V ^Mm THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES v^¥ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/campplant02coloiala i5C.\ Volume II SATURDAY, JULY 5, 1902 NUIBER I THe Limestone Quarries at Lime '\VKence Conies tKe Flux for tKe Mintiec|ua. Furnaces Situated Six Miles South of the Minnequa Works Across the Saint Charles River from the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad Station of San Carlos — For Twenty Years the Source of S-jpply of Limestone — Beautiful Surroundings — Flux Supplied the Eilers' Smelter Also — The Superintendents and the Men. ilGHT miles south of the Pueblo Union Depot and six miles north of the Minnequa Works, via the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad, on the Saint Charles River, in Pueblo County, are the limestone quarries, from which is taken the fluxing material for the Minnequa blast furnaces. The Saint Charles River separates the quarry from the railway station at San Carlos. The Postoffice and town are called Lime. Lime is built on level ground with pleasant sur- roundings, and many beautiful trees. The homes of the employes are all owned by the company. The men show as much interest, however, in keeping the dwell- ings neat as if they themselves were the owners. The older part of the town, a picture of which is shown on another page, was put up some years ago by the Colorado CoaJ and Iron Company, by private individ- uals and by contractors. The newer part, including a large number of model work- ingmen's homes, has been built by the Col- orado Fuel and Iron Company. History. Ever since the steel works at Pueblo com- menced operations, over twenty years ago, the quarries at San Carlos or Lime have fur- nished the furnaces with flux. In the early days the smelting plants of Pueblo also were supplied almost entirely from these quar- ries, although now the Eilers plant is the only smelter which gets its lime rock here. The work of quarrying at first and until ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^M P""^*^ «, A* ■^-, ^^ittHpnX •^^^^^^^^SS^SS^^^i^l:^ ' - J View of the Valley of the Saint Charles River at Lime. LIME, COLORADO. November 1897 was let out to contractors — notably Orman & Crook. In the early days most of the rock came from the east Bide of the river. In 1892 the track on the west side was put in and the work at the present quarries was done under lease. In November, 1897, the company took hold of the work. No improvements of any kind had been put on the property up to that time. When T. H. O'Brien, now in charge of the iron mines at Fierro, New Mexico, was put in charge, however, permanent improve- ments began. A seven and a half Gates crusher, capable of handling 1200 tons of rock a day was installed. A boarding house, a stable and several dwellings were erect- ed. The side tracks were lowered so that the limestone could be quarried to its low- est stratum. In January, 1899, M. T. Bren- nan, now superintendent at Rouse, was put in charge at Lime and remained as superin- tendent until February, 1901, when T. B. But- Water Supply. The water supply of the town is piped to the houses from a large tank which is sup- plied by the Saint Charles ditch. This runs to Lake Minnequa (Colorado Fuel and Iron Reservoir No. 1) from the Saint Charles River. The head gate is three miles above the quarry. Schools. The public school house, consisting of one room, has been in charge of Miss Jen nings for two years. The average attend- ance is thirty. A new building with modern improvements probably will be built in the near future. Medical Department. Being within six miles of the central hos pital of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany at Pueblo, with which there is both telephone and telegraph connections, we de- pend largely on the hospital force for medi- cal attention. 'The Older Part of Lime — Built by the Cilorado Coal and Iron Company and by Contractors. ler was appointed. Owing to serious illness, Mr. Butler resigned the latter part of June of the present year and T. J. Quinn, for- merly superintendent at the Orient iron mines, was appointed in his stead. Store and Boarding House. The only store in the town is owned by Jachetta & Nigro of Pueblo. Frank Giardine is manager in charge. The stock consists mainly of groceries, but a very fresh and clean supply is always on hand. Being so near Pueblo the dry goods trade naturally is done in the steel works city. The boarding house for the unmarried men is controlled by Jachetta & Nigro, and is managed by W. H. Gift, who has had much experience in such work and is keeping a strictly up to date house. No complaint is made as to meals served. Arrangements are being made to give the house a complete overhauling, renovating and repairing and when this is done our boarding house will rank with those in the best of the camps. Dr. A. W. Scarlett of Pueblo is, however, the regular surgeon who makes regular trips to Lime. Men WIno Get Out the Rock, and Mode of Work. The men who get out the rock are about half Italians and half Austrians, there being from fifty to sixty of each. The rock is torn loose from the bed by giant and black pow- der and then is broken with sledges to sizes convenient for loading on pit cars in which it is hauled to the crusher, where it is re- duced to an average size of two inches in diameter. From the crusher the rock is loaded on railroad cars for shipment to the Minnequa Works. About twenty cars, or 600 tons, is supplied these furnaces daily. From three to four cars of rock, not crushed, is shipped each day to the Bilers plant of the American Smelting and Refining Com- pany. In Charge. T. J. Quinn is superintendent of the quarry and H. J. Smith clerk. James Sease is GERMAN ARTICLE. foreman. Anton Piercic has charge of a small force of Austrians who get out rock for the Eilers plant at Pueblo. E. A. Allen is engineer in charge of the crusher. En- gineer W. H. Droye is blacksmith. John Bloomburg has charge of the stables. Our local railroad agent is A. W. Harrell. He Is assisted by F. L. Reynolds, who works nights. Situated as Lime is in the valley of the Saint Charles, adjoining beautiful meadows and woods, a view of which is reproduced in this issue, this camp is in many ways an ideal spot. H. J. S. The manner of the vulgar man has free- dom without ease; and the manner of a gentleman has ease without freedom. — Ches- terfield. Auch wird das Eilersche Schmelzwerk teil- weise von hier mit Kalk versorgt. Die Stadt Lime. Der aeltere Teil der Stadt, wurde vor ein- igen Jahren von der Colorado Coal and Iron Co. erbaut und in der letzten Zeit durch Bau von schmucken Arbeiterhaeusern von der C. F. & I. Co. bedeutend vergroessert. Die Bevoelkerung betraegt ungefaehr 400 Seelen, unter denen sich Italiener, Oester- reicher und Americaner befinden. Wasser wird von dem St. Charles Fluss entnommen und liegen die Roehren durch den Ort ver- teilt und sind mit den Haeusern verbunden. Der am Ort beflndliche Kraemerladen wird von Jachetta und Nigro betrieben und steht unter director Leitung von Frank it. .Tardiane. Das Boarding Haus gehoert der- Workmen's Homes in the Newer Part of Lime — I^BufscfjB ^paliB. LIME. BNGEFAEHR sechs Meilen suedlich vor den Minnequa Werken liegt die Bahn-Haltestelle San Carlos, von wo aus der fuer die Hochoefen benoetigte Kalk versandt wird. Der Ort wird Lime genannt und befindet sich hier auch eine Posthalter- stelle. Diese Kalkbrueche werden schon seit 15 Jahren bearbeitet und waren ur- sprunglich Eigentum der Colorado Coal and Iron Co. Bis vor fuenf Jahren wurden die Brueche von Unternehmern bearbeitet, jed- och hat die Colorado Fuel and Iron Co. seit dieser Zeit die Arbeiten selbst in die Hand genommen. Es wirden hier ca. 20 Waggon- ladungen taeglich nach den Hochoefen in den Minnequa Werken verschickt, doch wird der Kalkstein vor Verwendung zerkleinert. Built by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. selben Firma und ist als Leiter W. H. Gift angestellt. Die Oeffentliclie Schule hat eine Schuelerzahl von ca. dreissig und benutzt ein Haus mit einem Zimmer, doch ist fuer den Ort ein neues modernes Sehui- haus vorgesehen, das wahrscheinlich in Kuerze errichtet werden wird. Miss Jen- nings ist Lehrerinn in Lime. Da der Ort so nahe bei dem Hospital in Minnequa liegt, ist kein Arzt fuer den Ort vorgesehn, jedoch unternimmt Dr. Scarlett oefters einen Abstecher nach Lime, um nach der allgemeinen Gesundheit der Be- wohner zu sehen. Verletzungen Oder Krak- enhause behandelt uns ist auch telegraphi- sche und telephonische Verbindung verge- sehen, sodass Huelfe in kurzer Zeit be- schofEt werden kann. In der ersten Zeit des Betriebs der Brue- che was T. H. O'Brien z. Zt. in Fierro, als ITALIAN ARTICLE. Leiter angestellt, ihm folgten M. T. Bren- nan, jetzt in Rouse, dann T. B. Butler, der vor einigen Tagen aus Gesundheitsrueck- sichten abging und z. Zt. ist T. J. Quinn als Vorsteher der brueehe thaetig, der frue- her in Orient war. H. J. Smitli ist Bueh- halter und Telegraphenbeamter. Jas. Sease ist als Aufseher angestellt und E. A. Allen als Machinist. A. W. Harrell ist Bahnvorstand der D. & R. G. R. Co. und als Assistent steht ihm F. L. Reynolds zur Seite. Der Ort ist sehr scoen gelegen. Weisen und Wald die sich am St. Charles Fulss ent- lang strecken geben der Umgebung einen besonderen Reiz, da man hier das Gruen so selten sieht. anni scorsi le pietre erano scavate a con- tratto, e ultimamente la C. F. & I. Company ne assunse il lavoro per suo conto. Circa 20 vagoni di 600 tonnelate ciascuno sono mandati giornalmente ai lavori del Minne- qua. La piu gran parte di queste pietre sono ridotte da un grande schiacciatoio alia grossessa di una noce. Molta di questa pietra e pure usatta dall' Eilers Smelter. La Citta di Lime. La parte piu antica della citta, una foto- grafia della quale si puo vedere in un altra pagina fu costrutta anni fa dalla Colorado Coal & Iron Company. La parte nuova che e stata costrutta dalla Colorado Fuel and Iron Company contiene molte bellissime casette dove abitano gli uomini. La popo- General View of the Stone Ouarry at Lime. ^Bssione liialiana. n LIME. |IME 6 situata al sud del "Minnequa Works" e la stazione di San Carlos, 11 punto di spedizione della pietra cal- cinarea colS, scavata e che fornisce le fornaci a aria del materiale di riduzione per il minerale. Tanto la cittadina che la posta sono conosciute col nome di LIME. Queste cave di pietra sono lav- orate da circa quindici anni e nei tempi passati erano di propriety della Colo- rado Coal & Iron Company. Sino a cinque lazione e composta principalmente di Itali- an!, Austriaci ed Americani ed e di circa 400 persone. Provvista d' Acqua. L' acqua 6 provveduta al paese da un grande serbatoio che 6 riempito dal canale del San Charles, e da questo con tubi e con- dotta in ciascuna casa. Pensione e Negozio. Jachetta e Nigro hanno 1' incarico della casa di pensione dove abitanto gli uomini, e W. H. Gift & il direttore di questa casa. Ij' unico negozio del campo 6 quello tenu- to da Jachetta e Nigro del quale Frank R. ITALIAN ARTICLE. Jardanie ne § il direttore, la mercanzia in questo negozio e principalmente di generi commestibili. Scuole. La scuola publica la quale e fatta in una casa di una camerata S da questi ultimi due anni in cura della signorina Jennings ed 6 attesa da circa allievi. Ora si sta proget- tande di fare una grande scuola. Dipartimento Medico. Trovandosi Lime a solo sei miglia dall' Ospedale Minnequa col quale 6 in comuni- cazione telegrafica e telefonica, le poche inente ne aveva direzione il signor T. B. Butler il quale causa malattia dlede le di- missioni giorni sono, e fu succeduto da T. J. Quinn il quale era ultimamente soprinten- dente a Orient. H. J. Smith S il segretario e r operatore telegrafico in quella cava; Jas. Sease ne e il caporale e Anton Piercic ha sotto di lui una squadra di Austriaci che levano la pietra per 1' Eeilers Smelter. E. A. Allen ^ il macchinista che dirige lo schiacciatoio, W. G. Droye 6 il fabbro ferraio e John Bloomburg 6 lo stalliere. II capo stazione per la ferrovia D. & R. G. Workmen in Quarry at Lime. persone che sono ammalate o ferite sono subito mandate all' ospedale per essere cu- rate. II Dottore A. W. Scarlett e pero il Chirurgo per Lime dove va regolarmente due o tre volte la settimana e piu sovente se necessario. Degli uomini che lavorano alia cava da pietra circa cinquanta sono Italiani, vi sono pure circa sessanta Austriaci e dieci Ameri- cani. Sul principio di quel lavori aveva la di- rezione di quella cava T. H. O'Brien che ora trovasi a Fierro; piu tardi ne fu soprinten- dente M. T. Brennan ora in Rouse; ultima- 6 A. W. Harrell con a suo aiutante F. L. Rey- nolds che ne ha cura alia notte. Situato come 6 Lime, nella vallata del San Charles e circondato da boshetti. Una veduta dei quali e riprodotta in questo nu- mero, si puo dire che la posizione del campo e veramente bella. Both an Elephant and a "Tight Wad." "Uncle, do you believe in signs?" "Sometimes, my boy; why do you ask?" " 'Cause mamma said big ears was a sign of generosity, but you didn't give me any- thing for my birthday." — Exchange. EMERGENCY TREATMENT; HYGIENE; DOMESTIC SCIENCE. *;*• Hospital Bureau of Information 4* Kxnergency Treatment. In the columns of Camp and Plant will be published weekly articles from the Hospital Bureau of Information, upon What To Do in Emergencies and Accidents, upon Hygiene, upon Domestic Science, and upon Social Betterment. The object of such pa- pers is obvious. Dr. Bowditch Morton in his estimable little work on "First Aid to the Injured" very appropriately says: "To aid one another is a fundamental Christian tenet, broadly expressed in the Golden Rule, and systematically carried out by means of the sympathetic ministrations of religi- ous, medical and moneyed organizations for rendering assistance. The clergyman con- soles the spirit, the physician succors the body, and the rich man provides bread, meat and health for his impoverished fellow crea- tures." We do not propose to intrude upon the domains of the clergy, or upon those of the rich man, but hope to aid in many ways those who will read, study, and try to as- sist themselves. We trust therefore our readers will carefully study these articles, for they will embody in a simple, clear and concise manner the latest information known upon the subjects treated. Willing is every person to aid an injured fellow be- ing, but not always does one know what to do except "send for the doctor." That is good but not sufficient. Before the doctor arrives, like dumb brutes we stand about and lament, but are of no assistance to the sufferer. The object of these articles is therefore to place in the hands of our readers knowl- edge that will make them efficient in case of an emergency; inform them regarding rules of health, household economics and house and social betterment. Under emergencies and accidents we be- gin our outline study of the human body, including the anatomy of the skeleton, mus- cles, nerves, blood vessels, digestive tract and other organs. How to overcome shock, stop bleeding, treat burns, sprains, disloca- tions, fractures, etc.; what to do for con- vulsions, fainting, apoplexy, concussion and poisoning; how to apply bandages and carry the maimed, and such other information as one most needs when called suddenly to as- sist the sick and injured. Hints on Hygiene. In discussing hygiene in these columns, it will be our aim to present the subject in as plain and untechnical a manner as is possible without sacrificing exact know- ledge for simplicity of expression. Hygiene is a subject which should appeal to every- one, not only for his own sake, but also for those dependent upon him, and for those who will be influenced by him. No man is absolutely without influence on others. If you follow the proper path, others, see- ing you, will follow in your footsteps. For convenience of presentation we shall divide the subject of Hygiene into two great classes — Domestic and Public, and shall de- vote most of our time to the former. This, then, may again be divided into personal and household hygiene. By personal we shall include not only the care of the dif- ferent parts of the body, as the hair, teeth and nails, but also proper clothing, diet and exercise. We shall attempt to show how one's health and happiness can be im- proved by simple attention to hygienic laws. Under Household Hygiene we will refer to the home itself — its location, material, mode of construction and finally, its care. Public Hygiene may be touched upon to some extent, as it refers to water supply, to cleanliness of streets and sidewalks, and the building, heating, lighting and ventila- tion of our public schools. Domestic Science. Domestic science is of vital importance to every individual. It not only teaches one how to live, but also how to keep alive. Oft- en it is said "What is food for one man ia poison for another." All that we eat is either food or poison, according to the way it is prepared. To know, and not to guess, means that we must be in possession of facts per- taining to food stuffs, their composition EMERGENCY TREATMENT; HYGIENE; DOMESTIC SCIENCE. and nutritive values. The time has passed when a cook longer can depend upon in- stinct, intuition and luck. No longer does one care to risk his life in the hands of a person who is ignorant of the chemical prop- erties of food material and the chemical changes wrought by the processes of cook ing. It is true that our grandmothers cooked and we live; but how much stronger and more healthy might we have been if our grandmothers had been educated cooks. The Department of Domestic Science has a wide field, of which cooking is but one shall attempt to keep before our readers not only the latest, but also the best thought of the day in this special branch of science. By social science we mean the science of society as it manifests itself in such organ- ized groups or associations as family, club, school and community, and in the relations of man to man. Whatever pertains to home and school, and the growth of character; to social life; to civic and community better- ment; and to the mutual relations of em- ploye and employer, comes, in a general way, under this branch of science. Rock Crusher at Lime. branch, for it includes a study of food prod- ucts and their manufacture, home sanita- tion and economics, household chemistry, comparative study of fuels, cooking appa- ratus, and much more that cannot here be given or discussed. Through the col- umns of this weekly these subjects will be taken up during the course of the year. It is hoped that the articles, all prepared by experts, may be profitable to the readers of Camp and Plant. Social Science. Under this general heading will appear each week a series of short articles, or, more properly, notes, through which we It is our hope and intention that these notes may at least prove suggestive — that they may arouse interest and awaken new ideas in the fields mentioned above, and thus be of service in helping us to improve ourselves and our neighbors. No one of us has reached the point where betterment is impossible or needless, and there is no one who will not make an effort toward im- provement if only he can feel the worth of the proposed change, feel that it is a real improvement, and see how it can be brought about. It is the purpose of this column, then, to call attention to some of the points in which miprovement can be made. HOSPITAL BULLETIN. Albo, Frank, of El Moro, who was admit- ted to the hospital May 9 on account of a broken arm, is doing well and will go home shortly. Alexander, Robert, of Walsenburg, who was sent to the hospital May 16 because of an abscess on the stump of an amputated leg, and who was again operated upon on June 10, is Improving. Anderson, S P., of Sopris, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 12 on account of an injured hand, caused by a premature explosion of dynamite, is nearly well. Arthur, David, of Brookside, who was ad- mitted to the hospital May 21 on account of appendicitis, was operated upon June 10 and is improving rapidly. Borga, Charles, of Segundo, was admitted to the hospital June 25 on account of a con- tused head. Brunstadt, Albert, of Sopris, was sent to the hospital June 27 because of a badly sprained ankle. Britian, A. P., of Pictou, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 19 with sciatica, was discharged June 21. Coffee, Chris, of Laramie, was sent to the hospital June 25 because of lumbago. Conti, Dana, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with two broken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg. He is doing nicely and will be about soon. De Paoli, Ludovic, of Berwind, who was admitted to the hospital May 31 with a crushed foot, had his great toe amputated and now is well. De Paoli, S., of Berwind, was admitted to the hospital June 20 with necrosis of the femur. Franzino, C, of Engleville, who was ad- mitted to the hospital May 18, is doing nicely and is about the yard. Gratt, Josie, of Primero, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 8 on account of a fractured leg, now is walking about. Girard, Louis, of Tabasco, who was in- jured about the eyes and face March 13, by a premature explosion, and who was admit- ted to the hospital March 14, went home on June 19. Hall, J. E., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 9, on account of pleurisy, is almost well. Hegedmus, Joseph, of Primero, who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is now about the yard. Keller, C. H., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted to the . hospital May 29, suffering from dyspepsia, is now up. Larkin, Matt, of Sopris, who was sent to the hospital May 18 with a fractured leg, died of cerebral hemorrhage, and was bur- ied in Pueblo. Lenseni, Otelio, of Rouse, who was admit- ted to the hospital April 25, on account of a fractured leg, is doing well. Lukno, Martin, of Tabasco, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25 on account of an attack of enteritis, was discharged June 29. McGuire, T. L., of Redstone, who had his left leg crushed at Coalbasin May 29, and who was admitted to the hospital the next day, had his leg amputated below the knee. He is now walking about. Marco, Lindon, of Rockvale, was admit- ted to the hospital June 26 on account of necrosis of the tibia. Marcondani, Tony, of Primero, who was admitted to the hospital June 19, with a broken leg, is doing well. Michel ich, George, of Coalbasin, who was admitted to the hospital May 3, on account of a fractured leg, is walking around. Moskita, Mike, of Coal Creek, was admit- ted to the hospital June 30, with a hypopym ulcer. Osterman, Andy, of the Laramie rolling mills, who was admitted to the hospital June 15, on account of lacerations over his eye, is improving. Pagnolta, Fork, of Segundo, was admit- ted to the hospital June 25, on account of a contused head. Perrin, W. G., of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 21, is recovering from lumbago. Pol hi II, B. F., of Segundo, was admitted to the hospital June 18, suffering from ty- phoid fever. Raposki, John, of Pictou, who was sent to the hospital June 20 suffering from contu- sions and lacerations about the head, is doing well. MISCELLANEOUS. Ruybalid, Lewis, of Orient, was admitted to the liospital April 12 with a compound fracture of his left thigh. It was feared at first that his leg might have to be amputat- ed, but it has been saved. Ruybalid is now improving slowly. San Martina, Savina, of Sopris, was sent to the hospital June 27 on account of a con- tused head. Selmenia, Philip, of Tabasco, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 20 on account of a broken leg, is walking about. He will go home soon. Serri, G., of Rouse, who was admitted to the hospital March 5 with a broken leg, and who developed an abscess of the back, now is walking about. Silba, Guisippi, of Berwind, who was ad- mitted to the hospital May 4, on account of a lacerated foot, is walking about without crutches. A College Education. "Does a college education pay?" was a question recently propounded to President Hyde of Bowdoin college. The answer is its own best comment: "To be at home in all lands and all ages; to count nature a familiar acquaintance and art an intimate friend; to gain a standard for the apprecia- tion of other men's work and the criticisn of one's own; to carry the keys of the world's library in one's pocket and feel its resources behind one in every task he un- dertakes; to make hosts of friends among the men of one's own age who are to be lead- ers in all walks of life; to lose one's self in generous enthusiasms and co-operate with others for common ends; to learn manners from students who are gentlemen, and form character under professors who are Chris- tians — these are the returns of a college, for the best four years of one's life" Store and Boarding House at Lime. Vito, C res to, of Sunrise, who was admitted to the hospital May 4, on account of a broken leg, is now doing well. Wilson, C. P., of the Colorado Supply Com- pany at Crested Butte, came to the hospital June 10 on account of rheumatism. Wyatt, George, of Walsenburg, who was admitted to the hospital June 5, on account of an injury to his eye, received from a flying bit of coal, now is improving. Ages Mixed. "There was a witty fellow out in a Michi- gan hospital," said Representative William Alden Smith, according to the Washington Post, "who had to be fed on a daily diet of egg and sherry. His physician asked him how he liked it. 'It would be all right, doc- tor' he said, 'if the egg was as new as the sherry, and the sherry as old as the egg.' " The Editor Withdrew It. Once, two gentlemen attended a temper- ance meeting, and, on returning home by a dark and narrow lane, were thrown out of their conveyance. The incident was re- ported in the local paper, and the account closed with the words: "Fortunately, both men were sober." The editor received an angry letter from one of the gentlemen concerned, with the request for an apology. He was equal to the occasion, says the Argonaut. "In our account of the unfortu- nate accident to Messrs. ," wrote the editor, "we stated that fortunately both men were sober. It appears this statement has given great offense. We therefore beg to withdraw it." Many an exciting race has been won by a strong finish. MISCELLANEOUS. Evolution from Minister to Dog. The little daughter of the house watched the minister, who was making a visit, very closely, and finally sat down beside him and began to draw on her slate. "What are you doing?" asked the clergy- man. "I'm making your picture," said the child. The minister sat very still, and the child worked away earnestly. Then she stopped and compared her work with the original, and shook her head. "I don't like it much," she said. "'Tain't a great deal like you. I guess I'll put a tail to it and call it a dog." — Philadelphia Times. Titles and What They Cost. 1— Give a Georgia darkey a chaw of to- bacco and you're a cap'n. 2 — Give him a quarter, you become a colo- nel. 3 — Paralyze him with a dollar and you're a general for life. 4 — Throw in an old suit of clothes, says the Atlanta Constitution, and two stiff "drams" of corn liquor, and he raises all his children to call you "governor." The following answer to a correspondent appears in an Irish journal: "We decline to acknowledge the receipt of your post-card." — Exchange. Company Office at Lime In the Savings Bank. An old woman entered a savings bank in Pueblo the other day and walked up to the desk. "Do you want to withdraw or deposit?" asked the clerk. "Naw, Oi don't. Oi wants to put some in," was the reply. The clerk pushed up the book for her sig- nature, and said: "Sign on this line, please." "Above it or below it?" "Just above it." "Me whole name?" "Yes." "Before Oi was married?" "No, just as it is now." "01 can't wroite." Their First Quarrel. He — How long are you going to keep this up? She — Just as long as you don't want me to. — Life. Thoughtful Mrs. Harris. One night, Mrs. Harris caught Harris A-kissing her new maid from Paris. "John! Pull down the curtain!" She cried, "or your flirtin' The neighbors is apt to embarrass!" — Life. More Deadly Still. Church — I see Dr. Cuttem has got an auto- mobile. Gotham — Couldn't kill 'em quick enough, eh? — Yonkers Statesman. MISCELLANEOUS. II The Joy of Camera Hunting. A Roundelay for March. In an article on "Hunting Big Game With the Camera" in The Outlook, A. G. Wallihan thus describes a typical hunting adventure: To sit hidden behind a sage brush and watch the approach of a band of blacktail deer on one of these trails is the most beau- tiful game sights imaginable. Their gray coats blend so closely with the gray-green of the sage brush that the untrained observer is surprised to see deer within a few yards when he has watched ever so closely and thinks nothing has escaped him. Now they are coming towards you — the leader pauses and gazes intently, apparently right into your eyes, and your heart sinks as you feel that she will turn her command and go around you; the beating of your heart throbs and drums in your ears, your breath comes and goes quickly, and your hand is nervous. But the doe does not see you, for on she comes, and you sit as a statue; if you move ever so slightly, those vigilant eyes will de- tect it, and your beautiful creatures will vanish. She comes within fifty feet, and on to the very spot you have selected for your picture; then you give the shutter bulb its pressure, and your camera shot is fired. Aga-in the doe pauses, the band close behind, with some crowding around her. A faint breeze springs up, she catches scent of you, and with a frightened snort, the band with great springing bounds leap away over the sage brush, generally back on the trail, evi- dently thinking there Is no danger there, for have they not just traveled over it? You watch them until they disappear over a ridge, then move your cramped limbs, for it seems an age since they came in sight. If you didn't have buck fever, you are hardly human. And in your camera is something which, under the magic spell of the dark room, will reproduce that enchanting scene. The great, fat buck, with his beautifully poised head crowned with antlers which re- mind you of the dead limbs of a scraggly cedar tree, the watchful doe leader looking and listening intently, her fawn peeking around her at you — the rest in all manner of poses. Trouble. Cannot some wise one tell us To ease our wondering minds, Who is it loses all the fault That other people find? In March there comes a day, a day. When Winter mounts and rides away; (God speed thee hence. Sir Winter.) The Waters are again alive, The doughty little Birds arrive; (Pray turn not. Master Winter.) - 'Tis time for Youth to sing, to sing, And lightly on the soft Earth spring; (Beseech thee haste. Dame Flora.) And to the good warm Sun who charms The bitter airs, upfling his arms; (Haste, haste thee, beauteous Flora.) — Hulbert Footner, in The Outlook. A G)mpany House at Lime. Diluted, at Least. Mr. T. Totaler — My dear, I do not think it very appropriate for you to wear wine-colored silk to the W. C. T. U. convention. Mrs. T. Totaler — Oh, but it's watered silk, you know. — Baltimore American. And then Wrote "The Blessed Damozel." Alluding to the fact that it was the late Dante Gabriel Rossetti who induced Hall Caine to adopt the profession of a novelist, Austin Dobson recently remarked: "Yes. He raised Caine." — Argonaut Esprit du Corps In South Africa. British General — ^And did your men run away? Colonel — Sir! His Majesty's two thousand seven hundred and eighty-first lowlanders never run away! We surrendered, sir! Map of Minnequa Steel Works of G>lorado Ftu -"^ a rjjii>-£- luiat AtHTSim. aALMMIIMe Ml. wiat auwim en. 1 M i — » 1 -^J' HL '^^HO.U.. \ ^ { 1 «««<.. 1 { 1 „^- mMtujuru. mac House HOI ^^y^ 9ueT AimtAiMi » „ S H E ^' u rtJ^ 1 Iron Company at Pueblo, Colorado, June, 1902. 14 COALBASIN— EL MORO. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIOLOGICAL DEPAETMENT OF THE COLORADO FUEL AND IRON COMPANY AND DEVOTED TO NEWS FEOM THE MINES AND MILLS LAWRENCE LEWIS Editor Denver Pueblo Boston Building, Room 720 Minnequa Hospital Subscription Price - $1 a Year, in Advance Singrle Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Saturday, July 5, 1902 ( JSf^ NEMTS ITEMS ^ ) COALBASIN. Strawberry Day at Glenwood Springs was well patronized by the people of Coalbasin. Forty-five took advantage of the day. All expressed themselves well pleased. Miss Ada Reese has been spending a few days with friends at Newcastle, Glenwood Springs, Rifle and other mountain towns. Mrs. W. E. Ashby came to Colabasin the evening of June 20, surprising the Doctor, pleasing him very much and causing his face to rubber into pleasant smiles of hap- piness. Mrs. Ashby expresses herself well pleased with the camp. J. P. Thomas, superintendent of the third division of the Fuel Department of the Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company, honored us with a business call last week. L. A. Hanawald has just finished taking inventory of stock on hand, and has com- memorated the event by decorating the store with many beautiful palms, which add to the appearance and attractiveness of the institution. W. E. Damon of Redstone has been rusti- cating with us a few days, taking Inven- tory of Crystal River Railroad stock at this camp. Charles Isola, lumber contractor of Sun- shine, Colorado, made the camp a pleasant call last week. Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Yewell and baby, Miss Mary Hayden of Carbondale, W. P. Yewell of Glenwood Springs and Miss Ellen Peter- son of Rifie, were visiting H. A. Yewell, man- ager of the club house at Coalbasin, June 25 and 26. J. A. Yewell is a brother, and W. P. Yewell an uncle of H. A. Yewell. Walter Baxter of Crested Butte, is visit- ing at John Shaw's. Mr. Baxter is quite a piscatorist, bringing with him several large mountain trout which he distributed among several of his friends in this camp. The impressive ceremonies of opening the Coalbasin Club occurred on the afternoon of June 22. A brass band was up from Red- stone. The following persons were present and participated in the grand affair: J. C. Osgood, T. M. Gibb, S. D. Blair, T. D. Boals, William Vanwinkle, Dr. A. Taylor and many others. After a few preliminaries and some appropriate selections by the band, which were nicely rendered, Mr. Osgood addressed the citizens in a short and appropriate speech, setting forth the object and purpose of the club, after which he announced the club opened in due form, signalizing the event by causing the first nickel to jingle in the register. The members of the Board of Directors were called together and formally organized, and a constitution and a set of rules were adopted. After a short period of friendly intercourse and amusement the familiar "All Aboard" was announced, and the Redstone contingent boarded the cars. As the train was ready to start three hearty cheers were given in honor of Mr. Osgood and party, which was responded to by the Redstone friends. The bell rang, the engine whistled and coughed, a few gutteral vibra- tions, and amid cheers and music the train pulled out, leaving the Coalbasin Club to paddle its own canoe. At this writing, (June 28,), the Club is flourishing, having already over one hundred members. W, E. A. EL MORO. The Mengine baby died last Tuesday morning at five o'clock of inflammation of the stomach. The new coke boss, Horace Hubbard, be- gan the performance of his duties the other day. FIERRO, GIBSON, LIME, MINNEQUA WORKS. 15 Mrs. M. G. Grabill, supervisor of kinder- gartens, visited tlic kindergarten at El Moro Friday morning of last week, and attended mothers' meeting in the afternoon. She intends shortly to leave for a six or eight weeks' stay in Chicago, where she will pur- sue studies especially in the line of her work. We fear that she will not get as much of a rest as she certainly needs. A number of the El Moro people have at- tended the carnival in Trinidad at different times, and report a good time. A number of the Americans in the camp met for a social evening at the kindergar- ten last Monday. It is the purpose to meet once every fortnight. E. K. FIERRO. Quite a number of our young folks at- tended a dance given by the Santa Rita Social Club at Ernest's, June 21. June 24 was the hottest day known to old- timers — 107 degrees in the shade was the record. Jesse O. Thomas started for Lake Valley, overland June 25, and unless held up by the Indians, will return on July 1. Owing to the almost entire lack of rain since November last, all wells and other available sources of water supply in this immediate section have failed; consequent- ly water is the most valuable article in camp. C. F. B. GIBSON, N. M. A game of baseball was played at Gallup Sunday, June 22, between the Gibson Greys and Gallup. The game resulted in a victory for the visitors after a hard fought batting contest. The large score of 22 to 17 was owing to the weakness of the Gallup bat- tery, and occasional errors of the Greys. Miss May McDonald gave a party at her home June 26. The occasion was her six- teenth birthday. The many happy young couples were served with refreshments at 12 o'clock. The music was rendered by the Gibson orchestra. The Gallup mine has temporarily ceased equipment work. The Gibson Greys played a game of base- ball at Fort Wingate the Fourth of July with the Wingate team. The team will be accompanied by many of the residents of Gibson who will pass the day at the Fort and at Milk Ranch. LIME. Henderson Fawcett of Lake City was call- ing on old friends here last Sunday. Mrs. Sease and daughter Edith of Beulah, were visiting Mr. and Mrs. Allen last week. T. B. Butler has resigned his position as superintendent of the limestone quarries, and is contemplating a trip with his family to California to spend the summer. T. J. Quinn of Orient has taken charge of the work. Pueblo was the main attraction for our boys on the Fourth. L. I. Me. Harry Jones, one of our carpenters, was off last week on account of sickness. C. K. Blackford, one of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company bricklayers, was united in marriage last Friday evening to Miss Eva Jones of Colorado Springs. Mr. and Mrs. Blackford expect to go to housekeeping in Bessemer, and all their friends are cordially invited to call. Thomas Platts and friend took a trip to Cripple Creek Sunday and report a very en- joyable time. Among those who took in Marshall Pass excursion last Sunday were C. C. McGowan, Rudolph Pottager, Arthur Dickson, John Flanagan, August Raab, Anton Long, C. A. McGowan and T. F. Torpy, all bricklayers employed at the Minnequa plant. James Curren, one of our popular brick- layers, is back at his old place. He worked all week without missing a day. Wonder- ful! Add Batterson and Walter Wray of the mason force, visited their gold mine last week, and brought back some specimens of the richest ore in Colorado. Everybody takes the Camp and Plant now. William O'Brien, foreman of a yard gang, is off duty on account of a spell of sickness. S. H. Greanoff, superintendent of the wag- on factory, has gone to Buffalo, New York. }6 MINNEQUA WORKS. Henry Green, telegrapher at the nine- inch mill, is sick at his home. Guy Stevenson, better known as "Stevie", formerly clerk in the master mechanic's of- fice, is now located in the general office. He succeeded Millard Foster, who is now con- nected with the time-keeping department at the blast furnaces. Ambrose Ermengilda had his foot mashed by a heavy piece of iron falling upon him. Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Roberts, parents of George W. Roberts, one of the time-keepers for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company arrived in Pueblo Wednesday, June 25, and will spend a month or so with their son. Mr. Roberts is engaged in the real estate business in Eldon, Iowa. This is his first trip "West. H. M. Kuntz, a bricklayer, met with a very painful accident last week. He was working on the foundation for the new en- gine at the power house when he was ac- cidentally struck in the face by a trowel in the hands of a fellow workman, receiving a very painful wound. George Grafton of the mechanical depart- ment at the pipe foundry, has returned to work after a very serious illness. A farewell supper was given to Joe Guen-. ther and Frank Mclntyre at the home of William Stemmel on the evening of their departure for the East on a pleasure tour. They will go to Chicago and from there to Buffalo, N. Y., by way of the Lakes. Thev expect to be gone about a month. The foundation has been completed for the new sump, and the iron work will be started immediately. Milton Kuntz has purchased a fine new horse and buggy and can be seen on the streets almost every evening, trying his new rig. James B. Selsor, the third baseman for the C. F. and I. ball team, met with a very serious accident while at work. Mr. Selsor is employed as a switchman in the steel works yards, and while setting a brake on a car the chain broke and threw Mr. Selsor under the train, the wheels passing over his foot, crushing it very badly. Amputa tion may be necessary. All of Mr. Selsor's many friends sympathize with him, and hope for his speedy recovery. A. McDaniels, a bricklayer, has moved into his new home on Routt Avenue in the Minnequa Addition. J. W. Everhart, moulder in the casting foundry, was badly used up in the street car wreck last week, and will be off duty for a few days. Thomas Burke has been appointed general foreman of the blast furnace department. Mr. Burke has been general foreman at Ed- gar Thompson, Youngstown, Ohio, and at Sharon, Pennsylvania, and is considered one of the very best furnacemen in the country. One of the social events of the week was the marriage of Edward A. Butts to Miss Frances L. Boomer last Wednesday, June 25, at St. Patrick's church. H. J. and Miss Lu ella Butts, brother and sister of tne groom, acted as best man and bridesmaid. After the ceremony a delicious wedding breakfast was served at the home of the bride's par- ents, 1502 Pine Street. Mr. Butts and his wife will reside in Bessemer, where they will be at home to their many friends on and after June 25. The brick work is progressing very rapidly at the open hearth department, and a goo start has been made on the foundations for the sterling boilers. The work is being pushed as rapidly as possible, a large force of bricklayers and masons being employed. The rumor that has been afloat around the office that Chester M. Wells spent $4,800 the last night of the carnival has been of ficially denied by the gentleman himself. Mr. Wells, in speaking of the matter, sayr he does not know how the rumor started, as he spent $480 only for pink lemonade and candy. Alexander Buchanan left last Monday fo a trip through the East. He will visit To- ronto, Canada, the scenes of his boyhood days. He will also visit the Thousand Is lands, and will go up the St. Lawrence River. On his return he will again assume his regular duties as machinist in the con- verting mill. Gus Noad, carpenter at the casting foun- dry, was off for some few days on account of sickness. Harry Gambridge and James Curran of the masons, took in the Marshall Pass ex cursion last Sunday. A drum corps has been organized by Sons of Veterans No. 4, Pueblo. An election of officers was held Saturday, June 21, and the following officers were elected: President, Paul Van Fossen; Vice-President, Wesley Corp; Secretary, Ed. Watson; Vice-Secre- MINNEQUA WORKS. 17 tary, M. E. Watson; Treasurer, John Irwin, Jr. The drum corps will start practicing Immediately under the direction of one of the old veterans, and the members hope to be well organized by early fall. A number of the boys are employed by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company in various depart- ments. Edward Horde, superintendent of con- struction, has been off duty for several days on account of a severe attack of pleurisy. S. R. Sands, engineer at the roll shop, has been off for several days on account of sickness. ing young lady of Bessemer, July 1. Mr. Vincent is one of the most popular em- ployes of the foundry, and his many friends wish for him and his young bride elect many years of wedded bliss and happiness. John Dorsey, employed as pipe fitter by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, has resigned his position to accept a better on' as foreman at the Newberg mills, Cleveland, Ohio. G. L. Baucher, an apprentice at the cast- ing foundry, while at work met with a seri- ous accident last Saturday. While hoisting a flask with a hand crane the handle slipped Madrid^ New Mexico. Main Street Looking North — Company Office on Right, Santa Fe Range in Distance. Carl Davenport of the casting foundry, met with a very painful accident one day last week. While bathing in Lake Minne- qua he stepped upon a piece of glass, cutting a severe gash in his foot, which will occa sion his absence from duty for several days. Robert Harvey, a mason, is sick at his home. John Travis, craneman at the roll shop, is off duty on account of sickness. E. J. Gilbert, a bricklayer, left last week for his old home in Philadelphia, where he will reside permanently. Rumor has it that Lewis Vincent is to be married to Miss Mamie Langdon, a charm- from his hands. The weight on the crane when so suddenly released, caused the han- dle to rapidly revolve, and it struck Mr. Baucher a severe blow in the nose, greatly lacerating that member. He will be absent from duty as a result of the accident. Allen S. Bliem, of the time department reports a very pleasant time on the excur- sion to Georgetown Loop. J. J. Firestone of Colorado Springs, spent Sunday with his friends A. M. Clendenen and Paul Hargrave of the office force. Fred Darroch, for many years chief clerk at the Minnequa Works, has been appointed auditor for the Minnequa Works. James H. 18 MINNEQUA WORKS— ORIENT. Robinson, formerly assistant chief clerk, has been appointed chief clerk to the mana- ger of the works. Both appointments are effective immediately. Both Mr. Darroch and Mr. Robinson are numbered among the "old timers". They have seen the steel plant grow from an affair of one small fur- nace to its present size. It is safe to say there is not a man of the thousands now employed at Minnequa who will not be heartily glad to hear of the promotion of these two splendid men. The annual meeting of the Colorado State Medical Association, was held at the Grand Hotel in Pueblo June 24, 25 and 26. Besides Dr. R. W. Corwin, chief surgeon for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, who was president of the association and to whose efforts much of the success of the meetings was due, there was a large rep- resentation of surgeons of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. All took promin- ent part in the three days' sessions. Those of the medical department staff of the com- pany who were present, met June 25 in the Grand Hotel and organized "The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company Medical Society," which includes in its list of members all physicians connected with the medical de- partment. Officers were elected as follows: President, R. W. Corwin, M. D., Pueblo; Vice-President, T. J. Forhan, M. D., Trini- dad; Secretary and Treasurer, C. V. Marma- duke, M. D., of Pueblo. The officers were constituted a council to make all arrange- ments for the next meeting. The meetings, which are to be held every six months, are to be devoted to the discussion of subjects that will be of mutual benefit. The place and time of the next meeting will be an- nounced in a later issue of Camp and Plant. C. S. Robinson, general manager of the Iron Department, was in Pueblo the first of the week. Auditor J. A. Writer was down from Den- ver the middle of the week. S. I. Heyn, assistant secretary, was down from Denver on Monday. The two additions to the warehouse of the Colorado Supply Company at Minnequa, which adjoins the old structure on the north, is almost completed. John Taylor, for some time car inspector for the Colorado & Wyoming railway, has been promoted to the position of foreman of car inspection for the middle division of the Colorado and Wyoming, with headquar- ters at the Minnequa Works. Mr. Taylor has been in the employ of the company for four years, and for some time was car in- spector at Trinidad. Dr. R. W. Corwin, chief surgeon for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, delivered an address on the subject of "Sanitary Im- provement" Wednesday afternoon, July 2, at the regular weekly luncheon of Pueblo real estate men. A game between the nine made up of the doctors of the Minnequa Hospital and the team composed of clerks of the Colo- rado Supply Company store at Minnequa, had been scheduled for Friday morning, July 4. The doctors were present, ready to play, but the C. S. Co. nine failed to ap- pear. This was a great disappointment to many of the spectators who had been hear- ing for some weeks from the Supply Com- pany team what terrible things were going to happen to the physicians. Umpire Fonda awarded the game to the doctors by a score of 9 to 0. P. H. ORIENT. Miss Collier closed a very successful tern: of school June 13. New, first-class furni- ture and supplies for the school have been purchased recently. The ladies of Orient desire to thank, through the columns of Camp and Plant, the many gentlemen who aided in purchasing the Missionary organ, lights and hymn books. The organ is a delightful acquisi- tion to Orient church services. Superintendent T. J. Quinn left Tuesday for Lime, where he is to take charge. Mrs. Quinn and little Frank accompanied him as far as the Grove, where they will visit a few days with Mrs. Quinn's mother. Mr. Tim McNamara has succeeded Mr. Quinn. We regret losing Mr. and Mrs. Quinn, and wish them all success and much happiness in their new home. Quite a number of friends spent Saturday evening at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Quinn. Dancing was the principal feature of amuse- ment. The "Chariot Race" recited by Mrs. Dick Dustin is worthy of mention. Mrs. George Bloomfield returned from PRIMERO— SEGUNDO. 19 Denver Wednesday. She was accompanied by her daughter, who has been attending school in Denver the past year. C. E. C. PRIMERO. Mrs. M. G. Grabill was in camp June 24 and 25. Miss May Vaughan of Segundo, spent June 24 with her cousin, Miss Moran. School will close for the summer on July 3, and will resume in September, when it is expected that the new building will be in readiness. tons of rubbish have been removed in thQ past few weeks. W. M. Ogle, M. D., has succeeded Dr. L. B. Pillsbury as surgeon for Primero and Se- gundo. Dr. Pillsbury has returned to his old home in the East. His many friends regret his departure. SEGUNDO. The hot weather, combined with the heat from the ovens, has made Segundo an ex- ceedingly warm place the past week or two. The new washer is ready for the placing One of the Homes at Lime. Mr. Jewett will spend the next two months here in the interest of the Sociological De- partment. The company has now completed about 215 houses, and most of these are already occupied. Every one is a good, substantial house, and no two are quite alike throughout. An epidemic of measles has very much reduced the attendance at the public school. A great amount of grading has been done in the vicinity of the company store, and at the rear a fence is under construction. R. J. Baldock drove to Engleville June 24, and returned the following day. The camp is being overhauled, and many of machinery, and work will be commenced on the stack bin immediately. G. B. McDermott has been appointed su- perintendent of construction vice A. C. Koeh- ler, who is now with the Colorado & Wyo- ming Railway. The new company office is a commodious and well-furnished building. The grading of the depot site just south of the main track is now about completed. Mrs. R. G. Cook has been ill, but is now much improved. Mrs. A. C. Koehler has just recovered from a severe attack of tonsilitis. 20 SOPRIS— SUNRISE— TABASCO. SOPRIS. A. D. Rodman, our new master mechanic, formerly of Grey Creek, comes well-recom- mended, and already has made many friends. His family will arrive next week. Our esteemed camp surgeon, Dr. Lowery, was on the sick list for several days, but, happily. Is again on duty. H. H. Robinson, of the University of Colo- rado at Boulder, will spend his vacation in camp working in connection with the Socio- logical Department in the line of boys' and girls' clubs. He has several in good running order, and all are well attended. Being a young man of kindly disposition and pleas- ing manners, Mr. Robinson is already in great favor among us. Our new superintendent and his beautiful and charming bride are a great addition to our social and musical circles. Mr. Thomp- son, although a very energetic business man is not lacking in social graces, and is an excellent piano player. Mrs. Thompson al- ready is a favorite in camp, by reason of her delightful personality and graceful ac- complishments. She possesses a rich con- tralto voice and sings with expression and vivacity. Her musical training has evi- dently been supplementary to natural talent, for she plays as excellently as she sings. Mr. and Mrs. Thompson are boarding tem porarlly at the pleasant home of Mr. and Mrs. Williams; nor could they find a more congenial atmosphere than that which per- vades the home circle of so refined and de- lightful a family. An accident occurred in the mine last week by which a driver, Albert Bumstadt, was quite seriously Injured in the foot. Sam Martino, a miner, was seriously injured by a fall of rock in the mine. The men were sent to the hospital Friday morning. The second office clerk, C. G. Rosenberg, went to Pennsylvania some weeks ago, re- turning with his fair and winsome young bride. They are a distinct addition to our camp society. Mr. and Mrs. Rosenberg are keeping house in a cosy cottage, and are "at home" to all. D. P. SUNRISE, WYOMING. Superintendent and Mrs. Gilchrist have re- turned from Denver. Lee Henderson, manager of the Colorado Supply Company store in Sunrise, returned from Denver Thursday, accompanied by his wife and child. Messrs. Fred Haines, George Dumas and J. E. DeFond returned Thursday from a trip to Denver and Cheyenne. Foreman J. W. Adams was in Chadron, Nebraska, a couple of days last week. The foundation for the new Colorado Sup- ply Company store is being laid. The ball given by the Woodmen of the World Friday evening, June 20, was the largest and most successful dance ever given in Sunrise. Some forty couples par- ticipated A bountiful supper was spread, and a general good time was enjoyed by all. Ed. L. Cravens, of the Colorado and Wyo ming railway at Sunrise, and Miss Edith Stoneking of Hartville, were married at Guernsey, Wyoming, Sunday, June 22. Mr. Cravens is steady, industrious, a thorough railroad man and very popular with his as- sociates. The bride, the daughter of H. Stoneking, a bright and accomplished young lady. We join the readers of Camp and Plant in extending our best wishes to Mr. and Mrs. Cravens. Sunday, June 22, witnessed the return game of baseball between Guernsey and Sun- rise. This game was somewhat longer than the first game, although the day was nol long enough for its completion. Six innings were played, the score being 45 to 19 in favor of Sunrise. We refrain from any com- ments. TABASCO. O. W. Cosby, M. D., has succeeded to the work at Tabasco, formerly performed by Dr. George Andrews. The Outs and Ins of Politics. Sometimes you have to dig to find your star. — Life. There are always two political parties ; not so much because there are two sides to every public question as because there are two sides to every office, viz.: the Inside and the outside. — Life. CRISTOFORO COLOMBO. 21 C RISTOFORO COLOMB O Narrazione Storica compilata sulle opere di suo figlio Fernando; di Antonio Gallo, suo contemporaneo e sugli scritti degli storici e critici posteriori: se- guita da un inno popoiare Colombiano musicato da! iVI. Giovanni Basso. VII. AL CONVENTO DELLA RABIDA. Do la parola ad Alfonso Lamartine: "La primavera dell' anno 1471, verso il mezzo del giorno, sotto la sferza del sollione, e r opprimente caldura del cielo andaluso, salendo una collina distante una mezza lega dal piccolo porto dl Palos, due viaggiatori posavano all' ombra dl un portico innanzi al monastero di Santa iVIaria di Rabida. La fronte aveano bagnata di sudore, gli abiti, non in tutto dimessi, ma per la polvere ma- landati, i calzari logori dal lungo cammi- nare; 1' aspetto chiedente ospitalita al primo ve derli. E larga ospitalita conce- devano a que' tempi i conventi de' frances- cani che erano alberghi pei poveri viaggia- tori e i devoti pellegrini, e ben poco tardar- ono i monaci a venir incontro ai due fores- tieri. Uno di essi era giunto appena a mezzo il corso della vita, alto di statura, robusto di forme, severo di lineament!, e nobile nell' aperta fronte, pensieroso nello sguardo, gra- zioso e dolce nell' atteggiare delle labbra. I capelli, che avea biondi ma traenti al bru- no nella sua prima gioventu, cadevano ora bianchicci sulle tempie, e accennavano la lavoro del pensiero che invecchia, e alia sventura che incurva. La tinta del suo volto gia, prima colorita, era fatta pallida dallo studio, e abbronzata dal sole; il suono della sua voce accentuato, sonoro e pene- trante come di chi 6 solito proferire alti pensieri, e non spregar parole inutilmente. N6 scorgevasi ombra di leggerezza ne' suoi atti; egli era grave e composto, e pareva raccolto in un' idea, intento ad osservare se stesso, quasi uomo pregante nella Casa di Dio. L' altro era un fanciullo da otto a dieci anni. I suoi lineamenti, femminili a primo guardarli, ma resi piil severi dalle prema- ture fatiche morali, avevano tale rassom- iglianza con quelli del compagno viaggia- tore, che non era da ingannarsi dicendolo o figlio o fratello di lui. Questi due stranieri erano Cristoforo Co- lombo e Diego, suo figlio. I monaci inter- essati al nobile aspetto del padre, e all' aria gentile del fanciulletto, li condussero pre- murosamente nel monastero, offrendo loro la parca merenda, il quieto riposo, e 1' amica ombra dovuta al pellegrino. Mentre Col- ombo e suo figlio rifocillavansi un poco, venne il priore avvertito della venuta del dut viaggiatori e del singolare contrasto che in loro faceva la nobile apparenza, e la chiara poverty. II priore discese subito desideroso di conoscerli. II superiore del convento della Rabida nomavasi Giovanni Perez de Marchena, gia confessore della regina Isabella, che reg- nava allora con Ferdinando sulla Spagna. Uomo modesto, raccolto nello studio e nella preghiera, avea amato riparare a quel si- curo asilo e togliersi agli onori ed agli in- trighi della corte; ma avea per tale condotta appunto conservato gran rispetto in palazzo, e molta influenza sull' animo della regina. La Provvidenza avea forse guidato i passi del Colombo, e condottolo presso colui che poteva aprirgli le porte del consiglio, 1' or- ecchio e li cuore del sovranl. II priore salut6 lo straniero, carezz6 il fanciullo, e richiese con benevolenza, perch6 viaggiassero a piedi in quella stagione, e avessero preso le vie meno frequentate, ven- endo a battere alia porta di un monastero quasi perduto nella campagna. Colombo raccontd la sua vita oscura, sviluppo gli immensi suoi pensieri davanti i monaci mar- avigliati. Questa vita e questi pensieri erano tutta la sua vita e la sua speranza logorata nel dolore di una lunga aspettativa, per r attuazione di un concetto gigantesco.' II priore che non era ignaro delle cogni- zioni da cui Colombo aveva tratto profltto, e nella tranquilla quiete del suo convento si era dedicato ai cari studi di cosmografia, e alia contemplazione dei grandi spettacoli del a natura, ben lo comprese, e ci 6 facile anche ricostruire il suo discorso. — Tu mi parli, disse a Colombo, di poter promettere immense ricchezze a quel sov- rano che volesse aiutarti nei tuoi disegni. Ma di che si tratta, figliuolo mio? Se la Provvidenza ti ha portato sulla mia strada perchg io ti sovvenga del mio aiuto, bene- dird Dio che viuole servirsi d' un suo indeg- 22 CRISTOFORO COLOMBO. no servo. Ma parla con maggior chiarezza: io ti leggo negli occhi un proposito lunga- mente meditato, e le tue parole accennano che devi aver pari alia constanza dell' animo la profondltS, dell' ingegno e la vasta coltura. Colombo con una mano accennandogli 11 mare: — Che cosa credi tu, gli disse a padre Giovanni, con accento animatissimo, che al di \h di quest' acque immense ci sia? Se al pari di tanti altri, ti pasci dell' errore fo- mentato dalla superstizione e dall' igno- ranza, noi due non potremo intenderci mal. Ma se anche tu, come me, credi alia sferi- cita della terra, se ti pare possibile e ragi- onevole che il globo terrestre abbia abita- tori in tutte le sue parti, e che grandi ter- ritorii sconosciuti si distendano laggiu, sotto di noi, al punto opposto dove ora noi ci tro- viamo, se non ridi tu pure all' idea che quegli uomini camminino capovolti, e se pensi che Iddio non puo volere che riman- gano nell occurita e nella barbarie milioni e milioni di creature ragionevoli . . . allora sappi che lo mi sento da tanto da attraver- sare 1' Oceano pauroso, e andare a trovar quelle genti, e conquistarle alia civiltS. e alia religione di Cristo. Colombo s' era venuto a mano a mano animando, e quando comprese, dalla mera- viglia del frate, che in lui ear cosi forte i' ammirazione da non lasciar posto alia in- credulita con lungo ragionamento e con pro- fonde considerazioni scientiflche svolse il meraviglioso disegno della sua mente: spie- g6 come egli ritenesse per certo, che navi- gando verso le Indie dalla parte di occidente e non piil di levante, 'di dovessero trovare gli estremi lembi dell' Asia, e terre nuove non visitate ancora da alcuno, e isole di meravigliosa fecondita, e miniere inesau- ribili di metalli e di pietre preziose. A questi risultati sicuri lo conducevano i lun- ghi studi proseguiti in tutta la vita, ma so- pra tutto quello che per lui era assioma in- discutibile, la provata sfericita della terra. — Poco mi occorre, disse, concludendo il suo eloquente discorso che il padre Giovanni aveva ascoltato senza batter palpebra: mi basta che il Re e la Regina affldino a me tre sole navi con sufficiente equipaggio; mi diano libera facolta di percorrere il mare; mi attribuiscano poteri illimitati per otten- ere la necessaria obbedienza, onde io possa agire per ordine e comando del Sovrani, e metto pegno che 1' impresa, con 1' aiuto di Dio grande e buono, sara, coronata di felicis- simo esito." II padre guardiano assegno nel convento una stanzetta al ragazzo prech6 si riposasse dalla fatica e dal caldo, e condusse nelle proprie camere Colombo incitandolo a par- lare ancora. Non era curiositS, vana la sua. Piu di quello che ai giorni nostri non succeda, il fervore delle scoperte marittime agitava i contemporanei di Colombo. Non solo il Portogallo, potenza marittima di prim' or- dine, popolo immaginoso che andava in traccia d' avventure, e meglio ancora se poteva trarne utile e profitto, eveva iniziata una serie di fortunate scoperte, le quali con- osciute di mano in mano avevano acceso sempre piu nell' animo di Colombo la bra- mosia, e con la bramosia la certezza della riuscita, di quel suo idoleggiato viaggio alle Indie per una via a tutti ignota. E fu dav- vero provvidenziale che il padre Giovanni Perez e non altri ottenesse dalla viva voce di Colombo tutte le spiegazioni desiderabili. Non era uomo di mare il buon frate, ma in lui ne poteva moltissimo 1' ardore religioso, e con animo commosso stava a giorno delle nuove conquiste che via via i Portoghesi facevano in contrade abitate da selvaggi, perchg in quel fatto egli vedeva il riscatto di anime tolte per sempre alia tenbre dell' errore, e vivificate dalle luce dei Vangelo. Comprendeva i vantaggi che alia diletta pa- tria, la Spagna, deriverebbero dalle scoperte annunziate e promesse da Colombo; capiva di quanto si accrescerebbe la potenza dei due Sovrani se 1' impresa fosse potuta con- durre a buon porto; ma in lui pid che altro era grande la sollecitudine per il ben della religione, e le tribfl selvagge conquistate al Vangelo valevano per lui molto pid di tutte le miniere d' oro e d' argento che nelle lon- tane isole fortunate si troverebbero. Quella memorabile giornata non era an- cor giunta al suo termine, e gia i due nuovi amici s' erano trovati d' accordo su quanto bisognasse fare. Oramai il padre Giovanni, con quell' ar- dore che nasce da una gran fede, era per- suaso quanto 1' altro della ragionevolezza del suo disegno: raccontS anzi a Colombo cose che egli ignorava, e che gli riempi 1' animo di giubilio: — Nella Spagna un vecchio pilota espertis- simo, per 1' appunto di Palos, aveva una CRISTOFORO COLOMBO. 23 volta riferito al padre Giovanni, e molti in paese se ne ricordavano ancora, che circa un quarant' anni innanzi navigando egli per r Oceano fu sorpreso da una tempesta fu- riosissima, e i venti contrari lo avevano spinto suo malgrado tanto avanti nel mare, che egli riteneva non essere mai nessun al- tro arrivato fino a quel punto. E successe un giorno lo strano caso: che 11 mare si calmo a un tratto, e le onde cor- revano placide e tranquille attorno alia sua nave, quantunque venti fortissimi sofllas- sero in quel momento da occidente. — O come rasche dell' autunno e dell' inverno: onde il pilota e gll altri marinari deliberarono dl tornarsene indietro. — Ma sono le terre che io cerco coteste! Esclamava Colombo tutto infervorato al rac- conto del padre Perez. E con 1' aiuto di Dio spero di essere plil fortunate del vecchio pilota di Palos. Piti glorni scorsero in detti ragionamentl, ai quali si uni, terzo, un grande amico del Perez, un Fernandez Garcia, dottissimo in cose di geografia e di cosmografia: e fu de- liberato che Cristoforo Colombo, provveduto A Glimpse of Lake Minnequa (C. F. & 1. Reservoir Number J ) Adjoining the Grounds of the Minnequa Hospital^ Pueblo. mai? — diceva giustamente meravigliato il pilota. E congetturd che appunto da quella parte di occidente (la via che vaheggiava nel suo pensiero Colombo) ci dovesse es- sere una qualche terra lontana, e cos! vasta da tenere in briglia le acque. II pilota ed i compagni discussero sul da fare, e taluno piil ardito proponeva di spin- gersi innanzi per scoprire le ignote terre che non dovevano essere tanto remote da non poterle raggiungere; ma la prudenza prevalse. S' era in sul flnire dell' estate, e la fragile nave cacciata la alia ventura avrebbe poi dovuto sfidare le prossime bur- a spese del convanto, andrebbe alia Corte con una lettera commendatizia per un altro amico del Perez; nientedimeno per il con fessore della regina Isabella, e Ik provve- derebbe da se farsi strada nell' animo del Sovrani. Combinato il tutto, il piccolo Diego ri- mase ospite graditissimo del convento, e Colombo in una bella mattinata del mese di giugno 1486, montato in groppa ad una mula e accompagnato fino al basso della salita dai cari amici che lo eccitavano a sperar bene, abbraccio un' ultima volta 11 flgliuolo, voile che il padre Giovanni lo bene- 24 CRISTOFORO COLOMBO. dicesse, e con 1' anima ricca di speranze, e col fantasma lieto dell' avvenire nel cuore, si avvio solo solo verso la cittS, di Cordova, dove stava appunto la Corte. VIII. LA REGINA ISABELLA. 10 qui dird, col Checchi che nel 1884, fece un bel racconto popolare della vita di Co- lombo, diro che la grande simpatia per una donna augusta, che fu gloria della Spagna e onore del suo sesso, mi invoglierebbe a una digressione per discorrervi di quella celebre regina Isabella, che fu la vera, la sola, la grande protettrice di Colombo. 11 Checchi dice: "Ella ebbe ingegno parti alia virtd; con- obbe r arte del governare i popoli, come pochi uomini politici del suo secolo la con- oscevano; fu ispiratrice e cooperatrice di grandi opere, di vaste e generose imprese. Di lei uno storico imparziale lascio scritto questo; che fu uno dei caratteri piil belli e piil puri che abbiano allietata 1' umanitS,; e un altro grande scrittore modern© 1' ha chiamata la piix nobile creatura che abbia mai regnato sopra gli uomini. Dotata di tutti i pregi che la natura vo- lentieri concede ai suoi prediletti, alle gra- zie e alle dolcezze della donna univa Isa- bella i virli propositi, il coraggio magnanimo e il valore di un condottiero d' eserciti: e nelle molte guerre che durante il suo regno si combatterono in Ispagna, in quella guerra specialmente contro i Mori invasori che era durata a un bel circa otto secoli, e che dov- eva finire gloriosamente per opera appunto d' Isabella, essa aveva pivl volte, con la sola presenza, ridonata la fede ai soldati che dubitavano, e fatto cambiar faccia alle cose; perch6 non sdegnava, occorrendo, di scen- dere in campo, e prendere lei la direzione delle operazioni guerresche. II nome della regina Isabella, a quel modo che fu adorato e benedetto dai contempor- anei, rimase nella storia come un gentile modello di tutte de perfezioni; e se la Spag- na dei tempi di Colombo e di tutta la prima meta del secolo decimosesto fu il piu grande regno e il pi^ potente d' Europa (Carlo V soleva dire, alludendo appunto all' America, che il sole non tramontava mai nei suoi S[t}ati, perch§ si sa che sparendo il sole dalle nostre terre passa ad illuminare i paesi che stanno sotto di noi), se la Spagna dunque fu allora tutto questo, essa lo deve in gran parte a quella singolarissima donna .... che non sognava ancora, quando Colombo parti in groppa a una mula dal convento di Santa Maria della Rabida, non sognava, dico, che un povero diavolo stava per offrirle in re- galo un mondo." Isabella la Cattolica, figlia di Giovanni II di Castiglia, pervenne al trono dopo una lunga e dolorora serie di contrariety, d' ogni maniera; ma ella riusci ad avere 1' affetto dei sudditi e a procurarlo a Ferdinando suo sposo teneramente amato. La erde del trono di Castiglia si uni sposa air erede del trono di Aragona nel 1469 e nel 1479 le due corone degnamente misero sotto un solo regime i regni di Ijcone, Cas- tiglia, Aragona, Catalogna, Valenza, Maiorca, Sicilia e Sardegna. La rese degna della gloria immortale la attiva parte presa alia cacciata dei mori dalla Spagna, la conquista di Granata, 1' aver intraveduto 1' operosa virtu del frances- cano Ximenes, che malgrado gli ostacoli che pareano insormontabili, riusci ad avere la nomina di gran cardinale e quella di uomo di governo, che molto contribui alle potenti riforme del Regno. Ma pid tutto, Isabella resta nelle auree pagine della storia, 1' im- mortale protettrice dell' immortale Colombo. (To be Continued.) "Just Sat Down for the Fun of it, Mister." It was during the heavy storms of snow and sleet, February last, that a young woman on the way from a railroad station to a friend's house, tripped and plunged head first into a formidable snowbank, says the New York Sun. A fellow traveler, witness- ing her mishap, hastened up and, man-like, felt foolish and awkward as he stood over the temporary grave of the fair damsel. "Pardon me, madam, but did you fall?" he asked lamely. "Oh, no," she answered, smiling sweetly. "I just went under that drift to look for four-leaved clovers." Life on the Ocean Wave. She — Why, surely you remember this book. We had such fun reading it together only yesterday. He (on his first ocean trip) — But one re- tains so little on these steamers. The chief art of learning is to attempt but little at a time. — Locke. VOLUIE II SATURDAY, JULY 12, 1902 NUIBER 2 MENACES TO OUR FORESTS TKousa.nds of Sull Pine Trees Killed Y>y tKe I^arge and Small Destru<5live BarK Beetles— M^orR of THese Inse ^ 4» 4» ^^r ^r - • * fl^ 1l»' • «» *^ ^ 4> ■ -4r Plate I.— Specimens of the Destructive Bark Beetles that are Ruining Colorado's Pine Forests, (Magnified two diameters.) 26 MENACES TO OUR FORESTS. forests of pine in the Rocky Mountains and elsewhere. Colorado has lost many thou- sands of her magnificent pine trees through the agency of these apparently insignificant insects, and unless some heroic efforts are made to check their ravages, the entire for- ests of Pinus Ponderosa, or bull pine, will be sacrificed. Omitting scientific technical terms, these are called the Large Destruc- tive Bark Beetle and the Small Destructive Bark Beetle. The Large and Small Destructive Bark Beetles First Found In Black Hills. I first found these two insects in the Black Hills of South Dakota in 1899, and described their habits and destructive ravages in the public press of Deadwood. The small Beetle was infesting the thick- ets about Lead City in trees three to five inches in diameter, but the large species I only found in the large mature trees, but there were such vast quantities of the in- sects in each tree attacked — often 100,000 or more in one tree — that it would be impos- sible to save any tree which became in- fested. I estimated that one-fourth of the pine in that region was dead or would be in a few months. Afterwards Spread to Colorado. These Beetles I afterwards found in Wy- oming, Nebraska, and next season in Colo- rado. So far as my observation goes, only one species of pine, P. Ponderosa, has been their food. The destruction is caused by the girdling of the trees as the insects de- vour the cambium or sweet inner bark. Plate 2 shows the burrows made by the lar- vae as they traverse up and down the trunk, cutting oft the flow of sap more and more until the tree dies. This soft pulpy tissue has a sweetish pleasant flavor, relished by man, as is shown by the scarred trunks of the pine throughout New Mexico and Colo- rado where the Indians removed one-half of the bark for the purpose of procuring this delicacy. Horses and other animals also are fond of it and gnaw the bark away to reach this tissue. Pioneers in Southern and "Western forests often made their clearing by girdling the trees, removing a ring of bark about the trees. During the season the trees would die, the branches gradually falling off, when the trunk could be burned, thus saving much labor in chopping. Work of Tliese Insects and Their Larvae. The Destructive Bark Beetle is so-called because it devours the living tissue of the bark, while other bark and wood boring beetles live in the dead and decaying tim- ber. The large species is one-quarter of an inch in length, the smaller being somewhat less. Both have a close resemblance, except in size. They are black when mature and are provided with wings for flight. Emerg- ing from the tree which no longer possesses live cambium or bark upon which they may feed, they fly to other trees in which the females deposit eggs in vast numbers. From the fa,ct that many dead Beetles were found in trees which have been dead for several years, I presume that the life of the Beetle terminates as soon as the eggs are deposit ed. These eggs are quite small, and soon the grubs, or larvae, begin life. In no par- ticular does this form of insect resemble the parent beetle, having no feet nor wings, and appearing as an elongated white ball. It is In this stage as a boring worm that the damage is done. Eating away at the tender tissue, boring up and down the trunk, wind- ing irregularly and growing rapidly, being in immense numbers, the tree is weakened in vitality as the supply of sap is gradually cut off. The leaves show the first signs by a slight tinge of yellow and late in the sea- son become yellow, then brown, and the tree is dead. It may take two years to accom- plish the entire destruction of the trees, de- pending upon the number of insects present I estimated that some '. ''cos in Colorado con- tained 200,000 Beetles j June, 1902; these trees had died during the present year. The larvae having become fully grown, in- cipient wings appear, and in shape they ap- proach that of the true Beetle. The next stage is when it is supplied with true wings, changing to a light brown color, and then black. Nature has provided various means to prevent too great an increase in any destruc- tive insect, among which are parasitic in- sects, which devour the eggs, others which live upon the larvae, but all these checks seem to be absent or are insuflScient in num- bers. The chief destroyers of these pests are the birds, but since the destruction of the pines is carried on beneath the thick bark, only bark-piercing birds, as the wood- pecker family, can reach them. Plate 3 shows the work of the woodpecker in pierc- 27 Plate n. — Destruction Wrought by Larvae of Beetles on Soft Inner Bark of Pine Tree. 28 THE RELATION OF BIRDS AND FORESTS. ing the thick bark to find the insects. It is not known to man by what delicate instinct a woodpecker can determine the presence of borers or Beetles hidden within a tree be- hind two inches thickness of bark. Perched upon the tree trunk, it strikes the tree with its bill, then turns its head and seems to listen. A slight noise made by the worm, or possibly some faint odor, reveals its pres- ence to the bird, when it pecks away until it reaches the tender morsel, thus ridding our trees of their insect foes if the birds are in adequate numbers. Upon the same Plate No. 3 are shown some small collections of gum mixed with dust borings of bark. The pres- ence of these spots of exuding gum indicates that beetles are present in the bark, and by removing a portion they will be found, although possibly thf» leaves may not yet show the elTects of weak- ened vitality by changing color. Neither the Spruce nor the Firs are at- tacked by this particular Beetle, and I have not found it on any variety of Pine except the Ponderosa, although if this species of pine should be exterminated, it is likely from the history of other insect pests, it would adapt itself to other varieties of the Pine family. The Remedy — How to Destroy the Beetles. Whenever a tree is found to contain Beetles it should be cut, the bark removed and burned with all the tops. The wood is suitable for ties or lumber unless it has been dead for a long time. To fell the trees without burning the bark and thus destroy- ing the insects would be useless, as they \/ould go to the other live trees and spread the devastation more rapidly. In the Black Hills region one-quarter of the pine was de- stroyed by the Beetles. While there is not so large a proportion in Colorado, yet the appearance of so many dead pines in almost every locality, caused by this enemy, de- mands heroic measures if the remainder of the forests is to be saved. In burning trees to destroy Beetles great care should be used in preventing a general conflagration which might destroy all the forest while the Beetle only kills one variety of timber. Encourage the Birds. The State, the United States Government and every corporation should unite in using every effort to protect all insect eating birds. Woodpeckers, Sap Suckers, etc., which are scarce in the Rocky Mountain re- gion, should be imported and given the full- est protection. Cherry trees of the hardier type. Huckle- berry, Russian Mulberry and similar fruit and berry-bearing trees should be planted to feed the birds, and some measures taken to supply them winter food and protection. It is more than probable that the carelessness of the State in the matter of Bird Protection is responsible for the enormous increase of these destructive beetles and many other noxious insects. If teachers will impress upon the children the value and importance of all birds, very much will be accomplished in the reduction of insect foes. — Written ex- pressly for Camp and Plant by Mr. John P. Brown, Secretary of the International So- ciety of Arboriculture. ^he Relation of Birds and Forests %^^ j^* t^* Paper Read Before the State Audubon Society at Indianapolist March 19, I90I, by John P. Brown, Secretary of the Indiana State Forestry Association, Connersville, Indiana follow the billows of the sea in search of N THE economy of nature the feath- ered branch of the animal kingdom and the major portion of the veget- able world are ever one and inseparable; one was created for the other; the life and well being of each depends upon the ability of its mate to protect it from insidious foes, tireless in their efforts to destroy first one and then the other. While We are aware that upon the arid plains a few birds exist and that some are born in the frozen.treeless, arctic wastes and food, apparently as free from attachment to forests as are the fish upon which they daily feed, yet upon general principles, and in general terms, forests are as necessary to the well being of birds, as are the birds in- dispensable for forest preservation. I propound a mathematical proposition which is capable of conclusive demonstra- tion. Given an old field, a worm fence and a bevy of birds: the invariable result will be a hedge row of trees and shrubs, bear- 29 ^ Plate in. — Showing the Work of Woodpeckers in Piercing the Thick Bark of the Pine Trees to Get at tlie Larvae of the Bark Beetles. 30 THE RELATION OF BIRDS AND FORESTS. ing fruits and nuts, edible to the winged tribes of the locality. The birds, creators of the forest, become also Its protectors, and as a sequence their existence is maintained by the fruit of their own labors. The Birth of a Forest. Nature and man have different methods of forest planting. Nature is deliberate, man always in haste. Nature begins with the seed, man demands a tree already grown to start with, the larger the tree the better. Nature designs variety, all sorts of trees mingled together, some of economic worth, many valueless for commercial uses. We view a forest: A hurricane sweeps through the wood, leveling the timber by a single blast: miles of territory are cleared of all forest growths. Time passes: The dead trunks feed the fire which completes this work of destruc- tion. Nature abhors a barren waste and in time begins the work of restoration. Birds fly across the treeless plain bearing food for themselves and their young, and deposit here and there such seeds as compose their food. Each stump serves as a perch for one after another of these songesters; each rock or crag makes favorite place about which numerous seeds are sown. Then squirrels come with their store of nuts for winter use, selecting choice spots for store houses which become well filled as these graceful creatures ply often from yonder nut trees to their hiding places. The wind blows briskly, and thickly fly the downy thistle, the cottony seeds of the willow and populus families; whirling with rapidity come the heavier winged seeds of liriodendron, ashes and maples, which, alighting here and there, bury their heads 'neath the soft mud of the water soaked soil; further on the lighter seeds of elm are wafted, strewing the ground as with snow. Seeds of herbaceous plants are scattered hither and thither as the winds and birds gather them up from the verdant spots, to be strewn where there are none. Gently the falling leaves from the adjoining forests, spread a light cover hiding the scattered seeds and affording protection from the elements. Soon the snowflakes fly thick and fast; a mantle covers the land. As the sur- face is melted by the sun and frozen when night comes on, the snow crust forms an ideal play ground for the wind, which shat- tering the seeds from cones of hemlock, pine and spruce, drives them fiercely over the snow until they are caught by some obstacle. Spring comes, with rains; the rushing waters overflow their banks, picking up the twigs with clinging seeds, bear them further down the stream, and spreading over the treeless wastes, deposit them to sink into the yielding soil. With the warm, life giv- ing sunshine of spring the seeds thrust downward their rootlets while upward reach- es a bud, when two tiny leaves appear as harbingers of spring. And thus a forest is born. Not in a day, nor in a year, for nature takes her own time and methods to accomplish her objects, yet in due time a natural forest covers the spot which accident or design had made bar- ren. Here are beech, ash and maple, there a clump of elms, a walnut and hickory al- ternating with blackberry briars and elder, hemlock with pine; trees of mammoth pro- portions and shrubs of low degree; ginseng, violet and twining grape strive for space to spread their roots and display their peculiar attractions. Yonder chestnut will afford abundant nuts for boys and squirrels; these hackberries, cherries, grapes and elderberries will feed the birds which planted them; that oak may become a gnarled monarch among whose branches birds will twitter their songs of love, build their nests in safety and feed upon its countless acorns, which, as if to acknowledge its dependence upon the birds and small animals, it supplies in such abun- dance. Certain birds plant nuts and acorns with systematic regularity, burying them 'neath the surface, one in a place, expecting ere long to find their foods, either from enclosed eggs, which will in time become fat, luscious worms or else from the meat of the acorns. In Arizona the Blue Jays gather the pine nuts and bury them singly at a depth of an inch or more, in the arid sands. Here they are preserved for months, or until the snow has fallen and melted, moistening the seeds. In this manner the pinon is planted. The wild cherry but for its tasty, juicy berries, as also the hackberry, would soon become extinct or at least confined in nar- row limits, but for the birds. These seeds have no wings to be borne by the winds; they do not readily float upon the stream: THE RELATION OF BIRDS AND FORESTS. 31 they would simply drop to the ground and spring up in thickets directly beneath the parent tree. But when devoured by birds they are distributed far and wide, the seed- lings taking root wherever a tree or rock or fence permits a bird to perch. Thus they are perpetuated and extended to various portions of the globe. The aromatic seeds of the juniper or cedar, will only germinate under conditions are borne to hiding places for food by birds and squirrels, while an ample share find their way to the ground, forming new for- ests. The Cross-bill with its peculiar mandibles, opens the cones of pine, extracting the seeds, of which it is fond, and distributes many in flight. Birds often practice the art of grafting. The mistletoe of Christmastide, living as View^ Near Redstone. of heat and moisture such as are found in the crop of fowls; the shell being too hard for the enclosed germ to open; hence would fall to the ground and perish for want of moisture but for the birds. The wild apple, pear and pulpy fruits are similarly transferred to distant points, thus ensuring the perpetual propagation of such trees. The beech with its savory nuts, as also chestnuts, chinquapin and other small nuts a parasite upon the branches of large trees, has clusters of small white berries which contain the seed. They are transferred from branch to branch by adhering to the bill; the bird pecks into the bark to remove the seed, which thus becomes engrafted into the tree. Are the birds disturbed in the wood? So also the forest is constantly harassed by enemies which menace its destruction. Age and decrepitude are common to trees 32 THE RELATION OF BIRDS AND FORESTS. as to animals; their existence terminates in decay. Were it not for nature's army of birds, aided by their allies the squirrels, many sorts of trees and plants would be- come extinct. Boring insects penetrate the bark and wood, existing upon the sap of growing trees, and unless held in check by hungry birds, multiply rapidly and eventually de- stroy the forest. Destructive Bark Beetles become so nu- merous as to completely girdle large num- bers of pine trees. They live upon the cam- bium which forms the connecting tissues of bark and wood; their burrows encircle the trees and prevent the sap from ascend- ing to support the foliage which withers and dies. Woodpeckers whose instinct excels the marvelous X rays, discover the beetle be- neath several inches of overlying bark and l)oring through thrusts in his long tongue, •drawing out beetles and larvae. In an official report, made to the commiss- ioner of the land office, of my visit to the Black Hill forests, I stated that in one tree eight inches in diameter, we counted and estimated 10,000 beetles and larvae. The bark came off in sections, having been en- tirely separated from the wood by the in- sects. There were no woodpeckers, and few other birds, while one third the entire forest was dead. Aphides suck the juices from leaves and tender stems; a horde of worms infest the buds, devouring the vital organs of trees, birds are always on the alert; hungry they awake at early dawn to breakfast upon these enemies of the forest Impelled by hunger they continue their labors all day gathering in the flies, mosquitoes, bugs and worms, thus keeping them in subjection. One battalion hovers around the conifers in search of beetles ; other scouts seek those enemies which curl the leaves and feed up- on the juices; a regiment is kept on special service as snake and vermin destroyers; a large brigade is on duty watching for mice in the open fields by night, returning to the forest during the day. In this way owls and hawks earn that living which human kind denies them, but shoot upon all occasions. In return the forest affords shelter for the birds: their nests are built among the branches, hidden by leafy canopies from the intrusion of numerous enemies and shel- tered from storms. It is natural for all animal kind to seek seclusion at times ; nesting places are sought safe from view ; only in the thick woods can perfect security be found. Here insects abound, berries, fruits, nuts and oily seeds are in profusion; happy is their lot. Small birds without forest have little chance for their lives, where animals of the cat tribe or birds of prey have every advantage. With the disappearance of the forests bird food is insufficient; they are driven to the fields and slaughtered. The balance in nature being destroyed, insects increase im- moderately, and are driven to feed upon orchard and domestic trees in our gardens. So additional burdens are placed upon the husbandman who unwittingly contributes to his own misfortunes. Fifty years ago the San Jose scale, cod- ling moth, wooly aphis, plum curculio and a host of pests now so common, were not known, or gave so little trouble as not to attract attention, while fruits of all kinds were abundant where there were trees. Surely no one can imagine that these pests were created during the past half century; not all of them were imported from coun- tries which had centuries ago cleared away the forests. No! they were intended to be kept in subjection to nature's laws, which invariably preserve a balance. Destruction of forests reduces the number of birds and quite naturally insects multi- ply as a result. Protect the birds; increase the forests, and insect pests will gradually cease their annoyance. MISCELLANEOUS. 33 Farewell Gifts. Ernest A. Hamill, president of the Com Exchange National Bank of Chicago, In- forms us that gifts in cash of between $70,- 000 and $80,000 were presented to the clerks in the Merchant's National Bank as farewell gifts on the occasion of the merger of that institution into the Corn Exchange National Bank. One employe in its employ for more than thirty-seven years, received a check for $12,000. A night watchman was made happy with $1,000. The lowest amount How to Name Your Boat. If you have a catboat, call It Carrie Na- tion. A sharpie, Hetty Green. A schooner, Seth Lowe. A flat boat, Alfred Austin. A bark, W. J. Bryan. A cutter, John D. Rockefeller. A liner, R. Kipling. Smack, Lillian Russell. Battleship, Ben Tillman. A scull, Kitchener. — Life. Group of Miners ($50) was given to a messenger boy who had been" with the institution only a few months. The gifts were made without any cere- mony whatever, and before the employes had opportunity to open the sealed envel- opes with the greeting, the officials of the Bank had left. — Social Service. How it Looked. Wife — I've gotten so that I do not care if you are not at home more. I have resources of my own. Husband — You don't mean to say that you have learned to quarrel with yourself? — Life. at Anthracite. Table Tennis. "Where are you going, my pretty maid?" "I'm going ping-ponging, sir," she said. "May I go with you, my pretty maid?" "Yes, if you like, kind sir," she said. She led him away to the ping-pong net; and then came an hour he'll never forget; for his shoulders ache from the many stoops to pick up the balls, and his eyelid droops where she smote him twice with her racket, small, which left her hand as she struck the ball; and he'll never ping where she pongs again, for she heard him swear when she pinged him then. — Baltimore American. 34 FIERRO— MINNEQUA WORKS. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY PDBIilSHBD BY THE SOCIOLOGICAL DEPAETMENT OF THE COLOBADO FUEL AND IRON COMPANY AND DEVOTED TO NEWS FEOM THE MINES AND MILLS LAWKENCE LEWIS Editoe Denveb Pdeblo offices : Boston Building, Room 720 Minnequa Hospital Subscription Price - $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either OflQce. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Satdeday, July 12, 1902 NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS. In order to insure the publication of * news items in the issue of the succeed- * ing Saturday, correspondents of Camp * and Plant should send matter so as to * reach the Pueblo office not later than * Monday evening. Important bits of * news may be printed in the issue of * the same week, even though they are * received later than Monday, but all * routine news should reach us promptly. * The Editor wishes to take this occa- * sion to thank all those who so faith- * fully have sent in weekly records of * the happenings in the several camps, * and to express the hope that they will * continue to assist us. * G j0^ NEIVS ITEMS u^ 3 FIERRO. Mrs. T. H. O'Brien and daughter Aileen, accompanied by Mrs. J. B. Gilchrist, started Saturday for Los Angeles. T. L. Scott, a clothing merchant of Lees- burg, Ohio, is spending a few days with Dr. Beeson. Mrs. J. C. Climo started for her future home in Idaho. A number of our citizens spent the Fourth in Silver City, the Elks having the day in charge. Dr. and Mrs. White, Mr. and Mrs. Rosen- ber of Silver City spent Sunday with Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Gilchrist. Thomas Aurelius v^^as married to Miss Clara Ireland, of Joliet, Illinois, June 30. The happy couple arrived last week in Pueblo, where they will reside. Mr. Aurelius is the popular clerk at the wire mill, and his many friends wish him happiness. Carl Davenport has returned to work after an absence of several weeks on account of an injured foot. Harry, the only son of Harry C. Leemeyer of the timekeeping department, met with a very serious accident on the Fourth of July. While attempting to fire a small cannon, the powder exploded prematurely. It was thought at first that the boy had lost the sight of both his eyes. After examination by sur- geons it was found that he will recover the use of his eyes, and that he will be only slightly powder-marked. G. L. Boucher, who had his nose broken last week, is back at his work again. Thomas Crocker, superintendent of the pipe foundry, left Sunday for a thirty-days' vacation. Mr. Crocker expects to go from Chicago to Buffalo by boat, and from there will visit Toronto, Canada, his old home. James Byrnes will be in full charge of the pipe foundry during Mr. Crocker's absence. Ed Mclntyre, F. H. Knapp and T. F. Jen- nings composed quite a jolly little party which spent several days at La Veta fishing. They report good luck and a fine time. Mr. and Mrs. Robert Blair spent several days at Buena Vista, and while there saw it snow on the Fourth of July. Andrew Reede of the foundry, met with a bad accident the other day. While riding on his wheel, some part of it broke, and threw him to the ground. Mr. Reede sua- MINNEQUA WORKS. 35 tained a few severe bruises, and will be laid off for a few days. L. K. Braden spent the Fourth at Beulah. Gary Nelson is recovering nicely from the effects of a broken jaw received several days ago while at work at the pipe foundry. The Minnequa band has engaged the Bes- semer City Hall for rehearsals, and will prac- tice every Monday and Friday throughout the summer. Charles Witty and B. Meyers of the rig- ging gang, who were severely cut in the affray on Northern Avenue last week, are getting along nicely. Mr. Witty, who is a foreman, has already returned to work and says Mr. Meyers will be all right in a few days. Frank Mclntyre and James Gunther re- turned from Chicago last Thursday. John Hackett has returned to work after a severe illness. James Curran and Harry Gambridge, to- gether with a party of friends, spent the Fourth on Pike's Peak. They started the night before and walked up, arriving on the summit in time to see the sun rise. They report it one of the finest sights they ever beheld. Both are employed as masons by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. W. H. Billington, who has been in the East making purchases for the Colorado Supply Company, returned home the last of the week. The steel viaduct at Canal Street, over the Denver and Rio Grande tracks, was opened to-day. A rack for bicycles will be erected at the entrance, as no "wheels" will be allowed in the plant. Places will also be provided for dinner buckets. E. L. McCarty is in charge of the gate. In order to dry out the brick work about the boilers and in the new stack, fires were lighted Wednesday under the boilers at the wire mill, although the engines have not yet been installed. An entirely unsolicited increase of ten cents a day in the wages of the yard men and laborers at the Minnequa Works was announced by the management this week. The increase, which effects almost 1,500 men, was made retroactive, dating from July 1. John Glover, weighmaster in the east yard, met with a painful accident on the Fourth at his home. In attempting to set off a bomb. it exploded. Mr, Glover's hand was so badly injured that he will be laid up for a few days. Several new clerks have been added dur- ing the past week to the Minnequa office force. P. H. BASEBALL. Chester M. Wells is now the official ticket seller for the C. F. & I. baseball club at all home games. Some photographs of the C. F. & I. nine and the Minnequa Hospital team will be re- produced in next week's issue of Camp and Plant. These pictures can be secured only in this weekly. A picture of the ball game July 4 will also be reproduced. C. F. & I., 15; Neefs, 2. The Neef Brewing Company team of Den- ver, one of the fastest amateur organizations in the state, met a disastrous defeat at the hands of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company boys last Sunday before a thou- sand Pueblo "fans." That the C. F. & I. is beyond doubt the fastest team in the state was demonstrated by the way they defeated the Neefs, com- posed as it is of such old league players as Taylor, Cain, Stevenson, McGilvery and oth- ers. The features of the game were the batting of the home team, the members of which made nineteen hits off the southern leaguer, Ewing, three of them being home runs. To the phenomenal pitching of Ken- nedy is largely due the C. F. & I. victory, the Neefs making but five scattered hits off his delivery. The running catch of a foul-fly by Spencer is worthy of mention, as is Hahn's home run, which was the pret- tiest hit ever made on the home grounds. Below is the tabulated score: C. F. & \. a b. r. lb. po. a. e. Spencer, third base 5 3 3 2 10 Hahn, left field 4 3 2 Robson, short stop 5 1 2 22 Derby, center field 5 2 3 Linf oot, first base 5 1 3 10 - 2 1 Kennedy, pitcher 4 3 2 2 6 Mullen, second base 4 2 14 1 Shaw, right field 5 3 1 Groves, catcher 4 1 10 41 15 19 27 15 3 Robson substituted to run bases for Mul- len on first base in seventh inning. 36 MINNEQUA WORKS— PRIMERO— SUNRISE. Neefs. ab. r. lb. po. a. e. Parker, short stop 4 3 1 Cain, third and pitcher 4 2 3 Stevenson, second base ... .4 5 2 1 McGllvery, first and third.. 4 8 11 Robinson, catcher 4 1 1 5 4 Taylor, center and left fleld.4 12 Atkinson, right field 3 Wheeler, cen., 1. f. & 1st b.. 3 2 1 Ewlng, pitcher and c. field.. 3 112 11 PRIMERO. 33 2 5 24 14 5 Score by Innings. 123456789 C. F. & 1 2 1113 2 5 ♦—15 Neefs 10 10 0—2 Summary: Stolen Bases — Hahn, Derby 2; Kennedy, Robson, 2; Shaw. Two Base Hits — Spencer, Robson. Three Base Hits — ^Lln- foot, Taylor. Home Runs — Spencer, Hahn, Derby. Double Plays — Mullen to Robson, to Linfoot. Bases on Balls — By Ewlng, 3. Struck Out — By Kennedy, 9; by Ewlng, 4. Wild Pitches — Kennedy, 1; Ewlng, 1. Left on Bases— C. F, & I., 8; Neefs, 6. Earned Runs — C. F. & I., 6. Umpire, Conway. Scorer — RIghter. Attendance — 1,200. , ,P, F. & I., 15; Cottrells, 3. On the Fourth of July the C. F. & I. gained their eighth successive victory by defeating the Cottrells of Denver by a score of 15 to 3. The game was decidedly one- sided and the champions had the visitors entirely outclassed. None but the best teams In the state are wanted to compete with the C. F. & I., and it was largely through false pretenses that the Cottrells secured a game with the home team. The score by Innings follows: 123456789 Cottrells 200100000—3 C. F. &I 10036320 •—15 The feature most prominent In the game was the heavy hitting by the home team, which made fifteen hits, while the visitors secured three from the "little wonder," Shaw. The Old Homesteads will be with us about the 19th, and the C. P. & I. players will have an opportunity of defeating the only nine, except the Kansas City league team, that has beaten them this year. The resignation of Dr. L. B. PlUsbury to take effect June 30, was accepted and a new appointment made in the person of Dr. Ogle from Philadelphia. Dr. PlUsbury will take a two months' outing In Wyoming and Ne- braska. Through the extreme kindness of Dr. PlUsbury the change of medical advisers in Prlmero and Segundo was made with lit- tle or no difficulty. The Sociological Department has succeed- ed In organizing a boys and girls' club at this camp. There are about twenty-five charter members. The boys and girls seem very much interested In the new form of so- cial life Introduced here. Their eagerness to do something definite to help along the organization Is manifest in their immediate- ly undertaking to give an ice cream social Saturday evening, July 12, In the school house. Roy Richards returned from Denver Sun- day. The Misses O'Neil spent Sunday at Stone- wall. School closed Friday, July 4, with a picnic. The Segundo school closing on the same day, the two schools united thus celebrating together both the close of the school year and the Fourth of July, On Wednesday, Mine No. 2 caved In, but there was no damage done to life. Professor H. J. Wilson of Pueblo, assis- tant superintendent of the Sociological De- partment, made a short stay Tuesday of last week. SUNRISE, WYOMING. July Fourth passed off very quietly with Sunrise people. A special train to Guernsey furnished transportation for a large number who went, the principal attraction being a ball game. In which Sunrise won by a score or 19 to 17. A few minor events, such as foot races, broad jumping and other field sports was indulged In. A dance In the even- ing closed the amusements of "the day we celebrate." A. C. Stevens, head clerk in the company office, left Monday, July 7, for his old home in Minnesota. E. P. Perry, our Colo- SUNRISE. 37 rado and Wyoming railway agent, will take the place made vacant. Assistant Superintendent R. B. Jerrard, July 2, received intelligence of his mother's death, which occurred at St. Cloud, Minne- sota. Charles Lanigan of the Colorado and Wyoming Railway at Sunrise, and Miss An- nette Winsick of Salma, Kansas, were mar- ried in Guernsey, Wyoming, July 1. Master Mechanic James Fitzgerald is visit- ing relations in Minnesota. paign of 1898, being mustered out in Febru- ary, 1899. Re-enlisting in August of the same year he served eighteen months in the Phil- ippine Islands. Nothing too good can be said of this happy couple, and our best wishes could only be that their future be as bright as their prospects appear to promise. H. C. L. It's the man that stays to the end, and keeps up the good fight without wavering that usually wins. View from One of the Mine Buildings of the Mountains Near Floresta. A daughter was born to the wife of Engi- neer Rowan July 5. R. G. Crouch and Miss Amanda Smith were married at Guernsey, Wyoming, July 2. Rev. Smith, the resident Methodist minister, officiated. The bride is an Iowa girl, but spent the past year with her sister, Mrs. O. L. Vincent, near Sunrise. Mr. Crouch, whose home is in Missouri, has been on the dia- mond drill force of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company here for the past year. Dur- ing this time he has risen from helper to runner of drill No. 3. Mr. Crouch served in the volunteer army during the Spanish cam- Still Cheap. He — I don't see how we can get married, dear, if the price of meat continues to ad- vance. She — But pearls and diamonds are the same. — Life. He Said Simply "Methuen was Captured," not "I Regret to Say," etc. "I was in the South African war," said one Englishman. "General?" asked the other. "No, journalist." "Oh, I see. You were a reporter, not a regretter." — Washington Star. 38 EMERGENCY TREATMENT. J** Hospital Bureau of Information ^4 £ME:R.G£NCY treatment II. When we see a bone lying in the street we perhaps think of it in a vague way as having been once a part of a living animal. We do not often regard it as having had its own little nerves and blood vessels, of hav- ing been worn away by the wear and tear of living machinery only to be repaired again by those most marvelous processes which form part of every animal's life. Such changes occur throughout our own lives, but we are never conscious that they are going on ever silently and painlessly within ourselves. The Animal and Mineral Parts of Bones. If we take a fresh bone and boil it, soup is produced; that is, the soft or "animal" por- tion is extracted and the mineral portion or "bone earth''' subsequently decorates the ash heap. In Childhood Animal Constituent in Excess; In Old Age Mineral Part Predominates. During childhood this animal portion is in excess, but as we grow older the mineral becomes greater and greater in amount. As the animal part gives the elastic quality to bone, readily can we see why a child tumbles about almost at will and, considering the number of hard knocks he receives, seldom breaks his bones. On the other hand, an old person is much more prone to fractures as his bones become more brittle with the dis- appearance of the animal principle. If, how- ever, a child walks too early we have an il- lustration in his bow legs of what a too small quantity of the mineral ingredients is likely to produce. The Skeleton. As we turn to these old bones which form our skeleton we are confronted with two hundred of them. That is a large number, but the more they are studied the greater must we wonder that we get along with so few of them. Every one of these serves its purpose almost perfectly. Some are flat to protect delicate organs, while others are rough and irregular to give attachment to numerous muscles. A handful of little bones are in some places arranged in groups. where, as in the ankle or wrist, we desire motion in many directions, combined with great strength. Some are curved and twist- ed so that they may withstand the strain put upon them and thus allow us to do our best with the least effort. Our skeleton usually is described as con- sisting of the spine or central column; two upper and two lower extremities, and three bony cavities — the cranium, or skull; the thorax or chest, and the pelvis. The Skull. Upon being introduced to a man we usual- ly examine his head first and this we shall do now that we are presented to his skele- ton. Here we realize that some of the most important structures are situated and how beautifully nature has learned this lesson. The brain is enclosed in a compact shield of bones so dovetailed into one another that they will usually break rather than separate. Again nature protects us by putting the most important brain structures, not near the top of the head, but far down towards the neck. But the head cannot be entirely separated from the remainder of the body so holes have been left through protected portions of the skull to allow telegraphic communica- tion with the remainder of the body through the nerves and to be fed through the blood vessels. Thus weak spots must exist. The most important of these, from the frequency of injury, are the places where the nerves pass to the eye and where the spinal cord passes from the base of the brain. The lat- ter is very important as its injury in a broken neck is the cause of death. Another weak spot is the temple, where the skull is so thin that light may be seen through it. The nerves of the nose and ears must also pass through holes or foramina, and thus articles thrust into these organs may produce injuries to the brain. There is nothing dryer than bones to study, but their names should be learned so one may readily understand descriptions and locations which are to follow in these ar- ticles, j i, THE SKELETON. 39 Front View of Skeleton. 1 Frontal. 2 Temporal. 3 Malar. 4 Maxillary superior. 5 Maxillary inferior. 6 Cervical vertebrae. 7 Sternum. 8 Lumbar vertebrae. 9 Sacrum. 10 Coc- cyx. 11 Clavicle. 12 Humerus. 13 Ribs. 14 Scapula. 15 Radius. 16 Ulna. 17 Ossa. 18 Femur. 19 Tibia. 20 Fibula. Back View of Skeleton. 1 Parietal. 2 Occipital. 3 Cervical veitebrae. 4 Dorsal vertebrae. 5 Lumbar vertebrae. 6 Sacrum. 7 Coccyx. 8 Scapula. 9 Humerus. 10 Radius. 11 Ulna. 12 Ossa Innominata. 13 Femur. 14 Tibia. 15 Fibula. 40 EMERGENCY TREATMENT. Head Bones. Beginning at the head, we find the skull is composed of eight irregular curved flat bones, joined together at their edges by a sort of dovetail process. By referring to the illustrations one may locate the follow- ing: occipital, two parietal, frontal, two tem- poral, sphenoid, ethmoid. The face is com- posed of fourteen bones, viz.: Two nasal, two superior maxillary, two lachrymal, two malar, two palate, two inferior turbinated, vomer, inferior maxillary. will admit of such a variety of positions without injury. It takes one long to con- ceive of nature's wonderful mechanism. If the first bone of the neck be examined it will be found a sort of a flat disc or washer: It is named atlas. Recall your Greek mythology and you will remember a member of the older family of God who bore up the pillars of heaven was called Atlas, and later was condemned to carry the world on his shoul- ders. So this bone supporting the globe of the body — or head — is named Atlas. The second bone of the neck or axis, is so named from a pivot or a bony process which The Way it Snows in the Hills I — Some of the Old Houses in Coalbasin. Trunk Bones. The trunk, is made up of the spinal col- umn, ribs, sternum or breast bone, and pel- vis. They form an irregular open bony cav- ity which contains the chest or thoracic and abdominal organs. Spinal Bones. The Spinal Column, or backbone, consists of many pieces united in a very ingenious manner. Move your head and notice how easily it can be turned in every direction, then try to Imagine the shape of bones which projects through the atlas and holds the skull in place and plays an important part in dislocated and broken necks when one is hanged. Then follow thirty-one more pieces to the spine, the spinal column being composed of 33 vertebrae, viz.: 7 Cervical or neck. 12 Dorsal or back. 5 Lumbar or lower back or loins. 5 Sacral or sacred. 4 Coccygeal or cuckoo's bill. HINTS ON HYGIENE. 4J MIKTS ON hygiene: II. The object of these articles on hygiene is to show how health may be preserved and the liability to disease lessened. It will be seen as we go along that the two most im- portant factors in accomplishing this are: Removal of causes of disease. Increase of the resisting power of the body. Cleanliness, First Principle of Hygiene. The first principle of hygiene and that about which all others are grouped, is clean- liness. Dirt and filth have ever been the lurking places of disease, the breeding sta- and accordingly we should be very careful to keep the pores open by frequent bathing. Danger From Clogged-Up Pores. When one allows the openings of the se- baceous glands to become obstructed "black- heads" are formed. These are not caused by any germs, or worms either, as some people believe, but they are due to the fact that the oil in the ducts or openings of the glands becomes hard and waxy and is col- ored black with the outside dirt. When a watch key is pressed firmly over one a per- fect mold of the duct in hardened wax is pushed out. If these are allowed to re- The Way it Snows in the Hills 11- Some of the New Houses at Coalbasin Built by the C. F. & I. G>. tions of germs. It is of the utmost impor- tance that our bodies be kept clean. Throughout the skin there are millions of little openings which represent sweat glands and sebaceous or oil glands. It would be very harmful and even dangerous to life for many of these to become clogged up, for the body "breathes" to quite an extent through the skin. We all understand that we should keep our bowels active so as to get rid of the poisonous waste products of the body; but it is also true that not a little of these waste products is excreted through the skin. main long, they often form pimples or acne spots. The sweat glands are not so easily stopped up from outside dirt as the perspiration will mechanically remove much of it from the vicinity, but they often fail to act prop- erly from lack of the stimulation of baths and exercise. Care of Teeth and Finger Nails. Our finger nails and teeth should be at- tended to not only for the "looks of the thing," but really for our own safety. Germs of all kinds and descriptions (occasionally 42 HINTS ON HYGIENE— DOMESTIC SCIENCE. even the germs of lockjaw) are found be- neath our finger nails. They are just as plentiful in and about the teeth, and unless removed, rapidly cause decay. Probably you have all heard this before and many of you still neglect the tooth brush, but if you could see under the microscope the thousands of wriggling germs often contained in a piece of "tartar" one-half as large as the head of a pin, I am sure you would be more care- ful to thoroughly cleanse your teeth. Most of these are injurious not only to the teeth and gums, but some are capable of causing severe illness, if for any reason the resis- tance of the person is suflaciently lowered so as to allow them to gain a foothold in the tissues. ing effects — to wake you up — take a cold one. Also, after a warm bath, it is a good plan to end with a shower of cold water di- rected over the body. It greatly lessens the liability of "catching cold." When one in- tends going outdoors after the bath, the cold spray should never be omitted. H. S. O. DOMESTIC .SCIENCE. II. To the mind of every housewife the ques- tion of Domestic Science and Economics comes sometime, and, while it includes a variety of subjects, we find most of our mod- ern housewives looking into the question of foods and food preparations, as a solution of most of their trouble. There is no doubt that much time and expense can be saved Boiler House, Baths. Now just a word about baths. A bath for cleansing should always be warm. Warm water loosens and removes the oily material from the body and opens up the pores, read- ily bringing away foreign material which would be entirely unaffected by cold water. Warm water starts the perspiration and thus not only clears the opening of the glands, but also causes the excretion of much body waste. However, one should be very careful not to remain too long in a warm bath as it is not only depressing, but weakening. If you are taking a bath for its invigorat- Madf id, N. M. by using and buying to the advantage of ourselves and not to suit the taste of each member of the family. Our English sisters are unlike us in their methods of buying food stuffs. They have in every household what they term a store room or reserve pantry. They market once every week, and buy what we Americans would probably not think of utilizing — for instance, they will purchase a piece of neck for their soup, will boil it and serve it cold for their lunch, after the juice has been wholly ex- tracted for soup — paying, perhaps, the equiv- alent of twenty-five cents in our money. In fact, they will serve two meals from four SOCIAL SCIENCE. 43 pounds of the cheapest meat that can be purchased. While most housekeepers would not care to use or offer a guest a piece of meat that was not of the finest quality and cut, our friends across the water disguise it with other dainties to such an extent we hardly know we are eating the cheapest and perhaps one of the most nutritious soups made. Domestic science does not only teach us the art of living, but it helps the house- holder to be cheerful and moderately happy. sociAi^ science: ii. Why Have a Home? "We may live without poetry, music and art; We may live without conscience and live without heart; We may live without friends, we may live without books; But civilized man cannot live without cooks." These lines from "Lucile" which so often we hear rather jokingly quoted, after all con- tain the suggestion of a really important truth. If we were to change the word "cooks" to "home," the lines would very nearly express our thought. For with the beginning of homes and family ties civiliza- tion itself had its birth, and from that time to this civilization has had its ups and downs according as the home has been a prominent factor of it or a neglected fac- tor. The history of the great nations of the world is a constant reminder of this truth. So long as the rites of marriage, the home, and family relationships have been kept pure and sacred these nations have continued to progress, but with the neglect of these, men- tal, moral, social, political, national ruin in- evitably has resulted. Applying these facts to the individual it naturally follows that the old saying, "It is not good for man to be alone," has more of wisdom in it than we usually ascribe to it It seems to be a part of the law of the uni- verse that man, in order to reach his highest development and best self, should be at- tached to, and form part of, a home. To ask why man needs the environment of home and family to realize his highest self is only to ask why Is man constituted as he is — a question which only his Creator can answer. One might with as much propriety raise the question, "Why does the willow grow best in moist soil?" The answer must be much the same; because its nature de- mands this condition, because It Is consti- tuted just as it is. Nevertheless one may perhaps suggest a few secondary reasons for having a home. Until a man has a home and family of his own his thought tends naturally to center upon himself. This Is certainly a bad ten- dency. The result is sometimes thorough selfishness and this quality makes one an uncongenial neighbor, an indifferent em- ploye, an unscrupulous employer and a spir- itless citizen. Of course we must not for- get the many exceptions to this general ten- dency. The possession of a home not only brings around one a charming little circle of be- ings on whom one's natural affections may center, but it encourages thrift and pros- perity. Many a spendthrift has been changed into a careful business man by feeling upon his shoulders the responsibility of caring for wife and little ones. Add to these the restraining and refining influences of the home, the pride in family name and offspring, the improved facilities for living according to one's own tastes and fancies, the better opportunities for caring for one's physical conditions and needs, and you will see the truth in Owen Meredith's verses. H. J. W. He Traveled on his Face. "You seem to be much interested In me, my little girl. What is it?" "I don't see how your face can be so smooth and clean. Papa says you have trav- eled all over the country on it" — ^Boston Transcript. All One to Him. Daughter — What shall I sing for you, papa? Father — Anything, my girl. Since you had your voice cultivated I can never make out a single word. — Judge. Secrets of the Toilet. Little gobs of powder. Little specks of paint Makes the little Freckle Look as if It ain't — Sphinx. 44 HOSPITAL BULLETIN. Albo, Frank, of El Moro, who was admit- ted to the hospital May 9 on account of a broken arm, went home recovered July 7. Alexander, Robert, of Walsenburg, who was sent to the hospital May 16 because of an abscess on the stump of an amputated leg, and who was again operated upon on June 10, is improving. Anderson, S. P., of Sopris, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 12 on account of an injured hand, caused by a premature explosion of dynamite, is nearly well. Arthur, David, of Brookside, who was ad- mitted to the hospital May 21 on account of appendicitis, was operated upon June 10 and is improving rapidly, and probably will go home next week. Borga, Charles, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25 on account of a contused head, went home July 7. Brothers, Felix, of Tercio, was admitted to the hospital July 6 with a lacerated arm. Brunstadt, Albert, of Sopris, who was sent to the hospital June 27 because of a badly sprained ankle, is nearly well. Chappetti, Pete, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 with a hepatic abscess, (abscess of the liver), was operated upon July 5 and so far has been doing well. Coski, Frank, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 suffering from gall stones, is doing well. Coffee, Chris, of Laramie, who was sent to the hospital June 25 because of lumbago, is nearly well. Conti, Dana, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with two broken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg. He is doing nicely and will be about soon. De Paoli, Ludovic, of Berwind, who was admitted to the hospital May 31 with a crushed foot, and who had his great toe amputated, went home July 5. De Paoli, S., bf Berwind, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 20 with necrosis of the femur, went home July 5. De Philip, Tony, of Tercio, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 6, had the entire right side of his face blown oft in a prema- ture explosion. He is now in a most pre- carious condition and his chance for re- covery is slight. Franzino, C, of Engleville, who was ad- mitted to the hospital May 18, Is doing nicely and is about the yard. Gratt, Josie., of Primero, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 8 on account of a fractured leg is now walking about. Hall, J. E., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 9, on account of pleurisy is almost well. Hall went to Colo- rado Springs on a visit July 5. Hegedus, Joseph, of Primrose,who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is now about the yard. Keller, C. H., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted to the hospital May 29, suffering from dyspepsia, is now up, and will go home soon. Lenseni, Otelio, of Rouse, who was admit- ted to the hospital April 25 on account of a fractured leg, went home recovered July 3. McGuire, T. L., of Redstone, who had his left leg crushed at Coalbasin May 29, and who was admitted to the hospital the next day, had his leg amputated below the knee. He is now walking about. He will leave soon for Sedam, Kansas, on a visit. Marco, Lindon, of Rockvale, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 26 on account of necrosis of the tibia, went home July 7. Marcondani, Tony, of Primero, who was admitted to the hospital June 19, with a broken leg, went home July 2. Michelich, George, of Coalbasin, who was admitted to the hospital May 3, on account of a fractured leg, is walking around. Moschetti, John, of Brookside, was sent to the hospital July 5 suffering from typhoid fever. Mosklta, Mike, of Coal Creek, was admit- ted to the hospital June 30, with a hypopyn ulcer, and is doing fairly well. Osterman, Andy, of the Laramie rolling mills, who was admitted to the hospital June 15, on account of lacerations over his eye, is improving. Pagnolta, Fork, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25, on account of a contused head, is Improving. Perrin, W. G., of Tercio, who was admit- HOSPITAL BULLETIN— CRISTOFORO COLOMBO. 45 ted to the hospital June 21 on account of lumbago, has gone home. Polhill, B. F., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 18, suffering from typhoid fever, is doing as well as could be expected. Raposki, John, of Pictou, who was sent to the hospital June 20 suffering from contu- sions and laceretions about the head, is doing well. Ruybalid, Lewis, of Orient, was admitted to the hospital April 12 with a compound fracture of his left thigh. It was feared at first that his leg might have to be ampu- tated, but it has been saved. Ruybalid is now improving slowly. San Martina, Savlna, of Sopris, who was sent to the hospital June 27 on account of a contused head, is doing well. Selmenia, Philip, of Tabasco, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 20 on account of a broken leg, is walking about. He will go home soon. Serri, G., of Rouse, who was admitted to the hospital March 5 with a broken leg, and who developed an abscess of the back, now is walking about. Silba, Guisippi, of Berwind, who was ad- mitted to the hospital May 4, on account of a lacerated foot, was discharged July 7. Vito, Cresto, of Sunrise, who was admitted to the hospital May 4, on account of a broken leg, is now doing well. Wallace, William, of Segundo, who was admitted to the hospital July 5, on account of bruises about the body, caused by fall- ing down a shaft, is resting easy. Wilson, C. P., of the Colorado Supply Com- pany at Crested Butte, who came to the hos- pital June 10 on account of rheumatism, has gone home. Wyatt, George, of Walsenburg, who was admitted to the hospital June 5, on account of an injury to his eye, received from a flying bit of coal, has gone home. C RISTOFORO COLOMB O Narrazione Storica compilata sulle opere di suo figlio Fernando; di Antonio Gallo, suo contemporaneo e sugll scritti degli storici e critici posteriori: se- gulta da un inno popolare Colomblano musicato dal M. Giovanni Basso. IX. COLOMBO A CORDOVA. Neir arrivare il nostro viaggiotore nella citta di Cordova, dopo avere passata la notte precedente In una povera osteria del sob- borgo, per lesinare qualche cosa sulla pic- cola somma regalatagli dell' amico padre guardiano: un sentimento di grande stupore lo assalse. Le costruzioni moresche, davano al paese un singolare aspetto di pompa e di ricchezza, e non gik una citta della Spagna pareva quel- la provvisoria residenza della Corte, ma un grande e tumultuoso accampamento, che si Bvegliasse allora del sonno, e si apparec- chiasse alia battaglia. Sbucavano da ogni parte soldati, e tutti mostravano d' essere in grandi faccende. Squillavano le trombe a raccolta, grida fes- tose uscivano dalle case transformate la massima parte in alloggiamenti militari, e uno scalpitar di cavalU dapertutto, e un lucicchio di armi, e un radunarsi di gruppi, e uno sbandarsi frettoloso, e uflaciali al gal- oppo che attraversavano piazze e strade, e i servizi di Conte, e lettighe sontuose,e mule riccamente bardate, e una varieta pittoresca di colori che davano a Colombo 11 capogiro addirittura. Ma egli subito si rese conto di tutto quel movimento inaspettato dalla sua fantasia. n grosso del esercito spagnuolo era ap- punto radunato 11 in Cordova, per poi mu- over contro 1' ultima cittadella di Granata in cui i Mori si asserragliavano : e per dare un maggiore impulso alia guerra, era appun- to arrivata in Cordova da Valladolid la gran- de e amata Regina, cagione di festa per la popolazione e per tutto 1' esercito. Cosi succedeva che il fiore della nobiliti castigliana, inflammato di cavalleresco ar- dore, era corso alle armi per ingrossare le file gloriose dei combattenti; e aspettando i giorni della battaglia, 1' allegra gloventd si dava intanto bel tempo, e interrompeva gli ozi della guarnigione con divertimenti e giuochi d' ogni maniera. Cordova, di soil- to cosi tranquilla, non si riconosceva plil: era tutta quanta un frastuono di giomo e di notte; era dappertutto un rumore d' armi 46 CRISTOFORO COLOMBO. e d' armati: un incessante festoso brulichio; erano liete musiche e serenate. Le osterie all' aria aperta sorgevano a centinaia sotto i pergolatl delle strade: ven- ditor! ambulanti giravano di qua e di Ik, tentando imbrogliare i soldati: un giocoliere bizzarramente vestito, sonando alia disper- ata una tromba chiamava la folia attorno a s& sotto un gruppo d' alberi; e ogni tanto un gaio scompiglio nasceva per una rumoro- sa cavalcata che si avviava fuor delle mura,e un grande applauso echeggiava perchfi lag- gitl in fondo, nella polvere e nel sole, era stato visto 11 balenio delle armi lucenti e i vivi colorl del seguito reale: riaccompag- navano a palazzo la Regina dopo la sua is- pezione al campo. E Cristoforo Colombo potS alia meglio raccapezzarsi in quella baraonda rumorosa. Cerco di sapere dove alloggiasse il padre Talavera gerosolimitano, che era appunto 11 confessore della Regina, 1' amico del Perez. Subito egli vi si reed, e quantunque il frate fosse a quel giorni in gran li faccen- de, perchd, infarinato anche lui di politica, aveva parte nei cosi detti Consigli della Corona, ricevette in suUe prime con molta cordiality Colombo, che la lettera del Perez vivamente gli raccomandava. II padre Talavera aveva un quartierino nel palazzo reale. Un p6 in Ik con gli anni, b' era acquistato ccedito presso Isabella la Cattolica con 1' austerity, della vita, che gli faceva perdonare il difetto, capitale in lui, deir intolleranza. Ambizioso sincere, non per s§ ma per la Spagna, esercitava sull' anima della regal donna una grande influen- za, perch6 egli ne favoriva gli spiriti belli- sosi, e la incoraggiava a perseverare in quel- la guerra contro i Mori, che avrebbe dovuto flnlre col trlonfo della Croce suU' aborrita Mezzaluna. Non mancava di suflaciente coltura, anzi era capacissimo di starsene a tu per tu con i dottori della Chiesa in una disputa teolog- ica; ma di geografia e di cosmografia ne sapeva davvero pochino, e accettava, senza discuterle, le opinion! che gli venivano bell' e fatte dal suoi superior! e dalla Corte di Roma. Allor che Colombo, fattosi annunziare, eb- be consegnata la lettera del padre Giovanni Perez, che gli raccomandava caldamente la causa deir ardito navigatore, c! fu un lungo silenzio che 1' accorto italiano probabll- mente impiego ad esaminare 11 suo protet- tore. Era un frate piccolo e grosso, rubicondo nel viso, come uomo che fra le miserie della vita ha cura di mantenere inalterate le ore canoniche del pasti; e se la f route piatta e le tempie rigonfie accennavano a non troppo soverchia quantity, d' ingegno, le sopraccl- glia riunite e il labbro inferiore spbrgente accusavano 1' ostinazione e 1' abitudine del comando. Contrastava con la sua, le grande e magra figura di Colombo, la pallidezza del viso fatto scarno dalle miserie d' una vita errabonda: se non che i vivid! occhi lucenti riflettevano la fiamma di quel fuoco inter- lore che gli dava energia e forza. Quand' ebbe rlletta due volte la lettera, 11 monaco squadro da capo a pied! 1' umite visitatore, e aggrottate le sopracciglia coal prese a dire. — Tu dunque, se devo credere a quel che mi scrive 1' amico Perez, ha! da proporre al- ia nostra graziosa Regina una pericolosa spedizione in mar! lontani: tu vuo! tentare di raggiungere le terre dell' India, navigando dalle parte di occidente. Spiegam! bene il tuo pensiero. Cristoforo Colombo comprese subito che r eminentissimo confessore di Sua Altezza non doveva essere precisamente un' aquila, e si prestd di buon grado a dare tutte le spie- gazioni richieste. Dicendo della sua impresa, come 1' aveva chiara e limpidissima nella mente, Colombo s' infervorava, e di mano in mano che pro- cedeva innanzi, segnava sopra una gran car- ta, che aveva spiegata suUa tavola del frate, i punt! per i quail avrebbe dovuto passare con le sue navi. Ma una brusca esclama- zione del Talavera lo interruppe a un tratto, e fu quando Colombo, in appoggio delle sue parole, cercS di spiegare la dottrina della sfericita della terra. Ecco lo scoglio contro il quale il Perez non aveva pensato di pre- raunire 1' amico suo: e fu appunto quelle che fece naufragare tutta la dotta dimostra- zione di Colombo. Levandosi in pied! rosso e conturbato, il Talavera impose silenzio all' eloquente par- latore, e gli disse chiaro 6 tondo che non facesse assegnamento sopra di lui: quell' idea d' una navigazlone attraverso marl che nessuno aveva provato che esistessero, era un' eresla bell' e buona, contraddiceva alio CRISTOFORO COLOMBO. 47 Sacre Scritture, e non poteva essere che una suggestione del demonlo. — Nessuno, replied vivamente 11 Colombo, meravigliato e sdegnato dell' inaspettata op- posizione, nessuno pud vantarsi d' essere pii devote di me alia religione di Gesft Cris- to; ma dico e sostengo che le Sacre Scritture non sono in opposizione alia mia idea. Sono pronto a darne la prova in faccia a tutti: lo proverb al Re e alia Regina, se si degner- anno di accogliere la mia domanda. — I nostri augusti Sovrani, riprese il frate, sono ora ipegnati in una guerra santa, e non saro io quello che li distoglierd, per occupar- si d' un disegno assurdo e sacrilego. Livido di collera, ma pur riuscendo con gran fatica a contenersi, Colombo si dispo- neva a ribattere le argomentazioni del Tala- vera, ma questi dicendo d' essere aspettato dai suoi augusti padroni, fece cenno con gesti affrettati a Colombo che 1' udienza era finita, e gli indic6 la porta perchS uscisse. Colombo cosi vedeva cadere di un sol col- po tutte le sue speranze! Senza protettori e senza amici, straniero in un paese che n6n aveva n6 voglia n§ tem- po dl badare a lui, con pochi mezzi per vi- vere, e anche que' pochi fornitigli dalla cari- ta. d' un povero convento di frati. Egli si vide perduto. Ridottosi al meschino albergo dove era smontato la sera prima, pianse lungamente, accuso d' ingiustizia gli uomini, disse che il mondo non meritava che un raggio dell' etema verity gli scendesse ogni tanto dal cielo. Ma poi riconfortato dalla preghiera richiamata in aiuto la Provvidenza, stette gran parte della notte curvo sulle carte dis- egnate da lui, e sempre meglio si persuase che la sua impresa avrebbe dovuto sortire gli effetti che ne aspettava. E cosi digiuno com' era fino dalla mattina, si addormentd profondamente, stanco della fatica fisica e morale, e sogno forse, le vaste solitudini dell' Oceano che si popolavano a un tratto di verdeggianti isole cariche di piante sconosciute, e vide a suoi piedi ro- tolare le masse dell' oro che gli avrebbero servito a persuadere chi dubitava. Una tempra meno salda della sua si sarebbe di certo spezzata a tanta pertinacia di ostilit^ e di dubbi: ma Cristoforo Colombo aveva r anima adamantina, e dopo i primi sgomen- ti, egli acquistava maggior forza nelle dif- flcolta, che gli sorgevano centre. X. LA REGINA E I DOTTI DI SALAMANCA. Ci vorrebbe un volume, a raccontare sol- tanto le vicende di quegli anni di prepara- zione alia grande impresa: gli scoraggia- menti e le speranze che rinascevano alter- nandosl, 1' andare e il venire di Colombo nelle varie citta dove si recava la Corte, la necesfeita di provvedere, col lavoro umile di copiatore di manoscritti, al poco che gli occorreva per vivere, e il memorabile col- loquio che finalmente riuscl ad ottenere dai Sovrani di Spagna, in grazia di nuovl e pi^ illuminati protettori. Egli si presents dunque un giorno, e potS da vicino vedere 1' augusto vise di quella Isabella, che riempiva allora del suo nome e della sua fama 1' Europa. Dlscorrendo deir ardito disegno ai due stupiti sovrani di Spagna, egli chiamd s§ stesso "ambascla- tore deir Altissimo, da Lui scelto per sua infinita bontS, al annunziare 1' impresa delle Indie ai Principi che erano i piu potenti del- la Cristianitd., e che incessantemente si adoperavano perch§ la fede si propagasse." Ed entr6 poi difllato in materia: espose le ragloni fisiche che dimostravano il sicuro esito la navigazlone da lui ideata: enumerd gl' indizi che gia se ne avevano, cit6 1' au- torita di scrittori che ritenevano certa 1' esistenza degli antipodi; e con grande ab- bondanza d' immagini pittoresche, che gU erano suggerite dall' animo commosso e dair accesa fantasia, descrisse le terre che si riprometteva di trovare, le descrisse come un ispirate che le avesse gi§. vedute: fece balenare alia mente dei Sovrani le immense ricchezze di quel paesi non visi- tati ancora da alcuno, donde tanta gloria e tanta potenza sarebbero derivate alia Corona di Spagna. Rimoveva da se ogni personale ambizione, ma il cuoro eccelso dei due Sovrani considerasse quante anime si acquisterebbero alia vera fede religlosa, anime che le tenebre dell' ignoranza oscur- avano. Certamente era santa 1' impresa di quella guerra destinata a cacciar dalla Spag- na i Mori detestabili dalla Mezza luna: ma essi erano qualche centinaio di migliaia, e di la dal mare invece, in quelle terre mis- teriose che, coll' aiuto di Die, egli avrebbe scoperto, stavano a centinaia di milioni le anime che dovevano ricevere la parola della verita. Che si aspettava dunque per equipaggiare le navi? Dessero a lui il com- 48 CRISTOFORO COLOMBO. ando, facessero lui rappresentante dell' au- torita sovrana, e metteva pegno per la fe- lice riuscita dell' impresa. La Regina si levo, tutta sconvolta, quando Colombo ebbe finito di parlare, e corsagli incontro gli strinse con grande affetto le mani, disse poter promettere fino d' allora che sarebbero concesse le navl ben pre- parate ed equipaggiate: occorreva per altro aspettare che quella benedetta guerra con- tro i Mori avesse termine, percli§ 1' erario era esausto, e non poteva la Spagna impeg- narsi per un' impresa esterna, quando c' era bisogno di dentro che tutti si adoper- assero al trionfo della causa santa. Ma in quel frattempo i grand! dignitari della sciensa studierebbero il disegno di Colombo, e ne riferirebbero al Re e alia Regina. Stesse egli di buon animo, ch& la potezione d' Isa- bella non gli verrebbe mai meno. Cosi al pover' uomo gliene toccava una calda e una fredda. Era lieto, anzi entu- siasta addirittura per la bella accoglienza ricevuta, e con astuzia e penetrazione ital- lana comprese subito la grandezza d' animo 6 d' ingegno dell' augusta Sovrana. Ma quella faccenda del doversi inchinare al pagare e al beneplacito dei dotti, metteva una pulce nell' orecchio a Colombo, che gik conosceva i suoi polli, e aveva capito 1' antitfona dal modo come era stato accolto qualche tempo innanzi dal padre Talavera. Colomonon s' ingannava. L' Universita di Salamanca non soltanto respinse il disegno dello straniero (cosi lo chiamavano), ma vi furono in quella cele- bre riunione persone che misero la cosa in canzonatura. La regina Isabella, che aveva quattro dita di cervello pid di tutti quel parrucconi presi insieme, se ne irrito fortemente; ma non voile, per il momento, mostrarsi avversa alia presa deliberazione di non fame nulla. Vedeva spesso Colombo, e con lui s' intrat- teneva intorno al meraviglioso viaggio; ma non erano per ora che parole, e promesse in aria. La guerra ai Mori, spinta con pitl ardore che mai, accennava a voler terminare prestissimo; ma intanto il pensiere di tutti a quella era rivolto; e Cristoforo Colombo, costretto a non allontanarsi dalla Corte per non lasciare intiepidirsi la grande simpatia dimostratagli dalla Regina, vedeva anche passare i mesi e gli anni, vedeva attorno a s6 pid spaventosa che mai la miseria: tanto che vi furono giorni, che senza la car- ita di qualche protettore che indovinava le sue strettezze, egli non avrebbe neppure avuto di che sdigiunarsi. (To be Continued.) Novel Wireless Telegraphy In the South. An article on wireless telegraphy printed in Cassier's Magazine recently, with an il- lustration of an ancient Gaul shouting a mes- sage from a hilltop to a brother-in-arms some distance away, who, similarly, trans- mitted the message to yet another farther removed station, and so on and on, across a wide stretch of country in a short space of time, recalls the fact that this form of communication — a species of wireless tele- graphy we may be pleased to term it — is in use to-day by the peasantry in one of the Southern mountain sections of the United States to warn the proprietors of illicit stills when the revenue officers are on the war- path. When they come in sight of a cabin, the tenant emerges with a tin horn and sounds a blast which is taken up at the next cabin, and so on along the trail to the heart of the mountains. There is nothing to seize when the raiders arrive at the suspected place, and when they retire, business is re- sumed. — Social Service. Ginter Grocery Company's Quarterly Dinner. In reply to the League's request for in- formation regarding the quarterly dinners of the Ginter Grocery Company, of Boston, Mr. E. G. Maturin writes: "These gatherings every three months are very beneficial socially, promoting a good fellowship in the 'Esprit du Corps' of our four vast stores. We meet socially, dine socially, and socially enjoy the program of entertainment provided entirely by home talent. As our employes are scattered throughout our four stores, these quarterly gatherings enable us to meet each other, as it often happens we do not meet in the in- terim. Our organization is purely a social one, its only object being our mutual amuse- ment and pleasure." — Social Service. Of Course. Marie — Oh, which dog shall I choose? Kathryn — Take the shaggy one, of course. You can tie more ribbons on it. — Chicago Daily News. VOLUIE II SATURDAY, JULY 19, 1902 NUIBER 3 WHere Iron Ore Comes From Concise Statements by an E^xpert ^ John Birkinbine, of Philadelphia, G)asulting Engineer for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, Tells of Iron Amines and Their Production — Minnesota Leads, Michigan Second — Great Future for Colorado and Adjacent States. ^ iHB important bases upon which the iron and steel industry rests, are abundant supplies of iron ore as fuel, but all iron ores or fuels are not adaptable for steel manufacture. In practice these raw materials are se- lected with great care, and their phy- Ical character and chemical composition demand close study. In fact, the chemical analysis of iron ores requires the determina- tion of fractions of a per cent of certain ele- ments, smaller than is necessary in assay- ing the more precious metals. Similar close distinctions are also essential in many of the processes through which the metal passes before it becomes merchantable iron or steel. Output of Iron Mines of Utiited States Dur- ing 1901. An idea of the volume represented by 29,000,000 tons of iron ore may be gained from the statement that the output of the American mines in 3901, would cover an area of 100 acres to a depth of 100 feet. About two tons of the average iron ore pro- Where C. F. & I. Ore Comes From, I- -Mine 2 and Mine No. 3 Opening, Orient, Colorado. —Reprinted from Camp and Plant of April 19, 1902. 50 WHERE IRON ORE COMES FROM. duced from American mines is required to produce a ton of pig iron. As the readers of Camp and Plant are interested in the production of iron and steel, the following data upon the un- developed iron ore supply of the United States is offered, to indicate the sources upon which the industry relies: The United States, in 1901, produced near- ly 29,000,000 tons of iron ore, the value of which at the mines approximated $49,000,- 000. This quantity shows a great increase, as great as the maximum production of any other country in any one year. To show how rapidly the production of the country has been augmented, the output of 7,000,000 tons may be quoted for 1880. The supply is obtained from 26 states and territories, and more than four-fifths of the iron ore is of the red hematite variety; about one tenth brown hematite, the bal- ance being principally magnetite ore with a small amount of carbonate ore. Where C. F. & I. Ore Comes From, II —Loading with Steam Shovel in Main Pit, Iron Mines, Sunrise, Wyoming. —Reprinted from Camp and Plant of February 5, 1902. being nearly .50 per cent more than the production of the American mines up to 1898. United States Leads the World in Iron Production. To understand what the production of the United States means, it may be interest- ing to state that the largest amount pro- duced by any other country in one year was 18,000,000 tons. We are, therefore, largely ahead in the production of iron ores. Our average for 12 years past has been nearly The Kind of Ore That Goes Into the Min- nequa Furnaces. Of the ore fed to the Minnequa furnaces, that coming from the Orient mine in Colo- rado, is classed as brown hematite, that from the Sunrise mine in Wyoming is red hematite and that from the Fierro deposit in New Mexico is partly magnetic and partly red hematite. Three-Fourths of the Ore of the United States Comes From Lake Superior Region. Nearly three fourths of the ore mined in WHERE IRON ORE COMES FROM. 51 the United States is obtained in the Lake Superior region. 21,500,000 tons being its quota for 1901. The largest producing dis- trict is the Mesabi Range in Minnesota, which contributed 9,300,000 tons. This is a greater amount than has been produced by any other district in the world in one year. The state of Minnesota supplied last year 11,000,000 tons, or 38 per cent of the total for the United States, a quantity which is only exceeded by the maximum annual out- puts of Great Britain or of Germany, no other nation ever having produced so much in one year as the Mesabi Range supplied. One mine in this range contributed 1,681,- 000 tons in 1901. Michigan Next to Minnesota. Michigan ranks next to Minnesota in pro- ducing capacity, with 9,650,000 tons; and Pennsylvania, although having the largest iron manufacturing interests, supplies but about 1,000,000 tons of ore yearly; and the same may be said of Virginia, while Ala- bama furnished 2,800,000 tons. Colorado is ninth in rank, and produced in 1901 over 400,000 tons. Tendency to Develop Large Mines. The tendency has been to develop large mines, and the records show that there are 104 mines in the country which produced over 50,000 tons each last year, these mines contributing together 88 per cent of the country's total, the average being nearly 250,000 tons. Of the large mines, there are three in Colorado, one in Wyoming and one in New Mexico, which are mostly sup- plying the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company's plant. In addition to the domestic iron ore, about 1,000,000 tons of foreign ore was imported. Where C. F. & I, Ore Comes From, III (a)— Open Cot Mining—Jim Fair Mine, Fierro, New Mexico. —Reprinted from Camp and Plant of May 24, 1902. 52 WHERE IRON ORE COMES FROM. Great Future of Colorado and Adjoining States. With the growth of the iron and steel in- dustry in the country, it is evident that the development of iron mines will be rapid, and still greater quantities will be supplied, much of which will be obtained from Colo- rado and the adjacent states; and it is prob- able that Colorado will advance in her rela- tive position of importance. "What!" exclaimed the volunteer briga- dier; "are you going to try to take those guns with cavalry? Impossible! You can't do it." "Oh, yes, I can, sir," was the reply; "I've got the orders in my pocket." This West Pointer did not doubt in the least what he was going to do, nor his ca- pacity, and, strange to say, he did it, for, advancing at a charge suddenly from the wood across the open ground, he took the Where C. F. & I. Ore Comes From, III (b) — Loading Cars in Open Pit at Union Hill Mine, Fierro, New Mexico. —Reprinted from Camp and Plant of May 24, 1902. IT HAD TO BE DONE. The following story is told by Mr. James Barnes in an article on "A Hundred Years at West Point" in The Outlook, as an il- lustration of the West Point idea of obedi- ence and discipline: During the war a young officer once re- ported to a volunteer brigade commander that he had orders from division headquar- ters to take a battery that held the top of a sweeping slope on the front of the Con- federate line, the shells from which were playing havoc with the Union infantry that were deploying through a wooded ravine. battery in the flank before they could change effectually the position of the guns, and he brought them back with him. In honest work there is hope for the future and forgetfulness of the past. — Life. CORRECT. A rider who rode in Rhode Island Met a miss who gave him a smile and Ite thought, "This is bliss. I am sure that a miss Is as good as a mile in Rhode Island." — Princeton Tiger. MISCELLANEOUS. 53 Might as Well have it Baked, Too. "Mis' Lummis, ma wants t' know 'f you can let her have a cup of sugar, two eggs, 'n' a few raisins, 'n' some flour. Oh, yes! — 'n' a little butter." "Well, I never! Katie Potter, you go home 'n' tell your mother I said if she'd wait till I had time t' make it, she could come over 'n' take the cake." — Philadelphia Bulle- tin. A Fresh Lamb. The proprietor of a German menagerie keeps caged together a lion, a tiger, a wolf and a lamb, which he labels "The Happy Family." When asked confidentially how long these animals had lived together, he an- swered: "Ten months; but the lamb has had to be renewed occasionally. — Philadelphia Times. Where All the Ore, Whether from Orient, Sunrise, or Fierro, Goes Eventually. Ore Bins and Two of the Blast Furnaces, Minnequa Works, Pueblo. — Eeproduced from June 7 Number of Camp and Plant. A Mistake in the Alphabet. "Polly has found something wrong in the dictionary." "Indeed! What is it?" "She's discovered that divorce comes be- fore marriage." — Yonkers Statesman. Not Her Forte. "She says she would like to get away somewhere where she would have time to think." "Well, I always feared she wasn't cut out for a society girl." The Crowns Chafed Their Heads. An American chiropodist now in Berlin advertises that he "has removed corns from all the crowned heads of Europe." — Chicago Record-Herald. Just the Art of Being Kind. So many Gods, so many Creeds, So many paths that wind and wind. When just the art of being kind. Is what the sad world needs. 54 EMERGENCY TREATMENT. J*' Hospital Bureau of Information 4* EMERGENCY TREiVTMENT III. The thorax or chest contains the heart, together with many important blood vessels and nerves. It is like a barrel without a top. Above numerous structures pass to the head; below it is sealed by a dome shaped muscle called the diaphragm, which sepa- rates it from the abdomen. Like every bar- rel, the sides are formed of ribs. Nature however, places our own ribs almost hori- zontally instead of vertically. So well has this been accomplished that hoops are un- necessary. Instead, the twelve ribs on each side are attached behind to the spinal col- umn, in front to the sternum or breast bone — the upper seven are connected directly with the sternum. The next three are con- nected with the sternum by cartilages and and termed false ribs. The last, or lower, two are attached in front and are known as "floating" ribs. The thorax or chest is a wonderful piece of mechanism. The ribs move at every breath, so the lungs may be filled or emp- tied and at the same time form a protect- ing armor for those organs. The ribs also protect the heart and the important blood vessels connected with it. The Ribs. The ribs are so constructed and attached that they yield on pressure and are not easily broken by falls or blows. Each upper extremity, including shoulder girdle and arm, consists of thirty-two bones; these are divided as follows: Shoulder Girdle (2)— Behind: Shoulder blade, or scapula. In front: Collar bone or clavicle. Upper Arm (1) — Humerus. Fore Arm (2) — Radius, ulna. Wrist (8) — The carpal bones. Hand (5) — The metacarpal bones. Fingers (14) — The phalanges. The Shoulder Blades. The scapulae or shoulder blades protect the upper part of each side of the back. Each is thin, flat and triangular, and this gives plenty of room for muscles to be at- tached. Its outer end is easily felt beneath the skin as the most prominent point of the shoulder. Beneath this elevation it pre- sents a shallow cavity — the glenoid cavity — which receives the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint. Here we have a good illustration of a ball and socket joint. The Collar Bone. Extending forward and inward from the prominence of the shoulder you can feel an f-shaped bone — the clavicle, or collar bone. This is the only bone of the upper extremity which is connected directly with the chest bones. It is for this reason that the clavicle is so often broken. When the unfortunate falls hard upon his arm each bone passes the force of the blow on to the next until the clavicle is reached. Here it stops shoving its load upon the next (as the clavicle is firmly fastened to the sternum) and the bone breaks. When such a thing occurs the shoulder, losing its support, drops downward, inward and forward. The Bone of the Upper Arm — the Humerus. The great long bone of the upper extrem- ity is the humerus. Its upper end is capped by a large, globular head which fits into the glenoid cavity of the shoulder blade. See how beautifully this arrangement aids us as we make motions in any direction with our arm. But it has one disadvantage — the shallowness of the cavity of the shoulder blade and the largeness of the head of the humerus admits of frequent dislocation. Below the head of the humerus are two rough eminences, or tuberosities, to which are attached several of the shoulder mus- cles. The bone now becomes narrower and this is the place where a fracture is most likely to occur — which is not at all humor- ous to either patient or doctor, as a large nerve winds about the bone at this point, and may be injured, thus producing a par- tial paralysis of the whole arm. The Bones of the Forearm — Radius and Ulna. The lower end of the humerus is flattened from before backward, so as to give a large surface to join the two bones of the fore- arm — the radius and ulna. The radius is the long bone lying on the outer side of the forearm when the arm is EMERGENCY TREATMENT. 55 held so that the palm is directed forward. The ulna lies parallel with it. When the hand is twisted backward and forward it is the radius rotating about the ulna which allows this motion. Sometimes these two bones grow together — most frequently dur- ing repair after both of the bones are broken — and then, of course, this power is lost. What the "Funny Bone" Really Is. The great strength of the elbow is due to a hook-like process of the ulna which fits can be placed? Begin your count before breakfast some Sunday and you will not be able to finish before dinner. And this is all brought about by an ideal arrangement of a few little bones. Did you ever con- sider that were it not for this arrangement we should be unable to hold our own against the animals; that we could not build our houses, till our soil — in fact, do much dif- ferently than a horse — which has the same I M \3 k ■ ^m ^M m^^H r m--. ^jM n ^^^H % B ^ ttHH H ^^^H ■^^ P rl 3 ■ m 1 3 M ^■n^^^^H \ H ■M^ ■ 1 1 Floresta Boarding House. into a hole in the back of the humerus. In a groove on the inner side of this hook lies a nerve, considerably less than half the size of a lead pencil. When this is struck the possessor usually dances a jig, and we say he has struck his crazy bone, when really it is a nerve that has been injured. Sometimes we call it the funny bone on ac- count of its proximity to the humerus. The Wrist and Hand. Did you ever try to count the number of positions into which the fingers and hands bones, but so arranged that he runs and walks on the tips of his fingers and toes. And yet the arrangement is not complicated. The radius and ulna are joined near their Icwer end. The ends themselves are hol- lowed out so as to receive a dome. This dome is made up of the eight carpal bones. Each of these bones is many-sided, irregu lar, and looks like a handful of pebbles picked up at random. Look at them care- fully and see that there are two rows of them. The upper row articulates with the 56 EMERGENCY TREATMENT. forearm bones, the lower row with the meta- carpals, or hones of the hand. Each in turn forms a joint with its neighbors. As you make the numerous little differences of motion at the wrist, these bones roll against sach other and allow those motions. The five metacarpals, or bones of the hand, also form joints with the wrist bones, and are Joined in turn at their other ends by the first bones of the fingers, or phalan- ges. FRONT VIEW. Bones of Armt Forearm, Wrist and Hand. BACK VIEW. 1 Humerus. 2 Head of humerus. 3 Tuberosities of humerus, greater and lesser. 4 Condyles, external and internal. 5 Ulna. 6 Olecranon. 7 Radius. 8 Head of radius. 9 Neck of radius. 10 Styloid process. 11 Carpus or wrist, composed of 8 bones. 12 Metcarpus, 5 bones. 13 Phalanges, thumb has two rows, fingers have three rows. HINTS ON HYGIENE— DOMESTIC SCIENCE. 57 The Phalanges, or Finger Bones. The phalanges are fourteen in number — two for the thumb and three for each finger. They vary in length so that they may be brought in contact with the most important of them all — the thumb. And yet when we double up our fists these fingers seem to be the same length, so wisely has nature ar- ranged the joints of the hand; for were they to still seem of different lengths, it would be difllcult to grasp an object well. A study of the hand is well worth the time spent. It is, and always will remain, the most perfect bit of machinery, not only in the present, but also during future ages. W.1KTS ON HYGI£N£ III. Clothes. The Bible tells us to take no thought for our bodies, what we shall put on, but we should not consider this too literally. Not only our comfort but our working ability and our health is influenced very consider- ably by our clothes. The objects of clothing to be considered are: 1. To maintain the bodily temperature. 2. To protect the body from the elements — heat, cold, rain and wind. The bodily temperature (which may be recorded by a thermometer) is practically the same at all times in health, averag- ing about 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit. Un- der ordinary circumstances the body is able to keep this constant; for instance, in hot weather or when exercising we perspire and the evaporation of this moisture cools the heated blood. Pour a little ether in the palm of your hand and hlovf on it. It evaporates immediately and the degree of coldness it produces is almost numbing. For the same reason, a breeze on a hot day is so grateful to us — it evapo- rates the perspiration quickly. It must be understood, however, that perspiration does not necessarily mean "drops of sweat" large enough to be seen; for even on the coldest days this process is still going on, although to a much lesser degree. Now the object of clothing is to protect the body from sudden changes of tempera- ture—from too rapid evaporation of body moisture — and the various materials from which clothing is made do this with varying degrees of efficiency. Wool is at theheadof the list; linen is at the other end. Wool absorbs the body moisture, storing it not only in the indi- vidual fibres but also between them. In this way, by not allowing it to become vapor- ized, wool prevents sudden chilling of the body. Flannel also does this very well, as does cotton when it is loosely woven. But closely woven cotton, worn next the skin when the body is perspiring, becomes wet through and clings to the body so that evap- oration proceeds as readily as from the skin itself. It has not the property of holding the water in its fibres as wool has. The Chinese keep cool in hot weather and at the same time avoid chilling, by wearing a sort of net next the body, and over that a loosely fitting gown of silk. The net prevents the silk from absorbing the moisture or adhering to the skin, conse- quently there is a constant evaporation, but not so rapid as to lower the temperature markedly. The color of the goods makes some dif- ference as to its warmth or coolness, but of course this applies only to the outer gar- ments. White absorbs heat the least of any color, hence is coolest. Black, on the other hand, is the readiest absorbent of heat and consequently the warmest. One other point I want to mention here — never wear your underclothes during the night. During the day they are saturated with the perspiration and odors from the body and often at night are still damp. To keep on such underclothing is just as harmful as to sleep in a bed which has not been aired. Give them an opportunity to get rid of the surplus moisture and gases and the clothes will not only last longer and feel crisp and fresh in the mornings, but your sleep will be much more refreshing and invigorating. H. S. O. DOMESTIC SCIENCE, III. Counting the Cost. In home management there is immense wisdom in counting the cost before indulg- ing in too many luxuries. Parents who can deny their children nothing; sybarites ,who never can say no to themselves — who do not practice frugality, are apt to come to finan- cial shipwreck through their carelessness in not counting the cost. Far better to wear a shabby coat or faded gown than to be hampered and handicapped by the expense of a new one, which cannot readily be paid for. Far better let the beloved ones some- times wait for a pleasure than secure it at risk to the health of an overworked father 58 SOCIAL SCIENCE— HOSPITAL BULLETIN. or mother. Wisdom dictates that one count the cost, even in the best regulated households. There is an old adage that "Wilful waste makes woful want." Most housewives realize this homely adage to be true, and yet fail to keep down the waste that makes the want. All households have "scraps," and many a good housekeeper puzzles her brains to know what to do with her "left overs;" and in some of the future numbers of Camp and Plant a few hints will be given how to dispose of a few of them. For example, take your left-over ber- ries, squeeze them through a strainer and make a delicious drink for your tired hus- band or father, by adding sugar and water to suit the taste. sociAi^ science: hi. The Ideal Home. Did it ever occur to you that home, after all, is just what its inmates make it — that the home of a working man may be just as happy, just as ideal a home as that of a rich man? The writer has known of several homes that very nearly reached the ideal, and, strange to say, they were all poor homes; that is, were not rich men's homes, nor even those of "well-off" people. While a fine house, rich furniture, elegant decora- tions undoubtedly do have a great value in rendering a home attractive and in making it more of a home, they are, ofter all, a les- ser element. The making of a home rests, for the most part, with the people them- selves. It is a spiritual thing, rather than a material. We do not mean to belittle the value of the substantial factor; rather, we wish to raise the spiritual part to its right- ful degree of importance. It is the cheer- ful, helpful, hearty, sympathetic, self-sacri- ficing spirit on the part of father and mother and children that can render any home a paradise, and it is the absence of this spirit that makes so many a finely-furnished home a cheerless, barren place where irritableness and hate and selfishness reign, and where love, without which family life is mere mockery, can never find its way. H. J. W. An association of employers for the pre- vention of accidents, recently opened, in France, a public competition for the creation of some form of safety device which would protect founders from the burning of their feet or the lower part of their legs. Alexander, Robert, of Walsenburg, who was sent to the hospital May 16 because of an abscess on the stump of an amputated leg, and who was again operated upon on June 10, is nearly recovered. Anderson, S. P., of Sopris, who was ad mitted to the hospital March 12 on account of an injured hand, caused by a premature explosion of dynamite, is nearly well. Arthur, David, of Brookside, who was ad- mitted to the hospital May 21 on account of appendicitis, was operated upon June 10 and went home July 13 Brothers, Felix, of Tercio, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 6 with a lacer- ated arin, is doing well. Burbaker, W. E., of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 9 on account of a contused foot, is doing well. Brunstadt, Albert, of Sopris, who was sent to the hospital June 27 because of a badly sprained ankle, went home July 10. Chappetti, Pete, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 with a hepatic abscess (abscess of the liver), was operated upon July 5 and so far has been doing well. Conzoni, James, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July 8 ill with typhoid fever, is doing well. Coski, Frank, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 suffering from gall stones, went home July 13. Coffee, Chris, of Laramie, who was sent to the hospital June 25 because of lumbago, is nearly well. Conti, Dana, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with two broken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg. He is doing nicely and will be about soon. Davenport, Harry, of Segundo, who was sent to the hospital July 9 with lacerations of the scalp, is getting along nicely. De Philip, Tony, of Tercio, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 6, had the entire right side of his face blown off in a prema- ture explosion. De Philip died July 8. Dunali, James, of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital July 8 on account of a burned eye, is doing nlcley. HOSPITAL BULLETIN. 59 Framarme, Frank, of Trinidad, an em- ploye of the Colorado & Wyoming Railway (Southern Division), who entered the hos- pital July 9 and who is being treated for lacerations of his hand, is doing nicely. Franzino, C, of Engleville, who was ad- mitted to the hospital May 18, is doing nicely and is about the yard. Freil, James, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 7 on account of a broken forearm, is doing well. Gratt, Josie., of Primero, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 8 on account of a fractured leg is now walking about. Hall, J. E., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 9, on account of admitted to the hospital May 3, on account of a fractured leg, is walking around. Moschetti, John, of Brookslde, was sent to the hospital July 5 suffering from typhoid fever and is doing well. Moskita, Mike, of Coal Creek, was admit- ted to the hospital July 30, with a hypopyon ulcer, and is doing fairly well. Osterman, Andy, of the Laramie rolling mills, who was admitted to the hospital June 15, on account of lacerations over his eye, Is improving. Pagnolta, Forte, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25, on account of a contused head, is Improving. Perrin, W. G., of Terclo, who was admlt- This is the Way Part of Coalbasin Looked One Day Last March. pleurisy is almost well. Hall went to Colo- rado Springs on a visit, July 5, but is again at the hospital. Hegedus, Joseph, of Primero, who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is now about the yard. Keller, C. H., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted to the hospital May 29, suffering from dyspepsia, went home July 8. McGuire, T. L., of Redstone, who had his left leg crushed at Coalbasin May 29, and who was admitted to the hospital the next day, had his leg amputated below the knee. He has now gone to Sedam, Kansas, on a visit. Micheltch, George, of Coalbasin, who was ted to the hospital June 21 on account of lumbago, is improving. Polhill, B. F., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 18, suffering from typhoid fever, is convalescing. Raposki, John, of Pictou, who was sent to the hospital June 20 suffering from contu- tions and lacerations about he head, went home July 11. Ruybalid, Lewis, of Orient, was admitted to the hospital April 12 with a compound fracture of his left thigh. It was feared at first that his leg might have to be ampu- tated, but it has been saved. Ruybalid is now improving slowly. San Martina, Spvina, of Sopris, who was 60 HOSPITAL BULLETIN. sent to the hospital June 27 on account of a contused head, Is doing well. Selmenia, Philip, of Tabasco, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 20 on account of a broken leg, is walking about. He will go home soon. Serri, G., of Rouse, who was admitted to the hospital March 5 with a broken leg, and who developed an abscess of the back, now is walking about. Si I bar, Chris, of Tabasco, who was sent to the hospital July 11 on account of ty- phoid fever, is doing well. Vito, Cresto, of Sunrise, who was admitted to the hospital May 4, on account of a broken leg, is now doing well. Wallace, William, of Segundo, who was admitted to the hospital July 5, on account of bruises about the body, caused by fall- ing down a shaft, is improving. A True Lie. William Townsley of Cleveland is fond of telling an especially thrilling story, says the Indianapolis Journal. "Some years ago," said Mr. Townsley, "I got on a train at Erie, Pennsylvania, and started for Cleveland. When about half way to Cleveland a woman got on the train with a small pet dog. She was refused admit- tance to the ladies' coach with the dog and the brakeman finally suggested that she put the little creature in the baggage car. She indignantly scorned the suggestion and was finally told that if she wanted to brave the discomfiture that she might find in the smok- ing car she could sit there with the dog. Giving the brakeman an indignant glance, she walked into the smoker. She took a seat just behind a husky-looking commercial traveler, who was smoking a pipe. "After they had gone a little way the woman, half choked with tobacco smoke from the man's pipe, leaned over and indig- nantly exclaimed, 'Sir, you are no gentle- man.' The man took the pipe from his mouth, looked around at the woman and, after giving her a good, long stare, remarked, 'Is that so?' He reasoned that as the smok- ing car was made to smoke In and as the woman had no business there, she could stand his tobacco. After his reasoning he placed the pipe In his mouth again and be- gan to puff great volumes of smoke. The woman became almost speechless with rage. She stood it as long as she could and finally her indignation got the better of her discre- tion. She deliberately rose from her seat, reached forward and grabbed the pipe from the man's lips. Before he could recover from his astonishment, the woman threw the pipe out of the window and coolly settled back in her sat, and began caressing doggy. "The traveling man, as soon as he could recover from his amazement, stood up and gazed at woman long and critically. In all his life he had never been subjected to such an indignity. He decided not to stand it, and deliberately grabbed the dog by the neck and threw it out of the window. The woman screamed as the dog went sailing through the window and declared that the man was an absolute brute. In a short time the train drew into the depot at Cleveland. The woman, her eyes fiashing fire and her face flushed with indignation, hurried from the smoker and ran smack into the arms of a big man who was evidently her husband. The traveling man came along about the same time, and the woman pointed him out. 'That man— that man!' she almost shrieked in her rage, pointing toward the traveling salesman, 'that man threw my dog out the window.' The husband glared at the trav- eler and started for him. " 'Sir,' he exclaimed, catching the traveler by the arm, 'did you throw my wife's dog through the window?' " 'Sir,' replied the traveling man, shaking off the irate man's grasp, 'if that woman is your wife I certainly did throw her dog through the window.' Then they began to fight and a crowd gathered. Finally the depot police separated them, and the crowd dispersed. The husband, however, had not received satisfaction and in a few minutes he and the man who had insulted his wife were fighting again. It looked as if some one would be badly hurt and people were begin- ning to get anxious, when some one shouted : 'Look what's coming.' Everybody looked, and what did they see? "Well, what did they see?" breathlessly inquired one of Townsley's auditors. "What did they see? Why, they saw the little dog coming into the depot carrying the man's pipe in his mouth." "The Robinsons have made enough money to retire on, haven't they?" "Enough to be restless on." — Life. MISCELLANEOUS. 61 It Was Worth the Money. A certain pompous and officious judge in a Western town had just fined a young law- yer ten dollars for contempt of court, accord- ing to the Chicago News. After it had been paid a grave old attorney walked up to the bench and laid down a ten-dollar gold piece. "What is that for?" asked the judge. "For contempt, your honor," was the re- ply. "But I didn't fine you for contempt," an- swered the judge. "There must be some mistake." "Oh, no; there isn't," replied the old man. "I have cherished a secret contempt for this court for a long time, and I'm willing to pay for it." The devil can always make room for one more. — Life. Popils of the School at Coalbasin, Miss Josephine Macbeth Teacher, Dr. "W. E, Ashley and the Hound of the Coalbasinites— March, 1902. 62 COALBA8IN. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY PUBLISHED BY THE 80CT0L0G1CAL DEPAETMBNT OF THE COL.OEADO FUEL AND IRON COMPANY AND DEVOTED TO NEWS FBOM THE MIMES AMD HILLS LAWRENCE LEWIS Editoe Dbmvbb Pueblo OFFICES : Boston Bnilding, Room 720 Minnequa Hospital Sdbsckiption Peice - $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Satcbdat, July 19, 1902 NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS. In order to insure the publication of news items in the Issue of the succeed- ing Saturday, correspondents of Camp and Plant should send matter so as to reach the Pueblo office not later than Monday evening. Important bits of news may be printed in the issue of the same week, even though they are received later than Monday, but all routine news should reach us promptly. The Editor wishes to take this occa- sion to thank all those who so faith- fully have sent in weekly records of the happenings in the several camps, and to express the hope that they will continue to assist us. ( ^ NEIVS ITEMS ^ 3 COALBASIN. Mr. Williams and family spent the Fourth at Marble. During the Third, Fourth and Fifth, Coal- basin and vicinity was visited by a series of snow storms and a speir of cold weather which reminded all of the rigors of winter. Miss Agnes Show and her sister Mary are visiting in Crested Butte. W. H. Howell and A. L. Kendle were do- ing business in Coalbasin June 30. Mr. Howell is auditor for the Colorado Supply Company. He has been transferred to Southern districts, and Mr. Kendle has been appointed to the Western division. Mr. and Mrs. L. A. Hanawald celebrated the Fourth in Aspen. J. Bloomfield of Redstone was in camp one day last week. J. C. Osgood, T. M. Gibb, Terry Boal, W. H. Reddell, Mr. and Miss McSmiglow,- of Redstone, were Coalbasin visitors last week. Harry Hart celebrated the one hundred and twenty-sixth birthday of Uncle Sam at Marble. Little Maud, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James Stuart, was quite seriously burned on the morning of the ninth by the the ex- plosion of a number of toy pistol caps, con- fined in a cigar box. S. E. Haynes, D. A. Chappell, A. C. Cass and party, all of Denver, spent a few hours in camp July 6. Through the energy and patriotism of the ladies of our camp, Coalbasin enjoyed a celebration in the way of a fine dinner and supper, a dance and an ice cream so- ciable on the night of the Fourth. Every- body enjoyed themselves and went home happy. Sam Leinacinc and Hilock were camp callers July 6. C. P. O'Neal of Placita was shaking hands with the boys July 3. On the Sixth we were honored by a visit from Prince Sovoy of Belgium. It is rumored that the Coalbasinites have challenged the Redstone team to cross bats July 20, at Redstone. Of course we are going to bet on the Coalbasin team. We know. T. C. Atterberry and Albert Ross of Beau- mont, Texas, were inspecting the camp the Ninth and Tenth. The clubhouse has been decorated with some beautiful palms, giving it a very pict- uresque and pleasing appearance. O. H. Yewell, manager, is an up-to-date man, ever alert to that which adds to and beautifies, as well as that which encourages and gives business a push. The Coalbasin Club is no "screaming farce" but a grand reality and a great moral and business benefactor. It has one hun- GIBSON— GULCH— MINNEQUA WORKS. 63 (Ired and sixty members and still growing. Its influence in a moral way is already be- ing felt and appreciated by all. It has silenced the midnight broils and tumults. It is indeed an educator and moralizer, especially as conducted under the present management. Joe Schuman of Chicago is visiting his brother, H. J. Linskey, and his sister, Mrs. E. P. Linskey. GIBSON, N. M. A few days ago while one of the most popular young men in our camp, Charles Jones, was coming home from a pleasant drive, accompanied by his best girl, his two very spirited Morgan ponies became fright- ened and ran away, throwing both of the young folks out. Aside from a little shaking up no damage was done. The grand jury has been in session for the past week in Gallup, the county seat of Mc- Kinley County. Ed Tafoya, who was accused of the mur- der of A. Slager at the guard line a year ago, was dismissed on the gx'ounds of self de- fense. The glorious Fourth was celebrated by most of the people of Gibson in a very en- joyable way. The Grays went to Fort Win- gate, accompanied by everyone who could get a conveyance of any description. The fort is fourteen miles from here. While there the Grays and soldiers had a game of ball, the score being 14 to 7 in favor of the latter. There is a fine spring on a ranch nearby where the nine passed several very delightful hours enjoying the flowers, grass and trees, which are very scarce in this section. Everybody arrived home safe and sound that evening and the day was voted a grand success. At night we had a grand ball in John Suttes boarding house. All the young people attended and passed a very pleasant evening, the dance breaking up at 12 o'clock, midnight. GULCH. The Fourth passed peacefully enough here. Almost everyone enjoyed a quiet pic- nic in some shady nook. Everyone doesn't know that Gulch pos- sesses a "prize baby," but we do, and we are justly proud of it Mr. and Mrs. Charles Cornell and baby Harold, C. O. Redd and Miss Finley, and Dr. and Mrs. Dyer went to the picnic at Carbondale July 4, and the baby won the prize from some dozen con- testants. Water is again extremely scarce and grave fears are entertained that the little spring will not last the summer. Beer may be cheaper than water for drinking, but it is rather costly for washing purposes. Mr. Phillips, of the Sullivan Machine Company, at present is engaged in setting up the new hoisting engine at the new slope. Fresh snow was seen on some of the near- by mountains the morning of July 4. Water pipes are laid to some of the new houses, but there seems to be no water to run in the pipes. While out fishing last week Jock Muir and James Dairy mple saw an old bear and two cubs. They w^ent out armed the next day to hunt for them but were unable to find them. What strange "snake-bite" medicine the boys must have had with them. Large catches of fish are reported from Thompson Creek. Division Superintendent John Thomas of Glenwood Springs made the camp a call last week. The saloon does a booming business these days when water is short. Gives a fellow a good excuse, you know. Dr. Dyer visited the State Medical So- ciety at Pueblo July 25, also the Minnequa Hospital. No more complete hospital can be found in the West than the new Colorado Fuel and Iron Company Hospital called the Minnequa Hospital. Many of our people spent the Fourth at Sunlight. They enjoyed the dance and ce ported an altogether pleasant time. H. C. D. Notices have been posted announcing that the old gate on Northern avenue will be open from 5:30 to 7:30 A. M., and 5:30 to 6:30 P. M., going into effect July 14, 1902. Persons having passes or overtime slips will be required to cross the new viaduct. J. J. Richards, formerly employed in the 64 COLORADO FUEL AND IRON COMPANY NINE. MrNNEQUA WORKS. 65 pipe foundry, has returned from Monterey, Mexico. Mr. Ricliards does not tliink much of Mexico, and states the steel plant at that place will not be ready for operation for at least two years. Harry Leemeyer's little boy, who was in- jured celebrating the Fourth, has passed an operation nicely at the C. F. & I. Hospital. He will not be powder marked. C. H. Knowles, a former clerk of the of- fice force, but for some time past interested in the grocery business, has ac- cepted a position in the new Colorado Fuel and Iron Company oflBce. C. J. Hold has returned from Omaha, Ne- braska, where he spent a very pleasant ten day vacation. C. S. Robinson and J, A. Writer were bus- iness visitors at the Mlnnequa Plant last week. John Stockton very cleverly won a fine rifle that was up as a prize at the Bessemer shooting gallery. John's score was 29 out of a possible 30. He was tied on this score, however, and had to shoot it a second time. H. C. Craft is raffling off his horse and buggy. The raffle will take place about the end of July. The lucky person will win a fine little rig. J. R. Bickford celebrated the Fourth bank- ing up his house on Beulah avenue. Thomas Platts and Miss Pearl Julian were the first persons to make their appearance on top of Pike's Peak the Fourth. They report a pleasant time. Milton Warden is building a nice house on Beulah avenue. Up to a short time ago there was only one dog that frequented the office — Alex. Mark's "Dick." Now we hear the name "Fido." Will some one kindly inform us whose dog this is? Among those who celebrated the Fourth on Pike's Peak were Thomas O'Keefe, Wal- ter Ripple, C. A. McQown, James Curren, C. C. McGown, Harry Gambridge and Will- iam H. Polloch. This happy bunch started from Manitou at 8:50 P. M. on foot and ar- rived on the top at 2:30 A. M. They all join in declaring they had a high old time. Richard Utter, late of the Escalanter Des- ert, has turned up among the office force. S. F. Proty has been off for several days on account of sickness and at present writ- ing is not improving very rapidly. John Pierip, of the mason force, has pur- chased a fine residence on Cedar street. Robert Harvey, a bricklayer, has resigned his position to go to Denver, where he will locate permanently. The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company pay roll for June amounted to $264,059.06. Pay days are Friday and Saturday, July 18 and 19. John Lewis and family have returned from Denver where they were visiting a brother of Mr. Lewis. Harry J. Butts, clerk at the carpenter shop, is sick with typhoid fever at his home, 1501 Spruce street. The Woodmen of Bessemer are going to give a social in Bessemer City Hall July 25 for the benefit of the Minnequa Band. There will be dancing and the orchestra of the band will furnish the music. T. V. Freebury is mourning the loss of a little daughter who died at Beulah on Sat- urday, July 12, after a prolonged illness. The men employed under Mr. Freebury pre- sented some beautiful floral emblems. James Selsor, C. F. & I. third baseman, who had his foot crushed some time ago, is able to be about on crutches. Mr. Sel- sor will not lose any of his foot as was at first feared. A benefit game was played for the unfortunate player Sunday, July 13, from which a neat sum was realized. Derby's timely hits and home runs were missed from the game Sunday. Derby is rusticating in the mountains on a vacation. The Colorado City boys were very talk- ative and happy during the early innings of the game Sunday, but came to grief all the same. Mugsy Mullen on second ended the game in a way that is seldom seen. Mugsy played the "hide the ball" trick on Samuel after he had knocked out a two-bagger. Sunday, July 6 was an ideal baseball day, and was enjoyed by several hundreds at the park. It was warm enough to keep the players supple and to make the shade of the grand stand welcome. The Neefs, one of Denver's crack teams, came prepared to do battle and to carry away the honors of the occasion and it is not the fault of "a certain down town crowd" of rooters that they failed to win out. The bunch comes, not only to yell for the opposing team, but to laugh and jeer at any error the home team happens at 66 C. F. & I. BASE BALL. J6 a SI 3 Oh S O n PQ CO eg rare intervals to make. Such is the loyalty of some of Pueblo's sports. A lover of a good clean game never jeers at an error, no matter who makes it. In the last few games these sores have had a chance to show their hands: that is, for an in- ning or so, they then "took to the tall grass." The Colorado Fuel and Iron team have proven that they are hard hitters, which naturally causes their score to climb up. They have traveled stead- ily from the opening of the season at a winning pace and at present their chal- lenges are not slighted by the first teams of the state. Now, fellows, it is hard to play a losing horse, hand, number.team or any- thing that is a loser. What you want to do is to come into harmony with the ma- jority of the fans, get the idea of unison, encourage the players of both sides, enjoy a good game, and go home pleased and satis- fled. Many of the audience laughed till their sides ached during the game at the frantic efforts of "Fat- ty," the Neefs' left fielder as he tried to put up a game that would live in the memory of the fans. He was successful, in the amusement line, as he was surely playing in hard luck. Kennedy gathered in quite a few during the Neef game. P. H. C. F. & I., 12; Colorado City, 4. The heretofore invinc- ible Samuel Faulk, the C. F. & I. BASEBALL— REDSTONE. pitcher for the Colorado City team, met the most disastrous defeat' at the hands of the C. F. & I. team last Sunday, that has been dealt out to him this season. In this he was assisted by eight others wearing the graj^ uniform of Colorado City. That the C. F. & I. boys are the best hit- ting team in the state is absolutely certain from the manner in which they made five singles, four two-base hits and four three- base hits in this game of Sunday. Linfoot also showed up well, having two three-baggers. The Colorado City team was greatly strengthened for this game, but it availed them nothing. The proceeds of the game were donated to J. B. Selsor, formerly third baseman, whose injuries of a month ago have ended his baseball playing. To this George Geiger, manager of the Colorado City team, contributed $40, which act is duly appreciated. The score by innings: 123456789 Colorado City 20101000 0—4 C. F. &I 00023016 *— 12 Tabulated score: C. F. & L ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Spencer, third base 5 3 3 Hahn, left field 4 2 2 1 1 1 Kennedy, center field 5 2 1 1 1 Rabson, short stop 5 4 4 2 3 Linfoot, first base 5 2 9 Groves, catcher 4 1 2 6 2 1 Mullen, second base* 2 1 4 3 McGown, right field 4 1 1 1 Shaw, pitcher 4 1 1 1 2 38 12 13 27 16 2 Colorado City. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Pierce, first base 4 2 1 5 1 Moatz, third base 4 2 4 1 Headen, second base 4 14 5 1 Murray, center field 4 2 10 Rutherford, right field 4 Long, short stop 4 1 4 Haas, left field 4 1 Gruber, catcher 4 8 1 Faulk, pitcher 4 1 1 2 1 36 4 5 24 13 4 *Robson substituted for Mullen to run bases. Summary: Stolen Bases — Spencer, 2; Hahn, Mullen. Two Base Hits — Robson, 2; McGown, Shaw, Headen, Faulk. Three Base Hits — Robson, Linfoot, 2; Groves. Bases on Balls— Faulk, 1. Wild Pitch— Shaw 1. Hit by Pitched Ball— Mullen, Hahn. Passed Balls — Groves, 2. Struck Out — By Shaw, 8; by Faulk, 8. Left on Bases— C. F. & I., 5; Colorado City, 6. Earned Runs — C. F. & I., 5. Time — One hour and twenty min- utes. Attendance — 1,400. Umpire — Conway. Scorer — Righter. The game as a whole was well played. In the early innings it looked as though Samuel's cunning would be too much for the home team, but they finally found him, and the score shows with what effect. The particular star was Robson, whose stick work was remarkable. REDSTONE. Miss Mary Bowen, professor of English Literature at Wellesley College, and Miss Helen Bowen, sisters of J. B. Bowen, came up on Tuesday from E. H. Grubb's ranch near Carbondale. They have taken a house and, with their brother, will spend the sum- mer months here. Morgan Jones and D. A. Chappell were guests at the Big Horn Lodge last week, leaving here' on Monday. The family of A. C. Cass are spending the heated term at the Lodge. A. E. Sanders, formerly of Starkville, has been added to the office force here. Mrs. Sanders and baby Albert came with him, and they are keeping house in the cottage formerly occupied by R. H. Dewitt. Conductor Dewitt has moved into the commodious residence formerly occupied by the Virden family, who have moved to Denver. Bert Ross and Mrs. Ross have become citizens of Redstone. Mr. Ross is the son of R. R. Ross, district attorney of the fourth judicial district. He formerly resided in Trinidad. The finishing touches are being given to the Redstone Inn, which splendid hostelry will very soon be ready for occupancy. The scenery for the auditorium stage ar- rived two days ago, and will shortly be placed in position. A. T. 68 SOPRIS. SOPRIS. Dr. Lowery, for ten years the faithful and efficient camp physician, left for his well- earned vacation last Sunday. The doctor will visit his old home in Portland, Maine, and perhaps take an ocean voyage. He expects to be gone about two months. We hope the trip will be both beneficial and enjoyable. Alexander Thompson, a miner, had his collar bone broken by a fall of coal in the mine Tuesday. He is doing nicely, and soon will be at work again. Perry Jaffa, a Trinidad M. D., is camp physician pro tem. Squire Otcliff, who has been 111 at his home three weeks Is able to be out again. His son Charlie has returned from Denver and is at work as a machinist here. "Charlie" Mcllvane, the popular company store clerk, has been transferred to Se- gundo. He Is having a vacation until Au- gust 1, when he will permanently locate at Segundo. Mr. and Mrs. Mcllvane have many friends here who will greatly regret their departure Mrs. Eugene Meyer has been quite 111 but is now recovered, much to the joy of her many friends. Baseball Is quite the rage as a Sunday afternoon pastime. The first flood of the season came down the river July 10, but it was a compara- tively small affair, and did no damage. Why cannot Sopris have a band? An or- gan grinder who appeared in St. Thomas attracted a crowd of young and old. Teams stopped and all enjoyed the music (?). Let's have the "real thing". D. P. Even if They Have to Skimp a Littie. The steel corporation, according to the Philadelphia Press, is devising a scheme to save ten million dollars a year. If it works all right everybody will try It Tliey Had to Hurry Witli De Wet Pursuing. "At last," wired the British General in South Africa, "we've got the Boers run- ning!" After the home department examined the dispatch the cables burned under this cheer- ing reply: "Be brave, and try to Increase your lead!" A New Mode of Collection. "You've made a mistake in my bill," said a young man excitedly yesterday to the pro- prietor of a prominent tailoring house. "That can't be," asserted the tailor, mild- ly. "Oh, but it's so," exclaimed the youth in a flurry. "Look here! Ten dollars too much charged on this bill." The proprietor compared the bill with his books. "You're right, Mr. Blank," he admitted. "I'll take ten dollars off, and how much did you say you wanted to pay on account?" The young man grew red, coughed, and finally produced a five-dollar note. "That works every time," confided the tailor to an interested bystander, after the Model Dwellings Redstone. customer had departed. "Nothing brings a man here in such a hurry as to overcharge him on his bill. When a customer gets a little backward and dodges the place, I send him a bill overcharging him. He comes on a rush to have the mistake corrected and a little diplomacy does the rest. Best of all, it doesn't hurt his feelings, as would a visit from a collector." — Philadelphia Rec- ord. Tht Florist Was Two Short. "What am I so mad about?" repeated the popular actress, with flashing eye; "I only got three bouquets, that's what!" "But," said the manager, "you surely did not expect more." "Of course I did. I paid for five." ITALIAN STORY. 69 C RISTOFORO COLOMB O Narrazlone Storica compilata sulle opere dl suo figlio Fernando; dl Antonic Gallo, suo contemporaneo e sugll scrltti degli storici e critic! posteriori: se- guita da un inno popoiare Colombiano musicato dal M. Giovanni Basso. XL DOPO LA GUERRA. Finalmente fini anche la guerra, che si disse Santa, con 1' eroica espugnazione dl Granata, e cadde 1' ultimo baluardo della potenza moresca in Ispagna. II re moro costretto a capltolare, risali con i suoi le navl che lo ricondussero al paesl dell' Af- rica, e la Spagna, ritrovata cosi la sua in- dipendenza, decreto feste sontuose ai felici trionfatori. Ne gioi 11 Colombo come d' una vittoria della cristianita sulla barbarie, ma ne giol anche perch6 vedeva cosi avvicin- arsi il giorno in cui le promesse della regina Isabella sarebbero state mantenute. Erano giS, passati sei anni, dal giorno che vedemmo Colombo, cavalcando una mula, awiarsi a Cordova per offrire a gente dis- tratta 1' elemosina d' un nuovo mondo. La Spagna tutta era in festa e il memora- bile inverno, passd tutto in divertimenti, in cacce di tori, in banchetti in gite regali. La nobilita dei regni riuniti, fatta tregua alle gare che spesso la dividevano in fazioni, e facevano divampare la fiaccola della dis- cordia, schierata oggi attorno alia riaggi- ante figura d' Isabella non aveva che un solo pensiero: mostrare al mondo che la Spagna sentiva tutto il benefizio della indipendenza riconquistata, e che attribuiva, con caval- leresco pensiero, il merito della segnalata vittoria principalmente a quella donna sing- olarissima. Noi non possiamo oggi nella vita prosa- ica e uniforme dei tempi moderni, farci un' idea di quel che dovessero essere i festeg- giamenti pubblici e le grandi pompe di una Corte, in cui s' era inflltrata anche un poco di magnificenza orientale; e per giunta in mezzo a un popolo di vivace fantasia, am- ante del lieto vivere; e in un secolo in cui ogn'i publica riunione era festa degli occhi e dello spirito, e gli eserciti rappresenta- vano un elemento pittorico per la ricca va- riety e per la benintesa distribuzione dei colori, e la folia era per s6 spettacolo a s& medesima con le capricciose invenzioni del- la moda, che obbediva alle leggi gioconde del buon gusto e della squisita armonla delle tinte. Fu una specie di allegra ubria- catura un intermezzo fra due grandi atti del dramma spagnuolo, che rese celebre quello scorcio del secolo decimoquinto ; e Cristoforo Colombo, che si aggirava solitario per le vie delle diverse cittS, dove a mano a mano si recava la Corte a ricevere omaggl aspetto con eroica pazienza che anche il suo turno venisse. E venne difatti, dopo un viaggio che il bu- on padre Giovanni Perez, quello del conven- to di Santa Maria, fece apposta alia Corte per indurre 1' augusta sua penitente, la regina Isabella, a rompere gl' indugi. Ormai 1' impresa delle Indie — cosi la chia- mavano — superato 11 periodo preparatorio delle inevitabili opposizioni, si avviava a una pratica attuazlone; e ci voile tutta 1' au- torita e il prestigio che la Regina esercitava, per imporre silenzio alle invidie, alle super- stizioni, ai bigottismi d' ogni maniera. Un raggio di luce divina scese forse ad illumin- arla, e il poeta catalano Verdaguer, che in versi meravigliosi racconto il sogno d' Isa- bella, la quale vedeva s6 imperatrice di terre lontanissime aggiunte alia sua corona, fu probabilmente, senza saperlo, storico veri- tiero. Cristoforo Colombo, non piiistrascicantela sua poverta nelle vie di Cordova, ma accolto rispettosamente a palazzo, inchinato dai cor- tigiani, festeggiato dalle turbe, provveduto decorosamente di tutto quello che potesse occorrergli, era pervenuto al sospirato mo- mento di dettare le condizioni per 1' arrisch- iatissima impresa. Dio lo ricompensava dell' indomita costanza mantenutasi in lui per pid di trent' anni, perchg da trent' anni quel suo concetto lo dominava; ora il mondo stu- pito sentiva confusamente parlare di questo Genovese, che era andato ad offrire ai Re di Spagna innumerevoli isole e territorii scon- finati, situati in paesi dove nessuno, da che mondo esistesse, aveva pensato si potrebbe approdare. *^* La storia degli uomini celebri merita d' 70 ITALIAN STORY. essere raccontata, per quell' eterna vicenda dl alti e bassi, che fa vedere da una parte r eccellenza e la grandezza dell' Ingegno, e dair altra 1 dlfetti delle umane debolezze, e le storture e le malignitfi, umane. Furono stabilite bene le condizioni. Mem- ore del disinganni patiti, Cristoforo Colombo voile si mettesse chiaramente il nero sul bianco. "Chiese infatti d' essere nominate ammi- raglio in tutto 1' Oceano (cosi allora si di- ceva) con le prerogative, i privilegi, e le prominenze che avevano gli ammiragli di Castiglia. Voile essere riconusciuto come vicerd e governatore in tutte le isole che scoprirebbe, e in quelle parti della terrafer- ma-asiatica dove nessun altro prima di lui fosse arrivato. Di piu, riserbo a s6 il diritto di nominare e licenziare gli ufficiali delle nuove amministrazioni che via via impian- terebbe. In quanto agli amolumenti e alle rendite, pattui, oltre gli stipendi e i diritti che gli spettavano come ammiraglio, vicer6 e governatore, che a lui pervenisse anche la decima parte di tutto quelle che si trovas- se, come oro, argento, pietre preziose; e anche a decima parte del guadagni che si ricavarebbero dal comprare, barattare ec. Finalmente voile che le dignita,, i diritti, i privilegi da lui conquistati diventassero ere- ditarii nella sua famiglia." E dirfi, come in parentesi, che la sua fa- miglia in quell' epoca era cresciuta. II Cor- dova, ad alleviare le augustie dell' avversa fortuna, tornS opportunissima al cuore di Colombo la conoscenza d' una giovane di singolari doti appartenente alia nobile fa- miglia decaduta degli Euriquez-y-Arana. La bellezza fisica di questa giovane, era pari alia sua elevata intelligenza, al suo cuore tenero ed appassionato. Le sue simpatie per Colombo furono vivissime e crebbero ali- mentate dalla compassione che destano le grandi sventure e le ingiuste contradizioni. II vastissimo disegno di Colombo parve alia Euriquez realizzabile e percid si associ6 tut- ta alia grande idea, condividendo con 1' uomo amato i dispiaceri e le gioie che nel suo cuore si alternavano. Frutto di questo scambievole affetto nacque in Cordova il 15 agosto 1488, Ferdinando secondogenito di Colombo; che fu poi il prime e piQ impor- tante dei suoi biografl. * I patti chiesti da Colombo erano esobitanti e i suoi nemici che mal digerivano la improv- visa popolarita, acquistata dallo straniero, lo accusarono apertamente d' ingordigia. E fu insinuate a Corte che il temerario av- venturiero voleva innanzi pensare a far bot- tino, non badando a sacrificare le navi dello State, a sacrificare la vita di marinai che alle sue parole credevano e si lasciavano ubriacare da promesse bugiarde. Fu viva lotta: gli odii e le invidie ripul- lularono: frati ignoranti, e cortigiani bigotti e superstiziosi accerchiarono la Regina e 11 Re, e i piu benevoli affibbiarono del matto a Colombo: i nemici lo gabellarono addirit- tura per un ciarlatano di malafede. Ma la Regina Isabella fu irremovibile. Neir anima sua invitta il timore dell' insuc- cesso non poteva far presa: e la mente in- fiammata agli entusiasmi del bello, e quel non so che di romanzesco fu la caratteristica della sua vita cosi ricca di belle opere la difesero centre gli assalti che d' ogni parte venivano per indebolire la sua costanza. XII. PARTENZA DELLA SPEDIZIONE. Era la mattina del 2 Agosto 1842 ed albeg- giava appena nella piccola citta di Palos; modesto luogo di mare sulle coste dell' At- lantico in Ispagna, quando un insolito spet- tacolo chiamo alle flnestre le genti del paese. Preceduta da un uomo di bellissimo aspetto e di alta statura, con i bianchi ca- pelli che gli scendevano sulle spalle, e ve- stito con abiti che avevano un po' del sol- dato e un po' del marinaro, una folia di cen- teventi persone si avvicinava raccolta e pensosa verso la cattedrale. Bssi entrarono silenziosi nella chiesa, e s' inginocchiarono. Splendevano suU' altare maggiore moltissimi ceri, un sacerdote cur- ve per gli anni usci dalla sagrestia con un. piccolo corteggio di chierici, e giunto all' altare incomincio la celebrazione della mes- sa: ma la sua voce era tremante, un po' per r eta, un po' per la commozione dell' animo. Quel centoventi uomini giovani la pitl parte, tutti gagliardi e animosi, stavano per in- cominciare un viaggio, cosi grande e cosi smisurato, che a memoria d' uomo, e per quanto si raccontasse nei libri, a nessun al- tro fatto precedentemente si sarebbe potuto paragonare; e abbandonavano in patria i piccoli agi d' una vita modesta ma sicura, abbandonavano la famiglia, una professione. ITALIAN STORY. 71 le speranze certe dell' avvenlre, per affron- tare ignoti pericoli, per sfldare i tenebrosi misteri dell' Oceano. Al momento dell' elevazione tutte quelle teste si piegarono, fino a toccar quasi la terra; e 1' uomo alto dai lunghi capelli, che nella maesta dell' aspetto, nella limpidezza degli occhi luminosi, e nella ampiezza della fronte solcata da rughe accennava a un' abitudine del comando, temperata dalla mol- ta mansuetudine d' una fisonomia dolce e simpatica, quell' uomo fu veduto abbassare nelle palme delle mani la faccia, e riman- ersene immobile in quell' attitudine fino al termino del divine sacriflzio. Quail pensieri gli avranno attraversati la mente ? Tutti quegli uomini che lo attorniavano, spiandone con viva curiosita i movimenti, lo videro a un tratto alzare verso il cielo la testa, e dal leggero tremito delle labbra com- presero che un ultima preghiera partiva dair anima sua, ma una preghiera ricca di speranza e di fede. E perche in quel momento il sacerdote, terminata la messa apriva il ciborio e ne traeva fuori la pisside delle ostie consacrate, 1' uomo alto ed au- stere si alzo per il primo, e accostatosi all' altare ricevette con atti di grande devo- zione 1' eucaristia. Gli altri, a uno a uno, lo imitarono. Pre- garono tutti ancora un momento, raccolti in pensieri di grande tenerezza e di affetto; poi a un cenno dell' uomo, che pareva ed era difatti il loro capo, Cristoforo Colombo, uscirono dalla chiesa. Scintillava sulla piazzetta il sole d' estate; e nel cielo limpido la fresca aria del mat- tino portava a quegli uomini 1' acuto odore del mare. Volgendo istintivamente gli oc- chi alia loro sinistra, videro nello sfondo ceruleo d' una straducola, che andava a mo- rlr nella spiaggia, le antenne di tre navi che mollemente si cullavano nelle acque, e in cima alle antenne, e lungo i cordami, e sui castelli di poppa e di prora sventolare, lie- tamente illuminate dal sole, bandiere e ori- fiamme. Quel terribile compagno di tutta la loro vita, quel gigante col quale si erano assuefatti a combattere, quel temuto e amato mare che li aveva induriti ai pericoli era li ad aspettarli, e gl' invitava con le seduzioni della sua calma e della sua bellezza per con- durli, chi sa? forse alia ricchezza e alia gloria, forse anehe alia morte. Tutti quel marinai dettero un' ultima oc- chiata un ultimo addio alia terra che ab- bandonavano, e obbedendo alia disciplina si avviarono alle loro navi. Quelle navi si chiamavan Santa Maria, la Pinta, la Nina; e quel centoventi che loro andavano incontro ne formavano 1' equipag- gio. Di essi non tutti i nomi sono giunti a noi, ma i principali vanno ricordati. Sulla nave Santa Maria comandata di- rettamente da Cristoforo Colombo, presero posto Diego di Arana; Pietro Guttierez, ad- detto alia contabilitS, della Corona; Rodrigo Sanchez di Segovia controUore dell' arma- mento; Rodrigo di Escovedo, notaio; Ber- nardino di Tapia, istoriografo della spedi- zione; i piloti Piero Alonzo Ninno, Bartolo- meo Rolando, Ferdinando Perez, Matheos Sancho, Luiz Ruy, Fernandez, Juan del Casa, idrografo; Luiz de Torrez ebreo convertito, in qualita di interprete; Castillo, saggiatore di metalli. L' uflicio di sanita era affldato ad Alonze, medico, e al chirurgo maestro Juan. Due liguri pure viaggiavano con lui; uno era maestro di manovre, 1' altro d' equi- paggio. Non mancava il calafato e il maes- tro d' ascia, in tutto erano a bordo sessanta- sei persone, nessuna di Palos, la maggior parte di Huelva e di Siviglia. L' equipaggio della Pinta apparteneva in- vece a Palos, di essa avea il comando Mar- tin Alonzo Pinzon, quelle stesso che cooperd, con la sua grande influenza, ad agevolare air Ammiraglio 1' allestimento della piccola flottiglia. Con Alonzo era pure sue fratello Francesco, Giovanni de Ungria suo cugino e Cristoforo Garcia Ibalmiento. Era medico Fernandez Garcia, amice del Padre Perez, guardiano della Rabida, e i due proprietari della nave Gomez Rascon e Cristoval Quin- tero. In tutto, fra gli uflBciali e marinai, trenta individui. A bordo della Nina 1' equipaggio era pure formate di gente di Palos. II comando della stessa veniva assunte, nel viaggie di an- data, da Vincente Pinzon, il minore del tre fratelli ed abile necchiero. In tutto erano a bordo ventiquattro individui. Tra questi compagni di Colombo, non pochi gli furono sempre fedeli, non per6 fedele si mantenne Martino Alonzo Pinzon; poichfe, dope aver posto al servizio della causa di Colombo la propria persona e altresi quella del sue! tre fratelli, come pid innanzi vedremo, con i mall proce limenti verse 1' Ammiraglio du- 72 ITALIAN STORY. rante la traversata, e con attl insubordinati e sleali oscurd i meriti che precedentemente si aveva acquistati. E fa dispiacere certa- mente dover registrare questo a carico di un uomo, il cui nome potrebbe invece bril- lare di pura luce accanto a quelli che con- tribuirono alia grande scoperta. Por le tre ciurme quel giorno passo negll ultimi e affrettati preparativi della parten- za. Alia sera gli abitanti di Palos corsero tutti a salutare un' ultima volta gli arditi navigatori, e prima che il giorno spuntasse furono levate le ancore. Le tre navi si mos- sero per la vicina isoletta di Saltes, di dove col sorgere della brezza mattutina, alle ore 8 di Venerdi, del 3 agosto, fu dato 1' ordine dl sciogliere le vele e prendere il largo. (To be Continued.) She Was Glacial. He had asked the Boston maiden for a kiss. "Oh, sir," she cried, blushing, "I have never been kissed in all my life." "Well, I suppose somebody has got to break the ice," replied the practical young man. — Philadelphia Record. He Hadn't Been Introduced to the Bride. A young married couple — from the coun- try, of course — attended an exhibition of "dissolving views," says a writer in the Phil- adelphia Times. Thei bride, being very pretty, attracted the attention of a stylish looking city gentleman who happened to oc- cupy the same seat with the happy pair. During the exhibition the part of the hall occupied by the audience was obscured. By some accident the lights went out also on the stage. During the darkness the young man from the city pressed the hand of the bride. She was much alarmed, but offered no resistance. Then he actually leaned over and kissed her. This was too much, and the wife resolved to tell her husband. "John." "What?" "This feller's kissing me." "Well, tell him to quit." "Tell him yourself." "No, John, I don't like to tell him. You tell him. The gentleman is a perfect stran- ger to me." The day is not dreary, it's the heart. Minnequa Hospital Base Ball Nine. Olney, cf. Daily, sub. Scarlett, 2b. Adams, s. s. Carriel,3b Ditzler, p. Francis, rf. Wilson, If. Baker, lb. The Mascots. Powers, c. YOLUIE II SATURDAY, JULY 26, 1902 NUIBER 4 THE HOLLYWOOD INN CLUB AT YONKERS, NEW YORK A MOST SUCCESSFUL ^ELOW is reproduced what the prospectus of the Hollywood Inn Club of Yonkers, New York, has to say about the history and the work of a most remark- able and excellent Workingman's Club. WORKINGMEN'S CLUB In later issues of Camp and Plant the clubs established by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company at Redstone, Coalbasin, and other mountain villages and camps will be described, and the advantages which we be- lieve are possessed by our clubs, pointed out. Exterior of Hollywood Inn Club, Yonkers, N. Y, 74 HOLLYWOOD INN CLUB. Past and Present of the Hollywood Inn Club. On the evening of January 15, 1893, an enterprise was set on foot at No. 18 Main street that was destined to be a notable in- Yonkers to furnish free of charge a conven- ient meeting place or club room, where men of every sort and condition might spend their evenings in social and fraternal inter- course. Papers and periodicals were sup- CX c stitution in the city of Yonkers, New York. The work then inaugurated in an unpreten- tious way — in a store twenty by fifty feet, was the first effort that had been made in plied, together with games and a light lunch, the cost of which was sufficiently moderate to be within the reach of all. The room sprang into popularity with a bound and HOLLYWOOD INN CLUB. 75 the evening attendance soon taxed the full seating capacity of the place. Began as a Free Reading and Smoking Room. The cost of maintaining this "Free Read- ing and Smoking Room" was undertaken by a number of our residents, the expense for the first year being about eighteen hundred dollars. After a short period of experiment, new quarters were secured on North Broad- way, consisting of two large floors, and on one of these, four pool tables were installed. The upper floor was used for reading, smok- ing and meeting rooms. The estimated at- tendance during the first year in these en- larged quarters was fifty thousand. It was while the work was being prosecuted at this point that the permanent interest and support of William F. Cochran were enlist- ed. One morning in the spring of 1896, the president of the institution took Mr. Coch- ran to see the humble quarters of the Holly- wood Inn, making the proposition to him at that time, that some effort should be made to further the work by the introduction of a circulating library for workingmen. Out of this suggestion came the larger one that con- templated a work embracing every depart- ment and feature of an ideal club for wage earners. Instead of a library, Mr. Cochran proposed that drawings should be made by an architect for the erection of a permanent home for the work. At this time the board of directors was increased from five to seven and upon the incorporation of the Institution it was again increased to nineteen and the v/ork of enlargment begun. Corner Stone of Building Laid 1896. In June, 1896, ground was broken at the corner of South Broadway and Hudson street, and the construction of the present building was begun. On Labor Day, of that year, in the presence of representatives of e\ ery church, social and labor institution in the city, and a multitude of ten thousand people, the corner stone was laid by the donor, assisted by Vice-President Freeman and General Horace Porter, the latter de- livering the oration. A large chorus of the choirs and singing societies also sang. A :.ear later, on Labor Day, 1897, after very simple and informal ceremonies, the gates of the new and completely equipped build- ing were unlocked by President Cochran, and with a brief address the building was declared open "for the benefit and pleasure of the workingmen in the city of Yonkers." The first year passed with an enrolled mem- bership of six hundred — the rate of dues be- ing six dollars per annum, payable in six equal installments. Upon the issuance of the membership tickets for 1898-99, the dues were reduced to three dollars and the pay- ments made in two equal installments. Beginning of tlie Athletic Field at Dun- woodie. In the summer of this same year (1898), a field was rented on the heights of Dun- woodie, and at a large expense a splendid diamond and athletic field, together with a well appointed club house were created, and an out-door athletic department started that has in every way proved of inestimable ben- efit to the club. The second year of the club .saw a membership of eight hundred and seventeen and an ever increasing in- terest. During the winter, receptions were given to all the large manufacturing estab- lishments in Yonkers and thousands of their operatives entertained. The membership during this year was so large that the an- nex which had been secured on the south was called into service. The Boys' depart- ment on the top fioor, which had not proved a satisfactory feature to maintain in con- nection with the Men's club, was abandoned, and these quarters converted into Masonic rooms and rented to the lodges in the city. The circulating library had during this year proven a valuable adjunct, the wives and children of members availing themselves of it, and six thousand volumes being circulat- ed. The third year demonstrated by the constantly increasing membership that to meet the demand, larger quarters must be had, the total enrollment reaching the large number of one thousand. Overflow Into An Annex in 1901. Once again the donor of the building came to its assistance, and plans were made for the erection of an annex comparing in size with the original structure. This large building was completed and opened for serv- ice in the fall of 1901. With this auxiliary, the Hollywood Inn stands without a peer as a workingmen's club throughout the world, and compares favorably with the best club buildings in New York city and elsewhere. Description of the Building. The structure as it now stands represents an outlay of two hundred and twenty-five thousand dollars, and covers an area of 76 HOLLYWOOD INN CLUB. eighty by one hundred feet and is six stories in height. As it stands now, the Hollywood Inn Club comprises the following: On the ground or basement floor, a bowling alley a locker and dressing room containing lock- ers for six hundred members. The first floor contains a library comprising five thousand volumes, with a special department in which U c a o cq h room containing lour of the most modern and approved alleys, four shuffle boards and lavatories. In the annex, a plunge bath, sixteen by forty feet, eight showers and the best works on mechanics and the useful arts are to be found. The administration offices and writing and reading rooms are also on this floor. In the Annex, a gymna- HOLLYWOOD INN CLUB. 77 siuih without columns, thirty-five by ninety feet, with a ceiling twenty feet high, support- ing a running track which is twenty-six laps to the mile. This gymnasium is equipped with modern apparatus, and has an examina- tion room in which every member can re- ceive physical examination free of charge. The second floor contains pool and billiard rooms, a card and game room accommodat- ing two hundred, also a refreshment room and tub bath room with four compartments. The third floor contains the entertainment hall and cloak room, the directors' rooms and chairman's office, and in the annex a large lodge room and club room, both of which are rented at moderate cost. The fourth floor contains rooms for use of classes and janitor's apartments. A large kitchen from which dinners can be served is also to be found here with immediate access to the two halls. The fifth and and sixth floors are used for Masonic Lodge purposes. Minor Organizations Within the Club. Within the compass of this great club are a score of sub-organizations, such as athletic, bicycle, whist, cribbage, deaf mutes, band, bowling, etc., etc. The Saturday Night Club is a large and flourishing literary organiza- tion where papers and essays on current questions are read and discussed and where prominent speakers are heard from time to time. Semi-monthly lectures and entertain- ments, smokers and dances constitute a part of the attractions. In every way the club caters to "^all sorts and conditions of men," furnishing to the workingman in his idle hours a place of wholesome and invigorating recreation. The Library and Reading Room. The library proper is open to both mem- bers and their families. It is a pleasant, well furnished room, carpeted and made at- tractive and home-like. The books are ar- ranged upon shelves around the sides of the room, where they are free of access to all the members. This feature is well ap- preciated, for thus a much more satisfac- tory selection can often be made than when a catalogue is the only guide. The books are not covered, and their bright-colored bindings add to the attractiveness of the room. Most of the 5,000 volumes are al- lowed to circulate, each borrower being priv- ileged to take two books at a time. The room is well supplied with the leading peri- odicals of the day, including scientific, liter- ary and trade publications, as well as those of a more general character. The librarian is always glad to be of assistance in the se- lection of a book or to help the searcher find what he wants. The reading room is also an attractive spot. Here are found the daily New York and Yonkers newspapers, as well as representative papers from other cities. Correspondence tables are provided here for the use of members, and stationery is fur- nished upon application at the office. The Gymnasium. The gymnasium is the largest and best equipped in the city, having a clear floor space of three thousand square feet. It is equipped with the very best modern appa- ratus for the thorough development of the body. The hygienic conditions are perfect. The running track (twenty-six laps to the mile) constructed on the latest scientfic prin- ciples, is adapted to running at any speed and affords ah excellent opportunity for training. A well regulated and modern bath room, with eight shower and needle baths and a magnificent swimming pool, forty-one feet long and fifteen feet wide, having a depth of six feet, with a uniform tempera- ture, forms a most valuable adjunct to the gymynasium. Each member has the use of a large locker with private key. The Object of the Gymnasium. The object of the gymnasium is to make the strong stronger, the swift swifter, to strengthen the weak, to help those who are endowed with vigorous body to keep them- selves in the best possible condition and to develop one in the best possible way. By exercising the muscles the circulation is accelerated, stimulating the excretion of waste matter which it is very necessary to rid one's self of. What the Gymnasium Course Includes. Beginning with light apparatus, dumb- bells, wands, Indian clubs, exercise is given for constructing a better physical condition. Besides this is taught, swimming, elemen- tary boxing as a means of self-protection and certain recreative games, the object being to obtain co-ordination in the use of the mus- cles, nerve control, and a stronger and more powerful nervous system through de- veloping the muscular system. After the individual is supposed to have muscle enough to handle his body, utilizing the pow- ers that have been trained, now comes the teaching of harmony of movement, wrestling 78 HOLLYWOOD INN CLUB. and fencing, the further use of the appa- ratus. Any one deficient in any particular way will receive an individual prescription of the most helpful exercise needed for his our gymnasium as an assistance to them in their work. The condition of the individual desirous or in need of a course of training, is first learned, a thorough physical exam- U condition and will carry this out under the personal supervision of the instructor. The members of the medical profession are requested to inspect the conveniences of ination is made and individual prescriptioni of proper exercises is given. No extra, charge is made for physical examination, which can be made by appointment. HOLLYWOOD INN CLUB. 79 The Proper Suit for the Gymnasium. The suit that is recommended, consists of long, gray trousers, quarter sleeve shirts, and rubber-soled shoes, an inexpensive outfit. Orders may be left with the physi- cal director. Towels may be rented at a nominal rate to be returned after use. The Leaders Corps will be composed of athletes and gymnasts who show ability as tea" ars. They assist the physical director and lead classes in squad work. Numerous games are introduced in the gymnasium providing recreation and amusement, viz.: basket ball, hand ball, medi- cine ball, hand tag, Indian club passing, etc. Game tournaments are held at intervals dur- ing the season. Graded class work consisting of free hand calisthenics, dumb bell and Indian club exercise, followed by light apparatus work. Apparatus work at the evening classes is divided into four divisions and promotion is made as advancement in proficiency oc- curs. Members in need of special corrective gymnastics will receive individual instruc- tion. The superintendent and physical di- rector will give special attention to this de- partment. A physical examination is essen- tial to secure the best results from exercise. The heart and lungs are examined, measure- ments taken, strength tests made so as to determine the exact physical condition, that direction may be given as to exercise which will prove most beneficial. The Athletic Field at Dunwoodie. A five-acre enclosed field, ten minutes' ride from the club, affords an opportunity for the full enjoyment of athletic exercises. The field comprises: Running track, six laps to the mile; base- ball diamond, cricket crease, tennis courts, football ground, pole vaulting, running and standing jump, hammer throwing and shot put. The field is open to all members of the Inn without extra charge. In the club house will be found shower baths and lockers for the convenience of members. During the season, baseball and football games are held every Saturday afternoon. Out-Door Sports — Past and Future. Reviewing our out-door work for the past four years, we say, unhesitatingly, that it has been of inestimable help toward making the Inn the unqualified success we all know it to be, and, what is more, our athletic field is becoming the source of greatest pride, with every member of our grand institution. Beginning in a very humble manner at Dun- woodie, in the spring of 1898, we have each succeeding year obtained a more sound foot- ing with the sport-loving public until now we believe we have the best element of ath- letic lovers supporting our every effort to provide clean, honest contests on field and diamond. Our members certainly can look back with pride to several notable achievements of some of our athletes, particularly the great work of Mellor in the twenty-five-mile road race at the Pan-American Exposition, July 4 of last year. Mellor won the race very easily and had donned his street attire be- fore the second man had finished. Starr, another of our members, finished fifth in the same race, and must be given a great deal of credit for his game race, as he had no idea of competing in the event when he left for Buffalo. The greatest measure of success was brought to the Inn, however, by the fast baseball team we have built up. To say that we pride ourselves on our ball team, is put- ting it mildly. We know of no institution in the East that boasts of a faster team, and when one stops to consider that our players are all hard working men, most of whom have to work till six o'clock every day, mak- ing it impossible for them to get any prac- tice, we cannot but concede that the fullest share of praise should be accorded to each member and to the team as a whole for the highly interesting contests furnished from week to week, and for the name they have established in the baseball arena. The writer firmly believes that the baseball team has done more to place the Inn on its pres- ent firm footing than any other branch of our club, and I know it is the fond wish of everj' loyal member that the boys ever will strive to keep the purple and white emblem of the Inn always to the fore. It will un- doubtedly interest baseball lovers to recall here the record our baseball team has made each year since we first placed a team in the field. In '98 our "Champions" won 16 games and lost 3; in '99, they won 15, lost 5, and one was a tie; last year they won 17, lost seven, and tied one, and the present season, which was, in my judgment, the very best, they won 16 out of 21 games. The op- 80 HOLLYWOOD INN CLUB. posing teams, throughout the season of 1900 and during summer of 1901, were so much stronger that a comparison of the work dur- ing the two years with that of the first two would not be fair. Nevertheless, the show- ing our boys always make; the clean, fair ball they play at all times, has been a source of much gratification to the baseball man- agement, the directors of the Inn, the mem- bers at large, and also by the true sport-lov- ing people of our community. Educational Advantages in Night School. Our endeavor is to aid studious members by providing evening classes, well systema- tized and graded, with an efiicient corps of instructors. The course in freehand drawing includes drawing of ornament from cast, freehand perspective, light and shade drawing, pen and pencil sketching, and water color. Tui- tion fee is five dollars for the course. French, German, Spanish and Italian are taught by conversational methods. Course of twenty lessons of one hour each. Fee.: Three dollars. Special attention is given to the commercial use of these studies. First Aid to the Injured. The course on the subject of first aid to the injured includes twelve lectures. As the name indicates, instruction in this class will be given in the methods of stop- ping bleeding, applying splints and band- Corner of Social and Smoking Room. The various courses aim, so far as the time allows, to furnish a thorough and prac- tical training in the various branches, which will be of immediate value to the student, not only by increasing his general informa- tion, but by enabling him to advance to positions of greater responsibility in his spe- cial line. Drawing — Mechanical and Freehand. The course in mechanical and architec- tural drawing comprises mechanical and ar- chitectural draughting, projection, descrip- tive geometry, development of surfaces, working drawings, details, and assembly drawings. ages, transporting the injured, reviving those apparently drowned, treatment of shocks, sprains, fainting, etc., and points on nursing, etc. This course is exceedingly practical in every-day life. No class fee. Business Courses. Arrangements have been made with But- ler's Business School, by which all members of the Inn may secure special rates in the business course, comprising bookkeeping, stenography, and typewriting. Literary and Debating Club. Saturday Night Club, a literary and de- bating society, is one of the attractive fea- tures of the Inn, and is open to every mem- HOLLYWOOD INN CLUB. 8} ber of the Inn. Practice in debate, tlie abil- ity to speak in public, and experience in par- liamentary law are a few of the advantages gained here. On alternate meeting nights, a series of Practical Talks by well known professional men and others are given. The Camera Club. The Camera Club is regarded as a fea- ture destined to assume greater proportions in the welfare of art. Our two dark rooms will be found equipped with all the neces- sary accompaniments for photographic work for the convenience of members. The Whist, Cribbage and Penochle clubs meet at reg- ular intervals. Bicycle Club. A Bicycle Club has been organized, and special runs are arranged from time to time. In the gymnasium will be found a bicycle training machine which will prove attrac- tive to cyclists. What It Costs to Join the Hollywood Inn Club. Three dollars entitles any man of Yonkers or vicinity to a full year's privilege of the library, reading rooms, games, pool and bil- liards, tub baths, bowling alleys and shuffle boards, entertainment and lecture course. An additional charge of $1 entitles the hold- er to the gymnasium privileges, free instruc- tion, swimming pool, shower baths. Fifty cents is charged for the use of a private locker, twenty-five cents being refunded on return of the key. Annual Statement. The annual meeting of the board of di- rectors of the Hollywood Inn was held on Wednesday evening, January 8th, 1902, when the following officers were elected for the ensuing year: Alexander Smith Cochran, president; James E. Freeman, vice-presi- dent; Edwin A. Smith, secretary; Richard Edie, Jr., treasurer. Annual reports were submitted from the different departments. The success of the work of the club in every line is assured. The membership is constantly increasing, there being at this time a total of 1,056 mem- bers. An increased interest is being shown in all departments, and the social work has been greatly augmented by the valuable as- sistance of the Members' General Commit- tee. The average daily attendance is over 200. The various clubs — as the Saturday Night Club, Cricket, Cycle, Football, Base- ball, and Bowling clubs — are engaging the special interests of the various participants There is also an active Deaf Mutes' Club. The Library Committee reported that during the year 8,601 volumes were circulat- ed, an average of 612 per month; attendance in the library during the year, 9,125. Va- rious works on electricity and mechanics, and textbooks in the sciences were added. There are on file 12 daily papers and 53 peri- odicals. The chairman of the finance committee gave detailed statements showing the ex- pense of maintaining the Inn. The subscrip- tions from all sources during the year amounted to $5,070.25. The cost of opera- tion, including the athletic field, was $10,- 945.15. The receipts from natural sources were as follows: Membership, $2,756.50; hall rentals, $997.50; pool and billiards, $896.93; bowling and shuffle-board, $1,672.55; bath towels, etc., $48.65; total, $5,772.13. The financial statement reveals the fact that it costs about $5,000 over the normal income from house receipts to operate the club. SUMMARY OF ADVANTAGES OF THE CLUB. What it is and What it Costs. Less Than a Cent a Day. Social and Smoking Room. Card and game tables, piano, etc. Games for use of members. Shuffle-board. Three boards ; costing two and a half cents a game each player. Bowling Alleys. Four magnificent new alleys. Seven and a half cents per game each player. Billiard and Pool Room. Thirteen tables. Pool, 2c per cue; bil- liards, 30c per hour. Gymnasium. Thoroughly equipped and under the care of a professional trainer. Six classes a week, afternoon and evening. Members also have free medical examinations in this department. Locker and dressing rooms adjoining. Athletic Field. A seven acre enclosed field, with cinder running track, baseball, tennis and foot- ball grounds. Club house with lockers and shower bath. Swimming Pool, Shower and Needle Baths. The finest tub, shower and needle baths in Yonkers. 82 HOLLYWOOD INN CLUB. Popular Monthly Entertainments and Lecture Course. Each member is entitled to two tickets free on application at the oflfice two weeks in advance of each entertainment or lec- ture. Always first-class performances. Monthly Smokers, Members' Meeting and Debating Club. Music, practical talks and debates. Employment Bureau. All persons who can furnish work or who know of vacancies to be filled, will con- fer a ^eat favor by communicating with the superintendent. Penny Provident Fund. Deposits from one cent to one dollar re- ceived at the General Office, week days from 3 to 6 p. m. Monday and Friday from 7 to 9 p. m. This, in a general way, is what member- ship in the Inn affords. A member not only enjoys the Club himself, but his family may as well. No club in the world gives more for the price of membership than the Hollywood Inn, and there is no better place to meet one's friends and spend pleasant and profit- able evenings. The club stands open the entire week. At- tendants always ready to show members ev- ery attention. It is the aim of the Hollywood Inn Club to attract the men of Yonkers and vicinity to its rooms by offering them opportunities for reading, recreation, companionship, en- tertainment and physical training. The reading room and library are open Sundays from 1:30 to 10 p. m. THEY RAISED THE LINEMAN'S SALARY In speaking of the terrors of the Slav tongue, Opie Read remarked that a druggist in the heart of the Russian colony in Chi- cago recently had a telephone instrument installed in his place for the accommodation of his patrons, says the Argonaut. The min- ute the first user of the 'phone began to talk Russian into the receiver, the wire kinked into small knots, like a tensely-twisted string. They couldn't do a thing to meet the emergency until one of the telephone linemen, who had once attempted to do mis- sionary work in a Russian settlement in Minnesota, replaced the smooth, insulated copper strand with the ordinary barb wire. That jagged medium proved a perfect means of transmission for Russian speech. LITTLE PITCHERS HAVE BIG EARS. Papa — Where's my umbrella? I'm sure I put it in the hall stand with the others last evening. Willie— I guess Mabel's beau took it when he went home last night. Mabel— Why, Willie! The idea! Willie— Well, when he was sayin' good night to you I heard him say: "I'm goin' to steal just one." — Exchange. MISERLY. He — They say that he is a regular miser. She — I should say so! Every time he pays you a compliment he hesitates as though he's waiting for a receipt for it. Quarters of the Head-Gate Keeper of Reservoirs No. 2 and No. 3, Southwest of Minnequa Works, Pueblo. EMERGENCY TREATMENT. 83 J*^ Hospital Bureau of Information ^| EMERGENCY TREATMENT IV. Just as we have a shoulder girdle to sup- port the arm and aid in protecting the chest, so we have a pelvic girdle to which the lower extremities are attached and which protects the delicate organs of the lower abdomen. The pelvic girdle (see Plates 1-2 accom- panying the second article of this series, issue of July 12) on either side and in front, is formed by a large irregular bone — -the innominata or haunch bone. Behind, the girdle is completed by the sacrum and coccyx. This girdle is of much greater strength than the one of the upper extrem- ity, since this must support the weight of the trunk. The innominata bones can be compared to no known object and are there- fore called innominata or nameless. They are wider above than below and thus form a pelvis or basin. In the female they are wider. On the outer side of each is a deep socket or acetabulum which receives the head of the thigh bone. There is a remarkable similarity between the bones of the upper and lower extremity, both in general arrangement and somewhat in shape. The Thigh. The large thigh bone or femur corre- sponds to the humerus. It has a globular head which is received into the acetabulum. Its neck passes almost horizontally outward to join the shaft so as to keep the shaft at a proper distance from the pelvis and thus to give greater latitude to motions. The neck thus situated is a weak spot in the bone, and when broken, produces a "frac- ture of the hip." Where the neck joins the shaft are two tuberosities, giving attach- ment to muscles. The shaft is long, very strong, and gradually spreads out at its lower extremity so as to give a large sur- face where it enters into the knee joint. The Leg. The leg, like the forearm, contains two bones, the tibia and the fibula. The tibia or shin bone is just beneath the skin for a long distance and lies to the inner side of the fibula. Being situated in so exposed a position the skin over it is frequently in- jured. Blows upon it hurt more because the skin is stretched tight and cannot give upon soft parts beneath but is knocked against the bone. The tibia is very strong and supports the femur. The fibula is much smaller and while it does not form part of the knee joint, it is important in giving at- tachment to most of the large muscles of the calf. Both of the bones form a dome at the ankle, into which the ankle bones are received. The "Knee Cap." Situated in front of the knee and thus protecting it and at the same time giving attachment to the large muscles forming the front of the thigh, is the knee cap, or patella. Its shape can be readily made out by relaxing the muscles of the thigh — as by standing on one leg and allowing the other to hang loosely. The knee cap of the latter will then become freely movable. The Ankle Bones. The seven ankle or tarsal bones are ar- ranged somewhat like the carpals of the wrist, but are much larger and stronger. They are peculiar in producing the arch of the foot. This arch is of great importance to us in that it eases many of the jars we receive as well as gives us a "spring" in walking. When this arch gives way flat foot is produced. This is likely to occur among those who stand a great deal. Therefore it is often seen among such peo- ple as waiters, whose peculiar waddling gait is sometimes due to it. Bones of the Toes. Extending from the tarsal bones are the five metatarsals and from these, in turn, the fourteen phalanges, arranged just as they are in the hand. The phalanges of the toes are much shorter than of the fingers and, with the exception of a few people who wear sufficiently large shoes, terribly de- formed. Corns and the Cause of Them. Some time watch a baby as he twists his feet about. The natural position ?or his FRONT VIEW. Bones of Thigh, Leg, Ankle and Foot. back view. 1 Femur. 2 Head. 3 Neck. 4 Greater trochanter. 5 Lesser trochanter. 6 Internal condyle. 7 External condyle. 8 Patellar facet. 9 Popliteal surface. 10 Tibia. U Internal malleolus. 12 Fibula. 13 External malleolus. 14 Tarsus. 15 Metatarsus. 16 Phalane-ea. HINTS ON HYGIENE. 85 great toe is almost straight up and eacli of the other little fellows are almost as movable as his fingers. Then watch him after he has worn shoes for a short time. The toes overlap, they become twisted, the mobility of some of the joints is almost wholly lost and later callouses appear on the prominent places. These callouses, pressing upon the bones immediately be- neath, cause pain and the victim may won- der why he has corns- — for such they are. Nature does not intend that we should climb up poles with our feet, as Japanese acrobats in almost every circus do, but she does want us to have feet large enough and strong enough to support our bodies. Pinch them, therefore, and we are reminded that nature has a cruel punishment in store for us. HINTS ON hygiene: IV. Water. Water comprises so large a portion of the bulk of the body; it is so necessary for internal cleansing (to say nothing of the external) ; and so much depends on a prop- er supply and a proper purity that, inas- much as the subject could hardly be classed as a dry one, I shall devote some little time to its consideration. Water — Its Constituents and Various Forms. Not so very long ago, water was regard- ed as one of the chemical elements, but now we know it to be made up of two ele- ments, hydrogen and oxygen. Both of these are gases, but when united they form water, which is liquid at ordinary temper- atures. In rain we find it in its purest form, but even here many other materials principally gases, are incorporated into it, owing to its dissolving them out of the air in passing to the earth. After falling to the ground part of it flows along the sur- face, uniting with other streams to reach a river or sea; part soaks into the earth to feed an underground spring or well; part is vaporized and rises into the air again to fall as rain, snow or dew. Before it penetrates the earth, rain water has no odor nor color nor taste — it Is '"flat" and not very palatable. But in its passage through the soil it dissolves many of the salts and minerals. These give it a certain palatability and a delightful sparkle which is altogether absent in newly fallen rain or in distilled water. Sometimes, however, an excessive amount of mineral matter is absorbed, due most often to the conditions of the soil in that locality — then we have what is termed a mineral water and many medicinal prop- erties are ascribed to it. Causes of Diarrhoea, Typhoid Fever and Cholera. Again, the water may pass through a soil which is rich in organic matter or de- composing material, and very harmful sub- stances are dissolved out or mechanically mixed with it. Sometimes a well which supplies a large number of people becomes polluted in this way by water draining through an area of soil of this nature. Then it will be noticed that sickness breaks out among those who use it. If only a large amount of alkalis have been added, diarrhoea may be the principal symptom; but if much decomposing mate- rial has been emptied into the well, ty- phoid fever or even cholera may break out from its use. In these latter cases the germs have been carried into the well, and when introduced into the human body through the drinking water, they multiply rapidly and cause the disease. How to Avoid Danger of These Diseases. The best means to obviate these occur- rences is to have the source of water sup- ply so far removed from all outhouses and cesspools and so situated that water which drains through these places cannot seep into it. A good precaution is to have the upper ten feet of the well bricked around or macadamized so that no surface water can penetrate it. Lower down it will not make so much difference, as in its passage through the soil, water tends to purify it- self of germs and organic matter — the sand and gravel acting as a filter. If this can not be thoroughly done or if sickness still results from its use, all water used for drinking purposes or for cleansing the teeth must be boiled for at least five minutes. This kills the germs and renders the water once more fit for use. DOMESTIC SCIENCE IV. Composition of Foods. Foods contain certain elements Indis- pensable to life, namely: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. A more simple class- 86 SOCIAL SCIENCE. ification is sometimes made by calling all foods nitrogenous and non-nitrogenous. Complete and Incomplete Foods. The complete are such as eggs and milk, which in a single article comprise all the necessary ingredients and elements to sup- port life. Incomplete foods are capable of maintaining life for a comparatively short time only. . Of the nitrogenous and non- nitrogenous there are animal and vegetable foods. Animal Foods. The animal foods consist of meats, fowl, fish, shell fish, and crustaceans, eggs, milk and its products, animal fats, and gelatin. Vegetable Foods. The vegetable foods are sub-divided into cereals, vegetables proper, fruits, sugars, and vegetable oils. Most foods or at least vegetable foods, must be combined with pure water to be properly and pal- atably cooked. If the vegetable or cereal has to be boiled for hours, it is not hard to find water in which to cook them, be- cause the process of boiling kills or de- stroys every germ or impurity which the water may contain. On the other hand if the cereal or vegetable cannot be boiled, then by all means if it be possible use scald- ed milk or water which has been boiled. If one could live in a country where spring water abounds or frequent showers can be depended upon, then use the one most con- venient as they are both safe, simply be- cause spring water runs through earth or gravel and rain water is practically dis- tilled water, and these two are the best for both drinking and cooking. The cooking, serving and planning for a household is never appreciated by an out- sider, and quite frequently it is not appre- ciated by the members of a family, who see their mother, sister or wife doing it day after day, and yet always remaining cheerful. SOCIAI^ science: IV. Home Decoration — Exterior. In the last number of Camp and Plant the article under the heading of Social Science suggested that in the making of an ideal home more than decorations, more than wealth of building or furniture, is the attitude of the people themselves toward the home and toward each other. We shall attempt, in this and several succeeding ar- ticles, to suggest a few other factors of the ideal home, of which none is alone suf- ficient, but each is auxiliary, contributing its own modest share. Vines and Flowers Often Make Ugly Dwell- ings Beautiful Homes. In the camps few of us own our homes and so cannot prescribe the ornamentation of our houses, so far as finishings and paint are concerned. In a few camps also water is too scarce to permit of its being used for irrigating purposes. But where there is a sufficiency of water the commonest house may be made pretty. Give to a house a few vines, surround it with a yard of green grass in which are a few beds of flowers and two or three trees and you have trans- formed it entirely. You have changed it from a mere house and lot into a home, from what was, although perhaps not an ugly, at best an indifferent dwelling place, to a spot whereon the eye rests with sat- isfaction and enjoyment and in which the whole family may take especial pride. Beautiful Homes Make Beautiful Children. Remember, too, that, in the last analysis, while giving all due credit to kindergarten and school and other educational factors, the place where the child receives its most lasting impressions and its most influential training is in the home. The value of art and aesthetic training in the school is to a great extent offset if the child does not find some counterpart of it in the home. The highest authorities in psychology, or science of the mind, tell us that children are most impressionable during the period between the fourth and tenth years. How essential is it then that at this susceptible age the child be surrounded in the home by beauty and good taste, by cheerfulness, by kindness and by sympathy in order that these qualities may be photographed upon his pure, sensitive nature, as objects in the sunlight upon the sensitized plate of the camera. An Example of What Can Be Done. The accompanying cut, on page 87, shows a home which, externally at least, approach- es the ideal. Over the sides of the house and the fence run vines, trained into a pretty arch over the gateway. Instead of a continuous patch of brown sand a yard of delicious green grass with some growing trees meets the eye. In the foreground are beds of sweet peas and bachelor but- HOSPITAL BULLETIN. 87 tons, along the side fence a beautiful row of sweet peas, and in the rear, hollyhocks and poppies in profusion. The house itself is plain and old — almost ugly — the plain board fence anything but handsome in itself, the yard originally brown sand with a sparse growth of dusty weeds. But how as if by magic has it been transformed into a ver- itable paradise! Perhaps the best feature is that the neigh- bors all along the street, seeing how much can be done with so little trouble, are fall- ing in line and likewise beautifying their homes. Alexander, Robert, of Walsenburg, who was sent to the hospital May 16 because of an abscess on the stump of an amputated leg, and who was again operated upon on June 10, is nearly recovered. Anderson, S. P., of Sopris, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 12 on account of an injured hand, caused by a premature explosion of dynamite, is nearly well. Areman, N., of Primero, who was admit- An Example of What Can be Done With Vines. One can not help feeling astonished at the comparative ease with which such a transformation may be brought about. A little use of the spade and rake, a little water, a few seeds, and a little care and attention each day are all the magic neces- sary. Why Don't You Try It? Try it yourself and see how much pleas- ure you will find in beautifying your prem- ises and how much more attractive your home will be to you. They Don't Live in Vine-Clad Cottages. "Papa, what is a marriage in high life?" "Two vacant hearts entirely surrounded by cash." ted to the hospital July 16 on account of a contused head, is doing well. Brothers, Felix, of Tercio, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 6 with a lacer- ated arin, is doing well. Brown, William, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July 16 with a fractured right tibia and left femur, is doing nicely. Burbaker, W. E., of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 9 on account of a contused foot, is doing well. Chappetti, Pete, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 with a hepatic abscess (abscess of the liver), was operated upon July 5 and is improving. Conzoni, James, of Brookside, who was HOSPITAL BULLETIN. sent to the hospital July 8 ill with typhoid fever, will go home soon Coffee, Chris, of Laramie, who was sent to the hospital June 25 because of lumbago, went home July 22. Conti, Dana, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with two l)roken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg. He 's doing nicely and will be about soon. Davenport, Harry, of Segundo, who was sent to the hospital July 9 with lacerations of the scalp, has gone to Denver and Colo- rado Springs on a visit. Dunali, James, of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital July 8 on account of a burned eye, is doing nicely. Framarme, Frank, of Trinidad, an em- ploye of the Colorado & Wyoming Railway (Southern Division), who entered the hos- pital July 9 and who is being treated for lacerations of his hand, is doing nicely. Franzino, C, of Engleville, who was ad- mitted to the hospital May 18, is doing nicely and is about the yard. Freil, James, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 7 on account of a broken forearm, is doing well. Gratt, Josie,, of Primero, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 8 on account of a fractured leg is now walking about. Hall, J. E., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 9, on account of pleurisy, went home July 19. Hegedus, Joseph, of Primero, who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is now about the yard. Lobasti, August, of Lime, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 7 with a sprained back, is recovering nicely. Marola, John, of Spring Gulch, who came to the hospital July 18 because of an in- fected right arm, is doing well. Michelich, George, of Coalbasin, who was a.lmitted to the hospital May 3, on account of a fractured leg, is walking around. Moschetti, John, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July 5 suffering from ty- phoid fever, went home July 22. Moskita, Mike, of Coal Creek, was admit- ted to the hospital July 30, with a hypopyon ulcer, and is doing fairly well. Osterman, Andy, of the Laramie rolling mills, who was admitted to the hospital June 15, on account of lacerations over his eye, is improving. Pagnolta, Forte, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25, on account of a contused head, is improving. Pergeroni, Angelo, of Primero, who came to the hospital July 16 with a contused foot, is now going about the yard. Perrin, W. G., of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 21 on account of lumbago, is improving. Polhill, B. F., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 18, suffering from typhoid fever, is convalescing. Rose, Peter, of Coalbasin, who was sent to the hospital July 16 on account of a compound fracture of the right arm, is do- ing well. Ruybalid, Lewis, of Orient, was admitted to the hospital April 12 with a compound fracture of his left thigh. It was feared at first that his leg might have to be ampu- tated, but it has been saved. Ruybalid is now improving slowly. San Martina, Savina, of Sopris, who was sent to the hospital June 27 on account of a contused head, is doing well. Selmenia, Philip, of Tabasco, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 20 on account of a broken leg, is walking about. He will go home soon. Serri, G., of Rouse, who was admitted to the hospital March 5 with a broken leg, and who developed an abscess of the back, now is walking about. Silba, Chris, of Tabasco, who was sent to the hospital July 11 on account of ty- phoid fever, is doing well. Vavra, Malachi, of Brookside, who was admitted to the hospital July 17, ill with typhoid fever, is doing well. Vito, Cresto, of Sunrise, who was admitted to the hospital May 4, on account of a broken leg, is now doing well. Wallace, William, of Segundo, who was admitted to the hospital July 5, on account of bruises about the body, caused by fall- ing down a shaft, is improving. Hard Work, But He Did. Briggs — What was it that first prompted you to make love to Miss Goldstacks? Griggs — I wanted to prove to my own satisfaction that I could really love her in spite of her great wealth. — Life. EL MORO— FIERRO. 89 CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIOIiOGICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE COLORADO FUEL AND IRON COMPANY AND DEVOTED TO NEWS FBOH THE MINES AND HILLS LAWRENCE LEWIS Editoe Denver Pueblo offices : Boston Building, Room 720 Minnequa Hospital Subscription Price - $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Saturday, July 26, 1902 JS^ NEIVS ITEMS JS^ EL MORO. A very enjoyable picnic was held on the Fourth by a number of El Moro people. The site chosen was a beautiful spot near town under shady box-elders. Hammocks, swings, rugs, cushions, magazines, and a de- lightful lunch all contributed to "drive dull care away," while the air was made merry by clink of quoits and melody of coon songs. The almost omnipresent fire-cracker was conspicuous by its absence and many preferred the song of the birds and the rustle of the leaves to the noisy demonstra- tions of small boys. Those present were: Mr. and Mrs. Douglass, Mr. and Mrs. Ed- wards, Mr. and Mrs. Kirschner, Mr. and Mrs. Whitsell, Mr. and Mrs. Tonner, Mes- dames Erricson, and Holdberg; John Kem- merle, Malcolm Erricson, Misses Grace and Bertha Hendricks, Verna Sonner, Louise Halloran, Belle Kirschner, Edith Knapp and Master Frederick Whitsell and Harold Ed- wards. Signore Giuseppe Maio has been granted permission to hold school for the Italian children during July and August. Mrs. Johnson and daughter. Miss Luella Johnson, a former teacher in the public school, were guests for a day at the home of Charles Whitsell. Louis Douglas has returned from a two months' stay in Gallup, New Mexico, and reports himself as having been in his ele- ment while among the Indians. A charming social evening was spent at the kindergarten last Monday at which dancing was the main feature. Those pres- ent were: Mr. and Mrs. Nesbitt, Mrs. Cook, Mr. and Mrs. Ira E. Edwards, Mr. and Mrs. Douglass, Mr. and Mrs. Mclntyre, Trin- idad; Mrs. Holdberg, Miss Bell Kirschner, Miss Edith Knapp, Miss Eva Nesbitt, Miss Nora Nesbitt, Miss Grace Hendricks, Miss Ollie Collins, Gray Creek; Miss Minnie Cook, Miss Ada Garner, Mr. and Mrs. Charles White; Messrs. John Kemmerle, Porter Hower, Trinidad; Horace Hubbard, William Humphreys, C. W. Wilson, B. M. Garner, Walter Collins, Gray Creek; Burt Hennessey, Maurice Williams, George Cook, Deurascus Allen and Will Garner. The kindergarten is continuing its ses- sion during the summer with a good atten- dance. E. K. FIERRO, N. M. Dr. Beeson is convalescent from a mild attack of typhoid fever. The Gilchrist and DaWson Company has secured the services, as clerk, of Sid. P. Derbyshire of Pinos Altos, New Mexico. W. R. Graham, who so ably has conduct- ed the Santa Fe oflfice here for the past year, has resigned his position with that company and will devote his time and at- tention to his other interests. D. C. Knowles of Deming will fill the vacancy left by Mr. Graham, and will move his family to Fierro so soon as a house is available. Charles L. Dotson, formerly with the Lyons and Campbell Cattle Company, has accepted the position recently left vacant by W. S. McLaughlin as bookkeeper for the Gilchrist and Dawson Company. He will move his family into the Whittemore house. Dr. and Mrs. H. A. Beeson of Ohio are spending a few weeks with their son. Dr. Charles P. Beeson, our company physician. Parties arriving from the Gila hunting grounds, forty-five miles north of Fierro, 90 FIERRO— MINNEQUA WORKS. report game and fish as being very plenti- ful, bear and deer especially so. The night force has been laid off indefi- nitely owing to a shortage of cars. Two carloads of new ore cars arrived last week. They are quite an improvement over the old style. N. E. Cain, the newly appointed general superintendent of the Santa Fe, accom- panied by Chief Engineer Morris of the Grand Western Division; C. M. Taylor, me- chanical superintendent of the Grand West- ern Division; F. C. Fox, superintendent of the New Mexico Division, and J. F. McNally, superintendent of the Rio Grande Division, came in on Thursday the 17th in a special train in charge of Engineer McMurry and Conductor Harrison. This was Mr. Cain's first trip of inspection. C. F. B. Harry Gambridge, of the mason force, took in the Knights of Pythias excursion to Green Mountain Falls last Sunday. D. E. Cheesebrough, chief timekeeper, was off a few days last week. The main entrance to the works will still be in charge of Messrs. Sheehan and Mudd. Johh Gustavson of the roll shop has been off sick. Paul Hargrave and A. M. Clendenen spent last Sunday at Green Mountain Falls and Colorado Springs. The time department has been re-ar- ranged so that now there is a timekeeper for each department. George Rounds has again resumed his du- ties in the time department. C. J. Hall of the casting foundry, re- turned last week from Omaha. A. W. Kennedy and Harry Ravens of the office force took advantage of the opening of the dove season. They had good luck and bagged quite a number of the feathery flock. Robert Blair, clerk at the pipe foundry, has been appointed timekeeper for that de- partment. As soon as a fit day comes around George Laybourn, the official photographer, is go- ing to take a new picture of the oflice building and grounds. Look out for it. Horace Derby has returned from his va- cation spent in the mountains. Thomas J. Gorman, of 1033 Spruce street, drill pressman at the machine shop, is re- joicing over the arrival of a ten-pound baby girl. Bolo Janiska, an employe of the merchant mill, had the index finger of his right han6 so badly mashed that amputation was nec- essary. T. P. George, one of our foremen, spent Sunday at Green Mountain Falls. Arthur Sparrow, of 939 Spruce street, em- ployed as a machinist, is smiling over the arrival of a nine and one-half pound girl. Both mother and baby are doing well. James Callahan has resigned his position as timekeeper and hereafter will have the duties of shipping clerk only. H. L. Gabriel will succeed Mr. Callahan as timekeeper. David Davis, machinist, lost a part of his thumb last week by having it caught in a large trip hammer he was repairing at the blacksmith shop. R. Atkinson, formerly of Detroit, has ac- cepted a position in the general office. J. R. Mihoover has returned from Larned, Kansas, where he went to attend the fu- neral of his mother, who died at that place. He was absent from duty about two weeks. Guy Stevenson, a popular employe of the C. F. & I. oflice force, has been appointed chief clerk of all the shop clerks. He will assume his new duties immediately. Frank Shaw, one of the popular pitchers of the C. F. & I. ball team, visited his par- ents in Denver and spent a few days among, friends in that city. George Roberts, timekeeper, and family visited Beulah last Sunday. Jacob Gotlup received a severe lacera- tion on the scalp while at work on the new ore bins. C. A. Honecker, expert accountant of Chi- cago, is at the Minnequa Works establishing a new "system" of accounts, bookkeeping, timekeeping, etc. He probably will be here for a number of weeks longer. Mr. Hon- ecker is one of the foremost experts in his line in the world. C. F. & I., 17; Neefs, Denver, 4. The Neefs of Denver came down Sunday, July 20, with what was claimed the fastest "bunch" that the C. F. & I. boys had yet. C. F. & I. BASE BALL. 9J met this season, and left as badly defeated as any team we have met this year. The great stick work of the home team is win- ning their games, the ability of each of the boys to hit the ball safely being demon- strated Sunday, when two pitchers were hammered out of the box in the first inning and a total of sixteen hits were made dur- ing the game, six being for extra bases. On the other hand Kennedy, pitcher for the C. F. & I. team, had the visitors at his mercy, allowing them but six hits. The brilliant infield work of Spencer and Rob- son was noticeable. Of the visitors, the superb fielding of McGilvery and Taylor won applause from the grand stand. The tabulated score follows: C. F. & I. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Spencer, third base 6 2 1 3 Hahn, center field 4 3 2 Derby, left field 5 2 2 Robson, short stop 5 2 12 3 Linfoot, first base 5 2 3 12 1 Shaw, right field 5 1 2 Mullen, second base 5 2 3 2 2 1 Graves, catcher 5 2 111 2 Kennedy, pitcher 4 1 1 1 1 Totals 44 17 16 27 11 3 Score by Innings: 123456789 Neefs 3 00 00 1000—4 C. F. & 1 12 2 1 2 *— 17 Walpi, one of the Moqui Indian Villages in Arizona, Where Snake Dances are Held. Neefs. ab. r. lb. po. a. e. Cotton, first base 5 1 4 Cain, third base 5 1 1 4 Logue, short stop 4 1 1 4 Stevenson, second base... 3 113 Martin, r. f. & 2d base 5 11110 McGilvery, left field 5 1 4 Taylor, center field 4 1 3 Reynolds, catcher 3 1 7 1 1 Jones, pitcher & right f.. . 10 Ewing, pitcher 3 1 Totals .38 4 6 24 7 5 Summary: Stolen Bases — Spencer, Groves 2, Derby. Two Base Hits — Hahn, Derby. Three Base Hits— -Linfoot 2, Mullen. Home Run — Kennedy. Double Plays — Mullen to Linfoot; Logue to Martin to Cotton. Bases on Balls — Off Jones 1; off Ewing 2; off Ken- nedy 2. Hit by Pitched Ball — Reynolds. Struck Out — By Kennedy, 13; by Ewing, 7. Passed Balls — Reynolds, 2. Left on Bases — C. F. & L, 5; Neefs, 9. Earned Runs— C. F. & L, 9; Neefs, 1. Umpire — Conway. Scorer — Righter. Time of Game — 2:30. At- tendance — 1.500. 92 REDSTONE. REDSTONE. A. C. Cass and Mrs. Cass, together with Mr. and Mrs. Cass E. Herrington, all of Denver, came in by carriage from Carbon- dale on Sunday, July 13, No. 1 Engine being laid up for repairs and the schedule aban- doned for that day. On Monday's train the following persons Snake Dance of the Moqui Indians in Arizona. THE SNAKE LEGEND. The Snake dance is an elaborate prayer for rain, in which the reptiles are gathered from the fields, intrusted with the prayers of the people, and then given their liberty to bear these petitions to the divinities who can bring the blessings of copious rains to the parched and arid farms of the Hopis. It is also a dramatization of an ancient half-mythic, half-historic legend dealing with the origin and migration of the two fraternities which celebrate it, and by transmission through unnumbered generations of priests has become conventionalized to a degree, and possibly the actors themselves could not now explain the significance of every detail of ^he ritual. The story is of an ancestral Snake-youth, Ti-yo, who, pondering the fact that the water of the river flowed ever in the same direction past his home without returning or filling up the gorge below, adven- turously set out to ascertain what became of it. He carried with him, by paternal gift, a pre- cious box containing some eagle's down and a variety of prayer-sticks (pahos) for presentation to the Spider-woman, the Ancient of the Six Cardinal Points, the Woman of the Hard Substance (such as turquoise, coral and shell), the Sun, and the underworld divinity who makes all the germs of life. The Spider- woman was propitiated and cordially became his coun- selor and guide. She prepared a liquid charm to be taken in the mouth and spurted upon angry beasts and snakes for their pacification, and perched herself Invis- ibly on his ear. Then through the sipapu they plunged to the underworld. There, following floating wisps of the eagle's down, they journeyed from place to place, safely passing the great snake Gato-ya, and savage wild beast sentinels, visiting Hi-canavaiya, who determines the path of the rain-clouds, and Hi-zriingwikti, the ancient woman who every night becomes an enchanting maiden; had a smoke with Ta-wa, the Sun, and went with him to inspect the place where he rises; meeting Muiyingwuh on the way and receiving friendly assurances from that creative di- vinity. He rode across the sky on the Sun's shoulder and saw the whole world, and learned from his flaming charioteer that the possession most dearly to be prized was the rain-cloud. So he re- turned to the kiva near the great snake, and from the Snake-Antelope men there learned what songs to sing, what prayer-sticks to fashion and how to paint his body, that the rain-cloud might come. The chief gave him much important paraphernalia, and two maidens who knew the charm preventing death from the bite of the rattlesnake. These maidens Tiyo took home, giving one to his younger brother, where the youthful couples took up their abode in separate kivas. At night low clouds trailed over the village, and Snake people from the underworld came from them and went into the klvas. On the following morning they were found in the valleys, trans- formed into reptiles of all kinds. This occurred for four days. Then (ninth morning) the Snake maidens said, "We understand this; let the younger brothers (the Snake Society) go out and bring them all in and wash their heads, and let them dance with you." This was done, and prayer- meal sprinkled upon them, and then they were carried back to the valleys, and they returned to the Snake kiva of the underworld bearing the petitions of all the people. (Condensed from the account by J. Walter Fewkes. in Jour. Am. Ethn. and Arch., Vol. IV.) REDSTONE— SOPRIS— SUNRISE. 93 arrived: J. P. Thomas, division superin- tendent; Franl< Young, division engineer, and Glynn Stannard, Mr. Young's assistant. James Stewart, superintendent at Coal- basin, visited Redstone on Wednesday, the 16th instant. W. E. Damon departed for headquarters in Denver Monday morning and those trout left in Crystal River are thanking their lucky stars. E. H. Grubb spent Friday afternoon here, and hooked a nice basket of speckled beau- ties. We have had this week some delightful rains which cooled the air and refreshed the verdure on the hills. E. H. Williams has opened the barber shop in the Redstone Inn. All the young men in town vote him a master of the ton- sorial art. Miss Helen Hicks, and her sister, Mrs. Sturgis of New York, left for Glenwood Springs on Friday morning. The ladies will spend a few days there and return to Red- stone. J. C. Osgood is expected back from New York in a few days. We regret to chronicle that Mrs.. Osgood has been quite prostrated for a few days by a severe attack of la grippe. A. T. SOPRIS. Mr. and Mrs. M. P. Whitney and baby Madeline have returned from a six weeks' visit to their old home in Illinois. Their many friends are glad of their return. Mr. Whitney is the station agent here. Mrs. Williams, wife of the chief clerk, leaves for Lioti, Kansas, Monday, to visit her father, Colonel Burnes, who is very ill. Sopris Hotel had seventy guests at din- ner on July 18. Among these were ten fine looking young men and two gentlemen with their families, all from West Virginia. All came here to work in the mines, having been "imported" by a C. F. & I. agent. From their appearance we think Sopris will be greatly benefited by their presence. A social dance will be given at Lincoln Hall July 19. Ice cream and cake will be served. Mrs. Anna Marshall, of Hastings, Ne- braska, a prominent club woman of many social attainments, is in camp. "Abe" Thompson, our genial store man- ager, is off on a ten days' camping trip. Mr. and Mrs. Marshall, Mr. Moyer, Miss Minnie Maxwell and several others, will constitute a camping party for an outing at Stonewall in the near future. Mr. and Mrs. C. W. Mcllvain leave on July 21 for a visit to relatives in Canon City. Dr. Jaffa, the "supply," is kept busy look- ing after patients. Miss Pendergast, our former cooking school teacher, made her many warm friends a kindly call last week. D. P. SUNRISE, WYO. Superintendent J. D. Gilchrist returned last Saturday from New Mexico. Engineer R. R. Sterling and "party" are doing some survey work around camp. H. H. Holmes returned Thursday from a short visit to Denver and Colorado Springs. Mrs. R. M. Lee and little daughter of Car- rollton, Missouri, are visiting Mr. and Mrs. R. G. Crouch and Dr. H. C. Lee. Paymaster Gallop came in Thursday with the monthly pay checks. Foreman J. W. Adams returned Wednes- day from a short visit to Denver. H. C. L. Crowds at the Pearly Gates. Attendant — Another large party has just arrived outside, sir. St. Peter — Volcanoes or automobiles? Now You're Engaged. Now you're engaged to Dick, Marie, I wonder philosophically What fate will seize the tender score Of verse impassioned, rhymes galore That wasted midnight oil for me. Perhaps you'll burn them — it may be You'll keep them, read them as before And yawn to find how poets bore, Now you're engaged. You will return them — probably. Well — so the others did, all three. Their primal freshness I'll restore. Insert a different name once more And post them to another She, Now you're engaged. — Theodosia Garrison in Life. 94 ITALIAN STORY. C RISTOFORO COLOMB O Narrazlone Storica compilata sulle opere dl suo figlio Fernando; di Antonio Gallo, suo contemporaneo e sugli scritti degli storici e critici posteriori: se- guita da un inno popolare Colombiano musicato dal M. Giovanni Basso. XIII. SULL' OCEANO. E le tre caravelle viaggiavano per 1' Ocea- no misterioso! La bandiera ammiraglia, issata sull' al- bero maestro della Santa Maria, sventolava lietamente alia brezza. Non la piu leggiera nuvola offendeva la purezza cristallina del cielo, non un soffio insolente agitava le onde turchine del mare. Le tre navi, camminan- do a breve distanza 1' una dall altra, in modo ehe a un segnale dell' ammiraglio i coman- dantl delle due minor! potessero accorrere a ricever gli ordini, a vele spiegate s' in- oltravano nelle acque profonde del largo, e i marinai, addossati ai parapetti verso la poppa, guardavano muti e commossi il ra- pido sparire delle spiagge, 1' abbassarsi delle piu alte montagne, 1' attenuarsi e lo sfu- mare nell' aria del promontori. Rivedreb- bere essi mai piu quelle terre? la cara pat- ria, il nido riposto dei loro affetti, il cimi- tero del villaggio dove riposavano i corpi dei parenti, si offrirebbero piu ai loro occhi? Bisogna anehe dire, per scemare la colpa di quelli che durante la traversata ebbero un po' in confuso il pensiero di ribellarsi, che non tutti quel marinai erano saliti a bordo volontariamente. Cosi, per esempio, si sa dagli storici che la citta di Palos, aveva 1' obbligo, per certi diretti della Corona di Spagna, di dare ogni anno un determinato numero di gente di mare al governo; e Co- lombo, a cut ne fu lasciata la scelta, 6 na- turale che prendesse quelli che parevano a lui piu animosi. Un vecchio pilota, fra gli altri, un certo Inigo che aveva passato cinquant' anni sul mare, e un sotto-timoniere della Santa Maria non avevano obbedito che a malincuore: e in quel glorno della partenza, accucciati presso 11 timone nell' ora che era finito il loro turno, guardavano con occhio inquieto le coste fuggenti della Spagna, e le insena- ture della terra che rimpiccolivano d' ora in ora fino a parere una sottile striscia di nebbia. II sotto-timoniere, di nome Rodrigo, ruppe primo il silenzio, con un gran sospiro che gli sollevd il petto scoperto, un petto tutto bruciato dal sole. E voltosi al compagno gli disse: — Per Santa Maria della Rabida, io non sono superstizioso; ma ti giuro che quando stamani all' alba abbiamo sciolte le vele, e che ho veduto per 1' ultima volta la collina verde dietro alia citta, una voce qui dentro mi ha sussurrato che non la dovro piu rivedere neppur dopo morto. B perche 1' altro scrollava il capo senza dir nulla, il giovanotto riprese con un po' di stizza: — Mi pare che a te prema poco di vivere o di morire, vecchia carcassa sdrucita, che ne hai passate delle belle ai tuoi giorni! Ma dimmi tu se ti par giusta che carne bat- tezzata sia spinta a casaccio in un mare che nessuno conosce, e agli ordini di un am- miraglio che parla anche male la nostra lingua, e che non si sa che prove abbia date di saperne un po' piu degli altri. Rispon- dimi, vecchio lupo; e dimmi se ti par giusta. — Per r inferno, no che non mi par gi- usta! E Inigo a voce bassa: Bisogna anche esser matti da legare, per suppore che nei racconti dell' ammiraglio ci sia un' ombra di fondamento. Io sono una vecchia carcassa, secondo te, ma tal quale mi vedi, saprei condurti diritto fino alle Indie Orientali, perche il mare mi con- osce, e io conosco lui. Qui invece non mi raccapezzo. Che cosa e questa diavoleria dl voler cercare un' altra strada per arri- vare alle Indie? E che bisogno ce n' era? E chi dice che da quella parte ci sieno delle terre non ancora scoperte? — Ah dunque non lo credi neanche tu! rispose Rrodrigo. E che cosa andiamo noi a fare da questa parte? Vedere acqua e sem- pre acqua, cielo e sempre cielo! — E fossero soltanto acque come queste, ripigliava il vecchio pilota, accennando con la mano abbronzata fuor della nave, non mancherebbe modo di difendersi. Ma lo sai tu di che mostri questo Oceano 6 popo- lato? Io, io te lo dir6. Sono bestiacce en- ormi e terribili, e se ne trovano a centinaia di migliaia. Una soltanto di loro basterebbe ITALIAN STORY. 95 a tirar givl negli abissi profondi il vascello piu grosso che sia oggi nei porti della Spag- na; e credi a me, queste nostre navi sareb- bero tutte e tre ingoiate in un boccone. — Misericordia di Dio! interruppe il gio- vane Rodrigo spalancando tanto d' occhi. E come faremo per poteri difendere? E non e tutto ancoral Ci sono i mostri nel mare, ma ci sono anche nell' aria. C e il Roch per esempio.... — II Roch? e che diavolo §? — E un animale immenso, fatto come gli uccelli, e ha le ali smisurate che al para- gone le nostre vele diventano piccole pic- cole. E sai tu che cosa fa? Piomba dall' alto air improvviso come un castigo di Dio, apre il becco che 6 grande come da cui a laggiu, e per quanto una nave sia grossa e carica di merci e d' uomini, se la piglia in bocca come farebbe 1' aquila con una gallina, € la solleva lassu lassu fino al cielo, dove gli uomini non possono piu respirare, e dove a venderla di sotto parebbe come un gomi- tolo di cotone. E a un certo punto 1' ani- male si diverte col becco a stritolarla pez- zo per pezzo,.e quando addenta un uomo lo divide come il beccaio fa alle vitelle, e i mostri del mare che aspettano a bocca aper- ta ricevono i poveri resti sanguinosi che cascano a uno a uno dal cielo. Dimmi un po': ti pare una bella prospettiva esser man- giati cosi? Eh? E 11 vecchio lupo scrollava ancora la testa, con la visibile soddisfazione dell' uomo che si accorge di avere ottenuto un grande ef- fetto. Altri marinai durante il racconto si erano avvicinati ai due interlocutori, e tutti impensieriti si guardavano. II vecchio alzo le spalle, con sprezzante alto di superiorita € di noncuranza, e concluse filosoficamente cosi: — Ma in ballo ci siamo, e bisogna starci. ■Chi sa come flniremol E ridendo d' un suo riso volgare e grosso- lano, che gli transformava la faccia rugosa in una specie di graticola, aggiunse: — In quanto a me, ho gusto d' una cosa: €d e che i signori mostri troveranno la mia carce un po' dura anche per i loro denti. La facezia non suscito ilaritS,; era troppo grande le preoccupazione. — E poi, e poi, prese a dire uno dei nuovi arrivati, che cosa ne dite di quell' altra storiella che vogliono darci a here, che si deve andare con le nostre navi di Ik, sotto al punto dove siamo ora? Lo dice anche il proverbio, alia discesa tutti i santi aiutano; ma a tornare addietro vi ci voglio! e vor- rei che 1' ammiraglio mi spiegasse come faremo una volta ruzzolati di Ih, a risalire e ad arrampicarsi sulla palla della terra come se fossimo tanti ranocchi, ammesso sempre che la terra sia fatta come una palla. SI scende, non e vero? diciamolo pure; ma poi? dove troveremo noi un colpo di vento tanto forte che sia capace a respingere in su le navi? — E vero, 6 vero! mormorarono in di- versi: a questo non ci si era mica pensato! E se passiamo di Ik, e se le navi devono toccar sempre 1' acqua, vuol dire che gli alberi con le vele rimarranno capovolti, e noi staremo col capo in giil, e le gambe . . . Ohe, ohe, non ci si raccapezza piu niente!" Ee di sproposito in sproposito, quel poveri marinai ignoranti rifacevano senza saperlo. la ridicola storia di tutte le obieziono mosse a Colombo prima della partenza: cosicchg se r ammiraglio fosse stato 11 vicino a sen- tire, non si sarebbe davvero compiaciuto della molta intelligenza dei suoi uomini; ma non avrebbe provato il menomo stupore, gi- acche le medesime puerility s' erano fatte correre come assiomi della University di Salamanca. Colombo sapeva che con la sua gente ig- norantissima, me delle cose di mare assai esperta, bisognava fino a un certo punto saper giocar d' astuzia, e cosi fece. Ingan- no le ciurme delle tre navi con una serie di bugie che servissero volta per volta a tran- quillezzarle; e s ee da deplorare la necessi- ta deir inganno, bisogna anche dirlo un in- ganno provvidenziale: perche in grazia sua furono remossi i gravi pericoli di una ri- volta, che poteva mandare a picco tutte le speranze del gran condottlero. Mentre la conversazione continuava con animazione crescente, 1' ammiraglio apparve air improvviso sul castello di poppa. I marinai tacquero alzandosi, e toglien- dosi di capo i grossi berretti rossi di lana. Colombo sorrise loro, ma dal silenzio in- dovino che il tema dei discorsi non doveva essere addirittura favorevole a lui. Chiese conto al timoniere in che ordine sarebbe fatto il servizio, poi dette cenno agli adu- nati che tornasse ognuno alle proprie fac- cende, e sull' estrema .punta della nave si strinse a colloquio con due suoi fidi: Bar- nardino di Tapia, che, come i lettori sanno gia, era stato dal governo nominate istorio- 96 ITALIAN STORY. grafo della spedizione, e Luiz de Torres, 1' ebreo fatto cristiano, meraviglioso conosci- tore di molte lingue, 1' interprete presso le nazioni che si scoprirebbero. Ma lo strano 6 che nessuno sapeva quali lingue adopras- sero quei selvaggi di la da venire! Luigi Torres era un bel tipo. Grottesca flgura d' uomo piccolo, col naso adunco come il becco della civetta, ma sciupacchiato e bitorzoluto a causa del vai- uolo che gli era toccato da p^ccino, egli ave- va le gambe ercoline, e quel' tenerle sempre in arco pareva derivasse dal gran peso, sproporzionato alia statura, d' una pingue- dine che i lunghi viaggi non erano riusciti a fermare. Si sarebbe, detto che egli ingras- sasse a vista d' occhio, e gli amici affer- mavano ridendo di lui, essere la paura che lo faceva ingrassare. Perch6 c' erano in lui due sentimenti sem- pre in lotta: un maledetto spavento di tro- varsi a mal partito, e per conseguenza una gran voglia di starsene quieto e riposato in casa sua; e dall' altra parte una smania di guadagno, e un desiderio di fama e di gloria che lo spingevano a cacciarsi anche in un pericolo, quando egli vedesse una probability di avvantaggiarsene e di cavarne profitto. Si potrebbe dire di lui ch' egli avesse due epidermidi: quella vecchia che si accartocciava per il terrore ad ogni mini- mo sofflo di vento, e la nuova pelle di con- vertito al cristianesimo: religione che egli glurava di avere abbracciata, perchg Dio gli aveva fatto la grazia di aprirgli gli occhi alia verita. Quando la seconda pelle, quella di cristiano battezzato, prendeva il disopra non c' era nessuno che potesse competere col Torres per audacia di propositi, e per spacconate numero uno: ma bastava un nul- la, perchfe r antica scorza rifiorisse su quell' altra ancora troppo sottile, tanto sottile che pareva un velo di cipoUa; e allora, su quel suo viso butterato, la paura si manifestava in tali smorfie grottesche, che la gente non riflniva mai di ridere. Era divoratore di libri, si che per il tempo suo passava per uno del sapienti di Spagna, e con una miracolosa facility al apprendere le lingue, chiese e facilmente ottenne il per- messo di seguire come interprete la spedi- zione alle Indie: parendogli umano e hello, diceva lui, aiutare in mezzo ai seloaggi la diffusione del cristianesimo, ma in realta preso anche lui, come qualunque altre all' amo della speranze di poter raccogliere molto oro. Allegro compagno del resto, e racconta- tore lepidissimo di aneddoti, era diventato presto amicone di tutti a bordo della Santa Maria, e neppure Colombo sdegnava ogni tanto di provocarlo a raccontare qualche storiella, specialmente se il Torres era di buon umore per qualche bella mangiata, Ghiotto e mangiatore fino all' intemperanza vendeva spesso agli ufficiali un aneddoto saporito per qualche gustoso manicaretto, di cui sentisse in distanza 1' odore, nei giorni che anche a bordo si faceva un po' di bal- doria. I] pilota Inigo, che non poteva patirlo, diceva di lui che avrebbe fatto peggio di Esau: non la primogenitura avrebbe ven- duta per un piatto di lenti, ma per un pezzo di carne arrostita si sarebbe fatto circonci- dere un' altra volta, ingannando al mede- simo tempo Cristo e Mose. (Continua.) But the Daughter Was Prettier. The following story is told in the Pitts- burg Bulletin of Rudyard Kipling's maternal grandfather, the Rev. George B. McDonald, a Wesleyan clergyman: It is related of this gentleman that in the days when he was courting the lady whom he afterwards married, the father-in- law to be — an aged Methodist with extreme- ly strict notions in regard to the proprieties — was injudicious enough on one occasion to enter the parlor without giving any warn- ing of his approach. The consequence was that he found the sweethearts occupying a single chair. Deeply shocked by this spectacle, the old man solemnly said: "Mr. McDonald, when I was courting Mrs. Brown she sat on one side of the room and I on the other." McDonald's reply was: "That's what I should have done if I had been courting Mrs. Brown." She Wanted to Know That He Knew That She Knew. "My wife is the most exacting woman I ever saw." "In what way?" "She's got to the point now where I have to let her know that I know that she is man- aging me, or she isn't satisfied." — Life. Volume II WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 6, 1902 NUIBER 5 NEW MINNEQUA HOSPITAL of C. F. (Si I. CO, Most Coinplete i«\ ^Vorld ii:^ Co^strttction Detail and Sanitation HISTORY OF THE GROWTH OF THE MEDICAL, DEPARTMENT AND OF THE HOSPITAL SINCE 1880— A TOUR OF THE NEW PLANT OPENED TO-DAY— RECREATION HALL FOE CONVALESCENT PATIENTS, physician's RESIDENCE— laundry— LIGHT, HEAT AND POWER HOUSE— WARD FOR COMMUNICABLE DISEASES— MAIN BUILDINGS INCLUDING EXECUTIVE, HOUSE PATHOLOGICAL AND SURGICAL DE- PARTMENTS BESIDES THREE LARGE WARD BUILDINGS —NOVEL SYSTEM OF INCLINES INSTEAD OF STAIRS— FIRE-PROOF AND SOUND-PROOF CONSTRUCTION— ELABORATE PRECAUTIONS AGAINST GERMS— PERFECT SYSTEM OF HEATING AND VENTILATION— ALL MODERN APPLIANCES AND CON- VENIENCES—A MODEL OPERATING ROOM LINED WITH LEAD— THOSE TO WHOM THE CREDIT IS DUE HE PUBLIC is invited, and the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany employes especially wel- come, to an inspection of the Minnequa Hospital and its grounds. Visitors who are interested in the hospital may be glad to learn something of its history and construction, hence this short account of the Medical Department from its incipiency, and a detailed description of the new hospital plant. History of the Medical Department. The Medical Department of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company dates from 1880, when it was organized under the manage- ment of the Colorado Coal and Iron Com- Physicians' Residence (Casa Vmenda)and Glimpse of Ward Buildings from Southwest Corner of Grounds. 98 CAMP AND PLANT. M S .2 E pany. Local physicians were placed at each of the company's workings with headquar- ters at Pueblo, and a temporary hospital opened at Bessemer where two company houses were made as convenient and com- fortable as possible and a twenty bed in- stitution and dispensary established. Two years after a forty bed hospital was erect- ed on Block X, Mesa, Pueblo. Twice later the plant was enlarged; operating room, cot- tage, store house, and stables added to meet the demand due to the consolidation of the Colorado Coal and Iron Company and the Colorado Fuel Company, now known under the name of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. The hospital then haij a capacity of ninety beds, but the growth of the Company was phenomenal; new coal camps were opened and iron mines de- veloped and soon the buildings were taxed to their utmost capacity. To meet the im- mediate demand it was necessary to erect hospital tents for temporary needs. When it was determined to double the steel works plant it was plain that decided steps must be taken to increase the hospi- tal accommodations. After much reflection it was thought best to construct a new and model modern hospital, most excellent in every detail, of sufficient dimensions to meet the demands of the Company's proposed improvements, and one that would admit of further additions without destroying the symmetry and efficacy of the general plant. Experienced architects in hospital con- struction were employed and a physician spent many months at home and abroad studying hospital buildings. Finally plans were selected which seemed to meet de- sired requirements; and twenty acres of land were selected near Lake Minnequa for the proposed hospital site. The contract for the first building of the plant was let in November, 1900, and April 1, 1901, work was begun on the hospital proper. Thirteen buildings of the entire plant are now completed and ready for occupancy. The hospital would have been opened May 15 had the Pueblo Water Company been able to have completed its standpipe within the time specified by contract so as to have furnished water as expected. The thirteen buildings now in use are, executive, cul- inary, three ward and operating buildings, which are connected by corridors, physi- cians' residence, well house, stable, recrea- CAMP AND PLANT. 99 Incline and Porte-Cochere for Ambulance Main Entrance. tion hall, laundry, power and light building, and ward for communicable diseases. To complete the plan as designed there re- main yet to be erected a chapel, nurses' home, pathological and laboratory building, and convalescents' lodge. By inspecting the cut of the ground plan accompanying this article (see pages 112 and 113) the above mentioned buildings may be located. It will be observed also that the capacity of the hospital may be increased by the ad- dition of wards without altering the general design. A Tour of the Hospital Plant. In order to become thoroughly acquainted with the hospital plant, let us make together a tour of the buildings, pausing first to ex- amine the exteriors. Exterior Observation. '" ■. The style of architecture is known as Spanish Mission; the construction is of brick covered with cement, and tile roof. The iron balconies under the second story windows are not for utility, but are orna- mental, carrying out the general designs. The noticeable absence of porches is in- tentional. Of what possible use is a wide veranda in front of a hospital ward? It obstructs light and air, is unsanitary, and for the sick the utility of adjoining rooms is much lessened. One ill is annoyed by the congregating of those in front of his room. Those on the outside can be of no assistance to those within, although at times the former may feel themselves in- dispensable, and, if permitted, volunteer Looking East from Cupola of Physicians' Residence. End View of Ward Buildings Nos. i and 3. 100 CAMP AND PLANT. Exterior of Recreation Hall for Convalescents. advice and offer assistance. It is not un- common for visitors to make suggestions; they do not hesitate to suggest a change of doctors, nurses, or food, and to tender their services in procuring beer, wine and other strong liquors as well as eatables, and be- fore departing inform the patient how badly he appears and that they knew of some- one who was afflicted in a similar manner and an undertaker became interested in his remains. This always gives the outsider much enjoyment, but notwithstanding this fact porches were omitted from the plans of this hospital. The matter of sunlight and fresh air was carefully considered and pro- vision was made for their supply without resorting to porches. Recreation Hall. A short distance from the hospital en- trance is located the recreation hall, where convalescents may gather to converse, read or smoke, without annoyance to the bed- ridden. (See cuts pages 100 and 101.) Ward Buildings. The ward buidings are two stories in height without basement. All rooms are above ground and none open on courts or are so-called inside rooms. The entrance to the hospital is approached by an inclined driveway rising a half story and covered by a porte-cochere. This makes possible two important things: the doing away with stairways or elevators in the buildings, and the securing of a dispensary within the building but not connected in any way with the hospital. The dispensary, with entrance in front, but below the porte-cochere, is pro- vided with two waiting rooms, drug room, eye and ear room, treatment room, dark room, and lavatory. (See pages 99 and 102.) The Main Entrance. From the main entrance a patient may be taken from the ambulance, placed upon a wheel stretcher and rolled to any bed in the building with the least possible jarring and without the annoyance of being carried up stairs or shaken in an elevator. Stairs make it hard for both patients and attend- ants, and the elevator is often out of order or the operator not at hand. The inclines do away with all these objections, to say nothing of the comfort to the patients and convenience to attendants. They make it almost as easy to go from one story to the next as to walk on the level floor. Why they have not been used extensively, es- pecially in hospitals, is a mystery. See p. 104. Interior Observation. The floors are monolith — or "one stone" — a composition of cement, sawdust and a CAMP AND PLANT. lOI secret liquid preparation, and are continu- ous througliout the building, fire-proof, water-tight and crackless. Fire Proof Construction. Further precautions have been taken to render the building fire proof and sanitary by using in the construction heavy timbers, metallic lath and brick partitions. No Lurking Places for Germs. Observe, please, the panelless, dust-proof and easily cleaned doors over which there are no transoms to admit foul air and re- tain dust; also that the corners above, be- low and at the sides are rounded, hence a surface easily cleaned, but one on which dust does not readily accumulate. Plan of the Hospital. By consulting the plan found on pages 112 and 113 in this number of Camp and Plant, the general scheme of the hospital is plainly conceived. In front is the executive building with the offices on the right and parlors on the left. Directly in the rear connected by corridors is the house de- partment, with patients' and nurses' dining rooms, kitchen, rooms for help in the third story, and below or in the first story, store rooms. Still beyond or to the north, but not connected, is the laundry, and further in this direction the light, power and heat- ing plant. From the rear of the executive building extend corridors to the right and left, or east and west, to which are attached the two story ward buildings; from these buildings corridors running northward com- municate with other wards and in this di- rection more ward buildings may be at- tached and thus the capacity of the hospital enlarged indefinitely. By tak- ing your positions at the inclines it will be observed you are half a story from the ground, this distance having been gained from the outside incline be- fore entering the building; this is an ad- vantage, for one has to travel from this point but half a story to gain access to either the first or second floor. It also shortens the length of the incline by one half, which is an item of economy in ex- penditure of money and saving of strength. Interior of Recreation Hall for Convalescent Patients. J02 The rate of ascent of the incline leading to the floor above and the floor below is one foot in six — an easy grade to travel. The monolith surface not taking a high polish and never becoming slippery, adds much to the safety and comfort of the pedestrian. From his position at this point the hall porter commands a view of all entrances to the enclosed buildings and sees all who pass in and out. With your permission I shall ask you to accompany me through the different build- ings while I explain the different objects which may prove of interest. You are undoubtedly impressed with the plainness and simplicity of the architecture, but that is one of the important secrets of a model hospital. There should exist no ornate decorations, projecting shelves, brack- ets or supports to collect and harbor dis- ease germs. The first room on the right is used for a linen closet. The stack of shelves with a round top to facilitate cleaning stands in the center of the room away from the wall so the case may be approached from either side and kept clean, as is im- possible when a case stands against the wall or possesses a back. On the opposite side of the hall is the first private or single room; its dimensions are 12 by 18 by 11 feet; perfectly simple but attractive, doors panelless and transomless, window trim very small, without sill that may be used as a shelf or table. The pictures, you notice, may be readily removed, cleaned and re- placed; being supported from hooks in the wall placed directly behind the frame and not from a filthy picture rail. True the pictures are hung permanently, but as the patients frequently change there is no great objection to using the same picture as long as is consistent with sanitation. Perfect Ventilation. The air, hot or cold, is screened before being forced into the room by fans and drawn out by similar mechanical devices, and may be changed in each room in the buildings every three minutes. This does away with the necessity of resorting to transoms or windows for ventilation, thus preventing drafts and impurities from the hall or general outside atmosphere. The furniture is white enamelled iron, the chairs ^e supported upon ball-bearing cas- tors, and the beds are made high out of respect for nurses' backs. The washable cotton rugs upon the floor may be sterilized 103 or washed as readily as sheets and towels. Again observe the cor- ners are all rounded and the base board a continuation o f the monolith floor for eight inches ; hence the water tight floor may be flooded to the extent of several in- ches and washed by hose without injury to woodwork or to the ceiling in the room below. This construc- tion is carried throughout the entire building, halls, corri- dors, rooms and wards. Returning now to the hall, we find there are six single rooms, six wards, four bath rooms, two lavatories, a housemaids' closet, a diet kitchen, and a nurses' waiting room on each floor. The wards are in every way similar — floors, furniture, methods of heating and ventilat- ing — to the private and single rooms ex- cept that they are large enough to ac- commodate four beds. Smair Wards. A large ward is, or should be, a thing of the past. True, pro- portionately, it is more expensive to operate small than large wards, but they are far more comfortable. Imagine trying to rest or sleep in a room with twenty people, or perhaps two hundred patients, as in some hospitals. If one groans all the rest hear him; if a patient be restless he disturbs the other nineteen or one hundred and ninety-nine. He knows 104 CAMP AND PLANT. liHIiiriLL ''.'1 ■^Hlllfeiii I I HI^^""'lHHi i ^ View from Head of Incline Leading to Ward No. I Down and Across Main Corridor to Ward No. 2. Note the three floor levels, that of the executive building and corridors (see cut below) midway between level of floors of war4 buildings. The absence of stairways in the hospital is noteworthy. View from Main Entrance, Looking Down G>rridor Connecting Executive Department with House Department. CAMP AND PLANT. 105 the ills and learns the sufferings of his neighbor and consequently sees disagreeable and sad sights. Those very ill, of course, should be in single or private rooms. But small wards have still further advantages over large ones; patients may be classified according to nationality and according to the diet to which they are restricted. If a patient be confined to special food on account of his disease and he sees another more fortunate than himself with a bountiful supply of good wall, where germs may hide and propagate, but is so arranged that it may be washed from all sides. The ice chest may be rolled easily about and the floor beneath washed. The shelves for holding dishes stand in the center of the room and can be cleaned from every side, and there are no closets or cov- ers to conceal careless housecleaning. The dish rack contains trays; each bed has its tray and the numbers of bed and tray correspond. A certain set of dishes be- i Sun Bath Corridor G>anecting Wards ) and 3. things from the larder, there is trouble for everyone from the cook to the physician in chief, and no amount of reasoning will con- vince an unreasonable patient. (See p. 118.) The Diet Kitchen. The diet kitchen Is a blot upon many hos- pitals ; it is usually contracted, bad smelling, full of dusty comers and unsanitary. Notice, please, in this kitchen the plumbing is free from the wall and readily cleaned, as it is throughout the building. Nowhere does sink or pipe come in contact with the longs to each tray, and each patient has the same tray and dishes as long as he remains in the hospital. To know this is a great comfort to most patients. (See page 109.) Office of the Chief Ward Nurse. The adjoining room, in which the an- nunciator registers a call from every bed on this floor, is where the chief nurse on this floor directs the movements of all the nurses in her charge. Bath Rooms. Your special attention Is now called to }06 CAMP AND PLANT. Exterior of Steam the bath rooms which are conveniently lo- Heat and Power House — Engines and Electric Generators. 128 CAMP AND PLANT. tendent of the Sociological Department, vis- ited Redstone and Coalbasin on Wednesday and Thursday of last week in the interest of his department. J. C. Cornell.formerly superintendent here, and now superintendent of the Colorado & Wyoming Railroad, Southern Division, were guests of the Big Horn Lodge for several days last week. A. T. SEGUNDO. Guy Leach, M. D., has been appointed lo- cal surgeon at Segundo. Dr. Leach assumed the duties of his position July 28. Still on the Way. An old farmer who was in Buffalo at the time of McKinley's illness was much im- pressed with the system of bulletins and resolved to spring the idea on the natives in his section. Deacon Jones was taken ill and here was the old farmer's opportunity. The following bulletins were posted: 9:10 A. M. — Deacon Jones very ill. 9:45 A. M. — Deacon Jones suffers a re- lapse. 10:30 A. M.— The family have been called to the bedside. 11:30 A. M. — Deacon Jones dead and gone to heaven. A drummer happened along and after reading the bulletins added the following: 2:30 P. M. — Great iexcitement in heaven. Deacon Jones has not arrived. — W. H. M. L. FROM OUR EXCHANGES. A Good Magazine. Camp and Plant, a weekly magazine pub- lished by the Sociological Department of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, Pu- eblo, Colorado, is not only an instructive but artistic magazine. In the issue of June 28th, we notice a splendid article on the "Public School Gardens." — From "The N. C. R.," a fortnightly published by the National Cash Register Company of Dayton, Ohio, is- sue of July 15, 1902. No Excellence Without Great Labor. New Acquaintance — What an original fel- low he is! Old Acquaintance — Yes. He has made a study of it. — Life. A Glimpse of Lake Minnequa (C. F. & I. Reservoir Number i) Adjoining the Grounds of the Minnequa Hospital^ Pueblo. —Reprinted from Lime Number of Camp and Plant. Volume II WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 13, 1902 Number 6J TERCIO, COLORADO Uhe Most Recent o/ C. F. so?" We felt as if about to place a fusee at a given moment to a barrel of gunpowder, as we replied: "We refuse to give them up, sir." "Very well," said the doctor, in a voice of thunder, "since that is the case, there is only- one course to follow. Come up here, each of you, and let me" (another awful pause) "shake you by the hand and congratulate you on having held on as you have done, in spite of prospective penalties, as a matter of school-boy honor. I congratulate you, I say, on having refused to give up the names, of those other fellows, who, to save them- selves, were only too ready to give up yours." How those rafters rang again, as the dear old doctor gave us that never-to-be-forgotten lesson! When the excitement had some- what subsided, he concluded by addressing the remaining seven: "I have no punishment to give you, except it be by expressing a hope that you may not be so ready on a future occasion to screen yourselves at the expense of others." A CONGLOMERATE. One on the Denver Office Force of the Colo- rado Supply Company. No one was Gladwin this Joe-k Osborn in to a Paul the office. Miss Jones would Tapper Foote as she gazed with Love in her Meek eyes at the Arch of the Wells, and it Tucker a long time to Mac out that the Blackman was a Pleasant Ladd. Who Kindall what Meigs her Fan the breeze and Howell, "Will Lizzie's name!" Hard Work to Get it all for Himself and the Other Lawyer. First Lawyer — How did you come out in settling up old Gotrox's estate? Second Lawyer — It was a hard struggle. First Lawyer — No! Second Lawyer — Yes; I had hard work to keep the heirs from getting part of the es- tate. — Ohio State Journal. VOLUIE II SATURDAY, AUGUST 16, 1902 Number 7 PERSONNEL of tKe MEDICAL DEPARTMENT "W^hat tHe C. F. .H 8 ' ■* a ' ti Q f- . O of Minn son, Soc. '. A.W.Sca nsary H E. W. C a> -i o S^ -2 &^ fi clw 1 C aj «r "''§ -S 9^ -§ •d ^ « *o 'c a ff.? a o NURSES OF MINNEQUA HOSPITAL. 155 ■feO W rt O 7 1. 1-1 03 C5 H °° -I M » 2 ®H . «P4 CO 'Z (BOS Png coM 0-* 3 )56 CAMP SURGEONS, C. F. & I. CO. T. J. FORHAN, M. D. ASSISTANT CHIEF SURGEON C. F. & I. CO. SURGEON FOE ENGLE AND EL MOEO L. G. CLARK, M. D. SURGEON FOR CARDIFF ALBERT L. TROUT, M. D. SDEOEON FOE BEEWIND O. W. COSBY, M. D. SUEGEON FOE TABASCO CAMP SURGEONS, C. F. & I. CO. J57 M. J. SANDBORN, M. D. FORHESLV SUEGEON FOE BEOOKSIDE R. E. HOLMES, M. D. SUSOEON FOR BEOOKSIDE W. E. ASHBY, M. D. ST7KOEON FOR COALBASIN J. W. ROCKEFELLER, M. D. SUBOEON FOE CEE8TED BUTTE 158> CAMP SURGEONS, C. F. & I. CO. A. A. EDDY, M. D. SUBGBON FOK COAL CREEK A. TAYLOR, M. D. CRYSTAL RIVER RAILROAD SURGEON, REDSTONE. CHARLES F. BEESON, M. D. SCaOEON FOB riEBSO, NEW MEXICO J. J. PATTEE, M. D. SURGEON FOR GIBSON, NEW MEXICO CAMP SURGEONS, C. F. & I. CO. 159 T. MAURICE AHLQUIST, M. D. 8UEGEON FOE HEZKON A. B. HAMILTON, M. D. SURGEON FOE LAEAMIE, WYOMING. S. C. CLARKE, M. D. 8UEGEON FOR LOS CEEEILL08 MINE, MADRID, N. M. O. P. SHIPPEY, M. D. SCBGEON FOE ORIENT 160 CAMP SURGEONS, C. F. & I. CO. L. B. PILSBURY, M. D. rOKMERLT SURGEON FOE PEIMERO AND 8EGUNDO WILLIAM M. OGLE, M. D. SURGEON FOE PRTMERO T. D. BAIED, M. D. 8UEGEON FOE PICTOU W. A. WILLIAMSON, M. D. SUEGEON FOE EOCKVALE CAMP SURGEONS, C. F. & I. CO. lb) JOHN T. DAVISON, M. D. BUBOEON AT 80PEI8 DURING 1888-91 J. E. LOWERY, M. D. SUEGEON FOE SOPKIS W. S. CHAPMAN, M. D. SURGEON FOE ROUSE C. O. McCLUBE, M. D. SURGEON FOE STARKVILLE (62 CAMP SURGEONS, C. F. & I. CO. H. C. DYER, M. D. SURGEON FOR GUI.CH HARRY C. LEE, M. D. SURGEON FOR SUNRISE, WYOMING, IRON MINES AND FOE NORTHERN DIVISION COLO. & WYO. RY. W. L. CONWAY, M. D. SURGEON FOR TERCIO D. W. MATHEWS, M. D. SURGF.ON^FOE WALSEN AND ROBINSON MINES CAMP SURGEONS, C. F. & I. CO. )63 D. GUY LEACH, M. D. SUEGEON FOR 8EGUNDO J. H. DAVIS, M. D. SURGEON SOUTHERN DIVISION COLORADO* WYOMING RAILWAY. HEADQUARTERS, TRINIDAD Dispensary at Minnequa Works, Pueblo. The new dispensary, which has been in operation for some montlis, and which is provided with a drug room, waiting room, two consulting rooms, bed and bath rooms, is convenie^ tly located at the west gate of the Minne- qua Steel Works, where the men pass and re-pass, and where one or more doctors are constantly on duty day and night to render prompt assistance. 164 CONSULTING STAFF, C. F. & I. HOSPITAL. P. R. THOMBS, M. D.* OF PDEBLO, CONSULTANT. DIED APRIL 1902 A. T. KING, M.D. OF PUEBLO, CONSULTANT HUBERT WORK, M. D. OF PUEBLO, CONSULTANT EDWIN W. VARLEY. D. D. S. OF PUEBLO, CONSULTANT CAMP AND PLANT. }65 ^ BIOGRAPHIES ^ Richard Warren Corwin, M. D., Chief Sur- geon of the Medical Department and Super- intendent of the Sociological Department of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, was born at Binghamton, Broom county, New York, May 24, 1852. Two years later his parents moved to Narrowsburg, New York, where as a lad lie was initiated into the mysteries of lumbering and rafting on the Delaware river, and during vacations occu- pied the exalted positions of "peanut mer- chant" on the Erie road. Before he was fourteen years of age, un- der the able tutelage of Mr. John G. Bell of New York City, he had mastered taxidermy, and after preparing himself for college at Port Jervis, New York, was appointed taxi- dermist for Cornell University, in which in- stitution he received his literary education. In 1874 he was made curator of the mu- seum of Michigan University, where he taught composition, anatomy and micro- scopy, at the same time studying in the Medical Department of the university from which he was graduated in 1878. In 1879-80 he was interne at Saint Luke's Hospital, Chicago. He since has studied in several hospitals in Europe and has made a special study of hospital construction and management. In 1881 he was appointed chief surgeon for The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, which position he still occupies. He has traveled extensively in this country and abroad; has always taken a great interest in educational matters and is now serv- ing his second term on the Normal School Board of the state of Colorado, and his third term on the Public School Board of Pueblo. He occupies the following positions and is member of the following societies: Chief Surgeon Colorado Fuel and Iron Cam- pany, superintendent Sociological Depart- ment Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, sur- geon for Denver and Rio Grande Railway, Colorado and Southern Railway, Colorado Smelter, State Insane Asylum; president State Medical Society 1901-1902, ex-member State Board of Health, ex-surgeon general Colorado National Guard, ex-president Pu- eblo County Medical Society, president Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company Medical So- ciety; member of American Medical Associa- tion, American Public Health Association. American Medical Temperance Association, Association Military Surgeons, U. S.; Railway Surgeons' Association, The Rocky Mountain Interstate Medical Association, Colorado State Medical Society, Pueblo County Medical Society. T. J. Forhan, M. D., Assistant Chief Sur- geon Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, Sur- geon for Engle and El Moro, Colorado, was born in London, England, in 1849. He emi- grated some time thereafter to the United States and spent his boyhood in Brooklyn and New York City. In 1866 he moved to Chicago with his parents, where he learned a trade and soon after serving his appren- ticeship returned to New York City, where he worked until he saved money enough to take a partial collegiate course, lack of means preventing his taking a full one. In 1874 he matriculated at the Chicago Med- ical college, took a course at Ann Arbor, Michigan, and graduated at Rush Medical college, Chicago, in 1878, in which latter city he practiced for a year. In 1879, hav- ing been seized with the mining fever, he moved to Colorado, locating in Gunnison county. He is at present located in Trini- dad, Colorado, in the practice of his profes- sion. He is an ex-president of the Colorado State Board of Medical Examiners, mem- ber of the American Medical association and third vice president of Colorado Medi- cal Society. For some time he has been local surgeon at Trinidad for the Denver and Rio Grande railroad and surgeon for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company at Engle and El Moro and assistant chief sur- geon for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany. 166 CAMP AND PLANT. Camp Surgeons. Albert L. Trout, M. D., Surgeon, Berwind, Colorado, was born April 22, 1861, in St. Charles County, Missouri. When four years of age his parents moved to Macoupin County, Illinois. He graduated from the Missouri Medical College (medical depart- ment of State University) March 5, 1889. He located in Golden City, Missouri, where he practiced medicine until July, 1896, when he accepted a position with the Medical De- partment of the Missouri Lumber and Min- ing Co. at Grandin, Missouri, which posi- tion he held until October, 1898, when he accepted his present position as surgeon for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company at Ber- wind, Colorado. Leman Gibbs Clark, M. D., surgeon for Cardiff, Colorado, graduated from Rush Medical College with the Class of 1884, re- ceiving the degree of Doctor of Medicine. Coming to Colorado, he became connected with the Medical Department of the Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company, in the employ of which corporation he has been for fifteen years. Dr. Clark makes his home in Glen- wood Springs, although he is surgeon for Cardiff, four miles south of Glenwood, where The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company has an extensive coking plant. O. W. Cosby, M. D., Surgeon for Tabasco, was born at Hematite, Jefferson County, Missouri, in 1874. His parents removed a few years later to St. Louis, where he was raised. He entered Marion Sims College of Medicine, September, 1893, graduating April 2, 1896 and remaining in St. Louis went into private practice, in which he remained until the declaration of war with Spain, when he entered the army with the 1st Regiment Na- tional Guards of Missouri. He was stationed at Chicamagua Park, Georgia. After being mustered out, October 30, 1898, he moved to Mountain View, Missouri, where he prac- ticed until October, 1900, at which time he accepted a position on the hospital staff of the Missouri Lumber and Mining Com- pany at Grandin, Missouri, which position he resigned in July, 1902, to accept his pres- ent position of surgeon at Tabasco, Colorado. M. J. Sandborn, M. D., formerly Surgeon for Brookside, Colorado, was born in Free- dom, Wisconsin, July 25, 1869. He studied in the public schools and in Lawrence Uni- versity of Appleton, Wisconsin, from which he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Science with the class of 1892. He studied medicine in the Medical School of North- western Univeristy at Chicago, Illinois, from which he graduated in 1896. From 1896 to 1899 he practiced in Appleton, Wisconsin. In the latter year he came to Colorado to accept the position of surgeon for Brook- side for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany. May 20, 1902, he resigned in order to return to Appleton, Wisconsin. He was succeeded by Dr. R. E. Holmes. R. E. Holmes, M. D., Surgeon, Brookside, was born November 2, 1871, near Joliet, 111., and was educated in the common and high schools of Joliet and later in Northwestern University. He commenced the study of medicine in 1896 and received his degree June 20, 1901. He was appointed interne at the Colorado Fuel and Iron Hospital July 1, 1901. After serving eleven months as in- terne, he was appointed May 20, 1902, sur- geon for Brookside to succeed Dr. M. J. Sandborn, who had resigned and removed to Appleton, Wisconsin. W. E. Ashby, M. D., Surgeon, Coalbasin,, Colorado, was born at Greenwich, England, April 21, 1850. He came to America when four years old. Graduated in medicine at College of Physicians and Surgeons of Keo- kuk, Iowa, 1873. Practiced in Quenemo, Kansas, for twenty years. In 1893 he moved to Colorado. December 10, 1901, he entered the employ of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company as surgeon at Coalbasin. J. W. Rockefeller, M. D., Surgeon Crested Butte, Colorado, was born in Northumber- land County Pennsylvania, February 20, 1850. He attended the village school until the age of thirteen and then was sent to Blysburgh, where he remained four years. In 1867 he entered the Jefferson Medical College and graduated with the class of 1871. He practiced medicine at home for a time, and then came out to Gunnison, Col- CAMP AND PLANT. 167 orado in 1880. He remained eight years, then entered the employ of the Colorado Fuel Company and was stationed at Crested Butte. He has been with the Colorado Fuel Company and the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company for fourteen years. Arthur A. Eddy, M. D., Surgeon at Coal Creek, Colorado, was born on Isle La Mott, Grand Isle County, Vermont. When a small boy he removed to Iowa. He studied med- icine in the Chicago Medical College, from where he graduated with the degree of M. D. He practiced at Cresco, Iowa, for some time and was county physician and examining surgeon for the government. In 1883 he accepted an offer from the old Colorado Coal and Iron Company to act as its physician and surgeon at Coal Creek. At the same time he was appointed local surgeon for the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad. Both of these positions Dr. Eddy has held without interruption for nineteen years. Angus Taylor, M. D., Surgeon for Crystal River Railroad, and for Redstone, Colorado, was born in Prince Edward Island, Canada in 1867. In 1879 he commenced teaching school and in 1886, came to Colorado. In 1889, he graduated in medicine. He was interne in the then Colorado Coal and Iron Company Hospital in Pueblo, from 1889 to 1890. He served as surgeon at Hastings, and Berwind, 1890 to 1900. He was appoint- ed surgeon for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company for Redstone, and also for the Crystal River Railroad, June 1, 1901. Charles F. Beeson, M. D., Surgeon, Fierro, New Mexico, was born at Centerfield, Ohio, October 20, 1868. He studied in the public schools of Cincinnati and in the High School at Leesburg, Ohio. He was graduated from Northwestern University with the degree of Ph. G. in 1889. He practiced pharmacy until 1895 and was graduated in 1898 froin the Medical school of Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, with the degree of M. D. Dr. Beeson was chosen by competitive examination and served one and one half years as interne and house physician in the Cincinnati City Hos- pital. In 1900 he resigned this position to accept that of surgeon of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company at Fierro. James Jay Pattee, M. D., Surgeon for Gib- son, New Mexico, was born in Grant Park, Illinois, in November, 1869. He was grad- uated from Northern Indiana College in 1891 with the degree of B. S. He graduated from Rush Medical College, Chicago, in 1895. During his last year he served as assistant in diseases of the nose, throat, and chest to Professor E. Fletcher Ingals. For three years he practiced at South Bend, In- diana, and moved to Colorado in November, 1898. In May, 1900, he was appointed sur- geon for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany's camp at Madrid, New Mexico. He was transferred to Gibson in May, 1901. T. M. Ahlquist, M, D., Surgeon for Hezron, Colorado, was born in Sweden in 1877. He A Group of School Children of Fierro, New Mexico, "Waiting at the Doctor's Office to be Vaccinated. came to America with his parents in 1881 and received his early education in Mar- shalltown, Iowa. In 1888 he moved'to Ne- braska and studied in the schools of Beat- rice. In 1895 he attended his first course of lectures in medicine in Omaha. In 1896 he came to Colorado and entered Gross Med- ical College, Denver, graduating in 1898. Af- ter serving as interne in the Arapahoe Coun- ty Hospital during 1898-1899, he entered the service of the Union Coal and Coke Com- pany at Pryor in 1899, and was appointed surgeon for Hezron mine of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, April, 1902. 16& CAMP AND PLANT. A. B. Hamilton, M. D., Surgeon for the Laramie Roiling Mills, Laramie, Wyoming, was born in Oil City, Pennsylvania, January 3, 1861. He received his literary education at Grove City College, and his medical de- gree from Western Reserve University at Cleveland, graduating in the class of 1886. In July, 1893, he came to Laramie. In 1896 he was appointed physician and surgeon for the State Penitentiary, a position he still holds. He has been local physician and sur- geon for the Laramie Iron and Steel Com- pany,, which operates the Laramie Rolling Mills and is affiliated with the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, since October, 1900. S. C. Clarke, M. D., Surgeon at Madrid, New Mexico, was born December 15, 1873, at Oskaloosa, Kansas. He graduated from the Kansas City Medical College in 1895. He entered the medical department of the Col- orado Fuel and Iron Company at Walsen- burg in 1900 as relief surgeon during the absence of one of the resident surgeons. During July, 1900, he accepted a position with the Company at Redstone, Colorado. He was moved from there to Coalbasin, Col- orado, in June of the following year. He was appointed resident surgeon at Madrid, New Mexico, December 1, 1901. Orland P. Shippey, M. D., Surgeon for Orient, Colorado, was born April 5, 1873 at Vermont, Illinois. He was graduated from Gross Medical College in 1895 and served as interne in St. Anthony's and Arapahoe County Hospitals in Denver and was ap- pointed local surgeon for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company for Orient in 1897. L. B. Pilsbury, M. D., formerly surgeon at Primero and Segundo, was born in Fremont, Nebraska, February 1, 1874, graduated from Fremont High School in 1890, University of Nebraska in 1896, Gross Medical College in 1899. He was house physician at St. Jo- seph's Hospital, Denver, December, 1898 to December, 1899; interne in Colorado Fuel and Iron Company's Hospital, December, 1899, to September, 1900, when he was ap- pointed local surgeon at Gulch and Sun- shine, where he remained until June, 1901, when he was appointed surgeon at Primero and Segundo. He resigned this position June 30, 1902 and removed to Fremont, Ne- braska. William M. Ogle, M. D., Surgeon at Pri- mero, Colo., was born at Delaware City, Del- aware, in 1861. Graduated from Delaware College with degree Bachelor of Philosophy and later took post-graduate course leading to degree of Master of Science. He grad- uated from Jefferson Medical College with the class of 1882. Left practice in Philadel- phia in May, 1902, to enter service of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company as sur- geon at Primero and Segundo. Thomas D. Baird, M. D., Surgeon for Pic- tou, Colorado, has been connected with the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company for eight years as physician and surgeon for Pictou Mines in Huerfano County. He was born in Shelby County, Kentucky, in 1851. His childhood was spent in Missouri. Later his family moved to Springfield, Illinois, where he graduated in the High school. In 1869-70 he attended the Medical University of Louisville, Kentucky, receiving the appoint- ment of Assistant Physician of the Illinois State Penitentiary at Joliet. He remained until September, 1876, when he resigned and completed his course in Rush Medical College in 1877. He came to Colorado in 1880 and has held many honorable positions in the state, county and town of Walsenburg, in which he lives. W. A. Williamson, M. D., Surgeon, Rock- vale, Colorado, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1865, attended school there until thirteen years old, attended school in Ireland (Bel- fast) and Heidelberg, Germany for two years. He graduated from the medical depart- ment of Trinity University of Canada and moved West. He has been with the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company for nearly six years. John T. Davison, M. D., Surgeon at So- pris, 1888-1891, was born in Chicago, Illinois, about forty-three years ago. After studying in the public schools of that city he learned the drug business; graduating from the Chi- cago College of Pharmacy in 1881. Later he removed to Colorado and, studying medicine, graduated from the Denver Medical College in 1888 and later in that year was employed by the Fuel Company, being the first per- manently employed physician at the Sopris mine of the Colorado Fuel Company, remaining with them three years. Dr. Davison was formerly editor of the Rocky Mountain Druggist, professor of pharmacy in the University of Denver, demonstrator of anatomy in the Denver Medical School, and is and has been a member of various CAMP AND PLANT. J69 medical and pharmaceutical societies. It is only of late that he has specialized — select- ing diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat for particular study and practice. James Edward Lowery, M. D., Surgeon for Sopris, Colorado, was born of Irish parent- age in Portland, Maine. He received the de- gree of Bachelor of Arts from Holy Cross College. In 1887 he graduated from the Bellevue Hospital Medical College. Since 1891 he has been connected with the Colo- rado Fuel Company and the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, at present being surgeon for Sopris. Walter S. Chapman, M. D., Surgeon for Rouse, Colorado, was born October 29, 1873, at Roseburg, Oregon. He graduated from the Umpqua Academy at Wilbur, Oregon, in 1890 and from Colo. State University Medical School, then located in Denver, in 1896. He was interne at St. Joseph's Hospital, at Arap- ahoe County Hospital, Denver, during 1896 and 1897. In 1898 he entered the service of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company as sur- geon for Spring Gulch. During the Spanish- American war he was a surgeon in the U. S. army. After being mustered out in 1899, he re-entered the service of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company as surgeon for Rouse, Colorado. C. O. McClure, M. D., Surgeon for Stark- ville, Colorado, was born in southeastern Indiana something over thirty years ago. He received his literary education at Moores Hill College, Moores Hill, Indiana, and at Miami University, at Oxford, Ohio. For two years he studied in the Medical College of Indiana, at Indianapolis, and graduated in medicine at the Gross Medical College, Den- ver, with the class of 1893. The same year he became connected with the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company as interne at the hospital at Pueblo, and since then served as Com- pany physician at Spring Gulch and at Starkville. He took post graduate work in New York City during the fall of 1901. H. C. Dyer, M. D., Surgeon, Gulch, Colo- orado, graduated from Del Norte High School, took three years in Presbyterian Col- lege of the Southwest, graduated from Gross Medical College of Denver. He practiced four months for Dr, J. Tracy Melvin of Sa- guache, while the latter was East for post- graduate couse, and took the hospital course of ten months as interne in the Colorado Fuel and Iron Hospital in Pueblo. June, 1901, he was appointed surgeon for Gulch. Harry C. Lee, M. D., Surgeon for Colorado Fuel and Iron Company at Sunrise Iron Mines and for The Colorado & Wyoming Railway Company, northern division, was born in Illinois, reared and educated in Missouri, graduating from the Uni- versity Medical College of Kansas City, Missouri, in 1898. He served in the Hospital Department Fourth Missouri Reg- iment, United States Volunteer Infantry during the Spanish war of 1898. He entered the Colorado Fuel and Iron Hospital at Pu- eblo, Colorado, as interne and was appointed local surgeon for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company and for the Colorado & Wyoming Railway Company at Sunrise, Wyoming, June 1, 1901. W. L. Conway, M. D., surgeon for Tercio, Colorado, was born at Manitowas, Wiscon- sin, in 1871, and was educated in the pul)lic schools of that city. He studied medicine at Ann Arbor in the University of Michigan during 1890 and 1891. In 1893 he graduated from the College of Physicians and Sur- geons in Baltimore, Maryland. From 1894 to 1898, he practiced medicine at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, during which time he was a member of the board of United States Examining Surgeons and Con- tract Surgeon at the United States Army recruiting station. He practiced in Manito- was, Wisconsin, one year, 1899, and com- ing to Colorado, practiced in Huerfano county two years. The first of this year he was appointed surgeon for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company at the camp of Torres, now called Tercio. D. W. Mathews, M. D., Surgeon for Wal- sen and Robinson Mines, Near Walsen- burg, Colorado, was born in Markinch, Fifeshire, Scotland, in 1860. He came to this country with his parents in 1870 and settled in Whiteside County, Illinois. He obtained a common and high school education there, taught school and studied medicine under a pre- ceptor for two years. He then attended lectures at Rush Medical College and grad- uated in the class of 1884, After practicing his profession in Savannah, Illinois, for five years, in 1889 he came to Walsenburg, Col- orado, where he has since resided. He took charge of the Walsen and Robinson mine in 1894. J70 CAMP AND PLANT. D. Guy Leach, M. D., Surgeon at Segundo, Colorado, was born in Sullivan, Sullivan County, Indiana, September 18, 1878. He studied at the Sullivan High School and at the Union Christian College at Merom, In- diana, from 1895 to 1897. He entered Med- ical College at Central College, Physicians and Surgeons, Indianapolis, Indiana, in the fall of 1897, from where he graduated April 10, 1901. He did special work on diseases of women and abdominal surgery under Dr. Joseph Eastman at Eastman Sanitarium, In- dianapolis, during first three terms in med- ical college. During the last year (1900- 1901) of his medical course he was interne in the dispensary at Indianapolis. He prac- ticed medicine at Shelburn, Indiana, from May, 1901, until July, 1902, when he came to Colorado and accepted a position as as- sistant surgeon at Segundo. J. H. Davis, M. D., Surgeon Colorado and Wyoming Railway, Southern Division, was born November 11, 1872, in Macoupin County, Illinois. September, 1887, he en- tered Eureka College, remaining in that institution four years. In September, 1892, he began the study of medicine and surgery in the medical department of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, Michigan. After two years' study he entered the North- western University Medical School at Chi- cago, from which school he received the de- gree of Doctor of Medicine in June, 1897, at which time he was appointed interne at the Chicago Lying-in Hospital, from which position he resigned October 1, 1897, to accept an appointment on the medical staff of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company at the dispensary in Pueblo. March 1, 1902, he was appointed division surgeon for the Colorado and Wyoming Railway, Southern Division, with headquarters at Trinidad, Colorado. Members of the Hospital Staff. William T. H. Baker, M. D., Superinten- dent IVIinnequa Hospital, Pueblo, was born October 4, 1871, at Geneseo, Henry County, Illinois. He studied in the public schools and graduated from the Normal School at Geneseo in 1890. In 1891 he taught school at Hanna Center. In the fall of 1892 he entered the Northwestern Uni- versity Medical School, from which he grad- uated in 1896. He was interne in the State Insane Asylum at Elgin, Illinois, for a short time in the summer of 1896 and August 29, 1896 he came to Pueblo. He was at the dis- pensary at the then Bessemer Works until July, 1897, when he was appointed superin- tendent of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany Hospital. Clement Vallandigham IVIarmaduke, M. D., Superintendent of Dispensary at IVIinnequa Works, Pueblo, was born October 8, 1867, in north central Missouri. He studied in the State Normal School of Missouri from where he graduated in 1885. After teaching school for a time he came to Pueblo in 1887 and engaged in the drug business. He went to Chicago in 1892, and studied at the North- western University Medical School, from where he graduated in 1896. Returning to Pueblo, he assumed charge of the dispensary at the Minnequa Works. A. W. Scarlett, M. D., Assistant Superin- tendent Dispensary Minnequa Works, Sur- geon for Lime, Colorado, was born at Shel- byville, Tennessee, in 1873. He secured his literary education in Denver and Kansas City and graduated from the Kansas City Medi- cal school in 1899. After serving an interne- ship at the Colorado Fuel and Iron Hospital in Pueblo, he was appointed surgeon for Spring Gulch. After serving for eleven months he returned to Pueblo to accept his present position as assistant superintendent of the Dispensary at the Minnequa Works and surgeon for Lime. SPECIALISTS. Edgar M. Marbourg, M. D., Oculist and Aurist, Pueblo, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and received his education in Johnstown, Philadelphia and Chester, Penn- sylvania. In 1885 he was graduated with the degree of C. E. from the Pennsylvania Military College at Chester. He studied medicine in Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia and in 1888 received the degree of M. D. From 1885 to 1889 he was assis- tant to Professor L. Webster Fox, M. D., of Philadelphia. Having come to Pueblo in 1889, he was appointed specialist on troub- les of the eye, ear, nose and throat by Chief Surgeon Corwin of the then Colorado Coal and Iron Company. Dr. Marbourg is also expert examiner for the United States Pen- sion Department; is oculist and aurist not CAMP AND PLANT. J7I only for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany, but for the Denver & Rio Grande Rail- road, the Colorado & Southern Railroad, the Missouri Pacific Railroad, the Eilers Plant of the American Smelting and Refining Com- pany, the Pueblo Hospital, the Colorado Home for the Feeble Minded, and the Col- orado State Insane Asylum. William R. Hoch, M. D., Laryngologist, for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany, Pueblo, was born at Pine Grove, Penn- sylvania, December 9, 1856. He studied at Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, and grad- uated in 1877 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. After three years study, he grad uated from the Department of Medicine of the University of Pensylvania in 1880, and was made Fellow of the College of Physi- cians of Philadelphia. During 1880 he studied at Goettingen, and during 1881 at Vienna. He engaged in general practice in Philadelphia 1882-8. During 1886 and 1888 he was surgeon for the Pennsylvania Rail- road at Broad Street Station, Philadelphia. In 1888 he went abroad again and studied at Vienna during part of 1888 and 1889. Later in 1889 he studied at Berlin and at London, where he remained for some months in 1890. Returning to Philadelphia, he engaged in specialist practice on the throat, nose and ear from 1890-1900. From 1894 to 1900 he was instructor on laryngol- ogy at the University of Pennsylvania, and also throat surgeon at the Methodist Epis- copal Hospital. He came to Pueblo in 1900, and was appointed laryngologist for the Col- orado Fuel and Iron Company. Herbert Smith OIney, M. D., Pathologist Minnequa Hospital, Pueblo, was born Feb- ruary 11, 1877, in Peoria, Illinois. He studied in the public schools of Peoria, and — after the removal of his parents to Cali- fornia — of Fresno, and in the Fresno High School. After studying two years, 1895-1897, In the University of California, he entered in the fall of 1897, the Medical Depart- ment of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, from which he graduated in 1901. In June, 1901, he came to Pueblo as interne at the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company Hospital. In November and De- cember, 1901, during the illness of Dr. J. J. Pattee, Dr. Olney acted as local surgeon at Gibson, New Mexico. On the expiration. In June, 1902, of Dr. Olney's term as interne, he was appointed pathologist of the Minne- qua Hospital, Pueblo. INTERNES. Ortus Fuller Adams, M. D., Interne at the Minnequa Hospital, Pueblo, was born Oc- tober 10, 1877, at Ainsworth, Washington County, Iowa. When ten years old his par- ents removed to Washington, Iowa. He studied in the public schools and in the Academy at Washington, and in 1896 he en- tered the Medical Department of the State University of Iowa. During the Spanish War he enlisted in Company D, Fiftieth Iowa Volunteers (Infantry), and went to Jacksonville, Florida, with the regiment. Af- ter being mustered out he entered the Junior Class of the Northwestern Medical School at Chicago, from where he graduated in June, 1901. He came to Pueblo, August 2, 1901, as interne at the Colorado Fuel and Iron Hospital. Howard Turner Carriel, M. D., Interne at Minnequa Hospital, was born May 12, 1877, at Jacksonville, Illinois. He studied in the public schools and in Illinois College of Jack- sonville, from which he graduated with the degree of B. S. During the Spanish War he enlisted in Company I, Fifth Illinois Vol- unteers, and served six months in 1898 at Chicamaii^a Park, Georgia, Newport News, Virginia, and Lexington, Kentucky. He studied medicine in the Medical Depart- ment of Northwestern University from which he graduated in 1902. June 9 last, he came to Pueblo as interne at the Minnequa Hospital. Jay Thomas Dowling, M. D., Interne at Minnequa Hospital, Pueblo, was born Octo- ber 6, 1874, at Little Valley, Minnesota. He graduated from St. Charles (Minnesota) High School, June 1, 1894. He taught school in the public schools of Southern Minnesota from 1894 to 1898; entered Northwestern University Medical School, 1898, graduated 1902. During 1901-1902 he was assistant to Dr. John E. Owens, chief surgeon for Chi- cago and Northwestern Railway at dispen- sary, Chicago, Illinois, which position he re- signed June 10, 1902, to come to Pueblo as interne at the Minnequa Hospital. Lee Masten Francis, M. D., Interne Min- nequa Hospital, Pueblo, was born at Knox- ville, Pennsylvania, October 8, 1877. He^ studied at Norwalk Military Institute, Nor- walk, Connecticut, 1891-1894, and at Cornell University, 1894-1898, from where he was 172 CAMP AND PLANT. graduated in 1898 with degree of Pli. B. He was a student at Rush Medical College, Chi- cago, 1892-1901. He served as senior house surgeon at Illinois Charitable Eye and Ear Hospital, Chicago, Illinois during 1901-1902, which position he resigned to come to Pu- eblo April, 1902, as interne at the Minnequa Hospital. William Senger, M. D., Interne at Minne- qua Hospital, was born June 8, 1874, at Port Jervis, New York. He graduated from Port Jervis High School in 1891 and entered Will- iams' College the same year, from which he graduated in 1895 with the degree of B. A. Taught school in New York and Philadel- phia, 1895-1898. He graduated from Yale University Medical School in 1901. BYom June, 1901, to June, 1902, he was interne at the Presbyterian Hospital in the city of New York. He came to Pueblo in June, 1902, as interne at the Minnequa Hospital. Ciiarles E. SmitFi, M. D., Interne at Minne- qua Hospital, Pueblo, was born June 24, 1872, at Beloit, Wisconsin. Graduated from Beloit College Academy at Beloit, June, 1897 and from Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, June, 1901. The last two years of his medical course were spent in the office and dispensary of the Chicago & Northwestern Railway, under John E. Ow- ens, chief surgeon of Chicago. May 20, 1901, he was appointed interne at Passavant Me- morial Hospital, Chicago, and resigned De- cember, 1901, to accept an appointment as interne at the C. F. & I. Hospital at Pueblo. Harold J. Wilson, A. B., Assistant Superin- tendent of Sociological Department, was born December 17, 1877, at Lambertville, Michigan. In 1896 he graduated from the Toledo, Ohio, high school, and in 1900 from Ohio Wesleyan University at Dela- ware, Ohio. He was instructor in Latin at Ohio Wesleyan during 1900-1. He did post graduate work in the University of Chicago in 1901, and came to Pueblo July 18, 1901, as assistant superintendent of the Socio- logical Department. JiVS^-:J«^^^ ^^n K , ^m Hi^HL-^k». -'^HL-.Jfti^^^^l 1 n p' ' '^^^V^^^'ku b#\ J^- mi *m M C. F. & L Surgeon at Redstone Making His Daily Rounds. CAMP AND PLANT. 173 Consultants. Pembroke R. Thombs, M, D., deceased, of Pueblo, late Consultant, was born in Yar- mouth, Maine, December 1, 1839. He re- ceived his literary education in Waterville College. In 1859 he entered Rush Medical College of Chicago, from which he gradu- ated in 1862. Entering the Union army- soon after, he received an appointment April 17, 1862, as acting assistant surgeon of United States volunteers, and was or- dered to Keokuk, Iowa, where he was as- signed to duty with the wounded in the battle of Shiloh. He was transferred to the department of Cumberland and was as- signed to hospital duty at Nashville. He was appointed and commissioned first as- sistant surgeon of the Eighty-ninth Illinois infantry on May 27, 1863, and joined his regiment at Murfreesboro. From that time until June, 1865, he was with the first brig- ade, third division, fourth army corps, and participated in all the engagements of that corps during the war. He was taken pris- oner at Chickamauga while attending to the wounded on the field. He remained on duty in the prison hospital until January, 1864, when he was sent to Libby prison at Rich- mond, where he was exchanged February4, 1864. He rejoined his regiment in the field in April and participated in the Atlanta campaign. He was mustered out of service in Nashville and was honorably discharged at Chicago, June 24, 1865. Lieutenant Col- onel William D. Williams, of the Eighty- ninth Illinois, in command of the regiment, in his report of the regiment in the oflBcial records of the Civil war, took occasion high- ly to commend the record of Dr. Thombs for his zeal and efficiency throughout the long campaigns of the regiment. Soon after the end of the war he received from the government a staff appointment as surgeon of the United States volunteers, and was assigned to Murfreesboro, Tennessee, as post surgeon, remaining there until June, 1866, when he retired from the service and returned to his old home in Maine. In August, 1866, Dr. Thombs came to Colorado and shortly afterwards opened an office in Pueblo, soon acquiring a large practice. In May, 1879, the legislature having provided for an asylum for insane, he was appointed resident physician and superintendent. When he took charge of the asylum after his appointment by Governor Pitkin, he found a few dilapidated buildings set in a few acres of rolling alkali waste. In this discouraging field his energy found a fruit- ful opportunity for its expenditure. He suc- ceeded in securing irrigation and the mag- nificent grounds which now surround the splendid buildings of the institution as well as the buildings themselves, stand as a monument to Dr. Thombs. He resigned September 1, 1899, being succeeded by Dr. A. P. Busey, and resumed general practice in Pueblo. At the time of his death he was the oldest practicing physician in Southern Colorado. Since 1880 he has been on the consulting staff of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. After an illness of less than two weeks, he died April 28, 1902. A. T. King, M. D., of Pueblo, Consultant, was born in Bells Hill, in the suburbs of Glasgow, Scotland, March 23, 1851. When two years old he came to America with his parents. In 1876 he graduated from the classical department of Rock River Semi- nary at Mount Morris, Illinois. In March, 1881, he graduated from the University Medical College of Chicago, which is the medical department of North Western Uni- versity. In 1881-2 he was interne at St. Luke's Hospital, Chicago. In February, 1882, he came to Pueblo to work for the Colorado Coal and Iron Company, and was appointed surgeon for Coal Creek, which po- sition he held until May, 1884. Since 1884 he has been on the consulting staff of the Company. Dr. King was mayor of Pueblo, 1895-7, having been elected on the Citizen's ticket. Hubert Work, M. D., of Pueblo, Consult- ant, was born in Indiana, Pa., July 3, 1860. He studied in the University of Michigan and in the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, from which he graduated in 1885. Coming to Colorodo, he practiced for two years at Greeley and for five years at Fort Morgan. In 1892 he removed to Pueblo and engaged in general practice. In 1896 he started Mount Pleasant hospital for nervous and mental diseases. In 1900 he enlarged this hospital and changed its name and location to Woodcroft. Of late Dr. Work has given up general practice, and is devoting his entire time to consulta- tion work and the management of his hos- pital. During the investigation in Decern- 174 CAMP AND PLANT. ber, 1898, and January and February, 1899, by the General Assembly, into the manage- ment of the State Insane Asylum at Pueblo, Dr. Work was acting superintendent of that institution. He served a term as a mem- ber of the State Board of Medical Examin- ers, having been appointed by Governor Cooper in 1888. For the last seven years he has been a member of the State Board of Health, of which he has been president for the past four years. He was president of the State Medical Society in 1894-5, be- ing the youngest physician ever elected to that position. He is consultant on the staff of the State Insane Asylum, and since 1898 has been on the consulting staff of the Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company. E. W. Varley, D. D. S., of Pueblo, Consult- ant, was born in Ohio and graduated from the Dental Department of the University of Denver in 1889. He came to Pueblo in 1889, since which time he has been practicing his profession in that city. Since 1890 he has been consultant on the staff of the Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company. A Little Patient in the C. F. & L Hospital. MINNEQUA WORKS. J 75 CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY published by the sociological department of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company and devoted to news from the mines and mills LAWRENCE LEWIS, Editor Denver Pueblo OFFICES : Boston Building, Room 720 Minnequa Hospital Subscription Price - $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Saturday, August 16, 1902 a NEWS ITEMS »J» 1 J MINNEQUA. STORKS PUEBI^O Miss Armstrong, one of the popular oper- ators of the Minnequa office force, has been transferred to the Denver office. Before leaving for Denver Miss Armstrong vfill take a three months' leave of absence and will spend it in Kentucky and Tennessee, in vsrhich states she formerly lived. The friends of the young lady rejoice in her pro- motion and wish her the success which she richly deserves. Mr. Thompson, superintendent of the mason department, and family, have re- turned from a two-weeks' outing at Beu- lah, and report a most enjoyable time. B. A. Langworthy has resigned his posi- tion as superintendent of the drug depart- ment for the Colorado Supply Company, and has been succeeded by C. F. Long. Charles McAfee is among the new sub- scribers for Camp and Plant this week. There were quite a few men missing on July 31 in the mason department, on ac- count of Ringling Brothers' big show. A, W. Kennedy, timekeeper at the Min- nequa office, has moved his family into new quarters on Routt Avenue. F. A. Brenner is building a fine home in the Minnequa Addition. Carl Bauer is making great preparations to enter college this year. The new system now in effect at the Colo- rado Fuel and Iron office requires the men in the works to get orders for scrip direct from the timekeeper. George W. Bowen, president of the Min- nequa Town Company, has been in Denver on business. Who said George Opper was a prize fighter? John Snyder, cutter in the meat depart- ment of the Supply Company, is taking his vacation. Everyone wanted extra numbers of the Minnequa Edition of Camp and Plant. Alphonse Ohrtman, one of our popular timekeepers, has sold his saddle horse, con- sideration $250.00. Mr. Bliem, better known as "Shorty," was quite ill last week, but is better at present writing. Miss Stanley of the office force, is spend- ing her vacation at Salt Lake, and expects to visit California before returning. John C. Percy, late of Edgar Thompson furnaces, has been appointed general fore- man opposite Thomas Burke, by R. H. Lee, superintendent of the blast furnace depart- ment. Thomas Persons has been appointed general foreman of the ore department. All the pig iron from blast furnace B is now carried in pots to the big moulding machine, instead of being moulded in sand. The building in which the iron was run into pigs is now being torn down. When the new converter is completed the molten iron will be carried in pot cars to the mixer, from which it will be supplied directly to the ten-ton vessels. The skip on blast furnace D was success- fully raised Tuesday of last week. A. L. Kellogg, for many years connected in a responsible capacity with the Henkel- Duke Mercantile Company, has accepted a position with the Colorado Supply Company in Pueblo, and is in charge of the wholesale grocery department. A nine-pound boy was born to Mr. and Mrs. C. J. Fleisch, 1112 Crystal Place, Mr. J76 MINNEQUA WORKS— LIME. Fleisch holds a responsible position in the office of General Supterintendent E. G. Rust. Mr. Schubert, foreman of the machine shop for fourteen years, but for the past seven months with the Iron City Manu- facturing Company, has returned as assist- ant superintendent in charge of construc- tion at the Minnoqua Works. All of Mr. Schubert's friends about the plant are glad to see him again at the works, and wish him all success in his new position. A. G. Hartenstein, A. D. Skillman and William Boyd, of the drafting office, are preparing to join Buffalo Bill's Wild West show. Every Saturday afternoon sees them broncho busting and shooting (with a cam- era). The proverbial stork stopped in Block M week before last and left a little girl at the home of H. B. Rust, superintendent of construction. Thursday afternoon, September 18, at the State Fair at Pueblo, will occur one of the most largely attended weddings that ever took place in Colorado. The young couple have already announced themselves and in addition to the $50 in gold offered by Sam Baer & Company, other merchants have added such wedding gifts as a cook stove, a rocking chair, etc. Saturday will be Bessemer Day and the management is anxious to provide for that day a program which will be especially enjoyed by the employes of the big steel works and their families. Five dollars in cash will be given for the best suggestion along these lines. All suggestions should be mailed as early as possible to the secretary, Charles A. Gallo- way, secretary, 414 Main Street, Pueblo, Colorado. LIME. It is now an established fact that the town of Lime is thoroughly up to date. According to pioneers, August 5 she sur- passed her maximum flood record. Her two streams, the St. Charles and Green Horn, co-operated in devastating crops, carrying off property both personal and real, and terrorizing the whole community. Between the hours of five and six, the St. Charles, from a creek of sand, was converted into a broad expanse of seething water. The surface covered with driftwood and debris of all descriptions. On the one side it em- braced the depot, warning Mr. Harrell to seek a more elevated position, which it is needless to state he did, boarding the train with his family. The residence of Superin- tendent Quinn, on the opposite side, was also invaded. The quarry force was called, in to assist in the removal of household articles. Some were taken to the upper story, and others to neighboring houses. As soon as the rooms could be cleared, men armed with brooms fought back the muddy water. At one time a cry of fire was heard. Investigation showed that a blaze had been started in the barn by the slacking of some barrels of lims. However the workmen, armed with their brooms, rushed to the scene and soon succeeded in extinguishing the fire. A stranger visiting Lime would no doubt consider it a very ancient city, antediluvian, perchance. Reference as to the occurence of events being always, "This took place before or after the flood." Superintendent J. D. Gilchrist of Sunrise and Engineer Sterling were business visi- tors here Tuesday of last week. Mr. James is working nights at the depot, in place of F. L. Reynolds, who is doing work in the Pueblo office. Miss Leona Southers is visiting friends in the vicinity of Lime. Engineer Salters of Reservoir No. 3 was in camp Friday evening. Mrs. B. A. Allen, wife of Engineer Allen, is spending a few weeks at her former home in the mountains near Beulah. Augusto Lobiasti, the man injured by a fall from the boarding house piazza, is still in the hospital. M. Jachetta of the firm Jachetta and Nigro, Pueblo, was a recent business visitor here. A large force of men has been doing work on the bridge near San Carlos for the last week. The Denver and Rio Grande has suffered much loss around us. H. A. Tucker had the misfortune to lose a few cattle in the late flood. Mention might be made of John Bloom- burg, the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company stable boss, who saved a horse from one of the flooded stables at considerable risk to himself. John is all right and is ever on the lookout for the Company's interest. L. I. Me. VOLUIE II SATURDAY, AUGUST 23, 1902 NUIBER 8 THE YEAR'S WORK "WHat tHe Sociological Departiii«i:\t Has AccomplisHed EXTRACTS FROM THE ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, KO'J— EARLY EFFORTS TOWARD SOCIAL BETTERMENT— ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SOCIOLOGICAL DE- PARTMENT JULY 25, 1901--THE FIELD— GREAT DIFFICULTIES THAT HAVE HAD TO BE OVERCOME -THE WORK IN DETAIL— EDUCATIONAL FEATURES: KINDERGARTENS, BOYS' AND girls' CLUBS. INSTRUCTION IN BOMFSTIC SCIENCE, NIGHT SCHOOLS. READING ROOMS AND REFERENCE LIBRARIES, CIRCULATING LIBRARIES, CIRCULATING ART COL- LECTIONS— WORK IN CO-OPERATION WITH EXISTING INSTITUTIONS: WITH CHURCHES, WITH PUBLIC SCHOOLS — AMUSEMENT FEATURE: AMUSEMENT AND BECEEATION HALLS. LECTURES AND EXHIBITIONS, GYMNASIA— SANITARY WORK: MODFL COMPANY HOUSES. BATHS AND GENERAL SANITARY WORK WITH THE MEDICAL DEPARTMENT N HIS annual report to Pres- ident J. A. Kebler, of the work for the year ending June 30, 1902, R. W. Corwin, M. D., superintendent, has the following to say about the History of the Sociological Department: Extract From Dr. Corwin's Review of the Work. Although sociological work has been carried on quite extensively by this com- pany for many years, with the exception of one branch, it was not regularly organ- ized as a department until a little more Dolls and Drums, Christmas Gifts of the Sociological Department to the Kindergartens. 178 CAMP AND PLANT. than a year ago. As early as 1882, read- ing room clubs were founded in different camps; later, social organizations institu- ed and bands formed and encouraged. I remember as long ago as 1883, Mr. A. H. , Danforth, General Manager of The Colo- rado Coal and Iron Company, remarked to the members of a very young brass band, composed of coal miners at Crested Butte, when they serenaded him at the Elk Mountain Hotel, "Gentlemen, not only do you take elements from the earth, but out of elements taken from the earth you make music." There was some founda- tion for the remark. The band had never before been together, for some members it was their first effort in public; the leader did nobly and the rest manfully followed. The snow was many feet deep and the crisp air, at an altitude of nearly two miles above the sea, had its effect upon the instruments; some of the horns became clogged with ice and valves stuck and refused to move, but the brave fel- lows played on and we listened; Nature, as usual, finally asserted herself, froze the instruments and restored peace and quiet. The members of the band received congratulations, which they deserved, and something more substantial, which they desired, to help them in their worthy and interesting work. Later in the sea- son when the elements were more con- siderate, the twenty feet of snow had disappeared, and the trees and flowers were rejoicing winter was over, we again listened to the same band, but they, too, had changed; we soon forgot our first sad experience and listened with pleasure to real music which these miners dug up from their souls. First Kindergarten Ten Years Ago. Ten years ago a kindergarten was start- ed in one camp and its success encour- aged the opening of Sv 'aools in other camps. This branch of important educa- tion was instituted by Mrs. J. A. Kebler, ably assisted by Mr. William J. Murray and others. Organization of the Department. The Company, Interested in the work, lent every assistance, ordered the erec- tion of school buildings and had their superintendents carefully watch the man- agement of the schools, and the local doctors and friends aided in furthering the cause of social betterment; but not until the spring of 1901 was the Depart- ment of Sociology regularly organized, which was brought about by the interest manifested by Mr. Osgood and Mr. Kebler who fully appreciated the importance of the work, not only that it would be an aid to the company, but a benefit to the employes and their families, a means of educating the younger generation, of im- proving the home relations and further- ing the interests of the men, making them better citizens and more contented with their work. Far Reaching Results of Social Better- ment Work. Sociology is not a passing fancy nor a matter of sentiment. It is a science and a necessity. It is in an evolutionary stage and a thing to be carefully v/orked out in its many phases. No set rules can be made or followed; each place has its own peculiar conditions which must be met differently; even that which has succeeded one season or year meets with failure the next. The effect of so- cial betterment may be seen at once, but its greatest good comes later. It is difl[i- cult to change the ways and manners of adults; their habits have been formed and are not easily altered. With age comes indifference, a desire to be let alone and a loss of ambition; but not so is it with the young. Children are tract- able, easily managed and molded, have no set ways to correct and recast; hence the importance of the kindergarten. The better the home the better the kinder- garten. One may read the home by the children. The home is a kindergarten for good or for evil, the parents the teach- ers. This was recognized early in the world's history, the ancients thoroughly understood it, the Greeks and Romans were cognizant of it. Cicero attributes Curio's use of language to home associa- tions; he says: "It is of great moment, whom one hears every day at home, with whom one speaks in boyhood and what language one's father and mother uses;" he further remarks, "We have read the letters of Cornelia, mother of the Gracchi ; it is evident that her sons were brought up no less truly in their mother's lan- guage than in their mother's arms." Hor- ace's father believed in teaching his sons CAMP AND PLANT. 179 by example rather than by precept. "Ju- venal deplores the fact that in his day the youths were corrupted by evil exam- ples which were found at home and which demoralized all the sooner when they en- tered the mind under the high authority of the parents. One reason alone, he says, should be sufficient to make us moral, namely: that our children may not imitate our vices." Co-Operation With Public Schools. Part of our work is trying to make parents see and understand these facts, and another part, to train the children that they may appreciate their value. We have carried our work into the public school, not to interfere with the school but to aid it. Inasmuch as we pay at most of the camps the larger proportion of taxes, and in some instances nearly all, we feel that we may take the liberty of suggesting that good school buildings be erected, the best teachers chosen, and free text books given the pupils. At our solicitation the State Superintendent of Public Instruction has furnished the schools at the mines with a uniform course of study so that children may not be embarrassed in school work when par- ents move from one to another camp. Loans to new school districts have been made wherever it is necessary to advance salaries or hasten the completion of buildings. Domestic Science Work. The cooking schools have been a suc- <5ess and the sewing classes popular. It has been arranged to cover a wider field ir these branches next year. Traveling Libraries and Art Collections. Reading Rooms and Night Schools. The traveling libraries have been well patronized, and, with one exception, the traveling art collections appreciated. Reading Rooms and Night Schools. Reading rooms and night schools have not in some instances been all that is •desired. Men from work are not in the best condition to study hard and often too tired to read. However, by no means have these departments been failures. In places where saloon attractions are not ^eat the reading rooms and night schools have been a decided success, and even In some places where the greatest num- ber of saloons have existed the reading rooms have flourished. Where it has been possible to introduce lectures and other amusements they have been received with enthusiasm. In one instance over half of the audience was composed of Italians who could not understand a word of the speaker, yet highly entertained were they with the lantern pictures. The lectures given by the local doctors have been in most cases very satisfactory and in some instances so popular that the parents as well as the children have asked for extra lectures. In one place, to better illustrate the growth of germs and teach the cause of disease, culture tubes were planted in the presence of children, with germs taken from their clothes, finger nails and teeth, and from the wall of the room in which they studied. The cultures were left to develop where they could . be watched by the children. The effect was forceful and the impressions lasting. Social Organizations. Social organizations have been encour- aged and boys' and girls' clubs formed wherever possible. Entertainments given by the members of societies are found to be beneficial to both the old and the young. In another portion of this report will be found an illustration of this very point, when Harmony Hall was more at- tractive than a prize fight. Christmas in the Kindergartens. Christmas has always been made a special feature in the schools and kinder- gartens ; the giving and receiving remem- brances on this Christian anniversary, in- stituted years ago by Mrs. Kebler, is far reaching in its benefits. Not only are the children made glad, but the parents delighted. Physical culture is popular, usually among the boys, and should be encour- aged. The question of baths has been con-, sidered, and shower baths have been in- troduced to take the place of tub baths, especially in barber shops and other pub- lic places. Model Homes for Employes. A feature of importance more fully mentioned elsewhere in this report, is the attention given by the company to homes for employes. Not only have the inside comforts of the buildings been considered but as well the outside appearance, and 180 CAMP AND PLANT. the moral effect of architecture and paint not overlooked. "Casa Vivienda" has done much to create a desire to have something better for the same amount of money, and has proven that taste is su- perior to wealth. The same idea has been carried out in the beautiful moun- tain village of Redstone, where a model home is kept on exhibition for inspection. An Experimental Year. This first year has been a sort of ex- perimental year. I feel, however, as though it has been, upon the whole, a very successful one. We have met with failures in some directions, but they have been but object lessons, and point out more efficient ways and methods for an- other year. "We have not succeeded in reaching the non-speaking English people as desired, but that will be remedied when we have more foreign literature and teachers who can speak the language of these people. The idea that the work of this department is not one of charity has been well established and it is thor- oughly understood that mutual and gen- eral benefits are the objects to be accom- plished. What Remains to Be Done. It is hoped next year may bring better results and that greater good may be achieved. Our plans for the next year are extensive and our wants will be nu- merous. More club houses are needed, and gymnasia, for the young especial- ly, are demanded. Public wash-houses and shower baths are on the list. Work in the Domestic Science Department will be more extensively conducted. In some places manual training could be encour- aged to advantage. In the kindergarten special features, already commenced, will be developed. Basketry, modeling, exam- inations of machinery, etc., will be in- stituted more thoroughly; stamp and pen- ny banks for children instituted in every camp, to develop economy and thrift and to show the value of money. A greater number of circulating libraries are need- ed, and it is hoped by proper methods a better class of books may be studied. Clubs, lectures, lantern exhibitions and other entertainments, local and foreign, have been considered. It has been thought advisable to have a leading feature of industry started in each camp, so that every place may be known for doing some meritorious, special, and practical work. These and many more special features have been planned for next year. To Whom the Credit Is Due. I should be glad if I could show my appreciation {o all who have aided us in this work by mentioning their names in this report, but it is impossible — the list would make the report appear like a city directory. Not only have the offi- cials of the company been especially con- siderate but the employes have taken a personal pride in the work and given their assistance whenever it was possible; neighbors and friends have universally tendered their services and gone out of their way to further the cause. Many let- ters from Eastern workers, telling us of their doings and making valuable sug- gestions, have been received and appre- ciated. The Camp and Plant has been most serviceable in uniting and interest- ing our people and making them under- stand and appreciate the real meaning and worth of social betterment. THE LEAGUE FOR SOCIAL SERVICE. The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company has a "commercial membership" in The League for Social Service, New York City, and receives from it, besides "So- cial Service," the League's monthly pub- lication, weekly bulletins or reports of sociological conditions, experiments, and movements from all over the world. The Company has also contributed to the League's financial support. Kindergarten Building and Some of the Kindergarten Pupils at El Moro. CAMP AND PLANT. 18f A BIT of HISTORY. Social Betterment Work Years Ago — Ri- valry Between Old Rouse and So- pris — The Early Kindergartens. jN 1885, the Colorado Fuel Company, as then known, took possession of the Anthracite, or Smith mine, about four miles from Crested Butte, Gun- nison County, Colo. Mr. J. A. Kebler, now President of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, took charge as General Man- ager. He was interested in everything, and his care for the advancement of those imder his charge, socially, sanitarily, edu- cationally, and morally were then, as now, the origin of the company's social betterment work. Opening of Sopris and Old Rouse. In 1887, Sopris mine was opened and the coke ovens built in 1888, in which year Rouse mine was opened. Soon those in authority at Sopris recognized need- ful requirements for betterment, the first appearing to be educational facilities. Meetings of the School Directors were held, the taxpayers consulted, bonds voted and a well appointed school house built, which stands to-day as a monument to those whose wisdom was displayed in its construction. Emulation Between Rouse and Sopris. In 1888 and 1889, a generous rivalry sprang up between Sopris and Rouse, the latter in the meantime advancing as vigorously and becoming as progressive in all things as the former. The rivalry existing between Sopris and Rouse was not of the carping kind which longs for the rival's failure, but rather the emula- tion seen among those in honorable and worthy battle striving for victory, but each helping, if need be, his weak and laggard companion. When Sopris placed a fountain in her school house front yard, Rouse built an ornate fence around hers. When Sopris planted trees and a lawn around her school, Rouse placed on the cupola of hers a sixteen hundred pound bell, the musical peal of which could be heard for miles around. When Sopris gave notice of an elaborate grand ball. Rouse constructed a stage, had scenery painted, and gave an entertainment by local talent, followed later by others, the memories of which still dwell with many of the old timers. And thus the rivalry continued. Its Good Results. Emulation, sometimes almost reaching the point of conflict, is often a potent so- ciological force, and in but few phases has its profitableness been more apparent than in the new Sociological Department of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, where each camp is endeavoring to outdo its neighbor in all that pertains to its ad- vancement. Thus what was of benefit to Sopris was also recognized as beneficial to Rouse and with the experience gained by examination of conditions existing in the former place, a still more commodious school house was built at the latter. It was parallel in plan to the building at So- pris and when completed was furnished with the best modern equipment. Sociol- Old Rouse. }82 CAMP AND PLANT. ogy, social science, carried on for the ad- vancement and betterment of the camps, became an important factor under the fostering care of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, and while there was, in those days, no Sociological Department recognized by formal declaration as a distinct and separate department, as now, the interest was as keen, the effort as great, the care as intense, the results to be as much lauded as at present. A li- brary was established, the school graded according to the advice of the best ed- ucators in Colorado, text books furnished free to the children, and a kindergarten department made one of the leading and most attractive features. Old Rouse. The camp of Old Rouse was ideally lo- cated, surrounded by hills mantled by the hardy pinon and cedar clad in perennial green. Comfortable homes were con- structed for officers and employes, a water system arranged, sanitary meas- ures rigidly enforced and an electric lighting plant installed. Balls, parties, f§tes, literary and musical, as well as social, gatherings became more than weekly features, and added much to the life of the camp. The Drowning of the Old Rouse Mine and Removal of the Town to Make New Rouse. When Rouse was first opened, scarcity of water was most keenly felt, as its abundance later proved its destruction. An electric plant was built to handle the immense quantity of water in the mine, pumping at one time 1500 gallons per minute, or sufficient to supply a town of 8,000 inhabitants with all the needs for domestic and other purposes. And so, one fine morning, the miner with his pick, the trapper with his lamp, the superin- tendent with his fear-fed face, were no- tified that the mine was drowned! Yes, drowned, not figuratively, but actually drowned! The amount of water had be- come so great that it could no longer be controlled, and orders were given to abandon Rouse with its homes and its school, its smiles and tears, its happi- ness and the few sorrows which had been its share. Old Rouse was abandoned and a new Rouse arose, the people tak- ing with them their homes and their school and their greater joys, leaving behind them their sorrows and their fears. The Old and the New Sociological Work. To-day again the same old emulation is Moving Old Rouse. CAMP AND PLANT. J83 alive, as well it should be, because it makes the people happier, more content- ed and self-advancing. Sociological work is again being done, not as of old with no direction, but under guiding hands and better regulation. No failure was made under the older form, and the work so auspiciously begun in the old days at An- thracite and Sopris and Rouse will now make more advancement in every camp of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company by reason of introduction of new and im- portant features. Traveling libraries, sewing, cooking and night schools, gym- nasia, bath rooms for employes, with the addition of daily papers and period- icals to the permanent reading rooms, of which latter there are many now in the different camps, were not features of the old sociology. Schools and halls for. entertainments now being built were not among its features, nor were lectures on anatomy, physiology, hygiene, etc., as now, but, after all, may not it be said that the efforts of those active workers in the old and the more incomplete sociology have paved the way for greater things and that all the old and the new alike can look back with kind remembrance of the days when the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, now grown to great maturity, an important factor in the industries of our common country, was in its babyhood, its swaddling clothes, but, like the three days old Hercules, prophesying its . own great future by daring to grapple the ser* pents. Ignorance and Vice, enemies of gods and men. T. J. F. The Early Kindergartens. This historical preface would not be complete without a brief account at least of the important early kindergarten work instituted by Mrs. J. A. Kebler long before a Sociological Department was thought of; for perhaps more than any other one thing the success of these kin- dergartens has led up to the formation of this department. Free Kindergarten at Sopris Before tlie Scliool Laws Provided for Free Kindergartens. In the year 1892, before the laws of Col- orado provided for the establishment of free kindergartens, a kindergarten was opened at Sopris. Mr. W. J. Murray was at that time mine superintendent and to his enthusiasm and energy and careful supervision is largely due the success of this pioneer effort. Funds for the sup- port of the school were raised by socials and entertainments, and in all this work Superintendent Murray was untiring. Since that time this branch of education at Sopris has been kept up continuously. It was about the same date that the kindergarten at Old Rouse, mentioned in the preceding article by Dr. Forhan, was opened. Then followed Engle, El Moro, Starkville, Rockvale, and New Rouse or Santa Clara, after the abandonment of Old Rouse. These were all carried on under the guidance of the management mentioned above, the company providing for salaries and supplies when the camps were unable to meet their obligations. The people were in nearly every in- stance glad to co-operate and to send their children to the schools. In one camp. El Moro, where the population is almost all Italian, Mr. W. A. Garner and wife donated the land for the kindergar- ten site, and the company erected a sub- stantial brick building. Many incidents could be told of this work. Children under three years of age were brought, and the expedient was re- sorted to of having pillows for these to sleep on. One little fellow, who came tugging his tiny baby sister, was asked how old she was. "Oh," he replied, "she's five years old when she comes to school, but she's two and a half at home." On the other hand, girls of fourteen and six- teen years attended in order to learn English. The teacher always tried to have a number of entertainments in the course of the year. It was in these kindergar- tens that the mother of this work inaug- urated the custom of observing Christ- mas by gifts to the children and by hav- ing the children give little remembrances to each other and to their parents. The foresight and thoughtfulness, the interest and care of the founder of these kindergartens have wrought incalculable good in the benefits they have given the mining camps. They have been largely instrumental in promoting the formation of this department and have rendered much easier its work of organizing for the present year. t84 CAMP AND PLANT. THE NATURE AND SCOPE of THE DEPARTMENT'S -WTORK. The following circular sent out from the General Manager's office following the establishment of the Sociological Depart- ment, states briefly the scope and nature of the Department's work: THE COLORADO FUEL AND IRON COMPANY. GENERAL MANAGER'S OFFICE. Denver, Colo., July 25, 1901. To All Concerned: In order to better the living conditions of our employes, a new department is herebyy created to be called THE SO- CIOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT. Dr. R. W. Corwin, in addition to his duties as Chief Surgeon, is hereby ap- pointed Superintendent of the Sociologi- cal Department, and Mr. H. J. Wilson, Assistant Superintendent. This department will have general charge of all matters pertaining to edu- cation and sanitary conditions and any other matters which should assist in bet- tering the conditions under which our men live. All Superintendents should co-operate with this department in every way. J. A. KEBLER, Second Vice-Pres't and Gen'l Mgr. Physical Characteristics. Perhaps never before was a work of this character attempted in so unique a field. The physical features are them- selves enough to make this work stand entirely alone. Extending over Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico, with the ex- tremes a thousand miles apart, the field embraces thirty-eight mining and coke camps, rolling mills at Laramie, Wyo- ming, a vast Steel Plant at Pueblo, Col- orado, and two railroads. To travel from one camp or plant to another, visiting one each day, until the whole field was cov- ered, would require six weeks and a 3,600 mile journey. Some of the camps are lo- cated along the edge of the plains in the foothills, some in reclaimed portions of the desert, some in the valleys and can- ons, and some nestle high up on the mountain sides. In a field of such diver- sified topography there could scarcely be other than a diversity of climatic con- Italian Woman Baking Bread at El Moro. CAMP AND PLANT. 185 ditions. The plains and foothills, with their low elevation of four or five thou- sand feet, present in their high winds and sandstorms, their long intervals without rainfall and their severe arid heat, a strong contrast to the mountain camps, eight to eleven thousand feet high, with their deep snow and heavy rain and elec- trical storms and their cool invigorating breezes. What a change, too, from the gay quaking aspens, the graceful silver- tipped firs and the stately pines of the mountains, the columbine and mariposa lily, to the scrubby pinon, sage brush and yucca, and the Spanish bayonet and cac- tus of the plains. Or, again, how like the wretched shrubs and vegetation of the desert is the stunted growth of the high- est camps, dwarfed by altitude and starved by lack of soil. Social Features of the Field. But it is not alone the physical charac- teristics which render the Department's field and problem unique. The social phase itself is very complicated. Be- tween sixteen and seventeen thousand employes, representing, all told, probably an aggregate of seventy or eighty thou- sand souls, constitute the number of per- sons whom the work of the Department is expected to reach. Think, if you will, of a city as large as Lowell, Massachu- setts; Dayton, Ohio; Nashville, Tennes- see, or Portland, Oregon, and you will have a fairly adequate idea of the num- ber of our contingency. To add to the difficulty of handling such a large number, our people are scat- tered about, it will be remembered, in forty different communities having popu- lations ranging from five hundred to three or four thousand. This renders concen- tration of effort extremely difficult, al- most impossible, necessitates a larger force of workers, a greater amount of equipment and a manifold duplication of supplies, and in the matter of suitable buildings, puts the Department at a great disadvantage which, except at a ruinous expense, it is quite impossible to remedy. Thirty-Two Nationalities. Were our people but concentrated they could readily be given the advantages of a Hull House or a Commons, which, under prevailing conditions, is absolutely im- possible — the establishment of such an in- stitution at every camp is not to be con- sidered. This population represents in varying proportions thirty-two nationali- ties. Not only have we the English-speak- ing peoples well represented, but Italians, Austrians, Mexicans, Indians, Japanese, Bohemians, Poles, Russians, Swedes, Nor- wegians, Danes, Dutch, German and French, and many more. Twenty-Seven Languages. It has been estimated that twenty-seven different languages, to say nothing of dia- lects, which often differ almost as much as the languages themselves, are spoken by our employes. As noted before, of those speaking foreign tongues, Italians, Mexicans and Austrians are most numer- ous, while Greeks, Japs, Slavs and Scan- dinavians present a very considerable proportion. It follows naturally that the language difficulty ranks among the most important. To find suitable workers who are proficient in French and German is comparatively an easy matter, but a capa- ble worker who can speak one or more of the tongues just mentioned is rare. The Language Difficulty. But the language difficulty does not ap- ply merely in the relations of the social workers to the people. In far greater de- gree it affects the people's relations and intercourse with each other. Mexicans will associate with Mexicans, Italians with Italians, English-speaking with Eng- lish-speaking, but usually any attempt at admixture of races comes to grief. This necessitates, instead of a concentration of effort upon all classes at once, a special- ization of work among special classes, calling for not only a greater number of workers, but differently qualified in point of language and especially of adaptability to the tastes and customs and prejudices and racial characteristics represented by the various languages. These racial dif- ferences are even manifested at times by people of different dialects. Northern and Southern Italians and Sicilians are a good illustration of the feeling some- times displayed. Not infrequently has it developed into a really warlike situation, shown on several occasions on the Hospi- tal lawn by convalescent patients hurling at each other canes and crutches and other instruments of war. It manifests itself most frequently, however, in the 186 CAMP AND PLANT. less dangerous but not less earnest bat- tles among the school children, who for- get only occasionally the traditional ex- isting state of war. In a nutshell, the lin- gual differences make an amalgamation of peoples well nigh impossible, certainly most difficult. Tenacity of Old World Customs. In such a mixture of races it is not strange that there should be a great vari- ety of customs imported from the home land, some of which are clung to most tenaciously. Neither is it strange that their ideals differ much from the common American standard, that they possess many and strong prejudices, and that their suspicions are easily and quickly aroused. But taken as a whole our people are remarkably peaceable and law abiding, their greatest shortcoming undoubtedly being drunkenness. Gamb- ling, rampant in so many mining commu- nities, is indulged in to a very small de- gree, comparatively, in our camps. Con- trary to the accepted opinion regarding miners and mining comunities, so seldom are crimes committed and so general is hospitality and good will that nowhere are life and treasure safer than in these settlements. The shortcomings of our men we would not attempt to extenuate; but, with all their defects, they have a large element of good in them, and no class will be found more generous and big-hearted, more ready to help a brother, than they. In the next issue of Camp and Plant will be found a detailed description of the work which may be classified roughly under the heads: I. Educational Features, which include (a) kindergartens, (b) boys' and girls' clubs, (c) Domestic Science work, (d) night schools, (e) reading rooms and libraries, (f) circulating libraries, (g) cir- culating art collection, (h) lectures. II. Work in co-operation with existing institutions: (a) with churches, (b) with public schools. III. Amusement Fea- tures: (a) Regular work in amusement and recreation halls, (b) lectures and en- tertainments, (c) music, (d) gymnasia, (e) club houses. IV. Sanitary Work: (a) Building of workmen's model houses, (b) baths, (c) general sanitary work with medical department. Sopris Kindergarten. CAMP AND PLANT. 187 Officers and Staff of tl\e Sociolo£^ical Department. J. A. KEBLER, R. W. CORWIN, M. D., President, Superintendent, Denver, Colo. ' Pueblo, Colo. H. J. WILSON, Assistant Superintendent. Pueblo, Colo.. LAWRENCE LEWIS Editor Camp and Plant, Pueblo, Colo. MRS. MARGARET G. GRABILL. . .Superintendent of Kindergartens and Do- „.,,.-. mestic Science. Trinidad, Colo. MARGUERITE PENDERGAST Domestic Science— Cooking. MARY BILLINGS Domestic Science — Sewing. ELISABETH CAMPBELL Kindergarten Teacher. HELEN G. DWYER Kindergarten Teacher. "> GERTRUDE HEENAN Kindergarten Teacher. HYPATIA HOOPER Kindergarten Teacher. EDITH KNAPP Kindergarten Teacher. LEONORE LOXLEY Kindergarten Teacher. JULIA E. MERYWEATHER Kindergarten Teacher. MABEL H. MILLIGAN Kindergarten Teacher. C. L. FOSS Manager Bessemer Reading Room. THOMAS HANNIMAN Manager Engle Reading Room. MRS. JAMES MARTIN Manager Rouse Reading Room. G. SCHEMINZ Manager Sopris Reading Room. H. S. WHEELER Manager Redstone Reading Room. CHARLES A. HARE Night-school Teacher, Rouse. WILLIAM B. HAUSLER Night-school Teacher, Walsen. J. J. MATTHEWS Night-school Teacher, Rockvale. L. J. MORRISON Night-school Teacher Brookside. A. S. NEELY Night-school Teacher, Pictou. LILA O'BOYLE Night-school Teacher, Cardiff. SOLOMON PIFER Night-school Teacher, Engle. MRS. ROSE K. WRIGHT Night-school Teacher, Redstone. C. C. EVERHART Superintendent of Construction HORACE YEWELL Superintendent of Clubs, Coalbasin and Redstone. ROBERT A. BLAIR Directors Minnequa Band. JAMES McCLUSKY Director Starkville Gymnasium. F. L. JEWETT Summer Worker, Primero. RALPH E. REED Summer Worker, Rockvale. H. H. ROBINSON Summer Worker, Sopris. HELEN VAN WAGONER Summer Worker, Rouse. THOMAS J. WEST Summer Worker, Engle. f83 CAMP AND PLANT. EMERGENCY TR.EATMENT VI. JOINTS. "Wherever two bones meet a joint is formed. These may be immovable, as the dovetailed joints of the skull, or movable, as the elbow, hip or backbone. The more movable the joint the more complex the arrangement to prevent the bones from slip- ping out of place. The next skull you find examine the joints and see how cleverly nature has united the bones of the head to protect the brain. Examine a spinal column and observe how wonderfully the bones are joined. If it be a fish's spine you are ex- amining, you will find spaces filled with material to aid the fish in floating, yet not lessening the column in strength. The movable joints are works of art and marvelous pieces of mechanism. To avoid displacement we find the joints are protected by cartilage, tendons, liga- ments and synovial membrane. Cartilage. Cartilage or gristle is a tough, shiny sub- stance which covers the ends of the bones, and, like rubber, acts as a sort of bumper, breaking falls and jars. If it were not for cartilage, every time we jump upon our heels we would be in danger of injuring the brain or rupturing blood vessels. Ligaments. Ligaments are of two kinds, like the spi- der's web — one that stretches, and one that is not elastic. The white fibers do not stretch, but firmly hold the joints in posi- tion. They are easily twisted and may sus- tain what is termed a sprain. If these liga- ments be torn and the bone slips out of its socket, a dislocation occurs. The second set of fibers, or yellow liga- ments, are very elastic. A good example is the large band which is found at the back of one's neck, and which connects the head and the spine. Synovial Membrane. The joint is lined with a delicate mem- brane called synovial membrane, and pro- duces a substance named synovia. It re- sembles the white of an egg, and is poured out as required into the joint. It oils the joint, prevents friction, and keeps down in- flammation. When a joint is diseased, the synovial membrane becomes effected. The inflammation may extend to the cartilage and to the bones. The first step is called synovitis — or white swelling. If the bones become effected, we may have a stiff joint, or ankylosis, or death of bone, called ne- crosis. Danger of Injury to Joints. One should be most careful not to bruise or injure a joint. A very slight injury may give much pain and suffering, cause a joint to lose its motion, and become stiff and useless — or even worse, become diseased, and the limb require amputation. niNTS ON HYGIENE VI. Impure and Improper Foods. You have seen some of the dangers of impure water; we shall now consider some of the dangers of impure and improper foods. Four Kinds of Foods. So that you may understand more readily, I shall give a broad classification of foods. There are only four: 1 — Proteid, as meat. 2 — Carbohydrate, or vegetable. 3— Fat. 4 — Salts, as common table salt. Man Needs All Four Kinds. It has been found by experience as well as by experiments that man can not remain healthy on any one of these alone, but should have all four in his bill of fare. The reason for this lies in the fact that each cell of the human body contains certain chemical substances in definite proportions CAMP AND PLANT. J89 and, in order to enable the body to build up new cells in place of the old broken down ones, it must get the several chemical ele- ments which are contained in each of these four food classes. Taken in Certain Ratio. The proteids contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, with some sulphur and phosphorus; while carbohydrates con- tain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. The body must take in one part of nitrogen to every fifteen parts of carbon, hence a con- siderable amount of proteid matter must be used, in order to supply this nitrogen. Furthermore, to preserve health, there must be a certain ratio between the amounts of each food class taken into the body. This varies somewhat with the person and with environment, but is more or less uniform. What Happens if You Eat Too Much of One Sort of Food. For instance, if not enough proteid is eaten, the tissues of the body break down to sup- ply the requisite amount of nitrogen. Or, if too much is taken, one of three things happens: Either the excess of proteid ma- terial is not absorbed or used up, but passes on through the bowels and putrefies, be- ing acted on by the germs in the bowels, causing excessive gas formation, and lead- ing to dyspepsia, constipation, diarrhoea, etc. Or, it may be absorbed and act as a poison, causing congestion and enlargement of the liver, this in turn giving rise to bil- iousness, lassitude and headaches. Gout and rheumatism may also result from this. Or, it may be used up by the body, if a great amount of exercise is taken, so that the material is all oxidized. But too much dependence should not be placed on this, as only in healthy, active men can this occur. In the majority of cases either the first or second is most apt to happen. Often, even when the proper amount of proteid food is ingested, it passes on, unused, into the bowels, because in the hurry and rush of a busy life not enough time is taken to chew properly and thoroughly the food. In this case, not only is there not enough nitrogen absorbed, so that the tissues of the body have to waste away in order to supply it; but the proteid in the bowels, putrefies and causes biliousness and head- aches. How to Avoid Stomach, Liver and Bowel Trouble. Now, let me sum up what I wish to im- press on your minds: 1 — Take more time for your meals and thoroughly chew your food, especially the meats. 2 — Do not eat too much meat. If you find there is excessive gas formation, or if you are subject to headaches or biliousness or constipation, try getting along on a smaller amount of proteid food. 3 — Take plenty of exercise in the open air. Do not misunderstand me. I am not preaching exercise to the hard-working coal miner or manual laborer, but to the man of more or less sedentary habits. If anything in this paper fits your case, profit by it and leave the rest for someone else. DOMESTIC SCIENCE VI. New England Diet. The domestic part of living differs in most lands. In these United States it not only differs from other countries, but differs in the different states of the United States. In Kentucky they not only eat fowl and fish, but they eat it fried. In Massachusetts they eat more vegetables, and eat every style of food possible to eat, baked. For instance, a New England farmer's menu for one day would read something like this: Breakfast, 5:30 A. M., coffee or tea, dough- nuts, brown bread and butter (fresh butter — meaning no salt or just enough to keep the butter from spoiling) ; boiled eggs, pota- toes, generally boiled in the skin; butter gravy, cookies. Dinner, 12 noon: Chicken stewed with dumpling, boiled potatoes, home J90 CAMP AND PLANT. made bread, custard pie and apple sauce. Supper: Bread and milk for the members of the family who wish it; corn meal mush and milk, baked potatoes, apple pie and at least gingerbread and nearly always one or two kinds of pie and cake, apple sauce. This menu differs in summer as the farm- ers raise all kinds of vegetables and only sell what they cannot eat themselves. Boston Baked Beans. The Boston baked bean is never absent from the New Englander's table, and this is how they bake them: Most New England houses have a brick oven. A fire is built in this oven and kept going until the oven reaches a white heat or until the bricks are a white glare. The beans are carefully picked to avoid dirt, and washed, then placed in a pot and boiled until the cook tries them by taking a few in a spoon and allowing the fresh air to blow over them, and if the skins crack, they are taken from the fire and the pot (which must always be of an earthen variety) to bake them in stands ready. They are drained of the water in which they were boiled and placed in the bean pot. The pot is filled within an inch of the top, a piece of corned pork is then placed on the top of the beans, and the pot is filled with two tablespoonfuls of molasses, one of sale, and water enough to fill bean pot to top, then poured into the pot and placed in this red hot oven. About once in two or three hours they fill the beans again, keeping them baking for not less than twenty-four hours — and often for thirty-six. When taken from the oven they should be moist, red and whole — not like the mushy stuff we get served us in many places called "Boston Baked Beans." SOCIAL SCI£NCK V. HOME DECORATION— INTERIOR. In the preceding article we took up the question of interior decoration in a general way, and discussed briefly the subject of pictures. It was seen that good pictures were as well within the reach of all as poor pictures, that good taste and the gratifica- tion, of It cost no more than poor taste. Simplicity in Picture Frames. The same remark applies to picture frames. How many, many parlors have you entered and been confronted with pictures having about them the most wonderful frames? Not plain, solid, serviceable-look- ing frames, but wonderfully "carved" with a fantastic embellishment of paint and gild- ing. Mr. Bok, editor of the Ladies' Home Journal, has re-stated an old rule of art by saying that nothing is ornamental which Is not at the same time serviceable, that has not the appearance of practicability. He holds that in our homes we have no room for things which possess no practical, useful significance. The necessary things may be made sufficiently artistic to meet the re- quirements of the most refined taste. Of course he does not mean by this to rule out pictures and other such decorative features, for he is a thorough believer in their useful- ness. Plain, Natural Finish Frames Most Artistic. You may feel safe, then, in insisting upon plainness in your picture frames. The rich- est looking frame, after all, is one which is made from some good wood in natural finish, with little, if any, gilding, and that so distributed as properly to emphasize the effect of the picture or the natural beauty of the wood. The less "carving" the better, and the frame may be much lighter and smaller than the huge, ungainly specimens which one so often sees. The cut shown on page 191 is a repro- duction of Leonardo da Vinci's Last Supper, a world-famous fresco, with figures larger than life, painted on the wall of the old con- vent of Santa Maria della Grazie, Milan. Here Jesus and the twelve are alone. They are seated at a table, on which is placed a light repast. Jesus is the central figure. The painter has seized upon the moment of utterance of the prophetic and awful words, "One of you shall betray me." The members of the group are filled with im- passioned excitement. Some are stunned by the enormity of the charge; others are vo- ciferous, indulging in violent gestures and powerful emotions. A convulsive start has caused Judas to overturn the salt, while his mean, avaricious profile turns toward the face of the Christ to try to read therein further indications of discovery. This is one of the most successful efforts In the whole realm of art, and it alone would rank Leonardo among the world's greatest paint- ers. No matter what your creed or your religious profession, nothing should prevent you from admiring that unparalleled head of Christ, and the representation of the pro- found and varied emotions which stir the group of apostles. CAMP AND PLANT. 191 « a a 3 (0 m -I « 192 CAMP AND PLANT. Aker, Dominick, of Berwind, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 12, on account of typhoii fever, is doing well. Alexander, Robert, of Walsenburg, who was sent to the hospital May 16 because of an abscess on the stump of an amputated leg, and who was again operated upon on June 10, is walking about. Anderson, S. P., of Sopris, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 12 on account of an injured hand, caused by a premature explosion of dynamite, is nearly well. Areman, N., of Primero, who was admitted to the hospital July 16 on account of a con- tused head, is getting better. Arnijio, B., of El Moro, who was admitted to the hospital August 2 with a contused right ankle, is ioing well. Bassit, A. D., of Pictou, who was sent to the hospital July 25 with severe burns on his face and hands, has gone home. Black, R. E., of the Denver office force, who was admitted to the hospital August 2 with tonsilitis, went home this week. Brown, William, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July 16 with a fractured right tibia and left femur, is doing nicely. Brubaker, W. E., of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 9 on account of a contused foot, has gone home to Denver. Cassas, Amido, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 19, on account of a lacerated left hand, is doing nicely. Chappetti, Pete, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerrillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 with a hepatic abscess (abscess of the liver), was operated upon July 5 and is doing well. Conzoni, James, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July 8, ill with typhoid fever, has gone home. Conti, Dana, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with two broken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg, and is getting better. Cundy, John, of Engle, who was admitted to the hospital August 7 on account of a corneal ulcer, is doing well. Davenport, Harry, of Segundo, who was sent to the hospital July 9 with lacerations of the scalp, has gone home. Diaz, Pedro, of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital August 7 on account of a probable fracture at the base of the skull, has been taken to his home in Espinola, New Mexico, by his brother. He is improv- ing. Dunali, James, of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital July 8 on account of a burned eye, is getting better. Fatour, John, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 8 on account of a fractured leg, is now walking about. Framarme, Frank, of Trinidad, an em- ploye of the Colorado & Wyoming Railway (Southern Division), who entered the hos- pital July 9 and who is being treated for lacerations of his hand, is doing nicely. Freil, James, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 7 on account of a broken forearm, has gone home. Garda, Felix, of Brookside, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account of contused back and legs, is doing well. Gratt, Josie., of Primero, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 8 on acount of a fractured leg, is now walking about. Hegedus, Joseph, of Primero, who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is now walking about the yard. Hull, A. L., of Cardiff, mine clerk for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, was ad- mitted to the hospital July 28 with tuber- culosis, has gone to his home in Denver. Lobasti, August, of Lime, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 7 with a sprained back, has gone home. Marola, John, of Spring Gulch, who came to the hospital July 18 because of an in- fected right arm, is doing well. Michelich, George, of Coalbasin, who was admitted to the hospital May 3, on account of a fractured leg, is walking around. Myers, Martin, of Fremont, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 13, has been operated upon and now is up and walking about. Osterman, Andy, of the Laramie rolling mills, who was admitted to the hospital June 15 on account of lacerations over his eye, has gone home. Pagnolta, Forte, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25, on account of a contused head, is doing well. Pergeroni, Angelo, of Primero, who came CAMP AND PLANT. 193 to the hospital July 16 with a contused foot, went home July 22. Perrin, W. G., of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 21 on account of lumbago, is improving. Polhill, B. F., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 18, suffering from typhoid fever, has returned to Segundo. Randle, C. P., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account of a lacerated and contused leg, injuries which were sustained by him by being caught under a moving train, is beginning to improve. Rose, Peter, of Coalbasin, who was sent to the hospital July 16 on account of a com- pound fracture of the right arm, is doing well. Ruybalid, Lewis, of Orient, was admitted to the hospital April 12 with a compound fracture of the left thigh. It was feared at first that the leg might have to be ampu- tated, but it has been saved. Ruybalid has gone home. Scanlan, Martin, of Segundo, who was sent to the hospital August 6 on account of pleurisy, is improving. Seimenia, Philip, of Tabasco, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 20 on account of a broken leg, has gone home. Silba, Chris, of Tabasco, who was sent to the hospital July 11 on account of typhoid fever, has gone home. Vavra, Malachi, of Brookside, who was admitted to the hospital July 17, ill with typhoid fever, is getting better. Versailii, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 19 with a lac- erated hand, is doing well. Vito, Cresto, of Sunrise, who was admitted to the hospital May 14, on account of a broken leg, has gone home. Wallace, William, of Segundo, who was admitted to the hospital July 5, on account of bruises about the body, caused by fall- ing down a shaft, is improving. Watkin, William, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital July 21 with a com- pound fracture of the right leg, is doing well. Statements made in daily morning papers to the effect that Watkin's leg was amputated were incorrect, as the leg has been saved, and he is now walking about on crutches. Zambrano, Frank, of Tabasco, who was admitted to the hospital July 26 on account of typhoid fever, is doing well. Argument and flattery are but poor ele- ments out of which to form a conversation. — Goethe. View of Berwind, Vicinity of Store. 194 CAMP AND PLANT. CAMP AND PLANT == GALLUP, N. M. A WEEKLY published by the sociological department of The Colorado Fuel and Ikon Company AND devoted to NEWS FROM THE MINES AND MILLS LAWRENCE LEWIS, Editor Denver Pueblo offices : Boston Building, Room 720 Minnequa Hospital Subscription Price . $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Saturday, August 33, 1902 c js^ NEIVS ITEMS js^ NOTICE: The editor is anxious tliat all subscribers shall receive their papers promptly and reg- ularly. All complaints, which should be ad- dressed to the editor, will be gladly re- ceived and carefully looked into. NOTICE. W. H. Sawyer has been appointed manager of circulation for Camp and Plant. He is hereby authorized to se- cure subscriptions, make collections and attend to other details pertaining to the circulation of this weekly. NOTICE. R. Atkinson of the Time Keeping Department has been appointed corre- spondent for Camp and Plant for the Minnequa Works. Any news notes that are handed Mr. Atkinson, mailed him, or left at the main office for him will be very gladly received, and will be inserted in the succeeding issue of Camp and Plant. A black bear was killed this morning three miles west of Gallup by Andrew Casna, Dan and Ned Manning. Manager Kelly of the Colorado Supply Company's store pur- chased the bear, and the patrons of the Com- pany's market who relish this class of meat will do well to file their orders early. George Neiss, an employe of the American Bridge Company, sustained a badly sprained ankle, the loss of several teeth, and a se- vere cut on the side of the face, as a result of falling some fifteen feet from a scaffold Monday morning, August 18. Neiss is do- ing well at his home. At the annual meeting of the Steel Wheel and Wagon Company held August 20, the following officers were elected: President, W. H. Schofield; vice president and chair- man of the board of directors, G. W. Bowen; secretary, S. I. Heyn; treasurer, F. C. Roof; directors, W. H. Schofield, G. W. Bowen, R. H. Lee, P. O. Roof and M. D. Thatcher. The following officers were elected at the annual meeting of the Minnequa Town Company, held in Pueblo Wednesday, Au- gust 20: President, G. W. Bowen; vice presi. dent and treasurer, F. O. Roof; secretary, S. I. Heyn; manager, George Herrington. The pay roll at the Minnequa Works for July amounted to $279,444.19. This sum, which was distributed to the steel makers August 15 and 16 by Paymasters Bruce and Matthews, was the largest sum ever paid out in Pueblo by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company for a month's wages. All danger of shortage of water for the Minnequa Steel Works has been obviated by the heavy rains of the past three weeks. Lake Minnequa (Colorado Fuel and Iron Company reservoir No. 1), which all sum- mer up to August 8 was lower than ever before in its history, is up to the spillway,, and reservoir No. 2 contains several feet of water. Miss Jennie S. Cottle, superintendent of nurses at the Minnequa Hospital, will leave CAMP AND PLANT. 195 September 4 for Detroit, Michigan, where, September 9-11 she will attend the meeting of the Superintendents of Nurses Associa- tion of the United States and Canada. The meetings, which are to be under the auspices of Harper Hospital of Detroit, will be held in the Russell House. Miss Cottle will make a report and read a paper on the work in Colorado and adjacent states. The following students of sociology in the colleges named have been granted by the Sociological Department of the Com- pany teaching fellowships at Colorado Fuel and Iron Company camps for the summer months: Helen Van Wagoner of Colorado College at Rouse; Ralph E. Reed of the University of Colorado at Rockvale; Thomas J. West of the University of Colorado at Engle; H. H. Robinson of the University of Colorado at Sopris; F. L. Jewett of the University of Chicago at Primero. Minnequa Hospital, 15; Philadelphia Smelter, 3. Saturday afternoon, August 16, the Minne- qua Hospital nine made up of physicians of the new Colorado Fuel and Iron Company hospital, won their seventeenth consecutive victory. They have not been defeated this year. A feature of the game was the pitch- ing of Dr. Oshun, who struck out twenty men. The batting orders and positions of the nines were as follows: Minnequa Hospital — Powers, catcher; Os- burn, pitcher; Francis, right field; Adams, short stop; Baker, first base; Wilson, left field; Scarlett, second base; Carriel, third base; Olney, center field. The Philadelphia Smelter nine was made up of P. Becker, sec- ond base; P. Johnson, short stop; Roeschlab, catcher; J. Becker, center field; Beam, third base; Churches, first base; Barnum, pitcher and right field; Trigo, left field; Rising, right field and pitcher. C. F. & I., 13; Colorado City, 2. For the fifth time this season the Colorado City team met the C F. & I. at the Lake Park last Sunday, August 17, and for the third time were defeated. The Colorado City boys make up a strong team, and put up a game that would ordinarily win. The heavy hit- ting of the home team was too much, how- ever, for the visitors, and owing to this, and to costly errors by Long, they lost. The outfield of the champions, Kennedy, Hahn and Middleton, and especially Middle- ton, play a star game, they getting eight chances and accepting all. Lee on first base played a brilliant game, and led the batting. He is certainly the best man we have had in the position this year. The whole game showed the effect of team work, which is a great help toward winning any game. It is expected that Robson, who has been ill for the past two weeks, will be able to resume his place in the next game. He is a strong player, and is missed from his position at short. The tabulated score follows: C. F. .& I. ab. r. lb. po. a. e. Spencer, 3b 5 2 2 3 1 Hahn, cf 5 2 2 3 1 Lee, lb 5 3 3 6 Derby, ss 5 3 2 2 1 Kennedy, If 5 2 2 2 Mullen, 2b 4 1 2 4 Groves, c 4 1 2 8 1 Middleton, rf 4 3 Shaw, p 4 1 41 13 14 27 9 2 Colorado City ab. r. lb. po. a. e. Sterling, 3 b 4 15 2 Moatz, p 4 3 Pierce, If 4 1 1 1 Headen, 2b 2 5 4 Murray, cf 1 1 Pitzbold, rf and cf 3 1 1 Hace, rf 4 1 Long, ss 4 2 2 4 Ainsley, lb 2 5 Gruber, c 4 1 1 5 1 32 2 5 24 12 5 Score by innings: 123456789 Colorado City 0100000 10—2 C. F. &! 53000104 x— 13 Summary: Stolen bases, Derby 2, Mullen, Lee, Headen; Two base hits, Lee, Pierce, Gruber; Three base hits, Lee, Pitzbold, Hall; Home runs, Kennedy; Double plays. Long to Ster- ling to Ainsley; Bases on balls, Shaw 2, Moatz 1 ; Hit by pitched ball, Shaw 2 ; Struck out, by Moatz 5, Shaw 7; Passed balls. Grover 1; Wild pitch, Shaw 1; Earned runs, C. F. & I. 7, Colorado City 1; Left on bases C. F. & I. 4, Colorado City 5; Time of game 1:50; Attendance, 1,500; Umpire Conway; Scorer Righter. J96 CAMP AND PLANT. During the baseball game last Saturday Dr. W. T. H. Baker, captain of the Minnequa Hospital nine, had the misfortune to break the little linger of his left hand. The doctor is now recovering rapidly. The following notice was posted at the Minnequa Works on Saturday of last week: THE COLORADO FUEL AND IRON CO. Minnequa Works. NOTICE! August 23, 1902. Mr. E. G. Rust, general superintendent, has resigned his position, having made ar- rangements to open an office in Philadel- phia, where he will conduct an engineering business on his own account. Although Mr. Rust tendered his resigna- tion over a month ago, no announcement has been made for the reason that the manage- ment hopes to induce him to reconsider the matter. Having failed in this, the company has made arrangements with Mr. Rust to act as consulting engineer. (Signed.) J. B. M'KENNAN, Manager. Mr. Rust was appointed general superin- tendent January 10, 1902, to succeed R. H. Lee; who reassumed charge of the blast fur- naces. For the information of a large num- ber of steel workers who have made inquiry the management of the Minnequa Hospital desires to announce that the hospital will be open to visitors on Thursdays and Sun- days from 2 to 4 P. M. ROCKVALE. On the evening of August 6 John Kile celebrated his forty-eighth birthday anni- versary at his home in Rockvale. The chief feature of the evening's entertainment was a serenade by the Rockvale band. The musicians were then invited to seats on the lawn, where they again favored their interested audience with many beautiful se- lections. Delicious refreshments were served, consisting of sandwiches, pickles, ice cream, cakes and iced drinks. The members of the band presented their worthy host with a handsome bouquet of cut flow- ers in which was concealed a number of choice cigars. These demonstrated very strongly the high esteem in which Mr. Kile is held by his fellow-citizens and the many sincere wishes they entertain for his pros- perity. At eleven o'clock the company parted, wishing their host and hostess many more happy years. Rockvale is to be complimented on hav- ing such an excellent band. Under the supervision of Louis Savio, the members of this organization have made rapid prog- ress in the past few months and are now rapidly coming to the front as a flrst-class band. With twenty capable men working in unison to attain as near perfection as is possible, we may expect great results. On Tuesday evening, August twelfth, the members of the Epworth League of the Methodist church will give a social in the Town Hall for the benefit of the pastor of the church. Miss Margaret Prendergast, who has charge of the Cooking Department, is in town, looking up a suitable hall in which to hold her classes. A large attendance is anticipated if the present interest and en- thusiasm can be considered an index to what may follow. On the afternoon of August 5 we were favored with a heavy shower which lasted several hours and delighted everyone. Now we are revelling in cool and balmy breezes during the day and in nights that savor of autumn. M. D. SOPRIS. D. Eugene Moyer has been appointed sta- tion agent at Weston. Died, August 6, Edna May Chambers, aged one year and one month. Mr. and Mrs. Chambers have the sympathy of the camp in their bereavement. Mr. and Mrs. P. M. Stout are a new and welcome addition to camp society. They hail from Denver. Mr. Stout is a clerk in the company store. This young couple have brightened our camp very much. The camp grieve with Mrs. B. F. Lloyd in the loss of her father. Mr. Parker was' here for a few weeks last spring and won many friends by his own hearty friendli- ness toward all. His shocking death has caused much sorrow. The great flood of August 5 inundated alfalfa land, but did no other damage here. The entertainment which has given Mr. H. H. Robinson many busy days to arrange CAMP AND PLANT. J 97 for, came off Saturday evening, with a good audience. A number of our own people down on the program failed to appear, but Mr. Robinson's resourceful tact was equal to the occasion, Mr. and Mrs. Spencer Rob- inson kindly "saving the day," at his re- quest, by their delightful musical rendi- tions. Al Rodman entranced the audience with a number of Al hypnotic tests, and consoled them for the failure of the reg- ular "performers." H. H. Robinson was as- sisted materially in preparing the program by his friend, T. J. West, the violinist. Miss Pearl Yoder was the "star" of the evening, giving with exquisite grace the recitation "Princ Eric's Christ Maid." Mr. West also carried off honors by his violin playing. The customary dance followed, interspersed with ice cream and cake. D. P. SUNRISE, WYOMING. Civil Engineer R. P. Sterling returned Friday to complete some survey work being done in the mines. Quite a number of Sunrise residents at- tended Gala Day August 15 at Guernsey, Wyoming. Mrs. R. M. Lee and daughter of Carroll- ton, Missouri, after visiting relatives in Sun- rise for four weeks, returned home August 12. The father and sister of Assistant Super- intendent R. B. Jerrard of St. Cloud, Minne- sota, are visiting Mr. Jerrard and Mr. and Mrs. Gilchrist. H. W. Williams, meat cutter for the Colo- rado Supply Company, has been relieved by H. Pfeiffer. J. W. Haines, who has been on our car- penter force for the past two years, will leave with his family for Denver about Sep- tember 1. Work on the new Colorado Supply store building is progressing rapidly. Joe Raimpo and Celeste Veta have re- turned from the Hospital at Pueblo. This leaves Sunrise at present not represented at the central hospital. Mexican Adobe and "Bake Oven," Segundo. CAMP AND PLANT. Opinions of Camp and Plant From Our Readers. Sopris, August 10. Dear Mr. Lewis: I beg to express my great enjoyment of the Red Cross number. The hospital is certainly as near perfection as twentieth century thought can make it. The photos were extra fine and the descriptions so vivid, clear and simple as to make one feel he had s6en it personally. I never en- joyed a number so much as this last. Yours ever cordially, D P . From an Expert on Sociologyy. Fort Collins, Colo., April 15, 1902. Mr. Lawrence Lewis, Editor of Camp and Plant, Pueblo, Colorado. My Dear Mr. Lewis: I saw the library con- tribution in Camp and Plant, April 5, 1902, and am proud to have a hand in the work. When I can help again, let me know. A great many of the students and faculty read the paper, and I really think that it is interesting, unique, valuable as a record and as a publication. I shall try to see some of the Company workings this summer. Very truly yours, • JOSEPH F. DANIELS, Librarian. From Business Men. Office of The Garlock Packing Co. Denver, Colo., March 7, 1902. Editor Camp and Plant, Pueblo, Colorado. Dear Sir: It is with pleasure that I send you herewith $1.00 for one year's subscrip- tion to your splendid journal. Very truly yours, H. M. HYDE, Bnclo. Mgr. The Garlock Packing Co. Chicago, June 27, 1902. Mr. C. M. Schenck, Care of Colorado Supply Company, Denver, Colo. Dear Sir: We are in receipt of sample copy of Camp and Plant, sent us by you, and we take this opportunity of complimenting the editors and publishers of the magazine, which we consider very handsome and ap- propriate. * * • We would be pleased if you will enroll us as one of your subscribers for Camp and Plant, and would like to get it regularly. Yours truly, CARL JOSEPH & CO. St. Louis, February 12, 1902. Lawrence Lewis, Editor Camp and Plant, Pueblo Colorado. Dear Sir: We are in receipt of Camp and Plant of February 1, 1902, and have noted our advertisement on the back cover. We would like to have you send us by express fifty (50) copies of this issue. Yours truly, HAMILTON, BROWN SHOE CO., Per W. C. Flasdale, Jr. P. S. — We wish to compliment you on the nice way this was gotten out. Pueblo, Colo., August 8, 1902 Editor Camp and Plant, Pueblo, Colorado. Dear Sir: Will you please send me a few extra copies of the last Camp and Plant, con- taining the special write-up on the Minnequa Hospital. Allow me to take this opportunity to con- gratulate you on your very excellent pre- sentation of this interesting institution, ar- tistic from both a descriptive and illustra- tive standpoint. Yours very truly, WILLIAM H. SCHOFIELD, President and General Manager Steel Wheel and Wagon Company. Pueblo, Colo., August 9, 1902. Mr. Lawrence Lewis, Pueblo, Colo. Dear Sir: Please send me a half-dozen copies of your Red Cross Camp and Plant. A most excellent publication. GEORGE D. MESTON. Office of Meyer Brothers Drug Company, St. Louis, Mo., August 13, 1902. Mr. S. G. Pierson, The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, Denver, Colo. Dear Sir: We are in receipt of the ar- tistic souvenir No. 5 of Camp and Plant, which you so kindly addressed to us, and wish to congratulate you on the excellent illustrations, reading matter and general make-up of the publication. It is very seldom that we see half-tone plates print out so clear without any of the details missing, and whoever is responsible for getting up this souvenir is certainly to be complimented. Thanking you for remembering us, we re- main. Very truly yours, MEYER BROTHERS DRUG COMPANY. Die. S. B. C. Per Simpson. CAMP AND PLANT. 199 CRISTOFORO COLOMBO Narrazione Storica compilata sulle opere di suo figlio Fernando; di Antonio Gallo, suo contemporaneo e sugli scritti degli storici e critic! posteriori: se- guita da un inno popolare Colombiano musicato dal M. Giovanni Basso. ACQUA E CIELO! XVII. Prima che scendesse sul mare la notte, i marinai guardando attorno videro cosa che fino allora non era successa: videro acqua e cielo da tutte le parti. Soffiava favore- vole r acuta brezza della sera, e gontiava allegramente le vele: e cosi le navi si allon- tanavano sempre piu dalla terra. Le prore dirette verso 1' ignoto solcavano le acque, ma a qual punto dello spazio erano voltate? Che cosa ci doveva essere la in fondo, dopo tutto quel mare che non si sapeva dove fln- isse? Cristoforo Colombo era in piedi all' estre- ma punta della Santa Maria, a capo sco- perto, con i lunghi capelli mossi dal vento: guardava davanti a se, immobile, con le braccia ripiegate sul petto. In quel fulgido tramonto che veniva a sorprenderlo senza le tinte digradanti delle terre lontane, senza la diffusa nebbiolina che all' ultimo punto deir orizzonte indica la presenza della spi- aggia, egli salutava il primo occaso dav- vero marittimo, perche vendendo il sole tuffarsi nelle acque era sicuro di vederlo risorgere la mattina dipoi dalla parte op- posta, ma sempre di mezzo alle onde; come se il mondo non esistesse oramai piil esis- tere chi sa per quante settimane ancora: come se a fargli testimonianza che egli e i compagni suoi erano ancora fasciata torno torno dalla terra invisibile, non ci fosse piil che quell' astro di fuoco, quel luminoso oc- chio che era pure il medesimo da lui salu- tato ogni giorno, quando si aggirava nelle <;itt&, nei villaggi, nelle Corti, in mezzo alle genti affaccendate e tumultuose. Ora invece lo accerchiava d' ogni parte il silenzio, fatto piu solenne da quell' ampia e inflnita solitudine dell' Oceano: un silenzio che incuteva quasi terrore nei marinari su- perstiziosi, aggruppati sul di dietro delle navi a contemplare quella prima sera che veniva a sorprenderli nei mare ignoto, e che la leggenda chiamava tenebroso; ma un silenzio tutto splendente di visioni alia fan- tasia accesa dell' ammiraglio, il quale, strin- gen-Jo fortemente le sopracciglia, per veder meglio fra le crescenti tenebre, credeva di scorgere lontano lontano picchi azzurri di montagne sollevarsi fin verso il cielo, e col- line tutte coperte di alberi, e sterminate pianure ricche d' una vegetazione che non somigliava in niente alia vegetazione eu- ropea. Chi puo indovinare i pensieri che in quel- la prima sera di navigazione al di Ik dei limiti fin allora percorsi, avranno assalita la mente di Colombo? Dovettero essere smisurati come era smisurato il concetto della sua opera, come era smisurata allora ai suoi occhi 1' estensione del mare. Avra dubitato almeno un momento? Girando gli occhi attorno a s§, verso le ciurme ch' egli sapeva non averlo seguito che a malincuore, ebbe egli il sospetto angoscioso che se i suoi calcoli fossero stati sbagliati, egli con- dannava a certa morte, o per lo meno a sof- ferenze pii orribili della morte, centoventi creature umane? lo non lo credo, non lo posso credere. Da quel poco che delle mem- orie di Colombo rimane, si ha la prova che egli non smarri quasi mai la fede nei finale trionfo dell' opera sua, e che anzi a questa sua fede incrollabile, all' indomita costanza deir animo, al saldo carattere, al coraggio e al sangue freddo personale, si deve 1' aver egli potuto superare gli ostacoll di ogni genere, che la paura, la vigliaccheria e la malevolenza gli crearono ogni tanto. Nei di seguente continuando un bel tem- po, le navi a breve distanza 1' una dall' altra filavano che era un piacere a vederle: e Colombo chiamati a se i comandanti e gli ufliciali, tenne con loro un breve consiglio. Rinnovd a tutti le istruzioni che avevano ricevute prima della partenza, e ve ne ag- giunse altre, specialmente per il caso che una fortuna di mare, o qualunque altro ac- ciJente separasse una nave dalle altre. Principale fra le istruzioni era questa: che si dovesse navigare sempre in linea retta verso r Occidente fino alia distanza di set- tecento leghe. Quando fosse raggiunto quel limite, voile Colombo stabilire fin d' ora che si continuasse a veleggiare di giorno fino alio scoprimento della terra, ma che durante 200 CAMP AND PLANT. la notte l€ tre navi dovessero rimanersene in panna: che vuol dire mettere le vele in modo, che il vento percotendole in sensi op- posti non facesse andare i legni nS avanti ne indietro. Discorrere di gettare le ancore a quell' altezza sarebbe stato ridicolo: gia s' erano provati piu d' una volta a tentare il fondo con gli strumenti che allora si ave- vano; ma si, chi sa mai quali incommensu- rabili profondita nascondeva 1' Oceano! Rimandato ognuno al suo posto Colombo si chiuse nella cabina e riprese in mano il giornale. Gli storici a lui contemporanei che ebbero fra le mani quel documento prezioso, rac- contano di avervi trovato il cenno d' un artiflzio che 1' ammiraglio credette oppor- tuno di adoperare. Egli segnava giorno per giorno, con scrupolosa esattezza, le leg- he percorse dalle navi, ma quel suo compute fedele rimaneva un segreto per tutti: ogni volta che 1' ammiraglio usciva dalla cabina, avea cura di chiudere gelosamente tutte le carte. Se al sospettoso pilota Inigo, che abbiamo conosciuto brontolone e piuttosto avverso che amico di Colombo, fosse riuscito di leg- gere in quelle carte, avrebbe appreso che Colombo si serviva d' un ingegnoso strata- gemma. Scriveva cioe nel giornale: oggi abbiamo percorso (supponete) quaranta leg- he, ma ho detto ai marinari che erano in- vece trenta soltanto. E sapete perche? perche egli supponeva che al di la di settecento leghe la terra non dovesse essere molto lontana. Ma se invece bisognasse percorrerne otto o novecento, chl avrebbe potuto frenare la paura dei mari- nai? chi sarebbe riuscito a convincerli che dopo aver traversato mari, marl e mari, fin- almente la terra promessa si sarebbe pre- sentata ai loro occhi. (Continua.) Mount of the Holy Cross. Mount of the Holy Cross in Engle County, Colorado, on the way from Pueblo to Redstone. Altitude, 14,176 This peak is visible from the aummu of 1< remont Pass, two hours ride from Leadville. VOLUIE II SATURDAY, AUGUST 30, 1902 Number 9 SOCIOLOGICAL Of tl\e Colorado Ftiel and Iron WORK Company Detailed Description o^ "WKat Has Been AccomplisHed in tKe Last Year by tKe N THE last issue of Camp and Plant, the work of the Sociological Depart- ment was outlined in a general way. Below will be found extracts from the annual report which describe in detail work of the department which may be classified roughly under the heads: I, Educational Features, which include (a) kindergartens, (b) boys' and girls' clubs, (c) Sociological Department. Domestic Science work, (d) night schools, (e) reading rooms and libraries, (f) circu- lating libraries, (g) circulating art collec- tion, (h) lectures. II. Work in co-operation with existing institutions: (a) with church- es, (b) with public schools. III. Amuse- ment Features: (a) Regular work in amuse- ment and recreation halls, (b) lectures and entertainments, (c) music, (d) gymnasia, (e) club houses. IV. Sanitary Work: (a) Building of workmen's model houses, (b) baths, (c) general sanitary work with med- ical department. Library of Redstone Public School. 202 CAMP AND PLANT. EDUCATIONAL FEATURES Kindergartens. From two standpoints the kindergarten is a factor of more than average impor- tance in our work. Not only does it be- gin the all-round development of the child at the most impressionable period of the child's life, but it is in this field the master-key to the whole social better- ment situation. What the Kindergarten Does. Taking the child at from three to six years, before it has had time to develop ugly habits and a cramped character, and while it is still susceptible to every touch of influence, the kindergarten en- deavors to start the child's life aright, to give its development towards a strong, refined, shapely character a momentum which will carry it safely over obstacles that may be placed in its way by environ- ment and the life of its people. It places every class and every nationality on an equal standing, and, while recognising differences of individuals, it attempts to inculcate the true democratic spirit — the spirit of sympathy, of unselfishness, and r of equal rights. Some of the kindergartens are located in buildings erected especially for this purpose, but for the most part they have comfortable rooms in the public school. The enrollment varies from twenty-five at El Moro to sixty-three at Rockvale, where the two session plan has been adopted. The Kindergarten Successful Among the Foreign People. The kindergarten has had far more suc- cess than any other institution in deal- ing with our foreign people. By careful and tactful visitation and invitation the kindergartner dispels suspicion and se- cures the patronage of all nationalities — Mexicans, Italians, Austrians and Poles, as well as English and Americans. In the kindergarten, too, the language diffi- culty, so troublesome in all other branches, seems to be but a compara- tively small obstacle. It is interesting to observe how the little foreigners watch and imitate the movements of the lips and finally gain control of a single word, from which a vocabulary slowly grows. This is much truer of children in the kinder- garten than of those beyond that age. The teaching of English, in fact, must be, and is, given special attention, and to this the parents gladly assent. There is an interesting exchange of languages, Eng- lish-speaking children learning the lan- guage of the most numerous foreign type, usually Italian or Mexican, while the for- eigners acquire English. Generally speak- ing, the Italian children seem to learn English with more ease and rapidity than children of other nations. Industrial Work — Nature Studies. Manual work, such as weaving of rag, raffia and zephyr mats and little rugs, braiding straw hats' and baskets, making pieces of miniature furniture, and so forth, has proved the most interesting and educational. The songs, games and rhythm work have all helped greatly to give the children means of expression, revolutionizing their walk and carriage, and developing their hitherto uncared for imagination and sensibilities. Sunshine, wind, rain, all the forces of Nature, ants, caterpillars, cocoons and butterflies, angle worms, the seed and its germination, have all been employed to teach the child the story of life. The frequent nature les- sons have opened up to the child a new world, have almost added another dimen- sion to his life. The influence of the kindergarten doll deserves special notice. Such names as "Daisy Allen" and "Mabel Kindergarten" were chosen by the little folks for this favorite cpmpanion, and no one, not ex- cepting the teacher, had a greater influ- ence for good over each boy and girl. The privilege of holding "Daisy" or "Mabel" was begged for, and her presence in the "circle," or at the table was cer- tain to insure quiet and attention. The most noisy, restless little boy held "Mabel" and forgot to be mischievous. This coming year each kindergarten will have its Guardian Angel in the form of an exemplary doll. CAMP AND PLANT. 203 Corner of Kindergarten Room, Rouse. Christmas In tiie Kindergarten. At intervals the children give little en- tertainments to which all parents and friends are invited. To an outsider they would doubtless be uninteresting, but the parents are overjoyed at seeing their children take part, while the discipline and training which the children them- selves receive are invaluable. It has long been the custom of the Company to remember the children of the kindergar- tens with Christmas gifts. Dolls for the girls and drums for the boys, with a gen- erous portion of candies and oranges from the Colorado Supply Company help to make the Christmas tide a season of gladness and rejoicing in the camps. Long before the day comes, however, the children have been busy making gifts for father and mother, thereby learning to look upon the day as a time of giving rather than of receiving, of good will and generosity rather than of selfishness. Christmas Eve is always observed, some- times in conjunction with the public school, by appropriate exercises before the Christmas tree is unburdened. Mention should here be made of the kindergarten carried on by Rev. Father Gabriel Massa in what is known as "The Grove," Pueblo. This is attended by Italian and Mexican children almost ex- clusively. During the year the Company showed its interest in the movement by contributing towards its financial support. The Kindergarten a Center for Social Settlement Work. The kindergarten is important as well Corner of Kindergarten Room, Harmony Hall, Starkville. 204 CAMP AND PLANT. Construction Work Done in the Starl r o z D O U 0} H t/) U I/) 5 O a z < 3 O DJ y, •oanaNa8^vAV >re ,lrt-*CO ' i-( CM 1-1 iH CO oo CMi-l 'CM ' C- OO • 1,1111 jW iCOCO't— L^CD , ,t— rHC 1 •oa^VAV M ;w c^j 1 1 |0 , , I i-iT-it- 1 icci:o^hOOs ■t--^-i# , , , -m^hosi-I'^ )^ "oioaax C-iH ilO . .^ . ,-*tH \!i OO , 1 . ,-* ,00 -* 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11"^ 1 1" 1 1 ■"■ .'^ 1'"' I 1 1 1°^ 1 ^ \ -oDsvavx CO 1-* . 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IM " ; ; 1 ; 1 1 1 I 1 1 i'^ ; .'^ II 1 1 1 1 ■ rtN I . , T-l 1© 1 Hi . . . CO QNV oavaoaoo •axxag aaxsaaQ rt 1 ' ' . . 1 . 1 1 'N ' 1 ' ' ' iT-< 1 1 ■ irH ■ 1 . .... •Nisvaavoo N CO 1 I'^ii'i;'^!; "^i'"': •ddianvo N ; ; ; ; ; | | I ; | I I I I I ; 1 I 1 i I I I I . I 1 I l'^ • aaisHOoaa COC— irH iiT-4 COiii' i^i.-Hir5»ii.-(i IN'' •QNiAvaaa '=»'"' 1 a i^S^ i i i^ i i i i " i i i i i i i i" "^ i ! ! •axiovaHX.«iv ',''11111 ; 1 ; ' , 1 ' ' ' ' 1 : N ■ ; ' Ear. Cerumen Impacted... Otalgia Otitis Media........ Otorrhcea Eye. Abscess Asthenopia Burns Contusions Conjunctivitis Cuts - Cysts Iritis Keratitis Myopia Presbyopia Pterygium Ulcers. Genito Urinary. Ballinitis Cystitis Epididymitis Hydrocele Nephrolithiasis Phimosis Prostatitis. Varicocele Intoxications. Alcholism Carbonic Acid Plumbism Ptomaines 230 CAMP AND PLANT. T3 el o O o Oi o 00 Q W w H C5 I— t M Q Q EH 05 W 02 o D i-i O M t> 02 Q < o I— I Q w •oanaNasav.w •Mrt 1 I ii-l I50-* 'M III 1 (M iH iKdrt 1 ira^tieoos iMOcD^ N l-^ PI I3> iH 1 ; S 1 ■oaavAV , 1^ , lO irHlOOO irtiH • • Tl-HION '!-< i-^O N i iM ■ 'MM • 1 lilii v-41 It OOl-H*' till l| •oioaax i^ i" i i i^ i^" i i i i "s" i i .^ i CO CQ lOi-H 1 1 .-^Oi oosvavx rHO iPJiH-* 1 1 .5000 iT-l 1 1 W^gl-I JTHC--* [.'I |0OOJN [ VStD •aNiHSNng 1 CO 1 1 1 >. I 1 rH 1 I 1 1 1 CI i-H [ j ] j ] to 1 1 (M 1-1 — ( [ . 1 1 •asiaNng iC C«l 1-1 •oaNfloag lOi iM iiH ■ IIOIOCOIO I lOO MOOtOW i laSt-lC iCOoOQO 1 i nc- ICO' ' >iCi ■ iH 1 ] 1 1 1 ^' 1 1 1 1 1 so'iavo Nvg lOO 1 1 1 1 ' 1 itO 1 1 I 1 . 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II III N 1 ' 1 ' t- ' ' 1 t 1 1 •NoazaH ieOl3505 -COiH "* COOJN 1 ' 'COCOCO 1-1 .tH 1 1 1 .COCM 'N ' ' CO"^''' ' iiii •Nosaif) ICOl3ii-l iNNOi05tOOC tO 'CO(M ■dQiavf) it-oi 1 iiracoi-(Occcoci- p. a c . t hi id 03 si Is ce e N c Herpes - Intertrigo... Psoriasis ca o u CAMP AND PLANT. 23J E3 .s PI O o I o o so S P3 >H W ft H ci M P o «j pq EC o < Q s 'oanaKasav.w '^S'^'S?? ; ; :£j ;''=^ ; ; ^2'^^:^'* '■"^'^.'^^ti '■'=^5'" -^r- •oaTV^W ,«.) .-riMw i.o . 1 eo ' • 'CM ' 'CM 1 1 ; ^ •oioHax l.'S ■ 5D C^l Oi -^ ' "CO 1 OO . 1 ^. .-1 jCM . OOira igOCM 1 1 |Wg ; ;CD ic-r-t-rt.31 1 •ojsvavx 1 ..-iirsoo-* ..-t-.,* 1 1 o ' iH .CO 03 CO r- 00 -H Ti .c CO c- ?: i-i .H g ^'^SSJh •°*' •aNiHSNns ■ ra . i-*rt . 1 ( . int- ' 'rHrico ' ; ' ' i"^ ;'^ ; ; •asiHuas 1 1 ! •-.* 1 1 1 1 1 . . 1 .OCOOSCO .CD OCO . ■«£ .-HOO.COO 'CM 111 1 CO ' ' C'l iH ' i-H . CO c-i ; •SIHdOS IJh^oo — ~m'~'S ;"*'"'■* ' "^'^ ..n,-(co-*oogosM — OMi:-5p--03«oo •H^^ao o.viads ^«t-i — -*-].^ i CO-* 1 CO 1 1-c :'-i •asoxsaaa .^ OC C30 CM CO CO > 1 .^H . 1 'lO ^HCM -CMOOCO . CO CO t- ' ' Ci * 'OOMCO 'CM •oaaiviaj ^' ;'^S|:;^?3<=^""'^ 1 1 ^a'-'?5S=^"-''SSS"'"°' ;'"SS^''S •noxoij 1-HOCOClCOC- 1 1 '■MCOCM . 1 'CO ;Oi-li-ICO '-ti-H • j® |r-l-*m .e>lCM •xNaiao 1-1C- .IOCS T-H 1 ' T100 'OiCO ' 'r-lCOCO 'CMi-l ' 'C<1»-HCM i-l •aisav jv .01>-1«OC005CP-*05M ' 1 ' i-ICMCMOiCO -COCMCOC- t-<00 ' 'CILO 'CMC- •1-1 OO^CMCM-* CM . i . CMi-1 1 CM lO ' n- • •aiKvavq ••* .i-HCO^i-li-tCMC51.Oi-H^00 ' OOOO^Ht-iTi-t 1 COC^l i i ; "^ ■ |ooo»>-i cm •xosaif) ;gS'°2S i-^"""^"" ; ; g«'^S;2;«='-''!qS'=^-=^S""'S'"* j" •daiTvo •OCCXTlt-KCM 'C-CMCM . • COCOt-t-Olt-COirtCOCMCO — 0»^^ieM . .c- i-ioiuoc^i -♦ M O CO ' 1 1 CO 1 ' CO ' •OHopt ^a: . • Cl M as 1.T Cl . ,-1 . C^l i-H ri CO ' OS • . .H CM ; ; M.n ; ; ; ; ; ^ | ; 1 1 ."^ 1 1 ] ; 1 , •a -a aaAia avxsAao .""""" 1 ; ;^' i " ; i ^ i"'^' i i i®^ i ;?' i \°"'" ^ •Maaao avo3 ■ S'-Ss'g 1 .S? ;-":;■" S ;S§I3 : i :S;S ;«3-«'«^'-^ .§3 •a "a oNiKOAM a.vv oavao70Q TH .CM03>-ieOi-l ■-* -*i-0 ' ■ CC>-1 OCMi-C CO-CO r-11-l . 'OSCM • ■ ' ^ ll II 1^^ 11 1! ill ■ < ' ' ■ ' •axxng aaxsaao -fCO 11. 1 1; -*00.O. i.MM«.CM.-*3it- ■* •.*jisvaivoo .CO '020» • 'OO i,-ii-i 1 1 c-c- ■ui-« -* leot- ' it-i . CM i-iin eo CO CM rH'i.M| II 'SO 1 1"^ i-.^itH •ajiaavo CO 'l.O . ' • -CO ' III ;" i'^ ; ; : ; i ; ; ;" i*^ ; ; ; ■ ; •aaisHOoaa ; i*"""* i i i^' , ^11 1 •^t-eOOSi-HCM .-*t~Q |COC0 .CM-*?.lrt«-.* aNi.waaa QO cat-OJ t ■ ■ ■ ; ; I ^SJ^S^'^-'ISSS i^^S ;«5*S 2 axiavaHXNV i i i i^'" i 1 i I C~ •. . • CO' CDii-lr-n-1... SPEfiFic Infectious. Diphtheria Dysentery Erysipelas Fevers Influenza Malaria Parotitis Pertussis Rubeola Scarlatina Tuberculosis Varicella Variola Abrasions Amputations Bruises Burns Bursitis Carbuncles Cellulitis Contusions Cuts Cysts.... Dislocations - Extraction of Teeth Fistula Foreign body in ears... Foreign body in eye I m 1 '.'O 1 ■5J> cot c - - 232 CAMP AND PLANT. CD I o o (M o 05 o CO Jz; I— I Q Jz; M w w EH iz; I— I M P P O w M o o Q M d3 M Q !z; '^ o a •OHnanasavAi 1 [ t-H ^co [ j ! I 1 ' ' ' ' ' s •oa^vM lC^i.i. i-(<iO ' ■ 05 Gii-(^ *H .tHf-ItH 1-4 aNoxsaaa .00 ■ •THrl .W^— (MCD -* • ^rH | | j |tH | | CO •oaaMiaj th j ' II 1 1 1 1 ! ! 1 •noioij oi in 1 .eci-i m-*e»3irart ti -* co 1 1 1 1 t 1 1 t CO rH ' ' [ 00 •xNaiao ■ CO • • ■COr-lfS ••11 111-*-* |IMM-*i-l 1 ; i •aiaavpi eg . 1 1,^ 1 1 iFHrtN 1 ] CO •aiKvavT . . ' ■CDCO • ' -O iCMt^-^OOi—fM (MO ■ iiiiiT-tC0t- . 1 1 |M 1 • S-i ^ 1 1 i •NoazaH .•fl.....eoi-11'W' .1-ieg Wt-i-.-(|.i s -* •Nosaio cq^eoin'ooeMM-*iOiO »-(t-N«. ffq ''^'^ too th IIiII CO ?1 MQTTVO (MCqiMlM jCDCOt-i-lrHO;^ I:--«-*r-l ; | |N ^ | i •vxsaao^J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11,11111111 s •XNOwaaj r i i i" i"" i i i^ '*'^"=^'''" i i ; : i i I* •oaaaij CO • ' "^ [ ' ;di '^ 1 *ava QNv aia ' ' I ' ' 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 I 1 I 1 1 1 OO in •a^^rAa^oNa; rtOJ , .«D CO • .Ir-M Wi-l Ort ; ,00 ; : ; -* ' ' ' ,"^11 II III •oaoK ia rt «Ot-l'N^ ;; '"'"', i^'ll. "1 •a -a aaAia avxsAao « ; , .^ ; - I ," , ,;'*.'- 1^-^" , ; •HaaaQ tvoq ■" ; , , ^^'^S i : IS ^^-'S'" i i"" i 1 'a'H ONIWOA.W QNv oavao loo 50 1 1 .tH .T-nH .CO • ■ ;'"' ,'^~' 11°^;; •axxag aaxsaao i ; ; i i ; i" i i^"" i i i i i i ■ i i i i •NlBva^voo eviLO 1 ; |iN ;o»— ; : ; ; ; 1°^ 1*^ 1"* I'"' 1 •jfjiaavQ 1 ; , ; 1 1 I 1 i 1 1 1 '^ i*^ 1 ; I 1 1 1 1 1 i •aaiBHooag e^ ; ; "^11 III •axiAvaag coo COCO-*3C ■ 0-5 rt .M^eo ; ;0C^ 1^ so •axiovaHXNv :;:::; i'^' ; 1 1 1 ; i ; ; ; i ; • ■ ■ • Sg 1 CAL-Con. >rnia cerations teo-Myclitis . ranoychia... riostitis alp Wound... vers rains nosynovitis.. mors cers... ccinations... N. ortion lenorrhcBa... smenorrhoRa ucorrhcea ... istitis jnorrhagia... jtrorrhagia .. uresis aritis b-in volution, ginitis ;5- °0 co" s < c o 233 had a very successful year's work. (See page 234 of this issue of Camp and Plant.) "The Pathological Department has been reorganized and thoroughly equipped, and is doing most excellent work. The Minnequa Hospital was opened to the public for inspection August 6, and entered by patients August 7, 1902. "It is with much gratification I call your attention to the Minnequa, or new hospital plant. When it was decided to build a new hospital and a new dispensary, made impera- tive by the crowded condition of the hospital at Block X and the moving of the dispensary at the mill, you remarked, 'There must be no extravagance or unnecessary expenditure of money, but the hospital must be as nearly perfect as possible, for the company em- ployes shall have the best.' We have en- deavored to comply with this injunction. After spending many months abroad study- ing hospitals and their construction, and later visiting hospitals in our own country, plans were commenced for a new plant under the direction of the Company's archi- tect, Mr. F. J. Sterner, of Denver. About a year ago work was begun on this plant. The contract called for its completion May 1, 1902, and it was our intention to occupy the building May 15. We were prevented from carrying out our plans on account of the inability of the City Water Company to meet its obligatons and to furnish us with water as promised. (For description of hospital see Camp and Plant, Minnequa Hospital opening day souvenir number, August 6, 1902, Volume U, No. 5.) "Especially pleased am I to be able to say to you in all soberness and truth, and with- out the least exaggeration, that I believe you have, considering everything, the best hospital in the world today. Not the larg- est or most ornate is it, but the best, inas- much as it contains more good hospital fea- tures than does any other. "Among the special features to be men- tioned are, the inclines, all plumbing free from the wall, no porches, no bath tubs or transoms, panelless doors and small trims, rooms with windows facing north and south, and sun corridors with an east and west frontage, round corners, monolith floor, ab- sence of diet kitchen cupboards, linen stacks in the middle of the floor, excellent ventila- tion, superb lighting, and a unique lead oper- 234 CAMP AND PLANT. O 13 '^ nS ^- -U !3 -fi CS 73 n "^ "^ Pi •$ (^cSW(hM (DCS Sx3tcU'2P"0 ^ .SxSSflS ^o-qSoccoicScco CO 00-tJ>,l,T3^ m4ti>>^^3»3b0 Aa.iVjfl??''^ '^'^ri'ii- ., '^ ti) a> "^ w CAMP AND PLANT. 235 (0 u (0 DC 3 Z X CO o o o> u. 1 CM Ul -1 O 0> D O fr u < X u o >- 0) QC u b. a: D H O u N O 0) o" (0 0. bl (0 c a N O 0) (0 (M Q z < CM h o o a 13 cm' o a> CM o z < CO > o z Is 1 CM O a> a Q Z < CD u bl a g (9 O a o" CM Q Z < (0 z < o o a> CO Q Z < O m bl b. ■So -Sfi 1 n o 0) co" Q z «t o z o It < « M 3 'V s 1 n o o> Q z < CO £ 0. < CD CO o 0) ■o' o z < >- < 1 i.s «> . ^ It SP CO o a a CM >- < 1 r N O 0> (D CM »-■ Q. U (0 o tn cvl o 0) CM O z < 1- u o a s CM o 00 ^" o z «* >" o z S 1 CM o 0) CO Q Z < 0) ci u Q s 5 CO o c» CO o z < z < 1 CO o to a z < CO m u b. (4 CS f CO o a> CO I u cc < 1 "S la g CO o 0) co~ CM a z < CM E Q. < 5 CO o o ID CM Q Z < CM CM >• < g« ^^ SP cm' o <» n" CM Q z < a> 0. Ill 01 n c\i o 0) Q z < o H U O •2 '-^ r CM o 0) I-" Q z < > o z UK . a! cvi o (» lo" a z < CM d bi o a s CO o 0) c» a z < 10 > < S J 1 (M* o 0) o H a. u (0 01 CM O a> N o z < CO U O . s cvi o 0) CO H O O O Is cm' o a> to" CM Q Z < 10 CM > O z CM O a CO CM U bl Q a ■ o CO o a CM Q z < CO CM z < e 1 CO o a 6 CM a z < CD bl b. |P 1 CO o 0) c> CM O Z < 1- I o a: < a C3 ci o o z < o -1 £ Q. < -2 ii CO o CM* a z < CD >- < u z D -» 8 o •** 8 8 s 1 236 CAMP AND PLANT. '"The new dispensary, which has been in operation for some months, and which is provided with a drug room, waiting room, two consulting rooms, bed and bath rooms, is conveniently located at the west gate of the Minnequa Steel Works, where the men pass and repass, and where one or more doctors are constantly on duty day and night to render prompt assistance. "If I should close my prefatory remarks without expressing my appreciation of the faithful services rendered to the company by those connected directly and indirectly with the Medical Department, I should do many an injustice. The list of names de- serving mention is too long to print, but it should be said without exception the doc- tors have performed their duties, often ar- duous, with satisfaction and consideration. The superintendents have been kind and just in rendering assistance. The superin- tendent of construction has taken more than a personal interest in supervising the erec- tion of buildings, and the contractors down to the day laborers, with few exceptions, have shown their appreciation of the com- pany's efforts, and often gone out of their way to aid in accomplishing desired results. "To you and Mr. Osgood, and to your able lieutenants, who have always been most so- licitous regarding the welfare and comfort of the employes and patients, and listening to every request to better their condition, I wish to express my most hearty apprecia- tion and my sincerest thanks." On preceding pages are tables repro- duced from the report of the Medical Depart- ment, showing the number of medical and surgical cases treated during the year end- ing June 30, 1902. THE BELIv T0\VI:R of SAINT MARK'S DHE bell tower or campanile in the square of Saint Mark, Venice, which fell July 14, 1902, leaving an unsight- ly pile of brick, mortar and marble sixty feet high, in place of the stately structure which rose to the height of 323 feet to the pyramid- al spire on which rested the great golden statue of an angel sixteen feet high, was the oldest campanile, as well as the high- est, in Italy. It was nearly three hundred years old when the campanile .(Leaning Tower) of Pisa was begun; was over four hundred years old when Giotto commenced to build the famous campanile of Florence, and nearly five hundred years old when Greg- ory XI. built the beautiful bell tower of Santa Maria Maggiore at Rome. The cam- panile of Saint Mark was a square tower, measuring forty-two feet to the side, and was begun in 902, was of brick and originally covered with stucco of a bright white or yellow, and was said to dazzle the eyes to look at it. For several centuries this square tower was surmounted by an open loggia of wood, with a low pyramidal roof. This loggia was destroyed once by fire; a second and a third restoration were destroyed by lightning. In 1511 the arcaded belfry with the square die and pyramid of stone were substituted for the wooden loggia. The great colossal statue of an angel, formed of plates of gilt bronze on a wooden core, was placed on top of the campanile in 1517. The bell tower, as it was seen in recent years, was a dull brownish red, except the upper portion of gray stone and discolored marble. The dull brownish red was the color of the bricks from which the stucco had fallen, except where it still adhered in spots. The ownership of the belfry was divided between church and state. Its foundations were purposely laid 150 feet west from the original parish church of Saint Mark, which is the site of the present cathedral, and when the superstructure was begun under Pietro Tribune, the sixteenth Doge of Ve- nice, a ducal decree was formally issued, declaring that the ownership was divided between the church of Saint Mark and the Doge's palace. This joint ownership has lasted to the present time. No other building in Venice was so inti- mately connected with the every day life of its citizens. On all unusual occasions for joy or grief the bells of the campanile were sounded and the people gathered in the Pi- azzi San Marco to hear the news and hold council as to what action should be taken. Because of its commanding height this was the place whence outgoing fleets were watched as they departed on their mis- sions of peace or war, until they faded out CAMP AND PLANT. 237 Grand Square and Church of Saint Mark in Venice. The Great Campanile or Bell Tower on the Right Fell July 14, 1902. Piazza e Chlesa di San Marco in Venezia con veduta del campanile ultimamente caduto. 238 CAMP AND PLANT. of sight, and from whence solicitous eyes searched the horizon to catch the first glimpse of their return triumphant or van- quished. Joyous peals were rung on all occasions of rejoicing, and tolling of the bells indi- cated cause for alarm or sorrow. The top of the campanile was easy of ascent, the way being by a series of in- clined planes of brick instead of stairs. From the top was obtained a beautiful view of Venice, the Lagoon, the adjacent islands, the Adriatic coast of Italy, with the Alps rising dreamily beyond it, and the distant mountains of Istria beyond the Adriatic; the whole forming an incomparably beauti- ful picture that once seen could never be forgotten. M. A. L. L. ^2^mont ^ialiana. D Piazza e Chiesa di San Marco in Venezia con veduta del campanile ultimamente caduto. L CAMPANILE della piazza di San Marco in Venezia, il quale cadde il 14 Luglio 1902, lasciando un indis- crivibile mucchio di mattoni, calcina e mar- mo alto sessanta piedi, al posto dove un mi- nuto prima trovavasi una sorprendente opera d' archittettura che s' innalzava ad un al- tezza di 323 piedi e suUa cupola della quale era posato un angelo alto sedici piedi, era il piu vecchio ed il piu alto campanile d' Italia. Questo campanile era circa trecento anni vecchio quando si diede principio alia Torre pendente di Pisa; era piu di quattrocento anni vecchio quando Giotto comincio' a cos- trurre il famoso campanile di Firenze; ed era circa cinquecento anni vecchio quando Gregorio XI. fece costrurre il bellissimo campanile di Santa Maria Maggiore in Roma. II campanile di San Marco era una torre quad- rata misurante quarantadue piedi ad ogni lato, la costruzione fu cominciata nell' anno 902 ed era tutta in mattoni coperti da un stucco bianco giallo che era una bellezza a vedersi. Per molte centinaia d' anni questa torre era sormontata da una loggia in legno cop- erta da un tetto tenuto da colonne. Questa loggia fu distrutta una volta dal fuoco, ri- costrutta di nuovo fu per ben due volte dis- trutta dal fulmine. La colossale statua dell' angelo era in legno coperto da piastre di bronzo indorato e fu piazzata sul campanile nel 1517. La torre veduta in questi ultimi anni era di un colore rossiccio, all' infuori della parte superiore che era in pietra grigia e marmo scolorato, quel colore rossiccio era il colore del mattoni dove lo stucco era ca- duto. La propriety del campanile era divisa fra la chiesa e lo stato, ed era stato costrutto a 150 piedi dalla vecchia parocchia di San Marco, luodove travasi presentemente la ca- tedrale; la costruzione fu cominciata sotto Pietro Tribuno il sedicesimo Doge di Vene- zia, ed allora fu emanate un decreto ducale che dichiarava esserne la patronanza divisa fra la Chiesa di San Marco ed il palazzo dei Dogi. Questa patronanza ha esistito sino al giorno d' oggi. Nessun fabbricato in Venezia era come il campanile, cosi intimamente connesso alia vita dei suoi cittadini. In tutte le occasioni straordinaria si di gioia che di dolore, le campane del campanile erano suonate a distesa, il popolo si radunava allora in piazza San Marco a sentire le nuove, e tenere con- siglio sul da farsi. Causa r altezza straordinaria questo era il luogo da dove si guardava le navi a par- tire, tanto che fossero in missione di pace che di guerra, e dallo stesso luogo, vigilant! occhi scrutinavano 1' orrizonte per vederle al ritorno trionfanti o vinte. Le campane suonavano a festa nelle occa- sioni di gioia ed a stormo quando vi era casi d' allarme o per sconfitte. La cima del campanile era facile ad es- sere raggiunta per mezzo di piani inclinati in mattone invece che di gradini. Dalla cima si aveva una bellissima veduta di Ven- ezia, della Laguna, delle isole vicine e della costa deir Adriatico colle Alpi in lontan- anza; come pure le montagne dell' Istria piu giu deir Adriatico, il tutto formando un bell- issimo panorama che una volta veduto non si poteva piu dimenticare. There is no outward sign of courtesy that does not rest on a deep moral foundation. The proper education would be that which communicated the sign and the foundation of it at the same time. — Goethe. Health is the best wealth. CAMP AND PLANT. 239 CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY pcbli9hed by the sociological department of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company and devoted to news from the mines and mills LAWRENCE LEWIS, . Editor Denver Pueblo OFFICES : Boston Building, Room 720 Minnequa Hospital Entered at the PostoflSce at Denver, Colo., as second- class mail matter. Subscription Price . $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Saturday, September 6, 1902 c JS^ NEVV^S ITEMS js^ 3 BROOKSIDE. Superintendent Griffiths was called to Rocky Ford for two days on business of the company. John Munson, top boss, and Thomas Davis, engineer, who have been on a tour with the Ellis to Salt Lake City, returned home via Denver. Henry Krank, who has been laid up with a broken leg for the past eight weeks, has returned to work. Misses Delia and Lucinda, two of the daughters of Frank McCumber, have been very ill during the past two weeks with typhoid fever. The superintendent and son William have returned from a two weeks' fishing trip near Almont with a number of good speci- mens of mountain trout, which they dis- tributed liberally among their friends. David Lewellyn and William Davis, with their families, are on a three weeks' camp- ing trip on the other side of the range. Miss Josepha Lilley, a teacher in the pub- lic schools of Denver, has been with her aunt, Mrs. R. T. Hussey, for the past two weeks. Miss Lilley returned to her home this week. The Boys' club gave an ice cream social at their club rooms on Saturday night, Au- gust 9. All had an enjoyable evening. Mrs. Elizabeth Gregory, Miss Nichols and the Misses Holmes recently spent a day in Colorado Springs. A number of our young people availed themselves of the recent excursion to Mar- shall Pass. All reported a fine time. A surprise party was given at the home of Frank Lentz for his son Clyde in an- ticipation of the family's leaving Brookside early next month. A very enjoyable time was participated in. An infant daughter of Mrs. Joseph Martin died of cholera infantum. F. W. Patchen, formerly of Rouse, has been appointed assistant to the mine clerk at Brookside. He has taken his new posi- tion. R. E. H. John Pattison, our mine clerk, returned August 31 from a two weeks' vacation. He spent the time in Gallup, New Mexico, visit- ing his parents. James Gratiot, acting mine clerk in the absence of Mr. Pattison, returned to his po- sition in the Denver office September 1. Mrs. R. T. Hussey died August 28 after a lingering illness of nearly two months. She leaves a husband and a daughter, Mrs. A. T. Hutton, who have the sympathy of the en- tire camp in their bereavement. George E. Holmes, a Chicago banker, is spending his vacation with his cousins, Dr. Holmes and sisters of this place. The mine was compelled to shut down for part of a day last week on account of scar- city of cars, but they are now more plenti- ful. School began Tuesday, September 2, with Professor Morrison as principal and Miss Faulkner as assistant. There promises to be a full attendance in all the grades. Mrs. David Griffiths, wife of our superin- tendent, and daughter Nanno, are visiting with friends in Hastings, Colorado. A pleasant surprise party was given at the home of Dr. Holmes on Wednesday even- ing, August 27, in honor of Miss Nichols, who returned to her home in Chicago on Friday. Light refreshments were served, and all seemed to enjoy a pleasant time. Mrs. P. Morgan, who has been critically ill for the past two weeks, is reported some better, M. D. 240 CAMP AND PLANT. FIERRO, N. M. George Kingdon has gone to Pichi, Mexico, to take charge of a group of mines for the Phelps, Dodge Company at that place. Mrs. T. H. O'Brien and daughter, Ileen, accompanied by Mrs. J. B. Gilchrist, have re- turned after an extended outing on the Cal- ifornia coast. Dr. and Mrs. H. A. Beeson have returned to Ohio, after a two months' visit with Dr. and Mrs. C. F. Beeson. LIME. H. G. McMechen and W. E. Davis of the surveyor's force, have been doing work here for the last week. Miss Leona Southers, who has been visit- ing in Lime and vicinity, left Sunday, Au- gust 23, for Victor, where she expects to attend school. Mrs. B. A. Allen has again returned from Beulah and states that this time she ex- pects to remain in Lime. Mrs. J. W. Sease is learning something of the non-reliability in the disposition of a wheel. The smiling physiognomies of H.B. Tucker and J. N. Sease were seen in Pueblo Sun- day. Mr. and Mrs. T. J. Quinn gave a carpet stretching August 22, which was enjoyed very much by the participants. John Bloomberg is waging war upon some of the useless flora of the city. M. Jachetta of the firm of Jachetta & Ni- gro, was a business visitor in Lime Wednes- day. A. W. Harrell, our local railroad agent, will probably leave us in the near future to accept a better position with the Denver & Rio Grande. Prediction says that Lime is on the verge of a great boom. The prediction seems to be rather authentic, if the presence of a corps of surveyors is significant of anything. Mrs. Reynolds and little son expect to start this week for Ordway, the home of her parents. Mrs. Gierdino and friend paid the quarry a visit Monday. Mrs. Gilmore, who has been visiting her mother, Mrs. Tucker, has returned to her home. C. C. Mattice of the time keeping depart- ment, has been absent from work on ac- count of illness for several days, and is very seriously threatened with typhoid fever. Chester M. Wells has been presented with a very fine six-weeks-old bull pup by one of the men in the plant. George M. Rounds made a short visit to Denver Sunday on personal business. A. J. DeGroot, floating gang foreman, has returned from a three weeks' vacation and is looking much better as a result of his outing. He assumed active work again on September 1. When the retiring night superintendent of the yard took his departure on the af- ternoon of the flrst, most of the night fore- men went down to help him say farewell in proper style. Mr. Abrams has not been seen since as he took the train shortly after but all the others appeared to be in very good spirits that evening in spite of the fact that they had bid farewell to the much respected superintendent, and one whom all are sorry to have go. Richard V. Utter who was for a time pri- vate secretary to D. B. Chesebrough, is now night weighmaster at the pig iron scales. A. S. Dodge, chief distribution clerk and superintendent of the Colorado & Wyoming Railroad at Trinidad, is away from his work because of illness. He is threatened with erysipelas. George N. Spencer has taken Mr. Utter's place as private secretary to Mr. Chese- brough. Paul Hargraves and A. S. Clendennin, the former a time keeper, and the latter a distribution clerk, are planning to take a trip to Seattle and San Francisco in the near future. C. F. & I., 9; Rockvale, 3. Kennedy was too much for the Rockvales in the game with the C. F. & I. team which won by a score of 9 to 3. Only when he let down a little in the fifth inning were the Rockvales able to score. CAMP AND PLANT. 241 The team is rejoicing over the perfection of arrangements by which a series of three games will be played with the Homesteads of Denver before the season closes. The tabulated score of the game with Rockvale follows: C. F. & I. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Spencer, third base 5 10 Hahn, center field 3 1 1 Robson, short stop 4 1 1 1 1 1 Walker, right field 3 2 10 Lee, first base 5 1 114 1 Shaw, left field 4 1 1 Groves, catcher 3 1 2 9 Mullen, second base 3 112 3 Kennedy, pitcher 3 1 1 7 1 33 9 9 27 12 2 Rockvale. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Richards, second base 3 10 10 John, catcher 4 6 2 Johnson, short stop 4 10 2 1 Williams, left field 4 111 Crossan, first base 4 10 Arthur, right field 4 1 1 1 Daly, third base 3 1 1 4 3 Llewellyn, center field 4 1 1 2 Wilson, pitcher 2 1 3 32 3 5 24 11 4 Score by innings: 123456789 Rockvale 0003000 0—3 C. F. & 1 3 2 13 *— 9 Batteries — Wilson and John, Kennedy and Groves. Hits— Rockvale, 5; C. F. & L, 9. Errors — Rockvale, 4; C. F. & I., 2. Struck out — By Kennedy, 8; by Wilson, 4. Passed ball— John. Wild pitch— Wilson, 2. C. F. & I., 13; Minnequa Hospital, 2. Saturday, August 30, is memorable with the nine made up of physicians from the Minnequa Hospital, it being the date when the doctors' team met its first defeat. Vic- tory perched on the banners of the C. F. & I. team with a score of 13 to 2. The game was played at the Lake Park and was wit- nessed by a large crowd made up of enthu- siastic partisans of the two organizations of players. The tabulated score follows: C. F. & I. ab. r. lb. po. a. e. Spencer, third base 5 14 12 1 Hahn, center field 5 13 10 Robson, short stop 5 1 1 1 Lee, first base 5 2 1 8 Kennedy, left field 5 2 2 1 Walker, right field 5 2 2 Groves, catcher 5 2 2 14 2 Mullen, second base 5 110 2 Shaw, pitcher 5 10 111 45 13 16 27 7 2 Minnequa Hospital. ab. r. lb. po. a. e. Powers, catcher 4 2 2 7 2 Ditzler, third base 4 2 Merritt, right field 3 Adams, short stop 4 1 1 2 1 Wilson, center field 4 2 Scarlett, second base 4 3 2 Baker, first base 3 12 1 Osborne, pitcher 3 5 1 Leach, left field 3 2 32 2 3 27 13 3 Score by innings: 123456789 C. F. & 1 2 3 14 3 0—13 Doctors 10 000 00 01—2 Stolen bases — Spencer, Robson, Lee, Ken- nedy, Shaw, Powers 2. Two base hits — Ken- nedy, Walker, Powers. Three base hits — Hahn, Walker, Groves, Mullen. Struck out — By Shaw, 13; by Osborne, 5. Passed balls — Groves, 1; Powers, 1. Left on bases — C. F. & I., 4; Doctors, 3. Earned runs — C. F. & I., 7. Bases on balls — Shaw, 1. Umpire, Con- way. Scorer — Righter. SOPRIS. Colonel Burns of Leoti, Kansas, a grand old man of the Websterian type, who has been county attorney of Wichita, Kansas, for eight years, is visiting his daughter, Mrs. George Williams. Miss Agnes Williams has rejoined her parents, Mr. and Mrs. George Williams. The funeral of the late superintendent, William Skidmore of Torcita, took place from the {residence of his daughter, Mrs. Chambers, Friday, August 29, under the au- spices of the I. O. O. F., and was largely at- tended by sorrowing friends and neighbors. Mrs. Ward Tucker of Carbondale is vis- iting her daughter, Mrs. James Thompson. Mrs. Yoder, Pearl Yoder and Gladys 242 CAMP AND PLANT. Moyer leave soon for a trip to Cheyenne, Wyoming. Mrs. William McDermott, a resident of the camp for eleven years, will remove to Trin- idad next week to complete the education of her son and daughter. Their departure is much regretted. The family of the late G. S. Parker are visiting at the home of B. Loyd, our es- teemed coke boss. A Maccabees lodge of fifteen members has been organized in the camp. SUNRISE, WYO. Assistant Superintendent Jerrard has been taking advantage of the opening of the game season. W. B. Rosenberger, who has been head chemist since March 15, has been trans- ferred to Fierro, New Mexico. Before as- suming his new position he will inspect, with Superintendent Gilchrist, some of the com- pany properties in Colorado. Mr. Fraun- felter of Eaton, Pennsylvania, who is at present with the Allegheny Ore and Iron Company of Goshen, Virginia, will take tho position made vacant here. Mr. Rosenberg- er will fill the capacity of chemist and min- ing engineer at Fierro. As a pleasant gen- tleman we commend Mr. Rosenberger to our friends at Fierro. A bath room containing three excellent showers has lately been completed. It is connected with the boiler room of the C. & W. shop, where hot and cold water can be had at any hour during the year. Mr. and Mrs. D. F. Whitney, W. B. Rosen- berger and H. C. Lee were visitors in Chey- enne during the Frontier Day celebration. Four more carpenters have been annexed to our building force. A very enjoyable little dance was given Saturday evening, August 30. A very pleasant party was given by Mr. and Mrs. P. J. Gannon, Wednesday, August 27, from 3 to 6 P. M., in honor of the first birthday of their son, John Thomas. The little fellow was the recipient of many beau- tiful presents, and the well wishes of all. M. W. Littleton left Monday in company with his brother, William, for Hot Springs, South Dakota. EMERGENCY TREATMENT VII. MUSCLES. Every person knows what you mean when you speak of muscle, but few, perhaps, can say more than it is muscle or meat. To the naked eye muscle seems to be a mass of flesh without form or structure, but if ex- amined carefully under the microscope it will be found to possess peculiar structure. There are two kinds of muscle: One is called voluntary or striated muscle, the other involuntary or non-striated muscle. The first is under the control of the will of a person. We know how we can make the muscle stand out in the arm and in the leg whenever we wish to display our muscles. It is by the will that we move the arm or leg. This is done by the brain commanding the muscle to contract as in walking or striking. It is by willing the voluntary muscles we are able to wink, pucker our mouth when we whistle, run, jump or turn a hand-spring. The voluntary or striated muscle is com- posed of slender fibers measuring about one five hundredths of an inch in diameter and about one inch long, which have the power of contracting, and when the masses or bun- dle of these fibers act together they make a lump or knot one has the power of raising in his arm when he sharply flexes the fore- arm on the shoulder. All of the great muscles of the body are CAMP AND PLANT. Fig 42. 244 CAMP AND PLANT. Fig. 43. CAMP AND PLANT. 245 composed of voluntary or striated muscle tissue. The involuntary or non-striated muscle is composed of long flattened fibers which are not under the control of a person's will ; they surround the blood vessels, intestines and other internal organs. Muscles are of many shapes: long, short, flat, triangular or square, and are attached to bones, cartilage, ligaments and surround- ed by tendons. There are three hundred and eleven vol- untary muscles in the human body. In a person weighing one hundred and fifty pounds, the muscles weigh about sixty pounds, or a little less than one-half of the weight of the whole body. By studying the figures accompanying this article one may learn the names of many of the prominent muscles. If the reader will familiarize himself with the names and positions of the larger muscles he will find it of infinite value in studying articles that are to follow in this series. HINTS ON hygiene: VII. AIR AND ITS CONSTITUENTS. The air which so universally surrounds us and on which we are so absolutely depend- ent for existence Is often the source of many of the ills which this flesh is heir to. The reason for this is that the air, espe- cially in large cities and crowded communi- ties, is very seldom pure, for in its very nature it is subject to many variations in its composition. What Air Is. Air is not a chemical compound as water it, but is a mechanical mixture of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, dioxide and usually some ammonium and watery vapor. It is nearly always contaminated with other materials, gaseous and solid, organic and inorganic; and the proportions of even the normal con- stituents frequently vary widely. Its Constituents. The average proportions of pure air are, oxygen, 20.9 per cent.; nitrogen, 79 per cent.; and carbon dioxide, .04 per cent. Of these oxygen is the most essential com- ponent, and even slight variations in its amount are followed by more or less marked symptoms on our part. The reason for this is apparent when we known the physiology of the lungs, and the uses to which oxygen is put in the animal economy. The Lungs and Their Function. The lungs are composed ultimately of small air cells or spaces, each of which is lined on all sides with a very thin layer of epithelium. In these walls of the air cells run small capillaries, or minute branch- Air Cell. Blood. Section of Air Cells of Lung — Diagramatic. es of the larger blood vessels; so that the air in the lungs is really separated from the blood only by a layer of epithelium. Therefore, an interchange of gases from air to blood and from blood to air, can readily take place. The hemoglobin, or red coloring matter of blood, has the power of combin- ing with oxyygen, and thus by removing the latter from the air secures it for its own use. Having in this way become aerated, the blood passes to the heart, and from there is sent to every portion of the body; and each organ as the blood reaches it, removes what oxygen it needs for carrying on its own particular function, and in turn gives up its waste products (principally carbon dioxide). So, the further on the blood travels the more impurities it contains, and the darker in color it becomes, till finally it is known as "venous blood." It has lost its oxygen, so must return to the lungs for a fresh sup- ply, and also for the purpose of getting rid of the carbon dioxide. That it does this is shown by the fact that the expired air — that breathed out — contains more than one hun- dred times as much carbon dioxide as the inspired air — that taken in — and that the color of the blood changes again to a bright red on passing through the lungs. If for any reason there is a deficiency of oxygen in the inspired air or an excess of carbon dioxide, this interchange goes on im- perfectly, and, the blood not being properly aerated, the organs of the body suffer in con- sequence. I shall reserve for the next paper the par- ticular effects produced. 246 CAMP AND PLANT. THE EXODUS Transfer of Patients From tKe Old Hospital to tHe Ne^vir. We have abandoned the old hospital in Block X. With tears and smiles, sadness and joy, we have made our exodus from a home of twenty years. We loved the old place and we parted from it with reluc- tance. When we went there, not a blade of grass relieved the eye or a leaf cast a shad- ow. With regrets we gave up the vines that cover the house, the turf that has been the patients' delight and the trees we planted, which have developed into magnificent pro- portions, spreading their great protecting arms over the sufferers, nursing them back to life. We have seen the hospital develop beyond anticipated proportions, double, treble, quadruple. We looked forward to our leaving with im- patience and longed for a sight of the prom- ised land. But our going has been accom- panied with heartaches and pain. We have left a home that has been kind to us and sheltered us under many trying conditions. The walls and wards whispered sad good- byes and recalled fond recollections. The rooms and porches, scenes of many happy meetings with friends, some of whom have gone — gone a long way — recall occasions de- lightful to cherish and remain indelibly reg- istered in our hospital records. The hos- pital and the grounds have been left behind but the memories of happy, as well as sad, days have been carried away with us and can never be forgotten. The C. F. & I. hospital in Block X served its purpose well and, but for lack of space, would not have been abandoned. Thousands of patients have been treated and cared for in this institution. During the past year 1,230 cases were treated, many of them of a serious nature. Although often working un- der disadvantages on account of lack of space, the results have been most satisfac- tory, those of surgery flattering, for not a case developed pus during the year, which came to us clean. The exodus was speedy and well arranged, the promised land reached without an ac- cident. There was no dissension, scarcity of food or water. Ambulances and elec- tricity annihilated time. The convalescents Convalescents Leaving Old C. F. & I. Hospital for Minnequa Hospital. CAMP AND PLANT. 247 Patients on Their Way to the New Hospital Buildings. made the wanderings of the mesa in a street far and within forty minutes changed their abode from Block X to Minnequa. Minnequa Hospital is all we anticipated, the commodious quarters well lighted and ventilated, the spacious grounds and charm- ing surroundings are ideal for the sick and for the well. For those who are able, the lake affords fishing and aquatic sports. To the bed-ridden, the fresh and cool mountain breezes are exhilarating and health giving. A more delightful and charming location Patients About to Enter the Grounds of the New Hospital. 248 CAMP AND PLANT. could not have been selected for the new hospital. The hospital is a model of excel- lence, the scenery exquisite, the air invig- orating, and like the people of old — while we were not driven from home by plagues or starvation, or pursued by an enemy — we rejoice at our deliverance from contracted quarters to a land full of promise and hope. We are thankful to those who gave it and trust we may show our appreciation and prove ourselves worthy and grateful. A Matter of Experiment. Things are done in a breezy way in the Cy- clone State, says the Green Bag. For in- stance, a Kansas lawyer prints his portrait in the local paper and adds this bit of phil- osophy: "I was born, am living, and I suppose will have to die. As to what I can do, bring me your business and try me." FROM OUR EXCHANGES. In the course of an extended account of the opening of the Minnequa Hospital The Pueblo Star-Journal of Wednesday evening, August 6, says: "Each visitor, on entering the hospital, was handed a copy of Camp and Plant, which was issued as a souvenir number for Minnequa Hospital opening day. It was handsomely got up and an interesting num- ber of thirty-five pages, replete with printed matter pertaining to the hospital, and con- taining thirty-three fine half tone views in and about the hospital and Lake Minnequa, with group pictures of the hospital staff and the nurses. There is also an elaborate map of the grounds and buildings. The edition re- flects much credit on Lawrence Lewis, ed- itor of Camp and Plant, and the souvenirs will be retained by all receiving them for future reference." He that wants health, wants everything. — French Proverb. Better wear out shoes than sheets. — Scotch Proverb. VoLuiE II SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, 1902 Number 11 COALBASIN, COLORADO A Beautiful Coal Mining Camp in PitKin County — History of tKe Camp— ©6c Mine and Superintend- ents o/tKe WorR— ©6c Men- Model Dwellings—^^c ScKooi and 'VITorK o^ tHe Sociological Department OALBASIN, one of the most pict- uresque little coal camps in Col- orado, is situated in the western part of Pitkin County, on what is commonly called the High- Line, a narrow gauge branch of the Crystal River Railroad, extending twelve miles from Redstone to Coalbasin. By way of the Den- ver & Rio Grande Railroad to Carbondale and the Crystal River Railroad, Coalbasin is forty miles south and west of the capital city. It is on the eastern slope of the West Elk Mountain range. History of the Camp. The history of the camp extends as far back as 1882, when the territory was first Trestle Leading from Tipple to Mouth of Tunnel, Coalbasin. ing Dpwn. Height, 50 Feet. Ten Loaded Cars Com- 250 CAMP AND PLANT. prospected and claimed by William Batt, William Fell, James Lambert and Perham Brothers, William Batt making first pre-emp- tion. Their interests eventually were trans- ferred to the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany. The vein being situated 319 feet above the level of the tipple, it became necessary to drive a rock tunnel 1,200 feet to reach it. First excavation in the tunnel was com- menced in 1892. on an inclined plane 1,400 feet long. Ten loaded cars going down haul, by means of a cable, the ten empties up. They are con- trolled by drums, furnished with powerful brakes 700 feet inside of the mine. The distance from the mouth of the tun- nel to the face of the first right entry is 4,500 feet. The company is putting in three new boilers and a new engine for the pur- pose of changing the present gravity sys- tem of letting the coal down from the mine to the tipple to that of steam. When the new plant is installed twenty cars at a time Some of the Old Houses in Coalbasin. In 1893, the year of the panic, all work was suspended and the mine remained shut down until 1898, when operations were re- sumed by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany, and have continued without interrup- tion ever since on a constantly increasing scale. The present output is 800 tons daily, but when the new hoisting machinery, which is now being installed, is in operation, the daily production will be increased to 2,000 tons. The Mine. The coal is excellent for coking and steam fuel. The product of the mine is handled instead of ten can be sent down the in- cline. The vein is about ten feet thick and dips to the west at an angle of 12 degrees. The coal seems to improve in quality the fur- ther the openings are extended. By means of a large fan placed at the opening of one of the entries the mine is kept clear of gas. In addition to this precaution, safety lamps are used by the men, and a system of water pipes has been installed in the mine, so that the entries and rooms may be sprinkled and the dust, ever dangerous in a coal mine because of its explosiveness, laid. CAMP AND PLANT. 251 The mine is also equipped with a tele- phone system, instruments being placed at various places, which are connected with a central office. The Men. Two hundred and sixty-five men, Amer- icans, Austrians and Italians, are employed at Coalbasin. Those in Charge. James Stewart, the present superintend- ent, succeeded J. D. Griffith in September, 1901. Mr. Stewart has been in the com- pany's employ for many years, and has The Store. The mercantile business of Coalbasin is handled by the Colorado Supply Company. The company built and occupied its first store in August, 1900. The company's first building was constructed of logs, and is now occupied by Mr. Shaw and his family. The company also opened up a boarding house in the same building. In the spring of 1901 the Colorado Supply Company erected a large and commodious two-story building, into which, the first of May, 1901, it transferred its combined enterprises. Some of the New Houses at Coalbasin Built by the C. F. & I. Co. gradually worked his way up to his present responsible position. Dr. W. E. Ashby is local surgeon, he hav- ing taken the place in December, 1901, of Dr. S. C. Clark, who is now at Madrid, N. M. E. P. Linskey is clerk of the mine, which position he has held since August, 1900. Mr_ Linskey was the first clerk and agent for the Crystal River Railroad, and for many years he has enjoyed continuous employ-' ment and the confidence of the company. He is also operator for the Mountain and West- ern Union Telegraph companies. John Shaw is pit boss. To meet the rapid growth of business it was found necessary to erect a separate building of larger dimensions for the operation of its mercantile enterprise, and into this the stock of goods was moved February, 1902. The business has been steadily growing, keeping pace with the needs and develop- ment of the camp. The stock includes a full line of dry goods, boots and shoes, groceries, meats, hardware and so forth. C. A. Redd was manager of the store from its first establishment in 1900 to January 1, 1902, at which time he was superceded by the present manager, L. A. Hanawald. Mr. Han- 52 CAMP AND PLANT. awald has been in the employ of the com- pany for three years. The company boarding house is now occu- pied and managed by Thomas Hughes, the company having put it in his charge last May. Model Dwellings. The first house, or cabin, of the camp was built in the fall of 1883 by William Batt and party. This humble structure of logs (see page 258) still remains, a landmark and monument of their courage and determined They are located on streets, thus presenting order and economy. Water Supply. The camp is supplied with water through pipes, from the two reservoirs, laid along one side of each street. The pipes are tapped at convenient intervals by hydrants and fire plugs. One hundred feet of hose, wound on reels, in convenient Boxes, is at each fire plug, giving the camp unusually good protection against fire. The larger of the two reservoirs is 174 feet above the camp, giving a pressure of seventy-five Colorado Supply Co. Store Coalbasin in Winter. energy. Here they spent the long winter hours watching and guarding their interests in the place, which they felt sure would in time become a center of industry and wealth. Here they laid plans and dreamed dreams of future wealth. In 1901 the company erected some seventy odd cottages, containing from three to six rooms, all lathed and plastered, painted and finished up in neat and modern style, and presenting a striking contrast to the first primitive log huts. They are warm and comfortable, and mark an innovation in the manner of building houses in coal camps. pounds to the square inch. The water is both abundant and pure. The Coalbasin Club. The Coalbasin club house, which was built in February, 1902, consists of billiard room, card room, reading room and bar room, besides a small cloak room and a pri- vate apartment for the manager. Under- neath part of the building, and extending north, is a large and well equipped cellar, a kind of cold storage for liquors and bottled goods. No ice is needed to keep this apart- ment cool. The beer is forced from the keg, which is located in the cellar, by hyraulic CAMP AND PLANT. 253 pressure furnished by water conducted from the hydrant, through a very ingenious pump, the action of which produces compressed air, which is forced into the top of the barrel while the beer is taken from the bottom through a pipe, which leads up to the faucet back of the bar. Billiard Room. The billiard room contains two combina- tion tables and all the modern equipment pertaining thereto. Card and Game Room. The card room contains tables, cards. club. Any kind of a beverage can be had from simple and wholesome lemonade to the most elaborate mixed drink. Owing to a want of sufficient room, two additions are being made on the north side of the present building. The dimensions of these rooms are 24x28 feet, and will afford more commodious billiard and card rooms and a bath room. The building as a whole will then be as complete and nicely ar- ranged as any club house in the state out- side of those in the large cities. H. A. Yewell, who is also manager of Red- Colorado Supply Company Store Building, Coalbasin. chips, checker boards and every equipment necessary to carry on social games, and is in every way comfortably furnished and at- tractive for those who wish to pass away a few hours at card playing. Reading Room. The reading room is magnificently and even lavishly furnished. It is well supplied with all the latest English, German, Sla- vonic and Italian periodicals of all kinds. The Bar Room. The bar room is neatly, though plainly, furnished and equipped, and is purposely made not so attractive as other parts of the stone club, is manager of the club house at Coalbasin and president of the board of di- rectors. Officers and Management. The Coalbasin club was organized June 22, 1902, by J. C. Osgood, who was also origina- tor and promoter of the idea. It is man- aged by a board of seven directors. The present members of the board of directors are H. A. Yewell, president; T. A. Hana- wald, vice-president; E. P. Linskey, secre- tary and treasurer; James Stewart, W. E. Ashby, Joe Michlich and Raffael Coloizzi. The board is elected once a year and meets 254 CAMP AND PLANT. once a week. The club contains two hun- dred members, associate and active. The monthly dues are fifty cents. No liquor is allowed to be sold or handled in the camp except by the club. This rule is rigorously enforced. No treating is allowed, no pro- fane or vulgar language permitted in the club house, no gambling or drunkenness is tolerated. The club was instituted by J. C. Osgood primarily to do away with promiscu- ous and intemperate drinking. This object has been fully attained. The club already has had a remarkable effect in promoting good morals and temperance in the camp. Work of the Sociological Department. The Sociological Department has estab- lished a circulating library of fifty books, which is highly appreciated by the reading a small mining camp four miles above Red- stone. A narrow gauge branch, commonly called the "High Line," and oiflcially the Coalbasin branch of the Crystal River rail- road, extends from Redstone to Coalbasin. The High Line. This "High Line" is remarkable for its grand scenery, its heavy grade and sharp curves. Towering hills, deep, rugged can- ons, forests, parks and glens make up a scenic display beyond the genius of pen or language to depict. The average grade is four and one-half per cent., and the track, with its numerous curves, many of them 40 degrees, which make up over two-thirds of the mileage, winds like a huge serpent around crags, hills and points. This road, considered by engineers a remarkable exhi Two of the Old Houses in Coalbasin. element of the camp. The department also requires the local physician to deliver lec- tures on anatomy, physiology and hygiene to the school twice a month, and has sup- plied the school with a series of art pic- tures, which are very interesting and in- structive. The School. The graded school of Coalbasin opened early in September and will continue the regular term of nine months. Miss Cole of Aspen has been engaged as teacher for the coming year. The children of lawful age number about thirty. Crystal River Railroad. The Crystal River railroad extends from Carbondale, where It connects with the Denver and Rio Grande railroad, to Placita, bition of skill, was completed to Coalbasin in December, 1900, the first haul of coal having been made two years ago the 20th of next December. Environment of the Camp. The rugged peaks and crags, the lofty hills, with their cold gray rocks, bubbling brooklets, waterfalls and gushing springs; their forests and rich flora, distant moun- tains, perpetually snow-capped, all present a scene which cannot but excite admiration, wonder and awe. Coalbasin is among the highest coal mining camps in the state, hav- ing an elevation of 9,500 feet. The fauna and flora of the Rocky Mountains of Colo- rado are well represented in the territory surrounding this beautiful and busy little camp. All kinds of mountain flowers, shrub- CAMP AND PLANT. 255 bery and trees abound, as well as game of all kinds found in the Rockies. Being pro- tected on the north, west and south by the Elk Mountain range, Coalbasin is screened from all severe storms, wind and blizzards, making the climate equable both summer and winter. Considerable snow falls dur- ing the winter, but owing to the protection afforded by the mountains there is little wind, and consequently few deep drifts. A Healthful Village. Of all the camps owned by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, Coalbasin is with- out a doubt the prettiest and most health- ful of all. During its history, which ex- tends over several years, there have been only two deaths, both of infants. A more altezza di 9,500 piedi sopra il livello del rnare. Nell' Estate le montagne sono co- perte da fiori selvatici e da erba e nell' in- verno non importa che la neve sia talvolta alta, pure il traffico ferroviario non viene mai sospeso. Le Mine. Fu sin dal 1882 che William Batt, William Fell, James Lambert e Perhan Brothers cominciarono a prospettare in qella re- gione, procurandosi terreni dal govemo che di poi vendettero a J. C. Osgood il presente Direttore del corpo amministrativo della Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. Questa propriety, fu di poi trasferita a questa Com- pagnia. Fra il 1893 e il 1896 la mina tH fermata, per6 di poi che i lavori furono ricominciati si 6 sempre lavorato senza in- Coalbasin Club and Some of the New Houses remarkable health record probably cannot be produced anywhere else in the state. W. E. A. ^BggionB 3faliana. m COALBASIN. OALBASIN, uno del piu pittoreschi campi minerari della Colorado Fuel and Iron Company § situato nella Contea di Pitkin in Colorado, a 407 miglia al sud-ovest di Denver per la via ferrata del Denver Rio Grande, sopra il ramo ferro- viario di Coalbasin della ferrovia Crystal River e dista undici miglia da Redstone. II campo 6 posto sul versante est della giogaia Elk Mountain restando cosi riparato dal vento nella stagione cattiva ad onta dell terruzione sino al giomo d' oggi. La pro- duzione giornaliera della mina e presente- mente di 800 tonellate, ed appena che le nuove macchine che si stanno presente- mente installando saranno in operazione, il prodotto di quella mina sarS, di circa 2,000 tonellate al giomo. II carbone il quale S eccellente tanto per vapore che per cucina 6 tutto spedito a Redstone, dove parte di esso 6 ridotto a Coke e il rimanente § man- dato per ferrovia sul mercato. La vena nella mina di Coalbasin ha dieci piedi di spessore ed ha un declivio di dodici gradi all' ovesL La mina 6 tenuta libera dal gas per mezzo di un perfezionato sistema di ventilatori a vapore; lampade di sicurezza sono nulla- meno usate per precauzione e condotti d' acqua sono per tutta la mina onde bagnare 256 CAMP AND PLANT. soventi il polvericcio nelle entrate e nelle camere. I Soprintendenti del Lavoro. James Steware e il soprintendente della mina sin dal Settembre 1901 e B. P. Linsky ne e il segretario; il Dottore W. E. Ashby ne e il Chirurgo dal Dicenibre scorso. La Colorado Supply Company tiene cola un grande negozio e casa di pensione che tras- portarono il Febbraio scorso in un grande fabbricato nuovo; del negozio ne e diret- tore L. A. Hanawald e della pensione Thomas Hughes. I Lavoranti. La maggioranza dei lavoranti § composta di Italiani, Austriaci e Amerieani. Nell' Aprile di quest' anno erano col^ impiegate 195 persone. Case Model lo. La prima casa costrutta in Coalbasin nel 1883, fatta rozzamente di alberi sta ancora eretta a contrasto delle settantacinque bel- lissime case modello fatte costruire dalla compagnia per i lavoranti nel 1901; queste case che sono da tre a sei camere sono tutte ben finite si internamente che ester- iormente e con comodita dell' acqua che e provvista da un riserbatoio che sta sopra il campo; 1' acqua si trova in abbondanza tan- to per uso domestico che per protezione contro gl' incendi. II Club di Coalbasin. II Club di Coalbasin costrutto dalla Com- pagnia nel Febbraio 1902 ad uso di tutti i suoi impiegati contiene una sala di bigliar- do. Una sala da giuoco, una sala di let- tura, r uflBcio per il direttore, guardaroba e un locale per bere. Non e permesso a ness- uno di pagare a bere per altri come pure non & permesso di giuocare per grosse somme. Una particolareggiata descrizione di questo Club sar&, data in un altro nu- mero. II Club § stato aperto il 22 di Giugno ed e sotto la direzione H. A. Yewell. La Scuola ed il Lavoro Sociologico. Le Vr i,nze estive della scuola pubblica sono terminate, e per il corso regolare dei nove mesi ora cominciati § stata impiegata a maestra la signorina Cole di Aspen la quale ha sotto di lei cura trenta scuolari. II dipartimento sociologico il quale esercita una certa sorveglianza S'opra il Club ha provvisto il campo di una libreria circo- lante, come pure ha provvisto la scuola di una collezione di ogetti d' arte, di piil ha stabilito che un corso di conferenze sopra r anatomia, fisiologia ed Igiene sia dato d' in quando in quando dal Chirurgo cola residente. ^latJEnshiD J^bJBlJBnje. e COALBASIN. OALBASIN, jedna od najbolji Campa od Colorado Fuel & Iron Company, * lezi u Pitkin County, Colorado, 407 milja od Denvera, juznim i sjevernim putem od D. & R. G. zeljeznice, Coalbasin Branch i Crystal River R. R. Camp, a odaljena je od Redstona samo il' milja. Coalbasin Camp je jedna od najstrfariji Campa u zapadnom Elk Mountain Range, te imade visinu od 9,500 noga nad morjem. Podneblje je prama visini vrlo povoljno. Preko Ijeta pokrita su ta brda sa divljim milomirisnim cvjecem i zelenom travom, a zimi je snjeg tago nizak, da nesjim meta nikada prometu. Mina "Gruba." Godine 1882 William Batt, William Fell, James Lambert and braca Perham istrazivali su rudu u tom kraju, istu nasli, i sebi pris- vojili. Poslje prodali su istu J. C. Osgood, novoma presjedniku odbora directorah od The C. F. & I. Comp. i Whitebreast Fuel Comp. Ta Campa prenesena je posle u vlastnictvo Col- orado Fuel and Iron Comp. Izmedju godini 1892 i 1898 bio jeutoj mini obustavljen rad, ali 1898 god. bi ta mina na novo otvorena, te od tog doba neprestano radi. Danas se preko 800 tona ugljena Iz e mine vadi, a dok budu novi strojevi nam- jesteni, ocekiva se preko 2,000 tona na dan. Taj ugljen je izvrstne kakvoce za upotreou kuvanja i proizoadjanja pare. Vecina toga ugljena tovari se za Redstone, tamo bude pretvoren u "Coks," tovaren u poseblne vagane (care) i bacen na pijacu (market). Ugljevna zila Coal Basin je 10 noguh de- bela, te se pruza prama zapadu u kutu od 12 stupanja. Ova mina prosta je od plina, sto imadu rade nici zahvaliti izverstnoj ventil- aciji iste. Radnici upotrebljuju sjegurne lampase, voda je uvedena u mini okolo nao- kolo, te tako je osjeguran i olaksan rad vrednome minern. Uperavitely Mine. James Stewart je upravitelj mine od god. 1901, E. T. Linsky je kancellista, a Dr. W. E. Ashley je kao drustveni liecnik od prosinca CAMP AND PLANT. 257 prosle godine. The Col. Supply Comp. pos- jeduje kucu za radnike, te imade i ducan u istoj campi, kojega je poslednog veljade u novu kucu preselita L. A. Hanavald je novi poslovodja, docim je Thomas Hughes poslo- vodja u radnic koj kuci, tako zvanom "Board- ing Housu." Radnici. Austrijanci (razumlje se slovenl), talyani i Amerikanci su stanownici te Campe. Kroz mjesec travarj bio je Iroj radenika. . . , Kuce. Arva kuca bila je god, 1883 u Coalbasinu dozvoljena. Vosebni opis toga dru§tva do- neti ce se obsirinje u svoje vrieme. Ovo drustvo stupilo je u zivot Juna 22, 1902, a H. A. Jewell je upravitelj istoga. " koleisociologi ne radnje." Zi pet dana prestaja soloboda djaku skole se otvaraju. Skoljko doba traje ovdje devet mjesa. Gospodjica Cole iz Aspena izabrana je za tekucn skolsku godinu uciteljicom te skole, Broj dpaka doseze danas trideset. Sociolokicni odjel bude uredjen u drust- venoj kuci, providjen sa po ucuima i zabav- Another View of the Coalbasin Club. sagradjena od netesanog drveta po sedam- deset strajkajuci vadenika., God. 1901 pve- pravljena je ta sgrada u stanove od 3 to 6 soba, providjena sa vodo vodom iz resarvoi- ra kompaninskog, i na najmoderniji nadin uredjena. Voda iz Comp. Resarvoira upotobljuje se za kucne potrebe i u slucaju vatre. "Coalbasin zabadno drustvo." "Coalbasin zabavno druStvo" ustrojeno je God. 1902, za zabavu minera, providjena je sa bilijardima, sobom za igranje karata, citaonicom kancelarijom uyravitelja 1 sobom gaje se to6i pice. Igra na velike svote nije nima knigama mjestni Ijercnik drzati ce predavanja o anatomije, physiologiji, i hy- giene. COWBOY RELAY RACES. Strings of horses from Kansas and all parts of Colorado have been entered in the cowboy races at the Colorado State Fair, Pueblo, September 16 to 20. Learning maketh young men temperate, is the comfort of old age, standing for wealth with poverty, and serving as an ornament to riches. — Cicero. 258 CAMP AND PLANT. Blake, R. R., of Redstone, who was admit- ted August 23 -with fever, is steadily improv- ing. Aker, Dominick, of Berwind, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 12, on account of typhoid fever, is doing well. Alexander, Robert, of Walsenburg, who was sent to the hospital May 16, because of an abscess on the stump of an amputated leg, and who was again operated upon on June 10, is walking about. First Cabin Built at Coaibasin. Mr. Batt relates the following incident^which hap- pened to him and his partner, Dick Perham, while they occupied this primitive cabin : "■We had killed a couple of deer early in October, 1883, and hung them up in the cabin for winter meat. Deer in those days were very plentiful and it was no trick to kill them. We had been absent about ten days, and when we returned we were chagrined to find our winter meat consumed. A silver tipped bear had broken into the cabin window and burglarized the shanty to the extent of the deer. Being in no good humor, Dick seized his Winchester and struck trail in hot pursuit, and it is needless to inform the reader that the intruder was soon slain, quartered and hung in the cabin in place of the deer. Instead of deer meat we enjoyed bear meat. Bear ate deer and man ate bear — the law of compensation was fulfilled." Anderson, S. P., of Sopris, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 12 on account of an injured hand, caused by a premature explosion of dynamite, is nearly well. Areman, N., of Primero, who was admitted to the hospital July 16 on account of a con- tused head, is getting better. Arnijio, B., of El Moro, who was admitted to the hospital August 2 with a contused right ankle, is doing well. Brown, William, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July 16 with a fractured right tibia and left femur, is doing nicely. Cassas, Amido, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 19, on account of a lacerated left hand, has been dis- charged. Chappetti, Pete, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerrillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 with a hepatic abscess (abscess of the liver), was operated upon July 5 and is doing well. Conzonl, James, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July 8, ill with typhoid fever, has gone home. Conti, Dana, of Coaibasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with two broken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg, and is getting better. Cundy, John, of Engle, who was admitted to the hospital August 7 on account of a corneal ulcer, has gone to his home. Dunali, James, of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital July 8 on account of a burned eye, is getting better. Fatour, John, of Primero, who was admit- ted to the hospital August 8 on account of a fractured leg, is now walking about. Framarme, Frank, of Trinidad, an em- ploye of the Colorado & Wyoming Railway (Southern Division), who entered the hos- pital July 9 and who is being treated for lac- erations of his hands, is doing nicely. Garda, Felix, of Brookside, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account of contused back and legs, is doing well. Gratt, Josie, of Primero, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 8 on account of a fractured leg, is now walking about. Hegedus, Joseph, of Primero, who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is now walking about the yard. Marola, John., of Spring Gulch, who came to the hospital July 18 because of an in- fected right arm, is doing well. Michelich, George, of Coaibasin, who was admitted to the hospital May 3 on account of a fractured leg, has gone to his home. Myers, Martin, of Fremont, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 13, has gone home. Pagnolta, Forte, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25, on account of a contused head, is walking around. Perrin, W. G., of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 21 on account of lumbago, is improving. Randle, C. P., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account CAMP AND PLANT. 259 of a lacerated and contused leg, injuries which were sustained by him by being caught under a moving train, is getting bet- ter. Rose, Peter, of Coalbasin, who was sent to the hospital July 16 on account of a com- pound fracture of the right arm, will soon go to his home. Scanlan, Martin, of Segundo, who was sent to the hospital August 6 on account of pleu- risy, is better. Vavra, Malachi, of Brookside, who was admitted to the hospital July 17, ill with typhoid fever, is getting better. Versailli, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- It Would Save Time. The city hall stood just up the street from where Charles Augustus Whittemore worked but it was just out of sight owing to a curve in the street. One day, as Charlie was stand- ing in front of the store, a man came along and inquired for the city hall. G-g~go o-ov-er -up th- th- the — G-g-go-o o-o-over — go th- the- (whistle here) go — up — th- th-" and then, catching his voice, "Oh, go on, you can find it before I can tell you!" W. H. M.L. GET IN LINE. It will be 365 days before you can see any- thing like the Colorado State Fair unless you are in Pueblo from September 16 to 20. New Model Dwellings, Coalbasin. mitted to the hospital August 19 with a lac- erated hand, is doing well. Wallace, William, of Segundo, who was admitted to the hospital July 5, on account of bruises about the body, caused by falling down a shaft, is walking around. Watkin, William, of Rockvale, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 21 with a com- pound fracture of the right leg, is doing well. Statements made in daily morning papers to the effect that Watkin's leg was amputated were incorrect, as the leg has been saved, and he is now walking about. Zambrano, Frank, of Tabasco, who was admitted to the hospital July 26 on account of typhoid fever, is doing well. A Matilda Man. The servant at little two-year-old Mar- garet's house was a colored woman name I Matilda. One day some friends were driven up to Margaret's house by their negro coach- man. Margaret went out in the front yard and then came running to her mother. "Oh, mamma," she said, "there is a Matilda man out there." W. H. M. L. Deep Down. Flatter — Your boy, I hear, is a deep stu- dent. Popley — He's always at the bottom of his class, if that's what you mean. — Philadel- phia Record. 260 CAMP AND PLANT. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY pobliished by the sociological department of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company and devoted to news from the mines and mills LAWRENCE LEWIS, Editor Denver Pueblo offices : Boston Building, Room 720 Minnequa Hospital Entered at the Postoffice at Denver, Colo., as second- class mail matter. Subscription PriCe $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either OflBce. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Saturday, September 13, 1902 NOTICE. Subscribers who wish to have Camp and Plant sent to a new address should give their old address ,as well as the new. The editor will not guarantee that the change will be made unless both addresses and the subscriber's name in full are given. c ^ NE'WS ITEMS JS^ 3 EL MORO. Horace Hubbard, the coke boss, has gone to the hospital to undergo an operation for appendicitis. He reports doing well, and will be on his feet before long. Two new families have moved to camp by the names of Capparle and Vezzana. The new terrace is now being occupied, and there has been a revolution in the looks of the camp. Old fences have been torn down, debris and weeds borne off and quicklime used about the yards. The kindergarten grounds, too, have come in for a share of this transforming process. Miss Edith Knapp, the kindergarten teacher, spent the last week in August at her home in Colorado Springs, and had a most delightful time. The public school began last Tuesday with an enrollment of twenty pupils. The new text books are much enjoyed. The kindergarten opened Tuesday last with an attendance of twenty-three. E. K. FIERRO, N. M. Local floods during last week caused con- siderable damage to the railroads which re- quired several days to repair. Our schools opened promptly September 1 with an attendance of forty-five. Miss Schmidt is principal and Miss Sleigh is as- sistant. H. U. Mudge, general manager of the west- ern division of the Santa Fe railroad, ac- companied by D. E. Cain, J. F. McNally and C. H. Gaunt, came in over this branch on a tour of inspection September 5. A. T. Hahn left for Denver September 8 to take up clerical work in the Denver of- fice. He had just returned from a two we6ks' vacation spent at his home in Pueblo. Jesse O. Thomas, who has looked after the interests of the Hanover Bessemer company at this place for the past six months, will in a few days start for his future home in What- com, Wash. An addition is being built to the school house, making two rooms and requiring two teachers for the next term, a much needed improvement. Richard Kingdon has accepted a position with the Phelps Dodge company at Nacogari, Mexico, and has gone to that place. Judge English has resigned his position with the company and has gone into busi- ness on his own account. C. F. B. YOU'LL HAVE TO HURRY If you want to attend the Colorado State Fair at Pueblo, September 16 to 20. Some- thing doing every minute and a complete exhibition of the state's resources on the side. Too Late. I'll teach you to make love to my daughter! ! ! ! !" "What's the use? She has already taught me." — Life. The armor of ignorance cannot be pene- trated. It must be exploded. — Schoolmaster. CAMP AND PLANT. 261 RK5 PUEBLO. Andrew McGovern, craneman at the con- verter, has resigned his position. He left Pueblo Sunday, September 7, for St. Mary's college, in Kansas, where he will take a literary course. J. R. Case, the new night superintendent of the yard, takes the best wishes with him of all those who came within his sphere as night foreman of a floating gang. Mr. Case takes the place of Mr. Abrams, whose resig- nation took effect on the first. He is the son of H. A. Case, general superintendent of the yard, and has done good work as fore- man, meriting the promotion which he has just received. John Glover, day weigh master at the pig iron scales, has gone away for a two weeks' vacation. Richard V. Utter will attend to the scale house during Mr. Glover's absence. H. M. Walmsley, brother of the assistant superintendent of the yard, who was for a time foreman of a floating gang, is on his way east to attend college at Perdue, Ind. Alphonse Ohrtman, clerk in the timekeep- ing department, has resigned his position and will go to the Sandwich Islands, sailing on the 25th. He has accepted a place as manager of a large sugar plantation on one of the islands, and is to be congratulated on his good fortune and undoubted ability to handle such a position. E. P. Farley, an employe in the laboratory, is away from his work because of a bad thumb. It is feared that an amputation will be necessary to render the hand fit for work. Adam Deitz, craneman at the converter, is back from his vacation. He has been in Joliet, 111., for two weeks. C. C. Mattere has recovered from his ill- ness and is again at his labors. Alexander Buchanan has invested in an elegant new diamond ring, which he is wear- ing around the plant. G. W. Schuler, floating gang foreman, laid off for several days because of illness, but is now attending to his duties. The sympathy of his friends is earnestly extended to I. S. Brown, a gang foreman, whose young son had a leg broken in two places some days ago, owing to the care- lessness of his playmates, and whose daugh- ter was also injured by a fall two days after. Dan Carron, who was injured on his head some time ago, is again at work under Fore- man T. G. Marshall. A. T. Leavitt, former concrete foreman, has left for the East to enter college. Carl Bauers has resigned his position as clerk to Mr. Thompson, boss mason, to enter the Colorado School of Mines at Golden. C. D. Scruggs, the new gang foreman, has brought his family from the East and will reside here permanently. V. C. Trierre, assistant superintendent of the converter, has resumed his duties after a vacation of two weeks. All foremen who have been in the em- ploy of the company for three months or over were given a raise of 15 cents a day this month. Algernon Sidney Dodge, who is said to be superintendent of the Colorado and Wy- oming at Trinidad, and chief distribution clerk at the Minnequa works, as was feared, has been taken with erysipelas and is con- fined at the company hospital. Dan Bagley has resigned his position to enter school at Pueblo. Chester M. Wells, timekeeper, is somewhat crippled with rheumatism, although still able to attend to his duties. Foreman T. G. Marshall, after having seen his smooth face in the mirror, is again en- gaged in a very earnest endeavor to grow a moustache. Thomas Conroy, who is employed in the roll shop at the converter, has married and gone on a vacation. He very generously distributed a few boxes of fine cigars the day after the event, and the employes in general wish to thank him for a pleasant smoke. E. Butts, carpenter shop foreman, is tak- ing a vacation of two weeks, and will spend most of his time in Chicago. Mrs. and Miss Mattice, mother and sister of C. C. Mattice, who have been visiting the last named in Bessemer, will settle perma- nently in Pueblo. Mrs. Nushawg and daughter have gone east. They have been the guests of C. C. Mattice. Mrs. Charles Boomershine and daughter. 262 CAMP AND PLANT. after an extended visit with the former's son-in-law, have returned to their home at Dayton, O. A very unfortunate accident happened in the south yard on the morning of September 6. One of the night gangs was unloading a number of cars when several more were, without notice to the laborers, run up on the trestle and with such speed that they drove the cars already there a distance of several feet. The collision threw several men off their feet, and two, Joe Lendvogs and Mike Cotrich, fell between the cars. of 6 to 4. The story of the game is told in the error column. The home team seemed to be having an off day. Certainly they gave Shaw miserable support. Had he been sup- ported at all in the manner he should have been, the home team would have won, as his pitching was one of the finest exhibitions seen on the home grounds this year. On the other hand, the Homestead team played as one man, putting up splendid ball. The Old Homestead supporters carried away a large amount of Colorado Fuel and Iron money, as several hundred dollars were bet on the Part of Coalbasin and the Tramway in Winter. Both men were killed instantly. Owing to result. The following is the tabublated the darkness, it was impossible to render score: them even ordinary aid, or even to find out Colorado Fuel and Iron. on whom the blame rests. alj_ p_ 1b. do. a. e. For the occasion of the Colorado State Spencer, third base 4 2 Fair at Pueblo, September 16 to 20, the Den- Hahn, center field 4 1 ver and Rio Grande system will make a rate Lgg gj-st base 4 8 of one fare for the round trip. Tickets on Derby, left field 4 2 2 sale September 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19, good to Robson, short stop 4 1 2 2 3 return until September 21. Walker, right field 4 2 Old Homestead, 6; C. F. «&. r., 4. Groves, catcher 2 1 14 1 One of the most exciting games of the sea- Mullen, second base 3 1 1 son was played in Pueblo last Sunday, Sep- Shaw, pitcher 3 1 4 1 tember 7, when the Old Homesteads de- feated the Colorado Fuel and Iron by a score Totals 32 4 4 27 8 6 CAMP AND PLANT. 263 Old Homesteads. . ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. W. Good, catcher 5 1 2 15 1 Eickhoff, second base 4 12 Berkendohl, short stop. .. . 5 110 McGilvery, left field 3 4 1 Ewing, pitcher 5 Galgano, third base ...... . 411010 Mesch, first base 4 10 3 Williams, Garyson, rt field 4 1110 Roberts, center field 4 2 110 1 Totals 38 6 6 27 3 2 player, and clerk in the timekeeping depart- ment, has a fiattering offer from Salt Lake City, which he will probably decline, prefer- ring to remain with the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. A. W. Kennedy, the pitcher who led our team on to so many victories this season, accepted an offer from the Denver base- ball club and joined them the 5th of this month. COLORADO'S BIG FAIR. Tuesday morning, September 16, the gates to the Colorado State Fair at Pueblo will On the "High Line," Looking from Coalbasin Toward Redstone. Score by Innings. 123456789 C. F. & 1 10 10 2—4 Old Homesteads 10001013 0—6 Summary: Stolen bases — Spencer, Eick- off, 2; Grayson. Three-base hits — Derby, Robson. Struck out — ^By Shaw, 12; by Ewing, 11. Bases on balls — Off Shaw, 2. Hit by pitched ball — By Ewing, 1; by Shaw, 3. Passed ball — Groves, 1. Earned runs — C. F. & I., 2; Old Homesteads, 1, Left on bases— C. F. & I., 3; Old Homesteads, 7. Um- pire — Conway. Scorer — Righter. George M. Rounds, the popular baseball be thrown open to the public and will re- main open until Saturday evening, Septem- ber 20. It will be the grandest exposition of the state's resources ever held in the state, and every one who can possibly do so is advised to attend. Tuesday will be Arkansas Valley day, and the railroads have agreed upon special rates from all points. The round trip fare from Canon City will be but $1.25, from Trinidad $3, and the Santa Fe has promised to run a special train from as far east as Lamar with proportionately low rates. Wednesday will be Denver day, with a 264 CAMP AND PLANT. round trip rate of $3.50 from Denver. The Denver city officials, the Denver Chamber of Commerce, the Denver Real Estate Ex- change, the Festival of Mountain and Plain committee and the Denver Commercial club will unite in an excursion to the fair. Thursday will be Pueblo day, a general holiday in the smelter city. Friday will be Children's day, and chil- dren accompanied by their parents will be admitted without charge. Saturday will be Bessemer day, and the employes of the immense plant of the Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company will be in at- tendance in full force. Special programmes for each day. Best horses in the West entered in the races. In the cowboy races there are horses entered from all parts of Colorado and Kansas. Ex- citing broncho busting, live stock shows, fruit exhibits, mineral displays, fancy work, in fact every resource of the state. Be there and see for yourself. ROUSE. Superintendent M. T. Brennon was at Walsenburg the first part of the week. Miss Lilis of Walsenburg has been the guest of her sister, Mrs, M. T. Brennon. Dr. Chapman was called to Aguilar last week to consult with Drs. Roberts and Mar- shall. H. J. Wilson of Pueblo was here last week in the interest of the Sociological De- partment. Mrs. Landers of Denver arrived last Fri- day and on Monday assumed her duties as kindergarten teacher. W. L. Patchen and Charles R. Irwin were at Pueblo last week, invoicing goods for the Colorado Cupply Company store. Mrs. Ahlquist and son of Beatrice, Neb., are the guests of Dr. and Mrs. Ahlquist at Pryor. School opened Monday, September 8, at Pryor, with Miss Parrot, a graduate of the State Normal, in charge. The large boilers for the pumping plant are now in place, and the plant Is almost completed. It is expected to be pumping water out of the flooded mine soon. Mr. and Mrs. Little and family, who have been residents of Rouse since last March, will leave shortly for their old ^ome at Scranton, Kan., where they will reside in the future. Mrs. J. J. Porter and daughter, Miss Adelle, delightfully entertained a company of ladies at their home Wednesday after- noon. A delicious luncheon was an enjoy- able feature. Mr. and Mrs. L. D. Owens of Bedford, Ind., came August 28 from Pueblo, where they spent the summer. Mr Owens Is a graduate of the Indiana State Normal, and has charge of the Rouse schools for the coming year He is assisted by Miss Adelle Porter and Mrs. Landers. SOPRIS. Camp Physician J. B. Lowery returned from his eastern trip September 5. He re- ports an enjoyable time. His patients and friends are all rejoiced at his safe return. A winsome, wee lassie arrived at the home of Mr. and Mrs. B. Lloyd on September 4. We hope she will live to be the sunshine of that home for many years. "Bert" took a day off to make his friends acquainted with the best brand of cigars. The Mesdames Jolly and Sherman were Trinidad callers at Sopris Hotel one day last week. The school year opened September 2 with Mr. Smithers as principal, Miss Mollie Hon- chens intermediate and Miss Vaughn as pri- mary teacher. Mr. M. W. Rodman, "a gentleman of the old school," who has been visiting his son "Al," left for his home in Kansas City Sep- tember 5. At the depot in Trinidad, or while boarding his train, he was robbed of $25 in money. Three suspicious looking characters were hanging around at the time, and doubt- less were the thieves. No arrests were made. D. P. A Case of Necessity. "My son," said the parson to a small boy who was digging in a back lot, "don't you know that it is a sin to dig on the Sabbath, except in case of necessity?" "Yes, sir," replied the youngster. "Then why don't you stop it?" asked the good man. " 'Cause this is a case of necessity," re- plied the young philosopher. "A feller can't fish without bait." — Chicago Daily News. CAMP AND PLANT. 265 ANOTHER CONGLOMERATE. This Time on the C. F. and \. Office Force of Denver. A Guy who was not so Wright that he might not have been Writer, nevertheless a Goodfellow and Welborn, managed to get the Price to take a Young Bell out Rowen. She happened to be a trifle hard of Hearon and thought this Gehman was Lyon to her when he tried to Hooker affections. She became Wylie and led him a merry Chase, exhorting his to Be-a-man and quoting a passage from Hosea. He could not Land her with all his Sterling qualities, which were minus the Hall mark. But he said he would Waite. He evidently had the swelled Head with a sprinkling of Moss in his skylight, and his name became as Clay. Quoth he: "A Larkin the hand is worth two in the Bush, but I guess I haven't got McCue." Pupils of the School at Coalbasin, Miss Josephine Macbeth, Teacher, and Dr. W. E. Ashby, Resident Surgeon, March, 1902. 266 CAMP AND PLANT. D Dream and IVeality. HE great square was thronged with busy people; little groups gathered and dispersed again without appar- ent reason or order; a murmur of confused sounds arose, some musical and many dis- cordant; the noise of many kinds of work rose and fell with rythmic movement, in a unison which was without melody, but not without dignity and power; the dust raised on the highways by many approaching feet hung over the place, and the smoke of great chimneys obscured the heavens; tumult, dissonance, toil and weariness pervaded the place. Through the crowd an eager boy was try- ing to make his way. He had come from quiet places, sweet with the breath of flow- ers; from the radiancy of soft skies, whence every night benignant stars had lighted his musings; from great dreams which moved across his mind as the clouds drifted across the heavens, vague and powerless, but full of fertility; from visions which were more beautiful than the world he saw about him, but not different from it — sub- lime fulfillments of visible and audible promises of perfection, dim completions of realities. Out of the quiet valley in which the boy had played and shouted and taken the world into his heart, youth had led him up long and steep ascents to a great height, over which the sky seemed to bend, and from which far-stretching landscapes and a great city were visible; and there, in the breadth and clearness of his vision, the boy had come to himself and knew that the dreams which had encompassed his childhood were the foreshadowings of the truth he was to find and to impart, the beauty he was to see and to set anew in some fresh and appeal- ing form; for a man cannot reveal the truth until he has found it, nor make beauty flash again on many eyes until he has looked into its soul, not as it floats, serene, ineffable, and flawless in some distant heaven, but as it shines through the sub- stance and shape of realities. And so, led by his genius, the boy had come down from the heights Into the mar- ket-place, for truth's sake and beauty's sake, and wandered about like a lost spirit, op- pressed and bewildered by the tumult and disorder. The discords smote him like blows; the dust and smoke blinded him; the upheaval and contention and ugliness pierced him like arrows. He shrank from the touch of the gross and palpable imper- fection about him; his spirit cried out for the peace and serenity, the vision and beau- ty, of the valley where he had shouted in the joy of childhood, and the heights where he had seen the things that were to be. Presently, as he wandered, with inflnite homesickness in his heart, he began to discern here and there touches of beauty, hints of loveliness, foregleams of perfection. And as his soul fastened upon these frag- mentary glimpses of the world which lay in his memory, remote and inaccessible, a new note became audible in the tumult, a new meaning seemed to flash for a second over the vast, tumultous disorder — a note prelusive and prophetic, a meaning born of some vast purpose slowly and mysteriously being wrought out with men and tools; with iron, clay and wood; with toil and strife and agony; with love and sorrow and life and death. As he caught this deeper meaning, borne in upon his spirit by the sighs and sobs and groans of men and women in that great multitude, his vision grew clearer and deeper, and he saw everywhere the signs and sorrows and joy of the work which every man does not only with his hands, but with his soul; and slowly, through the dust and turmoil and smoke, he discerned the meaning of it all; the pass- ing of truth into life, the birth of beauty, through anguish and sorrow, into visible form. Then he understood that the perfection he had once looked upon, and which lay in- violate in his soul, had been wrought by Another; that it lay outside and apart from him, and he had no place or share in its shaping. And so there came to him the dis- covery which comes to all lovers and work- ers of the good and the beautiful, to the creators whom men call artists, that the beauty in his memory was but a vision of delight until he made it real with his own hands in spirit or flesh or stone or wood. And the noisy place became still to him; and the crudity seemed about to take on noble shapes; and on the faces of his sor- rowing, toiling fellow workers, he saw the CAMP AND PLANT. 27J con piglio risoluto, del frastuono insolito, che lo disturbava nei suoi studi. Questa volta forte del rispetto fu la pau- ra; e Inigo, a un cenno degli altri che lo Invitavano a parlare, manifestd la causa del generale turbamento, e chiese conto all' am- miraglio del singolare fenomeno. Egll che sapeva tante cose (dlceva Inigo con mal celata ironla), spiegarse ora in che monde si trovavano, e che novitS, era quella, e che cosa rimaneva a loro ia fare, a quali sper- anze attaccarsi, se la bussola perdendo ogni sua virtu li lasciava senza guida fra quelle maledette solitudini d' un Oceano senza con- fini. Un momento solo di esitazione avrebbe potuto esser fatale per Colombo: se egli avesse perduto anche per pochi istanti 11 prestigio che era sicuro di esercitare sulle ciurme, che cosa sarebbe avvenuto flno da quella notte di lui, della sua autorita? Egli, sorridendo, cosi prese a dire, pronto come un uomo che si fosse gi^ preparato a una possibile e imbarazzante domanda: — Ma figliuoli miei, il fenomeno che tanto vi turba, e uno dei piu naturali che si pos- sono immaginare. Vi hanno insegnato, e avete sempre creduto che 1' ago magnetico debba guardare costantemente la stella po- lare; e la cosa scientificamente e verissima. Ma dovete anche sapere un' altra cosa, e questa § che la stella polare non sta sempre fissa al medesimo punto. Come ogni altro corpo celeste, essa ha i suoi cangiamenti, ha le sue rivoluzioni che la fanno girare at- torno a quel punto dove poi sempre ritorna. L' ago magnetico non puo tener conto dei viaggi che fa la stella polare: esso si con- tenta di guardar sempre a quel punto, che ^ come r occhiaia, dove 1' occhio deve ne- cessariamente tornare a incastrarsi, e 1' occhio luminoso 6 appunto la stella, che dal posto dove noi siamo ora, si capisce che deve essere in uno dei suoi period! di rivolu- zione. Non vi par chiara questa spiega- zione? E gente esperta come voi siete, vi perdete d' animo per cosi poco? Le leggi che governano il mondo sono una fitta rete di misteri; e se io vi posso assicurare che la Stella polare non sta fissa al medesimo punto, non pretendo con questo di saperne dire il perch§. Quante cose noi vediamo che ci pare succedano in un dato modo, e invece succedono in un altro! Insegna la scienza che il sole gira attorno alia terra, e che la terra sta immobile sul proprio asse: ma potremmo noi giurare che le cose stan- no precisamente cosi? Intanto, quando noi saremo giunti al termine del nostro viag- gio, avremo provato al mondo non esser vero che la terra 6 come una piattaforma sotto alia quale c' 6 il vuoto, ma esser vero, veris- simo, provato coi fatti, che la terra 6 ro- tonda, e che si pu6 passare da una parte air altra, da un mondo in un altro mondo, senza necessity di camminar capovolti, e di avere i piedi voltati in su verso il cielo come i giocolieri che avrete visti sulle piazze del- le vostre citta .... Animo dunque mettete in calma i vostri spiriti, e prestate fede a chi ne sa pii di voi. Questa convincente familiarita del gran capitano disarmd anche i pift riottosi, e tutti dovettero convenire che la spiegazione era plausibile: tanto piil che nessun altro fe- nomeno singolare appariva. Cosi anche quella notte passd tranqualla. Di mano in mano gli audaci navigator! procedevano nel loro cammino, il mare e 11 cielo pareva gl' invitassero alia speranza. Non un colpo screanzato di vento, dal giorno che aveva no abbandonata la Gomera: non una nuvola nel cielo, all' infuori di quelle dorate strisce diafane che apparivano tal- volta neir ora del tramonto, come squame luminose di giganteschi pesci. Una rondin- ella era stata vista fin dal giorno 14 posarsi sopra un albero della nave, e 1' immagina- zione esaltata della ciurma si figurd che 11 piccolo uccello guardasse attonito la nave, come qualche cosa d' insolito da lui non veduta prima d' allora, e supposero non do- ver essere lontana la terra, se un cosi de- bole volatile s' era trovato spesso In mezzo al mare. Altro segno, ritenuto sicuro: la grande mitezza, la straordinaria tranquillity della temperatura. Riferisce uno degli storici che pote leggere il giornale di Colombo, come egli pure insistette assai su quella deliziosa temperatura, paragonando il puro ed olez- zante mattino che vi si godeva a quello del mese di aprile in Andalusia, si che a lui pareva non vi mancasse, a rendere intera r illusione, se non il canto dell' usignolo. Ed ecco che agli stupiti marinai, dissipate quel dubbio del deviamento dell' ago mag- netico, apparvero alia mattina, sulla super- ficie delle acque, grand! estensioni di erba verdissima, che transformavano il mare in 272 CAMP AND PLANT. Three Comrades of Coalbasin. una smisurata ondegglante prateria mossa dal vento. Alcune di quelle erbe erano gi- alle e disseccate, ma il piu gran numero serbavano tale freschezza quasi che da poco fossero state divelte dal suolo. Come non sospettare vicina la terra? come almeno non credere che dovesse es- servi in prossimita un' isola? Pareva fon- data la congettura, ma le navi non trova- vano nulla sul loro cammino. Circa tre secoli dopo, a non molta distanza dal luogo ove Colombo veleggiava in quel giorno, che era il 18 settembre, furono scoperti alcuni scogli bassissimi che non meritano neppure il nome d' isola, e dai quali appunto, in certe stagioni dell' anno, si stacca grande quan- tity di erbe, come le videro i compagni di Colombo. Tirarono su a bordo i marinai grandi fas- ci di quelle erbe stillanti, e vi trovarono impigliato un granchio ancora vivo. Per la pratica che avevano di queste cose, senten- ziarono che la terra non dovesse essere dis- tante piii di ottanta leghe perchS i granchi di mare non si allontanano mai fino a quel punto. E non basta: una vera processione di tonni venne a diguazzare, quasi a far festa, attorno alle navi. Fu assaggiata 1' acqua, e parve a tutti molto meno amara che alle Canarie: si respirava 1' aria a pieni polmoni, e ognuno era d' accordo a trovarla pill tepida ogni giorno di piu, e quasi im- pregnata d' ignoti profumi, che il vento trasportava di certo dalle felici plaghe ora- mai non pitl remote. I marinai trepidavano: un' insolita allegrezza era diffusa sui ponti: ciascuno attendeva con piii ardore alle man- ovre di bordo; parendo a tutti che con quan- ta maggior precisione si facesse il servizio, e tanto piii presto, troverebbero la desider- ata meta. (Continua.) To the Gibson Girl. ("La Belle Dame Sans Merci.") O fair and tall divinity! Imperious queen of liquid air! When wilt thou cease to freeze mankind With arctic stare? Hast ever had a suitor smart Whom thou couldst thoroughly approve? And art thou not a bit inclined To tread a groove? A touch of petulance dispels The charm of a patrician head, Provincial boredom ill becomes A thoroughbred. O deign to give one human smile. In undramatic attitude. One glance of toleration, just As interlude. — G. W. Adams in Boston Transcript. The passions are defects or excellences only in excess. — Goethe. Three Chums of Coalbasin — Tommy, Margie and Bronty. Volume II SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1902 Number 12 PUEBLO'S SCHOOL GARDENS Interesting Outdoor Nature >V orR in Con- nection ^vitH the Summer Kindergartens FLOWERS AND VEGETABLES CULTIVATED BY LITTLE TOTS MOST OP WHOM ARE CHILDREN OP EMPLOYES OP THE GREAT MINNEQUA STEEL AND IRON WORKS OP THE COLORADO PUEL AND IRON COMPANY — THE WORK IN DETAIL AT EACH OP THE THREE KINDERGARTENS — A SUGGESTION TO SOME OP OUR CAMPS, "Fashioned as they were to meet the wants of a bygone condition of society, our educational systems have liad too much to do witli books and too little to do with things."— r/iomas H. Huxley. N Camp and Plant for June 28, 1902, Volume I, Number 29, the history of the public school garden movement was reviewed, and several noteworthy examples n of successful gardens, especially those at Poss- neck, Thuringia and at Dayton, Ohio, were de- scribed somewhat at length. At that time the promise was made to describe in detail A V 1 W-' ' ^1 J. ''i^\ \\ ' /^ \ F y n ' '.-»v I.' :' ■ ' ' ^^H - > m^iM r A ^M 1^ \, ^ W- mmm H^V . ^^^^ l^BK^ ff -, - ]^ ^ m 40m- ^f'^'^v i V- ^^^ X -"^ l^Bi^^ I ' .-■-■* '■''^'^%- m / r WT^ m i. " #f _ i r-^j 1 li-im ^^^ E- \ ' w^. %^ 1 J -n ^S *>j _ L M - .^,^_— li ^ ^^^■^ ■HH ■t Superintendent J. F. Keating of Pueblo Schools, Miss Carlile and Children of Besse- mer Summer Kindergarten in their garden. 274 PUEBLO'S SCHOOL GARDENS. "The Child's tutor is nature and lier tuition begins from the moment tliat the child's senses are open to the impressions of the surrounding world." — Pestuluzzi. the school gardens which form an important and most successful part of the summer kin- dergarten system of the public schools of Pueblo, where the children of thousands of steel workers, employes of the great Minne- qua plant, receive their first instruction. In the fall of 1899 the idea of having a con- tinuous session from April to December, except for a week's recess the last of Au- gust, of the free public kindergartens, with the long vacation during January, February and March, occurred to Professor J. F. Keat- ing, superintendent of the schools of District 20, Pueblo, and to Dr. R. W. Corwin, Chair- man of the board of directors, who is also superintendent of the Sociological Depart- ment of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany. The scheme met with the approval of the other members of the board of educa- tion, and accordingly kindergartens were opened at three schools in the spring of 1900. Special stress was laid upon nature study based upon the work in the gardens, which from the first was made to occupy the greater part of the little tots' time. This school garden work, although not quite new in Germany and Russia, where the movement dates from 1871, or even in the Eastern and Middle states of America, where success- ful experiments have been carried on for some years, was an entire novelty in the far West. Many of those familiar with regular kindergarten work shook their heads and prophesied failure. But Superintendent K^eating, Dr. Corwin and the board, as a cor- ollary to the well known theory of writers on education from Rousseau to Froebel, that a study of nature is the best means of awaken- ing in children the power of keen and ac- curate observation, of visualization and of discrimination, reached the conclusion that those seasons during which nature is most active are best adapted to kindergarten Ccrona Kindergarten Children Playing London Bridge in Corona Park, adjoining school Buildinj, Pueblo. PUEBLO'S SCHOOL GARDENS, 275 "It is of the utmost importance that children should acquire the habit of cultivating a plat of ground long before the school life begins. Nowhere as in the vegetable world can his actions be so clearly placed by him, entering in as a link in tlie chain of cause and effect."— -Froedei. ing cans, the only cost of the gardens was the trifling expenditure for seeds. General Plan of the Work. Kindergartens are situated at the Corona, at the Bessemer and at the Wildeboor build- ings, in three widely separated parts of the district. In each case a part of the school yard or an adjoining plot of ground is set apart for the garden. In this cereals, flow- ers and vegetables are planted by the chil- dren in the spring, worked during the sum- mer and harvested in the fall. The general plan is to have half of the ground cultivated in common and to divide the other portion into plots on which each child is encouraged to exercise as far as possible, his own taste and ingenuity. The five sessions during the week run from 9 o'clock until 11:30, of which period the first hour and a half is generally devoted to garden work, the later hour, when it grows too warm in the sun for comfort, be- ing devoted to the more conventional forms Studying Nature in the Wildeboor o*" kindergarten work— to cutting and fold- Summer Kindergarten. '^S- to sewing, to weaving, to "gift work," to singing and playing games and to draw- training. Clearly the spring, summer and autumn are the parts of the year when the best results are to be looked for. This a priori conclusion was supported by two con- clusions of expediency — that between April and December it is easier for children be- tween four and eleven years of age to go considerable distances than it is during in- clement winter; and furthermore that in the summer, when the little bodies are allowed to run practically without restraint, it is most difficult to watch the training of these young minds, which are apt to run wild also. It was, then, for both theoretical and practical reasons that Mr. Keating, Dr. Cor- win and the board of education decided to have "summer kindergartens" in which the "work" should be largely in the form of directed play and of nature studies based upon gardens planted and worked by the children. Cost. Owners of property adjoining the schools gave the use of their land rent free. The Pueblo Water Company generously furnished gratis all the water necessary for irrigation. Consequently, aside from the salaries of the three teachers and as many assistants, and the cost of the little rakes, hoes and water- "Oh, See My Radishes!" Pueblo Summer Kindergartens. 276 PUEBLO'S SCHOOL GARDENS. ing and painting. One of the changes made during the past year has been in the increase in the amount of time spent by the children in copying — in paper cuttings, in drawings and in clay models — the forms of plants, vegetables or flowers, of birds or bugs seen in the garden, or of the little hoes, rakes, shovels and watering can with which each child is provided by the district, and in fash- ioning all sorts of things from raffia, or straw fiber. The surprising accuracy with which these forms are reproduced, oftentimes en- tirely from memory, by the little folks, after a few months' training in the kindergarten, is a sufficient testimonial to the benefit de- rived from the work. After reproducing the forms, the children are encouraged to copy the natural tints in water colors. It is most the average attendance throughout the summer term. although some thirty- seven have been on the rolls and, until the Fourth of July, almost thirty-five attended regularly. This falling off in attendance has been due to the fact that this school, unlike the two others, is situated in a section of the city the residents of which, in nearly all cases, go away for some time during the heated term. The Corona School has a pe- culiar advantage over the other two in that it adjoins beautiful little Corona Park, in which the children play games and study nature on the grass under the trees, and are not compelled to go indoors when it becomes too warm for work in the garden. Owing to these peculiarly favorable circum- stances special attention has been paid by Planting and Watering the Gardens. Pueblo Summer Kindergartens. interesting to see how some of the little pu- pils excel in copying the forms and others in reproducing the colors of the objects, and how, in a given child, the senses of form and color are rapidly developed, as shown by a comparison of his later with his earlier work. Details of School Work. The work of the different schools, while following the general lines indicated, varies somewhat in detail. Corona School. The children at the Corona School, 54 Block M, Corona Park on the Mesa, are in charge of Miss Lulu M. Mitchell, assisted by Miss Jeanne Williamson and Miss Lil- lie Sherman. Thirty children has been Miss Mitchell to color work, although the other forms of kindergarten work have not been neglected. The garden has been a great success each of the three years. Many dollars' worth of vegetables have been sold and the proceeds will be devoted to decora- tions for the kindergarten rooms. Much of the radishes, beans, turnips and lettuce has been eaten by the children in lunches. Bessemer Building. While not having the advantages of a park near at hand, the children at the Bes- semer building, corner Mesa and Spruce streets, in Bessemer, have been provided by Miss Carrie Carlile and Miss Mary William- son, their teachers, and by the school board, with a sand pile on that side of the building PUEBLO'S SCHOOL GARDENS. 277 which is shady in the mornings, and with a fine portable swing. The room at the Bes- semer School, however, is larger than those at the other buildings, and so the indoor work is not at all irksome. The garden, which last year suffered greatly from hordes of grasshoppers, enjoys the distinction this year, as it did in 1900. of being the best in the district. Besides a luxuriant growth of flowers, the crop of radishes, lettuce, tur- nips, beets, carrots, squashes and pumpkins is unusually large this year. The children already have enjoyed numerous lunches, and although all of the harvest has not yet been gathered, considerable produce has been sold to parents of the children, the pro- ceeds more than paying for all seeds, be- year, has gradually increased to such sur- prising proportions that two sessions have been necessary. The first year less than thirty were enrolled, last summer forty were down on the books; but this year 100 chil- dren are enrolled, and a large proportion of these attend regularly. The younger chil- dren have been attending the morning ses- sion, from 9 to 11:30; the older of the little tots, the afternoon session, from 1 to 3:30. As soon as the new Minnequa school build- ing is completed a fourth kindergarten will be established there, thus relieving the con- gestion at the Bessemer building. Wildeboor School. Many of the pupils at the Wildeboor School. which is situated in the grove, on C street, ^^ iiinHHS MM S^^Bb^^^^^^^^Bb ^'. ■« HIHiHIHV'i jK^ ■ppi^ iJl '* • JHfl i2^iHt^M^^^B^ ]i5fl ^^wri-. l^jflL j!f ''3lr . ^ l^lHp M^^^H H^^^ MM hH^^^I Children of Corona Summer Kindergarten, Pueblo, Laying Out and Planting their Gardens. sides leaving a couple of dollars, which will be spent on pictures for decorating the kin- dergarten room. The interest among parents of the children, most of whom are employes of the steel works, has greatly increased and the support given the kindergarten by mothers has been enthusiastic, and their interest has been shown by their attending mothers' meetings and by frequent calls at the school. The men, when taking a day off. have often visited the kindergarten, and shown the keenest enthusiasm for the "work" in which their children were en- gaged. The attendance, which was small the first between Park and Palm, are unable to speak English for two or three months after being taken on the rolls, and almost none are able to talk anything but German, Slavonic, Span- ish or Italian, when first they come under the care of Miss Mabel Patton and Miss Mabel dtorer. Some thirty children have been in attendance this year. The great difficulty in getting the children at this school is not suspicion on the part of the parents, most of whom are employed either at the Minnequa Works or at the smelters, but an inability on the part of the people to understand what the teachers tell them about the kindergarten. When they finally learn the nature of the work they seem most 278 PUEBLO'S SCHOOL GARDENS. enthusiastic, although they are reluctant to visit the school, because of inability to un- derstand English. Most wisely the teachers have directed their efforts at this school along patriotic lines, and have spent a great deal of time in the inculcation of a spirit of love of country. The children have shown most surprising interest in the history of America and in the deeds of her great men, which the teachers have presented in a simple form. Exercises appropriate to the day have been held on each Fourth of July, when the children wore sashes and red, white and blue caps, which they made them- display. Each of the three schools men- tioned exhibited examples of gift work, of cutting and folding, of drawing, of painting, of modeling and painting clay, besides a beautiful array of flowers and vegetables, which might well have been granted space and blue ribbons in the horticultural depart- ment. Each of the three kindergartens also made exhibits of special work, on which the children have been working at odd times and during the hours when it was too warm for work in the gardens. The Corona School exhibited an African and a Mexican village. The former was made of raffia and In the Menagerie, Pueblo Summer Kindergarten. selves, and when those who did best in the work were rewarded by being knighted with a revolutionary sword, the history of which was explained to them. As in all the schools, the garden work has been, however, the chief feature of the summer months. Especial attention has been given to flowers. The plot of ground is surrounded by a high board fence, and has not suffered from heat or from insect pests. Exhibit at the Colorado State Fair. At the Colorado State Fair, which was held in Pueblo September 16 to 20, the sum- mer kindergartens made a most creditable straw fibre, the huts and compound of a typi- cal native settlement in the heart of the Dark Continent being accurately repro- duced, even to one or two of the lightly clad natives. The Mexican village with its plaza, church, adobe houses, corral, baking ovens, its water jars and burros, its men. women and children all were carefully and beauti- fully made by the children under the care- ful direction of Miss Mitchell and her as- sistants. The children got their inspiration for this Mexican village on a trip to "Mex- ico", a settlement of steel workers and smel- ter laborers on the outskirts of Pueblo. PUEBLO'S SCHOOL GARDENS. 279 A typical Colorado ranch yard was what the little ones of the Bessemer School sought to reproduce in raffia, in kindergarten blocks and sticks and in clay and paper. That they succeeded marvelously well, everyone agreed, who saw the miniature barn and stable, the farming implements, the hay stack, the corral and pig sty, the outbuild- ings, the windmill, the domestic fowls and animals. A model dwelling of six rooms was made for the fair by the Wildeboor children. This included a kitchen, a dining room, a bed- room, a sitting room, and two attic bed- rooms. Care was taken to make the furnish- ings of this Lilliputian house as tasteful as possible so that, like the model dwelling at Redstone, it might be suggestive not only to children, but to parents. These exhibits excited no little favorable comment from among visitors, and the kindergarten teachers and the Board of Education received no little praise for the good work which they are doing. The Outlook. Summer kindergartens with garden work in connection have indeed come to stay in Pueblo. What was at first considered an experiment, the success of which many con- servative people doubted, has become es- ■ ■ ,-* V. . •? 1 ' » " . Part of the Harvest, Pueblo Summer Kinder- garten. Children of the Wildeboor Summer Kinder- garten, Pueblo, Ready for the Exer- cises on Independence Day. tablished as a regular part of the school system of Pueblo. Changes in details of the original plan have, of course, been found expedient. Next season, for example, the short recess which this year lasted for but ten days, from August 23 to September 2, will probably be extended throughout the month of August, the weather during that month being almost too hot for the children to work in the sun for very long each day. During this period, however, the gardens will be cared for by the janitors of the build- * Let your child plant his own garden, * * gather his own harvest of fruit and * * flowers, learn through his own small * * experience something of the influence * * of sun, dew and rain, and gain thereby * * a remote presentiment of the recipro- * * cal energies of nature, and a reverent * * feeling for the divine life and law ex- * * pressed in nature. — Froebel. * ings. When the children return, early in September, they will harvest the crops which they planted and started in the spring and early summer. The general plan, however, will not be changed, and nature study with out-door gardens as a basis, will continue to be the leading fea- ture of Pueblo's summer kindergartens. A Suggestion. The success of Pueblo's school gardens 280 PUEBLO'S SCHDOL GARDENS. may serve as a suggestion to teachers and parents in some of the camps of The Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company. In many of the camps, to be sure, there is, un- fortunately, such a shortage of water that the expenditure of any of the precious fluid for irrigation of gardens would be out of the question. In some camps where water is plentiful, Redstone and Madrid, for example, gardens already are in operation. There are still other camps, however, where the water supply is bountiful, where the soil is rich and where a little well directed work by girls and boys, on whose hands time, during vacation, often hangs heavy, would produce wonderful results, not only in beautiful crops of flowers and vegetables, but in greater knowledge and love of nature. things, horticulture in all its branches to the teachers of rural schools." "Manual la- bor, such as gardening, light cabinet-mak- ing, and turning, promotes the boy's physi- cal development." — (Sailer.) "The advan- tages of even the smallest garden are so many and so great that no school should be without one." — (Demeter.) "A school without a garden is like a stag without water." — (Dr. Georgens.) "School gardens are a foimdation for the knowledge of na- ture and its consequent pleasure, and an excellent means of training." — (Professor Schwab.) "Not trees, shrubs, herbs, and grasses alone are what we offer the chil- dren in the school garden, but love of na- ture, labor and home." — (F. Langauer.) "The question of school gardens in the de- Some Steel Workers' Children; The Wildeboor Kindergarten, Pueblo. Opinions of Foreign Educators. Below are some opinions by prominent European educators, many of whom at present maintain a favorable opinion of school gardens and advocate their establishment. M. Vierthaler says: "The example of the ancient Persians de- serves to be imitated. With them a knowl- edge of agriculture and horticulture was required by law of the King's as well as of the slave's son." Kellner, chool councillor in Treves, says: "I recommend, above all velopment of public schools is gaining in importance every day." — (Maresch.) "No public school should be without a garden; every community that resolves to connect a garden with its school is laying up cap- ital whose interest it enjoys in the pros- perity of its future members." — (Jablonzy.) "The hour must and will come when the eyes, until now struck with blindness, shall be opened and see that the institution of school gardens has become the greatest blessing for the people." — (Sprenger.) MISCELLANEOUS. 28J School Gardens. Do you wonder at the perplexity of the little girl who, upon being asked by her teacher, "How is it, my dear, that you do not undestand this simple thing?" replied, with a perplexed look, "I do not know, in- deed, but I sometimes think that I have so many things to learn that I have not time to understand." Contrast with this the spirit of the boy mentioned in the following paragraph, from an article on School Gardens, by Dick J. Crosby, of the United States Department of Agriculture, in The Outlook, August 2: In a school garden properly condlicted children become so deeply interested in ac- complishing a certain, definite, near, and understandable result — the raising of flow- ers and vegetables — that they learn to work hard without being conscious of efCort. That is a matter of the very highest importance in educating children. I said to a boy, who is one of the most Indefatigable workers I ever saw, "Why, you are the hardest work- ing boy I know." "Yes,," he said, "I know It; but it's fun, just the same." For a Line is Formed by a Moving Point. This account of a conversation between an oflScer and a private comes from the Phil- ippines. An ofBcer of the day, meeting a sentinel on outpost paused to ask him if he knew his orders. "Yes, sir," said the sen- tinel. "Suppose you were rushed by 100 bo- lomen, what would you do?" "Form a line, sir," replied the sentinel. "What! One man form a line?" "Yes, sir; I'd form a beeline for camp." But Every Day Will Be Sunday By and By. "Gone over to the Seventh Day Advent- ists, have you? What Is your reason for that?" "Well, it gives me two Sabbaths In the week, and you can't have too much of a good thing." — Chicago Tribune. The pleasantest society is when the mem- bers of it have an easy and natural respect for one another. — Goethe. La Bruyre — The happlset woman Is the busiest. But It Is by attending to her own, not some one else's, business that she achieves results. A Matter of Length. The Chinaman had refused to give up the washing. "But," said the man who had called for It, this is the right check, isn't it?" "Check all light," answered the China- man, blowing a mouthful of spray over the towels he was rolling. "Man all long. Check says 'ugly little man.' You ugly big man." Steei Filings. Duty If a Cross is never without its Crown. Hard work today owns more land than all the dukedoms in Europe. The raindrop measures Its gifts by the size of our pails. It is one thing to put a hoe through a thistle, but It is another to put a spade at its root. The days to come as in the days gone by, will still have six foot of devil to down. The stringency that follows extravagance, is colic after a carouse. When millions fall to satisfy, can compe- tency secure content? Better a red herring with thanks, than a rump of beef with a growl. No matter how costly the chum, the but- ter will always be in keeping with the milk. The whiskers of Time will be much whiter before the whistling for a dollar will fetch it. You may educate a pig, but he Is neVer anything else but pork. The man of but one idea never looks for another — did you ever hear of an oyster changing his residence? It is a waste of time to offer ladders to squirrels. Sin against yourself, and the hell thereof is found under your own ribs. So long as the cabbage lives, the cater- pillar gets fat.— Wor Dow, in The Age of Steel. Need for Missionaries at Home. Henry Wallace Phillips, author of "Red Saunders," was once a feeder in a stamp mill in the Black Hills mining country. Speaking of some of the people In that camp, Mr. Phillips says: "My mother asked one small boy If he knew what God was and he replied, 'Yes ma'am — a cuss word,' and seemed surprised that a lady should use such language. But as long as we have missionaries In China, what's the odds?" 282 EMERGENCY TREATMENT. (j^^pltal^upmuyjnformafion IJlLML._-t., ,1' — fvt EMERGENCY TREATMENT VIII. THE BLOOD AND CIRCULATORY ORGANS. Let us examine a drop of blood under the microscope. We see most prominently thou- sands of round, straw-colored bodies float- ing about. Measure them, and you are aston- ished that it will take 3,500 of them in a straight line to cover an inch of space. Ex- amine them again, and you will notice that their centers appear lighter. Put them on their edges and they appear disk-shaped. Red Blood Corpuscles. We have seen but a few of the fifty bil- lion red blood corpuscles every grown per- son possesses. The blood appears red be- cause these straw-colored bodies are so closely crowded together. The oxygen gas in the air we breathe is essential to human life. Cut it off by choking or putting our heads under water, and we die in a few min- utes. Its necessity is due to its uniting with worn out tissues and waste products in our bodies, thus forming certain compounds of Bed Corpuscles Blood Corpuscles. such a nature that they are readily cast off from our bodies. How the Red Corpuscles and Oxygen Combine. Now, each of these red corpuscles we have examined contains a minute quantity of an iron compound called haemoglobin, which has the power of uniting with oxygen and of giving the gas up again. Such is the pur- pose of this gigantic army of the little fel- lows which occupy our blood vessels. As the blood circulates through the lungs each corpuscle takes its minute portion of oxygen from the inhaled air and carries it to some part of the body where it is needed. The gas is then given up and the liberated oxygen unites with the waste products. Each cor- puscle then returns to the lungs through the circulation and brings another load. Thus it continues its duty until it, too, finally wears out and is cast from us as waste. Every movement we make wastes tissue. The faster the movements the greater the waste, and therefore the more oxygen re- quired to unite with this waste. Thus we see why we breathe faster when we run. If the waste is too great excess we become "out of breath" — that is, nature avoids dan- ger by forcing us to halt in our exercise until suflacient oxygen is supplied to care for the waste. Blood Plaques. But we have not finished our microscopic examination of the blood. Occasionally we may see bodies smaller than red corpuscles, but resembling them. These are the blood plaques. Their use is unknown. White Corpuscles and the Work They Do. If we look again we see, perhaps, one to every five hundred red corpuscles, other bodies, somewhat larger, with an irregular darker center containing minute dots. If the blood be fresh these bodies will be found to move. At rest they are round, but when moving they assume all sorts of peculiar EXAMPLE OF BALL AND SOCKET JOINT. 283 Ligamentum teres. The upper line is placed on the -' femoral, the lower on the ischial attach- ment. Cotyloid cartilage. Capsular liga- ment. Reflected fibres of capsule (retina- cula). Reflected fibres of fii capsule. Section Through the Hip Joint, Showing the Cotyloid Ligament, Ligamentum Teres, and Rectinacula. Capsular ligament, cut. Cotyloid ligament. Capsular ligament. Ligamentum teres. Capsular liga- ment. Hip Joint after Dividing the Capsular Ligament and Disarticulating the Femur. Example of the ball and socket joint showing bones, cartilages and ligaments. Refer to Hospital Bureau of Information Emergency Treatment VI. 284 HINTS ON HYGIENE. shapes. These are white corpuscles, or leu- cocytes. They wander everywhere — through the walls of the blood vessels, into the di- gestive tract and so on, ever on the move as though searching for something. And they are. Allow a germ of foreign particle to enter the body and these little fellows search them out and try to devour them. Let us take an extreme instance, and one in which no medical aid has been given. Sup- pose you cut your finger and dirt gets into the wound. The dirt is harmless, but germs carried in with the dirt are not. If they should be of the proper kind they will im- mediately increase with frightful rapidity. But the ever watchful leucocytes hasten to that point and give battle to the invading foes. Millions on each side are killed. Their dead lie side by side. Reinforcements of white corpuscles are rushed forward. Those which cannot get into the midst of the bat- tle throw up breastworks about the seat of the rebellion. Thus we have an abscess formed. The dead form pus. The wall may often be felt as a hardened zone about the seat of trouble. Should the wall give way the invading germs are victorious. But often their victory is turned into defeat by another line of defense thrown up. So the fight pro- gresses until one or the other is victorious. In the one case it means renewal of health, in the other, death. The pain associated with an abscess is due to destruction as well as pressure upon sur- rounding nerves. The chills, headaches and general good-for-nothing feeling from which the patient suffers are caused by poisons which are thrown off by the germs and ab- sorbed by the system. The lencocytes play a most important role in the clotting of blood. The process, how- ever, is too complicated to be explained here. In addition, they have other important uses which will be considered in connection with other organs. The Blood Fluid. The fluid portion of the blood remains to be considered. It is practically the same as the "water" found in a blister. It is of a pale straw color, slightly alkaline, heavier than water, the latter being due principally to the salts it contains. Besides being the ve- hicle by which the corpuscles are carried about, it is the solution which carries the various nutritious products of digestion to the parts where they may be required, and, on the other hand, bring to the skin, kidneys, lungs and bowels those substances which are waste and would do harm if retained within the body. HINTS ON HYGIENE VIII. IMPURITIES IN THE AIR. A curious, and at the same time not so curious, thing, when we consider the wonderful harmony of all nature, is the cycle established between plants and ani- mals. The animals, as we have seen, breathe in oxygen and throw out carbon di- oxide as waste, while in plants the process is reversed — they take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen to the air. Effect of Bad Air. But to return to our original subject. It has been found that in order to preserve the proper functions of the body, the per- centages of oxygen and carbon dioxide must not vary to any extent from the nor- mal. If too much carbon dioxide exists (say 1.5 to 3 parts in 100 of air), headache and drowsiness and even stupor may ensue, and the interchange of gases in the lungs is not complete. If not enough oxygen, the tissues of the body are improperly nour- ished and fail to perform their natural func- tions; the waste products are not oxidized and may give rise to toxic or poisonous ef- fects. The person becomes pale and anaemic and apathetic, and the intellect soon becomes impaired. Have yon never noticed, after sleeping in an ill ventilated room, how dif- ficult it is to concentrate the mind or to do justice to any kind of work for some time afterward? Especially Is this true of those who are used to good ventilation. The brain cells need plenty of oxygen, and if they do not get it, headache and dulness result, and after a time more extensive evils. Watery Vapor in tlie Air. There is always some watery vapor in the air — much more in expired air — that breathed out — than in inspired air — that taken into the lungs. Moist air transmits a great deal more heat to the body than dry air; hence warm air loaded with moisture transmits its heat to the body and causes an oppressive sensation. That is one rea- son why a sultry day is so disagreeable; DOMESTIC SCIENCE— SOCIAL SCIENCE. 285 and also why air which has been breathed by a roomful of people is so obnoxious. A light in the room, such as a lamp or a jet of gas, renders the air impure in about the same degree as a person would, so this also should be taken into consideration in allowing for ventilation. Among foreign materials in the air only a few will be mentioned. Carbon monoxide, which is a gas found about furnaces and open fireplaces as well as in illuminating gas, will cause very pro- found symptoms if breathed in sufficient quantities. It does this by uniting with the red coloring matter of the blood, and thus shutting out the oxygen from this com- bination. Hydrogen sulphide, found about smelters and furnaces, and which has a most dis- agreeable odor, acts in much the same man- ner and may even cause death if breathed in sufficiently concentrated form. Dust, coal dust, stone dust, etc., may set up considerable irritation along the re- spiratory tract, causing catarrh and bron- chitis and often paving the way for more serious trouble. The pollen of grasses, flowers and trees has long been known to produce hay fever in those predisposed to it. The air arising from sewers has been ac- cused of transmitting all sorts of diseases, but, although many of them undoubtedly arise from this source, they are probably not due to the gases evolved, but more likely to the solid particles (which contain germs) which are wafted into the air, either from spray or from the dried material along the sides of the sewer stream. I might mention many other things found in the air which may cause sickness, but those already spoken of should be sufficient to cause one to reflect; and should argue for better ventilation and more of it, in our homes. DOMESTIC science: VII. PREPARATION OF FOOD BEFORE COOKING. In the preparation of all vegetables there is one rule to follow: Wash them thor- oughly before trying even to cook them. If you prepare apples for roasting, always wash them and dry them, then remove the core and bake in a moderate oven, but never try to place an apple in the oven without washing and drying first. Every vegetable to be eaten should be washed in clear water before cooking. In most of our cook books for family use instructions are given In re- gard to cooking or serving certain foods, but they never tell the housewife to wash her vegetables or food before cooking, simply because they think all young or even old people know enough to do so without being told. I once told a pupil to prepare several chickens for chicken broth. I left the room for a moment, and on my return found the pullets in the pot with their feet just stick- ing out under the lid. If the chickens had not been plucked no doubt they would have found a resting place in the pot with their feathers on, and yet this young woman knew perfectly well that she had eaten chicken broth many times, and had seen chickens served without the feet. Whatever article of food we cook should have careful prepara- tion before the final cooking. SOCIAL, SCIENCE VII. HOME DECORATION— INTERIOR. The Sistine Madonna and Leqnardo's Last Judgment, reproductions of which appeared in two preceding issues of Camp and Plant, may be classed among relig- ious subjects, though we do not think par- ticularly of their religious tone when we study them. At least they possess such an element of universality that no creed or form of belief can take exception to their re- ligious significance. In this issue (see pages 286 and 296) we present reproductions, in one of which the religious characteristic is absent. Van Dyke's Baby Stuart. The "Baby Stuart" shows the infant son of Charles I. of England. It was painted by Anthony Van Dyke and is one of the best portraits by one of the world's best portrait painters. It is a quaint, demure little fig- ure, beautiful and gracefully posed. The Angelus, by Millet. Jean Francois Millet was virtually the dis- coverer of the peasant as an art subject. He was peasant born, living and dying at Bar- bizan, in France, sympathizing with the peo- ple about him, and painting them with great poetic force and simplicity. The Angelus is one of his most far-famed pictures. It rep- resents two peasants, who, as the sweet sound of the Angelus bell comes ringing across the field from the little church, call- 286 SOCIAL SCIENCE. Stuart Baby, Child of Charles I. ofEngFand. By Anthony Van Dyke. ing to prayers, reverently bow their heads and silently repeat their Ave Marias. Their rough garb, humble labor and evident pov- erty are depicted with literal, though pa- thetic, truthfulness. Beauty appears here rather as truth than loveliness. For this painting Millet was given $600. In 1888, $100,000 was refused for it. Some Good Pictures. Following is a list of good frescoes and paintings, reproductions of which may safe- ly be recommended for household decora- tion. It is by no means complete or ex- haustive, and is intended simply as a sug- gestive list. The first seven are included among the twelve greatest world-pictures. SOCIAL SCIENCE. 287 "The Sistine Madonna" — Raphael. "The Last Judgment" — Michaelangelo. "The Last Supper" — Leonardo da Vinci. "The Transfiguration" — Raphael. "Holy Night" — Corregglo. "Assumption of the Virgin" — Titian. "Descent from the Cross" — Rubens. "Creation of Man, Sistine Chapel" — Mi- chaelangelo. "Creation of Sun and Moon, Sistine Chap- el" — Michaelangelo. "Holy Family" — Michaelangelo. "Mona Lisa" — Leonardo da Vinci. "Holy Family" — Andrea del Sarto. "Ecce Homo" — Guido Reni. "Dance of Apollo and the Muses" — Ro- mano. "Flight into Egypt" — Murillo. "Reunion of Artists" — Velasquez. "The Anatomy Lecture" — Rembrandt. "Baby Stuart" — ^Van Dyke. "Alone in the World" — Israel. "1807," or "Napoleon at the Battle of Friedland" — Meissonier. "The Gleaners" — Millet, "The Angelus" — Millet. "The Man with the Hoe"— Millet. "Plowing" — Bonheur. "Magdalene" — Hoffman. "Christ in the Temple" — Hoffman. "Shoeing the Horse" — Landseer. "The Parish Clerk" — Gainsborough. TROUBLES. The German Speaks to his Dog. Mine dog, you haf a schnap. You vas only a dog und I'm a man, but I vish I vas you. Effery vay you haf der best of id. Ven you want to go mit der bed in, you shust durns round free dimes und lay down. Ven I go mit der bed in I haf to lock up der blace und vind up der glock und undress mineself, und mine vife vakes up und scolds me; den der baby gries, und I haf to vawk him oop und down; den bime by ven I shust ged to sleeb it is dime to ged oop again. Ven you ged oop you strutch yourself und scrutch a goople of dimes und you are oop. I haf to dress mineself und light der fire und put on der gittle, scrap some vid mine vife al- ready, und den maybe I gits some breakfast. You blay round all day und haf blenty fun. I haf to vork hard all day trying to collect thalers und haf droubles blenty. Ven you die you 'shust lay still. Ven I die I haf to go to hell yet." A Queer Courtship. Here is a conversation between a pair of Berkshire sweethearts, as reported by the Chicago Tribune: "John," quoth she, "why doesn't 'ee say summat?" John reflected. "Cause I ha'n't got nothen' to say," he replied. Again there was silence, and once more it was the woman who took the initiative. "John," she inquired tenderly, "why doesn't 'ee tell ma that thee loves ma?" "Cause I've telled 'ee that afoor," an- swered John, who evidently disapproved of vain repetitions. But the lady was tenacious of her privi- leges and not easily daunted. "John," she asked, for the third time, "why doesn't 'ee gimma a kiss?" The tardy wooer pondered long. "I be gwine to, presen'ly," he said, at length. Surely not a Sailor. The boy had shown such a degree of ig- norance and mental obtuseness, says the Chicago Evening Post, that the teacher was disheartened, and she finally asked, sarcasti- cally: "Do you know whether George Washing- ton was a soldier or a sailor?" "He was a soldier," replied the urchin, promptly. "How do you know that?" she persisted. " 'Cause, I saw a picture of him crossing the Delaware, an' any sailor'd know enough not to stand up in the boat." Good Counsel for a Cynic. "That's good counsel the new preacher gave us," said the deacon. "Which is?" "Love yer neighbor while he sleeps, but watch him while he wakes." — Atlanta Con- stitution. A Limit. She — So you prefer risking your neck riding that awful horse who has thrown you so often, to the society of us girls. He — But, you know, my courage only goes so far. — Life. Whoever indulges long in monologue in the presence of others, without flattering his listeners, provokes ill-will. — Goethe. 288 MINNEQUA WORKS. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY published by the sociological department of The Colobado Fuel and Iron Company AND devoted to NEWS FROM THE MINES AND MILLS LAWRENCE LEWIS, Editor Denver Pueblo offices : Boston Building, Room 720 Minnequa Hospital Entered at the Postoffice at Denver, Colo., as second- class mail matter. SuBSCEiPTioiij Price $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Saturday, September 20, 1902 NOTICE. Subscribers who wish to have Camp and Plant sent to a new address should give their old address, as well as the new. The editor will not guarantee that the change will be made unless both addresses and the subscriber's name in full are given. c js^ NEIVS ITEMS ^ J. R. Case and his gang have been trans- ferred from night to day shift and H. T. Par- sons with his old day gang has taken Case's place on the night shift. Miss A. E. Stanley is back from Califor- nia. She was away on a four weeks' va- cation and says she had a very delightful time. Paul Hargrave and A. S. Clendennin have gone away for their expected trip. They go directly to Seattle, from which place they will take the steamer for San Fran- cisco and the train from there to Los An- geles, and then home. They have plenty of time and will stop to see the surrounding country as they go. During Paul Hargrave's absence, Andy Hogg, a distribution clerk, will take his place and Mrs. Lee will carry Andy Hogg's work in addition to her own. Mrs. E. A. Lloyd, a sister-in-law of Charles Morris, has moved into the old Derby house at 505 Abriendo avenue, on the Mesa. Owing to "A" furnace being closed for lining, pig iron has been growing scarcer every day. This shortage necessitated the closing of the converter and rail mill last week. Furnace "A" is the largest in the plant and while the others have a very large pig capacity, they are not suflacient to keep the converter and rail mill in constant op- eration. The steel and iron cranes are out of repair also and will have to be fixed be- fore operations can be recommenced. James McNey, assistant superintendent at the converter, has gone East for a two weeks' vacation. A. S. Dodge is back at work and aside from a little paleness looks as well as usual. P. G. Hurford, of the time-keeping depart- ment, left last Tuesday for a hunting trip in Wyoming. He will be gone two weeks. Al Lufling had his right foot seriously scalded by steam a few days ago while cleaning a Colorado & Wyoming Railroad locomotive. On September 29 at Bessemer City Hall a benefit dance will be given for Joe Dris- coll and family. The former was perma- nently crippled about nine months ago and is now unable to do any labor. His sympa- thetic friends are responsible for the dance and all are invited to attend. The usual prizes will be offered and all are guaranteed a good time. Because of the shut down at the converter and rail mill all the employes there were paid on the sixteenth. The remainder of the men at the plant were paid off on the nineteenth and twentieth, the regular pay days. The pay roll for August amounted to $265,839.88. The total for the Colorado & Wyoming Ry. (middle division) was ?12,- 270.86. John Stockton is trying to gather up a crowd of college men who will rent a house furnished and keep bachelor apartments. If the plan goes through it will be a decided relief to those in it from the boarding houses of Bessemer. C. F. & I. BASE BALL. 289 Robert Keith has accepted a position as a distribution clerli^. Joe Mahoney took a flying trip to Den- ver a week ago Saturday. R. A. C. F. & I., 7; Capitols (Denver), 0. C. F. & L, 2; Capitols (Denver), 0. The games of last Saturday and Sunday, September 13 and 14, between the Capitol team of Denver and the C. F. & I. were two of the best played this season. The Cap- itol team itself is a much stronger aggre- gation than, the average team in this state, and they were assisted by such pitchers as Funke and Gloze of Cheyenne Indian fame. The games were pitchers' battles pure and simple, with Shaw against Funke, and Lee against Gloze, and were fine exhibitions, but our own team gave perfect support in both games, while the visitors were not so fortunate, which aided materially in shut- ting the visitors out both days. The bat- tery work of Shaw and Rounds was notice- able in the first game, and was considered one of the best exhibitions put up on the grounds this year. The tabulated score of Saturday's game follows: C. F. & I. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Spencer, third base 5 Hahn, center field 2 2 2 Derby, left field 4 110 Robson, short stop 3 10 3 Packard, first base 4 5 Groves, right field 4 110 Mullen, second base 4 2 10 1 Shaw, pitcher 4 1 1 1 3 Rounds, catcher 4 121 Totals 34 7 8 27 6 1 Capitols. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Tullis, center field 4 1 1 2 Chance, first base 4 113 1 Davis, left field 3 1 1 Jones, second base 2 112 Wilmot, short stop 3 16 2 Sullivan, catcher 3 4 2 Hoag, third base 3 3 1 Bloom, right field 3 Funke, pitcher 3 5 Totals 28 3 24 16 6 Score by Innings. 123456789 Capitols 0—0 C. F. &I 20000311 X— 7 Summary: Stolen bases — Hahn, 2; Chance, 2. Base hits — Hahn, Mullen. Three-base hits — Robson, Shaw, Tullis, Jones. Double Plays — Shaw to Packard. Bases on balls — Funke, 3. Hit by pitched ball — Shaw, 1. Struck out — By Shaw, 18; by Funke, 4; Passed balls — Sullivan, 2. Umpire — Harris. Earned Runs— C. F. & I., 2. Lee's work in the Sunday game was a rev- elation to the spectators, since it was the first game he has pitched this season. It certainly bordered on the professional. The perfect team work behind him was in marked contrast to the playing in the game with the Homesteads the preceding week, when had the same game been pljayed as against the Capitols, the defeat for the C. F. & I. on that occasion would have been a victory. Below is the tabulated score for Sunday's game: C. F. & I. ab. r. lb. po. a. e. Spencer, third base 4 112 Hahn, center field 3 110 Derby, left field 3 1 2 Lee, pitcher 3 1 1 Robson, short stop 3 1 1 4 Graham, first base . ." 3 6 Shaw, right field 3 Mullen, second base 3 2 2 Rounds, catcher 2 112 2 Total 27 2 5 26 9 Capitols. ab. r. lb. po. a. e. Tullis, center field 4 2 10 Dudley, first base 4 9 Jones (Gloze), pitcher.... 4 2 3 10 Wilmot, second base 3 1 3 Hoag, third base 3 2 Sullivan, catcher 3 9 1 1 Davis, short stop 3 1 2 Bloom, right field 2 Frazier, left field 3 Totals 29 4 24 9 1 Score by Innings. ' 123456789 Capitols 0-0 C. F. &I 00010100 X— 2 Summary: Stolen bases — Spencer, 2; Tul lis, 4; Jones. 1. Two-base hits — Derby, Rob- son, Jones. Three-base hits — Hahn. Double 290 FIERRO, REDSTONE, ROUSE. In The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company Surgeon's Office, Sunrise, Wyoming, plays — Lee to Spencer; Wilmot to Dudley. Hit by pitched ball — By Lee 1. Struck out — By Lee 12; by Jones 8. Passed ball — Rounds. Left on bases— C. F. & L, 2; Capitols, 3. Earned runs — C. F. & 1., 1. Umpires — Harris and Walker. FIERRO. N. M. W. B. Rosenberger, formerly chemist at Sunrise, Wyoming, has arrived to take the position of clerk at the office. Mr. Hahn, our former clerk, has been transferred to the Denver office. After a two weeks' delay, the Santa Fe finally has succeeded in running trains over the local branch line. The floods this year have been the worst on record, washing out several bridges and doing other damage to the tracks. C. F. B. REDSTONE. The Redstone Club opened very auspi- ciously on Saturday evening, September 6. The enrollment of members was large, and great enthusiasm prevailed. A congratula- tory telegram from J. C. Osgood, then in New York, elicited a hearty round of cheers. The boys participated with evident enjoy- ment in the games of pool, billiards, cards, drafts, and other forms of amusement, and 10 o'clock, the closing hour, came all too soon. Good humor and good behavior pre- vailed; and all voted the club a grand insti- tution. We regret to .note the departure of Max Smigelow from Redstone, he having re- signed his position here. Fred Glenn of the surveying corps at Pla- cita, left for Denver on Friday morning. Glynn Stannard arrived on Friday's train and proceeded immediately to Coalbasin to attend to some engineering work there. The new school is nearing completion. The teachers, Mrs. R. K. Wright and Miss Ira Freeman, returned Saturday, Septem- ber 13. The uniforms for the band and drum corps have arrived, and the boys present a very fine appearance. The band shows much im- provement in music, that is very creditable to their instructor. Professor Jaccoe. A. T. ROUSE. COLO. Mrs. Cregor, of Midway, is quite sick. Dr. Chapman and L. D. Owens were at Pryor Monday evening. A fall of rock at the Primrose mine last Friday afternoon resulted in the death of one man. E. B. White, formerly cashier of the store at this place, has returned from Kansas City where he spent his vacation. The Rouse school is progressing nicely and new pupils are being enrolled all the time. Our reading room opened last Thursday evening with a stock of good books and late periodicals. Mrs. L. D. Owens is in charge. Miss Prendergast of Engle, and little Miss Sherley Lambert have been guests of friends here for a few days. Mrs. M. T. Brennon and Mrs. McGowan entertained friends at the home of the far mer, in a very enjoyable manner, Saturday afternoon of last week. Mrs. Fames and children, who have been visiting the formers parents, Mr. and Mrs. Watson at Pryor, left last week for Denver. Dr. Chapman was called last week to see Mrs. James Smith, who lives about eighteen ROUSE. 291 milps from Rouse. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are quite aged, Mr. Smitli having been a sol- dier in the Mexican war. Mrs. Grabill of Denver, superintendent of the kindergarten work for the Sociological Department of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, spent Monday here in the interest of that work. She is very enthusiastic and we predict great success from her efforts in this line. Mr. Breen, a former superintendent of the Rouse mine, who recently has been travel- ing in Europe, was here last week visiting friends. A small child, named Veatch, was serious- ly injured at Midway last week by the ex- plosion of a dynamite cap. An eye and three Angers are gone as a result. The child has been sent to Denver, where an X-ray machine will be used in locating foreign substances in the boy's flesh. Mrs. J. J. Porter and her sister, Mrs. Wat- son of Pryor, are guests of relatives and friends at Trinidad. Perils of the Eye. A warning, from a trustworthy source, of the danger of looking at a very brilliant light with unshielded eyes, is furnished by the singular experience of a gentleman at Cornell University, who imprudently ob- served the partial eclipse of the sun in May, 1900, without using a shade glass. After- ward, looking across the landscape, he saw a flock of eight or ten red birds flying er- ratically about. Upon examination he found that the sun's rays had formed a crescent- shaped image on the center of the retina of the left eye, the color of the image being green with a narrow red border. The ef- fect is still noticeable, and the use of the left eye for scientific work has had to be abandoned. Cause for Grievance. "When you refused me, you promised al- ways to be my friend, and now you are as cold as an iceberg." "But I didn't think you were going to stop proposing." A good wife and health are a man's best wealth. All I am, or can be, I owe to my angel mother. — Abraham Lincoln. A Few of the Rare Metals. Some people are under the impression that the now fairly familiar whitish metal, platinum, is one of the few substances more expensive than that fascinating yellow ma- terial we spend so great a portion of our lives in hunting. This, however, is not so, even allowing that, bulk for bulk, platinum is hardly less than twice as heavy as gold. At the rate- of $20 per troy ounce, gold is worth nearly $235 a pound, platinum only $100. If, though, you were the fortunate pos- sessor of a lump of platinum equal in bulk to a pound of gold, the silvery-looking bulk would be worth, not $100, but $175, for plat- inum, if not the dearest, is the heaviest thing on earth. Three times as costly and practically as heavy is that wonderful metal iridium, known to the users of gold-nibbed pens as furnishing the intensely hard, noncorrodible silvery points. Pure iridium is priced at $300 per pound, and is so heavy relatively that this weight of it would be in bulk rather larger than half the size of a pound of gold. Yet the so-called "iridium" points of a gold nib are not of pure iridium, but of a natural blend of iridium and another rare metal, osmium. This blend is found in the form of scales — some flattened, some of pin- head shape — in localities where placer gold is got, placer gold being the sort that is ob- tained by washing loose dirt and not by crushing. Of these "iridosmine" scales the pin-head type alone is suitable for pen points, and does not exceed a fifth of the entire yearly find, which may average three and a half to four ounces per ton of gold obtained. Of the pin-head scales 10,000 do not weigh more than an ounce, and are worth $250. Pure iridium is alloyed with platinum to make the closing faces of breechblocks for modern artillery, this compound being the only thing that will stand the corrosion of the gases and the enormous heat — about 4,000 degrees centigrade. Over a thousand rounds have been fired from a trial gun without the vent showing the slightest sign of wear. For pure osmium there is not a great deal of use except in chemistry, yet the rarity of it drives up the price to $50 an ounce. $600 a troy pound. At a temperature of 100 degrees centigrade this singular metal va- 292 MISCELLANEOUS. porizes and gives off a gas which stains the experimenter's skin a permanent black, and which may blind him by depositing a film of the metal on the eyeball. Rhodium is another of the precious metals belonging to what is known as the "plat- inum" group. It is one of the hardest metals to melt, and will only yield to the electric arc or the oxyhydrogen lime furnace. It can be used, like iridium, for pointing gold pens. Its cost figures out to $425 a pound, but at that it is a trifle lighter than gold when taken bulk for bulk. The curiously named metal "paladium" stands at $375 per pound, and in appearance is of a silver-white to steel gray. One per cent of it makes gold brittle and yellowish white, 20 per cent turns the compound quite white. The air has no influence whatever upon paladium, nor does it tarnish in sul- phuric gases. For these reasons it is used in alloy with gold for the flnely graduated scales of valuable astronomical instruments. If, instead of a silver currency, we employed any of these almost incredibly costly met- als—supposing we could get enough of them, which would be difficult— our ideas of value would undergo a sudden change. An iridium dime, without looking any different, would be worth $2.50, and an os- mium one would have an exchangeable value of twice the amount. Small change in either metal would have to be made by an expert. — Western Mining World. A Star in His Line. Farmer Hay — Thet new clerk uv yours 'pears tew be a purty good seller. General Storekeeper — He's nothin' short of a Jew, b'gosh! Yew know thet box uv ten-cent cigars a slick drummer hypnertized me inter buyin' 'long about last Fourth uv July? Farmer Hay — Ya-as; I've heerd yew speak uv 'em. General Store-Keeper — Wa-al, I'll be durned, if thet clerk ain't sold ten uv 'em already, an' he's bin here only three weeks, come next Wednesday — Fuck. A Fair Though Full Field and No Favors. The following contains an unexpected an- swer to a well-worn query and is, therefore, worth passing along: "And now what do you propose to take up?" "Mechanical engineering." "But is not that profession somewhat over- crowded?" "I believe it is, but I shall study it just the same, and those who are already in the business must take their chances." — Iron Trade Review. Russia's Great Pipe Line. The Russian government has undertaken the completion of a great petroleum pipe line from the oil wells of Baku on the Cas- pian Sea to the port of Batum on the Black Sea, a distance of about 550 miles, follow- ing the axis of the Caucasus range of moun- tains. Several years may be required to finish the work, but when the line is in oper- ation it will be capable of transporting 625,- 000,000 gallons a year, and the intention is to compete in the world's markets with American petroleum. Railroad Cars for Sick People. The management of the Prussian State railroads has decided to introduce special railroad cars, provided with all possible comforts, for the use of sick people. These cars will be attached to the regular trains, and it will be only necessary to give notice to the station agent where the sick person happens to be, and ask that a special sick car be furnished. An official report just published states that already seven such cars have been provided for, Berlin, Frankfort-on-the-Main, Cologne, Hanover and Altona. In the arrangement of the cars, the latest hygienic and sanitary installation has been provided, as well as attendants, and the most comfortable means of transportation. The car is so constructed, that the patient enters through an unusually wide door. The stretcher is so made that it serves as a bed, thereby obviating the necessity of moving the patient more than once. The car is extra well balanced, so that very little mo- tion is felt running. The charge for the use of these cars is placed so low that they are within reach of people of limited means. — Social Science. He who takes a child by the hand takes a mother by the heart. — Danish Proverb. Swift — Nothing is so great an instance of ill manners as flattery. ITALIAN STORY. 293 C RISTOFORO COLOMB O Narrazlone Storica compilata sulle opere di suo figlio Fernando; di Antonio Gallo, suo contemporaneo e sugll scritti degll storici e critic! posteriori: se- guita da un inno popolare Colombiano musicato dal M. Giovanni Basso. XIX. LA RIVOLTA. I segni percursori continuavano a mani- festarsi e a rendere compiuta 1' allegrezza dei marinai contribuiva la straordinaria cos- tanza del tempo bello, e la favorevole Im- pulsione del vento. In che region! navigassero nessuno sa- peva, ma appunto a quel giornl attraversa- vano i gradi di latitudine che oggi si conos- cono col nome di Tropici, e sono i punti deir Oceano dove spirano quasi sempre blandi i venti, e la mitezza della tempera- tura e un incanto, e sono magniflci i tra- monti, e le meravigliose notti stellate las- ciano in chi le ha vedute un' impressione che non si cancella mai piu. La mattina del 18 settembre, il capitano della Pinta Martin Alonzo salito in tutta fretta a bordo della nave ammiraglia, pro- pose a Colombo di concedergli facolta di spingersi innanzi, e seguire la direzione che aveva visto prendere a una gran torma di uccelli. Aggiunse che da quella parte il mare pareva circoscritto come da una gran fascia nera, e non potere essere che una lunga estensione di terra. Aggiungeva Mar- tin Alonzo che la sera precedente, quasi fossero stanchi dal prolungato velare, due pellicani erano venuti a riposarsi sulle an- tenne della Pinta, e non c' e nessuno il quale non sappia che i pellicani si allonta- nano, al massimo, venticinque leghe dalla terra. Anche certe nebbie che si levavano lentamente dal mare, senza il piu piccolo soffio di vento, dovevano essere indizio di terra. Consentisse dunque I'ammiraglio perche la Pinta prendesse la nuova direzi- one, che forse la meravigliosa scoperta era serbata al giorno seguente, Cristoforo Colombo chiese tempo a riflet- tere, poi concluse esser partito migliore con- tinuare il tragitto verso ponente. Porse in quel momento le caravelle bordeggiavano a traverso un gruppo d'isole che dovevano trovarsi dalla parte di mezzogiorno, ma non dovevano ne potevano essere la terra cer- cata: accostarvisi ora, oltre che portare con s6 una deviazione dal cammino prefisso, di- ventava anche una perdita pericolosa di tempo. Martin Alonzo chino il capo, piu per nas- con dere una smorfia di dispetto che non fu in tempo a frenare, che per accennare all' ubbidienza: e torno malcontento alia sua nave. Ma forse fin da quel giorno nell' ani- ma sua ambiziosa s'infiltr6 il germe della ribellione, che doveva piu tardi allontanarlo dalla compagnia del suo capo. Ripresero dunque tutti di conserva il cam- mino. II cuore mano 6 fatto cosi. Quando una cosa succede, e se ne traggono per conget- tura conseguenze ritenute certe e sicure, al momento che le aspettate conseguenze pii non si vedono alia speranza troppo facile succede lo scoraggiamento troppo repen- tino: all'illusione perduta tient subito dietro il dispetto e I'irritazione. Fate poi che questo cosi detto cuore umano si personiflchi in una folia di cento- venti individui, avviati in un' impresa che non aveva destato in loro un soverchio en- tusiasmo, e dovrete concludere che la diffi- colta maggiore per il povero Colombo non era di potere scendere sopra una delle spi- agge vagheggiate dalla fervida fantasia, ma la piii grossa di tutte era certamente quella di saper tenere in briglia una gente, a cui nessuna cosa avrebbe tanto arriso come di poter voltare le prore delle navi, e tornar- sene alle coste d' Europa. Ora la distanza era gia cosi smisurata, che di rifare il cammino all'indietro non c'era neanche da discorrerne: e Colombo lo sapeva, e ne gioiva nell' intimo suo: ma se tutta quella gente ingannata dalle false ap- parenze della terra, fosse ancora condan- nata per parecchi giorni a non vedere che cielo e acqua, chi avrebbe potuto ruiscire a frenarla contro una di quelle terribili ribel- lioni che tante volte costarono la vita a viaggiatori non meno temerari di Colombo, e che le onde insanguinate del mare, tuffar- ono nei proprii gorghi? Succedeva questo dunque: che i segni della terra vicina non mancavano, ma agli occhi meravigliati dei marinai non si pre- 294 ITALIAN STORY. sentava che cielo e acqua. Anche tutta quell' erba verdeggiante, che scintillava come Immensa prateria ai raggi del cocente sole dei Tropici, non era piu che una bu- glarda apparenza: diventava una canzona- tura, un' ironla permanente. Sorse anche il sospetto, naturallssimo, che non piu dalla terra, ma dal fondo del mare provenlssero quelle erbe: dal mare che nel sotterranei commovimenti doveva sradicarle e splngerle alia superficie; sicche oramai il fenomeno che aveva fatto palpitare di speranza tanti cuori, non era piu che un volgare e irritante ostacolo all'andamento piil speditivo delle navi. E poi chi garantiva che il mare, quan- tunque ancora profondo, non scemerebbe di volume? E se scogli traditori nasconde- vano alia superficie le loro infami punte che sbranerebbero le chiglie dei vascelli? E se ci si dovesse abbattere in qualche Banco di rena donde nessuna forza umana sarebbe capace a staccarli? Quale soccorso, e da che parte era possibile attenderlo? Si ve- leggiava con ostinazione accanita verso po- nente. Perch6? perchfe era questo il bene- placito dell'ammiraglio. Ma aveva diritto un uomo solo, per quanto investito del su- premo comando, e per quanto egli rappre- sentasse I'autorita del Re e della Regina di Spagna, aveva egli diritto di disporre cosi alia legiera della vita dei suoi marinari? Ah no! no! per la Vergine del Monserrato! Tutto era argomento di paura: anche il vento che continuava a soffiare favorevole. Sempre quella direzione da levante! perch6 mai? Le ciurme della spedizione, avvezze a navigazioni nei mari conosciuti, ricordavano che dapertutto il vento cam- bia, dapertutto era lotta, e per conseguenza vita. Qui no, invece: qui era un perpetuo, in- sistente, quasi minaccioso soffiar da levante che gonfiava in un medesimo senso le vele, e spingeva avanti le navi, sempre avanti, sempre a un punto ignoto che poteva anche non finir mai. Che succederebbe di loro fra tre o quattro mesi, quando, esaurite le prov- viggioni, si troverebbero ancora fra cielo e acqua, in quel terrible sereno, in quella lugubre tranquillity che aveva il signiflcato preciso della morte? Oh, meglio assai un buon colpo di vento che accennasse a imminente burrasca! meg- lio dover combattere con gli elementi in- furiati, anzichS poltrire in quell' infausta calma che era la piil spaventosa delle deso- lazioni! E invece, nei momenti che il vento tirava con minore intensita, il cielo appar- iva anche piu smagliante, e il mare pifi terso in quella quasi immobility che faceva pallidi di paura i marinai! Colombo, vigilante, non perdeva nulla dei commenti che si facevano a bordo. E nes- suno sapeva il numero delle leghe percorse, perche 1' ammiraglio continuava a tener ce- lati i suoi registri, e dava ad intendere sem- pre che il cammino fatto giorno per giorno era molto minore del vero^ Se la veritS, fosse trapelata, io non garantisco ch'e I'am- miraglio avrebbe potuto salvarsi dall'ira sel- vaggia dei piil forsennati. Alia sera i piu paurosi si raccoglievano presso il timone attorno al pilota Inigo, che andava ripigliando nell'animo di tutti un grande sopravvento. E. oso dime di ogni colore, e ricordo le difflcolta dei dotti di Salamanca e preso oramai I'aire, non c' era verso di fermarlo; capi anzi che era favore- vole il momento per tentare un colpo di mano e continuo con maggior veemenza a ti- rar giil a refe doppio suU' ammiraglio. Lo dipinse quando arrivo lacero e quasi mendicante in Ispagna, cacciato via dal Por- togallo che non voleva saperne delle sue fisime; racconto che certi frati imbroglioni 10 proteggevano, e gli avevano facilitato 1' ingresso alia Corte; sicch6 era stato facile air astuto Italiano d' ingraziarsi 1' animo dei Sovrani. Ma quali garanzie di serieta e d'onestS, aveva egli? Nessuna. Tentava la cieca sorte, ecco tutto, perch6 non aveva nulla da perdere; e la tentava rischiando la pelle di gente battezzata com' erano loro. Ma si poteva questa chiamare giustizia ed umanita? Finchg erano in tempo provve- dessero (e qui Inigo alzandosi in piedi chia- mava i conpagni in cerchio piu ristretto in- torno a se). "Andiamo dall' ammiraglio: diciamogli tutti d' accordo che centinuare il viaggio e un esporsi a morte sicura, e che 11 mondo li approverebbe e li loderebbe per il loro coraggio se tornando indietro raccon- tassero i lunghi giorni di navigazione tras- corsi senza mai trovare la terra." — Bisogna, concludeva Inigo, che queste cose gliele diciamo con fermo animo, e con la speranza di essere una buona volta as- coltati; ma se 1' ammiraglio fa il sordo, se pretende di continuare ad infinocchiarci con ITALIAN STORY. 295 le sue storielle dell' India, oh allora, amici miei. . . . E Inlgo abbassava anche di plu la voce, e i compagni per sentirlo meglio gli si curva- vano intorno: — Allora . . . morte e dannazione! il mare e profondo e non restituisce cosi fa- cllmente un uomo che abbia legata una palla di cannone alle gambe. Ma aveva Inigo pronunziate appena queste parole, che una mano robusta pene- trando nel fltto cerchio dei marinai lo sbar- aglio alquanto. Un grido di sorpresa e di paura parti da piu d' una bocca. Con le braccia conserte al seno, con la fronte alta e superba, Cris- toforo Colombo era li, e con lo sguardo lumi- ncso atterrava tutte le fronti. era li, e con lo sguardo luminoso atterrava tutte le fronti. — Ho sentito, cosi parlo con voce fatta tre- mante dalla collera, ho sentito parole con- fuse di minaccia verso qualcheduno. . . Eri tu, Inigo, che parlavi? Cosi m' e parso. Ora dunque, te ne prego, ripeti quel che dianzi dicevi; avrai un ascoltatore di piii; e ti con- cedo plena liberta di dire tutto quello che tu vorri. Non parve vero agli altri di lasciar nella peste il capoccia. Era sempre lui che in- citava e sobillava; cercasse ora lui la ma- niera d' uscirne per il rotto della cuffla. Ri- trattisi dunque indietro lasciarono a tu per tu r ammiraglio col pilota della Santa Maria. Ma non si perse d' animo il vecchio lupo di mare: e fisso oramai in quella sua idea, che continuare il viaggio era la medesima cosa come volersi dare in pasto ai pesci, arditamente rispose al Colombo: e ripeti in forma piil mite, le cose che aveva dette poc' anzi. 'Stette 1' ammiraglio in silenzio a sentirlo, e riuscendo a dominare lo sdegno che gli holliva nel sangue, incomincid a ribattere le ragioni che la paura suggeriva a gente ig- norante: disse non poter mettere in dubbio che la terra doveva essere oramai molto vicina, e ne era sicuro altrettanto, quanto aveva fede nei trenta lunghi anni di studi indefessi che lo conducevano a quel risul- tato. Al pilota Inigo ed ai compagni quel tuono di persuasione, consigliato a Colombo da necessaria prudenza, parve addirittera ti- more; onde si rinfrancarono, e con voci piuttosto alte ribattevano le obiezioni dell' ammiraglio, e concludevano ogni loro di^- corso con la funesta parola; Ritorno! ri- torno! — Ah, si? propruppe finalmente 1' am- miraglio che sentiva montare la marea dell' indisciplina, e capi che bisognava farvi ar- gine colla sua autorita. "Ah, voi dunque vorreste che le prore, dei miei vascelli si voltassero dalla parte delia Spagna! Cosi demostrereste di avere serbata 1' obbedienza air autorita del Re vostro! Ebbene, il primo di voi, quanti siete qui e quanti ob- bediscono al mio comando supremo, il primo, io dico, che osera pronunziare ancora una volta la parola — Ritorno — io lo sottoporro al giudizio supremo e avrh in pena la morte. Vediamo un po'! c' § nessuno che voglia fame 1' esperimento? venga pure avanti!" I marinai si guardarono in silenzio, si spin- sero uno con 1' altro col gomito, come per interrogare ognuno lo volonta, del vicino. . . ma nessuno si mosse. Inigo, colle labbra livide, masticava le pa- role: "Vigliacchi! imbecilli!" joi, gettato lontano da se il berretto che gli copriva il capo lanoso, fece 1' atto di avvicinarsi, come per sfidare 1' ammiraglio a mettere ad es- ecuzione la minaccia. Ma in quel momento, rapido come fulmine, un colpo di vento cosi forte che pareva una cannonata, venne ad abbattersi sull' albero maestro della nave agitando furiosamente la vela; e fu tanto subitaneo 1' urto, che piil d' un marinaio dovette reggersi ai cordami per non cadere. (Continua.) MY ROSARY. The hours I spend with thee, dear heart. Are as a string of pearls to me; I count them o'er, each one apart. My rosary. Each hour a pearl, each pearl a prayer. To still a heart in absence wrung; I tell each bead unto the end, And there a cross is hung. Oh, memories that bless and bum! Oh, barren gain; Oh, bitter loss; I kiss each bead, and strive at last to learn. To kiss the cross. — By Cameron Rogers. I 296 SOCIAL SCIENCE. Volume II SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 1902 NUIBER 13 MADRID NEW MEXICO AND THE LOS CERRILLOS MINES Cerrillos Hard and Soft Coal Properties and the Waldo Coke Ovens. A BEAUTIFUL TOWN, WELL WATERED AND WELL DRAINED — EXCELLENT STORES, MAIL SERVICE AND SCHOOLS — WORK OF THE MEDI- CAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL DEPARTMENTS-HISTORY OF THE MINES — THEIR MANAGEMENT, EQUIPMENT, AND MEN — THE WALDO COKE OVENS. ADRID, in Santa Fe county, New Mexico, is situated about 200 miles south of the northern boundary of the territory of New Mexico, 427 miles south of Denver by way of Trinidad, and 477 miles by way of La Junta on the Santa Fe Railway ; eighty-two miles south- west of Las Vegas, fifty miles northeast of Albuquerque, and twenty-five miles south of Santa Fe. It is situated on the Cerrillos Coal Railroad, which joins the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe railway at Waldo station, which is four miles north of Madrid and where the Waldo coke ovens are situated. The Santa Fe railway station of Los Cerrillos is three miles north by road from Madrid. Madrid is the town in which the men working in the Los Cerrillos mines (anthracite No. A 28 and B 33 and bitumin- ous No. 27) of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company reside. Situation. The situation of Madrid is extremely pic- turesque, combining interesting features for the scientist and historian, for what better opportunity could there be to study geology than where the earth's crust has been rent and torn by the volcanoes of ages past, or to study history, than in a place where are found the picture writings of a race that inhab- ited this country before the white man came? Only twenty-five miles distant is the historic city of Santa Fe, founded by the Franciscan Brotherhood 300 years ago, and claimed by some authorities to be older Part of Madrid, New Mexico. 298 MADRID, NEW MEXICO, AND THE LOS CERRILLOS MINES. than Saint Augustine, Florida. In Santa Fe General Lew Wallace found the inspira- tion for and wrote part of "Ben Hur." For "him who finds tongues in trees, books in the running brooks, sermons in stones and good in everything," Santa Fe county is replete with interest, for here her book is laid open before him. Elevation, Population, Water Supply. The town of Madrid is a little place con- taining about 100 snug and cozy dwelling houses and as many more cabins, occupied by men working in the mines. The altitude is 6,300 feet, the population between 900 and 1,000. The principal nationalities repre- sented are native-born Americans, Germans, Italians, Austrians and Mexicans. The water supply, which is a great consideration in all house, a good hotel and an amusement hall. Mail Service. The postoffice of Madrid affords efficient service. Mail arrives and is taken from this office every day of the year. James Wood is postmaster and Miss Lily D. Wood his deputy. Colorado Supply Company Store. A general merchandise store is operated here, belonging to the Colorado Supply Com- pany. This store carries a $17,000 stock of goods. E. J. Thompson is its manager. This store receives the hearty support of all the residents of Madrid. Excellent Public Schools. The public schools are excellent. Last year there were ninety pupils enrolled. Pro- fessor A. S. Bundy took charge last year of \ Looking North From House of Superintendent of Los Cerrillos Mines, Madrid, New Mexico. Western towns, is abundant, and the water of good quality. The drainage is excellent, whicn doubtless accounts in no small degree for the good health of the town. Vegetables, Flowers and Fruit. Thanks to the abundant water supply, many of the men have little garden plots, in which are grown vegetables and flowers. Along each of the three main streets the company has planted beautiful shade trees, mostly maples, which, owing to the care of R. J. Lumley, are doing well. Although the rainfall is not quite so heavy as in southern Colorado, the soil is more productive where it can be irrigated. An abundance of the finest fruit in the world is brought to the camp by the farmers or ranchers near by. The summer weather here is temper- ate, and the nights are always cooled by pleasant breezes. Madrid has an opera the schools as principal, with Mrs. Bundy as assistant. The excellent work done by both of them was appreciated, and they have been reappointed teachers for the pres- ent school year, which opened September 2. The schools are graded, and inclujd^ frorn first to eighth. The standard has been made sq high that students finishing the eighth grade here are accepted without examina- tion in the Albuquerque high school. Re- cently the school board purchased a good set of maps and also new blackboards. They have raised a fiagpole in front of the build- ing, and this term, on appropriate occa- sions, the Stars and Stripes will wave from its summit. The children all take unusual Interest in their school and love to go. Medical Department. Dr. S. C. Clark, the company surgeon, has been In charge of the health of our miners MADRID, NEW MEXICO, AND THE LOS CERRILLOS MINES. 299 since last December, when he came here from Coalbasin to succeed Dr. J. O. Michael He has recently added to his office equip- ment a static electrical machine of great value. It is to his courtesy that we are indebted for the photographs accompanying this article. Sociological Work. Under the direction of the Sociological Department lectures in hygiene and general topics have been delivered by the resident surgeon. A reading room is well patronized. History of the Mines. The coal mines have -been operated in a small way for many years, and near Madrid 1, 1902. Mr. Elliot resigned on the above date to go to Grand Junction, Colo. Gus J. Johnson, formerly mine foreman of the an- thracite properties, was then appointed act- ing superintendent. Mr. Johnson is a thor- oughly practical mining man, having worked himself up from the bottom. Both Anthracite and Bituminous Coal, Be- sides Coke Ovens. The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company is operating three mines at this place: The Cerrillos bituminous No. 27, the Cerrillos anthracite A No. 28, and the Cerrillos an- thracite B No. 33, besides the coke ovens at Waldo, four miles distant All of these are Main Street, Madrid, New Mexico, Looking North. Company Office on Right. Santa Fe Range in Distance. is a place where coke was made on the ground, years ago, for smelting precious mineral. But it was not until 1891, however, that the coal business was put on a firm and paying basis. At that time the Atchi- son, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad Company took possession of the property and devel- oped it. The following men were the su- perintendents under the Santa Fe: Robert Herricke, 1891 to 1893; James Dugan, 1893 to 1899, and John Bell from August 15, 1899, until October 16, 1899, when the properties were turned over to the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, and Mr. Bell was relieved by Harry J. Elliot, who remained until March under the immediate control of Gus J. John- son. The office for the three mines and of the coke ovens is in Madrid. William E. Maltby and Robert R. Archibald comprise the office force. The Soft Coal Mine. The Cerrillos bituminous property was formerly known as the Cook and White mine. This mine is on a slope pitching fif- teen degrees. The vein is from three and one-half to four feet in thickness. It is said to be the best ventilated mine in New Mexico, the air being kept pure by two exhaust fans, fifteen feet in diameter, on opposite sides of the slope. The area of 300 MADRID, NEW MEXICO, AND THE LOS CERRILLOS MINES. intake is forty-five square feet and about forty-five thousand cubic feet or air is trav- eling per minute. This mine has very re- cently been furnished with a supply of the Wolf safety lamps. A commodious and con- venient lamp house has just been completed. The equipment of this mine for hauling coal is particularly efficient. The haulage en- gine is a Hews and Phillips Corliss, with cylinedrs eighteen inches in diameter and forty-two-inch stroke. About 100 men are employed inside and about twenty out- side. The daily production is close to 300 tons. The quality of the coal is un- surpassed for commercial purposes, and the demand has always been far in excess by means of a Frazer & Chalmers engine, the cylinders of which are sixteen inches in diameter, with twenty-four inch stroke. The foundation of this engine is built on the side of a steep hill, pitching at least sixty degrees. About seventy men are employed underground in this mine. Fred Delaney is the mine foreman. The production is about 200 tons per day. The new anthracite mine — B No. 33 — is lo- cated on a higher vein than the old mine. It has only been opened up for about a year, and it is now difficult to predict what its future will be. The coal is hoisted with an engine run by compressed air. The anthracite coal from both mines is Boiler House, Los Cerrillos Mines, Madrid, New Mexico. of the supply. Joseph Haske is mine fore- man, R. J. Lumley outside foreman, and James D. Bryden weigh boss. The Two Hard Coal Mines. The Cerrillos Anthracite A 28 was for- merly known as the Lucas mine. This mine produces an excellent quality of anthracite coal, reported by the United States mine inspector to be equal to the Pennsylvania anthracite. The vein is situated above the bituminous vein. This hard coal seam lies on a pitch of fifteen degrees, and is worked in much the same way as the bituminous mine. The vein is three and one-half feet in thickness. This mine is ventilated by means of a Murphy exhaust fan. The coal is hoisted from the bottom of the main slope run to a large and well-equipped breaker, and there screened to various sizes, lump, egg, nut, pea and slack. This breaker is 311 feet long, 63 feet wide and 137 feet high, containing ten stories. It is equipped with three revolving screens and two sets of rolls. All machinery in the building is run by means of belts attached to a Vulcan engine. Thomas Hall, who, by the way, is also Justice of the Peace, has charge of the breaker and has under him twenty men and boys. Power Plant. There is one central power plant, con- sisting of seven cylinder boilers. Each of these boilers is eighteen feet long and sixty inches in diameter. The steam is conducted ITALIAN DEPARTMENT. 301 from here to whatever place the power is needed. Also in this power plant are two IngersoU Sargent air compressors. The cyl- inders of these are eighteen-inch diameter and twenty-four inch stroke. Six firemen and two ash wheelers, besides two engineers for the compressors, are employed to oper- ate this plant. Earl Turner has charge of all the mechanical work of the mines and ovens. The Coke Ovens.' At Waldo, the junction of the Cerrillos Coal Railroad and the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway, four miles north of Mad- rid, are the fifty bee-hive coke ovens (Colo- rado Fuel and Iron coke ovens "G"), where part of the product of the Los Cerrillos al nord est di Albuquerque e venti cinque miglia al sud di Santa Fe. Vi si giunge per mezzo della Atchison, To- peka & Santa Fe Railway e la Cerrillos Coal Railway che congiunge la Santa Fe a Waldo, quattro miglia a nord delle miniere. L' al- titudine di Madrid e' tre mila piedi. Situazione. La situazione di Madrid e' molto pittor esca e bella. La migliaia di persone che vivono in Madrid abitano in circa cento agiate case, molte delle quali' sono circon- date da giardini ed ombrose piante frutti- fere. L' acqua e' abbondante e di quality eccelente ed il prosciugamento del paese e' buono. Benche la pioggia non sia cosi' ab- bondante come nel sud del Colorado, il ter- Los Cerrillos Anthracite Breaker, Madrid, New/ Mexico. mines is reduced to coke. Twenty-nine men, nearly all Mexicans, are employed at these ovens. Mr. Sandoval is in charge of the school for Mexican children at Waldo. R. R. A. ^BggionB ^Ifaliana. Le Miniere di Madrid, New Mexico e Los Cerrillos. ■«■ ADRID, New Mexico, il paese in cui iiil gli operai impiegati presso le miniere == di Los Cerrillos della Colorado Fuel and Iron Company vivono, e' situato nella contea di Santa Fe, ottanta due miglia al sud ovest di Las Vegas, cinquanta miglia reno e' piu produttivo dove puo' essere ir- rigato. Un' abbondanza di frutti squisiti, pari a queili prodotti in altri luoghi sono coltivati in Madrid e nei suoi dintorni. II clima dell' inverno e' mite e 1' estate non e' eccesivamente caldo. Le Miniere. Sono molti anni che si lavorano miniere di carbone nella vicinity di Madrid, ma sino al 1891 nessune di esse daveno un buon ri- sultato. Dal 1891 al 1899 le propriety erano operate dalla A. T. & S. F. Ry., ed all' ul- tima data furono trasferite alia Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. Questa compagnia sta attualmente operando tre miniere, la Cerrillos Anthracite B (No. 33), la Cerril- 302 ITALIAN DEPARTMENT— SLAVONIC DEPARTMENT. los Bituminous (No. 27), e la Cerrillos An- tliracite A (No. 28), nelle quail lavorano circa due cento uomini. II giornaliero pro- dotto di carbone molle e' di 300 tonnellate, quello delle piil vecchie miniere di carbone duro e' di 200 tonnellate. La piil recente delle due miniere d' Anthracite e' stata aperta da cosi' breve tempo che e' impos- sibile dire quale ne sara il risultato. Le miniere sono tutte ben ventilate e fomite di tutti i piu moderni utensili di sicurezza. Tutte queste miniere e forni sono sotto la sopraintendenza di Gus. J. Johnson. L' uf- ficio e' affldato a William E. Maltly e Rob- dente. Sotto la direzione del dipartimento di sociologia egli da delle conferenze in fisiologia ed igiene. Una sala di letture stabilita da detto dipartimento e' molto patronizzata. I Forni da Coke. A Waldo, la congiunzione della Cerrillos Coal Ry. e della A., T. & S. F. Ry., a quattro miglia nord di Madrid, vi sono cinquanta (bee hive) forni dove parte del prodotto della miniera di Cerrillos e' ridotto in coke. Venti operai, quasi tutti Messicani, sono impiegati ai forni. La scuola Messicana e' affidata a Mr. Sandoval. Children of Employes of Los Cerrillos Mine, Pu ert R. Archibald. II breaker e' affldato a Thomas Hall, ed il lavoro tecnico del forni e miniera 6 diretto da Earl Turner. II Magazzino. II magazzino della Colorado Supply Com- pany 6 affldato a E. J. Thompson. Madrid ha un servizio giormaliero delle poste. James Wood e' r ufflciale e Miss Lily Wood as- sistente. Scuole Pubbiiche. Le scuole pubbiiche che hanno un' at- tendenza di novanta scolari sone affidate al professore A. S. Bundy con Mrs. Bundy quale assistente. I Dipartimenti di Sociologia e di Medicina. II dottore S. C. Clarke e' il chirurgo resi- pils of the Public School at Madrid, New Mexico ^laoBHsko j^bJBlJBnJB. Madrid v New Mexico in Cerrillos-jarne za premog. ADRID, New Mexico, mesto v kojem zive delovci, valuzbovani pri Cerril- los-premogokopih, kateri so posestvo "Colorado Fuel and Iron Company" — drustvo za kurjavo in zelezo v Colorado — lezi V Santa Fe County, esemdeset in dve milje zapadno od Los Vegas, petde- set milj severo — zapadno od Albuquer- que in petindvajset milj juzno od Santa Fe. Po Atchison, Topeka in Santa Fe Zeleznici in po Cerrillos zeleznici za pre- SLAVONIC DEPARTMENT. 303 mog, katera slednja se veze z Santa Fe- zeleznico pri postaji Waldo, stiri milje se- verno od jam — Madrid je 427 milj juzno od Denvera oddaljen. Lega. Mesto Madrid je sesttisuc in tri stocevljev nad morskem povrsjem vzviseno. Lega mesta Madrid je nenavadno slikovita in krasna. V Madrid je jedan tisuc prelival- cev, katri bivajo v licnih hisah, obdanih z cednimi vrtovi, katere sencijo lepa sadna drcvesa. Vo' da se tu mahaja v izvrstni dobroti in izplljana je tako, da jo nikdar ne zmanjka. Akovavno v temu kraju ne dezuje tako pogostokrat kakor v delih juznc Colo- Mehkega premoga se vsaki dan pri dela 300 ton, trdega pa se nakoplje v tistemu casu 200 ton v starejsi jami za te vrste pre- mog. Novejsa jama se je odkrila se le ned- avno in radi tega se ne more nataucno pove- dati, koliko se bo v njej trdega premoga vsaki dan nakopalo. Prodajalnica. Prodajalnica za splosno blazo, katera je imtje "Colorado Supply Company," je pod upravnistvom gosp. E. J. Thompson. Posta rabdeluje vsaki dan posiljatve. Gosp. James Wood je postar, pomocnica pa muje gospo- dicna Lily D. Wood. Coke Ovens at Waldo, New Mexico, Tour Miles North of Madrid. Javne sole so izvrstne. Javno solo, katera je razdeljena v razne razrede, obliskuje okoli devetdeset otrok in njej predstoja g. profesor A. L. Bundy Nje gova soproga, gospa Bundy, sodeluje pri poduku. rade, vendar — le so zemljisca veliko bolj rodovitna, kjer se more ono po vodovodih namakati. Sadno drevje tukaj osobito dobrc vspeva, ter rodi sadje najfineje vrste. Po zimi je vreme milo, poletja pa niso nikakc prevroca. Jame. Jame za premog so se v Madrid in blizini niegovi vize pred mnogo leti zacele kopati in obdelovati, pa se le leta 1891 so se za cela te dela izplacevati. Od leta 1891 do leta 1899 je te premogova posestva obdelo va; la A. T. & S. F|— zeleznica. Leta 1899 pa jih je v last prevzela "Colorado Fuel and Iron Co." To drustvo sedaj obdeluje tri jame. Perva se imenvje "Cerrillos Bituminous" (No. 27). V katerej se koplje mchki premog, katero delo izvrguje sto in dvajset moz: druga jama se zove "Cerrillos Anthracite A" (No. 28), tretja pa "Cerrillos Anthracite B" (No. 33). V slednjih dvch jamah koplje okoli sto moz trdi premog. Colorado Supply Company Store at Madrid, N. M. 304 SLAVONIC DEPARTMENT. Zdravstveni in socijologicni oddelki. Doktor S. C. Clarke je zdravnik. Pod vod stvom socipologicnega oddelka, on v gotvik casih govori javno o raznih obcnih pred: metih, o prirodoslovnih in zdravstvenih stvareh. Teh poducnih zborovanj se vedno dosti poslusalcev udelezi. Socijologicni od- delek, katerega je osnovalo "Drustvo za kurjavo in zelezo v Colorado," je take pre dave uvedel v svrho, da se znanje in vednost med delavci siri. Feci za kok v Waldo. V Waldo kjer se strinjatc "Cerrillos-zelez- nica za premog" in "A. T. & S. F. zeleznica," stiri milje severno od "Madrida, je pretdeset peci za kok, kjer se pidelki premoga v Cer- rillos-jamah sperminjajo v kok. Devetind- vajset moz, vecinoma Meksikanci, opravljajo to delo. Jospod Sandval poducuje v meksi" kanski soli. Moving Towers. If one remembers that an inch, although a good deal on a man's nose, is very little in a hundred feet, one will not be surprised to learn that all high structures sway in the air. The Eiffel Tower swings perceptibly with the wind, and even stone shafts like those of the Bunker Hill and Washington monu- ments move several inches at the top. In these cases the cause of the action is not the wind, but the heat of the sun. The side that is toward the sun expands during the day more than the side in shadow. Accord- ingly, in the morning the shaft points toward the west, in the afternoon, toward the east. Whiskers Lairs for Microbes. Presently it will be impossible for a man with whiskers and long hair to get an audience to hear his poetry, or listen to his philosophy, says the Schoolmaster. This will be a deadly blow to journeyman poets, philosophers, and lecturing ex-clergymen, doctors and the like, whose entire charm and mesmerism lurks in their hair. The nest of the microbe has been found. Whisk- ers longer than an inch are now quaran- tined. Shortly legislation will prohibit by enactment public entertainments conducted by men who are at this moment the very rivet and amazement of the times. THE VAMPIRE. The verses— as suggested by the painting by Philip Burne-Jones, first exhibited at the new gallery in Lon- don, 1897 By Rudyard Kipling. A fool there was and he made his prayer (Even as you and I!) To a rag and a bone and a hank of hair (We called her the woman who did not care) . But the fool he called her his lady fair (Even as you and I!) Oh the years we waste and the tears we waste, And the work of our head and hand Belong to the woman who did not know (And now we know that she never could know) And did not understand. A fool there was and his goods he spent (Even as you and I!), Honor and faith and a sure intent (And it wasn't the least what the lady meant) , But a fool must follow his natural bent (Even as you and I!) Oh the toil we lost and the spoil we lost And the excellent things we planned, Belong to the woman who didn't know why (And now we know she never knew why) And did not understand. The fool was stripped to his foolish hide (Even as you and I!), Which she might have seen when she threw him aside — (But it isn't on record the lady tried) So some of him lived, but the most of him died — (Even as you and I! ) And it isn't the shame and it isn't the blame That stings like a white-hot brand. It's coming to know that she never knew why (Seeing at last she could never know why) And never could understand. MISCELLANY. 305 The Iron Industry In Japan. A Japanese correspondent, writing to the Iron Trade Review from Tokio. refers to the depression that has checked importa- tion in the past two years, and that still operates to repress industrial development there. The government steel works, recent- ly established with an outlay of $10,000,000, for the manufacture of plates, rails and other finished forms, is not yet successful, though in operation. Pig iron is imported for the most part from England and China. No good coke is manufactured in Japan, but importations are made at reasonable cost from England and Canada. Foundry opera- tions are conducted on a small scale, but, as the financial situation works easier, this and other industries are likely to be de- veloped farther. thirty to forty pounds of steam in the boiler of a cold engine, and when this pressure is obtained the engine can take care of Itself. — Age of Steel. Oil-Burning Locomotives. The Baldwin Locomotive Works is build- ing fifty oil-burning locomotives for the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, in addition to sixty-nine coal-burning en- gines. Lately five locomotives fitted to use oil as fuel and equipped with Vanderbilt boilers were completed and shipped to the Santa Fe, and following them was another oil-burner, but fitted with a fire box designed by John Player, the consulting superinten- dent of motive power for the Santa Fe, who has been giving the question of oil as a locomotive fuel great attention. The Santa Fe officials are now experimenting with the Player locomotive, and upon the results of the tests will depend whether the Vander- bilt or Player type of fire box will be adopt- ed In the fifty oil-burning locomotives now building. The Vanderbilt fire box !s a single corrugated cylinder and the Player design uses three cylinders. The oil Is burned just as it Is supplied to the locomotive. A drawback to the system is that when the locomotive is cold It must obtain steam from some other source before It can begin to generate its own, the pro- jection of the oil Into the fire box depend- ing on the force furnished by the steam. This disadvantage is obviated in Russia, where several hundred of oll-buming loco- motives are In service, by connecting the cold engine with a shifting engine already in steam or by connecting with a stationary boiler in the roundhouse. It takes from fifteen to twenty-flve minutes to get up The Shadrach Bond House. Changes in commercial conditions, says the Four Track News, often determine the fate of a community, but nature rarely con- spires to wipe a town off the map. Such, however, has been the ill fate of Kaskaskia, the first capital of the state of Illinois. Here in a picturesque old house lived Shad- rach Bond, the first governor of the state, and here Lafayette was the guest of Illinois in 1825. Kaskaskia was then a thriving, promising place, but, in 1844, the capricious Mississippi changed its course, cut In back of the town, and Kaskaskia found itself upon an island; its future hopeless. Now the Postmaster General has discontinued the postofflce there, and thus completed the pathetic journey of Kaskaskia into oblivion. Mr. Carnegie's Epitaph. Andrew Carnegie has composed his own epitaph. It reads: "Here lies a man who knew how to get around him men much cleverer than himself." Many a rich man could copy this epitaph, leaving out the "him." — Philadelphia Ledger. The Associated Press, in transmitting the epitaph which Andrew Carnegie proposed for himself In his Stevens Institute speech last week made a blunder that has set the paragraphers gasping at Mr. Carnegie's as- tonishing candor. As sent across the coun- try the sentence read: "Here lies a man who knew how to get aroimd men much cleverer than himself." The omission of the third personal pro- noun after the preposition Is a startling Il- lustration of the perversities of language. — ^Age of Steel. Life Saver vs. Life Destroyer. Michael J. Coyne, a New York policeman, ^ays the Chicago Record-Herald, saved five lives at a fire. He isn't likely, however, to be regarded as half as much a hero as he might have been if he had waved a flag somewhere and shot a few men to death. Children are travelers newly arrived In a strange country; we should, therefore, make conscience not to mislead them. — ^Locke. 306 EMERGENCY TREATMENT. ^upmuofjiifotmaflon EMER.GENCY TR^EATMENT IX. THE HEART. After seeing the importance of our blood we shall consider how this fluid is forced through our bodies on its life giving errand. The Heart a Small, Though Delicately Ad- justed Pump. The pump is, of course, the heart (Fig 2). This organ is about the size of one's fist, and extends from the upper border of the third to the space between the fifth and sixth ribs. When we open the heart (Fig. 4) we find that it contains four cavities — two auri- cles and two ventricles; the former being above the latter. The auricle and the ven- tricle on each side communicate, but there is no opening connecting the two sides. The openings between the two cavities on the same side are guarded by the auricular-ven- tricular valves — in much the same fashion as we find in a pump, which allows water from the well to pour out, but not return. When such a pump leaks, some of the water does return, and the man at the handle soon learns how much harder it is to secure the needed amount of water. The same thing occurs when a heart valve leaks — the heart must work just so much the harder to do its duty. This is just what happens in ordi- nary "heart disease," and we can now realize why such a condition is justly dreaded. The heart is within a closed sac — the pericar- dium. The inner wall of the sac is firmly attached to the heart and beginning of the large vessels leading from it, while the outer wall surrounds the inner. Between the two layers a little fluid is found, just enougb to keep the two smooth, glistening surfaces of the pericardium lubricated, and thus pre- vent any friction when the heart beats. The Circulation. (Pig. 1.) The blood from all parts of the body passes through veins toward the heart until all is collected in two large vessels, the su- perior and the inferior vena cava (Fig. 1, u and b). This blood enters the right auri- cle, which, when full, contracts or "beats" — thus forcing the blood through the right auri- culo-ventricular opening and into the right ventricle. This ventricle now contracts and the blood seeks an escape. The return to the auricle is shut off by a valve, and the blood is forced into the pulmonary artery (Fig. 1, Z) through the only other opening. Here again we find a valve so arranged that the blood, once forced beyond the ventricle, cannot return. Passing onward the artery soon gives off two branches, each branch going to a lung (Fig. 1, RL, LL). Now numer- ous branches are met as the blood rushes onward through the lungs until finally the fluid enters minute vessels called capillaries. These little vessels surround the air vesicles of the lungs. We have seen how this blood, coming from various parts of the body, finally reaches the lungs. It is dark in color and laden with impurities. The waste is now thrown off. The blood next takes its load of oxygen (be- coming brighter colored In consequence) and is ready to carry its life-giving properties to distant parts. Once more the journey is resumed, begin- ning at the capillaries and joining numer- ous other little streams. Gradually the streams grow larger in size and smaller in number until but four vessels remain, two from each lung, which pour their scarlet contents into the left auricle. And not a drop of blood has been lost on the journey! The blood has now reached the left side of the heart. The left auricle contracts and forces the blood into the left ventricle. The latter immediately "beats." The blood Is prevented from passing Into the auricle by a valve, and therefore pours into the largest artery of the body — the aorta (Fig. 1, T). At- tempting to return to the heart, the way is blocked by another valve. Therefore the blood passes onward, entering various EMERGENCY TREATMENT. 307 Th« CireulatorylSystem, Blood Corpusc Arteries black branches of ihe aorta and other branches, ever onward, until capilliaries are reached. Through the walls of the latter the nutri- tious products of the blood are readily given to the tissues and waste products as readily- removed. The capilliaries form a dense network everywhere throughout the body. las and Sections of Heart and Lungs. Veins gray. The blood, ever on the move, continues its journey, gradually forming larger and larger vessels until veins are formed which finally unite in the superior and inferior vena cava. Once more the blood enters the right auricle on its way to the lungs, and is ready for an- other journey. EMERGENCY TREATMENT— HINTS ON HYGIENE— DOMESTIC SCIENCE. The scheme of the circulation is well shown in Fig. 16. The direction of the ar- rows shows direction of the blood stream. A. Vena cava entering R. A. (Right au- ricle.) R. V. Right ventricle P. A. Pulmonary artery. Branches to R. L. and L. L. (right and left lungs). D. Pulmonary veins returning blood from lungs to L. A. (left auricle). L. v. Left ventricle. G. Aorta sending blood to various paits of body (H. and I.) What a Powerful Little Engine tiie Heart Is. Did you ever consider how much work the heart does in a single day? In order to furnish the required amount of blood to various parts it is necessary for that organ to beat sixty or eighty times a min- ute, or somewhere in the neighborhood of a hundred thousand beats a day. The only rest the heart receives is between the beats. Can you wonder that the heart wears out after continuing its action for sixty or sev- enty years, especially when you consider that the work it does is equivalent to lifting a ton of coal one hundred and twenty-five feet in the air every day? HIKTS ON HYGICNE, IX. Ventilation and Heating. The ventilation and heating of our houses should be considered when they are in pro- cess of construction, and should not be left to the last moment, or undertaken as an afterthought. The average amount of fresh air which should enter a room each hour is 3,000 cubic feet per individual; and in order to obtain this, some means of ventilation is essential. There are many devices for this purpose, a number of them very simple and effective, but, as a rule, they are not necessary except in hospitals, schools and crowded rooming houses. Or'dinarily the open window is all that is required. But how many peo- ple there are who, when they retire for the night, close down all windows and doors and allow no fresh air whatever to enter. Some do this because they know no better, some because they are fearful of "catching cold." Here we have a case of the "cart before the horse." It is not so much that the open window causes them to catch cold as it is that their habits in sleeping in im- poverished air render them more liable to colds. If these people would begin gradu- ally by lowering the window from the top, they could keep the windows open with no ill effects whatever, and that their health would indeed be improved. There need be no draught formed, but there should if possible be separate places for the entrance and the exit of the air. Two windows left open, or a window and a door, a window and transom, or finallly one window left open both from the top and the bottom. Some people are accustomed to, and enjoy, a breeze blowing over them during the night, just as they enjoy a cold plunge in the morning before breakfast, but I would not advise everyone to undertake to follow their example. Nevertheless, everyone needs the fresh air and should see that the windows of his sleeping room do not remain closed, even in winter time. As regards heating arrangements, there is very little to be said; it is only in large buildings, hospitals and schools that spe- cial difficulties arise. Stoves and open fire- places are the principal sources of heat in our homes, and only a word or two need be said concerning them. The flues should be large enough and be kept clean enough, and the chimney be set high enough so that a good draught is obtained. Otherwise the poisonous gases liberated by the burning coal and wood (principally carbon monox- ide and dioxide) would escape into the room and produce their ill effects. And we should also remember that burning coal uses up the oxygen of the air very rapidly; there- fore more fresh air is required in a room with a fire than in one without. DOMEATTIC SCIENCE Vlll. Variety in Foods. The economic value of all foodstuffs is by no means to be estimated by the bulk or weight. The actual force producing material is usually found in beef. A laborer, who works many hours daily, should have good bread, butjer, sugar and vegetables, com- bined with eggs or meat, with plenty of pure water and milk. It is a mistake to think, as most people do, that meat must be eaten with every meal, and in large quantities. A man can work hard on eggs and vege- tables alone. No one kind of food should be eaten at all times by a person because he likes it. The proper mixing of all foods and a variety are what are necessary to DOMESTIC SCIENCE— SOCIAL SCIENCE. 309 Head of David sustain life. It is quite singular that with the increase of civilization there is more meat and fowl eaten than in olden days, when men had to use the ox for the plow they raised corn for the bread of life.Perhaps if we could look back upon some of the tables that were set for the meals of some of our ancestors we should find that there was a scarcity of animal food and more of mush and milk. Michaelangelo, SOCIAI« SCIENCE VIII. HOME DECORATION— INTERIOR (Con.) There is scarcely a home where an at- tempt has not been made to use bric-S.-brac as a decorative feature. By bric-a-brac are meant varieties in the way of geological specimens, historical relics, curios of other nations and peoples, the thousand and one "souvenirs" one is continually gathering, pieces of statuary and pottery and glass- 3J0 SOCIAL SCIENCE. ware and innumerable other such articles treasured for memories' sake or for their or- namental value. Plaster of Paris Casts. In this issue it is intended to discuss but one of all these decorative features, namely: statuary. Perhaps this name statuary seems rather high sounding for such pieces as would be appropriate to, and really grace, the modest homes of most of us. However, those of us who have never given the matter much thought or attention would be sur- prised to learn that very accurate and very beautiful plaster of Paris casts are within the reach of a very modest purse. It is equally surprising, when we come to con- sider the matter, how much a few well chosen casts add to a room's attractive- ness. The Choice of Casts. Of course no one would think of putting life-size casts of persons or the larger ani- mals in a miner's little cottage — the rooms are too small— but no doubt models of re- duced size, busts, etc., could be used to great advantage in making prettier some of these already pretty rooms. What you should choose depends largely upon what subjects you are most fond of, but perhaps equally upon what your room already con- tains. Some Important Requisites. Here again comes in the question of taste, which makes it so impossible for one to choose for another. This much, however, can be stated as a general propositon: The introduction of such ornamental features as casts presupposes at least comfortable house furnishings and fur^uture, a few good pictures and good housekeeping, else it be singularly inappropriate and positively inartistic. But except for this general rule it is quite beyond the province or the power of this article to give any definite sugges- tions. In this and the next issue it is our purpose, however, to call attention to a few of the world's greatest triumphs in sculp- ture, which are now reproduced in plaster of Paris and brought within the reach of a limited allowance. Head of David — Michaelangelo. JViichaelangelo's conception of the young hero who slew the giant Goliath is repro- duced on page 309. Michaelangelo's sculp- tures are never "pretty" — he cared nothing for "pi'etty" things, but they are noble and majestic. Every line in them has mean- ing and adds to the expression and char- acter of the whole. The David head is noted for its expression of determination, iaith, obedience to duty and self-reliance, qualities we would expect to find expressed in David's face at this moment of beginning battle with his giant opponent. The head is that of a growing youth, immature, un- developed, and not yet arrived at the full beauty of manhood. Statue of IVIoses — Michaelangelo. Michaelangelo's Moses (see p. 313) is its author's masterpiece of sculpture and prob- ably, also, of all modern statuary. It is the grandest and most admirable emblem of strength, severity and power ever produced. "His irresistible glance seems to be over- awing a mutinous people and reducing them to submission at his feet." In this face we can see the leadership of the man who res- cued Israel from bondage, the statesmanship of the great law-giver, the resolute courage and limitless faith of God's chosen instru- ment; but we can see also the uncontrol- able temper which killed the Egyptian and condemned Moses not to enter the promised land. It could not be "pretty" and signify all this. Aker, Dominick, of Berwind, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 12, on account of typhoid fever, is doing well. Alexander, Robert, of Walsenburg, who was sent to the hospital May 16, because of an abscess on the stump of an amputated leg, and who was again operated upon on June 10, will go home in a few days. Anderson, S. P., of Sopris, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 12 on account of an injured hand, caused by a premature explosion of dynamite, has gone home. Andretta, Ben, of Gulch, who was admit ted to the hospital September 13 on ac count of pralysis of the face, is much im- proved and went home September 1. Anselmo, Carlo, of Brookside, who was admitted to the hospital August 25, on ac- count of a dislocation of the right hip, re- turned home September 21. Areman, N., of Primero, who was admitted HOSPITAL BULLETIN. 3r to the hospital July 16 on account of a con- tused head, has gone home. Arnijio, B., of El Moro, who was admitted to the hospital August 2 with a contused right ankle, is some little better. Barteck, Steve, of Starkville, who was admitted to the hospital September 8 on ac- count of typhoid fever, is holding his own. Bascio, Andrea, of Tabasco, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 1 on ac- count of brain trouble, died and was buried in Pueblo. Beloti, Joe, of Brookside, who came to the hospital September 13 suffering with typhoid fever, is doing well. Berra, Baptista, of Tercio, who was sent to the hospital September 3 on account of typhoid fever, is improving. Blake, R. R., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted August 23 with typhoid fever, has gone to .his former home in Colorado Springs. He will return to Redstone later. Brown, William, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July 16 with a fractured right tibia and left femur, is walking about on crutches. Calangie, Parle, of Segundo, who came to the hospital September 6 with a fractured left scapula, is improving. Castile, James, an employe of the Colo rado & Wyoming Railway (Southern di- vision), of Trinidad, who came to the hos- pital September 4, suffering with typhoid fever, is getting better. ChappettI, Pete, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerrillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 with a hepatic abscess (abscess of the liver), was operated upon July 5 and is getting better. Conzoni, James, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July 8, ill with typhoid fever, died and was buried in Pueblo. Conti, Dana, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with two broken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg, had erysipelas, but Is getting bet- ter. Coradina, Joseph, of Starkville, who was admitted to the hospital August 28 on ac- count of a fractured right hand, is improv- ing. Delmar, Frank, of Starkville, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 10 on ac- count of typhoid fever. Is doing well. Donati, F., of Walsen, who was admitted to the hospital September 10 with typhoid fever, is doing well. Dunali, James, of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital July 8 on account of a burned eye, has gone home. Everhart, Cliarles C, of Trinidad, who was admitted to the hospital August 21 on account of conjunctivitis, was discharged August 23 much improved. Fatour, John, of Primero, who was admit- ted to the hospital August 8 on account of a fractured leg, has gone home. Framarme, Frank, of Trinidad, an em- ploye of the Colorado & Wyoming Railway (Southern Division), who entered the hos- pital July 9 and who was being treated for lacerations of his hands, has returned home. Garagliano, Louis, of Berwind, who came to the hospital September 15, was operated upon for tubercular glands on the right side of his neck and is now up and around. Garda, Felix, of Brookside, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account of contused back and legs, is doing all right. Gratt, Josie, of Primero, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 8 on account of a fractured leg, is now walking about. Hawley, Barney, of Anthracite, who was admitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a fractured left clavicle, is doing fairly well. Hegedus, Joseph, of Primero, who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is im- proved and is walking about the yard. Helms, Arthur, of Coalbasin, who came to the hospital September 6, was operated upon by Dr. Marbourg for a fatty tumor on his eye and has returned home. Hunter, Harry, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital in Pueblo September 13 suffering from typhoid fever, is doing well. Jones, Thomas, of Coal Creek, who was admitted to the hospital August 30 on ac- count of a fractured right thigh, Is Improv- ing. Lavas, Peter, of Rockvale, who came to the hospital August 21 on account of a frac- tured left leg, will be up and around soon. Lawrence, Roy, of El Moro, who came to the hospital September 1 suffering with ty- phoid fever, was discharged September 22. McGann, James, of Tercio, who came to the hospital September 13 for amputation of 312 HOSPITAL BULLETIN. the second, third and fourth fingers of his right hand, is getting along nicely. Mclntyre, Samuel, of Walsenburg, who was admitted to the hospital August 23 on account of enteritis, has been discharged. Mankalo, Mike, of Berwlnd, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a double fracture of the right thigh, is doing fairly well. Marola, John, of Spring Gulch, who came to the hospital July 18 because of an In- fected right arm, is slowly improving. Michelich, George, of Coalbasin, who was admitted to the hospital May 3 on account of a fractured leg, has gone to his home in Pueblo. Moora, Dan, of Madrid, New Mexico, who came to the hospital September 10 on ac- count of a corneal ulcer, has been dis- charged. Muschetti, Rocco, of Coal Creek, who came to the hospital September 17 on ac- count of a fracture of the great toe of his right foot, is doing well. Pagnolta, Forte, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25, on account of a contused head, is walking around and doing well. Peden, Richard, of Engle, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 4 on ac- count of lumbago, has been discharged. Perrin, W. G., of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 21 on account of lumbago, is slowly improving. Price, Eli, of Floresta, who was admitted to the hospital August 30 on account of burns on the arms, face and neck, has been discharged, completely recovered. Randle, C. P., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account of a lacerated and contused leg. Injuries which were sustained by him by being caught under a moving train, Is doing nicely. Reballa, Joseph, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital September 19 on account of an abscess on the right side of the lower jaw. Is doing better. Renaldi, Frank, of Rockvale, who was ad mitted to the hospital August 22 on account of a fractured leg, is now up and around. Rinker, C. L., of Berwlnd, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 7 on ac- count of tonsilitis, has been discharged. Rose, Peter, of Coalbasin, who was sent to the hospital July 16 on account of a com- pound fracture of the right arm, has gone home. Rosenbrook, Louis, of Segundo, who was admitted to the hospital September 5 on account of enteritis, has been discharged. Salvin, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 3 on ac- count of a fractured right leg, is doing well Scanlan, Martin, of Segundo, who was sent to the hospital August 6 on account of pleu- risy, is doing very well. Selba, Joe, of Tabasco, who was admitted to the hospital September 1 on account of a bruised foot, has been discharged. Tomsick, Joe, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 14 on ac count of a puncture wound of the left foot is now up and around. Vavra, MalachI, of Brookslde, who was admitted to the hospital July 17, HI with typhoid fever, has gone home. Versailli, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 21 with a lac- erated hand and a sore eye, Is doing well. Wallace, William, of Segundo, who was admitted to the hospital July 5, on account of bruises about the body, caused by falling down a shaft, Is walking around and will go home soon. Watkin, William, of Rockvale, who was ad- mitted to the hospital July 21 with a com- pound fracture of the right leg, is doing well. Statements made In dally morning papers to the effect that Watkin's leg was amputated were Incorrect, as the leg has been saved. He is now walking about and has gone home. Wilson, J. J., of Rockvale, who early In this season played with the Colorado Fuel and Iron team In Pueblo, and who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a fractured left leg, Is doing fairly well. Zambrano, Frank, of Tabasco, who was admitted to the hospital July 26 on account of typhoid fever, had a relapse and was very critically ill for some time, but Is now daily improving. The man who is satisfied with himself Is not very well acquainted with — himself. —Puck. When a man brags about himself you may be sure he can find no one else to do it for him. — Puck. Statue of Moses by Michaelangelo. 314 MINNEQUA WORKS. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY published by the sociological depaetment of The Colokado Fuel and Ieon Company AND devoted to NEWS FEOM THE MINES AND MILLS LAWRENCE LEWIS, . . Editoe OFFICES : Denvee . Boston Building, Room 720 PcEBLO .... Minnequa Hospital Entered at the PostoflSce at Denver, Colo., as second- class mail matter. SuBSCEiPTiON Peice . $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Satdeday, Septembee 27, 1902 NOTICE. Subscribers who wish to have Camp and Plant sent to a new address should give their old address, as well as the new. The editor will not guarantee that the change will be made unless both addresses and the subscRiber's name in full are given. c JE^ NEWTS ITEMS JS^ ) Fred Albrecht, who was formerly a watch- man, is now attending to the distribution books of the floating gangs. E. P. Farley, an employe at the labora- tory, has had the first joint of his left hand thumb amputated because of a felon. J. B. Selsor, switchman on the Colorado & Wyoming, was a visitor at the office Sat- urday. His foot, which was badly mashed some time ago, is getting along very well. Miss Nellie Crowe, daughter of Thomas Crowe, superintendent of the converter and rail mill, went to Chicago last Sunday. She will re-enter the Chicago School of Art. James Graham has resigned his position with the American Bridge Company. The railroad mill and converter has re- sumed operations after a shut down of one week. James Sullivan, who is employed about the electric shears, had his foot seriously injured some time ago, bujt is now doing very well. William McGuire is on a vacation and the electric shears are working only three men. John Glover has returned from his vaca- tion. Keith has taken Alphonse Ohrtman's place as timekeeper for the masons. E. H. Harris is keeping time at the con- verter during the absence of P. G. Hur- ford. J. Wells, craneman at the converter, has gone away for a two weeks' vacation. Joe Rourke, assistant superintendent of the rail mill, left for the East last week for a vacation of two weeks. George Powell, timekeeper for the carpen- ters, spent last Sunday at the Springs. Michael Pordent and John Burhunt have gone to Utah. Edward McCake, timekeeper, was ill for a few days last week. Lee Benson, aged thirty-seven, a negro helper in the gang employed at relining blast furnace "A," shortly before 9 o'clock Sunday evening, September 21, slipped and fell forty feet from a scaffold on which the masons were working and was killed. Death was instantaneous, the unfor- tunate man alighting on his head and side, fracturing his skull and several ribs. Ben- son, who was a steady, industrious man, boarded at the Protho Hotel, and is said to have had a wife in the East. The new Rio Grande station at Bessemer Junction, the shipping point for the Minne- qua Works, is almost completed, and will be occupied shortly. Agent McGinnis and his eight clerks say they will be decidedly glad to change their headquarters from the two box cars that have served them for over a year since the old depot burned down. Bessemer Junction being the shipping point for the Nuckolls Packing Company and the Philadelphia smelter, as well as for the Steel Works, the business done there is greater in volume than at any other station on the Denver & Rio Grande, except Pu- eblo and Denver. MINNEQUA WORKS— BASE BALL— BROOKSIDE. 3J5 At 5 a. m. Tuesday a negro laborer, named Potts, thirty-four years old, was seriously crushed in the elevator shaft of the conver- ter. When the whistle blew to quit work Potts took a short cut by going through the shaft of the elevator that conveys the material to the top of the converter, when the descending cage caught the un- fortunate man and bore him to the ground, breaking his leg, bruising and cutting his face, and seriously injuring him about the back and breast. Base Ball. During the present season twenty-eight regular games have been played, including three games with professional teams. Of these twenty were clean victories. The Colo- rado City nine administered one defeat, and the Old Homesteads of Denver four. All of the rest were won by the C. F. & I. except the three games with professional teams of the Western League — two with Kansas City and one with Colorado Springs. The nine also played several exhibition games not in the regular schedule, with the nines of the Colorado Supply Company, the Minnequa Hospital, etc., which victories are not in- cluded in the statement made above. Great credit is due Manager Alex. Marks and the others, including the players, who made the team a success. The directors and manager desire to extend their thanks to the patrons of baseball for their liberal support this season. The organization is in excellent financial condition and next year the Colorado Fuel and Iron team will be even stronger than this year. C. F. & I., 3; Old Homesteads, 16. Four times this season have the Old Home- steam team of Denver and the C. F. & I. crossed bats, and for the fourth time the home team has met defeat by this nine. The victory of the Old Homesteads is easily explained, they simply out-played the home team, and put up a better game than any aggregation that has been here this year. The magnificent team work of this nine is in marked contrast to the home team, and while individually their players are not any better than those of the C. F. & I., they play together and this alone is half the game. The home team Sunday, September 21, put up the worst game of the season and it looked as though they would not score at all. In the fourth inning. Dr. Powers of the Minnequa Hospital went into the game, and played as the C. F. & I. team used to play, but failed to do Sunday. The doctor's hit- ting and especially his base running were features. Undoubtedly he is the best base runner that has appeared on the grounds this year, and to him is the credit for two of the three scores of Sunday's game. The following is the tabulated score: Old Homesteads. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Good, catcher 6 2 2 7 4 Eichoff, second base 6 2 3 4 11 Berkendohl, short stop 5 113 McGelvery, left field 5 112 11 Ewing, pitcher 6 4 4 1 8 Galgano, third base 4 4 2 2 Mesch, first base 5 1 6 Nehoff, right field 6 2 Roberts, center field 3 1 Totals 46 16 13 27 14 2 C. F. & I. ab. r. lb. po. a. e. Hahn, center field 4 1 2 Spencer, third base... 4 2 1 Derby, left field 4 2 1 Lee, first base 4 1 7 Robson, short stop 4 2 3 12 Cisler, right field 4 1 3 (Powers, catcher 3 2 2 7 (Rounds, catcher 1 1 4 1 Shaw, pitcher 4 115 2 (Mullen, second base 10 12 10 (Graham, second base.... 10 12 Totals 34 3 10 12 27 10 Score by Innings: 123456789 Old Homesteads 01032532 0—16 C. F. & I 000020100—3 Summary: Stolen bases — Eichoff, McGel- very, Galgano 2, Mesch, Hahn, Powers. Two- base hit — Robson. Three-base hits — Eichoff, Ewing, Powers, Shaw. Double play — Mc- Gelvery to Eichoff. Struck out — By Shaw, 12; by Ewing, 4. Hit by pitched ball, Ew- ing, 1; Shaw, 1. Bases on balls — Off Shaw, 5. Wild pitches — Shaw, 2. Passed balls — Rounds, 2; Powers, 2. Umpire, Harris. Scorer, Righter. BROOKSIDE. John Thomas has returned from a two weeks' vacation, which he spent hunting in the hills near Glenwood. He brought back a fine carcass of venison and some grouse. Dr. A. W. Scarlett, of the Minnequa Hos- 316 BROOKSIDE—SOPRIS— SUNRISE. pital staff, accompanied Mr. Thomas on his hunt. They had an enjoyable trip and re- port game abundant. Humphrey Davis, pit boss here, left for Victor September 22, being called there on account of the death of his old friend, John Churchill, a foreman in the Portland mine. Mrs. Katherine Dobrowski, aged twenty- one, died of typhoid fever, September 21, after an illness of three weeks. Her one- month-old baby died of cholera infantum two days before her death. Ralph Rider, suffering from typhoid fever, is reported much better. Mrs. Rummel and Miss Rebecca Kennedy, trained nurses from Canon City, have been employed in Brookside for some time. Mrs. P. Morgan has about recovered from her long illness. Mrs. Martin Bado is recovering from a siege of typhoid fever. Harry Hunter was sent to Minnequa Hos- pital on September 15, suffering from ty- phoid fever. Price Jones and John Bloxhena are off duty, each suffering with a bruised foot. They expect to return to work soon. Charles Anselmo has returned to work after a two weeks' stay at Minnequa Hos- pital occasioned by a dislocated hip. Alonzo Evans received some slight scalp wounds while working in the mine Septem ber 21. Mr. and Mrs. David Richards spent a few days last week at their former home in Colorado Springs. They are now making their home on a fruit ranch in Lincoln Park. Mr. Myers, our butcher at the company store, welcomed a fine boy at his home last week. Mother and baby are doing well. The Boys' Club held a dance at their hall Saturday evening, September 14. All en- joyed a good time. The Italian Lodge held a conclave here on Sunday, September 15. A number of vis- iting lodges were present. F. W. Patchen. assistant mine clerk, has returned from a few days' visit with his parents in Rouse. He also took in the State Fair at Pueblo upon his return. The mine was shut down half a day on Friday the twentieth, on account of scar- city of cars. Miss Martha Holmes is attending high school in Canon City. Dr. Moore of Canon City was over here September 21, in consultation with Dr. Holmes on a case of acute enteritis in an in- fant daughter of Nicola Del Pizzo. The lower grades of the public school re- main very much over-crowded. Some re- lief from the county is anxiously looked for to relieve this condition. P. and S. SOPRIS. Mrs. McGowen of Canta Clara has been visiting her two sisters, Mrs. Allen and Mrs. Gillam. Kindergarten opens next Monday with Miss Milligan as teacher. Miss Milligan taught at Rockvale two years previously. She possesses a charming personality and will doubtless have a very popular school. A very successful Christian Endeavor rally was held at the church Friday even- ing. Colorado & Southern and Denver & Rio Grande officials were in camp in their pri- vate car last week. Dr. Lowery reports the first and only case of typhoid during the summer, a Mexican boy, who is safely on the road to recovery, Mrs. Weeden of Lexington, Missouri, has been visiting her son John at the Central Hotel. Mrs. Wood of Weston is visiting her So- pris hotel friends. D. P. SUNRISE, WYO. Our school openel September 2, with twenty pupils and with Miss Blanche Dough- erty as instructress. ..j < F. L. Henderson, manager of the Colorado Supply Company store here, is on a business trip to Denver and Pueblo. J. W. Haines and family have moved to Denver. Superintendent Gilchrist returned Tues- day of last week from a trip through the company's iron properties in Colorado. C. S. Robinson, general manager of the iron department; R. W. Corwin, M. D., chief surgeon; R. M. Waite, chief clerk to the president, and A. E. Jupp, superinten- dent Laramie rolling mills, made us a short visit. Tuesday, coming in the special car Sunrise. Dr. Corwin, in capacity of superintendent of the Sociological Department, visited the ROUSE— EXCHANGES. 317 recreation hall and school. His short talk to the school was very instructive and, we feel assured, highly appreciated. Mr. Whitney of St. Paul, Minnesota, is vis- iting his son and daughter-in-law, Mr. and Mrs. D. F. Whitney. H. C. L. ROUSE. Mr. Sutton was the guest of friends at Engle Saturday evening. Our mail was considerably delayed Sat- urday and Sunday of last week on account of the washout between here and Pueblo. Julius Schonfeld, the veteran book agent who makes his headquarters at Pueblo, was through here last week. J. E. Keller, division civil engineer for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, has just returned from Buffalo, New York, where he had been called by the illness of his mother. Rev. Hinch of Walsenburg, and Crayton K. Powell of Colorado Springs, state organ- izer of Sunday schools, were here last week. They expect to organize the Sunday school at this place about the first of October. Mrs. James Cregan of Midway, mention of whose illness was made in last week's items, was taken Friday evening to the hospital at Trinidad suffering with typhoid fever. She will be under the care of Dr. T. J. For- han, and her many friends at this place hope for a safe and speedy recovery. The night school will be opened soon and from present indications it will be largely attended. That the citizens of Rouse are interested in their reading room is made manifest by the liberal contributions recently made for the purpose of furnishing it in reading mat- ter. Dr. Chapman's office has recently been remodeled, papered and carpeted, and the doctor now has quarters second to none in Southern Colorado, all of which he certainly deserves. FROM OUR EXCHANGES. A Western Mining Company's Sociological Work. The Outlook for September 20, 1902, has the following to say about the Sociological Department of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company: While the relations of coal miners and their employers in the Bast remain so un- satisfactory as at present, it is pleasant to note the good feeling that exists between employers and employed in a great mining industry in the West. The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company employs some fifteen thousand men in its business of mining coal and iron ore and making them into coke, iron and steel. These men are employed in nearly forty different camps, rolling mills and steel works in Colorado, Wyoming and New Mexico, in places as far as sixteen hundred miles apart. A Sociological De- partment has been formed by the company, which has for its purpose the organization of night schools, kindergartens, circulating and permanent libraries, cooking schools, clubs and musical societies among the sev- enty-five thousand people who comprise the workers and their families. A hospital is maintained by the company at Pueblo, Colo- rado — the location of its principal mill — for the treatment of injured employes, and it is described as being thoroughly equipped with the most modern surgical appliances, and in charge of skillful surgeons and nurses. Dr. R. W. Corwin at their head. * * * "The incurables are not welcome at any hospital," says an officer of the com- pany, "and in view of this fact, and of the •special liability of men employed in heavy muscular work to become disabled in the discharge of their duties, it is hoped to make some provision for such cases." A weekly magazine. Camp and Plant, is published, hav- ing for its object the dissemination of news about the various camps, the promotion of the sociological work, and, in general, the bringing together and unifying of the di- verse groups of workers of this great min- ing enterprise. An indication of the human- izing spirit that characterizes the company's dealings with its employes is found in this sentence from Camp and Plant: "A group of fifty houses in the lower part of the town (Redstone) will shortly be finished and ready for occupation. These cottages will be occupied by the Italians, who are coke or stone workers. They believe that their 3J8 ITALIAN STORY. health will thus be greatly improved. * * * We do not have monotonous rows of boxcar houses with battened walls, painted a dreary- mineral red, but tasteful little cottages in different styles, prettily ornamented, com- fortably arranged internally, and painted in every variety of restful color." The sense of responsibility thus shown by this West- ern mining company in seeking to amelior- ate the condition of its employes and to beautify their surroundings furnishes an ex- ample which Eastern operators might well emulate. While some persons might criti- cise the using of company funds for human- izing purposes, the chairman of the board of directom of the company, Mr. John C. Osgood, declares that he is simply carying out good business principles in promoting the welfare of his employes. "We do not ask credit as philanthropists," he says. "We are aiming to carry out common-sense busi- ness ideas in the conduct of the business." C RISTOFORO COLOMB O Narrazione Storica compilata sulle opere di suo figllo Fernando; di Antonio Gallo, suo contemporaneo e sugli scritti degli storici e critic! posteriori: se- guita da un inno popolare Colonnbiano musicato dal M. GHovanni Basso. XX. BURRASCA UTILE. A quella prima sfuriata ne successe su- bito un' altra, poi un' altra ancora, e le verghe degli algeri tremavano tutte come colpite di corpresa e di spavento, e le vele si sbatacchiavano con un gran fraustuono di tele smosse, e i cordami cigolavano male- dettamente. — Ognuno al suo servizio! grido con voce tonante 1' ammiraglio; ma giS. da ogni sboc- co della nave i marinai ed i mozzi uscivano mezzo assonnati, e gli ufficiali di bordo pre- tendevano i loro posti. Colombo gird gli occhi verso il cielo, e dentro di s6 ringrazid Dio di quella salutare burrasca mandata in cosi buon punto. Capi d' aver scampato un pericolo; e i marinai, fatti ora certi che bisognava lottare con la burrasca, animosamente si gettarono nella battaglia. Quella almeno la conosce- vano; dunque non li accerchiava piu la ter- ribile monotonia dell' ignoto! C erano an- che 11 delle tempeste come nei mari che essi erano soliti di solcare! c' erano i venti c' era contrasto, c' era movimento, c' era la vita! Mentre tutti erano affaccendati a ese- guire con sollecita precisione le manovre, una grottesca figura d' uomo usci di sotto al ponte, con la testa tutta chiusa in un faz- zoletto di cotone, e gestiva come persona che sia colta da un grande spavento. — Ecco qua 1' ebreo a romperci le sca- tole! brontold Inigo. Ed era difatti quel povero Luigi Torres, quel r evreo fatto cristiano di cui in un altro capitolo vi ho tracciato il profilo. Dormiva saporitamente sotto coperta, sognando i mucchi d' oro che venivano a carezzargli ogni notte la fantasia, quando fu svegliato di soprassalto dall' improvvisa bufera. Ten- to rizzarsi in piedi, ma un balzo della nave lo fece ruzzolare come un gomitolo a dieci braccia distante; e a sentire sopra la sua testa quel diavoleto, e quello stropiccio di piedi dei marinai intenti a un' insolita mano- vra sul ponte, credette di capire che si cor- reva pericolo di affogare. — Per la barba dei profeti! mugold atteri- to r illustre shienziato; poi correggendosi: E carpon carpone usci fuori, e al solo mo- strare quella sua faccia contratta dallo spa- vento, i marinai proruppero in una risata. — Mi raccomando a voi! badava a gridare il Torres, spero che penserete a salvare anche me! Ho moglie e figliuoli laggi^ in Ispagna, e non vorrete mica che un povero padre di famiglia muoia annegato in mezzo air Oceano! Sono di came battezzata anch' io come voi! "Came di rinnegato! carne tigliosa!" mormord Inigo che aveva a noia il Torres come il fumo negli occhi. Finalmente con tanto dire lo persuasero a tornarsene sotto il ponte, perch6 li dava fastidio ai marinai, e c' era anche pericolo che un colpo di vento lo scaraventasse nell' acqua .... per fare una galanteria ai pesci (aggiungeva sogghignando il pilota), per- ch6 tocca loro cosi di rado aver da mangiare carne di ebrei fatti cristiani! Spunto il giorno, il vento cessd come per miracolo, e il cielo torn6 ad essere una ITALIAN STORY. 319 sterminata distesa d' azzurro: ma il mare durava fatica a ridiventare tranquillo; fe- nomeno anche questo che non sfuggi all' attenzione del naviganti. Chi sa? quel mis- terioso Oceano doveva essere cosi smisu- rato, che i segnl della burrasca vi perdu- ravano anche dopo che la burrasca era ces- sata; e le tre navi, ora un po' piu distanti r una dair altra, secondo che avevano mag- giori o minori forze da opporre ai cavalloni, continuavano quella loro danza un- po' sca- pigliata. Ma pareva che tutto congiurasse perchg le immaginazioni fossero sempre colpite da circostanze straordinarie. Infatti verso sera, improvvisamente, come al cenno di comando di qualche invisibile delta, 11 mare di punto in bianco si calmo, e fin dove 1' occhio poteva andare, una qui- ete solenne, silenziosa imponente si duffuse su tutte le acque. Caddero lungo le anten- ne le vele, come persone che si accascino prostrate per una immane fatica; e le ban- deruole e le orifiamme, che sventolavano poc' anzi in vetta agli alberi, non ebbero piu che r ondeggiamento leggiero impresso loro dal lento cammino delle navi. Cosi queste poterono di nuovo accostarsi. e proceder di conserva. Si scambiarono ra- pide osservazioni fra i tre comandanti col mezzo del portavoce, e prima che il giorno finisse di nuovo si levo la brezza, e di nuovo torno a soffiare quel vento di levante che dava tanta noia ai marinai, e che era invece la grande speranza di Colombo. XXI. NUOVE SPERANZE E NUOVE LOTTE. S' era allora al 25 di settembre. II sole, in tutta la magnificenza e in tutta la pompa del suoi raggi, scendeva luminoso a tuffarsi nelle onde: e strani fremiti pareva corressero sulla superficie immensa, e rapidi guizzi di pesci dalle squame argentee, e qual- che uccello che passava veloce come saetta, e un non so che nell' aria e un presentimento confuso, e un' aspettativa irrequieta in tut- ti . . . . insomma si sarebbe detto che le navi erano a tocco e non tocco di qualche strep- itosa novita. Meditabondo ma sempre sereno, 1' am- miraglio passeggiava sul ponte, ne piu aveva fatto parola con i marinai che la notte in- nanzi minacciavano quasi la rivolta. Ordi- nd bensi al pilota Inigo che andasse a pren- dergli nella cabina una certa carta dove era solito punteggiare giorno per giorno il cam- mino fatto. Stando sosi all' aperto per profittare di quel limpido crepuscolo vespertine, mentre gli ufficiali di bordo gli si schieravano rispet- tosi in cerchio per far tesoro delle osserva- zioni del loro capo, furono bruscamente in- terrotti da un forte ripetuto grido che par- tiva dalla Pinta, veleggiante a breve dis- tanza. Colombo alzo vivamente la testa e impal- lidi, perchg aveva compreso quel grido: ac- cenno quasi a barcollare, afferrando con la m'ano il braccio di Luigi Torres che gli era vicino. Gli altri, attoniti e trepidanti, si voltarono dalla parte dove il grido aveva echeggiato, e videro suU' albero maestro della Pinta salire velocissima una bandiera, e spiegare al vento i bei colori di Spagna; poi sentirono ripetere ancora quel grido, quella parola, e riconobbero la voce del capi- tano Martino Alonzo che gridava: terra! terra! Un urlo tonante, uno scoppio di voci entu- siastiche echeggio dalle tre navi: e Colombo, a cui r emozione troncava le parole nella gola, cadde in ginocchio sul ponte, e con gli occhi rivolti al ciolo pianse le sue prime lagi'ime di gioia. Fu una scena indescrivibile: si vedevano i marinai della Pinta inginocchiati, con le braccia alzate, e si sentivano distintamente cantare il Gloria in excelsis Deo: i marinai deir altra nave la Nina si arrampicavano come scoiattoli sulle verghe degli alberi, salivano in vetta ai cordami, e gesticolando come pazzi gridavano di vedere anch' essi la terra. Intanto tutto 1' equipaggio della nave am- miraglia s' era rovesciato attorno a Colom- bo, e quasi lo soffocavano per potergli baci- are le mani, le vesti, i capelli. Spettacolo indimenticabile per coloro che vi assistet- tero; degno premio a tante sofferenze durate a tanti dubbi angosciosi, a tanti rancori sof- focati. Esclamazioni di giubilo proruppero d' ogni parte; e quelli che si sentivano pid colpevoli d' intolleranza e d' indisciplina gettatisi ai piedi di Colombo, implorarono piangendo il suo perdono. Ci furono per- flno marinai che, vinti dall' impazienza, si buttarono in mare, non calcolando che la terra sarebbe stata ancora cosi distante da rendere impossibile a chiunque di raggiun- gerla a nuoto. Qual notte passarono gli equipaggi, sulle 320 ITALIAN STORY. navi rimaste in panna per ordine del co- mandante supremo, e piu facile immaginare che dire: ma chi potrebbe dipingere la do- lorosa, la terribile sorpresa del giorno se- guente, quando al sorgere del sole non vi- dero piii alcun segno di terra? Che era stato dunque? Bisogna pur dirlo, per quanto anche i lettori debbano ormai partecipare all' impazienza di quel poveri marinai. La famosa terra annunziata da Martino Alonzo non era che un gruppo di nuvole, a cui 11 tramonto avea dato singolari apparenze d' isole e di continents Dissa- patosi nella notte, aveva portato con s6 quell' ultima e tremenda illusione. Dapper- tutto dove gli occhi si voltavano, non si vedeva che acqua e cielo, cielo e acqua. L' abbattimento fu tale, che manco ai marinai perfino 1' energia della ribellione. Alia voce ferma e sicura dall' ammiraglio, che facea di tutto per nascondere la terri- bile battaglia di sentimenti che lo agitavano, risposero obbedienti e silenziosi eseguendo le manovre. Lo stesso Inigo non ebbe forza di reagire. Ma piu avvilito di tutti, rincantucciato in un angolo presso il timone, il povero Torres piangeva in silenzio, e dentro di s6 si dette per spacciato. L' Oceano aveva di nuovo spianato la sua superficie; un sole senza nubi vi si riper- cuoteva come in uno specchio; fiotti carez- zanti coronavano i navigli di una schiuma leggera. I delfini piu numerosi fluttuavano ne' solchi lasciati dalla poppa; mare e cielo parevano popolati; i pesci slancivansi e ri- cadevano sull' acque; tutto veniva in aiuto di Colombo, e infondeva ne' marinai rina- scenti speranze, le quali, una dopo 1' altra, con varia vicenda, intrattenevali in que' lunghissimi giorni. Colombo, pur esso ingannato sull' immen- sity di quelle spazio, del quale da molto cre- deva aggiunger si dovesseri i limiti, abban- dono la strada ideata e segnata suUe sue carte, e segui due giorni e due notti il volo degli uccelli, piloti celesti che la Provvidenza forse gli inviava nel momento in cui la dot- trina veniva meno. Quegli uccelli, diceva esso, non si dirigerebbero verso quel punto deir orizzonte, se una riva non vedessero e cogli occhi o coir istinto. Ma an che gli uccelli, quasi cologati coll' oceano e cogli astri, parevano farsi giuoco delle navi e dell' equipaggio invano sper- ante in quell' ultima prova. Sulla fine d' un altro giorno, i piloti, salendo suir ultime sarte, nell' ora in cui il sole tramontando schiude davanti agli occhi piu ampio orizzonte, con grande meraviglia ei lo videro tuffarsi in quelle acque medesime da cui per tante aurore era sorto. E quello basts : 1' equipaggio credette all' infinite, delle acque. La disperazione che vinto lo aveva, mutossi in sordo furore. Qual ob- bligo piu trattenevali ad un nomo il quale ingannato o ingannatore, sorpresa la confl- denza de' sovrani, poneva a sicura morte tutti loro? Piu oltre seguirlo non era as- sociarsi al suo delitto? L' obbedienza non terminava IS, ove finiva il mondo? Altra speranza non v' era, se pur v' era, che di rivolger le prove inverso 1' Europa, lottare coi venti, complici dell' ammiraglio, e in- oatenare Colombo all' albero del suo navig- lio, perche fosse oggetto della maledizione del moribondi, se conveniva morire, o della vendetta di Spagna, se mai il Cielo permet- teva loro di toccare il suolo della patria. Codesti lament! e propositi, insensati ad un modo, gia prenrevano corpo; quando 1' intrepido ammiraglio mostrossi, e solo del suo sguardo, del suo severo aspetto contenne la furia dell' equapaggio. Contro i sediziosi egli invoco 1' autorita ond' era dai sovrani investito, sacra pel sudditi. II Cielo medesimo chiamo a decidere fra essi e lui. Non si piego, non impallidi: of- ferse la vita in pegno delle sue promesse; chiese loro soltanto tre giorni, e dopo rxpren- derebbero la via dell' Europa; giurd che se entro tre giorni non vedessero terra di buon grado ricondurrebbeli verso la patria; giur6 e fu creduto. Gli indizi percursori di vicine isole e continenti erano tali, che Colombo non poteva dubitare esser la terra a poca distanza, e mendicando quei tre giorni dall' ignoranza e dalla paura dell' equipaggio, avea la speranza e quasi la certezza di sal- vare la causa per cui combatteva. Asseg- nando quel termine, quasi metteva alia pro- va il buon Dio, e in lui fidava piu che altro. Gli uomini concessero questi tre giorni, e Dio non lo puni di aver troppo sperato. (Continua ) Where yet was ever found a mother Who'd give her booby for another. -Gay. Marriage rightly understood, Gives to the tender and good A paradise below. — Cotton. Volume II SATURDAY, OCTOBER 4, 1902 Number 14 / *^ StccI Works = ln = Old Times RESUME OF THE HISTORY OF MINNEQUA WORKS. The First Furnace Blown in September^ I88J— The Second in November^ 1889 — First Steel Made April, l&5t — Early Superintendents — Later Chang^es of Management — the Pres- ent Enlargaments and Improvements. « J HOSE who were acquainted with the old Bessemer Steel Works in 1890 would have difficulty in recognizing the enormous Minnequa plant of to-day as the outgrowth of that which they knew. Even those who knew the works in 1899 would have difficulty in finding their way about in the plant as it now is. The view on page 322 of the old Bessemer Works of the Colorado Coal and Iron Company in 1890, and that on page 324 of the plant ten years later, are interesting by way of comparison with those on pages 323 and 332-333 of parts of the Minnequa Works a few months ago. In the old days there was no fence about the plant, and everyone was free to wander about the mill. Among people who have lived in Pueblo for years and have not vis- ited the works since they were enclosed and the present strict regulations concern- ing visitors were put in force there is but little real appreciation of the magnitude of this plant, which will soon give employment to 10,000 men. The New Improvements. Extensive improvements had been under consideration for some time, but it was not until about the beginning of the year 1900 that work was begun on designs, and a little later the work of constructing a new blast furnace (Furnace A) was begun. Previous to this time, however, during the fall of 1899, work had been started on entirely new shops, the completion of which has given the plant one of the most extensive shop systems of any steel works in the country, consisting of machine shop, boiler shop, smith shop, roll shop and pattern and car- penter shops, while at the present time the construction of a large new foundry is well under way. The above work was well on toward com- pletion when other very extensive new ad- ditions were decided upon, consisting of the following: New blast furnaces, Bessemer steel works, addition and improvements to the original rail department (making, when completed, practically a new rail mill throughout), open hearth department, mer- chant mill and rod mill plants, consisting of a 40-inch reversing blooming mill, 24-inch bar mills, 12 and 14 inch merchant mills, twin hoop or cotton tie mills, double rod mills, tin plate and sheet mills, wire mill, plate mill, electric power plant, pumping plant and complete new water supply sys- tem, new yards and track system. The new buildings are entirely of steel construction and generally lined with brick. Early History of the Works. Among newcomers, on the other hand, there is quite profound ignorance concern- ing the history of the plant, and the men who were in charge in the early days. The following sketch was prepared by one who has been in the employ of the Colorado Coal and Iron Company and the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company since 1881: 322 THE BESSEMER WORKS IN 1890. MINNEQUA WORKS FROM SOUTH. 323 324 THE BESSEMER WORKS IN JANUARY, 1900. * a:= E -2 STEEL WORKS IN OLD TIMES. 325 First Furnace Blown in September, 1881. What is now Furnace "C" at the Minnequa Works, which was then called the "Betsy" furnace and later No. 1, a 17x75 foot furnace, was blown in at the then Bessemer Works of the Colorado Coal and Iron Company, September 9, 1881. The foundry and the machine, carpenter and pattern shop were the only other structures then standing on the site of the now Minnequa Works, which was at that time far out on a desolate cac- tus-strewn waste, over two miles from any well settled part of Pueblo. When the blast furnace was blown in, the converting works, blooming mill and rail mill were being built. First Steel Made in Converter April, 1882. Some eight months after the "Betsy" fur- nace was blown in, that is, April 7, 1882, the first steel was made in the converter. About this time they started to build the puddle mill, nail plate and nail mills. The present twelve-inch mill is on the site of the old puddle mill, the twenty-inch mill where the plate mill used to be, and the bolt mill in the nail mill building. These started opera- tions in 1883. Merchant Mill Established in 1884. At that time there was no merchant mill in Pueblo, this class of iron being turned out at the Denver Rolling Mill. In 1884, a merchant mill was established at Bessemer. Early Superintendents. A Mr. Constable was first superintendent, but D. N. Jones came from Johnstown, Penn- sylvania, to Bessemer as general superinten- dent in April, 1881, and remained in that po- sition until December, 1888, when he died. For several months after this there was no superintendent at the works. In the spring of 1889, Reese James, of Johnstown, Pennsylvania, who had been as- sistant superintendent to D. N. Jones, was acting superintendent. In the late summer of 1889 J. B. Nau came out from New York City and was made superintendent, which position he held until the summer of 1890. Second Furnace Blown In November, 1889. In November, 1889, the second blast fur- nace, called the "Mary" furnace, and after- wards Furnace No. 2, was blown in. This occupied the sites between the present blast furnaces "C" and "D," and was torn down over a year ago. The big new blast furnace "A" was blown in in August, 1901. Later Changes in Management. S. S. Murphy, who came out from Phila- delphia to build the . pipe foundry, was in charge of the works for three months after the resignation of Mr. Nau, and until Inde- pendence Grove of Youngstown, Ohio, came to Bessemer as superintendent. Mr. Grove was succeeded in 1892, after the consolida- tion of the Colorado Coal and Iron Company with the Colorado Fuel Company to form the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, by T. W. Robinson of Milwaukee. Mr. Robinson left in April, 1899, to assume charge of the works of the Illinois Steel plant at Joliet, Illinois. He is now first vice president of the Illinois Steel Company. T. W. Robinson was succeeded in his position of general su- perintendent of the Bessemer Works by his brother, C. S. Robinson, formerly assistant superintendent. In January, 1900, C. S. Robinson was ap- pointed manager of the iron and steel de- partment and was transferred to Denver. J. B. McKennan was made general superin- tendent of the works at Bessemer. R. H. Lee, who had been in charge of the blast fur- naces since June 1, 1899, was thereupon made assistant general superintendent. In August, 1901, C. S. Robinson was made gen- eral manager of the iron and steel depart- ments of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany, being placed in general charge not only of the steel works, but of the iron mines also. The name of the plant at Pu- eblo was changed from "The Bessemer Works" to "The Minnequa Works." J. B. McKennan was appointed to the then cre- ated position of manager of the Minnequa Works, and R. H. Lee, formerly assistant general superintendent, was made general superintendent. January 10, 1902, however, at the earnest solicitation of the manage- ment, Mr. Lee resumed the position of su- perintendent of blast furnaces, of which he had been in charge since November 1, 1901, when F. L. Grammer resigned. E. G. Rust, formerly chief engineer, was then appointed general superintendent to succeed Mr. Lee. Mr. Rust resigned this position in August, 1902, and went to Philadelphia to open an office as consulting engineer. Blast Furnace Superintendents. The first blast furnace was built by Mr. Crowthers, who remained in charge of this department for about a year, when he re- turned to the East and died there. W. J. Ripley, his assistant, was put in charge of this department, of which he was superin- tendent until December, 1892, when C. S. 326 STEEL WORKS IN OLD Tl IV! ES— SLAVONIC DEPARTMENT. Robinson was appointed at the time that T. W. Robinson had been made general super- intendent of the works. During the winter of 1898 and 1899, Fred Harnden was super- intendent of the blast furnaces. J. B. McKennan was in charge of the fur- naces for a time in the spring of 1899. June 1, 1899, R. H. Lee of Lewistown, Pennsyl- vania, was appointed to this position. Mr. Lee remained in charge until January, 1900, when he was appointed assistant general superintendent. J. C. Cambier was then ap- pointed superintendent of furnaces and re- mained in charge until May 15, 1901, when he was appointed chief chemist. F. L. Gram- mer was made blast furnace superintendent, which position he resigned November 1, 1901. R. H. Lee, general superintendent, was then in temporary charge of the fur- naces until January 10, 1902, when, as noted above, Mr. Lee reassumed his position of superintendent of blast furnaces, being suc- ceeded in his position of general superin- tendent by B. G. Rust, formerly chief en- gineer. Rail Mill and Iron and Steel Department. The rail mill was first in charge of George Tatnell, son of "Bill" Tatnell. The Iron and Steel Department was, however, in charge of Reese James. The first steel blower at the converter was James Edwards. Pipe Foundry and Casting Foundry. The pipe foundry was established in 1891, being built by S. S. Murphy. "William Stein- ruck was superintendent. The casting foun- dry was built in 1880 by L. J. Taylor, then master mechanic. Plate Mill, Nail Mill and Puddling Mill Be- gan Operations the Next Year. In 1882 the nail mill and puddling mill were built, and began operations the next year. Bill Tatnell of Pittsburg was in charge. The puddling furnace was taken out in 1894 and the last nails made in the fall of 1888. The nail mill lay idle until 1895, when the bolt and nut mill was estab- lished in the building formerly occupied by the nail mill. The plate mill, which fur- nished raw material for the nails, was dis- mantled. ^laDBHsko J0bJBliBnJ£. m Never put off till to-morrow what you can get some one else to do to-day. — Ohio State Journal. Tovarna Za Jeklo v Minnequa, Pueblo. [BD najvecjimi in najvaznejemi podjetji, obstanek katerih vzdrzuje mesto Pu- eblo, so pac tovarne za izdelovanje jekla V Minnequa. Te velikanske tovarne so lastnina "Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany." Vmestu Pueblo zivi petdeset tisuc prebi- val: cev in ono lezi v sredisci "county" all okraja istega imena, kateri okraj je v juznem delu drzave Colorado. Vmestu Pueblo se krizajo proge sledecih zeleznic: Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific, Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe, Missouri Pacific, Denver & Rio Grande in Colorado & Southern. Okolica mesta Pueblo je precej obdelana in je tudi rodovitna, kjer se more po vodo- vodih namociti. Kmetijstvo pa ni pomagalo mestu se na sedanjo stopinjo vspeti. To se je zgodilo vsled topljenja rudovin in obrtnij, katere so se ustanovile na tej podlagi. Na skrajnem juznem delu mesta, na kraju kateri se je prej imenoval Bessemer, se dvigajo poslopja in dimniki tovarn za Izdel- ovanje jekla. Ko je leta 1881, drustvo "Colorado Coal and Iron Company" zacela to podjetje, imenovali so se "Bessemer Works." Se le pred letom dni se je to imc spremenilo v "Minnequa Works." Odkar je "Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany" prevzela to podjetje, se je ono jako proveksalo in zboljsa: lo in bas ravno sedaj se veliko stevilo miljonov do: larjev v to sorho izdava. V sledecem hocemo le v kratkem oplsati kaka nova poveksevanja se gode. Sedaj se ruda topi v treh plavzih (Blast Furnaces). Jeden, imenovan "A," izliva vsaki dan 400 ton (vsaka 20 centov) surovega 2eleza; plav- za, imenovana "B" in "C", dajeta vsaki dan 250, oziroma 200 ton. Sedaj pa se zidata se dva nova plavza, vsak katerih bo na dan dajal 400 ton surovega zeleza. Plav2, imeno- van "D" bo izgotovljen meseca decembra 1902; plavz "B" pa se bo prvikrat zakuril meseca aprila 1903. Predenj bodo novi plavzi zaceli delovati in br^kone, vze meseca februarja 1903, se bo pridelovalna moc od- delka, kjer so zelezo spreobraca v jeklo (Converter), pomnozila. Sedan je doticane posodbe, obsegajoce vsaka feedaj pet ton, bodo poveksane vsaka na deset ton. Tov- arna za sine (Rail Mill) bo tako zveksana. SLAVONIC DEPARTMENT. 327 da bo mogla vsakl dan 1200 ton jekla spre- obrniti v sine. Dalje se sedaj prav pridno dela na novih "odprtih ognjiscih" (Open Hearths), kjer se bo po novem nacinu zelezo V jeklo tvorilo. Da se bo jeklo, pridelano v teh "odprtih ognjiscih"- dalje izdeljevalo, se bo pet novih stavb za valjanje jekla zidalo. V teh valjavnicah (Rolling Mills) se bo tisuc ton jekla na dan porabilo. Nacriti za novo tovarno, kjer se bodo izdelovali zelezni in jekleni deli za zgradbe (Structural iron and steel shop), so vze tudi izdelani, tako, da se bo stavljenje poslopij moglo kmalo priceti. Nova tovarna za zice in zeblje je dokoncana in delo se bo vsaki dan zacelo. Ta edina tovarna bo dajala delo 2500 mozem, ter bo na leto do tristo tisuc ton zice in zebljev izdelovala. Tovarna za jeklene plosce, 72 placev siroke in vsake debelosti pod poldru- gim palcom se bodo v njej iz: delovale, bo v kratkem tudi izdelana in v njej bo 100 del- avcev vposlovanih. Druga tovarna za iz- delovanje cinastih plosc bo tudi kmalo do- vrsena in bo dajala delo 700 moskim in zenskim. Nova livarna, blizoca se izvrsenji, bo vlivala vsaki dan 100 ton seleza in jekla V vazne oblike. Ko bodo vse te, do sedaj navedena dela dovrsene — kar se bo v teku 18. do 24. mese- cev zgodilo — bodo tovarne v Minnequa de- set de dvanajst tisuc delavcev vposlovale. Podvrstene zgradbe. Da se velikanske tovarniske naprave pres- krbijo s potrebno vodo, se je dvoje nabira- lisc za vodo izkopalo. Eno se zove Lake (jezero) Minnequa ali "Reservoir No. 1, koncano je bilo vze pred 12. leti. "Reservoir No.. 2" je bil pozneje izvrsen, sedaj pa se koplje in zajezuje "Reservoir No. 3." Se druge tovarne odvisne od velikih jek- lenih, se bodo gradile v blizini Minnequa. Do sedaj je samo jedna koncana in to je tovarna za izdelovanje jeklenih koles in vo- zov. Lastnina je ta tovarna "Steel Wheel and Wagon Company." Predsednik jej je g. William H. Schofield. Stavbe zavzema- jo deset agrov, ter se na zapadu in jugu dotikajo zemljisc jeklarne. Zlavno poslopje je go cevljev siroko in 300 dolgo; izdelalo se bo pet itsuc jeklenih vozov na leto in rav- no toliksno stevilo manjsih vozov za rudo, premog i. t. d. V tej tovarni dela sedaj 200 moz. Stavbensko drustvo. *ro drustvo se imenuje "The Minnequa Town Company." Ono poseda sirna zem- Ijisca na jugu in zapadu jeklenih tovam. To drustvo sedaj zida veliko §tevilo hl§, ob- segajocih cetvero do desetero sob. Te zem- Ijisca leze nad jezerom Minnequa, so zase- jane s travo in nasajene z drevjem. Jedan tisuc his hoce stavbensko druStvo na temu prostornemu zemljiscu zgraditi, da bode moglo, 7000 novih delaucev, katere bo jek- larna v bliznji bodocnosti potrebovala, naj- deti stanovanje. Hise ne bodo samo povsem moderno opravljene, temvec bodo tudi licnega zunanja. Nacrta za dva hotela na teh zemljiscih sta gotova. Jeden bo prve vrste, ter bo imel 50 sob za potovalce; drug! pa bo obsegal 200 sob in bode seneje vrste. Bolnisnica v Minnequa. Glavna bolnisnica zdravniskega odseka jeklarnega drustva je v Pueblo. Nova bol- nisnica V Minnequa, katera se je meseca av- gusta odprla, lezi blizo jezera in nasadev v Minnequa. Sociological Department. Drustvo za zboljsanje druzabnih odnosajev delavcev. Temu drustvu predseduje gosp doktor R. W. Corwin, kot pristav pa sodeluje znjim g. Harold J. Wilson. Glavni stanak drustva je V Pueblo. To drustvo ima v svojem delokrogu vse, kar se tice izobrazevalnih in zdravstvenih odnosajev delavcev, vsluzbenih pri jeklarni in sploh dela na to, da se delavci postavijo na visjo stopinjo dusevno in gmotno. Still In Embryo. An English paper tells a story of some children's theatricals. A party of children were giving a little drama of their own, in which courtships and weddings played a leading part in the plot. While the play was in progress one of the "grown-ups" went behind the scenes and found a very small girl sitting in a corner. "Why are you left out?" he asked. "Aren't you playing, too?" "Oh, I'se not left out," came the reply. "I'se the baby waiting to be bomed." A Nice Question. A wee boy, waiting in a city railway station, decided to put his remaining penny in the slot and get weighed. With much deliberation, and much help from his mother, this was accomplished. Seated again, he asked loudly, "Mother, how much M'ould I have weighed if I had put in a dollar?" 328 EMERGENCY TREATMENT— HINTS ON HYGIENE. (^^^^f^ffital^upmuyifaformaflon EMER.GEXCY TR-CATMCNT X. Respirations. Respiration, or breathing, is the process by which oxygen is carried from the air to the blood and carbon dioxide and other waste products are given up from the body to the air. The apparatus for transmitting air to the lungs includes the mouth, nose, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes and air cells or vesicles. The Larynx and Vocal Cords. The larynx, which causes the prominence known as "Adam's Apple," contains two pairs of fibrous bands. The lower of these pairs is of great importance, as they may be stretched or loosened, thus allowing the passage through the larynx to become nar- row or wide. When the air passes through this opening the bands or vocal cords vi- brate and give rise to the sounds of our voices. Stretching and loosening the bands produce the change of note we have in sing- ing. The Epiglottis, the Trachea (or Windpipe) and the Bronchi (or Bronchial Tubes). When we swallow, a leaf-shaped piece of cartilage, the epiglottis, fits over the larynx and prevents food from entering the tra- chea. The trachea, or "windpipe," extends from the larynx to the root of the lungs. Here two branches are given off — one to each lung. The trachea is lined with mu- cous membrane similar to that in the mouth, but with this peculiarity — it is covered with very small, hair-like processes. These pro- cesses wave toward the mouth, thereby re- moving any dust which may lodge upon the walls of the trachea. The main divisions of the trachea soon subdivide into numerous branches within the lungs. When these be- come inflamed we suffer from bronchitis or "cold on the lungs." The Lungs and Their Coverings, the Pleura. The lungs are two cone-shaped organs which extend about an inch above the collar bones. Below they rest upon the diaphragm. Each lung is covered by a closed sac, the pleura — one layer covering the lung and the other lining the chest wall. Within this sac there is a little fluid which lubricates the pleura during the movements of the lung. So long as the surfaces are smooth, we are unconscious of any friction, but should they become inflamed, the rough surfaces cause the agonizing pain we call pleurisy. The Bronchi and Vesicles, or Air Cells. The bronchi, or divisions of the trachea, finally end in the air cells, or vesicles. If spread out, these air cells would cover about 600 square feet, so you see how much air comes in contact with the inside of our lungs during every breath. How We Breathe. Inspiration, or breathing in, is brought about by the descent of the dome-shaped diaphragm and by the elevation of the ribs. Expiration, or expulsion of air from the lungs, is effected by the descent of the ribs and elevation of the diaphragm. In addi- tion the muscles of the chest aid in deep breathing, as may be seen in cases of "air hunger in heart or lung diseases," when a patient sits up in bed to get sufiicient air — that is, gets in a position best suited for the muscles of the chest to aid in breathing. HINTS ON HYGIENE. X. Household Hygiene. In this division of the subject we shall treat more especially the hygiene of the home, and point out the best means to use in securing health and comfort in the fam- ily. So often it happens that with the in- crease in the size of the family and the ad- vent of small children, the ratio of increase in sickness is at once apparent, and the doc- tor's bills become an important item in the poor man's expense account. This cannot be entirely accounted for in the special susceptibility of children to disease, but is largely owing to their habits. HINTS ON HYGIENE— DOMESTIC SCIENCE— SOCIAL SCIENCE. 329 Dirt Is not Healthful. Mothers console themselves with the thought that "dirt is healthful" and allow their children, after playing all day In the streets, wallowing in the dirt and making mud pies, to come to the dinner table un- washed and unkempt; carrying the germs from the street and sewer directly into their mouths from unwashed fingers, and con- taminating the various articles of food for the other members of the family. Why should they say "dirt is healthful"? Surely not because there is anything in dirt itself to make it so. Distinctly the reverse. But the advantage lies in the fact that these children get out in the open air and sun- shine, take plenty of exercise, fill their lungs to their utmost capacity, and are happy. I would by no means advocate a change in these habits, but much can be done in im- proving the scene of operation, and in caus- ing these children to present a more cleanly appearance at table. What Can We Do to Improve the Site and Surroundings of Our Home? In the next paper we shall devote consid- erable space to a discussion of what should be done concerning the site and surround- ings of our homes. We cannot all be choos ers, but we can all be improvers. DOMESTIC .SCIENCE IX. Household Drinks. The average man requires from fifty to sixty ounces of water as a beverage every twenty-four hours, besides twenty-five ounces taken as an ingredient of solid food, making a total of from seventy-five to eighty-five ounces every day. One of the greatest mis- takes of the present day is a neglect to take enough water into the system. Milk. Next to pure water, pure milk should be preferred. The milk of several animals, such as goats, cows, mares and camels, may be used for drink and food, but, in this country, cows' milk is almost the only sort available, or, at least, ever used. Milk dif- fers in variety slightly as to taste, color and odor, but all sorts of milk contain the necessary elements to sustain life. An in- fant will live on milk as a complete food until he is from sixteen to twenty-two months old. An adult will live comfort- ably on milk for many months — and for this reason milk ranks not only as a bever- age, but also as a solid food, and should be introduced into all ordinary diets. A pint of milk may be calculated as approximately equal to six ounces of beef. SOCIAL SCIENCE IX. We shall attempt in the ensuing article to suggest a number of subjects immortalized by sculptors, plaster of paris reproductions of which are not only suitable for household decoration, but are also purchasable at most reasonable cost. But first let us look at the cuts. Head of Hermes. The Greeks were very fond of their god Hermes. He was the herald or messenger of Zeus who was ruler of all the gods. Hermes was also the patron god of commerce, of In- vention and of adventure. He was not too grand to be companionable, like the awe- inspiring Zeus, or the haughty Apollo. The Greeks thought of him as a kind, gentle being whose light-hearted ways and easy good nature made him a general favorite. In this statue of him he is leaning against a tree trunk, holding on his left arm the infant Bacchus. Hermes is not, however, looking at the child, but gazes dreamily be- fore him, his head bent in the thoughtful pose which we see. The features are cut with typical Greek regularity, but the coun- tenance has besides its own individual charm. The face wins at once with its gen- tle amiab'lity. It is tender and playful and withal exquisitely refined and courteous. What a deferential listener is suggested in the pose of that head! This statue is the work of the great Greek sculptor, Praxiteles, and is typical of all Greek sculpture. The most striking char- acteristics of Greek art are the qualities of repose, simplicity, faultless regularity of profile and unfailing gracefulness and per- fection of pose. Le Nid (The Nest) — Croissy. This exquisite piece of French sculpture is in some respects the exact opposite of the statue just described. Classical sculp- ture has very little of what we may call sentiment, while modern sculpture allows itself greater liberties in this direction. One can see at first glance why this piece of work is called Le Nid, or The Nest. What could be more like little fledgelings in their nest than these innocent little babes in the big old chair, their arms and legs completely relaxed in sleep, and their whole attitudes expressive of rest and contentment 330 SOCIAL SCIENCE. Le Nid (The Nest) by Croissy. SOCIAL SCIENCE— HOSPITAL BULLETIN. A Suggestive List of Subjects in Statuary. Hermes (Praxiteles), Apollo Belvedere, The Dying Gaul, Venus de Mile, The Nile Reposing, Laocoon, Head of Niobe, The Trumpeters (Luca della Robbia), Singing Boys (Luca della Robbia), Le Nid (Croissy), David (Michelangelo), Moses (Michel- angelo), Equestrian Statue of Colleonl at Venice (Verrocchio), Lion (M. Barye), Ti- ger (M. Barye), Bust of Washington (Hou- don). Perhaps we should add to this list casts of Franklin, Lincoln, Longfellow, Bryant and other noted Americans, and also of Shakes- peare, Cromwell, Napoleon, Gladstone, Ten- nyson and Browning. From time to time Camp and Plant will reproduce photographs of works of art. Any of our readers who wish to secure informa- tion as to where and at what cost they can secure reproductions of works of art should address the editor. All inquiries will be carefully answered. Aker, Dominick, of Berwind, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 12, on account of typhoid fever, has gone home. Alexander, Robert, of Walsenburg, who was sent to the hospital May 16 because of an abscess on the stump of an amputated leg, and who was again operated upon on June 10, has gone home. Arnijio, B., of El Moro, who was admitted to the hospital August 2 with a contused right ankle, is some better. Barteck, Steve, of Starkville, who was admitted to the hospital September 8 on ac- count of typhoid fever, is holding his own. Beloti, Joe, of Brookside, who came to the hospital September 13 suffering with typhoid fever, is doing well and is up and around. Berra, Baptista, of Tercio, who was sent to the hospital September 3 on account of typhoid fever, is improving. Brown, William, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July 16 with a fractured right tibia and left femur, is walking about on crutches. Calangle, Parie, of Segundo, who came to the hospital September 6 with a fractured left scapula, is improving. 33f Castile, James, an employe of the Colo rado & Wyoming Railway (Southern di- vision), of Trinidad, who came to the hos- pital September 4, suffering with typhoid fever, has gone home. Chappetti, Pete, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerrillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 with a hepatic abscess (abscess of the liver), was operated upon July 5, is getting better and is now walking around. Conti, Dana, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with two broken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg, and had erysipelas, but is getting better. Coradina, Joseph, of Starkville, who was admitted to the hospital August 28 on ac- count of a fractured right hand, is improv- ing. Degano, Charles, of Tabasco, who was. ad- mitted to the hospital September 25 on ac- count of typhoid fever, is quite ill. Delmar, Frank, of Starkville, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 10 on ac- count of typhoid fever, had a relapse, but is again better. Donati, F., of Walsen, who was admitted to the hospital September 10 with typhoid fever, is now up. Garagliano, Louis, of Berwind, who came to the hospital September 15, was operated upon for tubercular glands on the right side of his neck and is better. Garda, Felix, of Brookside, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account of contused back and legs, has gone home. Gratt, Josie, of Primero, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 8 on account of a fractured leg, is now walking about. Han ley, Barney, of Anthracite, who was admitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a fractured left clavicle, is doing fairly well. Hegedus, Joseph, of Primero, who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is Im- proved and is walking about the yard. Hunter, Harry, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital in Pueblo September 13 suffering from typhoid fever, is getting better. Jones, Thomas, of Coal Creek, who was admitted to the hospital August 30 on ac- count of a fractured right thigh, is up on crutches this week walking around. Extreme North End of Minnequa Works fr< f Colorado Supply Co. Store, May, 1902. 334 HOSPITAL BULLETIN. Lavas, Peter, of Rockvale, who came to the hospital August 21 on account of a frac- tured left leg, is walking around now. McGann, James, of Tercio, who came to the hospital September 13 for amputation of the second, third and fourth fingers of his right hand, is getting along nicely. Mankalo, Mike, of Berwind, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a double fracture of the right thigh, is doing fairly well. Marola, John, of Spring Gulch, who came to the hospital July 18 because of an in- fected right arm, is slowly improving. Marshall, L. G., of Sopris, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 27 on ac- count of sore eyes, went home September 29. Meek, Archibald, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital September 26 with typhoid fever, is holding his own. Muschetti, Rocco, of Coal Creek, who came to the hospital September 17 on ac- count of a fracture of the great toe of his right foot, is doing well. Pagnolta, Forte, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25 on account of a contused head, is walking around and doing well. Perrin, W. G., of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 21 on account of lumbago, is slowly improving. Handle, C. P., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account of a lacerated and contused leg, injuries which were sustained by him by being caught under a moving train, is doing nicely. Reballa, Joseph, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital September 19 on account of an abscess on the right side of the lower jaw, is doing better. He was operated upon September 29. Renaldi, Frank, of Rockvale, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 22 on account of a fractured leg, is now up and around. Salvin, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 3 on ac- count of a fractured right leg, is doing well and is now up. Scanlan, Martin, of Segundo, who was sent to the hospital August 6 on account of pleu- risy, is doing very well and is up now. Tomsick, Joe, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 14 on ac count of a puncture wound of the left foot is now up and around. Versailli, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 21 with a lac- erated hand and a sore eye, is doing well. Wallace, William, of Segundo, who was admitted to the hospital July 5, on account of bruises about the body, caused by falling down a shaft, will go home within a week. Wilson, J. J., of Rockvale, who early in this season played with the Colorado Fuel and Iron team in Pueblo, and who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a fractured left leg, is doing fairly well. Zambrano, Frank, of Tabasco, who was admitted to the hospital July 26 on account of typhoid fever, had a relapse and was very critically ill for some time, but is now daily improving. He is now able to be up' a little each day. Where the Purest Iron Ore in the World Comes From. For centuries the Dannemora iron ore mines in Sweden have been famous, says the Iron Trade Review. It is there that the purest iron ore commercially known ex- ists. The operating company is a close cor- poration, and the ore is sold to no one out- side of it; that is, the owners all possess iron or steel producing plants, and obtain from these mines part of their supplies. They limit the production to 50,000 tons per annum, and place it at a price which might seem prohibitory, but from its quality they can afford to so charge themselves. The ore, which now comes from entirely underground operations, is magnetite, with an average of fifty per cent of metallic iron, and from 0.0025 to 0.005 per cent of phos- phorus. It requires very little flux in the blast furnace, as the gangue is principally limestone, and the phosphorus is of that minute quantity which generally leads one to doubt the chemists' reputed results. The mine has been operated for at least 400 years. At first it was owned by private parties, but later reverted to the govern- ment. In 1863 it was again taken by indi- viduals, and has been successfully worked ever since. I wouldn't care how much a mosquito bit me, if he didn't brag about it, says Puck. Flattery pleases the woman who receives it almost as much as the man who gives it.— Puck. 336 MINNEQUA WORKS. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY published by the sociological department of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company AND devoted to NEWS FROM THE MINES AND MILLS LAWRENCE LEWIS, . Editor OFFICES : Denver . . Boston Building, Room 720 PcEBLO .... Minnegua Hospital Entered at the PostofBce at Denver, Colo., as second- class mail matter. Subscription Price . $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Saturday, October 4, 1902 NOTICE. Subscribers who wish to have Camp and Plant sent to a new address should give their old address, as well as the new. The editor will not guarantee that the change will be made unless both addresses and the subscriber's name in full are given. r js^ NEWS ITEMS js^ J ^I^RKS PUEBLO. Foreman T. P. George and his floating gang have been transferred from night to day shift, and Foreman D. A. Cardwell and his gang, after working a few nights, have been returned to day shift. Phelps G. Hurford is back from his va- cation. While away he not only hunted and fished, but put in a great deal of his tme laboring, and as a result of much assiduous coaxing combined with this labor, he re- turned to us with a full grown beard. Later — The beard has been shorn. George B. Scott and Frank T. Russel, the former general foreman of yard gangs, and the latter a floating gang foreman, have had very elegant apartments fixed up for them at the old tool house and wish to in- vite all their friends out to a new fall open- ing this week. C. J. Miller and Frank Shaw, employes at the converter, have resigned their positions but probably soon will be at work again in some other department. The Evanston Hotel has changed hands and is now under an entirely new manage- ment. C. Morris, timekeeper, has resigned his position. He will accept a place with the Rio Grande this month. His old friends wish him good luck. C. E. Spencer, a clerk in Mr. Van Brinner's department of the Colorado and Wyoming Railway, will be promoted to the position of timekeeper, filling the vacancy left by Mr. Morris. A. H. Sproat, gang foreman, is having some trouble with his eyes, and was away from his work for a few days last week. J. P. Woods, track foreman, had a very pe- culiar accident last week. A loaded revolver which he was carrying in his hip pocket went oft, and the bullet struck Mr. Woods in the leg. The wound is not at all serious, and he is now doing his round of duties as usual. Joe Gnidrovsic also suffered an injury last week. His is somewhat serious, and he is liable to be laid up for some time. Harry Gambridge, bricklayer, has accept- ed a contract with a Salt Lake firm. He will go to South America for two years. He has the congratulations of his fellows unless the position turns out to be connected with one of our sister republics, in which case he might be advised to beware of the unsta- bility of human affairs down there. The Colorado Supply Company had its annual fall opening last week, and from all report^ the affair was a pronounced suc- cess. Over two thousand people attended, and the opening really resolved itself into a reception to the whole town of Bessemer and Minnequa. The store was very beauti- fully decorated and all who attended en- joyed themselves very much. H. G. Cartwright, who was lately appoint- ed a foreman, is ill at the company hospital. Although his illness is not very serious, it has nevertheless kept him from work for several days already with no very good pros- pects of an early relief. In his absence Charles Clark is acting foreman. MINNEQUA WORKS— BASE BALL. 337 F. J. Hayes visited his sick son in Denver a week ago Sunday. I. D. Chamberlain has shaved his beard and his old friends are looking in vain for the flowing locks of the good old days. Frank T. Russel went to the fair Pueblo Day. It is not true, however, as has been stated, that there was a corner in pink lem- onade that day, although the peanuts did become very scarce. W. C. Foster, M. D., formerly of Minneap- olis, Minnesota, who was appointed an in- terne at the Minnequa Hospital, reached Pueblo Friday, September 26. He is now stationed at the dispensary at the Minne- qua Works. Dr. Foster graduated from the Medical Department of the University of Minnesota with the class of 1902. C. B. Smith, M. D., formerly interne at the Minnequa Hospital, has been appointed surgeon for Segundo, Colorado. He took up his new work September 20. O. F. Adams, M. D., who for the past year has been interne at the Minnequa Hospital, has been appointed surgeon for Tabasco, Colorado. He reached Tabasco Septem- ber 15. J. F. Chapman, chief clerk to the general superintendent, has returned to his desk after a vacation of a couple of weeks. Dur- ing Mr. Chapman's absence Harry Deuel took Mr. Chapman's place. Professor H. J. Wilson, assistant superin- tendent of the Sociological Department, vis- ited Berwind on Thursday. R. W. Corwin, M. D., chief surgeon of the Medical Department and superintendent of the Sociological Department, left Wednes- day evening, September 30, for Kansas City, where he will attend the annual meeting of the American Academy of Railway Sur- geons. Before returning to Colorado, about October 15, Dr. Corwin will visit in Chi- cago. Miss Jennie S. Cottle, superintendent of nurses at the Minnequa Hospital, has re- turned from Detroit, Michigan, where she attended the annual meeting of the Associa- tion of Superintendents of Nurses' Training Schools. Miss Cottle made the report for Colorado and read a paper on the "Training of Nursery Maids." C. F. & I., 11; Denver Leaguers, 0. It was a fine game. With the introduc- tion of four new players in the C. F. & I. uniform last Sunday, September 28, the club is undoubtedly the best it has been this sea- son. A team calling themselves the Denver l^eaguers, composed of professional and ex- professional players, came from Den- ver, intending to scalp the home team, for no other reason, apparently, than because the Homestead team of that city had done so. The visiting gentry were disappointed — sadly, badly disappointed, the score being 11 to at the end of nine in- nings. Still it was a fine game, and had the home team not been strengthened in the manner it was the visitors might have beat- en us. But we did not purpose to lose any more this season, so with next Sunday's game, the last for the season, we shall have the Old Homesteads at our mercy, as they cannot bring any one from Denver who can put up a better game than the Colorado Fuel and Iron, as the team now stands. The batting of Robson, HoUingsworth, Hemphill and Gaston were features of the game, and the locals' base running was mar- ^ velous. In a couple of instances the visitors got a man on third base, but steady work on the part of the locals kept them from reaching the plate. The attendance was large, and the game was enjoyed. Following is the score: C. F. & L ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Robson, third base 5 2 3 2 Hahn, center field 4 1 1 Derby, left field 5 1 HoUingsworth, short stop. 5 3 3 3 Hemphill, second base 3 4 2 12 Baerwald, catcher 3 1 114 1 Gaston, right field 3 2 1 Lee, first base 4 1 8 1 Shaw, pitcher 4 1 1 4 36 11 15 27 11 Denver Leaguers. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Stephenson, right field 4 10 Cain, short stop 3 1 5 1 Williams, first base 4 1 7 1 Cotton, second base 3 7 2 1 Wilmot, third base 4 1111 Copeinger, left field 4 2 2 Taylor, center field 2 1 Brines, catcher 2 5 I Le Croix, pitcher 3 1 1 29 4 24 12 4 338 BASE BALL— BROOKSIDE— COAL CREEK— EL MORO, Score by Innings: 1 2 3 4 5 6.7 8 9 Denver Leaguers ... 00000000 0—0 C. F. &I 01025021 *— 11 Summary: Stolen bases — Robson, Hahn, Derby, Hollingsworth, Hemphill 3; Baer- wald, Gaston, Taylor, Williams. Two base hits — Robson 2, Hollingsworth. Three base hits— Hemphill, Gaston, Wilmot. Double plays — Cotton, unassisted ; Cain to Cotton to Williams; Williams to Cotton; Hollings- worth to Hemphill to Lee. Bases on balls — Le Croix,-3; Shaw, 4. Hit by pitched ball — Shaw, 1. Struck out— By Shaw, 12; by Le Croix, 2. Passed balls — Brines, 2. Wild pitch — Shaw, 1. Earned runs — C. F. & L, 6. Left on bases— C. F. & L, 5; Denver Leaguers, 5. Attendance, 1,200. Umpire — Harris. Scorer — Righter. BROOKSIDE. Mrs. Margaret Grabill, superintendent of kindergartens for the sociological deparl- ment of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany, spent part of Saturday, September 20, in Brookside on kindergarten business. The school directors of Brookside district propose to add another primary teacher to the teaching force, to relieve the congestion now existing in those grades. The Boys' Club hall probably will be used for school purposes. Baldo Moschetti has been suffering from a severe attack of pleurisy, but is reported some better. Tony Del Due is laid up with a bruised foot. John Bloxhem and Price Jones have re- covered from their injuries and returned to work. Frank Patchen Is on the sick list this week. Fijora Rosat is off duty suffering from a severe scalp wound received September 26. Victor Zinalle, injured September 10 by a loaded car running over his foot, Is able to be about again. Louis Furlong, who received severe burns about both eyes, caused by a premature ex- plosion of a shot on September 9, is still off duty. Jonathan Roberts, injured September 22 by a fall of coal, is confined to the house. The mine has been closed down for an aggregate of fourteen working hours during the past week, on account of the scarcity of cars. Ralph Rider is rapidly convalescing from typhoid fever. Some extensive repairs are being made on the mine slope this week under the di- rection of Joe Shivers. After these are completed, the mine plant will be in good repair for the cold weather rush. The superintendent and foremen of the Rockvale mine paid Brookside a visit on Thursday, September 25, their plant being closed down temporarily on account of the scarcity of cars. P. and S. COAL CREEK. The first month of school has closed with the following enrollment: Primary room, Miss Hammersly, teacher, sixty; second pri- mary. Miss Conkright, teacher, forty-five; intermediate room, Mrs. Jenkins, teacher, thirty-two; advanced room, H. A. Bucher, teacher, twenty-nine. R. F. Munger of Rouse is spending a few days in the camp, the guest of his mother. Robin's many friends are always glad to see him return. John Wallace has been nursing a sore hand the past week. Mr. Gay of Aspen has been visiting his old friend, George Belsh, the past few days. He has secured work with the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company at Rockvale and will move his family here in the near future. At the home of the bride's mother, Wednesday, September 10, Richard Husband and Miss Ellen Buchanan were married. Miss "Gene" Wallace is spending a fev/ days in Florence with her sister. Vera, the little daughter of E. H. Williams, has been very sick the past three weeks with typhoid fever. Mrs. Monicle of Topeka, Kansas, is visit- ing her sister, Mrs. E. H. Williams. The classmates of Carry Belsh gave her a pleasant surprise last Wednesday night. EL MORO. Mrs. White, sister of Mrs. Douglass, has come with her two boys from Fresno, Cali- fornia, to stay indefinitely with her sister. The weather continues dry here and drinking water scarce. In consequence, a well has been tapped half way between the four American houses on the hill. Mrs. Grabill was a welcome visitor in the camp not long ago. EL MORO—FIERRO— GIBSON— MADRID. 339 The work of the Sociological Department is to be extended in this camp by the addi- tion of a regular cooking and sewing teacher who will make weekly visits. Miss Edith Knapp went to Engle Saturday to attend teachers' meeting with Miss Pen- dergast, the cooking teacher. E. K. FIERRO, NEW MEXICO. C. E. Hughes, representing capitalists of Michigan, has been looking over the camp during the past week with a view of taking notes on the mineral deposits. While excavating for a cellar, Al. Owens came across an ancient grave at the foot of a tree. A few of the bones were yet in such a state of preservation as to be recog- nized as those of a human being. Our school is prospering as it never has before. The members of the local board have taken it upon themselves to see that all children of school age are compelled to attend. C. F. B. GIBSON, NEW MEXICO. John T. Kebler, general manager of the fuel department, and Master Mechanic Stevenson of Denver, were in camp inspect- ing the new tipple for the Gallup mine, which is now nearing completion. L. Olin, manager of the Colorado Supply Company store here, has returned from an extended business trip to Denver and Pueblo. While away Mr. Olin made some large pur- chases for the store here. On Saturday, September 20, the "Little Weaver Mine" turned out 1,902 tons of coal in ten hours. Miss Katie McGinn and Miss Howard are expected home soon from their long ab- sence in California. Both are reported much improved in health. Their arrival is looked forward to with great pleasure by their many Gibson friends. Mr. Pattison, division superintendent, has been absent for several days looking after business at various New Mexico places. We regret to report the sad news of the death, at the Gibson hospital, of Louis Ko- ran, an Austrian twenty-six years of age, who succumbed to typhoid fever September 24. Frank Kanzlaric, who got his leg broken August 26, is doing well, and will soon leave the hospital here. Charles Nujoka, a prominent business man among our Japanese population, will go to Albuquerque, Pueblo and Denver soon on a business trip. Louis Watson, son of Mr. Watson of the Gallup store, is sick with typhoid fever. William Kelly, manager of the Colorado Supply Company store at Gallup, New Mexi- co, has returned from a pleasant business trip to Colorado. He was gone two weeks and reports a good time and a gain of several pounds in flesh. Work in the Gallup district is picking up. There are fewer idle days, and the stores report a healthy increase in business. Dr. Pattee has returned healthy and im- proved from his three months' absence in the East. While away he took a post gradu- ate course at the New York Post Graduate Medical School and Hospital, and visited nu- merous hospitals in Boston and Chicago. He visited friends in Massachusetts, Illinois and Minnesota, and reports a splendid and profitable time. Mrs. Pattee and daughter Helen, who accompanied the doctor on his vacation, returned with him. MADRID, NEW MEXICO. John T. Kebler, general manager of the Fuel Department, was in our camp for a short time the first of the week. Public school opened the first of the month with Professor A. S. Bundy, princi- pal, and Mrs. Bundy, primary teacher. There was a good enrollment. Several of the Madrid people took ad- vantage of the Sunday excursion to attend the ball game in Las Vegas last Sunday between the Santa Fe team and the Las Vegas boys. Some men from the camp have gone to work on the Santa Fe Central Railroad, a new road that will start at Santa Fe and traverse this county, connecting with the Rock Island extension to El Paso, at a new town by the name of Moriarty. The road will pass within about nine miles of Mad- rid. Charles Schroeder, the compressor man, has been sojourning in Albuquerque this week. Many Madrid people are preparing to at- tend the Annual Territorial fair held in Al- buquerque October 14 to 18. Thomas Pattison, division superintendent. 340 MADRID— REDSTONE— SUNRISE. spent a few days with us the first of the week. When anthracite coal becomes so scarce in the East that they will want some to cut and polish for use as gems, Madrid can fur- nish it. The Santa Fe officials were with us for a short time the beginning of the week. Alexander Bacca of Madrid, New Mexico, and Miss Maggie Amo of Albuquerque, New Mexico, were married at the home of the bride's parents on Saturday, September 27. They will make their future home with us. Rumor has it that there will be another wedding among Madrid's Latin quarter in the near, future. The fall of the year is swiftly passing, and winter is fast approaching. This has been one of the dryest years in the history of New Mexico and last winter one of the mildest. The fruit crop this year was enor- mous, so it can be truthfully said that this has been a fruitful year. This is the time of the year for one to hear the old Indian and Mexican legends rehearsed; among others you will often hear them say that this year will be one of an epidemic of small- pox, because there is an overplentiful amount of pinon nuts. Mr. Carswell of the Denver offices has been added to our clerical force to take the place of Mr. Archibald, who has been pro- moted to first clerk, to take the place vacated by Mr. Maltby, who has moved to Denver to accept a better position in the Company's offices. Mrs. E. J. Thompson, wife of our genial store manager, is visiting at her old home in Iowa. Mrs. Frank Morandi, wife of one of our miners, is now visiting her old home in Italy. S. C. C. REDSTONE. J. C. Osgood's herd of blooded cattle, con- sisting of eleven Ayrshire and nine polled Angus, came up on Tuesday night from the state fair at Pueblo, where they carried off twenty-one premiums. These cattle, with nine others presented by Mr. Osgood to the Agricultural College, were brought over from Scotland early this spring by E. H. Grubb, and were kept till recently at Fort Collins to become acclimated. E. H. Grubb and Mr. Young, ranch and cattle ownesrs near Carbondale, are the guests of Superintendent T. M. Gibb. A considerable number of our citizens have removed to the new fruit-raising dis- trict around Paonia. Of these we may name Mart Brown, J. R. Leeming and Martin Stankovic. Rumor says more are to follow. Mrs. H. J. Lane is visiting in Sparta, Illi- nois, with her mother, who is very ill. Mrs. Lane will return to Redstone in the near future. Thirty-eight car loads of cattle were shipped from Placita this week, aggregating 900 heads, en route for South Omaha. Dr. Whiting shipped the greater number of these. T. L. McGuire, who four months ago sus- tained injuries at Coalbasin, neessitating the amputation of his leg, returned to Red- stone on Thursday, September 25, looking hale and hearty. Mrs. McGuire came with him, and they will make their residence here. The infant child of Mr. and Mrs. Beye, recently from Holland, died from gastro- enteritis last week. SUNRISE, WYO. M. Maurer, company scale inspector, was with us September 26. Superintendent Gilchrist is in Utah on a business trip for the company. Mr. Jerrord and Miss Helen Jerrord, fath- er and sister of Assistant Superintendent R. B. Jerrord, left September 24 for their home in St. Cloud, Minnesota, after a pleas- ant visit of several weeks in camp. Preparations are being made by Manager Henderson of the Colorado Supply Company for a big dance as soon as the floor is laid in the new store building. Mrs. George Glodin, wife of Engineer Glodin, left September 23 for Omaha, Ne- braska. Mr. Glodin, who has been with the Colorado and Wyoming Railway force here for two years, left for Salt Lake City Oc- tober 1. A little daughter has arrived to gladden the hearts of Mr. and Mrs. C. C. Scull. Mrs. Charles K. Piester is visiting friends and relatives in Missouri. C. K. Piester returned Tuesday from a business trip and visit to his ranch, near Fort Laramie, Wyoming. Mrs. Frank Glenn and son Roy left Sep- tember 29 for Salt Lake City, where they will spend the winter with relatives. SOPRIS— ITALIAN DEPARTMENT. 341 SOPRIS. Messrs. Kebler, Stevenson, Pattison and Mattison, Colorado Fuel and Iron Company officials, with Mr. Monroe of Trinidad, made Superintendent and Mrs. Thompson a social call Sunday afternoon. Miss Minnie Maxwell left for her home in Ohio on Tuesday. On her way she will visit friends in Missouri and Kansas. Clarence Williams, our bright young "sec- ond clerk," is off duty from office work for a month, owing to trouble with his eyes. Dr. Davenport of Trinidad took him safely through an operation in order to fit him for glasses, and hereafter he will have no more difficulty. Charlie Ortcliff, son of Squire Ortcliff, has returned to Denver. Miss Clara Syler of Mount Vernon, Ohio, is visiting Mrs. D. Eugene Moyer. It is somewhat "late in the day" to ex- press our very sincere appreciation of a daily train service to and from Trinidad; however, we Soprisites are none the less deeply grateful for the advantages thus af- forded us. D. P. C RISTOFORO COLOMB O Narrazione Storica compilata sulle opere di sue figlio Fernando; dl Antonio Gallo, sue contemporaneo e sugll scritti degli storici e critici posteriori: se- guita da un inno popolare Colombiano musicato dal M. Giovanni Basso. XXII. TERRA! TERRA! Al levarsi del secondo giorno, freschis- simi giunchi che parevano appena divelti dalle radici, mossero intorno le caravelle. Una tavola lavorata, un bastone o qualcosa di simile, artatamente cesellato, un ramo di biancospino co' germogli in fiore, un nido d' uccelli composto tra le foglie ed il mus- chio di un tronco d' albero, su cui la madre di nulla impaurita covava placidamente, ven- nero al rumore dell' onde in buon punto a rianimar le speranze. I marinai accolsero con allegrezza que' testimoni scolpiti, par- Ian ti e vivi di una prossima terra: eran come la voce della riva che confermava le predi- zioni di Colombo. Prima di contemplare la terra cogli occhi del corpo, la contempla- vano in quegli indizi sicuri cogli occhi della mente. La spedizione cadde a' ginocchi dell' ammiraglio insultato la vigilia; e chiesero perdono della loro incredulity, e intuonaro- no r inno della liberazione, 1' osanna del trionfo. Venne scendendo la notte su quel canti religiosi che salutavano un nuovo mondo. L' ammiraglio ordinS di abbassare le vele, osservare il cammino e piu lentamente pro- cedere, onde evitare i bassi fondi e gli scog- li. Egli era certo che la prima luce del cre- puscolo scoprirebbe la terra davanti le prore delle navi. Nessuno dormi in quella notte suprema. L' impazienza del vedere teneva aperti gli occhi; i piloti e i marinai sospesi agli alberi, alle antenne, alle gomene, ga- reggiavano a chi prima lanciasse uno sguar- do sul nuovo emisfero. L' ammiraglio un premio avea promesso a quegli che primo scoprisse la terra. Ma questa scoperta la Provvidenza riserbavala a lui, ricompera come r avea al prezzo di vent' anni di vita, di constanza, di affanno. Passeggiando la notte sul ponte del suo vascello, e spingendo il suo sguardo nelle tenebre, uno splendore di fuoco passo, si spense, e ripasso davanti agli occhi suoi a llvello delle acque. Temen- do ingannarsi, e quello non fosse se non un bagliore ed una fosforescenza del mare, chi- am6 a voce bassa un gentiluomo spagnuolo della corte d' Isabella, nomato Guttierez, nel quale piu fiducia metteva che nei piloti. Quando gli fu presso, colla mano gli indicd il punto dell' orizzonte ove quella fiamma avea veduto, e gli domando se non scorgesse una viva luce da quella banda. Guttierez rispose che vedeva infatti un bagliore mu- tevole. II Colombo, non ancora contento, chiamd Rodrigo Sanchez di Segovia, altro del suoi confidenti, il quale conferm6 quello che aveva detto Guttierez. Era come una luce che compariva e dispariva alternamen, te, e pareva uscir dalle acque e tuffarvisi, sia che fosse la fiamma di qualche focolare in riva del mare, a quando a quando nascos- to e svelato dall' ondeggiar dell' onde op- pure che fosse 1' incerto fanale di un canotto 342 ITALIAN STORY. da pescatori via via portato dalla marea. Cosi a Colombo apparve primo la terra e la vide sotto forma di fuoco, la notte dell' 11 al 12 ottobre 1492. II Colombo prego del silen- zio Rodrigo e Guttierez, in s6 stesso racchi- use la speranza riamatasi durante la notte, e fino alle due del mattino veglid sperando e disperando, solo, sul ponte, e pensando al domani che avrebbe deciso le sorti di un mondo. Un colpo di cannone risuonante suU' Oce- ano a qualche centinaio di passi, scoppid come la voce poderosa di un mondo, e fe' balzare Colombo d' un tratto, e cader poi a ginocchi sulla tolda. Era il segnale con- venuto tra le due caravelle e la Pinta cbe navigava in capo la flottiglia, e illuminava e tentava la via. A quel rumore un grido generale: terra, terra! levossi dalle anten- ne, dagli alberi, dai cordami dei navigli. Quindi si attese 1' aurora. L' Oceano avea pronunciata la sua prima parola nel seno della notte; ma il giorno stava per svelare interamente il mistero si a lungo custodito dalle acque gelose. Intanto venivano dalla riva soavi profumi, e come 1' aere di un' at- mosfera abitata; e il rumore lontano delle onde rompentesi sulla riva, e i venti secchi e caldi della terra. II fuoco scorto dal Co- lombo annunciava la presenza dell' uomo, primo element© di vita. Mai non fuvvi notte pid lenta a scorrere, a svelare 1' aperto oriz- zonte, a togliere dall' oscurita quella parte di mondo che per Colombo e pe' suoi com- pagni era come una seconda creazione di Die. II crepuscolo per 1' aere diffondendosi, fe' poco a poco uscire dal seno delle acque le forme di un' isola. Le due estremita, perde- vansi nella nebbia mattinale. La costa ele- vavasi in anfiteatro, ridossata a belle coUine, il cui ver de cupo faceva contrasto coll' az- zurra limpidezza del cielo; a pochi passi dalla riva su cui scherzavano tra una gialla sabbioncina le onde, stendevansi maestose foreste, che salivano e discendevano per varie ondulazioni. Qua e Ik s' aprivano pic- coli golfi, folti e macchiosi. In quel fondo oscuro apparivano alcuni tratti ne' quali 1' occhio poteva spingersl e scoprire i misteri della solitudine. Vi si intravedevano infatti sparpagliate abitazioni, somiglianti ad alve- ari per la loro forma a cono e i loro tetti di fogliame; in piil luoghi elevavansi tra gli al- beri colonne di fuomo. Gruppi d' uominl, di donne e di fanciulli, maravigliati piil che atterriti, mostravansi mezzo nudl sul limi- tare della foresta. S' avanzavano timida- mente e subito si ritraevano, testimoniando coi gesti e colle attitudini paura e curiosity ad un tempo di quelle navi e que' stranieri; comparsi co' primi albori mattinali sotto quel cielo quasi flglio della notte. (Continua.) The Unspeakable Turk. Ray Stannard Baker, in an article on con- ditions in Turkey as seen by a trained ob- server, has the following to say about the state of affairs in the Turkish postofllce, and of Turkish backwardness generally: The Turk suspects everybody and every- thing, and no private act, no seclusion, is safe from his intrusion. Every telegram sent from the public ofllces is at once re- ported to the authorities. No one can safely send a letter by the Turkish post unless he is willing to have it opened and read, and take the chances of having it confiscated if the censor finds anything that can be twist- ed into an insult to Mohammedanism. As a result of this condition and the inability of foreigners residing in Turkey to com- municate with any certainty with their friends, some of the great European nations have established postoffices of their own in Turkish cities, in which they employ only Europeans, use their own stamps, and watch their mail-bags until they pass beyond the prying eyes of the Turks. In Salonica there are no fewer than five postoffices — British, Austrian, French, Servian and Turkish; in Constantinople, six. If one wishes to be sure of his mail, he must inquire at four of them at least ; and if he really wants to have his letters reach their destination, he must send them through some postoffice other than Turkish. For the reason that the au- thorities cannot be sure of a complete know- ledge of all the conversation that might pass, the telephone has been excluded from the empire; and no Turkish city is electric- ally lighted because, it is said, the officials discovered the word dynamo in the applica- tions for the necessary contracts, and, dy- namo suggesting dynamite, the official Turk was paralyzed with fear. So all Turkey is still candle-lighted, or at best lamp-lighted. Whatever is Turkish in Turkey is sure to be out of order, disorganized, dirty; what- ever is foreign is, by contrast, well kept. The best men made themselves. MISCELLANEOUS. 343 The American Invasion. During the past few years American meth- ods and American manufactures have sup- planted all others, not only on the Conti- nent of Europe, but in England. In a Lon- don newspaper, the Englishman's daily life is described as follows: "He rises in the morning from his New England sheets, shaves with American soap and a Yankee safety razor, pulls on his Boston boots over his socks from North Carolina, fastens his Connecticut braces, slips his Waltham watch into his pocket and sits down to breakfast. He eats bread from prairie ilour, tinned oysters from Baltimore and a little Kansas City bacon, while his wife toys with Chicago ox-tongue and the children eat American oats. At the same time he reads his morning paper printed by American machines on American paper with American ink, and possibly edited by a smart journalist from New York. "At his office* he sits on a Nebraska swivel- chair before a Michigan roll-top desk, writes his letters on a Syracuse typewriter, signs them with a New York fountain pen and dries them with a blotting sheet from New England. The letter copies are put away in files manufactured in Grand Rapids. He winds up the day with a couple of pills made in America." When William E. Chandler was secretary of the navy he issued an order that officers should not permit their wives to reside at the foreign stations to which their husbands were attached. The order was promptly rescinded, according to the Argonaut, upon the receipt by the Secretary of the following from Commodore Fyffe, in command of the Asiatic squadron: "It becomes my painful duty to report that my vrife, Eliza Fyffe, has, in diso- bedience to my orders, and in the face of regulations of the department, taken up her residence on the station, and persis- tently refused to leave." Exterior of Trinidad Store, Colorado Supply Company. CAMP AND PLANT. "SUNSET AND EVENING STAR." (By Lord Alfred Tennyson.) Sunset and evening star. And one clear call for mel And may there be no moaninj; of the bar When I put out to sea. But such a tide as moving seems asleep, Too full for sound and foam. When that which drew from out the bound- less deep Turns ajtain home. Twilight and evening bell, And after that the dark! And may there be no sadness of farewell When I embark. For tho' from out our bourne of Time and Place The flood may bear me far, 1 hope to see my Pilot face to face When I have crost the bar. VOLUIE II SATURDAY, OCTOBER II, 1902 Number 15 UP LAS ANIMAS CANON Rapid Development by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company of the Valley Wat- ered by the Purgatoire or *' Picketwire " River — Three Young Camps of Pri- mero, Segundo and Tercio Connected with Trinidad and the Outer World by the Southern Division of the Colorado & Wyoming Railway — Immense Sums Expended to Open Up Rich Coal Fields. <^ SSSS^SS^ NE WHO was, in former years, familiar with the Las Animas canon through which the Pur- gatoire River carries the melt- ing snows of the Sangre do Cristo range past Trinidad, would rub his eyes with wonder at the marvellous changes which have been wrought in the past eight- een months. The old wagon trail still exists, and the few scattered settlements are in their places but The Colorado and Wyoming Railway Italian Miners at Primero, Showing Model House Built by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company for Employes. 346 UP LAS ANIMAS CANON. has been pushed for thirty-five miles up the canon, and long trains loaded with coal, coke and building material are hauled over a substantial road bed by heavy locomo- tives. Three mining camps — or rather, vil- lages — (for they are composed of neat homes facing laid out streets) are growing rapidly to provide shelter for the increasing population. New Coal Mines and Coke Ovens. Coal mines have been opened, coke ovens have been built, and more are building, and an air of progress and energy pervades the new settlements of Primero, Segundo and Tercio — who knows how far the Spanish numbering will be carried before the Las Animas valley will be developed to the satis- faction of the ofllcials of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company? The whole country is booming, but there are few localities which indicate such marked progress in so short a time as the Las Animas valley. Scarcely had the railroad been laid to Segundo, when an unprecedented flood crippled it, and to prevent similar disasters in the future, the roadbed for miles was changed to higher ground, and the stream crossed by substantial steel bridges, carried on concrete abutments, to clear a height above that of the greatest recorded flood. The eighty-five-pound rails and wide ties to which they are secured, provide a sub- stantial base for the heavy traffic which the mines and the coke ovens will furnish. Segundo. Passing westward from Trinidad, Segun- do is the first of the new towns. Here the coal from the Primero mines — high on the hill several miles distant — is brought to be "coked" in the eight hundred ovens which belch forth their clouds of smoke. Tercio, Formerly Torres. Tercio, the present terminus of the Colo- rado and Wyoming railway, is beautifully located in a broad park, with a fine view of the Sangre de Cristo range — so near as to insure cool nights for the weary miners to rest comfortably. The expression of a visitor was, that the location was too pictur- esque to mar with heaps of mine refuse, and its surroundings too handsome to cloud with coke oven smoke. But Tercio will best fill its niche as a feature of Southern Colorado by the work now in hand. Large quarries have been opened and are now worked to supply the building stone required for foundations and coke ovens. The hills are pierced with tunnels open- ing the coal seams, of which there are Tlpole at Primero. UP LAS ANIMAS CANON. 347 three wide enough for economical exploita- tion. Tram roads and inclines already are in service. The washeries are approaching completion with machinery delivered, ready for installation. About a third of the first six hundred coke ovens are finished, and the balance are well advanced. A hundred houses are now occupied, and others will find tenants as rapidly as they can be erected. Primero and Segundo. Primero and Segundo are older settle- ments than Tercio — that is, they are a few months older, and have therefore assumed urban superiority, the evidences of which appear in the commodious store buildings of the Colorado Supply Company. But each of the three embrj'o cities is alive with busy workmen, and each is growing rapidly. If the next eighteen months equals the past year and a half in development, the transformation of the Las Animas valley will be among the wonders of the early years of the new century. The railroads, the industries and the homes of Colorado demand coal, and the great blast furnaces and smelters require great quantities of coke. It was to meet those needs that the Las Animas valley received the phenomenal development, through a concentration of effort creditable to all who have had a part in it. BIX. (The preceding article was written ex- pressly for Camp and Plant by one of the leading consulting engineers of the United States, after a trip up the valley of the Purgatoire River. Tercio was described in detail in our issue of August 13, 1902 (Vol. II., No. 6). Primero and Segundo will be described in two issues that will appear within a month.) Green Tea and Black Tea. The difference in color between green and black tea has been ascribed to various causes. Recently Mr. Aso, of the Agricul- tural College at Tokyo, has investigated the subject, and he offers, in substance, the fol- lowing explanation: In making green tea the leaves are steamed as soon as gathered; in the case of black tea the leaves are al- lowed to ferment before drying. The result is that the finished black tea contains much less tannin than the green contains. The original tea-leaf possesses an oxidizing en- zyme which is destroyed in the green tea by steaming. In black tea, during fermenta- tion, the enzyme oxidizes the tannin and gives rise to a brownish-colored product. Colorado Fuel and Iron Company Office, Boarding House, Washer and Tipple at Tercio. 343 HINTS ON HYGIENE— SOCIAL SCIENCE. ^ormafion HINT.S ON HYGIENE XI. HINTS ON HYGIENE. The location of a house has much to do with its healthfulness. No matter how careful the inmates may be to follow those hygienic rules relating to personal care and cleanliness, if the situation of the house and its surroundings are at fault, all precau- tions may be in vain. Many of you are already established in homes and can not change existing conditions, but you may be able to modify them greatly as you see the need. How to Choose a Site for a Dwelling. A piece of ground which will afford good exposure to light and air, and which is not too close to other houses, should be chosen A moderate elevation with a slope on at least one side, to allow for drainage; and a growth of trees or a protecting hillside as a shelter from the cold winds, is prefer- able. The trees should not be so close as to interfere with the air space or to shut out the light and sunshine from the rooms. The soil should be firm and dry and prefer- ably of some porous material such as gravel. It should not be fouled with organic ma- terial, nor should decaying matter such as a mass of wet dead leaves be allowed to remain long undisturbed. This is of espe- cial importance in "made" soil; that is, or- dinary soil covered over with gravel. Or- ganic material should always be removed beforehand or it will soon decompose and cause great unhealthfulness. The height of the ground water should not be over- looked. When too near the surface, it causes dampness and often serious disease. Outhouses, such as barns and vaults, should not be in too close proximity to the dwell- ing house; on sloping ground, they should not have a higher elevation than the house; nor should they be so situated that pre- vailing winds blow from them towards the house. SOCIAL .SCIEINCE X. INTERIOR DECORATION OF THE HOME. Although pictures, statuary, furniture and draperies are important considerations in the making of a home, yet there is a cer- tain indefinable grace about a real home that we cannot attribute to any of the above mentioned things. Houses adorned by wealth and culture are often not homes — only houses. A home must show the traces of sympathy and of love. A true mother will strive earnestly to make her home not only as attractive and lovely as possible, but she will also try to combine comfort with beauty. Beautify the Living Room. She will give her best efforts to making the living room homelike. It is a mistake to think that everything pleasing we possess should be stowed away in a dark parlor. Of course we wish the room in which we receive our guests to be one suitable for its purposes, but it is not nearly so important that the guest room or parlor should be pretty and homelike as the room in which the little children live all winter, in which the mother sits and sews, and into which the father comes at twilight after a hard day's work. Make the Home Express Your Own Individ- uality. A home always reveals and expresses the tastes and even the individuality of its mis- tress. Therefore it is better not to use as a decoration any nondescript thing we may happen to possess regardless of harmony, of good taste and of simplicity — nor should we feel backward in giving expression to fancies and tastes of our own, for by doing this we give to the home just that individu- ality which makes the home "our home", and unlike any other. Money Not so Necessary as Ingenuity. Of coure money determines in large meas- ure how we can decorate our homes, but a person of resources can contrive to create SOCIAL SCIENCE— HOSPITAL BULLETIN. 349 excellent effects with little. Perry pictures, half-tone reproductions of masterpieces of art, can be bought for a cent apiece. Larger ones in the soft brown egg finish cost only three and five cents. Frames can be bought for a trifle. Many people frame their own pictures by the passe-partout method, others buy pretty shades of heavy card board and mount their pictures on these. A Unique "Autumn Corner." A college girl once brightened a corner of a room and concealed an ugly patch of wall paper by making an Autumn corner; she waxed with a hot iron bright colored leaves and vines, and made a brilliant back- ground for some rich brown chestnut burrs, a spray of bitter sweet and a bunch of per- simmons. This made a refreshing spot to look upon during the long, bleak winter. Flowers for Decoration. Nothing is so refreshing in a room as vases filled with flowers. One cannot have too many of them. But oftentimes a bunch of flowers is almost spoiled, because the stems are tied up tightly and stuck rigidly into an ugly vase. Do not buy colored glass vases and gorgeous green and pink china affairs for your flowers, nor for bric-a-brac either. For flowers with long stems choose tall, slender vases of graceful outlines; rose bowls are nice for roses, nasturtiums and sweet peas. Always choose vases of un- colored glass; the handsome colored glass ware is very costly, and has never been suc- cessfully imitated. Flowers should always be plucked with long stems and a little of the foliage; they should be loosely and even carelessly ar- ranged in a vase or bowl. Potted Plants and Flowers. Some people have great success in grow- ing plants in the house. Unless, however, one is an adept at caring for flowers, it is wiser to choose at first the hardier plants, such as geraniums, ferns, colias, etc. A window box full of bright flowering plants and green ferns adds more to the cheer of a room than a handsome piece of furniture. Hanging baskets are easily made and plants made to grow in them. They are prettiest when planted with maiden hair fern and delicate trailing vines. A unique flowering ball can be made by tying six or eight crocus bulbs to a coarse sponge. Wrap the sponge in moss, hang in the sun- light, and keep the sponge wet with warm rain water. When the bulbs bloom, the re- sult is both pretty and interesting. Wander- ing Jew will grow in a vase or bowl of water. Let this vine hang over a window. Vines, flowers, a canary bird and sunshine are luxuries in winter. Nearly everyone can afford them. Indeed, a home cannot afford to be without them. Arnijio, B., of El Moro, who was admitted 10 the hospital August 2 with a contused right ankle, is some better. Barteck, Steve, of Starkville, who was admitted to the hospital September 8 on ac- count of typhoid fever, will be up and around soon. Beloti, Joe, of Brookside, who came to the hospital September 13 suffering with typhoid fever, is doing well and is up and around. Berra, Baptista, of Tercio, who was sent to the hospital September 3 on account of typhoid fever, has gone home. Brown, William, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July IG with a fractured right tibia and left femur, is walking about on crutches, and is doing nicely. Calangle, Parie, of Segundo, who came to the hospital September 6 with a fractured left scapula, is improving. Chappetti, Pete, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerrillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 with a hepatic abscess (abscess of the liver), and who was operat- ed upon July 5, is now WHlkins: about outdoors. Conti, Dana, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with two broken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg, and had erysipelas, but is getting better. Coradina, Joseph, of Starkville, who was admitted to the hospital August 28 on ac- count of a fractured right hand, will be sent home this week. Degarro, Charles, of Tabasco, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 25 on ac- count of typhoid fever, is bettefr this week. Del mar, Frank, of Starkville, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 10 on ac- count of typhoid fever, had a relapse, but is again better. Donati, F., of Walsen, who was admitted to the hospital September 10 with typhoid fever, has gone home. 350 HOSPITAL BULLETIN. Garagliano, Louis, of Berwind, who came to the hospital September 15, and who was operated upon for tubercular glands on the right side of his neck, is better and is now up and around. Gratt, Josie, of Primero, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 8 on account of a fractured leg, went home October 4. Hanley, Barney, of Anthracite, who was admitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a fractured left clavicle, is doing well. Hegedus, Joseph, of Primero, who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is im- proved and is walking about the yard. Hunter, Harry, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital in Pueblo September 13 suffering from typhoid fever, is getting better. Innes, C. S., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital September 27 on account of a fractured leg, is doing well. Jones, Thomas, of Coal Creek, who was admitted to the hospital August 30 on ac- count of a fractured right thigh, is walking around. Lavas, Peter, of Rockvale, who came to the hospital August 21 on account of a frac- tured left leg. is walking around now. McGann, James, of Tercio, who came to the hospital September 13 for amputation of the second, third and fourth fingers of his right hand, is getting along nicely. Mankalo, Mike, of Berwind, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a double fracture of the right thigh, is doing well. Mravola, John, of Spring Gulch, who came to the hospital July 18 because of an in- fected right arm, went home recovered Oc- tober 6. Meek, Archibald, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital September 26 with typhoid fever, is holding his own. IVIuschetti, Rocco, of Coal Creek, who came to the hospital September 17 on ac- count of a fracture of the great toe of his right foot, is doing well. Merlino, Louis, of Berwind, who had been in the hospital several months on account of a broken leg, went home October 6 fully recovered. Mopney, Charles, of Tercio, who came to the hospital September 25 on account of chronic gastritis, is about the same as when he was admitted. Pagnolta, Forte, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25 on account of a contused head, is walking around and doing well. Perrin, W. G., of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital June 21 on account of lumbago, has gone home. Handle, C. P., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account of a lacerated and contused leg, injuries which were sustained by him by being caught under a moving train, was operated for skin grafting October 4, and is now do- ing well. Reballa, Joseph, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital September 19 on account of an abscess on the right side of the lower jaw, and who was operated upon September 29, is doing nicely. Renaldi, Frank, of Rockvale, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 22 on account of a fractured leg, has gone home. Rule, Frank, of Lime (San Carlos), who was admitted to the hospital September 21 on account of bronchitis, was discharged September 28. Salvin, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 3 on ac- count of a fractured right leg, is doing well and is now up. Scanlan, Martin, of Segundo, who was sent to the hospital August 6 on account of pleu- risy, is now up and doing very well. Tomsick, Joe, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 14 on ac- count of a puncture wound of the left foot, has gone home. Versailli, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 21 with a lac- erated hand and a sore eye, is doing well. Wallace, William, of Segundo, who was admitted to the hospital July 5 on account of bruises about the body, caused by falling down a shaft, has gone home. Wilson, J. J., of Rockvale, who early in this season played with the Colorado Fuel and Iron team in Pueblo, and who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a fractured left leg, is doing well. Zambrano, Frank, of Tabasco, who was admitted to the hospital July 26 on account of typhoid fever, had a relapse and was very critically ill for some time, but is daily improving. He is now able to be up and out of doors a little each day. Zenoli, Victor, of Brookside, was admit- ted to the hospital October 2 with typhoid fever. So far he has done very well. COMMENTS ON THE SOCIAL BETTERMENT WORK OF THE C. F. & I. CO. 35J FROM OUR EXCHANGES. The American Press Association of Piiila- delphia, Pittsburg, Boston, Buffalo, Colum- bus, New York, Chicago, Dallas, Detroit, Omaha, San Francisco, Indianapolis, St. Paul. Atlanta and Cincinnati, which furnishes plate matter for thousands of weekly news- papers in all parts of the United States and Canada, has included the following notice of the work of the Sociological Department in its "Current Comment" for this week: Example for Great Corporations. The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, which employs some 15,000 men in its busi- ness of mining coal and iron ore and making them into coke, iron and steel, sets an ex- ample which other great employing corpo- rations might well emulate. A sociological department has been formed by the com- pany, which has for its purpose the organiza- tion of night schools, kindergartens, circu- lating and permanent libraries, cooking schools, clubs and musical societies among the 75,000 people who comprise the work- ers and their families. A hospital is main- tained by the company at Pueblo, Colorado, the location of its principal mills, for the treatment of injured employes, and it is described as being thoroughly equipped with y—y- The Iron and Steel Industry in Canada. The production of pig iron in Canada, as ascertained from the manufactures by the American Iron and Steel Association, amounted in the calendar year 1901 to 244,- 976 gross tons, against 86,090 tons in 1900, an increase of 158,886 tons, or over 184 per cent. Of the production in 1901, 228,893 tons were made with coke and 16,083 tons with charcoal. The production of Bessemer pig iron, included above, amounted to 29,- 577 tons. Neither splegeleisen nor ferro- mangajiese was made. The total production of steel in Canada in 1901 was 26,084 tons, against 23,577 tons in 1900, an increase of 2,507 tons. Both Bessemer and open-hearth steel ingots and castings were made in 1900 and 1901. Of the total production of open-hearth steel in 1901 less than one-fourth was made by the acid process. On December 31, 1901, there were fourteen completed furnaces in Canada, and four other furnaces were in course of erecttion — the most modern surgical appliances and in charge of skillful surgeons and nurses. Dr. R. W. Corwin at their head. In addition, it is proposed to establish a home for em- ployes who become permanently disabled in the service of the company. "The incurables are not welcome at any hospital," says an officer of the company, and in view of this fact and of the special liability of men em- ployed in heavy muscular work to become disabled in the discharge of their duties it is hoped to make some provision for such cases. A weekly magazine. Camp and Plant, is published, having for its object the dis- semination of news about the various camps, the promotion of the sociological work, and, in general, the bringing together and unify- ing of the diverse groups of workers of this great mining enterprise. Mr. Osgood, the chairman of the board of directors of the company, declares that he is simply applying good business principles in thus promoting the welfare of his em- ployes. "We do not ask credit as philan- thropists," he says. "We are aiming to carry out common sense business ideas in the con- duct of the business." two charcoal and two coke. In addition four furnaces were projected. Of the completed furnaces, seven were in blast and seven were idle. Of the fourteen completed furnaces nine were equipped to use coke, four to use charcoal and one to use charcoal and coke. The annual capacity of the eighteen built or building furnaces on December 31, 1901, was 1,090,300 tons, of which 958,000 tons are credited to eleven coke furnaces. On December 31, 1901, there were eigh- teen completed rolling mills and steel works in Canada and two were building. Of these one was equipped for the manufacture of steel in a special Bessemer converter, one to make Tropenas steel, and two standard Bessemer steel plants were being built, and four plants were equipped for the manufac- ture of open-hearth steel and one open- hearth steel plant was being built, reports the Iron Trade Review. The annual capacity of built and building plants was 838,400 tons of steel and 981.900 tons of rolled products. 1«S "■ o .■So -« o .S o" — (0 ^» > SO THE PUBLIC LIBRARY IN PUEBLO. 353 ANDREW CARNEGIE'S PRESENT TO PUEBLO. Description of the New Home for the McClelland Public Library — History of the Public Library in Pueblo. Work was commenced last week on clear- ing the ground in Carnegie Park (formerly called Royal Park), Pueblo, preparatory to excavating the foundations of the new building for which Andrew Carnegie of Pittsburg and New York, the great steel maker and philanthropist, gave the city of Pueblo $60,000. It is hoped to have the building ready for the books within a year. A cut made from the architect's drawing of the Abriendo Avenue fagade, appears on page 352 of this issue. Patton and Miller of Chicago, who make a specialty of library construction, are the architects. Their Pueblo representatives are Bishop and Gile. Bids were opened Fri- day evening, September 15, and the main contract, which does not include the heat- ing, lighting and plumbing, was let for $53,- 723 to Richardson and Campbell of Pueblo, they having the lowest and best bid of the four presented. The contract for the heating apparatus was subsequently let to the McElroy and Hudspeth Plumbing and Heating Company for $2,890; that for plumbing to the Scoville Plumbing and Heating Company for $793, and that for electric wiring to the Pueblo Electric Company for $220. The building, which will stand fifty feet in from the Abriendo Avenue side of Royal Park, will be two stories above a well light- ed basement. It will have a ground area of 110x68 feet. The style of architecture will be French Rennaissance. White lava stone, from Cotopaxi, finished in the rough, will be the material used. The roof will have a red tiled mansard with flat top. Ascending the half dozen broad steps from the Abriendo Avenue or south side, the visitor will enter a hall paved in marble mosaic, from which will ascend the stairs to the second floor. Those wishing to draw books will, however, pass on through to the delivery room, on the right or east side of wnich will be the delivery desk. Behind the delivery desk will be the book stacks. Open- ing off from the corners of the delivery room, to the left, will be the reference li- brary; to the right, the librarian's room. On the west side of the delivery room, to the left of the entrance and directly oppo- site the delivery desk, will be the entrance to the general reading room. Straight be- yond the delivery room will be the chil- dren's reading room, and opening off to the right of this the catalogue room. The basement will contain, besides the unpacking room, the janitor's room, the boiler, coal rooms and lavatories, and a lecture room, 40x49 feet, which will be im- mediately under the stacks, and will seat 400 people. There will be no public stair- way from the first floor to the basement, access being had to the lecture hall by an entrance on the north or park side. The slope of the ground is so taken advantage of that the basement, which, on the Abriendo Avenue or south side, is a third below the surface, on the north or park side, is all above ground. On the second floor the plans call for, be- sides the stair hall, a museum, an art gal- lery, a reference hall, a study, and a trus- tees' room. The library will be well lighted by day through windows and sky-lights; at night by gas and electricity. The building will be heated by steam. In order to complete the second story and to provide book stacks and fur- niture, more than the $60,000 at pres- ent available will have to be raised, but it is hoped that as the building nears comple- tion sufficient funds can be secured to make up the deficit. A special committee, composed of Messrs. J. E. Rizer, J. J. Burns, and J. F. Keating, has been appointed to se- cure funds for this purpose. The committee appointed by the Pueblo City Council to have charge of the construc- tion of the building is made up of Andrew McClelland, who first gave money for the starting of a public library in Pueblo; Hon- orable Alva Adams, former governor of Colo- rado; R. W. Corwin, M. D., chief surgeon and superintendent of the Sociological De- partment of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company; J. E. Rizer, former mayor of Pu- eblo; Alexander Campbell, member of the Pueblo City Council; J. F. Keating, super- 354 THE PUBLIC LIBRARY IN PUEBLO. intendent of schools of District No. 20, and J. J. Burns. The History of the Library in Pueblo. The public library in Pueblo was first opened in January, 1891, in its present quar- ters on the top floor of the Board of Trade Building. The library, then as now called the McClelland Public Library, owed its ex- istence to Andrew McClelland, a prominent wholesale merchant of Pueblo, who gave $6,000 in addition to $800 that had been raised by entertainments and small sub- scriptions. For two years all persons who drew out books were charged an annual fee of $5, which was used for maintenance, although the use of the reading room and of books in the library was free to all. J. W. Chapman is and has been librarian from the first. In 1893 the City of Pueblo took over the library and voted $3,000 a year for its main- tenance. This was later increased to $4,000 a year. Almost a year ago a committee of the Monday Evening Club, a literary organiza- tion composed of some of the leading men of Pueblo, appointed a committee to lay the need of an adequate building for the Mc- Clelland library before Andrew Carnegie. Mr. Carnegie was at once interested, and after carefully considering the question of- fered to give $60,000 for a building if the city would vote annually for mainten- ance a sum equal to ten per cent, of this and would provide a suitable site. May 1, 1902, the city council voted to increase the annual appropriation to $6,- 000. Royal Park (now Carnegie Park) was settled upon as the site. This ground was given to the city of South Pueblo, together with considerable other property for parks, by the old Colorado Coal and Iron Company, which was consolidated with the Colorado Fuel Company to form the present Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company. The provi- sion was that the land should always be used for park purposes, and consent of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company had to be secured by the city to build the library thereon. At the same time, Andrew Mc- Clelland, the first benefactor of the library, gave seven lots, having a frontage of 190 feet on Victoria Avenue, Pueblo, adjoining the Arkansas river, and valued at $6,000 to $8,000, all of the proceeds from the sale of which will be used for the purchase of books. Several labor organizations of Pueblo, notably the Bricklayers and Teamsters, voted to give a day's labor of every man in the union. If this labor can be used under the contract, it will be worth over $1,000. Situated as it will be at about the center of Pueblo's population and in one of the most commanding sites in the city, the new build- ing will be at once an imposing architec- tural ornament and a means of making the library more of a part of the lives of Pueblo's great wage-earning population. The Cost of Our Battleships. The cost of United States battleships per ton, of hull, machinery and fittings, but ex- clusive of armor and armament, ranges from $385 in 1896 to $656 in 1890, according to a late report of the House Naval Committee made by Rear Admiral F. T. Bowles, chief constructor, U. S. N. The report says that the $385 for the Kearsarge and Kentucky certainly included no profit to the contract- ors, and Admiral Bowles believes that the contract prices of $401 to $406 per ton for the last four battleships, the Missouri, Ohio, Virginia and Pennsylvania, contracted for in 1898-1901, do not include unreasonable profit says the Iron Trade Review. He admits that the building of the earlier battleships prob- ably netted considerable profit to the build- ers. Advance Orders for Rails. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company, says a writer in the Iron Trade Review, an- nounces that orders for steel for the lines east and west for 1903, amounting to 207,000 tons, have been placed as fol- lows: United States Steel Corporation companies, 110,000 tons; Cambria Steel Company, 38,500 tons; Pennsylvania Steel Company, 38,500 tons; Lackawanna Iron and Steel Company, 20,000 tons. Learning by Experience. "I saw that young man kiss you, Jane; how did it come about?" "In the most natural way in the world, auntie. He asked me If I would be offended if he kissed me, and I told him it was Im- possible for me to say until I knew what It was like." — Boston Transcript. MISCELLANY. 355 A Boomerang Joke. When Bill Nye was touring the country as a lecturer with James Whitcomb Riley he stopped at a well-known Chicago hotel one evening, and was escorted to a place in the big dining-room directly across the table from a dark man, with a heavy black mus- tache and a Mephistophelian goatee. Nye recognized the man opposite him to be Herr- mann, the magician, but beyond a quizzical stare gave no sign that he knew the eminent sleight of hand man. Herrman was very well aware that the bald man opposite him was Bill Nye, but did not indicate his recogni- tion by word or manner. Herrman had, in fact, prepared a little surprise for the humor- ist, relates Success, and several others seat- ed at the table were in the secret. Nye was about to lance a leaf from his salad when he espied, lying beneath it, a superb and brilliant diamond, set in a very fine gold ring. Without showing the least surprise, he lifted the ring from the salad- bowl, slipped it on his finger, conscious all the while that every eye was upon him, and, turning to Riley, who sat next to him, remarked, with his dry, inimitable drawl: "Strange how careless I am getting to be in my old age, James. I am forever leaving my jewelry in unlikely places." Herrmann was dumbfounded at the sud- den manner in which the trick had miscar- ried, but he was destined for a still greater shock, for, when the darky waiter who pre- sided over the table brought on the next course, Nye turned to him and, soberly hand- ing him the gem-set ring, said: "You are a very good waiter, Joe?" "Yes, sah. I guess I is, sah." "And you always will be a real good waiter, Joe." "Yes, sah. I'm boun' ter do ma best, sah." "I believe you, Joe, I believe you; and as an evidence of my faith in you, I want you to accept this little trifle. Wear it, and al- ways remember the man who most appre- ciated your services." The darky's eyes bulged. Herrmann's fork rattled to the floor, and he tugged at his great mustache, but was far too clever to cut in with an explanation at such an inopportune moment. There were half-sup- pressed titters all around the board during the rest of the meal, which the professor of occult art did not appear to enjoy. At a late hour that night Herrmann was heard in loud argument with the dusky recipient of the diamond ring, trying in French and Eng- lish to convince him that it was all a joke on the part of Mr. Nye. Finally, after dis- bursing a tip of more than customary liber- ality, Hermann got back his ring. He after- ward avowed that the stone alone was worth $2,000, and that Bill Nye's off-hand presenta- tion of it to the waiter had spoiled a whole evening's performance in magic. Defeated the Bicyclist. "Go and hitch up the ostrich," is not at all an absurd command on an ostrich farm. There these great birds are often harnessed to a carriage, and make fairly good substi- tutes for horses. Although they cannot draw a heavy load, their speed is a recom- mendation. At Jacksonville, Florida, there is a bird named Oliver W. that can run a mile in two minutes and twenty-two seconds. His own- ers claim that he is more satisfactory than a horse, because he eats less, never shies at anything, never runs away, and goes steadily at a good pace without laziness or fatigue. This particular ostrich appears to like his work. When the little carriage is brought out he comes running toward it at full speed, with both wings spread out, ready to have the harness put on. On one occasion a cyclist tried to pass Oliver W. on a long, smooth stretch of road. He came up behind the carriage, thinking to get ahead and escape the dust. Oliver W. thought differently. He threw his head high in the air, gave a flap with his wings, and went forward with a speed that astonished the cyclist. Putting forth more effort, the latter made another attempt to pass the ostrich, but the faster the pedals of the bi- cycle moved the faster sped the long legs of the bird. It so happened that the cyclist had a rec- ord as a fast rider, and to be distanced by an ostrich was not to his liking. For two miles he tried to pass his feathered rival, but was then obliged to give up the race, defeated. Some fast horses have tried conclusions with Oliver W., who seems to like nothing better than testing their speed, starting slowly to make them think it easy to dis- tance him, and then gradually increasing his pace. ^w. "*iSP^^ Minnequa Office Building, Steel Works Dispensary, Laboratory and Lunch Club from Viaduct at Main Main OfiSce Building. Colorado Supply Company ice to the Minnequa Steel Works, Pueblo. Colorado Supply Company's Retail Store in Distance. tore. Laboratory. Lunch Club. Dispensary. f 356 MINNEQUA WORKS. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY pdblished by the sociological depaetment of The Coloeado Fuel and Ieon Company AND devoted to NEWS FEOM THE MINES AND MILLS LAWRENCE LEWIS, Editoe Denvee Pdeblo OFFICES : Boston Building, Room 720 Minnequa Hospital Entered at the Postoffice at Denver, Colo., as second- class mail matter. SuBscEiPTiON Peice $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Saturday, Octobee 11, 1902 NOTICE. Subscribers who wish to have Camp and Plant sent to a new address should give their old address, as well as the new. The editor will not guarantee that the change will be made unless both addresses and the subscriber's name In full are given. r js^ NEAVS ITEMS j^ 3 Blast Furnace "A," which has been in process of re-lining for several weeks past, was again blown in on Thursday of this week. The furnace was originally con- structed along the lines of those in the East, where the coke is harder than that produced from Colorado coal. Considerable diflBculty was, as a consequence, experienced from the time it was blown in, August, 1901, and the output was not satisfactory. Although dur- ing the last few months, since Superinten- dent R. H. Lee took charge, the furnace has made more iron and worked more regularly than at first, yet it never gave the results hoped for. The middle of August of this year the top lining fell in, and, as the shut down to repair this would have taken sev- eral weeks, it was decided to blow the fur- nace out and reline it, making the diameter considerably smaller, so as to suit the coke conditions. Now that this has been done it is thought that, although the cubiic capa- city is less than it was before, the fur- nace will work more uniformly, more reg- ularly and more economically. The capacity will be between 300 and 325 tons of pig iron a day. October 17 and 18 will be pay days at the Minnequa Works for wages earned in Sep- tember. Owing to the shut down of blast furnace "A" for re-lining, and the conse- quent suspension of work for some time in the converter and rail mill, owing to the shortage of pig iron, the pay roll will be less for September than for August. Next week only $248,186.26 will be paid out by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, and $10,050.99 by the Colorado and Wyoming (middle division), for September, as against $265,839.88 by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, and $12,270.86 by the Colorado and Wyoming for August. The several firms doing contract work on improvements and extensions about the works, viz.: W. C. Bradbury & Co., The American Bridge Company, John Mohr & Son, The Riter-Conley Construction Com- pany, Alexander Laughlin & Company, and The Pittsburg Filter Company, paid out some $50,000 to men employed by them for work done during September. W. Hollingsworth, formerly with the Col- orado Springs Western League team, has recently been made a floating gang fore- man. H. G. Cartwright, who was ill in the hos- pital for some time, has returned to his gang. E. P. Farley has returned to his work at the laboratory. His thumb is much im- proved, and the report of last week that it had been amputated is incorrect. E. V. Stone was kept away from his work at the laboratory by a severe attack of ton- silitis, which lasted a couple of days. Tom Crocker, weighmaster at the pipe foundry, has taken a trip East to spend his vacation. Foreman EYank T. Russel vigorously de- nies any knowledge as to the scarcity of MINNEQUA WORKS. 359 provisions at the State Fair, and declares he did not attend. H. T. Parsons, floating gang foreman, has been returned to day shift and J. E. Perrine with, his gang will take the former's place on the night shift. The relining process at Furnace "A" was completed last week. The work of drying out the lining was going on until Thursday, when the furnace was blown in. R. S. Monroe and Jim Woods, gang fore- men, with their gangs, have been taken from the floating gang department and placed with the Colorado and Wyoming. Hereafter they will confine themselves to caring for the tracks around the plant and will have no connection with the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. Andy Hogg has returned to his own work and his smiling face is once more to be seen around the main office building. The Minnequa Town Company is again in charge of the Lake Park and the enter- tainments there have ceased for the season. The residents of Bessemer are rather sorry the park is closed, as it was the only place of amusement in the town. Miss Maude Hill has recently taken charge of the cash receiving department at the Colorado Supply Company's store. Henry Ditmar, at the Supply Company's store, has recovered from his illness. He returned to work a few days ago. Mrs. Martha Stuhmiller has accepted a position in the confectionery department of the store. H. C. Clancy, who was in the clothing department, has resigned and is now locat- ed permanently in Canon City. Mark Markei was very unpleasantly in- terrupted at his work last week by the sher- iff. He will be taken to Leadville to ac- count for some hundreds of dollars that were found to be missing shortly after his departure. Markei was in A. J. De Groot's floating gang. It is rumored that all the floating gangs are hereafter to be given some night work and that no one gang will be kept perma- nently on the long shift, which will be an innovation in the management of the gangs, and one that the foremen will or will not be glad to hear, according as they are on day or night work. George Powell's wife and little daughter have gone East to spend a few months. J. D'. Mattice and wife, with their young son, the first a brother of C. C. Mattice, timekeeper, will settle in Pueblo for a year or so and possibly permanently. C. M. Schenck, president of the Colorado Supply Company, was in town on business last week. Thomas Crowe, superintendent of the con- verter, took a short trip into the mountains last week. John Kane, chief watchman, has been en- joying his vacation at Wagon Wheel Gap. Robert Linfoot has returned from his va- cation, which he spent in the East. James McVey, assistant superintendent of the converter, has returned from the Bast after a pleasant vacation. The converter and rail mill were shut down for a short time last week on ac- count of a shortage of pig iron. Now that "A" furnace has started, the supply of pig iron will be sufficient to keep the converter in constant operation. W. C. Walsh, in the bridge construction gang, went to Cripple Creek last Fl-iday to attend the funeral of his father. The lat- ter was a business man at the Creek and Mr. Walsh will inherit a considerable sum of money. J. F. Nolan is the happy purchaser of a very fine new watch. Hart Reese, in the shipping department, paid a flying visit to the Springs last Sun- day. Mrs. Ben Van Fossen was Indisposed last week, and we are sorry to record that Ben missed the game on Sunday. A. L. Connor, superintendent of the tin plate mill, after having managed the re- lining of blast furnace "A," has now re- turned to the tin plate mill and will re- commence operations down there right away. C. J. Mullen is now working in the spike mill. Frankie Shaw is again on duty at the converter and is attending to the pulpit this time. John Stockton was out rowing on the lake last week when a severe squall arose. The boat he was in was barely able to with- stand the sea, and only the excellent oars- manship of Mr. Stockton saved him from a serious disaster. The Homestead baseball team, which has played here so much this season, will form itself into an indoor baseball club this win- ter and try to be as expert at the indoor game as they have been at the other. 360 MINNEQUA WORKS— BASE BALL. Harry Cambridge, who has been planning to go to South America, has finally received word from home advising him very strongly to take that step. He will be gone two years, and on his return he expects to be rich enough to get married. Paul Hargrave, A. M, Clendennen and J. J. Firestone returned from their Western trip October 6. While away they visited Salt Lake, Portland, Seattle, San Francisco, Los Angeles and El Paso. During their stay at the Golden Gate City they witnessed the review of the troops at the Presidio by Lieu- tenant-General Nelson A. Miles; also visited the battleship Oregon, lying in the harbor. The trip covered almost 5,500 miles over the finest and worst part of the Western coun- try. The residents of Robinsonville have been undergoing the very unique experience of having their town moved to a new loca- tion. Robinsonville stood just north of the north boundary fence, about on a line with the new open-hearth building. Robinson- ville is being transferred farther east be- yond the Philadelphia smelter. The town itself consists of a few dozen houses, a hotel and a school, and while the task of changing its location is not as great as might be imagined, it is nevertheless a difficult one. Blast Furnace "E" is progressing very rapidly and is now nearing completion. The steel structural work is about finished and the process of lining the furnace proper should commence in a short time. The steel ore bins have been extended not only as far as would be necessary, for "E", but beyond that, and the steel structure is al- ready up for the bins that Furnace "F" will utilize. The boiler house for Furnace "E" Is to be immediately south of the rail mill boiler house. The foundations have been commenced, and the building itself will soon be rising above the ground. Among the new furnaces the one nearest to completion is "D," which was the first one begun, and will no doubt be in opera- tion before any of the others. The work on "F" has not yet been started, but the number of cars that come in with loads of steel structure and brick indicates that even this one will soon be showing itself. Last Monday work was commenced in the draughting room on the plans for Furnace "F." The cost sheets for September were made up at the Minnequa Works this time instead of at Denver, as has been customary here- tofore. This is an innovation which will hereafter be made permanent in the process of getting the men paid and winding up the business of the month. Several clerks will come down on the first of each month to make up the cost sheets and take them back to Denver when completed. F. W. Rich- ards, W. H. Chandler, P. R. Williams, E. R. Adams and F. B. Sharps were here this mouth, and, besides having found them very clever workmen, it is reported around the Works that they have also been found to be very good fellows. Joseph Piute, operator of the cold saw in the merchant mills, has a new girl at his home, and has been off a week past cele- brating with his friends. The baby arrived Tuesday, September 30. The twenty-inch mill has again gone on double shift after having been running single turn for a period of four months. The ten-year-old son of Harry Raven, of the timekeeping department, is down with typhoid fever, and is seriously ill. C. F. & I., 13; Old Homesteads, 2. The Colorado Fuel and Iron team has been revenged, likewise the "fans." Old Homesteads have met an ignominious defeat at their hands and we are all celebrating. The disaster to the Old Homesteads hap- pened last Sunday on the home grounds. The cause is very apparent. The reorgan- ization of the team with the new timber in Colorado Fuel and Iron uniform had much to do with it. The whole team, however, did well. Shaw pitched the game of his life, having the best of control, great speed and excellent support behind him. The team has not played a better game this season, the fielding was of the first or- der. The C. F. & I. boys bunched their two errors, otherwise the Old Homesteads would not have scored. As it was, two men crossed the plate in the sixth owing to Hemphill and Hollingsworth's errors. The invincible Ew- ing, who has not lost a game in two sea- sons, was batted out of the box in the third inning and Galgano was substituted. The C. F. & I. did about as they pleased with his curves. They began their hitting early in the game. The first seven men that came to the plate hit the ball, and it needed lit- tle more to send Ewing out of the way. This BASE BALL-COALBASIN. 361 was consummated in the third, when he was retired after five men had crossed the plate. Bearwald, who started to catch the game for the home team, was injured in the third inning and compelled to retire, he having his right hand badly torn by a foul tip. Groves, who took his place, played an ex- cellent game. Next week the Old Home- steads will play again and endeavor to re- trieve their lost laurels, but the name Home- steads will never strike the terror to the Colorado Fuel and Iron team it seemed to do formerly. While the Old Homestead nine may play a better game next Sunday than they did last time, the result no one now doubts. Following is the score in detail: Colorado Fuel and Iron. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Robson, third base 5 1 1 1 2 Hahn, center field 3 3 3 1 Derby, left field 3 3 1 Hollingsworth, short stop 4 2 115 1 Hemphill, second base... 3 113 2 1 Groves, catcher 3 1 1 7 2 Baerwald, catcher 2 1 1 2 Gaston, right field 4 1 4 1 Lee, first base 5 2 10 Shaw, pitcher 4 2 2 1 Totals 36 13 15 27 14 3 Old Homesteads. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Good, catcher 4 10 5 3 Eichoff, second base 4 1 1 3 3 2 Berkendahl, s s & 3d base 4 14 10 Grayson, left & right field 4 2 2 Ewing, pitcher & left field 4 10 10 Galgano, 3rd base & pitch 3 15 1 Mesch, first base 3 4 1 NehofC, r. f. & short stop. 3 3 13 Roberts, center field 3 1 32 2 3* 23 14 9 * Derby out for improper base running. Score by Innings. 1 23456789 Old Homesteads 0000200 0—2 C. F. &I 30510400 *— 13 Summary: Stolen bases — Hollingsworth 2, Gaston. Double plays — Eichoff to Mesch, Galgano to Good to Mesch. Two base hits — Lee. Three base hit — Hemphill. Bases on balls— Off Shaw, 2; off Galgano, 6. Hit by pitched balls — By Shaw, 1; by Galgano, 1. Struck out — By Shaw, 9 ; by Ewing, 1 ; by Galgano, 2. Passed balls — Groves, 2; Good, 3. Wild pitches — Galgano, 1. Earned runs — C. F. & I.. 7; Old Homesteads, 0. Left on bases— C. F. & I., 7; Old Homesteads, 4. Time of game — 2:10. Umpire — Harris, Scorer — Righter. COALBASIN. Mr. Hanawald visited Redstone October 1. Quite a number of Coalbasinites attended the minstrel show at Redstone the evening of September 27. The exhibition was given ty Aspen talent. All expressed themselves well pleased with the show. After the en- tertainment a ball was given in the opera house. The night was one of mirth and fun.' The party arrived at Coalbasin at 7 a. m. with sleepladen eyes, and were soon sweetly folded in the arms of Morpheus. Mr. Yewell was up from Redstone and invoiced the stock of goods of the Coalbasin Club. The Sunday school which was organized some weeks ago is well attended, and prom- ises to be quite an addition to the moral- izing forces of our camp. Dr. W. E. Ashby lectured to the school children last Saturday. Mrs. E. Bailey, county superintendent, of Aspen, in company with Mrs. Keir, secretary of the school board of Redstone, and Mrs. O'- Neil and Mrs. Whitney, of La Placita, visited the school October 1. The officers of the Sunday school met with Mrs. W. E. Ashby October 2, to select Sunday school papers, cards, etc., for the Sabbath school children. William McNichols, county treasurer; H. W. Clark, attorney; Judge Spueil, Robert Brown, Mr. Malqueen and Thomas Brown, all of Aspen, were visitors in our camp Sep- tember 28. We have been experiencing some winter weather the last week. Some snow and freezing temperature, but only a foretaste of what is soon to come. The new addition to the Club House will soon be completed. Box No. 1 of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company circulating library was received a few days ago. The books are first class, and are being read by old and young. Mrs. Linsky and baby departed a few days 362 COALBASIN—FIERRO— GIBSON— LIME— REDSTONE. ago for Starkville for a month's visit witli her brother, Mr. Schurman, who lately moved from Coalbasin to that place. W. E. A. FIERRO, N. M. Mrs. Hohl of Ouray, Colorado, is visiting her daughter, Mrs. M. Collins, of this place. I-eandro Ring, a miner at the Mother Lode Mine, was killed on the third inst. by a fall- ing ledge of rock. The coroner's jury gave a verdict of unavoidable accident. T. H. O'Brien and his estimable wife enter- tained their friends at cards on the evening of the first. C. F. B. GIBSON, NEW MEXICO. The Misses McGinn and Howard have re- turned from a long visit in California. Both report having had a pleasant time, and are much improved in health. Mr. Hills, Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany geologist, who is in charge of the briquette plant construction, was called to Denver Tuesday of last week. Mrs. Adam French, who has been in Colo- rado for some time, has returned to the Catalpa mine, of which her husband is su- perintendent. John Shower, who was placed in the Gib- son hospital September 28 with a badly con- tused foot, is doing well. James McGinn, son of Superintendent Hugh McGinn, is preparing to. open an In- dian trading store north of Gibson. James is a bright and worthy young man and his friends wish him success. There was recently a prize given by the Colorado Supply Company to the delivery- man who maintained the most efficient and handsome delivery equipment in the Com- pany's service. This prize was captured by two men: our Mr. Nance and the Minne- qua driver, between whom it was impossible to decide first place, so the reward went to those two gentlemen jointly. We do not wonder that Mr. Nance came in for first place, for he is one of those competent fel- lows who always do their work well and who are ever punctual and painstaking. There is some talk among the young people here of starting a movement to pro- cure somehow an amusement hall for Gib- son where entertainments can be had in convenient and comfortable quarters with- out going to the present trouble of prepar- ing the schoolhouse each time. This is al- ways in conflict, more or less, with the school work. Such a movement will cer- tainly obtain the support of all Gibson people, and we have no doubt the Company would assist us in the undertaking. Mr. Burledge, our well known barber and deputy sheriff, was placed in the Gibson hospital Thursday. LIME. Mr. Stone, our new Denver and Rio Grande agent, has taken the place of A. W. Harrell, transferred. Mrs. F. L. Reynolds is still away on a va- cation visiting her parents. Mr. and Mrs. Dustin of Salida were re- cent visitors of their daughter, Mrs. T. J. Quinn. There was a dance at the section house Friday evening of last week. All report an enjoyable time. We wonder if H. B. Tucker was the violinist. The quarry was shut down on Thursday and part of Friday on account of too much rain and mud. A new engine has been installed at the crusher and much better work can now be done. The infant son of Frank Giardine, who was recently injured by a fall, is rapidly re- covering. School is progressing nicely under the management of Mr. Cush. About thirty pu- pils are enrolled. H. J. S. REDSTONE. The Redstone opera house was formally opened on Saturday evening, September 27, the entertainment being furnished by the Happy Hooligan Minstrels and Burlesque Opera Company of Aspen. Following is the program : Opening Chorus By the Company. Song, "Caroline" Rich Pitts Song, "When the Blue Sky Turns to Gold" R. Nickel Song, "My Filipino Lady" Charles La Bronte Song. "Absence Makes the Heart Grow Fonder" Robert Davey REDSTONE— ROCK VALE. 363 Song, "Ain't Dat a Shame". . . .William Bray Song, "The Game of Eyes" . .George R. Cole Song, "It Ain't No Lie" Charles Lee Song, "On the Road to Mandalay" Robert Browne Finale, "When Old Glory Waves" Company Selection, "King Dodo" Orchestra The Wonderful Clog Dancers, Black and Lee. "The Booking Agency," an original sketch by the comedians, Davey and Pitts. The great Hunn and Gilbert. An exposition of Buck and Wing dancing, Mr. Thomas Pitts. An original burlesque, "Pinafore Up to Date." Characters: Uncle Sam, "The Only" E. L. Peisar Captain Hobson, "The Original Kiss- ing Bug" Robert Browne Carrie Nation, "The Dainty Kansas Belle" Robert Davey George Dewey, "Reduced to the Ranks" Robert Nickel Hebe, "Uncle Sam's Principal Back- er" William Nichols Boatswain Charles La Bronte Sailors, Maidens, Etc. It is hard to discriminate where all did so well, but it is only fair to give special mention to Mr. Charles Lee, who excelled in comedy, and Mr. Robert Browne, who sang in excellent voice, and was roundly ap- plauded. Davey and Pittts got off some ex- cellent local hits that were well received, driving at Superintendent Gibb, Horace Newell, J. B. Bowen, Evan Williams, D. P. McCarthy and W. J. Reilley. The bur- lesque, "Pinafore Up to Date," is a highly amusing parody from the pen of Robert Nickel, containing many funny things and intensely amusing situations. It is a very creditable piece of comic play writing. The following program was carried out Saturday evening, October 4, at the opera house : Two selections Redstone Band Kinetoscope Pictures. Selection Redstone Band Trombone Solo Jocco and Ross Kinetoscope Pictures. Selection Redstone Band Redstone Orchestra Selection . . .Prof. Jocco and J. Merlino, Frank Jocco, E. Merlino, Bert Ross. Baritone Solo Tony Madonna Cornet Solo Frank Jocco Grand Finale Redstone Band We are sorry to record the loss by fire of E. H. Grubb's residence. The fire occurred Monday of last week at 7 p. m. The sum of $1,500, for which it was insured, will not half cover the loss to the house. Mrs. Bailey, county superintendent of schools, visited the schools at Redstone and Coalbasin last week. She was the guest of Mrs. Rose K. Wright. Mr. and Mrs. Riddell drove up from Car- bondale Wednesday night, the Rio Grande train being several hours late. A. T. ROCKVALE. The town board is actively engaged in repairing the streets. The recent floods caused heavy washouts. Householders are making many additions to their residences and our town is booming in every way. The family of J. P. Thomas leaves Wednes- day for Glenwood Springs, their new home. The good wishes of the community go with them. Ben Richardson, one of our business men, was slightly indisposed Sunday. Mrs. Thomas Morgan, an old resident of Williamsburg, died suddenly Saturday morn- ing last from pneumonia. She is mourned by many children, grandchildren and friends. School has started with an enormous at- tendance. A new primary teacher will be engaged, and as far as known no kindergar- ten will be held this year. The Italian band is improving rapidly and soon will give public concerts. This is an organization deserving of the help and good will of everyone in the district. Tony Bruno, one of the crack players in the band, suffered an accident last week which will disable him for ten days. Much sickness is reported in the district, including many cases of typhoid fever. Boiled water is the preventive. Messrs. McMechen and Watts of the en- gineering department of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company of Denver, made a busi- ness trip to this city the 7th inst. A tea party was given last Sunday even- ing by Mr. and Mrs. Snyder in honor of their guest. Miss Mason of Chicago. Miss St. 364 ROCKVALE— ROUSE. The Sort of Houses the Mexican Employes Built for Themselves at Segundo. Cyr and Messrs. Tenasie and Osborn were among the guests present, and report a de- lightful time. W. A. W. ROUSE. Born, Sunday, September 28, to Mr. and Mrs. W. S. Patchen, a little daughter. Mrs. M. T. Brennan and baby have re- turned from a short visit at Walsenburg. Clair Gibson of Pennsylvania is the guest of J. J. Porter and family. Miss Lillis of Walsenburg was here Saturday and Sunday, the guest of Mrs. M. T. Brennan. Miss Curtis, the teacher at Primrose, was a caller here Saturday. Miss Adelle Porter and her cousin, Mr. Gibson, were at Primrose Saturday after- noon. Mrs. J. J. Porter and her sister, Mrs. Watson of Pryor, have returned from their visit at Trinidad. James Martinez has resumed his old po- sition as tipple boss at the mine here — a position he held for several years. Mr. O'Neil has gone to the hospital at Pueblo to receive treatment for an injured hand. We are glad to welcome Mr. and Mrs. Garret and daughter, who have recently moved here from Pueblo. Mr. Garret has the position of day engineer on the switch engine. The work of taking coal from the mine, which was flooded recently, will soon be resumed again. The work of pumping the water out has been very successful, and those having it in charge are feeling elated. The Railroads and the Steel Industry. Statements furnished by the railroads entering Pittsburg to the municipal authori- ties show that the cost of railroad improve- ments made in that city within the last two years and now under way will aggre- gate $35,000,000, says the Iron Trade Review. A large proportion of this expense has been caused by the steadily increasing demands of the United States Steel Corporation for additional transportation facilities. MISCELLANY. 365 The Pekin Library. The great fires which devastated so large a portion of the city of Pekin during the siege of the legation buildings in the summer of 1900 caused a loss to the literature of the world which can be compared to nothing except, perhaps, the destruction of the great classical library at Alexandria by fire nearly thirteen hundred years ago. The Hanlin college, an institution so an- cient that even tradition has preserved no account of its origin, was completely de- stroyed, and with it the immense store of books which had been collected through many centuries. Some of these were in manuscript, and others were rare old copies of the very earli- est printed books — and more than a thou- sand years ago the Chinese could print nearly as well as they do to-day. There was also a great library of modern volumes, and in many instances the wooden blocks from which these were printed had been pre- served along with the books themselves. Hardly a single one escaped the fire. Particularly unfortunate was the loss of the only remaining copy of a monumental work which the Chinese call the "Yung Lo Ta Tien" — or the "Veritable Records," as the words may be translated. This extraor- dinary compilation makes all our modern en- cyclopedias appear insignificant in size. It was prepared by order of an emperor of the Ming dynasty in the early years of the fif- teenth century, and two thousand one hun- dred and sixty-nine scholars are said to have been employed upon the task. The "Veri- table Records" included everything of value which had ever been written in Chinese up to the time of its compilation, in the fields of history, philosophy, general literature, science, religion, medicine, art, or the handi- crafts. The work was divided into twenty-two thousand eight hundred and seventy-seven sections, and bound in eleven thousand one hundred volumes, which all together con- tained nine hundred and seventeen thousand four hundred and eighty pages. When it is remembered that the great "Encyclopaedia Britannica" contains only twenty-five or thirty thousand pages, the immense size of this compendium of Chinese learning and literature may be imagined. More than a century after the original work was completed, two copies of it were made. The original and one of the copies were destroyed at the downfall of the Ming dynasty in 1644, and now the copy preserved in the Hanlin college has met the same fate. Five volumes only were saved from the flames, and these are now in the possession of Professor Giles of the University of Cam- bridge. It is possible, however, that these five slender volumes will be of more service and interest to the world at large than the complete work has ever been, for so jealous were the Chinese scholars of their venerated relic that no foreigner was ever allowed so much as to look upon it. It should be added that the allied troops were not responsible for this act of vandal- ism. The Hanlin college was fired by the Chinese themselves during the disorders of the siege, either through the lawlessness of a riotous mob, or else because the schoIars,^ jealous of their venerable and almost sacred storehouse of national literature, preferred to see the books in ashes rather than ex- posed to the contaminating touch of the foreigner. No Respecter of Persons. The late Mackintosh of Mackintosh, who, it may be well to explain, was the chief of a Scotch clan, was once on a visit to London. During his stay, says The Candid Friend, he got into a dispute with his cab driver over the fare. "Perhaps you do not know who I am," he said, at last, when all other arguments had tailed. "I am the Mackintosh." "I don't care if you're the humberella, too." returned the unimpressed cabby. "The fare is one and six, and that's what I wants." ■i^^w^ The Sort of Houses that the Company Builds for Them. 366 ITALIAN DEPARTMENT. C RISTOFORO COLOMB O Narrazione Storica compilata sulle opere di suo figlio Fernando; di Antonio Gallo, suo contemporaneo e sugli scritti degti storici e critici posteriori: se- guita da un inno popolare Colombiano musicato dal M. Giovanni Basso. XXIII. SAN SALVADORE. Dopo contemplata in silenzio quella riva incantata, figlia dei suoi calcoli scientiftci, la trovo superiore al suo pensiero, ne la sua immaginazione era stata inoperosa ad or- narla di quante bellezze e prestigi concede 1' ignoto, ma la realta questa volta la vin- ceva suir aspettazione. Egli ardeva d' im- pazienza di stampare la prima orma di piede europeo su quella sabbia, di inalberarvi e il segno della croce e la bandiera di Spagna, consacrando cosi la conquista morale e la oonquista materiale dal suo genio compiute. *Ia e' voleva che la presa di possesso di un nuovo mondo avesse tutta la possibile solen- nita, e 1' imponenza di un' atto, quale mag- giore non s' era veduto; voleva chiamar Dio € gli Angeli, il mare la terra, il cielo in tes- timonio della sua conquista sul piii difficile elemento — 1' ignoto. Indossati adunque i suoi distintivi come ammiraglio dell' Oceano e vicere dei regni I'uturi; copertosi del mantello di porpora, e impugnato nella dritta mano lo stendardo ricamato, con sopra una croce e le cifre di Ferdinando e Isabella insieme congiunte come i regni loro, e sormontate dalla comu- ne corona, discese nella sua scialuppa, e mosse seguito dalle scialuppe di Alonzo Pin- zon e Jones Pinzon, suoi luogotenenti, verso la riva. Toccando la terra cadde a ginocctii per ringraziare e lodare 11 buon Dio, che ave- va ispirato il grande concetto, e aiutatane r attuazione, e s' era d' un uomo giovato alia piii alta impresa la riunione di un mon- do diviso. Poi bacid quella vergine terra, e stette lungamente pensando e piangendo. "Iddio eterno e onnipotente" sclamd, Co- lombo, rialzando la fronta dalla polvere, "Dio buono che per la forza della tua parola cre- asti il cielo, il mare, la terra! sia il tuo norae benedetto, sia la tua maestS. glorificata di secolo in secolo, e giacchg permettesti che 1' ultimo dei tuoi servi scorprisse questa parte ignorata del tuo impero, fa che ques- ta giovane terra ti conosca, ti esalti e ti adori." Dopo di che diede a quell' isola il sacro nome di San-Salvadore. I marinai infrattanto, rapita dalla gioia e compresi da ammirazione inverso 1' uomo che avea veduto oltreil mondo visibile, cad- dero aisuoi piedi, baciarono le sue mani e i suoi abiti quasi a chieder perdono dell' aver dubitato. In quel punto e' conobbero donola sovranita del genio potente, e' china- rono il capo innanzi la divinitS, del pensiero. Vittime ieri dell' ostinazione di quell' uomo, oggi felici della sua costanza e compagni del suo trionfo, e risplendenti di quella gloria, che prima aveano bestemmiata. Cosi e fat- ta r umanita: persegue chi comincia, ma chi riesce leva a cielo. Durante quella devota cerimonia, gli abi- tanti deir isola rattenuti dapprima dalla pau- ra, ma poco a poco spinti dalla curiositS,, che e primo legame fra 1' uomo e 1' uomo, s' av- vicinarono. E attoniti 1' un altro si chiede- vano qual mai nuovo spettacolo stesse loro davanti. Que' vascelli che si moveano, quel- le antenne, que' cordami e quelle vele agi- tatisi e spiegatisi quali vaste membra di un corpo sotto r impulso di un intero pensiero, loro apparivano come esseri animati e so- prannaturali, discesi durante le tenebre dal firmamento di cristallo, come abitanti del cielo, che scuotevano le ali o volavano suir acque. e approdavano a piacer loro sul- la terra. Cosi nel vedere le scialuppe ac- costarsi alia riva, e quegli uomini rivestiti d' armi e tessuti che ripercuotevano i raggi del sole, e splendevano di luce, metter piede neir isola, mossero verso loro abbagliati e affascinati. Gli Spagnuoli, facendosi anch' essi ad esa- minare quegli uomini seminudi, maraviglia- ronsi di non trovare in loro caratteri fisici di conformazione e di colore simili a' carat- teri della schiatta africana, asiatica ed euro- pea. La loro tinta bruna e lucida come il rame, i capegli sparsi sullespalle, gli occhi azzurri come quel cielo, gli sguardi profondi come quel mari, i delicati e quasi femminili lineament!, la fisonomia confidente ed aper- ta, la loro nudity, infine, e i vari disegni a colori sulle loro membra, dimostravano una schiatta interamente diversa dalle umane ITALIAN DEPARTMENT. 367 famiglie sparse sull' antico emisfero, schiat- ta ancora serbante la semplicita e la dolcez- za iiilantile, schiatta dimenticata per tanti secoli in quel remote angolo di terra, la quale avea coll' ignoranza mantenuta I'in- genuita, 11 candore e la bonta naturale. E Colombo persuaso che quell' isola fosse parte dell' arcipelago Indiano, diede a que' primi abitanti del nuovo mondo il nome d' Indian!, nome che serbarono dappoi, essendo r errore geografico entrato nella lingua. Ben presto codesti indiani, dimesticatisi cogli ospiti loro, vennero mostrando le sor- genti del paese, le abitazioni, i villaggi, i canotti e portarono in tributo, come inferlori ai superiori, i migliori frutti, le focaccie di mais. ed altri viveri, che erano agli Spagnu- oli necessari; come pure parecchi ornamenti d' oro puro, che portavano sospeci alle orec- chle ad alle narici, o in forma di braccialetti o di collane intorno 11 coUo ad ai polsi delle mani. Dessi ignoravano 1' uso della moneta, codesto supplemento venale ma necessario alia virtu dell' ospitalita; cosi ricevevano in cambio con gioia i minimi oggetti appar- tenenti agli Europei, e il cui solo pregio, ma gran pregio, era la novita. Raro e pregiato vuol dir sempre lo stesso in ogni parte della terra. Gli Spagnuoli che cercavano il paese deir oro e delle perle, subito informaronsi a segni donde provenisse quel metallo e quelle pietre preziose si comuni tra loro. Risposero gl' Indiani indicando il mezzdii; e r ammiraglio e i suoi compagni pensarono che vi avesse non lungi a mezzodi un' altra isole od un continente, forse quello tanto decantato do Marco Polo per le sue meravig- lie e ricchezze; credettero non esser lontani dair isoli favolosa di Cipangu, in cui 1' im- peratore camminava su lastere d' oro riful- genti. Cosi impazienti di toccare quel nuovo paese desiato dalla loro avidita e segnato nella loro immaginazione, prontamente ritor- narono sui vascelli. Gia s' erano provveduti di fresca acqua. attinta a' ruscelli dell' isola, e di frutta e di quanto quel fecondo paese produceva e quel buoni Indiani largamente donavano. E un indiano seco condussero, afflnche loro insegnasse la lingua e servisse d' interprete. (Continua ) Almost As Many Brothers as Visiting Sis- ters at West Point. The father had been to the boarding school to pay a surprise visit to his daughter, his only child, according to a story in Tit- Bits. He had parted from her, proud to be the parent of such a handsome maiden, pleased with the innocence of budding wom- anhood. The principal accompanied him to the door. "Madam," he said, with deep feeling, "I owe you much for the manner in which you have reared my child since she has been under your care. When I notice the con- trast between that innocent maiden and some of the girls of her age who have not had the advantage of such strict supervision, I feel that I have indeed done wisely in plac- ing her in your charge." "And how proud you must be," said the principal, glowing with satisfaction, "to be the father of so large and devoted a family." "Large! devoted!" gasped the proud par- ent. "What do you mean?" "Devoted to each other," said the princi- pal. "No fewer than seven of Clara's broth- ers have been here during the last three weeks to take her out, and she is expecting another to-morrow." To be natural, however artificial the cir- cumstances, is the perfection of good man- ners. — Life. Mont Pelee is described as yawning. The in'.:abitants of Martinique are watching the volcano in vain for some symptoms of lock- jav,'. One of Our Little Friends at Primero. YOLUIE II SATURDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1902 Number 16 'Uhe Minnequa WorKs Today How Far the Work of Enlargement Has Progressed and When the Various Mills Will Start Work — How the Plant Looks at Present. HE accompanying pictures give a good idea of what progress has been made on the new mills at the Minnequa Works of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company at Pueblo. Any- one who will compare this "Steel Works Number II." of Camp and Plant with the first "Steel Works Number" (Vol. I., No. 26) published June 7, 1902, will be struck by the great changes which the four months and a half have wrought. Be- low is a concise statement of when the va- rious new mills will be in operation: The Blast Furnaces. Three blast furnaces are in operation — "A," which has just been blown in after re- lining, and the old furnaces, "B" and "C." Furnace "D" will probably be blown in with- in six weeks. Work is being pushed on Fur- nace "E," and plans are being drawn for Site for the Sheet Mill and Tin Plate Mill. Part of Wire Mill in Middle Distance. Although this piature was taken several months ago it is more interesting than later views becauseit shows the great distance from this site to the blast furnaces. All of the intervening space will be covered with mills and trackage. The extreme length of the Minnequa Works from the Northern Avenue fence on the north to the plate and sheet mills on the south is 6,700 feet. The width of the works from the Open-Hearth Plant on the east to the west fence is :i,000 feet. 370 CAMP AND PLANT. "F." Each of the new furnaces will pro- duce from 300 to 325 tons of pig iron each day. The ore, coke and limestone bins are completed for the first four furnaces, and those for "F" are being put up now. New Bessemer Plant. The new Bessemer steel mill, comprising two fifteen-ton vessels, three ten-foot iron cupolas and two seven-foot spiegel cupolas, will be started some time in November of this year. New Rail Mill. The new rail mill — comprising the old mill and the so-called rail mill extension— will be running soon after January 1, 1903. Open Hearth. The open hearth plant will be in operation some time in March, 1903. Merchant Mill. The new merchant mill will commence op- erations some time within a year. New Forty-Inch Reversing Blooming Mill. The forty-inch blooming mill, for rolling blooms and billets for the merchant mills and rod mills, and slabs for the plate mill, will begin running in January or February. 1903. Rod Mill. As soon as the forty-inch blooming mill starts, the rod mill will be ready to begin operations. Wire Mill. The wire mill is even now almost ready to begin turning out all sorts of wire, but can- not, of course, be opened until the rod mill, which furnishes the material for making wire, begins work. Plate Mill and Sheet Mill. It will be almost a year before the plate Boiler House. Engine House. Furnace Stack. Stoves. Blast Furnace "A." This view well illustrates the different external parts of "A" Furnace of which, except for minor modifica- tions, "_D," " E" and " F" are duplicates. Each of these furnaces is 20 feet x 95 feet, is fitted with automatic skip hoists and with the very best and most modern equipment. Tliis view was talfen, however, before the ore, coke and limestone bins, from which the skip is now automatically loaded, were installed. There are four stoves to each furnace, 21 feet in diameter by 106 feet high. Each of the tall draft stacks is 12 feet 6 inches in diameter in the clear, by 210 feet high. CAMP AND PLANT. 371 mill and the sheet mill will be ready to start. Power Plant. The new electric plant is now furnishing all the power required at present, and new generators will be installed as soon as they are needed. Shops and New Foundry. The shops, the completion of which has given the plant one of the most extensive shop systems of any steel works in the coun- try, consisting of machine shop, boiler shop, smith shop, roll shop, pattern and carpenter shops, have been completed for over a year. Most of the cars for mines of the company are built here, and a great part of the re- pair work for the entire Colorado Fuel and Iron Company system is done here. The large new foundry, an interior view of which is shown on page 385, will be ready for work within a few weeks. "C" "D" 'E' Boiler House for •• E " Blast Furnaces "A," "B," "C," "D" and "E" and Site for "F." This line of furnaces and bins is 1,760 feet long or one-third of a mile. 372 CAMP AND PLANT. Soaking Pit Building Dimensions: 222 feet long by 62 feet 6 inches wide, with a lean-to 22 feet 7!4 inches wide running the whole length of the building. Interior of 40-Inch Blooming Mill CAMP AND PLANT. 373 Boilers for N«w 40-Inch Blooming Mill and Merchant Mill. Frameworic of 40-Inch Blooming Mill 374 CAMP AND PLANT. Pumping Plant. The new pumping plant is now all in- stalled; and has sufficient capacity to sup- ply all the needs of the plant with all the enlargements projected. Pipe Foundry. For the present, at least, there will be no enlargement of the pipe foundry, which has been in operation for some years, and a view of which is shown on page 384. New Track System. Work on the new yard and track system is progressing, but will not be completed for some time. Steel Bridge Over D. &. R. G. Tracks. This bridge carries the middle division of the Colorado and Wyoming Railway over the Denver and Rio Grande Railway tracks. The molten slag from the furnaces will be carried in pot cars on this railway to reservoirs Nos. 2 and 3, along the sides and bottoms of which it will be dumped so as to prevent seepage. ^mmttnt IMxana. m Festa Colombiana in Pueblo. |A FESTA per commemorare 1' Immor- tale scopritore del nuovo mondo, cel- ebratasi in Pueblo Domenica 12 Otto- bre sotto gli auspici della Loggia No. 62 della Federazione Colombiana, fu grandosa e bril- lante, tale da destare un immensa ammira- zione fra gli Americani, i quali la dichiararo- no bella oltre ogni dire. Dopo un" imponent- issima parata alia quale presero parte le quattro Society, Italiane locali, e dopo la so- lenne benedizione della bandiere, la parata in corpo si diresse verso mezzogiorno al Min- eral Palace, un prezioso monument© d'arte. Quivi varii oratori presero la parola, e fra essi jspecialmente si distinsero i signori C. F. Delliquadri, Dr. Rodolfo Albi, H. Chiari- gllone, Fortunato Anselmo, Peter Albi e Massimo R. De Ricci i quali si ebbero merit- ati e fragorosi applausi. In questo frattempo giunsero del telegrammi di varie Society, del Colorado, le quali auguravano successo alia festa, salute ai fratelli e trionfo alia Federazione. La lettura di questi tele- grammi fatta dal signer H. Chiarlglione, Presidente della Federazione Colombiana fu accolta con fragorosi applausi. Frattanto fu mandate un telegramma al Presidente Roosevelt, pregandolo di occu- parsi attivamente onde venga presto decre- tato il "Columbus Day." Al terminare dei discorsi ebbe luogo un fraterno banchetto al quale presero parte molti degli intervenuti; finite il pranzo, fra le squillanti note della marcia Reale ebbero principio le danze con musica maestrevolmente eseguita ora dalla banda del bravo Prof. Q. D. Colistro ed ora dalla scelta orchestra dell' Opera House. II ballo animatissimo duro' flno a mezza- notte e la festa lascio' in tutti una bella impressione. Arnijlo, B., of El Moro, who was admitted to the hospital August 2 with a contused right ankle, is some better. Barteck, Steve, of Starkville, who was admitted to the hospital September 8 on ac- count of typhoid fever, is walking about. Beloti, Joe, of Brookside, who came to the hospital September 13 suffering with typhoid fever, is doing well and is up and around. Brown, William, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital July 16 with a fractured right leg and left thigh, is walking about on crutches and has gone home. Calangie, Parle, of Segundo, who came to the hospital September 6 with a fractured left shoulder blade, is improving. Chappetti, Pete, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerrillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 with a hepatic abscess (abscess of the liver), and who was operat- ed upon July 5, is now walking about out- doors and is improving. Conti, Dana, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with twa broken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg, and had erysipelas, but is getting better. Coradina, Joseph, of Starkville, who was admitted to the hospital August 28 on ac- CAMP AND PLANT. 375 count of a fractured right hand, went home October 14. Degarro, Charles, of Tabasco, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 25 on ac- count of typhoid fever, is better this week. Delmar, Frank, of Starkville, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 10 on ac- count of typhoid fever, had a relapse, but is again better. Garagliano, Louis, of Berwind, who came to the hospital September 15, and who was operated upon for tubercular glands on the right side of his neck, is better and is now up and around. Hanley, Barney, of Anthracite, who was admitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a fractured left collarbone, has gone home. Hegedus, Joseph, of Primero, who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is im- proved and is walking about the yard. Hunter, Harry, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital in Pueblo September 13 suffering from typhoid fever, is improv- ing. Innes, C. S., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital September 27 on account of a fractured leg, is doing well. Jones, Thomas, of Coal Creek, who was admitted to the hospital August 30 on ac- count of a fractured right thigh, is walking around. Kinney, Fred, of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital October 11 on account of typhoid fever, is seriously ill. Klingholz, W. H., a member of the survey- ing party at work on the reservoir near Leadville, who was admitted to the hospital October 10 on account of bronchitis, is im- proving. Krai, Frank, of Primero, who was admitted to the hospital October 7 on account of paralysis of both arms, is slightly better, as he is now able to move part of his left arm. Lavas, Peter, of Rockvale, who came to the hospital August 21 on account of a frac- tured left leg, is walking around now. McGann, James, of Tercio, who came to the hospital September 13 for amputation of the second, third and fourth fingers of his right hand, is getting along nicely. Mankalo, Mike, of Berwind, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a double fracture of the right thigh, is doing well. Building for Open-Heartli Furnaces Dimensions of building : 550 feet long, 131 feet wide. Each of the six furnaces is 60 feet 6 inches long by 17 feet wide, and has a capacity of fifty tons. 376 CAMP AND PLANT. New Rail Mill Rail Mill Extension Main building 581 feet long, 55 feet wide. Old Kail Mill Meek, Archibald, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital September 26 with typhoid fever, is better. Muschetti, Rocco, of Coal Creek, who came to the hospital September 17 on ac- count of a fracture of the great toe of his right foot, is doing well. Mooney, Charles, of Tercio, who came to the hospital September 25 on account of chronic gastritis, is holding his own. Pagnolta, Forte, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25 on account of a contused head, is walking around and doing well. Randle, C. P., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account of a lacerated and contused leg, injuries which were sustained by him by being caught under a moving train, was operated for skin grafting October 4, and is now do- ing well. Reballa, Joseph, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital September 19 on account of an abscess on the right side of the lower jaw, and who was operated upon September 29, is doing nicely. Reese, David H., of Rockvale, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 9 on account of appendicitis, was operated upon Octo- ber 11. Salvin, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 3 on ac- count of a fractured right leg, is doing well and is now up. Scanlan, Martin, of Segundo, who was sent to the hospital August 6 on account of pleu- risy, is now up and doing very well. Versaiiii, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 21 with a lac- erated hand and a sore eye, has gone home. Wilson, J. J., of Rockvale, who early in this season played with the Colorado Fuel and Iron team in Pueblo, and who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a fractured leg, is doing well. He is now walking around. Zambrano, Frank, of Tabasco, who was admitted to the hospital July 26 on account of typhoid fever, had a relapse and was very critically ill for some time, but is daily improving. He is now able to be up and out of doors a little each day, and is consid- erably better. Zenoli, Victor, of Brookside, was admit- ted to the hospital October 2 with typhoid fever. So far he has done very well. Wonder if It Does? Roland is a thoughtful little fellow, who likes to ask questions. One day he was watching his father feed the chickens, when suddenly he looked up with a puzzled face, and asked: "Papa, doesn't the other end of a feather hurt a chicken?" CAMP AND PLANT. 377 C RISTOFORO COLOMB O Narrazione Storlca compilata sulle opere di suo figlio Fernando; di Antonio Gallo, suo contemporaneo e sugli scrltti degli storici e critici posteriori: se- guita da un inno popolare Colombiano musicato dal M. Giovanni Basso. XXIV. NUOVE TERRE. Oltrepassata 1' isola San Salvatore e' si trovarono come perduti tra i canali di un arcipelago composto di cento isole, varie di grandezza, ma di aspetto lussureggiante. Rivolsero le prore alle piu vaste e piii popo- late. E subito furono circondati da molti canotti e commerciarono con quegli abitanti dando sonagliuzzi, collane di vetro ed altre bagattelle in cambio dell' oro e delle perle. Cosi presso a poco la loro navigazione e le loro fermate fra mezzo quel labirinto d' isole non fu che una ripetizione dello sbarco fat- to a San Salvatore; ovunque gli accolse 1' inoffensiva curosita, o la muta adorazione o la timida meraviglia; essi potevano a pla- cer loro lungamente deliziarsi di quell' aria, quel cielo e que' profumi, e della natura lus- sureggiante, e dei vivi colori e della gioia per tutto diffusa; ma la mente loro volta ad un solo pensiero, la scoperta del paese dell' oro, non avea occhi per vedere le tante bel- lezze; e fitti nell' idea che quello si fosse 1' estremo lembo dell' Asia, non sospettavano nemmeno 1' immenso e nuovo continente su cui ponevano il piede; e non vedevano se non gli imperi asiatici descritti da Marco Polo; sicche quel paese non comprendevano ne indovinavano. Gl' Indiani intanto proseguivano ad addi- tare il mezzodi; que' segni aveano per gli spagnuoli il significato, che voleva la cu- pidigia e il credulo desiderio. Colombo do- vette quindi far vela nuovamente in verso r isola di Cuba, alia quale pervennero dopo tre giorni di navagazione, Cuba, coUe sue rive a perdita d' occhio, co' suoi scaglioni elevantisi, e le sue montagne che fendono il cielo; co' suoi golfl e gli ampi sbocchi di fiumi, le verdi foreste e i villaggi qua e \k disseminati, richiam6 alia mente del Geno- vese la fisonomia geografica dell' antica Sici- lia. A primo aspetto non pote conoscere se fosse un' isola od un continente. Gettata r ancora fu cosi colpito dalle spettacolo di una terra che esclam6: "Questa 6 la piu bella isola che occhio d' uomo contemplasse. Caro sarebbe passarvi la vita, e quasi non vi pare in tanta giocon- dita, possibile il dolore e la morte." Intanto ei venivano sempre piu persuad- endosi quello fosse un prolungamento dell' Asia, e tra 1' altre cose glielo provava' 1' odore delle spezierie veniente sino a lui dair interno del paese, e le ostriche vedute sulla riva con entro le perle, meraviglie gik raccontate da Marco Polo. Stava dunque sicuro che, superate le mantagne di quell' isola o continente (non sapeva per anche se Cuba fosse unita o no alia terra ferma), si scoprirebbero gl' imperi, la civiltS,, le miniere d' oro. e tutte le ricchezze favolose del Catay e del Giappone. Cosi, non po- tendo raggiungere gli indigeni che all' av- vicinarsi degli Spagnuoli fuggivano, mandd due uomini dell' equipaggio, uno de' quali parlava 1' ebero e 1' altro 1' arabo, perche ricercassero la capitale ove supponeva ri- siedesse il sovrano del Catay. Questi am- basciatori eran ben provveduti di regali per gli indigeni; ed aveano 1' ordine di ricevere in cambio oro soltanto, del quale le miniere inesaurabili doveano trovarsi non molto lungi addentro il paese. Gli inviati tornarono presto a vascelli, non avendo scoperto se non poche capanne di selvaggi, e per tutta ricchezza una natura prodiga vegetazione, di profumi. di flori, di frutta. Seco loro condussero alcuni indi- geni, che erano pervenuti a trarre dalla so- litudine con inviti e donativi. Ma i soli tesori che avevano trovato nel paese erano il mais, il cotone filato dalle donne, gli ar- anci, i limoni, i frutti innominati dei giar- dini. (Continua.) Tliought tile Friend Wanted Help. John Van Buren, the celebrated lawyer, and son of the president of the United States, was one day eating oysters in a tavern when a friend reproachfully said to him, in refer- ence to a very bad case in which he had re- cently been engaged: "I don't suppose there is any case so disreputable that you would not take it up!" Van Buren contemplated him in the most indifferent manner, and coolly said: "Well, now, what have you been doing?" — From A Budget of Anecdotes. 378 CAMP AND PLANT. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY published by the sociological department of The Coloeado Fuel and Ieon Company AND devoted to NEWS FEOM THE MINES AND MILLS LAWRENCE LEWIS, Editoe Denver Pueblo OFFICES : Boston Building, Room 720 Minnequa Hospital Entered at the Postoffice at Denver, Colo., as second- class mail matter. Subscription Price $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. Neves matter should bo sent to the Pueblo Office. Saturday, October 18, 1902 NOTICE. Subscribers who wish to have Camp and Plant sent to a new address should give their old address, as well as the new. The editor will not guarantee that the change will be made unless both addresses and the subscriber's name in full are given. c js^ NEWS ITEMS ^ D. W. Carmichael, who has been employed in the Engineering Department of the Steel Works, died Saturday evening, October 4, at the age of twenty-seven, at his home, 22 Block T. Funeral services were held at 6:15 p. m. October 5 from the undertaking parlors of McMahon & Collier, corner of D street and Union avenue. Reverend A. K. Harsha officiated. The remains were escort- ed to the depot by a delegation and were taken by the widow to Columbus, Ohio, where interment was made. J. B. Monahan, superintendent of the Merchant Iron Department of the Minnequa Works, left Saturday evening, October 11, for Joliet and Chicago, where he will spend a month inspecting merchant mills. During Mr. Monahan's absence John Llewellyn will be acting superintendent. H. T. Carriell, M. D., one of the surgeons at the Steel Works dispensary, spent Sun- day, October 12, at Colorado Springs. The steel structure for the new rod mill is now on the ground and as soon as pos- sible the work of erecting it will begin. W. Hollingsworth entertained visitors from the Springs last Sunday and had a party at the baseball game that day. C. C. Mattice, a timekeeper, is conduct- ing a night school of languages in the Bes- semer City Hall. At present he has thir- teen pupils, all laborers from the Works, who are endeavoring to learn some English. The example of these thirteen might be taken to heart by a few thousand others, whom a knowledge of the English language, even though small, would greatly benefit, for at present they are greatly handicapped by their inability to understand and to make themselves understood. O. P. Stevens, who was a floating gang foreman, has been transferred with his gang to the blast furnaces. James Sullivan's foot has entirely recov- ered and he is now working as hard as ever at the electric shears. The new sump, or water cooling bed, which has been building immediately to the north of the old one, is now about finished. All that remains to be done is to erect the wooden superstructure, and that is going on at present. Friday, October 10, all the structural iron men discontinued work for the afternoon to attend the funeral of J. P. Knowle, who died at the hospital last week, and belonged to the structural iron gang. The remains were shipped to Bunkee, Louisiana. L. H. Dodge, E. J. Patterson, O. L. Harland, John Shoup, F. M. Adams and E. L. Espey were pall bearers, and Thomas Dugan accom- panied the remains to Kansas City, where he expects to meet a brother of the deceased. The new Minnequa school house being built about half way between the hospital and general offices in Minnequa is progress- ing very well and promises to be a fine build- ing. It is built of red brick, and is two stories in height, over a well lighted base- ment. The roof is now being put on. It will be ready for occupancy February 1. CAMP AND PLANT. 379 Joseph Avene, who is employed at the pipe foundry, had his thumb very severely injured last week. The member will prob- ably be saved, but the flesh is badly lacer- ated and Avene will be away from work for some time. What may prove to be a very serious ac- cident happened at the railroad crossing just outside of the east fence several days ago. The ladle train from the blast fur- naces was just about to reach the crossing, coming trom within the yard, when a team and wagon coming from the south started to cross the tracks. The result was a col- lision in which one horse was killed, the wagon very much smashed, and the driver so injured that it is feared he will die. On account of the high fence which runs right up to the tracks, it is probable that neither the engineer nor the driver saw the other, though it seems as though the teamster must have heard the noise of the moving engine. George Lamp, bricklayer in the yard, has gone East. He will spend about two weeks visiting friends in Pennsylvania, after which he will probably return here to work. Furnace "A" is finally complete, and once more working harder than ever. The first cast after the relining was on the ninth. The furnace was lighted by Miss Connors, the young daughter of A. L. Connors, su- perintendent of the tin plate mill. There was quite a celebration at the time of the blowing in. The rail mill and converter were shut down once more last week, owing to the lack of pig iron. Now that "A" furnace is again started, it is hoped there will be a plentiful supply of iron. Miss Anna Mary Byrne and Joseph Maho- ney were married at Saint Patrick's Church on the morning of the ninth. Miss Byrne is a resident of Bessemer, and is one of the most popular young ladies in Bessemer's young set. Joseph Mahoney is the cashier of the Minnequa Works, and had kept his affairs so quiet that everyone was very much surprised to hear of the marriage. Miss Minnie Murphy acted as bridesmaid, and the best man was Thomas Mahoney of Denver, a brother of the groom. A wedding breakfast was served at the home of the bride's parents after the ceremony. Mr. and Mrs. Mahoney took the train East. They will spend their honeymoon at the home cf the groom's parents in Joliet, after which Joe will be found at the old stand. Joe Gnidrousic, who was injured in the head some time ago, is dgain back at work in T. P. George's fioating gang. October 10, the American Bridge Company paid off its men for the preceding two weeks. This company is erecting all the structural iron work around the plant and has over 200 men in its employ at this one place. James Gallagher, while loading some old moulds at the converter, October 8, caught his leg between two of the moulds, and was rather severely crushed, although no injury which may be at all permanent was suf- fered. James McVey. assistant superintendent of the converter, is back from his vacation, and is looking much refreshed. Andrew Kinney, a machinist helper at the rail mill, had his foot slightly injured last week. Frank Stevens, machinist at the rail mill boilers, has gone to Cleveland, Ohio, his old home, to spend a two-weeks' vacation. J. M. Johnson will take his place. , John Paulik came very near having a serious accident on the tenth. He fell un- der a slowly moving train while unloading scrap at the ccunty road, and only the alert- ness of a fellow workman who flagged the engineer saved his life. His injuries, how- ever, are serious. James Wells, pit craneman at the bloom- ing mill, is back from a two weeks' vaca- tion. John Jones, foreman of the rail mill boil- ers, has recovered from his late illness and is once more at work. D. E. Chesebrough, chief timekeeper, is soon to become a benedict and will leave for Baltimore, October 26. George Chappelle was ill for a few days last week. Charles Knolles, distribution clerk, and one of the best penmen in the United States, is considering an offer from the steel works in Japan. Joseph McCauUey, rail straightener at the rail mill, and Miss Margaret Murphy, a Bessemer young lady, were united in mar- riage last week and took a flying trip to Denver during their honeymoon. E. J. Burns of the rail mill acted as best man, and ev- erything went off very happily. Mrs. A. H. Sproat, wife of the floating Furnaces "A" •B" "C Lunch Club Furnace " D" Extreme North End of Minnequa Ste< Wholesale Department' orks from Cupola of Office Building rado Supply Company Furnace " E" Kail Mi] 382 CAMP AND PLANT. Blowing Engines for Blast Furnace "A" These engiues, except for the fact that they have open frames while those for the other furnaces are of the •' tree truulf" or bell frame type, are identical with those of the other three new furnaces. They are of the vertical cross-compound, condensing, quarter crank, steeple type. The steam cylinders are 44 and 90 inches in diameter, with 60-inch stroke ; the twf> air cylinders are 90 inches in diameter with 60-inch stroke. The total weight of each engine is about 1,000,000 pounds. Each pair of furnaces is provided with five engines, one of which is used as a spare. It is noteworthy that the low-pressure cylinder, 90 inches or T-A feet in diameter, in- side measurement, is quite large enough for a boy on a pony to ride through with plenty of room overhead. The horse power of each is 2,000. gang foreman, gave a very pretty tea and card party to the Daughters of Rebekah last Wednesday afternoon. Juan Raynor, head foreman of the floating gang contractors, has gone to Butte, Mon- tana, on business. He will be gone about a week. John King, who is employed at the con- verter, sustained a broken arm on the tenth. He was unloading a car near the rail mill when he fell from a plank, striking his elbow on the ground. At the dispensary it was found that the bones were rather badly fractured. Charles Bowen, a negro boy, fell from a moving switch engine, near the north end of the plant on the eleventh, and so se- verely injured his left leg that it had to be amputated above the knee. The unfor- tunate lad seems to have been stealing a ride, as is very often done in spite of the rules. The engineer says he saw him jump onto the running board of the tender. He fell so suddenly it was impossible to help him. His brother is a switchman in the yards. J. C. Osgood, chairman of the board of di- rectors; J. A. Kebler, president of The Col- orado Fuel and Iron Company; C. S. Robin- son, manager of the Iron Department, and T. M. Gibb, superintendent of The Crystal River Railroad Company, inspected the Min- nequa Plant last week. All the new work done or being done was very thoroughly looked over. Under the guidance of John CAMP AND PLANT. 383 Electric Power Plant for Minnequa Works This buildiDg, which is 50 feet wide by 214 feet long:, contains the generators wliich furnish electricity for the entire steel works and furnaces. There are three 500-kilowatt Westinghouse direct current-generators, directly connected to three cross-compound horizontal Allis-Corliss engines: two 400-kilowatt Westinghouse alternators, directly connected to cross-compound horizontal engines, and also one 18 and 36x30 inch IngersoU-Sergeant cross- compound horizontal two-stage air compressor, which supplies the foundry, boiler shop and the plant generally with compressed air required for pneumatic tools. The steam for the power plant is supplied by an independent boiler plant, consisting of 2000-horse-power water-tube boilers. Kane, the party spent a very pleasant day at the plant. Foreman J. P. George and gang took a short lay-off last week. The benefit dance given in Bessemer for J. Driscoll proved to be quite a success, and a very fair sum was netted. N. Van Fossen has returned from Califor- nia, where he spent a very pleasant vaca- tion. C. M. Schenck, president of The Colorado Supply Company; S. Z. Schenck, local retail manager, with C. K. Pitman of Chicago, have gone to Crested Butte on a ten days' hunt- ing trip. A. S. Dodge is looking after the cashier's desk in the absence of Joe Mahoney. Mrs. B. Van Fossen is improving rapidly and expects to be about soon. R. A. C. F. & \., 2; Denver Leaguers, 2. The most sensational game of the season was played on the Lake grounds, Sunday, October 12, between the Denver League players and The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company team, the final score being 2 to 2. The visitors were compelled to leave in time to catch the train, or the game might have been prolonged indefinitely. Nothing better in the way of ball has been seen on the local diamond this year than all through the nine innings. The victory belonged to either team at any time in the game. The famous Lempke of Denver, who. was in the box for the visitors, pitched a fine game, yet not better than that pitched by Shaw, al- though Lempke was a little more steady and did not give as many passes to first. Shaw allowed but two safe hits off his de- livery, and these were wide apart. The vis- itors made their only runs in the sixth in- ning, on an error. The home team made one score in the first inning and was unable to make another until the last of the sixth, when Hemphill hit a three-bagger into left field and scored on Baerwald's fly. The 384 CAMP AND PLANT. features were Preston's fielding for the vis- itors, which was professional in every sense of the word, and the fielding of Hollingsworth and Hemphill for the home team. Baerwald Was injured again in this game, the little finger of his right hand having the nail torn off. Baerwald, his injury notwithstanding, played the game out. The following is the tabulated score: Denver Leaguers. ab. r. lb. po. a. e. Ramey, third base 4 10 13 1 Preston, center field 4 1 1 4 McCausland, catcher 4 8 3 Newmeyer, first base 2 12 1 Cotton, second base 2 12 Taylor, left field 4 110 1 Cain, short stop 4 2 Wheeler, right field 3 Lempke, pitcher 2 1 Totals 29 2 2 27 11 3 Summary: Stolen bases — Hemphill. Three- base hits — Hemphill, Gaston. Double plays — Hemphill to Lee; Hemphill to Hollings- worth to Lee. Struck out — By Shaw, 8; by Lempke, 9. Bases on balls — Off Shaw, 5; off Lempke, 1. Earned runs — C. F. & L, 1. Left on bases — C. F. & L, 3; Leaguers, 4. Time — 2:40. Umpire — Harris. Scorer— Righter. Sunday afternoon, October 12, 1902, the four hundred and tenth anniversary of the discovery of America by Christopher Colum- bus, who was himself a native of Genoa, Italy, was celebrated by the Italians of Pu- eblo. The day's entertainment, which con- sisted of a parade through the principal streets in the morning, a festival at the Min- eral Palace in the afternoon and evening, was in charge of the Italian Mutual Aid So- ciety. Among the speakers were Peter Albi of Denver, editor of the Italian paper, Roma; N. M. Alesandro, Samuel Guarino, a mem- Exterior Colorado Fuel and Iron. ab. r. 1b. po. a. Robson, third base 4 1 1 Hahn, center field 4 1 1 Derby, left field 3 1 Hollingsworth, short stop. 3 4 2 Hemphill, second base.... 4 114 2 Baerwald, catcher 2 7 5 Gaston, right field 3 2 Lee, first base 3 1 8 Shaw, pitcher 3 2 2 Totals 29 2 5 27 12 Score by Innings. 123456789 Denver Leaguers 0000200 0- C. F. &I ....100001000- of Pipe Foundry ber of the New Orleans colony; Hector e. Chiariglione, general president of the Italo- American societies of the United States; 1 President Angelmo, of the Sicilian Society; and others of prominence. Hector Chiarig- 1 lione, general president of the Italo-Ameri- 1 can societies of the Columbian Federation of the United States, on October 12, sent a tele- gram to President Roosevelt, suggesting that the day might appropriately be made a national holiday. The telegram was as fol- - lows: 3 "President Theodore Roosevelt, Washing- ton, D. C: "In the name of the 100 Italo-American so- - 2 cieties of the Columbian Federation of the - 2 United States, I send this in order that with CAMP AND PLANT. 385 your illuminated patriotism the 12th of Oc- tober be proclaimed a national holiday." Fred W. Richards, one of the clerks from Denver, who is helping to make up the cost sheets, spent Sunday in Denver with his family. The five clerks who came down this month, temporarily, as was thought, will, it turns out, be placed here permanently. They will work exclusively on the cost sheets of converter, and Miss Anna Smith, a fair Bes- semerite. The necessity for the presence of all employes at the converter prevented any wedding trip, and Mr. Collins was again at work two days after the event. Joe Mahoney, Joseph McCaulley and Percy Collins all have the sincere congratulations of their respective friends, and it is needless to say that the same friends are looking for- ward to the day when a fine box of cigars Interior of the plant, and their headquarters are in the large north room on the first floor of the ofiice building. H. E. Stewart will come down from Denver to take charge after this month. They all express themselves as very much pleased with the prospect and are looking forward to a good time in Colorado's busiest city. There was still another wedding at the plant last week. We should like to call the attention of the other departments of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company to our rec- ord. Three in one week is a very flattering score, and it is believed entitles us to the palm. The latest marriage was between Percy Collins, on the tapping floor at the New Foundry will appear with the gentlemen's cards on it. S. E. Kleinman has accepted a position as solicitor for the Union Accident Stock Com- pany of Denver. McMillin and Chambers are the Pueblo agents, and Mr. Kleinman will work under their direction. He speaks eight different languages, and is doing a very large business among the foreign popula- tion at the plant. BROOKSIDE. Ralph Rider is rapidly convalescing from typhoid fever, and will soon be about again. Mrs. David Llewellyn was very sick for a 386 CAMP AND PLANT. Part of the Wire Mill Under Construction at the Minnequa Steel Works, Pueblo, January 1902. Cut on the Next Paa« Continues the Picture. Part of the Wire Mill, May 1902. (See Right-Hand Page for Continuation.) Wire Mill, September 4, 1902. CAMP AND PLANT. 3&7 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^S^^^^Bl' r. •" ' i 1 1 1 1 Jt t^ A. ; 1 1 1 1 Continuation of Picture on Left- Hand Page. " j p II ^ <■ ^ ft rf"* "■■"V ■ i ""i _ i k Continuation of Picture on Left-Hand Page. 388 CAMP AND PLANT. few days, but is now able to be out again. Victor Zenelli was taken to the hospital on October 1, suffering from typhoid fever. Felix Moschetti suffered a painful contu- sion on the left foot October 7. He will be laid up for several days. Rocco Merlino had one of his fingers badly lacerated by a piece of falling coal a week ago last Tuesday. Genetino Merlino is rapidly convalescing from typhoid fever. She is now able to sit up. Mrs. Louis De Rienzi was confined to her bed last week with symptoms of fever. The first and second grade pupils of the public school were transferred to the Boys' Club Hall on Monday morning. The hall has been fitted up for school purposes and Mrs. Morrison is the teacher in charge. The congestion at the regular building has been greatly relieved. P. & S. BERWIND. The Corwin school, located between Ber- wind and Tabasco, will be opened by a so- cial dance and reception given by the school board October 18. Special trains will run from Trinidad via Hastings. The fare for the round trip will be 85 cents. The open- ing address will be made by Dr. Corwin. A select musical program has been arranged. Dr. Adams is here during the absence of Dr. Trout, who is visiting relatives in Illi- nois. Pete Burza, who lost his leg by falling be- tween cars, has returned to the hospital and will have an artificial limb fitted. Mrs. Wood, mother of the second clerk, is visiting her son here. O. F. A. COALBASIN. Mr. Hanawald is having a barn built just north of the store. Mr. Thomas of Sunlight was in camp. Mr. Thomas is agent for an accident insurance company. Milton Campbell and Charles Galloway will go to Crested Butte for a shipment of mules for the Coalbasin mine. The addition to the clubhouse is fast near- ing completion. The painters are now fin- ishing their work. The weather is very fine, clear, warm and pleasant. W. E. A. COAL CREEK. The Colorado Supply Company has been making extensive improvements in its store at this place. Another room has been added to the already commodious building. This room is for the grocery and meat depart- ment. The upstairs is well fitted up, and is intended for the furniture. The man- ager's ofiice and the postoflice have been moved from the west end of the store to the east end, and have been enlarged and fitted up with the latest oflice fixtures. The em- ployes of the store are as follows: J. J. Mellor, manager; Mr. Borger, meat cutter; H. H. Mellor, clerk; D. H. Williams, driver. Daniel Williams, an old resident here, died Tuesday of last week, and was buried Wednesday. The funeral was in charge of the Odd Fellows. If you ask Ed T. Williams the cause of his smiling countenance these days he says: "It's a girl." Mother and child are doing well. Sarah Salmon went to Denver for a few weeks' visit with her sister. J. R. King, night watchman at the mine, has gone to the hospital at Pueblo to be treated for eczema. Mr. Thompson has been entertaining his sister from Oklahoma the past week. The Ladies' Club will give a social at I. O. O. F. hall on Tuesday evening, October 14. A good time is promised to all. GULCH. Alexander Allen and party went out on a hunting trip last week. Old Sopris has put on her winter mantle early this year. Mr. Bliss, a draughtsman for the Sullivan Machine Company, came in on Tuesday even- ing's train. "Slim" Mallory, our Colorado Midland brakeman, was on the sick list last week. Some alterations have been made In the slope lately. Quite a pleasant little hop was held on Saturday evening in the new school build- ing. Roy Campbell, clerk at Cardiff, attended the dance here Saturday night. He says he made the trip in two hours on his fleet flying mountain canary. H. C. D. CAMP AND PLANT. 38^ GIBSON. LIME. Mr. King, superintendent at the briquet plant, was in Albuquerque on business. Hugh McGinn, who has recently been con- fined to his room on account of a severe cold and laryngitis, is much improved. Work on the new tipple for the Gallup mine is progressing rapidly, and we are in- formed by Foreman Daniel Southerlin that his men will soon be ready for the machin- ery, which is expected any day. Peter Lobe, an old time resident of Gibson, started to walk home from Gallup after dark on Monday of last week. He was unable to see his way and fell, receiving a severe in- jury of his left side, on account of which he can scarcely move himself in bed. Mr. Lobe is an old gentleman who has many friends here who sympathize with him in his misfortune. HEZRON. A temporary building for holding school has been finished and the winter session will open November 1. John Kirkpatrick, the cashier at the Sup- ply Company store, was in Walsenburg at- tending court last week. When in Hezron ask "John" his experience while courting at Walsenburg. Mike Kapushen and family of Crested Butte have moved to camp. J. W. Blake, former mine clerk here, now has charge of the hoist. A. McDonald, our genial fire boss, was in Trinidad on Sunday of last week. Mrs. H. G. Lamme, who has been quite sick for the past week, is now able to be about again. Miss Mary Wallace, daughter of George Wallace, is visiting in camp for a few days. Louis Lake, who has been here for the past six months, finished the Hezron houses last week and has returned to Trinidad. These model dwellings are being erected by the company for its men. H. C. Harmon, the general sales agent for the Fuel Company, spent Thursday in camp. L. H. Hough of Rouse spent a few hours in camp the other day. Mr. Hough is pro- prietor of the livery stable here. Mike McCauley of "McFadden's Flats" has returned to Hezron. Mike knows a good thing. X. Y. Z. Dr. Corbin of Pueblo was seen in our camp Monday. H. B. Tucker will remove in the near fu- ture to Oklahoma. He is at present making arrangements to dispose of his cattle. Mrs. Shafer was taking orders the first of the week in this camp for the Larkin Soap Company. W. H. Gift very nicely entertained some of his friends at dinner last Sunday. Carpenters from the Steel Works recently completed a new engine room at the rock crusher. Mr. Murray of Beulah was in camp Mon- day of this week. Engineer Davis of the reservoir was seen here Sunday. Mrs. F. L. Reynolds returned Saturday from an extended visit with her people at Ordway. Dr. W. T. H. Baker of the Minnequa Hos- pital was here Saturday, accompanied by Dr. Singer. Old stores are being repaired and the in- habitants of our little vilage are getting ready for winter. Snow can now be seen on the mountains. H. J. S. ORIENT. Our school opened September 8 with twenty pupils attending, with Miss Mabel Doyle of Sagauche, Colorado, as instructor. This is the largest attendance the school has had for some time. R. R. Sterling and his assistant, H. G. McMechen, were in our camp a few days last week, doing some work in the mine for the company. J. A. Carleson, our foreman, returned from the hospital, and reports that he is as well as ever. He is again doing his duty as mine boss. T. McNamara, our superintendent, went to Howard Tuesday and returned Wednesday night. He made the trip in the interest of the company. Our diamond drill and crew were moved to Howard September 15 to do some work on the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company property. Everything is now moving nicely. Those who attended the dance at Cotton Creek last Friday night report the usual good time. 390 CAMP AND PLANT. J. J. Lonergan was in Denver last week taking in the Carnival. A young lady accom- panied him. The Colorado Supply Company has had its store painted inside, which has improved its looks wonderfully. We understand that we are to have a new school building in the near future, before the cold winter weather comes on. We are certainly very much in need of a new school house. J. E. Chambers, store manager for the Colorado Supply Company, is to take a trip in the near future to Kansas City, where he Our camp is being kept cleaned up good shape and is looking very well. E. J. M, in ROCKVALE. Pay day has come and gone, leaving every- one happy. Rabbit shooting is the order of the day. The sport is particularly good in the foot- hills. Mrs. Allan, daughter of Mrs. Phillip Cros- se'n, is visiting here from Salida. A masquerade ball will be given by Rock- iiiiiii'liiiii^iif Lake Minnequa (C. F. &, I. Reservoir No. 1; One of the Sources of Water Supply for the Minnequa Works. The pumping plant occupies a steel and brick building 50 feet wide by 114 feet long and consists of five cross compound horizontal pumps. Two of these pumps are of 5,000,000 gallons capacity each, the other three being of 7,000,000 gallons capacity each, and are connected by duplicate connections to a stand pipe 18 feet in diameter by 150 feet high. The stand pipe in turn is connected directly by means of a 28-inch pipe line to a large reservoir situated on the foothills several miles from the steel works, at an elevation of about 140 feet feet above the yard level. In addition to this the pumps have direct connection to Lake Minnequa, situated about a mile from the steel works at an elevation of about 35 feet above the yard level, so that water can be drawn from either Lake Minnequa or the reservoir. expects to visit his relatives for a short time. John Stewart, manager of Valley View Springs, had a large crowd of people visit- ing the springs, as usual, last Sunday. Our water supply is again about as abun- dant as ever, and there are very few cases of sickness reported in camp. Dr. O. P. Shippy of Villa Grove makes his calls regu- larly, as usual. vale people in the town hall Wednesday evening next. Measles are again appearing in the camp, and typhoid fever, instead of decreasing, Is on the increase. Mrs. Thomas Love, an old and respected lady, died Saturday evening at the family residence. Mrs. Love was a member of the Rebekahs. Mrs. Agnes Blythe is spending a week In CAMP AND PLANT. 39J Canon City, visiting lier uncle, Michael Blythe. Leo Marcho, our affable city clerk, is con- fined to the house with facial neuralgia. Mrs. Meyers is visiting her daughter in Colorado Springs. William Wier is laid up with a crushed foot. The cage came down too rapidly for him. W. A. W. STARKVILLE. The three Starkville schools are now in full operation, and attended by a large num- ber of pupils. Miss Lillian D. Carey, who had charge of primary work in the Starkville school last year, was a caller in our camp this week. Miss Carey has been sick all vacation with appendicitis and has but recently been dis- charged from the Minnequa Hospital. Her many friends are glad to see her around again. A class in basket weaving has been start- ed in connection with the kindergarten with an enrollment of sixty. Mrs. Grabill, superintendent of kinder- gartens, made our local kindergarten an offi- cial visit Tuesday, The bills are up announcing a grand mas- querade ball for October 18 — the first of the season. Mrs. E. P. Linskey of Coalbasin is visiting her brother, H. J. Shermann. Mrs. Dr. McClure is on the sick list. Will C. Tilley is recovering from a long siege of typhoid fever. Mr. and Mrs. Robinson are convalescing from a siege of typhoid fever. Miss Nellie Garrity of Braidwood, Illinois, is visiting her sister, Mrs. A. Robinson. Robert Meiklejohn, who spent the sum- mer in Braidwood, Illinois, is home, some- what improved in health. ••••••••• ** P I K E PEAK ROUTE'' THEi COLORADO MIDLAND RAILWAY Shortest Time to SALT LAKE CITY, OGDEN, PACIFIC COAST, and all Northwest Points via GLENWOOD SPRINGS. SCENERY UNEQUALED. EQUIPMENT UNSURPASSED. Through Pullman Sleepers and Pullman ALL STANDARD GAUGE. Tourist Cars between Denver, San Fran- cisco and Los Angeles. Through the heart of the Rocky Mountains — the most comfortable, the safest and the grandest of all trans-continental routes. Write to the undersigned for descriptive pamphlets. C H. SPEERS, G. P. A*, DENVER, COLO. McMahon & Collier UNDERTAKERS ^EMBALMERS Union Ave. and D Street ¥ ""Sl^e. Pneblo, Colo. nimniTr taii^ l-milANSON=HAFFNER EIIOCAVinQaii uuKLUiJ mux DENVER, OOL.O. 392 CAMP AND PLANT. WILL YOU SWAP? For a part of your spare time and i few old dollars we will exchange an education coaaposed of any number of subjects you care to study. You may select the most suitable to your needs. We have them arranged under different headings called "Courses" or "Scholarships." There are ninety-six different courses to choose from. We have 366 resident professors and assistants to teach our students. Our schools never close. We are not endowed by Andrew Carnegie, Rockefeller, or any other millionaire; we don't ask or receive any charity. We have been in existence as a school over ten years and have more than 8,000 students in Colorado This exchange is made only with people who believe they can make use of an educa- tion to better their business or social standing, to earn more money at their trades or pro- fessions, to acquire a foreign language, which, we teach with the aid of a phonograph, or learn to draw, either for prolit or pleasure. The method we use is by correspondence only. Nearly half a million people throughout this country are enjoying; the benefits of an education gained at home and in their spare time Tell us what subjects will interest you and we will send you free a small illustrated booklet describing our method, and after a thorough investigaton if our terms don't suit you we will reimburse you for any expense vou may have incurred in writing us. Please give us your full address so that our booklet won't go astray. We don't ask you to send any stamps or money. Just tell us if you really want an education. Write today. A postal card will do. THE INTERNATIONAL CORRESPONDENCE SCHOOLS, DENVER AGENCY, 1628 Stout St. Scranton, Pa. Fred S. Kerr, Supt. THE Union Accident Stock Co. -DENVER, COLO. is the only accident company doing business in Colorado that has deposit- ed $100,000 with the State, for the pro- tection of policy-holders. The Union pays every claim "at sight," and has more uf the C. F. & I. employes insured than all other com- panies put together. "THE COLORADO ROAD? Frequent and Punc- tual Train Service between 4^ ^^awr- cji. Pueblo, Colorado Springs, Cripple Greek and Denver. T. E. FISHER, General Passenger Agent. P. S.—If you purchase at Union Depot tell the man, " Colorado & Southern, please." T. E. F. -kakkD 6 TRAINS DAILY for Colo. Springs, Denver . and the EAST...... 4 TRAINS DAILY for all points WEST DINING CARS Setvioe a la carte on all Thr ou gh Tra i ns S. K. Hooper, J P i T. A.,benv«r RUN Through Sleeping Cars Daily Denver to Durangro LeadLville Grand Jet. Salt Lake City Portland San Fran- cisco and Lios Angeles VOLUIE II SATURDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1902 Number 17 V? y? <^ Primero, Colorado V? ^j? V? One of tHe THree New Camps in tHe Valley of tKe Purgatoire. But Little Over a Year Old, Primero Is Now Made Up of Hundreds of Model Dwellings — The Mine One of the Largest Producers in the West — The Management — The Men. ^^^f^<^<^^-^<^<^^ RIMERO, in the southern part of Las Animas County, Colorado, is at the head of Smith's Canon, 237 miles south of Den- ver by way of the Colorado and Southern to Trinidad, and the Colorado and Wyoming (Southern Division) from Trinidad to Primero. The distance by rail from Trinidad to Primero is seventeen miles. The Colorado and Wyoming Rail- way makes connections with the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway also at Jan- sen, a station fifteen miles from Primero, and with the Denver and Rio Grande Rail- road and the Colorado and Southern Rail- way at Sopris, thirteen miles from Primero. Exterior of Club House, Primero. 394 CAMP AND PLANT. By wagon road Primero is only a mile from Segundo, but owing to the considerably greater elevation of the former, one must travel three and one-half miles by rail in going from one camp to the other. Situation. Nestled a mile back in the hills that skirt the Purgatoire, Purgatory or "Picketwire" River, the town of Primero is most pictur- esquely situated. At this time of year the hills, which look hopelessly barren in a photograph, are in reality restful studies in half tones- — harmonious blendings of all gradations of brown and gray, splotched here and there with suggestions of dark and dark-green parks, on beyond Tercio, to the angular crest of the Snowy Range of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. If you then turn about facing east, you can look down across the reservoir to the lower town — a double row of neat cottages built along a street, parallel with railroad tracks filled with great coal cars, and then off to the left, to the big, black tipple, a hundred yards long, and from there again to the right, along the mine tracks to one of the openings; and then to the upper town, with its hundreds jot model dwellings gleaming in their bright paint of varied colors, its handsome store building and its 'club house. View of Lower Part of Town of Primero. green and red, and of black that re- minds you of the presence of "the stone that burns." Over all, the sky — an unsullied blue throughout three hundred days i in the year, except where the smoke from Segun- do's 800 coke ovens, carried by the prevail- ing winds down the Las Animas or Purga- toire Valley, in the opposite direction from Primero, makes a brown smudge in the southeast. If you climb to the west of town to the top of the hill, on the side of which the reser- voir is situated, you can look far off to the west across foothills and extensive brown A man accustomed to the miserable towns of the Pennsylvania coal fields and to the coal camps of Colorado's early days, would have diflftculty in realizing, as he looked from this hillside, that the bright, neatly laid out and comfortable village below him was really a town of coal miners, until he heard the staccato puffs and the squeal of the dinkey engines bringing their loaded cars from the mine to the tipple, where, with a distant rattling roar, the coal is dumped into the big gondola cars that bear it to Segundo. Nevertheless this is a coal camp, and one of the busiest in the West, and the CAMP AND PLANT. 395 neat and comfortable dwellings and the gen- eral appearance of satisfaction and plenty are merely typical of many another camp of this Company, which believes in treating its men well, and in making the conditions under which they live and labor as nearly ideal .as possible. History. The site of the town, like Segundo ami Tercio, is a part of the old Spanish Con- tended up the valley of the Purgatoire was it possible to develop its magnificent natural resources. The town was first called, from the locality, Smith's Canon, later Purgatory Mine, and then Primero. A Mp. Sterling was the first superinten- dent, who remained in charge for some two months. He was succeeded by B. L. Davis, who resigned last March and re- moved to Grand Junction. Robert O'Neil. Office Building cession known as the Maxwell Land Grant. After long years of contest between squat- ters and the owners of the grant, the land finally passed into the hands of The Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company. The existence of the coal fields had been known for some time, yet but little over eighteen months ago, where Primero now stands there were only bare hillsides; and not until the Colo- rado and Wyoming Railway had been ex- at Primero. the present superintendent, who, for some time, had been in charge at Engle. was then transferred to Primero. William Mor- gan is inside mine boss and W. C. Kil- patrick is outside foreman. Arthur Galyean is tipple boss, and P. E. Brown and M. C. Schottlien are weigh bosses. Roy Richards, now in the Denver ofl[ice. was in charge of the Primero office for some time. Now, how- ever, Louis Smith, assisted by O. M. Kimmey 396 CAMP AND PLANT. and W. E. Sylvestre, are in charge of the neat office building near the Colorado and Wyoming Railway depot. The Mine. Twenty-seven hundred tons is a conserva- tive figure for the production of the mine during each of the six working days, al- though a short time ago — October 9 — Mr. O'Neil "took a day off" and surprised the management the next morning by turning in a report of 3,200 tons mined in ten hours. engines from the openings to the tipple, which is nearly a hundred yards long. The tipple is divided into two parts to facilitate dumping, and each side has its own sets of scales for both track and tipple. The Men. Of the six hundred men employed here on the average, fully sixty per cent are foreigners — Italians, Mexicans, Slavs, Frenchmen and Germans being represented numerically in the order named. One of the Houses in Primero. Half of the output of the mine goes to the 800 ovens at Segundo, there to be burned to coke for the Minnequa furnaces, and of the remaining half, which is excellent coal for locomotives, part is used on the Colorado and Wyoming Railway, and part is sold to other railroads. At present four openings are being worked, and others are being driven. It is safe to predict that the maxi- mum of production has not yet been reached, and will not be for some time. The cars are brought by three dinkey Water Supply. The water for the camp is all pumped from Segundo to a reservoir situated on a hill immediately to the west of the lower part of town. This makes possible a re- serve sufficient to enable the mine to con- tinue running, even should the pipe line break, or the pumps fail for several days. Water pipes have been laid throughout the town so as to furnish water to all of the houses. CAMP AND PLANT. 397 Colorado Supply Company. A. E. Johnson is the manager of the im- posing store building of the Colorado Supply Company, which was erected at a cost of $20,000. This building is 44x135 feet in ground area, is in the Spanish Mission style and was designed by Frederick J. Sterner of Denver. The fixtures are all modern, and the stock is large and well arranged. Train Service. The Colorado and Wyoming Railway runs two passenger trains daily between Primero and Trinidad, in addition to the freight trains. W. C. Biebush is the Colorado and Wyoming Railway agent. Mail. For some time there was no postoffice in Primero, and all mail was sent by way town, just on the brow of the hill which commands an inspiring view of the country for miles around. Model Dwellings. Residents of Primero take a pardonable pride in the houses that compose their town. Every one of the dwellings put up by the Company is a workman's model abode. They have projecting eaves and porches, are painted outside in various pleasing colors, are plastered inside throughout, and have nothing in common with the well-named "box-car houses" so common in many coal camps of other corporations. The rents are extremely moderate, being based on a charge of $2 a month for each room. There are but few "shacks,'' "dug-outs," "shanties" or "adobes" left in the town, and these the Exterior of Colorado Supply Schools, of Sopris. This roundabout method of re- ceiving letters has been done away with, and the Primero postoffice is now in the Colorado Supply Company store. The Medical Department. W. M. Ogle, M. D., is the surgeon in charge of the health of the camp. He has charge of the work of sanitation, and sees to it that the town is kept free from refuse. The public school last year was held in one of the company dwelling houses. The new schoolhouse is an imposing structure two stories in height containing, besides the four school rooms, a ball room and stage- will be ready for occupancy within a fort- night. It occupies a site at the end of the ^rst row of houses in the upper part of Company Store at Primero. company is having demolished as rapidly as the owners' consent can be obtained. Such as remain serve but to mark the violent contrast in point of healthfulness and com- fort between the dwellings erected by the former residents of this region and those put up by The Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany for its men. The Club House. Vices, especially drunkenness, all too com- mon in most mining towns, have here been reduced to the minimum by the careful sur- veillance exercised by the company. All re- sorts ana saloons common in many camps have been excluded from neie oy iiie Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. A club house, managed by F. McPherson, and sub- ject to the constant oversight of the com- 398 CAMP AND PLANT. pany, occupies a commodious building. Here are billiard, pool and card tables, and a place where liquors and cigars are sold. No gambling for high stakes, however, is permitted. There is no display of liquors in the windows, and no liquors are sold to minors, habitual drunkards, and those who seem to be bordering on intoxication. The Sociological Department. A box of the circulating library sent out by the Sociological Department has been much appreciated. Throughout all last sum- mer, Frank L. Jewett, a divinity student in Chicago University, was maintained in Primero by the Sociological Department. Through his efforts a boys' and a girls' club were formed, which have been very success- ful. These organizations have directed their attention chiefly to literary and gym- nastic work, although purely social affairs have not been ignored. The completion of the school house, which will provide a more satisfactory meeting place for the clubs and for entertainments, will mean much to the department, and will give considerable impetus to its work, which will be extended as rapidly as possible. Primero — One of the First. Mrs. Malaprop said that comparisons were odorous. Although this cannot be said in regard to Colorado Fuel and Iron Company camps — for all of them are kept so clean as to be almost entirely free from foul smells — yet it is best not to make even an implied comparison. Accordingly, we must translate "Primero" not as first, as many of her enthusiastic residents wish to do, but as among the first — for certainly her beauti- ful situation, rich mine, splendid manage- ment, unsurpassed workmen, and model dwellings merit the honor of a place among the leading camps of a leading company. SI WELL. ^essione Ufaliana. The Making of Automobiles. A review of the automobile manufacturing industry, compiled in New York, shows that this year's output of all kinds of machines will closely approximate 19,000, with a value of $20,000,000. The State of Ohio is credited with an output of over $5,000,000, says the Iron Trade Review. Make yourself a man; no one else can make a man of you. Primero. HRIMERO e posto al sud-ovest della con- tea Las Animas a diciannove miglia al sud-avest di Trinidad, sulla divi- sione sud della ferrovia Colorado e Wyoming a 237 miglia da Denver. Questo campo min- erario 6 in operazione da solo un anno, il suo primo soprintendente fu il signor Ster- ling il quale fu succeduto da B. L. Davis il quale qualche mese fa diede le sue dimis- sioni lasciando il posto a Robert O'Neil. Questa proprieta era da principio chiamata Smith Canon, piu tardi Purgatory e flnal- mente ora Primero. L' agente della ferrovia Colorado e Wy- oming e W. C. Biebush, il capo minatore e William Morgan, W. C. Kilpatrick e il cap- orale fuori della mina, Arthur Galyean e capo alio scaricatoio e M. C. Schottlien e P. E. Brown sono capi pesatori, all' ufficio sono impiegati Louis Smith, O. M. Kinney e W. E. Sylvestre, il chirurgo e il dottore W. M. Ogle il quale dal I. Luglio succedette L. B. Pillis- bury. Gli Uomini. Settecento uomini, tre quinti dei quali sono di nazionalita, straniora, come Messi- cani, Italiani, Slavi con pochi Francesi e Tedeschi sono impiegati nella mina. La Mina. La produzione del carbone, la piu gran parte del quale § bruciato a Coke nei forni di Segundo, e di circa 60,000 tonnellate al mese, credesi pero che il prodotto sara di molto anumentato appena la vena sara aperta piu estensivamente, ed allora la mina di Primero sara una delle piu produttrici del Colorado. Presentemente vi sono sei bocche di mina e la settima sta per esser terminata. I.o scaricatoio e diviso in due parti e facil- mente maneggia il largo prodotto. Provvista d' Acqua. La provvista d' acqua benchg non certa in qualche tempo, pure e sufRciente per i bisogni del campo, ora si stanno posando tubi per portare 1' acqua nelle case. Scuole e Lavoro Sociologico. Una nuova scuola pubblica si sta ora cos- truendo in Primero, e presto si stabilira una scuola infantile. Nell' estate presente il Rev. Frank L. Jewitt della University di Chicago ha dato lezioni al riguardo al dipartimento CAMP AND PLANT. 399 Sociologico in Primero. Un Club di giovan- otti e di giovanette e stato da lui organiz- zato con grande successo. po njemu, i ocelvuje se velilti napredak istog. ^loDBnskt ^htitUk. Primero. INA Primero lezi u jugozapadnom kraju od Las Animas county, devet- ** najest milja od Trinidala na South- ern division, od Colorado and Wyoming, ze Ijeznice, 237 milja juzno od Denvera. Ta Mina otvorena je samo godinu dana, Gospodin Sterling, prvi upravitelj bio je nasljedjen prvo po B. L. Davis ukoji se je na slusbi zahvalio, tebi nasljedin po Gos- podin Roberta O'Neil. Ta Campa zvala se je iz pocetka Smith's Cannon Mine, kasnje "Purgatory Mine," a sada imennje se Primero. Gospodin W. C. Biebush je zastupnik od Colorado & Whyoming zeljeznice. Gospodin William Morgan je nadziratelj (boss) mine, W. C. Kilpatrick je nadzir- atelj vanjskog rada. Gosp. Arthur Galyean je nadziratelj tedu- cinah, docim su M. C. Schottlien i P. E. Brown nadziratelji vage. Luis Smith, O. M. Kinney, i W. E. Sylves- tre su namjesteni u kancelariji. Dr. W. M. Ogle, Ljecnik, nasljedio je L. B. Pillsbury Jula I. Stanovnici-Radnici. Od Sedam stotina radenika, tri petine su urodjinici, Mexsicanci, tali jani. Sloveni a jedna petina je francuza Njemaca. Mina. Fz te mine izkopa se mjesecno preko 60,- 000 tona ugljena, koji se u pecima u Se- gundo u "Coks" pretvara scekujle se da ce productcya mine jos vec dapace najveca u Coloradi biti; dok se ulazi novim zilama otvore Sestov ulaza su prokopani; a sedmi naskoro otvorem ce biti. szfflmzffiOi shrd sh drshrd shrdshrdluhrdlu Nije bas u najvece kolicini u obicno vrie- me, Voda vod je sada u svc kuce doveden. Skola i Sociologicne radnje. Nova zgrada je nanovo poestavljena za Primero, te ce se naskoro i tako zvani "Kin- der Garten" vrt za djecu ustrojiti. Ovoga Ijeta drzao je Rev. Frank L. Jewitt od Chicago University (visoke skole) pre- davanje o zajednici sociologicnoz odsjeka u Primero. Club djevojaka i djecaka bio je ustrojen Argelo, Joe, of Tabasco, who was admitted to the hospital October 12 on account of lacerations of his right foot, had three toes amputated and is now doing well. Arnijio, B., of El Moro, who was admitted to the hospital August 2 with a contused right ankle, is some better. Baptiste, Jolin, of Coalcreek, who was ad- mitted October 16 on account of a contused eye, is doing very well. Barteck, Steve, of Starkville, who was admitted to the hospital September 8 on ac- count of typhoid fever, is walking about. Beloti, Joe, of Brookside, who came to the hospital September 13 suffering with typhoid fever, is doing well and is up and around. Calangie, Parie, of Segundo, who came to the hospital September 6 with a fractured left shoulder blade, is improving. Chappetti, Pete, of Madrid, New Mexico, (Los Cerrillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 with a hepatic abscess (abscess of the liver), and who was operat- ed upon July 5, is now walking about out- doors and is improving rapidly. Cherilo, Piseta, of Starkville, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 14 on account of typhoid fever, is doing well. Conti, Dana, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with two broken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg, and had erysipelas, but is getting better, and will be up again soon. Degarro, Charles, of Tabasco, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 25 on ac- count of typhoid fever, will go Home within a week. Del mar, Frank, of Starkville, who was ad mitted to the hospital September 10 on ac- count of typhoid fever, had a relapse. b\it is again better and is walking about. Dyson, Thomas, of Sopris, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 17 on ac- count of a fractured spine, is resting easier. Garagliano, Louis, of Berwind. who came to the hospital September 15, and who was operated upon for tubercular glands on the right side of his neck, is better and is now up and around. 400 CAMP AND PLANT. Hegedus, Joseph, of Primero, who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is im- proved and is walking about the yard. Hillary, Howard, of Segundo, who was admitted to the hospital October 16, on ac- count of typhoid fever, is doing fairly well. Hunter, Harry, of Brookside, who was sent to the hospital in Pueblo September 13 suffering from typhoid fever, is better than when last reported. Innes, C. S., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital September 27 on account of a fractured leg, is doing well and is now on crutches. Jones, Thomas, of Coal Creek, who was admitted to the hospital August 30 on ac- count of a fractured right thigh, and who was walking around, has been called home by sickness in his family. Keyes, Frank, of Rouse, who was admit- ted to the hospital October 12 on account of hernia, went to Madrid, New Mexico, last week, much improved. Kinney, Fred, of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital October 11 on account of typhoid fever, is still seriously ill. Klingholz, W. H., a member of the survey- ing party at work on the reservoir near Leadville, who was admitted to the hospital October 10 on account of bronchitis, is im- proving. He is now walking around. Krai, Frank, of Primero, who was admitted to the hospital October 7 on account of paralysis of both arms, is slightly better, as he is now able to move part of his left arm. He is about the same as when last reported. Lavas, Peter, of Rockvale, who came to the hospital August 21 on account of a frac- tured left leg. is walking around now. Lepper, William H., of Trinidad, an em- ploye of the Mountain Telegraph Company, was admitted to the hospital October 17 on account of appendicitis, and is doing nicely. McGann, James, of Tercio, who came to the hospital September 13 for amputation of the second, third and fourth fingers of his right hand, is getting along nicely. Mankalo, Mike, of Berwind, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a double fracture of the right thigh, is doing well. Meek, Archibald, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital September 26 with typhoid fever, is better. Morgenstein, Tony, of Coal Creek, who was admitted to the hospital October 15, is doing nicely. It will be remembered that Morgenstein was severely injured in Novem- ber, 1900, sustaining a fracture of the skull. He is now being treated for trouble result- ing from this injury. Muschetti, Rocco, of Coal Creek, who came to the hospital September 17 on ac- count of a fracture of the great toe of his right foot, is doing well. Mooney, Charles, of Tercio, who came to the hospital September 25 on account of chronic gastritis, is better. Pagnolta, Forte, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25 on account of a contused head, is walking around and doing well. Randle, C. P., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account of a lacerated and contused leg, injuries which were sustained by him by being caught under a moving train, was operated for skin grafting October 4, and is now do- ing well. He will be about on crutches soon. Reballa, Joseph, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital September 19 on account of an abscess on the right side of the lower jaw, and who was operated upon September 29, is doing fairly well. Reese, David H., of Rockvale, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 9 on account of appendicitis, was operated upon Octo- ber 11, and is doing nicely. Rozak, Martin, of Rockvale, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 16 on account of typhoid fever, is doing fairly well. Salvin, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 3 on ac- count of a fractured right leg, is doing well and is now up. Scanlan, Martin, of Segundo, who was sent to the hospital August 6 on account of pleu- risy, was sent home October 20. Wilson, J. J., of Rockvale, who early in this season played with the Colorado Fuel and Iron team in Pueblo, and who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a fractured leg, is doing well. He is now walking around. Zambrano, Frank, of Tabasco, who was admitted to the hospital July 26 on account of typhoid fever, had a relapse and was very critically ill for some time, but is daily improving. He is now able to be up and out of doors a little each day, and is consid- erably better. CAMP AND PLANT. 401 Zenoli, Victor, of Brookside, was admit- ted to the hospital October 2 with typhoid fever. So far he has done very well. The Boy Got the Job. A Pueblo merchant has become fond of an office boy he engaged last June. The boy entered early in the morning, when the merchant was reading the paper. The latter glanced up and went on reading without speaking. After three minutes the boy said: "Excuse me — but I am in a hurry." "What do you want?" "A job." "You do? Well," snorted the man of busi- Steel Corporation place the net earnings for July, August and September, 1902, with the last month estimated, at $36,764,643, and the net earnings for nine months, deducting each month's expenses for ordinary repairs, renewals and maintenance of plant, interest on bonds and fixed charges, at $101,143,158. The usual dividends of 1% per cent, on the preferred and 1 per cent on the common quarterly has been declared. Mineral Products of United States in 1901. The United States geological survey has issued its annual statistical summary of the mineral products of the United States for City of Rocks, Near Fierro, N. M. In an area of some two acres gigantic points of rock, projecting twenty-five to fifty feet, many of them ex- tremely fancifully shaped, form regular streets and alleyways which here narrow to only a few feet in width, and there widen into a plaza or squrae. ness, "why are you in such a hurry?" "Got to hurry," replied the boy. "Left school yesterday to go to work, and haven't struck anything yet. I can't waste time. If you've got nothing for me to do say so and I'll look elsewhere. The only place I can stop long is where they pay me for it." "When can you come?" asked the sur- prised merchant, "Don't have to come," he was told. "I'm here now and would have been to work be- fore this if you had said so." Earnings of the United States Steel Corpo- ration. A New York dispatch dated October 8 says: The directors of the United States the calendar year 1901. It shows for the entire country a grand total of $1,092,234,390 as the value of mineral produced in 1901, as against $1,064,408,321 in 1900. This com- prises $566,331,090 worth of non-metallic mineral products, $524,873,284 metallic pro- ducts, and $1,000,000 (estimated) of min- eral products unspecified. The value of the pig iron is placed at $242,172,000; chromic iron ore, $5,790; limestone for iron flux, $4,659,836; manganese ore, $116,722. The Poor Campanile. Punch suggests a new name for the Cam- panile of Venice — when restored, of course: "The I-Fell Tower." 402 CAMP AND PLANT. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY published by the sociological d3paetment of The Coloeado Foel and Ieon Company AND devoted to NEWS FROM THE MINES AND MILLS LAWRENCE LEWIS, Editoe Denveh Pueblo OFFICES : Boston Building, Eoom 720 Minnequa Hospital Entered at the Postoffice at Denver, Colo., as second- class mail matter. Subsceiption Peice . $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either OiBce. News matter should be sent to the Pueblo Office. Satuedat, October 25, 1902 NOTICE. Subscribers who wish to have Camp and Plant sent to a new address should give their old address, as well as the new. The editor will not guarantee that the change will be made unless both addresses and the subscriber's name in full are given. c j^ NEWS ITEMS ^ ] James Crisnlc has returned to work after eleven days' illness. Ed McCabe, timekeeper, is becoming quite an expert at ping-pong, and will soon be in condition to meet all comers. Booker Hall and Ed Kane were injured while working on the charging floor at the converter last week. Neither injury is very serious and both men will be at work again soon. Jesse Day has returned to work at the converter after a two weeks' vacation. A. S. Bleim contemplates a trip East in the near future. W. P. Knowle came very near having a serious accident last week. He is employed by Riter and Conley on the structural iron and while working about sixty feet from the ground he suddenly lost his equilibrium and fell. His presence of mind alone saved him from destruction. He had fallen only ten feet when he grasped a steel pillar with both hands and succeeded in holding on. His fellow workmen rescued him from his position. The young son of Harry Raven, who for some time was dangerously ill with typhoid fever, is now improving rapidly. Mr. Ra- ven's numerous friends are all glad to hear the news of the little boy's recovery. Dan Foley has accepted a position as pipe fitter at the rail mill. A great deal of the structural steel for the boiler house for Furnace "E" is already on the ground, and the rest is coming in rapidly. Tony Chilberto had nis foot injured Octo- ber 13, while working on the scrap pile in the East yard. The foot recovered, and Tony came back to work a few days after- wards. The same day that he returned he was breaking scrap and a splinter flew into his eye. The later injury may prove to be serious. Joe Novark has been ill for several days twice this month, and is absent from work at present. Charles Donese, while working on the scaffolding for the engine house for "E" furnace, fell to the ground and, although he is not permanently injured, he is badly cut up, and will be away from work for some time. Mike Simsich is again on the company roll after an absence of a few months. Jim Rouse, who has been sick for several days, is again at work. Paul Dudra, one of the many laborers at the plant who is also a farmer on a small scale, reports that his farm did very well this year. Mrs. I. B. Stamm gave a small, informal party October 14. Only special friends were present. The guests enjoyed themselves till the late hours of the night. Thomas Daley and Richard Daley, ladle men at the converter, are back from Joliet, Illinois, where they went to attend the mar- riage of their sister. John Jones, who has lately recovered from a five-weeks' illness, returned to work last week. He was able to work for six days. CAMP AND PLANT. 403 when his indisposition returned, and he is once more on a sick bed. William H. Reed, contractor on brick, has had to give up his work because of an old weakness, and will return to mining, his for- mer employment. He left for Crested Butte this week. Adam Gabrich, who has been sick in the hospital, is out now, and will start to work again soon. Harry Gambridge and George Rounds oc- cupied their box as usual at "Over the Fence" last Saturday night. J. K. Selsor, the switchman who injured his foot last June in the South yard, was at the office this week. He is still on crutches, and the doctors say he will be doing well if he has the use of his foot in three months. There is, however, no doubt of its ultimate recovery. Mr. Selsor is selling tickets on a very fine Elgin watch which he carries. All his old friends are glad to purchase, and the raffle will, we hope, net him a very neat sum. The drawing takes place at Foley's in Bessemer, October 25. C. Morris, our once well-known timekeep- er, is weighmaster at the Rio Grande in Pueblo. A. C. Lewis has just returned from an ex- tended hunting trip into Routt county. He rode the entire way from here there on horseback, but returned on the train. He was gone six weeks and comes back with some very large game, including one bear and two deer. He is having one of the deer mounted. The head is very beautiful. William H. McGuire is back from a six weeks' vacation, and once more at work on the electric shears. He spent most of his time in St. Louis and at his old home in Mis- souri. Four new men were put to work in the pattern shop last week. They were H. T. Watson of Fort Collins, George Seitz of Burlington, Iowa. J. A. Roth of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and Philip Cook of Chicago. All are new men in Pueblo and we hope they will decide to settle here permanently. Miss Flora Boucher, at the wrapping coun- ter in the Supply Company store, is at home ill, and Mrs. Phoebe Beech is taking her place. Mrs. L. U. Guggenheim and daughter took a short trip to Denver October 17. Joseph McCauley and wife have returned from their wedding trip looking happy and contented as a bride and groom should. Bessemer was the scene of another very pretty wedding last week, when one of its prettiest and most popular young ladies. Miss Mary Jessie Langdon, was married to Louis Vincent. Hon. Albert Highberger, justice of the peace, tied the knot, and Miss Myrtle Dean, Miss Russie Coleman and Wil- liam Orison were the only friends present. Miss Langdon is the oldest daughter of Wil- liam Langdon, a prominent citizen of Besse- mer, and the groom is an employe at the Steel Works. A very dainty breakfast was served after the ceremony, and the couple are now keeping house at 1108 Cedar street. William O'Brien, manager of the teams and teamsters around the yard, has been ill for several days. Juan Raynor, head foreman of all the floating gang contractors in the yard, has gone to Butte, Montana, for a few weeks on company business. Charles Longnipper fell from the north end of the open-hearth building on the morn- ing of October 18 and was instantly killed. He was working with his brother at the time, and no one understands just how he lost his footing. All the structural iron men immediately ceased work, and the entire open hearth was soon deserted. Mr. Long- nipper was very well liked by his fellow workmen, and the accident was a very sad one. A week ago Monday a third brother fell and broke both his legs, and will be in the hospital for a long time to come. Both surviving brothers have the sincere sym- pathy of all who know them. John R. Collins has resigned his position in the rail mill and will probably accept a position with the Colorado and Wyoming Railway. Tom Davis and Lee Bedford engaged in a disgraceful row on the night of October 18, and the result was that Bedford shot and perhaps fatally wounded Davis. The for- mer is now in jail. Both were employed in H. T. Parsons' floating gang. The west end of the old slag dump is be- ing dug away, and a road will be run around it to the rock crushers. E. O. Cole, a carpenter, is spending his vacation in the mountains and incidentally looking after some mining interests which he has up there. Miss Stanley was ill for a few days last week, but is back at work now, looking as sunny and bright as ever. Mike Dellich No. 2, who injured his hand Tipple. Power House. Colorado Supply Co. Store. Superintendei Panorama of All of this town has been built by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company in the last fourteen months. The workmen's model dw( picture and in the right-hand corner. The lower part of to Town of Primero. he Company are in violent contrast with the houses built by former residents and shown in the foreground of the center of the ou page 394 is too far to the left to be shown in this picture. 406 CAMP AND PLANT. at the B and W boilers of the rail mill a few weeks ago, is now back at work. Dick Burke, bricldayer, has resigned his position here and will return to his home in Johnstown, Pennsylvania. Thomas Crocker, superintendent of the pipe foundry, is in the East for his health. Herbert Myers, formerly furnace foreman at the Philadelphia smelter, has accepted a position at the Minnequa Works. R. W. Corwin, M. D., chief surgeon of the Medical Department and superintendent of the Sociological Department for the Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company, returned Mon- day, October 20, from the East, where he went to attend a meeting of the Academy of Railway Surgeons, which was held in Kan- sas City. The doctor also made a trip to Chicago. The Colorado Supply Company has lately installed a soft drink department in its Min- nequa store. C. S. Robinson, manager of the Iron De- partment for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, was here for a few days last week. Mr. and Mrs. Harry Raven have been en- tertaining Mr. and Mrs. Robert McGrade of Nebraska. Pat Flannery has returned to work at the soaking pits of the blooming mill after an illness of a few weeks. Andy Hogg has been appointed a time- keeper, with headquarters at the blast fur- naces. Fred Albrecht is back from a vacation in the East. Mr. Albrecht was ill before he went away, but his trip has improved him greatly, and he will enter upon his old du- ties next week. John Fisher is taking the place of Mr. Raynor during the latter's absence in Butte, Montana. Nelson Hanna, messenger boy at the main office, had a severe attack of cold in his eyes this week, but is getting better rap- idly. Charles Daniels has left H. T. Parsons' gang and is now working at the converter. Claude Runner, office boy in H. A. Case's office, is quite an enthusiastic picture taker. He has lately purchased another cam- era, and bids fair to become an expert. A very elaborate ball will be given on November 29 by the Three Rail Lodge No. 49, S. U. N. A. All the switchmen at Besse- mer are very much interested in the affair. and are working diligently for its success. This will be the fifth annual dance of the switchmen. Clifford Boggs, son of the superintendent for Riter and Conley, is recovering very sat- isfactorily from a severe attack of typhoid fever. Carl Lago, a pipe fitter and riveter in the construction department, was slightly in- jured October 20 by a falling pulley. He was working some distance from the ground when a rope broke, allowing a pulley just above to fall. It struck him on the head and almost knocked him from the scaffolding. The scalp wound will not, however, prove serious. P. R. Williams, one of the clerks who came down from Denver, went back to the scene of his former employment last Sat- urday to pay a short visit to his mother. While up there he happened down in the Boston building to see some of his old friends, and while there was seen by J. A. Writer, auditor of the company. Mr. Writer immediately made him put on his working togs and declares that such a good man shall not get out of Denver again until he has put in several good days' work in the auditing department there. Everyone who has met F. W. Richards will be very sorry to learn that he has left us for good and returned to Denver. He was one of the recent arrivals from Denver, and was in charge of all the clerks employed on the cost sheets. While here he ingratiat- ed himself with all who met him. F. B. Sharps, another of the clerks work- ing on the cost sheets, has been on the sick list for several days, but is not seriously ill. W. H. M. Latshaw, son of the City Auditor W. D. Latshaw, has been given a position in the laboratory. He is now testing pig iron for sulphur and silica. Mr. Latshaw was a student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for four years. "C" furnace, for several days last week and until Tuesday of this week, was work- ing on Spiegel. J. C. Cornell, superintendent of the South- ern Division of the Colorado and Wyoming railway, with headquarters in Trinidad, was in Pueblo for several days last week, return- ing to Trinidad on Friday. R. A. C. F. & I., 5; Denver Leaguers, 3. The baseball season of 1902 is at an end and the home team finished by defeating an CAMP AND PLANT. 407 aggregation of professional players from Denver and Colorado Springs and a National Leaguer from Brooklyn. The C. F. & I. nine has redeemed itself grandly for the six de- feats of the season, and Shaw, the "little wonder," has proven himself the best ama- teur pitcher that has appeared here this year. The game last Sunday, October 19, was sensational and exciting. Twice dur- ing the game the score was tied and finally was won by a home run driven far over Preston's head by Baerwald, who brought in Hemphill as well as himself. Aside from Baerwald's home run, Hahn's hitting was a feature. Out of three times up he made three hits, one for three bases. Although Lempke allowed but six hits, the home team was more successful in bunching them than their opponents and earned three runs. While the visiting team made six hits off Shaw, they were scattered, and had the vis- itors been unassisted by errors they would not have scored. Shaw's pitching was the most prominent feature of the game. He struck out thirteen men, among them, Ra- mey, Preston and Captain Everett of the Springs team. He struck out Flood, the for- mer short stop for Brooklyn, twice. In fact, McCausland was the only one who seemed to be able to hit Shaw at all. There was quite a little Denver money in the crowd and some of the home boys collected a share of it The following is the tabulated score: Denver Leaguers. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Ramey, short stop 5 1 1 4 1 Preston, center field 4 1 1 Flood, third base 3 112 Everett, first base 4 1 8 Newmeyer, right field 3 2 1 Cotton, second base 3 13 Taylor, left field 3 1 1 1 McCausland, catcher 4 3 6 1 Lempke, pitcher 4 1 Totals 33 3 6 24 7 3 Colorado Fuel & Iron. ab. r. 1b. po. a. e. Robson, third base 4 1 1 2 1 1 Hahn, center field 3 3 1 1 Derby, left field 4 1 1 Hollingsworth, short stop. 4 10 111 Hemphill, second base.... 2 10 3 3 Baerwald, catcher 3 1 113 4 Gaston, right field 4 1 Lee, first base 3 6 2 Shaw, pitcher 3 1 1 1 Totals 30 5 6 27 12 5 Score by Innings: 1 23456789 Denver Leaguers 0.0 200100 — 3 C. F. &I 00210200 X— 5 Summary — Stolen bases — Hemphill, Ev- erett. Two-base hit — McCausland. Three- base hit — Hahn. Home run — Baerwald. Double play — McCausland to Everett. Bases • on balls — Shaw, 4; Lempke, 3. Hit by pitched ball — By Shaw, 2. Struck out — By Shaw, 13; by Lempke, 3. Passed ball, Baer- wald. Earned Runs — C. F. & I., 3. Left on bases — C. P. & I., 5; Denver Leaguers, 6. Attendance— 1,200. Time— 2:10. Umpire- Spencer. Scorer — Righter. ANTHRACITE. The dance given on the hill a week ago by our boys was a well attended and pleas- ant affair. Quite a number of young people drove up from town and, regardless of the stormy night, stayed to the home waltz. Ex- cellent music was furnished by Professor Tetard's orchestra, composed of four pieces. A bountiful repast was served at 11:30, after which dancing continued until the wee sma' hours. David Williamson, one of our miners, has purchased Mr. Bray's residence in town, and has moved his family there. We are sorry to note families leaving the hill. The snowstorm of Saturday night did much to beautify the hills, but left the roads very muddy. Our new school teacher. Miss Easterly of Ohio Creek, is quite a favorite with her twelve little pupils. Barney Haulie, who was sent to the hos- pital September 13 with a broken shoulder, received by falling from a wagon, has re- turned and will resume work soon. J. H. BROOKSIDE. Dr. H. S. Olney, pathologist, and Dr. J. T. Dowling, interne at the Minnequa Hospital in Pueblo, spent Sunday, October 19, visit- ing friends in Brookside. The doctors were very favorably impressed with what they saw of camp life here. The mine was shut down a few hours on Saturday on account of scarcity of cars. A. T. Kendall, auditor for the Colorado Supply Company, spent Thursday, October 16, with Manager Morris of this place. The fruit harvest is about over, and great 408 CAMP AND PLANT. piles of apples are being cached in the orchards about here. The market is so con- gested that there is no sale for the fruit at any price. Smith Cochran, our blacksmith, has been off duty during the past week, harvesting his apple crop. An infant son of Tony Moschetti fell into a boiler of boiling tomatoes on October 15, and was severely burned about the back and shoulders. He had been doing nicely up to time of going to press. Dana Deritus is suffering with typhoid fever. Nicola Colerelli, who has been suffering with typhoid fever for the past two weeks, is doing well. Barto Gurelli received a severe contusion about the right eye on October 16. Joseph Rua is confined to the house with stomach trouble. Miss Kate Van Loo had a severe attack of tonsilitis during the past week. Joseph McCann of Crested Butte is visit- ing friends here. The Italian lodge met in Brookside on Sunday afternoon, October 19. Brookside is progressing. Through the in- defatigable efforts of our agent, the Atchi- son, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway now runs its passenger train up to the town morning and evening. The schedule is about the same as formerly. The junction stop has been discontinued. We expect to have a nice new depot soon. Julian De Donito received a slight scalp wound on October 9. Anton Kohinka and family left for Europe on Sunday, October 11. They do not expect to return to Brookside after their visit in the old country. Mrs. Louis De Reinzie is rapidly recover- ing from a serious illness. Ralph Rider is about again after a five weeks' siege with typhoid fever. Mrs. William Easton of Primero visited Mrs. David Griffiths on October 11. Her lit- tle daughter remained to visit Misses Nanno and Lizzie Griffiths for a few days. Samuel Rider has gone on an extended duck hunt in San Luis valley. He expects to open a game market upon his return. Nicholo Sass received a painful laceration of the left eye on October 10. Rocco Merlino is slowly recovering from a similar injury. Genetino Merlino has recovered from ty- phoid fever. Rocco Getti received a severe contusion of the back and left foot October 11, but is able to be about on crutches this week. Joe Kocco is laid up with a bruised foot, received October 12. William Graft was laid up a few days last week with a severe sore throat. Pay day went off smoothly October 11. Over $11,000 was distributed. P. & S. COALBASIN. Division Superintendent J. P. Thomas was in camp a few days ago. Mr. Hanawald is making some needed im- provements around the company's store. The Rev. Father Lepore of Denver spent a day in Coalbasin the 17th. Father Lepore is pastor of Mount Carmel Church of Den- ver. In company with him was Dr. Mar- tino of Italy and Professor Jaccoe of Red- stone. Thursday, October 16, was a slow day for the men, there being three bad wrecks on the tramway. Mr. Doyle moved his family from New- castle to Coalbasin last week. The Coalbasin Dancing club gave a swell ball at the clubhouse Saturday evening, October 18. The annual reports of the Hospital and Sociological Departments of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company are before us. They are two very interesting reports, showing excellent work in both departments, and reflect great credit upon Dr. R. W. Corwin, chief surgeon, and Superintendent. They also show the magnanimity and interest the company is manifesting toward its men. The reports are neatly compiled, being very compact and complete. T. M. Gibb, superintendent of the Crystal River Railroad; Carl Keller, J. B. Bowen and A. E. Sanders of Redstone were callers Sunday, October 19. Coalbasin was honored by visits from James Wood, Walter Hunnewell and Charles Jackson, Jr., of Boston, and George Herring- ton, of Pueblo. George W. Bowen of Pueblo, president of Minnequa Town Company and Pueblo Real- ty Trust Company, was here Sunday, Octo- ber 19. W. E. A. CAMP AND PLANT, 409 EL MORO. Mr. and Mrs. Charles Whitsell are happy over the arrival of an unusually fine nine- pound boy. Miss Prendergast has started a cooking class at the kindergarten. It meets twice a week. Mrs. J. A. Kebler and Mrs. Margaret Gra- bill were visitors at the kindergarten Friday afternoon of last week. Horace Hubbard is reported as out of the hospital. An Italian marriage took place in Trini- dad October 9, the parties living in this camp. The names are Vitule Manino and the daughter of Frank Vazzano. John Cocimijlio and family have left for Segundo. They have been residents here for eight or nine years and will be missed very much. E. K. ENGLE. Like all the rest of mankind, Superintend- ent "Jim" Cameron is growing old. The other day marked off another milestone in his career, yet the event hardly entered "Jim's" mind. He went home to supper that evening, but noticed nothing unusual about the house. Finally the doorbell rang and our genial machinist. "Jim"' Young, and Mrs. Young were announced. It was not long before the bell was again heard, and in walked two or three others. By this time the "Super'' began to think that something was doing, and it dawned upon him that it was his birthday — his thirty-fifth. A sur- prise party had been arranged, and when the people were corralled in one room it was found that the following friends were there with their best wishes: Mr. and Mrs. J. G. Young, Mr. and Mrs. David Johnston, Mr. and Mrs. James Laird, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Angster. Mr. and Mrs. John Tweed- die, Mr. and- Mrs. Peter Stewart, Mr. and Mrs. Warren Dow, Mrs. Laura Lambert, Miss Prendergast. Messrs. Alexander Ja- cobs, Malcolm Murphy and Felix Cundy. Mrs. Cameron had purchased a handsome gold watch and chain for her husband, and Mr. Jacobs, in one of his characteristic speeches, presented the token to Mr. Camer- on. Mrs. Laird followed on behalf of the friends gathered together, and presented Mr. Cameron with a fine large chair. "Jim'' was completely overcome, but he managed to express his hearty thanks. During the evening music was enjoyed, furnished by Messrs. Johnston, Murphy and Cundy. Ice cream, cake and homemade candy were served. Miss Prendergast doing the honors. Field McChesney of Trinidad succeeded Warren Dow, Jr., as second clerk at the company office. The latter is attending high school at Trinidad. John Tarabino is mourning the loss of a horse, which was stolen from in front of his brother's house in Trinidad a few evenings since. The buggy was found in a badly broken up condition in an arroyo near Mor- ley. No trace of the horse has yet been found. Mrs. Julian A. Kebler, accompanied by Mrs. Margaret Grabill, paid Engle a flying visit last week. Mrs. Robert O'Neil of Primero was in town last week, and was present at the ball given by the Ladies' Benevolent Society. ?,Iiss Shepherd Cameron is the new li- brarian at the Engle reading room. Miss Jessie Young was ill for three or four days recently. Paymaster Jones distributed $12,000 on his recent visit to this camp. The pay roll for September footed up $20,000. Registration began here last Tuesday, < with James G. Young, Tobias Duran and Jim Suasso as registrars. An extension in the Straight entry of 1,000 feet was completed at this mine on the 11th, and on Monday morning the rope was in place for hauling. There was some de- lay experienced, but that has • been over- come. As a result of this improvement the haul has been shortened with the advan- tage of a down grade, and an increase in production is looked for. The Ladies' Benevolent Society held a most successful ball in Tarabino hall on the evening of October 11. Everybody had a good time, and the balance in the treasury of the society was considerably increased. FIERRO, NEW MEXICO. Ezra Simmons was a Sunday visitor to Hanover. New Mexico. Mrs. T. H. O'Brien and daughter Aileen, accompanied by Mrs. Knowles, Mrs. Gil- christ and Mrs. Eeeson, took a drive behind the big mules on Tuesday, visiting Craig's fruit ranch at Lone Mountain. 4J0 CAMP AND PLANT. Our camp is full of candidates, indicating that an election is close at hand. A. E. Dawson, late of the Gilchrist & Dawson company store, is on the sick list. Nicolas Jolivas, who is employed at the Union Hill mine, is laid up with a sprained ankle. Mr. and Mrs. J. B. Gilchrist spent Sunday in Silver City. The dance given by the members of the local school board at the school house on Saturday night was quite a success. Typhoid fever is reported as epidemic in quite a number of surrounding camps, but Fierro seems very fortunate in that respect this fall, inasmuch as it is in the healthiest condition it has been in for three years. On the morning of October 5 a jolly crowd of young folks, chaperoned by Mesdames O'Brien, Gilchrist and Beeson, filled their baskets with edibles unprepared, climbed to the top of a mountain near by, pitched their tents, built fires and proceeded to enjoy themselves as only pioneers can. T. H. O'Brien, acting as master of ceremonies, did excellent work— with his teeth. The cele- brated chef, Jay Bee, from Copper Flats, was very much in evidence, and did the right thing. The oflice of errand boy fell to Fred Dean, who, not unlike the traditional I messenger boy, got lost on one of his er- rands and had to be sent for by Sergeant- at-Arms Cramer. S. B. Rosenberger, as of- ficial photographer, had a snap. After a thorough inspection of the camp and cook- ing viands by the health officer, who said "it looked pretty good to him,'' all partook heartily, never once thinking of crowding the limit on the peck of dirt allotted to each in a lifetime. The feast was concluded with the serving of cone sprays by Misses Stein and Schmidt and a song " 'En Sha' 'e 'eet Adin?" by the little three-year-old mascot, Aileen O'Brien. All arrived home safely before dark, tired, but still jolly. C. F. B. GIBSON, NEW MEXICO. W. P. Belcte, clerk at the mines, has gone to Southern California to spend a vacation of several weeks. Mr. Belote has done the office work alone for a number of months, while nearly 400 men were employed, be- sides looking after the extra work caused by the construction of a large tipple for the Gallup mine. His diligent and faithful ser- vices certainly merit the reward of a helpful and happy sojourn on the coast. The machinery for the new Gallup mine tipple has arrived and will be placed very soon. Among those who visited the Territorial Fair at Albuquerque were T. J. McAllister and John Pitts of Gibson. Mr. Kenney is substituting as mine clerk in the absence of Mr. Belote. Mr. Buhrlege, our barber, who is at the hospital with typhoid fever, is improving. The "Weaver mine works almost daily now, and prospects for steady work in the near future are very good. Mr. Hills of Denver is again at the bri- quette plant, looking after construction work. A pleasant dance was given at the school house last Saturday evening by the young people of Gibson. A large number attended, and all report a splendid time. William C. Arndt, assistant credit man for the Continental Oil Company at Denver, Colorado, arrived in Gibson last week and is the guest of Manager William Kelly of the Colorado Supply Company's store. Mr. Arndt will probably remain here for two or three weeks. Ed A. Johnson, the affable gentleman who looks after the dry goods side of the Colo- rado Supply Company's store in Gallup, re- turned yesterday morning from his vacation, passed in Chicago, Iowa and Colorado. He looks well and reports having had a splen- did time while absent from the Coal City. J. J. P. LIME. M. Jachetta and Mr. Nigro of Pueblo spent Sunday with Frank Giardine, our en- terprising merchant. October 19 was pay day. Miss Adelaide M. Jennings, teacher in the school at Carlisle, visited last Saturday and Sunday, October 19 and 20, with Mr. and Mrs. J. N. Sease. W. E. Davis, of the reservoir engineering gang, was seen here Sunday. H, J. S. ORIENT. We had pay day a few days ago, and everybody seems to be in a happy mood. Some of the men were on a tear, but have quieted down, and everything is going nicely CAMP AND PLANT. 411 once more. Pay day very seldom affects anyone here in this way, and we trust this will not happen again. J. J. Lonergan returned on the evening of October 11 from Denver, where he had been attending the carnival. He reports having had a very pleasant time. T. McNamara, our superintendent, is off to Howard for a few days, looking after the company's interests. Mr. McMechen and Mr. Watts, surveying engineers, were in camp for a few days, do- ing some work in the mine for the com- pany. E. J. M. PICTOU. The Pictou public school opened Septem- ber 8 with an enrollment of about 150 pu- pils. The principal is Mr. Neely of Kansas; the assistant teachers. Miss Blickhahn of Walsenberg and Miss Kneberg of Moline, Illinois. Before the winter term ends there will probably be an enrollment of 200 pu- pils. The new building is greatly appre- ciated by all, and deep interest is shown in all educational lines. Mr. Neely has intro- duced clay modeling, and his pupils are en- joying this work Friday afternoons. Owing to the delay of the kindergarten supplies, the kindergarten was not opened until September 22, but the delay did not lessen the interest of the children, and the daily attendance is very encouraging. There is an enrollment of thirty-two children. Mr. Neely also has charge of the night school, which meets on Monday, Wednesday and Friday nights. This school and the classes use the school house every night of the week except Saturday nights, which are reserved for dances. The Pictou band practices on Tuesday and Thursday nights. The boys' class in physical culture meets every Tuesday and Thursday night in the school house auditorium. They have a drill in Swedish gymnastics, play indoor base- ball and end the evening by singing and dancing. There is already a marked im- provement in their drill work. The boys enjoy the baseball especially. The enroll- ment is thirty boys. ihe class in physical culture for girls meets every Monday and Wednesday after- noon. The girls are doing their work well, and as a class will make a good appearance when they get their new gymnasium suits. Their work consists of a short drill in Swed- ish gymnastics, while most of the time is devoted to rhythm work. Twenty-five girls are enrolled. Dumbbells have been ordered for both classes, and will probably be here this week. The class in basketry began last Tuesday afternoon. The whole school is enjoying the new piano. It is made by Hobart Cable and is a sweet-toned, well-made instrument. So that the piano may be enjoyed by more pupils, the primary grade joins the kindergarten every morning in the singing of songs. Professor H. J. Wilson of the Sociological Department gave a lecture, illustrated with stereopticon views, on Friday evening in the auditorium of the school house. Dr. T. D. Baird gave a very interesting lecture last week to the school children. Next week he will give another lecture to the parents. The farce, "A Proposal Under Difficulties," by John Kendrick Bangs, is being rehearsed, and as soon as possible will be given for the benefit of the school. Mr. Hummer, the carpenter for the So- ciological Department, is in Pictou making some necessary improvements on the school building. He is putting up storm porches, and is making cupboards and blackboards for the different rooms. William Tombling was struck by lightning Sunday, September 28, and was instantly killed. He left a wife and four children, who have the sympathy of the whole camp. T. J. Johnson has a contract to build 150 new pit cars, and he expects soon to receive an order for 300 more. He has already em- ployed a blacksmith and two blacksmiths' helpers, and when the work is well under way Mr. Johnson expects to keep twenty men busy. The mine is now producing well, taking out on an average almost 600 tons a day. A benefit dance was given for the widow of William Tombling last Saturday night, October 11, and $160 was raised. There was a good attendance. Everyone had a good time and enjoyed the dancing till an early hour the next morning. Much credit is due to the young ladies and gentlemen who served the good supper. Mrs. Margaret Grabill of Trinidad spent Thursday of last week in Pictou. Miss Kneberg was in Pueblo last Satur- day. 412 CAMP AND PLANT. George Phipps, our superintendent, spent last Saturday and Sunday in Pueblo. Miss Blickhahn's mother has been quite ill, but is now improving. There is an epidemic of measles and whooping cough in camp. Mrs. George Tombling, her daughter Ha- zel and son Clarence are confined to the house with the measles. Miss Nellie Campbell has been ill with mountain fever, but is better now. Mrs. George Phipps is on the sick list. Mrs. Tombling and John Tombling of Denver came down from there to attend the funeral of the late William Tombling. Mr. and Mrs. T. J. Johnson and family moved from Walsenburg to Pictou last week. Mr. Naylor, Mr. Bdmonston and Mr. How- ard Smith of the Colorado Supply Company store attended a ping-pong party in Walsen- berg Tuesday night. Pictou and Santa Clara played a game of baseball on Santa Clara grounds last Sun- day. The score was 6 to 5 in favor of Santa Clara. On October 10 the Pictou team played Santa Clara on the Walsenberg diamond. The final score was 13 to 10 in favor of the Santa Clara or Rouse team. M. M. PRIMERO. The new school house is nearing comple- tion, and everybody is well pleased with the ball room and stage. James McDougal, who was injured in the mine by a fall of rock, was taken to the hospital Monday, October 20. His condition is precarious. Louis Smith and wife spent Sunday in Trinidad. Manager Johnson of the Colorado Supply Company is arranging a special train from Primero to Tercio for the opening dance at that place. The Primero football team has been do- ing some hard practicing and is looking for the scalps of Trinidad and Starkville. Warren Dow of Engle visited the camp Sunday and enjoyed a good dinner with us. A few days ago the Primero miners broke the record by turning out considerable more than 3,000 tons in one day. Mr. Everhart. who is superintending the construction of the new school house, says the building will be completed in about two weeks. A new carpenter and blacksmith shop is in way of construction near the power house. Nearly all the houses in camp are now occupied, and nearly all the shacks have been demolished. Superintendent Danford of Segundo vis- ited this camp Wednesday of last week. The new mine office has beeji completed and comfortably and tastefully fitted up. W. M. O. REDSTONE. Julius Pearse, formerly chief of the Den- ver Fire Department, now representing the Seagrave Company of Columbus, Ohio, deal- ers in fire appliances, was here last week. He gave a very satisfactory exhibition of the fire extinguishing properties of the chemical engine manufactured by his company. On Friday evening, October 17, a very en- thusiastic meeting was held in the opera house for the purpose of organizing a fire department for the mountain village of Red- stone. The programme began with several selections by the Redstone band, followed by three or four numbers by the Drum and Fife corps, all of which were vociferously applauded. The business proper of the meeting was then taken up. H. F. Pearson was appointed chairman and A. E. Sanders secretary. The Hon. J. C. Osgood was unanimously elected president. T. M. Gibb was chcsen without dissent for the position of chief. For the place of foreman of the chemical engine there were four nominees, and a good deal of good-natured badinage and canvassing was indulged in, resulting in the election of A. D. Beaman. For foreman of the hose cart there were also four can- didates, from among whom W. G. Bolton was elected. After the meeting adjourned a dance was arranged for in the main lounging room of the club, much to the enjoyment of the company present. Messrs. Jackson and Walter Hunnewell, Jr., of Boston, and George Herrington and George W. Bowen of Pueblo, visited Red- stone on Saturday, October 18, making the high line trip up Sunday, and returning the same evening to Glenwood Springs. The Boston gentlemen were much impressed with what they saw in this "neck of the woods.'' C. H. Lee, supervising architect, has been CAMP AND PLANT. 413 laid up for a few days with a cold. We are glad to note that he is out again. Father Reveille of Glenwood read the mass to a number of his flock in the reading room on Sunday morning, October 19, and preached to a mixed congregation in the evening. The reverend father is a man of eminent attainments. J. H. xVIurfitt and Mr. Lehow were both in Redstone last week, looking after some work. Other visitors in Redstone last week were William Batt of Avalanche, F. H. Heaton of Marble, Evan Williams of the "Marble Times," Father Lipore and Dr. Marino of Denver. The marble quarry is being pushed to its utmost as a result of the recent satisfactory test made of the product. An excursion party of twenty-five under the management of W. E. Wallace came iip from Glenwood on Sunday, October 12. Among them were Mr. and Mrs. Dinkle of Carbondale, State Senator and Mrs. Taylor and F. C. Ewing of Glenwood Springs. They were very favorably impressed with our town. J. C. Osgood and T. M. Gibb came in on Sunday, October 12, from a tour of the southern camps. Otto Smigelow fired the Big 1 on Sunday, October 12, in place of Frank Spellman. Miss Josephine McBeth and her father, Charles McBeth of Denver, drove up from Cervera on Saturday, October 11, and vis- ited Mrs. Wright and Miss Freeman. They returned on the Sunday evening following. E. H. Grubb was Mr. Osgood's guest at the Redstone Inn Monday, October 13. The band concert in the opera house Sat- urday night of last week was well attended. Miss Josephine McBeth, who is teaching this year in the school near Cervera Station, paid our town a visit Saturday of last week, returning Monday. She was the guest of Mrs. Wright. Mrs. Joseph Preville, whose singing so won the Redstone people last winter, spent a week here renewing acquaintances. During her stay several social functions occurred in her honor, among which may be mentioned an afternoon reception at the home of Mrs. S. D. Blair, and a somewhat impromptu mu- sicale at Mrs. Nicholds' home. Mrs. Preville returned to Glenwood on Wednesday of last week. J. C. Osgood, J. A. Kebler, George Bowen, Mr. Harnois and Eugene Grubb were with us last week. Mr. Osgood and party left on Wednesday evening, en route for Trinidad, T. M. Gibb accompanying them. Ludwig Walmeyer went to Glenwood Thursday evening of last week to meet his wife, returning on Friday's train. Mrs. Wal- meyer will spend a few days here. Mr. and Mrs. Ed Shepard returned from Glenwood Friday noon of last week. Mrs. Zutulba Gleason has resumed work in the Palace store as stenographer and as- sistant accountant. The engineers' camp at Placita has been broken up, the boys being transferred to various points where work is being done by the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. They were a fine lot of fellows, and we shall miss them much. J. P. Thomas was in town on Friday even- ing of last week, on his way from Cpalbasin to headquarters in Glenwood Springs. The weather is ideal, and beautiful beyond expression is our little village under the mellow rays of the autumn sun. We are filled with poetic feelings, but, perhaps for- tunately, they remain feelings. T. A. ROUSE. The night school has opened, with good prospects for a successful term this winter. H. A. Dunton of Trinidad spent several days here last week. Mrs. M. T. Brennen was at Walsenburg for several days. Miss Cora Noble of Walsenburg is here to spend the winter with her cousin, Mrs. Charles Schrodes, and will attend school here. The many friends of Mrs. James Cregor of Midway are pleased to know that she is getting along nicely at the hospital in Trini- dad. R. A. Munger has succeeded Mr. Nord- gren as cashier in the Colorado Supply Com- pany's store, Mr. Nordgren having gone to Redstone to accept a similar position. William Watson and family of Pryor moved the first of last week to Trinidad, where they will reside in the future. The community regrets to lose this estimable family. The Columbine Club was reorganized last Friday, and a large number of ladies were present. They will learn the rafl^a basket- 414 CAMP AND PLANT. making under the direction of Mrs. Lander. A dance was given at Osgood hall a week ago for the benefit of the reading room. It was well attended and something over twenty dollars was left from the pro- ceeds after all expenses had been paid. The success of the affair was largely due to the efforts of Dr. Chapman, who never tires in his work to promote the general welfare of the camp. Rouse feels quite proud of her baseball team, which so ably represented her on the diamond during the season just closed. The A cut of the team is reproduced below. A Sunday school was organized in Osgood hall Sunday, October 5. with the following officers: Miss Adelle Porter, superintend- ent; Miss Eliza Deane, secretary; Mrs. Lan- der, treasurer. The school has a large en- rollment to begin with, and its prospects for the future are very bright. Clair Gibson of Pennsylvania, who spent several days here visiting relatives, has gone to Trinidad, where he has a position. Miss Lulu Watson and Mrs. Goskin of The Rouse Baseball Nine. nine won sixty-three per cent, of the sixteen games played, and therefore has a record of which it may well feel proud. However, the members of the club are not satisfied, and say that next season they expect to eclipse any baseball club in Southern Colorado. The season was also a success financially for the boys, as they have some money left in the treasury. They wish to thank the public for the liberal patronage given them. The team was composed of the following gen- tlemen: Messrs. W. L. Patchen, manager; Charles Irvin, captain; H. Shrodes. Monger, Colby, Chapman, Titters, Dick and Walker. Pryor were calling on friends here one day last week. A. S. Monger has gone to Coal Creek to visit his mother. C. A. Schrodes and wife have returned from Rocky Ford, where they spent several days visiting. A. S. Kendall, auditor for the Colorado Supply Company, was here last Wednesday. Mrs. Moore of Denver is here on a visit to her friend. Miss Porter. Mr. Sutton was at El Moro on Friday. Miss Curtis of Primrose was the guest of friends here last Saturday. CAMP AND PLANT. 415 The Rev. Mr. Hench of Walsenburg held services in Osgood hall last Monday evening. There is to be a masquerade ball given in Osgood hall next Saturday night for the benefit of the baseball team. Mrs. William Watson and daughters, Misses Carrie and Lulu, who have been vis- iting relatives here, have gone to Trinidad. Lester, the bright little son of Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Ketner of this place, died in Pueblo last week, where Mrs. Ketner had gone for treatment. The family has the sympathy of the entire community in the bereavement. James Kreiger, clerk of the Midway mine, went to Trinidad last Saturday evening to see his wife, who is in a hospital at that place on account of a severe case of typhoid fever. Her many friends here are delighted to know that she is recovering, and will be able to return home in a few days. Mrs. Jonah Moore of Midway last week went to Albuquerque, New Me:^ico, where she visited friends and attended the Terri- torial Fair. The trainmen on the Denver and Rio Grande branch running into Rouse were considerably delayed last week by two cars being derailed. James O'Neil, who has been at the hos- pital in Pueblo for the past three weeks, has returned home, his hand being much im- proved. Mrs. Ellis of Midway, who has been visit- ing her daughter in Durango for several weeks, has returned home. A very interesting game of baseball be- tween the Pictou and Rouse nines occurred at Walsen last Sunday, resulting in a vic- tory for Rouse. The score was 10 to 13 in our favor. SUNRISE, WYO. Mr. Pegg, at one time on the carpenter force here, has returned with his family and resumed his old position. A night school, consisting of a class of nine, is in progress, with Miss Blanche Dougherty in charge. James F. Currie spent Sunday in Chey- enne, returning Monday afternoon. A son was born to Mrs. J. B. Defond Mon- day, October 6. A. J. Briggs left October 7 for Hot Springs, South Dakota, where he goes in hopes of im- proving his health. There was quite an enjoyable little hop Saturday evening, October 5. Superintendent J. D. Gilchrist returned Saturday from Salt Lake City, Utah. SEGUNDO. The new school house is nearing comple- tion and will soon be ready for occupancy. In the present crowded quarters Professor Enlow is having his hands full, with sixty pupils, but is doing good work. Miss Lillian Carey, who has been ill for some time arrived last week, and will soon be able to assume charge of the junior grades in the school. Dr. C. E. Smith, whose office is house No. 100, wishes to announce that he has charge of the library, and will be pleased to have the people use the books more freely. Miss Desmond of Trinidad spent Sunday of last week with Miss Ward. F. E. Wight has returned to Segundo from the hospital at Pueblo, where he has been for ten days on account of stomach disorder. Mrs. W. J. Davies and two children, who have been suffering from tonsilitis, are on the mend. Friends of C. S. Innes and C. E. Mowry will rejoice to learn that they are slowly improving. Frank Fidele, a mule driver at the ovens, was killed last Thursday morning, by being thrown from his cart in a "runaway." Dr. W. M. Ogle of Primero was a caller in camp Saturday of last week. W. R. Keller of Denver takes the place va- cated by Operator C. N. Davis, at The Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company office here. Mr. Davis was transferred to Tabasco, and made first clerk. All drinking water should be boiled. Ty- phoid fever is in camp, and precautions must be taken to prevent its spread. A word to the wise is sufficient. W. H. Howell, auditor for The Colorado Supply Company, was in town last week. Messrs. J. A. Kebler, J. T. Kebler, J. C. Osgood and A. C. Cass were in camp last week. F. R. Ward went to Canon City for a few days, where he was initiated into the mys- teries of the B. P. O. E. Misses Carrie Slapp and Nellie Amos are attending high school in Trinidad. GRAPHO. 416 CAMP AND PLANT. STARKVILLE. Mrs. Charles Wray and daughter Delia of San Bernadino, California, were visiting J. F. Wray and family last week. Mrs. Newbury of West Plains, Missouri, was visiting her daughter, Mrs. J. Tilley. Two cases of the traveling library arrived last week, and our people are again well supplied with books. John Childs, Jr., is organizing a new band, and will practice in the kindergarten build- ing. Bert Mattison, boiler inspector for the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, was here on official business last week. The Starkville baseball club can now claim the championship of Southern Colo- rado, having won two out of three games played with Gray Creek, their nearest com- petitors. The best game of the series was played Sunday, October 12, the score being 4 to 3 in favor of Starkville. (What has Rouse to say? — Ed.) G. H. SOPRIS. A party of young people from the Sopris Hotel made the ascent of Fisher's peak Sunday of last week. Mrs. Charles W. Housman of Cedar Rap- ids, Iowa, is visiting Mr. and Mrs. L. Q. Pea- body. William Esgate and family, residents for two years in camp, left Wednesday of last week for their former home in Missouri. Mrs. Bessie Peden stopped over a week with Mrs. Charles Mcllvain on her way home from Pueblo to Blossburg. These golden, glowing days make one feel like asking: "Oh, what is so rare as a day in October?" Probably a pessimist would answer: "A lottery ticket that wins." D. P. TABASCO. Quite a number from our town attended the dance given at the new Corwin school house last Saturday evening, October 18, and, together with the very pleasant com- pany which came from Trinidad and Hast- ings on a special train, enjoyed a very pleas- ant time. All the members of the "four hun- dred" of our town were in attendance, led by the Honorable W. H. Smith, and all re- port an excellent time. H. J. Wilson, assistant superintendent of the Sociological Department, was a vis- itor. He returned to Pueblo Sunday after- noon. Roy Kirkpatrick, accompanied by his wife, was a Trinidad visitor Sunday. Mr. and Mrs. Lawler of Trinidad are vis- itors in our town this week. Mr. Mason of the Trinidad Advertiser was a visitor last week. James McGrath, our Colorado Supply Company manager, was a Pueblo visitor last week. • Mark Danford and Charles Andrews of Hastings attended the dance here last Sat- urday afternoon. O. F. A. WALSEN. The Walsen school, which opened Septem- ber 8, has *at present an attendance of eighty, with a prospect of soon becoming one hundred. All grades except the eighth are represented. Quite an interest in the school is manifested by the patrons. An efficient school board, consisting of T. L. Kenney, president; C. S. Buckland, secre- tary, and A. S. Harron, treasurer, have cheerfully provided all necessary apparatus and repairs. They are endeavoring to do everything possible for the welfare of teach- ers and pupils. Dr. Matthews has given his first regular lecture as scheduled. Subject: "The Bones." The lecture was not only instructive, but was delivered in a way that made it very entertaining to both the students and teach- ers. A night school was organized last week. A goodly attendance is promised. Although Professor Miller has been with us so short a time he has made many friends among pupils and parents. He is ably assisted by Miss Emma Quillan. Baseball season being about over, our young people, as well as the older ones, are spending their leisure time hunting. Plenty of game and a good time in general is the verdict. On Saturday of last week we were fa- vored by a call from The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company officials. Among the number were J. C. Osgood and J. A. Kebler. Volume II SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 1902 Number 18 WHat a. Blast Furnace Is and How It Works A. Popular A.rticle for tHe Scientifically Uneducated on tHe Parts of a Furnace and HoMr Pig Iron Is Made. HE following article on the construc- tion and operations of blast furnaces was written especially for Camp and Plant by Mr. Harry A Deuel, of the Engineering Department of the Min- nequa Works. It \Mas afterguards carefully revised, and approved in all details by Mr R. H. Lee, superin- tendent of the Blast Furnace Department, and may be accepted as an accurate statement of how pig iron is made. The editor wishes to take this opportunity to thank these gentlemen for their painstaking and careful work. Arrangements have been madefor other articles in "popular," though accurate, form, descriptive of other departments of the coal, coke, iron and steel industry. Boiler House. Engine House. Furnace Stack. Stoves. Blast i urnace " B." Blast Furnace "A," Minnequa Steel Works, Pueblo. This view well illustrates the different external parts of "A" Furnace of which, except for minor modifica- tions, "D," "E" and "F" are duplicate*. Each of these furnaces is 20 feet x 95 feet, is fitted with automatic skip hoists and with the very b st and most modern equipment. This vi^w was taken, however, before the ore. coke and limestone bins, from which the skip is now automatically loaded, were installed. There are four stoves to each furnace. 21 feet in diameter by 1()6 feet high. Each of the tall draft stacks is 12 feet 6 inches in diameter in the clear, by 210 feet high. 418 CAMP AND PLANT. n HE man who is not educated in tech- nical matters, and who makes a tour of inspection of the Minnequa Worlis of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company car- ries away a lasting impression of the mag- nitude of the blast furnaces, and the com- plicated and to him incomprehensible nature of their operations. The object of this paper is, accordingly, to try and make clear the various appliances of a blast furnace and their method of operation. We have excluded technicalities and minor details so that the "layman" may be able to comprehend the workings of one of the "miniature volcanoes," as the daily papers sometimes call them. Foundations. Being designed for pei'manency, a blast furnace has to have a solid foundation, and for this purpose the ground is excavated in this region to a depth of about fifteen feet, where what is practically bed rock is found. The foundation is built of stone, concrete and brick, a cement mortar being used throughout, so that, when finally hardened, the whole has the consistency of solid rock. The retaining walls that support the cast house and the runways for the molten iron and slag are run up about fifteen feet above the general yard level, and the interior is filled with sand. Sand is used for the rea- son that it is readily shaped for runways, and any iron which may form along the sides can easily be removed, which is neces- sary after every "'cast," that is, every time the hot metal is withdrawn from the fur- nace. Parts of the Blast Furnace Proper. The furnace proper may be divided into four sections: 1, The "Hearth or Cruci- ble;" 2. the "Bosh;" 3, the Stack," and, 4, the "Top" or "Head Frame and Bells." The Hearth. The hearth, which is directly above the foundations, is about 8 feet high and 21 feet in diameter, and is lined with 414 feet of fire brick on each side, making the well 12 feet in diameter. This is where all the molten iron is collected and the refuse slag is drawn off. The construction is so ar- ranged that the hearth is constantly cooled by running water. At the same time every precaution is taken that there may be no possibility of the iron and water getting together. This rarely happens, but when it does is attended by some loss of life and great damage to property, due to the water being flashed into steam, generating a force as great, if not greater, than that of explod- ing dynamite. The bottom of the hearth consists of tile made of the best fire clay, and in a special form. This is several feet in thickness. The bottom extends up in the "Hearth Jacket" a foot or so. The "Hearth Jacket," which is constructed of boiler plate about li/. inches thick, completely surrounds the hearth. Tnis jacket has holes cut in it on different radii to admit of tapping the slag and iron. The holes are called notches; thus the lower one is called the "Iron Notch," and the upper one is called the "Cinder Notch." The iron notch is at the bottom and is arranged to draw off all the molten iron in the furnace. The cinder notch is three to four feet higher and taps the slag. The hearth has a concentric area out- side of the jacket that is always filled with running water. On the inside of the jacket, pipes extend down seven feet in the brick v/ork, and are capped at the ends. These pipes are connected with others of smaller diameter — open at the ends and nearly the same length — that act as feed pipes. The water, entering through the small pipes, passes up through the large pipe and over- flows into the concentric space mentioned; this in turn flows over a dam and thence to the sump. This arrangement keeps the hearth from burning out, which it would otherwise do in a short time. The Bosh. The "Bosh" runs from the hearth up to a height of about 25 feet, or as far as the "mantle," which rests on top of the columns, and, is attached to and supports the "shell'' or "stack" so that the bosh and stack are independent of each other.-f The bosh is built of the best quality of fire brick, liberally interspersed with cool- ing plates. The cooling plates are made of bronze and arranged so water circulating passes through prescribed channels. Beginning at the hearth there is one row of cooling plates, and directly above come the "tuyeres," ten in number, arranged about the same center, but with different radii. These are the openings where the air blast is introduced into the furnace. They are well protected from the intense CAMP AND PLANT. 4J9 ?^^^^V§^#^^'^ ^^^#^% ^^.^^^^ ^^^V^s^v^^< Vertical Cross-Section of Bosh of Blast Furnace. 1. Cooling Plate. 2. Iron Notch. 3. Bustle Pipe. 420 CAMP AND PLANT. Bins ii ^f^ jj % Oas Alain Hot Blast Mam. Stoi^esJii Chimnev^ blowing Encjines.- f-'-^^' "^^^g^^^ ^^f^-y ^ r T t •-'- Flan 0/ Fvtrnace A. CAMP AND PLANT. 421 heat by circular cooling cones, one fitting against another, and the last or smaller one entering the furnace six inches or so, which is the tuyere proper. Above the tuyeres come alternate courses of cooling plates and brick work. The brick are encircled by iron bands that bind the brick and support the enormous load exerted by the stock or charge. These ex- tend as .far as the mantle, and above the mantle are two rows, so constructed that they can remain till the furnace is "re- lined," which in some cases may not be for several years. The Stack or Shell. The stack or shell begins at the mantle and extends upward to the top. This is made of riveted boiler plate. Inside the stack a lining is built of flrst-class fire brick for about two-thirds of the distance up, and the remaining third of second-class fire brick. Common brick is used for the "backing" between the fire brick and the shell. The lining extends to the hopper at the top of the furnace. The Top or Head Frame and Bells. The top of the furnace is where the ore, coke and limestone are introduced. On account of a deadly gas, carbon monoxide, which is always present, but in different proportions, it is aimed to make the furnace gas-proof. Another object in having the top of the furnace tight is so that the gases may be utilized as will be explained later. The Hopper and Bells. The hopper, or large receptacle, cylindri- cal in form, receives all substances that are charged into the furnace. The bottom of the hopper is closed by a cone-shaped casting called a bell, from its form. This is the small bell, for directly below is a larger one. The bells are operated by steam cylinders and levers, perfectly in- dependent of each other. How the Bells Work. The method of operation is for the small bell to be dropped, when the charge moves down around the large bell. The small bell is then closed and the large bell dropped, when the charge falls into the furnace. This mechanism is all operated from the ground and is supported by a structural steel frame called the head frame, which also supports the bridge on which run the cars carrying the charge. This bridge is called the skip bridge, the cars being called skips. Each car has a separate track, one directly over the other, the lower end of the bridge ter- minating in a pit — enabling the cars to pass below the ground level and be loaded con- veniently. The cars are operated by an electric hoist, so arranged that one car acts as a counterbalance to the other. The engineer who runs the hoist also operates the bells. By means of an indicator he can tell in ex- actly what position the bells are and con- sequently the charge or stock. The charge is carried to the skip cars by means of an electric scale car, which runs along parallel to the bins. Everything that goes into the furnace being weighed, the product bears a definite relation to the charge. The Down-Comer and Gas Washer. Directly below the top of the furnace are two openings that connect with a "Y" shaped pipe callled the "Down-Comer." This pipe runs to the dust catcher, a tank-shaped affair, where the dust in the gas is partly removed. The down-comer is connected with the gas washers, one for the boiler plant and one for the "stoves,'' where the gas is washed and purified. From the gas washer one gas main leads to the boilers, where the gas is burned and used to generate steam for the blowing en- gines. The other connects with a gas main that leads to the "stoves." The Stoves. The stoves are the four large cylindrical, dome-capped, steel structures shown in the view on page 417. The stoves are complete- ly filled with fire brick with cubical spaces between to allow free passage of the gases and air. This is called "checkered work" and is so arranged that for the gas to pass through the stoves it is necessary for it to travel to the top and then down again, the two passages being entirely separate except at the top. The passages connect with valves at both ends, so the passage of the gas can be con- trolled. The valve on one side is called the Chimney Valve, and the valve on the other side is called the Hot Blast Valve. One stove will serve to show the operation of the four. The gas passes from the gas washer to a burner that can be thrust into the stove 422 CAMP AND PLANT. Charg/ng Cars. Skip Bridge. Sea k Car.. up Pit. %^.^^(^^pji^ii^^tpp^f^f^^Wi^w;w-- Hoisting fnqine. Section of Bleut Furnace A. V«rtieal Section of Bosh of Blast Furnace. CAMP AND PLANT. 423 or withdrawn. The gas having been ignit- ed and the flame directed into the stove, it passes up to the top and then down and out througli the chimney valve, when it con- tinues through a flue that connects with the big chimney whicli furnishes draft for the stoves. After this burning gas has been passing through the stove for two or three hours, the brick in the stove becomes highly heat- ed. The gas is then shut off and the stove made air tight. The chimney valve is then dropped and a connection established with the cold blast main. The hot blast valve is then opened and a passage made for the air to carry on the combustion in the fur- nace. The passage of the air is as follows: The blowing engines shown in the illustration on page 424 are located conveniently and are connected directly with the cold blast .' main by a pipe running from the main to the top cylinders, called air tubs. These tubs have a reciprocating piston, actuated by a steam piston directly below, and haves mechanically actuated valves. A pressure' is produced of fifteen to twenty-five •pounds to the square. inch, depending on the tetolti- tions, etc. The air is driven into -the cold •' blast main,' whence it is carrted to the stoves. In its passage through the stoves it becomes heated to nearly the tempera- ture of the heated fire brick.-- It Ihenr 'passes > through the hot blast main to the bustle pipe (which pipe completely surrounds ' the furnace), froih the bustle pipe. through the.-' tuyeres and into the furnace. • . " ' ' '- ,• Tfieair on entei'ing the furnace has ia't'^m- ',' peratute arouhd' 1000° Fahrenheit, whicli «Cv .temperature is produced entirely by the util- -•-• izfeitibn of" the waste gases from" the furnace, as deSctibed above. As the entering air must be raised to the temperature of the incan- descent coke inside the furnace, it is ob- vrously of advantage to raise it as nearly to this temperature as possible by the use of the waste gases, and thus save part of the fuel which would be required to do this. The chemical action, also, of hot and cold air is different, and without going into tech- nicalties, the effect of using highly heated air is to concentrate the heat around the tuyeres, and in the lower part of the bosh, where it is most needed. Everything about a furnace except the cold blast main is lined with fire brick to keep it from being "cut out" by the hot gases. Blowing Engines. The blowing engines are supplied with steam by the boiler plant, which in turn is supplied with heat from the burning furnace gas, so that practically the furnace not only makes pig iron, but supplies its own motive power. Thus every bit of energy possible is saved. The furnaces at our Steel Works are also so constructed that the slag is also utilized in lining the large reservoirs in which the water is collected.' In" fact, to furnish the fiery monster drinking water is one of the serious problems of running a blast furnace on the plains. One furnace requires in twenty-four hours over eight million gallons of water. When we consider that the city of Pueblo uses on the average less than twenty million gallons arid that the -capatCity "ofAhe pumps of both . water " systerns is only " forty-three million ^galloiis ia day, we realize how much water ia used 'in 'one blast' furhdce. Where water is so -scarce,'* it* would nofdo to waste any, so w"^ .'have^- cbdling VracRs,i' or cddTing ..sumps, •tHat'^ai*e nike'ldng^ aW ' wide " flights of stairs.' The-water is iiitroduged, by*gfa\>ity, ill- a'Hrmigh '^at -tile nop. - ItUheri -falls 'over the tack "ahd cbllects into tlie sum'ijlbi^ basin, .wiffere .'it is puhipM .■|(*':th«.'^taiHj- pipe 'and used over again-and 'again.' All'iih'e water tftat gets away is-liboiit 10 per cent. Operation of th'e^Furnaee.- The operation of the furnace is substan- tially as follows:' After the ore, flux and coke are unloaded- 'in -the ^bins assigned to each, the scale car, passing along the bins and operated by electricity, takes alternate charges of each and in definite proportions, determined by the ore to be smelted, and charges the load into the skip car, which is waiting in the skip pit to receive it. When the skip car is loaded, it is hauled up to the furnace top by the electric hoist, and dis- charged into the hopper, when the bells are /^ 424 CAMP AND PLANT. dropped and the charge admitted to the fur- nace. In blast furnace "A" the average charge is made up as follows: Colie unit, 10,800 pounds, average ore burden, 16,000 to 20,000 pounds; lime burden, 5,000 to 6,000 pounds. The average analysis of ores used by The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company is as fol- lows: Orient. Union Hill. Suniise. Iron 48.41 56.73 55.12 Phosphorus 026 .016 .045 Silica 9.78 5.22 8.98 Manganese 2.00 .98 Sulphur 038 .54 .048 Alumina 87 1.67 3.61 Lime 3.84 .50 1.86 Magnesia 1.64 7.63 .79 Moisture i 2.06 2.44 3.70 Average of Cinder Analysis. Furnace Furnace Furnace "A" "B" "C" Silica 37.60 36.40 37.54 Alumina 12.74 12.74 12.69 Lime 42.57 40.00 39.18 Magnesia 3.93 6.63 5.76 The stock in the furnace is in va- rious states of combustion from the top down to the hearth. At the top the charge will not be ignited, but as it gradually de- scends in the furnace combustion takes place. When at the tuyeres it will have its Blowing Engines for Blast Furnace "A." These eoRines, except for the fact that they have open frames while those for the other furnaces are of the "tree trunk" or bell frame typo, are identical with those of the other three new furnaces. They are of the vertical cross-compound, condensing, (luarter crank, steeple type. The steam cylinders are 41 and 90 inches in diameter, with 60-inch stroke; the two air cylinders are 90 inches in diameter with 60-inch stroke. I he total weight of each engine is about 1,000,0 lO pounds. Each pair of furnaces is provided with five engines, one of which is used as a spare. It is noteworthy that the low-pressure cylinder, 90 inches or 1% feet in diameter, in- side measurement, is quite large enough for a boy on a pony to ride through with plenty of room overhead. The horse power of each is 2,000, CAMP AND PLANT. 425 maximum temperature, due to the fast rate of combustion at this point. Finally the charge becoming liquid, the iron being the heaviest constituent, will gravitate to the bottom and the slag, consisting of the flux gauge in the ore and any other ' foreign substance, will float on top, like cork on water. This characteristic enables the slag and iron to be easily separated. The slag is drawn ofl' at the cinder notch quite often. The iron is tapped six times every twenty- four hours. When the iron notch is tapped there is a considerable thickpess of Are clay and gan- ister to drill through before the iron will start. When the iron is once tapped it rap- idly enlarges the hole and runs out like a fire dragcn, sputtering and sparkling. It is caught in ladle cars, each of about fifteen tons capacity. When the iron is all out, the iron notch is cemented with clay and gan- ister by the use of a "mud gun," which has a reciprocating piston operated by steam and a plunger that forces the mud into the notch, where it soon bakes. The ladle cars are hauled around to the pig casting machine, where the iron is cast into molds. In a short time it will be poured into a large vessel called a "mixer,"' where it will be kept liquid till wanted. The new mills, when in operation, will be so systematized that from the time when the crude ore goes into the furnace till the finished metal comes out in steel rails, angle bars, etc., it will never be at less than a white heat, the operation being continuous. It is apparent that this is a time-saving arrangement as well as a money saver. Everything about our plant is designed as strong as consistent with the duty to be per- formed, so there will be the least possible liability of breakdowns, that interfere with the continuity of the great plant. Output is what is desired and to this end large shops and an electric power station, a pump- ing station, a railroad system and the mul- titude of accessories that it takes to keep up improvements and running repairs, are maintained. Everything Is of the latest and most approved design, and it is safe to say no steel plant in the world will be better equipped than the Minnequa Works when everything now under way and planned for is finished. Argelo, Joe, of Tabasco, who was admitted to the hospital October 12 on account of lacerations of his right foot, had three toes amputated and is now doing well. Arnijio, B., of El Moro, who was admitted to the hospital August 2 with a contused right ankle, is some better. Baptiste, John, of Coalcreek, who was ad- mitted October 16 on account of a contused eye, is doing very well. Barteck, Steve, of Starkville, who was admitted to the hospital September 8 on ac- count of typhoid fever, will soon go home. Beloti, Joe, of Brookside, who came to the hospital September 13 suffering with typhoid fever, is doing well, is up and around, and will go home- soon. Bible, John, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 22 on ac- count of a severe laceration of his left hand, is doing well. Calangie, Parle, of Segundo, who camo to the hospital September 6 with a fractured left shoulder blade, is improving. Chappetti, Pete, of Madrid, New Mexipo (Los Cerrillos Mines), who was admitted to the hospital July 2 with a hepatic abscess (abscess of the liver), and who was operat- ed upon July 5, went home October 27. Conti, Dana, of Coalbasin, who was ad- mitted to the hospital March 21 with two broken legs, had an operation to wire his right leg, and had erysipelas, but is getting better, and will be up again soon. Degarro, Charles, of Tabasco, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 25 on ac- count of typhoid fever, went home last week. Del mar, Frank, of Starkville, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 10 on ac- count of typhoid fever, had a relapse, but is again better and is walking about. Dyson, Thomas, of Sopris, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 17 on ac- count of a dislocation of the spine, is doing surprisingly well considering the very severe nature of his injuries. Fabritzio, Stephen, of Brookside, who was admitted to the hospital October 24 on ac- count of typhoid fever, is quite ill. 426 CAMP AND PLANT. Garagliano, Louis, of Berwind, who came to the hospital September 15, and who was operated upon for tubercular glands on the right side of his neck, is better and is now up and around. Guiseppi, Antonio, of Primero, who was admitted to the hospital October 26 suffer- ing with typhoid fever, is doing nicely. Hegedus, Josepli, of Primero, who came to the hospital March 29 for treatment of a compound dislocation of his ankle, is im- proved and is walking about the yard. Hillary, Howard, of Segundo, who was admitted to the hospital October 16, on ac- count of typhoid fever, is doing fairly well. Hunter, Harry, of Brooksido, who was sent to the hospital in Puebln September 13 suffering from typhoid fever, is better than when last reported, and is sitting up. Innes, C. S., of Segundo, who was admit- ted to the hospital September 27 on account of a compound fractured leg, is doing very well and is now on crutches. Jollymore, Archie, of Piimero, was admit- ted to the hospital October 26 suffering from typhoid fever. Kinney, Fred, of Tercio, who was admit- ted to the hospital October 11 on account of typhoid pneumonia, is very critically ill. Klingholz, W. H., a member of the survey- ing party at work on the reservoir near I.eadville, who was admitted to the hospital October 10 on account of bronchitis, is im- proving, is now walking about, and will go home soon. Krai, Frank, of Primero, who was admitted to the hospital October 7 on account of paralysis of both arms, is slightly better, as he is now able to move part of his left arm. He is about the same as when last reported. Lanke, Jacob, of Rouse, who was sent to the hospital October 22 for treatment of an un-united fracture of the lower jaw, is do- ing well. Lavas, Peter, of Rockvale, who came to the hospital August 21 on account of a frac- tured left leg. is walking around now. Lepper, William H., of Trinidad, an em- ploye of the Mountain Telegraph Company, who was admitted to the hospital October 17 on account of appendicitis, is convalesc- ing. McDougal, J., of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 21 on account of a fracture of the left collar bone and a contusion of the spine, is doing well. McGann, James, of Tercio, who came to the hospital September 13 for amputation of the second, third and fourth fingers of his right hand, is nearly ready to go home. Maga, Frank, of Brookside, was admitted to the hospital October 24, suffering from typhoid fever. Mankalo, Mike, of Berwind, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a double fracture of the right thigh, is doing well. Meek, Archibald, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital September 26 with typhoid fever, is considerably better, and is up now. Morganstein, Tony, of Coal Creek, was ad- mitted to the hospital October 15. It will be remembered that Morganstein was se- verely injured in November, 1900, sustain- ing a fracture of the skull. He is now being treated for trouble resulting from this in- jury, but returned home October 24. Muschetti, Rocco, of Coal Creek, who came to the hospital September 17 on ac- count of a fracture of the great toe of his right foot, is almost ready to go home. Mooney, Charles, of Tercio, who came to the hospital September 25 on account of chronic gastritis, is very m.uch better. Pagnolta, Forte, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital June 25 on account of a contused head, is walking around and doing well. Piseta, Cherilo, of Starkville, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 14 on account of typhoid fever, is sitting up. Randle, C. P., of Redstone, who was ad- mitted to the hospital August 4 on account of a lacerated and contused leg, injuries which were sustained by him by being caught under a moving train, was operated for skin grafting October 4, and is now do- ing well. He will be about on crutches soon. Reballa, Joseph, of Rockvale, who was admitted to the hospital September 19 on account of an abscess on the right side of the lower jaw, and w^o was operated upon September 29 and again October 26, is do- ing well. Reeves, Edward H., of Sunlight, who was sent to the hospital October 21 on account of a sprained left knee, left the hospital October 27, and is visiting friends. Reese, David H., of Rockvale, who was ad- CAMP AND PLANT. 427 mitted to the hospital October 9 on account of appendicitis, was operated upon Octo- ber 11, and is doing nicely. Rozak, Martin, of Rockvale, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 16 on account of typhoid fever, is much better. Salvin, Frank, of Primero, who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 3 on ac- count of a fractured right leg, is doing weil and is now up. Shavez, Max, of Orient, who was admitted to the hospital October 22 on account of a double compound fracture of both legs and thighs sustained by falling under a train and having five cars run over him, had his right leg amputated October 25. He is do- ing fairly well. Verchell, John, of Segundo, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 22 on account of typhoid fever, is doing fairly well. Vitch, Frank, of Segundo, who was sent to the hospital October 22 suffering from ty- phoid fever, is doing reasonably well. Wilson, J. J., of Rockvale, who early in this season played with the Colorado Fuel and Iron team in Pueblo, and who was ad- mitted to the hospital September 13 on ac- count of a fractured leg, is doing well. He is now walking around. Zambrano, Frank, of Tabasco, who was admitted to the hospital July 26 on account of typhoid fever, had a relapse and was very critically ill for some time, went home last week. Zenoii, Victor, of Brookside, who was ad- mitted to the hospital October 2 with ty- phoid fever, is now able to walk around a little each day. Told All Their Friends. Good evidence of the power of communi- cation among our speechless friends is given in the following very human story told by a writer in the Boston Herald: The fact that dogs have a way of com- municating news to one another was dem- onstrated to me in a very singular and amus- ing fashion about four years ago. It was in south Georgia, where as yet little provision is made for the comfort of domestic animals. One of these bitter nights, such as a cold wave often brings, I heard at our front door the unmistakable sounds of scratching and whining, and found upon opening two of my little neighborhood friends, a pug and a little terrier, asking admission. In the face of the cruel cold it was granted them, and they were made welcome to share the comfortable quarters of my own two dogs. In the morning they took their de- parture; but how great was my astonish- ment to see them return the following cold evening, this time accompanied by a large Irish setter, who likewise wagged admission to the warm quarters of which he seemed to have knowledge. If there were any doubts as to whether these hospitable night lodgings were dis- cussed among the shelterless dogs of the neighborhood, the doubts were removed on the third night, when my three tramps re- turned, their number still further increased by another pug and an old pointer. The mute but eloquent language of their wag- ging tails, the humble appeal in their sin- cere eyes, were at once amusing and pa- thetic. With my own two pets and these five tramps I had now seven dogs stretched out comfortably before my dining-room grate; but their irreproachable behavior and their many ingratiating ways had insured for them a welcome at our house as long as the cold wave lasted, which was nearly a week. As soon as the cold subsided they returned no more. New Kind of Armor Plate. A new armor plate, said to be inpenetra- ble, has been recently tested by the United States naval experts at the proving grounds at Bethlehem. This plate is obtained by carbon being driven directly into the sur- face of the hot plate by a powerful current of electricity. The face is hardened so as to i-esist perforation or cracking, and it can be hardened to any desired depth. It is also claimed for this new type of plate that with the same resisting power it is one-third lighter than the ordinary plate. It seems that the gun has been overtaken once again in the race for supremacy, until another dis- covery changes the program. In the science of war there is nothing stationary, adds The Age of Steel, and in the art of man-killing the man in search of a diploma and a fee never dies. Pertinent. Muggsy — Me aunt died yesterday, Swipsey — Wot wuz de score? — Ohio State Journal. 428 CAMP AND PLANT. TKe Cn^lisK CatHedral and tHe Byzantine Basilica. |OHN RUSKIN, in his book, " The Stones of Venice/' gives the following remarkable comparative descriptions of the typical English Cathedral and the Basilica, or Church, of Saint Mark, in Venice. As an example of vivid and deeply emotional descriptive writing this has scarcely been surpassed in all literature. To those also who have made use of the circulating art collection of the Sociological Department, this description, the views of York Minster (which may be taken as a typical English Catheclral) and of the Church of Saint Mark, and the concluding notes, may prove of interest : in heaven; and so higher and higher up to the gi'eat mouldering wall of nigged sculp- ture and confused arcades, shattered, and gray, and grisly with heads of dragons and mocking fiends, worn by the rain and swirl- ing winds into yet unseemlier shape, and colored on their stony scales by the deep russet-orange lichen, melancholy gold; and so, higher still, to the bleak towers, so far above that the eye loses itself among the bosses of their traceries, though they are rude and strong, and only sees, like a drift of eddying black points, now closing, now scattering, and now settling suddenly into invisible places among the bosses and flow- ers, the crowd of restless birds that fill the whole square with that strange clangor of theirs, so harsh and yet so soothing, like the cries of birds on a solitary coast be- tween the cliffs and sea. Think for a little while of that scene, and the meaning of all its small formalisms, mixed with its serene sublimity. Estimate ND now I wish that the reader, be- fore I bring him into St. Mark's Place, would imagine himself for a little time in a quiet English cathe- dral town, and walk with me to the west front of its cathedral. Let us go together up the more retired street, at the end of which we can see the pinnacles of one of the towers, and then through the low, gray gateway with its battlemented top and small latticed window in the center, into the inner private-looking road or close, where nothing goes in but the carts of the tradesmen who supply the bishop and the chapter, and where there are little shaven grassplots, fenced in by neat rails, before old-fashioned groups of somewhat diminu- tive and exceedingly trim houses, with lit- tle oriel and bay windows jutting out here and there and deep wooden cornices and eaves painted cream color and white, and small porches to their doors in the shape of cockle-shells, or little, crooked, thick, in describable wooden gables warped a little its secluded, continuous, drowsy felicities, on one side; and so forward till we come to and its evidence of the sense and steady larger houses, also old fashioned, but of performance of such kind of duties as can red brick, and with gardens behind them, l^e regulated by the cathedral clock; and and fruit walls, which show here and there, weigh the influence of those dark towers among the nectarines, the vestiges of an on all who have passed through the lonely old cloister arch or shaft; and looking in square at their feet for centuries, and on front on the cathedral square itself, laid out in rigid divisions of smooth grass and gravel walk, yet not uncheerful, especially on the sunny side, where the canons' chil- dren are walking with their nuisery maids. And- so, taking care not to tread on the all who have seen them rising far away over the wooded plain, or catching on their square masses the last lays of the sunset, when the city at their feet was indicated only by the mist at the bend of the river. And then let us quickly recollect that we are grass, we will go along the straight walk in Venice, and land at the extremity of the to the west front, and there stand for a Calle Lunga San Moise, which may be con- time, looking up at its deep-pointed porches and the dark places between their pillars where there were statues once, and where the fragments, here and there, of a stately figure are still left, which has in it the likeness of a king, perhaps indeed a king sidered as there answering to the secluded street that led us to our English cathedral gateway. We find ouselves in a paved alley, some seven feet wide where it is widest, full of people, and resonant with cries of itinerant on earth, perhaps a saintly king long ago salesmen— a shriek in their beginning, and CAMP AND PLANT. 429 West Front of York Minster, a Typical English Cathedral. 430 CAMP AND PLANT. dying away into a kind of brazen ringing, all the worse for its confinement between the high houses of the passage along which we have to make our way. Overhead, an in- extricable confusion of rugged shutters, and iron balconies, and chimney flues, pushed out on brackets to save room, and arched windows with projecting sills of Istrlan stone, and gleams of green leaves here and there, where a fig-tree branch escapes over a lower wall from some inner cortile, lead- ing the eye up to the narrow stream of blue sky high over all. On each side, a row of shops, as densely set as may be, occupy- ing, in fact, intervals between the square stone shafts, about eight feet high, which carry the first floors; intervals of which one is narrow and serves as a door; the other is, in the more respectable shops, wainscoted to the height of the counter and glazed above, but in those of the poorer tradesmen left open to .the ground, and the wares laid on benches and tables in the open air, the light in all cases entering at the front only, and fading away in a few feet from the threshold into a gloom which the eye from without cannot penetrate, but which is generally broken by a ray or two from a feeble lamp at the back of the shop, suspended before a print of the Virgin. * * * (And so, passing on, we) presently emerge on the bridge and Campo San Moise, whence to the entrance inta St. Mark's Place, called the Bocca di Piazza (mouth of the square). * * * We will push on fast into the shad- ow of the pillars at the end of the "Bocca di Piazza,", and then we forget all else; lor between those pillars there opens a great light, and in the midst of it, as we advance slowly, the vast tower of St. Mark seems to lift itself visibly forth from the level field of chequered stones; and, on each side, the countless arches prolong themselves into ranged symmetry, as if the rugged and irregular houses that pressed together above us in the dark alley had been struck back into sudden obedience and lovely order, and all their rude case- ments and broken walls had been trans- formed into arches charged with goodly sculpture, and fluted shafts of delicate stone. And well may they fall back, for beyond those troops of ordered arches there rises a vision out of the earth, and all the great square seems to have opened from it in a kind of awe, that we may see it far away; a multitude of pillars and white domes, clustered into a long low pyramid of colored light; a treasure-heap it seems, partly of gold, and partly of opal and moth- er-of-pearl, hollowed beneath into flve great vaulted poiches, ceiled with fair mo- saic, and beset with sculpture of alabaster, clear as amber and delicate as ivory, — sculp- ture fantastic and involved, of palm-leaves and lilies, and grapes and pomegranates, and birds clinging and fluttering among the branches, all twined together into an end- less network of buds and plumes; and, in the midst of it, the solemn forms of angels, sceptered, and robed to the feet, and lean- ing to each other across the gates, their figures indistinct among the gleaming of the golden ground through the leaves be- side them, interrupted and dim, like the morning light as it faded back among the branches of Eden, when first its gates were angel-guarded long ago. And round the walls of the porches there are set pillars of variegated stones, jasper and porphyry', and deep green serpentine spotted with flakes of snow, and marbles, that half re- fuse and half yield to the sunshine, Cleo- patra-like, their bluest veins to kiss," — the shadow, as it steals back from them, re- vealing line after line of azure undulation, as a receding tide leaves the waved sand; their capitals rich with interwoven tracery, rooted knots of herbage, and drifting leaves of acanthus and vine, and mystical signs, all beginning and ending in the Cross; and above them, in the broad archivolts, a con- tinuous chain of language and of life — angels, and the signs of heaven, and the la- bors of men, each in its appointed season upon the earth; and above these, another range of glittering pinnacles, mixed with white arches edged with scarlet flowers, — a confusion of delight, amidst which the breasts of the Greek horses are seen blaz- ing in their breadth of golden strength, and the St. Mark's lion, lifted on a blue field covered with stars, until at last, as if In ecstacy, the crests of the arches break into a marble foam, and toss themselves far into the blue sky in flashes and wreaths of sculp- tured spray, as if the breakers on the Lido shore had been frost-bound before they fell, and the sea-nymphs had inlaid them with coral and amethyst. Between that grim cathedral of England CAMP AND PLANT. 43) f T i mm i r..ii. ^..^yi.^ i 15^ uni iM!i ^ -i Grand Square and Basilica of Saint Mark in Venice. The Campanile or Bell Tower on the Right Felif July 14, 1902. 432 CAMP AND PLANT. The Facade of Saint Mark's, Venice. CAMP AND PLANT. 433 and this, what an interval! There is a type of it in the very birds that haunt them; for, instead of the restless crowd, hoarse- voiced and sable-winged, drifting on the bleak upper air, the St. Mark's porches are full of doves, that nestle among the marble foliage, and mingle the soft iridescence of their living plumes, changing at every mo- tion, with the tints, hardly less lovely, that have stood unchanged for seven hundred years. York Minster, a view of the west front of which is reproduced on page 429, is in the City of York, which is the capital of York- shire, England, and the seat of an arch- bishopric. This is one of the chief English ' cathedrals of Norman foundation, but en- tirely rebuilt in subsequent medieval peri- ods. The dimensions, according to the Century Cyclopedia of Names, are 525 by no feet, length of transepts, 222 feet; height of vaulting, 100 feet; height of west- ern towers (shown in our view), 201 feet. The transepts are fine, particularly the south transept, built in the first half of the 13th Century. The square towers of the much-paneled west front are of the 15th Century, as is the massive central tower; the perpendicular choir and Lady Chapel are of the 14th Century. The interior is highly impressive from its size and height. The elaborate vaulting is of wood. A mas- sive sculptured rood-screen separates the nave from the choir. The perpendicular window which fills almost the whole east end measures 78 by 33 feet, being surpassed only by that at Gloucester. This cathedral possesses more old stained glass windows (of the 14jth and 15th centuries) than any other in England. The Basilica, or churcii of Saint Mark, in Venice, views of which are reproduced on pages 432 and 433, was founded, according to the Century Cyclopedia of Names, in 830 to receive the relics of the evangelist brought from Alexandria. It was rebuilt in 976, and was given its definitive form in 1052. It is the most famous example of Byzantine architecture in Western Europe. It is cruciform in plan, with five great domes or perpentives, and many smaller domes in subordinate positions. The outer aisle or atrium was added later. With its five deep, many columned arches, repeated and fantastically canopied above, its rich mosaics, and the wonderful color of its incrusted marbles, it gives, with the domes and many pinnacles, to the exterior its picturesque and unique character. The four celebrated bronze horses in front of the upper middle arch came from Constan- tinople, and probably adorned originally a Roman triumphal arch. The interior, though it measures only 205 by 164 feet, is one of the most impressive in the world. Al- most the whole surface of walls, domes and arches is covered with magnificent mosaics, representing, on a gold ground, scenes de- scribed in the Old and New Testaments. Most of the capitals of the columns are of the finest Byzantine, though some are clas- sical; and the rood-screen, surmounted by its long row of statues, is at once beautiful and valuable. Externally and internally, and despite regrettable restorations, St. Mark's is the most superb piece of architec- tural coloring in the world. Sign Painters and Proofreaders. "I have wondered many times," says a writer in the New York Press, "why some clever compositors or proofreaders do not find lucrative employment with sign paint- ers. I venture the assertion that not one commercial sign in a hundred is correctly punctuated. Firms have made large for- tunes in sign painting, and some of their work of recent date is artistic to an extra- ordinary degree. It is nearly up to the stand- ard of the genre painter and the impression- ist, and more than one of the men we see decorating billboards with tobacco, whisky, milk and patent medicine announcements is a reduced artist of the studio and easel. But artists know nothing of punctuation. A student of De Vinne ought to be able to command a handsome salary for teaching our millionaire sign-painting firms the cor- rect use of periods, commas and apostrophes. Unfortunately, our merchants and others who need signs are as ignorant of 'points' as the men who paint them." Her System. He — Mrs. Wise seems to understand how to manage her husband pretty well. She — Yes. She lets him have her own way in everything. 434 CAMP AND PLANT. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY published by the sociological d3paetment op The Coloeado Fuel and Ieon Company AND devoted to NEWS FROM THE MINES AND MILLS LAWRENCE LEWIS, . Editoe OFFICES : Denvee . Boston Building, Room 720 PcEBLO .... Minnequa Hospital Entered at the PostoiHce at Denver, Colo., as second- class mail matter. Sobsceiption Peice . $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either OHice. News matter should bo sent to the Pueblo Office. Satdeday, November 1, 1902 NOTICE. Subscribers who wish to have Camp and Plant sent to a new address should give their old address, as well as the new. The editor will not guarantee that the change will be made unless both addresses and the subscriber's name in full are given. r L jsf^ NEIVS ITEMS u^ mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm mmmmy /AWPRKS PUEBLO. Mrs. T-. U. Gugenheim and daughter have returned from Denver after a visit of a few days. N. L. O'Neil, the advance guard for the Ail-American and All-National Leagues' baseball teams, was a visitor at the main office last week. Mr. O'Neil was negotiat- ing for the use of our baseball grounds for the game, which was played here last Tues- day. It is rumored that Cyrus William Rice will soon start a boxing class in Bessemer. Foreman Ed Woods is back at work again after a week's absence. Mr. Woods' two little children have been very seriously ill with diphtheria, and for a time there was grave danger they would not recover. Both are now improving. The report published by the Denver pa- pers that Frank Shaw had signed with Waterbury, Connecticut, is incorrect. Shaw is the best twirler the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company has had in some time, and is growing better every year he pitches. His ability will no doubt some day land him in a big league should he care to fol- low ball playing, but at present the chances are he will again be in the box for us all next season. Harvey Evans and Frank Galusha have taken positions with Anderson and Moore. John Stockton, timekeeper for the stables, is now in possession of a full grown mus- tache, which adds another charm to his manly face. Harry Cambridge, bricklayer, has changed his mind, and will not go to South Amer- ica. When fully investigated, the offer made to the bricklayers was seen to be not as tempting as it at first appeared. .John Mr amor, who was injured in the head some time ago, is back at work. A slight operation was performed, and he is now as well as ever. William J. Jones, the young son of the converter timekeeper, was a visitor at the office on the 23d. W. H. Howell, the traveling auditor of The Colorado Supply Company, was at the retail store here for a few days last week auditing the books. Mr. Howell is very well satisfied with everything, and very much delighted with the appearance of the store. Joe Novark has returned to work. He was absent because of injuries. William Martin was appointed October 1 general foreman of blast furnaces opposite John C. Percy. A very great surprise was given the men in the main office building last week when Algernon Sidney Dodge came to work minus that flowing mustache he has been wearing the last ten years. It makes him look con- siderably younger and several of the latest additions to the office force failed to recog- nize the "Dolly" of yore. Still another surprise in the mustache line is being given us by A. S. Bleim. He is now engaged in a very serious attempt to CAMP AND PLANT. 435 grow one and we are glad to report that he is already doing very well. Tony Chilberto, who was injured by a piece of steel flying into his eye, is fully recovered and again at work. J. W. White has accepted a position in the carbon room of the laboratory at the converter. A. H. Young is taking J. T. Marshall's place as recorder at the blooming mill dur- ing the latter's absence. J. T. Marshall has been taken ill and will probably be away some time. Joe Mahoney, one of our late additions to the order of benedicts, is home again. He is looking very well and of course very happy. Most of the honeymoon was spent in Joliet, Illinois, the old home of Mr. Ma- honey. A brother of Charles Longnipper was on his way here to pay the latter a visit when the late accident happened at the open hearth. Mr. Longnipper arrived to find one brother dead and the other with two legs broken. His was a decidedly sad arrival, and everything has been done by friends to make his grief as tolerable as possible. A horse belonging to one of the contract- ing companies working around the plant went through the small trestle over the Bessemer ditch near the viaduct on the 22d, and so injured itself that a policeman had to shoot the animal. A. W. Kennedy is now working at the warehouse. C. T. Mullen has resigned his position at the bolt mill and for the time being has be- come a gentleman of leisure. William O'Brien has recovered from his illness and is at work once more. Henry E. G. Randall has accepted a posi- tion under F. A. G. Hammill, the foreman of the floating gang brick contractors. Frank Stevens has returned from Cleve- land, where he spent a very pleasant three weeks. W. H. Ingersoll, formerly a machinist helper at the rail mill, is again employed at the latter place. S. Z. Schenck has returned from his hunt- ing trip in the mountains. John King, who broke his arm at the con- verter a few weeks ago, is doing very well. Phelps Hurford will soon publish a story of his hunting trip in the mountains of Colo- rado that will make Roosevelt's cougar sto- ries sound tame. L. V. Selleck was a visitor at the ware- house last week. Phil Hahn is in receipt of a very large bundle of neckties from some fair damsel in the East. Under the direction of Fred W. Richards all records for getting out the distribution and cost sheets of a month were broken this October. Everything for September in this department was completed by the night of the 3d, something never done before. Heretofore this work has usually consumed from seven to ten days, and the rapidity with which the thing was finished this month has surprised everyone cognizant of the difficulties attendant upon such a feat. J. A. Writer, auditor for The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, and Steven Little, expert accountant, were at the plant on the 22d inst. Harry Conn, a straightener at the rail mill, is the happy father of a very pretty lit- tle girl, who came last week. Robinsonville is at last in its new loca- tion, and once more ready for business. Un- der the able management of D. E. Chese- brough the moving was accomplished with- out any serious accidents. The Minnequa Lumber Company has al- ready built up such a business that their building is now too small, and a much larger one is now in course of erection. It will probably be finished in about a month. Robert Parks, at No. 1 drop, injured his finger last week and has been away from work for several days. During his absence A. C. Wickular is helping out at the drop. The old slag dump is being slowly re- moved and very soon will have disappeared entirely. A high board fence has been run east from the old county road around the large piles of stored coke in the east yard. The county road has been closed, and a new one is being built around the new fence. This will no doubt prove to be for the ad- vantage of everyone, as there were quite a few accidents at the point where the old road crossed the railroad tracks. Drop No. 2 is now running two shifts of twelve hours each.- The work at the drops is dangerous and very hard, so that at-' tempting to carry it out at night is quite an innovation. The wo-k has, however, been going along very nicely all this month and I. B. Stamm, who is in charge, expects to make October a record month. C. E. Spencer, timekeeper for The Colo- 436 CAMP AND PLANT. rado and Wyoming Railway at this plant, was sick in bed for a few days last week. Albert Galyean came as near to suffering a fatal accident on the 24th as one well can and survive. He is a water tender at the B and W boilers of the rail mill, and while tinkering with a monkey wrench he shoved one live electric wire over against another. Neither wire was insulated at the point of contact. When Mr. Galyean recovered con- sciousness he was stdne blind and very ill. His sight later returned and he was able to walk home. He is now entirely recov- ered. Joe Sides, for some time a blacksmith here, has resigned his place and opened up a business of his own down on the Mesa. Samuel Painter, bricklayer, has quit work at this plant and is now at the Philadelphia Smelter. J. B. McKennan has gone away for a few days' rest in the mountains. Tom Stone, who was in charge of the mechanical part of the power house, has resigned his position and gone to Old Mex- ico. Basil Quillam was a visitor at the office on the 24th. He broke his arm a few weeks ago at the machine shop; the arm is now doing very well. Russel Glover, in the chemical depart- ment of the blast furnaces, has returned from a two months' trip East. He visited Boston, New York, Baltimore and Atlanta, and had a very pleasant trip. Anderson and Moore have given notice of a slight raise in coal prices. Alex Marks and Felix Murphy went to Denver last Saturday to see the all-star teams play ball there. The rail mill ran on angle bars two full days last week, filling orders from the Union Pacific Railway Company. John Farco's foot has entirely recovered and he is again at work in John Freise's gang. Frank Sackman. an employe at the new converter, was injured in one of his eyes on the 24th by a particle of steel. The injury is very serious, the eye is badly lacerated and there is very much danger that he will lose it. Bude Markobuch fell through one of the trestles this week and broke his left leg above the ankle. He is now resting easily at the hospital, but will probably be in bed for many weeks. The American Bridge Company paid its men on the 25th. John Grossman, a fofmer employe at the converter, has accepted a position in a busi- ness house on Northern Avenue. The following notice, which was received at the Minnequa Works last week, caused much satisfaction among the office employes, among whom the gentlemen affected are well and favorably known: THE COLORADO FUEL AND IRON COMPANY. President's Office. October 21, 1902. Mr. R. M. Waite is hereby appointed as- sistant to President, and Mr. L. B. Rogers Chief Clerk President's Office, both with of- fices at Denver. J. A. KEBLER, President. On the 21st inst. the rail mill made a record run and brought the total output for a day up to 428 tons 1,723 pounds, which amount now stands as the highest ever made at this mill. A very mysterious shooting affair took place on the night of the 20th by the stand pipe in Minnequa Addition, the new section of Bessemer. W. H. Bailey, a foreman, and J. W. Wilson, a watchman, met there by arrangement, each one attended by three friends, T. W. Persons, W. W. Gooch, J. H. Hose, G. M. Robertson, T. J. Kenney and John Downey, all of them employes at this plant. The only undisputed facts in the case are that the men met there at an ap- pointed time and that Wilson was shot and killed. Bailey gave himself up and claims to have fired in self-defense. The six wit- nesses of the shooting ^were arrested a few days later by Sheriff Beaman, charged with murder, and all seven are now in the county jail. Whether, as has been claimed by va- rious parties, Bailey and Wilson met out in the suburbs to settle amicably or by a fist fight some dispute which had arisen be- tween them, or whether, as is also stated to be true, they went there intending to shoot to kill, no one who can be relied upon to know has so far been frank enough to tell. Viewed in any light the entire affair reminds one very much of the days of long ago, and in this age it is at best the trick of boys or fools which was that night in- CAMP AND PLANT. 437 dulged in by eight men of supposed sanity. It is nevertheless regrettable that it has all ended so seriously for the unfortunate man who was killed, and that it probably will end in the same way for those who still live. The feeling at the plant has run rather high. With one exception most of the men are the objects of sympathy, and there seems to be little or no doubt that John Downey and perhaps T. J. Kenney went there innocently, and with the best of in- tentions for preventing anything that might prove at all unlawful or serious. The ex- cellent reputation of these two men will probably stand them in good stead. The other men with one exception are not so well known, although they may have been equally innocent and equally as anxious to preserve the law and public order. George Kirschman from Centerville, Iowa, has accepted a position in the boiler shops. Robert Griffith is building a very hand- some new residence at the corner of Abri- endo and Indiana Avenues. Miss Martha Enkhart was suddenly taken ill on the 21st, but is now doing very well. Simon Raven, the young son of Harry Raven, is now entirely recovered and out again. Fred Roof, cashier of the Minnequa Bank of Pueblo, went to Trinidad for a short stay last week. George W. Bowen, president of the Min- nequa Town Company, is back from a trip to Denver. W. H. Nettleton, machinist, has resigned his position here and gone back to Derby. Connecticut. John L. Dyer, who until recently was en- gaged in the undertaking business at Crip- ple Creek, has removed to Bessemer and is now an engineer here. J. C. Beasley, an employe of Riter and Conley, was joined last week by his wife, who came on from St. Louis to be with her husband. All the day laborers at the plant are now quitting work at half-past five and will con- tinue to do so throughout the cold months. Only a half-hour is taken for lunch, instead of an hour as in the summer. Mike Roach has again taken the position of a heater at the twenty-inch mill. He is still holding his farm, however, and his wife and children will continue to live down there. A. L. Drake, a resident of Beulah, and an old employe at the converter, was in Bes- semer on a visit last week,, visiting his old friends and once fellow-employes. W. T. H. Baker, M. D., superintendent of the Minnequa Hospital, left Tuesday even- ing, October 21, for Illinois. He is expected back next week. W. H. Billington, of The Colorado Supply Company, has gone into the mountains for a few days' rest. Charles Ross is the guest of his brother, Oliver M. Rcss, who is employed by the American Bridge Company at this plant. Mrs. Reyman, wife of W. F. Reyman, has gone on an extensive trip through the south- ern part of Colorado. Mr. and Mrs. Simon Hopper of Chappell, Nebraska, who have been the guests of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Raven for some time past, have returned to their home. George Herrington, manager of the Min- nequa Town Company, took a short trip to Redstone last week. Richard V. Utter, night weighmaster at the pig scales, was in Denver on the 20th. "D" furnace is now practically complete, and the process of drying it out has been going on for several days. J. S. Blair, foreman of a night floating gang, has gone to the Huerfano valley for a week's fishing trip. The employes of the American Bridge Company here are getting up a football team. Guy Walker will be captain. Still more men will be moved down here in November from the Denver offices. All of the voucher clerks, six in number, will come on the 15th, and the rest of the iron department books and the straight iron men, making a dozen clerks altogether. This means that practically all the clerks con- nected with the plant will be here on the ground. Three new floating gangs have lately been added to the yard force. E. Ransome, L. P. Nicholson and E. Porter are the re- spective foremen. R. A. BERWIND. The new Berwind-Tabasco public school building was formally opened Saturday evening, October 18. School had been in session since early in September, but of courge a public building like this is never 438 CAMP AND PLANT. really "opened" until it has been the scene of an entertainment or social event of some kind. And from the very first the school board and the people of Berwind and Ta- basco weie determined that the opening should be accomplished in the regular, way, and should be successful at any cost. The Trinidad orchestra was engaged to fui-- nish music, airangements were made with The Colorado and Southern Railway to run a special train from Trinidad, via Hastings, and handbills were circulated far and wide talk, expressing Dr. Corwin's regret for the unavoidable delays on his Eastern trip, which prevented his being present. Mr. Wilson congratulated the people of both Ta- basco and Berwind on their fine new build- ing, named in honor of Dr. Corwin. The remainder of the evening was spent in en- joying music and dancing, and a very happy evening it was. The hours flew swiftly and not until mid- night had passed and the small hours had come did we think of "sleep, gentle sleep." Dwelling of Thirty Italians and 500 Goats at Berwind, Coio., in September, 1699. This view was taken before the work of th« present management, in replacing by modern dwellings the squalid houses put up by the men, was commenced. announcing the event. Everything that could be done to insure success and a de- lightful lime was done. The early part of the. evening, before the "special" arrived, with our out-of-town guests, was spent in "visiting'' and social chat. When the guests were all comfortably seat- ed in the large hall. Superintendent Jen- nings took the chair and introduced H. J. Wilson, Assistant Superintendent of the So- ciological Department, who made a brief Then the orchestra broke into the strains of that sweet old tune, "Home, Sweet Home," and the guests departed, wishing all good things for the people of Berwind and Tabasco, admiring their school and proph- esying many more such delightful occa- sions. We were disappointed because Dr. Corwin could not be present and give an ad- dress, but we hope to have him with us on a later occasion. The building is identical in its general CAMP AND PLANT. 439 plan with the other new school buildings put up during the summer just passed, or now in process of construction. The large hall on the second floor affords ample space for dancing or other entertainments. As many as fifty couples were dancing Saturday even- ing, yet the floor was not ciowded. The same system of lighting, ventilation and arrangement of rooms is employed here as in the other schools recently described in the columns of Camp and Plant. To enter further into details is therefore quite un- necessary. BROOKSIDE. Our camp received its monthly cleaning up last week. Samuel Ryder returned home on last Thursday f'^om a two weeks' duck hunt in the San Luis valley. He brought back a goodly quantity of game. Mr. Ryder ac- companied a party of which the Misses Ball of Canon City were members, and it is reported that the ladies had fine luck. Frank Maya and Stephano Fabrizio were A Glimpse of Part of Redstone. This shows the sort of hf)nses the company is putting up in the new camp'? and mountain villages and in many of the older ones taken to the hospital last week suffering from typhoid feve- . Henrico Richuti is also suffering with ty- phoid fever. Mrs. Julian De Dcnito was confined to her bed during the rast week. The Whist Club met with Mrs. Elizabeth Gregory on last Saturday evening. Miss Etta Jones was confined to the house with tonsilitis for a number of days last week. Mrs. Emanuel I.uchini is also suffering with tonsilitis. Felix Polyono is about again after several days of sore throat. The mine was shut down for twenty work- ing hours during the past week on account of the scarcity of cars. P. & S. COAL CREEK. Miss Mabel Cairns of Florence has been visiting at the home of John Chapman. Henry Soots has been nursing a very sore hand the past week, caused by an accident at an oil well near Williamsburg. Born, to Mr. and Mrs. Lewis Smith, a son. Mother and child are doing well. Mrs. Anthony and Mrs. Harry Snyder were at Canon City visiting friends. Died, at Coal Creek, Colorado, Sunday morning, October 19, 1902, Bernice, the youngest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Richard Jones. The funeral, held Tuesday from the family residence, was conducted by the Rev. John of Rockvale. The Odd Fellows have had their hall papered and everything fixed in the most modern style. Adolph Donath, Grand Master of the Odd Fellows, made the lodge at this place an official visit Wednesday evening. D. G. Davis made a business trip to Canon City Wednesday.- Fred B. Putnam of Canon City, who has been acting as supply at the Colorado Sup- ply Company's store, has returned to his home. Rev. Frazier was called to Colorado Springs to conduct the funeral services of an old friend. From that place he went to Pueblo and attended the annual meeting of the churches of the Congregational order. One of the happy events that was looked to with pleasure, not only by the participat- ing parties, but by a large number of friends as well, was the marriage of John Young and Miss Dottle Richards. Miss Richards is the oldest daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Will- iam Richards, and is well liked by her many friends on account of her quiet and unas- suming disposition. Joseph Ball and John P. Thomas were in town a few days the first of the week. J. R. King has returned from the hospital 440 CAMP AND PLANT. at Pueblo much improved in health, and has resumed his position as night watchman at the mine. Thomas Jones returned from the hospital at Pueblo to attend the funeral of his sister. He is still obliged to go on crutches as the result of a broken thigh. Married, in Canon City, Saturday morn- ing, October 25, John Lippis and Miss Dura- lice Rosetti, both of Coal Creek. Mrs. E. M. Eddy and Miss Mary Clark of Silver Cliff are visiting at the home of Dr. A. A. Eddy. The Rebekahs and friends of Miss Fletcher, sister of Mrs. Munger, gave her a pleasant surprise Saturday evening. She has been spending the summer here and expects to return to her home in Michigan in a few days. The evening was spent in playing games and in pleasant conversation. Light refreshments were served, and the surprisers returned to their homes. The many friends of Idwal Davis gafe him a pleasant surprise Thursday evening. Mr. Fitzpatrick of Pueblo has taken a po- sition with the Supply Company as meat cutter. Nathaniel Glover returned from Rugby Friday. He was working in the mine at that place. The choir of the Congregational church expect to give a concert on Wednesday evening, November 24. H. A. B. EL MORO. Mr. and Mrs. Kirschner and daughter Belle expect to leave shortly for Oregon, to visit a married daughter in Portland. Their house will.be occupied by the washer boss, Mr. Spencer, and farriily. FIERRO, NEW MEXICO. A. A. Kellam, wife and little boy have ar- rived to make their future home in Fierro. Mr. Kellam will take the place as engineer on the local passenger train, which position was recently left vacant by the death of Mr. Rose. W. H. Newcomb of Silver City was a re- cent visitor to our camp. T. H. O'Brien made a flying trip to Cook's Peak this week in the interests of The Col- orado Fuel and Iron Company. A few cases of malaria, whooping cough and chicken pox are reported by the com- pany physician. Rumor has it that a Spanish class has been organized and is progressing nicely. F. C. Provot, a mining engineer of Bis- bee, Arizona, spent a few days in camp, looking over the Phelps, Dodge and Com- pany properties. George Kingdon, an old resident of Fi- erro, but now of Picacho, Mexico, spent a few days last week in camp visiting friends. Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Cosgrove of Silver City, and Miss Frazer of Nova Scotia, niece of Mrs. Cosgrove, were Sunday visitors of Superintendent and Mrs. O'Brien. Miss Edith Casey, teacher in the Silver City public schools, was a visitor among her many friends in Fierro on Saturday and Sunday. F. T. Bulmer, from the auditor's office of the Phelps, Dodge Company in New York City, spent a few days in camp last week. Hon. Bernard S. Rodey of Albuquerque was a visitor to our camp on Monday of last week, in the interests of politics. C. P. Cramer made a flying trip to Silver City at 4 A. M. on Monday. We presume it was pressing business. C. F. B. GIBSON, NEW MEXICO. Work on the new tipple for the Gallup mine is progressing rapidly. The new en- gine for the mine has arrived, and Mr. Bliss of the Sullivan Company came Friday of last week prepared to place it at an early date. The Weaver mine has worked every day this week, and all are pleased over present indications for a busy winter. A large number of our young friends at- tended the dance given at the school house Saturday evening, and all who were there report a pleasant time. Thomas Bates, representative of A. E. Anderson and Company, the large tailoring establishment in Chicago, spent a few days here the past week. While here he took measures and orders for about forty suits. A large, healthy son was born to Mrs. "Ike'' Southers last Sunday. Mr. and Mrs. Southers have the congratulations of their many Gibson friends. Ed Rodey, one of Daniel Southerland's carpenter crew constructing the tipple, will be moved over to our hospital today. J. J. P. YOLUIE II SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 8, 1902 Number 19 — ^he Works at Pueblo. j^ j^ j^ j^ j^ j^ j^ What The Iron Age Has to Say About the Qreat Minnequa Steel Works of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company. jS/ j^ £/ j& — The following article, prepared by E. G. Rust, Works at Pueblo, now a consulting engineer for the burg, was printed in a recent issue of The Iron Age, is thought that a description of the Colorado steel plant will be of especial interest to the- public, due to its peculiarly isolated position, its great dis- tance from the other large iron and steel producing cen- ters, and the magnitude of the new con- struction work and improvements which are now being carried on at that point, and which, when completed, will make it one of the largest steel plants in the country. The Minnequa (formerly called the Bes- semer Steel Works) are located at the southern extremity of the city of Pueblo and have direct connections with the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe, the Denver and Rio Grande, Colorado and Southern and Colo- rado and Wyoming railroads. Pueblo is a city of about 40,000 people, and is located in the southern part of the State of Colo- rado, on the Arkansas River, an average distance of about 75 miles from the com- pany's coal mines and coke ovens, and an average distance of about 350 miles from the company's iron mines, which are locat- ed at Sunrise, Wyoming; Orient, Colorado, and Fierro, New Mexico. Limestone is taken from the company's quarries about five miles from the works. Extensive improvements to the Minnequa plant had been under consideration for some time, but it was not until about the begin- formerly General Superintendent of the Minnequa Company with offices in the Frick Building, Pitts- ning of the year 1900 that work was begun on designs, and a little later the work of constructing a new blast furnace (Furnace "A") was begun. Previous to this time, however, during the fall of 1899, work had been started on entirely new shops, the completion of which has given this plant one of the most extensive shop systems of any steel works in the country, consisting cf machine shop, boiler shop, smith shop, roll shop and pattern and carpenter shops, while at the present time the construction of a large new foundry is well under way. The above work was well on toward com- pletion when other veiy extensive new ad- ditions were decided upon, consisting of the following: New blast furnaces, Bessemer steel works, addition and improvements to the original rail department (making when completed practically a new rail mill throughout), open hearth department, mer- chant mill and rod mill plants, consisting of a 40-inch reversing blooming mill, 24-inch bar mills, 12- and 14-inch merchant mills, twin hoop or cotton tie mills, double rod mills, tin plate and sheet mills, wire mill, plate mill, electric power plant, pumping plant and complete new water supply sys- tem, new yards and track system. The new buildings are entirely of steel construction and generally lined with brick. Blast Furnace Plant. The original blast furnace plant consisted 442 THE WORKS AT PUEBLO. of two 17x75 feet furnaces, built about 1881. These two furnaces are still in operation. One of them will eventually be dismantled, while the other will be remodeled and en- larged and furnished with considerable new equipment, including a skip hoist. The new additions to the furnace plant at the pres- ent time 'actually under way, and to a large extent completed, consist of three furnaces, 20x95 feet, which are fitted with automatic skip hoists and with the very best and most modern equipment. Stock Handling. A very elaborate or extensive stock hand- ling system was not deemed an immediate necessity because the haul from the mines to the furnaces is short, because a constant and regular supply is received each day, and because the winters in that section are open. Consequently the pushing of this part of the work has been sacrificed in order to concentrate effort on the construction of the essential parts of the plant. The pres- ent plan, however, is to use a system of bridges with grab buckets, somewhat sim- ilar to those in common use, which will handle the stock direct from the yards into two long lines of bins, one line of which is now under construction. Bin System. The present bin system consists of a single row of bins extending the entire length of the furnace plant. The bottoms of the ore and stone bins slops about 45 degrees, and the bottoms of the coke bins slope about 40 degrees to the horizontal. The bins are a massive steel structure 1,760 feet long, the sides and bot- tom being of heavy steel plate. The bins are connected with the storage yard south of the plant by means of a system of bridges crossing the Colorado and Southern and Denver and Rio Grande railroads, to a distributing yard, which is on a fill at a level with the top of the bins. The track over the bins is placed on a 1 per cent, grade, in order to facilitate the setting of cars by gravity, and to eliminate as much as possible switching with locomotives. The ore from the bins is handled to the skips by means of electric scale cars. The bins for each furnace consist of a series of coke bins on one side and a series of ore and stone bins on the other side divided by a number of cross partitions. The necessity for an elaborate stock handling system is also partly eliminated, due to the fact that comparatively few kinds of ore are used. The Rust Automatic Hoist. An automatic charging apparatus which possesses several new and desirable fea- tures is used for conveying stock to the top of the furnaces. The skip cars pass one over the other near the center of the bridge truss, discharging their contents at the top in such a way as to give a proper distribution of the lumps and fine material throughout the stock hopper at the top, so that the large lumps of ore, instead of being deposited on one side of the hopper opposite the bridge, are practically uniformly dis- tributed around the stock hopper near the center. This bridge occupies small space Itaerally, and is a very stiff structure for a given weight of material used in its construction, due to the fact that the greatest depth is at the cen- ter of the bridge where the maximum bending moment occurs. It will be noted that both skip cars come to rest in the pit below at exactly the same point. The hoist is of 10 tons capacity, the contents of the cars being 150 cubic feet. It is operated by means of an electric hoist engine fur- nished by the Otis Elevator Company. The cars are fitted with guards, so constructed that there is no possibility of their leaving the track in case of any obstruction or un- foreseen event which would tend to throw them off the rails. Each car is connected to a double cable by means of an equalizing device, so constructed that the tension on the two cables is always equal. The construction of the furnace top, as shown by the illustrations, is provided with heavy beams and a trolley of 15-ton capacity for handling the bells and parts at the top of the furnace. This trolley is moved back and forth by a winch located on the top platform, the hoisting cable being carried to an electric winch located on the ground be- low. Foundations for this winch are in place at each furnace and are constructed with foundation plate and bolts so that the winch can be quickly and easily transferred from one furnace to the other where occa- sion requires its use. This trolley arrange- ment at the top of the furnace greatly facil- itates in the erection, and also in repairing and replacing the charging bells or parts at the furnace top. The two bells at the THE WORKS AT PUEBLO. 443 top of the furnace are worked independent- ly by steam cylinders, the valves for which are located in the hoist house below, where is also placed a gauge for showing the rela- tive positions of the bells. Furnace Stack. The furnace mantle rests on ten cast iron columns, and the bosh is fitted with ten tuyeres 6 or 7 inches in diameter. Bronze cooling plates with heavy steel bands sup- port the bosh. The steel hearth jacket, which thoroughly binds the well of the fur- nace, is cooled by means of a system of pipes placed just inside of the jacket in the brick work. The two downcomer connec- tions meet about midway of the downcomer, forming one central flue, which terminates at the top of the large dust catcher, 24 feet in diameter. To the dust catcher are con- nected two vertical gas washers, to one of which is connected the gas main leading to the boilers, while to the other is connected the gas main leading to the stoves. These gas washers are so constructed that they can be run either wet or dry. The gas wash- ers and dust catchers are so elevated that an ordinary gondola car can be placed be- neath the outlet bell at the bottom and the dust or slush discharged direct into the cars. The gas flues to the stoves and boilers are provided with numerous down legs and pockets, which serve to catch the dust be- fore reaching the boilers or stoves. The cast house is covered by a 20-ton electric traveling crane for handling the troughs, scrap, clay sand, etc. The metal is cast into ladles and handled direct to the converting mill or casting machines. The hot-metal cars are of the ordinary type, without tilting gear, and are handled direct to the hot-metal reservoirs by means of a 50-ton overhead traveling crane. The cinder cars are of the Weimer make, of about 200 cubic feet capacity each. Hot Blast Stoves. There are four stoves to each furnace, of the Cowper type, 21 feet in diameter by 106 feet high, supplied with the necessary clean- ing and air doors, the gas being admitted to the combustion chamber by means of im- proved Spearman hot blast valves. The fur- naces are connected up in pairs, having a single draft stack connected to the stoves for each two furnaces, while the boilers are provided with independent stacks. The draft stack is 12 feet 6 inches in diameter in the clear by 210 feet high. The fire bricks used in the stoves and throughout the plant generally are furnished by the Standard Fire Brick Company of Pueblo, Colorado. Boilers and Engines. ' Furnace "A" is equipped with 3,600 horse- power Babcock and Wilcox water tube boil- ers. In addition to this there are 16,000 horse-power Cahall vertical boilers installed to furnish steam for Furnaces "B," "D" and "E" and the new Bessemer department, all of which are arranged to burn furnace gas. The blowing engines were built by the William Tod Company of Youngstown, Ohio. These engines are of the vertical cross com- pound, condensing, quarter crank, steeple type. The steam cylinders are equipped with Corliss valves, while the air cylinders are provided with positive acting inlet and dis- charge valves. The engines for Furnace "A" have open frames, while those for the other furnaces are of the "tree trunk" or bell frame type. The steam cylinders are 44 and 90 inches in diameter, 60-inch stroke; the two air cylinders are 90 inches in diam eter, 60-inch stroke. The total weight of each engine is about 1,000,000 pounds. Each pair of furnaces is provided with five en- gines, one of which is used as a spare. The condensers will be of the counter current type, equipped with cooling towers for cool- ing the circulating water. The engine houses are covered by 40-ton electric traveling cranes. Bessemer Steel Department. The Bessemer steel department is of large capacity, equipped with two 300-ton hot metal storage reservoirs, which are served by two 50-ton electric traveling cranes. These cranes also serve to handle the hot metal ladles to the Aiken pig casting ma- chines, located in the same building as the storage reservoirs. There are two large 15- ton vessels, three 10-foot iron cupolas and two 7-foot Spiegel cupolas. The stripping is done by two Aiken duplex hydraulic strip- pers. The Bessemer blowing engine is a duplicate throughout of the blast furnace blowing engines, except that it has 80x60 inch air tubes, instead of 90x60 inch. This engine is located in the northern end of the engine house for blast furnace "D," and is so connected up that it may be used as a spare for the blast furnaces, or in case of it being shut down at any time the spare blast furnace engines can be used to fur- 444 THE WORKS AT PUEBLO. nish blast for the Bessemer department. The boilers are located in the same boiler house as those for Furnace "D," and are so ar- ranged that they can be fired with blast furnace waste gas or with coal. The stock hoists are operated by electricity and were furnished by the Otis Elevator Company. The blast for the cupolas is supplied by Sturtevant pressure blowers, driven by di- rect connected electric motors. New Rail Mill. With the exception of the blooming mill, where the ingots are reduced, and a portion of the mill buildings, this will be practically a new rail mill throughout. The main build- ing covering all mills is 55 feet 6 inches wide by 581 feet 4 inches in length, and is provided with crane runways throughout its full length and two 15-ton and one 25-ton electric traveling cranes, which cover all tables and mills. The building covering the engines for all mills, except the finishing train, is 45 feet 5 inches wide and 367 feet long, and is equipped with a 40-ton electric traveling crane. The house for the engine driving the finishing train is located on the opposite side of the mill building, is 27 feet 8 inches wide by 76 feet 7 inches in length, and is covered by a 25-ton hand crane. The hot bed building is 121 feet 6 inches wide by 174 feet long. The building covering the finishing department is 60 feet wide by 774 feet long. Soaking Pits. The pit heating furnaces are four in num- ber, each containing four holes, holding 4 ingots each, and are housed in a steel build- ing 89 feet 4 inches wide by 166 feet 6 inches long, equipped with two electric automatic charging and drawing cranes. The ingots when taken from the pits are deposited in an automatic tilting car, which conveys them to the blooming mill table. Producer gas is used and is supplied by 12 Duff gas pro- ducers. Blooming Mill. The ingots, 18x20 inches in size, are re- duced in 13 passes to 8x8 inches in a 36-inch mill, driven by a 40x54 inch reversing en- gine built by the William Tod Company, and are sheared by direct acting hydraulic shear, the blooms being conveyed by roller tables to the first roughing train of the rail mill. This is a three-high train with 28-inch cen- ters, and five rail and five billet passes, driven by a 34 and 62x60 inch tandem com- pound Porter Allen engine, built by the Southwark Foundry and Machine Company. These rolls are fed by two lifting tables, driven by 10x12 inch Crane engine. The second roughing and intermediate trains are side by side, 13 feet 4 inches cen- ter, and are driven by a 40 and 75x60 inch tandem compound Porter Allen engine. The second three-high roughing train has three rail and two billet passes, and is equipped on the north side with tilting table, and on the south side with tilting table and sta- tionary table, which receive the rails from cross transfer and convey them to the intermediate train; 4x4 inch billets are finished in this train and are carried by roller tables to the shear, from which they are conveyed to loader. The intermediate three-high train has five rail passes and is equipped on the north side with tilting trough working between rollers of stationary table, and on the south side with tilting table and stationary exten- sion. From the last pass of the interme- diate train the rail is run through the fin- ishing pass of the 26-inch two-high finish- ing train, which has one chilled pass only. This train is driven by a 32 and 56x48 inch horizontal vertical compound engine, built by the William Tod Company. Hot Saws. Five hot saws are installed at proper centers to cut rails, either to 30 or 60 foot lengths, or by sliding each altei^iate saw on shoes 33-foot lengths can be cut. These saws are driven by a 15x27 inch Buckeye engine, and manipulated through a 12-inch hollow shaft operated by an 8-inch diam- eter hydraulic cylinder, 500 pounds pres- sure. These saws are fed by roller tables driven by 10x12 inch reversing Crane en- gines. The cambering machine is driven by a 25 hors«-power electric motor. The hot bed is so arranged tha^ either 60, 33 or 30 foot lengths of rail cun be accommodated, and is supplied with wire rope transfer, driven by a 50 horse-power electric motor, and is operated by friction clutches. Cold Finisliing Department. The rails are distributed the whole length of the building by rollers driven by electric motors. Ten straightening presses driven by electric motors are used, and are spaced to accommodate 60-foot rails. The rails are fed to these machines by a hydraulic trans- THE WORKS AT PUEBLO. 445 fer, which places them within reach of men operating presses. Twelve pairs of drill presses are to be installed, to be spaced to suit 30 and 60 foot lengths of rails. Shoes are provided under these presses so that when 33-foot lengths are to be drilled the presses can be moved to the proper cen- ters. These drill presses are driven by in- dependent motors. Open Hearth Plant. The open hearth plant consists of a line of five stationary basic furnaces and one acid furnace (provision being made for six ad- ditional furnaces in the future), in addition to which there is a preparatory furnace. The main building is 131 feet wide and 550 feet long. The charging floor is 10 feet above the pit floor level and is equipped with two low type Wellman charging machines and two 40-ton Shaw electric traveling cranes to handle hot metal from the preparatory fur- nace. With this arrangement there is a spare crane and charging machine always ready. The furnaces are 60 feet 6 inches long by 17 feet wide, each being of 50 tons capacity, and are equipped for using pro- ducer gas. The chambers are extra large and are placed underneath the charging floor. The pit is 55 feet wide and is equipped with two 75-ton Shaw electric traveling cranes, two pouring stands, two tracks for ingot buggies and one standard gauge track. The pouring track is fitted up with two cen- ter pushers. The stripping is done by means of two Aiken duplex hydraulic strippers. The stock yard is about 72 feet wide and of the same length as the main building, and is equipped with three 5-ton electric traveling cranes, three standard gauge tracks and three narrow gauge tracks for charging cars. The three standard gauge tracks are at a lower level than the narrow gauge, so that the top of an ordinary rail- road car is on a level with the tops of the charging buggies, to facilitate the handling of scrap, ore, etc. The gas is furnished by 24 large size water seal Duff producers, the building for which is provided with cranes and mechanical coal handling arrangements. The main flue into which the producer gas is delivered is par- allel with the line of furnaces and is 10 feet high by 6 feet wide, and is easily accessible from one end for cleaning. Flues 5 feet high and 3 feet 6 inches wide, at right angles to the main flue, deliver the gas to the fur- naces. A calcining plant will also be a part of the equipment. Forty-Inch Blooming Mill. The two-high 40-inch blooming mill is driven by a Mackintosh, Hemphill & Co., 55x60 inch double reversing engine, coupled direct to the mill. The rolls are steel and are 6 feet 2 inches in length and 32% inches in diameter. The top roll is operated by a hydraulic cylinder placed on pinion hous- ings connected to rack and pinion. The table between the ingot tilter and the mid- dle tables is driven by a 50 horse-power electric motor, while the mill tables are each driven by a 12x14 inch Crane engine. The shear table, which extends from the mill table to the bar shear, is driven by a 50 horse-power electric motor. The total length of the tables from the ingot tilter to the billet shear is 280 feet. There are two shears for cutting the product of this mill, one of which is a 450-ton hydraulic shear and the other a large bar shear driven by a vertical engine. The 50-ton electric trav- eling crane for changing rolls travels the entire length of the mill building, which is 54 feet span and 300 feet long. The revers- ing engine is covered by a 60-ton electric traveling crane. Soaking Pits. The pit heating furnaces, five in number, each containing four holes, holding four in- gots each, are housed in a building 62 feet 6 inches wide by 222 feet long, with a lean- to 22 feet 7^ inches wide, running the whole length of the building. The furnace is served by two 5-ton automatic charging and drawing cranes. The ingots when taken from the pits are deposited on a buggy which is driven by an electriq motor mount- ed on a car which conveys the ingot to the mill table. A roller conveyor about 900 feet long distributes the blooms and billets to the rod and merchant mills. The storage yard for billets, blooms and slabs is 190x340 feet, and runs at right angles to the mill building. The billets are handled from the conveyor to this yard by three electric trav- eling cranes, 60-foot span. Bar Mill. The 24-inch two-high reversing bar mill is driven by a double reversing 36x48 inch engine, built by the William Tod Company. This mill consists of four stands of two- high rolls, the first of which is provided with a pair of vertical rollers on the furnace 446 THE WORKS AT PUEBLO. side of the mill, the top roller having a lift of 9 inches. This mill will be used for roll- ing flat bars to 18 inches wide and for roughing down blooms for bar or structural steel. The top roll of the second stand has a lift of 6 inches and will be used for fin- ishing wide flat bars and roughing for bar and structural steel. The third and fourth stands are of the ordinary two-high type, and will be used for finishing all sizes of bar and structural steel up to the capacity of the mill. On a line with the second stand of rolls and 150 feet from the center of the mill is located a vertical shear for cutting all bars and small billets. On a line with the fourth stand of rolls, and at the same distance from the mill, is a hot saw for cut- ting finished bars. Just beyond the shears and hot saw are three hot beds, each 30 feet wide by 100 feet long. A 50-ton electric is located 50 feet from the second train, con- tains five looping stands for finishing bars. The rolls of the first set are 12 inches in di- ameter, and in each succeeding set increased % inch in diameter, all rolls being 26 inches long. The second and third stands are three- high and the other three stands are two-high. A 36 and 66 x 48 inch tandem compound en- gine, built by the Southwark Foundry & Ma- chine Company, is coupled to the 14-inch continuous mill, the second and third sec- tions being driven from the same engine by means of a rope drive. The furnaces, two in number, are the ordinary Laughlin grav- ity, end discharge type, and are designed to handle billets up to 9 feet in length. A 20- ton electric crane commands the engine driving the mill, and a 15-ton electric crane is used for changing rolls. ■''^^ss^r sm a mk : View of Tercio from Hill at Southeast of Town. traveling crane is provided for changing rolls, and a 50-ton crane commands the re- versing engine and the roll shop, where all rods will be set up in extra housings, it be- ing intended to change housings, rolls and rest bars when changing rolls. The furnaces for this mill, of which there are two, are of the automatic gravity, end discharge type. Twelve and Fourteen Inch Merchant Mill. This mill is in three sections, the first sec- tion consisting of four continuous stands of rolls 14 inches in diameter and 30 inches long; the second section, which is 40 feet from the last stand of the continuous mill, consists of two stands of rolls, the first be- ing three-high, 14 inches in diameter, and 48 inches long, and the second being two- high, 14 inches in diameter and 30 inches long; the third section of the mill, which Twin Hoop or Cotton Tie Mill. This mill contains 24 stands or six trains of rolls, located in buildings which are prac- tically continuations of those covering the 24-inch mill and merchant steel mills. The first continuous roughing train contains six frets of rolls 14 inches in diameter and 30 inches long. The second train is a 12-inch continuous mill, and is located on a line with the roughing mill, and contains two sets of rolls 12 inches in diameter and 30 inches long. Between the 12 and 14 inch mills is a shear for cutting billets as they leave the roughing mill. The finishing is done by double 10-inch continuous mills lo- cated about 18 feet either side of the center line of the 12-inch mill. This train consists of three stands of rolls 10 inches in diameter and 26 inches long, and one set of rolls 9 THE WORKS AT PUEBLO. 447 inches in diameter and 26 inches long. The last or finishing trains of the mills contain four looping stands of rolls, the first two stands of which are three-high rolls 9 inches in diameter and 26 inches long, the re- maining two stands being two-high rolls 9 inches in diameter and 26 inches long. The mills are driven by two engines. The first one, driving the 14-inch continuous mill, is a tandem compound engine 30 and 54 x 48 inches, built by the Southwark Foundry and Machine Company, and is connected to the mill by means of bevel gears. The 12-inch continuous mill is driven by a rope drive from the same engine, and the last set of rolls in each finishing mill are driven from a shaft driving the 12-inch mill by means of a William Tom Company. The three 10-inch trains of each mill are driven by a 38 and 70 by 48-inch, and a 27 and 46 by 42-inch cross compound Porter Allen engine, built by the Southwark Foundry and Machine Company. Six automatic reels coil the rods from each mill, which are then conveyed to the wire mill. Four automatic gravity, end discharge Laughlin furnaces will heat the billets in 6-foot lengths. The three large engines will be covered by a 25-ton electric traveling crane, while each of the finishing engines will be covered by a 20-ton electric traveling crane. All rolls will be changed by means of a 10-ton electric traveling crane. Another View of Tercio rope drive. The second engine is 30 and 54 X 60 inch cross compound, built by the Allis-Chalmers Company, and drives two 10-inch continuous mills and three stands each of the 9-inch looping train by means of a belt. These mills and engines are cov- ered by an electric traveling crane. Rod Mill. This mill is a double Garrett mill practi- cally of the standard type, the only differ- ence being in the location of some of the rolls. The 16-inch continuous mill and the 14-inch train are driven by a 40 and 72 x 60 inch tandem compound engine, built by the from Hill at West of Town. The main building of the rod mill is 137 feet 6 inches wide by 534 feet long, and the furnace building is 90 feet wide by 126 feet long. Tin Plate and Sheet Mill Department. This plant consists of two separate de- partments; one for the manufacture of all grades of tin and teme plate, and the other for all grades of plain, galvanized and cor- rugated sheet iron. The space occupied by these departments, including yard and track room, is approximately 1,000 by 1,500 feet. The boiler house is so arranged as to sup- ply steam for both plants, the equipment 448 THE WORKS AT PUEBLO. consisting of 6,000 horse-power Stirling boilers. The tin mill buildings are as follows: Hot mill building, 105 by 420 feet; black pick- ing room, 70 by 100 feet; cold roll depart- ment, 112 by 640 feet; tin house, 70 by 240 feet; assorting, packing and storage room, 50 by 480 feet; house for hot mill engines, 45 by 62 feet; hose for cold mill engines, 40 by 165 feet. The tin plate department has ten hot mills, driven by a 30 and 60 by 60-inch cross compound Corliss engine, built by Mackin- tosh, Hemphill and Company, connected to the mill by means of rope drive. There are ten sheet and pair furnaces for heating the iron, ten doubling shears, six 36-inch squaring shears, two 48-inch squaring shears, and one 84-inch squaring shear. In addition to this there are two improved Mesta picklers for the black pickling. For the annealing of the plate there are five an- nealing furnaces, equipped with improved Swindell chargers. The cold roll equipment consists of 18 stands of cold rolls arranged in tandem. These mills are driven by a 30 and 54 by 48-inch cross compound Corliss engine, built by the Allis-Chalmers Company, and are rope driven. One improved pickler is used for the white pickling. The tin house equipment consists of 21 tinning sets. The hot mills are covered by a 15-ton electric traveling crane, while the cold roll and annealing department is covered by two 15-ton electric traveling cranes, and the tin house is covered by one 5-ton electric traveling crane. The buildings for the sheet mill depart- ment are as follows: Hot mill building, 110 by 420 feet; house for hot mill engine, 45 by 62 feet; pickling building, 70 by 100 feet; annealing, cold rolling, galvanizing and corrugating departments, all in one building, 75 by 900 feet, with lean-to cover- ing annealing furnaces, 30 by 275 feet; house for cold roll engines, 40 by 62 feet; producer house for sheet annealing, 35 by 142 feet; boiler house, 46 by 490 feet; pump house, 46 by 67 feet 6 inches; box factory, 50 by 250 feet. The hot mill equipment for the sheet mill department consists of eight 26-inch finish- ing mills and four 26-inch roughing mills. These mills ar« driven by a 30 and 60 by 60- inch cross compound Corliss engine, built by Mackintosh, Hemphill and Company, and are rope driven. There are eight double sheet and pair heating furnaces, four 48- inch doubling shears, two 6-inch doublers, two 126-inch squaring shears, one 154-inch squaring shear and one 184-inch shear. An improved Mesta pickler is used for pickling the plates. The cold roll equipment consists of five stands of cold rolls, 22 inches in diameter. These are driven by a 30 by 48-inch simple Corliss engine, built by the Allis Chalmers Company, and are rope driven. An improved corrugating machine capable of corrugating plate up to and including 184 inches in length, and any width desired, is also installed in this department. The bar yard for storage of raw material is covered by one 10-ton electric traveling crane with 75-foot span. All engines are covered by a 15-ton electric traveling crane. The bar yard has a capacity for storage of 20,000 tons of sheet bar. Twenty-three large size Duff gas producers are used for furnishing gas for sheet and pair and an- nealing furnaces. Wire Mill. The wire plant comprises 304 blocks, ca- pacity approximately 700 tons per 24 hours, with auxiliary plants as follows: Clean- ing house with 24 tubs, and baker ovens with a capacity of 200 trucks each, to clean material for drawing room, and which has the same capacity, with necessary paint and dipping plant for the barb wire department. The annealing department has 16 pots with a total capacity of 150 tons in 24 hours. The galvanizing department has two frames with pans and furnaces complete, and a to- tal capacity of 150 tons in 24 hours. The nail department has 280 ma- chines with an approximate total ca- pacity of 6,000 kegs in 24 hours. The barb wire department has 81 machines with an approximate total capacity of 150 tons in 24 hours. In addition to the above, the mill is equipped with repair shop — consist- ing of machine and smith shop — electric power plant, rumbling department and coop- er shop. Steam is furnished by 4,000 horse- power Stirling boilers. Engines. The wire drawing mill is drives by two 32 and 52 by 60-inch tandem compound Cor- liss engines. The nail mill is driven by one 20 and 32 by 48-inch tandem compooind Cor- THE WORKS AT PUEBLO. 449 liss engine. The barb wire department is driven by one 14 and 22 by 36-inch tandem compound Corliss engine. All of the above engines are furnished by the Allis-Chalmers Company. Electric Power Plant. The electric power plant contains the gen- erators which furnish electric current for the entire steel works and furnaces. The building is 50 feet wide by 214 feet 6 inches long, containing three 500 kw. Westinghouse direct current generators, direct connected to three cross compound horizontal Allis- Corliss engines; two 400-kw. Westinghouse alternators, direct connected to cross com- pound horizontal engines, and also one 18 and 36 by 30-inch Ingersoll-Sergeant cross compound horizontal two-stage air compres- sor, which supplies the foundry, boiler shop and the plant generally with compressed air required for pneumatic tools. The entire building is commanded by a 25-ton Shaw electric traveling crane. The steam for the power plant is supplied by an indepen- dent boiler plant, consisting of 2,000-horse- power water tube boilers. Worthington surface condensers are used, and the water is cooled by means of a Worthington fan cooling tower. Pumping Plant and Water Supply. The pumping plant occupies a steel and brick building 50 feet wide by 114 feet long and commanded by a 15-ton Shaw electric traveling crane. In the pump house are placed five cross compound horizontal pumps, built by the Snow Steam Pump Com- pany of Buffalo, New York. Two of these pumps are of 5,000,000 gallons capacity each, the other three being of 7,000,000 gallons capacity each, and are connected by duplicate connections to a stand pipe 18 feet in diameter by 150 feet high. The stand pipe in turn is connected directly by means of a 28-inch pipe line to a large res- ervoir situated on the foot hills several miles from the steel works, at an elevation of about 140 feet above the yard level. In addition to this the pumps have direct con- nection with Lake Minnequa, situated about a mile from the steel works at an elevation of about 35 feet above the yard level, so that water can be drawn from either Lake Minnequa or the reservoir. On account of the great scarcity of water in that section of the country it is necessary to have several different sources of water supply. It is also necessary to use the water over as many times as possible, and for this reason the water for bosh cooling of the furnaces and the circulating water used in connection with the conden- sers is passed over cooling racks and cooled, and in this way kept in continuous use, practically the only loss being that due to evaporation. From Onr ^ EXCHANGES The Trinidad Monitor, in its issue of Oc- tober 23, has the following to say about the Sociological Department: A GOOD THING. An Important Factor in the Upbuilding of Our Entire Country. The Sociological Department of the Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company should be, and is, among the thinking people, an important factor in the advancement of child and home. To both of these is the appeal made. First to the child, because it makes fatherhood and motherhood of our nation, the child being father of the man and of the woman, and again because of the appeal for the better things for all. There are but few interests in the ad- vancement of Colorado which should more appeal to what is best than those made by The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company in the advancement of its employes toward a betterment of the social, sanitary and other interests of all. Libraries, lectures, baths, cleanliness, in- struction in all . of advancement and care are made,and,while some may think that in- terference is made with their liberties, this must certainly be an error. There seems not to be, nor is there, any disposition to encroach on the rights nor to misdirect the liberties of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company employes, who in every way have been assisted to better their condition. A weekly paper. Camp and Plant, with locals from each camp, is published. Reading rooms, gymnasiums, and other useful re- quirements have not been passed by. Any- thing and everything contributory to the social, moral or financial advancement of those who soil the hand in toil is and will be given. The Star-Journal wants agents. See adv. 450 MINNEQUA WORKS. CAMP AND PLANT A WEEKLY published by the sociological d3paetment of The Colorado Fuel and Ieon Company and devoted to news feom the mines and mills LAWRENCE LEWIS, . . Editoe OFFICES : Denvee . . Boston Building, Room 720 Pueblo .... Minnequa Hospital Entered at the PostoflSce at Denver, Colo., as second- class mail matter. SuBSCEiPTiON Peice . $1 a Year, in Advance Single Copies, Ten Cents. Subscriptions should be mailed to the Editor at either Office. News matter should bo sent to the Pueblo Office. Satueday, Noveubbb 8, 1902 NOTICE. Subscribers who wish to have Camp and Plant sent to a new address should give their old address, as well as the new. The editor will not guarantee that the change will be made unless both addresses and the subscriber's name in full are given. c js^ NEVirs ITEMS ^ ^ RKS PUEBLO. William Kelting and Thomas Platts, ma- sons, are in the White River country on a deer hunt. It is expected that some wild tales of personal adventures will be going around the works iti a tew weeks. Last week L. P. Wilkinson and J. N. Bay- liss of the mason force had an extended ar- gument which resulted in a three-round bout and a foot race. Wilkinson held his own in the bout, but when the race was over he was numbered among the "also rans." The next day Mr. Bayliss was suffering from a severe attack of neuralgia in the face while Mr. Wilkerson is nursing a sprained wrist from over exertion in the foot race. Riter and Conley have been forced to lay off about thirty-five men for an indefinite period because of the non-delivery of the structural iron. J. C. Knowles had a birthday last week and of course a quiet little dinner went with it. Everyone who went enjoyed himself very much and the party was a huge suc- cess. Mr. Knowles made a very excellent host and dispensed the good things with becoming liberality. He has refused to di- vulge just what number this last birthday was, but his secrecy in no way interfered either with the good time had at the gather- ing cr with the various effects which fol- lowed. The enlargement on the new pig bed lor "A" furnace, which has been under con- struction for some time, is now almost com- plete. Jacob Hardin, a switchman, while trying to make a flying switch in the south yard October 27, was hit in the head by a loco- motive. It speaks well for the material in Mr. Hardin's head to say that while he was somewhat stunned, the member itself is still there and he is at work once more. Thomas Evans has been relieved of his work as foreman of the pig bed and will now superintend the work on the ladles. A head-on collision occurred between two of the Colorado and Wyoming engines in the yard on the night of October 30. Num- ber 1202 was coming from one direction on the track and 601 from the other. At the point where the collision occurred two tracks come very close to each other, and each engineer supposed the engine coming to- ward him to be on the other track. Engine oOl is not much injured but 1202 was rather severely smashed up. Of course both were going very slowly. A locomotive crane was sent out and it proceeded to clear things up, but to add to the trouble, while the crane was trying to move some of the de- bris, it gathered in one load that was a little bit too heavy, thus upsetting itself. No damage amounting to anything was suffered except by Number 1202, which is still laid up for repairs. Mr. and Mrs. George N. Spencer attended the "Belle of New York" when It was last here, and since then George's melodious voice breaks out quite frequently into some of the opera's tuneful songs. MINNEQUA WORKS. 45J Dr. H. S. Olney, pathologist at the Min- nequa Hospital, resigned his position and left for Detroit, Michigan, November 4. Dr. Olney served an interneship at the hospital, and for a time, during Dr. J. J. Pattee's ill- ness, was acting surgeon at Gibson, New Mexico. The new sump is now complete and in full working order. The bed is entirely made of cement and the superstructure of wood. Mrs. George Powell and little daughter are back from their visit in the Bast and George has recommenced his weekly trips to Colorado Springs. The daily papers are responsible for a very grave error in regard to the ping pong squad in the shipping room at the main oflace. Hart Reese denies with indignation that he forfeited the championship of the room to Craig Sydell. Mr. Reese is too skilled in the game and too old at it to for- feit his rights to anyone, and while Mr. Sy- dell is an excellent player and an admirable all around sportsman it is very doubtful whether he or any one in the room pings a better pong than Hart Reese. A match be- tween the two will probably be arranged in the near future and it is hoped that this very vexed question will then be permanent- ly settled. In preparation for this match all the electric light globes in the office have been surrounded by wire guards, the windows have been boarded up, all the fur- niture has been moved into the street and the other office employes have taken to the "tall grass." R. A. Dr. Adolph Lorenz, professor of o:tho- pedic surgery in the University of Vienna, and Dr. Fritz Miiller, assistant professor in the University of Vienna and assistant to Dr. Lorenz, accepted the invitation of Dr. R. W. Corwin, chief surgeon of the Medi- cal Department and superintendent of the Sociological Department of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, to visit Pueblo and the Minnequa Hospital. The distinguished gentlemen, who came to the United States for the purpose of operating for congenital dislocation of the hip joints on the little girl of Ogden Armour of Chicago, arrived in Pueblo from Denver, Wednesday even- ing, October 29. An informal recep- tion had been arranged for them Wednesday evening at the Physi- cians' Residence, where they spent the night. Drs. Lorenz and Miiller very gener- ously consented to perform, free of charge, before the members of the medical and sur- gical profession of Pueblo county, the oper- ation which cost Ogden Armour $20,000. Ac- cordingly the long, wide corridor leading to the operating room of the Minnequa Hos- pital was prepared for the clinic which was held shortly after 8 o'clock Thursday morning, October 30. The first operation was upon Neva Reynolds, the three-year- old daughter of J. C. Reynolds of Vineland. This child was afflicted with congenital dislocation of both hips, and although hers was pronounced by Dr. Lorenz to be an extremely bad case, the dislocation was successfully reduced. The second opera- tion was upon Blnora Zoelsmann, the three- and-one-half-year-old daughter of Otto A. Zoelsmann of 912 East Abriendo avenue, Pueblo. This operation was rather more simple, as only one hip was affected. Both childien stood the operation well and are now doing very nicely at the Minnequa Hos- pital of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany. In a later issue of Camp and Plant the operation will be described more fully in a carefully prepared article which will be illustrated by engravings made from photo- graphs of the operation and of Drs. Lorenz and Miiller. The distinguished visitors left shortly after noon on Thursday for Salt Lake City. They were accompanied as far as Salida by Dr. R. W. Corwin. G. D. Miller, the expert, who had been in charge of the steam department at the Min- nequa Works, left October 17 to accept the position of steam and hydraulic engineer for the McKeesport (Ohio) rolling mills. Will Lynfoot, a craneman, F. G. Kings- bury and Will Barron, the two latter helpers at the reheating furnaces and all three em- ployes at the converter, indulged themselves in an unfriendly row last week with the re- sult that Lynfoot was hit on the head with a wrench. He has recovered, however, not having been at all seriously injured. In order that all three might finish their quarrel at their leisure, and not feel that anyone was trying to hurry them, they were laid off for two weeks, and it is very probable they will not find it necessary to repeat the per- formance. V Rail Mill. Electric Power House. | Roll J V I Machine Shop New Hessemer. V and Boiler Shop. Fiirnuce 'E. " Bessemer Ditch. Converter and Four Furnace? are concealed by the smoke. Bolt and Nut Mill. Warehouse. View of Part of Minnequa Works, Pueblo, Septembe nith Shop. I V Blooming Mill. Rod Mill and Hoop Mill. I Drop Hammer. V ti^." «wiwp*»iiBp New Foundry. the Smaller of the Two Brick Stacks at the Wire Mill. Opeu Hearth Plaui 454 MINNEQUA WORKS. George Fogarty, machinist, went East to Chicago on the twenty-ninth of last month and will probably be gone some time. The converter office has taken on a new appearance lately and become quite proud of itself. A great deal of new furniture has been installed, and things look much im- proved out there. Booker Hall has recovered from the in- jury he received some time ago, and is once more back at work. It will be a few weeks, though, before Mr. Hall will regain his old appearance. Once more we have the pleasure of re- cording that John Jones is back at work. It is sincerely hoped that he is fully re- covered this time, and will not suffer an- other relapse. telephone, steam heat and all the modern conveniences. The frame structure four- teen by twenty, which is going up just east of the viaduct, is intended for their use and they are watching it grow with very pleasant anticipations. They will then be more on the ground than they could be in the main building, and much more ac- cessible to the men for whom they are ' keeping time. Of course the pleasant faces of D. E. Chesebrough and his chief help- mate George Spencer will be very much missed and it is expected that a trip will have to be made into the old room once in a while just to cheer up. The large room on the west side of the office building, which, until lately, was en- tirely filled with timekeepers, will now be Tunnel and'Group of iron Miners, Orient, Colorado. E. O. Cole, at the carpenter shop, has re- turned from his trip into the mountains, where he went partly on pleasure and part- ly on business. Mr. Cole has some mining interests which he has been attending to. The Red Men of Pueblo gave a. dance at the Mineral Palace October 29, under the auspices of League Number two. The dance was attended by many of the men from the Works, and Joe Kanney, who is at the Trinidad shears, officiated in the cloak rooms. The floating gang timekeepers are to be moved from the main office building out into the works. In fact, they will hereafter have an office building of their own with a occupied by the chief timekeeper and the new clerks who are to come down from Denver. Just who will come down here when the move is made has not yet been ascertained entirely. Fred W. Richards, who was here for a short time last month, will probably be back again. The clerks who are coming from the iron department are: L. R. Hubbard, T. V. Wasserman and W. M. Chatfield, the latter in charge of the equipment portion of the iron department books. F. B. Sharps, one of the Denver cost sheet clerks, paid a visit to his home last week, where he remained two days. P. R. Williams, has finally cleared from Denver, and is once more at the Minnequa works. Just how he evaded the clutches MINNEQUA WORKS. 455 of Mr. Writer is not known, but every one is glad to see him back again. Mr. Williams comes to us with an excellent reputation as a violinist, and it is hoped we shall have the pleasure of hearing him perform soon. October 29 the electric shears went on a tear and broke three knives, causing a shut-down for a day. A piece of flying steel struck James Sullivan on the forehead, but merely cut the skin, and his work was not interfered with. The shears were repaired as promptly as possible and are once more working as smoothly as could be desired. A very sad death occurred last week when Irene, the little twelve-year-old daughter of Conn Finn, died in Denver. The young child was a very delightful and sweet-tem- pe" ed girl, who was much liked by all her playmates, and whom everyone is sorry to see taken away. Mr. and Mrs. Finn were in Denver for several days, and their daughter was buried there. Both parents have the sincere sympathy of everyone at the plant. Mr. Finn is a heater at the soak- ing pits of the blooming mill department of the rail mill, and is very well known and liked by all. J. A. Writer, auditor for the Company, was here last week looking over the of- fice building. It is probably to Mr. Writer that the floating gang timekeepers are in- debted for being moved out into the plant. He seemed to have his eye on that spacious room of theirs. It seems that not only will the time- keepers of the floating gang be moved out into the palatial building now being erected for them, but until other arrangements are made they will have the additional delight of having the rail mill and converter men with them. The latter, however, will be moved up to their own place of business as soon as they can be accommodated. Ben Van Fossen and L. V. Guggenheim were in Denver for several days last week. In fact, although Mr. Guggenheim turned up safely several days ago Ben has not yet been heard from. It is authoritatively stated, however, that he is there on busi- ness, and of course every one is hoping for the best. A. B. Williams is the latest addition to the contractors under Solomon Sprague. A quartet has been organized in Bessemer lately, three members of which are now employed at the steel works. David Jones, timekeeper for the rail mill is second bass, John Freise, the floating gang foreman, is second tenor, D. S. Dean of H. A. Case's ofllce is flrst tenor and a Mr. Crews from downtown will sing the first bass. Any- one who has ever heard David Jones sing knows that he has a very good voice, and the others are said to be equally fine. It is hoped and expected, therefore, that the quartet will use its entertaining qualities towards bringing the music-loving portion of the employes into closer touch with each other, and help all of them to pass an evening pleasantly once in a while. D. E. Chesebrough, head timekeeper, has given notice that after December first all timekeepers will be expected to furnish their own lead pencils. I. D. Chamberlain, floating gang foreman, has gone East for a few weeks to visit some friends. Peter Panopoulos, in John Mitchell's gang, had his foot rather seriously injured a few days ago. A railroad spike was run almost all the way through it and he will probably be laid up for some time. Nick Kusakis was taken ill last week, and was kept from work for several days before he recovered. Joseph Macheska, employed in the float- ing gang, is soon to be married. He has refused to divulge the name of the lucky woman, but the house is now being built and the marriage is not very far off. Thomas Woods, a steel worker, has gone to the mountains for a few weeks' vacation. Stephen Marcall was seriously injured in the foot November 2 by a falling piece of structural steel. Although not permanently disabled the foot was badly crushed, and Marcall will probably be confined to his house for several weeks. Harry Raven is building a new house in Bessemer, and expects to have it for rent soon. J. A. Kebler, president of The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company ,was down here from Denver for a short visit last week. Juan Raynor is back from his trip to Butte, where he went to purchase scrap for the company. Mr. Raynor is looking very well after his trip, and he brought back with him a train of first class scrap that reaches from Butte to the plant. His 456 MINNEQUA WORKS— ANTHRACITE— BERWIND. experience in this line is quite extensive, and his purchases have been of great value to the iron department. Francisco and Adolphus Chavez, brothers employed in the floating gangs, have given up their positions and returned to their home in New Mexico. John Freise and his gang have been trans- ferred to the night shift. The main office building, lunch club house, laboratory and dispensary will here- after be heated from a plant in the rear of the Supply Company's retail store, instead of from the works as was the case hereto- fore. Nick Ravelick, in Sproat's gang, is ill, and has been away from work for several days now. , J. S. Blair, floating gang foreman, is back from the mountains, where he spent a very pleasant vacation and had a much needed rest. William Meade, a bricklayer, has given up his position and will leave the city. The trestle which is to connect the new high line with the south end of the ore bins is now being pushed rapidly to completion. The foundations are finished, and part of the steel structure has been put in place. The new bins will be finished now in a week or so, and it will not be long before trains can run up onto them from the south. John Block was slightly injured last week but he is again at work after a few days' absence. Frank Reigert has resigned his position at the store of The Colorado Supply Com- pany, and will accept a position with a downtown firm. Arthur Hembree. who was dangerously ill with typhoid fever, has almost recovered, and will be out again soon. F. S. McClure, sales agent for The Colo- rado Fuel and Iron Company, was here last week. S. I^. Kleiman has taken an office in the Minnequa Bank block. Frank Sackman is rapidly getting well. His eye was seriously injured some time ago by a piece of flying steel, but careful treatment has saved the eye, and it will soon be as well as ever. ANTHRACITE. William Holmes, one of our miners, got his foot badly crushed by a fall of rock while working in the mine Thursday morn- ing of last week. He was sent to the hos- pital, leaving here Saturday. Our superintendent, while engaged about the mine, got caught between two cars, re- ceiving a severe bruise on the leg. Al- though not serious, this will cause a few days' layoff. Miss Easterly and Miss Jennie Williamson went down to Gunnison Friday evening of last week, returning Sunday, Miss Easterly to visit her people, and Miss Williamson as her guest. Mrs. B. Mocco arrived here Friday of last week from New York and joined her hus- band, who is our blacksmith, and who in honor of the occasion had a number of his friends at his house Saturday night. A pleasant time is reported. Fine weather still prevails up here. With the exception of 'two snowstorms we have had a beautiful fall so far. J. P. One of our large buildings, in which were a school room, a reading room and a wash room, was totally destroyed by fire on Thursday night of last week. A tenement house occupied by Peter Birtello was also burned. PMre was discovered about 12:30, when the large building burst into flames. The surrounding houses were saved only by the diligent work of the miners, and by the fact that the night was calm, which made it possible to keep the flames confined to the two buildings mentioned. Mr. Kindall, ti-aveling auditor for the Colorado Supply Company, was in camp Wednesday of last week. The summer term of school ended October 30. Miss Jennie Williamson and Robert Williamson will attend school in Crested Butte this winter. Miss Bella Smith is visiting in town for a few days. M. McDermott, our store manager, and Miss Easterly, Friday night of last week, attended the ball in town, given by the Crested Butte Dancing Club. Dr. and Mrs. Rockefeller made us a short call last week. BERWIND. Mrs. William Green of Ludlow was a visitor at the kindergarten Friday of last week. B. I>. Johnson, Miss Marie Smith and Miss Elsie Albert attended the county teach- BERWIND— BROOKSIDE— COALBASIN. 457 ers' meeting at Trinidad Saturday of last week, and report a very interesting meet- ing. After seeing other school buildings they cannot now speak in too high terms of the many good features of the new Ber- wind-Tabasco school. Dr. A, L. Trout was in Pueblo Thursday of last week and witnessed the operations performed by Professor Lorenz of Vienna, Austria. Superintendent Jennings now sports a fine "Muleobile," the newest thing in camp. Norfeo Cammaratta, who sustained a fractured skull and other injuries, is now in the hospital at Pueblo, and at last re- ports was doing well. C. L. Rinker, who for the past three years has been chief clerk in the office here, has resigned his position and will seek greener pastures. Claude leaves many friends here who are sorry to see him go. Roy Richards, of the Denver office, is here for a short time, looking after clerical work. A. C. Wood, who has been here as oper- ator for a few months, has been transferred to Rockvale. BROOKSIDE. Dr. and Mrs. Williamson and son Willie of Rockvale spent Sunday, October 26, in Brookside with friends. James Coughlin, wife and two children spent Friday, October 31, with their parents, Mr. and Mrs. John Coughlin. James Williams is confined to his bed with bronchitis. Mrs. Julian De Donito has been very ill during the past week. Mrs. Felix Moschetti went to Pueblo last week and entered the Sisters' Hospital there to undergo an operation. We are pleased to hear that Joseph Rua, who is in Glenwood Springs taking the baths, is considerably improved in health. Araidio Del Ducco received a severe scalp wound and injury to his right foot on Octo- ber 28. He was taken to the hospital the following day. Mr. and Mrs. Elijah Krank have returned from a six weeks' vacation spent with rel- atives in Missouri aJid Kansas. Jim Barto is nursing a large and painful carbuncle on the back of his neck. Anna, the little daughter of Mr. and Mrs. A. A. Allay, suffered a severe fall on Octo- ber 25, resulting in the fracture of one of the bones of the left forearm. Mrs. P. Morgan entertained her grand- daughter and Miss Mabel Tinsley on Sun- day, November 2. Superintendent D. Griffiths has been con- fined to his home for a few days with pleu- risy. Willie, an infant son of Adam Stolz, is ill with typhoid fever. Joe Dobrowski of Rockvale was a caller in camp on Saturday, November 1. Hallowe'en night brought the usual num- l)er of boys' pranks, and the following morn- ing disclosed some rather ludicrous tricks played. We still have our usual number of ty- phoid fever cases in camp, and there should be no abatement in the precaution of boil- ing all the drinking water. The Sociological local library is at the doctor's office, and the librarian would be pleased to have the people use the books more freely. P. & S. COALBASIN. H. O. Yewell of Redstone was up last week to spend a few days. Mrs. Reese is visiting friends in New Castle, her old home. Mrs. James Stewart and family departed for Walsenburg, where she intends spend- ing a few days with her mother before join- ing her husband, who is in New Mexico. Mrs. Ashby left last week for Florence, where she expects to remain a week. On her return trip she will visit friends at Salida and New Castle. Coalbasin is enjoying very pleasant weather. John Smith met with the misfortune of having his right leg broken in the mine Wednesday, October 29. He was sent to the hospital at Pueblo. Mr. Hart rusticated in Glenwood Springs a couple of days last week. The social given by the Sunday school at Mrs. Ashby's was a perfect success. All enjoyed themselves highly. The receipts of the evening were $11.70. E. P. Linskey is on the sick list. Rev. Father Revallier of Glenwood Springs enjoyed a very pleasant visit at Coalbasin. 458 COALBASIN— CARDIFF— ENGLE. Mrs. E. P. Linskey and infant daughter have returned from their visit at Stark- ville. Ed went as far as Glenwood Springs to meet them. W. E. A. CARDIFF. The following Cardiff people attended the play in Glenwood Springs Tuesday evening of last week: The Misses Heichimer, Man- ning, McMillan, Needham, Rumley, Craw- ford, Finlay and Meeham, and Messrs. Reu- bendall, Manning, Hudson, Matthews, Hich- imer and Campbell. Miss Lizzie Finlay of Gulch, who has been visiting friends in New Castle for the past few weeks, stopped in Cardiff a few hours Monday of last week, while passing through on her way home. She was the guest of Mr. and Mrs. H. A. Thompson while in our camp. S. Z. Schenck of Pueblo and party re- turned from the White River country last week with twelve fine elk. Fred Jasper and Miss Maggie Rumley drove to Sunlight to attend the dance last Friday evening. Fred complains of the road being very rough, but it is easily understood by those who know the circumstances. We have a queer buggy in town. The shafts are fastened in the rear. The following party returned from their outing in the White River country last Fri- day: Messrs. Matthews, Young, Hudson, Heichimer, Thompson and Pedigee. They were quite fortunate, having killed eight deer. Mr. Young was fortunate enough to kill a bob cat and Mr. Hudson a badger. R. W. Reubendale was in Glenwood Springs on business Thursday evening. Dr. Clark and Mr. Ewing of Glenwood Springs were visitors in camp Monday. Mr. and Mrs. Eugene Grubb of Carbon- dale spent Sunday with Superintendent and Miss Breen. Miss Breen has gone to Gulch to spend a few days with Mrs. P. Breen. R. C. ENGLE. Mrs. John Charters has returned home from a visit to her daughter, Mrs. Robert Archibald, at Madrid, New Mexico. Mrs. Charters says she doesn't feel a bit older, although she is now a grandmother. John McKelvey has returned from a visit to his friends in the East. He is going to give up digging and become a tracklayer. John Donnelly has gone to Hastings to become a driver in the mine. Superintendent Thompson and wife of Sopris, accompanied by Fred Steinhauer, paid Engle a visit last Sunday. The cooking class, under the direction of Miss Prendergast, is beginning to boom. Last weeli quite a number of ladies joined, and it has been decided to give two lessons a week. Mr. and Mrs. James Cameron, Miss Pren- dergast and John Lee attended the formal opening of the Corwin school at Berwind October 18. The basket weaving clubs, under the di- rection of Mrs. Lambert, are making rapid progress. These clubs seem to arouse the interest of every child in the camp, and the work gives them an idea of industry, creat- ing habits of deftness, neatness and careful forethought. Chief Engineer Hosea, accompanied by a party of engineers and draughtsmen, visited Engle a few days ago. Miss Nellie Laird was accidentally shot through the right hand with a rifle in the hands of a young girl playmate a short time ago. The schools were given a half holiday on October 31 in order that those who wished could attend the matinee concert given by Sousa. Miss Kathryn Nichols of Chicago is ex- pected this week to assist Mrs. Lambert in the kindergarten. Miss Nichols will have charge of the Primero kindergarten as soon as the building is ready. There are sixty little folks enrolled in the school here and It is too many for the most energetic teacher to manage without assistance. We are glad to welcome Miss Nichols to the camp. There are fifteen boys in regular attend- ance in the Boys' Club, thirty-three in the Girls' Club and fifty-one members attending the cooking classes. This increase in num- ENGLE— EL MORO— FLORESTA. 459 bers is certainly an index to an increase in interest. H. J. Wilson of Pueblo, assistant super- intendent of the Sociological Department, and Mrs. M. G. Grabill of Trinidad, super- intendent of kindergartens, visited the kin- dergarten last Friday. Miss Lizzie O'Neil of Primero has been visiting her sister. Miss Dora, for several days. Primusr Biffle, Hall Porter, Minnequa Hospital. Primus Biffle, commonly called "Biff" by his friends, has been a resident of Pueblo since February, 1891. He was employed as a bricklayer's helper at the Steel Works for over three years, and until June, 1898, when he wa« sent to the Colorado Fuel and Iron Com- pany's Hospital on account of tuberculosis of the upper arm, which finally made it necessary to disarticulate his shoulder. Since his recovery he has been hall porter at the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company's Hos- pital in Pueblo. Our good friend, Fred Steinhauer, accom- panied by his usual smile, made another trip to Engle on Saturday. It is a great faculty to be able to look upon life's sunny side under all circumstances. The world would be much happier and better if everyone would, "Count that day worse than wholly lost Between whose suns there has not crossed Your face and lingered for a while The cheerful sunshine of a smile." EL MORO. Mrs. M. G. Grabill and Mrs. Dennison were visitors in this camp on Thursday afternoon of last week. Mrs. Pifer from Engle was present at the cooking class on Friday of last week. A boys' class in cooking has been formed, which will meet every Saturday morning. Tony Mariani, the boy who injured his leg six or eight weeks ago, is back from the hospital. Mr. Douglas was up to Pueblo on Sunday of last week, returning Monday morning. Mr. Halloran attended church in Trinidad on Sunday of last week, a fact worthy of note. E. K. FLORESTA. A. D. Warren, agent for the Denver anil Rio Grande Railroad, invited a few of his friends to attend a "soiree" at his place of "residence" on Sunday evening. The time passed very quickly with games and music, but the "boys" did not shine until the re- past was served. Everyone enjoyed him- self fully, thanks to Mr. Warren. The snow has commenced to fly in earn- est. So far we have had a fall of about three feet, and at present writing we are having a moderate snowstorm. Although the general opinion seems to be that the Colorado Fuel and Iron mine will close as usual, we understand every effort possible will be made to keep it running all winter. The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company has let contracts for two new tenement houses, and the ground is now being broken. This will add somewhat to the accommodations of the camp. 460 FLORESTA—FIERRO— GIBSON— GULCH— LIME. During the past two weeks the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company has secured twelve new miners. Mr. Kendall, auditor for The Colorado Supply Company, spent a short time with us last week. N. E. FIERRO, NEW MEXICO. Miss Katrine Johnson, of San Francisco, California, is visiting friends and inciden- tally looking after her numerous mining interests here. Work at the Union Hill was temporarily suspended last week in order to move the incline to a more desirable location. J. D. Gilchrist, superintendent of the Sun- rise, Wyoming, mines, dropped in on us October 25, and left en October 27. N, S. Berray, superintendent of the local division of the Phelps, Dodge and Company properties, has been looking over their in- terests in Fierro during the past week. President Douglas of the Phelps, Dodge Company came in October 26 in his private car Nacozari, leaving on the same day. GIBSON, NEW MEXICO. Ed Johnson, an old time mine tracklayer, was killed by a switch engine between Gal- lup and Clarkville Sunday night. He was on his way home to Clarkville when run down by the engine. The new tipple for the Gallup mine which is nearing completion, caught fire from sparks from the switch engine Tuesday, but by prompt work the "fire laddies," with vol- unteer help, soon extinguished the flames. There was some damage, but it will soon be repaired. The old tipple was entirely burned from the same cause a few months ago. Mr. Welborn, division sales agent for The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company, with headquarters in San Francisco, paid our camp a pleasant call on Wednesday. Mr. Welborn is a pleasant gentleman whom we should like to see frequently. Mrs. W. M. Weaver of Pueblo visited our camp last week. Her many friends here are glad to have her among them again. The Weaver mine is working almost all the time, and is producing immense quan- tities of coal. In twenty-three and one-half days during October it produced 33,660 tons. The local management of the Company very wisely has added to the present means of protection for life and property against fire by placing extinguishers in accessible place* in every third house in camp. That these can be located without confusion, each house provided with an extinguisher is marked. There is, besides, sufficient hose to reach each house from the nearest hydrant. J. J. P. GULCH. An invitation dance was given here Octo- ber 31 by some of our young people, the dance being preceded by a supper. J. P. Thomas, our division superintendent, made a flying visit to Gulch last week, ac- companied by James Whitsell, superinten- dent at Sunlight. Messrs. Del Brown, Frank Ricklemann, C. M. Schenck, Pitman and others, returned from the White River country well supplied with game. Miss Meehon, our efllcient teacher, went to Aspen to spend a few days at home until after election. H. C. D. LIME. John Bloomburg, stable boss, resigned his position and left November 1 for Linds- burg, McPherson County, Kansas, where he will make his home with his brother, who is engaged in business at that place. Mr. Bloomburg has been with The Colorado Fuel and Iron Company a number of years. Miss Nettie Sease of Beulah is visiting her sister, Mrs. E. A. Allen. Archibald Oguinn started to work Monday as teamster in the quarry. The water supply for our camp is still ik serious question, it being necessary to haul water for the houses. A. Swanson, employed as rock breaker, recently suffered a bruised leg caused by falling rock. John Sease of Beulah was in camp last week, disposing of some very nice beef. Mrs. Stone, wife of the Denver and Rio Grande Railroad agent, is contemplating a trip to the Southern States in the near fu- ture. Quite a number of new men have been put at work in the quarry. The dance at the section house Friday LIME— ORIENT— PICTOU. 461 night of last week was well attended. Quite a few from Pueblo were present. Mrs. Sease and Mrs. Allen were in Pueblo Friday of last week. A freight wreck on the Denver and Rio Grande Railway just south of San Carlos delayed passenger trains about two hours Sunday morning of last week. M. Jachetta of Pueblo was a business visitor at Lime the first of the week. H. S. The Star-Journal wants agents. See adv. ORIENT. We are sorry to learn that Max Chavez, who had both legs broken October 21, had to have his right leg amputated. He is reported as getting along nicely now. I. McNamara was off on a business trip to Pueblo a few days last week. Deer hunting is the go in camp at present and some of our sportsmen seem to have had very good luck. Dr. O. P. Shippey was in camp Thursday and reported five cases of sickness, but nothing serious. We are having splendid weather, with the exception of a few light snowstorms. E. J. M. PICTOU. Dr. Baird lectured at the school house last Friday night to a very attentive audi- ence. The Doctor will give a number of lectures this winter for the benefit of the people of the camp. They are free, and all should attend. His subject last week was "The Care of Children in Diseases," in which the Doctor has had a great deal of experience. Miss Blickhahn sang "Forgot- ten." Miss Kneberg accompanied on the piano. A masquerade ball was given Saturday night by the Pictou Independent Band. A good crowd was there, and enjoyed the dancing till a late hour. Supper was served. School was closed last Monday and Tues- day on account of registration and election. Mr. and Mrs. E. L. Trounstine have moved from Walsenburg to Toltec. Mr. and Mrs. Perry Snodgrass are visit- ing their father and mother. Mr. Snodgrass is under-sheriff of Gunnison county. R. L. Snodgrass of Pueblo is also visiting his father and mother. George Phipps, our mine superinten- dent, went to La Veta Saturday night with the Masons of Walsenburg. Mr. Naylor of The Colorado Supply Com- pany drove to Hezron last Sunday. Mrs. E. L. Trounstine of Toltec has re- turned from a visit to Denver. C. Howard Smith of The Colorado Sup- ply Company, drove to Bear Creek Canon last Sunday. Mary Autry of Toltec has been ill with a fever. Mrs. Lizzie Wilson of Toltec has returned home from the North, where she has been visiting for a short time. Lizzie Campbell has recovered from a se- vere attack of fever. Patrick Burns had both legs broken and an arm fractured last Saturday morning in the McNally mine. Mr. and Mrs. Estes, of La Veta, visited Mr. and Mrs. Tombling last Tuesday. Mr. Estes is a member of the La Veta school board, and visited our new school building. Edward Caddie has a very sick child. A great number of children have the measles, making the attendance at school very small. Miss May Johnson, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. T. J. Johnson of Pictou, and C. Victor Mazzone were married Sunday afternoon, October 19, at the Methodist parsonage in Walsenburg. The wedding was a quiet one, only the family being present. Mr. and Mrs. Mazzone have gone to housekeeping in Wal- senburg, and their many friends wish them much joy in their new life. Professor H. J. Wilson of Pueblo gave a most interesting lecture in the school house Friday evening, October 24. His subject was "What Our Neighbors Are Doing," and was illustrated with one hundred stereopti- con views of the different camps. There was a good attendance, and everyone present enjoyed the lecture. Mrs. A. C. Rupp left Tuesday of last week for her home in Pueblo. Mr. Bruce, paymaster, was in camp Tues- day, October 7. C. C. Everhart of Trinidad was in Pictou Friday of last week. Measles, bronchitis and pneumonia are in many families of Pictou and Toltec camps. M. M. M. 462 PRIMERO— ROUSE. PRIMERO. A. Bacetti, who was injured in the mine on Thursday by a fall of rock, died the fol- lowing morning, and was buried in Trinidad. Another man, James McDougal, who also was injured by a fall of rock, is recovering rapidly, and will soon be home from the hospital. Superintendent Robert O'Neil has recent- ly been appointed assistant division super- intendent with headquarters at Trinidad. Mr. O'Neil expects to remove to that place within the month. Miss Laura Krout spent Saturday and Sunday with her parents in Trinidad. Since Mr. Arnold left camp, the barber shop had been closed until today, when it was opened for business by S. D, Hamlin, formerly of Berwind. A new bakery owned by Chris Kuver of Trinidad, has been started here, and is sup- plying a long felt want in the way of pies and candy. W. E. S. The Star-Journal wants agents. See adv. ROUSE. W. D. Walker of the Colorado Supply Company store is enjoying a visit from his brother of Kansas City. George W. Bowen of Pueblo and party were in our camp Wednesday of last week. Philip Harmon of the Colorado Fuel and Iron Company general offices at Denver was here Tuesday of last week. Mr. Kearney has assumed charge of the night switching crew at this place. Mrs. James Cregor, who has been in the hospital at Trinidad for some time, returned home last week. Mr. and Mrs. Ketner returned to their home here after a stay of several weeks in Pueblo. While they were away they lost their little son by appendicitis. They have the sympathy of the entire community in their bereavement. The Rouse Ball Club gave a masquerade ball at Osgood hall last Saturday night which was a very enjoyable affair, and a success in every particular. Dr. Chapman gave another excellent lec- ture before the schools last week. He showed very clearly to the children by ex- planation and experiments the effects of alcohol on the human system. We under- stand that this is only one of a series of lectures on alcohol, its uses and abuses, which the doctor has prepared to give to the school children. The Walsenburg World has the following to say of the ball game played at that place Sunday, October 19, between the Rouse and Pictou clubs: Base Ball. "The Rouse baseball team ended the season at Walsenburg Sunday by winning a victory over the Pictou club. The score was, Rouse 13; Pictou 11. It was not a pitcher's battle nor a slugging match, but it was a game intensely interesting, unusually snappy and at times too exciting for any one who may have been troubled with palpitation of the heart. At more than one stage of the game the densely packed grand stand presented a picture seldom seen at a ball game in Wal- senburg. All seemed anxious for the Rouse team to win the game, and long hits which brought in scores were the signal for outbreaks of enthusiasm when the crowd stood up as one and applauded. It was a fitting finish to the baseball season here, and is convincing proof that the Rouse team as it lined up is entitled to what credit there may be in accepting the name of "Huerfano County Champions.'' Dick and Titters pitched and McDermott caught for Rouse, which made the Pictouites' eyes bulge out, and the fast work of the Rouse team throughout the interesting contest was a surprise to the Pictou team." Mr. and Mrs. Charles Schrodes spent Sunday in Walsenburg. Mr. and Mrs. M. T. Brennan were guests of relatives in Walsenburg Sunday. Mr. Stevens and Mr. Ball were here last week in their official capacity. Assistant Superintendent H. J. Wilson of the Sociological Department paid our camp a visit last week. Mrs. M. G. Grabill, Superintendent of Kin- dergartens, spent several days here re- cently. Hallowe'en was celebrated by a poverty ball at Osgood Hall, and proved to be a very enjoyable affair. Joseph McStravic was badly hurt in the mine one day last week by falling stone, but is getting along nicely under the care of Dr. Chapman. ROUSE— REDSTONE. 463 Eight hundred tons of coal are being produced daily at the mines here, and Su- perintendent Brennan and other officials are a busy set of men. REDSTONE. Mrs. A. D. Beaman is enjoying a visit from her father and sister, I. M. Parsons and Miss Gretchen Parsons of Black Hawk, Colorado. The young lady will remain in Redstone all winter and attend school. Mr. Scheier, proprietor of one of the larg- est decorating establishments in New York, and one that is now beautifying the White House, Washington, is here, planning the decorations of Mr. Osgood's residence. A called meeting of citizens interested in the fire department was held at the as- sembly room of the hose house on Monday evening, October 20. The men were elected to form two companies, and the foremen made the following appointments: By Fore- man A. D. Beaman, chemical department: Assistant Foreman, William Van Winkle; Engine Men, H. F. Pearson, Bert Ross and George Healey; Nozzle Men, R. S. Dewitt, Otto Smigelow; Hydrant Men, E. R. Crum, Ed O'Toole and H. O. Newell. By Foreman W. G. Bolton of the hose department: As- sistant Foreman, Charles Fullman; Hydrant Men, E. C. Smythe, Frank Spellman; Pipe Men, F. A. Van Vrauken and R. P. Lytle; Coupler, George W. Nicholds. A. E. Matthews, paymaster, and Mr. Kim- ball, auditor for The Colorado Supply Com- pany, were visitors at our town last week. Mr. Haniwald and Dr. Ashby came down from Coalbasin Wednesday, October 22, on a coal train, a trip which they appeared to regard as a picnic, judging from their good nature. J. B. Bowen and E. R. Crum escorted the cash up from Carbondale on Wednesday of last week. Thursday was pay day. Dr. Whiting loaded thirteen cars with cattle at Placita last week, and Mr. Brainard of North Fork about seventeen cars. In all, nearly 1,000 head were shipped. The tender of "No. 1" locomotive was bad- ly disabled Wednesday of last week, the draw head and buffer beam being destroyed. The stress of business of Thursday necessi- tated the working of the engine other-end- to; but by the characteristic push of our master mechanic, H. F. Pearson, and an all- night shift at the roundhouse, "No.l" was able to do business in the regular way on Friday. John Kellock returned last week from a visit to Ayr, Scotland, and at once re- sumed work on the new ovens. The ball at the opera house on Saturday evening of last week was a brilliant social success, a goodly number of people from Carbondale attending. J. B. Bowen and Mrs. Rose K. Wright led the grand march. The music was good, and the floor excellent. Supper was served at the Red- stone Inn. Mrs. Earl Tucker of Carbondale visited her sister. Miss Iva Freeman, Saturday to Sunday of last week. Miss Josephine Mc- Beth was also a visitor with our teachers. The fire department made a practice run on Sunday afternoon of last week. While the "C. R." train was being made up at Carbondale Saturday morning of last week the stove upset. The coach caught fire and considerable damage was done. The weather continues all that could be desired. Mr. and Mrs. Stapleton celebrated the seventh anniversary of their marriage on Thursday evening, October 23. The guests invited were: Mr. and Mrs. A. D. Beaman, Mr. and Mrs. J. L. Fisher, Mr. and Mrs. S. D. Blair, Mr. and Mrs. William Van Winkle, Mr. and Mrs. D. S. Harper, Mr. and Mrs. .James Conahan, Mr. and Mrs. Ed. Shepherd, Mr. and Mrs. A. E. Sanders, Mr. and Mrs. Peterson, Mesdames Hawkins and Randle and Messrs. Fullman, Lee, Erbshauser and Taylor. The form of amusement was whist and conundrums, a very pleasant evening being passed. Mrs. E. P. Linskey, on her way home from Starkville, was met here by Ed on Thursday, October 23. Miss Iva Freeman went to Carbondale Friday evening of last week to meet her sister, Mrs. Tucker, who has just returned from an extended visit in the southern part of the state. Mrs. Wright and Miss Freeman attended the district teachers' institute at Glenwood Springs last Saturday, returning on Sunday morning, November 2. The next teachers' institute will be held in Redstone some time in January. C. P. Randle reached Redstone Sunday, coming from the hospital at Pueblo, where 464 REDSTONE— ROCKVALE. he has been for three months. He is now walking with the aid of crutches. ROCKVALE. Mary Emma, the seven-year-old daughter of Mr. Simpson, is very sick with pneu- monia. Olive Powell, who is ill with typhoid fever, is progressing nicely. Thomas Smith, an old resident, has gone to the hospital with an infected hand. Mrs. Wilson, wife of the cashier in the store, will leave shortly for her old home in Del Norte. Reese Arthur is on the sick list. He and his terrier dogs are missed. The small boy was not much in evidence last Friday night. Extra guards were on duty to prevent damage to property. The storm of Friday left the mountains covered with snow which will help out not a little on the water supply. Dr. R. E. Holmes, the portly but good- natured surgeon at Brookside, was a visitor in Rockvale Thursday, October 23. George Marco is teaching seventeen of his countrymen primary and advanced work in English. The class is progressing satis- factorily. The Star-Journal wants agents. See adv. We Pipe Old Houses r And Guarantee Perfect Work. Only $15 for a Five-Room House — This Includes Fixtures THE PUEBLO GAS & FUEL CO. Pharaoh's Horses, ihe uiic-oent Pictures are 6 to 8 Times the size of this Picture. FOR CHRISTMAS GIFTS. THE PERRY PICTURES. GOLD MEDAL, PARIS EXPOSITION. Only a Penny. Send at Once. Do Not Wait for the December Rush. THE WORLD'S GREAT PAINTINGS. 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