UCSB LIBRARY LEADING Manufacturers and Merchants OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE REVIEW OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES OF Portsmouth, Great Falls, Concord, Rochester, Nashua, Laconia, Dover, Manchester, Keene, ana Claremont. ILLUSTRATED. INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY, PUBLISHERS 102 CHAMBERS STREET, NEW YORK. CHICAGO AND PHILADELPHIA. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1887, by INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY, in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. INTRODUCTORY. IN presenting this work to the public, and more directly to the citizens of New Hampshire, only a word or two is required to explain its character. Indeed, the work explains and vindicates itself. Devoted to the manifold industrial interests of the leading manufacturing centres of the State, it presents in an intelligent and concise manner an attractive review of the multifarious business activities that give it commercial importance and prosperity. As a record of the manufacturing and mercantile industries in the principal cities and towns, we confidently believe it will not only accomplish much towards their encouragement, but will also bring to the attention of many thousands of business men in other and remote parts of the Union grateful and interesting information respecting the manufactures and general trade that nourish here. If there are qualities for which these people are distinctively noted above others, they consist in the pluck, energy, and ingenuity they have exercised in conquering honorable place, name, and good fortune for themselves, commercially and socially. It is workers of this sort that have rolled it onward to its present position. The avenues opened by the inventor, the manufacturer, the merchant, have been often indeed beset by obstacles, but these have been obliged to give way to innumerable utilities of inestimable worth and value. What though personal benefit may have been in the vast majority of instances the incentive of their endeavor? Their activity, their enterprise, their persistence, their courage, have wrought the manu- facturing and commercial successes illustrated and described in the following pages. The data given in them have been drawn from the most authentic sources, have been carefully collated and intelligently revised, and the utmost care has been exercised in order that the information herein given may be relied upon as accurate. The reader will observe that while the largest and practically leading enter- prises in the general lines of business are treated at some considerable length, many smaller and less prominent concerns are also reviewed, for the simple reason that each one of the latter in its own way and in its own special department has contributed its share to the general prosperity and wealth of the various commu- nities mentioned. As intimated above, the circulation of this work will not be limited to those portions of New Hampshire of which it treats. It will reach to distant sections of the country, and many volumes will traverse the ocean and enter foreign manu- facturing and mercantile houses, imparting to their proprietors a fund of infor- mation that cannot but prove novel and interesting. The publishers of this work beg to acknowledge the essential service rendered, by many gentlemen in its preparation, for which they are sincerely thankful. INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING COMPANY. NEW HAMPSHIRE. INDEX OF TOWNS. PAGE STATE OP NEW HAMPSHIRE 21 PORTSMOUTH 35 DOVER 64 ROCHESTER 88 GREAT FALLS 100 NASHUA Ill MANCHESTER 141 CONCORD 178 LACONIA 209 KEENE 213 CLAEEMONT... . 223 GENERAL INDEX. PAGE Abbott-Downing Co., The, mfrs. coaches, etc., Concord 202 Abbott & Webber, groceries, Rochester 98 Adams, G. W., groceries, etc., Manchester 155 Aldrich, Don H., drugs, etc, Concord .. 203 Aldrich. G. H. & Son. insurance, Keene 217 American Shearer Mfg. Co , Nashua 123 Amory Mfg. Co., Manchester 156 Amoskeag Mfg. Co., mfrs. tickings, etc., Manchester.. 154 Anioskeag National Bank. Manchester 155 Amoskeag Savings Bank, Manchester 157 Anderson & Junkins, carpenters, etc., Portsmouth... 49 Armstrong, 31., plumber, etc. . Keene 21? Atlantic Tea Co., Dover 84 Ayers, A. R., carpetings. etc. , Concord 193 Babbidge, W. J., boots and shoes, Rochester Bacon, C. E., jeweller, etc., Dover Baker, W. S. , tailor, Concord Bailey & Davis, mfrs. stove and kitchen goods, Roches- ter. Bailey, H., mfr. undershirts, etc., Claremont Balcom, Geo. L., mfr. woollen goods, Claremont Baldwin, The James, Co., mfrs, bobbins, etc., Manches- ter Baldwin, Dr.. dental rooms, Nashua Ballard, J. H., insurance, Concord Baril & Grenier, druggists, Manchester Barker, J. L. & Co., groceries, flour, etc., Nashua ... Bartlett & Doak, mfrs. shoes, Laconia Barr & Co. , hardware, iron, etc., Nashua Barry, E. C. , meats, etc., Dover Baty, Isaac, stoves, tinware, etc., Concord Bea'l, J. R. & Co., tailors, etc., Keene Beals, H. R., dentist, Keene Berry. J. S., boots, shoes, etc., Manchester Blaisdell & Perkins, groceries, etc., Manchester Blaisdell's stove store, Portsmouth Blanchard & Co., mfrs. corn meal, etc., Concord. . . . Blood, A. J. & Co., West Indian goods, etc., Nashua. . Blue Store, The, dry -goods, Claremont Bod well, L. B. & Co., coal, wood, etc., Manchester . . Boston Branch, The, boot and shoe store, Claremont . . Boston Branch Grocery, Keene Boston Clothing House, The, Great Falls Boston 99-Cent Store, S. E. Butterfleld, prop., Man- chester Boucher, A., groceries, etc., Claremont Boyuton, C. E., mfr. soda, mineral water, etc., Ports- mouth Bradbury, Geo. H., groceries, etc., Dover Bradley, W. G., boots, shoes, etc,, Rochester Bragdon, Oren & Son, mfrs. boots, shoes, etc., Ports- mouth Brason, J. P., mfr. fine cigars, Portsmouth Breacham, C. S. & Son, flour, corn, etc., Great Falls. . Breed Shoe Co., Rochester Brewster. E. V. & Co., boots, shoes, etc., Dover Brickett, H. W., fine groceries, Concord Bridgman, C. & Co., groceries, etc., Keene Briggs, J , glass, etc., Manchester Brooks, J. & Co., flour, grain, etc., Portsmouth Brooks, H. L., pharmacist, Claremont Broughton, John H , lumber, Portsmouth Browne & Stevens, periodicals, etc., Browne, W. E., watchmakers, etc., Dover Bryant & Stratton, business college, Manchester Bullard & Foster, drugs, etc., Keene Butler, hatter, etc., Portsmouth Canney, H. E., livery stable, etc., Dover 87 Campbell, W. H., mfr. paper boxes 138 Campbell & Williams, printing, Manchester 175 Campbell, Z. Foster, druggist, etc., Manchester 161 Call. T. E. & Son, lumber, etc., Portsmouth 48 Capital Fire Assurance, Nashua 127 Carr, Norman G., jeweller, etc., Concord 200 Carr, J. C., boots, shoes, etc., Portsmouth 43 Carswell & Brown, groceries, etc., Manchester 174 Carter, A. & Son, dry -goods, carpeting, etc., 105 Cavanaugh Brothers, wholesale dealers in horses, etc., Manchester 167 Chandler. S. D., Nashua, elevator and grist-mill 129 Chamberlain, W. P. , dry-goods, Keene 220 Chapman, J. H., merchant tailor, Nashua 140 Chase & Richards clothing, Keene, 219 Cheney, P. C., Co., mfrs. paper, etc.. Manchester 157 Cheshire House. M. J. Sherman. Keene 221 Cheshire Provident Institution, The, Keene 219 Chicago Meat Co., Portsmouth 63 Churbuck, G. H., groceries, etc., Dover 69 Clapp, Allen, N., wholesale kerosene oil, Manchester.. 161 Clapp & Co., brass and iron founders, Concord 197 Claremont National Bank 227 Clark Bros. , fancy goods, Manchester 172 Clark, Chas. W., shoes, Concord 190 Clark, D. E., dry -goods, Concord 207 Clark, M. V. B., groceries, etc., Keene 216 Clark, W. D., groceries, etc., Great Falls 107 dough, Geo. H., watches, etc., Rochester 99 Coburn, E. R., & Co., mfrs. picture frames, etc., .Manchester 173 Coleman, F. B.. druggist, etc., Portsmouth 61 Collins, I. A., photographer, Rochester 97 Conant's Steam Laundry, Concord 198 Concord Manufacturing Company, The, mfrs. flan- nels, etc., Concord 301 Concord Steam Laundry, J. H. Toof, prop., Concord. 192 Conn, Wm., wholesale butter, cheese, etc., Portsmouth. 57 Connell, Jas. R., jeweller, etc., Portsmouth 47 Cook, O. H., photographer, Portsmouth 54 Co-operative Store, J. H. Stillings, prop.. Great Falls. 105 Corey, Wm., mfr. knitting-machine latch-needles, Manchester 175 Cotton, C. R., & Co., groceries, etc 133 Courser, W. M., groceries, etc., Dover 72 Crawford & Stockbridge. bookbinders, Concord 195 Crippen, Lawrence, & Co., Kansas mortgages, etc., Concord 194 Crosby Invalid Furniture Company, The, Nashua 128 Cummings Bros., marble and granite monuments, etc., Concord 201 Currier, Edward H., apothecary, Manchester 155 Cushing & Delany, grocers, etc., Dover 83 Daniels, Joel & Co., painting, etc., Manchester Davis Bros., photographers, Portsmouth Davis, F. G. , groceries, etc. , Concord Davis, Moses, city undertaker, etc., Nashua Davis, Wright & Co., Cheshire Co. stove store, Keene. Dearborn, John C., merchant tailor. Great Falls De Courcy, Wm., tailor, Portsmouth Dickerman, Leavitt & Co., wholesale groceries, etc.. Dodge's Hotel, Rochester Dondero & Co., wholesale fruits, Dover Dover Beef Co Dover Five Cent Saving Bank Dover National Bank Dover Steam Loundry Dow, F. C., boots and shoes, Manchester Downs, A. K., flour, etc., Great Falls Downs, J. O., & Co., fish and meat, Portsmouth Dows & Wheeler, architects. Concord Dunbar. J. D., Livery, etc., Keene Dunn, Geo., brewers' agent, etc., Dover Dumas, J. A., dry and fancy goods, Great Falls Durgin, Wm. B., silversmith, Concord Dyke, S. A., harness, etc., Claremont GENERAL INDEX. Ellis. W. B., & Co., clothing, etc.. Claremont 232 Emerson, Clias.. & Sous. French china, etc., Dover... 85 Emerson & ALayuard, tailors, etc., Nashua 139 Emery. John, mant'r. monuments, etc., Great Falls. 107 Evans, Ira C., printing. Concord 191 Evans, Henry, furniture, etc., Rochester 99 Everett Knitting Works, mt'rs. cardigan jackets, etc., Manchester 170 Fairbanks, H. B., auctioneer, etc., Manchester 177 Faucher, H. I., provisions, etc., Manchester 172 Feinemau, F., merchant tailor, Rochester 94 Felton, S. A., & Son, mt'rs. brushes, Manchester 157 First National Bank, Nashua 124 First National Bank of Concord, N. H., The 190 First National Bank, Portsmouth 45 First National Bank, The, of Manchester 153 Fisher, Edwin C., photographers. Claremont 230 Fitzgerald. Rufus. mfr. leather belting, Nashua 127 Flanders &. VVessen, beef, pork, etc., Nashua 126 Flather & Co., machinists tools, etc., Nashua 119 Fletcher & Tan ton, furniture, etc., Portsmouth 57 Flyun Bros., meats, groceries, etc.. Portmouth 55 Folsom. E. \V., jeweller, etc.. Great Falls 107 Ford & Kimball, car wheels, Concord 195 Forsaith. S. C., Machine Co., infrs. circular saw mills, etc., Manchester 160 Foss, J. W.. & Co., musical .instruments, etc., Dover. 74 Foster, G. W., music store, Keene 222 Foye, M. C.. fancy goods, etc., Portsmouth 47 French, J. T., doors, sash, etc., Portsmouth 61 French. Geo. B.. dry -goods, etc., Portsmouth 51 Frost, J. E., steam and shingle mill, Berwick 110 Gay, Arthur E., steam, gas. and water fitt'g, Nashua. 131 Gee. Austin W.. undertaker, etc., Claremont 226 Gerrish, S. J., groceries, etc., Portsmouth 49 Giffin & Son, coal. Keene 221 Glendon House, East Rochester 93 Globe Tea. Coffee, and Variety Store, The, W. B. Neal, prop., Rochester 93 Goodrich, H. M.. furnaces, etc., Nashua 135 Goodrich, Mercer, books, etc., Portsmouth 57 Goodwin. H. C., pharmacist 81 Granite Hosiery Mills, Laconia 211 Granite State Fire Insurance Co., Portsmouth 42 Granite State Trust Company, Manchester 159 Grant's Hotel, f. Grant, prop., Great Falls 108 Gray. F. L., funeral furnishers, Manchester 163 Gregg & Son, mf rs. doors, sash, etc., Nashua 123 Griffin, John, hatter, etc., Portsmouth 50 "Grimes' '' Bread, Cake, etc., Dover. 73 Gurnsey Bros. & Co., bakers, etc., Keene 220 H 11. A. S., mfr. loom harness, etc.. Dover 74 Hall. I. D., dry-goods, etc., Claremont 232 Hall, Wm., flour, grain, etc., Nashua 135 Hall. Wm. G., dry-goods, etc., Keene 2]6 Ham. J. T. W., mfr. hats, etc., Dover 7? Hannaford, A. M., coffins, etc.. Claremont 228 Hardy & Co.. groceries, etc., Manchester 168 Hardy, F. C.. dry -goods, etc., Keene 216 Harmon, Chas. H., fruits, confectionery, etc.. Great Falls 106 Harmon. Mrs. C. H., millinery, etc., Great Falls 106 "Hartigan, P. H., groceries. Rochester 99 Hasty Bros., restaurant, etc., Dover 82 Hastings, J., meats, Claremont 226 Haubrick. F., & Co., clothing, etc., Claremont 231 Hawthorne. The. A. R. Place, prop. Great Fails 82 Hayes, A. W^jjeweller, etc., Dover 74 Hayes, Geo. W.. harness, etc.. Dover 75 Heath, Frank E . upholster'd furniture, etc., Concord 195 Heath, T. A., & Co., carpets, etc.. Concord 200 Heath & Stevens, marble and granite works, Man- chester 167 Henderson, C. T., com, flour, etc., Dover 87 Hendrick. A. P., jeweller, etc., Nashua 133 Hersom. L. R.. & Son, wool, etc.. Great Falls 106 Hilton & Willcomb. printers, Manchester 16G Hoit. J. Frank, grocers, etc.. Concord 199 Holman. Chas , mfr. confectionery, Nashua 137 Holt Bms.. infrs. Concord wheels. Concord 196 Hotel Wrisley, Bnelduo & Thurston. proprs 96 Howard & French, mfrs. furniture, Nashua 119 Howe. I. S.. livery and sale stable, Rochester 95 Howes & Ford, printers, etc., Dover 86 Home, S. P., & Co . mfrs. sash, doors, etc., Berwick. 104 Hunt. J. E., druggist. Nashua 118 Humphrey, Dodge & Smith, hardware, etc., Concord. 206 Huse, W. D., knitting-machines, Laconia 212 Ilsley & Moore, insurance, Portsmouth 63 Indian Head Mutual Fire Insurance Co., Nashua ]>:> Indian Head National Bank, Nashua 120 Jackman, S. S., & Co., engineers, etc., Nashua Jackman & Sexton, carpets, etc James Bros., livery stable. Manchester James, E. P , stables, Manchester Jenness & Dowd. mfrs. marble, Portsmouth. Jewell, W. S., wholesale grocer, etc., Manchester Jones, C., & Co.. hardware, etc., Claremont Jones, F. R., fruits, Keene Jones, Frank, brewery. Portsmouth ....'..'..'. Jones & Gordon, millinery, etc . Rochester ! Jones, J. B., auctioneer, etc., Manchester Johnson, E. P., Co., coal, wood, etc . Manchester' Josselyn, L. H., & Co., infrs. furniture, Manchester.. Keene Cash Clothing Store Keene Five Cents Savings Bank Kelley, H. M., mfrs. stoves, etc.. Rochester Kelley, Park H., druggist, Manchester Kendall P. A., mfrs. saws, etc., Nashua Kennard, B. F., drugs, etc. . Dover Kennedy & Miller mfg. company, Portsmouth Killoren Bros., groceries, etc Killoren, M., & Co., dry -goods, etc . Dover Kimball & Co., dry and fancy goods, Nashua Kimball, C. H., piano's, etc., Manchester Kimball. D., & Co . apothecaries. Portsmouth Kimball, O. F., mfr. ladies' furnishing goods, etc., Dover Kimball. O. H., printer and engraver, Manchester Kimball, W. G. C.. photographer. Concord Knowlton & Stone, hardware, etc , Keene 135 164 58 1611 23-> -'1 9 42 92 164 leg 170 220 222 98 165 134 83 56 72 79 140 176 51 73 177 203 222 Ladd W. D., & Co., City Bakery, Manchester 176 Langden Manufacturing Company, fine shirtings, etc., Manchester. . 158 Laue. J. G.. insurance, Manchester .. 167 Lawrence. E Percy, tailor. Portsmouth 48 Leighton. Geo. A., knitting machines, Manchester. . . 169 Lindsey. C. H.. photographer, Nashua US Littlefleld. Frary & Co., furnaces, ranges, etc.. Dover. 77 Loan and Trust Savings Bank, Concord 189 Locke, H. C.. fruits, Portsmouth 60 Locke, L. F.. surgeon, physician, and dentist. Nashua 136 Londonderry Lithia Spring Water Co., Nashua 130 Lord, C. 1j.. fancy goods, etc., Great Falls 108 Lothrop, D., & Co.. clothing, etc.. Great Falls 104 Lothrop, Farnham & Co., clothiers, etc., Dover 70 Lovejoy, G. L., undertaker, etc , Concord 208 Lowell, J. P., "Crockery Hall," etc 84 Lucier & Perrault, dry-goods, etc., Nashua 125 Manchester Beef Co., The 164 Manning. J. K., boots, shoes, etc., Portsmouth 60 Mansion House. The, Rochester 94 Marden & Mygatt, stoves, etc., Nashua 137 Marshall, H , wholesale produce, Manchester 165 Marshall & Knowlton, pharmacists. Manchester 168 Marston, C E , foundry and machine works. Dover.. 81 Marston, J. N , real estate, etc.. Manchester 174 Martin, C. H., & Co., drugs, etc.. Concord 1> Martin. L., livery stable, etc., Keene 217 McCrillis, Herbert, groceries, etc.. Rochester 99 McCuIlough & Nichols, livery, Claremont 227 McKean, R. E., tailor. Manchester 152 McQuesten. G. B., West India goods, etc., Nashua. .. 135 McQuesten & Co., flour, grain, etc.. Nashua 118 McQuesten & Chase, ice. wood, etc . Nashua 137 Mead, Lewis K., druggist. Manchester 163 Mead, Mason & Co.. contractors, etc.. Concord 193 Meader, J. J., clothing. Rochester 95 Merrimack County Savings Bank, Concord 192 Merrimac Manufacturing Co.. confectioners. Dover. 69 Merrill Brothers, flour, grain, etc., Manchester 155 Merrill. M. J.. real estate. Nashua 118 Meserve. agent for millinery goods. Dover 75 Meserve. J. H., mfr. lumber, etc., Rochester 97 Miller & Putnam, stoves, etc., Claremont 231 Miville, F. C.. drugs, chemicals, etc , Manchester. 172 Montgomery, D. H.. agent, Knabe pianos. Portsmouth 61 Mooar, John, jeweller, Manchester 173 Moody, Estabrook, & Andersons, mfrs. boots and shoes, Nashua 129 Moodie, J. M.. merchant tailor. Great Falls 109 Moore, Geo. H.. boots and shoes, Concord 191 Moore. Geo., druggist, etc.. Great Falls 105 Morrill, J. G., & Co., groceries, etc.. Rochester 96 Morrill, \Vm. A., window-shades, etc., Dover 71 Morrill & Danforth. insuranee, Concord 207 Morse, Jos. P., insurance, etc., Portsmouth. 56 GENERAL INDEX. PAGE Moses Brothers, newspapers, etc., Portsmouth 57 Moses, F. W., pianos, organs, etc., Portsmouth 45 Moses, J. W., tailor, etc., Portsmouth 59 Munns & Paige, steam and gas fitters, etc., Concord. 196 Murdick & Lord, mf rs. fine confectionery, Keene 216 Murphy, David E., dry -goods, Concord 207 Murray & Co., mfg. chemists, etc., Nashua 131 Nashua Bobbin and Shuttle Co 128 Nashua Card and Glazed Paper Co 132 Nashua Lock Co 126 Nashua Savings Bank 127 Nashua Steam Press and Boiler Works, J. J. Crawford & Son. pro s 132 National Rockingham House Stable, N. Jones, prop., Portsmouth 60 National State Capital Bank, Concord 188 Nealley, B., dry goods, etc.. Dover 72 Nelson, Joseph, peanuts, fruits, etc.. Great Falls 110 Nelson, N. C., watchmaker, etc., Concord 208 Newell, L. V., & Co.. photographers. Portsmouth ... 53 New Era Tea Company, Herbert & Tenney, props., Keene 219 New Hampshire Banking Co., Nashua 122 New Hampshire Fire Insurance Co.. Manchester 156 New Hampshire House. M. O. Donnell. prop., Dover. 85 New Hampshire Nat. Bank. Portsmouth 5'J New Hampshire Savings Bank, The. Concord 191 New Hampshire Trust Co., The. Manchester 152 Newman. Chas. T., apothecary, Manchester . 168 Newton, Win. C.,& Son. ship stores, etc., Portsmouth 49 Not-well, H. S., dry-goods, etc.. Nashua 138 Nute, Geo. F., & Co., meats, etc., Dover 82 Nutt, C. H., hardware, etc., Nashua 134 Oliver, F. M., & Co., wholesale boots, shoes, etc., Manchester 153 Osborn. J., mfr. confectionery, Nashua 139 Otis, B. B., doors, sash, etc., Nashua 131 Paare Belting Co. , Concord 200 Palmer & Garmon, Manchester Marble and Granite Works 177 Parker, A. E., fancy goods, etc.. Dover : 70 Parker, John R.. photographer. Great Falls 107 Parshley, A. S., insurance, etc . Rochester 96 Partridge Bros., flour, feed. etc.. Manchester 157 Pattee Bros., house furnishers. Dover 71 Pender, John, insurance. Portsmouth 54 People's Fire Insurance Co., of Manchester 159 People's Savings Bank. The. Manchester 161 Perkins, C. A. H.. books, etc.. Claremont 226 Perkins, W. T., steam and gas fitters, etc , Dover. . 84 Pettee & Adams, flour, grain, etc . Manchester 165 Pettigrew, J., boots, shoes, etc.. Portsmouth 58 Phelps, Geo., & Son. coal, Nashua 134 Phjlbrick. O. F., & Co., coal and wood, Portsmouth . 56 Philbrick, S., & Co., mfr. marble monuments, etc., Portsmouth 53 Phoenix Hotel, Edson J. Hill, manager. Concord 204 Pierce, D. C. M., meats, fish, etc., Dover 82 Pierce, H. W., & Son, machinists, etc , Great Falls. . . 106 Pierce, J. L..& Co., crockery, glassware, etc.. Nashua 125 Pike & Heald, mfrs. of stoves, etc.. Manshester 159 Piscataqua Savings Bank, Portsmouth 52 Poore, D. M., groceries, etc., Manchester 174 Porter, Roger W., mfrs. shuttles, etc., Nashua 140 Portsmouth Brewing Co 52 Portsmouth Marble Works 50 Portsmouth Machine Co 46 Portsmouth Shoe Co., The. Portsmouth 41 Plummer, H. N., mfr. harness, etc., Rochester 98 Hummer. Wm., teas, coffees, etc., Great Falls 109 Prescott Piano and Organ Co., The, Concord 205 Preston, J. W., M.D., druggist, Great Falls 108 Rackley. B. F., apothecary, Dover 78 Rand & Rire. stoves, etc., Claremont 232 Randall, E. H.. steam heating, etc.. Concord 198 Randall. J. D., printer, Portsmouth 59 Rand ill. .J. L ship stores. Portsmouth 60 Ban no, H. C.. mfr. harness, etc., Manchester 165 Ranlet & Marsh, coal, wood. etc.. Concord 197 Reed, Fred.. & Co., fine groceries. Concord 204 Reed, J. Mason, mfr. boxes. Keene 220 Ret-. 1. \Vm. H., meats, Nashua '.. 139 Reynolds, Geo. A., boots, shoes, etc., Dover '. Rich. Brock & Co.. mfrs. sumac linings, etc.. Great Falls 110 Rich &. Higgins, fish, meat, etc., Dover 76 Richards, A. L., dry and fancy goods, Rochester. 92 Richardson, G. G., 5 and 10-cent wares, Manchester 165 PAGE Ricker, F. S., boots and shoes. Great Falls 108 Rider & Cotton, iron, steel, etc.. Portsmouth 44 Rief, Geo. W., mfr. stair-rails, etc., Manchester 154 Roberts, S. J., Jr., meats, etc., Claremont 229 Robinson, J. F., & Co., groceries, etc., Berwick.. 109 Rochester Steam Laundry 99 "Rockingham," The, Portsmouth 43 Rollins, E. H., & Son, bankers, etc., Concord 199 Sampson, W. J., & Co., painters, etc., Portsmouth. .. 44 Sanborn, Chas., furniture, carpets, etc., Great Falls.. 104 San born, J. B., publisher, etc.. Concord 197 San born , W. C. , apothecary, Rochester 97 Sawyer Woollen Mills, Dover 76 Scott. Geo. F., variety store. Claremont 227 Seavey, J. Frank, & Co., clothiers. Dover. 71 Seavey. Woodbury, seeds, agricultural implements, etc.. Portsmouth, 63 Shattuck, E. L , D. D.S., dentist, Nashua 134 Shattuck, G. C., investment securities. Nashua 134 Shaw, Geo. W., & Co.. drugs, Rochester 92 Sheldon Bros., mfrs. furniture, Portsmouth 54 Shelters, Leonard, wholesale hay, flour, etc., Man- chester 166 Shepard, B. F. & S. D., real estate, etc., Manchester. 171 Silsby, G. H. H., & Son. printers, etc.. Concord 207 Simpson. C. E., merchant tailor, etc.. Portsmouth. .. 51 Sinclair, W. W.. fruits, nuts, etc., Rochester 98 Skinner, A. B. & S. W., dry-goods, etc.. Keene 218 Slayton. E. M., wholesale butter, eggs, etc , Man- chester 171 Sleeper & Hood, merchant tailors. Concord 197 Snow, F. C., & Co.. merchant tailors, etc., Dover 81 Smart, Eugene, rifles, guns, etc , Dover 84 Small, D. P., real estate, etc.. Manchester 173 Smith American Organ and Piano Co., The, Man- chester 170 Smith, C. W.. wall-papers, etc 72 Smith, J. A. V.. mfr. Smith's patent steel speeder flier, Manchester 158 Smith & Walker, carriage hardware, Concord 192 Snow, F. C.. Tailors, Dover 81 Spofford, Chas. B., apothecary, Claremont 238 Star Clothing House. Claremont 228 Stearns, H., commission merchant. Nashua 128 Stearns. J. E , & Co , meats, etc.. Manchester. 175 Sterns. Wm . & Co., dry -goods, Dover 74 Stewart. T. W. & J. H., merchant tailors. Concord. . . 205 j Stowell. Geo. H., hardware, etc., Claremont 229 : Straffnrd National Bank. Dover 81 ! Strickland. P.. sailmaker. etc., Portsmouth 59 Stringer, S.. mfr. mineral waters, etc., Rochester 97 Sugar River Paper Mill Company, Claremont 226 Sullivan House. H G. Fitch & Son. props., Claremont. 227 Sullivan & Littlefield, apothecaries, Dover 83 Sullivan Machine Co., The, mfrs. quarrying machines, etc.. Claremont 229 Sweetser, J. P., kitchen furnish 'gs, etc., Portsmouth. 48 Tash, E. S.. & Co., groceries, etc., Dover 77 Tayler, Chas. W., ranges, furnaces, etc , Portsmouth. 55 Taylor. J., & Son, flour, etc., Manchester 174 , Tebbetts, J. M., millinery, Portsmouth 55 I Thacher. J. H., pharmacist, Portsmouth 58 Thorne, E. N . dry and fancy goods. Rochester 95 Thorp & Bartlett, stoves, ranges, etc., Manchester.. . 17C Thorpe. T. L., wool, etc., Manchester 160 Thurston, J. B., mechanical engineer, Concord 192 Thwing, A., Great Falls Book-store 109 Tibbetts, E. A.. & Son, hardware, etc.. Great Falls. .. 107 Tibbetts, R. Frank, watches, clocks, etc . Rochester.. 94 Tilden, G. H., & Co.. booksellers, etc.. Keene 218 Tilton. F. C.. clothing, etc.. Dover 83 Tilton. G. H.. mfr. woollen hosiery, Laconia 211 Tilion, J. s., mfr. saddles, harness, etc., Portsmouth. 47 Towle. John E., & Co., packers pork, lard, etc., Manchester 154 Tremont House. R. K. Sherman & Co. Nashua 120 Trickey. C. H., & Co., coal and wood. Dover 76 Trickey. C. P.. pianos, etc., Manchester 163 Tuft <. ("has. A ., pharmacist, etc.. Dover 77 Twombly, R. H., marble works, Dover 85 Underhill Edge-tool Co., and Amoskeag Axe Co., Nashua 121 Underbill. W. P. & Co., druggists. Concord 190 Union Mortgage and Trust Co., Manchester 171 Union Toy Turning Works, Claremont 231 Vale Mills, mfrs. cambrics, sateens, etc., Nashua 120 Vance, G. R. & Co., stoves, etc., Manchester 166 GENERAL INDEX. Vickery, W. H., apothecary, Dover 73 Wadieigh, G. W.. millinery, etc.. Concord 193 Walker. J. Albert, wholesale and miners' agent for coal, Portsmouth 50 Walker, J., dry-goods, etc., Rochester 98 Walker, Win. 'P.. merchant tailor, Portsmouth 61 Wallace. A. C.,mfr. building lumber, etc.. Manchester. 163 Wallace, E. G. & E., mfrs. leather, etc.. Rochester 94 Wallace, F. L. & Co., city undertakers, etc., Man- chester 170 Ward, A. X., undertaker, etc., Dover 80 Wardner, S., mfrs. fine cigars. Concord 203 Watts, Fred., watches, etc., Manchester 160 Way. Frank L., pharmacist, Manchester 166 Webster House. A. H. Webster, prop., Portsmouth.. 45 Wendell, A. P. & Co.. hardware, etc , Portsmouth... 56 Weeks, M. S., groceries, etc . Great Falls 109 Wells, J. H., ranges, etc.. Portsmouth 62 Whalen, N. J.. mfr. harness, etc , Manchester 168 Wheat, Qeo. E.. dry-goods, Nashua 132 Wheeler, Harry B , printer. Nashua 138 White Mountain Freezer Co., Nashua 122 White Mountain Mills, mfr. of woollen hosiery, etc., Laconia 212 PAGE Whitcomb, E. P., paper-hangings, etc., Keene 217 Wiggin, J. H. & Co., wholesale grocers, etc., Man- chester 160 Wiggin, Chas. AV. & Son, mfg. furniture, Dover 87 Wijfgin, W. S.. groceries, etc.. Dover 84 Winii, A. B., mfg. confectionery, etc., Nashua 133 Winuipiseogee Hosiery Mills, Laconia 811 Winslow, J. H.. boots, shoes, etc. .Dover 85 Williams & Co., successors to Francestown soap- ' stone Co., Nashua 124 Williams, J. B. & Sons, tanner? and mfrs. leather, Dover 80 Wolf, S. & Co., merchant tailors, etc.. Rochester 94 Woods, John, carpetings. etc.. Nashua ... 137 Wood berry, R. H & H. O.. mfrs. shoes. Dover 78 Woodward, C. W. & Co., tailors, etc., Concord 208 Woodward, J. O., & Cory, mfrs. harness, etc., Nashua 125 Worcester & Greenfield, books. Rochester 96 Yeaton, J. R. & Co.. corn. meal, etc., Portsmouth 55 York, Carl E., groceries, etc., Manchester 177 Young, A. J.. D.D.S., Dover 86 Young, J. W., sole leather, etc., Portsmouth 62 NEW HAMPSHIRE. EW HAMPSHIRE is the most mountainous region in the country east of the Rocky Mountains, and it is not inappropriately called "The Switzerland of 'America." The State contains 9,280 square miles ; from north to south, its length is 168 miles, and its width, from east to west, from 90 to 20 miles, its form tapering towards the north ; and it is situated between 42 41' and 50 n' lati- tudes north, and between 70 40' and 72 28' longitudes, west from Greenwich, or between 4 34' and 6 22' east from Washington. On the west it is divided WHITE MOUNTAIN RANGE FROM MILAN. from Vermont by the Connecticut River, and it is bounded on the south by the State of Massachusetts, on the east by the State of Maine and the Atlantic Ocean. New Hampshire has a sea coast of but eighteen miles in length, and the shore is little otherwise than a sandy beach bordered in front by salt marshes, and indented by creeks and coves ; but for grandeur and wild magnificence of scenery that of New Hampshire is not excelled in either the Old or New World. From the lofty summits of its rugged mountains the eye surveys one of the wildest, and, at the same time, enchanting countries of the world, and is never drowsed by monotony ; rocks piled on rocks, clothed in gigantic forest growths and shrubs, 21 STA TE OF NE W HAMPSHIRE. placid lakes embosoming countless verdant islets ; pleasant valleys and farm lands in the highest state of cultivation, successively greet the eye, while the foaming cataract and leap- ing cascade, now rushing down the slopes and dashing through the plains, and winding their way to the sea, enchant the senses and cheat the mind of its cares. The State is alike noted for the extent and variety of its mineral resources, for its farm products, and FRANCONIA MOUNTAINS, FROM THORNTON. for its numerous manufactures. The settlement of New Hampshire dates from 1623, or three years after the arrival of the Puritans at Plymouth, Mass. Unlike Plymouth, however, which was settled by persons who were refugees from religious persecution, New Hamp- shire was first visited by white men in the interest of trade and profit, the region being at the time largely populated by various tribes of Indians. Captain John Mason, obtained in a WHITE MOIXTAIX RANGE FROM JEFFERSON. 1621 a grant ot all the lands between the Naumkeag and Merrimack, and with Sir Frederick Gorges obtained a title to a territory they called Laconia, extending from Merrimack River to the River Sagadahock (or the Kennebeck). The territory first granted to Mason he called ^ Mariana. Designing to establish fisheries, Gorges and Mason sent over from the mother STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. 23 MOUNT MADISON, OF GORHAM. WHITE MOUNTAINS, FROM THE GLEN. 24 STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. country in 1623 a colony, one division of which landed at Little Harbor, on the southern shore of the Piscataqua, and the other settled at Dover. In 1629 Mason obtained a further grant of the land between the Piscataqua (Ports- mouth) and Merrimack, and extending sixty miles into the country. This he called New Hampshire. In 1631 a house called the Great House was built at Strawberry Hill, now Portsmouth. Gorges, in his history of New England, declares "that he could hardly get any persons, for money, to reside" in the country he claimed; but the change of times and interest soon made it a place of refuge for persecuted religionists, and the settlements then advanced rapidly. In 1638 John Wheelright, the brother of the celebrated Mrs. Hutchinson, banished from Massachusetts for his Antinomian principles, came with a num- ber of adherents to Squanscott Falls, and settling there, called the place Exeter. Here the settlers combined as a body politic, chose rulers and swore to obey them. Similar gov- ernments were established by the colonies at Dover and Strawberry Hill. The territories granted to Gorges and Mason were but imperfectly defined, and disputes and jealousies consequently arose between the heirs of Gorges and Mason and the people of Massachu- setts ; and the strong feeling aroused was intensified by Mason using his influence to procure a royal order for a general governor to be appointed for all New Eng- land, and to supercede the governors of Plymouth and Massachusetts. His influ- ence, however, was ineffec- tual, but it was evidently not lightly regarded by Governor Winthrop, of Massachusetts, for the lat- ter, on the demise of Mason, made an entry in the first volume of his journal that his death was a "mercy." Fishing and trading being the sole objects of the set- tlers of New Hampshire, the settlements were slow in their progress for many years, and this was due, in great measure, to the per- ADAMS AND MADISON, FROM GLEN PATH. petual war the people had to keep up with the Indians, for New Hampshire was, perhaps, of all the colonies the one that suffered most from Indian hostilities. The different governments at Exeter, Dover and Strawberry Hill found themselves too weak to bear up against the constant inroads of the red-skinned savages and difficulties born of the colonization of a new territory, and they decided in 1641 to place the whole region under the jurisdiction and government of Massachusetts. New Hampshire, therefore, was part and parcel of the colony of Massachusetts until 1680, when, as the result of com- plaints made by the heirs of Gorges and Mason, and of a commission being given by Charles II to Colonel Nichols, Sir Robert Carr, and two others to investigate the state of the colonies, New Hampshire was decreed a separate province. John Cutt, Esq., of Ports- mouth, was, by royal authority, appointed president, and a council was assigned him by the crown, and a house of representatives was elected by the people. The first assembly, consisting of eleven persons, met at Portsmouth in the same year, and a number of laws were enacted. When James II ascended the English thronf new schemes of oppression STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. 25 were meditated for the colonies, and every vestige of liberty was to be erased. In 1686, under the presidency of Joseph Dudley, New Hampshire again became united with Massa- chusetts, and in that year Sir Edmond Andros arrived in Boston, commissioned as governor- in-chief over all New England, and authorized with his council to make such laws and impose such taxes as he might think proper. New Hampshire had already declared her will, which was offensive to the governing powers, and like her sister colonies, became a prey to his tyranny. The press was shackled, liberty of conscience invaded, and oppressive taxes imposed, and to prevent complaints being heard no person was allowed to leave the country without express license. This state of things continued until the English Revolution in 1688, when Andros was seized by the people and sent home a prisoner. In 1689 Brad- street was appointed governor, and three years later New Hampshire again became, and continued to be for a period of ten years, a separate province, when Joseph Dudley was once more appointed governor, and had Massachusetts also under his charge. Thus the two governments were again united, and so con- tinued from 1702 to 1741, sharing in each other's sympathies and in weal or woe. In the last named year New Hampshire again became a separate province with Benning Wentworth as governor. When the stirring times of the American Revolution came, and the heroes for freedom were called for, New Hampshire furnished her full quota of warriors men strong in lung and muscle, hardened by the laborious occupation of husbandry, reared in the hard- ships of Indian wars, and not a few experienced in those scenes of conflict between England and France, which ended in the reduction of Canada; and when the Mexican and other wars broke out, and especially when the tocsin of the Rebellion was ' sounded, New Hampshire lads, both old and young, were among the first to offer their services in the interests of their common country. New Hampshire has been eminently successful and to-day ranks fourth in the group in point of population as well as in manufactures. A network of railways has placed her in direct communication with all the sea washed and inland States of the Union. The only port of entry in the State is Ports- mouth, but the great bulk of the com- mercial material of New Hampshire is carried to Boston by rail for ex- SILVER CASCADE IN THE NOTCH, portation. The general surface of the country becomes mountainous, principally in the north, the hills increasing in height as they recede from the sea, until they swell to the lofty grandeur of the White Mountains. The slope toward the Connecticut Valley is short and precipitous, and in this direction the only rivers of consequence are the Ammonoosuc and Ashuelot. The Androscoggin passes through the north-eastern part of the State, but in reality this is a river of Maine. The Piscataqua, the only considerable river that has its whole course within the State, is formed by the junction of Salmon Falls and Cocheco Rivers from the north, and several smaller streams from the west, and it is only from this junction to the sea, a distane of ten miles, that it bears the name of Piscataqua. At its mouth is the harbor of Portsmouth, one of the finest harbors in the countrv. The Merrimack rises in the White Mountains, not far 26 STATE OF NEW EAMPSHIEE. MOUNT CARTER, FROM GORHAM. VIEW FROM BRIDGE IN BERLIN. STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. 27 distant from the head of the Saco, and running south through the centre of the State, passes into Massachusetts, where it turns and runs in a north-easterly direction, and falls into the Atlantic. None of the rivers of New Hampshire, however, are much used for navigation, but their banks afford the best of sites for mills and factories ; indeed, it is questionable if any other State in the Union can offer such facilities to manufacturers in the matter of water power as New Hampshire. It is estimated that 1 10,000 acres of the surface of the State are covered with water. Lake Winnipiseogee (called by the Indians Win-ne-pe-sok-ee) is the most extensive sheet of water within its limits, and well might the Indians, charmed by the scenery around it, call it "The Smile of the Great Spirit." It is 23 miles in length, and from 2 to 10 miles in breadth. Upwards of 360 islands are sprinkled over its bosom, and its shores are indented by numerous bays formed by gentle swells of land projecting into the lake and rising gracefully from its waters. It abounds in fish, and its waters are remarkably pure. Being on the route to the White Mountains, it is much visited by travelers, and during the Summer season steamboats are employed on the lake. Lake Umbagog, on the eastern State line, and others in the south and west are smaller, but all are highly picturesque and abound with the most lovely scenery. New Hampshire is known as the Granite State, from the fact that it possesses greater quantities of granite, suited to the purposes of architecture, than any other State. At various points on the very margins, or near the banks, of the Merrimack and Connecticut, are found immense and apparently exhaustless ranges of this stone. Marble is also abundant, as also most of the rocks attributed to the primary era. The mineral resources of the State are by no means insig- nificant. Iron exists in almost S?^ every county. The ore beds that have been chiefly worked are at Franconia and Lisbon, in the northerly part of the State, and these are considered as among the richest in "the country, the ores yielding from 60 to 70 per cent, of metal. Ores of copper are found also at Franconia, Eaton, Warren and other places. The zinc ore mines of Warren and a mine of tin ore at Jackson, near the foot of the White Mountains, are pronounced abounding and rich. The Jackson tin mine was the first valuable tin mine found in the United States. In Eaton are also exten- sive deposits of ores of zinc and lead, mixed in some of the shale with veins of silver, the amount of which is sufficiently great to allow of its being profitably separated. It is more economical to ship grain hereto from the rich fields of the west than to attempt to grow it here. The fields are chiefly given up to the pasturing and breeding of cattle, etc., and to the growth of vegetables, while the dairy products of New Hampshire have an enviable reputation. The natural growths of the country are various kinds of useful timber, as oak, pine, hemlock, ash, beech and birch ; and these in former times contributed the chief mercantile products of the region, and when formed into masts, staves, planks, boards, etc., were largely exported. The sugar maple is also abundant and the pitch yielding pine. Wolves, bears and other fur-bearing animals were formerly very numerous in the State, but a bounty paid by the government for their GIANT'S STAIRS, BARTLETT. 28 STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. destruction has led to their almost complete extermination. The rivers and lakes abound with fish, and wild fowl and game are plentiful in all parts. The manufactures of the state are varied and numerous, and embrace cotton and woolen, iPROFILE HOUSE AND-ECHO LAKE, FRANCONIA NOTCH. WHITE MOUNTAIN S N.Hf paper, iron and steel, machinery, engines, leather, boots and shoes, etc. ; and there are many grist and saw mills, carriage factories, powder mills, hardware, cutlery, etc., factories, etc. In the manufacture of cotton goods New Hampshire ranks second to Massachusetts. Manchester is the principal manu- facturing and most populous City in the State, and Concord is the capital. In 1880 the total population of the State was 346,991, of whom 685 were colored, 14 Chinese and 63 Indians. New Hampshire is divided into ten counties and two hundred and forty-three townships. Appended is a list of the counties, with the names of their capitals given in parenthesis : Eelknap (Gilford), Carroll (Ossipee), Cheshire (Keene), Coos (Lancaster), Grafton (Haverhill and Plymouth), Hillsboro' (Amherst), Merrimack (Concord), Rockingham (Exeter and Portsmouth), Strafford (Dover), and Sullivan (Newport). New Hampshire has always been THE FLUME. alive to the advantages of a thoroughly systematic plan of education, and in all her cities, towns and villages, ample provision is made for the education of the rising generation. STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. 29 Before she founded her own highly popular Dartmouth College, at Hanover, in 1769, she was a liberal contributor to Harvard College. The State is ruled by a governor, executive council, a House of Representatives and a Senate, and the Constitution, as originally drawn, excluded from all public offices those who were moneyless and not of the Protestant faith. New Hampshire has completed a fine system of railroads, and most of the lines in the southern part of the State centre at Concord, the capital, and thence diverge in every direc- tion. To omit mention, in any reference to New Hamshire, of the White Mountains would be equivalent to an attempt to represent Shakespere's play of Hamlet by omitting the char- acter of the Prince of Denmark. The White Mountains are the pride and glory of New Hampshire, are known to all whoever turned over the pages of a school geography in any part of the civilized globe, and with the single exception of the Falls of Niagara no summer resort OWL'S HEAD AND MOOSILAUKE, WARREN, N. H. in the United States has annually so many visitors as the White Mountains. From all parts of the Union, from the British provinces, from the opposite shores of the restless Atlantic, from every part of the new and old world, the lovers of romantic scenery come to admire the rugged sky-piercing peaks, the cultivated and flowery valleys, the winding streams, the glassy lakes, and the dashing cascades of this mountainous region. The White Mountain range is located in Coos, Grafton and Carroll counties, covering an area of about 2,000 square miles, or nearly a third of the northern section of the State. This range of hills, which may be considered as a continuation of the Alleghenies, enters New Hampshire between the Connecticut and Merrimack Rivers, and of which the grand Monadnock, 3,254 feet in height, Sunapee, 4,636 feet, and Moosheloc, 4,636 feet, appear to be links, reaches its greatest ele- vation in Mount Washington, the summit of which is 6,428 feet above the level of the sea. The other principal peaks in this range (for as such it may be described, although it is STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. PEABODY RIVER AND MOUNT WASHINGTON. 8QUAM LAKE AND MOUNT CHOCORUA. STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. 31 not always continuous) are: Mt. Adams, 5,960 feet; Mt. Jefferson, 5,860 feet; Mt. Mad. ison, 5,620 feet; Mt. Monroe, 5,510 feet; Mt. Franklin, 5,050 feet, and others little inferior in elevation, and the Kearsage Mountains rise to the height of 2,480 feet. These mountains are different from most others in being purely of a primitive origin. No organic remains of the transition period have ever been discovered near them, and they are probably the oldest mountains in the world. The mountains are composed of huge rocks of granite and gneiss. Under these hard ledges the most valuable ores exist, but coal and fossils are searched for in vain. Round the bases of these hills are forests of heavy timber, which is succeeded by a belt of stunted fir trees, from 10 to 15 feet high, above this a growth of thick bushes, and farther up the surface is covered with a dark pall of mosses and lichens. The first white men who visited the mountains were Messrs. Neal, Jocelyn and Field in 1632, and a few years afterward others came in search of minerals or game. The White Mountain plateau is approached by travelers from four directions from the east by the Grand Trunk, Eastern and Ogdensburg Rail- roads; from the south by Lake Winnipisogee and the Perni- gewassett Rivers; from the south-west by way of Con- necticut River and the White Mountain Railroad at Little- ton, and from the north by the Grand Trunk at Northum- berland. From all sides the approach is grand, and the mountain combinations are charmingly picturesque, pre- senting every variety of moun- tain scenery, slopes, ravines, precipices, towering cliffs and overhanging summits, and among the foot-hills delightful waterfalls and lakes. The whole of this mountainous region is now well provided with first-class hotels, and excellent accommodation is afforded to tourists. The summit of Mt. Washington can now be reached by railway, and here on this high eminence is a hotel, Summit House. Near the hotel is the observatory of the coast survey, the observing station of the United States Signal Service, and Tip-Top House, the printing and publishing office of Burt's "Among the Clouds," an enterprising newspaper. The climate for three quarters of the year is winter, and yet men, in the interests of science, live here the whole year round. The cold at times is so severe as to freeze the mercury in the thermometer. After Mt. Washington the White Mountain Notch is the great natural feature of the range. " OLD MAN OF THE MOUNTAINS.' 32 STATE OF NEW HAMPSHIRE. WHITE MOUNTAIN NOTCH. 2,000 feet above the rear of the house. In a of August 28th, 1826, great particles of the hurled to the bottom of the chasm. Samuel ber, left their abode, the Wil- ley House, to seek safety else- where, but they were caught by an avalanche and crushed to death, while, the house re- mained uninjured. The bodies of two sons and one daughter were never found, and the rest of the Willey family are interred near the mansion house of Wil- ley Farm at North Conway. The Franconia group of hills abound with objects of interest, notably the scenery of the Franconia Notch, "The Old Man of the Mountains," Profile Lake, Echo Lake, etc. The " natural wonders " pre- sented by the hills and valleys of this region are, once seen, never to be forgotten, and it is not surprising that the summer travel to the "Switzerland of America" is annually increasing. The Notch is a remarkable chasm, two miles in length, and where nar- rowest it is only 22 feet wide. It is the only pass through the great mountain barrier. Through the high, steep precipices, which form its walls, flows one of the head branches of the Saco river, and in its course receives the Waters of several cascades which leap down the declivities. This stream, after a heavy fall of rain, becomes fear- fully swollen, and frequently at such times sweeps away all oppo- sing obstacles, and fills the valley with ruin. The Willey House, made famous in story by Haw- thorne, stands upon the Notch road, nestling under the steep acclivity of Mt. Willey, which rears its head terrible storm of wind and rain on the night steep sides of the hills were loosened and Willey, his wife and family, eleven in num- TILE BOUBNfi MONUMENT. CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. THE present City of Portsmouth was for many years the financial and governmental cen- tre of the province the home of its chief magistrates and men of wealth and influence. It is noted as containing many buildings, paintings and localities of historic interest, and its inhabitants are justly proud of the wisdom and patriotism that laid its foundation so broad and deep. The township was included in the grant to the Mason and Gorges of August 10, 1862, and a settlement was made the following year at a place known as Odiorne's Point, now in Newcastle, by one David Thompson. A grant was made in 1631 by the council of Ply- mouth river and harbor, which covered what is now Portsmouth, Newcastle, Rye and por- tions of Greenland and Newington. A settlement was made where the city now stands, which went by the names of Piscataqua and Strawberry Bank, until in answer to a petition from the inhabitants thereof in May, 1753, to the government of Massachusetts, which had jurisdiction over it, it received its present name, which was deemed suitable, it being the river's mouth and a good harbor. Newcastle was set off in 1693; Greenland partially in 1704 and fully in 1721. On the 27th of June, 1774, the inhabitants forced the reshipment of a cargo of tea and of another in the September following. In 1775, notwithstanding the personal popularity of Governor Wentworth, which prompted the inhabitants to pass a resolution pledging their utmost endeavors to prevent any insult being offered to him, yet they were as prompt to take up arms in behalf of liberty, as earnest in opposition to royalty, and contributed as freely of their money and their blood for the establishment of independence as the people of any locality in the colonies. The eminent men of Portsmouth in the eighteenth century were numerous, and promi- nent among them was John Langdon. His speech in the legislature, which was in session at Exeter at the the time of the fall of Ticonderoga, when public credit was exhausted and the patriots nearly discouraged, should go down to posterity beside that of Patrick Henry. Said Langdon, "I have one thousand dollars in hard money. I will pledge my plate for three thousand more. I have seventy hogsheads of Tobago rum \\hich will be sold for the most it will bring. They are at the service of the state. If we succeed in defending our firesides and our homes I may be remunerated, if we do not then the property will be of no value to me. Our friend Stark, who so nobly maintained the honor of our state at Bunker Hill, may safely be entrusted with the honor of the enterprise, and we will check the progress of Burgoyne." The result of this, as is well known, was the victory at Ben- nington and the subsequent surrender of Burgoyne. John Langdon held many public posi- tions in the state, and was the first presiding officer of the United States Senate. New Hampshire has long been called the Switzerland of America. Nature in a bounti- ful mood seems to have lavished her favors on this fair tract where agriculture, commerce and manufactures harmoniously exert their respective influences. Scarcely a town is to be found that is not supplied with ample water power. Viewed by rivers and railroads, teem- ing with luxuriant and varied products of the soil, gemmed with populous and beautiful towns, which are centres of industry and enterprise, and in rapid communication with the principal cities of New England and the middle states the commonwealth is well adapted for success in every avenue of commerce and trade. 35 36 CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. The City of Portsmouth has long been one of the most interesting and important towns within the borders of the state. Beautiful for situation, the attention of the first settlers from the east was at a very early date directed to this locality by the favorable descrip- tion of the first committee sent out by the government. The first view of Portsmouth, with its lovely expanse of water on the one side and its diversified landscapes on the other ; its varied and beautiful architecture, historic buildings of a hundred years ago, villa-like residences of more modern times, charming drives and multiplied hills with verdue clad, where homes wander at will and gleam out like sweet ^_________^_^^^__^_____ j ______^^_^__^____^ surprises, strikes the beholder as something almost phenomenal in beauty. The homes that linger in the valuable business portions of the town are in no wise crowded together, more or less yard and lawn being indulged in, and vari- ety of style and shape is so mark- ed that seldom are two houses seen that seem alike. In the centre of the city is Market Square, around which, on all sides, are clustered the leading public buildings and prominent business houses. The streets are wide and pleasant as a rule. Here, with all the busy rush of the busy nineteenth cen- tury pressing in on every side, you may step into several business establishments that have been in continuous existence for upwards of a hundred years, and in one or two instances been kept all this time in the same family, descend- ing from father to son and grand- son. The present proprietors of these business landmarks are among the merchant princes of the city, and take an honest pride in maintaining the prestige won by their ancestors in the marts of trade. The general excellence, thorough instruction and wide range of the educational advantages of Ports- mouth have made themselves felt not only in the character and trained ability of the native citizens who have gone forth from her institutions as representative men, but have also added to the attractions of the city as a place of residence. Large and generous action on the part of the city government has developed a superior system of free public schools, which includes a classical and high school, all under the best instruction and management. As in most of the towns of New England, the early settlement of Portsmouth was hardly begun before a meeting house, as it was called, was built, and a church society was organ- ized. With the growth of the city the churches have correspondingly multiplied, and they now embrace all sects and denominations. Portsmouth has also a national reputation, by reason of being the location of the most THE ROCKINGHAM. CITY OF PORISMOUTH. 37 eastern navy yard of our Government, and which occupies a large area of ground along the magnificent harbor. Many of the largest ships of the navy, have either been built, or under- gone repairs at this point, and it has been the scene of busy activity. The harbor affords unrivalled advantages, for the navy yard, the depths of water being sufficient for all pur- poses, and it being particularly convenient for looking after our important interests to the northeast. Though the yard at this time, is quiet, but, the demand for its production, would show the great value of this situation. Portsmouth, from her natural surroundings as well as her acquired facilities, is advan- tageously situated. It was from the first a centre that foreshadowed her present advantages of transfer and exchange. When the horn of the stage-coach gave place to the shrill whis- tle of the locomotive, then Portsmouth's capacity for growth and extension rapidly became manifest. Demand for her products steadily increased, and the supplies from her com- mercial and manufacturing enterprises were in request far and near. As a result Ports- mouth became better known, and greater numbers found it to be a desirable place for em- ployment or business enterprise a good town in which to live and thrive. Excellent public schools, church privileges and constant improvements have made it attractive as a place to rear and educate families. Its transportation facilities by water and rai 1 are especially avail- THE POST OFFICE. able to the business men, while pleasure travel finds here some of the most picturesque and charming scenery in the country. Its breweries have gained for Portsmouth a national reputation ; it boasts of the best equipped shoe factory in New England ; its machine works are prepared to supply everything in the line of machinery at short notice and of the finest workmanship ; its coal yards furnish the wholesale and retail trade for miles around, and its depots for lumber, grain, groceries, hardware, building material, etc., have become noted as important sources of supply for the retail dealers throughout all this section of the coun- try. As a financial centre Portsmouth is particularly worthy of notice. It has four national 38 CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. banks and three savings banks, and the city has every reason to be proud of their strength, stability and prosperity. Well officered and prudently managed, every legitimate accommo- dation is offered to their patrons. It also has a reliable and responsible home fire insur- ance company, and the natural competition for business in conjunction with a well-managed fire department and the general immunity of the city from fires has served to reduce fire insurance rates to the minimum. An illustration of the progressive spirit of the people is seen in the quickness with which they seize upon every practical improvement that is calculated to economize time, labor or money. No sooner had the telephone opened its ears and lips than it was introduced here, and its use has now become so general as a medium for business and social purposes, that its ramifications extend to every section of the city, while the adjacent towns and cities on all sides are included in the service. Elec- tric lighting is another salient example of this spirit of enterprise. Its prominent thorough- fares and public buildings are provided with electric lights, and the resources of this sys- tem are continually being multiplied in answer to the popular demand. The police force of the city are well disciplined and efficient ; robberies or burglaries are of very rare occur- U. S. NAVY YARD. rence within the corporate limits, and the cracking of banks and mercantile establishments is practically unknown. The exemption of the city from disastrous conflagrations is in great part due to a thoroughly organized and prompt fire service. A stranger visiting Portsmouth for the first time, will be surprised by the elegance of the city's new hotel. The Rockingham, which is not surpassed by any public house east ot New York. In its appointments, there has been displayed good taste and elegance, while it is apparant that no money has been spared to make it superior in every respect to hotels found outside of the largest cities. A view of the building is included in this sketch. If beauty of situation, unexcelled business opportunities, all that is wise in conservatism united with all that is noble in the grand, progressive movement of the present age ; if sur- roundings elevating in influence, institutions helpful in an honorable struggle with the vicis- situdes of practical life; if health, wealth and happiness are attractions in a place of resi- dence, then Portsmouth may win like a mother and command like a queen. Growing slowly and strongly, clinging wisely to her traditions, "without haste, without rest," Ports- mouth furnishes the truest condition of real life, more hopeful and rounded standards of life CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. 39 1. CHRISTS. 2. UNITARIAN. 3. CONGREGATIONAL. 4. MIDDLE STREET BAPTIST. 5. ST. JOHN'S. POKTSMOUTH CHURCHES. 40 CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. for "all classes and conditions of men." The resident of Portsmouth, be he workman with hands or brain, may have his own home, made attainable by the large industries which are glad to exchange just coin for fair service, and by low rents, with room for the garden and leave to own his spot of ground ; while the cheapness of the overflowing home market spilling itself in sur- plus into all the world, relieves him from an existence of mere animal slavery to the common needs of life. Thus the manufacturer and capitalist seeking a home here finds his interests and the safety and well-being of society resting upon a sound, secure basis of well-condi- tioned labor. Class distinctions are not more numerous or sharply defined than in other northern or eastern cities. The absolute rectitude which is the truest charity, and which, if practiced, would render half the so-called charities unnecessary, has noticeably been shown by the employers to the employed, and mutual esteem and true manliness are the outcome of such relations as are maintained between the so-called different classes in the City of Portsmouth. The excellent system of public schools which Portsmouth has long fostered with especial solicitude, the inestimable benefits of the religious privileges afforded by her many churches where each may find a congenial church-home, and the advantages of the most enlightened social circles in the United States ; all these attractions in a setting of healthful climate and sanitary local influences, together with the oft-quoted business prospects and opportuni- ties of the city, make it a residence suited to the varied requirements of the multitudinous types of men and women in whose lives and aspirations there is ever an undertone of "home, sweet home." Portsmouth contains a steady population of prosperous people, and, they do not take kindly to "booms" and sudden increase of wealth, they escape panics, and many other demoralizing business escapodes. The population in 1880 was 9,690, which will now reach probably 12,000, while the character, reliability, and influence, is that of a city of over twenty thousand. CITY OF PORTSMOUTH The Portsmouth Shoe Co., Manufact- urers of Ladies' and Misses' Boots and Shoes, No. 105 Bedford Street, near Shoe & Leather Exchange, Boston, Mass. Factory. Ports- mouth, N. H. One of the largest and finest establishments devoted to this branch of in- dustry in the New England States, is that of the Portsmouth Shoe Company. Established at a comparatively recent date, it has taken front rank in its line of trade, and in facilities for production, excellence of equipment, and successful management, it challenges compar- ison with its oldest and most formidable com- petitors in any part of the country. This com- pany manufactures ladies' and misses' boots and" shoes exclusively. It was incorporated July 1, 1886, under the laws of the State of Xew Hampshire, with a cash capital of $75,- 000, and has the following board of officers, viz: President, Hon. Frank Jones; vice-presi- dent, Charles P. Berry; treasurer, C. H. Meu- dum: directors: Frank Jones, C. H. Mendum, Charles A. Sinclair, Charles P. Berry, and Calvin Page. The plant of the company comprises a six-story brick building, 285 x 50 feet in di- mensions, with an engine house in connection, measuring 75 x 155 feet. It is equipped with a one hundred horse-power engine, and every modern facility known to the trade is at com- mand, including two elevators connecting the several floors, modern improved machinery, and every requisite tool and appliance for labor-saving purposes, and for rapid and per- fect production. The establishment is divided into numerous departments, each complete within itself, such as sole-cutting, crimping, stitching, fitting, treeing, finishing, buttoning, packing and shipping, besides separate depart- ments for the manufacture of all the wood and paper boxes used by the company for their goods, and steady employment is furnished to ftve hundred skilful operatives, whose weekly wages amount to $6,000. This factory has the capacity for producing one hundred cases of shoes, sixty pairs in each case, per day. The goods manufactured are machine-sewed en- tirely, and include both tine and medium grades, suitable for the Western and Southern trade, throughout which extensive territory this company has already established a large, first-class and steadily increasing trade, ob- tained purely on the merits of its output, the result of unremitting care and close personal attention on the part of the management, the purchase of the best raw material, the employ- ment of the best known methods at every stage of production, and sparing nothing in expense or labor that will raise the standard and enhance the value of the goods. The facilities of the concern for filling orders are absolutely unsurpassed by any rival house in the country and equalled by very few, if any, in the New England States. A nappy combi- nation of capital and brains has brought about a condition of affairs that may justly be termed a perfect success. The financial backing of Hon. Frank Jones, and the practical experi- ence and trained hand of Mr. Charles P. Berry at the helm, could not result otherwise to an enterprise thus favored and managed. Mr. Berry, the vice-president of the company, is the manager of the business and is eminently fitted for success in that position. He has been closely identified with the shoe trade for the past twenty-five years, is thoroughly in- formed as to all its requirements and demands, and, besides bringing to bear his valuable practical experience in the management, has also brought to the house a patronage that places it on a solid basis and assures its per- manent success and increasing prosperity. He is aided materially in the conduct of affairs by Col. Charles A. Sinclair, prominently known as a successful financier and capitalist, who takes a personal interest in the success of this as one among the many great enterprises with which he is identified. Pre-eminent in its own particular line of manufacture, and con- ducted with enterprise, judgment and liberal- ity. The Portsmouth Shoe Company may well be regarded as one of the foremost industrial institutions of the country, and as justly en- titled to the respect and consideration in the trade which it so largely enjoys. 41 42 CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. Granite State Fire Insurance Com- pany, National Block, Congress Street. The Granite State Fire Insurance Company, lo- cated here, was incorporated July 17, 1885, and commenced business on the 12th of No- vember in the same year. The Company writes insurance upon all classes of property, including dwellings, stores, stocks and mer- chandise. The affairs of the Company are most zealously guarded by an efficient board of officers, composed of the following well- known gentlemen, viz.: President, Frank Jones; vice-president, John W. Sanborn ; secretary, Alfred F. Howard; treasurer, John Laighton; assistant secretary, C. H. Wilkins. Conservatism rather than haste, carefulness rather than impulsiveness, final profit rather than present volume of business, are the lead- ing mottoes of their insurance creed, and a conscientious adherence to them is securing for these gentlemen the reputation of being among the successful managers of the country, and is winning the confidence of all who are brought into business relations with this cor- poration. The present strength of the Granite State is best shown by the annual statement made January 1, 1887, is as follows, viz: Cash Capital, Reserve for Reinsurance, All other Liabilities, Net Surplus, $200,000.00 101,946.69 . 24,553.98 16,024.36 Assets. $342,535.03 ASSETS : MARKET VALUE. United States Registered Bonds, 4 per cent, 1907, .... $201,96000 Carroll County, N. H., Bonds, 6 per cent, 1891, 20000 Fort Plain, N. Y. Water Co. 1st Mort. Bonds, 6 per cent. 1905, . . 10,50000 New Hampshire Trust Co. Debenture Bonds, 6 per cent, 1906, . . . 15,000 00 Eastern Railroad Bonds, 6 per cent, 1906, . 12,700 00 New York & New England Railroad, Bonds, 7 per cent, 1905, . . . 12,500 00 Colorado State Warrants, . . . 12,078 44 Lake National Bank of Wolfboro, N. H., 54 shares stock, .... 5,670 00 Dover Gas Light Co. of Dover, N. H., 100 shares stock, .... 3,000 00 Worcester, Nashua & Rochester Railroad, 1 share stock, .... 134 00 Loan on Mortgage of Real Estate valued at $20,000, 9,00000 Net Premiums in course of collection, . 26,190 17 Interest accrued not included in market values, . . i , . . . 1,589 17 Cash in Company's office, . . . 6,153 63 Cash on deposit in New Hampshire Nat'l Bank of Portsmouth, . . . 25,849 62 Total Assets, LIABILITIES: Unpaid Losses, .... Reserve for Reinsurance, Due Agents for Commissions and return pre- miums, ..... All liabilities, other than Capital stock, Capital stock, .... Net Surplus over all liabilities, . . $342,52503 $ 19,504 90 101,946 69 5,04908 126,500 67 200,00000 16,02436 Surplus as regards Policy Holders. $342,525 03 $216,024 36 The Company occupies a fine suite of offices in the National Block on Congress Street, em- ploys a large corps of clerks, and some two hundred and fifty agents in different parts of the country, and is building up a patronage co-extensive with the Union. Hon. Frank Jones, the president, is too well known as merchant, manufacturer, Congressman and cap- italist, and too prominently identified with the growth and prosperity of this community, to need any eulogy here. His name is a tower of strength to this enterprise, and his coadjutors, Messrs. Sanborn, Howard and Laighton, are all eminently fitted to successfully administer the duties of their respective positions and are counted as Portsmouth's leading citizens. Frank Jones' Brewery. The opinion once prevailed among certain classes of the community that first class ale and porter could not be brewed in America. The energy and persevering industry of American brewers has entirely destroyed this senseless idea by pro- ducing ale and porter which, for quality and purity, are fully equal, if not superior, to that brewed by Bass or Guinness in Great Britain and Ireland. The best ale on this continent is made at the brewery of the Hon. Frank Jones, in Portsmouth. So say the best judges, and the majority of those who are lovers of the beverage in this country unite in proclaim- ing the fact. The first license granted in Portsmouth to brew and sell '* beare " was to Samuel Wentworth, in 1670, who built the first Wentworth House. In 1854 John Swin- dels, an English brewer, established a public brewery in Portsmouth, and continued the business alone until 1858, when Mr. Frank Jones took an interest in the brewery and operated ! the same for a few years c under the name of Swindels & Co. He soon be- came the sole proprietor, and quickly in- augurated those improvements and reforms in the methods and processes of manufact- ure that have resulted in brilliant success. Of the ancient structure in which Mr. Jones commenced in 1858 not a vestige remains. His present brewery, two malt houses, cooper- age, stores, stables and other business prem- ises, cover an area of over five acres. They are mammoth brick structures near the main line of the Eastern Railroad at the west end of the city. The brewery is capable of producing 250,000 barrels annually, while new additions are in course of construction which will materially increase the capacity. Their total malting capacity is 375,000 bushels, and the malt houses two in number are provided with every modern appliance for steeping, growing and kiln-drying, and for storing barley and malt. The present brewery was built in 1871, and contains everything that skill and experi- ence has taught is useful and valuable in the business. From the malt mill to mash tun, steam kettle, underback, settling square-Ban- delot fermenting rooms, to racking tuns, everything shows the greatest cleanliness, strictest vigilance and constant care. The best malt and hops that can be purchased are utilized, and these are handled in such a scien- tific and successful manner as to result in the production of ale and porter that for purity, flavor and health-giving properties is unex- celled in this or any other country. An in- ferior grade of ale or porter is never permitted to pass the outer gates of this establishment, and the popularity of the output is steadily maintained and increased with retailers, fami- lies and general public. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 43 The " Rockiiigliam." The " Rocking- 1 ham" stands upon the site of the old Langdon House, the home of Woodbury Langdon, which was burned in the great tire which dev- astated Portsmouth in 1781. The elegance of the house is such as to impress the stranger at the first glance as a superb structure and a perfect hotel in all respects. The style of architecture is massive in its proportions, and imposing in its symmetry and stately grace. Its wide open doors reveal a princely home and disclose a cordial welcome. It was opened to the public February 3, 188(5, having been erected by the proprietor, Hon. Frank Jones, on the ruins of the hotel of the same name, which was burned in September, 1884, and which had stood for one hundred and two years. Had Mr. Jones done nothing else for the credit of Portsmouth than to erect this magnificent hotel, he would still have earned the gratitude of every citizen. The building is of brick and free stone, five stories high, with a frontage of upwards of one hundred feet, and has first-class accomodations for some two hundred guests. It has two covered entrances in front, each of which is guarded by two bronzed lions. On the first floor are vari- ous public rooms, including the office, ladies- reception parlor, gentlemen's reading room, and the dining room, with kitchen, pantry and storeroom in the ell on the same floor. The office is elegantly appointed, with marble floors, panel ceiling, solid mahogany wainscot- ing and marble counters. The reading room isslendidly furnished for the comfort of guests, and contains a magnificent portrait of the pro- prietor facing the door. This floor also con- tains the old banquet hall, which was preserved nearly intact from the ravages of the fire, and is a marvel of antique decoration and old-time splendor in its fixtures and fittings. The din- ing room has a seating capacity for one hun- dred and seven persons. The wainscoting of the two first floors is of solid mahogany. The bridal chambers on the second floor are models of elegance and taste, comprising two cham- bers capable of being transformed into one apartment, and which are richly furnished, decorated by skilled artists, and worthy of special remembrance by every visitor. The house is heated throughout by steam, lighted by electricity, and is provided with electric fire alarms in each hall. No luxury afforded in situation, surroundings, cuisine or modern conveniences in any hotel is lacking in the Rockingham. It is alike convenient to the permanent patron, the commercial tourist, and the transient guest. The menu of the house is especially worthy of commendation, being un- der the supervision of experienced chefs, and is kept up to the highest standard of excellence. The house is supplied with a passenger ele- vator, a bar, barber shop, billiard hall, bath rooms, laundry, and electric call-bells commu- nicating with the office. Every necessity of modern hotel life is furnished for the welfare and comfort of guests, and the management is distinguished for accuracy, precision and fore- thought in attending to every want. John H. Broughton, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Lumber, Lime and Cement, Ground and Calcined Plaster: also Commission Merchant, Xo. 68 Daniel Street. A feature of Portsmouth's industries especially worthy of mention is the trade in lumber and builders' materials; and this is represented by many large and enterprising houses, chief among which is that of Mr. John H. Broughtou, one of the oldest and best known business men in this line in the city. This concern had its or- igin in 1S41. when it was founded by Samuel Adams & Co., of which firm Mr. John H. Broughton became a member in 1845. In 1881, this gentleman became the sole proprietor, and the business has continued to increase under his assiduous care. His business premises are spacious, and have a water front of 300 feet. The best facilities and appliances are provided for the economical handling of stock and the prompt fulfilment of all orders. A specialty is made of handling lumber, in cargo lots, and lime, cement, ground and calcined plaster, slate, etc., in both large and small quantities. Lumber is supplied rough or dressed, and in any form or dimensions desired. Besides filling orders for lumber from the stock on hand. Mr. Broughton makes shipments direct from the mills; and in all departments of the business his facilities are unsurpassed by those of any of his com- peers. An ample force of hands are employed and also a number of teams, and the trade is extensive both in the city and surrounding dis- tricts. Mr. Broughton also conducts a general commission business, and receives consign- ments of cargoes of all kinds of merchandise for sale on commission. He also takes charge of goods on behalf of parties shipping to this port, and all matters appertaining thereto are given prompt and careful attention. Orders for Bangor slate are also immediately attended to. Mr. Broughton is a native of Xew Hampshire, an enterprising, substantial business man, and a director of the First National Bank. J. C. Carr, Boots, Shoes and Rubbers. \o. 34 Market Street. One of the old established business houses of Portsmouth is that so suc- cessfully conducted by Mr. J. C. Carr. and which was founded in 1820, by Elisha C. Crane, and who was succeeded in is:;.") by Messis. Hill & Carr. The junior member, Mr. James M. Carr, became the sole proprietor in 1>7<>. and conducted the business until his death in 1885. when the present proprietor took posses sion. The store is spacious in size, attractive in all its arrangements and appointments, and well-stocked at all times with new and desir- able goods. The stock comprises a full and complete line of boots, shoes, rubbers and slippers, for ladies, gentlemen, misses, youth, boys and children, in all sizes and grades, including French and Dongola kid, straight and pebbled goat all in variety to suit the tastes and the means of all classes of buyers. These goods are received direct from the best manufacturers in the country, and are sold at prices which defy successful competition. The proprietor is also prepared to execute fine custom work of all kinds, employing the best of skilled labor, and guaranteeing prompt service and perfect satisfaction. He has in his employ Mr. James F. Hartshorn, who was foreman for Elisha C. Crane in this business fifty-two years ago, and who is still hale and hearty. Mr. Carr is a native of Danvers, Mass., and a practical shoemaker of large experience and established reputation. 44 CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. W. J. Sampson & Co., Painters and Paper Hangers, Dealers in Wall Papers, Curtains, Paints, and Artist's Materials, Nos. 10 and 12 Daniel Street. This firm are extensive dealers in wall papers, curtains, paints and artists' materials, and carry one of the largest stocks of these goods to be found east of the city of Boston, while the name of the house is be- coming known throughout all this section of the country as synonymous with all that has been achieved in the art of interior decorations, which is made the leading specialty of the busi- ness. The warerooms embrace three floor 25 x 40 feet each, which will be materially increased in size the coming season to meet the great and growing demands of the trade. The growth of the house since its estab- lishment, October 15, 1885, has been in keeping with the increasing demand for the finest decorative effects, and for that discriminating selection of the most perfect types of material and pattern that human skill and taste have been able to devise. The combination of these effects is most happily illustrated by that pop- ular production known as " Lincrusta Wal- ton," which is a specialty with this house. It is about as thick as leather, equally tough and durable, and has upon its surface a beautiful design in relief, as sharp in contour as a high- class carving. It is waterproof and a non-ab- sorbent, protecting the inmates and furniture of a room from damp walls and all external moisture. The styles represented here are so various that the decorator and house-owner can please their taste at once; they include Re- naissance, Egyptian, Moorish, Celtic, Floren- tine, Japanese, Greek, Byzantine, Eastlake, mediaeval and modern. Mouldings of every description are also furnished to match all wall papers. Plans and estimates for this class of de- coration are promptly furnished, and curtains, fixtures, drapery poles, paints, varnishes and oils are supplied, and curtains made to order. This firm are enjoying a large and influential patronage in this city and throughout the states of Maine, New Hampshire and Massachusetts. They have executed orders for decorating the residences of Mr. Gignoux, Hon. W. H. Hack- ett, Chief Engineer Macomb, Hon. Frank Jones, Ex-Sheriff Kent, the Wentworth Man- sion, the Wadleigh house, the residence of Arthur Walker, and others in this city, which have been accomplished in the highest style of the art, and serve to recommend the firm to popular favor and public patronage. Twenty- five skilled artisans, painters and decorators are constantly employed, and unequalled facilities are possessed for the prompt and perfect fulfilment of all orders. The members of the firm are Messrs. W. J. Sampson, Her- man Manson and J. H. Gardiner, the senior partner being a native of New York City, the other members, of Portsmouth. Mr. Sampson has been a practical painter and decorator for many years, and has entire charge of that de- partment of the business. Mr. Manson attends to the paper hanging, and Mr. Gardiner to the management of the store. C. E. Boynton, Manufacturer of. and Wholesale Dealer in, Soda and Mineral Water, etc., No. 18 Bow Street. The manufacture of various kinds of aerated waters, and the bot- tling ol lager beer, ale and cider, has of late years become a large and important commer- cial pursuit. Portsmouth is well represented in this pursuit, and a few brief facts concerning one of the leading houses in the trade cannot but prove of general interest. We refer to that of Mr. C. E. Boynton, which is one of the old- est and most extensive establishments in its line in the city. It was founded in 1872, and has always commanded a very liberal and sub- stantial patronage. The premises occupied for the business consist of a building containing three floors and basement, and 20 x 40 feet in dimensions. These are equipped with all necessary appliances, including the latest im- proved generators, bottling machinery, etc., and employment is furnished to ten men and three teams in the several occupations of the business. The house manufactures soda and mineral water, tonic, strawberry, ginger and lemon beer, extract of nerve food for brain and nervous exhaustion and a good appetizer, crab apple and blood orange tonic, etc. Soda water is supplied in syphons for hotel and family use, and fountains are charged at short notice. Mr. Boynton also bottles for the trade the cele- brated Eldredge and Milwaukee lager beer, porter and refined cider. The business is en- tirely wholesale and the sales beyond Ports- mouth are chiefly in York, Rye and Hampton beaches, etc. The products of this house are in high favor with both dealers and consumers, and the business is consequently constantly in- creasing. Mr. Boynton is a gentleman of long practical experience in the business. He is a native of Temple, N. H., and an old resident in Portsmouth, where he is very popular. Rider &, Cotton, Iron and Steel, Ship Chandlery, Hardware, Paints, Oils, Colors, etc., No. 65 Market Street. A leading headquarters in this line in Portsmouth, is the establish- ment of Messrs. Rider & Cotton, at No. 65 Market Street. This firm are M 7 ell and widely known as extensive dealers in iron and steel, ship chandlery, hardware, paints, oils, colors, etc. The house was founded some sixty years ago, and has been under the successful man- agement of the present proprietors since 1>7_. The premises occupied for trade purposes com- prise six floors, 40 x 130 feet each, which are in every way well adapted for the large and active business which is annually transacted. The ship owner, the builder, the mechanic, the housekeeper and the farmer are all supplied at this establishment with the necessities of every-day life, and at prices which are so fair and reasonable as to preclude successful com- petition. These goods are purchased direct from manufacturers of the highest repute, and special attention is given to the character and quality of the productions, the aim being not only to meet every want, but to offer the best in every case that the markets afford. Their trade is large, first class and influential through- out the city and surrounding country. The members of the firm are Messrs. T. H. Ryder, and W. W. Cotton, both of whom arc natives of this city. Mr. Ryder is a Justice of the Peace and Notary Public, and Mr. Cotton is a mem- ber of the Board of Education, and warden of South Parish Unitarian Church. They are gentlemen of ability, enterprise and integrity, with whom it is always a pleasure to deal. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 45 First National Bank, United States De- pository, Pleasant Street, Market Square. This bank was chartered originally under the name of the Piscataqua Bank in 1824. In 1845 it became known as the Piscataqua Exchange Bank, and was reorganized under the national banking laws as the Frst National Bank in 1803, standing No. 1 on the secretary of the treasury's books, and as No. 19 in the comp- troller's department. Its new charter in 1882 ranks as No. 2672. It has a capital stock of $300,000, a present surplus of $100.000, and is officered as follows, viz. : President, E. P. Kimball; cashier, C. A. Hazlett: directors: W. L. Dwight, E. P. Kimball, W. H. Hackett, E. H. Winchester, J. H. Broughton, K. C. Pierce, M. P. Stacy. The banking rooms of the institution on Pleasant Street, are spacious and elegantly appointed, affording ample ac- comodation to the public, and possessing every convenience for facilitating the dispatch of business. A general banking business is trans- acted, including the receiving of deposits, the discounting of approved commercial paper, the collection of drafts, and the dealing in all first-class securities. This is not only one of the oldest banks in Portsmouth but also one of the best managed and most liberally patro- nized. From the outset it has retained the confidence of the public in a marked degree. Its founders were men who had the rare fore- sight to recognize the possibilities of such an institution, and who laid the foundations sufficiently strong and deep to bear any super- structure that time, experience and wealth might rear. All its movements are marked by prudence, caution and honorable business methods, and.it is generally recognized as one of those solid, ably conducted institutions which reflect credit alike upon its officers and the community where its influence is felt. Its executive officers are gentlemen with whom it is always a pleasure to do business. Prompt, obliging and efficient in all their dealings with the public, they are naturally popular, and maintain the prestige of the bank with dignity, reliability and success. The president. Mr. Kimball, is amative of 4 Merrimac County, N. H., in the prime of life, and of high reputation and standing iji business and financial circles. The cashier, Mr. Hazlett, is a Portsmouth man, born and bred, and of tried ability as a tinancier, while the board of directors com- prises much of the solid business element of the city. Frank W. Moses, Dealer in Pianos, Or- gans. Music, Stationery, Holiday Goods, etc. A prominent and most popular business es- tablishment in this city is that conducted by Mr. Frank W. Moses, who is one of the. most enterprising and progressive of Portsmouth's merchants. Mr. Moses founded his business in May, 1886, bringing to bear in his manage- ment push and ability, and from the outset his efforts were rewarded with substantial public recognition. He has built up a very extensive, influential patronage and has a trade derived from various sections of Maine and this State. The spacious premises occupied comprise a salesroom having dimensions of 25 x 75 feet, and an adjoining room devoted to art purposes. The stock carried is large and comprehensive ;and embraces pianos, organs, music, leather goods, blank books, fine stationery, and holi- day goods, a specialty being made of the latter in their seasons, but Mr. Moses holds the agency for the Hardman, Guild, Sohmer, Hazleton & Naersby and Evans pianos, and Dyer & Hughes organs, keeping on hand at all times a sample stock of these fine instruments, which he sells both for spot cash and on the instalment plan. He makes a specialty of offering bargains, in pianos and organs, and also does a considerable business in renting pianos to beach houses during the summer season. The room devoted to the display of art goods is filled with a su- perb collection of engravings, photographs, oil paintings, water color paintings, and photo- gravures, all of which are well worthy of in- spection. Picture frames are made to order in any desired style. Piano tuning is also execut- ed at reasonable prices. A large, constantly growing patronage is enjoyed, and the estab- lishment occupies a very popular place in the public favor. Mr. Moses is a native of this city, and has ever taken an active interest in its welfare. He is a member of the Ports- mouth Athletic Club, and is esteemed in both social and business circles. Webster House, A. H. Webster, Proprie- tress, Mr. Hennesey, Manager. The visitor who comes to Portsmouth, whether on business or pleasure bent, and who desires a first-class hostelry to put up at during his sojourn here, will find an excellent place with all home com- forts and hotel conveniences in the Webster House, centrally located at the corner of Vaughan and Congress streets. This popular house was first opened in May, 1882, by the present pi-oprietress, Mrs. A. H. Webster, a lady well and favorably known to the public. Her enterprise found immediate appreciation and has been a decided success from the outset. The building is spacious, being three stories in height and of ample proportions. The in- terior arrangements are perfect in every re- spect, being well lighted, ventilated, and fur- nished throughout in the most modern im- proved style. There are accommodations for fifty guests, the service being complete for the reception and care of that number. The sleeping apartments are comfortably fitted up, are airy and models of cleanliness, and are always kept well supplied with fresh beds and bedding. Among the other conveniences are fine bath rooms, barber shop, and a well-kept bar, well stocked with choice wines and liquors. The table is always kept plentifully furnished with all the luxuries of the season, every- thing purchased being the best the market affords. In short, everything that thought could suggest is at the command of guests at the Webster. The terms are but two dollars per day, and special rates are made for the- atrical companies and commercial travellers. The manager of the house, Mr. Hennesey, who was for several years in " The Rockingham, " is a favorite with the travelling public, and possesses the faculty of making permanent friends of all with whom he comes in contact. He is thoroughly conversant with the best methods of hotel management, conducts all his transactions in a systematic way, and all persons stopping at the Webster when in town will find him a most agreeable gentleman with whom to have dealings. 46 CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. Portsmouth Machine Co., Hill and Pearl Streets. Portsmouth Machine Company was organized by some of the foremost citi- zens of Portsmouth for the purpose of supply- ing the requirements of manufacturers in this direction of trade. The company was in- corporated June 4, 1883, with a capital of $128,000, and with the following board of offi- cers and directors, viz. : President, Hon. Frank Jones; treasurer and manager, J. A. Farring- ton; directors: Frank Jones, C. H. Mendum. Wm. Ward, M. Eldredge, E. H. Winchester, E. 8. Fay, B. F. Webster, J. A. Farrington, and 0. M. Gignoux. The works are very extensive and complete, comprising a four story brick building, 204 x 70 feet in dimensions, with two ells, 100 x 30 feet each, and are fully equipped with all the latest improved machin- ery, tools and appliances requisite for the sys- tematic and successful conduct of the business. The company are extensively engaged in the manufacture of machinery, shafting, pulleys, bolts; rivets and castings of every description, and are producing a class of work that is un- rivalled for quality, durability and finish. The castings of this company are unsurpassed for smoothness and quality of metal, and can al- ways be implicitly relied upon. The methods of manufacture that obtain with this company are of the most enterprising, progressive and trustworthy character, and the aim of the management is to excel at every step in the production of these supplies. The best possi- ble facilities are possessed for the procurement of raw material, none but skilled and expert workmen are employed, and every detail of the business is under the watchful eye and trained hand of the superintendent, Mr. Far- rington, whose large practical experience as a machinist and manufacturer renders him a complete master of every branch of the trade and insures accuracy and success in every stage of production. Under such favorable auspices the trade of the company is naturally increas- ing in both magnitude and importance, while the prices that are quoted are, as a rule, below those of other first-class houses. Manufact- urers and corporations requiring these supplies oannot do better than place their orders with this reliable establishment, where they will ob- tain advantages difficult to be secured else- where. Hon. Frank Jones, the president of this company, takes a personal interest in the welfare and success of this enterprise, and his name is a tower of strength to any undertak- ing. The clerk, Mr. Hackett, is another gen- tleman of commanding influence connected with .this corporation. He is clerk and commis- sioner of the United States circuit court, United States Chief Supervisor of elections in New Hampshire, commissioner to take testi- mony in the United States Court of Claims, and Commissioner of Deeds for other statts. The board of directors include many of the solid business men of the city, and are in them- sselve a sufficient guarantee of the reliability and future success of this industry. Blaisdc!l' Stove Store, Stoves, Ranges. and Kitchen Furnishings, of every Description. Tin, Japan, Britannia. Wooden and (ilass Ware, Farming Tools, Grass Seeds, etc., Xos. 55 and 57 Market Street. A record of un- broken prosperity extending over a period of forty^odd years marks the history of the well and favorably known establishment whose name stands at the head of this sketch, and which since its inception has maintained an en- during hold on popular favor and confidence, well deserved, while the house fully sustains to-day its old-time 'reputation for reliable goods and honorable dealing; purchasers and LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 4T patrons being always assured of excellent value, first-class work and satisfactory treat- ment in this well-ordered emporium, which is one of the leading, largest and best equipped general house furnishing, stove and agricult- ural specialty stores in Portsmouth, as Avell as the oldest. This house was founded in 1848 by Uriah Blaisdell (deceased), who conducted it up to 1883, when, owing to his death which occurred at this period, the business passed into the control of his son George Blaisdell, under whose capable and efficient management the same has since been continued with unin- terrupted success for the estate of the late proprietor and founder. The premises occu- pied for business purposes comprise six 20 x 50 foot floors including store, shop and ware- house, and a vast and varied assortment is constantly carried, embracing a full and fine line of stoves, ranges and heaters of every de- scription, tin and sheet-iron ware of all kinds, .Japanned goods. Britannia, plated wooden ware, cutlery, glass ware, and household specialties in great variety, refrigerators, clothes wringers, kitchen utensils, farming and garden tools, grass seeds and kindred products. Several expert workmen are em- ployed and tin, sheet-iron and copper work of every variety is executed in the most superior and expeditious manner, and at very reasonable rates; particular attention also being given to repairing and general jobbing, while tin roof- ing, guttering etc., is a specialty, and alto- gather a large and flourishing business is carried on, the trade extending throughout the city and entire surrounding country. John S. Tilton, Manufacturer of. and Dealer in. Saddles, Harness, Whips, Collars, Bridles, Halters, Brushes, Combs, etc.. Xo. is Congress Street. At the well and favorably known establishment of John S. Tilton, manu- facturer of. and dealer in, saddles, harness, collars, bridles, etc., can always he found an extensive and elegant assortment of goods at the lowest prices consistent with ex- cellent values and upright dealing; while the custom work turned out here is A 1 in every feature of merit. in design, workmanship. linish and material, no store in this line in Portsmouth maintaining a higher reputation, as few if any receive a larger measure of pop- ular favor. This business was established in iMis. and from the inception of the enterprise down to the present day, Mr. Tilton has en- joyed a ilattering patronage, the general ex- cellence and reliability of the goods made and handled, coupled with close attention to the wants of customers, being the special features contributing to the success. The premises, including office, store and shop, occupy a 20 x 100 foot floor, well ordered and equipped in every respect., and a competent force of ex- pert hands are employed, all orders receiving prompt and satisfactory attention. A full and fine stock is carried, embracing saddles and harness in every style and variety, collars and bridles, halters, whips, brushes, combs, oils, blankets, fly-nets, etc.. being agency also for the national harness oil, boot and shoe oil and harness and carriage top dressings, sold in pints, quarts and gallons, while repairing of every description likewise is executed in the most superior and expeditious manner. Mr. I Tilton, who is a native of this State, is a gen- tleman of middle age, and has served with credit I in the City Council, while his industry is an I important factor in this city's trade. M. C. Foye, Fancy Goods, Material for Art Xeedle Work, Stamping, etc., No. 23 Mar- ket Street. Among the mercantile establish- ments in Portsmouth may be mentioned that of M. C. Foye. dealer in material for ait needle work, embroidery, fancy goods and novelties in ladies' wear, eligibly located at No. 23 Mar- ket Street, and which is one of the centres of interest in the city for the female portion of the community owing to the exceedingly fine assortment of goods always displayed 'here. This store was established in 1878 and at its very inception may be said to have virtually bounded into public favor and prosperity, the patronage growing rapidly from the start, until now it is of a very substantial and influential character. The store, which is ample and compact, is tastefully fitted up and appointed j a superb display being made and a large and varied stock is constantly carried, embrac- ing a complete and exquisite line of material for art needle work, rich laces and embroidery, elegant dress trimmings of every description, novelties in neckwear, notions, small wares and fancy articles in great variety, and a full and fine assortment of ladies' furnishings; material for art needle work and stamping being specialties, while half a dozen courteous and efficient clerks attend to the wants of custo- mers, no pains being spared to render the ut- most satisfaction in every instance to patrons, and altogether an extensive and gratifying- trade is done, the patronage reaching all over the city and surrounding country. Mr. Foye is a native of Kye, this State, but a respected roident of Portsmouth many years, and a j gentleman of push, enterprise and business qualities. James R. Council, Watchmaker and Jew eller, No. 5 Congress Street. The business of this establishment was originally founded some sixty years ago by Mr. Robert Gray, and sub- sequently passed into the hands of various par- ties. In 1880 Mr. Council succeeded to the proprietorship, having been some ten years previously a member of the firm of Hutchin- son ct Council, bringing to bear upon the en- terprise a thorough practical experience as a fully trained jeweller, and under his expert management the house has reached a degree of popularity and prosperity greater than it had ever before attained to. The amply com- modious store occupied is tasteful in all its ap- pointments, and contains a fine, attractively displayed stock of goods, the assortment com- prising a superb showing in gold and silver American watches in all the leading makes; clocks of all kinds, optical goods, solid silver and plated ware, and jewellery of every descrip- tion, comprising all the newest novelties. Three expert assistants are employed and a leading specialty is made of the mechanical department, repairing of all kinds being exe- cuted in the most workmanlike manner at rea- sonable charges. Mr. Council is a native of Vermont, is highly regarded in this community for his mechanical skill, industry and business integrity. 48 CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. John P. Sweetser, Kitchen Furnishings, Stoves, Ranges and Furnaces. Plumbing, Gas Piping and Tin Roofing. No. 46 Market Street. Perhaps not in any branch of trade lias the march of progress wrought such a ver- itable revolution during the past quarter of a century in this country as in that devoted to the production and sale of stoves, kindred de- vices and house furnishing specialties. What with invention, improvement and the develop- ment of mechanical skill, a degree of excel- lence closely akin to perfection has been reached in this direction of late years, and in this Connection, attention is directed to the commodious and well equipped emporium of John P. Sweetser, manufacturer of, and dealer in, stoves, ranges and general kitchen furnishings, No. 46 Market Street, where is always displayed a large and exceedingly fine assortment of everything comprehended in this line at the lowest prices consistent with first-class .goods and upright dealing, pur- chasers and patrons being at all times assured of getting an excellent article, reliable work and satisfactory treatment in this, the stove and house furnishing establishment par excel- lence of Portsmouth; while its patronage is fully commensurate with the deservedly high reputation this well and favorably known con- cern maintains. The flourishing and popular store was established in 1844 by E. A. Stevens, of the Barston Stove Co., some thirty or so years ago who conducted it up to 1869, when he was succeeded by the present pro- prietor, who has since carried on the business with uniform and gratifying success. The premises occupied for business purposes com- prise five ample floors, including spacious and well-ordered shop, and an extensive and very superior stock is constantly carried on hand, embracing cooking and parlor stoves of every size, style and variety, ranges, heaters and furnaces, tin, sheet-iron and copper ware, kitchen utensils in great variety, refrigerators and a multifarious assortment of household specialties. Twelve or more expert workmen are employed, and tin, copper and sheet-iron work is executed in the most excellent and expeditious manner; also plumbing and gas- fitting in all theirjbrancb.es, while tin roofing, guttering and general jobbing likewise are promptly attended to; and, altogether, the trade which extends throughout the city, sur- rounding country and the beaches is of a most substantial and influential character. Mr. Sweetser, who is a native of this place, well known and highly regarded in the community, is a man of push, sagacity and enterprise, as well as strict probity in his dealings, and fully merits the large measure of public favor and prosperity he enjoys. E. Percy Lawrence, Fashionable Tailor, No. 9 Congress Street. The merchant tailoring art has no more able or popular exponent in the city of Portsmouth than Mr. E. Percy Lawrence, of No. 9 Congress Street. Mr. Lawrence is a practical cutter of thorough ex- perience, understands fully every detail of his responsible vocation, and the garments pro- duced at his establishment are unsurpassed for artistic cut, style and finish. He founded his business in February, 1886, and has won a large, first-class patronage by the superiority of his goods. The attractive salesroom and workshop are fitted up in the most approved manner, every facility being at hand to aid in the prosecution of affairs. A staff of fourteen skilled hands are employed in the manufacture of the fine custom clothing for which the house is noted. A full line of domestic and imported fabrics is constantly kept on hand, the assortment embracing all the latest pat- terns and designs in fashionable novelties. All orders for clothing are executed promptly and carefully, and entire satisfaction is guar- anteed with the finished article. The prices charged are, in every case, fair and reasonable. Mr. Lawrence, who is a native of Boston, is well and favorably known in this section, and is held in popular" esteem by an extensive busi- ness and social acquaintance. He has reared a fine business and an enviable reputation, and is thoroughly deserving of the success that has attended his efforts. Thomas E. Call & Son, Pine, Spruce, and Hemlock Lumber ; also, Laths, Pickets, Clapboards and Shingles, No. 136 Market Street. The rapid growth and development of the lumber business in the vicinity of Portsmouth has been largely brought about through the energy and enterprise of such houses as that of Messrs. Thomas E. Call & Son. This house has long been an important factor in supply- ing this section with all kinds of j>ine. spruce. and hemlock lumber from the forests of Maine and New Brunswick, and as such are deserving of honorable mention in this review. This is one of the oldest and largest concerns engaged in the lumber trade in this part of the State. It was established some forty years ago, by Mr. Thomas E. Call, and in 1870 the present firm was organized by the admission to partner- ship of Mr. Thomas E. Call, Jr. The plant of the firm covers some three acres of ground, with a dockage of over 200 feet, and compris- ing yards and buildings for the manipulation and storage of the immense stock that is con- stantly carried. The yards are so situated as to give the firm unsurpassed facilities for transportation both by water and rail, and sup- plies are constantly received by the cargo from Bangor, Me., St. Johns, N. B., and other avail- able points in the lumbering country. The connections of the house arc such that all orders are promptly filled for all kinds of pine, spruce, and Hemlock lumber, and also for laths, pickets, clapboards and shingles. The policy upon which the business is conducted is characterized by liberality and just dealings. Mr. Thomas E. Call, the founder of the busi- ness, is a native of Portsmouth, and one of its most influential citizens and prominent busi- ness men. He has served as Representative to the State Legislature, as an alderman and an assessor of taxes, and has long been closely identified with the material growth and pros- perity of the city. Mr. Thos. E. Call, Jr., the junior member of the firm, was born and reared in this city, is known as an active, energetic business man, and is now filling the respon- sible position of Treasurer of Rockingham County. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 49 Anderson & .finikin*. Carpenters and Builders, Shop, Commercial Alley, rear of Me- chanics and Traders Bank. This firm consist- ing of Messrs. A. C. Anderson and A. R. Juii- kins, was organized in 1877, the senior partner, Mr. Anderson, having been engaged in the bus- ness here for five years previous to that date. The comprehensive and far-reaching knowl- edge of every detail of the business possessed by this firm, together with the reliable and re- sponsible character of their work, has long ago secured for them a large and influential patron- age and given them a valuable and important position in the business community. They have unequalled facilities for the prompt and perfect fulfilment of all contracts, and are prepared to minister to the wants of the public with skill, energy and satisfaction. They fur- nish plans and estimates for the construction of all kinds of buildings, and have gained special praise for their success in the erection of private residences. Among the notable .specimens of their work in this city are the line residences of Messrs. John Sise, Herman T. Eldredge, Charles E. Walker, D. H. Mont- gomery, Charles E. Laighton and C. E. Boyn- ton. No less than fifty of the finest residences in Portsmouth have been built by this firm, each of which is a monument to their skill, taste and judgment that serves to recommend them at once to popular favor and public pat- ronage. They are prepared to do jobbing, repairing and remodelling of all kinds with promptness and success, and place their terms for all classes of work at a fair and equitable figure. They receive their lumber by the car- load direct from the best sources of supply, employ from twelve to eighteen skilled work- men, and are in a position to guarantee perfect satisfaction in all their operations. Both mem- bers of the firm are natives of Portsmouth, and thoroughly practical and accomplished masters of their trade. Mr. Anderson has been an alderman of the city for three years, a coun- cilman two years and president of the City Council one year, and is a Post Grand of the I. O. O. F*., a member of the Royal Arch Ma- sons, and active and influential in social and business life. Mr. Junkins is Grand Warden of the I. O. O. F., Senior AVarden of St. John's Lodge, member of K. T., and captain of the Patriarchs Militant, and highly esteemed by his fellow-men in all the relations of life, and has been president of the Common Council, and is now warden of the Christian Church and assistant superintendent of the Sunday- School. William C. Newton & Son, Ship Stores, Groceries, Flour, Meats, Vegetables, etc., Nos. 77 and 71) Market Street. This firm has long been known as extensive dealers in ship stores, groceries, flour, meats and vegetables, butter, cheese, sugar, molasses, teas, coffees and spices, confectionery, tobacco and cigars, and country produce. The business was founded twenty- five years ago by Messrs. William C. and W. B. Newton. In 1886 Mr. William C. Newton died, since which time the business has been contin- ued under the old firm name by Mr. W. B. Newton. The premises occupied by the busi- ness comprise a five-story building, 30 x 50 feet in dimensions, which is stocked to repletion at all times with new, fresh and desirable goods.' i The stock is one of the largest and most valu- able in this line in the city, received fresh from the hands of the producer and manufacturer, and an extensive trade is enjoyed, not only in this city, but throughout ew England and the Provinces. The aim of the proprietors has al- ways been to give to each and every customer full value for money expended, and this is at- tained by their large transactions, direct pur- chases and low prices. A large force of hands are employed to meet the demands of the trade, and the patronage is large and influen- tial, both at wholesale and retail. Mr. New- ton is a native of Portsmouth, in the early prime of life, and devoted to the interests of his patrons.. John O. Dowii & Co., Fish and Meat Dealers, No. 37 Penhallow and No. 9 Bow Streets. This enterprise was founded on October 14, 1871, under the firm style of C. Sullivan & Co., Mr. J. O. Downs being an member of the firm. In 1885 Mr. Sullivan retired from the business, and Mr. Downs then formed a partnership with Mr. J. Holland under the present style of John O. Downs & Co. The premises occupied for the business comprise a building of three floors, and measuring 40 x 50 feet. These are thor- oughly equipped with all the latest improved appliances for the proper and systematic transaction of the business, including refrig- erators for the preservation of perishable arti- cles for an indefinite period, which insure to customers at all times freshness of meats of the very best quality. The stock carried is always full and complete, and embraces the choicest cuts of beef, pork, veal, mutton, lamb, etc., also fish of every description, and a full variety of salted and smoked meats of all kinds, vegetables in season, etc. The store is a model of neatness and presents at all times a clean, inviting appearance. The business of the concern is a large and growing one, and the services of seven assistants and three teams are required to attend to the wants of patrons both in the city and "suburban districts. Samuel J. Oerrish (Late with N. F. Mathes & Co.) Groceries. Provisions, Crock- ery, etc., No. 48 Market Street. In the city of Portsmouth, the house of Mr. Samuel J. Ger- rish ranks as one of the most enterprising and reliable in this line of trade. It was established in 1851, by Messrs. Mathes & Varrell, who were succeeded in 1802 by Mr. N. F. Mathes. In 1800 Mr. S. J. Gerrish became a partner of Mr. Mathes, and succeeded to the sole proprietor- ship in 1881. The premises occupied for trade purposes comprise five floors. 22 x 00 feet each, giving ample accommodations for the large and valuable stock that is constantly carried. This stock comprises the finest teas, the purest cof- fees and spices, the leading brands of flour, sugars, syrups and molasses, butter, cheese and eggs, and a general line of goods that pertain to the staple grocery and provision trade; also a complete assortment of crockery of the latest styles and most desirable patterns. A compe- tent force of clerks and salomen are in attend- ance, and the trade is large and influential throughout the city and surrounding country. Mr. Gerrish is a native of Portsmouth, in the prime of life, and held in high esteem for his enterprise and reliability. CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. Portsmouth Garble Works, John S. Treat, Proprietor, corner Deer, and Vaughan Street, (near E. R. II. Depot). Probably the oldest business landmark in the city of Ports- mouth is the establishment now so long and so successfully conducted by Hon. John S. Treat, at the corner of Deer and Vaughan Streets, and known as the Portsmouth Marble Works. The foundation of this business was laid here before the Revolutionary War about 1760, by Mr. Daniei Marble, w r ho was succeeded some years after by Mr. Xoah Smith. They both occupied the site of the present works, and in 1807 Mr. Smith was succeeded by Mr. Samuel Treat, the grandfather of the present proprie- tor, who continued the business till 1840, when his son, Mr. Allen Treat, took possession, and he, in turn, gave way to his son, the present owner, in ISliG, who returned to his home in Portsmouth at this date, after having worked at the business in many of the large cities of the Union, and been in business for himself at Mobile, Ala. The works cover an area of 140 x 80 feet, and comprise a large yard, work shops and safces rooms suitable for the manipu- lation and display of the large and valuable stock of marble and granite that is constantly carried. A specialty is made of monumental and cemetery work of all kinds, and in this branch the proprietor is a recognized master of his art. Success in this field of industry re- quires special qualifications, which include a taste for the work and the genius to design, as well as the skill to execute accurate and artistic carving, lettering and ornamentation which give durability and grace to both elabo- rate and plain work. In these essentials this house has long stood at the head of the trade in this section. Mr. Treat keeps constantly on hand ti full supply of Italian and Vermont marble, Biddef ord and Quincy granite, as well as importing Scotch granite, and is prepared to make to order, from the best foreign and American stone, monuments, headstones and tablets, and to fence cemetery lots with marble or granite curbs and posts. A superior quality of granite is supplied, free from iron, absolutely impervious to water, unaffected by frosts and remarkable for its silky texture, while the Vermont marble in which he deals admits of the highest polish and is especially fine for monumental purposes. An ample force of skilled hands is employed, and the trade of the house extends throughout a radius of twenty miles. Mr. Treat is a native of Portsmouth, and one of its prominent citi- zens and solid business men. He has served as Mayor of the city and as State Senator from this district, and is honored and esteemed by his fellow-men in all the relations of life. J. Albert Walker, Wholesale Dealer and Miner's Agent for Anthracite and Bitumi- nous Coal of the Best Mines. Also, Lime, Ce- ment and Plaster; Concord R. R. Wharf, No. 137 Market Street. Mr. Walker is widely and prominently known as the proprietor of the Portsmouth Coal Pockets, and as a miner and extensive wholesale and retail dealer in anthra- cite and bituminous coal of the best mines; also, in lime, cement and plaster. He began in the coal business in 1868, as a member of the firm of C. E. Walker & Co , withdrawing in 1880 and establishing his present enterprise. He has acquired a high reputation for honor- able and liberal dealing, is recognized as one of the most responsible and substantial business men of the city, and all his transactions are marked with a careful regard for the interests of his patrons and the maintenance of the high standing and prestige of his house. The coal business is exclusively wholesale, and the heavy demands upon the resources of the es- tablishment necessitate the carrying of an immense stock, to the end that no delay may be occasioned in the filling of orders. The coal handled is noted for its superiority of quality, every bushel disposed of being guaranteed as coming up to the highest standard of excellence. The great facilities possessed by the house for the procurement of supplies give it important advantages which are freely shared with customers, and business relations once entered into with this reputable concern are sure to prove both pleasant and lasting. The premises occupied comprise some three hundred feet of wharfage, and the storage capacity is fully eight thousand tons. Coal pockets are also operated in the city oi Boston, and the trade of the house covers a wide area, necessitating the employment at some seasons of upwards of one hundred men. Mr. Walker is a native of Portsmouth, and one of its solid, reliable and representative busi- ness men, prominent in commercial and financial circles and is recognized as one of those business men who build up great enter- prises in every avenue of trade. John Griffin, Hatter and Men's Furnisher, No. 5 Market Square. Established in April, 1886, this establishment at once bounded into popularity, and the business has since been conducted with such energy and spirit, coupled with fair and equitable dealing as to merit the large favor bestowed. The store has an area of 20 x 40 feet. In its style of fittings and -fix- tures it is elegant and attractive, and it is stocked with a splendid selection of seasonable and stylish goods. The show-windows are ar- tistically dressed with the most recent novel- ties, and in the interior is a magnificent display of the most fashionable goods in hats, caps and men's furnishing goods. The hats are all man- ufactured with the greatest care from the best materials to be obtained, and in all the latest styles. In the men's goods department are to be found all the most recent novelties in shirts, cuffs, collars, underwear, neckwear, hosiery, gloves, etc., and these are offered at remark- ably low prices. The policy of the proprietor from the commencement has been fair and honorable dealing, coupled with the most en- ergetic and enterprising business management; and it lias been duly appreciated by a discern- ing public. In addition to the goods referred to, Mr. Griffin also keeps on hand a large as- sortment of trunks, bags, canes and walking- sticks, and valises, and these are offered at terms the most advantageous. Mr. Griffin was born in Utica. N. Y., in 1851. and has already served the interests of his fellow-citizens in the capacity of alderman in Portsmouth. He has built up a large and increasing trade among the very best circles of the public, and is de- servedly popular. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 51 George B. French, Dry Goods and Car- pets, Nos. 19 and 21 Market Street. Mr. French has been engaged in the dry goods trade in this city for the past thirty years, and by force of energy, enterprise and close atten- tion to the popular want, has reached a pre- eminence in the trade of which he has just reason to be proud. He occupies the largest and finest salesroom in this line in the city, together with two floors above and a base- ment, for the exhibition and storage of the stock that is constantly carried. The entire premises are divided into appropriate depart- ments, each under competent and experienced management, and no facility is lacking whereby the convenience of patrons and the interests of the house may be enhanced. The stock is comprehensive and diversified, em- bracing dry and fancy goods, small wares, carpets, oil-cloths and mattings. In the dress goods department is shown a full line of black and colored silks, satins, rhadames, ottomans, also velvets, plushes, velveteens, cashmeres, camel's hair cloths, dress flannels and fancy dress goods, while all the new fab- rics and shades are added as soon as they appear in the market. The line of housekeep- ing goods is very complete and prices are low, including table linens, towels, napkins, mus- lins, blankets, yarns and flannels. The stock of carpets is the largest and finest in the city, comprising velvets, Brussels, tapestries, in- grains and other grades, in great variety of styles, shades and patterns, received direct from the best looms of Europe and America. The store is splendidly lighted, convenient in all its arrangements for inspection and sale, and twelve clerks and salesladies attend to the wants of patrons with ability and expedition. The patronage of the house is Jarge, first class and permanent throughout the city and all the surrounding country. Mr. French is a native of New Hampshire, and known as among our prominent* citizens whose operations in busi- ness have told largely in favor of the material development of the city. Mr. French was a member of the State Legislature in 1860, and is a member at the present writing. He has also been a Select Man, and is at present assessor of taxes, all of which positions and offices he has filled with credit to himself, and acceptance to his constituents. He is very popular in the community and is well versed in his line of trade. C. E. Simpson, Merchant Tailor and Dealei in Ready-Made Clothing and Gentlemen's Furnishing Goods, Rubber and Oil Clothing, etc.. No. 3 Bow Street. Among the largest business interests of the country there are few that represent larger capital or wield a strongei influence than the clothing trade. In glancing over the houses engaged in this business in Portsmouth one is naturally attracted to the fine store of Mr. C. E. Simpson, one of the old est and best known business men in the city This establishment is very eligibly located ai the corner of Market and Bow streets, and has a frontage of 30 feet and a depth of 50 feet It is splendidly lighted by fine plate glass shovt windows, handsomely fitted up and admirablj arranged. It is now' forty-seven years sinct this business was founded, and throughout it long career it has always enjoyed an extensiv .nd first-clnss patronage. The founder was dr. C. E. Myers, who started business in 1840, nd in 1850 took into partnership Mr. C. E. impson, under the firm style of C. E. Myers : Co. In 1887 Mr. Simpson became the sole roprietor of the business in which he had, for period of thirty-one years, been an active artner. He carries one of the largest and inest assortments of ready-made clothing and enllemen's furnishing goods to be found n the city, and these for quality, fit, style and lovelty are not surpassed by any competing louse in the city. The stock is full and com- ilete, embracing a full line of men's, youths' nd boys' ready-made clothing, cut from the atest imported London fashions and patterns, md made from the best materials and finished 11 the finest manner; also a complete stock of entlemen's furnishing goods, including all the atest novelties in neckwear, handkerchiefs, hosiery, gloves, underwear, etc., and a large variety of the best rubber and oil clothing. These goods are sold at astonishingly low trices, and command a ready sale. A leading 'eature of the business is the custom depart- ment, in which a large assortment of foreign and domestic fabrics is shown, and all gar- ments made to order are guaranteed to be per- :ect in fit and style. Mr. Simpson is a native of the city, eminently popular, and fully mer- its the success he enjoys. David Kimball & Co., Apothecaries, No. 36 Market Street. The house so long onducted under the firm name of David Kim- ball & Co., at No. 36 Market Street, has always been recognized as one of the most reliable drug establishments in Portsmouth. It was founded in 1816, and in 1824 Mr. David Kim- ball became the proprietor, continuing the business as David Kimball & Co. until 1880, when he was succeeded by Mr. Frank J. Phil- brick who entered the store as clerk in 1870, and who has since prosecuted the business un- der the old firm name. It is an elegant estab- lishment in every way, being spacious in size, handsomely appointed, and under the most ex- perienced and skilful management. A splen- did line of goods is shown in every branch of the business. The pure and superior assort- ment of drugs, medicines and pharmaceutical preparations are supplied from the most repu- table sources, and are selected with special ref- erence to strength and freshness. In the line of novelties in perfumery, toilet articles and fancy goods, the enterprise of the proprietor has placed within the reach of his patrons the best articles that can be purchased. The house is perfectly equipped for its specialty of pre- scriptions, and absolute accuracy is assured in all cases. This is also a popular resort for pur- chasers of fine domestic and imported cigars, confectionery, soda and mineral waters, and in the holiday season it is extensively patron- ized by old and young in search of useful and ornamental treasures for Christmas and New Year's gifts. Prices are placed at a veiy rea- sonable figure, and the house is eminently pop- ular with all classes. Mr. Philbrick is a native of Portsmouth, a practical and accomplished pharmacist, member of the New Hampshire Pharmaceutical Association, and known in this community as a useful citizen and honorable and responsible business man. 52 CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. Portsmouth Brewing Company, Brewers of India Pale, Stock and Cream Ales. Hop Beer and Old Brown Stout; Brewery and Office, No. f>4 Bow Street. A leading exponent of the immense brewing interests in Ports- mouth is the Portsmouth Brewing Company, whose office is located at No. 64 Bow Street. This company are extensive brewers of India pale, stock and cream ales, hop beer and old brown stout. The officers and directors are as follows, viz. : President, Arthur Harris; Vice- President, G. Scott; Treasurer, Mark A. Scott; Directors : Arthur Harris, of New York; P. Harrington, of Manchester; and George Scott, George A. Mudge, George E. Hodgdon and Herman A. Tarltou, of Portsmouth. The prep- aration for the manufacture is complete and extensive, every accessory having been pro- vided to assume a high and perfect standard. The ale here brewed has already secured a wide and increasing popularity with dealers and con- sumers, its purity, flavor and health-giving properties being unsurpassed. Only the choic- est materials, carefully selected by competent representatives of the concern, are used, and in the process of production the full strength and virtue of each constituent is extracted and resolved into a union that has found unusual favor with connoisseurs. The greatest pains are taken in every detail of the work, the best and latest methods are employed, and such principles applied in the manufacture as long experience and research have commended and approved. The machinery embraces every in- vention and appliance known to modern brew- ing, and many improvements have been added by the management that are of great practical utility. Each department is under competent direction, and the entire bushiess is under the close personal supervision of Mr. Mark A. Scott, the manager, whose fine technical knowledge and large practical experience having been brought in the business is of the greatest value in securing perfect results. It is the policy of this company to furnish the best in quality, wholesomeness and general excellence, and the estimation in which its products is held at home and abroad gives conclusive proof that a responsive chord has been struck in the pop- ular heart. A customer once secured is seldom lost, and business relations entered into with the company are sure to prove pleasant, profit- able and lasting. \>u Hampshire Rational Bank, No. 14 Pleasant Street. -The city of Portsmouth has in the New Hampshire National Bank a sub- stantial and successfully conducted institution which, by its sound and liberal methods, has largely aided the development of the various mercantile and manufacturing interests of this community. It was incorporated many years ago as the New Hampshire Bank, and was re- organized under the national banking laws in isi>5. It has a capital of 150,000, a present surplus of $30,000, and is officered as follows, viz. : President, E. A. Peterson ; cashier, L. S. Butler; directors, Frank Jones, E. A.Peterson. Marcellus Eldredge, Thos. A. Harris. True M. Ball, Daniel Marcy, and J. Albert Walker. It is a bank of issue, loans and deposits, handles first- class commercial paper, makes collections, and engages in all transactions that are a legitimate part of its character. Special and praise- worthy attention is given to the security of all loans, while a disposition is shown to accom- modate every worthy applicant, and to extend every aid consistent with safety and necessary precaution. The growth of the institution has been commensurate with the energy and pro- gressive spirit of its direction, and a valuable and increasing list of patrons is drawn to its counters, the ability of the management and the high standing of the officers and directors giving every guarantee of the intelligent con- servation of all interests committed to its care. The banking rooms of the institution, located at No. 14 Pleasant Street, are eligibly situated in the heart of the city, amply provided with improved fire and burglar-proof vaults, and so managed as to give the greatest possible security. The Board of Directors comprise an array of business talent and financial strength that commands the universal respect and con- fidence of the community. The president. Mr. Peterson, and the cashier, Mr. Butter, are thoroughly trained financiers, whose opinions have great weight in banking circles, and under whose management the affairs of the New Hampshire National may be considered as entrusted to safe, wise and clean hands. Piseataqua Savings Bank, Pleasant Street. One of the noteworthy and deserving public institutions of this city is the Piseataqua Savings Bank, whose office is with the First National Bank, o'n Pleasant Street. This bank was incorporated in 1877, under the laws of the State of New Hampshire, and from its incep- tion to the present time its officers and trustees have included many of most substantial and best-known citizens of this community. Its present board of officers are as follows, viz.: President, E. P. Kimball; secretary and treas- urer, R. C. Pierce; trustees: E. P. Kimball. W. L. Dwight, J. H. Broughtou, R. C. Pierce. J. W. F. Hobbs, E. C. Spinney, E. B. Philbrick, J. Albert Walker, J. H. Hutchinson, A. F. How- ard, H. A. Yeaton. This is purely a savings bank, and conducted in the interest of the people and recognized as an important factor in developing a spirit of economy and thrift in the community. Being conducted on sound business principles, and its management charac- terized by foresight and judicious enterprise, coupled with ability and integrity, its history from the start has been a record of steady progress and prosperity, and sustaining to-day a prominent position among the stable and re- liable financial institutions of the city and State. A flourishing business is transacted, giving evidence of constant and substantial in- crease annually, while its connections are of the most desirable character. Its deposits July 1, 1887, aggregate 461,587. Its manage- ment is in the hands of gentlemen of sound judgment and tried ability, whose names are a sufficient guarantee of the solvency of the in- stitution. The president, Mr. Kimball. is the president, also, of the First National Bank of this city, and his reputation and standing as a financier was long ago established beyond the requirements of praise. Mr. Pierce is a native of Portsmouth, and eminently fitted by natural talents and practical experience for the safe and judicious administration of the duties of his responsible position and is highly respected in the community. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. S. Pliilbrick & Co., Manufacturers of Marble and Granite Monuments. Tablets and Headstones, Posts and Curbing, Steps and But- tresses. Xo. '2 Water Street. In connection with our review of Portsmouth special men- tion ought to be given the old and widely known firm of S. Pliilbrick & Co., manufact- urers of marble and granite monuments, head- stones, tablets, etc., Xo. 2 Water Street, who are by common consent among the foremost and best known exponents of the art in this city or State ; the work leaving this reliable and well- ordered establishment being first-class in every feature of merit in design, execution, finish and general excellence while the patronage of the concern, which is very extensive, is fully commensurate with deservedly high rep- utation the firm sustains for reliability and skill. This flourishing enterprise was started some fifty odd years ago by S. Pliilbrick, who conducted the same under the style of S. Phil- brick & Co. up to 1886, when the business passefl into the control of his son and succes- sors Messrs. George P., Xewell S. and O. F. Pliilbrick who have since continued with un- interrupted success, still trading under the old firm name, which is regarded as something akin to a well-established trade-mark. The yard and shops are ample and commodious, and twelve or more expert workmen are em- ployed, marble and granite work of every vari- ety for cemetery or building purposes being executed in the highest style of art, while spe- cial attention is devoted to granite polishing. An extensive and A 1 assortment of rough and finished Italian marble (received through a Boston importing house) and Eockport granite is constantly carried on hand; also superb monuments, headstones, tablets, slabs, posts and curbing, steps and buttresses and emblem- atic designs in great variety, and altogether the trade of the firm, which extends through- out the entire State, is of a very substantial and influential character. Ilsley & Moore, Fire, Life and Accident Insurance. Agents and Brokers, Xo. 3 Pleasant Street. Among the leading and most responsi- ble firms engaged in the insurance line in this section of the State may be named that of Ilsley & Moore, general fire, life and accident insurance agents, and brokers, whose neat and well-known offics is located at Xo. 3 Pleasant Street, and none in the business in Portsmouth maintain a higher reputation for stability, reliability and integrity, as few if any enjoy a larger share of public favor and confidence"; while they number among their clientele many of the solid and wealthy citizens in the com- munity. This flourishing business was estab- lished in 1809 by Messrs. Joseph P. Morse and W. X. Ilsley. who conducted the same up to 1886, when the old firm of Morse & Ilsley was dissolved, Mr. Morse retiring, and Mr. Ilsley taking into partnership W. II. Moore, thus constituting the pushing and popular firm whose name heads this sketch, and who have since continued it with the most gratifying success. They transact a general fire insur- ance brokerage business, and are agents for some of the most stable and reliable fire, life and accident companies in the United States, representing among others the following well and favorably known institutions : Equitable Life, Xew York ; Xew England Mutual Life, Boston; and Fidelity & Casualty Co., New York (being the liockingham County agents of the latter), and, altogether, an extensive and very substantial business is transacted, while the patronage grows steadily apace with years. Messrs. Ilsley and Moore, who are natives of this city, are both gentlemen of courteous manners and strict probity, as well as men of sound judgment, energy and ability, and all persons establishing business relations with them are likely to find the same become pleasant, profitable and permanent. L,. V. Newell & Co., Portrait and Land- scape Photographers, Number 1 High street. Of those who have acquired a high reputation for fine work in this line in Portsmouth special mention ought here to be made of L. V. Newell & Co., who are among the foremost exponents of the art in this city; the pictures leaving this reliable establishment being first class in every feature of merit. This business was estab- lished in October, 1883, by L. V. Newell, who conducted the same alone up to December, 1886, when he admitted into partnership E. C. Nick- erson, thus constituting the firm whose name heads this sketch. The gallery and reception room are neatly appointed and the operating department is completely equipped in every respect with the most improved appliances and general appurtenances ; no pains being spared to render the utmost satisfaction in every instance to patrons. Photography in all its branches is executed in oil, pastel, crayon, India ink, and kindred work is done in the most superior and expeditious manner, artistic portraits and landscape views being specialties, and altogether the patronage of the house is large and prosperous and affords evidence of constant and gratifying increase. Messrs. Xewell and Nickerson are both gentlemen of courteous manners and practical and expert photographers. J. H. Timelier, Pharmacist, No'. 12 Market Square. This gentleman is a pharma- cist of first-class ability and of very extended experience in his important and onerous profession. He was born in Biddeford, Me., in 1826, is a pharmaceutical graduate, and a member of the American and New Hampshire Pharmaceutical Associations. For forty-one years he has been one of the most noted and popular men in Portsmouth. His premises are very eligibly located, fronting, as they do on Market Square, Daniel Street, and Market Sti-eet. The stock embraces a general assort- ment of fresh, pure drugs, chemicals, and also all requisites in the line of perfumery and toilet articles, together with all the leading proprietary medicines of acknowl- edged merit. Mr. Thacher is the manufact- urer and sole proprietor of Dickman's, Little- field's & Thacher' s Court Plaster, which is admitted to have no superior in the market. Experienced assistants are employed, and the strictest attention is paid to the com- pounding of physicians' prescriptions and family recipes, which are always prepared in the most accurate and prompt manner from the finest and purest drugs. 54 CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. Sheldon Brother*, Manufacturers of, and Dealers in. Fashionable Parlor Suits, Sofas, Lounges, Rocking, Parlor and Easy Chairs, Centre Tables, Black Walnut Chamber Sets, etc.. Salesroom. Xo. 72 State Street. A stock of modern furniture is one of the most attrac- tive sights to be seen along any of our fashion- able thoroughfares. There is an originality of design, coupled with richness of materials and excellence of workmanship, that entitles each piece to be called a work of art. In the city of Portsmouth no house takes a higher position in the manufacture and sale of fine furniture than that of Sheldon Brothers, lo- cated at No. 72 State Street. This house was established in 1808, and has been conducted with marked ability and steadily increasing success. The premises occupied comprise e- four floors, 25 x 50 feet each, and unsurpassed facilities are at hand for the prosecution of the business upon a larger scale. The sales- rooms are stocked to repletion with a fine assortment of fashionable parlor, chamber and dining room suits, sofas, lounges, easy chairs, centre tables, black walnut chamber sets, chestnut and painted sets, and hall, library, office and kitchen furniture of every kind, besides innumerable special pieces in wood, silk, brocades, velours and plushes. A specialty is made of upholstering to order and for sale work, and the restoring of old furniture. The commonest meterials, when remodeled by this house, assume unique and attractive shapes, in unity with both the modern and the antique. Much of the ware is matchless for elegance and beauty, and it is the aim of the management to offer goods which shall rank superior in the trade, not only in quality of material but in the equally important mat- ters of tasteful designs and artistic workman- ship. Our readers may be assured that in the purchase of furniture, or in employing this house in any of its departments, their inter- ests will be greatly enhanced, and that in the matter of price nothing will be left to be desired. The trade is large in both city and country, and all orders are promptly and care- fully filled. Mr. Stewart A. Sheldon, the sur- viving partner of the original firm, is a native of Portsmouth, in the prime of life, and ener- getic, enterprising and reliable in all his busi- ness methods. O. H. Cook, Cards, Cabinets, and all Larger Sizes, No. 5 Congress Street, (over Fay's). The improvements made in the art of photography are best seen in Portsmouth by visiting the studio of Mr. O. H. Cook, who has the finest establishment of the kind here, and is recognized as the leading photographer of this city, being thoroughly enterprising and progressive in his methods, and possessing a natural taste and large experience as an artist. His parlors are spacious and well-lighted, handsomely furnished and fitted up for the reception of patrons, while on the walls are to be seen many fine specimens of the artist's skill in every branch of his work. He is pre- pared to execute every style of artistic work, both in oils, crayons, India ink, pasteh and water colors,, and furnishes cards, cabinets and larger sizes of photographs in the highest style of the art, and at prices which are remarkably low for first-class work. He is thus enabled to suit all tastes, and those who examine his work and test his skill will be delighted at the result of his labors. He is doing a large and prosperous business. He was the second photographer in New England to adopt the in- stantaneous process, and is never satisfied to merely keep abreast of the times, but forges his way ahead in his endeavor to elevate the pro- fession and enhance the value of his work. Mr. Cook is a native of Maine, in the prime of life, and has been established here since 1875, during which time he has gained a high re putation. John Fender, Insurance, National Block, Congress Street A leading and popular in- surance agency in the city of Portsmouth is that conducted by Mr. John Pender, whose office is located in National Block, on Congress Street. He established this agency here in March, 1885, and has developed a large and influential patronage throughout the city and surrounding- country. As an insurance agent and broker he has had wide experience, and is prepared to conduct all branches of his business under the most favorable conditions. He is the authorized agent in Portsmouth and vicinity for the following well-known com- panies, viz.: the Granite State Mutual Fire In- surance Company, of Portsmouth; the People's Fire Insurance Company, of Manchester; the Capitol Fire Association, of Nashua; the Mas- conia Fire Insurance Company, of Lebanon; the Manufacturers' and Merchants', and the State Mutual Fire Insurance Companies, of Concord; and the Employers' Liability Asso- ciation, of London, England. Policies are also secured in any of the larger companies that may be desired, and upon the most favorable terms. Mr. Pender now controls the insuring of the many of the choicest lines of business and residential property in the city and its vicinity. The interests of policy-holders are closely watched and carefully guarded by him, and he is a recognized and reliable authority upon all matters relating to fire insurance. Mr. Pender is a native of Massachusetts. LEAU1SG MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. J. M. Tebbetts, Fashionable Millinery. No. 14 Market Street. The millinery estab- lishment of Mrs. J. M. Tebbetts, at No. 14 Market Street, is one of the most popular metropolitan shopping places in the city of Portsmouth, For nearly twenty years it has been under its present enterprising man- agement, and during that time it has been the chief source of' supply for artistic and fashionable millinery merchandise, such as hats, bonnets, fine French flowers, ostrich plumes and tips, rich ribbons and laces, straw and silk goods, feathers, ornaments and trim- mings of every description. The establish- ment is one of the leading attractions to the ladies of Portsmouth and vicinity, and enjoys the best trade in its special line of enterprise. In prices, as well as in quality and style of goods, Mrs. Tebbetts successfully competes with any house in this part of the country, and her large patronage, drawn from the elite of this city and its surrounding towns, is a deserved tribute to her enterprise, taste and judgment. A large number of competent assistants are regularly employed to meet the demands of the trade, and every facility is at hand for the prompt and perfect fulfilment of all orders. Consignments are constantly arriving from the most fashionable sources of supply, and every effort is made to secure the choicest and most desirable novelties in this line as soon as they are ready for the market. The assortments contain at all times the freshest productions of both home and foreign markets, and the latest and most correct styles. Mrs. Tebbetts has been emi- nently successful in catering to the. tastes of this community in this direction of trade, and is universally popular with her host of permanent patrons. .1 a im>* R. Yeaton & Co., Corn, Meal and Oats, Ships' Stores, etc., Corner Vaughan and Congress Streets. Mr. Yeaton, who is sole proprietor of this establishment, is one of Portsmouth's recognized leading merchants. He founded his business here in 1858, be- ginning with a modest capital and gradually increasing his facilities as his trade expanded, which it did steadily fi-om the outset. The store occupied is 20 x 80 feet in dimensions, and has a basement of like capacity. A large stock is carried, the assortment com- prising corn, meal, oats, butter, cheese, and farm and dairy produce of all kinds, also a full line of staple groceries, canned goods, and ships' stores of every variety. Besides selling for cash, the proprietor also accepts produce in exchange for other goods. Both a family and shipping trade is catered to, the volume of business transactions are of an extensive character, and the establishment lias a large list of permanent patrons. A branch store is situated on McDonough Street at which a flourishing trade is also enjoyed. Mr. Yeaton. who is a native of Portsmouth, is now in his fiftieth year, and in the enjoyment of an excellent constitution; he is a business man of push and enterprise, prompt and honorable in all his transactions, is also a thrifty and well to-do partner, and his record is one of uninterrupted success and mercan- tile probity. Charles W. Taylor, Wholesale and Re- tail Dealer in Furnaces, Ranges, etc., Nos. 42 and 44 Market Street This gentleman is well and widely known as a wholesale and retail dealer in furnaces, ranges, and in Tay- lor's Patent Steam Cover, Adjustable Stove Pipe Shelf, and the North Star Wash Board, and makes a leading specialty of sanitary plumbing. He established his business here in 1883, and, by energy, industry and enter- prise, has built up a fine reputation and a large and growing trade. The premises com- prise a five-story building, 40 x 100 feet in dimensions, and unsurpassed facilities are possessed for the systematic and successful prosecution of the business in all its depart- ments. In the line of plumbing this house occupies an unquestioned position in the front rank of the trade from which it can make good its claim for accomplishing the best .and most thorough work to be found in any locality, while every convenience is at hand for the prompt and perfect fulfilment of all orders. The stock oi stoves, ranges, and fuinaces which is constantly carried em- bodies all the latest improvements made in cooking and heating, and is received direct from the best manufacturers in the country, a specialty being made of furnaces. A gen- eral jobbing business is transacted in tin, sheet-iron and copper work, and the trade is large, first class and influential in all branches of the business, requiring the services of from ten to fifteen hands, and extending throughout the city and all the surrounding country. Mr. Taylor is a native of Portsmouth, and a young man of experience, business ability and personal worth, with whom it is always a pleasure to deal. Flynn Tiro*., Meats, Groceries and Provi- sions, Ship Stores a Specialty, No. 31 Market Street. This business was inaugurated in June, 1886, and has quickly grown to proportions now necessitating a three-story building and base- ment, each floor having 'dimensions of 20 x 00 feet, the place throughout being thoroughly metropolitan in all its arrangements and ap- pointments. The affairs of the house are con- ducted with systematic regularity, and the great amount of business accomplished, to- gether with the low prices which prevail in all the departments, impress the visitor with the fact that money can be saved in purchases made here, while at the same time dependence may be placed upon securing the very best goods the market affords. A very large stock is carried, embracing every variety of foreign and domestic staple and fancy groceries, fresh and salt meats, and provisions of all kinds, fruits and vegetables, canned goods, ships' stores, and a choice assortment of foreign and American wines and. liquors. A specialty is made of supplying ships with stores, and spe- cial inducements in prices are offered in this line. Every facility is possessed for the prompt fulfilment of orders, and in all their transac- tions the firm will be found liberal and fair. The co-partners, Messrs. Eugene and Barthol- omew Flynn, are thoroughly experienced iu their line"of trade, hold a high position in mer- cantile and social circles, and are actively iden- tified with the best interests of this city. CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. Kennedy & Miller M'f 'g Co., Manufact- urers of Hosiery and Gloves, Xo. 34 Union 'Street. Although, perhaps, not so widely known as a manufacturing centre as some other cities and towns in this State of 110 greater commercial importance, but chiefly devoted to one special industry that fills the eye, Portsmouth does contain, notwithstand- ing, some noteworthy and flourishing indus- trial enterprises, prominent among which is the well and favorably known establishment of the Kennedy & Miller M'f'g Co., Manu- facturers of Hosiery and Gloves, No. 34 Union Street, and which is in all respects an admira- bly conducted and well-equipped concern of the kind, and whose products are in steady and extensive demand in the trade throughout the entire New England. This company, of which Thomas Kennedy is president and George A. Miller, treasurer, with Messrs. Thomas Kennedy, George A. Miller and Her- man W. Oxford, directors, was duly incorpo- rated under the laws of the State as the Kennedy & Miller M'f'g Co., with a capital stock of 15,000 in 1881, and the positive and permanent success that has attended the en- terprise from its inception abundantly attests thj general excellence and reliability of the goods manufactured, as well as the wisdom that inspired the venture, and the energy, ability and sound judgment displayed in the management of the business. The factory, which is ample and commodious, is operated by steam power and completely equipped in every respect with the newest and most im- proved machinery, appliances and general appurtenances, while a full force of expert hands are employed, and the trade, which ex- tends all over the Eastern States, is exceed- ingly large and continually increasing. Jos. P. Morse, Insurance, Real Estate and Money Broker and House Agent, No. 13 Pleasant Street. The insurance and feal es- tate agent is an important factor in every com- munity, and the duties exercised by such agent have an influential bearing on the com- mercial and manufacturing resources of a community. Prosecuting an enterprise in this direction is Mr. Joseph P. Morse, who founded his establishment, which is located at No. 13 Pleasant Street, twenty years ago. Mr. Morse is a gentleman of the highest standing, who has made a complete study of the law of real estate and of insurance questions, and can be engaged with implicit confidence in all mat- ters pertaining thereto. He gives the most carefully attention to the sale, exchange and letting of properties, collects rents, negotiates loans, and also effects insurance to any amount in leading reliable insurance companies, and is prompt and efficient as an insurance agent. He is the accredited representative of the following insurance companies: Home M'f'rs' and Traders' Mutual Fire Insurance Co., of Concord, IS". H. ; The Granite State, of Ports- mouth; The New England, of Rutland. Vt. ; Capital Fire Insurance Co., of Concord, N. H. ; Guarantee Fire Insurance Co., of Great Falls, N. H.; Travellers Life and Accident Insurance Company of Hartford, Conn. Mr. Morse was born sixty-eight years ago at Plymouth, N. H., and has been in active business in Portsmouth for forty-two years, and has always been an earnest supporter of any movement conducive to the general welfare and benefit of the com- munity. A. P. Wendell V Co., Dealers in Hard- ware and Cutlery, Paints, Oils and Varnishes, Oars, Rowlocks, and Boat Fittings ; Guns and Ammunition, No. 2 Market Square. This is one of the leading and most prominent commercial concerns of the city. The business was origi- nally inaugurated in 1847 by Mr. Abram Q. Wendell, and successfully conducted by him untill 1874, when the present firm succeeded to the entire control, and have since greatly increased the facilities and business operations of the house. The premises occupied com- prise a five-story building, each floor having an area of 25 x 60 feet. The establishment is well systematized throughout, every de- partment being complete in its appointments, and every facility is possessed for the satis- factory handling of a large volume of trade transactions such as the firm command. The stock carried has been carefully selected and embraces none but the most reliable goods, and comprises a complete assortment of staple and fancy hardware, cutlery, paints, oils, varnishes, oars, rowlocks, boat fittings, mechanics' tools and builders' requisites, guns and ammunition and sporting goods of all kinds. The house holds the agency for John's celebrated asbestos liquid paints, and plastic stove lining, keeping on hand a large supply at all times. A staff of competent clerks are employed, every facility is possessed for the prompt fulfilment of orders. The members of the firm, Messrs. A. P. and Henry Wendell, are natives of this city, and' among her most substantial and representative merchants and citizens. O. F. Philbriek & Co., Dealers in Coal and Wood. Office, No. 4 Water Street. Among the leading and most responsible forms engaged in this line in Portsmouth can be named that of O. F. Philbriek & Co., wholesale and retail deal- ers in coal and wood, whose well known office is located at No. 4 Water Street, with capacious and well stocked yard on the water front, -and than which no concern of the kind in this city sustains a higher reputation for reliable stock and upright dealing, as few receive a larger measure of merited recognition; customers being always assured of getting an excellent article, honest weight and measure, and satis- factory treatment in this popular and well ordered establishment. This flourishing en- terprise was started in June, 18S3, and from its reception has been conducted with uniform and gratifying success, the patronage of the firm being large and prosperous, and grows apace annually. The yard has a dock frontage of 150 feet and a depth of 450 feet and a heavy and carefully assorted stock is constantly car- ried, including best quality of anthracite coal of all kinds (received direct from Pennsylva- nia); also fire and kindling wood, sawed and split, and four hands are employed, while three teams are in steady service supplying customers all over the city and surrounding towns. The firm is composed of Messrs. George P., Newell S. and Otis F. Philbriek. brothers, and natives and residents of Ports- mouth, LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 57 Fletcher & Taiiton, Furniture Dealers and Upholsterers, and Undertakers, No. 00 Market Street. This house was founded some seventy or eighty years ago, during which time it has been in the hands of several pro- prietors. Prior to 1872 Mr. C. J. Colcord was proprietor for a quarter of a century, and at that date he was succeeded by the present firm, the co-partners in which are Messrs. S. S. Fletcher and H. G. Tanton. The former is a native of Kittery, and the latter of Prince Edward Island. The premises occupied con- sist of three spacious floors, and these are very tastefully fitted up throughout. The stock carried is very large and complete, com- prising fine and library furniture, including plain and upholstered sofas, chairs, lounges; parlor, library, dining-room and bedroom suites of the very latest and most fashionable designs. The firm are prepared at all times to do all kinds of upholstering and house decora- tion at the shortest possible notice in the very highest style of workmanship known to the trade, and at most reasonable prices. They make a specialty of fine custom work, and for this purpose employ none but the most skilled and proficient workmen. Repairing and re-up- holstering receive the most careful attention. The house has attained wide-spread popularity for the excellence of its productions and the honorable business methods adhered to. The firm are also furnishing undertakers and em- balmers, carry a full and complete assortment of funeral requisites, and furnish everything required in connection with burials. They take entire charge of funerals, give particular attention to embalming, are prompt and relia- ble in all their engagements, reasonable in their charges and personally popular in the com- munity. dioodrich, Books and Stationery, No. 1 Congress Block. The popular head- quarters for books, stationery and wall-paper in the city of Portsmouth is the establishment of Mr. Mercer Goodrich, at No. 1 Congress Block, corner of Market and Daniel streets. This is one of the finest business locations in the city, and so popular a resort has it become that all Portsmouth may be said to pass through it in a day. To the stranger, from its literary attractiveness, it is a place not to lie overlooked, while the lovers of literature in this community make it their chief rendezvous. To drop into Goodrich's for a glimpse at the last new novel or magazine is with them a daily duty. The house has been under the popular management of Mr. Goodrich since its foundation in 1877. It is spacious in size. and well stocked in every department Here are to be found all the' works of the best authors, in history, science, and fiction, prose and poetry; medical, theological and agricult- ural works; maps, globes and guide-books: sporting, yachting and out-of-door literature generally; books with fine bindings, illustrat- ed works, juvenile books, and seaside novels. The establishment is never without the last 'new thing" in English. French or American literature. The Portsmouth circulating library is also kept here, which contains L'.IOO volumes and is liberally patronized. The assortment of wall-paper is very large and complete, com- prising all the latest designs and patterns of both domestic and foreign production. Six clerks and salesmen give prompt and courte- ous attention to the wants of customers. Mr. Goodrich is a native of Portsmouth, and one of its best known citizens and prominent busi- ness men. He has held the office of city clerk for the past three years, and is closely iden- tified with the welfare and prosperity of the city in the broadest sense. William 01111, Wholesale Dealer in Butter, Cheese, Lard, Beans, etc. Western Lard and Vermont Dairy Butter a Specialty, Xo. 68 State Street. An old established and well-known house devoted to this important branch of commercial activity in Portsmouth is the stable and reliable concern of William Conn, wholesale dealer in butter, cheese, lard, beans, etc., No. 68 State Street, whose history since the inception of the business, thirty odd years ago, marks a record of steady and sub- stantial progress. Being conducted on sound and conservative business principles, and its management from the start characterized by energy, sagacity and judicious enterprise, coupled with upright and honorable dealing, the result could hardly have been other than the well merited success Mr. Conn has de- servedly achieved. The premises occupied comprising office, storehouse and cellar, are ample and commodious and completely equipped in every respect with the most im- proved cold-storage appliances and general appurtenances, including capacious refrigera- tors, and a heavy and choice stock is con- stantly carried on hand to meet the require- ments of the steady and extensive demand; Western lard and Vermont dairy butter being the specialties handled, and the trade which is of a wholesale character extends all over the city and environing towns, Newberry- port, Dover, Hampton, Rye and the beaches. Mr. Conn is a native of Hillsboro, N. H., but an old and one of the best known and stanchest residents of Portsmouth. He is the present efficient and popular representa- tive in the State Legislature from this district. Brothers, Dealers in Newspapers and Periodicals, Fruits and Confectionery, etc.. No. 21 Congress Street. The business of this well-known firm was inaugurated in 1872 at their present address, and bringing to bear an unlimited amount of energy and en- terprise in their management, they made a sun-ess from the outset. Their finely fur- nished store, having an area of 20 x 50 feet, is furnished especially for the requirements of their trade, and is a very attractive salesroom. A large, carefully selected and excellently varied stock is at all times found displayed here, the assortment comprising all the latest newspapers and periodicals, novels, station- ery, fancy goods, cutlery and toys, tobaccos, foreign and domestic cigars, confectionery in full variety, and a very superior supply of: all the latest fruits in season. An extensive city and suburban trade is catered to. demanding the employment of a staff of five clerks. The members of the firm, Messrs. F. F. and S.W. Moses, are gentlemen of excellent business ability, upright and straightforward natives of this city. CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. Jeimess & Dowel, Manufacturers of all kinds of Foreign and American Marble, No. 52 Market Street. The growth of the industrial and mercantile resources of Portsmouth dur- ing recent years has been of the most gratify- ing order, new enterprises constantly coming into existence to aid in the general prosperity and development of the community. Among the most noticeable of recent industries estab- lished here is that conducted by Messrs. Jen- ness and Dowd. This firm inaugurated their business in March, 1887, and are carrying on general operations as manufacturers of all kinds of foreign and American marble and granite work of all kinds. The co-partners are practically acquainted with every department of their profession, having been engaged in it for years, and they are assisted in their opera- tions by a corps of skilled workmen. The workshop, having an area of 25 x 50 feet, has every facility at command to aid in the pro- duction. Marble and granite work of every description is executed to order at short no- tice, a specialty being made of monumental work, and for originality of design and elabo- rate finish in their output, Messrs. Jenness & Dowd cannot be excelled by any of their con- temporaries. They receive the choicest qual- ity of Italian marble direct through a leading Boston importing house, and their granite from the leading quarries of New England. They are prepared with the best conveniences to manufacture to order any design required, and to meet every demand of the trade prompt- ly, guaranteeing entire satisfaction in all cases. The members of the firm, Messrs. Lowell Jen- ness and John H. Dowd, are both New Eng- landers, the former having been born in this State, the latter in Maine. They have an ex- tensive business and social acquaintance, and their permanent success is fully assured. J. Brooks V Co., Flour, Grain and Grass Seeds, Steam Mills and Elevator near Concord R. R. Depot, Office and Store Nos. 141 and 143 Market Street. As a striking instance of the extensive centre Portsmouth has become for all branches of trade, we may quote the busi- ness house of Messrs. J. Brooks & Co., of Nos. 141 and 143 Market Street, who are widely known as wholesale and retail dealers in flour, grain and grass seeds, pork, lard, etc., and as proprietors of the steam mills and elevator near the Concord R. R. depot. The business of this house was originally established some thirty-five years ago by Mr. J. Brooks, and in I8ii5, the firm of J. Brooks & Co., was organized by the admission to partnership of Mr. H. A. Yeaton. In 1878 Mr. Brooks died, and the busi- ness lias since been conducted by Mr. Yeaton and the Brooks estate. The elevator was built in 1880, and has a capacity of 25,000 bushels. For trade purposes the firm occupy a fine large store on Market Steeet, where is carried a large stock of the best brands of flour, which is regulated by the.demands of the trade. In or der to fill orders promptly in all cases, arrange- ments are made with large shippers where- by the stock of flour and grain is kept full and complete. The goods are received direct from manufacturers and first hands, and are sold to the trade and consumers in quantities to suit, at the lowest market prices. The trade is large and active in the city and throughout the states of New Hampshire and Maine, requir- ing the employment of a large force of men and teams, and which is annually increasing in volume and importance. Mr. Yeaton is a na- tive of Portsmouth, well-known as a useful cit- izen and an upright business man. Oren Bragdon & Son, Manufacturers of and Dealers in Boots, Shoes and Rubbers, No. 24 Market Street. Among the prominent mer- cantile establishments is that of Messrs. Oren Bragdon & Son, manufacturers of, and dealers in, boots, shoes and rubbers. The business was originally founded some forty years ago by Mr. Oren Bragdon, who is a native of Maine, but has resided in this city since 18o7. Dur- ing the r war he served as City Marshal, fulfil- ing all his onerous duties in a capable and effi- cient manner. As a merchant he has ever been noted for his horn sty, honorable methods and liberal policy, and he commands the re- spect of the entire community. His son, Mr. Wm. A. Bragdon, who was born in this city, and who spent many years in Boston in the wholesale boot and shoe business, was admit- ted a member of the firm on January 1, 1S87. He is a business man of thorough training, en- ergetic and enterprising, and is popular and well-liked in both mercantile and social circles. The business premises occupied have an area of 20 x 60 feet, are excellently fitted up, and contain a splendid assortment of fine boots, shoes, rubbers and slippers of every descrip- tion, which has been carefully selected from the leading manufacturers of the country and are unsurpassed for style, excellence of qual- ity, and the remarkably low prices at which they are offered. Special attention is given to custom work and repairing, all orders being executed faithfully at low prices. Joseph Pettigrew, Boots, Shoes and Slippers, No. 1 Congress Street, (opp. North Church.) Without making any insidious com- parisons, we should Jt>e unfaithful in the dis- charge of our duties as truthful historians, if we failed to make mention of the widely known boot and shoe establishment so ably conducted by Mr. Joseph Pettigrew of No. 1 Congress Street. This business was founded in 1868, and from that time to this, has enjoyed a liberal patronage. The store is 20 x 40 feet in dimensions attractively arranged and ?con- tains as fine a line of goods as can be found in any similar establishment in this city. Polite and obliging attention is accorded to all visi- tors by Mr. Pettigrew and two assistants, and no misrepresentations are made in order to effect a sale, consequently patrons can rely on all goods obtained here. He carries every- thing in the way of foot-wear for the old and young of both sexes, of all sizes, styles and qualities, and makes a specialty of the celebrated A.S.T. Co. black sole leather tip shoes for children, the only kind that will not injure the feet, and of which he sells large numbers. He also makes boots and shoes to order at low prices, repairs the same promptly and on moderate terms. He is a native of this city, and is one of Portsmouth's most solid business men. He is a member of the Me- chanics' Association, I.O.O.F. and the Re- beccas. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. Peter Strickland, Sail Maker, and Man- ufacturer of Awnings, Tents, Flags, and Horse | Covers, Xo. '.)! Market Street. An interesting and important industry is that conducted in Portsmouth by Mr. Peter Strickland, at his es- tablishment, Xo. 91 Market Street. This gen- tleman is well known throughout the State as a sail maker of large experience and estab- lished reputation; also, as an extensive man- ufacturer of awnings, tents, flags, and horse covers. The business was originally estab- lished in 1885, by Messrs. Thomas S. Gay & Co., Mr. Strickland being a member of the firm and succeeding to the sole control in April, 1886. The premises occupied by .the business com- prise three floors, 30 x 70 feet each, and a com- petent force of skilled and expert hands are constantly employed. The specialty of this house is the manufacture of sails to order, while a large and growing business is tran- sacted in making both for the trade and to or- der all kinds of plain and fancy awnings, tents, flags, and horse covers. Many of the leading- ship owners along the coast are constant pa- trons of this house, and the many sailing craft that frequent' this section add largely to the general patronage, while the regular trade in canvas goods forms an important factor in the business. Awnings and frames for stores and private dwellings are made and put up at the shortest notice. Striped awning cloth and all kinds of sail cloth are kept for sale ; also, boat sailSj wagon covers, canvas signs, tent poles, pins, flag poles, etc. The proprietor is the agent here for water-proof duck, and the only manufacturer of flags in the State. The flags manufactured by him are of the finest material and design, and are for sale and to let for dec- orations. The awnings made by him are of superior quality and finish* and the goods in every department of the business are such as to commend their own merits to the inspection of all. Mr. Strickland is a thoroughly practical and experienced manufacturer, having a com- plete knowledge of all the details and require- ments of his trade. Butler, " Hatter," and Gent's Furnish- er, Xo. 13 Congress Street. A house that has been established for half a century must necessarily engage and attract more than ordi- inary attention from the compilers of this re- oiew of the commerce and industries of the city vf Portsmouth. Such an establishment is that now conducted by Mr. George W. Butler, at Xo. 13 Congress street. This noteworthy con- cern was originally founded fifty years ago by X. K. Walker, and has since undergone several changes of management, the present propri- etor coming into control in 1880. Under his energetic directorship the facilities of the house, as well as its trade, have been greatly extended, and its prosperity placed upon a substantial, permanent footing. The hand- somely furnished salesroom, 20 x 50 feet in di- mensions, is one of the most atti-active business places in the city. It is filled to its utmost ca- pacity with a complete stock of the choicest go. Randall, Mercantile Job Printer, Xo. 5 Congress Street. Mr. Randall established himself in 1882 and is a practical printer, well knowing the wants of the com- munity in his line. Since the inception of his enterprise he has always enjoyed a liberal and permanent patronage from all classes of the community. The premises occupied are very commodious, and are furnished with the latest improved presses, types and materials of all descriptions. In mechanical execution Mr. Randall's printing cannot be excelled, and he keeps constantly on hand the most extensive supply of new type, comprising all the latest styles, and is always making additions as new designs are issued. He does all kinds of job and commercial printing promptly and in an artistic manner on very moderate terms. He publishes " The Seashore," an eight page journal, of large circulation, and devoted to the interests of the summer visitors in the vicinity. It is issued on Saturday, and v ell filled with interesting reading matter. All or- ders by mail or otherwise are promptly at- tended to, and the work executed to the satis- faction of his patrons. He is a native of this city, and thoroughly understands every detail of his business in which he is prompt and re- liable in all his dealings and merits the success thus far achieved and a permanent continuance of the same. 60 CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. National and Rockiiighum House, Sale and Let Stable. Xathan Jones, Proprietor. No. 23 Hanover Street. Mr. Jones established his business here in 1SS5, and has built up a large patronage in all branches of his trade. His establishment has become a popular head- quarters not only in the livery business, but also as a famous horse mart, where horses, carriages, harnesses, blankets, robes, whips and halters could be bought, exchanged or hired at the lowest prices. The stable has first- class accommodations for thirty-two horses, and is provided with every modern conven- ience and facility requisite for the enterprise. A splendid stock of horses is kept for hire, as well as a full line of carriages, buggies, landafus, hacks and other vehicles, suitable for either business or pleasure, at moderate rates. The boarding branch of the enterprise is patronized by the best class of customers, and an ex- perienced force of grooms and stall-men give careful attention to the comfort of the stock. Mr. Jones is a recognized authority upon the good points and the treatment of horses, and has unsurpassed facilities for supplying those in quest of driving horses with the best in the market. Parties in need of horses, carriages or horse furnishing goods of any kind will do well to consult him as a gentleman who can furnish them with a reliable article to their entire satisfaction. His reputation for fair and honorable dealing has long been firmly established in this community. Mr. Jones is a native of Harrington, X. H., and came to this city at the age of eighteen, residing here ever since. His brother, Hon. Frank Jones, is well known as the ex-member of Congress from this district. J. K. .Tlunnintf, Boots. Shoes and Slip- pers, Xo. 5 Market Street. This house was established eight years ago and is now the largest in its line in the city and since its in- ception has enjoyed a liberal and substantial patronage due to the superior quality of the goods handled, their low prices, and the honor- able business methods of its proprietor. He occupies a fine store 15 x 80 feet in dimensions handsomely finished and fitted up, and ad- mirably arranged for the effective display of his stock. He carries a complete assortment of boots, shoes, gaiters and slippers, for men and boys; and for ladies, everything seasonable and fashionable from the dainty kid slipper to the strong walking shoe. The trade is large and steadily increasing, fine polite assistants aid the proprietor in attending to the wants of his rminy customers, and neatness, order and system prevail. Mr. Manning is a native of Xewmarket X. H. and is an active progres- sive business man. John L,. Randall, Ship Stores, Groceries, Flour, Tea, Coffee and Country Produce, Con- fectionery, Tobacco and Cigars ; No. 66 State Street, Corner Pleasant. Established in 1881 by the present popular proprietor, situated in an eligible location for trade purposes, and dealing in every description of goods coming under the head of ship stores and family gro- ceries, the house of Mr. John L. Randall, at No. 66 State Street, corner of Pleasant, is num- bered among the most prosperous in its spe- cial line of trade in Portsmomth. The stock includes the best brands of flour, and the finest teas, the purest coffees and spices, canned goods in greatjrariety, sugars, syrups and molasses, preserves, pickles, table delica- cies and condiments, the products'of the farm, the dairy, the orchard and the garden, fresh from the hands of the producer, a fine line of confectionery, and the best brands of domes- tic and imported cigars and tobacco. Goods are delivered promptly to all parts of the city, and orders from the country are filled with the utmost dispatch. The trade is large and active in both city and country, and the best possible inducements are offered to families and vessels in regard to both excellence of goods and economy of prices. Mr. Eandall is known as one of the prominent and reliable grocers of Portsmouth. William DeCourcy, Fashionable Tailor, No. 37 Congress Street. Mr. DeCourcy has, by his enterprise, skill, and splendid acquirements in his profession, established a trade that is broadly distributed throughout all this section, and is both large, first-class and influential in city and country. He has teen actively en- gaged in business here since 1871, and deVotes his entire attention to fine clothing and first- class custom work. He occupies two floors, 20 x 50 feet each, and exhibits one of the finest lines of domestic and foreign fabrics ever brought to this city, including overcoatings, suitings and trouserings that give the limit of manufacture in high-class goods. The gar- ments produced at his establishment are per- fect in style, fit and artistic woikmanship. and recommend the house at once to the confidence and patronage of all. A force of twenty hands, all skilled and experienced in the art, are reg- ularly employed, while all the details of the bus- iness are under the personal supervision of the proprietor, whose excellent taste and practical judgment serve to insure satisfaction to every customer. Prices aie placed at as low a figure as is consistent with first-class work, and the trade of the house is annually increasing in vol- ume and importance. Mr. DeCourcy is a native of Montpelier, Vermont, in the prime of life, reliable and responsible in all his dealings. and eminently popular and successful in catering to the wants of the community in this direc- tion of trade. H. C. LiOcko, Foreign and Domestic Fruits, etc. ; No. 14 Maiket; Street. This business was established i y this gentleman nine- teen years ago. and in all this long period he has enjoyed a biilstantial patronage. He occupies a store 15 x 50 feet in dimensions, neatly finished and fitted up, and admirably arranged for the advantageous display of his diversified stock. He carries a full line of foreign and domestic fruits, confectionery of all kinds, including the celebrated Whitman's Philadelphia chocolate drops and caramels. also choice teas and coffees from the "Orien- tal Tea Company.'' and a full line of Looks. magazines, New York story papers, serials. periodicals, etc. In another department- he has beer, ale and light drinks. Mr. Locke is a native of Concord in this state, and is prominently identified with the order of the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Knights of Honor and the Ked Men. LEAVING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 61 William P. Walker, Merchant Tailor, No. 8 Market Square. The history of promi- nent representatives of the tailor's art in Ports- mouth must give a leading position to Mr. Wil- liam P. Walker, of No. 8 Market Square. Not to know this gentleman argues one's self un- known. He has heen a tower of strength in his profession for these many years, having been actively engaged in the business here ever since 1848. He is still apparently in the prime of life, and has developed a reputation in his line of trade that places him beyond the re- quirements of praise. To seek his services once is to be his patron always. His place of business is the popular headquarters for those who appreciate an establishment where is to be found a line of goods that is at all times supe- rior, and where the general make-up, lit and trimming of a garment is a matter of careful consideration and study. His store is eligibly si United, and every facility is at hand for rapid, successful and satisfactory work. He exhibits a line stock of clothes and trimmings, com- plete in material, design and novelty, and rep- resenting the best sources of American and European production. Mi-. Walker devotes his time to nothing but lino custom work, and the garments made by him are acknowledged by every patron to be perfection in style, fit and artistic workmanship. The trade of the house is hiTge, first class and influential, requiring the constant services of a large force of skilled hands and his patrons embrace many of the officers of the.TJ. S. Navy and a goodly number of our best dressed citizens and solid business men. His prices are placed as low as is con- sistent with first class work, and he is known to be eminently fair and conscientious in all bis business methods. Mr. Walker is a native of this state, in the thirty-second degree of Masonry, prominent in the order of (:dd Fel- lows, and respected and popular in all the re- lations of life. I>. II. Montgomery. Sole Agent for the Knabe Pianos. Dealer in Pianos, Organs. Sheet Music and Musical Goods. Pictures and Frames, Artists' Materials, No. 6 Pleasant Street, opposite Post Office. Attention is here directed to the popular emporium of D. II. Montgomery, sole agent for the celebrated Knabe pianos, and dealer in pianos, organs, sheet music, general musical merchandise, art novelties and picture frames, eligibly lo- cated at No. 6 Pleasant Street, Where is always displayed an exceedingly fine assortment of everything comprehended in this line, includ- ing besides the excellent and elegant Knabe pianos, also the well and favorably known ('bickering, Ives & Pond, Briggs and the Vose pianos, and the Mason & Hamlin. Wilcox & White and the Smith American organs. This store was established in isi>2 by D. H. Montgomery (deceased), who conducted it up to November 13. 1885, when owing to his death which occurred at this period, the busi- ness passed into the control of H. P. Mont- gomery, who as manager has since continued the same for the estate of the late proprietor and founder. The store, which is 25 x 70 feet in dimensions, is finely appointed and a very superior and complete stock is constantly carried on hand, embracing pianos and organs of the leading American manufactures, other musical instruments, violins, guitars, banjos, etc.. sheet music, music books and musical goods of every description, also a superb as- sortment of artistic picture frames, pictures, holiday cards and novelties in great va- riety, fancy articles and the exquisite Sou- venir album for which the house is sole agent here. Several expert hands are em- ployed, and picture framing and kinditd work is done to order in the most superior ;,nil ex- peditious manner ; also piano tuning and re- pairing while three courteous and efficient clerks attend to the wants of customers. Pianos and organs are sold either for cash or on easy payments 'by the week or month to suit pat- trons, and the same are also rented at very reasonable rates, liberal and honorable terms prevailing in every instance. F B. Colemail, Druggist and Apothe- cary, Corner Congress and Yanghan streets. Among the best known members of the phar- maceutical profession in Portsmouth can be named F. B. Coleman. who enjoys an excellent reputation for pure and fresh drugs and medi- cines, as well as for accuracy and reliability in preparing physicians' prescriptions. The store was established in 1865 by J. II. Thatcher, who couducted it up to 1877 when he was succeeded by the present proprietor. The store is finely fitted up, and a carefully selected and com- plete stock is always carried, embracing be- sides pure drugs, medicines and chemicals of all kinds, acids, extiacts, and proprietary n me- dics of merit (including several effective prepa- rations put up 1 y Mr. Coleman himself), spirits. alcohol, perlumery. toilet articles, sponges, soaps, chamois, small wares, stationery, "lluy ler's" candies, fine cigars, flavors, mineral wa- ters and kindred specialties: while an efficient and capable assistant is in attendance, and the trade, which is both wholesale and retail, is at once large, prosperous and permanent, extend- ing throughout the city, surrounding country. and the beaches. Mr. Coleman, who is a na- tive of this place, is a practical and expert pharmacist, with many years experience in the exercise of his profession, and stands high in the community both in social and commercial circles. Jolin T. Freneli, Dealer in Doors. Sash. Blinds and Mouldings ; Nos. 17 to 21 Daniel Street. This house was founded in 1860 by the present owner, who is a native of this city, and from the outset it has been prosperous, owing to the uniformly high standard of ex- cellence at which the goods have been main- tained. The building occupied has three floors, each 25x50 feet in dimensions, admirably adapted for the purposes of the business, and supplied with every necessary convenience. The stock is complete, and was personally selected by Mr. French from the most trust- worthy sources of manufacture, and comprises building material which is unrivalled for relia- bility, utility, finish and general excellence by any other establishment handling this class of goods. A large trade is enjoyed, and all orders are met with prompt fulfilment at the most favorable terms. Mr. French is a gentleman who looks well after the interests of his cus- tomers, and has ever preserved an enviable name for strict mercantile integrity. 62 CITY OF PORTSMOUTH. J. W. Y ouiivf. Sole Leather and Cut Stock, Boots and Shoes Made and Repaired, Rubber Repairing a Specialty; also Sole Agent for the celebrated Vienna Pressed Yeast, Rear of City Building. Mr. .1. W. Young, the proprietor of these popular and prosperous enterprises was born in this State in 1838, and has been a resi- dent of the city of Portsmouth for many years. He founded these enterprises in 1879, and now occupies premises in the rear of the City Build- ing, comprising a work-shop and salesroom both of which are of ample dimensions to meet the requirements of his trade. He deals quite extensively in sole leather and cut stock, shoe findings, etc., and in his stock will be found all accessories to the successful making of a boot or shoe of any kind of material. His stock of sole leather is the best to be found in the mar- ket, while all of his upper stock is from the best manufactories, while his line of ladies' and gentlemen's lasts are of the latest and most fashionable designs, and among the findings will be found every tool from a crimping-board or boot-tree down to the most diminutiVe last- ing tack, also forepart, shank and burnishing irons, wax, bristles, thread, etc. The yeast business which was established by him at the same time, although small at the beginning and slow to start, has now, through his great energy and skilful management, become a suc- cess and a leading branch of his business, he having delivered the past year more than $o()00 worth to his customers. It has proved itself so good and reliable an article that it has become indispensable to every hotel, baker and family in this vicinity. He makes a specialty of mak- ing to order fine boots and shoes for ladies and gentlemen in which lie uses none but the very best materials. Repairing of all kinds receives prompt attention, and a particular specialty is made of repairing rubber boots and shoes. Mr. Young served in the United States Navy during the War of the Rebellion, in the United States steamer Kearsarge, and was present at the memorable naval engagement between that vessel and the Rebel gunboat Alabama. Davis Brothers, Portrait and Landscape Photographers, No. 15 Pleasant Street. To Messrs. Davis Brothers belongs the honor of conducting the oldest photographic studio in Portsmouth. It has been in great favor with the population of this city for over thirty years, and its popularity increases with the lapse of years. The studio was founded in 1856, by Mr. Louis G. Davis, who, in the fol- lowing year took into partnership his brother Charles, since which date the style of the con- cern has been Davis Brothers. Both these gen- tlemen are natives of New Hampshire. The premises occupied comprise the second and third floors of the building, which is 25 x 50 feet in dimensions. The reception-room is on the second floor, and is very handsomely fitted up and furnished. The operating-room, lo- cated on the third floor, is equipped with all the latest improved appliances and devices, the processes employed being such as have been approved and adopted by leading photogra- phers throughout the country. The members of the firm devote their attention to every branch of the art, photographs of every de- scription being produced from the carte de vis- ite to life size. Landscape, as well as portrait work, is given immediate attention, to, and the fullest satisfaction is given in respect of all orders. Portraits are enlarged and finished in India ink, crayon, pastel, etc., and the very highest results are guaranteed. The prices are fully as low as can be obtained in any first-class establishment. John II. Wells, Ranges and Kitchen fur- nishings, No. 61 Market Street. This gentle- man is an extensive dealer in stoves, ranges and kitchen furnishings of all kinds. The house over which he presides was founded some forty years ago, and has been under the management of various proprietors, among them Hon. Frank Jones, ex-member of Con- gress from this district, and has been in charge of the present proprietor since 1881. The premises occupied by the business comprise six floors, 20 x 40 feet each, giving ample ac- commodation for the prosecution of an active trade in all branches of the business. The stock is comprehensive, embracing a line of stoves and ranges embodying all the latest im- provements in heating and cooking; lamps and lamp goods, tin-ware of every description, and kitchen furnishings in great variety. These goods are ajl supplied from manufacturers di- rect, and are the best and most desirable in the trade. In tin, sheet>-iron and copper work, this house is thoroughly equipped for rapid, suc- cessful and satisfactory work, and every facil- ity is afforded for the prompt and perfect ful- filment of all orders. The trade is large and influential in city and country, and under en- terprising and progressive management is an- nually increasing in volume and importance. Mr. Wells is a native of Rockingham County, N. H. He and his sons are owners of a large first-class grocery store on the opposite side of the street, where can be found a "large and select stock of fancy and staple groceries, and every- thing found in a first-class grocery store. He has been in the grocery business since 1847. John P. Brason, Manufacturer of Fine Cigars, Nos. 51 and 27 Congress Street. This house is becoming widely known to the trade and smokers generally in the city of Ports- mouth and vicinity. Mr. Brason is a native of Massachusetts, and was formerly in the same line of business on Dexter Street, in Paw- tucket, R. I., but removed to this city and es- tablished this industry at Nos. 51 and 27 Con- gress Street, in September, 1886. His store arid workshop although of not very pretentious proportions are appropriately separated and fitted up with special reference to the business carried on. .He has always made it a special point to use none but the very best qualities of materials, and to employ none but skilful and proficient workmen so that 'he could offer to his customers an article he could conscien- tiously recommend in every respect. That he has succeeded in doing this is well attested by the constantly increasing popularity of his goods and the demand for them wherever he introduced. In addition to his own produc- tion he keeps a fine and carefully selected as- sorthient of cigarettes, chewing and smoking tobaccos of the very best brands, snuffs, pipes and other smokers' materials. His trade is large, both wholesale and retail and his prices are very low. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 63 Chicago Meat Co., Dealers iu Beef, Ham, Veal, Fresh and Salt Pork, Sausages, Poultry and Vegetables; Christopher Smart, Manager, No. 4 Pleasant Street, next to Custom House. A method that has proved satisfactory iu supplying the demand for fresh beef is that adopted by the representative and widely known house of the Chicagb Meat Company, which consists of slaughtering the cattle in Chicago and shipping the dressed beef in re- frigerator cars to all points in the East, where it arrives as sweet and fresh as the day it was killed, with no perceptible loss in weight, and therefore can be sold at a less price to the con- sumer. This house was established August 1, 183(5, at No. 4 Pleasant Street, nqxt door to the Custom House, under the management of Mr. Christopher Smart. The remarkable success that has rewarded the efforts of the Chicago Meat Company is a convincing proof of the wisdom shown in establishing this house. The premises occupied are ot ample dimensions which are fully equipped with all the latest improved refrigerators and cold storage nec- essary for the successful prosecution of the business. Here can be found a full and com- plete stock of the choicest beef, veal, mutton, lamb, pork, fresh and salt pork, hams, poultry, sausages, vegetables and fruit of all kinds in their season, and sold to customers at the most reasonable prices. The store is kept in the neatest and cleanest order, polite and courte- ous assistants attend to the wants of custom- ers, and orders are delivered by wagon at resi- dences throughout the city free of charge. Mr. Smart devotes his entire attention to the business and spares no efforts or pains to meet the wants of his patrons. He is a native of Portsmouth and an active and prominent mem- ber of the Odd Fellows and Knights of Pythias organizations. Woodfoury Seavey, Seeds, Agricultural Implements, Wheels and Wheel Stock, Wooden Ware, Baskets, Brooms, Fertilizers, Ground Plaster, etc., Nos. 62 and 64 Market Street. The house of Mr. Woodbury Seavey, at Nos. 62 and 64 Market Street, from the enterprise and magnitude of its operations, as well as the use- fulness and diversity of its machinery and wares, is entitled to an honorable place on the pages of a work devoted to an impartial review of the commerce and industry of the city of Portsmouth. Mr. Seavey is well and favorably known throughout this community as a dealer in agricultural implements, seeds, wheels and wheel stock, wooden ware, baskets, brooms, fertilizers, ground plaster, etc. The business of this house was founded twenty-two years ago by Messrs. Goodwin and Sweetser, and, after some changes, Mr. Seavey and his son be- came the owners iu 1874, the son retiring in 1880. The premises comprise two floors, 60 x 40 feet each, and the establishment is one of the largest as well as oldest in this Une in the city. The stock of agricultural implements, seeds and tools for sale here comprises the most improved and those best adapted to the use of the farmer and gardener, all of which are fully warranted. They include ploughs, harrows, cultivators, lawn mowers, hoes, forks, shovels, spades, rakes,, and everything neces- sary or useful in or about the farm. The line of wheel stock embraces bent rims, spokes, hubs, etc., and the stock of fertilizers is full and complete, recommending its own merits to the wants of the agriculturist. Mr. Seavey is a native of New Hampshire, an experienced agriculturist, and a practical business man. CITY OF DOVER. THE City of Dover is situated in Rockingham County, on the Cocheco river, and is an import- int station of the Boston and Maine Railroad. Its projectors intended it for a manufacturing jentre, and their intention is being realized in the fullest measure. They builded well and FRANKLIN ACADEMY. wisely. Its birth and growth are peculiar to itself. It was not, as is usual, a place of residence first and of business afterwards ; but, to all practical intents and purposes, it was a business venture, and its excellent manufacturing resources are the palpitating centre around which its 64 CITY OF DOVER. 65 residence portion clusters and revolves. In every essential regard it is a most remarkable mu- nicipal example of true Yankee grit and enterprise. The enormous \vater-po\vei here running to waste early challenged the attention of New England capitalists, who quickly determined that this great waste in the land of steady habits, where the frugalities and economies of life HKLKNAP SCHOOL. were revered an- practiced as cardinal virtues, must not and should not go on. Under the stimulous of a rational and liberal policy, capital, brains and skill have reared a city that is brave, sturdy and commanding in all the material fibres and elements that predicate METHODIST CHURCH. commercial substance and success, and holds a future within its grasp. The amount of capital invested in manufacturing and other business enterprises here is enormous; the energy, practical knowledge and industrial skill exhibited in their management and opera- tion are of the highest order. But great as is the present outcome of the splendid resources 66 CITY OF DOVER. in hand, the development of these is still in its infancy. The growth of the city has beet healthy and substantial, and people who come here come for a purpose and to stay. Every PINE HILL SCHOOL HOUSE. year is addin,., .0 the aggregation of capital that here finds profitable investment, and to the amy of skilled artisans whose deft hands win ample wage. Let no one imagine, however, that the City of Dover is simply the seat of an extensive SCHOOL HOUSE, SAWYER MILLS. water-power and numerous extensive and flourishing manufactories. It is a delightful place in which to live. The city is self-contained, and complete in all those things that make life rational and worth the living. In building up the great and prosperous business interests CITY OF DOVER. G7 that have made it famous, its people have not been oblivious to the significant, moral and social demands created and imposed by New England civilization. It is modern in every essential regard. Its streets mostly intersect at right angles, all its improvements, public and private, are of a substantial and permanent character, and mushroomism is conspicuous by its absence. Brick and stone are the prevailing building materials, and solid and sightly specimens of architecture adorn the principal thoroughfares. The number of beautiful pri- vate residences framed by cultivated lawns is a distinguishing feature, and its manifold signs of prosperity are matched by the countless symbols of intelligence, culture and refinement that rise on every hand. The average intelligence of its people is exceptionally high. The CATHOLIC CHURCH. symbols of education and culture are to be found on every hand and there is no lack of aestheticism ; but, fortunately, its inhabitants are utterly destitute of that overdone dilettante- ism that affects abhorrence of "greasy mechanics." Here lived and died Hon. John P. Hale, one of the greatest statesmen of thirty years ago ; here is the home of the present Governor of the State, who is largely identified with the manufacturing industries of Dover ; and just outside of the city limits reside ex-United States Senator Rollins, and Hon. Mr. Doe, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New Hampshire. 68 CITY OF DOVER. Ever since the town began to make real growth and history its people have been quick to encourage industrial arts and pursuits, and they have their reward in the annually aggre- gating wealth that flows from the manufactories that make the basis of the city's fame and fortune. Rents are moderate, building material cheap, water-power is abundant, the best skilled labor no higher here than elsewhere, while business men and capitalists are always ready and eager to give substantial aid and encouragement to the honest projectors of any and every legitimate enterprise. Time was, and not very long ago, when the general trade of Dover was insignificant enough as compared with its present generous proportions. It is now the natural receiving and distributing station for the immense amount of produce of all kind that is raised in the fertile agricultural country tributary to it. It goes without saying, of course, that the people of Dover have made large and ample provision for the education of their sons and daughters, and the plan here in vogue is of a piece with the system common to the state. The general interests of the public schools are carefully watched and safely guarded, and its instruction challenges the admiration of all. The school houses are ample in size and number, thoroughly modern and convenient in every essential respect, and of beautiful and substantial architecture. Religion and education go hand in hand, and side by side with the means that furnish the one are the organizations for religious work and worship. The same spirit that actuated the early settlers to found a church in their time has moved their descendants and follow- ers, and the establishment and growth of religious organizations have kept fairly in line with the material prosperity of the town. Many of the churches are elegant specimens of church architecture, of which any city in the Union might be proud. The city is well supplied with banking facilities, having three National and three Savings Banks, all well and ably managed, and offering every legitimate accommodation to their patrons. As a place of residence, Dover offers the advantages which only a prosperous growing , city of slow and legitimate growth can give. There is nothing ephemeral or false in the conditions attained. It has not "boomed" into sudden notice or spurious mushroom pros- perity. She has not "jobbed" her way to the enviable position she occupies. By agricul- ture and then by honest and superior labor ministering to the needs of the world in honor- able, pains-taking industry, she has, with the additional aid of commerce, grown naturally into orderly, healthful and ever-increasing prosperity. It is impossible to live in a town and not imbibe something of its spirit. Dover is healthy, bracing and invigorating, and in its influences public -spirited and elevating. There is not the feverish contagion of restless- ness and dissatisfaction that pervades some other cities. Beautiful homes have room, and sway, and individuality, with more or less of the green earth pertaining to them and room for "vine and fig-tree." Historic associations remind of a heroic and earnest past, such as men in the rush of to-day need the bracing influence of. Churches, free* schools and libraries are recognized as necessities, where all meet on common ground. Its climate is good ; its sanitary provisions superior ; its municipal protection efficient. Lighted by gas and electricity, provided with a street railway, and guarded by efficient police protection and a thorough fire department, it also combines cheap taxes and economical living rates to attract new residents. Building lots can be purchased by mechanics at remarkably low rates and on easy terms. The system of water works is excellent, and the water is both pure and abundant. In all those things that ordinarily classify themselves under the head of modern improvements, Dover is fairly abreast with the spirit of the age as represented in New England. The average New Englander of to-day is fond of that which it was not always possible for his ancestors to obtain comfort. His town may be old, but he does not mean that it shall lack any of those appointments and conveniences that predicate progress and the forms and forces of civilized life. Without the possession and enjoyment of these he is not comfortable either in body or soul. The people of Dover have provided them- selves with all these. Busy factories, productive farms, prosperous trade are not enough for them. Schools and churches must be counted in, and the demands of education and religion receive the attention which they deserve as conservators of an intelligent and stable community. The steady increase in population, which was 9,294 in 1870, and reached 11,687 in 1880, is now estimated to be close to 14, coo, with promise ot continued growth and prosperity. CITY OF DOVER. Merrimae Manufacturing Co., Confec- tioners, Manufacturers of Christmas and New Year's Novelties, Wedding Cake Ornaments, etc. ; Japanese Cough Drops a Specialty. Up to a comparatively recent period nearly all the finer grades of confections, candies and kindred toothsome products consumed in the United States, were imported from Europe. Of late years, however, thanks to native genius and progress, very notable and gratifying improve- ment has been effected in American confec- tionery, candy and pastry, which for flavor, pmity and quality are to-day unsurpassed by the best French productions of the kind. A widely and favorably known concern devoted to this interesting branch of industry in this section of the country is that of the Merrimae Manufacturing Co., Dover, N. II., manufactur- ers of confectionery, holiday novelties, wed- ding cake ornaments, Japanese cough drops, etc., and for which G. H. Biddle is agent in this city, and whose products maintain a de- servedly high reputation for general excellence and reliability and as a consequence are in steady and extensive demand. Mr. Biddle, who is a gentleman of thirty-eight and a native of Massachusetts, formerly engaged in the grocery trade for ten years, opened a store here in Dover in 1877 and at once established himself in public favor and prosperity, build- ing up in a short while a large and flourishing patronage. Handling and producing a very superior class of goods, of sterling integrity in his dealings, and being withal a man of push, sagacity and excellent business ability, the result could scarcely have been other than the unequivocal success that has attended the enterprise from the start. The premises oc- cupied for business purposes by the company, confectionery and bakery, are spacious and commodious, and are completely equipped in every respect with the best facilities and most improved appliances and appurtenances, while eight expert hands are employed in the baking department. The store is neatly kept and a. very inviting display is made, and a heavy and A 1 stock is constantly carried, comprising de- licious and wholesome confectionery of every description: caramels, chocolate creams, bon- bons, marsh mallows and toothsome candies of all kinds; plain and ornamental cakes, bread, pies and pastries of every variety ; Japanese cough drops being a specialty. A competent force of courteous and competent clerks attend to the wants of customers in the store, while three teams are in steady service supplying patrons throughout the city and environs, and altogether the trade, which is both wholesale and retail, is exceedingly large, extending over the greater part of the New England States. G. Il.Churlnick, Dealer in Choice Family Groceries, Teas, Coffees, Spices, Flour and Grain, Butter, Cheese, and Country Produce, Ham's Block. Prominent among the grocery establishments in Dover that are noted for selling only pure and superior goods is that of Mr. G. H. Churbuck, located in Ham's Block, on Washington Street. This gentleman has been well and favorably known in the grocery trade of this city for the past twenty years, and established his present store February 9, 1884. His business premises comprise a store and basement, 20 x 60 feet each, and excellent facilities are possessed for conducting the bus- iness in a thoroughly systematic and success- ful manner. The stock is complete, fresh and desirable in every department, and embraces teas, coffees, and spices, flour, grain and country produce, butter, cheese and eggs, sugars, syrups and molasses, canned goods, table sauces and foreign and American delica- cies in great variety; green and dried fruits, baker's bread, fresh milk, early vegetables, and everything appertaining to a first-class grocery and provision store. All goods are purchased direct from manufacturers and pro- ducers, and are highly esteemed by the com- munity for their freshness, purity and low prices. Patrons of this establishment have the satisfaction of knowing that nothing infe- rior or adulterated will be offered them. The trade of the house is large and active, requir- ing the services of five men and three teams, and prompt and careful attention is given to every order. Mr. Churbuck is a native of Massachusetts, and very popular in this city as an enterprising merchant and a reliable business man. 69 CITY OF DOVER. George Dunn, Brewers' Agent and Dealer in Pure California Wines, Lowell's Block, P. O. Box 220. One of the most prominent, active, and substantial business men of this city is Mr. George Dunn, the well-known brewers' agent and dealer in pure California wines. This gen- tleman inaugurated his enterprise here in 1877, and has met constantly increasing success from the outset, building up a large, first-class line of patronage strictly on the merits of his goods and by honorable, straightforward dealing. The commodious premises occupied comprise a store and basement, each 20 x 50 feet in di- mensions, excellently fitted for the purposes of the house, and filled with a very extensive stock of the choicest class of goods in this line. The assortment comprises wines and liquors of every description, including the finest wines of California vintage, imported and domestic brandies, gins, whiskies Irish, Scotch, bour- bon, rye; rums, cordials, bitters, ales, lagers and porters. Mr. Dunn is agent for Frank Jones' celebrated ale, for Dover and vicinity, always keeping a full supply of this favorite beverage on hand. The trade carried on is ex- clusively wholesale and is principally with ho- tels and families. Every facility is possessed for the prompt fulfilment of orders, and two delivery teams are constantly employed in de- livering goods at their destination. A spe- cialty is made of supplying California wines at the lowest prices, and every article sold is guaranteed to be strictly pure and free from adulteration of any kind whatever. The wines and brandies are specially beneficial for inva- lids, or persons with debilitated systems, who need building up. A trial is sufficient to prove their excellence. Mr. Dunn, who is a native of this city, is one of our most esteemed citizens, and progressive merchants. He has ever taken an active part in promoting the best interests of the community, and his reputation as a mer- chant and business man has long since been established beyond the requirements of praise. Lothrop, Fariihain & Co., Clothiers, Hatters and Furnishers, No. 476 Central Ave- nue. The Messrs. Lothrop, who founded the business here many years ago, have long been prominent in every good work for the advance- ment of the business interests of the city, and justly deserve the esteem in which they are held in the community and the success which they have achieved. The present firm was or- ganized in 1882, and the house is a recognized leader in its line of trade, holding a command- ing position among the mercantile institutions of the State. As clothiers, hatters and fur- nishers, this firm are supplied with every fa- cility for catering to the tastes and ministering to the wants of the public with the most emi- nent success and satisfaction. The store is spacious, attractive and commodious, and one of the largest and finest business houses in the city. The firm devotes special attention to the sale of fine clothing for men, youth, boys and children, each grade being made in the latest style and of the best material, selected with care and judgment. The assortment of hats embraces the latest and most seasonable styles, and the line of furnishings includes all the novelties in neckwear, underwear, shirts, hosiery, gloves,handkerchiefs, collars and cuffs, and other fittings for all seasons. Five clerks and salesmen give prompt and careful atten- tion to the demands of customers, and the trade is brisk and lively at all times. The members of this firm are Messrs. James E. Lothrop, Daniel Lothrop, Jr., John C. Lothrop, Charles H. Farnham and John J. Hausen. Daniel Lothrop, Jr. resides in Boston, and is widely known under the name of D. Lothrop & Co. as book publishers. The other mem- bers are prominent citizens of Dover. Mr. James E. Lothrop is president of the Cocheco National Bank, and Mr. John J. Hausen is president of the Dover National Bank. Mr. Charles H. Farnham is a young man that has been connected with Messrs. Lothrop as sales- man and manager for the past thirteen years, forming the present firm by entering together with Mr. Hauseu in 1882, the firm up to that time being known as D. Lothrop & Co. Al- though the business done previous to 1882 was the largest of any in the city, it was as nothing when compared with the present firm's busi- ness. The entire management of the firm's affairs is given into the hands of Mr. Farnham, who is a man full of energy and push. Since his entrance into the firm he has remodelled the entire store, putting in an elegant front besides building on extensions at three differ- ent times. During this time he has started a branch house at Cocheco Block, Rochester. X. H., being the only American clothing house in the town; and in the face of extremely hard competition he has, with the utmost energy, pushed his firm to the leading place among the merchants of that time. He is as active in promoting the interest and commerce of Eoch- ester as of Dover. Mr. J. E. Lothrop and Mr. Hausen have been quite prominent in forming the Dover Improvement Association, a com- pany that has been the means of bringing a large number of manufacturing interests into this city. A. E. Parker, Fancy Goods, Kid Gloves, Corsets, Hosiery, Fringes, Buttons and Laces. No. 37G Central Avenue. This store was es- tablished by E. C. and W. N. Andrews about forty years ago, who were succeeded in ]S~<> by the present proprietor. Handling a very superior line of goods, of strict probity in his dealings, and devoting untiring attention to the wants of his customers, it is only in the nature of things that Mr. Parker should se- cure the firm and flattering hold on popular favor he has from the first deservedly enjoyrd. The store, which is 20 x 65 feet in dimensions. is neatly fitted up and a large and admirably selected stock is always carried on hand, in- cluding elegant trimmings, beautiful laces and embroideries, exquisite kid gloves, novelties in neckwear, making a specialty of kid gloves, corsets, hosiery, ladies' underwear, fringes, but- tons and fancy goods in great variety; while four polite and competent clerks and salesla- dies attend to the wants of purchasers, no pains being spared in this flourishing establishment to render the fullest satisfaction in every in- stance to patrons. Mr. Parker, who is a gentle- man in the prime of life .and a native of Wolfborough, N. H., is well and favorably known in the community alike as a business man and citizen. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 71 William A. Morrill, Window Shades and Fixtures, Carpetings, Crockery and Glass Ware, Plated Ware and Fancy Goods, No. 1 Cocheeo Block. This reputable house was founded in 1847 by Mr. Abel C. Smith, the present proprietor being a clerk in the estab- lishment, and he and his brother succeeded to the sole control in 1859 (his brother retiring in 1871). The premises occupied by the business comprise three floors and a basement, 30 x 60 feet each, divided into appropriate depart- ments, and each well managed and completely stocked with new and desirable goods. The stock is comprehensive and diversified, em- bracing in carpets a splendid assortment of body Brussels, tapestry, ingrains and other styles, including the latest designs and patterns in both foreign and domestic production, and presenting a brilliant display of the possibilities of production. The lines of crockery and glassware are complete, and every effort has been made to improve the quality and enhance the value of the stock in every essential par- ticular. All goods are selected with taste and judgment, and are offered at prices that com- mand the attention of the closest and most judicious buyers. The connections of the pro- prietor with manufacturers and importers en- able him to secure the freshest and choicest nov- elties so soon as they are ready for the market, and his enterprise in this direction is duly ap- preciated by the public who give him a gener- ous and liberal patronage. Mr. Merrill is a native of Massachusetts, and a resident of Dover since 1834. Pattee Brothers, General House Fur- nishers and Dealers in Carpets, Stoves, Cur- tains, Bedding, etc., No. 378 Central Avenue. This large establishment has become the fa- vorite headquarters, for general house furnish- ing goods, including furniture, carpets, stoves, curtains, bedding, etc., and although opened to the public as recently as December, 1886, it has taken rank as the foremost concern of the kind in this city and county. The premises occu- pied for trade purposes comprise six floors, 40 x 80 feet each, the whole being arranged in the best manner for the rapid and economical handling of goods. A large stock is carried in each department, embracing black walnut suits, plush parlor suits, ash chamber suits, fancy lounges, hair-cloth parlor sets, fancy spring rockers, fancy student chairs, black walnut side-boards, writing desks, and other furniture for the parlor, chamber, dining-room, hall, li- brary, office and kitchen, ranging in quality from the plainest to the most elaborate and costly, and including many beautiful specimens of mechanical skill and excellence. The sup- ply is of the most complete and comprehensive character, and well calculated to meet the re- quirements of every taste and fancy. In the carpet department 'a line display is made, the goods representing the products of the most noted American and European manufacturers, and including all the latest novelties and most exquisite designs it is possible to obtain. The prices are placed at the lowest point, and a specialty is made of the popular instalment plan, by which on making easy weekly or monthly payments, the choicest goods are se- cured by those of limited means. The propri- etors, Messi's. W. K. and J. D. Pattee, are na- tives of New Hampshire, and young men of energy, enterprise and business ability. Dover National Bank. The Dover Na- tional Bank, which since its inception some twenty-three years ago has maintained an un- broken record of prosperity, growing in public favor and confidence steadily year by year from the first, now stands by common con- sent among the most stable and reliable financial institutions in the county, while its connections are of a most substantial and grat- ifying character. The Dover National was duly incorporated in 1865, and was reorganized in 1885, with capital stock of 100,000, and from the first its history has been marked by steady progress, judicious management and unswerving integrity, as its snug surplus of $31,000 amply attests. A general banking bus- iness is transacted; fiscal paper of all kinds, bonds, securities, etc. being negotiated ; ex- change bought and sold ; drafts issued on Great Britain and Ireland, and collections made on all points throughout the United States ; while notes are discounted and deposits re- ceived; in short, everything that properly per- tains to banking and firfance is attended to, and altogether a large and flourishing business is done. The officers of the bank are Oliver Wyatt, president; Eli V. Brewster, vice-pres- ident; and Isaac F. Abbott, cashier ; and the board of directors are as follows: Messrs. Ol- iver Wyatt. Eli V. Brewster, John J. Hausen, Joshua G. Hall, Henry A. Worthen, Richard N. Ross and Moses D. Page. They are all gentle- men of standing in the community, prominent in business, social and public life, and are among Dover's solid and foremost citizens.-. J. Frank Seayey & Co., One Price Men's Boys' and Children's Clothiers and Fur- nishers, No. 456 Central Avenue, corner of Sec- ond Street. This concern dates its inception back to May 10, 1886, and has been successful from the outset. The premises comprise a spacious store, 25 x 70 feet in dimensions. The stock carried is at all times kept full and complete in all the departments, the firm hav- ing a thorough knowledge of the wants of the trade and how to satisfactorily meet all de- mands made upon their resources. The assort- ment includes ready-made clothing for men, boys and children, made of the best materials in all the newest styles, and unsurpassed for excel- lent cut, finish, quality, and workmanship. A superior display is also made in gentlemen's furnishings, rubber goods, umbrellas, etc., all of the choicest grades. The one price system is rigidly adhered to, and that price is always placed at the lowest margin of profit, so that the best value for the least outlay is always ob- tainable here. The members of the 'firm, Messrs. J. Frank Seavey and A. F. Seavey are natives of Rochester, N. H., and have long re- sided in this city. Mr. J. F. Seav.ey served for two years as a representative to the State Leg- islature, and later on as state senator for two terms. Mr. A. F. Seavey has been a member of the city council, and also served for two terms as a representative to the Legislature of this State. Both gentlemen are noted for their abil- ity, and they command the fullest confidence, respect and esteem of their large social and business acquaintance. 72 cirr OF DOVER. Killoren Brothers, Dealers in Groceries and Provisions. Law's Block, No. 304 Central Avenue. As an essential industry the grocery trade stands in the front rank of our national enterprises, and in its operations employs the investment of large capital and the talents of many of our most enterprising business men. One of the most popular houses in this line of trade in Dover is that of Killoren Brothers, located at No. 304 Central Avenue. This firm are extensive dealers in groceries and pro- visions of all kinds, and have been established in the business here since 1873. The store is spacious in size, admirably arranged, and always well stocked with goods which are offered to customers at prices only obtainable from such houses as are enabled, by reason of extensive sales, to procure supplies in round lots from first hands. The- stock includes the finest teas, the purest coffees and spices, the best brands of family flour, canned goods in great variety, sugars, syrups and molasses, butter, cheese and eggs, preserves, pickles, sauces, condiments and table delicacies of the best character, and everything that pertains to the staple and fancy grocery trade. The equitable manner in which the business is con- ducted, as well as the admirable quality and uniform reliability of the stock, serves to com- mend this house to the favor and patronage of all. Five clerks and salesmen and two delivery teams are required to meet the demands of the large and growing trade, and every facility is at hand for the prompt and perfect fulfil- ment of all orders. Mr. M. Killoren, the sole surviving proprietor, is one of the best known business men of this city, being actively en- gaged also in the dry goods trade here, has served the city as alderman, and is highly es- teemed in all the relations of life. C. W. Smith, Wall Papers, Books, Station- ery and Picture Framing, Bracewell Block. So popular a source of supply has this house become for the necessities and luxuries of life that all Dover may with a little exaggeration be said to pass through it in a day. It is head quarters for books and stationery, pictures and picture frames, wall papers, toys, albums, and holiday goods of the most desirable kind. The lovers of literature and art make it their chief rendezvous, and it is a popular shopping place for the ladies as well as for the student and the young. The store is spacious, attractive and commodious, finely stocked in every depart- ment with the new and the beautiful, the unique and the useful, and one never tires of inspecting the novel features exhibited in gifts and rare art treasures. Here are all the works of standard authors in fine bindings or cheap, as you may desire; fine stationery of every kind, pictures and picture frames of artistic merit and novelty; wall paper of the latest designs and patterns at bottom prices. For toys, o-ames and holiday goods, commend us to Smith's. There are French toys, German toys, Yankee toys, and toys for girls and toys for boys, in immense assortment. There are pict- ure books and games, bric-a-brac of every de- j scription, ornaments, articles of vertu, ivory and leather goods, fans, pocket-books, brass igoods, sporting goods, cutlery, and an admira- ble collection of novelties of every description; artists' material of all kinds, oil, water, pastels, crayon-colors and artists' supplies of every , kind. Mr. Smith is known as one of the enter- prising and progressive merchants of this city, and an important factor in building up the name and fame of Dover. W. M. Courser, Groceries and Fresh Meats, No. 116 Washington Street. Of the mer- chants in Dover in this line of trade none are more equal to the demand made upon them than is Mr. W. M. Courser. He has been established in business here since 18(37, and has built up a reputation and a trade that places him in the front rank of enterprise and success. He. occupies a fine large store, and deals extensively in groceries, flour, provis- ions and fresh meats. His stock comprises all the articles named, in infinite variety, such as fine Japan and Oolong teas, old Government Java coffee, pure cream tartar, saleratus and spices of all kinds, broma, cocoa, choco- late, mustard, sage, extracts, essences, oils, bread preparation, mace, preserved citron, soaps of all kinds, caddy, pail and table lard, crackers by the barrel and half barrel, fresh and salt meats, fresh vegetables, green and dried fruits, confectionery and cigars, and everything that can be looked for in a first- class grocery store. Choice brands of Ohio, Michigan and St. Louis flour are kept con- stantly in stock. Mr. Courser is a native of Warner, N. H., and recognized as one of its leading merchants and representative busi- ness men. B. Frank Xealley, Dry Goods, No. 2 Bracewell Building, No. 432 Central Avenue. This gentleman is an extensive dealer in foreign and domestic dry goods, cloakings, gloves, hosiery and small wares, and has been estab- lished in the business here since 1865. His store is very spacious and attractive, and has long been a popular source of supply for bar- gains in dry goods. In the dress goods de- partment he is showing a full line of black and colored silks, satins, rhadamaux, otto- mans, velvets, plushes, velveteens, cashmeres, camel's hair cloth, dress flannels and fancy dress goods, that are marked down to close, while all the new fabrics and shades are added as soon as they appear in the market. The line of house furnishing goods is complete and prices low, including table linens, towels, nap- kins, muslins, country blankets, yarns and flannels, at lower prices than ever. A fine as- sortment is shown of new hosiery for ladies and children, plain, striped and fancy, from cheap domestic to finest French goods; mous- quetaire, hook and button kid gloves in opera, black and colors; cashmere and silk gloves in all the new shades; fine quality lave mitts; gauze undervests, underwear in scarlet and white for ladies, misses and infants; corsets, bustles and hoop-skirts; and all the latest nov- elties in trimmings, fancy goods and small wears. The cloak department is filled with choice selections of new and novel shapes, of all the different makes in material, in plush, silk and cloth, paletots, Russian circulars, dolmans, stockinet jackets, etc. The trade is large and active, requiring the assistance of four clerks, and the house is universally pop- ular in the community. Mr. Nealley is a na- tive of Maine. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 73 William II. Vickery, Apothecary, Xo. 362 Central Avenue. The peculiar responsi- bility that attaches to the compounding and dispensing of prescriptions and kindred func- tions imparts to the calling of the druggist an interest and importance somewhat unique in this respect among the arts and sciences ; and therefore it is that accuracy and vigilance be- come elements closely akin to knowledge and skill in the laboratory. In this connection special mention should be made in this review of William II. Vickery, apothecary, this city, whose neat and well-known pharmacy is lo- cated at Xo. i)G2 Central Avenue, and who for nearly a quarter of a century has sustained an excellent reputation for reliability in preparing physicians' prescriptions, as well as ability in the general exercise of his profession; while he receives as a consequence an extensive and influential patronage. This well-ordered and tastefully appointed drug store was established in 18G4, and from its inception to the present day has steadily grown in public favor and confidence, well deserved, being in all respects one of the leading and best equipped establish- ments of the kind in the city or county. The store, which is 20x50 feet in dimensions, is handsomely fitted up and admirably kept an elegant soda fountain, beautiful show cases and attractive appointments rendering a very inviting display, while a large and carefully selected stock is constantly carried, embracing pure and fresh drugs, medicines and chem- icals, extracts, acids and proprietary remedies of merit, including the following specialties prepared by Mr. Yickery himself : Puttner's emulsion, corn solvent, sarsaparilla, lemon and vanilla flavoring extracts, healing lotions, tooth-powder, and beef, iron and wine and Xew England cough balsam. The stock also com- prises a full and fine line of druggists' sundries, surgical instruments, trusses and .supporters; also agent for Johnson's adaptable porous felt splints, soaps, sponges, chamois, medicated pa- per, sanitary preparations, toilet articles, per f umery, mineral waters, candies, confectionery, cigars, small wares, stationery, leather novelties in great variety and a multifarious assortment of holiday goods and fancy articles ; three ca- pable and efficient assistants likewise being in ;:t tendance, and altogether an exceedingly large and flourishing trade is done. Mr. Vick- ery. who is a native of this place and one of Dover's staunchest and most respected citizens, is a gentleman of middle age, of courteous manner and the highest personal integrity, as well as one of the foremost members of the pharmaceutical profession in Strafford County, and is a member of the school committee. Grime' Cream Bread, Cake and Pastry, Xo. 34G Central Avenue. At this establish- ment can always be found a large and choice assortment of cream bread, cake, pastry, con- fectionery, and kindred toothsome products ; also a full line of teas, coffees, delicacies, canned goods and general family groceries. This store was established in 1872 by the gen- tleman whose name stands at the head of the sketch, and from the inception of the enter- prise Mr. Grimes has enjoyed a large measure of merited recognition. Handling and produc- ing a first-class line of goods, and being a man of energy, enterprise and skill, the result could scarcely have been other than the unequivocal success that has attended his efforts from the start. The store is tastefully fitted up and compact (the bake-shop being located on Washington Street), and a large and A 1 stock is constantly carried, comprising palatable and excellent cream bread, wholesome and deli- cious cake, pies and pastry of all kinds, tooth- some and pure confections, candies, caramels, chocolate creams, bonbons, etc.; also choice teas and coffees, spices, condiments, table lux- uries, sauces, preserves and canned goods in great variety, prime dairy butter, lard, eggs, best quality family flour, oatmeal, corn and rye meal, rice, sugars, molasses, syrups, household specialties, soda, starch, soap and shelf goods; brown bread and beans, also, being supplied every Sunday morning. Several clerks attend to the wants of customers in the store, besides half a dozen or more hands employed in the baking department. O. F. Kimball, Manufacturer of, and Dealer in, Ladies' Furnishing Goods, Cor- sets, Hoop-skirts, Bustles, Dress Trimmings, Ladies' and Children's Cotton Underwear, Aprons, and Infants' Eobes; Print Wrap- pers a Speciality; No. 422 Central Avenue. In this review of the industrial, commercial and general business interests of Dover and environs a prominent place should be accorded the excellent raid noteworthy establishment of O. F. Kimball, manufacturer of, and dealer in, ladies' furnishing goods, corsets, undei-gar- ments, bustles and kindred articles of female wear, eligibly located at No. 422 Central Avenue, which becomes the centre of interest to the feminine portion of this community, by reason of its being the only concern in town devoted to the production of wrappers, hoop- skirts and specialties in underwear, as well as one of the finest and best ordered fancy goods and dress trimmings stores here; while pur- chasers and patrons can always rely upon get- ting a very superior article, upright dealing and satisfactory attention in this well-known and deservedly popular emporium. This flourishing enterprise was started in 1871 by O. W. Farrar, who conducted it up to 188(>. when he was succeeded Ly the present proprie- tor, who has since ( ontinued the business with unbroken success, the patronage of the house now being large and prosperous. Making and handling a first-class line of f.'oods and devot- ing untiring' attention to the wants of custom- ers, and being withal a young man of push, en- terprise, and thorough business qualities the result could hardly have leen other than the large measure of merited prosperity that from the first has attended Mr. Kimball's well-di- rected efforts. The store, which is 20 x 75 feet in dimensions, is neatly fitted up and well ordered and an 'extensive and excellent stock is constantly carried, including dress trim- mings in great variety, corsets and undergar- ments of every description, infants' wardrobes, embracing complete outfits in every style, con- stantly on hand or made to order'. Novelties in neckwear, gloves, hosiery, notions and small wears, hoop-skirts and bustles, aprons, chil- dren's waists and infants' robes, wrappers and ladies' furnishing goods of all kinds, print wrappers being a specialty, while a competent force of polite and competent clerks are in at- tendance, besides fifteen or more expert oper- ators employed in the busy season. 74 CITY OF DOVER. Win. Stcru ifc Co., Dry Goods, No. 386 Central Avenue. There is not probably among the various and multifarious mercantile con- cerns that contribute to the sum of trade and commerce in any town or city one to which more interest or importance attaches than the well-ordered general dry goods and ladies' wear emporium; and therefore it is that the excellent and deservedly popular corner store of William Sterns & Co., dealers in fine foreign and domestic dry goods, cloaks, trim- mings, notions and small wears, No. 386 Central Avenue. Dover, becomes the centre of attrac- tion to the female portion of this community, there being here always displayed an exceed- ingly line assortment of everything compre- hended in dry and fancy goods at the low- est prices consistent with first-class value and honorable dealing; while patrons can at all times rely upon getting a very superior article, prompt and polite attention and satisfactory treatment in this well and favorably known establishment, whose history, since its incep- tion some thirty-two years ago, marks a record of steady and substantial progress, and which fully sustains its hold on public favor and con- fidence. The neat and flourishing store was established in 1855 by the firm of Sterns & Myers, who conducted it up to 1864, when the style changed to William Sterns who was succeeded in 1883, by William Sterns & Co., the " Co." being his son-in-law, Moses Fry, and as such the business has since been con- tinued with uninterrupted success. They oc- cupy a finely appointed and tastefully arranged 20 x 80 foot store, and a 20 x 40 second floor and annex 40 x 40, and carry constantly on hand an extensive and Al stock, embracing elegant dress fabrics and trimmings in great variety, silks, satins, and velvets, fine shawls, cloaks and wraps, gloves, notions and hosiery, laces and embroideries, fancy goods, small wares, corsets, and undergarments of all kinds, para- sols, fans, ornaments and ladies' furnishings of every description, ready-made garments being a specialty. Half a dozen or so courteous and competent assistants attend to the wants of customers, no pains being spared to render the utmost satisfaction in every instance to pur- chasers, and altogether a large and flourish- ing patronage is received. The copartnership consists of Messrs. William Sterns and Moses Fry. natives respectively of Germany and New York, but old and highly regarded residents of i).>\vr. prominent and respected in the com- munity alike as merchants and citizens. This firm is the oldest dry goods concern in this section of the State, and has outlived in its :2 years of successful business, all its com- petitors, and stands pi'e-eminently the first and most popular store of its line in this community and is the acknowledged leader in styles and regulators of low prices. A. W. Hayes, Watchmaker and Jeweller, No. 6 Brace well Block. Mr. Hayes became the proprietor of this house May 1, 1884, as the successor to Mr. Charles S. Kingman, and, be- ing a practical watchmaker and jeweller and knowing thoroughly all the wants and require- ments of the trade, he quickly built up a good patronage. His salesroom is spacious and at- tractive, and well stocked with new, beautiful and valuable goods. The stock embraces a choice selection of foreign and American watches, French and American clocks, bronzes, jewellery, diamonds, silverware and optical goods, all of which are noted for beauty of design and excellence of workmanship. The assortments are complete in every respect, re- ceived from manufacturers and importers of the highest repute, and are offered to custom- ers at prices which are low and attractive. The workshop in the rear of the store is fitted up with every appliance and facility for rapid, systematic and successful work, and repairing of all kinds is promptly and neatly executed. The trade of the house is drawn from the best classes of this city and surrounding country, and special attention is given to securing nov- elties of the greatest artistic value for wedding and holiday gifts. No pains or expense are spared to improve the quality and elihnnce the value of the stock in all departments. Mr. Hayes is a native of New Hampshire. J. W. Foss & Co., Musical Instruments, Strings, New and Second-hand Furniture, etc. American Hall Building, Franklin Square. This establishment was founded twenty-two years ago by G. W. Wendell, who was suc- ceeded in 1882 by the present management. The copartners, Messrs. James W. and John W. Foss, are natives of this State, and are thoroughgoing, progressive merchants of rare business tact and executive ability. The store is 20 x 70 feet in extent, and contains a variety of articles, including new and second-hand goods of all kinds, comprising furniture, bed- ding, stoves, picture moulding, frames, glass, musical instruments, strings, and a vast mis- cellany of articles too numerous for mention here. No misrepresentation is allowed in making sales, and all goods purchased here can be depended upon to be exactly as slated. the house having a high reputation which it is determined to maintain. Andrew S. If all, Manufacturer of Loom Harness and Heeds, No. 56 Fourth Street. This business was originally inaugurated in 18-42 by Mr. Winslow Hall, father of the present propri- etor, and was continued by him until December 12, 1882, when he died and was succeeded by his son, Mr. Andrew S. Hall, in 1884.* The house bears a reputation of the highest charac- ter for the superiority of its productions, has long been an acknowledged leader in its line, and has developed a first-class permanent trade which derives its tributary area from all parts of New Hampshire. Massachusetts, and Maine, and is each year steadily growing in volume. The premises, 30 x 50 feet in dimen- sions, are thoroughly equipped and employ- ment is afforded ten assistants. The loom harnesses and reeds manufactured here have no superiors in this or any other country, and are made in the most thorough, reliable man- ner, of the best materials, and are regarded as standard everywhere. Every facility is pos- sessed for the meeting of all the demands of the trade, and orders are promptly filled at the most favorable rates. Mr. Hall, who is a native of this city, is thoroughly expe- rienced, in every department of his vocation. and carefully superintends all the operations of his workmen, thus securing the most grati- fying resxilts. LEAUIXG MAXUFACTl'BERS AND MEHCIIAST.S. I>over Fivfe Cents Sa\ imr* Bank, Xo. :;SL' Central Ave. In this connection special attention ought to be directed in this review of the industrial, commercial and general business interests of Xew Hampshire to the noteworthy and flourishing Dover Five Cents Savings Bank, of this city, and which since its organization in 1650 has steadily increased in public favor and confidence, while the very substantial sum of nearly 200,001) now on deposit amply attests the fact that it supplies a want in the community very largely appre- ciated. The Dover Five Cents .Savings Bank is. the first institution of the kind that has ever been established in Xew Hampshire. In its organization, it has been the design to be guided by the plans and experience of all other banks, selecting all in them good and avoiding all that was thought erroneous; and thus, to make it a model institution, fully and perfectly adapted to the interests .and wants of our community. It will receive on deposit any sum not less than five cents, so that chil- dren and those of small means may have a safe deposit for the little savings they may make, where they will draw interest and accumulate against the time of entering into business, marriage, sickness, want, or the in- firmities of age. " Twenty-five cents a week laid by and paid in as they amount to one dollar, and continued for ten years, may pro- duce as follows: In one year to S18.18; in two years s_!7.o:); mi three years S41.53 ; in four years s->d.s4; in five years 72.90; in ten years $lGU.on." All of the increase is for the benefit of the depositor. The officers and trustees of the bank are all gentlemen of the highest personal integrity, as well as men of sound judgment, experience and thorough business ability. They are as follows: president, John J. Hanson; vice-president. Eli V. Brew- ster: secretary and treasurer. Isaac F.Abbott; trustees, Eli V. Brewster, William A. Merrill. Ephraim H. Whitehouse, "William II. Vickery, John J. Hanson, Isaac F. Abbott, Edmund M. Swan, Henry A. Wortheu, James F. Seavey, Dennis Cash and Solomon H. Foye. Dover Beef Co., Commission Dealers in George II. Hammond's Western Dressed Beef, Lard. Sausages. Hams, etc., Second Street. In issi two separate houses were established in Dover for dealing at wholesale in dressed beef . One of these was founded by Geo. H. Hammond & Co., for the sale of Western dressed beef, and the other by Sawyer. Hollis iV <'<>., for the sale of Eastern dressed beef. In ]:; Messrs. J. H. Wheeler & Co. bought the business of Sawyer, Hollis & Co., and in the following year the two houses amal- gamated under the title of the Dover Beef Company. The proprietors are Messrs. George H. Hammond A Co., of Detroit, Mich., S. E. Hyde. J. H. Wheeler of Boston, Mass., and J. IL Wheeler, of Xew York. The premises comprise a one story building 28 x 100 feet in dimensions, and tins contains a refrigerator, measuring 40 x 20 feet. The business is of a commission character and entirely whole- sale, and the stock of dressed beef, mutton, lamb and pork kept constantly on hand is the choicest and finest in the city. The stock also includes salt provisions, fresh pork ribs, sausages, tripe, lard, salt, etc. The fresh meats are received direct from the slaughter houses of Messrs. George II . Hammond & Co., located in Hammond, Indiana, and South Omaha. Xeb., and provisions from Hammond, Standish & Co., Detroit, Mich. The trade of the house extends over all parts of the states of Xew Hampshire and Maine, and the volume of business transacted is of great magnitude. The business is under the management of Mr. "\\ . E. Pierce, who is a native of Great Fall. Five hands and two delivery wagons are employed in filling orders and the estab- lishment is the largest and most popular in its line in this section of the State. Oeorge W. Hayes, Harness and Horse Goods, Trunks, etc., Franklin Square. To be engaged in carrying on business in any special line of trade for the space of fifty years, is an experience that is given to but very few to enjoy. Yet such experience has fallen to Mr. George W. Hayes. Mr. Hayes was born in Barnstead, X. H., and though now past three- score and ten, being in his seventy-ninth yea?, is still an active business man, enterprising, and keeping fully abreast of the times, as his younger contemporaries are well aware of. He has lived in Dover the greater portion of his busy life, and founded his business here on January 15, 1888, a half century ago, lacking a few months. He is a practical harness maker, and was the first person to sell woollen horse blankets and robes of every kind in this city. He is, of course, a master of every branch of his vocation, and all harness made*, or goods sold by him. can be regarded as reliable in every respect. His salesroom con- tains a full stock of riding saddles and bridles, heavy and light harnesses, whips of all kinds. also horse blankets, carriage robes, linen horse povers, fly blankets, collars, and horse cloth- ing of every description. He likewise deals in trunks, bags and valises, the assortment being of a very superior character. jfleserve. Agent English, French and American Millinery Goods, Xo. 880 Central Av- enue. This is in all respects a model establish- ment of the kind and where can always be found an exceedingly fine assortment of the latest Parisian, London and Xew York novel- ties in millinery, hair goods, toilet articles and fancy small wares: while patrons may at all times rely upon getting correct styles, first-class goods and satisfactory treatment. This busi- ness was established about fourteen years a^o. and his trade from the start until now has been of a most substantial and gratifying character. The store is 20 x 75 feet in di- mensions, the stock carried embracing ex iMiisite bonnets and hats in the newest designs and most fashionable patterns, both trimmed and untrimmed, beautiful trimmings, feathers, flowers, silk ribbons, plushes, velvets, satins, beads and French. English and American mil- linery goods of all kinds; also a full and fine line of hair goods, wigs, curls, puffs, bangs and ,;,(ft'nr<'x in every shade, style and variety, toilet articles, perfumery, small wares, fancy goods and novelties in head and neckwear. Bonnets and hats are trimmed and altered, and hail- work executed in the most satisfactory man- ner. Mr. Meserve is a native of Dover, and a gentleman of pleasing manners. 7G CITY OF DOVER. Sawyer IVoollea Mills, Charles II. Sawyer, President, Jonathan Sawyer, Treas- urer. The manufacture of woollen fabrics is one of the eailiest, and at the present time one of the most prosperous of American industries. For many years, British woollen goods were considered unrivalled in the American market, but to-day, through the enterprise, skill and re- sources of our manufacturers, domestic fabrics are turned out which are quite equal to the iinest goods made abroad. In connection with these statements, special reference is made to the old established and famous Sawyer Woollen Mills, of Dover, X. H. These mills were founded in 1332, and the business was duly in- corporated under the laws of New Hampshire in 1373. The following gentlemen, who are widely known and highly esteemed in financial and manufacturing circles for their executive ability, sound business principles and integrity, are the officers, viz. : Chas. H. Sawyer, presi- dent; Jonathan Sawyer, treasurer; F. A. & J. Sawyer, selling agents; C. H. Sawyer, agent in charge; T. M. Clark, superintendent; C. H. I^oss, paymaster. The mills are extensive, and are admirably equipped with all the latest im- proved machinery, apparatus and appliances necessary for the systematic and successful pros- ecution of the business. Four hundred and fifty operatives are employed and the machinery is driven by steam and water power combined. The company manufactures annually 1,360,000 yards of woollen goods of various descriptions, and consumes 2,400,000 pounds of first-class wool. The woollen fabrics of this responsible company are unrivalled for quality, durability, linish and general excellence by those of any other first-class house in the United States or Europe, while the prices quoted for them are extremely moderate. The trade of the com- pany extends throughout all sections of the United States, these woollen fabrics being everywhere recognized and appreciated by the trade and public, as standard productions. The Sawyers, who are the principal stock- owners of this popular corporation, are the descendants of a celebrated old New England family, whose members have ever been noted for their public spirit and patriotism. The present governor of Xew Hampshire is the Honorable C. H.. Sawyer. The prosperity of this company presents a forcible illustration of the material benefits arising from a federal policy, affording protection to American in- dustries, resulting in the development of the nation's wonderful resources, and in the crea- tion of such corporations as this one, thereby rendering the United States forever indepen- dent of foreign manufacturers, and benefiting our working population in every possible way. C. H. Trickey & Co., Coal and Wood, Of- fice, First Street. This firm are widely known as extensive dealers in coal and wood, and have been engaged in the business here since 1872. The house has acquired a wide reputation for honorable and liberal dealing, is entirely reliable and responsible, and all its transactions are marked with a careful regard for the interests of patrons and the maintenance of its prestige in the trade. The coal handled is noted for its uniform good quality, every bushel disposed of being guaranteed as coming up to the highest standard of excellence. The firm deal in both anthracite and bituminous coals, in- cluding the English cannel, and their house has long been headquarters for the best products of the coal mines of this country. The trade is exclusively at retail, and the heavy demands upon the resources of the establishment necessitate the carrying of an immense stock to the end fhat no delay may be experienced in the filling of orders. The coal yards have a storage capacity of four thousand tons, and the trade in wood is also conducted upon a large scale. From fifteen to twenty-five men and some sixteen horses are required in the business, which is large and active at all seasons. Mr. Trickey is a native of Xew Hampshire, thoroughly identified with the commercial growth and prosperity of this com- munity. He is also largely engaged in the purchase of timber, or standing growth, pur- chasing either the land and timber, or the timber alone, which is put on the market at figures very advantageous to buyers. This gentleman and his ancestors have for upward of fifty years attended to all the hauling of the Cocheco Manufacturing Co. and print works, and also attends to all heavy transportation of goods of every kind for manufacturers or mer- chants. Rich & Higgiiis, Dealers in Fish, Meat, Poultry and Vegetables, Fresh, Pickled, Smoked, Salt, Dry and Shell Fish; also Pickles. Canned Goods, and Fresh Fruits in their sea- sous; under Belknap Church, Xo. 324 Central Avenue. The trade in meats, fish and poul- try is one of great importance in the city of i Dover, and a leading headquarters in this line is that establishment so long and so success- fully conducted by Messrs. Rich & Higgins, under the Belknap Church, on Central Avenue. This reliable and popular house was founded some twenty years ago, by Mr. Bart. Rich, the present style of firm being adopted in L885. The store and market is one of the finest and ! best appointed in this city, provided with | every improvement for the perfect preservation of perishable articles for an indefinite period, and spacious in size, well stocked and ably managed. The house deals extensively iii fish, meats, poultry and vegetables of ;ill kinds, and the stock comprises fresh, pickled, smoked, salt, dry and shell fish ; fresh salt, smoked and corned meats ; fine poultry and game; fresh vegetables in their season; pickles, preserves, sauces and canned goods in great variety, and fresh fruits from the producer and grower. The management is in possession of the best possible facilities for procuring supplies from the most reputa- ble sources, which enable it to offer to cus- tomers fresh and first-class goods at prices which preclude successful competition. Only the best stock is handled, and the greatest. ' skill and experience is brought to bear in selecting the requisite goods to supply the ; large and first-class trade. Prices are placed ! at the lowest figure consistent with the quality j of the goods, and goods are promptly delivered. Mr. John R. Higgins, the sole surviving pro- prietor, is a native of Massachusetts, thor- oughly informed as to all the requirements of his trade and how best fco meet its every demand. LEADING MANUFACTURERS ASD MERCHANTS. Lit t (Hit-Id, Frary & Co. (Successors to Littleiield, Hill & Co.), Dealers in Furnaces, Ranges, Stoves, and Kitchen Furnishings; also, Plumbers; No. 08 Washington Street, .No. 5 Cocheco Mock. In the mechanical arts there is no branch of more importance than plumb- ing. Health and happiness depend in a great measure on the work, and too much care can- not be exercised in selecting a suitable and intelligent sanitary engineer. The represent- ative house engaged in this line of enterprise in Dover is that" of Messrs. Littlefield. Frary ct Co., located at No. 58 Washington Street. This firm are extensive dealers in furnaces, ranges, stoves and kitchen furnishings, and make a leading specialty of sanitary plumbing. The house was founded in Iir5(5, by Messrs. S. II. Fuller & Co., the present senior partner, Mr. H. Littlefield, being a member of the firm. Mr. Fred. D. Frary came into the business ten years ago, and the present firm was organized May 1, 1887, by the admission to partnership of Mr. Geo. L. Johnson. The business premises com- prise three floors and a basement, :.'"> x 50 feet each, and employment is constantly furnished to from ten to fourteen hands in the different departments of the business. The stock carried is one of the largest and most valuable in this section, comprising wood, coal, gas, and oil stoves, embodying all the modern improve- ments for cooking and heating; furnaces and ranges of the best makes, tin, sheet-iron and copper ware of all kinds, and general furnish- ings for housekeeping. A full line is also carried of plumbers' supplies, and every facil- ity is afforded for the prompt and perfect ful- filment of all orders for sanitary engineering and plumbing. Patrons of this house are as- sured of securing the greatest satisfaction in the quality and price of goods. John T. W. Ham. Manufacturer and Jobber of Hats, Caps and Furs. No. 4^s Central Avenue, Bracewell Block. This enterprise was founded in 1839, by Mr. A. D. Purinton, and in 1 <">'. i Mr. Ham became a member of the firm of Purinton & Ham, succeeding to the sole con- trol in 1877. The store as regards inferior ar- rangements and appointments is not surpassed in the city, while the stock that is constantly carried commends its own merits to the inspec- tion of all. A large and influential trade is transacted in hats, caps, furs and gents' fur- nishing goods in full variety, both at wholesale embracing everything in this line and retail, the assortment being full and complete in each department and embracing everything that is new, stylish, fashionable and seasonable. The fur department contains all the latest styles in ladies' furs, seal-skin sacks, fur-lined circulars, beaver, otter, and other fashionable and costly furs. In the general assortment are shown ladies' and gentlemen's gloves, scarfs and tip- pets; also, carriage and sleigh robes of black bear, wolverine, fox, badger, wolf, buffalo and other species. The new line of furs which are displayed each season is one of the largest and finest to be found in this section of the coun- try, and as the proprietor is prepared to manu- facture furs in all articles of wearing apparel he can offer them at remarkably low prices. The line of hats includes silk, fur, felt, cloth and straw hats, all of the latest fashion, and sold at popular prices. There is also a fine slock of trunks, bags and umbrellas. Four cleiks are employed in the store and one sales- man on the road, and the trade is large, first- class and permanent throughout the city and State, every facility being at hand for the prompt and perfect fulfilment of all orders. Mr. Ham is a native of Dover. E. S. Tasll & Co., Groceries and Shoe Findings; No. 49'J Central Ave. One of the en- terprising establishments in the grocery trade of Dover is that of Messrs. E. S. Tash it Co. The business was founded some thirty years ago by Messrs. A. S. and George \\". Tash. the present film succeeding to the control March 4. ISST. The store is spacious in size, and well adapted for the large and active business transacted l.y the enterprise and energy of the proprietors. The stock is full and complete in every particular, embracing all the articles needed by families in the staple grocery line, including fine teas and coffees, pure spices, the leading 1 rands of family flour, sugars, syrups and molasses. 1 utter, 'cheese and eggs, canned goods in great variety, green and dried fruits, soaps, starch and laundry requisites, dairy, garden and farm products fresh from the hands of the producer, and an immense variety of grocers' small wares, the whole constituting a well-selected and com- plete assortment. Goods are purchased direct of manufacturers and producers, in large quan- tities and at advantageous rates, enabling the fiim to supply their customers at pi-ices which defy successful competition. The firm is composed of Messrs. E. S. Tash and (;. W. Gray, both natives of New Hampshire, and residents here for many years. Mr. Tash is serge an t-at-arms for the governor and coun- cil at Concord. Charles A. Tufts, Pharmacist, Drugs and Chemicals; No. 85 Washington Street. The business of this reliable concern was originally founded in 1815 by Mr. Asa A. Tufts, a skilled chemist, and was successfully conducted by him for thirty two years, his son, the present proprietor, succeeding to the control in 1847. Mr. Tufts is a native of Dover and is one of our most prominent and highly respected citi- zens. He is a graduate of the Massachusetts college of pharmacy, and also of the medical department of Dartmouth College. He is thoroughly versed in tmttir'ui 'timlini, and in the preparation of remedial compounds of all kinds, and has fully illustrated his accuracy and perfect reliability in the years that he has catered to the wants of the public in this line. The quarteis occupied comprise a store and basement i'u x 00 feet in dimensions each. The salesroom contains a large, well-selected, complete stock of goods incident to the trade, and the laboratory is fully supplied with all I the requisite facilities for compounding the ' most difficult prescriptions and medicines. Mr. Tufts has filled the positions of city school committee, city councilman and al- derman, state senator, for many years trustee of state asylum for the insane, member and president of the state board of pharmacy. He is an honorary member of the Baltimore and California colleges of pharmacy, and of the Pharmaceutical Association of Massachusetts. Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and Iowa. 78 CITY OF DOVER. B. F. Rackley, Apothecary, No. 448 Cen- tral Ave., National Block. From the very earli- est ages the art of preparing the compounds that alleviate and remove pain and heal the sick has been regarded as among the highest of human functions. Nor has time in any de- gree taken from the importance attaching to the calling of the apothecary, the well-ordered pharmacy being one of the most indispensable features of progress in every community in our day, as it need scarcely be stated. And in this connection attention is directed to the spacious and handsome drug store of B. F. Rackley, de- sirably situated at Xo. 448 Central Ave., in the National Block, and which is in all respects one of the finest and best equipped establish- ments of the kind in or around Dover, none en- gaged in this line hereabouts enjoying a higher reputation for pure and fresh drugs and medi- cines and excellent proprietary remedies, or for accuracy and reliability in compounding and dispensing prescriptions than Mr. Kackley, who is by common consent one of the leading members of the pharmaceutical profession in this part of the State, while his patronage is fully commensurate with his name and stand- ing. This admirably conducted and flourish- ing store was established some twenty odd years ago, and from its inception to the present day has steadily grown in public favor and confidence, well deserved, the business grow- ing apace annually, until now it is at once large, prosperous and permanent; while the specialties put up here are in steady and exten- sive demand in the trade throughout the entire New England States, owing to their unequivo- cal merit. The store, which is 20 x 80 feet in dimensions, is elegantly fitted up and tastefully arranged a superb Tuft's soda fountain, fine show cases, and attractive appointments ren- dering a very inviting display, and a large and carefully assorted stock is constantly carried, including besides a complete line of pure drugs and medicines, chemicals, paints, oils, extracts, acids, alcohol, spirits, flavors, and everything comprehended in druggists' sundries sponges, soaps, chamois, medicated paper, mineral wa- ters, etc. ; also, fancy leather novelties, cutlery, stationery, toilet articles, perfumery, candies, confectionery, cigars and tobacco. Three ca- pable and efficient assistants are in attendance, a fine prescription trade (which is a specialty) being done, and among the preparations of which Mr. Rackley is sole proprietor, may be named the following well and favorably known remedies: .Rackley's Sarsaparilla and Electric Pills, for the cure of scrofula, scrofulous sores, and all diseases arising from scrofula in the blood, and for purifying and renovating the whole system; Rackley's Ginger Cordial, for diarrhoea, cholera morbus, dyspepsia, colic, heartburn, etc., etc. ; Rackley's Favorite Hair Dressing, for preserving and beautifying the human hair; Rackley's Ivory Dentifrice; and Homai's Persian Wash, etc. C. E. Bacon, Jeweller, Fine Watch Repair- ing and Engraving a Specialty, No. 388 Central Avenue. It is evident from a study of an- cient history, that the art of making jewellery was one of the first at which mankind arrived, and that the taste for personal decoration is a universal expression of human existence in all ages. By the improvements made in the man- ufacture, the cost of jewellery has in these mod- ern times been so much reduced as to make its use practically universal. A leading head- quarters in Dover tor both watches, clocks ami jewellery is the establishment of Mr. C. E. Ba- con, at No. 388 Central Avenue. This gentleman has been established in business here for the past thirty years, and has by honest endeavor and enterprising, legitimate methods, built up a reputation and a trade that places him in the front rank of popularity and success. His store is one of the prominent centres of trade on this busy thoroughfare, and is ably conducted in all its departments. In watches, clocks, jew- ellery, silverware and optical goods, the display is very attractive and the assortments are equal to any in the city. The goods have all been selected with care and judgment, exhibiting a wide range in value, and are calculated to meet the wants of the greatest possible number of buyers. Special attention is given to fine engraving by an artist of unequalled merit, whose work is greatly admired by the public, and watch repairing of all kinds is promptly and skilfully executed. The house is prepared to give the best satisfaction in all its operations, and the proprietor is consistent in his deter- mination to furnish first-class goods and satis- factory service at the lowest possible prices. Ample capital is employed in the enterprise, and it is recognized as an important factor in the mercantile development of the city. Mr. Bacon is still in the early prime of life, prompt, obliging and popular in his business dealings, and reliable and responsible in all the relations of life. R. H. & H, O. Woodfoerry, Manufact- urers of Misses', Women's and Children's Shoes, corner Park and Dover Streets. A very popular and well-known establishment in Dover engaged in this Jine of manufactures is the one named in the caption of this sketch. The firm "began business about a score of years ago at Beverly, Mass., under the style of Wood- berry Bros., and on Febuary 3, 188G, they opened as a branch concern in Dover the largo brick factory .located on the corner of Park and Dover streets, under the style of R. H. & H. O. Woodberry: The factory is a substantial five story building, fitted 'up and completely equipped with all the latest improved machin- ery required in the production of women's, misses' and children's shoes. Employment is given to two hundred hands, skilled and 1 ex- perienced in the business; and the products consist principally of shoes of the medium grade, all of which are made of the very bc^t quality of materials, fine workmanship, and of the latest and most fashionable styles adapted to the wants of first-class retailers and jobbers. All the operations of the factory are conducted under the close supervision of the manager, Mr. Joseph T. Woodberry. a shoemaker of vast experience, and the firm are thus enabled to ensure complete satisfaction to their customers in every particular. The trade is not confined to the New England States, but extends throughout all portions of the Union from Maine to California. The concern is in every respect a representative one, and the products of the establishment are everywhere appreciated for their uniform, excellence and their reasonable price. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 79 HI. Killoreii & Co., Dry Goods, Fancy Goods, etc., No. 462 Central Avenue. The city of Dover has a number of first-class houses engaged in the dry and fancy goods trade, prominent among which is the estab- lishment of M. Killoreii & Co., located at Xo. 462 Central Avenue. This enterprise was inaugurated in April, 1887, and its manage- ment has been characterized by such enter- prise and ability as to command universal approbation and a liberal and rapidly increas- ing patronage. The store is one of the most attractive on this popular thoroughfare, and is admirably arranged for the display of goods and the comfort and convenience of customers. The stock of dry goods, fancy goods and small wares is one of the finest in the city, comprising all the most desirable styles of dress goods in silks, satins, velvets, plushes and prints, white goods and domestics, hos- iery, gloves and underwear, corsets, bustles and hoop-skirts, black laces, gimps and fringes, embroidery and knitting silks, canvas and felt tidies in all colors, zephyr, saxony and fancy yarns, lace collars and fichus, and all the novelties in fancy goods and small wares. The house buys exclusively from manufact- urers and importers, thereby giving its cus- tomers the benefits previously acquired by jobbing houses. The stock is always com- plete in every department, is constantly being renewed by fresh invoices, and something new, beautiful and useful is to be found on its shelves and counters. The services of six clerks and salesladies are required to meet the demands of the trade, and patrons come from town and country. Popular prices pre- vail in every branch of the business, and promptness, liberality and enterprise are the characteristics of the house. Mr. Killoren, the proprietor, is a well-known business man of Dover, interested in various enterprises in this city, and is assisted in the management of this establishment by Mrs. Killoren, who presides, in his absence, with grace and popu- larity. Ebcii C. Barry, Meats and Provisions, X<>. 497 Central Ave. A leading source of sup- ply in this line in Dover is the market of Mr. Eben C. Barry at Xo. 497 Central Avenue. This gentleman is one of the prominent butchers in this city, and has been established in trade here since 1872. He keeps constantly on hand a large stock of fresh beef, pork, lamb, mutton, veal, sausages, and all kinds of fresh, smoked, salt and corned meats. His market is kept scrupulously neat and clean, and the meats are perfectly preserved and reliable in every re- spect. Only the best stock in prime condition are slaughtered, a fact which is well known by the patrons of this house, who appreciate by their custom the efforts made by Mr. Barry to furnish them with healthy and wholesome meats and provisions. His goods are kept fresh and sweet, and are delivered promptly to any part of the city. Competent assistants are employed, and customers are liberally and courteously treated. Mr. Barry is a native of Xew Hampshire, with a thorough knowledge of all the needs and requirements of his busi- ness, and eminently popular and successful in meeting all its demands. J. Doiidero & Co., Wholesale Dealers in Foreign and Domestic Fruits, Xo. 486 Central Avenue, corner of Third Street. Mr. J. Don- dero was born in Italy, but has resided in the United States many years, and came to this city some time ago. He established himself in this enterprise on Xovember 7, 1886, and occu- pies a commodious store which is eligibly lo- cated at Xo. 486 Central Avenue on the corner of Third Street. He deals in all kinds of choice foreign and domestic fruits, and makes a specialty of bananas, keeping on ^hand both the Jamaica growths and those from Aspiitwall and Central America. His store is a busy scene every day, receiving and shipping fruits. He also deals very extensively in pine-apples, cocoa-nuts, oranges and lemons from the trop- ical climes of North and South America: also from the Mediterranean ports; also limes, Malaga grapes from Spain, and Tokios from Southern California, raisins, figs, etc., also all kinds of domestic fruits and berries. Mr. Don- dero's trade is both wholesale and re tail, extend- ing not only throughout the city, but the entire surrounding country. He is prepared to fill orders of any magnitude for any kinds of fruit at the shortest notice and at prices beyond competition. Mr. Joseph D. Jovine is the able and efficient partner of the firm, and has a large and extensive knowledge of the fruit business in all its branches. He was born in Italy in 1848. and came to America in 1873, and has 1 een in Dover since 1884, and has been in this line of business for some seven years. W. E. Browne, Watchmaker and Jewel- ler, and Bro\viie & Stevens, -Dealers in Books, Periodicals, Stationery, and Fancy Goods, No. 354 Central Avenue. The flourish- ing stores of W. E. Browne, watchmaker and jeweller, and Browne & Stevens, dealers in books, periodicals, fancy goods and novelties, both located on the same premises at No. 354 Central Avenue, are each among the leading and most reliable concerns of the kind in town ; Mr. Browne being in all respects one of the forempst exponents of the watchmakers' and jewellers' art hereabouts, while in the other store can at all times be found a complete and first-class line of literature, magazines, news- papers, pictorials, artistic cards, stationery, toys and a multifarious assortment of novelties and small wares, patrons and purchasers being always assured of getting an excellent article, honorable dealing and satisfactory treatment in either establishment. The joint enterprise was started in 1886. The entire premises occu- py a 20 x 70 foot floor and basement, the store being divided into two distinct apart- ments, which are both neatly fitted up and tastefully appointed, while a full and fine stock is constantly carried in both. On the one side is displayed a very superior assortment of gold and silver watches, clocks of every style and variety, elegant jewellery of all kinds, silver and plated ware, spectacles, eye-glasses and optical goods, and on the other side, books, periodicals, magazines, New York and Boston daily papers, general stationery, leather goods, art novelties, cutlery, picture frames, picto- rials, holiday specialties, toys, dolls, and fancy articles. Fine watch, clock, and jewellery re- pairing also is executed in the most superior and prompt manner. 80 CITY OF DOVER. I. B. Williams & Sons, Tanners and Manufacturers of Oak-Tanned Leather Belting, Raw-Hide and Tanned Lace Leather. There is nothing connected with modern manufactur- ing that plays a more important part than belting. By its means, power is transmitted from the engine to the machinery with the least possible friction. At various times in- ventive minds have turned their attention to the production of belting from such substances as cotton, rubber, linen, etc., but in every case with little or no benefit. Where the first cost has been lessened, the use of any other than leather belting has always proved to be far more expensive in the long run. One of the oldest and most extensive houses engaged in the production of oak-tanned leather belting is that of Messrs. I. B. Williams & Sbns, of Dover. This house was founded in 1842, by Mr. I. B. Williams, who died in 1885, since which time the business has been conducted by his two sons, Messrs. F. B. and G. H. Wil- liams, who had been members of the firm for several years and had been trained in the art of manufacture from their youth up. The plant of the firm comprises a substantial brick structure, containing four floors and a base- ment, 80 x 100 feet in dimensions, which is thoroughly equipped for the systematic and successful prosecution of the work in hand. It is operated by a 60 horse-power steam en- gine, and furnished with all the latest im- proved machinery and tools known to the trade, employment being provided for fifty skilled hands. The attention of the firm is especially directed to the manufacture of belt- ing from pure oak -tanned leather, and in all the various shapes and sizes required by the trade. They also make raw-hide and tanned lace leather, and are known far and wide as tanners and manufacturers of the largest experience and of well-established reputation. Their goods are considered as the standard in every market of the world where they have been introduced and tested, and as unsur- passed for durability, strength and perfect workmanship. In every department of their business it would be difficult to find a concern either better equipped or possessing more comprehensive facilities for the transaction of a large trade and the production of a superior class of goods. The business in its extent and importance occupies a prominent place among the manufacturing enterprises of this State, and reflects the highest credit upon the man- agement which has made it a prosperous and growing enterprise. The trade of the hous.- extends throughout the entire United States and to many foreign countries, and is annually increasing in magnitude and importance. The Messrs. Williams are natives of Dover, practi- cal and experienced manufacturers, and young men of enterprise, business ability and per- sonal social worth. A. W. Ward, Undertaker and Practical Embalmer, Xos. 12 and 14 Third Street. In November, 1884, Mr. Ward started business on his own account, and he has been accorded a very liberal and substantial patronage. ITe occupies a neatly fitted up store, 20 x 40 !'<< t in dimensions, and here is carried a very fine stock of coffins, caskets and funeral requisites of every description. As a funeral director, Mr. A. X. Ward's services are in frequent d:-- mand, and he gives particular attention to the embalming of bodies by the latest and most approved process. Mr. Ward talies full charge of funerals, furnishing everything required in the best and most reliable manner, and dis- charges the responsible duties incident to such occasions to the entire satisfaction of both relatives and friends. He is thoroughly familiar with every detail of the business. Mr. Ward resides in the rooms above the store, and orders received at any hour of the day or night receive immediate attention. He is a native of Brockton, Mass.. and a gentleman of the highest personal and commercial integrity as well as of energy and business ability. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 81 Strafford National Bank. Early in the first decade of the present century, or to be more concise, in the year 1803, the veritable old land-mark, whose name stands at the head of this sketch was organized, and from the in- ception of the institution down to the present day, its history marks a record of steady progress, the bank growing in public favor and confidence annually during the eighty-five years of its existence, until now its connections are of a most substantial and gratifying- character, being by common consent among the most staple and reliable financial institu- tions in this section of the country, as well as the oldest in Dover, and one of the oldest banks in the entire State. The Strafford National was duly incorporated' at the period mentioned as the Strafford Bank, and under this title it was conducted up to 1865, when it was reorganized under the national banking act as the Strafford National Bank, with $120,- 000, afterwards increased to $200,000, capital. It has a handsome exhibit of $50,000.00 sur- plus and $20,000.00 undivided profits, besides about $75,000 in real estate, and premises to- day amply attest the stability and flourishing condition of the bank and place the institu- tion and its management far beyond the re- quirement of any need of praise these pages could bestow. A general banking business is carried on, collections being made on all points; exchanges bought and sold; drafts issued on England, Ireland and Scotland, and bonds, securities and fiscals of all kinds are negotiated; in short, everything that properly pertains to banking and finance, while the de- posits are large and increase yearly. The officers of -the institution are W. S. Ste*vens, president; E. R. Brown, cashier; and C. S. Cartland, assistant cashier; the board of direc- tor.s being composed of Messrs. W. S. Stevens, Jeremiah Ilorne, John McDuffee, Charles H. Sawyer, Jeremiah Smith, E. R. Brown and Samuel C. Fisher. C. E. TTIarstoii, Dover Foundry and Ma- chine Works, Manufacturer of Iron and Brass Castings, Machine Work, etc., No. 31 Second St. A representative house, engaged in the manufacture and sale of iron and brass cast- ings, machine work, etc., is that of Mr. C. E. Marston, Dover Foundry and Machine Works. This foundry was established fifty years ago, but the present proprietor added the machine works in 1876. The foundry, pattern and .ma- chine shops are spacious, and are supplied with all modern appliances, tools and machinery known to the trade. Thirty experienced moulders, mechanics, etc., are employed, and the machinery is driven by steam power. Mr. Marston manufactures largely plumbers' pipe and fittings, steam heating apparatus, boilers, lamp posts, horse hitching posts, iron columns, pulleys, shafting, hangers, radiators, feed water heaters, pumps, etc. He likewise deals in wrought-iron pipe, engines, gas fittings, steam pumps, steam fittings, gas fixtures, brass valves, etc., while at the same time he gives es- timates for piping for gas, and heating build- ings by steam, and for all kinds of iron work. Faithful attention is given to whatever may be required in iron and brass castings, while the greatest care is exercised in the selection of the proper qualities of metal and in the deli- cate processes of casting, especially where soundness and accuracy are required in the fin- ished articles. Mr. Marston is a native of Great Falls. Henry C. Goodwin, Pharmacist and Stationer, No. 1 Bracewell Building, Central Street, corner First. This house was estab- lished by its present proprietor in 1874, and is included among the finer class of phar- macies in this city. The store is spacious in size, admirably fitted up, and replete with everything required to constitute a first-class drug and prescription establishment. The ex- tensive and well selected stock embraces a full line of pure drugs, chemicals and medicines, toilet and nursery articles, fancy goods and stationery, school books, confectionery and cigars, soda and mineral waters, and a careful- ly assorted stock of such patent or proprietary medicines as are known to possess healing virtues and curative properties devoid of del- eterious or injurious elements. Mr. Goodwin also makes a line of preparations that are highly prized by his patrons and have a large sale, among which are sarsaparilla, tooth pow- der, all-healing ointment, anti-bilious bitters, kidney and liver medicine, stomach bitters, Lewis' cholera cordial, cough mixture, etc., etc. The compounding of physicians' pre- scriptions and family recipes receives that careful and intelligent professional attention which their important character so impera- tively demands, and accuracy and precision invariably prevail in every department of the business. Mr. Goodwin is a native of Milton, N. H., and an accomplished pharmacist and a reliable and trustworthy business man. Frank C. Snow & Co., Merchant Tai- lors, and Dealers in Keady-Made Clothing, No. 446 Central Avenue. The history of prominent representatives of the tailor's art in Dover must make special mention of Messrs. Frank C. Snow & Co., whose popular establishment is located at> No. 446 Central Avenue. The business was originally established in 1876, by Mr. Frank C. Snow, and in 1880 the present firm was organized by the admission to parti nershjp of Mr. George W. Snow. The prem- ises occupied by the business comprise two floors and a basement, 20 x 80 feet each. The firm exhibit one of the finest stocks of cloths and trimmings to be found in the State. The very best sources of American and European production have contributed to its wealth, and \i is thoroughly complete in. material, design and novelty. The firm devote their special at- tention to fine custom work, and the garments produced by them are simply perfection in style, fit and artistic workmanship. Among their permanent customers are many of the best dressed citizens of this city, who under- stand the merits of a first-class tailor, and who have found in this establishment not only a line of goods that is at all times superior, but where the general make-up, fit and trimming of a garment is a matter of careful considera- tion and study. The house is large and em- ployment is furnished to twenty hands. A full line of ready-made clothing is also dealt in, and in each department popular prices prevail. The Messrs. Snow are natives of Dover, and young men of enterprise and business ability. 82 CITY OF DOVER. The Hawthorne, A. II. Place, Proprietor. No. 5-v> Central Avenue. A popular stopping place in Dover for the travelling public, and one which is always pleasantly remembered by those who have ever put up there, is the Hawthorne, located at No. 523 Central Avenue. Although not the largest hotel in the city yet the accommodations to be found here are of the best, and the table is conducted upon a scale of liberality but rarely equalled else- where. It is )>ar excellence the place for good liver's sojourning in this vicinity. The Haw- thorne was opened to the public in 1883, springing into popularity at the outset, and its patronage is of a first-class, influential charac- ter. The house is a two-story brick structure, excellently appointed throughout, provided with every modern convenience, and furnished in comfortable, home-like manner. Oil the first iloor arc the office, parlor, dining-room and bar, the latter well stocked with choice wines and liquors, and on the second floor are the airy, clean, and well-kept sleeping apart- ments. The terms per day are but two dol- lars. A first-class stable is connected with the house from which stylish turn-outs can be had at reasonable prices. The proprietor, Mr. A. It. Place, is a native of this State and lias a wide social and business acquaintance by whom he is held in general esteem. Dur- ing the late war he served in the U. S. Navy for three years and four months, under the com- mand of Admiral Farragut, and took an active part in many important events. Hasty Brothers, Jlestaurant, Ice-Cream Saloon, Confectionery, Cigars, etc., No. 396 Central Avenue. These gentlemen were born in Great Falls, X. H., but have resided in Dover for some time. They founded this enterprise in May, 1887, and have met with success, and are now enjoying a trade that is seldom ac- corded to much older similar establishments. The premises comprise a salesroom, dining- room, ice-cream parlor and an admirably equipped kitchen. The other apartments are furnished and supplied with every convenience for the comfort of patrons. They carry , stock of fine French and American confec- tionery, pastries, cakes; also foreign and domestic fruits, and nuts; soda water with pure and unadulterated fruit flavoring, syrups, etc. The ice-cream parlor in the rear is fitted up in a very handsome manner, while the ice- cream that is served is made of the purest materials and entirely free from any impure or deleterious substances. The Messrs. Hasty also prepare chops, steaks, cutlets, poultry and game in season to oi-cler, also oysters, clams, crabs, lobsters, tc. They make a specialty of making ice-cream to order for balls, weddings, receptions, parties, church and Sunday School festivals and picnics ; also suppers and meals for parties served expedi- tion sly. They are young, wide-awake and energetic business men, and have established for themselves an excellent reputation as caterers and reliable men in all their deal- ings. D. C. M. Pierce, Meats, Fish, Oysters and Vegetables, No. 502 Central Avenue. Mr. Pierce has been engaged in business in this community for many years, and opened his present establishment in July, 1887. He is prosecuting his trade in a live, enterprising manner, worthy of the success which he has quickly acquired. His market is spacious in size, fitted up with all conveniences for facil- itating the trade and for the preservation of meats and perishable articles during the sum- mer. He carries a stock of slaughtered meats, including beef, pork, lamb, mutton, veal, sau- sage, hams, shoulders, tongues, tripe, salt, corned and smoked meats, all of which are kept fresh and pure. He butchers only the best cattle, in prime condition, a fact which his patrons thoroughly appreciate, and furnishes only good, healthy and reliable meats. Com- petent assistants are employed, and customers are treated with liberality and promptness. Mr. Pierce is a native of New Hampshire, hav- ing a perfect knowledge of the wants of his trade and the respect and confidence of tho general community. A. Reynolds, Boots, Shoes and Rubbers, Bracewell Block. Mr. Reynolds was established here in 1875, and has experienced a steady increase in popularity and a remarka- bly healthy growth. The business premises comprise a store and basement, 20 x 75 feet each, and the place is thoroughly attractive and well kept, arranged for convenience of inspection and sale, and is the centre of a large and active trade. Of the stock it is sufficient to say that it is simply complete in each and every particular, embracing a full lifte of boots, shoes, rubbers and slippers of all grades of size, weight and quality, and suited for the wear of ladies, gentlemen, misses, youth, boys and 'children. The laboring man can here supply his needs in the way of stout and dura- ble goods, and the dressy customer will find a beautiful assortment of the nobbiest and most stylish goods in the market, noted for artistic workmanship, fine finish and easy fit. The most celebrated manufactures of the country are represented in the stock, and all classes of people are readily suited and pleased by the provision here made for their varied require- ments. Mr. Reynolds is a native of Dover,. and one of its well-known citizens. Oeo. F. \iite &. Co., Meats and Vegeta- bles, Country Produce, etc.; No. 13 Third Street. This business has been actively prose- cuted for twenty years by the senior part- ner. The market is well fitted up with all conveniences for the trade, and with every modern improvement for the preservation of meats during summer, and is always kept neat and clean. A fine stock of meat is kept on hand, including beef, pork. veal, lamb mutton, sausage, smoked hams, shoulders, tongue, salt meats, etc., which are always fresh and desirable. This firm deal largely in Chicago dressed beef, and butcher their own lambs, calves, etc. They also keep a fresh stock of vegetables and farm products, and deal in fish on Fridays. Goods are promptly delivered to all parts of the city, and all orders are filled with care and despatch. The members of the firm. Messrs. George F. and George W. Nute, are both natives of Dover, reliable and responsible in all their dealings. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AX I) MERCHANTS. 83 Sullivan & Littlcfield, Apothecaries, No. 89 Washington Street. This popular and well- patronized institution was founded in 1883 by Messrs. Sullivan & Harris, the firm style chang- ing to the present form in 1886, on the retire- ment of Mr. Harris and the admission of Mr. Littlefield as a partner. The store has an area of 25 x 60 feet, is superbly fitted up, and is one of the handsomest establishments to be seen in the city. It has a marble floor, (the only one in Dover), the electric cash carrier system, patented by the Meter Dispatch Co., of Boston, the couutei-s bear elegant plate glass show cases, the shelfware is of the most tasteful order, and, altogether, the arrange- ments and conveniences are such as to call forth the admiration of the visitor, while they re- flect much credit upon the taste of the manage- ment. A portion of the place is used as an office by the Western Union Telegraph Co. The extensive stock carried embraces a com- plete assortment of fresh, pure drugs and chemicals, family and proprietary remedies, toilet goods, 'fancy articles, perfumery, sta- tionery, surgical appliances, physicians' sup- plies, and druggists' sundries in general, all derived from the most reliable sources of pro- duction. The firm have a number of special preparations of their own manufacture which are of especial merit, among them being ex- celsior cough syrup, dentrifice, sarsaparilla, etc. Particular attention is devoted to the com- pounding of physicians' prescriptions and family recipes, the purest materials only being used, and every care being taken to preclude the possibility of error. Messrs. Sullivan c\r Littlefield are expert masters of every branch of the pharmaceutical profession, give their undivided attention to the interests of their patrons, and are gentlemen in whom the fullest confidence may be reposed. F. C. Tiltoii, Dealer in Ready-Made Cloth- ing, Hats, Caps and Furnishing Goods, Trunks. Robes, etc., No. 358 Central Avenue. An ex- cellent and well-equipped establishment in this line in Dover is that of F. C. Tilton, dealer in ready-made clothing, hats, caps and gener- al furnishing goods. No. 358 Central Avenue, which is in all respects one of the leading and most reliable stores of the kind in the city, purchasers being always assured of receiving a very superior article, satisfactory treatment and prompt and polite attention here; while the patronage is fully commensurate with the deservedly high reputation the house sustains. This well-known store is an old stand, having been conducted as a clothing emporium for many years, and came into the control of the present proprietor in 1SS5. who has since car- ried on the business with uninterrupted suc- cess. The store, which is 30 x 80 feet in di- mensions, is nicely fitted up and well ordered in every respect, and a heavy and excellently selected stock is constantly carried, comprising a full and fine assortment of men's, boys' and children's clothing-of every style and variety, hats and caps of all kinds, underclothing, shirts, neckwear, gloves, handkerchiefs, sus- penders, umbrellas trunks, valises, robes, blankets and kindred articles: while two cour- teous and competent clerks attend to the wants of customers; and the trade, which ex- tends all over the city and surrounding coun- try, is at once large, prosperous and permanent. Mr. Tilton is a young man of agreeable man- ner and strict integrity in his dealings, as well as push, foresight and excellent business qual- ities. 11*11111$; & Delaiiv, Grocers, Butter, Cheese and Flour Specialties, No. 514 Central Avenue. This house was founded some twenty years ago, by Mr. George G. Lowell, succeeded by Col eman & Cushing in 1875, the present firm succeeding to the control in March, 1887. The premises occupied for trade purposes comprise a store and basement, 20 x 60 feet each, which are fitted up with special reference to the busi- ness, which includes the handling of a general line of groceries, both staple and fancy, such as teas, coffees and spices, sugars, syrups and molasses, canned goods in great variety, table delicacies, condiments, etc.; also, cigars and tobacco, a leading specialty being made of but- ter, cheese and flour. Even the most casual observer, on visiting this house, cannot fail to be impressed with the extent, system and com- pleteness of the establishment, and it may safely be asserted that, in quality, freshness and variety, the stock carried by this firm has no superior in the city. The proprietors have thoroughly popularized their business by en- terprising and legitimate methods, and are building up a large, thriving and permanent trade throughout the city and surrounding country. Prompt, efficient and obliging in their dealings with the public, they are amply deserving of the prosperity that has thus far attended their efforts, and of the esteem in which they are held in the community. The firm is composed of Messrs. C. H. Cushing and Walter Delany, both natives of Dover. B. F. Keimard, Drugs, Medicines, Toilet Articles, Fancy Goods, Perfumes, etc., Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Brushes, etc., Franklin Square. The .reliable pharmacy conducted by Mr. B. F. Kennard, on Franklin Square, has long been one of the leading enterprises of its kind in Dover. It was founded by Mr. B. F\ Rackley some twenty years ago, and has been under the control of the present proprietor since 1885. Mr. Kennard is a gentleman of rare professional skill, and his management is as popular as it is careful and liberal. The large and carefully selected stock embraces the purest drugs, chemicals and standard pro- prietary medicines, pharmaceutical prepara- tions of known reliability, toilet articles, per- fumery, stationery and fancy goods; paints, oils, varnishes and brushes; cigars, confection- ery, soda and mineral waters, and druggists' sundries of every description. The prescrip- tion department is managed with signal abil- ity, the work being in the hands of expert pharmacists, and accuracy and precision ob- tain in every department. Mr. Kennard man- ufactures a number of specialties, notably sarsaparilla, pills, ginger cordial, toothache remedy, etc., which have secured a deserved popularity for their remedial properties. Mr. Kennard is a native of Maine, of tried ability in his profession, and known in this city as a reliable, responsible and representative busi- ness man. 84 CITY OF DOVER. Eugene Smart, Shot guns, Rifles, Pistols, Ammunition and Fishing Tackle; No. 77 Main Street. It is twenty years since Mr. Smart founded his enterprise here, and during this period he lias commanded a patronage derived from a wide tributary area. He formerly man- ufactured guns, rifles, and other fire-arms, gaining an excellent name for the superiority of his productions. He occupies a salesroom and machine shop, 20 x GO feet in dimensions, the latter being used for the repairing of rifles, fowling pieces, etc. The store is excellently fitted up, and contains a first-class assortment of the leading makes : shot-guns, rifles, both single and double barreled, pistols of all sizes, ammunition, powder and shot flasks, rods, reels, and fishing tackle in full variety, together with an assortment of sportsman's goods of every description, all of the most reliable char- acter. Particular attention is paid to the re- pairing department, and all orders in this line are given prompt attention, while the charges are made reasonable and fair. Mr. JSmart, who was born in Maine, has long resided in this city, and is well known to all our citizens. John P. Lowell, Proprietor of Lowell's Crockery Hall, and Lowell's Wholesale and Retail Tea and Grocery Store. Lowell's Block, Xo. 44 Third Street. One of the popular grocery establishments in the city of Dover is that of Mr. John P. Lowell, located in Lowell's Block, on Third Street. Mr. Lowell is an ex- tensive dealer in staple and fancy groceries, crockery, china and glassware, and has been engaged in the business here since 1879. He occupies a fine large store, 20 x 75 feet in di- mensions, with a basement of the same size, and has every convenience and facility for conducting the business successfully and upon a large scale. The grocery department is filled with a superior stock of teas, coffees and spices, sugars, syrups and molasses, the best brands of family flour, butter, cheese and eggs, canned goods, fancy pickles and jellies, pre- served and dried fruits, green fruits and vege- tables in their season, and everything usually found in a first-class grocery store. The line of crockery, china and glassware is one of the finest in the city, embracing the latest designs and patterns of both domestic and foreign pro- duction, and are offered at prices which are safe from successful competition. A fine stock of cigars, tobacco and confectionery is also carried, which is liberally patronized. The stock, taken as a whole, is not surpassed for freshness, quality or general excellence in the city. Mr. Lowell is a native of Dover, son of Mayor Lowell, and a gentleman of thorough reliability, business experience and enter- prise. "Walter T. Perkins, Steam and Gas Fit- ter, Dealer in Steam Heating and Gas Lighting Apparatus, No. 44 Locust Street. This busi- ness house was founded in 1874 by the present proprietor, who is a thoroughly skilled expo- nent of his trade, and has an enviable reputation for the thoroughness with'which he performs all contracts undertaken by him. The sales- room and workshop, which comprise the prem- ises occupied, have an area of 20 x 50 feet, and are equipped in every department in the most thorough manner. The store is filled with a stock of steam heating and gas lighting appa- ratus, wrought-iron and brass pipe, valves, fit- tings, etc., gas fixtures, glass globes and shades, steam and water gauges, engineers' sup- plies, rubber tubing, asbestos, rubber, hemp, and flax packing, and piston packing, of all kinds. Mr. Perkins also sells the Avery pat- ent boiler for heating purposes, which has no superior fii the market for the purposes to which it is adapted. A corps of experienced workmen are employed, find all orders for steam or gas fitting are given prompt at- tention, all work being' done in a thorough, re- liable manner, while the charges are always made fair and reasonable. Mr. Perkins is a ua- tive of this city, is ever active in taking an interest in every movement that" will advance the best welfare of the community. IV. S. Wiggin, Choice Family Groceries, Teas, Coffees, Spices, Flour, etc., Union Block, opposite City Hall, Central Square. Mr. Wig" gin is quite a young man and a native of this State. The business was established many years ago, he having become proprietor in 18S4. The premises comprise a store-room and cellar of fair proportions and fitted up in a very neat manner. Enjoying unusual facilities for the purchase of the best class of goods in the mar- ket, Mr. Wiggin can offer special inducements to buyers in first-class new teas from China ami Japan ; coffees from Mocha, Java and South America; spices, sugars, canned goods of every description, foreign and domestic fruits, con- fectionery, tobacco and cigars; also fresh and pure creamery butter, cheese, fresh eggs, veg- etables and other products of the farm and dairy, and in fact everything that is usually found in a well regulated grocery establishment. Orders are delivered at residences throughout the city by wagon without charge. The stock carried is purchased direct from first hands and has been selected for a first-class trade, and inducements can be obtained at this estab- lishment that cannot be excelled by any others in the city. Mr. Wiggin devotes his personal attention to the business, and being familiar with the wants of his patrons, knows exactly howito supply them with the best quality of goods at lowest prices. Atlantic Tea Company, Dealers in Choice Teas and Coffees. This establishment is a branch of the firm's house in Brockton, and was established in the city of Dover in 1885. There are in every centre of trade tho>e whose reputation for selling only superior goods is well known, and at the same time. it is a notorious fact that there are others of opposite characteristics. The proprietors, Messrs. Worthing and Mayo, carry a very large stock in both of their establishments, of pure and fresh new crop teas and coffees. Messrs. Worthing and Mayo also have in addition to their stock of teas and coffees, an assortment of fine crockery-ware which is likewise offered at very low prices. They possess ample facil- ities for conducting all operations under the most favorable auspices. Polite and courteous assistants give diligent attention to filling all orders. Mr. Herbert L. Waterman is the care- ful and efficient manager of the Dover branch. He is a young man of excellent executive abil- ity, and popular in business and social circles. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. J. H. Winslow, Boots, Shoes and Rubbers, No. 410 Central Ave. This is the oldest house in this line of trade, having been established here by Mr. Winslow some thirty-five years ago. Being a thoroughly practical and ex- perienced shoemaker, and having a foundation understanding of all the wants and require- ments of the trade, he has ever enjoyed a liberal and influential patronage, and steadily maintained a position in the front rank of enterprise and success. His business prem- ises comprise a salesroom and workshop, handsomely appointed and well equipped, and every facility is at hand for conducting the business in the most systematic and success- ful manner in all its branches. He carries, a full and complete stock of toots, shoes, rubbers and slippers for men, women, misses, youth, boys and children, in all the styles, sizes and grades suited to the tastes and the means, of all classes of people. A leading spe- cialty is made of X. Curtis & Co.'s low, con- gress, button and ball boots .and shoes, which are unsurpassed for comfort, style and dura- bility, and which Mr. Winslow receives direct from the factory and can sell at very low prices. He also has for ladies' wear S. New- comb & Co.'s boot, which has the highest repu- tation of any kid boot for style and fit among all who have worn them. These goods are all from select stock, and manufactured expressly for the trade of this house. Careful and skil- ful attention is also paid to fine custom work, and t<> repairing of all kinds. Mr. Winslow is a native of Dover, and one of its oldest and most respected merchants and substantial business men. City Hall); the work leaving this establishment being A 1 in every feature of merit, in design, execution, finish and general excellence. Mr. Twombly, who is a native of Dover, is a prac- tical workman, with many years' experience in the exercse of his profession, of which he ,s a thorough master in all its branches. Be- ing a man of push and enterprise, as well as unmistakable skill, he started in business on his own account in 1871, and at once estab- lished himself in popular favor and confidence by the uniform satisfaction rendered to his patrons. Monumental work of every descrip- tion is executed in the highest style of art, in Italian and Vermont marble marble work exclusively f>r cemetery purposes being turned out and several hands are employed, while a large and superb assortment of finished monu- ments, head-stones, tablets and emblematic designs, is constantly carried in stock; also rough marble, both Italian and Vermont pro- ducts . XCAV Hampshire House, M. O'Donnell, Proprietor, Third Street, opposite Boston & Maine Depot. Prominent among the hotels of the State is the New Hampshire House, of which Mr. M. O'Donnell is the proprietor. This establishment, which is an old-founded hostelry, has been under its present energetic management for the past six years, and com- mands a first-class transient and permanent patronage. The premises comprise a spacious two-story structure, comfortably furnished throughout, finely appointed, and thoroughly equipped with the most modern appliances and accommodations. Its position could not be more desirable for travellers, as it stands directly opposite the Boston & Maine depot. The house contains superior accommodations for twenty-live guests, and every care is taken to fulfil every want of patrons. The sleeping apartments are well ventilated, are supplied with excellent beds and bedding, and are kept in the cleanest condition possible. The rates are very moderate, commercial men in partic- ular will find this a desirable stopping place. while entire satisfaction is guaranteed all patrons. Mr. O'Donnell is thoroughly experi- enced in hotel management, and is known for his care, attention and household principles. R. H. Twomfoly, Marble Works : Locust Street, rear of City Hall. Among those who have established a reputation for skill and re- liability in this line can be named K. H. Twom- bly. of this city, whose well equipped marble works arc located on Locust Street (rear of Charles Emerson & Sons, French China, French, Belgian and Bohemian Glass- ware, English and American Earthernware. Silver Plated Ware, Cutlery and Kerosene Goods, Staple and Fine Fancy Goods and Toys; No. 5 Bracewell's Block, Central Ave. This firm are extensive dealers in this line, having their headquarters at Haverhill, Mass., and established this branch here in November, 1886. The store is 20 x 65 feet in size, and stocked to repletion with the new and the useful, the artistic and the beautful, embracing fine china, glassware, lamp goods, choice novelties and holiday specialties. The stock includes artistic pottery, porcelain and glassware brought from nearly every promi- nent establishment and glass factory in the world. Among the richly decorated goods are dinner , breakfast and tea sets, toilet sets, fine cut glassware, vases, ornamental pieces in Bo- hemian and Belgian glass, and the latest novel- ties from European manufactories, special sets for oyster, soup, fish, game, entree, fruit, etc.. artistic pottery in plaques and trays for wed- ding and Christmas gifts. Here are also heavy china, stone and earthcrnware, for hotel and steamboat use, and ornamental ware for family use, as well as cutlery, silver and plated ware, parian, majolica and fancy articles of every description; toys dolls, picture books, games, and holiday goods generally. The firm has its sources of supply in Berlin. Vh nna. Paris and oilier European capitals, and its plaques, vases and objets d 1 art are from the most famous masters. This firm jilso manufacture the Adamantine Crystal Cement, for mend- ing crockery, glass, etc.. and the Adaman- tine Cement for mending paper, cloth and wood. These preparations have an immense sale not only in this country but throughout all Europe. It would be impossible to name all the beautiful and useful goods that are here exhibited. The assortments are al- ways brilliant and complete, and the patron- age is large, first-class and rapidly on the in- crease. Mr. Charles E. Emerson, a member of this enterprising firm, is the manager in charge of this establishment, and is prepared to con- duct the business under the most favorable conditions, assuring complete satisfaction to customers. 86 CITY OF DOVER. E. V. Brewster & Co., Boots, Shoes and Rubbers, Gents' Hosiery. Gloves, Mittens, etc., etc.; also, Best Haxall and St. Louis Flour, Tea and Pure Java Coffee, No. 364 Cen- tral Avenue. The inception of this concern took place in 1846, the founders being Messrs. K. V. Brewster and Alpheus Rogers, the lat- t -r retiring the year following, and Mr. Thos. ,1. Palmer entering the firm. The copartner- ship continued until 1861, when Mr. Brewster succeeded to the entire control, carrying on the business under his sole management until 1*75, when he admitted his nephew, Mr. I. S. Brewster. as a copartner. The firm occupy a spacious store, having dimensions of 20 x 65 feet, neatly fitted up and well kept in every respect, while a heavy and carefully assorted stock is at all times carried. The goods dealt in com- prise boots, shoes and rubbers, selected from the leading sources of manufacture and unsurpassed for style, comfort, finish, and workmanship; also all the latest novelties in gentlemen's furnishing goods, hosiery, neck- wear, gloves, mittens, etc. These goods are displayed on one side of the salesroom. On the other is arranged and displayed a stock of staple and fancy groceries, in teas, coffees, spices, flour, sugar, dried fruits, canned goods, dairy produce, etc., all pure, fresh, and relia- ble. The Hon. E. V. Brewster, the senior member of the firm, has for years been one of the leading citizens of this State, and has filled, and is now filling, many important posi- tions. In 1863, 1864 and 1865 he served as rep- resentative of the New Hampshire State Leg- islature, and from 1868 to 1869 was mayor of the city of Dover, fulfilling his duties in both of- fices in an able, intelligent manner, to the en- tire acceptability and satisfaction of his consti- tuents. He has been the president of the Dover Gas Light Company for the past eighteen years, is vice-president of the Dover National Bank, and also of the Dover Five-Cent Sav- ings Bank, and fills the position of chairman of the board of trustees for St. John's M. E. Church. Mr. I. S. Brewster is a man of push, perseverance and untiring energy, thoroughly and practically conversant with all the require- ments of the trade. by the business and social community. He re- sides in St. Augustine, Fla., during the winter, where he has extensive business interests. In the year 1882 the Doctor invented and placed on the market a valuable patent, known as Young's Patent Folding Scissors, which we believe has met with a very large sale. A. J. Young, D. D. S., At Dover, No. 392 Central Avenue, from May 1, until November 20. Dr. Young is one of the few thoroughly trained and highly educated surgeon dentists in this section, having graduated at the Penn- sylvania college of dental surgery, in Phila- delphia, and in constant practice of his profes- sion since 1852. Dentistry is attended to in all its branches. Partial or entire sets of teeth are supplied, extracting and filling are skilful- ly and carefully done, and diseases of the teeth and gums receive experienced and scientific treatment. In preserving neglected teeth, cor- recting deformity, and in furnishing good and substantial fillings at a reasonable figure, Dr. Young is not excelled by any in the profes- sion. If your teeth are a misfit he can relieve you; old teeth are made over on a new plate, and broken sets are repaired in a durable man- ner, while waiting. He gives anaesthetics when deemed advisable, and treats his patients with the greatest consideration and care. Dr. Young is a native of D^over, the oldest dentist in continuous practice, and held in high esteem Geo. H. Bradbury, Grocer, Flour, Grain and Country Produce, Fine Teas and Coffees, No. 506 Central Avenue. In this volume the attention of our readers in Dover and vicinity is called to the reliable house of Mr.. Geo. H. Bradbury, at No. 506 Central Avenue. This gentleman is an extensive dealer in flour, grain and country produce, and all kinds of family groceries, making a leading specialty of fine teas and coffees, butter and cheese. He established his business here in 1883, and oc- cupies a store and basement, 20 x 50 feet each, and carries a stock of sufficient variety and magnitude to meet with ease and promptitude the demands of his large and growing trade. His stock includes the choicest products of the farm, the garden and the dairy, fresh from the hands of the producer, together with the lead- ing brands of flour, table delicacies of every description, and all articles that are pertinent to the family grocery trade. Mr. Bradbury has always made it a rule to handle none but the freshest, purest and most wholesome mer- chandise, and to sell at fair and reasonable prices. Mr. Bradbury is a native of Maine, well and favorably known in this community. Howes & Ford, Fine Job Printers. Com- mercial Work a Specialty, Hani's Block, No. 110 Washington Street. Among the many es- tablishments in this city devoted to the pro- duction of the " art preservative of arts " and of the finer quality of fine job printing, that of Messrs. Howes & Ford, Ham's Block, No. 110 Washington Street, is entitled to prom- inent mention, and although of recent origin it has by the superior quality of its productions become the recipient of a large and influential patronage, such as is not often accorded to older houses in the same line of trade. The gentlemen comprising the firm are Mr. E. L. Howes, a native of Vermont, and Mr. H. A. Ford, who was born in this State. Both are practical printers, and thoroughly versed in all its details. The business was founded origi nally July 7, 1887, at the present location. Their office is of ample dimensions, neatly and appropriately appointed and thoroughly equipped with all the necessary machinery, presses, type, cabinets, frames, etc., belonging to the profession. The types and all the acces- sories of the establishment are of the most modern description, and new styles of fonts of letters are added to stock as they are produced by type founders. Steam power is used in driving the presses. The firm executes every conceivable kind of printing from a business card to a book, devoting especial attention to all kinds of commercial work, and all work is guaranteed to give most thorough satisfaction at the lowest prices consistent with a living, business. Messrs. Howes & Ford cheerfully estimate and execute contracts of any magni- tude for printing of any description, and all orders by mail receive prompt attention. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND 87 Charles W. Wiggiii & Soil, Manufact- urers of, and Dealers in Furniture and Carpet- ings, Chamber Sets, Willowware, Mattresses, Spring Beds, Tables etc., American Hall Build- ing, Franklin Square. This firm are extensive dealers in furniture, carpetings, spring beds, mattresses, curtains, children's carriages and willowware. The business was founded in 1863, and the house has long been headquarters for everything new, useful and desirable in its special line of trade. The premises com- prise two floors and a basement, 50 x 50 feet, with storage rooms connected, 75 x 30 feet, giving ample accommodation for the storage and display of the immense stock that is con- stantly carried. The lines include furniture of every imaginable character, illustrating every phase of production, and ranging in value from the plainest article of common need to the most beautiful and elaborate spec- imens of the genius of the designer and the skill of the artisan. The goods are selected with taste and experienced judgment, secured direct from manufacturers of first-class repu- tation, and embracing parlor, chamber and dining-room sets, office, library, hall and kitchen furniture, sofas, lounges, tables, and a fine assortment of special pieces in wool, silk, brocades, velours and plushes. The carpet department is finely stocked with new designs and patterns in Wiltons, Moquettes, Axmins- ter, Brussels, ingrains and other carpetings from the best looms of Europe and America; also, oil cloths, linoleums, mattings, rugs, etc. The curtains of this firm are in all colors and styles, and are cut and square, so that any lady can make and hang them without trouble. Their trade is lai'ge and active in this city and throughout the surrounding country, requiring the services of a large force of men and teams. The members of the firm, Messrs. Charles W. and Harry M. Wiggin, are both natives of Dover. Mr. Charles W. Wig- gin has represented the city in the State Legisla- ture, has served as alderman and member of the city council, and is vice-president of the board of trade. Mr. Harry M. Wiggin is an ex-councilman and selectman. C. T. Henderson, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Corn, Flour, Meal, Salt, Seeds, and Choice Family Groceries, Henderson's Block, corner Main and Chapel Streets. Among the old-established and popular grocery establish- ments of Dover is that so successfully con- ducted, by Mr. C. T. Henderson, at the corner of Main and Chapel streets. This house was originally founded about 1833, by Mr. S. H. Henderson, father of the present proprietor, who was succeeded by his son, Mr. H. M. Henderson, about 1858,*and in 1870 the present owner assumed control. The premises occu- pied comprise a store and basement, 20 x 80 feet each, finely fitted up and arranged for the reception of customers and the display and storage of goods. The stock comprises the finest staple groceries known to the trade, including teas, coffees and spices; sugars, syrups and molasses; flour, oatmeal and Indian meal, canned goods, fruits, preserves, pickles and condiments; table delicacies of foreign and domestic production, and fresh produce of every kind, corn, meal, salt and seeds. These goods are received direct from manu- facturers and producers of the highest repute, and are offered at prices which preclude suc- cessful competition. The growth and pros- perity of this house is only commensurate with the enterprise and ability of the proprie- tor, who is earnestly engaged in maintaining the character of his goods, and by so doing is able to meet successfully the demands of his large and growing trade. Mr. Henderson is a native of Dover. H. E. Canney, Livery Stable, Locust Street, rear of City Hall. Mr. Canney, who is thoroughly conversant with all matters per- taining to his vocation, founded his enterprise here in 1884, and by energetic and reliable management has built up a reputation and a trade that place him in the front rank of suc- cess in this line. The stable, which is centrally located, is 50 x 60 feet in dimensions, and pos- sesses every modern convenience and facility for conducting the business upon the largest scale. They are models of cleanliness and or- der and well lighted, ventilated and drained. A splendid stock of horses is constantly kept for hire, together with a complete line of car- riages, hacks, buggies and light road wagons, and all orders are promptly filled at any hour of the day or night. Hacks are furnished for weddings and funerals, in charge of careful drivers. Special attention is given the board- ing of horses by the day, week, or month, the best of care being extended by experienced grooms to the equine guests. Mr. Canney is a native of this city, has ever taken an active in- terest in advancing the welfare of the commu- nity, and has done much by his industry to promote the general progress. Dover Steam Laundry, No. 6 Orchard Street. A popular and highly useful institu- tion to which special attention is directed in this article, is the excellent and admirably conducted Dover Steam Laundry, located at No. 6 Orchard Street. This business was founded four years ago by the present enter- prising and prosperous proprietor, Mr. T. G. Hill, and is in all respects a leading and note- worthy establishment of the kind, being among the most reliable and best equipped concerns in this line in the State. From its inception it has proved a positive success. The premises occupied comprise two entire floors, each 20 x 60 feet in dimensions, com- pletely fitted throughout with the most im- proved machinery, appliances, and appurte- nances, and every device pertaining to the business. Steam power is furnished by a four- teen horse-power engine, and employment is given to nine expert hands in the various de- partments. Goods are called for and delivered to any part of the city and its vicinity; all clothes are washed and done up in the most thorough manner. A specialty is made of skirts, collars and cuffs, which are washed, starched, ironed and polished in a very su- perior manner. Reasonable prices prevail and all work is done promptly and satisfactorily. Mr. Hill personally supervises all the opera- tions of the establishment, sees that all work is performed thoroughly and well, and that no cause for complaint is allowed to occur. He is a native of that important manufacturing centre, Biddeford, Maine, and is in every way worthy of public confidence and patronage. TOWN OF ROCHESTER. IT has often been remarked in the presence of the writer that Rochester is the "coming town of New Hampshire." A visit to it, and a careful inspection of its resources and advantages, discloses to the unprejudiced mind many reasons why there is absolute justice in this remark. The town is situated in Strafford County, and comprises the two villages of Rochester and East Rochester. Through the former runs the Boston and Maine Railroad, and through the latter the Portland and Rochester Railroad, giving the town superior trans- portation facilities in both directions. Excellent water power and hydraulic force is furnished both villages by the Salmon River, which turns the wheels of numerous manufacturing establishments that are giving wealth, fame and a future to the town. McDUFFEE'S BLOCK. It is an admitted fact that the true foundation of a town's prosperity are its manufacturing industries. A prosperity based exclusively upon a commercial business must necessarily be ephemeral. A community which, for instance, depends upon any one or more of the great agricultural staples for support and growth is liable to become paralyzed in her energies and interests, not only by failure in the production of such staples, but from their diversion to other points where eligibility gives them the advantage and preference as markets. Such, also, are the fluctuations in prices of articles of produce that no certainty of successful operations can be relied upon, and when uncertain, feverish and exciting speculation under- lies the business of any community, there is no guarantee of permanent or staple pros- perity ; whereas, where manufacturing is carried on successfully there is a steady, healthy TOWN OF ROCHESTER. 89 and substantial growth. This fact finds fitting illustration in the status of Rochester. The water power available for manufacturing purposes here is enormous, and sufficient for present need and prospective increase. There is nothing stagnant in the village of to-day. Everything is moving, and all the inhabitants are encour- aged at the prospects for the future. The streets are lined with grand old trees ; green grass is abundant in yard and lawn, and flowers are everywhere cultivated. The village is well watered, lighted by electric lights on the principal streets, protected from fires by an efficient fire department, guarded from malice and outrage by the vigilance of its citizens, contains no idle hands from necessity, is busy, happy and self- satisfied, delightfully situated in summer and in winter, and a veritable arcadia as a place of residence. It may justly be termed the outgrowth and climax of the civilization of New England ; the realization of the dreams of our ancestors who labored, struggled and fought to plant in this new world municipalities and republics, where equality should reign, where education should be universal, ._. where pauperism should be left out, where life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness should be assured to everyone, whatever his race, color or previous con- dition of servitude. The patrician families of New Hampshire pre- serve their position and command respect according to their deserts. It seems strange and arrogant to assume that the most advanced idea of civilization in the world is typified in such a community as Rochester ; yet such is the fact. This town, from her favorable location, her advantageous sur- roundings, her manufacturing facilities, both natural and ac- quired , her business opportuni- ties, her solidity, her wealth, the TO THE NORTH OF ROCHESTER. intelligence, culture and refine- ment of her people, her excellent sanitary condition, her metropolitan advantages, and the thousand and one things that tend to make a town a desirable place for residence or business, is beginning to attract the attention of people from abroad who have learned of the place. As a result, a tide of capital and business industry and enterprise is gradually settling in this direction, which will assist very materially in building up a city destined at no distant day to take a prominent place amomg the important 90 TOWN OF ROCHESTEK. and populous business centres of the state. Rochester's inhabitants are composed very largely of those belonging to the working or industrial classes, tradesmen, mechanics, " sons of toil." It is essentially a busy town. There are few drones, they do not thrive. There are many wealthy men, and but few really poor. The importance and promise of Rochester as a business centre is, perhaps, not properly appreciated, except by those who have made their residence here, or by those who have maintained business relations with her merchants and manufacturers, which would afford them a fair opportunity of judging. The surround- ing country is peopled with a class of farmers who have, as a rule, grown independent, and are as valuable to the merchants of Rochester as they would be if residents of the village. The solidity of the town in point of healthy growth, socially, morally and intellectually, is, perhaps, not so fully estimated by the general public as it should be. The business of the community has kept steady pace with the marked increase in populations, speaking well for the prudence, foresight and ability of her merchants and business men. Socially and morally Rochester will compare favorably with any town in the state. Her citizens are mainly a church-going people, and as a result her villages are adorned with many hand- some houses of worship. All denominations and creeds are represented. The public schools of Rochester are of a character to cause her citizens to speak of them with pride, and as a natural result the people are of higher moral and intellectual standard. The arts and sciences are carefully fostered, and evidences are to be seen on every hand of culture and refinement, not only of a private character coupled with wealth, but of a public character as well. Her principal streets are broad, smooth and level, lined with thrifty and ornamental trees and flagged sidewalks, making them inviting for driving or the promenade. Many of the business blocks are large and attractive, and the town boasts many handsome residences. The mechanics and laboring men generally own houses of (their own, and houses can be rented at reasonable rates. Her manufacturing facilities, immense water power, and advan- tages as a shipping point, afford the capitalist and manufacturer a brilliant prospect, while her social, moral and educational status combine to render Rochester a most desirable place of residence. A well-established national bank affords all needed monetary accommodation to the mer- chants, manufacturers and business men generally, while two savings institutions have each a liberal list of depositors who are bent upon saving some part of their annual wage or income. A well-conducted local newspaper is generously supported. The fire and police departments are efficiently organized, and the sanitary arrangements of the town are such as to insure the healthy and comfortable conditions of its inhabitants. The industries of the town are varied, and some of them are operated upon an extensive scale. The principal manufacturing interests consist in boots and shoes, leather, cotton and woolen goods, carriages and wagons, and lumber. The population in 1880 was 4,683, but it is claimed that the two Rrchesters, which are now so closely allied in business containing about 8,000 inhabitants. The sketches of the business houses given in the following pages will enable the reader to form a generally accurate notion of the character and extent of these and other indus- tries, and serve to justify the flourishing condition of one of the brightest and pleasantest towns of the Granite State. LEADIXG MANUFACTURERS AXD MERCHANTS. 91 TOWN OF ROCHESTER. Geo. W. Shaw & Co., Central Square. The establishment so successfully conducted by Messrs. Geo. W. Shaw & Co. is recognized as the leading drug store in Rochester. It was estab- lished some twelve years ago by Mr. S. F. San- derson, who was succeeded by the present firm January 8, 1887. It is an elegant establishment in every way, and a splendid stock of goods is shown in every line of the business. The pure and superior assortment of drugs, medicines and pharmaceutical preparations are supplied from the most reputable sources and are selected with special reference to strength and freshness. In the line of novelties in perfumery, toilet articles and holiday goods, the enterprise of the proprie- tors has placed within the reach of their patrons the best articles that money can purchase. The house is perfectly equipped for its specialty of prescriptions, and absolute accuracy is assured in all cases. This is also headquarters for books and stationery, fine cigars, soda and mineral waters, and a corps of competent assistants con- tribute to the satisfactory operations of the house. Popular prices prevail. The firm is com- posed of Messrs. George W. Shaw and A. W. Pierce, both natives of Portland, Me. Bailey & Davis, Manufacturers of and Dealers in Stove and Kitchen Goods, etc. The business of this reliable house was inaugurated five years ago by Mr. Charles E. Ricker, and con- ducted by him until January, 1887, when the present firm succeeded to the ownership. The premises used for the requirements of the busi- ness consist of a building having three floors each 20x75 feet in dimensions, admirably arranged throughout, and equipped with the most approved conveniences and accommodations. A number of store-houses are situated to the rear of this build- ing. The salesroom is well fitted up, and contains a large, very superior stock of reliable goods, the assortment embracing the finest mod- ern American stoves, furnaces, ranges and heaters of all kinds, kitchen utensils, glass, brittania, tin and wooden ware, watches, table cutlery and plated ware, also plumbing supplies of every description. A staff of experienced workmen are employed and a specialty is made of water piping, plumbing, tin roofing, guttering, spouting, and general jobbing. All work is performed promptly and thoroughly and satisfaction with the just prices charged is always guaranteed. The co- partners, are Mr. C. M. Bailey and Zachias Davis. Mr. Bailey is a resident of Pittsfield, N. H., and the business in this city is under the man- agement of Mr. Davis, who is practically ac- quainted with all the details of his vocation. Jones & Gordon, Millinery and Small Wares, Grange Block. The establishment o*" 92 Jones & Gordon is the popular metropolitan shopping place for the ladies of Rochester and vicinity. Although established at so recent a date as April, 1887, it has become the chief source of supply in this section for artistic millinery merchandise, including trimmed hats and bon- nets, all the latest styles and shapes in untrim- med goods, fine French flowers, ostrich plumes and tips, rich ribbons and laces, straw and silk goods, feathers, ornaments and trimmings, ruch- ings in nearly one hundred different styles ; also, Foster kid gloves, veiling, tissue, barege, and laces, ladies' and gents' collars and cuffs; hosiery, corsets, ham burgs, lace edges, yarns, worsteds, etc. This firm also call the attention of the gentlemen to " the best fifty cent shirt in the state, the best seventy-five cent shirt in the United States, and the best one dollar shirt in the world." This is a new store, with new goods, the latest styles, and under enterprising and progressive management. A corps of milliners whose skill is unsurpassed are in attendance, ready to exe- cute all orders in a prompt and satisfactory manner. In prices, as well as in quality and styles of goods, this firm are prepared to compete successfully with any of their contemporaries in the trade. The store is spacious, well lighted, completely stocked, and elegant in all its arrange- ments. The firm is composed of Mr. H. C. Jones and Miss W. E. Gordon, both experienced in this line of trade. A. L. Richards, Dry and Fancy Goods, etc., No. 1 Richard's Block, Main Street. The leading source of supply in E. Rochester for dry and fancy goods, jewelry, ladies' and gents' furnish- ing goods, etc., is the establishment of Mr. A. L. Richards. The business was oriuinallv estab- lished in 1879 by Mr. E. L. Fauuce. who was suc- ceeded three years after by Mrs. Fauuce, and in 1885 the present proprietor took possession. A large and diversified stock is carried, embracing dry goods of every description, and those kindred articles that lend such charm and varietyMo the assortment. All the lines are choice, fresh and complete, the dress goods, silks, satins, white and fancy goods being particularly rich. New hosiery is shown for ladies and children, plain, striped and fancy, from cheap domestic to finest French goods ; hook and button kid gloves, in opera, black and colors, and cashmere and silk gloves in all the new shades ; underwear in scarlet and white for ladies, misses and infants ; corsets, bus- tles and hoop skirts; dress trimmings and all the latest novelties in fancy goods for ladies, and in genlemen's neckwear, white and colored shirts, jewelry of all kinds, ribbons and laces. Prices are low and attractive, and the trade is large and active is and constantly increasing. Mr. JK ichnrds is a native of Rochester. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 93 Breed Shoe Company, Wakefield street. A very popular and well-known establishment in Rochester, is that of the Breed Shoe Company, which was founded some three years ago as a branch of the Francis W. Breed manufactory of Lynn, Mass. The factory is a three-story Irame building, 46x150 feet in dimensions. It is ad- mirably fitted up and thoroughly equipped with the latest improved machinery incident to the business, and this is operated by a 30 horse power steam engine. The establishment is a scene of busy industry, between two hundred and fifty or three hundred hands being permanently em- ployed. The products of this concern consist principally of cheap grades of women's and miss- es' button and polished shoes, machine stitched, all of which are made of the very best quality of material, in the latest and most fashionable styles, adapted to the wants of first-clans retailers and jobbers. Mr. J. L. Wetherell, formerly of Lynn, and who has had fifty-one year's experience in the shoe manufacturing business, is the superin- tendent of the factory. All the operations are conducted under his personal and immediate su- pervision, and the proprielors are thus enabled to insure complete satisfaction to their customers in every particular. The trade extends to all parts of the country, but the bulk of the products of the factory is shipped to the south and west. All orders receive prompt attention. The stand- ing of F. W. Breed as a shoe manufacturer in the boot and shoe trade of the country is exception- ally high, and well-known throughout the country. The Globe Tea, Coffee and Variety Store, Wilder B. Neal, Proprietor, Cocheco Block. This favorite concern was founded four years ago by the present owner. The fine, roomy store occupied has a capacity of 20x70 feet, is fitted up in the most approved modern style, hav- ing every convenience for the prosecution of busi- ness, and it is filled to its utmost extent with a full and complete stock of the finest china and Japan teas, Java, Mocha and South America coffees, all of the freshest, purest quality, war- ranted strictly unadulterated and free from all deleterious substances. The stock also includes every description of crockery, variety goods and holiday merchandise, etc., in toys, games, etc. The prices are reasonable and low in all the de- partments. Mr. Neal, who is a native of Farm- ington, Maine, has long resided in this city. James H. Edgerly, Undertaker, Main Street. Mr. James H. Edgerly has been estab- lished as an undertaker hero since 1840. As a furnishing undertaker and embalmer, Mr. Ed- gerly has unsurpassed facilities for rendering prompt, reliable and successful service. He ca- ters to all classes of the community, and furnishes everything necessary for the plainest or most imposing funeral ceremonies. He is prompt in meeting every engagement, performs his duties with accuracy, judgment and propriety, and can always be depended upon in all matters pertain- ing to the last sad rites of burial. He makes it a rule to charge only moderate prices, and keeps on hand the largest stock of coffins, caskets and other funeral supplies in the county. Mr. Ed- gerly is a native of New Hampshire and a resi- dent of Rochester for many years. E. G. & E. \Vallace, Manufacturers of Leather, Boots and Shoes. Worthy of special prominence in these pages is a record of the es- tablishment of Messrs. E. G. & E. Wallace, man- ufacturers of leather, boots and shoes. This con- cern is the most extensive and popular one in its line in this section of the country, and during the whole of its long career it has met with, as it has deserved, the most pronounced success. The firm began business here as tanners thirty-three years ago, and from a small beginning the tannery has grown until the works now cover an area of five acres and afford permanent employment to about one hundred and fifty hands. The firm make a specialty of upper leather of various kinds, and produce about the amount of one thousand sides per week. Twenty-five years ago the firm added to this enterprise the manufacture of boots and shoes, and in this branch their efforts have been attended w r ith equally remarkable suc- cess. The business grew year by year until now it is the leading one in the State, requiring the constant employment of five hundred operatives. The firm have two factories for their boot and shoe trade. One of these is a three-story brick building 36x179 feet in dimensions, with a wing 36x65 feet. The second building is a four- story brick structure 50x120 feet in measurement. The mechanical equipments are the best that skill and capital can produce, and the machinery is operated by a steam engine of 120 horse power. The manufactures of the establishment consist of men's heavy boots and shoes, and of women's shoes and slippers, mostly of the cheaper grades. The firm cater to the western and north-western trade, and their goods have a high reputation in the market for quality, style, durability and cheapness. Some 4,000 pairs of shoes are turned out daily. The firm are always in a position to fill orders with the utmost promptitude, and their standing in the market is beyond question. The proprietors are brothers and are natives of Berwick, Me. Their large concerns, affording employment to seven hundred hands, are monu- ments to their skill ana enterprise, and to their energy Rochester owes much of its present pros- perity. Glendoii House. East Rochester's only hostelry is the Glendon House, and as the pro- prietor, Mr. John W. Tebbetts, k'nows how to make his guests comfortable, and as his customers have learned where good cheer and entertainment are to be had at the most reasonable rates, he is favored constantly with a large patronage. Mr. Tebbetts built the hotel and opened it in July. 1878. It is a three-story frame building, and it is handsomely furnished, finely appointed and thoroughly equipped with the most improved modern appliances and accommodations. All the chambers are well ventilated, heated and lighted, and possess every convenience. There is accommo- dation for forty guests and the house is successfully run on the temperance plan. A splendid table is kept The cuisine is unrivalled, the catering for it being conducted on a basis of liberality, insures only the best of everything in the market. Mr. Tebbetts is a native of Dover, and has resided in East Rochester for thirty-seven years, and is widely known as a most genial and successful host. 94 TOWN OF RO CHESTER. S. Wolf & Co., Merchant Tailors and Deal- ers in Ready Made Clothing, Gents' Furnishing Goods, etc. A leading and noteworthy firm in Rochester is that of Messrs. S. Wolf & Co., mer- chant tailors, clothiers and outfitters. Here can always be found an exceedingly fine assortment of suitings, men's, boys' and children's clothing, and a complete line of gents' furnishings, head- wear and kindred articles at the lowest prices, while the custom garments made here are Al in every feature of merit, in cut, fit, finish and ma- terial. This w T ell-ordered and flourishing store was established about sixteen years ago by the pushing and popular firm whose name heads the sketch. The premises occupied for business pur- poses comprise two 40x40 feet floors, neatly fitted up and tastefully arranged, and an extensive and Al stock is constantly carried, embracing elegant imported and domestic fabrics, woolens and worsteds, cassimeres, cloths, checks, plaids. serges, meltons, cheviots, suitings, vestings and trimmings in great variety ; also, ready-made clothing of every size, style and pattern, fine dress shirts, novelties in neckwear, underclothing, hats, caps, trunks, valises, umbrellas, blankets, robes and full line of men's furnishing goods. Several polite and efficient clerks attend to the wants of customers, while some sixteen or more skilled and expert hands are employed. Mr. Wolf, who is sole proprietor, is a gentleman in the prime of life, and was born in Germany, but has resided in this country many years. He is a practical and expert workman himself, with long and thorough experience in the exercise of his art. Mr. Wolf is agent for the light running Domestic sewing machine, which is very popular in the home circle. He is also interested in a large store in Brockton, Mass., in the same line of business. F. Feineman, Merchant Tailor, No. 1 Mc- Duffee Block. The pioneer house in the clothing trade in Rochester is that now so successfully conducted by Mr. F. Feineman, at No. 1 Mc- Duffee Block. The business was founded in 1851, by Messrs. S. H. Feineman & Bro. The present proprietor was a member of the original firm, and succeeded to the sole control in 1870. He is a merchant tailor of large experience and high reputation, and also deals extensively in men's, boys' and children's ready-made clothing, hats, caps, trunks, valises and gents' furnishing goods. In the tailoring department is shown one of the best stocks of cloths and trimmings in this sec- tion, complete in material, design and novelty, and the very best sources of American and Euro- pean production have contributed to its wealth. The garments made here are simply perfect ion in style, fit and artistic workmanship, and to seek the services of this house once is to be its patron always. The stock of ready-made clothing is full and complete, and the finer grades are equal to the best custom work in fit, finish, elegance and fashion. The latest styles in hats and caps are always displayed, and the line of gentlemen's fur- nishings include all the novelties in neckswear, underwear, hosiery, gloves, white and colored shirts, handkerchiefs, collars and cuffs, known to the trade. Employment is furnished to twenty- five hands. Mr. Feineman is a gentleman whose reputation and standing, as a citizen and merchant, is established beyond the requirements of praise. The Mansion House, Main Street. The Mansion House in Rochester occupies a niche in the esteem and popularity of this community peculiarly its own. It has recently been re- modelled and refurnished by the present pro- prietor, Mr. E. T. Cotton, and has now entered upon a new lease of life under the most favorable auspices. The elegance of the house and the beauty of its situation impresses the stranger at the first glance as being a first-class hotel in all respects. It was first opened to the public in 1867, by Mr. S. D. Wentworth. It is three stories in height, with a splendid verandah on two sides, and beautifully shaded by grand old trees that completely shut out the sun's rays in summer, and gives the house the appearance of a veritable summer resort. No luxury afforded in situation, surroundings, cuisine or modern conveniences in any hotel is lacking at the Mansion House. \i is situated just outside the busiest portion of the town, in its best residence domain, within easy reach of the depot, and is convenient alike to the permanent patron, the commercial tourist and the transient guest. The house is lighted in front by electric light, heated inside by steam throughout, and is provided with electric call bells communicating with the office. The cuisine of the Mansion House is especially worthy of mention, being under the most experienced management and kept up to the highest standard of excellence. First-class accommodations are furnished for fifty guests, and the terms are fixed at the low rate of $2. per day. Mr. Cotton is one of the best-known hotel men in this section, and his accession to the maragement of this house insures it renewed success and increased prosperity. He is also the proprietor of the Wil- son house at Farmington, one of the model hotels of New England, built by Mr. Cotton himself, and perfect in all its appointments and arrange- ments for the comfort and convenience of the traveling public. It is under the management of Mr. H. S. Cotton, son of the proprietor, and a day and a night at the house is a pleasant experience. Mr. Cotton has associated with him, in the management of the Mansion House, Mr. Nat. Ham, who is also a popular and experienced host, and is earnestly devoted to the promotion of the comfort of all who stay at this well con- ducted hostelry. K. Frank Tibbets, Watches, Clocks, Jew- elry, Wentworth Block. This gentleman is a watchmaker and jeweler of large experi- ence and established reputation, and has been engaged in the business here since 1882. His store is spacious in size, attractive in all its ap- pointments, and perfect in convenience of arrange- ment for inspection and sale. In watches, clocks, bronzes, jewelry, solid silver and plated ware, a line of which he has manufactured for his OWD trade, and which he guarantees to be superior ta anthingy in the market at the same price, specta- cles, eyeglasses and general optical goods, and m pocket cutlery and fine holiday goods. Mr. Tib- bets is agent for the Columbus watch, and carries every American make in all the different grades and prices. He pays particular attention to watch, clock and jewelry repairing and engraving. Mr. Tibl>ets is a native of Gloucester, Mass., and is rec- ognized as an accomplished master of his trade. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 95 E. N. Thorne, Dry and Fancy Goods, Nos. 3 and 4 McDuffee Block, Central Square. The improvements that have taken place in the dry goods industry have made establishments en- gaged that trade to become veritable bazaars, re- flecting the manufacturing progress of every na- tion. A leading headquarters in this line in Rochester is the establishment of Mr. E. N. Thorne at Nos. 3 and 4 McDuffee Block, on Main street. Mr. Thorne is an extensive dealer in foreign and domestic dry and fancy goods, and has been established in business here since 1883. The premises occupied for trade purposes com- prise a store and basement 40x75 feet each, giving an abundance of room for supplying the largest demands. The store is very attractive in all its appointments, and perfect in convenience of ar- rangement for inspection and sale. The stock is complete and carefully selected in every line, dis- playing all the materials that have been made popular by personal preference or the decrees of fashion, and equal attention is given to every assortment. In the dress goods department is shown a full line of black and colored silks, satins, Rhadamaux, ottomans, velvets, plushes, velveteens, cashmeres, camel's hair cloth, dress flannels and fancy dress goods, while all the new fabrics and shades are added as soon as they ap- pear in the market. The line of housekeeping goods comprises table linens, towels, napkins, muslins, blankets, yarns and flannels at lower prices than ever. In ladies furnishings is dis- played a fine assortment of new hosiery, plain, striped and fancy, from cheap domestic to finest French goods ; mosquetaire, hook and button kid gloves in opera, black and colors, also cash- mere and silk gloves in all the new shades; un- derwear in scarlet and white for ladies, misses and infants, and corsets, bustles and hoop skirts. The cloak department is filled with choice selec- tions of new and novel shapes, in all the different makes of material, guaranteed to be the finest fitting garments to be found anywhere, in plush, silk and cloth, Paletots, Russian circulars, dol- mans, stockinet jackets, etc. Special pains are taken to secure the latest novelties in trimmings and fancy goods, and the quality and desirability of the stock is ably maintained throughout. Mr. Thorne is a native of Maine, and accounted among those young, enterprising business men upon whom the continued development of this community rests. I. S. Howe, Livery and Sale Stable, Market Street. Mr. Howe founded his business here ten years ago, meeting with deserved success from the outset. The stable is spacious, properly lighted, thoroughly drained and ventilated, and free from all noxious odors. The fine horses kept for hire are all in excellent condition, are stylish in appearance, while the carriages, hacks, buggies, etc., are comfortable and of fashionable designs. The finest turnouts are furnished from this stable at the most reasonable charges, and all orders, received any hour of the day or night, are given immediate attention. Carriages are furnished for funerals, weddings, balls, or other occasions, and satisfactory services are guaranteed in every instance. Mr. Howe, who is a native of Rochester, devotes his entire time to the direction of his affairs. Dodge's Hotel, Central Square. One of the especially noteworthy landmarks in Rochester, is that popular hostelry, Dodge's Hotel, which has been in existence for over half a century. The place was first opened in 1834 by Mr. Jonathan F. Dodge, and was conducted by him with unin- terrupted success until 1871, when his death oc- curred, and Mr. J. F. Dodge Jr., succeeded to the control. This gentleman, who was born in Rochester and has always resided here, has been brought up in the hotel business, and under- stands perfectly the best methods of meeting the wants of the traveling public. The house is a substantial three-story brick structure, hand- somely furnished and thoroughly equipped in every respect with all modern improvements and conveniences. It contains forty well furnished, airy and neatly kept rooms, while the sanitary arrangements and general appointments are fully in keeping with the rest of the building. There is an excellent dining-room, where the choicest of viands, satisfactorily cooked, are served in the most tempting style. A bar, well stocked with superior wines and liquors, is also a noticeable feature of the establishment. The terms are but $2 per day. A first-class livery stable is run in connection with the house, from which stylish teams can be had at reasonable prices. Mr. Dodge devotes his best attention to looking after the interests of his patrons and is a genial host. J. J. Meader, Custom and Ready Made Clothing, and Gents' Furnishing Goods, Main Street, Opposite M. E. Church. This house was established originally in 1840, by Mr. Thos. E. Davis, a man of superior business ability, and noted for his honorable and square dealing, and from the date of its inception has received a very liberal patronage. The high reputation of the concern has been eminently sustained by his suc- cessors, the present proprietor who came into possession in 1869. His store is of ample dimen- sions, neatly and attractively fitted up and sup- plied with every facility for conducting his busi- ness. He keeps constantly on hand a very carefully selected assortment of foreign and domestic piece goods, embracing broadcloths, cassimeres, suitings, worsteds, plain, mottled and striped of the latest and most fashionable season- able patterns from which his patrons can select, and which are made up in the best and most artistic style to order, and though faultless in cut, finish and quality, will always be reasonable in price. Mr. Meader employs a thoroughly practical tailor and artistic cutter, and none but the most skilful and proficient workmen are em- ployed. He likewise carries an assortment of ready made clothing, which is made up from the best productions of domestic looms by skilled designers and workmen, and the goods are made up in every particular with the same skill, care and attention that are bestowed on the same class of garments by merchant tailors to order. His stock of furnishing goods is full and complete, comprising fine white and fancy colored dress shirts, neckwear of the latest and most fashion- able designs, underwear, hosiery, gloves, etc. He is also agent for Lewando's dyeing and scour- ing establishment of Boston, also of the city laundry of Lynn, Mass., and all orders left with him will receive prompt attention. 96 TO WN OF ROCHESTER. A. S. Parshley, Insurance, Main Street. The leading insurance agency in Rochester is that conducted by Mr. A. S. Pashley, on Main street. This gentleman established his business here in 1870, and has built up a high reputation and a large and influential patronage throughout all this section. He represents all the mutual and stock fire insurance companies in New Hampshire, including the New Hampshire, the People's and the Fire Underwriters, of Manchester; the Granite State, of Portsmouth ; the Capitol, of Nashua ; and the Mascoma, of Lebanon. He does also a large brokerage business in this vicinity, and is prepared at all times to place the largest risks, distributing the same in the most judicious manner, quoting the lowest rates of premium, and guaranteeing a prompt and liberal adjustment of all losses. He is eminently popu- lar with the property owuers and business men of this section, and controls the insuring of many of the choicest lines of business and residential property in the community. The interests of policy holders are carefully watched and safely guarded, and his dealings with the public are reliable and trustworthy in all respects. Mr. Parhsley is a native of Stafford N. H., in the prime of life, and highly esteemed in social and business circles. He served twelve years as chair- man of the Board of Selectmen, receiving all the votes cast by all parties, except forty-seven. This is a pleasing tiibute to the popularity and high esteem in which he is placed in his own town. Hotel Wrisley, Hanson Street ; Buelduc & Thurston, Proprietors. One of the most popular stopping places in this section of the state, and a particular favorite with commercial travelers, is the Hotel Wrisley. This well-known hostelry was first opened to the public in 1881, by Mrs. Roberts, continuing in her charge until until June, 1884, when the present proprietors, Messrs. J. A. Buelduc and T. L. Thurston, succeeded tothecon- trol. These gentlemen, the latter of whom was formerly connected with the Mansion House of Rochester, have had long and thorough experience in hotel management, are perfectly conversant with the wants of the traveling public, and have satisfactorily catered to their demands. They have w r on an excellent, widespread reputation, and enjoy an extensive, first-class patronage. The Wrisley is a fine three-story building, having di- mensions of 30x80 feet, and its interior fittings and furnishings are complete in every particular. The house is lighted by gas, heated by steam through- out, and provided with electric call bells commu- nicating with the office. The dining room, billiard room, parlor, office and bar, the latter well stocked with choice wines and liquors, are all convenieniently located on the first floor, while the two upper floors are devoted to sleeping apart- ments, which are well lighted and ventilated, and are kept turnished with clean bedding. The cuisine is especially worthy of commendation, being under the most experienced management, and kept up to a standard of excellence. A first-class livery stable is run in connection with the hotel, and good teams are furnished at reasonable prices. The Wrisley's terms are commendably low, and all who put up here will find Messrs. Buelduc & Thurston estimable gentlemen to deal with, and most painstaking, genial hosts. Worcester & Greenfield, Books, Central Square. The popular headquarters in Rochester for books, stationery, periodicals and literature of all kinds is the establishment of Messrs. Worces- ter & Greenfield, on Central Square. The busi- ness was originally established about fifteen years ago by Mr. I. D. Mooney, the present proprietors succeeding to the control in 1881. To the stran- ger, from its literary attractiveness, it is a place not to be overlooked, while it is the chief rendez- vous to the literature-loving people of this com- munity. To drop in here for the daily paper and a glimpse at the last new book or magaziue is an every-day duty with the majority of the people resident here. The stock is large, choice and complete in every department, including the works of standard authors in prose and poetry, the latest publications of English and American writers, in fine bindings and pocket style ; toys, games, picture books, writing desks, portfolios, leather goods, and desirable gifts for the holidays in great variety and profusion. The firm also have a circulating library, containing six hundred volumes, which is very liberally patronized by both old and young. There is also a fine assort- ment of cigars, tobacco and confectionery, and the store is the headquarters in Rochester for the Boston daily and state papers. The members of the firm, Messrs. H. L. Worcester and Frank Greenfield, are young men of enterprise and pop- ularity J. G. Morrill & Co., Groceries and Grain .' Nos. 63 and 65 Main Street, Odd Fellows' Block. By a careful examination of the commercial facilities enjoyed by the merchants of Rochester, we are led to make special reference to the house of Messrs J. G. Morill & Co., as a representative one in the line of groceries and grain. Its rank has has been secured by enterprise, energy and reliable business methods. It is located at Nos. 63 and 65 Main street, in Odd Fellows' Block, and was opened to the public by this firm in 1884. The premises occupied comprise a double store and basement, 60x60 feet each, with an L 15x6(J feet, and a store-house 22x60 feet, giving ample accommodations for the large stock that is con- stantly carried, and for the prosecution of the business upon an extensive scale. Even the most casual observer, upon visiting this house, cannot fail to be impressed with the extent, system and completeness of the establishment, and it may be safely asserted that in quantity, quality freshness and variety the stock carried here has no superior in this section. In the line of family groceries the firm deal in the finest teas, the purest coffees and spices, the leading brands of flour, sugars, syrups and molasses, canned goods in great variety, preserves, smices and table delicacies of the most desireable kind. The stock of grain is always large, choice and complete, received direct from the hands of the producer, and sold, both at wholesale and retail, at the lowest market prices. Goods are promptly delivered, and customers are assured complete satisfaction not only in the character of the goods but in manifest advantages in terms and prices. The firm is composed of Messrs. J. G. Morrill, a native of Maine. C. F. Caverly and J. L. Swain, both natives of Roches- ter, and well and favorably known in this com- munity for their energy and enterprise. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 97 W. C. Sanborn, Apothecary, No. 5 McDuf- fee Block. A representative establishment in the drug and prescription trade of Rochester is that conducted by Mr. W. C. Sanborn, at No. 5 McDuffee Block, on Main street. The premises occupied for trade purposes comprises a spacious store and finely equipped laboratory, all replete with everything required to constitute a complete first-class drug and prescription establishment. The extensive and well- selected stock embraces a full line of pure drugs, chemicals and medicines, fine perfumery, toilet articles and fancy goods, and a carefully assorted stock of such patent or proprietary medicines as are known to possess healing virtues and curative properties devoid of deleterious or injurious elements. The com- pounding of physicians* prescriptions and family recipes receive that careful and intelligent profes- sional attention which their important character so imperatively demands. A specialty is made of the manufacture of Sanborn's Kidney Rem- edy, which has a wide sale and is highly recom- mended for its remedial qualifications. The store is ably managed in all departments, and a force of competent assistants attend to those gen- eral duties that make communication with the establishment both pleasant and profitable. Mr. Sanborn is a native of New Hampshire, in the prime of life, and recognized as an accomplished pharmacist, and a reliable and responsible busi- ness man. I. A. Collins, Photographer, Hanson Street. Mr. I. A. Collins, photographer and expert por- trait artist, of Hanson street, is by common con- sent the leading exponent of his profession in the city, and the pictures produced at his admirably conducted and deservedly popular studio are Al in every respect, in fidelity to original, in design, execution and finish. Mr. Collins, who is a native of Corinth, Vermont, has for many years been actively identified with his present voca- tion, is a thorough master of all its branches, and since he founded his enterprise in this city in March, 1885, has built up a large, first-class patronage. The premises occupied comprise a salesroom and operating gallery, each 25x60 feet in dimensions and provided with every accommo- dation. The salesroom is filled with a large stock of picture frames, mouldings, albums, pic- ture stands, cord, ".etc., displayed in attractive order. Mr. Collins executes photographic work , of all kinds, including crayon, pastel, water colors, jlndia ink, oils, and kindred work of every variety, views, buildings, moving objects, etc., fine portraits, however, being the specialty. J. H. Meserve, Manufacturer of Lumber, Mouldings, etc., also Dealer in Glazed Windows, Blinds, etc. The leading representative of the building trade is Mr. J. H. Meserve, who is well and widely known as a manufacturer of lumber, mouldings, window frames, doors, brackets, stair rails, etc., and also as an extensive dealer in lum- ber, glazed windows, blinds, sash, etc. He in- augurated his enterprise here in June, 1876, and has achieved a reputation and acquired a trade that places him in the front rank of enterprise and success in this section of the country. His business premises cover about one acre of ground, and comprise a large lumber yard and a well- equipped planing mill, provided with three pla- ners, a double surfacer and matcher, two steam engines, one for planing, 45 horse power, and one for sawing, 40 horse power, and two boilers, while employment is given to twenty skilled and expert hands. A large stock of lumber, both dressed and in the rough, is constantly carried, together with a splendid assortment of builders' materials, outside and inside hard-wood and fine finish, in regular sizes, while the facilities of the house are such that special sizes are promptly manufactured to order. From April 1st to Aug- ust 1st, this house received fifty-three car loads of lumber to supply the demands of its trade, which is both wholesale and retail and extend- ing throughout the entire state, besides a large local demand. Specialties are made of mouldings, windows, brackets and stair rails, and of glazed windows to order. Mr. Meserve is a native of Rochester. W. J. Babbidge, Boots and Shoes, Grange Block. One of the largest and most popular boot aud shoe establishments in Rochester is that of Mr. Warren J. Babbidge,in the new Grange block, on Market street. He owns two other stores, one in Springvale, Me., and the other in Portsmouth, N. H. This enterprise was inaugurated in March, 1887, by Messrs. Babbidge & Foss, the present proprietor succeeding to the sole control in July following. The store is one of the most spacious and attractive in town, and is supplied with every modern convenience. The amplitude of the stock which is here displayed ranks the house as a leader in its line of trade, and commends it the favor and patronage of all. The assortment com- prises boots, shoes, rubbers and slippers for men, women, misses, youths, boys and children, in all the various styles, grades and sizes known to the trade. The connections of the proprietor with manufacturers of the highest repute enable him to offer his customers the rarest inducements as re- gards excellence of stock and economy of prices. Repairing is neatly and promptly executed, and the patronage is growing rapidly. Mr. Babbidge carries on a large jobbing trade throughout Maine and New Hampshire. S. Stringer, Manufacturer of Soda and Min- eral Waters, Belfast Ginger Ale,Tonic, etc., Hanson Street, Basement of Hotel Wrisley. Mr. Stringer founded his enterprise three years ago, and, owing to the superiority of his productions has built up a large, first-class trade, having patrons in all parts of the state, and being particularly heavy in the White mountains. The premses occupied are fitted up in the most approved manner having every appliance and modern apparatus necessary for the purposes of the business. Mr. Stringer employs a number of experienced assistants and manufactures in large quantities soda aud mineral waters of all kinds, Belfast ginger ale, tonic, ginger, pineapple, birch and root beers, lager, etc. Only the best materials are used in the production and the beverages made here are noted for their fineness of flavor, and general excellence. A heavy stock is constantly kept on hand and every facility is possessed for the prompt fulfilment of orders. Mr. Stringer, who is a native of Portsmouth, this state, is thorougly deserving of the great success that is attending his efforts. 98 TOWN OF ROCHESTER. Abbott & Webber, Choice Family Gro- ceries, No. 2 Blaisdell's Block, East Rochester. This business was first established in March, 1886, by Mr. C. M. Abbott, the present firm being organized the following year. The firm occupy a large and commodious store, and carry a splen- did stock of goods at all times. This stock in- cludes the well-known and popular French pat- ent and Old Honesty brands of floor, the best and purest teas, coffees and spices, the sweetest but- ter, the freshest eggs, canned goods in great vari- ety, fancy pickets and jellies, candiments and table luxuries, besides a choice and complete line of cigars, tobacco and confectionery. The firm also deal in boots and shoes for men's, women's, misses', youths' and children's wear, suited to the tastes and the means of all classes of buyers, and received direct from the best manufacturers, and customers have the satisfaction of knowing that nothing inferior or adulterated will be offered them. Goods are promptly delivered, and the lowest prices invariably pievail. The firm is composed of Messrs. C. M. Abbott and A. D. Webber, both natives of Maine. W. G. Bradley, Boots, Shoes, Rubbers and Shoe Findings, Central Square. This gentleman has been engaged in business here since 1879, and also operates branch establishments at Newbnry- port aud Salem, Mass. He occupies large and finely-appointed quarters, and has unsurpassed facilities for conducting the business systematic- ally and successfully and upon a large scale. His stock is one of the largest and finest in this section, and comprises boots, shoes, rubbers and si ippers for men, women, misses, youth, boys and children, in all the various styles, grades and sizes, suited to the tastes and the means of all classes of people. The productions of the leading manufactories in New England are represented in the stock, and the prices which prevail are so eminently fair and reasonable as to add materially to the popu- larity of the house. Repairing of all kinds is promptly attended to, and a corps of competent clerks and salesmen contribute to the satisfactory operations of the house. Mr. Bradley is a native of Massachusetts, and a gentleman of large expe- rience in the shoe trade. He is a self made man ; he started business on his own account at eleven years of age, and now, in his thirty-ninth year, he owns three stores and real estate besides, to the amount of $10,000. "W. W. Sinclair, Fruit, Nnts and Confection- ery, Tobacco and Cigars, East Rochester. Mr. Sinclair founded his business in 1886, and has built np a first-class custom, his establishment being held in popular favor. The commodins store occupied, which has au area of 20x60 feet, is fitted up in the most approved style, contains a large, carefully selected stock of choice merchandise, the assortment comprising the finest foreign and do- mestic fruits and nuts, raisins, plain and fancy candies and confectionery, all the favorite brands of smoking tobaccos, and a full variety of Havana Key West and domestic cigars. The stock is com- plete in all the departments, nnd is always kept up to the highest standard. The proprietor is a native of Maine. He is untiring in his devotion to his patrons interests, and always strives to give the best goods for the least money. Henry M. Kelley, Manufacturer and Dealer in Stoves, Tinware, Hardwaie, Pumps, etc., Market Street. This gentleman is an exten- sive dealer in stoves, tinware, hardware, pumps, lead pipe and kitchen furnishing goods, and a plumber, gas and steam fitter of large experience and established reputation. He also attends promptly to job work in tin, brass, copper and sheet iron. His premises are spacious and well equipped for manufacturing and trade purposes, and every convenience is at hand for the prompt and perfect fulfilment of all orders. His stock of stoves comprises the best makes embodying all the latest improvements in both heating and cooking, while the several lines include all the implements, utensils and tools needed by the housekeeper, the builder, the mechanic and the farmer in this line of trade. Plumbers' goods of all kinds are also for sale, and all work in that line is performed skillfully and to the entire sat- isfaction of customers. Mr. Kelley is a native of New Hampshire, in the prime of life and of large practical experience. J. Walker, Dry Goods and Groceries, Flour, Grain, etc, East Rochester. Mr. J. Walker, for the past seventeen years has been engaged as a dealer in general merchandise. He has built up a large, permanent trade through the employment of honest representation and by handling none but goods which he could conscien- tiously commend to the public^ The fine store ' occupied has a capacity of 50x50 feet, is equipped in the most approved style for the requirements of the trade, and is stocked to repletion with an extensive assortment of dry and fancy goods of every description, notions, small wares, etc., choice staple and fancy groceries, fruits, vege- tables, dairy products, canned goods, grain and feed, etc. The finest family flour, including such brands as Haxall, Washburu nnd Old Honesty, is always kept on hand. All purchases are deliv- ered free of charge to any part of the c-ity nnd its vicinity. Mr. Walker, who is a native of Maine, but has long resided in this city, is a merchant of acknowledged talent and ability. H. N. Plummer, Manufacturer of Light and Heavy Harness, etc., Hanson Street, Opposite the Post Office. Attention is directed to thewell- kept and reliable emporium of H. N. Plumraer, manufacturer of light and heavy harness of all kinds, and dealer in horse blankets, robes, whips, brushes, combs, etc. Mr. Plnmmer, who is a native of Farnington, Me., and a practical and expert workman, with many years experience in the exercise of his arts, started this thriving business here in 1883 and at once established himself in public favor and confidence well deserved, building up in a short while a very liberal and flattering patronage. He occu- pies a n-.'at and compact store and shop, and employs three skilled hands, fine cus- tom work being a specialty and a complete and superior stock is constantly carried, in- cluding harness of every style and variety, collars, whips, blankets, lap robes, fly nets, combs, brushes, sponges, chamois, snaps, etc., while re- pairing, cleaning and oiling also are executed neatly and promptly, and altogether, a flourish- ing trade is done. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 99 George H. Clough, Watches, Clocks and Jewelry, New Grange Block. A newly estab- lished concern is that of Mr. George H. Clough, who is a practical and experienced jeweler and established this house ia March, 1887, and from the date of its inception has received very liberal and substantial patronage, such as is not often accorded to much older houses. His store is of ample dimensions, very neatly and appropri- ately appointed. He carries a very well selected stock stock of fine watches, of American and Euro- pean watches from the most celebrated makers, and a general assortment of all kinds rich and beautiful jewelry, comprising finger and ear- rings, both plain and ornamental, brouches, brace- lets, b.mgles, watch chains and charms, lockets, necklaces, rare stones set in the latest and most unique styles, silver and plated ware, foreign and domestic clocks, eye-glases, spectacles, opera- glases and other ^oods. These articles have been selected with great care and warranted to be as represented in every particular and are sold at the most reasonable prices. Mr. Clough is a prac- tical jeweler and is prepared to do all kinds re- pairing of fine jewelry, watches and clocks. Mr. Clough is a resident of this state, and has resided in Rochester many years, while his trade is gradually increasing to very large proportions. P. H. Hartigan, Choice Family Groceries, Teas, Coffees, etc., Market Street. Mr. Hartigan established this business originally in 1872, and from the date of its commencement, has enjoyed a very large patronage. His store is spacious, handsomely fitted up and has every facility for handling large quantities of goods. The stock includes a well and carefully selected assortment of fine and staple groceries, the choicest of young Hyson, Oolong, Japan, English breakfast and other teas, fragrant Mocha, Java and South Amer- ican coffees, hermetically sealed goods of the best quality in tin and glass, spices, condiments, table delicacies, select brands of flour, corn-meal, choic? creamary butter, fresh eggs, cheese, bakers' and laundry supplies, sugars, syrups,fine confectionery, foreign and domestic fruits, popular brands of foreign and domestic, cigars, tobaccos, etc. Mr. Hartigan's long experience in business makes him familiar with all its details, and being a superior judge of a good article, has an established reputa- tion for dealing only in pure goods. Polite and courteous attention is given to the wants of cus- tomers and orders are delivered at residences by wagons free of charge. Henry Evans, Furniture, Crockery, Glass, etc., Warerooms Near the Depots. Few among the many excellent and noteworthy mercantile establishments that contribute to the general sum of trade and commerce in Rochester have secured a more enduring hold on public favor and confi- dent than the well-known and reliable emporium of Henry Evans, dealer in furniture of all kinds, household specialties, and kindred wares, centrally located, on Hanson street, near the depots, and which is by common consent one of the lending, largest and best equipped houses of the kind in town. This store was established in 1878, by the present proprietor, and from the inception of the business Mr. Evans has enjoyed a large and pros- perous trade. The premises occupied for business purposes comprise three 24x60 foot floors, and an. extensive and complete stock is constantly carried, embraces plain and artistic furniture of every description, elegant parlor and chamber suits in great variety, tables, chairs and dining- rcom fur- niture, cabinet articles, upholstered goods, mirrors and looking glasses, and general house furnishing goods, upholstering also being done and picture frames made to order in the most superior and sat- isfactory manner. Mr. Evans is a native of New York, and is well known and highly regarded in the community. Rochester Steam Laundry, George F. Willey, Jr., Proi rietor, Dodge's Building, Central Square. One of. the largest and most popular business establishments in Rochester is the steam laundry of which George F. Willey, Jr., is pro- prietor. The house was founded originally in 1886 by Messrs. Ramsey and Willey jt the present location, iluder the firm title of Messrs. Ramsay and Willey. Mr. Ramsay retired from the firm January 1st, 1887 and the present proprietor assumed full charge and by his able management and enterprise has greatly increased the facilities and patronage of the house. He occupies two floors, of a floorage area of 2,400 feet, which is provided with all the latest and most impoved machinery and mechanical appliances, which are driven by steam power and employment is given to ten operatives. Mr. Willey also makes a specialty of hand-work. Special attention is paid to the laundering of hotel guests' goods, restaurants, also to private families and gentlemen. Agents are wanted for the enterprise in every town in the state and all orders by mail will receive prompt attention. The work is done in a manner which cannot be surpassed, and it is a fact worthy of particular mention that there is less wear to articles laundered by his piocess than in the ordinary manner over the old- fashioned wash-board. A valuable adjunct to this popular e-tablishruentis itspublic bath-room which is the only one in Rochester and is kept in the neatest and cleanest condition. Mr. Willey is a native of Rochester. Herbert McCrillis, Groceries, Flonr and Provisions, East Rochester. Mr. Herbert Mc- Crillis, the well-known dealer in groceries, flour and provisions, established his business here in April, 1881. He occupies a large store and basement, with store houses capable of accommodating the large stock that is constantly carried. This stock includes the best brands of family flour, the finest teas, the purest coffees and spices, butter, cheese, and eggs, fresh fruits in their season in quantities to suit, sugars, syrups and molasses, soap, starch and oil, canmd goods, condiments and table delicacies, and the products of the farm, the orchard and the dairy, f.esh from the hands of the producer. The pro- prietor jilao deals in choice brands of cigars and tobacco, confectionery of all kinds, and does a general barter business in country produce. He also carries a complete line of boots and shoes, for men, women, misses, youth, boys and children, suited to the tastes and the means of all classes of buyers, aud the l>est possible inducements are offered to purchasers. Mr. McCrillis is a native of Rochester, GREAT FALLS AND BERWICK (ME). GREAT FALLS is one of the most beautifully located of the manufacturing cities of New Hampshire. For a long period it was but sparsely populated. Being a border settlement, where the war-whoop of the Indians resounded through the forests and over the plains too frequently for the comfort of white settlers seeking peaceful and prosperous homes, only hunters and trappers visited the present precincts of Great Falls until after the famous King Philip's War and the complete subjection of the savages. Then came the white men from over the seas and from the settlements of Plymouth and Massachusetts, and founded here the present city of Great Falls, which is situated on the verge of the State of New Hamp- shire, and in Strafford County. The beautiful Salmon River separates it from the busy little town of Berwick in the State of Maine. Though perched on opposite banks of the river and in different states, the manufacturing and commercial interests of the twin cities are identical, in common sharing in pros- perity and suffering in adversity. The pioneer settlers were quick to appre- ciate the excellent facilities afforded on the banks of the Salmon River for the pursuit of manufacturing enter- prises, the large and beautiful falls in the river supplying a water power of vast value, and one which was even more appreciated in days pre- ceding the invention of the steam engine than now. On the adoption of the factory system in the produc- tion of cotton goods, one of the first mills erected in New England was built at Great Falls, and the city is to-day a noted centre of the cotton trade, and one of New Hampshire's principle manufacturing cities. The city is situated in a district of great natural beauty, near to the falls, and at the junction of the Great Falls Branch of the Boston and Maine Railroad, the great Falls and Con- way Railroad, and the York and Cum- berland Railroad. It is thirty-three miles east of Concord, and within a limited radius are grouped over twenty towns and villages in Eastern New Hampshire and Maine, that look to Great Falls as the centre and leading city of the group. The surroundings. of the city are fertile and rich in agricultural products, for which Great Falls has become a noted distributing point. The population of the city in 1880 was 8,000, and since that date it has experienced a large increase ; for, from her favorable location, her advantageous surroundings, her com- 100 THE GREAT FALLS NATIONAL BANK. TOWN OF GREAT FALLS. 101 mercial facilities, her business opportunities, her advantages as a shipping and distributing point, her wealth, and the intelligence, refinement and culture of her people for public and private enterprises, her excellent sanitary condition, and the thousand and one things that tend to make a city a desirable place of residence, Great Falls has begun to attract the attention of people from abroad and from other parts of the country; and as a result a tide of capital and business enterprise is gradually settling in this direction, that will assist, at no distant day, in building up here a city destined to take a prominent place among the great business centres of New England. The manufacturing and mercantile resources of Great Falls are now undergoing great development, and the promises held out for the future are matters of general pride and gratification. The railway facilities, giving prompt and ready communication with the seaboard and principal cities of the east, are great fac- tors in enlarging the manufacturing and commercial interests of Great Falls, and in increas- ing the value of the land and of agricultural products in the vicinity. While thus favored in respect of location for trade and manufactures, and endowed with excellent transporta- tion facilities, Great Falls has been remarkably fortunate in possessing men qualified with both capital and energy for developing the commerce and manufactures of the city. The importance of Great Falls, however, is not, perhaps, as fully appreciated as a business centre as the circum- stances warrant, save by those who have made the city a residence for a greater or less length of time, or by those who have maintained busi- ness relations with her merchants and manufacturers, and thus had a fair opportunity afforded of judging. While the city itself is a busy hive of industry, the surrounding country is peopled with a class of agricul- turists who have grown wealthy, and who bring to the city a trade of no small importance. From the city good roads radiate into all parts of New Hampshire and Maine, and along these roads are continuously poured supplies of farm products, which here find ready sale at good prices. But it is chiefly as a cotton manufacturing centre that Great Falls is noted ; and the true secret of a town's prosperity unmistakably lies in its manufacturing industries, for where manufacturing is carried on successfully, there invariably is a steady, healthy and substantial growth. Some of the cotton and woolen factories her.e are mammoth structures, and are filled with machines of all kinds, and all the tools necessary to carry on the different branches of production. The commerce of the city has kept pace with her increasing growth as a man- ufacturing centre. The commercial houses are both numerous and varied, and these, as a rule, are conducted with rare tact and energy. The aggregate of dry goods, millinery, fancy goods, notions, hardware, crockery, agricultural implements, clothing, boots, shoes, stoves, tin- ware, house furnishing goods, etc., handled by traders here is large and is annually increasing, while the city is yearly becoming a leading source of supply for a large, rich agricultural section lyirtg along the several lines of railroads centering here. The retail trade of Great Falls covers a large extent of territory, thickly settled and wealthy, almost exclusively tribu- tary to this city in many of the most important lines of business. It is a fact, creditable alike to the business tact of the retail dealers and to their energy and enterprise, that the prices of their goods are as low as, if not lower than, those prevailing in any other city in the east, and this fact is due, not only to the transportation facilities enjoyed, but to the circum- GREAT FALLS HOTEL. 102 TOWN OF GREAT FALLS. stance that the expenses of conducting business, rents, taxes and cost of living, are placed at a low and reasonable figure. One of the potent agencies in building up the trade and industry of the city, and con- sequently, a large factor in her growth and prosperity, is the banking business, the city being adequately supplied with national banks and savings institutions, all of which are in a sound and healthy condition, and are ably and wisely managed. The government of the city is in the hands of a Mayor, City Council, Board of Alder- men and other representatives and officers, and the affairs of the municipality are wisely and economically administered. The city is supplied with an abundance of excellent water both for domestic purposes and for fire protection, to say nothing of the sufficiency for manufac- turing and trading purposes. The fire department is thoroughly equipped, and its prompt- ness and efficiency in cases of fire are a matter of pride and gratification to every citizen. The police force is adequate, well organized and efficiently drilled, and person and property are thoroughly protected. In the important particular of school facilities Great Falls is in no sense behind" her sister cities. The city has a High School and other elegant school buildings, where pupils can attain the highest degree of proficiency in all branches necessary to qualify them for any of the ordinary pursuits of life. There are also several private educational establishments, and a fine public library, consisting of thousands of books, pamphlets, etc., that is heartily appre- ciated by the people. There are, too, some finely built churches in the town, comprising every sect and denomination, and many of these ecclesiastical structures are models of architectural art. Then, the press of Great Falls has long been a power for good in the community, and no city of its size in the state is better supplied with ably edited newspapers ; its agency in building up the prosperity of the place has been marked and appreciated, and its liberal support and advocacy of all legitimate enterprises, public and private, its denunci- ation of fraud, and its championship of the right, contribute more to the happiness and well being of the people than any other single agency. From a sanitary point of view, Great Falls is a desirable place of residence. The death rate is as low as that of any other city in New England, and every precaution is exercised by the city authorities to maintain the present healthy condition. With a steadily increasing population and an expanding business, both wholesale and retail, and with manufacturing and transportation facilities unexcelled in the State, Great Falls offers a splendid field of enterprise for the capitalist seeking an opportunity to invest and increase his wealth. The rents in the city are remarkably reasonable, the cost of building small, and the expense of building as low as elsewhere. The inhabitants belong chiefly to the industrial classes mechanics, tradesmen, etc. The wealth is pretty equally distributed, and while there are many wealthy, there are few really indigent, and but few who do not labor in some useful capacity. The solidity of the city, in point of healthy growth, socially, morally, as well as architecturally, is commendable ; and socially and morally, Great Falls will compare favor- ably with any other city in the world. Her citizens, for the most part, are a church-going people, while the public schools of the city are of such a character as to cause her citizens to speak of them with pride. The arts and sciences are cultivated and fostered, and evi- dences are to be seen on every hand of culture and refinement, not only of a private char- acter coupled with wealth, but of a public character as well. The business portion of the city is compactly and substantially built, and many of the business blocks are large and attractive. The City Hall, as well as other public and private buildings, are a credit to the city. The city is well laid out, the streets neatly kept and well lighted, the thoroughfares are, for the most part, lined with shade trees, and those sections of the city devoted principally to residences are inviting and attractive. With her large and increasing population and her populous surrounding country, and the many other advantages here briefly pointed out, Great Falls affords a splendid field for the capitalist and the manufacturer in which to locate as a base of operations for every channel of trade, offering the most brilliant prospects for the future to the investor, and affording in her educational, moral, social and sanitary advantages, an eminently desirable place of residence. TOWN OF GREAT FALLS. 103 The City of Berwick, on the opposite side of the river, is equally flourishing and pro- gressive, and alike representative in her mercantile and manufacturing enterprises. She has grown up with and by the side of Great Falls, is, to all intents and purposes, part and parcel of herself, though she is under separate legislative, judicial and municipal government. Her factories and other trade establishments are, as a rule, intelligently directed and admir- ably equipped. The manufacturing facilities are as complete and perfect as they can be made, the custom being to employ the finest machinery, the most skilful artisans, and all accessories calculated to improve production and economize cost. Educational facilities are adequately provided, and the spiritual necessities of the people are cared for, while the full- est protection is given to person and property by an efficient police force and fire depart ment. In the subjoined pages our readers will find described a large number of industries that are illustrative of the importance of Great Falls and Berwick as producing centres. From these descriptions of distinctive industries a better idea of Great Falls and Berwick will be obtained than could be gained by the perusal of a general article. Both places are making long strides in the direction of intellectual development and in material prosperity. Their success in all these fields of labor and of thought are shown in their factories, their mills, their public schools and local libraries. Both places are equally noted for their wealth, their solid business enterprises, the scrupulous honesty of their business men, rather than for that spirit of speculation in which, in other cities, fortunes are quickly made, and even more quickly lost. As long as their interests are in the hands of men like these, their development will be advanced upon a solid and substantial plane, their prosperity will be steadily increased, and their future growth and progress assured. GREAT FALLS AND BERWICK. Charles Sanborn, Furniture, Carpets and Feathers. The establishment of Mr. Charles Sanborn, the widely known dealer in furniture and carpets, was originally founded by D. G. Rollins, and was conducted under various succes- sive managements until 1866, when the present proprietor came into possession. Mr. Sanborn was born in Canada in 1824, and came to this city in 1842. His business premises are amply spacious and are equipped in the most approved style for all the purposes required. A large and superior stock is carried, the assortment embracing a splendid variety of furniture, in plain ' and ornamental styles, also carpets of all kinds, and feathers. The goods are all of the most reliable character, affording ample field for selection, while the range of prices is such as to meet all wants. A number of workmen are em- ployed, and special attention is given to the repairing of furniture ; all orders in this line be- ing executed with neatness and dispatch. Alto- gether the house is a first-class one with which to establish business relations, and we take pleasure in commending it to the attention of our readers. S. P. Home & Co., Manufacturers of and Dealers in Doors, Sash, Blinds, Glazed Windows, etc., Shop, Sullivan Square, Berwick Side. This flourishing enterprise was inaugurated in 1871 by the present proprietors, who brought great practical experience to bear, and made a success of their venture from the outset, and have built up a wide-spread demand for their products. The premises occupied comprise two stores, each 30x51; feet in dimensions, together with an annex 20x30 feet in area. The entire place is supplied with the best facilities and completely equipped throughout with the most improved appliances and appurtenances known to the business, and steam power is supplied by a 10-horse power engine. A force of skilled and expert hands are employed, and the range of manufacture em- braces every description of doors, sash, bliuds and glazed windows, also stair work and brackets of all sizes. The members of the firm are Messrs. S. P. Home and W. L. Butterfield, the former a native of New Hampshire, and the lat- ter of Vermont, both being gentlemen of enter- prise and business capacity. 104 C. S. Beacham & Son, Dealers in all Kinds of Flour, Corn Meal, Grain, Feed and Shorts. The business of this reliable and pro- gressive concern was inaugurated in 1864, the founders being Messrs. Davis & Blood, who were succeeded by Messrs. Wright & Co. The latter, after conducting the business successfully for some time, disposed of the enterprise to the pres- ent proprietors, Messrs. C. S. Beacham & Son. These gentlemen, Messrs. Charles S. and C. Ar- thur Beacham, are both natives of New Hamp- shire, and were born respectively in 1833 and 1860. They occupy a spacious store, which covers an area of 30x70 feet. The railroad track runs close to the door, thus affording every con- venience for the receipt of supplies and the ship- ment of orders. The store is well fitted up through- out, possesses every facility for the successful prosecution of the business. The stock comprises the finest products of the most celebrated flour- ing mills in the country, together with grain and feed of all kinds. The firm have a large patron- age, and their trade is yearly increasing in mag- nitude. Daniel Ix>throp & Co., Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Clothing, Hats, Caps and Gen- tlemen's Furnishing Goods, Market Square and Market Street. This enterprise was founded as far back as 1858 by Mr. John C. Lothrop, repre- sentative of the firm of D. Lothrop & Co., who carried on the business of D. Lothrop & Co. up to the present time. This gentleman is a native of Rochester, N. H., born 1828. In addition to their Great Falls store, the firm have other es- tablishments of a like character in Boston, Dover and Rochester ; Mr. James E. Lothrop has been mayor of Dover, and a member of the State Legislature. Their store in Great Falls has a capacity of 55x60 feet. Clothing of every de- scription and in the prevailing styles for men, youths, boys and children, is displayed in profu- sion, and an abundance of choice is afforded to patrons, both in quality and price. The stock also includes the latest novelties in hats, caps, beaver, felt, cloth and straw, and the finest of underwear, shirts, hosiery, gloves, handkerchiefs collars, cuffs and the latest novelties in neckwear are all displayed in lavish array. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 105 George Moore, Druggist and Apothecary, No. 26 Market Street. It is of the utmost im- portance in every community to know where a druggist or apothecary is to be found who is thoroughly accurate and prompt in his business. Great Falls has one of that character in the per- son of Mr. George Moore, at No. 26 Market street. Mr. Moore was born in this town in 1826. After devoting several years of close study and experi- ence in this line of trade, he founded this estab- lishment in 1858, and has conducted it ever since with the most unqualified success. His store is of ample dimensions, very neatly and attractively fitted up with fine show cases, counters, etc. He keeps on hand, constantly, a full and complete assortment of fresh and pure drugs, chemicals, all of which are fully up to the highest standard demanded by the U. S. Pharmacopeia, also all pro- prietary medicines of well established merit and reputation, toilet and fancy goods, foreign and domestic mineral waters, perfumery, physicians' and surgeons' requisites, druggists' sundries, etc. Mr. Moore makes a particular specialty of compounding physicians' prescriptions and family recipes, and in this department of the business the house has gained an enviable reputation, and ranks among the foremost in this section of the state, for the purity of its drugs and the accuracy and care with which they are compounded. All modern appliances to secure proper results have been provided, and no one more fully appreciates the responsibility in performing such duties than the proprietor. He employs only the most relia- ble and competent assistants, and orders are filled at all hours of the day or night. Mr. Moore is enterprising and reliable, and enjoys the highest respect of all with whom he has had business relations. A. Carter & Son, Dealer in Dry Goods, Carpetings, Feathers, Curtains, Fixtures, Uphol- stery Goods, etc., No. 28 Market Street, One of the oldest and most popular retail dry goods houses in Great Falls is that of Messrs. A. Carter & Son. The business had its origin in 1850 and the founders were Messrs. Carter & Merrill. Mr. Merrill subsequently retired, and then the style of the concern was changed to Carter Bros. In 1883 the firm was reorganized and then be- came Alfred Carter & Son. The senior member of the firm was born in New Hampshire in 1828, and is now a director of the Summersworth Na- tional Bank. His son, Mr. Edgar I. Carter, is also a native of this state and was born in 1856. The firm occupy for the purposes of their busi- ness two connecting stores, each 25x56 feet in di- mensions. The principal salesroom, on the ground floor, is finely fitted up, and every mod- ern convenience has been provided to facilitate the rapid transaction of business. The immense stock carried embraces everything that can be found in any kindred establishment, including dry and fancy goods, notions, silks, satins, velvets and dress goods, millinery trimmings, ladies' and gentlemen's furnishings, household goods, cloaks, shawls, underwear, curtains and curtain materi- als, fixtures, upholstery goods, ladies' and chil- dren's outside garments, etc. On the second floor is a fine display of carpets, rugs, mats, etc., of both domestic and foreign manufacture. An ample staff of courteous assistants are employed. The Boston Clothing House, Bank Building, High Street. In the compilation of this review of the leading industrial, commercial and general business interests of Great Falls,it is the aim of the publishers to give place and prominence to houses and firms in a relative degree to the standing they maintain in their re- spective lines of trade, and it is in pursuance of this design that special mention is here made of the widely-known and noteworthy establishment known as the Boston Clothing House, whose headquarters are located at the Bank Building, High street. The business of this house was founded in 1881, and from the first has been steadily growing in volume and influence. The extensive premises occupied consist of two stores, each 40x50 feet in dimensions, admirably fitted up throughout for all the purposes of the busi- ness, and supplied with every accommodation for customers. The immense stock carried is the largest of the kind to be found in the city, and is complete in all the various departments. The assortment comprises every description of ready- made clothing, made from the best materials, in the latest styles, and unsurpassed for general excellence and reliability. A superior showing is also made in gentlemen's furnishing goods of all kinds, as well as a fine variety of trunks and traveling bags. The goods are all placed at the lowest prices, and all purchases made here may be relied upon to represent the best of value. The proprietors of this worthy establishment, Messrs. Bodwell & Reeve, are business men of a high order of ability, are liberal and enterprising in their methods, and occupy a position of high standing in mercantile circles. They are natives of Maine, have long been favorably known in this section, and are thoroughly identified with the best interests of the community. Co-operative Store, Odd Fellows' Block ; John H. Stillings, Agent. The Co-operative Store had its origin in 1875, and from its incep- tion to the present it has had accorded a most substantial patronage. The premises occupied are commodious and well-arranged, consisting of a salesroom with a frontage of 40 feet and a depth of 52 feet, and every facility and convenience are at hand for the storage and display of the large stock constantly carried. The house deals exten- sively at retail in groceries, provisions, fruit, veg- etables, dairy products, etc., and the assortment kept on hand is so complete as to embrace every- thing of a desirable nature included in those lines. Staple productions and table delicacies of every description are always to be found in this establishment in their choicest and most reliable forms, and inducements are offered in the matter of prices, which are not easily duplicated else- where. The teas and coffees obtainable here are of the finest brands in the market : and flour, butter, cheese, eggs, etc., are the best that money can procure. The stock also embraces a full line of crockery, glassware, and all the miscellaneous goods usually found in an extensive and well conducted family grocery house. The stock in every department is selected with great care and excellent judgment, and customers can always rely upon the fact that nothing known to \ e adulterated or not of first-class quality will In- sold to them. Mr. Stillings was born in Maine. 100 TOWN OF GREAT FALLS. Li. B. Hersom & Son, Wool and Wool Skins, Manulacturers of All Kinds of Sheep Linings. In reviewing the various industries that have made Great Falls an important centre of trade and manufacture, it is with pleasure we note as the leader in its branch ot trade the widely-known house of Messrs. L. E. Hersom & Son, dealers in wool and wool skins, and manu- facturers of all kinds of sheep linings. This house was first founded by Mr. L. R. Hersom, the firm later on becoming L. R. Herson & Co., and in 1883 changing to L. R. Hersom & Son. The management has ever been characterized by ability and energy, and a business has been built up that has its ramifications throughout the entire United States. The premises occupied comprises a four and a half story building 40x138 feet in dimensions, with an attached L, the same height, and 34x34 feet in area. The place is equipped throughout in the most approved man- ner, having every facility to aid in the prosecu- tion of the enterprise, and constant employment is afforded to a force of thirty competent hands. The sheep linings manufactured here are un- rivalled for uniformity of excellence, and have a standard reputation in the market. Ordars are promptly filled on the most advantageous terms, and goods shipped to any point without delay. The magnitude of this enterprise, the system and economy of its operations, as well as the promi- nence of its projectors, all combine to place it among the most important factors of the city's business wealth, and fully entitle it to the pros- perity and lasting success it has so honorably achieved. The Hon. L. R. Hersom is one of the best-known figures iu public life in this state. He has served as representative to the Maine Legislature, has filled every office of note in this city, and has ever sustained a reputation of the most enviable character for executive talent, in- flexible integrity, and the highest order of intel- ligence. His son, Mr. A. E. Hersom, is a busi- ness man of excellent ability, is influential in mercantile circles, and is respected as a most useful and honorable member of the community. Mrs. C. H. Harmon, Millinery and Fancy Goods, Sanborn'a Block, Main Street. Of the many and varied mercantile establishments that contribute to the sum of trade and business activity in any progressive community in these days, not one comes within measurable distance of the well-ordered millinery and ladies wear emporium in point of genuine interest, and there- fore it is that the neat and deservedly popular store of Mrs. C. H. Harmon, dealer in fine mil- linery, neckwear, trimmings and fancy goods, which is eligibly located in Central Block, Main street, becomes the centre of attraction to the female portion of the population of Great Falls, there being here always displayed the latest novelties and most correct styles in bonnets and hats, hair ornaments, silk ribbons, laces, notions and a multifarious assortment of articles com- prehended under the general head of fancy goods ; while patrons can at all times rely upon finding an excellent article, satisfactory treatment and, prompt and polite attention in this flourishing establishment. The store, which was established in 1876 by Mrs. Harmon, a lady of excellent business ability and of many years experience, is 20x40 feet in dimensions and tastefully appointed, and a full and fine stock is constantly carried, embracing besides exquisite hats and bonnets, both trimmed and untrimmed, superb plumes, tips flowers and millinery trimmings, silks, corsets, plushes and beads; also laces and embroideries, collars and cuffs, hair and neck ornaments, dress trimmings, notions, toilet articles and ladies' furnishings in great variety, while bonnets and hats are trimmed and altered in the most superior style likewise, and altogether the patronage of the establishment is of a very substantial and influential character. Henry W. Pierce & Son, Machinists, Berwick Side. This enterprising concern was founded in 1886, and it has. thns far, had a most successful career, and one that augurs well for the future. The firm occupy two stores, each containing an area of 25x60 feet, and here they carry on the general business of machinists, build- ing machines and engines, etc., and repairing the same. The mechanical equipments are all of the most perfect and ample character. The firm make a specialty of steam, gas and water fitting, and for this work they carry an extensive stock of fittings. They also erect, in the neatest possi- ble manner, all kinds of pipe fence for graves and lots, and execute all kinds of mill work. The firm are agents for stationary engines and boilers, all kinds of turned and cold rolled steel shafting, and for the Columbia bicycles and tricycles. They carry a very extensive stock of mill sup- plies of every description, and, receiving these di- rect from the makers, they are in a position to offer in respect thereof, the most advantageous terms both in prices and times to both large and small consumers. Charles H. Harmon, Fruits, Confection- ery, Cigars, Pipes and Tobacco. The Old News Stand, Opposite B. and M. Depot. Mr. Harmon came to this town in 1847 from Maine, where he was born in 1843, and has been a resident here ever since. The business was established orig- inally in 1853 by John G. Hill, and after several changes the present proprietor came into posses- sion in 1887. The house has from the date of its commencement been the favorite resort of the very best classes of our citizens, and has always done a very large and prosperous business. The premises occupied are of ample dimensions and very neatly and attractively arranged. Mr. Harmon keeps constantly on hand a full and complete assortment of foreign and domestic fruits in their season and is in constant receipt of new invoices every day, while his stock of con- fectionery is unsurpassed for variety, excellence, freshness and absolute purity. He likewise car- ries a fine line of the choicest, most popular and favorite brands of foreign and domestic cigars, cigarettes, smoking and chewing tobaccos, snuffs, also meerschaum, clay and wood pipes, cigar and cigarette holders, pocket cases, pouches and other smokers' articles. Here can always be found a full supply of intellectual food in the shape of all the latest published works of the most famous writers; also periodicals, magazines and all of the Boston daily papers and leading weeklies from all parts of the United States as soon as published. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 107 E. A. Tibbets & Son, Wholesale and Re- tail Dealers in Hardware, Tools, Paints, Oils, Varnishes, etc. This house stands prominently forward as a leader in the wholesale and retail hardware trade of Great Falls. The business was founded by Mr. Luther C. Tibbets in 1841, and three years later he was succeeded in the enterprise by Mr. I. Brooks, aud in 1847 he was succeeded by Tibbets & Bro. , the present firm assuming control in 1881. Mr. Tibbets, ST., was born in Maine in 1824, and for the past forty- three years has been conducting business at his present stand. For two years he was a member of the Legislature, and is now the oldest director of the Summersworth National Bank, having been connected with it since its incorporation in 1858. Some years ago he took into partnership his son, and the style of the house then became E. A. Tibbets & Son. The store is very eligibly located, is commodious, and well equipped with a full and complete stock, including everything in the wide range of heavy and shelf hardware, builders' and mechanics' and manufacturers' tools and supplies, pocket and table cutlery, every variety of carriage, wood and iron work, glass, paints, oils, varnishes, etc. The stock is extensive and has been selected with care and excellent judgment. Those in need of goods will find it to their ad- vantage to deal with this reliable house. John Emery, Manufacturer of Monuments, Tablets, Scrolls and Headstones, Berwick Side. The Great Falls Marble and Granite Works are among the oldest in this section of the state, and were established in 1846 by Mr. John Emery, who has established wide-spread reputation as an ar- tistic marble and granite worker. The premises cover a space of ground 100x150 feet, and are com- plete in all their appointments, being supplied with all the machinery and appliances requisite in the business. Mr. Emery is a thorough skilled artist, as the many beautiful specimens of his handiwork in marble and granite to be seen at his establishment will testify. He designs and exe- cutes monuments, tablets, headstones, scrolls, etc., beautiful in conception and unsurpassed in finish, and many of the memorials that adorn the ceme- teries throughout this section are the productions of his skill. Mr. Emery deals in soap stone, pumice ctoae, hones and brimstone. He is a native of the Stale of New Hampshire, and is one of the most useful of the enterprising citizens of Great Falls. E. W. Folsom, Jeweler and Optician, No. 5 Main Street. Mr. E. W. Folsom, the well- known watchmaker and jeweler, has been estab- lished here since 1850. The business was for some years carried on by Mr. S. B. Cole, who was followed by A. F. Chandled and he by E. W. Folsom & Co.. and in 1879 it came under the sole control of Mr. Folsom. The store is neatly and handsomely arranged, and fitted up with plate glass show cases and ornamental counters, and is well stocked with a fine assortment of watches in gold and silver cases, and also clocks in great variety, silver and plated ware and all the lead- ing fashionable styles in jewelry. Mr. Folsom was born in Maine in 184!), and since 1874 has been located in Great Falls. He is a practical jeweler and watchmaker, and was brought up in the business at Manchester. He is thoroughly conversant with its every detail, and makes a specialty of repairing watches, clocks and jewelry in a superior manner. William D. Clark, Groceries and Provis- ions, No. 25 Market Street. This establishment was founded originally about the year 1812 by a Mr. W. Wiggins, and is one of the oldest if not the oldest house of its kind in the town. Mr. Clark succeeded to the business in 1877 and has carried it on ever since with uniform success. The store is of ample dimensions, appropriately fitted up and supplied with all conveniences. He carries a full and complete stock of groceries and provisions, embracing hermetically sealed goods in glass and tin, from the best establishments known to the trade; sugars, syrups, spices, condi- ments, table delicacies, best brands of family flour, provisions, grain, mill-feed, cheese, pure creamery butter, et?gs, vegetables, foreign and do- mestic fruits, brooms, wooden and' willow ware, etc. Mr. Clark is an expert judge of tens and coffees and he deals in none but the purest and best, aud his stock of tobacco and cigars has been selected with the greatest care. Popular prices prevail. Mr. Clark is a native of this state. John R. Parker, Photographer. An artist whose productions in the photographic art are sec.ond to none in this section is Mr. John B. Parker. This gentleman was born in Massachu- setts in 1862, and in his native state acquired a thorough knowledge of the photographic art. In February, 1886, he came to Great Falls and founded his present popular gallery. He has a fine large operating room, a handsome reception room, and all the facilities requisite for accom- plishing rapid and successful work. The instan- taneous process of photography is employed, and is specially adapted to taking the portraits of children and nervous persons. Mr. Parker de- votes his energies to every branch of the art, pro- ducing photographs and landscapes. He makes a specialty of coj ying and enlarging pictures in crayon, oil, india ink, pastel, water colors, etc., which are true to life and the original. Talented and accomplished, he never fails to make a cor- rect likeness and give satisfaction to his patrons. John C. Dearborn, Merchant Tailor, etc., Pray's Building, High Street. Mr. Dearborn es- tablished this business about twenty years ago wi th the avowed intention of furnishing the citizens with the finest and most fashionable clothing at a fair price, in which he has been successful. In the handsomely fitted up store a fine display is made of a choice and well selected stock of for- eign and domestic woolen suitings, etc , in all the new, beautiful, fashionable styles. These goods include the best efforts of the most distinguished manufacturers and in the assortment will be found everything seasonable and desirable. Mr. Dear- born is familiar with every detail of the merchant tailor's art and is conceded to be one of the most correct, stylish cutters in town. He fashions garments in strict accord with the prevailing styles worn in Boston and New York, and gives his personal supervision to the smallest details of trimmings. Mr. Dearborn was born in Maine iii 1839 and has been in Great Falls since 1867. 108 TOWN OF GREAT FALLS. Grant's Hotel, E. Grant, Proprietor. The leading hostelry in Great Falls is Grant's Hotel, which bears a reputation of enviable character for the liberality and enterprise of its management. This widely known house was first opened in 1873 by the present proprietor, Mr. E. Grant, who has had ample experience in this line, and is thoroughly conversant with all the needs of the traveling public. The building has four stories, each 50x100 feet in dimensions, and an attached L. There are forty sleeping apartments all fitted J. W. Preston, M. D., Druggist. One of the best qualified druggists in Great Falls is Dr. J. W. Preston, whose pharmacy is one of the old landmarks of the town. Dr. Preston, who was born in Canada in 1826, but a resident of the United States for many years, is both a medical and pharmaceutical graduate, and practiced medicine in Plymouth, N. H., for seventeen years previous to his removal to this place in 1884, and therefore brings to bear upon his busi- ness trained skill and a wide range of practical experience. The house was founded origi- nally by Messrs. M. Noble & Co., in 1831, who were succeeded by Mr. Stevens, follow- ed by Mr. Jones, then Mr. J. P. Ladd, who was succeeded by Mr. J. Y. Wingate, after him came Mr. E. M. Carlton, who was suc- ceeded by the present proprietor in 1884. The store is spacious and is completely stocked with an assortment of pure drugs and chemicals, proprietary medicines of well-known merit and reputation, toilet and fancy articles, perfumery, foreign and domes- tic mineral waters, dye stuffs, stationery, druggists' sundries, etc. The utmost dili- gence and care is exercised by the doctor in the compounding of physicians' prescrip- tions and family recipes, filling all orders with promptitude and the greatest care and accuracy at all hours of the day or night. As a physician he brings to bear a class of knowledge than which there is no more val- uable adjunct in a pharmacy. In this respect Dr. Preston's establishments ranks the equal of any in this section. np in the most approved style, and supplied with good beds and clean bedding. The sanitary arrange- ments of the establishment are as perfect as they can be made ; the house is well ventilated, lighted and heated throughout, and altogether no trouble or expense has been spared to provide for guests all the comforts of home. Free conveyance is supplied to and from the depots. The clerk, Mr. H. W. Niles, is a favorite with all the patrons of the establishment, and is untiring in his efforts to please. Mr. Grant personally superintends all the affairs of his house. Fred. S. Bicker, Boots and Shoes, Carter's New Block, Market Street. One of the most attractive business establishments of Great Falls is that of Mr. Fred. S. Ricker, who engaged in the boot and shoe trade, and may be said to be the leader of fashion in footwear. He has all the new styles as soon as brought out, and keeps on sale a general assortment of French, English and Amer- ican boots and shoes, made in the best manner in perfect accord with the fashionable ideas of the day. These goods have been chosen with care expressly for a fastidious custom and will be found in all sizes for ladies', gentlemen's, misses' and children's wear. Rubbers, slippers and all those goods belonging to the trade are also kept in stock. Mr. Ricker was born at Berwick, Me., opposite Great Falls. He has had quite an ex- tended experience in the boot and shoe trade, and has been established in business since 1886, and is in the fall enjoyment of a large first-class trade. In size the store is 17x50 fret, and is complete and perfect in all its appointments. A. K. Downs, Flour and Groceries, Ber- wick Side. One of the most popular and reliable general groceries stores in this town is the well- known and nourishing establishment of A. K. Downs. The business was established in 1872 by the present proprietor, and he has since built up a large and prosperous trade. The store is 30x60 teet in dimensions and neatly kept, while an extensive and first-class stock is constantly carried, including fine teas and coffees, pure spices, sauces and condiments, choice dairy butter, cheese, eggs and lard, best brands of family flour, sugars, rice, molasses, oatmeal, cereal food products, canned goods. of all kinds, smoked and salt fish, and a complete assortment of staple and fancy groceries, no pains being spared to render the fullest satis- faction in every instance to customers. Mr. Downs is a native of Berwick, Me. C. Li. Lord, Fancy Goods Store, Boston and Maine Depot. Mr. C. L. Lord has for the past ten years been engaged here in business operations. Recently he removed to the new store in the Boston and Maine depot, which he has fitted up in the very best manner and made it attractive by displaying a large and varied assortment of fancy goods, embracing everything coming under that head, including boisery, gloves, furnishing goods, laces, ribbons, worsteds and worsted goods, woolens, etc., and also a general line of fancy and ornamental hair goods. He is also the agent for the Walden Dye House, and for the Universal Paper Patterns. Born in Maine in 1838, Mr. Lord came to Great Falls in 1874, and has from that time been conspicuous in commercial affairs. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 109 A. Thwing-, Great Falls Book Store, No. 2 Central Buildings. The Great Falls Book Store has been established some forty years, and came under the sole control of the present proprietor in 1869. The store is one of the best kuown and most popular in town. In size it is 25x50 feet, and is very tastefully and attractively fitted up and admirably arranged. The stock is large, Varied and complete in all departments, and em- braces books upon all subjects, history, theology, 'travels, science, etc., and also the popular light literature of the day by eminent authors, and all the various school and text books used in the ed- ucational institutions throughout this part of the state. Blank books are an important feature of the business, and also commercial and school and fancy stationery, and a great variety of ornamen- tal articles that belong to their special business. Paper hangings in all the new, beautiful styles * and patterns are also displayed in profusion, to- gether with a general line of fancy goods and guitar and violin strings. Born in Massachu- setts 42 years ago, Mr. Thwing came to Great Falls in 1868. He is popular, prominent and influential, and for three years served his fel- low townsmen in the most acceptable manner as town clerk. John A. Dumas, Dry and Fancy Goods, Small Wares, etc., Bank Building, High Street. The well ordered dry goods and ladies' wear em- porium of J. A. Dumas, is the centre of attraction to the female portion of thiscommunity,there being here always displayed a complete and first-class as- sortment of every thing comprehended in this line, while popular prices and reliable goods are at all times the prevailing features here. This well and favorably known store was established many years ago by Mr. Weatherbee, and after several changes in the management, it passed into the control of the present proprietor in 1887. The premises occupied for business purposes are spa- cious and commodious and finely appointed, the store running through from High street to Elm street, and a heavy and Al stock is carried, com- prising elegant dress goods and trimmings, suits, cloaks and shawls, gloves, hosiery and notions, novelties in neckwear, laces and corsets, linens, sheetings, ginghams, cottons, calicoes and fancy goods in great variety ; while several competent and efficient clerks attend to the wants of cus- tomers, and the trade, which extends all over the town and surrounding country is exceedingly large. J. F. Robinson & Co., Groceries, Sul- livan Square, Berwick, Maine. Among the busi- ness men who are prominent in Berwick is the firm of J. F. Eobinson & Co., who are engaged in the grocery trade. The copartners, Mr. J. F. and Mr. Charles H. Robinson, established the house in 1869 which has since built up a large, substantial trade. In dimensions the store is 24x48 feet and is well stocked with a choice well selected assortment of staple and fancy groceries of every description, including the very best quality teas and coffees, pure spices, family flour, hermetically sealed goods in tin and glass and provisions, etc. Both members of the firm were born in Maine, the former in 1883 and the latter in 1841. William Plummer, Fine Teas, Coffees and Choice Family Groceries. Thirty odd years of unbroken prosperity sums up in brief the history of the well and favorably known establishment of William Plummer, dealer in fine teas, coffees, spices and general family groceries, which since the inception of the enterprise in 1857, has maintained a record of steady progress. The store, which is ample and commodious, is neatly fitted up and excellently kept, and a large and first-class stock is constantly carried, com- prising fine teas and coffees, pure spices, condi- ments and canned goods in great variety, best family flour, sugar, molasses, vinegars, oils, smoked and salt fish, rice, oatmeal, choice dairy butter, cheese, lard, soda, soaps, starch, house- hold specialties, shelf goods and a full and fine assortment of staple and fancy groceries of every description ; while several efficient assistants at- tend to the wants of customers, and the trade of the establishment, which extends all over the city and environs, is very large. Mr. Plummer is a native of Maine, but has resided in this place since 1839, and was a popular and efficient select- man during 1869 and 1870. M. S. Weeks, Groceries, Meats and Provi- sions, etc., Hodsdon's Block, Market Street. A reliable and popular house in Great Falls is that of Mr. M. S. Weeks. Mr. Weeks came to Great Falls in 1877 from Maine, where he was born in 1857. Having had a practical experience in this line of trade he founded this establishment in 1886, and although of such recent origin he has received a patronage which is not very often ac- corded to much older houses. The premises utilized are of ample dimensions, neatly and tastefully fitted up with special reference to the business. The stock embrace* everything in the way of fancy and staple groceries, meats, provi- sions, etc., and canned goods of every description, sugars, syrups, bakers' and laundry supplies, foreign and domestic fruits, spices, table delica- cies, pure and unadulterated teas and cofiees, fresh salt, dried and smoked meats and fish, cheese, pure creamery butter, eggs, vegetables ; also confectionery, nuts, cigars, cigarettes, pipes smoking and chewing tobacco, in fact, everything found in a well conducted grocery store. J ohn M. Moodie, Merchant Tailor, Market Square. Mr. Moodie is an experienced practical cutter, and fashions and designs gentlemen's clothing upon scientific principles, and is one of the best and most correct in the business. In the neatly arranged and tastefully fitted up store, a large and varied assortment of fine woolens, suitings, cloths, tweeds, trouserings, etc., of both foreign and domestic production, is displayed in profusion. The goods are all of the highest standard quality and latest fashionable styles, and include everything seasonable, fashionable and desirable. Repairing and pressing receives his prompt attention. Born at Glasgow, Scot- land, in 1852, Mr. Moodie came to America in 1859, and in 1877 became permanently located in Great Falls, and ten years later succeeded to the business that had been established and carried on by Mr. J. B. Clark for a quarter of a century pre- viously. 110 TOWN OF GREAT FALLS. Rich, Brock & Co., Manufacturers of Sumac Linings in All Colors, Tanned Leather, etc., Factory and Salesroom, School Street. This firm are carrying on general operations as manu- facturers of sumac linings in all colors, sheep, kid, black and white alum tanned leather, also pebbled sheep and tongue stock, aud have built up an extensive demand for their productions. The premises used for the business have dimen- sions of 30x80 feet, are fitted up in the most ap- proved style for the required purposes, and pos- sess every facility for the satisfactory piosecutioii of the industry. A force of twelve hands are employed in the production, and the goods turned out are unrivalled by any similar merchandise now in the market, the highest uniform standard of excellence being maintained. The firm sell to the trade on the most favorable terms, and have every facility for promptly filling orders. The members of the firm, Messrs. W. H. Rich, G. E. Brock and J. E. Lord, are all natives of Maine. Joseph Nelson, Fresh Baked Peanuts, Fruit and Confectionery, Front of B. and M. Depot. Mr. Nelson was born in Italy in 1844, having come to the United States in 1874 and settled here in 1876, at which time he founded his present business. The premises occupied are spacious and commodious, neatly and tastefully arranged, and contains a full and complete assortment of choice foreign and domestic fruits in their season, embracing choice Mediterranean, Florida and West India oranges, lemons, limes, pineapples, bananas, also the best and finest qualities of California, Malaga and domestic grapes, apples, pears, peaches, plums, etc. He likewise carries a lull and choice assortment of foreign and native nuts, and makes a particular specially of fresh baked peanuts, which has always been the favorite of the people. Mr. Nelson also keeps a full and complete line of confectionery, which is made from none but the purest materials by the most reliable manufacturers. J. E. Frost, Steam and Shingle Mill, Ber- wick Side. This business was inaugurated by the present proprietor in 1881, and its record is one of uninterrupted prosperity, and continued advancement. The mill, which has dimensions of 35x100 feet, is equipped with the most im- proved machinery, operated by steam power, and the most complete facilities for all the purposes required. A force of experienced workmen are employed, and the range of production embraces planing, jointing, jig sawing, turning posts, bal- lusters, window, screen and door frames, small box making, shingles, plank and boards, picks, rails; also all kinds of inside and outside finish, mill work, and general jobbing is attended to. Orders by express are given prompt attention, and satisfaction with poods or work done is guar- anteed in all cases. Mr. Frost offers marked ad- vantages in terms, and all transactions had with him are sure to terminate satisfactory and pleasantly. Mr. Frost is a native of Maine. CITY OF NASHUA. THE flourishing and progressive City of Nashua has the distinction of having been the first English settlement in the southern part of the State of New Hampshire. For half a century or more after the Puritans had arrived and established themselves at Plymouth, and the Bay State colony had been founded, the site of Nashua was still a wilderness, peo- pled and controlled by the red men; to-day it is one of the best known, most flourishing and most delightfully situated of the many cities within the limits of the Granite State. As the Indians retreated before the white men, who took possession of the lands of Massachu- setts, they fixed their wigwams in the fastnesses of Maine and New Hampshire, and in the neighborhood of Nashua the red men held their war dances, and ran amuck for the scalps of the white men who ventured to explore that section of country. For more than half a century after its settlement it was a mere border colony and the scene of frequent sanguin- ary fights between the abongines and the settlers for possession and domination. Nashua suffered severely during King Philip's war from 1675 to 1678, again in 1691, on the outbreak of war between England and France, soon after the accession to the English throne of William III., when hostilities extended to the colonies. The French from Can- ada, assisted by large numbers of Indians, invaded several parts of New England. The cruelties practiced almost exceed belief. Towns were attacked at midnight, and in mid- winter ; the people were often killed in their beds, and those whose lives were spared were torn from their homes, and obliged to endure sufferings worse than death. Dur- ing this war, and in the year 1691, the French and Indians visited the citizens of Nashua with death and desolation. The peace that was secured by treaty was of but short duration, for in 1702 hos- tilities were renewed, and this time concerning the Spanish succession, the French and Indians immediately invaded New England, and the war was continued for eleven years, during which time frequent attacks were made upon and ravages committed in Nashua. In one of these onslaughts the celebrated friendly Indian, Joe English, was killed. Peace was restored in 1713. The Indians, however, were still discontented, and in 1722 the tribes in Eastern and Northern New England again went on the war-path for a period of three years. In 1724 they visited Nashua, and carried off two of its citizens. A party of eleven persons started in pursuit, but were soon waylaid by the red men, and ten of them killed. The only survivor was Joseph Farwell, who was the next year lieutenant in captain John Lovewell's expedition. Captain Lovewell raised a company of volunteers, and marched northward in pursuit of the Indians. In the first expedition they killed one Indian and took another prisoner. In a second excursion they killed ten Indians, but in a third expedition they fell into an ambuscade at Lovewell's Pond, in Frysburg, Me. Captain Lovewell, Lieutenant Farwell and Ensign Robbins, all of Nashua, were killed, as also the chaplain, Mr. Frye, and twelve others, and eleven wounded. In this san- guinary engagement the noted chief Paugus was killed. The blow fell heavily upon the feeble settlement, but it was a triumph for New England, for the power of the Indians was broken for ever, and song and romance have embalmed the memory of the heroes of " Lovewell's Fight." HI 112 CITY OF NASHUA. The Nashuites had, therefore, a long and serious lesson in border warfare, and when the Revolution came they were fitted by experience for battling with the trained soldiers of England. In the war of the Rebellion, too, Nashua contributed of her best blood and treasure, and the deeds of those who fell in. the struggle for the perpetua- tion of the Union are commemorated by an artistic monument erected by the citizens. Nashua is located in Hillsboro' County, on the west side of the Merrimac River, at the confluence of the Nashua River, 31 miles south by east of Concord. Originally the town embraced a large extent of territory, and bore the name of Dunstable. It was incorporated a town on April I, 1746, and in December, 1836, the name was changed to Nashua. The Nashua river ran through the heart of the town, and in 1842, in con- sequence of some difficulty about locating a town house, that portion of the town located on the north and west sides of the river petitioned to be set off and incorpor- ated into a town by the name of Nashville. The legislature granted them their peti- tion ; but, in 1853, a charter was granted and accepted, by which the original towns became re-united under a city government, and to-day it ranks as the second city in New Hampshire in point of population, manufactures and commerce. The city is watered by Salmon Brook (a small stream flowing from Groton, Mass., and emptying into the Merrimack), and by the Merrimack and Nashua Rivers. In nearly THE DAM BELOW MAIN STREET BRIDGE. the centre of the city the latter river empties itself into the Merrimack. The Nashua is a beautiful stream. It has a serpentine course through the southern part of Hillsboro' County, in this State, and its source in Worcester County, Mass. It is formed of two branches, called the south and north branches. The north branch is formed of two streams, one from Ashburnham, and the other from Wachuset Ponds. The south branch is composed of Still River, issuing from the east side of Wachuset Mountain, and a small stream from Quinepoxet Pond, in Holden. These branches are united in Lancaster, from which the main river proceeds, in a north-easterly course, to Harvard, Shirley, Groton, and Pepperell, Mass., and thence into New Hampshire, through Hollis, and to its confluence at Nashua with the Merrimack. The Nashua has, in a distance of two miles from its mouth, a fall of 65 feet. The Merrimack is one of the principal rivers of New England, and is formed by the junction of the Pemigewasset and Winnipiseogee Rivers, which have their origin in the White Mountains, and which unite at Franklin ; and the confluent stream then bears the name of Merrimack. Originally this name was written Merremacke and Monnomoke, which, CITY OF NASHUA. 113 in the Indian language, signified a sturgeon. In width the river varies from 50 to 150 rods ; and at its mouth it presents a beautiful sheet of water of half a mile in width. From Franklin the river pursues a southerly course for 78 miles to Chelmsford, Mass., thence an easterly course for 35 miles to the sea, at Newburyport. The City of Nashua is thus abundantly supplied with water power from both the Rivers Nashua and Merrimack, and the founders of the city were alive to the advantages here presented for manufacturing purposes. It is to its manufactures that Nashua owes its growth to the second in rank of the cities and towns of New Hampshire. The prospects are that Nashua will not only continue to maintain its present rank, but that it will become even a more important centre than now of large and varied manufacturing interests. Then, the true secret of a town's prosperity undoubtedly lies in its manufacturing industries. A prosperity based exclusively upon a commercial business must necessarily be ephemeral. A town which, for instance, depends upon any one or more of the great agricultural staples for support and growth, is liable to become paralyzed in her energies and interests, not only by failure in the production of such staples, but from their diversion to other points whose eligibility gives them the advantage and preference as markets. Such also are the fluctu- ations in prices of articles of produce that no certainty of successful operations can be relied upon, and when uncertain, feverish and exciting speculation underlies the business of any community, there is no guarantee of permanent and staple prosperity, while, where manufacturing is carried on successfully, there is a steady, healthy and substantial growth. MX. PLEASANT SCHOOL BUILDING. . Nashua owes its importance, both present and future, to its manufacturing industries. For variety and perfection of mechanical skill, as may be seen in her numerous and various manufactories, Nashua is abreast with any of her sister cities in New England. Her cotton mills do a large work, and have done much to increase the population of the city, but it is thought that her other manufactories have done more, such as artificers in wood and iron, in cards, paper and leather, builders of ponderous or curious machines, makers of edge tools, locks and shuttles, forge men, foundry men, and artisans of almost every degree and calling. In looking over the catalogue of the great multitude and almost endless variety of manufacturing establishments, it would seem as though the mechanical genius must be well tested at Nashua. It would be somewhat difficult to name an article that could not at 114 CITY OF NASHUA. once be furnished, if ordered ; and when the factories, mills and workshops are run to- their full capacity, business of all kinds is brisk, money is plentiful, and the tradesmen- and work-people are happy. The Nashua Manufacturing Company is the pioneer manufacturing concern in the city. This company was organized with a capital of $300,000, which was afterwards augmented to 51,000,000. In 1822 to 1823 the greater portion of the lands in the town and on the River Nashua up to the falls was purchased by the company, who com- menced building a dam, canal and other works for factories. The company has several extensive mills, and employ over a thousand hands in manufacturing shirtings and drills, printing cloths, jeans, sheetings, etc. The Nashua Manufacturing Co. were followed by the Jackson Manufacturing Co., who also operate several extensive mills- EPISCOPAL CHURCH, MAIN STSEET. and employ a large number of operatives in producing sheetings and shirtings. After these two flourishing companies had become fairly established, other mills and workshops were erected, and new industrial enterprises are constantly springing up. From her favorable location, her advantageous surroundings, her commercial facilities, her business opportunities, her extensive manufactres, her solidity, and the intelligence, wealth, culture and moral advancement of her people Nashua, is a desirable place of residence, as well as an advantageous point for business of all kinds; while in every item to be taken into account in the make-up of a manufacturing city comparison is CITY OF NASHUA. . 115 challenged. In this progressive age, the prospects of a city for the future are largely due to its transportation facilities. Fortunately, Nashua has great advantages of this kind, in being a great railroad centre. Railways have come to the city from all quar- ters, and have so cultivated their fields of operation that they form the largest arm of the commercial service of the community, constituting a transportation system rarely equalled by any inland city. The railway service affords immediate and cheap com- munication with all the principal business centres of New England and with the sea- board, and a large traffic is the result. With a desirable location for trade and manufactures, Nashua has been remarkably fortu- nate in possessing men qualified with both capital and energy to build up and command commercial relations with all parts of the country ; and the magnitude of the manufacturing and mercantile interests of the city, and the prospects held out for the future, are matters of general pride and gratification. The manufactories and other trade establishments of Nashua are, as a rule, successfully and intelligently directed and admirably equipped, a fact that will be fully shown in the sketches of individual business houses at the end of this chapter. The manufacturing facilities are as complete and perfect as they can be made, the custom being to employ the finest machinery, the most skilful artisans, and all accessories calculated to improve production and economize cost. Thus it has come to pass that the goods made here are in wide demand, and are considered as standard in all markets. The shops and factories of the city give employment to a large number of skilled laborers, receiving good wages ; indeed, the people are, as a rule, of the better class to be found in the cities of New England, being composed largely of industrious artisans, while the business men and capitalists are enterprising and liberal-spirited in contributing to the already phenom- enal growth and prosperity of the city. There are many wholesale and jobbing houses in the numerous lines of commerce, and these enterprises are managed with energy and tact. There are, too, numerous retail houses engaged in dry goods, millinery, fancy goods and notions, hardware, crockery and glassware, agricultural implements, stoves, tinware, house furnishing goods, etc., and a liberal distribution of establishments concerned in the handling of food supplies. Indeed, Nashua has become a great centre for supplies for populous surrounding districts; and to the credit of dealers be it said that in almost every line of merchandise they sell at prices fully as low as the cheapest houses in Boston and in some instances lower, this desideratum being attained by the Nashua merchants having in their favor less rents and taxes and less living expenses than their Boston competitors. The leading houses in the various avenues of trade are noticed in detail in the subsequent pages, and the descriptions of the different business concerns will be read with general interest and profit. These business enterprises are noted for their solid, substan- tial character, and the business men for their energy, liberality, and the hearty welcome they give to all new enterprises, being alive to the fact that the more varied the man- ufactures and commerce of the city are the more permanent and steady will be the growth and prosperity of the whole community. Nashua's banking business is one of the most potent agencies in building up the trade and the industries of the city, and, in consequence, is a large factor in the increase of her commerce and wealth. There are several ably and prudently managed banks, all in a sound and healthy condition. Nashua being a New England city, it may be taken for granted that matters of edu- cation have long been considered as of primary importance. No expense has been spared in perfecting and developing a complete system of public schools, a high and several graded schools being given adequate support and encouragement. These educational advantages naturally prove an important attraction to the manufacturer having a family of children, to whom he desires to give a first-class education at the lowest cost, and retain his children under his own roof during their schooling days. The various schools are model institutions of their kind, and are supplied with a staff of competent teachers, and with all the modern appliances and facilities for imparting instruction in the higher as well as in the elementary branches of education. The annual reports show steady and increasing attendance, gratifying progress in all grades, and the most satisfactory 116 CITY OF NASHUA. condition of affairs in every way. While the public school system has been brought to a high state of perfection, there are several private institutions that enjoy an exceptionally valuable reputation. The press, too, is noted for its influence upon the community, and no other city of its size is better supplied with ably edited newspapers. Its agency in building up the prosperity of the place has been marked and appreciated, and its liberal support and advocacy of all legitimate enterprises, public and private, its denunciation of fraud, and its championship of the right, contribute more to the happiness and well being of the people than any other single agency. Nashua is rich in churches, many of the edifices being splendid specimens of archi- 1. PILGRIM CONGREGATIONAL. 2. ROMAN CATHOLIC. 3. UNITARIAN NASHUA, CHURCHES. tecture. All the denominations are represented, and the uniformly large attendance bespeaks the high moral and religious character of the people. The City Hall is a spacious, splendid building, and the other public edifices of the city are attractive in form and ornamentation. The city government, consisting of Mayor, City Council and Board of Aldermen, and a staff of officials in different departments, has its affairs wisely and economically managed in the interests of all classes of the community. The police force is thoroughly effective and is under wise and experienced direction. The fire department is also under excellent control, and is a just source of pride to every citizen. Person and property are safe under the efficient local govern- CITY OF NASHUA. 117 ment, the population is temperate and law abiding, and general interests are carefully fostered and promoted. The hotel accommodations of the city are first-class in every respect, and travelers will always find a hearty welcome and a generous hospitality. In 1853 the Gas Works went into operation, and in the following year the Pennichuck Water Works were constructed. The City enjoys an abundant supply of pure water, and the thoroughfares, which are kept neat and clean, are illuminated by gas and electric lights. The soil of Nashua has considerable variety. The land in the east part of the town, on Merrimack River, is level and fertile, as well as some portions of the valleys of the Nashua and Salmon Brook ; but a considerable portion of the city is sandy and uneven. The location of the city is everything that can be desired. Its climate is healthy ; its broad streets and wide business thoroughfares are well paved and graded, and its num- erous elegant private residences combine to make it an attractive place in which to live. The population in 1870 was 10,543 and in 1880 it had increased to 13,397. The people generally are occupied in some useful sphere of labor, and the homes of all classes have an air of comfort and respectability about them. The city is substantially built up, clean and pleasing in appearance, and gives every evidence of a progressive spirit that is surely carrying it forward to enviable future eminence. CITY OF NASHUA. McQuesten & Co., Flour, Grain, Feed, Salt, Grass Seeds, etc., Under Baptist Church. This business was originally established in 1865 by the firm of Holt & McQuesten, and four years later Mr. Holt retired, and Messrs. Howard, Clark and Hunt became associated in the concern, the firm then becoming McQuesten & Co., and so continuing ever since, although Mr. McQuesten retired shortly after the formation of the new firm. The premises occupied consist of a com- modious store and basement with L, having altogether a total floorage area of nearly 10,000 square feet. The trade, which is very extensive, is both wholesale and. retail, and extends over a large area of the surrounding country. A spe- cialty is made of fine grades of flour, with grain, feed, salt, grass seeds, etc. The house is also agent for the celebrated Stockbridge fertilizer, and supplies the farmers for many miles around about the city. Messrs. Howard and Clark are natives of New Hampshire, while Mr. Hunt was born in Luzerne Co., Pa. They all have been long residents of Nashua, and fully identified with the city and its interests, Mr. Howard hav- ing served his fellow citizens as councilman, while Mr. Hunt has been a member of both the board of aldermen, and the city council. Mr. Clark has been a member of the board of asses- sors, and for many years clerk of the board of check lists. Miles J. Merrill, Real Estate Bought, Sold or Exchanged, Boom 9, Old Post Office Building. Mr. Merrill is a native of Amherst, this state, but has been a resident of this city ever since 1878, afc which time he founded this establishment at the present location. Mr. Mer- rill is a gentleman who is thoroughly posted in all the details of the real estate business, and has made a complete study of the law of realty, and also of the relations of the landlord and ten- ant, and he can be engaged with implicit confi- dence in all matters pertaining thereto. He makes a specialty of buying, selling or exchang- ing real estate throughout the city or state, improved or unimproved ; also the taking charge of and managing real estate, for large or small capitalists, renting and collecting rents, attending to the repairs. The public seeking investment can always rely upon his judicious advice, and the benefit of his sound judgment in effecting purchases that will not only afford a steady in- come, but also almost a certainty of increased value in the near future. Mr. Merrill is a notary public, and is now a justice of the peace. 118 J. E. Hunt, Druggist and Pharmacist, No. 79 Factory Street. One of the most careful and attentive druggists in the city of Nashua is Dr. J. E. Hunt, who is a native of Massachusetts, and is both a medical and pharmaceutical grad- uate. He received his diploma as a doctor of medicine from the University of Virginia. He engaged for the first time in the drug business in 1826, and continued that with the practice of medicine and dentistry at intervals for many years. He came to this city in 1869, and founded a drug store, which he disposed of in 1879, and immediately, during the same year, opened the present establishment. He brings to bear upon* his business trained skill and a wide range of practical experience. His large and fine estab- lishment is completely stocked with an assort- ment of pure drugs and medicines, all proprietary remedies of value, foreign and, domestic mineral waters, toilet and fancy articles, druggists' sun- dries, physicians' and surgeons' requisites, etc., while the doctor pays especial attention to the compounding of physicians' prescriptions and family recipes, filling all orders with prompti- tude and the greatest care and accuracy. As a physician he brings to bear a class of knowledge than which there is no more valuable adjunct in a pharmacy, and is well qualified to diagnose and prescribe for every form of disease. He is the oldest druggist in the city. C. H. Lindsey, Photographer, Main Sreet. Mr. C. H. Lindsey, who is a leading representative in Nashua, has achieved an enviable reputation as an accomplished artist, and having a full knowledge of every detail of the profession gained from an experience extending over nineteen years executes the very highest class of artistic work, which is finished as may be desired in oil, crayon, water colors or pastel. The portraits made by Mr. Lindsey are of lifelike character and superior finish, in cabinet, panel or smaller sizes, and in no instance has he failed to give perfect satisfac- tion to all who have visited his establishment. Handsome backgrounds and all the newest and latest appliances have been provided, which, in connection with an admirable arrangement for the management of light and shade enable him to execute work in the highest style of the art. Mr. Lindsey was born at Manchester this state where he learned the art of photography, and was engaged in the business from 1873 to 1877. A year later he located in Nashua, where he has become well known and esteemed, and he is a member of the Order of Odd Fellows. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 119 Howard & French, Manufacturers of Chamber Furniture, Factory No. 24 Amherst Street, Office and Salesroom, No. 117 Main Street. The firm of Howard & French conducts the largest and most influential establishment of its kind in the city, and have few if any supe- riors in the state. The house was originally es- tablished about forty years ago by Messrs. At- wood & Co., and their several successors have carefully fostered and maintained the enviable reputation for enterprise and progress, as well as liberal business methods, so successfully inaugu- rated by the founders of the business. Mr. How- ard, the present senior partner in the concern, became associated with Mr. E. P. Brown in 1867, and shortly afterward the firm was changed to Howard & Copp, so continuing till 1876, when Mr. Copp retired and the firm became Howard & Co. Mr. French entered the firm three years later, but the style -was not changed to Howard & French till February of the present year. The commodious and eligibly located sales establish- ment of the house consists of a section of the new Howard Block (the property of Mr. How- ard), where they occupy four stories and base- ment, giving them altogether more than 25,000 square feet of floorage area. The entire establish- ment is attractively furnished and supplied with every possible convenience and facility, including a modern passenger elevator for the accommoda- tion of the patrons, and a freight elevator for the expeditious handling of the large stock. The manufacturing plant of the house is situated on Amherst street, and consists of a main building 40x168 feet in superficial area, with annexes for furnishing storage, etc., giving them for manufac- turing purposes about 100,000 square feet, where they manufacture ash, walnut, cherry and birch chamber furniture in large variety of designs and quality', for the trade, and make a specialty of ash, walnut and birch bedsteads. The assortment of goods which crowds all the floors of their ex- tensive sales and warerooins, embraces furniture of every grade and description, carpets of all the popular American and European producers, beside a large and fine line of artistic, antique and prac- tically useful china, crockery and glassware. They display at all times the latest and freshest patterns and designs, and the most seasonable novelties. The upholstering department is well stocked with curtains, shades, lambrequins, etc., furniture coverings, cords, tassels, etc. The preparations for the prompt and satisfactory pros- ecution of the business is complete in every par- ticular, and the inducements offered by the firm in the way of quality of goods, and the prices at which they are placed, have made the house a strong favorite with consumers throughout the state. From comparatively modest beginnings, rather as an adjunct to the retail department, the manufacturing feature of the business has so rapidly developed within a few years, that it is now a very heavy industry by itself; and so popu- lar have their productions become, that the trade extends over the entire New England States, New York City and State, and goods have been shipped from this live and wide-awake establishment even to the farthest southern and western section of the country. A specialty is made of the lower priced and medium grades of chamber sets, and saparate beds, and it is fairly estimated that this concern finish more of this class of goods annu- ally than any other house in New England, the sales aggregating over $200,000 per year. Dealers will be only consulting their own interest by supplying themselves from the stock of this re- liable house, the large volume of business done enabling them to quote prices impossible to their more unassuming competitors. The influences of so progressive a house are manifold, and the city is justly and properly proud of so representative a factor in the commercial welfare and prosperity of Nashua. Flather & Co., Machinists' Tools, etc., Crown Street. A review of the industrial interests of Nashua develops the existence of a class of houses prepared to compete in the special ties they manu- facture with the rival establishments of this or any other country, and in this connection special reference is directed to the progressive concern which forms the subject of this sketch. The house was originally founded by the present firm in 1869, and first occupied comparatively limited premises on Water street, afterward removing to what was known as the old watch factory, but the rapid development of the busi- ness resulting from the superiority of machines produced, soon necessitated much more commo- dious quarters, and in 1876 the present plant was built, comprising a main machine shop with 8,000 square feet of floorage area, with annexes of boiler room, office, etc. The premises are thoroughly equipped throughout with the most modern machinery and labor saving devices and appli- ances procurable, and a large force of skilled artisans are employed in the various departments and processes of manufacture. A leading speci- alty is made of the manufacture of engine lathes, which with various meritorious and practical improvements, are made under letters patent. These lathes already hold a high position in the trade, being especially adapted to fine work where a high degree of accuracy is indispensable. They are furnished with any length of bed up to 22 feet, and so thoroughly seated and confirmed are they in public favor that from one to two dozen lathes a month is the output of the com- pany. The field of usefulness for this favorite lathe is not confined to the United States, although hundreds are in continuous operation throughout the country, but they have been exported to numerous foreign countries, principally to Russia, England, Scotland, China, Norway, Sweden, etc., and the demand for them is ever increasing, testimonials from eminent firms and corporations bearing evidence to the high character of con- struction and finish and perfect accuracy of the products of the company. Messrs. W. and W. J. Flather, comprising the members of the firm, are both natives of England, but have been resi- dents of this country for the past thirty years. They are both skilled mechanicians, having devoted a lifetime to their craft, and their prac- tical knowledge of mechanics is fully illustrated by their superior productions. The standing of this progressive house in financial and manu- facturing circles is too well known to require any remarks at our hands, while as regards integrity and true enterprise they justly merit the excel- lent record to which they have permanently attained. 120 CITY OF NASHUA. Vale Mills, Manufacturers of Cambrics and Sateens, Main Street, at Harbor. A representa- tive and truly progressive establishment engaged in the manufacture of cotton products iu the thriving city of Nashua is the subject of the pres- ent sketch. Inaugurated in 1853 under the title of the Harbor Manufacturing Co., it retained that designation till 1863, when the entire stock was acquired by Mr. B. Saunders, who caused the renovation and improvement of the entire plant, and the introduction of many practical and sys- tematic usages, at which time the name of Vale Mills was given to the works. The main mill is a commodious three-storied structure having nearly 15,000 square feet of floorage area, with en- gine room, boiler and picker room annexed ; 5,000 spindles, all ring frames, are operated. The weaving shed is 34x160 feet in dimensions and contains one hundred 40-inch looms with slash- ing. The works are driven by Risden and Her- cules Turbine wheels, while a 100 horse power engine is provided for auxiliary power when re- quired, besides furnishing steam for a complete system of heating. One hundred operatives are employed, and the products of the works comprise cambrics and sateens of a superior quality, all be- ing 40-inch goods, the popularity of which result in an annual output aggregating one and a quar- ter million yards. With the vastly improved machinery and lengthening of the looms, the ca- picity of the mill has been doubled since the ac- quisition of the property by Mr. Saunders in 1868. The water power, which is the property of the company, is known as Salmon brook, and is fed by two reservoirs 20 and 30 miles respectively from the city. These reservoirs are supplied from a natural basin of purely spring fed water, and the result is one of the best water privileges in the country. The officers of the company are, Mr. B. Saunders, treasurer and manager, and Park man Dexter, president, these gentlemen, with Mr. E. S. Russell, constituting the board of directors. The selling agents are S. B. Dexter & Co., with offices at both Boston and New York, and through whom the out put of the mills are disposed of to the large jobbers of the country. Indian Head National Bank, of Nashua, N. H. With a history of more than a third of a century the Indian Head National Bank of Nashua, N. H., has always been a prominent fig- ure among the financial institutions of the state, and has afforded a strong support to all local en- terprises of a legitimate character, its policy towards commercial, manufacturing and other in- terests calculated to promote the material growth of the city, being marked with liberality. The bank was founded in 1851 as the Indian Head Bank, and was changed to a national bank in 1863. It was re-chartered in 1883 with a capital of $120,000, and now has a surplus of over $50,000. It has correspondents of the highest responsibility at the principle points in the Union, and is pre- pared to place all matters intrusted to them upon the most satisfactory basis. During its long and honorable career the bank has gained a high po- sition in the confidence of business men and capi- talists, and enjoys the patronage of an extended list of depositors, including many of the most substantial citizens and firms in the city. The National Bank of the Republic is their correspon- dent at Boston. The president, Edward Spauld- ing, has held that position for the past eleven years, while the cashier, Frank A. McKean, has officiated as such for fifteen years, but has been connected with the bank for double that length of lime. He is also president of the Capi- tol Fire Insurance Co., of this city. The board of directors, in addition to the president, consists of Messrs. A. G. Reed, E. F. McQuiesten, D. H. Greeg, W. I. Jackman and W. H. Beasom, all of whom are prominent in commercial life and reliable and responsible iu all their dealings with the public. Tremont House, R. K. Sherman & Co., Proprietors, Corner of Main and West Pearl Streets. This old time hostelry has a history almost co-existent with the commercial record of the city, having been built by a syndicate of citi- zens about foity years ago, and conducted in their interest for a number of years. Aboutl875 Mr. Gilman Scripture, the present owner, ac- quired the property and conducted the hotel for ten years, until some eighteen months since when the present firm of R. K. Sherman & Co., became, the proprietors, Mr. Sherman having managed the hotel for Mr. Scripture for the preceding three years. Mr. Sherman has been very widely known and appreciated for the past twenty years as a popular hotel manager, having conducted a number of hotels at summer resorts as well as in cities and towns. The advantages of the Tre- mont House are manifold, it being the most cen- trally located hotel in the city, has more rooms than any other two hotels in the city, and is by all odds the most convenient to the several depots and the leading manufacturers and most promi- nent business houses. The house has been en- tirely renovated and largely refurnished, and every room is supplied with electric communica- tion with the office, while many of the rooms are especially large, light and attractive. The office, writing room, leading room, reception room, par- lor, etc., are all on the first floor, as well as the large and cheerful dining-room, which has seating accommodations for a hundred guests. Mr. Sherman gives his personal attention to the cui- sine, makes all purchases himself, and will ac- cept of nothing but the best of everything, while the preparation of the food is under the watchful eye of Mrs. Sherman, whose long association with hotels gives her especial advantages for this su- pervision. Twelve employees are required to properly and expeditiously fulfill the duties of the various departments, while Mr. O. F. Sher- man, the son of the proprietor, very efficiently and acceptably fills the arduous and responsible position of clerk. Messrs. Sherman & Co., while not aspiring to metropolitan fastidiousness in the conduct of the Tremont House, concentrate their efforts upon making a homelike and comfortable house of entertainment for travelers and other guests, and commercial men will certainly simply consult their own interest in visiting Nashua by putting up at the Tremont, where every facility is offered them for the accommodation of their patrons. This house is also a great favorite for riding and sleighing parties from Lowell, Law- rence, Manchester and adjacent towns, and mine host of the Tremont always makes their visits en- joyable and long to be remembered. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 121 Underbill Edge Tool Company and Amoskeag Axe Company (Consolidated). This representative and widely-known house was originally inaugurated more than a third of a century ago, and took its name from Geo. W. Underbill, at that time engaged in the manufac- ture of tools in a small u/ay, and the develop- ments which have been accomplished through the long series of years of enterpiise and ex- periment have placed the house far in the van among its contemporaries and competitors throughout the country. John H. Gage of Maine, and H. M. Goodrich of Nashua, were the original pyesident and secretary, respectively, and the wisdom and practical business methods of these gentlemen in laying the foundation of the enter- prise have been carefully fostered by their successors, and the enviable reputation so long ago established has been sedulously maintained and augmented. The extensive plant is most eligibly located aud covers an area of 20 acres of ground, the main building having a frontage of 300 feet and is 50 feet in width. Various other buildings are utilized for different purposes, and the motive power is furnished by a 500 horse power Corliss Engine requiring three boilers, with an anxilliary force of two 100 horse power water wheels. Eighteen large grindstones are in constant use, an axe poll machine (one of the first in use in the United States) with a capacity of eight hundred per day, and two head hammers with a capacity of four hundred each per day, are in continuous operation, while the grand aggregate of output reaches the handsome figures of from ten to twelve thousand dozen axes per year. One hundred skilled artizans are employed in the various departments and processes of construc- tion, aud the company has representatives in all the large cities of the country, including New York, Boston and Chicago. A considerable export trade is done extending even to South Africa aud Australia. In 1879 the entire plant of the Amoskeag Axe Co. was acquired by this com- pany, and the two companies were consolidated, materially enhancing the volume of the business, already of such magnificent proportions. The present board of officers consists of Mr. Jas. L. Pierce, president, and Mr. W. H. Beasom, treas- urer and manager. The former is a native of Water- town, Mass., but having been a resident of Nashua for nearly forty years he is thorouhly identified with the city and its interests, and is highly es- teemed in financial and mercantile circles for his many excellent qualities, both as a citizen and a leading commercial representative. Mr. Beasom, the efficient treasurer and manager, is a native of Nashua, his father having been connected with the enterprise from its inception, holding the office of president from 1855 till his death oc- curred in 1870, and attaining special prominence among Nashua's noted citizens of his time. His son, the present treasurer and manager, has long been identified with the interests of the concern, and is most completely conversant with all the multifarious details of the business, and in his dual capacity sustains the chief load of responsi- bility, and it is eminently due to his executive ability and sound management that the establish- ment continues uninterruptedly on its prosperous career. He is also a director of the Indian Head National Bank. lu conclusion it may be justly stated that the policy upon which this house is conducted is one of liberality and probity, and the success to which it has attained has not only been well merited, but is such as is only accorded to those firms that are governed by correct and just principles. Jackmah & Sexton, Carpets, Furniture, House Furnishing Goods, etc., No. 131 Main Street, Beasom Block. In the city of Nashua no house takes a higher position in their line than the subject of the present sketch. Founded in 1840 by the firm of Reed & Slater the history of the house has been one of continuous enterprise and progress, while the patronage has not only annually increased in volume but also in the area over which the trade of the establishment is distributed. After several changes in proprietor- ship the present copartnership was formed in 1881, both members having followed the fortunes of the houee as clerks for many years previous to succeeding to the management. Mr. Jackman having been a member of the firm of Reed & Jackman since 1872. The commodious premises occupied by this reliable concern, are centrally located in Beasom Block, the number being 131 Main street, where they occupy four floors 40x90 feet in dimensions, aggregating nearly 15,000 square feet of floorage area, constituting con- cededly the largest emporium in the city. The entire premises are handsomely and conveniently fitted up, and include a modern elevator for the facilitating of their business. From eight to a dozen assistants are required to properly and ex- peditiously serve the large line of patrons, and otherwise meet the demands upon the facilities of the house. The various departments are at all times replete with a carefully selected assort- ment of the different kinds of goods handled, which consist of carpets of both American and European production, choice designs and patterns of parlor and chamber furniture, crockery, glass- ware, wall-papers, draperies, window shades and every variety of house furnishing goods. Every- thing ia selected with the rare judgment only possible to those with long practical experience, while the prices quoted are uniformly low, the result of careful consideration in the purchase of the goods. The storage department is located in the rear of the establishment on Factory street, greatly adding to the facilities for promptly fill- ing large ciders. It may be most truly stated that this popular house is an important factor in the industrial advancement, as well as the com- mercial welfare of the city. Mr. Jackman is a native Newburyport, Mass., but his twenty-eight years of residence in Nashua has completely identified him with the city of his adoption, he having served his fellow citizens in both the board of aldermen and councilmen, and is at the present time a director in the Indian Head National Bank. Mr. Sexton was born at Hollis this state, and has been a resident here for sixteen years, and while not having held any city office is equally sincere in his efforts to promote the commercial advancement of Nashua. Both are men of energy and sound business ethics, and have had a predominating .share in the rearing of this monument to Nashua's enterprising and pro- gressive spirit, and the business of the house is conducted on a liberal basis. 12-2 CITY OF NASHUA. New Hampshire Banking Company, No. 52 Main Street. This reliable institution was chartered in 1879, and commenced business in the following year, having been incorporated as a guaranty savings bank with a guaranty fund of $100,000. Interests on deposits commence on the first business day of each month. The prem- ises used for banking purposes are conveniently and attractively fitted up, and the vaults in use are of the celebrated Hall Safe & Lock Co.'s, make, their invincible character affording the most perfect security to the depositors. From the outset this bank has gained and retained the confidence of the public to a marked degree. Money is loaned on government bonds and ap- proved securities at current rates of interest. Uuder its present wise and conservative manage- ment this bank is doing a large and safe business, its assets in August, 1887, being nearly $1,000,- 000. Its Boston correspondent is the Maverick National Bank. The officers of the bank are, Solomon Spaulding, president, and W. A. Farley, treasurer, while the board of trustees consists of the president together with the following well- known gentlemen: Edward Hardy, Albert A. Eotch, Chas. H. Nutt, Archibald H. Dunlap, David O. Smith, George Phelps, Solon S. Whithed, Charles Holman, and Eugene F. McQuesten. The president is a gentleman of large experience in financial matters, and is a native of this state, seventy-six years of age, over fifty of which he has resided in Nashua. He was for two years the president of the city court, is an ex -judge, ex-school commissioner and has also held various other responsible positions of trust. The treas- urer, although still a young man, has been con- nected with the banking business for the past eight years, and has held his present position for a year past. He is thoroughly conversant with the manifold and responsible duties of his position. The board of trustees comprises much of the solid element of the citv. White Mountain Freezer Company, Manufacturers of Sands' Patent Triple Motion White Mountain Freezer. New England has al- ways, since the foundation of the country, car- ried the palm in the feature of inventive genius, as also in developing the results thereof, and to this section the entire world is now largely in- debted for labor-saving devices of practical util- ity. A prominent illustration of the justice of this claim is exemplified in the universal popu- larity of the subject of this sketch, Sands' Pat- ent Triple Motion Ice Cream Freezer, generally known in the trade as the White Mountain Freezer. Mr. Thomas Sands, the founder and proprietor of the present extensive and far-reach- ing business, is also the inventor of the principle and action of this inmitable freezer, which has ^iven it conceded pre-eminence over all other makes almost throughout the length and breadth of the globe. Conceiving the practical ideas which govern his invention in 1873, Mr. Sands com- menced the manufacture of his freezer in a lim- ited way at Laconia, this state, after it had re- ceived the unqualified endorsement of some of the largest houses in the trade, and in a very few years the marvelous demand for this perfect freezer necessitated vastly more commodious quarters, and in 1880 the business was removed to this enterprising city, and the present large and complete plant established, with branches of two lines of railroads running into the works, thereby greatly facilitating the large and con- stantly increasing daily shipments, which aggre- gate from eight to ten thousand of the various sizes monthly. Some idea of the magnitude of the business may be conveyed by a reference to the following figures. The entire plant covers a space of 3i acres, while the numerous buildings devoted to the different departments of labor and construction, etc., are most conveniently arid ac- cessibly located. The main shop is a substantial building containing three floors 35x200 feet in di- mensions, the foundry is 40x170 feet in size, while the principal storehouse contains 6,0( square feet of floorage area with an extension 150 feet in length. The lumber dry houses have a capaeity of 40,000 feet every five days. The various departments are connected by shafting, and require the services of a 200 horse power en- gine to furnish the requisite power. Various other annex buildings are used for different pur- poses, and altogether comprise by far the largest establishment of the kind in the, world. Every- thing pertaining to the construction of the freezer is here produced from the raw material even to the clearing of the native forests for the lumber, and the purchase of the iron in the pig, thereby reducing lothe minimum thecost of construction. The works are thoroughly equipped throughout* with the most modern labor-saving machinery, appliances and appurtenances, much of which was especially designed and constructed for the particular purpose intended, many features of which emanated from the prolific brain of the founder and proprietor. In fact, every conceiva- ble device and improvement that will in the slightest degree augment the facilities for rapid and perfect production are seized upon and util- ized as fast as conceived of. One hundred and fifty skilled workmen are employed in and about the plant, besides four office assistants and a number of traveling salesmen ; a complete system is ob- served in all the various branches and altogether an admirably arranged and conducted establish- ment is the result, all under the watchful eye and management of the enterprising proprietor. The salient features which give the White Moun- tain Freezer its pre-eminence are its unapproach- able triple movement, and the fact that no sur- face of zinc comes in contact with the cream while in operation. Block tin being used in the galvanizing process in place of the zinc surface so common in 1 be make-up of other freezers. It is hard for us to add anything to the reputation of the goods manufactured by this company, as they are now in constant demand all over this and many foreign countries, large shipments even be- ing made to Italy, as well as other adjacent Eur< - pean nations, while the anmial large increase in sales not only test the enormous capacity of the works, but speaks volumes for the precedence given this perfect freezer over all competition. The company also manufacture a specially prac- tical and convenient ice crusher worked by either hand or power. This is the result of long obser- vation and experiment, and is admitted to be the best in use for the purpose intended, while it has the advantage 6ver others of being complete in every particular. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 123 Gregg & Son, Manufacturers of Doors, Sash, Blinds, etc. In reviewing a city of the import- ance properly ascribed to Nashua from a manu- facturing point of view we are frequently at a loss in properly grading the large interests as to pre-eminence in their respective fields. But in our researches among the number we are only doing justice in giving special prominence to so important a factor in the city's progress as the subject of the present sketch. The foundation of this house dates back to 1871 . During the long and steadily upward career of this enterprising house, the original plant has been materially in- creased and added to, until at the present time it is of commodious dimensions, the main building with annex, dry-room, engine-room, etc., having a ground floorage of some 12,000 square feet. The works are completely equipped with all the most modern machinery, and labor-saving appli- ances and devices known to the trade, and em- ployment is given to one hundred and fifty work- men in the various departments and processes of construction. The products of the house com- prise sash, doors, blinds, brackets, stair rail and balusters, mouldings, mantels and mantel shelves, window and door frames. Planing, sawing and turning is done to order, and house finish of all descriptions furnished at short notice. In the glazing department may be found a full line of regular sized glazed windows, irregular sizes be- ing made, and glazed with all the various quali- ties and kinds of gloss desired. Special attention is given to the making of solid and veneered hardwood doors, hardwood finish and inside blinds. These goods embrace all the styles and patterns adapted to the wants of the trade, the raw material being selected with a judgment born of long and ripe experience. No concern in the country is more reliable in this and all other re- spects, and none can more thoroughly command the advantages and opportunities of the market. A specialty is made of marbleized wood shelves and mantels, made from selected hardwoods, principally birch and maple. These goods are manufactured under letters patent, and they are fast coming into popular and steady demand, it being the unanimous opinion of builders and oth- ers who have used and tested them, that they are in many important respects far superior to either marble or slate. Among the many advantages possessed by the marbleized shelving is its capa- bilities for variety of patterns, for taking a high state of permanent polish, its non-liability to injury by breakage or its complete resistance to chemicals and oils, its lightness and adaptability to being readily fixed in position, and altogether its genera) durability, while the cost is no greater than the ordinary marble or slate fixtures. In addition to the marbleized mantels, the firm has recently introduced the manufacture of full man- tels, in all kinds of wood, for natural finish, such as whitewood, ash, cherry, black walnut, oak, mahogany, etc. In this department may be seen new patterns of unique and elegant designs, varving in cost to suit the requirements of the trade, and in all cases as low as the lowest. Spe- cial styles are made from architects' designs when so desired. It is proposed to make this department an important feature of their manu- facture, meriting the patronage of the trade. The large an<1 constantly increasing patronage of this establishment extends over the entire New England states, and the volume of trade is due to the progressive principles early inaugurated and carefully fostered. Both Mr. Gregg, Sr., and son, are natives of this state, and long residents of Nashua, being highly regarded locally and in the trade as far-sighted men of liberal business methods and unswerving integrity. Those who form business relations with this house may do so in the complete confidence of having their interests consulted in each and every transaction. American Shearer Manufacturing Company, Manufacturers of Human Head and Horse Clippers, No. 314 Main Street. To this company attaches the credit of having produced the first clipping machines manufactured, as also to its president, Mr. R. T. Smith, belongs the honor of having conceived of the application of the principle of the clipper to an instrument for the removal of the human and horses' hair. The company was founded in 1865 on Water street, this city, and during its career of more than twenty years, has made several changes in loca- tion for the sake of increased facilities rendered necessary by the steadily advancing demand for their goods, the natural result of theii superiority of workmanship and finish. The company have recently taken possession of their new plant lo- cated at the harbor at No. 314 Main street The premises consist of a substantial brick struc- ture, three stories in height, with a frontage of 70 feet and a depth of 80 feet. The two lower stories are occupied by the Shearer Co., and they are completely equipped with the new and special machinery designed and constructed for thf purpose. A 30 horse power engine with 90 horse power boiler, furnishes the motive power, and from forty to fifty skilled mechanics are em- ployed in the various departments and processes of construction. "With an authorized capital of $40,000, and double the capacity of their former works, the company are now prepared to fill all orders promptly and satisfactorily. Although the leading features of the business are clipping machines of every description, barbers' clippers and cyclometers, other specialties in their line are manufactured to order as required. The offi- cers of the company are, R. T. Smith, president, and J. K. Priest, treasurer and manager, both gentlemen being well and favorably known in manufacturing and mercantile circles for their in- tegrity and correct business methods. The direc- tors, Messrs. A. E. Sanderson, Howard E. Priest and Fred. K. Priest, are representative business men, whose efforts in behalf of the interests of the company in conjunction with the officers, fully merit the large measure of success which has been attained by this important industry The inventive genius of the president of the com- pany, Mr. R. T. Smith, has of late been applied to the invention and perfection of machinery for producing by power hamburg embroideries which have heretofore only been produced by hand work. It is the intention of the company organized for the purpose, to furnish the completed machinery, as also to enter into the manufacture of embroid- eries themselves at an early date. This practical and wonderful advance in the method of produc- ing these goods will naturally revolutionize the production of these goods. 124 CITY OF NASHUA. First National Bank, Main Street. One of the most important adjuncts of a successful business community are the fiduciary institution that secures a safe and quick exchange in the monetary affairs. In this city we specially refer to the above popular bank has, since its inception, maintained an unbroken record of prosperity. A general banking business is done. Stocks and bonds are negotiated, collec- tions are made on all points, drafts are issued on American banks, and correspondence is main- tained with the chief cities, the regular author- ized correspondents being the Commonwealth National Bunk, of Boston, and the Nassau Na- tional Bank, of New' York City. The capital is $100,000, while the surplus is $5,500 and the un- divided profits over $5,000. The connection of the bank are of the most desirable and gratify- ing character. The offices of the bank are neatly and attractively fitted up, and have a floorage area of over 1,800 square feet. Three assistants are employed, and a liberal share of the local business is permanently enjoyed. The board of officers consist of Geo. A. Eamsdell, president ; J. A. Spaldiug, cashier; and W. E. Spalding, as- sistant cashier, all natives of New Hampshire. Mr. Ramsdell has held the office of president for five years, while Mr. J. A. Spalding has officiated as cashier for nearly twenty-five years. He also holds the position of president of the Indian Head Mutual Fire Insurance Co., while his son has been assistant cashier for five years. The board of directors consists of the president and cashier, together with Messrs. L. A. Roby, I. D. Greeley, Chas. Holman, Solon S. Whithead and Chas. H. Burns, all gentlemen of standing in the Community, and among the most prominent busi- .less men and leading citizens of Nashua. Williams & Co., Successors to Francestown Soapstone Company. An especially noteworthy instance of progressive enterprise is furnished in the career of the house which is the subject of the present sketch. The Francestown Soapstone Co. was duly incorporated under the laws of the state in 1865, with a capital stock of $150,000, which was four years later increased to $300,000, and Williams & Co. are the successors thereof. Their office, salesroom and factory are located op- posite the Concord railroad station, while they are sole owners of both the Francestown quarry at Francestown, N. H., and the Hawk's Mountain quarry at Perkinsville, Vt., and are conceededly the most extensive soapstone quarriers and dealers in the entire world. Besides the vast quantities of soapstone slabs, blocks and furnace tiles sold in balk, per square or cubic foot or ton, they are ex- tensive wholesale dealers in soapstone sinks, water tanks, wash trays, register frames, round grate stones, fireplace linings, hearths, foot warm- ers, griddle stones, chimney caps, funnel stones, etc., also a large line of soapstone stoves, revolv- ing oven bottoms, factory dresser rolls, oyster and fish bars, urinals, chemical vats, sarcophagi, crude, siftad and bolted dust, etc. Francestown soap- stone is acknowledged by all dealers, architects and plumbers who have used it to be the best in the market, and is adopted as the standard by the U. S. Government. For strength, durability, fineness of texture, perfection of polish, beauty and rich- ness of color, it surpasses all others. It is spe- cially adapted for laundry tubs, kitchen sinks and other sanitary appliances as the most pene- trating oils, acids, alkalies, and strongest chem- ical combinations do not penetrate or effect it in the least. It is a wonderful fire-proof stone, and has been submitted to the effects of heat and cold without expansion or contraction. It is the only soapstone that is susceptible of a polish equal to marble or granite, and the polished goods are extensively used where an economical as well as handsome sanitary or fire-proof article is de- sired. The specially advantageous freighting facilities ol this well-known house are such that goods can be shipped at a very low rate, the same rates as from Boston to any point in the United States. The extensive works of this concern are comprised in a building having a floorage area of nearly 30,000 square feet,'modernly fitted up, and equipped with all the machinery, aparatus and labor-saving devices requisite to the business, and the motive power is furnished by a 100 horse power engine, and a 100 horse power boiler. A large force of skilled workmen are employed at the factory, while nearly double that force are required at both the quarries and the factories, with steam apparatus for manufacture of goods. Thousands of tons of soapstone is the annual out- put of this unrivalled establishment. Among the many important institutions and buildings throughout the country in which the products of this house have been largely used, special men- tion can most properly be made of the U. S. Ma- rine Hospital, at Baltimore, Md.; the U. S. Mili- tary Academy, at West Point ; the Government Buildings, at Washington, including White House; Palace Hotel, San Francisco, ai;d else- where ; the New Court House at Quincy, 111., and many others. It is almost superfluous to add that all orders receive prompt attention and care- ful consideration, and that those entering into business relations with this prosperous and en- terprising concern may do so with implicit confi- dence in their honor and integrity, and with a complete surety of having their best interests consulted in the case of each and every transac- tion. Gen. Chas. Williams, the president of the com- pany, is a man of many parts, long, well and favor- ably known in the financial, insurance and mer- cantile world, and beside being' the respected head of this manifold industry, he is an honored member of the governor's council, and a di- rector of the Amoskeag and People's Fire Insur- ance Cos., of Manchester, and of the Nashua Horse Railroad Co, Nashua Acton & Boston Railroad, Trustee Elliott Hospital fund, Man- chester, and York Beach Railroad. Mr. A. H. Williams, the efficient treasurer and manager, graduated at Dartmouth College, 1885, is thor- oughly conversant with each and every detail of all departments of the business, and gives close application and supervision to every feature and process. He is a director of the Capitol Fire In- surance Co., of Nashua, and is most fairly en- titled to the consideration and esteem in which he is held by the entire trade. Hon. Chas. H. Bartlett assumes the office of secretary, and has the interest of the company in view in all of his transactions in connection therewith. Not only the city of Nashua, but the entire state takes just pride in the local claim they have upon this far- reaching and eminently useful industry. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 125 The Indian Head Mutual Fire Insur- ance Company, With less than a year of business life this company is already established on a sound financial basis, and gives strong evi- dence of rapidly pushing its way to the van among its many more mature competitors for public favor. Organized in November, 1885, at the close of fourteen calender months of business, its showing as portrayed below would be an eminently creditable one even to corporations of much larger growth, and can be properly and justly accepted as a precursor of future progress. Assets. Cash in hand and in banks, $4,079.43; loans on mortgages, $5,950.00; premiums in course of collection, $1,688.40; accrued interest, $183.05; premium notes and obligations, $16,511.78 ; total assets, $28,412.66. Liabilities guaranty fund $5,000.00; unearned premiums, reckoned at fifty per cent. $4,127.94; commissions due agents on uncollected premiums, $219.26; surplus above guaranty fund, and unearned premiums, $19,- 065.46; total, $28,412.66 ; amount at risk (first fourteen months business), $556,902.96; cash premiums thereon, $8,255.89; net surplus, $2,- 553.68. Mr. Jno. A. Spaulding, the president of the company, has demonstrated his eminent fit- ness for this responsible position from having served the First National Bank of Nashua as cashier ever since its inception in 1863, while Mr. Mark R. Buxton, the secretary, has long been well and favorably known in both mercantile and financial circles, and has had eight years of ex- perience in active connection with insurance matters. The business of the company, although as yet largely local, 13 rapidly developing and ex- tending, and by a continuance of its sound methods, and just and equitable adjustment of losses will rapidly gain a leading position among the underwriters of the state. J. O. Woodward & Cory, Manufacturers and Dealers of Fine Harnesses, Saddles, Whips, etc., Eailroad Block, Railroad Square. The busi- ness has been established fully fifty years, and is concededly the oldest as well as the representa- tive house in their line in the city. The prem- ises occupied consist of a store and workroom 20x70 feet in dimensions, conveniently fitted up and admirably equipped. The house carries everything in the line of horse furnishing goods, while repairing in all their branches is attended to at short notice, and in the best possible man- ner. Trunks and traveling bags of every size, style and quality are kept in stock, and the trade of the house is large and continually increasing, and extends over the city and sur- rounding country. Mr. J. O. Woodward suc- ceeded to the business in 1874, and three years afterward Mr. Cory was associated with him, and since then the firm name has been J. O. Woodward & Cory. Mr. Woodward is a native of New Hampshire, and having been a resident of Nashua for twenty years past, is thoroughly identified with the commercial interests of the city. He is an active member of the I. O. O. F., and is esteemed and respected by his fellow citi- zens for his integrity and correct business meth- ods. Mr. Cory is a nalive of Vermont, and has resided in the city since 1870. He is also a mem- ber of the I. O. O. F., and is considered both a useful as well as a popular citizen. J. Li. Pierce & Co., Crockery, Glassware, Paper Hangings, etc., Main Street. This reliable concern, which consists of Mr. J. L. Pierce and his son, Geo. R. Pierce, was originally established more than a third of a century ago by the firm of Coggin & Pierce. Ten years afterwards Mr. Pierce succeeded to the proprietorship, and con- ducted the business in his own name till 1878, when his sons were admitted into the firm, since which time it has been known as J. L. Pierce & Co. The premises occupied by this popular house comprise a commodious store and basement, cen- trally located on Main street, and having an ag- gregate floorage area of nearly 5,000 square feet. The store is tastefully and conveniently fitted up throughout, and the stock, which is at all times large and complete in assortment, consists of paper hangings and window shades, china, crock- ery, glassware, etc., while a specialty is made of fine silver plated ware. The stock is being con- stantly replenished with newly imported and do- mestic goods of novel designs and standard quali- ties. Three assistants are employed, and the leg- itimate field for the distribution of their goods extends over a considerable area of the surround- ing country. J. L. Pierce & Co. are the agents for the celebrated wall covering so widely known as Lincrusta Walton, also for the best quality of mica papers. Mr. Pierce, Sr., is a native of Wa- tertown, Mass., but having resided in Nashua since 1849, he has become thoroughly identified with the city and its interests. He holds the position of president of the Underhill Edge Tool Co., and has served his city as a member of the board of aldermen. Mr. Pierce, Jr. , is a native of Nashua, and gives his entire time and attention to the details of the business. LiUCier & Perrault, Dry Gooda, Millinery, etc., Howard Block, Opposite City Hall. This enterprising and popular concern was established in 1877, and for the ten years of its history has been continuously augmenting its facilities for expeditiously serving its rapidly increasing trade, and constantly adding to the variety and assort- ment of goods carried. The premises occupied as salesrooms and office, etc. , consist of a commo- dious and well appointed store and basement, aggregating nearly 6,000 square feet of floorage area. Ten assistants are required in the various departments, and the stock is always kept up to the Al mark in every particular. Full and complete lines of dry goods, both domestic and imported, millinery, silks and dress goods, suits and cloaks, hosiery and underwear, embroideries and laces, trimmings and buttons, gloves, parasols and umbrellas, domestics, and notions are at all times carried, and a specialty is made of fine watches and jewelry, etc., in fact, everything requisite to a first-class establishment. Arrange- ments have been long ago perfected for securing the freshest goods and leading novelties as soon as they are ready for the trade. Both Messrs. Lucier & Perrault are Canadians by birth, owning Quebec as the place of nativity, but having resided in this country for the greater portion of a score of years, they have become fully identified with the land of their adoption. They have displayed much energy and perseverance in pushing their enter- prise to the forefront, and justly merit their large measure of popularity. 126 CITY OF NASHUA. Nashua Lock Company, Manufacturers of Builders' Hardware; Fine Castings in Brass and Iron. Among the considerable number that have gained a more than national reputation for the superiority of their wares, special prominence should unhesitatingly be given to the well-known and reliable Nashua Lock Co. This house has a history dating back more than half a cen- tury, having been originally established in 1833 by the firm of J. D. Orteron & Co. After a suc- cessful career of about thirty years the present company was duly incorporated in 1862. About twenty years since the rapid growth of patronage rendered necessary the establishment of the pres- ent plant, which has been added to and improved upon from time to time as such annexes became indispensable, until, at the present writing, twelve large two-storied buildings, aggregating 350,000 square feet of ground space are utilized in the various departments and processes of man- ufacture. The premises are completely equipped with all the latest improved appliances, tools and automatic machinery, operated by a powerful steam engine. Two hundred and fifty skilled operatives are employed, and the output of the house aggregates the handsome amount of $200,000 annually. A specialty is made of fine grade and first quality builders' hardware, made from carefully selected stock, being unrivalled for quality, finish, utility, reliability and general excellence. The company publish a large illus- trated and handsomely bound catalogue of its specialties, which is furnished to the trade upon application. With an authorized capital of a quarter of a million, the company have a paid up capital of nearly $130,000, while the sales throughout this and foreign countries are annually largely augmented. The Boston office is at No. 36 Pearl street, while for the convenience of its many western patrons, an office and salesroom have been established at No. 148 Lake street, Chi- cago. The officers are, A. C. Barstow, president ; H. G. Bixby, treasurer, and Emery Parker, super- intendent. J. TLJ. Barker & Co., Choice Groceries, Flour, Pure Teas, Coffees and Spices, No. 43 Main Street. This business has been established for more than ten years, and for three years was car- ried on by Mr. F. E. Burns, who was succeeded by Messrs. J. L. Barker & Co. in 1887. The store is commodious and admirably adapted to business purposes, and well stocked with a choice assortment of staple and fancy groceries of all kinds, including the finest teas and coffees, pure spices, family flour, hermetically sealed goods in tin and glass, provisions, table delicacies and con- diments, etc. A large, substantial business is carried on, and Mr. Barker, who conducts the business upon sound, liberal principles, is enjoy- ing a well merited success. He is a thorough- going business man, his experience in the trade extending over thirty years. He is a native of Vermont, and was born at Thetford. In 1865 he entered upon his business career as proprietor of a store at Caudia, N. H., and about 1882 he moved to Nashua, and for several years was a member of the firm of Barker Bros. Mr. Barker is a member of high degree in the Masonic Order, and also of the Order of Odd Fellows, and is a gentleman of sterling worth. Henry Stearns, Commission Merchant and Dealer in Flour and Grain, Railroad Square, Op- posite N. L. Freight Depot. Founded more than a third of a century ago, or to be exact in 1853, by Solomon Spaulding, this house has continued to cultivate and maintain the enviable reputation originally inaugurated at the inception of the business, and the result has been a prosperous and successful record. In 1856 the firm was changed to Spaulding & Foster, and again in 1857 to Spaulding & Stearns, and finally, in 1873, Mr. Stearns assumed the entire proprietorship, and has since continued the management of the busi- ness, having received his earlier education in the details by his service as clerk in the employ of the founder from 1853 to 1857. The premises consist of a substantial and commodious building with three stories and basement, and 60x125 feet in dimensions, with an annex warehouse on the B. & L. railroad track with two stories 30x100 feet, and one story 25x40 feet in superficial area. Four assistants and three trucks are required to properly and expeditionsly handle the vast quan- tities of flour and grain passing through the establishment. The trade is principally whole- sale, and with the superior facilities enjoyed for the transaction of a large business, a thorough knowledge of the requirements, and the most de- sirable connections with producers and packers, Mr. Stearns is enabled to offer inducements to the trade which are equal, if not superior, to those obtainable from any other quarter. Mr. Stearns is a native of Lexington, Mass. , but hav- ing resided here for the past thirty-four years he has become completely identified with the inter- ests of the city. Flanders & Wesson, Dealers in Beef, Pork, Veal, Mutton, Lamb and Poultry, Frnit, Vegetables, Canned Goods, etc. The individual members of this firm are Edwin D. Flanders, who was born in Alton, N. H., in 1859, and a resident of this city since 1883, with an experience of over six years in the business ; and L. Fred Wesson, a native of this state and of the same age as his partner, but was reared in Nashua, and has been in this line of trade since 1873. The house was founded originally by Mr. C. H. Kittredge in 1872 and the present firm succeeded in April, 1886. The store is of spacious dimensions, cen- trally and conveniently located, handsomely fitted up and arranged with special reference to the trade, which involves the daily receipt and handling of large quantities of fresh beef, pork, veal, mutton, lamb, poultry, game in season, for- eign and domestic fruits, berries, canned goods, vegetables, fine creamery butter, egcs and other products of the farm and dairy. The best im- proved refrigerators for furnishing cold storage for the preservation of perishable articles are in operation, and these insure at all times pure and wholesome food during hot weather at the lowest prices. All orders are filled promptly, neatness and cleanliness is observable on every hand, and the proprietors devote their personal attention to every detail of the business. Messrs. Flanders and Wesson are wide-awake, energetic and square-dealing young men, and are very popular with all who know them. Mr. Flanders is an active and prominent member of the Knights of Pythias. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 127 Capital Fire Assurance, Office, Howard Block, Main Street. This company was in- corporated in February, 1886, and during its comparatively short life its progress has been marked by a management of sound executive and financial ability, resulting in the display to the public at the end of the first ten months of busi- ness of the following statement, which speaks for itself in the strongest terms, and forms a con- vincing proof and argument to insurers : Assets, cash on hand, and in bank, $5,223.69 ; loans on mortgages and colateral, $28,075.00; demand notes, 11,000.00; bonds and stocks, $21,385.00- gross premiums in course of collection, $2,508.90 ; accrued interest $1,283.46 , office furniture, sup- plies, etc., $500.00 ; total, $69,976.05. Liabilities : cash capital, $50,000.00 ; reserve for re-insurance 50 per cent., $13,924.58; commissions due agents on uncollected premiums, $350.50; net surplus, $5,700.97 ; surplus to policy holders, $55,700.97. In comparison with many older companies The Capitol presents an unusually enviable state- ment, and its progress since the issuing of the same has been even more marked and satisfac- tory. In addition to their own large and sub- stantial business this company acts as agenta for the following well-known and responsible com- panies : The Amoskeag Fire, of Manchester ; the Mascome Fire, of Lebanon ; the Guaranty Fire, of Great Falls ; the Concord Fire, of Concord ; the Cheshire Mutual, of Cheshire ; and the Indian Head Mutual, of Nashua, all of New Hampshire. The officers of the company are. Frank A. Mc- Kean, president, and Mark R. Buxton, secretary. The former is a native of Nashua, and has been connected with the Indian Head National Bank for thirty years, one-half of which he has held the responsible position of cashier ; while Mr. Buxton, the secretary, although a native of Vermont, hav- ing resided in Nashua for thirty years, is com- pletely identified with the interests and welfare of the city. Nashua Savings Bank, of Nashua, N. H. This bank is recognized as one of the oldest and soundest financial institutions in the state, hav- ing been originally incorporated under the laws of the state of New Hampshire as long ago as 1854. Its career has been one of unbroken pros- perity, while under its present wise and conser- vative management it is- favored with a large line of deposits, all of its movements being worked by prudence caution, and honorable business methods. Prompt, obliging and efficient in their dealings with the public, the officers are natur- ally popular, and maintain the credit of the bank in all the amenities of social life, as well as in the discharge of the responsibilities incumbent upon them as officials. The following statement of the condition of the bank on July 1st, 1887, speaks volumes for its management, and is a prophetic precursor of its future honorable and progressive career, under equally favorable auspices as its past history has been fortunately favored with. " To the bank commissioners of the state of New Hampshire. Condition of the Nashua Savings Bank of Nashua, in the county of Hillsborough, on the first day of July, 1887. Statement. Lia- bilities. Due depositors, $2,805,241.76 ; surplus. $105,304.23; guaranty fund, $130,000.00 : premium at market value, $221,580.21 ; total, $3,262,126.20. Resources. Market value. Loans on real estate, $1,132,163.83; loans on personal security, $45,- 000.00; loans on collateral security, $35,507.00; bonds, miscellaneous, $368,500.00 ; county, city, town and district bonds, $303,212.50 ; bank stock, $397,380.00; railroad stock, $284,350.00 ; railroad bonds, 316,050.00 ; other investments, $327,666.- 23 ; balance on deposit in Indian Head Banks, $29,281.89; International Trust Co., $6,396.67; cash, $16,618.08 ; total, $3,262,126.20. Resources. Par value. Loans on real estate, $1,132,163.83; loans on personal security, $45,000.00 ; loans on colateral security, $35,507.00; bonds, miscellane- ous, $368,500.00 ; county, city, town and district bonds, $293,418.89; bank stock, $305,790.00; rail- road stock, $281,600.00; railroad bonds, $297,000.- 00 ; other investments, $238,286.23 ; balance on de- posit in Indian Head Bank, $29,281.89; Interna- tional Trust Co., $6,396.67; cash, $16,618.08; total, $3,049,562.59. Resources. Value on books. Loans on real estate, $1,132,163.83 ; loans on per- sonal security, $45,000.00 ; loans on collateral security, $35,507.00 ; bonds, miscellaneous, $366,- 525.00; county, city, town and district bonds, $294,712.50 ; bank stock, $306,450.00 ; R.R. stock, $273,804.79; railroad bonds, $297,000.00; other investments, $237,086,23 ; balance on deposit in Indian Head Bank, $29,281.89; International Trust Co., $6,396.67 ; cash, $16, 618. 08 ; total, $3,- 040,545.99. Nashua, N. H., August 3, 1887. We, the undersigned, committee of the trustees of the Nashua Savings Bank, do severally solemnly swear that we have made a thorough examina- tion of its aifairs and that the foregoing statement by us made is true, according to our best knowl- edge and belief. So help us God. Augustus G. Reed, G. C. Shattuck, committee of the trustees. Personally appearing, the above named Augustus G. Reed and G. C. Shattuck made oath to the foregoing statements, before me, Geo. F. Andrews, Justice of the Peace." The officers of the bank are, Wm. W. Bailey, president, and Virgil C. Gil. man, treasurer, who together with Messrs. Ed. Spaulding, Aug. G. Reed, Perley,Dodge, Chas. H. Campbell, Jos. L. Pierce and G. A. Shattuck, form the board of trustees, all of whom are prom- inent in financial, manufacturing and mercantile circles. Rnfiis Fitzgerald, Manufacturer of Leather Belting, etc., Corner of Main and Park Streets. For seventeen years this enterprising house has conducted the above business at the present location, and during these long series of years, the patronage has been on the continuous increase, owing to the uniform excellence of qual- ity of the goods produced. The works comprise a spacious floor 25x70 feet in dimensions, appro- priately and conveniently fitted up for facilitating operations, and a fine and complete stock is at all times carried, comprising thewell-known stretched leather belting, railroad bell cord , loom strapping, sewing machine belting, etc. They have also constantly on hand the very best quality of belt and lace leather, belt hooks, belt rivets, etc. Re- pairing of all kinds is promptly attended to. Having been a resident of Nashua for the past twenty -seven years, Mr. Fitzgerald is closely iden- tified with the interests of the city. He is a member of both the F. and A. M. and K. of P., and is held in high esteem. 128 CITY OF NASHUA. The Crosby Invalid Furniture Com- pany, Nos. 46 and 48 Lowell Street. It is more than twenty years since Dr. Josiah Crosby con- ferred a great blessing upon suffering humanity by the invention of his now well-known and widely popular invalid bed. After it had received the unanimous endorsement of the medical fra- ternity as to principle of construction, various im- provements were added, and four distinct patents were secured from June, 1876, to September, 1884. The first company was formed under the name of The Sargent Invalid Furniture Co. in 1884 and was succeeded in 1886 by the present company, at which time it was duly incorporated under the laws of the state, with a capital of $20,000. The present premises consists of a substantial build- ing, four stories in height, with a floorage area of nearly 10,000 square feet, completely equipped with the most modern machinery and appliances, the motive power being supplied by a 20 horse power engine. Twenty employees are required . in meeting the continuous and rapidly increasing demand upon the facilities of the works. The Crosby invalid bed is the best constructed and the most convenient invalid bed on the market, and is offered at less than half the price of any other. It affords easy access to the body in all cases of fractures, amputations, acute rheumatism, consumption, etc., and permits the clothing to be changed and the bed made up without mov- ing the patient, thus securing perfect cleanliness and ventilation without fatigue or annoyance to the invalid. Hundreds of them are in use, and it has been adopted by the U. S. Government and other large hospitals throughout the country. They are unquallifiedly endorsed by the medical profession, and wherever used have invarably given the fullest satisfaction. It can be operated by a child ten years old when necessary, changing the position of the invalid with the utmost ease and without inconvenience. That it was the only patent bed used by the late President Gar- field during his long and tedious suffering, having been selected by his surgeons from the large num- ber offered, speaks volumes for its practicability and popularity. A fully equipped machiue works is combined with the factory, where in ad- dition to the iron work of the bed the company also manufacture cotton mill specialties, includ- ing Saunder's top grinder, machinery clocks, etc., and Ladd's patent card grinder; manufacturing of patented articles, and repairing of machinery of all kinds is promptly and intelligently attended to. The above cut will give the reader an idea of this excellent bed, and from it a better idea can be secured than by a more extended review. The present board of officers consists of H. H. Eeed, president, and G. W. Whittemore, manager and treasurer. These gentlemen are untiring in their efforts to further the interests of the company, and command the respect and consideration of the trade and com- munity by their integrity, probity and honorable business dealings. Nashua Bobbin and Shuttle Company, Bobbins, Spools and Shuttles. A house with a history of over half a century, although not posi- tively an anomoly in this the older section of the country, is at least exceptional, and carries with it substantial proof of the stability of the busi- ness, and superior character of the goods pro- duced. Such a record has the subject of the pres- ent sketch. Co-existent with the town itself, having been founded in a small way by Josephus Baldwin in 1835, when the city was a village, it has grown with the growth of the city, which later it has had a large influence in securing, and the Nashua Bobbin and Shuttle Co. is now not only the very largest concern in its line in the country, but concededly the plant of the greatest dimensions in the world, covering as it does in its various departments and ramifications fully three acres of ground space. From 1862 till 1885 the firm was Eaton & Ayer, in which latter year on the retirement of Mr. Eaton the present com- pany was organized. About two hundred skilled workmen are employed, and the tools and ma- chines incident to the business are manufactured on the premises, blacksmiths and machine shops being provided for the purpose. The productions consist of bobbins, spools and shuttles for the use of all kind of textile manufacturers, and the house has long supplied a very large proportion of the most important works in the country. New Hampshire woods are chiefly used, birch and maple being the principle stock handled. The present officers. F. H. Ayer, treasurer; G. H. Hatch, secretary, and Ira Cross, superintendent, have long been associated with the enterprise, and are highly regarded in financial and manufactur- ing circles. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 129 Moody, Estabrook & Andersons, Manufacturers of and Wholesale Dealers in Boots and Shoes. There are some houses in every manufacturing center whose steadily successful career, heavy and extensive transactions, and otherwise solid qualities, make them landmarks in the history of the place, and prime factors in the commerce and prosperity of the future aggran- dizement. Of such the house of Moody, Esta- brook & Andersons is a prominent representa- tive. The business here was founded in 1879 by the firm of Estabrook & Andersons Bros., and eighteen months later Mr. Moody assumed the senior partnership of the concern. The original premises occupied by this house were commodi- ous in proportions, the building being 34x80 feet in height, afterwards increased to 34x160, but the continuous and unprecendented augumentation of their patronage rendered a very considerable increase in their facilities imperatively necessary after five years of experience of their supposedly ample accommodation. In 1885 the present ex- tensive plant was erected, having been especially designed and constructed with a view to the most convenient and successful prosecution of their now enormous business, constituting as now com- pleted and occupied by all odds eoncededly the largest and finest structure in the country devoted solely to the manufacture of boots and shoes, be- ing entirely of brick with a frontage of 172 feet, and a depth of 194 feet, with four stories and basement, having the enormous floorage area of over 60,000 square feet. They give constant employment to nearly five hundred operatives, and find use in their various departments, and processes of manufacture for one hundred and twenty-five stitching machines, four Mackay sewing machines and two Wardwell machines, eight standard screw machines, two Giant leveling machines, five Buzzell trimming machines, six Dodge edge setting machines, four Buzzell heel trimming machines, three Tapley heel burnishing machines and five sole cutting machines, together with all the most modern machinery, appliances and labor-saving devices known to the trade. A 100 horse power Eollins engine furnishes the motive power, and a Thompson & Houston electric light plant on the premises provides the entire works with three hundred and fifty incandescent lights. The capacity of this vast establishment is 5,000 pairs per day, to which point the works will soon attain, making as they are at the present writing within a very few hundred pairs of this maximum num- ber. The house makes a specialty of medium grade goods, and in the selection of raw material as well as in the many processes through which the shoe passes previous to completion, a most thorough system of inspection and supervision is employed, resulting in the high standard of stock, workmanship and superiority of finish so much and practically appreciated throughout the large area over which the trade of the house is distributed. No concern in the country is more reliable in this respect, and none can more thor- oughly command the advantages and opportuni- ties of the market in the matter of purchase of stock. The large and still increasing patronage of the establishment is due not only to the un- qualifiedly high character of the goods produced, but fully as much to the honorable spirit of equity and fair dealing that pervades the man- agement, and which is an earnest that the house will continue to prosper and be a potent instru- mentality in the growth and welfare of the city and state. All of the partners have been con- nected with the manufacturing of boots and shoes during their entire business career, and are in consequence specially qualified for furthering the interests of their large establishment. They are also all natives of New Hampshire, excepting Mr. Estabrook, who was born in Grofton, Mass. Mr. Moody has a stock farm at Claremont. The Bos- ton office and salesrooms are located at Nos. 45 and 47 Lincoln street. Mr. Estabrook makes his residence at Nashua, and divides his time be- tween the factory and Boston office. He is also treasurer of the Nashua Electric Light Co., and director of the Second National Bank. The Messrs. Geo. E. and Frank E. Andersons, the junior members of the firm, also reside at Nashua and have the supervision of the factory. The names of the members of the firm carry respect, and the confidence in which they are held, and the active interest they take in local affairs for the general benefit of the city, makes further personal mention entirely unnecessary. They are all members of the New England Boot and Shoe Association, and active in its councils and man- agement. S. D. Chandler, Proprietor, Nashua Elevator and Grist Mill, Main Street, Near Worcester Depot. This house enjoys a great advantage from the fact of its owning and controlling the only elevator and grist mill in the city, and from the nature of things both being of large capacity, the elevator accommodating 40,000 bushels, and the mill grinding 1,000 bushels daily. The mill and elevator building is a substantial three-story structure 34x160 feet in dimensions, conveniently and admirably fitted up with all the modern machinery, appliances and labor-saving and per- fecting devices known to the trade, and operated by a 60 horse power engine. Flour, grain, lime and cement are the staple features. This business was established in 1866, and in 1869 an adjunct to the business was founded in the shape of a manufactory of hydraulic cement sewer pipe, and being the only enterprise of a like character in the city or vicinity, a large field has been secured for the distribution of the output. The combi- nation of the two features are specially appropri- ate as the same class of dealers and consumers handle and require both classes of productions. Mr. Chandler started in business originally in Hingham as long ago as 1851, and two years later he opened a bakery in Nashua, which he con- ducted for about seven years and then retired from the business, and for six years subsequently he was in Boston and New York City, returning here in 1866 to inaugurate his present flourishing enterprise. During his twenty-one years of resi- dence in Nashua Mr. Chandler has become closely identified with the city's development and pro- gress, and has filled many positions of honor and trust, including those of councilman, alderman and mayor, and he is at present a director in the Second National Bank. It would be superfluous to treat in this article of the high estimation he is held in by his fellow citizens, as their appre- ciation has been practically demonstrated. 130 CITY OF NASHUA. Londonderry Liitliia Spring Water Company. Among the innumerable spring waters with which this and other sections of the country teems, it might seem invidious to particularize a special water as sur- passing all others in remedial virtues and curative properties in the case of the diseases for which it is claimed to be a panacea, but it is not partiality to give to the Londonderry Lithia Spriug Water its just dues. The spring from which this wonderful nature's specific is obtained is located in the old town of Londonderry, about six miles from Nashua, and has been known as a healing spring for a hun- dred years past, and tradition has it that the Indians used formerly to dance and go through their incanta- tions around this spring, to appease the healing spirit supposed to dwell therein, and it is a fact easy of dem- onstration that the present generation living in the vicinity look upon the water as a universal panacea. So much evidence finally accumulated that the physicians of Nashua became interested and caused an analysis of the water to be made. The discovery of lithium and other medicinal agents possessed by no other water in the world, led them to form a stock com- pany to place the water within their each of the millions, and the result is that the Lithia Spring Co. are doing business to-day on an immense scale, bottling and barreling more water than any other spring company in America. The salts of Lithia, which were first prominently brought under the notice of the medical profession by Dr. Garrod, who recommended it in cases of uric acid diathesis, connected with gravel, and also in chronic gout and rheumatism. This recommendation was based upon the fact that lithia possesses great affinity for uric acid, ren- dering it soluble, and hence when mixed with car- bonate of soda, it decomposes the latter and unites with the uric acid, forming a soluble urate of lithia, and leaves the soda free. For thirty years, as is proven by abundant of testimonials from reliable persons, the salts of lithia have proved a curative agent of the highest order in the treatment of gout or rheu- matism, diseases of the kidneys and bladder and the removal of all morbid phenomena, the result of the uric acid in the blood. In its nat- ural state lithia is so intimately united with other minerals that it requires powerful chemicals to free it, and it is believed to lose much of its usefulness by this process, and as a result physi- cians have come to look to nature's alchemist for relief, hence the great advantage of partaking of the lithia in its natural state as it comes from the spring. It has cured hundreds of cases of rheu- matism, gout, neuralgia, dyspepsia and malarial poisoning, and is the only lithia water containing enough lithia to make it worthy of the name. In fact, it contains more lithia than all other known springs combined. It is concededly the only water which antidotes the bad effects of liquor, and is the finest blender with liquors in the market, beside actually curing the headaches and bad stomachs of the over-indulgent. A glass of lithia in the morning rehabilitating the man at once. It has the endorsement not only of the medical fraternity generally, but of the very highest authorities in the profession. The New York office of the company is centrally located at No. 335 Broadway; the Philadelphia office, at No. 112 N. 9th street; the Baltimore office, at Nos. 221 and 223 Charles street, and the Washington office is at No. 1010 F street, N. W., while it is found on sale at all druggists and first-class grocers throughout the country. The office and works of the com- pany are located at Nashua, where the premises have been especially prepared for the preparation, bottling, etc., of the water. Two springs of dif- ferent degrees of strength are utilized, the com- bination of which gives the highly beneficial properties so widely appreciated. The capacity of the works is seventy-five barrels daily, which large amount is exhausted by the continuous de- mand upon the facilities of the company. This popular company have now in contemplation the addition of a branch at Chicago and have about completed arrangements with a large wholesale drug house to act as their western agents. This more will be much appreciated by their large line of western buyers as it will enable them to ship direct from their western depot, and thus largely facilitate and expedite their business with the western states, which now forms a very important part of the company's demand. LEADING MANUFACTUEEKS AND MERCHANTS. 131 Murray & Co., Manufacturing Chemists and Wholesale Druggists. This house has the distinctive feature of being the only exclusively wholesale drug house in the entire state. Founded in 1883 as the J. A. Hoitt Company the business was conducted under that title until the present year, when Mr. Hoitt retired and the firm name was changed by the remaining partners to Murray & Co. The premises occupied by this well-known concern are located in a substantial building on Main street, at the business center of the city, 3,500 feet of floorage area is utilized in their several departments and altogether a very large business is done. The specialties of their own manufacture, which are so much in favor throughout their trade, comprise extracts, essen- ces, etc., including Hoitt & Co's. Best, and Grocer's Favorite; Neutraliue, a Deodorizer and Detergent, the only remedy of the kind in the world ; Clement liquid plaster; J. A. Hoitt Co's. new cologne with sprinkler tops; J. A. Hoitt Co's Happy New cologne and tripple extracts in bulk, coucededly the finest handkerchief perfumes on the market, and equal to the best imported. A miscellaneous line of specialties are also manufactured, consist- ing of bay rum, hair oils and tonics, tooth powder, Parisian Rose Cream, glycerine, tonic bitters, cholera cure, colored inks, camphor ice and cosmoline, cosmetique, moustache wax, carbolic ac-id crystals, etc., and a full stock of barber's supplies, besides a full line of Lorillard's, Buchamon and Lyall'sand the Drummond tobacco Co's. goods, and Mayo's Plug and J. Wright & Co's. tobaccos. The firm call especial attention to their private brands of plug tobacco, to which they have given the names of 4-11-44 and Our Best, and they make the claim for this that it is as good a piece of tobacco for the price as has ever been introduced into New Eagland. It is made of long stock, has a splendid flavor, and is a general favorite wherever introduced. Their stock of imported and domestic cigars and cigar- ettes is the largest in the state, and range in prices from the lowest to the highest procurable in this country or Havana. They also make in their laboratoiy a fine line of soda and mineral water syrups, for which they issue a special price list which is sent by mail on request. Their stock of pure selected drugs and popular patent and proprietary medicines is kept well assorted at all times, so that they are prepared to supply dealers with any required quantity on demand. They guarantee the quality of their goods, give care- ful attention to details and invaribly make prompt shipments. Those entering into business relations with this house will find their interests considered ami subserved. The members of the firm of Murray & Co., father and son, have been connected with the enterprise from the first, and it is, therefore, superfluous to say that they are thoroughly acquainted with every detail and feature of the business, and to their vigilance and progress! veness is largely due the great measure of success to which this important industry has attained, as a factor in the commer- cial development of Nashua. Benjamin B.Otis, Doors, Sash and Blinds, etc., Railroad Square. A noteworthy Nashua concern that has flourished and progressed ever fcince its original foundation more than a quarter of a century ago, is that of Benjamin B. Otis, wholesale and retail dealer in doors, sash, blinds, etc. The business was inaugurated in 1852 by Paul Otis, who conducted it for almost twenty years, when in 1871 he admitted his son into partnership, and the firm was known as Paul Otis & Son till 1883, when the present proprietor succeeded to the business. The premises occu- pied comprise a substantial three-story and base- ment building 25x70 feet in dimensions, and a heavy and Al stock is at all times carried, con- sisting of doors, sash, and blinds, glazed sash, and painted blinds, window frames, etc., together with paints, oils, varnishes, and a full line of painters' supplies, and the trade, which is both wholesale and retail, extends over a large area of country, and annually foots up an exceedingly handsome figure. Builders and others forming bus- iness connections with this house may be sure of having their interests consulted and subserved in the case of each and every transaction. Mr. Otis, the present enterprising proprietor, has been a resident of Nashua since his infancy. He is a member in excellent standing of the I. O. O. F., and also of the A. O. U. W. Indian Head Asso- ciation, the largestand strongest in the city. He has recently completed a three-si ory 40x70 building for occupancy about January 1st, of next year, which will largely increase the facilities for carrying and handling the extensive stock. Arthur E. Gay, Steam, Gas and Water Fit- ter, etc., No. 44 Main Street. This house is cou- cededly the representative establishment in its line in the city, and since its inception, fifteen years ago, the record of the concern has been one of continuous progress. Mr. Gay is a gentleman of twenty years of practical experience in his craft, and gives his personal attention to all the details of the business to the end that every item of the same shall be satisfactory in all cases. His premises consist of a commodious and well appointed store and workshop aggregating 1,400 square feet of floorage area, and he carries in stock a large and complete assortment of all goods coming under the head of gas, water and steam supplies, including wrought iron steam, gas and water pipe and fittings, brass and iron valves, steam coils, radiators, etc., pumps and in- jectors, boiler fittings, steam and hot water heat- ing apparatus. Heating of public buildings and private resiliences is made a special feature, and reference is given to many of the more substan- tial and conspicuous structures of the city and vicinity furnished by this popular house. Buck- eye force pumps and wind engines are for sale here, as well as a well-selected and choice line of gas stoves and gas fixtures. Mr. Gay is prepared to furnish estimates for the fittings for lighting, heating, ventilation or drainage of public build- ings, factories, stores or private dwellings. He employs none but the best of skilled labor, places his prices and charges at uniformly low figures, and guarantees satisfactory work in every in- stance. Mr. Gay is a native of Nashua, and is therefore completely identified with the commer- cial interests and general welfare of the city. He is a member of the F. and A. M., and is recog- nized as a business man of enterprise and pro- gressiveness. 132 CITY OF NASHUA. Nashua Card and Glazed Paper Com- pany, Manufacturers of Cardboard, Glazed Pa- per, etc., No. 12 Pearson Street. Thirty-eight years existence marks the history of the widely-known and flourishing house which is the subject of the present sketch, whose career since its inception has been a record of steady progress, and one that has become a concedediy leading and representative house in its line. Founded in a comparatively small way in 1849 by the firm of Gill & Co., various changes occurred in the designation of the firm during the subsequent twenty years, until in 1869 the present company was organized, a charter for that purpose having been obtained three years previously. The pres- ent plant was built one year after organization, but has been added to from time to time as the continuously increasing demands upon the facili- ties necessitated. The premises at the present writing comprise a main building of substantial character three stories in height, with a floorage area of 30,000 square feet, with three-storied wing 32x65 feet in dimensions. The works are fully equipped with all the modern tools and appli- ances and automatic labor-saving machinery. An average of one hundred skilled operatives are employed in the various departments, and the output reaches the extremely large aggregate of from six to eight tons per day. The products of the house consist of cardboard of all kinds, and glazed, plated, enameled and embossed papers of every description. The raw material for stock is carefully selected, and every process of manufac- ture is carefully watched and followed through to completion, resulting in the high grade of goods which have become so popular wherever introduced. The trade of the house extends to all the principal cities of the Union, and is mostly confined to the leading jobbers in their line. Mr. H. W. Gilman holds the dual office of president and treasurer, and gives his undivided attention and the benefit of his many years of practical ex- perience to the furthering of the interests of this important and far-reaching industry. The board of directors consists of Messrs. J. W. White, Chas. H. Hill, W. V. Gilman, and the president, mem- ber de facto. The names of all of these gentle- men are synonymous with probity and integrity, and they are highly regarded in mercantile and manufacturing circles for their honorable busi- ness methods. Nashua Steam Press and Boiler Works, J. J. Crawford & Son, Proprietors. Among the many important manufactories which the thriving city of Nashua can properly and justly boast of, an establishment which has a dis- tinctive individuality to a large degree is that forming the subject of the present sketch. This enterprise was originally inaugurated in 1867 by the firm of Dobbins & Crawford, at Lowell, Mass., and Mr. Crawford in assuming the entire control and management of the business in 1873, at the same time removed the plant to this city, and in 1885 associated his son with him in the business, since which time the designation of the firm has been J. J. Crawford & Son, and the works are widely known as the Nashua Steam Press and Boiler Works. The premises occupied consist of a commodious and substantial structure with nearly 8,000 square feet of floorage area, com- pletely equipped with all modern machinery, appliances and apparatus, the motive power being steam. Twenty-five skilled workmen are em- ployed, and every facility furnished for the con- venient construction of their popular productions, which consist of hydraulic and patented pcwer presses, with patented hollow steam press plates and connections, also steam boilers, rotary bleach- ers, water and oil tanks, and plate iron work of all kinds, rotary boilers, cupolas, iron doors, shutters, penstocks, quarter turns, etc., for water wheel work, etc., etc. A leading specialty is made of their improved patented power screw press, for manufacturers of woolen and worsted goods, shawls, cloths, hosiery, and all kinds of goods which require to be hot pressed, also baling presses for cotton or any other kind of goods for which a powerful press is desirable. J. J. Craw- ford & Son own all the patents ever granted in this country on these presses, plates and connec- tions (seven in number), and have specially su- perior facilities for furnishing the very best steam, plate press or baling press in the market at uni- formly low prices. For those preferring hy- draulic presses the company is prepared to fur- nish a very superior press, with cast steel, wrought iron, or gun iron cylinders, with pumps of unexceptionable construction. Hundreds of these presses are in use by the large manufactur- ers throughout the country, and their unanimous eulogy of their practicability and utility speaks* volumes for their popularity. Those entering into business relations with this reliable and rep- resentative house, may do so with implicit confi- dence in their integrity and honorable dealings, as also with the assurance that their interests will be fully and entirely considered in the case of each and every transaction. George E. Wheat, Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods, etc., No. 2 Noyes Block. This store has a floorage area of over 5.0CO square feet, and has exceptionally advantageous connections with the leading importers and manufacturers of the large business centres, and secure their goods on the most favorable terms. A staff of six assist- ants are employed in the various departments, and all customers are waited upon promptly and politely, all operations of the house being con- ducted upon the most systematic plan. All the most desirable dry goods, including blankets, flannels, table linens, prints, cotton cloths, gloves, ginghams, hosiery, underwear, corsets, etc. ; a^o ladies' and children's cloaks, of which they make a leading feature, dress find cloak buttons, luces, neckwear, ribbons, handkerchiefs, yarns and a splendid line of Berlin zephyr, worsteds, German- town yarn, Scotch yarn, knitting silks, flcsses, arrasene chenille, felting. Orders for stamping and pinking are promptly executed, while a complete assortment of Harper's Bazaar patterns are kept constantly on hand. A millinery de- partment is a feature with the house, and a fine line of goods of every desciption pertaining to ladies' hats and bonnets, and children's headwear is kept constantly on hand. Mr. Wheat has been established here for eight years. He is a member of the Pilgrim Fathers, and Golden Cross, and was born in this county, he is an enterprising, wide-awake merchant, and a citizen of integrity and probity. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 133 A. P. Hendrick, Jeweler and Engraver, Dealer in Gold and Silver Watches, Clocks, Solid Silver and Silver Plated Ware, Finest Quality of Spectacles and Eye Glasses. Goods sold, Engraved Free at Short Notice. Special Attention given to the Repairing of Fine Watches and French Clocks, No. 35 Main Street. One of the lead- ing representative engravers and jewelers of Nashua is Mr. A. P. Hendrick, who has been established in the business since 1871. The store, which is 20x70 feet in area, is neatly fitted up with plate glass show cases, and ornamental counters, and contains a general line of new style fashionable jewelry of every description, also gold and silver watches, clocks, solid silver and silver plated ware in new, beautiful designs. Mr. Hendrick is a practical jeweler, watchmaker and engraver, with an experience of thirty-six years, and repairs and regulates clocks and watches and repairs jewelry, and executes engraving in the highest style of the art. All goods purchased of him are engraved with full name or monogram free of charge. A full assortment of the finest spectacles, eye glasses and optical goods is always kept on sale, and a special business is made of properly adjusting glasses to suit the eye. Mr. Hendrick, who was born at Keene, in this state, has had thirty-six years experience in the watch and jewelry business. Mr. Hendrick be- longs to a class of our estimable citizens to whom the coming generation will do well to immitate. In other words, he is a self-made man, starting in the Avorld at an early age, without the advant- ages of the present day, but by close and earnest application to his occupation has placed himself in the front rank as a merchant in his line. Mr. Hendrick has been a member of the K. W. Lodge of I. O. O. F. for a period of twenty-two years, holding the position of R. W. D. Grand Master of the above lodge, which he resigned by letter in 1879, but still holds a membership in good standing. A. B. Winil, Manufacturer of and Dealer in Confectionery, Cake and Ice Cream. Mr. Winn was born in Massachusetts, but has been a resi- dent of this city since 1871, and being a practical and experienced confectioner, he founded this establishment in 1876. The premises are of ample dimensions and consist of a well-fitted up store and ice cream parlor and candy factory, em- ployment being furnished to a number of hands. The stock in the store presents a singularly agreeable array of things, wholesome, flavorsome, delicate and aromatic. Purity is one of the main essentials with these goods, and in this establish- ment nothing is used but the purest and best, and no deleterious article of any kind is allowed for coloring, flavoring or ingredient. The can- dies are at all times fresh, as are the pastries and ice cream, specialties being made in candies such as fine box goods, marrons glacies, bon-bons, car- amels, chocolates, etc., while he is prepared to furnish the public with the choicest pastries, wedding, fruit, pound, sponge and other varieties of cake, and the ice creams are flavored with all the standard fruits, etc. He makes a specialty of furnishing balls, parties, weddings, receptions, church fairs and festivals, picnics, excursions, and also has a very large family trade derived principally from among our wealthiest citizens. Barr & Co., Hardware, Iron, Steel, etc., No. 70 Main Street. This old and reliable hardware house was originally established in 1845, and continued under the same management for a quarter, of a century, when Matthew Barr, the founder, was succeeded by the three gentlemen who form the present copartnership, and who have continued the old designation, on account of the enviable reputation and prestige so long ago inaugurated by the original proprietor. This establishment enjoys the distinction and advan- tage of being the oldest as well as the leading house in its line in the city, and is most centrally located at No. 70 Main street, where the premises occupied consist of a store and basement, each 40x80 feet in dimensions, and having an aggregate floorage area of nearly 7,000 square feet. The stock consists of a lull and complete line of hardware of every description, cutlery, fishing tackle, sporting goods, etc., iron and steel agri- cultural implements, paints, oils, etc. The supplies in all departments are purchased in large quanti- ties direct from the producers and heavy dealers, and especial advantages are in consequence given to their patrons in the way of prices, which are always uniformly low, while the high quality on which their wide popularity is based is sedulously maintained. Messrs. Barnard, Kittredge and Barr are natives of New Hampshire, and having served as clerks in the employ of the founder for many years, were eminently qualified to prosecute the business, and to continue its record for fair and honorable dealing. The house employs four assistants, and its trade extends to a considerable area of the surrounding country. An Al stock is always carried, and customers are invariably guaranteed complete satisfaction in the case of each and every purchase. C. R. Cotton & Co., Wholesale and Retail Grocers, Corner of Main and Water Streets. The house of C. R. Cotton & Co. is one of the most substantial mercantile concerns in the state, and is a leading representative in this city of the great growing industry of the country. The business was founded in 1875 by Cotton & Thomas, and nine years afterward the present firm succeeded to the business. The house has been managed with a practical ability and judicious enterprise that has made it a continuous success, the sales annually reaching a very handsome figure. The firm deals extensively in imported and fancy groceries of every description, and the stock carried embraces everything known to the grocery trade, including teas, coffees, flours, sugars, spices and foreign and domestic table luxuries, such as pre- serves, pickles, catsups, mincemeats, etc. The premises occupied consist of a commodious store and basement, each having a floorage area of about 1,800 square feet. And beside their large city patronage, an extensive trade is enjoyed extending over a large section of the surrounding country, their business being of both a wholesale and retail character. Mr. Cotton is a native of this state, while Mr. Allton was born in Maine. The house is a prominent factor in the commer- cial prosperity of the city, while the members of the firm are widely known as gentlemen of pro- gressive spirit whose every representation is entitled to the utmost consideration and confi- dence. 134 CITY OF NASHUA. C. H. Nutt, Hardware, Iron, Steel, etc., Nos. 1 and 2 Nutt's Building. This house is one of the old reliable landmarks of the city, having been founded in 1824 by the Nashua Manufactur- ing Co., who sold out to Isaac Spaulding in 1826, who was succeeded in 1837 by Kendall & Gould, who in turn were succeeded by the firm of Mon- roe & Saylor in 1840, and Mr. C. H. Nutt, the present proprietor, acquired the business in 1852. The premises occupied by this house consist of two floors and basement having a total ground room of nearly 16,000 square feet. The stock car- ried is at all times large and complete in variety, and comprises hardware, cutlery, fishing tackle, sporting goods, iron, steel, paints, glass, saws, belting, agricultural implements, etc., and the trade extends over a considerable area of the sur- rounding country. It is both wholesale and re- tail in its character, and the prices quoted for standard goods are uniformly low, the result of the large and direct purchases from the producers and heaviest dealers. Mr. Nutt is a native of Tingsborough, Mass., but, having been a resident of Nashua for a half a century, he is most com- pletely identified with the city and its interests. He was a member of the first city council, and has filled the office of town clerk before the city was incorporated. He is a director in both the Nashua Water and Gas Works, and is a trustee of the City Savings Bank and the N. H. Banking Co. It is needless to add that he has always de- served and retained the respect and confidence of his fellow citizens by his correct principles and sound integrity, and he is fairly and fully en- titled to the large measure of success which he has attained to in the enterprise he has so long had the management and control of. E. Li. Shattuck, I>. D. S., Dentist, Bea- sorn Block. Dr. Shattuck was born in Andover, Mass., and graduated with very distinguished honors at the Harvard Dental College, and came to this city and established himself in the prac- tice of his profession in 1887, and although not so long in the profession as many others, by his ex- perience and thorough knowledge of every detail of dentistry, he has acquired a reputation for skill and reliability not often accorded to much older persons in the business. His reception and oper- ating rooms are very handsomely and appropri- ately fitted up. The different preparations of cocoaine and vapors for the alleviation of pain in sensitive teeth, previous to tilling with gold, pla- tina, composition, etc., or extraction, have proved of great success in his hands. He also devotes es- pecial attention to the making of artificial teeth on gold, silver, rubber or any of the plates now in use and in this branch cannot be surpassed, and his charges are extremely moderate. Dr. Shat- tuck is an active and valued member of the Free and Accepted Masons, also of the order of Odd Fellows. George Phelps & Son, Coal, Hollis Street Coal Yard ; Office in S. D. Chandler's Grain Store, Corner of Main and Hollis Streets. Supplying the citizens of Nashua and the adjacent sections of country with requisite articles of fuel is quite an important business, and is carried on extensively by Messrs. George Phelps & Son, whose coal yard is situated on Hollis street on the line of the Boston and Maine railroad and Worcester and Nashua division, with which it is connected by a side track. It is well fitted up and provided with conveniences for business purposes, and has a ca- pacily for the storage of 1,500 tons of coal. The best qualities of coal only is supplied by the firm who receive it direct from the mines and supply a large wholesale and retail demand at the very lowest market quotations. Mr. George Phelps, who established the business in 1870, was born in Massachusetts, but has resided in the state of New Hampshire since the above date. His son and copartner, Mr. Arthur W. Phelps, was born in Worcester, Mass., and has been associated in business with his father about a year. He holds the position of city weigher, and is one of the most enterprising among our popular young busi- ness men. G. C. Shattuck, Dealer in Investment Se- curities, Rooms Nos. 7 and 8 Howard Block. The subject of this sketch was for many years en- gaged in the flour and grain trade, having only within a year past inaugurated his present enter- prise, but, as a result of the enviable local repu- tation he has established and maintained in the community, he has already acquired a large and influential patronage, including among his cus- tomers many of the leading capitalists and inves- tors of the city and state. He is the authorized agent for Ihe well-known and reliable banking^ house of Cordley, Young & Fuller, of No. 121 Devonshire street, Boston, and through this firm orders are executed in the Boston and New York markets. The offices are located in Howard's Block, the appointments being of an attractive and convenient character, and the services of three assistants are required to properly and expedi- tiously meet the demands upon the facilities for investment offered. Mr. Shattuck is a native of Nashua, and is firmly identified with the best in- terests and the commercial prosperity of the city. He is a trustee of the Nashua Savings Bank, and has been called by his fellow citizens on various occasions to fill the responsible positions of select- man, councilman, alderman, member of the school committee, etc. P. A. Kendall, Manufacturer of and Dealer in all Kinds of Saws, Railroad Avenue. A promi- nent manufacturer and dealer in all kinds of saws in the city of Nashua is Mr. P. A. Kendall. Mr. Kendall was born in Londonderry, N. H., and became a resident of this city in 1875. The business now conducted by him was established originally by Mr. L. D. Boynton in 1880, who was succeeded by the present proprietor in 1882. His factory and storeroom are of ample dimen- sions and thoroughly equipped with all the best and latest improved machinery required in the business, and he is prepared to fill orders for any number of saws of any description at. shortest notice and lowest prices. Saw riling of every de- scription is done to order in the best workman- like manner, also cross-cut and circular saws are re-toothed and gummed, and special attention is yiven to truing all kinds of circular saws. Mr. Kendall keeps constantly on hand a superb line of hand, wood and cross-cut saws which are un- surpassed in this section of the country, and which have a wide sale. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 135 G. B. McQuesteii, West India Goods and Groceries, No. 29 Bridge Street. A truly repre- sentative house, and beyond all question or argu- ment the largest and finest grocery establishment in the city, is that of G. B. McQuesten, located at No. 29 Bridge street. The premises consist of a fine large store and basement 50x100 feet in dimensions, and containing altogether fully 10,000 square feet of floorage area. All of this extensive space is fully and completely stocked from floor to ceiling with a choice and critically selected stock of West India goods. Groceries, both staple and fancy, meats, provisions, flour, grain, crockery, etc., and all quoted at uniformly low prices. This important and far reaching supply mart was originally established thirty years ago by Mr. J. B. McQuesten, who founded the enterprise on just and equitable business principles, and it has been the study and practice of his son and succes- sor to maintain the enviable reputation he labored so sedulously to inaugurate. Seven active and competent assistants in connection with three delivery wagons are required to meet the local demand upon the retail department, while the drafts upon the large and completely assorted stock in bulk by the smaller retail trade in the vicinity, make a large item in the aggregate sales. Mr. McQuesten, having been so long associated with his father, is completely educated in every detail of the business, and gives each feature the benefit of his practiced judgment and supervision. He is still a comparatively young man, and always solicitious for the highest welfare of his native city of Nashua, and in the best interests of the state. S. S. Jackman & Co., Engineers and Con- tractors, No. 85 West Pearl Street. This enter- prising and popular house was originally estab- lished in 1866 by Mr. S. S. Jackman, the present enior partner, and ten years later Mr. F. O. Ray was admitted to partnership, and the business has since been conducted under the firm name of S. S. Jackraan & Co. The premises occupied consist of a roomy and conveniently arranged store and workroom, with a floorage area of 1,400 square feet. The business is that of engineers and con- tractors for high and low pressure, steam and hot water heating. They are also manufacturers of deal- ers in gas fixtures, steam, gas and water pipe of all kinds, brass and iron, steam and water fittings, plumbers' stock, rubber hose and pumps of every description. A specialty is made of house heating and the house refers with confidence to very many of the residents of the city and vicinity. Steam, gas fitting and plumbing are promptly executed, while expert workmen are employed for all branches of their business. All work is warranted, and complete satisfaction guaranteed in each and every piece of work undertaken. An Al stock is carried in every line, and the trade is by no meansconfined to the limits of the city, extending as it does over a large area of the surrounding country. Mr. Jackman is a native of New Hampshire, while Mr. Ray was born in Maine, both have had large practical experience in their craft, Mr. Jackman having been in the same line for thirty-five years. He is a member in good standing of the I. O. O. F., while Mr. Ray is a member of the same organization as well as of the F. and A. M. H. M. Goodrich, Furnaces, Stoves, Tin- ware, Pumps, etc., No. 2 Goodrich Block, Main Street. This house is pre-eminently a landmark among the old time business concerns of Nashua, and has a history dating back for two-thirds of a century. The house was originally founded in 1822 by Reuben Goodrich, and conducted success- fully by him for nearly forty years, his son, the present proprietor, succeeding to the business in 1860, since which time he has been the sole pro- prietor. The house is the oldest, and concededly the leading one in its line in the city, and acquires its large patronage not only from a liberal pro- portion of the residents of the city, but also from a large area of the surrounding country. The premises occupied consist of a commodious store and basement, the latter being used as a tin and sheet iron manufactory and stove warehouse, having an aggregate floorage area of nearly 5,000 square feet. The stock carried is at all times large and complete in the various lines which comprise furnaces, ranges, stoves, tin-ware, pumps, refrigerators, etc., also lead pipe, sheet lead, sheet iron, brass, japanned, britannia, copper, wooden, glass and plated ware. A full line ot kitchen furnishing goods, toys and fireworks is also carried. Plumbers' material, ana plumbing done to order, while a specialty is made of slate and tin roofing. A staff of skilled workmen are em- ployed, and repairing of all kinds pertaining to their line is effected promptly and satisfactorily, while the prices charged are uniformly low. Mr. Goodrich has a thoroughly practical knowl- edge in his several handicrafts, having had forty- two years of active experience. Having been a resident of Nashua for a long term of years, he is fully identified with the best interests of the city. He was formerly president of the Under- bill Edge Tool Co., a director of the Promicoek Bank, and justice of the peace for the state, also served on the Governor's staff from 1872 to 1874 inclusive, and auditor of the books of the N. & L K. R. Co. for several years. "William Hall, Flour, Grain, Hay, Straw, Lime, etc., Railroad Buildings, R. R. Square. This house was originally established in 1840 by Gilman Shattuck, and passed down from father to son, the former having died in 1860. Mr. Shat- tuck, Jr., formed a copartnership in 1876 with Mr. Hall, and ten years later Mr. Hall succeeded to the proprietorship. The premises consists of a substantial three-storied building 50x100 feet in dimensions, having altogether some 15,000 square feet of floorage room, and the stock, which is at all times large, consists ot flour, grain, hay, straw, lime, plaster, cement, salt, calcined plaster, plas- tering hair, etc. The trade is principally whole- sale, and a very large country patronage is en- joyed. Five assistants are required to properly and expeditiously meet the demands upon the facilities of the house, while all mail orders are promptly and accurately filled. Mr. Hall is a native of Mason, N. H., but came to this city in 1857, and was associated with other lines of trade before connecting himself with his present enter- prise. He is justly entitled to the high position he holds in the esteem and confidence of his fel- low citizens, and is properly considered an import- ant factor in the development of the city's re- sources. 136 CITY OF NASHUA. LOCKE'S EXPANDING ELASTIC ARBOR, FOR. ZDEKTTISTS' TJSE. MANUFACTURED BY G. S. LOCKE & CO., NASHUA, N.H. PATENTED NOV. 23, 1875. I*. F. Locke, Surgeon, Physician and Den- tist, Main Street. The city of Nashua is to be congratulated upon having in their midst such an enterprising and liberal a citizen, of so ingen- ious and fertile a brain, as has been developed in the case of Dr. L. F. Locke, A. M., M. D., fellow of the American Scientific Association ; also mem- ber of several medical societies. At the rooms of this popular physician, surgeon and dentist on Main street can be seen several practical speci- So great is the improvement of this instrument over the usual process that when the nominal cost of a complete set of eight different sizes, only $2.00, is considered, no dentist can consistently be without its convenient assistance, even for the construction of a single set of teeth. The arbor is of six and eight different sizes, easily fitted to any lathe. So popular has this arbor become with the profession that it finds a ready sale at all of the dental depots of the country. A price list of the different sizes and portions of sets will be sent on application and all orders accompanied with the amount of price will be promptly filled. Another useful device is a splint for use in the case of fractured jaw, which is the result of tak- ing a wax impression of the injured section and making a- foira which holds the jaw in position without inconvenience to the patient. To Dr. Locke's credit may also be charged the invention and introduction of an extremely convenient as well as valuable adjunct to the farmer's success in the shape of an artificial nurse or foster mother for young pigs, lambs, calves, etc. An effective means of saving the young pigs is illustrated on this page, which is a very simple affair, consisting of a tin pail having several small spouts near the bottom and upon each spout an india rubber nip- ple. It is equally servicable in the rearing of young dogs, lambs or even calves under like cir- cumstances. Dr. Locke is also the inventor of a mens of his inventive genius. Pre-eminent among the number is his Expanding Elastic Arbor, which entirely supersedes the file and scraper, and completely obviates the annoyance of soiled or sore fingers in the roughing down, smoothing up and polishing of rubber and celuloid work. Its simplicity of construction is a salient feature. specially convenient portable generator of laugh- ing gas (as it is called), which young dentists will find a valuable aid to them in the practice of their profession, a cut of which is also displayed here- with. Being a finished and thoroughly educated physician and surgeon as well as dentist his val- uable time is completely occupied. He is ready LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 137 to receive propositions from parties with capital desirous of availing themselves of the opportunity here presenting itself for introducing and placing his inventions with the trade or customers. All communications should be addressed to G. S. Locke & Co., P. O. Box 494, Nashua, New Hamp- shire. To Dr. Locke the city of Nashua is largely indehted for a number of progressive improve- ments which have done much toward the devel- opment of the growth of the city, such as the building of houses in various locations and dis- posing of land at reduced prices to manufacturers as an incentive to these locating in Nashua, etc. The doctor, during the late Civil War. after offer- ing his valuable services, was appointed by the State Board as an. examiner of state troops, and to him is credited the first correct and authentic report of the first battle of Bull Run, in addition to which he is the author of the " Roll of Honor," a complete list in book form with notes of the soldiers who went from New Hampshire into the service of their country during the Civil War. McQuesten & Chase, Taruic Pond Ice, Wood, Lumber, etc., No. 25 Railroad Square. This house was originally established at Letchfield, N. H., 1883 and removed to this city two years later, locating at their present central site. The premises, including yard, stables, steam wood yard, etc.,havean aggreggate areaofover 6,000 square feet. A 10 horse power engine is employed, and a suffi- cient corpsof workmen to properly audexpeditious- ly serve the largeand constantly increasing number of patrons. Five thousand tons of the popular Tarnic pond ice is handled annually, besides large quantities of wood and lumber, pressed bay and straw. The facilities for promptly filling orders are unsurpassed, while the stock is purchased in such large quantities that most advantageous terms are secured, thus enabling the house to offer inducements to customers that smaller dealers cannot afford to duplicate. Both mem- bers of the firm are natives of Letchfield, but are well known in Nashua and vicinity, and theyare generally regarded as substantial as well as rep- resentative business men. John Woods, Carpetings, Paper Hangings, Window Shades, Books, Stationery etc., No. 5 Noyes Block. This house was originallv estab- lished by the firm of Jaquith & Co. in 1872, Mr. Woods, the present proprietor, having been the junior partner. After a career of fourteen years Mr. Jaquith retired from the firm and Mr. Woods assumed the proprietorship, and has since con- ducted the business in his own name. The promises occupied consist of a fine and attractive store containing an aggregate of about 1,800 square feet of floorage area. The salesrooms are filled with an assortment of carpets of all grades and styles of manufacture in favorite designs and patterns, oil-cloths of all kinds, window curtains and shades, and a fine line of books and stationary, etc. This house enjoys a large and constantly increasing patronage, which lias been secured mainly by the standard quality of the goods, and correct business methods as well asequitanle deal- ings with each and every customer. Mr. Woods is a native of New Hampshire, and has resided for many years in Nashua, where he has become completely identified with growth and prosperity. Charles Holmaii, Manufacturing Confec- tioner, Nos. 245 and 247 Main Street. This sub- stantial and widely-known house has, from its foundation, more than twenty year^ ago, main- tained a career of unbroken prosperity. From an annual trade of small proportions, its transactions have increased and expanded until its sales uow aggregate over a quarter of a million dollars. The operations of the house extend from Maine to the Mississippi river. The premises occupied comprise a substantial three-storied building, with a floorage area of 18,000 square feet, em- ploying seventy to eighty bands. The produc- tions are both machine and hand-made, consisting of fine American and French confectionery. The goods being absolutely pure, standard in quality, and in great favor throughout the area over which the trade of the house is distributed. Cocoanut cakes and bon-bons, gum work, chocolate cream drops and goods are a specialty and the firm are also manufacturers of choice Havana cigars, the superiority of quality and grade of which gives them a ready sale wherever intioduced. A fea- ture is also made of fine druggists' lozenges. The house is a thoroughly representative one in every sense of the term, and a factor in the commercial development and present status of Nashua. Mr. Holman is a native of Massachusetts, but having resided in Nashua for a quarter of a century, he is most completely identified with the interests of the city, and has held the office of alderman, councilman and mayor. He is a direclor of the First National Bank of the city, as well as of the Worcester and Nashua railroad. Marden & Mygatt, Stoves and Stove Fur- niture, etc., No. 163 Main Street. For the past fifteen years this house has been a favorite resort for the residents of Nashua and vicinity requiring articles of comfort or necessity in their line. The business was originally established in 1868 by the firm of L. E. Gould & Co., Mr. Marden, of the present firm, having been the junior partner in the firm from 1878. After eleven years of suc- cessful experience Mr. Gould retired, and the firm in 1883 became Marden & Mygatt. The premises occupied are located at No. 163 Main and Nos. 5 and 7 High streets, and consist of a conveniently fitted up and arranged store and workroom and tin shop, the foimer having a floorage area of about 1,750 square feet and the latter 2,500 square feet. Five assistants are required to properly and expeditiously meet the demands upon their facilities. A specialty is made of the popular makes of stoves, ranges and furnaces for both heating and cooking, together with a complete assortment of stove furniture; also tin, sheet iron, brass and copper ware, iron and copper pumps, lead pipe, etc. Mr. Mygatt is a tin smith by trade, while Mr. Marden has devoted many years of his life to the details of his business. All kinds of repairing are promptly attended to, and a specialty is made of tin roofing, furnace work and general roofing and plumbing, while their prices are uniformly low. The house is pre- pared to contract for any work in their line at very reasonable figures. Both gentlemen are long residents of Nashua, are members of the I. O. O. F., and intimately connected with the licst interests of the city, and are highly respected citizens. 138 CITY OF NASHUA. A. J. Blood & Co., Dealers in West India Goods, Groceries, Country Produce, Flour, etc., No. 102 Pearl Street, Corner of Elm Street. This old and reliable grocery house was founded origi- nally in 1857 by Mr. Caleb Emery, who was sub- sequently succeeded by Mr. G. W. Green, who conducted the business very successfully until his death in 1881, when Messrs. A. J, Blood & Co. succeeded, and under whose able manage- ment and liberal dealing the trade has greatly increased. The individual members of this firm are Mr. A. J. Blood and Mr. F. M. Eayrs, both of whom are natives of New Hampshire and resi- dents of Nashua many years. The store occupied is of spacious dimensions, having a frontage of 25 feet with a depth of almost three times that distance. It is eligibly located at No. 102 Pearl street on the corner of Elm. and iasupplied with all necessary conveniences for the comfort of cus- tomers; and the varied stock of goods, which comprises everything in the line of fancy and staple groceries, including West India goods, such as tine unadulterated sugars, syrups, choice Ha- vana cigars, oranges, lemons, bananas, limes, pineapples, etc. ; also fresh new crop teas from China and Japan, fragrant coffees from Mocha, Java and South America, canned goods of every description, spices, condiments, pure creamery butter, eggs, cheese, domestic fruits and other products of the farm and dairy, provisions, in fact, everything that is usually found in all well- regulated grocery houses. Mr. Blood, before go- ing into business for himself, had a practical ex- perience as grocery clerk of twenty years, and is thoroughly versed in all its details, and being a superior judge of a fine article this house has an established reputation for dealing in pure goods only. Polite attention is given to the wants of customers by the proprietors and their assistants, and the store is kept in the very neatest and cleanest condition, while prices are at bed-rock. Both proprietors are popular in the community, and are wide-awake and honorable business men. Mr. Blood is an active and prominent member of the Knights of Honor, while his partner takes a great interest in the welfare and prosperity of the Odd Fellows' Order, and in the affairs of the Knights of Honor. Harry B. Wheeler, Plain and Ornamental Steam Job Printer, Noye's Block, Main Street. Au old established and popular concern repre- senting this interest in Nashua is that forming the subject of the present sketch. For nearly a quar- ter of a century Mr. Wheeler has been located in Nashua. He occupies a large portion of an entire floor in Noye's Block, with a superficial area of 1,500 square feet. The premises are admirably and conveniently fitted up for the purposes of the business, and besides the always complete as- sortment of type including the latest styles, they have three steam presses run by a 3 horse power engine. Employment is given to three assistants, and the house is prepared to execute with prompt- ness all classes of mercantile and legal printing; also catalogues, pamphlets, circulars, price lists, cards, invitations, etc. Mr. Wheeler gives his personal attention to every detail of the business. Mr. Wheeler was born at Amherst, this state, but his long residence here has completely identified him with Nashua. W. H. Campbell, Manufacturer of Paper Boxes. For the past twenty years this house has been engaged in the production of paper boxes, the industry having been inaugurated by Mr. S. S. Davis in 1867, who conducted tlie business with marked ability and steadily increasing suc- cess until about a year since, when lie was suc- ceeded by the present proprietor, who for the previous seventeen years had been engaged in the fancy goods and toy business in New York City. The premises occupied by this progressive house are located in the new electric light building on Water street, and comprise two floors aggregat- ing a total floorage area of over 7,000 square feet. The works are thoroughly equipped with all the latest improved box making machinery, includ- ing cutters, presses, etc., and furnishes employ- ment to from twenty to forty hands, the motive power being steam, supplied by the Electric Light Co., who have also equipped the entire works with incandescent lights. The produc- tions consist of paper boxes of every description, new styles of which are constantly being intro- duced, and every variety is made to order at the shortest notice. A specialty is made of boot and shoe, confectionery, knitting cotton, hosiery and glove boxes, many large manufacturers being sup- plied from this reliable house. Wedding cake and ice cream boxes are constantly on hard, and fancy ornamental boxes are made as required. The goods made by this house can compete in all points, including style, quality and price, with ' those of any similar establishments in the coun- try. Mr. Frank E. Davis, the efficient foreman, has had long experience in the trade and is fully acquainted with all the details, supervising all the processes of manufacture, resulting in the class of goods so popular throughout the area over which the trade of the house is distributed. H. S. Norwell, Dry Goods, Notions, Hos- iery, etc., No. 19 Main Street. Mr. Norwell, the popular proprietor, first established him- self in business in Nashua in 1865, and two years afterward he sold out and went to Chicago, where he opened a dry goods store four years after, was burned out in the great fire of 1871 and reopened as soon afterward as possible, occupying five different sites in all. In 1878 he returned to Nashua and re-established himself at his present location, where he occupies a large and attrac- tively fitted up and arranged store 25x80 feet in dimensions. He requires about twenty-two as- sistants to properly and expeditiously serve the many customers who favor him with their pat- ronage. The stock carried is at all times large and varied, and includes both imported and do- mestic dry goods, silks, domestics, cloaks, fancy goods and notions, glover, underwear, etc. Mr. Norwell has made such connections as enables him to obtain his goods direct from the largest importers and popular American manufacturers, so that he always has the most desirable novel- ties as soon as they appear in the market. From his long practical experience Mr. Norwell is nat- urally fully acquainted with all the details of the business and the requirements of the trade and the desires of his customers, whoe interests are invariably considered. He is a native of Scot- land, but has resided in this country since 1861, and lor a number of years in this city. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 139 John Osborn, Manufacturing Confectioner ; Also Dealer in Foreign and Domestic Cigars, To- baccos, Stationery and Toys, No. 15 Factory Street. Few persons in this region have had as lengthy a connection with the confectionery trade as Mr. John Osborn, of No. 15 Factory street, Nashua. Mr. Osborn is a native of Quincy, Mass., and came to this city in 1824, and estab- lished this business in 1846. The premises occu- pied by Mr. Osborn comprise a store and factory, and a number of hands are employed in the man- ufacture of plain and fine confectionery and candies. In the store will be found a full and complete assortment of these toothsome goods, at all times fresh. Purity is one of the main essen- tials with these articles, and to-day the difficulty of obtaining candies and confections devoid of adulteration and deleterious substances is so great, that the advantages of dealing with a house like that of Mr. Osborn, whose reputation is es- tablished for making none but the purest and best goods, are at once manifest. Being a practical and experienced confectioner, Mr. Osborn devotes his entire attention to all the details of his estab- lishment, which enables him to guarantee all goods of his manufacture. He also keeps in his store a full line of domestic cigars and cigarettes of all the popular brands, chewing and smoking tobaccos, smokers' materials, stationery of all kinds, and toys. His trade is both wholesale and retail, extending throughout the city and sur- rounding country, a wagon being kept on the road, receiving and delivering orders. Emerson & Maynard, Custom Tailors, Merchants' Exchange. This house was originally established in 1852 by Mr. Robert Emerson, the present senior partner in the concern, who after an individual career of over twenty-five years, admitted Mr. Maynard into partnership, he hav- ing been in the employ of Mr. Emerson for the seven previous years. The premises consist of an entire floor with about 1,750 square feet of floorage area. Nearly a dozen skilled workmen are constantly employed by the concern, and the best fitting garments trimmed and made in the most desirable manner, and accurate in cut and fit, are furnished at short notice. A fine stock of domestic and imported fabrics, including wool- ens, cassimeres, suitings, diagonals, broadcloths, doeskins, beavers and vestings in all the different varieties of plain goods, stripes, plaids, checks and other patterns is carried at all times, while the prices charged are always uniformly low in proportion to the quality of goods and superiority of workmanship. Both gentlemen are natives of New Hampshire and both have had long experi- ence in their profession, Mr. Maynard sixteen years, while Mr. Emerson has been in the busi- ness over fifty years. It is therefore needless to refer to their qualifications for their calling. Moses Davis, City Undertaker, Manufac- turer and Dealer in Marble and Granite Monu- ments, Tablets, Head Stones, Granite Work, etc., Railroad Hquare, Nos. 12 and 14 Main street. One among our most prominent old residents is Mr. Moses Davis, who is engaged in business as a marble and granite worker and as an undertaker. Mr. Davis, who was born at Hudson, in this state, seventy-one years ago, came to Nashua in 1841 and established himself in business as a marble worker, and in 1848 as an undertaker and eleven years later added that of working in granite. Mr. Davis executes the very best class of work in marble and granite for cemetery and building purposes, and originates many beautiful designs for monuments, tablets, head stones, etc., and erected many of the beautiful memorials to be seen in the cemeteries in and about this section of the state, and also furnished the cut and dressed granite for the Goodrich Block, the engine houses and many of the business houses and private res- idences of our city. As an undertaker he has always enjoyed a wide reputation as being one of the most careful and considerate gentlemen in the vocation. He attends to the preservation of the corpse and furnishes caskets, coffins, robes and all the requisites for a funeral. In the dif- ferent branches of his business Mr. Davis employs fifteen hands and occupies premises used as mar- ble and granite yard about an acre in extent on the line of the Worcester Railroad. He is the leading marble and granite worker and also un- dertaker in the city. Wm. H. Reed, Beef, Pork, Lard, Hams, Mutton, Veal, Laton's Building. This store is conveniently arranged and is conducted in the most systematic manner. In size it is 25x70 feet with an annex of 50x40 feet in area. It is kept scrupulously clean and provided with every facil- ity for filling orders, and made attractive and in- viting by the excellent manner everything in the line of choice cuts of fresh beef, veal, lamb, mut- ton, pork, etc., and also smoked and salt meats and poultry and fruitsand vegetables is displayed. Poultry and game is a specialty, Mr. Reed always having the finest and best that can be obtained. He has had many years experience as a purveyor of articles for the table, and as a caterer to the wants of the public is not surpassed by any others. He was born and brought up in Nashua, and was formerly a member of the Board of Al- dermen, and is very popular as an esteemed citi- zen and business man. Mr. Reed has been sup- plying the citizens with articles for the table since 1865, and for fourteen years was a member of the firm of Ackerman & Reed. Since 1879 he has continued the business on his own a'ccount, and has become widely known as one of the leading representative dealers in meats, fruits, vegetables and country produce in the city. Dr. Baldwin, Dental Rooms, Over First National Bank. Dr. H. Baldwin has been in this profession longer than any others in the city, and dates his experience from 1850. In the finer artistical surgical departments there are few equally skilled as Dr. Baldwin. The doctor makes a specialty of preserving the natural teeth, and also filling and of making artificial teeth in sets or singly to order on gold, silver or other plates, executing the work with skill and always giving satisfaction. Dr. Baldwin, who was born in the state of New York, learned his profession at Troy. In 1855 he located at Louisville, Ky., where he remained until the war broke out, when he came to Nashua, and afterwards spent some years traveling. In 1884 he returned to the city and became permanently located. He is a mem- ber of the New England Dental Association. 140 CITY OF NASHUA. Kimball & Co., Dry and Fancy Goods, Noyes .Block, Main Street. This honse was first opened as far back as 1851 by A. & F. F. Kimball and continued until 1868, the time of the decease of Mr. A. Kimball. In that year the present firm was formed, Mr. F. F. Kimball, the head of the house, having full control of its general manage- ment. The store in Noyes Block, Main street, in area is 21x90 feet. It is one of the largest in the city and is appropriately fitted up and every conve- nience is provided for the display of the stock and for benefit of the patrons and the public. The lines of goods carried in stock embrace every- thing in dry and fancy goods of both foreign and home productions, and includes besides all the various dress fabrics, silks woolens, hosiery, white goods, laces,embroderies, gloves, notions,domestics, and all those articles that belong to the trade. Mr. Kimball is an active, energetic business man possessing all those characteristics which go to make the thrifty enterprising New England merchant. He is a public spirited gentleman and influential citizen, and takes pleasure in fostering and promoting every enterprise that is for the general public good. In the store a new improved automatic cash system and electric lights have been introduced. Mr. Kimball, who was born at Lime, in this state, has resided and been iden- tified with the business affairs of Nashua since 1844. John H. Chapman (Agent), Merchant Tailor, No. 96 Main Street. The oldest as well as the leading merchant tailoring establishment in Nashua is conducted by Mr. John H. Chn-pman. The business was originally founded in 1847 by Mr. John B. Chapman, and passed through several changes in proprietorship during the time between that date and 1877, when the present proprietor assumed the management. The premises, consist- ing of showroom, workroom, etc., are conve- niently and attractively fitted up for the purposes of the business. The stock carried comprises a fine line of domestic and imported suitings, etc., from the most popular looms of Europe and America, and includes most desirable patterns in the popular fabrics. Mr. Chapman has had large experience in his business, gives his personal attention to every feature and process of produc- tion, and employs only those who are experienced and practically proficient. A large custom is de- rived from the merchants and best class of the residents of the city and vicinity, and the patronage is constantly on the increase Owing to the superi- ority of work turned out, both as to quality and fit, while Mr. Chapman's prices are always uni- formly low, the class of workmanship considered. Mr. Chapman is a native of Nashua, and is there- fore completely identified with the welfare of the city Roger W. Porter, Manufacturer of Shuttles Bobbins and Spools. The subject of this sketch for many years superintended the works of the largest house in the line in the world, the Nashua Bobbin and Shuttle Co., before establishing him- self in his present venture, some five years since. The premises occupied by this rising house consist of a substantial building, with 4,000 square feet of floorage area, completely equipped with all the modern machinery, appliances and labor saving devices necessary to the successful prosecution of the business, the motive power being supplied by a 12 horse power engine ; a force of competent and experienced workmen are employed, and everything pertaining, to the line of trade is pro- duced, consisting of all sizes and styles of shuttles, bobbins, spools, etc., the capacity of the works being three hundred shuttles per day. The repu- tation ofthis house is already firmly established,and the trade extends over a large area of the country, besides being constantly on the increase. Mr. Porter gives his personal supervision to each and every detail of the business, and the various pro- cesses of manufacture and finish, and the result is a superior article in each and every instance. CITY OF MANCHESTER. OF the district now comprised within the City of Manchester and its environs, the Amoskeag tribe of Indians were, like Robinson Crusoe, " lords of all they surveyed," prior to the advent of the white man, who, Puritan and God-fearing as he was, hunting for a place where he could practice his peculiar religious ordinances in peace and at his own " sweet will," found he had to fight ere he could persuade the Indians that the lands they and their forefathers had occupied for ages, didn't exactly belong to them, but that such territory as he just felt like " prospecting," he was entitled to claim as his. The whole country-side, hereabouts, possessed a rich soil, with undulating surface, and this was drained by Massabesick Pond and numerous small streams which had their confluence with the River Merrimack, whose waters had for centuries rolled and tumbled over what are now known as Amoskeag Falls, on their way to the sea. Amoskeag was so named on account of these falls, the appellation signifying " the place of much fish." The Indians who resided here gained an easy living by catching fish at the falls, and when the first white settlers presented themselves, the former endeavored to make an impression upon the minds of the latter that the territory could only be peopled by one race, and that the red skins. The first settlers to arrive and to locate within the present boundaries of the City came in 1722 from the Massachusetts Colony, and these were, John Goffe, Jr., Edward Lingfieldjand Benjamin Kidder, who built homes for themselves and families on Cohas Brook, Goffe' s house being nearly oppo- site the falls that now bear his name. Other settlers followed, and eleven years afterwards, Archibald Stark, John McNeil and John Riddell, who came with their families from Nutfield, now Londonderry, took up their abodes near the Amoskeag Falls. The Indians fought with them, then entered into struggles of extermination with neighboring hostile tribes, and weakened themselves to a degree that they could fight but little ; still, those who had escaped the toma- hawk, by prowling around when least expected, kept the white men active and continually under arms. In their last and final efforts to expel the invaders, the Indians, in what is known as King Philip's War, were killed or compelled to seek habitation elsewhere, and peace was assured as against the savages. To reside in the neighborhood of Amoskeag Falls in those days was to realize all the dangers of "border life ; " and the settlers who took prominent parts, under Col. Goffe, Capt. Rogers and Gen. Stark, in the various wars of the last century, knew little of peace, and had but little chance to develop the settlement by building highways and introducing other evidences of civilization, until the last gun in the Revolutionary War had been fired. The first effort to establish manufactures, for which Manchester has since become famous, grew out of a public reward for engaging in battles with Indians. Major Ephraim Hildreth and several other Massachusetts men were given a tract of land three miles wide on the east bank of the Merrimack, from Suncook to Litchfield. This grant was named Tyngstown, in honor of Capt. William Tyng. On Cohas Brook Major Hildreth built a saw mill. The first settlers of London- derry, we are told, supposed that that portion of Manchester on the east side of the Merrimack was included in their grant, but through a mistake in making the survey, a strip of land eight miles long, and a mile wide, on the east bank of the river, was cut off and left outside their jur- isdiction. This tract, which included what is now the most densely populated part of Man- chester, was called Harrytown. For a long period there was a dispute between the authorities of Massachusetts and New Hampshire as to the boundary line between the two States, and this involved the question as 141 142 CITY OF MANCHESTER. to which State Tyngstown belonged. In 1740 a settlement of the dispute was arrived at, and Tyngstown was decided to belong to New Hampshire. On Sept. 3, 1751, in response to a peti- tion the governor and council of New Hampshire granted a Town's Charter for atown to be called Derryfield, whose limits contained an area of thirty-five square miles. At the Hall Tavern, Manchester Centre, the first town's meeting was held on Sept. 9, 1751, and for early a century afterwards this continued to be the location of the " seat of government." NEW GOVERNMENT BUILDING. The little town was progressive ; it had within it natural and acquired resources for the upbuild- ing of a large and prosperous manufacturing centre ; and there were not wanting those who "staked their all" in laudable efforts to make the utmost use of these facilities in establishing around the Amoskeag Falls the nucleus of the present flourishing and prosperous city of Man- chester. Foremost among these was the Hon. Samuel Blodgett, who recognized that here would arise a manufacturing city like unto that of Manchester in England, and he did his utmost to make it so. He was a shrewd, far-sighted man, and enterprising and when he took up his residence on the east bank of the Merrimack, near Amoskeag Falls, he was possessed of a large fortune. He has left a record on the pages of the history of his State as " the pionec r of internal improvements in New Hampshire." He had been a sutler during the Colonial and Revolutionary Wars, a judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and a merchant with extensive business connections. He set about the construction of the canal which now runs around the falls, so that through it might be carried to market the vast quantities of lumber that grew on CITY OF MANCHESTER. 143 HANOVEK HOUSE. the banks of the Merrimack. This work was begun in May, 1794, and it exhausted not only Judge Blodgett's private fortune, but all the money he could raise by lottery. The work, how- ever, was completed in May, 1807, but only four months before Judge Blodgett breathed his last. Had he lived three years longer he would have had the gratification of seeing the realiza- tion of his prophecy that Derryfield would become "The Manchester of America," for, on May 13, 1 8 10, when the population of the town had increased to 615, and when the first cotton mill upon the river at Amoskeag had just been completed, the town empowered Thomas Stickney, John G. Moor and Amos Weston as a committee to petition the Legislature to change the name of the town from Derryfield to Man- chester. This was no doubt done out of com- pliment to the memory of Judge Blodgett. In the following June session the Legislature granted the prayer of the petitioners, and since then Manchester has become the leading and most prosperous of New Hampshire's cities, and has made a reputation for itself, through its manufactures, as wide as the world is broad. In 1846 Manchester was raised from the rank of a town to the dignity of a city. The first election took place on August 19, in that year, at which the usual officers were elected with the exception of mayor, there being four candidates and no choice. On the first day of September, a second election for mayor was held, resulting in the return of Mr. Hiram Brown, the Whig candidate, by 24 majority, in a vote of 1,154. The city government was organized Sept. 8, 1846 in the Town House, in the presence of a large concourse of people. The population at this time was 10,125. The city extends up and down both sides of the Merrimack River, is eighteen miles south from Concord, eighteen miles north from Nashua, forty-one west from Portsmouth, twenty-six north-west from Lawrence, and fifty-four north-west from Boston. It contains twenty- one thousand seven hundred acres, more" than one-quarter of which is improved land. The city owes its origin and prosperity to its manufacturing enterprises, and it is to-day one of the principal cotton and woollen manufacturing centres in the country. The pioneer concern was the Amoskeag Cotton and Woollen Manufacturing Co. In 1810, and just before the town changed its name from Derryfield to Manchester, a factory was built on the west bank of the river, by Benjamin Prichard, and Ephraim, David and Robert Stevens, who were the nucleus of a stock company which held its first meeting January 31, 1810, as " The Proprietors of the Amoskeag Cotton and Wool Factory," and was incorporated in June of the same year as "The Amoskeag Cotton and Woollen Manufacturing Company." Its mill was forty feet square and two stories high. There was then no picker, and the cotton was ginned in the neighborhood at four cents a pound. The machinery consisted only of spindles, and the yarns, at once the company's dividends, the officers' salaries, and the operatives' wages, were either sold as they were spun, or woven for the company by the housewives of the town. After several changes in ownership, and some increase of facilities, the mill property and privileges came into the possession of the " Amoskeag Manufacturing Company," which was incorporated in 1831, and which purchased large tracts of land on both sides of the river, and acquired con- trol of the immense water-power which has made Manchester what it is to-day. Soon after, this corporation began to erect mills and boarding-houses on the east side of the river, and to develop its immense purchase by selling land and water-powers to other corporations, which were induced by its liberal policy to organize and locate here. One of these, the Stark, was organized in 1838, the Manchester in 1839, the Namaske Mill in 1856, the Langdon in 1860, the Deny Mills in 1865, and the Amory in 1879. On October 24, 1838, the Amoskeag Company made its 144 CITY OF MANCHESTER. first public sale of lands to men who were builders of the coming city. A few streets had already been laid out and graded, and this sale gave increased vigor to the growth of the town, several blocks and public buildings being erected soon after. The second sale occurred in October of the following year. The land then sold was bounded by Elm, Hanover, Union and Merrimack streets, which brought higher prices than the lots offered at the first sale, owing to the rapid growth of the town. The new village thus established on the river's bank soon eclipsed the old FRANKLIN STREET CHURCH. town at the Centre, from which it was then separated by a dense wood, and mutual jealousy and ill feeling naturally arose to such a height, that at the annual meeting of 1840, thirty constables had to be chosen before the business could be proceeded with. There were two sets of candi- dates, representing the interests of the old and new towns, and the latter carried the day, and CITY OF MANCHESTER. 145 146 CITY OF MANCHESTER. thereafter held the reins of government. In 1841, the first town meeting was held in the new village, in a hall on Amherst street. During this year the town bought from the Amoskeag Company for $2,400 the lot on the corner of Elm and Market streets, where the City Hall now stands. On Sept. 26, 1844, the Amoskeag Company had the third land sale, and that sold com- prised the tract bounded by Elm, Merrimack, Union and Park streets. Higher prices were obtained than at the previous sales. In 1845, on the 3Oth of September, the fourth and last extensive land sale of the Amoskeag Company, embracing the tract between Elm, Lowell, Union and Orange streets, took place. The history of the manufacturing interests of Manchester is almost coeval with that of the city itself. These interests are the source of its vitality, having raised it from the level of a mere fishing resort to its present position of commercial importance and thriving activity. From a small beginning, on the west side of the river, where yarn was spun, the cotton having been previously cleansed by hand in the neighboring families, the business has progressed until the corporations of the city employ over ten thousand persons, and have a monthly pay-roll of over four hundred thousand dollars. The daily product of the mills is about 200 miles of cloth. Closely identified with the interests of the city have been the growth and prosperity of the Amos- keag Manufacturing Com'pany. .This company was organized in July, 1831, and absorbed sev- eral lesser companies that had begun the manufacture of cotton cloth, and, as already shown, purchased 1,500 acres of land on the east side of the river, built a new dam, constructed canals, erected mills, leased and sold water privileges and mill sites to other corporations, and laid out the site of the town, building tenements and boarding houses for their own operatives, and sell- ing large tracts of land to new settlers. This liberal policy was an inducement to other manu- facturers to locate here, and to-day we have in our midst vast mills engaged in the manufacture of cotton and woollen goods, paper, hosiery, loco- ' motives and steam fire engines, b uilders' hardware, knitting machine needles and button fasteners, bob- bins, spools, shuttles, blinds, sashes, brackets, pack- ing boxes, chairs, roll skins, iron and wood-working machinery, knitting machines, carriages, card, clothing, pottery, etc. The city has many exten- sive commercial houses that control a large vol- ume of trade throughout New England, and these are managed with ability and success. In this progressive age, the prospects of a city for the future are largely due to its transportation facilities. Fortunately, Manchester has many advantages of this kind. Railroads come to the city from all quarters, and freight and passenger rates are fair and equitable. The various railroad companies possessing running powers into Manchester are, Concord Railroad, incorpo- rated in 1835 ; Concord and Portsmouth Railroad, incorporated in 1855, extending from Manches- ter to Portsmouth, and run by the Concord and Manchester and Lawrence Railroad Companies; Manchester and Lawrence Railroad, incorporated in 1847 ; and Manchester and North Weare Railroad, from Manchester to North Weare, run by the Concord and Manchester and Lawrence Railroad Companies. The main streets of the city are supplied with traveling facilities by the Manchester Horse Railroad, incorporated in 1876. Manchester is well provided with what are so highly valued by densely populafed cities, and often difficult to obtain, namely, "breathing places." In the heart of the city are five public commons, gifts from the Amoskeag Company, in addition to the private squares which surround its own blocks and those of other corporations. The commons are known as Merri- mack, Concord, Tremont, Hanover and Park Squares. The largest of these commons is the Merrimack, containing 5^ acres, bounded by Elm, Merrimack, Chestnut and Central streets. It is enclosed by a substantial iron fence, and has, on its northern side, a large pond, supplied by a culvert leading to it from Hanover Square. Near the centre is located the soldier's monument. Concord Square is bounded by Concord, Vine, Amherst and Pine streets, is intersected by Chestnut street, and contains 4^ acres. It is surrounded by stone edging, has numerous shade trees, and an attractive fountain near its centre. Hanover Square is bounded by Union, iiiimiiiii iiiiiiiiuiii iiiiiiiiiiiii SMYTHS BLOCK. CITY OF MANCHESTER. 147 Amherst, Beech, and Hanover streets, and contains four acres. It has a large pond, supplied by the waters of Mile Brook, and is well supplied with shade trees. Tremont Square is situated between Pine, Bridge, Union and High streets, and contains 2^ acres. Some of the original forest trees yet remain upon it. Park Square, situated between Chestnut, Park, Pine and Cedar streets, contains 3^ acres, is very level, without water and partially shaded. About half-way from the northern and southern limits is the principal business centre of the city, and here, too, the population is the most dense. On the east bank of the Merrimack are located the great manufactories, their canals running parallel with the river, and bordered by the track of the Concord Railway and a street of 60 feet in width, which belongs to the corpora- tions. Forty or fifty rods to the east of this and parallel with it, at an elevation of 90 feet from the surface of the river, extends the city's main thoroughfare. This is Elm street, which is two and one half miles in length, paved partially with granite blocks, bordered with brick or concrete sidewalks, and shaded with trees. It was hud out as a public highway by the selectmen of the town on May 5, 1840, and is 100 feet wide, with 12 feet on each side for footwalks, and 10 feet in the centre for ornamental trees. The streets are laid out to cross each other at right angles, running nearly north and south and east and west. The government of the city is vest- ed in a mayor, eight aldermen, one from each ward, and twenty-four mem- bers of the common council, three from each ward, all elected biennially by the people in November. The mayor is chairman of the board of mayor and aldermen, and the city clerk is the clerk of the board. The common council chooses a presiding officer from its members, and appoints a clerk. Assessors are elected, one from each ward, who together consti- OPEKA HOUSE BLOCK. , , ~ , tute a board. Each ward also elects one .nspector of check-lists and one overseer of the poor, and one moderator, one ward clerk, and three selectmen, for the transaction of ward business. The city councils in convention elect the city clerk, city treasurer, city solicitor, city physician, city messenger, superin- tendent of the city farm and keeper of House of Correction, superintendents of highways, and several minor officers. The board of mayor and aldermen appoints a collector of taxes, and the mayor appoints three health officers. The present mayor is Mr. John Hosley. The fires which frequently occurred in the early history of the city satisfied the citizens that a system of Water Works was essential, but no practical step was taken to secure it until 1871, when the city council took the matter in hand, and appointed Colonel J. T. Fanning to perfect a system for securing an adequate supply from Massabesic Lake. A substantial dam was built across the outlet of the lake at Cohas Brook, a suitable canal and penstock constructed, leading the water to. the pumping-station, where it turns the wheels and feeds the pumps which drive it through the forcemain, seven thousand feet long and twenty inches in diameter, to the reservoir at Manchester Centre. This basin has a capacity of sixteen million gallons, is one hundred and fifty-two feet above Elm street at the City Hall, one hundred and eighty-eight feet above the level of Canal street at the passenger station, and one hundred and thirteen feet above the level of the pumps which supply it. The pumps are worked by two turbine wheels, and deliver one thou- sand nine hundred and eighty gallons a minute, or two million eight hundred and fifty-one thou- sand two hundred gallons in twenty-four hours. The cemeteries of the city are kept in excellent condition and are the pride of the people. The city owns three cemeteries, Valley, Pine Grove and Amoskeag cemeteries. The Valley is 79 7-10, Pine Grove 54 and Amoskeag 434" acres in extent. There are several private burial grounds. About two miles from the City Hall, on Milford street, near the town of Bedford, is located a Catholic burying-ground called St. Joseph's 148 CITY OF MANCHESTER. cemetery. Nearly two-thirds of its twenty acres have been improved. Four acres of land, situated west of the intersection of Beech street and Manchester and Lawrence railroad, were purchased December 10, 1878, and now constitute the St. Augustine cemetery. Mount Calvary cemetery, which belongs to the St. Marie society, contains about thirty acres of land, situated in Amoskeag, on the elevated ground lying north of the Goffstown road. Several acres have been laid out in lots and avenues. There are also the old burying-ground at the Centre ; one at Goffe's Falls ; one in West Man- chester ; one near the school-house at Harvey's mills, called the " Merrill cemetery ;" one in the eastern part of the City, known as "Stowell's ground;" the "Ray cemetery," on the River road, near Amoskeag Falls ; the " Forest cemetery," on the old Weston farm in the south-eastern part of the city ; and a small yard in the north part of the city. Some of the above are private and most of them but little used. In 1839, the town voted to buy a fire-engine and necessary apparatus. To this single engine others were added from time to time, until eight or ten engine and hose companies were under the city's control, when the first steam fire-engine was bought in 1879. This was also the first one made by the Amoskeag Company, whose engines have since gained a world-wide celebrity. This invention wrought a revolution in the fire department, and as more steamers were added the hand-machines were withdrawn and the membership diminished, until the department acquired its present proportions. During the past year, a new engine house was built at West Manchester, at a cost of $10,000. A new second-class steam fire-engine was purchased, at an expense of $4,000, to replace the old steamer Fire King. A chemical engine was bought for $2,250 ; also a new hook-and-ladder truck, at a cost of 1,800, a hose-wagon costing $350, and seven horses. A lot of land on Webster street was purchased for a site for a new engine house in that quarter, and contracts were awarded for the erection of a building. The fire alarm telegraph system has been en- tirely remodeled by putting up new copper wire, and nine new boxes have been added, the whole cost being $6,000. The present organization of the de- partment includes one hundred and eighteen members, as fol- lows : I Chief Engineer ; 4 As- sistant Engineers ; 3 Steam Fire engine Companies, 14 men each; I Horse Hose Company, 20 jnen; 2 Horse Hose Companies, 12 men each ; I Chemical En- gine Company, 4 men ; I Hook-and-Ladder Company, 25 men. In 1872 the fire alarm tele- graph was adopted, and it comprises over twenty-seven miles of wire and forty-five alarm boxes and seven tower strikers. The police service is an efficient and well equipped force. The court sits daily for trial of criminal cases. The regular term return day, first Wednesday of each month. In addition to the ordinary day and night staffs there is a strong force of "special police." While Manchester was known as Derryfield, but little attention was given to the sub- ject of education, and such school facilities as were provided were maintained by voluntary subscriptions. Up to 1781 private dwellings were used for schools, but in that year a public school was built, and two years later the selectmen, by making four divisions of the town for school purposes, originated the school-district system, which continued eighty-five years. The city assumed control of the schools in 1868. The first teacher, as shown by the records, was Jonathan Rand. Most of the present twenty-five school buildings were built under the district system. The school property now owned by the city is valued at $325,225. MERCHANTS' EXCHANGE BLOCK. CITY OF MANCHESTER. 149 The city has an efficient training school for teachers, founded in 1869, and this has fitted 107 regular teachers for the public schools. There are evening schools in Spring street and Lowell street on the East Side, and one in School street on the West Side, and these are rendering excellent service. The Roman Catholics of the city had supported private schools in district No. 2 prior to 1 86 1, but in that year the district voted them the use of the Park street building, and schools were superintended there by Rev. Wm. McDonald, and supported by the Catholics until 1863, when the School Board decided to take charge of the schools. The Board, how- ever, established others, so that in 1868 there were about half a dozen Catholic schools, whose teachers were elected upon nomination by Fr. McDonald, and the teachers wore in the school the dress peculiar to sisters of Roman Catholic convents. These schools were maintained at the city's expense, and were discontinued in 1868. The Catholics are still allowed the use of the building given them in 1861, and most of the teachers in their schools are taught by sisters from Mt. St. Mary's Convent. The Manchester Athenaeum, founded in 1844, was the origin of the present City Free Library. The Athenaeum, in 1846 and 1847, received in gifts from the manufacturing cor- porations $2,000, and in 1854 the property it had accumulated was transferred to the City, PUBLIC SCHOOL BUILDING. and the library was made free. February 5, 1856, it was nearly destroyed by fire, but the shelves were speedily replenished, and in July, 1871, it was located in a brick building erected for its use on Franklin street, at a cost of $30,000, the lot being the gift of the Amoskeag Company. During the year 1882, an annex to the library was built, at a cost of $9,500. The library contains 27,491 volumes, in every department of literature, besides some 2,000 pamphlets, maps, etc., and has been the recipient of liberal donations, the prin- cipal of which are those from Dr. Oliver Dean, Hon. Gardner Brewer, and Hon. Moody Currier. Books are delivered from 9 to 12 A. M., and 2 to 5 and 7 to 9 P M., Sundays, Wednesday evenings, and holidays excepted. A well furnished reading-room in connection with the above is kept open to the public during the same hours. If there was one thing more than another for which the first settlers of the country were noted it was their fervid piety. They tried religion in combination with bullets upon the red savages who took fish from the waters at Amoskeag Falls ; and when the Indians had cleared 150 CITY OF MANCHESTER. out, the white men who stepped into their places, mixed fishing with preaching among them- selves. The Rev. Mr. Seccomb, of Kingston, came here to fish in 1743, ar >d on Sundays deliv- ered exhortations to the residents, who in 1758 founded a meeting house. The founders, however, had too much of the "Old Adam" in them, for they quarrelled, and their meeting house went to decay. The Baptists organized a church in 1812, but, after flourishing a few years, this was dissolved, and preaching in the settlement became fitful and spasmodic, until Deember 2, 1828, when the Congregationalists organized at Amoskeag Village the first perma- nent church. A Presbyterian church had been organized at Manchester Centre a few months before, and these two churches amalgamated August 15, 1839, and a building was erected on Hanover street. Rev. Cyrus Wallace was ordained as its pastor January 8, 1840, and he was the first minister ever settled and ordained in the town. Since then religious efforts have been earnest, energetic and ample in the city, and the several handsome church edifices attest the 7eal, taste and wealth of the various sects of religionists. The Franklin Street (Congregational) church has a chime of nine bells in its tower. The First Baptist church, on the corner of Concord and Union streets, was erected at a cost of $60,000. Merrimack Street Baptist church was founded in 1845, and the present building cost $7,000. The Pine Street Freewill Baptist church dates its organization from 1842, and an offshoot of this is the Merrimack Street Freewill Baptist church, founded in 1860. The Meth- odist Episcopalians were among the first to preach the Gospel in Manchester, and they estab- lished their first church September 21, 1829. The St. Paul's Methodist society, now worshipping on the corner of Union and Amherst streets, where the church was built in 1883 at a cost of $36,000, was organized December 16, 1839. The Grace Episcopal church, on the corner of Lowell and Pine streets, was organized in July, 1841. The Unitarians organized their society in 1841; the Universalists founded their church in 1839, and the Christian church, worship- ping in Mirror Hall, was founded September 21, 1870. The St. James' M. E. Mission church, on Penacook street, was organized June 2, 1881. The Second Advent Society, existing since 1843, built their church on Pearl and Arlington streets in 1881. The City Missionary Society began in 18, and in 1850 built the church on the corner of Merrimack and Beech streets. The West Manchester Union Congregational church was organized September 10, 1883, and worship in a building on Main street, built by Presbyterians in 1820. The Spiritualist Society, founded in 1880, worship in Music Hall. The German church of the New Jerusalem, No. 25 Mast Road, West Manchester, was organized September 4, 1 88 1. The Swedish Evangelical Lutheran church, hold- ing services in Mission chapel, was organized in June, 1882. The First German Presbyterians organized July, 26, 1882, and worship Sunday mornings in Young Men's Christian Association room, and Sunday evenings in Main Street church, West Manchester. In July, 1844, the Rev. Wm. McDonald came to Manchester. There were then no Catholic churches. Under his influence St. Anne's, on the corner of Merrimack and Union streets, was built, and he is still the pastor. There are three other Catholic churches in the city. These are St. Jcseph's, built in 1869, on the corner of Lowell and Pine streets ; St. Augustine (French), corner of Beech and Spruce streets, built 1874 ; and St. Marie (French), Beaufort street, West Manhester, erected in 1881. The City of Manchester is in no sense lacking of benevolent organizations, charitable asso- ciations, and trade, literary, military, agricultural, political, social, boating and amusement societies, all of which are well supported and in a flourishing condition. The City has eleven newspapers. The Daily Mirror and American and The Weekly Mirror and Farmer, are published by Mr. John B. Clarke. The Union Democrat (weekly) and WEEKS' BLOCK. CITY OF MANCHESTER. 151 Manchester Union (morning and evening), are issued by Mr. J. C. Moore. American Young Folks, consolidated with the Boys and Girls of New Hampshire, is published monthly by the American Young Folks Co. Echo Des Canadiens (weekly) is issued by C. L. Fitzpatrick and L. Bondreau ; Le Rateau (weekly), P. C. Chatel, proprietor ; Manchester Weekly Budget, Kendall & Ladd, publishers; Semi-Weekly Record, Frank H. Challis, proprietor; Notes and Queries (monthly magazine), issued by S. C. and L. M. Gould. Manchester had its Town House before its City Hall. A hall on Amherst street at first served the purposes of the Town House. In 1841, the town bought the site of the present City Hall for $2,400, and erected on it at a cost of $17,000, the Town House, and in 1842 the first meeting was held in it. On August 12, 1844, the building was destroyed by fire, and on the same spot the City Hall was built at a cost of 35,000, and opened in October, 1845. Manchester's sons have, throughout her history, been noted for their valor, and they have had their full share of fighting in the various wars in which America has had to engage. When the Civil War broke out the "boys " were ready for the conflict that should determine the con- tinuance or the severance of the Union. Many of the " boys," however, never returned to tell their story of their battles by road and field, but their fellow citizens held their memory in rever- ence, and practical proof of this is to be found in the handsome monument that stands on Merri- mack Square, and which was unveiled September n, 1879. In style, modern Gothic; in materials, New Hampshire granite and bronze ; the monument, in its design, is historical and military, besides being a useful fountain. The base, which is cruciform, includes a basin, thirty feet in width, inclosed in a parapet of ornamental character. In the center of each of the four projecting arms of the basin is a pedestal, on a line with the parapet, supporting each a bronze statue of heroic size, representing the principal divisions of service in the arrfty and navy ; namely, the infantry soldier, the cavalryman, artilleryman and sailor. Alternating in pairs between these figures are eight bronze posts for gas-lights, surmounted by our national emblem. The column, fifty feet in height, rising from the center of the basin, is supported on a circula- pedestal four feet in diameter, and is crowned with a capital richly carved with appropriate Gothic ornament ; upon this is placed a colossal statue, in granite, eight feet in height, repre- senting Victory with her mural crown, a shield lying at her feet, and holding a wreath and recumbent sword emblematic of triumph and peace. This figure, irrespective of the sentiment which it admirably conveys, is a fine work of art in its attitude, features and drapery. At the base of the column is placed a shield with the arms of the city ; while above are displayed flags and weapons, the trophies of war. Surrounding the circular pedestal is a bronze bas-relief, four feet in height, representing such incidents of recruiting, arming, parting from friends and march- ing, as tell in a simple and effective manner, the meaning of the memorial. Above the bas- relief are twelve gargoyles, attached to the cornice of the circular pedestal, and issuing from them are jets of water falling into the basin below. The monument, which cost $22,000 in its erec- tion, bears the inscription " In honor of the men of Manchester, who gave their services in the War which preserved the Union of the States and secured equal rights to all under the Constitu- tion, this monument is built by a grateful City." CITY OF MANCHESTER. The New Hampshire Trust Company, No. 908 Elm Street; Ex-Governor James A. Weston, President ; Leonard P. Foster, Secre- tary ; Hiram D. Upton, Treasurer. Special at- tention is directed in this commercial review to the substantial and responsible New Hampshire Trust Co., whose offices in Manchester, N. H., are eligibly located at No. 908 Elm street. The com- pany has likewise offices in the Sears' Building, Boston, and western offices in Minneapolis, Minn.; Fargo, Dakota ; Topeka, Kansas. This company was duly incorporated by special charter of the Legislature ot New Hampshire in 1885, with a paid up capital of $200,000, and is under the su- pervision of the Bank Commissioners of the State. The following gentlemen are the officers and directors, viz : Ex-Gov. James A. Weston, presi- dent ; Hon. Charles H. Bartlett, Foster R. Clem- eat, vice-presidents ; Hiram D. Upton, treasurer ; Leonard P. Foster, secretary ; Foster R. Clement, western manager. Directors : Ex-Gov. James A. Weston, Manchester, N. H.,pres. Merchants' Nat. Bank, and pres. N. H. Fire Ins. Co. ; Ex-Gov. P. C. Cheney, Manchester, N. H., U. S. Senator, pres. Peoples' Savings Bank; Hon. James F. Briggs, (ex-M. C.), Manchester, N. H., pres. First Nat. Bank of Hillsborough ; Hon. Claries H. Bartlett, Manchester, N. H., formerly clerk U. S. District Court; John C. French, Manchester, N. H., sec'y N. H. Fire Ins. Co.; Alonzo Elliott, Manchester, N. H., of Elliott & Ryder, bankers ; Hon. William P. Chamberlain, Keene, N. H.; Seth M. Richards, Newport., N. H. T of Dexter Richards & Son ; Hon. Hiram A. Tuttle, Pitts- fie-ld, N. H.; S. B. Pearmain, No. 51 State street, Boston, Mass., of Pearmain & Brooks, note and stock brokers ; Henry Allison, Fitchburg, Mass., pres. Safety Fund Nat. Bank ; Hon. Benjamin F. Cutter, No. SO Chauncy street, Boston, Mass.; Henry K. French, Peterborough, N. H.; Hon. John M. Parker, (Soffstown, N. H., pres. Guaranty Savings Bank of Manchester; Hon. Benjamin A. Kimb.ill, Concord, N. H., managing director Con- cord R. R.; Hon. William M. Chase, Concord, N. H., formerly pres. First Nat. Bank of Concord ; F. D. Hutchins, Lancaster, N. H., cashier Lan- caster Nat. Bank ; Hon. John Sise, Portsmouth, N. H., pres. Nat. Mechanics' and Traders' Bank ; Hon. Charles H. Sawyer, Dover, N. H., of Sawyer Woollen Mills ; Hiram D. Upton, Manchester, N. H., formerly cashier Monadnock Nat. Bank of East Jaffrey, and pres. North-western Trust Co.; Foster R. Clement, Minneapolis, Minn., formerly manager North-western Trust Co.; Leonard P. Foster, Manchester, N. H. ; Geo. S. Dowley. pres. Vermont Nat. Bank, Brattleboro ; Geo. C. Fiske, pres. Wason Car Co, Springfield, Mass. The company makes a specialty of western farm mortgages, and likewise acts as fiscal agent for individuals, estates, municipalities and corpora- tions, and as trustee in corporation mortgages. The company likewise collects checks, drafts and notes, and all similar items in all sections of the United States and Canada. It also buys and sells stocks, bonds and notes at market rates, and pays interest on time deposits. The company has always choice six and seven per cent, loans in all sizes on hand ready for immediate delivery, and other desirable investments in county, city and water company bonds, paying from five to six per cent. The following statement "shows the affairs of the conipany on. the 30th day of June, 1887. The liabilities, including capital of $200,000 and surplus and profits of $29,742.82 are $941,610.42. The assets are, loans on real estate, $796,091.04; loans on personal security, $36,207.47 ; loans on collateral security, $54,000 ; county, city, town and district bonds, $22,682.57 ; other items, $32,- 629.34, making a total of $941,610.42. Sums from $200 up can be more satisfactorily invested in this way and with less trouble and anxiety to the owner than any other security now available in the American money market. R. E. McKean, Fashionable Tailor, Cham- bers, Opera House Block, Hanover Street. This house is one of the foremost exponents of the tailor- ing art in the city ; the garments leaving this re- liable and popular establishment being first-class in every feature of merit, in cut, fit, finish and material ; while the patronage of the house is exceedingly large. This flourishing establish- ment was first opened in 1881 by the firm of Williams & McKean, who conducted it up to 1884, when Mr. McKean became sole proprietor, who has since carried on the business alone with uninterrupted success. The premises occupied, which are spacious and commodious, are taste- fully fitted up and appointed, and an exceed- ingly fine assortment of imported and domestic fabrics in the newest styles, designs and patterns, elegant cassimeres, cloths, plaids, stripes, meltons, serges, checks, tweeds, cheviots ana fashionable suitings of all kinds is constantly carried on hand, while from fifteen to twenty-five expert workmen are employed in the shop, and the trade, which extends throughout the city and environs, is of a most influential aod flourishing character, and grows apace. Mr. McKean is a native of this state, wi(h fifteen years practical experience in the exercise of his trade, and fully merits the large measure of popular favor and patronage he receives, as he always guarantees complete satis- faction. 152 LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 153 The First National Bank, of Manches- ter, N. H. The history of The First National Bank of Manchester is closely identified with that of the progress of the city. It was incor- porated as a state bank. The bank has printed its history based upon the records in its keeping, and we are told the institution was originally in- corporated under the name of the Merrimack River Bank, July 14, 1855, Ralph Metcalf being Governor of the state. The charter was granted for the term of twenty years from July 15, and was accepted August 1st by the following board of grantees (those whose names are marked with an asterisk [*] are now dead) : *\Villiam Whit- tle, William G. Means, *John H. Moore, *Peter P. Woodbury, Frederick Smyth, William P. Newell, *Timothy W. Little, *William Patten, *Isaac Torapkins, Isaac W. Smith. *Frederick G. Stark, *John Ordway, *Geo. W. Converse, Josiah C. Eastman, *\Villiam Shepherd, *D. J. Daniels, *C. W. Baldwin, *Jacob G. Cilley, *Alonzo Smith, David Cross, *Phineh;s Adams. Francis H. Lyfoid, B. F. Martin, *William Richardson, Waterman Smith, *Frank A. Brown, Alphens Gay, Jr., Joseph B. Clark, John M. Parker, *Heury T. Mowatt, *Geo. W. Bailey, William Perkins, and their associates. The first meeting of the grantees took place at the office of Fred- erick Smyth, No. 4 Smyth's Block. Suitable by-laws were adopted, the capital stock, 150,000, divided into 1.500 shares, and the requisite ma- chinery for the successful working of the new institution was provided. The following were chosen directors: William G. Means, Waterman Smith, William P. Newell, John H. Moore, Wil- liam Whittle, B. F. Martin, David Cross; presi- dent, William G. Means ; cashier, Frederick Smyth; clerk, John D. Irving. The Bank of Commerce, in Boston, was selected as a place of deposit. The discount of notes was authorized Nov. 1, 1855, and the first loan was make to the agent of the Manchester Mills. By Nov. 7, the capital stock had all been subscribed and paid in. In 1856, the board of directors was re-elected, and in November of that year William Whittle resigned and Phinehas Adams was chosen in bis place, and there was no further change until 1859, when Mr. Means resigned as president, and was succeeded by B. F. Martin, who served one year, and was succeeded by Waterman Smith. The various elections of directors have been as follows: 1859, B F. Martin, Waterman Smith, David Cross, John H. Moore, William P. Newell, Phinehas Adams and Joseph B. Clark ; 1860 4, Waterman Smith, Aretas Blood, David Cross, Natt Head, Joseph B. Clark, William W. Brown and R. N. Batchelder ; 1866-7, no change ; 1868-9, Waterman Smith, David Cross, Natt Head, W. W. Brown, Joseph B. Clark, R. N. Batchelder and Thomas Wheat; 1870-4, Waterman Smith, David Cross, W. W. Brown, Thomas Wheat, Natt Head, Frederick Smyth and Joseph B. Clark; 1875-6, Waterman Smith, Joseph B. Clark, Fred- erick Smyth, Thomas Wheat. David Cross and Natt Head; 1877, Waterman Smith, David Cross, Frederick Smyth, Joseph B. Clark, F. B. Eaton and Thomas Wheat ; 1878-83, Waterman Smith, Joseph B. Clark, Frederick Smyth, F. B. Euton, David Cross, Thomas Wheat and Natt Head ; 1884, officers : president, Frederick Smyth ; vice-president, David Cross; cashier, Chas. F. Morrill ; clerk, John P. Goggin ; direc- tors, David Cross, Frederick Smyth, Joseph B. Clark, F. B. Eaton, Thomas Wheat, Frank Dowst and Joseph F. Kennard ; 1887, Frederick Smyth, David Cross, Thomas Wheat, F. B. Eaton, Joseph F. Kennard, Frank Dowst and Freeman Higgins. On the 22nd of March, 1865, the stock- holders voted to reorganize under the United States Bank Act as the First National Bank of Manchester. This institution has never missed paying a dividend to its stockholders semi-annu- ally, and has never paid less than six per cent. ; indeed more often eight or ten per cent, than oth- erwise. On the first of August, 1887, the bank was shown to have a capital stock paid in of $150,000, a surplus fund of $30.000 and undi- vided profits amounting to $1,110. The institu- tion transacts a general banking business in loans, discounts, deposits, and makes collections through correspondents at home and abroad. The Bon-ton correspondent is the Commonwealth Na- tional Bank, the U. S. depository. The president is Mr. Frederick Smyth, who is a native of New Hampshire. From '1864 to 1883 he was the cashier of the bank, and in the latter year was elected president. He is also president and treas- urer of the Merrimack River Savings Bank. Mr. Charles F. Morrill, who is a native of New Hamp- shire and was formerly a clerk in the bank, has been cashier since 1883. He is also a trustee of the Merrimack River Savings Bank. Few banks in the New England States present so favorable a showing as does that of which this article treats. F. M. Oliver & Co., Wholesale Dealers in Boots and Shoes, Rubbers and Shoe Findings, No. 89 Hanover Street. A prominent and reliable house engaged exclusively in the wholesale trade in boots, shoes, rubbers and shoe findings is that of Messrs. F. M. Oliver & Co., of No. 89 Hanover street. This enterprising and flourishing busi- ness house was originally established in April, 1886, by Messrs. J. P. Thomas & Co. In Febru- ary, 1887, Messrs. F. M. Oliver & Co. succeeded to the business, and by able management together with energy and honorable business methods have brought the business to its present state of pros- perity, Mr. Oliver bringing to bear the experi- ence of some years ; for twenty years he was traveling talesman in this line, making him eminently fitted for this business, and a con- stantly increasing business is being developed throughout the New England States. The house is represented by three traveling salesman. This is the only house of its kind in theity of Man- chester. The premises occupied by the firm are located at No. 89 Hanover slreet, nearly opposite the post-office, and consist of first floor and base- ment 25x80 feet. They have on hand and carry a full line of boots, shoes, rubbers, slippers and shoe findings, of desirable manufacturers. The house receive the goods direct from well-known manufacturers, and are in a position to make advantageous offers to the retail houses throughout the New England States, at as low prices as is consistent for good articles of footwear. Mr. F. M. Oliver is a native of this state and is a gentleman possessing excellent business qualities, and fully merits the success attending the results of this business enterprise. 154 CITY OF MANCHESTER. Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, Manufacturers of Tickings, Denims, Canton Flan- nels, Grain Bags, Ginghams, Shirtings, Stripes, Dress Goods, etc. Manchester can boast of having the largest cotton mills in the country, and these belong to the Amoskeag Manufacturing Co. This company was formed in 1831 by five Manchester men, who bought 1,500 acres of land. They sold some, and then built dams, canals, tenement houses for help, cotton mill, etc., and during the Civil War the machine shop of the mill was used for making arms. The mills have kept increasing in number to meet the enlarged trade of the com- pany, and these are now fourteen in number, and range from four to six stories high. They have a frontage of 1,500 feet and a depth of 300 feet, and occupy twenty acres of land. Here, too, is one of the largest mill chimneys in the country. It has a base of 45 feet and a height of 265 feet. The mills contain 21l ,000 spindles and 7,000 looms, and the driving force for these is furnished by 21 turbine wheels, aggregating 6,000 horse power. An auxiliary force is contributed by four steam engines of 4,500 hoise power. The boiler house has a capacity for 60 boilers and contains 48 boilers. There are 4,000 females and 3,000 males employed, and the products of the establishment consist of tickings, denims, Can- ton flannels, grain bags, ginghams, shirtings, stripes, dress goods, and a variety of fancy cotton fabrics. Weekly, 1,500,000 yards of cloth, weigh- ing 450,000 pounds are produced, and 600,000 pounds of cotton are consumed. In a year 17,500 tons of coal, 16,000 gallons of oil, 250 tons of starch and $225,000 worth of drugs are consumed. The goods produced here have no superiors in the market, and they are supplied to dealers throughout the country by the company's selling agents, Messrs. J. L. Bremer & Co., of Boston and New York. The treasurer is Mr. T. Jefferson Coolidge, whose office is at Boston. The agent at the mills is Mr. H. F. Straw, who has been employed in the mills since 1872. He is a son of Ex-Gov. Straw, who was agent for the mills for many years. The present agent assumed control of the mills four years ago as successor to Mr. Livermore. Mr. Chas. H. Manning is the general superintendent; Mr. Harry E. Parker, manufac- turing superintendent; Mr. Charles L. Richard- son, paymaster ; Mr. Edwin H. Hobbs, engineer. John E. Towle & Co., Packers and Wholesale Dealers in Pork, Lard, Dressed Hogs, Sausages, Hams, etc., Drake and Carpenter's Block, Granite Street. It is interesting to con- template the magnitude which the provision trade has attained in the United States when compared to the limit to which it was circum- scribed a quarter of a century ago. Probably no business has had a more rapid growth, and this remarkable increase must be largely ascribed to the enterprise and industry of those connected with the trade who have made its extension a life study. One of the most widely known and representative houses in this line in Manchester is that of Messrs. John E. Towle & Co., pork packers, lard refiners, and wholesale dealers in dressed hogs, sausages, tripe, hams, pigs' feet, dried beef, etc., Drake and Carpenter's Block, Granite street. This business was originally established by Messrs. Clough & Towle in 1875, and on the dissolution of the partnership in 1882, the business passed into the hands of Mr. John E. Towle, who has since conducted the enterprise under the style of John E. Towle & Co. The salesroom has an area of 25x75 feet, sud, in addi- tion to this, the proprietor occupies the basunent which is 75x75 feet in measurement. The prem- ises are fully equipped with all the latest im- proved appliances and apparatus known to Ihe trade. Mr. Towle also does some slaughtering of country fed hogs, and the curing and packing departments are under his close personal super- vision. The goods cf this bouse are unsurpassed by those of any other similar establishment, and are everywhere recognized and appreciattd by the trade as standard productions. Five hands are employed, a large stock is carried, the busi- ness is entirely wholesale, and the house ranks Al in the market. George W. Rief, Manufacturer of Stair Rails, Brackets, Mantel Shelves and Piazza Bal- usters, Scroll Sawing, etc., Forsaith's Building, Corner Franklin and Auburn Streets. The busi- ness controlled by Mr. Geo. W. Rief was origi- nally founded some fifteen years ago by W. G. Westover. In June, 1884, Mr. K. W. Morse became the proprietor, and in July 7, 1884, the latter was succeeded, by Mr. Rief, who was born in Canada thirty-two years ago. He has had ten years experience in his line of trade, and his workshop comprises one floor of Forsaith's Build- ing, on the corner of Franklin and Auburn streets. This is fully equipped with all necessary machin- ery and tools, and the machinery is operated by steam power. Constant employment is furnished to a force of experienced workmen in the several departments of sawing, planing, turning and and mouldings. The operations of the house consist of the manufacture of brackets, stair rails, posts, etc., mantel shelves and piazza balusters, and in scroll sawing, turning and general job work. In all the products of the house the determination of the firm is to produce goods that shall rank superior in the trade, both in quality of material and careful workmanship. Baril & Grenier, Druggists, No. 1104 Elm Street. Although the business of this house was founded not longer ago than December, 1886, a large, first-class patronage has already been ac- quired. The copartners, Messrs. J. B. Baril and A. G. Grenier are well known to the public. Mr. Baril, who was born in Canada, has resided in the United States for the past twenty years, the greater portion of the time in this cily. He has had years of expe- rience as a druggist and chemist, and is a pharma- cist of acknowledged skill and ability. Mr. Grenier is also a native of Canada and has lived in Manchester for the past fourteen years. He established himself in the grocery business in 1881. The store occupied is handsomely fitted up, is admirable in all its appointments, and con- tains a large, superior assortment of drugs and chemicals, all fresh and of undoubted purity, also reliable proprietary remedies, toilet and fancy goods, surgical appliances, perfumery, physicians' supplies, etc. Particular attention is devoted to the compounding of prescriptions, which are pre- pared with the finest drugs. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 155 Amoskeag National Bank, No. 867 Elm iStreet. This- is not only one of the oldest and most popular banks in the city and state, but also one of the best managed. It was staited in 1852 as a state bank under the style of The Amos- keag Bank. In 18G4 it was reorganized, and was one of the first banks to be chartered under the National Bank Act. Its career has been one of marked success, and from first to last has had the fullest confidence of the public accorded it. The bank has a capital of $'200.000, and the surplus of $60,000, which in itself is sufficient evidence of the care and prudence exercised in the manage- ment of the affairs of the institution. The presi- dent, ex-Gov. Moody Currier, has held office since 1864. He is a native of New Hampshire, and is also president and trustee of the Amoskeag Sav- ings Bank and trustee of the People's Savings Bank. The cashier is Mr. George B Chandler, who has been connected with the bank since 1864. He is also treasurer and 'trustee of the People's Savings Bank. The directors are Messrs. Moody Currier, Edson Hill, Henry Chandler, B. C. Dean, D. B. Varney, John B. Varick, Lucien B. Clough, R. P. Silver and George W. Riddle. The bank has a fine suite of offices at No. 867 Elm street, and a general banking business, including the re- ceiving of deposits, the discounting of approved commercial paper, the collection of drafts, and the dealing in first-clasa securities, is transacted. Under its present wise and conservative manage- ment, this bank is doing a large and safe busi- ness, all of its movements being marked by pru- dence, caution and honorable business methods. while it is generally recognized as H solid institu- tion, reflecting credit alike upon its officers and the community where its influence is so credita bly felt. Merrill Brothers, Flour, Grain, Shorts, etc., No. 758 Elm Street. Among the young, rising and energetic business houses in the city of Manchester, is the flour, grain and feed establish- ment of Messrs. Merrill Bros., and may be noted as one that is rapidly taking a prominent position. The individual members of the firm are B. F. and C. R. Merrill, both natives of Nor- way, Maine. The former has been a resident of this city since 1875 and the latter came here four years later. They established this enterprise in 1883 at the present address. The premises occu- pied comprise a commodious store and basement, each 25x90 feet in dimensions, and are thoroughly equipped with all necessary conveniencies. The stock comprises the most select brands of spring and winter wheat flour from the most celebrated new process mills in the United States; also fine and coarse grains and seeds, mill-feed, such as shorts, bran, chopped corn and oats, buckwheat flour, graham flour, oat and white and yellow, bolted and unbolted cornmeal, etc. They give particular attention to baled hay and straw, selecting none but the sweetest, purest and brightest to be found in the market. They have a very large trade which is both wholesale and retail, extending throughout the city and sur- rounding country. They sell for some of the most important mills in the country. Mr. C. R. Merrill is an active and prominent member of the Order of I. O. O. F.; also in the councils of the Order of Red Men. G. W. Adams, Groceries. Meats and Provi- sions, Brown's Block, Hanover Street. This busi- ness was founded in the fall of 1847 under the firm name of Aaron Felton & Co., afterwards in 1850 it became Adams & Co., then was changed to Adams & Andrews, from that title to Adams & Son, who were succeeded by Adams & Lamprey, and in 1883 Mr. G. W. Adams became sole pro- prietor and has conducted it with great success ever since. The store utilized is spacious and commodious, centrally located and fitted up in a very attractive and appropriate manner, and con- tains a full and carefully selected assortment of fancy and staple groceries, meats and provisions, such as fresh, new crop teas from Japan and China, fragrant coffees from Java, Mocha and South America, hermetically sealed goods in glass and tin from the most celebrated establishments in Europe and America, spic s, condiments, table delicacies, the most select brands of flour, pure and fresh creamery butter, eggs, cheese, and other farm and dairy products direct from the pro- ducers, also fresh and salt meats, provisions, etc. The premises contain all the latest ?nd best improved refrigerators to supply cold storage for the preservation of perishable articles, such as fresh meats, poultry, vegetables, etc., for an indefi- nite length of time. The goods of this concern are highly esteemed throughout the city and vicinity for their freshness, absolute purity and low prices, while the services of five courteous and polite assistants are in constant demand. This house is one of if not the oldest in its line in this city. Mr. Adams is a native of Sutton, N. H., but has been a resident here since 1847. Edward H. Currier, Apothecary, Elm Street, Corner Menimack. Prominent among the leading members of the pharmaceutical profession in Manchester, is Dr. Edward H. Currier, who stands in the forefront in his line in this city, sustaining a deservedly high reputation for relia- bility and skill in preparing physicians' prescrip- tions and in all branches, being a capable and experienced M. D., as well as an expert druggist. Dr. Currier, who is a native of Hopkinton, N. H., but has lived in this city since early boyhood, is a graduate of Dartmouth Medical College. He assumed control of this well and favorably known drug store in 1871, which has been in prosperous existence as such for upward of forty years. The store, which is 25x70 feet in dimensions, is hand- somely fitted up and attractively appointed, two brilliant electric lights, art-tiled flooring, and splendid show cases rendering a very fine display, and a large and carefully selected stock is al- ways carried, including besides a complete line of fresh and pure medicines, drugs and chemicals, standard proprietary remedies, druggists' sundries and pharmaceutical specialties in great variely, acids, extracts, medical liquors, spirits and alcohol ; also mineral waters and flavors, toilet articles, scented soaps, perfumery, sponges, small wares, stationery and cigars, while two efficient regis- tered pharmacist assistants are employed. Dr. Currier is a prominent member and one of the commissioners of the State Pharmaceutical Asso- ciation, and the New Hampshire Medical Society, while he also enjoys the respect and confidence of his associate members in the I. O. O. F. and Masonic Order. CITY OF MANCHESTER. New Hampshire Fire Insurance Com- pany, Manchester. The New Hampshire Fire Insurance Co., of Manchester, was incorporated under the laws of New Hampshire in 1870, and immediately entered upon a career of usefulness which has been continued until to-day with increasing prosperity ; indeed, this is the leading stock insurance of the state, and has the highest ratio of assets to liabilities. The chief executive officers are : president, J. A. Weston, ex-governor of the state, ex-Mayor of Manchester, president of the Merchants' National Bank, treasurer of the Guaranty Savings Bank, and civil engineer; Hon. S. N. Bell, ex-member of Congress; treasurer, Geo. B. Chandler, secretary of the Amoskeag National Bank and ex-member of the State Sen- ate; secretary, John C. French; assistant secre- t:iry, W. H. Berry. With the exception of the two last named, who have been in office for five years, these gentlemen have held their positions since the organization of the company. These officers are assisted by a board of directors, con- sisting of the following gentlemen, who are all residents in New Hampshire: James A. Weston, Samuel N. Bell, Moody Currier, Geo. B. Chandler, Alfred Quimby, Bush rod W. Hill, W. H. Berry, N. P. Hunt, Benj. C. Dean, N. W. Cumner, Geo. W. Riddle, John C. French, Dexter Richards, John M. Hopkins, John D. Chandler, W. D. Cadwell, Frank A. McKean, H. K. French, F. A. Faulkner, A. G. Folsom, W. D. Knapp, Frank Jones, John B. Varick and Andrew Bunton. The affairs of the company are most zealously guarded by its officers, who have made a record which has gained the confidence of all with whom they have had business relations. Conservatism rather than haste, carefulness rather than inpulsiveness. final profit rather than present volume of business, have been the leading mottoes of this company's insurance creed. Small risks are well scattered, the securities are undoubted, the directors are men of acknowledged ability and integrity, and the company, who enjoy a prosperous business, offer by policies the very best indemnity against loss or damage by fire. The financial status of the company on July 1, 1887, cash capital, $500,- 000; reserve for re-insurance, $401,940; reserve for unpaid losses and other liabilities, $74,920.94 ; net surplus, $248,754.09; total assets, $1,225, 615.- 03. Since 1870 the company has increased the capital from $100,000 to $500,000 and every honest claim has been met when due. The company is as solid as the granite hills and offers insurance at the lowest rates. It is represented by agents in all the leading cities in the east, north and west. Amory Manufacturing Company. fc The Amory Manufacturing Co.'s concern is one of the most distinguished, and its products, which have a standard value in the market, are to be found on sale in all the principal cities of the Union. Phis company was incorporated in 1879 under the laws of New Hampshire, with a capital of $900,000 in 900 shares. The premises occupied for manufacturing purposes consist of a very extensive mill, having a frontage of 580 feet and a depth of 90 feet, containing four floors and basement. The mill is admirably equipped with all the latest improved machinery and appliances. The machinery, which includes 57,000 spindles and 1,520 looms, is driven by four turbine water wheels, a Corliss engine of 450 horse power and five boilers of 700 hoise power in all. The man- ufactures of the concern consist of fine and medium sheetings, shirtings and jeans, which are unrivalled for quality and general excellence. In the production of these goods 800 operatives are employed, and the average pay roll per month is $2i ,000. Weekly 85,000 pounds of cotton are used, and yearly 10,000 tons of coal, 5,000 gallons of oil, and 100,000 pounds of starch are used. Of cloth, 250,000 yards, weighing 75,000 pounds are produced weekly. The treasurer of this pros- perous company is Mr. C. W. Amory, who is a native of Massachusetts, and whose office is located at No. 50 State street, Boston. Since July, 1887, Mr. Wm. E. Winsor has been the agent in charge. He has had twenty-seven years experience in the business, and was formerly con- nected with the Franklin Manufacturing Co., of Rhode Island; of the Rockfort Mills, Rookfort, Mass, etc. Mr. Sebastian Christophe is the pay- master. The selling agents are Messrs. John L. Bremer & Co., Boston and New York. All these gentlemen, except Mr. Christophe, hold similar positions in connection with the mills of the Langdon Manufacturing Co., of this city. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 157 Amoskeag Savings Bank, No. 867 Elm Street. This deservedly popular and excellent institution was incorporated in 1852, and its history from the start has been a record of steady progress and prosperity. A flourishing business is transacted, the same giving evidence of con- stant and substantial increase annually, and the connections of the bank are of the most desirable character. There is a guaranty fund of $190,000, the deposits amount to $3,600,000 and the assets to over $4,000,000. The bank has a fine suite of offices, and these are handsomely fitted up and have an inviting appearance. Since 1868 Mr. Moody Currier has filled the office of president. He has also been president of the Amoskeag Na- tional Bank since 1863, and is a trustee of the Peoples' Savings Bank. Since 1883 the office of treasurer has been ably filled by Mr. Henry Chandler, who is also a director of the Amoskeag National Bank. Mr. J. E. Currier has been the teller for nine years. The trustees are, Messrs. Moody Currier, L. B. Clough,H. C. Merrill, Otis Barton, Henry Chandler, George W. Kiddle, J. E. Bennett and L. French. These gentlemen are all resident in the city, widely known as men of sound judgment and excellent buisnesa ability. P. C. Cheney Company, Manufacturers of Paper and Dealers in Paper, Paper Stock and Wiping Waste; Office, Amoskeag Mills; P. C. Cheney, Treasurer. The paper industry is one of the earliest, and at the present time, one of the most prosperous of American manufactures, its history embodying many features incident to the rise and development of other industrial pur- suits. During the last forty years, through the energy and ability of our manufacturers, Ameri- can paper has driven the foreign article almost entirely away, and now occupies the post of honor. A leading representative of a promi- nent branch of this trade is the P. C. Cheney Co., of this city, whose manufactories are lo- cated as follows : Paper and Waste Mills, Man- chester, N. H. ; Uncanoonook Pulp Mills, Goffs- town Centre, N. H. ; Great Bay Pulp Mills, East Tilton, N. H. ; Cherry Valley Mills, Washington, N. H. The firm of P. C Cheney Co. originally con- sisted of P. C. Cheney, Ira Cross and E. M. Tubbs. This firm first manufactured paper at Goffstown Centre. Their establishment was burned out in 1871, and they resumed business at the Amoskeag Paper and Waste Mills, Manchester, and here were located the headquarters of the firm. The burned mill at Goffstown Centre was restored, and the manufacture of pulp was commenced at this mill. The Monaduock Pulp Mills at Peter- borough, operating under a franchise granted the Peterborough Co. in 1835, were along with the charter, purchased by P. C. Cheney & Co., in 1878, and then came into existence the P. C. Cheney Co. of to-day, with a capital of $100,000, P. C. Cheney owning almost the entire stock. The mills at Goffstown Centre and Peterborough manufactured pulp exclusively for the paper mills at Manchester, where a specialty was made of card middles and white and buff card and glazed papers in rolls for card and glazed paper manufacturers. The pulp mills at Petersborough having been recently sold, the Goffstowu Mill con- tinuing. The mills have a capacity for producing eight tons of paper per day. Two hundred hands, all told, are employed, and the pay roll amounts to about $5,000 per month. Five steam engines and seven boilers, representing in all 500 horse power, and four water wheels, constitute the driving force, and the buildings, two and three stories high, cover an area of fully two acres. The company also deal in paper and paper stock, and in wiping waste for railroads and machinists' use. The business extends to all parts of the country. The treasurer, Mr. P. C. Cheney, is too well known to need comment. He has served in the highest public offices in the city and state. He has filled the office of Mayor of the City, Gov- ernor of the State, and was United States Senator during the 2nd session of the 49th Congress. He is at the present time president of the Peoples' Savings Bank, and is a trustee of the Guaranty Trust Co. Mr. W. S. Holt is the agent, and Mr. P. C. Laselle is the clerk of the company. S. A. Felton & Son, Manufacturers of Brushes, Corner of Franklin and Auburn Streets. One of the most noted brush manufacturing concerns in the city and state is that of Messrs. S. A. Felton & Son. This business dates its be- ginning back to 1852, when it was founded by Mr. H. G. Weil son. Later the style of the con- cern was changed to Eoby Brush Works ; in 1877 to S. A. Felton & Co., and in 1884 toS. A. Fel- ton & Son. Mr. S. A. Felton was born in Marl- borough, Mass., and his son, Mr. D. D. Felton, in Minnesota, and both have resided in Manchester since 1867. Their factory is 60x70 feet in di- mensions, and it is equipped with the most modern tools and machinery, the latter being operated by steam power. The concern occupies a front rank in this line of industry, possesses the best appliances for the successful carrying on of the business, and employs a number of skilled and experienced operatives in Ihe manufacture of shoe manufacturers', cotton mills, woollen mills, loom and machinists', paint, horse, dandruff, shoe, stove, scrub and harness brushes. The business extends throughout the New England States and is yearly growing in volume, and the firm have built up an enviable reputation for the superiority of their manufactures, and their fair and equita- ble business policy. Partridge Brothers, Flour, Feed and Grain, Baled Hay and Straw, No. 1258 Elm Street.- Messrs Partridge Bros, (successors to W. A. H. Colby) dealers in flour mill-feed, oats, hay, etc., has maintained an enduring hold on public favor for thirty odd years, and fully sustains to-day its old-time reputation for reliable goods and straightforward dealing. This stable and re- liable house was founded in 1857 or thereabout, and came into the control of W. A. H. Colby in 1884, who conducted it up to 1886, when he was succeeded by the pushing and popular firm whose name heads this sketch. They occupy for busi- ness purposes a 30x100 foot frame structure, with neat office, and carry constantly on hand a heavy and first-class stock, comprising the best brands of family flour, mill-feed of all kinds, meal, bran, corn, oats, barley, rye, straw and hay, four in help being employed, while two delivery wagons are in regular service supplying customers all over the city and suburbs. Messrs. A. L. and C. S. Partridge are natives of Vermont. 158 CITY OF MANCHESTER. Blaisdell & Perkins, Groceries, Meats etc., No. 1217 Elm Street. Among the foremost concerns in Manchester may be named the well ordered and reliable establishment of Blaisdell & Perkins, dealers in fine teas, groceries, meats and provisions, fruits and country produce, and which since its inception some five years ago, has main- tained a record of steady progress. This popular and prosperous store was established about 1883, by B. F. Blaisdell, \vho admitted into partnership his son-in-law. E W. Perkins, thus constituting the pushing and popular firm whose name heads this sketch. The store and basement, which are 20x7d feet in dimensions, are neatly fitted up and well kept; also a store house 30x70 feet, corner of Myrtle and Chestnut streets, and a heavy and first-class stock is constantly carried, comprising pure teas, coffees and spices, condiments, delica- cies, canned goods, fruits and vegetables, fresh and salt meats of all kinds, prime bacon, hams and lard, choice dairy butter, cheese, provisions, flour, oatmeal, sugar, beans, rice, peas, molasses, syrups, vinegar, oils, soda, soap, starch, household specialties, and staple and fancy groceries of every variety, etc., and in connection is a meat market for the supply of fresh beef, mutton, pork, etc., which enjoys a large trade. Mr. Blaisdell is a native of Farmingtou ; established the well known Massachusetts Market in Boston, corner of Endi- cott and Cross streets, in 1847, conducting it for a period of eleven years ; removed in 1858 to Farmington and conducted a grocery and provis- ion business, there about fifteen years; removed to Wolf boro, in business there about four years, and came to Manchester and opened a grocery and provision store in 1877. In 1880 he bought out Henry Morse, successor to Morse & Bartlett, and took his son-in-law, Mr. E. W. Perkins, into partnership. Since 1884 Mr. B. has retired from the active interest, leaving it to the management of Mr. Perkins, who is a native of York, Maine, and a graduate of the New Hampton College, New Hampshire. He taught school in York and Kit- tery, Me., about four years, then removing to Manchester and entering into partnership with Mr. B. and has, by able management, increased the business to its present prosperous condition. Three competent and polite assistants attend to the wants of purchasers, while two delivery wagons are in steady service. Langdon Manufacturing Company, Fine Shirtings and Sheetings, Canal Street. The extensive and flourishing concern, whose name is made the caption of this review, repre- sents one of the greatest industries of Manchester, and, indeed, one of the most extensive of the Uni- ted States. The Langdon Manufacturing Co. was incorporated in 1859, with a capital of $200,000, and this has since been increased to $500,000, in 500 shares. Two mills are operated. One of these is a five-story building, 72x220 feet in di- mensions, and the other a four-story building, measuring 67x284 feet. In. addition to these there are about a dozen smaller buildings used for various purposes in connection with the busi- ness. The machinery includes 37,504 spindles and 820 looms, and the driving power is fur- nished by a 250 horse power Corliss steam en- gine, three 100 horse poVer steam boilers and two water wheels. Permanent employment is afforded to 380 females and 120 males, and 120,- 000 yards of cloth, weighing 37,000 pounds, are produced weekly, in the manufacture of whiih 42,000 pounds of cotton week, and 1,200 tons of coal, 3,000 gallons of oil, and 79,000 pounds of starch are consumt d yearly. The pay roll amounts to about $12.000 monthly. The president is Mr. John L. Bremer, of Boston, and the treasurer is Mr. C. W. Amory. He is also the treasurer of the Amory Manufacturing Co., of this city, and his office is at No. 50 State street, Boston. The agent at the mills is Mr. William E. Winsor, who is a native of Rhode Island, and he is also the agent of the Amory Manufacturing Co. He has held his present position since July, 1887, and for 27 years was connected with the Franklin Manufacturing Co., the Hock fort Mills and other cotton concerns in Massachusetts. Since 1866 Mr. Walter S. Kelley, who is a native of Rhode Island, has been the pay master. The company manufacture principally fine shirtings and sheet- ings, which are unexcelled by anything in the market, foreign or domestic, and have a standard reputation in the trade. The selling agents are Messrs. John L. Bremer & Co., Boston and New York. J. A. V. Smith, Manufacturer of Smith's Patent Steel Speeder Flier, with Centrifugal or Spring Pressure, Corner of Brook and Canal Streets. In examining into the industries which ' centre in Manchester, we are impressed with the necessity of taking cognizance of many enter- prises contingent upon leading the manufactures that are the foundation of the city's prosperity and growth. Prominent in this direction the concern of Mr. J. A. V. Smith is entitled to more than passing mention. This enterprise was founded in 1868, and has been at its present location, on the corner of Canal aud Brook streets, for the past year by the present proprie- tor, who has established a reputation and a trade unexcelled by those of any other manufacturer in his line in the city or in the New England stntes. He is the patentee and manufacturer of Smith's Patent Steel Speeder Flier, with Centrifugal or Spring Pressure, as sole proprietor and manufac- turer of improvements, patented April 20, 1866, Oct. 18, 1886, Jan. 11, and Jan. 18, 1887; he is able to offer tp manufacturers a flier which has no equal. Fly frames aud speeder fliers are repaired, and pre c sers and springs furnished to order promptly and satisfactorily. A specialty is made of all kinds of flier work. The premises occupied consist of one floor 60x120 fret in dimensions, and this is amply furnished with first-class mod- ern tools and machinery, which is operated by steam power. Constant employment is fnrni.shcd to thirty to forty skilled and experienced hands, whose operations are conducted under the close personal supervision of Mr. Smith, who is an ex- pert in the business, and who has been connected with the trade since 1848. He controls a large business and his trade relations extend to all parts of the Union. His establishment is finely fitted up, and is provided with electric lights, etc. Prompt attention is given to all communications, and the business is conducted upon the strict lines of integrity and liberality. Mr. Smith was born 64 years ago in New Boston, N. H., and per- sonally is very popular in business circles. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 159 Peoples' Fire Insurance Company, of Manchester, No. 839 Elm Street (Merchants Ex- change). A company which has quickly taken a leading position among the principal insurance corporations of the country is the Peoples' Fire Insurance Co., of Manchester. The company was chartered in August, 1885. and the following dis- interested declaration is sufficienntly explanatory of the financial status of the corporation and of the progress made in sixteen months : " Insurance Commissioner's Office, Concord, N. H., Jan. 12, 1887. To whom this may concern, it may certify, That I have personally verified the Annual State- ment of the Peoples' Fire Insurance Co., of Man- chester, this state, rendered Dec. 31st, 1886, at the home office, examining and comparing the securities, assets and liabilities as set forth in said statement, item by item, with the records of the company, and find as follows: total amount of assets, $405,860.38; total amount of liabilities, except capital, $136,521.97; capital stock paid up in cash, $250,000.00 ; surplus above capital and all liabilities, $19,338.41. And I further certify that said company has fully complied with the laws of this state, and that statute provision is made in this state for the admission of similar companies of other states into this state. Oliver Pillsbury, Insurance Commissioner of New Hamp- shire." The company is doing a brisk and satis- factory business throughout the New England States, the north-west, west as far as California and south to Kentucky and Maryland, and agen- cies are established in all the principal cities. The company have a fine suite of offices and five clerks are employed, and insurance is written upon dwellings, furniture, barns, farm property, stores, factories, etc., at the lowest rates, not only against fire, but against damage by lightning. Policies are issued at low rates and all claims are promptly and honorably met. The officers are well-known business men, in whose hands the company's affairs are certain to be prudently managed. The president is Dr. Joseph C. Moore, physician, editor of the Manchester Union, direc- tor ot the Union Banking Co., and director of the Union Mortgage & Trust Co. The vice-president is Mr. G. W. Week, a prominent and well-known citizen. The treasurer is Mr. C. F. Morrill, who is cashier of the First National Bank, a director of the Union Banking Co. and a director of the Union Mortgage & Trust Co. The secretary is Mr. S. B. Stearns, who is also a director of the Union Banking Co. The executive committee consists of Messrs. Joseph C. Moore, Geo. W. Weeks, Noah S. Clark, W. M. Parker and David Cross. Granite State Trust Company, Elm Street. This company was incorporated under the laws of New Hampshire in the present year, and as it is under the direction of able and ex- perienced financiers of high reputation its success is a foregone conclusion. The company has a capital of $50,000. and the president is Hon. James F. Briggs, who is also president of the National Bank of Hillsborough, N. H. The vice- president is Mr. Edward S. 1'aiue, who was con- nected with the Manchester National Bank for the past twenty years, having succeeded the late Col. Chas. E. Baleh as cashier, and now president of the Cass Co. Bank, Castleton, Dakota. The treasurer is Mr. Alonzo Elliott, who has had sev- eral years experience in trust companies' affairs. He has been agent of the Concord Railroad for eighteen years past, and among other institutions he is connected as director with the Peoples' Insurance Co., New Hampshire Trust Co., Guar- antee Savings Bank, Peoples' Gas Light Co. and Manchester Electric Light Co., and the secretary is Mr. P. S. Soper. The directors are, Messrs. George A. Laton, Oliver B. Green, Allen N. Clapp, Geo. E. Morrill, Geo. S. Holmes, Hiram Hill, W. H. Scott, James F. Briggs, Horace Mar- shall, Edward H. Paine, Ex-Mayor Alphus Gay and Alonzo Elliott. The company occupy on Elm street a fine suite of offices, admirably fitted up for the business. Thecompany isauthorized to receive and hold money and property in trust and on deposit from courts of law or equity, executors or admin- istrators, assignees, guardians, trustees, corpora- tions and individuals, and may be appointed by probate courts trustee under any will upon such terms and conditions as may be agreed upon. Deposits may be made at any time and interest is allowed. The company is entitled to act as agent or attorney for the care and management of in- vested property and for the collection of dividends and interests. The company offers the best of security to its patrons, and its affairs are in the hands of prudent and conservative citizens and financiers. Pike & Heald, Manufacturers of and Deal- ers in Stoves, Furnaces and Ranges, 972 Elm Street. One of the oldest and most reliable estab- lishments in Manchester is the popular concern of Pike & Heald, manufacturers of and dealers in stoves, fuinaces, ranges, tinware, etc., which for upwards of forty years has maintained a firm hold on public favor, and which fully sustains to-day its old-time reputation. This well and favorably known house was originally established by Messrs. Hartshorn & Tufts, about the year 1843, and after passing through several changes in the firm, came into the control of Messrs. Hartshorn & Pike, in 1858, who conducted the business up to 1870, when they were succeeded by Messrs. Pike & Heald, the present firm, who have since that time continued the business. The premises occu- pied for business purposes comprise a 25x80 foot store and basement, and an extensive and Al stock is constantly carried, including stoves, ranges, heaters and furnaces of all kinds, tin and sheet-iron ware of every description, kitchen utensils and housekeeping articles ; the firm be- ing agents also for Hie Magee & Crawford coal ranges, the Franconia wood range, and the Flor- ence, Diamond and Golden Star oil stoves. Steam and gas fitting, plumbing and water piping like- wise are executed in the most superior and expe- ditious manner, while tin roofing, to which they are prepared to give prompt attention ; also special attention is given to orders for galvanized and copper cornices, general jobbing, sheet-iron, copper and kindred work also are done; from twenty to thirty expert hands being employed. Messrs. Pike and Heald are paying special attention to steam. gasand water piping,also plumbing. Messrs. R. H. Pike .and C. N. Heald, who are natives of this state, are both men of energy and enterprise, as well as skill, and fully merit the extensive pat- ronage they receive. IfiO CITY OF MANCHESTER. S. C. Forsaith Machine Company, Manufacturers or' Circular Saw Mills, Saw Mill Machinery of all Kinds, Bolt Forging Machines, Power Spring Hammers, Hand Fire Engines, etc., South of Passenger Station. The works of the S. C. Forsaith Machine Co., of this city, have grown from a very small beginning to be the largest of their kind in the state of New Hamp- shire. In 1860 the business was started under the style of S. C. Forsaith & Co. .by the late Mr. Forsaith, who had, in the course of his business career different partners until, in 1884, the busi- ness passed into the hands of the present S. C. Forsaith Machine Co. which was incorporated under the laws of New Hampshire, with a paid up capital of $275,000. Until his death, in 1885, Mr. Forsaith was the treasurer of the company, and he was succeeded by Mr. David B. Varney, who is a director of the Amoskeag National Bank. The president is Mr. George B. Chandler, who is also a director of the New Hampshire Fire Insur- ance Co., treasurer of the People's Savings Bank since 1874, and cashier of the Amoskeag National Savings Bank since 1863. Mr. William E. Drew is the agent of the company, has the entire man- agement of the works, and is a prominent citizen. He learned his trade as a practical machinist in the works and is thoroughly versed in all the de- tails of the business, with which he has been iden- tified since boyhood. The company have a fine suite of offices, which are connected by the West- ern Union telegraph and telephone wires. The company manufacture circular saw mills, with patent lever sets, lath and shingle machines, saw mill and wood-working machinery, all kinds ; shafting, boxes, hangers, pulleys, couplings, flanges, gearing, bolts, etc., Abbe's Patent Bolt Forging Machines, power spring hammers and hand fire engines ; portage engines and circular saws are specialties of the company. The com- pany have circular saws from four to sixty inches, and leather belting of every description constantly on hand. They also carry in stock a large num- ber of second-hand steam engines of various sizes. The works cover about three acres, and they con- sist of eight buildings. These include machine shop, planing mill and box factory, boiler and engine houses, etc. The mechanical equipments throughout are of the most complete and ample character. The box factory turns out some three hundred boxes daily, and these are supplied to mills and shoe factories. From seventy-five to one hundred hands are employed, and the works, which are located south of the passenger station, are kept constantly busy. J. H. Wigfgin &Co., Wholesale Grocers and Receivers of Flour, Proprietors of the Man- chester Tea Company and Manufacturers of Con- fections, Nos. 923 and 925 Elm Street. This re- liable and representative house was founded in 1874, and it has had an honorable and successful career. The premises occupied consist of the first floor and basement 25x100 feet in dimensions, and an L measuring 20x70 feet. These are fully equipped with every appliance and facility for the handling and preservation of the choice and valu- able stock. Here will be found an unusually large and first-class assortment of foreign and domestic fancy and staple groceries, including French, German and English delicacies, such as prepared mustards, sauces, relishes, salad dress- ings and condiments of all kinds, potted meats, etc., as well as goods of American growth and preparation, canned meats, syrups, vegetables, fruits, choice family and bakers' flour, farinaceous articles, and everything usually found in a first- class establishment. The great specialties of this responsible house, however, are the best brands of teas and coffees, which are highly appreciated for their superior qualities. In fact, the goods of this reliable establishment are renowned for their quality, purity and freshness and moderate prices. The firm are the largest retailers of standard groceries and fancy table supplies in New Hamp- shire, and are manufacturers of rich and rare con- lections. They do more business than any other three houses in the city and their sales average $250,000 a year. The firm have also a flourishing establishment at Laconia, N. H., and the trade is both wholesale and retail in its character. From twenty to twenty-five hands and five delivery wagons are employed, and the trade extends throughout the New England States. Mr. J. H. Wiggin, who is a native of New Hampshire, is the sole proprietor. T. L,. Thorpe, Wool, Wool Waste and Paper Stock, No. 21 Depot Street. This establishment was founded twenty years ago by the present pro- prietor, and he has enjoyed an extensive, steady patronage of first-class character. The spacious premises occupied consist of a building 30x50 feet in dimensions, having three floors and base- ment, the entire place being excellently equipped and provided with the best modern conveniences peculiar to the business. The large stock con- stantly carried is complete in all the various departments, and comprises wool, wool waste, wrapping and paper stock of all kinds. Every facility is possessed for the fulfillment of orders of any magnitude, and the lowest prices are always quoted. Mr. Thorpe is a native of New York, has resided in this city for many years, and is a member of the Board of Aldermen. Fred Watts, Gold and Silver Watches, Jewelry, etc., No. 1101 Elm Street. Mr. Watts embarked in this business three years ago. and the results experienced have met with his most sanguine expectations. He occupies a large, commodious store, which is very handsomely fitted up, attractively arranged, and complete in its appointments. A very valuable and carefully selected stock is carried, embracing a choice as- sortment of gold and silver watches for ladies and gentlemen, jewelry of all kinds, comprising brace- lets, bangles, earrings, brooches, diamonds and other precious stones set in the latest designs, plain and fancy rings, watch chains and charms, French, Swiss and American clocks, solid silver and plated ware, optical goods, etc. A specialty is made of fine American watches, the leading makes being offered at the most reasonable prices. Two expert assistants are employed in the me- chanical department, and particular attention is devoted to the repairing of watches, clocks and jewelry, all work being executed thoroughly, and under a guarantee. Mr. Watts, though a native of England, has resided in Manchester since his r%ildhood. He is a member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows' Orders. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 161 Allen N. Clapp, Wholesale Dealer in Stand- ard Refined Kerosene Oil, Nos. 354 Granite and 6 to 22 Main Streets. This concern was founded nearly one-half century ago by Mr. Ira Ban. About the year 1856 Mr. Allen N. Clapp, who is a native of Marlborough, N. H.,carae to Manchester, being then nineteen years of age, and entered the em- ploy of Mr. Ban as clerk, with whom he remained in that position until 1860, when being admitted into partnership the firm name was changed to Bun & Clapp, and was continued under that title until 1881. Mr. Clapp then purchased Mr. Ban's interest and has since conducted the busi- ness as sole proprietor with large success. Mr. Clapp carries on his business in the large and at- tractive brick block located at the junction of Granite and Main streets, which was completed in January, 1871, and is now owned by him of which he occupies the stores No. 354 Granite and from No. 6 to 22 Main Street, having a frontage of 150 feet and a depth of 75 feet. The stock carried is both large and varied, having wholesale and retail departments, embracing a general line of goods for all necessary requirements of its patrons and the community at large, comprising provisions of all kinds, staple and fancy groceries, best brands of flour, a large assortment of canned goods, salt fish, tobaccos and cigars, an excellent stock of staple dry goods, hardware and all modern improved agricultural implements. A large city and surrounding country trade is enjoyed. Mr. Clapp employs a large force of clerks and assistants, together with several wagons and trucks for the receipt and delivery of goods. In addition to the above line Mr. Clapp is the sole agent in the state of New Hampshire for the Standard Oil Co.. of Cleveland, Ohio, and his sales are extensive, receiving his supply direct from the company's yards at Nashua, where it is brought in large tanks by railroad. Mr. Clapp is able to supply the oil in any quantity desired at lowest market prices with promptness and dis- patch. From a small beginning this branch of his business has increased in volume until he is now delivering upon orders about one hundred barrels of oil per day and is extending his trade into Northern N. H. and the state of Vermont. In all respects Mr. Clapp is to be commended for his spirited business policy and fair and equitable dealing with those who have business connections with him. Mr. Clapp is one of the best-known men in the city of Manchester, and his fellow citizens have testified their confidence in him by electing him to represent them in the State Legis- lature and as a member of the board of Alder- men of Manchester. He is a live and energetic business man, always at the post of duty and ready to assist in the promotion of the interests and welfare of this thriving business city of Manchester. Z. Foster Campbell, Druggist and Chem- ist, Corner of Elm and Aniherst Streets. Z. Foster Campbell, druggist and chemist for upwards of of twenty-five years, has sustained an excellent reputation for accuracy and reliability in com- pounding and dispensing prescriptions and in the general exercise of his profession, of which he is one of the leading and most popular members in Man- chester, and enjoys the favor of many of the fore- most physicians in town. Mr. Campbell, whois a gentleman of middle age and a native of this state, is a registered druggist and a skilful and expert pharmacist and chemist of thirty odd years experience, established himself in business at the present location in 1882, building up in a short time a large and flourishing trade. The store is 2Cx70 feet in dimensions and neatly fitted up and appointed, and a carefully selected and Al stock is constantly carried, embracing pure and fresh drugs and medicines of every description, chemicals, extracts, acids and pharmaceutical specialties in great variety, standard proprietary remedies and patent medicines of all kinds, spirits, alcohol and medicinal liquors, mineral waters, flavors, perfumery, toilet articles and druggists' sundries ; also fancy goods, small wares, stationery, candies and cigars. A handsome soda fountain, attractive show cases and tasteful surroundings render the place very inviting, while three capable and reliable assistants are in attendance. The Peoples' Saving's Bank, No. 867 Elm Street. The Peoples' Savings Bank is one of the strongest, most useful and prosperous insti- tutions in Manchester. The bank was incorpor- ated in 1874, and by the energy and faithfulness to the interests of the depositors, and the sound and judicious principles governing its manage- ment has achieved wide popularity. It is plainly a savings bank, free from the varied and com- plex transactions appertaining to the character of other financial concerns. Deposits are received in sums from $1.00 to $1,000, and a liberal rate of interest is guaranteed and paid yearly. There is a guaranty fund of $100,000, and theamounfcof deposits received up to date is $750,000. Ex- Gov. P. C. Cheney, who is a native of New Hamp- shire, has held the office of president from the beginning. Mr. G. B. Chandler has been the treasurer from the start and he is also cashier of the Amoskeag National Bank, and a native of New Hampshire. Since 1875 Mr. E. M. Brooks has held the office of teller. The board of direc- tors consists of Messrs. P. C. Cheney, A. W. Quint, Edson Hill, Moody Currier, Charles H. Bartlett, E. M. Topliff, H. M, Putney, G. B. Chandler, A. P. Olzemau and Geo. W. Riddle. The bank chambers are handsomely fitted *up, and a staff of competent clerks are in attendance. A. E. Eaton & Co., Wholesale Manufac- turers of Chestnut and Pine Dining Tables, Forsaith Building, Corner of Franklin and Auburn Streets. The house of Messrs. A. E. Eaton & Co. is entirely devoted to the manufac- ture of chestnut and vine dining tables, in the production of which it has no superior in the trade. This establishment was founded in 1882, since which time a very extensive trade has been developed. The premises occupied comprise one floor in Forsaith's building, on the corner of Franklin and Auburn streets, and this is 50x70 feet in dimensions, thoroughly equipped with all necessary tools and machinery, which is opeiated by steam power. Five hands are employed and a very extensive stock of tables is kept constantly on hand. Sales are made only to dealers, and the trade extends throughout the New England States. Mr. A. E. Eaton is a young, energetic business man, and a native of Vermont. He has resided in Manchester since 1874. 162 CITY OF MANCHESTER. Bryant & Stratton Business College, Corner of Elm and Manchester Streets, Wm. Heron, Jr., Principal and Proprietor. "If a father wishes to give his son a legacy," said Horace Mann, "that will endurewhile life exists, let him send him to an institution where he can obtain a general business education." and the business colleges now scattered over the country are accomplishing more real practical work than any of the great universities. Manchester has its efficient Bryant & Stratton Business College, and 'this is under the personal direction of Mr. Wm. Heron, Jr., principal and proprietor. This institution, now in its twenty-third year, was established to prepare young people for business. Since its foundation more than 4,500 students have attended, and many can trace their success in life to the thorough training here received. The college was founded by Bryant & Stratton in 1865, and in 1879 Mr. William Heron, Jr., who is a graduate of the Troy Business College, and a teacher of ten years experience, became the pro- prietor. The premises occupied comprise one floor 50x80 feet in dimensions, and this is finely fitted up. Day and evening sessions are held, and there is accommodation for one hundred pupils. The subjects taught are bookkeeping, business arithmetic, penmanship, business forms, correspondence, commercial lavr, etc., and the whole are capped by actual business practice. Competent teachers are employed, and diplomas are granted to proficient pupils. Students who have successfully passed through a course of train- ing in this college have found no difficulty in securing profitable situations. James Brothers, Livery, Hack and Boara ing Stable, No. 44 Manchester Street. The livery stable conducted by the Messrs. James Bros, has a reputation of the highest character. The busi- ness was originally founded by Mr. Stephen James, on Amherst street, in 1839. and in 1844 removed to the present location and took S. D. Sherburn as partner, when the firm became known as James & Sherburn, which was after- wards changed to James & Coffin ; then Coffin & Johnsen, and in 1855 to S. James & Son, and in 3870 to James Bros., the present firm. Their father, the founder of the industry, died in 1871, his demise being generally regretted by a lar^e circle of friends. The stable, which consists of a three-story building 60x100 feet in dimensions, is well lighted, drained and ventilated, and every care and attention is given to the welfare and comfort of horses entrusted to the proprie- tors, by efficient and experienced stallmen. In the livery department they keep constantly on hand an excellent stock of horses, and also have a complete line of carriages, barouches, hacks and light wagons ready at short notice for all oc- casions, and orders may be left at the Hotel Windsor or at the stable, while the charges are always reasonable. A hack service is run to and from all trains for the benefit of the public, trans- fers being made at popular prices. The firm em- ploy only sober, reliable drivers, and give the best of attention to their customers' wants. The Messrs. James, who are natives of this state have lived in Manchester since 1839, and are thoroughly interested in the city's welfare and futmre prosperity. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AXD Eagre r & Bandy Wholesale and RetailGrocers, No. "it Elm Street. Some thirty odd years of uninterrupted prosperity marks the history of the well and favorably known concern of Eager & Kand, wholesale and retail dealers in staple and fancy groceries, flour and provisions. The house was founded in !<>-< by J. (). A. Eager, in connec- tion with the late J. Rowley, who conducted it alone up to 1375, when he took into partnership Mark Kand. thus forming the pushing and prosperous firm wliose name heads this sketch. The busi- ness premises, which are spacious and commo- dious, are admirably kept in ever} 7 respect, and an exceedingly fine stock is constantly carried, comprising pure teas, coffees and spicesof all kinds, delicacies, condiments and canned goods of every description, choice dairy butter, cheese and lard, prime smoked meats and provisions, best brands of family flour, oatmeal, corumeal and cereal food products in great variety, sugars, syrups, molasses, smoked and salt fish, soda, soap, starch, house- hold specialties, shelf goods and general staple and fancy groceries. Some half a dozen or so effi- cient and polite assistants are employed, while two delivery wagons are in steady service supply- ing customers all over the city and suburbs. and al- together the trade of the firm, which is of both a wholesale and retail nature, is large. Messrs. Eager & Kand. who are respectively natives of Laconia and Warner, this state, stand high in the community alike as merchants and citizens, Mr. Eager being one of the trustees of the Merri- mak River Savings Bank. F. Li. Gray, Funeral Furnishings of All Kinds, No. 1088 Elm Street. This admirably conducted and well equipped establishment was originally opened about 1878 by Melindy and H. J. Poore, who were succeeded in 1884 by the firm of Poore & Gray, who carried on the business up to 1885, when Mr. Gray retired and subsequently, in February, 1887, became sole proprietor. The warerooms occupy a 20x75 foot floor and are neatly fitted up and well ordered in every respect, while a complete and very superior assortment of coffins and caskets of every size, style and variety is constantly carried on hand ; also grave clothes of all kinds, shrouds, trimmings and everything comprehended in funeral requisites. Remains are prepared for burial, funerals directed and interments procured in any of the city or suburban cemeteries in the most superior and satisfactory manner at reasonable rates, while a full and fine line of funeral furnishings of every description can always be found here at the low- est prices consistent with first-class articles and honorable dealing, and altogether a large and flourishing business is carried on. Mr. Gray is a native of Hancock, N. II.. and was formerly en- gaged in the soda and mineral water business, and has served two years in the city council and was a member of the State Legislature during the sessions of 1887 and 1888. Mr. Gray also bears a very creditable war record, sharing the fortunes of the 6th N. H. Vols. from 1861 to 1864, attached to the 9th Army Corps under Gen. Burn- side, and was severely wounded at the battle of Spottsylvania. He is a popular and esteemed member of the G. A. R. Louis Bell Post Xo. 3. and is likewise a member of the I. O. O. F., K. of H. and Royal Arcanum. Lewis K. Mead, Druggist, No. 87!) Elm Street. Mr. Mead was boiu in Bartlett, N. H.. but has been a resident ot Manchester for many years. He established himself in business at this corner in 1875, the premises having been used as a drug store for over a quarter of a century, but w;is lu-ver so successfully conducted as since the present proprietor assumed its control. The ele- gant arraiigenien t of the store isobserved by all who enter it, being handsomely fitted up with marble counters, French plate glass show windows and cases, tiled floor, and the surroundings are in harmonious keeping with all these accessories. The stock embraces a large and carefully selected assortment of fresh and pure drugs and chemicals, fully up to the highest standard demanded by the United States Pharmcopceia, proprietary medi- cines and remedies of well-known merit and estab- lished reputation, toilet and fancy articles, per- fumery, druggists' sundries, natural mineral waters from Europe and at home, physicians' and surgeons' requisites, and in fact everything usually found in a first-class pharmacy can be obtained at this house. The high character of the manage- ment of this establishment render mistakes in the compounding of physicians' prescriptions and family recipes absolutely impossible, as all" mod- ern appliances to secure accuracy have been pro- vided, and no one more fully appreciates the re- sponsibility in performing those duties than Mr. Mead. He employs none but the most reliable and competent assistants, and prescriptions are prepared at all hours of the day and night. He is greatly respected and was chosen to represent his fellow citizens in the legislative halls in 1886, which he did with great credit to himself and satisfaction of his constituents. Mr. Mead is a member of the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, Red Men, and a Free and Accepted Mason. As a business man and citizen, Mr. Mead occupies a prominent position in the metropolis of the state. C. P. Trickey, Pianos and Organs, etc., No. 1085 Elm Street. Undoubtedly one of the best appointed and most attractive music establish- ments in this section is that of Mr. C. P. Triekey. The enterprise was founded in 1879 at the present address, and under the energetic management of Mr. Trickey its success became assured from the outset. The store occupied has an area of 20x70 feet, is fitted up in the most tasteful, approved style. The stock embraces the finest pianos and organs, sheet music, music books. and musical mer- chandise of all kinds, also books.stationery and pic- ture frame moulding. Mr. Trickey is agent for the celebrated pianos made by Win. Bourne, of Boston. and always keeps a full supply on hand of these line instruments. Receiving his pianos and organs direct from the manufactories, and buying ex- clusively for cash, giving purchasers the benefits, Mr. Trickey is prepared to sell them at the very lowest prices for cash, and makes a specialty of delivering an instrument upon easy methods of payment, by the week or month. Two assistants find employment in the salesroom, and an excel- lent business is constantly enjoyed. Particular attention is devoted to the making of picture frames, any desired style being furnished to order at short notice. Mr. Trickey is a native of this state. CITY OF MANCHESTER. The Manchester Beef Company, Re- ceivers ami Commission Merchants in Swift's Chicago Dressed Beef, Mutton, Lamb, Veal and Hogs. Within a comparatively brief period Messrs. G. F. & E. C. Swift have built up a trade and a name for themselves that extend not only from shore to shore of the American continent but to the nations of Europe; and to-day they take the lead of all other concerns engaged in handling dressed beef. This firm slaughter cat- tle in Chicago and ship the dressed beef in re- frigerator cars to all the principal cities, notably in the east, where it arrives as sweet and fresh as on the day it was killed, with no perceptible loss in weight, and can, therefore, be sold at a less price to the consumer than when sent on the hoof. The firm began business in 1876 in Chi- cago, and in 1877 they established a branch in Manchester, which has been conducted under the style of the Manchester Beef Co. For the past three years the business here has been under the able and popular management of Mr. H. W. Heath, who is a native of Groton, Vermont, and has had great practical experience in the whole- sale meat trade. The premises now occupied were erected specially for the business in the present year, and they consist of a substantial building, containing four floors and basement containing 30,000 square feet of floorage area. They are fitted up with all necessary conveniences and appliances, and are models of neatness and cleanliness, including four refrigerators, each 20x40 feet in dimensions, and these have a total capacity for storing two hundred and forty head of cattle and two hundred and fifty tons of'ice. I\ is the largest establishment of its kind in the state, and dealers can always rely upon securing here the freshest and choicest beef, mutton, lamb, veal and hogs at bed rock prices. There has recently been added a department fitted up in the most complete manner for the exclusive sale of pork products, such as hams, shoulder, ribs, sausages, lard, etc., under the management of Mr. Jno. W. Pope, who is a native of Danbury, Ct., and has devoted some twenty or more years in this line. A. C. Wallace, Manufacturer of and Dealer in Building Lumber, Boards, Clapboards. Shin- gles, Packing Boxes, etc.; also WickoflPs Patent Water Pipes and Tubings, Piscataquog Mills, Main Street. Prominent among the houses en- gaged in the lumber trade is that of Mr. A. C. Wallace. The business now controlled by him was founded by him as far back as 1853, and to-day it is the oldest as well as the largest con- cern in its line in Manchester. The premises occupied are located on Main street, and consist of a yard about an acre in extent and a steam planing mill 50x200 feet in dimensions. Mr. Wallace carries on hand an immense stock of building lumber of all kinds, boards, clapboards, shingles, laths, fence pickets, trunk wood, pack- ing boxes, etc. The planing mill is equipped with the latest improved wood-working machin- ery, which is operated by a steam engine of 60 horse power, and about thirty hands are em- ployed in the business. Some 600,000 feet of lumber are consumed annually in the manufac- ture of timber and boards and about 1,000,000 feet in the manufacture of packing boxes, which form a leading feature of the business. Mr. Wai. lace also carries a very extensive stock of Wick- offs Patent Water Pi^es and Tubing?. The trade of the concern extends to all parts of the New England States, and Mr. Wallace is one of the best-known business men and prominent citizens of Manchester. He is a native of New Hamp- shire, and sixty-seven years of age. He has served the interests of his fellow eilizens in the office of assessor and other public positions, as water commissioner since organization of board, member of Board of Engineers about ton years and a member of Fire Department thirty years. For four terms he was a member of the State Legislature, and for two terms was a member of the Board of Aldermen. E. T. James, Hack, Livery and Boarding Stable, No. 145 Hanover Street. The livery and boarding stable of Mr. E. T. James has been in continuous and successful operation since 1861, when it was founded by Messrs. Hill & James. In 1869 the firm became Fogg & James, and in 1880 Mr. James assumed entire control, and has developed a very flourishing business. The sta- ble is a two-story frame building, with a frontage of 50 feet on Hanover street. In the rear it widens out to 100 feet and runs to a depth of 100 feet. It is splendidly lighted, thoroughly ventilated and drained, and is fitted up in the most thorough and modern manner with every requisite convenience. The boarding branch of* the enterprise is under careful and experienced supervision. There are ample accommodations for thirty-five horses and an equal number of car- riages, and the rates are placed at a most moder- ate figure. Hacks, carriages, coupes, buggies, etc., are at the disposal of the public for all occa- sions, such as funerals, balls, entertainments, weddings, the theatre, shopping, etc. From ten to twelve hands are employed. Born in Deer- field, N. H., Mr. James has resided in Manches- ter for thirty years. He is an ex-water com- missioner. J". B.- Jones, Auctioneer and Commission Merchant, No. 983 Elm Street. This admirably conducted and flourishing concern was established in 1865, and from its inception to the present day Mr. Jones, who has been at the head of the busi- ness from the start, has grown in public favor and confidence well deserved, until now his patronage is at once large and permanent. He occupies a well-kept 25x100 foot store, three stories and basement, and carries constantly on hand an ex- tensive and excellent stock, including new and second-hand furniture of every description, stoves, ranges, tinware, cutlery, crockery, glassware, kitchen utensils, refrigerators and house furnish- ing goods of all kinds, while several capable and efficient assistants are in attendance. Mr. Jones attends to auction sales in any part of the state, second-hand furniture and household specialties being bought and sold, and altogether a very tine business is carried on. Mr. Jones, who is a na- tive of Romway, N. H., but has been a resident of this city since 1850, has been sheriff of the county during 1875 and 1876, and refers by permis- sion to ex-Gov. Frederick Smyth, Hon. ex-Gov. O. A. Weston, Hon. G. W. Morrison, Hon. B. P. Cilley and Hon. John Hosley. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 165 Pettee & Adams, Dealers in Flour, Grain, Shorts, Lime, Cement, etc., No. 754 Elm Street. This firm are millers and dealers in flour, grain, shorts, lime, cement, etc., and in their grist mill they have in use all the latest improved mechan- ical appliances for securing the best results at low cost. The concern is an old established one. It had its origin in 1845, when it was founded by Messrs. .T. Abbott & Co. In 1861 the firm was changed to H & H. E. Pettee, Messrs. Horace and Holmes R. Pettee forming the partnership, and in 1876 the firm was reorganized, the partners being H. R. Pettee and J. W. Whittle. In 1882 Mr. Whittle retired, and he was succeeded as Mr. Pettee's partner by Mr. H. P. Adams. Mr. Pettee was born at Francestown, N. H., and came to reside in Manchester in 1856. He is a promi- nent business man, citizen and politician. He has served his fellow citizens in the city council, in the school board and in the Legislature. Mr. Adams was born in New Boston, N. H., and from 1861 to 1863 he was a member of the 13th Mass- achusetts Volunteers, connected with the Army of the Potomac, and served under Generals Grant, Hooker, Banks and Polk. The firm's grist mill is located on Main strpet, on the West Side. This is a frame building 50x70 feet in dimensions, and was built thirty-five years ago. though the present proprietors. have owned it only five years. It contains three sets of rollers and one cracker, which are operated by a steam engine of 35 horse power and boiler of 70 horse power. Five hands are employed and the grinding capacity of the mill is from 500 to 600 bushels per day. The firm's store is at No. 754 Elm street, and consists of salesroom and basement, each 25x100 feet in dimensions, and here a very heavy stock of flour, grain, shorts, lime, cement, hay and straw, salt of all kinds, etc., is carried, and a large wholesale and retail trade is done, five hands and two delivery wagons being employed in the conduct of the business. Horace Marshall, Wholesale Merchant and Commission Dealer in Produce, No. V20 Elm Street. One oM the oldest and most stable and reliable produce commission houses in this city is the well and favorably known house of Horace Marshall, successor to Marshall Bros., wholesale merchant and commission dealer in country pro- duce, which is by common consent among the leading, largest and best equipped establishments of the kind hereabout. The house was founded in 1869 by Marshall Bros., who conducted it up to 1880, when the business passed into the sole con- trol of the present proprietor. Handling a very superior class of goods, upright and honorable in his dealings, he has been enabled to bnild up the lanre and flourishing patronage he now deservedly enjoys. He occupies for business pur- poses a 25x80 foot store and basement, and carries constantly on hand a heavy and first-class stock, comprising butter, cheese, eggs, lard, beans, peas, potatoes, onions, apples and country produce generally, several in help being employed, while two delivery wagons are in steady service also supplying customers all over the city and environs, and the trade, which is principally wholesalers very extensive. Mr. Marshall, who is a native of Windham, N. H. , is an old and respected resident of Manchester. Henry C. Ranno, Manufacturer of and Dealer in Harnesses, Horse Clothing, Trunks, Bags, etc., No. 24 South Main Street. Special mention should here be made of Henry C Ranno, manufacturer of and dealer in fine harnesses, horse clothing, trunks, traveling bags, and kind- red articles, who is by common consent one of the leading exponents of the art in Manchester, the goods leaving this popular and well-known concern being first-class in every feature of merit, in design, workmanship, material and finish. Mr. Rauuo, who is a gentleman of middle age and a native of this state, is a practical and expert workman himself, with many years experience in the exercise of his art. He started in business on his own account in this city in 1874, moving to his present commodious quarters about oneyear later. He occupies a neat 25x75 foot etore, with well- equipped shop attached, and carries constantly on hand an extensive and Al assortment of light and heavy harnesses, collars, horse blankets, whips, nets, combs, brushes, sponges, chamois, harness oils, trunks, valises, etc., while four skilled hands are employed, fine custom work and repairing also being done in the most superior and satisfactory mancer. Mr. Ranno making a specialty of cus- tom work. Park H. Kelley, Druggist, Corner of Elm and Pearl Streets. An exceptionally fine and well-ordered drug establishment is that of Mr. Park H. Kelley. This favorite pharmacy was first opened to the public in 1879 by Messrs. Jas. S. Heath & Co. Messrs. Miville & Gage suc- ceeded to the control later on, Messrs. Gage & Kelley in 1883, and in 1886 Mr. Kelley became the sole proprietor. The store is desirably located, is 20x70 feet in dimensions, attractive in all its appointments and fixtures, and amply pro- vided with every facility and convenience. The stock comprises pure, fresh drugs and chemicals, toilet and fancy articles, pharmaceutical prepar- ations, proprietary medicines, physicians' sup- plies, surgical appliances, etc., every department being complete in its variety. Two experienced assistants are employed, and in the well-equipped laboratory of the establishment physicians' pre- scriptions and family recipes are compounded from pure drugs with promptness, accuracy and care at any hour of the day or night. Mr Kelley, who is a native of this state, is a member of the State Pharmaceutical Association. G. G. Richardson, Five and Ten Cent Wares, No. 930 Elm Street. This extensively patronized establishment was opened in January, 1886, by the present proprietor. The spacious store occupied has an area of 25x80 feet, is fitted up in the most attractive style, and is stocked to its utmost Jimits with a widely varied stock of excellent goods in the line of crockery, glass, tin, majolica, light iron and china ware, housekeeping articles of every variety, notions, fancy goods, toys, and small wares of every description are here exhibited. A specialty is made of five and ten cent goods. Three clerks are kept busy giv- ing polite attention to customers. Mr. Richard - son. who is a native of Hillsboro, N. H., has for twelve years occupied a responsible position in the mail service, on the railroad running between Manchester and Peterboro, N H. 1(56 CITY OF MANCHESTER. G. R. Vance & Co., Stoves, Kanges, Fur- nishing Goods, etc., No. 706 Elm Street. Among the many dealers in labor-saving and useful house furnishing goods in the city of Manchester is the firm of Messrs, G. R. Vance & Co. The individual members of this enterpris- ing house are Mr. G. R. Vance, a native of Vermont, but a resident here since 1854, and Mr. J. L. Woodman, who was born in this city. This concern was inaugurated in 1867 by Mr. Vance, and from the start has been the centre of a first- class trade unsurpassed by any similar concern in the city. In 1872 Mr. Woodman was admitted into the business as partner, since which date the business has been conducted under the present firm title. The premises occupied for the busi- ness comprise a fine store and basement, each having a frontage of 20 feet, with a depth of over three times that distance. The store is very attractively and neatly appointed, and supplied with all convenieucies for the com- fort of customers and display of the large and varied assortment of goods. The stock embraces the latest improved and newest patterns and de- signs of parlor, office and cooking stoves, ranges, heaters, etc.; also gas and oil stoves of the most recent invention, refrigerators, dishes, glassware, lamps and their fittings, pots, pans, kettles, laun- dry goods and culinary utensils of the very best quality and superior finish. They also do quite an extensive manufacturing and repairing business in all kinds of copper, tin and sheet metal ware, having every facility in the way of tools, appara- tus and workmen in this department of their trade. Especial attention is also given to all kinds of job work pertaining to the business, and orders are delivered by wagon to all parts of the city free of charge. Mr. Vance is a prominent and valued member of theOdd Fellows' fraternity, and takes great interest in future welfare. A. M. Eastman, Groceries and Meats, No. 850 Elm Street. A noteworthy and excellent establishment is the admirably conducted and well-known store of A. M. Eastman, dealer in fine groceries, choice fruits, confections, meats and provisions, which has maintained a firm hold on popular favor and confidence for upward of twenty-six years. This well ordered and de- servedly popular store was established in 1861 by Wm. E. Eastman & Sou, who conducted the same until 1870, when, owing to the death of the senior member, which occurred at this period, the busi- ness passed into the sole control of his son and successor, the gentleman whose name heads this sketch. The premises occupied for business pur- poses embrace a 25x100 foot floor and basement, neatly fitted up and excellently kept, and a heavy and Al stock is constantly carried, comprising pure and fresh teas and coffees, spices, canned goods in great variety, choice fruits, delicious im- ported and fresh-made confectionery, and a mul- tifarious assortment of shelf goods, and every thing comprehended in staple and fancy groceries. Ten or more efficient and courteous assistants are em- ployed, all orders receiving prompt and satisfac- tory attention, while three delivery wagons are in steady service. The trade is both wholesale and retail, and is exceedingly large. Mr. Ivist- man is a native of Canaan. X. If., but has been a respected resident of this city since H.~>(). Leonard Shelters, Wholesale Dealer in Hay, Flour and Country Produce, Granite Street, Near Depot. This reliable house was founded by the present proprietor in 1877, and the business has since been conducted with uninterrupted suc- cess. The premises occupied consist of salesroom 25x80 feet in dimensions, and of a basement of equal size. They are admirably fitted up and arranged for the purposes to which they are de- voted. The house does a large commission busi- ness, and is engaged in receiving daily large con- signments of flour, hay and country produce of all kinds from the most noted producing regions of the country. Speedy sales are effected, and con- signors can always rely upon prompt and satisfac- tory returns. The business is exclusively of a wholesale character, and dealers and large con- sumers are offered the fine class of goods in the market at bed rock prices. A heavy stock is car- ried and orders are promptly attended to. Before entering into this business Mr. Shelters was for twelve years overseer in the Manchester Mills. He is a native of Clinton Co., New York, an ex -member of the city council, and very popular. Frank Li. Way, Pharmacist, No. 134 School Street. One of the most popular among our young skilled practical pharmacists is Mr. Frank L. Way. The store is neatly and attractively fitted up with plate glass show cases, a soda fountain of beautiful design and ornamental ' shelf ware and counters. In size it is 20x50 feet and contains a valuable stock of pure, fresh drugs and medicines of the highest standard quality; also all the various pharmaceutical preparations and proprietary remedies, toilet articles and per- fumes, and all the requisites used by physicians in their practice. Mr. Way has been engaged compounding and dispensing medicines for the past ten years and is familiar with the business in all its details. Physicians' prescriptions and family recipes receive special care and are com- pounded with accuracy, rare skill and judgment. Mr. Way, who was born at Bedford, in this state, was brought up in the drug business in this city and in Boston. He has been established in busi- ness since 1885, and is highly endorsed and recom- mended as one of the best pharmacists in this section. He is a popular member of the Order of Odd Fellows, the Red Men and others. Hilton & Willcomb, Printers, Corner Elm and Amherst Streets. The foundation of this business dates from 1884 when it was established by Dillon & Flood, who continued it for one year when they were succeeded by Hilton & Hodge, and in April, 1886, by Hilton & Morgan, and in July of the present year they in turn were followed by Hilton & Willcomb, who are both practical printers of many years experience, and make a specialty of fine job work and all kinds of commercial print- ing, executing the work with rare skill in the very best manner. Commodious premises are occupied which are fitted up with the latest im- proved presses, new style type and provided \\ith every facility for meeting the demands of their patrons. Mr. C. W. Hilton, the head ol the firm, is a native of Saratoga Co., N. V. 1I( \\-.\x been in Manchester daring th past three yean and is very popular. Mr. O. C. Willcomb, his copartner, was born at Ipswich, Mass. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 167 Cavaimugh Brothers, Wholesale and Re- tail Dealers in Horses, Carriages, etc., and Manu- facturers of Hand-Made Harnesses ; Factory and Store, No. 1082 Elm Street. Among the most enterprising establishments located in this city is that of the Messrs. Cavanaugh Bros., wholesale and retail dealers in horses, carriages, horse clothing, and manufacturers of hand-made harness. Their excellently equipped stable, a two-story struc- ture, at which they carry on a sale business, is located on Merrimack street, and has ample accommodations for one hundred and fifty horses. The factory and salesrooms are situated at No. 1082 Elm street, and are comprised in a spacious three-story building and basement, each floor having an area of 50x81' feet. The establishment is the largest and most important of the kind in this section of the state. The business was first inaugurated in 1867 by Edwin Branch, who was succeeded in 1880 by E. W. Kimball, the latter selling his interests in December, 1885, to the present proprietors, and they have acquired a patronage derived from all parts of the New Eng- land States. Ten hands are employed. The har- ness works are equipped with the most improved .appliances, and the goods turned out are unsur- passed for excellence of material, workmanship and finish. The salesroom contains a large, su- perior stock of the firm's splendid productions, from which all tastes and means can be satisfac- torily suited. The Messrs. Cavanaugh give spe- cial attention to the buying and selling of horses on commission. They are in frequent receipt of business, gentlemen's, family and draft horses, from Vermont, Canada and the west, and on every Saturday morning at ten o'clock, hold auc- tion sales of the same, at which fine investments are available. The copartners, Messrs. M. A. and J. F. Cavanaugh are natives of Taunton, Mass., and have resided in this city for the past eight years. James Briggs, Britannia, Glass, Wooden and Willow Ware, etc. Stove Mart, No. 714 Elm Street, Brown's Building. Mr. Briggs estab- lished this business in 1871 at the present address, and from its inception to the present day has enjoy- ed a continuous and unbroken career of prosperity. The premises utilized comprise a finely and at- tractively fitted up store room and basement, each 25x80 feet in dimensions, both of which are required to store the large stock of varied and useful goods which the necessities of the establishment require. Here will be found at all times a full and general assortment of Britan- nia, glass, wooden and willow wear, hollow ware, sinks, zinc, tin and sheet iron ware, in fact all the many culinary utensils and dining-room articles which are so necessary in every well-regulated household, while his stock of parlor, office and cook stoves, ranges and heaters is among the most varied and larges-t in the city. In this depart- ment of his business, Mr. Briggs has every facility for repairing and furnishing all broken or worn- out parts of stoves, etc., and his reputation as a judge of the capabilities of these articles is such that he has a very extensive patronage. He does a very extensive business in the manufacture of copper, tin and sheet-iron work, and ail sorts of hollow ware made from these materials, while es- pecial attention is given to job work of all kinds that pertains to his line of trade. Mr. Briggs is a native of England, but came to the United States in 1863. He is a prominent and valued member of the Order of Foresters. John G. Laue, General Insurance Agent and Adjuster, Post-Office Building. Among the leading and most responsible insurance men in this city can be mentioned the name of John G. Laue, general insurance agent and adjuster. Mr. Laue. who is a native of this state, and an old and respected resident of Manchester established himself in business at the present location in 1865, and during the twenty-two years since has received a large and flattering patronage. He transacts a general insurance business and adjusts claims and losses, in short, attends to everything that properly pertains to risks, while he repre- sents some of the most stable and reliable companies in New Hampshire, among others the Exeter Mutual, of Exeter, and the Phrenix Mutual, of Concord, and doing a broker- age business for all the leading stock companies in the county, and altogether a flourishing busi- ness is transacted; also represents the Mutual Life Insurance Co., of New York, for which he has built up a large business. Heath & Stevens, Marble and Granite Works, Corner of Central and Franklin Streets. The works, which possess an area of 46x100 feet, are equipped in the most complete manner for the prosecution of the industry, a large stock is car- ried, and employment is given a force of skilled artisans. The members of the firm, Messrs. Frank A. Heath and Reuben P. Stevens, are thorough practical exponents of their vocation. They manufacture monuments of all kinds in for- eign and domestic granite and marble, tablets, headstones, markers, etc.. also curbing and ceme- tery work of every variety. Orders are executed promptly, and the charges reasonable. 168 CITY OF MANCHESTER. Hardy & Co., Wholesale and Eetail Deal- ers in < roceries, Flour, Provisions, etc., Cilley Block, No. 1035 Elm and No. 14 Concord Streets. At the spacious and well stocked concern of Hardy & Co., wholesale and retail dealers in general groceries, flour and provisions, is one of the leading, most reliable and best equipped houses of the kind in Manchester, and where can at all times be found an extensive and Al stock of everything comprehended in staple and fancy groceries. This enterprising and popular firm was established in 1882, and at its very inception may be said to have bounded into public favor and prosperity. The premises occupied for busines purposes comprise a 25x100 foot store and base- ment, and a heavy and first-class stock is con- stantly carried, embracing pure and fresh teas, coffees and spices, sauces, preserves and canned goods in great variety, choice dairy butter, prime smoked meats and provisions, best brands of fam- ily flour (including the Entire Wheat flour, and Wheatlet for which the firm are mill agents), oatmeal, cereal food products, rice, lard, sugars, molasses, syrups, vinegar, oils, soda, starch, soap, shelf goods and general groceries, fine goods being a specialty, while three efficient and capable assistants are employed. Mr. Orison Hardy, who is sole proprietor, is a native of this state and a respected resident of Manchester since 1848, and prior to establishing this flourishing business had been a successful .traveler for a quarter of a century for some of 'the leading Boston wholesale grocers, and is a popular and esteemed member of the I. O. O. F and Red Men, and also a deacon in the First Baptist Church. Marshall & Knowlton, Pharmacists, No. 744 Elm Street. At the well-equipped and ele- gant drug store of Marshall & Knowlton, phar- macists, can always be found an exceedingly fine line of pure and fresh drugs, medicines and chemicals, standard proprietary remedies, acids, extracts and pharmaceutical specialties in great variety ; mineral waters, flavors, perfumery, toilet articles, soaps, sponges, chamois, sanitary preparations, etc., while prescriptions are com- pounded in the most accurate and reliable man- ner, the firm being among the most skilful and popular members of the profession in town. This neat and well-ordered store was established in 1877 by Messrs. Marshall & Knowlton. The store, which is spacious and commodious, is finely fitted up and tastefully appointed art-tiled floor, handsome show cases. An attractive soda foun- tain and fixtures, imparting to the place a very inviting appearance, and a carefully selected and complete stock is constantly carried. Messrs. John H. Marshall and Geo. H. Knowlton, com- posing the firm, are both natives of Sutton, N. H., but have resided in this city several years. Chas. T. Newman, Apothecary, West Side. Among the leading members of the phar- maceutical profession in Manchester may be mentioned the name of Chas. T. Newman, apoth- ecary, who enjoys an excellent reputation for accuracy and reliability in compounding and dispensing physicians' prescriptions and in the general exercise of his calling, as well as for pure and fresh medicines, drugs and chemicals. Mr. Newman, who is a native of Portsmouth, N. H., but raised in Haverhill, Mass., is a registered drugist and a popular and esteemed member of the state Pharmaceutical Association. He estab- lished himself in business here in 1877, and readily won his way to public favor. The store, which is spacious and commodious, is nicely fitted up and tastefully kept, and a large and carefully selected stock is constantly carried, embracing besides fresh and pure drugs, medicines and chemicals of every variety, extracts, acids, druggists' special- ties of all kinds, proprietary remedies of merit, including Newman's Carbolic Ointment, Bright's Kidney Remedy, Dr. B. Haselton's Indian Lini- ment and Newman's Cough Curative : also min- eral waters, flavors, spirits, alcohol and medicinal liquors, toilet articles, fancy goods, small wares, perfumery, scented soaps, sponges, chamois, sani- tary preparations, stationery and cigars, while a handsome soda fountain imparts an inviting ap- pearance to the place. N. J. Whalen, Manufacturer of and Dealer in Harnesses, Trunks, Bags, Horse Clothing, Cynthiannia Horse Boots, Nos. 99 and 101 Merri- mack Street. This gentleman, who is an ac- knowledged expert leader in his responsible voca- tion, having had many years valuable experience therein, founded his business here in 1880, bring- ing energy and progressive ideas to bear in his management, the result being that a large, flour-' ishing trade was soon acquired. The premises forming the headquarters of the enterprise consist of a commodious two-story building, excellently fitted up throughout and supplied with every appliance requisite. The salesroom is filled with a large, valuable stock which embraces harness, horse and stable equipage, horse blankets, lap robes, whips, etc.; also a splendid line of trunks and bags. A specialty of the house is the manu- facture of harness and saddles. Five expert hands are employed, only the best stock is used, and the production is noted for its elegance, style and finish, while the prices are always uniformly reasonable. Mr. Whalen is a native of this state. E. P. Johnson Company, Hard and Smith Coal, Wood, etc., Office, No. 668 Elm Street. The business of this concern was originally inaugurated in 1854 by Johnson & Smith, contin- uing thus until 1867, when the firm style became E. P. Johnson & Co., the present firm name being adopted in 1886. The individual members of the firm are, Mr. E. P. Johnson, one of the original founders, the Hon. William Perkins, who has served for three terms as representative to the State Legislature, and Messrs. C. E. Wason and J. S. Levering. With such a combination of executive talent it is but natural that this com- pany should occupy such a commanding position in this community. The coal yards and Imsimss premises are situated at the corner of Elm an d Valley streets and on Franklin street, having an area in full of 40,000 square feet, and possessing every necessary equipment for the prosecution of a large wholesale and retail trade, while employ- ment is afforded a corps of experienced driver;- . clerks, etc. The firm are general dealers in, and handle immense quantities of hard and soft coal. wood, pressed hay and straw, and secure their supplies from the leading sources of production. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 1C9 George A. Leightoii, Power Circular Knitting Machines for Cardigan Jackets, Leg- gings, etc. ; also Shirt and Hosiery Machinery, Corner of Franklin and Auburn Streets. Among the most popular and successful knitting ma- chines in the country is the Patent Automatic Circular Ribbed Fashioning Knitting Machines, manufactured by Mr. George A. Leighton. These works were founded in 1873 by Mr. R. G. Annan, who. in 1882, was succeeded in the proprietorship by Mr. Leighton, who is the owner of the patent rights of the Automatic Circular Ribbed Fashion- ing Knitting Machines for Cardigan jackets, leg- gings, etc., and also of shirt and hosiery machin- ery. He is also the president of the Everett Knitting Works of this city, these machines being of his invention. The premises occupied consist of one floor 50x125 feet, and this is fur- nished with one planer, two punches, two up- right drills, three millers, twenty lathes and other machinery, which is operated by steam power. From fifteen to twenty-five hands are employed, and a brisk business is done, the ma- chines being shipped to all parts of the country. The Patent Automatic Circular Ribbed Fashion- ing Knitting Machine is a novelty in the c'ass termed Circular Knitting Machines, in that it is automatic: in producing the various patterns of wool, such as fancy and plain blocks, checks, vor- tical and circular stripes, in any desirable com- bination or any one pattern entire, also in widen- ing and narrowing the garment or article at any point or points. The following are but a f'e\v of the articles which can be manufactured by this machine, it being adapted (according to size) to any work that can be produced on Circular Knit- ting Machines : First Hosiery, in any pattern or combination of patterns, using the widening and narrowing mechanism to fashion the work, or make in the hose the garter above and below the knee, which has never before been attempted. Second Leggings, and various other articles of apparel too numerous to mention, including wristers. Silk can also be employed with equally as good results. It will be readily un- derstood by those acquainted with this class of knitting, that a machine which will make from eight to ten dozen pair of hose per day (fash- ioned), and that one person can attend to at least six machines, must certainly be very economical in comparison with all other machines, and there- fore very valuable. The heels and toes of hosiery are made on another machine, this being used for legs only. W. S. Jewell, Wholesale Grocer and Flour Dealer, Tobaccos and Cigars a Specialty, Old Depot Store. In this review of the commercial, industrial and general business interests of Man- chester, a prominent place should be given to the well and favorably known establishment of W. S. Jewell, wholesale grocer and flour dealer, the sta- ble and reliable Old Depot Store, which since the inception of the business upward of twenty- eight years ago, has maintained a record of steady and substantial progress, and which fully sus- tains to-day its hold on public favor and confi- dence, being by common consent the leading, largest and best equipped concern of the kind in this city, as well as one of the oldest, while its connections, which are of a most extensive and gratifying character, grow apace annually. The house was founded in 1859 by J. S. Kidder & Co., who were succeeded by the firm of C. H. Hill & Co., who conducted it up to 1885, when the business passed into the control of Krudell & Jewell, by whom it was carried until January, 1887, when Mr. Jewell became sole proprietor, and has since continued the business alone with uninterrupted success. The premises occupied comprise an entiie Iwo-story 40x120 foot build- ing, well ordered and equipped throughout, and a vast ami varied stock is constantly carried to meet the requirements of the trade, embracing everything comprehended in staple and fancy groceries, line ttas and coffees of every descrip- tion, pure spices, condiments, entrements, sauces and table luxuries, canned goods in great variety, tobaccos and cigars of every variety (imported and domestic), best brands of family flour, oat- meal, cornmeal, rice and cereal /ood products of every description, smoked and salt fish, vinegar, oils, soda, starch, .soap, household specialties and a multifarious assortment of shelf goods and grocers' sundries, tobaccos and cigars being a specialty, while Mr. Jewell is agent also for Wash burn's Superlative Flour. Half a dozen or more in help are employed, while three wag- ons are in steady service, and the trade of the house, which is of a wholesale character exclu- sively, extends all over the entire state, with a fine local patronage, and is exceedingly large. Mr. Jewell, who is a native of New Hampshire. and a resident of Manchester since early boyhood, is a young man of sterling qualities, full of push ml enterprise, and maintains an Al commercial standing, 170 CITY OF MANCHESTER. The Smith American Organ and Piano Company, Manufacturers of Organs anil Pianos, No. 531 Treniont Street, Boston; Branch House. No. 864 Elm Street, Manchester ; R. B. Quay, Manager. The Smith American Organ and Piano Co.. of Boston, opened a branch house in Manchester for the sale of their cele- brated pianos and organs in 1887, and the venture has been attended by the most satisfactory re- sults. The salesroom is 20x70 feet in dimensions, is finely fitted up, and it contains a very attrac- tive selection of pianos and organs of the com- pany's manufacture. This company began busi- ness in 1852, and by its pianos and organs it has made its name famous on both sides of the Atlantic. The company's factories and princi- pal offices are located at No. 531 Tremont street. The factories are equipped with the best labor- saving machinery that skill and capital can com- mand, and the company's facilities are such as to enable it to offer to the public and to the trade, pianos and organs the equal, if not the superior, of any in the market, on terms the most advan- tageous. The organs of this company are pro- duced in a variety of styles and combinations, ranging in price from $50.00 to $1,000, and adapted for use in the school, church, parlor and conserva- tory ; in fact for any use for which an organ is intended. The organs made by this company now number over one hundred and twenty thous- and. The Smith American Piano is not only sold at a fair price but has not a superior in the market. It is substantially built of the best materials obtainable and it has a most elegant and attractive exterior. The interior is a triumph of skill from an artistic and scientific point of view. Siuce'the company opened their establish- ment in Manchester it has been under the man- agement of Mr. R. B. Quay, who is a native of Ohio, and has been in the company's service for the past eight years. He is a gentleman who has devoted his time to this branch of business and has by his energy added largely to the increasejd demands of this company. Li. H. Josselyn & Co., Manufacturers of Furniture. Franklin Street, Corner of Auburn Street. Prominent among the leading notable lirms in the city engaged in the manufacture of furniture is that of Messrs. L. H. Josselyn & Co., who have built up a trade of considerable propor- tions. The business was started in 1874 by Messrs. Josselyn & Marston, but on the dissolu- tion of this partnership in 1876, Mr. L. H. Josse- lyn took sole charge of the affairs of the establish- ment under the style of L. H. Josselyn & Co. Mr. Josselyn is a native of Portland, Me., and has had vast experience in the furniture industry. The premises occupied consist of a substantial building, measuring 100x100 feet, and containing two floors and basement. The most modern and efficient tools and wood-working machinery, operated by steam power, are in use, and some twenty hands are employed in fitting together parts of furniture and in finishing them for the trade. The firm have a mill at Wet Campton, N. H., started in 1884, for the preparation of stock, and here a considerable number of workmen are employed. The stock prepared here is sent on to receive the finishing touches in the Manchester house. The manufactures consist of ash and painted chamber suites, bedsteads, bureaus, sinks, washstands, chestnut and pine dining table, and all kinds of chairs in the wood and finished. A large stock is kept on hand, and* the trade is wholesale in its character, ana is widespread. A mill at Goffstown will shortly be erected with a capacity for seventy-five men with dry house, store house, etc., making a spcialty of chamber sets, chairs, tables, etc., with railroad track to shop, etc. Everett Knitting Works, Manufacturers of Cardigan Jackets, Leggings and Fancy Knit Goods. This concern was incorporated only dur- ing the present year, and it has met with such great success thus far as to indicate the attain- ment of great prosperity in the future. The company was incorporated under the laws of New Hampshire with a capital of $20.000. The president is Mr. George A. Leighton, machinist and builder of knitting machines, in this city, and the treasurer is Mr. Edward Dorsey. Both these gentlemen are natives of'New Hampshire. The premises occupied have a floorage area of 14,000 square feet, and here twenty- five knitting machines, operated by steam' power are kept at work in manufacturing Cardigan jackets, leggings and fancy knit goods. The machines in use are the Patent Automatic Circular Ribbed Fashioning Knitting Machines, by which are produced any number of patterns or designs that are only lim-* ited by the conception of the manufacturer or operator. Seventy-five hands are employed, and the products of the concern have won great favor in the market, and are shipped to all sections of the country through Messrs. Rogers, Lamson & Co., of New York, who are the selling agents of the company. A large stock of goods, plain and fancy, are constantly kept on hand, and from which any order can be promptly filled. F. Li. "Wallace & Co., City Undertakers and Practical Embalmers. The well-known and deservedly popular firm of F. L. Wallace & Co., city undertakers and practical embalmers, are in all respects the leading members of the profession in Manchester. This old and favorably known establishment was originally stajted in 1857 by Straw & Prince, who were succeeded in 1863 by John Prince, who was in turn succeeded six years subsequently by C. S. Fisher, who conducted the business up to 1874, when it passed into the hands of Pearson & Wallace. In 1876 the firm was changed to Fairbanks & Pearson in 1881, then the style of the firm was Pearson, Wai lace & Co. .contin- ued until the death of Mr. Pearson Oct. 9th, 1886, when it passed into the control of Messrs. F. L. Wallace & Co., the present concern. The ware- rooms are finely fitted up and appointed, and \\ complete and first-class assortment of coffins, caskets, grave clothes, shrouds, trimmings, and everything comprehended under the general head of funeral requisites is constantly carried < n hand, cloth, velvet, plush and silk covered caskets being a specialty. Handsome hearses and carriages also are furnished at short notice and at reasonable terms, while remains are prepared for burial and bodies embalmed in the most expert and satisfac- tory manner; funerals are directed and inter- ments procured in any of the city and suburban cemeteries LEADING MANUFACTUKEltS AND MERCHANTS. 171 Union Mortgage and Trust Company, Merchants' Exchange Building. The Union Mortgage and Trust Co. was incorporated in 1887 under the laws of the state of Kansas, with a capital of $100,000, and has its western office at Marion, Kansas. This, company offers lirst mort- gages of real estate, both of farms and city prop- erty, paying six and seven per cent. The prompt payment of both principal and interest guaran- teed at the former rate, and at the latter prompt payment of interest and collection of principal without expense to holder guaranteed. The marvelous development of the west has led to a large and legitimate demand from borrowers, for money to improve their property, the value of which is steadily appreciating. Central Kansas affords unexcelled securities of this kind. More lines of railway were constructed in Central Kansas during the year 1886 than in any state in the Union. From the most reliable sources it is estimated that fivo hundred thousand persons will be added to thu population of Kansas before the close of tho present year. The comparative cheapness of tho land, tho fertility of the soil and the ease with which it can be cultivated, enables the borrower to successfully pay higher interest rates than could be safely obtainable in the east. The methods of placing western mortgage loans adhered to by this company are worthy of careful consideration, and are such as to secure a full in- vestigation of the character of the security offered for loan, the credit and reliability of the bor- rower, and insuro a close supervision of the loan during its continuance. This company guaran- tees promptness and due dilligence in the transac- tion of all business ou the part of the officers, agents or employes of the company ; a perfect title to all property on. which loans are made ; the truth of all material facts set forth in the application and report; that all papers are made in due form and in accordance with the laws of the state of Kansas, and the prompt payment of all interest and watch overall loans made, and that no loss shall occur by reason of the non-pay- ment or taxes or other liens, and that payments of principal and interest will be made without expense to the holder. The officers of the com- pany are as follows, viz Joseph L. Hosmer, president; Hon. George H. Stearns, treasurer; Edwin M. Donaldson, secretary; Chas. C. Hayes, vice-president ; R. O. Nelson, second vice-presi- dent ; W. A. Stanford, special agent; E. R. Trenner, examiner of titles. Directors : W. H. Dudley, cashier of First National Bank, Marion, Kan.; Levi Billings, president Cottonwood Val- ley B:mk ; Hon. E. E. Truesdell, Suncook, N. H. State Senator and Superintendent of Pembroke, Webster and China Corporation; Roswell O. Nel- son, Marion, Kansas, treasurer of Marion Co., Kansas; Col. I>. L. Jewell, Suncook, N. H., agent of Pembroke, Webster & China Corporation ; W. A. Stanford Marion, Kansas, of Stanford & Son, merchants; Chas. C. Hayes, Esq., Manchester, N. H.; John Dovvst, Esq.. Manchester, N. H., with Head & Dowst; E. R. Trenner, Marion, Kansas, attornev-at-law ; John T. Whitehouse, Lamed, Kan., of Wilson ct Whitehouse; Hon. J. B. Haselton, Suncook, N. H. ; Fred L. Frazer, Marion, Kansas, register of deeds of Marion Co., Kansas; Hon. George H. Stearns, ex- inaydr of the city of Manchester. N. H.; Joseph L. Hosmer, Suncook, N. H., of the firm of Don- aldson, Hosmer & Co., Marion, Kansas ; Edwin M. Donaldson, Marion, Kansas, of the firm of Donaldson, Hosmer & Co., Marion, Kansas. The president, treasurer and other officers and direc- tors are too well known in business and financial circles to require any eulogy at our hands. E. M. Slayton, Receiver of and Wholesale Dealer in Butter, Cheese, Lard, Pork, Eggs and All Kinds of Country Produce, Granite Street. This enterprising and flourishing houso was founded in 1865 by the present proprietor's father, Mr. H. K. Slayton, who is a native of Vermont and has resided in Manchester for the past thirty-four years. He was a member of the State Houso of Representatives in 1871-2, of the city Council in 1875 and of the State- Senate in 1877-8, and he is now a trustee of the Guaranty Savings Bank. In 187:: he retired from business in favor of his son. Mr. E. M. Slaytou, present proprietor. Mr. E. M. Slaylon, who was born in Vermont thirty- five years ago, came to reside in Manchester when eleven years old, and in 1885-6 he represented his fellow citizens in the Legisla- ture. As a commission merchant he receives heavy consignments of butter, cheese, lard, pork, beans, eggs, potatoes, evaporated apples and all kinds of coui.try produce, and -he possesses ample facilities and influential connections for conduct- ing all transactions under the most favorable auspices. The pi emises arc very convenient and spacious, and consist of a building measuring 30x80 feet, and containing two stories and base- ment. They are admirably fitted up and an excellent stock is carried. Ten hands and three delivery wagons are employed, and also one traveling salesman. The business is exclusively of a wholesale character and extends throughout the New England states. B. F. & S. D. Shepard, Real Estate, Em- ployment and General Business Brokers, Room No. 2, Patten's Block, No. Ji24 Elm Street. Among the leading firms in Manchester can bo named B. F. & S. D. Shepard, real estate, employ- ment and general business brokers, and none in this business in this city sustain a higher reputa- tion for integrity, sound judgment and, reliability, as none enjoy a larger measure of public favor, numbering among their extensive clientele many of the solid and wealthy citizens in tho commu- nity. They transact a general real estate busi- ness, buying, selling and exchanging houses, lots, farms, etc., on commission ; attend to the collec- tion of house and ground rents and the manage- ment of estates (the purchase and sale of farms being a specialty), while loans are. negotiated on bond and mortgage, while they are accounted among the best judges of the present and prospec- tive values of both improved and unimproved property hereabout. They also effect employment for all classes of male and female help, and, in short, attend to business brokerage in all its features, and altogether a large, and flourishing business is transacted. Messrs. B. F. and S. D. Shepard (father and son respectively) are natives of Ellenburg, X. Y. state, but have been respected residents of Manchester .-everal years, the younger being an efficient and popular justice of the peace here. 172 CITY OF MANCHESTER. Clark Brothers, Fancy Goods, No. 941 Elm Street. Among the flourishing and note- worthy mercantile establishments in this city may be mentioned the excellent emporium of Clark Bros , the deservedly popular Bee Hive, where is always displayed an exceedingly fine assortment of fancy goods, small wares, laces, em- broideries, gloves, hosiery, novelties in ladies' wear and female furnishings in great variety. This neat and well-known store was established in 1876 by J. B. Estey, who conducted it up to 1884, when he was succeeded by the enterprising and popular firm whose name stands at the head of this sketch. The store, which is 25x80 feet in dimensions, is finely fitted up and attractively ar- ranged, a very tasteful display being made, and an extensive and elegant stock is carried, embrac- ing exquisite dress trimmings, silk ribbons, laces, embroideries and neckwear novelties, corsets and undergarments in great variety, gloves, hosiery, worsteds, yarns, braids, beads, buttons and small wares, jewelry, ornaments, notions, picture frames, art novelties, toilet articles and a multi- farious assortment of fancy goods. The firm make a specialty of stamping and embroidering, and keep on hand a full assortment of notions, while five competent and courteous clerks attend to the wants of purchasers, and the trade of the establishment, which extends all over the city and suburbs is of a most liberal and gratifying character. Messrs. Frank N., Geo. M. andChas. C. Clark, composing the firm, are natives of Chester, N. H., but residents of Manchester several years, and prior to embarking in this flourishing enterprise had all been employed in this city. F. C. Miville, Wholesale Retail Dealer in Drugs, Chemicals, etc., No. 1028 Elm Street, Mercantile Block. The busi- ness of this reliable house was originally founded in 1843 by Dr. H. G. Connor, in whose employ Mr. Miville became engaged, in 1872, in the capacity of clerk. In 1876 he was admitted a partner in the firm, and in 1881 succeeded to the entire control. The premises are finely fitted up with every necessary requisite for pharmaceutical operations, and comprise a salesroom 20x70 feet in dimensions. The attractive shelf ware, hand- some show cases and soda fountain, combine to give the place a most tasteful and inviting ap- pearance. A large, very superior stock is carried, embracing all the supplies usually found in a first-class metropolitan drug store, including pure fresh drugs and chemicals, patent medicines, dye stuffs, fine toilet soaps, hair and tooth brushes, perfumery, fancy toilet articles, station- ery, trusses and shoulder braces, pure wines and liquors for medicinal purposes, etc. Two skilled pharmacists are employed and a specialty is made of the compounding of physicians' prescriptions, the finest materials entering into the composition, and accuracy being guaranteed. Mr. Miville is a native of Canada, and came to this city in 1871. He is a graduate of St. Ann's College of Quebec, Canada, and was the first to pass an examination before the State Board at Concord, N. H. He is a popular member of the American Pharmaceutical Association, St. John the Baptist and St. Augus- tine Societies, and is a welcome figure in every circle that he enters. H. I. Faucher, Dealer in Provisions, Beef, Pork. Lard, Hams, Fruits, Vegetables, Country Produce, Teas. Coffees, Spices, etc. Agent for the Central Vermont Railroad, No. 1105 Elm Street. This gentleman originally founded his business here in 1871, continuing it until 1882, when he retired and went to his native country, Canada, where he remained until 1886, when he returned to this city and established his present trade. The premises occupied comprise a store 25x75 feet, an addition in rear 20x25 two stories in di- mensions, excellently fitted up throughout and filled with a large, exceptionally fine stock of goods. The assortment embraces the choicest provisions, beef, pork, lard, hams, fruits, vege- tables, country produce, teas, coffees, spices and general groceries, every article being of the high- est standard of excellence and purity. The prices are made uniformly low. From ten to twelve salesmen are employed. Among the numerous patrons of the establishment are many of the best people of this city and suburbs. Mr. Faucher is agent for the Kile of tickets for all parts of Canada and the West, via. the Central Vermont R. R. J. S. Berry,; Boots, Shoes and Rubbers, No. 1083 Elm Street. At the popular establishment of J. S. Berry, may at all times be found a large and excellent assortment of every thing comprehended in the footwear line at the lowest prices con- sistent with reliable goods and upright dealing* while no pains are spared to render the fullest satisfaction in every instance to customers. This thriving and prosperous business was established in July, 1886, and from the start Mr. Berry has enjoyed a liberal and gratifying patronage. The store is neat and commodious, and a large and very superior stock is constantly carried, compris- ing ladies', gent's, misses', youths' and children's boots and shoes of every size, style and variety, both in finest and medium grades ; also rubbers and slippers of all kinds, and the the trade of the store extends all over the town and vicinity. Mr. Berry, is a native of Maine, but has resided in Manchester since 1869, and before starting this business had been for seventeen years em- ployed as overseer of the cording and spinning department of the Amoskeag Mills. L,. B. Bod well & Co., Dealer in Coal, Wood and Ice, No. 640 Elm Street, Forth* past nineteen years Messrs, L. B. Bodwell & Co., have been supplying the citizens of Manchester and vicinity with a superior quality of coal, wood and ice, having ample facilities for handling these nec- crssary articles, and a full supply is at all seasons at hand for meeting the wants of their patrons, embracing both hard and soft eoal, wood for fuel and kindling purposes, employing fifteen teams for delivering and storing the goods, also they supply a pure quality of ice in any quantity desired at low rates to consumers. Their ice house is located at Natts Pond, and is capable of storing about 10,000 tons of an excellent quality of pure ice. Some thirty hands are employed, the firm handling annually about 10,000 tons. This business was established in 1868 by Messr>. L. B. & A. Bodwell. The members of the firm consist of Messrs. L. B. Bodwell and A. Bod well, father and son respectively, both are natives 01' this state. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 173 E>. P. Small, Real Estate Exchange and Banking Rooms, No. 9 Smyth's Block. One of the most active and popular representatives of the real estate business in this section is Mr. D. P. Small, whose headquarters are located in Smyth's Block, and whose branch offices are situated at Redford, Derry, Warner, Caudia, Franklin Falls and Nashua. Mr. Small estab- lished his enterprise in 1880, and now numbers among his permanent patrons many of our lead- ing capitalists and business men. He is ex- pert in the values of property, improved or unim- pioved, is thoroughly acquainted with all the available openings for investment in this county and elsewhere, and has upon his lists descriptions of many splendid properties of the most desirable character, and which are well worthy the atten- Joel Daniels & Co., House and Sign Painting, etc., No. 1094 Elm Street. Prominent mention ought to be made in this review of the well and favorably known firm of Joel Daniels & Co., house and sign painters, jobbers and dealers in paints, oils, glass, paper-hangings, etc. Mr. Daniels, who is sole proprietor, and is a native of Maine, but a resident of this city since 1866, is a practical and expert painter himself, with many years experience in the exercise of his art. He started in business on his own account here in 1869, and at once established himself in popular favor owing to the superiority of the work ex- ecuted and the general excellence of the goods handled, coupled with upright and honorable dealing. The store is ample and commodious and a heavy and first-class stock is constantly carried, tion of the capitalist. Mr. Small carries on a general business in buying and selling property of all kinds, collecting rents, securing tenants and taking entire charge of estates, negotiating loans on bond and mortgage, loaning money on personal property, discounting notes, and making advances on earned wages till pay-day, charging the most reasonable commissions in all his trans- actions. He is a Justice of the Peace for this state, and performs all the offices which that position allows him. He is in direct communi- cation with all the great financial centres, afford- ing every facility for keeping posted as to the condition of the market. Photographs are shown of the most desirable properties, and a quarterly Real Estate eight page Bulletin is issued, which will be mailed free on application, those interested in investments of this section of the state will find Mr. Small well informed. John Mooar, Jeweler, No. 940 Elm Street, A record of uninterrupted prosperity, extending over a period of some forty-one years, marks the history of the well and favorably known. jewelry establishment of John Mooar. Mr. Mooar is a practical and expert workman, and the oldest ex- ponent of the trade in Manchester, with forty-five years experience in the exercise of his calling. He established business in this city in 1846. The store is 20x60 feet in dimensions and neatly fitted up, and a large and very superior stock is con- stantly carried, including fine gold and silver watches, elegant jewelry of all kinds, superb dia- monds, clocks of every style and variety, silver and plated ware, spectacles, eye-glasses and opti- cal goods, the Keystone watch case being a spe- cialty, and repairing of every description also is executed in the most excellent and satisfactory manner. including paints, oils, colors, glass, putty, brushes, wall-paper, window shades, artists' materials and general painters' supplies, while house and sign painting, decorating, paper hanging and kindred work of every description is done in the highest style of the art; from three to six skilled hands being regularly employed. Mr. Daniels, who is one of Manchester's staunchest citizens, was an efficient member of the city council 1875 and 1876, and also served with credit as president of the same body during this period, and is likewise a popular and prominent member of the I. O. O. F. and the F. & A. M. E. B. Coburii & Co., Manufacturers of Picture Frames and Dealers in Artists' Materials, Second-Hand School and Miscellaneous Books, No. 740 Elm Street. Mr. Coburn has been doing business in this city for the past twenty-seven years, and has been located in his present store, which is 25x70 feet in dimensions, for the past eleven years. Mr. Coburn is an extensive manu- facturer of gold, gilt, antique, bronze and other kin. Is of picture frames, and he deals largely in paintings, engravings, etc., and in artists' mate- rials and supplies of every description. In this line he has won a high reputation for the superior excellence of the work produced, and the uniform satisfaction rendered to those having business re- lations with his establishment. He is prepared to design, manufacture and gild picture frames of every description, making a leading specialty of fine gold work and of re-gilding, and gives con- stant employment to several skilled and experi- enced workmen. Mr. Coburn also carries a very extensive stock of second-hand school and miscel- laneous books. In all departments the prices are placed at the lowest figure. Mr. Coburn is a na- tive of New Hampshire. 174 CITY OF MANCHESTER. The James liuldvnii Company, Manu- facturers of Bobbins. Spools and Shuttles for Cotton, Woollen, Silk and Linen Mills. A promi- nent industry is the manufacture of bobbins, spools and shuttles for cotton, woollen, silk and linen mills, and in this useful field of enterprise the most successful, reliable and oldest establish- ment in Manchester, is that of the James Bald- win Co. This prosperous concern had its origin in 1858, when it was founded by Mr. James Baldwin, and in January, 1887, it passed into the hands of the James Baldwin Co., incorpor- ated under the laws of New Hampshire with a capital of $75,000. The founder of the enter- prise, Mr. James Baldwin, is president. The offices of secretary and treasurer are respectively filled by his sons, J. F. and L. C. Baldwin, who are natives of Nashua, N. H. The father was born at Westford, N. H. The works are exten- sive, and comprise two main and several smaller buildings, the whole covering an area of two acres. One of the main buildings was only recently completed. This measures 45x128 feet, and contains three stories and basement. The other principal building is a two-story structure, measuring 60x110 feet. The mechanical equip- ments are not excelled anywhere, and the machinery is operated by two water wheels of of 110 horse power, and a steam engine of 75 horse power. The concern is the only one of its kind in the city and is the largest in the state. One hundred and fifty hands are employed and the pay roll amounts to $3,800 to $4,000 per month. The output amounts to 200 dozen shuttles and 250,000 bobbins and spools per month, and the sales annually reach from $100,000 to $125,000. The trade of the concern extends to all parts of the country, and the volume of business is under- going steady increase. The concern deserves the patronage accorded and the confidence of the trade. Garswell & Brown, Groceries, Meats and Provisions, No. 928 Elm Street. The history of this house since the inception of the business some thirty odd yeaj-s ago marks a record of unbroken prosperity, and fully sustains to-day its old-time reputation for reliable goods and upright dealing. This well and favorably known stand was established in 1857 by H. C. Merrill, who was succeeded about 1877 by Thos. Hubbard, who continued it about two years until 1879, when he was succeeded by W. E. Stevens, who conducted it up to 1887, when he was succeeded by the pushing and popular firm whose name heads this sketch. The premises occupied for business purposes comprise a 25x125 foot store and basement, and a heavy and first-class stock is constantly carried, embracing pure teas and coffees, spices, condiments, canned goods and delicacies, choice dairy butter, prime smoked meats and provisions, smoked and salt fish, best brands of family flour (which is a specialty), sugars, molasses, syrups, rice, lard, beans, peas, meal, cereal food products, shelf goods, soda, starch, soap, household specialties and general staple and fancy groceries, while several compe- tent and polite clerks attend to the wants of cus- tomers, and the trade, which extends all over the city and suburbs, is large, prosperous and perma- nent. Mr. W. L. Carswell is a native of Man- chester, and has resided here all his life with the exception of about four years spent in Boston en- gaged in the grocery business, and Mr. E. E. Brown is a native of Canada, three years in the grocery business in Boston before coming to Manchester. J. Taylor & Son, All Grades of Flour. AY. I. Goods, Choice Family Groceries, etc., No. 99Q Elm Street. This reliable house was first opened for business in 1882, and it was not long before an excellent patronage began to be acquired, the trade to expand and grow, until now the con- cern is one of the most substantial and popular of the kind in the city. The firm occupy a spa- cious and commodious store 20x80 feet in size r excellently appointed and amply provided with all modern appliances. Neatness, order and sys- tem prevail, courteous attention is paid to all customers by the proprietors and their five effi- cient assistants, all orders are promptly filled, the goods carefully packed, and delivered free of charge to any part of the city. The stock com- prises fresh, pure, staple and fancy groceries of all kinds, all grades of family flour. West India goods, meats and provisions, fruits and vege- tables, and choice dairy and creamery products, which are offered at very low prices. The copartners, Mr. J. Taylor, and his son, Mr. Fred. A. Taylor, are natives of this state. Darwin M. Poore, Dealer in Groceries^ Meats, etc., No. 1139 Elm Street. Born in this state, Mr. Poore came to Manchester in 1865 and founded his enterprise here in 1867, meeting with excellent success from the outset. The extensive premises used comprise a store 20x75 feet in di- mensions, with an L 20x40 feet, the latter used for the keeping and sale of meats, fish and oysters. The main store is excellent in its arrangement and conveniences, and is filled toit& utmost capacity with a very superior stock of staple and fancy groceries, both foreign and domestic, specialties being made of teas, coffees, spices, family flour and dairy produce. Six active- clerks are afforded employment. Popular prices- rule in all the departments, and customers have their purchases delivered to any part of the city free of charge. Mr. Poore has been a member of the City Council, and is earnestly interested in the welfare and advancement of the community. J". N. Marstoii, Real Estateand Employment Agency, No. 788 Elm Street, Room 3 One among our old,popular,esteemed citizens is Mr. J. N. Mars- ton, the well-known justice of the peace and real estate agent. Squire Marston is an able, upright judge and is held in high estimation in the com- munity, enjoying the confidence of all by the upright, honorable manner he dispenses justice and the impartial manner he renders decisions. Jus- tice Marston gives particular attention to real estate transactions and buys and sells property of all kinds on commission, and makes collections and secures or rents tenements, and is prompt in his attention to all branches of the business. He also conducts an employment agency and supplies first-class farm hands and help generally. Jus- tice Marston, who was born in Vermont, has lived in the state of New Hampshire over a quarter of a century, and has been permanently located in Manchester seventeen years. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANT*. 175 Frederick C. Dow, Boots and Shoes. At the well-ordered and handsome emporium of Frederick C. Dow, dealer in fine boots and shoes, can always be found an exceedingly fine assortment of everything in this line, from the most excellent and durable boot and most attrac- tive and neat-fitting shoe to the most exquisite and dainty lady's slipper; popular prices and reliable goods being at all times prevailing feat- ures in this the footwear house par excellence of Manchester. This admirably-conducted and de- servedly-popular store was established in 1870 by the present proprietor, building up in a short time a large and flattering patronage. The prem- ises occupied for business purposes, which are commodious and ample, are neatly fitted up and tastefully appointed, and a heavy and Al stock is constantly cairied, embracing ladies', gentle- men's, misses', youths' and children's boots and shoes of every style, variety and quality, both in the finest and medium grades, including also Kimball's famous walking boots (with cork soles running through and rendering them thoroughly waterproof), the celebrated gossamer boot (the easiest-fitting boot known), handsome low-cut French kid opera slippers, side-lace boots. Dow's nobby style calf shoe, etc., while five capable and polite assistants are employed. Mr. Dow, who is a native of Pembrook, N. H., but a resident of this city since 1867, is a popular and efficient trustee of the Manchester Savings Bank. Campbell & Williams, All Kinds of Mer- cantile Printing, Globe Block, No. 21 Hanover Street. This business was inaugurated by F. H. Challis, and in 1881 A. S. Campbell became asso- ciated with him under the firm name of Challis & Campbell, who were succeeded in 1883 by Campbell & Williams. The firm has made many improvements and increased the facilities and built up a large, substantial business. The prem- ises are thoroughly equipped and provided with every facility lor doing all kinds of commercial and general job printing, which is executed with skill in the highest style of the art. The firm have four fast presses which are driven by steam power: also a Porter press and new fonts of modern stales of type. Besides counting house and general mercantile printing, posters, dodgers, flyers, etc., are executed at short notice, and the prices will compare favorably with those of any other well-conducted printing establishment in this section of the New England states. Mr. A. S. Campbell, who is a native of Litchfield, in this state, has had ten years experience as a printer, and his partner, Mr. J. A. "Williams, who is also a native of Wilmot, New Hampshire, has been engaged in the business for thirteen years. The former gentleman is a member of the I. O. O. F. and the A. O. U. W., while the latter is a promi- nent member of the Grangers and also of the A. O. U. W. William Corey, Manufacturer of Knitting Machine Latch Needles. Mr. William Corey has won high reputation as a manufacturer of knit- ting machine latch needles. In 1866 the business which he now controls was established under the firm style of William Corey & Co., and in 1876 he became the sole proprietor. His premises con- sist of a three-story brick and wood building 30x75 feet in dimensions, and these are fitted up with the latest improved machinery, which is operated by a steam engine of 15 horse power. From eighty to one hundred hands are employed, and the concern is the only one of its kind in the city, and in combination with his other branch works makes it the largest in the world. In ad- dition to manufacturing knitting machine latch needles, of which 130,000 are produced weekly, Mr. Corey is a maker of patent shoe button fas- teners, and in this line does a large trade, his products being shipped to all parts of the country. Mr. Corey has also a similar establish- ment at Upper Bedford, Quebec, where a large and brisk business is done. Mr. Corey was born of American parents in Canada. J. E. Stearns & Co., Meats, Fish, Oysters, Vegetables, Poultry, etc., No. 1313 Elm Street. One of the neatest and best kept establishments devoted to the sale of meats, sea food and garden products in this quarter of the city is the well- known and reliable market of J. E. Stearns & Co. This thriving and popular business was es- tablished in 1872 by Robinson & Stearns, who conducted it up to 1883, when the copartnership became dissolved, and three years subsequently the pushing and prosperous firm whose name- heads this sketch was formed. The store is. 20x75 feet in dimensions, and a large and fine stock is constantly carried, comprising prime fresh beef, mutton, lamb, veal and pork, salt ami smoked meats, fresh fish of every variety, oysters and shell fish of all kinds, poultry, vegetables and fruits ; two efficient assistants also being in attendance, while a delivery wagon is in constant service. The firm is composed of J. E. and G. L. Stearns, father and son respectively, both na- tives of the city. 170 CITY OF MANCHESTER. AY. D. Ladd & Co., City Bakery, No. 1208 and 1210 Elm Street. One of the neatest and foremost concerns in this line in Manchester is the well ordered and excellent City Bakery, \V. D. Ladd & Co., proprietors, wholesale and retail dealers in fancy crackers, cakes, bread, etc., which is among the most reliable and popular stores of the kind in the city. This well and favorably known stand was originally established as a bakery some fifteen years ago, and after a number of changes in proprietorship, in 1884 came into the control of the prosperous firm whose name heads this sketch. The premises occupied comprise a 25x75 foot floor, and basement of equal dimen- sions, and the former, which is tbe store, is taste- fully fitted up and inviting, while the latter, which is used as the bake-house, is supplied with the best facilities and completely equipped in every respect, and several expert bakers are em- ployed. A large and very superior stock is carried fresh daily, including wholesome and deli- cious bread, fancy crackers in great variety, plain and ornamental cake of all kinds, pies, pasteries and choice confections, orders for wedding cake, plain, frosted or made in artistic designs, being promptly and satisfactorily filled at short notice, while three wagons are in steady service supply- ing customers all over the city and surrounding country. The individual membersof the firm are Messrs. W. D. Ladd and W. F. Elliott. Thorp & Bartlett, Stoves, Ranges, Furn- aces, and Kitchen Furnishing Goods, No. 1051 Elm Street. A leading firm engaged in this line in Manchester is that of Thorp & Bartlett, deal- ers in stoves, ranges, tinware and kindred articles, whose spacious and handsome store is one of the finest and foremost establishments devoted to this branch of mercantile activity in the city. This flourishing enterprise wns started in 1874 by F. D. Thorp, who conducted it alone up to 1884, when he admitted into partnership O. F. Bartlett, thus constituting the pushing and popular firm whose name heads this sketch. The premises occupied for business purposes comprise a 40x60 foot floor and basement finely fitted up and well ordered in every respect, and an extensive and admirably selected stock is constantly carried, embracing elegant stoves, ranges, furnaces and heaters of every size, style and variety, tin and sheet-iron ware of all kinds, stove castings and repairs, kitchen specialties and house furnishing goods in great variety, while the firm are sole agents also for the Adams & Westlake oil, gas and gasoline stoves. Tin sheet-iron and copper work in all its branches is executed in the most superior and expedtious manner, and repairing and general jobbing likewise is promptly attended to, four or more expert workmen being employed. Messrs. Thorp & Bartlett in addition take orders for steam, gas and water pipes and plumbing in all its branches. W. H. Elliott, Jeweler, Optician, and Dealer in Pianos, Organs and Musical Goods, No. 915 Elm Street. A pioneer of the earlier business interests here, covering a period of forty-six years of active, busy life, during which time he has materially added to the growth and attractiveness of the city, in building two of the finest private residences, namely, one corner of Myrtle and Maple streets, another corner of Walnut and Con- cord streets, also a large tenement consisting of twenty houses in one block located corner of Pearl and Chestnut streets, besides several others. Mr. Elliott established his business here in the year 1841 on the block now bounded by Man- chester and Hanover streets, and after several changes locating at the present site, No. 915 Elm street between Hanover and Amhurst streets. The premises have a frontage on Elm street of 20 feet and a depth of 100 feet. It has a choice and well selected stock of silverware, watches of home and foreign production, plain and ornamental clocks, fine jewelry, spectacles and eye glasses, of which last two mentioned articles he pays special attention, and as a scientific optician he is widely known as an expert in fitting glasses 1o suit the eye in difficult and abnormal cases. Mr. Elliott is also extensively engaged as a dealer in pianos, organs, musical instruments and musical mer- chandise. Mr. Elliott is a native of Derry, in this state, but has resided in Manchester since 1841, and was a member of the Board of Selectmen previous to the time Manchester was incorporated, and for more than one-third of a century has been a member of the Masonic Order and a Knight Templar. C. H. Kimball, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Pianos and Organs, etc., No. 73 Hanover Street. This now flourishing business was started in a comparatively small way by the " present proprietor about ten years ago, but by untiring energy, upright and liberal dealing and close attention to the wants of customers, Mr. Kimball rapidly pushed his way to prominence and public favor, building up in a short time a very fine trade. He occupies a neat and well kept 25x80 foot store and basement, and carries constantly on hand an extensive and Al stock, including the Knabe and Behr Bros, pianos, the Wilcox & White organs, the Wheelock pianos, musical instruments of ail kinds, violin strings, music books, sheet music, fancy cards, art novel- ties, sewing machines and attachments, while three competent and polite assistants are in at- tendance, and altogether the patronage is of a very substantial and gratifying character. Mr. Kimball. who is a native of this state and raised in the city, is a popular and esteemed member of the I. O. O. F., Red Men, and Royal Arcanum. Boston 99 Cent Store, No. 1014 Elm Street, Stark Block ; S. E. Butterfield, proprietress. At the " Boston 99 Cent Store," of which Miss S. E. Butterfield is the enterprising and prosper- ous proprietress, can always be found a multifari- ous assortment of useful and ornamental articles, household specialties, novelties and small wares for 5, 10 and 99 cents, which cannot be duplicated elsewhere in Manchester at 50 per cent, advance in the prices. This thriving and prosperous store was established in 1879. The store, which is 25x50 feet in dimensions, is finely fitted up and tastefully arranged, and an extensive and varied stock is constantly carried, comprising fancy goods, toys, notions, novelties, games, stationery, small wares, household specialties, tinware, cut- lery, kitchen utensils and miscellaneous articles, while no pains are spared to render the utmost satisfaction in every instance. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 177 Palmer & Garnion, Manchester Marble and Granite Works, No. b'04 Elm Street, Corner of Granite Stieet. The establishment of Messrs. Palmer & Garmon is the oldest and leading con- cern of its kind in the city. The business was first started in Manchester in 1842 by J. H. Wiuslow, who continued it about eight years. He sold to J. B. Campbell, who in 1854 sold to Cyrus Chase, and Mr. I. D. Palmer became a member of the firm the same year. At this time there was but very little done at the business. In 1856 Mr. Chase Fold his interest to John U. Farnham, and the business was conducted by J'al- mer & Farnham for eleven years. In 1867 Mr. Palmer bought out his partner and was sole pro- prietor until 1871, when Mr. Win. G. Gannon was admitted a memher of the firm. In 1874 Mr. Clarence D. Palmer, son of I. D., was ad- mitted a member of the firm. Mr. I. D. Palmer was born in Deering, N. H. He has been con- nected with the firm thirty-three ye^rs, and great credit is due to him for the high standard it has attained. Mr. Garmou was born in New London, this state. He came to this city in 1857 and entered the employ of Palmer & Faruham, was foreman for Mr. Palmer several years and re- mained with the establishment up to the time he became a member of it. Mr. C. D. Palmer was born in Grafton, Mass., and is a graduate of Dart- mouth College. All of the members of the firm are practicable workmen and give their personal attention to the business. The establishment is located at the corner of Elm and Granite streets and covers an area of 5,000 feet, and from twelve to fifteen workmen are employed on marble and granite. They keep constantly on hand a choice and excellent assortment of plain and highly ornamental monuments, and richly carved tablets in murhle, Scotch and American granite; also statua.y of the highest order and cemetery work of every description. They have on hand an ele gant assortment of designs of every kind and are always prepared to draft original and artistic designs and fashion them in marble and granite. They have a large and increasing patronage. Some of the finest and most costly monuments to be found in New England may be seen in our cemeteries in this city, and were designed and wrought at this establishment. Their trade is not confined to this city alone but extends into a large number of towns in this state and even into Massachusetts. Ormond H. Kimball, Printer and En- graver, No. 10 Market Street. This enterprise was started in 1856 by C. F. Livingston who con- ducted it alone up to 1877, when he was suc- ceec'ed by Livingston & Kimball, who carried on the business up to 1884, when owing to the retiiem at of the founder Mr. Kimball became sole proprietor. The premises occupied for busi- ness purposes comprise a 25x70 foot floor and basement supplied with ample steam power, and completely equipped in every respect with the most improved machinery and general appurte- nances, including five presses, wnile from ten to fifteen expert hands are employed. Printing and engraving of everv description are executed in the most superior and expeditious manner, fine commercial work being a specialty, and alto- gether the trade of the concern, which extends throughout the city and surrounding country, is exceedingly large. Mr. Kimball is a popular and respected member of the I. O. O. F., Red Men, and the G. A. R. Louis Bell Post No. 3., and bears a creditable war record, enlisting in the 5th Cav. Reg. Army in 1860, and served in i he same up to 1863, when he was discharged as disabled from wounds received at the battle of Gaine's Mills. When restored to health soon after, he re- enlistedin the 1st N. H. Artillery, and shared the fortunes of this regiment until mustered out in 1864. Carl E. York, Wholesale nnd Retail Dealer in Groceries, Meats, Fresh Fish, Wild Game, Vegetables, Fruits, etc., No. 119 Hanover Street, Corner of Chestnut Street. In 1877 Mr. York opened his store, and from that date has by excel- lent management and untiring energy, brought the business up to the present state of prosperity, his trade extending as it does throughout the city and its immediate vicinity. It hasalways been a special feature of this house to supply only the best quality of food products and staple groceries. Customers can at all times feel assured of obtain- ing excellent goods and courteous treatme-nt. The stock carried at all times is large and varied, embracing staple and fancy groceries, consisting of the best brands of flour, sugars, teas, coffees, spices, soap, table salt, etc., canned goods in great variety, finest creamery and dairy butter,- eggs, cheese, and in fact everything to be found in a well ordered grocery store. There is also in connection with the store an excellent market supplied with all modern conveniences to pre- serve and handle prime fresh beef, mutton, lamb, veal, pork, fowl and game, kept in fine condition and of the best quality. The premises occupied by him are a first floor and basement 25x75 feet in dimensions, the market being in the rear of the store. Mr. York is a native of Vermont but has resided in Manchester since 1861 ; he is a mem- ber in good standing of the I. O. O. F. and Order of Red Men. H. B. Fairbanks, Auctioneer, Commission Merchant and Appraiser, No. 882 Elm Street. This business wos originally founded in 1862 by Mr. G. F. Bosher, Mr. Fairbanks becoming a member of the firm in 1875, and succeeding to the entire proprietorship in 1885. The spacious business premises comprise a building 25x100 feet in dimensions, having three stories and base- ment. An extensive stock is carried, comprising parlor sets, crockery, glassware, ranges, chamber sets, mattresses, spring beds, housekeeping goods, etc., which are offered at the lowest cash prices, or are sold on e;isy payments, installment plan. Mr. Fairbanks carries on a general business as auctioneer, commission merchant and appraiser, pays special attention to the sale of real estate and personal property, and makes liberal advances on consignments. Auction sales are held every Thursday and Saturday, and prompt returns of the proceeds are made to consignors in every in- stance. Mr. Fairbanks, who is a native of this city, wns a member of the City Council in 1885 and 1886. and has fully proved his value as a citizen. He is also a prominent and active mem- ber of the Order of I. O O. F., of over fifteen years standing. CITY OF CONCORD. The City of Concord is the capital of Merrimack County and also the capital of the State of New Hampshire. It is 75 miles distant from Boston and 474 miles north-east of Washington. The city lies on the route of travel and commerce between Boston and Montreal, and Boston and the Far West, and hence has become a principal centre of the New England system of rail- roads. It has also a railroad connection with Portsmouth. The railroads entering here are the Concord Railroad, extending to Nashua and Boston ; the Boston, Concord and Montreal Rail- road, extending to Haverhill on the Connecticut, and to Montreal ; the Concord and Claremont Railroad ; the Portsmouth and Concord Railroad ; the Northern New Hampshire Railroad, extending to West Lebanon, on the Connecticut, and continued by the Vermont, New York and Canada Railroads to Rouse's Point, Montreal, Ogdensburg, Kingston, etc. In telling the story of the past and present of Concord, Mr. John N. McClintock, A. M.. editor and publisher of "the Granite Monthly, a New Hampshire magazine devoted to literature history and State progress," says that to-day Concord is one of the most charming cities in the world, and he knows pretty well what he is talking about, for he is a gentleman of close observance and extensive travel. In the Granite Monthly he has pictured the antique and the modern in and about Concord, and has entered so much into descriptive detail that his, account of the settlement and progress of the city is deserving of the student's close atten^ tion. The compiler of these lines acknowledges indebtedness to him for many interesting items which will be found crowded on these pages. " Within New England," he says, " Concord has few rivals, and no superiors in variety and extent of attractions and beauties. Within the city limits there is no quarter assigned to squalor and poverty. There are many cottages, but none so poor that attempts at beautifying are not made, flowers in the windows or in the garden, ivy or grape vines, bushes and shade trees, neat fences and paths, paint, whitewash and cleanliness, indicate the ambition of the occupants. A stranger looks in vain for the abode of wretchedness. Of course there is poverty, but it is covered by the mantle of charity. The church edifices of every denomination in the city are creditable to the zeal and piety of the members, several build- ings are elegant specimens of architecture, and compare favorably with any in the State. Its situation is far enough inland to escape the east wind of the coast ; its elevation is enough to render the air dry, bracing and salubrious. The Merrimack River flows through the city, and is joined in its course by the important tributaries, the Contoocook, Soucook and Turkey River, and many small brooks. The Merrimack is boi'dered by broad intervales, bounded by older river-terraces, on one of which is located the village, the precinct, or the city. This beautiful river is restless in its flow to the sea, and is constantly wearing new channels. Great changes have occurred within the memory of men now living. Near the centre of the city's area cf sixty-four square miles, there is a miniature mountain known as Rattle Snake Hill, rising several hundred feet above the plain of the river, and composed of one mass of granite of excellent quality. From the lofty summit, almost the whole city is in view. At one's feet, like a broad blue ribbon, glides the Merrimack ; beyond is the steep bank which limits the Dark Plains ; while still farther away is Oak Hill and the Broken Ground and the Break of Day. Directly to the east is the village of East Concord, with its church, school-hoi:se, ward-house, and 179 180 CITY OF CONCORD. many private residences, which lose nothing in attractiveness by a close inspection. At the base of the hill, in the same direction, is a pile of buildings where the convicts of the State are employed in forwarding an important industry. Humanitarian ideas were carried out in the con- struction of the new State prison ; physical inconvenience and torture were not deemed an essen- tial part of a prisoner's punishment, and the health of the inmates was taken into consideration in accepting the plans. It is a model institution. A little farther to the south is Blossom-Hill Cemetery, a peaceful resting-place for the dead. The surface is undulating, and affords an opportunity for tasteful and artistic improvement ; and winding avenues, foot-paths, a little lake, and wide-spreading trees beautify the place. The forefathers of the town were buried in the old cemetery in the village, while the Catholics have consecrated ground to the north of Blos- som Hill. As one gazes toward the city, one after the other three trains of cars appear gliding towards the north : the one crosses the river to East Concord, passes the site of the Old Fort, and follows up the line of the canal by the ruined buttresses of the dam at Sewall's Falls, the other follows up the valley of the Merrimack, and crosses Sewall's Island, the station at Penacook, and that little island at the mouth of the Contoocook River, where stands a granite statue to commemorate the heroism of Hannah Dustin ; the third, after passing the village of West Con- cord, deflects to the west and south, passes the Mast Yard, and follows the valley of the Con- toocook. Nestling at the base of Rattlesnake, to the west, is a beautiful sheet of water, sur- rounded by high hills and quiet rural scenery, known from the days of yore as Long Pond, but lately dignified by the name of Penacook Lake. Three miles long, but narrow, its pure crystal water fed by springs beneath its surface, a hundred feet above the level of Main street, is the reservoir, which, by an elaborate system of water-works, supplies the city. Its overflow furnishes the power which has built up the flourishing village of West Concord, a hive of industry directed by one active brain. Here is a granite church, very attractive within and without ; numerous pleasant homes ; and, in the middle of the street, a horse-car station. If one but wait long enough, he can board an open car, and be propelled over the public highway, behind a steam-motor, to the northern limits of the city, to the village of Penacook on the banks of the Contoocook. The village overflows into the neighboring town of Boscawen, but the political division is only recognized on town-meeting days. Here are located factories, foundries, and mills, churches, school-houses, business blocks, and private residences, of a character to indicate the thrift and industry of the village ; yet it is nearly all the growth of the past two score years. On one's return to the city, he passes, at the base of Rattlesnake, numer- ous establishments where busy workmen fashion the granite quarried from the neighboring hill- side. To return to the summit, the view on every side is pleasing. Throughout the city are fine old farm-houses, shaded by overhanging elms, the growth of a hundred years or more, sur- rounded by orchards and fertile fields and pastures. The roads wind up and down the hills, and through shady glades where the sun is screened at mid-day. Large barns indicate great crops, and testify that the owners are " well-to-do." Beyond the limits of the city, on every hand, are the hills and mountains for which New Hampshire is celebrated. All around the horizon they loom up, and by the aid of a map can be easily distinguished. Here, sometime in the future, will be built a grand hotel. The Intervale Lands of the Merrimack are very fertile. Soon after entering Concord the Mer- rimack passes over Sewall's Falls, and thence has no natural obstruction until it reaches the Falls at the south-east extremity of the city, where is a vast water power. Locks are here con- structed, and boat navigation secured. The river here is about 100 yards wide, but during freshets the water rises twenty feet above the ordinary level, presenting to the eye a body of water a mile wide. There are handsome bridges spanning the river. Long before the white man with his "civilizing influences," penetrated this region, the place bore the name of Pena- cook, and it was the happy hunting ground of the Penacook Indians, who built over the river, at Sugar Ball, a fort, to protect themselves against their enemies, the Mohawks. Here the Pena- cooks and Mohawks had a fierce and sanguinary struggle, and then those who survived the con- flict were attacked by a plague which was more destructive than the tomahawk. For nearly a century the district of Concord was claimed to be within the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts Bay Colony ; and within a few years after the first coast settlements were made, it was granted to enterprising citizens of Salem. As the conditions were not fulfilled, it reverted CITY OF CONCORD. 181 to the colony. New Hampshire disputed the right of the Bay State Colony to Penacook, and both States granted the township one under the name of Penacook, and the other under the appellation of Bow to settlers. The sons of settlers from Andover and other towns in Massa- chusetts were the first to arrive on the ground. They, however, found some Scotch-Irish Pres- byterians in possession, who, on being warned to depart, departed. Being a frontier post, the new settlers, who called the place Rumford, had a lively time with the Indians, against whom they had to build garrison houses. Some of the buildings put up by these settlers, who took possession on January 17, 1725, are still standing. They were God-fearing but brave men, and they were headed by a fighting parson, who had the best gun in the parish. His gun he took THE COURT HOUSE. with him into the pulpit, while he prayed for his enemies, and his congregation were at all times armed to the teeth. If men went to work in the fields they were protected by armed escorts, for the Indians had once pounced upon five of the settlers when at work and scalped them. When the dispute as to the boundary line between Massachusetts and New Hampshire had been terminated by the decision of the King of England, Rumford, in 1765, changed its name to Concord. In the French wars and in the Revolutionary struggle, and notably in the engagements at Bunker Hill and Bennington, the Concord men were equal to the emergency. During the Rev- olution the seat of the government for the State of New Hampshire was at Exeter, but at its 132 CITY OF CONCORD. close Concord became the favorite meeting place for the legislators, and for many years the old North Church was the Capitol of the State. The State House is on Main street, in the heart of the city, is a fine, attractive building of hewn granite. The body of the building is of dark surface granite, and was erected in CONCORD DEPOT. 1816 to 1819, at a cost of #8o,oco. It is 126 feet in length, 49 feet in width, and with a projec- tion in the centre of 4 feet on each front. Since the war of the Rebellion the elegant Doric facade has been built of the finest granite from the Rattlesnake quarries. Within, the rotunda is embellished by the tattered flags of New Hampshire regiments, borne on a hundred Southern battle-fields ; the council chamber has on its walls the portraits of all the governors since the organization of the State ; the State library has a collection of portraits of the chief-justices, an excellent law-library for reference, and a large miscellaneous collection of books ; the represen- tatives' hall has life sized portraits of Washington, Webster, Pierce, and John P. Hale ; the sen- ate chamber has the portraits of the presiding officers of that body ; while throughout the build- ing are hung portraits of scholars, soldiers and statesmen who have honored their native State. The State-house Square, or "yard," is adorned by many noble trees one on the north side planted to commemorate the visit of Lafayette and is traversed by paths for the accommoda- tion of the public. It is surrounded by an iron fence, and has a fountain within it. An appro- priate statue of Daniel Webster, the gift to his native State of Benjamin S. Cheney, a generous citizen of Massachusetts, stands immediately in front of the main entrance to the building. The land occupied by the State House originally belonged to Peter Green. In 1803 a society of Friends was gathered, who built a meeting-house on the site of the State House. It was moved, to make room for the Capitol, to a lot north of the old cemetery, where it still stands, now a dwelling-house. The yard had originally a wall of cut stone on the north and south sides, and an iron fence in front and rear. The original settlers laid out this wide and beautiful thoroughfare substantially as it is to-day. The street was originally ten rods wide ; but in the course of time the abutting owners were allowed to encroach two rods on each side, reducing the width to six rods. Pedestrians claimed the middle of the street, and forced teams to take the outside. Sidewalks were then unknown. The streets were not named until 1834. Through this thoroughfare passed the traffic of the whole north country ; and from here radiated a system of turnpikes, commanding commerce in erery direction. In those early days, six and eight horse teams were numerous, and on each CITY OF CONCORD. 183 side of the street were taverns for the accommodation of man and beast. Then a system of canals was devised. The old Middlesex Canal connected Charles River with the Merrimack above Pautucket Falls ; thence, by a series of locks, by the rapids and falls, canal boats were propelled to the lower landing at the south end of Main street. Concord was at the head of THE STATE HOUSE. navigation; but the railroad spoiled the business of the steamboat, the canal boat, the stage coach, and the eight horse teams. The first white settlers of Concord formed a sort of close corporation, for their charter "for- bade the disposal of lots in the town to strangers, more especially to a parcel of Irish people ;" and " to be respectable a man was expected to own a horse, and his interest was graduated by the amount of his real estate." The settlers were mostly of the orthodox faith, and what few dissenters there were, were "mild Quakers." For more than half a century Rev. Timothy Walker ministered to the spiritual wants of the community. The people, however, were a very hospitable class, and the prohibition affecting "a parcel of Irish people," and all peoples, became a dead letter, and open-handed welcome was extended to all new settlers. " Hither from Woburn came handsome young Thompson to teach school. He was a favor- ite in society, and won the regard of the Provincial Governor, a high rank in the military, the love of the minister's beautiful daughter, the widow Rolfe, and the envy and jealousy of the vil- lage swains. In after years he became distinguished in European politics, and when raised to the ranks of the nobility commemorated in his title the old name of the town, and was known as 1S4 CITY OF CONCORD. Count Rumford. Count Rumford in scientific attainments became very distinguished ; and he will rank for all time as a benefactor of the human race. A bronze monument should be erected in the city, to perpetuate his memory. To the town in after years returned his only daughter, the countess, to avoid the pomps of foreign courts, and to pass her declining years amidst the familiar scenes of her childhood." One of the most attractive of the public buildings in the city is the Asylum for the Insane, a massive pile, standing majestically on an elevation, bordered by elms and oaks, in a park of NATIONAL STATE CAPITAL BANK BUILDING. great natural beauty. Both private benefactors and the State have been generous to this insti- tution, which is under the superintendence of Dr. Jesse P. Bancroft. The institution is as perfect as possible, and every care is exercised over the unfortunate inmates. Near the asylum grounds is the old Dodge mansion, now the Centennial Home for the aged. The old State prison, built of imperishable granite, is a monument of the past its interior converted into a voluntary boarding house ; its workshops utilized by artisans and machinists ; its high wall removed, and forming the underpinning of recently built houses. CITY OF CONCORD 185 At the foot cf Rattlesnake Hill is the new State prison a model institution where physical inconvenience and torture have been abolished. The city and county own together the City Hall and Court House, a building of pretentious architectural claims, which awaits the artist who can relieve its painful ugliness. It occupies a noble site, and some time it will reflect credit on the city and county. Near the State House, already described, is the Government Building, a fine, massive, four- story structure, facing on State street. It contains U. S. post-office, court house and pension office. The Board of Trade Building, the home of the Public Library, is a handsome four-story building mounted by a clock and bell tower. On the hill is the county jail the home of the high-sheriff of the county. Near the new cemetery is the enclosure of the Concord baseball club. On the plains on the east side are the Fair Grounds, lately leased to the State as a field for the annual muster of the State militia. Up towards Prospect Hill is the lot being converted 186 CITY OF CONCORD. into a public park, by a generous lady of the city, Mrs. Nathaniel White. Out on the Hop- kinton road, by the grand lot chosen by President Pierce as the site for a mansion, which he never built, by the Bradley Monument which commemorates the Indian massacre in colonial days, is St. Paul School, an institution which renders Concord celebrated throughout the country. The first library association in Concord was formed in 1798. The library is located in the Board of Trade Building. Last year's circulation was 35,000 volumes. The librarian is Daniel F. Secornb, and the trustees are Messrs. Wm. L. Foster, Charles R. Corning, Abial Rolfe, Joseph T. Clough, Paul R. Holden, James S. Norris and William W. Flint. The city's first meeting-house was of logs, forty feet long, and twenty-five feet wide, situ- ated on the site of the store of William P. Ford & Co. In the course of twenty years this was replaced by a frame structure at the north end. After a ministry of fifty-two years, Rev. Timothy Walker was succeeded by Rev. Israel Evans, who remained eight years with the church at Concord ; his successor being Rev. Dr. Asa McFarland, whose ordination was cele- brated by a ball at Stickney's Tavern, which stood on the vacant lot, north of the City Hall. The latter was followed by Rev. Dr. Nathaniel Bouton. Before and during Mr. McFarland's ministry, the town constituted the parish ; the salary was assessed, and collected as part of the town expenses under the name of the " pulpit tax." Under Mr. Walker's ministry, only two families are known to have separated from the parish. According to a new law of the State, the First Congregational Society was formed July 29, 1824; and Rev. Dr. Bouton was ordained the following year. In 1833 the West Congregational Church was formed ; in 1837, the South ; in 1842, the East all having been separated from the parent church. During the latter year the First Church built a new meeting-house on the present site, which was burned in 1873. The next year, 1874, the corner-stone of their present edifice was laid. Rev. F. D* Ayer, the fifth minister, was settled in 1867. In early days the Orthodox meeting-house, which stood on the site of the Walker school-house, was evidently the centre. Within it were held several sessions of the Legislature, the Constitutional Convention of 1791, and numerous forensic contests celebrated in the annals of the State. St. John's Roman Catholic Church, built at a cost of $75,000, is a splendid building erected under the care and pastorale of Very Rev. J. E. Barry, Vicar General. The other religious sects in the town have also their respec- tive places of worship, and these for the most part are fine, imposing edifices. There are adequate educational facilities in the city. The buildings are substantial, appro- priate, and of pleasing architecture ; and the teachers are carefully selected, well paid, and retained as long as efficient, unless tempted away by superior inducements. The fire department is thoroughly equipped and drilled, and from the Central Station responds promptly to the telegraphic alarm from every section of the precinct. There is a regular police and night watch, and in addition there is a large force of special police who are each paid $2.00 per day for actual service. The original charter of the city was adopted by the inhabitants March 10, 1853, and until 1880 the Mayor was elected annually. Since 1880 the Mayor has been elected for two years at each biennial election in November. Hon. Joseph Low, 1853 to 1854; Hon. Rufus Clement (died in office), 1855 ; Hon. John Abbott, 1855 to 1858 ; Hon. Moses T. Willard, 1859 to 1860; Hon. Moses Humphrey, 1861 to 1862 ; Hon. Benjamin F. Gale, 1863 to 1864 ; Hon. Moses Humphrey, 1865 ; Hon. John Abbott, 1866 to 1867 ; Hon. Lyman D. Stevens, 1868 to 1869 ; Hon. Abraham G. Jones, 1870 10*1871 ; Hon. John Kimball, 1872 to 1875; Hon. George A. Pillsbury, 1876 to 1877; Hon. Horace A. Brown, 1878 to 1880; Hon. George A. Cummings, 1880 to 1882 ; Hon. Edgar H. Woodman, 1883 to 1886; Hon. John E. Robertson, 1887 to 1889. The population of the city at the census of 1880 was 13,845 ; the present valuation of the city is $9,703,458.00; Gross tax assessed for the year, $167,525.52 ; Rebate to town school-districts, $8,530.69; Net tax, $158,994.83 ; Rate of taxation, $12 per 1,000 ; $1.50 per $1,000 additional for Union School- District ; $3.30 per $1,000 additional for Precinct Tax. The source of the water supply is Long Pond, a natural body of water containing 265 acres, situated about three miles and a half from the State House, and about 125 feet higher than Main street in front of the State House. Mode of supply, gravity. The works, which are owned by the city, were constructed in 1872, but additions have since been made. No separate construe- CITY OF CONCORD. 187 tion account has been kept. The works have cost about $425,000. Of this sum $393,000 was raised from the sale of bonds of the city : $350,000 of these bonds bear six per cent, interest, and the balance four per cent. The remainder of the cost of the works has been paid in part from the income, and in part by taxation. The demand for the water increases each year. New consumers in 1886 increased the revenues of the works some $1,600. It is evident that the time is not far distant when it will be necessary for the city to own all the water rights pertaining to the pond. The ownership of all those rights will add very materially to the usefulness of the works. The water can then be controlled so as best to supply the necessities of our citizens. The introduction of Long Pond water has undoubtedly been an important stimulus of the pros- perity and growth of the city. The number of births in the city in 1886 was 273, and the deaths numbered 221, or 15-78 per 1,000 of the population. Concord is noted for its manufactures of carriages, harness, axles, leather hose, the Blanch- ard churn, the Clapp traps, axe handles, birch-bark pictures, bricks, bedsteads, brooms, brushes, carriage-springs, cigars, crackers, confectionery, excelsior, flour, furniture, lumber, mackerel- kits, meal, ploughs, salve, saws, shoes, soap, stoves, toys, water-wheels, etc. The wholesale trade of Concord merchants includes books, stationery, flour, grain, groceries, aside from the manufactured articles, and extends all through central, western and northern New Hampshire and Vermont. The retail stores command a large business from neighboring towns, and large stocks in the various lines are carried. The most important is the home trade, however, for' thirteen thousand people consume much food, and wear many garments. There. are three well- patronized book-stores in town, several printing offices, two daily and five weekly newspapers, The Granite Monthly, and other publications. There are three national banks, three savings banks, and one private banking institution. Of the leading business establishments in the city. interesting details will be found in the following pages. 188 CITY OF CONCORD. National State Capital Hank, The leading hanking institution of Concord is the National State Capital Bank, chartered as a state bank in 1853, and re-organized under the national hanking laws in 1865. It has a capital of $200,- 000, a surplus of $75,000, and is officered as fol- lows, viz : President, L. Downing, Jr.; cashier, J. E. Fernald ; directors, L. Downing, Jr., James S. Norris, Hon. Lyman D. Stevens, Hon. J. Ev- retained the confidence of the public in a marked degree. Its safety deposit vaults connected with the bank are ample and are not excelled by any in the state. Under its present wise and con- servative management this bank is doing a large and safe business, all of its movements being marked by prudence, caution and honorable bus- iness methods, while it is generally recognized as one of those solid, ably conducted institutions NATIONAL STATE CAPITAL BANK BUILDING. erett Sargent, John H. Pearson, John F. Jones, Henry J. Crippen. The banking rooms of the institution are spacious and elegant, affording ample accommodation to the public and possess- ing every convenience for facilitating the business in hand. A general banking business is trans- acted, including the receiving of deposits, the discounting of approved commercial paper, the collection of drafts, and the dealing in all first- class securities. From the outset this bank has which reflect credit alike upon its officers and the community where its influence is felt. It is ever ready to lend aid and encouragement to every deserving enterprise for the promotion of the public good, and treats its depositors and patrons with the utmost liberality and consider- ation. Its executive officers are gentlemen with whom it is always a pleasure to do business. Prompt, obliging and efficient in all their deal- ings with the public, they are naturally popular, LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 189 and maintain the credit of the bank in both social, business and financial life. The president, Mr. Downing, is widely known as the honored head of the famous Abbott-Downing Co., of this city, and has long been foremost in every good work for the welfare and prospeiity of the com- munity. He is a native of New Hampshire, a trustee of the Loan and Trust Savings Bank of this city, and actively identified with other im- portant enterprises. The cashier, Mr. Fernald, is one of the most experienced financiers in the state, trained in the banking business from his youth up, and, although still a young man, his opinions are of weight in monetary circles. The board of directors comprises much of the solid business element of the city. Loan and Trust Savings Bank. With such diverse and important interests represented within her borders it may be inferred that ample banking facilities are not lacking in the old city of Concord. Oue of the fully tried, substantial and trusted fiscal institutions in the city is the Loan and Trust .Savings Bank. No better in- dorsement can be possessed by an institution of this kiud than a long and honorable record, while, as will be shown, it possesses even stronger claims upon popular favor. This bank was in- corporated under the la\v-of New Hampshire in 1872, and from first to last it has had a most suc- cessful career. The officers of the bank are: J. E. Sargent, president; J. S. Norris, vice-presi- dent; John F. Jones, treasurer, and Fred. N. L id i, teller. The trustees are: Messrs J. E. Sirgeut, L. D nvning, Jr., J. S. Norris, John F. Jones, Silas Curtis, John H. Barron, Howard A. DoMge, L. W. Cogswell, Paul R. Holden, Howard L. Porter and John M. Mitchell. The investment committee consists of Messrs. J. E. Sargent, J. S. Norris, L. Downing, Jr., Howard A. Dodge and Howard L. Porter. The condition of the bank at the close of business on the 28th day of May, 1837. was: Inabilities due depositors, $1,869,- 314.67; surplus, $105,94066; guaranty fund, $'JO.OOO.OO; total, $2,035/255.33. The resources of the bauk, including loans on real estate, per- sonal and collateral security, bonds, st-icks, cash in other banks, etc., stood as follows: Market value, 2,074,354.05; par value, $1,994.424.05; value on books, $2,035,255.33. The banking room-* are very eligibly situated in the fine archi- tectural structure, the National State Capital Bank Building, and are elegantly appointed and handsomely furnished throughout, every accom- modation being afforded f >r the reception of pa- trons. A general banking business in deposits and loans is conducted. The officials of the bank are noted for their courtesy and promptness in the dispatch of business, accommodating to their patrons and very popular with all who are brought into business relations with them. William B. Durgin, Silversmith, No. 11 School Street. The establishment of Mr. William B. Durgin, the well known silver- smith of this city, represents one of the most prominent institutions of the kind in the New England states. Its prominence has been ecured entirely by the indomitable energy and perseverance of the proprietor. The busi- ness was established by him in 1854, and has been conducted with marked ability and steadily increasing success. In 1884 Mr. Durgin took in as partner his only son, Geo. F. Durgin, who has been associated with him since in the business. The field now covered is an important one. The premises occupied comprise a three-story building, 40x75 feet in dimensions, and the facilities of the house for meeting every demand of the trade in- clude all the machinery and appliances known 10 the art of the silversmith. Mr. Durgin has with characteristic enterprise availed himself of every late and meritorious device for perfecting the operations of his house. The arrangements and conveniences are ample for the prosecution of a very extensive bu.-iness, and the reputation of the concern for the execution of work of a very high order of merit is excelled by no similar institu- tion in the country. A force of from sixty to seventy skilled hands are constantly employed, and only work of the best character is allowed to leave the place. One hundred and fifty thousand ounces of metal are used every year, and only solid goods are manufactured. A very heavy and valuable stock is constantly carried, and tie trade of the house extends to all parts of the United States. The display made in the handsome salesrooms of the house is worthy of the inspec- tion of connoisseur sin this line, as it is unequalled in this section of the country for beauty and originality of design and artistic workmanship. The goods are recognized as standard in all mar- kets of the country, and are supplied to the trade at fair and equitable prices. Mr. Dnrgin is a na- tive of Campton, N. H., trained in the art from his youth, and recognized as its accomplished ex- ponent and the leader in his line of enterprise. F. G. Davis, Groceries, Flour, Grain, Teas, Coffees, etc., No. 12 Pleasant Street. One of the most popular and best stocked grocery establish- ments in the city of Concord is that of Mr. F. G. Davis. Mr. Davis was born in this state in 1861, and after a long and active practical experience in this line of trade established himself in busi- ness, in partnership with Mr. Bartlett in 1885, under the fiim title of Bartletf & Davis. Mr. B. withdrew from the firm in 1886 and Mr. Davis became sole proprietor, since which date the busi- ness has been conducted under the present style. The premises occupied are spacious and con- venient, comprising a store room and basement, each 20x70 feet in dimensions, and are appropri- ately fitted up with every convenience lor the display of goods and transaction of business, and contain a full and choice assortment of staple and fancy groceries of every description, including new crop Oolong, Japan, English breakfast, young Hyson and other teas ; also coffees frrm Rio, Mocha and Java, tropical and domestic fruits, spices, condiments, a carefully selected stock of hermetically sealed goods in tin and glass, provisions, pure and sweet creamery butler, cheese and other products of the farm and dam ; also select brands of flour, buckwheat and rye flour, yellow and white bolted and unbolted corn meal, oatmeal, hay, straw, mill feed, such as bran, shorts, etc., in phort everything almost in the line of food products for man or beast. Po- lite and courteous assistants serve customers promptly, and orders are delivered at residences throughout the city by wagon free of charge. 190 CITY OF CONCORD. The First National Bank, of Concord, N. II. The First National Bank of Concord 13 one of the strongest and most prosperous fiduciary institutions iu New England, and from its incep- tion has had uninterrupted success, and passed unshaken through all seasons of financial de- pression. It has ever afforded a strong support to all local enterprises of a legitimate character, its policy being marked with liberality toward commercial, manufacturing, and other interests calculated to promote the material growth of the city. The bank was organized in March, 1864, and from the outset has retained the confidence of the public in a marked manner. Its condition has been one of constant development, and its affairs are now in a gratifyingly prosperous state, its capital being $150,000, and its surplus the same amount. Following is its report up to August 1, 1887: Resources: loans and discounts, $538,635.57; overdrafts, $503.59; United States bonds, 201,000 ; other stocks and bonds, $191,- 547.50: due from reserve agents and other "Na- tional banks, $163,567.12; premiums paid, $9,- 820.52; banking-house, $10,000; legal tender notes, specie, and cash items, $78,200.88; five per cent, fund with U. S. treasurer, $2,250 ; total $1,195,525.18. Liabilities: capital stock, $150,- 000 ; surplus fund, $150,000 ; undivided profits, $57.198.81; dividends unpaid, $1,752; national bank notes outstanding, $45,000; deposits, $791,- 574.37; total, $1,195,525.18. A general banking business is transacted, including the receiving of deposits, negotiation of loans and discounts, mak- ing collections, dealing in local and government securities, issuing circular and commercial letters of credit, and dealing in foreign exchange and all first-class securities. The bank has excellent cor- respondents, the principal ones being, the Ninth Nitioual bank of New York, and the Revere Na- tional, Maverick National and First National banks of Boston. The officers of the bank are: presi- dent, \Vm. F. Thayer ; cashier, C. G. Remick ; assistant cashier, Wm. A. Stone, Jr. Mr. Thayer, who is a native of Kingston, N. H., has resided in Concord since his seventeenth year, since which period he has become most prominently identified with the best interests of the place. He entered the First National bank of Concord as a clerk and by superior ability soon won prompt promotion. In 1873 he was appointed assistant cashier,* in the following year was made cashier, a position he retained until January, 1885, when he was elected to the presidency, and it is due much to his executive powers that the bank has advanced so rapidly to its present substantial and influential condition. Mr. Thayer is clerk and ' director in the Contoocook Valley Paper Com- pany ; director, clerk, and treasurer of the Con- cord Cattle Co.; director iu the Lombard Investment Co. ; director in the Johnson Loan and Trust Co. ; treasurer of the city of Concord since 1879 ; treasurer of the Concord Hospital Association; and is interested in other corporations and associations. The cashier. Mr. Remick, who has been connected with the insti- tution since 1874,. was born in Pittsfield, N. H., and has been a resident of Concord since 1863. He possesses sound judgment and ability of a high order, is a gentleman of sterling worth of character. The assistant cashier, Mr. Stone, a native of Massachusetts, has been connected with the First National for the past ten years, has ever performed his duties with creditable efficiency, and is a highly popular member of the commun- ity- W. P. Underbill & Co., Druggists, No. 132 North Main Street. This establishment was originally founded in 1840 by Messrs. E. H. Rol- lins, who, in 1870, was succeeded by Messrs. Cone & Everett. In 1874 the style of the house became W. P. Underbill & Co., Mr. Underbill's partners then being Messrs. George F. Underbill and Perry Kittredge. In 1884 these two gentle- men retired, and Mr. W. P. Underbill then formed a partnership with Mr. L. H. Piper, a partnership that has ever since existed. Mr. Underbill, who has been twenty years in the business, was born at Milville, Mass., and was raised in New Hampshire. Mr. Piper is a native of Concord, and has been connected with the drug trade for ten yeais. Both gentlemen are regis- tered druggists and members of the New Hamp- shire Pharmaceutical Association. They have a handsome store, 25x75 feet in dimensions. It is elegant in its fittings and appointments, which embrace the finest soda water fountain in the state, which was made to order for the firm by Tuft of Boston. It is ten feet high and has twenty-two syrup, two soda and five mineral fau- cets. The stock consists of a large and carefully selected assortment of the purest and freshest drugs and chemicals, proprietary medicines* 1 of merit, fancy toilet articles, perfumery, soaps, mineral waters of foreign and domestic produc- tion, druggists' sundries, etc. Prompt and care- ful attention is given to the compounding of pre- scriptions and family recipes, and the firm man- ufacture Cone's Cordial, Cone's Cough Syrup, Cone's Condition Powders, Mardin's Bitters, and pure extracts for the jobbing trade. Four assist- ants are employed. He also keeps a fine assort- ment of holiday goods, such as toilet sets, dress- ing cases, manicure sets, smoker's sets, cigar cases, collar and cuff boxes, whist broom cases, English, French and Japanese goods of every description. Also agents for the genuine Cuban cigars, manufactured by S. Schendel & Co. They also have hot soda, hot beef tea, chocolate and coffee, all winter. ( 'lias. W. Clarke Fine Shoes, Woodward Building. Mr. Charles W. Clarke has been estab- lished in the city of Concord since 1867, and now occupies a store that has an area of 25x75 feet. It is tastefully fitted up and provided with every convenience for business purposes. Mr. Clarke, who is one of the oldest boot jind shoe dealers in the citv, is a thorough business man, and always has on sale a choice, well selected stock of fine and medium grade go ds which he has selected expressly for a fastidious custom. In the assortment will be found all the new beautiful styles made in accord with the fash- ionable ideas of the day for ladies', gentlemen's misses' and children's wear, and so large is the stock and so carefully is it selected that no one need haveany trouble finding just what they want, either in boots, shoes, rubbers or slippers. Mr. Clarke came to Concord from Townshend, Vt., his native place, in 1857. He is a prominent member of the Masonic fraternity. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 191 The New Hampshire Savings Bank, The oldest and leading institution of the kind ill Concord is the New Hampshire Savings Bank, which has been in successful operation since its incorporation in 18'iO. The officers, who are among Concord's stauuchest citizens, well known and esteemed in commercial, social and financial circles, are Samuel S. Kimball, president; Win. P. Fiske, treasurer; with the following trustees, viz : Joseph B. Walker, Enoch Gerrish, Jesse P. Bancroft, John H. Stewart, Samuel S. Kim- ball, Oliver Pillsbury, Sylvester Dana, M. H. Bradley, George H Marston, P. B. Cogswell, Mark R. Holt, William G. Carter, Charles T. Page, John C. Thorue, John H. George, Samuel C. Eastman, Henry McFarland, John C. Ordway. Being conducted on fixed business principles, and its management being characterized by sound judgment, ability and integrity, coupled with jndicious investments and vigilance, it has from the first steadily increased its hold on popular favor and public confidence, while its excellent condition, as shown below, places this flourishing institution and its officers and managers far be- yond the requirements of any need of praise which these pages can bestow. From the state- ment of its condition made July 16, 1887, we ex- tract the following figures, viz : Due depositors, $2,871,736.37 ; surplus, $166,037.84 ; guaranty fund, $150, UUO ; premium on stocks and bonds, $217,282. In 1885 the bank began the erection of anew building, which was completed in 1887, and is the finest business structure in the city. It is built of brick, contains four floors and a basement, and is 47x85 feet in dimensions. The banking rooms are elegantly fitted up, and are provided with the Datuon Safe and Lock Go's, vaults and safes. The president, Mr. Kimball, is a native of Concord, and has filled his present po- sition with honor to himself and entire satisfac- tion to the patrons of the bank since 1874. The treasurer, Mr. Fiske, was born in Concord Dec. 3, 1853, educated in the public schools l retail trade they are conducting. Mr. Smith, who was born at Cornish, in this state, came to Concord in 1817. He is a popular, prominent, useful, efficient member of the Board of Aldermen. Mr. Walker is from Massachusetts and has been a resident of Concord since 1844. He is an ex -mem her of the City Council. Both these gentlemen stand high as cit'zens, and are widely known and esteemed. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 193 Mead, Mason & Co., Contractors, Build- ers and Manufacturers, Builders' Supplies, etc. One of the principal industrial establishments of this place is that of Messrs. Mead, Mason & Co., contractors and builders, and proprietors of the Union Steam Mills, etc., and who have long been most prominently identified with the growth and development of the best interests of the com- munity, and have contributed most valuable aid in advancing the general prosperity. The busi- ness was originally founded in 1847 by Messrs. C. E. Mead and W. G. M'ison, and conducted under their joint control until 1857, when N. J. Mead en- tered the firm and under the same name they pros- ecuted the business till 1884, when ill health com- pelled the withdrawal of N. J. Mead, and E. C. Mead and W. M. Mason were admitted to partner- ship. From the inception of the enterprise it was attended by marked success, the superiority of the products of the establishment and the artistic character of all work performed rapidly spreading its reputation and serving 1o quickly increase the volume of business transactions. Thus has intelli- gent application and honorable effort been re- warded. Theplantofthefirmin this city comprises a three-story building 80x100 feet in dimensions, furnished with the most improved machinery, operated by a 100 horse power engine, and sup- plied with the most improved equipments for the satisfactory prosecution of the industry. The range of production embraces dressed lumber, builders' supplies, pulpits, pews, house furniture, church and public building specialties, which are turned out in immense quantities, and a very ex- tensive stock is at all times kept on hand to meet the demand. The firm's factory for the manufac- ture of house trim, furniture, doors, sash and blinds, located at Lebanon, N. H., was destroyed by fire the present year, the loss being $100,000, while the insurance amounted 1o but $10,000. This factory was the largest of its kind in New Eugl md, employing at the time of the fire 225 men. After the fire they immediately made con- tracts for fifty car loads of furniture with which to meet the fall trade; they opened a finishing shop at Lowell, making this a distributing point ; their salesman continued on the road without a break, and the jobbing trade, after a short delay, knew no difference in having its wants filled. They have leased a factory in Burlington (Win- ooski), having a capacity of 250 men, with which to fill their contracts for interior decoration. They now have contracts on hand for $80.000 worth of work for the New York market. This is, we think, the only concern of any magnitude who confine themselves to hard wood veneered doors, hard wood trim, side boards, mantle*, etc., for the New York market. A very large force of workmen is employed, the number averaging over five hundred, and their operations are guided with intelligence and system by the experi- enced heads of the house. Messrs. Mead , Mason & Co., make a leading specialty of church and pub- lic building specialties, in which field they occupy a foremost position in this country, and have performed much notable work in this line. They have doubtless put more seatings in New England churches than all other manufacturers com- bined. Prominent exemplications of their ability are to be found in the Central Park flat huilding, Valencia, located at 59th street and 7th avenue, New York, and which is one of the most elegant structures in the United States, and the largest apartment house in the world, having 2,000 rooms under one roof, They have also ex- ecuted splendid work in the State House, this city, the new Government building, the Congre- gational churches at Manchester, N. H.; Newton, Mass.; Arlington, Mass.; Somerville, Mass.; theM. E. church at Manchester, N. H.; the Boylston Street church, Boston, and scores of others too numerous for mention here. The trade of the house extends to all parts of New England, New York and adjoining states, and is of a most influ- ential character. Branches are located at Man- chester. N. H., No. 10 Canal street, Boston, and No. 320 Madison avenue, New York. The Messrs. Mead & Mason are liberal in all their business methods, are prompt and honorable in meeting engagements, and all contracts entered into with them are sure to result profitably and satisfactor- ily to all concerned. G. W. Wadleigh, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Millinery and Hair Goods, Also Manu- facturer of Human Hair Switches, No. 140 North Main Street, Opposite the Post-office. Mr. G. W. Wadleigh, wholesale and retail dealer in millinery and hair goods, is one of the oldest business men in the city, and has been engaged in this line since 1842 and has established a large trade and to-day he is recognized as the largest dealer in this special business in New England outside of Boston. The elegantly appointed store is 25x75 feet in dimensions, and contains a lariie assort- ment of fine fashionable millinery made and trimmed in perfect accord with the prevailing styles of the day. Mr. Wadleigh is also doing a large business as a manufacturer of hair goods, and always has on sale and makes to order human hair, switches, wigs, ventilated seams, puffs, curls, coquettes, perfections, water waves, frizzes, weft, etc. The workmanship is not excelled and satisfaction is always guaranteed. He also by a new process makes hair combings into switches (roots all one way) for fifty cents per ounce, which he warrants to be fully equal to those made from cut hair. Hair goods are also cleaned, repaired, re-dressed and made to look like new. He also pays the highest cash value for human hair. Air. Wadleigh was born in this state. Augustine R. Ayers,Carpetings and Crock- ery, etc., No. 91 North Main Street. This busi- ness was founded by him in 1872, and fVom its inception at that date has always ei joyed a lib- eral and substantial patronage. The premises occupied comprise a store of two floors and base- ment each 25x100 feet in dimensions, handsomely finished and fitted up, and provided with all the modern appliances, and five polite and obliging assistants are employed. He carries a very heavy stock embracing body Brussels, Wilton, velvet and ingrain carpets, rugs, crockery of all descrip- tions, china, glass and silver plated ware, paper hangings, window shades, table cutlery, etc. These goods are all Al, designed to meet the re- quirements of a first-class irade. Mr. Ayers is a native of Canterbury, in this state, and has resided here since 1867. He is prominently identified with the Order of Odd Fellows and the Capital Grangers. 194 CITY OF CONCORD. Crippen, Lawrence & Co., Kansas Mort- gages. National State Capital Bank Building, 37 North Main. No securities, except government bonds, have been attended with so small a percent- age of loss, and no securities in the financial world paying the same rate of interest have yet been found to give as much satisfaction as a well placed western farm mortgage, negotiated and guaranteed by a reliable firm. Of the sixty-seven saving banks in New Hampshire, with deposits amounting to $42,091,596, over $10,000,000 of this entire amount is now invested in western farm mortgages. In. 1884 the state commissioners in their annual report said that they had been unable to discover in all these loans, any loss thus far to the several banks, either on account of payment of principal or interest. The rate now averages 6| per cent., and is promptly paid when due. Since 1873, Messrs. Crippen, Lawrence & Co. have been engaged in dealing in Kansas mortgages and other investments and have built up an immense business. The founders of the firm were Messrs. H. J. Crippen, J. J. Crippen and George E. Lawrence. The latter died in 1881, and the Messrs. Crippen have since continued the business under the original style of the firm. Mr. J. J. Crippen is in charge of the firm's office in Salina, Kan., while Mr. H. J. Crippeu manages the eastern office, which is located in the National State Capital Bank Building, in this city. The follow- ing interesting account of the life this gentleman is taken from a local publication, and will be read with interest : Henry J. Crippen, the son of Henry and Elizabeth (Stockwell) Crippen, was born in Canterbury, England, from which place the family migrated to this country when he was five years old. His ancestry on the father's side were of French descent, and on the mother's of the old Anglo-Saxon stock. After a brief resi- dence in Maine, the family removed to Boston, and remained in that city and vicinity for about seven years, then moved to Grafton, Mass., where the parents now reside. Henry's early education was received at the public schools of Boston, which, by permission of the committe, he con- tinned to attend for several years while residing outside the limits of the city. At the time of his removal to Grafton the town had no high school, and finding himself in advance of the district school he decided to go to work. Grafton was a shoe manufacturing town, and at the age of thirteen he learned the shoemaker's trade, and worked on the bench for three years. Having saved the greater part of his earnings he resolved to obtain a liberal education, and with that end in view became a student in the New London (N. H.) academy. He graduated from that insti- tution in 1857, and was the valedictorian of his class. In the same year he entered the freshman class of Dartmouth college. Here he took the regular academic course, and graduated in 1861, and was class poet. He paid his expenses at New London and in college by teaching during the winters, and one spring and two fall terms ; but, notwithstanding these interruptions, he graduated among the first scholars in his class. He taught his first school in Hopkinton, N. H., when sixteen years old. After graduating from college he taught for two terms at Upton, Mass., and in March, 1862, came to Concord, and com- menced the study of law with Henry P. Rolte r and later studied with Auson S. Marshall. In September, 1862, he entered a competitive exam- ination for the position of assistant teacher in the high school, and was the successful candidate. At that time the principal of the high school was also superintendent of schools, so that a large part of the work devolved on the assistant. The following year that arrangement was discon- tinued, and Mr. Crippen was elected as principal of the Merrimack grammar school, which place he resigned in March, 1865, to accept a position in the office of the state treasurer, an office then filled by Hon. Peter feanborn. In 1869 he re- ceived the appointment of clerk of the joint com- mittee of the U. S. house of representatives and senate on retrenchment, and the following year was appointed clerk of the senate committee on the District of Columbia, which office he resigned in 1872, when he was chosen cashier of the National State Capital Bank, of Concord. About this time he commenced investing for personal friends in Western mortgages, but so satisfactory and suc- cessful were those investments that what was commenced as a matter of accommodation soon grew into a large business, and the firm of Crip- pen, Lawrence & Co. was formed, having offices at Concord, N. H., and Salina, Kansas. In 1881 Mr. George E. Lawrence, who had charge of the Concord office died, and Mr. Crippen resigned his position as cashier in order to give his whole tim to the business of the firm. Under his manage- ment the business has grown to large proportions, and the investments of the firm are held by nearly all of the savings banks of the state, and by private investors throughout New England, and even as far off as California and Florida. The firm has recently extended its business to Eng- land, and has received some large orders from that country. They have also an office in the city of Denver, Colorado, and, from this point the firm transacted a very important business. Mr. Crippen is thoroughly reliable, safe, and con- servative, possessing excellent business qualities, good judgment, and sound common sense. He is an earnest thinker, and has made the sub- ject of finance a constant study. In business matters he takes broad, comprehensive views, while his practical acquaintance with bank- ing and his thorough knowledge of details are of great assistance in determining the method of carrying out of his plans. Mr. Crippen is popular, not only with business men, but with educators also. He has never lost his interest in educational matters, and has served continuously on the board of education since 1870, and is now its president. He favors practical rather than ornamental education, as very many improve- ments and advancements can be attributed to him. He has never been a candidate for political office, but is largely interested in the business, educational, and charitable organizations of the city. He is a ready, concise, and effective speaker and writer. He has definite views and decided opinions, which he expresses clearly and forcible. In politics he is a Republican ; he is not a member of any church, but attends the Unitarian. He was married September 30, 1868, to Susan J., daughter of Col. Peter San- born. Their union has been blessed by two- daughters. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 195 Ford & Kimball, Car Wheels, Brass and Iron Founders. Among the various interests which diversify the industries of Concord, none deserves more prominent notice in this review than the manufacture of car wheels as carried on by Messrs. Ford & Kimball, the well-known brass and ircn founders of this city. The members of this firm are Messrs. T. H. Ford and B. A. Kim- ball. Mr. Ford waa born in Sanbonton, N. H., sixty-seven years ago. He learned the forging trade in 1839, and was for five years in the em- ploy of the U. S. Navy at Boston. In 1846 he came to this city, and for the past forty years has been actively and prominently engaged in his present business. Mr. Kimball is a native of this state, fifty-four years of age, and was eight years master mechanic of the Concord railroad. He has been engaged in his present business for the past twenty- one years, seven of which as a mem- ber of the present firm. The plant of this firm covers an area of 300x400 feet, situated on the line of the railroad, and comprises a foundry measuring 65x225 feet; two pattern shops 2f x50 feet, two stories each ; a brass shop 25x40 feet, and a general cleaning shop 30x175 feet. The cupola of the foundry has a capacity of ten tons, and twenty car wheels are cast, on the average, per day. The motive power is furnished by a 50 horse power engine and boiler, and employment is given to from fifty to sixty skilled hands. The car wheels produced by this responsible house are made from the firm's own patterns and de- signs, and are considered as standard the country over, being unsurpassed for strength, durability and reliable workmanship by those of any rival concern in this or any other country. Plans, spe- cifications and estimates are promptly furnished for general brass and iron foundry work, and no pains or skill is spared to fulfill the expectations of patrons. C. H. Martin & Co., Wholesale and Re- tail Dealers in Drugs, Medicines, Paints, Oils, etc., Nos. 11 and 13 North Main Street, Near Pleasant Street. For forty-five years this has been one of the most noted store houses for drugs, medicines, paints, oils, etc., in Concord, and its popularity and trade have increased with the lapse of years. The founders of the enterprise were Messrs. Allison & Brown, who began business in 1840 at the present stand. Later the firm style was changed to Brown & Morgan, and in 1867 Messrs. C. H. Martin & Co. became the proprietors. The copartners then were Mr. C. H. Martin and Mr. R. T. Crowell, and in 1877 Mr. George L. Brown, who hud been a clerk in the house for some years, became a partner. All the members of the firm are natives of New Hampshire, experienced and registered druggists and members of the New Hampshire Pharmaceutical Society. Their store, which is finely fitted up with every necessary requisite for pharmaceutical operations, both in the wholesale and retail lines, in both of which a valuable trade is carried on, has a frontage of 30 feet and a depth of 80 feet. A very large stock is carried, embracing all the supplies usually found in a first-class and extensive drug store, pure, fresh drugs and chemicals, patent medicines and remedies of every kind, surgical and medical appliances, and a fine assortment of staple and fancy toilet articles and choice per- fumery, and also a large department devoted to the trade in paints, oils, etc. The special feature of the business is that of compounding physi- cians' prescriptions and family recipes, and in this department the utmost care and accuracy are exercised, and the freshest and purest drugs only employed. Frank E. Heath, Upholstered Furniture and Draperies, No. 109 North Main Street. A very recent and important addition to the mer- cantile industries of Concord, is the enterprise established by Mr. Frank E. Heath, and centrally located in the Opera House Block, No. 109 N. Main street. Mr. Heath brings long experience to bear in the business, he having been a clerk for eight years in a furniture establishment, and for two years was bookkeeper for the well-known house of Young Bros. He occupies a fine store 25x75 feet in dimensions, handsomely finished and admirably arranged for the advantageous dis- play of his fine stock. Neatness, order and sys- tem are noticeable features of the establishment. Two polite and efficient assistants aid the pro- prietor in attending to his many customers, and popular prices prevail. He carries a heavy and full line of furniture, embracing elegantly uphol- stered parlor suits, bed-room and dining-room sets, sofas, lounges, wardrobes, chairs, rockers, rockers, desks, in short everything in this line from the common kitchen table to the most elab- orate piece of drawing room furniture, together with a full line of draperies. He makes a spe- cialty of manufacturing hair mattresses to order, he also repairs furniture neatly, promptly and on moderate terms. We would commend this house to any of our readers contemplating the purchase of furniture to call and inspect this stock before purchasing elsewhere. Mr. Heath is a native of Somerville, Mass., but came to this city thirty years ago, when six years of age. He is an en- terprising and progressive business man, prompt and reliable in all his dealings, and highly re- spected and esteemed by all with whom he has business or social relations. He is a member of the Concord Fire Department. Crawford & Stockbridge, Book Binders, Papers Rulers, and Blank Book Manufacturers. The leading book binders in this city is that of Messrs. Crawford & Stockbridge. An inspection of the work produced by these gentlemen reveals the fact that in beauty and design, and excel- lence of finish, it will compare favorably with that of any similar establishment in the United States. Both gentlemen bring long practical ex- perience to bear, Mr. Crawford of fifty and Mr. Stockbridge of forty years, and as they employ none but skilled assistants, and use nothing but the finest of material, and personally superintend every detail of the work, the result is a product as near perfect as can be. They occupy a floor 20x70 feet in dimensions, finely fitted up, well lighted, and provided with all the latest and most approved appliances pertaining to book binding, jiaper ruling and blank book manufacturing ; they give constant employment to eight skilled assistants. The individual members of the firm are Mr. F. S. Crawford, a native of New York City, but raised in this city, and Mr. E. A. Stock- bridge, born in Yarmouth, Maine. CITY OF CONCOBD. Holt Brothers, Manufacturer of Concord Wheels. A careful review of the business inter- ests of Concord develops the existence of a class of houses in every respect prepared to compete, in the several lines they represent, with the rival establishments of any city, and also some special enterprises which are unrivalled in their particular fields of industry. Belonging to the latter class is the hou-e of the Messrs. Holt Bros., manu- facturers of Concord wheels, plain wood hub, band hub and Sarven patent, also wheel stock and wagon wood work of every description. Their complete facilities, ample resources, and high commercial standing, and remarkable enterprise, are matters of which the city basevery reason to be proud. It is to such houses that the substantial growth of Concord during the past quarter of a century has been largely due. This is the largest concern of the kind in New England, has a reputation of the most enviable character, and a trade that extends to all parts of the United States. The business was founded in 1870 by the present firm, who brought thorough practical experience to bear in their operations, coupled with intelligent and executive ability of a high order, and their success has been the deserved reward of honorable ambition, and well-directed effort. The factory isa superior three-story brick building 55x150 feet in dimensions, fully equipped with all modern tools, machinery and appliances necessary for the required purposes. The machi- nery is operated by an 80 horse power steam engine and employment is given from thirty to forty experienced workmen. A two story frame build- ing 30x100 feet in area is used as a storage ware- house, and is filled with a large stock of the val- uable goods turned out from the factory. The Concord wheels and other specialties manufac- tured here are made from the best seasoned woods and reliable materials, are unsurpassed for qual- ity, strength.durability and general excellence,and are unsurpassed by any similar goods now in the market. All orders meet with prompt fulfilment, while satisfaction as to value of goods is guaran- teed in every instance. The members of the firm are, Messrs. Charles H., Benjamin and A. F. Holt, the former of whom is a native of Stockton, Cal., and the latter of San Francisco. Their specialty is the manufacturing horse cars and harvesting machine wheels and they carry a stock of these specialties. Their headquarters are at San Francisco, where they have a large wholesale house, and are universally respected for their sound business principles and sterling probity. They are representative business men in every respect, and are held in the highest regard as most valuable members of the community. Munns & Paige, Practical Steam and Gas Fitters; Also, Dealers in Plain, Galvanized and Brass Pipe, etc., Old Post-Office, School Street. In these later days, especially in crowded com- munities, the plumber has become in the highest degree essential to our health and comfort; there- fore, it may not be out of place if we refer our readers to one of the leading houses of this kind in Concord. We refer to that of Messrs. Munns & Paige, whose store and office is located in the old post-office on School street. This a very old stand, having been originally established in 1864 by Mr. John Eaves, the present firm succeeding in 1880. They occupy a fine store 20x75 feet in dimensions, neatly finished and fitted up, and stocked with as fine an assorlment of plumbers' and gas fitters' supplies as will be found anywhere in this city. They carry at all times plain, gal- vanized and brass pipe and fittings of all descrip- tions, gas fixtures of all kinds, sheet lead and lead pipe, water-closets, wash bowls and urinals, cop- per baths and sinks, brass works, plated faucets, in short,everything that a plumber, gas or steam fitter could possibly need in the prosecution of his business. They are also agents for Gold's Low Pressure Self Eegulating Steam Apparatus, which can be fitted for hotels, schools and dwell- ing houses in the best manner and at moderate prices. Besides the above they are agents for the Imperial Gas Machine. They are prepared at all times to make estimates and enter into contracts for furnishing buildings of any kind with their water, gas, steam or sewerage connections, and have the facilities for executing the same promptly, however large they may be. In sanitaiy plumb- ing, the specialty of the house, on the proper per- formance of which so much of the health and comfort of the community depends, an experience of almost a life time should certainly be an ele- ment to inspire confidence. Such an experience have these gentlemen, both of them having been brought up in the business, and thoroughly un- derstanding it in its every branch. The trade is large, extending throughout the city and countyj requiring the cervices of six experienced mechan- ics to meet its demands, and at times many more. The individual members of the firm are, Mr. James Munns, a native of England, whence he came to this city in 1871, and Mr. E. F. Paige, who was born in Concord. They are active and enterprising business men, thorough mechanics, untiring in their efforts to please their patrons, and are justly entitled to the success that has thus far attended their well-directed efforts. J. H. Ballard, Insurance Agent, Nearly Opposite the Post-Office. Among the leading in- surance agents of Concord is Mr. J. H. Ballard, a gentleman who has spent twelve years of his life in this important department of our business in- terests. His thorough knowledge of fire insur- ance has made him an authority on the subject, and he is considered as one of the best informed and most able underwriters in this portion of the state. Mr. Ballard is a native of this state, and has been a resident of this city all his life. He inaugurated this enterprise on his own account at the present address in 1875. His office is located almost opposite the post-office, which is very neatly appointed. Among the many relia- ble fire insurance companies represented by Mr. Ballard, are 1he Capital Fire Insurance Co., of Concord ; the New Hampshire Fire Underwriters' Association of Concord, and the Manufacturers' and Merchants' Mutual Fire Insurance Co., of Concord. The sound financial standing and re- liability of these companies are too well known to require any words of commendation. Mr. Ballard is prepared also to plnce risks in any other sound and reliable New Hampshire com- pany to any amount on all insurable property and at the lowest possible rates. Mr. Ballard is one of our oldest residents and business men, and awake to the best interests of the city. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 197 Clapp & Co., Brass and Iron Founders, No. 8 Chandler Street. This is one of the principal concerns of (he kind in New England, and has been brought to its present high status and mag- nitude through the push and ability of the man- agement. The business was inaugurated in 1882, and its record from its inception has been one of steady progress. The works are comprised in a building having dimensions of 60x130 feet, also a pattern room of modern improvement 40x60 feet, three stories high. These buildings are equipped with the most improved machinery and appli- ances, operated by steam power, and every con- venience, appurtenance, and facility are possessed to aid in the prosecution of affairs. Enlargements of the present structure are in contemplation ow- ing to the increase of business. Employment is afforded a force of thirty experienced workmen. The range of production embraces foundry work of all kinds, railroad castings, etc. A specialty is made of the manufacture of sewer caps from the firm's own patent, also of street fountains. The trade is large, influential and constantly growing, and reaches to all parts of the United States. Prompt attention is given to orders re- ceived by mail or express, and correspondence is solicited. The members of the firm are, Messrs. Henry W. Clapp, H. W. Ranlett and Samuel S. Prescott. The practical man is Mr. Henry W. Clapp, who has had vast and valuable experience as an iron founder. Born in Eastern Massachu- setts July 4th, 1830, he, at the age of seventeen years entered upon the trade which he has since followed so successfully. He has lived in New Hampshire for the past forty years, has served as a member of the Board of Aldermen of this city, and in 1885 was elected a representative to the State Legislature. In every position held by him he has proved his fitness and ability. Sleeper & Hood, Merchant Tailors, No. 90 North Main Street. An old established and note- worthy firm engaged in this line in Concord is that of Sleeper & Hood, merchant tailors and outfitters, which for twenty-eight years has main- tained an enduring hold on public favor. This flourishing business was established in 1859 by Crichett & Sleeper, who conducted it up to 1886, when J. T. Sleeper became sole proprietor and as such continued until 1877, when he admitted into partnership William E. Hood, thus forming the pushing and prosperous firm whose name heads this sketch, and by whom the business has since been carried on with uninterrupted success. They occupy a neat and well ordered 25x80 foot store with shop attached down-stairs, and carry constantly on hand an exceedingly fine assort- ment of imported and domestic suitings, elegant woolen and worsted fabrics in the newest styles and most fashionable designs and patterns, cassi- mera, checks, cloths, meltons, cheviots, stripes, vestings, etc., also fine dress shirts, novelties in men's neckwear, under clothing, gloves, umbrel- las, and a complete line of gent's furnishing goods. From twenty to thirty skilled workmen are employed, including expert cutters, the whole number being necessary to meet the demands of their growing and important trade. Messrs. Sleeper & Hood both fully merit the lame meas- ure of popular favor and prosperity which they enjoy. J. B. Sanborn, Publisher, Bookseller and Stationer, Corner of North Main and Capitol Streets. Mr. Sanborn is one of the oldest resi- dents of this city and a native of this state. The business he now conducts was established about the year 1809, and after several changes the firm of B. W. Sanboru & Co. became proprie- tors in 1852, Mr. J. B. Sail born being the part- ner. The business was conducted with uninter- rupted success under that firm title until 1874 when Mr. B. W. Sanborn died. The present proprietor succeeded to his interest and has con- ducted the concern under the present name. The store is very spacious and commodious, having a frontage of twenty-five feet, with a depth of over three times that distance. The proprietor does a very extensive business as a publisher, and also keeps constantly on hand as complete a stock of books as can be found in the city or state, com- prising the leading standard legal works, revit-ed statutes of the state, also, history biography, sci- ence, theology, medical, prose and poetry, works of fiction by the most popular and standard authors, also all the latest publications from the most reliable publishing houses in Europe or America are to be found here as soon as placed upon the market. He also keeps a full line of educational and scriptural works, prayer and hymn books. His stock of stationery is most thorough and em- braces allvarieties of legal and commercial complete blanks, fine paper and envelopes, cards, inkn, pens, pencils and every article pertaining to the stationery trade, while his fancy goods are of the very latest and most popular productions. This house is in constant receipt of orders from all portions of the state. Mr. Sanborn is a well read and thoroughly educated gentleman with a perfect knowledge of the business. Kaiilet & Marsh, Coal, Wood and Ice, No. 4 Freight Street. Among the leading and best known firms engaged in this line in Concord is that of Ranlet & Marsh (successors to Ranlet & Prescott), dealers in coal, wood and ice, and no concern of the kind in town maintains a higher reputation, as few if any at all receive a larger measure of popular favor. This flourishing en- terprise started some forty odd years ago, and in 1856 came into the control of H.W. Ranlet & Co., who conducted the same up to 1874, when the style changed to Ranlet & Prescott, who carried on the business until 1882, when they were suc- ceeded by the pushing and prosperous firm whose name heads this sketch, by whom it has since been continued with uninterrupted success. The yard, which is ample and capacious, is connected by side track with the C. R. R. and well ordered in every respect, while M heavy and very superior stock is constantly carried on hand, including carefully screened and cleaned coal of the best quality and of every size and variety : also fire and kindling wood of all kinds in cord, sawed and split, and Horse Shoe pond ice; upwards of 3.000 tons of ice, G,000 tons of coal and 1.500 cords of wood being handled annually. Over twenty in help are employed, while eight coal carts and four ice- wagons are in regular service, supplying custom- ers all over the city and environs. The firm is composed of Messrs. H. W. Ranlet and H. O. Marsh, both natives of this state and residents of the city many years. 198 CITY OF CONCORD. Dickermaii, Leavitt & Co., Wholesale Grocers and Dealers in Flour, Grain, Feed, Pro- visions, Lime, Cement, etc., Bridge Street. In these modern days almost every conceivable article ot food is sold by the grocer, and upon the character of our grocery houses, therefore, depends to a great extent the value and purity of the Ibod supply of the whole country. It is ac- cordingly a pleasure to notice in our review of the business interests of Concord, the uprising of .such mercantile houses as that of Messrs. Dicker- man, Leavitt & Co., which has been established for the purpose of handling only the finest and purest food products, and these on terms to ensure the patronage and support of retail dealers generally. The firm was established during the present year only, and the progress it has made thus far has been of the most satisfactory and encouraging character. The individual members of the firm are Massrs. G. O. Dickerman, E. P. Leavitt and S. H. Dow. All these gentlemen are natives of New Hampshire and were reared in Concord. Mr. Dickerman wa3 for seventeen years traveling salesman for Briggs& Statheck, whole- sale grocers of Boston, and Mr. Leavitt was for ten years the road man for Moseby & Co., Hour dealers, of Concord. Mr. Dow is an ex- lumber merchant and capitalist. The firm occupy on Bridge street a four story building 75x125 feet in dimensions, and this is very neatly and appropriately fitted up for the business. The stock is a most extensive and varied one, and embraces everything classed in these modern days under the comprehensive term of staple and fancy groceries, flour otf the finest brands, grain, feed and all kinds of provisions, lime, cement, etc. Eight assistants are employed in the store and two traveling salesmen represent the firm among the retail grocery houses in all parts of New Hampshire and Vermont. The firm have every facility at hand for supplying their patrons promptly and satisfactorily and they have a bright and prosperous future, before them. Conant's Steam Laundry, No. 11 Depot Street. Not many years ago the public washing was all done by the laborious process of hand rubbing, the only agencies employed besides being a tub and washboard. All this is changed, and by labor-saving process, so that now nearly all work of the kind is sent out to be executed at some one of the many steam laundries in ex- istence. The representative laundry of Concord is the well-known Couant's Steam Laundry, of which Mr. H. E. Conant is the proprietor. This gentleman, who has had ten years practical ex- perience in the laundry business, founded his present enterprise in 1884, and since then he has built up a large and influential patronage. The business is carried on at No. 11 Depot street, and the first floor and basement are occupied. A floor in the building on the opposite side of the street, and which is connected by a bridge wilh the other premises spoken of, is also utilized. The works are equipped with all necessary appli- ances, which include two washing machines, one collar ironer, a shirt ironer and other machinery, all of which are operated by steam power. Employment is given to thirty -five hands, and a first-class business is being done. Delivery wagons are kept busy in calling for and deliver- ing goods at the residences of patrons, and the charges in all instances are fair and equitable. Mr. Conant is a native of Massachusetts and a War Veteran. From 1861 to 1865 he served as a member of the 21st Massachusetts Volunteers, with the 9th Army Corps under General Burnside, and was at Eoanoke Island to the finish of the campaign. He is now a member of the Sturte- vant Post No. 2, of the G. A. R., also of the Masonic Order and of the Odd Fellows (Society. He is widely known and very popular. E. H. Randall, Steam Heating, etc., Stickney Block, Main Street. No business re- quires a more thorough knowledge of details than that which relates to heating of buildings and dwellings by means of steam. Of late years much attention has been given to it by scientific men, and in our city Mr. Edward H. Randall, who has made the subject a study, and has had a longpractical experience, makes it a special busi- ness, and has achieved a well-earned reputation. He furnishes plans and specifications and esti- mates for heating dwellings, buildings, factories, stores, green-houses, etc., by low or high pressure, steam or hot water, supplies all the requisite pipes, boilers, etc., always guaranteeing to do the work in the most satisfactory mauner at a fair and reasonable price. Engines, boilers, steam pumps, are also furnished, set up and connected, and put up in operation by Mr. Eandall, who is also prompt in attending to repairing and jobbing. He also introduces water and gas into buildings and dwellings, and gives his personal attention to all work entrusted to him, and refers by permis- sion to the New Hampshire Bank Building, the Chase Block and many others in the city and vicinity. Mr. Randall was born in Rhode Island. He has had twenty-five years experience as a steam heating engineer and sanitary plumber and gas fitter, and has been located in Concord since 1878. Mr. Randall is very popular in the com- munity, and is a member of high standing in the Masonic fraternity. W. S. Baker, Fine Tailoring, No. 93 Main Street. A leading and representative house in the fine merchant tailoring line is that conducted by Mr. W. S. Baker. He established himself in busi- ness in 1875 with Mr. Woodward. This firm was dissolved in 1883, since which time he has con- ducted the business alone. Mr. Baker is a thorough artist in his profession, and has had seventeen years practical experience. He occupies a fine store 25x75 feet in dimensions, handsomely fin- ished and fitted up, and admirably arranged. His business is large and steadily increasing, requir- ing the services of thirty skilled hands to meet its demands. He carries a full line of cloths, cas- simeres, vestings and suitings of the latest and most desirable patterns, and some special patterns not to be found elsewhere. These goods are all the finest productions of French, English aud American looms. His trade is principally drawn from the best classes of society, who patronize him on account of the perfect manner in which all the garments turned out at this establishment are cut and finished, and for the moderate prices for which they may be had. Mr. Baker is a native of Wellsfleet, Mass., aud came to this city in 1874. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 199 Blaiicliard & Co., Manufacturers of Corn Meal and Wholesale Dealers in Flour, Grain and Feed. One of the most enterprising and ener- getic houses in the Concord flour trade is that of Messrs. Blanchard & Co. The business had its origin in 1885, and has already become more ex- tensive than that of any mercantile firm of one member in Concord, and to-day the concern is one of the most noted in its line in the state. The proprietor is Mr. John S. Blanchard, who is a native of Canterbury, N. H., and for a consider- able period was connected with the dry goods trade. He has bad much exv>erience in the flour and grain business, having been connected with another firm for six years previous to 1885, when he established his present business, and he has a thorough knowledge of all its details. This firm has a corn mill on the Ammonoosuc river at Lis- bon, with a capacity of 1,500 bushels per day. The corn which is shipped by Grand Trunk route is billed to points where the meal is to go, and ground in transit, then forwarded on the same "bills of lading. A large portion of the flour sold by this firm is shipped direct from the mills in carloads to their customers, and Blanchard's Ammonoosuc, Security and Haxall are brands of superior quality, and when once used, are invari- bly wanted again. Their office and salesroom is at No. 9 South Main St., where they also have a retail store, and have recently added groceries, making a specialty of teas and coffees. Messrs. Blanchard & Co., determined at the stnrt to han- dle the best goods thp markets afford, and to sell at the lowest possible prices for such goods, and this policy has resulted in building up their pres- ent extensive business. Mr. Blanchard is widely known as strictly honorable in all his dealings, while his house has become a permanent and prosperous institution in the city. E. H. Rollins & Son, Bankers and Bro- kers, Dealers in Investment Securities, etc. The well and favorably known firm of E. H. Rollins & Son, bankers and brokers, dealers in invest- ment securities, stocks, bonds, etc., is one of the leading and most stable and reliable financial concerns in the city or county, numbering among its clientele many of the solid and wealthy citizens in the community. This admirably conducted and flourishing business was established in 1882 by F. W. Rollins, the present junior partner, who carried oil the same alone up to 1885, when the style changed to E. H. Eollins & Son, the de- servedly popular and prosperous firm whose name stands at the head of this sketch. They occupy finely appointed and commodious offices, employ- ing two capable and efficient clerks, and transact a general banking and brokerage business, buying and selling stocks, bonds, warrants, governmen t securities and financial paper of all kinds, and negotiate loans on bond and mortgage. Invest- ments are placed in choice western farm lands and city property throughout Colorado, Nebraska, Dakota and Kansas, Colorado securities and Kansas mortgages being a specialty ; in short, everything properly pertaining to financial in- vestments and fiscal transactions is attended to, the Chemical National Bank of New York, and Kidder, Peabody & Co., of Boston, being corres- pondents, and altogether an exceedingly fine business is carried on. Mr. Rollins the elder is a native of this state, and one of Concord's fore- most and staunchest citizens, prominent in pub- lic, social and commercial life, being an Ex-mem- ber of the U. S. Senate and also of the House of Representatives, and is at present a director of the Mechanics National Savings Bank and the Granite State Insurance Co., of Portsmouth ; while Mr. Frank West Rollins (the son), who was born in this city, is a capable and excellent member of the legal profession, having studied law in the office of Hon. J. Y. Mugridge, is u graduate of Harvard, and is the popular and vigilant treasurer of the Manufacturers' Merchants' Mutual Insur- ance Co., of Concord. They also have an office in Boston and Denver, Col., and Grand Forks, Dak. J. Frank Hoit, Grocer and Dealer in West India Goods, Masonic Temple, Corner Main and Pleasant Streets. This business was founded in 1852 by Kimball &Hoit and afterwards continued by Webster & Hoit from 1857 to 1860, and from 1860 to 1864 by Hardy & Hoit. Mr. J. Frank Hoit from 1864 to 1866 conducted it alone and afterwards formed the firm of J. F. Hoit & Co., and under that name it was carried on until 1872, when Mr. Hoit assumed sole control and has since conducted the house with vigor, increasing the facilities and extending the trade. Mr. Hoit's long experience in the grocery trade has given him a wide reputation and made his establish- ment very popular, and to meet the demands of the patrons and the public, he em ploys five clerks and owns two wagons for delivering goods. The premises consisting of store and basement are 30 x80 feet in extent, and a large stock of all the various lines of staple and fancy groceries and West India goods are always to be found on sale in great profusion, together with the finest brands of family flour, and also prime butter, provisions and country produce, giass seed, corn meal, etc. He was formerly a member of the directorate of the Concord Savings Bank. 200 CITY OF CONCORD. Page Belting Company, There is nothing connected with modern manufacturing that plays a more important part than belting. By means of belting, power is transmitted from the engine to the machinery with the least possible loss by friction. At various times inventive minds have turned their attention to the production of belting from various substances other than leather, such as cotton, rubber and linen, but in every case with little or no practical benefit. Where the first cost has been lessened, the use of any other than leather belting has always proved to be more expensive in the long run. " The tanner, much wiser than all put together, Cried. ' Say what you will, there's nothing like leather.'" The largest house engaged in the manufacture of belting and lacing in New Hampshire is 6 feet. They are thoroughly equipped with nu-d- ern machinery and appliances, the motive power beingsupplied by two engines, one of 50 and one of 60 horse power, and three boilers of 150 horse power. The equipment comprises eight sets of cards, 48 looms and 3,620 spindles. Employment is furnished to from one hundred to one hundred and twenty-five hands; six thousand pounds of scoured wool are used per week, and the weekly product averages nine hundred yards of cloth, four ounces to the yard. The goods manufactured by this company are celebrated for their superior quality, durability and fine finish, and are in con- stant and permanent demand in all parts of the United States. Messrs. Parker, Wilder & Co. are the selling agents in New York and Boston. Mr. Holden, the treasurer of this extensive enterprise, was born in Massachusetts in 1809, and has been actively identified with the growth of the busi- ness for upwards of forty years. Although nearly four-score years of age, he still gives it the benefit of his experience and practical knowledge, and is highly esteemed by his fellow men as a useful citizen and an honorable business man. The company is one of the most reliable in the New England Slates. Cummiiigs Brothers, Marble and Granite Monuments, Cummings' New Block, Near Elm House. Among the most noteworthy and suc- cessful marble and granite workers in the state are Messrs. Cnmmings Bros., of Concord. The business of this concern had its origin in l"-f>:> at Franklin, New Hampshire, the founders being Messrs. O. and G. A. Cnmmings. In March, 1861, O. and G. A. Cummings established themselves at Concord and made Concord their headquarters, the Franklin house being continued as a branch. In 1863 Oscar Cummings died, leaving Geo. A., who carried on the business aloue until 1868 when he took in a partner M. Cummings. In 1884 another branch was opened at Pittsfield, N. H. Subsequently E. G. and (!. A. Cummings erected for the firm's business in Concord a handsome and substantial building, the fourth south of the Elm House. The lower story or basement is used as a manufactory, while the first floor is occupied ex- clusively as a salesroom for finished monuments and tablets, and it is one of the largest and best appointed establishments of its kind in New England. The salesroom, which is 30x75 feet in dimensions, is always deserving of inspection, be- ing stored with richly moulded and highly pol- ished monuments, varying in price from $100 to- $1,000, with hundreds of beautifully executed tab- lets, from the plainest outline up to elaborately chiseled architectural memorials finished in the highest style of sculptural art, thus affording an opportunity for the gratification of taste aud a love of the beautiful. The firm are the sole agents for Merrimack Co., Manchester, and nearly all of the important towns of the state for the Columbian marble, from the manufactory of the Columbian Marble Co., of Rutland,' Vt. The Columbian is the most perfect and enduring mar- ble yet discovered, being much better adapted to our climate than any other American production, far surpassing in reliability, the best grades of foreign marble ever imported to this country. This marble is deposited in layers of widely dif- fering color, thus affording the most pleasing contrasts The dark variegated is possessed of shades innumerable, and susceptible of an inex- pensive but most beautiful and attractive orna- mentation, while the light medium cloud rivals in purity and brilliancy the finest qualities of Italian marble, thus possessing in quality and color every requisite for memorial purposes. The fiim keep in stock one of the largest and most varied collections of monumental work in New England. Monuments and tablets are set up anywhere within 20 miles without extra charge, or a liberal discount is made on work delivered at the manufactory. The firm have an endless variety of their own drawings of memori- als, in every size and pattern, and hundreds of card photographs, obtained at no slight cost, from the most attractive cemeteries in the United States, together with an extensive line of tinted and finely executed prints from for- eign manulacturers, with the polished specimens of English, Scotch, Irish and German granites, from which they can furnish work at manufac- turers' prices. Columns worked by patent ma- chinery, and shafts up to 25 feet in length, aud dies up to 15 tons are furnished promptly from the foreign quarries, where the firm are constantly having orders filled by arrangerm nTs directly with the manufacturers. In the line of domestic gran- ites they make a specialty of furnishing large family monuments aud tombs, also enclosures or borders for cemetery lots, either delivered at the firm's yard or set upin the cemeteries. The firm employ about fifteen hands and kee'p large stocks at their branch stores. The members of the firm are natives of Ackworth, N. H., and Mr. Geo. A. Cummings is an ex- Alderman of Concord and was Mayor in 1881 and 1882. CITY OF CONCORD. The Abbot-Downing Co., Manufac- turers of Coaches, Wagons and Carriages. It would be practically impossible, outside the limits of n special volume of its own, to do anything like real justice to the Abbot-Downing Co., which is one of the largest and most complete establish- ments of the kind in the United States. Neither would any account of the varied industries of Concord be- complete without containing at least some allusion to this enterprise, and for this reason the following brief statement of a few facts concerning the company's history and pre- sent facilities may be taken in place of what we should prefer to make a complete description and review of the business. The limited scale on which these works were originally established is matter for astonishment in view of the present magnitude of the establishment. The foundation of the business was laid in 1813, by Mr. Lewis Downing. The first year he employed one or two bands at different times, and his business was very small, as shown by the entries in the original book, now preserved by his son. In 1828 the firm of Downing & Abbot was organized, who continued the business until 1847, when they dis- solved partnership and established two separate houses, viz : Lewis Downing & Sons, and J. S. & E. A. Abbot. The junior partner of the first- named firm was Lewis Downing, Jr., who had been connected with the business since 1837, and who is now tha honored president of the Abbot- Downing Co.' In 1865 the firm of Abbot, Down- ing & Co. was organized, consisting of Messrs. Lewis Downing, Jr., J. S. Abbot, E. A. Abbot, Aloozo Downing, and Mr. J. H. Abbot. The Abbot-Downing Co. was incorporated in 1873, with a capital of $400,000. and is officered as follows : president, Lewis Downing, Jr. ; vice- president, Joseph H. Abbot ; treasurer, Edward A. Abbot ; secretary, Francis L. Abbol ; superin- tendent, R. M. Morgan. The works of the com- pany comprise some twenty buildings, thirteen of which are used for manufacturing, and cover an. area of 258,096 square feet. The buildings com- prise all of the most approved appointments cal- culated to facilitate economical manufacture, and the machinery requires the use of a 90-horse power Corliss engine and three boilers of 150-horse power to effect the necessary action. This com- pany is the oldest carriage company in the United States, and are the originators of the Concord wagons, Concord coaches, Concord wheels and Concord axles. As manufacturers of coaches, wagons, carriages and trucks they are known the world over. Heavy goods are made a specialty, and in this department of manufacture they stand without a successful rival. As all parts of the vehicle, including axles, springs end wheels, are made within the works, they are enabled to fur- nish their customers with an article that they know to be reliable, and of the best quality obtainable. Their express wagons and trucks are the perfection of durability and fine workman- ship, and a/e unequalled for strength, lightness and general excellence by those of any other first- class house in the world. The first stage-coach was built at these works in 1825. In 1865 they built thirty-fi'iir stages for Wells, Fargo & Co., to be used by them in mountain work while building the Union Pacific Railroad. Some of the freight wagons turned out by this company weigh 6,500 pounds. They also engage in the building of horse-cars to some extent. They use 4,000 tons of iron and steel, and 500,000 feet of lumber per year, and manufacture annually from 1,800 to 2,000 wagons. Their pay-roll is $12,000 per month, constituting a powerful element in pro- moting the industrial thrift of this community. They employ two hundred and fifty hands in Con- cord. Forty at their repair shop in New York City, and fifteen in the lumber regions of Ver- mont. Their principal branches are at No. 52 Oliver street, Boston ; No. 140 Prince street, New York ; and at Melbourne and Sydney, Australia. LEADING NANUFAC'l UREliti AXD MERCHANTS. 203 Their trade is co-extensive with the globe. Wagons of various styles, and trucks, are kept in stock at all times, and orders are filled with promptness and care. This company is undoubt- edly the institution which, more than any other, makes Concord famous the world over. Its officers are known as among the most patriotic, philanthropic and public-spirited citizens of the city and state, and their names are familiar in every quarter. The president, Mr. Lewis Down- ing, Jr., was born and reared on the very grounds where the works of the company have stood for the past seventy-two years. On the completion of fifty years of continuous service in this indus- try. May 4, 1887, he presented the employes of the company with a beautifully printed and engraved souvenir, accompanied by a photograph of himself, extending his congratulations and best wishes, and referring, among other things, to the fact that thirteen of the employees had an aver- age service of forty-two years the longest fifty- one and the shortest thirty seven, years a won- derful record, which he justly considers unparal- leled. Mr. Downing is the president of the National State Capital Bank, a director in the Stark Mills at Manchester, and takes an active interest in everything that is likely to prove advantageous to the city, county and state. The vice-president, Mr. Joseph H. Abbot, is also a native of the city, as is the treasurer, Mr. Edward A. Abbot, and the secretary, Mr. Francis L. Abbot, all are earnestly engaged in maintaining the prestige of. the establishment, and thereby meeting every demand of their immense trade. ^y. G. C. Kimball, Photographer, No. T> N. Main Street. Although it is but little more than half a century since Daguerre introduced the pro- cess of making pictures through chemical action on sensitive plates, marvelous progress has been made in all branches pertaining to photography. What with invention, improvement, discovery and the notable development of skill in this direction, a degree ofexcellenceclosely akin to perfection itself has been reached in the art of late years. In this connection special mention ought here be made of W. G. C. Kimball, photographer, this city, who is by common consent a leading exponent of the art, and whose ad mirably conducted and well equipped studio is in all respects the finest establishment of the kind in the state, as well as the oldest ; the pictures leaving this elegant and well-ordered gallery being Al in every feature of merit in fidelity to original or copy, in execution, design and finish while his patronage is of a most extensive and flattering character and grows apace with years. This widely and favorably known studio was established away back in 1848, by W. H. Kimball (father of the present proprietor), who conducted it tip to 186.1. when the business passed into the control of his son and successor, the gentleman whose name leads this sketch. The premises occupied, which embrace two 25x80 foot floors, are handsomely fitted up and very taste- fully appointed, and are completely equipped in every particular with the most improved appli- ances, devices and general appurtenances, w T hile half a dozen or more courteous and efficient assist- ants are in attendance, including expert artists. Photography in all its branches is executed in the highest style of the art; only the most superior class of work being done crayon, India ink, pastel, etc., while a specialty is made of fine por- traits, and altogether the patronage of the estab- lishment is exceedingly large. Mr. Kimball, who is a gentleman of furty-four, of pleasing manner and the highest personal integrity, is a practical and expert photographer himself, with some twenty-eight years experience in the exercise of his profession, and stands high in the community alike in his business relations and in social life. He also bears a creditable war record, having shared the fortunes of the 18th New Hampshire volunteers at the front during 1864 and 1865, and is a popular and esteemed member of the G. A. R. Sturtevant Post No. 2. He enlisted as a private, and served in the Army of the Potomac at Petersburg, and was mustered out a lieutenant- colonel at the close of the war. S. \Vardner, Manufacturer of Fine Cigars, No. 146 Nor In Main Street. A prominent house engaged in the manufacture of fine cigars is that of Mr. S. Wardner. Mr. "Wardner is a native of Vermont, but a resident of Concord since 1864, and founded Ibis establishment at the present location in 1869, and since its inception at that date has built up a very prosperous trade, both wholesale and retail, extending throughout the city and surrounding country. The aim of the proprietor is to make an honest cigar, worthy of the good opinion of smokers, and to scrupulously maintain the superiority of his brands. The premises occupied consist of a commodious store with factory in the rear, in every way well adapt- ed for the work in hand, employment being given to several skilled and experienced cigar makers. Mr. Wardner is a practical cigar maker, at his store will be found a retail department where can be found at all times his favorite and special brands, such as the Eighty-thi ee, H;ippy Thought, C4ranite State and Top of the Heap, also cigar- ettes, smoking and chewing tobaccos and smokers' articles in general, which are offered to the public at very low prices. Every box of cigars made in this house bears the union label. The proprietor is agent for J. Wright & Go's., tobacco ot Rich- mond. Va., also of Liggett & Meyer's of St. Louis, Mo. He is an active and prominent member of the Order of Free and Accepted Masons, and always keeps his eyes well placed upon the lights. Don. H. Aldrich, Drugs, Medicines and Chemicals, etc.. No. 16 North Main Street. Prom- inent among the well known drug establishments in Concord is that of Mr. Don. H. Aldrich, which was first opened by him to the public in 1882, and since then has been under the sole control of Mr. Aldrich. The store is neatly and handsomely arranged and has an area of 20x70 feet. Plate glass show cases and ornamental counters and a soda fountain of rich design are among the feat- ures of the establishment, which is well supplied with pure, fresh drugs of the highest standard quality, and proprietary medicines and com- pounds of the most reliable character, a fine dis- play also being made of toilet and fancy articles. In the prescription department every care is ex- ercised in their preparation by Mr. Aldrich, who is a thorough pharmacist of many years experi- ence, asd a prominent member of the New Hamp- shire State Pharmaceutical Association. 204 CITY OF CONCORD. Phenix Hotel, Edson J. Hill, Manager. The Phenix Hotel in Concord fills a niche in the esteem and popularity of the people of this state peculiarly its own. The elegance of the bouse needs only to be seen to impress the stranger favorably as a first-class hotel in all respects, while its wide-open door reveals a cordial wel- come and all the tasteful comforts of a home. It is i he hotel par excellence of the Granite State, and good management has made it so. It was erected in 1856, and, after being in the hands of several proprietors, it was purchased in 1865, by Mr. Tames R. Hill, who had been well and widely office. A fine bar, billiard hall and barber shop are among the other necessities of modern hotel life that are supplied for the use of guests. The dining-room is located on the first floor, and has a seating capacity for one hundred and twenty people. The cuisine is worthy of special commen- dation, being under the most experienced man- agement, and kept up to the highest standard of excellence. The proprietor, and his corps of assistants, are all justly popular with the travel- ing public, and the praises of the Phenix are sung by all who have experienced its hospitality the world over. known as a harness manufacturer in this city for many years. He leased the house to other par- ties until 1880, when he newly furnished and re-fitted it throughout and opened it under his wn management. At his lamented decease in November, 1884, his son, Mr. Edson J. Hill, assumed control, and has since presided as its host, sole owner and proprietor, to the delight of all who have patronized his house down to the present day. The hotel contains five stories and a basement, is 80x140 feet in dimensions, arid pro- vides first-class accommodations to from one hundred and fifty to two hundred guests, at from $2.50 to $3.50 per day. No luxury afforded in situation, surroundings, cuisine or modern con- veniences in any hotel is lacking at the Phenix. It is situated within easy reach of the depot", the State Capitol and the business centres of the city, and is convenient alike to the permanent patron, the commercial tourist and the transient guest. It is the prominent and popular headquarters for Senators and Representatives during the sessions of the Legislature, and is the favored resort for people from all parts of the world. The house is lighted by numerous electric lights on the first floor, heated by steam throughout, and provided with electric call bells communicating with the Fred Reed & Co., Fine, Staple and Fancy Groceries, North Main Street. One among the oldest business houses in the city is that now carried on by the firm of Fred Reed & Co. The business has been established more than forty years, and from 1881 to 1885 was conducted by Whietemore & Reed and -during the past two years by the present firm. The premises utilized for business purposes consists of a commodious store and basement 25x80 feet in dimensions. A large valuable stock of choice staple and fancy groceries is always kept on sale, embracing the finest teas and coffees that are brought into the country, hermetically sealed goods in tin and glass, table delicacies, condiments, family flour, provisions, etc. The stock has been carefully selected by Mr. Reed expressly for a first-class trade, and has been brought direct from the lead- ing manufactures and importers upon the most, advantageous terms and is being offered at the very lowest prices, and is one of the most desirable and inviting grocery houses in Concord. Mr. Reed was born in Maine and has resided in this city many years, and is one of the most active among the young and energetic merchants, who take great interest in the city's prosperity and welfare. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 205 The Prescott Piano and Organ Com- pany, No. 71 South Main Street. The founda- tion of this extensive business now conducted by this company was laid in 1836, by Mr. Abram Prescott, at a time when pianos and organs were luxuries enjoyed only by the opulent, and when their manufacture was pursued under many diffi- culties. In 1845, Mr. Prescott took his son, Abram J., into partnership, and in 1850 the firm became Prescott Bros., consisting of Messrs. A. J., J. W. and J. B. Prescott. In 1854 Mr. J. \V. Prescott retired, and in 1858 Mr. J. B. Prescott died, the latter's place being taken by Mr. George D. B. Prescott, the firm name being Prescott & Bro., until 1871, when it was changed to Prescott Organ Co. Under that name it was incorporated in 1880, with a capital stock of $16,000, and in one year was increased to $30, 000 continuing with great brilliancy and power are obtained. Year by year this company has gone steadily Ibr- waid, adding one improvement after another un- til their organs are to-day renowned over the entire civilized world. The Messrs. Prescott are both natives of this city, and trained to their business from their youth. The reputation they have acquired as musicians, manufacturers and en- terprising, honorable business men, places them beyond the requirements of praise at our hands. T. W. & J. H. Stewart, Merchant Tailors, No. 82 Main Street This is one of the oldest concerns in its line in the city. The brothers Stewart were born at Danbnry, N. H. , and in 1842 came to reside in Concord. Mr. T. W. Stewart, who has been connected with the tailoring trade for the past forty years, is an ex- steadily increasing success in the manufacture of organs until 1886, when the company embarked in the manufacture of upright pianos, and, to meet the necessary expansion of the business inci- dent thereto, the present company was incorpor- ated, with the following officers and directors, viz : president, A. J. Prescott ; treasurer, Geo. D. B. Prescott; clerk. Frank P.Andrews; direc- tors, A. J. Prescot, J. K. Foster, Geo. D. B. Pres- cott, H. J. Crippen and F. P.Andrews. The new factory, built in 1881, is four stories in height, 36x90 feet in dimensions, provided with ample and modern facilitips for production, and giving employment to thirty five skilled and experienced hands. Among the many improvements now to be found in the Prescott Organ are the new solo stops Vox Celeste, Gamba, Clarinet, Vox Angelic, each being an independent set of reeds, peculiarly voiced ; the new manual sub bass ; the improved valve Tremolo, the Vox Humana Tremolo and the Parker Octavo Coupler, by the use of which member of the city council and a member of the Odd Fellows Society. He founded the business in 1849, and two years afterwards he admitted his brother, Mr. J. H. Stewart, into partnership. The latter has had thirty-eight years experience in the trade and is a member of the Masonic body. The firm occupy an elegantly fitted up store, 25x80 feet in dimensions, and there is always in stock the latest novelties in foreign and domestic fabrics, and these are selected with great cire for a first-class trade. Measures are taken for gentlemen's attire, and in every instance a stylish and perfect fit is guaranteed. Fine custom work is the specialty of the house, and from fifteen to twenty-five hands are employed. All work is executed under the surveillance of the proprie- tors, whose skill is a sufficient guarantee that no garment leaves the establishment which will not bear the most critical examination. Mr. Chas. H. Stewart is associated with this firm and is a young man possessing all modern tastes, etc. U06 CITY OF CONCORD. Humphrey, Dodge & Smith, Jobbers and Ketailers iu Hardware, Iron and Steel, etc., Nos. 100 and 102 N. Main Street. Among the ener- getic and old established business men in this city there are none who enjoy a better reputation than Messrs. Humphrey, Dodge and Smith, the hard ware and iron and steel merchants. This concern is not only one of the largest but one of the oldest in the New England States. The business was started in 1828 under the firm style of Porter, Roff & Brown, Later the proprietors were Ward & Walker, and then D. A. Ward, in 1856, formed a partnership with Mr. Stillman Hum- phrey, the principal of the present firm. Another change made the style of the firm Ward, Hum- phrey & Co.; then it became Ward, Humphrey & Dodge, and in 1876 the present firm of Humphrey, Dodge & Smith was organized. The several members of the firm are Messrs. Stillman Hum- phrey, Howard A. Dodge and Converse J. Smith, all of whom are natives of New Hampshire. Mr. Dodge is a trustee of the Loan and Trust Savings Bank. The premises occupied for the business are very spacious and in every way admirably adapted. They comprise a building containing five floors and basement, the whole standing upon an area of 50x100 feet. In the rear of this build- ing the firm have a warehouse with a frontage of 100 feet and a depth of 90 feet ; and near the bridge, they have another warehouse 60x100 feet in dimensions, and three stories high. The store is suitably fitted up, and the firm carry a full line of every kind of goods classed as builders' and general hardware, tools, cutlery, housefurnishing goods, etc. They also carry an immense stock of iron and. eteel of foreign and domestic manufac- ture. The stock in every department has been very carefully selected and purchased principally direct from the manufacturers. From twelve to fifteen hands are employed and the business of the concern extends to ail parts of the New England States. It is conducted on the just principles of equity and the firm rank first-class in the trade. Dows & Wheeler, Architects, No. 72 Main Street. Perhaps in no branch of science, art or industry has there been made more steady , and notable progress in the United States during the past thirty or forty years than in that which pertains to the functions of the architect, the advance made in this direction within a decade or two being especially marked and gratifying, while the magnificent structures, public build- ings, church edifices, dwellings and high-class architecture that greet the eye on every hand throughout the land to-day amply attest Amer- ican genius and skill in this interesting and im- portant sphere of activity. In this connection special mention ought here be made of the widely and favorably known firm of Dows & Wheeler, architects, No. 72 Main street, this city, who are by common consent the leading, most reliable and best equipped members of the profession in the entire state, sustaining a deservedly high reputation for sound judgment, skill and ability in all branches of the art, and who enjoy as a consequence an extensive and flattering patron- age, both gentlemen having had a practical expe- rience in the exercise of their profession extend- ing over thirty odd years and upward. Mr. E. Dows, who is a native of Vermont and one of the oldest architects in New Hampshire, established himself in business in Concord in 1857, and con- tinued alone up to 1870, when he associated with him in partnership Mr. G. Wheeler, a native of this state. They occupy well ordered and hand- some offices, and attend to all branches of the busi- ness, plans, designs and estimates on buildings and constructions of every description, being promptly furnished upon application. Among the noteworthy buildings erected on their plans and constructed vmder their supervision hereabouts may be mentioned the Opera Block, Post-Office Block, a portion of Abbott-Downing Co. Factories, Board of Trade Block and in fat t most of the principal structures in this section of the country. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 207 G. H. H. Silsby & Son, Printers and Book- binders, etc., No. 23 North Main Street. A leading and noteworthy firm is that of G. H. H. Silsby & Sou, printers and bookbinders, and dealers in sta- tionery and blank books, and which is one of the foremost, largest and best equipped concerns of the kind in this city, as well as the oldest, having for upward of forty-seven years been conducted with unbroken prosperity. This stable and reli- able house was established in 1840, by Morrill & Silsby, who conducted the same up to 1880, when Mr. Morrill died, and the business has been carried on since under the present firm name of G. H. H. Silsby & Son, the pushing and popular firm whose name heads this sketch. They occupy for business purposes an entire three-story and base- ment 21x23 structure, supplied with ample and excellent facilities, and completely equipped throughout with the most improved machinery, appliances and appurtenances, including five capacious presses, paper cutters, ruling devices, etc., while an efficient staff of expert hands are in regular service. General job printing in the most superior and expeditious manner, fine com- mercial work being a specialty, and book-binding of every description likewise is promptly and satisfactorily attended to. The office and sales- room too are neatly fitted up and appointed, and a heavy and first-class assortment of mercantile stationery, ledgers, blank books of all kinds, cards, wrapping paper, twine, etc , is constantly carried on hand ; all orders receiving prompt at- tention, and altogether the trade of the firm, which extends throughout the city and state, is at once large and flourishing. D. E. Clark, Dry Goods, State Block. Mr. D. E. Clarke, the popular dry gooda merchant, occupies a fine, large, handsome store having dimensions of 20x75 feet in the State Block, in which is displayed an extensive assortment of dry goods, small wares, etc., embracing silks, dress goods in all the desirable fabrics, and all kinds of staple and fancy, foreign and domestic goods belonging to the trade, besides a general assortment of notions, trimmings, hosiery, white goods and ladies' furnishings, etc. Mr. Clarke, who was born in Vermont sixty years ago, located in Concord in 1846, and six years later he estab- lished the business he is now conducting with so much success. He is a gentleman of fine business qualifications, and as one of our old merchants and citizens is highly esteemed and popular with all who do their trading with him. Mr. Danforth is treasurer of the same organiza- tions. In addition to representing these compan- ies, Messrs. Morrill & Danforth are also agents for the Granite State Fire Insurance Co., of Ports- mouth; the Capital Fire Insurance Co., of Nashua; the Amoskeag Fire Insurance Co., of Manchester; and the Indian Head Fire Insurance Co., of Nashua. By energy, prudence in the selection of risks, and liberal and honorable treatment of those who commit their interests to their care, the firm have obtained a very valuable list of customers, numbering some of the city's best known merchants, manufacturers and real estate Morrill & Danforth, General Insurance Agents, No. 77 North Main Street. The leading insurance agency in Concord is that conducted by Messrs. Morrill & Dauforth. The business of this responsible house was originally founded in 1864 by Messrs. Webster & Smith, and passed through minor changes of management until 1872 when the present proprietors succeeded to the control. The copartners, Messrs. Obadiah Morrill and Charles C. Danforth, are natives of this state, and are accounted among the most capable and thoroughly trained insurance men in thecountry. Mr. Morrill is secretary of tho following well- known companies of this city : State Mutual, Home Manufacturers and Trades Mutual . Mtna Mutual, and American Manufacturers Mutual. H. W. Brickett, Fine Groceries, Flour, Grain, etc., No. 158 North Main Street. A prom- inent and reliable concern of this kind in Concord is that of Mr. H. W. Brickett. Mr. Brickett is a native of this state and a resident of this city since 1881. He established himself on his own account originally in Lowell, Mass., in 1876, but removed to this city six years subsequently and began operations the same year. The premises utilized are large and commodious and comprise a finely appointed store, with basement, each 25x75 feet in dimensions. The large variety of articles embraced in the stock is such as relates to the general wants of the community, and in- cludes everything in the line of staple and fancy groceries. The freshest new crop teas from China and Japan, fragrant coffees from Java, Mocha and Brazil, spices, condiments, table delicacies, fresh creamery butter, cheese, eggs, canned goods, select brands of flour will be found constantly pure and fresh iu stock ; also bakers' and laundry supplies, vegetables, etc. He also deals very extensively in corn, oats, hay, straw, white and yellow bolted and unbolted corn and oat meal; also buckwheat flour, mill feed such as bran, shorts, etc. These goods are all of the very best quality. The store is kept in the cleanest and neatest condition. When desired orders are delivered free at residences throughout the city by wagon. David E. Murphy, American, British, French and German Dry Goods, No. 80 North Main Street. Of those engaged in the dry goods business in our city there are none more justly entitled to consideration than Mr. David E. Murphy. His store has a double front and covers a space of 25x75 feet, and is fitted up and provided with every facility for business purposes. In the stock will be found a full and complete assort- ment of staple and fancy dry goods of both Ameri- can, British. French and German production, em- bracing a wide range in the varied department, of textile fabrics, including everything new, fashion- able and stylish in dress goods, silks, etc., also domestics and cloths, flannels, etc., and a general line of linens, white goods, laces, trimmings, hos- iery, ribbons, gloves, underwear and fancy goods of every description. Shawls and cloaks form a special department, in which is displayed the lat- est and most fashionable desirable seasonable styles. Mr. Murphy was born and brought up in this city and has had fifteen years experience in the dry goods trade, and was formerly with F. B. Underhill & Co., and also with Hammond & Thurston. He established bjmself in business in 1885 and has since enjoyed a prosperous career. 208 CITY OF CONCORD. C. W. Woodward. & Co., Tailors and Im- porters, Woodward Building, Main Street. The inception of this business dates back to 1852, when it was founded by Messrs. E. W. Wood- ward & Co., and continued by them with the best of success until 1878, when the firm became Woodward, Baker & Co., changing, two years later, to E. W. Woodward & Son. In 1886 Mr. E. W. Woodward retired, after a most useful and busy commercial career, and his son, Mr. C. W. Woodward and Mr. E. L. Peacock have continued the business under the present firm name and style. The copartners, both of whom are natives of this city, have each had seventeen years ex- perience at their profession, and are acknowledged experts in every department connected therewith. The fine store occupied, which has an area of 25x80 feet, is fitted up in the most tasteful, at- tractive style, is provided with the most approved modern accommodations and conveniences, and contains a superb assortment of fine fabrics from the leading manufacturers of Earope and this country, embracing all the newest and most fash- ionable designs. A force of from twenty-five to thirty experienced hands are employed, and the garments produced is unrivalled for fine cut, finish, style, durability and general excellence. G. Li. Liovejoy, Furnishing Undertaker and Funeral Director, No. 14 Pleasant Street. One of the best known undertakers in the city is Mr. G. L. Lovejoy. The business was first established by Mr. Joseph Brown as far back as 1845, and continued by that gentleman until 1870 when he was followed by Mr. Charles Crow, who was suc- ceeded by Mr. Lovejoy in 1883. Mr. Lovejoy has had quite an extended experience in this calling and for ten years was with Mr. Crow. He has a wide reputation of being one of the best, most careful and considerate in his attention to the duties of the vocation in the city. Mr. Lovejoy furnishes all the requirements for funerl als, caskets, coffins, robes, etc., and takes ful- charge of affairs from the house to the cemetery, and so well are these duties discharged that his services are always sought after by bereaved families and friends. Mr. Lovejoy is a native of Lancaster, in this state. He has resided in Con- cord for more than thirty years and is a gentle- man of the highest business capacity. He served during the war in the 3rd New Hampshire Volun- teers from 1861 to 1 883. He is a member of Sturte- van< Post No. 2, and also a member of the Mason- ic fraternity and the Order of Odd Fellows. Eagle Hotel, Opposite the Depot. There is nothing which ndds so much to the prestige of a city as first class hotel accommodations, and in this respect Concord has gained a deservedly high reputation. One of the most popular and best patronized hotels in this city is the Eagle, located opposite the State Capitol. It was first opened to the public in 1856, and has been under the management of Col. J. A. White, since 1871. The hotel contains five floors and abasement, has a frontage of 100 feet and a depth of 200 feet, and provides first-class accommodations for one hun- dred and fifty guests. The furniture has been selected with great taste, and the utmost care lias been taken with regard to the sanitary arrange- ments of the building. In the management of the Eagle everything has been reduced to a complete s-ystem, and all modern conveniences and im- provements are provided /'or the benefit of patrons, including a telegraph office, billiard room and barber shop ; the entire house is heated by steam, lighted by electric lights on the ground floor, and every room is supplied with electric call bells communicating with the office. The cuisine of the house leaves nothing to be desired, and every- thing of the best that the markets afford is to be found in the menu. The dining-room is situated on the ground floor, and has a seating capacity of one hundred and eighty people. A stay under its roof is always a pleasant experience. Its terms are placed at the rate of $2.50 to $3 50 per day. The Messrs. White, the proprietors, are brothers, and natives of this city, eminently popular and successful in catering to the wants of the traveling public, and earnestly devoted to furthering the interests of their patrons. Mr. J. A. White is also closely identified with the manu- facturing interests of the community as the enterprising head of the Concord Machine Works, one of the prominent industries of the city. !N". C. Nelson, Watchmaker, Jeweler and Euirraver, No. 11 School Street (Durgin's Block). Mr. N. C. Nelson is a native of Exeter, N. H., and in 1851 he migrated to Concord, where he has ever since had his habitation. For thirty years he has been identifiad with the trade of watchmaker, and in 1865 started business on his own account, having previously been connected with the American Watch Co. in the premises now occupied by him on the second floor of Durgin's Block, No. 11 School street. This floor has an area of 20x60 feet. It is very handsomely and attractively fitted up and contains a first-class stock of watches, clocks, jewelry, etc., of both foreign and domestic manufacture. All the latest and most popular novelties in these lines of goods are fully represented, and there is, in addi- tion, a fine display of solid silver bronzes and plated table ware, and fancy goods manufactured from the precious metals. The watchmaking and repairing department is under experienced management. Mr. Nelson is at all times pre- pared to renovate, clean and regulate time- pieces of every description, to get and reset dia- monds and other precious stones, and rej air all kinds of jewelry. A specialty is made of engrav- ing, and orders are promptly and satisfactorily carried out. LACONIA. ONE of the most beautiful and picturesque towns of which New England can boast is that of Laconia, N. H. Situated on the banks of the Winnipiseogee River, whose waters turn the wheels of so many factories, it is nestled in an amphitheatre of hills and its borders are washed by Winnesquam Lake and Round Bay, which forms a portion of the chain of lakes of which the famous Winnipiseogee is the largest. Its access to the lake and its proximity to the White Moun- tains makes it a most desirable summer resort, and brings yearly to the town a large number of LEWIS F. BUSIEL HOSIERY MILL. summer visitors, for which every convenience and luxury has been provided in the way of fine hotels located in the midst of the most charming lake and mountain scenery and pine groves. Driving, riding or boating can be had at a moments notice and trps are easily made to the mountains, which are within a few hours ride and over well kept roads. In skirting the shores of Round Bay a glimpse is caught of Mount Washington, and Belknap Range is seen upon the right. Within its borders and but a few miles from the Main Street is one of the most famous watering places of Lake Winnipiseogee, whose large and costly hotels are thronged with thou- 209 210 CITY OF LACONIA. sands during the summer season. The town is the shire town of Belknap County, and is situ- ated twenty-seven miles from Concord and one hundred and two miles from Boston. There are extensive manufacturing establishments here, including car shops and machine shops and hosiery and hosiery yarn mills, which are fine buildings built of brick. The public schools are all that could be desired. A good public library is open to all and several churches of all denomina- tions, which are handsome edifices, add to -the beauty of the town, which is more like a small city than any other town of its size in the State. Nature has lavished her gifts profusely on this favored spot, hills, mountains, lakes and rivers, brooks and woodland constituting a charming scene which makes it one of the most delightful and attractive places of sojourn. CITY OF LACONIA. Granite Hosiery Mills, Mill street. The old established and representative Granite Hos- iery Mills enjoy the distinction of being the founders of the power knit hosiery producing business in Laconia. Mr. Jno. W. Busiel, the original proprietor, having commenced to knit hosiery by power in 1857, using in the operation some of the first machines ever manufactured in this country. Mr. Jno. W. Busiel, the founder of this business, was earlier a manufac- turer of woollen yarns, supplying many of the makers of hand knit goods throughout the coun- try, and the establishment has always continued this department. In 1874 Mr. Busiel died, and the business has since been continued by his three sons Jno. T., Chas. A. and Frank E. , under the firm name of Jno. W. Busiel & Co. During the pres- regirne many improvements have been inaugu- rated and large additions made to the facilities. Among their many productions they have ac- quired an enviable reputation for their perfect foot stocking (controlling as they do, the patents on the same), which is considered one of the best stockings in the market, and is a great favorite with the trade generally. The premises occupied by this popular concern comprise six commodious buildings consisting of main mill 37x100 with annexes of dry house, office and seanring room, finishing mill, picker house and store room. The works are known as a seven sett mill and are supplied with all the modern machinery, tools and appliances known to the trade, the motive power being supplied by two powerful turbine wheels, altogether constituting one of the largest establishments of its kind in the state. Three hundred operatives are employed with an average monthly pay roll of from $6,000 to $7,000. while the daily output is five hundred dozen pairs. A special feature is made of woollen hosiery for ladies, gents, misses and children, including bicy- cle hose and other fancy requirements, in fact nearly every feature in stockings called for by the trade. The selling agents of the company are Messrs Hhreve & Adams, of New York, through whom the goods are distributed in all the prom- inent cities in the Union. The members of the firm are natives of this state and long residents of Laconia, where they are highly respected and popular in both social and business circles. Messrs. Jno. and Chas. Busiel are ex-members of the State Legislature, while the latter is also president of the Lake Shore Railroad. \Vinnipiseogee Hosiery Mills, Frank P. Holt, Proprietor. This popular and progres- sive concern was founded originally by the firm of Minchin & Holt, and in 1879 Mr. Holt acquired the entire business, since which time the house has largely increased its popularity in the trade under the style and title of the Winnipisseogee Hosiery Mills. The plant comprises five substantial buildings, including the main mill comprising three stories, basement, and attic, 45x84 feet in di- mensions, with annexes of dye house, picker room, wheel house,and boiler house. The works are known as a six sett mill, and the motive power is furnished by two large turbine wheels. About two hundred operatives are employed, with a monthly pay roll amounting to from $5,000 to $6,000. The pro- ducts comprise an unusually extensive variety of ladies', gents', misses' and children's woollen and merino hosiery, from the lowest to the highest grades, and including every variety called for by the trade. The facilities of this reliable house are unrivalled. The selling agents are Messrs. W. H. ! Tailer & Co., of New York, with branch offices at I Philadelphia and Chicago. The proprietor, Mr. ; Frank P. Holt, is a native of Chelmsford, Mass.,- | but has resided in Laconia for the past fifteen years. 4 G. H. Tilton, Manufacturer of Woollen Hosiery. With the advantage of a life time of practical experience the subject of the present sketch, Mr. G. H. Tilton, founded his present enterprise in 1885, and has reared and secured a- distinct popularity, as well as a large and perma- nent patronage. His plant having a capacity of a two sett mill is 24x100 feet in dimensions, with annex of boarding, pressing and drying room, 28x50 feet in dimensions. Seventy-five opera-' tives are employed and the productions of the works comprise ladies', men's, misses' and children's woollen hosiery of a variety | of grades, the capacity being one hundred and fifty dozen daily. Mr. Tilton's father was long associated as partner with Mr. J. W. Busiel, the pioneer manufacturer or hosiery in Laconia, and in whose service Mr. G. H. Tilton received much of his earlier education in the trade. The selling agents of the house are Messrs. W. H. Tailer & Co., of New York, with branch houses at Phila- delphia and Chicago, and by whom the popular output is distributed through all the important business centres of the country. 211 CITY OF LACONIA. White Mountain Mills, Manufacturers of Woollen and Merino Hosiery and Underwear ; Lewis F. Busiel, Proprietor. As a factor among the industrial enterprises of Laconia which have been so largely instrumental in developing the commercial resources of the town, the White Mountain Mill, of which Mr. Lewis F. Bnsiel is the enterprising proprietor, stands well in the fore- front, having not only been one of the oldest manufacturers in the town, but also enjoying the indisputable honor of having been the pioneer producer of machine made hosiery not only in Laconia but in this country, and consequently in the entire world, his enterprise in this direction having been the forerunner of a complete revo- lutionization of the method of producing woollen fabrics. After having acquired a thorough prac- tical experience in the business Mr. Busiel estab- lished his original works in 1853, and commenced the manufacture of woollen yarn of a variety of grades, these goods at this time being in large domand for the making of hand-knit fabrics. Two years later he introduced, and commenced the operation of the first practical power machines ever constructed, and so placed on the market the original power made hosiery. In 1873 Mr. Busiel added machinery for making woollen and merino underwear, and has since that date made these goods an important feature in his productions. In 1878 he introduced the latest improved Aikea Machines for the purpose of making hosiery, contrasting favorably with the finest imported goods, and his success in this direction has resulted in his largely superceding foreign productions in tbis country. He built his present mill in 1855 and at that time it was looked upon as a model establishment, and he has since introduced many improvements and inaugurated many changes. The plant is com- pletely equipped at the present time with all the most modern labor-saving machinery, tools and appliances known to the trade, and operated by a powerful improved turbine wheel. .Seventy-five skilled operatives find constant employment with a monthly pay roll of from $1,000 to $1,500. The capacity of the works is from twenty-five to fifty dozen shirts and drawers, and from seventy- five to one hundred dozen hosiery daily. He gives his personal supervision to each and every process of consi ruction, and this careful attention and oversight is amply repaid in the wide popu- larity accorded his productions. Messrs. Porter Bros., of New York and Boston, are the selling agents of the concern by whom the output of this progressive house is distributed among the large jobbers of the country. Mr. Busiel is a native of this town, and having resided in Laconia for the past forty years he is completely identified wjth the rise and best interests of the town, and to his energy, foresight and ambition, as well as to his correct and practical business methods may, be properly attributed the large measure of suc- cess which has attended his unremitting efforts. Bartlett & Doak, Manufacturers of Chil- dren's and Misses' Shoes. This well-known and progressive house is one of the oldest of the Lynn manufacturers of shoes, having been founded in that city ai>out the year 1850. The business was removed to this town in 1884, and was at first located in the old Belnap Mill, but about a year since removed to their new works, the same having been built specially for them by the Laconia Car Co. This substantial and modernly constructed building comprises three stories and basement, each 40x135 feet in dimensions and to which 50 additional feet in length has recently been added, necessitated by the requirements for increased facilities, consequent upon the large augmenta- tion in volume of patronage. The works are completely equipped with all the latest improved labor saving machinery, tools and appliances known to the trade, while the power supplied and required to run the works equals 30 horse power in capacity. About three hundred skilled operatives are employed, with a monthly pay roll aggregating $6,000. Only children's and misses' shoes are produced, while a leading specialty is made of school and fine kid shoes. The capacity of the hoxise reaches the large figure of nearly 2,000 pairs daily. The patronage of the concern is confined to large jobbers exclusively, and through them their reliable goods are distributed over the entire United States. Messrs. Bartlett & Doak are both gentlemen widely known in financial as well as commercial circles, but being in mature years the conduct of their manufactory is left entirely in the handsof their able manager, Mr. E. A. Chandler, who has had supreme control of this department for the past ten years. Har- ing devoted his entire business life to the practi- cal details of this craft, he has proved himself as. most eminently adapted to the supervision of so extensive a manufactory. A branch of the works is located at Plymouth, this state, which is under 1he management of the firm of Austin & Chan- dler. Warren D. Hnse, Circular Eibhed Knit- ting Machines, etc. This business was founded in 1879 by the present proprietor, who commenced in a comparatively small way but by the adoption of improved devices and modern machinery, and the exercise of progressive ideas realized, the busi- ness has gradually but steadily increased until at the present writing it has assumed proportions of which the enterprising proprietor may justly take large credit for. The plant comprises the main building of two stories 30x70 feet in dimensions, with annexes of pipe shop, blacksmith shop, and pattern shop. A 10 horse power engine furnishes fhe requisite motive power, and the works are fully equipped with all the necessary adjuncts toa first-class machine shop. From twenty to thirty experienced workmen are em ployed, and the aggre- gate monthly pay roll reaches the sum of $1,200. The specialty of the house is the manufacture of circular ribbed knitting machines of all kinds, although any required style of machine can be equally well and promptly produced. A depart- ment is devoted to gas and steam fitting, while general repairing and piping is a feature of the establishment. Lathfs and yacht engines are made to order, and altogether a large business is done, the trade extending to all parts of the United States, and constantly increasing in vol- ume. Mr. Huse, although a native of Vermont, has resided in New Hampshire a greater portion of his life, and in Laconia for many years past. He is prominently identified with the commercial prosperity of the town, and foremost in all meas- ure for this end. CITY OF KEENE. THE present City of Keene was one of the original Massachusetts grants, made in accordance with a vote of the general court of that province in July, 1733. Some settlements were made, and a fort built soon after, but the town was abandoned in 1746, in consequence of the atrocities of Canadian Indians, and not again occupied until 1750. The settlement of the province line determined the township to be within the limits of New Hampshire ; and a petition, dated Feb- ruary 2, 1753, was addressed to the governor asking to have the grant confirmed, and the town- ship chartered. Their request was granted, the town being incorporated April II, 1753, and named by the governor in honor of Sir Benjamin Keene, an English baronet. The main street was originally laid out but four rods wide, and the city owes a debt of grati- tude to the proprietors, who, at a meeting held September 30, 1736, voted to widen it, giving the proprietors of the lots on the west side four rods wide on the rear of their lots, they surrendering four rods in front, thus making a beautiful street eight rods in width, which has always been the admiration of visitors. Ample grounds have been kept around many of the residences, which avoids that crowded and irregular appearance that mars so many of our New England cities. The north-east corner of the town was set off Sep- tember 27, 1787, united with portions of Gilsum, Stoddard and Parkersfield, and incorporated into the town of Sullivan. Another portion was set off from the east side December 9, 1812, united with portions of Parkersfield and Marlborough, and incorporated into the town of Roxbury. Col. Isaac Wyman, of Keene, was Lieutenant- Colonel in the first regiment under Gen. Stark, in 1775, unt ^ appointed Colonel in July, 1776. Among other prominent Revolutionary men were Samuel Wetherbee, Davis Harlett, and William Timothy and Benjamin Ellis, all of whom held commissions and did good service in the field. The township had a steady and a healthy growth, and, to keep pace with the growing ten- dency of the times, was in June, 1874, chartered as a city, its territory embracing the entire limits of the town, an area of about six miles square. The city is situated in the centre of a broad and fertile valley, once the bottom of a primeval lake. The valley is surrounded on all sides by lofty ranges of timber, covered hills, affording natural barriers, which serve to shield this charming valley from the chilling blasts of winter, as well as to temper the heats of summer. The varied scenery of this valley, afforded by hill, dale, mountain, ravine and forest, when clothed in the verdure of summer, together with numerous well-built roads, neat farm-houses, elegant mansions, beautiful groves and meandering brooks, renders this locality most delightful. Keene has been noted for many years as a prominent manufacturing point, its railroad facil- ities and excellent water-power being such as to invite all classes of manufacturing to the town. 213 CHESHIRE PROVIDENT INSTITUTION. 214 CITY OF KEENE. In its social aspects, its educational advantages, its healthy climate, beauty of location, and all that tends to make up an attractive place of residence, either for summer guests or for a perma- nent home, few towns can compare with it. Its railroad facilities are of the very best and most desirable character, communication being had with the outside world by three different railway lines. The Cheshire Railroad is one of the principal thoroughfares leading north, and west from Boston. The road operated by this company is sixty-four miles in length, and runs from Fitchburg, Mass. , to Bellows Falls, Vt. At the former place it connects with the Fitchburg Railroad for Boston, and at the latter with the Central Vermont for the interior of the state, Canada and with the steamers plying on the great lakes. At the same place connection is also made with the Rutland Railroad, and subsequently with the Delaware and Hudson Railroad line to Troy, Albany and the West. From Keene to Boston the Cheshire line is one hour quicker than any other route, the running time being but three hours. From Worcester and Providence to all Canadian points this line offers twenty-eight miles less travel and faster trains. The principal offices of the road are located in the depot building at Keene. The Ashuelot Railroad forms a junction with the Cheshire at this point, furnishing a route through the Ashuelot valley, and making connections with roads leading into central Massachu- setts and the West. The Manchester and Keene Railroad intersects with the Lowell and Nashua at Greenfield, and furnishes a direct line from Keene to Nashua, and from thence by way of Lowell to Boston. It also intersects with the Peterboro and Hillsboro Railroad at Hancock Junction, and furnishes a direct route from Keene to Concord. Keene is distant by rail from Boston 92 miles ; from Burlington 142 miles ; from Springfield 74 miles ; from Fitchburg 42 miles ; from Worces- ter 60 miles, and from New York 210 miles. The city has a population of about 8,000 inhabitants. It is finely and substantially built and its five principal streets Main, Roxbury, Washington, Court and West entering Central Square, divide the city into as many wards. Central Square contains about one and one- half acres, and is surrounded on all sides by fine business blocks. In the centre of the CHESHIRE HOUSE. .-,-,, , , , , , , square is a beautifully shaded park, in which stands a handsome soldiers' monument, erected in 1872 at a cost of $7,000. Its design is a granite base surmounted by the bronze figure of a soldier with arms at rest. Among the imposing buildings situated on the square are the Court House, City Hall, one of the High School buildings, several church edifices, the Cheshire House, and most of the banks and largest stores. The manufacturing interests of Keene are of special importance to its growth and future prosperity, and have given the city an extended reputation. The waters of the Ashuelot are utilized in turning the wheels of numerous industrial establishments, the products of which include furniture, water-wheels, wood-working machinery, flannels, boots and shoes and various patented articles. As a commercial point Keene possesses great advantages, being the natural distributing point for all the surrounding country. Its numerous stores are in the main large and attractive, keeping full and complete assortments of dry goods, groceries, meats and provisions, boots and shoes, watches and jewelry, drugs and medicines, with other necessaries, and its merchants are reliable and responsible, many of them doing a fine jobbing trade in addition to a large retail business. There are seven monetary institutions in Keene, four National and three Savings Banks. All are in a sound condition, conservative in policy, and prominently identified with the material welfare and future progress of the community. The public schools of the city are naturally a source of pride to every citizen, being under CITY OF KEENE. 215 the most competent management and standing among the first in the State. The High Schoo 1 building on Winter street, near Central Square, was erected in 1876, at a cost of $50,000, and is one of the finest and most imposing structures in the city. It is buHt of brick, with brown stone trimmings, 52x92 feet, five stories high, including basement, and is surmounted by a tower over the main entrance 127 feet high. It contains a fine hall 52x58 feet, capable of seating 500 people. The interior is furnished with ash and walnut, in the best manner, and provided with gas and aqueduct water on every floor. It is well ventilated, heated by steam, and will seat 300 pupils. In addition to the High School proper, there are four grammar schools of the first, second and third grades, kept in the building. A thorough classical and English course is afforded to all pupils. Union district, which comprises the city proper, is divided into eight primary, six secondary, seven grammar and one high school. The schools not belonging to the Union district are ten in number. Like all New England towns Keene is well provided with churches. These are as follows : First Congregational Church, Central Square ; Second Congregational, Court street ; Baptist, Court street ; St. James Episcopal, West street ; Methodist, Court street ; Roman Catholic, Mulboro street ; Unitarian, Main street. The First Congregational Church is the oldest in the city, its history dating back to 1784. The system of Water Works in Keene is equal to that of any city in the country. The sources of supply are granite Lake and Beech Hill Reservoir, making together a reserve of 62,000,0x30 gallons. Its force is sufficient to throw water over any dwelling in the city, and it is used for propelling machinery for light manufacturing. The city is provided with a Public Library, containing over 5,000 volumes ; an Invalid's Home, free to the destitute and worthy ; a battalion of militia ; a post of the G. A. R ; two Masonic lodges, a chapter, council andcommandery ; a lodge and an encampment of Odd Fellows ; a lodge of the United Order of the Golden Cross ; lodges of the Royal Arcanum, Good Templars, etc. The residence as well as business portion of the town is very attractive, and on every hand one meets unmistakable signs of enterprise, culture and refinement. CITY OF KEENE. F. C. Hardy, Dry and Fancy Goods, No. 2 Bank Block. A leading and most successful exponent of the dry and fancy goods trade in Keene is Mr. F. C. Hardy, of No. 2 Bank Block. Mr. Hardy founded his business about twelve years ago, and from the first made it his aim to keep none but the best and most reliable goods, in consequence of which he has met with a most grati flying response from an appreciative public. The business, which is both wholesale and retail, is extensive and influential, and each year brings a steady and healthy growth, the result of the able and enterprising manner in which the affairs of the concern are managed. The spacious sales- room occupied has an area of 20x60 feet, is fitted up in the most attractive style, and every conve- nience and facility is present for the prompt handling of business, and accommodation of customers. The proprietor deals in every descrip- tion of foreign and domestic dry goods, fancy goods and notions. Three competent clerks are employed. Mr. Hardy is untiring in his efforts to please those who favor him with their patron- age, and places at their disposal all the freshest and choicest novelties in each line, and quotes prices which are thoroughly metropolitan in their moderation. He is a native of New Hampshire, is a gentleman of strict integrity and sterling personal worth. Boston Branch Grocery, Wholesale and Retail Grocers, Warreu's Block, Washington Street. This enterprise was inaugurated in 1878 by the present proprietor, Mr. F. Beal, and from the outset acquiiing increased popularity and custom with each incoming year. The ppacions premises occupied consist of a store and basement, each 25x80 feet in dimensions, and' two commo- dions store houses, the latter located near the rail- road. The salesroom is handsomely fitted up, provided with all necessary conveniences, and a most attractive and inviting air pervades the en- tire premises. Mr. Beal carries an extensive stock, and transacts a thriving business in every- thing pertaining to the staple and fancy grocery trade, including the finest brands of teas and coffees, which are made a specialty of, also spices, sugars, cereals, canned goods, table delicacies, jellies, pickles, etc., and Taylor's best flour, for which the house holds the agency. A staff of four experienced clerks are employed. The low- est prices prevail, and the best of value is guar- anteed. Mr. Beal is a native of Rockland, Mas- sachusetts, and was formerly connected with the Union Co., acting for a number of years as buyer. "Wm. G. Hall, Dry Goods, Notions, Hosiery, White Goods, etc. This admirably conducted 216 and reliable store was established in September, 1880, and from the inception of the business Mr. Hall has enjoyed a large and prosperous patronage, the general excellence of the goods handled and the close attention paid to the wants of customers being the special features contributing to his suc- cess. The premises occupied for business pur- poses comprise a fine 20x80 foot store and base- ment, and an extensive and well selected stock is constantly carried, embracing elegant dress fabrics and trimmings in great variety, beautiful shawls and suits, novelties in neckwear, corsets and lace goods, gloves, hosiery, notions and small wares, white goods, linens, sheetings, towelings, ging- hams, cottons and calicos, while some half a dozen competent and polite clerks attend to the wants of patrons, and the trade of the house, which extends all over the city and environs, is exceed- ingly large. Murdick & Lord, Manufacturers of Fine Confectioneries and Ice Cream, No. 23 Roxbury Street. This is a young house, the business having been inaugurated on March 23, 1887. The members of the firm bring an extended experience to bear upon their operations, and by liberal business methods have already acquired an influential first-class patronage. Employing four experienced assistants the firm manufacture ice cream and confectionery of every description, using only the best materials in the production, and the goods turned out by them are noted for their purity, superior flavors, wholesomeness, and general excellence. The premises occupied com- prise a manufacturing department, salesroom and ice cream parlor, the latter being fitted up in the most tasteful, attractive style. The members of the firm, Messrs. O. P. Murdick and E. H. Lord, are both from Autland, Vt. M. V. B. Clark, Fancy and Staple Grocer- ies, Roxbury Street, Opposite Post-OfBce. This business was originated in 1880 by the present proprietor, and conducted by him with unabated energy and success up to the present time. The salesroom occupied has an area of 25x60 feet, is commodious, attractively fitted up, provided with every available facility, and arranged with special view to the prosecution of a large and flourishing trade. This excellent salesroom is filled to its utmost capacity with an extensive stock of fancy and staple groceries of every description, embrac- ing the choicest teas, coffees, spices, family flour, canned goods, dairy produce, fruits and vege- tables, etc. The goods are all selected by Mr. Clark from the leading sources of manufacture and production. Mr. Clark is a native of Ludlow. Vermont, but has long lived in Keene LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 217 G. H. Aldrich & Sou, Insurance, No. 6 Bridj-mairs Block. Few features of progress introduced within a century have rendered more service to society than the beneficent element insurance, while as a factor in the development of industry, commerce and trade its influence for good is virtually incalculable. A leading and responsible firm engaged in this line in Keene is that of G. W. Aldrich & Son, general insurance agents, whose spacious and elegant office is situated in Bridgmau's Block, and than whom none the business hereabout maintain a higher standing as none enjoy a larger share of public favor and con- fidence, numbering among their clientele many of the solid citizens in the community, while their patronage is very extensive and affords evidence of constant increase. This well known and prospt-rous firm was established in 1877, and from the first they have enjoyed a very substantial and flattering measure of popular favor. They trans- act a general insurance business, representing some of the foremost companies iu the world, among others the following stable and reliable institutions ; New Hampshire Insurance Co. stock, Manchester ; Granite State Insurance Co. stock ; Portsmouth; Guaranty Insurance Co. stock, Great Falls; Mascoma Insurance Co. stock, Lebanon; Manufacturers and Merchants Mutual Insurance Co., of N. H., Concord ; Home Manufac- turers and Traders Mutual Insurance Co., Con- cord ; State Mutual Insurance Co., Concord ; Con- cord Mutual Insurance Co., Concord ; ^Etna Mutual Insurance Co., Concord ; Dover Mutual Insurance Co., Dover ; Exeter Mutual Insurance Co., Exeter; Brlkuap County Mutual Insurance Co., Til ton ; American Manufacturers Mutual, Concord. N. H.; Life and Accident: Travelers Insurance Co.. Hartford, Conn.; Steam Boiler Insurance; while they also negotiate loans on bond and mortgage, insurance on dwellings and household furniture being a specialty, and altogether a large and flourishing business is transacted. Messrs. G. H. and H. C. Aldrich, father and son respectively, who are both natives of this city, are gentlemen of sterling integrity as well as men of energy, sagacity and excellent business qualities, and stand high in the community. M. Armstrong, Plumber and Dealer in Stoves, lianges, Gas Fixtures, etc., Opposite Post- Office. There is not perhaps within the entire range of the mechanical arts any branch in which such steady and marked progress has been made of late years as in plumbing and kindred branches, the advance made in this line, notably in all that pertains to sanitary work, being among the features of the times. One of the leading exponents of the art in this town is M. Arm- strong, plumber and dealer in stoves, ranges and housekeeeping goods, whose well known and popular emporium is desirably located just oppo- site tne po^t -office, and who enjoys an excellent reputation for skill and reliability in his line, as well as for first-class goods and upright dealing, while purchaser and patron may at all times rely upon getting a very superior article, first- class work and satisfactory treatment in this well ordered and thriving establishment. Mr. Arm- strong, who is a native of Montpelier, Vt., but a resident of Keene 'many years, is a practical and expert workman himself, with long and thorough experience in the exercise of his art. Being a man of push and enterprise as well as skill, he started in business on his own account here in April, 1873, and soon established himself in popular favor. The premises occupied for busi- ness purposes comprise two 25x60 foot floors and 1 asement, with commodious storehouse attached, and a heavy and fine stock is carried, including stoves and ranges of all kinds, tin and sheet-iron ware, kitchen utensils, household specialties, hollow ware, library lamps, gas fixtures, plumbers' materials and kindred articles. Twelve skilled and reliable hands are employed while two teams are in regular service, plumbing, gas fitting, roofing and jobbing being executed in the most expeditious manner, and making a speci- alty of Crawford Ranges and Walker Parlor Stoves, and altogether a large and flourishing business is done. Laton Martin, Livery Stable, Office and Stable Next Door to City Hotel. A veritable old land mark in its line in this city is tbe well known and admirably conducted livery stable of Latin Martin, eligably located next to the City Hotel, which for nearly thirty-five years has maintained an enduring hold on popular favor, and fully eustains to-day its old-time repu- tation for excellent service and liberal and honorable dealing ; being in all respects one of the leading, largest and best equipped establish- ments of the kind in the state, as well as the oldest, while its patronage is at once large, prosperous and permanent. Mr. Martin, who is a gentleman well past the meridian of life, but active, vigorous and devoted to his business, was born at Richmond, N. H., but has resided in Keene since early boyhood, and is one of the staunchest and most respected citizens in the community. He established this flourishing enterprise iu 1853, having prior to this period from 1833 to 1848 been engaged in running freight teams to Boston, and from the inception of the venture to the present day the business has been continued with uninterrupted success. The stable is a commodious building, with neat office, and is well ordered, cleanly and excellently kept. From sixteen to twenty-five reliable horses and a corresponding number of elegant carriages, buggies and light wagons of every variety are in regular service, while several com- petent drivers and stable hands are employed, hearses and hacks likewise being promptly furnished for funerals. E. P. Wliitcomb, Paper Hangings, etc., Cheshire House Block. Mr. E. P. Whitcomb for the past ten years has been engaged in the sale of paper hangings. He bus a general line of all the various kinds of wall papers, dados, centre pieces, etc , and in doing quite a large trade. In the assortment is displayed all the new designs in beautiful figure and flower patterns iu the latest styles, from the plainest to the most elab- orate in beautiful tints and combinations of colors and gold. Mr. Whitcomb gives particular attm- to interior decorations, and as a paper hanger is highly endorsed and recommended for the skill and good taste he displays in his work. He was born in the state ot New Hampshire and has re- sided in Keene for more than thirty years. CITY OF K, JUNE. Ac B. & S. W. Skinner, Dealers in Dry Goods, Carpets. Window Shades, Crockery, Watches, Clocks, Jewelry, Pictures, etc., the New Museum, Opposite Court House. The house whose name appears at the head of this review occupies a position among the leading concerns in the city, and its history is a story of the triumph of experience, business talent and intelligent en- terprise. It has been a potent factor in the pro- motion of the interests of its special line of trade, and is contributing in no small degree to the mercantile importance of the city. The business was founded originally in 1819 by Mr. S. A. Gerould, and several changes in the proprietor- ship were subsequently made. The founder took into partnership his son, under the firm style of S. A. Gerould & Sou. Then the firm was changed toS. A. Gerould & Co., afterwards Richardson & Skinner, then to Richard, Skinner & Day, next Skinner, Day & Co., and anally A. B. & S. W. Skinner. Mr. A. B. Skinner joined the estab- lishment in 1867, and the business was then located in Gerould's Block, on the west side of Central Square. In 1877 he formed a partnership with his brother, Mr. S. W. Skinner, who is engaged in manufacturing underwear at Ilion, N. Y. From the time the present partnership was organized, the business, which is under the direction of Mr. A. B. Skinner, increased rapidly, and the Museum became the great purchasing centre in this section. More commodious prem- ises became a necessity, and in December, 1885, the firm removed to their present location in the First Congregational Church Block, on Court street, where they occupy the first floor and base- ment. The ground floor is divided into two apartments, the main store being 35x70 feet in dimensions, a broad archway giving a connection with another apartment 20x70 feet. The base- ment under both apartments is used for storage purposes, and thus a floor space of 7,700 square feet is occupied in connection with the business. The Museum deals in everything pertaining to the dry and fancy goods trade, in carpets, oil cloths, mats, rugs, shawls, cloaks, ladies' and gentlemen's furnishing goods, upholstery goods, curtains and decorations, watches, clocks, jewelry, crockery, china and glass, lamps, fancy goods, art goods, toys, etc. The stock in each line is bewil- dering, and embraces all grades. The Museum is the best lighted store in Keene, having win- dows at both front and rear, while the interior is handsomely finished and lends an additional charm to the fine goods displayed. The counters and shelving are of white wood and mahogany, and the floors are of birch and maple laid in alternate strips. In each of the many depart- ments of the Museum there will be found as large a stock as is shown in stores making a special feature of one line only, while prices will be found way down. A glance through these de- partments will reveal to the inquirer a thor- oughly well-ordered business that is the direct result of a strict adherence to every representa- tion made, as well as a libeial policy which recognizes and promotes the interests of others as far as justice will permit. Ten courteous assistants are employed, and undoubted quality of goods, low prices, prompt service and thorrugh system are the characteristics of the establish- ment at all times Davis, Wright & Co., Cheshire County Stove Store, First Door North of Railroad Depot. There is no more active and representative business concern in Keene than that of the Ches- hire County Stove Store, a most flourishing enter- prise, which has t long held a foremost position among the leading mercantile interests of the city. The business dates its inception back to 1849, when it was founded by Tobias New, who was succeeded in 1857 by O. H. Gillett. In 1865 Wells & Davis became the proprietors ; in 1869 a change was made to Davis & Lyman, and in 1871 to Davis & Wright, the copartners being Messrs. Wm. L. Davis and V. A. Wright. These gentlemen continued the enterprise until 1881, when they admitted to partnership Messrs. Frank M. Davis and Murry V. Wright. All four mem- bers of the firm are natives of Cheshire Co., are business men of ability and experience, and are noted for their integrity, and interest in ad- vancing the best welfare of the community. The spacious premises occupied consist of a building having three floors, each 40x60 feet in dimen- sions, and equipped in the most approved man- ner throughout for the purposes of the business. The salesroom is attractive in its appointments and contains an extensive stock of superior goods, the assortment comprising every variety of cook- ing and heating stoves, the Magee Co.'s ranges, gas and oil stoves, tin, iron and copper ware, iron, copper and wood pumps, etc. Employing a force of ten experienced artisans the firm pay especial attention to the execution of all orders given them for tin roofing, guttering and spout- ing, plumbing, and general repairing, performing all contracts in the most workmanlike manner, while the charges are made reasonable. Messrs. Davis, Wright & Co. are prompt in all their engagements and honorable in their treatment of patrons, and thoroughly deserve the prosperity they have so well earned. G. H. Tilden & Co., Booksellers, Station- ers, etc. One of the especially noteworthy busi- ness landmarks of Keene is the commodious and well known house of G. H. Tilden & Co., book- sellers, stationers and blank book manufacturers, which since it was founded by George Tilden away back in 1830 has been conducted down to the present day with uninterrupted success, and is one of the leading and best known concerns in this line in the entire state. The premises occupied for business purposes comprise two 20x80 foot floors, well ordered and completely equipped in every respect with binding appli- ances, paper cutter, ruling machine and kindred devices, while several expert hands are employed in the bindery. A vast and varied stock is con- stantly carried, embracing miscellaneous books, works of art, science and literature, fiction, his- tortcal works, and poetry, blank books and office ledgers of every size, style and variety, school and text books, novels,' periodicals and maga- zines, novelties in cards, pictorials, juvenile books, small wares, fancy articles and a complete and Al assortment of general stationery, while two efficient and polite clerks attend to the wants of customers. The copartnership consists of Messrs. G. H. Tilden and J. W. Sturtevant, both natives of Keene, and among the city's representative citizens. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 219 The Cheshire Provident Institution, Central Square. One of the most substantial and reliable financial institutions of Keeneis the Cheshire Provident Institution, which was incor- porated in 1833. Its officers for 1887 are as follows, viz: A. T. Batchelder, president; W. S. Briggs and R. H. Porter, vice-presidents ; O. G. Nims, secretary and treasurer. Trustees: John Henry Elliot, Geo. A. Wheelock, Henry C. Piper, Edward Farrar, F. C. Faulkner, J. R. Beal, Geo. W. Stearns, C. J. Amidon, Barrett Ripley, J. G. Bellows, Geo. H. Tilden, Silas Hardy, Reuben Stewart. F. H. Kingsbury, Frederic A. Faulkner. Board of Investment : A. T. Batchelder, Barrett Ripley, R. H. Porter, J. R. Beal, and Reuben Stewart. Auditors : J. R. Beal, Wm. S. Briggs, Geo. H. Tilden, F. C. Faulkner, and Silas Hardy. From the statement of the condition of the insti- tution made January 1, 1887, it is shown that the deposits amounted to $2,176,100. 52; surplus, $31,473.47 ; guaranty fund, $110,000. The policy of the institution toward commercial and manu- facturing enterprises is, and always has been, liberal and encouraging. Under its present man- agement it is doing a large business, all of its movements being markjed by prudence, caution and honorable business methods. Its executive officers are gentlemen with whom it is always a pleasure to deal. The president, Mr. Batchelder, is a well-known and honored member of the legal fraternity of this city, and also closely identified with numerous important enterprises in this community. Mr. W. S. Briggs, first vice-presi- dent, is one of the best known men in the city, born here in 1817. His reminiscences of early days in Keene and of its steady growth and progress are of special interest at the present day. Mr. Porter, the second vice-president, is one of the foremost citizens of the city. Mr. Nims, the efficient secretary and treasurer, is a gentleman of large business capacity and high reputation, while the board of trustees comprise much of the solid business element of the city Chase & Richards, Clothing, Gents' Fur- nishings, etc., Buffum's Block, Opposite Cheshire House. This firm are widely and favorably known as clothing dealers and merchant tailors. The business was first established here some thirty-five years ago by Messrs. C. T. & G. B. Buffum, and in 1876 were purchased by Messrs. Amidon & Chase, who was succeeded by the pre- sent firm in 1879. The premises occupied comprise two floors, each 25x80 feet in dimensions. On the ground floor is shown a full and complete line of ready-made clothing, hats, caps and gents' furnishing goods, fur caps and coats. The stock of clothing includes all kinds for men, youth and boys, the finer grades being equal in every respect to the best custom work, in fit, finish, elegance and fashion. The line of hats and caps comprises always the latest and nobbiest styles, and the assortment of furnishing goods includes all the novelties in neckwear, underwear, white and colored shirts, hosiery, gloves, handkerchiefs, collars and cuffs, and other out-fittings, all at fair and reasonable prices. On the second floor is the tailoring department, where is constantly employed a force of fifteen skilled and experienced hands. Here is exhibited one of the fineststocks of cloths and trimmings ever brought to this city. The garments imde to order by Messrs. Chase & Richards are simply perfection in style, fit and artistic workmanship. To be found among their permanent customers are many of the best-dressed citizens of the city and county. The members of this enterprising firm, Messrs. F. W. Chase and L. M. Richards, are both natives of this city. New Era Tea Co., Herbert & Tenney, Proprietors, Roxbury Street. ^There are no articles that can be mentioned which are so diffi- cult to obtain of purity than teas and coffees. Those who make a specialty of dealing in those staple commodities alone, therefore, are best fitted by experience to select the choicest goods than the general grocer, whose attention must necessarily be given to a large number of depart- ments. In this connection we wish to give editorial mention of a house in Keene which is filling a representative position in this line. This is the New Era Tea Co., whose quarters are located on Roxbury street. This valuable business was inaugurated in 1885 by the present proprietors, Messrs. F. F. Herbert and O. S. Tenney, under whose able and popular management a most &ub- stantial and gratifying success has been achieved. The fine store occupied has dimensions of 25x60 feet, is fitted up in attractive style, and contains a well-arranged stock of goods. The stock em- braces all the different grades of teas and coffees, none but goods that can be fully guaranteed are carried, many superior inducements both in prices and quality of merchandise are offered to custo- mers, and affairs are conducted on the strictest principles of integrity. Messrs. Herbert & Tenney have been identified with the business interests of Keene for several years, and have acquired deserved popularity and the highest of standing in the community. Frank R. Jones, Foreign and Domestic Fruits, etc., Opposite Post-Office. The retail trade in fruits, nuts, cigars and confectionery forms a factor of considerable importance in every com- munity, and a leading house engaged therein in Keene is that conducted by Mr. Frank R. Jones, whose establishment is eligibly located opposite the post-office. Mr. Jones started this business on October 1, 1886, and bringing an unlimited store of enterprise, energy and ability to bear upon his operations has acquired a success as gratifying as it is pronounced. He has developed a trade of permanent and influential character, and won a reputation of the highest character as a fair dealing and honorable merchant. The premises occupied consist of a store and basement each 25x50 feet in dimensions, well adapted in every respect for the purposes of the proprietor. The salesroom is fitted up in a tasteful, attractive style, and contains a very superior assortment of foreign and domestic fruits, nuts, confectionery and cigars. Mr. Jones also deals in oysters in their season, and also deals out steamed clams to his appreciative customers. Back of the sales- room is an ice cream parlor which is well patron- ized during the summer months. An active, steadily increasing trade is enjoyed and the future of this creditable enterprise is one assured of prosperity. Mr. Jones is a native of Montpelier, Vermont, is well and popularly known here and thoroughly deserves his success. 220 CITY OF KEENE. J. Ma-son Reetl, Manufacturer of Boxes, Beaver Mills. lu reviewing the business interests of Keene, N. H., we should not fail to mention the manufacturing establishment of Mr. J. Mason Reed. This gentleman is engaged in the very extensive manufacture of locked-corner boxes which find an exceptionally good market throughout the United States, among druggists, chemists, confectioners, hardware and. toy manu- facturers. The manner in which these boxes are p.it together, their strength and neatness and other desirable features eleci much appreciation from consumers. A special feature is made of the manufacture of printed boxes for particular trade uses, and in fact Mr. Reed is in a position to fill orders for any kind of boxes whatsoever. After an experience of some twenty years in this busi- ness it is not to be wondered at that Mr. Reed's trade has arisen to its present large proportions. Whenever Mr. Reed makes a customer he seems to take such special pains to adapt himself to requirements as that the goods themselves will eventually lead to duplicating orders. Originally the business was commenced at Westport, N. H., and was removed to Keene, N. H., in 1881 These are probably the largest works of their class in the United States and readers of this work should not fail to get figures of this house before ordering elsewhere; in fact, Mr. Reed believes hecannot be undersold. Mr. Reed, who is a native of New Hampshire, is a thoroughly practi- cal man in tha business, and is well known and much respected in the community wherein he resides. W. P. Chamberlain, Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods. This house enjoys a reputation in the highest degree enviable for the energy and enterprise which have ever characterized its management. The salesroom occupied is spacious and commodious, has an area of 20x80 feet, and is admirably arranged for the convenience of cus- tomers and for facilitating the transaction of a large and activ.e business. The stock of goods carried is large and complete in every department, embracing all kinds of dress goods, in silks, sat- ins, velvets, prints, cloths, etc , hosiery, gloves, corsets, ribbons, laces, housekeeping goods, such as flannels, cotton cloth, napkins, towelings, ladies' goods, ladies' and gentlemen's furnishings, fancy goods, small wares and notions, and, in short, everything looked for in a representative dry goods store. Employment is afforded to five, efficient clerks, and all customers are waited upon promptly and courteously. Mr. Chamberlain watches the market closely for novelties, pur- chases his supplies from the leading sources of production on the most favorable terms, and is thus enabled to sell to appreciative customers at the lowest market prices. Mr. Chamberlain is a native of this state. J. R. Beal & Co., Tailors and Clothiers, No. 35 Main Street. This house was founded in 185(5 by Mr. J. R. Beal, and ever since its incep- tion it has been the centre of a first-class trade. Mr. Beal is the cashier of the Keene National Bank, and has served the interests of his fellow citizens in the capacity of councilman and aldt-rman. His partners are Mr. J \V. Russell and Mr. W. H. H. Beal. The latter is a native of Nelson, in this state, and the former was born at Alt. Auburn, Mass. The premises occupied com- prise two floors, each 24x70 i'eet in dimensions. The upper floor is used as a woikroom. The lower floor is the salesroom, and this is very neatly and attractively fitted up. The gcods in this establishment have all been carefully selected, and consist of a full and complete line of fashionable and seasonable ready-made cloth- ing, suitable for gentlemen's, youths' and boys' wear, which is made from the finest productions of foreign and domestic looms, by skilful design- ers and workmen, and they are made up in every particular with the same skill, care and attention as are devoted to custom made goods. A fine display is made of gentlemen's furnishing goods of every description, and all the latest novelties lu hats and caps. A specialty is made of custom tailoring, and in this department is carried a complete line of cloths, cassimeres, and piece goods of every description of both home and for- eign production. All garments are guaranteed to be perfect in fit, style, material and workman- ship, and the prices are such that they cannot be surpassed in the trade. Gurnsey Bros. & Co. Bakers and Whole- sale Dealers in Cigars. The establishment of Messrs. Gurnsey Bros. & Co., the well known bakers and wholesale dealers in cigars, was orig- inally founded by Messrs, f. B. & G. O. Hay-- ward, Mr. G. O. Hayward afterward succceeding to the entire control, the present owners coming into the proprietorship in 1885. The members of the firm, Messrs. N. G., E. J. and F. N. Gurnsey, are natives of New Hampshire, and have lived in Keene for the past thirty years. The premises used for the purposes of the firm comprise a store and basement 25x50 feet in area, and excellently equipped throughout with the most improved appliances and conveniences. The range of manu- facture comprises bread, cake, pastry And com- mon and fancy crackers, a specialty being made of Keene crackers, and the productions of the establishment are distinguished for their purity and quality. Seven hands and two delivery teams are employed, and both a wholesale and retail trade is carried on. Keene Cash Clothing- Store, Cheshire House Block, Corner Roxbury Street s F. K. Hunt, Manager. This noteworthy concern was founded in 1884 and from the date of its inception has been the recipient of a liberal and substantial patronage. The fine store occupied has an area of 25x50 feet, is furnished in the most tasteful and appropriate style, and possesses the most improved conveniences for the prosecution of the business. A large stock is at all times carried, the assortment comprising every variety of ready- made clothing for men, youths, boys and children, made from the best materials, in the latest styles, by skilled workmen, and unsurpassed for fit, reliability and wearing qualities. A full assortment is also kept of gentlemen's furnishing goods, hats, caps, rubber goods, umbrellas, etc., all of which represent the best of the kind manu- factured. Prices are placed at the lowest figure. The manager of the concern, Mr. F. K. Hunt, is a native of Keene, and is a business manager of much experience. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 221 IJullard & Foster, Pure Drugs, Chemicals, Patent Medicines, etc., on the Corner, West Side Central Square. Among the leading members of the pharmaceutical profession in Keene can be named the well and favorably known firm of Bullard & Foster, whose old and deservedly popu- lar drug store is eligibly situated on the corner, west side of Central Square, and who sustain an excellent reputation for accuracy and vigilance in preparing physicians' prescriptions as well as for pure and fresh medicines, drugs and kindred pro- ducts, while their patronage is at once large, prosperous and permanent. This old and well ordered pharmacy was established in 1840 by Dr. John Bixby, who conducted it for many years, and came into the control of the present proprie- tors in 1886 (Mr. Bull:ird having been identified with the business since 1875), who have since continued the business with uninterrupted suc- cess. The store, which is compact and ample, is neatly fitted up and excellently kept in every respect, aud a large and carefully selected stock is constantly carried, including pure drugs, medi- cines and chemicals, standard proprietory reme- dies and patent medicines in great variety, acids, extracts, herbs, toilet articles, perfumery and pharmaceutical specialties, also choice con- fectionery, soda, mineral waters, flavors and fine cigars, while four competent and experienced clerks are in attendance, and altogether the trade of the firm is of a very substantial and gratifying character. Messrs. E. M. Bullard and G. C. Shedd are both gentlemen of courteous manners aud strict integrity, as well as capable druggists, and stand high in the community alike in their professional relations and in local life. C. Bridgman & Co., Wholesale and Retail Groceries, Also Dealers in Flour, Grain an'l Mill Feed, Bridgman's Block. In this review of the commercial and industrial interests of Keene, prominent mention should be made of the old and well known house of C. Bridgman & Co, wholesale and retail dealers in groceries, flour, grain and mill feed, whose capacious and well stocked establishment is located in Bridgman's Block, and which, since the inception of the busi- ness nearly forty-two years auo, has been con- ducted with unbroken success, while the firm fully sustains to-day its old time reputation for reliable goods and honorable dealing. The house was founded in 1846 bv the firm whose name stands at the head of this sketch, and its history from that period to the present day marks a record of steady progress, the trade of the concern growing and extending annually until now it is of a most substantial and gratifying character. In 18G6 he erected his four-story brick block at a cost of more than $20,000, a part of which he now occupies. It has a space of 21x75 feet with basement. Also three commodious store houses for storing flour, grain and mill feed. A vast and varied stock is constantly carried embracing sta- ple and fancy groceries, in their variety, making pure teas and coffees a specialty, spices, condi- mentsand canned goods in great variety,best brands of family flour, oatmeal and cereal food products, sugars, molasses, a general line of fancy groceries and shelf goods. Six competent and efficient clerks are employed, while three teams are in steady ser- vice supplying the customers, and patronage of the firm, which extends all over the city and vicin- ity, is exceedingly large. Mr. Bridgman, the head of the house is a gentleman well past the meridian of life, was born in Massachusetts, but has lived in Keene for more than forty years. He is a man of sterling integrity, well known and highly regarded throughout the com- munity both as a merchant and a citizen, and his popularity among the people is shown by the tact that he has b> en twice elected to the state Legislature and has also been a member of the City Council. Cheshire House, Central Square. The Cheshire House was erected by a stock company at a cost of some $25.000. and was opened to the public in 1838 by Mr. Hanson O. Lovell. Nu- merous additions have since been made to the property, materially enhancing its value and rendering more desirable for hotel purposes. It is valued at the present time at $100,000. It has been under the management of several different proprietors, until twenty years ago the present proprietor, Mr. M. J. Kherman, assumed control, and has continued the management to the pres- ent time. The structure is of red brick, contain- ing three stories and an. attic, with one hundred feet front on Central Square, and provides first- class accommodations for one hundred guests. It is within a minute's walk from the depot, in the business centre of the city, and is convenient alike to the permanent patron, the commercial tourist and the transient guest. The first floor is lighted by electric lights, steam heat is pro- vided throughout the house, and electric call bells in each room communicate with the office. A fine bar, billiard room and barber shop are also among the necessities of modern hotel life that are here supplied for the useof guests. The cuisine of the Cheshire is worthy of special praise, being under the most experienced manage- ment. The dining-room is located on the ground floor, and has a seating capacity for one hundred people. There is also a spacious dancing hall in the house. The hotel is patroniz;d by people from all parts of the world. Terms are placed at the low rate of $2.00 per day. The proprietor, Mr. Sherman, while being an excellent and popular host, is also one of the substantial citizens of Keene, nnd a representative New England busi- ness man. He is ably assisted in the management of the hotel by his son, Mr. George Sherman, and a competent corps of cleiks. Giffiil & Soil, Leliigh, Lackawanna, Frank- lin, Cumberland sind Other Coals, Office, Spauld- ing's Shoe Store. The business of this Jiouse was inaugurated in 1879 by Mr. Henry Giffin, and was continued by him with uninterrupted suctess until the present year, when he admitted his son, Mr George H. Giffin, as a partner, the firm style changing to its prest-nt form on the change being effected. The Messrs. Giffin are general whole- sale and retail dealers in Lehigh, Lackawanna, Franklin, Cumberland, and other celebrated coals, and have the best facilities for meeting all de- mands. Five assistants and four teams find occu- pation in the transaction of the business, and all orders received are filled with promptness and dispatch. The Messrs. Giffin are natives of this state. 222 CITY OF KEENE. Knowltoii & Stone, Hardware, Iron and Steel, Agricultural Tools, Belting, Lime, Cement, Paints, Oils aud Glass. An establishment which occupies the leading position in the hardware trade in Keene, and which is a thoroughly repre- sentative concern in every respect, is that of Messrs. Knowlton & Stone. The business of this admirably conducted house was originally founded some thirty years ago by Mr. J. B. Knowlton, who was succeeded by the present firm in 1867. The premises occupied for trade pur- poses comprise a brick building, owned by the firm, and which is a brick structure, with two floors, each 30x60 feet in dimensions, all of which space is utilized in the display of the immense stock of goods that is constantly carried, while ample storage room is found in four warehouses, conveniently located. The several departments are filled to repletion with an elaborate and diversified stock, embracing builders' hardware, shelf goods, cabinet hardware, mechanics' tools, agricultural implements, belting, lime, cement, paint, oils, glass, manufacturers' supplies, car- penters' and machinists' tools, locksmiths' butchers' and plumbers' supplies, American and foreign iron and steel, table and pocket cutlery from the most famous manufacturers, chains, files, and a vast variety of articles too numerous to mention here. The members of the firm, Messrs. Wm. H. Knowlton and Charles H. Stone, are natives of the Granite State, are prominent in public and business circles, and the former has been an active member of the City Council. Keene Five Cents Savings Bank, No. 27 Main Street. The Keene Five Cents Sav- ings Bank was incorporated in 1868, and from its inception to the present time its officers and trustees have included many of the ablest financiers and most substantial business men of this community. Its officers for 1887 are President, C. T. Buffum ; vice-presidents, Edward Joslin, Elijah Boyden ; secretary and treasurer, G. A. Litchfield; trustees, F. A. Perry, Geo. W. Ball, H. O. Coolidge, Clark F. Rowell, John Humphrey, Don H. Woodward, N. O Hay- ward, John Q. Jones, John B. Fisk. Obadiah Sprague, Elbridge Clark, F. E. Keyes, Hiram Blake, Joseph B. Abbott, Geo. C. Hubbard, ; board of investment, C. T. Buffum, Edward Jos- lin, F. A. Perry, H. O. Coolidge, Hiram Blake This is purely a savings bank, conducted wholly in the interest of the people who, with small means, desire to secure a safe investment and interest on their savings. The methods in vogue are practically the same as those that govern the great savings banks of the country. The amount of deposits September 1, 1887, was $2,337,198. It has a guaranty fund of $100,000, and undivided earnings amounting to $30,000. The market value of its securities exceeds the value on books by $35.550. which added to the guaranty fund and undivided earnings make a total surplus of $165,771.62. The president, Mr. Buffum, is a native of Keene, and has been for many years one of its sound substantial and foremost business men. The vice-presidents are also well known as promi- nent in business circles. Mr. Litchfield is a gen- tleman of marked ability as a financier, while the board of trustees comprises much of the solid business element of the city and county. G. W. Foster, Music Store, Opposite Post- Office. For more than a quarter of a century this has been Keene's noted music store, and it has been conducted with an enterprise and integrity that have brought the proprietor both honor and practical reward in the shape of an influential and substantial patronage. Mr. Foster, who is a native of Sullivan, is a musician of fine ability, and a teacher of vast experience. His business is both wholesale and retail in its character, and the establishment contains everything in the line of musical instruments and musical merchandise. The store is eligibly located in front of the general post-office, and has a capacity of 25x60 feet. Mr. Foster is the general agent for New Hampshire for the Wilcox & White organ, and he keeps constantly on hand pianos and organs made to his order, and also the most famous pianos of Chick- ering & Son, William Knabe & Co., Decker & Bro., Hallet & Davis, Behr Bros. , Wheelock & Co., Aug. Bans & Co., Ivers & Pond,E. Gabler&Bro., Woodward & Brown, and Steinway & Sons. Every facility is offered purchaseis for obtaining first-class instruments at reasonable prices, which may be rented at most reasonable terms, or pur- chased on the instalment system. The house is distinguished, not only for its grand, square and upright pianos, and for concert, parlor and vestry organs, but also for choice musical merchandise of every description. Pianos and organs are tuned and repaired satisfactorily. Mr. Foster is the possessor of a rare, genuine W. Nicolas, aine, violin, of the oldest pattern, and this is on view in his store. He has also branch agencies in Manchester, Nashua and Bellows Fall, Vt., and has a large patronage throughout New Hamp- shire and Massachusetts. J. D. Duubar, Livery and Sale Stable, rear of Cheshire House. Mr. J. D. Dunbar is the energetic and responsible ownerof a very fine and well stocked livery stable at Keene. The busi- ness is an old and established one and is well known to all the citizens of this community. The present proprietor, however, is only in posses- sion since 1882, since which time the patronage has largely increased. Here we find as many as twenty-five horses taken care of. Twenty-five vehicles of the most varied and latest improved styles are here found constantly on hand, and twenty sleighs. This stable is located in the rear of the Cheshire House and enjoys the largest trade here. Mr. Dunbar also does an extensive trade in dealing in horses, and has been a resident of this city for some years. H. B. Beals, Dentist, Over Cheshire Na- tional Bank. Mr. H. R. Beals enjoys an excel- lent reputation for reliability and skill in his art, while he receives as a consequence a very liberal and flattering patronage. Dr. Beals, who is a native of Greenfield, Mass., is an expert and painstaking dentist, and is a graduate of the Philadelphia Dental College. He began practice in Keene on October 7, 1886, and at once estab- lished himself in public favor and confidence. He attends to dentistry in its every phase and feature, teeth being extracted, filled, adjusted and mounted in the most superior and reliable man- ner, while artificial work of every description also is executed in the highest style of the art. CITY OF CLAREMONT. THE first settlement in Claremont was made in 1765. A large proportion of its early pioneers came from Connecticut, and selected lands bordering on or near the Connecticut River. In 1767 the then proprietors met at the house of Colonel Josiah Willard, and appointed a com- mittee, consisting of Captain Enos Atwaler, Captain Benjamin Brooks, Colonel Josiah Willard, Jotham Hitchcock and Asa Lent, to " lott out ye remaining part of said town in such manner as they shall judge proper, and return a plan thereof to the proprietors." It was also " voted and agreed that Benjamin Tyler have two acres of land for a mill yard and convenience for building mills in the most convenient place on Sugar River, in Claremont, with ye privilege of s'd stream, on condition the said Tyler doth build a mill or mills, and keep the same in repair for ye space of ten years." In the same year Mr. Tyler erected a saw mill and grist mill in what was then " the most convenient place on the Sugar River in Claremont." The mills and dam were built on the same spot where similar works have since been main* tained in West Claremont. This enterprise was a very important one, and gave new vigor and a decided impetus to the progress of the settlement. As yet there were but few inhabitants and these lived in rude cabins scattered along Sugar River and about " Jarvis Hill." These habita- tions, however, quickly gave place to more convenient and inviting ones. On the 8th of March, 1768, was held the first town meeting in Claremont, at the house of Captain Benjamin Brooks, in the vicinity of Jarvis Hill. Ten voters were present, and a proper town organization was effected. One of the first acts of a public nature was the laying out of a highway to Newport, and Captain Benjamin Brooks and Benjamin Sumner were chosen a committee for that purpose. They began about half a mile south of the middle point of the west line of the town, and pro- ceeded easterly in a straight line to Sugar River. The width of the highway was uniformly ten rods, and the road passed through what is now the south part of the village, near the Stevens High School Building. It was the custom to reserve strips of land ten rods in width between adjacent tiers or divisions of lots, with the intention that whenever lands might be taken for actual highways, the owners of land so appropriated could be compensated from the " reservations." Hence it is found that the one hundred acre lots generally contain one hundred and five acres each. The first appropriation made by the town for the support of schools was in 1773. It was then "voted to raise a vote of twenty pounds, lawful money" for that purpose, which would be about $66.66 in our currency. At this time there were two school-houses in town, viz : the South School House and another near Union Church, at West Parish. At this same meet- ing it was voted " that swine may go at large yockt and ringd as the law directs." From an early period of the settlement of the town a portion of the inhabitants had formed themselves into an ecclesiastical body, and observed religious services regularly on the Sabbath. Samuel Cole, Esq., who came here in 1767, was appointed their reader, and to some degree supplied the lack of a settled minister. The first minister, Mr. George Wheaton, was ordained February 19, 1772, and died June 24, 1793, aged twenty-two years. The Rev. Augustine Hibbard was settled in his place in January, 1774. In the fall of 1773 Rev. Ranna Cossitt commenced his labors as rector of the Episcopal Church in the West Parish. In accordance with an order of the Provincial Congress, the census of New Hampshire was taken in 1775. The following is the verbatim return of Claremont : Males under 1 6 years of age, 148 ; males from 16 to 50, not in the army, 125 ; all males above 50 years of age, 18 ; 223 CITY OF CLARE MONT. persons gone in the army, I ; all females, 231 ; negroes and slaves for life, o ; total, 523. The records are very meagre in relation to the movements which now agitated the country. It appears that Oliver Ashley, of Claremont, was a member of the First Provincial Congress, which assembled at Exeter, May 17, 1775. He was an ardent Whig, and during the sitting of that body was active in devising measures for the defense of the colony, and suggested methods for raising and equipping men for military service. On the I5th of December following, Cap- tain Joseph Waite was chosen a representative to the Provincial Congress to be held in Exeter in a few days. It was voted that he should have full power with the other citizens of the colony, who might be members of that assembly, " to resolve themselves into such a house as the Continental Congress shall recommend, for the taking up Government lands in this colony. '* In 1776 Captain Waite was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel of a regiment raised for the purpose of invading Canada. In the winter of 1777 and 1778 a number of the prominent men of the town left the community, and were strongly suspected of being on friendly terms with the British. Complaints were also often made against the purest patriots in town, and the accused were always tried and sub- sequently discharged. At the annual town-meeting in March, 1778, it was voted to divide the town into school dis- tricts, and accordingly a division was made, constituting seven school districts. Hitherto there had been only two school-houses in town, the Whigs patronizing the school on Jarvis Hill, and the Tories sending their children to the house situated near the Union Church. In 1784, by the treaty of peace with Great Britain, the Tories were allowed the privilege of returning to this country to collect their debts, and dispose of their property. This was a favor valuable to many in Claremont, who had left in the beginning of the war, and had kept them- selves aloof from public view during its progress. In 1786 the return of the census of Claremont showed a total population of 965. The town has continued to steadily increase every decade until in 1880 it had reached a total of 4,704. This has been considerably improved upon duing the past seven years. The town of Claremont is bounded on the north by Cornish, east by Croydon and New- port, south by Unity an,d Charlestown, and west by Weathersfield, Vt. The principal village is situated about three and a half miles due east from the Connecticut River, occupying a fine site, and through it runs Sugar River. One ofthe greatest advantages and sources of wealth is the superior water-power derived from the river last .named. It is about eighteen miles long, passing through the towns of Sunapee, Newport and Claremont, and is the outlet of Sun- apee Lake, which is nine and a half miles long and from half a mile to two and a half miles wide, and eight hundred and twenty feet above the Connecticut River, into which it empties in the town of Claremont. In this town the river has a gradual fall of three hundred feet or more, and there are thirteen excellent mill privileges on these falls. It is estimated that each foot of fall is capable of turning one thousand spindles. The Sunapee Dam Company was incorporated by the New Hampshire Legislature, December 4, 1820. This company is composed of mill-owners in Claremont, Newport and Sunapee, who derive their motive power from Sugar River. Among the rights granted by the Legislature was the right "to sink the outlet of Sunapee Lake at the source of Sugar River to the depth of ten feet below the low water mark of said lake, and to erect and maintain a dam there, with suitable gates and flumes, to the height of said low water mark, for the benefit of the mills and mill privileges." This corporation has been kept up, and the dam and other appli- ances erected have been maintained and improved from time to time. Without this great nat- ural reservoir and the right to use it, granted by the Legislature, Claremont could never have reached its present condition of prosperity and importance. But little use was made of this water-power until the years 1833 and 1834, but since that time the manufacturing busi- ness of Claremont, dependent upon this power, has gradually grown to its present proportions. Like all New England towns of its size and importance, Claremont does not lack for excel- lent school facilities. In the summer of 1866, Paran Stevens, Esq., of New York City, a native of this town, who long enjoyed a wide reputation as a hotel owner and proprietor in Boston, New York, and other cities, proposed to donate the sum of $io,oco, to aid in founding a High School, provided the town would appropriate a like sum for that purpose. In the autumn of that year CITY OF CLAREMONT. 225 the citizens with great unanimity voted to accept the offer, with the conditions named, and appropriated $i 5,000 to purchase a lot and erect a school building. The homestead lot of the late Hon. George B. Upham, corner of Broad and Summer streets, and lunning back to Middle street, containing nearly two acres, was selected as the site, and purchased for 12,500. The building was erected in 1867, Messrs. S. P. Fiske, Geo. N. Farwell, Dr. N. Tolles, A. Dickin- son and B. P. Gilman being the building committee, and was named the Stevens High School. It is a handsome and substantial brick structure, three stories in height, 44x64 feet in dimensions, with ample accommodations for two hundred students. In it are four large school-rooms, large vestibules, basement for furnaces, fuel, etc., and an elegant hall in the upper story, the size of the entire building. It was completed at a cost of 127,225.27, and was ready for occupancy September I, 1868. Mr. Stevens paid for the bricks of the building, for a portion of the iron fence, and in other ways contributed fully one-half the cost of the structure, and the lot on which it stands. He also gave to the town $10,000 as a permanent fund for the support of the school, several paintings now hung in the hall, and a Chickering concert grand piano. At his death which occurred on the 25th of April, 1872, Mr. Stevens bequeathed $40,000 in addition, the interest of which is to be used for the support of the school, making his donations for this pur- pose $65,000, $50,000 of which must forever remain as a fund for its benefit. The three districts in Claremont village were consolidated and made one district in 1884, and called "Union School District," and is under the management of a Board of Education, composed of six gentlemen, chosen by the district. The scholars are, under the present arrange- ment, in five primary, three intermediate and one grammar school. Claremont has six churches, viz: Congregational, Universalist, Episcopalian, Methodist, Baptist and Roman Catholic. It has the " Fiske Free Library," founded by the munificence of Mr. Samuel P. Fiske, a native of Claremont, who donated two thousand volumes, to which has since been added some six hundred new books, and the whole number at the present time is about four thousand volumes. The town also has a National Bank, a Savings Bank, four good hotels, two weekly newspapers, and all the advantages of an enterprising, progressive -and cul- tured New England community. Its railroad facilities comprise the Sullivan Railroad and the Concord and Claremont Rail- road. The Sullivan Railroad runs from Bellows Falls, Vt., through Charlestown and Clare- mont, to Windsor, Vt. It connects at Bellows Falls with the Cheshire Railroad for Boston via Keene and Fitchburg ; the Valley Railroad for New York via Springfield and Hartford ; the Rutland Railroad for Montreal and the West ; and at Claremont Junction with the Concord and Claremont Railroad at Concord and Boston, and at Windsor with the Central Vermont Railroad for St. Albans, Montreal and the West. The Sullivan was finished and opened for business in 1849, is owned and operated by the Connecticut River Railroad Company, and has a double track from Bellows Falls to Charlestown. The Concord and Claremont Railroad runs from Claremont Junction, via Newport and Bradford, to Concord, where it connects with the Concord Railroad for Boston, and with the Northern and Boston, Concord and Montreal Railroads, at Contoocook it connects with the Monadnock, Peterborough and Hillsborough Railroad for Winchendon, Mass., via Hillsborough and Petersborough. This road was opened to Claremont in September, 1872. Other roads have been surveyed, giving outlets to this town in other directions, and will undoubtedly be built at no distant period. Extensive business blocks are being erected in this village the present year. An excellent system of water works has just been completed and put in operation for the benefit of the town< and on every hand are unmistakable evidences not only of growing wealth and prosperity, but also of that spirit of social, moral and intellectual refinement and culture which goes far to make this, in every essential respect, a desirable place of residence. Sugar River Paper Mill Company, Paper Manufacturers. The manufacture of paper has become a very large and important industry in the United States, not only by reason of the vast amount of capital invested in it, but by rea- son of the superiority of the goods our manufac- turers are now able to produce, and which are attracting great attention in England and other foreign countries, which previously had the monopoly of this class of manufacture. The Sugar Eiver Paper Mill Co., of Claremont, N. H., has long been associated in this trade, and for a bright energetic concern, well received in this market, we do not know a better. This business was organized as an incorporated company in the year 1866 with a cash capital of 100,000. When we state that it hasa product of eight tons of paper per day and does an annual volume of business exceeding $300, 000 some idea of its extent maybe formed. The specialty of manufacture is book and news paper, and in thislinethey have reached a position in the trade of special pre-eminence. The uniformity of the papers here turned out, their freedom from imperfection and their strength are well-known to parties using their stock. The mill itself is an extensive building, solidly and substantially built of brick, two stori es high and measuring 45x100 feet with an L attachment measuring 45x145 feet. As many as ninety experienced assistants are all the time employed in this industry, thus affording sustenance and work to a goodly number of poor families. We might add that the trade of the Sugar Eiver Paper Mill Co. is not confined to any one locality or section, butextends all over the United States, from east to west. The following gentlemen con- stitute the officers of the company, John Tyler, Esq. , president ; John L. Farwell, Esq., treasurer : J. T.Emerson, Esq., agent. They are all natives of Claremont, where they are well and favorably known in both commercial and social circles. C. A. H. Perkins, Books, Stationery, etc., Tremont Square. A well conducted and deserv- edly popular mercantile establishment is that of Mr. C. A. H. Perkins, dealer in books, stationery, school supplies, etc., on Tremont Square. The attractive store contains a well selected stock of the goods usually to be met with at a first-class metropolitan book store, and although but little more than fairly established a large and liberal patronage has already been secured. Mr. Perkins is a young man of sterling business tact and energy. He embarked in the present enterprise in the early part of 1887, and by able and popular management has reared a prosperous and fast increasing trade and even the general respect and esteem of this his native town. Austin W. Gee, Undertaker, Dickinson's Block, Tremont Square. The business of this es- tablishment was founded many years ago by Mr. E. H. Barker, from whom the present proprietor purchased it in April, 1886. The store has an 226 area of 20x60 feet, and it is very neatly fitted up and admirably arranged. Here are displayed caskets and coffins of every description, robes, thibet. cashmere, etc. The stock is the largest and most complete of its kind in the city. Every- thing required for funerals is furnished by Mr. Gee promptly, and so well are the duties per- formed that the services of this gentleman are generally sought after by bereaved friends and relatives. Caskets and coffins in any style can always be had, also robes and general furnishing and carriages: and, when desired, Mr. Gee will obtain the grave or burial lot in any of the ceme- teries throughout this vicinity. As a funeral furnisher and director, he takes full charge of affairs from the house to the cemetery, and will be found prompt in his attendance to all calls, either day or night. He embalms bodies by a new method, which cannot fail to give the best satisfaction. Mr. Gee is a native of Marlow, in this state, and has resided in Claremont for several years, where he is well known in business and social circles. S. A. Dyke, Harness, etc., Tremont Square. Among the attractive and prosperous business enterprises located in this great shopping district will be found that of Mr. S. A. Dyke, manufacturer of and dealer in fine harness, also trunks, valises, and all horse goods and carriage equipments, on Tremont Square. This business was established in 1877 by Mr. L. D. Patten, who was succeeded by the present proprietor in 1886. The commo- dious and well ordered premises are supplied with all requisite facilities for turning out the finest work, of which a specialty is made, a large, well selected general stock of goods is carried, and an extensive and prosperous business is enjoyed. Mr, Dyke is a native of Littleton, N. H., and a practical harness maker of thirty -four years ex- perience. By active and able management he has materially augmented the old time prosperity of the business. Jonas Hastings, Meats. The provision trade is one of the leading business interests of any community, its province being to supply a staple necessity of the people. An old established local house to be mentioned in this connection is that of Mr. Jonas Hastings, dealer in choice beef, mutton, veal, pork, etc., on Tremont street. This business was originally established some thirty years ago, and has been under the present proprietorship since 1879. The premises are at- tractively fitted up and supplied with all the modern facilities for the advantageous handling and display of the large, well selected and com- plete stock of goods. Attentive salesmen and a delivery team are kept busy in attending to the wants of the many patrons, and an exceedingly prosperous general trade is enjoyed. Mr. Hast- ings is a native of New Hampshire, and a skilful butcher. By able and popular management he has built up a fine business. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 227 Claremont National Bank, Tremont Square. The Claremont National Bank was first incorporated as a state bank in 1848, and reorgan- ized under the national banking laws in 1864. It has a cash capital of $150,000, a present surplus of 66,000, and is officered as follows, viz : president, John L. Farwell ; cashier, George N. Farwell, assistant cashier^ John L. Farrell, Jr.; directors, W. E. Tutherly, Chester Pike, John L. Farwell, "Wm. Breck, E. J. Tenney, Francis Locke, George N. Farwell. The bank occupies its own building, erected in 1876, and one of the most substantial and handsome struc- tures in the town. It is of red brick with white stone trimmings, two stories in height, and front- ing on Tremont square. The banking rooms are spacious and elegantly appointed, affording ample accommodation to the public, and possess- ing every convenience for facilitating the business in hand. The building is occupied exclusively by the Claremont National Bank and the Sullivan Savings Institution, and is one of the finest for the purpose in the state. A general banking business is transacted, including the receiving of deposits, the discounting of approved commercial paper, the collection of drafts, and the delivering of first-class securities of all kinds. From its inception this bank has retained the confidence of the public in a marked degree. Under its present wise and conservative management this bank is doing a large and safe business, all its movements being marked by prudence, caution and honorable business methods, and it is uni- versally recognized as one of those solid, ably- conducted institutions that reflect credit alike upon their officers and the community in which they are situated. Its executive officers are gentlemen with whom it is always a pleasure to do business. Prompt, obliging and efficient in all their dealings with the public, they are naturally popular, and uphold the credit of the bank in both financial, business and social life. The president, Mr. John L. Farwell, is a native of Claremont, and one of the best known men in this section of the state. He has represented the town in the State Legislature, and was the father of the guaranty savings bank bill which has been the best possible protection to the depositor, and has since been adopted by the states of Maine, Massachusetts and Vermont. He is also treas- urer in the Sugar River Paper Mill and its largest stockholder ; n director of the Memphis and Little Rock, the Indiana, Bloomington and Western, and other Railroads, and is prominent in every good word and work for the welfare and prosperity of his town, county and state. The cashier and the assistant cashier are" both sons of the president, trained in the banking business from their youth up, and eminently fitted for the successful discharge of the duties of their respec- tive positions, while the board of directors com- prises much of the solid business element of this community. Sullivan House, H. G. Fitch & Son, Pro- prietors. The first thing a traveler looks for on arriving in the city is a first-class, comfortable hotel, where the charges are fair and reasonable. On visiting Claremont he will find all his desires in this respect gratified by taking up his abode at the Sullivan House, a finely furnished, sub- stantially built hostelry. The Sullivan was opened many years ago, and in March, 3885, Messrs. H. G. Fitch & Son (Mr. Elmer E. Fitch), became the proprietors. These gentlemen are natives of Claremont. For two years they were in the hotel business in North Dakota, and at one time conducted the Hotel Belmont in this city. The Sullivan is a three-story frame building 40x50 feet in dimensions, and attached to this is an L 30x50 feet in measurement. There is ac- commodation for seventy-five guests, and the dining-room will seat sixty persons. Connected with the house is a well stocked bar-room, and the house throughout is very handsomely and comfortably furnished. The house is lighted by gas, heated by stoves, and the various apartments are furnished with electric call bells and all modern conveniences. In case of fire, the means of escape are provided in the rear of the house. Here one can obtain pleasant, home-like rooms, well furnished and ventilated, and supplied with comfortable beds. An excellent table is kept, and prompt and courteous service is given to every guest. The Sullivan is the most popular hotel in town in this respect. The Messrs. Fitch are among the best known landlords of Claremont, are universally liked and esteemed for their strict integrity and genial disposition. Connected with the house is a well appointed livery stable, stock- ed with first-class turn-outs. McCullough & Nichols', Livery. A well equipped and well conducted livery stable is an important acquisition to any community, and in this connection as a representative local establish- ment is mentioned that of Messrs. McCullough and Nichols, proprietors of the Sullivan House Livery, Feed and Coach Stables. This business was started in 1880 by Mr. H. F. Nichols, who in 1884 was joined by Mr. John McCullough under the present title. The spacious and conveniently arranged premises afford accommodations for thirty horses, besides vehicles, feed, etc., and first-class single or double teams are furnished promptly for either business or pleasure driving. This house makes a specialty of selling horses, buggies, stylish harness, etc., and in the last nine months have sold one hundred and thirty hames. Of the firm Mr. McCullough is a native of Ver- mont, and Mr. Nichols of this state. Both are thoroughly conversant with the business in hand and among their many patrons are regarded as leading Claremont livery men. George F. Scott s* Variety Store, Pleasant Street. One of the most popular mer- cantile establishments in this busy town is the variety store of Mr. Geo. F. Scott. The premises consisting of a store and basement 20x55 feet in dimensions are fitted up in a convenient and highly attractive manner and upon the shelves and counters is displayed a large well selected stock of fancy dry goods, crockery, glass, tinware, stationery, toys, holiday goods, etc. The store is a favorite resort for the shopping public, and a prosperous local trade is enjoyed. Mr. Scott is a native of New Hampshire and an experienced tradesman having been for twelve years formerly in business in Boston. He embarked in the pres- ent enterprise in 1883 and by able and popular management has built up a fine business. 228 CITY OF CLABEMONT. Herbert Bailey, Manufacturer of Under- shirts and Drawers. Mr. Herbert Bailey presides over as the sole proprietor of, one of the leading industries of this place. This gentleman devotes his entire time to and has invested considerable capital in the manufacture of undershirts and drawers. In these two departments of manufac- ture his firm has scored an eminent success, and won the record of which is unexcelled by any similar manufacturing firm in the United States. The history of this eminent concern dates back to the year 1877, and we can truthfully pay that since the inception of the business it has only met with uninterrupted success. The mill itself is a very old one, but under the present adminis- tration important changes and additions have been made to it so that to-day it is to all extents and purposes a new concern. The present busi- ness has been under the proprietorship of Mr. Herbert Bailey since 1877. It is in every sense a first-class establishment. The dimensions of the building are 38x100 feet, with an additional ex- tension measuring 38x70 feet. In connection herewith are several storehouses, the larger of which is- 165 feet long and 36 feet deep. The offices of the firm are very spacious, and are handsomely and neatly fitted up and furnished with all the modern conveniences. As we have already intimated this concern is interested solely in the manufacture of undershirts and drawers, embraces all kinds and varieties of these goods from the finest to the cheapest both in all wool and in cotton goods. A specialty moreover is made in heavy goods. The concern enjoy, we might say, a national reputation in heavy goods. These are eagerly sought after by buyers, and where once sold they have been sure to lead right along to duplicating and extending orders. As many as eighty skilled and experienced hands are all the time engaged in the factory, a goodly number of whom have been employed by the firm for years. Not only in the manufacture of these goods but in the manner in which they are done up in packing and for shipment, Mr. Herbert Bailey deserves special mention. A very impor- tant feature here is that the paper boxes, a vast quantity of which are annually consumed here, are all manufactured upon the premises. Thus in every minor detail the utmost vigilance and care are taken to secure superiority. All through- out the New England States an immense con- sumption exists for these goods. Messrs. Case, Leland & Co., of Boston and New York, are the mill's sel ling agents, and in .the selection of such a representative firm of selling agents Mr. Herbert Bailey is to be congratulated. Mr. Bailey is a native of New Hampshire, and is a middle-aged but very active and enterprising manufacturer. He was formerly in the same character of busi- ness in Enfield, N. H., and removed to his present mill in order to obtain better facilities. A. M. Hannaford, Dealer in Coffins and Caskets, etc, Pleasant Street. Mr. Hannaford is the largest dealer in furniture in this section of the state. His stock consists of a very choice selection of parlor and bed-room suits, a stock of crockery, glassware, wooden ware, plated ware and house furnishing goods generally. His store is the largest of the kind in the city and the goods can be seen to the very best advantage. One of the chief features of this business is that of under- taking. Here are always to he found coffins, and caskets of every description. The business was orignally established about seventeen years ago, and through the energy and well directed guidance of the management has become the principal firm in this character of business in this vicinity. The origin of the business was a moderate one and its success can be entirely traced to superior manage- ment. In the choice of trimmings and mount- ings only the best are used. At this establish- ment burial clothes of all descriptions are kept in stock, bodies are enbalmed and put on ice in the most satisfactory and scientific manner ; carriages are furnished at a moments notice for funerals or for wedding parties, and in fact everything per- taining to this department of business is looked after in the most thorough and effective manner. His store and stock are among the largest in this place. The former occupies three floors each 30x60 feet, and this commodious building is taxed to its utmost limit in the storage and display of this heavy stock. Mr. Hannaford is a native of New York and possesses all the vim and drive belonging to the New York merchant. He is a middle aged, well preserved man who is well and popularly known among a large circle of trade acquaintances. Star Clothing House, Corner Broad and Sullivan Streets, Tremont Square. This is another popular and leading store in this place, and worthy of prominent mention in the pages of the present work. The Star Clothing House, as the name implies, is a brilliant organization engaged in the clothing trade. It was established in 1883 by Mr. Patrick Kelly, and Mr. G. P Hun- ton continued thebusinessuntil March 1885, when Mr. E. F. Eobinson was taken as partner, and the business continued in the control of these gentle- men since that time, and right from its infancy it has enjoyed a course of uninterrupted prosperity. Here are to be found a full and extensive line of clothing, hats, caps and gent's furnishing goods. These goods are all purchased by the members of the firm themselves, who are intimately conver- sant with every detail of fabric and make-up. Special care is taken to obtain early in the season and in advance of their competitors new goods and all the novelties of the season. In addition to the above mentioned lines of stock the Star Clothing House has added lately anew, superior and elegant line of trunks and a number of specialties in jewelry, such as sleeve-buttons, studs, etc. , for gentlemen's wear. The store occu- pied by this firm is a roomy and capacious build- ing measuring 40x50 feet, and is filled to over- flowing with the vast amount of stock necessary to be constantly carried on hand to meet the exigencies of the trade's demands. A number of efficient and competent clerks are in attendance to wait upon customers, and the entire business is conducted upon metropolitan principles. The individual members of the firm are Messrs. G. P. Hunton and E. F. Robinson. The former is a native of Vermont and the latter of Massachusetts. They are both young men and possess an energy and activity in business which are sure to bring forth much more than ordinary results. They stand very high indeed in both social and com- mercial circles. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 229 The Sullivan Machine Company, Manufacturers of Well Boring Drills, Quarrying Machines, General Machinery and Foundry Work. The Sullivan Machine Co. 's works are the most extensive of their kind in Claremont. They cover an area of several acres, and the products of the concern are shipped to every section of the United States. This enterprise had its origin in a small iron foundry established by Mr. Roswell Elmer for casting plows, stoves, potash kettles, etc. He was succeeded by Mr. George W. Emer- son, who continued the manufacture of plows, etc., for seven or eight years prior to 1850, when he built the original machine shop, now forming a part of the extensive works of the company. This shop Messrs. D. A. Clay & Co. (of which Mr. J. P. Upham was a partner) leased, and in 1851 they began business as general machinists. Mr. Upham subsequently purchased the property, erected additional buildings, equipped them with all necessary tools and other mechanical appli- ances, and carried on business as a manufacturer of water-wheels and machinery of all kinds. In 1868 the Sullivan Machine Co. was organized and took control of the business. In the following year the company was incorporated with a capital of 200,000. The officers of the company are : J. P. Upham, president; C. B. Rice, treasurer; Albert Ball, superintendent. Mr. Upham, who has been at the head of this business for more than thirty years, is a native of Claremont. The com- I pauy have now in its service men holding respon- i sible positions who have been identified with the concern ever since Mr. Upham became connected ! with the business. The superintendent, Mr. I Albert Ball, has designed and perfected some of | the most valuable manufacturing appliances now in use. Mr. Ball is spoken of as being an emi- j nently ingenious and distinguished mechanic, and j a valuable member of this company. He is the inventor of Diamond drilling machines and many different machines. One of the first repeating rifles and also cartridge loading machines were invented by him. The works comprise machine shops and smithy foundries, and pattern shops | with many storehouses and iron sheds. The ; foundry is provided with two cupolas of seven to eight tons capacity and with other furnaces for melting copper, Babbitt metal, bronze, etc. From sixty to eighty hands are em- ployed, and the manufactures of the concern are : patent new improvad hydraulic-feed diamond prospecting and well-boring drills, special light prospecting drills for working in tunnels and mines, diamond quarrying machines, watgr wheels, flume and scroll ; and water-wheel regu- lars, flexible woven cop tubes, paper roving cans, crackers or crushers for corn, either shelled or on cob, which can be used incidentally for power shel- lers ; rag-baling presses ; and general machine and foundry work. They also devise and build special machinery. Besides the prospecting drill, a specialty is made of the patent diamond quarry- ing drill, the patent for which the company also own. This drill is used for quarrying marble, slate and other valuable stone notably in Ver- mont, where it has materially lessened the cost of quarrying the apparently inexhaustible mines of that useful commodity. Besides the sale of very many of those drills this company now own and run on contract, in the marble quarries of Ver- mont, quite a number of them. The company have a brisk trade with all parts of the Union, and ship goods to Mexico, Canada, Australia and other foreign countries. George H. Stowell, Dealer in Hardware, Iron, Steel, Coal, Lime, Seeds, Paints and Oils, etc., Brown's Block. Twenty-three years of unbroken prosperity marks the history of the well and favorably known establishment of Mr. George H. Stowell, dealer in hardware, iron, steel, paints and oils, and jobber and shipper of linseed oil, coal, lime, cement, grass seed, nails, etc., which is in all respects the largest and leading concern in its line in the city. This flourishing enterprise had its beginning in 1864, and from its inception has been conducted with a spirited enterprise and success worthy of commendation. In Brown's Block Mr. Stowell occupies two floors, each 22x60 feet in dimensions, and, in addition to these, he has three storehouses in other parts of the city, crowded with surplus stock. The sales- rooms are very neat in their fittings and appoint- ments, and the arrangements are methodical and of a character to facilitate the transaction of busi- ness. The premises are connected by telephone and all orders receive prompt and careful atten- tion. The stock is a large, varied and valuable one, and includes every description of builders' and general hardware, carpenters' and mechanics' tools, table and pocket cutlery, iron and steel of foreign and domestic manufacture, blacksmiths' goods, doors, sash and blinds, cordage, nails, agri- cultural tools and implements of all kinds, grass seeds, Bradley's fertilizers, crockery and glass- ware, whips, lime, cement, paints, oils, etc. The business is both wholesale and retail in its character, and the trade extends throughout the city and county. A number of competent and experienced assistants are employed in the store, and the house is represented among dealers by traveling salesmen. Near the freight depot Mr. Stowell has a spacious yard provided with sheds and pockets, and all requisite facilities for con- ducting a large business in coal and wood. Mr. Stowell was born fifty-two years ago at Cornish. N. H. S. J. Koberts Jr., Meats, Tremont Street. One of the best conducted and most popular city establishments in the provision line is that of Mr. S. J. Koberts, Jr., dealer in choice beef, mutton, lamb, veal, pork, hams, bacon, corned- beef, tongue, poultry, etc., on Tremont street. This business was established in 1882 by C. H. Dole, Esq., who was succeeded in Jan., 1887, by Messrs. Roberts & Haubrich, and in March of the same year Mr. Roberts become sole proprietor. The market, 40x50 feet in size, is fitted up in a neat and attractive style, and every facility is at hand for the advantageous handling and display of the large, comprehensive and complete stock. The house handles Northern beef, also killing is done on the premises. Two clerks and a like number of delivery teams are employed, and a large and liberal city and suburban trade is en- joyed. Mr. Roberts is a gentleman thoroughly conversant with the meat trade, and he is popu- larly numbered among the foremost merchants in his line. He is a native of Bedford, Mass., and has made many friends in this city. 230 CITY OF CLAREMONT. George Li. Balcom, Manufacturer of Unions, Cotton and Woollen Wraps, Cassimeres, Cloakings, Diagonals, etc. The business so suc- cessfully conducted by Mr. George L. Balcom, located at Fall No. 8 on South Side, was founded about 1833 by the Sullivan Manufacturing Co., who engaged in the production of woollen goods. The company erected the main building in 1834 for the manufacture of satinets. The corpora- tion, however, succumbed to the pressure of hard times, and on April 10, 1844, their real estate passed into the hands of Thomas Sanford and William Rossiter, who carried on the business of manufacturing satinets and other goods till July, 1857, when they disposed of their business to Mr. Geo. L. Balcom. This gentleman was born October 19, 1819, at Sudbury, Mass. In 1837 he was employed as a clerk in Boston, and later in Philadelphia passed two years at Harvard Uni- versity. In 1847 he went to Proctorsville, Vt., as bookkeeper for Gilson, Smith & Co., woollen manufacturers. In the following year he was made superintendent of the mill, and in 1850 became a partner in the concern under the style of Smith & Balcom. This partnership subsisted for seven years, until 1857, when he purchased, as before mentioned, his mill at Claremont. In 1859 he also became sole proprietor of the mill at Proctorsville, Vt., and operated it in connection with his mill at Claremont. Mr. Balcom repre- sented Cavendish, Vt., in the Legislature of Ver- mont in 1855 and 1856 and in the extra session of 1857. In 1868 he visited Europe, and in 1883 he represented Claremont in the New Hampshire Legislature. Mr. Balcom is a gentleman of cul- ture, and has the finest private library in Clare- mont, probably in Sullivan Co. He is a mem- ber and vice-president of the New Hampshire Historical Society, takes great interest in histori- cal research, and has one of the largest collections of New Hampshire works in the state, public or private. He is a thoroughly representative New England manufacturer, and his products have a high standard value in the market. The plant covers twelve acres. The mill, containing three floors and basement, is 36x98 feet in dimen- sions. The other buildings are: Dyehouse, 24x38 feet in dimensions ; storeroom, 14x34 feet ; woodshed, 76 feet long ; open shed 30x60 feet ; brick picker house, six tenements and boarding houses, owned and controlled by Mr. Balcom ; and office and storehouse 30x50 feet. Mr. Bal- com's mill has two water-wheels, three sets of 44 inch cards, eight hundred and eighty spindles and twenty-five looms, employs fifty-five hands, uses 140,000 pounds of wool and manufactures tricots, cloakings, diagonals, union, cassimeres. The products comprise about 120,000 yards per annum. The selling agents are Messrs. Mackin- tosh, Green & Co., of New York and Boston, and the goods are to be purchased in all parts of the Union. Edwin C. Fisher, Photographer, Perry's Block. Among the representative men of Clare- mont we should not fail to mention the name of Mr. Edwin C. Fisher, who is located on Perry's Block and who enjoys the hearty support, confi- dence and respect of the citizens. This gentleman was born and brought upright among these people and consequently is no stranger to them. The profession in which he is engaged and in which he is a prominent specialist is that of a photog- rapher. The business was established by Mr. Fisher in the year 1886, and in the brief period of its existence the patronage of the concern has doubled itself during the past six months to that of the previous six months. Mr. Fisber has the advantage of enjoying very large and pleasant operating rooms and reception rooms, a very im- portant factor in an establishment of this kind, and one thoroughly appreciated by his numerous friends and patrons. The site of this photographic gallery is an old and familiar one, and is patron- ized by all the wealthy and leading citizens of this place. Here are to be found all the newest and most recently perfected apparatus known in the processes of this business and the work turned out by the same is really first-class. In addition to ordinary photographic work a specialty is made of all kinds of landscape and portrait work. We have also been much interested in other really good exhibits at this establishment in water col- ors, crayons, pastel paintings, india inks, etc. These do credit to this promising artist, and are not only attracting the attention of citizens in the locality but are highly commended even by the professional brethren and competitors of Mr. Fisher. Whilst this young gentleman has only had an experience of three years in this business, he has produced work that others who have lived for three-score years have not attempted. His gallery is very popularly known, and is well pat- ronized. We are pleased to note this encourage- ment which the really artistic work of this artist is receiving. The Boston Branch Boot and Shoe Store, Pattens Block ; E. J. Shattuck, Agent. A newly established mercantile enterprise, but one which bids fairly to soon take a front rank in the local trade is that of Mr. E. G. Shattuck dealer in fine boots and shoes. Mr. Shattuck opened his commodious and attractive store in September, 1887, and his large fine stock of goods and upright, honorable dealing have already secured for him a wide popluarity and consequent large and fast in- creasing patronage. Mr. Shattuck is a shoe cutter by trade and a gentleman thoroughly conversant with the footwear business. He is generally pop- ular in all circles, and fully merits the success which is bound to crown his well directed and spirited management. H. !L. Brooks, Pharmacist, Main and Union Streets. The oldest drug store in this section of the state is that of Mr. H. L. Brooks. This busi- ness was established upwards of forty years ago by Mr. Luther Brown. In 1860 Mr. Levi Brooks succeeded to the management and was in turn succeeded in 1872 by his son, the present proprie- tor. The premises comprise a finely fitted up salesroom with a floor above for storage, and the stock embraces everything pertaining to 'a first- class family drug store. Prescriptions are skil- fully compounded, and a specialty is made of the preparation of one of the best asthma cures ex- tant. Mr. Brooks is a native of Suncook, N. H., and an experienced and capable pharmacist. He is a member of the State Pharmaceutical Associa- tion, also the Connecticut River Retail Druggists' Association. LEADING MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS. 231 F. Haubrich & Co., Dealers in Ready- Made Clothing, Hats, Caps, Furs, Trunks, Valises, and Gentlemen's Furnishing Goods, Perry's Block. The business of this concern was started in 1854 by Mr. F. Haubrich, who is a native of Prussia. For the past twenty-eight years the business has been conducted at its present stand, in Perry's Block, and it is one of the best known and most popular establishments in its line in the city. Mr. Haubrich entered into partnership with his present associate in the business, Mr. A. W. Hawkes, in 1875, who is a native of Massa- chusetts, and since then the style of the house has been F. Haubrich & Co. The premises occu- pied comprise three floors and basement, each 50x50 feet in dimensions, and they are very appropriately fitted up and arranged throughout. The firm carry the largest stock in the city of ready-made clothing, made of the best of mater- ials, in the prevailing styles, and in a thoroughly Workman-like manner. All the latest styles in hats and caps are represented, and the most recent novelties in dress shirts, cuflfs, collars, hosiery, neckwear, underwear, suspenders, and gentlemen's furnishing goods of every descrip- tion, are shown, together with a fine assortment of furs and a large assortment of trunks, valises,, etc. They manufacture a full line of fur coats and robes, and have an enviable reputation for their coon and seal coats. This house buys from first hands only at lowest prices for cash, thus enabling them to successfully meet all competition, by selling at the lowest possible prices. Union Toy Turning- Works, Main Street. Among the representative and reliable firms engaged in manufacturing in this interesting place we are pleased to mention the firm doing business under the firm name and style of the Union Toy Turning Works. The factory of this concern is located on Main street in the very centre of the business interests of the place. The business became established in the year 1880, since which date it has made a development of a most rapid nature. The special features of the business are general variety work, light turning and toy work. This is mostly custom work and made to order, the same coming from all parts of the United States ,but in most part from the larger cities like New York, Philadelphia, Boston and Chicago. In the manufacture of this class of goods the introduction of a number of special machines has become necessary. These are very expensive and embraces Weymouth lathes and the automatic Tucker lathes (of special construc- tion). The premises occupied in this industry consist of a two-story frame building 32x70 feet, which is thoroughly equipped in every depart- ment with the special machinery and tools as required in the business. As many as twenty skilled and experienced workmen are all the time kept employed. Mr. George H. Stowell, the head of this establishment, is a native of Clare- mont. He is an able, intelligent, mechanical man and is right at home in this business. He has been brought up to it since infancy and un- derstands it in every particular. He is a genial, social man and is much respected and popular in this community, where his patronage is quite extensive. Miller & Putnam, Stoves, Tinware, Plumbing, Furnace Work, etc., Tremont Square. This is an old established, popular business house, and one which is rendering useful and valuable service to the community. The business was founded in 1867 by Messrs. G. A. Stone & Co., who were succeeded by Mr. A. C. Stone. In 1886 Mr. J. O. Miller became the proprietor, and in August, 1887, he formed a partnership with Mr. E. W. Putnam, who is a native of Croydon, N. H. Mr. Miller was born at Chester, Vt. Their establishment is the largest of its kind in the city, and the patronage is drawn from all classes of the community. The premises occupied consist of two floors and basement, each of which has an area of 30x65 feet. In the rear of the store is a well-equipped workshop, where all kinds of tin, copper and sheet-iron work, plumbing, etc. , are executed with promptitude and skill. The firm employ a number of skilled artisans, and make a specialty of sanitary plumbing, gas and steam fitting, furnace work, and the manufacture of sheet metal goods. The facilities embrace all the machinery, tools and appliances that are applicable to the business. The store is very neatly fitted up and admirably arranged, and the stock carried is a very extensive and well selected one. It includes a large variety of cooking and heating stoves, furnaces, etc., a fine assortment of tin, copper and sheet-iron ware, wooden ware, house furnishing goods, Akron drain pipes, etc. Roofing and jobbing work are given immediate and satisfactory attention, and the charges in all instances are fair and equitable. Customers, in favoring the firm with their patronage, may trust implicitly in their reliability and depend fully on receiving the best value at the minimum cost. The Blue Store. This business was estab- lished under very auspicious circumstances by the present proprietors in 1876, and since its inception it has met with very gratitying success and en- couragement. The goods dealt in comprise quite a miscellaneous stock of dry goods, fancy goods, carpets, boots and shoes, etc. These are all pur- chased directly from the largest manufacturers east and are purchased in such large quantities that all the extra, special and cash discounts are obtained. In his methods of trading no man is better up to the times than Mr. Weed. He is a very bright and energetic merchant. Naturally a born merchant he has also had an active busi- ness career for the past thirty-three years, having moved to Claremont thirty-five years ago. He was a clerk five years with a Boston wholesale dry goods house, five years with Olstead Tufts & Co.'s general store and in his present since 1876. He is county treasurer and a member of the Board of Education, besides holding other prominent positions. The store has been occupied about twelve years, and is a large double store 50x60 feet, elegantly fitted up and elaborately furnished for this business. A number of efficient and competent clerks wait courteously upon cus- tomers. The head of this popular store, famil- iarly known as the Blue Store, is a native of the state of Massachusetts, and is a dashing and ener- getic merchant. As a private citizen he possesses the confidence and esteem of his fellow-men to a remarkable degree. 232 CITY CF CLAREMONT. I. D. Hall, Dry Goods, Groceries and General Stock. There is perhaps no more popular or thoroughly appreciated mercantile establishment in any community than the general store, where may be obtained all the staple articles of merchan- dise, together with many useful and ornamental things too numerous for classification. An old well known house of this character forms the im- mediate subject of the present sketch that of Mr. I. D. Hall, dealer in dry goods, groceries, country produce, cigars, tobacco, etc., at the junc- tion of Main and Union streets. This business was established many years ago, the store being one of the oldest in town, although only under the present ^proprietorship since 1880. The commodious and well appointed premises consist of two floors, each 33x40 feet in dimensions, and the stock of goods carried is large, well selected and complete. The store is a favorite purchasing depot for the surrounding residents, and a prosper- ous general business is enjoyed. Mr. Hall is a native of Cornish, N. H. In his seven years of establishment at this site he has reared a fine trade. Charles B. Spofford, Apothecary, Tre- mont Square. The popular and well known drug house of Mr. Charles B. Spofford was inaugurated in 1874. The founder was Mr. F. G. Winn, who was succeeded by the present proprietor in 1884. The store is handsomely fitted up, and all the surroundings indicate close and careful attention to detail. The stock carried embraces drugs, chemicals, family and proprietary remedies, toilet and fancy articles, druggists' sundries of all kinds, fancy goods, confectionery, cigars, etc. The as- sortments are always full and fresh, none but the purest and best goods being handled. Mr. Spof- ford is the manufacturer of Chilblain Cure and Richard's Bitters, and he gives special attention to the compounding of physicians' prescriptions and family recipes. Mr. Spofford is a native of Manchester, N. H., and is a member of the American Pharmaceutical Association. He is also secretary for the New Hampshire and Con- necticut River Pharmaceutical Associations, and with all his fellow tradesmen recognized as standing among the best in his special line of business. A. Boucher, Dealer in Groceries and Provi- sions, North Broad Street. This enterprising es- tablishment was founded many years ago, and in 1884 Mr. Boucher became the proprietor. He is a native of Claremont, thirty-one years of age. The premises occupied comprise salesroom and basement, each 50x60 feet in dimensions. The salesroom is finely fitted up, and is furnished with all the necessary conveniences for the display of merchandise and the conduct of the business. The stock carried comprise, a full line of choice, staple and fancy groceries, and all goods sold by him are pure in quality and of the best grades. The line of leas, coffees, spices, canned goods, sugar, syrups, dried fruits, flour, cheese, butter, etc., is purchased directly from importers and producers, and sold at the lowest prices. Mr. Boucher also carries constantly in stock a full line of provisions, crockery, glassware, housekeeping goods of all kinds, confectionery, cigars, tobaccos, etc., and popular prices prevail. C. Jones & Co., Dealers in Hardware and Groceries, No. 2 Rand's Block. The hardware and grocery establishment of Messrs. C. Jones & Co. has, from its origin in 1871, always been a favorite headquarters for supplies in its line of trade. The business was founded under its pres- ent title by Messrs. C. Jones and E. F. Merihew sixteen years ago. Mr. Jones retired in 1875, leaving Mr. Merihew sole proprietor. His busi- ness premises comprise salesroom and basement, each 20x50 feet in dimensions, with outside store houses and these are appropriately fitted up and arranged. The stock is a large and varied one. It embraces teas and coffees of the finest brands, flour, canned goods in great variety, butter, eggs, cheese, spices, fruits, sauces, table delicacies of every description, and everything usually classed as staple and fancy groceries, a full assortment of builders' and general hardware, carpenters' and machinists' tools, ready mixed paints, white lead, oils and varnishes, glass, putty, etc., agricultural implements of all kinds, and an almost endless variety of useful house furnishing goods. Prompt attention is given to all orders. Mr. Merihew is a native of New York State. W. B. Ellis & Co., Clothing, etc., No. 21 Tremont Square. Among the large and prosper- ous mercantile establishments located in this popular shopping district will be found that of Messrs. W. B. Ellis & Co. , dealers in clothing, hats, caps, gent's furnishing goods, trunks, valises, robes, furs, etc. This business was started under the present auspices in 1878, and from its incep- tion has been uniformly prosperous. The com- modious and handsomely appointed store is heavily stocked with the latest novelties and newest styles in the goods above enumerated. Messrs. W. B. Ellis and W. W. Jefferson, compos- ing the firm, are gentlemen of sterling business tact and enterprise, and by their able and popular management they have reared a trade which places them among the leading merchants in their line of this their native town. Rand & Rice, Stoves, Ranges and Furnaces, Plumbing and General Jobbing, No. 32 Pleasant Street. For the past thirty-five years the estab- lishment of Messrs. Rand & Rice has controlled a brisk trade in its line throughout Claremont and the county. The business was founded by the late Mr. S. S. Rand, who, two years ago, was suc- ceeded by his son, Mr. Fred De F. Rand, who is a native of Claremont, and who was brought up in the business. The latter, in 1887, formed a partnership with Mr. J. L. Rice, who is a native of Boscawen, N. H. They occupy a salesroom and basement each of which is 30x50 feet in dimen- sions, and at the rear of these they have a well equipped workshop, provided with all necessary tools and appliances. The store is filled with a fine stock of stoves, heaters, ranges and furnaces of the most approved styles, and house furnish- ing goods of every description, all of which are offered at the lowest possible prices. Specialties are made of the Crawford Grand Range and of the Magee Stoves and Boynton Furnaces. Plumbing, gas and steam fitting, roofing, etc., in all their branches are executed at the shortest notice in the most satisfactory and finished manner by competent workmen. UCSB Lib X - 000 457 436