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GIFT OF 
 
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MACMILLAFS LATIN COURSE 
 
 SECOND PAET 
 
MACMILLAN'S 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 SECOND PAET 
 
 BY 
 
 A. M. COOK, M.A., 
 
 ASSISTANT MASTER IN ST. PAUL'S SCHOOL 
 
 MACMILLAN AND CO. 
 
 AND NEW YORK 
 
 1890 
 
Printed by R. & R CLARK, Edinburgh. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 SECT. EXERCISES PAGE 
 
 1. [ 1-4.] IRREGULAR VERBS : First Conjugation . . 1 
 
 2. [5, 6. ] IRREGULAR VERBS : Second Conjugation . . 4 
 
 TRANSLATION I. Carneades .... 6 
 
 II. Diogenes .... 6 
 
 III. Xenocrates .... 6 
 
 3. [ 7, 8.] FORMATION OF VERBS OF THE THIRD CONJUGA- 
 
 TION 7 
 
 4. [ 9, 10.] Do. do. . . 9 
 
 TRANSLATION IV. Philip . . . .11 
 
 V. Alexander .... 12 
 
 VI. Alexander .... 12 
 
 5. [11, 12.] IRREGULAR VERBS : Fourth Conjugation . . 12 
 
 6. [13-20.] RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES ON THE FORMA- 
 
 TION OF VERBS 14 
 
 TRANSLATION VII. Themistocles . . .19 
 
 VIII. Iphicrates ... 19 
 
 IX. Pyrrhus .... 20 
 
 X. The Philosopher and his son 20 
 
 XI. The Barber and his Customer 20 
 
 7. [21, 22.] IRREGULAR VERBS : Possum, Folo, Nolo, Malo . 21 
 
 8. [23-26.] Do. do. Fero, Fio, Eo ... 23 
 
 TRANSLATION XII. A few words with an Invalid 26 
 
 9. [27-30.] DEPONENT VERBS . . . . .27 
 
 411326 
 
vi CONTENTS 
 
 SKCT. EXERCISES PAGE 
 
 10. [31-36.] RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES .... 30 
 
 TRANSLATION XIII. Asking for a Holiday . 34 
 
 11. [37-40.] PARTICIPLES : the Present Active and Past 
 
 Passive ....... 36 
 
 12. [41-44.] PARTICIPLES: Past Participle Deponent and 
 
 Passive 39 
 
 TRANSLATION XIV. Papyrus . . . .43 
 XV. The Crocodile . . .43 
 
 13. [45-48.] THE ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE .... 44 
 
 14. [49,50.] Do. do. .... 48 
 
 15. [51-56.] RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES ON THE ABLATIVE 
 
 ABSOLUTE AND PARTICIPLES ... 50 
 
 TRANSLATION XVI. Fables about India . . 54 
 
 16. [57, 58.] THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD Ut, FINAL : First and 
 
 Second Conjugations . . . . .55 
 
 17. [59,60.] Ut, FINAL: Third Conjugation .... 58 
 
 TRANSLATION XVII. A True Dream . . 59 
 
 18. [61,62.] Ut, FINAL: Third Conjugation (continued) . 60 
 
 19. [63, 64.] Ut, FINAL : Fourth Conjugation ... 63 
 
 TRANSLATION XVIII. A Murder at an Inn . 65 
 
 20. [65, 66.] The Accusative with the Infinitive ... 66 
 
 21. [67,68.] Defective Verbs 69 
 
 22. [69, 70.] Impersonal Verbs 71 
 
 TRANSLATION XIX. Alexander addresses his 
 
 Soldiers ....... 72 
 
 23. [71,72.] Ut t expressing a result' 74 
 
 24. [73-78.] RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES .*...', . .77 
 
 TRANSLATION XX. The Death of Alexander . 81 
 
 25. [79-82.] The Indirect Question 81 
 
 26. [83, 84.] The Supines 85 
 
 TRANSLATION XXI. Proverbial Sayings . .87 
 
 27. [85, 86.] The Gerund . 89 
 
 28. [87, 88.] The Gerundive for the Gerund .... 91 
 
 29. [89, 90.] The Gerundive 93 
 
 30. [91,92.] Do. . 96 
 
CONTENTS vii 
 
 SECT. EXERCISES PAGE 
 
 30. [93-100.] RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES .... 98 
 
 TRANSLATION XXII. The Story of Joseph . 104 
 The Conjugation of some Irregular Verbs 
 
 Possum 123 
 
 Capio 124 
 
 Fero . 126 
 
 Volo 128 
 
 Nolo. 129 
 
 Malo 130 
 
 Mo 131 
 
 Eo . . 132 
 
 Notes on the Pieces for Translation . . .134 
 Latin-English Dictionary . . . . ".137 
 
 English-Latin Dictionary . . 167 
 
LATIN COUESE 
 
 SECOND PAET 
 
 SECTION 1. 
 IRREGULAR VERBS : FIRST CONJUGATION. 
 
 Of the irregular verbs of this conjugation the common- 
 est are sto, "I stand," perfect, stffii, supine, statum ; and 
 do, "I give," perfect, dgdi, supine, datum. 
 
 Both verbs have many compounds. Among the com- 
 pounds of sto are praesto, "I stand before," i.e. "I am 
 superior to," and circumstare, " to surround." Among the 
 compounds of do, all of which, however, belong to the third 
 conjugation, are : 
 
 1. dedo, I give up, surrender; perf. dedfdi ; perf. part. 
 
 pass, dedttus. 
 
 reddo, I give back, return ; perf. reddidi ; perf. part, 
 pass. reddUus. 
 
 2. condo, I put together ; perf. condidi; perf. part. pass. 
 
 conditus. 
 perdo, I make away with, I destroy ; perf. perdldi ; 
 
 perf. part. pass. perdUus. 
 ffl? B 
 
2 LATIN COURSE SEC. 1 
 
 (i.) 
 
 1. ISTautae navem solverunt; amici in litore steterunt. 
 
 2. Mercator regi ingentem pecuniam dederat. 
 
 3. Pecunia servo, corona domino a rege data est. 
 
 4. Qui circumstabant milites nuntium audiverunt. 
 
 5. Praestat laudari a magistro quam puniri. 
 
 6. Ille vir ceteris in omnibus rebus praestitit. 
 
 7. Eomani classem Carthaginiensibus dediderunt. 
 
 8. Eedde mini libros quos tibi heri dedi. 
 
 9. Eomulus, primus illius gentis rex, urbem Eomam 
 
 condidit. 
 
 10. Hi pessimi homines civitatem perdiderunt. 
 
 11. Multos homines hae epistulae Ciceronis delecta- 
 
 verunt. 
 
 12. Milites trium legionum pro castris instructi sunt. 
 
 (2.) 
 
 1. The sailors stood on the shore. 
 
 2. The king had given rewards to the soldiers. 
 
 3. The boy amuses the master. 
 
 4. To which of the (two) brothers have you given the 
 
 book? 
 
 5. It is better to praise than to blame. 
 
 6. The enemy gave themselves up to Caesar. 
 
 7. Where is your book ? I gave it to my friend yes- 
 
 terday ; he has not returned it. 
 
 8. The Carthaginians surrendered their fleet and 
 
 sailors to the Eomans. 
 
 9. Those bad men have ruined the state. 
 10. The boy has composed a long poem. 
 
SEC. 1 IRREGULAR VERBS 3 
 
 (3.) 
 
 1. Caesar militibus, qui fortissime pugnaverant, prae- 
 
 mia dedit. 
 
 2. Amicus meus huic soli negotio die ac nocte 
 
 deditus esse videtur. 
 
 3. Hie et pecuniam et tempus et vitam perdidit. 
 
 4. Hie homo omnium pessimus et perditissimus vino 
 
 deditus est. 
 
 5. Nostri maiores virtute ceteris gentibus longe prae- 
 
 stiterunt. 
 
 6. Hae aves totam noctem in uno pede steterunt. 
 
 7. Hie puer poema Latinum ducentorum versuum 
 
 condiderat. 
 
 8. Pater meus totam orationem Latine reddiderat. 
 
 9. Fratres mini quam debent pecuniam non reddi- 
 
 derant. 
 
 10. Circumstabant milites cum telis; ducem fortissi- 
 
 mum interficiunt. 
 
 11. Difficile est haec omnia Latine reddere. 
 
 12. Tu, omnium hominum perditissime, tu me, virum 
 
 fortem, culpabis ? 
 
 (4.) 
 
 1. I give you this to-day : give it back to-morrow. 
 
 2. The poem is being turned into Latin by the boy. 
 
 3. Your brother is devoted to this business. 
 
 4. This man has wasted his time. 
 
 5. To whom did you give the book ? I gave it to 
 
 my brother. 
 
 6. Caesar was superior to all leaders in diligence. 
 
4 LATIN COUKSE SEC. 2 
 
 7. Will you not give me back my horse ? 
 
 8. The Gauls surrendered themselves and all their 
 
 belongings to the Eomans. 
 
 9. This abandoned man has given himself up to wine. 
 10. You will waste your time ; give me the book ; you 
 
 will never understand it. 
 
 SECTION 2. 
 
 IRREGULAR VERBS : SECOND CONJUGATION. 
 
 It will be remembered that the regular verbs of this 
 conjugation form the perfect and perfect participle passive 
 thus : 
 
 moneo monui monitus 
 
 Among the irregular verbs are : 
 
 doceo docui doctus 
 
 iubeo iussi iussus 
 
 maneo mansi (supine, mansum) 
 
 moveo movi motus 
 
 video vidi visus 
 
 (5.) 
 
 1. Magister puerum, novem annos natum, Graecas 
 
 lit eras docuit. 
 
 2. Illi pueri, quod optime a magistro docti erant, 
 
 ceteris longe praestiterunt. 
 
 3. Nbnne milites nuntium circumstare vidisti ? 
 
SEC. 2 IRREGULAR VERBS 5 
 
 4. Milites se hostibus dedere visi sunt : nuntius 
 
 Caesarem de hac re certiorem fecit. 
 
 5. Ego et tu semper in eadem sententia mansimus. 
 
 6. Oratio regis animos civium moverat ; onmes tacue- 
 
 runt. 
 
 7. Ille vir omnium Eomanorum doctissimus esse 
 
 habitus est. 
 
 8. Milites, quod nullam spem salutis viderunt, se 
 
 hostibus dediderunt. 
 
 9. Pueri a magistro hos versus Latine reddere iussi 
 
 sunt. 
 
 10. Hostes septimae milites legionis loco movere non 
 
 potuerunt. 
 
 11. Frustra, magister, illos pueros docuisti; tempus 
 
 perdidisti ! 
 
 12. Nonne milites ducem circumstare et clamores 
 
 tollere vidisti ? 
 
 (6.) 
 
 1. The master told the boy to turn the verses into 
 
 Latin. 
 
 2. A large sum of money was owed me by that person. 
 
 3. The soldiers of the ninth legion were ordered by 
 
 Caesar to move their camp. 
 
 4. The tenth legion did not hold its ground, but 
 
 surrendered to the enemy. 
 
 5. That learned man far surpassed all the rest. 
 
 6. Those boys have been often warned both by their 
 
 father and their master. 
 
 7. The hearts of the citizens were moved by the 
 
 king's speech. 
 
6 LATIN COURSE SEC. 2 
 
 8. Your father has not, has he, always maintained 
 
 that opinion ? 
 
 9. The soldiers did not move from the spot, because 
 
 they had been ordered to remain. 
 
 10. That boy has given the books to his sister; did you 
 
 not tell him to give them to his mother? 
 
 11. Caesar ordered the soldiers to build a large num- 
 
 ber of ships of war. 
 
 12. Komulus, who founded the city of Eome, was the 
 
 first king of the Eomans. 
 
 I. 
 
 Carneades usque ad extremam senectam nunquam 
 cessavit a philosophiae studio. Saepe ei accidit, ut, cum 
 cibi capiendi causa accubuisset, cogitationibus inhaerens, 
 manum ad cibos appositos porrigere oblivisceretur. 
 
 II. 
 
 Diogenes, philosophus, Myndum profectus, cum 
 videret magnificas portas et urbem exiguam, Myndios 
 monuit ut portas clauderent, ne urbs egrederetur. 
 
 III. 
 
 Xenocrates, philosophus, cum maledicorum quorun- 
 dam sermoni interesset, neque quidquam ipse loquere- 
 tur, interrogatus cur solus taceret, respondit : Quia 
 dixisse me aliquando paenituit, tacuisse nunquam. 
 
SEC. 3 THIRD CONJUGATION 7 
 
 SECTION 3. 
 FORMATION OF VERBS OF THE THIRD CONJUGATION. 
 
 These verbs form their parts in many ways. Here, for 
 instance, are specimens : 
 
 Present Indicative. Perfect. Past Part. Passive. 
 
 dico dixi dictus 
 
 facio feci factus 
 
 fallo fefelli falsus 
 
 gero gessi gestus 
 
 mitto misi missus 
 
 nosco novi ~ M.**r notus 
 
 peto petii(andpetivi) petitus 
 
 pono posui positus 
 
 scribo scripsi scriptus 
 
 solvo solvi solutus 
 
 verto verti versus 
 
 1. Caesar omnes res quae in Hispania gestae sunt 
 
 cognovit. 
 
 2. Eomani victi sunt, neque me mea opinio fefellit. 
 
 3. Haedui equitatum ornnem auxilio Caesari miserant. 
 
 4. Quis tecum heri in horto fuit ? non novi hominem. 
 
 5. Mores Germanorum omnibus hominibus noti sunt. 
 
 6. Fratrem tuum bene novi, te vero nunquam antea 
 
 vidi. 
 
 7. Urbs Roma, lit supra scripsimus,aRomuloconditaest. 
 
8 LATIN COURSE SEC. 3 
 
 8. Hostes se verterunt et fuga salutem petierunt. 
 
 9. Norifefellit Caesarem hostes fuga salutem petiisse. 
 
 10. li se suaque omnia sine mora dediderunt. 
 
 11. Belgae, ut supra scriptum est, virtu te omnibus 
 
 Gallis praestiterunt. 
 
 12. li qui proximi steterant Caesarem de his rebus 
 
 docuerunt. 
 
 13. His rebus gestis ipse cum quinque legionibus ad 
 
 solis occasum naves solvit. 
 
 14. Duces Eomani, ut ante dictum est, post mediam 
 
 noctem naves solverunt.i 
 
 15. Caesar Crassum cum una legione ad Venetos, po- 
 
 pulum Galliae maritimum, misit. 
 
 16. Melodunum, ut ante diximus, est oppidum in insula 
 
 fluminis Sequanae positum. 
 
 (8.) 
 
 1. Caesar carried on war with all the tribes of Gaul. 
 
 2. The soldiers of the fifth legion have been sent to 
 
 the Parisii. 
 
 3. Caesar fixed his camp three miles (accus.) from 
 
 their camp. 
 
 4. The Eomans knew all the harbours of those parts. 
 
 5. The barbarians, as has been said above, asked for 
 
 alliance from Caesar. 
 
 6. The Eomans carried on war in the territory of the 
 
 Germans. 
 
 7. The soldiers who stood nearest (adj.) informed 
 
 Caesar. 
 
 8. The barbarians set sail a little after midnight. 
 
SEC. 4 THIRD CONJUGATION 9 
 
 9. The soldiers of that legion turned and sought 
 safety in flight. 
 
 10. Who wrote the eighth book of the Gallic War ? 
 
 11. The Eoman leader restored all their hostages to 
 
 the Haedui. 
 
 12. Money is now being paid; peace has at last been 
 
 given to the world. 
 
 SECTION 4. 
 
 FORMATION OF VERBS OF THE THIRD CONJUGATION 
 
 (Continued). 
 
 Obs. Here all the verbs of this conjugation previously 
 in use are introduced. 
 
 (9.) 
 
 1. Omnes naves quae mane solverant vespere terram 
 
 ceperunt. 
 
 2. Militum alii gravia vulnera acceperunt, alii inter- 
 
 fecti sunt. 
 
 3. Cur tit* Caesarem de his rebus certiorem fecisti ? 
 
 4. Nostri, vulneribus confecti, fuga salutem petere non 
 
 possunt. 
 
 5. Labienus castra ad earn partem oppidi posuerat. 
 
 6. Pecunia semper ab hoc iudice iustitiae anteposita est. 
 
 7. Duae legiones in naves onerarias impositae erant. 
 
 8. Legi tuas epistulas, neque tamen omnia plane 
 
 intellexi. 
 
 9. Capuae primum hostes se. collegerunt. 
 
10 LATIN COURSE SEC. 4 
 
 10. Fortissimi milites e legionibus elect! sunt. 
 
 1 1. Barbari undique in murum inagnos lapides iecerunt. 
 
 12. Decima legio per tribunes militum ei gratias egit. 
 
 13. Caesar quattuor secum legiones in hostium fines 
 
 duxit. 
 
 14. Eae nationes quae trans Ehenuin incoluerunt 
 
 legates miserunt. 
 J.5. Dux hostium cum equitatu agmen Caesaris carpsit. 
 
 16. Hi homines, quod vino somnoque dediti sunt, nihil 
 
 conficere possunt. 
 
 1 7. Obsides omnes hostibus a Oaesare redditi sunt. 
 
 1 8. Quis Carthaginem condidit ? Nonne hunc libruin 
 
 legisti ? 
 
 19. Hi senes memoriam perdiderunt. 
 
 20. Multae nationes populo Eomano vectigalia pen- 
 r- diderunt. 
 
 21. Ceterae civitates superiore bello cum Sertorio 
 
 steterant. 
 
 22. Caesar se post mediani .nocteni cum Antonio con- 
 
 iunxit. 
 
 23. Barbari nostrorum paucitatem contempserunt 
 
 24. Hi homines lacte atque pecore diu vixeruut. 
 
 25. Gravis pestilentia in urbem inciderat. 
 
 26. Yergilius cecinit pascua rura duces. 
 
 27. Homines mortui illis temporibus in urbe usti sunt. 
 
 28. Nequidquam lacrimas fuderunt, nequidquam a 
 
 Caesare auxilium petierunt. 
 
 29. Nbnne dixi Caesarem se cum Antonio coniunxisse ? 
 
 num me fefellit opinio mea ? 
 
 30. Num. omnes Ciceronis orationes legisti. if-Legi 
 
 neque tainen plane intellexi. J 
 
SEC. 4 THIRD CONJUGATION 11 
 
 (10.) 
 
 1. You have not, have you, read all Cicero's letters ? 
 
 2. I did not understand what you wrote about these 
 
 matters. 
 
 3. Where did the enemy first rally ? 
 
 4. Two hundred soldiers were chosen from the tenth 
 
 legion. . 
 
 5. Did not the enemy's general receive a serious 
 
 wound ? 
 
 6. He had often informed Caius of these affairs. 
 
 7. Did you not return thanks to that man ? 
 
 8. His father sent Balbus and hie. brother to Eome. 
 
 9. How often I have read that book ! 
 
 10. Caesar had already united himself with Labienus. 
 
 11. He had sent his slave to the city; he himself 
 
 remained at home. 
 
 12. He restored the enemy all their hostages which 
 
 they had given. 
 
 13. I have read three books of Virgil to-day. 
 
 14. He had read all the letters, but many he had not 
 
 understood. 
 
 15. Only one state had stood on Caesar's side in the 
 
 previous war. 
 
 Mulier quaedam, a Philippo, cum a convivio ternu- 
 lentus recederet, damnata, "A Philippo," inquit, " temu- 
 lento ad Philippum sobrium provoco." 
 
12 LATIN COURSE SEC. 5 
 
 V. 
 
 Alexander, Macedo, Philippi films, cum puer a prae- 
 ceptore suo andivisset innumerabiles mundos esse, 
 " Heu ! me miserum ! " inquit, " qui non uno quidem 
 adhuc potitus sum/' 
 
 VI. 
 
 Cum, Alexander Graecis populis imperasset ut divi- 
 nos ipsi honores decernerent, Lacedaemonii his verbis 
 ^utebantur : " Quoniam Alexander deus esse voluit, esto 
 deus," Laconica brevitate regis notantes vecordiam. 
 
 SECTION 5, 
 IRREGULAR VERBS OF THE FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
 
 The regular formation is : 
 
 audio audivi auditus 
 
 The following are therefore irregular : 
 aperio aperui apertus 
 
 vincio vinxi vinctus 
 
 sentio sensi (sup. sensum) 
 
 reperio repperi repertus 
 
 venio veni (sup. ventum) 
 
 Obs. 1. To this conjugation may also be attached eo, 
 which makes ivi, itum, though other parts of 
 the verb are also irregular. These will be 
 introduced later (p. 23). 
 
SEC. 5 IRREGULAR VERBS 13 
 
 2. Notice the difference between vinco, I conquer ; 
 
 perf. vici, part, victus, and vincio above, I bind. 
 
 3. Notice that venit means " he comes " ; venit, " he 
 
 has come," "he came." If the quantity is not 
 marked, it is only the sense that will show 
 which tense is meant. 
 
 (ii.) 
 
 1. Hie homo caecus non est; varios rerum colores 
 
 bene sentit. 
 
 2. Yes tern non habui; frigus sensi. 
 
 3. Hie senex moriens non sensit. 
 
 4. Fores aperiri sensi, sed neminem vidi. 
 
 5. Ne vos quidem qui circumstetistis rem sensistis. 
 
 6. Eepperi esse vera quae mini servus dixit. 
 
 7. Neque frumentum neque pecus in agris repperi- 
 
 mus. 
 
 8. Captivos vinxit et ad Caesarem duxit. 
 
 9. Eex hostium vinctus ad Caesarem ductus est. 
 
 10. Hannibal magis ratione et consilio quam virtute 
 
 vicit. 
 
 11. Neque virtute neque in acie vicerunt Eomani. 
 
 12. Nota est ilia vox Caesaris : Veni, vidi, vici. 
 
 13. Ivit foras capite aperto, neque imbrern sensit. 
 
 14. Sulmonenses, simul atque signa nostra viderunt, 
 
 portas aperuerunt. 
 
 15. Eorum qui Eomam venerunt repertus est numerus 
 
 milium C et X. 
 
 16. Eomam venimus ; forum Eomanum vidimus; 
 
 mane Neapolim imus. 
 
14 LATIN COURSE SEC. 6 
 
 (12.) 
 
 1. Neither my brother nor my sister felt the cold : 
 
 they were at home. 
 
 2. He was not, was he, aware of the matter ? Was 
 
 he not in the city ? 
 
 3. We found sweet water in the wood. 
 
 4. A great quantity of cattle were found by us there. 
 
 5. The barbarians, as soon as they saw the Romans, 
 
 opened the gates. 
 
 6. They were brought bound to Caesar and all put to 
 
 death. 
 
 7. The barbarians conquered not by their bravery but 
 
 by their strategy. 
 
 8. Who is this who comes to me with his head 
 
 uncovered ? I do not know the man. 
 
 9. We all came to you as soon as we heard. 
 
 10. He has gone to Eome; his father told him to go. 
 
 11. We have discovered nothing about that tribe. 
 
 12. You have come, seen, and conquered. 
 
 SECTION 6. 
 
 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES ON THE FORMATION OF 
 VERBS. 
 
 (13.) 
 
 1. Diu te exspectavi, tandem venisti. 
 
 2. Captivi ab iis qui proximi steterant interfecti sunt. 
 
SEC. 6 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES 15 
 
 3. Quis te aere alieno liberaverat ? Pater me 
 
 liberavit. 
 
 4. Librum tibi, quod optimus puer fuisti, dedi. 
 
 5. Komani hostes, ut supra docuimus, fugaverunt. 
 
 6. Haec legio ceteris in bellis omnibus praestitit. 
 
 7. Pompeius, simul atque venit, castra hostium occu- 
 
 pavit. 
 
 8. Belgae se, simul atque exercitus Caesaris venit, 
 
 populo Eomano dediderunt. 
 
 9. Milites qui in opere occupati sunt fuga salutem 
 
 petiverunt. 
 
 10. Eeddidi librum, qui mihi a fratre tuo datus erat. 
 
 11. Ceteri interfecti sunt, ipse fuga mortem vitaverat. 
 
 12. Ille vir multas urbes condidit, /multas idem 
 
 perdidit. 
 
 (14.) 
 
 1. To-day you have all come ; yesterday no one came. 
 
 2. No one surpassed me in these matters. 
 
 3. Some surrendered themselves to Caesar, others to 
 
 Pompeius. 
 
 4. Who gave you all the books which I saw in your 
 
 house ? 
 
 5. My brother came home at midnight. 
 
 6. Did you not stand next to him in the battle ? 
 
 7. Some returned, others remained at Eome. 
 
 8. Did I not return you the twelve books yesterday ? 
 
 9. As soon as the third legion came, Caesar moved 
 
 his camp. 
 
 10. Tn vain did the soldiers seek safety in flight; the 
 enemy stood round on every side. 
 
16 LATIN COURSE SEC. 6 
 
 (15.) 
 
 1. Quis te istos mores docuit ? pessimi sunt, mi 
 
 puer ! 
 
 2. Films, a patre monitus, domum statim rediit. 
 
 3. Ille homo neque beneficiis neque amicitiae 
 
 memoria motus est. 
 
 4. Milites periculo mortis non sunt territi. 
 
 5. Ceteri qui domi manserunt optime valuerunt. 
 
 6. Non memoria tenuerant quae heri dixeram. 
 
 7. Pater iterum atque iterum puerum fenestram 
 
 aperire iussit. 
 
 8. Cicero consulatum optime gessit. 
 
 9. Fratrem sororemque heri vidi, patrem eras videbo. 
 
 10. Genus hoc erat pugnae quo se Germani exercue- 
 
 runt. 
 
 11. Non modo hoc, sed multa alia etiam, tibi iam 
 
 dixeram. 
 
 12. Hie multa de omnibus rebus dixit, ille tacuit. 
 
 (16.) 
 
 1. My sisters were taught by our mother. 
 
 2. Why did you not return home? Everybody was 
 
 expecting you. 
 
 3. Some were moved by the orator's words, others by 
 
 his tears. 
 
 4. Who told you to uncover your head ? 
 
 5. You have not remembered what I have already 
 
 told you. 
 
 6. Many wars were waged by the Eomans. 
 
SEC. 6 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES 17 
 
 7. He has seen me to-day ; he will see my brother 
 
 to-morrow. 
 
 8. Why did you stay at home ? Did your father 
 
 tell you to ? 
 
 9. The Germans practised themselves in this kind of 
 
 battle. 
 
 10. Were you not well in the country? You did not 
 take exercise. 
 
 1. Puerorum alterum Eomam, alterum Neapolim misit. 
 
 2. Caesar castra posuit longe a Nicopoli circiter milia 
 
 passuum vii. 
 
 3. Omnes milites decimae legionis in naves impositi 
 
 sunt. 
 
 4. Alexander ego sum ! non nosti nomen meum ? 
 
 5. Pompeius maioribus itineribus Apolloniam petivit. 
 
 6. Nihil debet a iudicibus iustitiae anteponi. 
 
 7. Non fefelli opinionem tuam, barbaros vici. 
 
 8. Idem cotidie fecit ; mane epistulas scripsit, vesperi 
 
 corpus exercuit. 
 
 9. Eempublicam summa sapientia triginta iam annos 
 
 rexerat. 
 
 10. Legiones, ut supra docuimus, se coniunxerunt. 
 
 11. Veni ad me cum omnibus libris tuis ! 
 
 12. Ad tempus non veni; amicus iam ad urbem ierat. 
 
 (18.) 
 
 1. The soldiers pitched their camp far from the city. 
 
 2. Your hope deceives you ; no one has come. 
 
 ' c 
 
18 LATIN COURSE SEC. 6 
 
 3. He sent the sister home, the brother into the 
 
 woods. 
 
 4. Only a few soldiers were embarked on the ships. 
 
 5. It was yesterday I went to the city you know 
 
 the rest. 
 
 6. We did the same thing every day : we read 
 
 books. 
 
 7. I have already lived twenty years in this city. 
 
 8. (As) judges, we preferred nothing to justice. 
 
 9. We have conquered ; many of the enemy we have 
 
 slain, many we bring bound. 
 
 10. I sought the consulship in vain; I was not known 
 to the people. 
 
 (19.) 
 
 1. I cito, Caesarem de hac re fac certiorem. 
 
 2. Hostes, ab equitibus fugati, statim terga verterunt. 
 
 3. Quid ! nonne debitam pecuniam solvisti ? 
 
 4. Quid ! capite aperto es ? nonne solem times ? 
 
 5. Puer tandem in conclavi meo repertus est. 
 
 6. Omnes captivos vinxit, et ad imperatorem duxit. 
 
 7. Vicistisne, milites ? Vicimus, sed dux interfectus 
 
 est. 
 
 8. Legi tuam epistulam ; sensi te non valere. 
 
 9. Legistine librum ? Intellexistine quae legisti ? 
 
 10. Alii legerunt, alii scripserunt, alii corpus exer- 
 
 cuerunt. 
 
 11. Quid fecisti? Lapides in aquam ieci. 
 
 12. Nostri, simul atque vicerunt, firmissimum foedus 
 
 cum hostibus fecerunt. 
 
SEC. 6 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES 19 
 
 (20.) 
 
 1. Some were found in the wood, others in the garden. 
 
 2. Why do you stand bare-headed ? Who told you (to)? 
 
 3. Why have you opened the window ? Do you not 
 
 feel the cold ? 
 
 4. The barbarians threw themselves into the sea. 
 
 5. I have read your letter, but I did not understand 
 
 it all. 
 
 6. The one was slain, the other found safety in flight. 
 
 7. We shall not fear the enemy, whom we have often 
 
 conquered. 
 
 8. What shall I do ? He has not paid the money. 
 
 9. The tribunes of the soldiers informed Caesar of 
 
 these matters. 
 
 10. You, soldiers, why have you turned your backs? 
 What do you fear ? Have you not often con- 
 quered ? 
 
 VII. 
 
 Themistocles interroganti utrum Achilles esse mallet 
 an Homerus respondit : " Tu vero mallesne te in Olym- 
 piaco certamine victorem renuntiari, an praeco esse qui 
 victorum nomina proclamat ? " 
 
 VIII. 
 
 Iphicrates, dux Atheniensium, cum praesidio te- 
 neret Corinthum et sub adventu hostium ipse vigilias 
 
20 LATIN COURSE 
 
 circumiret, vigilem quemdam dormientem invenerat. 
 Hasta transfixit. Quod factum quibusdam ut saevum 
 exprobrantibus, " Qualem inveni," inquit, " talem re- 
 liqui." 
 
 IX. 
 
 Pyrrhus rex Epiri, cum in Italia esset, audivit Ta- 
 rentinos quosdam iuvenes in convivio parum honorifice 
 de se locutos esse. Eos igitur ad se arcessitos percunc- 
 tatus est num dixissent ea quae ad aures suas perven- 
 issent. Turn unus ex his "Nisi" inquit "vinum nobis 
 defecisset multo etiam plura et graviora in te locuturi 
 eramus." Haec criminis excusatio iram regis in risum 
 convertit. 
 
 X. 
 
 Philosophus quidam tantum studio deditus est 
 ut cetera omnia prorsus ignoraret. Viso puero quodam, 
 dum in via ambulat, quaesivisse dicitur : " Tu, parve 
 puer, quod tibi nomen ? " Eespondit puer : " At, mi 
 pater, nlius tuus ego sum, nomine Octavus." 
 
 XI. 
 
 lam barbam cuiusdam raserat tonsor quaesiveratque 
 num quid eorum quae in tonstrina essent desideraret ; 
 unguentorum enim atque optimorum quidem copiam 
 esse maximam. Negavit tamen ille sib iquidquam opus 
 esse, rogavitque : " Quantum tibi me dare oportet ? " 
 " Da modo, domine," inquit, " quidquid soles ei qui 
 barbam totonderit." " Quid ! tibi vulnus in utraque 
 gena vis ? " Scilicet suam ipse barbam tondere solitus 
 est, neque novacula scienter utebatur. 
 
SEC. 7 IRREGULAR VERBS POSSUM, ETC. 21 
 
 SECTION 7. 
 
 IRREGULAR VERBS (Continued). 
 Possum Volo Nolo Malo 
 
 Some of the irregularities of possum will be explained 
 by the fact that possum is a contraction for potis-sum. 
 (Potissum is used in the oldest Latin.) 
 
 Parts of the present tense of the other three verbs 
 
 volo vis vult volumus vultis volunt 
 
 nolo nonvis nonvult nolumus nonvultis nolunt 
 malo mavis mavult malumus mavultis malunt 
 
 show that they are related to one another. Nolo is 
 shortened for ne-volo (ne = non), and malo for mage-volo. 
 
 (21.) 
 
 1. Num. potes, inquit, omnia quae te magister docuit 
 
 memoria tenere ? 
 
 2. Eomam quam celerrime potui veni ; Balbum videre 
 
 volui. 
 
 3. Caesar quam proxime poterat hostium castris 
 
 castra ponebat. 
 
 4. Neque in silva neque in horto ilium florem reperire 
 
 potuerant. 
 
 5. Quaesivit ex me " Gaiumne vidisti ? " Quid 
 
 respondisti ? " Gaium non novi," respondi. 
 
22 LATIN COURSE SEC. 7 
 
 6. Visne mecum ad summum collem ire ? Claudus 
 
 __ altero pede sum ; non possum, Quinte. 
 *7. j Pater ilium alterum filium qui mortuus est secum 
 omni tempore volebat esse.l 
 
 8. " Faciam quod vultis, ut potero," respondit Marcus. 
 
 9. Non patriae solum sed tua ipsius causa hoc velle 
 
 debes. 
 
 10. Ille puer legere quam corpus exercere mavult. 
 
 11. Noli divitias sapieiitiae anteponere. Quid divitiis 
 
 incertius esse potest ? 
 
 12. ISTolet mane venire, patrem exspectat. 
 
 13. Malent cum pauperibus quam cum divitibus 
 
 vivere. 
 
 14. Tibi adesse, inquit, neque potero neque volam. 
 
 15. Verum audire volumus, inquit; legistine librum 
 
 et intellexisti ? 
 
 (22.) 
 
 1. Can you not, boys, remember the things which 
 
 your father told you ? 
 
 2. "We cannot come to Rome very quickly," he 
 
 answered. 
 
 3. He was putting the flowers as near as he could 
 
 to the tree. 
 
 4. They could not open the window. 
 
 5. Do you wish to come with us to the city ? I 
 
 wish, but I am not able. 
 
 6. " We will do," he said, " what you wish, as far as 
 
 we shall be able." 
 
 7. He will be unwilling to seek aid from Caesar. 
 
SEC. 8 IRKEGULAR VERBS FERO, ETC. 23 
 
 8. Do not despise the poor: we ought to prefer 
 
 wisdom to riches. 
 
 9. He will choose rather to go to the city than to 
 
 remain at home. 
 
 10. He will neither be able nor willing to understand 
 
 this book. 
 
 11. He inquired of me : " You have not seen Gaius ? " 
 
 " I have not seen him," I answered. 
 
 12. Do not, friends, blame the slave; he has been 
 
 sufficiently punished already. 
 
 SECTION 8. 
 
 IRREGULAR VERBS (Continued). 
 Fero Fio Eo 
 
 The words which act as perfect and supine of ferro 
 belong really to another verb. 
 
 The verb fio acts, in some tenses as the passive of facio, 
 but facio has a perfect passive of its own, factus sum. 
 
 (23.) 
 
 1. Hi homines non possunt dolorem patienter ferre. 
 
 2. Hostes ne unum quidem impetum nostrorum 
 
 tulerunt. 
 
 3. Haec omnia et fert patienter et feret ; vir fortis est. 
 
 4. Illi pueri in dies nobis molestiores fiunt ; puniri 
 
 debent. 
 
 5. Multae eruptiones ex oppido cotidie factae sunt. 
 
24 LATIN COURSE SEC. 8 
 
 6. Hie Londinium, ille Lutetiam it. 
 
 7. Dominus foras it, servus domum redit. 
 
 8. Cras ad urbem ibo : nonne tu mecum ibis ? 
 
 9. Omnia iam vidimus, inquit; domum redeamus. 
 
 10. Ubi est frater tuus? Abiit Quando redibit ? 
 
 Nescio. 
 
 11. Non poterat omnia secum ferre. 
 
 12. Multi volunt sapientes fieri, pauci fiunt. 
 
 13. Legati Eomam ad Caesarem venerunt et pacem 
 
 petierunt. 
 
 14. Quaesivit ex me : " Librine iam reperti sunt ? " 
 
 15. Undique uno tempore in hostes impetus factus est. 
 
 (24) 
 
 1. We are not able to bear such great sufferings 
 
 patiently. 
 
 2. The Gauls did not endure even one charge of the 
 
 Eomans. 
 
 3. These things they are bearing, and will bear 
 
 patiently. 
 
 4. That girl becomes more beautiful day by day. 
 
 5. Some go to Paris, others to London. 
 
 6. Who has been made consul ? I do not know. 
 
 7. In the winter he will go to the city, and in the 
 
 spring he will .return home. 
 
 8. Your brother will not carry everything with him. 
 
 9. In vain were many charges made on the enemy. 
 
 10. "It is already time to go away," he said; "let us go!" 
 
 11. Balbus is both now bearing these things patiently 
 
 ; and will always. 
 
SEC. 8 IRREGULAR VERBS 25 
 
 12. You did not, did you, girls, carry these burdens 
 with you to the city ? 
 
 (25.) 
 
 1. " Quid fieri debet ?" quaeris ; nolo respondere. 
 
 2. Omnes, ut fit, una responderunt. 
 
 3. Mi f rater, eamus statim ad urbern! Fiat, ibo 
 
 tecum. 
 
 4. Omnia ab his diligenter ad diem facta sunt. 
 
 5. Quid fiet illo homine ? pecuniam non reddidit. 
 
 6. Quid illo puero fiet ? pater rem graviter fert. 
 
 7. I, puer, fer haec ad matrem ; redi celeriter. 
 
 8. Tantum laborem diutius ferre non potero. 
 
 9. Simul atque magister venit, pueri, ut fit, tacuerunt. 
 
 1 0. Tantum frigus ferre non potero ; quid me fiet ? 
 
 11. Aulus magnos lapides in aves iacit: idem hoc fit 
 
 a ceteris. 
 
 12. Cur ad diem non venisti ? Volui, sed non potui. 
 
 13. Dominus a servis per oppidum latus est. 
 
 14. Dixit Populum Eomanum id factum non esse 
 
 laturum. 
 
 (26.) 
 
 1. All, as usual, wished to do the same things. 
 
 2. Brother, we will go home. By all means, let us 
 
 go at once. 
 
 3. Why has not this been done on the proper day, 
 
 slaves ? 
 
 4. What will become of your brother ? he is never 
 
 silent. 
 
 5. Every one was much distressed at this matter. 
 
26 LATIN COURSE 
 
 6. He never goes into the country in the winter; he 
 
 fears the cold. 
 
 7. This tree will become greater day by day. 
 
 8. When will she return ? She will not return to-day. 
 
 9. On the following day the whole army returned to 
 
 the camp. 
 
 10. Caesar has not been informed of this matter. 
 
 11. The king was carried to the harbour by the 
 
 citizens. 
 
 12. This load had been carried by two slaves. 
 
 XII. 
 
 A Few Words with an Invalid. 
 
 A. Eectene vales ? 
 
 B. Sip ut antehac peius nunquam. 
 
 A. Eem mihi quam acerbam narras ! Bono sis animo 
 
 oportet ; multum iuvat animus in re mala 
 bonus. Quid morbi est ? 
 
 B. ISTescio et hoc laboro periculosius. 
 
 A. Verum ; nam ad sanitatem gradus est novisse 
 
 morbum. Nullosne consuluisti medicos ? 
 
 B. Et quidem permultos. 
 
 A. Quid respondent ? 
 
 B. Ut fit, respondent. Alius negat, alius ait, alius 
 
 deliberandum censet. In hoc consentiunt 
 omnes me miserum esse. 
 ' A. Diu est, quod teneris isto morbo ? 
 B. Mihi quidem saeculum videtur quod aegrotare coepi. 
 
SEC. 9 DEPONENT VERBS 27 
 
 A. Opinor febris esse speciem, quae te tenet. 
 
 B. Verum, et ego credo. 
 
 A. Quoto die recurrit dolor ? 
 
 B. Quoto die ? rogas ; immo quotidie. 
 
 A. Papae ! malum abominandum ! Unde suspicaris 
 
 hoc esse collectum mali ? 
 
 B. Prorsus ignoro. lam recurrit dolor. Me miserum ! 
 
 SECTION 9. 
 DEPONENT VERBS. 
 
 Some verbs in Latin are passive in form but active in 
 meaning ; sequor, for instance, does not mean " I am fol- 
 lowed," but " I follow." 
 
 (27.) 
 
 1. Multae res ad hoc consilium Gallos hortabantur. 
 
 2. Caesar eodem die quo profectus erat ad castra 
 
 rediit. 
 
 3. Pompeius Luceria proficiscitur Canusium atque 
 
 inde Brundisium. 
 
 4. Multum temporis, inquit, ab illis pueris perditurn 
 
 est. 
 
 5. Falsus es, nunquam ego talia locutus sum. 
 
 6. Quid tibi dixit? Multa verba locutus est, 
 
 quorum maiorem partem non intellexi. 
 
 7. Ea quae secuta est aestate Caesar et Pompeius 
 
 consules facti sunt. 
 
28 LATIN COUESE SEC. 9 
 
 8. " Quis mecum ad summum collem ibit ? " dixi ; 
 
 panel me sequi voluerunt. 
 
 9. Milites cladem graviter tulerunt ; frustra imperator 
 
 eos hortatus est. 
 
 10. Caesar, quod hoc factum graviter tulit, legates ad 
 
 se adire non est passus. 
 
 11. Multae civitates ea patiebantur quae passi erant 
 
 Cordubenses. 
 
 12. Caesar eodem itinere quo superiore anno usus erat 
 
 uti noluit. 
 
 13. His navibus multis annis non usi erant. 
 
 14. "Hostes victi sunt," respondit; a rex ad castra 
 
 profectus est." 
 
 15. Quid te fiet, puer? frustra te magister hortatus 
 
 est, frustra es a patre monitus. 
 
 (28.) 
 
 1. The general often encourages his soldiers. 
 
 2. He has spoken a great many words on this 
 
 matter. 
 
 3. Pompeius set out to Dyrrhachium by a difficult 
 
 route. 
 
 4. Caesar has set out to Apollonia with a part of his 
 
 forces. 
 
 5. Many citizens were following the army. 
 
 6. "A few only," he said, " followed me." 
 
 7. I shall never suffer severer (trials). 
 
 8. He did not permit his slaves to approach him. 
 
 9. I shall not use the same route to-day. 
 
 10. I have not used this sword for many years. 
 
DEPONENT VERBS 29 
 
 (29.) 
 
 1. Caesar ordered all the fleet to follow him. 
 
 2. The windows have been opened a long time. 
 
 3. I have never used a worse sword. 
 
 4. All the money has now been returned. 
 
 5. He spoke much ; nobody listened. 
 
 6. What was said to you by that person ? 
 *7. We set out from the city at midnight. 
 
 8. That boy has not been found, has he? 
 
 9. The slave was brought to his master. 
 
 10. You will never undergo severer trials, my friends. 
 
 (30.) 
 
 1. The boys become lazier day by day. 
 
 2. Who allowed you to remain at home ? 
 
 3. Were you not sent to the city ? Why have you 
 
 not set out ? 
 
 4. Our friend went into the country yesterday ; we 
 
 shall follow to-morrow. 
 5^ A few soldiers only were unwilling to set out. 
 
 6. The boy uses his hands very well ; he does not 
 
 know (how) to use his eyes. 
 
 7. Many men have suffered the things which you 
 
 now suffer. 
 
 8. The ambassadors were bound and led to Caesar. 
 
 9. No one wants to set out : the king exhorts the 
 
 soldiers in vain. 
 10. Who was talking? I don't know, I was silent. 
 
30 LATIN COURSE SEC. 10 
 
 SECTION 10. 
 EECAPITULATORY EXERCISES. 
 
 (31.) 
 
 1. Ego longum difficilemque laborem mox confecero. 
 
 2. Haec non debes graviter ferre ; non possumus 
 
 omnem dolorem vitare. 
 
 3. Quid de me locutus est ?-^-Te etiam atque etiam 
 
 laudavit. 
 
 4. Volucres, simul atque ver venit, in silvis canunt. 
 
 5. Germani ingenti magnitudine corporis esse dice- 
 
 bantur. 
 
 6. Sermo facetus illius iuvenis saepe risum movit. 
 
 7. Cotidie castra mota sunt ; qua de causa nescia 
 
 8. Vidimus Caesarem media nocte castris proficisci. 
 
 9. Cum omnibus fere nationibus bellum gestum est a 
 
 Eomanis. 
 
 10. Imperatorum Eomanorum alter semper vicit, alter 
 
 semper victus est. * ^\ 
 
 11. Alios eodem loco manere, alios celeriter se sequi 
 
 iussit. 
 
 12. Quis te istos mores docuit ? statim fenestram 
 /* aperi ! 
 
 13( Castra defendamus !^ Quid! nonne praestat fuga 
 
 salutem petere ? j\ 
 
 14. Quid de me fiet ? li^os^meos reperire non possum. 
 15.' Hie consul factus est;] ilium spes fefellit, rem 
 
 graviter fert. 
 
SEC. 10 EECAPITULATOKY EXERCISES 31 
 
 (32.) 
 
 1. The ships were not able to reach the land. 
 
 2. Do not ask for help ; you will be able to conquer 
 
 (by) yourself. 
 
 3. The enemy's general encouraged his fellow-citizens 
 
 in a long speech. 
 
 4. What will become of my son? he grows more 
 
 idle day by day. 
 
 5. That tribe does not know (how) to use darts. 
 
 6. Some gave themselves up, others sought safety in 
 
 flight. 
 
 7. The one read a book, the other wrote a letter. 
 
 8. At daybreak the soldiers launched the ships of 
 
 war. 
 
 9. The prisoners were bound and led into the prison. 
 
 10. One of the slaves put the books on the table, the 
 
 other slept. 
 
 11. The boy was not able to collect his thoughts. 
 
 12. The soldiers of the fifth legion were put on board 
 
 ship. 
 
 (33.) 
 
 1. Captivorum circiter viginti milia Haeduis Arver- 
 
 nisque reddidit. 
 
 2. Quis te, puer, docuit ? neque Latine neque Graece 
 
 scis. 
 
 3. Ad diem non venit ; qua de causa nescio. 
 
 4. Vidimus ducem prima J0ttei^*cum omnibus copiis 
 
 proficisci. 
 
32 LATIN COURSE SEC. 10 
 
 5. Eomani cuin omnibus fere nationibus bellum 
 
 gesserint. 
 
 6. Simul atque Caesar venit, celeriter ad suos quisque 
 
 ordines rediit. 
 
 7. Tarsus oppidum fere totius Ciliciae nobilissimum 
 
 fuit. 
 
 8. Ita milites hortatus est : " Et haec et maiora etiam 
 
 mala passi sumus." 
 
 9. Non me fefellit dies ; hodie profectus est Caesar. 
 
 10. Adventum eius non diutius exspectabo. Cur ad 
 
 diem non venit? 
 
 11. Tres noctis horas militibus ad quietem datae sunt. 
 
 12. Copias omnes, quas pro oppido collocaverat, in 
 
 castra reduxit. 
 
 13. Quid ! fuga salutem petetis ? Nonne est fuga tur- 
 
 pissima ? 
 
 14. Nemo, ut fit, respondere voluit; omnes tacuerunt. 
 
 15. Media nocte omnes domi manere quam foras 
 
 exire malumus. 
 
 (34.) 
 
 1. These men have led a very disgraceful life. 
 
 2. That boy never has anything on his head. 
 
 3. These trees are being moved by the wind. 
 
 4. The boy's bones were found by the traveller on 
 
 the top of the mountain. 
 
 5. The soldiers were not able to keep their ranks. 
 
 6. A large number of young men stood around. 
 
 7. They cannot support the burden of taxes. 
 
 8. Follow the ancient manners of your ancestors ! 
 
SEC. 10 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES 33 
 
 9. I want to sleep ; I am tired ; I shall not be able 
 to go with you. 
 
 10. I have conquered, you have been conquered. 
 
 11. The king of the enemy has surrounded his camp 
 
 with 'a long and broad rampart. 
 
 12. One followed, the other remained at home. 
 
 (35.) 
 
 1. Nautae omnia litora illius maris optime noverunt. 
 
 2. Ad pontem venerunt, qui erat ab oppido milia 
 
 passuum circiter my 
 
 3. Eum omnium laborum finem fore putabant. 
 
 4. Haec graviter tuli ; multorum mensium labor per- 
 
 ditus est. 
 
 5. Helvetii angustos se fines habere putaverunt. 
 
 6. Hannibal militibus, quod fessi erant, paucorum 
 
 dierum quietem dedit. 
 
 7. Ego mei, vos vestri, inquit, similes fuistis. 
 
 8; Celeris Gallorum victoria nostram opinionem fefellit. 
 9. Germanos ingenti magnitudine corporis esse audi- 
 vimus. 
 
 10. Eeliqua multitude puerorum mulierumque fugit. 
 
 11. Diebus xxv aggerem latum pedes cccxxx, altum 
 
 pedes LXXX, fecerunt. 
 
 12. Sermo facetus illius iuvenis saepe risum movet. 
 
 13. Hae gentes frumentum sub terra condebant. 
 
 1 4. Puer, i statim ad oppidum. Non novi viam Ego 
 
 te docebo. 
 
 15. Cur hue venisti ? venire non iussi. Pater me ad 
 
 te misit. 
 
 D 
 
34 LATIN COURSE SEO. 10 
 
 (36.) 
 
 1. All the prisoners have been given back. 
 
 2. No one has suffered greater evils than I. 
 
 3. Only a short time was given me for -rest. 
 
 4. He prefers to start at once. 
 
 5. Nobody spoke ; all waited. 
 
 6. He did not know the way ; I showed him. 
 
 7. " I know the man," I answered ; " I see him every 
 
 day." 
 
 8. He used his sword in vain. t 
 
 9. Give back the book ; I want to use it. 
 
 10. Who inquired this of you ? 
 
 11. What did your friend answer ? He was silent. 
 
 12. They have turned their back ; they have been con- 
 
 quered. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 Asking for a Holiday. 
 SCENE I. The Schoolroom. 
 
 Puer I. lamdudum et animus et caelum et dies in- 
 
 vitat ad ludendum ! 
 Puer II. Invitant quidem haec omnia, sed solus prae- 
 
 ceptor non invitat. 
 Puer I. Subornandus est orator quispiam qui veniam 
 
 extorqueat. 
 Puer II. Apte quidem dictum " extorqueat;" nam citius 
 
 clavam extorseris e manu Herculis, quam ab 
 
 hoc ludendi veniam. At olim illo nemo fuit 
 
 ludendi avidior. 
 
SEC. 10 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES 35 
 
 Puer I. Verum ; sed iam olim ille oblitus est se fuisse 
 puerum. Ad verbera facillimus est et liber- 
 alis, hie parcissimus idemque difficillimus. 
 
 Puer II. Attain en quis ad eum legatus ire vnlt ? 
 
 Puer I. Eat qui volet : ego carere malo quam rogare. 
 
 Puer II. Nemo magis accommodus est ad hanc lega- 
 tionem quam Codes. 
 
 Puer I. Nemo profecto : I, Codes, ab omnibus nobis 
 magnam initurus gratiam. 
 
 Codes. Equidem experiar : verum si non successerit, ne 
 conferte culpam in oratorem vestrum ! 
 
 Pueri. I modo ; si. te satis novimus impetrabis. 
 
 SCENE II. The Master's Study. 
 
 Codes. Salve, praeceptor ! 
 
 Paeclagogus (to himself). Quid sibi vult nugamentum 
 
 hominis ? 
 
 Cod. Salve, praeceptor venerande ! 
 Paed. (to himself). Insidiosa civilitas ! (To the boy). 
 
 Satis iam salveo ! Die quid velis. 
 Cod. Totus discipulorum tuorum grex orat ludendi 
 
 veniam. 
 
 Paed. Nihil aliud quam luditis etiam absque venia. 
 Cod. Scit tua prudentia vigorem ingeniorum excitari 
 
 moderate lusu, quemadmodum nos docuisti ex 
 
 scriptore Latino. 
 Paed. Sane ut istud tenes quod pro te facit ! Laxa- 
 
 mento opus est iis, qui vehementer laborant ; 
 
 vobis qui segniter studetis, et acriter luditis 
 
 freno magis opus est quam laxatis habenis. 
 
36 LATIN COUKSE SEC. 11 
 
 Cod. Adnitimur pro viribus ; quid adhuc cessatum est, 
 post diligentia sarcietur. 
 
 Paed. Scio quam non sit tutum tibi credere ; tamen hie 
 periculum faciam quam sis bonae fidei. Et si de- 
 deris verba, posthac nequidquam me cum egeris. 
 
 SCENE III. The Schoolroom. 
 
 Cod. Exoravi, quamquam aegre ! 
 
 Pueri. lepidum caput ! omnes amamus te plurimum ! 
 
 SECTION 11. 
 PARTICIPLES. 
 
 THE PRESENT ACTIVE AND PAST PASSIVE. 
 
 Deponent verbs, being active in meaning, have a present 
 participle of the active voice. 
 
 (37.) 
 
 1. Milites clamorem undique tollere iussit. 
 
 2. Ego, inquit, cum sola decima legione iturus sum. 
 
 3. T. Ampius pecuniam ex fano Dianae tollens " Deos 
 
 non timeo " i nc L u %^Jtefc 
 
 4. Altera ex duabus legionTbus ex castris Yarronis 
 
 signa sustulit. 
 
 5. Adventu Caesaris omnis timor sublatus est. 
 
 6. Frater, ad oppidum iens, amicum tuum redeuntem 
 
 vidit. 
 
SEC. 11 PARTICIPLES 37 
 
 7. Imperator, a nuntio certior factus, celeriter ad 
 
 castra rediit. 
 
 8. Nauta, ancoram tollens, " Valete," dixit, " amici." 
 
 9. Magister pueros, cop>ajaes loqui, tacere iussit. 
 JJL Milites, redire iussi, ad castra profecti sunk" 
 
 11. Viatores, a rege moniti, alio itinere progredie- 
 
 bantur. 
 
 12. Segesta est oppidum in Sicilia, quod ab Aenea, 
 
 fugiente a Troia atque in haec loca veniente, 
 conditum est. 
 
 13. Germanos, per vim transire conantes, adoriebantur. 
 
 14. Equites contra hostes euntes vidimus. 
 
 15. Eum frustra loqui conantem servi, a domino iussi, 
 
 vinxerunt. 
 
 16. Nos, contra regem bellum gerentes, multa mala 
 
 passi sumus. 
 
 17. Puer, a patre missus, media nocte ad oppidum venit. 
 
 18. Propter ea quae ferebant onera longius sequi non \ 
 
 poterant._) 
 
 19. Milites e castris proficiscentes hostes adorti sunt. 
 
 20. A flumine progredientes hostes adorti sumus. 
 
 (38.) 
 
 1. The citizens raised loud shouts. 
 
 2. (Some) money was removed by Titus Ampius from 
 
 the shrine of Diana. 
 
 3. I saw the boy standing in the water. 
 
 4. We saw the slave escaping to the temple. 
 
 5. Seeking gold, we have found stones. 
 
 6. We heard the soldiers raising shouts. 
 
38 LATIN COURSE SEC. 11 
 
 7. The boy being unwilling to follow, remained at 
 
 home. 
 
 8. Did you see my friend going to the city ? 
 
 9. They attacked the soldiers returning to their camp. 
 10. The soldier returning to the camp saw nothing. 
 
 It will have been found, in translating sentence 6, for 
 instance, of the preceding Latin exercise, No. 37, that it is 
 better to say " As my brother was going to the town he 
 saw your friend returning," than "My brother going to 
 the town saw," etc. So in the , following exercise such 
 English phrases can be turned by the use of the present 
 participle in Latin. 
 
 (39.) 
 
 1. The horseman, quickly following, came in time. 
 2 As my friend was going to Eome he saw you re- 
 turning. 
 
 3. Segesta was founded by Aeneas as he was escaping 
 
 from Troy. 
 
 4. He attacked the Gauls as they were trying to cross. 
 
 5. I saw the army as it was returning to the camp. 
 
 6. They bound him, vainly endeavouring (as he was) 
 
 to answer. 
 
 7. We attacked the enemy as he was setting out 
 
 from the camp. 
 
 8. While making war against the king we suffered 
 
 many defeats. 
 
 9. We saw your sister as she was returning home 
 
 with her mother. 
 1 0. Who can endure that man when speaking of virtue ? 
 
SEC. 12 PARTICIPLES 39 
 
 (40.) 
 
 1. The soldiers, having been ordered to follow, set out. 
 
 2. The travellers, having been warned by their friend, 
 
 returned by another route. 
 
 3. The enemy, having been conquered, asked for 
 
 peace. 
 
 4. The boy came to us, sent by his father. 
 
 5. The soldiers as they were returning from the 
 
 battle raised a shout. 
 
 6. The captives were sent bound to the king. 
 
 7. Having been conquered ourselves, we now are con- 
 
 quering others. 
 
 8. We shall attack the enemy as he is advancing 
 
 to the river. 
 
 9. The general, having been informed of the enemy's 
 
 jnarch, advanced. 
 
 10. Did you not see the soldiers advancing to the 
 enemy's camp ? 
 
 SECTION 12. 
 PARTICIPLES (Continued). 
 
 THE PAST PARTICIPLE DEPONENT AND PASSIVE. 
 
 There is an awkward want in Latin of a past participle 
 of the active voice. " Having loved," for example, has no 
 direct Latin equivalent, but must be turned in some round- 
 about way. The passive voice, however, has this participle, 
 " having been loved " is amatus. 
 
40 LATIN COURSE SEC. 12 
 
 Some few verbs, however, have this past participle active, 
 namely, deponent verbs. " Having followed " is secutus. 
 
 " Having " or " having been " will not always be the 
 most suitable English for the past participle deponent or 
 passive. In the first sentence below say " after delaying ; " 
 and in the following, " though ordered," " because he de- 
 layed," "if she is ordered," "without awaiting," "which 
 had been looked for," etc. 
 
 (41.) 
 
 1. Ibi diu morati tandem proficisci constituerunt. 
 
 2. Puer, proficisci iussus, domi moratus est. 
 
 3. Gaius, diu domi moratus, tempore non venit. 
 
 4. lussa filia ad matrem ibit. 
 
 5. Frater me non exspectans domum lit. 
 
 6. Hie libros antea frustra quaesitos repperit. 
 
 7. Amici mei domum redeuntes a praedonibus capti 
 
 sunt. 
 
 8. Captivos vinxit; vinctos ad regem duxit. 
 
 9. Castra hostium ante oppidum posita vidit. 
 
 10. Ea dies quam cum legatis constituerat venit. 
 
 11. Eoma profecti post paucos dies Lutetiam venimus. 
 
 12. Adventus legion um. j^^m- fit, omnem timorern 
 
 sustulit. 
 
 13. Pueri et senes propter aetatem arma ferre non 
 
 poterant. 
 
 14. Bellum interea contra Eomanos gerere consti- 
 
 tuerant. 
 
 15. Hostes, ex finibus suis progressi, nostros adoriri 
 
 voluerunt. 
 
 16. Galli Eomanos post tergum adoriri conati sunt. 
 
SEC. 12 PARTICIPLES 41 
 
 17. Eodem itinere usi celeriter ad urbem venimus. 
 
 18. Hunc loqui nou passus, ilium non patiar. 
 
 19. Equites omnes ante se misit, pedites seqiii iussit. 
 
 20. Eomae, ut constituerat, paucos dies raoratus Brun- 
 
 disium profectus est. 
 
 (42.) 
 
 1. Having set out in the morning, they returned 
 
 home in the evening. 
 
 2. Having advanced for a long time, he came to a 
 
 river. 
 
 3. Having attacked the Gauls, we went back to the 
 
 camp. 
 
 4. Having encouraged his soldiers, 'he ordered (them) 
 
 to set out. 
 
 5. Having been often deceived by that man, I can- 
 
 not praise him. 
 
 6. Having been informed of the arrival of the legions, 
 
 the general set out. 
 
 7. Having endured worse things, I can endure this. 
 
 8. Meanwhile, having delayed a long time at Rome, 
 
 we determined to return. 
 
 9. Having tried in vain to advance, they determined 
 
 to stay there. 
 
 10. The soldiers, having been put on board the ships, 
 raised a shout. 
 
 (43.) 
 
 1. After delaying (i.e. having delayed) a long while 
 at Rome, they determined to return home. 
 
42 LATIN COUESE SEC. 12 
 
 2. Though ordered (i.e. having been ordered) to go, 
 
 they delayed there. 
 
 3. Why have you come to me ? I come because I 
 
 was sent (i.e. having been sent) by my mother. 
 
 4. If ordered (i.e. having been ordered), the slave will 
 
 come to you at once. 
 
 5. Having attacked the enemy in the rear, they 
 
 returned to their camp. 
 
 6. He sent one of the slaves before him, the other he 
 
 ordered to follow. 
 
 7. Because he had delayed (i.e. having delayed) there 
 
 a long time, he determined to return at once. 
 
 8. Meanwhile, after attacking (i.e. having attacked) 
 
 the cavalry, they advanced to the town. 
 
 9. As I have been ordered (i.e. having been ordered) 
 
 to see everything, I shall delay for a few days 
 in this city. 
 
 10. After encouraging (i.e. having encouraged) the 
 soldiers, he determined to advance. 
 
 (44) 
 
 1. After advancing three miles we came to the 
 
 enemy's camp. 
 
 2. Having in vain tried to understand the book, we 
 
 came back. 
 
 3. We were not able to find the book, though we 
 
 tried often. 
 
 4. After being conquered we have conquered. 
 
 5. We did not see the king, though we delayed in 
 
 the city for many days. 
 
 6. Ordered to return, he immediately set out. 
 
SEC. 12 PARTICIPLES 43 
 
 7. After their defeat 1 the Germans gave themselves up. 
 
 8. I did not understand though I tried. 
 
 9. We did not come in time, because we delayed 2 at 
 
 Tarentum. 
 
 10. I cannot come to you because I have determined 
 to return at once. 
 
 XIV. 
 
 Papyrus. 
 
 In palustribus Aegypti regionibus papyrus nascitur. 
 Eadicibus incolae pro ligno utuntur; ex ipso autem 
 papyro navigia texunt, e libro vela tegetes vestem ac 
 funes. Succi causa etiam mandunt, modo crudum, 
 modo decoctum. Praeparantur ex eo etiam chartae. 
 Chartae ex papyro usus post Alexandri demum vic- 
 torias repertus est. Primo enim scriptum in palmarum 
 foliis ; deinde in libris quarundam arborum ; postea 
 publica monumenta plumbeis tabulis confici aut mar- 
 moribus mandari coepti sunt. Tandem aemulatio regum 
 Ptolemaei et Eumenis in bibliothecis condendis occasion- 
 em dedit membranas Pergami inveniendi. Ab eo tempore 
 libri modo in charta ex papyro facta, modo in membranis 
 scripti sunt. 
 
 XV. 
 
 The Crocodile. 
 
 Mltis crocodilum alit beluam quadrupedem, in 
 terra non minus quam in flumine hominibus infestam. 
 
 1 I.e. having been conquered. 
 
 2 Here the past participle ; but in the next sentence because must 
 be quod. Why ? 
 
44 LATIN COURSE SEC. 13 
 
 Unum hoc animal terrestre linguae usu caret ; dentium 
 plures habet ordines ; maxilla inferior est immobilis. 
 Magnitudine excedit plerumque duodeviginti cubita. 
 Parit ova anserinis non maiora. Unguibus etiam 
 armatus est et cute contra omnes ictus invicta. Dies 
 in terra agit, noctes in aqua. Cum satur est et in 
 litore somnum capit, ore hiante, trochilus, parva avis, 
 dentes ei faucesque purgat. Sed hiantem conspicatus 
 ichneumon per easdem fauces ut telum aliquod im- 
 missus erodit alvum. Hebetes oculos dicitur habere 
 in aqua, extra aquam acerrimosj 
 
 SECTION 13. 
 THE ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE. 
 
 The construction called " the Ablative Absolute " serves, 
 to some extent, to make up for the want of a past participle 
 of the active voice. The English, " Caesar, having settled 
 this matter, returned to the camp," cannot go straight into 
 Latin, because constitutus, the past participle of constituo, is 
 passive, and means " having been settled." But it can be 
 turned into Latin in this way, Caesar hac re constituta ad 
 castra rediit that is, " Caesar, this matter having been 
 settled, returned to the camp." 
 
 (45.) 
 
 1. Eomam venit : ibi de caede fratris cognoscit. 
 
 2. Pater, his rebus constitutis, non diutius moratus est. 
 
SEC. 13 THE ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE 45 
 
 3. His rebus cognitis hostes post tergum adorti sunt. 
 
 4. Haec res Caesari non minorem voluptatem quam 
 
 ipsa victoria affert. 
 
 5/ Amiens, hoc nuntio adlato, morari noluit pt J 
 \^ domum rediit. /^ 
 
 6. Barbari sua omnia ex agris in oppida conferebant. 
 
 7. Consul, hac oratione habita, domum se contulit. 
 
 8. Hoc nuntio audito barbari castra in campo posue- 
 
 runt. 
 
 9. Barbari, nostros frustra adorti, ad castra se contule- 
 
 runt. 
 
 10. His rebus adductus imperator Eomanus copias 
 
 suas in campum deducit. 
 
 11. Mater, lecta filii epistula, rem graviter tulit. 
 
 12. Servi, opere confecto, domum redire constituerunt. 
 
 13. Gaius, servis sequi iussis, rus est profectus. 
 
 14. Postero die Eomani, castris motis, hostes saepius 
 
 adorti sunt. 
 
 15. Nostri sublatis ancoris naves hostium celeriter 
 
 secuti sunt. 
 
 16. Ea spe adducti barbari se in proximos colles con- 
 
 tulerunt. 
 
 17. Illi, pecunia non reddita, in conspectum mercatoris 
 
 venire timuerunt. 
 
 18. Quibus rebus cognitis in conspectum hostium 
 
 celerius opinione eorum exercitum adduxit. 
 
 (46.) 
 
 1. This message having been brought, they moved 
 their camp. 
 
46 LATIN COURSE SEC. 13 
 
 2. This matter having been settled, we were unwilling 
 
 to set out. 
 
 3. Having learnt these facts, we did not delay (any) 
 
 longer. 
 
 4. Having delivered this speech, Caesar returned home. 
 
 5. The father, having read his son's letter, did not 
 
 delay. 
 
 6. Balbus, having ordered his slaves to follow, went 
 
 away to the country. 
 
 7. The friends, having finished the task, wrote many 
 
 letters. 
 
 8. The sailors having lifted their anchors, went away. 
 
 9. Not having given back the money, they did not 
 
 want to come back. 
 
 10. Having ordered his slaves to stay, he set out w r ith 
 
 his sons. 
 
 1 1 . Having moved their camp, they attacked the enemy. 
 
 12. Having done these things, I determined to return- 
 
 the money. 
 
 13. The soldiers, having raised a shout, departed. 
 
 14. Having put the soldiers on board ship, he could 
 
 not attack the enemy. 
 
 15. Having bound all the prisoners, he ordered the 
 
 soldiers to set out. 
 
 (47.) 
 
 1. Pueri, his rebus confectis, cursu se exercebant. 
 
 2. Barbari, urbe capta, ad proximos colles cucurrerunt. 
 
 3. Caesar, hoc nuntio adlato, naves omnes in unum 
 
 locum cogit. 
 
SEC. 13 THE ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE 47 
 
 4. Frater meus, bello confecto, domum rediit. 
 
 5. Nostri, terga vertere coacti, ad castra se con- 
 
 tulerunt. 
 
 6. Commisso praelio diutius nostrorum impetum 
 
 hostes ferre non potuerunt. 
 
 7. Caesar salutem suam Gallorum equitatui com- 
 
 mittere non audebat. 
 
 8. Eodem die legati, ab hostibus missi, ad Caesarem 
 
 de pace venemnt. 
 
 9. Suevi, more suo concilio habito, nuntios in omnes 
 
 partes dimiserunt. 
 
 10. Imperator, dimissis Haeduorum copiis, proelium 
 
 commisit. 
 
 11. Milites navi egredi et se barbaris committere non 
 
 audebant. 
 
 12. Barbari, paene omnibus copiis amissis, in suos 
 
 fines redire coacti sunt. 
 
 (48.) 
 
 1. When the war is finished we shall all return home. 
 
 2. Our men, after vainly attacking the enemy, ran 
 
 to the ships. 
 
 3. When I have written the letter, I will go with 
 
 you to the city. 
 
 4. The general, after encouraging his soldiers, ordered 
 
 them to attack the enemy. 
 
 5. The barbarians, having held a council, determined 
 
 to give battle. 
 
 6. The enemy, having been conquered in the battle 
 
 did not dare to return. 
 
48 LATIN COURSE tsEG. 14 
 
 7. As we know these facts, let us weigh anchor 
 
 and go. 
 
 8. The barbarians, after having yesterday in vain 
 
 tried to follow, will remain in their camp 
 to-day. 
 
 9. As we have determined on war, why do we delay 
 
 any longer ? 
 
 10. Having advanced to the river, they attacked our 
 
 men. 
 
 11. After sending messengers in all directions, they 
 
 were advancing to the city. 
 
 12. After dismissing two legions, he gave battle with 
 
 the rest. 
 
 SECTION 14. 
 
 THE ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE (Continued). 
 
 The construction of the Ablative Absolute is used also 
 with other participles, with adjectives, and with a few 
 nouns. For instance : illo absente means " He being absent," 
 i.e. "in his absence," " while he was away; " patre vivo, " my 
 father being alive," "in my father's lifetime," "while my 
 father was alive ; " te iudice, " you being judge," " in your 
 judgment." 
 
 (49.) 
 
 1. His rebus cognitis Caesar exercitum dimittere 
 
 coactus est. 
 
 2. Te duce host em non timebimus ; omnia facere 
 
 poterimus. 
 
SEC. 14 THE ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE 49 
 
 3. Me iudice illi pueri bene respondemnt. 
 
 4. Amicum e conspectu amisi meo : nuin tu eum 
 x vidisti ? ^ 
 
 5. Me invito non poteris fenestram aperire. 
 -, 6. Pueris iiobis boni mores in honor e erant. 
 
 7. His consulibus Eomani ab Hannibale victi sunt. 
 
 8. Patre vivo Eomae viximus. 
 
 9. Et me et te invitissimo hoc fiet. 
 
 10. Quern tecum adduxisti ? Gaio absente Balbum 
 
 adduxi. 
 
 11. Milites, absente Caesare, castra in campo posue- 
 
 runt. 
 
 12. Fratre absente constitui tamen ad te venire. 
 
 13. Matre invita Eomae diutius manere non potui. 
 
 14. Invitus te fefelli. Nemo me de hac re certiorem 
 
 fecit. 
 
 15. Isti clamores mihi dolorem capitis attulerunt. 
 
 Cur semper, magistro absente, clamatis ? 
 
 (50.) 
 
 1. Under your leadership we have both conquered 
 
 and been conquered. 
 
 2. In my judgment the slave answered very well. 
 
 3. If your father is unwilling you will not be able to 
 
 go to the city. 
 
 4. The queen died when we were boys. 
 
 5. In our father's lifetime we were rich ; we are now 
 
 poor. 
 
 6. In the absence of their master the boys were 
 
 never silent. 
 
 E 
 
50 LATIN COUKSE SEC. 15 
 
 7. As our mother is unwilling we cannot come to-day. 
 
 8. As your brother is away, will you not come with 
 
 us? 
 
 9. When these men were consuls Carthage was taken 
 
 by the Eomans. 
 
 10. In his judgment your sister bore her pain 
 
 patiently. 
 
 11. This thing was done in our absence. 
 
 12. As both father and mother are away I cannot 
 
 answer ; I will write to-morrow. 
 
 SECTION 15. 
 
 EECAPITULATORY EXERCISES ON THE ABLATIVE 
 ABSOLUTE AND PARTICIPLES. 
 
 (51.) 
 
 1. Agris hostium vastatis ad castra rediimus. 
 
 2. Obsidibus inter se datis pacem fecerunt. 
 
 3. Die constitute omnes in unum locum convenimus. 
 
 4. Frustra conatus te sequi invitus redii. 
 
 5. Castris munitis Caesar nuntios in omnes partes 
 
 misit. 
 
 6. Omnia uno tempore facere coacti sumus. 
 
 7. Duce graviter vulnerato milites terga verterunt. 
 
 8. Duo milia passuum progressi ad numen venimus. 
 
 9. Te absente proficisci non possum ; redi statim. 
 
 10. Custodibus interfectis portas urbis aperuimus. 
 
 11. Te duce saepe vicimus, nunquam victi sumus. 
 
 12. Patre tuo vivo pecunia semper ad diem solvebatur. 
 
SEC. 15 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES 51 
 
 13. Paucos dies Brundisii moratus Eomam me contuli. 
 
 14. Pjimis captis ceteri terga verterunt. 
 
 15./Hos Conon adortus magno praelio fundit fugatque.^) 
 
 (52.) 
 
 1. After wasting the lands they returned home. 
 
 2. On the appointed day we all went to the city. 
 
 3. After trying in vain to see you, we unwillingly 
 
 came back. 
 
 4. In my absence you will not, will you, pay the money ? 
 
 5. When their leader was taken the soldiers sur- 
 
 rendered themselves. 
 
 6. Have we not always been conquered under your 
 
 leadership ? 
 
 7. After advancing a mile they came to the enemy's 
 
 camp. 
 
 8. The money was paid in our presence. 
 
 9. If you are unwilling we will not go to-day. 
 
 10. After delaying a few days at Koine they came 
 back home. 
 
 (53.) 
 
 1. Barbari, hoc nuntio adlato, se Caesari dediderunt. 
 f "" ' 
 
 2. (Quid ! nobis non sentientibus, te loco movisti Is 
 
 3. Fuer ad me venit, a pa/Ere'missris. 
 
 4. His rebus cognitis, alii manent, alii proficiscuntur. 
 
 5. Viis.obsessis progredi non potuimus. 
 
 6. Porta frustra quaesita ibi manere coacti sumus. 
 
 7. Hi pueri, maiorem fratrem secuti, nunquam tern- 
 
 pore veniebant. 
 
52 LATIN COURSE SEC. 15 
 
 8. Optimum est tacere ; secundum pauca loqui. 
 
 9. Jis petentibus obsides omnes redditi sunt. 
 
 10/ Omnibus qui aderant sequentibus rex ex urbe 
 profectus est. 
 
 11. Pecuina non soluta, quid de nobis fiet ? 
 
 12. Oculis usus haec reperire poteris. 
 
 13. Simul atque me viderunt, servuin portam aperire 
 
 iusserunt. 
 
 14. Ceteros abire passus, duces in carcerem duxit. 
 
 15. Faciam quod vultis: his litteris scriptis in hortum 
 
 ibo. 
 
 (54.) 
 
 1. He opened the window without our noticing it. 
 
 2. The slave came to us, sent by his master. 
 
 3. The roads being blocked, we returned to the 
 
 camp. 
 
 4. If the money is not paid, we shall not be able to 
 
 set out. 
 
 5. The soldiers, following their leader, attacked the 
 
 enemy. 
 
 6. Knowing this and you being absent, we did 
 
 nothing. 
 
 7. I have come to you because I 'was sent by 
 
 my master. 
 
 8. We will do what you wish ; while you are away 
 
 we will open the window. 
 
 9. I gave him back his book, as he was asking for it. 
 10. The leader advanced, with all the soldiers . follow- 
 ing him. 
 
SEC. 15 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES 53 
 
 (55.) 
 
 1. Tempus perdis; ine invito non poteris fenestram 
 
 aperire. 
 
 2. Non possum, ut te saepe per litteras docui, fratre 
 
 absente Eomam ire. 
 
 3. Eae naves, quas heri in portu vidimus, iam sublatis 
 
 ancoris domum redierunt. 
 
 4. Haec urbs, in altissimo monte posita, capi non 
 
 poterat. / 
 
 5. Meum ipsius librum reperire frustra conatus, tuo 
 /' utar. 
 
 6. uEpliesum dd consulem paucos post dies obsides ab 
 
 rege adductisunt. 1 
 
 7. Legati, nihil ad ea respondentes, templo egredi 
 
 iussi sunt. 
 
 8. Anno urbis conditae CCCXLV reges expulsi sunt. 
 
 9. Quindecim milia talentorum dabitis; quingenta 
 
 praesentia, cetera per duodecim menses. 
 
 10. Territis omnibus ipse imperator solus non timuit. 
 
 11. Spes me fefellit; me vivo haec res non fiet. 
 
 12. Barbari, commoti quod castra capta sunt, domum 
 /-^ redierunt. 
 
 13. Contemptis iam victis hostibus impetum fecerunt. 
 
 14. Tertio libro lecto, quartum etiam legere conabimur. 
 
 15. His litteris acceptis non sumus morati; statim ad 
 
 te venimus. 
 
 (56.) 
 
 1. After vainly trying to speak, the orator departed. 
 
 2. What ! will you take my books against my will ? 
 
 You cannot. 
 
54 LATIN COURSE SEC. 15 
 
 3. As we have been told to read this book, shall we 
 
 not read it ? 
 
 4. After saying these words, he ordered the prisoners 
 
 to be brought to him. 
 
 5. After hearing these things, we were not able to 
 
 answer. 
 
 6. The ships, which w r ere in the harbour yesterday, 
 
 have now weighed anchor and gone. 
 
 7. You will not be able to find your friends, ordered 
 
 (as they have been) to depart. 
 
 8. Do not go while my father is away ! He will 
 
 soon return. 
 
 9. These matters being settled, we ran to the river. 
 10. After advancing three miles we came to the 
 
 mountain. 
 
 XYI. 
 
 Fables about India. 
 
 Incolarum habitus moresque diversi. Quidam 
 parentes et propinquos, priusquam annis et macie con- 
 ficiantur, velut hostias caedunt eorumque visceribus epu- 
 lantur. li qui sapientiam profitentur ab ortu solis ad 
 occasum stare solent solem immobilibus oculis intuentes ; 
 ferventibus arenis toto die alternis pedibus insistunt. 
 
 Maximos India elephantos gignit. Hoc animal 
 cetera omnia docilitate superat. Discunt arma iacere, 
 gladiatorum more congredi, saltare et per funes in- 
 cedere. Narrat scriptor quidam Eomae unum segnioris 
 ingeni saepe castigatum esse verberibus, quia tardius 
 accipiebat quae tradebantur; eundem repertum esse 
 
SEC. 16 SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD 55 
 
 noctu eaclem meditantem. Elephant! gregatim semper 
 ingredhmtur. Ducit agmen maximus natu, cogit is, 
 qui aetate ei est proximus. Amnem transituri mini- 
 mos praemittunt. Capiuntur foveis. In has ubi 
 elephas deciderit, ceteri rarnos congerunt, aggeres con- 
 struunt omnique vi conantur extrahere. 
 
 In India quoque serpentes perpetuum bellum cum 
 elephantis gerunt. Ex arboribus se in praetereuntes 
 praecipitant gressusque ligant nodis. Hos nodos ele- 
 phanti manu resolvrmt. At dracones in ipsas elephan- 
 torum nares caput condunt spiritumque praecludunt. 
 Plerumque in ilia dimicatione utrique commoriuntur ; 
 victus enim elephas corruens serpentem pondere suo 
 elidit. 
 
 SECTION 16. 
 THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD: UT. 
 
 THE FIRST AND SECOND CONJUGATIONS : ACTIVE AND 
 PASSIVE. 
 
 Do ut des, / give that you may give. 
 Dedi ut dares, / gave that you might give. 
 
 That, when it means " in order that," or, in other words, 
 when it expresses a purpose, is translated by the conjunction 
 ut, and the following verb is put in the subjunctive mood. 
 
 Ut may also be translated by "to." "I came that I 
 might help you " and " I came to help you " mean the same 
 thing, and may be translated by Feni ut te adiuvares. 
 
56 LATIN COURSE 
 
 But in turning into Latin this " to " of the purpose, 
 care must be taken as to the tense of the following verb in 
 the subjunctive. " He sent the boys to see the city," that 
 is, in other words, " that they might see ; " so " Pueros misit, 
 ut urbem viderent" 
 
 (57.) 
 
 1. Venite statim, ut me in hac re adiuvetis. 
 
 2. Haec, non dixi, cives, ut animos vestros ad bellum 
 
 incitarem. 
 
 3. Ut valeret, corpus cotidie exercebat. 
 
 4. Kos ad urbem imus, ut vos domi maueatis. 
 
 5. Cur tibi hoc dixi ? nonne ut memoria semper 
 
 teneres ? 
 
 6. Navibus incensis, hostes a tergo adorti sumus. 
 
 7. Nostri crebras eruptiones faciunt, ut ordines 
 
 hostium turbent. 
 
 8. Impedimentis in oppido relictis, in campum pro- 
 
 fecti sumus. 
 
 9. Nostri,incitatis equis, hostes impeditos adoriebantur. 
 
 10. Haec dixi, ut meis verbis pueri ad maiorem dili- 
 
 gentiam incitarentur. 
 
 11. Omnia feci, ut frater aere alieno liberaretur. 
 
 12. Multa loquitur, ut tibi sapiens videatur. 
 
 13. Ego domi maneo, ut tu et tuus amicus in urbe 
 
 moremini. 
 
 14. Haec oratio utilissima reipublicae semper habita ? 
 
 est. 
 
 15. Castra cotidie moventur, ut milites in omni genere 
 
 laborum exerceantur. 
 
SEC. 16 SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD 57 
 
 (58a.) 
 
 1. Come, my brother, that you may help me ! 
 
 2. I said this that I might incite the boy to greater 
 
 diligence. 
 
 3. I came that I might set my friend free from debt. 
 
 4. I went to the camp that I might see my friends. 
 
 5. They are going out from the camp that they may 
 
 seize the hill. 
 
 6. I came to you that you might help me in this 
 
 matter. 
 
 7. What ! did you come that you might incite the 
 
 minds of the citizens to war ? 
 
 8. That you may be well, take exercise every day. 
 
 9. I am going to the city that you may remain at 
 
 home. 
 
 10. I told you this often that you might always retain 
 
 it in your memory. 
 
 11. When we had set fire to the town we advanced, 
 
 that we might lay waste the enemy's lands. 
 
 12. Having left the baggage in the camp, we set out, 
 
 that we might take possession of the hill. 
 
 (586.) 
 
 1. He sent two legions in order that the city might 
 
 be at once besieged. 
 
 2. He said this that he might be considered wise. 
 
 3. I said this to encourage the soldiers. 
 
 4. He has left a large part of the baggage in the camp. 
 
 5. He sent the slaves to tell their master. 
 
58 LATIN COURSE SEC. 17 
 
 6. We are advancing to the wood to attack the 
 
 enemy from the rear. 
 
 7. He sent the cavalry that the city might be set free 
 
 from its peril. 
 
 8. He burnt the ships that the enemy might be 
 
 alarmed. 
 
 9. Having done these things, we set out to see the city. 
 
 1 0. While you were away we went to the city to give 
 
 the book to Caius. 
 
 11. He did this that he might seem useful to the state. 
 
 12. He often moves his camp in order to exercise his 
 
 soldiers in every kind of labour. 
 
 SECTION 17. 
 
 UT, FINAL (Continued}. 
 SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD : THIRD CONJUGATION. 
 
 (59.) 
 
 1. Ad te scribo, ut omnem timorem tollam. 
 
 2. Yeni ad te, ut pecuniam debitam solverem. 
 
 3. Haec ad te scripsi, ut omnes has res statim con- 
 
 stitueres. 
 
 4. Quid venisti ? ut a me auxilium peteres ? 
 
 5. Quo ibis, mea soror ? Ibo ad hortum ut flores 
 
 carpam. 
 
 6. Floribus carptis, ibo ad urbem, ut fratrem videam. 
 
 7. Ad litus iverunt, ut naves hostium incenderent. 
 
SEC. 17 UT, FINAL 59 
 
 8. His rebus cognitis statim redii, ut tecum loquerer. 
 
 9 . Hodie tibi pecuniam dabo, ut prima luce progrediaris. 
 
 10. Nautae ancoras tollunt, ut naves solvantur. 
 
 11. leaves mox solventur, ut nautae hostes sequantur. 
 
 12. Impediinentis in proximum collem deductis, ipse 
 
 ad flumen progressus est, ut pontem solveret. 
 
 (60.) 
 
 1. I ain gathering flowers to send to my mother. 
 
 2. I came to give you back your book. 
 
 3. They are going to the harbour to set fire to all the 
 
 enemies' ships. 
 
 4. The ships having been set fire to, they will return 
 
 to burn the town. 
 
 5. I will give you the book to-day, that you may 
 
 read it to-morrow. 
 
 6. They went to the shore to see the sailors and the 
 
 ships. 
 
 7. What did you come to see ? I came to see you. 
 
 8. I wrote these words that you might understand 
 
 the speech. 
 
 9. They went to the river to follow the others. 
 10. I did this that my words might be read by all 
 
 XVII. 
 
 A True Dreami 
 
 Duo quidam familiares iter una faciebant ; et, cum 
 Megara venissent, alter ad cauponem, ad hospitem 
 
60 LATIN COURSE SEC. 18 
 
 alter, devertit. Qui ut cenati quiescerent, nocte media 
 visum est in somno ei qui erat in hospitio ilium 
 alterum orare, ut subveniret, quod sibi a caupone in- 
 teritus pararetur. Primo perterritus somnio surrexit ; 
 dein, cum se collegisset idque visum pro nihilo haben- 
 dum esse duxisset, recubuit. Turn ei dormienti 
 eundem ilium visum est rogare his verbis : " Quoniam 
 mihi vivo non subvenisti, mortem meam ne inultam 
 esse passus sis. Interfectus in plaustrum a caupone 
 sum coniectus, et supra stercus iniectum ; mane ad 
 portam ades, priusquam ex oppido exeat." Hoc vero 
 somnio commotus, mane bubulco praesto ad portam 
 fuit : quaesivit ex eo quid esset in plaustro ; ille per- 
 territus fugit ; mortuus erutus est ; caupo, re patefacta, 
 poenas dedit. 
 
 SECTION 18. 
 
 UT, FINAL (Continued). 
 
 THIRD CONJUGATION ( Continued). 
 
 Certain verbs ending in -io form the infinitive present 
 in -ere and imperfect subjunctive in -erem. Facio is one of 
 these. "To make" is facer e ; I might make, facer em. 
 Others of these verbs are, the compounds of facio ; inter- 
 ficio, conficio, reficio, etc. ; capio, and its compounds, accipio, 
 decipio, incipio, recipio ; and iacio. The deponents morior, 
 patior, progredior, in the same way form these tenses 
 according to the third conjugation : mori, morerer ; pati, 
 pater er ; progredi, progrederer. See p. 124. 
 
SEC. 18 ITT, FINAL 61 
 
 (61.) 
 
 1. Nuntios miserunt, ut Caesarem de his rebus certio- 
 
 rein facerent. 
 
 2. His rebus factis ad portum ibo, ut navem reficiam. 
 
 3. Non est verum ; hoc solum dixit, ut te deciperet. 
 
 4. Galli ad Caesarem iverunt, ut obsides reciperent. 
 
 5. Quid fugietis, milites ? Mori melius est quam 
 
 turpiter vivere. 
 
 6. Impedimenta in castris reliq.uit, ut ad oppidum 
 
 celeriter progrederentur. 
 
 7. Quid ! num oratorem culpas ? nonne populus vult 
 
 decipi ? 
 
 8. Paucos milites in colle posuit, ut lapides in hostes 
 
 iacerent. 
 
 9. Vive honeste, ut aequo animo moriaris.^/ 
 
 10. Domi unum solum mensem moratus, ad urbem 
 
 rediit, ut opus inceptum conficeret. 
 
 11. Non sum miles; malo domi morari quam bellum 
 
 gerere. 
 
 12. Vir bonus mavult pro patria mori quam victa 
 
 patria turpiter vivere. 
 
 (82*) 
 
 1. We will send a messenger to inform the general 
 
 of these matters. 
 
 2. The war having been finished, we will return 
 
 home to see our friends. 
 
 3. Did you say that to deceive me and others ? 
 
 4. We will go to Caesar, to get back our hostages. 
 
62 LATIN COUESE SEC. 18 
 
 5. To die is better than to live. You are not well. 
 
 6. A few soldiers were posted on the hills to throw 
 
 stones on the enemy. 
 
 7. The good live virtuously, that they may die with 
 
 resignation. 
 
 8. Some came to see the king, others to see the 
 
 orator. 
 
 9. Why did you not come to mend the table ? 
 10. I came to give you this little book. 
 
 (62ft.) ' 
 
 1. They went into the wood to make a fire. 
 
 2. I write to you in order that I may receive a 
 
 letter from you. 
 
 3. We remained at home the whole day to finish the 
 
 work. 
 
 4. He spoke these words to deceive the soldiers. 
 
 5. The sailors are going to the harbour to mend their 
 
 ships. 
 
 6. They set sail in the morning in order that they 
 
 might reach land before night. 
 
 7. When we have finished the task we will go to 
 
 the town to see the soldiers. 
 
 8. The ambassadors said this to deceive Caesar. 
 
 9. My brother, who came yesterday, will go to- 
 
 morrow to Eome to see yoii. 
 
 10. Having heard the speech, they advanced to take 
 the town. 
 
SEC. 19 UT, FINAL 63 
 
 SECTION 19. 
 UT, FINAL (Continued). 
 SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD : FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
 
 Do not use ut non, but instead ne. So Abiit ne 
 videretur, " He went away that he might not be seen ; " 
 or, " not to be seen ; " or, " lest he should be seen." 
 
 (63.) 
 
 1. Ad urbem omnes venimus, ut oratorem audiremus. 
 
 2. Nbcte e castris progress! sumus, ne hostes clamore 
 
 sublato convenirent. 
 
 3. Legiones pro castris constituit, ne hostes subito 
 
 adorirenjer. 
 
 4. Fessus sum, amice ; domum redibo, ut dormiam. 
 
 5. _Captivos omnes interfici iussit, ne in itinere im- 
 
 pedirentur. 
 
 6. Pauci, relictis equis, fossam transire conati sunt, 
 
 ut ceteros adiuvarent. 
 
 7. Milites illius itineris laborem^uL.pati potuerunt. 
 
 8. Haec ad te scripsi, ne res urbanas nescires. 
 
 9. In hortum eo, ut librum reperiam. Non reperies. 
 
 10. His cognitis milites ex urbe eduxit, ne omnes 
 
 interficerentur. 
 
 11. ISTuntios mitte, ut consul de his rebus certior fiat. 
 
 12. Bern non debes graviter ferre. ne omnibus decipi 
 
 videaris. 
 
64 LATIN COURSE SEC. 19 
 
 (64a.) 
 
 1. We will all go into the woods to hear the birds. 
 
 2. We will not sleep, lest the enemy attack us. 
 
 3. They give back the captives, that they may not 
 
 be impeded on the march. 
 
 4. They advanced to help the cavalry when they 
 
 heard this. 
 
 5. I will write to you often, that you may not be in 
 
 ignorance of the doings of the town. 
 
 6. I will go into the garden to find your friend. 
 
 7. They were reading books, that they might not 
 
 seem to be doing nothing. 
 
 8. The soldiers returned to their camp, that they 
 
 might not be taken by the enemy. 
 
 9. Having left their baggage in the camp, they set 
 
 out to follow the cavalry. 
 
 10. They raised a shout, that they might be heard by 
 the enemy. 
 
 (64k) 
 
 1. If you are unwilling, I will not go to see the 
 
 soldiers. 
 
 2. We followed the soldiers in order that we might 
 
 be able to see the battle. 
 
 3. They were raising shouts in order that the words 
 
 of the orator might not be heard. 
 
 4. I went to the city to inform the consul of the 
 
 whole affair. 
 
 5. We will go ourselves to the camp, lest we be 
 
 deceived. 
 
SEC. 19 UT, FINAL 65 
 
 6. They will leave their baggage in the camp, lest 
 
 they be impeded on the march. 
 
 7. He went into the woods, that he might not be 
 
 sent into the city. 
 
 8. They sent the slave to pay the money at once. 
 
 9. We will not go into the camp, lest the soldiers 
 
 throw their darts at us. 
 
 10. I will follow the slave, whom I sent into the city, 
 lest he deceive me. 
 
 XVIII. 
 
 A Murder at an Inn. 
 
 In itinerequidam proficiscentem ad mercatum quen- 
 dam et secimi aliquantum nummorum ferentem est 
 consecutus. Cum hoc, ut fere fit, in via sermonem 
 contulit : ex quo factum est, ut illud iter familiarius 
 facere vellent. Qua re, cum in eandem tabernam 
 divertissent, simul cenare et in eodem loco somnum 
 capere voluerunt. Cenati discubuerunt ibidem ; neque 
 tamen uterque vivus surrexit. Quomodo perierit 
 dicitur post inventum esse, cum in alio maleficio 
 deprehensus esset caupo. Is enim noctu, postquam 
 illos arctius iam, ut fit, ex lassitudine dormire sensit, 
 accessit, et alterius eorum qui sine nummis erat gladium 
 propter appositum e vagina eduxit, et ilium alterum 
 occidit ; nummos abstulit, gladium cruentum in vaginam 
 recondidit, ipse se in suum lectum recepit. Ille autem, 
 cuius gladio occisio erat facta, multo ante lucem sur- 
 rexit ; comitem ilium suum inclamavit semel et saepius. 
 
 F 
 
66 LATIN COURSE SEC. 20 
 
 Ilium somno impeditum non respondere existimavit : 
 ipse gladium et cetera quae secum attulerat sustulit ; 
 solus profectus est. Caupo non multo post conclamat 
 hominem esse occisum, et cum quibusdam deversoribus 
 ilium qui ante exierat consequitur in itinere. Ho- 
 miriem comprehendit ; gladium eius e vagina educit ; 
 reperit cruentum. Homo in urbem ab illis deducitur 
 ac reus fit. 
 
 SECTION 20. 
 THE ACCUSATIVE WITH INFINITIVE. 
 
 It has been seen that the word that is translated into 
 Latin by ut, when the that means in order that. In such a 
 sentence as " He said that his mother was not well," it is 
 plain that that does not mean in order that ; and it is differ- 
 ently turned in Latin. The " that " has no Latin word, 
 the following noun is put into the accusative case, and the 
 following verb into the infinitive mood. The Latin, then, 
 will be Dixit matrem non valere. In the following sentence 
 both kinds of " that " occur. " He said that he was not 
 well, that he might not be sent into the city," that he will 
 be se, that . . . not will be ne. 
 
 (65.) 
 
 1. Scio eum navem suam iam refecisse. 
 
 2. Dixit patrem suum et matrem mortuos esse. 
 
SEC. 20 ACCUSATIVE WITH INFINITIVE 67 
 
 3. Nego te a me deceptum esse : spes tua te fefellit. 
 
 4. Promittit se tempore rediturum esse. 
 
 5. Negat se me invito epistulam seripturum. 
 
 6. Constat Eomulum primum populi Eomani regem 
 
 fuisse. 
 
 7. Alii dicunt, alii negant, nostros vicisse. 
 
 8. Spero te patre invito non venturum. 
 
 9. Dixit se non valere, ne ad urbem mitteretur. 
 
 1 0. Scio te^inimico in me animo esse. 
 
 11. Cur simulas te inimicos amare ? 
 
 12. Audivi te dolorem aequo animo pati. 
 
 13. Scio ilium hominem inimicum omnium bonorum 
 
 esse. 
 
 14. Certiorem me fecerunt nostros ab hostibus victos 
 
 esse. 
 
 15. Spero eum reperturum esse quae amisit. 
 
 16. His quaerentibus respondi me nihil repperisse. 
 
 17. Promittit se me non sentiente dentem exstracturum 
 
 esse. 
 
 18. Eespondit se nolle hodie pecuniam solvere. 
 
 19. Graviter fero te a me non auxilium petiisse. 
 
 20. Scio ilium hominem domi manere, ne mihi 
 
 conspectum veniat. 
 
 (66O 
 
 1. I know that he is writing a letter. 
 
 2. They said that they had already answered. 
 
 3. He promises that he will give back the book. 
 
 4. I hope that you will set out to-morrow. 
 
 5. He pretends that he is teaching his brother. 
 
68 LATIN COUKSE SEC. 20 
 
 6. He said that he had often heard the orator. 
 
 7. It is well known that the queen is dead. 
 
 8. He denied that he had received your letter, 
 
 9. It is not true that I give nothing to the poor. 
 
 10. I was ignorant that Caius was an enemy of 
 
 yours. 
 
 11. They deny that they have seen the soldiers. 
 
 12. They pretend that they are unwilling. 
 
 The English sentence " He said that he saw the house " 
 may mean two things. It may mean that he said "I see 
 the house " or " I saw the house " some time in the past. 
 If it means " I see," the Latin should be videre; if "I saw," 
 
 (66ft.) 
 
 1. He pretended that he was often in Eome. 
 
 2. He said that he wrote five letters yesterday. 
 
 3. He said that he put everything on the table. 
 
 4. They denied that they had been deceived. 
 
 5. He pretended that he was following the army. 
 
 6. He said that he had deceived his enemy. 
 
 Y. The general pretended that he had conquered the 
 enemy. 
 
 8. They said that they saw your brother yesterday. 
 
 9. "We all hope that you will come to us. 
 
 10. He said that he knew everything. 
 
 11. He said that he conquered the enemy in Gaul. 
 
 12. Do you promise that you will inform me of every- 
 
 thing ? 
 
SEC. 21 DEFECTIVE VERBS 69 
 
 SECTION 21. 
 
 . 
 DEFECTIVE VERBS. 
 
 Some verbs have lost their present tense and tenses 
 formed from it, and have only the perfect and tenses formed 
 from the perfect. E.g. coepi, I began; odi, I hate; memini, 
 I remember. 
 
 Notice also that the two latter verbs have present 
 meanings with the perfect form. 
 
 (67.) 
 
 1. Memini me promisisse ; ad diem veniam. 
 
 2. Interea, ceteris tacentibus, Gains dicere coepit. 
 
 3. Quis mecum Londinium ibit ? non novi viam. 
 
 4. Quis tecum loquebatur ? Non novi nomen eius. 
 
 5. Scio Gallos saepe a Eomanis victos esse. 
 
 6. Pater meus negavit se illam rem meminisse. 
 
 7. Dixit se neque hunc hominem neque ilium odisse. 
 
 8. JQIe puer dixit se iam Latine scire. 
 
 9. No^i hominem et scio eum pessimum. civem semper 
 
 fuisse. 
 
 10. Tui nunquam obliviscar; semper meminero te me 
 
 in ilia re adiuvasse. 
 
 11. Num tu mei oblitus es ? Cur nunquam ad meas 
 
 epistulas respondes ? 
 
 12. Illi nautae coeperunt reficere naves, ut domum 
 
 redirent. 
 
 131 N"e inimicos tui quidem odisse debes, sed omnes 
 V homines amare. 
 
70 LATIN COUKSE SEC. 21 
 
 14. Hanc totam orationem Latineredde; reddita ad 
 
 me veni. 
 
 15. Spero te invito me, qui tibi saepe adfui, non haec 
 
 conatum iri. 
 
 (68a.) 
 
 1. Then his brother began to say that he was un- 
 
 willing. 
 
 2. I remember that he died on that day. 
 
 3. I do not know your friend. What is his name ? 
 
 4. I shall never forget that day; we were all conquered. 
 
 5. Do you not remember that I hate that man ? 
 
 6. I say that he does not know Latin. 
 
 7. I promise that I will remain there all day. 
 
 8. He pretends that he has already answered. 
 
 9. Do you not hope that the Komans have already 
 
 conquered ? 
 10. He does not know that we made the same requests. 
 
 (686.) 
 
 1. When you have done this, remember that I shall 
 
 be in the garden. 
 
 2. He said that he had forgotten. Do you think 
 
 that he spoke the truth ? 
 
 3. I have often turned that passage into Latin. 
 
 4. I said this that he should not think me unwilling. 
 
 5. That boy, when ordered to turn this into Latin, 
 
 said that he did not know Latin. 
 
 6. He began to write in order that having finished 
 
 the work he might go into the woods. 
 
SEC. 22 IMPERSONAL VERBS 71 
 
 7. I was aware that you were pretending in his 
 
 presence. 
 
 8. Knowing this, I said that I should not be absent. 
 
 9. Why did you pretend that you were not well ? 
 
 You did not hope that you would deceive me ? 
 
 SECTION 22. 
 
 IMPERSONAL VERBS. 
 
 Many verbs are used only in the third person singular 
 (and in the infinitive and gerund). Pluit, it rains ; licet 
 mihi ire, it is permitted me to go, i.e. I may go ; oportet 
 me ire, it behoves me to go, i.e. I ought to go. 
 
 (69.) 
 
 1. Pluit, Balbe ; neque hodie ad urbem ire poterimus. 
 
 2. Ubi est f rater meus ? Te oportet hoc scire. 
 
 3. Sanguinem pluisse Eomae creditum est. 
 
 4. Opere facto licebit tibi in hortum ire. 
 
 5. Credo te fratrem meum novisse ? Et novi et amo 
 
 tuum fratrem. 
 
 6. Neque possum tecum ire, neque (mihi crede) me 
 
 oportet. 
 
 7. Nonne mihi licet inimicos odisse ? 
 
 8. Ne inimicos quiclem (mihi crede) odisse debemus. 
 
 9. Nonne nos oportet patrem de his rebus certiorem 
 
 facere ? 
 10. Nonne mihi licet in hortum ire, ut flores carpam ? 
 
72 LATIN COURSE SEC. 22 
 
 11. Promisisti te me adiuturum : nonne te oportet 
 
 promissa praestare ? 
 
 12. Ille puer coepit omnibus molestus esse : semper 
 
 de se et de suis rebus loquebatur. 
 
 (70.) 
 
 1. Why does it always rain ? I shall not be able to 
 
 go into the garden to-day. 
 
 2. You ought to remember this : I was not. present. 
 
 3. We ought to inform Caesar of all matters. 
 
 4. You may go to Eome : return to-morrow. 
 
 5. Why may I not see this house ? 
 
 6 . He will return,! believe, that he may receive the money. 
 
 7. I believe that he knows Latin. 
 
 8. We ought to remember these matters. 
 
 9. May I not tell my father these things ? 
 
 10. Neither the elder nor the younger brother (believe 
 
 me) knows Latin. 
 
 11. He said that he did not know all the citizens. 
 
 12. You may not go, lest you fall Juto the water. 
 
 XIX. 
 
 Alexanders Speech to his Soldiers 
 
 (in which he vainly endeavours to urge them to follow him into India). 
 
 Alexander, cum ad Hypasin fluvium processisset, non 
 modo transire voluit, sed ad Gangen, maximum totius 
 Indiae flumen, pergere ; postremo totius orbis imperium 
 appetere. Sed, veritus ut longius progredi vellent, 
 vocatis militibus, ad hunc modum disseruit : " Non 
 
SEC. 22 IMPERSONAL VERBS 73 
 
 ignore, milites, multa quae terrere vos possent ab in- 
 colis Iiidiae per hos dies de industria esse iactata. 
 Sed omnia fama tradit maiora vero, neque nos fabulae 
 deterrere possunt. Quamdiu vobiscum in acie stabo, 
 nee mei nee hostium exercitus numero. Vos modo 
 animos mihi plenos alacritatis ac fiduciae adhibete. 
 N"on in limine operuni laborumque nostrorum, sed in 
 exitu, stamus. Pervenimus ad solis or turn et Ocea- 
 num ; inde vie tores perdomito fine terrarum revertemur 
 in patriam. Maiora sunt periculis praemia; dives 
 eadem et inbellis regio est. Itaque non tarn ad 
 gloriam vos duco quam ad praedam. Per vos gloriam- 
 que vestram oro quaesoque, ne humanarum rerum ter- 
 minos adeuntem alumnum commilitonemque vestrum, 
 ne dicam regem, deseratis. Date hoc precibus meis et 
 tandem obstinatnm silentium rumpite. Ubi est ille 
 clamor, alacritatis vestrae index ? ubi ille meorum 
 Macedonian vultus ? Non adgnosco vos, milites ; 
 nee adgnosci videor a vobis. Surdas iamdudum aures 
 pulso; aversos animos et infractos excitare conor." 
 C unique illi in terram demissis capitibus tacere per- 
 severarent, " Nescio quid " inquit " in vos imprudens 
 deliqui, quod me ne intueri quidem vultis. In solitu- 
 dine mihi videor esse desertus ; destitutus sum ; hosti- 
 bus deditus. Sed solus quoque ire perseverabo. Scythae 
 Bactrianique erunt mecum, hostes paulo ante nunc mi- 
 lites nostri. Mori praestat quam precario imperatorem 
 esse. Ite reduces domos ; ite deserto rege ovantes ! " 
 
 Ne sic quidem ulli militum vox exprimi potuit. 
 Stabant oribus in terram defixis lacrimisque manantibus. 
 Eex tandem, victus a militibus, redire constituit. 
 
74 . LATIN COURSE SEC. 23 
 
 SECTION 23. 
 
 UT, EXPRESSING A KESULT. 
 
 Besides translating " that " when it expresses a purpose, 
 ut will also translate it when it expresses a result. In 
 other words, ut means not only "in order that," but also 
 " so that." 
 
 When a "not" followed ut meaning "in order that," ut 
 non was not to be put, but ne. But when ut means " so 
 that/' ne is not used, but ut non. 
 
 Observe therefore that the English word "that," according 
 to its different meanings, will want different Latin. Of 
 course when "that" is a pronoun, Ule is the Latin ; ilk puer 
 is " that boy." But besides this the conjunction " that " 
 may in different senses either require the accusative with 
 infinitive, or ut, or ne. 
 
 Dixit se Gaium vidisse, He said that he saw Caius (i.e. he 
 
 said, " I saw Caius.") 
 AUit ne Gaium videret, He went away that he might not 
 
 see Caius. 
 AUit tarn mane ut Gaium non videret, He went away so 
 
 early in the morning that he did not see Caius. 
 
 (71.) 
 
 1. Tanta fuit eius diligentia, ut totum opus brevi 
 
 tempore confecerit. 
 
 2. JSTon sum tarn ignarus, ut nesciam Eomam a Komulo 
 
 conditam esse. 
 
SEC. 23 UT, EXPRESSING A RESULT 75 
 
 3. Dixit se tot tanique pulchros flores nunquam antea 
 
 vidisse. 
 
 4. Tantus fuit hostium timor, ut tantis copiis tarn 
 
 exiguam manum adoriri non auderent. 
 
 5. Casu accidit ut nominis tui interdum obliviscar 
 
 6. Ita factum est, ut non possem tale consilium capere. 
 
 7. Qui fit ut totum opus nondum confectum sit. 
 
 8. Tantus est numerus librorum vitaque tarn brevis 
 
 est, ut paucos soluin legere possimus. 
 
 9. Tali consilio capto, cum duabus legionibus statim 
 
 est profectus. 
 
 10. Non te oportet Gaium odisse; tibi enim tot in 
 
 rebus adfuit. 
 
 11. Tecum ibimus ut tantum oratorem audiamus. 
 
 12. Eoniam ivit ut libros manu scriptos videret. Ita 
 
 fit ut domi non sit. 
 
 (72a.) 
 
 1. I am going that I may see the soldiers and sailors. 
 
 2. That is how it comes about that I see neither 
 
 soldiers nor sailors. 
 
 3. He said that he had never seen so many soldiers 
 
 before. 
 
 4. No one is so ignorant that he does not know that 
 
 the Germans have conquered. 
 
 5. The number of the enemy is so great that we 
 
 cannot conquer. 
 
 6. You ought to go that you may not be blamed. 
 
 7. It happens by chance that I have not the book. 
 
 8. The plan is of such a kind that I cannot praise it. 
 
76 LATIN COURSE SEC. 23 
 
 9. How does it come about that your father is not 
 present ? 
 
 10. So great is the pain of the wound that he cannot 
 
 speak. 
 
 11. They are reading the book with such diligence 
 
 that they cannot hear us. 
 
 12. They are reading the book with such diligence 
 
 that they may be praised. 
 
 (726.) 
 
 1. So great was his pain that he could not speak. 
 
 2. That is how it happened that I determined to return. 
 
 3. No one is so ignorant that he believes you. 
 
 4. How does it happen that I am not allowed to 
 
 return home ? 
 
 5. The life of man is so short that they cannot finish 
 
 many things. 
 
 6. I set out in the morning that I might return in 
 
 the evening. 
 
 7. That is how it happened that you came in my 
 
 absence. 
 
 8. So great was the fear of all that no one dared to 
 
 speak. 
 
 9. These books are of such a kind that I cannot 
 
 understand them. 
 
 10. So great was the number of the boys that the 
 
 master could not teach all. 
 
 11. Nobody is so foolish that he can understand 
 
 nothing. 
 
 12. It happened by chance that nobody opened the 
 
 windows while you were present. 
 
SEC. 24 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES 77 
 
 SECTION 24 
 
 KECAPITULATORY EXERCISES. 
 (73.) 
 
 1. Constat iudicem in ea re deceptum esse. 
 
 2. Ego te non novi neque novisse volo. 
 S.QsTonne promisisti te omnia facturum ut tempore 
 
 venires^! 
 
 4. Tantus fuit navium numerus, ut adoriri non 
 
 auderemus. 
 
 5. NQ me moneatis ; novi ego officium meum. 
 
 6. Semper sensi filio meo te esse amicum et ilium 
 
 intellexi tibi. 
 
 7. Nbrihe te ire oportuit, ut amicum in hac re 
 
 adiuvares ? 
 
 8. Quid ego ex te audio ? Hoc quod res est. 
 
 9 .yMalus bonum malum esse vult, ut sit sui similis. / 
 10. Hominem hominis similiorem nunquain vidrego 
 alterum. 
 
 (74.) 
 
 /I. It is well known that the judges were deceived. 
 
 2. You ought to go at once, that you may come in 
 
 time. 
 
 3. I saw so many boys that I forget their names. 
 
 4. I believe that you know your duty. 
 
 5. I have always been aware that you were a friend 
 
 to me. 
 
78 LATIN COURSE SEC. 24 
 
 6. He pretended to understand the book, that he 
 
 might not be thought foolish 
 
 7. That is how it happened that I did not see your 
 
 friend. 
 
 8. I wish you to be good, that you may be like your 
 
 father. 
 
 9. Why do you pretend that you are foolish ? I see 
 
 that you understand very well. 
 
 1 0. Why did you go to London ? I went to receive 
 the money. 
 
 (75.) ' 
 
 x l. Ita a pueritia vixi, ut boni me laudarent, culparent 
 mali. 
 
 2. Pluit ; non tibi hodie licebit in silvas ire ; domi 
 
 manere oportet. 
 
 3. Noli patre invito longius progredi. 
 
 4. Gravius tuum erit unum verbum' quam centum 
 
 mea. 
 
 ,5. His rebus factis Eomam proficiscar ut pecuniam 
 accipiam. 
 
 6. Hoc frustra saepe conatus, tarn sum fessus ut 
 
 longius progredi non possim. 
 
 7. Me consule vicistis Gallos, cives; illis consulibus 
 
 victi estis ! 
 
 8. Dixit puerum non plus sapientiae habere quam 
 
 lapidem. 
 
 9. Quod tuum est meum est, omne meum autem 
 
 tuum est. 
 
 10. Cur negasti te promisisse ? non sum tarn stultus 
 ut tibi credam. 
 
SEC. 24 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES 79 
 
 (76.) 
 
 1. When you have done your work, you will be 
 
 allowed to go into the garden. 
 
 2. Where are you going ? I am going to the city to 
 
 pay the money. 
 
 3. They were running to the woods to pick flowers. 
 
 4. It is well known that the consul has not con- 
 
 quered. 
 
 5. I will bring the boy to you that you may see him. 
 
 6. After saying these words he went away to find 
 
 the book. 
 
 7. Some affirm, others deny, that the judge is dead. 
 
 8. There are so many boys that the master does not 
 
 know the names of all. 
 
 9. I am not so stupid as to go away in your absence. 
 10. When I heard this I ran to the harbour to see 
 
 the ships. 
 
 1. I remember that you paid all the money. 
 
 2. The sailors came back to the harbour to refit their 
 
 ships. 
 
 3. That is how it came about that the soldiers were 
 
 dismissed. 
 
 4. I forgot that you were a boy in my father's life- 
 
 time. 
 
 5. Having encouraged his soldiers, he ordered them 
 
 to advance to the mountain. 
 
80 LATIN COURSE SEC. 24 
 
 6. There were so many ships in the harbour that I 
 
 could not see them all. 
 
 7. What will become of me ? he has come to bring 
 
 me bound to Caesar. 
 
 8. I was not so foolish as to tell him everything. 
 
 9. Why did you pretend that you were not well ? 
 
 That I might not be punished. 
 
 10. What did he say? He answered that he didn't 
 wish. 
 
 1. Am I not allowed to send the slave to Koine ? 
 
 2. I sent the slaves to inform the consul of this 
 
 matter. 
 
 3. You are not allowed to go into the garden with 
 
 nothing on your head. 
 
 4. Ought I not to send the slave to follow the boy ? 
 
 5. He promised that he would send all the books at 
 
 once. 
 
 6. I will go at once, that I may finish the work. 
 
 7. When this news was brought, I ran at once to the 
 
 camp to tell the soldiers. 
 
 8. When does your brother go? He has deter- 
 
 mined, I believe, to go to-morrow. 
 
 9. After following them for three miles, I came back 
 
 to the camp. 
 
 10. Let us go to his house, lest we may seem to be 
 pretending. 
 
SEC. 25 THE INDIRECT QUESTION 81 
 
 XX. 
 
 The Death of Alexander. 
 
 Milites, sollicitudine desiderioque ems anxii, quam- 
 quam obtestantibus ducibus ne valetudinem regis onera- 
 rent, expresserunt ut in conspectum eius admitterentur. 
 Admissi lectum circumstabant fundebantque lacrimas. 
 Eex, cubito innixus. et se ad amicos vertens : " In- 
 venietis," inquit, " cum excessero dignum talibus viris 
 regem ? " Exercitu dimisso, velut omni vitae debito 
 liberatus, fatigata membra reiecit. Propius adire iussis 
 amicis nam et vox deficere iam coeperat detraction 
 anulum digito Perdiccae tradidit, adiectis mandatis ut 
 corpus suum ad Hammonem ferri iuberent. Quaerenti- 
 busque his cui relinqueret regnum respondit ei qui 
 esset optimus. Eursus, Perdicca interrogante quando 
 caelestes honores haberi sibi vellet, dixit turn velle cum 
 ipsi felices essent. Suprema haec vox fnit regis et 
 paulo post extinguitur. 
 
 SECTION 25. 
 THE INDIRECT QUESTION. 
 
 1. Quid esU What is it? 
 
 Die quid sit, Tell me what it is. 
 
 Eogavit quid esset, He asked what it was. 
 
 Notice that the effect of putting the die and 
 before the question, is to turn the est into the subjunctive 
 mood. 
 
 G 
 
82 MATIN COURSE SEC. 25 
 
 1 
 
 2. Num. fessus es, You are not tired, are you ? 
 
 Rogavit num fessus essem, He asked me whether I was 
 
 tired. 
 
 Notice here that in the second sentence, which is called 
 an indirect question, num merely means "whether," and 
 does not, as in real questions, suggest the answer " No." 
 
 3. Eogat num heri fessus fuerim, He asks me whether I 
 was tired yesterday. 
 
 Fuerim, not essem, because rogat is present. This is the 
 rule. 
 
 (79.) 
 
 1. Die, puer, quot sitis. Septem sumus. 
 
 2. Heus tu, quid agis ? Eogasne quid agam ? Nihil 
 
 ago. 
 
 3. Quid ! nonne statim abire iussi ? satis est ver- 
 
 borum, abi. 
 
 4. Rogavit me quot flores emissem, quot vendidissem. 
 
 5. Haec epistula ita scripta est, ut legere non possem. 
 
 6. Ex eo quaesivi quanti haec vendidisset ; respon- 
 
 dere noluit. 
 
 7. Quis tibi hoc dixit? Ille servus quern ad me 
 
 misisti. 
 
 S.^.Eogo te quid fuerit oflicium meum me facere. > 
 9. Quae neque fuerunt neque sunt, illi sciunt. r 
 
 10. Nescio quid fiat illo puero, nunquam tempore 
 
 venit. 
 
 1 1 . Nonne promisisti te amicum acliuturum ? Promisi, 
 
 sed nulla mihi occasio data est. 
 
 12. Ex eo quaero quoties hoc idem promiserit. 
 
SEC. 25 THE INDIRECT QUESTION 83 
 
 13. Cupit scire num sui oblitus sim ; dixit enim me 
 
 neque scribere neque ipsum venire. 
 
 14. ISIon possum respondere ad ea quae tu a me 
 
 quaesivisti. 
 
 15. Quid tibi dixit ? Eogavit me, " Tune heri Romae 
 
 fuisti?" 
 1,6. Non possum tibi dicere quae ipse nescio. 
 
 1 7. Titus, quern heri vidisti, me rogavitmum tibi frater 
 
 maior esset^ 
 
 18. Hi dicunt quod illi negant ; neque possum tibi 
 
 scribere quid in ilia re factum sit. 
 
 (80.) 
 
 1. How many are you ? You cannot all go with me. 
 
 2. For how much did you buy these things? I 
 
 would rather not say. 
 
 3. Tell me how often you have gone to Eome ? 
 
 4. I ask you whether you sold my property in my 
 
 absence. 
 
 > 5. He often asked me whether you were well, 
 fr What did you answer ? That you were very well. 
 
 7. What is it, Titus ? I ask you where you have 
 
 put my book. 
 
 8. I desire to know whether you have finished the 
 
 task. .-_ 
 
 9. pdo not know what is to be done with you ;j it is 
 
 not enough to warn you. ^^-J 
 
 10. He asked me whether I had sold all my books. 
 
 11. I ask you whether the task has been finished. 
 
 12. Tell me how many letters you wrote yesterday. 
 
84 LATIN COURSE SEC. 25 
 
 (81.) 
 
 1. In your absence I don't know what I ought to 
 
 do. 
 
 2. Nobody knows for how much I bought these 
 
 things. 
 
 3. You who were present can say whether he is well. 
 
 4. I do not know whether I' may sell these things. 
 
 5. My brother, who will soon come, will tell you 
 
 how many there were. 
 
 6. Inquire of the general himself whether he has 
 
 conquered the enemy. 
 
 7. He makes the same inquiries as you. 
 
 8. Did he not ask whether I were well ? 
 
 9. You did not answer, did you, that I was well ? 
 
 10. You surely have not written the letter so that you 
 
 cannot read it ? 
 
 11. I asked the boy whether he had ever before seen 
 
 so big a tree. 
 
 12. Then the judge asked, "What is your name ?" 
 
 (82.) 
 
 1. He inquired of me why I had delayed there. 
 
 2. He said that he would not come if I were un- 
 
 willing. 
 
 3. I ask you whether you were distressed at this 
 
 matter. 
 
 4. I answered that I had already given everything 
 
 back. 
 
SEC. 26 THE SUPINES 85 
 
 5. You surety went away when this news was 
 
 brought ? 
 
 6. They asked me what leader I followed. 
 
 7. Those boys whom I was following have fled into 
 
 the woods. 
 
 8. The judge asked who I was, where I had come 
 
 from, and what I had seen. 
 
 9. What I have seen I will tell you ; what happened 
 
 in my absence I cannot tell you. 
 
 10. Tell me what has happened. 
 
 11. He inquired of me why I wrote so many letters. 
 
 12. I cannot read all the letters which you wrote to 
 
 me. 
 
 SECTION 26. 
 THE SUPINES. 
 
 The two supines in -urn and -u are really verbal nouns of 
 the fourth declension. 
 
 1. The supine in -urn is used after verbs of motion, 
 
 eo, venio, mitto, etc., to express purpose, e.g. 
 cubitum eo, / go to lie down. 
 
 This supine is so far a verb that, like a verb, it can 
 govern a case : Eo auxilium oratum, / go to ask help. 
 
 2. The supine in -u is used after certain adjectives only; 
 
 res foeda visu, a thing shocking to see. 
 
86 LATIN COURSE SEC. 26 
 
 (83.) 
 
 1. Alii dormitum eunt, alii opus conficiunt. 
 
 2. Optimum factu putant dormitum ire. 
 
 3. Quinq ue . cohortes frumentatum in proximas segetes 
 
 mittit. 
 
 4. Duces hostium ad Caesarem gratulatum venerunt. 
 5.(,Mercator dicit omne argentum mihi redditum iri. 
 
 6. Num. facillimum factu credis milites Eomanos 
 
 vincere ? 
 
 7. Ex eo quaesivi num. facillimum factu crederet 
 
 Eomanos vincere. 
 
 8. Eogavit cur ad eum questum venissent. 
 
 9. Haec res non modo visu sed etiam auditu foeda 
 
 est. 
 
 10. Servi veniunt oratum ut liceret sibi dormitum ire. 
 
 11. Optimum factu putavi legates ad Caesarem mittere 
 
 auxilium rogatum. 
 
 12. Maiores natu ad Caesarem legates miserunt oratum 
 
 ne se in hostium numero duceret. 
 
 13. Spero barbaros a Eomanis victum iri. 
 
 14. Omnes nescivimus quid optimum factu esset. 
 
 15. Alii dicunt, alii negant, Caesarem a Gallis victum 
 
 iri. 
 
 (84.) 
 
 1. I shall go to sleep soon. 
 
 2. They ask what is best to be done. 
 
 3. He sends one legion to get corn. 
 
 4. The boys are coming to offer their congratulations. 
 
 5. I hope that the money will be given back. 
 
SEC. 26 THE SUPINES 87 
 
 6. I do not think it a very easy thing to do to 
 
 conquer the enemy. 
 
 7. Why have you come to me to complain ? 
 
 8. The battle was shocking both to hear of and to see. 
 
 9. Ambassadors come to me to ask for help. 
 
 10. I ask you whether you have come to complain. 
 
 11. I did not know what was the best thing to do. 
 
 12. They come to Caesar to beg that he will send 
 
 help. 
 
 XXI. 
 
 Proverbial Sayings. 
 
 1. Audentes fortuna iuvat. 2. Noli equi dentes 
 inspicere donati. 3. Flamma fumo est proxima, 4. 
 Dum vivis sperare licet. 5. Qualis dominus, talis est 
 servus. 6. Nimia familiaritas parit contemptum. 7. 
 Faber est quisque fortunae suae. 8. Pares cum pari- 
 bus facillime congregantur. 9. Male parta male dila- 
 buntur. 10. Summum ius summa iniuria. 11. 
 Nemo scit praeter me ubi me soccus premat. 12. 
 Formosa facies muta commendatio est. 13. Ubicun- 
 que dulce est et acidum invenies. 14. Ego spem 
 pretio non emo. 15. Ne supra crepidam sutor iudicet, 
 16. Tunica propior pallio est. 17. Suus rex reginae 
 placet. 18. Turbari sine ventis non solet aequor. 
 
 19. Altissima quaeque flumina minimo sono labuntur. 
 
 20. Non convalescit planta quae saepe transfertur. 
 
 21. Qui edere vult nucleam frangat nucem. 22. Non 
 terrae ferre omnes omnia possunt. 23. Navem per- 
 foras in qua ipse navigas. 
 
88 LATIN COURSE SEC. 26 
 
 24. Labor omnia vincit. 25. Si vis amari ama. 
 26. Discipulus est prioris posterior dies. . 27. Nullus 
 agenti dies longus est. 28. Quod in iuventute non 
 discitur in matura aetate nescitur. 29. Amicus certus 
 in re incerta cernitur. 30. Deligere oportet quern 
 velis diligere. 31. Proba merx facile emptorem 
 reperit. 32. Quod non opus est asse carum est. 33. 
 Quod tibi deerit a te ipse mutuare. 34. Pluris est 
 oculatus testis unus quam auriti decem. 
 
 35. Stultum facit fortuna quern vult perdere. 36. 
 Quern di diligunt adulescens moritur. 37. Ignis 
 aurum probat, miseria fortes viros. 38. Ingenium 
 mala saepe movent. 39. Insperata accidunt magis 
 saepe quam quae speres. 40. Semper bonus homo 
 tiro est. 
 
 41. Quantum habes tantus eris ; habes, habeberis. 
 42. Nulli nisi ex alterius damno quaestus est. 43. 
 Dives aut iniquus aut iniqui heres. 44. Vestis virum 
 reddit. 45. Plus oportet servum scire quam loqui. 
 46. Magister erat artis venter. 47. Pecuniam in loco 
 negligere maximum interdum est lucrum. 48. Fis- 
 tula dulce canit volucrem dum decipit auceps. 49. 
 Ubi amici ibidem sunt opes. 50. Obsequium amicos, 
 veritas odium, parit. 51. Ita amicum habeas, posse ut 
 facile fieri hunc inimicum putes. 52. Di nos quasi 
 pilas homines habent. 
 
SEC. 27 THE GERUND 89 
 
 SECTION 27. 
 . THE GERUND. 
 
 Gen. Amandi, of loving. 
 
 Dat. and Abl. Amando, for, or, by loving. 
 
 Ace. Amandum, loving. 
 
 The gerund, like the supine, is a verbal noun ; that is 
 to say, is partly a noun, partly a verb. As noun it depends 
 on another noun : Ars scribendi, the art of writing ; as verb 
 it governs a case : Ars scribendi epistulam, the art of writing 
 a letter. 
 
 The nominative of this noun is supplied by the infinitive: 
 Scribere est difficile, writing is difficult. The dative is used 
 after certain adjectives mainly ; the accusative is used 
 only with prepositions, chiefly ad. 
 
 (85.) 
 
 1. Milites frumentandi causa in fines hostium missi 
 
 sunt. , 
 
 2. Frustra hostibus pugnandi potestatem fecit. 
 
 3. Quaesivit num legates mittendi potestatem fecisset. 
 
 4. Non oratum sed querendi causa venimus. 
 
 5. Die mihi num tempestas ad navigandum sit 
 
 idonea. 
 
 6. Nulla hostibus arma capiendi occasio data est. 
 
 7. Alii gratulatum, alii questum, venerunt. 
 
 8. Dime legiones Ehenum transierunt ut in his locis 
 
 liiemarent. 
 
90 LATIN COURSE SEC. 27 
 
 9. Unam legionem in his locis hiemandi causa 
 collocavit. 
 
 10. Haec atque alia talia locutus finem orandi fecit. 
 
 11. Quaero num finem orandi facturi sint. 
 
 12. Naves ad navigandum tarn inutiles sunt ut 
 
 transire non possimus. 
 
 13. Barbari Ehenum transierunt. Causa transeundi 
 
 fuit quod ab hostibus premebantur. 
 
 14. Eeperiebat in quaerendo initium fugae a militibus 
 
 tertiae legionis factam esse. 
 
 15. Loco castris idoneo capto, milites duarum legionum 
 
 frumentandi causa in fines hostium mittit. 
 
 (860.) 
 
 1. The soldiers went for the sake of getting corn. 
 
 2. I have often offered the enemy battle. 
 
 3. The weather was not suitable for sailing. 
 
 4. We have come to complain, and not for the purpose 
 
 of making a request. 
 
 5. I will give them permission to send ambassadors. 
 
 6. The ships were unfit for sailing. 
 
 7. I will ask them whether they have come for the 
 
 purpose of passing the winter. 
 
 8. He asked what was the cause of the sending. 
 
 9. Is no opportunity given of taking arms ? 
 
 10. Of the ships, some are ready, others are useless for 
 sailing. 
 
 (8660 
 
 1. Caesar had made a beginning of dismissing the 
 soldiers. 
 
SEC. 28 GERUNDIVE FOR GERUND 91 
 
 2. Did you not go to Eome for the sake of paying 
 
 the money ? 
 
 3. When will you make an end of waging war, 
 
 soldiers ? 
 
 4. They say that the weather is suitable for sailing. 
 
 5. Ask whether they have come to complain. 
 
 6. No opportunity was given me of finishing the work. 
 
 7. When will you make an end of talking ? 
 
 8. The third legion started the rout. 
 
 9. They have gone to the plain for the sake of 
 
 wintering there. 
 
 10. We did not give the enemy a chance of taking 
 arms. 
 
 SECTION 28. 
 THE GERUNDIVE FOR THE GERUND. 
 
 Instead of writing 
 
 Labor opus conficiendi, the toil of finishing the work, it is 
 more usual to write 
 
 Labor operis conficiendi, with the same meaning ; that 
 is to say, the adjective, called the gerundive, is used in 
 the place of the noun, called the gerund, when the verb 
 governs the accusative. 
 
 (87.) 
 
 1. Consilium urbem capiendi inibimus. 
 
 2. His rebus factis consilium urbis capiendae ineunt. 
 
 3. Te duce parati sumus ad arma capienda. 
 
92 LATIN COURSE SEC. 28 
 
 4. Hoc consilio inito nihil spatii hostibus ad arma 
 
 capienda dedimus. 
 
 5. Ille dies; flumini transeundo dictus est. 
 
 6. Non inutilem ad opus conficiendum hanc tempes- 
 
 tatem puto. 
 
 7. Neque consilii habendi neque arma capiendi 
 
 spatium datum est. 
 
 8. Nullum spatium ad se colligendos armandosque 
 
 Eomanis dabatur. 
 
 9. Yentus idoneus est ; optima navigandi occasio 
 
 datur. 
 
 10. Neque lignandi neque aquandi neque naves ad 
 
 terram religandi potestas fiebat. 
 
 11. Initio belli gerendi facto non nos oportet legates 
 
 pacis orandae causa mittere. 
 
 12. Gratulatum venimus. Gratias ago, sed non novi 
 
 qui sitis. 
 
 (88O 
 
 1. Will you adopt a resolution of taking the city ? 
 
 2. I will give you an opportunity of finishing the work. 
 
 3. The ship is ready for sailing and the wind is suitable. 
 
 4. We gave the enemy no time for taking arms. 
 
 5. Who told you that a bridge had been made ? 
 
 6. Having adopted this resolution, they crossed the 
 
 river. 
 
 7. No time was given us for sending ambassadors. 
 
 8. That day has been appointed for going. 
 
 9. They will have made a beginning of pitching a.camp. 
 10. I will ask them whether they have come for the 
 
 purpose of making a bridge. 
 
SEC. 29 THE GERUNDIVE 93 
 
 (886.) 
 
 1. We are ready for reading the book. 
 
 2. They promise that they will be ready for taking 
 
 up arms. 
 
 3. They have formed the resolution of taking the 
 
 city. 
 
 4. The sailors have come to the harbour for the sake 
 
 of refitting their ships. 
 
 5. Having left their baggage, they advanced for the 
 
 sake of taking the camp. 
 
 6. I had forgotten that you came for the sake of see- 
 
 ing the city. 
 
 7. At last they make an end of asking for peace. 
 
 8. I came to London for the sake of buying books. 
 
 9. How many books have you bought? I have 
 
 bought two to give my brother. 
 
 10. They have formed the plan of crossing the river 
 in order to attack the enemy in the rear. 
 
 SECTION 29 
 THE GERUNDIVE. 
 
 Besides doing duty for the gerund, the gerundive has 
 another' use. It is passive, and expresses that something 
 should or must be done. 
 
 Pecunia reddenda est, The money must be returned. 
 
 Notice that with the gerundive the dative is used 
 
94 LATIN COURSE SEC. 29 
 
 generally instead of the ablative, with ab, to express the 
 agent : Hoc mihi faciendum est, This must be done ly me ; 
 I must do this. (The dative should be avoided if its use 
 would make the meaning doubtful. In " pecunia mihi 
 reddenda est," does the mihi mean to me or lyme? If the 
 latter say rather a me.) 
 
 (89.) 
 
 1. Nonne saepe iam dixi haec eras reddenda esse ? 
 
 2. Pueri saepe ad maiorem diligentiam incitandi 
 
 sunt. 
 
 3. Dumnorix sunimam in spem venerat regni 
 
 obtinendi. 
 
 4. Durnnorix putavit regmim sibi obtinendum esse. 
 
 5. Mhil est homini tarn timendum quam invidia. 
 
 6. Quot epistulae mihi scribendae sint nescio. 
 
 7. Intellegimus naves nobis reficiendas esse. 
 
 8. Accidit ut omnes naves nobis reficiendae essent. 
 
 9. Domus mihi relinquenda est quam ipse taut a cura 
 
 tan to sumptu aedificavi. 
 
 10. Magnam in spem venerat naves sine sumptu 
 
 reficiendi. 
 
 11. Hostes vobis neque sine causa timendi neque sine 
 
 causa contemnendi sunt. 
 
 12. Quid tibi a me dicendum sit nescio. 
 
 13. Bellum ita gerendum est ut hostes intellegant se 
 
 victos esse. 
 
 14. Tantam eorum multitudinem nostri interfecerunt 
 
 quantum fuit diei spatium. 
 
 15. Naves reficiendas curat ut sine periculo navigent. 
 
SEC. 29 THE GERUNDIVE 95 
 
 1. The money must be given back to-day. 
 
 2. The house must be built at small cost. 
 
 3. The books should be put on the table. 
 
 4. I must write this letter at once. 
 
 5. You must repair your ship with very great care. 
 
 6. I have great hopes of seeing you soon. 
 
 7. The prisoners must be bound and sent to Caesar. 
 
 8. You must move nothing against my will. 
 
 9. Justice ought to be preferred by everybody to 
 
 money. 
 
 10. The soldiers must be put on board ship. 
 
 (906.) 
 
 1. You must return the book to-morrow. 
 
 2. We must buy some books to give the slaves. 
 
 3. We must leave our house and sell everything. 
 
 4. Why did you form the resolve of selling your 
 
 house ? 
 
 5. We must conquer the enemy in one battle. 
 
 6. Pain must be borne patiently by us all. 
 
 7. You must find the book which you have lost. 
 
 8. Shouts should be raised. We have conquered ! 
 
 9. May I not go into the garden for the sake of see- 
 
 ing the flowers ? 
 
 10. The weather is suitable for sailing. The ships 
 must be brought down to the shore. 
 
96 LATIN COUKSE SEC. 30 
 
 SECTION 30. 
 THE GERUNDIVE (Continued). 
 
 n 
 
 Verbs which govern a dative only are used impersonally 
 in the passive 
 
 Credo tibi, / believe you. 
 
 Tibi a me creditur, You are believed by me. 
 This of course also applies to the gerundive 
 
 Tibi non est credendum, One must not believe you. 
 
 (91.) 
 
 1. Cur ei credidisti ? talibus hominibus non est 
 
 credendum. 
 
 2. Milites non poterant adduci ut hostibus parcerent. 
 
 3. Quis nescit hostibus parcendum esse ? 
 
 4. Eespondetur mihi ne infantibus quidem parcendum 
 
 esse. 
 
 5. Quid ei rescripsisti? Mg ei semper fauturum esse. 
 
 6. Dixit orator rebus Caesaris ab omnibus bonis faven- 
 
 dum esse. 
 
 7. Ad urbem eundum est, ut hos libros emamus, illos 
 
 vendamus. - 
 
 8. Adeundae Syriae consilium deposuimus. 
 
 9. Pontem in Eheno faciendum curavit ut omnis 
 
 exercitus transiret. 
 
 10. Omnia militibus in castris relinquenda sunt ne in 
 
 itinere impediantur. 
 
 11. Alii Pompeio, Caesari alii, favendum esse dicunt. 
 
SEC. 30 THE GERUNDIVE 97 
 
 12. Ducentas naves aedificandas veteresque reficiendas 
 
 curaverat. 
 
 13. Dixit hoc facile factu esse : ei non est credendum. 
 
 14. Hostibus parcendum est, ne ab omnibus bonis 
 
 culpemur. 
 
 15. Neque mihi neque tibi a iudicibus favendum est. 
 
 16. Tanto itinere paucis diebus confecto fessi sumus. 
 
 1 7. Non modo mulieribus sed ne infantibus quidem a 
 
 vobis, milites, parcendum est. 
 
 18. Eogavit num omnes copiae in campum deducendae 
 
 essent. 
 
 (92.) 
 
 1. One must not believe everybody. 
 
 2. One must spare the soldiers. 
 
 3. Cicero favoured the cause of Pompeius. 
 
 4. We must go to the harbour to see the ships. 
 
 5. Have you given up the idea of going to Italy ? 
 .^6. Judges should favour nobody. 
 
 7. Everybody says that the baggage ought to be left 
 
 in the camp. 
 
 8. Do you ask whether Caesar ought to be believed ? 
 
 9. You must go to Rome to see the books. 
 
 10. Neither Caesar nor Pompeius should be believed. 
 
 11. I must favour neither you nor your friends. 
 
 12. The general said that we must spare neither old 
 
 men nor young children. 
 
 H 
 
98 LATIN COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 ^ 
 
 EECAPITULATORY EXERCISES. 
 (93.) 
 
 1. Non tibi licet patre invito diutius in urbe morari. 
 
 2. Non me fefellit opinio mea; Caesar Pompeium vicit. 
 
 3. Ex servo quaeram num domi sit mater tua. 
 
 4. Fenestra aperta, hos libros in mensam impone. 
 
 5. Hunc tibi librum do ut mei semper memineris. 
 
 6. Ego illud nomen ante hunc diem nunquam audivi. 
 
 7. Duos pontes in flumine faciendos curaverat. 
 
 8. Non possumus hodie ad te venire, nam pluit : eras 
 
 veniemus. 
 
 9. Tantam navem ego hodie in portu vidi quantum 
 
 antea nunquam videram. 
 
 1 0. His dictis ex me quaesivit num opus confectum esset. 
 
 11. Librorum legendorum causa te in hortum ire iussi. 
 
 12. Quaerenti mini num pater rediisset respondit eum 
 
 eras venturum esse. 
 
 13. Quis crederet eum aurum odisse? Num ita dicit? 
 
 14. Omnes, ut fit, negaverunt se victos esse. 
 
 15. Quid me fiet ? Tantum dolorem non possum ferre. 
 
 (94.) 
 
 1. They went to London in the morning and re turned 
 
 in the evening. 
 
 2. I do not know how many books there are on the 
 
 table. 
 
 3. When you have done this, you ought to help your 
 
 friend, 
 
SBC. 30 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES 99 
 
 4. He promises that he will come every day. 
 
 5. It so came about that the enemy did not attack us. 
 
 6. He went away to inform the consuls of these 
 
 matters. 
 
 7. Did you not promise ? You ask whether I pro- 
 
 mised ; I promised nothing. 
 
 8. Do you not remember that I often warned you ?-- 
 
 I had forgotten. 
 
 9. An opportunity having been given them, they set 
 
 out for the country. 
 10. The rest complained that no opportunity was given 
 
 them. 
 
 1 1 The weather is such that the ships cannot put out. 
 12. You are not allowed to go to the city in the 
 
 absence of your father. 
 
 (95.) 
 
 1. Quanti domum vendidisti ? Non tanti quanti emi. 
 
 2. Germanico bello confecto multis de causis Caesar 
 
 statuit sibi Ehenum esse transeundum. 
 
 3. Intellexerunt Germani et posse et audere populi 
 
 Eomani exercitum Ehenum transire. 
 
 4. His rebus cognitis a captivis Caesar praemisso 
 
 equitatu legiones sequi iussit. 
 
 5. Non novi viam. Docebo, tribus horis poteris Lon- 
 
 dinium venire. 
 
 6. Ad vastandos hostium fines profectus intellegit iam 
 
 vastatos esse. 
 
 7. Me iudice non est idonea ad navigandum tem- 
 
 pestas. 
 
100 LATIN COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 8. Die constitute omnes venerunt, ne se absentibus 
 
 concilium haberetur. 
 
 9. Nulla nobis proficiscendi occasio data est. 
 
 10. Consulum alter ab hostibus interfectus est, alter 
 
 captus est. 
 
 11. Unam legion em ad Bhenum misit, ne se invito 
 
 Germani transire conarentur. 
 
 1 2. Tantus fuit timor omnium ut non auderent longius 
 
 progredi. 
 
 13. Quaerentibus nobis num Galli victi essent re- 
 
 spondit eos neque vicisse neque victos esse. 
 
 14. Ita factum est ut nobis non sentientibus hostes 
 
 transirent. 
 
 15. Abeuntibus pueris pecuniam dedit pater, ut libros 
 
 emerent. 
 
 (96.) 
 
 1. For how much will you sell that book ? For as 
 
 much as I bought it. 
 
 2. I determined for many reasons that I must cross 
 
 the river. 
 
 3. When I heard these facts from you, I started for 
 
 London at once. 
 
 4. The ships, I believe, are not ready for sailing. 
 
 5. "Why do you ask me whether all things are 
 
 ready ? 
 
 6. If you are unwilling I will not go to-day. 
 
 7. That is how it happened that I forgot. 
 
 8. So great was his fear that he did not dare to answer. 
 
 9. When the war was finished all the soldiers were 
 
 dismissed. 
 
SKC. 30 RECAPITULATORY IEXEE01SES 101 
 
 10. They said that the labour of making the bridge 
 
 was very great. 
 
 11. Who asked you whether I were well ? All your 
 
 friends asked me. 
 
 12. The river must be crossed at once, lest the enemy 
 
 attack us. 
 
 (97.) 
 
 1. Satis verborum est : cura quae iussi atque abi. 
 
 2. Habe modo bonum animum ; mater mox redibit. 
 
 3. Moneo saepius te ut memineris : semper oblivisceris. 
 
 4. Veni hue, nam sunt quae ego ex te solo quaerere 
 
 volo. 
 
 5. Est Deus qui quae nos gerimus auditque et videt. 
 
 6. Optimum atque aequissimum oras, optimusque 
 
 hominurn es homo. 
 
 7. Pater/scio^)faciet quae ilium facere oportet omnia. 
 8.(j.ste eum sese ait qui non est et esse qui vero est 
 
 negat/ , ' 
 9. Ego tarn sum servus quam tu, etsi ego domi liber fui. 
 
 10. Memini te id nolle fieri. Te meminisse id gratum 
 
 est mihi. 
 
 11. lube ingentem ignem fieri. Ut vis fiat. 
 
 12. Sed die, oro te, pater meus tune es ? Ego sum, 
 
 nate mi. 
 
 13. Ilium puerum e conspectu abducite. Faciam ut 
 
 huius diei locique meique semper meminerit. 
 
 14. Captivus avis ferae similis est; semel fugiendi si 
 
 data est occasio satis est. 
 
 15. Turn denique homines nostra intellegimus bona, 
 
 cum quae in potestate habuimus ea amisimus. 
 
102 .LA7IW .COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 (98.) 
 
 1. Have you seen my brother ? He promised that 
 
 he would come to-day. 
 
 2. He inquired of me whether I had seen his brother. 
 
 I answered that I had not seen him. 
 
 3. Let us now return home, lest our friends come in 
 
 our absence. 
 
 4. The queen went away so quickly that we could 
 
 not see her. 
 
 5. Having left our baggage at Borne, we came to 
 
 Naples. 
 
 6. The Germans, after attacking our men, returned to 
 
 the camp. 
 
 7. May I open the window, father ? 
 
 8. Will the boy do all the things he ought to ? 
 
 9. These matters are not to be entrusted to boys. 
 
 10. Do you not remember that you promised this 
 
 yesterday ? 
 
 11. In my judgment this money ought to be paid to-day. 
 
 12. Not by Caesar only, but by Pompeius also should 
 
 their armies be dismissed. 
 
 (99.) 
 
 1. " Shut your gates," said Diogenes to the Myndians, 
 
 " lest your city go out of them." 
 
 2. When asked why I alone was silent, I answered 
 
 that I was absorbed in my thoughts. 
 
 3. When I had been shaved I asked the barber how 
 
 much I ought to give him. 
 
SEC. 30 RECAPITULATORY EXERCISES 103 
 
 4. He asked me whether I would rather be an orator 
 
 or a poet. 
 
 5. Have you forgotten that you were once a boy ? 
 
 6. Alarmed by the dream I got up. I saw nothing. 
 
 7. I asked him what he had in the waggon. 
 
 8. On the way, as generally happens, they got into 
 
 conversation. 
 
 9. The landlord called out that a man had been 
 
 murdered. 
 
 10. I do not recognise you, my soldiers ; nor do I seem 
 
 to be recognised by you. 
 
 11. They asked to whom he left the kingdom. 
 
 12. After dismissing the army he bade his friends come 
 
 nearer. 
 
 (100.) 
 
 1. Alas! miserable man that I am, I cannot pay. 
 
 2. You do nothing but play all day. 
 
 3. He asked me whether I was in good health. I 
 
 answered, " While there is life there is hope." 
 
 4. He said that labour conquers everything. 
 
 5. And so it happened that I was not present. 
 
 6. Not all lands can bear everything. 
 
 7. When I asked when he wished to return he 
 
 replied, " Never." 
 
 8. A slave ought to know more than he says. 
 
 9. A man was murdered in an inn by the landlord. 
 
 10. Having murdered the man, the landlord accused 
 
 another. 
 
 11. Necessity is the mother of invention. 
 
 12. There is no rose without a thorn. 
 
104 LATIN COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 XXIL 
 
 The Story of Joseph. 
 [Joseph is hated of his brethren. His two dreams.] 
 
 Israel diligebat Joseph l plus omnibus filiis eo quod 
 in senectute eum genuerat. / Videntes autem % eum 
 fratres a patre plus cunctis filiis amari oderunt, nee 
 poterant ei quidquam pacifice loqui. Accidit quoque 
 ut visum somnium referret fratribus ; quae res maioris 
 odii causa fuit. Dixit enim : " Audite somnium 
 meum quod vicli : putabam nos ligare ma'nipulos 2 in 
 agro, et quasi consurgere manipulum meum et stare, 
 vestrosque manipulos circumstantes adorare manipulum 
 meum." Eesponderunt fratres : " ISTumquid rex noster 
 eris ? aut subiciemur ditioni tuae ? " Haec verba 
 igitur invidiae et odii fomitem ministraverunt. Aliud 
 quoque vidit somnium, quod fratribus narravit : " Vidi 
 per somnium," inquit, " quasi solem et lunam et stellas 
 undecim adorare me." Quod cum patri et fratribus ret- 
 tulisset, increpavit eum pater, et dixit : " Quid sibi vult 
 hoc somnium quod vidisti ? num. ego et mater tua et 
 fratres tui te adorabimus ? " Invidebant ei igitur 
 fratres ; pater vero rem tacitus considerabat. 
 
 1 Notice that the Hebrew names have no terminations to show their 
 case. " Joseph " is here of course accusative. 2 Sheaves. 
 
SEC. 30 THE STORY OF JOSEPH 105 
 
 [Jacob sendeth Joseph to visit his brethren. His 
 brethren conspire his death. Eeuben saveth him. 
 They sell him to the Ishmaelites. His father, 
 deceived by the bloody coat, mourneth for him.] 
 
 Cumque fratres in pascendis gregibus patris mo- 
 rarentur in Sichimis, dixit ei Israel : " Fratres tui pas- 
 cunt oves in Sichimis : veni, mittam te ad eos." Quo 
 respondente : " Praesto sum," " Vade," inqiiit, " et vide 
 num fratres valeant et pecora, et renuntia mini quid 
 agatur." Fratres autem, cum vidissent eum procul 
 antequam accederet ad eos, cogitaverunt ilium occidere, 
 et inter se loquebantur : " Ecce somniator venit ! 
 Yenite, occidamus eum, et mittamus in cisternam 1 
 veterem, dicemusque : Fera pesshna devoravit eum, et 
 tune apparebit quid illi prosint somnia sua." His 
 tamen verbis auditis Eeuben nitebatur liberare eum de 
 manibus eorum, et dicebat : " Ne interficiatis eum, neve 
 effundatis sanguinem ; sed proicite eum in cisternam 
 hanc quae est in solitudine, manusque servate innoxias." 
 Hoc autem dicebat volens erigere eum de manibus 
 eorum et reddere patri. * Fratres igitur, cum primum 
 pervenit, nudaverunt eum tunica, miseruntque in 
 cisternam veterem, quae non habebat aquam . Et 
 sedentes ut comederent panem viderunt Ismaelitas 
 viatores venire et camelos eorum portantes aromata 2 
 et resinam 3 et stacten 4 in Aegyptum. Dixit ergo 
 Judah fratribus : " Quid nobis prodest si occiderimus 
 fratrem et celaverimus sanguinem ? Nonne praestat 
 venundare Ismaelitis, ne manus nostrae polluantur ? 
 
 1 Cistern, reservoir. 2 Spices. 3 Balm. 4 Myrrh. 
 
106 LATIN COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 Frater eniin et caro nostra est." Acquieveruntque 
 fratres. Extraxerunt igltur e cisterna et vendiderunt 
 eum viginti argenteis l Ismaelitis, qui duxerunt eum in 
 Aegyptum. Tulerunt autem tunicam eius et in san- 
 guine haedi quern occiderant tinxerunt, miseruntque qui 
 ferrent ad patrem et dicerent: "Hanc invenimus; 
 vide utrum tunica filii tui sit an non." Quam cum 
 agnovisset pater, ait : " Tunica filii mei est, fera pessima 
 comedit eum; bestia devoravit Joseph." Scissisque 
 vestibus indutus est cilicio 2 et diu filium luxit. Con- 
 gregatis autem cunctis liberis^ ut lenirent dolorem 
 patris, noluit consolationem accipere, sed ait : " De- 
 scendam ad filium nieum lugens in infernum.^/' 
 
 [He is sold to Potiphar in Egypt, and is advanced in 
 Potiphar's house. He is falsely accused and is 
 cast in prison.] 
 
 Igitur Joseph ductus est in Aegyptum, emitque 
 eum Potiphar, princeps exercitus, vir Aegyptius, de 
 manu Ismaelitarum, a quibus perductus erat. Euitque 
 Dominus cum eo et cuncta prospere egit. Invenitque 
 Joseph gratiam coram domino suo et ministrabat ei ; a 
 quo praepositus omnibus gubernabat creditam sibi 
 domum et universa quae ei tradita erant : benedixitque 
 Dominus domui Aegyptii propter Joseph, et multi- 
 plicavit tarn in aedibus quam in agris cunctam eius 
 substantiam, nee quidquam aliud noverat nisi panem 
 quo vescebatur. Post multos autem dies Joseph, falso 
 ab uxore Aegyptii accusatus, in carcerem iniectus est. 
 Fuit tamen Dominus cum Joseph, et miseritus illius 
 1 Pieces of silver. 2 Rough cloth, sackcloth. 
 
SEC. 30 THE STOEY OF JOSEPH 107 
 
 dedit ei gratiam in conspectu principis carceris ; qui 
 tradidit in manu illius omnes qui in custodia vincti 
 tenebantur, et quidquid fiebat sub ipso erat. Dominus 
 enim erat cum illo, et omnia opera eius dirigebat. 
 
 [The butler and baker of Pharaoh in prison. Joseph 
 hath charge of them. He interpreteth their dreams. 
 They come to pass according to his interpretation. 
 The ingratitude of the butler.] 
 
 Accidit autem ut peccarent duo eumjchi, pincerna l 
 regis Aegypti et pistor. 2 Iratusque Pharao (nam alter 
 pincernis praeerat, alter pistoribus) misit eos in car- 
 cerem, in quo vinctus est Joseph. At custos carceris 
 tradidit eos Joseph. Nocte una viderunt ambo som- 
 nium; mane autem, cum ad eos introisset Joseph et 
 vidisset tristes, sciscitatus est : " Cur tristior est hodie 
 
 solito fafijfyi vgsfrm. ? " Eesponderunt : 'J Somnium 
 vidimus, et non est qui interpretetur nobis." / Dixitque 
 Joseph : " Nbnne est Dei interpretatio ? Eeferte mini 
 quid videritis." Narravit prior praepositus pincer- 
 narum somnium suum : " Videbam vitem, in qua erant 
 tres propagines, crescere paulatim in gemmas, et post 
 flores uvas maturescere ; calixque Pharaonis in manu 
 mea erat ; tuli ergo uvas, et expressi in calicem quern 
 tenebam et tradidi poculum Pharaoni." Eespondit 
 Joseph : " Haec est interpretatio somnii. Tres propa- 
 gines tres adhuc dies sunt, post quos recordabitur^. 
 Pharao ministerii tui,et restituet te in gradum pristinum; 
 dabisque ei calicem secundum officium tuum, sicut 
 ante facere consueras. Tantum memento mei cum 
 
 1 Butler, cupbearer. 2 Baker. 
 
108 LATIN COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 bene tibi fuerit, et mei miseritus, suade Pharaoni ut 
 educat me de hoc carcere, quia furto sublatus sum de 
 terra Hebraeorum, et innocens hue missus sum." 
 Videns pistorum magister prudenter eum somnium 
 pincernae interpretatum esse ; " Et ego," ait, " vidi 
 somnium : tria canistra 1 farinae 2 in capite habebam, 
 et in uno canistro quod erat excelsius portabam omnes 
 cibos qui fiunt arte pistoria, avesque ex eo comedebant." 
 Kespondit Joseph : " Haec est interpretatio somnii. 
 Tria canistra tres adhuc dies sunt, post quos auferet 
 Pharao caput tuum ac suspendet te in cruce, et 
 lacerabunt volucres carnem tuam." Exinde dies 
 tertius natalitius Pharaonis erat, qui, grandi convivio 
 pueris 3 suis facto, recordatus est inter epulas 
 inagistri pincernarum et pistorum principis, resti- 
 tuitque alterum in locum suum ut porrigeret ei 
 poculum ; alterum suspendit in patibulo, 4 ut coniec- 
 toris 5 veritas probaretur. Magister tamen pincer- 
 narum, quamquam res prospere evenerant, oblitus est 
 interpretis sui. 
 
 [Pharaoh's two dreams.] 
 
 Post duos annos vidit Pharao somnium. Pavore 
 perterritus misit ad omnes coniectores Aegypti cunc- 
 tosque sapientes ; et accersitis narravit somnium, nee 
 erat qui interpretaretur. Turn locutus est pincernarum 
 magister : " Iratus rex servis suis me et magistrum pis- 
 torum retrudi iussit in carcerem, ubi una nocte uter- 
 que vidimus somnium, praesagum futurorum. Erat ibi 
 
 1 Basket. 2 Flour. 3 Servants. 
 
 4 Gibbet. 5 Diviner of dreams. 
 
SEC. 30 THE STOKY OF JOSEPH 109 
 
 puer 1 Hebraeus, duels militum famulus, cui cum somnia 
 narravissemus audivimus quidquid postea probavit 
 ^ventus; ego enim redditus sum officio meo, et ille 
 suspensus est in cruce." Protinus ad regis imperium 
 eductum e carcere Joseph totonderunt, ac veste mutata 
 obtulerunt ei. Cui ille ait : " Vidi somnia, nee est qui 
 edisserat ; te audivi somnia sapientissime conicere." 
 Eespondit Joseph : " Non ego possum, Deus autem re- 
 spondebit prospera Pharaoni." Narravit ergo Pharao 
 quod viderat : fw Putabam me stare in ripa fluminis, et 
 septem boves ab amne conscendere pulcherrimas et 
 obesis carnibus, quae in pastu paludis virecta 2 carpe- 
 bant. Et ecce has sequebantur aliae septem boves in 
 tantum deformes et macilentae, ut nunquam tales in 
 terra Aegypto viderim ; quae, devoratis et consumptis 
 prioribus nullum saturitatis dedere vestigium sed 
 simili macie et squalore torpebant. Evigilavi rursus 
 tamen sopore depressus, vidique somnium: septem 
 spicae pullulabant in culmo uno, plenae atque pulcher- 
 rimae. Aliae quoque septem tenues et percussae 
 uredine 3 oriebantur e stipula ; quae priorum pulchri- 
 tudinem devoraverunt. Narravi coniectoribus somnium, 
 et nemo est qui edisserat. 
 
 [Joseph interpreteth the dreams. He giveth Pharaoh 
 counsel.] 
 
 Ptespondit Joseph : " Somnium regis unum est : quae 
 facturus est Deus ostendit Pharaoni. Septem boves 
 pulchrae et septem spicae plenae septem ubertatis 
 anni sunt. Septem quoque boves tenues atque maci- 
 
 1 A young man ; Joseph was now thirty. 2 Reed-grass. 3 Blight, 
 
110 LATIN COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 lentae quae ascenderunt post eas et septem spicae 
 tenues et vento urente percussae septem anni venturae 
 sunt famis, qui hoc ordine complebuntur ; -ecce septem 
 anni venient fertilitatis magnae in universa terra 
 Aegypto, quos sequentur septem alii tantae sterilitatis 
 ut oblivioni tradatur cuncta priorum annorum abun- 
 dantia ; consumptura est enim fames omnem terram, et 
 ubertatis magnitudinem perditura est inopiae magni- 
 tude. Quod autem vidisti duo ad eandem rem per- 
 tinentia somnia firmitatis indicium est, ut fiat sermo 
 Dei, et velocius impleatur. Nunc ergo provideat rex 
 virum sapientem et industrium, et praeficiat eum terrae 
 Aegypto : is constituat praepositos per cunctas regiones 
 et quintam partem fructuum per septem annos fertili- 
 tatis, qui iam nunc futuri sunt, congreget in horrea ; 
 et omne frumentum sub Pharaonis potestate condatur 
 serveturque in urbibus. Et praeparetur futurae septem 
 annorurn fami, quae oppressura est Aegyptum, et non 
 consumetur terra inopia." 
 
 [Joseph is advanced. The famine beginneth.] 
 
 Placuit Pharaoni consilium et cunctis ministris eius, 
 locutusque est coram eis : " Num invenire poterimus 
 talem virum, qui spiritus Dei plenus sit ? " Dixit ergo 
 Joseph : " Quia ostendit tibi Deus omnia quae locutus 
 es, numquid sapientiorem et consimilem tui invenire 
 potero ? Tu reges domum meam, et ad tui oris im- 
 perium cunctus populus obediet; uno tan turn regni 
 solio te praecedam." Dixitque rursus Pharao Joseph : 
 "Ecce tibi imperium universa terra Aegypto dedi." 
 Tulitque annulum de manu sua, et dedit Joseph ; ves- 
 
SEC. 30 THE STORY OF JOSEPH 111 
 
 tivitque eum stola 1 byssina, 2 et collo torquem auream 
 circumposuit ; curruque suo secundo vehi iussit, cla- 
 mante praecone, ut omnes coram eo genu flecterent et 
 praepositum esse scirent universae terrae Aegypto. 
 Dixitque quoque rex Joseph : " Ego sum Pharao ; 
 absque tuo imperio non movebit quisquam manum aut 
 pedem in omni terra Aegypto." Yertitque nomen eius, 
 et vocavit eum lingua Aegyptiaca Salvatorem mundi. 
 Joseph autem circuivit omnes regiones Aegypti ; venit- 
 que fertilitas septem annorum, et in manipulos re- 
 dactae segetes congregatae sunt in horrea Aegypti. 
 Omnis autem frugum abundantia in singulis urbibus 
 condita est. Tantaque fuit abundantia tritici ut 
 arenae maris coaequaretur, et copia mensuram ex- 
 cederet. Igitur, transactis septem ubertatis annis qui 
 fuerant in Aegypto, coeperunt venire septem anni in- 
 opiae, quos praedixerat Joseph, et in universo orbe 
 fames praevaluit ; in cuncta tamen terra Aegypto panis 
 erat. Populus autem esuriens ad Pharaonem con- 
 veniebat, alimenta petens. Quibus ille respondit : " Ite 
 ad Joseph; et quidquid ipse vobis dixerit, facite." 
 Crescebat autem cotidie fames in omni terra, aperuitque 
 Joseph universa horrea et vendebat Aegyptiis, nam et 
 illos oppresserat fames. Exterae quoque gentes venie- 
 bant in Aegyptum, ut emerent escas et malum inopiae 
 moderarentur. 
 
 [Jacob sendeth his ten sons to buy corn in Egypt. 
 They are imprisoned by Joseph for spies.] 
 
 Audiens autem Jacob pater alimenta vendi in 
 
 1 Robe. - Of fine linen. 
 
112 LATIN COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 Aegypto dixit filiis suis : " Quare negligitis ? Audivi 
 triticum venundari in Aegypto : descendite et emite 
 nobis necessaria, ut possimus vivere et non consuma- 
 mur inopia." Descenderunt igitur fratres Joseph 
 decem, ut emerent fmmenta in Aegypto ; Benjamin 
 tamen pater domi retinuit, " Ne forte," inquit, " in 
 itinere quidquid patiatur mali." Ingressi sunt terram 
 Aegyptum cum aliis qui pergebant ad emendum. 
 Erat autem fames in terra Chanaan et Joseph erat 
 princeps in Aegypto, atque ad eius nutum frumenta 
 populis vendebantur. Cumque adorassent eum fratres, 
 et ille agnovisset eos, quasi alienos durius compellans 
 interrogavit : " Unde venistis ? " Eesponderunt : " De 
 terra Chanaan, ut emamus victui necessaria," et tamen 
 quamquam ipse cognovit, non est cognitus ab eis. 
 Eecordatusque somniorum quae aliquando viderat, 
 " Exploratores," inquit, " estis ; ut videatis infirmiora 
 terrae venistis." Dixerunt : " Non est ita, domine ; 
 sed servi tui venerunt ut emerent cibos. Omnes filii 
 unius viri sumus ; pacifici venimus, nee quidquam famuli 
 tui machinantur rnali." Quibus ille respondit : " Aliter 
 est ; ut immunita terrae huius videretis venistis." At 
 illi : " Duodecim, inquiunt, servi tui fratres sumus, filii 
 viri unius in terra Chanaan ; minimus cum patre nostro 
 est, alter decessit." " Hoc est," ait, " quod locutus sum. 
 Exploratores estis. lam nunc vos experiar : per salu- 
 tem Pharaonis non egrediemini hinc donee venerit frater 
 vester minimus. Mittite ex vobis unum et adducat 
 eum : vos autem eritis in vinculis, donee probata sint 
 quae dixistis, utrum vera an falsa sint : alioquin per 
 salutem Pharaonis exploratores estis." 
 
SEC. 30 THE STORY OF JOSEPH 113 
 
 [The brothers are set at liberty, on condition to bring 
 Benjamin. They have remorse for Joseph. 
 Simeon is kept for a pledge.] 
 
 Tradidit ergo illos custodiae tribus diebus. Die 
 autem tertio eductis de carcere : " Facite," inquit, 
 " quae dixi et vivetis ; Deum enim timeo. Si pacifici 
 estis, frater vester unus ligetur in carcere ; vos autem 
 abite et ferte frumenta quae emistis in domos vestras ; 
 et fratrem vestrum minimum ad me adducite, ut 
 possim vestros probare sermones et non moriamini." 
 Fecerunt ut dixerat, et inter se locuti sunt : " Merito 
 haec patimur, quia peccavimus in fratrem, videntes 
 eum animo angi dum deprecatur nos, et non audivi- 
 mus ; idcirco venit haec tribulatio." E quibus unus, 
 Eeuben, " Nonne," inquit, " dixi vobis : nolite peccare 
 in puerum ; et non audistis me ? en sanguis eius ex- 
 quiritur." Nesciebant autem Joseph intellegere, eo quod 
 per interpretem loquebatur. Avertit Joseph se parumper 
 et flevit, et reversus alia locutus est. Simeon autem 
 ligavit, ministrosque implere iussit eorum saccos tri- 
 tico et pecunias singulorum in sacculis suis reponere, 
 datis supra cibariis in viam ; ministri fecerunt ita. 
 
 [The brothers return with corn and their money. 
 Their relation to Jacob. Jacob refuseth to send 
 Benjamin.] 
 
 At illi, portantes frumenta in asinis suis, profecti 
 sunt. Apertoque unus sacco ut daret iumento pabulum 
 in deversorio, contemplatus pecuniam in ore sacci, 
 dixit fratribus : " Eeddita est mihi pecunia ; en ha- 
 
 I 
 
114 LATIN COUESE SEC. 30 
 
 beo earn in sacco ! " et obstupefacti turbatique inter se 
 dixemnt : " Quidnam est hoc quod fecit nobis Deus ? " 
 Veneruntque ad Jacob patrem sunm in terram Chanaan, 
 et narraverunt ei omnia quae accidissent sibi dicentes : 
 Locutus est dominus terrae dure, et putavit nos ex- 
 ploratores esse provinciae ; cui respondimus : " Pacifici 
 sumus, nee ullas molimur insidias. Duodecim fratres 
 uno patre geniti sumus : unus decessit, minimus cum 
 patre nostro est in terra Chanaan/' " Sic probabo/' in- 
 quit, " num pacifici sitis : fratrem vestrum meum dimit- 
 tite apud me, et cibaria domibus vestris necessaria 
 sumite et abite, fratremque vestrum minimum adducite 
 ad me, ut sciam vos non esse exploratores ; turn istum 
 qui tenetur in vinculis recipere poteritis, ac deinceps 
 quae vultis emendi habebitis licentiam." His dictis, 
 cum frumenta effunderent, singuli reppererunt in ore 
 saccorum ligatas pecunias ; exterritisque simul omnibus, 
 dixit pater Jacob : " Absque liberis me esse fecistis : 
 Joseph decessit, Simeon tenetur in vinculis, et Benjamin 
 auferetis ; in me haec omnia mala reciderunt." Cui re- 
 spondit Eeuben: "Duos filios meos interfice, si non redux- 
 ero ilium tibi ; trade ilium in manum meam, et ego eum 
 tibi restituam." At ille : " Non descendet," inquit, " filius 
 meus vobiscum ; frater eius mortuus est, et ipse solus 
 remansit ; si quid ei adversi acciderit in terra ad quam 
 pergitis, deducetis canos meos cum dolore ad inferos." 
 
 [Jacob is hardly persuaded to send Benjamin.] 
 
 Interim fames onmem terram vehementer premebat ; 
 consumptisque cibis quos ex Aegypto detulerant dixit 
 Jacob filiis : " Eevertite, et emite nobis pauxillum 
 
SEC. 30 THE STORY OF JOSEPH 115 
 
 escarum." Eespondit Judah : " Denuntiavit nobis vir 
 ille iuravitque dicens : Non videbitis faciem meam, 
 nisi fratrem vestrum minimum adduxeritis vobiscum. 
 Si ergo vis eum mittere nobiscum, pergemus, et 
 emeinus tibi necessaria ; sin autem non vis, lion 
 ibimus ; vir enim, ut saepe diximus, denuntiavit 
 nobis, dicens : Non videbitis faciem meam nisi fratrem 
 vestrum minimum adduxeritis/' Dixit eis Israel : 
 " In meam hoc fecistis miseriam, cum indicastis ei et 
 alium habere vos fratrem." At illi responderunt : 
 " Interrogavit nos homo per ordinem nostram pro- 
 geniem ; num pater viveret, num. alium haberemus 
 fratrem ; et nos respondimus ; numquid scire poteramus 
 eum dictururn esse : Adducite fratrem vestrum vobis- 
 cum ? " Judah quoque dixit patri : " Mitte puerum 
 mecum ut proficiscamur, et possimus vivere, ne mori- 
 amur nos et parvuli nostri. Ego suscipio puerum ; de 
 manu mea require ilium. Nisi reduxero et reddidero 
 eum tibi, ero peccati reus in te omni tempore. Si non 
 intercessisset dilatio, iam domum redivissemus." Igitur 
 Israel, pater eorum, dixit : " Si sic necesse est, facite 
 quod vultis ; sumite de optimis terrae fructibus in vasis 
 vestris, et deferte viro munera, pauxillum resinae, et 
 mellis, et storacis, stactes, et terebinthi, et amygda- 
 larum. 1 Pecuniam quoque duplicem ferte vobiscum ; 
 et illam, quam invenistis in saccis reportate, ne forte 
 errore factum sit ; sed et fratrem vestrum tollite, et ite 
 ad virurn. Deus autem meus omnipotens faciat vobis 
 eum placabilem, et remittat vobiscum fratrem vestrum 
 quern tenet, et hunc Benjamin ; ego autem quasi orba- 
 tus, absque liberis ero." 
 
 1 Almonds. 
 
116 LATIN COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 [Joseph entertaineth his brethren. He maketh them 
 a feast.] 
 
 Tulerunt ergo viri munera, et pecuniam duplicem 
 et Benjamin ; descenderuntque in Aegyptum, et stete- 
 runt coram Joseph. Quos cum vidisset et Benjamin 
 simul, praecepit dispensatori domus suae, dicens : 
 " Introduc viros domum, et occide pecudes, et instrue 
 convivium, quoniam mecum sunt comesturi meridie." 
 Fecit ille quod sibi imperatum erat, et introduxit viros 
 domum. Ibique exterriti, inter se dixerunt : " Propter 
 pecuniam, quam rettulimus prius in saccis nostris 
 introducti sumus, ut devolvat in nos calumniam, 1 et 
 violenter subiciat servituti et nos et asinos nostros." 
 Quamobrem in ipsis foribus accedentes ad dispensa- 
 torem domus, locuti sunt : " Oramus, domine, ut 
 audias nos. lam ante descendimus, ut emeremus 
 escas ; quibus emptis, cum venissemus ad deversorium, 
 aperuimus saccos nostros, et invenimus pecuniam in 
 ore s? p corum; quam nunc eodem pondere reportavi- 
 mus. 1 ^d et aliud attulimus argentum, ut emamus 
 quae nobis necessaria sunt ; ipsi nescimus quis 
 posuerit pecuniam in marsupiis 2 nostris." At ille 
 respondit : " Pax vobiscum ! nolite timere. Deus 
 vester et Deus patris dedit vobis thesauros in saccis 
 vestris ; nam pecuniam quam dedistis mihi, ipse pro- 
 bavi." Eduxitque ad eos Simeon, et introductis 
 domum attulit aquam, et laverunt pedes ; deditque 
 pabulum asinis. Illi vero parabant munera, donee 
 ingrederetur Joseph meridie ; audierant enim se ibi 
 1 Roll (i.e. hurl), a false charge against us. 2 Purses. 
 
SEC. 30 THE STOEY OF JOSEPH 117 
 
 panem comesturos esse. Igitur ingressus est Joseph 
 doinum suam, obtuleruntque ei munera, tenentes in 
 manibus ; et adoraverunt proni in terram. At ille 
 clementer resalutatis 1 eis, interrogavit eos dicens: 
 " Salvusne est pater vester, senex de quo dixeratis 
 mihi ? Adhuc vivit ? " Eesponderunt : " Sospes 
 est servus tuus, pater noster; adhuc vivit." Et 
 incurvati, adoraverunt eum. Attollens autem Joseph 
 oculos, vidit Benjamin, fratrem suum uterinum, 2 et 
 ait : " Iste est frater vester parvulus, de quo dixeratis 
 mini ? " Et rursus : " Deus," inquit, " misereatur tui, 
 fili mi." Festinavitque, quia commotus est amore 
 fratris, et erumpebant lacrimae : introiit cubiculum 
 et flevit. Eursusque lota facie egressus continuit 
 se et ait : " Ponite cibum." Seorsum Joseph cena 
 parabatur et seorsum fratribus, Aegyptiis quoque 
 qui vescebantur simul, seorsum (illicitum est enim 
 Aegyptiis comedere cum Hebraeis et profanum putant 
 huiuscemodi convivium). Sederunt igitur fratres 
 corarn eo, partesque acceperunt ab eo ; maiorque pars 
 venit Benjamin, ita ut quinque partibus excec^ .et. 
 
 [Joseph's plan to stay his brethren.] 
 
 Praecepit autem Joseph dispensatori domus suae 
 dicens : Imple saccos eorum frumento, quantum possunt 
 capere, et pone pecuniam singulorum summis in saccis ; 
 scyphum 3 autem meum argenteum et pretium quod 
 dedit tritici pone in ore sacci iunioris. Eactumque 
 est ita. Et orto mane, dimissi sunt cum asinis suis. 
 
 1 Having returned their salute. 
 2 Uterinusy born of the same mother. 3 Cup. 
 
118 LATIN COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 lamque urbe exierunt, et processerant paululum ; 
 tune Joseph accersito dispensatore domus : " Surge," 
 inquit, " et persequere viros et apprehensis dicito : 
 Quare reddidistis malum pro bono ? Scyphus, quern 
 furati estis, ille est ex quo bibit dominus meus, et 
 quo augurari solet ; pessimam rem fecistis." Fecit ille 
 ut iusserat. Et apprehensis per ordinem locutus est. 
 Eesponderunt : " Quare sic loquitur dorninus noster ? 
 servi tui nullum flagitium commiserunt. Pecuniam, 
 quam invenimus in summis saccis reportavimus ad te 
 de terra Chanaan ; neque hoc ternpore furati sumus de 
 domo domini tui aurum vel argentum. Apud quem- 
 cunque fuerit inventum servorum tuorum quod quaeris 
 moriatur, et nos erimus servi domini nostri." Dixit 
 eis : " Fiat secundum vestram sententiam ; apud quem- 
 cunque fuerit inventum, ipse sit servus meus, vos autem 
 eritis innoxii." Itaque statim, depositis in terram 
 saccis, aperuerunt singuli. Quos scrutatus, incipiens a 
 maiore usque ad minimum, invenit scyphum in sacco 
 Benjamin. At illi, scissis vestibus, oneratisque rursus 
 asinis, redierunt in oppidum. Primusque Judah cum 
 fratribus ingressus est ad Joseph (necdum enim de loco 
 abierat) ; omnesque ante eum pariter in terram cor- 
 ruerunt. Quibus ille : " Cur sic agere voluistis ? " in- 
 quit, " An ignoratis non esse similem mei in augurandi 
 scientia ? " Cui Judah : " Quid respondebimus," inquit, 
 " domino meo ? vel quid loquemur, aut iuste poterimus 
 obtendere ? Deus invenit iniquitatem servorum 
 tuorum ; en omiies servi sumus domini mei, et nos, et 
 apud quern iiiventus est scyphus." Eespondit Joseph : 
 " Minime vero ; non sic again ! qui furatus est scyphum, 
 
SEC. 30 THE STORY OF JOSEPH 119 
 
 is sit servus meus ; vos autem abite liberi ad patrem 
 vestnun." 
 
 [Judah's humble supplication to Joseph.] 
 
 Accedens autem propius Judah, confidenter dixit : 
 " Oro, domine mi, loquatur servus tuus verbum in auri- 
 bus tuis et ne irascaris famulo tuo ; tu es enim post 
 Pharaonem dominus meus. Interrogasti prius servos 
 tuos : Habetis patrem aut fratrem ? Et nos respon- 
 dimus tibi, domino meo : Est nobis pater senex, et 
 puer parvulus, qui in senectute illius natus est ; 
 cuius uterinus frater mortuus est ; et ipsum solum 
 habet mater sua, pater autem tenere diligit eum. Dix- 
 istique servis tuis : Adducite eum ad me, ut oculos 
 in eum coniciam. Diximus domino meo : Non potest 
 puer relinquere patrem ; si enim ilium dimiserit, 
 morietur. Et dixisti servis tuis : Nisi venerit frater 
 vester minimus vobiscum, non videbitis amplius faciem 
 meam. Cum ergo ascendissemus ad famulum tuum 
 patrem nostrum, narravimus ei omnia quae locutus est 
 dominus meus. Et dixit pater noster : Eevertite, et 
 emite nobis pauxillum tritici. Sed nos diximus : Ire 
 non possumus ; si frater noster minimus descenderit 
 nobiscum, proficiscemur statim ; alioquin, illo absente, 
 non audemus videre faciem viri. Eespondit ille : 
 Vos scitis duos genuisse mini uxorem meam. Egres- 
 sus est unus, et dixistis : ' Bestia devoravit eum/ et 
 hucusque non comparet. Si tuleritis et ilium, et 
 aliquid ei in via acciderit, deducetis canos meos cum 
 maerore ad inferos. Igitur si intravero ad servum 
 tuum patrem nostrum, et puer defuerit (cum anima 
 
120 LATIN COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 illius ex hums anima pendeat), videritque eum non esse 
 nobiscum, morietur, et deducent famuli tui canos eius 
 cum dolore ad inferos. Ego iure servus tuus sim, qui 
 in meam hunc recepi fidem, et spopondi dicens : Nisi 
 reduxero eum peccati reus ero in patrem meum omni 
 tempore. Manebo itaque servus tuus pro puero in 
 ministerio domini mei, et puer ascendat cum fratribus 
 suis. Non enim possumus redire ad patrem meum, 
 absente puero, ne calamitatis, quae oppressura est 
 patrem meum, testis assistam." 
 
 [Joseph maketh himself knoWn to his brethren.] 
 
 se poterat ultra cohibere Joseph; multis 
 coram astantibus praecepit ut egrederentur cuncti 
 foras, ne quis interesset alienus agnitioni mutuae. 
 Elevavitque vocem cum fletu, quam audierunt Aegyptii, 
 omnisque domus Pharaonis. Et dixit fratribus : " Ego 
 sum Joseph; adhuc pater meus vivit ?" Non poterant 
 respondere fratres, nimio terrore perterriti. At ille 
 clementer : " Accedite/' inquit, " ad me." Et cum 
 accessissent prope : " Ego sum," ait, " Joseph, frater 
 vester, quern vendidistis in Aegyptum. Nolite pavere, 
 neque vobis irasci quod vendidistis me in his regioni- 
 bus ; pro salute enim vestra misit me Deus ante vos 
 in Aegyptum. Biennium est enim quod coepit fames 
 esse in terra; et adhuc quinque anni restant, quibus 
 nee arari poterit, nee meti. Praemisitque me Deus 
 ut reservemini in terra, et escas ad vivendum habere 
 possitis. Non vestro consilio sed Dei voluntate hue 
 missus sum, qui fecit me quasi patrem Pharaonis, et 
 dominum universae domus eius, ac principem in omni 
 
SEC. 30 THE STORY OF JOSEPH 121 
 
 terra Aegypto. Festinate, et ascendite ad patrem 
 meuni, et dicetis ei : Haec mandat filius tuns Joseph : 
 Deus fecit me dominum universae terrae Aegypti ; 
 descende ad me ; ne moreris ; et habitabis in terra 
 Gessen, erisque iuxta me tu, et filii tui, et filii filiorum 
 tuorum, oves tuae, et armenta tua, et omnia quae 
 possides. En oculi vestri et oculi fratris mei Benjamin 
 vident linguam meam vobis loqui. Nuntiate patri 
 meo omnem gloriam meam, et cuncta quae vidistis in 
 Aegypto. Festinate, et adducite eum ad ine." Cumque 
 amplexatus recidisset in collum Benjamin fratris sui, 
 flevit, qui ipse quoque super collo eius flevit. Osculatus- 
 que est Joseph omnes fratres suos, et ploravit super 
 singulis ; post quae ausi sunt ei loqui. 
 
 Auditumque est, et celebri sermone vulgatum in 
 aula regis : " Yenerunt fratres Joseph ; et gavisus est 
 Pharao, atque omnis familia eius." 
 
 [The brothers return home to bring Jacob.] 
 
 Dimisit ergo fratres et proficiscentibus dixit "ITe 
 rixemini in via." Itaque ascenderunt ex Aegypto, et, 
 cum in terram Chanaan venissent ad patrem suum 
 Jacob, nuntiaverunt ei dicentes : " Joseph filius tuus 
 vivit, et ipse dominatur in omni terra Aegypto." Quibus 
 auditis Jacob, quasi e gravi somno evigilans, tarn en 
 non credebat eis. Illi tamen referebant omnem ordinem 
 rei. Cumque vidisset plaustra, et universa quae 
 Joseph miserat, revixit spiritus eius, et dixit : " Sufficit 
 mihi si adhuc Joseph filius meus vivit; vadam, et 
 videbo ilium, antequam moriar." 
 
122 LATIN COURSE SEC. 30 
 
 [Joseph meeteth Jacob.] 
 
 Profectusque Israel cum omnibus quae habebat 
 venit in terrain Aegyptum. Misit autem Judah ante 
 se ad Joseph, ut nuntiaret ei et occurreret in Gessen. 
 Quo cum pervenisset, iuncto Joseph curru suo, ascendit 
 obviam patri suo ad eundem locum ; vidensque eum 
 irruit super collum eius, et inter amplexus flevit. 
 Dixitque pater Joseph : " lam laetus moriar, quia vidi 
 faciem tuam, et superstitem te relinquo." 
 
THE CONJUGATION OF SOME IEEEGULAE 
 VEEBS 
 
 Possum, I am able, I can. 
 
 
 INDICATIVE 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE 
 
 Present. 
 
 S. possum 
 potes 
 potest 
 P. possumus 
 potestis 
 possunt 
 
 S. possim 
 possis 
 possit 
 P. posslmus 
 possitis 
 possint 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 S. poteram 
 poteras 
 poterat 
 P. poteramus 
 poteratis 
 poterant 
 
 S. possem 
 posses 
 posset 
 P. possemus 
 possetis 
 possent 
 
 Future. 
 
 potero, etc. 
 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 potui, etc. 
 
 potuerim, etc. 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 potueram, etc. 
 
 potuissem,etc. 
 
 Future Perfect. 
 
 potuero, etc. 
 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present, posse. Perfect, potuisse. 
 
 Present Participle, potens (adj.) 
 
124 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 Capio, I take (see p. 60). 
 
 
 INDICATIVE 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE 
 
 Present. 
 
 S. capio 
 capis 
 capit 
 P. capimus 
 capitis 
 capiunt 
 
 capiam 
 capias, etc. 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 capiebam, etc. 
 
 S. caperem 
 caperes 
 caperet 
 P. caperemus 
 caperetis 
 caperent 
 
 Future. 
 
 capiam 
 capies, etc. 
 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 cepi, etc. 
 
 ceperim, etc. 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 ceperam, etc. 
 
 cepissem, etc. 
 
 Future Perfect. 
 
 cepero, etc. 
 
 
 Pres. 
 
 S. cape 1 ) 
 P. capite / 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 S. 2. capito, you shall take. 
 , , -pi . 3. capito, he shall take. 
 
 - P. 2. capitote, you shall take. 
 3. capiunto, they shall take. 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 Present, capere. Perfect, cepisse. 
 
 Future, capturus ease. 
 
 Present Participle, capiens. Future Participle, capturus. 
 
 Gerund, capiendi, -do, -dum. Supines, captum, captu. 
 
 1 Facio makes fac. 
 
CONJUGATION OF SOME IRREGULAR VERBS 
 
 125 
 
 Capior, / am taken. 
 
 
 INDICATIVE 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE 
 
 Present. 
 
 S. capior 
 caperis 
 capitur 
 P. capimur 
 capimini 
 capiuntur 
 
 capiar, etc, 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 capiebar, etc. 
 
 S. caperer 
 capereris 
 caperetur 
 P. caperemur 
 caperemini 
 caperentur 
 
 Future. 
 
 capiar 
 capieris, etc. 
 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 captus sum, etc. 
 
 captus sim, etc. 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 captus eram, etc. 
 
 captus essem, etc. 
 
 Future Perfect. 
 
 captus ero, etc. 
 
 
 IMPERATIVE 
 
 S. 2. capitor, you \ , 77 
 
 o, j. 7. . I s/iau 
 
 V T, - 
 
 S. 2. capere ) , , , . . 3. capitor, he i 
 Pres - P. 2. capunini } be taken! Fwt P. 2. capimini, you f 
 
 3 . capiuntor, they ) 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present, capi. Perfect, captus esse. 
 
 Future, captum iri. 
 Present Participle, captus. Gerundive, capiencLus. 
 
126 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 Fero, / bring. 
 
 
 INDICATIVE 
 
 ! 
 SUBJUNCTIVE 
 
 Present. 
 
 8. fero 
 fers 
 fert 
 P. ferimus 
 fert is 
 ferunt 
 
 feram 
 feras, etc. 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 ferebam, etc. 
 
 ferrem 
 ferres 
 ferret 
 P. ferremus 
 ferretis 
 ferrent 
 
 Future. 
 
 feram 
 feres, etc. 
 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 tuli, etc. 
 
 tulerim, etc. 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 tuleram, etc. 
 
 tulissem, etc. 
 
 Future Perfect. 
 
 tulero, etc. 
 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 S. fer 
 
 S. 2. ferto, you shall bring. 
 3. ferto, he shall bring. 
 
 } "'P. 2. fertote, you shall bring. 
 
 3. ferunto, they shall tiring. 
 INFINITIVE. 
 Present, ferre. Perfect, tulisse. 
 
 Future, laturus esse. 
 
 Present Participle, ferens. Future Participle, laturus. 
 
 Gerund, ferendi, -do, -dum. Supines, latum, latu. 
 
 Obs. 1. Like fero, are declined its compounds affero, confero, etc. 
 
 Obs. 2. You observe that there are here really three distinct verbs. 
 The one that goes to make the supine appears again in sub-latum, the 
 supine of tollo. 
 
CONJUGATION OF SOME IRREGULAR VERBS 
 
 127 
 
 Feror, I am brought. 
 
 
 INDICATIVE 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE 
 
 Present. 
 
 feror 
 ferris 
 fertur 
 P. ferimur 
 ferimini 
 feruntur 
 
 ferar 
 feraris, etc. 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 ferebar, etc. 
 
 S. ferrer 
 ferreris 
 ferretur 
 P. ferremur 
 ferremini 
 ferrentur 
 
 Future. 
 
 ferar 
 fereris, etc. 
 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 latus sum, etc. 
 
 latus sim, etc. 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 latus eram, etc. 
 
 latus essem, etc. 
 
 Future Perfect. 
 
 latus ero, etc. 
 
 
 n , S. ferre. 
 Present. . . . 
 ' P. ferimini. 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 S. 2. fertor. 
 
 Future, 3. fertor. 
 
 P. 3. feruntor. 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present, ferri. 
 Perfect, latus esse. 
 Future, latum iri. 
 Past Participle, latus. Gerundive, ferendus. 
 
128 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 Volo, I am willing ', I wish. 
 
 
 INDICATIVE 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE 
 
 
 8. volo 
 
 8. velim 
 
 
 vis 
 
 veils 
 
 Present. 
 
 vult 
 P. volumus 
 
 velit 
 P. velimus 
 
 
 vultis 
 
 velitis 
 
 
 volunt 
 
 velint 
 
 
 & volebam 
 
 S. vellem 
 
 
 volebas 
 
 velles 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 volebat 
 P. volebamus 
 
 vellet 
 P. vellemus 
 
 
 volebatis 
 
 velletis 
 
 
 volebant 
 
 vellent 
 
 
 S. volam 
 
 
 
 voles 
 
 
 Future. 
 
 volet 
 P. volemus 
 
 
 
 voletis 
 
 
 
 volent 
 
 
 
 S. volui 
 
 S. voluerim 
 
 
 voluisti 
 
 volueris 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 voluit 
 P. voluimus 
 
 voluerit 
 P. voluerimus 
 
 
 voluistis [voluere 
 
 volueritis 
 
 
 voluerunt and 
 
 voluerint 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 volueram, etc. 
 
 voluissem, etc. 
 
 
 S. voluero 
 
 
 
 volueris 
 
 
 Future Perfect. 
 
 voluerit 
 P. voluerimus 
 
 
 
 volueritis 
 
 
 
 voluerint 
 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present, velle. Perfect, voluisse. 
 
 Present Participle, volens. 
 
CONJUGATION OF SOME IRREGULAR VERBS 
 
 129 
 
 Nolo, I am unwilling. 
 
 
 INDICATIVE SUBJUNCTIVE 
 
 
 S. nolo 
 
 S. nolim 
 
 
 nonvis 
 
 nolis 
 
 Present. 
 
 nonvult 
 P.nolumus 
 
 nolit 
 P. nolimus 
 
 
 nonvultis 
 
 nolitis 
 
 
 nolunt 
 
 nolint 
 
 
 
 S. nollem 
 
 
 
 nolles 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 nolebam, etc. 
 
 nollet 
 P. nollemus 
 
 
 
 nolletis 
 
 
 
 nollent 
 
 Future. 
 
 nolam 
 noles, etc. 
 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 nolui, etc. 
 
 noluerim, etc. 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 nolueram, etc. 
 
 noluissem, etc. 
 
 Future Perfect. noluero, etc. 
 
 
 Pres. 
 
 S. noli 
 P. nolite 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 do not. 
 
 Fut. 
 
 S. 2. nolito, you shall not. 
 
 3. nolito, he shall not* 
 P. 2. nolitote, 
 
 3. nolunto. 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present, nolle. ' Perfect, noluisse, 
 
 Present Participle, nolens. 
 
 Note. Nolo used to be ne-volo. 
 K 
 
130 
 
 LATIN COUESE 
 
 Malo, I had rather, I prefer. 
 
 
 INDICATIVE 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE 
 
 Present. 
 
 8. xnalo 
 mavis 
 mavult 
 P. malumus 
 mavultis 
 malunt 
 
 8. malim 
 mails 
 malit 
 P. malimus 
 malitis 
 malint 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 malebam, etc. 
 
 S. mallem 
 malles 
 mallet 
 P. mallemus 
 malletis 
 mallent 
 
 Future. 
 
 malam 
 males, etc. 
 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 malui, etc. 
 
 maluerim, etc. 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 malueram, etc. 
 
 maluissem, etc. 
 
 Future Perfect. 
 
 maluero, etc. 
 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present, malle. 
 Perfect, maluisse. 
 
CONJUGATION OF SOME IRREGULAR VERBS 
 
 131 
 
 Fio, / am made, I become. 
 
 
 INDICATIVE 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE 
 
 Present. 
 
 8. no 
 fis 
 fit 
 P. f imus 
 fitis 
 flunt 
 
 flam 
 fias, etc. 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 fiebam, etc. 
 
 S. fierem 
 fieres 
 fleret 
 P. fieremus 
 fieretis 
 flerent 
 
 Future. 
 
 flam 
 fies, etc. 
 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 factus sum, etc. 
 
 factus sim, etc. 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 factus eram, etc. 
 
 factus essem, etc. 
 
 Future Perfect. 
 
 factus ero, etc. 
 
 
 S. fl. 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 Future, 
 
 S. 2. flto. 
 
 3. flto. 
 P. 2. fltote. 
 
 3. flunto. 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present, fieri. 
 Perfect, factus esse. 
 Future, factum iri. 
 Past Participle, factus. Gerundive, faciendus. 
 
132 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 Eo, I go. 
 
 
 INDICATIVE 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE 
 
 
 S. eo 
 
 S. earn 
 
 
 is 
 
 eas 
 
 Present. 
 
 it 
 P. imus 
 
 eat 
 P. eamus 
 
 
 itis 
 
 eatis 
 
 
 eunt 
 
 eant 
 
 
 S. ibam 
 
 S. irem 
 
 
 ibas 
 
 ires 
 
 Imperfect. 
 
 ibat 
 P. ibamus 
 
 iret 
 P. iremus 
 
 
 ibatis 
 
 iretis 
 
 
 ibant 
 
 irent 
 
 
 ibo 
 
 
 
 ibis 
 
 
 
 ibit 
 
 
 Future. 
 
 P. ibimus 
 
 
 
 ibitis 
 
 
 
 ibunt 
 
 
 
 ii 
 
 S. ierim 
 
 
 isti 
 
 ieris 
 
 Perfect. 
 
 iit 
 P. iimus 
 
 ierit 
 P. ierimus 
 
 
 istis 
 
 ieritis 
 
 
 ierunt and iere 
 
 ierint 
 
 
 S. ieram 
 
 8. issem 
 
 
 ieras 
 
 isses 
 
 Pluperfect. 
 
 ierat 
 P. ieramus 
 
 isset 
 P. issemus 
 
 
 ieratis 
 
 issetis 
 
 
 ierant 
 
 issent 
 
 
 S. iero P. ierimus 
 
 
 Future Perfect. 
 
 ieris ieritis 
 
 
 i 
 
 ierit ierint 
 
 
CONJUGATION OF SOME IRREGULAR VERBS 133 
 
 IMPERATIVE. 
 
 S. 2. ito. 
 
 Present. -^ > ao ! Future. T 
 
 'P.ite) J ' P. 2. itote. 
 
 3. eunto. 
 
 INFINITIVE. 
 
 Present, ire. 
 Perfect, isse. 
 Future, iturus esse. 
 
 Pres. Part, iens (Gen. euntis). Fut. Part, iturus. 
 
 -do, -dum. Supines, itum, itu. 
 
 Some of these compounds of eo, e.g. adeo, to approach, and 
 ineo, to enter, are used in the passive. 
 
 INDICATIVE. Present, adeor, adiris, aditur, adlmur, 
 adimini, adeuntur. Imperfect, adibar. Future, 
 adibor. Perfect, aditus sum. Pluperfect, 
 aditus eram. Future Perfect, aditus ero. 
 
 SUBJUNCTIVE. Present, adear. Imperfect, adirer. Perfect, 
 aditus sim. Pluperfect, aditus essem. 
 
 INFINITIVE. Present, adiri. Perfect, aditum esse. Past 
 Participle, aditus. Gerundive, adeundus. 
 
NOTES ON THE PIECES FOE TEANSLATIOK 
 
 I. p. 6. 
 Carneddes, the name of a Greek philosopher. 
 
 senedam ; senecta is another word of the same meaning as senectus 
 
 (senectutis}. 
 accubuisset; the subjunctive is due to the cum; in English the indicative 
 
 is used. The ancient Romans and Greeks lay down at meals. 
 cogitationibus inhaerens ; cogitationibus is dative. Notice that the two 
 
 words go with what follows, and that they give the reason for 
 
 his forgetfulness. 
 
 II. p. 6. 
 
 Myndum ; Myndus is a coast-town in Caria, in Asia Minor. 
 
 III. p. 6. 
 
 sermoni interesset ; intersum takes the dative. Verbs' in which a 
 preposition forms the first part generally do so. Compare 
 cogitationibus inhaerens above. 
 
 neque quidquam, etc., "without himself talking at all." 
 
 aliquando, " before now." 
 
 IV. p. 11. 
 
 Mulier is the subject of inquit ; a Philippo goes with damnata. 
 This will have happened the day after the banquet. 
 
 V. p. 12. 
 puer, "as a boy." 
 
 Me miserum! " Wretched boy that I arn ! " 
 uno, that is myndo ; the ablative because potior takes that case. Potior 
 
 is one of the verbs, called " deponent," which have an active 
 
 meaning, though they are passive in form. 
 
 VI. p. 12. 
 
 ipsi, dat. sing., " to him," Alexander. 
 
 utebantur; utor is like potior above ; it takes the abl. and is deponent. 
 
 VII. p. 19. 
 
 Thcmistocles interroganti . . . respondit, " Themistocles answered to 
 
 one asking him, i. e. ' ' when somebody asked Themistocles he 
 
 answered." 
 tu vero, ' 'what about yourself ? " " what do you say ? " The question is 
 
 answered by a question, for the poet Homer is, as it were, the 
 
 herald who proclaims Achilles victorious. 
 
NOTES ON THE PIECES FOR TRANSLATION 135 
 
 VIII. p. 19. 
 
 p. 19. cum ; the conjunction, not the preposition. 
 
 20. quibusdam ut saevum exprobrantibus, " when certain persons 
 found fault with this proceeding as being cruel." 
 
 IX. p. 20. 
 
 percunctatas est ; from percunctor, which is a deponent verb, and takes 
 
 an object eos. 
 num dixissent, " whether they had said." 
 
 X. p. 20. 
 
 dum . . . ambulat ; we should say, " while he (the philosopher) was 
 walking." 
 
 XI. p. 20. 
 
 num quid corum quae in tonstrina essent, " whether he ... any of 
 the things which were " (the reason why essent is in the 
 subjunctive is explained farther on, p. 81). 
 
 unguentorum, etc., " for he said that he had." 
 
 atque optimorum, "and very good ones too." 
 
 negavit, "he said that he did not ..." 
 
 XII. p. 26. 
 
 p. 26. Sic ut antehac, etc., i.e. sic valeo, " My health is such that I have 
 never before been worse," " I never felt so bad as I do now." 
 
 Bono sis animo oportet, "You ought to be of good courage," 
 i.e. "to keep up your spirits." 
 
 Quid morbi, " What illness is it ? " 
 
 Nescio et /we, etc. ; hoc, "on this account ;" periculosius is an adverb. 
 
 Et quidem, etc. , ' ' Yes, and a great many too. " 
 
 ut fit, "as usual." 
 
 Alms negat, One doctor says " no," another says "yes," another 
 that he must think about it. One doctor gives a name to 
 the malady, but another says that it is not that, while a third 
 must take time to consider whether it is or is not. 
 
 Diu est quod; quod, "that," "since;" teneris is present, but 
 
 in English we would use the perfect. 
 27. hoc mali, like quid morbi above, "this of evil," "this evil." 
 
 XIII. p. 34. 
 
 p. 34. quidem, "to be sure." 
 
 qui extorqiicat, " to wrench." 
 35. hie ; adverb, in this point of giving holidays. 
 idemque, "and . . . too." 
 orator em, " ambassador. " 
 
 Satis iam salveo, "That's enough salutation ! " 
 Nihil aliud quam luditis, "You do nothing but play." 
 
136 LATIN COURSE 
 
 p. 35. Scit tua prudentia, "Your wisdom knows;" "you, in your 
 
 wisdom, know." 
 Sane ut istud tenes, "It is strange how you remember what 
 
 makes for you (what suits your purpose). " 
 36. si dederis verba ; dare verba, to give words (instead of things), 
 
 means "to cheat, deceive." 
 
 lepidum caput ! an endearing expression "You splendid 
 fellow ! " or the like. 
 
 XIV. p. 43. 
 radicibus ; utor takes the ablative. 
 
 vela tegetes vestem acfunes, sails and mats, clothing and ropes. 
 scriptum, i.e. scriptum est, "it was written," "men wrote." 
 
 XV. p. 43. 
 
 44. usu ; careo takes the ablative. 
 
 Hebetes oculos, etc., " It is said to have eyes, which are," etc. 
 
 XVI. p. 54. 
 
 54. Incolarum, etc., supply sunt. 
 quae tradebuntur, "its lessons." 
 
 XVII. p. 59. 
 60. qui ut, "and when they." 
 
 quod . . . pararetur ; the subjunctive shows that this was the 
 reason given for the request by the friend at the inn, " because 
 he said," etc. 
 
 XVIII. p. 65. 
 
 66. ilium somno impeditum, etc., "He thought his friend did not 
 answer because he was," etc. 
 
 XIX. p. 72. 
 
 veritus ut, means "fearing that they would not." 
 73. dives eadem, etc., "the country is both rich and," etc. 
 
 XXI. p. 87. 
 
 2. because from a horse's teeth you can tell its age. 
 8. we say : Birds of a feather, etc. 
 
 13. we say : There is no rose, etc. 
 
 14. something like : A bird in the hand, etc. 
 
 17. i.e. whatever others may think, we value what is our own. 
 
 26. i.e. we live and learn. 
 
 38. the Latin for : Necessity is the mother of invention. 
 
 40. and is cheated and deceived. 
 
 41. habes, habeberis ; if you have much or little, you will be thought 
 
 much or little of. 
 52. habent, "treat." 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONAEY 
 
 TO THE 
 
 EXERCISES AJNTD TRANSLATION. 
 
 Obs. 1. Words that occur in the Exercises are printed in thicker type. 
 (Many of these occur also in the Translation.) 
 
 Obs. 2. A figure of ter a word denotes the declension or conjugation to 
 which it belongs. 
 
 A, ab, by or from (with abl. ) ; it 
 
 is not used for by before things. 
 abdflco, abduxi, abductus (3), to 
 
 lead away, take away. 
 abeo, abivi andabii, abitum, abire, 
 
 to go away, depart. 
 abiit, from abeo. 
 abominandus, terrible. 
 absens, (absentis), adj., absent. 
 absque, prep, with abl., without. 
 abstulit, from aufero. 
 abundantia (1), abundance. 
 accedo, accessi (3), to approach. 
 accersitus, see accerso. 
 accerso, accersivi, accersitus, ac- 
 
 cersere, to summon, fetch. 
 accidit, it happened. 
 accido, accidi (3), to happen. 
 accipio, accepi, acceptum (3), to 
 
 receive, take in. 
 accom modus, adj., suited. 
 accubuisset, pluperf. subj. of ac- 
 
 cumbo, had lain down, reclined. 
 
 The Greeks and Romans lay, 
 
 instead of sitting, down to 
 
 meals, 
 accuso (1), to accuse. 
 
 acer, acris, acre, adj. (comp. acrior, 
 sup. acerrimus), keen. 
 
 acerbus, a, um, adj. bitter, melan- 
 choly. 
 
 acidus, a, um, adj., Utter. 
 
 acies (5), line of battle. 
 
 acquiesce, acquievi, acquietum (3), 
 to give assent to, acquiesce. 
 
 acriter, adv., keenly, energetically. 
 
 ad, prep, with ace., to (of motion 
 to), according to, at. Ad solis 
 occasum, at sunset ; ad tempus, 
 up to time, in time ; ad diem, 
 on the right day ; ad hunc 
 modum, after this fashion, thus. 
 
 adduco, adduxi, adductus (3), to 
 lead to, bring to. Adductus, 
 influenced by, i.e. in consequence 
 
 f- 
 adeo, adivi and -ii, aditum, adire, 
 
 to come to, approach. 
 adhibeo (2), to give,furnish, supply. 
 adhuc, adv., at present, as yet, up 
 
 to this time. Tres adhuc dies 
 
 sunt, there are still three days t 
 
 i. e. after three days. 
 adiectis, from adicio. 
 
138 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 adicio, adieci, adiectus, adicere, to 
 
 add. 
 
 adiuturum, from adiuvo. 
 adiftvo, -iiivi, -iutus (1), to help. 
 admitto, admisi, admissus (3), to 
 
 admit. 
 adnitor, adnisus, and adnixus, dep. 
 
 (3), to strive, work. 
 adorior, adortus, dep. , to attack. 
 addro (1), to worship, adore, to 
 
 bow down before. 
 adsum, to be present ; adsum tibi, 
 
 Ihelp you (I am present for you), 
 adulescens (adulescentis), young, a 
 
 young man. 
 adventus (4), arrival, approach, 
 
 coming. 
 ad versus, prep. with, ace., against, 
 
 over against, opposite. 
 adverto, advert! (3), to turn to- 
 wards ; animum. adverto (to 
 
 turn the mind towards), to notice. 
 aedes (aedium), plur., a house. 
 aediflco (1), to build. 
 aegre, adv., with difficulty. 
 aegroto (1), to be ill. 
 Aegyptiacus, adj., Egyptian. 
 Aegyptus (2), fern., Egypt. 
 aemulatio (-onis), emulation, 
 
 rivalry. 
 
 aequor (aequoris), water. 
 aequus, adj., even, equal; aequo 
 
 ammo, with resignation. 
 aes (aeris), neut., brass, money; 
 
 aes alienum (other people's 
 
 money), debt. 
 aestas (aestatis), summer. 
 aetas (aetatis), age. 
 affSro, adtiili, adlatus, afferre, to 
 
 bring (to). 
 
 ager (agri), afield, land, territory. 
 agger (aggeris), a mound, rampart. 
 agmen (agmmis), column (of an 
 
 army), 
 agnitio ( agj i itionis ) , recognition, 
 
 making oneself known. 
 agnosco, aguovi, agnitus (3), to 
 
 recognise. 
 
 ago, egi, actus (3), to do, to l>e 
 active or busy. In XIII. nequid- 
 quam mecum egeris, you will 
 have treated (pleaded) with me in 
 vain. 
 
 aio, 1 say, affirm, say "yes." 
 
 alacritas (alacritatis), ardour r 
 eagerness, alacrity. 
 
 alienus, adj., belonging to another ; 
 subst., a stranger. 
 
 alimenta (2), plur., food, susten- 
 ance. 
 
 alioquin, adv., otherwise, on other 
 terms. 
 
 aliquando, adv., sometimes, before 
 nqw, once upon a time. . 
 
 aliquantus, adj., some, considerable; 
 aliquantum nummorum, a con- 
 siderable sum, of money. 
 
 aliter, adv., otherwise. 
 
 alius, adj. (gen. alius), other. Alii 
 . . . alii, some . . . others. 
 
 alo, aim, alitus and altus (3), to 
 produce. 
 
 alter (gen. alterius), a second, the 
 other; alter . . . alter, the one 
 . . . the other. 
 
 alternus, adj., alternate; alternia 
 pedibus, first on one foot and 
 then on the other. 
 
 altus, adj., deep; altissima quaeque 
 flumina, all the deepest rivers, 
 very deep rivers. 
 
 alumnus (2), foster-son. 
 
 alvus (2), fern., stomach, belly. 
 
 ambo, ambae, ambo, both. 
 
 ambiilo (1), to walk. 
 
 amicitia (1), friendship. 
 
 amicus (2), a friend. 
 
 amitto, amisi, amissum (3), to lose. 
 
 amnis (amnis), masc., stream, 
 river. 
 
 amplexor, amplexatus, dep., to 
 embrace. 
 
 amplexus (4), an embrace; inter 
 amplexus, in the midst of em- 
 braces, while embracing him. 
 
 amplius, adv.eomp. , further, again,. 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 139 
 
 amygdala (1), almond. 
 
 an, or (in a question). 
 
 ancdra (1), anchor. 
 
 ango, anxi (3), to suffer pain or 
 
 anguish. 
 
 angustus, adj., narrow. 
 amma (1), life. 
 
 animal (animalis), an animal. 
 animus (2), mind, heart, feelings ; 
 
 bono animo esse, to keep up one's 
 
 spirits. 
 
 annon, or not. 
 anniilus (2), a ring. 
 annus (2), year. 
 ansermus, adj., belonging to the 
 
 goose (anser) ; ovum anserinum, 
 
 a goose's egg. 
 ante, adv., before; prep, with ac- 
 
 cus. before. 
 antea, adv., before. 
 antehac, adv., before this, before 
 
 now. 
 
 antequam, conj., before that. 
 antepono, -posui, -positus (3), to 
 
 prefer. 
 
 anxius, adj., anxious, troubled. 
 aperio, aperui, apertus (4), to open. 
 apertus, partic. of aperio ; aperto 
 
 capite, with uncovered head, 
 
 with nothing on the head. 
 aperuerunt, from aperio. 
 appareo (2), to appear. 
 appeto, appetivi, appetitus (3), to 
 
 try for, strive after. 
 appositus (part, of appono), placed 
 
 before, placed near, laid near. 
 apprehendo, -di, -sus (3), to stop, 
 
 arrest. 
 
 apprehensis, from apprehendo. 
 apte, adv., fitly, rightly. 
 apud, prep, with ace., with. 
 aqua (1), water. 
 aquo (1), to get ivater. 
 arbor (arboris), fern., tree. 
 arcessitus, past part, of arcesso 
 
 (perf. arcessivi), to send for, 
 
 summon. 
 arena (1), sand. 
 
 argenteus (2), a silver coin, apiece 
 
 of silver ; adj., made of silver. 
 argentum, silver, money. 
 arma (2) plur., arms, weapons. 
 armatus, partic. of armo, armed, 
 
 equipped. 
 
 armentum, a herd. 
 armo (1), to arm. 
 aro (1), to plough. 
 aromata, plur. of aroma, spices. 
 ars (artis), art, science. 
 artius, adv. (comp. of arte), very 
 
 soundly. 
 as (assis), an as (a small Roman 
 
 coin) ; asse carum est, is dear at 
 
 a farthing. 
 ascendo, ascendi, ascensum (3), to 
 
 go up. 
 
 asmus (2), an ass. 
 assisto, astiti (3), to stand by. 
 astantibus, from asto. 
 asto (i.e. adsto) adstiti (1), to 
 . stand by. 
 
 Atheniensis, an Athenian. 
 at, but, why ? 
 atque, and ; atque optima quideni 
 
 (in XI.), and excellent ones too. 
 attamen, adv., but. 
 attollo (3), to lift up. 
 attulinms, from affero. 
 auceps (aucupis), a bird-catcJier. 
 audenter, adv., boldly. 
 audeo (2), the perfect is deponent, 
 
 ausus sum, to dare. 
 audio (4), I hear. 
 aufero, abstuli, ablatus, auferre, to 
 
 take away. 
 
 auguror (1), dep., to predict, divine. 
 aula (1), hall, palace. 
 aureus, adj. (of aurum), golden. 
 auris (auris), fern., an ear. 
 auritus, adj., having ears ; auritus 
 
 testis, an ear-icitness. 
 aurum (2), gold. 
 ausus, from audeo. 
 autem, adv., but, however. 
 auxilium, help ; auxilio mitture, 
 
 to send for a help, i.e. as a liel^. 
 
140 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 a versus, part, of averto, turned 
 away, averse, unfriendly, un- 
 sympathetic. 
 
 averto, averti, aversus (3), to turn 
 away. 
 
 avidus, adj., eager, greedy. 
 
 avis (avis), fern., a bird. 
 
 Barba (1), a beard. 
 
 barbari (2), the barbarians, 
 
 foreigners. 
 Belgae, the Belgae (a people of 
 
 Gaul). 
 
 bellua (1), an animal, beast. 
 bellum, war. 
 bene, adv., well. 
 benedico, -dixi, -dictus (3), to 
 
 bless ; it takes the dative. 
 beneficium, a benefit. 
 bestia (1), a wild beast. 
 bibliotheca (1), a library. 
 bibo, bibi (3), to drink. 
 biennium, a period of two years ; 
 
 biennium est quod, it is two 
 
 years since. 
 
 bos (bovis), an ox, a cow. 
 brSvis, adj., short. 
 brevitas (brevitatis), brevity. 
 boves, from bos. 
 
 bubulcus (2), a ploughman, farm- 
 labourer. 
 byssinus, adj. (of byssus), made of 
 
 linen. 
 
 Caecus, adj., blind. 
 caedes (caedis), murder. 
 caedo, cecidi, caesus (3), to kill. 
 caelestis, caeleste, adj., heavenly, 
 
 divine. 
 
 caelum, the sky. 
 
 calamitas (calamitatis), calamity. 
 calix (calicis), masc. , a cup. 
 calumnia (1), a false charge. 
 camelus (2), a camel. 
 campus (2), a plain. 
 canistrum, a basket. 
 cano, cecini, cantum (3), to sing, 
 
 sound. 
 
 canus, adj., white; cani, white, 
 
 gray hairs. 
 capiendi, cibi capiendi causa, for 
 
 the sake of taking food (capiendi 
 
 is gerundive of capio). 
 capio, cepi, captus, capere, to take; 
 
 to contain, hold ; terram capere, 
 
 to make (reach] land. 
 captlvus (2), a prisoner, captive. 
 Capua, Capua (a city in Campania, 
 
 in Italy). 
 caput (capitis), a head ; sometimes 
 
 used for the person himself, as 
 
 in XIII. 
 
 career (carceris), masc., prison. 
 careo, carui, to want, to go without 
 
 spmething, to be without. 
 Carneades, Carneades (a Greek 
 
 philosopher), 
 caro (carnis), fern., flesh. 
 carpo, carpsi, carptus (3), to pick, 
 
 pluck, crop, feed on, graze on ; 
 
 carpere agmen, to attack a 
 
 column (of an army). 
 Carthaginiensis, a Carthaginian. 
 carus, adj., dear. 
 castigo (1), to chastise, punish. 
 castra (neut. plur.), a camp. 
 casus (4), chance, accident. 
 caupo, (cauponis), an innkeeper. 
 causa (1), a cause, reason ; causa, 
 
 abl. , for the sake of, because of. 
 cecinit, from cano. 
 celeber, -bris, -bre, adj., frequent, 
 
 continual. 
 celer, celeris, celere, adj., quick, 
 
 celeriter, adv., quickly. 
 
 celo (1), to conceal, hide. 
 
 cena (1), dinner. 
 
 cenatus, partic. (with deponent 
 
 sense), having dined or supped, 
 
 after their supper. 
 ceno (1), to dine. 
 censeo, to be of opinion, to express 
 
 an opinion. 
 centum, hundred. 
 cepi, from capio. 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 141 
 
 cerno, crevi, cretum (3), to see, dis- 
 cern, prove. 
 
 certamen (certaminis), a contest. 
 
 certus, a urn, certain, sure, trust- 
 worthy ; Caesarem certiorem 
 facio, / inform Caesar. 
 
 cessatus, from cesso. In XIII. si 
 quid cessatum est, if there has 
 been any idling. 
 
 cesso (1), 1 cease, rest, am idle. 
 
 ceteri, the rest, the other. 
 
 charta (1), a leaf of paper. 
 
 cibaria (2), neut. plur., provisions. 
 
 cibus (2), food ; cibi, food of differ- 
 ent kinds, the dishes on the 
 table. 
 
 Cicero (Ciceronis), Cicero (a great 
 Roman writer and statesman). 
 
 cilicium, rough cloth, sackcloth. 
 
 circiter, adv., about. 
 
 circueo, -ivi and -ii, -itum, -ire, to 
 go around. 
 
 circumpono, -posui, -positus (3), to 
 put around. 
 
 circumsto, circumsteti (1), inf. 
 circumstare, to stand around, 
 surround. 
 
 cisterna (1), cistern, reservoir. 
 
 cito, adv., quickly. 
 
 civilitas (civilitatis), civility. 
 
 civis (civis), a citizen. 
 
 civitas (civitatis), a state. 
 
 clades (cladis), a defeat. 
 
 clamo (1), to call out. 
 
 clamor, (clamoris), shout, shout- 
 ing. 
 
 clarus, adj., celebrated, distin- 
 guished. 
 
 classis (classis), a fleet. 
 
 claudo, clausi, clausus (3), to shut. 
 
 claudus, adj., lame. 
 
 clava (1), a club. 
 
 clementer, adv. , gently, in a kindly 
 way. 
 
 coactus, see cogo. 
 
 coaequo (1), to make equal. 
 
 coepi, / have made a beginning, 
 1 began. 
 
 coeptis, past partic. of coepi. 
 
 cogitatio, (-onis), thought, re- 
 flection. 
 
 cogito (1), to think, plot. 
 
 cogmtus, from cognosce. 
 
 cognosce, cognovi, cognitus (3), to 
 learn, hear. 
 
 cognovi, from cognosco. 
 
 cogo, coegi, coactus (3), to drive, 
 compel, force; cogit agmen, he 
 brings up the rear, comes last. 
 
 cohibeo, cohibui, cohibitus, to 
 restrain. 
 
 cohors (cohortis), a company of 
 soldiers, a cohort. 
 
 collectus, partic. of colligo. 
 
 colligo, collegi, collectus (3), to 
 collect ; se colligunt, they collect 
 themselves, rally, or, they collect 
 their thoughts; hoc esse col- 
 lectum mali, that this indisposi- 
 tion was contracted, that you 
 caught this illness. 
 
 collis (collis), masc., hill. 
 
 colldco (1), to post, place, station. 
 
 collum, the neck. 
 
 color (coloris), colour. 
 
 comedo, -edi, -esum (3), to eat. 
 
 comes (comitis), companion. 
 
 comesturus, from comedo. 
 
 comitem, from comes. 
 
 commendatio (-onis), recommenda- 
 tion. 
 
 commilito (commilitonis), fellow- 
 soldier. 
 
 commiserunt, from committo. 
 
 committo, commisi, commissus (3), 
 to join together, combine ; com- 
 mittere praelium, to join battle : 
 to commit, entrust, commit (an 
 offence). 
 
 cominorior, commortuus (3), dep., 
 to die together. 
 
 commotus, led, moved, deeply 
 affected. 
 
 commoveo, commovi, commotus, 
 to move, influence, affect. 
 
 compareo (2), to appear. 
 
142 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 compello (1), to address, speak to 
 
 compleo, complevi, completus (2), 
 to fulfil. 
 
 comprehendo, comprehend!, com- 
 prehensus (3), to arrest. 
 
 concilium, a meeting, assembly. 
 
 conclamo (1), to cry out, raise a cry. 
 
 conclave (conclavis), a room. 
 
 condo, condidi, conditus (3), to put 
 together, compose, found, store, 
 bury. 
 
 confectus, part, of conficio, ex- 
 hausted. 
 
 confero, contuli, collatus, eon- 
 ferre, to carry together ; se con- 
 ferre, to betake oneself; sermonem 
 cum aliquo conferre, to fall into 
 conversation; ne conferte cul- 
 pam, do not throw the blame. 
 
 conficio, confeci, confectus, con- 
 ficere, to finish; in XIV. con- 
 fici, to be drawn up; in XVI. con- 
 fectus, worn out, exhausted. 
 
 confidenter, adv., boldly. 
 
 congero, congessi, congestus (3), to 
 bring together. 
 
 congrego (1), to herd or flock to- 
 gether, gather together, to collect. 
 
 congredior, congressus, inf. con- 
 gredi, to fight, engage. 
 
 conicio, conieci, coniectus, coni- 
 cere, to throw, cast; to divine, 
 interpret. 
 
 coniector (coniectoris), a diviner of 
 dreams. 
 
 coniectus, from conicio. 
 
 coniungo, coniunxi, coniunctus 
 (3), to join, unite. 
 
 conor, conatus, dep., to try, en- 
 deavour. 
 
 conscendo, conscendi, conscensum 
 (3), to go up, mount up. 
 
 consecutus, from consequor. 
 
 consentio, consensi, consensum (3), 
 to agree. 
 
 consequor, consecutus (3), dep., 
 to follow close, overtake. 
 
 considero (1), to consider, ponder. 
 consilium, strategy, plan, measure, 
 
 idea, proposal. 
 
 consimilis, -e, adj., quite like, like. 
 consolatio, (-onis), consolation, 
 
 comfort. 
 
 conspectus (4), sight, presence. 
 conspicatus, partic. of conspicor, 
 
 having seen, ivhen it sees. 
 constat, it is well known, it is 
 
 acknowledged. 
 constituo, constitui, constitutus 
 
 (3), to determine, arrange, settle, 
 
 appoint. 
 construe, construxi, constructus 
 
 (3), to pile up, construct. 
 consueras, from consuesco, con- 
 tracted for consueveras. 
 consuesco, consuevi, consuetus (3), 
 
 to be accustomed. 
 consul, consulis, a consul (a Roman 
 
 official). 
 
 consulatus (4), the consulship. 
 consulo, consului, consultum (3), 
 
 to consult. 
 consumo, consumpsi, consumptus 
 
 (3), to consume, eat up, waste. 
 consumpturus, fut. part, of con- 
 sumo. 
 
 consumptus, partic. of consumo. 
 consurgo, consurrexi, consurrectus 
 
 (3), to rise up. 
 contemno, contempsi, contemptus 
 
 (3), to despise. 
 contemplatus, part, of contemplor 
 
 (1), dep., having observed, 
 
 noticed. 
 
 contemptus (4), contempt. 
 contineo, continui, contentus (2), 
 
 to restrain. 
 
 contra, prep, with accus., against. 
 contulit, from confero. 
 convalesce, convalui (3), to grow , 
 
 strong. 
 convSnio, conveni, conventum, to 
 
 come together, assemble, meet. 
 converto, converti, conversus (3), 
 
 to turn. 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 143 
 
 convivium, feast, banquet. 
 
 copia, supply, stock ; copiae, 
 forces (in a military sense). 
 
 coram, prep, with ablat., in the 
 presence of. 
 
 Cordubenses, the people of Cor- 
 diiba (now Cordova). 
 
 Corinthus (2), fern., Corinth (a city 
 in Greece). 
 
 corona (1), a crown. 
 
 corpus (corporis), body. 
 
 corruo, corrui (3), to tumble, fall 
 to the ground. 
 
 cotidie, adv., every day, daily. 
 
 eras, adv., to-morrow. 
 
 creber, crebra, crebrum, frequent, 
 continual. 
 
 creditus, partic. of credo, en- 
 trusted. 
 
 credo, credidi, creditum (3), to 
 believe, trust; I believe you, 
 credo tibi. 
 
 crepida (1), a sole, sandal. 
 
 cresco, crevi, cretum (3), to grow, 
 increase, develop. 
 
 crimen (criminis), charge, offence. 
 
 crocodilus (2), a crocodile. 
 
 cruce, from crux. 
 
 crudus, adj., raw. 
 
 cruentus, adj., bloodstained. 
 
 crux (crucis), a cross. 
 
 cubicilum, a chamber. 
 
 cubitum, the elboiv ; a cubit. 
 
 culmus (2), a stalk. 
 
 culpa (1), a fault. 
 
 culpo (1), to blame, find fault 
 with. 
 
 cum, conjunction, when, as ; often 
 with subjunctive mood : cum 
 primum, as soon as ever. 
 
 cum, prep, with abl., with, along 
 with, in company ivith. 
 
 cunctus, adj., all. 
 
 cupio, to desire, wish. 
 
 cur, why? 
 
 cura (1), care. 
 
 euro (1), to attend to, to have some- 
 thing done. 
 
 curro, cucurri, cursum (3), to run. 
 currus (4), a chariot. 
 cursus (4), running. 
 custodia (1), custody, arrest. 
 custos, custodis, keeper, guardian. 
 cutis (cut is), skin. 
 
 Damnatus, a, um (past part, of 
 
 damnare), having been con- 
 demned, found guilty. 
 damnum (2), loss. 
 dare, inf. of do. 
 de, prep, with abl., of, concerning, 
 
 about, from ; qua de causa, for 
 
 what reason. 
 debeo, I owe, I ought. 
 debitum, debt, obligation, duty. 
 decedo, decessi, decessum (3), to 
 
 go away, depart ; alter decessit, 
 
 the other is gone, is no more, is 
 
 dead. 
 
 decem, ten. 
 decerno, decrevi, deeretus (3), to 
 
 decree. 
 
 decessit, from decedo. 
 decide, decidi (3), to fall down. 
 decimus, adj. , the tenth. 
 decipio, decepi, deceptus, decipere ; 
 
 to deceive. 
 decoctus, from decoquo, boiled 
 
 down. 
 dedo, dedidi, deditus (3), to give 
 
 up, surrender; deditus, given 
 
 up to, devoted to. 
 deduce, deduxi, deductus (3), to 
 
 lead down. 
 deerit, from desum. 
 defecisset, see deficio. 
 defendo, defendi, defensum (3), 
 
 to defend. 
 defero, detuli, delatus, deferre, to 
 
 carry down. 
 deficio, defeci, defectum, deficere 
 
 (3), to be wanting, fail, run 
 
 short. 
 defixus, part, of defigo, fixed on ; 
 
 turned down. 
 deformis, e, adj., misshapen. 
 
144 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 defuerit, from desum. 
 
 dein, adv., then, aftenvards. . 
 
 deinceps, adv., afterwards, from 
 
 that time. 
 
 deinde, adv., then. 
 delecto (1), to amuse, delight. 
 deliberandum, that the question 
 
 must be considered. 
 deligo, delegi, delectus (3), choose, 
 
 delinquo, deliqui, delictus (3), 
 
 to offend. 
 
 deliqui, from delinquo. 
 demissus, from demitto, bent down, 
 
 in XIX. 
 demum, adv., at last ; post Alex- 
 
 andri demum victorias, not till 
 
 after, etc. 
 
 denique, adv., at last. 
 dens (dentis), masc. , a tooth. 
 denuntio (1), to charge, announce. 
 depouo, deposui, depositus (3), 
 
 to lay aside, give up. 
 depositus, from depono. 
 deprecor (1), dep., to beg off, inter- 
 cede. 
 deprehendo, deprehendi, depre- 
 
 hensus (3), to catch, detect. 
 deprehensus, from deprehendo. 
 depressus, part, of deprimo, de- 
 
 pressi, weighed down. 
 descendo, descendi, descensum (3), 
 
 to go down, descend. 
 desero, deserui, desertus (3), to 
 
 desert. 
 
 desertum, a desert, a solitary place. 
 desertus, part, of desero, deserted. 
 desiderium (2), grief, regret; desi- 
 
 derium eius, grief for him. 
 desidero (1), to require, desire.. 
 destituo, destitui, desti tutus (3), 
 
 to forsake, abandon. 
 desum (de and sum), to be wanting. 
 deterreo (2), to deter, frighten 
 
 away. 
 
 detractus, from detraho. 
 detraho, detraxi, detractus (3), to 
 
 draw off. 
 
 detulerant, from defero. 
 
 Deus (2), nbm. plur. di, God. 
 
 deversor (deversoris), a lodger, 
 guest. 
 
 deversorium, an inn. 
 
 deverto, deverti, deversus (3), to 
 turn aside from my journey, to 
 put up, lodge. 
 
 devolve, devolvi, devolutus (3), to 
 roll down, hurl. 
 
 devoro (1), to devour. 
 
 di, see Deus. 
 
 Diana, Diana (a goddess). 
 
 dico, dixi, dictus (3), to say, tell, 
 appoint ; ne dicam, not to say, I 
 will not say. 
 
 dictus, from dico. 
 
 diek (5), masc. or fern, in the sin- 
 gular, masc. only in plural, a 
 day ; ad diem, on the proper day. 
 
 difficilis, adj., comp. difficilior, 
 sup. dimcillimus, difficult; in 
 XIII. dimcillimus means, very 
 difficult to get at or persuade, 
 churlish. 
 
 digitus (2), finger. 
 
 dilabor, dilapsus (3), dep., to 
 scatter, fall to pieces. 
 
 dilatio (-onis), a putting off, post- 
 ponement. 
 
 diligenter, adv. , diligently, indus- 
 triously. 
 
 diligentia (1), diligence, industry. 
 
 diligo, dilexi, dilectus (3), to love. 
 
 dimicatio (-onis), fern., struggle. 
 
 dimissus, from dimitto. 
 
 dimitto, dimisi, dimissus (3), to 
 dismiss, leave. 
 
 dingo, direxi, directus (3), to 
 direct. 
 
 discipulus (2), a pupil. 
 
 disco didici (3), to learn. 
 
 discubuerunt, from discumbo. 
 
 discumbo, discubui, discubitum 
 (3), to go to bed. 
 
 dispensator (-oris), steward. 
 
 dissero, disserui, dissertus (3), to 
 speak, discourse. 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 145 
 
 ditio (ditionis), rule. 
 
 din, adv.,/0?* long, for a long time ; 
 diu est quod ? is it long that ? 
 
 di versus, adj., different, 
 
 dives (divitis), rich. 
 
 divinus, adj., divine, godlike. 
 
 divitiae, riches, wealth. 
 
 do, dedi, datus (1), to give, grant, 
 yield. [The person to whom 
 one gives something must al- 
 ways be put in the dative : / 
 give you money, do tibi pecuni- 
 am.] Dare verba, means to 
 cheat, deceive (to give words in- 
 stead of things) ; poenas dare, 
 to pay the penalty, to suffer 
 punishment. 
 
 doceo, docui, doctus, to teach. 
 
 docilitas (docilitatis),cfocz7^2/, teach- 
 ableness. 
 
 doctus, a, um, learned. 
 
 dolor (doloris), pain. 
 
 domi, at home. 
 
 dominor (1), dep., to be master. 
 
 dommus (2), master, owner ; Do- 
 mine, Sir ! Dominus, the Lord. 
 
 domum, home; i.e. to go home, 
 domuni ire. 
 
 donatus, partic. of dono, given; 
 donatus equus, a gift-horse. 
 
 donee, conj., till, until. 
 
 dormio,o go to sleep, to sleep. 
 
 draco (draconis), a snake. 
 
 ducenti, ae, a, two hundred. 
 
 duces, from dux, or fut. of duco. 
 
 duco, duxi, ductus (3), to lead, to 
 take, to consider ; ducit agmen, 
 he leads the line or column, i.e. 
 he goes first. 
 
 dulce, adv., sweetly. 
 
 dulcis, dulce, adj., sweet. 
 
 dum, conj., while. 
 
 duodecim, twelve. 
 
 duodeviginti, eighteen. 
 
 duplex (duplicis), double. 
 
 duplicem, from duplex. 
 
 dure, adv, , harshly ; durius, 
 rather harshly. 
 
 duro (1), to endure, last. 
 dux (ducis), leader. 
 
 E, also ex, prep, with abl.,/rom, 
 
 out of, from among. 
 eadem, from idem, 
 eat, from eo. 
 ecce, behold ! 
 edissero, edisserui, edissertum (3), 
 
 to explain. 
 
 edo, edi, esum (3), to eat. 
 educo, eduxi, eductus (3), to lead 
 
 out, draw out, deliver. 
 effundo, effudi, effusus (3), to pour 
 
 out, shed, empty, unload. 
 egi, from ago. 
 ego, /. 
 egredior, egressus, egredi (3), dep., 
 
 to go out, depart, leave. 
 egressus, from, egredior. 
 ei, dative of is. 
 elSgo, elegi, electus (3), to pick 
 
 out, choose. 
 
 elephantus (2), an elephant. 
 elephas (elephantis), an elephant. 
 elevo (1), to lift up. 
 elldo, elisi, elisus (3), to crush. 
 emo, emi, emptus (3), to buy. 
 emptor (emptoris), a buyer, cus- 
 tomer. 
 
 emptus, from emo. 
 en, see ! 
 enim, adv., for. 
 eo, ivi and ii, itum, ire, to go, see 
 
 p. 132 ; eo, adv. of is, on this 
 
 account; eo quod, on this account 
 
 that, i.e. because. 
 Eplrus (2), Epirus, a country in 
 
 N. Greece. 
 
 epistaia (1), a letter. 
 epulae, a banquet; inter epulas, 
 
 in the course of the banquet. 
 epiilor (1), dep., to feast. 
 eques (equitis), a horseman. 
 equidem experiar, / will try at all 
 
 events. 
 
 equitatus (4), cavalry. 
 ergo, adv., therefore. 
 
146 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 erigo, erexi, erectus (3), to lift out, 
 draw out, save. 
 
 erodo (3), to gnaw away, eat away. 
 
 error (erroris), mistake, error. 
 
 erumpo, erupi, eruptus (3), to 
 burst forth. 
 
 eruptio (eruptionis), a breaking 
 out, sally (from a besieged town). 
 
 emtus, from eruo, was drawn out. 
 
 esca (1), food. 
 
 esuriens, pres. part, of esurio, 
 being famished, hungry. 
 
 et, conj. , and ; et . . . et, both . . . 
 and ; et ego, / too, I also. 
 
 etiam, also, even ; etiam at quo 
 etiam, again and again. 
 
 etsi, conj., although. 
 
 eunuchus (2), a eunuch. 
 
 evenio, eveni, eventum, to turn out. 
 
 eventus (4), the event, the facts. 
 
 evigflo (1), to awake. 
 
 ex, prep, with abl. , from out of, in 
 consequence of. 
 
 excedo, excessi, excessum (3), to go 
 out, go beyond, exceed ; in XX. 
 cum excessero, when I (shall] 
 have gone (i.e. when I am dead}. 
 
 excelsus, adj., high. 
 
 excessero, from excedo. 
 
 excito (1), to arouse, excite, pro- 
 mote. 
 
 excusatio (onis), excuse. 
 
 exeo, exivi and exii, exitum, to go 
 out, go forth. 
 
 exerceo, to exercise ; corpus exer- 
 cere, to exercise the body, to take 
 bodily or physical exercise. 
 
 exercitus (4), army. 
 
 exiguus, a, um, petty, insignificant. 
 
 exinde, adv., /row then, after that. 
 
 existimo (1), to think, fancy. 
 
 exitus (4), going out, exit, end. 
 
 exoro (1), to prevail upon or per- 
 suade some one by entreaty. 
 
 expello, expuli, expulsus (3), to 
 expel, drive out. 
 
 experior, expertus (4), dep., to try, 
 make trial of, prove. 
 
 explorator (oris), a spy. 
 expressi, from exprimo. 
 exprimo, expressi, expressus (3), 
 
 to squeeze out, wring out, extort 
 
 permission. 
 exprobro (1), to find fault ivith, 
 
 censure. 
 exquiro, exquisivi, exquisitus, to 
 
 require, demand. 
 exspecto (1), to expect, await. 
 exterritus, partic. of exterreo, 
 
 being very frightened. 
 exterus, adj., outside, foreign. 
 extinguo, extinxi, extinctus (3), 
 
 in XX. extinguitur (he], expires. 
 extorqueo, extorsi, extortus, to 
 
 wrench, wrest, extort. 
 extra, prep, with accus. , out of. 
 extraho, extraxi, extractus (3), to 
 
 draw out, pull out. 
 extremus, a, um, extreme, last. 
 
 Faber (fabri), a smith, a maker. 
 
 fabula (1), a fable, story. 
 
 facetus, adj., witty. 
 
 facies (5), face. 
 
 facilis, adj., comp. facilior, sup 
 facillimus, easy, ready. 
 
 facio, feci, factus, facere, to make, 
 do ; potestatem facere, to give 
 permission, a chance ; in XIII. 
 quod pro te facit, that which 
 makes for you, i.e. that which 
 serves your purpose. 
 
 factum, an act, deed. 
 
 fallo, fefelli, falsus (3), to deceive ; 
 me mea opinio fallit, my belief 
 deceives me, i.e. / am wrong in 
 my belief (or idea) ; me fallit, it 
 escapes me, i.e. I do not notice. 
 
 falso, adv. , falsely. 
 
 falsus, part, of fallo ; falsus sum, 
 / am mistaken. 
 
 falsus, a.^., false. 
 
 fama (1), fame, report. 
 
 fames (famis), hunger, famine. 
 
 familia (1), household. 
 
 familiaris ( -is), friend, acquaintance. 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 147 
 
 familiaritas (-tatis), familiarity. 
 familiarius, adv., compar. of 
 familiariter, on quite friendly 
 terms, or as close friends. 
 famulus (2), servant, attendant. 
 fanum, shrine. 
 farina (1), flour. 
 fatigatus, partic. of fatigo, tired, 
 
 fatigued. 
 
 fauces (faucium), throat. 
 faveo, favi, fautum, to favour, 
 
 with dat. 
 
 febris (febris), fever. 
 fefelli, perf. of fallo. 
 felix (felicis), happy, fortunate. 
 fenestra (1), window. 
 fera (1), a wild animal; fera 
 
 pessima, an evil beast. 
 fere, adv., almost, generally. 
 fero, tiili, latus, ferre, to bring, 
 
 carry, take, see p. 126. 
 ferre, from fero. 
 fertilitas (fertilitatis), fertility. 
 ferus, adj., wild, fierce. 
 fervens (ferventis), burning. 
 fessus, adj., tired. 
 festino (1), to hasten, make haste. 
 fiat, subj. of no, let it be so ! By 
 
 all means I 
 
 fides (5), faith, pledged word. 
 fiducia (1), confidence. 
 fiebat, from fio. 
 filia (1), daughter. 
 films (voc. fill), son. 
 finis (finis), masc., end. 
 firmitas (firmitatis), firmness, con 
 firmation ; p. 110, firmitatis 
 indicium, i.e. confirms the truth 
 of the warning. 
 firmus, adj., firm. 
 fistula (1), a reed-pipe. 
 fit, from fio. 
 fio, factus, to be made, to become 
 
 see p. 131. 
 flagitium, crime, sin. 
 flamma (1), flame. 
 flecto, flexi, flexus (3), to bend. 
 fleo, flevi, fletum, to weep. 
 
 fletus (4), weeping. 
 Los (floris), flower. 
 Lumen (fluminis), river. 
 luvius (2), river, stream. 
 "oedus (foederis), treaty; adj., 
 
 shocking, shameful. 
 blium, a leaf. 
 bines (fomitis), fuel; invidiae 
 
 fomes, fuel for envy (i.e. made 
 
 them the more envious). 
 f oras, adv. , out of doors ; foras eo, 
 
 / go out of doors ; foris sum, / 
 
 am out of doors. 
 fores (forum), plur. fern., doors. 
 Fbrmosus, adj. , beautiful, handsome. 
 forte, adv., by chance. 
 fortis, adj., brave, strong. 
 fortuna (1), fortune. 
 forum, a market-place. 
 fossa (!), ditch. 
 fovea (1), pit, pitfall, snare. 
 frango, fregi, fractus (3), break. 
 frater (fratris), brother. 
 frenum, curb, bit. 
 frigus (frigoris), cold. 
 fructus (4), fruit, produce. 
 fruges (frugum), plur., fruit, corn. 
 frumentor (1), dep., to fetch corn, 
 
 to forage. 
 
 frumentum, corn. 
 frustra, adv. , in vain. 
 fuderunt, from fundo. 
 fuga (1), flight, rout. 
 fugio, fugi, fugere, to fly, flee, escape. 
 fugo (1), to put to flight. 
 fui, from sum. 
 mm us (2), smoke. 
 fundo, fudi, fusus (3), to pour, 
 
 shed, rout, disperse. 
 funis (funis), masc., a rope. 
 furor, furatus (3), dep., to steal. 
 furto, adv., by stealth. 
 futrirus, from sum, about to be, 
 coming ; futura, the future. 
 
 Gallus, a Gaul. 
 
 gaudeo, the perf. gavisus sum is 
 dep., to rejoice. 
 
148 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 gavisus, from gaudeo. 
 
 gemma (1), a bud. 
 
 gena (1), cheek. 
 
 genitus, begotten ; uno patre 
 geniti, sons of one father. 
 
 gens (gentis), race, nation. 
 
 genu (4), the knee. 
 
 genuerat, see gigno. 
 
 genuisse, see gigno. 
 
 genus (generis), kind, nation, tribe. 
 
 Germanus, a German. 
 
 gero, gessi, gestus, to do, to dis- 
 charge duties; bellum gerere, 
 to carry on ivar. 
 
 gessi, from gero. 
 
 gestus, past part, of gero. 
 
 gigno, genui, genitus (3), to bear ; 
 gignor, to be the son of, with abl. 
 
 gladiator (-oris), gladiator. 
 
 gladius (2), a sword. 
 
 gloria (I), glory. 
 
 gradus (4), a step, rank, position. 
 
 Graece, adv. of Graecus, Graece 
 scire, to know Greek. 
 
 Graecus, adj.. Greek; subst., a 
 Greek. 
 
 grandis, grande, adj., grand, 
 sumptuous. 
 
 gratia (1), gratitude, favour; 
 gratias agere, to return thanks. 
 
 gratulor, gratulatus, dep. to con- 
 gratulate, with dat. 
 
 gratus, adj., welcome. 
 
 gravis, grave, heavy, severe, 
 weighty, effectual. 
 
 graviter, adv., heavily, severely, 
 badly; graviter ferre, to be 
 annoyed, to be put out about a 
 thing, to be distressed. 
 
 gregatim, adv., of grex, by troops, 
 
 gressus (4), a step. 
 
 grex (gregis), masc., flock, troop, 
 
 number. 
 guberno (1), to govern. 
 
 Habena (1), rein. 
 
 habeo (2), to have; to treat; 
 
 orationem habere, to deliver a 
 speech; habeor, to be held, con- 
 sidered. So habes habeberis 
 means, you have much or little, 
 then you are much or little 
 thought of, i.e. men are valued 
 according to their wealth. 
 
 habito (1), to dwell, inhabit. 
 
 habitus (4), habit, custom. 
 
 Haedui, theHaedui, a tribe in Gaul. 
 
 liaedus (2), a young goat, a kid. 
 
 Hammon, in XX. ad Hammonem, 
 to Jupiter Hammon, that is to 
 his temple in Africa. 
 
 hebes (hebetis), adj., dim, dull. 
 
 Hercules (Herculis), Hercules, a 
 gjpd. 
 
 heres (heredis), heir. 
 
 heri, adv., yesterday. 
 
 heu, alas! 
 
 heus, holloa ! Ho ! 
 
 hians, pres. part, of hio (hiantis), 
 open, gaping; ore hiante, its 
 mouth being wide open. 
 
 hie, pron., this ; adv., here, in this 
 matter; in XIII. on this occasion. 
 
 hiems (hiemis), winter. 
 
 hiemo (1), to pass the winter, to 
 winter. 
 
 hinc, adv. ,from this place, hence. 
 
 Hispania (1), Spain. 
 
 hodie, adv., to-day. 
 
 homo (hominis), a man. 
 
 honor (honoris), honour. 
 
 honorifice, adv., respectfully. 
 
 horreum, a barn, storehouse. 
 
 hortor (1), dep., to encourage, 
 urge. 
 
 hortus (2), a garden. 
 
 hospes (hospitis), host, a friend 
 (who will entertain you, whom 
 you visit). 
 
 hospitium ; esse in hospitio, to be 
 in a friend's house. 
 
 hostia (1), a victim. 
 
 hostis (hostis), an enemy ; hostes, 
 the enemy (i. e. a hostile army). 
 
 hue, adv., hither, to this place. 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 149 
 
 hucusque, adv., up to this time, to 
 
 this day. 
 
 huiuscemodi, of this kind. 
 humanus, adj., human. 
 
 I, imperat. of eo. 
 
 iacio, ieci, iactus, iacere, to throw. 
 
 iacto (1), to throw, throw out, 
 
 spread, say ; multa iactata esse, 
 
 that many reports have been 
 
 spread. 
 iam, already. 
 iamdudum, already, for a long 
 
 time, all this while. 
 ibi, adv., there. 
 ibidem, adv., in the same place or 
 
 room. 
 ichneumon, the Egyptian rat or 
 
 ichneumon. 
 
 ictus (4), a blow, stroke. 
 idcirco, adv. , on that account. 
 Idem, eadem, idem, the same ; 
 
 idem, often he too, and he ; in 
 
 XIII. idemque, and also. 
 idonSus, adj. , suitable, fit, adapted. 
 igitur, adv., therefore. 
 ignarus, adj., ignorant, unaware. 
 ignis (ignis), masc.,/re. 
 ignore (1), / am ignorant, I am 
 
 not aware; hanc rem ignore, / 
 
 am ignorant of this affair. 
 ille, pron., that. 
 
 illicitus, adj., forbidden, unlawfiil. 
 imbellis, adj., unwarlike, peaceable. 
 imber (imbris), a shower, rain. 
 immissus, flying, darting ; in XV. 
 
 dashing itself. 
 immo, adv., imino cotidie, why? 
 
 every day to be sure. 
 immobilis, -e, adj., immovable, 
 
 fixed. 
 
 immunita, the unfortified parts. 
 impedimenta, baggage. 
 impedio, to impede, hinder ; somno 
 
 impeditus, burdened with sleep, 
 
 because he was so sound asleep. 
 imperator (-oris), general. 
 imperium, order, command; ad 
 
 regis imperium eductus, brought 
 
 out in obedience to the king's 
 
 order. 
 
 impero (1), to command, with dat. 
 impetro (1), to accomplish, obtain. 
 impetus (4), charge, attack. 
 impleo, implevi, impletus, to fulfil, 
 
 fill full. 
 \ impono, imposui, impositus (3), to 
 
 put on, put on board, embark. 
 imprudens, adj. (imprudentis), 
 
 unknowing, unwitting. 
 in, prep, with accus., into, on to; 
 
 with abl. , in, on. 
 
 inbellis, adj., unwarlike, peaceable. 
 incedo, incessi, incessnm (3), to 
 
 walk. 
 incendo, incendi, incensus (3), to 
 
 set on fire, to burn. 
 incertus, adj., uncertain, doubtful. 
 incido, incidi (3), to fall into. 
 incipio, incepi, inceptus, incipere, 
 
 to begin. 
 
 incite (1), to urge, incite. 
 inclamo (1), to call out to. 
 incola (1), an inhabitant. 
 incolo, incolui, incultus (3), to 
 
 inhabit. 
 increpo (1), increpui, increpitus, 
 
 to blame, rebuke. 
 incurvatus, partic. of incurvo, 
 
 bending oneself down. 
 inde, adv., thence. 
 index (indicis), sign. 
 indicium, a sign, indication. 
 indico (1), to give information, tell. 
 induo, indui, indutus (3), to put on ; 
 
 induor, / clothe myself. 
 industria (1), industry; de in- 
 
 dustria, on purpose. 
 industrius, adj., energetic, diligent. 
 ineo, to enter upon; consilium 
 
 inire, to form a plan. 
 infans (infantis), a child. 
 infernum, the lower world. 
 inferus, adj., below, comp., in- 
 ferior, lower ; inferi, those below, 
 
 the dead. 
 
150 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 infestus, adj., dangerous. 
 infirmus, adj., weak; infirmiora, 
 
 the weak points. 
 infractus, from infringe, exhausted) 
 
 broken. 
 ingenium, intellect, intelligence, the 
 
 wits. 
 ingens (ingentis, abl. ingenti, 
 
 nom. plur. neut. ingentia), huge, 
 
 immense. 
 ingredior, ingressus, inf. ingredi, 
 
 to walk, advance, enter. 
 ingressus, from ingredior. 
 inhaerens (pres. part, of inhaereo), 
 
 intent upon, absorbed in. 
 inicio, inieci, iniectus, inicere, to 
 
 throw upon, throw into. 
 iniectus, throivn over, thrown into. 
 inimlcus, subst., an enemy ; adj., 
 
 unfriendly. 
 
 iniquitas (iniquitatis), wickedness. 
 iniquus, adj., unfair; subst., a 
 
 cheat. 
 
 initium, a beginning. 
 initurus, (from ineo), about, or de- 
 stined to win, or earn. 
 iniuria (1), a wrong, an injury, 
 
 injustice. 
 innixus, partic. of innitor, dep., 
 
 leaning upon, propping himself 
 
 up. 
 
 innocens (innocentis), adj., inno- 
 cent. 
 
 innoxius, adj., guiltless, blameless. 
 innumerabilis, adj., innumerable. 
 inopia (1), want. 
 inquit, he said, said he. 
 insidiae, stratagems. 
 insidiosus, adj., artful, insidious. 
 insisto, institi (3), to stand upon. 
 insperatus, unhoped for; inspe- 
 
 rata, unexpected things, the un- 
 expected. 
 inspicio, inspexi, inspectus, in- 
 
 spicere, to look into, inspect, 
 
 examine. 
 instruo, instruxi, instructus (3), 
 
 to lay, draw up. 
 
 [nsiila (1), an island. 
 
 intellggo, intellexi, intellectus (3), 
 
 to understand. 
 
 inter, prep, with accus., between, 
 among ; obsidibus inter se datis, 
 hostages having been exchanged ; 
 inter se loquuntur, they speak 
 one to another. 
 
 intercede, intercessi, intercessum 
 (3), to come between, intervene. 
 
 interdum, adv., sometimes. 
 
 interea, adv., meanwhile. 
 
 interesset from intersum. 
 
 interfectus, from interficio. 
 
 interficio, -feci, -fectus, -ficere (3), 
 to kill, slay. 
 
 interim, adv., meanwhile. 
 
 interitus (4), end, death, destruc- 
 tion. 
 
 interpres (interprets), an inter- 
 preter. 
 
 interpretatio, (-onis), interpreta- 
 tion; est Dei interpretatio, inter- 
 pretation is God's, belongs to 
 God. 
 
 interpreter (1), dep., to interpret. 
 
 interrogate, part, of interrogo, 
 having been asked. 
 
 interrogo (1), I ask, question. 
 
 intersum, to be present at (during], 
 with dat. 
 
 intro (1), to enter. 
 
 introduco, -duxi, -ductus (3), to 
 bring in, or within, to introduce. 
 
 introeo, -ivi, and -ii, -itum, to go in, 
 enter. 
 
 introisset, from introeo. 
 
 introiit, from introeo. 
 
 intuentes, pres. part, of intueor, to 
 gaze at. 
 
 intueor (2), dep. , to look at, behold, 
 gaze at. 
 
 inultus, unavenged. 
 
 inutilis, adj., useless. 
 
 invenio, inveni, inventus, to find 
 out, discover. 
 
 invictus, adj., invincible, proof 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 151 
 
 invideo, invidi, invisus, to envy, 
 with dat. 
 
 invidia (1), envy, unpopularity. 
 
 invito (1), to invite. 
 
 invitus, adj., 'unwilling. 
 
 ipse, self. 
 
 ira (1), wrath, anger. 
 
 irascor, iratus (3), dep., / am 
 angry, with dat. 
 
 iratus, angry, wroth. 
 
 ire, from eo. 
 
 irruo, irrui (3), to fall upon. 
 
 is, ea, id, this. 
 
 iste, ista, istud, that. 
 
 istuc, adv. , to that place, thither. 
 
 ita, adv., so, thus. 
 
 itaque, so. 
 
 iter (itineris), neut.Journey, march, 
 track. 
 
 iterum, adv., again. 
 
 itinere, from iter. 
 
 iubeo, iussi, iussus, to order, com- 
 mand, tell. 
 
 iudex, (iudlcis), a judge. 
 
 iudico (1), to judge. 
 
 iumentum, a beast of burden. 
 
 iunctus, from iungo. 
 
 iungo, iunxi, iunctus (3), to join, 
 harness. 
 
 iunior (iunioris), comp. of iu- 
 venis, younger. 
 
 iure, abl., of ius, by right, pro- 
 
 iuro (1), to swear. 
 
 ius (iuris), right. 
 
 iuste, adv. , properly, rightly. 
 
 iustitia (1), justice. 
 
 iuvo, iuvi, iutus (1), to help. 
 
 iuvenis (iuvenis), a young man, a 
 
 youth. 
 iuventus, (iuventutis), fern., youth, 
 
 the time of youth. 
 iuxta, prep, with ace., near. 
 
 Labienus, Labienus (an officer 
 
 under Caesar). 
 labor (laboris), toil, labour. 
 labor, lapsus (3), dep., to glide, floiu. 
 
 laboro (1), to work; et hoc laboro 
 periculosius, and on this account 
 my illness is more dangerous. 
 
 lac (lactis), milk. 
 
 Lacedaemonii, the Lacadaemonians 
 (a people in Greece). 
 
 lacero (1), to tear. 
 
 Laconicus, adj., Laconian. 
 
 lacrima (1), a tear. 
 
 laetus, adj., glad, joyful. 
 
 lapis (lapidis), masc., a stone. 
 
 lassitude (lassitudinis), fatigue. 
 
 Latine (adv.), in Latin; La tine 
 reddo, / turn, translate into 
 Latin; Latine scio, / know 
 Latin. 
 
 Latinus, adj., Latin, Roman. 
 
 laturus, used as fut. part, of fero. 
 
 latus (lateris), a side. 
 
 latus, adj., broad ; or past part, of 
 fero, carried. 
 
 laudo (1), to praise. 
 
 lavo, lavi, lotus (1), to wash. 
 
 laxamentum, relaxation. 
 
 laxatus, part, of laxo, loosened, 
 loose. 
 
 lectus (2), bed. 
 
 legatio (-onis), embassy. 
 
 legio (legionis/, a legion, a regi- 
 ment. 
 
 16go, legi, lectus (3), to choose, 
 
 . pick out ; read. 
 
 lenio (4), to soothe, console. 
 
 lepidus, adj. In XIII. O lepidum 
 caput ! you splendid felloiv ! 
 
 liber (Hbri), bark ; book. 
 
 liber, libera, liberum,/ree; liberi, 
 the free, (and in distinction to 
 slaves) the children. 
 
 liberalis, adj., liberal, generous. 
 
 liberatus, partic. of libero, set free, 
 delivered. 
 
 liberi, see liber. 
 
 libero (1), to set free, deliver. 
 
 libri, see liber. 
 
 librine, i.e. libri-ne. 
 
 libro (1), to poise. 
 
 licentia (1), leave, permission. 
 
152 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 licet, impersonal verb, it is 
 allowed ; licet mihi, it is allowed 
 to me, it is permitted me, I may. 
 
 ligno (1), to get wood. 
 
 lignum, wood. 
 
 ligo (1), to bind; gressus ligare, 
 to fetter, impede their steps, ad- 
 vance, motion. 
 
 limen (liminis), threshold. 
 
 lingua (1), tongue, language. 
 
 littSra (!), letter (of the alphabet) ; 
 litterae, also a letter (i.e. an 
 epistle], and literature. 
 
 litus (litoris), shore, coast. 
 
 locus (2), place, post, ground, part ; 
 in loco, on the proper occasion. 
 
 locutus, from loquor. 
 
 Londinium, London. 
 
 longe, adv., by far, far; longius, 
 further, farther. 
 
 longus, adj., long. 
 
 loquor, locutus (3), dep., to talk, 
 say. 
 
 lotus, see lavo. 
 
 lucrum (2), gain. 
 
 ludendum, from ludo (3), to play, 
 playing. 
 
 ludo, lusi, lusum (3), to play. In 
 XIII. nihil aliuct quam luditis, 
 you do nothing but play. 
 
 lugeo, luxi, luctum, to mourn. 
 
 luna (1), the moon. 
 
 lusus (4), play. 
 
 Lutetia, Paris. 
 
 lux (lucis), light, light of day, 
 dawn ; prima luce, at first light, 
 at early dawn. 
 
 luxit, see lugeo. 
 
 Macedo, Macedonis (3), a Mace- 
 donian, 
 
 machinor (1), dep., to devise, plot. 
 
 macies (5), leanness, wasting, decay. 
 
 macilentus, adj., lean. 
 
 maeror (maeroris), sorrow. 
 
 inagis, adv., more. 
 
 magister (magistri). a master, a 
 teacher. 
 
 magnificus, a, um, magnificent, 
 splendid. 
 
 magnitude (magnitudinis), size, 
 greatness. 
 
 magnus, adj. , comp. maior, sup. 
 maximus, great, large, big; 
 maior natu, greater by birth, 
 elder. 
 
 maior (maioris), comp. of magnus, 
 bigger, greater, elder. 
 
 maledicus (2), an abusive or foul- 
 mouthed person. 
 
 maleficium (2), a crime. 
 
 mallesne, 'i.e. malles-ne. 
 
 mallet, imperf. subj. of irregular 
 verb malo. 
 
 malo, I prefer, would rather, see 
 p. 130. 
 
 malum (2), an evil, affliction. 
 
 malus, adj., bad. 
 
 inandatum (2), a command, charge. 
 
 mando (1), to entrust, consign, 
 send a message. 
 
 mando, mandi, mansus (3), to 
 chew. 
 
 mane, neut., indeclinable, morning. 
 
 maneo, mansi, mansum, to re- 
 main, stay. 
 
 manipiilus (2), handful, bundle, 
 sheaf. 
 
 mano (1), to stream, fiow. 
 
 manus (4), fern., a hand, a hand- 
 ful, a band of soldiers, the 
 trunk (of an elephant). 
 
 mare (maris), the sea. 
 
 maritimus, adj., maritime, .having 
 to do with the sea. 
 
 marmor (marmoris), marble ; mar- 
 mora, slabs of marble. 
 
 marsupium, a purse. 
 
 mater (matris), a mother. 
 
 maturesco, -rui (3), to ripen. 
 
 maturus, adj., mature, ripe. 
 
 mavult, from malo, I prefer. 
 
 maxilla (1), jaw. 
 
 maximus, see magnus. 
 
 me, accus. of ego ; me miserum, 
 wretched person that I am ! 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 153 
 
 medicus (2), a doctor. 
 
 meditans, part, of meditor (1), 
 
 dep., practising. 
 medius, adj., 'middle; media 
 
 nocte, at midnight. 
 Megara (2), neut. plur., Megara (a 
 
 town in Greece), 
 mel (mellis), honey. 
 membranum, a skin. 
 menibrum (2), a limb. 
 memento, imperative of memini. 
 mexnlni, a perfect with present 
 
 meaning, I remember, takes gen. 
 mensa (1), a table. 
 mensis (mensis), masc., a month. 
 men sura (1), counting, measure; 
 
 mensuram excedere, to exceed 
 
 measure, i.e. not to be able to be 
 
 counted. 
 
 mercator (mercatoris), a merchant. 
 mercatura (1), trade. 
 mercatus (4), market. 
 meridies (5), mid-day. 
 merito, adv., deservedly. 
 merx (mercis), goods, wares. 
 meto, messui, messus (3), to reap. 
 meus, adj., my. 
 mi, voc. of meus. 
 mihi, dat. of ego. 
 miles (militis), a soldier. 
 mille, adj. , a thousand, mille pueri; 
 
 milia, subst., milia puerorum. 
 minime, adv., by no means; 
 
 minime vero, no, certainly not. 
 minister (ministri), servant, minis- 
 ter. 
 
 minis terium, service. 
 ministro (1), to supply, minister, 
 
 serve. 
 
 minor (minoris), smaller. 
 minus, adv., less. 
 miser, misera, miserum, unhappy, 
 
 wretched. 
 misereor, miseritus, dep., to have 
 
 pity upon, with the genit. 
 miseria (1), misfortune, unhappi- 
 
 ness. 
 miseritus, from misereor. 
 
 misi, from mitto. 
 
 missus, from mitto. 
 
 mitto, misi, missus (3), to send, 
 
 to put. 
 
 moderatus, adj., moderate. 
 moderor (1), dep., to alleviate. 
 modo, only ; da modo, just give 
 
 me! modo . . . modo, some- 
 times . . . sometimes. 
 modus (2), 'manner, vvay. 
 molestus, a, um, troublesome. 
 molior, molitus, dep., contrive, 
 
 plot. 
 
 moneo (2), to warn, advise. 
 monitus, from moneo. 
 monumentum, a chronicle. 
 mora (1), delay. 
 morbus (2), a disease, malady ; 
 
 quid morbi est, what kind of 
 
 malady is it ? 
 more, from mos, in the manner of, 
 
 i.e. like. 
 
 mores, from mos. 
 morior, mortuus, inf. mori (3), 
 
 dep., to die. 
 
 moror (1), dep., to delay. 
 mortuus, from morior. 
 mos (moris), manner, custom.. 
 motus, from moveo. 
 mdveo (2), movi, motus, to move, 
 
 stir, rouse, influence, raise, excite, 
 
 set in motion. 
 mox, adv., soon. 
 mulier, mulieris (3), a woman. 
 multiplico (1), to multiply, in- 
 crease. 
 
 multitude (-dinis), a large number. 
 multo, adv., by far, long. 
 multus, adj., much ; multi, many; 
 
 multum temporis, (much of time], 
 
 'much time. 
 mundus (2), world. 
 munera, see munus. 
 munio, to fortify. 
 munus (muneris), a gift. 
 murus (2), a wall. 
 mutatus, from muto. 
 muto (1), to change. 
 
154 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 mutuor, mutuatus (1), dep., to 
 
 "borrow. 
 
 mutus, adj., silent. 
 mutuus, adj., mutual. 
 
 Nares (narium), fern., the nostrils. 
 
 narro (1), to relate, tell. 
 
 nascor, natus sum (3), to be born. 
 In XIV. nascitur, is produced, 
 grows. 
 
 natalitius, adj., having to do ivith 
 birth; natalitius dies, a birth- 
 day, 
 
 natio (nationis), a nation, people. 
 
 natus, a, um, having been born; 
 novem annos natus, nine years 
 old. 
 
 nauta (1), a sailor. 
 
 navigium, a boat, ship. 
 
 navigo (1), to sail. 
 
 navis (navis), a ship. 
 
 ne ; ne, lest, in order that . . . 
 not ; -ne, asks a question, 
 without suggesting what the 
 answer should be, e.g. Vidisti- 
 ne Gaium, have you seen Cams ? 
 
 Neapolis (Neapolis), Naples. 
 
 nee, nor. 
 
 necdum, adv., nor yet. 
 
 necessarius, adj., necessary ; neces- 
 saria, necessaries. 
 
 necesse, adj. neut., necessary ; mihi 
 necesse est ire (or ut earn), / 
 must go. 
 
 neglego, neglexi, neglectus (3), to 
 neglect ; quare neglegitis ? why 
 do you sit idle ? why do you 
 despair ? 
 
 nego (1), to deny ; nego me scire, 
 I say that I do not know. In 
 XII. alius negat alius ait, means 
 one doctor says no, another yes, 
 i. e. one says that one thing is the 
 matter with me, another says that 
 it isn't that. 
 
 negotium, business. 
 
 nemo (neminis, but nullius should 
 be used instead), nobody, no one. 
 
 neque, neither ; neque . . . neque, 
 neither . . . not; sometimes 
 neque means but not, and not, 
 and yet. 
 
 nequidquam, adv., in vain. 
 
 nescio, not to know, to be ignorant 
 
 of. 
 
 neve, nor. 
 
 Nicopolis (abl. Nicopoli), Nicopolis. 
 
 nihil, indeclinable, nothing. 
 
 nihilum (2), nothing ; pro nihilo, 
 as nothing, as of no importance. 
 
 Nilus (2), the Nile. 
 
 iiimis, too. 
 
 nimius, adj., too much, excessive. 
 
 nisi, unless, if . . . not. 
 
 nitor, nisus and nixus (3), dep., 
 to try. 
 
 nobilis, adj., famous, renowned, 
 noble. 
 
 noctu, adv., by night. 
 
 nodus (2), a knot, coil. 
 
 noli, imperative of nolo, be unwill- 
 ing to ; so, e.g. noli anteponere, 
 do not prefer. 
 
 nolo, nolui, nolle, to be unwilling, 
 see p. 129. 
 
 nomen (nominis), a name. 
 
 nondum, not yet. 
 
 nonne is used in asking a ques- 
 tion when you want to suggest 
 the answer ' yes,' e.g. nonne 
 venies, you will come, will you 
 not? 
 
 noster, nostra, nostrum, our; 
 nostri, our men, our soldiers, or 
 army. 
 
 nosti, a contraction for novisti, 
 see novi. 
 
 noto (1), to mark, indicate, censure. 
 
 notus, known, 
 
 novaciila (1), a razor. 
 
 ndvem, nine. 
 
 novi, a perfect with present 
 meaning, I know. 
 
 novisse, from novi. 
 
 nox, noctis, night. 
 
 nuclea (1), the kernel. 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 155 
 
 nudo (1), to strip. 
 
 nugamentum, in XIII. nug. hom- 
 inis, this absurd little creature. 
 
 nullus, adj. (gen. nulllus), no, none. 
 
 num asks a question so as to 
 suggest the answer 'no/ e.g. 
 num librum meum amisisti ? 
 you have not lost my book, have 
 you ? But in indirect questions 
 it means only whether; e.g. 
 rogavit num librum amisissem, 
 he asked me whether I had lost 
 the book. 
 
 numero (1), to count. 
 
 numSrus (2), number, quantity. 
 
 immmus (2), a coin, money. 
 
 numquid, = num. 
 
 nunquam (adv.), never. 
 
 nuritio (1), to announce, inform, 
 relate. 
 
 nuntius (2), a messenger. 
 
 nutus (4), nod, will, pleasure ; ad 
 eius nutum, according to his 
 good pleasure, as he ordered. 
 
 nux (nucis), a nut. 
 
 Obedio (4), to obey. 
 
 obesus, adj., fat, stout, plump; 
 obesis carnibus, full-fleshed. 
 
 oblitus, from obliviscor. 
 
 oblivio (oblividnis), forgetfulness, 
 oblivion. 
 
 obliviscor, oblitus (3), dep., to 
 forget ; sometimes with gen. 
 
 obsequium, complaisance. 
 
 obses (obsidis), a hostage. 
 
 obsessus, from obsideo. 
 
 obsideo, obsedi, obsessus, to be- 
 siege, block up. 
 
 obsides, from obses. 
 
 obstinatus, adj., stubborn, obsti- 
 nate. 
 
 obstupefactus, part, of obstupe- 
 facio, being amazed. 
 
 obtendo, -di, -tus (3), to allege, 
 pretend, plead as an excuse. 
 
 obtestor (1), dep., to entreat. 
 
 obtineo, obtinui, obtentus, to hold. 
 
 obtuli, from offero. 
 
 obviam, adv., to meet. 
 
 occasio, (occasionis), opportunity, 
 
 occasion. 
 
 occasus (4), setting. 
 occido, occidi, occisus (3), to kill. 
 occisio (occisionis), murder. 
 occupo (1), to seize. 
 occurro, occurri, occursum (3), to 
 
 go to meet. 
 
 oeeaims (2), the ocean. 
 octavus,adj. , eighth; hence a name, 
 
 Octavus. 
 oculatus, adj., having eyes; ocu- 
 
 latus testis, an eye-witness. 
 oculus (2), an eye. In XV. hebetes 
 
 oculos, etc., it is said to have 
 
 eyes which are, etc. 
 odi, a perfect with present mean- 
 ing, I hate. 
 
 odium (2), hatred, hate. 
 offero, obtuli, oblatus, to offer; 
 
 obtulerunt, p. 109, they brought 
 
 him before the king. 
 officiuxn, duty. 
 olim, adv., once upon a time. 
 Olympiacus, adj., Olympian; 
 
 Olympiacum certamen, the 
 
 Olympian contest. 
 
 omnipotens (-entis),adj., almighty. 
 omnis, adj., all, every ; in XYI. 
 
 omni vi, with every kind of 
 
 effort. 
 onfirarms, adj. to onus, carrying 
 
 a burden ; naves onerariae, ships 
 
 carrying a freight, merchant 
 
 onero (1), to load, burden, try. 
 onus, oneris, a burden, load. 
 opes (opium), plur., riches, means. 
 opinio, opinionis, opinion, idea, 
 
 impression. 
 opinor (1), a verb having passive 
 
 form with active meaning, to 
 
 fancy. 
 oportet, an impersonal verb ; me 
 
 oportet, it behoves me, I ought ; 
 
 sis oportet, in XII., you must be. 
 
156 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 oppidum, town. 
 
 oppressurus, fut. part, of opprimo. 
 
 optime(adv. ofoptimus), very well. 
 
 optimus, a, um (used as superla- 
 tive of bonus), very good, best. 
 
 opus, operis, work, task; aliquid 
 mini opus est, I want something. 
 
 oratio (orationis), speech, oration. 
 
 orator (oratoris), orator, ambas- 
 sador. 
 
 orbatus, adj., childless. 
 
 orbis (orbis), masc., a circle, the 
 world. 
 
 ordo (ordinis), masc., order, rank, 
 row; p. 115, per ordinem, in 
 order. 
 
 ore, from os, oris. 
 
 orior, ortus, dep. , to rise. 
 
 oro (1), to ask for, beg for, pray for. 
 
 ortus (4), rise, rising ; or partic. 
 of orior. 
 
 os (oris), neut., mouth; ore hiante, 
 its mouth being open. 
 
 os (ossis), neut., a bone. 
 
 osciilor, osculatus, dep., to kiss. 
 
 ostendo, ostendi, ostensus (3), to 
 show, point out. 
 
 ovans, part, of ovo triumphing, 
 in triumph. 
 
 ovis (ovis), fern. , a sheep. 
 
 ovum, an egg. 
 
 Pabulum, food, fodder. 
 
 pacifice, adv., peaceably. 
 
 pacificus, adj., peaceful; pacifici 
 venimus, we have come on a 
 peaceful errand. 
 
 paenituit, from paenitet, an im- 
 personal verb ; me paenitet, it 
 repents me, I regret. 
 
 pallium, cloak. 
 
 palma (1), the palm-tree. 
 
 palus (paludis), fern., marsh. 
 
 paluster, -tris, -tre, adj. (of palus, 
 a marsh], marshy. $ 
 
 panis (panis), masc., bread, food. 
 
 Papae ! indeed ! 
 
 papyrus (2), papyrus. 
 
 par (paris), adj., like, similar. 
 
 pararetur, from paro. 
 
 parco, peperci, parsum (3), to 
 spare, takes the dat. 
 
 parcus, adj., niggardly. 
 
 parens (parentis), a parent. 
 
 pares, from par. 
 
 pariter, adv., alike, equally. 
 
 pario, peperi, partus, parere, to 
 produce, lay, breed. 
 
 paro (1), to prepare, get ready, plot. 
 
 pars (partis), part, quarter, direc- 
 tion, portion (of food) ; p. 117, 
 quinque partibus excedere, to be 
 Jive times bigger. 
 
 partus, partic. of pario, produced, 
 Acquired, got. 
 
 parum, adv., too little; parum 
 honorifice, disrespectfully, with 
 too little respect. 
 
 parumper, adv. , a while. 
 
 parvulus, adj., little ; parvuli, the 
 little ones, children. 
 
 parvus, adj., small, little. 
 
 pasco, pavi, pastus (3), to feed ; in 
 pascendis gregibus, engaged in 
 feeding the flocks. 
 
 pascua (2), pastures. 
 
 passus (4), a pace ; mille passus, 
 a thousand paces, i.e. a mile. 
 
 pastus (4), feeding, pasture. 
 
 patefactus, part, of patefacio, to 
 bring to light, clear up. 
 
 pater (patris), a father. 
 
 patibulum, a gibbet. 
 
 patienter, adv., patiently. 
 
 patior, passus, pati, to suffer, 
 endure, allow, permit. 
 
 patria (1), country, native-country. 
 
 paucitas (paucitatis), fewness. 
 
 pauci, adj., a few, only a few. 
 
 paulatim, adv., by degrees, gradu- 
 ally. 
 
 paulo, adv., a little. 
 \ paululum, adv. , a little way. 
 ' pauxillum, adv., a little. 
 
 paveo (2), to fear, be afraid. 
 
 pavor (pavoris), fear, terror. 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 157 
 
 pax (pacis), peace; pax vobiscum 
 
 (sit), peace be with you, i.e. do 
 
 not be troubled. 
 peccatum (2), a crime. 
 pecco (1), to sin, offend, do wrong. 
 pecunia (1), money, sum of money. 
 pecus (peciidis), fern., one of a 
 
 flock, e.g. a sheep. 
 pecus (pecoris), a herd. 
 pedes, peditis, a foot-soldier ; or 
 
 plural of pes. 
 peius, adv., worse. 
 pendeo, pependi, to hang upon, 
 
 depend upon. 
 
 pendo, pependi, pensus (3), to pay. 
 per, prep, with accus. , through, by 
 
 means of, along, during; per 
 
 somnium, in a dream. 
 percunctatus sum, perf. of per- 
 
 cunctor a verb with passive 
 
 form but active meaning, / in- 
 quire strictly. 
 percussus, partic. of percutio, per- 
 
 cussi (3), struck, stricken, blasted. 
 Perdiccas ( Perdiccae),Pmfo'ccas (one 
 
 of the generals of Alexander the 
 
 Great). 
 
 perditurus, fut. partic. of perdo. 
 perditus, see perdo. 
 perdo, perdidi, pe'rditus (3), to lose, 
 
 destroy, waste ; perditus, lost, 
 
 abandoned. 
 
 perdomitus, from perdomo. 
 perdomo, perdomui, perdomitus, 
 
 perdomare, to thoroughly subdue. 
 perdtico (3), to bring to a place. 
 pereo (per and eo), to perish, to be 
 
 killed. 
 
 perforo (1), to make a hole in. 
 Pergamus, Pergamus (a city in 
 
 Mysia, in Asia Minor), 
 pergo, perrexi, perrectum (3), to 
 
 go, advance, go forward. 
 periculosus, adj., dangerous. 
 periculum, danger, trial. 
 permulti, adj., very many. 
 perpetuus, adj., perpetual, con- 
 tinual. 
 
 persequor, persecutus (3), dep., 
 
 to follow after. 
 persevere (1), to insist, persist, 
 
 persevere. 
 perterritus, very alarmed; pavore 
 
 perterritus, stricken with fear. 
 pertinens, pres. part, of pertineo, 
 
 belonging, tending. 
 pervenio, perveni, perventum, to 
 
 reach, arrive, come up. 
 pes (pedis), afoot. 
 pessimus (used as superlative of 
 
 malus), very bad, worst; fera 
 
 pessima, an evil beast. 
 pestilentia (1), & pestilence, plague. 
 peto, petivi and petii, petltus (3), 
 
 to ask. 
 
 philosophia (1), philosophy. 
 philosophus (2), a philosopher. 
 pila (1), a ball. 
 
 pincerna (1), a butler, cupbearer. 
 pistor (pistoris), a baker. 
 pistorius, adj., belonging to a baker; * 
 
 ars pistoria, the baker's art. 
 placabilis, -e, adj., propitious. 
 placet, pleases; placet mini, it 
 
 pleases me. 
 
 plane, adv., clearly, distinctly. 
 planta (1), a plant. 
 plaustrum (2), a waggon. 
 plenus, adj., full. 
 plerumque, adv., generally. 
 ploro (1), to lament. 
 pluit, it rains. 
 plumbeus, adj. (of plumbum, lead], 
 
 leaden. 
 
 plurimum, adv., very much. 
 pluris, gen. of plus, of more value, 
 
 worth more. 
 plus, adv., more. 
 pociilum, a cup. 
 poema, poematis, a poem. 
 poena (1), punishment. 
 polluo, pollui, polliitus (3), to 
 
 stain, pollute. 
 pondus (ponderis), weight. 
 pono, posui, positus (3), to put, 
 
 place, put on, serve. 
 
158 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 pons (pontis), masc. , a bridge. 
 
 pdpiilus (2), a people. 
 
 porrigo, porrexi, porrectus (3), to 
 
 stretch out, reach out, hand. 
 porta (1), a gate. 
 porto (1), to carry. 
 portus (4), a harbour. 
 positus, partic. of pono. 
 possideo, possedi, possessus (2), to 
 
 possess. 
 possum, potui, posse, / am able, 
 
 I can ; see p. 123. 
 post, adv. , afterwards ; prep, with 
 
 ace., after. 
 
 postea, adv. , afterwards, after that. 
 xposterior (-oris), adj., following, 
 ^ later. 
 
 posthac, adv. , henceforth, in future. 
 postquam, conj. after that. 
 postremo, adv., at last, last of all, 
 
 in conclusion. 
 
 potestas (potestatis), power, autho- 
 rity ; potestatem facere, to give 
 leave. 
 
 potior (potitus), to acquire, get, 
 gain possession of; the verb is 
 active in meaning though pas- 
 sive in form. 
 
 praecedo, praecessi, praecessum 
 (3), to go before, precede, have 
 the precedence of. 
 praecepit, from praecipio. 
 praeceptor (praeceptoris), master, 
 
 teacher. 
 praecipio, praecepi, praeceptus, 
 
 praecipere, to order, with dat. 
 praecipito (1), to dash, dart. 
 praecludo, praeclusi, praeclusus (3), 
 
 to stop up. 
 
 praeco (praeconis), a herald. 
 praeda (1), booty. 
 
 praedico, praedixi, praedictus (3), 
 to tell beforehand, foretell, pre- 
 dict. 
 
 praedo (praedonis), a pirate. 
 praeficio, praefeci, praefectus, prae- 
 fioere, to set over, set in command, 
 with the dat. 
 
 praelium, a battle, engagement. 
 praemisit, from praemitto. 
 praemitto, praemisi, praemissus 
 
 (3), to send before, or first. 
 praemium (2), a reward. 
 praeparo (1), to prepare; prae- 
 
 paretur, let it be prepared, let 
 
 preparations be made. 
 praepositus, partic. of praepono, 
 
 set at the top, set in command ; 
 
 with the dative, praepositus 
 
 omnibus, set in command of 
 
 everything ; as a subst., p. 110, 
 
 an officer. 
 
 praesagus, adj., prophetic. 
 praesentia (1), the present. 
 praesidium, a garrison. 
 praesto, praestiti, praestitum (1), 
 
 to stand before, stand out, be 
 
 superior to ; praestat, it is better. 
 praesto, adv., ready. 
 praesum, to be in command, with 
 
 dat. 
 praeter, prep, with ace., except, 
 
 besides. 
 j praetereuntes, part, of praetereo. 
 
 the passers by. 
 praevaleo (2), to prevail. 
 precario, adv., by entreaty, by mere 
 
 favour, or sufferance. 
 preces, precum, plur., prayers. 
 premo, pressi, pressus (3), to press, 
 
 pinch, push hard, drive. 
 pretium (2), price, money. 
 primo, adv., at first. 
 primum, adv., first; cum primum, 
 
 as soon as ever. 
 primus, adj. , first. 
 pririceps (principis), chief, a chief 
 
 or principal person. 
 prior (prioris), former, preceding ; 
 
 prius, adv., before. 
 pristinus, adj., former. 
 priusquam, conj., before that. 
 pro, prep, with abl., in front of, 
 
 in proportion to, instead of; pro 
 
 nihilo, as nothing, as of no im- 
 portance. 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 159 
 
 probo (1), to prove, test, count. 
 
 probus, adj., honest. 
 
 procedo, process!, processum (3), 
 to advance. 
 
 processerat, from procedo. 
 
 proclamo (1), to shout out, pro- 
 claim. 
 
 procul, adv.,/ar, afar off. 
 
 prodest, from prosurn. 
 
 profanus, adj., unholy, impious. 
 
 profecto, adv. , certainly, to be sure. 
 
 profectus, from proficiscor, having 
 travelled, come. 
 
 proficiscor, profectus (3), dep., to 
 set out, start. 
 
 profiteer, professus, dep. , to prof ess, 
 make a profession of. 
 
 progenies (5), family, descent. 
 
 progredior, progresses, progredi, 
 dep., to advance, go forward. 
 
 proicio, proieci, proiectus, proicere, 
 to throw forth, cast. 
 
 promissum (2), a promise. 
 
 promitto, promisi, promissum (3), 
 to promise. 
 
 pronus, adj., falling down. 
 
 propago (propaginis), a branch. 
 
 prope, adv. , near ; prep. with ace. , 
 near to. 
 
 propinquus (2), a relative. 
 
 propius, . adv. , comp. of prope, 
 nearer. 
 
 propter, prep, with accus., on 
 account of, because of; adv., 
 near, close by, by his side. 
 
 prorsus, adv. , entirely, altogether. 
 
 prospere, adv., successfully, pros- 
 perously. 
 
 prosperus, adj., favourable; re- 
 spondebit prospera, shall give a 
 favourable answer. 
 
 prosum, to profit, to do good to one. 
 
 protinus, adv., at once, straight- 
 way. 
 
 provideo, providi, provisus, to look 
 out for, provide. 
 
 provincia (I), province, country. 
 
 provoco (1), to appeal. 
 
 proximus, super, of prope, nearest, 
 next, very near. 
 
 prudenter, adv., wisely. 
 
 prudentia (1), ivisdom. In XIII. 
 scit tua prudentia, you in your 
 wisdom know, you are so wise 
 that you know. 
 
 publicus, adj., public. 
 
 puer (pueri), a boy, a slave. In V. 
 puer means when a boy. 
 
 pueritia (1), boyhood. 
 
 pugna (1), a battle. 
 
 pugno (1), to fight. 
 
 pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum ; pul- 
 chrior, pulcherrinms;/aM*, beau- 
 tiful, well favoured. 
 
 pulchritudo (-dinis), beauty. 
 
 pulliilo (1), to sprout. 
 
 pulso (1), to strike, beat, batter, 
 appeal to. 
 
 punio (4), to punish. 
 
 purgo (1), to clear oneself, to make 
 excuses. 
 
 puto(l), to think. 
 
 Quadrapes (quadrupedis), adj., 
 
 fourfooted. 
 quaere, quaesivi, quaesltus (3), to 
 
 seek, to look for. 
 quaeso (3), I pray. 
 quaesivi, perf. of quaero. 
 quaestus (4), gain. 
 qualis, adj., of what kind, of which 
 
 kind ; talis . . . qualis, of such a 
 
 kind as. 
 quam, than; quam proxime 
 
 poterat, as near as he could. 
 quamdiu, 50 long as, all the while 
 
 that. 
 
 quarnobrem, for which reason. 
 quamquam, although. 
 quando, when. 
 quantus, how great ? tantus . . . 
 
 quan tus, as great . . . s;quanti, 
 
 at wliat price ? for what ? for 
 
 hoiv much ? 
 quare, adv. , ivhy ? 
 quasi, adv. , as it ivere. 
 
160 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 quattuor, four. 
 
 que, and. 
 
 quemaclmodum, as. 
 
 queror, questus (3), dep., to com- 
 plain. 
 
 qui, adv. , how ? 
 
 qui, quae, quod (gen. cuius), re- 
 lative pronoun, who, which, 
 what. In XVIII. qua re, for 
 which reason ; followed by the 
 subjunctive qui may be equi- 
 valent to ut (to, in order to) ; 
 cpi extorqueat, to wring. 
 
 quia, conj., because. 
 
 quicuiique, whoever. 
 
 quidam, quaedam, quoddam, a 
 certain. 
 
 quidem, adv., indeed; et quidem 
 permultos (medicos consului), 
 indeed 1 have consulted a great 
 many doctors. 
 
 quidquam (neut. of quisquam), 
 anything. 
 
 quidquid (neut. of quisquis), any- 
 thing. 
 
 quies (quietis), fern., quiet, rest. 
 
 quiesco, quievi, quietus (3), to be 
 at rest, to repose. 
 
 quinque, five. 
 
 quintus, adj., fifth. 
 
 quis, quis, quid, who ? quid, why ? 
 num quid, whether ? quid morbi 
 est, what malady is it ? 
 
 quisnam, who ? 
 
 quispiam, some or other. 
 
 quisquam, any one. 
 
 quisque, each. 
 
 quo, whither ? where ? 
 
 quod (adv.), because. In XII. 
 diu est quod, is it a long time 
 that ; or since ; p. 110, quod 
 vidisti, the fact that you have 
 seen. 
 
 quomodo, how? 
 
 quoniam, since. 
 
 quoque, also. 
 
 quot, how many ? 
 
 quoties, how often ? as often as. 
 
 quot us, a, um ; quoto die, on what 
 days ? at what intervals ? 
 
 Radix (radicis), a root. 
 
 rado, rasi, rasum (3), to shave. 
 
 ramus (2), a branch. 
 
 raserat, see rado. 
 
 ratio (rationis), skill; ratione et 
 
 consilio, by skilful strategy. 
 recedo, recessi, recessum (3), to 
 
 withdraw, retire, go away, fall 
 
 upon, devolve. 
 recido, recidi, recasus (3), to fall, 
 
 to throw oneself tcpon. 
 recipio, recepi, receptus, recipere, 
 
 to get back, receive again; se in 
 
 lectum recipere, to betake him- 
 
 <self again to bed ; in meam hunc 
 
 fidem recepi, I have made my- 
 self responsible for him. 
 recondo, recondidi, reconditus (3), 
 
 to put back. 
 recordor (1), dep., to remember, 
 
 governs gen. 
 rectene, recte and ne, recte, 
 
 rightly ; recte valeo, / am quite 
 
 well. 
 recumbo, recubui (3), to lie down 
 
 again. 
 recurro, recurri, recursum (3), to 
 
 run back. 
 
 redactus, see redigo. 
 reddo, reddidi, redditus (3), to 
 
 give back, return, render, turn 
 
 into, translate. 
 redigo, redegi, redactus (3), to 
 
 collect. 
 
 reduces, from redux. 
 reduco, reduxi, reductus (3), to 
 
 bring back, lead back. 
 redux (reducis), adj.. returning. 
 refero, rettuli, relatus, referre, to 
 
 bring back, relate, tell, see p. 126. 
 reficio, refeci, refectus, reficere, to 
 
 repair, refit. 
 reglna (1), queen. 
 regio (regionis), part, region, 
 
 district. 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 161 
 
 regnum, kingdom. 
 
 rego, rexi, rectus (3), to rule. 
 
 reicio, reieci, reiectus, reicere to 
 
 throw back. 
 
 religo (1), to tie, fasten. 
 relinquo, reliqui, relictus (3), to 
 
 leave. 
 
 reliquus. adj., remaining. 
 renianeo, remansi, to remain, to 
 
 survive. 
 
 reraansit, from remaneo. 
 remitto, remisi, remissus (3), to 
 
 send lack. 
 renuntio (1), to bring back word, 
 
 declare, announce. 
 reperio, repperi, repertus, to find. 
 repono, reposui, repositus (3), to 
 
 put back. 
 
 reporto (1), to carry back, bring back. 
 repperi, from reperio. 
 require, requisivi, requisitus (3), 
 
 to require, ask for again. 
 res (5), thing, affair, matter, event, 
 
 fact, result. 
 resaluto (1), to return a salute, 
 
 greeting. 
 rescribo, rescripsi, rescriptus (3), 
 
 to write back. 
 reserve (1), to preserve. 
 resma (1), balm. 
 resolvo, resolvi, resolutus (3), to 
 
 untie, unbind, loosen. 
 respondeo, respondi, responsum 
 
 (2), to answer. 
 restituo, restitui, restitutus (3), to 
 
 restore. 
 
 resto, restiti (1), to remain. 
 retineo, retinui, retentus, to keep. 
 retrudo (3), to thrust back. 
 rettulisset, see refero. 
 reus, adj., accused, guilty ; reus 
 
 fit, is put on his trial. 
 revertor, re versus, dep., to return, 
 
 come back. 
 
 revive revixi, re vie turn (3), to re- 
 vive. 
 
 rex (regis), a king. 
 Rhenus (2), the Rhine. 
 
 ripa (1), bank (of a river). 
 
 risus (4), laughter. 
 
 rixor (1), dep., to quarrel. 
 
 Roma (1), Rome. 
 
 Romanus, adj., Roman. 
 
 rumpo, rupi, ruptus (3), to break, 
 
 burst. 
 
 rursus, adv., again. 
 rus (ruris), country ; rure, in the 
 
 country; rus, ace., to the country; 
 
 rura, the green-fields, the country. 
 
 Saccus (2), a sack. 
 
 sacculum, a sack. 
 
 saepe, adv., often. 
 
 saevus, adj., fierce, cruel. 
 
 salto (1), to dance. 
 
 salus (salutis), health, safety, life. 
 
 salvator (salvatoris), saviour, pre- 
 
 server. 
 salve (imperative of salveo), Hail ! 
 
 I hope you are well ! 
 salveo, / am well; satis iam 
 
 salveo, i.e. that's enough in the 
 
 way of greetings. 
 salvus, adj., safe, well. 
 sane, adv. In XIII. sane ut 
 
 tenes, how well you remember, 
 
 to be sure ! 
 
 sanguis (sangumis), masc., blood. 
 sanitas (sanitatis), health. 
 sapiens (sapientis), adj., wise; 
 
 sapiens, a wise man. 
 sapienter, adv., wisely; sapien- 
 
 tissime, very wisely. 
 sapientia (1), wisdom. 
 sarcio, sarsi, sartus, to repair, 
 
 make good. 
 
 satis, adv. , enough, well. 
 satur, satura, saturum, adj., 
 
 sated, having eaten enough. 
 
 scienter, adv., skilfully, scientifi- 
 
 scientia (1), science. 
 scilicet, you see. 
 
 scindo, scldi, scissus (3), to cut, tear, 
 rend. 
 
 M 
 
162 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 scio, scivi and scii, scitum, to 
 know. 
 
 sciscitor, sciscitatus, dep., to in- 
 quire, ask, question. 
 
 scissus, from scindo. 
 
 scribo, scrips!, script us (3), to 
 write. 
 
 scriptor (scriptoris), writer. 
 
 scrutor, scrutatus, dep. , to search. 
 
 scyphus (2), cup, goblet. 
 
 Scytha (1), a Scythian. 
 
 se, himself, herself, itself, them- 
 selves. 
 
 seciilum, an age, a lifetime, 
 
 secum, se and cum. 
 
 secundum, prep, with accus., ac- 
 cording to. 
 
 secundus, adj., second. 
 
 secutus, from sequor. 
 
 sedeo, sedi, sessum, to sit. 
 
 seges (segetis), fern. , a cornfield, a 
 crop. 
 
 segnior, comp. of segnis, dull. 
 
 segniter, adv., sluggishly, lazily/ 
 
 semel, adv., once; semel et saepius, 
 once and again. 
 
 semper, always. 
 
 senecta (1), old age. 
 
 senectus (senectutis), fern., old age. 
 
 senex (senis), an old ma,n. 
 
 sententia (1), opinion, decision. 
 
 sentio, sensi, to feel, observe, notice, 
 be aware of. 
 
 seorsum, adv., separately. 
 
 septem, seven. 
 
 Septimus, adj., seventh. 
 
 Sequana, the Seine. 
 
 sequor, secutus, dep., to follow. 
 
 sermo (sermonis), talk, conversa- 
 tion, the word. 
 
 serpens (serpentis), fern. , a serpent, 
 snake. 
 
 Sertorius, Sertorius (a Roman 
 general). 
 
 servitus (servitutis), fern., slavery. 
 
 servo (1), to keep, preserve. 
 
 servus (2), a slave, servant. 
 
 sic, so. 
 
 Sichimi, the Schechemites. 
 
 sicut, as, just as. 
 
 signum, a sign; signa, military 
 ensigns, standards. 
 
 silentium, silence. 
 
 similis, adj., like; takes dat. or 
 gen. 
 
 simul, adv., together ; simul atque, 
 at the same time as, as soon as. 
 
 simulo (1), to pretend. 
 
 sine, prep, with abl., without. 
 
 singiilus, adj., each, separate, 
 different. 
 
 sobrius, adj., sober. 
 
 soccus (2), a shoe. 
 
 sol (solis), the sun. 
 
 soleo, perf. solitus sum, to be ac- 
 customed. 
 
 solito, from solitum, than usual. 
 
 solitudo (solitudinis), solitude or a 
 solitude, a desert place. 
 
 solium, throne; p. 110, uno tan- 
 turn solio, only on the throne 
 alone. 
 
 sollicitudo (sollicitudinis), concern, 
 anxiety, solicitude. 
 
 solus, a, um (gen. solius, dat. soli), 
 
 fr only, alone. 
 
 solvo, solvi, solutus (3), to loose, 
 cut loose, put off (a ship). 
 
 somniator (3), a dreamer. 
 
 somnium, a dream. 
 
 somnus (2), sleep. 
 
 sonus (2), sound. 
 
 sopor (soporis), sleep, sleepiness. 
 
 soror (sororis), a sister. 
 
 sospes (sospitis), adj., safe and 
 sound. 
 
 spatium, time. 
 
 species (5), a kind. 
 
 spero (1), to hope, expect. 
 
 spes (5), hope. 
 
 spica (1), ear (of corn). 
 
 spiritus (4), breath, spirit. 
 
 spondeo, spopondi, sponsus, to 
 pledge oneself. 
 
 spopondi, from spondeo. 
 
 squalor (squaloris), wretchedness. 
 
LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 163 
 
 stacte (stactes), myrrh. 
 
 statim, adv., at once. 
 
 statuo, statui, statutus (3), to 
 
 determine, settle. 
 stella (1), a star. 
 
 stercus (stercoris), dung, manure. 
 sterilitas (sterilitatis), barrenness. 
 stipula (1), stem, Hade. 
 sto, steti, statum (1) to stand; 
 
 cum Sertorio stare, to stand with 
 
 Sertorius, to take his part or 
 
 side. 
 
 stola (1), robe. 
 storax (storacis), spice. 
 studeo (2), to study. 
 stadium (2), study, pursuit. 
 stultus, adj., foolish. 
 suadeo, suasi, suasum, to persuade, 
 
 with dat. 
 sub, prep., with abl. (and ace.), 
 
 under ; sub ipso erat (p. 107), 
 
 under his control ; sub adventu, 
 
 just before the approach. 
 subicio, subieci, subiectus, subi- 
 
 cere, to subject. 
 subito, adv., suddenly. 
 sublatus, see tollo. 
 suborn andus, must be provided, 
 
 instigated. 
 
 substantia (1), substance, pro- 
 perty. 
 subvenio, subveni, subventum, to 
 
 come to somebody's assistance. 
 succedo, successi (3) ; si non suc- 
 
 cesserit, if all does not go well, 
 
 i. e. if I don't succeed. 
 succus (2), sap. 
 sufficio, suffeci, suffectum, sufficere, 
 
 to be sufficient, enough. 
 Sulmonenses, the people of Sulmo 
 
 (a place in Italy). 
 summus, adj., highest ; in summa 
 
 quercu, on the oak where it is 
 
 highest, i.e. at the top of the oak. 
 sumo, sumpsi, sumptus (3), to take. 
 sumptus (4), expense. 
 superior, adj., higher, former. 
 supero (1), to exceed, surpass. 
 
 superstes (superstitis), adj., sur- 
 viving. 
 
 superstitem, from superstes. 
 
 supra, adv., above, over, on the 
 top; prep, with ace., above, 
 beyond. 
 
 supremus, adj., last. 
 
 surdus, adj., deaf. 
 
 surgo, surrexi, surrectum (3), to 
 rise, get up. 
 
 surrexi, from surgo. 
 
 suscipio, suscepi, susceptus, sus- 
 cipere, to undertake, take charge 
 of, undertake the charge of. 
 
 suspendo, suspend!, suspensus (3), 
 to hang, suspend. 
 
 suspicor (1), verb with passive 
 form and active meaning, to 
 suspect. 
 
 sustulit, see tollo. 
 
 sutor, (sutoris), shoemaker, cobbler. 
 
 suus, adj., his own, etc. 
 
 T. as the initial of a name stands 
 for Titus. 
 
 Taberna (1), inn, hotel, tavern. 
 
 tabula (1), a tablet. 
 
 taceo, to be silent. 
 
 tacitus, adj., silent; tacitus con- 
 siderabat, was silently ponder- 
 ing. 
 
 talentum, a talent. 
 
 tails, adj., such, of such a kind. 
 
 tarn, adv. , so, so much ; tarn . . . 
 quam, as well . . . as, both . . . 
 and. 
 
 tamen, however. 
 
 tandem, at last. 
 
 tantum, adv., so, so much, only ; 
 in tantum, equally, propor- 
 tionately. 
 
 tantus, adj., such, so great. 
 
 tardus, adj., slow; tardius, slower 
 than it might, rather slowly. 
 
 Tarentinus, adj., inhabitant of 
 Tarentum ; Tarentini quidarn 
 iuvenes, some young men of 
 Tarentum. 
 
164 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 tecum, te and cum. 
 
 teges (tegetis), fern., a mat. 
 
 telum, a dart, javelin. 
 
 tempestas (ternpestatis), weatlicr. 
 
 templum, a temple. 
 
 tempus (temporis), time. 
 
 temulentus, adj., drunk, intoxi- 
 cated. 
 
 teneo, tenui, tentus, to hold. 
 
 tenere, adv. of tener, tenderly, 
 dearly. 
 
 tenuis, e, adj., thin. 
 
 terebinthus (2), pistacchio nuts. 
 
 tergum, a back. 
 
 terminus (2), end. 
 
 terra (1), earth, land. 
 
 terreo, to frighten. 
 
 terrestris, terrestre, adj., from 
 terra, belonging to the land, 
 land. 
 
 terror (terroris), terror. 
 
 tertius, adj., third. 
 
 testis (testis), a witness. 
 
 texo, texui, textus (3), to weave, 
 plait, build. 
 
 Themistocles (-is), Themistocles 
 (the great Greek statesman). 
 
 thesaurus (2), a treasure. 
 
 tibi, from tu. 
 
 timeo (2), to fear. 
 
 timor (timoris), fear. 
 
 tinguo, tinxi, tinctus (3), to dip. 
 
 tiro (tironis), a beginner. 
 
 tollo, sustuli, sublatus (3), to 
 raise, lift. 
 
 tondeo, totondi, tonsus, to cut the 
 hair, shave. 
 
 tonsor (tonsoris), hair - cutter, 
 barber. 
 
 tonstrina (1), a hair -cutter's shop. 
 
 torpeo, to be numb, lifeless, in- 
 active. 
 
 torques (torquis), fern., necklace, 
 collar. 
 
 tot, so many. 
 
 totonderit, see tondeo. 
 
 totus, adj. (gen. totius), the whole. 
 
 trado, tradidi, traditus (3), to give 
 
 over, hand over, deliver, relate, 
 recount; in XVI. quae tradeban- 
 tur, the things which were bc.hnj 
 delivered to him, the lessons lie 
 was being given. 
 
 trans, prep, with ace., across. 
 
 transactis, partic. of transigo, hav- 
 ing been spent, having gone by. 
 
 transeo, transivi and transii, 
 transitum, to go across, to cross. 
 
 transituri, when about to cross. 
 
 transfero, trans and fero, to trans- 
 fer, transplant, move, shift. 
 
 transfigo, transfixi, transfixus (3), 
 to pierce, transfix. 
 
 transfixit, from transfigo. 
 
 transiturus, see transeo. 
 
 tres, tria, three. 
 
 tribulatio (-onis), tribulation, 
 trouble. 
 
 tribunus (2), tribune ; tribunus 
 militum, an officer. 
 
 triginta, thirty. 
 
 tristis, adj., sad, gloomy. 
 
 triticum, wheat. 
 
 trochilus (2), a wren. 
 
 tuli, see fero. 
 
 turn, then. 
 
 tune, then. 
 
 tunica (1), a tunic, coat. 
 
 turba (1), a crowd. 
 
 turbo (1), to disturb; turbatus, 
 alarmed. 
 
 turpis, adj., base, disgraceful. 
 
 turpiter, adv. of turpis, basely, in 
 disgrace. 
 
 tutus, adj., safe. 
 
 Ubertas (ubertatis), plenty. 
 
 ubi, where ? when ? 
 
 ubicunque, wherever. 
 
 ullus, adj. (gen. ullius), any. 
 
 ultra, adv. , further, any more. 
 
 una, adv., together. 
 
 unde, adv. , from where 1 whence ? 
 
 undecim, eleven. 
 
 undique, adv., on all sides. 
 
 unguentum, scent, perfume. 
 
r 
 
 LATIN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY 
 
 165 
 
 unguis (unguis), masc., a nail, 
 claw. 
 
 universus, adj., uni versa, every- 
 thing without exception, the 
 ivhole. 
 
 unus, adj. (gen. umus), one. 
 
 urbanus, adj., having to do with 
 the city; res urbanae, city 
 affairs, the doings of the city. 
 
 urbs (urbis), a city. 
 
 uredo (uredinis), Night. 
 
 uro, ussi, ustus (3), to burn. 
 
 usque, usque ad, up to, down to. 
 
 ustus, from uro. 
 
 usus (4), the use. 
 
 ut, conj. (1), that, in order that ; 
 (2), that, so that; (3), as; ut 
 potero, as I shall be able, as 
 well as I can. 
 
 uteiinus, adj., born of the same 
 mother. 
 
 uterque, utraque, utrumque, each 
 (of two). 
 
 utilis, e, adj. (comp. utilior, sup. 
 utilissimus), useful. 
 
 utor, usus sum (3), to use; the 
 verb is active in meaning though 
 passive in form. It takes the 
 ablative. 
 
 utrum, whether. 
 
 uva (1), a bunch of grapes. 
 
 uxor (uxoris), wife. 
 
 Vado (3), to go. 
 
 vagina (\}, sheafh. 
 
 vale, imperat. of valeo, fare- 
 well ! 
 
 valeo, valui, valitum, / am well. 
 
 valetudo ( valet udinis), health. 
 
 varius, adj., different. 
 
 vas, vasis (pi. vasa, vasorum), 
 vessel, baggage. 
 
 vasto (1), to lay waste, to waste. 
 
 vecordia (1), madness. 
 
 vectlgal (vectigalis), a tax. 
 
 vehementer, adv., hard, eagerly. 
 
 veho, vexi, vectus (3), to carry ; 
 vehor, 1 am carried, I ride. 
 
 velle, infin. of volo. 
 
 velox, adj. (velocis, comp. velo- 
 
 cior), quick; velocius, adv., 
 
 more quickly. 
 velum, a sail. 
 velut, conj., as if, like; velut 
 
 hostias, as if they were victims, 
 
 as they do victims. 
 vendo, vendidi, venditus (3), to 
 
 sell. 
 venerandus, adj., honoured, re- 
 
 venia (1), leave, permission. 
 vfinio, veni, ventum, to come. 
 venter (ventris), stomach, belly. 
 ventus (2), wiiid. 
 venundo (-dedi, -datum), to sell. 
 ver (veris), neut., spring (the 
 
 season). 
 
 verber (verberis), neut., a blow. 
 verbum, a word. 
 vereor, veritus, dep., to fear; 
 
 vereor ut (with subj.), to fear 
 
 that . . . not. 
 veritas (veritatis), truth. 
 veritus, from vereor. 
 vero, adv. , but, however ; in 
 
 transl. VII. tu vero, what about 
 
 versus, prep, with ace., towards ; 
 or partic. of verto. 
 
 verto, verti, versus (3), turn, 
 change ; se vertere, to turn them- 
 selves, i. e. to turn their backs and 
 flee. 
 
 verum, the truth ; verum, true ; 
 or adv., but. 
 
 verus, adj., true. 
 
 vescor (3), dep., to feed, eat; 
 governs the abl. 
 
 vespSre, in the evening. 
 
 vestigium, a trace. 
 
 vestis (vestis), clothing, clothes. 
 
 vestio, to clothe. 
 
 vetus (veteris), adj., old. 
 
 vi, from vis, omni vi, with every 
 kind of effort, ivith all ones 
 might. 
 
166 
 
 LATIN COUKSE 
 
 via, way, road, street. 
 
 viator (viatoris), traveller. 
 
 vici, from vinco. 
 
 victor (victoris), a conqueror. 
 
 victus (4), life, living; or partic. 
 
 of vinco. 
 videlicet, adv., you see, of course, 
 
 namely. 
 video, vidi, visus, to see; videor, 
 
 to seem, appear. 
 vigil (vigilis), adj., awake; subst., 
 
 a guard. 
 
 vigiliae, guards, a watch. 
 viginti, indeclinable, twenty. 
 vigor (vigoris), vigour. 
 vincio, vinxi, vinctus, to bind. 
 vinco, vici, victus, to conquer. 
 vinctus, from vincio. 
 vinciilum, a chain. 
 vinum, wine. 
 vinxit, from vincio. 
 violenter, adv., violently, forcibly. 
 vir (viri), a man, a great man. 
 virecta, plur. , reeds. 
 vires, plur. of vis, strength, powers. 
 virtus (virtutis), fern., virtue, 
 
 bravery, merits. 
 vis (ace. vim, abl. vi, plur. vires) 3 
 
 violence ; or 2d. pers. sing. ind. 
 
 pres. of volo. 
 
 viscera (viscerum), neut. Jlesh. 
 vlsne, vis (from volo) and ne. 
 viso, abl. of visus, from video, 
 visum (2), a sight, apparition. 
 visum, see video. 
 vita (1), life. 
 vitis (vitis), a vine. 
 vito (1), to avoid, shun. 
 vivo, vixi, victus (3), to live. 
 vivus, adj., living, alive, during 
 
 life. 
 
 vocatis, from voco. 
 voco (1), to call, summon. 
 volet, fut. of volo. 
 volo, volui, velle, to wish, want, 
 
 see p. 128; quid sibi vult, what 
 
 does it mean ? 
 volucris (volucris), a bird. 
 voluntas (voluntatis), will. 
 voluptas (voluptatis), pleasure. 
 vos, plur. of tu. 
 vox (vocis), remark, saying. 
 vulgo (1), to spread about, publish 
 
 about. 
 
 vulnus (vulneris), a wound. 
 vultus (4), look, expression. 
 
ENGLISH-LATIN DICTIONARY. 
 
 Obs. A figure after a word denotes the declension or conjugation to ivhich 
 the word belongs. 
 
 A great many friends, multi amid. 
 a little (p. 8), paullo. 
 abandoned (i.e. wicked), perditus. 
 able : to be able, posse, p. 123. 
 about, when it means " concern- 
 ing," de, with abl. 
 above, supra (adv. ) 
 absence : in my absence, me ab- 
 
 sente (i.e. I being absent). 
 absorb : to be absorbed, inhaerere 
 
 (inhaesi, inhaesum), see Trans. I. 
 accuse, accuso (1). 
 adopt : to adopt a resolution, con- 
 
 silium inire (in-eo ; for eo see 
 
 p. 132). 
 advance, progrVdior, deponent ; 
 
 progressus, progredi, p. 60. 
 affair, res (5). 
 affirm, dico (3). 
 after (prep.), post, with ace. 
 against my will, me invito (i.e. 
 
 I being unwilling). 
 aid, auxilium. 
 alarmed, perterritus. 
 alas ! heu. 
 all, omnis, omne ; by all means ! 
 
 fiat! (i.e. let it be so!) 
 alliance, societas (-tatis). 
 allow, p&tior, deponent ; passus, 
 
 ptiti, p. 60. I am allowed, 
 
 licet mihi (i.e. it is allowed me). 
 already, iam. 
 always, semper. 
 ambassador, legdtus (2). 
 
 amuse, deledo (1). 
 
 ancestors, maiores (gen.maiorum}. 
 
 anchor, ancora (1). 
 
 ancient, antlquus. 
 
 another, alter, altera, alterum. 
 
 answer : to answer, respondere, 
 respondi, responsum ; I answer 
 you, tibi respondeo. 
 
 any: any longer, diutius ; any- 
 thing (Ex. 34), quidquam. 
 
 appoint, constituo, -ui, -utus (3). 
 
 appointed, constitutus. 
 
 approach : the approach, adventus 
 (4) ; to approach, adire (ad-eo ; 
 for eo see p. 132). 
 
 army, exercUus (4). 
 
 arrival, adventus (4). 
 
 as, ut : as soon as, slmul atque ; as 
 usual, ut fit; for as much as, 
 tanti quanti (genitives of price). 
 
 ask, p&o, petim and petii, petitus, 
 petgre, I ask for help, auxilium 
 
 at : at home, domi ; at last, tan- 
 dem ; at once, statim ; at us, 
 p. 65, in nos. 
 
 attack, adorior, deponent; adortus, 
 adoriri. 
 
 aware : to be aware, sentio, sensi, 
 sensus. 
 
 away : to be away, abesse (ab-sum). 
 
 Back : to give back, reddere, 
 reddidi, reddUus. 
 
168 
 
 LATIN COUESE 
 
 backs, terga (2). 
 
 bad, malus. 
 
 baggage, impedimenta (plur.) 
 
 barbarians, barbdri (2). 
 
 barber, see Trans. XI. 
 
 bare : bareheaded, aperto capite. 
 
 battle, pugna (1). 
 
 bear: to bear, /em?, p. 126. 
 
 beautiful, pulcher, -chra, -chrum. 
 
 because, quod ; but the participle 
 
 is often enough, p. 43. 
 become, fieri, p. 131. What will 
 
 become of that boy, quid illo 
 
 puero fiet ? 
 
 before, ante, prep, with accus. 
 begin : I have begun, I began, 
 
 coepi, p. 69. 
 beginning, initium. 
 believe, credo, credidi, creditum 
 
 (3). I believe you, credo tibi. 
 belongings : all your belongings, 
 
 tua omnia. 
 
 besiege, obsideo, obsedi, obsessus. 
 best, optimus. 
 better, melior, melius. 
 big, magnus ; so big, tantus. 
 bind, vincio, vinxi, vinctus, 
 bird, avis (avis). 
 blame, culpo (1). 
 block, obsideo, obsedi, obsessus. 
 board, to put on board a ship, in 
 
 navem imponere. 
 bone, os (ossis), neut. 
 book, liber (libri). 
 both, et. 
 
 boy, puer (pueri). 
 bravery, virtus (virtutis), fern. 
 bridge, pons (pontis), masc. 
 bring, f8ro, p. 126. I bring down, 
 
 deduco, deduxi, deductus (3). 
 broad, latus. 
 brother, f rater (fratris). 
 build, aedifico (1). 
 burden, onus (oneris). 
 burn, incendo, incendi, incensus (3). 
 business, negotium. 
 but, sed. 
 buy, emo, emi, emptus (3). 
 
 by : by ?, person, a and ab with 
 the ablative ; by a thing, the 
 ablative without a or ab. 
 
 Caesar, Caesar (Caesdris). 
 
 call out, see Trans. XVIII. 
 
 camp, castra (2), plur. (because 
 literally "tents"). 
 
 can : I can, possum., p. 123 ; I can- 
 not, 11011 possum. 
 
 care, euro, (1). 
 
 carry, fero, p. 126 ; I carry on war, 
 bellum gero. 
 
 Carthage, Carthago (Carthaginis). 
 
 Carthaginians, Carthaginienses 
 (-ium), 
 
 cattle, pecus (pecfa-is). 
 
 cause, res (5). In Ex. 92 the 
 cause of Pompeius, see Ex. 91, 6. 
 
 cavalry, equitatus (4). 
 
 chance, occasio (-onis). By chance, 
 casu. 
 
 charge, impetus (4). 
 
 choose, lego, legi, lectus (3). I 
 choose rather (I prefer), malo, 
 p. 130. 
 
 Cicero, Cicero (Ciceronis). 
 
 citizen, elms (civis). 
 
 city, urbs (urbis). 
 
 cold, frigus (frigoris). 
 
 collect, colligo, collegi, collectus (3). 
 
 come, venio, veni, ventum. It 
 conies about, it happens, accidit. 
 
 complain, queror, deponent ; ques- 
 tus (3). 
 
 compose, condo, condidi, conditus 
 (3). 
 
 congratulations : I offer congratu- 
 lations, gratulor, deponent ; 
 gratulatus. I congratulate you, 
 gratulor tibi. 
 
 conquer, vinco, vlci, victus (3). 
 
 consider, puto (1) ; I am con- 
 sidered, habeor. 
 
 consul, consul (consulis). 
 
 consulship, consuldtus (4). 
 
 conversation, sermo (sermonis). 
 
 corn : to get corn, frumento (1). 
 
ENGLISH-LATIN DICTIONARY 
 
 169 
 
 cost, sumptus (4). 
 
 council, consilium. 
 
 country, as distinguished from the 
 town, rus (ruris) ; to the 
 country, rus; in the country, 
 rure. One's native country, 
 patria (1). 
 
 cross : I cross, transeo, p. 132. 
 
 Dare, audeo, the perfect ausus sum 
 is deponent, I have dared, I dared. 
 
 dart, telum. 
 
 day, dies (5) (masc. and fern, in 
 sing., masc. only in plur.) 
 Every day, cotldie ; day by day, 
 in dies ; to-day, hodie ; at day- 
 break, prima luce (at the first 
 light). 
 
 dead, mortuus. 
 
 death, mors (mortis}. 
 
 debt, aes alienum (aeris alieni}. 
 
 deceive, fallo, fefelli, falsus (3). 
 
 defeat, clades (cladis}. 
 
 delay : I delay, moror, deponent ; 
 moratus. 
 
 deliver (a speech), habeo. 
 
 deny, nego (1). 
 
 depart, abeo, p. 132. 
 
 desire, cupio. 
 
 despise, contemno, contempsi, con- 
 temptus (3). 
 
 determine, constituo, constitui, 
 constitutus (3). 
 
 devoted, deditus. 
 
 did, sign of perfect tense. 
 
 die, morior, mortuus, mori, p. 60. 
 
 difficult, difficilis, difficile (comp. 
 difficilior, sup. difficillimus). 
 
 diligence, diligentia (1). 
 
 direction: in all directions, un- 
 dique (adv.) 
 
 discover, reperio, repperi, repertus. 
 
 disgraceful, turpis, turpe. 
 
 dismiss, dimitto, dimisi, dimissus 
 
 (3). 
 
 . distressed : I am distressed at 
 this, hanc rem graviter fero. 
 
 do, ago, egi, actus (3) ; do not do 
 
 this, noli hoc facere (i.e. be un- 
 willing to do this), or ne hoc 
 feceris ; to do nothing but, see 
 Trans. XIII. 
 
 doings, res (5). The doings of the 
 town, res urbanae. 
 
 dream, somnium. 
 
 duty, officium. 
 
 Eighth, octdvus. 
 
 elder, maior (natu}. 
 
 embark, i.e. to put on board ship, 
 in navem imponere. 
 
 encourage, hortor (1), deponent. 
 
 end, finis (finis], masc. 
 
 endeavour, conor (1), deponent. 
 
 endure, fero, p. 126. 
 
 enemy, hostis (hostis). 
 
 enough, satis. 
 
 entrust, committo, commisi, corn- 
 missus (3). 
 
 escape, fugio, fugi, fugere, p. 60. 
 
 even: not even, ne . . . quidem. The 
 important and emphatic word is 
 put between ne and quidem. ' ' I 
 cannot even believe you" is, Ne 
 tibi quidem credere possum. 
 
 evening : in the evening, vespere 
 and vesperi. 
 
 every : on every side, undique ; 
 everybody, omnes (i.e. all men); 
 every day, cotldie. 
 
 evil : an evil, malum. 
 
 exercise : to exercise, exercerc ; to 
 take exercise, corpus exercere. 
 
 exhort, hortor (1), deponent. 
 
 expect, exspecto (1). 
 
 eye, oculus (2). 
 
 Fact, res (5)._ 
 
 far, adv. , longe ; farlfrom, procul a. 
 
 father, pater (patris}. ^ : - ^ 
 
 favour: to favour, favere, famf 
 
 fautum, with dative. 
 feel, sentio, sensi, sensus. 
 fellow-citizen, civis (civis}. 
 few, pauci. 
 fifth, quintus. 
 
170 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 find, reperio, repperi, repertus. 
 
 finish, conficio, confeci, confectus, 
 p. 60. 
 
 fire : a fire, ignis (ignis}, masc. ; I 
 set fire to, incendo, incendi, in- 
 census (3). 
 
 first, primus. First (the adverb), 
 primum. 
 
 five, quinque. 
 
 fix, pono, posui, positus (3). 
 
 ftee,fugio,fugi,fuge're, p. 60. 
 
 flight, fuga(l}. 
 
 flower, flos (Jioris). 
 
 follow, sequor, deponent ; 8ecutus(S). 
 
 following, proximus. 
 
 foolish, stultus. 
 
 for : for a long time, diu : for 
 many years, multis annis ; for 
 as much as, tanti quanti. 
 
 forces, copiae. 
 
 forget, obliviscor, deponent; oblitus 
 (3). I don't forget you, non tui 
 obliviscor ; I don't forget the oc- 
 currence,m(or rem}non obliviscor. 
 
 form, a plan, consilium ineo, p. 132. 
 
 found: I found, establish, condo, 
 condidi, conditus (3). 
 
 free, to set free, libejrarc. 
 
 friend, amlcus (2). 
 
 from, a and ab ; ab necessarily be- 
 fore vowels. From the spot, loco. 
 
 Gallic, Galllcus. 
 
 garden, hortus (2). 
 
 gate, porta (1). 
 
 gather, carpo, carpsi, carptus (3). 
 
 Gaul ; the country, Gallia; a Gaul, 
 Gallus. 
 
 general, imperator (imperatoris), 
 
 generally, fere. 
 
 German, Germdnus (2). 
 
 get : to get up, see Trans. XYII. ; 
 to get into, see Trans. XYIII. 
 
 girl, puella. 
 
 give, do, dedi, datus, dare; give 
 back (return), reddo, reddldi, 
 reddUus (3) ; give oneself up 
 (surrender), dedo, dedidi, deditus 
 
 (3) ; give up an idea, lay aside 
 
 a plan, consilium deponere ; to 
 
 give battle, praelium committerc. 
 go, eo, ivi or ii, itum, ire, p. 132 ; 
 
 go away, abeo; go back (return), 
 
 redeo. 
 
 gold, aurum. 
 good, bonus (comp. melior, superl. 
 
 optimus}. 
 great, magnus ; so great, tantus ; 
 
 a great many, multi. 
 ground, Iticus (2). 
 grow, fio, factus, p. 131. 
 
 Haedui, Haedui. 
 
 hand, manus (4), fern. 
 
 happen : it happens, accidit ; it 
 happened, accidit. 
 
 harbour, portus (4). 
 
 hate : I hate, odi (perf. with pre- 
 sent meaning). 
 
 head, caput (capUis). 
 
 hear, audio. 
 
 heart, animus (2). 
 
 help, auxilium ; I help, adiuvo, 
 adiuvi, adiutus, adiuvare. 
 
 hill, collis (collis), masc. 
 
 his, her (when the person meant 
 is subject of the sentence), suus ; 
 otherwise the genitive of is, ea,id. 
 
 hold, teneo ; to hold a council, 
 consilium habere ; to be held 
 (considered), haberi. 
 
 home : (to) home, domum ; at 
 home, domi. 
 
 hope, spes (5) ; I hope, spero (1). 
 
 horse, equus (2). 
 
 horseman, eques (equitis}. 
 
 hostage, obses (obsidis). 
 
 house, domus (4), fem. ; how de- 
 clined ? 
 
 how : how many ? quot ? how 
 many men ? quot homines ? for 
 how much ? quanti ? how often? 
 quam saepe, quoties ? 
 
 I, ego (mei). 
 idea, consilium. 
 
ENGLISH-LATIN DICTIONAKY 
 
 171 
 
 idle, pigcr, pigra, pigrum. 
 
 if: if I were unwilling, say, I 
 being unwilling, in abl. abs. 
 
 ignorance : I am in ignorance of, 
 nescio, nescivi and nesdi, nesci- 
 tum, nescire. 
 
 ignorant : I am ignorant (that), 
 nescio (see above). 
 
 immediately, statim. 
 
 impede, impedio (4). 
 
 in, in with abl.; but the ablative 
 alone to express time, e.g. in win- 
 ter, hieme ; in vain,/rasra(adv.) 
 
 incite, inclto (1). 
 
 inform : to inform some one, all- 
 quern certiorem facer e. 
 
 inn : see Trans. XYIII. 
 
 inquire, quaero, quaesivi, quaesi- 
 tum (3). I inquire of somebody, 
 quaero ex aliquo. 
 
 inquiry : to make the same in- 
 quiry, idem quaererc. 
 
 into, in, with accus. 
 
 invention, see Trans. XXI. 46. 
 
 Judge, index (iudicis). 
 judgment : in my judgment, say, 
 
 I being judge, in abl. abs. 
 justice, iustitia (1). 
 
 Keep, servo (1). 
 
 kind, genus (generis). Of such a 
 
 kind, eiusmodi. 
 king, rex (regis). 
 kingdom, regnum. 
 know, sciOy scivi and scii, scitum ; 
 or novi, a perfect with present 
 meaning ; or cognosco, cognovi, 
 cognltus (3). To know Latin, 
 Latine scire; to know Balbus, 
 JSalbum novisse ; to know the 
 way, viam novisse; these things 
 being known, his rebus cognitis.* 
 I do not know, nescio. It is 
 well known, constat. 
 * Novisse then is to know one thing 
 or person from another by distinguish- 
 ing marks ; scire, to know something .by 
 learning the subject ; cognoscere, to get 
 information about something. 
 
 Labour, labor (laboris}. 
 
 land, terra (1) ; lands or territory, 
 
 agri (plur. of ager). 
 landlord, see Trans. XVIII. 
 large, magnus (maior, maximus). 
 last : at last tandem. 
 Latin: I know Latin, Latine scio ; 
 
 I turn into Latin, Latine reddo. 
 launch, solvo, solvi, solutus (3). 
 lay waste, vasto (1). 
 lazy, piger, pigra, pigrum. 
 lead : duco, duxi, ductus (3) ; to 
 
 lead a life, vitam agere (ago, egi 
 
 actus, 3). 
 
 leader, dux (duds). 
 learn : having learnt these facts, 
 
 his rebus cognitis. 
 
 learned, doctus (i.e. taught, in- 
 structed). t . - 
 
 legion, legio ( legionis) . ^JL^X^ 
 lest, ne, with subjunctive follow- 
 
 ing, p. 63. 
 letter, epistula (1). 
 life, vita (1). 
 lifetime : in my lifetime, say, I 
 
 being alive, in abl. abs., me vivo. 
 lift, tollo, sustuli, sublatus (3). 
 like, similis, e, with gen. or dat. 
 listen, audio. 
 
 little : a little (adv. ), paullo. 
 live, vivo, vixi, victus (3). 
 load, onus (onZris). 
 London, Londinium. 
 long, longus. For long, for a long 
 
 time (or while), diu, adv. (comp. 
 
 diutius) 
 
 Maintain : I maintain my opinion, 
 maneo in eadem sententia. 
 
 make, facio, fed, factus, facere, 
 p. 60. I make a request, 
 peto ; I make the same request, 
 idem peto ; I make war, bellum 
 gero 
 
 man : homo (homlnis), vir (viri). 
 But "man" may often be left 
 out, the use of the masculine 
 gender being enough ; * ' many 
 
172 
 
 LATIN COUESE 
 
 men" can be translated by 
 
 multi. A young man, iuvenis ; 
 
 an old man, senex (senis). 
 manners, mores (morum], plural 
 
 of mos. 
 many, multi ; a great many boys, 
 
 multi pueri ; so many, tot ; how 
 
 many ? quot ? 
 master: i.e. owner, dominus (2) ; 
 
 a teacher, magister (magistri), 
 
 or pr acceptor (praeceptoris). 
 matter, res (5). 
 may : I may, i.e. I am allowed, 
 
 leave is given me, licet mihi. 
 means : by all means, fiat, see Ex. 
 
 25, 3. 
 
 meanwhile, inter ea. 
 mend, reficio, refeci, refect us, re- 
 
 ficere, p. 60. 
 message, nunbius (2). 
 messenger, nuntius (2). 
 midnight : at midnight, media 
 
 nocte. 
 mile, mille passus (4) ; miles, 
 
 milia passuum. 
 miserable, miser, misera, miserum. 
 
 Miserable man that I am, me 
 
 miserum ! 
 money, pecunia (1) ; sum of money, 
 
 pecunia. 
 
 morrow : to-morrow, mane, inde- 
 clinable. 
 
 mother, mater (matris}. 
 mountain, mons (montis), masc. 
 move, mftveo, movi, motus. 
 much : for how much ? quanti ? for 
 
 as much as, tanti quanti. 
 murder, see Trans. XVIII. p. 66. 
 my, meus. 
 
 Name, nomen (nominis}. 
 Naples, Neapolis (Neapolis). 
 near : as near as he could, see 
 
 Ex. 21, 3 ; nearer, propius. 
 necessity, see Trans. XXI. 46. 
 neither, neque. 
 never, nunquam. 
 next, proximus. 
 
 night, nox (noctis) ; at midnight, 
 
 ninth, nonus. 
 
 no one, nemo (nemmis). 
 
 nobody, nemo (neminis). 
 
 nor, nee. 
 
 not even, ne. . . quidem, see ' ' even. ' ' 
 
 nothing, nihil (neut. indeclinable). 
 
 notice, sentio, sensi, sensus. 
 
 now, nunc. 
 
 number, numerus (2). 
 
 Offer : I offer congratulations, 
 gratulor (1), deponent with 
 dative ; to offer the enemy 
 battle, hostibus pugnandi potes- 
 tatem facere. 
 
 often, saepe ; how often, quoties. 
 
 old man, senex (senis). 
 
 on, in with accus. when motion is 
 implied, with abl. when it is not ; 
 on the proper day, ad diem ; on 
 this matter, de hac re. 
 
 once, i.e. once upon a time, 
 aliquando ; at once, statim. 
 
 one, unus (gen. unius}. 
 
 only, solum. 
 
 open : to open, aperio, aperui, 
 
 opinion, sententia (1). 
 opportunity, occasio (occasionis}. 
 orator, orator (oratoris}. 
 order : I order, iubeo, iussi, iussus. 
 
 In order that, ut with subj. 
 others, alii; but the others, ceteri. 
 ought, debeo (2), and oportet (I 
 
 ought to go, oportet me ire}. 
 owe, debeo. 
 own : my own book, meus ipsius 
 
 liber. 
 
 Pain, dolor (doloris}. 
 
 Paris, Lutetia (1). 
 
 part, locus (2). 
 
 pass the winter, hi&mo (1 ). 
 
 passage (in a book), Ifcus (2). 
 
 patiently, patienter. 
 
 pay, solvo, solvi, solutus (3). 
 
ENGLISH-LATIN DICTIONARY 
 
 173 
 
 peace, pax (pads}. 
 
 people : many people, multi or 
 
 multi homines; the people, 
 
 pSp&lus (2). 
 peril, periculum. 
 permission : to give permission to 
 
 do something to somebody, 
 
 alicui aliquid faciendi potesta- 
 
 temfacere. 
 permit, patior, deponent ; passus, 
 
 pati, p. 60. 
 
 person, homo (homtnis). 
 pick, carpo, carpsi, carptus (3). 
 pitch : to pitch a camp, castra 
 
 ponere. 
 
 plain, campus (2). 
 plan, consilium. 
 play, see Trans. XII. scene ii. 
 poem, poema (poematis}. 
 poet, poeta (1). 
 poor, pauper (pauperis). 
 possession : to take possession, 
 
 occupare. 
 post, colltico (1). 
 practise, exerceo. 
 praise, lando (1). 
 prefer : he prefers good things to 
 
 bad, lonamalisanteponit(i.e. he 
 
 puts good things before bad) ; 
 
 he prefers-to go at once, mavult 
 
 (from malo, p. 130) statim ire. 
 presence : in iny presence, me 
 
 praesente (from praesens], i.e. I 
 
 being present. 
 pretend, simulo (1). 
 previous, superior (superior is). 
 prison, career (car&ris), masc. 
 prisoner, captlvus (2). 
 promise, promitto, promisi, pro- 
 
 missum (3). He promises to 
 
 do something, promittit se ali- 
 quid facturum esse. 
 proper : on the proper day, ad diem. 
 property : my property, mea or 
 
 res meae. 
 
 punish, punio (4). 
 purpose : for the purpose of, causa, 
 
 with gerund or gerundive. 
 
 put, pono, posui, positus ; to put 
 on board ship, in naves imponere; 
 to put to death, interjicere (intcr- 
 faio, interfeci) interfedus). 
 
 Quantity, numZrus (2). 
 queen, regina (1). 
 quickly, celeriter. 
 
 Rain : it rains, pluit. 
 
 raise, tollo, sustuli, sublatus (3). 
 
 rally, se colligere (colligo, collegi, 
 
 collectus, 3). 
 
 rampart, agger (aggeris). 
 rank, ordo (ordmis), masc. 
 rather: I would rather (i.e. I 
 
 prefer), malo, p. 130. I would 
 
 rather not, nolo, p. 129. 
 reach (the land), capio, cepi, cap- 
 
 tus, capgre, p, 124. 
 read, lego, legi, lectus (3). 
 ready, pardtus. 
 rear : in the rear, a tergo. 
 reason causa (1). 
 receive, accipio, accepi, acceptus, 
 
 accipere, p. 60. 
 
 recognise, see Trans. XIX. p. 73. 
 refit, reficio, refeci, refedus, re- 
 
 fictre, p. 60. 
 
 remain, maneo, mansi, mansum. 
 remember, memorid tenere (i.e. to 
 
 hold in the memory) ; memini, 
 
 perfect with present meaning, 
 
 p. 70. 
 
 remove, tollo, sustuli, sublatus (3). 
 repair, reficio, refeci, refectus, re- 
 
 fictre, p. 60. 
 request : I make the same request, 
 
 idem peto. 
 resignation, aequo animo (i.e. with 
 
 an even mind). 
 resolution, consilium. 
 resolve : a resolve, consilium ; to 
 
 resolve, constitute. 
 rest : i.e. quiet, quies (quietis, 
 
 fern.) ; the rest, cet&ri. 
 restore (i.e. to give back), reddo, 
 
 reddidi, reddUum (3). 
 
174 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 retain, teneo, tenui, tentus. 
 return : I go back, redeo, redivi 
 
 and redii, reditum, p. 132 ; I give 
 
 back, reddo, reddidi,redditus (3). 
 reward, praemium. 
 rich, dives, divttis ; comp. ditior, 
 
 superl. ditissimus. 
 riches, divitiae. 
 river, flumen (fiuminis). 
 road, via. 
 Roman, Romanus. 
 Rome, Roma. 
 rose, see Trans. XXI. 13. 
 round : to stand around, circum- 
 
 stare. 
 
 Toni,fuga (1), see Ex. 85, 14. 
 route, iter (itineris, neut.) 
 ruin, perdo, perdidi, perdUum (3). 
 run, curro, cucurri, cursum (3). 
 
 Safety, solus (salutis, fern.) 
 
 sailing, gerund of navlgo (1). 
 
 sailor, nauta (1). 
 
 sake : for the sake, causa. 
 
 same, idem, eadem, idem. 
 
 say, dico, dixi, dictus (3). 
 
 sea, mare (maris). 
 
 see, video, vidi, visus. 
 
 &ee'k,peto,petivisLiid.petii,petUus(3). 
 
 seem, videor, visus. 
 
 seize, occupo (1). 
 
 self : himself, herself, themselves, 
 etc. , se ; if the person meant is 
 #lso subject of the sentence ; if 
 Hot, ipse. 
 
 sell, vendo, vendidi, vendUus (3). 
 
 send, mitto, misi, missus (3). 
 
 serious, grdvis, grave. 
 
 set : I set out, proficiscor (3), de- 
 ponent, profectus ; I set fire to, 
 incendo, incendi, incensus (3) ; 
 I set free, libero (1) ; I set sail, 
 navem solvo (solvi, solutus, 3). 
 
 settle, constituo, constitui, consti- 
 tutus (3). 
 
 severe, grams, grave ; severe trials, 
 i.e. severe things. 
 
 shave, see Trans. XL 
 
 ship, ndvis (navis] ; a ship of war, 
 
 navis longa. 
 shocking, foedus. 
 shore, litus (litSris). 
 short, br%vis, breve. 
 should : if it means "ought " use 
 
 the gerundive. 
 shout, clamor (clamoris). 
 show, doceo, docui, doctus. 
 shrine, fanum. 
 
 shut, claudo, clausi, clausus (3). 
 side : on every side, undlque ; to 
 
 stand on Caesar's side, cum 
 
 Gaesare stare. 
 silent : I am silent, taceo. 
 sister, soror (sororis). 
 slave, servus (2). 
 slay, interficio, -fed, -fectus, -ficere, 
 
 p. 60. 
 
 sleep, dormio (4). 
 small, parvus. 
 so, ita ; so quickly, tain celeriter ; 
 
 so great, tantus ; so many, tot. 
 soldier, miles (milUis). 
 some, alii ; but "some books," for 
 
 instance, as in Ex. 90&, is merely 
 
 libri. 
 
 son, filius (2). 
 
 soon, mox; as soon B,s,simul atque. 
 spare, parco, peperci, parsum (3), 
 
 with dat. 
 
 speak, loquor( 3), deponent, locutus. 
 speech, oratio (oratidnis}. 
 spot, Ucus (2). 
 spring, ver (veris), neut. 
 stand, sto, steti, statum (1) ; to 
 
 stand around, circumstare. 
 start, proficiscor (%}, deponent, pro- 
 fectus ; to start the rout, initium 
 
 fugae facere. 
 state, civitas (civitdtis}. 
 stay, maneo, mansi, mansum. 
 stone, lapis (lapidis), masc. 
 strategy, consilium. 
 stupid, stultus. 
 such, talis, tale; or "of such a 
 
 kind," eiusmodi ; such great, 
 
 tantus. 
 
ENGLISH-LATIN DICTIONARY 
 
 175 
 
 suffer, patior, dep. passus, pati, 
 
 see p. 60. 
 
 suffering, dolor (doloris}. 
 sufficiently, satis. 
 suitable, idoneus. 
 sum : a sum of money, pecunia 
 
 (1). 
 superior: to be superior, praestare, 
 
 praestUi, praestitum. 
 support, ferOy tuli, latum, p. 126. 
 surely, the num will give this. 
 surpass, praestare^ praestUi, prae- 
 
 stUum ; to surpass the rest, 
 
 ceteris praestare. 
 surrender : to surrender, se dedere 
 
 (dedidi, deditus, 3), i.e. to give 
 
 oneself up. 
 
 surround, circumdo, -dedi. 
 sweet, dulcis, dulce. 
 sword, ensis (ensis), masc. 
 
 Table, mensa (1). 
 
 'take, capio, cepi, captus, capere, 
 p. 124 ; to take possession of, 
 occupo (1) ; to take exercise, cor- 
 pus exercere. 
 
 talk, sermo (sermonis) ; I talk, 
 loquor (3), deponent, locutus. 
 
 task, opus (operis). 
 
 tax, vectlgal (vectigdlis). 
 
 teach, doceo, docui, doctus. 
 
 tear, lacrima (1). 
 
 tell : i.e. I give somebody some 
 information, dico, dixi, dictus 
 (3) ; to tell, meaning to order or 
 command, iubeo, iussi, iussus. 
 
 temple, templum. 
 
 tenth, decimus. 
 
 territory, agri, m fines. 
 
 than, quam. 
 
 thanks, gratiae. 
 
 that: if "that" is a pronoun 
 (e.g. that man) it is translated 
 by ille. If "that" means "in 
 order that," ut with the sub- 
 junctive is used; but "that 
 not" in this sense is ne. "So 
 that " is also ut ; "so that not, " 
 
 ut non. After verbs of saying, 
 believing, hoping, etc. , ' ' that ' 
 is not translated, but the accusa- 
 tive with infinitive used. 
 
 their, suus, if the people meant 
 are the subject of the sentence, 
 if not use gen. of is. So sorores 
 amiserunt suos annulos would 
 mean that the sisters have lost 
 their own rings, while if earum 
 was put instead of suos it would 
 mean that the sisters had lost 
 some other girls' rings. 
 
 then, turn. 
 
 there, ibi. 
 
 thing, res (5). 
 
 think, puto (1 ) ; credo, credidi, 
 credUum (3). 
 
 third, tertius. 
 
 this, is; but if "this" is con- 
 trasted with "that," Me. 
 
 thorn, see Trans. XXI. 13. 
 
 thought, mens (mentis}; see also 
 Trans. I. 
 
 three, tres, tria. 
 
 throw, iacio, ieci, iactus, iacere, p. 
 60. 
 
 time, tempus ; in time, tempore ; 
 for a long time, diu. 
 
 tired, fessus. 
 
 to : to a place (other than a name 
 of a town), ad with ace. 
 
 to-day, hodie. 
 
 to-morrow, eras. 
 
 top : use summits ; at the top of 
 the oak, summa quercu (i.e. 
 where the oak is highest). 
 
 town, oppidum ; urbs (urbis) ; the 
 doings of the town, i.e. town 
 affairs, res urbanae. 
 
 traveller, viator (viatoris). 
 
 tree, arbor (arbftris], fern. 
 
 tribe, gens (gentis}. 
 
 tribune, tribunus. 
 
 Troy, Troia (1). 
 
 true, verus. 
 
 truth, verum. 
 
 try, conor (1), deponent. 
 
176 
 
 LATIN COURSE 
 
 turn : verto, verti, versus (3) ; they 
 turn, se vertunt ; to turn into 
 Latin, Latine reddere. 
 
 twelve, duodecim. 
 
 twenty, viginti, indeclinable. 
 
 two, duo. 
 
 two hundred, ducenti, -ae, -a. 
 
 Uncover, aperio t aperui, apertus (4). 
 under : under your leadership, 
 
 sa Y) y u being leader, in abl. 
 
 abs. 
 undergo, patior, dep. passtis, pati, 
 
 see p. 60. 
 understand, intellego, intellexi, 
 
 intellectus (3). 
 unfit, non idoneus. 
 unite : to unite with somebody, 
 
 se coniungere cum aliquo. 
 unwilling, invitus ; to be unwill- 
 ing, ?io/o, p. 129. 
 unwillingly : use the adj. I did 
 
 it unwillingly, invitus fed. 
 use, utor (3), deponent, usus, with 
 
 the abl. 
 
 useful, utUis, utile. 
 useless, inutUis. 
 usual : as usual, ut Jit (i.e. as 
 
 happens), or ut fere Jit. 
 
 Vain ; in vain, fricstra. 
 
 vainly, frustra. 
 
 verse, versus (4). 
 
 very well, optime. 
 
 Virgil, Vergllius. 
 
 virtue, virtus (virtutis), fern. 
 
 virtuously, honeste. 
 
 e, gero, gessi, gestus (3). 
 waggon, see Trans. XVII. 
 wait, exspecto (1). 
 want : i.e. to wish, volo, p. 128; 
 
 not to want, nolo. 
 war, bellum ; a ship of war, navis 
 
 longcv. 
 
 warn, moneo (2). 
 waste, perdo, perdidi, perdttum 
 
 (3) ; to lay waste, vasto (1). 
 
 water, aqua (1). 
 
 way, via (1). 
 
 weather, tempestas (tcmpestdtis}. 
 
 weigh : to weigh anchor, ancoram 
 
 tollere. 
 well : to be well, valere ; it is well 
 
 known, constat. 
 what ? quid ? 
 when ? ubi ? 
 where ? ubi ? 
 which ? quis ? which (of two) ? 
 
 liter ? 
 
 while : a long while, diu. 
 who, qui, quae, quod ; who ? quis ? 
 whole, totus (totlus}. 
 why ? cur ? 
 
 willing, volens (volentis). 
 wind, ventus (2). 
 window, fenestra (1). 
 wine, vinum. 
 winter, hiems (Tiiemis] ; to pass 
 
 the winter, hiemare. 
 wisdom, sapientia (1). 
 wise, sapiens (sapientis). 
 wish, w>Zo, p. 128. 
 with : when it means " along 
 
 with," cum with abl. 
 without, sine with abl. ; but it 
 
 can often be translated by non 
 
 and the abl. abs. 
 wood, silva (1). 
 word, verbum. 
 work, opus (operis). 
 world, orbis (orbis), masc. 
 worse, peior (peioris). 
 wound, vulnus (vulneris) ; to 
 
 wound, vuln%rare. 
 write, scribo, scripsi, scriptus (3). 
 
 Year, annus (2). 
 
 yesterday, heri. 
 
 you, tu. 
 
 young man, iuvZnis (iuvenis) ; 
 
 young child, infans (infantis); 
 
 younger, minor (natu}. 
 your, tuus, vester. 
 yourself: you did it by yourself, 
 
 ipsefecisti. 
 
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