GIFT OF The Society of Automobile ii * . , Engineers 29 W. 39th St., New York AUTOMOBILE NOMENCLATURE Including Names of Car Parts and Items of Terminology From the Report of the Nomenclature Division, adopted by the Society, Aug. 1, 1916 Sept. 1916 N S.A.E. STANDARD AUTOMOBILE NOMENCLATURE For several years there has been an insistent demand for standard- ization of names of car parts. Uniformity in the use of names and terminology would save many of the delays common in parts re- placement service, and make for clearness and brevity in the use of automobile terms generally. The nomenclature contained in the following list was developed at a series of meetings of engineering and service representatives of several of the leading automobile manufacturers of America. It has been approved in detail by the Nomenclature Division of the Standards Committee, and has been passed upon in turn by the Standard Committee, the Council and adopted by the members of the Society of Automobile Engineers. An attempt has been made to include in the list the more important parts throughout the whole car, bolts, studs and the like being indi- cated in general terms. Body parts have not been included generally nor parts of some units such as carbureter, which vary so much in construction as to make anything like uniform nomenclature very difficult. Definitions of different types of construction have been included for several units in order to encourage uniform terminology in de- scriptions appearing in the trade press and in catalogs, as well as in the technical discussions of the Society. Definitions of different types of bodies are also included, because it is thought that some authority should take action to make possible the use of names which will be understood generally, rather than those which are meaningless except to persons conversant with the terminology peculiar to individual manufacturers. It is surprising how many distinctly different types of body are being sold under the name "brougham," for instance. A scheme of classification based entirely on assemblies is imprac- ticable for general use, on account of diverse arrangement of elements of so-called conventional cars. The classification adopted is there- fore based largely on function. In most cases the names do not need defining to anyone familiar with automobile construction, especially when considered in connec- tion with the other names in the same group. For spring nomenclature see sheets 49, 49xa and 49b in the S.A.E. Handbook. (Reprints furnished upon request.) GENERAL DIVISIONS I Cylinders II Valves III Cooling System IV Fuel System V Exhaust System 3 o t .\ o i General Divisions Continued VI Lubrication VII Ignition VIII Starting and Lighting Equipment IX Miscellaneous Electrical Equipment X Clutch XI Transmission XII Rear Axle XIII Braking System XIV Front Axle and Steering XV Wheels XVI Frame and Springs XVII Hoods, Fenders and Shields XVIII Body and Top XIX Accessories DIVISION I CYLINDERS Group 1 Cylinders Group 2 Crankcase Group 3 Crankshaft Group 4 Starting-crank Group 5 Connecting-rods Group 6 Pistons DIVISION II VALVES Group 1 Camshaft Group 2 Valves DIVISION III COOLING SYSTEM Group 1 Fan Group 2 Radiator Group 3 Pump Group 4 Pipes and Hose DIVISION IV FUEL SYSTEM Group 1 Carbureter and Inlet Pipe Group 2 Carbureter Control Group 3 Carbureter Air-heater Group 4 Fuel Tank Group 5 Fuel Pipes and Feed System DIVISION V EXHAUST SYSTEM Group 1 Exhaust Manifold Group 2 Exhaust Pipe and Muffler DIVISION VI LUBRICATION SYSTEM Group 1 Oil Pan or Reservoir Group 2 Oil Pump Group 3 Oil Pipes, Strainers, Gages DIVISION VII IGNITION Group 1 Spark-plugs, Cables and Switches Group 2 Ignition Distributor Group 3 Magneto Group 4 Ignition Control 4 DIVISION VIII STARTING AND LIGHTING EQUIPMENT Group 1 Generator Group 2 Starting Motor Group 3 Wiring Group 4 Battery DIVISION IX MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Group 1 Lamps and Wiring Group 2 Switches and Instruments Group 3 Horn Group 4 Miscellaneous DIVISION X CLUTCH Group 1 Clutching Parts Cone Clutch Disk Clutch Plate Clutch Group 2 Releasing Parts DIVISION XI TRANSMISSION Group 1 Transmission Group 2 Shifting Mechanism Group 3 Control Group 4 Propeller-shaft DIVISION XII REAR AXLE Group 1 Housing Group 2 Torque-arm and Radius-rod Group 3 Drive Pinion Group 4 Differential Group 5 Axle Shafts DIVISION XIII BRAKES Group 1 Outer Brake Group 2 Inner Brake Group 3 Pedal (or outer) Brake Control Group 4 Hand (or inner) Brake Control DIVISION XIV FRONT AXLE AND STEERING Group 1 Axle Center Group 2 ^Steering-knuckles Group 3 Steering-rods Group 4 Steering-gear DIVISION XV WHEELS Group 1 Front Wheels Group 2 Rear Wheels DIVISION XVI FRAME AND SPRINGS Group 1 Frame Group 2 Frame Brackets and Sockets Group 3 Front Springs Group 4 Rear Springs DIVISION XVII HOOD, FENDERS AND SHIELDS Group 1 Hood Group 2 Engine Shield Group 3 Fenders and Running-boards Group 4 Windshield DIVISION XVIII BODY Group 1 Floor-boards and Dash Group 2 Body Group 3 Upholstering Group 4 Top DIVISION XIX ACCESSORIES Group 1 Speedometer Group 2 Tire-pump GENERAL Where terms "front" and "rear" are used, "front" should always be toward the front end of the car. These terms are sometimes con- fused in regard to parts that are mounted on the dash. The front side of the dash is alwayte that next the engine. Where parts are numbered, No. 1 should be toward the front of the car. For instance, No. 1 cylinder is the one nearest the radiator (in conventional construction). "Right" and "left" are to the right- and left-hands when sitting in one of the seats of the car. Studs, screws and bolts shall take names from parts they serve to hold in place, although they are assembled with other parts. For example, the cylinder stud is permanently screwed into crankcase but holds the cylinder in place. The name "engine" should be used rather than "motor" to avoid confusion with electric motors and to secure a lower freight rate. DIVISION I CYLINDERS Group 1~ Cylinders Cylinder L-head cylinder (valves on one side of cylinder) T-head cylinder (valves on opposite sides of cylinder) I-head cylinder (valves in cylinder head) F-head cylinder (one valve in head, other on side directly oper- ated) (Cast in block, not cast en bloc) (Cylinders of V-type engines should be numbered IR, IL, 2R, etc.) Inlet-valve cap Exhaust-valve cap 6 Group 1 Cylinders Continued Valve-cap gasket Cylinder-head Cylinder-head gasket Cylinder-head plug Water-jacket top cover Water-jacket top cover gasket Water-jacket side (or front or rear) cover Valve-spring cover Valve-spring-cover casket Valve-spring-cover stud Valve-stem guide Priming-cup Group 2 Crankcase Crankcase Barrel-type crankcase Split-type crankcase (split horizontally, at or near center line of crarikshaft) Crankcase upper half Crankcase lower half (used only when the lower half contains bear- ings. A crankcase of either barrel or split type, in which all the bearings are mounted directly on the part to which the cylinders are attached, is called a "crankcase," the terms "upper half" and "lower half" not being used) Oil-pan (used for lower part of split-type or barrel-type crankcase, whether this serves as an oil reservoir or not) Oil-pan drain-cock (or -plug) Breather Oil-pan gasket "Bushing" instead of "bearing" for removable and renewable lin- ing used in a plain bearing. Crankshaft front bearing bushing (upper half and lower half) Crankshaft front bearing cap Crankshaft front bushing support (sometimes used in barrel-type crankcase) Crankshaft rear bearing bushing Crankshaft rear bearing shims (other shims accordingly) Crankshaft center bearing bushing (if only three bearings or if all except end bearings are alike) Crankshaft second bearing bushing, etc. (if more than three bear- ings, for example, front bearing, second bearing, third bearing, fourth bearing, rear bearing) Hand-hole cover Hand-hole-cover gasket Timing-gear cover Timing-gear-cover gasket Flywheel housing Generator bracket (other brackets take name of part supported) Group 3 Crankshaft Crankshaft Flywheel Crankshaft timing-gear (or sprocket) Crankshaft timing-gear key Flywheel starter-gear Crankshaft starter-sprocket Flywheel studs Clutch-spring stud Crankshaft starting jaw (or pin) Group 4 Starting-crank Starting-crank Starting-crank jaw Starting-crank shaft Starting-crank handle Starting-crank-handle pin Group 5 Connecting-rods Connecting-rod Straight connecting-rod ) Forked connecting-rod ) V - tv P e en ^ ine Connecting-rod cap Connecting-rod bushing (upper half and lower half) Connecting-rod cap stud (or bolt) Connecting-rod cap nut Connecting-rod bearing shims Connecting-rod dipper Piston-pin bushing Group 6 Pistons Piston Piston-pin Piston-pin lock-screw (in connecting-rod or piston) Piston-ring Piston-ring groove DIVISION II VALVES Group 1 Camshaft Camshaft Eccentric shaft (Knight engine) Camshaft timing-gear Camshaft timing-gear key Camshaft idler gear Camshaft oil-pump gear Camshaft ignition-distributor gear Exhast cam Inlet cam Oil-pump eccentric (or cam) 8 Group 2 Valves Valves should be numbered 1 Ex, 1 In, 2 Ex, 2 In, etc., according to the number of the cylinder. On V-type engines the numbers should be 1 REx, 1 LEx, etc. Poppet valve Inlet valve Exhaust valve Valve-spring Valve-spring retainer Valve-spring retainer lock Valve-lifter Valve-lifter guide Valve-lifter-guide clamp Valve-lifter roller Valve-lifter-roller pin Valve adjusting screw Valve adjusting screw nut Valve-rocker (either at cam or at overhead valve; if both, upper and lower) Valve push-rod (intermediate between lifter and valve in I-head engine) DIVISION III COOLING SYSTEM Group 1 Fan Fan Stationary fan support Adjustable fan support Fan hub Fan-blades Fan pulley Fan-belt Fan driving pulley Group 2 Radiator Radiator core Radiator shell Radiator upper tank Radiator right side Radiator left side Radiator lower tank Radiator filler-cap Radiator strainer Radiator drain-cock Group 3 Pump Water-pump Water-pump impeller Water-pump-impeller key Water-pump body (in case of doubt, body is member mounted on engine) Water-pump cover 9 Group 3 Pump Continued Water-pump shaft Water-pump gland (part in contact with packing, whether threaded or not) Water-pump-gland nut (or screw, or other part used to compress gland) Water-pump shaft gear Group 4 Pipes and Hose Engine water outlet Engine water inlet Radiator hose (upper and lower) Radiator water fitting (upper and lower) Water-pump outlet pipe DIVISION IV FUEL SY^EM Group 1 Carbureter and Inlet Pipe Carbureter Inlet manifold (more than one connection to cylinder) Inlet pipe (only one connection to cylinder) Inlet manifold or pipe gaskets (at cylinders) Carbureter gasket. Group 2 Carbureter Control (Throttle control rods will take names from parts they connect, shafts by location or arrangement, and brackets by parts they support) Accelerator pedal Accelerator pedal bracket Accelerator pedal pin Accelerator pedal rod Accelerator pedal rod-end pin Carbureter mixture hand-regulator Carbureter choke Group 3 Carbureter Air-heater Carbureter air-heater Carbureter hot-air pipe Group 4 Fuel Tank Fuel tank Fuel reserve tank Fuel gage Fuel gage float Fuel gage glass Fuel tank outlet strainer Fuel tank outlet (flange, fitting, etc.) Fuel tank pressure flange (or fitting) Group 5 Fuel Pipes and Feed Systems Main fuel valve Reserve fuel valve Fuel pipe, main tank to auxiliary tank (or names of other parts connected) 10 Fuel pressure-pump (power pump) Fuel hand-pump Fuel pressure-gage pipe Fuel pressure-gage tee Fuel pressure pipe to tank Fuel pressure-pump pipe Fuel hand-pump pipe Fuel hand-pump tee Fuel pressure gage DIVISION V EXHAUST SYSTEM Group 1 Exhaust Manifold Exhaust manifold Exhaust manifold gasket Group 2 Exhaust Pipe and Muffler Muffler Exhaust pipe (extends from exhaust manifold to muffler. If in more than one part name sections front and rear. For V-type engines with two pipes, name right and left) Muffler outlet pipe DIVISION VI LUBRICATION SYSTEM Group 1 Oil-pan or Reservoir Oil-pan Oil tank (when separate) Oil-filler strainer Oil-filler cap Group 2 Oil-pump Oil-pump Oil-pump body (any type of pump) Oil-pump plunger Oil-pump-plunger spring Oil-pump inlet valve Oil-pump outlet valve Oil-pump shaft Oil-pump shaft gear (outside the pump) Oil-pumping shaft gear (inside the pump) Oil-pumping follower gear Oil-pump cover Group 3 Oil Pipes, Strainers, Gages (Oil pipes should be named from the parts they connect, as "Oil- pump to pressure-gage pipe") Circulating-oil strainer Oil strainer cap Sight feed Sight-feed glass Oil level-gage Oil level-gage float Oil level-gage glass Oil pressure-gage II DIVISION VII IGNITION Group 1 Spark-plugs, Cables and Switches Spark-plugs Spark-plug cables (numbered according to cylinders) Coil high-tension cable (Low-tension cables should be named from the parts they connect, as: "Storage battery to ignition switch cable." In case of more than one conductor the cable should be designated as double, triple, etc.) Ignition coil Ignition switch Dry cell (two or more cells make a dry battery) Group 2 Ignition Distributor Ignition-distributor breaker Ignition-distributor breaker-arm Ignition-distributor breaker-arm point Ignition-distributor fixed breaker-point Ignition-distributor brush Ignition-distributor shaft Ignition-distributor shaft gear Group 3 Magneto Magneto Magneto distributor Magneto breaker-box Magneto breaker-arm Magneto fixed breaker-point Magneto breaker-arm point Magneto distributor brush Magneto-collector-ring brush Magneto coupling, pump end Magneto coupling, center member Magneto coupling, magneto end Group 4 Ignition Control Spark control rod (name parts connected) (Other control parts named as explained under throttle control) DIVISION VIII STARTING AND LIGHTING EQUIPMENT General A one-unit system uses a starter-generator. A two-unit system uses a generator and a starting motor. A combined unit system uses a duplex starter-generator. Group 1 Generator Generator Generator brush Generator brush-holder Generator gear Generator shaft Generator coupling (members as indicated under magneto coupling) 12 Group 2 Starting Motor Starting motor Starting-motor brush Starting-motor brush-holder Starting-motor pinion Starting-motor intermediate gear Starting-motor intermediate-gear shaft Starting-motor intermediate pinion Overrunning clutch Group 3 Wiring (Cables and conduits should be named from parts they connect) Starting switch Starting-switch pedal (or lever) Group 4 Battery Storage battery Filler cap Terminal post Connector strip DIVISION IX MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Group 1 Lamps and Wiring Head-lamp Tail-lamp Side-lamp Instrument lamp Tonneau lamp Dome lamp Pillar lamp Inspection lamp Inspection-lamp cord Inspection-lamp plug Inspection-lamp socket Head-lamp socket Head-lamp support Head-lamp support tie-rod Tail-lamp support (Cables and conduits should be named from the parts they connect) Junction -box (wires not attached to box) Junction-box screw Junction-box cover Fuse-box Fuse-box cover Fuse-block Fuse-clip Fuse (designated by name of part fed by circuit) Junction panel 13 Group 2 Switches and Instruments Lighting switch Ammeter Voltmeter Volt-ammeter Charging indicator Reverse current cutout Current regulator Group 3 Horn (No names have been selected for horn parts) Group 4 Miscellaneous (Will include any additional electrical equipment such as electrical gearshift) DIVISION X CLUTCH General Plate clutch (one plate clamped between two others) Disk clutch (more than three disks) Dry disk clutch Lubricated disk clutch Cone clutch (leather faced, asbestos faced) Expanding clutch Group 1 Clutching Parts Cone Clutch Clutch cone Clutch facing Clutch-facing spring Clutch-facing-spring plunger Clutch spring Clutch thrust-bearing Clutch cone hub Clutch cone bushing Clutch-spring spider (for cone clutch with multiple springs) Clutch-spring stud Clutch-spring retainer Clutch-spring nut Clutch spindle Clutch shaft (not attached to crankshaft) Clutch shaft bearing (not in transmission case) Disk Clutch Clutch case (rotating member) Clutch housing (non-rotating member) Clutch cover Clutch housing cover Clutch driving disk Clutch driven disk Clutch driving disk stud 14 Clutch pressure plate (front and rear, if two used on both disk and plate clutches) Clutch driven spider (or drum driving and driven if two) Clutch cork-inserts (Facing, spring, thrust-bearing, etc., as under cone clutch) Plate Clutch Clutch driven plate Clutch driving plate Clutch pressure levers (Other parts as under cone and disk clutches) Group 2 Releasing Parts Clutch release sleeve Clutch release shoe or clutch release bearing housing Clutch release bearing Clutch release fork Clutch release fork shaft Clutch pedal shaft Clutch pedal adjusting link Clutch release fork lever Clutch pedal Clutch pedal pad Clutch brake Clutch brake facing DIVISION XI TRANSMISSION Group 1 Transmission Transmission case (upper half and lower half, if I ear ings seat in both) Transmission case cover Clutch gear Clutch gear bearing (front and rear if two) Clutch gear bearing retainer Countershaft Countershaft front bearing (ii ball or roller) Countershaft front bearing bushing (if plain bearing) Countershaft front bearing retainer Countershaft rear bearing retainer Countershaft drive gear Countershaft second-speed gear Countershaft low-speed gear Countershaft reverse gear Reverse idler gear Reverse idler gear shaft Reverse idler gear bushing Transmission shaft Transmission shaft pilot bearing Transmission shaft pilot bearing bushing (if plain) 15 Group 1 Transmission Continued Transmission shaft rear bearing Transmission shaft rear bearing retainer Second and high sliding gear Low and reverse sliding gear Group 2 Shifting Mechanism High-gear shift fork Low-gear shift fork Reverse shift fork (if three are used) High-gear shift bar Low-gear shift bar Reverse shift bar Group 3 Control Gearshift bar selector Gearshift lever shaft Low gearshift connecting-rod High gearshift connecting-rod Gearshift hand lever ("hand" may be omitted) Gearshift hand lever bracket ("hand" may be omitted) Gearshift housing (center control) Gearshift gate Group 4 Propeller-shaft Propeller-shaft Propeller-shaft front universal-joint (assembly "propeller-shaft" may be omitted) Propeller-shaft rear universal-joint (assembly "propeller-shaft" may be omitted) Propeller-shaft front bearing (with enclosed shaft) Transmission shaft universal-joint flange (substitute name of any other shaft on which flange is mounted) Universal- joint flange yoke Universal- joint slip yoke Universal- joint plain yoke Universal-joint center cross (ring or block) Universal- joint bearing bushing Universal- joint pin (may be designated as long and short, straight and shoulder, etc.) Universal-joint inner casing Universal-joint outer casing Universal-joint casing packing Universal- joint casing nut Universal- joint trunnion (for trunnion type joint) Universal-joint trunnion block 16 DIVISION XII REAR AXLE General Types Dead Axle An axle carrying road wheels with no provision in the axle itself for driving them. Live Axle General name for type of axle with concentric driving shaft. Plain Live Axle Has shafts supported directly in bearings at center and at ends, carrying differential and road wheels. (The plain live axle is practically extinct.) Semi-Floating Axle Has differential carried on separate bearings, the inner ends of the shafts being carried by the differential side gears, and the outer ends supported in bearings. The semi-floating axle shaft carries torsion, bending moment, and shear. It also carries tension and compression if the wheel bearings do not take thrust, and compression if they take thrust in only one direction. Three-Quarter Floating Axle Inner ends of shafts carried as in semi-floating axle. Outer ends supported by wheels, which depend on shafts for alignment. Only one bearing is used in each wheel hub. The three-quarter floating axle shaft carries torsion and the bend- ing moment imposed by the wheel on corners and uneven road sur- faces. It also carries tension and compression if the wheel bearings are not arranged to take thrust. Full-Floating Axle Same as three-quarter floating axle except that each wheel has two bearings and does not depend on shaft for alignment. The wheel may be driven by a flange or a jaw clutch. The full-floating axle shaft is relieved from all strains except torsion, and in one possible construction, tension and compression. Types of Axle Drive The different types of live axle can be driven by Bevel Gear, Spiral Bevel Gear, Worm, Double-reduction Gear or Single Chain. In other constructions, the rear wheels are driven by Double Chains, Internal Gears, or Jointed Cross-shaft. Group 1 Housing Rear-axle housing (if one piece) Right and left halves (if two pieces) Bevel (or worm) gear housing' 1 Right rear-axle tube V (if three pieces) Left rear-axle tube ) Rear-axle-housing cover Differential carrier (bolted to housing) Rear-axle spring-seat Axle brake-shaft bracket (right and left) 17 Group 1 Housing Continued Wheel brake-support, right and left ("wheel" may be omitted) Wheel brake-shield ("wheel" may be omitted) Group 2 Torque-arm and Radius-rod Radius-rods Group 3 Drive Pinion Axle drive bevel pinion (or worm) Axle drive pinion (or worm) shaft Axle drive pinion front bearing Axle drive pinion rear bearing Axle drive pinion thrust-bearing Axle drive pinion front bearing adjuster Axle drive pinion front bearing adjuster lock Axle drive pinion rear bearing adjuster Axle drive pinion rear bearing adjuster lock Axle drive pinion adjusting sleeve (containing both bearings) Axle drive pinion (or worm) carrier Group 4 Differential Axle drive bevel (or worm) gear Differential Differential case, right Differential case, left Differential side gear Differential spider pinion ("spider" may be omitted) Differential spider (or pinion shaft) Differential bearing Differential thrust-bearing Differential bearing adjuster Differential bearing adjuster lock Group 5 Axle Shafts Axle shaft (right and left) Axle shaft wheel-flange (or clutch) DIVISION XIII BRAKES General In the following list of brake parts the terms "outer" and "inner" are used, being applicable to any case of two sets of brakes on the rear wheels. Where the brakes are external and internal these terms may be substituted for "outer" and "inner." Where one brake is located at the wheels and the other at the transmission the terms "wheel brake" and "transmission brake" should be substituted. With other concentric or side-by-side brakes the terms "outer" and "inner" should be retained, "outer" indicating in the latter case the ones nearer the wheels. The list is made up for external contracting and internal expand- ing brakes. If both brakes are of one type the necessary changes will be obvious. The designation of brake parts on the rear axle 18 as foot-brake or hand-brake parts, or by equivalent terms, is too remote to be clear, especially in the case of stock axles whose brakes may be connected either way according to chassis design. Nearly the same condition prevails in regard to designating parts on the chassis according to whether they are connected to the inner or outer brakes at the axle. The terms "service brake" and "emergency brake" should not be used. Better designations are "foot brake" and "hand brake"; or if both brakes foot-operated, "right foot-brake" and "left foot-brake." Group 1 Outer Brake Outer brake band Outer brake band lining Outer brake band adjusting nut (yoke, etc.) Outer brake hand lever Outer brake lever shaft Outer brake shaft inner end lever Outer brake shaft outer end lever Group 2 Inner Brake Inner brake shoe (or band) Inner brake shoe (or band) lining Inner brake toggle (link, etc.) Inner brake toggle lever Inner brake toggle shaft Inner brake cam Inner brake camshaft Inner brake camshaft (or toggle shaft) lever Group 3 Pedal (or outer) Brake Control Outer brake rod Outer brake rod yoke Outer brake intermediate shaft (or tube) right and left Outer brake intermediate shaft (or tube) right lever Outer brake intermediate shaft (or tube) left lever Outer brake intermediate shaft (or tube) center lever Outer brake right equalizer lever Outer brake left equalizer lever Outer brake equalizer Brake pedal Brake pedal rod Brake pedal rod yoke Brake pedal pad Brake pedal shaft Group 4 Hand (or inner) Brake Control Inner brake rod Inner brake rod yoke Inner brake intermediate shaft (or tube) right and left Inner brake intermediate shaft (or tube) right lever Inner brake intermediate shaft (or tube) left lever 19 Group 4 Hand (or inner) Brake Control Continued Inner brake intermediate shaft (or tube) center lever Inner brake right equalizer lever Inner brake left equalizer lever Inner brake equalizer Brake hand lever rod Brake hand lever rod yoke Brake hand lever Brake lever segment (or sector) Brake lever pawl Brake pawl spring Brake pawl button Brake pawl finger lever Brake pawl rod DIVISION XIV FRONT AXLE AND STEERING Group 1 Axle Center Front axle center Front spring seats Front axle bushing Group 2 Steering-knuckles Right steering-knuckle Left steering-knuckle Steering-knuckle bushing (upper and lower) Steering-knuckle pivot Steering-knuckle-pivot nut Steering-knuckle thrust-bearing Right steering-knuckle arm Left steering-knuckle arm Steering-knuckle gear rod arm Group 3 Steering-rods Steering-knuckle tie-rod Steering-knuckle tie-rod end Steering-knuckle tie-rod clamp bolt Steering-knuckle tie-rod pin Steering-gear connecting-rod Group 4 Steering-gear Steering-gear case Steering-gear-case cover Steering-gear bracket Steering-gear arm Steering-arm shaft (if separate from sector or other operating member) Steering-wheel rim Steering-wheel spider Steering-wheel tube (or shaft) Spark and throttle sector Spark and throttle sector tube 20 Spark hand-lever Spark hand-lever tube (or rod) Throttle hand-lever Throttle hand-lever tube (or rod) Steering-column tube (stationary) Steering-column cowl (or dash or floor) bracket The various bushings in the steering-column take names from parts to which they are permanently fitted, being further distin- guished as upper and lower, inner and outer, if necessary. Bushings in the steering-gear case take names from the worm and sector or other main operating parts which they support, as: Steering-gear worm upper bushing; although the steering-wheel tube may be the member which turns inside the bushing. Steering worm Steering-worm sector (or gear) ^(worm and sector gear) Steering-worm shaft DIVISION XV WHEELS Group 1 Front Wheels Front wheel felloe Front wheel felloe band Front wheel rim Rim bolts Rim clamps Front wheel hub Front wheel hub-flanges Front wheel hub-cap Front wheel outer bearing Front wheel outer bearing inner race Front wheel outer bearing outer race Front wheel outer bearing balls Front wheel outer bearing ball retainer Front wheel outer bearing rollers Front wheel outer bearing roller cage Front wheel inner bearing (parts same as outer bearing) Front wheel bearing spacer Front wheel bearing nut Front wheel bearing lock nut Front wheel bearing locking washer Group 2 Rear Wheels Rear wheel hub Rear wheel hub-flange Rear wheel hub-cap Rear wheel outer bearing Rear wheel inner bearing Wheel brake-drum (Other parts named like front wheel parts) 21 DIVISION XVI FRAME AND SPRINGS Group 1 Frame Frame side member (right and left) Front cross member Rear cross member Center cross member (As above if only three cross members, as below if more tlian three) First cross member Second cross member, etc. Sub-frame side member (right and left) Sub-frame cross member (front and rear) Right rear gusset (upper and lower) (Gussets at other cross members named according to member) Group 2 Frame Brackets and Sockets Front spring front bracket (right and left) Front spring rear bracket (right and left) Rear spring front bracket (right and left) Rear spring rear bracket (right and left) Running-board bracket (front, right, etc., if not duplicates) Running-board bracket brace Engine front support bracket Engine rear support bracket Torque-arm bracket Radius-rod bracket Group 3 Front Springs Front spring (right and left) Front spring shackle Front spring shackle-bolt (upper and lower) Front spring front bolt Front spring rebound-clip Front spring seat Front spring seat pad Front spring clip Front spring clip plate Front spring center-bolt Group 4 Rear Springs Rear springs (upper and lower for elliptic and three-quarter elliptic) Rear spring pivot bolt (or pin)"] Rear spring pivot seat }< for half-elliptic cantilever spring) Rear spring double shackled Rear side spring U for platform spring) Cross spring (Other parts as for front springs) 22 DIVISION XVII HOOD, FENDERS AND SHIELDS Group 1 Hood Hood Hood sill Hood handle Hood fastener Hood fastener bracket (spring, lever, etc.) Group 2 Engine Shield Engine shield Engine shield fastener Engine shield bracket (spring, etc.) Group 3 Fenders and Running-boards Running-board (right and left) Running-board linoleum covering Running-board outside binding Running-board inside binding Running-board front binding Running-board rear binding Running-board shield (right and left) Right front fender Left front fender Right rear fender Left rear fender Fender support socket Right front fender front support Right front fender rear support (Other fender supports accordingly) Group 4 Windshield (Names for windshield parts have not been selected) DIVISION XVIII BODY Types of Bodies Roadster An open car seating two or three. It may have addi- tional seats on running-boards or in rear deck. Coupelet Seats two or three. It has a folding top and full-height doors with disappearing panels of glass. Coupe An inside operated, enclosed car seating two or three. A fourth seat facing backward is sometimes added. Convertible Coupe A roadster provided with a detachable coupe top. Clover Leaf An open car seating three or four. The rear seat is close to the divided front seat and entrance is only through doors in front of the front seat. Touring Car An open car seating four or more with direct en- trance to tonneau. Salon Touring Car A touring car with passage between front seats, with or without separate entrance to front seats. 23 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY BERKELEY Return to desk from which borrowed. This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. S '\pr52UJ I Apr* 2Ll LIBRA** USE JUH REC'D LD P23'63-11AM OCT 241987 AUTO. DISC OCT 01 196 NOV | 5 1995 LD 21-100m-9,'48(B399sl6)476 * Names for parts in these groups have not been selected. 24 Gaylord Bros. Makers Syracuse, N. Y. ' PAT. JAN. 21, 1908 4 Mr ' YC 68269 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNI&tUBRARY x.