BANCROFT 
 LIBRARY 
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
UBRARY 
 
 ODD FELLOWS HOME. 
 SARATOGA 
 
 I 
 

 PICTORIAL REFLEX 
 
 OF SALT LAKE CITY 
 AND VICINITY 
 
 With condensed epitome of 
 Utah's People, Resources, 
 Climate and other infor- 
 mation useful to visitors 
 and residents. 
 
 PUBLISHED AND COPYRIGHTED 
 BY C. E. SAVAGE, AKT BAZAB, 
 SALT LAKE CITY. THIRTEENTH 
 EDITION, ENLARGED, IMPROVED 
 NINETEEN HUNDRED AXD ONE 
 
F 9- 
 
 <=> 3 
 l O I 
 
 ENGRAVED AND PRINTED BY 
 
 THE WILLIAMSON-HAFFNER ENGRAVING CO. 
 
 DENVER, COLO. 
 
foo V- 
 
 BANCROFT 
 LIBRARY 
 
 INTRODUCTORY. 
 
 Utah, now the " Bee Hive" state of the Rocky Mountain region, has always 
 commanded an unusual share of public attention, formerly from the fact that her 
 people were regarded as horned curiosities, and more recently on account of. her 
 scenic attractions, climate, and inexhaustible resources. 
 
 The Reflex aims to truthfully portray, by original photographs and accurate 
 descriptions from strictly reliable sources, some of the most attractive features of 
 interest to the general public, and as such is respectfully submitted by 
 
 THE PUBLISHER. 
 
TO OUR PATRONS. 
 
 This edition, like all its predecessors, is in keeping not only with the progress of 
 Salt Lake City and the State, but pictorially it is up to the latest developements of 
 art. Many additional illustrations are given, the subject matter has been revised 
 and brought to date, and the typographical finish is worthy of the whole as a reliable 
 "Reflex" of this lovely City and enterprising Utah. 
 
 The Reflex is indeed a silent missionary of truth and right ; in past editions it 
 has found its way through tourists and representative citizens into "every nation 
 under the sun," for it has been and is the harbinger of peace and good will to all 
 men, representing as it does, without hypocricy or deceit, the proud record of a 
 cnce-smitten people as manifested in and by their works. 
 
 To a discriminating and intelligent people this new edition is respectfully 
 
 submitted, by its Publisher, 
 
 C. R. SAVAGE. 
 
SALT LAKE CITY, FROM TH3 NORTH-EAST. 
 
THE WASATCH RANGE, FROM ANDERSON'S TOWER. 
 
THE TEMPLE, FROM THE SOUTH-EAST. 
 
THE TABERNACLE, FROM THE SOUTH. 
 
INTERIOR OF THE TABERNACLE, FROM EAST END. 
 
CITY AND COUNTY BUILDING. 
 
 G 
 
HEADQUARTERS OF THE PRESIDENT. 
 BEEHIVE HOUSE. 
 
 STATUE OF BR1GHAM YOUNG. 
 
 GRAVE OF BRIGHAM YOUNG. 
 LION HOUSE. 
 
NEW EAGLE GATE. 
 GARDO HOUSE. 
 
 ANGEL MORONI, ON TOP OF TEMPLE. 
 TITHING HOUSE. 
 
 OLD EAGLE GATE. 
 SALT LAKE THEATER. 
 
\\1\Yk\\WYW 
 
 \\\\ \\w 
 
 BKKiHAM YOUNG'S SCHOOL HOUSE. 
 KENVON HOTEL. 
 
 SECTION OF TABERNACLE ROOF. 
 
 OLDEST HOUSE IN THE CITY. ERECTED 1847. 
 KNUTSFORD HOTEL. 
 
STREET SCENES IN SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 10 
 
LOOKING SOUTH FROM HEADQUARTERS. 
 OFFICERS' RESIDENCES. 
 
 BAND STAND. 
 
 PARADE GROUND AND COMPANY QUARTERS 
 LOOKING SOUTH FROM BAND STAND. 
 
 VIEWS AT FORT DOUGLAS. 
 
 COMPANY QUARTERS. 
 OFFICER'S RESIDENCE. 
 
ALL HALLOWS COLLEGE (CATHOLIC). 
 ENGINEERS' BUILDING, STATE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH. 
 
 LATTER DAY SAINTS BUSINESS COLLEGE. 
 
 ROWLAND HALL SEMINARY (EPISCOPALIAN) 
 
 GORDON ACADEMY (JOINT PATRONAGE). 
 
 EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 
 12 
 
 NORMAL SCHOOL, STATE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH. 
 
 LIBRARY BUILDING. STATE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH. 
 
ASSEMBLY HALL. 
 ST. MARK'S HOSPITAL. 
 
 SALT PALACE. 
 ALTA CLUB. 
 
 ST. ANN'S ORPHANAGE. 
 ST. MARY'S HOSPITAL. 
 
 13 
 
WAbATCH MOUNTAINS. FROM LIBERTY PARK. 
 PICNIC PARTY IN LIBERTY PARK. 
 
 PHARAOH'S GLEN. PARLEY'S CANON. 
 SCENE AT THE LAGOON. 
 
 PLEASURE RESORTS NEAR BY. 
 14 
 
 BLACK BASS FISHING. LAGOON 
 CALDER'S PARK. 
 
CULMER BLOCK. 
 BOARU OF TRADE. 
 TEMPLETON BLOCK. 
 
 CULLEN HOTEL. 
 COMMERCIAL BLOCK. 
 
 DOOI.Y BLOCK. 
 
 HOOPER BLOCK. 
 
 MCCORMICK BLOCK. 
 
 15 
 
BATHING AT SALT AIR. 
 INTERIOR DANCING PAVILION. 
 
 SALT AIR. 
 
 SALT AIR BEACH AND PAVILION. 
 76 
 
 SOUTH-EAST FRONT. 
 NORTH-WEST FRONT. 
 

 BRIGHAM YOUNG. 
 W1LFORU WOODRUFF. 
 
 JOSEPH SMITH. 
 
 PRESIDENTS OF THE MORMON CHURCH. 
 
 17 
 
 JOHN TAYLOR. 
 LORENZO SNOW. 
 
amntfoxas 
 
 JOHN R. WINDER. 
 BORN DECEMBER 21. i 
 
 JOSEPH F. SMITH. 
 BORN NOVEMBER 13, 1838. 
 
 AXTHON H. LUND. 
 BORN MAY 15, 1844 
 
 FIRST PRESIDENCY OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER DAY SAINTS, OCTOSZR, 
 
 18 
 
FIRST BAPTIST. 
 
 FIRST PRESBYTERIAN. 
 
 FIRST CONGREGATIONAL. 
 
 ST. MARK'S CATHEDRAL (EPISCOPAL). 
 
 CHRISTIAN SCIENCE. 
 ST. PAUL'S (EPISCOPAL). 
 
 DENOMINATIONAL CHURCHES OF SALT LAKE CITY 
 19 
 
 SWEDISH LUTHERAN. 
 JEWISH SYNAGOGUE. 
 FIRST METHODIST. 
 
FRANLIN. 
 EMERSON. 
 JACKSON. 
 
 RIVERSIDE. WASHINGTON. 
 
 LINCOLN. ELEVENTH DISTRICT. 
 
 HAMILTON. OQUIRRH. 
 
 PUBLIC OR DISTRICT SCHOOLS. 
 20 
 
 LOWELL. 
 
 FOURTEENTH DISTRICT. 
 WASATCH. 
 
TYPES OF INDIANS. 
 
 21 
 
BIRDS-EVE VIEW OF SALT LAKE CITY AND SURROUNDINGS. 
 
 22 
 
DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 In this Pictorial Reflex of Salt Lake City and Vicinity 
 
 (Page i.) VIEW OF THE CITY FROM NORTH-EAST. 
 
 This startling panoramic scene includes a large share of 
 the City, particularly its central part, the Temple and other 
 buildings standing out in prominence, while the western 
 boundaries seem to touch the beautiful Oquirrh range of 
 mountains; and in the northwestern distance, the far-famed 
 Salt Lake with its lovely islands and the far off horizon, 
 make a picture as unique as it is beautiful, and as inspiring 
 as its realities are found to be by experienced tourists from 
 afar. 
 
 (Page 2.) THE WASATCH RANGE, FROM ANDER- 
 SON'S TOWER. 
 
 The sky outlines of this range are as potent in attraction 
 as are the slopes thereof; the peaks are nearly twelve 
 thousand feet above sea level, the hoary clefts or canons are 
 of surpassing grandeur. And as the transient visitor or lover 
 of nature (gazing through a rarer atmosphere than his own) 
 thinks that in a few brief steps he could explore, climb, those 
 glorious steeps, he would find that time and toil alike would 
 be the price and penalty of curiosity or desire. The inter- 
 vening land between the city and the base of the mountains 
 is dotted with homes and cultivated fields ; in fact, there are 
 but few spots unoccupied now in the eastern half of the 
 Valley. The streams known as Emigration, Parley's, Mill, 
 Big and Little Cottonwood Creeks pour down their crystal 
 waters in great abundance, to fructify and cover with herb- 
 age that once desolate soil which the industry of man has 
 interlaced with tiny canals, making a very net-work of irri- 
 gation ditches which traverse the entire surface of available 
 
 land, the result in many instances being wonderful both 
 as to the quantity and quality of crops and fruits produced. 
 
 Fort Douglas and the State Penitentiary are both within 
 the range of sight on this Eastern slope. 
 
 (Page 3.) TEMPLE, FROM THE TEMPLETON BUILD- 
 ING. 
 
 The Salt Lake Temple is by far the most expensive and 
 pretentious building ever erected by the "Mormons." Its 
 completion involved forty years of labor and sacrifice. The 
 corner stones of the building were laid by Brigham Young, 
 April 6, 1853. The edifice stands upon what is known as the 
 east side of the Temple Block, upon the identical spot desig- 
 nated by President Young on the day that the Pioneers ar- 
 rived in the Valley of the Great Salt Lake, July 24, 1847. 
 
 The Temple was dedicated April 6, 1893, by President 
 Woodruff. Services were continued for over three weeks 
 in order that some 75,000 persons from all parts of Utah, 
 Idaho, Canada, Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, and the "islands 
 of the seas" might attend the ceremonial. By the courtesy 
 of President Woodruff, the general public was admitted to 
 view the interior the day preceding the dedicatory services. 
 
 The building itself is 186 feet long by 99 feet in width. 
 The foundation is 10 feet thick, and the same below the sur- 
 face, but the walls were drawn in from story to story until 
 they only measured 5 f fiet at tne square, 100 feet above the 
 basement. 
 
 All the outer walls and towers are of granite, quarried 
 some twenty miles from the city. Most of this material came 
 in later years by rail, but at first ox-teams afforded the 
 only method of transportation, involving enormous cost. 
 
26 
 
 PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 Its architecture is symbolic throughout, and consequently 
 unique. Three towers adorn each end, the center- ones being 
 the highest, and the eastern three being higher than 
 the western. The east center one, 220 feet high, is sur- 
 mounted by the majestic figure of the Angel "Moroni," ii l /2 
 feet in height, made of hammered copper, gilded. 
 
 Some of the rooms are of astonishing grandeur and 
 beauty, others less ornate are yet characteristically chaste 
 and attractive. Hot water is used for heating, and electric 
 lights for illumination both inside and out. Sanitary appli- 
 ances are perfect, and two elevators are ready for use as cir- 
 cumstances may require. 
 
 Varied estimates have been made as to the cost of this 
 grand edifice. Probably from three to four million 
 dollars were expended upon it. Much of this was, however, 
 as is known, in kind, and part in labor, although prior to 
 its completion considerable cash was donated for its interior 
 appointments. The whole was essentially voluntary, and the 
 building being erected more for ordinances than for general 
 worship, it will, of course, be understood that none but mem- 
 bers of the Church in good standing are permitted to enter it. 
 
 The surrounding grounds (10 acres), artistically orna- 
 mented with lawns, flowers, shrubs, and trees, are open daily. 
 In the same inclosure is the famous Tabernacle with its mag- 
 nificent organ, and the Assembly Hall used for the meetings 
 of the Stake authorities and their auxiliary Quorums of the 
 acting Priesthood. 
 
 (Page 4.) EXTERIOR OF THE TABERNACLE FROM 
 THE SOUTH. 
 
 The genius of this wonderful people for great gatherings, 
 such as their annual and semi-annual Conferences, and the 
 habit of bringing together for Sabbath services, members of 
 the faith from the twenty-five (originally 20) wards of Salt 
 Lake City, doubtless led to the conception and erection of 
 this vast auditorium (150x250 and 80 feet high), it being at 
 the time the largest house for religious worship in the world, 
 where hearing is an indispensable. 
 
 The first stone of this building was laid April 5th, 1865, 
 and it was completed and dedicated October 6th, 1867. Some 
 monster concerts have been given within its walls: Patti, 
 Juch, and other noted singers have sung there, while the 
 greatest of musical conductors, such as the late far-famed 
 P. S. Gilmore, Theo. Thomas, and John Philip Sousa have 
 
 led therein their associates to increased appreciation and 
 renown. The cost of the building was about $300,000. 
 
 (Page 5.) INTERIOR OF THE TABERNACLE FROM 
 EAST END. 
 
 This view of the huge interior is taken from the east end 
 of the surrounding gallery, and gives a good idea as to its 
 use and convenience for large congregations. For many 
 years the semi-annual Conferences assembled in a huge bow- 
 ery erected on the same block, but this not being suitable 
 for wet weather, President Brigham Young determined on 
 an effort to accommodate the immense number who are con- 
 vened on such occasions. It is almost needless to say that 
 this building was only ample for a little while, though its 
 seating capacity is about 7,000 (yet a greater number has 
 been packed into it) and now overflow meetings are indis- 
 pensable en special occasions. 
 
 The construction of this building is unique, in that it 
 is without a pillar support. The latticed truss work of the roof 
 is ten feet from ceiling to shingles, and its mammoth arches 
 rest upon forty- four stone piers, giving the semi-oval appear- 
 ance which it presents. Between the sand-stone piers, there 
 are twenty double doors, each nine feet wide, and all open- 
 ing outward. With these and the capacious stairways from 
 the gallery, it is said that the largest congregation can find 
 egress in less than five minutes. 
 
 The facilities for ventilation come from two large win- 
 dows in the roof, and from glazed sash between the piers and 
 above the dops, which insure both light and circulation. For 
 evening services, concerts, and entertainments, electricity is 
 used for lighting, and in cold weather its great spaces are 
 made warm and comfortable by steam. 
 
 The Great Organ is a remarkable feature of this world- 
 famed building. Its dimensions are 30x33 feet and it is 
 48 feet high. Its bellows are inflated by air from four large 
 water motors, and its compass comprises 67 stops and 2648 
 pipes. The seats as seen in proximity thereto accommodate 
 an unpaid choir of 400, but for great choruses this is fre- 
 quently enlarged to 600. 
 
 The choir is under the direction of Prof. Evan Stephens, 
 whose ability as a leader has been tested musically in all di- 
 rections, while his labor and studious efforts have for many 
 years been unremittingly seconded by the equally accom- 
 plished late organist, Prof. Joseph J. Daynes. This grand 
 
I J ICTO RIAL REFLEX OP SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 27 
 
 body of singers had the distinguished honor of securing 
 second prize in the Grand International Chorus Contest at 
 the Columbian World's Exhibition, for which they had less 
 than three months' notice. 
 
 The main work for this combination is for the Sabbath 
 services, where the singing is congregational, or solely by the 
 Choir as may seem desirable. It may be noted, too, that 
 many of the musical exercises, consisting of solos, hymns, 
 and anthems, are original, or composed by prominent musi- 
 cians and poets of the Church. The instrument itself was 
 originally of Utah creation, and its original construction, 
 thirty-five years ago, was superintended by Mr. Joseph Ridges, 
 and afterwards many valuable improvements were made by 
 Messrs. Johnson and Taylor. Quite recently the Kimball 
 Organ Company of Boston has enlarged the power, capacity, 
 and range of what was long recognized a wonderful instru- 
 ment. Now, however, it is second to none in the instrumental 
 world. Free recitals are given Wednesdays, and Saturdays at 
 5 :3O p. m., when from one to two thousand persons 
 enjoy gratuitously such selections as display the marvelous 
 compass of the grand instrument, from the softest tones to 
 its surprising vox humana, and from that to its mighty thun- 
 ders in the grand "Hallelujah" chorus, and the most elaborate 
 productions of the grandest musical kings. 
 
 The organ is now in the charge of Prof. James McClel- 
 lan (a Utahan), whose natural genius has been cultivated in 
 the best musical schools of the United States and Germany; 
 for the privilege of listening to these grand recitals, visiting 
 thousands are weekly and freely admitted by the thoughtful 
 kindness of President Lorenzo Snow, under whose direction 
 the late improvements were consumated, at a cost of over 
 twelve thousand dollars. 
 
 At the general Sabbath services the four rows of seats 
 below the choir are occupied by dignitaries and officials hold- 
 ing different grades of Priesthood in the Chutch. The upper 
 one is reserved for the First Presidency, the second for the 
 Twelve Apostles, the third for the Presidency of the Stake, 
 his counselors, expected speakers and others, while the fourth 
 and lowest is reserved for the lesser or Aaronic Priesthood, 
 and until recently for those who administered the sacrament, 
 which occurred every Sabbath, occupying about an hour, 
 water being used instead of wine. The sacrament is now ad- 
 ministered only in the respective Ward Meeting Houses each 
 Sunday evening. All the seats in the Tabernacle and Ward 
 Meeting Houses are free, no collections are taken, serv- 
 
 ices being every Sunday at 2 p. m. in the former, and in the 
 latter at 6:30, usually. No visitor to Salt Lake should fail 
 to attend one of those services, which occupy about an hour 
 and a half, the only restriction being that those who attend 
 are expected to remain until the close. 
 
 (Page 6.) CITY AND COUNTY BUILDING. 
 
 This grand City and County Building combined, is situ- 
 ated on the ten-acre block once known as Emigration Square, 
 between First and Second East and Fourth and Fifth South 
 streets. It is a pretentious building in what is called the 
 Romanesque style of architecture, five stories in height and 
 272x156 feet on the ground. Conspicuous over all surround- 
 ing buildings is the central tower, 250 feet high, surmounted 
 by the figure of Columbia. The four corner towers, with 
 emblematical statuary, are I2O feet in height. Kyune (Utah) 
 stone and brick are the materials used. The several stories 
 are fire-proof; the cost was nearly $900,000. The grounds are 
 beautifully parked and lighted by electricity at night, and in 
 the daytime there is occasionally permission to look from the 
 summit of the central tower upon the loveliest and most ex- 
 tensive panorama of combined rural, city, and mountain scen- 
 ery to be seen anywhere in the West. 
 
 (Page 7.) LION AND BEE HIVE HOUSES, THE 
 HEADQUARTERS OF THE PRESIDENT. 
 STATUE OF PRESIDENT BRIGHAM 
 YOUNG. GRAVE OF PRESIDENT YOUNG. 
 
 The Lion House and the Bee Hive House are noted as 
 having been the residences of President Brigham Young and 
 his extensive family. The former was built in 1853-4 a "d tne 
 latter some time afterward. 
 
 President Young exhibited his love for emblematic deco- 
 ration by placing the lion couchant over the vestibule of the 
 Lion House, which gave the name to the residence. The bee 
 hive crowning the near-by pretentious edifice, gave it the title 
 of the "Bee Hive House," which it veritably was, for in and 
 around it were the conveniences for a pioneer family and 
 workmen in great numbers. It is now the official residence of 
 President Lorenzo Snow, changed and much improved since 
 its first erection. 
 
 Between the two residences mentioned will be observed 
 the once private offices of President Young. Here he used 
 to receive visitors and meet with his associate officials of the 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 Church. They are similarly used at the present time by 
 President Snow, his counselors and the requisite clerical aid. 
 The Deseret Telegraph had its original quarters here, and 
 through it communication was had with presiding men all 
 over the Territory, so that any intimation of danger from 
 hostile Indians or other matters, were thus quickly known, 
 and aid or counsel was tendered, as the case might suggest. 
 Its wires are now used for general purposes all over the State 
 by the Western Union Telegraph Company, who bought it 
 out. 
 
 Passing east from these offices and under the Eagle Gate, 
 then turning to the right at the first street, brings the visitor 
 to the grave of President Brigham Young, the once great 
 Leader, Pioneer, and Prophet of the "Mormon" people. Thou- 
 sands visit in appreciative mood this sacred locality, where all 
 that was mortal of this mighty man, who has been likened 
 unto Moses, waits the trump of the resurrection. 
 
 History has not yet done justice to the character of 
 Brigham Young, or to his mighty work. Even his own peo- 
 ple, to whom his word was law, and by whom his judgment 
 was unquestioned, fail somewhat in this respect. They know 
 full well that he led a persecuted people from aggressive Illi- 
 nois into the wilderness, where there was quietude and peace; 
 that he gave uncounted suggestions and set an example by 
 inaugurating all the improvements during the early years of 
 colonization ; that to his foresight and genius Salt Lake City 
 owes its grandeur and beauty ; that his imprint was but the 
 foreshadowing of its destiny as the great metropolis of this 
 entire inter-mountain region ; that villages, towns, cities, 
 school-houses, churches, and temples sprang up at the bidding 
 of his inspirational power; that generations will continue to 
 build upon the foundation he was privileged to lay; that his 
 genius was far-reaching in all things pertaining to the up- 
 building of the country; and that as the years roll by the 
 value of his work increases and the power of his inspirational 
 mentality stands out in bolder relief. 
 
 His monument, in bronze and granite, coupled with the 
 Pioneers, and glorified with emblematic figures, was designed 
 by a Utah artist, Dallin, and erected at a cost of $35,000. It 
 now stands at the head of what is known as Main street (in 
 proximity to the Great Temple and the Church publishing 
 house). The monument is but a slight tribute to his ac- 
 knowledged character, for the State itself is his monument, 
 and this will endure when bronze and granite have crumbled 
 into dust, particularly if the economic counsels he gave are 
 
 heeded, for the burthen thereof to his beloved people was 
 continuously, "Keep out of debt ; develop your own resources ; 
 sustain home enterprise ; be producers, and not consumers 
 only; and let every Working-man occupy his own house, and 
 keep at least a year's supply of food on hand." 
 
 (Page 8.) GARDO HOUSE, EAGLE GATE, OLD AND 
 NEW, STATUE OF MORONI, AND GEN- 
 ERAL TITHING STORE. 
 
 THE GARDO HOUSE was erected by Brigham Young, 
 who intended to use it wherein to receive his friends. He 
 died soon after its erection, when it was occupied as a par- 
 sonage by his successor, President John Taylor. Under the 
 Confiscation Act of Congress it passed into the hands of a re- 
 ceiver, but was eventually released and used as a residence. 
 Now it is private property, and retained among our illus- 
 trations only because of its historic associations. 
 
 THE EAGLE GATE, as it is called, is immediately east 
 of the Bee Hive House; it was originally the gateway lead- 
 ing into President Young's private grounds, and also into 
 City Creek Canon, which at that time was a toll road. The 
 bird was carved in wood by Ralph Ramsey, a Northumbrian 
 convert. To preserve it as an evidence of early budding art, 
 along with those already mentioned, it has been lately cop- 
 pered. The original pedestals upon which its supports stood 
 have also been rebuilt in a more artistic style, so that as a 
 land-mark and a memory it may now remain for many years 
 to come. 
 
 The figure on this page (8) is the ideal representation of 
 the Angel Moroni of Book of Mormon history which 
 crowns the summit of the central eastern tower of the Salt 
 Lake Temple. The figure itself is 13^2 feet in height, made 
 of copper and richly gilded. The trumpet in its hand typifies 
 the proclamation of the Gospel predicted in the I4th Rev., 
 6th verse. 
 
 GENERAL TITHING STORE. This is the repository 
 for the reception and distribution of the tithes of Church 
 members, in kind or otherwise, which constitutes the revenue 
 and treasury of the Church, it having been always under- 
 stood that this payment was a tenet of the Church, the evi- 
 dence of abiding faith, and the key to many blessings which 
 all good Saints desire to reach. Its distribution is to work- 
 men and employees upon Temples or other edifices for the 
 Church, the poor and needy of its members, and in years gone 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 29 
 
 by for the Indians whose hunting grounds were being occu- 
 pied by a growing community. 
 
 (Page 9.) KENYON AND KNUTSFORD HOTELS. 
 PRESIDENT YOUNG'S SCHOOL-HOUSE. 
 OLDEST HOUSE IN THE CITY. SECTIONS 
 OF THE TABERNACLE ROOF. 
 
 The two leading hotels of Salt Lake City are the Knuts- 
 ford and the Kenyon. The first is located on the corner of 
 First East and Third South streets ; it has 300 rooms, and is 
 elegantly appointed throughout. Prices from $3 to $5 per 
 day. G. S. Holmes, Manager. 
 
 The Kenyon is found at the south-east corner of Second 
 South and Main streets, almost in the heart of the city. It 
 is newly fitted out with all modern appliances for comfort; 
 has 81 bath suites at $4.00 per day ; 100 rooms at $3.00 per 
 day; and 100 at $2.50 per day. D. S. Porter, Manager. Both 
 are palatial outwardly; internally they have all modren appli- 
 ances for use and comfort. 
 
 The Cullen, Walker, Manitou, St. James, and numerous 
 other family hotels are located near the central part of the 
 business section of the city, and restaurants to suit every 
 purse abound ; prices as low and services as good as any- 
 where in the United States. 
 
 Immediately north-east of the Eagle Gate is THE OLD 
 SCHOOL HOUSE, where the children of President Young 
 were educated. The third house east, called "The White 
 House," was among the first erected after the Old Fort was 
 abandoned. It was occupied for many years by the first wife 
 and family of President Young. 
 
 THE OLDEST HOUSE. The unique relic here illus- 
 trated dates away back to Pioneer days. It was one of the 
 first buildings erected in the "Old Fort," and it is to-day the 
 only remaining one of that historic time. .The susceptible 
 observer holds in reverence this rare old house, mayhap, in- 
 dulges a hope that from its present location in the rear of 
 Zebulon Jacob's residence, corner of First North and West 
 Temple, it may yet be transferred and preserved with sacred 
 and jealous care, say in a treasure house with other me- 
 mentos, if such there are, of "the times which tried men's 
 souls." 
 
 The section of the TABERNACLE ROOF is introduced 
 as an illustration to show the method of its construction. It 
 is known as the "Howe truss" principle, being susceptible of 
 
 sustaining an extraordinary strain and weight at the same 
 time. Solidity and strength are its great characteristics. 
 
 (Page 10.) STREET SCENES IN SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 These several views give a good idea of the boulevard 
 character of the streets of Salt Lake City. There is ample 
 room for traffic and transit ; the sidewalks are a marvel to 
 the visitor from other States. The stream which course 
 down each side are refreshing and novel to the eye. Street 
 car service is good ; telegraph and telephone poles are out of 
 the way in the event of fires, and the old-fashioned prejudice 
 as to the width of the streets is fast disappearing. 
 
 (Page n.) FORT DOUGLAS. 
 
 Among the attractions of the suburbs of Salt Lake City, 
 Fort Douglas leads, commanding, as it does, a view of the 
 lake and the surrounding country. It is beautifully laid out, 
 is a full regimental post, and was founded by General Patrick 
 Edward Connor, who came to Utah in command of the Cali- 
 fornia Volunteers in 1862. The waters of Red Butte Canon 
 are used to beautify and keep alive the shrubbery and gar- 
 dens. It is now reached by two car lines, one passing through 
 Eagle Gate and First street and the other along east Second 
 South. The dress parades and band concerts attract thou- 
 sands of visitors. When enjoying the luxury of a carriage 
 ride, do not fail to pay a visit to this interesting spot. The 
 distance from the center of Salt Lake City is about three 
 miles, and the street care fare only 5c each way. The eleva- 
 tion is 600 feet above the city. 
 
 From the table land on which the Fort is built there is a 
 grand panoramic view of the entire valley. Salt Lake City 
 in the immediate foreground, with the lake shimmering 
 around its islands in the distance, the grand and hoary 
 Wasatch for a background, and in the west, as the boundary 
 of this lovely valley, -is the Oquirrh Mountains, which, seen in 
 the western distance, divide Salt Lake from Tooele valley. 
 The well known "Old Reliable" mining camp of Bingham 
 Canon is some twenty miles distant, south-west, and is reached 
 by the Rio Grande Western Railway. Gold, silver, and lead 
 in immense quantities are annually produced by the different 
 methods. The broad tract of land lying beyond the city is 
 being rapidly reclaimed and brought under cultivation by 
 means of canals, which have their sources in the River Jordan, 
 the outlet of Utah Lake, the starting point being the Narrows, 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 at the south end of Salt Lake valley, about twenty-rfive miles 
 away. 
 
 (Page 12.) EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. LATTER- 
 DAY SAINTS' UNIVRSITY. ROWLAND 
 HALL SEMINARY (EPISCOPALIAN). ALL 
 HALLOWS COLLEGE (CATHOLIC.) GOR- 
 DON ACADEMY (JOINT PATRONAGE). 
 UTAH UNIVERSITY (3 BUILDINGS.) 
 
 Higher education was a dream of the Pioneers, for the 
 last named institution was the first projected. Years were 
 spent in anticipation and preparation, since State aid was in- 
 evitably meagre from a people so lately despoiled and driven. 
 Now the dream is in process of grand fulfillment; ample 
 grounds, new buildings, State aid and land endowments; a 
 full corps of professors and a crowding host of students tell 
 the story of progress, and prophesy of increasing and perma- 
 nent success. 
 
 The State University embraces all the title implies, and 
 in the Normal School, kindergarten and training are included. 
 Laboratory work and manual training belong to and are 
 features of the above, while every facility for the higher 
 studies are amply provided and added to as the wisdom and 
 experience of the regents determine in the evolution of so 
 grand an institution. Some sixty acres of ground surround- 
 ing comprise the munificent gift of Congress, bestowed at the 
 instigation of Utah's representatives, and a splendid tribute 
 to the patriotism and growing importance to the nation of the 
 "Mormon" people. 
 
 The Latter-Day Saints' University includes the teaching 
 of the peculiar features of their faith, leing under the sur- 
 veillance and patronage of the Church, and well supplied 
 with modern appliances for the many branches of modern 
 education. 
 
 The others (denominational schools) are all co-workers 
 in the great cause of needed education ; they are all doing 
 good work and drawing from a large radius an increasing 
 number of aspiring students. 
 
 (Page 13.) ST. ANN'S ORPHANAGE (CATHOLIC). 
 
 THE SALT PALACE. THE ASSEMBLY 
 
 HALL. ALTA CLUB. ST. MARK'S AND 
 
 HOLY CROSS HOSPITALS. 
 
 By the munificent liberality of Senator Kearns and wife, 
 
 in particular, the first of these has been recently built, at a 
 
 cost of $60,000, exclusive of internal fittings ; and if philan- 
 thropy, sanctified of religious fervor, can find its opening 
 among the unfortunates, surely this is destined to be a bless- 
 ing to many. Its several rooms were furnished by other 
 thoughtful philanthropists of the Mother Church. 
 
 The Salt Palace is a speculative creation from waters of 
 the lake, in part. Amusement is its motto, and it caters to a 
 large section who delight in the specialties which it provides. 
 
 The Assembly Hall is situated in the south-west corner 
 of the Temple Block. This handsome edifice is 120x68 feet. 
 It was superintended by Master Workman Henry Grow from 
 designs by Mr. Obed Taylor. The central tower. 130 feet 
 from the ground, sustains, as a vane the suggestive figure of 
 an angel, with the trumpet of warning. Its interior is some- 
 what on the plan of the adjoining Tabernacle, but it is used 
 mainly for the Stake Priesthood and as an overflow meeting 
 house at the General Conferences. Some 2.400 peop 1 -? can be 
 comfortably seated in its cozy interior, and when its fine 
 organ and 100 choristers occupy, at such times, the west end 
 of the building, it presents an attractive picture. Its interior 
 decorations are chaste and suitable. 
 
 St. Mark's Hospital (Episcopal), opposite the Warm 
 Springs, North, is easily reached by car lines. It is a well- 
 appointed and superior institution, and has been a grand bless- 
 ing to many who have needed the attention which it bestows, 
 and which is in all respects first-class. 
 
 St. Mary's Hospital (Catholic), managed by the Sisters 
 of the Holy Cross, is one of the most imposing and the largest 
 and best appointed hospital in Utah. It was created at a 
 cost of $100,000. It now contains 200 cots. Monthly sub- 
 scriptions from miners and private patients sustain this good 
 work, but its enlargement is already determined upon. The 
 managers of its internal economy were originally from St. 
 Mary's, Indiana. Their devotion is' as phenomenal here as 
 elsewhere. Visitors can reach the institution, which is situated 
 between Tenth and Eleventh East, by taking the First South. 
 street electric cars. 
 
 (Page 14.) PLEASURE RESORTS NEAR-BY. 
 
 ERTY PARK (WITH PICNICKERS IN 
 VIEW), PARLEY'S CANON (PHARAOH'S 
 GLEN). fCALDER'S PARK, fLAGOON 
 (TWO VIEWS). 
 The three marked t can be reached by street car and 
 
 dummy lines. The cooling ride is a fine preparation for en- 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 joying the grounds, which are well laid out, and the enter- 
 tainments which are provided are of a varied character. By 
 day or night each may be visited with advantage, particularly 
 during the heated term, when a change is desirable. 
 
 (Page 15.) BUSINESS BLOCKS OLD AND NEW. 
 
 Dooly. The handsome and substantial, though sombre- 
 looking structure, known as the Dooly Block, was, when 
 built, quite an accession to the architecture of this city. Facing 
 the north, its dark red stone front looks cold, but it makes a 
 fine Postoffice at present. 
 
 The beautiful McCormick Block, on tne corner of First 
 South and East Temple, is a building of which any city might 
 be proud. It is built of dressed Kyune (Utah) stone, and 
 having a southern aspect, with splendid elevator privileges, its 
 multitude of sunny rooms are all easily rented at good prices. 
 
 The Commercial Block, one of the finest in the city, cost 
 $250,000; has elevator and offices on upper floors, and the 
 Commercial National Bank on the first floor ; is on the corner 
 of Commercial and Second South streets ; was built in 1890. 
 
 The Culmer Block, on First South, just east of Main, is a 
 a very pretentious looking structure, well occupied, and a 
 credit to the City and State. 
 
 The Chamber of Commerce is on Second South, one and 
 a half blocks west of Main street. It was built by the Board 
 of Trade Building Company, at a cost of $68,000, the ground 
 having been previously donated by adjacent property holders, 
 was valued at $25,000. The rooms of the Chamber of Com- 
 merce are on the second floor, conveniently reached by pas- 
 senger and freight elevators. The Pioneer or Masonic Library 
 Association had its first quarters here, but the books, etc., 
 have now been donated to the city, and are easily accessible 
 to the public at the northern end of the Joint City and County 
 Building. 
 
 The Hooper Block, East First South, along with the pre- 
 ceding ones, are given as specimens of commercial or busi- 
 ness houses, which serve to show the enterprise and progress 
 which is the best evidence of a live city and the faith of its 
 builders as to its future. 
 
 Z. C. M. I., the Great Co-operative Store, is now in a 
 transition condition, and is, therefore excluded from this addi- 
 tion, along with many others now building. 
 
 The Salt Lake Theater, originally built by President 
 Young, is situated on the corner of First East and First South 
 
 streets. Its area is 174x80 feet, and height 75 feet from floor 
 to ceiling. The stage is 62x32 feet. Its general capacity 
 leaves room for seating 1,800 persons. All the appointments 
 of this house are very complete. Ingress and egress are safe 
 and easy, and, in fact, it is considered as well adapted for 
 theatrical purposes as any theater in the Rocky Mountains. 
 See page 8 for cut of Salt Lake Theater. 
 
 (Page 16.) BEAUTIFUL SALT AIR. 
 
 This bathing resort is but twenty minutes' ride from 
 Salt Lake City, via the Salt Lake and Los Angeles Railway. 
 From an architectural standpoint, it has no peer in America, 
 and for the purposes intended, no detail has been omitted 
 that might make it a delightful place to spend a few hours, 
 being always cool and pleasant in the hottest weather. Erect- 
 ed by citizens of Salt Lake City the architecture being 
 Moorish it was commenced February I, 1893, and completed 
 June i the same year, at a cost of $250,000. It was built 
 upon 2,500 ten-inch piling at the end of a pier, reaching 
 4,000 feet into the lake. 
 
 The total length of the buildings from east to west is 
 1,115 f eet - It is crescent shaped in outline, with the convex 
 side nearest the shore. The greatest width is 335 feet, and 
 the height, from water to top of main tower, 125 feet. The 
 lunch pavilion is 151x253 feet; size of dancing floor above it 
 is 140x250 feet, without a pillar or other obstruction. The 
 dancing pavilion is constructed after the style of roofing 
 adopted in the Tabernacle (same size), but the frame work 
 is of iron. There are 600 bath rooms. Bathers can be accom- 
 modated with any depth of water desired. At night 1,250 in- 
 candescent and forty arc lights give the place a fairy-like ap- 
 pearance, as these are reflected in the placid waters of the lake 
 on a calm summer night. 
 
 The views presented are taken to show the bathing facili- 
 ties from the annex, looking towards the main central tower 
 also the south front or entrance to the tower. Another shows 
 the interior of the great dancing pavilion and the fourth the 
 lake or north front. The central illustration is a bird's-eye 
 view from the architect's plans, minus the annex. No visitor 
 to Salt Lake City should fail to see this very interesting and 
 wonderful creation, standing like an island in "the great dead 
 sea of America." 
 
 As many as ten thousand visit this extraordinary re- 
 sort on such high holidays as the 4th of July. 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 (Pages 17 and 18.) PRESIDENTS OF THE CHURCH 
 OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS. 
 
 First is the immortal founder of this still strange though 
 now world-famed organization, Joseph Smith the Prophet, 
 who was born December 23, 1805, in Sharon, Windsor County, 
 Vermont. He experienced his first vision in the spring of 
 1820; received the plates and translated the Book of Mormon 
 between September 1827 and 1829; organized the Church, 
 April 6, 1830; and after innumerable vicissitudes and persecu- 
 tions was finally, with his Brother Hyrum, assassinated by 
 an armed mob, which attacked Carthage Jail, Illinois, June 
 27, 1844, while they were under the guaranteed protection 
 of the Governor of the State. 
 
 Next is his great representative and successor, Brigham 
 Young, the astute statesman and unexampled colonizer, who 
 was born June I, 1801, in Whittingham, Windsor County, 
 Vermont ; ordained an Apostle February 14, 1835 ; sustained 
 as President of the Church December 27, 1847; and died in 
 Salt Lake City, August 29, 1877. 
 
 His successor in this responsible position was John Tay- 
 lor, who was born at Milnthorpe, Westmoreland, England, 
 November I, 1808; he came to the First Presidency October 
 10, 1880, and died, after a very active life as propagandist and 
 legislator, near Salt Lake City. 
 
 Wilford Woodruff was born at Avon, Hartford County, 
 Connecticut, March I, 1807, and was the successor of Presi- 
 dent John Taylor. He enjoyed the reputation of having 
 traveled farther and preached more than any of his asso- 
 ciates in the ministry. He was one of the first Pioneers to 
 look upon Salt Lake valley, and was always an indefatigable 
 worker; his reputation for honesty and unfailing sincerity 
 was never questioned. He died while on a visit to San Fran- 
 cisco, September 2, 1898. An immense concourse of people 
 attended his funeral in the Tabernacle ; his death was uni- 
 versally regretted by all classes of the community. 
 
 Lorenzo Snow succeeded President Woodruff. He was 
 born April 3, 1814, at Mantua, Portage County, Ohio. Died 
 October 10, 1901. He filled important missions during his 
 life and was universally esteemed, as a man of honor and 
 devotion to his faith. 
 
 Joseph F. Smith is his successor. He was born in Far 
 West, Caldwell County, Mo., November 13, 1838. He is the 
 son of Hyrum Smith, slain at Carthage, Mo. He has selected 
 
 for counsellors John R. Winder, born December n, 1821, and 
 Anthon H. Lund, born May 15, 1844. 
 
 (Page 19.) DENOMINATIONAL CHURCHES OF SALT 
 LAKE CITY. 
 
 St. Mary's Cathedral (Catholic), on Second East, be- 
 tween South Temple and First South streets, was the first 
 non-Mormon church erected in Utah after its settlement. 
 President Young donated $500 toward its erection. Sabbath 
 services are held at 8, 9, and 10 a. m. and 7 :3O p. m. 
 
 St. Mark's Cathedral (Episcopal) is two and a half blocks 
 east of Main street, north side of First South. The building 
 is 90 feet long, 36 feet wide, and 34 feet high. It was erected 
 in 1871, at a cost of $45,000. A transept was afterward added 
 and a fine pipe organ placed therein, at a cost of $5,000. Sab- 
 bath morning services at n a. m. ; evening services, 7:30 p. m. 
 
 Presbyterian Church, corner Second South and Second 
 East streets, is a plain, redwood, rustic edifice, has fine acous- 
 tic properties, and is a pleasant place in which to worship. 
 Sabbath services at n a. m. and 8 p. m. 
 
 St. Paul's Chapel (Episcopal), corner of Fourth South 
 and Main streets, is a handsome stone building, neatly and 
 artistically finished within and without. The rectory adjoins 
 the Chapel. Times of service same as St. Mark's, above. 
 
 The Jewish Synagogue, located on Fifth East, between 
 First and Second South streets, is an interesting building re- 
 cently finished. It is one evidence of the cosmopolitan char- 
 acter of the population of Salt Lake. 
 
 The First Congregational Church, a beautiful addition to 
 the architectural attractions of Salt Lake City, is located on 
 the corner of First South and Fifth East streets. One of the 
 most beautiful organs in the West has been placed within it, 
 and combined with the elegant interior finish, helps to make 
 this addition to our collection of churches the most notable 
 of them all. Services are held every Sunday at u a. m. and 
 7 :3O p. m. Sunday school at usual hours. 
 
 First Methodist Church, half a block east of Main street, 
 on Third South, is a roomy, handsome brick structure, cost 
 $60,000 and seats 800. Sunday services at u a. m. and 7 p. m. 
 
 The Swedish Lutheran Church is on the corner of Second 
 South and Fourth East streets. It was built in 1885 : cost 
 $10.000 ; is 66 feet long and 44 feet wide, and is generally con- 
 sidered one of the neatest buildings for religious purposes in 
 the city. Opposite this building is All Hallows College 
 (Catholic). 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 33 
 
 First Baptist Church. This very pretty edifice is located 
 on the corner of Second South and Second West. Sunday 
 services are held at 1 1 a. m. and 7 130 p. m. 
 
 The Christian Scientists not long ago completed, at a cost 
 of over $.25,000, quite a nice and attractive place of meeting. 
 It will be found east on Third South. 
 
 In Salt Lake City, besides the recognized orthodox 
 churches, can be found the Unitarians, Christian Scientists, 
 the "Reorganized," Salvation Army, Theosophists, Freethink- 
 ers, and others, so that any, religious or non-religious, can be 
 satisfied. 
 
 For the inquirer, the interested, or the curious, the Latter- 
 Day Saints have services in each meeting house of the twenty- 
 five wards of the city every Sunday, generally commencing 
 at 6 or 6:30 p. m. There are Sabbath schools in these wards 
 also at 10 a. m., where visitors are welcomed. Sacrament 
 services are held first Sunday in each month at 2 p. m., in the 
 same places. Tabernacle services at 2 p. m. Sundays, as 
 noted elsewhere. The public are invited and all seats are free. 
 
 (Page 20.) PUBLIC OR DISTRICT SCHOOLS. 
 
 Salt Lake City has reason to be proud of her public 
 schools, which are, in point of number, size, and architectural 
 finish, the equals of any to be found in older communities. 
 All the interior finishings and appointments are of the best, 
 and all recent improvements deemed necessary to a complete 
 system of education have been adopted. The number of 
 scholars enrolled in 1901 was 13,000, and the number in regu- 
 lar attendance is over 10.000 in the public schools of the city. 
 There are 250 teachers. No religious tenets are permitted to 
 be taught, making them strictly non-sectarian. The education 
 obtained within them is little short of the highest type. The 
 School Board is composed of both "Mormons" and "Gentiles," 
 so-called, and is of a most progressive and liberal character. 
 During late years $1,500,000 has been expended for additional 
 school buildings and grounds. The amount requisite for 
 maintaining the public schools of Salt Lake City, which num- 
 ber twenty-eight, exclusive of the University, is $210,000, 
 which amount covers salaries, school books, etc., but there is 
 also a large annual interest on the bonded school indebtedness. 
 
 Kindergarten schools are also established, and these are 
 successfully and efficiently conducted. 
 
 (Page 21.) INDIANS (SEVERAL TYPES). 
 
 The Indians represented on this page of illustrations, are 
 types of the races that still remain in the valleys of Utah. 
 Strange to say, they are gradually dying off, although uni- 
 formly treated with kindness in many homes. The policy of 
 Brigham Young, as expressed by him, was, that it was "better 
 to feed than to fight them." 
 
 The Indians generally regard the people now as their 
 friends, and very seldom is there trouble between the settlers 
 and these aborigines of the country. Colonies for them have 
 been formed here and there, under the direction of devoted 
 Elders, with a view of getting the Indians to understand and 
 adopt the habits of the whites, but the results thus far are not 
 very encouraging. 
 
 Of the Goshutes, in the western part of Utah, very few re- 
 main. Of the Utes, proper, many families are seen at times 
 on the streets of Salt Lake City. 
 
 The Shoshones and Bannocks, in the northern part of 
 Utah and Southern Idaho, are more numerous. They are 
 superstitious about having their portraits taken. It is next 
 to impossible to get them to pose without dressing up for the 
 occasion, attrition with civilization having led them to have 
 some regard for personal appearance at least when being 
 photographed. 
 
 The portraits of Sioux Indians here inserted were ob- 
 tained from the fact that they were enlisted men in the U. S. 
 Army (stationed at Fort Doglas at the time), and through a 
 strong feeling of friendship, they reluctantly allowed them- 
 selves ( to be photographed as dressed for their famous "Ghost 
 Dance" a concession never made when in their own villages. 
 
 BIRD'S-EYE VIEW OF SALT LAKE CITY 
 AND SURROUNDINGS. 
 
 Little need be said in regard to this, save that it repre- 
 sents and gives an idea of the magnitude of the city of the 
 "Saints," which covers nearly twelve square miles. Its lordly 
 streets and individual palaces are worthy of its founder and 
 its site. No fairer city rests in this Republic, and when seen 
 from an eminence, in the midst of spring and summer, it is 
 a notable picture. Trees, flowers, lawns, and homes set in 
 changing colors and framed as it were by the everlasting hills, 
 it is the astonishment of tourists and the very ideal combina- 
 tion of town and country. Transit from its extremities is 
 easy; electric cars run along its thoroughfares and into its 
 
 ., ^ 
 
PICTORIAL REl : LEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 lovely suburban districts, which are increasing annually, from 
 a somewhat mistaken idea, that the Garden City is becoming 
 crowded, and that fresh air is more or less of a stranger in 
 those grand thoroughfares which are envied by every tourist 
 and visitor who, from old-fashioned, stifling, bustling cities, 
 have felt as if they possessed it all. 
 
 Water, sewage, electric lighting, schools, colleges, univer- 
 sities, and all sorts of educational institutions ; ready city 
 transportation and several con verging railroads; lakes, ravines, 
 and mountains ; retreats and pleasure resorts in great variety ; 
 mercantile stores and manufactories ; mining in gold, silver, 
 lead, copper, coal, iron ; rocks, marbles, onyx, clays, for build- 
 ings ; fruits, grazing, stock ranges, and agricultural interests 
 generally, including sugar, and salt from the inland sea so 
 make up, along with a multiplicity of things unnamed, a 
 marvellous whole as is rarely equaled and never excelled in 
 our almost interminable national domain, from the Atlantic to 
 the Pacific, or from Mexico to Canada. The resources of 
 this wonderful State are innumerable ; her population is peace- 
 able, progressive, and, in the main, religious without fanati- 
 cism and more than disposed to award to all lovers of re- 
 ligious liberty, unselfish patriotism, and intelligent citizenship, 
 a welcome to this so-called "Treasure House of the Gods" 
 for mutual blessings and enduring peace. No tourist who 
 crosses this great continent can afford to do so without 
 visiting this the Queen City of the everlasting hills, if only 
 to witness the outgrowth of that faith, patience, and perse- 
 verence which, from the Genesis of the "Mormon" colonies 
 into the desert, their mighty leader, Brigham Young, and his 
 indefatigable successors, associates, and people, have wrought, 
 miracles unparalleled by any other similarly situated people 
 since the world began. 
 
 TOURISTS' GUIDE TO CITY STREET NOMENCLAT- 
 URE. 
 
 The streets of Salt Lake City are laid out at right angles, 
 132 feet wide, and run north and south, east and west com- 
 bined, they would extend over 100 miles. 
 
 The central business street is called East Temple (or 
 Main) street, and bounds the Temple Block on the east. 
 
 The street bounding Temple Block on the south is called 
 South Temple, and sometimes Brigham street. 
 
 The street bounding Temple Block on the west is called 
 West Temple street. 
 
 The street bounding Temple Block on the north is called 
 North Temple street sometimes Aqueduct street. 
 
 The streets east of East Temple street are designated by 
 numbers and called First East, Second East, etc. ; those south 
 of South Temple street being called First South, Second 
 South, etc. ; those west of West Temple street being called 
 First West, Second West, etc., and those north of North 
 Temple street being called First North, Second North, etc. 
 
 STATISTICS OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 The population of Salt Lake City is 65,000, by a close 
 estimate. 
 
 The estimated wealth of Salt Lake City is $75,000,000. 
 
 The altitude of the city above sea level is 4,300 feet above 
 the sea at the south-east corner of Temple Block. 
 
 The annual death rate of Salt Lake City is less than 10 
 per thousand of its population. 
 
 One hundred and forty-eight thousand tons of salt are 
 made by evaporation on the borders of the lake. 
 
 Fifty thousand barrels of beer are made annually. 
 
 The Dinwoody Furniture Company is the largest of sev- 
 eral furniture manufacturing concerns. 
 
 The Z. C. M. I. Factory turns out about $175,000 worth 
 of boots and shoes, and $10,000 worth of overalls, etc., giving 
 employment to 200 persons. Solomon Brothers also make 
 $20,000 worth of boots and shoes per annum, and Robinson 
 Brothers manufacture about the same amount of similar 
 goods. 
 
 Salt Lake City has over 60 miles of water mains, 22 miles 
 of sewers, $2,500,000 city debt, a city tax of 32j/> mills. 
 70 miles electric railway; it has 300 arc electric street lights, a 
 large number of artesian wells, three fine hospitals, a splendid 
 public school system, and schools and churches of nearly all 
 the religious sects to be found in other cities. 
 
 There are three daily papers published in Salt Lake City 
 The Desert News. Herald, and Tribune. 
 
 The receipts of the Salt Lake Postoffice for 1900 were 
 said to be $135.000. 
 
 There are twenty-eight public school districts in Salt Lake 
 Citv, where a good common ?chool education may be obtained. 
 There is also a good public high school. 
 
 The different religious societies also have schools so that 
 education is easy of access to all who desire it. Kindergar- 
 tens are also established and doing well. 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 There are twenty-four bishops' wards in Salt Lake City. 
 The Mormon residents of each of these are in charge of the 
 bishop and his two counselors and an organization of 
 teachers. 
 
 The width of the streets in Salt Lake City has always 
 created comment. Some think them too wide some think 
 them just right, urging that general conflagrations are impos- 
 sible; also that contagious diseases do not have as good a 
 chance. Taxpayers might prefer them of less width, but 
 Brigham Young was the engineer that gave the measure- 
 ments, and his ideas have settled the width of those streets 
 for all time to come. One hundred and thirty-two feet from 
 wall to wall is the usual width. Along most of the streets 
 the mountain water courses down on each side, and when 
 planted with trees this great width is not so noticeable. Those 
 streets illustrated (see page 10 of Reflex pictures) are the 
 principal business thoroughfares and embrace East Temple 
 (or Main) and First and Second South streets. One notice- 
 able, and to some objectionable feature, is that the principal 
 poles for telegraph, telephone, and street railway purposes are 
 placed in the middle of the streets, which mars their grandeur, 
 as these poles increase from year to year. 
 
 The Warm Springs are located within the city limits, on 
 the corner of Seventh North and Second West, and can be 
 reached every fifteen minutes by electric cars. Here can be 
 had Turkish, plunge, or private baths. The temperature of 
 the baths runs from 100 to 108 F., and stress is laid upon 
 their curative value in rheumatism, dyspepsia, and catarrh of 
 the head or stomach. 
 
 These springs are charged with hydro-sulphuric acid gas, 
 and ladies praise their virtues as removers of tan, freckles, 
 etc. ; in fact, as superior to any cosmetic in the renewing and 
 preservation of the complexion. 
 
 The improvements and accommodations are of the first 
 order. 
 
 The Salt Lake Sanitarium-Natatorium is located in the 
 heart of the city, on Third South, between Main and West 
 Temple streets; it is supplied with water of 110 F., from an 
 excellent mineral medicinal spring three miles distant, and is 
 as tasty, complete, and commodious a sanitarium as can be 
 found in any city. Its waters are equally as beneficial as 
 those of other sorings. The price of a bath at each of these 
 springs and at the sanitarium is 25 cents. 
 
 These hot thermal and medical springs, so conveniently 
 located at and near Salt Lake City, are destined, ere long, 
 
 35 
 
 to make her the greatest sanitarium on the American conti- 
 nent. 
 
 OTHER ITEMS OF INTEREST AS TO THIS CITY. 
 
 City Creek, Parley's, and Emigration Creeks are the chief 
 sources of water supply for this growing city. 
 
 The aqueduct for carrying off its surplus waters runs 
 through the center of North Temple street. 
 
 A large canal runs from the narrows of Jordan River, 
 twenty miles south, into the eastern part of the city, with an 
 outlet into City Creek aqueduct, near East Temple street ; 
 other canals are also constructed to water the western part 
 of the valley in addition to others on the east side of the river. 
 
 TOURIST CARRIAGE DRIVES. 
 
 The points of interest that can be reached by tourists 
 when riding put are Fort Douglas, Prospect Hill, Liberty 
 Park, the "Drive," and the Boulevard. To reach any of these 
 you pass many interesting points; and if time is abundant, a 
 drive up City Creek Canon will be found both pleasant and 
 attractive. Hundreds of Salt Lakers take their conveyances, 
 tents, and camp accoutrements and spend delightfully cool 
 weeks during the summer season up the canons that open 
 out into the valley except City Creek, along which no one is 
 allowed to camp as a precautionary measure in regard to the 
 domestic water supply. 
 
 The canons possessing the greatest attractions are City 
 Creek and Big and Little Cottonwood Canons. An ascent of 
 any one of these reveals a succession of beautiful pictures. 
 
 On West Temple, between South Temple and First South, 
 can be found the largest and best appointed livery and trans- 
 fer stables in the West ; they possess facilities for hauling 
 large parties of tourists in their celebrated Tally-Ho Coach. 
 "Raymond," the largest in the world, and other commodious 
 "Drags," Coupes, Victorias, etc. Gentlemanly drivers, well 
 posted on matters of interest to tourists, are furnished. Other 
 establishments also furnish livery outfits. 
 
 Calder's Park, just south of the city, and Liberty Park, 
 just within the limits, are both beautiful resorts, with all the 
 essential features, and can be reached easily by electric cars. 
 
 PLACES OF INTEREST OUTSIDE OF THE CITY. 
 
 The visitor who intends to enjoy himself for a few days 
 in Utah should visit some of the grand canons of the Wasatch 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 range. Tha most beautiful is Big Cottonwood Canon, easily 
 accessible by conveyance ; the road is smooth and the scenery 
 well repays. Little Cottonwood Canon can be reached in sum- 
 mer by daily stage to Wasatch ("Granite" Summer Resort), 
 thence by tram to Alta, 9,000 feet elevation. From the heated 
 valley to snow banks in a few hours is a trip worth taking. 
 
 Should the visitor desire to still further take in the 
 grandeur of the Wasatch range, he is advised, to go three 
 miles, on foot or horseback, from Alta over to Brighton's 
 (Silver Lake Summer Hotel, 9,200 feet elevation), see the 
 beautiful lakes and mountains, thence over to Park City, by 
 wagon road, and visit the greatest mining camp in Utah, the 
 location of the famous Ontario, Silver King, and Daly mines. 
 From thence he can reach Salt Lake by rail over the Park 
 City Branch ,of the Rio Grande Western, thus giving him 
 grand views in Parley's Park and in Parley's Canon down to 
 the city. The whole trip is full of scenic interest and quite 
 inexpensive. The famous mines of Tintic can be reached by 
 the Oregon Short Line or Rio Grande Western Railways. 
 The last named passes around Utah Lake and through the 
 towns and villages in Utah valley. The Oregon Short Line 
 train leaves Salt Lake City direct for Eureka, branching from 
 a point near Lehi, the first town reached on entering Utah 
 valley, where there is located one of the six successful beet 
 factories in the United States. 
 
 Bingham Canon, another important mining camp, but in the 
 Oquirrh Mountains, on the west side of Salt Lake valley, is 
 also a great place of interest. It can be easily reached by the 
 Rio Grande Western Railway. Mercur and many other 
 mining districts are now looming up with astonishing results. 
 A train for this point leaves Salt Lake City every day and 
 returns, giving the tourist an opportunity of inspecting the 
 most phenomenal mining district in the State. 
 
 Besides Utah Lake, the most noted in Utah are Fish Lake, 
 250 miles south of Salt Lake City and 6,500 feet above the 
 sea, and Bear Lake, on the northeastern part of Utah. Both 
 of these lakes abound in fish and are objects of great natural 
 beauty. 
 
 ^ The Lagoon, eighteen miles by rail from the city, is quite 
 a pleasant visiting point ; the grounds are beautifully laid 
 out; there is a fine pavilion for concerts and dancing, lakes 
 for boating, cricket or ball grounds, fine open bowery for pic- 
 nics, and seats everywhere for rest. Fare, including return, 
 only 25 cents. Refreshments on the ground. 
 
 Garfield Beach is also a noted resort on the lake shore. 
 
 It is controlled by the Oregon Short Line Railway Company 
 and situated at the most picturesque point on the southern 
 shores of Utah's great inland sea. Everything necessary for 
 the comfort and pleasure of visitors has been provided, and 
 some have thought it to be superior to Saltair, but it is some 
 six or seven miles further from the city than the latter. 
 
 At present it is unused, the lake having receded from its 
 pavilion. It is, however, a very attractive resort for many 
 reasons, and will doubtless be utilized in the future as in the 
 past. 
 
 THE GREAT SALT LAKE. 
 
 No visitor should fail to visit and enjoy the superb'luxury 
 of a bath in these saline waters, whose buoyancy is so great 
 that the bather can sit on it with perfect east, a few horizontal 
 motions of the hands being all that is necessary to keep him 
 self in position. Care should be taken by the bathers to keep 
 the water from their eyes, noses, and mouths. The following 
 shows the comparative density of different bodies of water: 
 
 Water. Solids. 
 
 Atlantic Ocean 96.5 3.5 
 
 Mediterranean Sea 96.2 3.8 
 
 Dead Sea 76.0 24.0 
 
 Great Salt Lake 74.78 25.22 
 
 The lake is eighty miles long by fifty wide. It is shallow 
 on the east side and deeper on the west; the greatest known 
 depth being sixty feet. 
 
 Concerning life in the Great Salt Lake, Dr. J. E. Talmage 
 has written : "Of animals but few specimens have been found 
 in the lake, but these few are represented by swarming num- 
 bers. Among the animal forms already reported as com- 
 mon to the lake, the writer has confirmed the presence of 
 four: (l) Artemia fertilis, Verril ; (2) the larvae of one 
 of the Tipulidae, probably Chironomus oceanicus, Packard ; 
 (3) a species of Corixa, probably Corixa tricolor, Uhler ; (4) 
 larvae and pupae of a fly, Ephydra gracilis, Packard." 
 
 Vast quantities of salt are obtained at various points on 
 the borders of the lake, by solar evaporation from artificial 
 ponds, during the summer months. It is shipped to the ore 
 smelters of Utah, Idaho, Montana, and Colorado for fluxing 
 purposes. There is enough to supply the whole Union for 
 an indefinite period. The tourist should carry home specimens 
 of water and sand from the shore, examine the same under 
 a magnifying glass, and he will find that what was apparently 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 37 
 
 sand is a polished globe of lime, beautiful to look upon. If 
 fond of climbing, visit the cave on the mountain side, about 
 half a mile from the bathing houses at Garfield; there get a 
 grand view of the lake and islands ; notice also the wonderful 
 water line that marks the epoch when the lake was a thou- 
 sand feet higher than it is now, and no doubt was a fresh 
 water lake at that time ; it is now known to scientists as "Lake 
 Bonneville," in honor of the modern discoverer of its former 
 existence and magnitude. 
 
 STATE ITEMS FOR THE INQUIRER. 
 
 Salt Lake County is twenty miles long by eighteen in the 
 widest part. Nearly all the land available for cultivation is 
 taken up. 
 
 Utah covers an area of 82,190 square miles. 
 
 The population of Utah by last official count was (1900) 
 280,000. 
 
 The legal rate of interest in Utah is 8 per cent per annum. 
 
 There are over 100,000 teachers and scholars in the "Mor- 
 mon" Sunday School Union of Utah. 
 
 There are thirty-nine banks in Utah, with a capital of 
 $5,011,890 and deposits amounting to nearly ten millions. 
 
 The total assessed value of property in 1895 was $97,983,- 
 525.00. 
 
 The number of farms in Utah is 19,816, but few of which 
 are encumbered by mortgage. 
 
 The total number of acres irrigated is 417,455. 
 
 Fifty-four million acres are included within the boundaries 
 of the State, the irrigated portion is as one in fifty-three, prob- 
 ably some three million acres can be utilized by the creation 
 of expensive reservoirs and appliances. 
 
 The number of sheep in Utah owned by its citizens 
 is over 5,000,000. Value of sheep, $600,000. The wool clip is 
 valued at $1,000,000. 
 
 Value of agricultural products in 1900 was over $15,- 
 000,000. 
 
 Number of industrial concerns 880, employing 50,541 peo- 
 ple. Wages paid. $2,037,118. Capital invested, $5,476.245. now 
 much increased. Products thereof in value, $6,678,118 an- 
 nually. 
 
 Number of stores, 1,974. Employees, 5,023. Capital, $14,- 
 5S7.30O. doing an annual business of $32.855,611. 
 
 Utah has 1,500 miles of railroad and 90 miles of street 
 railroad. 
 
 Expended in public and private buildings and works in 
 1900, $2,000,000. 
 
 School property in Utah, $2,355,673.94, with a total school 
 population of 86,000. 
 
 The total output of ranch and range was $2,000,000. 
 
 Seven times was application made for Statehood, which 
 was finally granted. The first inauguration services were 
 held January 6, 1895, and from Governor Wells' address on 
 that occasion many of the statistics are culled. Since that 
 date all these figures have become very materially advanced. 
 
 The fate of taxation, which includes City, County, and 
 State, is 32^2 mills on an assumed cash valuation. 
 
 The total assessment of the State for 1900 was $104,970,- 
 253, and the state tax for the same year was placed at 
 $794,550.63. 
 
 Salt Lake County has a population of 85.000 souls or 
 more, and the valuation of its taxable property is $40,000,000. 
 
 The products of the Utah Woolen Mills in Provo are 
 sold all over the Union. The demand for them is increas- 
 ing for the reason that they are all wool and honestly made 
 to wear well. 
 
 There are eighteen cigar factories in Utah. The sale of 
 stamps shows that 2,563,000 cigars were manufactured in a 
 year, most of them in Salt Lake City, where there are thirteen 
 factories. 
 
 Utah boasts of the finest Beet Sugar Factory in America. 
 It is located near Lehi, and cost $500,000 to build it. The 
 first year's run (1891) was 10,000 tons, which produced 1,250,- 
 ooo pounds of sugar. The second year showed 1.500,000 
 pounds from 10,000 tons of beets, and the third year 4.000.000 
 pounds of sugar. This sugar took the prize at the World's 
 Columbian Exposition, 1893 > $4- 2 5 per ton was paid for the 
 beets, which were raised at different places in the locality. 
 Twenty per cent was the highest product of sugar found in 
 the beets, and those came from a place on the west side of 
 the Jordan River, in Salt Lake Valley. The factory em- 
 ploys no men when running, but some 3,200 people, directly 
 and indirectly, find employment on its account. 
 
 The output of sugar at Lehi was 1000, 11,400.000 pounds, 
 and at the Ogden factory 5.800,000, or a total of 17,000,000 
 pounds, or some three million pounds short of the present 
 Utah consumption. Each ton of beets utilized produced over 
 250 pounds of sugar. 
 
 So generously has the soil of this inter-mountain country 
 responded to this industry that now factories are in process 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 of erection or already completed by Utah capitalists and ex- 
 perts, in Logan, Utah, Baker City, Oregon, and one in Colo- 
 rado. 
 
 Among other products of Utah, that of cotton is not the 
 least interesting. The first experiments were made in 1855 by 
 missionaries and colonizers, Jacob Hamlin, Thales Haskell, 
 A. P. Hardy, Samuel Knight, and some 25 others under the 
 leadership of R. C. Allen. 
 
 Noting the climatic conditions on the Rio Virgin and 
 Santa Clara (beyond the rim of the basin), they procured 
 some cotton seed, added this to their other farming operations 
 among the Indians, which proved a success ; enough being 
 produced after cleaning and spinning, then weaving by hand, 
 to make thirty yards of cloth, a piece of which is still in pos- 
 session of Samuel Knight the joint product of self and wife. 
 
 Among the large number of colonizers sent down by 
 President Brigham Young in 1858, was Joseph Home and 
 others, who were instructed to try this industry on a larger 
 scale. Fromone unfortuitous circumstance to another it is said 
 that every pound of lint cost $3.50, but this was gradually re- 
 duced ; rebellion in the South gave the venture that impetus 
 which culminated in the building of the factory at Washing- 
 ton, which ever since has been an important auxiliary in sup- 
 plying the Southern people with clothing and Northern Utah 
 with Batts, Cotton Yarn, Towels, Ginghams, and other fabrics, 
 and the manufacture of which under the late management of 
 Bishop Theo. Judd, has paid in seven years $20,000.00 in divi- 
 dends and more than $100,000.00 in wages. 
 
 Wheat, Barley, and Oats in 1900, 5,000,000 bushels ; esti- 
 mated value $2,400,000. 
 
 The salt products for the year 1900 was 120,000 tons. 
 
 The Coal product for the year 1900 was 1,134,900 tons, 
 worth $5,150,000. 
 
 The mineral output including Gold, Silver, Lead, and Cop- 
 per, for the year was $21,385,649. 
 
 The dividends paid on prominent mines for the same 
 time amounts to $2.439,500. 
 
 The comparatively new product, "Gilsonite," was mined 
 in 1900, 120,000 tons. 
 
 One million dollars was put into new buildings in Salt 
 Lake 'City in 1900. 
 
 The Salt Lake jobbing trade for the year was estimated 
 at $22.500.000. 
 
 The fifteen Banks of Salt Lake City, with a capital of 
 $3,005,000, have as deposits $25,016,454. 
 
 Clearings for the year amounted to $116,984,563.18. 
 
 The receipts of Salt Lake county were $257,269.53. 
 
 The State resources for the year amounted to $1,555,- 
 175-69. 
 
 The Provo factory consumed 500,000 pounds of wool and 
 shipped out of the State 200,000 yards of woolen goods. 
 
 Utah posesses immense deposits for building purposes, 
 Granite, red, gray, white, and brown Sandstone, Marble in all 
 colors, and Onyx of fine grade. 
 
 Slate is also found in abundance, for roofing, when build- 
 ers conclude to use it. 
 
 THE CLIMATE OF UTAH AND ITS FRUITS, ETC. 
 
 The month of June is the dryest in the year. 
 
 The average annual rainfall in Utah for twenty years is 
 16.5 inches, at the Salt Lake Signal Service Station, altitude 
 about 4,300 feet, but at the higher elevations the precipitation 
 is much more and remains, sometimes, all the summer and 
 autumn, as snow. 
 
 A few thunder showers occur during the summer months 
 and sometimes late in the fall. 
 
 Highest point on record reached by the thermometer was 
 102 degrees, on July 30, 1889. Ninety degrees is seldom reach- 
 ed, and this is not so much felt as in the humid atmosphere 
 of lower places. 
 
 By ascending our canons during the heated term you can 
 enjoy any degree of temperature wished, and also the delight- 
 ful surroundings that make the canons so attractive. 
 
 Table of elevations of the principal places in Utah, from 
 the United States Survey: 
 
 Feet above Feet above 
 
 sea level. sea level. 
 
 Salt Lake City 14,261 Logan 4.557 
 
 Great Salt Lake 4,218 Nephi -(.920 
 
 American Fork 4,608 Parowan S.Qio 
 
 Provo 4,52O Promontory 4.QO5 
 
 Utah Lake 4,498 Richfield ." 5.282 
 
 Spanish Fork 4.556 Rush Vallev 5,234 
 
 Beaver 6,058 Mammoth Mine 6,947 
 
 Fort Douglas 4,800 Tintic 4,833 
 
 Corinne 4,232 Tooele 4,487 
 
 Devil's Gate 4,835 Willard City 4,350 
 
 Echo 5.589 Daw's Mountain 13,300 
 
 Filmore 6,025 Mt. Nebo 11,992 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 The lowest temperature recorded in Salt Lake City was 
 twenty below zero, January 20, 1883. Since 1874 the mercury 
 has fallen below zero only six times on the coldest days, the 
 first frosts being about the ninth day of October, in Salt 
 Lake Valley on the uplands; on the lowlands a few days 
 earlier. 
 
 It is very seldom that winds in the Utah Valley reach 
 more than twenty miles per hour. Cyclones and hurricanes 
 are unknown. 
 
 The Black Hamburg grape will ripen in Salt Lake Valley, 
 if protected by a northern shelter. The Sweetwater grape 
 reaches perfection, without shelter, but all tender grape 
 vines should be protected in winter. Nectarines, apricots, 
 and almonds do well. Utah strawberries are the finest on 
 earth, and her potatoes and vegetables have no superiors. 
 There are only a few trees growing in Salt Lake City that 
 were found there when the pioneers came in in 1847, namely ; 
 a grove of box elder trees near the O. S. L. R. R. Station, 
 and a gjoup of scrub oak trees in front of a small house, the 
 second one west from the corner of North Temple and Main 
 Streets on the north side of the street. 
 
 Excellent cotton, grapes, raisins, and semi-tropical fruits 
 and nuts are raised in the extreme southern part of Utah be- 
 yond the rim of the basin. 
 
 The peach reaches perfection in the lower Valleys of 
 Utah. Utah's apple crop suffers from the codlin moth, and 
 the indifference of those who try to raise apples. By a Terri- 
 torial (now State) Law enacted in 1894, owners are compelled 
 to "spray" their orchards, to kill insects. 
 
 In 1895 there were in Utah 450,340 acres of land under 
 cultivation, of which 417,455 were actually irrigated. 
 
 "Dry farming." that is wheat farming without irriga- 
 tion, is successful some seasons, but irrigation makes the 
 raising of crops a certainty. 
 
 Utah barley has the reputation of making the finest beer. 
 As a consequence there are several breweries, giving employ- 
 ment to a great number of people. The product is exported to 
 all the surrounding States. 
 
 Lucerne or alfalfa is one of the most valuable crops, and 
 has made manv a poor man wealthy. It has the nrooerty of 
 roofing ve r v deenly in the soil, and stands drought won- 
 derfully. If watered well from three to four crons can be cut 
 annually, yielding from one to four tons per cuttiiw oer acre, 
 and sometimes eight tons of hay per season. Cattle eat it 
 ravenously. 
 
 The best native timber is the red pine. The only hard 
 woods are the mountain mahogany and maple, but neither 
 of these is large enough to be available for manufacturing 
 purposes. 
 
 THE MINERAL PRODUCTS OF UTAH. 
 
 The mines of Utah, in which between fifty and sixty mill- 
 ions are invested, have paid in dividends over thirty millions 
 since the feeble beginning in 1870. 
 
 The estimated output of precious metals in Utah during 
 1900 was as follows : 
 
 Silver (in value) $11.218,545 
 
 Gold (in value) 3,862,416 
 
 Lead (in value) 4.018.618 
 
 Copper (in value) 2.286,060 
 
 And since 1870, when mining began in these metals, a 
 grand total has been reached of $200,000.000, the seaboard 
 price of which was quite a percentage in advance. 
 
 Utah minerals cover a larger variety probably than that 
 covered by any other section of the country. See list : 
 
 Gold, 
 
 Silver, 
 
 Lead, 
 
 Copper, 
 
 Zinc, 
 
 Iron, 
 
 Aluminum, 
 
 Antimony, 
 
 Arsenic, 
 
 Bismuth. 
 
 Mercury, 
 
 Molybdenum, 
 
 Titanium, 
 
 Manganese, 
 
 Tellurium. 
 
 Besides all the Carbons, Stones. Marbles, Onyx, Slate. Gems 
 of every variety, with earths, Clays, Salts, and rare minerals 
 beyond compare, the State is indeed a vertiable "Treasure 
 House of the Gods !" These interests in the main or with 
 few exceptions have been developed by non-Mormons. The 
 Mormons have given greater attention to agriculture and 
 manufacturing, which made possible the more exciting bus- 
 iness. 
 
 Over 260 distinct classes of minerals have been found 
 in Utah, all having commercial value. 
 
 THE "MORMONS" OR LATTERDAY SAINTS. 
 
 It is well known that the attention of the world centered 
 unon Utah originally for far different reasons than those 
 of to-day : its growth, prosperity, resources, and prospects 
 now are widely known, her social conditions and religious 
 faith are primary questions to but few ; reformers, social 
 economists, and theologians are increasingly interested, and no 
 
40 
 
 PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 more reliable reply can be had than the people themselves 
 can give, they know of their own methods and of their own 
 faith. 
 
 One of the pleasant features of their social life is the 
 care which is extended toward the poor throughout their 
 wide-spread colonies ; to see and administer to this class 
 every Bishop's Ward has its Ladies" Relief Society, and 
 arrangements are so perfect in the Church, that but few, if 
 any, persons of advanced age are overlooked or forgotten. 
 Indeed, the sight of aged members of the Church asking alms 
 is as rare as are angel's visits. A committee of gentlemen also 
 make it a business to see that a grand entertainment every 
 summer in the shape of an excursion is provided for all 
 who are seventy years of age or over. As many as 1,700 per- 
 sons over seventy have visited many Utah cities, where they 
 were received with the greatest enthusiasm. Everything was 
 free the street cars, the railroad, the entertainment, and the 
 prizes. The Oregon Short Line and the R. G. W. Railways 
 have annually assisted in providing these free excursions for 
 the aged. During the winter months a grand free perform- 
 ance in the Salt Lake Theatre is also provided by the same 
 committee, through the gracious willingness of local or other 
 theatrical troups. In this all widows, orphans, missionaries' 
 wives, bootblacks, newsboys, deaf and dumb persons, and 
 especially the aged without reference (as in the railroad 
 trip) to creed, color, or nationality are welcome. 
 
 As fo the religious teachings of the Latter-day Saints, 
 they have been summarized by the Reflex as follows: 
 
 I. 
 
 They believe in God, the Eternal Father, in His Son, 
 Jesus Christ, and in the Holy Ghost. 
 
 II. 
 
 That God is a perfect being, possessing body, parts, 
 and passions. Christ said He was the express image of 
 His Father's person God is the Father of the Spirits of 
 all mankind. And that the atonement of Christ was designed 
 to enable fallen humanity to return to the presence of their 
 Eternal Father. 
 
 III. 
 
 That the Church as established by Je=us Chnst was de- 
 stroyed and his followers gradually dwindled \mt\\ a general 
 apostasy from the primitive order was the conque.or. That 
 
 God did not acknowledge the man-made systems that thus 
 sprang up. And that no man has the right to act as a 
 servant of God unless he possesses the authority by revelation. 
 
 IV. 
 
 That the leading principle and order of induction into 
 the Church of Christ are as follows: 
 
 1. "Faith" in the living God and His Son, Jesus Christ. 
 
 2. "Repentance" for past sin, and a firm resolve to con- 
 secrate the life to the cause of truth. 
 
 3. "Baptism," by immersion for the remission of sins 
 by one duly authorized. 
 
 4. "The laying on of hands," by Elders of the Church, 
 for the gift of the Holy Ghost. 
 
 All who obey these laws with honest and sincere purpose 
 of heart are entitled to enjoy the gifts of the true Gospel, 
 viz. : The healing of the sick by laying on of hands, the 
 gifts of prophecy, speaking in tongues, the revelation of 
 God's Holy Spirit for the personal guidance of thase that 
 accept the truth, with the assurance of eternal life should 
 they endure to the end. 
 
 It was therefore necessary that some one in this age 
 be delegated to act as His representative, so that 
 the same order as that established by Jesus Christ, should 
 again be restored to these latter times. Joseph Smith was 
 the one selected and through the administration of a holy 
 angel, the Holy Priesthood was again restored to the earth, 
 with all its orders and grades, as enjoyed in the ancient 
 times. 
 
 V. 
 
 That the order of Priesthood in the true Church is as 
 follows : 
 
 First, a Prophet whose right it is to receive a revelation 
 for the guidance of the Church, and for his assistance, two 
 counsellors and a quorum of Twelve Apostles, whose mis- 
 sion it is to introduce the Gospel to all nations. There are 
 two orders which constitute what is known as the Melchiz- 
 edek and Aaronic Priesthoods. High Priests, Seventies, 
 and Elders belong to the first. Bishops, Priests, Teachers, 
 and Deacons belonging to the latter. All men who live 
 godly lives are entitled to enjoy a portion of that Priesthood. 
 
 VI. 
 That the Bible is a record of God's dealings with man- 
 
PICTORIAL REFLEX OF SALT LAKE CITY. 
 
 kind in the Eastern world, and that the Book of Mormon, as 
 revealed to Joseph Smith, is also a record of His dealings 
 with the ancient people who lived on the American continent. 
 And that these sacred books mean what they say, and must 
 be understood similarly to all other histories. 
 
 VII. 
 
 That the sphere of woman is as noble as that of man, 
 and that she is entitled to all the rights she can enjoy. 
 
 That all capable persons should marry, and that any 
 man who shirks the obligations of matrimony is a dangerous 
 element in society. 
 
 That marriage is a sacred compact and should be made 
 for time and all eternity, and must'be performed in buildings 
 specially erected for that purpose. For this and other rea- 
 sons, temples are needed, that the vicarious work of baptism 
 for the dead and other ordinances of salvation may have 
 attention. 
 
 VIII. 
 
 That marriage, under well-defined regulations, is neces- 
 sary to the proper development of the sexes, mentally and 
 physically; and that unrestricted and unauthorized relations 
 between the sexes are illegitimate and an abomination in the 
 sight of God. 
 
 IX. 
 
 That the payment of tithes and offerings to meet the 
 expenses of the Church, to feed the hungry, clothe the naked, 
 comfort the widows and orphans, and provide for old and 
 needy persons, is a part of the duty of each member of the 
 
 Church of Christ. 
 
 X. 
 
 That for the full development of the members of the 
 Church, a place of gathering is necessary. That the Lord 
 has chosen America as the asylum of the oppressed of all 
 nations, and that the valleys of the mountains of the west, 
 are the present places of rendezvous. 
 
 XL 
 
 That the Constitution of the United States of America 
 is a heaven-born document, that the nation will grow in 
 
 power and prosperity as the strict observance of its prin- 
 ciples are maintained, and that it will diminish in power in 
 the same ratio as its sublime truths are set aside. 
 
 XII. 
 
 That the practice of self-denial is the imperative duty 
 of a Latter-day Saint. For this reason he is taught to be 
 temperate in all things, to avoid the use of tea, coffee, to- 
 bacco, and all alcoholic drinks as much as possible, and to 
 abstain from food interdicted in the advice given to the an- 
 cients through Moses. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 That all truths, of whatsoever nature or character, which 
 are clearly demonstrated, are revelations of God's power. 
 
 That no person is a true disciple, who, while professing 
 the name of a saint, is false to the sacred title. And that 
 no person can enjoy eternal advancement without living for it. 
 
 That it is unlawful to take the name of God in vain 
 on any occasion. 
 
 That the life and example of Christ is the highest ex- 
 ample for all to imitate, and that all vaunted superiority 
 lacking these qualities is hollow and of no avail. 
 
 That every man is free to accept or reject the Gospel, 
 but that he cannot receive remission of sins, be reconciled 
 to God or enjoy eternal life in His presence on any other 
 terms than obedience to the Gospel, is scriptural and true. 
 
 That all men will be rewarded or punished according 
 to their works, whether good or evil. 
 
 That the dead who did not obey the Gospel in this life 
 can. hear and accept it in the spirit world their mortal rela- 
 tives or friends attending to the ordinances of the Gospel 
 in the Temples on their behalf. 
 
 That all mankind will be resurrected from the dead and 
 will come forth to judgment and receive either reward or 
 punishment, which will be varied in degree, according to 
 capacity, merit, or demerit. 
 
 And that the glorified earth will be the dwelling place 
 of resurrected, glorified, and immortal beings, who will have 
 previously passed their mortal probation thereon, and that 
 they will dwell upon it forever in the light and knowledge 
 and Glory of God. 
 
LAND MARKS 
 
 Made famous by the early Traders, Explorers, 
 Pioneers, Mormons, Emigrants, Pony Express 
 Riders, Overland, Stage Coaches, Indian encount- 
 ers, etc., are seen from the car windows of the 
 UNION PACIFC TRAINS 
 
 For full Information call on jour nearest agent, or address 
 E. L. LOMAX, G. P. & T. A., Omaha, Neb. 
 
 IN TRAVELING OVER THIS LINE YOU SEE THE WONDERFUL 
 ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE UNION PACIFIC ENGINEERS OVER 
 MIGHTY CHASMS, LOFTY PEAKS, AND THROUGH MOUNTAINS OF 
 SOLID ROCK. BE SURE YOUR TICKET READS OVER THIS ROUTE.