Q-TC366 
 
 California 
 Regional 
 acility 
 
 The Ends and Uses of Charity 
 Schools for Poor Children
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 
 
 FREDERIC THOMAS BLANCHARD 
 ENDOWMENT FUND
 
 Ends and Ufes of Charity Schools for Poor Children. '. 
 
 SERMON 
 
 Preached in the PARISH-CHURCH of 
 
 Chrift-Church, LONDON, 
 
 On Thurfday APRIL, the 30 th , 1 75 2: 
 
 BEING THE TIME 
 
 Of the Y E A R L Y M E E T I N G of 
 
 the CHILDREN Educated in the CHARITY- 
 SCHOOLS, in and about the Cities of London 
 and Weftminjler. 
 
 By JOHN CHAPMAN D. D. 
 
 Archdeacon of Sudbury. 
 
 Publified at the Requejl of the Gentlemen concerned 
 in the f aid CHARITY. 
 
 To which is annexed, 
 
 An ACCOUNT of 
 
 Cfa&ocutpfd? promoting Ctefflian sutotoleDge. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 Printed by J.OLIVER, PRINTER TO THE SAID 
 (dOCtttP* in Eartbolomrjtj'Clofe\ and Sold by B. DOD, 
 BOOKSELLER, at the Bible and Key in Ave-Mary Lane. 
 
 M.DCC.LII.

 
 LC 
 
 MATTHEW X. 42. 
 
 Whofoever Jhallgive to drink unto one of thefe 
 little Ones, a Cup of cold Water only in the 
 Name of a Difciple, verily I fay unto you , 
 he Jhall in no wife lofe his Reward. 
 
 H E general Purport of thefe Words of our 
 blefled Lord, confidered with all the Cir- 
 cumftances of them, and with a parallel 
 Paflage of St Mark, may appear to be Mark ix. 41, 
 this in Effeft, That whoever (hall give 4 
 any Reliefer Comfort, though but fmall in itfelf like 
 a Cup of cold Water, to one of bis little Ones, one of 
 his Followers or Family in Diftrefs, and in the Name 
 
 A 2 of 
 
 894420
 
 A SERMON PREACHED 
 
 of a Difciple, from a Regard to the Chriftian Charac- 
 ter of that Perfon, to the particular Relation he bears 
 to CHRIST JESUS as one of his Difciples, {hall by no 
 means lofe his Reward 5 or, as that Phrafe intimates 
 very plainly, mall be fure to receive for it an ample 
 Recompence in fome Gift or other from Above. 
 
 SUCH, without examining at prefent every Nicety 
 or Difference of Sentiment among Interpreters, I ap- 
 prehend is the genuine Senfe or Import of the PafTage 
 before us, and not limited vifibly to that fingle Age 
 when the Words were delivered, but extending appa- 
 rently, like a general Promife, to all Times and Places 
 whatfoever. And in this View the PafTage fuggefts to 
 us very naturally a Variety of Reflections both agree- 
 able and ufeful, and proper every way to fuch Occa- 
 fions as this before us. For 
 
 I F fuch be the Value, fuch the gracious Accept- 
 ance with our Lord of one Cup of Water thus given 
 to one Difciple, what of courfe muft be the Value, 
 what the Meafure of Reward from the fame Hand to 
 more liberal, more extenfive and beneficial Bounties 
 to many little Ones of his, in Honour to his Name and 
 Religion ! what muft be the Virtue in his Sight, of 
 giving readily to fuch necej/ttous Objects, not a Draught 
 only of Water, but a Competency of Food and Rai- 
 ment, and Help from every prefent Diftrefs of Life ; 
 and not only in one prefent Hour of Difficulty and 
 Trouble, but Day after Day and from Year to Year ; 
 
 to
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCH, London. 
 
 to feme as long as they live under incurable Difabilities 
 of Mind or Body, and to others, till the Objects are 
 rendered capable by Alms of fubfifting themfelves 
 comfortably from their own Care and Induftry in fome 
 honefl Employment ! 
 
 WH AT again muft be the Virtue with our Lord, 
 of adminiftering in this manner not only to the Bodies 
 or animal Life of Men, but to the Souls alfo and fpiri- 
 tual Wants of the Indigent, to their Delivery from Ig- 
 norance and Vice, to their moral Wifdom in every 
 Duty, to their Knowledge of the pureft Religion in 
 the Gofpel, to their Security from many dangerous 
 Temptations and Corruptions, which might otherwife 
 overwhelm them, and to their final Happinefs in ano- 
 ther World, which they might otherwife lofe for 
 ever ; and this not only coinciding with the temporal 
 ^Good of the civil Community in which they live, with 
 the Peace, the Order, the Strength and Succefs of it, 
 but co-operating directly and powerfully to this very 
 Good of the Society, and producing many happy Ef- 
 fects upon it, which might otherwife be loft, or im- 
 paired very fenfibly. Such Charities as thefe, with 
 what an Eye of Complacency and Favour muft our 
 Lord behold among his People, when he fees them 
 not the Effects of mere Vanity and Oftentation, or 
 ufcd as Artifices to cover ill Defigns, or to atone for 
 any perfonal Offences of the Donor, but exerted from 
 true Principles of Humanity, true Zeal for the Glory 
 of G o D, and the higheft Benefit of Man ! 
 
 WHAT
 
 A SERMON PREACHED 
 
 WH A T Returns will be made from Above to fuch 
 Beneficence, to fuch excellent Applications of Wealth 
 and Power, fo agreeable to thofe Ufes in Truft for 
 which thefe and other Talents are lodged by Provi- 
 dence in our Hands, it is not our Bufinefs, nor is it 
 in our Power to point out particularly. Neither in- 
 deed muft we look to fuch Rewards with a mercenary 
 Eye, as to a certain Rate of Intereft in Reverfion, and 
 make this the only or chief Motive to our Charities ; 
 this would render our Alms not an Aft of Virtue, but 
 a Traffick with our Lord for Gain ; and much lefs 
 muft we prefume to think of meriting any extraordi- 
 nary Gifts from Heaven for this or any Works of 
 ours on Earth ; this, alas, would be grofs Arrogance 
 and Profanenefs in Duji and AJhes. But fure we are, 
 that numberlefs Gifts both Temporal and Spiritual, of 
 many various Kinds and Values, are in the Hands of 
 GOD ; and fure we are alfo, that thefe may be graci- 
 oufly difpenfed from above, if G o D pleafes, in pro- 
 portion to every good Work and Attainment of ours; 
 and fure we may be farther, that as the Go d of Mercy, 
 who is plenteous in Goodnefs himfelf, and diffufing it 
 every Day over all his Creatures, is highly pleafed 
 with fuch Sacrifices from us Men, his Regard will 
 not fail to attend our Alms abovementioned, and that 
 our Saviour will receive them as direct Gifts or Ser- 
 Matt.xxv.4o. vices to himfelf: Inafmuch as ye have done it, faidour 
 Lord, unto one of the lea ft of thefe my Brethren, ye have 
 done it unto me. Words which exprefs not only our 
 
 Lord's
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCH} London. 
 
 Lord's affectionate Sympathy with his Brethren (as 
 he is pleafed to term it) in their Trouble or Relief 
 from it, but likewife fuch a Senfe and Eftimation of 
 any Succours to them, as may prompt the moft penu- 
 rious and hardeft of Hearts among us to join in fuch 
 Offerings. For God is not unrighteous, adds St Paul, Heb. vi. 10. 
 to forget your Work and Labour of Love, which ye 
 have Jhewed towards his Name, in that ye have minif- 
 tred to the Saints, and yet do minifter. And therefore 
 as the fame Apoftle exhorts in another Place, Let us, as Gal vi 
 we have Opportunity, do good unto all Men, and efpecially i. 
 to tbofe who are of the Houjhold of Faith ; and let us 
 not be weary in this well-doing, for in due Seafon we 
 (hall reap, if we faint not. 
 
 10, 
 
 Painty I hope, we do not here, nor ever mall in 
 fuch Works of Liberality ; and I cannot help felicitat- 
 ing this great Metropolis and my Country itfelf, on 
 the noble, the conftant, and almoft numberlefs Ex- 
 amples of Beneficence, which are every where flrik- 
 ing our Eyes, and doing Honour to our Lord and the 
 Name of Chriflians. It is with infinite Pleafure and 
 Admiration, that we can fee round about us the moft 
 generous Aids and Confolations, to almoft every Want, 
 every Calamity that is incident to our prefent State, 
 even in all Ages, Sexes, and Conditions. And thefe 
 Charities, fo beneficial in their Nature, and fo eminent 
 in Degree, beyond perhaps what any other Nation up- 
 on Earth can fhew, give us happy Omens of G o D'S 
 Mercies to our Land, under all the Provocations of 
 
 Heaven
 
 A 
 
 Heaven againfl it, by the wild Spirit of Irreligion and 
 Licentioufnefs, that is vifibly annoying us in all Parts. 
 
 . ?:$ s.a, : - .i -J j. I'Tii 
 
 OUR bed Refuge and Support in thefe Circum- 
 ftances is a zealous Perfeverance among all true Be- 
 lievers in all the Duties of our Chriftian Profeffion., 
 and a firm Union among them in the moft vigorous 
 Endeavours to adorn it, and to flop or check tbofe 
 overflowings of Ungodlinefsy that threaten our Peace arid 
 Welfare. This may be one great Means of drawing 
 down a Blefiing from GOD upon our Ifrael for the 
 Sake of the Righteous in it, or at leaft of mitigating in 
 fome Degree the divine Difpleafure againft our Sins. 
 And this leads me to applaud and recommend with 
 the greateft Earneftnefs the particular Species of Cha- 
 rity now before us, the pious Care and Activity of all 
 good Stewards and Truftees in the Management of 
 them, and the excellent Labours and Bounties of all 
 our Religious Societies, and one .particularly, in efpoufing 
 and profecuting this and all other laudable Defigns^ for 
 the Correction and Inftruction of our common People. 
 
 FOR what is it thefe Charities mean and propofe? 
 what is it they have been doing, and are ftill doing 
 Year by Year, as to thofe Swarms of little Ortes .now 
 within our View, and to others beyond it in diftant 
 Parts? ...... It is neceflary for us to review and repre- 
 
 fent thefe Things frequently to the Publick, in order 
 to obviate from Time to Time> any wrong and im- 
 perfect Conceptions upon this Head. As to thefe 
 
 Children,
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCH, London. 
 
 Children, they are plainly by the Indigence of their 
 State in Life truly Objects of our tendereft Compaf- 
 fion, and for their Good indeed it is in great Meafure, 
 that fuch Diligence is ufed, and fuch Bounties folicit- 
 ed among us ; but not for them only ; it is through 
 them for the Glory of GOD, and for the Benefit of 
 ourfeives, our Succefibrs, and the Body Politic in ge- 
 neral, by training up great Numbers of poor Children 
 in virtuous Principles, to make them living Members 
 of Chrift's Body, to raife up fo many honed Labourers 
 for the Ufe of the Public in all lower Employments, 
 and fo many Guards and Fences to our Lives and 
 Properties, againft the Frauds and Violences of an ill- 
 educated Multitude round about us. It is not there- 
 fore Bread alone to the Hungry, or Cloaths to the Naked, 
 that we are now proposing to your Thoughts, nor yet 
 Medicine to the Sick, the Halt or Maimed ; though 
 all thefe and any other Aids of the like Sort to the 
 Needy, are moft laudable Acts of Humanity, and moft 
 genuine Expreflions of Chriftian Love and true focial 
 Affections j on which Account fingly, befides the vi- 
 fible Benefit to the Public in faving yearly the Live* 
 and Strength of Thousands, who might otherwise pe- 
 ri(h, the numerous Hofpitals and Infirmaries erected 
 among us deferve all the Encouragements and Enco- 
 miums that have been given them. 
 
 BUT let me have leave to obferve, that by die Sort 
 of Charity before us to poor Children, (as alfo by that 
 
 B of
 
 io ^SERMON PREACHED 
 
 of later Date in the Hofpital for Foundlings) fomething 
 more is intended and done for the Public in equal 
 Numbers, than in the Inftances above. Here the Ends 
 and. Aims are higher, and the good Effects and Con- 
 fequences are confiderably greater upon the Whole, 
 and may appear fo, I think, very manifeftly, if they 
 are taken as they mould be, in their utmoft Extent, 
 both as to thefe Children themielves, and thofe which 
 may come from them. 
 
 FOR the grand Benefit of all, imparted here to poor 
 Children, is not Maintenance or Relief from the com- 
 mon Wants in Poverty, though this has its Value in a 
 charitable View, but the great Thing to them and us 
 is a good Education -, a Gift of the higheft Confequence 
 both to Youth in every Age, and to every Community 
 alfo where they live. Education, we may remember 
 in general, is the Mould and the only one, or the beft at 
 leaft that we can ufe, to form Children properly to 
 their tine Happinefs as well as Duty, and to the public 
 Welfare along with it. By this means, and this only, 
 in the ordinary Courfe of Things, are they to take a 
 right Turn and Direffio?! early, while they are tender, 
 ductile, and manageable. It is from hence they are 
 to learn, before their Appetites and Paffions, and ill 
 Jmpreffions from their Senfes have deluded them, 
 where to place their chief Happinefs or higheft Good; 
 not in Pleafures or Money, not in Meats or Drinks, 
 or any other Vanities of this World, but in the pureft 
 Virtue, in Blifs eternal of the Life to come," and the 
 2 Favour
 
 at GHRIST^CHURCH, London. it 
 
 Favbur of a great COD above, who is the Ruler of 
 all, the fupfeme Lawgiver to Mankind, the Infpectof 
 and Judge of all our A&ions, who will certainly call 
 as every one to Account hereafter for our Behaviour 
 irt thfe Life, and reward or punifli us accordingly' itV 
 tlfetfterl' -Hence again, befofie Vices and ill CompamA 
 have->d*baUched htfr MMs and ri Heafts, they learn 
 farther the Obligation and- ?eee(ftty of good Morals; 
 of Reverence and Obedience to the Will of GOD, how*' 1 
 ever known to -us by the Voice of Nature or Revela- 
 tion, and of 'all foefel \crf'^eribhal : DiitTe8i''irt;'}iiti6^ 
 Ecjuity, Honefty, Sdbriety, Indirfhy, andChaftityj to- 
 gether with the Sin, the Deformity,- the Danger and 
 Wretchednefs of the oppofite Vices. At the fame Time 
 they are taught Subjection to Rales, Order, and Au- 
 thority, by the Hand and Rod thait is held over them 1 ] 
 their Paffions and Appetites, their Hutatours* atld Far l 
 cies are kept under Government, bridled and mode- 
 rated within due Bounds before they grow headflrong 
 and wild, and thus become habituated gradually to a 
 Yoke: they muft bear, i*e. the 'Deflates of Reafdn, of 
 Scriptorc.iand Decorum. 
 j'-ii 13 vo ii o3 .ji ^o noi}S3ubll Vi;l 10 V.co c^f r J oi 
 
 TwM Wti^fre? are m ! gene^ai^ie Methods, <viri^j 
 the Grace of GOD, by which Children arc to grow 
 up at laft into good Men, good Cbrijlians, and good 
 Citftefns: Even thcfe indeed may and do Ml too often 
 by various Accidents of Life, ,and'thc prefent Weak- 
 ne/fs of ouf Plefh ; but fuoh Cafuakies we cannot pre- 
 vent wholly by any human Provifions : and what h 
 
 B 2 more,
 
 12 A SERMON PREACHED 
 
 more, they will happen oftener and ivorfe, if the Care 
 abovementioned be omitted. So that Accidents of 
 this Sort are no Arguments againft the Ufe, but for 
 \hcjlritfeft Obfervance of fuch Difcipline; and fuffi- 
 cient it is for our Purpofe, that thefe Accidents com- 
 paratively fpeaking happen but feldom y and that the 
 bejl Profpefl we can have of efcaping them, and raif- 
 ing Virtue in each fucceflive Generation, is by the 
 Cautions exprefled above. This ftores the Child in 
 time with Prefervatives againft future Infections, or 
 Antidotes againft the greateft Mifchief of them, and 
 will be fure to fucceed with them generally under the 
 Bleffingof GOD. 
 
 Now in the fame Proportion alfo this Care pro- 
 motes always the public Good j becaufe, whatever 
 fome have pretended, this Good depends eflentially 
 upon the Quantity of Virtue in every civil Communi- 
 ty, and will be rifing or falling always in Proportion 
 to that Virtue ; and has its Fate hanging always upon 
 each Generation in its Courfe; and the Virtue of each 
 Generation will be always proportionable in the general 
 to the good or bad Education of it. So it ever has 
 been, and ever will be from the Nature of Men and 
 Things j and therefore it concerns every Body Politic, 
 if it looks with any regard to Po/terify, to take what 
 Care it can of the Youth in this Point. If all could 
 be laid under ftrict Regulations, it might well become 
 a ivife and chrijlian People, and it would be fo much 
 the better in the Event for the Public j but if this be 
 
 not
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCH, London. 13 
 
 not practicable univerfally, as moft probably it is not, 
 yet a Part only of our Youth that fhall offer, of any 
 (even the loweft) Clafs, are worth our nurfing in this 
 Way to Chriftian Virtue, were it only to be confider- 
 ed as above, in the fingle Light of Policy; it being cer- 
 tain, that the loweft Orders of Men may have their 
 Ignorances and Vices, that may hurt the public 
 Weal very fenfibly ; and their Virtues and Knowledge 
 alfo, that may equally advance it, and the more fo 
 cither way, as the Numbers of this or that Sort are 
 greater : So that lejjening the Vices and increafing the 
 Virtues of this Clafs alone, which is a fure Effect of a 
 religious Education, is manifeftly a Gain of fo much 
 Benefit to the Public. And if you view it in a ftill 
 higher Light, as tending alfo at the fame Time to the 
 Glory of G o D, the promoting his Honour and Wor- 
 fhip, the enlarging the Kingdom of Chrift on Earth, 
 the opening as it were the Eyes of the Blind in a fpiri- 
 tual Senfe, the faving many Souls from Deftruction, 
 and conciliating the Favour of Providence to our Land, 
 it has all the Recommendation to our Thoughts, that 
 wife and good Men would with. 
 
 Now fuch is the Charity in our prefent Cafe : You 
 give this Education to Thoufands of poor Children 
 yearly, who muft otherwife be deftitute of it in a 
 wretched Degree. You put them under a Difcipline 
 to Morality and eternal Life, you give them happy 
 Means of InftrucYion in the moft important Things in 
 Nature ; Advantages ineftimable to them and all : and 
 
 to
 
 14 ^4 SERMON PREACHED 
 
 to fee the real Value of them in their proper Light, 
 you mu ft fee them in a Contrail of thefe Children's 
 Condition with that which others fuffer. 
 
 MANY Children of the Poor have Parents, who at 
 beft, however tolerably decent in other Refpects, know 
 but little of true Chriftian Principles, and could teach 
 their Children but little or very imperfectly if they 
 would even endeavour it ; being perhaps never ac- 
 quainted but (lightly with the firft Elements of fuch 
 Things, hardly able, if at all, to read a Line of Holy 
 Writ, and fo full of anxious Thoughts for their daily 
 Bread, as to leave but fmall Room or Difpofition for 
 fuch Employment. 
 
 OTHER Children again in great Numbers are bred 
 up wholly under thofe, who have no apparent Senfe 
 of Duty and another World, who are very loofe and 
 vulgar in their Behaviour, in their Difcourfe, and in 
 their Company j who inftead of being Guides and 
 Patterns to Children in good Things, are corrupting 
 them perpetually by their own vitious Examples, or 
 . that of others about them, habituating and hardening 
 them frequently to Scenes of Lewdnefs and Drunken- 
 nefs, and horrid Profanations of the Name of GOD, 
 in common Curfing and Swearing. Add to this the 
 many bafe wicked Practices they are too apt to learn 
 in this Situation, of Lying, Cheating, Pilfering, and 
 the like, too common among the Multitudes of Poof 
 in thefe great Cities, where Opportunities occur often 
 
 to
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCH, London. 15 
 
 to tempt them, and Neceffities prefe as often to be 
 thus gratified. 
 
 Now whatmuft be the general Confequence, what 
 the Fate to Children, thus ignorant, thus deftitute, 
 thus expofed to the worft Imprefiions daily in their 
 firft Years, and accuftomed as they grow up to Varie- 
 ties of Sin as to Arts of Living, efpecialiy fmce the bane- 
 ful Excefies in Spirituous Liquors are fpread fo far 
 among the Mothers of this Clafs ; who now, inflead of 
 acting as Mothers ought to do, of watching carefully 
 over their little Family at home, and regulating their 
 Manners, while the Men purfue their Bufinefs for a Live- 
 lihood, are too frequently intoxicating themfelves hor- 
 ridly with inflammatory Draughts, and drowning their 
 Senfes, and debauching their own Morals, and plung- 
 ing their Children along with them in Intemperance 
 and Uncleannefs ! 
 
 How thefe Things muft end commonly with the 
 poor Children, is alas too eafy to conceive ! Pover- 
 ty and Rags, and Want, are, I am afraid, the leaft of 
 their Misfortune ; the inoft difmal Part is Barbarifm 
 and inveterate Vice, with the fatal JfTue of it both here 
 and hereafter. They mutt grow up for the moft Part 
 extremely wild and diforderly, infenfible to the laft 
 Degree of GOD and their Duty, thoughdefs of their 
 Souls and another World, prone to Scnfualities, hride- 
 lefs in Pafftons and Appetites, forward towards ill 
 Company, open to all Delufions, fucking in Poifon 
 
 conti-
 
 16 A SERMON PREACHED 
 
 continually, and ripening in Audacioufnefs from Year 
 to Year. And thus they proceed gradually in Evil fo 
 far, as either to become Nuifances and Burdens, and 
 Terrors, by Idlenefs, Debauchery, Thieving, Perjuries, 
 Murders, and other Outrages j or fo at leaft as to dif- 
 grace their human Nature and the Name of Chriftians t 
 by their Ignorance and Negleft of all Religion and 
 every fpiritual Concern. Nor is this all : But thefe 
 too, many of them, will have Children in their Time, 
 and treat them too probably, for the moft Part, as they 
 were treated themfelves, breed them up in the fame 
 idle, carelefs, diforderly, irreligious Way ; and thus are 
 multiplying continually the fame Sort of Evils to the 
 Public in Generations of new Vipers, and in greater 
 Numbers. What a Profped: is this to fubfequent 
 Times, if no Check or Antidote -be applied to the 
 growing Mifchief ! 
 
 Now this State of Things in the lower Ranks of 
 Life, which unavoidably is very noxious to the Com- 
 munity itfelf, as well as perfonally to thefe Creatures 
 themfelves, our Charities all tend and labour to cor- 
 rect, in fome Degree. The Managers of thefe Chari- 
 ties have erected Schools for the Education of poor 
 Children, and prevail with many poor People of the 
 better Sort, to let their Children, at a proper Age, 
 come entirely under their Direction in thefe Schools, 
 for a Courfe of Years. A Point not always to be 
 gained eaiily j fome Parents being of that ungenerous 
 
 Temper,
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCH, London. 17 
 
 Temper, as not to like any Advantages of Education 
 to their Children, beyond what they had themfelves ; 
 and others are fond of keeping them at Home, for the 
 Sake of their Company or little Attendances in Family 
 Affairs, or of breeding them up in their own way of 
 Life. To remove therefore thefe Difficulties, the 
 fame Managers do, as for as they are enabled by their 
 Funds or Subfcriptions, offer Advantages to the Chil- 
 dren in Cloaths, or Diet, or Sums of Money towards 
 Apprenticefhips, and other Sorts of Bufmefs; by which, 
 and other Encouragements, they have drawn good 
 Numbers of fuch Children into their Schools. And 
 here, by all the old Rules and Orders*, (which, I 
 hope, will never fail to be obferved very ftrictly) the 
 greateft Care is to be taken in the Choice of proper 
 Mafters and MiftreiTes; and to them are the Children 
 committed for Inftrudion, to be formed and moulded, 
 as far as poflible, to the Good of the Public and them- 
 felves. They are all taught to read corredtly and 
 readily, are kept under a ftrift Regimen and the Awe 1 
 of Authority, they are tutored and governed by di 
 creet Rules and Methods in their whole Behaviour, 
 are admonished properly of whatever is amifs in their 
 Language or Carriage, and are fubjedV. to proper Re- 
 bukes and Correction for all Faults that are difcovcr- 
 
 C 
 
 * Sec a fmalJ Piece, in titled, The Method ufal for treffiitg Charity 
 Scboolt, with the Rulti and Or Jen by <whicb thty art governed, \ zmo. 
 See alfo a Pamphlet in one Sheet, 410, intitled, Rulet for the goeJ Or&r 
 axd (twernmfnt of Charity Sthooli, dra'v.n up ly the Trvflcet of thoft S(ht!.< 
 within toe Bills of Mortality.
 
 x8 ^SERMON PREACHED 
 
 able. In the mean Time, they are taught very dili- 
 gently (by the fame old Orders) all the great moral 
 Principles of Religion and Virtue, according to their 
 Capacities j all the true Articles of Chriftian Faith and 
 Hopes j all the great Difpenfations, and Promifes, and 
 Inftru&ions of GOD to Man in Holy Writ. For which 
 Purpofe they are farther exercifed, as they grow able 
 for it, Day after Day, in reading the Holy Scriptures ; 
 and thus are brought to fee their Duty towards GOD 
 and Man in the very Words of thofe facred Volumes, 
 and have their Memories, while they are ftrong and 
 lively, well ftored with the Providences, the Injunc- 
 tions, the Bleffings and , Punifhments in old time of 
 G o D to Man ; and receive the fulleft Aflurances of 
 another Life to come after this,, and of a future Re- 
 furredtion of the Jufl and Unjuft, to eternal Blifs or 
 Mifery, according to their Actions in this World. 
 Thefe Things are all preffed, all inculcated upon their 
 Minds continually ; and to fix a juft Reverence and 
 Fear of G o D in their Thoughts, they are called up- 
 on at ftated Times daily to offer up to Him their 
 Prayers and Praifes, and are taught to look up ever 
 to Him as their Creator, Preferver, and Judge, the 
 Fountain of all Wifdom, and all Good. They are 
 likewife carried duly to Church on Sundays, and at 
 other Times, to attend the public Service and Wor- 
 (hip of GOD there, and hear from the Pulpit repeated 
 Directions and Exhortations to all Parts of Chriftian 
 Duty. 
 
 BY
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCH, London. 19 
 
 
 BY thefe Means, purfued fteadily, (I prefume, as 
 formerly) thefe Children receive all that Nurture and 
 Admonition in the Lord, that is prefcribed to us bv the 
 Apoftle ; they receive all the beft Seeds, the beft Sea- 
 fonings and Modellings towards Virtue and Godlinefs,' 
 towards working out their own future Salvation in the 
 Faith of Chrift, and ading properly in their Station 
 for the public Service, that fuch Children can well* 
 have by any human Provifions. In the mean Time,' 
 to prevent in thefe Children what has fometimes been 
 furmifed againft thefe Charities, /. e. to prevent any 
 Thoughts and Views in their Minds unfuitable to their 
 low Condition, and any improper Tendernefs or Dif- 
 ability in their Bodies for hard Labour or induftrious 
 Activity in their future Callings, feveral Cautions and 
 good Methods have been taken, as far as Things would 
 permit. For great Care is ufed to keep the Children 
 mindful of their true State in Life, of the Part they 
 are to aft hereafter; of the Offices, and Bufinefs, and 
 Labour they muft take upon them j and hardly any 
 Thing is more frequently inftilled or more ftrongly en- 
 forced on all Occafions, than their being humble and 
 mode/I, diligent and induftrious, honed and faithful, 
 and adlive, and provident, in whatever Occupation or 
 Condition (hall be their Lot. And moreover, both Boys 
 and Girls of many Schools are now, and have been 
 many Years, wherever it was found practicable, fet to 
 Work feveral Hours every School- Day in many diffe- 
 rent Ways ; either in Works of Manufactures or Huf- 
 
 C 2 bandry,
 
 2Q ^SERMON PREACHED 
 
 bandry, or Gardening, or Domeftic Bufinefs, and the 
 like ; on purpofe to inure them early to Hardship and 
 Fatigue, to prevent any Habits of Sloth, and prepare 
 them for the Services and Toils of all Kinds, which 
 they are taught to expert hereafter, when they go into 
 the World. To this End, fome Charity Schools have 
 been long aflifted by the excellent Scheme of Work- 
 houfes for the Poor, both within thefe Cities and in 
 other Parts, where the Children of the Schools, as 
 well as thofe in the Houfes, are furnimed with many 
 Species of Work and hard Employment, and gain a 
 Love to as well as a Spirit of Induftry in it, by hav- 
 ing their Earnings applied very frequently to their 
 own Benefit *. 
 
 CAN fuch a Chanty as this be exceptionable to any 
 zealous Chriftian, or any reafonable Man of true Vir- 
 tue ? furely not, without great Mifapprehenfions of it 
 fome way or other. The Good of fuch Charities is 
 monifeft and glorious ; where the Evil of them lies, is 
 a^Myftery few can tell or will own. It is computed 
 that more than Five Tboufand poor Children are thus 
 breeding up conftantly in thefe Cities, and feveral 
 Hundred more after the like Manner in fome Work- 
 
 houfes ; 
 
 
 * Spe a Book called, An Account of Workboufes for employing and main- 
 taiitrng the Poor ; alfo sf feveral Charity Schools for promoting Work and 
 Labour.. See particularly Page 48, &c. 55, 57, 85, 134,, 153, 165, 8vo, 
 1732. See alib the yearly Account of Charity Schools from the SOCIETY 
 FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE, annexed to thefe Sermons. 
 The fame Method is followed, as I am fully allured, in the Hofpitai for 
 Foundlings, and in the new Proteftant Working-Schools of Ireland.
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCH, London. 21 
 
 houfes ; and the whole Number of fuch Children in 
 our three Kingdoms amounts at leaft to Forty five 
 ttoufand. What a noble and beautiful Seminary is 
 this among our Poor, of Difciples to the Kingdom of 
 God, and Inftruments for the public Service, by pri- 
 vate Alms and Bequefts! Thefe Children are not 
 only thus refcued themfelves from Darknefs and Mi- 
 fery, not only turned themfelves to the Wifdom of the 
 yuft y and purified, as far as poflible in our trail Condi- 
 tion, to an Union and Communion with our Lord and 
 the Holy Spirit, but fent out fucceflively into the 
 World with Difpofitions and Abilities for ferving their 
 Generation in honeft ufeful Employs, and promoting 
 the public Welfare and Security in proportion to their 
 Rank and Numbers. Even by mixing as they grow 
 up in their feveral Occupations with other Common, 
 People, wherever they are difperfed, they muft needs 
 be a happy Means of checking many Sorts of Vice in 
 thofe about them, from Example and Reproof, and 
 prove alfo great Afliftants to the Civil Magiftrate and 
 the Execution of our Laws, in preferving the pubKc 
 Peace and Order, and in detecting, profecuting, con- 
 victing and puniming many daring Offenders againft 
 GOD and Man. Betides this, we mull: confider, that 
 fuch Children do by Degrees as it were multiply them- 
 felves in Families of their own, they multiply Re- 
 ceivers of the fame good Sccd y the fame Chriftian Prin- 
 ciples you give to them, and will naturally for the 
 moftParc implant the fame in their Offspring, and thus 
 may bring forth in their Children and Childrens Chil- 
 dren,
 
 22 ^SERMON PREACHED 
 
 dren, fome twenty-fold, fome forty, and fome an bun- 
 dred-fold to our Succeflbrs. Nay, if Plato * may be 
 credited, each Defcent in a Family becomes meliorat- 
 ed fucceilively, by this good Sort of Education, in. 
 Genius, Affections, and Difpofitions towards Virtue 
 and the public Good j and the contrary fucceffively un-. 
 de.r a bad Education ; which, if true, as perhaps we 
 may find in Nature fome Grounds for the Suppofi- 
 tion, is an additional Argument of confiderable Weight 
 in our prefent Cafe. But whether this Notion of 
 Plato's, be true or not, does not every one of Thought 
 and Difcernment fee the certain Ufe and Value of fuch 
 Inft ruction to fo many Thoufands of poor Children ? 
 Is it poffible for any one of Reflection not to ken the 
 iecret Workings and Influences of fo many EmhTaries 
 of this Sort in all Parts of lower Life ? I fhould think 
 it too obvious to efcape the Eye j and I cannot doubt, 
 but if we fhould trace minutely the Progrefs and IfTue 
 in Life of all the former Children from thefe Schools, 
 through all their Employs, Connections, Tranfactions 
 and Intercourfes, we mould find, that we reap at this 
 Day many Advantages from them, which efcape our 
 Notice by their living fo much difperfed and blended 
 with the Crowd. Thefe Advantages might be found 
 arifing from their private Induftry and Honefty, their 
 good Example to all about them, the good Care of 
 all that either belonged to them or were intrufted with 
 
 them, 
 
 AFA0AS i 
 
 c'gwr py'oTa, &c. Plat. Polit. 1. 4.
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCHJ London. 23 
 
 them, and particularly from their Zeal and Oppofition 
 to Frauds and Violence, and their Aid to public Juf- 
 tice againft the loofe Difturbers of Civil Peace, or 
 Corrupters of Morals in all Shapes. 
 
 IT may happen indeed, that as all Inftitutions for 
 good Ends have fome cafual Defects, either in their 
 Formation or Execution, fo may this before us. 
 Some Children, in fo great a Number, may not an- 
 fwer this Care of them in our Schools ; they may af- 
 terwards neglect and forget the beft Inftructions, and 
 a vicious World or fome itrong Paffion, and the Lures 
 of Temptations, may chance to feduce them. It may 
 happen too, that fome Mafters or MiftreJJ'es may not 
 be well chofen, and not do their Duty with thefe 
 Children, either from Negligence or Inability. But 
 thefe and other Accidents notwithftanding, it is viii- 
 ble, that in the General, by the Grace of GOD, thefe 
 Children would be fure to reap excellent Advantages 
 from this Bounty, and make a happy Ufe of it to the 
 Benefit of the Public. And though fome, by the 
 Giddinefs of Youth, and the Influence of Defires, or 
 the Arts of ill Company, and Snares laid againft them, 
 may fall off for a Time into fome Irregularities, yet the 
 good Seed they received at firft, will ftill generally 
 remain in their Breafts, and (hoot up at Times with 
 vigour, and awaken their Confcienccs, and thus eaiily 
 recover by true Penitence, what they lofl in fome un- 
 guarded Hour by Infirmity. 
 
 As
 
 24 A SERMON PREACHED 
 
 A s to any incidental Mifmanagement of the Schools, 
 it would not be very wonderful, if in a long Courfe 
 of Years, and in a few Particulars, fome Peccancies of 
 that Sort fliould arife, confidering the great Number 
 and Variety of Perfons concerned from Time to Time, 
 and other obvious Circumftances which I need not 
 mention ; but fo many Cautions have been given from 
 this Place, and others, to all the Directors of thefe 
 Schools, and our worthy Society for Promoting Chrif- 
 tian Knowledge, has always by its Members and Cor~ 
 refpondents fo watchful an Eye upon thefe Charities, 
 and is always fo ready to interpole for the Correction 
 of whatever may feem amifs ; and fo many Perfons be- 
 fides, of great Probity, Honour, and Activity, are con- 
 ftantly fuperintending thefe Schools, that we have the 
 greateft Reafon to aflure ourfelves, that Things will 
 be adminiftered here with as much Prudence, Inte- 
 grity, and Efficacy, as human Imperfections will per- 
 mit. We may farther obferve with Pleafure, that 
 whatever Exceptions or Jealoulies have been formerly 
 ftarted againft thefe Schools, are now laid afide in 
 great Meafure and quieted ; being raifed either on mere 
 Imaginations of Things, which had no Exigence, or 
 on fome incidental Defects, which have fince been 
 rectified as far as poflible. In the mean Time, thefe 
 Inftitutions have been favoured with the higheft Ap- 
 plaufes publickly from many celebrated Writers among 
 
 the
 
 dt CHRIST-CHURCH, London. 25 
 
 the Laity * as well as C/ergy, and have gained a Repu- 
 tation in thefe Kingdoms, which I hope will be al- 
 ways confirmed, as it has been hitherto, by a general 
 Experience of their Utility. 
 
 <l 
 
 UPON the Whole therefore, the Defign before us is 
 great and good, worthy of true Cbriflians and true 
 Patriots, and we need not doubt but the Blefiing of 
 GOD will reft upon it. / know him, faidGoD of Gen.xviii. 19. 
 Abraham with the higheft Approbation, that be ivlll 
 lommand bis Children and tis Houfkold after him\ and 
 they Jhall keep the Way of the Lord, to do jftiftice and 
 Judgement. And who can doubt of the like Appro- 
 
 D bation 
 
 * Sir Richard Sfee/e thus exprefled himfelf on this Head. " The 
 Charity Schools, which have been erected of late Years, are the greateft 
 
 Inftances of pubfic Spirit the Age has produced. There cannot 
 
 any offer more worthy a generous Mind. Would you do a h.indfomc 
 Thing without return ? do it for an Infant, that is not fenfible of the 
 Obligation. Would you do it for Public Good ? do it for one who 
 will be an hmejl Artificer. Would you do it for the Sake of Heaven ? 
 give it to one, whofhall be inflruded in the Worfhip of Him for whofe 
 fake you gave it. It is a mod laudable Inftitution this, if it were of 
 no other Expectation than that of producing a Race of gmd and ttfrful 
 
 1 Servants, who will have more than a liberal, a religious Education, 
 
 ' fcfc." SpeSator, N 294. 
 
 Another ingenious Writer has the following Paflage. ' I have always 
 looked on this Inftitution of Charity Schools, which of late Yean has 
 fo univerfally prevailed throughout the whole Nation, as the Glory of 
 the Age we live in, and the moft proper Means that can be made ufc 
 of to recover it out of its prefent Degeneracy and Depravation of 
 Manners. It fcems to promife us an honcil and virtuous Poftcrity ; 
 there will be few in the next Generation, who will not at Icaft be able 
 to write and read, and have not had an early Tincture of Religion." 
 Guardian, N 105.
 
 26 A SERMON PREACHED 
 
 bation and Benediction from above, wherever Chil- 
 dren are thus commanded and taught to keep the Way 
 of the Lord? Happy indeed it would be for this City 
 and Kingdom, if all Children were thus educated in 
 true Chriftian Principles, and equally difciplined to 
 s;ood Morals, and to their future Part in Life. There 
 
 O ' ' 
 
 would then, in lefs than half a Century, appear a new 
 Face of Things ; Sobriety, Modefty, Chaftity, Inte- 
 grity, Juftice, Piety and Devotion, and every other 
 Virtue becoming our Gofpel and rational Creatures, 
 would then reign among us with far more Beauty, in- 
 ftead of that Revelling, Drunkennefs, Lafcivioufnefs, 
 Knavery, Robberies, Murders, Profanenefs and Pre- 
 fumption, which are now overrunning us like a Tor- 
 rent, and threatning us with Ruin. It is the Num- 
 ber of Children mifeducated, that caufes infinite Mif- 
 chief of this Sort among us, and it likewife either bin- 
 ders or obfcures a great Part of that very Good, which 
 Children better educated might produce. But this we 
 cannot help, and muft take the ill Confequences of 
 fuch Follies. We may however make fome Allevia- 
 tions of the Evil, by doing all in our Power againft it ; 
 and this itfelf is doing a valuable Service to the Pub- 
 lic, and will certainly not be loft either to GOD or 
 Man. Your Care and Charity to fuch Purpofes will 
 yield an Increafe in due Time, and afcend up to Hea- 
 Pfalm viii. ?. ven f r a Memorial in your Favour. God of old, the 
 Pfalrruft tells us, hath ordained Strength out of the 
 Mouths of Juch Babes ; and we may truft He will do 
 fo ftill, if we train up Children as he hath directed, 
 
 and
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCH, London. 27 
 
 and leave the Event without wavering to his Provi- 
 dence. 
 
 I T is the more incumbent upon us to be zealous in 
 fuch Miniftry, becaufe it is not merely Virtue or Mo- 
 rality in a philofophical View, which you thus inilil 
 and propagate among this Clafs, but it is That which 
 both contain^ and improves, and inforces that Virtue 
 very eminently, /. e. true Chriftian Religion, and a 
 truejpirifuat Life, derived to us from the lively Ora- 
 cles and the Spirit of G&/, and important, and eflential 
 in the higheft Degree to our Light and Ha ppinefs: 
 And it is the greater Blefling to us of this Church, as 
 it is taught here fo pure from many grofs Corruptions 
 in Principles, which overfpread and deface it in other 
 Parts. In the mean time, Seducers are rifing every 
 Day about us, and lie in wait to deceive and annoy 
 us from many different Quarters. The Romift EmiP- 
 faries are reftlefs in their Endeavours to pervert our 
 People, and are too fuccefsful often in their Attempts, 
 by the Ignorance or (lender Knowledge they find 
 among the lower Ranks of Men, as to the true 
 Grounds and Reafons of our Proteftant Religion, and 
 the wretched Errors and Superftitions of the Popifli. 
 Others again are as adive on the Infidel Side, to 
 fpread Doubts and Diftrufts of all divine Revelation, 
 and to fap the venerable Authority of our Holy Scrip- 
 tures among us. Now if thefe and other Adverfaries 
 are thus bufy in deluding our common People, we 
 muft not, we cannot be idle Spectators, if we value 
 
 D 2 the
 
 28 ^SERMON PREACHED 
 
 the Religion we profefs. Our Duty is to guard it of 
 all Sides with as much Zeal and Vigilance as pofli- 
 ble, and to diffufe the beft Lights, the beft Know- 
 ledge and Prefervatives of it that we can among all 
 Sorts of People, both by thefe Charities to poor Chil- 
 dren, and by every other prudent and lawful Method. 
 It is of infinite Confequence to Religion and Mora- 
 lity in any Nation, that the Bulk of Mankind mould 
 learn their Duty from plain mort Sentences of divine 
 Authority, inftead of tracing it (if it could be done 
 with Exactnefs) from mere Reafonings and Theories 
 of Philofophy j and that likewife they have clear 
 pofitive Affurances from G o D of another Life to come 
 in Soul and Body, either happy or miferable accord- 
 ing to their Actions here, inftead of being left wholly 
 to Argumentations and Glimmerings upon it in human 
 Difquifitions. Thefe Advantages to the Practice of 
 true Morality, and feveral others which I cannot urge 
 at prefent, are in Fact deriveable from the Holy 
 Scriptures, and from them only j and all true Believers 
 therefore in thefe Words of Life, who know and 
 confider their ineftimable Value in fuch Refpects> can- 
 not but wifh heartily, (as we have nothing anti-fcrip- 
 tural in our Syftem to difguife or palliate) that all our 
 People could read and would ftudy and follow the 
 Scriptures, as the Fountain of Wifdom and Blifs to all. 
 Whoever cannot, from an Ignorance and Difability not 
 wilful^ but occasioned by Poverty, are excufable indeed 
 for what they cannot help, if they try to learn their 
 Duty in what way they can ; but yet how dark and 
 
 deplora-
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCH, London. 29 
 
 deplorable is their Condition ! Such might have been 
 the Misfortune of thefe and Thoufands of other Chil- 
 dren, if our Charities had not ftept in to their Relief; 
 and fuch, alas, muft be ftill the Fate perhaps of whole 
 Myriads, as their Wants are, and will be too great 
 for all our Charities to fuccour ! 
 
 I N the mean time, may no Care and Zeal be want- 
 ing to fupport and inlarge the Funds we have for thefe 
 beneficent Purpofes. And indeed as thefe Deiigns 
 have profpered hitherto, and multiplied in thefe and 
 other Parts of the Kingdom beyond all Expectation, 
 they give us a pleafing Earned of their farther Growth 
 and Extent in Years to come. It is not Theory only, 
 but Experience, we may prefume, of the iignal Benefits 
 of them, under the Bleflingof GOD, which has raifed 
 fuch a Warmth and Vigour in the Profecution of this 
 Work ; and the more it fpreads its Aids to poor Ob- 
 jects, the more vifible and mining no doubt will be 
 the Ufe of it in all Parts, and draw out frefli Sup- 
 plies from the Liberal and Affluent, towards a happy 
 Increafe of thefe good Fruits among our People. 
 
 IT is fuch a Conviction and Senfibility of the great 
 Good, which has been and may be effected by fuch 
 Schemes, that animates fo many worthy T'ruflees for 
 thefe Charities to act fo vigoroufly and chearfully in 
 their Office. Their Province has a Duty, a Care, and 
 Trouble attending it, which nothing but a public 
 Spirit, and a benevolent Zeal for doing Good, would 
 
 incline
 
 30 ^SERMON PREACHED 
 
 incline Men to take upon themfelves voluntarily, and 
 to execute faithfully, without a Stipend ; but they 
 know their Caufe is excellent, and their Labours full 
 of Praife and Honour in the Sight of G o D and Man. 
 With this Perfuafion they go on in their Charge with 
 Firmnefs and Alacrity, fuperintending and regulating 
 very diligently all the Charities of this Sort under their 
 'Eye, and uniting their beft Endeavours to render them 
 every way laudable, amiable, and beneficial. 
 
 WITH the fame pious Views and Ardor, has this alfo 
 been one Part of the Care of our venerable Society for 
 Promoting Chriftian Knowledge. While one great and 
 good Society among us is ever labouring to ipread the 
 Knowledge of Chrift and his Gofpel, among the rude 
 uncivilized Heathens of the Weft-Indies -, this other is 
 advancing every where at Home a true Spirit of the 
 Chriftian Religion, by all the Methods and Bounties 
 it is capable of practifmg. It is continually minifter- 
 ing to the Poor in this Point, by diftributing among 
 them in all Parts of the Kingdom, at the eafieft Rates, 
 both Bibles and Prayer Books, and fhort plain 
 Treatifes upon the Whole Duty of Man, and all other 
 Helps of this Sort to Morality and Devotion, which 
 its Stock and Correfpondencies will admit. It is but 
 lately that it executed a very difficult Undertaking, in 
 a very large Impreffion of the Scriptures in the Welch 
 Language, and thus'furnimed a whole People at once 
 with the Word of GOD in their own Tongue, when they 
 were languifhing for want of it under a general Scarcity 
 
 of
 
 at CHRIST-CHURCH, London. 31 
 
 of all former Copies. The fame Society is farther one 
 great Support of the P rote ft ant Miflions in the Eajl- 
 Indies, for the Converilon of Heathens to the Faith of 
 Chrift, in Parts near our Englifo Settlements. For 
 this Purpofe, it contributes largely to the Maintenance 
 of Minifters and other Teachers annually, and bears 
 often a great Expence in printing the New T^eflament 
 and Pfalter and other Books in the Eaftern Languages. 
 It gives alfo a generous Aid in the fame good Work 
 to many of the Greek Church, in Syria, Palejiine, 
 Arabia, and Perjta. All which Labours and Bene- 
 factions of the Society have been crowned with im- 
 portant SuccefTes, to the Honour of our blefled Lord 
 and his Gofpel. And fuch being the Spirit and Aims 
 of this worthy Body, it is no wonder, that our Charity 
 Schools became foon the Object of its Zeal and En- 
 couragement. They found here at their firft Rife all 
 the Patronage and kind Offices that could be wimed ; 
 and they ftill receive yearly from hence many generous 
 Aids of various Kinds, to their great Comfort and Im- 
 provement. 
 
 THUS are thefe, and all other Labourers in fuch 
 Works of Chi iftian Love, imitating their great Mafter 
 and promoting his Kingdom. It was his great Delight 
 and Bufinefs to give Light to them that fat in Darknefs 
 and the Shadow of Death> and to guide their Feet into 
 the Way of Peace. Let the fame be our Part, as for 
 as we are able in our humble Sphere, and endeavour 
 to be Eyes to the Blind and Feet to the Lame in a fpi- 
 
 ritual
 
 72 A S E R M O N, ftfc. 
 
 w ' 
 
 ritual View. Such Bounties, though of excellent Be- 
 nefit to the Poor, take nothing from the Donor, which 
 deferves a Thought ; they deprive him not even of 
 one lingle Gratification, that a wife Man would value j 
 and give him, if his Heart be humane, a Pleafure in 
 the Confcioufnefs of doing Good, which ho Tongue 
 can well exprefs, and no Jewel purchafe without it. 
 At the fame Time, by acting thus with a Zeal for the 
 Glory of GOD and the true Faith of Chrifl, and by 
 thus turning many to Righteoufnefs^ you are laying up & 
 'Treafure in Heaven, 'which neither Moth nor Rujl doth 
 corrupt ; and making Friends above by the Mammon of 
 this World, who, whenever you fail at laft under Mor- 
 tality, will receive you into everlafting Habitations^ 
 there to foine as the Stars for ever and ever. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
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