SEAVER HACK UCSB LIBRARY PARLOR TABLEAUX AMATEUR THEATRICALS. BY WILLIAM F. GILL, BOSTON: J. E. TILTON AND COMPANY. I 87 I. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1866, by J. E. TILTON & CO., In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts. TO HAMMATT BILLINGS, AS A TRIBUTE TO HIS SURPASSING GENIUS AS AN ARTIST, AND HIS MANY ESTIMABLE QUALITIES AS A FRIEND, THIS VOLUME IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED BY THE AUTHOR. INTRODUCTION. THE growing popularity of exhibitions of Tableaux Vivants, the success which almost invariably attends them, and the great desire among the rjsing genera- tion to participate in this simple and elegant amuse- ment, have induced the author to make a collection of subjects best adapted for such performance, which would include the most novel selections from all sources, and .at the same time be so practical in every respect as to admit of their successful repre- sentation by the most inexperienced. Tableaux have, for several years, been a favorite entertainment with persons of taste ; and the principal attraction of many charitable exhibitions for the benefit of worthy objects have consisted, in numerous instances, of these beautiful pictures, which, produced with- out any great expense, yet gave the greatest satis- faction to appreciative audiences, and were consid- 5 6 INTRODUCTION. ered amply equivalent to the pecuniary consideration offered for the cause. In view of the fact that a vast number of subjects suitable for tableau representa- tion have been furnished by many incidents of that time, the numerous improvements that have been made in the mechanical production of tableaux, and that no publication including these features has been presented to the public during this time, it is hoped that this manual may be found to comprise all that a patient research through all kinds of material could gather, and be the humble means of a thorough grati- fication of a pure and commendable taste. A pro- gramme for an evening's entertainment should con- sist of from five to ten designs, including varied selections of classical and domestic, serious and comic, tableaux. Music, both vocal and instrumental if pos- sible, should be given between the different repre- sentations, to afford time for the necessary prepara- tions, and prevent any delay, which too frequently occurs, and detracts from the interest of the perform- ance by wearying the audience. As it may be de- sired, by many who are interested in this subject, to possess a complete apparatus for producing tableaux, I will give a brief description of machinery and stage-appurtenances used in their representation. INTRODUCTION. 7 The Stage. The most approved form of tableau- stage, and of the most recent fashion, consists of five pieces, forming, when placed together, a platform twelve feet long, eight feet wide, and from two and a half to four feet high, according to the length of the hall or room : the longer the room, the higher the stage. The larger and central portion of the plat- form is of circular form, and about six feet in diame- ter : the top of this piece is covered with smooth boards, cut out, and rounded on the edges. This part of the section rests upon an iron pivot, which passes through the centre. A frame of thick planks diverging from the centre, six in number, like the spokes of a wheel, supports the top ; and small iron wheels, attached to the planks securely, roll upon the floor of this piece, which should also be of boards. A rope wound around the plank frame several times, the end passing through a hole in the stage outside, en- ables the manager of the tableau to revolve this cen- tral platform with any degree of rapidity he may desire ; and beautiful effects may be produced by placing the figures upon this platform in a circle, so that a constantly-changing view is presented to the audience, while the machinery producing it is invisi- ble. The other four portions of the stage form the 8 INTRODUCTION. corners ; two of their sides meeting in an angle, while the third is curved, so as to fit on to the central por- tion. The top of the stage and sides may be painted green, which will render the use of a carpet unneces- sary ; and the stage will always be ready for use. This form of a stage is, of course, more expensive than one made of boards and joist : but it is at the same time very convenient for carrying from place to place ; while it. is greatly superior to a stationary stage, in the numerous changes it is capable of pro- ducing in moving-pictures. A few instances where it would be particularly advantageous are mentioned in the list of tableaux ; but it may be applied to a much greater number of those included in this vol- ume. A stage for a parlor may be made of boards joined in three or four sections, so as to be put to- gether in a few minutes, forming a platform of the same surface as the one just described, and placed upon four boxes two or three feet in height ; or quite a respectable temporary stage may be made by un- hinging two closet or any interior doors, removing the knobs, if they have them, and mounting them in the same way upon boxes : of course the doors are not injured, being covered by some carpet, and are strong enough to bear six or eight persons. I have known INTRODUCTION. 9 one of the most successful exhibitions I ever witnessed given on such a stage as the one just described. The front of the stage should be covered by a strip of green cambric, tacked on to the boards, and hang- ing to the floor of the room. The frame for the scenery used in tableaux, either in a hall or parlor, should be made of four pieces of small joist, mortised at the corners of the stage, and reaching just above the top of the curtain. They should be joined together by four narrow boards two inches thick. A frame for the front of tableaux is fre- quently made. It consists of three pieces of board, eight inches wide, placed across the top and sides of the opening, and covered with buff wall-paper, with a bordering of gilt paper. The back of the stage should be covered with black or purple cambric cur- tains, placed close to the wall of the room. There should also be another set of curtains, of the same width, for " vision" scenes. For the sides of the stage, four frames, of the height of the curtain and two feet wide, made of narrow strips of wood, and covered with black or purple cam- bric, should be made : these are called wings, and are placed so as to hide the light used in illuminating the tableaux, and to close in the sides. In the centre of the 10 INTRODUCTION. top of the frame of each of these wings a groove two inches wide is made, which fits into the side-pieces of the frame-work at the top, securely holding them in place. Wings may also be made by attaching the cambric to narrow pieces of wood at the top and bot- tom, and securing them to the frame by a hook. The top of the stage 'should be closed in by flies, which consist of strips of blue or dark cambric, attached to narrow strips of wood, and placed across the top of the frame in front of the wings. The curtain may be made of green cambric, having a roller of wood at the top and bottom : if small, it can be rolled from one side, like a window-curtain ; or it may be raised like a regular stage-curtain, which is provided with a row of rings or leather loops, placed at intervals of a foot along the sticks at the top and bottom, and smaller brass rings placed at the same distance, on the back of the curtain from top to bottom. Cords are run through all these rings, and pass outside over a pulley, drawing the curtain up in folds. Another form is to have two pieces of scenery, painted in imitation of clouds, placed in front of the opening, and running in a groove, so that they can be drawn aside like fold- ing-doors. Of course, there would have to be consid- erable space on either side to manage this ; but the INTRODUCTION. 11 effect is quite pleasing. A very pretty idea for a small stage is to have the frame made of wide gilt picture-moulding; the curtains being of crimson cam- bric, arranged so as to draw apart. Costumes neces- sary for tableaux can generally be got up by persons of ingenuity with but little trouble. In large cities, where costumes can be hired readily at a small ex- pense, many will doubless avail themselves of this facil- ity ; but in places more remote the ambitious manager must not despair, but must remember that these liv ing pictures depend for their success upon the general efl'ects of light and shade more than upon the quality of the dresses. For instance, in statuary tableaux, justly considered the most beautiful given, the figures are invariably dressed in cotton sheets, no other mate- rial approaching this simple costume in its likeness to the original ; and there can be no doubt that the most elegant dresses of v.elvet and gold can, aided by the strong light of the tableaux, be equalled in richness of appearance by costumes manufactured of simple cambric and gilt paper. In this collection there are, however, a great number which will require no dresses or stage properties that cannot be found in any ordi- nary household : and if it is not desired to erect a stage, or put up a curtain, why, a parlor with folding- 12 INTRODUCTION. doors will answer all purposes ; or the tableaux can be prepared in any ordinary room, and the audience called in when ready for exhibition. Where tableaux are performed in a hall, there will generally be a large space on either side of the stage which will require to be closed in by cambric curtains, sheets, or flags, attached to the frame of the stage, and extending to the wall. Foot-lights are almost indispensable to a stage of any size ; and, where gas cannot be obtained, they may consist of candles or kerosene-lamps, with tin reflectors in front of them. "Within the last two years, there has been an important scientific discovery made, which has induced a marked improvement in the mode of illuminating tableaux : this is the mag- nesium light. A solidified combination of this mine- ral is so prepared, as to be readily ignited with a common match ; and burns with nearly forty times the intensity of gas, with a most brilliant white flame. It is put up in the form of short, narrow strips, and in coils of wire ; the strips being rather better for stage- purposes, as they do not burn quite as rapidly as the wire. A substance like this, that is ready for use at ah 1 times, can be carried in a small compass, and, c f such superior quality of illuminating power, is, of INTRODUCTION. 13 course, a great acquisition. It is in fact, when in use, the only really necessary light for tableaux ; for by means of a small tin or wooden box, with one side opened, and furnished with slides of glass of different colors, any shade of light may be produced by igniting the magnesium in the box after placing it upon a small piece of tin, and putting in a glass of the de- sired color. In any of our large cities, the magnesium- lamp may be obtained for any length of time desired by the payment of a small fee. This is quite elaborately arranged for burning the wire, is more convenient than using a box, and costs no more than the strips of wire which would otherwise be consumed. For a single evening's entertainment, where it is desired to have little trouble, the magnesium may be burned on a piece of tin, with a pasteboard behind to throw the light upon the stage. Our readers living out of town can order the magnesium through any promi- nent chemist or druggist in our large cities. Ordi- nary kerosene-lamps, placed in large boxes, with tin reflectors, will furnish a good but not very strong light ; and half a dozen of these lamps placed on the % sides of the stage, with pasteboard placed behind, will do for a small stage. A hall-stage should have, if possible, in addition to 14 INTRODUCTION. the foot-lights, a row of similar lights over the top, behind the flies, which are called head-lights, and, for the general order of tableaux, will, with the foot- lights, give sufficient illumination. Colored lights, and lights for vision-scenes, are explained in the lat- ter pages of the book. In describing the subjects given in this collection, it has been almost entirely without reference to scenery, for the reason that it is presumed the majority of readers will prefer their representation as simple as possible ; while, on the other hand, when it is desired to produce them with every such accessory as will add to the brilliant effect, the subject will suggest what scenery is most appropriate, and the taste of the manager will need no other direction. The properties used in the pieces (that is, the chairs, tables, or any other article aside from the costumes) will be found mentioned sepa- rately in connection with the subjects to which they belong ; and no list of necessary articles will be given here, as they will be found quite as readily in their appropriate places. No matter whether the parties are experienced or inexperienced, two or three re- hearsals of positions,