried .cakes and the choice Para- 
 guayan 'mate' and amidst all this you shall 
 sing together eternal praises to the Celestial 
 Father. 
 
 "But, you unfortunates, who persist in sin, 
 ah, God will condemn you to the deep abysses
 
 106 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 of hell, and there, amid the eternal flames, 
 you shall be surrounded by fire, fire below, 
 fire above, fire on all sides you shall eat fire 
 and drink fire, and shoot out fire from your 
 eyes, your ears, from your mouth and from 
 all the pores of your body. 
 
 "My dear beloved brethren, I must tell you 
 that beside that great Hotel, there are caul- 
 drons of boiling pitch, in which to submerge 
 the Protestants, Masons and all others who 
 are the enemies of the Roman Apostolic Re- 
 ligion. Withdraw yourselves from those ac- 
 cursed associations of carnivorous monsters, 
 as far as possible, and give them neither 
 bread, clothing nor shelter. Leave them to 
 die like mad dogs ; for they are not the chil- 
 dren of God, but the children of Satan, eter- 
 nally condemned to burn in the flames, never 
 ceasing to suffer the torment of that fire 
 which shall consume them to the very bowels. 
 
 "The Holy Spirit be with you, and may He 
 accompany you forever, in the name of the 
 Most Holy Trinity, let us retire in peace, 
 protected by Divine Grace." 
 
 May we ask the reader the question, is 
 Romanism in South America Christianity? 
 Do they need missionaries? Do you want to 
 help?
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 107 
 
 CHAPTER TWELVE 
 Venezuela. 
 
 One of the sad things about South Ameri- 
 ca, which should drive Christian people in 
 the United States to their knees in earnest 
 prayer is the fact that the most neglected, 
 less evangelized and uneducated parts of the 
 neglected continent are the countries lying 
 nearest the United States. This may be ex- 
 plained in part by the fact that these are 
 tropical countries and that the energy of the 
 people in these sections has been affected by 
 the climate. Of course, the principal trouble 
 is they have not been given the Bible. Jesus 
 Christ has not been preached to them. 
 
 Venezuela, with a population of nearly 
 three million, or to be accurate (using the 
 only published statistics) 2,664,000, is large- 
 ly without the gospel. Some work is being 
 carried on by the Presbyterian church and a 
 very little also by some small independent 
 missions. 
 
 The area of Venezuela is more than 400,- 
 000 square miles. Caracas, the capital, is an 
 attractive point to be visited by tourists, as 
 it is reached from Port la Guayra by a short, 
 but very scenic railroad. It has a population 
 of 70,000 people.
 
 108 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 With the area and natural resources of 
 Venezuela it could easily maintain more than 
 25,000,000 people. Its foreign trade in 1909 
 amounted to nearly $27,000,000. The extent 
 of commerce between this country and the 
 United States was a little more than nine 
 million dollars. 
 
 The principal products of this neighbor Re- 
 public of ours, are coffee, cocoa, balata gum, 
 rubber, hides, skins, gold, cattle, asphalt, 
 etc. The total length of railways in opera- 
 tion is about 540 miles. The great channel 
 of communication through the interior is the 
 Orinoco river with its branches. This won- 
 derful river, with its tributaries, has a total 
 navigable length of 4,000 miles. In the west- 
 ern section the waters of Lake Maracaybo 
 make other parts of the Republic accessible. 
 
 The entire Orinoco district, with cities va- 
 rying in population from three to twenty-five 
 thousand, has nothing whatever being done 
 along missionary lines. There are wonderful 
 possibilities for God and salvation work in 
 this neglected neighboring republic, espe- 
 cially up the Orinoco Valley. This is made 
 very accessible by the river boats running 
 regularly from Port of Spain, Trinidad, at 
 which point connections are made with ves- 
 sels from all parts of the world. Ciudad Bol- 
 ivar, the principal city on the Orinoco river,
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 109 
 
 furnishes a most opportune opening for some- 
 one to enter this great neglected field with 
 the gospel of Jesus Christ. 
 
 The Fruit of Tract Work. 
 
 The wife of a missionary in South America 
 tells of her brother's conversion as follows: 
 
 After my father came to Argentine from 
 England he had some very severe testings in 
 his family life which caused him to drift 
 away from the Lord. He was a devoted 
 Christian before leaving home, but after 
 coming out here one of his sons, who was my 
 half-brother, became very reckless and this 
 broke my father's heart. 
 
 For eight years we never heard from this 
 boy, but finally we got word that he was 
 mixed up with a very bad company and was 
 really with a group of bandits, stealing ani- 
 mals. His photo appeared in the daily pa- 
 pers, and that was the first news we had of 
 him. My father fainted at the news, as it 
 seemed to be too much for him. This had 
 all occurred as a result of there being no 
 religious services in the town where we lived 
 at that time. 
 
 In the office father used to shed bitter 
 tears, and his friends would say, "Don't wor- 
 ry, come and have a drink," and so he com- 
 menced the drink habit, causing great sor-
 
 110 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 row to the family. But mother and I stood 
 steadfast, praying for both father and broth- 
 er. 
 
 The first thing I did when I heard of my 
 brother being in the prison of St. Nicholas, 
 Argentine, was to send him a kind letter and 
 also a tract. (The Sunday school paper of the 
 Methodist church). Then I wrote to the pub- 
 lishers and arranged with them to have this 
 sent to him in prison each week direct from 
 the publishing house. Through this tract 
 he was converted, as well as many others in 
 the prison. They began religious services in 
 the prison, and so far as I can learn they 
 continue these meetings until the present. 
 
 Among the number converted was a Mr. 
 Guerrero, who was treasurer of the munici- 
 pal government of Rojas, and had been sent 
 to the prison for robbing the treasury. He 
 remained true to the Lord until he served 
 his term, and after leaving his prison life 
 dedicated himself to the work of a Bible col- 
 porteur for the American Bible Society.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 111 
 
 CHAPTER THIRTEEN 
 Church Growth on the Mission Field. 
 
 We have seen many churches on the mis- 
 sion field run at an expense of one-half, or 
 even less than one-fourth that of an average 
 church in the homeland, where the results 
 were such that it would put the home church 
 to shame. We have seen such churches many 
 times. We have in mind at the present one in 
 particular located in South America, in a city 
 of two hundred thousand inhabitants. This 
 is an inland city of which one rarely hears. 
 In fact, when we started there on the train, 
 we supposed we were going to a place of 
 five or ten thousand people, but upon arriving 
 we found it a city of two hundred thousand 
 instead, with splendid electric car system and 
 thousands of automobiles. 
 
 There is very little being done in this city 
 along the line of salvation work. Perhaps 
 there ,are three organizations supporting 
 that many native workers. We had the priv- 
 ilege of spending two days in one of these 
 churches. We found a building with seating 
 capacity much larger than the average 
 church at home. When organized they had 
 178 full members with 94 probationers. Now
 
 112 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 they have 280 full members with 260 pro- 
 bationers. They have services every night ex- 
 cept Saturday. They conduct six Sunday 
 schools with over 600 children attending 
 these various schools. Every Sunday they 
 preach the gospel in the public square to 
 large crowds, and in the penitentiary where 
 350 prisoners listen to the story of salvation. 
 
 We spent one Sunday with this native pas- 
 tor, and his presiding elder accompanied us 
 as interpreter. As we were to preach at elev- 
 en o'clock to the English-speaking congrega- 
 tion in the city we had arranged a nine 
 o'clock service for the Spanish church on 
 Sunday morning. At this early morning ser- 
 vice we spoke on the baptism of the Holy 
 Ghost, and tried to see how clear and definite 
 we could be about this experience for Chris- 
 tion people, and that it resulted in the car- 
 nal inind being destroyed, the heart cleansed 
 and the Holy Spirit enthroned as an abiding 
 Comforter, enabling us to witness for Jesus. 
 
 At the close of our sermon we reviewed the 
 message of the hour again stating that this 
 experience was only for Christian people. We 
 then asked those who knew they were not 
 right with God and wanted the Lord to for- 
 give all their sins to come and kneel in the 
 altar. To this we had a glad response. After 
 these had knelt we asked all who knew they
 
 
 A South American Indian With the Gospel.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 113 
 
 were right with God and wanted Him to 
 cleanse their hearts and give them the Holy 
 Ghost, to come and kneel. Immediately upon 
 giving the invitation, this educated native 
 pastor, who was sitting down in front sprang 
 to his feet and turning to his congregation, 
 he motioned them to the altar saying, "Come 
 on, let's get this experience." And Bro. Bar- 
 roetavena, the pastor, led the way, being the 
 first to kneel seeking the Holy Ghost. Nearly 
 a hundred of his people followed their pastor 
 to the altar. 
 
 That afternoon at 2:30 o'clock and again 
 that night at 8:00 o'clock we saw more than 
 a hundred people kneel in the altar seeking 
 salvation. Monday night the congregation 
 was larger and the number in the altar still 
 greater than at either of the preceding ser- 
 vices. 
 
 Upon our return to the coast we were to 
 pass through this city the following Thurs- 
 day night, and as we would have a few hours 
 between trains, they asked for another ser- 
 vice, to which we agreed. Our train was late 
 and we had to go from the depot to the ser- 
 vice. We found the building crowded and at 
 the invitation we saw the altar filled with 
 people seeking God. 
 
 It might be well for us to state also that 
 while this native church is doing a work
 
 114 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 which will put the home churches to shame, 
 it is doing this work without one cent of mis- 
 sionary money, for it is entirely self-sup- 
 porting. In fact, they are not only making 
 this progress without missionary money, but 
 are giving much themselves. We have never 
 visited a church where we were more de- 
 lighted with the spirit of the members. 
 
 At these special services many people at- 
 tended their first Protestant service. When 
 the scripture lesson was being read we were 
 melted to tears as we saw members of the 
 church all over this large building slipping 
 here and there offering an open Bible to the 
 stranger, that they might follow the presid- 
 ing elder as he read the Scripture lesson. 
 
 When we were asking those who knew they 
 were right with God to come forward and 
 pray with the penitents, we would scarcely 
 give the invitation until it seemed half the 
 congregation was on their feet, and we have 
 seen the aisles crowded with native Chris- 
 tians on their knees pleading with God for 
 the salvation of the people. Whether it pays 
 we leave the reader to decide. 
 
 On a railroad running out from this city 
 there are three other cities within fifty miles 
 of this one, each with a population of several 
 thousand. These three cities could be easily 
 evangelized from this main church if they
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 115 
 
 had a good native worker to labor under the 
 direction of this pastor. When we left the 
 pastor furnished the presiding elder with a 
 map he had drawn of these places with their 
 needs and possibilities, urging him to put it 
 before us, and asked that we get others to 
 pray earnestly that the Lord would furnish 
 the money necessary to open up this new 
 work.
 
 116 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 CHAPTER FOURTEEN 
 Evangelism in South America. 
 
 We seriously doubt if there is another 
 place on the earth where real scriptural, Holy 
 Ghost evangelism is more needed, and will 
 be a greater success than in South America, 
 especially that part of the continent south 
 of the Equator. 
 
 It is possible that India would be as fruit- 
 ful or even more so, but the urgent needs are 
 perhaps not so great because there is already 
 much being done there, and so little in South 
 America. There are many difficulties to en- 
 counter in the latter place, but the opportuni- 
 ties are greater. There is perhaps no other 
 mission field where it is more expensive to 
 do missionary work than South America, but 
 outside of India, we do not believe there is 
 another place where the opportunities are 
 one-half so great, especially for immediate 
 results. 
 
 That the South American will leave Ro- 
 manism is already settled. The old type of 
 Romanism down here is such that it cannot 
 possibly stand before the tide of education, 
 civilization and progress, so manifest in these 
 countries. One seldom sees a college or uni-
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 117 
 
 versity student who holds to the old church. 
 The rule is, they are bitter enemies of it. 
 They are open to light and easily reached by 
 the truth. 
 
 The present force of missionaries cannot 
 properly care for those who have already pro- 
 fessed faith in Christ, and for them to make 
 any marked advance on the enemy in the 
 way of real evangelistic work is entirely out 
 of the question. In many cases, the greatest 
 work is needed among the missionaries and 
 native preachers themselves. We would not 
 leave the impression that they are backslid- 
 den ; no, not for a minute ; for as a rule, we 
 have found saints of God among them. But 
 they do need the Holy Ghost; they need a 
 Peter who has been to the upper room at 
 Pentecost to visit them as the one of old 
 visited Cornelius. They told us what we have 
 often felt: "Bro. Taylor, we feel the need 
 of a revival held by someone else, so we can 
 be refreshed and have our faith strengthen- 
 ed." Greater than this, however, they need 
 a Spirit-filled evangelist, who is sane and 
 careful, to help lead the host up against the 
 enemy, gain the attention of new people, and 
 lead them to accept the truth. The right 
 man in these places, backed by the pastors, 
 could have a few thousand conversions in a 
 year, and could do wonders in the way of
 
 118 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 helping the older Christians and getting them 
 pushed out into active Christian work. 
 
 Such an evangelist should have the Holy 
 Ghost himself, so he could preach Him to 
 others. This man should have the language so 
 he could not only preach in Spanish, but in- 
 struct the penitents and deal with the multi- 
 tude of difficult cases coming before him when 
 they ask the privilege of private counsel. He 
 should be one with many years of experience 
 on the field, for a new man does not know 
 how to deal with the situation. This man 
 should by all means be a MAN. The men of 
 Latin- America are tired of a "woman's relig- 
 ion". They want to hear a man preach who 
 is manly, one who lives a clean life, and yet 
 one who can touch shoulders with men and 
 offer a religion that will appeal to an enlight- 
 ened, progressive man. 
 
 We know just such a man. He could spend 
 his time in this way instead of in pastoral 
 work if we had his support as an evangelist. 
 His present support would necessarily go to 
 his successor as a pastor.
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 119 
 
 CHAPTER FIFTEEN 
 The Accepted Hour. 
 
 It is now almost four hundred years since 
 South America was taken in charge by the 
 Spaniards, and the old Indian regime gradual- 
 ly put down. It was at this time that they 
 began forcing the "cross" upon the Indian. In 
 many cases where he refused it, or was slow 
 to embrace it, he met instant death at the 
 command of the priest, who would cry out to 
 the soldiers in such words as: "Kill the dog; 
 why spare him longer; go upon him instant- 
 ly; I absolve you." 
 
 During these four hundred years there 
 has never been a time so important for South 
 America as the present. The mind in these 
 countries is passing through a transitional 
 period. Romanism has been honestly and 
 faithfully tried, but it has failed, and as a 
 whole, the people are done with it, turning en 
 masse from it. This is not so true of the 
 women, especially the uneducated ones, as it 
 is of the men, who have already given up the 
 Roman Catholic church. They speak as an 
 ex-senator of one of the leading republics of 
 South America said one day to a missionary. 
 We were holding a revival in the capital city
 
 120 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 of his country ; much interest was manifested 
 and the results of the meeting were being 
 seen among the young ladies in the college 
 for young women, where his daughter was 
 in school. 
 
 After asking what the Protestants taught, 
 he said: "That is the kind of religion our 
 country needs. I am tired of my wife running 
 to the priest and telling him everything, ex- 
 pecting him to forgive her. There is nothing 
 in it. Roman Catholicism will do for ignorant 
 people, but educated people cannot put up 
 with it." He closed his conversation by say- 
 ing, "I want my daughter to get your kind 
 of religion." 
 
 Since South American Romanism is all 
 they have known of Christianity, they are 
 disgusted with it and turning to agnosticism. 
 For this they are to be complimented rather 
 than condemned, for no intelligent man can 
 be expected to believe in the teachings and 
 practices of the Romanism of these countries. 
 And since this is what they have understood 
 Christianity to be they cannot be condemned 
 for turning from it. 
 
 On the other hand, they should really be 
 commended for rejecting the so-called Chris- 
 tian religion which they have had to endure 
 for four hundred years. But they should be 
 diligently taught that what they have had is
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 121 
 
 not Christianity at all; that it is rather pa- 
 ganism with a Christian name paganism 
 with Christian baptism. 
 
 At the present time these people, in fact, 
 hardly believe anything. They are not in any 
 sense Romanists, and yet they are not set- 
 tled in their unbelief. A change is certain and 
 imminent, and at just this changing, transi- 
 tional period is the time of all times to ap- 
 proach them with an intelligent teaching of 
 Christ and the Christian religion. 
 
 Just as there has not been a time in the 
 last four hundred years when everything was 
 so opportune for this as the present, so we 
 are persuaded there will not be another time, 
 perhaps in the next four hundred years when 
 it will be as easy to preach the gospel here 
 and get a receptive ear as at present. The 
 wrath of man is now being made to praise 
 Him and the very wickedness and failures of 
 the Roman church have brought about this 
 rare opportunity for the Gospel. Shall we 
 enter this wide open door and answer these 
 millions of hungry, disappointed hearts as 
 they cry, "Come over and help us" ? Or will 
 we leave them to their own wretched doom 
 and then try to save the next generation 
 from their infidelity? Truly, now is the ac- 
 cepted time, and now is the day of salvation 
 for this people, if they are ever to be saved.
 
 122 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 CHAPTER SIXTEEN 
 Good-Bye. 
 
 An evangelistic campaign on mission fields 
 in foreign countries is a strange and unequal- 
 led mixture of joy and sorrow, gladness and 
 regrets, hearty receptions and sad good-byes. 
 The heart strings are pulled on until they are 
 almost broken in leaving home and loved 
 ones. When the field has been reached and 
 hungry souls by the hundred and even thous- 
 ands, are seeking salvation, there is surely 
 no joy to excel it. But at the close of each 
 meeting new ties, so recently made, but bind- 
 ing closely, must be broken. The very tokens 
 they give, turn themselves into messengers 
 for the remainder of the journey, calling up 
 pleasant memories and the new-made friends 
 who were bidden good-bye so early. 
 
 These little tokens consist of various things 
 at times they are the idol, the image which 
 the "convert" had prayed to before being 
 saved from sin; many, many times have we 
 waved good-bye to lone missionaries, native 
 workers and young converts as they stood on 
 the shore watching our vessel pull out. The 
 other vessel, for some of them have already 
 pulled out for the Heavenly shore, and our
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 123 
 
 next meeting will be over there. Those we 
 love, and those we have had reason to call 
 friends, and love as such are much scatter- 
 ed, and a large per cent, of them are "on the 
 field" ; some are living in trash covered huts 
 with dirt floors, but on these same floors they 
 bow their knees no more to idols, but kneel 
 before our God in humble heart worship and 
 adoration. 
 
 However, they do not all worship God, and 
 have not all given up their idols, for some 
 of the kindest acts and most friendly favors 
 we have received have been from the hands 
 of some poor old heathen men, some of the 
 young men, others old and white-haired 
 chiefs. They have housed and fed me ; they 
 have "shown me the way", given me a drink 
 of cold water, and though it was not in the 
 Master's name we have a feeling they will 
 still have their reward for it. 
 
 These friends at times have represented 
 some of the leading dignitaries of various 
 churches, but more often humble, lonely and 
 even under-paid and under-fed missionaries ; 
 some going on long trips to meet me, help 
 me, hear and pray for me. We have at times 
 received these favors when their own wife or 
 child was languishing on a bed of sickness. 
 
 A large army have been the native preach- 
 ers and workers. Of course, they are just
 
 124 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 men, of like passions as we; they have their 
 faults, make their mistakes, and sometimes 
 some of them fall, but we have seen them 
 seemingly fail, when they had put up a much 
 harder fight than have many of us at home 
 when we seemed to succeed. 
 
 Some of these have set us down at the table 
 and wanted to wait until we had first eaten. 
 Much of their sacrifice for our comforts can- 
 not be mentioned. Do we love them ? the word 
 yes is weak. 
 
 Here comes a larger group; many, many 
 of their names we can call; many more of 
 their faces are graven on our memory ; they 
 are the saints of God ; the salt of the earth, 
 who have fought in the rank and file of the 
 army ; the native Christians who began with 
 us and remained in the thickest of the bat- 
 tle until victory was declared, until the last 
 sermon, the last song, prayer and amen. We 
 have seldom met men and women in the 
 homeland just like them. A few of this class 
 have been business and professional men, but 
 most of them have been poor, hard-working 
 men and women; many of them had gone 
 deep in sin. In some cases their children went 
 to see them married. Can the reader imagine 
 a man and woman having from three to 
 twelve children and all these children going 
 to see their father and mother marry? In
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 125 
 
 many cases these friends are bare-footed, 
 very illiterate, among the poorest of the poor. 
 But they would work hard all day and help 
 pray and shout at night. When some of them 
 have asked the blessings of God upon us as 
 we sailed for another field, or climbed on our 
 mule for another town or village, we have 
 felt that it really stood for more than the 
 hands of the Bishop on our head. 
 
 But if the reader will pause a moment we 
 will ask a real army to pass by. This is the 
 largest company of all, and shall we say, the 
 most loved of all? This is the company for 
 whom we pray regularly, and over whose 
 failures we weep as though they were our 
 own. These are they who have been convert- 
 ed in our meetings, several thousand in all, 
 from every walk of life. They represent the 
 city, town and hamlet; they are from dis- 
 tant mountain huts and interior tribes. Some 
 of them tramped for days to reach the place 
 where the Word was being preached. These 
 are the trophies He has given us for the con- 
 quest. These are the diamonds we have been 
 able to pick up on the way; the fish He has 
 helped us pull out of the deep broad sea of 
 sin. Some are now preaching the gospel to 
 others; some are at the head of families; 
 some, we are afraid, have "gone back", but 
 we pray that they may return.
 
 126 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 Do we love them? Ask the mother if she 
 loves her child, ask the father what that boy 
 is to him. These are my children; their suc- 
 cess and victory gladdens my heart, and their 
 mistakes break my heart. Will the reader 
 pray for our children? God bless them. To 
 tell them all of them good-bye is hard. We 
 always know we cannot hope to see them all 
 again. 
 
 Our last tour of South America was all we 
 have mentioned. From the very beginning the 
 power, success and victories began increasing 
 and multiplying. It seemed as we watched the 
 various meetings of from one to four or five 
 days while we pressed on from one country 
 to another, that the Almighty had contracted 
 to make each succeeding meeting greater 
 than the last. This was true right up to the 
 end of the campaign when we finally reached 
 Montevideo, Uruguay, with tired bodies, 
 rather on the homesick list, and with some 
 local difficulties in the way. Bro. Reid and 
 the writer covenanted together to ask our 
 Heavenly Father to finish up the tour in the 
 same order that it had gone through all these 
 months. 
 
 The first noticeable feature was the fact) 
 that more than half our congregations were 
 outside people. The next was the church 
 the altar for perfect love. Victory continued ;
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 127 
 
 the crowds increased, and the altar services 
 grew in power. 
 
 Our ship was to leave on Friday, June 12. 
 Thursday night must be our last service. The 
 church was packed. The pastors, dean of the 
 Theological school, and the young preachers 
 were there doing their best, as they had been 
 from the beginning; yes, the pastors' wives 
 were there as they had been, working as we 
 have seldom seen women do. They visited 
 and prayed, and God used them. 
 
 At six p. m. two pastors, their wives and 
 the head of the theological school came to 
 the hotel where we dined together. At eight 
 o'clock preached the last sermon, the altar 
 had been filled and we were just ready to 
 close when a gentleman arose and with well 
 chosen words made a few remarks concern- 
 ing the meeting just closing; then a young 
 woman from the Sunday school arose and in 
 Spanish spoke of our work in their midst, and 
 presented each of us with a most beautiful 
 bunch of flowers. In replying, we told them 
 we felt it was not only the good-bye service 
 for Montevideo and Uruguay, but for all the 
 South American tour. 
 
 As the large congregation arose to their 
 feet expressing $heir appreciation of our 
 work in their midst, we felt that the flowers 
 belonged to Bro. Reid's invalid mother, and
 
 128 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA 
 
 the writer's untiring, faithful wife, who dur- 
 ing all these months had, uncomplainingly 
 "stayed by the stuff" and pressed the inter- 
 ests in the homeland by caring for the office 
 end of the work. We also felt that the expres- 
 sion of appreciation from the congregation 
 belonged to the faithful army of His children 
 whose money and prayers had made the cam- 
 paign possible, and brought down the vic- 
 tories from above. 
 We then said "GOOD-BYE."
 
 HOW YOU CAN HELP US 
 In Latin America. 
 
 YOU CAN Open a new work in a city of 3,500 peo- 
 ple at an expense of $35.00 per month. 
 
 YOU CAN Open a new work in three small cities 
 with a combined population of 25,000. 
 They will make a circuit and it will 
 cost $30.00 per month. 
 
 YOU CAN Go to Peru as a nurse and deaconess 
 
 YOU CAN Send us $10.00 per month, which will pay 
 for 100,000 pages of missionary tracts 
 on South America for free distribution 
 in the United States and Canada each 
 month. 
 
 YOU CAN Finance a tract district in South Ameri- 
 ca for $3.00 to $12.00 per month. This 
 will furnish eager missionaries with 
 from 40,000 to 200,000 pages of tracts 
 in Spanish each month for free dis- 
 tribution. 
 
 YOU CAN Support a godly missionary and family 
 in Colon, Panama, for $35.00 per month. 
 
 YOU CAN Be one of 10 to send $5.00 each month 
 for the support of a young woman from 
 Indiana to teach in Panama, and do 
 other missionary work. 
 
 YOU CAN Furnish railroad fare at $5.00 per month 
 for a young man in printing office to 
 go out each Saturday and preach on 
 Sunday. He works in a mission printing 
 office for one-third what he received in 
 secular work. 
 
 YOU CAN Take the support of a converted priest 
 at $50.00 per month. 
 
 YOU CAN Furnish support for either of two mis- 
 sionaries in Bolivia at $50.00 per month. 
 They speak Spanish well. 
 
 YOU CAN Keep a native minister in training school 
 for $20.00 per month. We have three of 
 these and they are all in charge of 
 missions. 
 
 YOU CAN Build a small chapel in memory of a 
 loved one at La Boca for $600.00. 
 
 YOU CAN Be one of 15 to pay $5.00 per month to 
 
 support an evangelist in Chile who 
 speaks as good Spanish as English. Re- 
 sults would be great. 
 
 YOU CAN Send $10.00 per month to help open the 
 work in Tucuman, Argentine, a city of 
 95,000 inhabitants.
 
 The Missionary 
 Reporter 
 
 Jin Interdenominational Monthly 
 
 published in the interest of 
 
 missions in ALL LANDS. 
 
 The pages of the REPORTER are limited to 
 MISSIONS. Many papers give some space to 
 MISSIONS; the REPORTER gives all its space to 
 MISSIONS. 
 
 The Reporter Record 
 
 "NOT A DRY LINE ON ANY PAGE" is the 
 recerd the REPORTER has already established. 
 
 When the REPORTER was two and a half years 
 old we had reached the 50.000 mark. 
 
 f James M. Taylor, Missionary Evangelist 
 EDITORS -s _ 
 
 (. Mrs. James M. Taylor. 
 
 Subscription price only tea cents per year: three 
 years for twenty-five cents. Send personal check, 
 stamps, or cash by registered letter. 
 
 Published by 
 
 JAMES M. TAYLOR, 
 
 807 Deery Street. Kaoxville. Tennessee
 
 SOUTH AMERICA KODAK 
 
 JAMES M. TAYLOR 
 
 MISSIONARY EVANGELIST 
 
 Our Missionary Album was a success. 5,000 of them 
 went out on their mission the first year, and words of praise 
 came from many. 
 
 In SOUTH AMERICA BY KODAK we believe we 
 have nearly reached perfection in literature of this kind. 
 
 INSTRUCTIVE 
 
 Instead of filling the pages with pictures* as we did in the 
 Album, we have one picture to the page in SOUTH AMER- 
 ICA BY KODAK, and all the other space is filled with 
 reading matter explaining the truth or condition the picture 
 is supposed to illustrate* 
 
 SIXTY-FOUR PICTURES 
 
 SOUTH AMERICA BY KODAK contains 64 large 
 pages. On each page is an eloquent picture, telling in a 
 striking manner the needs and possibilities ef Latin America. 
 
 BOOK OF ART 
 
 Our KODAK STORY OF SOUTH AMERICA is a 
 beautiful and artistic piece of work, worthy a place in any 
 library. It tells its own story and will undoubtedly move 
 heart and mind to action. 
 
 This illustrated book on missions in South America is the 
 product of the author's recent Tour through these countries. 
 
 The price is only 25 cents. Send stamps, money order 
 check, or registered letter. 
 
 Published by 
 
 JAMES M. TAYLOR, 
 
 807 Deery Street. Knoxville. Tenaessce
 
 NEW MISSIONARY LITERATURE 
 
 BY 
 
 JAMES M. TAYLOR 
 
 SPECIAL OFFER 
 
 TOURING SOUTH AMERICA CLOTH PAPER 
 
 With the Gospel 50c 25c 
 
 Stories and Sketches of Missionary 
 
 Life in Latin America .... 50c 25c 
 South America by Kodak A Real 
 Picture Trip Beautifully Bound 
 and Tied with Silk Cord . . 25c 25c 
 
 My Campaign Diary JOc JOc 
 
 Missionary Calendar for (9J5 . . JOc JOc 
 Sticking; Statistics on Latin America JOc JOc 
 Sticking; Statistics on Missions in 
 
 General JOc (Oc 
 
 Two Dozen Missionary Blotters . 20c 
 
 Seven Dozen Missionary Blotters . 70c 
 
 $2.35 $1.35 
 Special Price $2.00 $J.OO 
 
 Some of the above literature is ready, some of 
 it on the press, but we will be able to deliver it 
 all in 60 days. Your order at once will greatly 
 aid us. Help us put missions on the printed 
 pag-e before every American. 
 
 Send money order, check, stamps, etc. 
 
 JAMES M. TAYLOR, 
 
 807 Deery Street, Knoxville, Tennessee
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
 
 Los Angeles 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 
 
 Form L9-42m-8,'49(B5573)444 
 
 
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 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNU
 
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