THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 GIFT OF 
 Mrs. Carl A. Parker

 
 THE 
 
 M I JV E : 
 
 DRAMATIC POEM. 
 
 TO WHICH ARE ADDED 
 
 TWO HISTORIC ODES. 
 
 BY JOHN SARGENT, Es. 
 
 THE THIRD EDITION. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED FOR T. CADELL, JUN. AND W. DAVIES, 
 (SUCCESSORS TO MR. CADELL) STRAND. 
 
 1796.
 
 rn 
 
 i 
 
 I JV : 
 
 DRAMATIC POEM. 
 
 Fa; iiWo xtvQliriv 
 
 AESCHYLUS. 
 
 Approach"! great Nature ftudioufly behold, 
 And eye the Mine without a wifh for Gold. 
 
 POPE. 
 
 938751
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 it is often pleafing to the Reader 
 to be made acquainted with the accidental 
 origin of a Poem, I fhall not diflemble 
 that the following took its rife from a 
 fliort paragraph which appeared in the 
 public prints a few years ago. The pur- 
 port of it was, that a nobleman of great 
 rank at Vienna had been condemned to the 
 mines ; and that his wife, a lady of high 
 extraftion, and in the bloom of youth and 
 beauty, had taken the defperate refolution 
 of fharing his fate, and of accompanying 
 him to thofe abodes of wretchednefs. A
 
 VI PREFACE. 
 
 fimilar circumftance, I find, is related in 
 fome letters written by Mr. Everard, an 
 Italian, a tranflation of which is inferted in 
 the tenth volume of the Annual Regifter. 
 They contain an adventure, of which he 
 was witnefs, at the quickfilver mine at 
 Idria in Friuli ; and as they exprefs in a 
 natural and lively manner the feelings that 
 muft arife in every humane breaft upon 
 fuch an occafion, I mail take the liberty 
 to tranfcribe them. 
 
 LETTER I. 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 THE pleafure I always take in writ- 
 ing to you, wherever I am, and whatever
 
 PREFACE. Vii 
 
 doing, in fome meafure difpels my prefent 
 uneafinefs ; an uneafinefs caufed at once 
 by the difagreeable afpeft of every thing 
 round me, and by the more difagreeable 
 circumftances of the Count Alberti, with 
 whom you were once acquainted. You 
 remember him one of the gayeft, moft 
 agreeable perfons at the court of Vienna ; 
 at once the example of the men, and the 
 favourite of the fair fex. I often heard 
 you repeat his name with efteem, as one 
 of the few that did honour to the prefent 
 age ; as pofleffed of generality and pity in 
 the higheft degree ; as one who made no 
 other ufe of fortune, but to alleviate the 
 diftrefles of mankind. That gentleman, 
 Sir, I wifh I could fay is now no more ; 
 yet, too unhappily for him, he exifts, but
 
 Viii PREFACE. 
 
 in a fituation more terrible than the moft 
 gloomy imagination can conceive. 
 
 After pafling through feveral parts of 
 the Alps, and having vifited Germany, I 
 thought I could not well return home 
 without viliting the quickfilver mines at 
 Idria, and feeing thofe dreadful fubterra- 
 neous caverns, where thoufands are con- 
 demned to refidcj fhut out from all hopes 
 of ever feeing the cheerful light of the 
 fun, and obliged to toil out a miferable 
 life under the whips of imperious taflc- 
 mafters. Imagine to yourfelf an hole in 
 the fide of a mountain, of about five yards 
 over ; down this you are let in a kind of 
 bucket, more than a hundred fathom, the 
 
 profpeft growing ftill more gloomy, yet 
 
 
 ftill widening, as you defcend. At lengths
 
 PREFACE. IX 
 
 after Twinging in terrible fufpenfe for fome 
 time in this precarious lituation, you at 
 laft reach the bottom, and tread on the 
 ground ; which, by its hollow found un*. 
 der your feet, and the reverberations of 
 the echo, feems thundering at every ilep 
 you take. In this gloomy and frightful 
 folitude, you are enlightened by the feeble 
 gleam of lamps, here and there difpofed, 
 fo as that the wretched inhabitants of 
 thefe manfions can go from one part to 
 another without a guide. And yet let me 
 affure you, that though they by cuftom 
 could fee objefts very diftinftly by thofe 
 lights, I could fcarce difcern, for fome 
 time, any thing, not even the perfon who 
 came with me to mew me thefe fcenes of 
 horror. 
 
 From this defcription, I fuppofe, you
 
 X PREFACE. 
 
 have but a difagreeable idea of the place ; 
 yet let me affure you, that it is a palace, if 
 we compare the habitation with its inhabi- 
 tants. Such wretches my eyes never be- 
 held. The blacknefs of their vifages only 
 ferves to cover an horrid palenefs, caufed 
 by the noxious qualities of the mineral 
 they are employed in procuring. As they 
 in general confift of malefaciors con- 
 demned for life to this talk, they are fed 
 at the public expence ; but they feldom 
 confume much provifion, as they lofe their 
 appetites in a fhort time, and commonly 
 in about two years expire, from a total 
 contraction of all the joints of the body. 
 
 In this horrid manfion I walked after 
 my guide for fome time, pondering on 
 the ftrange tyranny and avarice of man- 
 kind, when I was accofted by a voice
 
 PREFACE. XI 
 
 behind me, calling me by name, and en- 
 quiring after my health with the moft 
 cordial affe&ion. I turned, and faw a 
 creature, all black and hideous, who ap- 
 proached me, and with a moft piteous ac- 
 cent demanding, " Ah ! Mr. Everard, don't 
 " you know me ?" Good God ! what was 
 my furprife, when through the veil of his 
 wretchednefs I difcovered the features of 
 my old and dear friend Alberti ! I flew 
 to him with afFe&ion, and, after a tear 
 of condolence, afked how he came there. 
 To this he replied, that having fought a 
 duel with a General of the Auftrian in- 
 fantry, againft the Emperor's command, 
 and having left him for dead, he was 
 obliged to fly into one of the forefts of 
 Iftria, where he was firft taken, and af- 
 terwards flickered, by fome banditti, who
 
 kii PREFACE* 
 
 had long infefted that quarter. With thefe 
 he had lived for nine months, till, by a 
 clofe inveftiture of the place in which they 
 were concealed, and after a very obftinate 
 refiftance, in which the greater part of 
 them were killed, he was taken and car- 
 ried to Vienna, in order to be broke alive 
 upon the wheel. However, upon arriv- 
 ing at the capital, he was quickly known ; 
 and feveral of the aflbciates of his accufa- 
 tion and danger witnemng his innocence, 
 his punifhment of the rack was changed 
 into that of perpetual confinement and la- 
 bour in the mines of Idria : a fentence, in 
 my opinion, a thoufand times worfe than 
 death. 
 
 As Alberti was giving me this account, 
 a young woman came up to him, who at 
 once I faw to be born for better fortune :
 
 PREFACE. XUI 
 
 the dreadful fituation of the place was not 
 able to deftroy her beauty ; and even in 
 this fcene of wretchednefs, fhe feemed to 
 have charms to grace the moft brilliant 
 aflembly. This Lady was in faft daugh- 
 ter to one of the firft families of Ger- 
 many ; and having tried every means to 
 procure her lover's pardon without effecl:, 
 was at laft refolved to mare his miferies, 
 as fhe could not relieve them. With him 
 fhe accordingly descended into thefe man- 
 fions, from whence few of the living re- 
 turn ; and with him fhe is contented to 
 live, forgetting the gaieties of life ; with 
 him to toil, defpifing the fplendors of opu- 
 lence, and contented with the confciouf- 
 nefs of her own conflancy. 
 
 I am, dear Sir, 
 
 Yours, &c,
 
 XIV PREFACE. 
 
 LETTER II. 
 
 DEAR SIR, 
 
 MY laft to you was expreflive, and 
 perhaps too much fo, of the gloomy fitua- 
 tion of my mind. I own the deplorable 
 lituation of the worthy man defcribed in 
 it, was enough to add double feverity to 
 the hideous manfion. At prefent, how- 
 ever, I have the happinefs of informing 
 you, that I was fpeftator of the moft af- 
 fefting fcene I ever yet beheld. Nine 
 days after I had written my laft, a perfon 
 came poft from Vienna to the little vil- 
 lage near the mouth of the greater fliaft : 
 he was foon followed by a iecond, and he 
 by a third. Their firft enquiry was after 
 the unfortunate Count ; and I happening 
 to overhear the demand, gave them the
 
 PREFACE. XV 
 
 beft information. Two of thefe were 
 the brother and coufin of the Lady ; the 
 third was an intimate friend and fellow- 
 foldier to the Count : they came with his 
 pardon, which had been procured by the 
 General with whom the duel had been 
 fought, and who was perfectly recovered 
 from his wounds. I led them with all 
 the expedition of joy down to his dreary 
 abode, and prefented to him his friends ; 
 and informed him of the happy change 
 in his circumftances. It would be impoffi- 
 ble to defcribe the joy that brightened in 
 his grief- worn countenance ; nor was the 
 young Lady's emotion lefs vivid at feeing 
 her friends, and hearing of her hulband's 
 freedom. Some hours were employed in 
 mending the appearance of this faithful 
 couple ; nor could I without a tear behold
 
 XVI PREFACE. 
 
 him taking leave of the former wretched 
 companions of his toil. To one he left 
 his mattock, to another his working 
 clothes, to a third his little houfehold 
 utenfils, fuch as were neceffary for him in 
 that fituation? We foon emerged from 
 the mine, when he once again revifited 
 the light of the fun, that he had totally 
 defpaired of ever feeing. A poft-chaife 
 and four were ready the next morning to 
 take them to Vienna ; where, I am fince 
 informed by a letter from himfelf, they 
 are returned. The Emprefs has- again 
 taken him into favour; his fortune and 
 rank are reftored ; and he and his fair part- 
 ner now have the pleating fatisfaftion of 
 feeling happinefs with double relifh, as they 
 once knew what it was to be miferable. 
 I am, dear Sir, 
 
 Yours, &c.
 
 PREFACE. XVH 
 
 TO this affefting detail of our Italian 
 traveller, I fhall fubjoin a picture of the 
 fame kind, delineated by the hand of an 
 eminent Greek hiftorian. It is the more 
 deferving notice, as it contains a curious 
 account of the manner in which the gold 
 mines were worked in the remoteft ages ; 
 and as it may convince us, however we 
 may pride ourfelves upon our advance- 
 ment in knowledge and refinement, that 
 we flill adopt the barbarous practices of 
 unenlightened times, when, in fpite of the 
 diftates of humanity, and of a pure and 
 benevolent religion, we perfift to inflift 
 upon our fellow-creatures a punifhment fo 
 much worfe than death *. 
 
 * It is but juft to remark, that fome of the principal 
 European mines are not converted to thefe tyrannical 
 b
 
 XV111 PREFACE. 
 
 " On the confines of Egypt, Arabia, 
 and Ethiopia," fays Diodorus Siculus, 
 " there is a traft of land abounding with 
 minerals, and particularly with gold, which 
 is extracted with infinite labour and ex- 
 pence. The foil, which is hard and black, 
 is interfered with veins of marble of the 
 moft brilliant whitenefs and luftre. In this 
 fpot the .fuperintendants of the mines em- 
 ploy a great number of workmen to pro- 
 cure the ore ; for the kings of Egypt fend 
 all thofe perfons to the mines who have 
 been convifted of any crime, as well as the 
 prifoners taken in war, and every one who, 
 
 purpofes. Thofe in the foreft of Hartz, which I have 
 vifited with peculiar pleafurc, are regulated by the moft 
 admirable rules of humanity and found policy. A curious 
 and pleafing account of that very fmgularand induftrious 
 community may be found in a work of Monf. de Luc, 
 intitled, " JLettres fur la Terre," torn. iii. lett. 63 & 64.
 
 * . PREFACE. XIX 
 
 being falfely or juftly accufed, has incur- 
 red their refentment. Their families are 
 often involved in the fame fate ; and their 
 fovereign, by thefe means, not only fatisfies 
 his vengeance, but derives a great advan- 
 tage from their punifhment. Thefe un- 
 happy perfons, the number of whom is 
 very confiderable, have chains faftened upon 
 their legs, and are condemned to toil day 
 and night without intermiffion, or any hope 
 of efcaping from their wretchednefs : for 
 they have foreign foldiers fet over them, 
 who fpeak a different language from them- 
 felves, which renders it impoflible for 
 them to corrupt their guards, either by fa- 
 miliarity or promifes. When the foil which 
 contains the ore is too hard, they foften it 
 by fire ; after which they apply their ma- 
 nual exertions, and break it in pieces with 
 b 2
 
 XX PREFACE. 
 
 iron tools adapted to that purpofe. A Ikil- 
 ful perfon fuperintends the bufinefs, who is 
 acquainted with the veins of the mine, 
 and direfls the workmen to them. The 
 ftrongeft prifoners are employed to cleave 
 the rocks with fharp iron maliets ; a work 
 which demands only bodily ftrength, and 
 no fuperior dexterity. They drive their 
 wedges obliquely, as they are directed by 
 the glimmering of the ore ; and as it is 
 often rieceffary to make fudden turns to 
 follow the veins of the mineral, and be^ 
 caufe the fubterraneous cavities in which 
 they work are extremely dark, they have 
 lamps affixed to their foreheads. By va- 
 rying their poflure as often as their fitua- 
 tion requires it, they break off the pieces 
 of rock, which fall down at their feet. In 
 this manner they toil inceflantly, being
 
 PREFACE. XXI 
 
 compelled by the menaces and the ftripes 
 of their tafk-mafters. Into the f mailer 
 cavities of the rock little children are fent, 
 who extraft from thence the minute pieces 
 of ore, and convey them to the mouth of 
 the mine. The men of about thirty years 
 of age have a certain quantity of the mi- 
 neral given them, which they pound in 
 mortars with iron peftles, and reduce to 
 the fize of a grain of millet. The women 
 and old men then receive it, and placing 
 it under grind-ftones, which are ranged in 
 order for that purpofe, they difpofe of 
 themfelves two or three to each mill, and 
 grind it till they have reduced it to the 
 finenefs of meal, of which they have a 
 fample given them. It is impoflible not to 
 compaflionate the extreme mifery of thefe 
 wretches, who are not permitted to be-
 
 XX11 PREFACE. 
 
 flow any care on their perfons, nor to co- 
 ver their nakednefs. No mercy is at any 
 time fhewn either to the fick or maimed, 
 to the weaknefs of the female fex, or the 
 debility of age ; but they are compelled by 
 ftripes to perfevere, till their ftrength is 
 exhaufted, and they expire with fatigue *. 
 Thus thefe unfortunate people have no hope 
 but in death, and the horrors of their fitu- 
 ation make them dread the prolongation of 
 
 * The fufferings of thofe who were condemned to this 
 txquifite punifhment, gave occafion, as LeClerc'con- 
 jeclures, to the fi&ions of the ancients refpefting Hades, 
 or the fhades below According to tradition, he was 
 king of Epirus, in which country, we learn from Strabo, 
 that there were many mines. He was efteemedthe God 
 of Riches on this account, and denominated Plutus ; and 
 was fuppofed alfo to prefide over the dead, becaufe few 
 who entered thofe fubterraneous abodes ever returned 
 from them. We find the young man in the Captives of 
 Plautus, who was juft returned from the ftone quarries,
 
 PREFACE. XX111 
 
 life.The fuperintendants, who take the 
 ore when it is reduced to a fine powder, 
 finifh their work in the following manner : 
 They fpread it upon planks a little in- 
 clined, and wafh it copioufly with water. 
 The earthy particles are thus carried away 
 by the force of the ftream, while the gold, 
 on account of its weight, is left behind. 
 This operation being frequently repeated, 
 they rub the ore lightly between their 
 hands ; after which they dry it with fine 
 fponges, till all impurity is removed, and 
 the powder is perfectly clean. Other work- 
 
 expreffing himfelf very feelingly on the occafion : 
 Vidi ego multa fzpe pifta quae Acherunti fierent 
 Cruciamenta, verum enimvero nulla adxque eft 
 
 Acheruns 
 Atque ubi ego fui in lapicidinis Ad. v. f. 4. 
 
 See LE CLERC'S Note to the Theogony of 
 Hefiud, p. 379, Robinfou's edit.
 
 XXIV PREFACE. 
 
 men then take it, and having weighed and 
 meafured it, put it into earthen pots. A 
 certain proportion of lead is afterwards 
 added to it, with a few grains of fait, a little 
 tin, and forae barley meal. They pour 
 the whole into covered veflels, exaftly 
 luted, which they place in a furnace for 
 five days and nights fucceflively : then, 
 having allowed it time to cool, no further 
 mixture of impure matter is found, but the 
 gold is entirely purified, with very little 
 wafte. Such is the manner in which they 
 obtain gold on the confines of Egypt, with 
 immenfe labour. Thus Nature herfelf 
 points out with what great difficulty the 
 acquifition of this metal is attended ; 
 which, when procured, can only be retain- 
 ed by extreme caution and diligence ; and
 
 PREFACE. XXV 
 
 the ufe of which is productive of fo much 
 delight and folicitude*!" 
 
 Such is the account of that humane 
 hiftorian. With refpeft to the following 
 poem, I fhall only detain the reader by 
 one fhort reflection. 
 
 As the limits of true philofophy are ex- 
 tended, the writer oi every fpecies of com- 
 pofition is entitled to avail himfelf of its 
 
 * Diodorus Siculus, lib. iii. p. 150. edit. Rhodo- 
 mani. It is probable the hiftorian was an eye-witnefs of 
 what he relates with fo much minutenefs, as he took 
 very extenfive journeys to collect materials for his work. 
 The reader who is defirous of knowing what analogy 
 there is between the ancient manner of working the gold 
 mines, and the procefs adopted at prefent, may compare 
 the above account with that of Don Antonio de Ulloa, 
 who defcribes the management of the mines of Caxa, in 
 the province of Quito. Ulloa, vol. i. p. 450.
 
 XXVI PREFACE. 
 
 difcoveries, and by deriving new images 
 and fimilitudes from them, to confer on his 
 work a greater degree of utility and em- 
 bellifliment. In an age when the ftudies of 
 natural hiftory are profecuted with pecu- 
 liar fuccefs, an attempt to unite poetry and 
 fcience * may perhaps not be unfavourably 
 received, or at leaft may be exempted 
 from the charge either of affeftation or 
 pedantry. It will occur to the candid, 
 that the imagination, in fuch cafes, may 
 
 * C'eft par la Poefie que 1'Hiftoire Naturelle penetre 
 jufques dans les cabinets de ceux qui ne prennent pas la 
 peine de 1'aller chercher dans les champs ou dans les 
 abfmes de la terre. Loifqu'une image nous a charme 
 dans un poemc, nous devenons curieux d'en voir la 
 rtalite, et nous ne 1'avons plutot vue que la memoire en 
 conferve le fidele depot." See a curious and mafterly 
 Diflertation of Profeffor Michaelis, on the reciprocal In- 
 fluence of Language and Opinion, p. 84, printed at Bre- 
 men, 1762 An Author of our own nation has
 
 PREFACE. XXvii 
 
 be indulged, without deferting truth ; and 
 that whatever contributes to bring us ac- 
 quainted with the works of Nature, has a 
 tendency both to enlarge the underftanding, 
 and to improve the heart. 
 
 pointed out, with great ingenuity, the beauties which 
 many eminent poets have derived from this fource. May 
 it not, however, juftly excite our furprife, that a writer 
 of fo much fagacity and tafte mould have profcribed 
 any part of the various productions of Nature, by pro- 
 nouncing " the mineral kingdom to be fteril, and unac- 
 commodated to defcription r" Eflay on the Poetical 
 Ufe of Natural Hiftory, by Mr. Aikin,p. 33. 
 
 LAVINCTON, 
 JULY 30, 1784.
 
 PERSONS of the DRAMA. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE, 7 
 
 V Hungarian Noblemen. 
 LEOPOLD, > 
 
 CONRAD, ~\ 
 
 FRED E R i c A Prif oners in the Mine. 
 
 JULIANA, ) 
 
 GNOMES and SUBTERRANEOUS SPIRITS. 
 
 v 
 
 SCENE, 
 The <j>uickjilver Mine at IDRIA * 
 
 * The Stage, whenever the Gnomes enter, is to be 
 fuddenly illuminated, but at other times is to be kept as 
 dark as poffible.
 
 THE 
 
 MINE. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE, LEOPOLD. 
 
 COUJJT MAURICE. 
 vJ U R fhort allotted interval of reft 
 From yon faint noife, I deem, is almoft fpent ; 
 For through this fubterraneous prifon-houfe 
 The fragrant breath of Heaven hath never blown 
 Nor know we the fweet interchange of day 
 And balmy night : we to laborious tafks 
 Arife, but thou to liberty and life. 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 Yet without thee, whofe generous aid fuflain'd 
 
 My fainting fpirit, how (hall I revifit 
 
 The day-fpring, how accept the proffer'd boon 
 
 Of long-wifh'd freedom ?
 
 2 THE MINE : 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 'Tis three months and more, 
 
 Since on this pendent vault, with trembling hand, 
 I etch'd the fad memorial of my name, 
 And on its fparry architrave began 
 To chronicle each day of growing woe ; 
 Yet innocence, and Heaven's kind difpenfation 
 To the deep fuffering of my defperate wrongs, 
 So reconcile me, that with this hard yoke 
 I quarrel not, but in my friend's releafe 
 A higher argument of comfort find, 
 Than forrow in my endlefs fervitude. 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 O wondrous virtue ! 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 What a fate was ours! 
 
 Aufpicious fortune fmil'd upon our birth, 
 Shower'd on our profperous head each lavifii gift 
 Of noblenefs and power, e'en with the bounty 
 Of a fond parent ; then with envious guile,
 
 A DRAMATIC ?OEM. 3 
 
 Like a harfli flep-dame, tore her boons away, 
 Made the meek nature of our Sovereign change 
 To bittereft cruelty, and turn'd our merit 
 Of loyal fervice to opprobrious guilt. 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 Was it for this, when faithlefs kings combin'd, 
 
 And in her youthful hand the fceptre {hook 
 When each fad hour was fruitful with the tidings 
 Of fome new lofs was it for this we fummon'd 
 Our vaflals to the field, brav'd every peril, 
 And made her boldly face a world in arms ? 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Yes, I remember when in Prefburg's walls 
 She fought her brave Hungarians ' ; in her arms 
 The infant prince fhe clafp'd, who to her neck 
 Clung trembling at the dazzling files, and found 
 Of martial minflrelfy : " Defend," fhe cried, 
 " Your Queen, with foes befet ; her Son proteft, 
 " And fave the guardian of your laws and realm,"
 
 4 THE MINE : 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 
 What loyalty, what ardent valour beam'd 
 In every eye ! Yet, the rough conflict pafl, 
 Our worthiefl deeds were loft, our love mifconftrued 
 To factious pride, and patriot zeal requited 
 With thefe difaftrous {hades and penal chains. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 Had we o'erleap'd each bound and high reftraint 
 
 Of facred duty againft the throne itfelf 
 Rais'd traiterous war what elfe had we deferv'd 
 Than to be pent within 'thefe difmal trafts 
 Of darknefs and affliction ?- to behold 
 Sights of infernal toil and horrid woe? 
 Our birth and noble natures to forget, 
 And mixing with a bafe proraifcuous crew, 
 To fhare the drudgery of their fervile tafks ? 
 But thy glad hour of freedom comes, and half 
 My fufterings end. 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 
 What boots it that the body 
 Be freed from harfh reftraint, if tyrannous grief
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 5 
 
 Inthrall the mind ? I will not, cannot leave thee ! 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 Spurn not thy Sovereign's mercy. Wouldft thou 
 
 make 
 My mifery more perfeft ? 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 
 No, I would dwell 
 
 For years contented in this vaporous dungeon, 
 Delve the thick-ribbed rocks with fervent toil, 
 And hear the viewlefs winds inceffant roar, 
 Imprifon'd like ourfelves within the depths 
 Of thefe perplexed labyrinths could I fhare 
 Thy woes, and ranfom our remaining age. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 Go, and may Heaven its own high purposes 
 
 Ordain ! Whate'er my portion, I exult 
 In thy deliverance : when thou (halt inhale 
 The breezy air, and with a thirfl as keen 
 As the parch'd Arab feels on Nubia's fand,
 
 5 THE MINE : 
 
 Drink the refrefhing ftream of living light 
 Thy foul-felt ecflacy (hall I partake 
 'Midft. this abhorr'd privation. But I'm fummon'd 
 To ignominious toil. Farewell for ever ! [Exeunt. 
 
 Enter a GNOMES and SUBTERRANEOUS 
 SPIRITS. 
 
 To us our Queen, who in the central earth, 
 'Midft fiery lavas, on bafaltine feas 
 Deep-thron'd, the illimitable wafte enjoys, 
 Enormous folitude ! has given thefe 
 Her fubterraneous realms ; bids us dwell here 
 In the abyfs of darknefs, and exert 
 Immortal Alchymy ; the crifped founts 
 To cryftallize, and point the gliftening fpar, 
 Ruby and hyacinth, and precious ore, 
 Quickening fell Avarice, and obdurate Pride. 
 Yet want we not fuch pleafures as befit 
 Celeftial minds : for in this boundlefs gulf, 
 When man, to whom a doleful prifon it feems,
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 
 
 Would wreak on Innocence fome foul revenge, 
 Her fainting virtue we fuftain, and waft 
 Her agonizing fighs to Mercy's ear. 
 But fee ! our Queen approaches. 
 
 QUEEN of the GNOMES, SUBTERRANEOUS 
 SPIRITS. 
 
 QUEEN. 
 
 Ye Gnomes, ye puiffant Spirits, who delight 
 To range th' unfathomable depths of night ; 
 Who thefe ftupendous realms undaunted fway, 
 To whom this cold is heat, this darknefs day ; 
 Speed thro' the earthy layers your fluid courfe, 
 Loofe the foft fand, the marie obftruftive force; 
 Of latent rills the bubbling fount unlock, 
 And gem with cryflal every gliflening rock ; 
 Each devious cleft, each fecret cell explore, 
 And from its fi (lures draw the duftile ore ; 
 Thro' ponderous fhades diffufe the golden rays, 
 And bid th' imperial Lord of Metals blaze * ;
 
 8 THE MINE : 
 
 His radiant form inveft with many a zone 4 , 
 And place the tyrant on Peruvia's throne. 
 From trickling drops diftil the filvery dew, 
 Pale as the crefcent's be its virgin hue : 
 The ftarry luftre let Platina fhare, 
 While wondering Dian hails her argent pair * : 
 To thefe the deadly grain of Saturn join, 
 And Cytherea's favourite ore combine 6 ; 
 Let each foft tint the beauteous mafs pervade, 
 And vivid lights contrail with ambient fhade. 
 'Midft flinty crags, on bed of glittering fpars, 
 Spread the red Mineral of indignant Mars : 
 Tho' fierce, he rufhes to the Magnet's fide, 
 And as an ardent bridegroom clafps his bride : 
 To his dark caves the Naiads lead by ftealth, 
 And let Hygeia boaft her liquid wealth 7 . 
 Quick as thro' night eleftric eddies gleam, 
 -Or atoms quiver in the folar beam, 
 Make the bright orbs of volant Hermes fhine, 
 And every charm refleft from Beauty's fhrine 8 .
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 9 
 
 Go too, ye minifters of wrath and pain, 
 Awake the horrors of our drear domain, 
 That ftartling mortals may confefs your might, 
 And own the wonders work'd in tenfold night : 
 In mineral cells the lecret damp prepare, 
 Sublime each fume, and fix the poifonous air ; 
 Of hoary fens exalt the flagnant breath, 
 And load the paffing gale with plagues and death 9. 
 Thro' yelling gulfs outrageous whirlwinds urge 10 , 
 Or curl the toffing pool with fiery furge " ; 
 Bid flaming catara&s round Vefuvius glow, 
 Bid Hecla thunder thro' incumbent fnow ; 
 From Cotopaxi's heights the deluge pour, 
 And melt a thoufand winters' frozen flore 12 ; 
 Beneath the main expanfive vapours raife, 
 And with metallic embers feed the blaze, 
 Till the black vortex of the water boils, 
 And Ocean wonders at his new-form'd ifles '* ; 
 Or riven mountains from their bafe are hurl'd ' 4 , 
 And elemental wars convulfe the world.
 
 1O THE MINE : 
 
 Such be your tafks to day : a chofen band 
 Within the precinb of this echoing mine 
 With me remain, to fuccour a fad pair 
 Whom the harfh mandate of misjudging rule, 
 And fuborn'd violence, here conftrain to dwell. 
 Now to your works. 
 
 The GNOMES divide andjmg. 
 
 Sylphs, no more in haunted groves 
 Boafl your vegetable loves ; 
 Nor the bloom young Zephyrs fling 
 O'er the vermil cheek of Spring ; 
 Nor the dewy fragrance, born 
 From the trefles of the morn. 
 Wherefoe'er our footfteps turn, 
 Rubies blufh, and diamonds burn ; 
 Every grot and filver cave 
 Streams of milk and amber lave I5 ;
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. II 
 
 And our bow'rs fuch perfumes give, 
 As mortals cannot tafte and live l6 j 
 From controuling feafons free, 
 We labour our high alchymy, 
 Nor borrow from the garifh day 
 One beam, to light us on our way ; 
 But beneath the Atlantic flood 
 Wind our fubterraneous road : 
 Our torch the phofporus, our car 
 The jacinth, or the emerald fpar. 
 Wondrous toils we here purfue, 
 Never ending, always new ; 
 Blending, in our vaft retreat, 
 Moift and dry, and cold and heat ; 
 Till our (kill prolific tries 
 All Nature's contrarieties. 
 
 QUEEN. 
 
 No more from yonder arch fome mournful ftcp 
 
 And plaintive fighs I hear. 'Tis Juliana ;
 
 J2 THE MINE : 
 
 Guide her, ye faithful Gnomes, left her foft foot 
 Againft the (harp flint prefs : and from her head 
 Brufli every noxious vapour. Hark ! {he ftrives 
 To wake the echoes of this lonefome cave : 
 We will retire and liften. 
 
 Exeunt the GNOMES, with their QUEEN. 
 
 JULIANA jtngs. 
 Ye grots and midnight fhade, 
 
 By toiling mifery vocal made, 
 Thro' your abhorr'd fojourn I cheerful rove ; 
 Each fcene of youth and pleafure fled, 
 Tho' to the world my heart be dead, - 
 Still let it live to innocence and love, 
 
 JULIANA, FREDERIC. 
 
 FREDERIC. 
 
 How does that fweet and lenient cadence differ 
 From the fierce parley and uproar, that rend 
 Thefe rocks and hideous caverns !
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 13 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Now the hour 
 
 Of tafk is nigh, and from their flinty pallets 
 The wretched inmates crawl, with haggard mien 
 Aduft, and unftrung arms unfit to wield 
 Their mafly implements : tho' I have look'd 
 Whole days upon this fcene of various woe, 
 Still when the mournful din and murmur fwell, 
 It flrikes me to the quick. But fure I fee 
 The hoary prifoner, whofe connderate kindnefs 
 lias challenged my regard ; through him perchance 
 I m&ytf&folv.e my doubts. Thou good old man, 
 Though bow'd with age and toil, who ftill art cheerful, 
 Would that the rneflenger of joyful tidings, 
 Who came laft night, had fpoke thy glad releafe ! 
 Know'ftthou for whom he brought the happy news ? 
 
 FREDERIC. 
 To Leopold he came; but the poor Count, 
 
 Though to his friend, they fay, he bade farewell
 
 14 THE MINE: 
 
 With tears of gladnefs and with heart-felt rapture, 
 Now pines with double anguifh. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Where where is he ? 
 
 Say, doft thou fee him at his wonted ftation ? 
 
 FREDERIC. 
 Scarce can I pierce the air with labouring eye, 
 
 Such pitchy darknefs reigns ; yet near yon rock, 
 Where drops the lingering ftream, a form I fee, 
 That refls incumbent on a wrenching mattock, 
 And feems entranc'd in melancholy thought. 
 
 JutlANA. 
 
 Alas ! 'tis he. Oh ! what a dreadful change 
 Has that mean garb, and the corrofive air, 
 Work'd on his youthful form ! 
 
 FREDERIC. 
 
 Thy bofom melts, 
 
 As for a friend, with agonizing pity : 
 Why art thou mov'd fo deeply?

 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 15 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 I have heard 
 
 The unexampled torments he endur'd, 
 And the bold ardor of his fleady foul : 
 When brib'd by his infidious foes with promife 
 Of pardon and of wealth, would he accufe 
 His innocent friend, he fcorn'd the bafe propofal, 
 And nobly chofe with Leopold to fuffer. 
 
 FREDERIC. 
 And the fair partner of his foul, if fame 
 
 Report the truth, confirm'd his generous purpofe ; 
 And, tho' of tranfient blifs fhe fcarce had tafted 
 A few .fhort moments, tore the bands afunder, 
 And to her love and life preferr'd his honour. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 How pure was her affeftion ! 
 
 ' FREDERIC. 
 
 The fad thought 
 
 Calls from thine eyes, I fee, the ftarting tears, 
 That filent fall beneath thy mantling veil.
 
 l6 THE MINE : 
 
 Pardon, fair ftranger, if thy forrows move 
 
 The curious pity of a wretch, who long 
 
 Has known this dread abode : tho' I have toil'd 
 
 For many a difmal year, ne'er have I feen 
 
 A form like thine, fo delicate and tender, 
 
 That, as an heavenly apparition, glides 
 
 Amidft the (hades of night. What ftrange defign 
 
 Of ardent friendfhip, or romantic courage, 
 
 Led thee this peftilential air to breathe ? 
 
 How couldft thou ever gain admittance here ? 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Vain was each effort ; but relenting fortune 
 Look'd down at laft, and profper'd all my wifhes ; 
 Oft the ftern guard refus'd, till foft intreaties, 
 And gold well-minifter'd, bent to my purpofe 
 His rugged foul. But fpare thy kind inquiries : 
 O queftion me no more ! 
 
 FREDERIC. 
 
 If fear or anguifh 
 Urge thee to hide thy fad myfterious errand,
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 1^ 
 
 Yet deign my friendly counfel to accept ; 
 For little doft thou know what perils dire 
 Thou muft encounter here, 'midfl chilling night 
 And poifonous mineral fumes. Hark ! how the horn, 
 With fhrill notes echoing round the vaulted rocks, 
 Proclaims the hour of toil. Now to our tafks 
 We go, with infult driven, and goading ftripes. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Oh worfe than burthen'd beafts ! they only feel 
 Immediate pain ; while your more fuffering minds 
 'Midft prefent anguifh image pafl delight, 
 And all the hopelefs future. 
 
 FREDERIC. 
 
 Ere I leave thee, 
 
 Let me unfold my fears, left aught thou fuffer 
 From bold incontinence. Lafl night, when all 
 Was funk in deep repofe, a youth I heard 
 Holding licentious converfe with his comrade, 
 Of thy fuperior charms; which much he boafted, 
 As having feen by the broad blaze of day :
 
 18 THE MINE: 
 
 Perhaps fome prifoner met thee at the mouth 
 Of this deep mine? 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Yes, fuch a one I faw, 
 
 When firft I trod the defolate abyfs ; 
 
 Stern was his brow, and dark ; as on his feet 
 
 They bound the cramping chains, he fmil'd in fcorn ; 
 
 With more than curious thought he feem'd to eye 
 
 And.meafure all my form. 
 
 FREDERIC. 
 
 'Tis he, I doubt not, 
 
 Who with uncouth inquiries oft affails me 
 Touching thy mournful beauty. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 , I have mark'd him, 
 
 Watchful as if intent on ill ; but fure 
 This gloom will hide me from his diflblute gaze, 
 And wanton importuning. What faint gleam 
 Streams there, in circles of imperfeft light ?
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 1<J 
 
 FREDERIC. 
 
 'Tis but the trail of braided fparks, that fly l i 
 In quick fucceffion from the whirling flints 
 And ftricken fteel ; for in this noxious chafm 
 Such denfe and fulphurous fumes exhale, as, touch'd 
 By lighted torch, would inftant fire the air, 
 And wrap the cavern in continuous blaze. 
 But our imperious mafters call, and chide 
 My fhort delay. May Heaven protect thy weaknefs ! 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Farewell ! This gleam will guide my dubious fteps. 
 See where the livid glare the wretched Count 
 Difcovers, wearied out with loathfome toil ; 
 To him more loathfome, from remember'd afts 
 Of generous power, and days of happieft love. 
 
 [Exit FREDERIC. 
 
 JULIANA, CONRAD. 
 
 CONRAD. 
 This way I heard the voice : propitious Fortune 
 
 Now brings the fair occafion, which fo long
 
 2O T H E M I N E : 
 
 My paffion feeks. True, {he's of brighter mould 
 Than the vile tenants of thefe dreary caves, 
 And in her eye, as on its natural throne, 
 Sits noblenefs with melting beauty mix'd : 
 Like a fequefter'd deer, fhe feems to fhun 
 The herd of prifoners : yet does her bofom 
 Heave fighs moft languifhing, and oft I fee her 
 Beftow officious tendernefs : 'twould make 
 This drudgery pleafure, could I fhare her charms. 
 O ! why then fhould I doubt it ? Here no bars 
 Of fcrupulous pride, no decencies forbid, 
 Nor plighted vows. I will accofl and prove her.- 
 Hail ! gentle lady, whofe fweet tones have power 
 To charm away the pangs of fierce defpair, 
 And make night beautiful ! Sure fuch a form, 
 Fafhion'd with dainty fkill, was never meant 
 To breathe the vapours of this fpongy vault ! 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 That foft addrefs fpeaks thee too by harfh fate 
 
 Condemn'd to unjufl chaftifement.
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. I 
 
 CONRAD. 
 
 My forrows 
 
 Endear to me the wretched. Shall I to-day 
 Difcharge thy deftin'd talk of fervile toil ? 
 
 JULIANA. 
 'Twere ill to load thee with another's burthen, 
 
 Bearing fo much, had not my wafting ftrength 
 From all laborious works releafe obtain'd. 
 
 CONRAD. " 
 
 Then give fome refpite to thy weary mind, 
 
 And woo aufpicious thoughts. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 I fain would do it, 
 
 And ever in my prayers remember patience ; 
 For hope of better days attends the good, 
 And virtue, like the wild-bee, can extract, 
 E'en from the bitter of adverfity, 
 Sweet folace.
 
 aa THE MINE: 
 
 CONRAD. 
 
 Thefe grim caves, methinks, fometimes 
 Forget their horrid nature : I have known them 
 Blaze with the radiance of ten thoufand ftars, 
 Shot from invifible firmaments ; while founds, 
 Surpafling human fweetnefs, echoed round 
 The fpangled concave. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 At fuch glorious vifions 
 
 I too have marvell'd. 
 
 CONRAD. 
 
 Why then to delight 
 
 Convert we not our fuffering, and thefe crags 
 To beds of fofteft down ? 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Nay, thou doft wrong 
 
 My forrows. 
 
 CONRAD. 
 
 Rather fay, in that foft form 
 I read all tendernefs and love.
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 23 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Such praife 
 On my cold ear is loft. Leave me, I pray thee. 
 
 CONRAD. 
 
 Not freedom's felf fhould bribe me ; were I offer'd 
 To view the bleffed fun, this gloom to change 
 For populous city, 'midft delicious fare, 
 And mafk or amorous feftival, to thee 
 I'd cling, nor heed what 'vantages I loft, 
 Gaining thy love. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 That couldft thou never gain. 
 
 CONRAD. 
 Recall that word. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Think'ft thou, that entering here, 
 We lofe each nice and virtuous faculty ; 
 Or vice alone can breathe the unchafte air ?
 
 THE MINE : 
 
 CONRAD. 
 Thou doft increafe the flame thou mean'ft to quench, 
 
 By fuch (weet chiding. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Is each generous fpark 
 
 Blurr'd by thefe footy vapours, thus to encounter 
 My feeble fpirit ? There is a majefly 
 In humble wretchednefs, provoking thofe 
 Of noble nature to fall down and worfhip. 
 
 CONRAD. 
 Yes, at thy feet my idolatrous paflion kneels, 
 
 And, like a way-worn pilgrim, joys to clafp 
 The heavenly fhrine. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Be gone, rafh youth ! or I 
 
 Will raife my feeble voice, till every rock 
 Re-echo to the found.' 
 
 CONRAD. 
 
 Thy ftubborn heart 
 
 Rejefts my proffer'd friendfhip ?
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 25 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 I defpife 
 
 Thy bafe fuggeflions : fooner couldft thou bid 
 The flow'ret that o'erhangs the ftream, and feeds 
 On the pure effence, live imprifon'd here, 
 Than plant true friendfhip in our alien hearts. 
 
 CONRAD. 
 
 But thou may ft rue my hate, tho' thy proud foul 
 Swell with imperious fancies of high worth, 
 Surpaffing frail creation. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Were I happy, 
 
 Thy unjuft menaces would more difturb me. 
 
 CONRAD. 
 
 There are from whom thy fenutive referve 
 Does ne'er recoil. Tell me, haft thou not fat 
 Motionlefs, while he delv'd the rifted rock ; 
 Or, when he funk beneath the fultry toil, 
 Fetch'd the cold beverage, and with gentle hand 
 Wip'd from his pallid front faint Nature's dew?
 
 26 THE MINE : 
 
 JULIANA. 
 What fable hath thy angry fancy coin'd ? 
 
 CONRAD. 
 
 Then, as he flept, haft thou not ftol'n towards him, 
 And hung, in filent gaze, o'er his wan cheek, 
 That on the chill ftone refted ? Of thefe habits 
 I will advife our guardian, who, deceiv'd 
 By thy fair-feeming mien, and glofling fpeech, 
 A kind enlargement grants, to us denied. 
 I'll to him now, and thy o'erweening virtue 
 He foon fhall recompenfe with meet reward. 
 
 [Exit CONRAD. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Oh, Fortune ! what new ills haft thou in ftore ? 
 Wilt thou too, like the rude and pitilefe ftorm, 
 While in the dafhing furge his pinnace finks, 
 Still beat upon the fhip-wreck'd mariner ? 
 Ye mazy caverns, fcoop'd with endlefs toil 
 Beneath the folid rocks, each under each
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 27 
 
 Projecting, deeper than the wedging root 
 
 Of Jove's own oak e'er pierc'd ! what do I not 
 
 Forego, to dwell within thy dark abode ? 
 
 Yet of wealth, birth, and the world's flattering gifts, 
 
 It recks me not, while in the fleady path 
 
 Of friendfliip and of duteous love I tread : 
 
 But of that folace fhould harfh fate bereave me, 
 
 Then welcome woe ! All other wrongs, to this, 
 
 Would feem but as the puling infant's cry 
 
 To the loud peal of heaven. What odours now 
 
 Breathe thro' the winding cavern, and o'erpow'r 
 
 My drowfy fenfe ? Upon this fhelving crag 
 
 I will recline, if chance I may obtain 
 
 Oblivious refpite of intruding care.
 
 28 THE MINE : 
 
 Enter the QUEEN, and ATTENDANT SPIRITS. 
 
 ODE. 
 I. 
 
 Hafte, my Gnomes, your ftrains apply, 
 
 And her boding griefs deceive ; 
 
 Vifions of celeftial dye 
 
 In the loom of (lumber weave : 
 
 Raife before her ravifh'd fight 
 
 The pageant of eternal night ; 
 And let her fancy-kindled foul attain 
 The unknown wonders of our boundlefs reign. 
 
 Firft, be with plaftic fceptre feen 
 
 The barren Petra, giant queen l8 ; 
 Thro' her dun realms let racking catarafts found, 
 And ocean's billowy flrength her throne furround 
 
 Each fylph, that floats on ether's wing, 
 
 The fading tribes of Flora fling 
 Beneath her fteps, and, brufh'd by hafty fhow'r, 
 Strew every quivering leaf, and fhort-liv'd flow'r.
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 29 
 
 The triumphs of her reign to fwell, 
 
 'Midfl bufhy wood and dufky dell, 
 Bid timorous Fauna chafe her fylvan bands, 
 That howl o'er Zembla's fnow, or Afric's fands. 
 
 Bring orient Onyx for her zone, 
 
 Imperial Granite be her throne ; 
 While the rich circle of her crown difplays 
 The blooming Agat's light, the Opal's purple blaze '?. 
 
 II. 
 
 Now the central depths unlock, 
 
 Where our mineral Druids bend *>, 
 Muttering o'er each pregnant rock 
 Magic fpells, that never end : 
 Pluck the ethereal tints, that glow 
 In the cold-ftreaming lunar bow ; 
 And o'er the nitrous cavern's icy roof, 
 In lucid prifms fufpend the cryflal woof. 
 Command the Phofphor's kindling ray 
 To counterfeit the beam of day *' ;
 
 go THE MINE : 
 
 While Sapphires bright the living fhrine attire, 
 And Adamant that fcorns the raging fire : 
 Then wafted from the frozen deep, 
 In Amber's breathing odour fleep 
 Her flumbering fenfe, and o'er her thrilling frame 
 Shoot the quick glances of eleftric flame 2Z : 
 Unveil the yawning mountain's ftore, 
 Each fubjeft and each fovereign ore 2J ; 
 But chief the Solar Lord I4 , who dares to wage 
 High war with elements and devouring age ; 
 Round him exulting Naiads glide, 
 Proud Hermus rolls his turbid tide ; 
 On folid darknefs his pavilion 's fpreacT, 
 While Andes' trembling cliffs re-bellow o'er his head. 
 
 III. 
 
 Where the fanguine corals fhine, 
 
 In a dripping fea-worn cave, 
 Let chill Foflilia recline, 
 Watching the quick-circling wave li : 

 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 31 
 
 As her tranflucent fhuttles glance, 
 The teflellated webs advance ; 
 Till Nature, refcued by her potent breath, 
 Exults to perifh, and revives in death. 
 Her fplendid Talifman can give 
 Each plant and infeft form to live : 
 Gay birds ftill flutter tho' to marble grown, 
 The deer's proud antlers branch in wrinkled ftone ; 
 Impearl'd the fcaly tortoife lies, 
 While the huge elephant fupplies 
 His ivory fpoil ; and wreath'd in rocky fold, 
 The crefted fnake convolves his maze of gold. 
 Her wizard pencil let her take, 
 Dipt in the blue and gelid lake, 
 And as the filmy, bickering colours flow, 
 Bid faiiy fcenes and wild creations glow* 6 , 
 Various as clouds on evening gale, 
 That like deep-burthen'd navies fail, 
 And labouring o'er the mountain's fhadowy height, 
 The foreft gloom refleft, the torrent's glittering light.
 
 32 THE MINE: 
 
 QUEEN. 
 
 Enough, my bleft affociates ! fights like thefc 
 With magic charm can harmonize the throbs 
 Of jealous love, fubdue forlorn defpair, 
 And from his treafure the fix'd eye divorce 
 Of wondering Avarice. Now watch we well 
 The arts that fubtle malice may devife 
 To wound unwary innocence ; while thus 
 Wrapt in foft folds of flumber, and infpir'd 
 By heavenly yifions, fhe fufpends her woe. 
 
 [Exeunt t he G NOMES with their QUEEN. 
 
 JULIANA, COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 My friend is gone for ever ! and in my heart 
 
 A void as large has made, as this huge mine 
 In the earth's centre : yet this dreadful parting, 
 What is it in the endurance to the thought 
 Of that o'erwhelming grief, when to the beft, 
 The tendered of her fex I bade adieu ?
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 33 
 
 J Twas then the pang, the agony I felt 
 
 Of death itfelf, and all fucceeding forrows 
 
 Lofe their comparative force. Yet will I blefe 
 
 Juft Heaven, that with a pitying eye regards me, 
 
 And in thefe haunts of wretchednefs and guilt 
 
 Still leaves me one aflbciate, whofe firm foul 
 
 By hopeful innocence calm'd, looks down on pain, 
 
 And fmiles amidft the ghaftly fcene. Ye rocks, 
 
 Witnefs her tender fpirit, her mild zeal, 
 
 That blunts affliction's edge ! Sure fhe was fent, 
 
 Like a defcending angel, to fupport 
 
 My fainting ftrength ! See ! from yon crag fhe bends, 
 
 And lifts her drowfy lids, that hang like clouds 
 
 Over the brimming ocean, when the fun 
 
 Firft peeps from the blue wave. 
 
 JULIANA ( waking. J 
 
 Stay, ftay, ye vifions 
 
 Of light ineffable ! Aufpicious dreams, , 
 That waft to regions of delight, return 
 And footh me into refl !
 
 34 THE MINE : 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 My rough intrufion 
 Difturbs her foft repofe. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 What foot approaches ? 
 
 Where art thou, Guardian Spirit ? Lead me on 
 Thro' worlds of waters, o'er the golden beds 
 Of virgin ore and fapphire fpars, and rocks 
 Of cluflering diamonds. The bright illufion 
 Flies like the April rack, and I awake 
 To fervitude and darknefs. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Pardon, Lady,, 
 If my rude tread has broke thy gentle reft. 
 
 Ju IANA. 
 
 Methought my foul o'erleap'd the narrow bounds 
 Of its dim prifon, and wander'd fancy -borne 
 In fubterraneous brightnefs. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Such bleft vifions 
 
 Good angels minifler to fleeping virtue.

 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 35 
 
 JULIANA. 
 Talk not of trivial joys : a blifs more full 
 
 From the pure fount of cordial pity flows, 
 Than dreams or ineffectual fplendors give. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 And canft thou then, a poor, afflifted creature ! 
 Root from thy heart the fenfe of crowding forrows, 
 Long days of hope deferr'd, and nights of weeping, 
 With all the aches and fickening of the foul 
 Canft thou forget thy pangs, and on a ftranger 
 Wafte generous comfort ? 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Some are never ftrangers, 
 
 But foon as feen the foul, as 'twere by inftinft, 
 Springs tow'rds them with renftlefs force, and owns 
 Congenial fympathy. Can they who doom us 
 To bear the load of this degrading thraldom, 
 Enflave the mind, or the free current check 
 Of heaven-fprung charity ?
 
 36 THE MINE: 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 That pow'r they need not, 
 
 Who tear us from the world, and all we love. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 Thou ftrik'ft the chord to which my fad heart 
 
 vibrates 
 
 In piteous harmony. Beyond my fex 
 I once was bleft. How ftiall I tell of him 
 Who won my love, and winning fo deferv'd it ? 
 For he was all that youthful vifions paint, 
 Or fancy can pourtray ; each look, each aftion, 
 His liberal foul exprefs'd, that knew no ebb 
 Of varying kindnefs. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Oh ! what dire remembrance 
 
 Has thy fad ftory wak'd ! 'Twas Heaven's high will, 
 And I will teach my ftruggling heart fubmiflion. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 In thee I image him, who was my pride, 
 
 My life's beft joy and treafure ! Why then fcorn
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 3^ 
 
 My willing fervices, and fuch flight tender 
 Of duteous care as the fond fancy prompts ? 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 Sure from the fellowfhip of fuffering virtue 
 
 Sweet peace and concord fpring ! thy heavenly accents, 
 Like fhow'rs foft-falling after parching drought, 
 Refrefh each languid fenfe : when I behold thee 
 Environ'd by fad forms, pent in the gloom 
 Of thefe abrupt, unorganized chafms, 
 'Midft fierce viciflitude of heat and cold 
 And fublimated vapours, thy meek carriage 
 Schools me to patience, and exalts my reafon 
 All vain degenerate weaknefs to fubdue, 
 And form to thine the temper of my foul. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 E'en in thefe unfunn'd caverns we'll difcover 
 
 Good unexpected. When thou toiPft, I'll cheer 
 The melancholy tafk : each look I'll watch, 
 And craving figh. Affliction fhall refine
 
 3 THE MINE t 
 
 Faith's brightening flame, and change our earthly pangs 
 To golden certainty of heavenly joy. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Aid me with thy pure fpirit, and our friendfliip, 
 By fympathy and virtuous forrows knit, 
 Shall teach us from the wreck of happinefs 
 To fave whate'er we can. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 One thought alarms me. 
 
 Erewhile, with rude, lafcivious arts, and fhevr 
 Of wanton violence, a rafh youth aflail'd me. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 Villain ! who dar'd to violate the fhrine 
 
 By virtue and misfortune facred made ! 
 Had I furpris'd the wretch, his forfeit life 
 Had quickly for fuch facrilege aton'd. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Nay, check thy hafty rage : think what a crew, 
 Outcafts and ruthlefe bandits, fojourn here ;
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 39 
 
 And rather by wife caution fhun, than fleel 
 Their defperate cruelty. Ere he departed, 
 He mutter'd fome dark threats, that he'd report 
 Our loves (for fo he term'd them much, I ween, 
 Unus'd to virtuous friendfhip) to the guard 
 Of this our prifon. 'Twere well now to retire, 
 Left, ftung by jealous rage, Conrad return, 
 And in this folitary nook o'ertake us. 
 
 [Exeunt. 
 
 CONRAD. 
 Thus far has fortune crown'd me with fuccefs: 
 
 In the fufpicious ear of him who rules 
 
 This dungeon, fuch quick poifon have I pour'd, 
 
 That to the loweft depths of this vaft mine 
 
 He dooms Count Maurice, and now bids me bear him 
 
 His rigorous command. The lazy vapours 
 
 Of thofe dank caves will rid me of my rival : 
 
 Then may I furely praftife .on the ear
 
 4O THE MINE: 
 
 Of the fair prifoner. To the Count I'll fpeed, 
 And when I've greeted him with my ftern warrant, 
 I'll feek his beauteous friend, who of her love 
 Bereft, no more may chance to coy it with me. 
 
 [Exit. 
 
 The found of the Miners is heard in various parts, and 
 fever al of 'them crofs the Jtage, fame with tools, others 
 with maj/es of Jlone and ore: after which, the 
 GNOMES and their QUEEN enter. 
 
 ODE. 
 
 I. 
 
 Mortals ! tho' you toil for ever, * 
 Never fhall your labours, never 
 Our eflential realms unfold * 7 ; 
 Where, in impenetrable night, 
 We make conflicting elements unite, 
 And build eternal fhrines of Amaranthine gold.
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 41 
 
 II. 
 
 Think not, when our bolts you hear, 
 
 We in rage vindictive joy : 
 Or when furging flames appear, 
 That we triumph to deftroy * 8 : 
 Thro' the reluftant rocks we pour 
 The living current of each lingering ore. 
 And with the blaze 
 Of folar rays 
 Light in the dark gem all his liquid fire ; 
 
 That you to virtue may afpire, 
 To patient induftry your pow'rs conform *9, 
 And withering floth fubdue, and paflion's wayward 
 florm. 
 
 III. 
 Our wealth, our boons profufe, 
 
 To your admiring hands we give ; 
 The flaming fpoil, ye heirs of joy ! receive, 
 
 And fanftify by virtuous ufe. 
 Nor let ingenuous Penury defpair :
 
 42 THE MINE: 
 
 To her what bounteous gifts we deal by ftealth ! 
 When each fierce pang we footh, and bid her fhare 
 
 Of eafe the treafure, and the gems of health *. 
 Toil then, ye wondering mortals ! and confefs, 
 That heaven above was made, and earth below, to blefs. 
 
 Enter a party of GNOMES, returning from tJuir works, 
 andftnging. 
 
 Now our golden tafks are done, 
 
 Hurry, fpirits ! hurry on, ' <-*'- 
 
 With feftive revelry to join 
 
 Our Sovereign in this fparkling mine. 
 
 Quick as light from heavenly fphere 
 
 We have run our wide career ; 
 
 With fleet ftep pac'd our midnight way JI , 
 
 And rufh'd to meet the morning ray ; 
 
 Beneath the Cafpian we have flood, 
 
 And crofs'd the Magellanic flood ;
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 43 
 
 In glittering labyrinths have led 
 
 The Naiads o'er their rocky bed, 
 
 And taught the bright ores, as they rove, 
 
 To challenge each his mineral love 3i . 
 
 Saw ye, wherefoe'er we ftept, 
 
 How the confcious Dryads wept, 
 
 And perifti'd as we fleeted by ? 
 
 Shall they dare with us to vie ** ? 
 
 Tho' the oak's gigantic form 
 
 Tow'r, and grapple with the ftorm, 
 
 Soon it totters in decay, 
 
 To the mining worm a prey. 
 
 But our adamantine toil 
 
 All the rage of Time can foil ; 
 
 And Death, with univerfal pow'rs, 
 
 Submiflive minifters to ours. 
 
 QUEEN. 
 Welcome, bright minifters ! whofe gorgeous toils 
 
 And alchymy demand eternal praife ; 
 Nor lefs entitle you to fuch high reft
 
 44 THE MINE : 
 
 And glorious recreation, as becomes 
 Tranfcendent fpirits. But firft with us partake 
 The joy divine that waits us, when from depths 
 Of whelming mifery we a generous youth 
 To unexpected liberty {hall raife, 
 And boundlefs blifs : for my returning Gnomes 
 I now behold, who by our kind beheft, 
 With fpeed immortal to his fovereign borne, 
 In the rich fplendor of her blazing ring, 
 Beryl and flaming chryfolite, have hid 
 Their glittering eflence, and with heavenly {kill 
 Have {hot the beams of mercy o'er her foul. 
 
 [Exeunt the G NOMES with their QUEEN, 
 
 COUNT MAURICE, JULIANA. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 This moment, didft thou fay ? 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 This very moment ; 
 
 I read the fell decree, and muft obey.
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 45 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Mifcreant ! who in my chafte ear dar'd to breathe 
 His bale, licentious vows ; and now on thee 
 Wreaks barbarous vengeance ! 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 We are thrown among 
 
 Traitors and murderers. But the inflifted ill 
 Bears its own cure : the damp infeftious air 
 Will quickly fet me free. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 That dreadful thought 
 
 Weighs down my foul with grief ! 'Twas I that did it. 
 Pardon my weak, rafh tenderneis ! I meant 
 To have made the lonefome hours of fore reftraint 
 Glide on with brifker ftep. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 And for thy friendfhip, 
 If my big heart permit, I fain would thank thee. 
 
 JULIANA. 
 Is this an hour for parley? No, I'll fly,
 
 46 THE MINE : 
 
 Unmafk the covert wretch who has betray'd us, 
 And to our regent's eye difplay the clear 
 And palpable diflembling of his falfehood : 
 He is not of fo ftern a caft, fo fteel'd 
 By his obdurate office, but he'll liften 
 To pity and to truth. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Reftrain thy anguifh, 
 
 Nor wafte kind pains on one whom Heaven chaftifes 
 One from mankind felefted to endure 
 A double weight of woe. Now farewell hope ! 
 Farewell thou upper world, and all thou holdeft ! 
 Dear fource of vain regret, my loves, my friendfhips, 
 That tie this foul to earth ! But I'll be patient. 
 Ye eyes, forget to weep ! Whate'er in future 
 Dread tortures threaten, be the paft my refuge : 
 There thy exalted thoughts, thy afts I'll trace 
 Of charity and love divine. O give me 
 Some portion of thy meek, forbearing fpirit. 
 And let me in my memory's deeped folds,
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 47 
 
 Mix'd with each gentle deed, record thy virtues ! 
 If ever we fhould meet again 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Ah! where, 
 
 Where (hould we ever meet? My tender frame 
 
 Pines daily to decay ; and palfied age 
 
 E'en on the threfhold of green youth o'er takes me J< *. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 One parting pray'r accept : Let me ftill live 
 
 In thy remembrance, tho' I nought deferve it ; 
 For oft with moody filence I've requited 
 Thy generous folace : but infatiate grief 
 And lofs of friends almoft to madnefs urg'd me. 
 Pardon, fweet Lady ! and may each pitying faint 
 Heal thy fad fpirit, and reward thy goodnefs ! 
 
 JULIANA. 
 Oh ! my poor trembling heart can ne'er fuftain 
 
 This exquifite afni&ion ! But I'll try 
 What tears, what bribes may do. 
 
 [Exit JULIANA,
 
 48 THE MINE : 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Go, thou kind angel J 
 
 Go, tho' thy pains be fruitlefs. Hark! I'mfummon'd. 
 Welcome, ye deepeft horrors ! I am arm'd 
 With ftern defpair, and can defy you all. 
 
 Enter LEOPOLD. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE, LEOPOLD. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Who's here? What, Leopold! art thou return'd 
 To double all my torments ? 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 
 I am come 
 
 To heal thefe agonies, and bear thee back 
 To liberty and light. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Is it then true, 
 
 Or all a mocking dream ? Tell me ! O fpeak !
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 49 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 
 Thro' the dark mazes of perplexing malice 
 Thy fovereign has pierc'd. Scarce had I trod, 
 With many a weary ftep, the long afcent, 
 And on my aching eyes the day-beam beat, 
 When the quick meflenger I met, who bore 
 The gracious tidings ; and a livelier joy 
 O'erwhelm'd my foul, than when they firft pronounc'd 
 My own deliverance. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 My deareft friend ! 
 
 Long be our days of happinefs and freedom ! 
 But tell me, Leopold my wife how fares fhe ? 
 In the lone filence of fome hallow'd cloyfler, 
 Say, has fhe hid her unexampled woes, 
 Far from the faithlefs court and world's turmoil ? 
 How brook'd fhe her fad folitude ? 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 
 Oh Maurice !
 
 5O THE MINE : 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 Why that blank paufe? that look ? Yes, in thine 
 
 eye 
 The harrowing tale I read : her fuffering 's clos'd. 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 Trufl in all-righteous Heaven. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Then lives fhe yet ? 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 Cherifh not fanguine hope, nor yet deplore her 
 
 As one thou'rt doom'd ne'er to behold again. 
 From the dread hour the minifters of force 
 Divorc'd thee from her, fhe refus'd all comfort, 
 And feem'd to feed upon her grief. One morning 
 In compos'd mood fhe rofe, and made pretence 
 To tafte the fweet air of the neighbouring meads : 
 But ne'er did fhe return ; nor could thy friends 
 With anxious, endlefs fearch detect her flight.
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 5! 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 Greet me no more with pardon ! leave me here 
 
 To delve the rugged rocks, and let me labour 
 Till toil and extreme mifery releafe me 
 From this deep wretchednefs. 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 
 Think, think of freedom, 
 
 Nor mock juft Heaven with fuch unmeet defpair. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 My firm refufal of her generous purpofe 
 To (hare the burthen of this torturing yoke, 
 Diftrafted her weak fpirit, and 'gainft herfelf 
 Arm'd her precipitate grief. Yet witnefs, Heaven, 
 How much I lov'd her ! In my bittereft moments, 
 Her melancholy and unprotected Mate 
 O'erwhelm'd me with frefh anguifh. To the world 
 I now return, bereft of every hope, 
 As one expos'd in a huge wildernefs, 
 Who eyes in mute defpair the hideous void. 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 Away with this intemperance of grief !
 
 ,$2 THE MINE: 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 Or deeming me, perhaps, for ever loft 
 
 Thought worfe than death ! {he to another has given 
 That heart which only I could fill, and pledg'd 
 Her plighted faith. 
 
 JULIANA (returning, and throwing afide her veil.} 
 
 Never, oh never fpeak it ! 
 For thee alone fhe lives ! Behold thy true, 
 Thy faithful Juliana ! 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Gracious fpirits ! 
 
 Ye heavenly powers proteft me ! 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 Here behold her, 
 
 Whom love a voluntary flave detains. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Do I then fee thee, or do earthly goblins 
 Vex me with vain illufions ?
 
 A DRAMATIC ?OEM. 53 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 With feign'd accents 
 
 No more I cheat thine ear : turn then towards me, 
 And blefs me with one look of wonted fondnefs. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Yes, thou art fhe ! and thus my heart unfays 
 That unkind thought, and clafps thee never more 
 To part again. Oh ! what muft thou have borne, 
 Pent in thefe murky cells, 'midft loathfome vice ! 
 Tell me, why didft thou hide thyfelf fo long ? 
 Why from my weeping eyes conceal thy beauty 
 Beneath thefe dripping weeds and fervile garb ? 
 
 JULIANA. 
 
 How often have I long'd into thy arms 
 To fpring, and tell thee all ! but well I knew 
 Thy generous nature never would confent 
 That I fhould dwell within this baleful dungeon : 
 Yet other fpots were as a dreary defart ; 
 And thefe damp, low-brow'd rocks, cheer 'd by thy 
 
 prefence, 
 Seem'd fumptuous palaces.
 
 54 THE MINE : 
 
 LEOPOLD. 
 
 Tranfcendent love ! 
 
 JULIANA. 
 One happy look of thine o'erpays an age 
 
 Of doleful penance. 
 
 COUNT MAURICE. 
 
 Greatly haft thou fuffer'd ! 
 
 But fhades of paft misfortune fhall fet off 
 Our brighter days. Come, let us now afcend 
 For we have much to fay, and my glad heart 
 Swells with fuch raptures as it ne'er can utter. \_Ex, 
 
 Enter the QUEEN, and ATTENDANT SPIRITS. 
 
 Come, my triumphant Gnomes, who like the fun 
 Thro* the vaft concave your fleet courfe have run ; 
 Whofe cars, felf-rolling, fcorn the bounding fteed, 
 While nymphs and fiery falamanders lead ; 
 No more your glittering myriads now employ, 
 But give my fubterraneous realm to joy. 
 What tho' for us no circling feafons glide, 
 No fprings luxuriant lavifh all their pride ;
 
 A DRAMATIC POEM. 55 
 
 In earth's brute caverns we can wake delight, 
 
 And gild with rapture the dark broxv of night. 
 
 Thro' fcenes as fair as thofe above we'll go, 
 
 And meet a brighter univerfe below. 
 
 See where our vallies wind, our Alps arife, 
 
 What meteors thwart, what funs emblaze the fkies ! 
 
 Here foaming catarafts the wild champaign fhake, 
 
 There in diffufive radiance fleeps the lake ; 
 
 Huge caves expand 35 , thro' whofe wide-yawning arch 
 
 Embattled hofls of mightieft kings can march ; 
 
 The fhadowy void deep-brooding darknefs fills, > 
 
 And fmooths her plumage in the dripping rills ; 
 
 In frowning flate ielf-center'd columns glare, 
 
 Abortive echoes flutter in the air ; 
 
 Their dufky foliage rocks fantafiic wreath, 
 
 And quake, like forefts, to the blafts beneath : 
 
 Thefe fcenes each fierce, prefumptuous thought controul, 
 
 And roufe to ecftafy the {lumbering foul. 
 
 Let Elfin Faies expeft the dewy hours, 
 
 And their quaint morrice weave in moonlight bow'rs;
 
 56 THE MINE. 
 
 Let fportive Nymphs purfue each dancing fpring, 
 And fhouting Dryads make the foreft ring ; 
 In fields of ether Sylphs exulting trip, 
 Or in the galaxy their pinions dip : 
 Our tafks perform'd, fublimer joys abound ; 
 In mute and reverend awe we watch around, 
 Woo contemplation from the thrones of blifs, 
 And ihew rapt wifdom all the vaft abyfs. 
 Nor thrills not dreadful harmony our ear, 
 When the great deep's careering flood we hear ; 
 Or ftruggling vapours vollied thunder urge, 
 And Nature trembles on her utmoft verge 36 . 
 Such joys fevere, with heavenly mufing fraught. 
 Wake the ftill energies of virtuous thought, 
 Teach us the wealth of reafon to adore 
 Beyond each dazzling gem, or barren ore ; 
 And, as we minifter at Nature's (hrine, 
 To be in goodnefs, as in pow'r, divine.
 
 NOTES 
 
 THE MINE. 
 
 NOTE i, Page 3. 
 
 A H E fpirlted and loyal fupport which the late 
 Emprefs Maria Therefa received from her Hun- 
 garian fubjefts, when fhe was driven from her capi- 
 tal by her enemies, is well known. Their angular 
 exclamation on that occafion is ftill remembered : 
 " Moriamur pro rege noflro Maria Therefa !" 
 
 NOTE 2, Page 6. 
 
 That inimitable poem, The Rape of the Lock, 
 has made the fyflem of the Roficrufians, it is
 
 58 NOTES ON 
 
 prefumed, familiar to every one. Thofe fpecu- 
 lative alchymifts revived the old Platonic philo- 
 fophy ; and not only appropriated peculiar fpi- 
 rits to the air and water, but fuppofed even 
 fire and the deepeft recefles of the earth, to have 
 their fpiritual inhabitants. FloAA* Saw/xowv ysw, 
 rxs t^sxs MU roc. g-ufjutra, us tnatt 
 
 afgX) 70V rt WtfVfY -r)[J.UY XXt T0 
 
 tsipt nfAMSf Ts\v>fi) t yaw xati fiaAarJax, xat TW 
 (f.v^a.tTot,rus nan fivStu* rows. (Michael Pfellus, 
 p. 41.) The fpirits, who were fuppofed by the 
 Roficrufians to inhabit the earth, received from 
 them the name of Gnomes. So congenial is it 
 to the human mind to aflbciate the idea of fuper- 
 natural agents with darknefs and the wonders of 
 the fubterraneous world, that fuch fuperftitious 
 notions are generally found to prevail among the 
 people who inhabit the mine countries. Thofe 
 of Idria, in particular, we learn from Keyfler, 
 are not exempt from this weaknefs. " As the
 
 THE MINE. 59 
 
 inhabitants of all mine towns have their (lories 
 of goblins, fo are the people here flrongly pof- 
 fefled with a notion of fuch apparitions that 
 haunt the mines. It is faid that the miners of 
 Idria have formerly been fo fuperflitious, as to 
 fet fome provifions for the mine fpirit every 
 day, in order to render him propitious and fa- 
 vourable to them. It is added, that eveiy year 
 they hung up a red fuit of clothes in one of the 
 paffages of the mine. This little old man with 
 a great head (for that is the fhape he generally 
 afiumes) is faid not to fhew himfelf fo frequently 
 fince annual proceffions have been performed 
 with the Hoft, and the Monks have confecrated 
 thofe places, where he ufed to be moft mif- 
 chievous, with holy water and other ceremonies. 
 However, they flill believe that he fometimes 
 knocks when they are at work in the mines ; 
 upon which they immediately leave off, having, 
 as they pretend, often experienced, that, if they
 
 6O NOTES ON 
 
 do not immediately lay by their tools out of 
 refpeft to the goblin, but continue to work in 
 opposition to him, feme misfortune or other ne- 
 ver fails to happen to them for. their prefump- 
 tion." Keyfler's Travels, vol. iii. p. 377. To 
 this popular fuperftition of the Miners, our great 
 Poiet alludes in his Comus : 
 
 " No Goblin or fwart Fairy of the Mine 
 44 Hath hurtful power o'er, true virginity." 
 
 NOTE 3, Page 7. 
 
 Cold, by the chyniifts, is ftyled Sol et Rex 
 Metallorum, The Sun and Sovereign of Metals. 
 r See the fecond of Dr. Wall's Diflertations on 
 Chymiftry and Medicine, in which he explains 
 how the fymbols of Aftronomy were transferred 
 to Alchymy, and why each fign was appropriated 
 to its refpeftive metal.
 
 THE MINE. 6l 
 
 NOTE 4, Page 8. 
 
 Gold is never found in the ftate of a true ore, 
 unleTs when blended with a large proportion of 
 other metals. The chief mines of it, it is well 
 known, are in South America, 
 
 NOTE 5, Page 8. 
 
 Silver, by the chymifts, is ftyled Diana Metal- 
 lorum. Piatina, a new metal lately difcovered in 
 the gold mines of the Spanifh Weft Indies, re- 
 fembles it much in colour, though in other re- 
 fpe6ts it comes nearer to gold. The Count de 
 Buffon indeed is of opinion, that Piatina is not a 
 new metal, but only a natural mixture of gold 
 and iron. See an account of his experiments, 
 Supplement a 1' Hiftoire Naturelle, torn. i. p. 301. 
 Mr. Kirwan, with more propriety, has arranged 
 it among the metals next to gold.
 
 6i NOTES ON 
 
 NOTE 6, Page 8. 
 
 Lead and Copper; the one called Saturn, the 
 other Venus, by the chymifts. The noxious ef- 
 fefts of the former have been inveftigated with 
 fagacity and precifion by Sir George Baker, Medic. 
 Tranf. vol. i. and ii. The ores of the latter are 
 often of the mod brilliant colours, being variegated 
 like the rainbow or peacock's tail. 
 
 NOTE 7, Page 8. 
 
 Iron, by the chymifts, is denominated Mars; 
 and is well known, when infufed in water, to 
 conftitute the chalybeate fprings, applied to fo 
 many purpofes of health. The phenomenon of 
 its attraction by the magnet is very familiar, 
 and has been frequently alluded to and defcribed 
 by the poets. The lines of Claudian on that 
 fubjeft are not worthy of him ; but the Author 
 of the Poem, nt A<0a;y, which (without the leaft
 
 THE MINE. 63 
 
 ground indeed of reafon or probability) has been 
 imputed to Orpheus, has defcribed the magnet 
 in a beautiful manner. However his tafte might 
 be degraded by the age in which he lived, his 
 imagination was rich and elegant. The conjefture 
 of Mr. Tyrwhit in the following paflage, with a 
 fimplicity that befpeaks its truth, at once correfts 
 the fenfe, and rectifies the metre : 
 
 TohfAx ' adoc.vxlxs KX 
 ac,' rr,^ &' E f 
 owrrols v.vt tteXaKToi croA/o/o 
 
 HUTS T 
 
 H'iOtov 
 
 fls rty" oLg'Jlu.Qia-a. i^oli aty eligov ^t^s cuti, 
 
 Kai CTA;y ax tSsXe* /Atfif^tv cToXf/x.^a o-/Si?foy. 
 
 Utgi \i9w, ver. 301. 
 
 Immortal minds the Magnet can delight, 
 And Mars exulting owns his potent might ;
 
 64 NOTES ON 
 
 For when the near approach you bid him feel, 
 His powers attractive fix the quivering fteel : 
 And as a maid, who firfl reveals her charms, 
 Clafps her dear lover in her trembling arms, 
 To his fond breaft he draws, to part no more, 
 And holds with ardent grafp the martial ore. 
 
 NOTE 8, Page 8. 
 
 The globules of Mercury divide upon touch into 
 numerous fmaller ones ; the minuteft of which, 
 that can be diftinguifhed by the naked eye, appear 
 perfect fpecula, refle&ing very vividly the image* 
 of neighbouring objefts. 
 
 NOTE 9, Page 9, 
 
 The different elaftic fluids exifling in metals, 
 and other fubftances, have lately attracted the 
 attention of philofophers ; whofe difcoveries, 
 particularly thofe of Dr. Prieftley, are infinitely 
 curious and important. A general account of
 
 THE MINE. 65 
 
 thefti is to be found in Sir John Pringle's ele- 
 gant Difcourfe on that fubjeft. Dr. White has, 
 by numerous experiments, demonflrated how 
 much the effluvia of bogs or marfhes diminifh 
 the air. He gives a dreadful inftance indeed of 
 this, in the diabolical revenge of the Arabs; 
 who, when they think themfelves injured by the 
 Turks at BafTora, break down the banks of the 
 river, and lay all its environs under water. As 
 the water evaporates, the mud and other impu- 
 rities fo vitiate the air, as to caufe a moft mortal 
 fever in that populous city. This was the cafe 
 when Mr. Ives was there : of this fever four- 
 teen thoufand fouls perifhed ; and of the Euro- 
 peans fettled there, only three efcaped with life. 
 A moft horrid mode of revenge ! and a dread- 
 ful example of the deadly effefts of marfhes and 
 ftagnant waters in hot climates. Philof. Tranf. 
 vol. Ixviii. p. 194.
 
 66 NOtES ON 
 
 NOTE 10, Page 9. 
 
 There is a lake in the diftrift of Boleflaw, in 
 Bohemia, that contains many gulfs of a depth 
 which it is impoflible to fathom ; and from whence 
 it frequently happens that fuch impetuous hurri- 
 canes afcend, as blow over the whole country, and 
 in the winter force away in their paffage pieces 
 of ice of above a hundred weight. At. Lipf. 
 Anno 1682, p. 246. Buffon, Hift. Nat. torn. i. 
 p. 427. 
 
 NOTE 11, Page 9. 
 
 Pliny relates that the lake Trafymenus took fire, 
 and burnt for fbme time. Hift. Nat. lib. ii. 
 c. 107. 
 
 NOTE 12, Page 9. 
 
 One of the moft extraordinary volcanic moun- 
 tains is Cotopaxi, in the province of Quito : it is 
 three miles perpendicular above the level of the
 
 THE MINE. 67 
 
 fea ; and the found of one of its eruptions was 
 heard at 150 miles diftance. In 1742. M. M. 
 Bouger and Condamine were witnefles of a dread- 
 ful inundation, occafioned by the {how on the top 
 of the mountain being melted by the heat of the 
 volcano. See Voyage par M. M. Bouger & Con- 
 damine, pour determiner la Figure de la Terre, 
 p. 68; and Ulloa, vol. i. p. 442. 
 
 NOTE 13, Page 9. 
 
 Numberlefs are the inftances of iflands being 
 formed by fubterraneous fires. Plin. Hift. Nat. 
 lib. ii. c. 36, 37. Buffon, Hift. Nat. torn. i. 
 p. 536. Philof. Tranf. vol. v. p. 197. 
 
 NOTE 14, Page 9. 
 
 Such accidents in the Andes are not uncom- 
 mon. Buffon, Hift. Nat. torn. i. p. 550. This 
 fpeftacle indeed has been recently exhibited in 
 all its terrors. See a Letter from Sir William
 
 68 NOTES ON 
 
 Hamilton to the Royal Society, giving an account 
 of the late earthquake in Calabria and Sicily. 
 
 NOTE 15, Page 10. 
 
 The ftreams in the mines are tinged with differ- 
 ent fubftances : fome are whitifh and milky, being 
 impregnated with Lac Lunae, or the Milk of 
 Silver. See Dr. Browne's Travels to the Mine 
 Towns in Hungary, p. 57. 
 
 NOTE 16, Page 11. 
 
 The earth in fome parts of Arabia, upon being 
 dug, emits odoriferous fleams. Diodor. Sicul. lib. 
 ii. p. 132. edit. Rhodomani. Some of the moft 
 noxious vapours in the mines are alfo attended with 
 a delightful fmell, refembling the pea-bloffom. It 
 generally comes in the fummer, and obliges the 
 miners to quit their work, to whom it would other- 
 wife foon prove fatal. Philof. Tranf. Lowthorpe's 
 Abrid. vol. ii. p. 375.
 
 THE MINE. 69- 
 
 NOTE 17, Page 19. 
 
 The vapours in fome of the mines prevent the 
 introduction of lighted candles or lamps ; in 
 which cafe they have recourfe to the following 
 contrivance : There is a wheel, the circumference 
 of which is befet with flints ; which ftriking 
 againft fleels placed for that purpofe at the extre- 
 mity, a ftream of fire is produced, which affords 
 a fufficient light for the operation of the miners. 
 Goldfmith's Hiftory of Animated Nature, vol. i. 
 p. 82. 
 
 NOTE 18, Page 28. 
 
 The Petrce, or barren (tony fubftances, accord- 
 ing to Linnaeus, form the firfl divifion of the 
 foflil kingdom. They are produced by the earth 
 of vegetables, the earth of animals, the vifcid 
 fediment of the fea, and the precipitation of rain 
 water. Linnaei Syftema Naturae, vol iii. p. 34. 
 In this poetical delineation of the foflil
 
 7O NOTES OW 
 
 kingdom, though the Author has followed the 
 fyftem of Linnasus, he does not mean to infinuate 
 any unjuft preference of that fyftem to the more 
 accurate arrangement which is to be met with in 
 the writings of Wallerius, Cronftedt, and Bergman ; 
 and particularly in the fcientific treatife of our 
 own countryman, Mr. ,- Kirwan, on this fubjeft. 
 See Elements of Mineralogy, by Richard Kirwan, 
 Efquire. 
 
 NOTE 19, Page 29. 
 
 Thefe ftones are the moft valuable that belong to 
 the order of Petrse. The Onyx is a native of the 
 Eaft. The Opal is defcribed by Linnasus, reflec- 
 tione purpurafcens, refraftione ruber, venis violaceis. 
 The beauty of it did not efcape the author of the 
 poem Tltft AiQuv. 
 
 roi T"7K/v xoct OwaXAioy Hgawuvus 
 t^ovlx. 
 Ver. 279.
 
 THE MINE. Y! 
 
 Ye Gods ! the Opal ye furvey with joy, 
 Whofe fplendor blufhes like a blooming boy. 
 In order to obtain a ftone of this fort, which was 
 in the pofleffion of Nonius, a Roman Senator, and 
 valued at 20,000 fefterces, Pliny fays that Anthony 
 profcribed him. 
 
 NOTE 20, Page 29. 
 
 The Minerce, or prolific ftony fubftances, con- 
 ftitute the fecond divifion of the foffil kingdom, 
 and are all produced by cryftallization. Of this 
 clafs are the precious gems and metals. Linnasi 
 Syft. Nat. vol. iii. p. 81. 
 
 NOTE 21, Page 29. 
 
 The Muria Phofphorea of Linnaeus, which is 
 found near Bologna and in China. 
 
 NOTE 22, Page 30. 
 
 The Amber and Succinum Eleftricum are in- 
 cluded in the clafs of Minerae. The latter is 
 F 2
 
 ^2 NOTES ON 
 
 formed in the Baltic, and is dug out of the ground 
 in Pruflia and Siberia. Linnaeus obferves that the 
 eleftric matter was firft dh r covered by it : indeed the 
 fcience in general has received its name from this 
 fubftance. See Prieftley's Hiftory of Eleftricity. 
 
 NOTE 23, Page 30. 
 
 The metals are diftinguifhed into perfect or 
 imperfeft, according to their capacity of rending 
 fire. 
 
 NOTE 24, Page 30. 
 
 It has been remarked before, that Gold is 
 ftyled the Sun or Sovereign of Metals. The river 
 Hermus was indebted for its gold to the Pafto- 
 lus, which received the golden particles from 
 the mines of mount Tmolus. Celebrated as they 
 formerly were for this quality, by the accounts 
 of Smith, Wheler, and Spon, they are now 
 totally deprived of it. See Recherches fur le 
 Pa&ole, Hiftoire de 1' Academic des Infer, torn.
 
 THE MINE. 73 
 
 xxi. p. 19. - So great has been the eagernefs 
 of man to poflefs this metal, that, if we can be- 
 lieve an old Greek fcholiaft, he has even made 
 minute and contemptible infefts fubfervient to 
 his avarice. Ej-/ & ^ l ry 'h$ix TO'WOS- xpvo-ts 
 
 xfi uv ot Iv^oi /jw%xvx7s TIO-I ^x^xvaa-t rov 
 . Sophocles Antigone Scholiaft, to ver. 1050. 
 
 NOTE 25, Page 30. 
 
 The Fojjilia is the laft divifion of the foflil 
 kingdom, and includes all the petrifactions.- 
 Linnasi Syft. Nat. vol. iii. p. 153. - The pro- 
 cefs of petrifaction is defcribed by the Author 
 of the Poem ITtf; A/fl, in a manner peculiarly 
 happy : 
 
 S'EV @ivQt<rartv Wo 
 /, otygx Mpxl' xT 
 
 o (/.t 
 
 tltwiilx
 
 NOTES ON 
 
 oo-a TE <r?)/ ax 
 
 Ver. 516. 
 
 Torn from the caves profound where oceans roar, 
 And toft by billows on the jutting fhore, 
 His wounded roots the coral to repair, 
 Dries on the beach, and petrifies in air. 
 The hardening pknt his branching fhape. retains, 
 On his ftiff rind difplays meand'ring veins ; 
 Seems on the rocky margin to have grown, 
 And fhines with leaves of vegetable ftone. 
 
 NOTE 26, Page 31. 
 
 The various vegetables, animals, &c. that are 
 found in a petrified {late, may be feen in Lin-
 
 THE MINE. 75 
 
 naeus. Some petrifactions, fuch as the Grapto- 
 lithus, are remarkable for pitlurefque beauty, re- 
 prefenting landfcapes with woods and water, or 
 defolate regions with buildings in ruin. Linnasi 
 Syft. Nat. vol. iii. p. 173. 
 
 Note 27, Page 40. 
 
 A gnat, fays an ingenious writer, eflaying the 
 feeble effefts of its flender probofcis againft the 
 hide of an elephant, and attempting thereby to 
 invefligate the internal formation of the body of 
 that huge animal, is no unapt reprefentation of 
 man attempting to explore the internal ftrufture 
 of the earth, by digging fmall holes on its fur- 
 face. Watfon's Chemical Eflays, vol. i. p. 184. 
 
 Monf. de Maupertuis, with the vivacity of 
 
 his country, but with a fpirit unbecoming a true 
 philofopher, propofed to fink a fhaft through the 
 centre of the earth to the antipodes. In the 
 mean while, our difcoveries of its interior parts
 
 76 NOTES ON 
 
 are very limited. The deepeft mine at Cotte- 
 berg, in Hungary, reaches only three thoufand 
 feet, and bears no proportion to the depth of 
 the globe. This undifcovered fpace is filled ac- 
 cording to the conjectures of fpeculative men. 
 Compare the hypothefes of Boyle, Whifton, Bur- 
 net, Kircher, and Buffon. 
 
 NOTE 28, Page 41. 
 
 Such phenomena, though alarming to the ig- 
 norant, have fometimes led to very fortunate 
 difcoveries. A Wallachian, lays Baron Born, 
 whofe name was Armenian John, came to my 
 father, then poffefled of a rich filver mine at 
 Cfertes, telling him, that as he conftantly ob- 
 ferved a flame iffuing from-, and playing upon a 
 fiffure in the Nagyag foreft, he was of opinion 
 that rich ores muft be hid under ground. My 
 father was fortunately adventurous enough to 
 liften to this poor man's tale; and accordingly
 
 THE MINE. 77 
 
 he drove a gallery in the ground which the Wal- 
 lachian had pointed out. The work went on 
 fome years without any fuccefs, and my father 
 refolved to give it up : however he made a laft 
 drift towards the fiflure, and there he hit the 
 rich black and lamellated gold ores, which firft 
 were looked upon as iron glimmer, but appeared 
 what really they are, as foon as aflayed by fire. This 
 happy accident caufed my father to purfue the work 
 to the utmofl of his power : accordingly he diftri- 
 buted fome {hares among his friends, and had the 
 works carried on with regularity. Travels through 
 the Bannat of Temefwar, by Baron Born, Letter xi. 
 p. 97. 
 
 NOTE 29, Page 41. 
 
 Notwithflanding the exaggerated accounts of the 
 Peruvians, which have been expofed by an able and 
 philofophic writer, fo neceflary are the metals to the 
 happinefs of man, that he cannot exift, except in a 
 flate of barbarifm, without them. See Recherches
 
 78 NOTES ON 
 
 Philofophiques fur les Americains, torn. ii. p. 
 204. 
 
 NOTE 30, Page 41. 
 
 The author of the poem Ile^i AtQav afcribes 
 fbme properties to minerals, which, fortunately 
 for mankind, they do not poflefe (fee ver. 312). 
 But though they are void of thefe imaginary quali- 
 ties, they fupply us with the moft aftive and ufeful 
 medicines ; and both the wifdom and goodnefs of 
 Providence are equally confpicuous in the final 
 caufes of the foflil kingdom. 
 
 NOTE 31, Page 41. 
 
 The numerous veins in the mines are divided, 
 according to their directions, into midnight or 
 morning veins the former running from South 
 to North, the latter from Eaft to Weft. See 
 Mr. J. J. Ferber's Mineralogical Hiftory of Bo- 
 hemia, p. 257.
 
 THE MINE. 79 
 
 NOTE 32, Page 42. 
 
 Water faturated with mineral particles enters 
 the hollows and fiflures of rocks ; and when it 
 evaporates, the minerals unite according to their 
 refpeftive affinities. 
 
 NOTE 33, Page 42. 
 [Aix [AM aSsy 
 
 ver. 404. 
 
 What tho' in air the tree umbrageous {hoots, 
 And grafps the folid earth with ftedfaft roots ? 
 Superior gems his tottering bulk furvey, 
 And blaze unhurt, while ages roll away. 
 
 Minerals are known to be peculiarly deftruc- 
 tive to all vegetable productions. Mr. Pennant, 
 fpeaking of the vafl copper mine in the Ifle of
 
 o NOTES ON 
 
 Anglefey, obferves, " The whole afpeft of this 
 traft has by the mineral operations aflumed a 
 moft favage appearance. Suffocating fumes of 
 the burning heaps of copper arife in all parts, 
 and extend their baneful influence for miles around. 
 In the adjacent parts vegetation is nearly de- 
 ftroyed ; even the mofles and the lichens of 
 the rocks have perifhed ; and nothing feems 
 capable of refilling the fumes, but the purple 
 Melic grafs (Aira Ccerulea, Hudfon's Flor. Angl.) 
 which flourifhes in abundance." Tour into Wales, 
 vol. ii. 
 
 NOTE 34, Page 47. 
 
 Mr. Bowles and Don Ant. Ulloa have endea- 
 voured to extenuate the evil eflefts of the mines 
 upon thofe who work in them : but the unwhole- 
 fomenefs of them in general, and of the quickfilver 
 mines in particular, is eftablifhed by the cleareft 
 proof. It appears by a memorial prefented to
 
 THE MINE. 8l 
 
 Philip III. in the year 1609, tnat ' m every 
 diftrift of Peru, where the Indians are compel- 
 led to labour in the mines, their numbers were 
 reduced to the half, and in fome places to the third, 
 of what it was in 1581. Robertfon's Hift. of 
 
 America, vol. iii. note 53. Dr. Pope, who 
 
 vifited the mines at Idria in 1664, aflures us that 
 all the labourers, fooner or later, become paralytic, 
 and die heftic. He faw a man who had not been 
 in the mines for above half a year before, and who 
 was fo full of mercury, that upon putting a piece 
 of brafs in his mouth, or rubbing it in his fingers, 
 it immediately became white, as if he had rubbed 
 mercury upon it. Philof. Tranf. Lowthorpe's 
 Abrid. vol. ii. p. 580. 
 
 NOTE 35, Page 55. 
 
 See the defcriptions of Oakey Hole, Pen-park 
 Hole, the Grotto of Antiparos, and other fubter- 
 raneous cavities. One of the moft extraordinary is 
 that mentioned by QElian, in the country of the
 
 82 NOTES, &C. 
 
 Arrian Indians, who made a praftice of plunging a. 
 great number of different animals in the horrible 
 chafm, to fatisfy their barbarous fuperftition, 
 CEliani Van Hift. lib. xvi. cap. 16. 
 
 NOTE 36, Page 55. 
 
 On the firft of November, 1755, when the great 
 earthquake happened at Lifbon, a violent noife 
 was heard in the mines in Derbyfhire; and from 
 the extent of that earthquake, it is conjeftured that 
 this fubterraneous thunder muft have been heard 
 above three thoufand miles. See Whitehurft on 
 the Formation of- the Earth, and Mr. MichelPs 
 Treatife on Earthquakes.
 
 THE 
 
 VISION OF STONEHENGE, 
 
 AN ODE: 
 
 Occafioned by a tradition that Charles II. pafled 
 the night there in his flight- from the battle of 
 Worcefter. Dryden alludes, in his Epiftle to 
 Dr. Charleton, to this circumftance, in the fol- 
 lowing lines : 
 
 Thefe ruins fhelter'd once his facred head, 
 When he from Worcefter's fatal battle fled; 
 Watch'd by the Genius of this royal place, 
 And mighty vifions of the Danim race. 
 
 DKYDEN'S POEMS, vol. ii. p. 154.

 
 VISION OF STONEHENGE: 
 
 AN ODE. 
 
 TauT tpwyt XlifJiai' E<rT 
 
 TfMt ttJCSEIV. 
 
 I. 
 
 OEE, Worcefter ! fee thy blood-ftain'd walls 
 
 England, mourn thy warriors flain ! 
 In vain their vanquifh'd fovereign calls, 
 
 No more they rife again. 
 Where'er the mingled banners fly, 
 
 Forms of gvifly havoc glare, 
 Shrieks of deathful agony 
 
 Shake the earth and rend the air :
 
 86 THE VISION OF STONEHENCE r 
 
 With hafty flight, and Heav'n his guide, 
 He fcours the fblitary champaign wide, 
 Still feems of battle the loud din to hear, 
 While fteeds and clattering arms re-echo in his ear. 
 
 II. 
 
 The heavens, as confcious of fuch feuds, 
 
 Redden with indignant light ; 
 While terror in the tempeft broods, 
 
 And deepens low'ring night : 
 To the huge plain at length he comes, 
 
 Spreading wide to Sarum's fpire ; 
 O'er the pile gigantic roams, 
 
 Gleaming with meteorous fire : 
 Then pillows on the rocky bed 
 In fore difmay his faint afflifted head ; 
 Portentous vifions fcare his clofmg eyes, 
 And mighty warriors march and Britifh kings arife.
 
 AN ODE. 87 , 
 
 III. 
 
 With crown that hangs like vapor pale 
 
 Round a dim autumnal ftar, 
 Stern Harold * bids the monarch hail, 
 
 And {"hews his Norman fear. 
 A viftim of the fylvan fight 2 , 
 
 Lifts his purple-flreaming creft, 
 And with more than mortal might 
 
 Tears the arrow from his breaft. 
 With holy palms from Syria won, 
 Behold, fad Eleanor, thy bleeding fon J ; 
 With proud Carnarvon's heir *, whofe forrows fharp 
 From echoing Severn found and Cambria's mid- 
 night harp. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Behind a form, whofe haggard eyes 
 
 From their fiery fockets burft, 
 Up darts, and fpeaks with endlefs fighs 
 
 Unconquerable thirft 5 :
 
 88 THE VISION or STONEHENGE: 
 
 With trembling ftep, but fainted mien, 
 
 Martyr'd Lancafter appears 6 ; 
 By his fide a Prince is feen 7 
 
 Smiling through his youthful tears : 
 In wildeft ftorm of paflion toft, 
 And circled with a dark and fhadowy hoft, 
 Stalks murderous Richard 8 , and new horror flings 
 O'er the enfanguined crowd of agonizing kings. 
 
 V. 
 
 In the long rear of royal dead 
 
 Gleams his fire's grief-harrow'd face ; 
 O'er his fix'd lineaments is fhed 
 
 A pale and penfive grace : 
 Before him, tho' mad faftions bray, 
 
 With fond heart and ftedfaft eye, 
 Dauntlefs Strafford leads the way 
 
 Of thundering deftiny : 
 To a meek faint 9, who fmiles above, 
 One tear he gives of inefleftual love.
 
 AN ODE. 89 
 
 And while her pure fuperior faith he owns, 
 Spurns the falfe heart of man and monarchs' crum- 
 bling thrones. 
 
 VI. 
 
 " We too," they cry " a realm could fway ; 
 
 " Lo ! the fceptre, lo ! the rod : 
 " We too in perilous difmay 
 
 " The edge of battle trod. 
 " But net to all doth Heaven allow 
 
 " Fate's impetuous tide to ftem ; 
 " From the haughty monarch's brow 
 
 " Falls the beaming diadem : 
 " Proud potentates are taught to know 
 " The flrong dominion of tranfcendent woe ; 
 " When Juftice in her defolating hour 
 " Subverts the high-built mound and glittering 
 " arch of pow'r.
 
 go THE vision OF STONEHENGE: 
 
 VII. 
 " Arrang'd by Superftition's hand, 
 
 " Mark thefe fragments vaft and rude, 
 " Which in dread diforder ftand 
 
 " To awe the folitude : 
 " This dreary mafs, tho' fummer fmile, 
 " Quickening verdure never decks ; 
 " Circling years the dufky pile 
 
 " With defolation vex : 
 " So power, by fhallow craft defign'd, 
 " To curb with terrors, not to blefs mankind, 
 "In barren grandeur rears its naked form 
 " To the keen lightning's bolt and Heav'n's aveng- 
 " ing ftorm. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 " Of harfh misfortune's chaftening pow'r 
 
 (i Then own the bleft controul ; 
 " And learn in forrow's wholefome hour 
 
 To harmonize the foul I0 :
 
 " For if when Heaven to triumph guide, 
 " Pleafure's maddening rites you feek, 
 " And, elate with profperous pride, 
 
 " Scorn the good, and crufh the meek " ; 
 " If groveling in each fenfual aim 
 " You quench afpiring virtue's patriot flame, 
 " Thy baleful fway what fcourging woes attend, 
 " Than exile days more fad, or e'en thy father's end! 
 
 IX. 
 
 " To foes a needy fuppliant fly, 
 
 " Thy people's love difown ; 
 " While fhame and griping penury 
 
 " JBefiege a fovereign's throne : 
 " Thy revels o'er, thy pleafures fled, 
 
 " Where's a friend thine eye to clofe ? 
 " Hateful bigots round thy bed 
 
 " Crowd, and break the laft repofe : 
 " No brother's tear is feen to flow ; 
 " Thy mangled relics an unfeemly fhew
 
 92 THE VISION OF STONEHENGE. 
 
 " Of funeral pomp the tardy mockery wait **, 
 " While humbler mortals figh, and tremble to be 
 great."
 
 NOTES 
 
 THE VISION OF STONEHENGE. 
 
 NOTE i, Page 87. 
 HAROLD, killed at the battle of Haftmgs. 
 
 NOTE 2, Page 87. 
 
 William Rufus, {lain by Sir W. Tyrrel in the 
 New Foreft. 
 
 NOTE 3, Page 87. 
 
 Richard the Firft, killed by Gourdon before the 
 caftle of Chalees, near Limoges.
 
 94 NOTES ON THE 
 
 NOTE 4, Page 87. 
 
 Edward the Second, born in the caftle of Car- 
 narvon, dethroned by Ifabella, and killed by order 
 of Mortimer in Berkely caftle. 
 
 NOTE 5, Page 87. 
 Richard the Second, depofedand ftarved to death. 
 
 NOTE 6, Page 88. 
 
 Henry the Sixth, killed after the battle of 
 Tewkeft>ury. 
 
 NOTE 7, Page 88. 
 
 Edward the Fifth, put to death by the Duke of 
 Glo'fter his uncle. 
 
 NOTE 8, Page 88. 
 
 Richard the Third, killed at the battle of 
 Bofworth.
 
 VISION OF STOKEHENGE. 95 
 
 NOTE 9, Page 88. 
 See Lord Strafford's fpeech in the State Trials. 
 
 NOTE 10, Page 90. 
 Verae numerofque modofque edifcere vitae. 
 
 HORAT. 
 
 NOTE 11, Page 91. 
 
 Allufions to the exile of Clarendon and the death 
 of Lord Ruflel. 
 
 NOTE 12, Page 92. 
 
 See an affefting account of the death of Charles II. 
 in Harris's Life of that prince.

 
 MA R T 
 QJJEEN OF SCOTS: 
 
 AN ODE. 
 
 O tu donna, che vai, 
 Di gioventute, e di bellezze altera, 
 E di tua vita il termine non fai ! 
 
 PETRARCHA, Trionfo della Moite.
 
 ARGUMENT. 
 
 The Queen, after paffing the night in fight of the coaft of France, 
 which fuggefted to her many pleafing and melancholy reflec- 
 tions, fees the Spirit of the Ifles, who comes from the Orkneys 
 furrounded by Ghofts, and announces the unfortunate voyage 
 which fhe has undertaken. He foretels the ungenerous con- 
 duct of Queen Elizabeth, and of her own fubject and relation 
 the Earl of Murray ; declares the cruel reception flie is to 
 meet with from the Reformers ; but exhorts her no longer to 
 regret the kingdom of France, where fo many fcenes of horror 
 are to be exhibited in the civil wars of that people, and the 
 maflacre of the Hugonots, He proceeds to predial her extra- 
 vagant affection for Lord Darnley ; her fudden avcrfion to him ; 
 the influence of Rizzio, and the extraordinary end of that 
 unfortunate favourite. Her fubfequent misfortunes are then 
 opened ; the murder of her hufband ; the criminal elevation 
 of Bothwell, and his calamitous death. The cataftrophe of 
 the Queen herfelf is then foretold, and N the fate of her pofte- 
 rity ; the peaceful but ignominious government of her fon ; 
 the civil wars which overturned the throne under Charles the 
 Firft ; the fhort-lived joy of the nation upon the Reftoration ; 
 the abdication of James ; the brilliant reigns of Mary and 
 Anne, which were difquieted, however, by the factions, and 
 embittered by the mifery, of their exiled family ; and, laftly, 
 the extinction of the Houfe of Stuart.
 
 MARY 
 QJJEEN OF SCOTS: 
 
 AN ODE. 
 
 I. i. 
 " FAREWELL, dear land 1 ! thou gallant feat 
 
 " Of courtefy and foft delight ; 
 " Thy pleafure-breathing plains retreat, 
 
 " And fink for ever from my fight : / 
 " Ah ! happy realms, where late I fhone 
 " In fcepter'd ftate, in beauty's higheft noon ; 
 " When Hymen deck'd his youthful bow'rs, 
 " And fancy, ever-new, awak'd the laughing hours." 
 Thus mourn'd the Queen, what time to Gallia's coaft 
 
 She heav'd reluftant many a parting figh ; 
 And faw, 'midft fears and anxious bodings toft, 
 The white cliffs leflen from her lingering eye :
 
 TOO MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS : 
 
 Through the long night fhe watch'd the glimmering 
 
 fhore, 
 And heard, in doleful trance, the fullen billows roar. 
 
 I. 2. 
 
 From Orkney's ftormy fteep 
 The Spirit of the Ifles infuriate came, 
 Round him flafli'd the arftic flame a ; 
 His dark cloud fhadow'd the contentious deep J : 
 Thrice with a whirlwind's ample breath 
 He blew the pealing trump of death ; 
 While ghoftly legions, fleeting by, 
 Swell'd with terrific fcream his dreary cry : 
 
 " Queen of unnumber'd woes ! with evil ftar* 
 " Borne from each long-lov'd, rapturous fcene away, 
 
 " To realms where everlafting difcords jar, 
 " And maddening fa&ions fpurn thy feeble fway : 
 " What plagues are ripening in the womb of fate, 
 " A Murray's venom'd guile, a Tudor's deadly 
 " hate*! 

 
 I. 3. 
 
 * J Nor dance nor feftive air 
 
 " Announce thy dawning reign ; 
 
 " To greet the royal fair 6 , 
 
 " A blank relentlefc train 
 
 " With funeral vifage frown, and feoffs uncouth, 
 " Mocking the frolic fmile of youth 7 : 
 
 " No more with weeping eyes 
 " Thy hymeneal kingdom wail ; 
 " Hark ! what anguifh loads the gale, 
 " What mifb of carnage cloud the reeking fkies 8 ! 
 
 " See, on his couch, the lion crouch, 
 " The heir of Conde's ill-ftarr'd might 9 ; 
 
 " In wild amaze, his eyeballs blaze 
 " Deeds of horror fcare the night : 
 
 " Foul fhepherd, in accurfed mood 
 " Thy fleeping fold to finite with murderous rage I0 , 
 " O fhield the hoary warrior's helplefs age, 
 
 ;; And reverence Montmorenci's blood " :
 
 102 MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS : 
 
 " Blot not with endlefs guilt a nation's fame, 
 " Nor let long ages curfe the deeds they dare not 
 " name . 
 
 gmnwi&vrfj 
 
 II. i. 
 " He comes, in beauteous pride array'd, 
 
 " The flow'r of Lennox' ancient race IJ ; 
 " On his beaming front difplay'd 
 
 " High valour and majeftic grace : 
 " He comes, as when the god of day 
 " Hears on the eaflern hills his proud fteeds neigh, 
 " And chides the lagging hours thine eye 
 " Avert, nor truft, fond Queen, the treacherous 
 
 " fympathy: 
 
 " Thy heart, that fwells with love's voluptuous tide, 
 " Shall mourn the coldnefs of thine altered mate : 
 " The ftorm of boifterous pafllon fhall fubfide, 
 " And ardent throbs expire in jealous hate : 
 " Scar'd pleafure flies from thy unhallow'd bed, 
 " While vengeance flalks around, and beckons to 
 " the dead.
 
 II. 2. 
 
 " What fadly-foothing ftrain, 
 " What mournful melody hath caught mine ear ? 
 " Ah ! no more the notes I hear 
 <s The leflening cadence dies along the plain : 
 " Sweet minfkrel, whofe enchanting art 
 " In ecftafy can lap the heart ; 
 " Why hath thy mufe advent'rous ftray'd 
 " From Doria's ftream and Sufa's warbling {hade 1 *? 
 " In clattering hawberk clad, thro' night's Hill 
 
 " gloom, 
 
 " Stern Ruthven fiercely ftalks with haggard mien ; 
 " With thundering tone proclaims the vi&im's 
 
 " doom, 
 
 " And tears her minion from a doating Queen : 
 " Thro' the arch'd courts, and floried chambers 
 
 " high, 
 
 " Loud fhrieks of terror ring, and death's expiring 
 cry. 
 
 H 2
 
 1O4 MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS : 
 
 II. .3- 
 
 " Bid the deep tempeft roar, 
 
 " And whelm a baleful crew ; 
 " Proud lord of Inis-tore ! 
 
 " Be thine, thy guilt to rue 
 " Pent in the dungeon's dark and ftony womb, 
 " O'er thee be rais'd a living tomb ; 
 
 " Grim fiends and fpeftres dire 
 " Hover round thy coward head, 
 " And fwart melancholy fried 
 " Her chilling dews that quench th' ethereal fire ; 
 
 " For lo ! yon form, that rides the ftorm, 
 " Traitor, 'tis thy murder'd king l6 ! 
 
 " He joins the hofts, of monarch ghofts ; 
 " .Of the days of old they fing 
 
 " With founds of loud lament they hail 
 " His fanguine fhade, that fires the mifty air ; 
 " Sublime they float, and o'er the mountains bare 
 " In majefty of midnight fail :
 
 AN ODE. 1O5 
 
 " Down heav'n's broad fteep defcend in dread array, 
 " And in the fhadowy moon's pale confine melt away. 
 
 III. i. 
 
 " Ill-fated Queen ! thy flar, that flood 
 " On the pure zenith's blazing height, 
 
 " Now reddening meets the troubled flood, 
 " And flreams with melancholy light : 
 
 " In yonder cloud, the book of Fate, 
 
 " Read the long fufferings of thy captive ftate ; 
 
 " There count the groans, whofe nightly found 
 " Thrills the wide-water'd moat, and cattle's lonefome 
 
 " round : 
 " Tho' in thy veins rich ftreams of honour flow, 
 
 " Tho' thy proud hand a double fceptre preft ; 
 " No genial ties fufpend the ruthlefs blow, 
 
 " Nor love, nor pity melt a rival's breaft : 
 " c Perifli the traitor! perifh! ' Shrewfbury cries ', 
 " While gentle Melvil l8 veils his forrow-flreamingeyes.
 
 1O6 MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS : 
 
 III. 2. 
 
 " Shame to her high-born fon ! 
 " And thou, Britannia, fcorn his abjeft fway'9; 
 " Short gleams of fplendor fleet away, 
 " And fell rebellion (hakes the fteadfaft throne. 
 " Uxorious lord 20 , thy woes begin ; 
 " Hear thou the lamentable din 
 " Of pikes, that ring on Freedom's fhield, 
 " While Glory pants along the crimfon field. 
 
 " With low'ring fcowl a tyrant warrior glares ", 
 " Before him kings and wither'd hods retire ; 
 " His pale lips quiver with flow-muttering 
 
 " pray'rs, 
 
 " His eyeballs gliften with a comet's fire : 
 " By his fierce breath the imperious deluge driv'n, 
 " Rolls o'er the ruin'd throne, nor fpares the fhrines 
 of heav'n !
 
 io 7 
 
 III. 3. 
 
 " The waves and wild blafts ceafe, 
 " That tore the black profound ; 
 " In robes of radiant peace, 
 
 " Hyperion flames around, 
 
 " And heavenly Mufes flrike each, choral firing IJ : 
 " Before the young triumphant king, 
 
 " Flies Joy and towering Fame ; 
 " But a foul Circeian crew, 
 " Rufh with blood-ey'd rage to view, 
 " And hurl to hovering infamy his name. 
 
 " What orb now gleams, with angry beams, 
 " Through the defert trafts of air 2 < ? 
 
 " His courfe half run, the faded fun * 
 " Falls from his refulgent fphere. 
 
 " Twin Queens * 6 afcend though viftory 
 
 " breathes 
 
 " Immortal pasans round their free-built throne ; 
 " A father's curfe refounds, a brother's groan, 
 " And blafts their inaufpicious wreaths :
 
 1O8 MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. 
 
 " No more in dark futurity I clofe 
 
 " Thy defolated race, and doom of Icngthen'd woes. "
 
 NOTES 
 
 MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. 
 
 
 NOTE i, Page 99. 
 
 JVL A R Y Queen of Scots was married to Francis 
 the Second, upon whofe death fhe returned to her 
 own country, in 1561. Brantome gives an afFecl- 
 ing account of the regret which fhe exprefled on 
 leaving France : Ainfi done qu'elle vouloit com- 
 mencer a fortir du port ; que les rames commencoient 
 a fe vouloir laifTer mouiller, elle y vit entrer en 
 pleine mer, & tout a fa vue, s'enfoncer un navire 
 devant elle, & fe perir, & la plufpart des mariniers 
 fe noyer, pour n'avoir pas bien pris le courant & le
 
 HO NOTES ON 
 
 fond; ce qu'elle voyant, s'ecria incontinent : Ha! 
 mon Dieu ! quel augure de voyage eft cecy ! Et la 
 galere eftant fortie du port, & s'eftant efleve un 
 petit vent frais, on comme^a, a faire voile & la 
 chiourme fe repofer. Elle fans fonger a autre aftion, 
 s'appuye les deux bras fur la poupe de la galere du 
 cofte du timon, & fe mit a fondre en groffes larmes, 
 jettant tousjours ces trifles paroles : Adieu France, 
 adieu France, les repetant a chaque coup ; & luy 
 dura cet exercice dolent pres de cinq heures, 
 jufques qu'il commenca a faire nuit, & qu'on luy 
 demanda, ft elle ne fe vouloit point ofter de-la, & 
 fouper un peu. Alors redoublant fes pleurs plus 
 jamais, dit ces mots: c'eft bien a cette heure, ma 
 chere France, que je vous perds du tout de veue, 
 puifque la nuit obfcure & jaloufe du contentement 
 de vous voir tant que j'euffe pu, m'apporte un voile 
 noir devant les yeux, pour me priver d'un tel bien. 
 Adieu done ma chere France, que je perds du tout 
 de vue : je ne vous verray jamais plus. Elle
 
 MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. Ill 
 
 - voulut fe coucher fans avoir mange & ne voulut 
 defcendre en has dans la chambre de la poupe ; 
 mais on luy fit drefler la traverfe de la galere 
 en-haut de la poupe, & luy drefla-t-on-la fon lift : 
 & repofant un peu, n'oubliant nullement fes fou- 
 pirs & larmes, elle commanda au timonnier, fitoft 
 qu'il feroit jour, s'il voyoit & defcouvroit encore 
 le terrein de France, qu'il eveillaft & ne craignifl 
 de Pappeller. A quoy la fortune la favorifa ; car le 
 vent s'eftant cefle, & ayant recours aux rames, on 
 ne fit gueres de chemin cette nuit : fi bien que le 
 jour paroiffant, parut encore le terrein de la France : 
 & n'ayant failly le timonnier au commandement 
 qu'elle luy avoit fait, elle fe leve fur fon lift, & fe 
 mit a contempler la France encor, tant qu'elle peut. 
 Mais la galere s'efloignant, elle s'eloigna fon con- 
 tentement & ne vit plus fon beau terrain. Adonc 
 redoubla encor fes mots: Adieu la France, cela 
 eft fait, adieu la France ; je peufe nc vous v'oir 
 jamais plus. Brantome, torn. ii. p. 119.
 
 112 MOTES ON 
 
 NOTE 2, Page 100. 
 
 It was long thought, in the north of Scotland, 
 that tempefts were occafioned by fpirits, who tranf- 
 ported themfelves in the whirlwind from one place 
 to another. Thefe apparitions were fuppofed to be 
 feen by the deer, and other animals ; and to this day, 
 when beafls ftart, the vulgar imagine that they fee 
 the ghofts of the deceafed. See Carthon, p. 128. 
 
 NOTE 3, Page 100. 
 
 Oppofite to Cape Orcas, the tide runs with re- 
 markable ftrength, which circumftance, according 
 to the iflandic derivation, is fuppofed to have given 
 their name to the Orkneys. See Campbell's Polit. 
 Survey, vol. i. p. 653. 
 
 NOTE 4, Page 100. 
 Mala ducis avi domum. HOR. Lib. i. Od. 15.
 
 MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. 113 
 
 NOTE 5, Page 100. 
 
 The Earl of Murray and Queen Elizabeth appear, 
 from the hiftorical evidence which remains, to have 
 been the principal inftruments of Mary's unfor- 
 tunate end. 
 
 NOTE 6, Page 101. 
 
 The reception which the Queen met with in 
 Scotland was not calculated to alleviate her regret. 
 Nous allafmes entrer & prendre terre au* Petit-Luc 
 (Petit Leith) ou fondants les principaux de-la, & 
 de 1'Iflebourg qui n'eft qu'a une petite lieue de-la, la 
 Reyne y alia a cheval, & fes dames & feigneurs fur 
 les hacquenees guilledines du pays telles quelles, & 
 harnachces de mefme : done, fur tel appareil, la 
 Reyne fe mit a pleurer, & dire, que c'eft n'eftoient 
 pas-la les pompes, les magnificences, ni les fuperbes 
 montures de la France, dont elle avoit jouy fi long- 
 temps : mais qu'il falloit prendre patience ; & qui 
 pis eft, le foir, ainfi qu'elle fe vouloit coucher, eftant
 
 114 NOTES ON 
 
 logee en has en 1'abbaye de 1'Iflebourg, qui eft certes 
 un beau bafliment, & ne tient rien du pays, vin- 
 drent fous la feneftre cinq ou fix marauts de la 
 ville, luy donner aubade de mefchants violons & 
 petit rebecs, dont il n'y en a faute en ce pays-la ; 
 & fe mirent a chanter pfeaumes, tant mal chantez, 
 et fi mal accordez, que rien plus. He! quelle 
 mufique, & quel repos pour fa nuit ! Brantome, 
 torn. ii. p. 122. 
 
 NOTE 7, Page 101. 
 
 Randolph, in a letter to Cecil, September 1561, 
 foon after her arrival in Scotland, fhews how 
 harfhly the Queen was reproved by the reformers. 
 Mr. Knox fays he fpoke on Tuefday to the Queen ; 
 he knocked fo hard on her heart, that he made 
 her to weep as well for anger as for grief. Upon 
 Sunday, 24 September, 1561, her Grace's chap- 
 lains in the Chapel Royal would have fung high 
 mals : the Earl of Argyle and Lord James (5. e.
 
 MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. 115 
 
 Murray) fo difturbed the Quire, that fome both 
 priefts and clerks left their places with broken 
 heads and bloody ears. It was a great fport to 
 behold it. Cotton, Lib. Cal. 10, cited in a Hif- 
 toiy and Crit. Inquiry into the Evidence produced 
 againft Mary Queen of Scots, p. 174, note. In 
 what a piteous fituation, continues that ingenious 
 advocate, mufl this princefs have been, Unrounded 
 with thofe men, who, on the moment of her arrival 
 among them, could, in her own capital, ufe their 
 Sovereign with fuch brutality. 
 
 NOTE 8, Page 101. 
 
 Had the Queen continued in France, {he would 
 have been witnefs to the civil wars of that kingdom, 
 and the maflacre that took place at Paris in 1572. 
 " Adion execrable," fays Perefixe, " qui n'avoit 
 jamais eu, et n'aura, s'il plait a Dieu, jamais de 
 femblable." See a particular account of it in De 
 Thou, and Les Memoires de Sully, torn. i. p. 43.
 
 Il6 NOTES ON 
 
 NOTE g, Page 101. 
 
 Gafpard de Coligni, after the death of the Prince 
 f Conde, who was killed in the battle of Jarnac, 
 became the head of the Proteftant party. 
 
 NOTE to, Page 101. 
 
 Charles IX. who fired upon his fubjefts from the 
 Louvre. J'ai entendu dire au dernier Marefchal 
 de Tefle, qu'il avail connu dans fa jeunefle, un 
 vieillard de quatre-vingt ans, lequel avait ete page 
 de Charles IX. & lui avait dit plufieurs fois, qu'il 
 avait charge lui-meme la carabine avec laquelle 
 le roi avait tire fur fes fujets Proteflants la nuit 
 de la St. Barthelemi. Voltaire, Note a 1'Hen- 
 riade. 
 
 NOTE 11, Page 101. 
 
 Admiral Coligni was defcended from a filler 
 of the Conftable Montmorenci. A curious and 
 circumflantial account of his death is given by
 
 MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. 117 
 
 Davila, but the whole narrative affords a very 
 indifferent fpecimen of the humanity of that 
 celebrated hiftorian. Davila, torn. i. p. 294. 
 
 NOTE 12, Page 162. 
 A deed without a name. MACBETH. 
 
 NOTE 13, Page 102. 
 
 See the defcription of Lord Darnly, and the ac- 
 count of Mary's fudden and exceflive affeftion for 
 him, in Dr. Robertfon'sHiftory of Scotland, vol. i. 
 p. 316, 8vo. edit. 
 
 NOTE 14, Page 103. 
 
 David Rizzio, whofe mufical talents and unfor- 
 tunate end render him an objeft of pity, was a 
 native of Piedmont. See the defcription of the 
 manner in which he was feized by the Earl of 
 Ruthven, who entered the apartment of the Queen, 
 when fhe was at fupper, in complete armour.
 
 Il8 NOTES ON 
 
 Robcrtfon, Hift. Scot. vol. i. p. 358. See alfo 
 a curious letter from the Earl of Bedford to the 
 Lords of the council of England, giving a par- 
 ticular account of the Death of Rizzio. Appen- 
 dix, N xv. 
 
 NOTE 15, Page 104. 
 
 The Earl of Bothwell, who engaged the afieclions 
 of the Queen after the death of Rizzio, was created 
 Duke of Orkney, the old name for which is Inis- 
 tore. His profperity was of fhort continuance : 
 being driven from his country, he turned pirate ; 
 and being fhipwrecked on the coaft of Norway, 
 was taken and put into prifon there, where he lan- 
 guifhed ten years, after melancholy and defpair had 
 deprived him of his fenfes. Robertfon, Hift. Scot, 
 vol. i. p. 381. 
 
 NOTE 16, Page 104. 
 
 There is no room to doubt of Bothwell having 
 been concerned in the murder of the king, what-
 
 MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. ng 
 
 ever an ingenious advocate may advance to make 
 the guilt of Mary problematical. See Robertfon's 
 Diflertation, in the Appendix to his Hiftory of 
 Scotland, and an Inquiry into the Evidence pro- 
 duced againft Mary Queen of Scots. The images 
 of the following lines are taken from the popular 
 notions of the Scots, relative to ghofts and fuper- 
 natural appearances ; which occur in their old 
 ballads, and are repeated, even to fatiety, in the 
 poems afcribed to Oflian. 
 
 NOTE 17, Page 105. 
 
 The Earl of Shrewfbury, one of the lords em- 
 powered to fee the fentence of the Queen's death 
 put in execution. 
 
 NOTE 18, PAGE 105. 
 
 Sir Andrew Melvil, the mailer of her houfe- 
 hold, whofe affliction at taking leave of her the 
 Queen reproved with a mixture of magnanimity
 
 12O NOTES ON 
 
 and kindnefs. After a confinement of eighteen 
 years, Mary Queen of Scots had her head fevered 
 from her body, in Fotheringay Cattle, on the 8th 
 of May, 1587. " No man, " fays Brantome, 
 " ever beheld her perfon without admiration and 
 love, or will read her hiftory without forrow." 
 The defcription of her death has exercifed the 
 eloquence of three maflerly hiftorians, which a 
 reader of tafte will be pleafed to compare, and 
 know how to appreciate. See the accounts in 
 Hume, Roberfon, and Stuart, and a copy of a 
 curious letter from the Earls of Shrewfbury and 
 Kent, touching the proceedings with regard to the 
 Scottifh Queen, to her Majefty's council. Ap- 
 pendix to Robertfon's Hift. of Scot. p. no. 
 
 NOTE 19, Page 106. 
 
 James I. of whom it is quaintly, but truly, ob- 
 ferved by Nat. Bacon, " that he fpoke peace abroad, 
 and fung lulla-by at home : yet, like a dead calm
 
 MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. 121. 
 
 in a hot fpring, treafured up in ftore fad diftempers 
 againfl a back-winter." 
 
 NOTE 20, Page 106. 
 
 Charles I. whofe queen Henrietta had a fatal 
 afcendancy over him. See Harris's Life of that 
 King. 
 
 NOTE 21, Page 106. 
 Oliver Cromwell. 
 
 NOTE 22, Page 106. 
 
 The deftruftion of the cathedrals and churches 
 by the puritanical army. 
 
 NOTE 23, Page 107. 
 
 The reftoration of Charles II. and the glorious 
 commencement of his reign, which difappointed 
 the hopes of the nation
 
 122 NOTES, &C. 
 
 As a fair morning of the bleffed fpring, 
 
 After a tedious flormy night ; 
 Such was the glorious entry of our King, 
 Enriching moifture dropt on every thing : 
 Plenty he fow'd below, and cafl about him light. 
 
 COWLEY. 
 
 NOTE 24, Page 107. 
 a,'t6ios. PIND. 
 
 NOTE 25, Page 107. 
 The abdication of James II. 
 
 NOTE 26, Page 107. 
 Queen Mary and Queen Ann.
 
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