. 
 
 t/f- 
 
THE 
 
 WHITEFOORD PAPERS 
 
 HE WINS 
 
HENRY FROWDE, M.A. 
 
 PUBLISHER TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD 
 
 LONDON, EDINBURGH, AND NEW YORK 
 
The 
 
 Whitefoord Papers 
 
 BEING THE 
 
 CORRESPONDENCE AND OTHER MANUSCRIPTS 
 
 OF 
 
 COLONEL CHARLES WHITEFOORD 
 
 AND 
 
 CALEB WHITEFOORD 
 
 FROM 1739 TO l8lO 
 
 EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES 
 
 BY 
 
 W. A. S. HEWINS, M.A. 
 
 Pembroke College, Oxford 
 
 Tooke Professor of Economic Science and Statistics at King's College^ London 
 Director of the London School of Economics and Political Science 
 
 Ojforfc 
 
 AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 
 1898 
 
ID/H7 
 
 PRINTED AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 
 
 BY HORACE HART, M.A. 
 PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 
PREFACE 
 
 ON the death of the late Rev. Caleb Whitefoord, 
 Rector of Whitton, Salop, his executors asked me 
 to look through the papers of his father, Caleb 
 Whitefoord, and his grandfather, Colonel Charles 
 Whitefoord, with a view to their publication. Many 
 of the papers seemed to me to be of great value 
 and interest, and, with the consent of the executors, 
 I offered them for publication to the Delegates of the 
 Clarendon Press, who were good enough to accept 
 my proposal. The family wished me to undertake 
 the selection and arrangement of the papers, and 
 at that time I thought that the work would be an 
 agreeable task for the vacations. But during the 
 last three years my Economic work has been very 
 exacting, and the Whitefoord Papers have been laid 
 aside. 
 
INTRODUCTION 
 
 SIR WALTER SCOTT once apologized to the late 
 Mr. Whitefoord for misspelling the family name in the 
 preface to the Chronicles of the Canongate. ' Dearly 
 as I am myself particular,' he wrote, ' in the spelling 
 of my name to a " T," I had no right to treat your 
 " O " as a cipher,' and when he transferred the story 
 of Colonel Charles Whitefoord, in which the mistake 
 occurred, from the Chronicles to Waverley, he took 
 care to introduce the additional letter. But the name 
 is, in fact, spelt in at least twelve different ways in 
 authentic documents. Before the main branch of the 
 family settled down to * Whitefoord/ the forms Quhite- 
 furd, Quhitefurde, Quhitefuird, and other variations, 
 frequently occur. The first of the family is said to 
 have been a certain Walter, who, for his services 
 against the Norwegians at the Battle of Largs in 1263, 
 received the lands of Whitefoord near Paisley, in the 
 shire of Renfrew. It is much more likely that Walter 
 derived his name from the lands, than that they were 
 named after him. There is, however, an improbable 
 
viii INTRODUCTION 
 
 tradition l to account for the wheatsheaf in the White- 
 foord coat of arms. It is said that ' one of the heads 
 of the family, who stood firm for his country against 
 the usurpation of the English, in the time of King 
 Robert the Bruce, surprised and defeated a party 
 of English, who lay encamp'd on the opposite side 
 of the river Cart, by a stratagem of putting great 
 quantities of wheat sheaves and other corns into 
 the water, and to perpetuate the signal overthrow he 
 gave them, they carry the wheatsheaf in their armorial 
 bearings/ 
 
 There are many references to the family in the 
 Regis trum Magni Sigilli and the Register of the 
 Privy Council of Scotland, from which it appears 
 that the early Whitefoords were frequently engaged 
 in laying waste each others' lands or those of their 
 neighbours. One of them and his wife are com- 
 memorated in the old ballad of ' Hughie Graham 2 / 
 but I have not been able to identify the pair. John 
 
 1 A brief account of the family will be found in Crawford's History of 
 Renfrew ; Paterson's History of Ayr ; Paterson's History of Ayr and 
 Wigton, ii. 465 ; McKerlie's Lands and their Owners in Galloway ; 
 Burke's Extinct Baronetcies, 638 ; The Genealogist, vol. iv. no. 35 ; vol. 
 v. no. 37. 
 
 2 Up then bespake the brave Whitefoord, 
 
 As he sat by the Bishop's knee, 
 'Five hundred white stots I'll gie you 
 If ye '11 let Hughie Graham gae free.' 
 
 'O haud your tongue/ the Bishop says, 
 
 'And wi' your pleading let me be; 
 For tho' ten Grahams were in his coat, 
 
 Hughie Graham this day shall dee.' 
 
 Up then bespake the fair Whitefoord, 
 
 As she sat by the Bishop's knee, 
 ' Five hundred white pence I '11 gie you, 
 
 If ye '11 gie Hughie Graham to me.' 
 
 *O haud your tongue now, lady fair, 
 
 And wi' your pleading let it be; 
 Altho' ten Grahams were in his coat, 
 
 It's for my honour he maun dee.' 
 
INTRODUCTION ix 
 
 Whitefoord, son and apparent heir of John Whitefoord 
 of that ilk, complains in 1 5 79 l that his father, partly 
 on account of the ' constant and trew service done be 
 him to his Hienes, in furthsetting of his Majesties 
 authoritie at all tymes to his power, sen his Hienes 
 coronatioun,' and partly by the persuasion of Margaret 
 Simple, his said father's present wife, and the com- 
 plainer s step-mother, ' hes still procurit and socht 
 his wrak and distruction,' by putting his step-brother 
 Adam Whitefoord ' in fie of the haill landis of Quhit- 
 furd.' Nothing was now wanting to complete Adam's 
 title but the great seal. Such a grant the complainer 
 believes would not have been made if Adam's 
 ' conditionis and behaviour ' had been known to the 
 king, his said brother having at all times assisted 
 the king's traitors, even ' cuming in thair company 
 with display it baner to bereif his Majestic of his life 
 and crown/ No cause, however, was found to stop 
 the confirmation in Adam's favour 2 . 
 
 Walter Whitefoord, Bishop of Brechin, a younger 
 son of Whitefoord of that ilk, is described, in 1630, 
 as ' Rector de Moffet, Prebendarius de Stanehouse in 
 collegio de Both well 3 .' He was made Bishop of 
 Brechin on the recommendation of the Earl of Stirling 4 , 
 and was one of the * three or four aspiring bishops,' 
 as Burnet 5 calls them, who tried to force Laud's 
 liturgy on Scotland. He signed the letter of the 
 Archbishop of St. Andrews and other prelates pro- 
 
 1 Register of the Privy Council of Scotland (1575-1585), p. 234. 
 
 8 Cf. Registr. Magn. Sig. Reg. Scot. (1546-1580), 2282. 
 
 8 Ib. (1609-1620), 2071 ; ib. (1620-1633), 705, 1007, 1532; Register of 
 the Privy Council of Scotland (1613-1616), pp. 162, 163, 546, 547, 552; 
 ib. (1616-1619), pp. 25, 359. 
 
 * Bishop Guthrie's Memoirs, p. 16. 
 
 B History of His Own Time (1875), p. 14. 
 
X INTRODUCTION 
 
 testing against their exclusion from the Parliament 
 appointed to be held at Edinburgh on Aug. 26, 1639 l . 
 He afterwards retired from Scotland to France, and is 
 said to have entered a religious house 2 . He married 
 Anne, fourth daughter of Sir John Carmichael of 
 Carmichael 3 , and had several children. One of his 
 daughters, Christian, married William Burnett of 
 Barns, and his three sons, Adam, Walter, and David, 
 are worthy of notice. 
 
 Adam Whitefoord was a Student of Christ Church, 
 Oxford, died there in February, 1647, and was buried 
 in the south transept. Colonel Walter Whitefoord, 
 4 a stout and desperate man V was one of the Scottish 
 followers of Montrose, many of whom were at the 
 Hague in 1649. When the Commonwealth sent over 
 Dr. Dorislaus, the regicide, as their special envoy in 
 April of that year, Whitefoord took part in the scheme 
 to murder him. On the evening of May 2, just as 
 Dorislaus was sitting down to supper, Whitefoord and 
 five others burst into his room, and while some of 
 them secured his servants, Whitefoord, ' after slashing 
 him over the head, passed a sword through his body V 
 He escaped into the Spanish Netherlands. He is 
 next heard of with Montrose in Scotland, in 1650. 
 With Sir William Hay of Dalgetty, and 100 men, he 
 was left in Dumbeath Castle, when Montrose marched 
 to Glenmtiick. After the battle of Carbisdale (April 
 27, 1650), the garrison of Dumbeath Castle were 
 
 1 Hist. MSS. Commission, 9th Report, ii. 254 b, 257 a. 
 
 2 Whitefoord MSS. 
 
 8 Douglas' Peerage of Scotland, i. 753. 
 
 4 Wood's Athen. Oxon. (1721), ii. 532. 
 
 5 Gardiner's History of the Commonwealth and Protectorate, i. 73. 
 Wood says that Whitefoord killed Dorislaus 'by cleaving his head 
 asunder with a broad sword.' Ath. Oxon. ii. 339. 
 
INTRODUCTION xi 
 
 forced to surrender, and were sent to Edinburgh. 
 Here Sir William Hay was executed on June 8, and 
 Whitefoord narrowly escaped the same fate, but was 
 ordered to depart the country before July 31. His 
 good fortune is attributed to the part he had taken 
 in the murder of Dorislaus, 'which was counted to 
 him for righteousness 1 / In August, 1656, he is 
 mentioned amongst those at the court of Charles ~, 
 and two years later Downing writes to Thurloe : 
 'As for Whitford, I did give De Witt two or three 
 times notice of his lodging, and he must have bin 
 taken, but that it was always 24 hours ere an order 
 could be had ; and he removed his lodging every 
 night. And if I had endeavoured to have done it 
 by the States General, it would have bin much more 
 tedious, and would also have bin knowne ; and he is 
 since, as I a good while ago gave you an accompt, 
 gon for Muscovy, in a ship bound with ammunition V 
 On the restoration, Whitefoord's services were acknow- 
 ledged ' with characteristic humour V ' The family 
 arms were altered in his favour, when the dove was 
 discarded from the top of the wheatsheaf, and that 
 itself was changed from sable to gules, while the 
 motto " D'en haut " was changed to what really 
 seemed highly appropriate to his career, 4< Ubique 
 aut nusquam.'" According to Burnet 5 , however, 
 Whitefoord turned papist, and entered the Duke 
 of Savoy's service, 'and was there when the last 
 massacre was committed on the Vaudois. He had 
 
 1 Wishart's Deeds of Montrose, 298, 496 ; Monteith's History of the 
 Troubles of Great Britain, 54. 
 
 2 Thurloe's State Papers, v. 315. 
 
 3 Ib. vii. 429. 
 
 * Rev. Caleb Whitefoord in Whitefoord MSS. 
 History of His Own Time, 433. 
 
Xll INTRODUCTION 
 
 committed many barbarous murders with his own 
 hands, and had a small pension given him after the 
 Restoration/ Burnet also gives a highly coloured 
 account of his death. ' He died a few days before 
 the Parliament met; and called for some ministers, 
 and to them declared his forsaking of popery, and 
 his abhorrence of it for its cruelty. He said, he had 
 been guilty of some execrable murders in Piedmont, 
 both of women and children, which had pursued him 
 with an intolerable horror of mind ever after. He 
 had gone to priests of all sorts, the strictest as well 
 as the easiest, and they had justified him in what 
 he had done, and had given him absolution. But 
 his conscience pursued him so, that he died as in 
 despair, crying out against that bloody religion 1 .' 
 Wood declares that he was still living in Edinburgh 
 in September, 1691 2 . 
 
 David Whitefoord, another son of the Bishop of 
 Brechin, was elected a Student of Christ Church, 
 Oxford, in 1642, from Westminster School, aged 
 sixteen. He soon after served with the garrison of 
 Oxford, and was ejected from his studentship in 1648. 
 He fought at the battle of Worcester, was wounded, 
 taken prisoner, and brought to Oxford. Thence he 
 was removed to London, where he was released 'by 
 the importunity of his friends/ He then became 
 usher to James Shirley, the poet, 'when he taught 
 school in the Whitefriars/ He was afterwards taken 
 into the service of the Duke of Lauderdale. Restored 
 to his studentship, his bedmaker found him dead in 
 his rooms at Christ Church on October 26, 1674, 
 'lying on his bed with his wearing apparel on him/ 
 
 1 History of His Own Time, 433. 2 A then. Oxon. ii. 532. 
 
INTRODUCTION Xlll 
 
 He was buried in the south transept of the Cathedral, 
 near his brother Adam. He was ' always accounted 
 an excellent Grecian and Philologist/ and published 
 Musaei, Moschi et Bionis, qiiae extant, omnia, London, 
 1655 ; Selectiora quaedam Theocriti Eidyllia, in Greek 
 and Latin; and an Appendix to Wishart's Compleat 
 History of the Wars in Scotland under the conduct 
 of James, Marquess of Montrose, ' as I have been 
 credibly informed by those that knew him well V 
 
 There is nothing worthy of notice in the history 
 of the family from this time until the period covered 
 by the letters and documents now published. The 
 eldest branch of the family was Whitefoord of Blair- 
 quhan, afterwards of Whitefoord, Ayrshire, descended 
 from a younger son of Whitefoord of that ilk. The 
 head of the family in the first quarter of the eighteenth 
 century was Sir Adam Whitefoord, created a baronet 
 in 1701, eldest son of James Whitefoord of Dunduff, 
 and nephew of John Whitefoord of Blairquhan. He 
 married Margaret, only daughter of Alan, seventh Lord 
 Cathcart, by his wife Elizabeth, daughter of James, 
 Viscount Stair, by whom he had four sons, John, Allan, 
 Charles, and Hugh, and a daughter, who married 
 Captain John Dalrymple, and died in April, 1743. 
 The name of his brother-in-law, Charles, eighth Lord 
 Cathcart, frequently occurs in the following corre- 
 spondence. Lord Cathcart was appointed to command 
 the West India Expedition, and sailed from Spithead 
 in October, 1740, but was seized with dysentery, 
 and died in the following December at Dominica. 
 Sir Adam Whitefoord died in November, 1727, and 
 was buried in the new church of Ayr. 
 
 1 Athen. Oxon. ii. 532. 
 
XIV INTRODUCTION 
 
 His son, Sir John Whitefoord, the second baronet, 
 entered the army in 1 720 as a Cornet in Cadogan's 
 Dragoons, and became Captain in 1726, and Major 
 in Stair's Dragoons in 1743. He succeeded Lord 
 George Sackville as Colonel of the i2th (Prince of 
 Wales') Light Dragoons in Jan. 1750, and was ap- 
 pointed Major-General in 1 758, and Lieutenant-General 
 in 1761. He died in Edinburgh on March 2, I763 1 . 
 He married Alice, daughter of John Moore, of Tully- 
 halen, in Ireland, who survived him till Sept. 29, 1776. 
 His son, Sir John Whitefoord, the third and last 
 baronet, Major of the io7th Foot, and afterwards of 
 the 1 04th Foot, is the subject of the fine lines by 
 Burns, sent to him along with the ' Lament for James, 
 Earl of Glencairn' : 
 
 Thou, who thy honour as thy God rever'st, 
 
 Who, save thy mind's reproach, nought earthly fear'st, 
 
 To thee this votive offering I impart, 
 
 The tearful tribute of a broken heart. 
 
 The friend thou valuedst, I the patron loved; 
 
 His worth, his honour, all the world approved; 
 
 We'll mourn till we, too, go as he has gone, 
 
 And tread the dreary path to that dark world unknown. 
 
 He is also said to have been the original of Sir Arthur 
 Wardour in Scott's Antiquary 2 . He died in 1 803. He 
 married, in 1761, Miss Cartwright, one of the co- 
 heiresses of the family of Cartwright of Ossington, 
 Nottinghamshire, by whom he had five sons, all of 
 whom died before him, and five daughters. His eldest 
 daughter, who married Henry Kerr Cranstoun, nephew 
 of the fifth Baron Cranstoun, was the heroine of ' The 
 Braes o' Ballochmyle,' by Robert Burns. Sir John 
 
 1 His portrait is in the possession of Charles Whitefoord, Esq., Whitton 
 Paddocks, near Ludlow. Vide also a sketch in Kay's Portraits. 
 * Cunningham's Life and Works of Burns, iv. 156-157. 
 
INTRODUCTION XV 
 
 Whitefoord inherited the estate of Ballochmyle 1 from 
 his uncle, Allan Whitefoord, in 1 766. In addition to the 
 children mentioned above, Sir John Whitefoord was 
 also the father of an illegitimate son, John Rousselet, 
 who afterwards, with the consent of Sir John, took the 
 name Whitefoord by Royal licence. John Rousselet 
 Whitefoord was knighted by the Lord Lieutenant of 
 Ireland on March 7, 1811. 
 
 Allan Whitefoord, the second son of Sir Adam 
 Whitefoord, was appointed in 1733 Receiver-General 
 of the Land Tax for Scotland. He afterwards be- 
 came proprietor of the estate of Ballochmyle, Ayrshire, 
 and died, unmarried, at Edinburgh, on March 26, 1766. 
 Hugh Whitefoord, the fourth son of Sir Adam White- 
 foord, entered the army in 1730, and in 1732 was 
 appointed Cornet in Cadogan's Dragoons, a regiment 
 which at the time included Sir John Whitefoord, his 
 eldest brother, and Captain *John Dairy mple, his 
 brother-in-law. When his uncle, Lord Cathcart, was 
 appointed to command the West India Expedition, 
 Hugh Whitefoord accompanied him as aide-de-camp 
 and secretary, but died at Carthagena, * from incle- 
 mency of the climate,' in April, 1741 2 . 
 
 Charles Whitefoord 3 , the third son of Sir Adam 
 Whitefoord, whose papers are now published, is the 
 most interesting of the four brothers. Entering the 
 sea-service in 1718, he served till he was qualified 
 to be Lieutenant of a man-of-war, for which he passed 
 an examination. ' But the Lords of the Admiralty 
 then taking a resolution to provide for half-pay officers 
 
 1 Sir John Whitefoord sold this estate in 1782 for 27,000. Vide infra, 
 p. 178. 
 
 2 Gentleman 's Magazine (1741), p. 332. 
 
 8 The following account is based on the Whitefoord MSS. 
 
xvi INTRODUCTION 
 
 only, he entered into the land service, carried arms 
 two years in the Dragoons, and learned his exercises 
 of riding, &c. in the Academy of Angers.' He was 
 made Ensign in 1728, Adjutant under General Blakeney 
 in 1729, Lieutenant in 1733, half-pay Captain in 1737, 
 and in 1738 exchanged with a Captain in the Royal 
 Irish in Minorca. His letters commence with this 
 period. The Minorca letters are taken up mainly 
 with Lord Cathcart's marriage, and his own life in 
 Minorca 1 . At the beginning of 1740 he exchanged 
 with Lord James Maitland into Wynyard's Marines, 
 but only remained in that post until April 4, when he 
 was made Major of the American regiment. In July, 
 
 1 740, he was gazetted aide-de-camp to his uncle Lord 
 Cathcart 2 . The West India Expedition brought him 
 many hardships. The ship which conveyed his baggage 
 and his transport foundered, and he lost ' effects to 
 a very considerable value, without receiving any con- 
 sideration/ Lord Cathcart died in November, and his 
 brother Hugh in the following April. At Carthagena 
 he obtained promotion. He appears to have taken 
 part in much of the fighting, and amongst his papers 
 there is a good sketch, by him, of the fortifications 
 of Castello Grande 3 . The Colonelcy of the 5th 
 Marines changed hands rapidly in March and April, 
 
 1741. Douglas, appointed Colonel on Nov. 21, 1739, 
 had his head shot off at Carthagena on March 23, 1 741. 
 He was succeeded by Grant, who was killed at Fort 
 
 1 pp. 2-13 infra. 
 
 2 I have printed (pp. 14-18) some notes on Sir George Rooke's expedi- 
 tions to Copenhagen, Cadiz, and Vigo, which appear to have been sent to 
 Lord Cathcart at this time and to have found their way into Col. White- 
 foord's hands, either through his brother Hugh, Lord Cathcart's secretary, 
 or as Lord Cathcart's executor. 
 
 9 p. 17 infra. 
 
INTRODUCTION xvii 
 
 St. Nazar on April 9. Grant was followed on April 14 
 by Daniel, who died in Carthagena harbour on April 25, 
 and Daniel was succeeded by Cochran, who survived 
 the expedition and died a Lieutenant-General in I758 1 . 
 When Cochran became Colonel, Charles Whitefoord 
 became Lieutenant-Colonel, of the 5th Marines. He 
 took part in the expedition to Cuba (June to November, 
 1741), in connexion with which there is an interesting 
 memorial addressed to him by the officers under his 
 command 2 on the danger of their position at Guanta- 
 mano. Returning to England he was for some time 
 stationed at Chatham. His letters at this time on 
 the position of officers of Marines 3 , his description of 
 his Chatham quarters 4 , his remarks on the position 
 of midshipmen in the Navy 5 , and his character of 
 Governor Macrae 6 are interesting. 
 
 Whitefoord was visiting his friends and relations 
 in Scotland when the Rebellion of 1745 broke out. 
 'We are alarm'd here/ he writes from Edinburgh, 
 1 with an invasion which I believe will end in smoke. 
 Certain it is that a few people have landed in the 
 West Highlands from a French man of war, but their 
 number [is] so inconsiderable that they only serve to 
 put us on our guard. Sir John Cope takes all neces- 
 sary precautions, and has himself march'd with the few 
 troops he has to pay them his compliments on their 
 arrival. They must be either fools or madmen, or 
 perhaps both, to make such a rash attempt, this country 
 being as I imagin extreamly well affected to the 
 present government 7 / Whitefoord, however, at once 
 
 1 Millan's Succession of Colonels. 2 pp. 18, 19 infra. 
 
 3 PP- 29, 39, &c. p. 33. 
 
 5 p. 38. p. 40. 
 7 p. 50 infra. 
 
 b 2 
 
xviii INTRODUCTION 
 
 ' went volunteer, refusing to be Adjutant General or 
 aide-de-camp to the Commander-in-Chief with pay, 
 thinking it his duty to serve his Majesty to the utmost 
 of his power without any private view 1 / His papers 
 during this period 2 include the orders given at Edin- 
 burgh, particulars as to the transports, a return of 
 Murray's regiment, a list of the Highland clans with 
 the sums they received in the 'latter end' of Queen 
 Anne's reign, the order of march from Haddington, 
 the proposed and the actual order of battle at Preston- 
 pans, a return of the wounded and prisoners, many 
 particulars relating to the treatment of the prisoners, 
 an account of the battle of Culloden, and an elaborate 
 defence of Sir John Cope. As Commissary, White- 
 foord provided stores for the Royal Army, and ' took 
 1150 tons of transports, without charging a farthing 
 for his own expense or the freight of the shipping, 
 which he retained while necessary and had six protests 
 taken against him. At the unhappy affair of Preston- 
 pans he acted (tho' unqualified) as Engineer, fired all 
 the guns were discharged on that occasion, stayed, 
 after he was deserted by the whole people were to 
 assist him, till he expended all the powder he had, 
 killed the Ensign and knocked down what they called 
 their Royal Standard, was wounded, taken prisoner 
 
 and lost his horses and baggage The rebels' 
 
 resentment was so strong against him that in the field 
 after the affair, when prisoner with Lord Elcho, one 
 of them cocked and presented a pistol at him, desiring 
 Lord Elcho's leave to shoot him, which that lord 
 prevented. He was marked down, described in their 
 books to be destroyed ; when prisoner at Perth, they 
 
 1 Whitefoord MSS. 2 pp. 49-94 infra. 
 
INTRODUCTION xix 
 
 fired into his room, through the garden door when he 
 was walking, and frequently when he appeared in 
 the field 1 / His conduct at Prestonpans has been 
 graphically described by Sir Walter Scott, and in fact 
 supplied the basis of one of the most striking scenes 
 in Waverley. Scott declares that the chivalrous re- 
 lations between the Baron Bradwardine and Colonel 
 Talbot were based upon anecdotes supplied to him 
 by Alexander Stewart of Invernahyle, of what took 
 place between himself and Charles Whitefoord. * When 
 the Highlanders on the morning of the battle of 
 Preston, 1745, made their memorable attack on Sir 
 John Cope's army, a battery of four field-pieces was 
 stormed and carried by the Camerons and the Stewarts 
 of Appine. The late Alexander Stewart of Invernahyle 
 was one of the foremost in the charge, and observing 
 an officer of the King's forces, who, scorning to join 
 the flight of all around, remained with his sword in 
 his hand, as if determined to the very last to defend 
 the post assigned to him, the Highland gentleman 
 commanded him to surrender, and received for reply 
 a thrust, which he caught in his target. The officer 
 was now defenceless, and the battle axe of a gigantic 
 Highlander (the millerof I nvernahyle's mill) was uplifted 
 to dash his brains out, when Mr. Stewart with difficulty 
 prevailed on him to yield. He took charge of his 
 enemy's property, protected his person, and finally 
 obtained him liberty on his parole. The officer 
 proved to be Colonel Whitefoord, an Ayrshire gentle- 
 man of high character and influence, and warmly 
 attached to the House of Hanover.' 
 
 Whitefoord MSS. 
 
XX INTRODUCTION 
 
 After the battle of Culloden had ruined the hopes of 
 Charles Edward, and dispersed his proscribed adherents, 
 it was Colonel Whitefoord's turn to strain every nerve 
 to obtain Mr. Stewart's pardon. He went to the Lord 
 Justice Clerk, to the Lord Advocate, and to all the 
 officers of state, and each application was answered by 
 the production of a list, in which Invernahyle (as the 
 good old gentleman was wont to express it) appeared 
 1 marked with the sign of the beast ! ' as a subject 
 unfit for favour or pardon. 
 
 At length Colonel Whitefoord applied to the Duke 
 of Cumberland in person. From him, also, he received 
 a positive refusal. He then limited his request, for 
 the present, to a protection for Stewart's house, wife, 
 children, and property. This was also refused by the 
 Duke ; on which Colonel Whitefoord, taking his com- 
 mission from his bosom, laid it on the table before 
 his Royal Highness with much emotion, and asked 
 permission to retire from the service of a sovereign 
 who did not know how to spare a vanquished enemy. 
 The Duke was struck, and even affected. He bade 
 the Colonel take up his commission, and granted the 
 protection he required. It was issued just in time to 
 save the house, corn and cattle at Invernahyle, from 
 the troops who were engaged in laying waste what it 
 was the fashion to call ' the country of the enemy 1 .' 
 
 After the Rebellion nothing of any great interest 
 in the life of Charles Whitefoord occurred. In 
 September, 1751, he was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel 
 of the 5th (Irwin's) Regiment of foot 2 , on the staff 
 in Ireland. His letters from Ireland 3 throw some 
 
 1 Introduction to Waverley. 
 
 2 Gentleman's Magazine (1751), 428. 
 
 3 pp. 104-117 infra* 
 
INTRODUCTION XXI 
 
 light on the condition of the army, recruiting, and 
 other military subjects. On the death of Lieutenant- 
 General Irwin, Colonel of the regiment, the Duke of 
 Dorset recommended Whitefoord to succeed him 1 , 
 and he was appointed on Nov. 25, 1752. But he did 
 not live long to enjoy his promotion. He died at 
 Galway on Jan. 2, I753 2 . 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord 3 , the son of Colonel Charles 
 Whitefoord, was born in Edinburgh in 1734. At an 
 early age he entered James Mundell's school, where 
 amongst his fellow-scholars were the Earl of Buchan, 
 Lord Hermand, Lord Polkemmet, Lord Balmuto, 
 and Dr. Andrew Hunter 4 . On March 3, 1748, he 
 matriculated at the University of Edinburgh, 'where 
 he made so great a proficiency in classical knowledge, 
 that his father intended him for the Church; but finding 
 his son had strong objections, he brought him to 
 London, and placed him in the counting-house of his 
 friend, Archibald Stewart, Esq., M.P., an eminent wine- 
 merchant in York Buildings,' AdelphL He apparently 
 did not find his duties inconsistent with frequent visits 
 to the theatre. ' I am this moment,' he writes to his 
 friend Stair *, ' returned from the play, and the chief 
 objects of my imagination are, Mr. Garrick strutting on 
 the stage and Lady Coventry ogling in the stage box.' 
 
 W T hile he was in London he received news of his 
 
 1 Historical MSS. Commission, 9th Report, iii. 67 a. 
 
 2 Gentleman's Magazine (1753), 51. The Scots Magazine states that 
 he died on Dec. 24, 1752, but this is an error. His will is dated Nov. 23, 
 1752. So also his ' last wishes ' (vide p. 1 17 infra). His portrait, in oils, 
 is in the possession of Charles Whitefoord, Esq., Whitton Paddocks, near 
 Ludlow. 
 
 3 Several notices of Caleb Whitefoord were published, after his death 
 in 1810, in the European Magazine, the Gentleman's Magazine, &c., but 
 they appear to have been all based upon the account of his life in Public 
 Characters for 1801-2. 
 
 4 Vide Mundell's letter to him, p. 140 infra ; and p. 263 infra. 
 8 p. 119 infra. 
 
xxii INTRODUCTION 
 
 father's death in Ireland, in January, 1753, and during 
 the next few months appears to have been much taken 
 up with the business following upon that event. His 
 father left him ' all that is in my power to leave him, 
 whether in bonds, bills, or debts due to me not 
 accounted for/ obliging him to pay legacies of ^200 
 to his sister, Charlotta Whitefoord, 100 to his 
 cousin Charles Fordyce, and ^500 to Lord Cathcart. 
 Sir John and Allan Whitefoord were appointed his 
 guardians. In 1 754 he went to France, where he stayed 
 two years. ' I have your doing well much at heart/ 
 writes Archibald Stewart l . ' You'll oblige me much if 
 you'l write me a honest journal of your life, from the 
 time you receive this, how all your hours are employed 
 from six in the morning, the time I presume you rise, 
 till ten that you go to bed, and I won't think there's 
 any thing wrong, in seeing some hours there, every 
 day, in company with French ladies/ Returning to 
 London, Whitefoord commenced business by entering 
 into partnership with Thomas Brown, of Craven Street, 
 Strand, with whom he maintained a life-long friend- 
 ship. In August, 1756, he was in Lisbon, and sent 
 home to Brown, Stair, and others a vivid description 
 of the state of that city after the earthquake 2 . 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord may have met Benjamin Franklin 
 before 1757, but from that year they were on terms of 
 intimate friendship. Whitefoord lived at No. 8, Craven 
 Street, and Franklin for some time lodged with Mrs. 
 Stevenson next door 3 . After Franklin's departure 
 from England they corresponded, and from 1762 
 onwards Franklin's name frequently occurs in White- 
 
 1 p. 123 infra, 2 pp. 126-131 infra. 
 
 3 A tablet recording the fact has been placed on the house, No. 7, 
 Craven Street. 
 
INTRODUCTION XXlll 
 
 foord's letters and papers 1 . Whitefoord's intimacy 
 with Franklin was well known to Lord Shelburne, and 
 towards the end of March, 1782, Whitefoord 'was 
 applied to, for his aid and assistance, towards bringing 
 about a confidential communication with Dr. Franklin, 
 Minister Plenipotentiary from the United States of 
 America at the Court of Versailles,' and 'in the 
 beginning of April, 1782, proceeded with Mr. Richard 
 Oswald to Paris, and by his personal interest with 
 Dr. Franklin soon brought about a confidential com- 
 munication, and procured satisfactory answers to all 
 the questions then proposed by the British Cabinet. 
 The negociation being thus commenced, Mr. Oswald 
 was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary for treating of 
 and concluding a peace with the Ministers of the 
 United States of America'; and Whitefoord, 'giving 
 up all other business, remained about thirteen months 
 at Paris, where he acted as sole Secretary to the Com- 
 mission, during the whole negociation of the Preliminary 
 Treaty of Peace, in 1782, and until the end of April, 
 I783 2 .' Burke endeavoured to depreciate the char- 
 acters and talents of the plenipotentiaries by describing 
 Oswald as a simple merchant and Whitefoord as a mere 
 diseur des dons mots. A change of administration having 
 taken place before Whitefoord's return from Paris, 
 there was considerable delay in rewarding him for his 
 services 3 , and it was only after repeated representations 
 
 1 Vide Franklin's letters, pp. 141, 197, 200 infra, and all the papers 
 relating to the Paris negotiations, particularly pp. 187-189, 190, 193-195, 
 210, 211 infra. 
 
 2 Cf. the account given in 'The Case of Brown and Whitefoord,' 
 pp. 192-196 infra ; 'Anecdotes of the Negotiations,' p. 187 infra ; 
 Oswald's letters, pp. 183, 185, 191, 192 infra \ Whitefoord's letter to the 
 Public Advertiser , p. 200 infra. 
 
 3 Cf. Franklin's letters, ' The Case of Brown and Whitefoord,' and 
 Whitefoord's letter to William Dundas, p. 198 infra. 
 
xxiv INTRODUCTION 
 
 to the Government that he received some compensa- 
 tion for his labour and the sacrifice of his business 
 during his stay in Paris 1 . 
 
 Whitefoord wrote many essays, poems, and epigrams 
 which were published in the Public Advertiser, the 
 St. James' Chronicle, and other newspapers. ' What 
 first engag'd me in political controversy/ he writes in 
 1766 2 , 'was a desire of undeceiving the publick, as to 
 the notion which prevailed two years ago, that most 
 places of trust and profit in England were engross'd 
 by Scotchmen. This assertion, false and absurd as it 
 was, had been frequently repeated by the North Briton 
 and Monitor-, and as nobody took the pains to confute 
 it, every John Bull in the kingdom believed it as 
 firmly as his creed. I undertook to combat this 
 opinion in a series of letters sign'd " Philo-Veritas." ' 
 Another of his pseudonyms was * Papyrius Cursor/ 
 Though he did not invent, he greatly improved Cross- 
 readings, Ship-news Extraordinary, and Errors of the 
 Press 3 . * Whenever any change of ministry happen'd, 
 and the party writers on both sides began the work of 
 serious abuse, I have always endeavour' d to make 
 such changes a matter of laughter than of serious 
 concern to the people V 
 
 His success against Wilkes and the Patriots won 
 for him the approbation of the Ministry, and it is said, 
 he was requested by a person high in office to write 
 a pamphlet on the subject of the misunderstanding 
 between England and Spain relative to the Falkland 
 
 1 On April 23, 1790, he received 400 ' on account of services performed 
 during the negotiation of the last Treaty of Peace at Paris,' and on July 20, 
 I 793j a pension of .200 a year was granted to him, to commence from 
 July 5, 1793. Whitefoord MSS. 
 
 2 Vide his letter to Knight, p. 143 infra. 
 
 8 Gentleman's Magazine (1810), i. 300. * p. 143 infra. 
 
INTRODUCTION XXV 
 
 Islands. That task, however, he declined, but re- 
 commended Dr. Johnson as the ablest person who 
 could be selected for the purpose. He was authorized 
 to negotiate this matter with Dr. Johnson, which he 
 did in concert with Strahan. It is said that, at this 
 period, Dr. Johnson had conceived a high opinion 
 of Whitefoord's taste and political influence, and 
 often expressed his approbation of his essays and 
 squibs, pronouncing them superior even to those of 
 Swift l . 
 
 Whitefoord's correspondence with the Woodfalls 2 
 and James Macpherson a refers mainly to his literary 
 activities. In 1775 he apparently expressed a wish to 
 H. S. Woodfall that his brother 'would fall foul 
 of Dr. Johnson for the objectionable passages in 
 his dogmatical account of his Journey to the Western 
 Islands of Scotland*! 
 
 Amongst the most interesting papers in the collection 
 are John Croft's letters and 'Anecdotes of Sterne 6 .' 
 In writing to Trumbull on March 25, 1789, thanking 
 him for ' a charming picture of Yorick and Maria/ he 
 says, ' I had often wish'd to be possess'd of some work 
 of yours, and this picture is doubly welcome to me, as 
 the subject is taken from an author for whom I felt 
 a particular regard and with whom I lived in habits of 
 intimacy and friendship/ Croft put together the 
 ' Anecdotes ' at Whitefoord's request. They are a 
 most valuable addition to the materials for Sterne's life. 
 
 1 Cf. Smollett's letter, p. 148 infra. The European Magazine seriously 
 disputes the soundness of Johnson's opinion. 
 
 2 pp. 147, 150, 151, 154, 155, 161, 162, 163 infra. 
 
 3 pp. 162, 217. 
 
 * Vide p. 161 infra, and Macpherson's letter, p. 162 infra. 
 
 8 pp. 223-235 infra. I lent Croft's letters and the ' Anecdotes of Sterne ' 
 in proof to Mr. Sidney Lee for his life of Sterne in the Dictionary of 
 National Biography. 
 
XXVI INTRODUCTION 
 
 With Foote and Garrick l also Whitefoord was on 
 intimate terms. His services were frequently in 
 request for prologues and epilogues to plays. There 
 is in the collection a large number of notes from 
 Mrs. Garrick, but none of them of sufficient interest 
 for publication. Another lady with whom he cor- 
 responded very frequently was Lady Anne Fortescue. 
 She lends him Cutina, encloses ' Bombaseen, which 
 is said to be written by Mr. T. Sheridan,' thinks 
 Mrs. Siddons ' inferior to Mrs. Gibber,' reads Mar- 
 montel, thinks Anticipation 'quite a treasure,' goes to 
 Elliston's benefit to see the Honeymoon, 'has been 
 told that Adelgitha is a very deep tragedy/ and sends 
 him The Lay of the Last Minstrel, ' which is much 
 admired.' With most of the artists of the day White- 
 foord was on very friendly terms, and many of their 
 works found their way into his collection. Sir Joshua 
 Reynolds painted his portrait. Some who afterwards 
 rose to fame, and many others who did not, were 
 kindly welcomed at his house. 'The Letter of Intro- 
 duction' which Wilkie brought with him to London, and 
 which suggested the subject of a well-known picture 
 by him, is included in the collection 2 . 
 
 Adam Smith said that 'although the Junto of wits 
 and authors hated one another heartily, they had all 
 a sincere regard for Mr. Whitefoord, who by his 
 conciliatory manners and happy adaptation of circum- 
 stances, kept his circle together in amity and good 
 humour.' When any quarrel or disagreement occurred 
 amongst his friends, Whitefoord used to invite the 
 parties to it to Craven Street, where he gave them 
 
 1 Vide letter from Garrick, p. 165 infra, and the ' Characters of Foote 
 and Garrick,' pp. 166, 167. 
 
 2 p. 260 infra. 
 
INTRODUCTION XXV11 
 
 a very good dinner and drank a glass to their re- 
 conciliation. It is said that once when Garrick and 
 Foote had long been at variance, Whitefoord contrived 
 to bring them to one of these conciliatory dinners, with 
 the result that Garrick actually lent Foote ^500 to 
 repair his theatre in the Haymarket. The story of the 
 composition of Goldsmith's Retaliation is well known. 
 Whitefoord's jeu d* esprit, one of those which led to 
 Goldsmith's reply, is amongst his papers 1 . Goldsmith's 
 epitaph on Whitefoord was published in the fourth and 
 subsequent editions of his poems 2 . 
 
 Here Whitefoord reclines, and deny it who can, 
 Tho' he merrily lived, he is now a grave man! 
 Rare compound of oddity, frolic, and fun, 
 Who relish'd a joke, and rejoic'd in a pun ; 
 Whose temper was gen'rous, open, sincere, . 
 A stranger to flattery, a stranger to fear; 
 Who scatterd around wit and humour at will, 
 Whose daily bons mots half a column might fill. 
 A Scotchman from pride and from prejudice free, 
 A scholar, yet surely no pedant was he. 
 What pity, alas ! that so lib'ral a mind 
 Should so long be to Newspaper Essays confined ; 
 Who perhaps to the summit of science might soar, 
 Yet content if the table he set on a roar; 
 Whose talents to fill any station were fit, 
 Yet happy if W T oodfall confess'd him a wit. 
 Ye newspaper witlings, ye pert scribbling folks, 
 Who copied his squibs and re-echoed his jokes, 
 Ye tame imitators, ye servile herd, come, 
 Still follow your master and visit his tomb; 
 
 1 Whitefoord's epitaph on Goldsmith began 
 
 Noll Goldsmith lies here, as famous for writing 
 As his namesake old Noll was for praying and fighting. 
 In friends he was rich, tho' not loaded with Pelf, 
 He spoke well of them, and thought well of himself. 
 The remaining eight lines are unfit for publication. It is a mistake to 
 regard Garrick as the author of the first two lines, which have been 
 frequently quoted. 
 
 2 An admirable miniature of Goldsmith, said to have been painted and 
 presented to Caleb Whitefoord by Sir Joshua Reynolds, is in the possession 
 of the Rev. Benjamin Whitefoord, Hon. Canon of Salisbury. 
 
XXvill INTRODUCTION 
 
 To deck it bring with you festoons of the vine, 
 
 And copious libations bestow on his shrine ; 
 
 Then strew all around it (yon can do no less) 
 
 Cross Readings, Ship News, and Mistakes of the Press. 
 
 Merry Whitefoord farewell, for thy sake I admit 
 
 That a Scot may have humour, I 'd almost said wit ; 
 
 This debt to thy memory I cannot refuse, 
 
 Thou best-humour'd man, with the worst-humourM muse. 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord was a Fellow of the Royal Society 
 and of the Society of Antiquaries, and a member of the 
 American Philosophical Society and of the Arcadian 
 Society of Rome. He was elected a member of the 
 Society of Arts in 1762, Chairman of the Polite Arts 
 in 1786, and Vice-President in 1800. He obtained for 
 the Society the portrait of Shipley, their founder, and 
 of Templeman, a former secretary. He died in 
 February, 1810. 
 
 Many of Caleb Whitefoord's 'fugitive pieces' are 
 printed in Debrett's Foundling Hospital for Wit. 
 The following were marked as Whitefoord's in a copy 
 of Debrett belonging to Lord Bute, the Minister of 
 George III, with whom Whitefoord was on intimate 
 terms: Proposals fora Female Administration, Verses 
 to Garrick on receiving his picture, On the Errors of 
 the Press, Cross Readings, To Brass Crosby, Esq r ., 
 Westminster Races, More Reasons for retaining the 
 letter K, To Sir Joshua Reynolds, Ship News, More 
 Cross Readings, Intelligence Extraordinary. Caleb 
 Whitefoord had a magnificent collection of pictures, 
 which were sold after his death 1 . It is difficult to 
 understand the low prices at which they were disposed 
 of. Supposing some of the old masters marked as 
 genuine were copies, there can be no doubt as to the 
 
 marked. 
 
 pp. 270 sqq. infra. Some of the prices obtained at the sale are 
 ke " 
 
INTRODUCTION xxix 
 
 genuineness of the pictures by Sir Joshua Reynolds 
 and other contemporary artists. In addition to the 
 pictures Whitefoord had a large collection of prints, 
 drawings, and medals, which were disposed of by 
 T. Philips at his rooms, Warwick Street, Golden 
 Square. In the announcement of the sale they are 
 said to comprise ' numerous works of the great Italian 
 masters, as Raphael, Correggio, Parmeggiano, Guercino, 
 the Caracci, &c., &c., many very rare ; and the best 
 works of the English masters, particularly of Sir Joshua 
 Reynolds, the most complete perhaps in England- 
 great part proofs of Mr. West, Mr. Cosway, &c., &c.' 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord lived first at No. 8, Craven Street, 
 Strand, and afterwards at No. 28, Argyll Street. The 
 latter house was sold after his death, by Christie, for 
 2,650 guineas. 
 
 There are portraits of Caleb Whitefoord by Sir 
 Joshua Reynolds in the possession of Charles White- 
 foord, Esq.,W T hitton Paddocks, near Ludlow; by Stuart, 
 engraved by W. Holl in the Transactions of the 
 Society of Arts, vol. xxix ; and by an unknown artist, 
 in the possession of the Society of Arts; and a drawing 
 by Cosway engraved in the European Magazine. 
 
WHITEFOORD PAPERS 
 
 17371744 
 
 t 
 
 [HUGH WHITEFOORD TO LORD CATHCART.] 
 
 PEZENAS,/tfry 22 d : 1737 : N: S: 
 
 MY LORD, 
 
 A letter I Received from my C n Charles bro* me an 
 Account of an illness your Ldp has lately had, which at 
 first threatened the most fatal consequences. My happyness 
 consisted in my ignorance of this 'till some time After the 
 danger was over 
 
 Charles takes notice in his letter that your Ldp was so 
 good as write me to Spa, which I'm heartily sory I was not 
 so lucky as receive. I give your Ldp a thousand thanks and 
 am infinitely sensible of the Loss I suff d in not receiving it. 
 
 I would, a great while ago, [have] done my self the honour 
 to have wrote to your Ldp but that I could send no news 
 that was worth your knowledge or would be relyed upon. 
 The history of my rambles was too insignificant to trowble 
 your Ldp with, and you'r so perfectly well acquainted with 
 this countrey that any poor description of mine must have 
 proved infinitely too dear in the reading. 
 
 I can't pretend to have reap'd All the benefite from this 
 long journey that I expected, tho' in the main I have had 
 vastly more health than for these 3 last winters in England. 
 When the winds don't blow hard from the mountains, we have 
 Almost an eternal summer ; rains are so uncommon that I 
 have seen but very little since I came into this part of France, 
 
 B 
 
2 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 and none at all for these two months past. I intend leaveing 
 this countrey on my way to England about the end of Spring, 
 but my designing to take a month at Spa will I'm afraid deprive 
 me of the pleasure of seeing y r Ldp before you leave Lond n . 
 
 The kind and genteel way in which L d Cadogan gave me 
 Leave of Absence lays me under such obligations to him, 
 that I would gladly begg the favour of your Ldp to thank 
 him, I'm the readeyr to take this liberty with your Ldp that 
 I'm perswaded his civilities to me (of which I have had 
 several proofs) proceeds only from the regard he has for your 
 Ldp. I begg my Comp 8 in the most Affectionate manner to 
 the young Gentlemen. I am My Lord, your Ldp's 
 
 Most Obed* most Obliged and devoted Humble Servant 
 
 HUGH WHITEFOORD. 
 
 [CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO HUGH WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 CIUDADELLA [Minorca], Dec r : 15 th : 1738. 
 
 MY D r HUGH, 
 
 Moore is actually married to Betty. Yours, of the 
 30 th Oct r from S* Omers, and of the 23 rd of Nov r I was 
 made happy with by the same packet. The one you wrote 
 on your arrival at London I did not recieve but thank you for 
 your good intentions. I am surpris'd that non of my letters 
 have come to hand. I wrote to my Lord as duty, gratitude, 
 and inclinations oblidg'd me, twice before this to you, to my 
 mother, S r John, Cap* Dalrymple, Allan, M r Blair and Captain 
 Sharman, but have heard from nobody but you. I'm not 
 surpris'd that ' letters miscarry, for our Post house here re- 
 sembles Wilsie M c Donal's at Port Patrick, and I am quarter'd 
 30 miles from Mahone oblidg'd to take the accidental oppor- 
 tunities that offer to send my letters by ; that non of mine 
 shou'd come to hand is very odd, and what I am sorry for, 
 because I wouM avoid being troublesom, by writeing too often 
 or appearing undutifull by not writeing at all. Justifie me to 
 the above. I can't express to you the joy I have on my Lord's 
 perfect recovery. I hope his life will be long and happy and 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO HUGH WHITEFOORD. 3 
 
 that he'll succeed in everything he undertakes. Was fortune 
 but half as much in love with him as the world is, his merit 
 would be better rewarded. Your letter from S l Omers 
 diverted me much. I saw woman set in a true light ; cunning, 
 malice, envy, hatred, revenge, pride, deceit and lust are the 
 principal engredients of their composition ; there is no judgeing 
 of them either from their words or actions ; tears they have at 
 command, and lying from a constant practice is so habitual to 
 them that they cannot speak truth ; I have as great a regard 
 for the female agent l as for most of her sex, but to raise her 
 own me. !t, in removeing the unsurmountable difficulties she 
 meets with, she's oblidg'd to exagerate, and embellish the 
 others behavior. You know a widow can't speak of her last 
 departed dear without tears and faintings, tho' she's conscious 
 that for a long time before she pray'd more sincerely for his 
 death, than ever she did for the salvation of her soul, but like 
 physicians consulting about a patient's health, it's a forme 
 custom has impos'd upon them and they must keep up the 
 farce ; I have great hopes from a charge in person. If she saw 
 with my eyes there are irre[si]stable charms not to be withstood e, 
 and if she consults her own happiness she'll embrace the offer. 
 Still I'm strangely divided in my wish ; when I figure to my 
 self a radiant Angel link'd to a Shrew, ... for a little pelf, I 
 tremble at the thought of it and wish it mayn't take place ; 
 but then when I see one possess'd of every good quality, every- 
 thing that can please a woman, with good sense and good 
 nature in the superlative degree, I fancy it may do well if she 
 has anything human in her. If it happens, may they be happy 
 as their wish ; if it fails, there is too good an understanding 
 to let it make any impression ; heaven I hope will order what 
 is best. Now my d r Hugh as to yourself. I'm glad you 
 have receiv'd some benefit from the waters, I'm sorry it is not 
 more, and that your ensigncy is still depending. I need not 
 use many arguments to convince you that I have your interest 
 
 1 Mrs. Sabine, widow of Joseph Sabine, Esq., of Tring, Herts., m. Charles, 8th 
 Lord Cathcart, in 1739. On his death (Dec. 1740), she married (1745) Lieut.-Col. 
 Hugh Macguire, whom she survived. She died in Aug. 1789, aged 98. Miss 
 Edgeworth relates in Castle Rackrent the story of her long imprisonment in her 
 own house by her last husband. 
 
 B 2 
 
4 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 and welfare at heart. If success attends the present scheme 
 I have for you I shall be happy beyond expression ; Cap* 
 Bissiere of our Reg* has a mind to retire. I have bargained 
 for you, as you'll see by the enclos'd for ... lib if you can 
 succeed him at once, and 300 with a Captain's half pay on 
 the En . . . establishment, if you can do it easier in that shape. 
 He had bargain'd formerly [with] Cornet Fitzwilliams of the 
 Duke of Argyll's horse who was to give him 2Oo lib more. You 
 must go to Pons's coffee house and inform yourself of M r 
 Sallee how far Fitzwilliams is off; there being more money in 
 the case, he '11 to be sure prefer him : but as I cou'd not pre- 
 vail on Besiere to give longer than three months, I wou'd rather 
 have you inform your self by a third person of the State of the 
 affair and keep this letter to answer to some time after the 
 rising of the Parliament, the time you know business is done, 
 that is to say not to deliver Besiere's letter to Sallee till the 
 month of March, which will keep him bound till the end of 
 May, being valid for three months after Sallee receives it. If 
 you think this a little quirkish, do as you judge proper ; 
 tho' a company is not so good as it was there are still pick- 
 ings. I'm sure it is cheap. I have always had the good luck 
 to make better bargains for my freinds than for myself. Brig r 
 Armstrong's consent must be had ; that our worthy freind will 
 procure you. Ply the little commander's wife : she may help 
 you on this occasion ; leave no stone unturn'd, and give me 
 your thoughts of it by the first post. By an agreement of our 
 Captains that all men brought to the Reg* shall be at the 
 same rate my Ireish draughts will cost me 7 lib. a man. I 
 
 made a curs'd faut pas with that S hpr Sharman. Pray 
 
 send me an answer as soon as you can. How far is a Captain 
 comeing into a Reg 1 bound to stand to the private agreements 
 of the Captains ? W* the reasons for and against. I salute 
 all my freinds. Pray assure my Lord of my most dutifull 
 respects. I wou'd have wrote to Captain Wilson 1 but that he 
 knows by other hands all I cou'd have said to him, so wou'd 
 not put him to expense. 
 
 1 Captain Alexander Wilson, Queen St., Westminster, Agent for several regi- 
 ments. Millan's Succession of Colonels (1744). 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO HUGH WHITEFOORD. 5 
 
 [CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO HUGH WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MINORCA, Jan**: 2; th : 1739. 
 MY D r HUGH, 
 
 I have a letter from Captain Dalrymple from London 
 Jan ry the 2 d back'd by you, without any compliments from 
 you which makes [me] imagin you wrote your self at the 
 same time; if you did it has not come to hand. I am glad 
 to see by it that my Lord is so well and that your honour is 
 better than expectation. I can't concieve how that damn'd 
 Ensigncy comes to stick so long on hand, he says it's now put 
 into an infallible way. I wish I heard of your being rid of it, 
 and that the other project had taken place ; how happy 
 shou'd I be was that brought to bear ; I wait with the utmost 
 impatience to know your thoughts about it. 
 
 I ship'd on Board of the Richmond Brigantin, Edward Hill 
 Master, a Hogshead of S'gis [Sitges 1 ] for My Lord Cathcart 
 directed to M r Douglass at the Brittish Coffee house. I hope 
 it will prove good, tho' I fear it much not haveing tasted any 
 wine since I came here like what my Lord had. The great 
 demand for it has made the people at Barcelona (for we have 
 it from thence) mix other wines with it to encrease the 
 quantity so have spoil'd the wine. M r Sharman wrote to 
 his correspondants not to take anything for it. This, M r 
 Hugh, is what I won't suffer; I wou'd not have My Lord 
 oblidg'd to such a scoundrel, therefor you must insist on 
 paying him ; it does not cost five pound ; Allan will give me 
 credit for it. Captain Wilson too was at some expence, or 
 Douglas of the Brittish Coffee house. Be so good as pay 
 them and draw on Allan. During these troubles we have no 
 commerce with Majorca so I can't yet send any Alba Flora 2 . 
 I intend to employ your freind but you have wrote his name 
 
 1 Henderson, after remarking on the thickness and muddiness of the red wines 
 of Ampurdan and other parts of Catalonia, says : ' The white wines are of a 
 choicer quality, particularly the malmsey of Sitges, which approaches to that of 
 Malaga, but does not keep so well, being very apt to fret, probably from the want 
 of proper fining* [History of Ancient and Modern Wines, p. 194]. 
 
 3 ' At Banalbusa (Majorca) is grown the white wine known under the name of 
 Alba Flor, which though it has less aroma, approaches in flavour to the growths 
 of Sauterne. Minorca also produces some wines of a similar kind ' \ib. 196]. 
 
6 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 in such haste that I can't read it nor can any body help me to 
 it ; let me have it a litle morr legible if you please. 
 
 I am confoundedly off w* these draughts. By an agreement 
 among the Captains that all men brought to the Regiment 
 shall be at the same rate, the London Recruits and draughts 
 are mix'd together, which will raise their price to eight pound 
 a man. Eleven fall to my share. Judge of Mr. Sharman's 
 conscience who gives me in equivalent what is not worth 
 5 shillings. I had some thoughts not to have stood to 
 the agreement of the Captains, but to enter with a dispute 
 into the Regiment, I thought wou'd have a bad grace so 
 must put up with the loss. That and a thousand things 
 Fm oblidg'd to buy will keep [me] under water for some time, 
 but does not fret me. If you get here I'm perswaded it will 
 cure you : Captain Congreve who complain'd of all your ails 
 has enjoy 'd perfect health ever since his arrival. When I 
 know for certain of your affairs being done I will send you 
 a list of what things you are to purechase. Housekeeping 
 is the word, a task I hate but must submit to. No steel beds, 
 they are mere babies. 
 
 I have nothing worth troubleing my Lord. Pray make 
 my most dutifull compliments acceptable to him, and if 
 you are acquainted w* M r Blair, you'll let him know that 
 I wrote to him about M r Stanhope who intends in a 
 few days to leave this Iseland. I have no answer from 
 Sharman in relation to his servant. Can the fellow show his 
 face after using me in the manner he has done. My com- 
 pliments to Mooker, M" Crosby, Capt. Forrester, Geo. Gray 
 and all my freinds. Heaven bless you My D r Hugh, Adieu. 
 
 No token of love. I am most impatient. 
 
 I salute Miss Jenny, whose health I drink twice a day. 
 
 [CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO HUGH WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 CIUDADELA, Feb rv : 26 th : 1738-9. 
 
 MY D r HUGH, 
 
 Your letter which I receiv'd last night dated the I st 
 Ins* has struck such a damp upon my spirits that a Tonn of 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO HUGH WHITEFOORD. 7 
 
 Hartshorn won't be able to raise them. I was so elated with the 
 prospect of haveing you a Captain in this Regim 1 , had form'd so 
 many schemes for happiness in the enjoyment of your company, 
 that I had bid defiance to Fortune, banish'd chagrin, and dis- 
 charg'd all those gloomy vapours that, you know, us'd too too 
 often to attend me, but alas, how fleeting are all our joys ; 
 they die before they're ripe, and we have only the melancholy 
 reflection of being dupes to our imaginary projects ; as no 
 pleasure ; s equal to the liveing constantly with a freind one 
 loves and esteems, my sorrow is in proportion to my disap- 
 pointment. May something better happen to you, and I'll 
 endeavour to be as easie as I can ; it must be the climate, 
 for sense vanishes, and reason weakens at the approach of 
 years, yet I am easier in my mind, and bear disappointment 
 with more tranquility than usual, and am in hopes of 
 arriveing at that bliss'd insensibility, that makes mortals 
 stupidly easie. It gives me great joy that the worthy of 
 worthies is in so fair a way of succeeding, may he be bliss'd 
 with Heavens choicest gifts. I can't help reflecting on his 
 treatment from the Female Agent. How valuable is a freind, 
 and how few deserve it that assume the character ; honesty 
 is certainly the best policy, and I'm perswaded had she acted 
 with more integrity it wou'd have been better for her. How 
 unlike is her behaviour to his, honest and sincere in all he says 
 or does, despiseing the litle roundabout ways that sordid 
 souls practise to procure their ends. I suspected all along 
 the difficulties that were started to be the fetches of female 
 cunning and must hate the author of them. He has acted 
 with his wonted prudence, and I hope success will attend him 
 in all his undertakeings ; pray how stands his affair w fc 
 S r Jn Houstoun and Denny, for as his generosity made me 
 what I am, I'm in the utmost concern for everything regards 
 him, and in the greatest pain when his good actions meet 
 with such ungratefull returns, but virtue is its own reward. 
 Did he speak to Lord Harrington about M r Stanhope as I 
 tooke the liberty to beg of him ? I wou'd be glad to know it. 
 I'm sory your health is no better. I'm convinc'd as I wrote 
 you last that this Iseland wou'd cure you. That damn'd 
 
8 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Ensigncy keeps you uneasie. What is it stops it now ? I think 
 Handasyd's order very hard seeing it is not your fault that 
 the thing is not done. It behoves M r Clerk as much as you 
 to forward it, and I see no reason why you shou'd be punish'd 
 for a thing you cannot help. 
 
 I am oblidg'd to you for the hint you have given about my 
 housekeeping. Had you come over, we might have done it 
 very well together ; as you don't nothing but absolute neces- 
 sity shall oblidge me to it, so I beg of you let my freinds 
 give themselves no trouble of that kind. Now I must give 
 you some commissions. The lookeing glass I had from you in 
 Ireland was broke comeing over ; that you'll please to supply 
 w fc a pretty good one. Books here are scarce, and reading 
 our greatest diversion, therefor the Tatlars, Spectators, Swift's 
 works (I have the Tale of a Tub), the independent Whigg, 
 Leonidas, Thomson's Seasons, Shakespear's Plays and Con- 
 greve's Comedies I shall be oblidged to you for w* Dyches 
 English Etymological Dictionary, the Beggars Opera and Pas- 
 quin, and anything that's to your tast. I have wrote to honest 
 Allan from whome I have the kindest letter in the world that 
 you'll draw on him for the money, for to tell you the truth 
 the stoppages on me for recruiting have been so large that I 
 have been forc'd to borrow money to pay my comp y but that 
 will soon be over. Douglass of the British Coffee house will 
 put them on Board. If they were accompanied w* a Hogh d 
 of right Dorchester Beer I wou'd drink your health now 
 and then. My most dutifull respects to my Lord, and comp 8 
 to all my other freinds. I have only had one letter from 
 Capt. Dalrymple since I came tho' I have wrote him often. 
 Send over Miss Jenny and I'll make her Queen of Minorca, 
 kiss her for me, tho' I durst not for you. Heaven bless you 
 My D r Hugh. Adieu. 
 
 [CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO HUGH WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 CIUDADELA, Feb* v \ 28 th : 1738-9. 
 
 MY D r HUGH, 
 
 The pleasure I know you have on any occasion that 
 offers for the service of your freinds, procures you this. We 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO CAPT. JOHN DALRYMPLE. 9 
 
 were assembled this morning by our Colonel to consult about 
 our Regimentals, and I have got the whole corps to back me 
 in recommending M r Pritchard to our Brigadier to provide us 
 in cloath and lineings ; the jobb won't be bad for him, and I'm 
 sure he'll use us well, but our Brigadier being a little tickleish, 
 he must be manag'd with address. I wou'd have M r Pritchard 
 wait upon him as soon as possible to prevent his being engag'd, 
 and I have got M r Armstrong here, to write to his Brother 
 who is ali .vays about the Brigadier, to back our prayer ; con- 
 sidering the number of needy relations that prey on poore 
 Pritchard we shou'd all endeavour to make him some amends. 
 I must also beg of you to send a penny post letter to freind 
 Crafton the Quaker for such a hat as I had last, cock'd in your 
 taste ; your size serves me. New Regimentals, a mighty bad 
 year this, no help for it, un bon mariage payera tmit ; I must 
 also add to my former commissions half a dozen quares of 
 gilt paper and half a pound of fine red wax. I have borrow'd 
 out my credit. M r Hutton, a very pretty young fellow that 
 carries arms in my Company, will wait on you and deliver you 
 some quicke and strong cement of this Iseland which you'll 
 send to little Doctor Pringle with my comp 9 . 
 
 Our express gives me onely time to add my most dutifull 
 respects to my Lord with comp 8 to, &c. Heaven bliss you. 
 
 [CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO CAPT. JOHN DALRYMPLE.] 
 
 ClUDADELA, Af\ 12 th : 1739. 
 
 MY D r CAPTAIN, 
 
 I receiv'd yours with more joy than I can express or 
 you concieve. My Sister well, I, in your good graces, and 
 your fortune mended, these are blissings too great, I'm afraid 
 to be of long continuance, but let us enjoy the present and be 
 happy, at least while they last ; sorrow comes soon enough, 
 we'll not anticipat it, with chimerical conjectures of what may 
 never happen ; I hope your happiness will not onely continue 
 but encrease. I know her being in health is what affords you 
 the greatest comfort, and sure nobody deserves it better, it is 
 
10 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 the onely want she has, of what is good, and had you but seen 
 her before she had the damn'd small pox, you wou'd have 
 found all that was aimiable in her sex join'd with all that is 
 noble in ours. As you seem to have set bounds to your 
 ambition, and got a retreat in your eye, let it be some place 
 that will admit of me. I assure you all my views center in 
 that ; it ends my wish and the certainty of it wou'd make me 
 compleatly happy. Allan too by that time will be tir'd of 
 business. He's an Angel ; I have such a letter from him as 
 none but he cou'd have wrote, thank him for me the first time 
 you write. Take in honest Hugh, and let it be at some small 
 distance from our worthy Patrone. When that bliss'd time 
 shall come to pass, I wont envy their happiness who liv'd in 
 the Golden Age, nor wish to change my state for the feign'd 
 joys of Paradise, I mean Mahomets. 
 
 Wou'd these damn'd Spaniards let us but alone I shou'd 
 soone be in a condition, to leave what they call the 
 pleasures of this world, but we are at present under no 
 small apprehensions from the measures, we (at least I) 
 wish and dread will be taken. The Spaneish treatment I 
 think unsupportable ; a war I looke on as inevitable and 
 shou'd it turn on this quarter, we of this Iseland stand a 
 bad chance ; as certain as we're attack'd we're taken ; never 
 was there such villanny in the execution of any work in this 
 world. The works are vastly extensive, yet there is not 
 quarters in the Garrison for half the number of men necessary 
 to man them. The men off of duty are equally expos'd to 
 danger with those that are on. Our works are all commanded, 
 and our walls in such condition that we dare not venture to 
 fire our own cannon. You see Honour, Liberty and Means, 
 are all at stake ; our countrymen damn us for giveing up 
 a place that is not tenable, our ennemies carry us off Prisoners 
 and our household gods and chattels become a prey to the 
 victors. I have not a great deal of the last, but more than 
 ever I expected. How do you like our Situation ? I assure 
 you I don't exaggerat. While we have a fleet here, they 
 won't attempt it ; there lies our security ; they must bring 
 everything [with] them they shall have occasion for. My 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO CAPT. JOHN DALRYMPLE. II 
 
 blood boils over at the indignities our nation receives and 
 I wou'd run any risque sooner than put tamely up with them. 
 When they see us in earnest they will fall in their demands. 
 The bounds of our American Plantations too to be determin'd ! 
 
 rare Spaniard ! O poore England ! into what wretched 
 abject state art thou fallen, the scoff and redicule of our 
 neighbours. 
 
 By a most oblidgeing letter the last packet from 
 
 1 hope that affair is concluded. He seems to promise 
 himself great happiness. I'm sure it can't exceed what 
 he deserves or I wish. I long to know all the particulars, 
 how it turns out on the whole, and how to be dispos'd of. 
 This will make him independant. May he be great as he's 
 good. I cou'd almost wish him out of Parliament now, the 
 conflicts he has sometimes, I dread the effects of, which makes 
 me wish him retir'd as he loves a country life. 
 
 I am grown so fat that it is become uneasie to me. I in- 
 dulge too much, am return'd to suppers. Three meals a day 
 and no excercise has put me out of all shape ; and wou'd you 
 beleive it, I am become an Assembly man, play at quadrille 
 with the Ladies, go to Church on Sundays, but then I swear 
 most intolerably all the rest of the week. My bad luck con- 
 tinues, and my damn'd temper grows worse, neither the folly 
 of the thing nor respect to the Fair can bridle my passion, 
 I .... like a madman. Oh cou'd we wash our minds as we 
 can our faces, or wou'd even bloodletting do it, I cou'd open 
 every vein with pleasure ; but alas it is become too much part 
 of my constitution to be alter'd. 
 
 On Monday we change Quarters and march to the other 
 extream of the Iseland ; where we are now is the quietest and 
 cheapest, there we do duty ; all my baggage sent by sea ; we 
 have no waggons, carts nor Horses in the Iseland. Mules or 
 asses carry on their backs what we are oblidg'd to take by land. 
 The next march I make, my embarras will be greater, as my 
 moveables encrease. I have now two plenish'd chambers but 
 have been unlucky hitherto in my houses, the last house I 
 repair'd is not to be a quarter this year, so I lose that, and 
 I have onely drawn half of a house for the next year which 
 
12 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 oblidges me to buy my other half. When you write to my 
 Sister let me not be forgot, for I adore you both. Adieu. 
 
 [CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO HUGH WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 S T PHILLIPS GUARDROOME [Minorca], Ap l 19 [1739]. 
 
 MY D r HUGH, 
 
 The sudden sailing of the Pacquet, which will happen 
 this afternoon, prevents my haveing the Honour to answer 
 a most oblidgeing letter from the worthiest of men. By his I 
 flatter myself by this time matters are brought to a conclusion. 
 Oh how impatiently do I long for the confirmation of it, tho' 
 I'm sure it's done, yet I shall be extreamly uneasie, till I see 
 it under your fair hand, which I hope next Pacquet will bring 
 me, then I think we may bid defiance to fortune. To see him 
 happy that made me so, is all I wish. 
 
 I am just march'd into Toun, and without being allow'd to 
 march off from the Parade, the Adjutant warns me for guard. 
 Tho' youngest Captain, I obey with a Protest, Minorca Dis- 
 ciplin. I grudge it the more, that it deprives me of several 
 things I intended to have given you the trouble of sending me. 
 As I sent most of my things by water from the last Quarters, 
 I have lost my whole stock of rum which was the best I ever 
 tasted and the only valuable thing I had. I can't yet tell what 
 I shall be able to provide myself with here. Several things I 
 have bought, but many things I want. I'm told one of Captain 
 Wilson's Clerks is agent for the Minorca officers ; if so I shall 
 employ him for the future ; be so good as let me know. In the 
 meantime I beg you'll add to my former commissions the great 
 Historical Dictionary, if you can get it by means of Millard, Six 
 Cambrick stocks answering your buckle, but much wider, at 
 least two inches, for I'm grown monstrous fat, and two black silk 
 ones which you'll get from M r8 Murray and pay her, to whome 
 I shall make proper acknowledgements at meeting ; you'll be 
 so good as take the money from M r Burroughs, our agent, 
 and let him stop it out of my next abstract, I mean the whole 
 you have laid out for me, instead of drawing on Allan, and if 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO HUGH WHITEFOORD. 13 
 
 you had a leisure hour some morning to let him know that 
 I am his Humble Servant, and that in the month, or rather 
 out of the Muster for October he'll pay M r Ja 8 Douglas 
 50 lib. and stop it out of my abstract I shall be oblidg'd 
 to him, which you must also notifie to Mr. Douglas to call 
 for, and Geo. Innis to inform me of the Payment of. You 
 notifie to me some things intended to be sent me. I must 
 beg the favour to know from whome that I may make the 
 proper acknowledgements. I'm sorry they put themselves to 
 the expence, but they are too generous. I must beg of you 
 to visit M r Stanhope whome you'll find at his Father's ; he's 
 cousin german to Bob. Rick is a young fellow of exceeding 
 good understanding but the Post he has got I'm afraid entre 
 nous will turn his head, but mum. If things are as I wish 
 them, I beg you'll lay me with the most profound submission 
 at the feet of the happy couple to whome I wish for the most 
 perfect felicity. My comp 8 to Cap* Wilson and all freinds. 
 Adieu my dearest Hugh, at 12 I go long rounds. 
 
 [THE EARL OF STAIR (?) TO LORD CATHCART 1 .] 
 
 [1740] 
 
 I do not know what troops are propos'd to be sent from Britt. 
 Surely for so many the inva. [Invalids (?)] are the propers* 
 Corps. The two Reg* 8 in the Leew d Islands and Placentia 
 might be replaced by Marines. Whatever other Reg* 8 go in my 
 opinion to prev* accid* 8 should be double officer'd and if I had 
 anything to say I would add a company of Grend" to every 
 one of the Batt. and chuse the best Officers for those Comp. 
 A few such Companies of Grend make an excellent head for 
 new troops. There is another thing w ch may be done 
 on the contin* of America w ch appears to be of great 
 consequ. and w ch probably may be done with fewer troops, 
 and that is the seizing the Fort S* Augustin. That F* taken 
 
 1 Lord Cathcart was appointed to the command of the expedition against the 
 Spanish Settlements in the West Indies in 1740. He set sail from Spithead in 
 October, 1 740 ; was seized with dysentery and died at Dominica, Leeward Islands, 
 in December. 
 
14 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 and a station kept att the Bahama Islands the Bay of Mex. 
 would be effect 117 shut up so that no single Ship could go out 
 without being seen. If France shou'd take p* with Spain 
 in this Warr by the means of our Col. of New England and 
 New York we may very soon put ourselves in a condition 
 to take Quebeck and Canso. In y* case the fishing trade and 
 y e furr trade will fall intir. into the hands of Brittain and the 
 furn. all those N. count, of Amer. with our wool, manufactures 
 will appear to be obj. of great imp. beside furn. the F. sugar 
 [plantations] with bread lumber &c. You see my L d I have 
 wi. great freedom told you such observ. as I have made. 
 I shall be very glad if any of them can be of use. I can with 
 great truth say I have ever been a faithfull serv* to y e King 
 and accord, to the best of my understand, zealously attach'd 
 to y e hon r and inter 8 * of the K. and to y e hon r and int 8t of my 
 count. w ch I look upon to be things insep. 
 
 I have at all times been very heart. y r friend and am so 
 still and with great affect. y r most humb. and ob d serv* &c. 
 
 ST[AIR]. 
 
 [NOTES 1 ON SIR GEORGE ROOKE'S EXPEDITIONS TO 
 COPENHAGEN, CADIZ, AND VIGO.] 
 
 Descent (1700) att the bay of Coq 3 I[eagues\from 
 Copenh[agett\. 18,000 men. 
 
 Anchored in the bay of Coq S Side. A Strong detach- 
 ment both horse and foot appear'd att the place where we 
 intended to land. After rowing forward towards for some 
 time we suddenly tack'd about and landed on the opposite 
 side of the bay before their foot could come up, a small 
 party of horse being onely arriv'd. 
 
 The Troops were landed in large Swed. long boats holding 
 about a hundred men and the landing cover'd by the cannon 
 
 1 Sent to Lord Cathcart at about the same time as the foregoing letter, and pro- 
 bably intended to give him some guidance in the projected attack on the Spanish 
 settlements in the West Indies. For details of the expeditions vide Lediard's Naval 
 History, ii. 730 sqq., 747-759 ; Boyer's Reign of Queen Anne, p. 30 sqq. ; Colomb's 
 Naval Warfare, pp. 279-289. 
 
NOTES ON SIR GEORGE ROOKE'S EXPEDITIONS. 15 
 
 of the Small vessels that could come nearest the Shore. The 
 long boats carried each three pieces of 3 pounders in their bow. 
 
 1702. Descent at Port S* Mary's. 
 
 Sail'd with ten thousand men under S r Geo. Rook and 
 commanded by the D. of Ormond. Arriv'd in the bay 
 of Bulls opposite Gales [Cadiz] and sounded the water for 
 three or four days in order to attack Gales where there was 
 a slender garrison, during w ch time the Span ds sunk four or 
 five Ships in the mouth of the harbour between Malaguarda 
 of 100 G[uns] on one side and S l Cruz 40 Gns on the other. 
 Upon this a counsel of Warr was held and we agree'd to land 
 in the bay of Bulls w ch was done after this manner. 
 
 Five or six small vessels went as near the shore as possible 
 and kept firing their cannon all the morning where ever any 
 body of men appeared, and According to our best information 
 the Span d8 had six or seven thousand horse, att the same time 
 orders being given for the boats to imbark the troops from 
 the sever 1 transports and to parade under the yatch's stern 
 where the D. of Or. was to receive their orders w ch were as 
 follows. The eldest Brig d8 with their gen 118 were posted in the 
 front line of boats with the Duke of Or 3 att their head with 
 a union in his boat's stern, the younger Brig* 18 with their 
 Gener 118 were in the sec d line. Ab* ten o'clock upon a signal 
 given the whole moved forward in the best order possible, 
 our frigates and small ships keeping a constant fire all the 
 while upon the ennemies Cavalry. When we were within half 
 musket shot of the shore there was such a swell of the sea 
 that it put both lines in disorder and every boat pushing to 
 get ashore we landed in great disorder so that there was 
 about 21 boats overset and lost, and ab* 70 private men 
 drown'd and the ammunition of the rest spoilt. A Battallion 
 of the guards and Kirk's being the first who landed receiv'd 
 the ennemy's horse upon their bayonets and drove them back 
 and kill'd their general. That afternoon and next day some 
 distance from this the tents, ammunition and some artillery 
 were landed. 
 
1 6 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 The Dutch landed lower where the Sea was smooth and 
 lost no men, onely fifty men kill'd by the cannon of a small 
 fort from w ch we were cover'd by a sand hill. 
 
 This bad success was owing to not attacking Cales before 
 the ennemy sunk their ships in the mouth of the bay, w cb 
 might [have] been done the 1 st or 2 d day, and not chusing 
 the proper place to land. 
 
 The men were landed in the men of warr's long boats and 
 in large flat bottom boats w ch held fifty men each and built 
 for that purpose. Two or three of these large flatt bottom'd 
 boats were on board each man [of] warr. These large boats 
 and long boats were tow'd by the small boats of the fleet, 
 every soldier carrying his arms in his hands, every man having 
 forty shot and six days bread, the men having their ammu- 
 nition tied up under their arms. After six weeks stay the 
 army march'd from S* Mary's and were follow'd by six 
 thousand horse. The army march'd along the strand having 
 the sea on their left. The Spanish horse attempted our rear 
 but were drove back by firing four field pieces loaded with 
 pound shot. After this the four troops of Drag 8 w* every 
 one a footman behind him were detach'd to Rota to secure 
 the reimbarkation, w ch they did by barricading the streets 
 leaving onely passage for the men to march through to their 
 boats. The last division that pass'd set fire to the barricades 
 w ch disappointed the ennemies horse in attacking us upon our 
 imbarkation some skirmishing excepted, between the advanc'd 
 parties of their horse and the last battalion that imbarked, 
 with little loss on either side. In this affair the onely con- 
 siderable loss we sustain'd was by our peoples going a marod- 
 ing and being kill'd by the boors. 
 
 Descent on Vigo. 
 
 After the arrival of the fleet near the bomb at Vigo cover'd 
 on one side by a fort of 3C 8 and 18 on the other, the D. Ormond 
 landed 3000 men in the common way without any opposition 
 w ch attacked the fort the next day att the same time the 
 shipping attack'd the bomb. The fort was carried by assault 
 and the garrison put [to] the sword, the bomb being broke 
 
NOTES ON SIR GEORGE ROOKE'S EXPEDITIONS. 1 7 
 
 and fort taken. The French set fire to most of their ships 
 and got ashore by their boats or swimming. The ill success 
 
 C. STELLO GRANDE 1 [CARTAGENA]. 
 Lying toward the mouth of the harbour. 
 
 Lying towards Carthagena. 
 
 R. P. I. 
 
 Internal side of the polygon 31 4 3 
 
 face of y Bastion 1220 
 
 flank 53 
 
 Curtain 24 3 7 
 
 Terre plein 448 
 
 Thickness of the parapet 48 
 
 from y angle of y* curtain to y* angle of its square . .329 
 
 here was occasion'd by attacking the bomb and y e fort, instead 
 of landing our men on each side of the harbour and marching 
 
 1 From a pencil sketch amongst Colonel Whitefoord's papers (probably April, 
 1741). 
 
 The narrow passage, three miles to the south of Cartagena, leading to the 
 town, is formed by two peninsulas. The one to the west was in 1741 crowned by 
 Castello Grand, mounting 59 guns ; and the one to the east by a horse-shoe battery 
 of 12 guns, called Mancinilla. The Spaniards evacuated Castello Grand on 
 March 30, 1741. (Colomb's Naval Warfare, pp. 340, 343.) 
 
 C 
 
j8 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 round to y e bottom, w ch was not above two mile and the land 
 so high on each side that the fire of the shipping could have 
 done us no harm, w ch if we had done the whole fleet must 
 have surrender'd with all their riches, most of w ch they de- 
 stroy 'd because not a single man could have got a shore, their 
 being no regular troops within two or three hundred mile. 
 
 To COL. WHITEFOORD, COMMANDING OFFICER AT 
 
 GUANTAMANO 1 . 
 
 Aug. i I th [1741]. 
 
 We the officers under your Command and others whose 
 names are hereunto subscribed, to whom you have done 
 the honour to desire that they might let you know whatever 
 should occur to them for y e good of y e Service, beg leave 
 to offer the following particulars to your consideration. 
 
 That we have borne with great patience hitherto the great 
 hardships we have suffered and still suffer, but that our 
 Stay in this place has already brought us into great Difficultys 
 and are of opinion that unless a Speedy Resolution be taken to 
 extricate us it will be out of our power to Retreat from hence 
 and rejoin our Army ; the River which Separates us from 
 Major Dunston's [Dunster's] party grows sensibly deeper 
 every day and Capt. North 2 , Col. Lewis and M r Innes who 
 came from the Camp yesterday assure us the Rivulet which 
 hardly covered the Shoes when we first pass'd it is now mid 
 thigh deep ; so that in all probability our Communica* either 
 with one anoth r or w* the Camp may be cut off in a few 
 days. 
 
 That if we by our delay suffer our retreat and Com- 
 munication w* the Camp to be cut off we will expose 
 ourselves to Unavoidable ruin ; we have sufficiently ex- 
 perienc'd that we can have no provisions but from the 
 Camp, and at this present time we have only bread and 
 
 1 Guantanamo, Cuba. For an account of the expedition to Cuba (June-Nov. 
 1741) under General Wentworth vide Beatson's Naval and Military Memoirs, i. 
 100-108, Appendix 28-31. 
 
 3 4th (Wynyarde's) Marines. 
 
PETITION TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD. 19 
 
 Rum for two days, and anoth r Supply is uncertain 
 considering the accidents that may happen to it in pass- 
 ing the Rivers a.id the Damage it may receive by rains, 
 not to mention y e possibility of its being cut off by y* 
 enemy. 
 
 That in case of being attacked it is morally impossible 
 but we must have some men wounded, who, for want of 
 proper care and assistance must be lost. The man who 
 was wounded the other day when Capt. Web J was attack'd 
 and who is now dead is a melancholy example of this. The 
 Straits the Soldiers are in make them Murmur already. 
 
 The officers find it no easy matter to keep them within 
 bounds, and if they find themselves much longer pinch'd 
 the consequences may be terrible ; the Negroes are upon 
 hard duty and having nothing to subsist upon but what 
 is spar'd from the soldiers' allowance it is very much to 
 be fear'd that some of them will run into the woods and 
 desert. Should that be the case, the Enemy thereby coming 
 to the knowledge of our Situation will not fail to take 
 advantage of it. 
 
 That having no place where our ammunition or bread 
 can be secur'd from the rains we might possibly be attack'd 
 when it would not be in our power to make any defense. 
 Besides, the rains from which the houses that are here cannot 
 defend the men, Join'd to their other hardships, must throw 
 many into sickness who for want of proper conveniences 
 cannot be recovered, nor even carried away with us, and 
 so must be entirely abandoned and lost. 
 
 Sir, considering our present bad circumstances and our 
 prospect of yet worse, we cannot help thinking it our duty 
 to make this application to you our commanding officer 
 and to declare it as our opinion that no time should be lost 
 in Securing our retreat and Joining our Army whilst the 
 men's health and the little provisions y* remain will 
 permit us. 
 
 1 6th (Cotterell's) Marines. 
 
20 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [WILL OF JAMES FERGUSSON.] 
 COLLONELL ClTARLES WHITEFOORD. 
 
 D r S r \- Au S- 22 nd 1741-] 
 
 As life is uncertain in all places, more especially in 
 these parts, And that it behoves every man who believes the 
 Being of a God, And that there is a Future state, To Settle 
 his affairs while on life, so as to be distinguished From the 
 Brute In Leaving his affairs in Some Order ; 
 
 In Regard to the great Friendship that always have sub- 
 sisted between your Good, and Noble ffamily, and ours ; and 
 your haveing been the only Instrument of my preferment in 
 the Army ; 
 
 I here apoint you my Sole Heir, and Executor, to my 
 Eastate Real, and personal, And of all things that I may 
 happen to have a right to, or be possessed of, att my Decease 
 (In case you be on life) and failing of you to my good friend 
 and Relation M r Robert Dallrymple Surgeon of the Linn 
 Hospitall Ship for the present Expedition in the West Indies 
 and in as ample a maner (To him) As I have Narated in your 
 favours, And this I declare to be my Last will and Testament, 
 And declares all former wills, to be voyd and of non Effect. 
 In pressence of M r Donnalld M c Donnald Ensign and M r 
 Charles Irving Surgeons Mate in Collonell Gooche's l American 
 Regiment; at Kingstoun 2 Twenty Second Day of August one 
 Thousand Seven Hundred and fourty one. 
 
 JAMES FERGUSSON 3 . 
 
 Donald M c Donald Witteness 
 Charles Irvine. 
 
 1 W. Gooche, who entered the army on March 15, 1/23, succeeded Spottiswood 
 as Colonel of the American regiment in 1740. 
 
 2 In Jamaica. 
 
 3 Probably one of the Fergussons of Kilkerran. 
 
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THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 PARTICULARS OF CONTINGENCIES TO 24 Ocr r 1741. 
 
 
 
 Postage of Letters 2 
 
 Sergt Majors Subsce from 25 April to 24 Oct r 1741 . . .4 
 
 Warr* to Admit the Invalids to Chealsea I 
 
 Pd Cap* Douglas for boat hire for the Regiments use . . I 
 
 9 
 
 CONTINGENCIES TO 24 DEC' 1744. 
 
 Order for holding Courts Martial 
 
 Postage from 24 Febry 1742(3 to 24 Decem r 1744 . 
 
 L* Woods distribution to 24 June 1744 for Contingencies . 
 
 o 10 6 
 19 5 o 
 
 4 
 
 II 2 
 
 17 10 
 
 25 June 1742. 
 
 Necessaries deliverd to the Marines of L* Col Whitefoords 
 Comp n y now at Sea 
 
 Kent 
 15 July 4 
 1740. 
 
 John Cameron 
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 W m Aston . 
 John Bell . 
 James Pettigru 
 James Robertson . 
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 Advice ] 
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 1741. ! 
 
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RETURN OF COLONEL COCHRAN'S REGIMENT. 25 
 
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26 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Officers on Board. Absent by Leave. Sick. 
 
 Cap* Jn Goodenough Cap* S r Rob* Abercromby Major Jn Stewart 
 
 I st Lieu* Edmund Fielding Cap* Alex r Douglas I st Lieu* John Hay 
 
 Dougal M c Danold I st Lieu* Arth r Fergusson 
 
 2 nd Lieu* Robert Shirley 2 nd Lieu* Patrick Preston 
 
 William North James Stewart 
 
 Thomas Wayne Chas. Preston 
 
 George Storach James How 
 
 Rob* Price Chaplin 
 
 James Sydeserffe 
 
 Thomas White 
 
 Hugh M c Kie 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO LORD CATHCART.] 
 
 [1743-] 
 
 Captain Wilson haveing communicated to me your Ldp's 
 letter to him on the subject of the prosecution your Ldp 
 intends to commence against people I acknowledge deserve 
 the worst treatment, it gave me the greatest uneasiness. I 
 know the fond affection and the generous freindship that's 
 lodg'd in your Ldp's breast makes you sanguin in support 
 of those who have a natural right to your protection. I know 
 that, to serve your freind, there's no length you would not 
 go, nothing so difficult you would not undertake, nothing so 
 hazardous you would not attempt. But your Ldp will give 
 me leave to say that the commendable, noble zeal that 
 inspires you draws at the same time a veil over the rocks 
 you'll find in the way, on which I am afraid you will ship- 
 wreck your cause. My gratitude to the late Lord, my esteem 
 for the present, and the sincere good wishes for the wellfare 
 of the Ladies, I hope will secure me even against the sus- 
 picion of not being in their interest, which I assure your Ldp 
 I have too much at heart, not to be sensibly affected with 
 whatever shall happen to them, either good or bad, as I 
 dread the consequences. I feel for your Ldp and them. I 
 therefor take the liberty to inform your Ldp that as I have 
 the opportunity of being in mix'd companies, where their 
 story has been too often the subject of conversation, I have 
 heard the opinion of people, who, tho' strongly prejudic'd on 
 your side of the question, have all express'd the greatest 
 concern for what has happened, and would be extreamly 
 
LIEUT. JOHN FERGUSSON TO CHARLES WHITEFOORD. 27 
 
 sorry, should it go farther. However we may flatter our 
 selves, with the innocence of our intentions, and uprightness 
 of our actions, the malicious world is always ready to see 
 everything in its worst light, and I am afraid these letters 
 I have had the mortification to read, with confusion of face 
 and sorrow of heart, are too oddly worded not to bring (I 
 wish I could find a softer word than) shame on their authors. 
 The impertinent freedoms the Lawyers may have taken in 
 their petition I am a stranger to, not haveing seen it, so take 
 it on your Ldp's word that it is so. As to the letters, your 
 Ldp says they were wrote with an innocent intention. Deceit 
 is seldom innocent, and few men would be fond of a wife so 
 much mistress of it. Your Ldp will pardon me, for I am at 
 present in the situation of a surgeon, who tho' he bleeds for 
 his patient must go to the bottom of the wound. I hope the 
 Commissary Court will give L: H: a seperat maintenance, and 
 that the Ladies will live retir'd till their story is forgot, for 
 the more noise is made in it, it will be the worse for them. 
 Think how the envenom'd pen of a provok'd Lawyer will 
 paint their case and how the ill natur'd Prudes will publish it. 
 Your Ldp knows the world too well to be ignorant of the 
 Arts of cunning and designing people, who have pleasure 
 (unprovok'd) in sacrificing the reputations of even the most 
 innocent. 
 
 [LIEUT. JOHN FERGUSSON TO LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES 
 WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 D r COLLONELL, 
 
 As James Hartwell of S r Pat Murray's 1 Comp y gave in 
 a Complaint to you yesterday that I had not Cleared with 
 him for his Sea pay I thought it proper to send you over the 
 State of his Account which is as follows 
 
 1 Sir Patrick Murray, only son of Sir William Murray, of Ochtertyre, by his wife 
 Katharine Fraser, third daughter of Hugh, ninth Lord Lovat, was born Aug. 21, 
 1 707. He married, in 1 741 , Helen, eldest daughter of John Hamilton (second son of 
 William Hamilton of Wishaw, by his second wife, daughter of Sir Charles Erskine, 
 of Alva). Sir Patrick was lieutenant in Douglas's (afterwards Cochran's) Marines 
 during the Carthagena Expedition, after which he became captain. He retired on 
 half-pay when the regiment was disbanded in 1 748. He died Sept. 9, 1 764. 
 
28 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Dr 
 
 
 
 he has had of me 
 
 
 
 since he came a 
 
 
 
 Shoar . . . . ^ 
 
 "i 14 
 
 
 
 his Debt to his 
 
 
 
 Cap* besides the 
 Bills that May 
 
 
 
 come in against 
 
 
 
 him from the 
 
 
 
 Pursers . . . 
 
 3 IS 
 
 3 
 
 
 5 9 
 
 3 
 
 Ball. 
 
 14 
 
 3 
 
 
 6 3 
 
 6 
 
 tf Contra Or 
 
 By his Sea pay ^636 
 
 Due to him 
 
 And Likewise he has run himself in debt to a man in Stroud 
 for which he has given his note of hand for two pound 8 fourteen 
 Shillings & 6 d | so that paying the Man the Ballance that is 
 dew to Hartwell on accd of his Sea pay which is 14/3 Still he 
 will be owing the Man i los. $\d. so that instead of Money 
 Due to him he is 1 los. $\d. in Debt by which means I hope 
 that you are convinced that he is a very great Scoundrell. I 
 have taken the Libberty to confine him on Accd of his 
 behavour. 
 
 I am Sir your most hu le Serva 1 
 
 JOHN FERGUSSON 1 . 
 1 1 O Clock 
 
 To Collonell Whitefoord 
 att 
 
 Chatham 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO 2 ] 
 
 MY D r SIR, t I 743-] 
 
 The great concern you have often express'd to me, you 
 had for S r Pat[rick Murray] would make it unpardonable in 
 me, as I have the strongest freindship for him and the greatest 
 regard for you, not to show you the hardships he is expos'd to, 
 by continueing in the service where he now is. Words cannot 
 express them nor can even imagination conceive them. With- 
 
 1 Lieutenant in Cochran's Marines. 
 
 2 Probably one of Sir Patrick Murray's uncles by marriage with Helen, daughter 
 of John Hamilton, and grand-daughter of William Hamilton of Wishaw (died 
 1724). 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO HAMILTON. 29 
 
 out exaggeration I shall mention a few such as have come 
 under my own knowledge. 
 
 A Captain of Marines, tho' of the highest quality, may be 
 confin'd by the Cook of the Ship, the lowest of their officers 
 haveing the command on board, over the highest of ours. 
 He's allow'd no other provision than the meanest Sailor, and 
 is often lodg'd less comfortably than a dog in a kennel ; was 
 I to say, a hog in a sty, it would be a nearer resemblance. 
 This year he's sent to be scorch'd under the line ; the next he's 
 starv'd under the Pole ; nothing certain, but a variety of woes. 
 The onely sweetner to ballance all this misery is the chance of 
 a prise, of which but a small part falls to his share, and that pur- 
 chas'd with the loss of health, and a broken constitution 
 
 That he has got a good voyage at present is oweing to his 
 freinds in the Admiralty Office. Before his return I hope 
 he'll be in another way. He's too lately come into the army 
 to have length of service to plead. Merit with us goes for 
 nothing ; money is the onely stair to preferment and interest 
 gently lends her hand. Rank in our way is what every body 
 should push for and tho' a step may appear to be dear 
 bought, yet it is cheap in its consequence, when by that 
 means you get higher for nothing. S r Patrick is but a young 
 Captain so cannot expect a promotion, either by succession 
 or interest. He must therefore purchase. Being a Feild 
 Officer would save him from a great many disagreeable and 
 expensive duties which he's liable to as a Captain, but if a 
 majority cannot be purchas'd, a translation either into the 
 Horse or Dragoons would at least secure him from the 
 terrible sea service. As no agent will enter into any en- 
 gagement, where the money is not lodg'd, or such credit 
 as it may be drawn for at sight, you can send up a letter of 
 credit from the Bank for 2000 which as soon as it comes 
 to hand, all the irons should be put in the fire to save you 
 your nephew. I need not tell you the joy that results from 
 good natur'd and generous actions, when the object is a 
 worthy one, but as I am perswaded you onely want an 
 occasion to serve S r Patrick I shall say no more about it. 
 I am sure you '11 thank me for this hint 
 
30 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO CAPTAIN JOHN 
 DALRYMPLE.] 
 
 MY D r Cap*, 
 
 Your last releived me from very great anxiety, but has 
 given a turn to my negociation in your affairs that I am afraid 
 will not meet with your approbation. When I apprehended 
 that you had bad health I was not more sollicitous about my 
 souls salvation than to get you out of the Army : but now that 
 you acknowledge both good health and spirits, your quitting the 
 service at this time can never appear to me a right measure, 
 and must have a quite contrary effect from what you propose. 
 I never will put my judgement in competition with yours, 
 except where your own affairs are in dispute. Your mind just 
 now is a litle diseas'd, and you know the wisest Physician 
 when out of order, prefers the counsel of a blockhead to his 
 own skill. Now, my dearest friend, that is just the case at 
 present betwixt you and me. Upon this occasion you must 
 give me leave to refresh your memory with some past circum- 
 stances of your life and lay before you your case in the light it 
 appears to me. To serve for my excuse in case my judgement 
 should have betrayed me into an error, in all events I flatter 
 myself you will do me the justice to beleive my intentions are 
 good. Don't you remember when you quitted the half to come 
 again into the service, that I oppos'd that measure because 
 I thought your good sense had made you despise all the 
 hurry and bustle of the world ? You was then in an agreeable 
 society, to me the greatest happiness this life affords, yet even 
 in that situation, you was so far from being easie, that my 
 brother Allan, who has your interest as much at heart as his 
 own, tho' he disapprov'd of the measure, gave his consent, 
 because he saw your mind so bent upon it, that he dreaded 
 the consequences had you not been endulg'd. You write me 
 that at times you have melancholy reflections, which, alas, I am 
 persuaded of, for I assure you it's my own case. That is a sore 
 disease I acknowledge ; but is retirement a cure for melancholy, 
 and in a place where every object that strikes your eye must 
 bring your loss to your mind ? Company is the file to blot that 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO GENERAL WENTWORTH. 31 
 
 out of your memory, and action too must have its part, with a 
 constant changeing of the scene. These are the releifes to the 
 mind, which has such a loss as yours emprinted in too deep 
 characters to be easily effac'd. Without the spirit of prophecy 
 one may easily foretell the effects your present scheme must 
 have on you, a constant self reproach. The world has assum'd 
 a privilege of judging of men's behaviour and God knows 
 malice is too predominant in all to allow them to put the 
 most favourable construction on the actions of others. Yours 
 hitherto I grant will stand the test of the severest critique, 
 but suppose yourself sauntering about idly without any occu- 
 pation, depriv'd of the amusements you formerly had to keep 
 up your spirits, perhaps pinch'd in your circumstances, what 
 must occur to your self, what will be said by others, that you 
 wantonly threw yourself out of business at a time when others 
 of your profession were pressing to get into it and reduc'd 
 yourself from a handsome income to a poore pittance against 
 the consent of your freinds onely to endulge the spleen which 
 at that time had dominion over you. This is the light in which 
 it appears to my Lord Loudoun l who is your sincere freind 
 and to me. I write this with all the concern of a tender 
 hearted surgeon cutting off the mortified member of a belov'd 
 freind but I choose rather to say this now than to hint when 
 it is too late that I always was against such a measure. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO GENERAL 
 WENTWORTH.] 
 
 DP SIR, LONDON, Sept\ 6 th : 1743- 
 
 Being disappointed of the honour of seeing you here, 
 and haveing in toun neither boats nor horses, I am reduc'd 
 to the necessity of accepting of M r Marshal's offer to carry 
 you the enclos'd. 
 
 Colonel Wolfe 2 the last time I was in town appointed 
 
 1 John, fourth Earl of Loudoun, son of Hugh, third Earl, by his wife Margaret 
 Dairy mple, daughter of John, first Earl of Stair, succeeded to the title in 1731 and 
 died in 1782. 
 
 3 Edward Wolfe, appointed Colonel of 1st Marines, Nov. 17, 1739; Brigadier- 
 
32 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Colonel Cotterel l , Lt. Col. Paterson 2 and me to draw up 
 a skeme for the Marines in order to be laid before your 
 Colonels when you should meet in toun in winter. We have 
 made some progress, but as we find the want of muster rolls 
 to be the source of all our difficulties, that is'the first thing 
 to be attended to ; respits in our service are unavoidable, 
 and so dire in their consequences that they ought to be 
 guarded against with all the care imaginable. As they cannot 
 be entirely prevented, the next thing is to reduce their 
 number so low as it shall appear upon the rolls that there 
 are no more non-effectives than is absolutely necessary to 
 answer the contingent expenses of the Regiment. That is to 
 be done by the Commissary General Depute's extracting 
 from the ships books the men bore there, and with them and 
 the musters taken on shore to make up General rolls, by 
 which it shall appear to the Secretary at War, that the none 
 effectives are so few that he may without the risque of 
 a Parliamentary enquiry apply to his Majesty for a warrant 
 to mustering compleat. In order to prouve that, there must 
 be a gratuity to M r Clarke, who must be at a good deal of 
 trouble and some expense in going from Whitehall to the 
 tower to search the Navy books. Colonels Wolfe, Pawlet 3 , 
 JefTeries 4 , L* Col 8 Paterson, Leighton 5 and myself have already 
 agreed to it and signd the obligation which I hope you will 
 do, and return the paper, and I shall send it to quarters to 
 the other three as soon as possible that the business may be 
 gone about immediately, time being precious. 
 
 There is another thing in which I'm afraid the four 
 Regiments 6 y* came from Jamaica in 1742 are defective in. 
 
 General, P'eb. 25, 1744; Colonel of the 8th regiment of Foot, April 25, 1745 ; Lieut.- 
 General, September, 1747 ; died March 27, 1759. 
 
 1 James Cotterell, Lieut.-Colonel in Wolfe's Marines ; appointed Colonel of 6th 
 Marines, April 28, 1741, during the expedition to Carthagena; died Oct. 13, 1746. 
 
 2 James Paterson, appointed Lieut.-Colonel in Cornewall's (7th) Marines, 
 Feb. 24, 1741 ; Lieut-General, Jan. 19, 1765; died at Richmond, Feb. 21, 1771. 
 
 3 C. Pawlet, or Powlett, Cornet in ist Grenadier Guards, March 4, 1740, after- 
 wards Lieut.-Colonel; appointed Colonel of 9th Marines, Dec. 27, 1740. 
 
 4 J. Jefferies, or Jeffreys, Lieutenant ist Foot Guards, March 4, 1740; Captain 
 shortly afterwards, and Colonel of loth Marines, Dec. 31, 1740. 
 
 5 F. Leighton, appointed Lieut.-Colonel in Fraser's (2nd) Marines, April 24, 
 1741. 
 
 c Wolfe's, Fraser's, Cochran's, and Cotterell's Marines. 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO ALLAN WHITEFOORD. 33 
 
 From Oct r 1 741 to Aprill T 742 you know we are musterd by 
 warrant, but from Ap r 1742 to Oct r following I am afraid 
 there were no musters taken at all. As it is absolutely necessary 
 they should be taken, if you will give the Commissary the 
 same allowances [as if] he had taken them it may still be 
 done. The first muster must not exceed 40, the next from 50 
 to 60, the last compleat. I am makeing that bargain for our 
 Regiment, and I wish you would order the same for yours ; 
 other ways that want will put a stop to the whole affair. I 
 hope you'll pardon this long letter and not think me officious, 
 I wish it had been undertaken by some body better qualified, 
 but what is everybody's business is no body['s]. I flatter 
 myself you'll do me the justice to believe that my intentions 
 are good, and that I am with the greatest esteem and re- 
 gard 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO ALLAN 
 WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 CHATHAM, Sep r 3o th , 1743 
 in my own house 
 
 MY D r BROTHER, 
 
 I have the pleasure of yours of the 15 th in which you 
 express your surprise at my takeing a house, one of my wise 
 schemes which I am heartily sorry I was under the necessity 
 of doing, but that I may not appear altogether so criminal I 
 must tell you the motives that induc'd me. This toun is 
 situated at the bottom of two hills, from which every shower 
 of rain, that falls almost incessant, washes down such quan- 
 tities of earth, that, there being no scavengers, the streets 
 are impassable ; they are very narrow ; all the inhabitants of 
 the Toun are mechanicks in the Dock ; all the Strangers 
 drunken Sailors, to whose impertinence you are expos'd every 
 time you appear in the Street ; that petition in the Lord's 
 prayer, lead us not into temptation, I interpret help yourself 
 out of harms way. I know you do not always approve of 
 my Comments upon the Holy Scriptures, but I think I am 
 pretty right now. Hitherto there is at least an air of prudence, 
 
 D 
 
34 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 for you must know that I bore the marks of the favours I 
 receiv'd from some sailors 24 years ago, for three years after- 
 wards, and remember their compliments even unto this day. 
 I could not eat where I lay, and was reduc'd to the necessity 
 of boarding. A large street dore introduc'd you to a little 
 dirty parlour on the ground floore ; a thin wooden partition 
 divided you from the kitchen on the left, and another from 
 the wash house and house of Office on the right, the side 
 wall of which was the oven, all under the same roofe w* our 
 parlour. We were oblidgd to keep the great gate always open 
 to let out the savoury smell attack'd us from right and left, 
 which as I observ'd to you being very near as large as the 
 roome, discovered to us many delightfull prospects. Our 
 diagonal on the left was the slaughter house of the most 
 considerable butcher in toun, eternally employ'd not even 
 Sunday excepted ; that on the right the stable, where the 
 poore creatures bellowing dismal notes waited impatient their 
 approaching fate at about 20 foot from us each. Directly 
 before us at about 12 foot distance was the Dunghill where 
 all the filth was thrown and a wall built up to keep in the 
 clotted blood. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO CAPTAIN 
 DOUGLAS^?).] 
 
 [1743-] 
 SIR, 
 
 I understand that you have insinuated as much to 
 Cap* Hamilton 2 of the Augusta as may occasion him to 
 beleive, that I had spread a report that Lord Paisley, now 
 
 1 Of Cochran's Marines. 
 
 2 Hon. John Hamilton, second son of James, seventh Earl of Abercorn, by his 
 wife Anne, daughter of Colonel John Plummer, of Blakesware, Herts., was 
 appointed Captain of the Augusta in February, 1743 [Gentleman's Magazine 
 (1743), p. 107]. In 1746 he was a member of the Court Martial on Admirals 
 Lestock and Mathews, when he moved the resolution protesting against the arrest 
 of Admiral Mayne, President of the Court, and Captain Renton, one of the 
 members, at the suit of Lieutenant Fry, for a sentence passed on him at a court 
 martial, of which they were members, held in the West Indies. Captain Hamilton 
 was appointed to the Vanguard in 1748, and to the Lancaster in 1755. He was 
 drowned at Spithead on Dec. 18, 1755, the boat in which he was rowing ashore 
 being accidentally capsized. He married (Sept., 1749) the widow of Richard 
 Elliot, of Port Elliot, Cornwall, by whom he left a son afterwards Marquis of 
 Abercorn. [Charnock's Biographia Navalis, v. 92-99.] 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO CAPTAIN DOUGLAS. 35 
 
 Earl of Abercorn, should have desir'd Co 1 Cochran to drop 
 the dispute was betwixt Cap* Hamilton and him, which is 
 entirely groundless. Therefor if you have hinted any such 
 thing to Cap 1 Hamilton I must desire you to let him know, 
 that I never said it to anybody, and I have wrote so to 
 Lord Abercorn. 
 
 I must own I was not a little surpris'd and did not expect 
 you would have given me as an author of anything was not 
 true, and in my weak judgement I can never think it a 
 friendly part, to wrest meanings and draw conclusions from 
 sayings in compy that will not bear. It must always be 
 attended with bad consequences ; therefor I am sorry you was 
 concern'd in it. I impute it to your zeal for your friend as 
 his interest was the motive that induced you to inform him. 
 The same principle will oblidge you to undeceive him. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO THE SAME.] 
 
 [I743-] 
 D r SIR, 
 
 I am oblidg'd to my freind Cap* Burleigh for showing 
 you my letter, for I assure you I was not in charity with my 
 quondam ensign. I had flatter'd myself to have some share 
 in your esteem, and to find Cap* Hamilton impress'd with 
 a notion that I was capable of so low, so mean and so silly a 
 lie, was setting me in so contemptible a light that I was 
 extreamly provok'd. To have recourse to such practises was 
 a proofe of a bad cause indeed, and to be given as the author 
 by you I acknowledge heighten'd my regret. I am in this 
 dispute no otherwise concern'd than in supporting the Hon* 
 of a corps that I own I think barbarously and unjustly 
 attack'd or I am very much imposed upon. Not being at 
 quarters at the time of that embarkation, I onely have it 
 from others but I think the proofs are in a manner self- 
 evident. From the regard I have for my Lord Abercorn 
 and the good character Cap* Hamilton universally bears, I 
 am sorry he has met with ill designing people who have 
 impos'd upon him. Disputes of that kind can have no other 
 
 D 2 
 
36 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 effect than to widen the breach betwixt the two services which 
 has already gone too far as he says. That report of his brother 
 is an impudent lie. I must insist on your setting him right 
 with regard to me. I wrote so to you at Exeter thinking 
 you was there. I have it under Cap 1 Dunbar's hand that 
 I never said it to him, nor to anybody else I assure you. 
 You say it is pretty evident, who is in the right from the 
 thanks the Lords of the Adm ty have order'd to be given 
 Cap* Hamilton. What the nature of the thanks is I am at a 
 loss. Cap* Hamilton has very possibly thank'd you for your 
 information, yet I do not apprehend, that I said any such 
 thing notwithstanding you imagin'd you was told so. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO LIEUTENANT 
 
 BALFOUR \] 
 
 LONDON, Oct r , 1743. 
 
 SIR, 
 
 I was a good deal surprised to find a complaint from 
 Captain Hamilton to the Lords of the Admiralty, of a party 
 of my Regiment on board of his ship, conceivd in terms, 
 that nothing but malice, rancour and ill nature could inspire. 
 Had his charity bore the least proportion to his boasted 
 humanity, he would not have credited a report so ill grounded, 
 and would have taken other methods to have had his 
 imaginary greivances redress'd ; but then he would have 
 been depriv'd of an opportunity of endulging his spleen, 
 defameing me, displaying his epistolising talent, and retailing 
 his borrow'd wit. Had his facetious Author liv'd in our days, 
 and drawn us the picture of a particular Captain of a man 
 of war and his crew, I believe Sir John Falstaff and his 
 company might have been kept in countenance. I admire 
 his address in pilfering a peice of a coat (on which he so much 
 values himself) which he has sent to the Lords of the 
 Admiralty as a pattern ; but I fancy his servant must have 
 impos'd upon him, by giving him a bit of the Governments 
 cloath, with which the Captains of the men of war sometimes 
 
 1 Toomes Balfour, of Cochran's Marines. 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO LIEUTENANT BALFOUR. 37 
 
 cover their Cabbin floors, to save them the expense of buying 
 a Carpet ; if it is bad, I deny it to be my cloathing. He is, too, 
 most damnably mistaken in the price of the hats, but that is 
 perhaps one of the commodities the Captain does not traffick 
 in. He complains that the men want caps, and gives you 
 as his authority] that 4/- a year is stopt from them on that 
 account. If you have said so, you have been extreamly in 
 the wrong, and I must tell you that every good man will be 
 very cautious in advancing facts injurious to anothers reputa- 
 tion that he is not well inform'd of. Six of the men he says 
 wanted wastcoats, which I cannot beleive. You ought to 
 have known your duty so well, as to have represented to me 
 the deficiencies, which you never did, nor have you wrote of 
 your party at all, till lately, which was answer'd you the next 
 post by the Lieut. Colonel, ordering you to supply the men 
 with whatever they wanted, being but too sensible of the 
 miseries they suffer on board of a man of war, not to endulge 
 them with everything in our power, in order, if possible, to 
 make their lives somewhat comfortable. Besides, there were 
 many wastcoats in store, and an order for the Commanding 
 Officer of each comp 7 to return the number of men who 
 wanted wastcoats, and they got them. As this was before your 
 embarkation it is not probable that your party went without 
 them. Perhaps your Captain has a familiar that informs him 
 of future events, but alas, I onely correspond with mortals, 
 and till they inform me, am quite ignorant of the motions 
 and circumstances of people at a distance, so could not pos- 
 sibly know that he was in Plimouth, and that men extreamly 
 well provided in the end of Aprile, should be so destitute 
 of all necessaries the beginning of Oct r following, as the 
 fertility of his lively imagination represents them to be. Was 
 his power or inclination to redress greivances, equal to his art 
 in painting them or industry in spreading the report, you 
 would be extreamly happy, as I see no proper step taken to 
 cure the evil, but great pains to publish it. My Charity is 
 not so strong, as to beleive the Captain acts from humanity, 
 which does not often pitch its tent in the Cabin of a man of 
 war ; Charity sees no evil, is never sedulous to rail or with 
 
38 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 envenom'd tongue to blast the fame of other men. I am 
 very sorry that your Captain is so extreamly credulous. That 
 he is, is but too apparent from his beleiving himself human 
 and good natur'd. From such good nature may the Lord 
 soon deliver you. You may show your Captain this. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO THOS. CoRBETT 1 .] 
 
 SIR, [October, 1743.] 
 
 Haveing a party of my Regiment on board of his 
 Majesties Ship the Augusta, commanded by Captain Hamilton, 
 I have judg'd it necessary, to inspect the navy books, in order 
 to be satisfied of his crew. I find indeed he's very just with 
 respect to numbers. I wish I could say as much of his equity 
 in rateing them, but his injustice in that respect is so glare- 
 ing, that I dare not be silent. Duty, humanity, and common 
 honesty call upon me, to lay the shamefull scene open to 
 their Ldp 8 . Out of midshipmen, suppos'd by the Govern- 
 ment to be people vers'd in the Mathematicks, of good families, 
 to be a nursery for Officers to serve in the Royal Navy, I 
 find a Cook, a valet de Chambre &c. rewarded with the wages 
 of these men. If the other petty officers are rated in the same 
 manner their Ldp 8 can easier come to the knowledge of than 
 I can inform them : I thought indeed Captain Hamilton's 
 integrity had made him incapable of such practices ; their Ldp 8 
 will pardon me the Allusion but he hourly brings to my mind 
 the parable of the mote in the eye in the new testament : I 
 must humbly entreat their Ldp 8 either to order Captain 
 Hamilton to get midshipmen well qualified, or let the party of 
 my Regiment go on board of another ship, for it goes sore 
 against me, at the breaking out of a French war to expose 
 people to be taken prisoners by the ships being improperly 
 mann'd, in order to gratifie the Captains vanity and luxury. 
 
 1 Secretary to the Admiralty. 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO CAPT. JOHN DALRYMPLE. 39 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO CAPT. JOHN DALRYMPLE.] 
 
 MY D* CAPTAIN, t I 744j 
 
 I simpathise with you most sincerely in your present 
 disagreeable situation and am sorry I can see no resource but 
 patience. Your good sense I'm sure will secure you against 
 both imprudent words and actions, and your fears I must 
 own appear to me Chimaerical. I hope you do not do me 
 the injustice, nor any body that knows you half so well as I 
 to impute your desire of quitting the service to any other 
 cause than being yok'd with people who are not equal to 
 what is expected of them. The avarice and monstrous par- 
 tiality of those must be shocking to a generous mind but 
 human nature is such, self and pride are too predominant 
 ingredients in our composition not to get the ascendant over 
 all other motives, and betray us by their false lights into 
 measures that deprive us of what all men endeavour at, I 
 mean general applause and the esteem of the world. The 
 dilatoriness of the Offices, and the advance of the season 
 make any scheme impracticable for this year. Should you 
 continue in the same way of thinking, we must look out this 
 summer, and put all our irons in the fire against the next 
 winter. Notwithstanding the pressing demand for Marines 
 and the repeated remonstrances of the lords of the Admiralty 
 we cannot get even our vacant Commissions fill'd up and it 
 is so with the whole army. Politicks at one time and the 
 sickness of the secretary at war at another, make many 
 anxious expectants pass their time very disagreeably. My 
 Lord Stair's situation does not allow him to act nor indeed 
 has his success hitherto in getting his requests give him any 
 great encouragement. There is none one can employ that has 
 not so many things to ask for himself that he does not care 
 for being endebted for favours that do not turn out to his own 
 immediat advantage. My Lord Loudoun I'm sure has your 
 interest as much at heart as you have yourself and would 
 chearfully go any lengths in his power to serve you, but he 
 chooses rather to stand your reproofe for not going into your 
 
40 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 views, than your reproach when it is too late, for having 
 contributed to what he thinks must make you unhappy. 
 
 [LiEUT.-CoL. WHITEFOORD TO ALLAN WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY D[EAR] B[ROTHER], 1*744-] 
 
 Yesterday's news papers inform[ed me of] the death of 
 Governor M c Crae 1 , a man I could not help despising ; he was 
 excessively proud, vain, ambitious, insolent, overbearing. Yet 
 the meanness of his birth, I mean education, show'd itself in 
 every action of his life, whatever his false generosity prompted 
 him to. His sordid low covetous temper restrain'd by two 
 violent passions pride and avarice, he could never have any 
 inward quiet. His rank and wealth oblig'd him to make a 
 figure that the avarice of his temper would not permit. He 
 could not help being extreamly jealous and interpreting every 
 accident as an affront, and suspecting every one that dealt with 
 him as a cheat. The oppressive ways by which he amass'd 
 his vast Fortune were a worm in his conscience that gnaw'd 
 without ceasing, and the thousands he starv'd to death in a 
 time of great scarcity when he made a monopoly of the rice, 
 star'd him constantly in the face. All his thoughts gave him 
 the bitter reflection, of his oppression, cruelty, tyrranny, and 
 Barbarity, and effectually destroy' d that peace of mind which 
 is the onely thing can make happiness. To look back on all 
 our actions and see nothing to reproach our selves with is an 
 
 1 James M c Crae is said to have been an orphan, and to have gained a livelihood 
 by running messages, when Hugh M c Quyre, or Macguire, ' violer' or musician of 
 Ayr, took him under his protection and educated him. He afterwards went to sea, 
 and ultimately became Governor of Madras. He amassed a large fortune, returned 
 to his native country, and purchased Monkbarn, or Orangefield, Houston, and 
 other estates in the west of Scotland. He was admitted a burgess of Ayr, Aug. I, 
 1733, when he is styled 'James Macrae, late Governor of Madras.' In 1734 he 
 presented Glasgow with a statue of William III. On his return to Scotland he 
 sought out his benefactor, and Hugh Macguire of Drumdow, the son of the 
 'violer,' owed his advancement to Macrae's generosity. Macrae also educated 
 and richly dowered Macguire's children. To James, his son, he left the estate 
 of Houston, on condition that he assumed the name of Macrae. James Macrae's 
 son was the well-known Captain Macrae (Chambers' Traditions of Edinburgh ; 
 Kay's Portraits}. Hugh Macguire's daughter Elizabeth was married to the Earl 
 of Glencairn ; his daughter Margaret to James Erskine, afterwards Lord Alva, one 
 of the Lords of Session, and his daughter Macrae to Charles Dairy m pie, Sheriff 
 Clerk of Ayr. [Paterson's History of Ayr, ii. 385.] 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO LORD GLENCAIRN. 41 
 
 undoubted emblem of heaven but the dire remorse of the 
 reverse must be attended with an anguish that exceeds the 
 torments of hell. In all my afflictions, says Job most beauti- 
 fully, yet have I retain'd my integrity still. Life must have 
 been a burden to him, and his memory will stink while 
 his behaviour is rememb'red ; yet from what cause I do not 
 know, pity or what you please to call it, I am sorry for him. 
 The connection with Lord Cathcart and you, the friendship 
 he profess'd tho' I believ'd him incapable of any, rais'd in me 
 a kind of gratitude that makes me regret his death. Your 
 propensity to do good natur'd offices gives me room to 
 apprehend your being evolv'd in trouble with his afifairs 
 which I shall be very sorry for, being convinc'd you have 
 too much business already that cannot fail to injure your 
 health. I would with joy see you rather give up what you 
 have than undertake any more. I would not pretend to 
 advise did I not know that your great friendship where you 
 profess it draws a veil over all the consequences that attend 
 being employ'd. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO LORD GLENCAIRN 
 
 MY D[EAR] L[ORD], 
 
 I had the Hon r of your Ldp 8 from Enfeild com- 
 plaining that the rude shaking of that detestable machine 
 had fatigued your body. I was glad it had no effect on your 
 mind, which seem'd quite free and compos'd. The manner 
 you parted with the great men gave me unspeakable joy, could 
 one but trust them. May the torments of the sapient Lady, 
 and the swell'd face of the easie Knight be their portion if 
 they do not keep their words, or rather may they have such 
 
 1 William Cunningham, second son of William, twelfth Earl of Glencairn, by 
 his wife Henrietta, second daughter of Alexander Stewart, third Earl of Galloway, 
 succeeded to the peerage on the death of his father (March 14, 1734). He entered 
 the army in 1729, was appointed Major in the pth (Powlett's) Marines in 1741, 
 Lieut-Colonel of the 9th Foot in 1747, and Major-General in 1770. He married 
 (August, 1 744) Elizabeth, daughter of Hugh Macguire, of Drumdow [vide su^ra], 
 and died at Finlaystoun, Sept. 9, 1775. His son was Burns' patron, and the subject 
 of the Lament for James , Earl of Glencairn. 
 
42 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 as the first for a wife and the second for a companion all the 
 days of their lives which I hope will equal Methusalah's, in 
 which case Death tho' attended with Damnation would be a 
 releif. Your Ldp must now be at the litle Metropolis, 
 happy with your relations to whome I beg to be remembred 
 in the kindest manner. I hope Miss has tasted the Sweets 
 of matrimony, I give her joy, and wish most sincerely that she 
 may realy enjoy all that was even feign'd of happiness in that 
 state. Poore M rs Hamilton's 1 death I am sure your Ldp 
 would regret. I was extream sorry for her. Matters must 
 now go through another Channel, which I hope will still prove 
 effectual, by means of a Brother of the young .... who is 
 daily expected home. He was my fellow traveller in Germany, 
 and I shall now renew the acquaintance. Mr. Hamilton 2 is 
 with me. Before he goes, we shall agree upon the scheme, of 
 which your Ldp shall be advis'd. If Col 1 Cathcart 3 is at Ed r 
 a few compliments would not be thrown away upon him ; and 
 if your Ldp should have occasion to go through Glasgow 
 there lives in that toun one M r And w Cochran 4 , who had 
 good dispositions. A how d'ye [do] to him would not be 
 amiss, all which I submit to your Ldp's better judgement. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO ROBERT DALRYMPLE.] 
 
 [1744-] 
 
 Tho' my innocence sets me above thy malice, you wound 
 me thro' the Sides of that tremendous body the marines, 
 and asperse that illustrious corps with opprobrious names. 
 
 1 ? Widow of Hugh Hamilton of Clongall, merchant in Ayr. 
 
 2 Probably Robert Hamilton of Bourtree Hill, eldest son of Hugh Hamilton of 
 Clongall, who amassed a large fortune in Jamaica. 
 
 3 James Cathcart, who took the name of James Rochead Cathcart, of Inverleith 
 and Carbiston, son of James Cathcart of Carbiston by his wife Magdalen, eldest 
 daughter of Sir James Rochead of Inverleith. [Paterson's History of Ayr, i. 330.] 
 
 * Andrew Cochrane, of Bridgehouse, son of David Cochrane, merchant in Ayr, 
 and Janet Crawford, grandson of Andrew Cochrane, of Ayr, and Agnes Garvan, 
 was born on Feb. 19, 1693. Like his father he was a merchant of Ayr, and lived 
 for the first thirty years of his life in his native town. In 1720 he acquired from 
 the town, upon wadset, the ' Common Isle.' Shortly afterwards he removed to 
 Glasgow. He was Provost of Glasgow 1744-46, 1748-50, 1760-63. During the 
 Rebellion of 1 745 he managed the affairs of the city with great ability. The 
 Cochrane Correspondence, containing his letters on public affairs during this period, 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO JOHN WHITEFOORD. 43 
 
 Tho' they are the onely scourge of our Ennemies, are often in 
 action, always return brown'd with glory, enrich'd with 
 spoils, leading into captivity thousands of prisoners, these are 
 pigmies, dwarfs, Lilliputions. I grant you we are not of 
 your gigantic make, but our actions resemble your size, 
 while you great luberly monsters are infamous for doing 
 nothing but frightening old women and children and robbing 
 hen roosts that were even the chickhens to defend, I beleive 
 you durst not attack. In the beginning of the Campaign the 
 French were superior to you, then fear, under the denomina- 
 tion of prudence made you avoid your Ennemies. When you 
 were superior to them, being good Christians all of you, you 
 were restrained by our holy Religion which orders you to do 
 as you would be done by, so the good of your imaginary 
 souls preserv'd your dastard bodies, for your Behaviour to 
 me is a strong presumption if not a proofe that you have 
 none. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO JOHN WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 M[v] D[EAR] B[ROTHER], ['744J 
 
 I am afraid my letters do not reach you as you never 
 mention the receit of any. I was made happy with yours 
 and assure you there is scarce a week that I do not epistolize 
 you not that they are of any other consequence than to show 
 you that I write frequently, for news I have none, not even a 
 maiden freind lost by sanction of holy Preist, or guile of 
 faithless lover, who with false oaths deceives the willing fair, 
 or reputation of young virgin blasted by the envenom'd 
 breath of some old godly hagg, who preys incessant on heed- 
 less actions of unthinking youth and, to hide her own, crams 
 
 was published in 1836 by James Smith of Jordan Hill, with a prefatory notice by 
 James Dennistoun of Dennistoun, and presented to the Maitland Club. Cochrane 
 married Janet, eldest daughter of Peter Murdoch, Provost of Glasgow, by his wife 
 Mary, daughter of John Luke of Claythorn. He died, without issue, on July 9, 
 J 777- {Cochrane Correspondence, ix-xii ; Paterson's History of Ayr, i. 212, ii. 
 503; Cleland's Annals of Glasgow, 173, 174.] 
 
44 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 her ravenous, greedy, unsatiable maw with lost characters, a 
 hatefull horrid monster despis'd by Gods and men, inde- 
 fatigably industrious in spreading the Scandal her own malice 
 invented, never happy but in the misery of others, mais 
 laissons la ces Chiennes. You take no notice of M c Crae's 
 death. I can now tell you with pleasure that Allan is not 
 concern'd. He writes me that Lord Glencairn has entred the 
 body of Miss with whome he has the estate of Ochiltree 
 burthen'd with 7000 lib. but the last will not being as yet 
 found, disposeing of the Executory if she has any part of it, 
 which its beleiv'd she has, she will be no bad match for his 
 Ldp. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO CAPTAIN 
 
 BROWN l .] 
 MY D r BROWN, t 1 744-1 
 
 All the uneasiness I was under on occasion of the storm 
 immediatly happen'd after your sailing was taken away by 
 your agreeable epistle of the 4 th , for which I return you my 
 sincere and unfeign'd thanks. It was a perfect Catholicon to 
 me, for before this day I had not heard from Flanders these 
 two months. My freinds there are such devilish clever corre- 
 spondents, tho' their situation of late has not been so safe as 
 to be out of the power of a disaster. 
 
 I simpathise with you on account of your hardships, and 
 admire the beauty of your disposition. C'est la nouvelle 
 methode a faire la guerre. It is not folly but finesse, the 
 French will naturally imagin you will do so and so therefor 
 you must do the direct contrary, as you had made a long 
 march that day it was probable the fatigue your men had 
 undergone might incline them to rest, so for fear of being 
 taken napping the Baggage would serve as a barricade and 
 give time to your people to rub open their eyes. We con- 
 
 1 Formerly lieutenant in Cochran's Marines. Appointed captain in the 36th 
 (Fleming's) Regiment of Foot after the attack on Carthagena (1741). Now (1744) 
 in Flanders. 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO CAPTAIN BROWN. 45 
 
 ceive great hopes from Prince Cha 8 passing the Rhine 1 . 
 Avert Abortions ye heavenly powers! I give you joy of 
 the junction of the Dutch troops. They are a heavy body, and 
 if they fall on the French they must infallibly smother them. 
 Our hopes are rais'd to a great pitch from all these favourable 
 circumstances, and our impatience so great to know the con- 
 sequence that even in opening the letters to tear the paper 
 so as to be depriv'd of the Account it brings, which was my 
 own case in some degree this very day. But as there is no 
 such thing as perfect happiness, our joy is a litle ballanc'd 
 by the march of 15,000 men into Dunkirk, where it's said 
 there are 500 transports to receive them, in order to pay us 
 a visit, unless they hung up all the Marines on the sea coasts 
 to serve as scare crows, the Devil take me if I know any 
 defence we have. Our wooden walls are but a wooden 
 security. We have a large staff it's true, but a small army to 
 oppose an invasion. Our trust must be in the Lord, under 
 whose protection I leave you. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO CAPTAIN 
 
 BROWN.] 
 MY D* CAPTAIN, t 1 744-1 
 
 A letter from honest Rob 2 informed me of your being 
 in the party under Gen 1 Charles [sic] which if I had known 
 of before I was inform'd of the retreat of the French I 
 should have been under the greatest concern. Superstition 
 you know is generally an attendant on old age. As I advance 
 in years I find my self more enclin'd to beleive in signs, 
 omens and prognosticks. The receiving three letters from 
 you in one fortnight some months ago certainly foretold the 
 approaching end of my dearest freind. Besides the dead wak'd, 
 and midnight bells had disturb'd my sleep, croaking ravens 
 broke my rest and loud knockings from an unseen hand 
 awaken'd me, when I saw your image skip [a]cross the roome, 
 
 1 July i and 2, 1744. 
 
 2 Robert Dalrymple. 
 
46 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 and with a parting smile dart through the key hole. As you 
 had nothing of that gloomy discontented look the realy de- 
 parted always appear in I was not so much alarm'd, tho' it 
 confirms me that there is something in these warnings. The 
 chearfull air you assum'd prov'd to me that tho' you was in 
 Danger nothing would happen to you to give me pain, and 
 I in contradiction to all my sister visionaries even interpreted 
 the apparition in my favour and was glad I had not heard from 
 you for some time as it assur'd [me] you were to escape from 
 this boute so now if you [escape] you may write again. If 
 your disposition to [exchange continues Major Pawlett 1 of 
 the Youn[g Mar]ines sold his majority for 2600. I onely 
 show you this to put a just value on your parchment, that 
 commissions do not sell, and if we can be but so lucky in the 
 Lottery as to draw one of the great prises, retirons nous au 
 plutot et moquons nous de grandeur et richesse, soyons 
 heureux, dans un bien mediocre et une societe agreable. Sans 
 nous meler d'autre chere que le plaisir. The stay of our 
 Paymaster in Scotland has prevented my going to London 
 to clear accounts with the Agent or to buy the [vessels?] 
 which keeps me uneasie as it will now be too late in the year 
 to visit you. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO CAPTAIN BROWN 2 .] 
 
 [1744-] 
 
 I had the pleasure of receiving my D r Brown's letter with 
 a joy that nothing but that of seeing him could have equall'd. 
 It is great charity to releive the anxiety of our minds ; the 
 pain we are constantly in from a combination of causes, the 
 publick interest always first to be sure, in the hearts of all 
 Patriots, then for us minor poets the concern of our freinds I 
 own keeps me in great uneasiness. Without the help of a 
 lively imagination, prolifick of disasters happening to people 
 we dearly love, their profession, and situation at present 
 
 1 Appointed Major in the 7th (Cornewall's) Marines, April 24, 1743. 
 
 2 Formerly lieutenant in Cochran's Marines ; appointed captain in the 36th 
 (Fleming's) Regiment of Foot after the attack on Carthagena. In Flanders in 
 1744. 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO UNKNOWN. 47 
 
 exposes them to fatigue hardships wounds and even death 
 itself whose meagre carcass, with his tragick face, I hope will 
 reign triumphant in your neighbouring Camp, and send per- 
 fidious Gauls to Lucifer by thousands, to dispute universal 
 monarchy in Hell. On earth the gallant Johns will never 
 suffer the tawny slave born faithless French to give us laws. 
 Their insolence we have often chastis'd. I hope our former 
 victories will get fresh lustre from some glorious action this 
 Campaign. May they be haunted by the ghosts of their 
 departed freinds at Oudenarde and seiz'd with a pannick fly 
 from their own Shadows an easie conquest. Their present 
 situation I am afraid is too strong to be attempted. Now 
 that Prince Charles has got Hagenau l there is onely Befort 
 betwixt him and France so that Coigny will be under a 
 necessity of engaging. Should the Comt de Saxe who has 
 the character of a gallant officer make any motion, I hope 
 you will give a good account of him. To see the French 
 army secured by Courtray and Menin 2 , should make the 
 Dutch blush if they are capable of it, and stir up their resent- 
 ment to a degree of revenge, that nothing but extirpating 
 their deluders ought to allay. I am extreamly oblig'd to you 
 for your last kind letter, and must beg the continuation of a 
 correspondence that I assure you will make me extreamly 
 happy. I entreat you to thresh for me that lump of sloth, 
 the spawn of a Lady's lap dog, Rob Dalrymple. 
 
 [CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO UNKNOWN.] 
 SIR, 
 
 The Justices of the peace misconstruing in my opinion, 
 the 45 th and 46 th articles of y e Act of Parliament relateing to 
 the apprehending and the reward for takeing up Deserters, do 
 not think a soldier who apprehends a deserter entitled to the 
 reward, because it is his duty, and imagining that the so/- 
 comes out of the County Stock purse, they have hitherto 
 
 1 Occupied July 30, 1744. 
 
 2 Courtray was seized by the French, May 1 7, 1 744 ; Menin was invested on the 
 following day, fell into the hands of the French at the beginning of June. 
 
48 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 absolutely refus'd issueing their warrant to the Collector of 
 the land tax who by Act of Parlaiment is to have it allow'd 
 him out of the land tax money for that year. As their back- 
 wardness is a great encouragement to desertion, by which we 
 suffer greatly, I hope you will be so good as lay the case 
 before M r Secretary at War, that we may have his opinion 
 upon it : I would not be understood to mean any complaint 
 against the Gentlemen who are all well affected to his Majesty 
 and willing to do justice to the army, but as these articles 
 appear to them in a different light, from the sense of the 
 whole kingdom, never haveing had it refus'd any where but 
 here ; and as the Act expressly says any person whatsoever, 
 surely a soldier must be comprehended, who on that occasion 
 has both extraordinary fatigue and expense. The design of 
 the Parlaiment, being by that clause to prevent desertion, the 
 intention of the Act is frustrated by the Justices' conception 
 of it, which M r Secretary at War's opinion will probably set 
 them right in. Another quirk the people have fallen upon in 
 order to get men out of the service is to credit them above 
 the value of ten pounds and then arrest them for the debt, 
 which practise if continued will soon make a thin army. 
 When I came into this Quarter I sent to notifie to the in- 
 habitants the pay days, and warn'd them not to trust the 
 men, which was all I could do. 
 
 [CHARLES BROWN TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 DEAR SIR CHATHAM YARD, Nov. i4 th , 1744. 
 
 I have just now the favour of your obliging Letter but 
 the Gout has left me so very lame in my hand, that I can but 
 make a hard Shift to be understood. I am sorry to find that 
 Lieu 1 Cambell l should give you the trouble, to mention what 
 
 1 ? Lieutenant James Campbell, appointed commander of a sloop of war, Sept. 4, 
 1744; captain of the Chesterfield, Jan. 26, 1749; and commander of the Sterling 
 Castle in the Havannah Expedition (1762). For failure to obey the orders of 
 Captain Harvey, who directed the attack on the north-east part of the Moro 
 (July i\ he was dismissed the service, after trial by court martial. [Charnock's 
 Biographia Navalis, vi. 97.] 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO CONGREVE. 49 
 
 Capt. Cornwall 1 hapen'd to Say in a private Conversation 
 which In my Opinion was nothing more then that he had 
 rec d , when on Board his Ship, your Discharge by a Woman, 
 for a Marine that had deserted some time past from the 
 Superb, which in the Sea Service would have been Eregular, 
 but that he was not a proper judge of yours, and concluded 
 with declaring, that he had a great regard for you. Lieu* 
 Cambell came the next day to my House for no other 
 purpose but to revive the Same Subject, which I took 
 occasion privately to tell him I thought him in the wronge. 
 I am very thankfull for your very kind wishes for my health. 
 I thank God I am much better, I have just got the News of 
 my Son in Law Counseller Roches Death, which prevents me 
 from saying more at present, then that I am 
 
 Dear Sir 
 
 Your most obliged and most 
 obed 1 Humble Servant 
 CHARLES BROWN 2 . 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO LIEUT.-COL. 
 WM. CONGREVE 3 .] 
 
 [EDINBURGH, August, 1745.] 
 
 My dear Freind, I am sure, has too much charity to impute 
 my long silence to any bad cause ; but as appearances are 
 strong against me I must remove the prejudices that might 
 shake me in your esteem and make me forfeit a freindship 
 
 1 Frederic Cornwall succeeded his cousin, James Cornwall, who was killed at 
 Toulon (Feb., 1 743), in the command of the Marlborough. He was appointed to 
 the Revenge in 1755, was with Byng in the Expedition to the Mediterranean in the 
 ensuing spring, and afterwards gave evidence against him. Cornwall retired from 
 the service after Byng's trial, and died subsequent to 1 786. [Charnock's Biographia 
 Navalis, v. 288.] 
 
 3 Charles Brown was appointed to the command of the Strombolo, March 18, 
 1709, and of the York in 1717, when he was sent to the Baltic with Sir C. Byng. 
 After having the command of the Advice (1726), the Oxford, and the Buckingham 
 (1731), he was appointed to the Hampton Court in 1738, when he was ordered to 
 Jamaica. On this station he commanded as senior officer until the arrival of 
 Admiral Vernon. He distinguished himself in the attack on Porto Bello (1739), 
 and returned to England in 1740. He succeeded Admiral Mathews (March, 1742) 
 as Commissioner of the Navy, resident at Chatham. He died March 23, 1753. 
 [Ib. iv. 3-6.] 
 
 3 Entered the army Aug. 25, 1737; Captain in the 22nd (Pagett's) regiment 
 May i, 1738 ; afterwards Lieut.,Colonel in the I7th (Wynyard's) regiment. 
 
 E 
 
50 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 that I prefer to the gold of Ophir, and which I hope will last 
 till the sisters clip my thread. I had set out with my old 
 grey freind and your humble servant on a round of visits 
 to my relations, and propos'd being happy with them for 
 a longer time, had not cruel death oblidgM me to return 
 to Ed r to pay the last devoirs to Baron Dalrymple 1 . On 
 my arrival I was made happy with your epistle and am 
 glad honest Patoun 2 has succeeded. I have a letter from him 
 complaining of great injustice in his Ingeneering preferment, 
 which I have endeavour'd to get represented in such a light 
 to the Duke of Montague as I hope will secure him for the 
 future. He's a worthy venirble fellow, which in this iron age 
 I'm afraid is rather a bar than a motif for his being better 
 provided. As he is, his ceconomy will secure us against any 
 risque except in case of death and then I shall regret the loss 
 of him much more than the money. This post I write to M r 
 Fenn 3 as you direct, oblidgeing myself in case of accidents to 
 M r Patoun to pay him 75 pounds of the 150 advanc'd by him 
 on account of that purchase for which he has your security. 
 We are alarm'd here with an invasion which I believe will 
 end in smoke. Certain it is that a few people have landed in 
 the West Highlands from a French man of war, but their 
 number so inconsiderable that they only serve to put us on 
 our guard. Sir John Cope takes all the necessary precautions 
 and has himself march'd with the few troops he has to pay 
 them his compliments on their arrival. They must be either 
 fools or madmen or perhaps both to make such a rash 
 attempt, this country being as I imagin extreamly well 
 affected to the present government. 
 
 1 George Dalrymple, of Dalmahoy, Baron of the Exchequer, was the third son 
 of John, first Earl of Stair, and therefore first cousin once removed to Col. White- 
 foord. He married, in 1720, Eupheme, daughter of Sir Andrew Myrton, Bart., of 
 Gogar, and had issue John, afterwards fifth Earl of Stair, William, a General in 
 the army, and other children. [Paterson's History of Ayr, ii. 437-] 
 
 2 Archibald Patoun was appointed Lieutenant in the 22nd (O'Farrell's, late 
 Fagett's) regiment in July, 1745, shortly afterwards removed to the Engineers, of 
 which he became Sub-director and Major Jan. 4, 1 758. 
 
 3 C. Fenn, Portland Str., Tyburn Road, agent for O'Farrel's regiment. 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO LIEUT. PATOUN. 51 
 
 [LIEUT.- COL. WHITEFOORD TO LIEUT. ARCHIBALD 
 
 PATOUN.] 
 MY D r SIR ISAAC, [EDINBURGH, August, 1745-] 
 
 I am endebted to you for two letters both which I 
 receiv'd in this country. The first I believe had visited all 
 the post towns in England. In the first place let me give 
 you joy on a promotion that your merit had entitled you to 
 long ago. I must blame you for setting so great a value on 
 so small a trifle as fell to my share. I can only tell you that 
 if my ability equall'd my inclination there is nothing my 
 power, or indeed of your other acquaintances, that we would 
 not prevent your wishes in. As words are the only exchequers 
 of the poore, and too too often liable to suspicion, I shall be 
 spareing of them, but be assur'd there is nothing could make 
 me so superlatively happy as being usefull to a man I value 
 and esteem. By my distance from London I could not 
 myself agent your last commission, but I enclos'd Lady 
 Hyndford's 1 letter and yours to a friend that has promis'd me 
 to do all in his power for you. Perquisites are things I never 
 touch, but am told that there is a certain metle that has 
 strange qualities (perhaps occult) in removing obstructions 
 that clogg wheels. A man can make no figure in any country 
 where he does not understand the language. Have you 
 nobody near the Board that could make himself understood 
 to Apollo's Preist or Secretary. You must quicken the 
 clerks, whatever office you w* 1 lust at. 
 
 My comp 8 to Gen 1 Wynyard 2 , Major Hargreave 3 , honest 
 
 1 Elizabeth, daughter of John, fifth Earl of Lauderdal'e, by Margaret, only 
 daughter and heiress of Alexander Cunningham, tenth Earl of Glen cairn, married 
 James Carmichael, second Earl of Hyndford. She was the mother of John, third 
 Earl of Hyndford, the diplomatist. She died at Bath Nov. 27, 1753, aged 71. 
 [Wood's Peerage of Scotland, i. 756.] 
 
 8 John Wynyard entered the army April 10, 1703. He served with his regiment, 
 the 1 7th Foot, in the Peninsula during the war of the Spanish Succession, and in 
 Scotland during Mar's rebellion. He was appointed Lieut.-Colonel of his regiment 
 July 10, 1718, and Colonel of the 4th Marines Nov. 20, 1739. Charles Whitefoord 
 was for some time a Captain in the latter regiment. Wynyard was removed to the 
 1 7th Foot Aug. 31, 1742, became Lieut-General Sept. 1747 and died in 1752. 
 [Army Lists ; Hist. Rec. \^th Regiment, 51.] 
 
 3 Major in O'Farrell's regiment. 
 
 E 2 
 
5Z THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Rob Boyd 1 , M c Kellar 2 , Morris and any other of my 
 acquaintance. 
 
 [ORDERS GIVEN AT EDINBURGH.] 
 
 .... to march with the line who are to have tickets from the 
 Commanding Officer of each Battalion ; Col 1 Lascelles Reg* 3 
 to exchange 15 firelocks p r Company tomorrow and to 
 march on wensday morning and join the army at Creiff. 
 
 All the spare ammunition to be deliver'd into the Train 
 ail swords but the grenadiers and Highlanders to be deliver'd 
 into the Castle to the Storekeeper who is to give a receit for 
 them. 
 
 Augt 
 
 [Sir John Cope's March.] 
 19 th to Stirling 
 20 th Creiff 19 
 
 22 Amobrie 10 
 
 23 Taybridge 1 2 
 24 th Trinifour n 
 25 th Dalrecardock 7 
 
 Sept 1 
 
 26 Dalwhinny 
 27 th Ruthven 
 28 Dalruckne 
 29 th Inverness 
 4i Nairn 
 
 12 
 10 
 
 24 
 1 8 
 
 [Computation of Transports *.] 
 
 Rank and file 1641 
 
 Serjeants 76 D" 8 48 ... 124 
 
 Officers 85 
 
 Servants 50 
 
 Women 108 
 
 Highlanders 212 
 
 Com d and non Com d Off 1 " 8 . . 33 
 
 Train 100 
 
 Staff 50 
 
 Horses equal to 400 
 
 2803 
 
 M c Kays Sutherlands and Monroes ex- 
 pected to join which numbers with the 
 baggage it was thought would require 2000 
 Tonns. 
 
 Horses Army 99 
 Staff and OfP 8 34 
 
 1 Afterwards Colonel of the 39th Foot. 
 
 2 Afterwards Sub-director and Major of Engineers. 
 
 3 58th regiment of Foot. 
 
 4 On the back : 
 
 (a) Debts to be p d at London. 
 Turner lace man 
 Pritchard 
 Cooper Taylor 
 Whitefoord Upholsterer 
 Oliphant Hatter 
 Graham Stationer 
 M' Stewart Wine Mer* 
 
 133 
 
 () Col 1 Gardiner proposes to shut 
 the gate every night to patrole, and to 
 shut up the [illegible] of the town walls. 
 
 (c) aMon r . 
 Mons r Denny 
 
 Superieur du College des Irlandois 
 a Toulouse 
 pour faire tenir a Mi Lady Houstoun 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO SIR JOHN COPE. 53 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO SIR JOHN COPE.] 
 
 [ABERDEEN, September, 1745.] 
 
 I have the Honour to inform your Excellency that from 
 the badness of last night I could not possibly reach this 
 sooner than nine this morning, I am afraid at the expense of 
 my cavalry who suffer in a good cause. I immediately on 
 my arrival went to the Provosts 1 , whome those vermin the 
 Physicians had sent out of toun for his health. I assembled 
 the other magistrates whome I found zealous for his Maj 8 
 service and ready to give you all the assistance in their power. 
 The bread was getting ready with all expedition and the 
 shoes I bespoke, but on this occasion I told them it would 
 be necessary to unhallow the Lords day, which like good 
 Christians they readily went into. I have Patroles going 
 every hour round the bakers and shoemakers and a report 
 every night of the quantity made. I flatter my self your 
 excellency will find them in good forwardness on your arrival. 
 The magistrates laid before me two letters which gave 
 undoubted information of the Rebels being in possession 
 of Perth, of their threat'ning Dundee, and raising all the 
 money they could from the receivers in these countrys. 
 
 By this situation I saw the passage of the Tay would be 
 so difficult that I immediately laid an embargo on all the 
 shipping here, which I found amounted to 1000 Tons. I 
 intend to set out for Montrose and do the same thing there 
 onely waiting the Arrival of the Provost. 
 
 i: Brigade. 
 
 Harrison Red Vane \ 
 SSS^SE. Main Toptnast head. 
 
 Douglass Yellow 
 
 2 d Brigade. 
 Wentworth's . Red \ 
 
 Wy^Ss! : Sef Forecast head. 
 Mortons . . . Yellow ) 
 
 1 James Morison, junior, of Elsick, Provost of Aberdeen 1744-1746. The bakers 
 and shoemakers of Aberdeen were incorporated. [Kennedy's Annals of Aberdeen, 
 " 333, 245, 249.] 
 
54 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 When the Gen 1 would speak with the commanding officer 
 of any particular Reg* if of the I 8t Brigade a Flag shall be 
 spread on the Main Top Gallant stay of the same colour with 
 the distinguishing Vane the Transports of that Reg* are 
 orderd to near, if of the Second Brigade a flag in like manner 
 on the Fore Top Gallant stay. 
 
 N: B: The Transport of each Reg* that has the commanding 
 officer on board shall have a Swallow Tail in their Vane. 
 
 Ships that do not carry Troops red Vane at the Mizen Top- 
 mast head. 
 
 Victualler White Mizen Topmast head. 
 
 Ordinance Yellow at y e Mizen Top mast head. 
 
 SIGNALS FOR THE MASTERS OF THE TRANSPORTS. 
 
 [ABERDEEN, September , 1745.] 
 The Transports are divided into three divisions for Soldiers, 
 
 the ships of the first division to wear onely one vane and that 
 
 at the main topmast head. 
 
 The Ships of the second division to wear only one vane, 
 
 and that at the Fore Topmast head. 
 
 The Ships of the third division, to wear onely one vane, 
 
 and that at the Mizen Topmast head. But if a Brigg, Snaw 1 , 
 
 or Sloop happens to be of the third division she is to wear no 
 
 vane at all. 
 
 FOR THE EMBARKATION. 
 
 All the Ships of the first division to wear their ensigns at 
 the main top mast head, till the men are all embark'd. 
 
 All the Ships of the second division to wear their Ensigns 
 at the fore top mast till the men are all embark'd. 
 
 All the Ships of the third division to wear their Ensigns 
 at the Mizen top mast head till all the men are embark'd, if 
 a Snaw, Brigg, or Sloop happens to be of this division, they 
 are to hoist their Ensign on their after shroud or Back stay. 
 
 The Highlanders and Col 1 Lees make the I st Division. 
 
 1 A ' brig ' differs from a ' snaw ' in having no trysail mast, and in lowering her 
 gaff to furl the sail. [Murray's New Engl. Diet. art. BRIG.] 
 
SIGNALS FOR THE COMMANDING OFFICERS OF CORPS. 55 
 
 The Edward and Mary, Young Master, and the Margaret 
 and Mary carry the horses of this Division. 
 
 [First Division.] 
 Colonel Lee's 1 . 
 Ships. Masters. 
 Ann . . Masterson. 
 Janet . . Ramsay. 
 Helen . Stephen. 
 Catharin Boyter 
 Edward and Mary. 
 
 [Second Division.] 
 Colonel Murray's 2 . 
 Ships. Masters. 
 Dove . . Wilkinson 
 Mary . . Howison 
 George . Gray 
 Unity . Thomson 
 
 [Third Division.] 
 Colonel Lasscells's. 
 Ships. Masters. 
 Ranger . Taylor 
 Margaret . Martin 
 Mary . . Ferguson 
 May . . Burton 
 Montrose . Dunbar 
 
 SIGNALS FOR THE COMMANDING OFFICERS OF CORPS. 
 
 If the General would speak with the Commanding Officer 
 of the Highlanders, he will hoist a Union Jack at the Mizen 
 Peek, and a whiff in the Ensign. 
 
 If with the Commanding Officer of Lees the same signal 
 without a whiff. 
 
 If with the Commanding Officer of Col 1 Murrays a French 
 Jack at the Mizen Peek. 
 
 If with the Commanding Officer of Col 1 Lasscell's a Dutch 
 Jack at the Mizen Peek. 
 
 If with the Quarter Master General a Dutch Jack at the 
 Ensign staff. 
 
 If with the Cheif Ingeneer a Dutch pendant at the Mizen 
 Peek. 
 
 Transports of the same division to anchor as near together 
 as possible. 
 
 1 55th, afterwards 44th Foot. 
 
 57th Foot. 
 
THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 O w 
 
 J S 
 
 o g 
 u w 
 
 a* 
 
 W ^ 
 
 H S 
 
 fe w 
 O * 
 ~ 
 
 
 ^J 12 
 S *.S 
 
 e i 
 
 J2 " 
 W 
 
 P, 
 
 I 
 
 I 
 U 
 
 OOOONOOOOO 
 
 O -^-1^000 O W COVO 
 \O ^O vrvO vovO >^> "-O "- 
 
 roO OOOOOOOO 
 
 22^ 
 
 g O g a, 
 
 ON 
 
 vO co 
 N 
 
 ? 
 
 5 
 
 ^J 
 
 3 
 
 ON 
 
 00 
 
 ON 
 
ORDER OF MARCH. 57 
 
 LIST OF THE CLANS WITH THE SUMS THEY RECEIV'D IN THE 
 LATTER END OF QUEEN ANN'S REIGN. 
 
 Men. 
 
 Erasers Lord Lovat 700 
 
 Macdonalds Sir Alexander 800 
 
 D Capt. Clanronald 700 
 
 D Glengary 500 
 
 D Keppoch 400 
 
 M c Clauds M c Claud Minor 700 
 
 M c Dougal M c Dougal 200 
 
 Cameron Locheal 600 
 
 Stewart Apping 300 
 
 M c Kennon 200 
 
 M c Phersons Cluny 400 
 
 M c Leans 600 
 
 Glencos 60 
 
 M c Kenzies 800 
 
 M c lntosh, Clan Hatton and Sheaes 600 
 
 M c Gregors 300 
 
 Grants 600 
 
 Monroes 400 
 
 M c Kays 400 
 
 Southerlands 400 
 
 Athol Men and Rennock, Sir Rob* Menzies and Strower 2500 
 
 Broadalbin 700 
 
 Campbell Argyll 2000 
 
 Farquharsons, Innerkeel and Braes of Mar 600 
 
 M c Farlans . 100 
 
 Money. 
 360 
 
 500 
 100 
 
 200 
 100 
 300 
 500 
 100 
 
 150 
 
 360 
 
 3450 
 
 15560 
 
 Chisms of Strathglase ) 
 
 M c Neils > no Computation. 
 
 Duke of Gordons ) 
 
 ORDER OF MARCH '. 
 The Highlanders. 
 One Regiment of Dragoons. 
 Two peices of Cannon and Coehoms. 
 Lees Regiment. 
 Lascells Regiment. 
 Two peices of Cannon. 
 Murrays Regiment. 
 Two peices of Cannon. 
 Regiment of Dragoons. 
 
 Artillery waggons with a guard of a Serg* and vi men. 
 Generals Baggage with a guard from the Generals guard. 
 Armys Baggage. 
 Rear guard i Cap* and 50 men. 
 
 I cap* 2 serg* 3 and 80 Dragoons to make the Advanc'd guard and 
 grand guard at night. 
 
 1 From Haddington. 
 
58 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 ORDER OF BATTLED 
 
 Sir John Cope. 
 Brig r Gen 1 Fowks. 
 
 Brig r Gardiner. Brig r Lascells. 
 
 2 Squads. Murrays. Lascells. Lees. 2 Squads. 
 
 cannon 
 2 peices 
 and mortars. 
 I squad. Highlanders. I squad. 
 
 PRESTONPANS 2 . 
 
 Paces. 
 
 The Kings Army consisted of 1400 drawn up 3 deep makes 467 (a) 
 files allowing each man in front in order of battle. Officers 
 
 at the heads of their platoons 2 feet makes (b) ...... 312 
 
 (c) Two and one half Batt 8 of Foot, Intervals betwixt them ... 60 
 3 Squads of Dragoons 100 men each drawn up 2 deep make 50 in 
 
 front, allowing 3^ feet to each Dragoon mounted makes (d) . 179 
 
 Intervall betwixt the 2 Squadrons on the left ........ 60 
 
 D betwixt the Dragoons and foot on the Right and left .... 6 
 
 D betwixt the Sq d of Dragoons on the Right (<?) and the Cannon . 15 
 
 Six Cannon and (_/) Intervals ............. 18 
 
 Coehorns and D (g) ................ 9 
 
 Intervall betwixt the Coehorns and Artillery guard ...... 10 
 
 ~66g 
 The Rebel Army outflanked the Kings .......... 100 
 
 "769 
 Men. 
 
 As the Rebel Army (/*) occupied 769 paces, without any interval in 
 their line as is prov'd by many Officers and Country Gentle- 
 men who were Spectators, it must consist of ....... 3450 
 
 The Second line compos'd of the Athol men and lowlanders . . . 2000 
 
 Rebel Army .... 5450 
 
 (*) The Highlanders always march 3 men in front and form by files, they 
 advanc'd regularly to the Action without any interval from the Right to 
 the left of their lines till the Cannon fir'd upon them, then the first line 
 form'd into Columns. 
 
 1 The proposed ' order of battle ' was delivered to the commanding officers of 
 the several corps before leaving Haddington, Sept. 20, 1745. [Report of Proceed- 
 ings, &c., 38.] 
 
 * Another copy, in Col. Whitefoord's handwriting, on the back of a Plan of the 
 Battle of Prestonpans, differs in some particulars : 
 
 (a) 476 instead of 467. (e) 'makes' omitted. 
 
 Two battalions and one half of foot. (f) ' mounted makes ' omitted. 
 on the right* omitted. (g) insert 'their.' 
 
 their intervals being six.' (Ji) * As the Rebel Army's first line.' 
 
 (z) Omitted and ' N.B. a ditch being on the right of the kings army and left of the 
 Rebels the outflanking was on the left of the king's where all the spectators 
 happen'd to be.' 
 
 (r) * 
 
 (d) ' 
 
PRINCE CHARLES' DECLARATION. 
 
 59 
 
 Return of the Wounded and Prisoners, Sept r : 2i 8t : 1745. 
 
 Regiments. 
 
 Feild Officers. 
 
 i 
 
 Quartermaster. 
 
 Centinels. 
 
 Totals, Non Corn* 
 Off" and Centinels. 
 
 Wounded. 
 
 Prisoners. 
 
 Gardiners 
 
 
 i 
 
 3 
 
 
 52 
 
 52 
 
 Hamiltons 
 
 2 
 
 2 
 
 I 
 
 5 
 
 62 
 
 62 
 
 Guises 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 40 
 
 Highlanders 
 
 
 ii 
 
 
 
 155 
 
 155 
 
 Lees 
 
 I 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 157 
 
 157 
 
 Murray s 
 
 2 
 
 16 
 
 
 
 226 
 
 226 
 
 Lasscells's 
 
 I 
 
 16 
 
 
 
 266 
 
 266 
 
 Totals 
 
 6 
 
 61 
 
 4 
 
 368 
 
 
 958 
 
 Lieut. Coll cha 9 Whitefoord 
 
 of Col 1 Cochran's Marines 
 
 and Master Griffith l of the Castle of Eden r . 
 
 [PRINCE CHARLES' DECLARATION WITH REGARD 
 TO THE PRISONERS.] 
 
 Whereas it has hitherto pleas'd the Almighty to favour our 
 arms with the most surpriseing success towards the recovery 
 of our just rights, and whereas it is well-known, how bar- 
 barously the King our Father's subjects have been formerly 
 treated when bravely appearing for his royal cause : we think 
 it proper in this publick manner to make known our intentions, 
 
 1 Conductor of the train and Commissary of the stores and provisions. 
 Griffiths gave evidence before the court-martial on Sir John Cope. \Report of 
 Proceedings, &c., 8, 40, &c.] 
 
60 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 with regard to the prisoners, in the Elector of Hanover's 
 service, either taken at the lale battle of Gladsmuir, or who 
 may be taken in any subsequent engagement. We therefor 
 declare that from our nature and inclinations we are utterly 
 averse to all cruelty and bloodshed, and shall with the utmost 
 reluctance see our selves forc'd into such violent measures, as 
 have been formerly set to us as an example by our Ennemies. 
 Therefor if they now think on the safety of their own friends 
 we require them to open a Cartel with us, upon such terms 
 as shall be agreed on by Commissaries on both sides to be 
 appointed, whereby the lives of brave men may be spar'd as 
 far as possible, as in other wars between Christian Princes. If 
 on the contrary this our intimation shall be neglected, we 
 shall take care for the future that the friends of your Royal 
 cause shall not be upon a worse footing than those who 
 venture their lives in defence of a foreign usurpation, and 
 thereby endeavour, to rivet the chains of their own Country. 
 
 COPY OF THE OBLIGATION SIGN'D BY THE OFFICERS ON 
 PAROLE DATED HOLYROOD HOUSE 28 SEPT. 1745. 
 
 [Endorsed] 
 Copy of the Officers Parole. 
 
 2 d . 
 
 It is Requir'd of you by his Royal Highness that you forth- 
 with repair upon y r Sollemn parole of Honour to the Toun 
 of Perth, there to remain for the space of 15 dayes, during 
 which time you may provide your selves in furniture for your 
 Accommodation in any other part wh. shall be judged proper 
 by his Royal Highness for that purpose, and that you shall 
 upon your Arrival there present y r selves to a person Specially 
 to be Appointed for that purpose as his R. H. prisoners and 
 you are further to be bound by y r parole of Honor, not to 
 depart from the place to be appointed for you at any distance 
 exceeding two Milles, that you are not to correspond with any 
 
THE OFFICERS' PAROLE. 6 1 
 
 of the Enemys of his R. H. upon any pretext q*soever and that 
 for your Subsistence and Conveniency you shall have a Com- 
 missary appointed in the toun of Ed r who shall receive and 
 transmit to you the pay that shall be allotted for you by 
 those appointed for y* purpose and y* the country round shall 
 be order'd to furnish with all necessarys at reasonable Rates. 
 These conditions being accepted, ratify'd and Sign'd on your 
 parts you are at Liberty and required immediately to depart. 
 There is an escort to be appointed to attend you on your 
 Jurney to Perth to prevent any Insults y* may be offer'd you 
 from Stragling Soldiers as also from any surprise from the 
 Castle of Stirling, Men of War, or otherwise. 
 
 To the Gentlemen Officers 
 taken Prisoners at the Battle 
 of Gladsmuir. 
 
 This is a trew Coppy of the Obligation Sign'd by the 
 Officers who are upon their Parole t>f Honour this a8 th Sep r : 
 1745 George Murray. 
 
 [Another copy in Col. Whitefoord's handwriting and 
 signed ' George Murray/ written on the back of a copy 
 of Prince Charles' Declaration, proceeds:] This paper was 
 brought by Lord George Murray accompanied by the Duke 
 of Perth ; the officers agreed to the conditions, but beg'd a 
 day's longer stay in toun, which demand the Duke of Perth 
 carried, I brought back word that it could not be granted. 
 
 The Duke of Atholl was told that the gentlemen prisoners 
 here in Perth, ask'd to know if he would have morning 
 Levees, because they intended accordingly to wait upon him. 
 His answer is that he thanks them kindly for the polite com- 
 pliment they design' d him. His Grace is not fond of 
 ceremonious visits, tho' he will be always glad to cultivat an 
 acquaintance with gentlemen whose actions show they are 
 true Britons, by standing up for supporting the ancient con- 
 stitution, and liberties of well born subjects, whose honour is 
 engag'd to shake off the slavery of a foreign yoke. 
 
62 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 COPY OF THE OBLIGATION SIGN'D BY THE OFFICERS ON 
 PAROLE DATED HOLYROOD HOUSE, 28 SEPT R 1745. 
 
 [Second copy.] Accepted. 
 [There follows :] 
 
 The following letter 1 sign'd Atholl (unasked) was sent to 
 Lieu* Col 1 Wright 2 and the other prisoners. 
 
 GENTLEMEN, 
 
 You were order'd by his R: H: the Prince Regent to 
 Perth on your paroles of honour, with leave to remain there 
 the space of fifteen days ; since you are not as yet order'd 
 to any other place, more out of the way, this is requireing you 
 to still remain as you are in Perth, till further orders, on your 
 said paroles of honour. In the meantime any of the gentlemen 
 that would be removM from Perth, to have the same liberty 
 elsewhere, they may draw a representation of their demands. 
 I shall do all depends on me for their satisfaction, by 
 regularly laying the same before his R: H: to obtain the 
 liberty they think fit to demand. 
 
 Signd, 
 
 ATHOLL. 
 
 Dunkeld, Oct r i8 th , 1745. 
 
 To Lieut. Col 1 Wright 
 
 and the other prisoners. 
 
 LETTER TO THE DUKE OF ATHOLL. 
 MY LORD, 
 
 I have the Honour of your Grace's most oblidgeing 
 letter, which I communicated to the Officers who are here 
 prisoners : I am desird by them to return your Grace their 
 sincere thanks for the offer of your good Offices ; tho' they 
 are as happy in the present quarters as their situation will 
 admit of, yet the bad state of health, of some, and the 
 circumstances of others, make them wish to be remov'd to 
 
 1 There is another copy of this letter, endorsed ' Marquis of Tullibardin, 
 stileing himself Duke of Athol's letter to the Officers.' 
 3 Of the 1 4th (Hamilton's) Dragoons. 
 
THE OFFICERS TO THE DUKE OF ATHOLL. 63 
 
 the places I have the honor to send your Grace enclos'd. 
 To this we are encourag'd by what your Grace is pleas'd to 
 say in your letter, ' that if any of the Gentlemen would be 
 remov'd from Perth, to have the same liberty elsewhere, they 
 may draw a representation of their demands.' 
 
 The advanc'd season of the year and the badness of the 
 roads make us wish how soon it may be consistent with 
 your Graces goodness and conveniency to endulge us and 
 we all promise that the first call shall bring us to the place 
 you shall please to appoint for us. 
 
 We have all of us the most gratefull sense of our generous 
 treatment which we shall on all occasions readily acknowledge. 
 As I will in the name of the Officers as well as my own, I 
 have the Honour to assure your Grace that we are with the 
 greatest respect &c. 
 
 [Endorsed] letter to the Marquis of Atholl : not sent. 
 
 [ANSWER OF THE OFFICERS TO THE DUKE OF ATHOLL.] 
 
 2 nd draft. 
 
 It is no small addition to my present affliction the mortifi- 
 cation of being depriv'd of the honour of waiting on your 
 Grace personally and of delivering the demand which I have 
 the honour to send your Grace enclos'd. 
 
 I am fully convinc'd that the same motives that prompted 
 your Grace to offer your good offices will push you on to 
 perform them, which makes me with reluctance ask anything 
 of one of your Grace's disposition, who is so ready to oblige ; 
 but I must mention to your Grace that the bad state of health 
 of some and the pressing business of others make them wish 
 how soon, your Grace's good intentions towards them might 
 be put in execution, as the advanc'd season of the year, and the 
 badness of the roads, the longer they are in being endulg'd, 
 will make it the more inconvenient for them, which I am 
 perswaded would give your Grace pain, as you seem to feel 
 the sufferings of others ; the timeing a favour greatly raises 
 the value of it, and the reflection of doing good natur'd and 
 human actions gives to a generous mind the greatest joy. 
 
64 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 I shall ever retain the highest sense of your Graces goodness 
 and have the honour to be with the greatest respect, &c. &c. 
 
 [Endorsed] Officers answer No. 4. 
 
 In consequence of this letter (from the Duke of Athol) the 
 prisoners nam'd the places, they had a mind to go to, but no 
 body had leave. Afterwards on the Earl of Cromartie's 
 comeing to Perth, he signified to some of the Prisoners, that 
 he thought they ought to have leave to go to other places, 
 that if such a request was made to him, he would second it 
 with all his weight ; in consequence of this, a list was given 
 into him, containing the particular place, each had a mind to 
 go to, and part were endulg'd but all restricted to the north 
 side of the Forth, and passports were given in the following 
 terms : 
 
 [The following is a copy of Col. Whitefoord's passport.] 
 
 By William Viscount of Strathallan Brigadier General of 
 his Majesties forces on the north side of Forth and Governour 
 of the toun of Perth. 
 
 These are giving Permission to Lieu u Collonell Whitefoord in 
 Co 11 Cochrans Regiment of Marines to pass to Edinb r with a 
 servant about his necessary Business, he having given his 
 Parole of Honour to return to this place upon the twelfth of 
 December next. Given at Perth this 26 th November 1745. 
 
 To all Officers Civil STRATHALLAN. 
 
 and military whom these 
 may concern. 
 
 On receit of this passport, each Off' sign'd a paper, 
 oblidgeing himself to return at the time appointed : and to 
 observe the parole, he had given Sept r 28 th . Before the 
 expiration of the above time, the prisoners made a new 
 application, for a longer endulgence, on which they had a 
 letter as follows : 
 
 [Passport to Col. Whitefoord.] 
 
 By William Viscount of Strathallan Brigadier General of his 
 Majesties forces on the North side of Forth. 
 
 These are allowing you Collonell Charles Whitefoord to go 
 
LORD JOHN DRUMMOND'S DECLARATION. 65 
 
 to Leslie house in the shyre of Fyfe and to continue there in 
 terms of your former parole untill you receive further Orders, 
 with Liberty of going four Miles out from said place. Given 
 at Perth this 12 th Dec r 1745. 
 
 STRATHALLAN. 
 
 To Collonell Charles 
 Whitefoord. 
 
 Dec' 26 th the other 18 prisoners were order'd to Glames, 
 on the same terms, they were on in Perth ; in the above 
 situation were all the Officers when carried off. 
 
 LORD JOHN DRUMMONDS DECLARATION 1 . 
 
 We, Lord John Drummond, Commander in chief of his 
 most Christian Majesties forces in Scotland, do hereby declare 
 that we are come into this Kingdom, with written orders to 
 make war against the King of England, Elector of Hanover, 
 and all his adherents, and that the positive orders we have 
 from his most Christian Majesty are to attack all his Ennemies 
 in this Kingdom, whome he has declar'd to be those who will 
 not immediately join or assist as far as shall be in their power 
 the Prince of Wales, Regent of Scotland &c. his Ally, and 
 whome he has resolv'd in concurrence with the King of Spain 
 to support in the takeing possession of Scotland, England and 
 Ireland if necessary at the expence of all the men and money 
 he is master of, to which three kingdoms the Family of 
 Stewart have so just and indisputable a right, and his most 
 Christian Majesties positive orders are that his Ennemies 
 should be us'd in this Kingdom in proportion to the harm 
 that they do or intend to his Royal Highness his cause. 
 Given at Montrose, 2 d Dec r 1745. 
 
 1 Lord John Drummond's Declaration was published at Dundee, the Cross, 
 Aberdeen, and other places in the middle of December, 1745, and afterwards 
 printed and dispersed. It made little impression. [Kennedy's Annals of Aberdeen, 
 i. 300 ; London Gazette, No. 8498; Ray's History of the Rebellion, 173.] 
 
66 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 BY WILLIAM VISCOUNT OF STRATHALLAN, ETC. 
 
 These are ordering you the after mention'd Officers 
 taken at the Battle of Gladesmoor viz. Henry Young Quarter- 
 master, in the late General Hamilton's Regiment, Lieu* 
 Henry Paton, Ensign James Wakeman in Gen 1 Guises Reg*, 
 Lieu* David Kennedy in Col 1 Lees Reg*, Lieu* John Capell 
 Wale, Lieu* Christopher Wray, Ensign Andrew Southland, 
 Ensign Ro bt Lucey, Adjutant Tho s Spencer in Col 1 Murrays 
 Reg*, Ensign David Gordon, Ensign William Stone, Ensign 
 Nicolas Cox, Ensign Francis Goulton in Coll. Lascell's Reg*, 
 Cap* Harry Munro, Cap* Archibald M c nab and Ensign Allan 
 Campbell in Lord John Murrays Reg*, Lieu* John Reed, 
 Ensign Alex r M c Lagan, Ensign Alex r Macay upon your 
 parols of honour given at Queensbery house the 28 th of Sept r 
 1745 to repair to the Toun of Killimoor, in the Shire of 
 Angus on or before Munday the 3o* h current, and remain 
 there until his Royal Highness the prince of Wales, or any 
 Person Authorised by him give them further orders. Given 
 
 at Perth 2,6 th Dec r 1745. 
 
 Signed : STRATHALLAN. 
 
 A true Copy : EDM D ANDERSON. 
 
 To Cap* Edmund Anderson 
 
 present Commander of the 
 
 prisoners at Perth. 
 
 [Endorsed] Strathallan's order to the 
 Prisoners l at Perth. 
 
 [THE PRISONERS AT LESLIE TO THOSE AT PERTH.] 
 
 LESLIE, Dec- 27, 1745. 
 GENTLEMEN, 
 
 We have received your letter Informing us of Lord 
 Strathallan's order for you to remove to Killimore, your 
 application to his Lord sp to name another place, his refusal, 
 and your unanimous opinions to withdraw your Paroles. 
 
 1 The above-mentioned prisoners, together with Lieut.-Col. Whitefoord, Majors 
 Talbot and Severn, Captains Leslie, Collier, Barlow, Anderson, Corbett and 
 Forrester, Lieut. Swiney, Ensigns Archer, Berne and Grant, and Quarter-Master 
 West, were rescued by the Angus Militia, Jan. 1 746. [London Gazette^ 
 
LETTER TO LORD GEORGE MURRAY. 67 
 
 You are undoubtedly the best Judges how to act in what 
 chiefly concerns yourselves, yet Seeing you desire our advice 
 to direct you in your present circumstances ; we cannot at this 
 distance give you the reasons, but haveing your Interests as 
 much at hart as our own, we are of opinion that it would be 
 more adviseable to comply with the order, as the refusal will 
 not save you from Killimore if they resolve to send you there, 
 and may perhaps procure you greater hardships in a more dis- 
 agreeable situation. We hope Lord Strathallan will make it as 
 convenient for you as possible, and sympathise with you most 
 sincerely being with great truth, 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 Your most humble serv**, 
 
 Signed : CHA S WHITEFOORD. 
 J. SEVERN l . 
 RICH D TALBOT 2 . 
 THO: LESLIE 3 . 
 THO BARLOW*. 
 
 [To LORD GEORGE MURRAY.] 
 MY LORD, 
 
 I have the Honour of your Ldp 8 letter of the y th by 
 which, I am, with the rest of the Officers, under the utmost 
 concern for the scandalous behaviour, of these men who have 
 in so shamefull a manner broke their word which ought to be 
 sacred to all men of honour, we flatter ourselves their crime 
 will not be imputed us, as we detest both them and it. I am 
 desir'd by the Gentlemen to represent to S r W m Younge their 
 behaviour in order to their meeting with the punishment they 
 deserve. 
 
 1 John Severn, Major in Lascelles' Regiment. At Prestonpans, where he was 
 taken prisoner, he was posted on the centre of the line with his regiment. [Report 
 of Proceedings, &c., 53.] 
 
 a Major in Murray's Regiment, 1745; afterwards Lieut.-Col. in the 27 th 
 (Inniskilling) Regiment. As field officer of the day he posted the outguards the 
 night before Prestonpans. [/. 39.] 
 
 * Captain in Murray's Regiment. 
 
 * Captain in Lascelles' Regiment. 
 
 F 2 
 
68 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 I am desird by the Gentlemen to assure you they have 
 the most gratefull sense of your Ldp 9 good Offices and beg 
 the continuance of them. They all offer your Ldp their 
 comp* and I have the honour to be with the greatest regard. 
 [Endorsed] letter to L d G. Murray on Cap* Tatton and 
 the Ensigns breaking their Parole. 
 
 State of the prisoners taken at Prestonpans, and sent to 
 Perth on their paroles of honour, to remain there, and within 
 two miles of it, who were afterwards dispers'd as follows. 1 8 
 were order'd to Glames, Six by their own request went to 
 Leslie, Six to Cowpar, and 4 to different parts of the 
 Coast. 
 
 N:B: Some were refus'd leave to be on the South side of 
 the Forth. 
 Querie. 
 
 Prisoners allow'd to go to particular places, at their own 
 requests, (from which they could be carried off at any time) 
 restricted to 4 or 5 miles round, and where those, whose 
 prisoners they were had no other security, but their paroles, 
 when order'd, if carried off by force, how are they to conduct 
 themselves ? 
 
 STATE OF THE PRISONERS WHO WERE BROUGHT OVER TO 
 ED R THE 19* AND 3i 8t JAN RY 1746. 
 
 On the 28 th of Sept r 1 745 they were order'd to Perth where 
 they were to continue on their paroles, with liberty of two 
 miles round the town. They met with no inconveniency till 
 the 3o th of Oct r , when a mob was raisd, and a scuffle ensued 
 betwixt it and the Rebels, wherein some were kill'd on both 
 sides. After that the party of the Rebels encreas'd consider- 
 ably, and the prisoners were frequently insulted by the Rebel 
 Soldiers, and fir'd at when they went to take the air in the 
 feilds, without any redress when complain'd of; greater 
 numbers of the Rebels comeing to toun, than could be con- 
 veniently quarter'd. It was told the prisoners, if they would 
 apply they would be allow'd to go to other places, which the 
 
THOMAS WHITE TO CHARLES WHITEFOORD. 69 
 
 bad useage the prisoners met with from the low people made 
 them readily accept of. Six got leave to go to Leslie, six to 
 Cowpar, and four to other places on the coast, in all which 
 places the Rebels had no forces, nor any other security for 
 these 1 6 officers continuing their prisoners, but their paroles, 
 that they would remain there till further orders, with liberty 
 of some miles round, this at their own request. Dec r 26 th 18 
 were order'd to Glames with liberty of two miles round, the 
 whole in terms of their parole given Sept r a8 th . 
 
 On Sunday the 19* [January] parties of men came to 
 Glames, Cowpar and Leslie and forc'd away the prisoners to 
 Bruntisland where they were embark'd on board of a vessell 
 with a guard and carried to the Admiral, who desir'd they 
 might be taken to the Commanding Officer at Leith, in order 
 to their being deliver'd to Gen 1 Hawley who order'd them 
 to continue in this toun and liberties till his Maj 8 pleasure 
 should be known. On the 2i 8t a party was sent for the 
 4 others on the coast, who were brought over that day and 
 order'd to continue here on terms as the others. 
 
 It is to be observ'd that Gen 1 Handasyde had taken posses- 
 sion of Ed r without liberating the prisoners he found there 
 before the other prisoners got permission to go from Perth to 
 the different places. 
 
 [Endorsed] Case of the Prisoners releiv'd at Glames, 
 Leslie &c. 
 
 [THOMAS WHITE TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 SIR, 
 
 I wish Yow Joy of Your Great delivery from the 
 Hands of thos Canibals and likeways of the Good News We 
 hear from the Duke of his driving of the Rebels befor him 
 hoping this Will put an End to this damnable Rebellion. 
 
 S r I have one faver Mor to begg of Yow Amongst the 
 Many I have Recaved that yow'l yours [use] your intrest With 
 Col. Cochran to Give me live to draw my Money from M r 
 
70 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Gwerin l as he Was so Good as to Offer me A bout twelve 
 Months Ago When I was Going in to Gen 11 Ponsinby 8 Regi- 
 ment 2 , all from 
 
 S r Your Most Humble 
 
 and Most Obe dt Servant, 
 THO. WHITE. 
 
 CHATHAM, Feb r y the 6, 1745-6. 
 P:S: S r I Begg an Answer as Soon as Possable. 
 
 To 
 
 Col Charles Whitefoord Esq r 
 att his Lodging 
 
 Edenbrowgh. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO SIR JOHN COPE.] 
 DEAR SIR, lFetnutt3 '' ' 746 ' ] 
 
 I had the Honour of your kind and most oblidgeing 
 letter some posts ago, which sore eyes prevented my answer- 
 ing sooner, and returning you my thanks for your goodness 
 in thinking of me. It gives me the greatest joy that his 
 Royal Highness has got the care of the Army entrusted to 
 him, which I look upon to be the onely means to restore 
 disciplin (and he is the life of it), so shamefully wanting 
 amongst us. I am entirely of your opinion that the Duke is 
 the proper Channel! for recommendations. Lord Cathcart 
 when here had the goodness to offer me his best offices, which 
 an ill judged delicacy, least it might show the least diffidence 
 in or interfere with what you generously of your own accord 
 undertooke for me, made me decline and now I am afraid it is 
 too late, the vacancies in the old Regiment being fill'd up. So 
 I shall wait with patience and without repining till the favour- 
 able blink of an auspicious [sic] shall render the endeav'ring 
 for me more successfull. In the meantime if I had the honour 
 of being mentioned to his Royal Highness any time when 
 Lord Harrington had occasion to write about other business 
 
 1 Guerin was agent for several regiments. 
 
 2 37 th Foot. 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO SIR JOHN WHITEFOORD. Jl 
 
 would have weight ; as I am pretty high up in rank among 
 the L* Col 18 and have sustain'd two losses, a remove is not 
 a mighty favour. I had the Honour to be a kind of Pedagogue 
 to Captain Stanhope when he was my Ensign in Minorca, but 
 a consciousness of want of merit, which you are pleas'd to 
 term an affected modesty, prevented my paying the court to 
 my Lord that I ought to have done. His goodness in reward- 
 ing people who had the least pretensions to his patronage is 
 but too visible to need instances of it. I have repented too 
 sincerely of that, sir, to be damn'd for it, but the fear of being 
 cal'd as an evidence in the dispute 1 betwixt Adm 1 Vernon and 
 Gen 1 Wentworth made me avoid haveing any questions put to 
 me by the Ministry. The Duke of Newcastle serv'd me so 
 litle when I came from Minorca, which made me avoid them 
 when I return' d from the West Indies. 
 
 The situation of the Rebels I am afraid is not seen in its 
 true light. They have all along been too much despis'd, tho' 
 many events might have convinc'd the Court that matters 
 were more serious than they imagin'd, and many officers, at 
 least people that bear Commissions, speak of them as the 
 most dastardly, cowardly, contemptible rabble in the world, a 
 parcel of bandittis without government or conduct. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO SIR JOHN WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY D[EAR] BROTHER] 
 
 The pleasure I know you have in doing good offices 
 makes me embrace this opportunity of oblidgeing you. You 
 know that people of the least merit have the best pretensions 
 to fortune's favours. Therefor your H ble servant being 
 undoubtedly qualified, it is possible I may soon have a smile. 
 In that case as my freind Stewart 2 is not there to act for 
 himself I shall be sorry if his absence should make him lose 
 the opportunity. The value I have for him and the freind- 
 
 1 On the conduct of the Cathagena expedition. 
 
 2 John Stewart, Major in Cochran's Marines, was appointed Lieut. -Col. in 
 Wynyard's Regiment in Oct. 1749, and died Feb. 2, 1750. 
 
72 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 ship in which we have always liv'd makes me give you this 
 early notice (which perhaps may have no effect) that you may 
 take your own proper time to advise my Lord Stair, who I'm 
 sure will do him all the service he can ; Sir John Cope I 
 believe will be so good as recommend me in pretty strong 
 terms. If he succeeds for me my Lord will have an oppor- 
 tunity of doing for Stewart. You know Sir John ; he will 
 inform you of the progress of that affair, what I would not 
 have mention'd to anybody else, because one looks a little 
 silly on disappointment which very possibly may happen. 
 You cannot conceive the turn his Royal Highness' experience 
 has given to affairs here ; joy appears in every face ; people 
 have laid aside th r fears and think themselves perfectly re- 
 lieved. Lies abound from the other side so that there is little 
 credit to be given to their reports, but it is said Locheal has 
 wrote to his lady not to be uncivil at their march, as he calls 
 it, being in consequence of a well concerted scheme which 
 will soon be executed to the surprise of all the world. I own 
 to you they have surpris'd me more than once and I have 
 always been mistaken in my conjectures of them. They are 
 not yet dispers'd but separated into two bodies, the one con- 
 sisting of the clan gone towards Lochaber, the other to the 
 north. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO SIR JOHN COPE.] 
 
 [February, 1746.] 
 oIR, 
 
 Your letter to my brother of the 3o th of Jan y lays me 
 under such obligations to you that I want words to express 
 my sense of them, for which you'll please accept of my most 
 sincere and unfeign'd thanks, the only return I know you 
 expect, prompted to this generosity entirely by your own 
 benevolence ; your favours are printed in my memory in too 
 deep characters ever to be worn out. I blush at your over- 
 rating so much my weak endeavours ; it was only by a faint 
 imitation of what you show'd so good an example. Being 
 conscious that I had only the will without the power to be 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO A FRIEND. 73 
 
 usefull, I am already as well rewarded as I have any title to, 
 but seeing you so good as take me under your protection I 
 am too sensible of the Hon r as well as advantage, not to 
 embrace such an opportunity. I am indeed restrain'd by the 
 fear of not deserving what you shall please to say of me. In 
 obedience to your commands I send you the enclos'd memorial 
 but as I know that Col ns do not take it kindly to have applica- 
 tions made through any other channel than theirs, and that 
 for reasons they always oppose anyone not of their own corps, 
 there is now Gardiner's Dragoons late Ligonier's l without a 
 Col 1 to make objections or to plead any service at the two 
 last actions being at neither, but if this shall be attended with 
 any difficulty, let me beg of you to suppose it not ask'd. I 
 shall be extreamly glad to be better'd tho* contented with 
 what I have, and shall only be concern'd if you give yourself 
 any trouble upon my account. I am content with what 
 I have but not so stupid as not to wish to be better, but that 
 wish disappointed, will occasion no other uneasiness than the 
 trouble it has occasion'd you. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO ] 
 
 DEAR SIR, lFttnmy ' ' 746 ' ] 
 
 I am extreamly mortified at not having it in my power 
 to accept of your kind invitation ; being engag'd in a party 
 to see the Hessians 2 land. As you're a good Xtian you will 
 know that duty and inclination are sometimes at variance. 
 Should this be reckon'd a crime you must acknowledge it 
 carries its punishment along with it as it robs me of your 
 
 1 Francis Ligonier, brother of Lieut.-Gen. John (afterwards Field-Marshal 
 Earl) Ligonier, was appointed Major of the 8 th Horse in 1729 and Lieut.-Col. in 
 J 737- He commanded the 8 th Horse at Dettingen, and was rewarded for his 
 bravery with the colonelcy of the 48 th Foot. On the death of Col. Gardiner at 
 Prestonpans he was removed to the 13 th Dragoons (Oct. i, 1745) and served under 
 Hawley in Scotland in Jan. 1746. While suffering from an attack of pleurisy he 
 quitted his bed to command his regiment at Falkirk. He died at Edinburgh on 
 Jan. 26, 1746. Philip Naison, Lieut.-Col. of the Royal Dragoons, succeeded him 
 in his colonelcy. [Hist. Reg. 1 3 th Dragoons, 90 ; London Gazette.'} 
 
 3 The Hessians arrived at Leith in the afternoon of Saturday, Feb. 8. [London 
 Gazette.} 
 
74 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 company in which I had always the greatest pleasure. You 
 have too much goodness not to pardon, I flatter myself I 
 have too good a will not to regret that I cannot have the 
 happiness of assureing you cher ami that I am. 
 
 [LIEUT.- COL. WHITEFOORD TO THE EARL OF HOME(?).] 
 
 MY D[EAR] L[ORD], 
 
 If Simpathy, praying curseing wishing &c. &c. could 
 have been of any use to you since the fatal day of our separa- 
 tion when I was dragg'd shamefull into dureance vile, I am 
 sure I wish them ; yet, let any foreigner read their journal 
 from their first rise, and he will not judge them the de- 
 spicable cannaille they're represented to be. Lord Loudoun 
 is safe in Cromarty and I hope will be able by means of 
 Transports to join his Royal Highness. What you do me 
 the Honour to mention to me with an injunction of Secrecy 
 you may depend upon it shall be as if spoke to the winds 
 or wrote upon the sand. I know too well the bad use is 
 often made of nameing authors to expose you to any danger 
 of that kind. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO ..... ] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, [Marc "' 174<5 ' ] 
 
 The regard I know you have for all good men especially 
 where real worth, and great learning join, must be my apo- 
 logy for this trouble, but I beg pardon, I forgot I was writeing 
 to you which makes an apology on this occasion impertinent. 
 Where you have an opportunity of doing good what others 
 would reckon trouble is to you a pleasure. M r M c lauran 1 
 
 1 Colin M c Laurin was born at Kilmodden in 1698, and became Professor of 
 Mathematics at Edinburgh in 1725. Upon the outbreak of the Rebellion he 
 took an active part in fortifying the city, but fled to England upon its occupation 
 by the rebels, and took refuge with Dr. Herring, Archbishop of York. He died 
 in June, 1747. [Report of Proceedings, &c., 13; Culloden Papers, 224, 262; 
 Hutton's Phil, and Math. Diet, il 2.] 
 
THE BATTLE OF CULLODEN. 
 His Royal Highness the Duke 
 
 Lieut General Hawley 
 
 75 
 
 Major General Huske 
 
 Bngad rs Mordaunt 
 
 E3EZHCHI 
 
 Cholmondley 
 
 Lieut General Earl of Albe/narle 
 
 Major General Campbell. 
 
 Briqadier Lord S em pill 
 
 Ma/or General Bland 
 
 THE BATTLE OF CULLODEN. 
 
 No. I. 
 (From Col. Whitefoord's Papers on the Rebellion of 1745.) 
 
76 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 our great Mathematician, has for some time been afflicted 
 with a dropsy, which has baffled the Esculapean aid. I re- 
 collect'd that you had sent over a nostrum that did great 
 service to Gen 1 Sutton 1 , and I am perswaded you would be 
 happy to be the instrument of continuing so great a man in 
 life. To say more to you is needless. Since I saw you I 
 have pass'd many disagreeable days, great fatigue, shamefully 
 beat, loss of baggage, vile dureance, a disputed rescue, and our 
 whole conduct blam'd, has been the portion of your humble 
 servant. What makes it harder on me in particular is, that I 
 propos'd to our officers answers what the court wanted us to 
 do and was overrul'd, but being eldest officer brought over 
 I was forc'd to argue against my own opinions which I did 
 not think generous to acknowledge. I am sorry there is still 
 so great a body of the Rebels together, they are now in pos- 
 session of Inverness. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD'S ACCOUNT OF THE BATTLE 
 OF CULLODEN.] 
 
 Our strength was 15 Bat 8 6 Squad 8 of Dragoons and 2 of 
 light horse, encamp'd at Nairn, in 2 lines of six Bat 8 each, 
 with a reserve of 3 ; the Cavalry was canton' d. We march'd 
 from that in 3 Columns of Infantry, each consisting of 2 Bat 8 
 from each line and T from the reserve, the Cavalry formeing a 
 4 th Column on the left. You may observe, that in this order if 
 we were attaqued in flank, we had on faceing to the ennemy 
 3 lines of 5 Bat 8 ready form'd with the Cavalry at liberty to 
 post itself on either or both flanks, and if we were to be 
 attack'd in front, we could form each Column, wheeling up 
 into each line, and one into the reserve, the Dragoons forming 
 
 1 Richard Sutton, of Scrofton, Notts., second son of Robert Sutton, was" born in 
 1674. He obtained the rank of Colonel, April 22, 1703, and was twice Colonel 
 of the igth Foot (1712 and 1729). He became Brigadier- General, June i, 1709, 
 Major-General, March 16, 1717, and Lieutenant-General, Oct. 27, 1735. He was 
 also sometime Governor of Bruges. He married Catherine de Tolmer, by whom 
 he had several children, and died in July, 1737. [Burke's Peerage and Baronetage ; 
 Army Lists.] 
 
THE BATTLE OF CULLODEN. 
 
 77 
 
 & 
 
 THE BATTLE OF CULLODEN. 
 
 No. II. 
 (From Col. Whitefoord's Papers on the Rebellion of 1745.) 
 
'7 8 ' THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 two lines and the horse on the right and left of the reserve 
 vide Sketch A. 
 
 Not to trouble you with many circumstances too tedious 
 for a letter tho' very interesting, between 12 and I we de- 
 scry'd the Rebels form'd and faceing the interval between 
 the parks of Culloden and Colwhiniach. His R. H. im- 
 mediatly form'd in the order in the Sketch A, viz., 2 lines of 
 three Squadrons of Dragoons and 6 Bat 8 each, with a reserve 
 of 3 Bat 8 and 2 squadrons of light horse on its flanks. The 
 Highlanders were drawn up as in Sketch B. We advanced in 
 this posture near a m;le. Our left was sufficiently secur'd, but 
 on comeing nearer our right flank appear'd very naked, and 
 the Ennemy seem'd to be prepareing to attack it from their 
 left. His R.H. to remedy that part of the disposition order'd 
 up one Bat n and 2 Squadrons of horse from the reserve to 
 the right of the first line, and afterwards sent for a Squad, of 
 Dragoons from the left which form'd on the right of the 
 Horse. He likewise order'd the other 2 Bat 8 of the reserve to 
 join the 2 d line, and 10 Cannon and 6 little mortars were 
 plac'd as you see. Our order of Battle just before the action 
 was as is represented in the sketch B. The Rebels saluted us 
 with their Cannon, with very little execution. Ours were not 
 then ready but we consider'd them to better purpose and 
 both armies advanceing (theirs being broke into Columns from 
 the moment our cannon began to play) their right Column, 
 and the left of our line shock'd at our corner of the park of 
 Colwhiniach. Nothing could be more desperat than their 
 attack, or more properly receiv'd. Those in front were spitted 
 with the Bayonets ; those in Flank were tore in peices by the 
 musquetry and grape shot : their left Column made several 
 faint attacks on our right, but as the Battalions there never 
 fir'd a shot, they thought proper not to come too near, and in 
 about a quarter of an hour after haveing kill'd and wounded 
 about 300 of our men, with upwards of 1000 of their own 
 left lying on the spot, the whole first line gave way, and we 
 follow'd slowly. In the meantime General Hawley, a few 
 minutes before the fire began order'd 140 of the Campbells 
 to throw down part of the wall of Colwhiniac park, (which is 
 
THE BATTLE OF CULLODEN. 79 
 
 the brow of a hill enclos'd from the plain to the river Nairn) 
 and march'd his 5 Squadrons (which he afterwards divided 
 into ten) throw the enclosures, and leaving 2 little Squadrons 
 and the Campbells to attack the Lovvlanders behind the wall, 
 proceeded with the rest to attack the rear of the army and 
 Fitz James's horse. The lowlanders run off without fireing a 
 shot ; the whole second line followed their example, and the 
 first line which had just broke, you may beleive at this 
 mended their pace. You know the pursuit was very bloody, 
 and are no stranger to the other circumstances that follow'd. 
 The number of the Ennemy very much exceeded ours in the 
 morning but was considerably reduc'd before sun set, the 
 kill'd and prisoners amounting to upwards of 3,000 besides 
 numbers that crauld off and died in the woods. I beleive the 
 Clans never had so good a brush before, and if ever they are 
 Clans again will remember it for some generations ; his R: H: 
 will likewise teach them an important truth for them to 
 know, by showing them that they can retire to no mountain 
 so barren or so remote where he cannot in person lead and 
 subsist a sufficient force from his Majestie's army. We have 
 pretty well clear'd our neighbourhood about this place. Privat 
 Rebels who come in and surrender their arms, receive cer- 
 tificates and return unmolested to their homes, till his Majes- 
 ties further pleasure is known. Those who are found in arms 
 are order'd to be immediatly put to death, and the houses 
 of those who abscond are plunder' d and burnt, their cattle 
 drove, their ploughs and other tackle destroyed. We have 
 troops all along the East coast, and in the shires of Aber- 
 deen, Forfar and Angus. B r Mordaunt in his march to 
 Perth would not neglect Badmoth and Athole and his R 1 H. 
 with the army here proposeing very soon to march to Fort 
 Augustus will not fail to put some order in the West. We 
 have been here since the 24 th of last month and have not been 
 altogether idle. The M c Phersons have brought in all their 
 arms to Lord Loudoun in Badenoch ; we have entirely swept 
 Lochaber, in which at present there are but very few houses 
 standing, and have a party of 800 men out which is to clear 
 the Glen Ely, Knodiart, Moidart, and Ariseg ; that performed 
 
80 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 the Army will have little to do here as the Northern shires of 
 Southerland, Caithness, Ross and Straithnavaies are quiet and 
 we have put it out of the power of the others to give them or 
 us any disturbance. I fancy the Duke will set out in about a 
 week for Ed r where he will not remain above a night or two 
 being probably in hast to go to Flanders. 
 
 To His ROYAL HIGHNESS THE DUKE THE MEMORIAL 
 
 OF LIEU T COL L W M WRIGHT. 
 Humbly Sheweth 
 
 That the Memorialist had the Honour to present his 
 case to your Royal Highness in Jan ry last and was in hopes 
 that after the Rebels had retreated on your Royal Highness's 
 approach, they never would have dared to make a second 
 stand, and that he would have been liberated : But now their 
 insolence being severely chastis'd from the glorious victory 
 obtain'd over them by your Royal Highness's great conduct 
 and courage, so as to make it impossible for them ever to 
 come to a head again the Memorialist humbly begs your 
 Royal Highness will be pleas'd take his unhappy case into 
 your consideration, and order him releif that he may be per- 
 mitted to do his duty. His being debarred from it on this 
 occasion, was so sensible a mortification to him that it has 
 greatly impair'd his health and may prove fatal unless your 
 Royal Highness out of your great goodness shall be pleas'd 
 to release him. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO ] 
 
 DEAR SIR, C ' 746 ' ] 
 
 I was made happy last night by your giving me an 
 account of M r8 Coil's, I cannot call it, good luck, as it is so 
 vastly short of what she deserves ; yet as it is getting a kind 
 of victory over a worthless wretch it must give all her ac- 
 
SIR JOHN COPE TO CHARLES WHITEFOORD. 8 1 
 
 quaintance joy. It is surprising to see how little justice and 
 merit prevail over villainy and vice. The law by its practice 
 seems rather calculated to oppress the good and support the 
 bad. Otherwise the cruel useage of a barbarous brute to one 
 not the least worthy of her sex should have felt the whole 
 weight of the law and met with such punishment as the 
 wickedness of the crime deserv'd. I hope she'll have large 
 costs, soon get rid of her monster and meet with all the 
 happiness she deserves ; or may her judges become clients 
 and be married to such wives as will revenge her quarrel. 
 Your son is a very fine boy ; I assure you I had only to 
 mention his name to M r Mitchell who most readily offered 
 him all the service in his power and gives him a very good 
 character. We had a burnt offering of the Rebels' colours l 
 made to Pluto yesterday where Jack Ketch acted the part of 
 High Priest. There seemed the greatest joy in all the spec- 
 tators and I flatter myself the danger of the rebellion is over, 
 but it will require time to weed out the people. They have 
 got into their lurking holes and the moment the army is 
 taken away they'll appear again in bodies as they did in 
 Oliver Cromwell's time when they had a wild goose chase 
 for three years. 
 
 [SIR JOHN COPE TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 D r S r 
 
 What gives occasion to my writing you now is, I this 
 morning received a Letter from the secretary of War, ac- 
 quainting me that he has orders to prepare for his Majestie's 
 signing, on Munday, An Order for a board of General 
 Officers, consisting of Marshall Wade, Lord Tyrawley, Lord 
 Cadogan, Lieut. General Foliot, and the Duke of Richmond, 
 Who are to enquire into the Conduct and Behaviour of Me. 
 Brigadeer Fowke, and Coll. Lasscelles, And To Report what 
 they think fitt to be done. That a Court Martial may be 
 
 1 Scott's Tales of a Grandfather (ed. 1838), v. 358. 
 G 
 
83 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 appointed, if Matter fitt to be adjudged in a Court Martial 
 should appear, if not, their Opinion may finish this Enquiry 
 Either in my favour [as] he heartily hopes it will, or, in some 
 censure. 
 
 The points in my conduct which it imports me, especially, 
 to satisfy the board about are : 
 
 I st The Expedition used to Enable us to begin our march 
 Northward, without losing a moment from the time the march 
 was resolved upon To the day we left Stirling, and the 
 difficulty we had in getting Everything ready, between the 
 io th and 2i 8t of August, for our march. 
 
 3 d That the March was undertaken in full Expectation of 
 our being Joined upon our march by the well affected high- 
 landers, and, that it was not till we came to Crief that we found 
 we were not to be joined by any of them. 
 
 3 d That when we found our Expectations of being joined by 
 the well affected highlanders disappointed, we would have 
 returned to Stirling, or remained at Crief, but for the positive 
 orders from the Marquis of Tweeddale to march Northwards. 
 
 4 th That upon our receiving intelligence that we were to 
 be opposed at Corryerrich by the Rebells, the only party we 
 had to take was To march to Inverness. 
 
 5 th The pains taken at Inverness By the President, Lord 
 Lowdon, and me, to get a body of highlanders there to Join 
 us, by applications, particularly to Cromarty, Lovatt, &c. 
 
 6 th The Expedition used there To provide bread, &c. for 
 the March from thence, to Aberdeen. 
 
 7 th The dispatch used to get away from Aberdeen. 
 
 8 th The diligence with which we sett out for Edinburgh 
 after our landing at Dunbar, and the history of the battle at 
 prestonpanns. 
 
 As I am conscious to myself of the Zeal and rectitude of 
 my own intentions for promoting the service, in the whole of 
 this affair, and, that I did not omitt any one thing which I 
 had in my power to do, to further it, It is a very great happi- 
 ness to me that I had my Lord Lowdon, and you, to advise 
 with, and assist me, in the whole of it, And that I have Two 
 officers of so much Honor and Reputation to appeal to, To 
 
DEFENCE OF SIR JOHN COPE. 83 
 
 give Evidence to the board, in all of these matters. You 
 two were privy to, and consulted with, in every one step 
 I took, from the first to the last of these affairs, and you 
 were so good as to favour me with your advice and assistance 
 therein. I must therefore beg that you will put in writing 
 what may inform the Board, fully and fairly, of the truth, on 
 all these several particulars. And send it to me as soon as 
 possible. As to the form of it, it may be, in a letter to me 
 in answer to the notice I here give you. 
 I am, 
 
 D'S* 
 
 Your most obedient humble 
 Ser* 
 
 J no COPE. 
 CONDUIT STREET 2 d Aug* 1746. 
 
 To Lieut. Coll. Whitefoord. 
 
 LIEUT.-COL L WHITEFOORD'S DEFENCE OF SIR JOHN COPE l . 
 
 SIR, 
 
 I have the Honor of yours of the 2 d informeing me that 
 his Majesty has been pleas'd to appoint a board of General 
 Officers, to enquire into yours, Brigad r Fowkes's and Col 1 
 Lascelles's conduct and behaviour, and desireingme to transmit 
 to you what I remember of that affair. By your order I kept 
 a journal but haveing lost everything on the fatal day of 
 action, I have onely my memory to trust to, so may have 
 forgot many circumstances that would now be material. On 
 the first notice of the Pretender's son's landing you consulted 
 with those employ'd by the Ministry, wrote circular letters 
 to the well affected gentlemen of interest to raise their Clans 
 to join you, got your troops assembled at Stirling, and 
 prepar'd everything to take the feild with the utmost expedi- 
 tion ; bread was orderM to be bak'd, and stores of all kinds 
 that were necessary, were got ready with all the dispatch 
 possible, as will appear by the evidence of those whose 
 
 1 This letter formed the basis of Colonel Whitefoord's defence of Cope which 
 was read at the Court Martial. Vide Report of Proceedings, pp. 44-50. 
 
 G 3 
 
84 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 province it was to provide them. About the io th (I think) 
 was your first notice and by the 19 th one Regiment of 
 Dragoons, 2 Comp 8 of Lord John Murray's Highlanders 
 without broad swords, 5 Comp 8 of Lee's, Murray's Reg* and 
 8 Companys of Lascells' assembled at Stirling with 4 Coehorns 
 and 4 Gallopers, provisions &c. The other 2 Comp 8 of 
 Lascells' were thrown into the Castle, and Hamilton's 
 Dragoons into the Suburbs to defend the Toun of Edenburgh. 
 The country through which you was to march, not being 
 practicable for Dragoons to act in, you left Gardiner's Reg* 
 at Stirling, and knowing the country to be barren [and] un- 
 inhabited, which oblidg'd you to carry provisions and every- 
 thing you had occasion for with you, you forbid all useless 
 people from following the Camp, and gave orders to carry no 
 more baggage than was absolutely necessary. On the 2o th you 
 march'd to Creiff with all, except Lascells, who requir'd a day 
 more to get the tent equipage in order. Spare arms were also 
 carried to Creiff, but on the Duke of Athol's, Lord Glenorchy's 
 and Glengary's telling you they could bring no body out, you 
 sent the arms back to Stirling. On the 2i 8t Lascells joined 
 you, and the 22 d you march'd to Amelry ; haveing a greater 
 demand for horses than could be easily provided ; from the 
 weakness of them, and the backwardness of the country 
 people, who us'd to rip up the sacks, destroy the provisions, 
 and run off with horse loads entire, into the woods, which it 
 was impossible to prevent, the passes being narrow, and vast 
 crowds of people, the days marches were short at first. On 
 the 23 rd to Tay bridge. Here on giveing orders again to 
 lighten the baggage, part was left, and you made a disposi- 
 tion for your 1 [army in case of being attacked by the Rebels ; 
 and on your March kept always Highlanders advanc'd, ex- 
 tended to the Right and Left, with trusty officers who were 
 to make Signals, in case of the Enemy's lying lurking on the 
 Hills, whose quick Motions in that Ground would not admit 
 of your forming in the ordinary way. You, by this, was in 
 order to receive them in three Minutes. The 24 th at Trinisuir, 
 
 1 Here a sheet is missing in the Whitcfoord MSS. It may however be easily 
 supplied from the Report. 
 
DEFENCE OF SIR JOHN COPE. 85 
 
 the 25 th to Dalmacardoch, the 26 th to Dalwhinny. At Dai- 
 whinny you was met by Cluny M c Pherson, a Captain in Lord 
 Loudon's Regiment, whom you ordered to join you the next 
 Day with his Company. You had also Information by Sir 
 Patrick Murray, who had sent some of his own People among 
 the Rebels for Intelligence of the Enemy's being in Posses- 
 sion of the strong Passes of the Corriarrick and Snug- 
 borough, with their Disposition, which was reported to you 
 by good Authority to be, that, in hollow ways or Water- 
 Courses, they had Bodies of Men posted to flank you as you 
 was to attempt to mount the Hill, which required seventeen 
 Traverses to make it accessible. These were also lined with 
 Men and sleeping Batteries of 24 one Pounders, Brass Guns ; 
 on the top of the Hill, they had another Body; and at the 
 Foot 800 were to lie concealed, as were all the rest till you 
 entered on the Mountain. These numbers were believed to 
 amount to 2500 ; besides, the Bridge between Corriarrick and 
 Snugborough was said to be broken down, where they had 
 another Body of upwards of 500. Captain Thomson and 
 Lieutenant Fergusson, and some other Officers of the Royal, 
 who had been made Prisoners by the Rebels, on their return 
 informed you, that they saw the above Guns, and 2500 of the 
 Highlanders reviewed some Time before, and heard them say, 
 they were resolved to wait for you in some of these Passes. 
 
 On this Emergency you assembled the Feild-Officers and 
 Commanders of Corps for their Opinion ; to whom it appear- 
 ing, that you had positive Orders to march to Fort Augustus, 
 which as the Enemy was posted there, was unanimously 
 thought impracticable ; then it came under consideration, 
 what was best to be done for his Majesty's service. It 
 appeared, from the Information of the Gentlemen, who knew 
 the Country, that the Rebels, lightly armed, and free of Bag- 
 gage, could easily get before them into the Low Country: 
 or, if they had a Mind, should you attempt to retreat the 
 way you came to Stirling, they had only to break down the 
 Bridges, destroy the roads before and behind you, so render 
 it impossible either to advance or retreat, there being Rivers 
 to repass vastly rapid, the Banks perpendicular, on each Side 
 
86 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 of the Road generally a Morass, and so many strong Passes, 
 that, had the Enemy posted a few men in them, and taken 
 these advantages, we must have been all destroyed. This 
 was exposing the Army to utter Ruin ; which was a great 
 Part of the Troops at that Time in Great Britain : that it 
 would by] a Retreat, intimidat our freinds and raise the 
 spirits of the Rebels. To stay at Garymore was impossible, 
 there being but three days bread. Besides by your advanceing 
 to Inverness you secur'd the Lords in the north, kept all the 
 waverers from joining the Rebels and gave an opportunity to 
 the King's freinds to join you which, from the measures you 
 had taken, and the assurances given you, you had great 
 reason to believe would be the case. Major M c Kay l show'd 
 an association, between Lords Southerland and Rae, and 
 promis'd from these clans 500 disciplin'd men, in the Dutch 
 service, to be led by himself. The Companies of Lord 
 Loudoun's Regiment 2 , the Grants, Monroes and others were 
 thought to be too considerable, not to give them an oppor- 
 tunity of joining ; the impossibility of retreating to Stirling, 
 the folly of staying at Garymore and the certainty of an 
 augmentation to your small army, determin'd your march to 
 Inverness. But as you was sure by the constant desertions 
 from you, that the Rebels were too well inform'd of all your 
 motions, you, by a feint to Garymore, in order to pass the 
 Correyarick, made them continue in their post and, fileing off 
 to the right, by a forc'd march pass'd the Spey and encamp'd 
 that night at Ruthven, out of which you took part of a 
 Company of Gen 1 Guise's Reg* leaving onely a Sergeant's 3 
 command to defend the Barracks. On the 28 th by another 
 forc'd march you got to Dalrackne. escap'd being attack'd in 
 the strong pass of Stockmuik, [and] on the 29 th by another 
 forc'd march you arrived at Inverness. The provisions being 
 much wasted and expended, your demand for horses was less, 
 
 1 Alexander M c Kay. 
 
 2 Lord Loudoun had been granted authority to raise a regiment in the High- 
 lands some time before the outbreak of the rebellion. When that took place there 
 were 750 men assembled at Inverness and 500 at Perth, forming a battalion of 
 twelve companies. [General Stewart's Sketches, ii. 49, 52, 53.] 
 
 3 Sergeant Molloy and twelve men. Vide Molloy's letter to Cope, Aug. 30, 
 1745. {Hist. Rec. 6th Foot, 63, 64.] 
 
DEFENCE OF SIR JOHN COPE. 87 
 
 so by feints and forc'd marches you depriv'd the Ennemy of 
 useing the advantages, the ground gave them in numberless 
 places, where a few men rightly disposd might stop a great 
 army. 
 
 On your arrival at Inverness, you, with Lord Loudoun and 
 the President, us'd your utmost endeavours (as indeed you had 
 done all along on the march) to get the well affected Clans to 
 join you, but the fear of exposeing their own country to the 
 fury and resentment of the Rebels, prov'd too strong for your 
 arguments. 160 of the Monroes came to you and they onely 
 for a fortnight, pretending the necessity of their being at 
 home for their harvest. The M c Kays and Southerlands were at 
 too great a distance, and your impatience to be South was 
 too strong to admit of your waiting their comeing up. On 
 your first arrival, the whole Bakers were employ'd in pre- 
 pareing bread with the utmost expedition, and as you saw the 
 necessity of being soon in the South, and the impossibility of 
 getting to Edenburgh before the Rebels by land, you resolv'd 
 and sent to Leith for a number of Transports, to carry your 
 army by sea, that being the onely mean left, to get there before 
 them, which had the wind been favourable as your diligence 
 was great, would have been the case haveing march'd (part of 
 the army) from Stirling to Inverness, and from Inverness to 
 Aberdeen, without one days halt. In order to shorten (as it 
 greatly would) the navigation, and save time as much as 
 possible, after you got your bread for your march, which 
 precaution was necessary, Glenbuckit with his men being then 
 in that country, you set out from Inverness the 4 th Sep tr , 
 takeing with you one company l of Gen 1 Guise's, and part of 
 Lord Loudoun's Reg* with two more 5^ inch shells and two 
 more Gallopers, leaving behind you the sick, Major M c Kenzie 
 and Captain M c lntosh. You sent me forward to Aberdeen to 
 secure Transports there, and in the Adjacent ports, in case of 
 an accident to those from Leith (done too without any 
 additional expence to the government), provide bread and 
 shoes for the men, should the motion of the Rebels make 
 
 1 ? Two companies under Captains Pointz and Holwell [ib. 65]. 
 
88 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 you march by land. In that event I had your orders to 
 provide boats in order to enable you to pass the Tay. Thus 
 you was provided to follow the method the most expedient 
 for his Maj 8 service. On the wensday your army arriv'd at 
 Aberdeen, and the Transports in the Bay, but did not get 
 into the Harbour till thursday. That day and friday, stores, 
 baggage, water and provisions of all kinds being ready 
 provided, were embark'd, Saturday the men march'd down to 
 embark but the wind proveing contrary, and as it would 
 consume the provisions to have the men on board, you order'd 
 them back to the Camp that night. On Sunday in one tide 
 you embark'd the whole army, even against the opinion of 
 the sea people, and got out to the Bay, but the ebb tide 
 comeing on, you could not proceed till 7 at night. On monday 
 it prov'd sometimes calm, and sometimes the wind contrary, 
 so that you did not reach the Firth till night, where you got 
 the melancholy news of Edenburgh's haveing capitulated. 
 This oblig'd you to land at Dunbar, which you did on tuesday 
 and encamp'd there, join'd by Gardiner's and Hamilton's 
 Dragoons without their tents or picquets, haveing made a 
 precipitat retreat from Edenburgh. Tuesday and wensday 
 were employ'd in landing the Stores &c. and holding a 
 Council of war but the day was too far spent to allow you to 
 march tho' you proposed it. You made a new order of battle 
 being resolv'd to fight the Rebels as soon as possible. You also 
 sent out boats to sea, with eventual orders for the Commander 
 of the Dutch troops, and on thursday march'd to Hadding- 
 ton, being oblidg'd to stay there on account of want of water 
 farther on. At Dunbar and Haddington you had various in- 
 formations of the Rebels, and was joined by a small body of 
 volunteers under the command of M r Drummond * one of the 
 
 1 George Drummond. At Prestonpans he 'w d needs fight among the dragoons, 
 mounted on an old dragoon horse of Mr. Mathie's, q h he bought for 4 and 
 employed in drawing his cart. He could not get up to the right to join Gardiner's 
 dragoons, as he intended, before the scuffle began, and therefore joyned Hamilton's, 
 by whom he was swept away out of the field, to his great good luck and my great 
 comfort. He is now at Berwick, acting the part of secretary to Gen 1 Cope.' 
 [General Wightman to the Lord President, Sept. 26, 1745. Culloden Papers, 225.] 
 He gave evidence at the Court Martial on Cope {Report of Proceedings, 76, 83], 
 and died Dec. 4, 1766, aged 80 {Gent. Magazine (1766), 599]. 
 
DEFENCE OF SIR JOHN COPE. 89 
 
 Commissioners of Excise. These you thought proper to em- 
 ploy, as being acquainted in the country, to bring you constant 
 intelligence of the Enemies motions. On Friday you march'd 
 again, intending to encamp to the westward of Mapleburgh 
 that night, in order to have but a little way to march next 
 day before you attack'd the Rebels, so sent Lord Loudoun and 
 me l to mark out the ground. On our way we saw the Rebels 
 marching towards us, on which, we return'd and gave you im- 
 mediat notice, and you drew up your army in order of battle 
 in the Feild of Prestonpanns. This feild had to the west a 
 stone wall, to the South a ditch and morass ditch, to the East 
 Seatoun house and parks, to the North Prestonpanns and the 
 sea. The Rebels reconnoitred you, but did not think proper to 
 attack you then in that situation, so they march'd Eastward 
 and took possession of Tranent churchyard to the South of you 
 out of which you dislodg'd them w e your cannon after change- 
 ing your front. They then made several different motions, 
 which oblig'd you to do so too. In the evening they return'd 
 Westward, and lay on the hill South from you, which way 
 you fronted and lay on your arms all night. You took posses- 
 sion of Col 1 Gardiner's house and secur'd the pass on the 
 South West angle of the feild. There were no other ways for 
 the Enemy to get in but by two defiles on the South East 
 angle and one on the North West angle. These you guarded 
 by the two Squadrons of Dragoons from the Corps de Reserve, 
 who had orders to continue patroleing constantly, and to 
 bring you intelligence of the Ennemies motions. You would 
 too have continued throweing Coehorns in the night, but by 
 the experiments you had made, you found that few of them 
 bursted, which you apprehended if they perceiv'd, would take 
 off their fear of them. You regretted the want of gunners and 
 got six men, from the men of war, to supply their place, and 
 sent to Gen 1 Guest for the Ingeneer, and Gunner, from Ed r 
 Castle, who unluckily missing their way never reach'd you. 
 You also concerted with Gen 1 Guest, that he should beat 
 down a part of the toun wall should the Rebels keep within 
 the toun, in order to admit your troops ; after you had secur'd 
 
 1 And the Earl of Home. 
 
9 o 
 
 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 pus 
 
 J L 
 
 Order of Battle 
 
 al- Preston Pans 
 
 
 
 Col' 
 
 
 
 
 jnG f~ini 
 
 $ LJCant 
 
 miinoooooor i 
 Intitl 1 i 
 
 io/j| r i OQ ^ 
 
 DDV 
 
 L 
 
 o> 
 
 t! < 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 *> ^ 
 
 O 1 
 
 *>*" 
 
 1 1 
 
 n r 
 
 n * 
 
 i r 
 
 Orc/,er of Battle intended 
 Sir John Cope 
 
 Brig r Fowke 
 Co/- Gardiner Col'Lascellee 
 
 no' 
 
 100000 o 
 
 DO 
 
 Corps de Reserve 
 
 THE BATTLE OF PRESTONPANS. 
 (From Colonel Whitefoord's Papers on the defence of Sir John Cope.) 
 
DEFENCE OF SIR JOHN COPE. 91 
 
 all the avenues and posted people wherever it was possible for 
 the Ennemy to come in upon you, you order' d the whole to 
 lie on their arms all night. Then I went to the Cannon and 
 had not the honor of speaking to you from that time. In the 
 night three large fires were made, and one shell was thrown; 
 in the morning when it was reported they were comeing in 
 upon you, you had your front to change from South to East. 
 For want of Gunners you was oblig'd to keep the Cannon all 
 together on the right, tho' about the beginning of the action I 
 receiv'd your orders to send three peices to the left, which 
 was not done, occasion'd I think by the horses being taken 
 off and gone away. The Ennemy was drawn up in two lines 
 consisting (as I was told by some of the cheif of them) of 
 5500 men 3 deep, but on my fireing the cannon the first line 
 open'd in the Center form'd a column to the left, and advanc'd 
 on me with a swiftness not to be conceiv'd. When I saw them 
 as I thought in confusion, I call'd to Lieut. Col 1 Whitney 1 of 
 Col 1 Gardiner's that now was his time to attack them ; he 
 gave orders to march and his squadron mov'd a little way 
 towards them, but on a few dropping shot from the High- 
 landers, the Dragoons immediately turned their backs and 
 run off with the greatest precipitation. Their pannick com- 
 municated itself to the foot, and all ran shamefully away 
 without making the least resistance, few haveing fir'd more 
 than once. As to your personal behaviour that day I must 
 be silent onely on account of not haveing had the honor of 
 being with you, (haveing continued all night with the cannon, 
 the post you was pleased to assign me, where alas the sudden 
 flight of the whole people I had to assist me who carried with 
 them the pouder horns, left me onely the power of fireing the 
 guns that were loaded and prim'd, so depriv'd me of being of 
 the use I wish'd to be ; M r Griffiths had the same fate with 
 the Coehorns and both of us were made prisoners), but as I 
 had often heard you express your sentiments, your intentions, 
 and the motives that induc'd you at the different periods to 
 
 1 Shuckburgh Whitney was appointed Lieut-Colonel of the I3th (Gardiner's) 
 Dragoons, June 20, 1739. He was killed at the battle of Falkirk. [Hist. Rec. 
 \$th Light Dragoons, 16, 96.] 
 
92 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 follow the measures you did, I hope I shall not be thought 
 troublesome, if I sum them up as far as my own memory serves 
 me. On the first notice your whole time, night and day, was 
 employ'd, in consulting with the Administration here, pro- 
 videing everything that was necessary, and assembling your 
 small army, compos'd of the last rais'd troops in Great 
 Britain ; as Murray's Reg* was to be releived, in their 
 different cantonements, by Gen 1 Guise's, you could not march 
 them sooner than releiv'd, without exposeing these posts to 
 be seis'd by the Highlanders, whose motions are quick and 
 their information in that part of the country good. When 
 you propos'd going north, and attacking the Rebels, their 
 numbers were small, and you thought you might be with 
 them before they came to any considerable head, so nip them 
 in the bud. I am sorry to say too, that this your commend- 
 able zeal and diligence, by the act of y e disaffected, became 
 the subject of most people's mirth, few crediting so romantick 
 an enterprise. When you found the hopes you had conceiv'd 
 of being join'd by the well affected frustrated, and the number 
 of the Rebels so considerably encreas'd, you would have 
 continued to cover the South Country, had you not had 
 positive orders to march north, and attack them ; thus no 
 latitude being left you in obedience to command, you set 
 forward from Creiff. At Dalwhining, your concern was not to 
 be express'd, on your information of the situation and 
 numbers of the Rebels. The bad consequences that attended 
 either advanceing or retreating, appear'd strong both ways, 
 and liable to great objections which the event could only 
 justifie ; but the danger to the common cause by retreating, 
 joined to the unanimous opinion of the principal officers, the 
 positive orders from Court, then the certain junction of so 
 many of the well affected clans, would be such an addition of 
 strength, to the King's forces ; and which you must have 
 been deprived of, if you had not gone north, and as you were 
 perswaded by the Gentlemen who knew the Country that the 
 Rebels could get South before you at any rate, you could not 
 excuse yourself, not giveing them the opportunity of joining 
 you, then to return and attack the Ennemy on more equal 
 
DEFENCE OF SIR JOHN COPE. 93 
 
 terms : that you failed, was what you regretted extreamly 
 but certainly it was not your fault, all the arguments 
 possible being us'd by you in vain to perswade them : then 
 you march'd from Inverness to Aberdeen in such haste, and 
 by your precaution had everything there in such readiness 
 for your embarkation, that you landed at Dunbar the very 
 day the Rebels took possession of Ed r . On your arrival at 
 Dunbar, the news of the Ennemies success gave you the 
 utmost pain. They were elated, and daily joined by numbers, 
 so that to delay attacking them was to fight them at a 
 greater disadvantage ; all along on the march, by rideing 
 through the ranks and encourageing the men, you had rais'd 
 their spirits to such a degree that all express'd the strongest 
 desire for action. Even the Dragoons breathed nothing but 
 revenge, and threaten'd the Rebels with destruction. On 
 the other hand the Dutch troops were expected, but un- 
 certain, delays were dangerous, orders positive, regular troops, 
 superior to militia, and your zeal for his maj 8 service so 
 strong, that you thought you could not too soon put an end 
 to the Rebellion, which would have been the case, in all 
 probability, had the behaviour of the troops answer'd the 
 expectations of the General, the Highlanders haveing Broke in 
 such a manner, that a Reg 4 of Dragoons must have cut them 
 to peices. I now conclude repeting the badness of my 
 memory, and the confusedness of tKis account. Its defects I 
 hope will be made up by others more distinct. It must give 
 everyone concern, who saw the indefatigable pains you took, 
 rewarded with the blame of the censorious world but I flatter 
 myself from the honor and capacity of the board of General 
 Officers, to whome your innocence and zeal must appear in so 
 strong a light, that I do not in the least doubt of their 
 approveing of your conduct, which will afford me a most 
 sensible pleasure as I Have the Honor to be with the greatest 
 esteem and regard 1 . 
 
 1 The following was the report of the Court Martial : 
 
 ' We are unanimously of opinion, that Sir John Cope made all the proper and 
 necessary preparations for the support of the troops, with as much dispatch as 
 he was able, both at Edinburgh and Stirling. That he also made the proper 
 applications to the Chiefs of the Clans, that were reputed to be well-affected to your 
 
y4 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD'S CLAIM ON GENERAL 
 WYNYARD.] 
 
 The Ballance of the vacant Company in Gen 1 Wynyards 
 late Regim* of Marines Stated for the Subce. of that Comp y 
 Including the Warrant men from 25 Octo r 1739 to the 24 June 
 1740 was paid to Gen 1 Wynyard, there being no Captain to 
 the Comp y and came to 198 i2s. %d. 
 
 N.B. Lord Maitland 1 was first Appointed to that Comp y 
 the 9 th Dec r 1739, and afterwards succeeded by Col 1 White- 
 foord the 14 Janry who continued Capt. till the 4 April 
 1740. 
 
 Examin'd and Allow'd of this Acco* of Subsce. to 24 June 
 1740, for the Vacant Company late Cap* Whitefoords and 
 taken up the Vouchers and I do hereby Acknowledge to have 
 Received Credit in my person 1 Ace* for the Ballance bring 
 One Hundred Ninety Eight pounds Twelve Shillings and 8 d 
 as witness my hand this 21 July 1740. 
 
 Sign'd : JOHN WYNYARDE. 
 
 Majesty and Government, for them to join your Majesty's troops. That he used 
 all possible diligence and expedition before and on his march to Dalwhinney, 
 considering the difficulties and disappointments he met with. That his attacking 
 the rebels on the Corryarrick, without prospect of success, was impracticable. 
 That his march to Inverness is justified by the unanimous opinion of the Council 
 of War, and the repeated assurances of being joined on the march, and at 
 Inverness, by the clans that were reputed to be well-affected to your Majesty and 
 Government ; of which he afterwards found himself disappointed, except by 200 
 Monroes, who marched with him from Inverness to Aberdeen. That his going to 
 Aberdeen, and then by sea to Dunbar, was the only proper measure he had left to 
 take. That Sir John Cope's disposition of his body of troops on the field of action 
 was judicious, and the ground on which they were engaged (according to the plan 
 and description of many officers who were present) appears to have been well 
 chosen. That he did his duty as an officer, both before, at, and after the action : 
 and his personal behaviour was without reproach ; and that the misfortune of the 
 day of action was owing to the shameful behaviour of the private men, and not to 
 any misconduct or misbehaviour of Sir John Cope, or any of the officers under his 
 command. . . . Upon the whole, we are unanimously of opinion, that Sir John 
 Cope's behaviour has been unblameable ; and that there is no ground for accusation 
 against the said Sir John Cope, Colonel Peregrine Lascelles or Brigadier-General 
 Thomas Fowke/ {London Gazette, Nov. 1-4, 1746.] 
 1 Afterwards 7th Earl of Laudeidale. 
 
DISPUTE WITH GENERAL WYNYARD. 95 
 
 [CAPTAIN ALEX. WILSON TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 SIR, 
 
 On my return on Tuesday evening I found your letter 
 of the 22 d Instant about yo r claim on Lieut. Gen 1 Wynyard, 
 but had not opportunity till the 25 th in the morning to 
 mention it to him : he very readily consented to pay the 
 Proportion for your time and Lord Maitland's amounting to 
 .132 i$s. iod. which terminates with the Date of your 
 Commission in Col 1 Gooch's Reg 1 the 4 th of Aprile 1740, 
 but thinks your Claim can reach no further, and really I 
 cannot recollect any precedents thereof, tho' I have look'd 
 back into what has past in all Reg te for which I have been 
 concerned: however annexed is a State of that Affaire and 
 therein you will observe Credite for the Serg te Corp 18 Drum 
 and 30 Add 18 from 24 th Dec r 1739 to that Period who were 
 not all raised then, as will appear by the Subs ce Acc t8 of the 
 Paym" att Quarters : then some officers owtrunn in Recruiting 
 during this Period, as by the Annexed, T V h part of which 
 stands properly a Charge here but at present is posted to the 
 times subsequent and allowed in the General Recruiting Acc ts 
 but on Enquirys may be bro e back to this : further the 
 Savings or supposed perquisites may in those times of Strict 
 examination into the army occonomy, if not call back such a 
 Douceur, at least occasion future Restraints and Censures on 
 the Chargeable way of raising the Army mentioned often by 
 those of both Houses who were in the Opposition in those 
 days. 
 
 As to Interest, I really could not ask it, being not demand- 
 able in an open Ace*, and supposing you had even paid such 
 a Sum to Gen 1 Wynyard on his Rec* or Note, if Interest was 
 not expressed therein, none could be claim'd : this has often 
 happened to me to my disadvantage. 
 
 As to what in yo r letter you take notice of 'that His 
 Majesty continued to the ffield officers of the Americans 
 the command of their companys as a ffund to buy their 
 camp equipage' I say I have not heard before of such an 
 order : but in the Marines there was an Order for giving the 
 
96 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Respitted Pay to the officers Subalterns towards buying their 
 Tents and Beds ; that Respitted Pay was from the Com- 
 mencem* of the Marine Establishm* the 25 th of Oct r 1739 to 
 the Respective days of the dates of their Commissions, and 
 this was done by warrant : I believe it was only for Sub- 
 alterns, but as I did not think on this till here I refer to 
 Mr. Stewart to look into that warr* and let you know : for if 
 for the Captains then yo r Claime lyes on Lord Maitland now 
 Earl of Lauderdale for 37 days pay from 25 th Oct r 1739 to 
 the 8 th Dec* fol both inclusive. 
 
 L* Gen 1 Wynyard directed me to pay to you the Sum of 
 One Hundred Thirty Two Pounds Thirteen Shill 8 and ten 
 pence, so waites your Acceptance and Order, which he said 
 had he sooner adverted to, would have been sooner paid, this 
 is all I can say, and hope you will believe, as it really is from 
 no manner of Interested view, but from my inclinations to 
 reconcile friends and prevent disputes which seldom fail of 
 hurting both parties. 
 
 I am S ir y r most obedient 
 
 humble Servant 
 ALEX' WILSON. 
 
 Cowley 27 th Aug. 1748. 
 L*-Coll. Charles Whitefoord at Chatham in Kent. 
 
 [A STATE OF THE CASE BETWIXT GEN 1 . WYNYARD AND 
 CoL 1 . CHARLES WHITEFOORD, Viz.] 
 
 On the Raising of the Regiment of Marines under the 
 Command of Gen 1 Wynyard Lord James Maitland was made 
 a Captain therein the 9 th Dec r 1736, and Continued a Captain 
 in that Regiment till the 13 th Janry 1739-40 when he Ex- 
 changed his Company with Col 1 Whiteford who then had a 
 Company in Col 1 Pagett's Regiment in Minorca and was 
 there. 
 
 Col 1 Whitefoord Continued a Captain in Gen 1 Wynyard's 
 Regim* of Marines from the J4 th Janry to the 4 th April 1740, 
 when he was made Major to the American Regiment but was 
 
DISPUTE WITH GENERAL WYNYARD. 97 
 
 not during all that time in England. Cap* Robert Boyle 
 Succeeded to that Company the n th May 1740. 
 
 By Agreement betwixt the Field Officers and Captains 
 Present it was Resolv'd to Recruit the Regiment in General 
 and that when Compleat Each Company was to bear a tenth 
 part of Recruiting charge, and to have each a tenth part of 
 the Savings. 
 
 The 9 th July 1740 the Gen 1 Ace* was Stated Sign'd and 
 Approv'd of by the Field Officers and Captains present, 
 and Each Company's proportion of the charge thereof was 
 410 IQS. %\d. which was carried to the debit of their Respective 
 Company's Acco t8 . 
 
 The Company's Credit was the Levey Money of 100 Men 
 at 40" Each with the Subsce. of 3 Serg* 8 3 Corp 18 2 Drums 
 and 70 private men with the two Warrant Men from 25 th 
 October 1739 to 24 th Decem r following, and from that time 
 to the 24 th June 1740, for 4 Serg* 8 4 Corp 18 3 Drums and 100 
 men with the two Warrant Men ; but the 30 Additional Men 
 were not compleat. The Ballance due on Settling this Com- 
 pany's Acco* to the 24 th June 1740 with Gen 1 Wynyard the 
 2i 8t July 1740 was 198 12s. 8d. 132 13^. icW. was in Lord 
 Maitland's and Colonel Whitefoord's time, and 6$ i8s. lod. 
 in Cap* Boyle's time who left it to Gen 1 Wynyard. 
 
 Col 1 Whitefoord Claims the whole of this Ballance, Alledging 
 that the Field Officers were Allow'd the Benefit of Raising the 
 Companys from which they were taken in order to Furnish 
 Field Equipage &c. they having no Companys in the 
 American Regiment ; he likewise says he left to Lord Mait- 
 land all the Non Effective Money &c. of the Company in 
 Minorca, therefore was to have all for his Lordships time. 
 
 As the Regiment Recruited in General no Estimate could 
 be made till the 24 th June 1740, to v/hich time the Acco t8 were 
 Ballanced. 
 
 H 
 
98 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [THE EARL OF LAUDERDALE TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 g IR HATTON, Sept. 9 th , 1748. 
 
 I hereby empower you to act for me in order to recover 
 any nonefective money due to me while in Genii: Wynyard's 
 Reg* and your discharge of y e said nonefective money to y e 
 Collonell or Agent of y* Reg* shall be as vallid to them upon 
 that accop* as If I had sighned it Myself. 
 
 Yours &c 
 
 LAUDERDALE. 
 
 To L* Collonell Whitefoord. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO CAPTAIN ALEX. WILSON.] 
 MY DEAR SIR, CHATHAM, Sept. 8s 1748- 
 
 I am very much oblidg'd to you for yours of the 6 th 
 which I had the pleasure to receive yesterday, and am under 
 the greatest concern that the dispute betwixt Gen 1 Wynyard 
 and me should occasion you so much trouble. An apology 
 for not answering me sooner was quite needless. I have too 
 just an opinion of you, ever to entertain the least suspicion of 
 your fmesseing any body to their prejudice. The fact, stampt 
 with the authority of your single evidence, is as convincing to 
 me, as the testimony of the 12 Apostles, and as your probity 
 and Capacity go in an equal scale, haveing your opinion, 
 I would not apply even to Pallas self. Therefor you need 
 not take the trouble to speak to Capt n Wilkinson, or anybody, 
 but do for me as seemeth good to you, and I shall be satisfied. 
 But as you seem to think I have been remiss, in order to 
 justifie my conduct, please know, that before I went abroad, 
 I did ask of M r Stewart a state of my Account, who show'd 
 me one, consisting of four Articles viz. my net pay, two sums 
 of subsistance to my company, and my warrant men which 
 I repaid him after my return from the West Indies, and did 
 not sign the book. He might have observ'd surprise in my 
 looks, tho' delicacy kept me from saying much, and when he 
 settled the Accounts in the Isle of Wight, I did not see him 
 
DISPUTE WITH GENERAL WYNYARD. 99 
 
 the whole time, or know anything of it, being close with 
 L d Cathcart in Carrisbroke Castle, and he I suppose at 
 Newport. 
 
 I advanc'd too, that the Reg* was compleat; the Gen 1 
 himself led me into that mistake, for by his returning it so 
 to L d Cathcart the Gen 1 had then his Maj 8 good opinion of 
 him, for being so diligent an officer, but now, when he's to 
 account with me, he wanted 164 men. I am at a loss to 
 know at which time the Gen 1 was mistaken, for they cannot 
 both be true, yet it turns out so luckily for him, that on the 
 one hand he has all the merit of the most alert officer, on the 
 other, all the advantage, that the profits of a weak Company 
 could give him. That is being ambo dexter indeed : I did 
 not, I protest, suspect the Gen 1 then, but L d Maitland, therefor 
 waited till I saw him, when he clear'd himself. My next 
 application was to the Gen 1 , the very day after I came to 
 toun. As the disputants were in different distant parts of the 
 world, I could not do it sooner ; but not to mince the matter 
 with you, I am master of such evidence, as will convince any 
 man, that the Gen 1 meant to have the perquisites of my 
 Comp. to himself; yet you always put it on the footing (from 
 an excess of charity) of a mistake in the Gen 1 , and an open 
 account betwixt him and me, when there was no such thing, 
 but the light it appears to me in, is, that the Gen 1 in the year 
 1740, took from me, without my knowledge or consent, a 
 sume of money, which he applied to his own use, and has 
 had interest for ever since. You say he was Trustee. If he 
 was so, who employed him? If he was mine, then I shall 
 hardly court that honour again ; now when I detect this 
 Trustee, he tells me he kept my money as a deposite. To 
 show you, I had occasion for it then, my brother Hugh and I 
 borrow'd 1200, a small proof that I would not give the 
 Gen 1 the plague of keeping my money. Therefor he could 
 not do it to oblidge me, and if he did it to hurt me, why 
 should not I resent it ? but as I onely ask barely my own, the 
 Gen 1 should not scruple paying me. Jam pridem equidem 
 nos vera rerum vocabula amisimus; if a man seises my 
 property, without my knowledge or consent, to my prejudice, 
 
 H a 
 
100 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 he tells me he 's my Trustee, and if I ask for it at the end of 
 8 years, I am a mutineer ! Suppose one was to go to your 
 house, and without your knowledge to take 200, when you 
 came to discover it, at a considerable distance of time, would 
 you be satisfied with the restitution of the principal ? or look 
 on that man as a faithfull trustee ? If the Gen 1 has a right to 
 the princ 1 he has a right to the In*, but if he has no right 
 to the princ 1 , it must follow of course, that he has no right to 
 the Interest, therefor both are as they ought to be mine. 
 Thus I rest my plea, and submit all to your better judge- 
 ment. 
 
 P. S. I was one of the first nominated Feild officers to 
 the Americans. I do allow that it was a mistake, the com- 
 mencement of the perquisites. 
 
 [WILLIAM CUNINGHAME TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 MY D r Co 11 PRIVICK, 5^/. 4 th [1749]. 
 
 You may believe me when I say without flattery it gives 
 me real pain when I am dissapointed of any opportunity of 
 being with you. The case is thus. S r Harry Erskine 1 is 
 just now come to the Country to offer his service for the 
 Borroughs in Parlia mt . You may guess what obligation I am 
 under (from our freindship) to doe him all the civility in my 
 power. Therefore must beg leave to put off my Carrick 
 jaunt. I beg my cornp* 8 to M r Whitefoord 2 ; tell him 
 M r Hamilton will be here friday morning and if he'll doe 
 me the favour to breakfast here in passing to Ayr we shall 
 end our business. 
 
 I am D r S r 
 
 Your most obe* ser* 
 
 WILL CUNINGHAME. 
 
 1 Sir Harry Erskine, fifth baronet of Alva and Cambuskenneth, was returned 
 M.P. for the Ayrshire Burghs on Dec. 29, 1749, in the room of Charles Erskine, 
 who died June 25, 1 749. ^Return of Members of Parliament (1878), Part ii. 107.] 
 There is a life of Sir Harry Erskine in the Dictionary of National Biography. 
 Vide also Hist. Rec. Royal Regt. of Foot, 271. 
 
 2 Allan Whitefoord. 
 
CHARLES WHITEFOORD TO MRS. STEWART. IOI 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO MRS. JOHN STEWART l .] 
 
 MADAM, [February, 175-] 
 
 I had the Honour of yours of the I st and condole with 
 you most sincerely on the melancholy occasion of it. An 
 acquaintance of 24 years, living together in three regiments 
 and aids de camp without ever having had a dispute, gave me 
 such a knowledge of his worth as makes me regret his loss 
 with the greatest sorrow. I am so sensibly affected with it 
 that I judge of your afflictions by my own and sympathize 
 with you most sincerely. Human nature cannot miss to feel 
 in being depriv'd of so valuable a friend and you of so fond a 
 husband. But the greater your loss the more fortitude you 
 will show in bearing it with that resignation we must pay to 
 the will of him who disposes of all things. I pray he may 
 support you and as far as possible make up your loss. You 
 
 1 Mary, second daughter of Lord Charles Kerr by his wife Janet, eldest 
 daughter of Sir David Murray of Stanhope, and granddaughter of Robert, fourth 
 Earl and first Marquis of Lothian, was bom on May 4, 1713. She married 
 ' Colonel Stewart of Stewartfield ' [Wood's Peerage of Scotland ', ii. 139], Lieut- 
 Col. Stewart had been Major in Cochran's Marines, and was appointed Lieut.- 
 Colonel of Wynyard's Foot in October, 1749. He was probably the son of 
 1 Colonel Stewart of Stewartfield ' (? W. Stewart, Colonel of the Qth Foot, May i, 
 1689 July 27, 1715), who on Jan. 16, 1708, had sasine of the lands and maynes 
 of Maybie and Cruicks of Cruickthorn, &c. [M c Kerlie's Lands and their owners 
 in Galloway, v. 227]. Lieut.-Col. Stewart died on Feb. 2, 1750. The following 
 letter was addressed probably to Allan Whitefoord by Caleb Whitefoord sub- 
 sequent to Col. Whitefoord's death (Jan. 2, 1753) : 
 
 'My Lord Loudoun forwarded to me your letter of 23 d ult cont[ainin]g the 
 Queries from M rt Stewart Lady Zalla with regard to the affairs of her brother the 
 late Col. Stewart. I co d not possibly have more powerful motives to diligence in 
 this matter than the Col/s being a friend of my father's, and the affair being 
 recommended by you. I have accordingly endeavour'd to procure the best 
 
 intelligence I co d in answer to the diff * Queries, and now send it inclosed 
 
 Answer to Quere I st . Whatever moneys due to the Conductors (Brit: Off 1 ) of 
 (For n ) Troops was (never suff d to rem in arr r ) allways paid at the time the 
 service was performed or very soon after. Quere 2 d . As to his arrears as Major to 
 Col. Cochran's Marines, they will certainly be paid very soon, and will amount to 
 pretty near the sum mention'd in the Quere. His Majesty some months ago 
 sign'd a warrant for payment of these arrears. It pass'd thro' the Treasury and the 
 only delay proceeds from M r Herbert of Gray's Inn who has not yet made up the 
 acco ts . Quere 3 d . The Quarter Master General has no arrears, but receives all 
 his pay at once taking off the deductions of office. Quere 4 th . Whether any Pay 
 was due as Lieut. Col. to Wynyard's Reg*, Irish Estate, no one but the agent in 
 Ireland can tell. As to Quere 5 th I consulted M r Merrick who was Cap* Wilson's 
 chief clerk, but is now an agent and successor to M r Calcraft. He assur'd me 
 that Col. Stewart was not amongst the number of Capt. Wilson's creditors at the 
 time his affairs fail'd.' 
 
102, THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 do me justice in beleiving there is nothing in my power 
 I would not do to serve you or his family, and should think 
 myself extreamly happy if fortune gave me an occasion of 
 being useful to you. But, alas, I have the inclination without 
 the power. As you do me the honour to ask my opinion 
 about several things, in obedience to your commands I shall 
 give it, tho' you have much better advice from my Lord 
 Ancram 1 and worthy Cap* Wilson. I do not at all doubt of 
 my Lord's giving you his assistance in procuring you some 
 marks of royal favour for yourself and children, in which 
 I wish you success with all my heart. As to the order my 
 friend's affairs were left in, I knew him too well to doubt 
 of the books relating to his estate can be of no use now 
 to be seen, that affair being all ended, and the estate will 
 I hope be sold next winter. A letter wrote to your agent 
 in moving terms to be shown to creditors may influence them 
 to compassionate the children, if they are not to be sufferers 
 [by their] demands, and never can have a bad effect. As to 
 that 400 in the Marquis of Lothian's 2 and M r M c millan's 
 hands, seeing they pay 5 p r cent and yearly, it is impossible 
 you can better yourself. Besides there are other occasions 
 which you know, and I do not care to mention, should hinder 
 you to ask it from the first. The last says you may have all 
 or what part you please on demand, but in my opinion you 
 should rather let it lie where it is. Good hands and punctual 
 payers at the highest interest are hard to be got. Your 
 liveing at London, I am afraid, will not suit so well with your 
 circumstances, but you are the best judge. I must admire 
 your generosity in your concern for the boy 3 at Galashiels. 
 M rs Scot tells me it was propos'd he should go to sea, which 
 I think may be done with less expence to you than putting 
 him apprentice to a weaver. Besides, it is not certain if that 
 will suit with his inclination, which I suppose you would not 
 cross. However, nothing can be done in that till M rs Scot 
 speaks with him, and as his board is paid up till Whitsunday 
 
 1 At this time Colonel of the 24th Regiment. 
 
 3 William, third Marquis of Lothian. 
 
 3 Probably a natural son of Lieut.-Col. Stewart. 
 
SIR JOHN COPE TO CHARLES WHITEFOORD. 103 
 
 there is no hast till she goes to the country. As to the 
 regimental books I shall be oblidg'd to you for the trouble of 
 keeping them, and as to his comp y accounts I shall take care 
 he has the same justice done him I get to myself. His 
 arrears will come to near 270. 
 
 [SIR JOHN COPE TO LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DEAR WHITEFOORD, BATH > * r 5 th > 1751- 
 
 I have thought myself very unlucky in not having it in my 
 power to shew my gratitude to you in some essensial maner. 
 You are very kind to me in your Letter, in doing me justice 
 to believe I have done my endeavours towards it. Lord 
 George has much more reason to thank me for telling him 
 how useful a person he might have to his Military depart- 
 ment, than you have. 
 
 I should have thank'd you for your Letter sooner, if you 
 had informed me where my answer would find you. My 
 friend S r Rob* Wilmot, being by this time I believe come to 
 London, I shall inclose this to him, as he will probably know 
 what part of the world you are now in. 
 
 Your obligation for this small favour, (which you ought long 
 since to have been in possession of), is intirely owing to Lord 
 George, whose protection and freindship is well worth cultiva- 
 ting. He is able, and the most likely to be very considerable 
 of any young man in the Army. Don't let your usual 
 mauvaise honte hinder his being acquainted with your merit, 
 and I'll answer for his kindness to you and himself not stop- 
 ping here. I shall be extremely glad to hear from you. I am 
 most truly my Dear Charles 
 
 Your much obliged and most 
 faith. hu le Ser* 
 
 JN COPE. 
 
104 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. CHARLES WHITEFOORD l TO MAJOR JOHN 
 
 iRwiN 2 .] [I7S2J 
 
 I have the pleasure of yours with one from Lieut. 
 M c Laughlin which gives me a good deal of concern. He 
 says men are very hard to be got, and has sent over but 
 6 whereof two have been in the service. The trooper he's 
 assur'd is but 30 which being interpreted I suppose signifies 
 50. That is bad. . To lower our size destroys our scheme ; 
 to stick to it may disappoint us with respect to numbers. 
 Cruel dilemma ! Of two evils let us choose the last. I have 
 fatally experienc'd the bad consequence of giveing the recruit- 
 ing officers a latitude, and must have a very good opinion of 
 the man to whome I give a discretionary power. To change 
 low men for others no taller is folly, and not to be compleat in 
 Aprile is dangerous. Therefor lads under 18 of 5 [ft.] 7 [in.] 
 I consent to take but would alter the instructions no further. 
 Capt. Keen expects 2 over and I one. I think the Recruit- 
 ing Officers will have bad luck if they do not get 20. That 
 will be 23. Now I must reveal my secret in order to make 
 you easie and procure the General's approbation, whose will 
 shall always be to me a law. Our drummers are sightly 
 fellows. I propose turning as many of them into the ranks 
 as will compleat us and listing boys in their roome. That 
 saves us with the commissary and does not exhaust the 
 exchequer. After the review I discharge the boys and then 
 shall have a fine sum in the stock purse. At the same time 
 the general saves the cloathing. When winter comes we'll 
 send a greater number of officers, by which method we shall 
 save to the General, put money in the Captain's pocket, and 
 effectuat our scheme, of not haveing (at least) the worst reg* 
 in Ireland. I shall have engines in England to play on L d 
 George in order to get to Dublin when his Grace comes next 
 over, and have a plot of makeing our Serg ts fine at a small 
 expence. You see their cloaths are new lapell'd. That 
 
 1 Appointed Lieut-Colonel of Irwin's Regiment, in Ireland, Sept. 1751. 
 3 Major in Irwin's Regiment. Succeeded Whitefoord as Lieut. -Colonel on his 
 promotion to the Colonelcy of the Regiment. 
 
MAJOR IRWIN TO CHARLES WHITEFOORD. 105 
 
 I shall propose to alter and have them loop'd like the men's 
 with a half silver lace, which you must buy in England. By 
 which means we shall make a show with ceconomy, for the 
 cloath sav'd will near purchase the lace, and as I have communi- 
 cated this to nobody I hope you will keep it to yourself. 
 Now that I have disclosed my whole arcana I tell you that 
 I am not so much wedded to my opinion as not to submit to 
 its being corrected by better judgement. At the worst they 
 can call it but a pious fraud which we were drove to by neces- 
 sity and next year shall set to rights. As I cannot tell what 
 the General will determin on you'll be so good as send his 
 orders to the officers. With my compt 8 and sincere wishes for 
 their success &c. 
 
 [MAJOR JOHN IRWIN TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR COLONEL, DUBLIN, February y ioh, 1752. 
 
 Your not coming has been a vast disapointment to me 
 on many Accounts and I promise you we shall do more in one 
 quarter of an Hour together than in two months Epistolary 
 conversation. But that I expected to see you I would have 
 wrote you word that our Quondam Scheme for Cuthbertson 
 would not do, nor will that where our friend Vankiel is compre- 
 hended do at all, an Absolute Negative being put on him and 
 every Court Martial man in the Regiment. I have another 
 which I will not communicate to you till you come to Town, 
 which I beg and earnestly entreat may be immediately, for 
 I go down the latter End of next week with Lord George l to 
 the Primate's, and from thence go round the Quarters of the 
 Carrabineers with his Lordship so pray let me see you before 
 that, and bring up Cuthbertson's Resignation with you, that 
 you know will hold good in all events. Bourne has sent over 
 three Recruits good ones they set out tomorrow. I have been 
 out all this morning with L d George with whom I am to dine, 
 and have no more Time than to assure you that I am most 
 Affectionately and with respect my D r Whitefoord 
 
 Yours 
 
 JOHN IRWINE. 
 
 1 Lord George Sackville. 
 
106 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [SIR JOHN WHITEFOORD l TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 MY DEAR CHARLES, DUBLIN, April 2^, 1752. 
 
 I am glad to observe by the pleasure of yours, as well as 
 by the Report of Lieu* Heathcotte, that you are much better. 
 I am heartily sorry you have reason to complain of not being 
 able to do anything, you have done formerly. You must 
 leave it to me, to call myself, puir auld man John Ochiltree. 
 
 I suppose you have industriously omited to take notice of 
 that part of my letter, where I put you in mind of the promise 
 you made me at parting, of viseting us, after your Review, and 
 of my Landlady's praying and begging you to be a man of 
 your word, as the only means left to cure me of vapours, 
 
 Think of this and let not the hurry of your 
 
 Discipline keep us any longer in Suspense. 
 
 I waited this Day of the Earl of Rothes 2 to whome I made 
 your Compliments. His Lo p will be received only as a Lieu* 
 Generall. The orders for your conduct at the ensueing Review, 
 will be sent down to you towards the end of the week. All 
 the Regiments Horse, Foot, and Dragoons, are to have orders 
 which I think every[one] must allow, to be giveing us fair play. 
 Lord Loudoun is not arrived. I rejoyce to hear from Heath- 
 cotte how agreeable you are to your Corps, a thing I never 
 doubted of. My Landlady begs leave to send you compliments, 
 and ten thousand good wishes for your prosperity and I am 
 most faithfully 
 
 My Dear Brother 
 
 Yours adieu. 
 
 [LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD TO MAJOR IRWIN.] 
 
 D* SIR, [^ n 
 
 I have the Hon r of the Earl of Rothes's commands, trans- 
 mitted by you, and shall as you desire give copies of them to 
 
 1 Succeeded Lord George Sackville as Colonel of the lath (Prince of Wales') 
 Light Dragoons, Jan. 18, 1750. 
 
 a Appointed Lieut. -General on the Irish Establishment and Governor of 
 Duncannon fort, Sept. 1751. 
 
MAJOR IRWIN TO CHARLES WHITEFOORD. JO/ 
 
 L'-Col 1 Rumsay. If they are as punctually obey'd, as they 
 are judiciously given we shall merit his Lo p ' s approbation, 
 which I am sure he '11 not prostitute to any that don't deserve 
 it, haveing the politeness of the Frenchman, corrected by the 
 integrity of the Roman, but as I am conscious, that his good 
 nature will be put to the test, being too good a judge not to see 
 faults, I must wish that mercy may get the ascendant over 
 justice. I dare assure you that what is wanting in capacity 
 shall be made up by diligence, and however we may fail in 
 the exe[cu]tion, our intention is to have the ambition, that the 
 performance may in some degree equal the knowledge of our 
 Gen 1 in which case I would not dread the censure of the 
 severest judge. 
 
 I beg leave to offer my comp 8 to his Lo p , and if I could 
 have the hon r of provideing lodgeings for him ... or being any 
 way usefull it would make me extreamly happy, being with 
 the greatest regard My D r Major, &c. 
 
 [MAJOR IRWIN TO COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 MY DEAR COLONEL, DUBLIN,/*** y e 2*, 1752. 
 
 If I had not been favoured with a Letter from you, I 
 proposed acquainting you with our having got safe to Town 
 at nine o'clock last Sunday Night. To give you some 
 Account of our Expedition, we saw Handasayde's l and 
 Adluroun's 2 Regiments on Fryday at Limerick, the former is 
 the largest Size Regiment except the Guards I ever saw, but 
 they are neither Handsome nor well-looked men, their 
 Cloathing bad, ill appointed, officers not at all an fait, salute 
 wretchedly, and no two alike. The men excercise faster than 
 the Horse Guards, but pretty well, they fired ill, and too slow, 
 and marched indifferently. Adluroun's were better dressed, 
 a very good sized body, they excercised in a better Time and 
 well, fired ill and too slow, marched pretty well. The officers 
 not au fait, salute ill and not the same way. Next day we 
 saw Blakeney's 3 and S r Peter Halkett's 4 . Both fine 
 
 1 1 6th Foot. a 39 th Foot. 
 
 8 ayth (Inniskilling) Foot. * 44th Foot. 
 
108 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Battallions, Halkett's the greater size and rather the best 
 dressed and best appointed. They excercised together, both 
 in exceeding good time and mighty well, they fired in general 
 pretty well, and marched in subdivisions, companies &c : 
 very well, particularly Halkett's, but not well in Battallion. 
 The officers of both Regiments very carefull and attentive, 
 salute in general well, some few ill. Each Regiment had 
 a method of their own, but each saluted alike with their own 
 Regiment. I shall say nothing of the Horse, we saw 
 Boscawen's Reg 11 at Kilkenny, the men not bad, not well 
 appointed, excercised pretty well, fired ill and too slow, 
 marched abominably. Officers very careless and by no means 
 au fait, the major never posting himself where He ought, and 
 both He and the Colonel forced to be told every moment 
 what they were to do, they knew nothing. No man attempted 
 anything like a Salute but Captain Kerr. The Recruits for 
 Handasayde's were bad, those for Adluroun's by much the 
 worst that ever were brought for any Reg*, those for Blakeney's 
 good in general, for Halkett's extreamly good, for Boscawen's 
 bad. Now I have seen nothing equal to our Review, nor to 
 the Regiment taking one thing for another. Halkett's beats 
 us in looks, and they are better appointed, and look more 
 uniform. We want match boxes and cartridge boxes, and 
 these I will bespeak. 
 
 M c Lachlin has the General's Leave ; you will please to 
 write a Letter to M r Waite (in the usual form) desiring 
 Leave for those who are to be absent, which send to me that 
 I may get Lord Rothes to approve of; my name is to be 
 inserted by Lord Rothes's Leave. Major Leslie is to lie down 
 again which has thrown all business on me, and I am at 
 present very much hurried Adieu ! Waldegrave will soon 
 be with you, I daresay our Heroes will look well. Everyone 
 here Salutes you, as I do everyone with you except M r Ried's 
 Tutor. Pray let me know what to do about Cuthbertson &c: 
 and believe me ever yours. 
 
 P.S. I must tell you that S r Peter Halkett tells me that 
 Capt Keene marched into Limerick without coming near 
 
 1 ath Foot 
 
MAJOR IRWIN TO CHARLES WHITEFOORD. 109 
 
 him, never acquainted him either with his arrivall or when He 
 was to March. Eustace 1 behaved very well, and went to 
 S r Peter Halkett, made an Excuse for Keene, so that passed ; 
 but next morning Keene beat to Arms without saying one 
 word to anybody and alarumed the whole Garrison. I have 
 engaged to L d Rothes you will take Notice of this. 
 
 Next Division marched in and took no more Notice of S r 
 Peter, but He met whoever commanded it Drunk in the 
 evening. 
 
 I will write to Eustace and thank him, but Keene's 
 Behaviour if I had time to be particular would appear 
 scandalous. 
 
 [MAJOR IRWIN TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, DUBLIN, June^ 6 th , 1752. 
 
 I was out of Town till late last night, and am just this 
 moment going out to Leixlip with Lord Rothes so have not 
 much Time on my Hands, but would not omitt acknowledging 
 and thanking you for yours of y e 2 d from your new Quarters. 
 I am glad you have got thither safe and well, and could have 
 wished you had found them more agreeable to you. 
 
 The General desires his Compliments to you, and that you 
 will do as you judge most proper in relation to the changes 
 you propose among the non-commissioned officers. The 
 moment I had Time I enquired about the Cloathing but 
 found it had set out before, so that cannot be helped. In my 
 last I told you the General gave M c Lachlin Leave, and I then 
 desired you would be pleased to send up the application 
 for Leave of Absence for those who were to be absent, or at 
 least their names, and for how long they desired, you know 
 you cannot apply for Less or more than three months, as 
 they never grant Lycenses for a longer or shorter Term. 
 
 I wish you Success about Cuthbertson. We promised the 
 Governor to appoint one Nixon to do the Chaplain's Duty 
 
 1 Captain in Irwin's Regiment, June, 1750. 
 
110 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 at Gallway. The Gov r desires his compliments to you, and 
 with many civil offers of various kinds, says that if you have 
 a Horse or two that you want to run at Grass this year you 
 shall be very wellcome to do it in some Feilds of his. In 
 a word nothing can be more Civil than He is. 
 
 Adieu my Dear Sir. Everybody here salute you and 
 I am your most Devoted &c: 
 
 JOHN IRWIN. 
 
 Reduce my Serg t8 and Corporals. 
 
 [SIR JOHN WHITEFOORD TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 MY DEAR CHARLES, DUBLIN,/*^*, 1752. 
 
 I am three letters in your debt, which was owing to the 
 uncertain situation you was in. I give you joy of the fine 
 appearance as well as of the performance of your Regiment 
 at last Review, of which the Earl of Rothes informed Lord 
 George from Waterford, who was pleased to communicate 
 his Lo 8 sentiments to me. This I hope will do you great 
 service, as the Earl of Rothes will do you justice in his report 
 to H:R:H:, which will be made some time next month. 
 Honest Masterson said you did their Regiment great service, 
 which occasioned their making a better appearance at the 
 Review, than otherwise they wou'd have done. 
 
 I am obliged to you for your kind wishes, upon the Report 
 of a certain man's being dead, but I must be content, having 
 already received a greater reward than fell to my share ; 
 however I have gott some ground in the opinion of the world, 
 and having brought a Regiment into reputation, which was 
 generally esteemed a bad one. The Earl of Loudoun, to 
 whom I made your apology, for not paying your respects to 
 him in Dublin, promised to write to you, upon the road to 
 Donochader, when he intended to preach up Resignation, as 
 a very great vertue, a subject you will allow, he is able to 
 write upon. When People embrace any Profession, they do 
 best to abide by it, especially when they make such a figure 
 in it, as to gain the general esteem of their brethren. This 
 
MAJOR IRWIN TO CHARLES WHITEFOORD. Ill 
 
 being your case, I must entreat you to have patience, for tho' 
 things don't allways turn out, in proportion to our merit, yet 
 when there is hopes of our succeeding, prudence requires 
 Submission, and as no man has a greater Share of good sense 
 I hope you will banish all dumps, and every other thing that 
 can disturb your quiet. 
 
 I beg the favour of you, to send your mare to Belturbet, 
 where she shall be taken as good care of as my own Horses, 
 for which purpose I will write next week to Quarters, and 
 give directions that she may be fed and dressed as mine are. 
 I have no map by me, so can't judge of the Distance between 
 Galloway and Belturbet but I think the sooner you send her 
 the better. I am much obliged to you for your civility to 
 Ensign Osborne. I will write to him by this post, and inform 
 both you and Major Irwine of his answer. Major Burton, 
 Cap* Stuart, Capt. Mullhallen, Lieut. Thier, and Lieut. Arthur 
 of my Regiment, have all proposed going out, which will 
 detain me here some time longer than I intended, but will 
 advise you when the coast is clear. M rs Jones prays more 
 for your Prosperity than you do for yourself, and begs leave 
 to send her best respects. Honest Lord Loudoun was with 
 us frequently. My Dear Charles, don't drink beer or water 
 in Galloway. May everything you can desire attend you. 
 My D r Charles adieu. 
 
 [MAJOR IRWIN TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 MY DEAR SIR, DUBLIN, June? 9 th > 1752. 
 
 I know not by what Accident but Lord Rothes has 
 only this moment received the Letter in which yours to me 
 was enclosed, so that I have scarce time to be particular 
 either in my Thanks or Answer. You say * the cursed 
 Mistake of our men preys upon me, and has robbed me of 
 rest.' I beg to know what you mean by it, as, to the best of 
 my Recollection, I know nothing of the matter. At least 
 I have never heard him speak ill of either Officer or Soldier 
 (except Smith the day of the Review) but on the contrary 
 
112 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 has flattered both extreamly, and has more than once made 
 my Father and me Happy on the subject. I fancy it is some 
 expression in my Letter you have mishaprehended from my 
 not riting explicite Language. I have not been able to light 
 on a proper Person to make Cartridge and match boxes, and 
 am not sure but I shall let it alone till I get to England. As 
 to Regimental Frocks, it is only meant as a saving to such as 
 have good Coats, a Coat of the same Collour without a bind- 
 ing is or may be called a frock. The meaning of the order 
 is only to prevent Officers wearing blue or other colloured 
 Cloaths, or even scarlett, unless it be something Regimental, 
 at Quarters. Now as I have two Regimental Coats I shall 
 make up no Frock, besides I shall never make up a Frock, 
 as I would as soon wear a Coat with a silver binding as 
 without one. Those whose coats are too new and too good 
 to wear every day need only make a coat the same of the 
 Regimental without a binding which will be called a Frock. 
 I know none of our people whose Coats are good enough to 
 require a Frock except you, and Purcell, who I think has 
 one. I hope this will explain the order to you. 
 
 I sunk the Complaint against Mitchell, but I forgot to add 
 with regard to Keene that He marched through Limerick on 
 Horseback. Altho' I did not know Mitchell commanded 
 the Second Division I said so much in alleviation of the 
 person that did command (as indeed S r Peter himself said it 
 was partly owing to himself that He did not come to him) 
 that I was not ordered by my Lord to mention him to you, 
 but Keene's offence seems to be great, particularly his beating 
 to Arms, not going to see S r Peter, and marching on Horse- 
 back. My Lord thought you had a fine opportunity to make 
 him sell. I know Mitchell intends well, and I really love 
 him. Pray make him easy. When I have the names of 
 those who are to be absent next Muster I will apply as you 
 desire. I long to know about my Company, and hope to 
 hear soon. My Lord and every one of this House salute 
 you. I desire to be particularly remembered to Bering 1 9 
 Rawson, and Eustace who I will write to, as also Nugent 
 
 1 Captain in Irwin's Regiment. 
 
SIR JOHN WHITEFOORD TO CHARLES WHITEFOORD. 113 
 
 whose division was well taken care of as I am told. If my 
 Father is no worse I shall go to England with my Lord. 
 Adieu, He has just sent to me so I have only Time to assure 
 you I am most perfectly yours. 
 
 [SiR JOHN WHITEFOORD TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DUBLIN, June 20 th , 1752. 
 MY DEAR CHARLES, 
 
 My heart leaped with joy t'other day upon seeing 
 Walter, but to my great Surprise, he shewed me his discharge. 
 I don't think you have made any loss in parting with him. 
 What you recommend to me, in order to supply his place, I 
 will literally observe. My heart begins to fail me as to any 
 future Promotion, and indeed when I reflect upon my good 
 fortune, I am almost ashamed of it, when I observe so many 
 People of Superior merit neglected, and therefor will not 
 even allow myself to indulge the smallest thought of any- 
 thing more than what I am in possession of. 
 
 General Irvine 1 is so ill, that People begin to dispair of 
 his surviving this day, which is the reason of my writing by 
 this post, that you may take your measures accordingly. 
 I wish from the bottom of my heart he had lived till this 
 time twelvemonth, the meaning of which is obvious. However 
 the question is, Petition or not. If you shou'd not, the world 
 may imagine you neglect yourself. If you do, perhaps Lord 
 George may imagine you don't place confidence enough in 
 him, as you gave in a memorial setting forth your services. 
 I think however you shou'd write to Lord George, and put 
 him in mind of what passed between his Lo p and you, when 
 you may mention the explanation he had the goodness to 
 make to me upon Dunbar's getting a Reg* but I heard a bird 
 whistle, that the Recommendation of the last two who gott 
 Regiments, was only meant to serve a third Person, who was 
 recommended at the same time. Now as this Person is still in 
 your way, I don't know what to think. Besides as the L d Lieu* 
 
 1 Alexander Irwin, Colonel of 5th Foot, June 27, 1737 ; Major-General, Feb. 24, 
 1744. Lieut.-Col. Whitefoord succeeded him in the Colonelcy, Nov. 1752. 
 
 I 
 
114 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 has gott two Regiments lately, won't the king name to the first 
 vacancy himself? These things occur to me, and I mention 
 them with the view of putting you upon your Guard, least 
 the worse shou'd happen, and of insisting with you, to take 
 no step without the consent of Allan and me, to which I do 
 expect a Categorical answer. I imagined the officers' Horses 
 were to have been shared by themselves, when I desired you 
 to send your mare to Belturbet, but I hope before she getts 
 there, a place will be provided for her by Mr. Wiggins to 
 whome I have wrote upon the subject, and have given the 
 proper directions about her. 
 
 I return you thanks for your goodness to Ensign Osborne, 
 who is extremly thankfull to you but alas he can't purchase, of 
 which I informed Major Irvine. My Landlady begs leave to 
 offer her compliments and I am with great truth. 
 
 My Dear Charles 
 
 Your Slave 
 
 ADIEU. 
 
 P.S. I had occasion to write by this Post to Lord George 
 and have informed him that next Packet will certainly carry 
 the news of General Irvine's Death. 
 
 [SIR JOHN WHITEFOORD TO LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DUBLIN, June 27 th , 1752. 
 
 MY DEAR CHARLES, 
 
 I made the explanation to the Earl of Rothes as you 
 desired me, which diverted him much, as he thought you too 
 delicate upon that point, and was perfectly satisfied, that the 
 Fireing was not spoiled by any fault of yours. Had the 
 Adjutants given the proper information, the thing cou'd not 
 have happened. 
 
 Last Tuesday General Irvine died, and I have the pleasure 
 to inform you, that Lord Rothes has Recommended you to 
 Succeed him, and Major Irvine to be your Successor, which 
 being the case his Lo p thought a memorial Superfluous. 
 
SIR JOHN WHITEFOORD TO CHARLES WHITEFOORD. 115 
 
 Bob Cunnighame l wrote to Lord George, Whitefoord Stand 
 fast. I likeways prepared his Lo p by telling him, that in all 
 probability the next Packet wou'd carry the news of General 
 Irvine's Death, which realy happened, from all which you may 
 observe, that your Friends have left nothing undone, that 
 cou'd forward your intrest. This is all very pretty you'll say, 
 but avise la fin is some body's motto. However let it turn 
 out as it will, I hope Dear Charles you will arm yourself with 
 Patience, to bear the Stroake. I will only put you in mind 
 how the world blamed Lord Charles Hay 2 , and that it was 
 with some difficulty that the marquis of Twedale gott his 
 majesty to allow Lord Charles to take back his Resignation. 
 Did not everybody blame him, won't every body accuse you 
 for Resigning because you don't gett a Reg* at y e time you 
 think you ought to have it, won't the King be displeased, 
 won't the Duke of Cumberland be angry with you, won't the 
 Duke of Dorset and Lord George Sackville be affronted to 
 have a man they have taken by the hand, fly out, won't it 
 even affect me in any future promotion, I might possibly 
 meet with, won't the King and H: R: H: be very justly pro- 
 voked against one they have just provided for? Dear Charles 
 don't think of a Resignation, it wou'd make you appear in a 
 quite different light than you do at present. You are very 
 Justly allowed to be as a good an officer as any in the service, 
 every one allows you to be a man of extream good parts, and 
 a man of good understanding ; wou'd they continue that good 
 opinion of you, was you to take so rash a step, Such as you 
 mention in your last ? For God's sake never think of it, it 
 wou'd break Allan's Heart, and destroy me to all intents and 
 purposes. I hope neither of us is so indifferent to you, as for 
 you to take a step, so much against our inclinations, and your 
 own intrest. I hope you will not be put to the trial, but only 
 consider as the Duke of Dorset has gott two of his nomination, 
 won't the King put in for some body about him, won't 
 H: R: H: probably have some particular view? Consider 
 these things, and in case of the worst don't Dear Charles expose 
 
 1 Colonel of 58th Regt. in 1767. 
 
 2 Brother of John, fourth Marquis of Tweeddale. 
 
 I 2 
 
Il6 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 yourself and Friends. I pray you send me a letter that will 
 make Lords Loudoun and Cathcart happy, as well as Allan 
 and your humble servant. I will trouble you no longer upon 
 this Subject, but as I have had a litle altercation about 
 wheeling upon the conter in order to fire the Street Fireing, 
 pray send me all the words of command for it as well as 
 reducing it. 
 
 My Landlady prays night and day that you may be pro- 
 vided for, but hopes If you shou'd not, you will listen to one 
 who loves you. She begs leave to offer her Compliments and 
 I am My Dear Charles 
 
 Your Slave 
 
 JOHN WHITEFOORD. 
 
 P.S. As the Earl of Rothes leaves us to morrow I dare say 
 nothing about your plan for preventing of Desertion. 
 
 [MAJOR IRWIN TO LIEUT.- COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 LONDON, July ye 7 th , 1752. 
 MY DEAR SIR, 
 
 Ever since I came here I have been at Blackheath at 
 Lord Chesterfield's so could pick up nothing to say to you. 
 This Day the Duke of Dorset came to Town, and gave me 
 great Pleasure to find the strong Recommendation of you for 
 the Regiment, at the same time (between you and I let it be) 
 I doubt the Success. As two or three L* Colonels have suc- 
 ceeded in Ireland, it is thought someone will go from home 
 this Bout. His Grace goes out of Town again either to day 
 or to morrow and I shall have the Honour to go with him, 
 and there I propose staying till I go to Scotland, which I 
 shall do the latter End of next week. If you have any 
 Commands for me you had best direct under Lord Rothes' 
 Cover. 
 
 I never saw the Town so empty, and therefore can send 
 you no sort of news. I beg my Compliments to everybody, 
 and that you will ever believe me with great affection 
 
 Your faithfull humble 
 Servant 
 
 JOHN IRWIN. 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO STAIR. 117 
 
 [LAST WISHES OF LIEUT.-COL. WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 L* Col Charles Whitefoord begs y e favour of Cap* Bering 
 that he will take y e direction of his Funeral, who desires to be 
 buried out of Consecrated Ground, without any Stone or 
 Decoration on his Grave and without Military Honours. 
 
 But begs that Cap* Bering will inform y Garrison, that 
 such as pleases will meet where he appoints and drink a 
 hearty Glass to his Jorney. 
 
 Lieu* Col Whitefoord begs that Cap n Rawson will accept 
 of his Regementals, and Cap n Bering of his Mare and 
 Furniture &c., to Bocter Herbert Gibson one Bozen of 
 Holland Shirts marked with Blue Silk. And I do further 
 beg that Cap n Bering will take care of all my Effects. 
 
 Galway November y e twenty third * One thousand seven 
 Hundred and fifty two. 
 
 Signed CHARLES WHITEFOORD. 
 
 Present 
 
 GEO. MARJORI BANKS. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO STAIR.] 
 
 [LONDON, 1752.] 
 
 Dewar has his kind compliments to you. He is with 
 Mess" Armour and Steward, very eminent Virginia mer- 
 chants in Gould Square, Crutched Fryars. I told you before 
 that he was doing extremely well. He has some thoughts 
 of going out soon with a cargo to Antigua where his brother 
 is settled and in very good circumstances. He has a very 
 good prospect of an advantageous voyage, as his brother 
 can advise him what goods are fittest for importation, which 
 the best season to bring them ; and can likewise furnish him 
 with warehouses and recommend him to merchants for the 
 disposal of his cargo. I have not received an answer from 
 Baillie, but in expectation of it I shall delay sending off this 
 for some days that they may go all together. 
 
 1 Lieut.-Col. Whitefoord succeeded General Irwin in command of the Regiment 
 two days after this. 
 
Il8 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 It gave me no small pleasure to hear that you are at last 
 settled in a merchant's house of such reputation, and the 
 more so as you are situated with so agreeable a companion 
 as Andrew St Clair, to whom I beg to be remember' d in the 
 kindest manner. Coutts, Wood, Dewar and your humble 
 servant went lately on a short country expedition, when you 
 may easily believe we were very jolly. They all have their 
 compliments to you. At last I think I am out o' breath and 
 now have only to beg my best respects to your good mama 
 and sister, and that you '11 believe me always 
 
 Your most affectionate 
 C.W. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO STAIR.] 
 
 LONDON, Dec r . 1752. 
 MY DEAR STAIR, 
 
 I rec d in due course your agreeable favours of 7 th . Ult. 
 and am very much concerned at the Accounts you give me of 
 Baillie, as I believe my Friend Jack was not born to be 
 hang'd. I must confess I begin to be afraid for him. If you 
 hear anything of him, I beg you wo d advise me of it on the 
 first opportunity. 
 
 The Question you put to me about the Duchess of Hamil- 
 ton and the Countess of Coventry is a little hard to determine 
 and indeed they are both so exquisitely pretty that I own 
 myself very much at a loss in whose Favours to decide it. 
 I have had the pleasure of seeing Both. 'Tis needless to say 
 I admired them. Everyone, I believe, that ever saw them 
 paid them the same compliment, in their Heart. In short 
 two such Angels at the same time was too much. They were 
 continually surrounded with admiring multitudes at all the 
 publick places which they bless'd with their presence, to the 
 inexpressible Confusion of all the fair faces about them. 
 What a triumph was here! while their little Hearts were 
 exulting, conscious of Superior Charms, viewing askance the 
 Envious looks of their own Sex and coyly receiving the 
 Humble Adoration of the other. But alas! how fleeting 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO STAIR. TIQ 
 
 are all human Enjoyments. That Triumph is now no more. 
 The Ladies have the supreme pleasure, to be each of them 
 join'd to a mate, in whom all their shortlived views must 
 terminate. 
 
 I am this moment returned from the play- and the Chief 
 Objects of my imagination are, Mr. Garrick strutting on the 
 Stage and Lady Coventry ogling in the Stage box. I could 
 not help considering her when she sat in that eminent point 
 of view as a Venus, and the Stage Lights as so many Altars 
 fuming with Incense sacred to her Duty. All that she 
 wanted to make me think her really so was such a young 
 boy as I conceive you to have been at the age of 4 or 5, to 
 supply the place of the little winged Archer, the constant 
 Attendant on the All potent Queen of Love. 
 
 Tho' the Dutchess has not so commanding a mien nor so 
 quick an eye as the Countess, yet she has such a sweetness of 
 look, such an agreeable Innocence and Modesty which diffuses 
 thro' her whole frame, that she looks more divine than 
 Human. But you see her just now at a vast disadvantage. 
 Heavens ! had you seen her as I have done in all her Virgin 
 bloom, what a sight was there. But now she's married, as 
 well as her sister, and big with child, and marriage and 
 children, my dear Stair, are no Friends to Female Beauty. 
 
 Bob Dewar sail'd above 6 weeks ago and I fancy may be 
 in Antigua by this time. 
 
 Lee 1 was reckoned by most people a pretty tolerable 
 player. Others again could not bear him, as he was on the 
 same stage with Mr. Garrick and was so servile an Imitator 
 of him. But this so glaring Defect here will pass unperceived 
 in Edin r . 
 
 1 John Lee (d. 1781) went to Edinburgh in 1752 for the purpose of purchasing 
 or managing the Canongate Concert Hall. ' Romeo and Juliet ' was played there 
 in the December of that year. Diet, of National Biography. 
 
120 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO JAMES COUTTS.] 
 
 LONDON, i 8t Sep r .> 1753. 
 
 MY DEAR JAMIE, 
 
 Your not writing to Adam Wood gave me a sensible 
 pain as it was I had made him write to you and had en- 
 deavour'd to engage you two in a correspondence which 
 I make no doubt would have been very beneficial to both 
 parties. He is one whom I both love and esteem. I love 
 him for a natural sweetness of temper and warmth of friend- 
 ship. I esteem him for the excellent qualities of his mind : 
 for judgment, solidity, wit and sense. Indeed he is as worthy 
 and as deserving a lad as I ever knew. You have no doubt 
 heard of Mr. Crammond a man eminent in Business, with 
 whom Adam lived above 2 years. To hear of his failure 
 would no doubt surprise you, as indeed it has done every- 
 body else. Having now given over business he has no more 
 occasion for a clerk, so that Adam is at present out of em- 
 ployment 
 
 I observe the hint you give me with regard to our future 
 correspondence and as 'tis extremely just I cannot but ap- 
 prove of it. After this I shall be as grave and as serious as 
 you please, and all my views shall tend to the main point, 
 I mean, our mutual improvement in the knowledge of 
 mercantile affairs. At the same time I can't help observing 
 to you that you won't find a person more to your taste in 
 that respect than our friend Adam Wood. You desire me 
 likewise to give you some acco* of the island of Guernsey, of 
 its situation, trade &c. I am not vain enough to imagine 
 myself equal to the task of describing people and countries, 
 but lest you sho d attribute my silence to laziness or forget- 
 fulness, I shall lay the state of it before you to the best of my 
 remembrance. 
 
 The island of Guernsey lyes in y British Channel about 
 7 Leagues from the French and 30 from the English coast, 
 is about 6 miles long and 20 in Circumference. The face of 
 the country is exceeding beautiful. The gentle" of the town 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO JAMES COUTTS. 121 
 
 rode all over the country with me, and pointed out some of 
 the richest spots, and shewed me their finest views from some 
 very high rocks on the sea side. Their grass or pasturage is 
 extremely good and very fat'ning, so that their cows and 
 butter beat all the world, the flesh being extremely delicate 
 and the butter naturally as yellow as gould. People of taste 
 and curiosity bring over their cows into England and esteem 
 them preferable to all others. The country is all cultivated 
 to the utmost tho' I think it abounds (like Jersey) more in 
 orchard and meadow than in corn ground. The people are 
 very hospitable and kind to strangers, extreamly religious, 
 active and laborious, and make excellent sailors. They are 
 vastly well situated for trade, have got an excellent harbour 
 surrounded with stone piers and able to receive a great 
 number of ships either merchantmen or men of war. About 
 half a mile from the mouth of the pier there stands a large 
 strong castle, in which are some companies of Invalids and 
 a great number of cannon for the defence of the place. St. 
 Peters, the chief town, lyes just by the Harbour and is 
 situated on the side of a very steep hill. The houses being 
 all pretty high and built of stone quite close to one another, 
 together with the steep winding streets, put one vastly in 
 mind of Edin r . This town contains about 6000 inhabitants, 
 who are y 6 best and richest part of the island : I make no 
 doubt but you '11 be surprised when I tell you that a merchant 
 there will give his daughter 5, 6, 8 nay 10 thousand pound to 
 her fortune : but perhaps you may imagine from this that the 
 ladies stand in need of it to set them off, which I assure you 
 is far from being the case as they are for the most part 
 excessively handsome and seldom or never crooked which 
 is too frequently the case with our English nymphs. The 
 chief trade of the island consists in wines, brandy &c. with 
 the former of which they supply the merchants, but most of 
 the latter I believe they dispose of among the West Country 
 Smugglers. There are an incredible number of vaults and 
 magazines all about the town and a vast quantity of clarets, 
 ports and other wines sent there by different merchants of 
 which M r Stewart has a very considerable share. This must 
 
THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 no doubt be of vast advantage to the island, as (to use their 
 own words) every pipe of wine that is first imported and then 
 exported from the island leaves two guineas behind it, and 
 this will appear to be a very moderate computation if we 
 consider the charges of loading, unloading, racking, vault rent, 
 and cooperage : the advantages of carrying on the wine trade 
 from this island are very great, not to mention how much it 
 adds to a merchant's reputation to have a great assortment 
 there. In the first place labour is much cheaper there than 
 in London. Vaults are easier to be got and for the most part 
 better. A merchant may buy his wines immediately from 
 the wine countries and let them lay there and ripen, by 
 which he saves the interest on the duty and interest on 
 leakage which he would lose by importing them to London 
 directly and letting them lay some years till fit for use. 
 
 [ARCHIBALD STEWART TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 LONDON, ii th /w/x, 1754. 
 D r CALEB, 
 
 I am favoured with yours of the 7 th Curr* and I am much 
 obliged to you for standing proxy for me, at the Baptism of 
 young Barbe, to whom I have the honour to be God Father ; 
 and if I have the good fortune to live so long, I shall make 
 good the engagements you came under in my name. There's 
 an immediat duty to be performed by Godfathers, which I hope 
 you have informed yourself of, and discharged, such as presents 
 to the church, Midwife, &c. These I should have inclined to 
 have had done in the handsomest Manner, and if anything has 
 been neglected that way, pray let it be made up. Young 
 M r John Barbe took the trouble to lay out the money for me 
 last time, and make up the note of it. I must ask he '11 do 
 me that favour this, and when I know what it is, I '11 send you 
 over the money, or place it to the credit of your ace* here. 
 
 I am glad you seem so happy in your present situation. 
 I take it for granted, you are in love with your business 
 so long as you are in love with your situation, for if you 
 were Idle, M r Barbe would not appear so good a man to you. 
 
 You are to have M r Kenneth, and M r Rowles over soon. 
 
THOMAS BROWN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 123 
 
 Then I shall see how far you're a man of address, by the 
 Business they do with you, for 'tis by an insinuating obliging 
 behaviour, and not by an indiscreet importunity that Cus- 
 tomers are gained ; for you must find the way to the heart 
 and head of a man of sense, before you get at his purse. 
 One thing I must caution you against, which is, that when 
 M r Barbe and you are in the cellar at the same time, you will 
 allow him to direct who is to speak to the person you are to 
 deal with, for if you both speak, you may chance to differ, 
 which will have a very bad effect. If he desire you to do it, 
 concert with him first, what you are to say, that you may 
 strengthen what one another has said, when spoke to differ- 
 ently. 
 
 I think Willy Burnet used to write in french by the time 
 he had been so long at Boulogne as you have been. I shall 
 expect such a letter from you soon. I hope that Lad goes on 
 to do as well as ever. 
 
 I am to be over at Boulogne sometime next month, and as 
 I have your doing well much at heart, you '11 oblige me much 
 if you '1 write me a honest Journal of your life, from the time 
 you receive this, how all your hours are employed from six in 
 the morning the time I presume you rise, till ten that you go 
 to bed, and I won 't think there 's any thing wrong, in seeing 
 some hours there, every day, in company with french Ladies, 
 tho' I should be sorry to find many trifled away with the 
 English, tho' not so much so, as to find there was anything 
 conceal'd. I don't propose this as a thing to be continued 
 but only to see how you spend one month that you are 
 resolved to spend well. I am, D r Caleb, 
 
 Your sincere friend 
 
 and most Hum. Serv* 
 
 ARCH D STEWART. 
 
 [THOMAS BROWN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 LONDON, 20 Sepf., 1754. 
 DEAR CALEB, 
 
 I am much obliged to you for your agreeable favour 
 of the 9 th and it is very kind of you to give me so particular 
 
124 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 an account of your Jaunt. I long much for the Sequel. 
 I think what with the Cure's Sisters and Musick you must 
 have been very happy, and had a great Share of Mirth. 
 I admire the furniture of the inside of your French Bastide 
 I was surprised with the Dra* of your Bridge at first view 
 on opening your letter, but it seems really a curious one, and 
 you may believe I was no less so on opening a large pacquet 
 from honest Burnet, when the first thing that presented itself 
 was A double Cross Stick on Dulcinea of Toboso. From the 
 Specimens he has sent me I can easily see what Improvement 
 he has made since he left this. When you say he is now at 
 work with what he calls a Satire you put me in mind of the 
 Story of the painter who wrote under, this is a Cock. He very 
 humourously apologises for his silence owing to ' continual 
 racking,' &c. I think there still appears the greatest Good- 
 ness of heart in that Boy, and I daresay he will turn out 
 well. 
 
 Bell is here just now, and sets out for the Island next 
 week. He seems to have a good deal of the Air of Indepen- 
 dency about him. I cou'd have told you of Watson's going 
 to Boulogne, but I liked better that you shou'd be surprised. 
 Pray, had he a bag wig? I saw him the other day with 
 a monstrous bushy Scratch curling up about his Hat, so 
 I take it that he is much improved by his Travels into 
 Foreign parts. We expect young B 1 : over. Pray give me 
 some Ace* of him, for I am told he is a Curiosity. I shou'd 
 have liked much to have overheard Steil's acco fc of Affairs. 
 A Story loses nothing by his telling it. Had Paxton been 
 giving you an Ace* of J: Sin 2 : it wou'd have been the same 
 only he wou'd have left out the two last words. There is 
 no love lost betwixt them. Jamie's elder Brother and Heir 
 apparent is here just now. You would be much puzzled what 
 to make of him. M r A: S 3 : proposes to make Jamie his 
 Governor. I assure you he has contracted a good deal of the 
 Dutch Gravity. Sir Ja 8 C: is here every day at B: D and S: 
 
 1 John Barbe. 
 
 2 James Sinclair, son of Sir Robert Sinclair of Stevenson. His elder brother 
 John succeeded his father in 1754. 
 
 3 Archibald Stewart. 
 
JAMES SINCLAIR TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 125 
 
 and one of the most regular sober men you ever saw, up at 
 six in the morning, brings in Eels and Fruit to Mad m and is 
 a great favourite. Did you ever hear that Paxton cou'd not 
 eat Eels ? One night when A: S: was at Boulogne, having 
 for frequent misdemeanors, been condemned to every night at 
 supper, he made his Appearance, in a mortal condition. To 
 finish him I had just before made him pour down two pots, 
 and knew his only safety consisted in his silence ; therefore 
 warned him and he promised. Sir Ja 8 spoke of French 
 Dishes, Eels, &c. Paxton forgot himself and called out Be 
 God damme I'd as sune eat a Tewrd as an Eel. Mad m stared, 
 taxed him, as soon as she cou'd be heard from the Roar all 
 about the Table, with being drunk. He swore as usual that 
 he had not drunk a Drop but that these damm'd Eels always 
 put him in a passion. Next day A: S: returned and was 
 witness to P's eating very heartily of a boiled Eel. I leave 
 you guess what Fun all this produced. I have a Copy of 
 some verses to send you which I think tolerably pretty but 
 cannot now lay my hand on them. You shall have them in 
 my next. Meriton will deliver you the Stick @ 3/6. Your 
 
 Buttons, and Breeches . I am hurried out and have only 
 
 time to add, God bless you. 
 
 T. B. 
 
 [JAMES SINCLAIR TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 LONDON, n th Decem'., 1755. 
 DEAR CALEB, 
 
 I have often heard that when a man is impeached for 
 a crime he is sensible he has committed, the way to come 
 best off with the Judge is at once to plead guilty. This is 
 my case. At parting I must confess, I promised most faith- 
 fully to write, but have so long differed putting my promise 
 in execution, that like an obdurate sinner I was tempted to 
 persevere in what I disaproved of rather than allow myself to 
 be in the wrong, and indeavour to make you amends ; in 
 short few post nights have passed but I was resolved to write 
 my friend Caleb, and always something occurred that diverted 
 my attention to another object. I found all here much in the 
 
126 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 same situation as I left them, only M r Stewart's family a good 
 deal disconcerted at the prospect of our friend Brown's depar- 
 ture, which has at last op'ned their Eyes and made them 
 sensible how much they'll be at a loss to supplie his place. 
 I suppose he has mentioned to you the proposal made to him 
 about Guernsey, which tho' he has no mind to accept of, it is 
 a mark how desirous they are to retain him in their service. 
 
 With regard to my own affairs, everything here was not 
 quite settled to my satisfaction. I found there was no returns 
 come over from Sir Peter Halkett's Regiment, so consequently 
 can have no further security of my Commission being inserted 
 in their Muster Rolls, than Sir John St. Glair's Letter. Not- 
 withstanding of this my friends here gave it as their Opinion 
 I should still go over to America, so I have agreed for my 
 passage in a ship bound for New England, and I reckon upon 
 Monday or Tuesday next will bid farewell to Great Britain. 
 
 M r Brown was in hopes to have seen you here before his 
 departure, but I imagin won't now as he this day received 
 a Letter from Cap* Gordon desiring him down to Portsmouth 
 as soon as possible, so I imagine he '11 leave this in about ten 
 days at furthest. 
 
 I this day got from M r Brown a pair of Spatterdashes and 
 two books upon fortification, and for which I return you a great 
 many thanks. Adieu, mon cher Caleb, que le bon Dieu vous 
 comble de bonheur et de prosperite est sincerement souhit^ 
 par celui qui sera to uj ours avec plus grande sinceritd 
 Votre ami le plus affectionne 
 
 Et tres humble serviteur 
 JAS. SINCLAIR. 
 
 M r . Caleb Whitefoord at 
 
 Allan Whitefoord's Esq r ., Argyle Square, Edinburgh. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO THOMAS BROWN.] 
 
 LISBON, 14 th August, 1756. 
 
 DEAR TOM, 
 
 I am now landed, I wish I could say on terra fir ma. The 
 shocks still continue and though they are slight in comparison 
 of some former ones, yet they serve to keep the people in 
 continual terror. At the full of the moon is the time when 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO THOMAS BROWN. 127 
 
 they expect the greatest shocks, and we (being in luck) arriv'd 
 just about that period ; accordingly there was a shock in the 
 night as they told me, but I either did not feel it, or imagin'd 
 I was still rowling on board the ship. 'Twill be a great many 
 years before this place can recover the late disaster. Most of 
 the houses are either burnt, shatter'd or thrown down, and 
 that in which I now write stands like a lame beggar, propt 
 upon crutches. They are now clearing the rubbish from the 
 principal streets, but with regard to the churches, 'tis noli me 
 tangere : they must be very cautious how they handle them. 
 You must know that the great Earthquake happen'd on 
 a holiday, All Saints' day, when all the churches were 
 crowded, and one of them call'd the Church of the Trinity is 
 supposed to have crush'd under the ruins at least 7 or 800 
 people. When you approach it, your nose is saluted with 
 a very offensive smell, so I leave you to judge what would be 
 the consequence if all these bodies were to be uncover'd. 
 The few houses hereabouts, which the Earthquake left standing, 
 are not sufficient to accommodate one fifth of the inhabitants. 
 The rest live in little hutts and tents which they have patch'd 
 up in the fields. The merchants are all huddled together, 
 half a dozen of 'em perhaps under the same roof, and a house 
 which formerly held a family of 7 or 8 is now like an hospital 
 and contains perhaps 30. There's no exchange here for the 
 merch* 3 to meet in : they do all their business in the street, 
 or in a little dirty coffee-house at Beleir. The weather is 
 extremely hot, and would scarcely be supportable if it were 
 not for some cooling breezes from the north. The sky is 
 always serene and the evenings delightful. The country 
 indeed is not so fine as I expected ; at present the ground 
 seems to be parch'd and barren, but in the spring the time of 
 verdure I suppose it must have a much better appearance. 
 During whole months here they sometimes have not a single 
 shower, not as in Falmo', which may well be call'd y e Devil's 
 Pisspot, for we had not one fair day during all the time we 
 stay'd there. The lower sort of people are a most wretched 
 lousy set, and one third of them at least are black. They are 
 extremely lazy (which perhaps is the effect of the climate) 
 
128 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 and are quite eat up with vermin. You may observe them 
 lousing y ms in the streets and may suppose that one can't 
 walk about without being fasten'd upon by some of these 
 bloodsuckers. The gnats too are very troublesome. One of 
 J em stung me just now and caused me make that scrape w* y e 
 pen which you see in the line above. 
 
 They call persons allways by their Christian name here. 
 They would not say Don Brown but Don Thomas, Don 
 John &c. A pox on my Jhewish name. I don't know what 
 they'll call me, for I believe there never was a Don Caleb in 
 the kingdom before. 
 
 I have got acquainted w* several of the merch ts here, which 
 may be useful to me afterwards. I have wrote the York 
 Buildings family l that I intend to stay here a week longer to 
 look about me, after which (if spotted fever does not prevent) 
 I shall set out for Oporto. I shall advise you some time after 
 my arrival there how I find matters. Don't forget to write 
 me often, and let me know the success of my Lottery ticket ; 
 'tis in the Letter Case which I delivered to you. 
 
 I send this by one M r J n Surgeon of the Rhoda E. Ind n . 
 I have known him but a few days, but he seems to be 
 a very sensible honest fellow and worthy of your acquaintance. 
 I ever am D r Tom Yours most affection ly 
 
 C. W. 
 
 I had almost forgot to tell you that we had a very fine 
 passage having been only 6 days betwixt Falmo : and this 
 place. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO STAIR.] 
 
 [Lisbon, 1756.] 
 
 In short this is without a quibble, a most shocking place : 
 yet in spite of the repeated shocks matrimony goes on very 
 fast. I believe there have been as many marriages within 
 these few days, as would cause an earthquake. 
 
 The Portuguese allways wear very wide great coats, which 
 they wrap about them and throw over y r shoulders: in 
 
 1 Archibald Stewart. 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO STAIR. [29 
 
 winter they say it keeps out the cold, in summer it keeps out 
 the heat, and at all times hides the dirt. The king here is 
 quite despotick, and is master of the lives and fortunes of his 
 subjects. He is, if I may trust common report, a very weak 
 man, minds nothing but hunting and leaves the care of the 
 state to his prime minister M r C. who rules with unbounded 
 sway. Tho' the laws against smuggling are vastly severe, 
 yet very few seizures are made. The reason I suppose is that 
 all the seizure goes to the Crown or y e contractors for the 
 Crown, and no part thereof to the custom house officers, for 
 which reason they find it to be more to their advantage to 
 take a small piece of money and allow people to run their 
 things ashore, than to seize them and get nothing at all but 
 much trouble and perhaps broken bones. 
 
 As the weather is extremely hot so the seasons are very 
 early. They get in their Harvest in the end of June, and 
 have two crops of Barley, Pease &c., or one of Barley and 
 another of India corn. The wheat is naturally late as in 
 other countries : with regard to the earthquakes, some of 
 their priests made the Common people believe that one of 
 their saints had foretold there would be no more : however 
 the saint was much mistaken for in a few days after there 
 was a very great shock. The priests at last told them, that 
 the Virgin Mary had actually applied to Jesus Christ to 
 obtain a cessation from the shocks, but as he seem'd a little 
 backward in granting her request, that she had scolded him 
 heartily, and made use of the authority of a mother, in order 
 to bring him to compliance. 
 
 Since writing to you I have visited the ruins, and can 
 venture to assure you (in spite of what has been publish'd to 
 the contrary) that there are not three houses left entire in all 
 the city of Lisbon. In the suburbs indeed there are a few 
 standing, but they are so rent and shatter'd as not to be 
 habitable. Never was seen or I believe ever heard of so 
 universal a ruin ; what escaped the earthquake was consumed 
 by fire and this in the very heart of the City, in y e centre of 
 trade ; and so far were the Merchants from saving their 
 effects, that most of them lost their books and papers. As 
 
 K 
 
13 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 the houses were not ornamented with pillars of the different 
 orders of architecture, the ruins don't afford such fine views 
 as Palmyra and other cities which have shared the same fate. 
 Yet some of the Churches, in their present situation, are 
 extremely picturesque. I have the good fortune to be in the 
 same house with a merchant here, a man of genius and one 
 who has obliged the world with several pieces both in verse 
 and prose. This gentleman was so good as to conduct me 
 thro' the ruins, and point out everything that was most 
 remarkable. No one can have a just idea of the present 
 state of this city without examining it very narrowly : I believe 
 we walked above 10 miles amongst the ruins, a scene of 
 horror indeed, but I could not help indulging my curiosity as 
 much as possible: the streets which had not been clear'd 
 were fill'd up with rubbish, in most places about 2 stories 
 high, by which means many of the buildings were level with 
 the earth, except here and there a chimney or the corner 
 stones of a house which hung nodding over the heads of the 
 passengers ; here you might observe the skull of some person 
 who had been burnt, in another place you might see a bit of 
 stuff perhaps part of the cloaths of one buried alive under the 
 ruins ; there you might observe a piece of harness probably 
 belonging to the equipage of some who had been crush'd in 
 their carnages in driving along the streets : Good God, how 
 uncertain is human grandeur ! This city in the morning was 
 one of the richest and gayest in the world, the capital of this 
 kingdom, the receptacle of half the wealth of the Indies, 
 abounding with inhabitants, who had grand houses, fine 
 apartments, gaudy equipages, and in short all the luxuries 
 of life, but in a few hours alas how chang'd, to what misery 
 are they reduced, they who just now abounded with every- 
 thing, who wallow'd in luxury, have not a friendly roof to 
 shelter them, not a bit of dry bread to satisfy the cravings of 
 nature. Horror and confusion reign' d everywhere, the men 
 run about quite frantic, one had lost a wife, another his child, 
 a third his brother. The women wander'd up and down pale 
 and fatigu'd, their locks dishevel'd, and scarce as many 
 cloathes as decency required, piercing the air with piteous 
 
WILLIAM BURNET TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 131 
 
 cries and expecting every moment that all nature was going 
 to be dissolved. Can anything be imagin'd more dreadful, 
 or need we be surpris'd if they thought that the world was 
 at an end ? The streets were crowded with people hurrying 
 they knew not whither, some that were half bury'd in the 
 ruins calling for assistance and none to help them, others 
 crawling about with broken limbs, who had been taken out 
 of the rubbish, the pavements strew'd with dead bodies, 
 numbers of horses mules and other cattle running wild about, 
 some of them lame and others with their eyes burnt out : the 
 people crying and praying in the streets, and laying hold of 
 every priest they met with to hear the confession of their sins. 
 To complete the misfortunes of a great number of the 
 inhabitants an epidemical distemper or spotted fever which 
 raged a long while with great violence, but is now somewhat 
 abated. The air from being clear and serene became dark ; 
 clouds of mingled dust and smoke almost blinded them, and 
 ever and anon a fresh shock served to increase their terror. 
 
 [WILLIAM BURNET TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 LONDON, March i, 1757. 
 
 D r SIR, 
 
 I received the inestimable favor (a new way of spelling 
 favour, honour, &c.) of yours of the io th November last, and 
 would have answered it long 'ere now, but I always deferred 
 writing you, till I could with certainty inform you about 
 Adm 1 Byng ; but I believe I might wait till Doomsday 'ere 
 I could do it, for there has been so many changes and altera- 
 tions in our M r's sentiments, that it is impossible to 
 
 foresee what will at last become of him : I shall give you 
 a brief account of the material facts which have happened 
 during his trial and since. 
 
 The Trial lasted upwards of a month, and many betts were 
 laid pro and con ; at last (after much debate) the Court 
 Martial condemned him to be shot to death for Negligence, 
 but was earnestly recommended to his Majesty's Mercy ; 
 Cowardice and Disaffection he was acquitted of; we all 
 expected to hear of his death in a few days after his con- 
 
 K 2 
 
133 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 demnation, but his Majesty referred the case to the House of 
 Commons and there were many warm debates about it, and 
 still are, for they are not come to a resolution ; they have 
 granted Mr. Byng a respite till the 8 th of this month ; so 
 what will become of him God knows. 
 
 I observe how narrowly you lighted on your trunk. I cer- 
 tainly should have advised you by post of the Captain's and 
 Ship's names, but inadvertently, and as an Irishman would 
 have done, I imagined the letter w cb was inclosed in the 
 Trunk would let you know all particulars. 
 
 1.7.5.6 has seen the light long ago, and I designed to have 
 sent you a Copy l over by the Oporto fleet, but Harry Foot 
 has always neglected to let me know when it sailed, but you 
 may depend upon it, that by the very next fleet that sails 
 I will send you one, as likewise the Critical Review for that 
 month in which it was published, where you will see how 
 miserably I am mauled by D rs Hill, Smallet, and Armstrong 
 who are the writers of it : But it gives me no great pain for 
 (as you '11 observe) there is not a Book or pamphlet published, 
 they leave undamned. There are several additions and 
 amendments, as likewise pieces left out here and there which 
 had any reference to his Majesty : the Description of the 
 Pillory with that of Dulness, have been admired beyond my 
 most sanguine hopes. There has been two Editions of it 
 published, and I believe the Bookseller who published it has 
 gained a pretty sum of money, as I gave it him Gratis : 
 I know you will laugh here, and cry, ' Why Burnet, are thy 
 performances of so little value, that nobody chuses to buy 
 them ? ' Softly, Sir, Softly, let me tell you, I could have 
 had 30 for the manuscript if I had chused to let him know 
 who the Author was. I shall likewise send at same time 
 two or three other pamphlets, if they are worth your perusal 
 and shall send you a letter by the ship which they go by. 
 I have got into such a way of writing in Eight Syllables, 
 that for my life I can't make an Heroick or Alexandrine : 
 
 1 ? The Age of Dulness : a Satire. By a natural son of the late Mr. Pope. 
 With a Preface giving an account of his mother, and how he came to the know- 
 ledge of his birth. London. 4. 1757. {Critical Review, Jan. 1757, p. 87.] 
 
WILLIAM BURNET TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 133 
 
 I have wrote some pieces but they are too long for a letter, 
 therefore must defer sending you a copy of them at present, 
 unless I can find time to write them over when I send you 
 the pamphlets. 
 
 I shall take care to forward any Letters which may come 
 for you from Scotland. There is no news stirring, only we 
 impatiently expect some good news from Adm 1 West, who 
 sailed lately with a strong fleet, but nobody except his 
 Superiors know whither he is gone. Adm 1 Holburne will 
 sail soon with another strong fleet for North America, with 
 six regiments besides the two new battalions of Highlanders 
 which are raising at present : Lord Lovat's Son is Coll 1 of 
 one battalion and Major Montgomery is made Coll 1 of the 
 other. Adm 1 Boscawen is likewise preparing to sail with 
 a strong fleet upon some important expedition. You have 
 
 no doubt heard of the changes of our M y viz. : of Mr. 
 
 Pitt's being made Secretary of State and M r Elliot one of 
 the Lords of the Admiralty, &c. &c. &c. 
 
 M r Brown and M r Marjoribanks present their Comp t8 to 
 you, the latter would be glad of a line from you, he is afraid 
 you have forgot him. Our Countryman M r Hume the 
 Minister has a new Tragedy called Douglas l to be acted at 
 Covent Garden in about a fortnight hence. If it is published 
 before the fleet sails I'll send you a copy of it. There has 
 been two or three new farces played at Drury Lane this 
 season but none of them are very good, the last one called 
 The Author wrote by M r Foote is the best, so I will send 
 you a Copy of it. The Character of Cadwallader is an 
 entirely new one, and plays very well upon the stage. Foote 
 himself performs it. 
 
 This letter draws to a great length so I will conclude while 
 I think on't, but I beg you'll believe me. 
 
 [Signature torn off.] 
 To M r Caleb Whitefoord 
 
 at the house of Mess Dawson and Harris 
 Merchants in 
 
 Oporto. 
 
 1 Home's Douglas was produced at Covent Garden in Feb. 1757, when Barry 
 played Young Norval and Peg Woffington Lady Randolph. 
 
134 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO ALLAN WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 [OPORTO], 20 th April, [1757.] 
 
 SIR, 
 
 I had the honour of writing to you from London and 
 likewise on my arrival at this place since which I have rec d 
 none of your esteem'd favo rs . Ever since I have been here 
 I have kept my health but very indifferently, nor do I think 
 I shall ever agree with the country. The fever and flux 
 which I mention'd in my last have given such a shock to 
 my constitution that I am afraid I shan't recover for some 
 time. Besides, another obstacle has occurr'd to prevent my 
 settling here, and which will drive most of the merchants out 
 of the place. The K. of P. has granted a charter to a set of 
 people 1 , who have monopolised indeed the whole of it, to 
 form them into a company for carrying on the wine trade. 
 They have the sole privilege of selling to taverners and 
 exporting to Lisbon and the colonies. They have likewise 
 a right of coming into any of the factory or cellars, tasting his 
 wines and of putting any mark they please upon them. If 
 they put a bad mark on them, the merchant can't export 
 them,, but must sell them to the Co 7 for what they chuse to 
 give, whatever price the merchant has paid not regarded : so 
 that they have it in their power at any time to ruin any 
 man in the factory : the merchants have sent their consul to 
 Court to represent this as an infringement of our rights and 
 privileges, but he is ret d without being able to obtain any 
 rights. &c. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO A FRIEND.] 
 
 [OPORTO, 1757.] 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 I return you a thousand thanks for your agreeable 
 letter of the 26 th ult and your kind concern for me. I am 
 now a great deal better and by the means of a few more 
 
 1 The Oporto Company was created in 1755. [Bonnassieux, Les Grandes 
 Compagnies de Commerce, p. 461.] 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO A FRIEND. 135 
 
 nauseous hope to be restored to health and to society. It 
 gives me great pleasure to hear that you are well. Indeed 
 'tis no wonder that you sho d be so low in spirits, considering 
 the tender charge you have of so dear a brother, but I dread 
 to ask any questions about him. The counsel has given us 
 his character, which is so amiable that everyone here is in- 
 terested in his safety. Yet alas ! what avails it, that every 
 bosom pants for his recovery, if Providence has decreed his 
 doom ? Perhaps at this instant he breathes no more. If so, 
 I hope he is happy, and that you will be enabled to bear with 
 patience so great and so affecting a loss. 
 
 I am glad to find that we shall once more have the pleasure 
 of your company. 'Twill be some consolation to us in our 
 present distress, as two of our best and most entertaining 
 members are unluckily confined to their beds, viz., the Consul 
 and Arboyne, the former with a kick he rec d from my horse and 
 the latter of an intermitting fever. You must know that the 
 consul and Capt. Logic with several ladies and other gentle- 
 men had made a party to go to Spiritu Santo on Sunday 
 Se'enight. Accordingly we set out in the morning in as high 
 spirits as agreable company and chearful weather could 
 inspire ; in short, everyone promis'd himself a happy day. 
 But alas ! How are all our enjoyments checquer'd with cross 
 events. We had not got half way when the following acci- 
 dent turn'd all our mirth to sadness. The consul's horse 
 (who by way of parenthesis is somewhat vicious) attempted 
 to bite mine. My horse was so affronted at this that he 
 wheel'd about and return'd the compliment with his heels. 
 One of the blows fell on the Consul's leg and we all as well 
 as himself imagin'd it was broke, but luckily it was on the 
 hind part just under the calf, so that I hope it will be attended 
 with no worse consequences than some weeks confinement. 
 You may judge how much we were all concern'd at the acci- 
 dent, and I in particular who had the most reason to be so. 
 The Consul behaved with great spirit, and tho' in excessive 
 pain,ould not help indulging that vein of humour which is 
 so natural to him. However he was incapable of bearing the 
 motion of a horse so that a chair was sent for which convey' d 
 
136 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 him to town where he was immediately bled to prevent 
 a fever. 
 
 Poor Arboyne's case is an intermitting fever which he has 
 
 labour'd under for some time and is now given over by 
 
 himself. He has been reduced to his last prayers, which he 
 has utter'd in all the different languages he is master of, for 
 fear (as some waggish person said) lest G d Al m y 
 should not understand him. But after all I hope he will 
 recover, 'tis pity that so drole and so entertaining a fellow 
 sho d die : there are no letters for you except the inclosed from 
 Stafford. Honest Joe has received your last, he does not 
 write tonight but begs his compliments. The post only 
 leaves me time to add that I am &c. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO THOMAS BROWN.] 
 
 [OPORTO, 1757.] 
 DEAR TOM, 
 
 I rec d your last about 6 weeks ago since which time 
 I have been extremely ill, and indeed don't think I shall 
 ever agree with this country. It must be a long while before 
 my constitution can get the better of the fever and flux I had 
 at Coimbra, which had like to have carried me out of y e world. 
 Besides the climate is so very hot, that the reflection of the 
 sun from this parch'd sandy soil has almost blinded me. 
 I observe with pleasure that you are now upon the point of 
 opening into trade and that your good friend the Cap* is 
 coming to town to settle you. I hope you'll let me know 
 the moment you begin, as likewise what answer you receive 
 from M r Allan Whitefoord. 
 
 I bewail the unfortunate ticket but can't say I was much 
 disappointed. Your conversation with the old gentleman 
 pleased me greatly : I hope his eyes are now open'd ; nobody 
 was so capable of clearing up matters to him as you : I dare- 
 say he wo d be surprised, and hope it may set some people to 
 rights in his opinion: By his asking you if you had any 
 partner in view I suppose he imagin'd I was the person. Is 
 it not very strange that M r Stewart has never wrote me 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO SIR ARCHER CROFT. 137 
 
 once since my departure, tho' I have epistolised him several 
 times ? 
 
 I told you in my last that I sho d write something to 
 J[ames] Sinclair] to amuse him. The foil 8 incident furnish'd 
 me with materials for it. You must know Sir that there is 
 a new trading company formed here, but they are ret d without 
 being able to obtain any redress. As the factory have bo* 
 no wines the people in the wine country are starving. The 
 taverners in this city are in the same situation, which has occa- 
 sion'd a mob to rise ag st the Company ; but this (instead of 
 being attended with any good effects) has occasion'd our 
 being loaded w th a number of troops both horse and foot who 
 are all quarter'd in the town, so that it seems as if the Court 
 was determin'd to support this new Company. However dis- 
 agreeable it is to the country corn is very scarce here at 
 present, but these wise people have publish'd an edict for- 
 bidding the price to be rais'd so that in all probability they 
 must starve, for nobody will import under their restrictions. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO SIR ARCHER CROFT *.] 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 I hope this will find you safe arrived in the Land of 
 Liberty, thrice happy Isle, where there are no Joam D'Al- 
 madas to disarm you nor Disembargadors to confine you 
 within the narrow Limits of y e Town walls. No more you '11 
 walk along the dirty shore, nor view from Porta Nova the 
 mansion of your Favourite Sheep. No more you'll mount 
 to Rosa's curs'd Abode, nor saunter all y e morning hours on 
 'Change. No more on Monday nights you'll grace our 
 meetings, and tell the Virtues of the Portuguese. No we 
 shall never see you here again, you went away w th too bad an 
 opinion of the place ever to return : yet to do it Justice, 
 there are a few here who have a Relish for Society, and con- 
 
 1 The son of Sir Archer Croft, M.P. for Leominster; married (April 24, 1759) 
 Elizabeth Charlotta, second daughter and co-heir of Ashley Cowper, Esq., by 
 whom he had three daughters. He died without male issue on Nov. 30, 1792, 
 when he was succeeded by his brother John. 
 
138 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 tribute to make our Time pass agreeably. These Few f$is 
 needless to name 'em) all mourn your Absence and wish your 
 Return : As for myself I don't believe I shall remain here 
 many months longer, but may probably see London before 
 Winter comes on. 
 
 Things are much in the same situation as when you left us. 
 Whist still flourishes, only the Scene is chang'd to Mazarello's. 
 The Roads are still guarded, and they are every day seizing 
 some unhappy wretch, of whom they once a week make 
 a long Procession thro' the Streets, which as you have seen 
 I need not describe. The Castle is quite full of Prisoners, 
 and the young Judge goes down now and then to review 'em. 
 He and the Consul are grown vastly intimate. A % few days 
 ago they went on board of the English 20 Ship that lays off 
 the Barr and dined there. I believe they sacrificed pretty 
 largely to y e God Bacchus, for the Judge was sent reeling 
 home. Was not this a bold stroke ? The people here could 
 scarce believe their Eyes : but they are vastly changed of 
 late ; from an insolent noisy crew, they have been dragoon'd 
 into y e most abject wretches that you can conceive, but 
 I don't pity 'em, they richly deserv'd it. 
 
 About 3 weeks ago Miss Harriet was join'd in Holy 
 Wedlock to M r Croft. Immediately after y e Ceremony was 
 perform'd they retired to his Quinta at Agoas Santas where 
 they amused themselves for a fortnight, and are now return'd 
 to Town to receive the compliments of y e Season. Your 
 Friend Stafford is at last arriv'd at Biddeford and he says he 
 did not receive any of y e Letters that we wrote him while in 
 France. I don't find that any have come for you since your 
 departure otherwise I sho d have forwarded them. 
 
 Several of your old Acquaintances often ask me about you, 
 and I am asham'd to tell them I know nothing of your 
 motions : Do dear S r Archer write me sometimes, it will be 
 some Comfort in this remote Corner to hear from you, who 
 are at y e Fountain head of Intelligence. I beg you'll believe 
 me to be with great sincerity 
 
 Your most obedient servant, 
 
 C. W. 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO STAFFORD. 139 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO STAFFORD.] 
 
 DEAR STAFTY, 
 
 I sent a long Epistle after thee to France, which 
 I am sorry to hear thou never didst receive. It contain'd 
 a number of curious particulars, which now I don't recollect, 
 so they alas ! must die in oblivion, and thou, O Stafty, live 
 uninform'd. But here let me congratulate thee on the Re- 
 covery of thy Liberty and return into the Land of Freedom. 
 ... I am at present all in Heroicks. I have been just now 
 composing an Epithalamion on the marriage of the lovely 
 Harriet : What married ? (sayst thou) yes. Thursday's sun 
 was witness to the Deed, and trust me a fairer never rose. 
 The Heavens wore a gayer face than usual, and seem'd as if 
 they smiled upon their Nuptials. Soon as the Priest had 
 mutter'd o'er the Rites, we left the noisy Town and sought 
 the shade. (On horseback we, the Ladies in a Litter.) We 
 reach'd y cool Retreat of Agoas Santas whilst yet the Day 
 was young, and there at night we left the happy pair, to taste 
 those Joys, which Lovers only know. But I suppose thou 
 hast already enough of Heroicks, therefore we shall now 
 descend to humble Prose. Had I not taken my Leave of 
 Heroicks, I shou'd now lament in doleful Strains the untimely 
 Fate of poor Lyon, who lately died a violent Death. You 
 must know that M r Dawson, from several Symptoms suspected 
 him of Madness, and so without my knowledge gave private 
 orders for his Suffocation, but whether his Vital Breath was 
 stop'd by Water or the Twisted Noose, alas I know not : If 
 he had not been cut off thus in the flower of youth he might 
 have proved a faithful dog, but Fate had otherwise ordain'd> 
 and We must submitt. But enough of y e Dead, proceed we 
 now to our living things. Our Horse, by the great Skill and 
 constant Attendance of D r Rock and my man Francis is at 
 last recover'd from all his Distemper and is now in very good 
 case. I have not been able to hear of a purchaser for him, 
 indeed if I imagin'd you would be as soon over as I wish you 
 I sho d not sell him at all. I beg you'll acquaint me with 
 your motions as soon as possible. You have the esteem of 
 
140 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 everyone here whom you w d wish to please so that your 
 Return will be very agreeable to the better part of y e Factors. 
 As for my own part I shan't stay many months longer but 
 may probably see London this winter, so pray write me on 
 the first opportunity. Things continue much in the same 
 Situation as when you left us. The Town is very dull at 
 pres* as most People are gone to their Quintas : We have 
 a large fleet consisting of near 50 ships will sail in a few Days 
 and carries 10 or 1300 Pipes. I shall take that opportunity 
 of writing you and send the only Letter which has come for 
 you since your Departure, and shall likewise inclose the verses 
 on M" Croft's Marriage, if you are curious to see them. 
 Adieu Dear Stafford believe me always 
 
 Your's most Affectionately. 
 
 I suppose you know your Fr* S r Archer [is] in England, 
 his Direction is in Kensington Square. 
 
 [JAMES MuNDELL 1 TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 EDiN r , April 19, 1763. 
 
 D r SIR, 
 
 My Son Robert, and only Child, waits on you with 
 this, a Trouble which, I hope, you'll forgive. The handsome 
 manner in which you acquitted yourself, when I had the 
 pleasure of you for a pupil, recommended you so strongly to 
 my Affection, that, so far from being effaced by time, it is still 
 as fresh for you, as the day you left me. This is not the 
 language of Flattery, but of Truth and Sincerity. 
 
 Robie, the Bearer, inclines much to go into the Army, and 
 tho' he has lost some Time, yet, as he declares, he wou'd be 
 happier in that, than any other way of Life, I comply with 
 his Inclinations. 
 
 1 Mundell was one of the most distinguished teachers in Edinburgh from about 
 1740 to 1760. After his death several of his former scholars amongst whom 
 were the Earl of Buchan, Lord Hermand, Lord Polkemmet, Lord Balmuto, 
 Dr. Andrew Hunter and Caleb Whitefoord, founded a club in memory of him. 
 The members dined together at stated periods, and at those meetings each one 
 was addressed by the soubriquet which he bore when one of the ' schule laddies.' 
 [Kafs Portraits, i. 298.] 
 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 141 
 
 By this Time, My D r Sir, you probably understand that 
 I wou'd presume, to solicit your Interest to procure him 
 a Commission. We wou'd have it, if possible, in an old 
 Regiment. If that cannot be got, in any other. This favour 
 will receive additional Merit, if soon procured, as the young 
 man cannot well bear more loss of Time. 
 
 I own, D r Sir, I have no Claim on you, further than your 
 Goodness permits ; but flatter myself, that the Generosity 
 of your Nature will prompt you, to do an important good 
 office to the Son of your old Master, which he and I will 
 ever be thankful for, tho' unable to requite. 
 
 A few days ago, having the Pleasure to sup with your 
 Friend, Mr. Allan Whitefoord, He told me, ' That he was 
 sure you wou'd do any good Office to my Son, that was in 
 your Power.' My Finances don't enable me both to buy 
 a Commission, and advance money to get Robie Rank after- 
 wards. If he can get a Commission without money, I wou'd 
 incline to advance a little to bring him up. 
 
 If you will be so good, D r Sir, as exert yourself to answer 
 the intention of this Letter effectually, you will lay me under 
 an Obligation, greater than I can express. 
 
 I beg pardon for this trouble, and am with great Respect, 
 My Dear Sir, 
 
 Your most ob* 
 
 and most humble Ser* 
 JA: MUNDELL. 
 
 [BENJAMIN FRANKLIN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 PHILAD A , Dec. 9, 1762. 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 I thank you for your kind Congratulations on my 
 Son's Promotion and Marriage 1 . If he makes a good 
 Governor and a good Husband (as I hope he will, for I 
 know he has good Principles and good Dispositions) those 
 Events will both of them give me continual Pleasure. 
 
 1 William Franklin was appointed Governor of New Jersey in August, 1762, 
 and married Miss Downes on Sept. 5, 1762. 
 
142 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 The Taking of the Havanah, on which I congratulate you, 
 is a Conquest of the greatest Importance, and will doubtless 
 contribute a due Share of Weight in procuring us reasonable 
 Terms of Peace ; if John Bull does not get drunk with 
 Victory, double his Fists, and bid all the World kiss his 
 A e ; till he provokes them to drub him again into his 
 senses. It has been however the dearest Conquest by far 
 that we have purchas'd this War, when we consider the terrible 
 Havock made by Sickness in that brave Army of Veterans, 
 now almost totally ruined ! 
 
 I thank you for the humorous and sensible Print you sent me, 
 which afforded me and several of my Friends great Pleasure. 
 The Piece from your own Pencil is acknowledg'd to bear 
 a strong and striking Likeness; but it is otherwise such 
 a Picture of your Friend as Dr. Smith would have drawn, 
 black and all black 1 . I think you will hardly understand 
 this Remark, but your Neighbour good Mrs. Stevenson 2 , 
 can explain it. 
 
 Painting has yet scarce made her Appearance among us ; 
 but her Sister Art, Poetry, has some Votaries. I send you 
 a few Blossoms of American Verse, the Lispings of our 
 young Muses ; which I hope your Motherly Critics will treat 
 with some Indulgence. 
 
 I shall never touch the Sweet Strings of the British Harp 
 without remembering my British Friends, and particularly 
 the kind Giver of the Instrument, who has my best Wishes of 
 Happiness for himself, and for his Wife and his Children, 
 against it shall please God to send him any. 
 
 I am, Dear Sir, with the sincerest Esteem 
 
 Your most obedient and most humble Servant 
 
 B. FRANKLIN. 
 
 My Complim* 3 to Count Brown. Will is not yet arriv'd. 
 Perhaps he winters once more in your happy Island ! 
 
 1 Cf. ' That famous horse Othello alias Black and all Black.' [New Foundling 
 Hospital for Wit, 1784,^ 269.] 
 
 a Mrs. Stevenson lived in Craven Street. Dr. Franklin lodged with her on his 
 visit to England in 1757. Her daughter Mary, to whom many of Dr. Franklin's 
 letters are addressed, married William Hewson, the famous surgeon and anatomist. 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO KNIGHT. 143 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO KNIGHT.] 
 
 LONDON, 15 Fe6r v , 1766. 
 
 DEAR KNIGHT, 
 
 I receiv'd your kind Epistle of 27 th ult . Tis very 
 flattering to me to hear that my Performances have met 
 with so favourable a Reception in the Athens of Britain, and 
 the commendations of so near a Friend as yourself are par- 
 ticularly pleasing. Had I known that you lik'd to amuse 
 yourself with laughing at the Politicks of the Times, I 
 shou'd have sent you occasionally every remarkable Piece 
 that appear'd. 
 
 What first engag'd me in political Controversy, was a desire 
 of undeceiving the Publick, as to the notion which prevail'd 
 two years ago, that most places of Trust and Profit in 
 England were engross'd by Scotchmen. This Assertion, 
 false and absurd as it was, had been frequently repeated by 
 the North Briton and Monitor ; and as nobody took the 
 pains to confute it, every John Bull in the kingdom believed 
 it as firmly as his Creed. I undertook to combat this Opinion, 
 in a series of Letters sign'd Philo-Veritas, and with the 
 Assistance of the Court Calendar, (a Book universally read 
 and studied here), had the satisfaction of proving that there 
 was not a Scotchman possess'd of a Place at any one of the 
 Boards in England, and that Mr. North Briton and Mr. 
 Monitor were a couple of the most infamous Lyars and 
 Incendiaries that ever disgrac'd the Liberty of the Press 
 and impos'd on the credulity of the Publick. 
 
 Whenever any change of Ministry happen'd, and the Party 
 Writers on both sides began the Work of serious abuse, 
 I have always endeavour'd to make such changes a matter of 
 Laughter than of serious concern to the People, by turning 
 them into horse Races, Ship News, &c., and these Pieces 
 have generally succeeded beyond my most sanguine Expecta- 
 tions, altho' they were not season'd with private Scandal or 
 personal Abuse, of which our good Neighbours of South 
 Britain are realy too fond. Thus much of my political 
 Conduct I have thought it necessary to recount as We had 
 
144 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 got upon the Subject, and now let us proceed to Buzzyness 
 as our Friend the Count expresses it. ****** 
 
 [JAMES HUNTER* TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 ED R , i4/w/x, 1766. 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 I have behaved in so ungenteel a manner in not reply- 
 ing to your letter of the i6 th Jan y , that now I blush (you 
 know I my addicted to blushing) even at the distance of 400 
 miles, when I confess to you that I received it. The lucu- 
 brations of Jacobina Henriques, and those of the admirer of 
 Shakespear, received not only from me, but from those of 
 far superior judgement, all that great applause, which their 
 ingenuity and fancy so justly called for. If our newspapers 
 more frequently contained such dissertations I sho d more 
 frequently peruse them ; but how seldom do we meet with 
 an author of such singular and engaging merit. 
 
 M r Beattie, professor at Aberdeen, has lately published, 
 at Johnston's at Ludgate hill, a volume of Poems. His 
 humble birth and unambitious disposition is adorned with 
 an elevated genius, and dignity of mind. I beseech you to 
 read his publication, and if you discover it to be deserving of 
 your approbation, I am hopeful that you will do him the 
 service, and me the favour, to recommend him to the attention 
 of the circle of your poetical freinds. Sir William Forbes 2 
 and M r Arbuthnot 3 , (both of them intimates of the author's, 
 do most sincerely second my request, with the addition of 
 their best Comp ts . I offer mine to good M r Brown, and all 
 that I have further to say is, that if you do not already, you 
 may hereafter believe me to be, D r S r , 
 
 Your freind and mo. ob* serv* 
 
 JAMES HUNTER. 
 
 My best comp ts to M r T. Coutts. I just now am happy 
 to hear he has got a son. 
 
 1 Afterwards Sir James Hunter Blair, banker and M.P. for Edinburgh, d. 1787. 
 3 One of Hunter's partners and author of An Account of the Life and Writings 
 of James Beattie, &c., d. 1806. 3 Robert Arbuthnot, d. 1803. 
 
JOHN MACKENZIE TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 145 
 
 [JOHN MACKENZIE TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 SIR, ED*, 11^*^,1769. 
 
 It is hard to say from so very general and short 
 acquaintance as I had the pleasure to form with you whether 
 you will be most surpriz'd with the Subscription or Subject 
 of this Epistle. Yet I take courage to address you from that 
 Generosity of mind which commonly attends those who have 
 the Happy taste of Letters mixt with good humour. 
 
 The case in short is this. A young friend, not above 22 
 years old, who is a Scholar, and tho* following a practicall Em- 
 ployment for bread diverts himself much both with the Latin 
 and English poets, has in his Leisure hours try'd his hand on 
 composing a Tragedy and taken the famous Roman Story of 
 Virginius's Stabbing his Daughter for his subject, with which 
 you are probably far better acquainted than I. Most acci- 
 dentally the performance fell into my hands, but as blind men 
 are ill Judges of Colours and few attorneys Learn'd beyond 
 title pages, tho' I read it with some satisfaction, I had not 
 skill sufficient to determine in myself whether or not it has 
 merits for publick attention. I ventured on a few observa- 
 tions and call'd on the author to answer them, which he did in 
 the inclos'd paper. His modesty wanted much to stifle the 
 whole as a rash Lusus Ingenii, rever meant for more than 
 his own amusement, which I would not allow, till it should be 
 shown to some proper Judge and Insisted that he should 
 consign it to me and it struck me at the same time that 
 I would transmitt the performance to you who I know by 
 character well Qualified to distinguish good from bad in 
 matters which depend on Taste, Genius and precision. Will 
 you then be so obliging as it accompanys this letter to bestow 
 an hour upon it ... I am with Esteem, Sir, 
 
 Your most obedient serv* 
 
 Jo: MACKENZIE. 
 
146 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [B. KEITH 1 TO MESSRS. BROWN AND WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 PORTSMOUTH, Sep r 13^, 1769. 
 MY DEAR TOM AND CALEB, 
 
 I have but time to say I am in perfect health. We 
 arriv'd last night. I long much to see you, my boys. I hope 
 to be paid off here. Cheap sent me a pipe of Madeira to use 
 if I wanted it, if not to make it over to you. As I have no 
 use for it you may have it if you chuse it, but write directly 
 what I am to do with it in case I shou'd be order'd from this 
 port. I have some right Jamaica Stingo but you must pay 
 the duty. Give me the news. Cornp* 8 to my Freinds. You 
 know the Post comes here every day. 
 
 Yours &c. &c. 
 
 B. KEITH: 
 
 [T. BRADSHAW TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR WHITEFOORD, Se P*- 2 3> 
 
 I send you an account of the Aylesbury meeting 2 . 
 Could not you turn it into ridicule and shew that it consisted 
 principally of boys just come into life and of new Men who 
 have just acquired (God knows how) a small property in the 
 County, and not in the least of Men of Great Estates or of 
 old Buckinghamshire families, and as our enemies have dis- 
 graced themselves by their transactions in India Stock ; 
 I think that ought to be made known to the world, and this 
 crime urged against them. Remember, My dear W., they do 
 not spare us. 
 
 I am this moment returning to Brighthelmstone, but at all 
 times 
 
 Most sincerely and affect ly y rs 
 
 T. BRADSHAW. 
 
 1 Captain in the Royal Navy; afterwards Sir Basil Keith, appointed Governor 
 of Jamaica in 17 73 in succession to Sir William Trelawny. He died on June 15, 
 1777. Three years afterwards a cenotaph of marble by Wilton, R.A., was erected 
 in his memory in the church of St. Jago de la Vega, Kingston. His epitaph is 
 given in the Scots Magazine (1780), p. 428. 
 
 2 Held probably in connexion with the Buckinghamshire Petition, presented 
 Nov. 30, 1769. John Aubrey and Anthony Bacon were at this time the members 
 for Aylesbury. 
 
H. S. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 147 
 
 [J. S. TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR JACK IN THE WATER, [1769?] 
 
 Before I go to bed, let me inform you that your sweet 
 scented neighbour has this evening at a meeting of Surrey 
 Justices pulled M r Ponton by the nose, for saying, that any 
 set of men, who met (as Sir Joseph had said of the supporters 
 
 of the Bill of Rights) to correct the oppressions of the K , 
 
 L s, and C s were a very contemptible assembly. 
 
 And in return, Sir Joseph has received from said M r Ponton 
 two most damnable hard blows. 
 
 Query for Jack in the Water. Can Sir Joseph, who 
 avowedly possesses a large share of British Spirit put up with 
 these blows, or will he Hoggishly only grunt. I can only tell 
 you that from my information he went off grunting and 
 talking big about Priviledge of Parliament, but I don't 
 believe this to be true. I suspect my Author to be partial. 
 Adieu ! 
 
 J.S. 
 
 [H. S. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DEAR SIR, Saturday noon [1769]. 
 
 I wrote to Mr. G. 1 no longer ago than on Tuesday last 
 in behalf of Paul 2 , and from my endeavours to tickle him by 
 extracting the Character of Falstaff from his Ode and by 
 mentioning him so strongly as the inimitable &c., I had 
 some Hopes of succeeding, but as yet 'tis in vain. I have 
 call'd on him Times innumerable. I call'd on our Friend in 
 Manchester Buildings, on Tuesday se'nnight, but not finding 
 him at home wrote to him and strongly urged the Necessity 
 Paul stood in at present of the Assistance of his Friends. 
 I have not as yet heard, but have no doubt I shall from him. 
 I call'd at M r Colman's House and at the Theatre on Wed- 
 nesday but was not in the luck to meet with him. Paul has 
 praised his Management much and if there is any Gratitude 
 
 1 Garrick. 2 Paul Adams. 
 
 L 2 
 
148 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 left why I must hope to see some Speecimen. I have given 
 such Directions concerning the Time of the Evening Papers 
 being left as will I hope save you the Trouble of saying any 
 more on that Subject. The Draft you will please to observe 
 will require your Endorsement. 
 
 Yours &c. 
 
 H. S. W. 
 
 [TOBIAS SMOLLETT TO CALEB WHITEFOORD l .] 
 MY DEAR SIR, MONTE-NERO, May 18*, 1770. 
 
 You could not have made me a more agreeable 
 Present than the Papers I received by the hands of our good 
 friend D r Armstrong 2 . Some of the Pieces I had read with 
 great Pleasure in one of your Evening papers ; but my Satis- 
 faction is much increased by knowing you are the Author : 
 for, without Flattery, I really think these Fourteen Letters 
 contain more sense. Spirit, Wit and Humour, than all I have 
 as yet seen wrjtten on the other side of the question ; and 
 I am fully persuaded that if you had two or three Coadjutors 
 of equal Talents, to play to one another's hands, and keep up 
 the Ball of Argument and Ridicule, you would actually at the 
 long run, either shame or laugh the people out of their absurd 
 Infatuation. Your Ideas of Characters and things so exactly 
 tally with mine, that I cannot help flattering myself so far as 
 to imagine I should have expressed my Sentiments in the 
 same manner on the same subjects, had I been disposed 
 to make them public ; supposing still that my ability corre- 
 sponded with my ambition. I hope you will not discontinue 
 your Endeavours to represent Faction and False patriotism 
 in their true Colours, tho' I believe the Ministry little deserves 
 that any man of genius should draw his pen in their Defence. 
 They seem to inherit the absurd Stoicism of Lord Bute, who 
 set himself up as a Pillory to be pelted by all the Blackguards 
 
 1 This letter has been printed in Roscoe's Smollett, but it is reprinted here as it 
 belongs to the Whitefoord collection. 
 
 3 John Armstrong, M.D., d. 1779. T ^ e MSS. of several essays by Dr. Arm- 
 strong are amongst the Whitefoord papers. 
 
SMOLLETT TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 149 
 
 of England, upon the supposition that they would grow tired 
 and leave off. I don't find that your Ministers take any 
 pains even to vindicate their moral Characters from the foulest 
 Imputation ; and I would never desire a stronger proof of 
 a bad Heart, than a total Disregard of Reputation. A late 
 Nobleman who had been a member of several Administrations, 
 owned to me that one good Writer was of more Importance 
 to the Government, than twenty placemen in the House of 
 Commons. I don't know when I shall have an opportunity 
 of transmitting the papers to M r Udney l , neither do I know 
 in what part of Italy he resides. I should have sent them by 
 D r Armstrong to Rome, had I read your Letter before he 
 set out : but as he stayed at Leghorne only to dine with me, 
 I did not open your Pacquet till he was gone. However, 
 I shall not fail to comply with your Directions as soon as 
 possible. I am at present rusticated on the side of a Mountain 
 that overlooks the sea, in the Neighbourhood of Leghorne, 
 a most romantic and Salutary Situation, where I should be 
 happy in receiving another such mark of your charity and 
 goodwill ; and if there is any thing in Tuscany that you desire, 
 I beg you will without Ceremony, put it in my power to 
 oblige you. Pray ; who is old Slyboots ? Is not Junius sup- 
 posed to be Burkel What is become of M M Macaulay? 
 They say she has been obliged to retire: for what reason 
 I know not. Do pray throw away half an hour in giving me 
 the political Anecdotes of the Times, and direct a Mons r 
 Smollett, chez Mons r Renner Negotiant a Livourne. In the 
 meantime wishing you every Comfort and Consolation that 
 this rascally age affords, I am with great affection and 
 Esteem, 
 
 Dear Sir, 
 
 Your very humble Serv* 
 
 T s SMOLLETT. 
 
 1 Robert Udny, F.R.S. and F.S.A., d. in 1802. 
 
150 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [JOHN MACKENZIE TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 S IR} EDINR, 21 Aug. 1770. 
 
 You oblig'd me very much by yours of the i6 th of Last 
 Month, with your assistant fiiends, perhaps your own, obser- 
 vations on what I sent you as a tragedy under the name of 
 Virginius. These I communicated to my young friend who 
 owns the justice of them with as much modesty as greater 
 poets usually admitt in defending their own performances. 
 Inclos'd is my freind's Letter of thanks and his Peccavi. He 
 has as Little Conceit as most of them. His practicall pro- 
 fession for Bread is no higher than Clerk to one of our 
 Exchequer attorneys and his age scarce ai. That he has 
 some genius is obvious and that he is a good classical Scholar 
 I have occasion to know from his frequent Detections of my 
 own Ignorance and that he has thumb'd many good books 
 in a rationall not in a monkish way I learn from his conver- 
 sation I am with Esteem, Sir, 
 
 Your most obedient Serv* 
 
 Jo: MACKENZIE. 
 
 [H. S. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 Not to part with Copies is you know a Fundamental 
 Principle with Printers of News Papers. You are at any 
 Time welcome to view my Collection of MSS. as a Brother 
 Virtuoso but it must be in my own Hands, as it is not 
 common for Virtuosos to trust a Butterfly, or even a Queen 
 Anne's Farthing out of their Hands. In short there is more 
 Reason for this Caution than good men are aware of. And 
 you, I hope, believe I should be as scrupulously careful of the 
 MSS. of any Friend of yours. I fear I must spend my Friday 
 in Westminster Hall, and probably my Friday Night in the 
 King's Bench, as my unfortunate Law Suit continues not only 
 to be troublesome, Expensive and vexatious, but draws to 
 
JAMES COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 151 
 
 a very critical Period, as the Coroner is not satisfied with 
 Concessions made, but persecutes me with unrelenting Fury. 
 
 Yours most sincerely 
 
 H. S. W. 
 
 [H. S. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 Wednesday noon, [1770.] 
 
 You could not my dear Sir be more sorry than I was 
 vex'd as well as surpriz'd at seeing them in the Public 
 Advertiser. I had Business at Westminster Hall which de- 
 tain'd me till near Three o'Clock and on opening a Letter 
 containing some excellent Lines in answer I really imagined 
 the Author had mistaken the Paper or omitted to name that 
 in which the Epigram had really appeared ; as it was inserted 
 without my knowledge under the supposition that I had seen 
 it. You will I believe venture to answer for me that it is very 
 far from my Disposition to intentionally give offence to any 
 one ; and the suppression of the Letter in answer to one from 
 Italy addressed to Sir J. R. 1 in the P. A. some time since, 
 is surely a Proof that that gentleman would be one of the last. 
 I am exceedingly sorry for this disagreeable Circumstance, 
 but you may be assured I shall take particular Care that the 
 P. A. shall not be disgraced in future by Lines Letters or 
 Paragraphs in abuse of a Gentleman of his Worth and Abilities. 
 If you have an Opportunity your setting this Matter to Rights 
 will greatly oblige, Dear Sir, 
 
 Yours sincerely 
 
 H. S. WOODFALL. 
 
 [JAMES COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MARGATE, Wednesday morning, [1771.] 
 
 I have just received yo r obliging letter with the accountts of 
 Lady Mary Scott's 2 fate. I call it fate because I am now 
 thoroughly convinced of what I always imagin'd that she 
 
 1 ? Sir Joshua Reynolds. 
 a Lady Mary Hay, eldes 
 1770) Major-General John Scot, of Balcomie. 
 
 a Lady Mary Hay, eldest daughter of James, Earl of Enrol, married (Nov. 6, 
 r-General John Scot, of Balcoi 
 
I $2, THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 gave the General her hand by the persuasion of her friends. 
 She might be innocent then, and if so, have they not a great 
 deal to answer for! Sutherland is unfortunate, not to say 
 worse, but the temptation was great. Probably the constant 
 attendant of a beautiful neglected wife, and if ever you saw 
 him you wou'd feell the more for Lady M. I think him one 
 of the handsomest men I ever saw, quite the contrast of the 
 General. 
 
 We have here a very fine country for riding and most 
 beautiful sea views. I propose remaining a fortnight longer 
 if I find the bath g &c. agree and you will oblige me much by 
 dropping me a line however short. If the Count is ret d I wish 
 you or he w d make a party w* the Capt. or Jack Moffatt or 
 whom you please so that you do come. We have an excel- 
 lent sea water Hot Bath w ch I am persuaded is good for 
 either of y r complaints and it is most delightfully agree- 
 able. But I will not attempt to describe the Nymphs. Has 
 our worthy friend Mill 1 left any Legacies and to whom. I'm 
 sorry his point of Honor was so extended but it was not 
 unlike the Man. Give my kindest respects to the D r . 
 
 I'm almost sorry the Lady is catcht for surely she must 
 still be susceptible of shame or a year has made great 
 changes. 
 
 What relation is Sutherland to the Gen 1 ? 
 
 [JAMES SCOTT 2 TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 DEAR SIR, SIMONBURN, OcT y e 14 th , 1771- 
 
 You can easily conceive what a Variety of Business I have 
 had upon my Hands since I left London in taking Possession 
 of a Living and a Wife (two things that require a good deal 
 of Attention and Management) and I am sure can as easily 
 forgive me not paying my respects to you, till the Hurry was 
 a little over. I am now quite settled into a muzzy Country 
 
 1 John Mill. 
 
 a James Scott, D.D., was born at Leeds in 1733. He was a Fellow of Trinity 
 College, Cambridge. He was appointed Rector of Simonburn, Northumberland, 
 in March, 1771, and married, on May 21 in the same year, Miss Jenny Harmood. 
 
JAMES SCOTT TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 153 
 
 parson, and a humdrum Husband : but I cannot so far forget 
 myself, as not to recall to mind the pleasure I have enjoy'd 
 in your company, and express an earnest desire of cultivating 
 so agreeable an Acquaintance. I should be excessively happy 
 to hear from you now and then ; as Parmeno says in Terence 
 ' ubi tu voles, ubi molestum non erit.' I cannot admit a Cor- 
 respondence without this Restriction ; as it is impossible for 
 me in this remote Angle of the world, to repay you with the 
 least entertainment. Indeed a mutuation of Letters between 
 us must be like the Exchange of Belts in Homer, between 
 Diomede and Hector ; you must take one of Leather for 
 yours of Embroidery and Gold. 
 
 I had a flying Billet some time ago from M r Gray 1 , in his 
 Journey to Scotland : which I answer'd immediately both to 
 his own house, and to the Inn where I expected him to put 
 up at Newcastle upon his Return ; the latter was sent me 
 back, and I am much doubtful whether the other ever arrived, 
 as the Posts between this place and Scotland are so confused 
 and indirect. Pray make my excuses to him when you see 
 him next, for not giving him the Meeting as he wished at 
 Newcastle, which was unhappily out of my Power. 
 
 I am so far removed here from the scene of action, that I never 
 hear a single Word of Politics : we are all good Politicians in 
 this country. We constantly after Dinner drink the King 
 and his Friends, and despise John Wilkes, and his whole 
 Gang. Pray send me word what the Patriots are doing. 
 I long to be at them again, but I am so happily situated here 
 that I cannot think of launching my little Bark into the 
 troublesome Ocean without being asked, lest I should run 
 foul of an old Proverb, which says, that proffered service 
 stinks. 
 
 Everything here in regard to my Living and the Pleasant- 
 ness of the country far exceeded my hopes : I never saw 
 a more agreeable Situation, and the Value of my Living is at 
 present 985 p r An. and it is increasing yearly. 
 
 I beg to be remember'd in the best Manner to all the Club at 
 the British, whom I am not without hopes of seeing some 
 
 1 Gray died on July 30, 1771. 
 
154 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 time this Winter: particularly give my Compliments to 
 M r Mayne, to whom I am indebted for many civilities, and for 
 two guineas, which I forgot in the Hurry of removing to pay 
 him before I left London. I dare say he has forgot it and 
 I wish I could too ; but it has constantly haunted me like an 
 evil spirit, and I know not at this Distance how to lay it. 
 I beg to be set down amongst the Number of your Friends, 
 being sincerely desirous of approving myself most faith- 
 fully y rs . 
 
 J. SCOTT. 
 
 [H. S. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR FRIEND, [1771-] 
 
 I am and ever shall be perfectly indifferent concerning 
 the Opinion Blockheads may entertain of me, but I should 
 be very sorry Men of sense should deem me or find me 
 obstinate. I have however my Reasons for not going too 
 much into SMALL-CAPITALLING and ITALICKING in my 
 News, of which more when I see you. I ever thought 
 J UNI US deserved to be printed in a larger Type than REGU- 
 LUS, &c. but think You not REGULUS, ClNNA, and others of 
 our Friends would not have been offended at the Distinction ? 
 Have you had any opportunity of speaking to Mess. Managers 
 on what I last wrote. I have had an Opportunity of writing 
 to M r Garrick and acquainting him that a Remonstrance was 
 on the Anvil. 
 
 Yours sincerely 
 
 H. S. WOODFALL. 
 
 Thank ye for Today's Paragraph ; 'twas excellent. 
 
 [H. S. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 MY DEAR FRIEND, June 23, 1772. 
 
 I was not a little pleased to see by Bystander's letter 
 that NO Banker had stopt West of Temple Bar 1 . I am 
 
 1 Messrs. Neale, James, Fordyce & Brown stopped payment on June 10, 
 1772. Their failure was attributed to Alexander Fordyce, the acting partner, who 
 
W. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 155 
 
 heartily concerned for Mess. Adams, and, to tell you the 
 Truth we had a very strong Report yesterday that an intimate 
 Friend l of yours had, or was about to stop. I earnestly hope 
 you are not in any Danger of the least Hurt by Fordyce's 
 Impudence. I have a few India Bonds by me, which I cannot 
 put to better Use than assisting my Friends at this critical 
 Juncture, and therefore hope, If you have Occasion, you will 
 not make any Ceremony with 
 
 Your's very sincerely, 
 
 H. S. WOODFALL. 
 
 [W. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 g IR WHITEFRIARS, Feb y 4, 1773. 
 
 Having undertaken to print the London Packet, it is 
 equally my Duty and my Interest to adopt every probable 
 method of extending the circulation of that paper. Nothing 
 can effect this necessary purpose so soon, as giving the Paper 
 a face of novelty and variety, and making it essentially con- 
 ducive to the entertainment of the town, and this point can 
 only be carried by the joint endeavours of men of genius, wit 
 and humour. I find the List of Partners honoured by your 
 name. As the Printer therefore I take the liberty of soliciting 
 your occasional correspondence, assuring you on my part that 
 every possible attention shall be paid your favors, and that 
 you may place a confidential reliance in the secrecy of 
 
 Your h ble servant 
 
 W. WOODFALL. 
 
 immediately absconded. It proved to be the first of a long series of disasters 
 amongst the bankers. In the next few days no less than ten firms stopped pay- 
 ment in London, viz. Messrs. Edie & Laird, Laurie & Co., Boyle & Scott, 
 Adams & Co., Biggar & Hamilton, Ferguson & Co., Ogilvie & Michie, John 
 Macintosh, Adam Wood, and Haliburton & Glynn; and eight in Edinburgh, 
 viz. Messrs. Fordyce, Malcolm & Co. (June 15), Arbuthnot & Guthrie (June 16), 
 William Alexander & Sons, Gibson & Balfour, Andrew Sinclair & Co., Johnston 
 & Smith, Garbet & Co. (June 24), and Douglas, Heron & Co. (June 25). 
 1 Thomas Coutts. 
 
156 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 15 th July, 1773- 
 
 M r8 Coutts has intended ever since Saturday last to write 
 to M r Whitefoord, but she has had Company which with the 
 Children, has never left Her a minute alone and it is a subject 
 on which she is not a little at a loss and really most deeply 
 concern'd, but it must be told. 
 
 Poor Sancho in short for about five or six days before 
 Saturday last seem'd to droop and not to have His usual 
 Spirits. He did not seem to relish His Food tho' offered in 
 the nicest manner, and He prefer'd His Basket in which He 
 us'd to repose, to the Lawn and all little Susie's Invitations. 
 On Friday Evening He seem'd particularly Dull and con- 
 siderably fallen off from His Flesh, but as He always drank 
 the Water set for Him (in which a roll of Brimston was put) 
 we still expected His recovery ; but Alas ! on Saturday 
 Morning He was Found Dead in His Bed. 
 
 To what the Mellancholy Accident was owing I do not 
 know. There was no apparent reason. Old M r Stuart Having 
 said very positively that He had swallow'd a Half penny, or 
 some other Brass Coin one day when you was at East Sheen, 
 we had him open'd, but nothing has been discover'd. 
 
 I assure you M ra Coutts is most thoroughly Hurt with this 
 untoward accident, for which there is now No Remedy, and 
 indeed no Dog I believe was ever more lamented. 
 
 The inclosed Letter if you can read it and think His acco* 
 of the fall of Ali Bey worth Inserting in the Public, is at y r 
 service. Be so good to send it back to me as soon as you can. 
 
 Y &c. 
 
 T. COUTTS. 
 
 [GEORGE WORTLEY MONTAGU TO MESSRS. COUTTS V] 
 
 LEGHORN, 27 June, 1773. 
 MY VERY DEAR FRIENDS, 
 
 On my being the first who came to Europe after the 
 great event in CEgypt, you may reasonably expect some 
 
 1 Enclosed in preceding letter. 
 
GEORGE WORTLEY MONTAGU TO MESSRS. COUTTS. 157 
 
 account of it from me, and you shall not be disappointed. 
 I should apologize for the Incorrectness of my English to 
 anybody but you, for my long disuse of it, and my long as 
 well as close application to the Arabick language, have 
 together made me, in a great measure, forget my native 
 language ; at least I can neither Speak it, or write it with 
 any Degree of correctness or elegance, so take the Narration 
 as it is. If you understand me, 'tis all I want. 
 
 The beginning of last February AH Bey reduc'd Jaffa (the 
 ancient Joppa) after a Siege of ten months, 'tho it is but a bad 
 and small Village, but the Castle, having been repair'd, is of 
 some Strength. However there were in it but three hundred 
 men who had no other provision except Rice and Water, yet 
 nothing could induce them to surrender ; they were deter- 
 mined to hold out, to the last man, and indeed so they did, 
 for the place was not taken 'till they were almost all destroy'd, 
 and there was not a grain of Rice left ; the place would not 
 yet have been taken, but by the Treachery of an officer whom 
 Mohammed Bey had sent with a reinforcement of men, and 
 Supply of provisions to the beseidg'd, who, instead of obeying 
 his orders, went with the whole to AH Bey's Camp. This 
 place reduc'd, AH Bey march'd to lay Siedge to Jerusalem 
 (which is but fifty miles from it) but as a report prevail'd that 
 Calib Bashaw (who had been Cap* Bashaw of the Black Sea, 
 and was appointed Bashaw of (Egypt) was arriv'd at Damascus 
 with troops he had collected between Constantinople and 
 Aleppo, and was marching to attack him immediately ; and 
 as AH Bey knew that Mohammed Bey had receiv'd positive 
 orders to collect all the forces of CEgypt, and march to meet 
 the Bashaw ; apprehensive of being Surrounded by them, he 
 quitted all thoughts of Jerusalem, and march'd towards Gaza, 
 where he would not be hemm'd in, from the Situation of the 
 place. In the meantime the Scheik of Acri persuaded him to 
 attack Cairo before the arrival of the Bashaw, and sent two of 
 his Sons with him. AH Bey therefore march'd towards Cairo 
 with an army of 10,000 men and 36 peices of Cannon ; how- 
 ever he never intended to attack the far superior (Egyptian 
 army, but propos'd to join the pilgrims who were coming 
 
158 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 from Mecca, and enter Cairo with them, as then nobody 
 would have attack'd him, the pilgrims being look'd upon as 
 Sacred. Mohammed Bey was aware of this, and such a Junc- 
 tion was all he fear'd ; he therefore sent three Beys to post 
 themselves between AH Bey and the pilgrims, and march'd 
 himself with the main body. He met his Enemy at a place 
 call'd Lalhia, two days journey from Cairo, on the 30 th of 
 April last ; they immediately engag'd, the Action was bloody, 
 and lasted three hours, when Ali Bey's people gave way, 
 a great number was kill'd, and many taken prisoners, amongst 
 which was Ali Bey, who had three wounds, one a shot, and 
 two of the Scimiter, all the cannon and baggage was taken, 
 and few of the whole Army escap'd, so that Mohammed Bey's 
 Victory was compleat. As soon as Ali Bey was conducted to 
 him, the Conqueror dismounted from his horse, kiss'd his hand 
 and made him a most Pathetick [speech] on his misfortune, 
 telling him it was the fortune of warr and how much every- 
 body ought to be resign'd to the Decrees of the Almighty. 
 He then order'd him to be put into a litter and carried to his 
 own house, but it was a doleful convoy ; for his litter was 
 surrounded by seventeen horsemen who had each on his 
 Spear the head of a Chief of his army. You may imagine 
 his guard was not a small one. One of the Schiek of Acri's 
 escap'd, one was kill'd. Mohammed Bey did not suffer any 
 of the prisoners to be put to death, but sent each to his 
 respective country ; the officer who carried the Saccone, 
 intended for Jaffa to Ali Bey's Camp, he too was pardon'd 
 and sent to Algiers his native country. There was about 
 200 Europeans in the Army of Ali Bey, they were all kill'd 
 except one Englishman. Mohammed Bey gave a handful of 
 Zecchines without counting and sent him to M r Macri, the 
 British Consul ; this last article of our countryman is only 
 hearsay so I do not assert it. Ali Bey liv'd 'till Thursday 
 7 th of May during the Interval between his being taken and 
 his last hour. Mohammed Bey visited him more than once 
 a Day, and behav'd to him as if he had been his father. On 
 Friday the 8th he was interr'd with great Decency. Thus 
 ended this very extraordinary man. It is generally said that 
 
GEORGE WORTLEY MONTAGU TO MESSRS. COUTTS. 159 
 
 Mohammed was AH Bey's Slave, but it is not true, he belong'd 
 to Ismael Bey, at whose house Ali Bey saw him, lik'd his 
 countenance, and as soon as a[n] opportunity offer'd he pro- 
 moted [him] to the Dignity of Bey ; it is the custom on such 
 occasions for the New Bey to throw silver money amongst 
 the people, Mohammed threw gold, from whence he is call'd 
 Abou Dahab, i:e: father of gold, a manner of speaking much 
 in use among the Arabs, as father of Goodness, father of 
 Charity, father of Beauty, &c. It appears that the above- 
 mentioned council of the Schiek of Acri, was only to get rid 
 of his Guest whose treasure was exhausted, for two days 
 after the Battle the Bashaw arriv'd at Damiata. The Scheik 
 receiv'd from Ali Bey 12000 Dollars or 1500 every Day, 
 and that for the Troops only, besides the expenses of his 
 household and dayly presents, so that the expenses of Ali 
 Bey for this year past (for a year and some few Days past 
 from the Day he was forc'd to fly, to the Day he was brought 
 prisoner into Cairo) including the presents he is said to have 
 sent to the Russian Admiral, are suppos'd to amount to 24000 
 Dollars or 3000 per Di:, this is not felt in CEgypt, judge of 
 the Richness of the Country. I know a Million Sterling is 
 no great Matter, but it is such an extraordinary expense as 
 would be felt greatly anywhere else in the Revenue of one 
 year. 
 
 This certainly would be a proper time for Gentlemen to 
 think of reviving the Trade to CEgypt, as the Government is 
 now quite quiet, no more rebellion, and our Capitulations in 
 full force as in other the Sultan's Dominions; and particu- 
 larly as the British flagg now flies in Alexandria, a priviledge 
 almost lost, as it had not appeared since the time of Consul 
 Brown ; it cost M r Macri,who acts as Consul under M r Murray's 
 letter, a good deal of money, perhaps 500, however he was, 
 and is determin'd, to Sacrifice anything to promote our 
 Nation's honour and commerce. I say nothing of trade of 
 the Red Sea, as you will see M r Bruce, just come from 
 Abyssinia, who is much abler than me, and particularly may 
 be much more master of that subject. He perhaps will talk 
 difTavourably of M r Macri, with whom he is scarce acquainted, 
 
l6o THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 and I have reasoA to believe it is out of pique for I hear he 
 expected M r Macri should write him a Submissive letter as 
 soon as he arrived in CEgypt, but M r Macri did not know, 
 nor could he be suppos'd to know of his arrival, unless M r 
 Bruce had wrote, nor do I imagine that a Gentleman acting 
 as British Consul is by any means held to write a Submissive 
 letter to every traveller that passes ; indeed I hear M r Bruce 
 says he is the only person of any consideration in the Levant, 
 that for not having behav'd to him with due Respect, he will 
 have Macri displac'd and the Ambassador recall'd ; I hope 
 however he will not do it, but that as he is great he will be 
 merciful. He has been pleas' d to express himself rather 
 indecently with regard to Lord and Lady Bute, and poor me 
 too, the least of Mortals, who as such should have hop'd to 
 escape, but as Lady Mary said to M r Pope to thee 'tis 
 provocation to exist. 
 
 I should hope the Company would be pleas'd to allow 
 M r Macri at least some part of what he has disburs'd, and 
 give him their patent, whether they give him a Salary or 
 not ; that may be done when there is realy a Nation of 
 Cairo : I answer to all M r Bruce may say about M r Macri 
 that he is known to the Factory in Aleppo, and particularly 
 to M r David Hays, M r Barker and M r Abbott at Constanti- 
 nople, besides the testimony of all the Captains who have 
 known him in the execution of his office, may perhaps weigh 
 more than the words of a traveller which appear ^yaly dictated 
 by pique. 
 
 I shall be oblig'd to you if you will be so "good as to 
 communicate what part you please or all this letter to the 
 Turkey Company, with whom I should correspond, but I 
 know not who to write to since my friends M r March and 
 Will. Russell are no more there. You may too let the publick 
 enjoy any part or the whole of it by way of the publick 
 papers. 
 
 Be assur'd I am with the truest esteem, Messieurs 
 
 Your much oblig'd and most Humble Servant 
 
 GEO. WORTLEY MONTAGU. 
 
 I beg an answer to this and my former unanswer'd letters 
 
W. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. l6l 
 
 by the return of the post, for If I can I propose to return to 
 Egypt without taking product, to avoid any embroils. This 
 may happen, and for this reason, I beg you will give out 
 that I am daily expected in England. 
 
 [W. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 TUESDAY Ev, Jan y 24, 1775. 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 Before my Brother had intimated to me your wish 
 that I would fall foul of D r Johnson for the objectionable 
 passages in his dogmatical account of his Journey to the 
 Western Islands of Scotland^ I had resolved to give him 
 a bite or two, in return for his biting off Macpherson's head 
 and opening so frequently on a false Scent. You know I 
 have been north of the Tweed, and that I am one of those 
 ridiculous Englishmen who entertain an opinion of the 
 Country and its Inhabitants, widely different from that of 
 D r Johnson, and men who have imbibed early and unjust 
 prejudices against Scotland. I mean, as often as opportunity 
 will admitt, to say a word or two respecting the literary 
 Dictator's Tour ; andT think the attack would gain strength 
 if M r Macpherson and you were occasionally to join me. 
 I presume the Morning Chronicle is the best field to take 
 post in, for if we began to fire away from the Packet, it 
 might be discovered that M r M. was one of the Crew, and 
 it might produce disadvantageous consequences. I already 
 perceive that the D is to be covered and main- 
 tained by an party in the S e James's and 
 
 Pub this night charged a small Gun, which will be 
 
 fired in the Morning. How effectual it will turn out I know 
 not, but I mean soon to charge again. As the fire on the 
 other side is managed by a skillfull engineer it will doubtless 
 be brisk. The nature of the case therefore demands immediate 
 aid. 'Till I am relieved my feeble efforts shall not be wanting. 
 
 Your h ble ser* 
 
 W. WOODFALL. 
 
 M 
 
1 62 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [JAMES MACPHERSON TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, THURSDAY Ev G [1775]. 
 
 I have seen the gentleman, who rewrites the answer to 
 Johnson. As it was not worth mincing the matter, I told 
 him Cadell's answer and proposals. Though a little of the 
 ready is an object, he is willing to let it take its chance. He 
 has gone too far not to go further still. ' Let, therefore, the 
 book be printed. If it fetches anything/ he says, ' it will be 
 well. If not let the labour go to the devil/ Shall we send 
 it to the press ? The hawking it about to other * typo- 
 graphical Owls ' might, if no agreement should follow, hurt 
 it with the trade. I hope Cadell will give a good and just 
 account. He is certainly a close-fisted knave. But this work 
 will be no object of plunder. 
 
 I am sincerely yours, 
 
 J. M. 
 
 [H. S. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 SIR, July 3, 1775. 
 
 Friday next being the Anniversary of S* Thomas 
 a Beckett, you are desired to dine on that day with M r 
 Thomas Beckett of the Adelphi, a lineal Descendant of 
 said Saint at the Long Room at Hampstead, and the rest of 
 the Partners in the P. A. 
 
 I am Sir 
 
 You very humble serv* 
 
 H. S. WOODFALL. 
 Dinner on Table at Three. 
 
 [JAMES COUTTS TO THOMAS BROWN.] 
 
 BOULOGNE, 14 July, 1775. 
 
 I hope you remember'd to put Basil Keith in mind of 
 Col. Faucit's son. Have you heard from him lately and is 
 Capt. Elliot still in London? Pray remember me to him 
 
H. S. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 163 
 
 and to the Cheape family ; not having been so happy as to be 
 in their House since I stood God Father to their son, I have 
 not had an opportunity of doing what is proper in regard to 
 the Nurses. Therefore I must beg that you will give Ten 
 Guineas among them, viz. Six Guineas to the Wet Nurse and 
 Four G 8 to the one that took care of M rs Cheape when she was 
 sick and I will pay you at meeting. . . . There is a most awkward 
 custom of giving this money to the Mother to divide as she 
 pleases w ch I cannot think very delicate, but if you can easily 
 find out by Lady Ann or otherwise whether this is the proper 
 distribution, you will oblige me further. At any rate don't 
 neglect giving the money first time you are at Cheapes. 
 
 [H. S. WOODFALL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 [1776.] 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 Concerning the Paragraph of Covent Garden, I have 
 given Such Cautions that I hope no Mistakes of so gross 
 a Nature will ever happen again. Concerning the Silence 
 of Paul Adams with respect to Improvements in D. L. 
 Theatre take the following true State of the Case. I on 
 Saturday purposely call'd on Becket who promised faithfully 
 he would speak to a Sartin Parson *, and I might depend 
 on having an Ace 1 . In the Evening I call'd on David Garrick, 
 Esq: who told me a Friend of his had promised him to draw 
 up an Acco* and send to me on Sunday when he mentioned 
 the Name of BATE at that Word I started but he repeated 
 his Certainty of the Parson's keeping his Word, and I could 
 not (with Decency) doubt any longer, tho' I confess to you it 
 appeared to me vastly like his writing a Prelude for Covent 
 garden Theatre. I prepared an extraordinary Hand accord- 
 ingly and waited with Expectation on the Tiptoe till the Play 
 Bills came when out creep'd a paultry four Line Paragraph. 
 With respect to that malignant Scoundrel Regulus I really 
 think him beneath every thing but contempt, and am so 
 conscious of my being innocent of the Charges he every Day 
 
 1 Rev. Henry Bate, afterwards Sir Henry Bate Dudley. 
 M 2, 
 
164 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 attempts to bring against me that I most thoroughly despise 
 them. About what Time did Dalrymple's letter appear? 
 I forget. 
 
 Yours &c. 
 
 H. S. W. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO DAVID GARRICK.] 
 
 [Aug. 30, I777-] 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 I wou'd not absolutely promise to write, because I was 
 not sure that I should be able to keep my word. Villainous 
 Company might inveigle me away and so prevent me from 
 writing or our poor Friend the Barber 1 , though a curs'd 
 Shaver, might get into a damn'd Scrape, and then I shou'd 
 not have lik'd to be the Writer of bad News. However, 
 neither of these suppos'd Events has happen'd. The Barber 
 and myself have both come off with flying Colours. He has 
 escaped the fury of the Critics, and I have made my escape 
 from my party in order to give you some account of the 
 Proceedings of the night. The Prologue 2 was humorously 
 spoken by your Pupil honest Parsons 3 . The Piece was in 
 general well receiv'd. It is tolerably lively and has some 
 good Situations. Only some little hissing in the upper 
 Regions. Certain Geese had got (not the first time) into the 
 Capitol. They were Anti-gallicans I suppose. 'Tis very 
 lively for a french Play. Is it not strange that the French 
 who in their manners and conversation seem so much more 
 lively than us, shou'd be much less so in their Dramas. 
 What Pity it is that I have not time at present to write 
 a Dissertation upon this subject; how lucky it is, you say 
 (aside). 
 
 1 The Spanish Barber ; or the Fruitless Precaution, by Colman ; taken from 
 Beaumarchais' comedy, Le Barbier de Seville, ou La Precaution Inutile. It was 
 produced at the Haymarket on Aug. 30, 1777 [Genest's English Stage, v. 588], 
 but never printed. 
 
 3 By Colman \Garrick Correspondence, ii. 265, 274], but Caleb Whitefoord 
 appears to have had a hand in it [ Whitefoord MSS.~], and Hannah More was 
 under the impression that Garrick wrote it. 
 
 3 William Parsons, who played Dr. Bartholo. 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO ALEXANDER DOW. 165 
 
 Your excellent Epilogue 1 was very prettily spoken, not 
 perhaps with all the art of an experienced Performer but it 
 and several strokes in it had a Great Effect. I have not time 
 to praise it any longer for this plaguy Fellow is here again. 
 Ding Dong rot ye I wish the Bell was in your Guts. 
 
 [DAVID GARRICK TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 SUNDAY, 31"* {August, 1777]. 
 
 Thank you, my dear Sir, ten thousand times over for your 
 Charming Letter and your as charming news I always knew 
 you to be a Gentleman endow' d with the best intelligence I 
 hope that ding dong will always be at your Ear when you 
 write to me I rejoice our little Friend 2 is come off so 
 triumphantly by y r Account it will be a good addition to 
 his dramatic Treasury. 
 
 D'Sir 
 Ever yours most truly 
 
 D. GARRICK. 
 
 I find by y e Publick that y e Husband sang y e basses to his 
 wife. They are certainly very airy and tuneful. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO ALEXANDER Dow 3 .] 
 
 LONDON, Jan"* 23, 1779. 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 I had not the Satisfaction of hearing from you as usual 
 by the last Bengal Ships, and therefore I have no Letter of 
 yours to answer ; but I cannot answer to myself the suffering 
 a Fleet to sail from hence, without having the Pleasure of 
 saying a few words to one whom I so much esteem. So 
 pray, both for your own sake and ours, get rich as fast as you 
 can, and come back to us : you are greatly miss'd, and much 
 
 1 Colman asked Garrick to 'bestow an epilogue for Rosina [played by Miss 
 Farren] on "The Poor Spanish Barber.'" [Garrick Correspondence, ii. 265.] 
 
 8 George Colman, the elder. 
 
 3 Author of Tales translated from the Persian of Inatulla of Delhi, History 
 of Hindostan, translated from the Persian of Ferishta, Zinghis, a drama in five 
 acts, Sethona, &c. Dow was at this time a lieut. -colonel in the Bengal infantry. 
 He died at Bhagalpur on July 31, 1779. {Dictionary of National Biography ; 
 Leslie and Taylor's Life of Reynolds, i. 457.] 
 
1 66 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 wanted. Death has of late made sad Havock among the old 
 Stagers. Poor Foote l is gone, and Garrick 2 did not stay 
 
 1 Foote died on Oct. 21, 1777. 'He was an extraordinary man and had a fund 
 of wit and humour ; but he made a vile use of his talents, tho' he got money by 
 them which he squander'd. He was too fond of detraction and mimickry which 
 was a blemish in his conversation, tho' he entertained you. He was excessively 
 vain of his classical knowledge, which was superficial, and used to boast of his 
 numerous great relations in many parts of England. He was extravagant and 
 bawbling, but not generous, and he loved wine, but did not understand good 
 living, tho' he affected to have disguised cookery and French dishes. He never 
 eat plain meat, which shewed he had a bad taste. He spared no expence in his 
 Dinners, nor in his Wine, which was generally good. He was not clean in his 
 person, and was disgusting in his manner of eating; but he was so pleasant 
 a fellow and had such a flow of spirits that his faults were overlook'd. He always 
 took the lead in company and was the chief or sole performer. He was not so 
 malignant as many I have known, but he had such a rage for shining, and was so 
 delighted with applause, that it led him into satire, and throwing everything into 
 ridicule. He often brought to my mind Pope's lines on the Duke of Wharton 
 
 " Tho' list'ning Senates hung on all he spoke, 
 The Club must hail him Master of the joke." 
 
 He was generally civil to your face, and seldom put you out of humour with 
 yourself ; but you paid for his civility the moment you went out of company, and 
 were sure of being made ridiculous. He liked Lords, and was vain of their com- 
 pany ; tho' he gave himself airs of treating them contemptuously and cavalierly. 
 He was a sensual man, and a libertine, and he had no sense of Religion or 
 Morality, which he made a standing jest of. He told a story with infinite 
 humour and added many pleasant circumstances of his own invention to heighten 
 it. He had a good choice of words, and apt expressions and could speak well 
 upon grave subjects occasionally, but he soon grew tired of serious Conversation 
 and went naturally into his favourite amusement Mimickry, in which he did not 
 excell, but he threw in so much wit and spirit into his characters, that he gave 
 more entertainment than a closer mimick. He was a coarse bad Actor, yet he 
 acted many parts in his own plays better than any of the Actors that appeared in 
 them since his Death. He had a flat, vulgar Face ill adapted to the Stage ; but 
 where a part was strongly ridiculous or outree he succeeded. He had no sim- 
 plicity in his acting, and always ran into Farce. As an Author he had merit, 
 and if he had taken any pains he might have succeeded in his Pieces ; but he 
 wrote in haste, and aim'd at individual nature in order to make Money, which 
 does not answer to the present age. He lost large sums at play, and was a dupe 
 with all his parts. He likewise was ridiculously fond of buying Snuff-boxes, 
 Rings, and Bawbles, which were a great expence to him, and I think his life and 
 character would furnish matter for a good Farce with an instructive Moral, 
 it would serve to shew that parts alone are of little value without judgment, 
 prudence or virtue ; that flashes of wit and humour give only momentary pleasure, 
 but afford no solid entertainment.' [A Character of Foote, Whitefoord MS.~] 
 
 2 Garrick died on Jan. 20, 1779. 'When Garrick quitted the pompous gait of 
 the Old Stage, his principal attention was given to attitude and gesture ; and he 
 ran from one extreme to another : for in some of his gravest and most tragical 
 parts he had some tricks of a juggler : but he was a wonderful Actor. Take him 
 for all in all, I never shall look on his like again. The public being pleas'd with 
 his spirit and discernment in distinguishing characters and passions of a lively and 
 impetuous kind, and being diverted with his true humour in Comedy, he caught 
 applause from all ranks of people. Garrick has been censured in his private 
 character ; and tho' he had many admirers, he was too selfish, and too cunning 
 to have many Friends. He was excessively fond of flattery, and expected you 
 should cram him with it. He was generally in extremes of civility or sly im- 
 pertinence, and a kind of spoil'd child whom you must humour in all his ways, 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO ALEXANDER DOW. 167 
 
 long behind. Honest John Home too was very near paying 
 a visit to the other World, by such another tumble as 
 St. Paul got ; and I suppose the Divine saw many strange 
 things as well as the Saint, for he was in a Trance for a con- 
 siderable Time : but I have the Pleasure to hear that he is his 
 own man again ; if a military man can be call'd such ; for you 
 must know he has dyed his black coat red, and is at this 
 present writing, Lieutenant of Grenadiers, in the Duke of 
 Buccleugh's Regiment of fencible (or as they are sometimes 
 call'd with a small variation) sensible men, of East Lothian. 
 
 Since I had the Pleasure of writing you last, we have 
 recover'd one Friend 1 from India ; and he is restored to us in 
 high Health, and good Spirits. 'Tis a noble Fellow, such 
 a one as does Honour to human nature, a man form'd on 
 a great scale, both in body and in mind. I hope to see you 
 return (one of these days), with a Constitution wwimpaired, 
 and resume your Place at the Social Board in Craven Street ; 
 there as in former times, to quaff the choicest Nectar, moisten- 
 ing your Clay, and drowning your Cares. A propos Nectar ; 
 the annual Provision we send you, is it not precious Stuff? 
 
 otherwise you could not hope to be upon good terms with him. If he handed 
 you a tea-cup or a glass, he made a merit of it, and you were to look upon 
 common civility from him as a condescension. He sometimes told his acquain- 
 tance in the street and at some distance in a loud voice that he intended to make 
 them a visit ; which gave occasion to an arch fellow to call it a visit in per- 
 spective. He was waspish and sore to a degree, and had creatures about him 
 who were station'd spies, and gave him intelligence of every idle word that was 
 said to his disadvantage, and were apt to misrepresent the conversation of his 
 acquaintance in order to pay servile court to him. He was stiff and strain'd in 
 company and more an actor than he was on the stage, as Goldsmith described 
 him. He was so much taken up with himself, and his affairs, and had so many 
 petty avocations, that he became ill-bred. He could not bear to hear any of 
 the great Actors his predecessors praised, and consider'd a panegyrick on Booth, 
 Wilks, Gibber and Quin as a satire upon himself. He certainly could not conceal 
 his uneasiness, when the conversation turned upon the merit of the old performers. 
 Tho' he was charitable and friendly on many occasions yet he was generally 
 look'd upon as a mountebank in Friendship. He had two contending passions 
 Vanity and Avarice. He did some very genteel things from the former, but the 
 latter prompted him in the end to meanness. He told a story very archly and 
 was an excellent Mimick, and as an Author he had merit, having wrote several 
 smart Epigrams, Prologues, Epilogues and Farces. He had likewise a share in the 
 Clandestine Marriage, one of our best modern Comedies. With all his success and 
 fame, he appears to be an unhappy man, and shorten'd his life by his fretful 
 disposition. Great allowances are to be made for his situation and for his illness 
 when he was afflicted with the stone. Tho' he was justly consider'd as an 
 Universal Actor, his forte was Comedy, yet he never play'd a genteel part well. 
 He was too smart for high Comedy.' [A Character of Garrick, Whitefoord MS.] 
 1 John Macpherson, afterwards Governor-General of India. 
 
1 68 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 We generally send some of the same to the Governor General l . 
 I am convinced that it must greatly contribute to give him 
 Health and Spirits to proceed in the execution of his Plans, 
 so honourable to himself, and so advantageous to the Com- 
 pany. I do hope and expect that he will strike some great 
 stroke in India, to counterbalance our want of success in 
 Europe ; for poor little Great Britain is sore beset between 
 her unnatural Children the Americans, and her natural 
 enemies the French ; therefore let Gov r Hastings issue his 
 Orders forthwith to take Pondicherry &c., &c., that we have 
 something to barter in the East for what we may lose in the 
 West. I beg my dear Sir you will do me the Justice to 
 
 believe that I am 
 
 Yours most heartily 
 
 CALEB WHITEFOORD. 
 
 P.S. Brown or I will write you by the Ship which carries 
 your wine. 
 
 [ALEXANDER Dow TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 CALCUTTA, 20 th Fete, 1779. 
 MY DEAR SIR, 
 
 As I love a man of Character I cannot possibly omit 
 this opportunity of expressing it and of acknowledging the 
 pleasure which I received from your lucubrations. I must 
 confess I had no idea that the old English bard was at once 
 so various, so peculiar and so striking in his portraits till you 
 produced them in a focus of light ! Our friend Goldsmith of 
 facetious memory paid his last reckoning in full to the British 
 club, and has certainly hit you off to a very pun 2 ! I think 
 however he has on some occasion groan'd under the weight 
 of Macpherson's 3 style which he misrepresents so abominably 
 in the fabric, it being anything but Bombast, but I leave Sticks 
 to defend himself. 
 
 1 Warren Hastings. 
 3 In The Retaliation : 
 
 'Here Whitefoord reclines, and deny it who can, 
 Though he merrily lived, he is now a grave man.' 
 
 3 James Macpherson : ' Macpherson write bombast, and call it a style.' 
 
ALEXANDER DOW TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 169 
 
 What shall I give you in return? The muses like the 
 feathered kind have dry throats in this scorching climate. 
 We hear nothing but the voice of the Vulture screaming over 
 her prey. The Bengal carcase is bleaching in the wind and 
 is almost pick'd to the bone, and the Bombay raven, long 
 famish'd, has at last found a quarry in the full gorged Mahratter 
 whom he is devouring without mercy at Puna ! But perhaps 
 you are become a plodding politician and may like a plain 
 newspaper style better than allegory. 
 
 By our last advice from the Duan of the i6 th Jan y we are 
 inform'd that Colonel Goddard * who had cross'd the Mar- 
 budda in Dec r still lay encamp'd at Hussenabad with his 
 detachment consisting of 6 Battalions of Sepoys, 30 pieces of 
 cannon and 1000 horse. That Janagi the Mahratter Raja of 
 Berar, whom the majority of the Bengal Council had deter- 
 min'd to make Emperor of the Mahratters (malgre lid] had 
 positively declined that honor, and had advised Col. Goddard 
 by all means to return home. That in the meantime advices 
 had been received that the Bombay army under Gen. Egerton 
 had taken the field to support the pretensions of Ragoba 
 another Mahratter chief to the Supreme dominion, and that 
 the latter being join'd by Madesji Sindia and Holkar two 
 potent princes, had actually accomplish'd a revolution at Puna 
 the capital of the Mahratter State in favour of Ragoba. 
 In consequence of these advices Col. Goddard has evacuated 
 Berar and continues to prosecute his march towards Puna 
 which he expects to reach by the iz of March. If these 
 advices are to be depended on Bombay will become a great 
 and flourishing settlement. In their treaty with Ragoba they 
 have stipulated very handsomely for the company, in territory, 
 besides 2j lacks pr. month for the expense of their army. 
 The majority here, being flung by these mancevres and left 
 out in the treaty, as not supposed to contribute to the revolu- 
 tion, are greatly enraged, and have appointed Goddard 
 plenipotentiary in their name to demand the Expenses of the 
 Bengal expedition which will not then amount to less than 50 
 Lacks, and in case the Bombayers interfere, he is to order 
 
 1 Afterwards General Thomas Goddard, d. 1783. 
 
170 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 their army from Puna and take the management of Ragoba 
 into his own hands. It is not probable the Bombayers will 
 submit to this. The event may be dangerous, amidst con- 
 tending factions, for the Mahratter state tho' torn to pieces at 
 present by ariostocratic divisions have immense armies in 
 the field fully sufficient if united to expell these intruders. 
 But fortune seems on all occasions our fast friend ! Is she 
 always to be depended on ? 
 
 Gen 1 Cook has been at Madras some time and is expected 
 here every day. He is understood to disapprove of late measures. 
 He will therefore in all probability turn the scale here. 
 
 My Comp ts to M r Brown and believe me 
 
 Dear Caleb yours sincerely 
 
 ALEX Dow. 
 
 [THOMAS BROWN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 LONDON, 23 rd Aug, 1779. 
 DEAR CALEB, 
 
 I receiv'd yours only yesterday forenoon, and as I was 
 going with John Macpherson to dine with M r Mayne, we 
 paid a visit to M r Sulivan l and carried his Book and your 
 Letter with us. The others have been sent and the Fifteen 
 pound Bank Note. This inveterate East wind is worse for 
 this Country than any that ever blew in Italy for the Inhabi- 
 tants. By accounts that arrived from Plymouth at the 
 Admiralty last night, on Friday night the combined Fleets 
 were out of sight, having either stretch'd over to the French 
 coast, or gone in Quest of Sir Charles Hardy. No certain 
 Acco ts relative to the Ardent. Lord Shuldham has never 
 mentioned her in any of his Despatches. Pray Heaven I may 
 have it in my power to write good news soon, for this state is 
 quite overcoming. Rich d Oswald, Cap* Elliot, and I pass'd 
 the evening on Saturday at the British. Some of the best 
 People we know are at present the worst Company, especially 
 for one another. Wou'd they were all in action. 
 
 1 ?R. J. Sulivan, author of an Analysis of the Political Histoty of India, 1779 ; 
 Thoughts on Martial Law, 1779, &c. ; M.P. for New Romney, 1790; created a 
 baronet in 1784; d. in 1806. 
 
WILLIAM BRUMMELL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 171 
 
 Sir John l dined yesterday at Mayne's who was exceedingly 
 high, and got much the better of Sir Thomas 2 . I am going 
 with M r Seton to return M r Macpherson's visit to him. 
 L d Kelly and Sir Thomas are to be of the Party. 
 
 Yours 
 
 T. B. 
 
 [MR. STUART TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 BERKLEY SQUARE, 
 
 Thursday, 20 Jan*, 1780. 
 
 M r Stuart, having received a card from the Adelphi Tavern 
 acquainting him that there is to be a meeting there tomorrow 
 about forming a new Club, regrets that the present state of his 
 health prevents his attendance. Tho' Mr. Stuart is ignorant 
 of the Plan of the new Club, it is sufficient for him to know 
 that M r Whitefoord was in the chair when that plan was pro- 
 posed, and he will be very happy to find himself a member of 
 any Club constituted under his auspices. 
 
 [W. BRUMMELL 3 TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DOWNING STREET, 
 
 Thursday, Aug* 9, night, 1781. 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 I walk'd to your House this Evening, but finding some 
 visitors in your parlour and a Coach at your Door I would not 
 break in upon you. My Business was to sollicit the Pleasure 
 of your Company at Dinner at Ember Court Sunday next at 
 half-past 3 o'clock, and to express a Hope that you will stay 
 Monday with me, as I shall not be satisfied unless I shew you 
 all the Quickset Hedges in my neighbourhood. 
 I am Yours Dear Sir 
 
 Most faithfully 
 
 W. BRUMMELL. 
 
 P.S. If you ride on Horseback, the Surry Road is the 
 pleasantest, through Kingston, and Thames Ditton, in all about 
 13 miles. 
 
 1 Sir John Whitefoord. 2 Sir Thomas Mills. 
 
 8 William Brummell, private secretary to Lord North during the whole of his 
 administration, died at his house in Charles Street, Berkeley Square, on March n, 
 1794, and was buried at St. Martin's-in-the-Fields. 
 
372 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [SAME TO SAME.] 
 
 EMBER COURT, Aug* 29, 1781. 
 
 [Thanks Caleb Whitefoord for the excellent elegy he has 
 sent him : he keeps it for the purpose of shewing it to Lord 
 North after his return from the West.] 
 
 [SAME TO SAME.] 
 
 DOWNING STREET, 
 
 Wednesday, Dec r 26, 1781. 
 
 [Invites him to breakfast tomorrow morning, after which 
 will be happy to accompany him to Sir Joshua Reynolds and 
 to M r West's.] 
 
 [ROBERT STRANGE 1 TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 DEAR SIR, LONDON, 2 d May, 1782. 
 
 I flatter myself you are by this time well advanced in 
 your journey and that you'll reach Paris e'er long. May 
 every success attend your endeavours there! I herewith 
 transmitt you a few lines to my friend Greuse, and Mons r 
 Jeamat at Versailles. I shall be happy if they contribute in 
 any shape to your entertainment. When you go to Versailles 
 be sure you visit the Mangerie, I mean the subteraneous part 
 of it. You'll be shown the former from the terras, but pray, 
 be not satisfied with that. Advance to the left and descend 
 an elegant flight of stairs, and make one of the Gairdners 
 open the iron gate at the bottom of the stairs. You'll 
 then see a work surpassing your imagination, a work indeed, 
 superior, within the sphere of our knowledge, to anything of 
 the kind ever executed in Greece or Rome. Were such 
 a work in Italy travelers would go a hundred miles to see it, 
 but here, I am confident it don't come within the knowledge 
 of one in fifty who visit Versailles. Trianon is within a mile 
 of Versailles. Be sure likewise to see it. I have herewith 
 
 1 Robert Strange, engraver, was born in the Orkney Islands in 1721 and 
 educated at Kirkwall. He was in the Battle of Culloden but escaped to Paris 
 and became the pupil of Le Bas. He first established himself as an engraver in 
 1751. He engraved the Apotheosis of the king's children from a picture by 
 West, &c. He was knighted on Jan. 5, 1787, and died in 1792. [Walpole's 
 Anecdotes of Painting, edited by Dallaway, v. 130, 234, 253, 270, 271 ; Wal- 
 pole's Letters, edited by Cunningham, iii. 368; Leslie and Taylor's Life of 
 Reynolds, i. 135, 304.] 
 
BENNET ALLEN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 173 
 
 inclosed you a line to M r Neilson, a countryman of ours who 
 is director of the Gobelins. It is a curious Manufactory, and 
 you should carry M r Oswald to see it ... 
 
 I am sincerely, Dear Sir, 
 
 Your obed* hum 8 Serv* 
 
 ROB T . STRANGE. 
 
 Monsieur Whiteford 
 Hotel de Muscovie 
 
 Rue des petits Augustins 
 a Paris. 
 
 [BENNET ALLEN l TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 June 30, 1782. 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 I have had the misfortune to kill Lloyd Dulany Esq r 
 of Maryland in a duel which he oblig'd me to fight with him at 
 9 o'clock on tuesday night the 18 ult, and was as fair a duel as 
 ever was fought by men. As my enemies are raising an host 
 of witnesses ag 8t me, I am under the necessity of troubling 
 every Gentleman who knows me to appear in my behalf. It 
 is three or four years since you and I have been acquainted, and 
 I believe you know nothing bad of me, and this will be good 
 time to tell it, if you know any good of me. I beg the favour 
 of your appearance at my trial which comes on, friday the 5 th 
 July, at the Old Bailey for that purpose, which I ask from 
 a consciousness of my own innocence, which is in danger of 
 being overborne by a weighty combination of numerous 
 partizans from the other side of the Atlantic. 
 
 I am &c. 
 
 BENNETT ALLEN. 
 
 1 Bennet Allen was educated at Wadham College, Oxford, where he graduated 
 B.A. in 1757 and M.A. in 1760. {Dictionary of National Biography^ The 
 duel arose from an attack, written by Allen and published in the Morning Post 
 (June 29, 1779), on the character of Daniel Dulany, secretary of the Province of 
 Maryland, where Allen had for some time held a living of the value of ^1000 per 
 annum. Lloyd Dulany, brother of Daniel, an American Loyalist, who had come 
 over to England in 1775, and was in 1779 practising at the English bar, im- 
 mediately took steps to discover the identity of the anonymous writer. The 
 authorship of the article was not avowed for three years. At the trial Allen was 
 found guilty of manslaughter and sentenced to pay a fine of u. and to be im- 
 prisoned in Newgate for six months. Caleb Whitefoord does not appear to have 
 responded to his appeal. For a full account of the trial vide The Trial of the 
 Rev. Bennet Allen, and Robert Morris, Esq , for the \Vilful Murder of Lloyd 
 Dulany, Esq., in a Duel, in Hyde Park, &c., Old Bailey Sessions Papers* 1782, 
 Number VI, Part L 
 
174 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 STRAND, August 12 th [1782]. 
 
 I send you inclos'd a jeu d'esprit of a young American 
 which I made one of my clerks copy to send you. It took 
 my attention as being more than mediocre. I wish to hear 
 that all your attention is not given to the Public, but that you 
 sometimes turn your eyes homeward and endeavour to make 
 Hay while the Sun shines. The Sun of Sh ne l may set upon 
 you before you come home. Why don't you get M r 0. 2 to 
 write that you are a Man of Business and cannot lose more time 
 at Paris if something is not done in London. Members of 
 Parliament cannot now be contractors. A good thing of this 
 sort may be as well manag'd by B. and W. 3 as by any other 
 House. You know already what it is to procrastinate, and you 
 can never excuse it to yourself if you do not push for something 
 suddenly. This is the opinion and advice of a sincere friend. 
 Let M r O. write such a Letter, which B. 4 may go with to the 
 Premier directly. 
 
 [JOHN ANDERSON TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 LONDON, 12 October, 1782. 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 I have the honour of yours dated the 3 rd and 8 Currant, 
 and congratulate you on the Blessings you expect from the 
 
 promise in the Beatitude I had wrote 
 
 thus far when M r Lazun sent for the Letters, and was there- 
 fore obliged to put it by, that I might purchase the Medicine 
 which I accordingly did, and not without some hopes of my 
 contributing to the health of an illustrious, (I shall say) friend 
 let the name of Foe be forgot. 
 
 I am glad the Tea sent by M rs Oswald has so great and 
 good an effect, the Cursed Dish you allude to had too much 
 Tea infused, and on those who drank it, it had an effect like 
 to Madness. 
 
 1 Lord Shelburne. 2 Richard Oswald. 
 
 5 Messrs. Brown and Whitefoord. * Brummell. 
 
W. ROBERTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 175 
 
 I am happy our friend enjoys such good health during the 
 fatigue he must have lately gone threw. You do M rs Oswald 
 injustice concerning your Letter, she says she reckons herself 
 equally obliged to you as if it had come to hand in common 
 course, the delay being no fault of yours. 
 
 I shall remember you to your friends. My Brother joins 
 me in kind Compliments to you and our friend and I remain, 
 Dear Sir, 
 
 Yours most sincerely 
 
 JOHN ANDERSON. 
 
 [W. ROBERTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 WHITEHALL, Noif 13*, 1782. 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 Inclosed I send three of the last Newspapers. Will 
 you do me the favor as allow my bespeaking them for M r 
 Fitzherbert when out of hand and to make my respectful 
 Compliments to that gentleman. I shall try all I can to 
 repeat what I now send with a greater number if I can gain 
 intelligence of a messenger being ordered but as that measure 
 is often put in force in the dead of night, you will make every 
 allowance on that account. 
 
 I am much mortified at having omitted to execute a Com- 
 mission given me and which cannot now be done without 
 your aid. A truly amiable Lady desired me to buy as large 
 an Umbrella as could be got in Paris, to bend so as to go into 
 the pocket, if such there are, or else to get one in the common 
 form. May I request the favor of you to make a purchase 
 of such a one as you conceive to come within either of the 
 above descriptions and whatever the cost may be shall be 
 immediately repaid to your Colleague M r Brown, and if you 
 will cause its being directed for me at M r Townshend's Office, 
 it will come safe by one of your Messengers. 
 Believe me with great regard, D r Sir, 
 
 Your very faithful and obedient servant, 
 
 W. ROBERTS. 
 
THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [ROBERT MYLNE * TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 NEW RIVER HEAD, LONDON, 
 Nov r 1 8 th , 1782. 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 I am much obliged for your late favours, thro' M r 
 Browne, in answer to mine, by M r Williams 2 . I received 
 a Copy of your note to M r Brown, and your letter of the 23 d 
 of October. I should have answered them sooner, had I not 
 been delayed in doing so, by searching for the Print you 
 mention, of S r Vangeliste, throughout all the eminent Print 
 Shops in London. The Death of Pyramus and Thisbe, nor 
 indeed any other Print, by that Artist, is not to be had in 
 this place at present. 
 
 Of his merits, therefore, I am not able to judge but from 
 your favourable opinion, which goes very far with me. I 
 would not have any name, of Artists of any sort, put to it ; 
 but just a plain line round it, to bound the Ground Work. 
 All that business I reserve for an Afterthoiight, to be made 
 proportional to the Print. With respect to the head itself, 
 I wish to have it exactly the same size ; and not a laboured 
 thing, in point of work. In this manner of executing it, don't 
 you think 20 Louis a long price ? 
 
 1 Robert Mylne, architect, whose ' proudest monument ' was the bridge over 
 the Thames at Blackfriars, was born at Edinburgh on Jan. 14, 1734. His 
 father, Thomas Mylne, was an architect at Edinburgh and a magistrate of that 
 city ; his family had been master masons to the kings of Scotland for many 
 generations. After travelling abroad for several years he returned to London at 
 the time when proposals were to be offered for a bridge at Blackfriars. His plans 
 were accepted and the first stone was laid on Oct. 31, 1760. The bridge was 
 finished in 1765, for the sum mentioned in his estimate, viz. .153,000. Mylne 
 waged a ' paper war ' with Dr. Johnson on the form of the arches, after which 
 they became intimate friends. In 1762 he was appointed engineer to the New 
 River Company, and in 1767 he became F.R.S. He was entrusted by the Dean 
 and Chapter of St. Paul's with the care of the Cathedral, where by his suggestion 
 the inscription in honour of Sir Christopher Wren, ending 'Si monumentum 
 requiras, circumspice? was placed over the entrance of the choir. He died on 
 May 5, 1811, and was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral near Sir Christopher Wren. 
 Mylne married in 1770 Mary Home, the sister of Mrs. John Hunter and Home 
 the Surgeon, by whom he had nine children. The only son who survived suc- 
 ceeded him as engineer to the New River Company. While he was at Rome in 
 1757 his portrait was painted by Brompton and engraved in 1783 by Vangeliste. 
 [Gent. Mag. 1811, i. 499, 500; Nicholls' Literary Anecdotes, viii. 610, ix. 232, 
 
 233-1 
 8 Franklin's nephew. 
 
THOMAS BROWN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 177 
 
 I wonder at the account of the French artists you give. 
 I thought their late communications with the perfections of 
 other countrys had lowered them in their own conceit, and 
 induced them to attend to the merits of Rome, England, &c. 
 Can't you find some small work, fit for the compass of a 
 letter, a sample for his engraving. 
 
 I beg my best respects to the good Dr. F. 1 I hope soon all 
 will be well again, and that the ingenious of all Countreys 
 will enjoy themselves in a free communication of sentiments 
 together, as formerly. Being of the Committee of the Royal 
 Society this year, I am glad to acquaint you that the Councill 
 unanimously voted a Copy of their transactions, to be sent 
 periodically to Harvard Colledge in New England, in return 
 to a very polite and interesting note from the Hollesian 
 Professor there. 
 
 There are many things and prints lately, or of late years, 
 published on bridges at Paris. Whatever you can collectj in 
 the Pontificall way for me, will be very agreeable indeed if 
 you can contrive to send them over by the Messengers of 
 State. 
 
 My better half sends her best respects to you. Tell D r F., 
 M r Small sits by me and sends his sincere and best wishes 
 for his health. I lately had 7 children, but lost one boy, the 
 youngest of three, all inoculated at the same time. With 
 respect to the Head, I acquiesce entirely in what you do, and 
 I am sure I shall have reason to rejoice when I see an im- 
 pression. I am My Dear Sir your much 
 
 Oblidged and very humble servant 
 
 ROBERT MYLNE. 
 
 [THOMAS BROWN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DEAR CALEB, LONDON, i 3 " 
 
 I have not had occasion to write you lately. Charles 2 , 
 who brought me the last, gave me great Pleasure in his 
 
 1 Dr. Franklin. a Charles Smith. 
 
 N 
 
178 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 accounts of M r Oswald and you. We wou'd now fain hope 
 that the great Business is drawing to a close, which must 
 have been attended with great Fatigue and Anxiety. Not- 
 withstanding what His Majesty says in his Speech, if we are 
 to form any Judgement from the Language in the House of 
 Commons, Peace is not yet very near, and as usual, it will 
 meet with Opposition. We wish for M r Oswald and you at 
 our Discussions on Tuesdays. Already we have had two 
 Meetings, nine and ten in Numbers, M r Pringle come to 
 town in high Health and Spirits. But poor Bob Smith 
 continues miserably lame, only able to move in his Bed- 
 chamber on crutches. Lord Dalhousie too in Scotland 
 almost given over by the Phisicians, so we shall for this 
 season at least lose two of our Members, which has occa- 
 sioned a slight Hint about some of the Candidates. But 
 we shall stave off that Business till our Secretary appears. 
 M r Pringle says he is ashamed to trouble you, but wou'd be 
 very thankful if you buy for Him two Beaver Night Caps. 
 M r Paine l too has a Request to make, that you will read the 
 Dedication inclosed with this, correct and put it in the Form 
 for Him, which you think best, to be prefixed to a second 
 Volume of his Works. Till within these few days M r and 
 M rs Coutts have been in Scotland since October at Col 1 
 Sinclair's, where M rs Coutts was most part of the Time very 
 ill, but now a good deal better. She was much pleased with 
 your Offer to bring or send over any little thing for her, and 
 begs you will buy for Herself a Pocket Book, a Tassel for her 
 riding Whip, and some Trinkets for a Watch. To these she 
 wishes you to add a Pocket Book for each of her three young 
 Ladys. If the Things are handsome, you need not be afraid 
 of their being thought too high priced. 
 
 As your cousin Sir John was to sell Ballochmile, you will 
 be glad to hear that he has got a great Price for it, 27,000 
 which will I understand amply relieve him. The old Family 
 Estate still remains intire and I am told in a few years will 
 bring him 11,000 per annum, so he has only to adhere to 
 good Resolutions. 
 
 1 James Paine, architect, one of the original members of the Society of Arts. 
 
W. T. FRANKLIN ON AMERICAN AFFAIRS. 179 
 
 T4 th Dec. This goes by a M r Stuart from Grenada, who 
 your nephew 1 tells me is to leave this to-morrow morning. 
 You have five Morning Chronicles to amuse M r Oswald and 
 you with accounts of the Debates in Parliament. I saw 
 M re Oswald yesterday in good Health. Charles is preparing 
 to go to India, but I am of Opinion in any event He must go 
 to Bengal, where John Macpherson is, on whose friendship 
 I hope He may rely. Money I am told is singularly scarce 
 at Madras. I hope Zobrany will begin with Bombay and go 
 through the Settlements. I went to the House of Commons 
 on Thursday with James Macpherson, but He wou'd not stay 
 long being determined as He says not to be in a Division till 
 after the Holydays. Pray do not forget me to M r Oswald. 
 
 Yours ever 
 
 THO S BROWN. 
 
 [PAPER IN THE HANDWRITING OF W. T. FRANKLIN.] 
 
 On the other hand, if our Commerce and Friendship are 
 of some Advantage to you ; while you are exasperating this 
 country against the Colonies by Misrepresentations and 
 Falshoods, if you are at the same time by your Abuses 
 so exasperating that Country against this, as that they will 
 from Resentment exert themselves more earnestly, to give 
 Encouragement, and finally should succeed in every Manu- 
 facture as they have already in several, Will your Country 
 then think that you have been doing it Service? 
 
 Don't you suppose it possible, that Civil Dissensions may 
 encourage Foreign Insults ? Can you conceive the least use 
 in destroying all mutual Regard and Affection between 
 Britain and America? Do you think it impossible that 
 England may ever need Assistance from the Colonies ? Do 
 you think it quite out of the Course of human Affairs that 
 Britons should ever have occasion to seek an Asylum in 
 America? Would it not be more comfortable to you and 
 your Children to find there LIBERTY and Friends, than 
 SLAVERY and Enemies? Why then would you have us 
 reduc'd to a Condition in which, if you succeed, we shall 
 ever detest you? 
 
 1 Charles Smith. 
 N 2, 
 
180 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO FREDERIC STUART.] 
 
 XMAS DAY, 
 DEAR SIR, Paris - 2 5 th D ^ '** 
 
 The Complim 18 of the season and all other good 
 wishes attend you ! Calebus Frederico salutem dicit. And 
 now without further Compliment or Preamble, let me come 
 to the point, and rush at once into the middle of things. 
 Know then, most illustrious Frederic, that your Friend, (if he 
 may presume to call himself by that Title) the quondam 
 Secretary of the Literati, is now at Paris, acting as Secr y to 
 the Comm n for treating of Peace with America. 
 
 M r Os d was sent here (in the begin 8 of last summer) for 
 that purpose, and did me the Honor to ask me to accom y 
 him. You may believe it was not very conven* for me to 
 leave London, for so long a term, but the object was of that 
 Importance, that I obey'd the call, quitted everything else, 
 and followed him. 'Tis some satisfaction, that our mission 
 has not been in vain. The great object of it was accom- 
 plish'd on S l Andrew's day when we sign'd and seal'd the 
 articles of a Preliminary Treaty with America, to take Effect 
 whenever Terms of Peace shall be agreed upon between Gr: 
 Britain and France. Whether the Terms will please the 
 English nation I cannot tell, but I am persuaded they are 
 the best that the Circumstances of the Times would admit of. 
 It is written, Blessed are the Peace makers ! and so it 
 might have been in ancient Times, but in those of modern 
 Date on a changt tout cela and changed too with a Vengeance ; 
 for of all menkind none are so apt to be traduced vilified and 
 misrepresented as your Peacemakers. Is it not amazing that 
 one man who plunges a Nation into all the Horrors of a 
 ruinous war should be universally applauded, and another 
 man who extricates them out of it shou'd be curs'd and 
 abused. This seems to be a temporary Intoxic n or privation 
 of underst 8 in a whole people. One of the most remarkable 
 Instances of this kind happen'd (as you may have heard) 
 about twenty years ago, when we made the best Peace we 
 had ever done since we were a Nation and from the Be- 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO FREDERIC STUART. l8l 
 
 haviour of the People on that occasion, some Folks are of 
 opinion that we do not deserve ever to make such another. 
 Nor indeed shall we, for our present treaty with France must 
 in the Nature of Things be very diff* from the last, and 
 perhaps also may meet a diff* Fate. Bless me, here have 
 I got upon my political Hobby, and am prancing away at 
 a prodigious rate : let me now dismount and consign him to 
 the Stable. 
 
 Now to the point. M r Oswald and I have hired one of 
 the best Hotels in Paris, the Furniture is new and neat ; with 
 Equipage, Domesticks and indeed what not. We keep con- 
 stant Table. In all this there is, to be sure, much Splendor, 
 but we are deficient in Comforts. We want the Society of 
 an agreeable Friend, such an one as John Macpherson, L d 
 Kelly, or Frederic Stuart, but honest John is gone to India 
 to make Nabobs, and L d Kelly is gone to Heaven to compose 
 new Hallelujahs ; last, but not least in our dear Love cometh 
 Frederic. He, I am told, is in our Neighbourhood, and if he 
 wo d deign to visit us I shou'd look upon it as a Godsend. 
 We have twice as much room as We may occupy. He shall 
 have a whole Suite of Apartments to himself and his serv*. 
 He shall live as he pleases, keep his own Hours, in short 
 shall lay down the Law, or as I used to phrase it in our 
 Jocular days, the Code Fredericque. What say you, my 
 dear Sir ? Will you accept our Invitation ? There are not 
 many People to whom one wo d give such an one : and perhaps 
 there are few from whom you wo d chuse to accept it. It will 
 be very flattering to me to find myself of that Number. 
 Three or four days will transport you hither, and I shall be 
 transported to see you. We shall stay here till after the 
 Definitive Treaty but the sooner you come the better. 
 
 M r O. joins with me in complim 8 and good wishes. I ever am 
 
 Your's most heartily 
 
 C. W. 
 
 I have wrote you a much longer Epistle than I intended 
 when I sat down : indeed I consider'd it as chatting with 
 you, and was no more in a hurry to rise from it, than I used 
 formerly at the British or the Adelphi. 
 
1 82 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 DEAR FREDERIC, [PARIS ' I78 - ] 
 
 We easily believe what we fondly wish. You must 
 know I had flatter'd myself with the hopes of your coming 
 here and passing some weeks with me, and was extremely 
 mortified at your preferring the dead to the living, a new 
 book to an old friend. 
 
 Since the signing of the provisional treaty I have been 
 pretty much at leisure except now and then lending a hand 
 to M r Fitzherbert, whom I have long known, and who is 
 a man of sense, and a man of letters. Therefore I was glad 
 to be of any assistance to him. But for these six weeks past 
 during M r Oswald's absence I have been living in this great 
 hotel all alone, and to use the words of a royal duke, nobody 
 with me but myself, making each day at least two comfortless, 
 because solitary meals. Ah ! what a Godsend you wou'd 
 have been on this occasion ! But it seems you avoid with 
 care every place where you may chance to meet with your 
 old companions or friends. And why is this ? It seems you 
 have spent a little more money in London than you ought to 
 have done. Well, are you the first Enfant de Famille, the 
 first young man of spirit who has done so ? Are you for this 
 voluntarily to renounce your friends, your relations, and your 
 country ? For God's sake open your case to your father, or 
 your brother, or your Banker, or to some friend to me if you 
 think me worthy of that confidence, let me know the amount 
 of what you owe ; and when I return to London Tom Coutts 
 and I will lay our heads together, and try what can be done. 
 I trust you will pardon my seeming officiousness in thus 
 meddling with your affairs, since it proceeds from the most 
 hearty good will, and affectionate regard. 
 
 And so the peace, and the peacemakers are abused. 
 This is all very natural ; it is in the common course of things, 
 and I always laid my account with it. I knew that the peace 
 must be, from the untoward situation of our affairs a Peace of 
 Concessions, and being so, it cou'd not be a popular one, yet 
 
RICHARD OSWALD TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 183 
 
 I am convinc'd it is the best that the circumstances of the 
 times wou'd admit of, and such a one as those who rail 
 against it, wou'd if they had been ministers have gladly 
 accepted. As to the articles, I suppose you get the Courier 
 de t Europe, where you are ; if not, I will send you one. 
 
 Patten and Campbell are much yours, the former (unless 
 when he goes to administer justice to the ancient Britons) 
 constantly attends the Club, and we allways remember you 
 in our libations, which by the bye are not so copiotis as they 
 were wont, at least on my part. The spirit indeed is willing, 
 but the flesh is weak. Your friend Campbell does not attend 
 us so regularly, he has other amusements, Horses and pictures 
 and women take up much of his time. 
 
 Tom Brown is hearty and well ; he has not changed his 
 Complexion, which you remember was a claret one. 
 
 I have continued this sort of chit chat as long as I had 
 anything to say, and I have nothing further to add but that 
 I ever am D r Frederic 
 
 Yours most heartily, 
 
 C. W. 
 
 Apropos to old friends, I have this moment had the pleasure 
 of receiving a letter from John Home. 
 
 [RICHARD OSWALD TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DEAR SIR, LONDON ' ****' 
 
 I duly received both your Letters, for which I thank 
 you. The news therein mentioned you may believe were 
 very agreeable, and upon which I most sincerely congratulate 
 Mr. Fitzherbert. There is nothing material doing here but 
 what you will have a full account of in the publick Papers. 
 The Ratification of the preliminaries with France and Spain 
 are not yet arrived, but are soon expected. When they are 
 received the whole of the Treaties will be taken under con- 
 sideration by Parliament. Untill then I can say nothing of 
 my return. In the meantime I beg my best compliments to 
 all Friends. 
 
184 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 M r Manning delivered me the inclosed Letter from M r 
 Laurens, and told me that a daughter of M r Laurens is come 
 to Paris, and I suppose under the care of Mons r Grand. Be 
 so good to deliver it, with my complim ts to the young Lady. 
 Her Father writes M r Manning that he will sett out for Paris 
 directly and proposes to be here on the io th or II th . 
 
 I beg my Complim 18 to M r Perregan. I received his Letter, 
 and should have been very glad to serve him even at the 
 expense of a prior connection, but have not succeeded. 
 However I tried it by speaking to M r Falkener who go's 
 Secretary to Lord Caermarthen. He told me that his Lop 8 
 correspondence was already fixed with Mons. Grand. So 
 there was no more to be said on the Subject. I don't trouble 
 M r Fitzherbert with any Letter, however, with my Complim* 8 
 be so good to tell him that last week I delivered to M r 
 Fraser at L d Grantham's office a packet for him containing 
 the contents of his commission to me, to be sent by the first 
 Courier. 
 
 M rs Oswald begs to be remembered to you and I am 
 D r Sir, 
 
 Your most obed* hum 6 
 
 Servant 
 RICHARD OSWALD. 
 
 [ROBERT MYLNE TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DEAR SIR, LONDON, /^ 16*1783. 
 
 I have left Arundel Street and the follys of London 
 altogether and retired to room and quietness at the New River 
 Head, where I beg you'll direct to me for the future. I expect 
 our friend Jamie Ferguson to dinner, with all his Parisian and 
 Political news : zested with the more precious sort of Friendly 
 news. I think James must have been an odd fish, almost out 
 of the water, at Paris, where all, even you and Philosophy, 
 run at the King of Pleasure. When Voltaire's Candide came 
 first out, M r Ferguson and I were at Venice, and all his 
 acquaintance there christened him Signer Pococurante. I think 
 
RICHARD OSWALD TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 185 
 
 he seems not much altered yet. My learned critical friend 
 M r Crofts is dead, and his curious collection of books are to 
 be sold in a month or so. The Catalogue is a great curiosity 
 in itself. It is to be had at Mons r Barois a bookseller at 
 Paris. Mention it among the learned if you find occasion 
 for the good of the Brother of my late Friend. I ever am, 
 D* Sir, 
 
 Yours most sincerely &c. 
 
 ROBERT MYLNE. 
 
 [RICHARD OSWALD TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DEAR SIR, LONDON, Saturday, 5 April, 1783. 
 
 I had yours of the 25 th of last month, advising your 
 draft of 200, which will be taken care of. Your Observation 
 Regarding the Animadversions on the Clause of Reciprocity 
 is just and it naturally ocurred here upon their appearing in 
 publick. But it was thought best to let those Exceptions or 
 Criticisms, pass over, without entering into Explanations, 
 either in parliam* or otherways, as they would have answered 
 no good purpose, considering all circumstances. 
 
 These affairs are now over, our Preliminaries here being 
 settled, and proceeding in the Streight course to a solid 
 Ratification. 
 
 In consequence of which, I am told M r David Hartley is ap- 
 pointed to go over to Paris to finish what may be still depend- 
 ing for a settlement between G. Britain and America. Of this 
 I am just now informed by M r Laurens, who has been this 
 morning with M r Fox, to whose office Lord North has trans- 
 ferred all American business. It was formerly you know in M r 
 Townshend's Province, which is now taken up by Lord North. 
 
 The Case being so, I can have nothing to do at Paris, nor 
 any Motive for my Returning thither, unless it was to take 
 leave of certain Gentlemen there, for whom I cannot but 
 entertain a sincere esteem and regard, in remembrance of 
 what had passed in the course of the business which I had 
 the honour to transact with them. In place thereof, I must 
 
1 86 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 trust to your being so good to make my Respectful Com- 
 pliments to them, with an assurance that my best wishes shall 
 ever attend them, and the concerns in which they are engaged ; 
 in perfect confidence at some time that, by the concurrence 
 of their good offices, a solid foundation will be laid for mutual 
 and lasting friendship, and the future prosperity of both 
 countries. 
 
 By a Friend of M r Vaughan's, I sent you about a month 
 past the small Globe and Lunette for Mons r Fuzas, both 
 directed to you. I could not use the freedom of troubling 
 him with the Book of Maps, but I shall send them by M r 
 Laurens, who setts out with his Family for Paris in three or 
 four days. I beg my best Respects to Mons r Fuzas. 
 
 As I was called home by the Secretary of State, expressly 
 to Remain here only a few days, you'l remember I thought 
 it improper to make any alteration in our Establishment at 
 Paris. Nor even thought it right to do so without some kind 
 of direction or nottice after I saw the Tide of Administration 
 likely to take a different course. But now, having this 
 Information from M r Laurens of M r Hartleys being appointed 
 to that Charge, there is no occasion for any further Scruples 
 about the matter ; and consequently I could wish that an 
 end may be put to the said Expence as soon as may be 
 convenient for you. To that end, and for clearing off any 
 outstanding demands, you will please draw on me what may 
 be necessary. If there is nothing else to detain you at Paris, 
 I shall hope soon to have the pleasure of seeing you here. 
 
 In the meantime I beg leave to trouble you with a seperate 
 Memorandum relative to the Sunday Papers, Books and other 
 things which I left behind me ; begging your care of them, so 
 as they may be put up and forwarded to this place in the 
 saftest manner as may occur to you. 
 
 I send you inclosed a Letter to Doctor Franklin which 
 was put into my hands some days ago by M r Richard 
 Jackson l one of the late Lords of the Treasury. I hope 
 
 1 Jackson the ' Omniscient,' which ' Dr. Johnson altered to " all knowing " as it 
 is a verbum solenne appropriated to the Supreme Being.' [Boswell's Johnson, ed. 
 by Hill, iii. 19.] 
 
ANECDOTES OF THE AMERICAN NEGOTIATIONS. 187 
 
 M Jay is well. I beg my best Respects to her, and hope 
 she will not pass us in her Course westward. Her Husband 
 I believe would also feel the benefit of our Bath Waters. 
 Pray remember me to General Melville and believe me to be 
 
 very truly Dear Sir, 
 
 Your most obedient servant 
 
 RICHARD OSWALD. 
 
 I beg my kind Comp t8 to M r Fitzherbert and hope he 
 continues in good health. 
 
 [ANECDOTES OF THE NEGOTIATIONS.] 
 
 First time of dining at D* F' 8 Mons r ask'd me if 
 
 I thought we shou'd soon have Peace. I said, I cou'd not 
 speak fr m Authority, but I believ'd that wou'd depend on the 
 Moderation of the French Ministers, and on their proposing 
 equitable Terms, that if they insisted on any articles dis- 
 graceful to Great Britain, the People wou'd rather spend their 
 
 last shilling than submit to them. Mons r replied that 
 
 the Ministers profess'd as great Moderation as cou'd be 
 desired. That France had nothing to ask for herself; she 
 had gain'd the Objects for which she took up arms, viz. : 
 the Independance of her American Allies, and the Freedom 
 of Navigation. She had acquired Glory, and was not 
 desirous of acquiring Territory especially at so great Distance. 
 That she had Empire enough ; these he believed were the 
 Sentiments of the French Ministers, but as to their Allies, 
 he did not know what they might ask. He talk'd of the bad 
 Policy of going to War with our Colonies. I told him, I was 
 not the Minister. He said the last Peace we made, was a very 
 bad one ; I replied I thought it was too good. He talk'd of 
 the growing Greatness of America, and that the thirteen 
 united States wou'd form the greatest Empire in the world. 
 Yes Sir, I replied, and they will all speak English ; every one 
 of 'em. His triumph was check'd. He understood what was 
 intended to be convey'd, viz., that from a similarity of Lan- 
 guage Manners and Religion, that Great Empire wou'd be 
 English not French. 
 
l88 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 He told me of a Bon mot of Sir W m D. at Dinner at the 
 Count D'Estaing's, con g vin de Champagne. Sir W m said 
 que c'etait le meilleur des mns de France, qtie cela resemblait a la 
 Nation il avait de la Force, et de lEsprit, ask'd me 
 how I liked it. I said it was admirable ; and that I was at 
 a loss which most to admire, the turn of the expression, or 
 the Justness of the Idea. 
 
 He ask'd me what the new Ministers were doing. I told 
 him the new Ministers possess'd the Confidence of the People, 
 and therefore wou'd be able to raise both men and money 
 much easier than their Predecessors. That they saw the 
 absurdity of the American War and were therefore getting 
 out of it and were making vigorous Exertions on our natural 
 Element, the Sea. That they were making the Marines Sailors, 
 the Soldiers Marines, and the Militia Soldiers ; and that our 
 Enemies wou'd soon perceive that we were capable of making 
 a much more respectable Figure, at Sea, than we had done 
 
 during the present war. Mons r said the French wou'd 
 
 this year have ten thous d regular Troops in India. I replied 
 it was rather unfortunate, that on the whole Continent of 
 India, France did not possess a single foot of Land for her 
 Troops to stand on. He was nettled, and offered a Wager of 
 100 Louis that the English wou'd be driven out of India, 
 within a year. I accepted the Bett, but Mons r did not 
 insist on it. 
 
 During the Negociation of the Preliminary Treaty of Peace, 
 with the American Ministers of Paris, the British Cabinet 
 instructed their Negociators, to procure for the Loyalists 
 every possible Satisfaction ; such as Restitution of their 
 Estates, Indemnification for their losses &c. Consequently 
 these were points which we strenuously laboured to obtain. 
 
 I recollect one of the American Ministers saying, ' It is 
 strange you should insist on our rewarding People who have 
 been plundering, burning, and cutting our throats. If you 
 think them so very deserving, why don't you reward them 
 yourselves ? But it would be very hard to oblige us to do it, 
 even if you had conquered us ; and you will please to recol- 
 lect, that you have not conquered us.' 
 
RICHARD TICKELL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 189 
 
 I remember also one of the American Ministers saying, 
 ' that in his opinion, America had as good a right to insist on 
 Great Britain indemnifying the American sufferers for all 
 Losses and Damage, occasioned by the British Troops in 
 America.' In short we found that the American ministers 
 could not do what we required of them. Congress itself, 
 (from whom they derived their Powers,) could not do it. 
 Each of the thirteen provinces, being a Sovereign and inde- 
 pendent State within itself, and govern'd by its own Laws, 
 All that Congress could do, was seriously to recommend 
 to the different States to restore the Lands, Rights and 
 Properties of the Loyalists ; as also to reconsider and amend 
 all their Acts relative to them, &c. 
 
 An Article to this Effect we obtained to be inserted in the 
 Treaty ; and it was all that, (according to the then Circum- 
 stances,) could be obtained. 
 
 [R. TICKELL l TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 STAMP OFFICE, 
 DEAR SIR, .5 th July, .783. 
 
 I have a particular favour to request. I must begin 
 with stating to you that it's not for myself. It is for 
 M r Brindley 2 , my Brother Commissioner, who has a beautiful 
 collection of Medals. Thus then I proceed. You are pos- 
 sessed of some impressions of the Medal struck at Paris 
 on the Declaration of American Independence ; and I, in 
 a foolish proud way, have boasted my power with you, and 
 said I'm sure you'll oblige M r Brindley with one of these 
 Medals, at my request. The Question is whether you will 
 sink or establish my credit on this point. Take notice that 
 the First Comm r of Stamps admitting this Independant Stamp 
 
 1 Richard Tickell, Commissioner of Stamp Duties, author of Anticipation, 
 died on Nov. I, 1793, in consequence of a fall from the parapet, on which he was 
 reading, in front of the window of his apartments in Hampton Court Palace. 
 His first wife was Mrs. Sheridan's sister. 
 
 * James Bindley, the ' Father of the Society of Antiquarians,' had been Senior 
 Commissioner of Stamp Duties since 1781. He died at his apartments in Somerset 
 House on Sept. n, 1818, in his 8ist year. 
 
190 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 into his collection is curious. We had provided a good many 
 for America with choice devices. It wasn't our fault that 
 they rejected them. M r Brindley, with your leave, will wait 
 on you, to kiss hands for this Medal, and to take due 
 care of it. 
 
 Yours Faithfully 
 
 R. TlCKELL. 
 
 [W. T. FRANKLIN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, 
 
 I have been so much taken up with Business since the 
 rec* of your Letter, inclosing me an Introduction to M rs Hesse, 
 that I have hitherto delay'd answering it. I have not how- 
 ever been deficient in complying with your request relative to 
 that amiable and accomplish'd Lady: She has form'd with 
 M r Brillon not merely an Acquaintance, but really a Friend- 
 ship ; and it is impossible for any one to be more universally 
 liked, than she has made herself here by her Person and 
 pleasing Manners. We all exceedingly Regret, that her stay 
 among us has been so short and we are perpetually talking of 
 going all together to England to make her Visit. I really 
 should not be suprised if M r Brillon and Family should carry 
 this Project into execution in the Fall. As to my Grand- 
 father and myself, I hardly know what will become of us ; He 
 has no Answer from Congress to his repeated Applications to 
 Retire, and so continues here, tho' with much Reluctance. 
 I wish ardently to be able to visit England before we Return, 
 were it only for eight Days, to see you and my other Friends, 
 and embrace my Father. He cannot regret more than I do 
 our long Separation, and the interruption in our Correspon- 
 dence ; he knows the Character of some of our Rulers, and 
 cannot but approve of my discretion. 
 
 Our Negotiations do not go on so well as when Mr. O. 
 and you were here. We have lost by the change a worthy 
 Friend, and your Country, an able and upright Minister. 
 
 Adieu my dear Sir, I write in haste in hopes of being in 
 time to request M rs Hesse to take charge of my Letter. 
 
RICHARD OSWALD TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 191 
 
 My Grandfather and M r and M rs Jay present you their 
 affectionate Comp ts as likewise to M r Oswald, to whom please 
 to remember me in the most affectionate Manner, and 
 believe me, as ever, 
 
 Sincerely yours 
 
 W. T. FRANKLIN. 
 
 Congress have alone Authority to appoint Consuls. The 
 Place at Calais has already been asked for by 50 Persons. 
 If a Frenchman is appointed, it is likely to be Le Veux, our 
 old Corresp 1 . 
 
 [RICHARD OSWALD TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DEAR SIR, 15*^7,1784. 
 
 I have the favour of yours, and am sorry you are to be 
 hurried in this manner, but we cannot do too much for the 
 public good, and therefor must be contented to submit at 
 occasional Inconveniences. I have of late heard nothing from 
 that part of the World and therefor have no commands to 
 trouble you with but our Compliments to all Friends, particu- 
 larly to Sir John Whitefoord, his Lady and Family, and to 
 Sir Adam Ferguson, Recommending it to you at same time to 
 take up your lodging at Achinenie, and to enquire if any of 
 that Claret No. i. is left of which you possibly have some 
 Remembrance and if so to try to make up a Party or parties 
 for finishing it. Also that you will bring back a very par- 
 ticular account of the present State of the Premises, upon 
 which I have laid out no small Sum of Money since the time 
 of your last visit with no other view in the world but to 
 obtain the approbation of gentlemen of your taste. Wishing 
 you most heartily a pleasant Journey and a ministerial Elec- 
 tion, I conclude with M ra O.'s Complim 18 . 
 
 Dear Sir 
 Your most obed* Serv. 
 
 RICHARD OSWALD. 
 
 I have a letter from Sir A. F. dated the 5 th but there was 
 nothing in it that lookt as if I should be wanted. Which was 
 
THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 lucky as I am so far from being in a travelling state of health 
 that nothing but a call in the articulo mortis, would have 
 moved me. In that case indeed I should perhaps have been 
 as well prepared for a Journey as you are in spite of all 
 Remonstrances Physical or Domestic. No Doubt you know 
 that the day of Election is fixed for the so th Tuesday next. 
 So you must not tarry on your course. 
 
 [RICHARD OSWALD TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 FRIDAY EVENING, 7 o'clock. 
 
 M r Jay being now at Dover, in his way to New York, 
 with M r8 Jay and Family, I am to sett out tomorrow morning 
 for that place, to bid him farewell, believing it not likely that 
 we shall have another meeting on this side the great Lake. 
 
 M r Laurens and M r Vaughan are to be of the Party. 
 If you chuse to make a Fourth, we can give you Passage, 
 provided you are at my House tomorrow at 7 o'clock, and 
 not later. We propose to stay only to Monday morning. 
 If you go, it won't be amiss to let me know some time 
 tonight. 
 
 M r Jay's ship is now at Gravesend. He don't come to 
 Town. I am D r Sir 
 
 Yours 
 
 RICHARD OSWALD. 
 
 CASE OF BROWN AND WHITEFOORD, WITH RESPECT TO 
 THEIR CONNECTIONS AND TRANSACTIONS WITH 
 JOHN MILL AND RICHARD OSWALD ESQ RS BOTH 
 DECEASED. 
 
 So early as the year 1757, and from thence to 1771 when 
 Mr. John Mill died, a particular Intimacy and Friendship 
 had subsisted between him and Mess rs Brown and White- 
 foord. M r Mill, in the early part of their Business of Wine 
 merchants lent them money to the amount of 1800, but 
 situations and circumstances occurr'd, that through him, they 
 were put to expenses, nearly equal to the sum borrowed. 
 
THE CASE OF BROWN AND WHITEFOORD. 193 
 
 In the year 1765, M r Mill, (who was naturally an indolent 
 man,) being tired of the trouble and Expense of House- 
 keeping, quitted his House at Hampstead, and took a Lodg- 
 ing in Craven Street, for the sake of being near Mess rs B. 
 and W. and he and his particular Friends lived very much 
 with them, to their great additional Expence, for almost seven 
 years, untill his Death in 1771. 
 
 So great was their Intimacy and his Professions of Friend- 
 ship and Regard that it was the general Idea of all their 
 friends and acquaintance, and they had many reasons for 
 their hopes, that they would be fully compensated by M r Mill, 
 for such Expence. These were certainly his Intentions but 
 unfortunately he was suddenly taken ofT by an Apoplectic fit, 
 without having made them any Compensation. 
 
 M r Whitefoord at different times gave M r Oswald hints of 
 the Expence they were put to on M r Mill's account, and told 
 him that they did not consider themselves in foro Conscientiae 
 indebted to M r Mill. But M r Oswald did not shew any 
 Desire of learning the particulars, till on their Return to- 
 gether from Scotland in 1780, when he (on M r Mill's name 
 being mentioned,) brought on the subject himself, and on 
 M r Whitefoord's repeating all the Circumstances, and asking 
 if it was just or reasonable that Mess" B. and W. should 
 be put to so much Expence, without any Compensation, 
 M r Oswald said, indeed it was neither just nor reasonable. 
 M r Whitefoord said it was a Satisfaction to him to find that 
 he was of that opinion. 
 
 In March 1782, (the Ministry being desirous of putting an 
 End to the American War,) M r Oswald was appointed to go 
 6ver to Paris, in order to open a confidential communication 
 with Doctor Franklin. M r Oswald being then totaly un- 
 known to Doctor Franklin ; having never been in France, 
 and not speaking the Language, sollicited M r Whitefoord, (of 
 whose abilites and Integrity he entertained a very favourable 
 Opinion, and who had for many years lived on terms of great 
 Friendship and Intimacy with the Doctor,) to accompany him 
 to France on this Business. 
 
 On their arrival at Paris, M r Whitefoord leaving M r Oswald 
 
 O 
 
194 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 there, went immediately to Passy, the Country Seat where 
 Doctor Franklin resided ; communicated to him the Errand 
 he came upon ; used every means of giving him the most 
 favourable Impression of M r Oswald, and requested the Doctor's 
 permission to bring him there, in order to introduce him. 
 D r Franklin having been much teized with People who came 
 to him from London, and who afterwards gave unfaithful 
 Reports of his Conversation, was very unwilling to receive 
 any new acquaintance from England. But at M r White- 
 foord's earnest Request, and from the high Character he gave of 
 M r Oswald, the Doctor agreed to receive him ; And thus the 
 Parties being brought together and prepossessed in favour of 
 each other, the negociation commenced in the most amicable 
 manner ; and in a few days M r Oswald and M r Whitefoord 
 returned to London, having obtained from Doctor Franklin 
 confidential answers, to all the Questions proposed by Adminis- 
 tration. 
 
 Towards the latter end of April, they went again to Paris, 
 where M r Whitefoord continued thirteen months, constantly 
 employed Day and Night in the different Negotiations, untill 
 Peace was concluded. 
 
 M r Whitefoord's Employment at Paris was more laborious 
 than any he ever was engaged in. He was sometimes for 
 weeks together at the writing Desk, from seven in the morning, 
 till eleven at night : For the Business, being of a secret and 
 confidential nature, did not admit of his receiving assistance. 
 There were three American Commissioners to treat with, who 
 all stood upon an equal footing : therefore each of them 
 required separate copies of many official Papers, and also 
 Copies must be made of all papers delivered by them to us : 
 Besides this, M r Oswald being of a very active and speculative 
 Mind, was much employed in drawing up Schemes and Plans 
 either in behalf of the Loyalists, and the mother Country, or 
 for annoying our Enemies. Some of those Plans were very 
 long, and M r Whitefoord generally made two Copies of each ; 
 so that he had more writing there in oneye&v than he ever had 
 in his own Business in six. 
 
 During the negociation, M r Oswald was several times called 
 
THE CASE OF BROWN AND WHITEFOORD. 195 
 
 to London, leaving M r Whitefoord charged with the Business 
 in his Absence. From one of those Journeys M r Oswald 
 returned to Paris extremely ill ; He had been dangerously so 
 on the road, and told M r Whitefoord on his arrival, that he 
 thought he never should have seen him again. On M r White- 
 foord's observing in case of such a melancholy event, what 
 would have been his embarass'd situation, both with respect 
 to the Negociation, and the Bond Debt, M r Oswald replied, 
 as to that matter you have explained it to me already ; you 
 need not be uneasy about that, giving him to his intire con- 
 viction to understand, that every Idea of Payment was relin- 
 quished. This circumstance M r Whitefoord communicated 
 to his Partner. 
 
 M r Whitefoord remained several months at Paris after 
 M r Oswald's final return, having everything in Charge ; and 
 on his coming to London in May, 1783, the first or second 
 time he saw M r Oswald, took occasion to enquire, what he 
 had obtained for him from Government ; when he frankly 
 answered he had not ask'd for anything for him : that the 
 Ministers appeared to be in such Distress, he did not care to 
 ask them for anything. At which M r Whitefoord could not 
 help expressing his Surprise, as M r Oswald had frequently 
 declared to himself, to D r Franklin, Colonel Ross, M r Strange, 
 &c., ' that he would not accept of any Reward himself from 
 Government, but he would make it a point that M r White- 
 foord should have a handsome Provision for Life/ and 
 M r Whitefoord was so thoroughly perswaded from M r Oswald's 
 Declarations and Promises, that he was to have a Provision of 
 at least Five hundred a year for Life, that he had determined 
 to quit Business, and accordingly had given notice to 
 M r Brown to look out for some other Partner, that might be 
 agreeable to him. 
 
 M r Whitefoord on coming from this last Interview with 
 M r Oswald, informed his Partner of what had pass'd, and 
 observed that M r Oswald probably thought he had done 
 enough by cancelling the Bond Debt, of which he entertained 
 not the smallest Doubt, in consequence of M r Oswald's 
 Declaration at Paris. 
 
 O 2 
 
196 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 There was a Reason, which possibly might operate on 
 M r Oswald's mind, to prevent him from asking the Ministry 
 at that time to make any provision for M r Whitefoord, Viz., 
 M r Oswald had an old Claim upon Government for upwards 
 of fifty thousand Pounds, due to him as Contractor and Com- 
 missary during the German War, which claim he hoped to 
 obtain payment of, on account of his services in the American 
 Treaty : This was doubtless a very great Object ; and there- 
 fore he might not choose to clog it with any Demand, on 
 account of M r Whitefoord's services : for upon M r Rose asking 
 him at Lord Shelburne's, what was to be done for M r White- 
 foord, M r Oswald answered he would settle with M r White- 
 foord. The ministry were then winding up their Affairs, and 
 at that moment, M r Whitefoord might have had 500 a year 
 granted him for Life, or a Commissioner's place at one of the 
 Boards, if M r Oswald had required it ; or had he not in- 
 timated his Intention to take M r Whitefoord upon himself. 
 
 On the whole it is submitted to M rs Oswald and the Exe- 
 cutors that in consideration of the above mentioned circum- 
 stances relative to M r Mill ; the services of M r Whitefoord, 
 with the Declaration and Promises of M r Oswald, that the 
 Demand on Mess rs Brown and Whitefoord, (viz., the Bond 
 for ^"3000 with Interest thereon,) should be relinquish'd : As 
 there is the strongest presumption, that this was the Intention 
 of M r Oswald, or that he would have procured M r Whitefoord 
 at least 500 a year for Life, which would have been equiva- 
 lent to the above Demand, as the purchase of an Annuity of 
 only 400 per annum, at twelve years purchase, would amount 
 to 4800 a sum exceeding the Principal, and Interest of the 
 Debt. 
 
 Though M r Whitefoord throws himself on the Justice and 
 Candour of M r Oswald's Representatives ; yet it is not to be 
 ommitted that M r Whitefoord has good Grounds in the strictest 
 sense both of Law and Equity for a personal Demand on 
 M r Oswald for essential Services and Assistance rendered him 
 during the whole Negociation of the Peace. 
 
 C. WHITEFOORD. 
 
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 197 
 [LORD HINCHINBROOK TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 ST. JAMES' s,Jan. 5 th , 1785. 
 
 I have the pleasure of acquainting you that M r Pitt will 
 be glad to see you. He is at present much taken up, but he 
 will send to you in a few days and appoint the time. 
 
 [BENJAMIN FRANKLIN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR OLD FRIEND, PASSY > M y J 9> 1785- 
 
 I have desired my Nephew M r Williams to buy a Book 
 for me, Blackrie's Disquisitions upon Medicines for dissolving 
 the Stone *. It treats I understand of the Sope-Lye, which is 
 recommended in the Pamphlet you were so kind as to send 
 me. But as he may not easily find an Opportunity of sending 
 it to me, I have directed him to consult with you, hoping that 
 if it is not too big, you may prevail to have it come by the 
 Court Courier, under Cover to your Friend here, who will 
 immediately give it to me. 
 
 I am really griev'd to learn by your Letter to my Grandson, 
 that your public Services at the Treaty remain yet unrewarded. 
 You were long and usefully employ'd here, and it is a shame 
 you should be so long neglected. The Ministry being chang'd 
 does not lessen your Merit with regard to the Public. You 
 had a great Loss in the Death of that truly good Man 
 M r Oswald : For I know it was his Intention, tho' he would 
 not accept of anything for himself on Account of his Employ- 
 ment here, to make it Point with Government, the obtaining 
 a handsome Provision for you. It is unlucky, I think in the 
 Affairs of this World, that the Wise and Good should be as 
 mortal as Common People, and that they often die before 
 others are found fit to supply their Places. 
 
 I am ever, my dear Friend, 
 
 Your most affectionately 
 
 B. FRANKLIN. 
 
 1 A Disquisition on Medicines "which dissolve the Stone, in which D" Chittick's 
 secret is considered and discovered. By Alexander Blackrie. London, 1766. 
 12 mo. 2 nd edition improved and to -which a second part is added. 8. 1771. 
 
198 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [W. T. FRANKLIN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 AT THE MOTHER BANK, 
 MY DEAR FRIEND, *7S**y, 1785- 
 
 ... I have not been ?.ble to settle anything about your 
 Affair with the Due de Liancourt and Loiselle. I am astonish'd 
 indeed with what you tell about M r O. I hope you will be 
 able to obtain something at last: It will be much if it is equal 
 to your Merits. My Father will deliver you a second Edition 
 of my Grandfather's Letter, which may assist you. Crawford 
 is doing nothing but magnetizing and being magnetiz'd. 
 Dalrymple is busy ; and much esteem'd : I rec d my manu- 
 script book and thank you for the additional Pieces. No 
 Medals have been struck in America. Several have in France 
 relative to our Affairs which may be had at Paris, at the Hotel 
 de la Monoye des Medailles au Louvre : they are to be pur- 
 chased. The story of the Apples of King John is this : He 
 had two Apples, of which he eat One and kept t'other for 
 
 Himself. 
 
 . . . &c. 
 
 W. T. FRANKLIN. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO WILLIAM DUNDAS.] 
 
 j)r g IR LONDON, 20 th October, 1786. 
 
 I was very sorry I happen'd to be from home when you 
 did me the favour to call in Craven Street as I wish'd much to 
 see you ; indeed for some days past I fully intended to have 
 waited on you, in order to communicate a matter that has 
 surprised me exceedingly, and vex'd me damnably. 
 
 Your uncle M r Dundas 1 you know has been the butt of 
 much political abuse, falsehood and scurrility. Would you 
 believe it ? He harbours a most unjust and groundless sus- 
 picion that these attacks proceed from me. This appears in 
 a letter from your uncle to M r Brown, and which was instantly 
 communicated to me. How long M r Dundas has entertain'd 
 
 1 Henry Dundas. 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO WILLIAM DUNDAS. 199 
 
 this unworthy suspicion I know not ; but if it has been taken 
 for a fact it clearly explains the Reason why Adm n have with- 
 held my Reward for public services: which delay I own 
 I never cou'd account for till now. Nor indeed cou'd I ac- 
 count for the very distant and reserved behaviour of M r Dundas 
 for a considerable time past. And I cannot help saying that 
 if he had spoke out immediately it wou'd have been more 
 open and manly, in short more like what I conceivd to be his 
 character ; for really I know very little of M r Dundas and 
 I think it is evident that he knows still less of me. 
 
 But thus accused, I think I have a right to know M r Dundas' 
 reasons for imputing to me a conduct so base and unworthy. 
 If there is any man wicked enough and bold enough to assert 
 to my face that I am concern'd directly or indirectly in any 
 writings ag* admin n or any Member thereof, let that man be 
 produced, and I will have the satisfaction of telling him to his 
 face that he is a slanderer and a liar, and of giving him that 
 chastisement which the nature of the injury deserves at my 
 hands. 
 
 The fabricator of this false and injurious Report must be 
 a total stranger to me or my character. From the conduct he 
 imputes to me he must suppose me equally destitute of prin- 
 ciple as of common sense. And what temptation he can have 
 for so doing I cannot conceive, unless it be some needy Place 
 hunter, who imagines that I stand in his way, and contrives 
 this method of removing me out of it. 
 
 It is really humiliating to a man possessed of the least 
 degree of principle or feeling to be obliged to vindicate 
 himself from a charge of calumniating the friends whom he 
 pretends to support, and from whom he is soliciting favours 
 or rewards, and all this in behalf of a faction whom he detests. 
 This is a degree of duplicity and meanness that I am in- 
 capable of and if the fabricator of the report had known any- 
 thing of the real circumstances of the case he wou'd have con- 
 sulted probability a little more to give his lie the semblance 
 of truth. 
 
 Your uncle by his letter to M r Brown seems to think that 
 I write a great deal in the public papers. He is very much 
 
200 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 mistaken. When the present ministers came into power, 
 being a sincere well wisher of theirs, and fully persuaded of 
 their good intentions, I wrote and endeavoured to give the 
 public as favourable an opinion of them as I cou'd ; but not 
 being furnish'd with materials from authority, I was obliged 
 to stop, and I solemnly declare it is now two years since I have 
 written a line of politics, nor indeed of any kind whatever, 
 except some essays, containing a critique on the historical 
 paintings in the Royal Academy which I undertook at the 
 request of a friend, in order to defend the artists from the 
 illiberal attacks of some pretended connoisseurs. 
 
 And now my dear William, liberavi animam meam. I have 
 opened my mind fully to you on this subject. I have relieved 
 myself of an irksome burden. My first intention was to have 
 made my complaint in person and to have told you all this 
 vivd voce ; but words are fugitive things sed Litera scripta 
 manet. If I have any claim to your friendship, I hope through 
 your good offices to obtain some satisfaction in this matter, 
 and am Dear Sir 
 
 Yours most heartily 
 
 C. W. 
 
 [BENJAMIN FRANKLIN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 DEAR FRIEND, SOUTHAMPTON, >// 27, 1787. 
 
 My Son has shown me here a Newspaper, with your 
 Friendly Vindication 1 of me ; for which good Office accept 
 
 1 The allusion is to a letter in the Public Advertiser from A Briton alleging that 
 Dr. Franklin changed his dress before signing the treaty of peace and put on ' the 
 very coat that he wore at the time that Mr. Wedderburn abused him at the Council 
 Chamber ; an indignity which he rejoiced thus to revenge on his master, and the 
 whole British nation.' Whitefoord's reply was as follows : ' . . . . This absurd 
 story has no foundation but in the imagination of the inventor. Until I saw your 
 correspondent's letter, I did not know that the story had already appeared in 
 print. It is true indeed that I have frequently heard it repeated in conversation, 
 and have always treated it with the contempt it deserved. . . . Mr. Oswald, the British 
 Commissioner, being dead, I am the only person who can give your correspondent 
 official information on this subject. I am ready to meet A Briton when he 
 pleases. In the meantime, give me leave to assure him (having been present, 
 officially, as Secretary to the British Commission for treating of Peace with 
 America, during the whole time), that no such words as those mentioned in his 
 letter of this day were spoken by Dr. Franklin : neither did he leave the company 
 or change his dress. The inventor of the story supposes that the act of signing 
 
GENERAL REID TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 2OI 
 
 my Thanks. The Writer of the Calumny you have so well 
 refuted, manifests a good deal of Malignancy in his Nature ; 
 and such People are afflicted and punished, when they find 
 those Accusations false, which they wish'd to be true. He 
 may therefore be left to himself ; and it is hardly worth while 
 to let him know, that the Person he is so desirous of defaming, 
 not only did not mention the Transaction he alludes to, at the 
 times he states, but at no other time, nor to any other Person 
 or Persons, from the Day it happen'd, to the present. I am 
 sorry to learn that no Compensation has been made to you 
 for your Services at the Treaty. Had M r Oswald surviv'd he 
 certainly would have endeavour' d to procure something for 
 you ; tho' he intended, as I heard him say, to demand nothing 
 for himself. With great Esteem, I am ever, my dear Friend, 
 
 Yours most affectionately 
 
 B. FRANKLIN. 
 
 [GENERAL REID TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 I have been informed that M r Franklin, Grandson of doctor 
 Franklin and his private Secretary, who was in England soon 
 after the late Peace, on his way to America, gave the follow- 
 ing account to several Gentlemen of known Veracity, viz. 
 that at the commencement of the Treaty for settling the 
 preliminary Articles of the Peace, between Great Britain 
 and America, the Agents of the former demanded that the 
 American Congress should restore to the American Loyal- 
 ists all their Rights and Properties of every kind. That the 
 Agents for America absolutely refused this, unless Great 
 Britain would Indemnify the Americans for all the Losses 
 they sustained from the King's Troops during the War, by 
 
 the peace took place at the house of Dr. Franklin. The fact is otherwise : the 
 conferences were held, and the treaty was signed, at the hotel of the British Com- 
 missioner, where Dr. Franklin and the other American commissioners gave their 
 attendance for that purpose. The Court of Versailles having at that time gone 
 into mourning for the death of some German Prince, the Doctor of course was 
 dressed in a suit of black cloth and it is in the recollection of the writer of this, 
 and also he believes of many other people, that when the memorable philippick 
 was pronounced against Dr. Franklin in the Privy Council, he was dressed in a suit 
 of figured Manchester velvet! 
 
202 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Burning, Plundering & cra and that unless this was agreed to 
 they would not admit of the demand of the British Agents 
 in favour of the Loyalists ; but would break off the Treaty 
 rather than agree to it. That upon this, the British Agents 
 sent over to the then Minister of Great Britain for Instruc- 
 tions on this head ; and received the Minister's Instructions 
 to give up the Claim of Indemnification to the Loyalists for 
 their loss of Property & cra provided the American Agents relin- 
 quished their said demand of Indemnity for Losses sustained 
 by the Americans during the war. I am satisfied that M r 
 Franklin realy did give the account before mentioned, nor 
 do I know any reason to doubt the Truth of his account. 
 I wish to know if you was present at the above mentioned 
 Conference, and whether the Account of it given by M r 
 Franklin is just and true. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO GENERAL REID.] 
 
 I think that those who gave General Reid the above 
 information, must have ^understood M r Franklin : for it is 
 scarcely possible that any Person concern'd in the Negociation, 
 should make such an Assertion ; it being directly contrary to 
 Truth. The fact is, that the American Ministers did admit 
 our claim of Indemnification in favour of the Loyalists ; and 
 did not insist on Indemnification to their own People, for the 
 losses occasioned by the King's Troops. 
 
 [JOHN STRANGE 1 TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 N. 8, CAROLINE STREET, 
 MY GOOD SIR, Octbr '3 th > 1787. 
 
 Many thanks for your last kind call ; being still confined 
 to my room by Gout &c., in the meantime, tho' Quiet is my 
 
 1 John Strange, LL.D., F.R.S., F.S.A., &c., was the only son of Sir John 
 Strange, Master of the Rolls. He was educated at Clare Hall, Cambridge, where 
 he proceeded M.A. in 1775. He was British Resident at Venice in 1773. For an 
 account of his life and antiquarian writings vide Nichols' Literary Anecdotes, 
 viii. 9-12, 610; ix. 673, 720. 
 
THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 203 
 
 great Doctor, yet I am otherwise not quite idle ; of which 
 this, with your kind leave is some proof. Can you from 
 your storehouse of virth knowledge, added to so much other, 
 give me any Intelligence, be it ever so trifling, of George 
 Augustus Wollfgang, the very able Painter (German, I sup- 
 pose) of my beautiful miniature Portrait of Handel, already 
 well known to you ? His initials, G. A. IV., with the year 
 1727 or 1737 (the 3 d figure being partly erased and dubious) 
 are marked in one corner of the Piece. Hence it was cer- 
 tainly done in England ; Handel being resident here, at both 
 those periods. . . . 
 
 I just read, in the Papers, with real concern, the Death of 
 good M r Antrobus J , at Cheam in Surrey. May it not be 
 true! What will become of his choice collection in such 
 case ? Hoping soon to get well enough to see you, I am, &c. 
 
 JOHN STRANGE. 
 
 [T. COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 STRAND, June 26 th , 1788. 
 
 The Emperor has abandoned the Siege of Belgrade, and 
 the Turk has sent his Purses to Stockholm to enable the 
 Swedes to attack the She Bear. The French are forming 
 camps in different provinces, one of 30,000 men under 
 Marshall Broglio. They will have an expensive summer and 
 an unquiet one. If in the midst of these things and with our 
 Dutch and Prussian Alliances we can keep quiet, I think 
 Old England will thrive still. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 STRAND,/^ i6 th , 1788. 
 
 Yesterday was our day fix'd for travelling, and I really 
 thought we should have kept it, but unfortunately from too 
 much hurry and Fatigue M ra Coutts was taken very ill : 
 However I am in good Hopes it is but a short Temporary 
 
 1 Edmund Antrobus. His pictures were sold by private contract on Feb. i, 
 1/88, and the following days. 
 
204 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Business and that tonight or tomorrow we shall get away. . . . 
 Cheltenham I suppose is now so very magnificent THE 
 PEOPLE will no longer Pay any regard to their old acquaint- 
 ances and we must look out for another Saline Mineral, when 
 there happens to be any need for it. The Duke of York told 
 me He meant to go down on a visit. I mentioned to Him 
 a lesson for Royalty I had from Geo. Selwyn. In the year 
 1 6 Hundred and something or other, there was, as M r Selwyn 
 told me, Three kings at Matson (His place near Glocester) at 
 once, viz. King Charles the first and his Two Sons. They 
 were there on the i\st Day of August. It is not an impossible 
 thing that the K., P. of W., and Duke of York may be there 
 the same day next month and they may, like the other 
 Three, be all kings. Should it so fall out that they go to 
 Matson that Day they may perhaps come away with a creak 
 in the neck, for it is certain that K. Charles and His Two 
 sons when at Matson had as little apprehension of their 
 future fate as our Royal Trio might now have at the House 
 of this celebrated Joker M r Brown is at Bath I be- 
 lieve or Weymouth or Tunbridge or somewhere in the 
 Country. You was very good in writing, as He told me, 
 to Colman, but we have never been in His Box but once. 
 Next Summer we may visit it together. Adieu My Dear 
 Sir. May the Cheltenham waters make the best of Kings 
 acquainted with the best of subjects and produce every other 
 good effect to be desired by Him or you. M rs Coutts and 
 Fanny join me and say AMEN. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THOMAS HARRIS 1 .] 
 
 NANCY IN LORRAINE, 
 
 Sept" 22 nd , 1788. 
 
 I bought last Summer of M r Lacy the right of His Private 
 Box in Drury Lane Theatre but I have not been in England 
 since July and shall not be there I think till the end of 
 October. You was so obliging to give me last winter the 
 use of your Box sometimes, which was of great service to my 
 
 1 Proprietor and manager of Covent Garden Theatre. 
 
THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 205 
 
 Daughter, a favour I cannot forget. Perhaps your Friends 
 might wish to use my Box, which at any Time shall be most 
 readily at your service, and I have sent an order for it 
 inclosed which I hope may serve till I return home, tho' 
 I am ignorant of the proper form of writing or addressing it. 
 I hope Covent Garden takes the lead as it did last year, and 
 that you will have as good a season, for I am very partial to 
 it. In case I am informal in my order, I am persuaded 
 M r Sheridan will, on its being mentioned to him, remove 
 every objection of that sort. 
 
 [THE SAME TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 PARIS, Oct. 27 th , 1788. 
 
 It struck me suddenly as a compliment to Harris to send 
 Him directly, rather than through you, the admission to the 
 Box in Drury Lane, pretty sure he would give you at least the 
 offer of it. I would have you still when He is in Town offer it 
 to him. For himself I dare say He does not want it. For His 
 Friends He may, and His last Winters kindness entitles him 
 to our attention. Besides we may want His Aid again, and 
 we can now give Him Box for Box. Sheridan told me poor 
 Lacy used to send odd Company. I would wish not to have 
 that Reproach. I can hardly tell you why I stay here, any 
 more than when I shall get away, but I really wish myself at 
 Home. . . . As to the Stage there is no new piece worth 
 a Farthing and not a tolerable Tragedian here. I was told 
 Kemble acts Macbeth better than Garrick. So I suppose He 
 does not do it as well. . . . We go constantly to the Opera 
 and Italien. The former is certainly Superbe. Here for Two 
 or Three days our worthy King Geo: 3 was Dead, and I sup- 
 pose it will be reported all over Europe. They began to 
 find out that there had never been so amiable a monarch. . . . 
 Do write again or entreat Brown to do so for a Letter from 
 England is a Treat. I never see a Newspaper. 
 
206 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 [PARIS, November} 1788. 
 
 I am told there is a Foolish man here who will send an 
 account to the English Papers of a Ball I gave the other 
 day, which has been talkt of Here. To prevent misrepre- 
 sentation (at this Time] I wish you would be beforehand 
 with Him ; and put it in : The World is the Paper He is (as 
 I am told) to send it to, and therefore it may do best for you 
 to send it there but I leave it to you to choose as to the 
 Paper, and depend on you to put it in proper words, as I have 
 written in a great hurry. Be so good to say nothing of my 
 writing you on this. 
 
 [ENCLOSED.] 
 
 Paris 24 November 1788 The English here are very 
 numerous, but much dejected by the News from England. 
 Last week on the account arriving of His Majesty being so 
 much better, there was a Temporary gleam of hope ; and 
 M r Coutts gave a Ball on the occasion to all the Ladys of 
 Fashion and the Duke of Dorset at the Hotel de 1'Universite'. 
 Prince Henry of Prussia Honoured Them with His Company ; 
 and at midnight M r Fox joined them from Italy, but set out 
 for England before the Ball was over. The news received 
 since of the King's continued ill Health has plunged us all 
 again in Mellancholy, and every one talks of going Home. 
 M r Fox met Miss Pultney on The Alps, but did not bring 
 her back, tho' she then supposed He was Lord Holland. 
 
 N.B. The last is a Pleasantry but not a Fact, (at least 
 I believe not) for M r Fox knew then His nephew was Alive 
 and was very Happy at it. I really believe no Father ever 
 lov'd His Son more than M r Fox does His nephew. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 MONDAY, March 2 nd [1789]. 
 
 I thank you sincerely for the newspaper coupon you sent 
 me and I send you a copy of a paragraph which a gentleman 
 here wrote to put into the London Newspapers. It has that 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO KNIGHT. 207 
 
 quality which every paragraph cannot claim : it contains the 
 truth. You cannot imagine how happy everybody seem'd at 
 the news of the king's recovery. L d Ashburnham l goes to 
 England tomorrow. We shall follow soon. 
 
 Tho' the English at Paris this winter have not been so 
 numerous as usual yet they have been the support of the 
 gayety of that capital. Balls have been quite the rage. 
 They were begun by M r Coutts at the Hotel de L'Universite 
 and succeeded so well that they have been followed by every 
 person of distinction. The 26 instant on the news of the 
 king's happy return to his People, a very splendid one was 
 given by Lord Grey at the Hotel de Prince de Galles where 
 there was every demonstration of the sincerest joy and satis- 
 faction. Even Frenchmen felt. A new farce was composed 
 for the occasion and called the Recovery, which met with 
 great applause. The company staid 'till morning and after 
 partaking of an elegant breakfast went in Phaetons and 
 Cabriolets to take the air till dinner time in the Bois de 
 Boulogne. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO KNIGHT.] 
 DEAR KNIGHT, [ J 79o.] 
 
 I have had the satisfaction to receive your Letters from 
 Rome of 19 and 31 May, the first containing some very 
 pretty love verses, (written on a visit to Ovid's tomb), which 
 you wish sho d be publish'd in one of the Newspapers. Now, 
 my dear Sir, you must know that Mr. C. 2 is very sore on 
 this Head, and has applied to me more than once to prevent 
 any publications concerning his Daughters, and therefore, to 
 avoid giving offence, I think the verses shou'd be transcribed 
 and sent to the Ladies on their return. 
 
 I met your friend Mackarell yesterday. He told me that 
 one quarter of your Indian legacy of 1000 would be payable 
 next month, and wish'd you would empower someone to 
 receive it. 
 
 1 John, second Earl Ashburnham. 2 Thomas Coutts. 
 
2C8 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 A great Number of People are hurrying over to Paris to 
 be present at the Celebration of the Anniversary of the Revo- 
 lution. I hope my D r Sir you don't intend to assist it. 
 I augur mischief there, and have no idea that 500,000 People 
 drunk with Liberty can assemble together without heating 
 and fermenting and producing some bloody Catastrophe. 
 
 Mons r Vitfort is too careful of ' Nature's fair lineaments ' 
 to trust his delicate Frame to so tumultuous a Scene. He 
 remains in this Land of Liberty, Peace and Security. And yet 
 from the Formidable Preparations now making against the 
 Spaniards there is every appearance of an approaching war. 
 However I still hope, as an old Peacemaker, that the Dons 
 will not be mad enough to come to blows unassisted by any 
 maritime Power, but that they will be wise in their anger, and 
 make up matters with as good a Grace as proud people 
 generally do when they repair an Injury or confess an error. 
 
 M rs King desires her kind compliments. I am just come 
 from seeing her and your Godson, who is indeed a charming 
 boy. Pray present mine to the Abbe Macaulay, and believe 
 
 me, D r Kn*, 
 
 Yours most heartily 
 
 C. W. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO CAPTAIN JOHN SUTTON.] 
 
 CRAVEN STREET, 
 
 1 6 th May, 1790. 
 
 I would willingly give a crown, that I had written to Jack 
 Sutton some weeks ago, and why I did not write at that 
 time, was entirely owing to my modesty, or rather to my 
 diffidence. You asked me the origin of the word Toast and 
 I put off answering your letter, till I should see an antiquarian 
 or two of my acquaintance : What has been the result ? 
 I have not seen the antiquarians ; and I have mislaid your 
 letter. 
 
 With regard to the Application of the word Toast to 
 a pretty woman, I have understood that it took its rise 
 at Bath. Two gentlemen in the Pump room, observing a 
 
THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 209 
 
 beautiful lady in the bath, one of them said, he could drink 
 the water she was bathing in : t'other replied, if you drink up 
 the water, I will eat the Toast : (alluding to toast and water). 
 This pleasantry was repeatedly told, and the lady's health often 
 drank, under the title of the toast: and afterwards other 
 celebrated beauties (whose healths were often drank,) were 
 denominated toasts. The story is an old story, I believe 
 about a century or so. But I dare say you know very well, 
 that it was customary among the Romans, to drink bumpers 
 to their mistresses' health ; and they drank so many glasses 
 as there were letters in the lady's name. Lesbia sex cyathis 
 septem Justina libatur. This information I think we get 
 from an Epigram of Martial. 
 
 Brown is gone to Christ Church, on a fishing party they 
 say : but what he is fishing for, I know not ; I don't believe 
 it is for a wife : apropos though Brown is not married. I find 
 that Bob Preston 1 has married a Miss Brown. Sir Charles 
 seems on this happy occasion, to feel a double portion of 
 joy ; which some wags of our acquaintance interpret thus ; 
 He rejoices that Brother Bob is married ; and he is very glad 
 he is not married himself. 
 
 After talking so lightly of the honourable estate of matri- 
 mony, may I presume to offer my best respects to your 
 better half, whom I should be glad to see in London, for 
 I have lost the habit of travelling northward. Adieu Dear 
 Jack. Do me the justice to believe that nobody wishes you 
 
 better than .., 
 
 Yours &c. 
 
 C. WHITEFOORD. 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 AIX-LA-CHAPELLE, Sept. 29 th , 1790. 
 
 M r John Udny at Venice has sent home some of his 
 pictures and is to send some more. M r Antrobus 2 will tell 
 you the Particulars. He is to sell them all, and has dis- 
 
 1 Robert Preston, M.P. for Dover, married Miss Brown of Stockton on April 
 27, 1790. 
 
 8 Mr. [afterwards Sir] Edmund Antrobus, F.R.S., F.S.A., d. 1826. 
 
 P 
 
210 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 tressed me by consigning them to me, and desiring my 
 Assistance, notwithstanding that I wrote to him that I was 
 equally ignorant of Pictures as of the Maneuvres for selling 
 them to advantage. I took the Liberty of saying that you 
 (who are a Connoisseur) being a Friend of His Brother's as 
 well as of mine, perhaps might give your Aid, and that as 
 a Friend but not as a negociator I would also do him any 
 service in my Power. His taste for pictures I fear has by no 
 means advanced His Fortune, so that He is obliged to sell, 
 and I must in the meanwhile pay ;6oo or ^700 for him 
 which I felt unable to refuse but hope the sale will indemnify 
 me. M r Antrobus has had some practice in Pictures and 
 perhaps can give some directions. As Mr. R. Udny is abroad 
 could they be placed in His House till they can be arranged 
 for exhibition or sale ? I beg My Dear Sir you will consider 
 this matter and try what you can do to serve poor Udny : 
 it .may really be doing a very benevolent Act and I know 
 I cannot use a stronger Argument to induce your exertion. 
 
 Fanny has within these two days stood up and even walk'd 
 through the room with some help. Had you seen us all 
 the beginning of July you would not have expected the sad 
 reverse in our situation since that period. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO JAMES HUTCHINSON AND 
 JOHN VAUGHAN.] 
 
 GENTLEMEN, LONDON, 25* Feb* t 1791- 
 
 M r William Temple Franklin, (who arrived here- from 
 America some weeks ago), delivered to me your obliging 
 Letter of 4 th Novem r Ulto, acquainting me, that the American 
 Philosophical Society 1 , held at Philadelphia, had on the i5 th 
 
 1 The following Declaration was necessary to be made by every Candidate for 
 admission into Dr. Franklin's Club at Philadelphia : ' You declare yourself in per- 
 fect Charity with every member of the Club. I do. 2 d You profess an equal 
 Love for all good men, whatever may be their Profession of Faith. I do. 3 d 
 You consider every infringement of Liberty of thought, or of worship, as an Act 
 of Tyranny. I do. 4 th You love Truth above all things ; you will delight to 
 understand it, and you will be anxious to propagate it. I affirm all this. 5 th 
 For this purpose you will allways express yourself in guarded and moderate 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO HUTCHINSON AND VAUGHAN. 21 I 
 
 Jan ry 1790, elected me a Member thereof. I beg leave to 
 assure you, that nothing could be more agreeable to me, 
 than my being admitted into that illustrious Society. Your 
 venerated President, the late D r Benjamin Franklin, had for 
 many years honoured me with his Friendship ; and perhaps 
 that Intimacy, which was the Pride and the Happiness of my 
 Life, may have in some Degree recommended me to your 
 notice. I have to request Gentlemen, that you wiirpresent 
 my most sincere and hearty acknowledgements to the Ameri- 
 can Philosophical Society, for the very great Honour they 
 have been pleased to confer upon me ; an Honour which I beg 
 leave to assure you, I feel as I ought. 
 
 The great objects of the American Society being the 
 public good, and the promoting of useful Knowledge, every 
 Lover of Science must naturally feel an Interest in their 
 success. As to myself, I have little prospect of adding to 
 their Stock of Philosophical Discoveries or Improvements. 
 But I have long been a sincere Well-wisher to America, and 
 no one lamented more the unhappy Quarrel between the 
 Colonies and the Parent State : And having lent a helping 
 hand to stop the Horrors of War, and to negociate a Peace 
 between the two Countries, I have the satisfaction to think, 
 that I have not lived in vain. I have only further to request, 
 Gentlemen, that you will accept of my thanks, for the very 
 polite manner, in which you have been pleased to announce 
 my Election, and that you will believe me to be with the 
 greatest esteem and Regard, 
 
 Your most obedient humble servant 
 
 CALEB WHITEFOORD. 
 
 P:S: It is a curious concurrence of circumstances, that 
 on the day and hour when your Letter arrived, acquainting 
 me of my Election into the American Philosophical Society, 
 I received a letter of Thanks from the Royal Society here, 
 for a Portrait which I had presented to them, of my honoured 
 friend, your late worthy President. It is an excellent Re- 
 Language, where there is room to doubt ; and you will consent to pay sixpence, 
 whenever you have used a general and positive Assertion, which you are obliged 
 afterwards to qualify or retract. I will.' [ Whitefoor 
 
 P 2 
 
212 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 semblance of that truly Great man and useful Philosopher ; 
 and was painted by M r Wright, an American Artist, whom 
 I employed at Paris in the year 1782. It is now added to 
 the Heads of illustrious Persons, in the Royal Society's Great 
 Room ; and Doctor Franklin is grouped with his immortal 
 Brethren in Philosophy, Newton, Boyle, and Locke. 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 CHRISTMAS DAY IN THE EVENING, 1792. 
 
 We have drank your Health today being the second day 
 of Fanny coming down to the Drawing Room, tho' she can 
 hardly walk across it. The other two have recovered. M rs 
 Coutts and me are not well. We are but so so, which is 
 almost as much as three score can expect especially in bad 
 weather. Pray tell us how JOT do at Bath. I Hope you are 
 not too loyal for I am always affraid of extremes. ... I am 
 thinking in spite of the winter and rough weather to go to 
 be boil'd for the Rheumatism at Buxton. 
 
 [P. TOUCH TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 No. 8, POPPIN'S COURT, FLEET STREET, 
 SIR, 26/>, 1793- 
 
 I have the Honor to send you my First Loyal Lecture, 
 in favor of the King, Church, and Constitution. Having no 
 kind of Income to support the Expenses of my Studies, 
 Printers, Bills, Chapel, Rent, &c. I hope you will with your 
 usual goodness, forgive my Application for Aid to a few 
 select Friends of Government and Humanity, one of whom 
 I have every reason to believe you to be. You see by my 
 Title Page where and at what hour I preach. I live where 
 I date this letter, and have the Honor to be, with all respect 
 and gratitude, Sir, 
 
 Your much obliged and very 
 
 faithful humble Servant 
 
 P. TOUCH. 
 
ANDREW ERSKLXE TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 21 3 
 
 [ANDREW ERSKINE TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 DEAR SIR, EDINBURGH, May 2**, 1793. 
 
 It is so long since any intercourse has taken place 
 between us, that I doubt I am almost forgotten. The 
 intention of the present letter is to introduce to you M r 
 George Thomson, first clerk to your friend M r Arbuthnot. 
 in the Trustee's Office here. You will find M r Thomson 
 a modest and sensible man, with manners that I am sure will 
 recommend him to you. He possesses great musical taste, 
 and is going to put in execution a plan of giving the public 
 the Scotch melodies in a superior style to what has yet been 
 done. He has employed Pleyell for symphonies and accom- 
 paniments, which he has executed with inimitable beauty 
 and simplicity. Had he been a native of Scotland he could 
 not possibly have entered more into the real character of the 
 music. There will likewise be a charming set of Sonatas for 
 the Piano Forte. You who possess such exquisite taste I am 
 sure will be delighted with the attractions of this work. 
 Thomson is informed that the East Indies is a great and 
 lucrative mart for music. I immediately thought of you, 
 as I know you are intimately connected with all the principal 
 India captains. I own I am keenly interested in the success 
 of this work. It is of the last importance to Thomson. He 
 is married and has a large family. I do not know a more 
 deserving man and I will take it most kindly of you to exert 
 yourself on this occasion. 
 
 I had a severe illness lately, and being long confined to the 
 house I fell to examining some old repositories which had not 
 been put in order for years. Among other things I found 
 a priced catalogue of my unfortunate sale of Virtu. To the 
 inside of the cover your clerk had pasted a slip of paper 
 saying that the carriage of the Boxes had not been paid. 
 The paste had stuck to the next leaf, so when I first got it, 
 I did not perceive it. The paste however had loosen'd in 
 lying by, and I find I am 2 js. cd. in your debt. This my 
 friend Willy Grant will pay to you. If you find yourself any 
 
214 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 morning in a scribbling humour, I will be happy to have your 
 opinion of Thomson and of his work. I have turn'd Poet on the 
 occasion and have wrote seven Love Songs for him ; at fifty- 
 two I'm afraid we write on these subjects more from recollection 
 than our present feelings.- So make proper allowance. I 
 enclose you an attempt on Mrs. Billington who delighted me. 
 If you have been writing lately a communication would make 
 me very happy. Believe me dear Sir with great regard and 
 
 esteem __ 
 
 Your faithful friend 
 
 AND W ERSKINE. 
 
 Your cousin Sir John Whitefoord is in good health and good 
 spirits. 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 [GLYNLLIVON, NR. CAERNARVON], 
 
 Sept. 25s 1793- 
 
 I wish to hear of y r Health. Hope you have gone to 
 Cheltenham as it has always done you good. M rs Coutts 
 and myself have been but poorly since we left London, but 
 flatter ourselves we may get better, for we are very happy 
 and all our Family well and with us at This Charming Place, 
 quite at ease in the most Hospitable House you can conceive. 
 On the King's Coronation Day we had such a Jubilee as 
 I cannot give you any adequate Description of, but I have 
 written on the other side a few Lines which if you can make 
 fit to be printed I wish you would put in the Newspapers. 
 Lord Newborough's l Family have always been much attach'd 
 to the House of Hanover and as He has lately return'd from 
 a long residence abroad this instance of His Loyalty may 
 recommend Him. What think you of our Public affairs? 
 Do you think there will rise a Party of sufficient Strength to 
 support the beginning at Toulon for Louis 17 th ? or if not, 
 will Lord Hood on quitting that place be able to bring with 
 Him the French fleet ? . . . Nothing in Switzerland can exceed 
 
 1 Sir Thomas Newborough, M.P. for the county of Carnarvon, created Baron 
 Newborough in the peerage of Ireland in 1776. 
 
THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 2 15 
 
 the beauty of this country, and Conway and Caernarvon Castle 
 are as well worth seeing as most of the Roman Ruins. 
 
 [Enclosed.] 
 
 The anniversary" of His Majesty's Coronation has produced 
 all over the Country fresh proofs of His being really en- 
 throned in the Hearts of His Subjects. The rejoicings have 
 been universal even to the remotest parts of the Kingdom. 
 At Lord Newborough's near Caernarvon, the whole Day was 
 a Jubilee, in which all His Lordship's neighbourhood were 
 invited to partake : the Flag was hoisted and the Artillery 
 fired in the morning, from a Fort adjoining His House. All 
 sorts of English Country Games and Sports were celebrated 
 in the Bowling Green and the adjoining apartments, where 
 an Elegant Dinner was afterwards served and Toasts suitable 
 to the occasion were liberally drank and warmly applauded. 
 In the Evening the Populace were regaled with Barrels of 
 good Welsh ale, round a Bonfire that made All Snowdon 
 shine : and the night concluded with a Ball and masquerade 
 at the Mansion House of Glynllivon, which lasted till morning. 
 These festivities received much animation from the addition 
 of some Strangers of Fashion from London, who expressed 
 infinite satisfaction at the elegance and propriety of the 
 Entertainment, as well as the hospitality and politeness of 
 Lord Newborough, so strongly mark'd on the occasion. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 GLYNLLIVON, Sunday, Oct. I3 tb , 1793. 
 
 I thank you my Dear Sir for your kind Letter and for 
 the Newspapers, which pleased, and I have some Idea may be 
 useful to our Host in a Certain Quarter, which indeed is what 
 made me think of it. He is very polite and Hospitable and 
 we have pass'd Five pleasant weeks in a most beautiful 
 country. We are just returned from a Tour in Anglesea 
 OR MoNA : Lord Uxbridge's Seat and Lord Bulkeleys are 
 well worth notice and the PARIS MOUNTAIN (copper mine) 
 is productive of much more good than things we read of 
 
2l6 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 in another Country by similar names. I hope the reign of 
 Absurdity and anarchy is near an End and will be succeeded 
 by Peace and good Government : and prosperity to Great 
 Britain . . . My Giddyness is very troublesome. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 BUXTON, Oct. 3o th , 1793. 
 
 I have been very unwell, and Twenty miles from hence, we 
 were overtaken by a very cruel express giving M r Burdett the 
 shocking news of His Brother Charles Sedley Burdett 1 a 
 most amiable young man, together with Lord Montague 
 having perished the 7 th in the Rhine near Lucern. We have 
 arrived here and the whole Family are by this Calamity 
 involv'd in such circumstances of complicated distress as are 
 unequalled even in Romance. God only knows the con- 
 sequences or what will become of us. We meant to have 
 gone immediately to Foremark, but are now unable to take 
 any determination. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 BUXTON, St. Andrew's Day, 1793. 
 
 Unfortunately these Nervous faintings which have returned 
 to poor Fanny make it difficult almost impossible to go into 
 company, but she is better within these few days and I am in 
 hopes we shall be able ere long to go to Formark, but I can 
 say nothing certain of our motions. I have had thoughts of 
 Bath, but I am not sure whether London when we can get 
 there may not be as well as any place. I have been looking 
 for a House in the country but I believe for the present it 
 will be better to avoid absolute retirement. I wish some 
 good House in Piccadilly westward of Devonshire House 
 
 1 Charles Sedley Burdett was grandson of Sir Robert Burdett and brother of 
 Mr. (afterwards Sir) Francis Burdett, who married Sophia, youngest daughter of 
 Thomas Coutts, on Aug. 5, 1793. He and Lord Montague were drowned in 
 attempting to pass one of the falls of Schaffhausen. The latter was on his way 
 home to marry another daughter of Thomas Coutts. 
 
JAMES MACPHERSON TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 21 7 
 
 could be found, ready furnished by the Month or by the 
 Year. M r Burdett would take one large enough for us all, 
 and in our unsettled state something we are not tied to would 
 suit best. Lord Beauchamp's I recollect to have heard was 
 to be let when He went abroad. It is too great, but it is 
 better than too small. Perhaps in your Walks and among 
 your Acquaintances you may hear of something that will 
 answer. Many thanks for y r news, but I am sorry not to 
 hear more. I somehow distrust Lord Howe's success. He 
 should not be my Admiral. It is common among Authors 
 to raise our Expectation without giving us anything solid at 
 last. I hope this practice will not get into the Fleet. 
 
 [JAMES MACPHERSON TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, March 2 th ' '794- 
 
 I had some hopes, had I found you at home yesterday, 
 that we could have fixed, where and when to dine together 
 this day : But having been at and near the India house, all 
 this morning, I only arrived at half past two o'clock at home, 
 when, I understood, you had called. It is somewhat hard 
 that a man, who has laboured the whole of the best part of 
 the day, should not have some leisure and rest in the Evening 
 of it ; yet such is the case, with me, for my labour, like 
 Virgil's fame, Vires acquirit etindo ; being every year, espe- 
 cially the present one, more hurried, than the last : But as 
 
 Diogenes said, when he was reading one of C b . . rl . . . d's 
 
 Plays to a yawning Audience, and had come to the 5 th Act 
 ' Courage ! My friends, I see land.' I am now so far in the 
 5 th Act, that, I believe, tomorrow or next day, I may step on 
 shore. 
 
 Now to the point : if you will keep your self disengaged, 
 for this day sevennight and dine here, at an early hour, 
 suppose just at four, the carriage shall convey us to any or 
 all societies you please. You shall have a bit of fish and 
 some of your own Claret ; and, I trust, you will, by that time, 
 have put your mark upon as much of the liquid ruby, as will 
 
2l8 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 give a flush, not a blush, to our countenances, during the 
 Summer Campaign, which is about to be opened, by the Son 
 of Semele. 
 
 I am, with great Esteem, 
 
 My dear friend, 
 
 Yours most faithfully 
 JAMES MACPHERSON. 
 
 The Change of the wind, which, I hope, will carry off the 
 India fleet, will render me exceedingly busy, for two or three 
 days to come. , _,, 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO THOMAS COUTTS.] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, ii AW, '94- 
 
 I have the pleasure to assure you from the first hand 
 that the worthy gent n is still in the land of the living, and 
 still happy when he can be useful to his friends. With regard 
 to M r B. no person whatever knows him, his family and 
 circumstances, so well as Tom Potter. Therefore to him 
 I applied, and I had a very good opportunity for having 
 shewn M r B. some civility at the Playhouse a few nights 
 since by procuring him a place ; he gave me a kind invitation 
 to his house, and I afterwards found an occasion of putting 
 questions to M r P. 
 
 He said that M r B. Junior is a very good sort of young 
 man, that he has parts, is inclined to study, and is capable of 
 great application. He is ambitious of getting into Parliament 
 and thinks he shall make a figure there : in short the family 
 are proud of him, and he is a credit to them. He is said 
 to be very argumentative in company which is natural enough 
 in a young man who is addicted to study, and who forms his 
 own opinions. He was lately in the Militia, and is a great 
 disciplinarian, but left it, because they wou'd not come into 
 some of his ideas relative to discipline. 
 
 The father's estate produces nett j2oo p r Ann m of which 
 he saves about 1500 or 2000 a year. Old B. has four 
 
CALEB WHITEFOORD TO THOMAS COUTTS. 219 
 
 children ; he gives 10,000 each to the 3 younger children, 
 and M r B. Junior will get all the rest. So that your friend is 
 now enabled to judge both of his character and his prospects. 
 
 As to our political prospects, they have for some time past 
 borne the worst aspects, but when things are at the worst you 
 know they must mend, and they are now beginning to mend. 
 I now look upon Holland to be secure, since the junction of 
 the Austrians, and that the D. of Brunswick will have the 
 honour of saving that republic a second time : although our 
 damm'd allies the Dutch (pray observe this is not swearing) 
 are rather sluggish in their own defense and seem rather 
 inclined to let the French overrun the country than that the 
 water should. 
 
 If the Carmagnols were wise, instead of being mad, they 
 wou'd offer peace now, in the heighth of success, for they 
 have made their grand effort and their third requisition. 
 They have carried their points by force of Numbers. They 
 have overrun the Austrian Netherlands, the German electo- 
 rates and part of Dutch Flanders. But they are got far from 
 home, and into a climate not half so good as their own. The 
 winter approaches ; they will die like rotten sheep, and during 
 the spring, the Germans being on their own ground will recruit 
 their armies, recover their spirits, and then drive the French 
 (as they have done before) back to their own frontiers. 
 
 To those who are dazzled with the splendour of victory the 
 affairs of France appear to be in a most prosperous situation. 
 But what is the internal state of the country? miserable in 
 the extreme. They have lost their colonies, their trade, they 
 have lost their manufactures, and the habits of industry. 
 Their seaports where all were rich and active are now poor 
 and idle. The people are unable to pay taxes. The govern- 
 ment subsists on the plunder of the nobility, clergy and 
 emigrants ; and latterly by pillaging their defenceless neigh- 
 bours ; but this is a precarious subsistence, and cannot last 
 long, considering the enormous expence of supporting such 
 numerous armies and some of their financiers in the con- 
 vention have even express'd doubts of their being able to find 
 resources for another campaign. 'Tis true they often make 
 
220 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 prizes of our merchant ships, who (for reasons best known to 
 themselves) choose to sail without convoy, but these ships rot 
 in their harbours for want of Purchasers ; unless indeed they 
 bring provisions ; as the country does not produce enough for 
 the subsistence of its wretched inhabitants. Counter revolu- 
 tionary plots are constantly breaking out in some part of the 
 Republic ; Division and distrust prevail in the Convention 
 and three numerous armies of Royalists are on foot in the 
 provinces of Normandy, Britany and Poitou. Upon the whole, 
 were I a minister of this country, I think I should try the fate 
 of another campaign. Here is a long dissertation on politics, 
 but it is by particular desire, and you would have it. My 
 best wishes attend M rs Coutts, your fair daughters and M r 
 Burdett. Yours ever 
 
 C. W. 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 Friday, Nov. 14, 1794. 
 Many thanks to you My Dear Sir for your intelligence as 
 
 to M r B d, which is as full as I could have desired, and 
 
 gives me the opportunity of showing the attention I wish'd 
 to my friend who wanted information. Your reasoning on 
 Politics is good, and pleases me by it's clearness, but I doubt 
 the established truth of some of your supposed Facts. The 
 Junction of the Austrian Troops it would seem has been 
 found impracticable, nor do I find the Duke of Brunswick as 
 yet on the Scene of Action, or if he were, do I expect He 
 wou'd do much more than His predecessors. Maestrich taken, 
 and Nimeguen probably also by this time in the Hands of the 
 French, leaves Holland by no means secure even for this 
 Winter. 
 
 I cannot rejoice at the hard fate of the Poles, nor at any 
 success of these Barbarians the Russians, than whom the 
 Prussians are but little better. Nor do I think England will 
 reap any benefit from their fall : Neither can I think the 
 French have shown any want of Wisdom in the Conduct 
 of the War. As to 'their internal State we know but little, 
 but there is reason to fear they are at least as able to bear 
 
THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 221 
 
 out the Expence of another campaign as England. Victory 
 makes Nations proud and haughty, and tho' I agree with you, 
 that now in the Zenith of success, they might act nobly and 
 prudently in offering Peace to the world, yet so much modera- 
 tion is hardly to be expected, especially when some of the 
 Convention may think external Peace might be followed soon 
 by internal Commotion. As to the three Numerous Armies 
 of Royalists on Foot in the Western Provinces, unless it 
 consists with your knowledge I confess I doubt much of their 
 existence. And I really fear if we do not make Peace now it 
 will in a very little Time force itself, by means of worse 
 ferments than we experienc'd in 1782, and I am sure any 
 man who remembers them, and had access to see them, will 
 not wish to have them renew'd. Plots, divisions, and distrust 
 must always be in a Government so convulsed and totally 
 unsettled as that of France, and it is not likely that any of us 
 will live to see it modell'd into any shape of regularity. And 
 indeed before it comes to be so we shall I hope have recovered 
 from the mischiefs of this unhappy war, and have learnt sense 
 enough by experience to keep out of such scrapes, and to 
 attend to the increase of our Navy, and diminution of our 
 debt, two objects that can only be done effectually in time 
 of peace. Instead of writing Politics as I have done I sat 
 down to tell you the Prestons after threatening us with 
 a visit during the good weather and Gaiety of this place, 
 now talk of coming when we have the Isle of Thanet all to 
 ourselves. . . . 
 
 P.S. I was too late on Friday for the Post of that Day 
 and yesterday none went from hence. The news this morning 
 proves my fears for Nimeguen to have been too well 
 founded. What is to be taken next ? Utrecht, I suppose, and 
 Amsterdam. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 CHELTENHAM, Sunday. 
 
 I thank you for your kind letter but I am sorry you suffer 
 your spirits to fall and that you did not come down to us. 
 
222 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 We have already had a charming fortnight, and this beautiful 
 season never appear'd to me with more advantage than this 
 year. Lord Mountstuart staid with us two days, and we 
 have been at Malvern Hill, which I left with regret and hope 
 we shall visit again some other fine May. The nightingales 
 make us forget the loss of M rs Billington. I am told and 
 I believe they never sung so well before ; at least I do not 
 remember to have been so much delighted with them. Part 
 of my pleasure arises perhaps from sympathy with Fanny 
 and seeing her so well. She walk'd to the top of Malvern 
 Hill, without fatigue. She wants to know whether you 
 have seen Marian and if you think it is an equal com- 
 panion to Rosina. Our Theatre open'd last night with The 
 Rivals and Who's the Dupe. Ryder, M rB Jordan &c. are 
 expected. 
 
 M r Home went off for London today, but we determined 
 on staying behind for one week more, which is no small self- 
 denial on the part of M rs Coutts, considering that M r Sheridan 
 is to exhibit on Wednesday. I do liot wonder at Brown's 
 ill reception at his first visit to the Dowager, but I hope she 
 will see she must come down handsomely, and will then do it 
 with a good grace. I shall be happy to hear it or any other 
 good news you can send us. 
 
 I have got a Pipe of Madeira in the . . . General Elliot. 
 I wish he or M r Badham could tell M r Antrobus the best 
 way of getting safe to the Strand. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO THOMAS COUTTS.] 
 
 [LONDON, 1795.] 
 
 Be it known unto you, my dear Friends, Mr. and Mrs. 
 Coutts, that I am now on the wing for Chelt'nam I wish 
 that Mrs. Aileway wou'd take me under her wing ! Ah si 
 Madame Aileway voudrait me prendre sous son aile, je serais 
 content comme un Prince ! May I request the Favour of you 
 my dear Tom, to speak to her, and if she is not quite full of 
 Quality, perhaps she may take me in. ... 
 
JOHN CROFT TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 223 
 
 I shall set out tomorrow morning in the Oxford coach and 
 expect to reach Chelt'nam on Wednesday afternoon. 
 
 I ever am 
 
 Yours most heartily 
 
 C. W. 
 
 [JOHN CROFT 1 TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 DEAR SIR, YoRK > August, 1795. 
 
 Herewith are the Anecdotes of Sterne, as I promised 
 you, at your agreable Apartment Adelphi and are all I cou'd 
 collect, or recollect at present. 'Tis a Pity it had not been 
 hinted before as M" Bridges, and others who were very 
 intimately acquainted with him and the Family are lately 
 deceased. Yet upon the whole very few Mater ialls or Inci- 
 dents cou'd possibly occur, worth notice, or to form his Life, 
 as he lived so many years in obscurity, and what is termed 
 still Life, further than as it may please or come home to you, 
 or others who enjoyed his company, or are partiall to his 
 Writings, and so glad to hear any minutie about him. I was 
 as it were brought up under him, as he was Vicar of Stilling- 
 ton, where I was born, the distance only of two miles from 
 Sutton, and he was a constant Guest at my brother's Table, 
 but my long absence abroad in Portugal, and his being so 
 much taken up in the gay World made a large gap in our 
 Intimacy, tho' am sorry to venture to pronounce, and dissent 
 from the old Quodlibet de mortuis nil nisi bonum, that he 
 was far from being a good man, as your Adelphi is from the 
 Elephant that stood at Buckingham Gate. I was amused 
 when I arrived at home (but happily not shocked) when 
 I took up from my Table Cooks Edition 6 d Poets, to see 
 an Epitaph intended for you by the late D r Goldsmith. No 
 doubt you have seen it. I was formerly well acquainted 
 with Goldsmith and we used to sup at the Chapter Coffee 
 House together. It was a Pity that he did not write more 
 in verse than in prose. He had a diffidence unnatural to his 
 country about him. 
 
 1 The antiquary, author of Excerpta Antiqua, &c. 
 
224 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Sterne's Daughter was a Girl of an odd turn, as no wonder 
 from her Parents that she shou'd inherit Genius and as they 
 were both so very particular, that she shou'd be so, allso from 
 the manner that she was educated and brought up. At the 
 Boarding School when the Misses used to plague and taunt 
 her with the names of Miss Tristram and Miss Shandy after 
 her Fathers Book came out, she bethought herself of this 
 contrivance. She wrote Love Letters, as if from each or 
 every one of the Players of the York Company to the 
 respective young Ladies, and when most of the Letters 
 were interrupted, by their Parents or Guardians, severall of 
 them were flogg" 1 , others shutt up in dark closetts, and severely 
 treated as you may suppose, and it brought such a Slurr 
 upon the Play House that the Theatre was a good deal 
 deserted by reason of the supposed perfidy or guilt of the 
 Players that it became incumbent on them to make out the 
 Authors of their Injury, when at last it was luckily brought 
 to light tho' with some difficulty. . . . 
 
 I hope that this will find you perfectly well, not forgetting 
 your Mouser ! I was sorry that was obliged to leave, For 
 otherwise shou'd have been glad to have attended the Sale 
 of Pictures, as wou'd certainly have bidden for the Picture 
 that you pointed out to me if cou'd have had it on reasonable 
 terms, as I admire Pictures very much and am very fond of 
 them, tho' have not money to lay out that way, and the 
 Polemburg is my only one, indebted to you for touching it 
 up. It looks now quite another thing since it is got into 
 a new frame, quite smart. I hope this will find you perfectly 
 well, and wish there was any inducement to turn your Face 
 to the North, where it wou'd now be flattered with a gentle 
 Zephyr in lieu of a blast from plump cheeked Boreas. You 
 wou'd see our City improved very much an apology, allowed 
 as we have not Trade or Manufactures, the Minster beautified 
 without, a new Ceiling to the Roof within, and a new River 
 or Canal to the Town, and not any one wou'd be gladder 
 than I shou'd be to see you here. As we have lost so many 
 of our acquaint 06 (perhaps you may add friends among them) 
 let us reinforce our regards and cherish our living ones, as 
 
ANECDOTES OF STERNE. 22,5 
 
 every day carries of one or other while our Hour glasses still 
 run and it may be called day. If permitted to use a dead 
 language I will finish my Letter with those beautifull lines of 
 
 Tibullus, 
 
 Te spectem suprema mihi quum venerit hora 
 Te teneam moriens deficiente manu ! 
 
 D r Sir 
 
 Yours very sincerely &c. 
 JOHN CROFT. 
 
 P.S. I wish when you meet with any Bons Mots or Epi- 
 grams you would be so good to communicate, since we 
 entered upon a Commutation Treaty. 
 
 ANECDOTES OF STERNE VULGARLY TRISTRAM SHANDY. 
 Lawrence Sterne was born in Ireland, his Father was 
 a Cap* in the Army as by his own account it appears that 
 after his decease they came over and settled at York, at the 
 instance of D r Sterne, his Uncle, Precentor of the Cathedral, 
 a rich and opulent man, presume the elder Brother the 
 Family originally Yorkshire, and descended from Sterne, 
 Archbishop of York. As said before they were under the 
 Protection of the Precentor, who defrayed the expences of 
 young Laury's education at the University, and afterwards 
 provided him his Preferment in the Church, which depended 
 upon the Cathedral. He was said to display marks of early 
 genius at School, tho' he was careless and inattentive to his 
 book, on which his Master pronounced that he wou'd turn 
 out a great man. The same humour prevailed at College. 
 In his younger years he was a good deal employed by his 
 Uncle, in writing political! Papers and Pamphlets in favour of 
 Sir Robert Wallpole's Administration, when they afterwards 
 fell out about a favourite Mistress of the Precentors, who 
 proved with child by Laury and the cause of their breach is 
 now living. The Lady is said to resemble Sterne very much, 
 tho' at the time of their rupture, he gave out as a reason in 
 the publick Coffee House, that it arose from that he wou'd 
 not continue to write periodicall papers for his Uncle. How- 
 ever the Quarrell remained abroach and his Uncle was never 
 
 Q 
 
226 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 afterwards reconciled and at the time of his decease he did 
 not leave him a Legacy, at which Sterne was so offended 
 that he did not putt on mourning tho' he had it ready, and 
 on the contrary shewed all possible marks of disrespect to his 
 Uncle's memory. Sterne married a Miss Lumley, a Daughter 
 of the Rev d M r Lumley, Rector of Bedale, which is one of 
 the best livings in Yorkshire, and he lived in stile, from 
 whence she derived a superior education. Tho' she was but 
 a homely woman, still she had many Admirers, as she was 
 reported to have a Fortune, and she possessed a first rate 
 understanding. He had paid his addresses to her during the 
 space of two years, when she as constantly refused him, till 
 at length she asked him the question herself and they went 
 off directly from the Rooms and were married. Afterwards 
 they did not live on the best terms and harmony together, 
 chiefly owing to his infidelity to the Marriage Bed. As said 
 before, she was a woman of superior talents and assisted him 
 in the composition of his sermons and other works. Their 
 Income was a very decent one, about 200 per annum. They 
 kept a Dairy Farm at Stitton, had seven milch cows, but they 
 allways sold their Butter cheaper than their Neighbours, as 
 they had not the least idea of ceconomy, [so] that they were 
 allways behindhand and in arrears with Fortune. As an 
 instance of his infidelity, his wife once caught him with the 
 maid, when she pulled him out of bed on the Floor and soon 
 after went out of her senses, when she fancied herself the 
 Queen of Bohemia. He treated her as such, with all the 
 supposed respect due to a crowned head, and continued to 
 practice this farcicall mockery during her confinem* under 
 a Lunatick Doctor at a private house at York. It was in 
 a great measure, owing to her insane state, which afforded 
 him the more time for Study, and to relieve melancholy, that 
 he first attempted, and sett about the work of Tristram 
 Shandy, and when he produced the Copy, to several! Gent n 
 of York, they considered it merely as a laughable book, and 
 when that he offered it to the Booksellers, they wou'd not 
 have anything to say to it, nor wou'd they offer any price 
 for it. The same happened when he offered it to Dodsley 
 
ANECDOTES OF STERNE. 227 
 
 in London and at the last offered twenty pounds for it, and 
 so it hung on his hands, till after some time a M r Lee a Gent n 
 of York and a Bachelor of a liberall turn of mind lent him 
 One hundred pounds towards the Printing the Work, which 
 took place in the year 1760, when the two first volumes of 
 Tristram Shandy were first printed at York and about 200 
 Copys printed. When he offered them again to Dodsley and 
 sent him a set of 'em to London, he returned for answer, that 
 they were not saleable ; however that he would give him 40 
 for the Copyright, provided that he would stand half the 
 chance of the sale of the remaining Copys that were left, 
 which was refused as Sterne had parted with severall of them 
 among his friends. Some months after, it happened luckily 
 for Sterne that M r Croft of Stillington, who was setting off 
 for London on particular Business met Sterne in the street 
 in the morning and asked if that he wou'd go up to town 
 with him, moreover, in the vulgar Phrase, that he would 
 frank him and defray his expenses back, to which Sterne 
 replied all that was very kind, but that he cou'd not leave 
 his wife in the state that she was in, to which M r C. answered 
 that as he cou'd not possibly do her any good by his attend- 
 ance that he had better go along with him, which was agreed 
 upon, with this Proviso that Sterne was to have an hours 
 law to go home to pack up his best breeches, which being 
 granted they sett off together and arrived in London and 
 lodged at M r Cholmley's, Chapell street. The next morning 
 Sterne was missing at breakfast. He went to Dodsleys 
 where on inquiry for Tristram Shandy's works, his Vanity 
 was highly flattered, when the Shopman told him, that there 
 was not such a Book to be had in London either for Love 
 or money, when an interview took place with Dodsley who 
 gave him a cordiall reception. Soon after M r Croft and 
 Cholmley passing by Pall Mall in a coach, who should they 
 see in Dodsley 's Shop but Sterne who accosting them said 
 that he was mortgaging his brains to Dodsley for 50, the 
 overplus of Six hundred pounds, that he stood out for above 
 the Bargain of Six hundred pounds, that he offered him for 
 the Copy of the two volumes of Tristram Shandy, and for 
 
 Q2 
 
228 THE' WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 two Volumes of Sermons which he was to compose in two 
 months time, under the title of Yorick's Sermons, on a further 
 condition that he was to engage to write a vol. of Tristram 
 Shandy every year, and so to continue the work during his 
 life and that he stood out for the odd Fifty pounds, when the 
 Gent n advized him not to haggle, or bargain any longer about 
 the matter, but to close the agreem* with Dodsley which he 
 did, after which he returned to Chapell street and came 
 skipping into the room, and said that he was the richest 
 man in Europe. It happened at the same time, the Living 
 of Coxwold became vacant by the death of the Incumbent, 
 the Rev d M r Midgley, when M r Croft waited upon Earl 
 Falconberg and solicited the Living for Sterne, who gave it 
 him, the Living two hundred pounds per annum. To so for- 
 tuitous a change and event of Fortune the World is indebted 
 for Sterne's Debut in the great and fashionable Sphere and 
 Circle of Life, after remaining so many years perdu and in 
 obscurity a Vicar of Sutton on the Forest. After he went 
 to London he frequently had cards of Invitation from the 
 Nobility and People of the first Fashion, for a month to 
 come, that it allmost amounted to a Parliamentary Interest to 
 have his company at any rate, all which was more than his 
 feeble Frame cou'd bear, and what with Presents from the 
 Nobility on which he plumed himself highly (and particularly 
 a Silver Ink Standish from Earl Spencer which he boasted 
 of) that his Vanity mounted on his slowest Hobby Horse 
 ran away with him beyond all bounds, and he boasted of 
 Favours that he never received, and lastly he flattered himself 
 that his Person was very much admired by the Ladies, so 
 that he turned his mind intirely to Galantry. Sterne said 
 that his first Plan, was to travell his Hero Tristram Shandy 
 all over Europe and after making his remarks on the different 
 Courts, proceed with making strictures and reflections on the 
 different Governments of Europe and finish the work with an 
 eulogium on the superior constitution of England and at 
 length to return Tristram well informed and a compleat 
 English Gentleman. 
 
 His idea was allso to dedicate his book to M* Pitt then 
 
ANECDOTES OF STERNE. 229 
 
 Secretary of State, that it might lay in his Parlour Window, 
 and amuse him after the Fatigues of Business as a lounging 
 Book. 
 
 When Sterne read some of the loose sheets of the Copy of 
 Tristram Shandy to a select company assembled at M r Croft's 
 for that purpose after dinner, they fell asleep at which Sterne 
 was so nettled that he threw the Manuscript into the fire, and 
 had not luckily M r Croft rescued the scorched papers from 
 the flames, the work wou'd have been consigned to oblivion. 
 
 On Sterne's first arrival in London, D r Warburton, then 
 Bishop of Glocester, sent for him and gave him a purse of 
 money attended with severall books to improve his Stile, with 
 proper and salutary advice for his future conduct in life and 
 pursuits in Literature, which he totally disregarded, and 
 treated with contempt, as appeared when he fell into the 
 Company and affected a Set of Wits in London at that time. 
 Foot, Delavall, &c., which led him into great expence, when 
 he sett up a Carriage, and came down into Yorkshire, in 
 a superior style that he soon spent the money which so 
 liberally flowed from the Publick for the produce of his pen 
 and the further sweat of his brow. 
 
 Sterne and his friend Hall of Skelton Castle were elemented 
 together, Fellow Students at Jesus College, Cambridge, at the 
 same time, when ever after their Friendship continued one 
 and indivisible thro' Life. Sterne's Picture hangs in the 
 Combination Room of that College, and they used to study 
 under a large Wallnutt Tree, in the Inner Court, when one 
 of 'em wrote underneath these lines 
 
 This shou'd be the Tree of Knowledge 
 As it stands in so very wise a Colledge. 
 
 Sterne maintained a long Paper war in the Newspapers at 
 York, supported by D r Fountayne, the present Dean against 
 D r Topham of the Spirituall Court which gave Birth to the 
 Political Romance, intitled the Watch Coat. It was reputed 
 one of the best of his Peices. The Publication was suppressed 
 as it gave offence to the Dignity of the Church, till after 
 Sterne's decease, tho' it had been privately printed, when the 
 copies were all bought up by the present Precentor. 
 
230 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 It appeared by Sterne's Accompt Book that he had received 
 1500 of Dodsley at different times for his Publications. 
 
 The Books that he studied and drew from most were the 
 Moyen de Parvenir, a small French book, I had it from himself, 
 Montaignes Essays, he affected the style of Rabelais, and 
 particularly Bishop Halls Works which he copied a pie de la 
 lettre. He was allso a great Admirer of the pathetick novell 
 Le Doyen de Coleraine, the naivete of the Paysanne Parvenue 
 de Marsiaux &c a . He has lately been accused of Plagiarism 
 by a M r Ferrier, for which refer to Manchester Essays, Vol. 
 4 th . He affected mostly Books of the Black Letter from 
 whence he cou'd draw storys without being detected. 
 
 Sterne had an Intrigue with a M rs Drapere who m he cele- 
 brates so much in his works under a feigned name. She was 
 the Lady of the Governor of Bombay, a most beautifull 
 young woman. He accompanied her on her passage back 
 to India as far as the Downs where at parting they vowed 
 eternall Fidelity and it was settled that when she arrived in 
 India she was to obtain an Appointment from her Husband, 
 and afterwards return to Europe and so to continue to live 
 together in Italy on the Banks of the River Arno. She is 
 since deceased. 
 
 After Sterne's Decease, all his loose papers were burned 
 by the late Prince of Wales's Chaplain who officiated at his 
 Funeral, amongst which were a large Parcel of Letters of 
 Love and Gallantry from Ladies of the first Rank and 
 Quality. 
 
 Sterne's Mother died in the common Goal at York in 
 a wretched condition, or soon after she was released. It was 
 held unpardonable in him not to relieve her, when he had 
 the means of doing it, as a subscription was set on foot for 
 the purpose. His Sister married a Publican in London. 
 Never anyone dwelt more upon Humanity in Theory but it 
 does not appear that he putt so much of it in practice. 
 
 A many Idle tales are told of Sterne in the Country. Once 
 it is said that as he was going over the Fields on a Sunday 
 to preach at Stillington it happened that his Pointer Dog 
 sprung a Covey of Partridges, when he went directly home 
 
ANECDOTES OF STERNE. 231 
 
 for his Gun and left his Flock that was waiting for him in the 
 Church, in the lurch. 
 
 Another time when he was skaiting on the Car at Stil- 
 lington, the Ice broke in with him in the middle of the Pond, 
 and none of the Parishioners wou'd assist to extricate him, as 
 they were at variance. Another time a Flock of Geese 
 assembled in the Church Yard at Sutton, when his Wife 
 bawl'd out * Laurie, powl 'em/ i. e. pluck the quills, on which 
 they were ready to riot and mob Laurie. 
 
 They generally considered him as crazy, or crackbrained. 
 He was not steady to his Pastimes, or Recreations. At one 
 time he wou'd take up the Gun and follow shooting till he 
 became a good shott, then he wou'd take up the Pencil and 
 paint Pictures. He chiefly copied Portraits. He had a good 
 Idea of Drawing, but not the least of mixing his colours. 
 There are severall Pictures of his painting at York, such as 
 they are. 
 
 Sterne left only a Daughter Lydia who, after his decease, 
 retired with her Mother into France after she had settled with 
 the next Incumbent for the Dilapidations at the Parsonage 
 House at Sutton, which he refers to in his works, and they 
 lived upon a joint annuity which arose from a very liberal 
 subscription, which took place in their behalf, among the 
 Nobility and Gentry, which amounted to above ^1000. The 
 Mother died soon after in France and the Daughter married 
 Mons r Medalle a French March 1 and a Protestant in Normandy 
 of good Character but of no extraordinary credit. He died 
 soon after they married, and she is since dead. 
 
 Sterne's Popularity at one time arose to that pitch, that on 
 a Wager laid in London that a Letter addressed to Tristram 
 Shandy in Europe shou'd reach him when luckily the Letter 
 came down into Yorkshire and the Post Boy meeting Sterne 
 on the road to Sutton pulled off his hatt and gave it him. 
 
 When it was Sterne's turn to preach at the Minster half of 
 the Congregation usually went out of Church as soon as he 
 mounted the Pulpit, as his Delivery and Voice were so very 
 disagreeable. 
 
 Sterne was tie'st and shewed himself to most advantage in 
 
THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 a small Company, for in a large one he was frequently at 
 a Loss and dumbfound ered as he assumed the privilege of 
 a Wit, he wou'd frequently come out with very silly things and 
 expressions which if they did not meet that share of appro- 
 bation from the Publick which he expected he wou'd be very 
 angry and even affrontive. 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 Monday, Feb. 8 th , 1796. 
 
 Most certainly I wish your residence to be near us, and 
 on that Account I am a little undecided where I would wish to 
 fix you, for tho' I have bought , the Great House in Stratton 
 Street, I often feel a sort of hankering after old Haunts, and 
 to return to the Strand. . . . The Female party here seem 
 to wish the marriage to wait 'till we can all get to London, 
 but L d Guilford * on account of the uncertainty of how long 
 this may &?, and because ' Delays are dangerous^ I believe 
 thinks Bath as favourable to Matrimony as any other place. 
 I have no wish but to please and accommodate, and to con- 
 tribute to the permanent Happiness of their union. I should 
 be a Fool to have any other, seeing that the comfort of my 
 poor remainder of Life depends upon it, and a good solid 
 dependence it is, and knowing and esteeming Lord Guilford 
 as you do I am sure you will think so. Fanny is getting 
 every day well, and if she would find herself a Husband who 
 would be willing and able to conduct the Shop, I think there 
 is nothing more for me to do but to amuse myself and M rs 
 Coutts and ' enjoy (in your society) the present Hour, nor fear 
 the last.' v 
 
 I am sorry to see your opinion as to the War. It is 
 ruinous in the extreme, and not the Interest of the Rulers of 
 our Adversary to make Peace. It would seem then it must 
 continue like a Duel in a Saw Pit 'till one or other is con- 
 quer'd. Such a War England never was engag'd in before. 
 Heaven send us a Happy delivery. 
 
 1 George Augustus, third Earl of Guilford, son of Lord North, the Minister. 
 
JOHN CROFT TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 233 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 NEWBURY, Feb. 28 th , 1796. 
 
 You will be glad to hear of Miss Coutts's 1 marriage and 
 I therefore write to give you the earliest information that it 
 took place this morning. They are gone to Bushey Park 
 and from thence proposed proceeding to Waldershare in Kent. 
 I am just about retracting my solitary way to Bath. 
 
 [JOHN CROFT TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 The Man of Europe is not easy 
 Unless he's Mystical and Busy. 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, YORK > '9 th /'""> 1796. 
 
 The favour of your Letter, if I may be permitted to 
 use a dead Language, serus tamen respicit amicos ! concludes 
 by Faying that you was setting off Electioneering, reach'd me 
 amidst the Fervor, and on the spur of the same pursuit. It 
 is out of the question to intimate further on that head, than 
 that I was very happy to hear of your so far good health and 
 Statu quo ! and the more so as had a Promise of a long 
 Letter from you the first rainy day after that you returned to 
 London, which by the by plainly implys that Promises are 
 bad things, as since the receit of that Letter, there has fallen 
 no lack of that Article here, that I was the more anxious to 
 hear from you, and even to a sort of despair as cou'd not 
 account for it. 
 
 I thank you very kindly for the hints about my intended 
 Publication. It has been some time in the Press and expect 
 it may be out shortly, as it is not a large Work, merely a few 
 Tracts, from some MSS. which Chance or Fortune had thrown 
 luckily in my way, and it took me in the head to give 'em to 
 the Publick, as I am neither influenced by Vanity at my time 
 of day or any Lucre of Profit may arise from the sale of the 
 
 Pamphlet, for I can call it no more than a compendium, since 
 
 % 
 
 1 Susan Coutts. She was Lord Guilford's second wife. 
 
234 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 I have followed your advice and the example of your friend 
 Sterne's Bishop of Benevento, who you know after being 
 employed forty years about an elaborate Book, reduced it 
 to the size of a common sheet Almanack. I intend to dedi- 
 cate it to the Society as you advise me and will send you 
 two Copys. One you will be so good to present, the other 
 please to accept and flatter myself some Passage or other 
 in it may please or amuse you, which to me is the Heigth of 
 my Ambition. 
 
 I have seen a very curious Publication of St. Stephen's 
 Chapell, Westminster Gothick Ornaments^ &c a . which are the 
 most elegant and neat and sharply done that I ever saw, 
 published by the Society of Antiquarys. It belongs to Fran 8 
 Smyth, my quondam School fellow, one of the Society 
 here. 
 
 I shou'd be extremely happy to be thought capable to be 
 a Member of the Society of English Antiquarys if that cou'd 
 be admitted thro' the medium of some Friend and if that 
 cou'd be admitted without much Difficulty and Hesitation, 
 and without much expence. I might not be an unworthy 
 Member as have a natural turn, say bent, to the study of 
 Antiquity having devoted a good deal of time to it, and 
 I have a Fund of Materialls, Abilities, and Documents that 
 way by me. But this must refer and appeal to you for 
 further advice and Assistance. 
 
 I hope in future to be able to afford you more Anecdotes 
 of your friend the late M r Sterne, as thro' the means of 
 a servant that lived with him may be able to procure for you 
 some domestick ones. ' Sterne and his Wife, tho' they did 
 not gee well together for she used to say herself, that the 
 largest House in England cou'd not contain them both, on 
 account of their Turmoils and Disputes, they were every day 
 writing and addressing Love Letters to one another for his 
 Love to his wife, refer you to the Latin Epistle to his friend 
 Hall in the Collection of Letters. It was agreed betwixt 
 them to have a Strong Box with a Nick in the Top and so 
 they were to putt in what each saved out of their private 
 expenses towards raising a Fortune for their Daughter Lidia 
 
THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 235 
 
 when unhappily M rs Sterne fell ill, and she espied Laurie 
 breaking open the Strong Box. She fainted, and unluckily 
 a Quarrel ensued. This Story M rs S. told herself inter alia 
 which militated against the stability of poor Laurie. . . . 
 
 Dear Sir, 
 Yours faithfully and sincerely, 
 
 J. CROFT. 
 
 I have not any thoughts of London at Present, without 
 Business called me thither as have now few Acquaint 06 left 
 there and Journeying comes high without an object. 
 
 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS TO DR STERNE'S SERMONS. 
 
 Benjamin Franklin LL.D. 2 sets .... paid 
 
 Sir James Carnegie Bar 1 p d 
 
 John Cathcart Esq r p d 
 
 Thomas Coutts Esq r p d 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord p d 
 
 Cap*. James Lockhart p d 
 
 William Gordon Esq r p d 
 
 Edward Majoribanks Esq r . . . . . p d 
 
 Robert Boyle Esq r p d 
 
 Cap*. Basil Keith 
 
 William Crichton Esq r . . . . . p d 
 
 John Trotter Esq r p d 
 
 William Scott Esq r p d 
 
 Sir John Stuart Bar* .... . p d 
 
 James Coutts Esq r p d 
 
 Arch d Stewart Esq r 2 setts 
 
 Charles Bell Esq* p d 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 BOWOOD PARK, Aug. n th , 1796. 
 
 We have been all here for a week and have this day 
 received y r Letter. The information as to M r Macpherson's 
 House I rec d the Day before from M r Mackenzie, one of the 
 exors. I wish they had known their own mind for seeing 
 them decided to let it stand unoccupied 'till the young 
 Macpherson came Home I did not carry Fanny to see it nor 
 
236 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 did I examine it so fully as would have wish'd to have done 
 had I known it would be sold so soon. I chiefly wish to buy 
 it for Fanny and I cannot now go myself or carry her to 
 Town to see it. They have chosen an odd time of the year 
 to sell, and I cannot help thinking they had better have sold 
 it in May last or determined to keep it till next May when 
 it is probable too there may be Peace. I am at a loss to 
 ascertain the value of the Place. I wish you knew of any 
 Person capable of making an Estimate and could furnish him 
 with the particulars of the Tenure, quantity of Land & ca . You 
 may perhaps try to get M r Antrobus the particulars and he 
 may get me something to go upon. But it is something 
 like buying a Pig in a Poke, and I do not much wish it. 
 We are in some Hopes of getting Fanny well, and D r Beddoes 
 seems a very sensible clear man. We shall return to him at 
 Clifton on Monday next. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 Sept r 2 nd , 1796. 
 
 I was happy to receive y r kind Letter yesterday and the 
 receipt of it gave great pleasure to M rs Coutts as well as to 
 me, tho' what it contain'd of Public affairs only added to the 
 Gloomy view I have of them, which I find from many various 
 channels both sides of Parliament and from men of neither 
 side, is the universal opinion. Indeed I must give credit to 
 myself that from the beginning I was so far from thinking 
 the War just or necessary that I always have thought it 
 would lead to very fatal consequences. The Ministry who 
 have made it wou'd now wish to get out of it, and have no 
 other hope but that the resources of France will fail. Alas 
 with 3 p.c 8 at 55 and 30 millions more to borrow, whose re- 
 sources will fail first? As to an Invasion I think it neither 
 so near as some nor so far off as others imagine. If our 
 enemys act wisely they will ruin us first, and we shall then 
 fall an easy prey. 
 
 M c Pherson's estate has been badly manag'd. Christie de- 
 clared ' it would be put lip again on the Premises? Therefore 
 
THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 237 
 
 I waited and I was expecting to hear when, and had written 
 that I wou'd go as far as 1500, but y r Information that it 
 was sold for 1200 was the first time I heard a word further. 
 No help. We must do without it. 
 
 M r and M rs Udny staid but a few Days. M r Udny had an 
 Asthmatic Fit here, but recovered, and has taken direction 
 for the use of Oxygene Air. I hope it may alleviate His 
 sufferings. This place they say is quite full tho' so far as 
 I have heard I do not think there are above Three or Four 
 names I ever heard of, none that I know, unless it be And w 
 Stuart. I cannot say Fanny has gained any ground as yet 
 and I am almost at my Wits End about her. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 CLIFTON, Sept. 21, 1796. 
 
 Many thanks My dear Sir for your good news. I hope 
 Jourdan's Army is demolish'd and that Moreau's may follow. 
 I think Buonaparte's will one day or other be demolish'd in 
 Italy. There wants but a Hearty Spirit in the Natives against 
 such Invaders, to overcome them. I wish that want may not 
 be too prevalent in our Island. I have heard, with much 
 concern, in various parts, among the lower sorts, the People 
 say ' we can be no worse come who may.' This is a most 
 frightful Idea to prevail, and I am more afifraid of it than of 
 a Hundred Thousand Frenchmen ' Arm'd all in Proof, and 
 led by Buonaparte.' But may we hope that Peace on any 
 decent Terms may follow these Defeats? or will our rulers 
 grow Cock a Whoop upon them and Hold high the Head. 
 I shall be very sorry if they do for we are in a most alarming 
 state with respect to Finances, and continuation of war must 
 be utter ruin. M r Pitt raises 85 by a Navy Bill for 100, 
 which by Act of Parliament He must pay with 5 for interest 
 in 15 months, and which He can only do by giving (if the 
 price continues as it is today) about 131 Five p. cent Stock. 
 The Foleys or any other mad extravagant Heirs of Fortune 
 never in their minority borrow'd money on such ruinous 
 Terms, after a night spent at the Gaming Table. 
 
238 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO THOMAS BROWN.] 
 
 WALDERSHARE, Feb. 6 th , 1797. 
 
 I know you will be pleased to hear Lady Guilford is well 
 after having been delivered this morning of a Daughter. Pray 
 be so good to send this to Caleb and beg He will consider 
 it as to Him as well as it is to you. 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 WALDERSHARE, Feb. 23, 1797. 
 
 I ought to have thank'd you for your kind Letter and 
 congratulations but as I was writing to Brown I believ'd you 
 would take it as the same thing as you Two are one. Lady 
 Guilford continues to recover, and Her Daughter to thrive. 
 I have a Commission which perhaps you can execute for me. 
 My old Aunt M rs Stuart is now at Bath with my Old Friend 
 D r Nathan Spens who has become Lame by an unfortunate 
 fall from His Horse. He has had recourse for a little Amuse- 
 ment to playing on an Instrument He had made some pro- 
 ficiency in His youth The Viol di Gambo. But it was found 
 troublesome to move so far as from Edinburgh, and he cannot 
 find one at Bath. Now I would willingly buy one and send 
 it to Him but I imagine it is not an Instrument in Use, and 
 most likely cannot be had. However, you could speak to 
 Longman and Brodrip, or Preston in the Strand (near my 
 House to the Eastward), and perhaps may get it, and if you 
 succeed and will order it to be sent by the Bath Waggon 
 directed to D r Spens Chandos Buildings Bath you may pay 
 for it and get the money for the Bill from M r Antrobus. You 
 would perhaps also do me the Favour to write or make y r 
 Clerk write to D r Spens, to say it was sent, when, by what 
 conveyance and when it will arrive at Bath. Knowing you 
 to be pleased with everything tending to Harmony or tending 
 to oblige your old Friend I make no apology but trust to 
 your indulgence. 
 
MEMORANDUM RELATING TO GENERAL MELVILLE. 239 
 
 MEMORANDUM. 
 
 io th March, 1797. 
 
 M r Myddelton to wait on M r Whitefoord, from General 
 Melville, and tell him that Gen 1 Melville, after a conversation 
 held with D r Johnson, who endeavoured to excuse himself, 
 on the Grounds of his having known that G. M. would not 
 have consented to the friendly application, which he thought 
 it his duty to make in behalf of G. M.'s Botanical merits ; 
 that he had proposed only the Thanks of the Society to be 
 given to G. M. if the Gold Medal should be thought objection- 
 able, and that he did not foresee any difficulty in the business ; 
 fully expressed to the D r his unpleasing feelings, on his being 
 so awkwardly and undeservedly drawn into a questionable 
 shape with the Society, and hoping that nothing similar 
 would happen in future ; could not, however, but acknowledge 
 the D r 's friendly intent, and the obligation he has to the 
 handsome zeal of M r Green, and for which G. M. begs that 
 his best thanks may be returned by M r Whitefoord to that 
 Gentleman. 
 
 And as G. M. conceives matters to stand, he must request 
 a further kindness of M r Whitefoord in explaining whenever 
 and wherever it will be most proper, that G. M. himself thinks 
 the premium of the Gold Medal to him so objectionable, that 
 he by no means wishes for it. But it will not be unpleasing 
 to G. M. that the following particulars may be now made 
 properly known, at a meeting of the Society : namely that he 
 zealously exerted himself, and hazarded a large expense (never 
 wholly refunded to him) in founding the Botanic Garden in 
 S* Vincent, when Governor of it and the other ceded Islands 
 in 1765, from an earnest desire to comply with what he knew 
 to be then the patriotic wishes of the Society of Arts, and 
 from that sense of duty to the Public which he felt, not to 
 let slip so favourable an occasion never to be expected again 
 in that government. 
 
240 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [JAMES SCOTT TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 MY DEAR SIR, HACKNESS, Sept- y 27^, 1797. 
 
 I am much obliged to you for your little note, as it 
 proved to me that I am not entirely blotted out of your 
 remembrance, which I should regard as the worst of all blots, 
 litura valde deflenda. I do not know whether you were ever 
 in this beautiful and romantic country where I have been 
 thrown thirty or forty years too late, when all the enthusiasm 
 of life is over, and I can do nothing but ruminate upon past 
 raptures in a chimney corner. I shall not attempt to describe 
 it, but refer you to Gilpin's Forest Scenery T ; out of which 
 you must pick all his pretty words and phrases, such as 
 sylvan, picturesque, carpet lawns, laughing slopes, fretting 
 rills, tufted clumps, woody promontories, sweet sequester'd 
 bottoms, grand savannahs &c. and then jumble them well 
 together, and they will give you as exact an Idea of Hackness, 
 as I have of all those bewitching scenes, which he paints so 
 charmingly in his several rides thro' New Forest. We too 
 have our ' indigenous Forest hog,' who no doubt finds 
 ' tolerable subsistence thro' the Winter ' (tho j poor fellow it is 
 hard upon him ' in frosty weather, when the ground resists his 
 delving snout ') because we meet with him alive in the Spring ; 
 when, as M r Gilpin sagely remarks, ' fresh grasses, and salads 
 of different kinds add a variety to his bill of fare.' I shall 
 not search into his pedigree, which he derives from the wild 
 Boar, 'tho' his blood may be contaminated with vulgar 
 mixtures'; nor expatiate on his 'picturesque person,' 'his 
 high crest, and broad shoulders,' for fear you should think 
 I am painting some neighbouring Justice of Peace, or Doctor 
 in Divinity ; who, like the forest hog, ' is commonly supposed 
 to be an obstinate, headstrong, unmanageable brute.' 
 
 I have thus, contrary to my intention, given you a little 
 faint sketch of Hackness, but I hope pleasing enough to induce 
 you sometime or other to pay it a visit, which I am sure 
 
 1 William Gilpin, Vicar of Boldre. Remarks on forest scenery and other wood- 
 land views, illustrated by the scenes of New Forest in Hampshire. 2 vols. 
 London, 8vo. 1791. 
 
THE CASE OF CAPTAIN WHITE AND DR. SCOTT. 241 
 
 would give S r R. Johnstone (N.B. he desires me to tell you 
 so) the highest gratification. How I could wish to be with 
 you at Hinchingbrook, where your most worthy and hospitable 
 Landlord (to whom I beg my best respects) has the happy 
 art of rendering every person highly pleased with him, and 
 satisfied with himself. Adieu, my dear Sir. Believe me ever 
 Y r most faithful humble Servant 
 
 JAMES SCOTT. 
 
 [THE CASE OF CAPTAIN WHITE AND DR. SCOTT.] 
 
 A day or two before the season for shooting moor game 
 commenced, Lord Milsington, Col. of the Lincolnshire Militia, 
 and a Capt. Brown of the said Corps, apply'd to S r Richard 
 Johnstone for leave to shoot upon his Moors at Hackness : 
 which he refused in the civilest and politest manner ; alledg- 
 ing as a reason that he had already resisted applications of 
 the same kind made by others, and therefore could not 
 possibly give leave to them. However, notwithstanding this 
 positive refusal, Lord Milsington and Capt. Brown went the 
 first day of the season, and shot upon S r Richard's Moors, 
 where they killed several birds: they shot there again the 
 second day ; and upon S r Richard Johnstone's gamekeeper 
 telling them they were not to shoot there, they bade him 
 acquaint his Master that they would shoot there as much 
 and as often as they pleased, in spite of his (S r Richard's) teeth. 
 Upon this unhandsome behaviour, S r Rich d apply'd to a 
 neighbouring Justice of the Peace, who convicted Capt. Brown, 
 upon the Mutiny Act, in the penalty of five pounds, for killing 
 Game upon his Manor without leave : Lord Milsington was 
 not prosecuted, as there was no Evidence of his having 
 actually kill'd any birds, though he had fired several shots ; 
 but they were both of them served with legal discharges from 
 shooting upon S r Richard's Manors for the Future. This 
 conduct of S r Rich d Johnstone (which was not only justifiable, 
 but from repeated trespasses absolutely necessary) the military 
 then at Scarbro'^imputed to the instigation of D r Scott, who 
 was totally unconsulted and unconcerned in the business, and 
 
 R 
 
242 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 they were determined to be revenged upon him, by insulting 
 him publicly. This they effected, in a manner most extra- 
 ordinary and outrageous, by one Capt. White, of the Ayrshire 
 Fencibles, calling out his men from Church, by Sound of 
 Trumpet, as soon as D r Scott had begun his sermon. To 
 palliate the atrociousness of this behaviour, Capt. White either 
 invented, or at least spread abroad the most malignant, false 
 and shocking calumnies against D r Scott's Character, viz : 
 that he had baptized a monkey and given the sacrament to 
 a dog : for which he very properly commenced an action for 
 defamation ag* Capt. White. However D r Scott sent word 
 to Capt. White that if he could in the smallest degree sub- 
 stantiate the charges if he could prove that in any one action 
 of D r Scott's life he had ever been guilty of the slightest 
 indecency towards Religion, that he had ever been known to 
 swear, or to join in any indecent conversation, or to be in 
 liquor or commit any action indecorous in a clergyman he 
 would instantly drop the prosecution. Nothing of the kind 
 was attempted by Capt. White, at the late trial at York, 
 which turned upon these points, viz : that Capt. White was not 
 the inventor of the Calumny, but merely the Reporter, that 
 he had repeatedly offer'd to make every apology and satisfac- 
 tion that a gentleman could make, which had been rejected 
 with Scorn ; that D r Scott was a man of great affluence, and 
 Capt. White had little besides his Commission ; that it ap- 
 peared from D r Scott's own witnesses that they did not believe 
 the report, and that it had not hurt his character, that there- 
 fore the Doctor had suffer'd no damage and consequently 
 special damages could not be given. The Judge, in summing 
 up the Evidence, said that he thought D r Scott perfectly right 
 in bringing the business into Court, as the Investigation re- 
 futed the Calumny, and therefore would put a stop to it. 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 NEAR TUNBRIDGE WELLS, Oct. 20 th , 1797. 
 How happy Admiral Duncan has made us, and how 
 gracefully His new-made Honours sit upon Him. I observe 
 
THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 243 
 
 in all the Papers they state the British Fleet to have been 
 superior in number of Guns. By the Gazette it appears in 
 number of men, in the Line, we were 895 more than the 
 
 Dutch, but in number of guns Ten less M rs Coutts 
 
 wants me to go to Town to see M rs Crawford J return to the 
 Stage and to get you to go with us. But we shall see what 
 you say of the old and new candidates for Theatrical Fame. 
 They have been many in number but I hear little of Excel- 
 lence. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 NEAR TUNBRIDGE WELLS, Nov. i 8t , 1797. 
 I made some of your Friends happy by reading them 
 your Letter full of your usual good humoured wit and enter- 
 taining observations. Sir John Macpherson brought the son 
 of Ossian y r old Friend to dine with me and he seems an 
 agreeable enough young man; 'tho He has been 13 or 14 
 years in India He looks like a Boy. Have you been to see 
 any of the Antient Novelties and New Antiques ? I wish to 
 know how M" Barry was received. I liked her best by that 
 name. Is M r Johnstone 2 deserving of so high a Praise as 
 the Edinb r Roscius? A young actor with merit would do 
 well to get into Drury Lane. He will grow worse in the 
 other House. In Drury Lane he may improve if he does not 
 stoop to imitation ; if he does, he forfeits his claim to genius 
 in my mind. Is it true what I see today in the Paper, that 
 the Emperor has made Peace, without us? I am disap- 
 pointed at it, and sorry. I had a letter from Brown and 
 really feel for him on the loss of his nephew. I hope the 
 father will be able to surmount so heavy a tryal. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 TUNBRIDGE WELLS, Nov. 21, 1797. 
 
 I have always been intending to go to Town for a few 
 days which has prevented my answering your kind letter and 
 thanking you for both verse and Prose French and English. 
 M" Coutts was much pleased but women you know always 
 
 1 M Spranger Barry. 2 John Henry Johnstone, d. 1828. 
 
 R 2 
 
244 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 want ' a little more ' and she wishes for such a letter once 
 a week. In plain truth we are both pleased always when we 
 hear from you and hear you are well and enjoying y r self. 
 Everybody is running away from this Summer retreat where 
 we have only waited for Lady Burdett. She has been with 
 us above a week but finds it a bad season for the Water, and 
 as Sir Francis and she mean to keep Christmas at Foremark 
 and he must go to Town, they are about leaving us, and we 
 shall therefore soon pack up, bag and baggage. We should 
 all go I believe to Foremark were it not that Lady Guilford 
 cannot be of the party on account of her lord's health : tho' 
 he is much better he will hardly venture on such a journey 
 and she presses us to come to her at Bath. What think you 
 of Buonaparte and the army of England ? I wish we could 
 have a good blow at their Brest Fleet. It might bring them 
 to reason. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 BATH, Dec. 22 nd , 1797. 
 
 To have past through London without the pleasure of 
 seeing you added much to the numberless vexations 
 M ts Coutts and me underwent in four days we past there, in 
 which we never could command a quarter of an hour for any 
 agreeable purpose. I went two or three times to the Strand 
 and there I was beset from the moment till I made my 
 escape by all sorts of Applications all which in various modes 
 of refusal I was to resist. In short I was never easy 'till 
 I pass'd the Turnpike at Hyde Park, and now here we are at 
 Bath, in Laura place in the only House to be hired in this 
 neighbourhood (near Lord Guilford's) and we are obliged to 
 be content with it as it is, such is the crowd at present 
 resorted to this great hospital. The weather is very dis- 
 couraging, and I am not much encouraged by the appear- 
 ance of Lord Guilford's Health, tho' I am not altogether 
 without hope of his recovery w ch however must be the work 
 of much time and care. The Public affairs which used to be 
 the least object of my sollicitude now presents a Picture too 
 threat'ning to be unnoticed. 
 
RICHARD ELLISON TO JAMES SCOTT. 245 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 BATH,/##. 21, 1798. 
 
 Will you be so good to tell Brown that I have sent 
 M r Preston a long letter of that unfortunate young man 
 James Seton's. His own and his father's calamities would 
 induce any of us, knowing them so long and so well to do 
 them any kindness. Brown may desire Preston to shew him 
 the letter and he may then consult him on the business. 
 I think if he can get out to India his brother's influence 
 there will ensure his success and it seems to be the last 
 effort. 
 
 [SiR JOHN MACPHERSON TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 BROMPTON, 27 February, 1798. 
 
 Many thanks, my good friend, for your successful labours 
 in advancing me to the honours of antiquity. These honours, 
 whether from motives of anxiety or ambition we all pursue. 
 Would I could assist my old and truest friends to Hernip- 
 pian juvenility. There are waters or rather wines in which 
 we may seek his redivivian joys. Of these I hope to taste 
 with you and Bruno at our club of today. Vive vale addiasca 
 
 sempe allegro. 
 
 Yours truly 
 
 JOHN MACPHERSON. 
 [RICHARD ELLISON l TO THE REV. DR. SCOTT.] 
 
 o LONDON, 12 th March, 1798. 
 
 I am sincerely sorry that I shou'd on the 1 9 th Aug* last 
 have uttered a Report, which I heard in the Rooms at 
 Scarborough on the preceding Day, that you had baptized 
 a Monkey, and given the Sacrament to a Dog. I can truly 
 say that I never did believe the Report ; and having since 
 
 my leaving Scarborough made enquiry respecting it, I am 
 
 * 
 
 1 Richard Ellison, M.P. for Lincoln. 
 
246 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 satisfyed there never was the least Foundation given by you 
 for so injurious a calumny. You are welcome to communi- 
 cate the contents of this Letter to such persons as you think 
 may have given credence to it upon my account : for as 
 a gentleman and a man capable of feeling severely such 
 injury myself, I cannot bear the thoughts of having hurt the 
 Feelings of any other Gentleman, by inconsiderate expres- 
 sions of mine, for which I repeat that I am sincerely sorry. 
 
 I am, Sir, 
 
 Your ob* serv* 
 
 R. ELLISON. 
 
 [JAMES SCOTT TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR FRIEND, HANOVER SQUARE > May r 5 ' h ' I798 " 
 
 I was much obliged by the favour of your note yester- 
 day, and should have thanked you for it in person this 
 morning, had not the weather been unfavourable for a pedes- 
 trian. Will you have the goodness to send me the Account 
 
 I gave you of the outrageous behaviour of Lord M and 
 
 M r B at Scarbro'? It will save me a good deal of 
 
 trouble, and you shall have it again, if you wish for it. It 
 will assist me in drawing up a fuller Narrative for the Inspec- 
 tion and Information of a very great Personage. 
 
 S r Rich d Johnstone desires me to present his compliments 
 to you, and request the favour of your Company to a family 
 dinner on Wednesday next, at half past four precisement. 
 He intends to ask M r Cosway to meet you. I am always 
 Most truly and sincerely yours 
 
 JAMES SCOTT. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, SIMONBURN, S*T f 28*, I 79 8. 
 
 I am extremely glad to hear that the Grouse arrived 
 safe, and in good condition ; but am very much mortify'd 
 
JAMES SCOTT TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 247 
 
 that I have not been able to send any more, particularly as 
 they would be so well eaten : for if I was a Moorgame 
 myself, and was to be devour'd, I should wish it to be done 
 by Men of Taste. I do not intend staying here more than 
 a fortnight or three weeks longer ; during which time, I trust 
 I shall be able to send Lord Sandwich some parcels of 
 Grouse. As to wintering here, I should never think of it, 
 unless upon the same terms, which Leo Suavius tells us are 
 granted to the good folks in Lucomoria, a province of Russia, 
 who lye fast asleep, as dead, all Winter, from Nov r y e 27 th to 
 April y e 24 th , and then wake as merry as Grigs. Upon these 
 conditions, I might be prevailed upon to comply with the 
 injunctions of my Diocesan, in keeping strict residence at 
 Simonburn. I should pass the Summer merrily, in one of 
 the pleasantest places in England ; and as to Winter 
 I should certainly do no harm, (which every thing consider'd is 
 no small point gained) and might possibly do as much good^ as 
 many of my Rev d Brethren, who never seem to be thoroughly 
 awake, Winter or Summer, the whole year thro'. I should 
 be very happy to spend two or three months this winter in 
 London : but of that I have little hopes ; for travelling so 
 far, in short days and bad roads, is very troublesome to 
 a Man of my kidney. You have undoubtedly read of the 
 Rucke, a very extraordinary Bird in the Island of Mada- 
 gascar, which flies away with an Elephant, as easily as 
 a Kite with a Mouse. What a pity it is that there is no 
 getting one of these Monsters tamed and broken ; as it would, 
 without any trouble, take my whole family under the 
 shadow of its wings, and set us down in Park Street ! Pray 
 give my best respects to Lord Sandwich, and any of your 
 Circle, with whom I have the happiness of being acquainted ; 
 and believe me, 
 
 My dear Sir, very truly 
 
 and sincerely your's, 
 
 JAMES SCOTT. 
 
248 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [BENJAMIN WEST TO CALEB WHITEFOORD VJ 
 
 DEAR SIR NEWMAN STREET, /* 9 th , 1799- 
 
 Having been informed, that the society for encouraging 
 Arts and Manufactures meet this evening to consider of an 
 honorary, as well as a pecuniary return to M r Barry for his 
 great labours in retouching, and improving the pictures in 
 the society's great room, I should have been happy, had my 
 health permitted, to have come there on this occasion, and 
 voted for the intended motion, to have given testimony how 
 much I esteem those pictures, for the Genius, and knowledge 
 which they everywhere display, the great honour they do 
 their Author, the Society, and the country. And I sincerely 
 
 1 (Enclosed.) Progressive Improvement of 
 
 Historical Painting 
 
 in 
 
 Great Britain. 
 gir To the Editor of the True Briton. 
 
 The Amateurs of Painting in general, the Patrons and Professors of 
 Historical Painting in particular, will be highly gratified by our early attention to, 
 and communication of, the proceedings of the Society for the Encouragement of 
 Arts, &c. at their apartments in the Adelphi, on Wednesday last, when James 
 Barry, Esq., R.A. and Professor of Painting to the Royal Academy, had the 
 honour of having the Gold Medal of the Society, and 200 guineas Voted to him, 
 and confirmed by Ballot, with every designation and tribute of respect which 
 unanimity, fervour, and gratitude could manifest. The Motion which led to this 
 laudable measure was made and most ably supported by Mr. Caleb Whitefoord, as 
 Chairman of the Committee of Polite Arts, whose liberality and taste for the Arts 
 require no eulogium from my feeble pen. To this ingenious and excellent Artist is 
 to be ascribed the uncommon merit of having adorned the great Room of this 
 laudable Institution with a great work, which is an Incentive to Morality, and with 
 a series of Historical Paintings which were the labour of many years; are the 
 ornament of the present age, and deserve to be transmitted down to the latest 
 posterity. Alderman Boydell, the venerable Patron of the Arts, and the fostering 
 hand of Genius, made an happy use of this fair occasion by observing, that in the 
 early part of his long (and we beg leave to add of his meritorious Life] he was 
 compelled to resort to the Continent for Historical Pictures, as proper Subjects for 
 Engraving. But that in consequence of the Premiums, the rays of bounty diffused 
 by the Society of Arts, he was happy in having the opportunity on this very 
 pleasing occasion to declare, that of late years (and be it remembered, that only 
 a few years before, all Commerce with France and Holland was cut off), he had 
 the happiness to find at home, among our own Artists, ample Scope for the Genius, 
 the Industry, and the due encouragement of Engravers. But no where could he 
 find so wide, and so fair a field for panegyric as in the Great Room, where he then 
 had the honour of making this further and serious declaration that in the decline 
 of life he should deem his time, his efforts, and his energy in promoting the Fine 
 Arts to be well spent, and laudably employed, in transmitting more diffusively to 
 the World, by a Set of Engravings, a due sense of the great merit of the Historical 
 Pictures of Mr. Bairy, which he thought were beyond all price ; but although they 
 cannot be properly appreciated at present, the price which Posterity will pay is 
 Immortality ! PHILOT. 
 
MRS. JOHN ADOLPHUS TO MRS. WHITEFOORD. 249 
 
 hope, that the intention of a reward may be carried into 
 effect by the Society this evening, which will not only prove, 
 that they were the first promoters of the Elegant Arts, but 
 are still the rewarders of them. 
 
 With the greatest respect I am Dear Sir 
 
 Your most obedient and obliged 
 BENJ N WEST. 
 
 [JAMES SCOTT TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 MY DEAR SIR, WOODHOUSE PLACE, April y 28* 1799. 
 
 I am extremely obliged by the favour of your letter, 
 which I rec d this morning : and I am requested to present 
 S r R. Johnstone's best respects to you, and his warmest 
 acknowledgments for the trouble you have been so good as 
 to take upon his account. He will give Simpson four score 
 pounds for the inlaid Table ; and that he may not trespass 
 further upon you, has written to one Steel, an Upholsterer in 
 Oxford Street, who will have the care of packing up the 
 Table, to call upon Simpson for that purpose. I rec d 
 Lord Sandwich's most valuable present about ten days ago, 
 and wrote by the very first post to thank him for his very kind 
 remembrance of me: but, from an expression in your's of 
 today, I am almost afraid my Letter to him has miscarried ; 
 and should this really be the case, I should esteem it as 
 a mark of your particular regard, if you would acquaint his 
 Lordship with this circumstance. I send this under cover to 
 him, and remain, my dear Sir, 
 
 Most cordially your's 
 
 JAMES SCOTT. 
 
 [MRS. JOHN ADOLPHUS ' TO MRS. WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 WARREN STR., FITZROY SQUARE, 
 
 MY DEAR MADAM, Ma '* y& [I799?] ' 
 
 I scarcely know whether I am authorised to take the 
 liberty I am now doing which has no other apology better to 
 
 1 Martha Elizabeth, daughter of the Rev. Ralph Leycester of White Place, 
 married John Adolphus in April, 1793. 
 
250 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 offer than its being done from a good motive. I know you 
 and M r Whitefoord have a very high esteem for M r and M ra 
 Green x and I am sure would be happy to render them any 
 assistance. Poor M r G. from disappointment and the total 
 want of employment is almost in a state of despair, and it 
 grieves me to the heart to see the unhappiness I constantly 
 experience when I go there, and this leads me to think of 
 every possible means of extricating a worthy object from such 
 deep distress. I think that by means of M r Whitefoord 
 a plan might be adopted to afford M r Green some relief. It is 
 this : If a few friends would contribute to raise an annual sub- 
 scription for him if it were only 5 guineas apeice or even less 
 so that about one hundred a year could be made up it would 
 render him comparatively comfortable for the few remaining 
 years he probably has to live. M r W. Smith is I believe 
 well known to M r Whitefoord. Now if he would set such 
 a scheme on foot by the kind instigation of M r Whitefoord 
 I think it might do very well. Lord Romney I feel certain 
 would contribute and I dare say by a hint from M r Whitefoord 
 many members of the Society of Arts. M r Green might 
 afterwards make it known to M r West and perhaps through 
 him it might reach his Majesty. I have said enough to 
 explain what I mean should M r Whitefoord think it proper to 
 do anything in it. I was induced to think of the scheme 
 from having succeeded extremely well in the same way for 
 a poor female friend. 
 
 I have now only to solicit your pardon My dear Madam 
 and to beg that if nothing can be done in the matter, it may 
 not be mentioned to the Green family, &c. 
 
 M. E. ADOLPHUS. 
 
 [VALENTINE GREEN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 No. 2, NEW ROAD, OPPOSITE 
 
 FITZROY SQUARE, LONDON, 
 DEAR SIR, J**y I2th > J 799- 
 
 The very liberal manner in which you have restored to 
 me the first Gold Medal with which I had formerly been 
 
 1 Valentine Green, the engraver, and his wife. 
 
VALENTINE GREEN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 251 
 
 presented by the Society for the Encouragement of Arts &c., 
 by your purchasing of it for the sole purpose of gratifying me 
 with it, demands and has my most grateful thanks. Twice 
 presented to me, first stamped by public Approbation, and 
 lastly by private Friendship, that Medal is now become 
 doubly estimable to me. 
 
 The late loss of this very honourable testimonial, together 
 with eight others (amounting in value to 200) the marks of 
 princely and public favour towards me, I have learnt to 
 sustain with becoming resolution, but not without feeling. 
 Misfortune has deprived [me] of them all, but their remem- 
 brance. To your generous sensibility, and liberality, my dear 
 Sir, I alone owe much abatement of that Anguish I have 
 so long borne, by the consoling effect of this unhoped-for 
 restoration of this portion of my lost property, that beyond 
 all other was so dear to Me. 
 
 I remain, &c., 
 
 VALENTINE GREEN. 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 No. 2, NEW ROAD, OPPOSITE 
 
 FITZROY SQUARE, LONDON, 
 DEAR SIR, Wr 15 th * 1799- 
 
 That I should now be found in a state needing assist- 
 ance, those who know the severe operation of a Statute of Bank- 
 ruptcy, through which ordeal I have been compelled lately to 
 pass, will not be surprised. Left totally destitute, and every 
 source of supply already exhausted in attempting the relief of 
 my Son, from those difficulties which ultimately bore us both 
 down, I have been necessarily thrown back again upon the 
 world, and thus late in life obliged to begin it anew. In this 
 situation, however, I have hitherto been left to struggle with- 
 out aid, and have produced three plates, the result of which, 
 owing to my not^being able to give the Customary Credit to 
 the Trade, has been inadequate in its supply of ready money, 
 to keep me from incurring a variety of small debts, to the 
 amount of between 80 and 90. These, together with 50 
 
252 THE WH1TEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 for which the Assignees have given me credit till November 
 next, for part of the furniture purchased at the sale of my 
 Effects, form the Amount of Debt with which I find myself 
 embarassed. 
 
 Health (through the goodness of providence) has been 
 preserved to me through my misfortunes ; and that sort of 
 Spirits which is ready to face difficulties, while there remains 
 a probability of surmounting them, are yet mine. But to be 
 rendered unable to pursue my professional avocations, for 
 the want of wherewithal to provide the Articles necessary to 
 the carrying them on, is enough to cut the strongest down, 
 and this is the precise point to which I am unhappily 
 arrived. To be in hourly expectation of having the common 
 necessary supplies of existence stopped, may, I trust, be some 
 excuse for my opening my complaints thus at large to you, 
 and may induce you to add to your other kind offices, that of 
 a Friendly Advocate, on my part, with M r [William] Smith, 
 to assist me by a loan to the foregoing amount, to bear me 
 through this difficulty, and thereby enable me to carry on my 
 profession, which I have the satisfaction to know, is yet very 
 competent to yield very ample advantage and support, to 
 industry and application. . . . 
 
 I remain, Dear Sir, &c. 
 
 VALENTINE GREEN. 
 
 [WARREN HASTINGS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 ^ ~ DAYLESFORD HOUSE, i Bi Jufy, 1801. 
 
 I thank you most heartily for the welcome information 
 which you have given me of the honor conferred upon me by 
 the President and Members of the Royal Society, and for the 
 part which you had in their act, which I feel most sensibly, as 
 an evidence, which no one can higher appreciate than I do, of 
 your esteem. I shall not fail to present myself to that 
 respectable body at their next meeting, and shall register the 
 25 th of June and the 5 th of Nov r in my Calendar as two of the 
 few white days of my life. 
 
VALENTINE GREEN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 253 
 
 M rs Hastings desires me to present her compl 8 and thanks 
 for your kind remembrance of her. We shall both esteem 
 ourselves happy to see you at Daylesford, if you should 
 chance to be at Cheltenham, which is but a short distance 
 from it, during the course of this month, to which our con- 
 tinuance at this place is limited for this season. 
 I am with truth 
 My Dear Sir 
 
 Your much obliged 
 
 and faithful servant 
 
 WARREN HASTINGS. 
 
 [VALENTINE GREEN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 The casual visit M w Whitefoord and you have been so 
 kind to make to us in the New Road, since my retreat from 
 thence, has so far anticipated the communication of that 
 occurrence to you by Letter, which I had intended. Doomed 
 to be assailed by misfortune in every vulnerable part whilst 
 I remained a visible and tangible object, I determined on 
 a removal that should at least place me out of the reach of 
 further attacks. . . . What remains for me to do I con- 
 ceive is, to preserve my personal freedom, as well for the 
 interest of those who have been instructed to look to me to 
 make them whole ... as for my own sake, and those 
 whom it is my duty to support. . . . Till I am assured of 
 existing in personal freedom, which no act of mine has yet 
 forfeited, and which as I feel I have not deserved to lose, 
 I will not lose it ; the World may conclude as it pleases, that 
 I am in or out of existence, in or out of the kingdom, in or 
 out of London, in or out of my senses, it shall never see me 
 return to be imprisoned. My real state has not been known : 
 it never has been enquired after, excepting by yourself and 
 M r Smith. . . . 
 
 I have discharged upwards of 500 debt, and am at last 
 beat out of the Ranks of Life, an Exile for an Egg-shell, an 
 
254 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 outcast for the value of the Breakfast of an Alderman ! 
 Believe me, after reviewing this impropitious state of Hopes 
 and Expectations, I can feel no desire of rejoining a com- 
 munity so principled, that although they will allow a Man to 
 have ' done the state some service ' he may die and be d d, 
 when he needs their assistance. If therefore I could preserve 
 the retreat I have found to my few remaining years, I would 
 chearfully close my account with mankind for ever. But 
 I fear I cannot even accomplish that. 
 
 Most truly yours 
 
 V. GREEN. 
 
 [JOHN ROBINSON TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 WYKE HOUSE, 
 DEAR SIR, ISLEWORTH, ,5'" S*r 
 
 Many thanks to you for your Letter of the 12 th Instant, 
 and for the trouble you are so good as to take about my 
 pictures. I leave it entirely to you to arrange about the 
 frames, as you see best, and shall approve whatever you do ; 
 the blank frame of my uncle D r Robinson and the frame of 
 the Old Gentleman in the Tye wig, Mr. Deane, the Father of 
 Capt n Deane, I perceive you condemn to the flames, and 
 I agree to the proposition you make about them . . . though 
 I wish to preserve the pictures in remembrance of the 
 men. 
 
 You mistake me, if you suppose me to think highly of the 
 Apotheosis of Garrick. I do not think it well done, or very 
 few of the likenesses preserved, but as I have it I would keep 
 it, and I have not another place to put it in. It was always 
 intended to put my Lord Sandwich's picture in that corner, 
 having no other place that would contain it ; however 
 when the print is got we may try if we can find a better 
 place. 
 
 I am 
 Ever most truly yours 
 
 JOHN ROBINSON. 
 
ISAAC D'ISRAELI TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 255 
 
 [THE SAME TO THE SAME.] 
 
 I3 ' h ^' l801 ' 
 
 WYKE HOUSE, 
 
 ISLEWORTH, 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 By a letter from M r Maddison I find you have met 
 but he laments that he was so dirty and so engaged in office 
 business that he could not let you see his prints &c. He 
 proposes to take you up on the 22 nd Instant and to bring you 
 down hither that we may all have a meeting here. 
 
 I have been much talked to, for not having an original of 
 the King by A. Ramsay as a companion to the Queen, 
 instead of a Copy, and when I have explained to the people 
 your most obliging offer, I have been much blamed and 
 censured for not accepting it, indeed so much so that, not- 
 withstanding the delicacy that I have had about it, I am 
 forced to again renew the subject and to say that if your 
 good intention to me still continues and that if you can most 
 assuredly make the exchange without inconvenience, I shall 
 be much obliged to you for it. 
 
 I am Dear Sir &c. 
 
 JOHN ROBINSON. 
 
 [ISAAC D'ISRAELI TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 WEDNESDAY MG. [1801 ?]. 
 
 [I] l am so unwell this morning owing to a circumstance 
 that happened last night, that I cannot even quit my Room, 
 to pay you and M rs Whitefoord my respects. My servant 
 was way-laid at the Opera door, just when [about] to quit 
 me, knocked down, and robbed of my Great Coat, which has 
 occasioned me a great cold and a little fever. 
 
 Ever yours 
 
 I. D'ISRAELI. 
 
 1 First part of the letter torn off. 
 
THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 [THOMAS POWELL TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, TOTTENHAM, 4* Feb., 180,. 
 
 If Pope's (or rather Horace's) definition of a Bard be 
 a true one, surely I may nov r claim at least a sprig of laurel 
 as my son has inform'd me that the perusal of my Don Carlos 
 disturbed your rest for two nights. I will not conceal by 
 false modesty how much such an account flatter'd me. . . . 
 When you return me my piece (to Mr. Floyer, 456, Strand) 
 do me the favour to point out its parts which do not meet 
 your approbation. I am most truly 
 
 Your's ever 
 
 THOMAS POWELL. 
 
 [J. J. COPLEY TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 GEORGE STREET, HANOVER SQUARE, 
 r^ c< ^ Feby 10, 1802. 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 Mr. Christie mentioned to me that you were much 
 disposed to promote my interest in the sale of the picture of 
 Lord Duncan's Victory, and that you would speak to Lady 
 Mary Duncan on the subject, for which I return you my most 
 sincere thanks. I should have waited on you to have thanked 
 you in person, but a sprain in my ancle will not permit me to 
 walk so far. 
 
 Should you go to Lady Mary Duncan's I should be very 
 much obliged if you will do me the favour to call in George 
 Street in your way. Lady Mary has been with me and is 
 greatly interested in the Picture and says it should be in the 
 family of Lord Duncan, and will do everything in her power 
 to that end. She promised to write yesterday to Lord 
 Duncan on the subject. I think you will have it in your 
 power to serve my interest better if I can first see you and 
 more fully explain to you her sentiments on the subject. 
 
 I am Dear Sir, 
 
 Most truly yours 
 
 J. J. COPLEY. 
 
NOEL DESENFANS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 257 
 
 [JAS. WEST TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 NEWICK PARK, NEAR VCKFIELD, 
 June 29 th , 1802. 
 
 I have the favour of your letter and am sorry you had the 
 trouble of calling so often when I was from home. I must 
 return you many thanks for your good wishes and congratula- 
 tions and am happy to assure you that I have every possible 
 prospect of a continued happiness. M ra W. l though of very 
 respectable Family and connections is by no means thefaie 
 Lady. With respect to the Pictures, I had almost forgot 
 them, but as you put them by for Me I can have no objection 
 to take them, and shall be obliged if you will send them to 
 Simpson. 
 
 P.S. I intend to be in town by the 7 th of July at No 65 
 Wimpole St. for two or three weeks, and shall be happy to 
 see you. I will call on you as soon as I get to town. 
 
 [NOEL DESENFANS 2 TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, [I802.J 
 
 Permit me, as you have on many occasions shew'n 
 me great kindness, to sollicit a very essential service from you. 
 Many painters, you know, are of opinion that I have aspers'd 
 them by my catalogue, and endeavour'd to crush the art in 
 this country, when in fact my intention was to raise it. 
 
 Will you be so good as to submit the two Pamphlets and 
 the Catalogue I now send, to the Society for the encourage- 
 ment of arts and commerce ? I beg the committee of the fine 
 arts will examine them and determine whether I had in view, 
 the rise or the downfall of Painting, and if their opinion is 
 favourable to me, it will serve to make my peace with the 
 
 1 James West married Miss Shuttleworth on June 22, 1802. 
 
 2 Picture-dealer. In his Descriptive Catalogue, London, 1802, Desenfans had 
 given great offence by his remark, ' that the professors of the art were often subject 
 to jealousy, and that mediocrity was unknown in painting.' He replied to the 
 attacks made upon him in A Letter to Benjamin West, &c., London, 1802. For 
 an account of his life vide Dictionary of National Biography. 
 
 S 
 
258 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 artists ; but Pray, let me have it soon, and mention nothing 
 of my application but to the Society. As I am now extricated 
 from many troubles, I shall have the honor of waiting on 
 you, and the pleasure of seeing your collection any day you 
 will be pleas'd to appoint, and believe me, &c. 
 
 NOEL DESENFANS. 
 
 [THOMAS BROWN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 JOHN STREET, ADELPHI, 
 MY DEAR CALEB, 25 th /#, 1803. 
 
 I was very glad to see by your letter to George this 
 morning that you had all got safe to Hastings, for thinking 
 you might have had a thunder storm to encounter, was 
 anxious to hear of you. We have not any particular news this 
 day. Nothing is thought of, but preparations for meeting 
 this strongly threaten'd Invasion. I went on Saturday with 
 Sir Andrew Hamond l to Dagenham Breach House, where we 
 pass'd a very pleasant day with Sir Rob* Preston, who gave 
 us a magnificent dinner of Turtle, &c., and all sorts of ex- 
 cellent wines : Fourteen sat down to Dinner, and M r Pitt was 
 in excellent spirits. 
 
 As a subscription was set on foot for the support of the 
 Military Association of the Parish of St. Martin's, I paid 
 in to Mr. Coutts's five Guineas for you, and five for Myself. 
 My nephew joins me in best wishes for all your family, and 
 
 I remain Ar . 
 
 Yours very anect ly 
 
 THO S BROWN. 
 
 [THOMAS COUTTS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 ILFRACOMBE, Oct. 7, 1803. 
 
 I have many thanks to return for your Political opinions. 
 I am inclined to think it a very ruinous Policy in this country 
 to carry on a merely defensive war. English ground is the 
 
 1 Sometime lieut.-governor of Nova Scotia, succeeded Sir Henry Martin as 
 Comptroller of the Navy in 1794, died Sept. 12, 1828. 
 
THE EARL OF BUCHAN TO CALEB \VHITEFOORD. 259 
 
 worst on which we can fight France, and the character of the 
 Consul is such that I suppose we must fight him some- 
 where, not that I think there is any common sense in his 
 invading England. His best plan would be for ever to make 
 us expect him but never to come. He might ruin and even 
 conquer us that way if we are govern 'd by weak inefficient 
 ministers ; but with clever men at the Helm I think we should 
 invade France, and make Foreign alliances. When ever we 
 show a little of the spirit of Lord Chatham we will have 
 allies enough. Lady Bute l writes me that they have certain 
 intelligence of their intention to land in Glamorganshire. 
 A friend of mine at Newcastle writes me the invasion will be 
 there. They are expected at Edinburgh and even at Inver- 
 ness, and we hear of constant threat'ning by every foreign 
 mail ; meanwhile we are overwhelm'd with expence, and 
 France is at none at all. I was mentioning here that you 
 was about building a house near Hastings. Lady Guilford 
 observ'd that she was there last year and thought it a pretty 
 situation. M rs Coutts advised that you should have a care of 
 allowing sea sand to be used in the mortar as no time ever 
 drys it, w ch she knows by experience. 
 
 [THE EARL OF BUCHAN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 DEAR SIR, El)R - March J 9> l8 4- 
 
 Being unable from defect of sight to prosecute my 
 studies as heretofore, I have sett myself to arrange the whole 
 of my correspondence on literary subjects and to interweave 
 it with the history of literature and the fine arts during the 
 last century. 
 
 For this purpose I am diligently seeking for characteristic 
 and curious letters of the learned or of eminent artists of our 
 Scotland, and ask your assistance in this interesting pursuit. 
 You are a veteran, and a truly respectable veteran, in the 
 department which at present occupies my attention. You 
 must I think have preserved many letters from Italy which 
 must bear on the points of my enquiry from Hamilton, Byres, 
 
 1 Frances, second daughter of Thomas Coutts, Lord Bute's second wife. 
 
 S 2 
 
260 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 Rivier (?), More, Allan, and others, and may help me to others 
 by making my wishes known to the lovers of the Fine Arts 
 in your intelligent circle. 
 
 Your active life embraces a Nestorian period of information 
 in literature and particularly in the fine arts, and by impart- 
 ing to me such epistolary communications as may have 
 passed either between yourself and other learned and accom- 
 plished men in Italy or in other parts you may enrich a remote 
 age and at the same [time] give pleasure to Dear Sir 
 Your obliged humble servant 
 
 BUCHAN. 
 
 I beg to [be] remember'd with esteem to M M Whytefoord 
 and to my little friend the polygraphic Whitefoord, who 
 I hope may prove a second Caleb in his mind as well as in 
 the outward form. My friend Robert Trotter, Esq r at Ed r 
 will forward to me y r communications or they will be trans- 
 mitted by my other respectable friend Sir John Sinclair. 
 
 [Sm GEORGE SANDILANDS TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, NUT HlLL > X 5 th May, 1805. 
 
 Give me leave to introduce to your notice and pro- 
 tection M r David Wilkie J , a young Artist who proposes to 
 spend some time in London in the prosecution of those 
 studies, and the improvement of those talents, that have 
 already brought him into some notice in this his native land 
 
 1 ' Someone desirous to do a good turn to David when he came first to town, 
 gave him a note to Caleb [Whitefoord], who, struck with his very youthful look, 
 inquired how old he was. " Really now," said the artist, with the hesitation he 
 bestowed on most questions. "Ha ! " exclaimed Caleb ; " introduce a man to me 
 who knows not how old he is ! " and regarded him with that dubious look which 
 is the chief charm of the picture [Wilkie's Letter of Introduction]. This was in 
 his mind when he formed the resolution to paint the subject ; and Caleb and his 
 well-arranged bookcase, little folding desk, bundles of papers regularly labelled, 
 sword suspended from a nail in the wall to mark his gentle descent, for he was 
 a Whitefoord of that ilk ; and a china jar to mark the man of vertu on the floor, 
 sat, as I may say, for his portrait. We have only to add a lad with a country air, 
 who has presented the letter, and the old man to whom it is addressed turning 
 half round in his chair while breaking the seal, and eyeing the other with a look 
 of doubt and suspicion, in which a dog is seen to join with all the intelligence of 
 its master.' [Cunningham's Life of Wilkie, i. 384.] 
 
GENERAL VALLANCY TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 26 1 
 
 and which I can not help believing will with proper culture 
 raise him to eminence. 
 
 M r Wilkie is the son of a most respectable clergyman in 
 this country well known in the literary world for his Mathe- 
 matical knowledge. I need not solicit your good offices in 
 behalf of this young and unprotected adventurer because 
 I well know the pleasure you have ever felt in befriending 
 merit. 
 
 With best respects and good wishes to M re Whitefoord, 
 Believe me ever my dear Sir 
 
 Yours faithfully, 
 
 GEO: SANDILANDS. 
 
 [GENERAL VALLANCY TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 g IR DUBLIN SOCIETY, 24 June, 1805. 
 
 I am honored with your letter of the io th inst. contain- 
 ing the strong and pathetic address of the Subscribers in 
 favour of M r Barry. No time was lost in laying it before the 
 Dublin Society. As the members at this season are generally 
 in the country, I caused it to be printed in our minutes, that it 
 may come before them in their retreats. The merits of 
 M r Barry are well known to most of them, and it is to be 
 lamented that though the seeds of the fine arts, seminated in 
 this country, will vigorously rise above ground, yet if not 
 immediately transplanted into British soil, they soon wither 
 and decay. 
 
 At our next meeting on n th July the letter will be read 
 again, agreeable to our rules, which I hope will be more 
 numerously attended than the last. We shall then adjourn to 
 November, when I hope to find that the address has been 
 energetick. A copy of the minutes of last meeting is 
 enclosed. 
 
 I have the honor to be, Sir 
 
 Your most obedient most humble serv* 
 
 CH. VALLANCY. 
 
262 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 
 
 [Sm GEORGE CoLEBROOK 1 TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, BATH Uanuary, 1806.] 
 
 I should not be surprized that M r Pitt having suc- 
 ceeded so ill in his coalition on the Continent should resign. 
 But who is bold enough to take the Helm ? I hope not the 
 Doctor. Will Citizen Fox undertake it? I suppose not, 
 unless he thought there was a chance to make peace, and 
 what peace can be made, leaving the army with such a Flotilla 
 within a few Leagues of our Coast ? The news does not occa- 
 sion a Merry Christmas at Bath. M r Pitt who is here for his 
 Health, looks I am told very ill indeed. Still there are those 
 who think that the news will not turn out so very bad, as was 
 at first circulated. 
 
 I see by the newspaper that I might have had a place at 
 Nelson's funeral ; but I really should have considered myself 
 as out of my place. Knights of the Bath and Knights 
 Banerets are Military Orders. But I cannot think as much of 
 Baronets, and yet we should appear in a Military procession 
 with as much propriety as Masters in Chancery. It must be 
 a singular and awful sight, and I hope you will occupy 
 a window to see it pass. 
 
 If Matters are not quite so bad as they appeared at first, 
 and virtu, not virtue, should decline in value, I may request 
 you to lay out a sum about what you owe me for interest at 
 one of the sales, either M r Agar's or Lord Lansdowne's ; I have 
 a gap to fill up. 
 
 I remain, my dear Sir, 
 
 Your very sincere 
 
 G. COLEBROOK. 
 
 [CALEB WHITEFOORD TO GENERAL VALLANCY.] 
 <g IR LONDON, i7 th /^, 1806. 
 
 I had the Honour last Summer (as chairman of 
 M r Barry's Committee) of addressing a Letter to you, to 
 
 1 M.P. for Arundel, Chairman of the Court of Directors of the East India Com- 
 pany, Fellow of the Antiquarian Society, &c., died Aug. 5, 1809. 
 
THE EARL OF BUCHAN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 263 
 
 be laid before the Dublin Society, in favour of that very 
 eminent and meritorious artist. From the very handsome and 
 obliging manner, in which you follow'd up the wishes of 
 M r Barry's Friends in this Country, I persuade myself it will 
 be satisfactory to you to be inform'd, that an Annuity of .120 
 has been provided for his life by the Transfer of 4000 3 per 
 Cent, reduced Annuities, into the Names of proper Trustees for 
 that purpose. The price paid for the same was ^"1000, to 
 which the Subscription here was not quite adequate ; but the 
 small deficiency of about 35 has been, for the present, 
 supplied. 
 
 Whatever may have been the result of your friendly Appli- 
 cation to the Dublin Society, those who have interested them- 
 selves on the subject here, will feel the Politeness with which 
 their communication has been treated ; and are well assured 
 of your Readiness to advise them on anything you may deem 
 material, towards accomplishing so desirable an object, as the 
 securing a comfortable Provision for a man of real Genius, and 
 extraordinary merit, who has exerted his great talents to adorn 
 the Capital, and who reflects much Honor and Credit on the 
 country that gave him birth. &c. 
 
 CALEB WHITEFOORD. 
 
 [THE EARL OF BUCHAN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, V*\ April 24* 1806. 
 
 As you are the Father of our Dilletanti now in Britain, 
 and my Fellow Mundellran, so as the companion of Garrick 
 and the associate of so many men of the very salt of the earth 
 who were dear to my youth I send you this letter by the hands 
 of a worthy man and a good artist, M r George Walker of 
 Edinburgh, whose beautiful Landscapes of Scottish scenery 
 you have probably seen at our friend M r Nicol's x in Pall 
 Mall. 
 
 M r Walker, well qualified for the design, at my request has 
 undertaken to give us a Descriptive Catalogue of our British 
 
 1 George Nicol. 
 
264 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 chefs d'oeuvres of the ancient schools of Painting in Italy and 
 Flanders, a work which the Dilletanti have long desiderated. 
 
 Do, my worthy friend, afford M r Walker your best counsel in 
 this arduous undertaking and go with him sometimes to open 
 doors that may be rusty on their hinges. With kind comp ts 
 to M rs Whytefoord accept ot the assurances of my continued 
 regard. BUCHAN. 
 
 [SIR JOHN SINCLAIR TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 LONDON, 20 May, 1806. 
 
 Sir John Sinclair presents his compliments to Mr. White- 
 ford and has the pleasure of sending him the sketch of a dra- 
 matic scene from Ossian, which places in a new point of view 
 the merits of that great Poet. It is impossible to suppose that 
 James Macpherson could have any hand in the Composition oT 
 such verses, and the proof which Sir John Sinclair has recently 
 collected 1 regarding the authenticity of Ossian puts that matter 
 out of all doubt. 
 
 [GEORGE WALKER TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 163, NEW BOND STREET, 
 MY DEAR SIR, I2 >^> I8 6 - 
 
 If my gratitude and sensibility have been often raised 
 by the marked and kind attention received in consequence of 
 your Friend Lord Buchan's good offices with some of the most 
 respectable characters in this country, you will I hope believe 
 that the obligations I am under to your goodness were of all 
 others the more gratifying to my feelings as an Artist by the 
 frankness with which you were pleased to shew me your valu- 
 able collection of original pictures 2 by the most esteemed old 
 Masters, of which those by Correggio, Titian and Albano are 
 beyond all praise. As it is very probable I may not have 
 another opportunity of paying my respects to you previous to 
 
 1 Published in his Dissertation on the authenticity of Ossian's poems ; prefixed 
 to Ossian s works. London, 1807. 8 ?0 . 
 
 3 Vide the Catalogue printed in the Appendix. 
 
LADY ANNE FORTESCUE TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 265 
 
 my leaving Town I request you will do me the Honour to 
 accept of the enclosed as a remembrance of our Cairngorm 
 Mountains and of the sincere esteem with which I am 
 My dear Sir 
 
 Your greatly obliged Hb le serv* 
 GEO. WALKER. 
 
 [SiR JOHN SINCLAIR TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 5 TERRACE, 
 
 PALACE YARD, 
 
 WESTMINSTER, 
 
 MY DEAR SIR, 26 > / * l806 - 
 
 I enclose a facsimile copy of the letter you have certified, 
 the authenticity of which, as the handwriting of the late James 
 Macpherson, cannot be questioned. I also enclose the conclu- 
 sion of my Dissertation on the authenticity of Ossian, which 
 I am persuaded you will peruse with pleasure. 
 
 I am obliged to set out for Scotland on Sunday morning, and 
 regret much that I cannot have the pleasure of a conversation 
 with you on so interesting a subject before I set out, but 
 M r Vigne, Chief Clerk at the Board of Agriculture, will occa- 
 sionally call on you, and will put down all that you think 
 material regarding the authenticity. 
 
 I remain, Faithfully yours 
 
 JOHN SINCLAIR. 
 
 N.B. M r Vigne will give you a copy of a collection of 
 Papers on athletic exercises, which contains some interesting 
 particulars. 
 
 [LADY ANNE FORTESCUE l TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 SUNDAY, Aug. 24 th [1806]. 
 
 I believe you will be glad to hear from me ; and I am 
 very sure I shall be glad to hear that you and the cara 
 sposa, and your little ones are well. I bore the journey (hot 
 as the weather was) better than I expected after my long and 
 
 1 Widow of Matthew, second Baron Fortescue. 
 
266 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 painful confinement ; and am now enjoying the sea breezes, 
 beyond what I can describe. Our Prince and M rs Fitz 
 went from hence last week, and are not expected to return 
 in less than six weeks. I go sometimes into the Library, 
 and hear the Politicians talking over their newspapers ; but as 
 I am not the Painter's Daughter (Polly Titian) I am not 
 much the wiser. I understand, however, that we are not to 
 expect Peace: indeed I cannot conceive it possible to make 
 a good peace with Beelzebub's favourite son. 
 
 [LORD SANDWICH TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 HlNCHINBROOK, 
 
 DEAR SIR, s **r l6th > lSo6 - 
 
 It will be very acceptable (if this letter should be so 
 fortunate as to find you in town) to have a line of the news at 
 this time in London and what the death of M r Fox is likely 
 
 to occasion to the politicians. . 
 
 I am, dear Sir, &c. 
 
 SANDWICH. 
 
 [ANDREW WILSON TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 3, COCKSPUR STREET, 
 
 DEAR SIR, I0 M y> l8 7- 
 
 Convinced that you will forgive the liberty I am going 
 to take I venture to solicit your friendly interest in my favor, 
 and if you will kindly undertake to manage the business for 
 me I am certain of success, for I know no person so likely to 
 carry such a project through from the general acquaintance 
 you have among the men of taste. 
 
 You will have been informed of the issue of the sale which 
 has produced nothing ; I regret now but 'tis too late that I did 
 not put it off when such an occurrence as the Dissolution of 
 Parliament was made known. I feel it hard to have such 
 a capital embarked without any immediate prospect of realiz- 
 ing even a small part unless in the manner I mean to propose, 
 for any other attempt would be sacrificing Works of the first 
 
THE EARL OF BUCHAN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 267 
 
 excellence and calculated to give eclat to the first collections 
 in this country, . . . 
 
 I wish to dispose of the Brazen Serpent by Rubens in the 
 same manner as the death of Lord Chatham by Copley was 
 sold. With this no doubt you will be acquainted. 20 gentle- 
 men at 100 guineas each took shares and drew cuts or in 
 some such way determined who should have the Picture. 
 
 For a work such as the Rubens I should hope that in good 
 hands there would be little difficulty in obtaining 20 sub- 
 scribers, for 100 guineas could be no great object to any noble- 
 man or gentleman who had so great a chance of possessing such 
 a Picture. There would in asking a gentleman to take a share 
 be a necessity of stating what I could not do and which 
 would come with greater effect from a friend. . . . 
 I am, Dear Sir 
 Respectfully 
 
 Your Ob* and Hum 1 ' 10 Ser* 
 ANDREW WILSON. 
 
 [THE EARL OF BUCHAN TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 MY DEAR SIR, EDINBURGH,/. 19*'', 1808. 
 
 I remember you always with much regard and on the 
 thirtieth I shall do myself the pleasure to give you for my 
 School-boy Toast at the Anniversary of Mundell's Scholars. 
 I send you this Letter by the hand of M r Andrew Wilson, 
 Landscape painter in Water Colours, an art now brought 
 among us to a very high degree of perfection, greater I believe 
 than anywhere in the World. M r Wilson has great merit in 
 this Art and he is a person of Taste and Judgment in the 
 Fine Art of painting in general. I recommend him to your 
 attention and wish you to promote his success. He in 
 partnership with other gentlemen bought the choice Balbi 
 collection of pictures at Genoa, some of the finest of which he 
 has still to dispose of, particularly a first rate Ecce Homo by 
 Sir Anthony Vandyke from which Vandyke took his Etching 
 which is probably in your Portfolio. 
 
268 THE WHITEFOORD PAPERS. 
 
 He has also two very good Claudes which I recommend to 
 your notice. The fine Arts begin to flourish in Scotland and 
 I take some degree of Pride in having been among the first 
 to promote them. We think of having an annual Exhibition 
 of the works of our Artists here and propose to purchase the 
 house and Hall used by Burrel for shewing his Museum of 
 National rarities, for that purpose. We have Wilkie now at 
 the head of his department even in England, and Saunders in 
 his ; we have in James Howe, who was sent by me to paint the 
 King's cream coloured Charger and the Queen's favourite old 
 Spaniel Fanny, a second Stubbs in Embryo ; and Watson in 
 Portrait, Carse in Village Scenery, Weir in poetical subjects 
 and Henning in modelling are all of them worthy of particular 
 notice and approbation. In Sculpture for domestic decoration 
 we have Marshall but no Flaxman or Canova. The excellent 
 Bonomi will show you an admirable statement of the Death 
 and Burial of the elegant and unfortunate Angelica Kauff- 
 man transmitted to him by .... Mich. Angelo Borsi which 
 I recommend to y r perusal as extremely interesting. With 
 my compliments to M rs Whitefoord and best wishes for the 
 health and continuance of your Family I have the pleasure to 
 subscribe myself, Dear Sir, your ancient friend 
 
 and obliged h ble serv* 
 
 BUCHAN. 
 
 [SIR JOHN MACPHERSON TO CALEB WHITEFOORD.] 
 
 FARM NEAR TUNBRIDGE WELLS, 
 MY DEAR SIR, 26 Decemb ^ I8 9- 
 
 I have received your two Letters on the subject of the 
 Business of M r King : I have two long and very Explanatory 
 Letters from him. All I wish is, in the spirit of our Early 
 and invariable Friendship, and of my wishes to be of use to 
 an involved connection, and in the spirit of the holy worthy 
 M r Abraham Goldmid's wishes to be of some use in arrang- 
 ing the Business in question, and if possible, to your best 
 realisable speedy advantage and to the Relief of M r King. 
 I shall write to you again when I hear from him for I have 
 
SIR JOHN MACPHERSON TO CALEB WHITEFOORD. 269 
 
 put the Question to him home upon that Basis of Arrange- 
 ment. 
 
 Do drop me, my still-Juvenile Friend, a few words inde- 
 pendently of Franks if they are not at your Elbow yes, 
 about your Health and Occupations but above all about my 
 fair Friend M r8 Whitefoord, who has so effectually fulfilled my 
 early Recommendation to her of your Health : write more 
 particularly about the dear Children : say how they are 
 coming on. 
 
 Sir James and his good Lady(M rs Whitefoord's fair Friend) 
 were lately here, and I saw much of them. No Gemini have, 
 as yet, risen there, as in your Family!! But they are happy, 
 and that is a double Blessing, yea 1 greater than the double 
 Ducal-Titles expected would prove. Still I wish those Titles 
 to follow, and afterwards, if you give your Twin-Secret, who 
 knows what may follow? His Grace in future acknowledges 
 that you renovated his Health by your Instruction of moving 
 his arms. You will, I fear, add that for the Gemini you must 
 speak like the Virgilian Poet of real Inspiration ; yes not of 
 the " arma virumque cano." 
 
 Now Puns aside I beg of you to be calm, my dear Calyheate- 
 Youth, and to reflect, as you made a King my Godson so 
 were I to fail in this negotiation of Peace and order after my 
 successes in Maratha, in Pilnitz and 
 
 JOHN MACPHERSON. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 A Catalogue of ... Chiefly Italian Pictures and choice 
 specimens of ... Sir Joshua Reynolds : the genuine 
 Property of the late Caleb Whitefoord, Esq., F.R. and 
 A.S. Dec., &c. which will be sold by auction, (by order 
 of the executors,) by M r Christie, on the premises, No. 
 28, Argyll Street, on Friday the 4 th of May, 1810, and 
 following day. 
 
 FIRST DAY'S SALE. 
 
 Friday, May 4 th , 1810. 
 
 Lanfranco .... I The Virgin and Child. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds. . . 2 A sketch of Kitty Fisher as Danae. 
 
 A. Veronese .... 3 The Judgement of Paris. 
 
 Joseph 4 The Welcome Messenger. 
 
 Guercino 5 Lucretia. 
 
 R. Mengs .... 6 A Study for two Angels in the St. Jerome of 
 
 Correggio. 
 
 Carravaggio .... 7 A Portrait. 
 
 Albano 8 Venus and Cupid. 
 
 Mola 9 Jupiter and Leda. 
 
 Correggio 10 The Virgin and Child, in circles, after. 
 
 Tintoretto .... 1 1 Venus in a Landscape. 
 
 Carracci 12 Jupiter and Leda, after. 
 
 Correggio 13 Venus, Cupid and Satyr, after. 
 
 Lairesse 14 Venus with Cupids. 
 
 Fragonard ....15 Venus sleeping. 
 
 Ostade 16 A Dutch Boor and companion. 
 
 Murillo 17 The Adoration of the Shepherds. 
 
 Vanderwerf .... 18 Venus and Cupid. 
 
 S. Ricci . . ... . 19 Bacchus and Ariadne. 
 
 Primaticcio .... 20 The Three Graces. 
 
 Carracci 21 Salmacis and Hermaphroditus. 
 
 Singleton 22 Uncle Toby's Visit to Le Fevre,/r0/ Sterne. 
 
 Mola 23 Venus in a Landscape. 
 
 Trevisani 24 The Entombing of Christ. 
 
 Correggio 25 Jupiter and 16, after. 
 
 Mola 26 Venus in a Landscape. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 A. Durer 27 Adam and Eve. 
 
 Schidone 28 The Holy Family. 
 
 F. Hals 29 A Sketch of a Female Figure and a head. 
 
 Albano 30 Venus and Cupids, L. Giordano, and a ditto. 
 
 Jan Miel 31 A Landscape with Sportsmen. 
 
 Domenichino ... 32 An Allegorical, style of. 
 
 Boucher 33 Diana bathing, in a Landscape. 
 
 Carracci 34 St John in a Landscape. 
 
 Zuccarelli 35 Venus with Cupids. 
 
 Ag. Carracci ... 36 Bacchus and Ariadne. 
 
 Liberi 37 Danae. 
 
 Velasquez 38 A Portrait. 
 
 Solimeni 39 Mars and Venus. 
 
 Carracci ..... 40 Cupid extracting a thorn from the Foot of 
 
 Venus. 
 
 Correggio 41 A fine copy of the celebrated Notte. 
 
 L. Giordano .... 42 Venus and Cupid. 
 
 Carracci 43 The Virgin and Child. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds. . . 44 A Study for the Head of David. 
 
 C. Maratti .... 45 The Virgin, Child, and St John in a Land- 
 scape. 
 
 Carracci 46 Venus and Cupids in a Landscape. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds ... 47 The Madona and Child. 
 
 C. Maratti .... 48 The Nativity, engraved. 
 
 Rottenhamer ... 49 The Reposo in a Landscape. 
 
 Vandyck 50 The Judgement of Paris, on copper. 
 
 Rubens 51 Bathsheba. 
 
 Rottenhamer ... 52 The Judgement of Paris. 
 
 Carracci 53 The Triumph of Venus. 
 
 C. Maratti .... 54 Bathsheba. 
 
 N. Poussin .... 55 Venus and Cupid. 
 
 Carracci 56 The Holy Family. 
 
 Correggio 57 The Marriage of St Catharine, style of. 
 
 Cosway 58 Rinaldo and Armida. 
 
 Vandyck 59 The Countess of Carlisle. 
 
 Hoppner 60 Venus and Cupid. 
 
 Ann. Carracci . . . 6l The Virgin, Child, and St John. 
 
 Carracci 62 Andromeda. 
 
 Carracci 63 A Portrait, Tintoretto ; and Christ carrying 
 
 his Cross. 
 
 Hogarth 64 Falstaff and his companions. 
 
 Titian 65 Venus rising from the Sea, and the Three 
 
 Graces, after. 
 
 Correggio 66 Venus and Cupid, and Jupiter and Antiope, 
 
 after. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds ... 67 Portrait of Lady Maynard. 
 
 Vandyck 68 A spirited Portrait of Lord Strafford. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds. . . 69 Portrait of Sir T. Mills. 
 
 Ditto 70 Lady Mills. 
 
 Tintoretto .... 71 The Holy Family. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds. . . 72 A spirited sketch, the first design for the 
 
 picture of Macbeth. 
 
 C. Maratti .... 73 Venus and Cupid. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds. . . 74 Portrait of Hugh Seton, and a copy after 
 
 Guido. 
 
 Albano 75 Salmacis and Hermaphroditus. 
 
272 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds. 
 
 C. D'Arpino . . 
 Sir J. Reynolds . 
 Titian . . . , 
 Titian . 
 
 Guido , 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds . . . 
 
 Ditto 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds . . . 
 Paduanino . . . . 
 Sir J. Reynolds . . . 
 
 Cangiagio . . . . 
 Sir J. Reynolds . . . 
 P. Farinati . . . . 
 
 Guercino 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds . . . 
 
 Correggio 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds . . . 
 
 Barry 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds . . . 
 Schiavone . . . . 
 
 Correggio 
 
 C. Maratti and S. di 
 
 Pesaro 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds . . . 
 
 Albano 
 
 Doraenichino . . . 
 
 Vanni 
 
 Ag. Carracci .... 
 Domenichino . . . 
 Vandyck and Rubens 
 
 Guido 
 
 Carracci 
 
 V. Castelli . . 
 Palma .... 
 C. Dolce . . . 
 Guido .... 
 Ditto .... 
 West 
 
 Guercino 
 Guido . 
 Solimeni 
 
 76 Portrait of Sir J. Reynolds when a youth, 
 
 and a Portrait of an Officer. 
 
 77 Glaucus and Sylla. 
 
 - 78 Portrait of Major Yeo. 
 
 79 The Nativity. 
 
 80 The Virgin and Child with St Francis, 
 
 a cabinet picture. 
 
 8 1 Cupid Sleeping. 
 
 82 Two Portraits of Officers. 
 
 83 The Triumph of Venus. 
 
 84 A Portrait of Lady Delaware. 
 
 85 Adam and Eve. 
 
 86 A Portrait of Commodore Biron and a ditto 
 
 of Col. Wynyard. 
 
 87 Venus with Cupids in a Landscape. 
 
 88 A Portrait of the late Lord Grosvenor. 
 
 89 The Holy Family with St Catharine and St 
 
 Sebastian in a Landscape. 
 
 90 The Virgin and Child with Cardinal Borromeo. 
 
 91 A Portrait of Oliver Goldsmith. 
 
 92 Danae, after. 
 
 93 Portrait of Col. Dow. 
 
 94 St George in a Landscape. 
 
 95 A Portrait of M rs Nesbitt, whole length. 
 
 96 Two whole length Allegorical figures. 
 
 97 The Virgin and Child. 
 
 The Holy Family in a Landscape, and com- 
 
 98 panion. 
 
 99 Dr. Armstrong. 
 
 100 The Holy Family in a Landscape. 
 
 101 Venus in a Landscape. 
 
 102 The Virgin and Child. 
 
 103 The Magdalen in a Landscape. 
 
 104 The Flight of Eneas. 
 
 105 Venus with Satyrs in a Landscape. 
 
 1 06 The Madona and Child. 
 
 107 The Virgin and Child, C. Maratti ; and 
 
 a Ditto. 
 
 1 08 The Rape of the Sabines. 
 
 109 The Temptation of Eve. 
 no A Magdalen in a Landscape. 
 
 111 St Catharine. 
 
 112 Europa. 
 
 113 Venus and Adonis with Cupids in a Land- 
 
 scape. 
 
 114 The Virgin, Child, and St Catharine. 
 
 115 Adam and Eve departing from Paradise. 
 
 116 Joseph and Potiphar's Wife. 
 
 End of the First Dafs Sale. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 273 
 
 Rottenhamer . 
 
 Mutiano . . 
 
 Carracci . . 
 
 Paduanino . . 
 
 Vandyck . . 
 
 Mengs . . . 
 
 Carracci . . 
 
 8 Tintoretto . . 
 
 9 V. Castelli . . 
 
 10 P. Veronese . 
 "Titian . . . 
 12 N. Poussin 
 15 Lanfranco . . 
 14 Zuccarelli . . 
 ] * Correggio . . 
 
 16 Brauwer . . 
 Lanfranco . . 
 Schidone . . 
 Le Sueur . . 
 
 P. delVaga . 
 
 Carracci . . 
 
 Bonifaccio . . 
 
 Rembrandt . 
 
 Frangonard . 
 
 V. Castelli. . 
 
 17 A. Veronese . 
 
 18 G. Hamilton . 
 A. Balestra . 
 Titian . . . 
 Salviati . . . 
 Titian . . . 
 Schidone . . 
 Baroccio . . 
 
 Schiavone . . 
 
 Zuccarelli . . 
 
 Titian . . . 
 
 Bassan . . . 
 
 Vandyck . . 
 
 Ag. Carracci . 
 
 Raphael . . 
 
 Liberi . . . 
 
 L. Giordano . 
 Sir J. Reynolds 
 
 SECOND DAY'S SALE. 
 Saturday, May 5 th , 1810. 
 
 I Lot and his Daughters. 
 
 2. St Jerome. 
 
 3 Venus with Cupids in a Landscape. 
 
 4 The Virgin and Child. 
 
 5 A fine copy of the celebrated picture of 
 
 Govartius. 
 
 6 Cupid trying his dart, after Correggio. 
 
 7 Venus, Satyr, and Cupid. 
 
 8 The Visitation of the Virgin. 
 
 9 The Marriage of St Catharine. 
 
 10 The Presentation in the Temple. 
 
 1 1 The Marriage of St Catharine, after. 
 
 12 Cupid on a Dolphin. 
 
 13 The Assumption of the Virgin. 
 
 14 A View in Italy with Figures. 
 
 1 5 A Study of a Satyr's head. 
 
 16 A Dutch boor taking Medicine. 
 
 17 The Assumption of the Virgin. 
 
 1 8 A Pair of Studies of Children with Fruit. 
 
 19 Christ appearing to the Maries, and com- 
 
 panion. 
 
 20 St Jerome. 
 
 21 St Francis with the Virgin and Child. 
 
 22 The Nativity. 
 
 23 A Head. 
 
 24 Danae, and companion. 
 
 25 Herod's Cruelty. 
 
 26 The Holy Family. 
 
 27 Venus and Cupid. 
 
 28 Diana and Actaeon. 
 
 29 Danae, after. 
 
 30 Venus with Satyr and Cupids. 
 
 31 Portrait of a Venetian Nobleman. 
 
 32 The Reposo in a Landscape. 
 
 33 The Marriage of St Catharine, after Cor- 
 
 reggio. 
 
 34 The Woman taken in Adultery. 
 
 35 The Virgin, Child, and St John. 
 
 36 Portrait of a Doge. 
 
 37 Diana in a Landscape. 
 
 38 A Portrait of Lady Ann Cavendish. 
 
 39 Venus with Cupids in a Landscape. 
 
 40 The Triumph of Venus, after. 
 
 41 The Three Graces. 
 
 42 Venus, Cupid, and Satyr. 
 
 43 St Cecilia, style of. 
 
 1 Sold for 3 3-r. {pencil note on Catalogue'}. a 5 $s. [#.]. 
 * 7 5 s - [?] * 7 [#] J o ji6 9f. [#.]. 
 
 12 7 6s. [lij. l3 11 i ij. LAI " isf. Id. *1 w 
 
 16 ^20 2f. [#.]. 17 7 25. [ib.~\. l I 2f. 
 
 * $ 5*. [#.]. 
 7 $ a*. 
 
 5 5 s. 
 
274 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds . . 44 
 
 Baroccio .... 45 
 
 Guido 46 
 
 Albano 47 
 
 Carracci .... 48 
 
 Sir Joshua Reynolds 49 
 
 Guido 50 
 
 Rembrandt ... 51 
 
 Palma 
 S. Farratti .... 
 Correggio .... 
 P. Mattea .... 
 Parmegiano . . . 
 Raphael .... 
 F. Halls . . . 
 Mola 
 
 52 
 53 
 54 
 
 it 
 
 57 
 58 
 cq 
 
 Correggio .... 
 
 & 
 
 61 
 
 A. Carracci . . . 
 Titian . . . 
 
 62 
 61 
 
 E. Sarani .... 
 2 Sir J. Reynolds . . 
 
 Domenichino . . . 
 Ditto 
 
 64 
 65 
 
 66 
 
 67 
 
 Albano ... 
 
 68 
 
 3 Baroccio .... 
 4 Sir J. Reynolds . . 
 S. Farratti .... 
 5 Sir J. Reynolds . . 
 6 Giorgione .... 
 
 7 Sir J. Reynolds . . 
 8 Tintoretto .... 
 
 69 
 70 
 
 71 
 72 
 
 73 
 
 74 
 
 7S 
 
 9 Sir J. Reynolds 
 
 10 Correggio . . 
 C. Cignani. . 
 Albano . . . 
 Murillo . . . 
 Teniers . . . 
 Albano . . . 
 
 76 
 
 77 
 78 
 
 79 
 80 
 81 
 82 
 
 Portrait of His Majesty, style of. 
 
 The Nativity. 
 
 A study for the head of Apollo. 
 
 The Holy Family. 
 
 Bacchus and Ariadne. 
 
 Charity. 
 
 A capital portrait of Guido. 
 
 A study for the picture of Christ among the 
 
 Doctors. 
 
 Susannah and the Elders. 
 The Virgin at devotion. 
 The Virgin and Child. 
 Venus bound by Cupids to a Tree. 
 The Marriage of St Catharine. 
 Jupiter and Semele. 
 Portrait of himself. 
 The Reposo in a Landscape. 
 Cupid shaving his Bow. 
 The Assumption of the Virgin. 
 St John in a Landscape. 
 Titian's Mistress. 
 The Assumption of the Virgin. 
 A small whole length portrait of the Duke of 
 
 Cumberland. 
 A Madonna. 
 
 The Mother of the Cenci. 
 The Reposo. 
 The Holy Family. 
 A half-length portrait of C. Barry. 
 The Madonna's Head. 
 A half-length portrait of Foote. 
 The Judgement of Paris, . . . from the Orleans 
 
 Collection. 
 
 Portrait of Macpherson the Poet. 
 The Vestal Tutia running with the Sieve, to 
 
 prove her Chastity. 
 A Study for the celebrated portrait of Sir 
 
 Joshua Reynolds in the Florence Gallery. 
 A fine copy of the St Jerome. 
 Charity. 
 
 The Reposo in a Landscape. 
 St John with a Lamb. 
 A Magdalen at Devotion, a Pasticci. 
 Diana and Endymion n . 
 
 I Sold for j30 5^. (?) [pencil note on Catalogue}. a 20 [#.]. 
 
 9 73-y. Sri. [#.]. 10 2gs. [#.]. 
 
 II In the margin : 
 
 s. d. s. d. 
 
 31 10 o 73 o o 
 10 6 3 13 o 
 
 32 o 6 ?6 13 o 
 ^108 13 6 
 
 3 6os. 
 
 8 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 Baroccio 83 The Nativity. 
 
 Guercino 84 Venus and Adonis. 
 
 Rubens 85 Head of Christ. This capital picture formerly 
 
 adorned the Jesuit Church at Paris. 
 
 Titian 86 The Virgin and Child. 
 
 S. Ricci 87 Bacchus and Ariadne. 
 
 Guercino 88 The Reposo in a Landscape. 
 
 P. Veronese .... 89 Mars and Venus. 
 
 Albano 90 Venus with Cupid. 
 
 Parmegiano .... 91 Pan instructing a Faun. 
 
 Schidone 92 Holy Family. 
 
 G. Bassani . . . . 93 Susannah and the Elders. 
 
 Correggio .... 94 The Reposo in a Landscape, in circle ; this 
 
 capital picture was from the Udney collec- 
 tion. 
 
 Titian ...... 95 A portrait of Ig. Loyala. 
 
 A. Carracci .... 96 A Landscape, with a Satyr surprising Venus. 
 
 Correggio .... 97 The Madonna and Child. 
 
 Schidone 98 The Companion. 
 
 A. Veronese .... 99 Venus and the Graces, &c., painted on stone. 
 
 Titian 100 The Last Supper. 
 
 Mola 101 Lot and his Daughters. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds. . . 102 The celebrated Portrait of Nelly O'Bryan. 
 
 Raphael 103 The Reposo in a Landscape, circle. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds . . .104 A Portrait of a Boy. 
 
 Correggio 105 A fine study for the celebrated picture of the 
 
 Marriage of St Catharine. 
 
 Guercino 106 Joseph and Potiphar's Wife. 
 
 Sir J. Reynolds ... 107 A capital half-length portrait of Sir J. Stuart. 
 
 L. Caracci . . . .108 The Virgin and Child. 
 
 Guido 109 Anthony and Cleopatra. 
 
 Correggio no The Adoration of the Magi. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 T 2 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Abercorn, Earl of. See Hamilton. 
 Abercromby, Sir Robert, 25, 26. 
 Aberdeen, 53, 54, 56, 65, 79, 82, 87, 88, 
 
 93, 94, 144- 
 Abyssinia, 159. 
 Achinenie, 191. 
 Acri, 157, 158. 
 Adams, Paul, 147, 103. 
 Adams and Co., 155. 
 Adelphi, the, 162, 181, 223, 248; 
 
 Tavern, 171. 
 Adlnroun, 107, 108. 
 Adolphus, John, 249 ; Mrs., 249 ; letter 
 
 from, to Mrs. Caleb Whitefoord, 249. 
 Agar, Mr., 262. 
 Agoas Santas, 138, 139. 
 Aileway, Mrs., 222. 
 Alba Flor, 5. 
 Aleppo, 157, 160. 
 Alexandria, 159. 
 Algiers, 158. 
 Ali Bey, 156-9. 
 Allan, 260. 
 Allen, Bennet, 173; letter from, to 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 173. 
 Alva, Lord. See Erskine. 
 America, 126; treaty with, 180, 182, 
 
 185, 190, 193 sqq., 197, aoo-2; 
 
 anecdotes of the negotiations, 1 87. 
 American Independence, Declaration of, 
 
 189. 
 American Philosophical Society, the, 
 
 210, 211. 
 Amobrie, 52. 
 Ancram, Lord, 102. 
 Anderson, Captain, 66. 
 Anderson, Edmund, 66. 
 Anderson, John, letter from, to Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 174. 
 Anglesey, 215. 
 Angus, Shire of, 66, 79 ; militia, 66. 
 
 Antigua, 117. 
 
 Antiquaries, Society of, 189, 234. 
 
 Antrobus, Edmund, 203 ; Sir, 209, 210. 
 
 Antrobus, Mr., 222, 236, 238. 
 
 Appin, 57. 
 
 Arboyne, 135, 136. 
 
 Arbuthnot, Mr., 213. . 
 
 Arbuthnot, Robert, 144. 
 
 Archer, Ensign, 66. 
 
 Argyll, 57. 
 
 Argyll's Horse, Duke of, 4. 
 
 Ariseg, 79. 
 
 Armour and Steward, 117. 
 
 Armstrong, Brigadier, 4. 
 
 Armstrong, Dr. John, 132, 148, 149; 
 
 Essays by, 148. 
 Armstrong, Mr., 9. 
 Arthur, Lieutenant, in. 
 Anmdel, 262 ; Street, 1 84. 
 Ashburnham, John, second Earl, 207. 
 Aston, William, 24. 
 Athol, 79; Duke of, 61-4, 84; men, 
 
 Aubrey, John, 146. 
 Aylesbury, 146. 
 Ayr, 40, 42. 
 
 Ayrshire Boroughs, loo ; Fencibles, 
 242. 
 
 Bacon, Anthony, 146. 
 
 Badenoch, 79. 
 
 Badham, Mr., 222. 
 
 Badmoth, 79. 
 
 Bahama Islands, 14. 
 
 Baillie, 117; John, 118. 
 
 Bakers of Aberdeen, 53. 
 
 Balbi collection of pictures, 267. 
 
 Balfour, Lieutenant Toomes, 25 ; letter 
 
 to, from Charles Whitefoord, 36. 
 Ballochmyle, 178. 
 Balmuto, Lord, 140. 
 
278 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Banalbusa, 5. 
 
 Banks, list of, which stopped payment 
 
 in 1772, 154. 
 Barbe, John, 122, 124. 
 Barcelona, 5. 
 Barker, Mr., 160. 
 Barlow, Captain Thomas, 66 ; signs 
 
 letter to prisoners at Perth, 67. 
 Barnordon, Lieutenant Gaston, 25. 
 Barois, Mons., 185. 
 Barry, actor, 133. 
 Barry, James, 248, 261-3. 
 Barry, Mrs. Spranger, 243. See Craw- 
 ford, Mrs. 
 Bate, Henry, 163. 
 Bath, 51, 187, 208, 212, 216, 232, 233, 
 
 238, 244, 262. 
 
 Beattie, James, 144; his poems, 144. 
 Beauchamp, Lord, 217. 
 Beaumarchais' Le Barbier de Seville, 
 
 164. 
 
 Beckett, Thomas, 162, 163. 
 Bedale, 226. 
 Beddoes, Dr., 236. 
 Befort, 47. 
 
 Beggars' Opera,.\he, 8. 
 Beleir, 127. 
 
 Belgrade, Siege of, 203. 
 Bell, Charles, 235. 
 Bell, John, 24. 
 Belturbet, in, 114. 
 Bengal, 165, 169, 179. 
 Benson, Lieutenant John, 25. 
 Berar, 169. 
 Berkeley Square, 171. 
 Berne, Ensign, 66. 
 Berwick, 88. 
 Besiere, Captain, 4. 
 Bhagalpur, 165. 
 Bideford, 138. 
 Billington, Mrs., 214, 222. 
 Bindley, James, 189. 
 Birch, Samuel, 25. 
 Bishop, Captain, 56. 
 Blackfriars Bridge, 176. 
 Blackheath, 116. 
 Blackrie's Disquisition on Medicines, 
 
 197. 
 
 Black Sea, the, 157. 
 Blair, Sir James Hunter. See Hunter, 
 
 James. 
 
 Blair, Mr., 2, 6. 
 Blake, Captain, 56. 
 Blakeney, 107, 108. 
 Blakesware, 34. 
 Bois de Boulogne, 207. 
 Bombay, 169, 179. 
 Bonomi, 268. 
 Booth, actor, 167. 
 Boscawen, 108; Admiral, 133. 
 
 Boulogne, 123, 124. 
 
 Bourtree Hill, Hamilton of, 42. 
 
 Boyd, Colonel Robert, 52. 
 
 Boydell, Alderman, 248. 
 
 Boyle, Robert, 235 ; Captain, 97. 
 
 Boyter, 55. 
 
 Bradshaw, T., letter from, to Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 146. 
 Braes of Mar, the, 57. 
 Bridgehouse, Cochrane of, 
 Bridges, Mrs., 223. 
 Brighton, 146. 
 Brillon, Mr., 190. 
 British Coffee House, the, 5, 8, 153, 
 
 170, 181. 
 Broadalbin, 57. 
 Brodrip, 238. 
 Brompton, artist, 176. 
 Brown, Captain (formerly lieutenant in 
 
 Cochran's Marines), 44, 45 ; letters 
 
 to, from Charles Whitefoord, 44-6. 
 Brown, Captain, of the Lincolnshire 
 
 Militia, 241, 246. 
 Brown, Charles, 49 ; letter from, to 
 
 Charles Whitefoord, 48. 
 Brown, Consul, 159. 
 Brown, Miss. See Preston, Mrs. Robert. 
 Brown, Thomas, 126, 133, 142, 144, 
 
 152, 168, 170, 175, 176, 183, 198, 
 
 199, 204, 205, 209, 222, 238, 245; 
 
 letters from ,to Caleb Whitefoord, 1 23, 
 
 I 7i J 77> 2 5 8 ; letters to, from James 
 
 Coutts, 162 ; Thomas Coutts, 238 ; 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 126, 136; and 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 1 74 ; Case of, 192- 
 
 6 ; letter to, from Basil Keith, 146. 
 Bruce, Mr., 160. 
 Bruges, 76. 
 Brummell, William, 174; letters from, 
 
 to Caleb Whitefoord, 171, 172. 
 Bruntisland, 69. 
 Buccleugh, Duke of, 167. 
 Buchan, Earl of, 140, 264; letters from, 
 
 to Caleb Whitefoord, 259, 263, 267. 
 Buckingham Gate, 223. 
 Buckinghamshire Petition, the, 146. 
 Bulkeley, Lord, 215. 
 Bulls, Bay of, 15. 
 Burdett, Charles Sedley, 216. 
 Burdett, Sir Francis, 216, 217, 220, 
 
 244. 
 
 Burdett, Lady, 244. See Coutts, Sophia. 
 Burdett, Sir Robert, 216. 
 Burke, Edmund, 149. 
 Burleigh, Captain, 35. 
 Burnet, William, 123, 124; his Age of 
 
 Dulness, 132; letter from, to Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 131. 
 Burns' Lament for James, Earl of 
 
 Glencairn, 41. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 279 
 
 Burroughs, Mr., 12. 
 
 Burton, 55; Major, in. 
 
 Bushey Park, 233. 
 
 Bushill, John, 24. 
 
 Bute, Countess of, 160, 259. See 
 
 Coutts, Frances. 
 Bute, Earl of, 148, 160, 259. 
 Buxton, 212. 
 Byng, Admiral, 49, 131. 
 Byng, Sir C., 49. 
 Byres, 259. 
 Bystander, 154. 
 
 C. 
 
 Cadell, 162. 
 
 Cadiz, Expedition to, 15. 
 
 Cadogan, Lord, 2, 81. 
 
 Caermarthen, Lord, 184. 
 
 Cairo, 157-60. 
 
 Caithness, 80. 
 
 Calais, 191. 
 
 Calcraft, Mr., 101. 
 
 Cales. See Cadiz. 
 
 Calib Bashaw, 157. 
 
 Cambric stocks, 1 2. 
 
 Cambridge, 202, 229. 
 
 Cameron, John, 24. 
 
 Camerons, the, 57. 
 
 Campbell, 57, 183. 
 
 Campbell, Allan, 66. 
 
 Campbell, Lieutenant James, 48, 49. 
 
 Campbells, the, 78, 79. 
 
 Canongate Concert Hall, the, 119. 
 
 Canova, 268. 
 
 Canso, 14. 
 
 Capitulations, 159. 
 
 Carbiston, Cathcart of, 42. 
 
 Carisbroke Castle, 99. 
 
 Carmichael, n4e Hamilton, Elizabeth, 
 Countess of Hyndford, 51. 
 
 Carmichael, James, second* Earl of 
 Hyndford, 51. 
 
 Carmichael, John, third Earl of Hynd- 
 ford, 51. 
 
 Carnarvon, 214, 215; Castle, 215. 
 
 Came, Thomas, 24. 
 
 Carnegie, Sir James, 235. 
 
 Carse, painter, 268. 
 
 Carthagena, 17, 27, 32, 44, 71. 
 
 Castello Grande, plan of, 17. 
 
 Castle Rackrent, 3. 
 
 Cathcart of Carbiston, 42. 
 
 Cathcart, Charles, eighth Lord, 2, 3, 5, 
 7, 8, 12, 14, 26, 70, 99; letter .to, 
 from Hugh Whitefoord, i ; the Earl 
 of Stair, 13; ninth Lord, 41, 116; 
 letter to, from Charles Whitefoord, 
 26. 
 
 Cathcart, Colonel, 42 ; James, 42 ; 
 James Rochead, 42 j John, 235. 
 
 Cathcart, Lady. See Sabine, Mrs. 
 Cathcart, nee Rochead, Magdalen, 42. 
 Chambers, John, 24. 
 Chambre, Major, 21. 
 Chapel Street, 227, 228. 
 Chapter Coffee House, 223. 
 Charles, Prince of Lorraine, 45, 47. 
 Charles Edward, Prince, 60-2, 65, 66 ; 
 
 his declaration with regard to the 
 
 prisoners, 59, 61. 
 Charles Street, 171. 
 Chatham, 28, 49, 70; description of, 
 
 33; Yard, 48. 
 Cheam, 203. 
 Cheape, Mrs., 163. 
 Chelsea, 24. 
 Cheltenham, 204, 214, 223, 253; 
 
 Theatre, 222. 
 Chesterfield, Earl of, 116. 
 Chisms of Strathglase, 57. 
 Cholmley, Mr., 227. 
 Christ Church, 209. 
 Christie, 236, 270. 
 Gibber, 167. 
 Cinna, 154. 
 Ciudadella, 2, 6, 8, 9. 
 Clandestine Marriage, the, 167. 
 Clanronald, 57. 
 Clare Hall, 202. 
 Clark, William, 34. 
 Clarke, Mr., 33. 
 Claude, 268. 
 Claythorn, 43. 
 
 Clayton, Lieutenant-Colonel, 56. 
 Cleland, Lieutenant James, 25. 
 Clerk, Mr., 8. 
 Clifton, 236. 
 
 Clongall, Hamilton of, 42. 
 Cluny, 57. 
 
 Cochran, Captain, 56. 
 Cochran, Colonel James, 25, 35, 59, 
 
 64, 69. 
 
 Cochrane, Andrew, of Ayr, 42 ; Pro- 
 vost of Glasgow, 42. 
 Cochrane, David, 42. 
 Cochrane, nee Crawford, Janet, 42. 
 Cochrane, nee Garvan, Agnes, 42. 
 Cochrane, nee Murdoch, 43. 
 Coehorns, 57, 58. 
 Coigny, 47. 
 Coimbra, 136. 
 Colebrook, Sir George, letter from, to 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 262. 
 Coll, Mrs., 80. 
 College des Irlandois, 52. 
 Collier, Captain, 66. 
 Colman, George, 147, 164, 165; his 
 
 Spanish Barber, 164, 165. 
 ' Common Isle,' the, 42. 
 Congreve, Captain, 6. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Congreve, William, 49 ; letter to, from 
 Charles Whitefoord, 49. 
 
 Congreve's Comedies, 8. 
 
 Constantinople, 157, 160. 
 
 Conway Castle, 215. 
 
 Cook, General, 170. 
 
 Cooper, 52. 
 
 Cope, Sir John, 50, 58, 72, 94; Court- 
 martial on, 59, 8 1 ; his march to 
 Nairn, 52; letters from, to Charles 
 Whitefoord, 72, 81, 103; letters to, 
 from Charles Whitefoord, 53, 70 ; 
 Charles Whitefoord's defence of, 83- 
 94. 
 
 Copenhagen, Expedition to, 14. 
 
 Copley, J. J., letter from, to Caleb 
 Whitefoord, 256; his Lord Chatham, 
 267. 
 
 Coq, Bay of, 14. 
 
 Corbett, Captain, 66. 
 
 Corbett, Thomas, 38; letter to, from 
 Charles Whitefoord, 38. 
 
 Cormick, Andrew, 24. 
 
 Cornwall, Captain Frederic-, 49. 
 
 Cornwall, James, 49. 
 
 Corryarrick, 82, 85, 86, 94. 
 
 Cos way, 246. 
 
 Cotterell, James, 32. 
 
 Courier de r Europe, the, 183. 
 
 Court Calendar, the, 143. 
 
 Courtray, 47. 
 
 Coutts, Fanny, 204, 212, 216, 222, 232, 
 
 235-7- 
 
 Coutts, Frances, 259. See Bute, 
 Countess of. 
 
 Coutts, James, 118, 235 ; letters from, 
 to Thomas Brown, 162 ; Caleb 
 Whitefoord, 151 ; letter to, from 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 1 20. 
 
 Coutts, Messrs., letter to, from George 
 Wortley Montagu, 156-60. 
 
 Coutts, Sophia, 216. See Burdett, 
 Lady. 
 
 Coutts, Susan, 233. See Guilford, 
 Countess of. 
 
 Coutts, Thomas, 144, 155, 178, 182, 
 206, 207, 216, 235, 258 ; letters from, 
 to, Thomas Brown, 238; Thomas 
 Harris, 204; Caleb Whitefoord, 156, 
 174, 203, 205, 206, 209, 212, 214-6, 
 
 220, 221, 232, 233, 235-8, 242-5, 
 
 258; letters to, from Caleb White- 
 food, 218, 222 ; Mrs., 156, 178, 203, 
 
 204, 212, 214, 220, 222, 232, 236, 
 243, 244, 259. 
 
 Covent Garden Theatre, 133, 163, 204, 
 
 205. 
 
 Coventry, Countess of, 118, 119. 
 Cowpar, 68, 69. 
 Cowper, Ashley, 137. 
 
 Cowper, Elizabeth Charlotta, 137. 
 Cox, Nicholas, 66. 
 Coxwold, 228. 
 Crafton, 9. 
 
 Crammond, Mr., 120. 
 Cranston, Lieutenant Adam, 25. 
 Craven Street, 142, 167, 193, 198. 
 Crawford, 198; Janet, see Cochrane; 
 
 Mrs., 243. 
 
 Crichton, William, 235. 
 Crieff, 52, 82, 84, 92. 
 Croft, Sir Archer, the elder, 137 ; the 
 younger, 137, 140; letter to, from 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 137. 
 Croft, John, 223; his Anecdotes of 
 Sterne, 223, 225-32 ; letters from, 
 to Caleb Whitefoord, 223, 233. 
 Croft, Sir John, 137. 
 Croft, Lady. See Cowper, Elizabeth 
 
 Charlotta. 
 
 Croft, Mr., 138; of Stillington, 227-9. 
 Croft, Mrs., 138-40. 
 Crofts, Mr., 185. 
 Cromarty, 74 ; Earl of, 64. 
 Cromwell, Oliver, 81. 
 Crosby, Mrs., 6. 
 Cruieks, 101. 
 Cruickthorn, 101. 
 Crutched Friars, 117. 
 Cuba, Expedition to, 18. 
 Culloden, 78; Battle of, 172; account 
 
 of, 76-80 ; plans of, 75, 77. 
 Cumberland, Dr., 217. 
 Cumberland, Duke of, 69, 70, 72, 74, 
 
 78-80,115. 
 Cunningham, Alexander, tenth Earl of 
 
 Glencairn, 51. 
 Cunningham, nte Macquire, Elizabeth, 
 
 Countess of Glencairn, 40, 41, 44. 
 Cunningham, ne'e Stewart, Henrietta, 
 
 Countess of Glencairn, 41. 
 Cunningham, James, fourteenth Earl of 
 
 Glencairn, 41. 
 
 Cunningham, Margaret. See Hamilton. 
 Cunningham, William, twelfth Earl of 
 Glencairn, 41 ; thirteenth Earl, 40, 
 41, 44 ; letter to, from Charles White- 
 foord, 41. 
 
 Cunninghame, Colonel Robert, 115. 
 Cunninghame, William, loo. 
 Cuthbertson, 105, 108, 109. 
 
 D. 
 
 Dagenham, 258. 
 
 Dalhousie, Lord, 178. 
 
 D'Almadas, Joam, 137. 
 
 Dalmahoy, 50. 
 
 Dalrymple, 164, 198 ; Charles, 40. 
 
 Dalrymple, ne'e Myrton, Eupheme, 50. 
 
 Dalrymple, George, of Dalmahoy, 50. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 28l 
 
 Dalrymple, Captain John, 2, 5, 8; 
 letters to, from Charles Whitefoord, 
 
 9> 30. 39 5 Mrs -> 9- 
 Dalrymple, John, first Earl of Stair, 31, 
 
 50 ; fifth Earl, 50. 
 
 Dalrymple, nee Macquire, Macrae, 40. 
 Dalrymple, Margaret. See Londoun. 
 Dalrymple, Robert, 20, 45, 47 ; letter 
 
 to, from Charles Whitefoord, 42. 
 Dalrymple, William, 50. 
 Dahvhinnie, 52, 85, 92, 94. 
 Damascus, 157. 
 Dawson, Mr., 139. 
 Dawson and Harris, 133. 
 Daylesford, 253. 
 Deane, Captain, 254. 
 Deane, Mr., 254. 
 Delavall, 229. 
 Denham, John, 22. 
 Dennistoun, 43 ; James, 43. 
 Denny, Mons., 7, 52. 
 Dering, Captain, 112, 117. 
 Desenfans, Noel, 257 ; letter from, to 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 257. 
 Deserters, Act relating to, 47. 
 D'Estaing, Count, 188. 
 De Tolmer, Catharine, 76. 
 Dettingen, 73. 
 Devonshire House, 216. 
 Dewar, 117, 118; Robert, 119. 
 D'Israeli, Isaac, Utter from, to Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 255. 
 Dodsley, 226-8,230. 
 Dominica, 13. 
 Donochader, no. 
 Dorchester beer, 8. 
 Dorset, Duke of, 115, 116, 206. 
 Douglas, Captain Alexander, 24-6 ; 
 
 letters to, from Charles Whitefoord, 
 
 34, 35- 
 
 Douglas, Colonel, 53. 
 
 Douglas, James, 5, 8, 13. 
 
 Dover, 192, 209. 
 
 Dow, Alexander, 165; letter from, to 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 168; letter to, 
 from Caleb Whitefoord, 165. 
 
 Downes, Miss, 141. 
 
 Doyen de Coleraine, Le, 230. 
 
 Dragoons, 16, 57-9, 84. 
 
 Draper, Mrs., 230. 
 
 Drumdow, Macguire of, 40. 
 
 Drummond, George, 88. 
 
 Drummond, Lord John, 65 ; his de- 
 claration, 65. 
 
 Drury Lane Theatre, 133, 163, 204, 
 205, 243, 
 
 Dublin, 104, no. 
 
 Dublin Society, the, 261, 263. 
 
 Dudley, Sir Henry Bate. See Bate, 
 Henry. 
 
 Dulany, Daniel, 173. 
 
 Dulany, Lloyd, 173. 
 
 Dunbar, 56, 82, 88, 93, 94. 
 
 Dunbar, 55, 113; Captain, 36. 
 
 Duncan, Admiral, 242. 
 
 Duncan, Lady Mary, 256. 
 
 Duncan, Lord, 256. 
 
 Duncannon Fort, 106. 
 
 Dundas, Henry, 198, 199. 
 
 Dundas, William, letter to, from Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 198. 
 Dundee, 53, 65. 
 Dunkeld, 62. 
 Dunkirk, 45. 
 
 Dunston or Dunster, Major, 18. 
 Dutch, the, at Cadiz, 16. 
 Dutch troops, 45, 47, 88, 93. 
 Dyche's Etymological Dictionary, 8. 
 
 E. 
 
 East India Company, 168, 262. 
 
 East Lothian, 167. 
 
 Edge worth, Maria, 3. 
 
 Edinburgh, 42, 49-51, 61, 64, 69, 70, 73, 
 74, 80, 84, 87, 88, 93, 119, 121, 140, 
 176, 238, 259, 260, 263; orders 
 given at, 52; Castle, 52, 59, 89. 
 
 Egerton, General, 169. 
 
 Egypt, 156, 157,159,161. 
 :iliot, 133 ; General, 222 ; Richard, 34. 
 
 Elliott, Captain, 162, 170. 
 
 Ellison, Richard, 245 ; letter from, to 
 James Scott, 245. 
 
 Elsick, 53. 
 
 Ember Court, 171. 
 
 Enfield, 41. 
 
 Errol, James, Earl of, 151. 
 
 Erskine, Andrew, letter from, to Caleb 
 Whitefoord, 213. 
 
 Erskine, Charles, 100; Sir, 27. 
 
 Erskine, Sir Harry, 100. 
 
 Erskine, James, Lord Alva, 40. 
 
 Erskine, ne'e Macguire, Margaret, 40. 
 
 Eustace, Captain, 109, 112. 
 
 Exeter, 36. 
 
 F. 
 
 Falconberg, Earl, 228. 
 
 Falkener, Mr., 184. 
 
 Falkirk, 73; Battle of, 91. 
 
 Falmouth, 127, 128. 
 
 Fahtaff, Sir John, 36. 
 
 Farquharsons, the, 57. 
 
 Farren, Miss, 165. 
 
 Faucit, Colonel, 162. 
 
 Fenn, C., 50. 
 
 Ferguson, 55 ; Sir Adam, 191 ; James, 
 
 184. 
 
 Fergusson, James, will of, 20. 
 Fergusson, Lieutenant, 85. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Fergusson, Lieutenant Arthur, 25, 26. 
 Fergusson, Lieutenant John, 25, 28; 
 
 letter from, to Charles Whitefoord,2 7. 
 Fergussons of Kilkerran, 20. 
 Ferrier, 230. 
 
 Fielding, Lieutenant Edmund, 25, 26. 
 Fife, 65. 
 Finlaystoun, 41. 
 Fishing trade, 14. 
 
 Fitzherbert, A., 175, 182-4, 187, 191. 
 Fitz James' Horse, 79. 
 Fitzwilliam, Cornet, 3. 
 Flanders, 80 ; the French ia, 44, 45, 47. 
 Flaxman, 268. 
 Fleming, Colonel, 44. 
 Floyer, Mr., 256. 
 Foliot, Lieut. -General, 81. 
 Foot, Harry, 132. 
 Foote, 1.33, 229; character of, 166; his 
 
 Author, 133. 
 Forbes, Sir William, 144. 
 Fordyce, Alexander, 154, 155. 
 Foremark, 216, 244. 
 Forfar, 79. 
 
 Forrester, Captain, 6, 66. 
 Fort Augustus, 79, 85. 
 Fortescue, Ann, Lady, 265 ; letter from, 
 
 to Caleb Whitefoord, 265. 
 Fortescue, Matthew, second Baron, 265. 
 Fort St. Augustine, 13. 
 Fountayne, Dr., 229. 
 Fowke, Brigadier-General Thomas, 58, 
 
 8 1, 83, 94. 
 
 Fox, C. J., 185, 206, 262, 263. 
 France, treaty with, 183. 
 Franklin, Benjamin, 142, 176, 177, 
 
 186, 187, 190, 191, 193-5, 198, 200, 
 
 201, 210-12, 235; letters from, to 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 141, 197, 200; 
 Wright's portrait of, 211, 212. 
 
 Franklin, William, 141, 142. 
 Franklin, William Temple, 197, 201, 
 
 202, 210; letters from, to Caleb 
 Whitefoord, 190, 198; Paper by, 179. 
 
 Franks, 269. 
 
 Fraser, Hugh, Lord Lovat, 27, 57. 
 
 Fraser, Katharine. See Murray. 
 
 Fraser, Mr., 184. 
 
 Frasers, the, 67. 
 
 Fry, Lieutenant, 34. 
 
 Fur Trade, the, 14. 
 
 Fuzas, Mons., 186, 
 
 G. 
 
 Galashiels, 102. 
 
 Galloway, Earls of. See Stewart. 
 Galway, no, in, 117. 
 Gardiner, Colonel, 52, 58, 59, 73, 89. 
 Garrick, David, 119, 147, 154, 163, 
 205, 254, 263; character of, 166 ; 
 
 letter from, to Caleb Whitefoord, 165 ; 
 
 letter to, from Caleb Whitefoord, 
 
 164. 
 
 Garvan, Agnes. See Cochrane. 
 Garymore, 86. 
 Gaza, 157. 
 Genoa, 267. 
 
 Gibson, Dr. Herbert, 117. 
 Gilpin, William, 240 ; his Forest Scenery ', 
 
 240. 
 
 Gladsmuir, battle of. See Prestonpans. 
 Glames, 65, 68, 69. 
 Glamorganshire, 259. 
 Glasgow, 40, 42. 
 Glen Buckit, 87. 
 
 Glencairn, Earls of. See Cunningham. 
 Glencoes, the, 57. 
 Glen Ely, 79. 
 Glengary, 57; Lord, 84. 
 Glenorchy, Lord, 84. 
 Gloucester, 204. 
 Glynllivon, 215. 
 Gobelins, the, 173. 
 Gogar, 50. 
 
 Goddard, General Thomas, 169. 
 Goldsmid, Abraham, 268. 
 Goldsmith, Oliver, 167, 168, 223 ; his 
 
 Retaliation, 168, 223. 
 Gooche, Colonel W., 20. 
 Goodenough, Captain John, 25, 26. 
 Gordon, Lieut. Alexander, 25. 
 Gordon, Captain, 126. 
 Gordon, Ensign David, 66. 
 Gordon, Duke of, 57. 
 Gordon, William, 235. 
 Gould Square, 117. 
 Goulton, Francis, 66. 
 Graham, 52. 
 Grand, Mons., 184. 
 Grant, Ensign, 66. 
 Grant, William, 213.. 
 Grantham, Lord, 184. 
 Grants, the, 57, 86. 
 Gravesend r 192. 
 
 Gra y> 55 5 George, 6 ; the poet, 153. 
 Green, Mr., 239. 
 Green, Valentine, 250; letters from, to 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 250, 251, 253; 
 
 Mrs., 250. 
 Grenada, 179. 
 Grenadiers, 13. 
 Greuse, 172. 
 Grey, Lord, 207. 
 Griffiths, 59; Mr., 91. 
 Guantanamo, officers' petition at, 18. 
 Guerin, Mr., 21, 70. 
 Guernsey, 120-2, 126. 
 Guest, General, 89. 
 Guilford, Countess of, 238, 244, 259. 
 
 See Coutts, Susan. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Guilford, George Augustus, third Earl 
 
 of, 232, 233, 244. 
 Guise, Colonel, 59. 
 Guise, General, 66. 
 
 H. 
 
 Hackness, 240, 241. 
 
 Haddington, 58, 88 ; march from, 57. 
 
 Halkett, James, 25. 
 
 Halkett, Sir Peter, 107, 108, 112, 126. 
 
 Hall, 234; Bishop, 230; of Skelton 
 Castle, 229. 
 
 Hamilton, 259; Duchess of, 118, 119. 
 
 Hamilton, nte Plummer, Anne, Countess 
 of Abercorn, 34. 
 
 Hamilton, Elizabeth. See Carmichael. 
 
 Hamilton, General, 66. 
 
 Hamilton, Helen. See Murray. 
 
 Hamilton, Hugh, 42. 
 
 Hamilton, James, seventh Earl of Aber- 
 corn, 34. 
 
 Hamilton, John, 27, 28. 
 
 Hamilton, Hon. John, 34-8. 
 
 Hamilton, nte Cunningham, Margaret, 
 Countess of Lauderdale, 5 1 . 
 
 Hamilton, Mr., 42, 100; Mrs., 42. 
 
 Hamilton, Robert, 42. 
 
 Hamilton, William, 27, 28. 
 
 Hamilton of Bourtree Hill, 42. 
 
 Hamilton of Clongall, 42. 
 
 Hamond, Sir Andrew, 258. 
 
 Hampstead, 162, 193. 
 
 Hampton Court, 189. 
 
 Handasyde, 8, 108; General, 69> 107. 
 
 Handel, 203. 
 
 Hardy, Sir Charles, 170. 
 
 Hargreave, Major, 51. 
 
 Harmood, Jenny, 152. 
 
 Harrington, Lord, 7, 70. 
 
 Harris, Thomas, 204, 205 ; letter from, 
 to Thomas Coutts, 204. 
 
 Harrison, Colonel, 53. 
 
 Hartley, David, 185, 186. 
 
 Hartwell, James, 27. 
 
 Harvard, 177. 
 
 Harvey, Captain, 48. 
 
 Hastings, 258, 259. 
 
 Hastings, Warren, 168 ; letter from, to 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 252 ; Mrs., 253. 
 
 Havana, 48, 142. 
 
 Hawley, General, 69, 73, 78. 
 
 Hay, Lady Mary. See Scot. 
 
 Hay, Lieutenant John, 25, 26. 
 
 Hay, Lord Charles, 1 I *. 
 
 Hay market Theatre, 164. 
 
 Hays, David, 160. 
 
 Heathcotte, Lieutenant, 106. 
 
 Henning, 268. 
 
 Henriques, Jacobina, 144. 
 
 Henry, Prince, of Prussia, 206. 
 
 Herbert, Mr., lor. 
 
 Hermand, Lord, 140. 
 
 Herring, Archbishop, 74. 
 
 Hesse, Mrs., 190. 
 
 Hessian troops* 72. 
 
 Hewson, Mary. See Stevenson. 
 
 Hewson, William, 142. 
 
 Highland clans, list of, 57. 
 
 Highlanders, 52, 54-9, 78, 82, 84, 91, 
 
 93, !33. 
 
 Hill, Dr., 132. 
 
 Hill, Edward, 5. 
 
 Hillman, Lieutenant Ravelin, 25. 
 
 Hinchinbrook, 241. 
 
 Hinchinbrook, Lord, letter from, to 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 197. See Sand- 
 wich, Lord. 
 
 Historical Dictionary, the, 1 2. 
 
 Holburne, Admiral, 133. 
 
 Holkar, 169. 
 
 Holland, Lord, 206. 
 
 Holwell, Captain, 87. 
 
 Holyrood House, 60, 62. 
 
 Home, 176; Earl of, 89 ; letter to, from 
 Charles Whitefoord, 74. 
 
 Home, John, 167, 183; his Douglas, 
 133. 
 
 Home, Mary. See Mylne. 
 
 Home, Mr., 222. 
 
 Homer, 153. 
 
 Hood, Lord, 214. 
 
 Hotel de I'Universit^, 206, 207. 
 
 Hotel de Prince de Galles, 207. 
 
 Houston, 40. 
 
 Houstoun, Sir John, 7; Lady, 52. 
 
 How, James, 25, 26. 
 
 Howe, James, 268. 
 
 Howe, Lord, 217. 
 
 Howison, 55. 
 
 Hunter, Andrew, 140. 
 
 Hunter, James, letter from, to Caleb 
 Whitefoord, 144. 
 
 Hunter, Mrs. John, 176. 
 
 Hussenabad, 169. 
 
 Hutchinson, James, 210. 
 
 Hutton, Mr., 9. 
 
 Hyde Park, 173, 244. 
 
 Hyndford, Earls of. See Carmichael. 
 
 Independent Whig, the, 8. 
 
 India, 167-9, J 79, 181, 185, 230, 243, 
 
 2 45- 
 
 Innes, Mr., 18. 
 Innis, George, 13. 
 Invalids, 13. 
 Inverleith, 42. 
 Inverness, 52, 76, 82, 86, 87, 93, 94, 
 
 259- 
 Irvine, Charles, 20. 
 
284 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Irwin, Major-General Alexander, 112-5, 
 
 117. 
 
 Irwin, Major John, in, 114; letters 
 from, to Charles Whitefoord, 105, 107, 
 
 109, in, 116 ; Utters to, from Charles 
 
 Whitefoord, 104, 106. 
 Ismail Bey, 159. 
 Italy, 149, 151, 170, 206, 259. 
 
 J. 
 
 Jackson, Richard, 186. 
 
 Jaffa, 157, 158. 
 
 Jamaica, 20, 32, 42, 49, 146. 
 
 Janagi, 169. 
 
 Jay, Mr., 187, 191, 192 ; Mrs., 187, 191, 
 
 192. 
 
 Jeamat, 172. 
 
 Jefferies, or Jeffreys, J., 32. 
 Jersey, 121. 
 Jerusalem, 157. 
 John, Mr., 128. 
 Johnson, Dr., 161, 162, 176, 186, 239; 
 
 his Journey to the Western Islands of 
 
 Scotland, 161. 
 
 Johnstone, John Henry, 243. 
 Johnstone, Sir Richard, 241, 246, 249. 
 Johnstone's at Ludgate Hill, 144. 
 Jones, Mrs., in. 
 Joppa, 157. 
 Jordan, Mrs., 222. 
 Jordan Hill, 43. 
 Junius, 149, 154. 
 
 K. 
 
 Kauffman, Angelica, 268. 
 Keen, Captain, 104, 108, 109, 112. 
 Keith, Sir Basil, 146, 162, 235 ; letter 
 from, to Thomas Brown and Caleb 
 Whitefoord, 146.. 
 Keith, James, 24. 
 Kelly, Lord, 171, 181. 
 Kemble, 205. 
 
 Kempenfelt, Lieutenant Gustavus, 25. 
 Kennedy, Lieutenant David, 66. 
 Kenneth, Mr., 122. 
 Kensington Square, 140. 
 Keppoch, 57. 
 Kerr, Captain, 108. 
 Kerr, Lord Charles, 101. 
 Kerr, Janet, 101. 
 
 Kerr, Mary. See Stewart, Mrs. John. 
 Kilkenny, 108. 
 Killigrew, Captain G. A., 25. 
 Killimuir, 66. 
 
 Kingston, Jamaica, 20, 146. 
 Kingston, Surrey, 171. 
 King, Mr., 268. 
 King, Mrs., 208. 
 Kirk, 15. 
 Kirkwall, 172. 
 
 Knight, letters to, from Caleb White- 
 foord, 143, 207. 
 Knodiart, 79. 
 
 Lacy, Mr., 204. 
 
 Lalhia, 158. 
 
 Land Tax, 48. 
 
 Lansdowne, Lord, 262. See Shelburne. 
 
 Lascelles, Colonel Peregrine, 52, 55-9, 
 
 66, 81, 83, 84, 94. 
 Lauderdale, Earl of, 96 ; letter from, to 
 
 Charles Whitefoord, 98. See Mait- 
 
 land, Lord James. 
 Laurens, 184-6, 192. 
 Lawrence, Dr., 22. 
 Lazun, 174. 
 Le Bas, 172. 
 Lee, Colonel, 54-9, 66. 
 Lee, John, 119. 
 Lee, Mr., 227. 
 Leeward Islands, 13. 
 Leghorn, 149. 
 Leighton, F., 32. 
 Leith, 69, 73, 87. 
 Leixlip, 109. 
 Leominster, 137. 
 Leonidas, 8. 
 Leo Suavius, 247. 
 Leslie, 68, 69. 
 Leslie, Major, 108. 
 Leslie, Captain Thomas, 56, 66 ; letter 
 
 from, to the prisoners at Perth, 67. 
 Leslie House, 65, 66. 
 Lestock, Admiral, 34. 
 Levant, the, 160. 
 Le Veux, 191. 
 Lewis, Colonel, 18. 
 Leycester, Ralph, 249. 
 Liancourt, Due de, 198. 
 Ligonier, Francis, 73. 
 Ligonier, John, Earl, 73. 
 Limerick, 107, 108, 112. 
 Lincoln, 245. 
 Lincolnshire Militia, 241. 
 Lisbon, 126-31, 134. 
 Literary Club, the, 168. 
 Lochaber, 72, 79. 
 Locheil, 57, 72. 
 Locke, John, 212. 
 Lockhart, James, 235. 
 Logic, Captain, 135. 
 London, 2, 5, 31, 36, 51, 52, 122, 134, 
 162, 174, 176, 180, 182, 184, 194, 
 195, 227, 229, 234, 244, 260. 
 London Packet, the, 161. 
 London Recruits, 6. 
 Longman, 238. 
 Lothian, Robert, fourth Earl and first 
 
 Marquis of, 101. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 285 
 
 Lothian, William, third Marquis of, 102. 
 Loudoun, Hugh, third Earl of, 31. 
 Loudoun, John, fourth Earl of, 31, 39, 
 
 74, 79, 82, 87, 89, 101, 106, no, in, 
 
 116. 
 
 Loudoun, Margaret, Countess of, 31. 
 Lovat, Lord, 133. See Eraser. 
 Lowther, Colonel, 45. 
 Lowther, John, 34. 
 Lucy, Robert, 66. 
 Ludgate Hill, 144. 
 Luke, John, 43. 
 Luke, Mary. See Murdoch. 
 Lumley, Miss. See Sterne, Mrs. 
 Lumley, Rev. Mr., 226. 
 
 11 
 
 Macaulay, Abbe, 208. 
 
 Macaulay, Mrs., 149. 
 
 Macay, Alexander, 66. 
 
 Macdonald, Sir Alexander, 57. 
 
 Macdonalds, the, 57. 
 
 Macguire, Elizabeth. See Cunningham. 
 
 Macguire, Hugh, of Drumdow, 40. 
 
 Macguire, Lieut.-Colonel Hugh, 3. 
 
 Macguire, or Macrae, James, 40. 
 
 Macguire, Macrae. See Dalrymple. 
 
 Macguire, Margaret. See Erskine. 
 
 Mackarell, 207. 
 
 Mackenzie, John, letters from, to Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 145, 150. 
 Mackenzie, Mr., 235. 
 MacNab, Captain Archibald, 66. 
 Macpherson, James, 161, 168, 179, 235, 
 
 236, 264, 265; Utters from, to Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 162, 217. See Ossian. 
 Macpherson, Sir John, 167, 170, 171, 
 
 179, 181, 243; letters from, to Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 245, 268. 
 Macrae, Captain, 40. 
 Macrae, James, Governor of Madras, 40, 
 
 Macri, Mr., 158-60. 
 
 Madagascar, 247. 
 
 Maddison, Mr., 255. 
 
 Madesji Sindia, 169. 
 
 Madras, 40, 170. 
 
 Maguire, Mrs. Hugh. See Sabine, Mrs. 
 
 Mahone, 2. 
 
 Maitland, Lord James, 94-6, 99. See 
 
 Lauderdale, Earl of. 
 Maitland, Lord W'illiam, 25. 
 Majorca, 5. 
 Malaguarda, 15. 
 Malvern, 222. 
 Mancinilla, 17. 
 Mangerie, the, 172. 
 Manning, Mr., 184. 
 Mapleburgh, 89. 
 Mar, Braes of, 57. 
 
 Mar's Rebellion, 51. 
 
 Marbudda, the, 169. 
 
 March, Mr., 160. 
 
 Marines, 13, 39, 42, 45, 46, 59, 64, 95 ; 
 
 hardships of service in, 28 ; scheme 
 
 for, 32. See also Regiments. 
 Marivaux, 230. 
 Marjoribanks, Edward, 235. 
 Marjoribanks, George, 117. 
 Marjoribanks, Mr., 133. 
 Marshall, 268; Mr., 31. 
 Martin, 55 ; Sir Henry, 258. 
 Maryland, 173. 
 Masterson, 55, no. 
 Mathews, 22 ; Admiral, 34, 49. 
 Mathie, Mr., 88. 
 Matson, 204. 
 Maybie, 101. 
 Mayne, Admiral, 34. 
 Mayne, Mr., 154, 170, 171. 
 Mazarello's, 138. 
 M c Donal, Wilsie, 2. 
 MDonald, Donald, 20. 
 M c Donald, Lieutenant Dougal, 25, 26. 
 M c lntosh, Captain, 87. 
 M c Kay, Major Alexander, 86. 
 M c Kays, the, 52, 57, 87. 
 M c Kellar, Major, 52. 
 M c Kenzie, Major, 87. 
 M c Kie, Lieutenant Hugh, 25, 26. 
 M c Lachlin, 108, 109. 
 M c Lagan, Alexander, 66. 
 MLaughlin, Lieutenant, 104. 
 M c Laurin, Colin, 74. 
 M c Leod, Norman, 24. 
 M c Millan, Mr., 102. 
 MPherson, Cluny, 85. 
 M c Pherson, Daniel, 24. 
 M c Phersons, the, 57, 79. 
 M e Quyre, Hugh, 40. See Macguire. 
 Mecca, 158. 
 Medalle, Mons., 231. 
 Melville, General, 187, 239. 
 Menin, 47. 
 
 Men-of-War, names of. See Ships. 
 Menzies, Sir Robert, 57. 
 Merrick, Mr., 101. 
 Mexico, Bay of, 14. 
 Midgley, Rev. Mr., 228. 
 Mill, John, 152 ; his relations with Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 192-6. 
 Millard, 12. 
 
 Mills, Sir Thomas, 171. 
 Milsington, Lord, 241, 246. 
 Minorca, 2, 5, 71 ; cement of, 9; state 
 
 of, in 1739, 10 ; wines of, 5. 
 Mitchell, Mr., 81, 112. 
 Moffatt, Jack, 152. 
 Mohammed Bey, 157-9. 
 Moidart, 79. 
 
286 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Molloy, Sergeant, 86. 
 
 Monitor, the, 143. 
 
 Monkbarn, 40. 
 
 Monroes, the, 52, 57, 86, 87, 94. 
 
 Montagu, George Wortley, letter from, 
 
 to Messrs. Coutts, 156-60. 
 Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley, 160. 
 Montague, Lord, 216. 
 Montaigne's Essays, 230. 
 Montgomery, Major, 133. 
 Montrose, 53, 65. 
 Mooker, 6. 
 Moore, 2. 
 
 Mordaunt, Brigadier, 79. 
 More, 260; Hannah, 164. 
 Morison, James, 53. 
 Morning Chronicle, the, 161, 179. 
 Morning Post, the, 173. 
 Moro, the, 48. 
 Morris, 52; Robert, 173. 
 Morton, Colonel, 53. 
 Mountstuart, Lord, 222. 
 Moyen de Parvenir, 230. 
 Mulhallen, Captain, in. 
 Mundell, James, 267; letter from, to 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 140. 
 Mundell, Robert, 140. 
 Munro, Captain Harry, 66. 
 Murdoch, Janet. See Cochrane. 
 Murdoch, nte Luke, Mary, 43. 
 Murdoch, Peter, 43. 
 Murray, Colonel, 55-9, 66. 
 Murray, Sir David, 101. 
 Murray, Lord George, 61 ; letter to, 67. 
 Murray, nte Hamilton, Lady Helen, 27, 
 
 28. 
 
 Murray, Janet. See Kerr. 
 Murray, Captain John, 25. 
 Murray, Lord John, 66, 84. 
 Murray, ne'e Fraser, Lady Katharine. 
 Murray, Mr., 159. 
 Murray, Mrs., 12. 
 Murray, Sir Patrick, 25, 27-9, 85. 
 Murray, Sir William, 27. 
 Myddelton, Mr., 239. 
 Mylne, Robert, 176 ; letters from, to 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 176, 184; Mrs., 
 
 176. 
 
 Mylne, Thomas, 176. 
 Myrton, Sir Andrew, 50. 
 Myrton, Eupheme, 50. See Dalrymple. 
 
 N. 
 
 Nairn, 52, 76 ; River, 79. 
 Naison, Philip, 73. 
 Navy Books, 32, 38. 
 Negroes, 19. 
 Neilson, Mr., 173. 
 Nelson's funeral, 262. 
 Newborough, Lord, 214, 215. 
 
 Newcastle, 153, 259; Duke of, 71. 
 
 New England, 14, 126, 177. 
 
 New Forest, 240. 
 
 Newgate, 173. 
 
 New Jersey, 141. 
 
 Newport, 99. 
 
 New River Company, 1 76. 
 
 New River Head, 184. 
 
 New Road, 253. 
 
 New Romney, 170. 
 
 Newton, Sir Isaac, 212. 
 
 New York, 14, 192. 
 
 Nicol, George, 263. 
 
 Nixon, 109. 
 
 North, Captain, 18. 
 
 North, Lieutenant William, 25, 26. 
 
 North, Lord, 171, 172, 185, 232. 
 
 North Briton, the, 143. 
 
 Nova Scotia, 258. 
 
 Nugent, 112. 
 
 O. 
 
 Ochiltree, 44. 
 
 O'Farrell, Colonel, 50, 51. 
 
 Old Bailey, the, 173. 
 
 Old Slyboots, 149. 
 
 Oliphant, 52. 
 
 Oporto, 128, 133. 
 
 Oporto Company, the, 134, 137. 
 
 Orangefield, 40. 
 
 Orkney Islands, 172. 
 
 Ormond, Duke of, 15, 16. 
 
 Osborne, Ensign, in, 114. 
 
 Ossian, 243. See Macpherson, James. 
 
 Oswald, Richard, 170, 173, 174, 178, 
 179-82, 190, 191, 197, 198, 200, 201 ; 
 letters from, to Caleb Whitefoord, 1 83, 
 185,191,192; his relations with Caleb 
 Whitefoord, 192-6; Mrs., 174, 175, 
 179, 184, 191, 196. 
 
 Oudenarde, 47. 
 
 Oxford, 173, 223. 
 
 Oxford Street, 249. 
 
 P. 
 
 Packet, the, 161. 
 
 Pagett, Colonel, 49, 50. 
 
 Paine, James, 178. 
 
 Pall Mall, 227, 263. 
 
 Palmyra, 130. 
 
 Paris, 172, 174, 175, 180, 181, 184-6, 
 
 189, 193-5, 198, 207, 208, 212. 
 Park Street, 247. 
 Parsons, William, 164. 
 Pasquin, 8. 
 Passy, 194. 
 Paterson, James, 32. 
 Paton, Lieutenant Henry, 66. 
 Patoun, Archibald, 50 ; letter to, from 
 
 Charles Whitefoord, 51. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 287 
 
 Patriots, the, 153. 
 
 Patten, 183. 
 
 Paxton, 124, 125. 
 
 Perregan, 184. 
 
 Perth, 53, 60-6, 68, 79, 86 ; Duke of, 
 61. 
 
 Pettigru, James, 24. 
 
 Pezenas, i. 
 
 Piccadilly, 216. 
 
 Pitt, William, 197, 237, 258, 262. 
 
 Pitt, William, Earl of Chatham, 133, 
 228, 259. 
 
 Placentia, 13. 
 
 Pleyell, 213. 
 
 Plummer, Anne. See Hamilton. 
 
 Plummer, John, 34. 
 
 Plymouth, 170. 
 
 Pointz, Captain, 87. 
 
 Polkemmet, Lord, 140. 
 
 Pondicherry, 168. 
 
 Ponsonby, General, 70. 
 
 Pons's Coffee House, 4. 
 
 Ponton, Mr., 147. 
 
 Pope, 132, 160, 166, 256. 
 
 Porta Nova, 137. 
 
 Port Elliott, 34. 
 
 Portland Street, 50. 
 
 Porto Bello, 49. 
 
 Port Patrick, 2. 
 
 Port St. Mary's, 15, 16. 
 
 Portsmouth, 126. 
 
 Portugal, 223. 
 
 Potter, Tom, 218. 
 
 Powell, Thomas, letter from, to Caleb 
 Whitefoord. 
 
 Powlett, Cnarles, 32. 
 
 Powlett, or Pawlett, Major, 46. 
 
 Preston, 238; Mr., 245. 
 
 Preston, Lieutenant Charles, 25, 26. 
 
 Preston, Sir Charles, 209. 
 
 Preston, Lieutenant Patrick, 25, 26. 
 
 Preston, Robert, 209 ; Mrs., 209. 
 
 Preston, Sir Robert, 358. 
 
 Prestonpans, 73, 88 ; Battle of, 58, 59, 
 89 sqq. ; officers taken at, 66 ; plans 
 of, 90; prisoners at, 60, 61 ; return 
 of wounded and prisoners at, 59. 
 
 Price, Lieutenant Robert, 25, 26. 
 
 Pringle, Dr., 9. 
 
 Pringle, Mr., 178. 
 
 Prisoners at Prestonpans, 60, 61, 65, 66 ; 
 declaration with regard to, 59 ; letters 
 from, 62, 63, 66; officers' parole, 60, 
 62 ; rescue of, 66 ; return of, 59 ; state 
 of, 68 ; Strathallan's order to, 66. 
 
 Pritchard, 52 ; Mr., 9. 
 
 Public Advertiser, the, 151, 161, 162, 
 165, 200. 
 
 Pulteney, Miss, 206. 
 
 Purcell, 112. 
 
 Q- 
 
 Quadrille, n. 
 Quebec, 14. 
 Queensbery House, 66. 
 Queen Street, Westminster, 4. 
 Quin, 167. 
 
 R. 
 
 Rabelais, 230. 
 Rae, Lord, 86. 
 Ragoba, 169. 
 Ramsay, 55 j A., 255. 
 Rawson, 112; Captain, 117. 
 Rebellion of 1745, the, 42, 49 sqq. 
 Rebels, army of, 58. 
 Red Sea, the, 159. 
 Reed, Captain, 56. 
 Reed, Lieutenant John, 66. 
 Regiments : 
 
 American, the, 20, 95, 96, 100. 
 Set also Gooche's. 
 
 Dragoons : I3th, Gardiner's, after- 
 wards Ligonier's, 58, 59, 73, 84, 91 ; 
 I4th, Hamilton's, 59, 62, 66, 84, 88 ; 
 Royal, 73; 1 2th (Prince of Wales') 
 Light Dragoons, 106. See also 
 Dragoons. 
 
 Engineers, 50, 52. 
 5th Foot, no, 113. See also 
 Irwin's, afterwards Whitefoord's. 
 8th Foot, 32. 
 9th Foot, 41, 101. 
 1 6th Foot, 107. 
 
 1 7th Foot, 49, 51, 53. See also 
 Wynyard's. 
 1 9th Foot, 76. 
 
 2 2nd Foot, 49-5 1 . See also Paget's, 
 afterwards O'Farrell's. 
 24th Foot, 102. 
 27th (Inniskilling) Foot, 107. 
 29th Foot, 1 08. 
 36th Foot, 44. 
 37th Foot, 70. 
 39th Foot, 107. 
 
 44th Foot, 107. See also 55th 
 Foot, and Lee's. 
 48th Foot, 73. 
 
 55th, afterwards 44th Foot, 54-6, 
 58, 59. See also Lee's. 
 
 57th Foot, 55, 58, 59; return of, 
 56. See also Murray's. 
 58 Foot, 115. 
 ist Foot Guards, 32. 
 ist Grenadier Guards, 32. 
 Grenadiers, 52. 
 8th Horse, 73. 
 Invalids, 121. 
 
 Marines : ist, Wolfe's, afterwards 
 Cotterell's, 31, 32 ; 2nd, Eraser's, 
 32 ; 4 th, Wynyard's, 18, 51, 71, 94, 
 96, 98; accounts of, 21-4; 5th, 
 
388 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Douglas's, afterwards Cochran's, 25, 
 27, 28, 36, 44, 59, 64, 71, 101 ; 6th, 
 Cotterell's, 19 ; 7th, Cornewall's, 32, 
 46 ; 9th Powlett's, 32, 41 ; loth, 
 Jeffreys', 32. 
 
 Douglas's, 53 ; Gooch's, 95 ; see 
 also American Regiment, the ; Guise's, 
 59, 66, 86, 87, 92 ; Harrison's, 53 ; 
 Irwin's, afterward's Whitefoord's, 10^, 
 109, 112; see also 5th Foot; Las- 
 celles', 55-9, 66, 84 ; Lee's, 66, 84 ; 
 see also 44th and 55th Foot ; Lord 
 Loudoun's, 85-7 ; Lowther's, 53 ; 
 Morton's, 53 ; Murray's, 57, 66, 84, 
 92; see also 57th Foot; O'Farrell's, 
 51 ; see also 22nd Foot ; Paget's, 96 ; 
 see also 2 2nd Foot; Robinson's, 53; 
 Went worth's, 53; Wolfe's, 53; Wyn- 
 yard's, 101 ; see also I7th Foot. 
 
 Regulus, 154, 163. 
 
 Reid, General, letter from, to Caleb 
 Whitefoord, 201 ; letter to, from 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 202. 
 
 Reid, Mr., 108. 
 
 Renner, Mons., 149. 
 
 Renton, Captain, 34. 
 
 Reynolds, Sir Joshua, 151, 172. 
 
 Rhine, the, 45. 
 
 Richmond, 32 ; Duke of, 81. 
 
 Richmond, the, brigantine, 5. 
 
 Rivier, 260. 
 
 Roberts, W., letter from, to Caleb 
 Whitefoord, 175. 
 
 Robertson, James, 24. 
 
 Robinson, Colonel, 53. 
 
 Robinson, Dr., 254. 
 
 Robinson, John, 24. 
 
 Robinson, John, of Isleworth, letters 
 from, to Caleb Whitefoord, 254, 255. 
 
 Roche, Councillor, 49. 
 
 Rochead, Sir James, 42. 
 
 Rochead, Magdalen. See Cathcart. 
 
 Rock, Dr., 139. 
 
 Rome, 149, 176, 177, 207. 
 
 Romney, Lord, 250. 
 
 Rooke, Sir George, 14, 15. 
 
 Rose, Mr., 196. 
 
 Ross, 80. 
 
 Ross, Colonel, 195. 
 
 Rota, 1 6. 
 
 Rothes, Earl of, 106, 108-11, 114, 
 116. 
 
 Rowles, Mr., 122. 
 
 Royal Academy, the, 200, 248. 
 
 Royal Society, the, 177, 211, 252. 
 
 Ruben's Brazen Serpent, 267. 
 
 Rumsay, Lieut-Col., 107. 
 
 Russell, William, 160. 
 
 Ruthven, 52, 86. 
 
 Ryder, 222. 
 
 S., J., letter from, to Caleb Whitefoord, 
 
 147. 
 
 Sabine, Mrs., 3, 7. 
 Sackville, Lord George, 103-6, no, 
 
 "3-5- 
 
 St. Clair. See Sinclair. 
 
 St. Clair, Andrew, 118. 
 
 St. Clair, Sir John, 1 26. 
 
 St. James* Chronicle, the, 161. 
 
 St. Martin's-in- the- Field's, 171 ; Mili- 
 tary Association, 258. 
 
 St. Omers, 2, 3. 
 
 St. Paul's Cathedral, 176. 
 
 St. Peter's, 121. 
 
 St. Philip's, Minorca, 12. 
 
 St. Stephen's Chapel, 234. 
 
 St. Vincent, 239. 
 
 Sallee, Mr., 4. 
 
 Sanderson, William, 24. 
 
 Sandilands, Sir George, letter from, to 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 260. 
 
 Sandwich, Lord, 247, 249 ; letter from, 
 to Caleb Whitefoord, 266. See Hin- 
 chin brook. 
 
 Santa Cruz, 15. 
 
 Saunders, 268. 
 
 Sauterne, wines of, 5. 
 
 Saxe, Comte de, 47. 
 
 Scarborough, 241, 245, 246. 
 
 Schaffhausen, 216. 
 
 Scot, Lady Mary, 151. 
 
 Scot, Major-General John, 151, 152. 
 
 Scot, Mrs., 102. 
 
 Scotland, 40, 51, 65, 153, 161, 193. 
 
 Scott, Captain, 56. 
 
 Scott, James, 152, 241, 242 ; letters 
 from, to Caleb Whitefoord, 152, 240, 
 246, 249 ; letter to, from Richard 
 Ellison, 245 ; Mrs., 152. See Har- 
 iri ood, Jenny. 
 
 Scott, William, 235. 
 
 Scrofton, 76. 
 
 Seaton House, 89. 
 
 Sediere, Captain Gabriel, 25. 
 
 Selwyn, George, 204. 
 
 Sepoys, 169. 
 
 Seton, Mr., 171. 
 
 Severn, Major John, 66 ; signs letters to 
 prisoners at Perth, 67. 
 
 Shanks, Alexander, 21. 
 
 Sharman, 4 ; Captain, 2 ; Mr., 5, 6. 
 
 Shelburne, Earl of, 174, 196. 
 
 Sheridan, 205, 222 ; Mrs., 189. 
 
 Ships : Advice, 24, 49 ; Augusta, 34, 
 38 ; Buckingham, 49 ; Chesterfield, 
 48 ; Hampton Court, 49 ; Kent, 24 ; 
 Lancaster, 34 ; Lichfield, 24 ; Marl* 
 borough, 49; Oxford, 49; Revenge, 
 
INDEX. 
 
 289 
 
 49 ; Romney, 24 ; Stirling Castle, 
 48 ; Strombolo, 49 ; Superb, 49 ; Van- 
 guard, 34 ; York, 49. 
 
 Shirley, Lieutenant Robert, 25, 26. 
 
 Shoemakers of Aberdeen, 53. 
 
 Shuldham, 170. 
 
 Shuttleworth, Miss. See West, Mrs. 
 James. 
 
 Signals, for commanding officers of 
 corps, 55 ; for transports, 54. 
 
 Simmons, Thomas, 24. 
 
 Simonburn, 152, 247. 
 
 Simpson, 249, 257. 
 
 Sinclair, James, 124, 137; letter from, 
 to Caleb Whitefoord, 125. 
 
 Sinclair, Sir John, 124, 260; letters 
 from, to Caleb Whitefoord, 264, 265. 
 
 Sinclair, Sir Robert, 124. 
 
 Sitges, wines of, 5. 
 
 Small, Mr., 177. 
 
 Smallpox, 10. 
 
 Smith, in; Charles, 177, 179; Dr., 
 142; James, 43; Robert, 178; Wil- 
 liam, 250, 252, 253. 
 
 Smollett, Tobias, 132; letter from, to 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 148. 
 
 Snaw, 54. 
 
 Snugboroughr, 85. 
 
 Society of Arts, the, 178, 239, 248, 
 250, 257, 258. 
 
 Somerset House, 189. 
 
 Southland, Andrew, 66. 
 
 Spa, i, 2. 
 
 Spain, 14 ; treaty with, 183. 
 
 Spaniards, 10 ; at Cadiz, 15; at Car- 
 thagena, 17. 
 
 Spanish Succession, war of the, 51. 
 
 Spectator, the, 8. 
 
 Spencer, Captain, 56. 
 
 Spencer, Earl, 228. 
 
 Spencer, Thomas, 66. 
 
 Spens, Nathan, 238. 
 
 Spey, the, 86. 
 
 Spiritu Santo, 135. 
 
 Spithead, 13, 34. 
 
 Spottiswood, Colonel, 20. 
 
 Stafford, 136,138; letter to , from Caleb 
 Whitefoord, 139. 
 
 Stair, letters to, from Caleb Whitefoord, 
 117, 118, 128. 
 
 Stair, Earl of, 39, 72 ; letter from, to 
 Lord Cathcart, 13. See Dalrymple. 
 
 Stanhope, Captain, 71. 
 
 Stanhope, Mr., 6, 7, 13. 
 
 Steel, 249. 
 
 Steil, 124. 
 
 Stephen, 55. 
 
 Sterne, Archbishop, 225. 
 
 Sterne, Captain, 225. 
 
 Sterne, Dr., 225. 
 
 Sterne, Laurence, 223, 224, 234, 235 ; 
 
 John Croft's Anecdotes of, 225-232 ; 
 
 Mrs., 226, 231, 234, 235. 
 Sterne, Lydia, 224, 231. 
 Stevens, Thomas, 25. 
 Stevenson, Mary, 142. 
 Stevenson, Mrs., 142. 
 Stewart, Alexander, third Earl of Gal- 
 loway, 41. 
 Stewart, Archibald, 52, 121, 124-6, 
 
 128, 136, 235; letter from, to Caleb 
 
 \Vhitefoord, 122. 
 
 Stewart, Henrietta, 41. See Cunning- 
 ham. 
 
 Stewart, Lieutenant James, 25, 26. 
 Stewart, Colonel John, 25, 26, 71, 72, 
 
 1 01 ; Mrs., letter to, from Charles 
 
 Whitefoord, 101. 
 Stewart, Mr., 96, 98. 
 Stewart, Colonel W., 101. 
 Stewarts, the, of Appin, 57. 
 Stillington, 223, 227, 230, 231. 
 Stirling, 52, 8a, 83, 85, 86, 93. 
 Stobo, William, 24. 
 Stockholm, 203. 
 Stockton, 209. 
 Stone, William, 66. 
 Storach, Lieutenant George, 25, 26. 
 Strange, John, 202 ; letter from, to Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 202 ; Sir John, 202. 
 Strange, Mr., 195. 
 Strange, Robert, 172; letter from, to 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 172. 
 Strathallan, William Viscount, 64-6. 
 Stratton Street, 232. 
 Stuart, Andrew, 237. 
 Stuart, Captain, in. 
 Stuart, Frederic, 181 ; letters to, from 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 180, 182. 
 Stuart, Sir John, 235. 
 Stuart, Mr., 156, 179; letter from, to 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 171 ; Mrs., 238. 
 Sugar Plantations, 14. 
 Sulivan, R. J., 170. 
 Surrey Justices, 147. 
 Sutherland, 80. 
 Sutherland, 152 ; Lord, 86. 
 Sutherlands, the, 52, 57, 87. 
 Sutton, 226, 228, 231. 
 Sutton, John, letter to, from Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 208. 
 Sutton, General Richard, 76. 
 Sutton, Robert, 76. 
 Swift, 8. 
 
 Swiney, Lieutenant George, 25, 66. 
 Sydyserffe, Lieutenant James, 25, 26. 
 
 T. 
 
 Talbot, Major Richard, 56, 66; signs 
 letter to prisoners at Perth, 67. 
 
 U 
 
290 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Tale of a Tub, the, 8. 
 
 Tatter, the, 8. 
 
 Tatton, Captain, 68. 
 
 Tay, the, 88 ; passage of, 53 ; Bridge, 
 52, 84. 
 
 Taylor, 55. 
 
 Terence, 153. 
 
 Thames Ditton, 171. 
 
 Thier, Lieutenant, in. 
 
 Thompson, Lieutenant William, 25. 
 
 Thomson, 55 ; Captain, 85 ; George, 
 213, 214. 
 
 Thomson's Seasons, 8. 
 
 Tibullus, 225. 
 
 Tickell, Richard, 189 ; his Anticipation, 
 189; letter from, to Caleb White- 
 foord, 189; Mrs., 189. 
 
 Topham, Dr., 229. 
 
 Touch, P., letter from, to Caleb White- 
 foord, 212. 
 
 Toulon, 49, 214. 
 
 Toulouse, 52. 
 
 Townshend, Mr., 175, 185. 
 
 Tranent, 89. 
 
 Transports, 52 ; list of, 55 ; signals for, 
 
 54- 
 
 Trelawny, Sir William, 146. 
 Trotter, John, 235, 260. 
 Troy, Sergeant, 22. 
 Troy, Lieutenant Thomas, 25. 
 True Briton, the, 248. 
 Tullibardine, Marquis of. See Atholl, 
 
 Duke of. 
 Tunbridge, 204. 
 Turkey Company, the, 160. 
 Turner, 52. 
 Tuscany, 149. 
 
 Tweeddale, Marquis of, 82, 115. 
 Tyburn Road, 50. 
 Tyrawley, Lord, 81. 
 
 U. 
 
 Udny, John, 209. 
 Udny, Mr., 237 ; Mrs., 237. 
 Udny, Robert, 149, 210. 
 Usher, John, 25. 
 Uxbridge, Lord, 215. 
 
 V. 
 
 Valiancy, General, letter from, to Caleb 
 Whitefoord, 261 ; letter to, from 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 262. 
 
 Vandyke, Sir Anthony, 267. 
 
 Vangeliste, 176; his Death of Pyramus 
 and Thisbe, 176. 
 
 Vaughan, John, 210. 
 
 Vaughan, Mr., 186, 192. 
 
 Venice, 184, 202, 209. 
 
 Vernon, Admiral, 49, 71. 
 
 Versailles, 172, 201. 
 
 Vigne, Mr., 265. 
 Vigo, descent on, 16. 
 Vitfort, Mons., 208. 
 Voltaire's Candide, 184. 
 
 W. 
 
 Wade, Marshall, 81. 
 
 Wadham College, 173. 
 
 Waite, Mr., 108. 
 
 Wakeman, James, 66. 
 
 Walch, James, 25. 
 
 Waldegrave, 108. 
 
 Waldershare, 233. 
 
 Wale, Lieutenant John Capell, 66. 
 
 Walker, George, 263, 264 ; letter from, 
 
 to Caleb Whitefoord, 264. 
 Walpole, Sir Robert, 225. 
 W T arburton, Bishop, 229. 
 Waterford, no. 
 Watson, 124, 268. 
 
 Wayne, Lieutenant Thomas, 25, 26. 
 Webb, Captain, 19. 
 Wedderburn, Mr., 200. 
 Weir, 268. 
 Wentworth, General, 18, 22, 53, 71 ; 
 
 letter to, from Charles Whitefoord, 31. 
 West, Admiral, 133. 
 West, Benjamin, 257 ; letter from, to 
 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 248. 
 West, James, letter from, to Caleb 
 
 W T hitefoord, 257 ; Mrs., 257. 
 West, Mr., 172, 250. 
 West, Quartermaster, 66. 
 West Indies, 22, 34; expedition to, 13, 
 
 20. 
 
 Westminster, 234; Hall, 150, 151. 
 Weymouth, 204. 
 White, Captain, 241, 242. 
 White, Lieutenant Thomas, 25, 26 ; 
 
 letter from, to Charles Whitefoord, 
 
 69. 
 Whitefoord, Allan, 2, 5, 8, 12, 30, 44, 
 
 100, 114-6, 126, 136, 141 ; letters to, 
 from Caleb Whitefoord, loi, 134; 
 
 letters to, from Charles Whitefoord, 
 
 33, 4- 
 
 Whiteford, Caleb, 140, 164, 171, 173, 
 235, 238, 239, 248, 250, 260; his 
 anecdotes of the treaty negotiations, 
 187-189; his Horse Races, 143; 
 Philo-Veritas, his pseudonym, 143; 
 his Ship News, &c., 143 ; 
 
 Letters from, to the American 
 Philosophical Society, 210; Thomas 
 Brown, 126, 136; James Coutts, 
 120; Thomas Coutts, 218, 222; 
 Sir Archer Croft, 137; Alexander 
 Dow, 168 ; William Dundas, 198; 
 David Garrick, 164 ; Knight, 143, 
 207; General Reid, 202; Stafford, 
 
INDEX. 
 
 291 
 
 139; Stair, 117, 1 1 8, 128; Frederic 
 Stuart, 180, 182 ; John Sutton, 208 ; 
 General Valiancy, 262 ; Allan White- 
 foord, 101, 134; 
 
 Letters to "from Bennet Allen, 173 ; 
 John Anderson . 1 74 ; T. Bradshaw, 
 146; Thomas Brown, 123, 170, 177, 
 258; William Brummell, 171; the 
 Earl of Buchan, 259, 263, 267 ; Wil- 
 liam Burnet, 131 ; Sir George Cole- 
 brook, 262 ; J. J. Copley, 256 ; 
 James Coutts, 151 ; Thomas Coutts, 
 156, 174, 203, 205, 206, 209, ai2, 
 
 214-6, 220, 221, 232, 233, 235-8, 
 
 242-5, 258; John Croft, 223, 233; 
 Noel Desenfans, 257 ; Isaac DTs- 
 raeli, 255; Alexander Dow, 168 ; 
 Andrew Erskine, 213; Lady For- 
 tescue, 265 ; Benjamin Franklin, 141, 
 197, 200; W. T. Franklin, 190, 
 198 ; David Garrick, 165 ; Valentine 
 Green, 250, 251, 253; Warren 
 Hastings, 252 ; Lord Hinchinbrook, 
 197; James Hunter, 144; John 
 Mackenzie, 145, 150 ; James Mac- 
 pherson, 162, 217; Sir John Mac- 
 pherson, 245, 268 ; James Mundell, 
 140; Robert Mylne, 176, 184; 
 Richard Oswald, 183, 185, 191, 192; 
 Thomas Powell, 256 ; General Reid, 
 201 ; W. Roberts, 175 ; John Robin- 
 son, 254, 255 ; J. S., 147 ; Sir George 
 Sandilands, 260; Lord Sandwich, 
 266; James Scott, 152, 240, 246, 
 249; James Sinclair, 125; Sir John 
 Sinclair, 264, 265 ; Tobias Smollett, 
 148; Archibald Stewart, 122; John 
 Strange, 202; Robert Strange, 172; 
 Mr. Stuart, 171; Robert Tickell, 
 189; P. Touch, 212; General Val- 
 iancy, 261 ; George Walker, 264 ; 
 Benjamin West, 248 ; James West, 
 257; Andrew Wilson, 266; H. S. 
 Woodfall, 147, 150, 151, 154, 162, 
 163 ; W. Woodfall, 155, 161. 
 
 Whitefoord, Caleb, Mrs., 253, 255, 260, 
 264, 268, 269 ; letter to, from Mrs. 
 Adolphus, 249. 
 
 Whitefoord Caleb, and Thomas Brown, 
 Case of, 192-196; letter to, from 
 Basil Keith, 146. 
 
 Whitefoord, Charles, i, 17, 20, 25, 50, 
 5 1 ; 58, 59, 61, 64, 66, 67, 70, 89, 94, 
 96, 97, 101, 113, 117; his account 
 of Culloden, 76-80 ; accounts of his 
 company of marines, 21-4; his claim 
 of General Wynyard, 94, 96 ; his 
 defence of Sir John Cope, 83-94; 
 last wishes of, 117. 
 
 Letters from, to Toomes Balfour, 
 
 36 ; Captain Brown, 44 ; Lord Cath- 
 cart, 26 ; William Congreve, 49 ; Sir 
 John Cope, 53, 70, 72 ; Thomas 
 Corbett, 38; Captain John Dal- 
 rymple, 9, 30, 39; Robert Dal- 
 rymple, 42; Captain Douglas, 34, 
 35; the Earl of Glencairn, 41 ; the 
 Earl of Home, 74 ; Major John 
 Irwin, 104, 1 06 ; Archibald Patoun, 
 51 ; Mrs. John Stewart, 101 ; General 
 Wentworth, 31 ; Allan Whitefoord, 
 33, 40 ; Hugh Whitefoord, 2, 5, 6, 8, 
 12; Sir John Whitefoord, 43, 71; 
 Captain Alexander Wilson, 98 ; 
 
 Letters to, from Charles Brown, 48 ; 
 Sir John Cope, Si, 103; Lieutenant 
 John Fergusson, 27 ; Major John 
 Irwin, 105, 107, 109, in, 116; the 
 Earl of Lauderdale, 98 ; Thomas 
 White, 69; Sir John Whitefoord, 
 1 06, no, 113, 114; Captain Alex- 
 ander Wilson, 95. 
 
 Whitefoord, Hugh, 10, 99; letter from, 
 to Lord Cathcart, i ; letters to, from 
 Charles Whitefoord, 2, 5, 6, 8, 12. 
 
 Whitefoord, Sir John, second Baronet, 
 a, 72 ; letters from, to Charles White- 
 foord, 106, no, 113, 114; letters to, 
 from Charles Whitefoord, 43, 71. 
 
 Whitefoord, Sir John, third and last 
 baronet, 171, 178, 191, 214. 
 
 Whitefoord, Miss. See Dalrymple, Mrs. 
 John. 
 
 Whitehall, 32. 
 
 White Place, 249. 
 
 Whitney, Shuckburgh, 91. 
 
 Wiggins, Mr., 114. 
 
 Wi Ikes, John, 153. 
 
 Wilkie, Sir David, 260, 261, 268 ; his 
 Letter of Introduction, 260. 
 
 Wilkinson, 55 ; Captain, 98. 
 
 Wilks, actor, 167. 
 
 Williams, Mr., 176, 197. 
 
 Wilmot, Sir Robert, 103. 
 
 \Vilson, Captain Alexander, 4, 5, 12, 
 13, 26, 101, 102; letter from, to 
 Charles Whitefoord, 95 ; letter to, 
 from Charles Whitefoord, 98. 
 
 Wilson, Andrew, 267; letter from, to 
 Caleb Whitefoord, 266. 
 
 Wilton, sculptor, 146. 
 
 Wimpole Street, 257. 
 
 Wishaw, Hamiltons of, 27, 28. 
 
 Woffington, Peg, 133. 
 
 Wolfe, Edward, 31. 
 
 \Volfe, James, 53. 
 
 Wolfgang, George Augustus, 203; his 
 portrait of Handel, 203. 
 
 Wood, 118; Adam, 120. 
 
 Wood, Lieutenant John, 21, 22, 24, 25. 
 
292 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Woodfall, H. S., letters from, to Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 147, 150, 151, 154, 162, 
 
 163. 
 Woodfall, W., letters from, to Caleb 
 
 Whitefoord, 155, 161. 
 World, the, 206. 
 
 Wray, Lieutenant Christopher, 66. 
 Wren, Sir Christopher, 176. 
 W'right, Lieut-Colonel William, 62; 
 
 his memorial, 80. 
 
 Wright's portrait of Franklin, 212. 
 Wynyard, General John, 49, 51, 52, 
 
 95> 97> 99> 10 J Charles White- 
 foord 's claim on, 94, 96. 
 
 Y. 
 
 York, 224-7, 22 9 2 3 T > 2 4 2 5 Duke of, 
 
 204. 
 
 Young, Henry, 66. 
 Young, Sir William, 67. 
 
 Zalla, Lady, 101. 
 Zobrany, 179. 
 
 ERRATUM 
 Page 230, line 9, for Marsiaux read Marivanx. 
 
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