664 
 
 ILLUSTRATED 
 
 GUIDE TO 
 
 I ADDON HALL 

 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES 

 
 HADDON HALL 
 
 HV THE LATE 
 
 LLEWELLYNN JEWITT, F.S.A. 
 
 ETC., ETC. 
 
 ILLUSTRATED WITH FIFTY ENGRAVINGS 
 
 (SMion 
 
 LONDON 
 
 J. S. VIRTUE & CO., LIMITED, 26, IVY LANK 
 
 PATERNOSTER RO\V 
 
 [All riy'lit.f
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED BY J. S. VIRTUE AND CO., LIMITBD. 
 CITY ROAD.
 
 DA 
 
 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Dorothy Vernon's Door I 
 
 Roman Milestone, Buxton 2 
 
 The " Peacock " at Rowsley 5 
 
 Arms of Vernon quartering A vcnell . . 7 
 
 Arms of Lord Vernon 9 
 
 Kaddon Hall, from near the Dovecote . .12 
 Interior of Gateway, with enormous Hoop 13 
 Kutrance Gateway, Haddon Hall, from the 
 
 Banks of the Wye 14 
 
 General Plan of Haddon Hall 15 
 
 Haddon Hall Principal Entrance . . .17 
 
 The Chaplain's Room 19 
 
 Norman Font in the Chapel 20 
 
 The Chapel, looking East 21 
 
 Wall-paintings in the Chapel 23 
 
 Steps to State Apartments 24 
 
 Grotesque Figures 25 
 
 Roman Altar, Haddon Hall 25 
 
 The Lower Courtyard, with Entrance to 
 
 the Banqueting-hall 26 
 
 Hand-lock in the Banqueting-hall . . .27 
 The Banqneting-hall, with the Minstrels' 
 
 Gallery 28 
 
 Old Oak Table in the Banqueting-hall . . 28 
 Galleried Passage to the Minstrels' Gallery 29 
 Oriel Window in the Dining-room ... 30 
 Ante-room to the Kail's Bed-clumber . . 32 
 
 Steps to the Ball-room, or Long Gallery . 33 
 
 The Ball-room, or Long Gallery .... 34 
 
 Dorothy Vernon's Door : Interior . . .35 
 
 ,, ,, Exterior ... 36 
 
 The State Bed-room 38 
 
 Archers' Room, for Stringing Bows, &c. . 39 
 
 Rack for Stringing Bows 40 
 
 Turret on the Top of the Eagle Tower . . 40 
 Screen in the Banqueting-hall . . . .41 
 
 Gallery across Small Yard 42 
 
 Room over the Entrance Gateway ... 43 
 Gateway under the Eagle Tower .... 44 
 
 The Foot-bridge 45 
 
 The Terrace 46 
 
 The South Front from the Terrace . . .47 
 Haddon Hall from the River Wye ... 48 
 
 Arms of Manners 49 
 
 Arms of Duke of Rutland 54 
 
 Ring found in the Grounds of Haddon Hall 55 
 Washing Tally found at Haddon Hall . . 56 
 "Dorothy Vernon's Porridge Pot ". . . 57 
 
 Bakewell Church 58 
 
 Monument of Sir John Manners and his 
 
 Wife, Dorothy Vernon . . . . . 61 
 Ancient Cross, Bakewell Churchyard . . 64 
 The High Tor, Matlock Bath .... 66 
 The Rutland Cavern, Matlock Bath . . .07 
 
 641518
 
 HADDON HALL 
 
 ADDON HALL is undoubtedly the most attrac- 
 tive, as it certainly is one of the most interesting, 
 of all the ancient mansions of England ; and 
 none throughout the length and breadth of the 
 land have been more fertile in subjects for the 
 artist or in theme for the writer. The walls oi 
 the Academy and of other galleries are hung 
 year by year with pictures and studies of old 
 Haddon, and poets innumerable have descanted 
 on its beauties and dilated on the historic stories 
 with which its history abounds. 
 
 Situate in one of the most picturesque, if not 
 literally the most beautiful, of our English Shires; 
 absolutely perfect as an example of the fine old 
 " baronial halls of our ancestors ; full of historical 
 and legendary interest ; rich in interesting archi- 
 tectural details, in carvings, in rare armorial 
 decorations, and in remains of the tapestry and 
 other " departed glories " of its former lords ; 
 surrounded by scenery of the most lovely de- 
 scription, and rendered easily accessible by road 
 and rail from every part of the kingdom, it is not 
 urprising that Haddon Hall is visited annually by "trousinds 
 and tens of thousands" of people, and that in Ameiica it is 
 regarded as one of the places in the " Old Country" which no 
 visitors, even for a week, to the classic land of their history, 
 should neglect to see, examine, and be prepared to converse 
 or write about on their return. Charmingly situated as it is in 
 a luxuriant and well-wooded vale, amid the grand old hills of 
 Derbyshire, with the lovely river Wye the attraction and 
 delight of all anglers running serpent-like in its progress at its base, Haddon is 
 indeed a place to be visited and to be enjoyed by people of intelligence ; it is a 
 place for the tourist to see and remember, and for the artist, the antiquary, the 
 historian, or the naturalist to linger at and enjoy.
 
 Hall. 
 
 1 1 ADDON HALL is distant about seven miles from Matlock Bath, one of ths 
 most delightful of places for a summer sojourn, and about twice that distance 
 from BUXTON, perhaps the most fashionable, as it certainly is the most cheerful, 
 and, we believe, the most healthful, of all the Baths of England. Its waters are 
 as efficacious, in certain ailments, as are those of Southern Germany ; while the 
 surrounding district is so grand and beautiful, so happily mingling the sublime 
 and the graceful, as to compete, and by no means unfavourably, with the hills 
 and vallc)s> that border the distant Rhine. 
 
 The poet, the novelist, the traveller, the naturalist, the sportsman, and the 
 antiquary have found appropriate themes in Derbyshire : in its massive rocks 
 " Tors," as they are locally called and deep dells ; its pasture lands on moun- 
 tain slopes ; its rapid, yet never broad, rivers, which delight the angler ; its crags 
 and caves ; its rugged and ragged or wooded steeps ; above all, its relics of 
 those earlier days when Briton, Roman, Saxon, and Norman held alternate 
 sway over the rich lands and prolific mines of this lavishly-endowed county ; and 
 
 of a later time, when shrewd monks planted them- 
 selves beside the clear streams and rich meadows, 
 to which they bequeathed magnificent ruins to tell 
 of intellectual and material power in the time of 
 their vigorous and prosperous strength. 
 
 Unequivocal evidence exists that the Romans 
 knew the curative properties of the Baths at Bux- 
 ton ; and it is almost certain, from the many Celtic 
 barrows and stone circles found in the neighbour- 
 hood, that a still earlier race was acquainted with 
 them. Probably, therefore, for more than a thou- 
 sand years Buxton has been one of the principal 
 " health-resorts ;| of this island. Yet few remains 
 of antiquity exist in the town. This dwelling, in 
 which was lodged Mary, Queen of Scots, on her 
 several visits, while in custody of the Earl of 
 Shrewsbury, and to which "good Queen Bess," 
 while sojourning at Kenilworth, sent the Earl of 
 Leicester, that he might drink of the healing waters 
 ''twenty days together," has been enclosed and 
 incorporated in the handsome and very commodious 
 hotel, still called the "Old Hall," which occupies the site; and immediately 
 behind it are the two springs the Saline and the Iron the Chalybeate and the 
 Tonic. On a window-pane of one of the rooms in this Old Hall, Mary, Queen 
 Scots, is said to have scratched the following touching and kindly farewell 
 the pane of glass having been preserved until recent years : 
 
 " Buxtona, CJUK calidae celebrare nomine lymphac, 
 Forte mihi posthac non adeunda, vale ! " 
 
 Amonpst the evidences of Buxton and its Baths being known to the Romans, 
 however, it may just be mentioned that an inscribed Roman milestone, of 
 
 Roman Milestone, Buxton.
 
 Tour from IJnxton. 
 
 which an engraving is here given, was found there, on the site of what is sup- 
 poaed to be the Roman station, and that considerable portions of the leaden 
 cisterns of Roman baths, with coins, fibulae, and other remains of that period, 
 have been at one time or other discovered. Remains of Roman roads are also 
 to be traced in the vicinity of the town. 
 
 Cheerfulness is the handmaid of health ; and although there are many patients 
 in and about Buxton, they do not seem to suffer much : there are more smiles 
 than moans in the Bath-rooms, and rheumatism is not a disease that makes much 
 outer show of anguish. 
 
 The grounds and gardens of the Buxton Improvement Company, with the 
 grand pavilion, central hall, concert hall, corridors, conservatories, and other 
 attractions, are made pleasant by music and flowers. The air is genial and 
 gentle, and yet " strong , " for Buxton is one of the most elevated of the towns 
 of England the lowest part of the town being one thousand feet above the level 
 of the sea. The baths are well ordered and well managed : the water, though it 
 be " mineral," is as clear as crystal ; and the draughts are to many as were those 
 of the Pool of Siloam. The records of " arrivals " at Buxton show how numerous 
 are the cities and towns that send invalids to its health-giving waters. We are 
 not, however, writing a guide to Buxton, or we might describe a score of objects, 
 curious, interesting, and instructive, within a walk or a short drive of the town, 
 to say nothing of its very comfortable hotels and lodging-houses. All we need 
 add for the information of the tourist from Buxton to Haddon is, that by means 
 of the Midland Railway he will reach Bakewell, some two miles and a half from 
 Haddon ; or Rowsley, which is scarcely two miles distant from it the line 
 running in a tunnel through the hill on which the Hall stands. There are 
 also coaches, waggonettes, and other conveyances making the journey, and 
 private carriages, at moderate charges, can always be had for this delightful 
 drive. 
 
 It would, indeed, be difficult to find in any part of the British dominions a 
 drive so grandly beautiful as that between Buxton and Haddon. Within 
 half a mile of its centre is "The Duke's Drive" (formed in 1795 by the 
 then Duke of Devonshire) : it runs through Ashwood Dale, passing the Lover's 
 Leap, and so on by Sherbrook ; but the line for Haddon traverses Ashwood 
 Dale, Miller's Dale, and Monsal Dale, passing at some little distance the 
 Lover's Leap and Chee-Tor stupendous crags, from the crevices of which 
 grow small trees, partially crowned and covered with ivy, ferns, and lichens 
 groups of varied foliage intervening, with, here and there, thick umbra^rous 
 woods, and the river Wye not the "sylvan Wye, thou wanderer through the 
 woods," of Wordsworth, but its namesake of lesser fame, though equal loveli- 
 ness, that has its source a mile or two north of Buxton journeying all the way, 
 until at Rowsley it joins the Denvent, from whence the blended waters, running 
 by Matlock, Belper, and Derby, flow into the Trent, and so make their way to 
 the sea. 
 
 To give a list of the several objects that delight the eye and mind during this 
 comparatively shoit distance would be to fill a volume instead of a page. The 
 
 l: 2
 
 If addon Hall. 
 
 naturalist, the botanist, and the geologist will find treasure-troves in any of the 
 surrounding hills and valleys ; while natural marvels abound, within a few miles, 
 in all directions such as Poole's Hole, the Blue-John Mine, the Ebbing and 
 Flowing Well, and the Peak Cavern, with its summit crowned by the fine old castle 
 of " Peveril of the Peak." Majestic Chatsworth to the interior of which, on 
 certain days, the people are admitted, the park being at all times freely open to all 
 comers * is distant about three miles from Haddon, across Manners Wood and 
 intervening hills : in short, there are a hundred places of deep interest within a 
 drive of Buxton, and if it be a long drive, Dovedalef the loveliest dale in 
 England is easily reached ; so, indeed, is far-famed Alton-Towers. 
 
 \Ve pass, on our way to Haddon, through the ancient town of Bakewell, to 
 the venerable parish church of which we shall, in due course, conduct the reader 
 for it contains some monuments of the VERNONS, lords of Haddon, and their 
 successors of the family of MANNERS and, winding through a rich and very 
 beautiful valley, we arrive in sight of Haddon Hall. 
 
 Before we enter this fine old Hall, however, we must ask the reader to glance 
 at another route to Haddon that which he will probably take if his tour be 
 made direct from London. 
 
 No doubt many visitors to Haddon will start from DERBY ; and if the road 
 from Buxton is charming, so also is that from the capital of the shire : it is more 
 open ; the vales are wider ; the views are more extensive ; there are the same 
 attractions of hill and dell, and rock and river ; cottages embosomed in foliage ; 
 church steeples seen among richly-clad trees ; clean and happy-looking villages ; 
 and distant towns, never indicated, except in one case that of Helper by the 
 chimneys and sullen shadows of manufactories. For more than twenty miles the 
 route is a continuation of scenic loveliness, such as, in its calm and quiet charm, 
 its simple grace, and all the attractions of home nature, can be found nowhere else 
 in the " wide wide world." Leaving Derby, and passing by the famous " 1 
 Head Cotton" manufactory of Messrs. Evans on the left, and Breadsall on the 
 right, the first station arrived at is Duffield, a delightful village, where was once 
 the castle of the Peverels, and so on to Belper, famous for its cotton-mills of the 
 Messrs. Strutt Then forward through a delightful country to the pleasant Junc- 
 tion of AMHKRGATE, from whence the railway runs by the picturesque village of 
 Cromford, the creation of one great man, Sir Richard Arkwright ; Matlock Bath, 
 with its pretty villa residences peeping from woods that clothe Abraham's Heights ; 
 Matlock Bridge, whose hillside is studded with hydropathic establishments; and 
 Darley Dale, with its interesting old church and grand old yew-tree, the 1. 
 in the kingdom, until the train stops at ROWSLEY. Of the scene, when lo< 
 across the beautiful valley from Stanton Woodhouse, Lord John Manners thus 
 feelingly writes: 
 
 * The "Chatsworth Hotel," at Kden-or, cl se by the park gates, a large and remarkably 
 well-appointed inn, will be found a desirable resting-place, either for a short or long visit, by 
 the tourist. 
 
 t The principal inns at Dovcdalc are the " Peveril of the Peak " and the "Izaac Walton ;" 
 t Ashbourne, the " Green Alan. '
 
 Rowsley. 
 
 Up Darley Dale the wanton wind 
 
 In careless measure sweeps, 
 And stirs the twinkling Derwent's tides, 
 
 Its shallows and its deeps. 
 
 * * * * 
 O'er distant Matlock's lofty Tor 
 
 A broken rainbow gleams, 
 While the last ray of parting day 
 
 Athwart the valley streams. 
 The waving woods that crown the banks 
 
 'Bove Chatsworth's gorgeous pile, 
 Repose in greenest gloom, nor catch 
 
 The sun's departing smile." 
 
 * * * * 
 
 The " Peacock " 
 
 The " Peacock " at Rowsley is one of the prettiest and plcasantcst inns in 
 "all England :" neat, well-ordered, clean, and comfortable, it maybe accepted as 
 a model. It has ever been in high favour with "brethren of the angle" long 
 before the neat and graceful railway station stood so near it that the whistle of 
 the train is audible a dozen times a day, and twice or thrice at night. The line 
 old bridge close at hand throws its arches across the Penvcnt ; neatly anil grace-
 
 IlnMon IlalL 
 
 fully trimmed gardens skirt the banks of that clear and bright river, into which 
 flows the Wye about a furlong oft ; and rivers, meadows, rocks and dells, and 
 hills and valleys " all round about," exhibit to perfection the peculiarities o f the 
 vale, so rich in the beautiful and the picturesque. The ''Peacock" is the nearest 
 inn to Haddon ; and here hundreds of travellers from all parts of the world have 
 found, not only a tranquil resting-place, but a cheerful home. We have thought it 
 well to picture it, and have placed at its doors one of the waggonettes that drive 
 hither and thither from Matlock, Buxton, and other places ; and the tourist may 
 rest assured that this pretty inn is indeed a place at which he may " rest, and be 
 thankful." * 
 
 At Rowsley the tourist is but about three miles from Chatsworth.t and two 
 miles from Haddon. A pleasant walk through the valley brings him in sight of 
 Haddon Hall ; and from this road he obtains, perhaps, the best view of it. 
 Partly hidden as it is by tall and full-leaved trees, its grandeur is not at once 
 apparent ; but the impression deepens as he ascends the steep pathway ami 
 pauses before the nail-studded door that opens into the courtyard. 
 
 Before we proceed to describe the HALL, however, it will be well to give our 
 readers some account of its former owners the VERNONS reserving, for the 
 present, the history of their successors, the illustrious family of MANNERS, from 
 their origin, as knights, to the period of their high elevation, as Earls and Dukes 
 of Rutland, and so down to the present time ; and also to put them in possession 
 of a brief sketch of its history. 
 
 The history of Haddon, unlike that of most of our ancient baronial residences, 
 has from the first been one of peace and hospitality, not of war and feud and 
 oppression ; and however much its owners may at one period or other have been 
 mixed up with the stirring events of the ages in which they lived, Haddon itself has 
 taken no part in the turmoils. It has literally been a stronghold, but it has been 
 the stronghold of home and domestic life, not of armed troops ; and it posse 
 therefore, an interest peculiarly its own. 
 
 At the time of taking the Domesday survey, when the manor of I>ake\vell 
 belonged to, and was held by, the king, Haddon was a berewite of the manor, 
 and there one carucate of land was claimed by Henry de Ferrars. Over-Haddon, 
 a village two or three miles off, on the hills, was also another berewite of the 
 same manor. To whom Haddon belonged. in the Saxon period is not clear ; so 
 that the first owner of which there is any distinct knowledge is this Henry de 
 Ferrars, who held it in 1086, and who, by grant of the Conqueror, held no less 
 than 114 manors in Derbyshire alone; built Duffield Castle; and founded the 
 Church of the Holy Trinity, near the Castle of Tutbury. 
 
 An album, kept at the inn, certains many distinguished names : among them is that of 
 the poet Longlellow ; also the (t avellinj;) name of Maximilian, sometime En.peior of Mexico, 
 \i-iio s,.cnt heie tl.c last night of his sleep in England, pievious to embarkation on his fatal 
 voyage. 
 
 t Fora full and profusely illustrated account of the "Palace of the Peak" see " Cliats- 
 \vnrth" by Llewellynn Jewilt, F.S.A. ; it contains every possible information for the visitor, 
 and is the only publication specially devoted to the sulject.
 
 Family of / ~cnion. 
 
 ADDON was, at a very early period, held, it is said, 
 by tenure of knight's service, by William Avenell, 
 who resided there, and held much land in the neigh- 
 bourhood. Of these, soon after the foundation" of 
 Roche Abbey in 1147, William de Avenell, Lord of 
 Haddon, gave to that establishment the Grange 
 of Oneash and its appurtenances. One of the 
 daughters and co-heiresses of William de Avenell, 
 Elizabeth, married Simon Bassett, of the fine old 
 family of Bassett, owners of much property in this 
 and the neighbouring counties ; and the other 
 married Richard de Vernon, and thus Haddon 
 passed into that noted family, of which we shall now 
 proceed to give some brief particulars. 
 
 The familyof Vernon is of very considerable antiquity, 
 and derives its name, as do many others in the baronage 
 of England, from its primitive domicile in Normandy 
 the chdtellenie of Vernon forming one of the territorial 
 subdivisions of that country, and the castle, with its 
 hereditary lords, being recorded in the Anglo-Norman 
 chronicles. According to the present territorial division 
 of France. Vernon is a commune in the department de 
 1'Eure and arrondissement d'Evreux; and, as being the 
 chef -lieu, gives name to the canton in which it is situate. 
 From this place, one of the most picturesque and luxu- 
 riant of the vine districts, the family of Vernon take their 
 origin ; and from them also is derived the fine old family 
 of De Redvers the two families, indeed, being originally 
 identical a name assumed by a Vernon in the eleventh 
 century from the place of his residence, Re'viers, in Nor- 
 mandy, and whose family were "Comtes des Re'viers and 
 Vernon, and Barons de Nehou," and both tracing from the D'lvry stock. Mauriscus 
 d'lvry (father of Robert d'lvry), who was father of Alselin Goel the names of 
 whose sons, Roger Pincerna, surnamed the "Stammerer," Lord of the Castle of 
 Grosseuvre ; William Lupellus (Lovel), who acquired the Castle of Ivry on the 
 death of his elder brother; and Robert Goel, are so well known in history had 
 a son, Baldwin, who took the surname of De Revers, from the place of his 
 residence ; and two generations later, William, the son of Richard, assumed the 
 name of Vernon, from the chatellenie of that name which he held. His son, 
 Hugh de Revers, or Vernon, usually called Hugh de Monachus, had a son, 
 William de Vernon, Lord of Vemon, who founded the Abbey of Montebourg. 
 By his wife, Emma, he had issue two sons, Walter and Richard ; the latter of 
 whom, Richard de Redvers, or Vemon, came over at the Conquest, and was 
 created Baron of Shipbroke in Cheshire. He married Adelixa, daughter of 
 William Peverel of Nottingham, and received with her in frank-marriage the 
 manor of Wolleigh, county Bucks. One of their sons, Baldwin de Redvers, 
 
 Arms of Vernon quartering 
 Avenell.
 
 8 Haddon Hall. 
 
 was created Earl of Devon, and from him descended the line of earls of that 
 name; while William de Redvers, who inherited the Norman baronies of 
 Vernon, Rdviers, and Nehou, reassumed the surname of Vernon from those 
 possessions. He had an only son and heir, Hugh de Vernon, Baron of 
 Shipbroke, who married a daughter of Raynold Badgioll, Lord of Krdeswicke 
 and Holgrave. By this lady he had a numerous issue; the eldest, Warm, 
 continuing the barony of Shipbroke ; Matthew, inheriting the lordships of Erdcs- 
 wicke and Holgrave, and ancestor of the Vernons of those places ; and Richard, 
 with whom we have now to do. This Richard de Vernon married Avice, the 
 daughter and co-heiress of William de Avenell, Lord of Haddon ; his other 
 daughter and co-heiress marrying Sir Simon Bassett By his marriage with this lady 
 Richard de Verron acquired Haddon and other estates, and thus became settled 
 at Haddon Hall. He had issue an only daughter and heiress, who married 
 Gilbert le Francis ; and their son, Richard le Francis, took the name of Vernon 
 on coming into the property, and settled at Haddon. He married Mary, daughter 
 of Robert, Baron of Stockport. His descendant, Sir Richard Vernon, Lord of 
 Haddon and of Appleby, &c., married Maude, daughter and co-heiress of William 
 de Camville, by whom he had an only son and heir, William Vernon, who was 
 only ten years of age at his father's death in 1422, when he was found heir to his 
 grandfather. In 1430 he obtained a grant of free warren from the king. He 
 married Joan, daughter of Rhees ap Griffith, and heiress of Richard Stackpole, 
 and had issue by her, Sir Richard Vernon, Knt., of Pembrugge (sometimes called 
 Sir Richard de Pembrugge), Lord of Haddon and Tonge, which latter lordship 
 he acquired by his marriage with the sister and heiress of Sir Fulke de Pembi 
 or Pembridge, Lord of Tong, in Shropshire. Their son, Richard Vernon 
 father of Richard Vernon, Treasurer of Calais, Captain of Rouen, and S] 
 in the Parliament at Leicester, in 1426. By his wife, Benedict, daughter of Sir 
 John Ludlow, of Hodnet, he had issue, with others, Sir William Vernon, Knt., 
 who, marrying Margaret, daughter of Sir Robert Pype, of Spernore, acquired that 
 manor and lordship. He was buried at Tonge, where a monument, as well as 
 one erected at Montebourg, was placed to his memory. 
 
 His son, or grandson, Sir Henry Vernon, was made Governor to Prince 
 Arthur by King Henry VII., with which monarch he was a great favourite. 1 le 
 married Anne, daughter of John, second Earl' of Shrewsbury, by Kli/abeth lUitler, 
 daughter of James, Earl of Ormond. By this marriage he had issue, Sir Henry 
 Vernon, who was made High Steward of the King's Forest in the Peak by 
 Henry VIII., and held many other posts. He had issue two sons, Sir Gi 
 Vernon and Sir John Vernon. Sir Henry died in 1515, and was succeeded by 
 the eldest of his sons, Sir George, " the King of the Peak," who succeeded to the 
 Haddon and other estates, as will be presently shown. 
 
 Sir John Vernon, Knt., married Helen, daughter and co-heiress of John 
 Montgomery, of Sudbury, in Derbyshire, with whom he received the Sudbury 
 and other estates, and thus founded the family of Lords Vernon. lie was one 
 pf the King's Council in Wales, and Custos Rotulorum of Derbyshire, and dying 
 in 1540. was buried at Clifton Camville. He was succeeded by his son, Henry 
 vernon, who, in his turn, was succeeded by his son, John Vernon, who married
 
 Family of Vernon. 
 
 Mary, widow of Walter Vernon, of Houndhill, and daughter of Sir Edward Littleton, 
 of Pillaton Hall, by whom, however, he had no issue. On his death in 1600, 
 the estates passed to his stepson, Edward Vernon, the eldest son of his wife by 
 her former husband, the family consisting of three surviving sons Edward, 
 Thomas, and Walter and four daughters. By this lady, while a second time a 
 widow, Sudbury Hall is said to have been erected. Edward Vernon was succeeded 
 by his son, Henry Vernon, who married the sole daughter of Sir George Vernon, 
 of Haslington, in Cheshire, and by her had issue a son, George, who succeeded 
 him. This George Vernon was thrice married : first to Margaret, daughter of 
 Edward Onely, by whom he had no issue ; and, third, to Catherine, daughter of 
 Sir Thomas Vernon, Knt., merchant of London. By thir. lady he had a numerous 
 family, and was succeeded by his eldest and sole-surviving son and heir, Henry 
 Vernon, who married, first, Anne, sole daughter of Thomas Pigott, Esq., and 
 heiress of her mother, who was sister and sole heiress of Peter Venables, last 
 Baron Kinderton; and, second, Matilda, daughter of Thomas Wright, Esq., of 
 Longston. Henry Vernon, who thus inherited the estates of the Venables, 
 assumed that surname in addition to his own. He had issue by his first wife, 
 among others, a son, George Venables-Vernon, by whom he was succeeded. 
 George Venables-Vernon married three times. By 
 his first wife, the Hon. Mary Howard, daughter and 
 co-heiress of Thomas Howard, sixth Lord Howard 
 of Effingham, he had issue a son, the second Lord 
 Vernon, and a daughter, Mary, married to George 
 Anson, of Orgrave, the father of the first Viscount 
 Anson. By his second wife, Anne, daughter of Sir 
 Thomas Lee, he had no issue ; but by his third 
 wife, Martha, sister to Simon Harcourt, first Earl 
 Harcourt, he had a numerous family, as will be 
 
 rr,i /", -IT- i i -IT Arms of Lord Vernon, 
 
 shown. 1 his George Venables-Vernon was created 
 
 Baron Vernon of Kinderton in 1762, and at his death was succeeded in his titles 
 and estates by the eldest son of his first marriage, George Venables-Vernon, as 
 second Lord Vernon, who married, first, the Hon. Louisa Barbarina, daughter of 
 Bussey, Lord Mansell, by whom he had an only daughter, who died unmarried ; 
 and, second, to Georgiana, daughter of William Fanquier, Esq., by whom he had 
 also an only daughter, Georgiana, married to Lord Suffield. His lordship was suc- 
 ceeded in title and estates by his brother, the Hon. Henry Vernon, as third Lord 
 Vernon. This nobleman whose brother Edward took the surname of Harcourt, and 
 became Archbishop of York, and one of whose sisters, as has been shown, married 
 the father of the first Viscount Anson, and another, Elizabeth, became the wife of 
 George Simon, second Lord Harcourt married twice. By his first wife, Elizabeth 
 K.ebecca Anne, daughter of Charles Sedley, Esq., of Nuttall, his lordship had 
 issue two daughters (one of whom, the Hon. Catherine, died unmarried ; and the 
 other, the Hon. Louisa Henrietta, married the Rev. Brooke Boothby, Prebendary 
 of Southwell), and one son, George Charles Venables-Vernon, who succeeded 
 him as fourth Lord Vernon. This nobleman married, in 1802, Frances Maria, 
 daughter and heiress of Sir John Borlasc Warren, Bart., K.B., of Stapleford, by
 
 10 Haddon Hail. 
 
 whom he had issue, the Hon. George John Venables-Vernon, fifth Lord Vernon, 
 who assumed the surname of Warren by sign-manual in 1837, for himself and the 
 children only who should be born after that date. His lordship married twice : 
 first to Isabella Caroline, eldest daughter of Cuthbert Ellison, Esq., M.P., by 
 whom he had issue the present Lord Vernon, the Hon. William John Borlase 
 Warren Venables-Vernon, who assumed the additional surname of Warren, and 
 three daughters; and, second, in 1859, his cousin, Frances Maria Emma, 
 daughter of the Rev. Brooke Boothby, who still survives him, without issue. 
 Lord Vernon, as the Hon. George John Vernon, was M.P. for Derbyshire from 
 1830 until, on the death of his father, he entered the Upper House. He was 
 one of the most energetic supporters of the rifle movement, being himself the 
 most skilful rifle-shooter of his day, carrying off the principal prizes at the various 
 Swiss Tirs, as well as elsewhere. As a scholar his lordship ranked very high, 
 and the " Dante," edited by him, is the most sumptuous work of its kind ever 
 attempted. Lord Vernon died in 1866, and was succeeded by his eldest son, 
 the Hon. Augustus Henry Venables-Vernon, as sixth Lord Vernon, the present 
 peer, who was born in Rome in 1829, and was Captain in the Scots Fusilier 
 Guards, and Captain Commandant of the Second Battalion of Derbyshire Rifle 
 Volunteers. His lordship married, in 1851, Lady Harriet Anson, daughter of 
 the Earl of Lichfield, by whom he has issue two sons and four daughters. 
 
 Having now shown the descent of the Lords Vemon from the old Lords of 
 Haddon, we return to the "King of the Peak "Sir George Vernon and his 
 heiresses. Sir George was, as we have shown, elder brother of Sir Henry Vernon, 
 from whom the Lords Vernon are descended. He succeeded to the estates on 
 the death of his father in 1515, and, at the time of his death in 1567, was 
 possessed of no less than thirty manors in Derbyshire alone. He was married 
 twice : first to Margaret, daughter of Sir Gilbert Taylebois, Knt. ; and, second, to 
 Maude, daughter of Sir Ralph Langford, by whom he had no issue. He had 
 issue by his first wife two daughters, his co-heiresses, Margaret and Dorothy, 
 whose husbands inherited his immense possessions. Margaret Vernon married 
 Sir Thomas Stanley, Knt, of Winwick in Lancashire, second son of Edward 
 Stanley, third Earl of Derby ; and Dorothy Vernon, whose name has become a 
 household word, married Sir John Manners, Knt, second son of Thomas 
 Manners, Earl of Rutland, and direct ancestor of the present Duke of Rutland. 
 
 Sir George Vernon lived at Haddon in such a style of princely magnificence 
 and hospitality as to earn for himself the title all around of " King of the Peak." 
 It is said that he was one of the most generous and hospitable, as well as just 
 and strict of men, although given, perhaps, to undue severity and to an indul- 
 gence in " Lynch law," and that he lived and died in the " good esteem " of most 
 
 men. 
 
 One tradition, briefly told, will sufficiently illustrate the firmness and decision 
 of his character, and the power he held over the actions and even the lives of the 
 people around him. It is related that a pedlar who had been hawking his wares 
 jn the neighbourhood was found murdered in a lonely spot He had ly"ji seen 
 the evening before to enter a cottage, and never afterwards seen alive. As soon 
 as Sir George became aware of the fact of the crime having been committed, he
 
 Dorothy Vcnion. : i 
 
 had the body of the pedlar removed to Haddon, laid in the hall, and covered 
 with a sheet. He then sent for the cottager to come immediately, and, on hia 
 arrival, at once questioned him as to where the pedlar was who was seen to enter 
 his house the night before. The man denied having seen him or knowing any- 
 thing about him, when Sir George uncovered the body before him, ordering that 
 all persons present should touch the body in succession, at the same time 
 declaring their innocence of the murder. The suspected man, when his turn 
 came, declined to touch the body, and instantly rushed out of the Hall, and 
 made his way, "as fast as his legs could carry him," through Bakewell and 
 towards Ashiord. Sir George instantly ordered his men to mount and follow 
 him, and to hang him wherever they caught him. The murderer was caught in 
 a field opposite the present toll-bar at Ashiord, and at once hanged, and the field 
 still bears the name of the " Gallows Acre," or " Galley Acre." Sir George is 
 said to have been cited to London for this extraordinary piece of Lynch law, and 
 when he appeared in court he was summoned twice to surrender as " the King 
 of the Peak." To these he made no reply, and the third time he was called on 
 as Sir George Vernon, vhen he stepped forward and acknowledged himself 
 " Here am I ! " Having been summoned as the " King of the Peak," the indict- 
 ment fell through, and Sir George was admonished and discharged. Sir George 
 Vernon is buried in Bakewell Church, where a remarkably fine and well-pre- 
 served altar-tomb bears the recumbent effigies of himself and his two wives. 
 
 Dorothy Vernon, the younger daughter and co-heiress of Sir George, and 
 over whom such a halo of romantic interest rests, was married to Sir John 
 Manners before 1567. It is said that she was one of the most beautiful of all 
 beautiful women, and possessed of so sweet a temper, that she was idolised by 
 all who knew her. If it were so, however, the monument at Bakewell does not 
 fairly represent her, for it exhibits her with an expression of countenance far 
 from either amiable or attractive. The story of her life, according to popular 
 belief, is, that while her elder sister, fortunate in an open attachment to Sir 
 Thomas Stanley, the son of the Earl of Derby, and, becoming his affianced bride, 
 was petted and " made much of," she, the younger, was kept in the background, 
 having formed a secret attachment to John Manners, son of the Earl of Rutland 
 an attachment which was opposed by her father, sister, and step-mother ; she 
 was, therefore, closely watched, and kept almost a prisoner. Her lover is said to 
 have disguised himself as a woodman, or forester, and to have remained in hiding 
 in the woods around Haddon for several weeks, in order to obtain stolen glances 
 of, and occasional brief meetings with, Dorothy. At length, on a festive night 
 at Haddon tradition states it to have been on one of the " merry meetings " 
 consequent on the marriage of her sister Margaret Dorothy is said to have 
 stolen away unobserved in the midst of the merriment, and to have quietly 
 passed out of the door of the ante-room on to the terrace, which she crossed, and 
 having ascended the steps on the other side, or, as is also asserted, run down 
 the steps from the terrace, across the lawn, and so down to the foot-bridge, 
 her lover's arms received her ; horses were in waiting, and they rode oft in the 
 moonlight all through the night, and were married in Leicestershire the next 
 morning. The door through which the heiress eloped is always pointed out to
 
 12 
 
 I lad don IlalL 
 
 visitors as " Dorothy Vernon's Door." This we have shown in our initial letter 
 on the first page. 
 
 Thus the Derbyshire estates of Sir George Vernon passed to John Manners, 
 and thus it was that the noble house of Rutland became connected with Haddon 
 and the county of Derby. 
 
 John Manners, the husband of Dorothy Vernon, was knighted shortly after 
 his marriage. They had issue three sons : Sir George Manners, who succeeded 
 to the estates ; John Manners, who died in 1 590, aged fourteen ; and Sir Roger 
 Manners of Whitwell, who died in 1650; and one daughter, Grace, who became 
 
 Uaddon Hall, from near ttie Difvecoie. 
 
 the wife of Sir Francis Fortescue. Dorothy died in 1584, and her husband in 
 1611. They were both buried in Bakewell Church, where their monument will 
 no doubt be looked upon with interest by all visitors to the district. The 
 genealogy of the family of Manners, however, we reserve for a later portion of 
 our Guide. Haddon continued to be one of the residences of this branch of the 
 Manners family, ennobled in 1641 by the inheritance of the Rutland peerage, 
 until they quitted it about 1699 for Belvoir Castle. 
 
 The HALL stands on a natural elevation a platform of limestone above
 
 Lower Courtyard. 
 
 the eastern bank of the Wye. The river is crossed by a pretty, yet venerable, 
 bridge, passing which, we are at the foot of the rock, immediately fronting the 
 charming cottage which is the lodge of the custodian who keeps the keys. In 
 the garden we make our first acquaintance with the boar's head and the peacock 
 shaped of late years from growing yew-trees the crests of the families whose 
 dwelling we are about to enter. This cottage adjoins the old stables; then- 
 antiquity is denoted by several sturdy buttresses. To the right of the great 
 entrance-door are the steps placed there long ago to assist ladies in mounting 
 their steeds, when ladies used to travel sitting on a pillion behind the rider. The 
 custom is altogether gone out ; but in our younger days not only did the farmer's 
 wife thus journey to market, but dames of distinction often availed themselves of 
 that mode of visiting, carrying hood and farthingale, and hoop also, in leathern 
 panniers at their sides, and jewels for adornment in caskets on their laps. 
 
 The visitor now stands before the old gateway, with its massive nail-studded 
 door, and will note the noble flight of freestone steps, where time and use have 
 left the marks of frequent footsteps. Indeed, the top step just opposite the 
 small entrance wicket in the larger door is actually worn through in the shape 
 of a human foot. He will also notice the extreme beauty 
 and elegance of design of the Gothic architecture of this 
 part of the building, and the heraldic bearings with 
 which it is decorated. Beneath the entrance archway 
 on the right is the guard-room of the " sturdy porter" of 
 old times. His " peep-hole " is still there, the framework 
 of his bedstead, and the fire-place that gave him comfort 
 when keeping watch and ward. 
 
 After mounting the inner steps, the visitor passes 
 into the first, or lower, courtyard, and will not fail to 
 notice the remarkable character of the splaying and 
 chamfering of the building in the angle over the inner 
 archway. This is one of the most remarkable features 
 in the building. Its strange character is to some extent 
 occasioned by the winding of a double spiral stone stair- 
 case leading to the tower over the entrance archway. The inside of this gate- 
 way, with the enormous hoop hanging on the wall, said to have belonged to a 
 mash-tub, is shown in our vignette. 
 
 Having entered the lower courtyard, the visitor at once perceives that Haddon 
 consists of two courtyards, or quadrangles, with buildings surrounding each. 
 Immediately opposite the gateway are the stone steps that lead to the state apart- 
 ments ; to the right is the chapel, and to the left the HALL proper, with its 
 minstrels' gallery and other objects of curious some of unique interest, all of 
 which we shall treat of in due course. The general arrangement will be best 
 understood by the ground-plan, which, however, requires some explanation. 
 
 On account of the abruptness of the slope on which Haddon is built, it stands 
 so unevenly, that a horizontal line drawn from the ground in the archway under 
 the Pevcrel, or Kagle, or King John's Tower, as it has been variously (ailed, 
 would pass 07'er the archway of the lower, or north-west entrance from the old
 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 park. Consequently, that archway, the porter's lodge, and entrance to the spiral 
 staircase on its right hand, and on the left the two rooms entered from the walk 
 behind the partition wall, and before mounting the steps, form what may, looking 
 at it in that light, be called a basement story, to which also belongs the cellar, 
 entered by a flight of fourteen steps descending from the buttery. Lysons, in 
 his " Magna Britannia," vol. v., engraves, first, a basement plan, comprising the 
 entrance archway and the low rooms above alluded to ; second, a ground-plan ; 
 third, a plan of the upper floor, including the ball-room and other state-rooms ; 
 
 Entrance Gateway, Haddon Hall, from the Banks of the Wye. 
 
 and the numerous bed-rooms and other apartments on the north and west sides. 
 These plans are extremely correct and minute : it transpires from letters in the 
 MS correspondence (Addit. MS. 9423, British Museum), that they were made 
 by the surveyor of the late duke, to illustrate a little privately-printed account of 
 Haddon, written by himself, and were lent to Lysons for his work by D'Ewes 
 Coke, Esq., barrister-at-law, then steward to the duke. The designations given 
 by Lysons to the apartments are, therefore, probably correct. From his lists, and 
 a curious catalogue of the apartments at Haddon, date 1666, we gather the general 
 inference that the rooms on the west side of the lower court were, in the latter
 
 General Arrangement. 
 
 o 
 
 days of its occupation, devoted to the officials of the household ; those on the 
 entire south side were the state-rooms ; those on the east side of the upper court 
 were the family apartments the bed-rooms extending down to the intersection 
 
 General Plan of I fad Jon Hall. 
 
 of the lower court ; those over the front archway, &c., were the nursery apart- 
 ments ; and the library is believed to have occupied the rooms between these 
 and the entrance tower.
 
 1 6 Haddon Hall. 
 
 There are second-floor apartments, not planned in Lysons, over the 
 Tower and its adjoining rooms, and over one half of the north side, from that 
 tower to the junction of the courts. Also solitary second-floor rooms in the 
 lower Entrance Tower, Central Tower, and over the staircase leading to the ball- 
 room. There is but one third-floor room ; it is in the Eagle Tower, and is the 
 highest apartment in the Hall. 
 
 The plan we engrave on the preceding page will be found the most useful to 
 visitors. It gives the ground-plan irrespective of levels (which would only be 
 bewildering to the tourist), with the exception of the slightly-elevated ball-room 
 and state-rooms in the upper courtyard. In fact, from even these being entered 
 from the terrace, the whole of the plan we have prepared may, for general pur- 
 poses, be said to be that of the ground-floor. 
 
 On the east side there are but slight differences between the ground-floor and 
 first-floor rooms, excepting those over the kitchen and adjoining offices, and over 
 the central archway. On the south side the differences are material. The ball- 
 room covers six ground-floor cellar-rooms. The drawing-room is over the dining- 
 room ; and the earl's bed-chamber and other rooms are over the long narrow 
 ground-floor passages between that and the chapel, and the narrow room by the 
 curtain wall. On the west side also the arrangement differs considerably. 
 
 Some portions of the building are of undoubted Norman origin, and it is not 
 unlikely that even they were grafted on a Saxon erection. Norman remains will 
 be noticed in the chapel, and therefore it is certain that that portion of the 
 building, as well as others which could be pointed out, is the same as when 
 the place was owned by the Peverels and Avenells. Before the year 1199, John, 
 Marl of Morteigne, afterwards King John, by writ directed to his justices, sheriiK 
 bailiffs, ministers, and all his lieges, granted a license to Richard de Vern.m to 
 fortify his house of Haddon with a wall to the height of twelve feet, without 
 kernel (or crenelle, which was an open parapet or battlement with embrasures 
 or loopholes to shoot through), and forbidding his being disturbed in so 
 doing. This interesting license, now in possession of the Duke of Rutland, is 
 as follows : " Johannes Com. Moret. justic. vicecom, baillivis, ministris, ct 
 omnibus fklelibus suis salutem. Sciatis me concessisse et licensiam dedisse Ric, 
 de Vern. firmandi domum suum de Heddon, muro exaltato xij pedibus sine 
 kernello, et idem prohibeo nequis vcstrum eum inde disturbed Test. Rob. 
 de Mara apud Clipstpn." It is endorsed " Breve patens Com. Johannis." 
 
 The earliest portions of the buildings of Haddon now remaining appear to 
 be a part of the chapel, and lower portions of the walls of the south Iront .iml 
 of the north-east tower, and the room behind the screen in the lower courtyard. 
 To the next period, from 1300 to about 1380 (according to Duesbury), 1) 
 the hall-porch, the magnificent kitchen and adjoining offices, the great, or banquet- 
 ing, hall, the lower west window and north arcade of the chapel, part of the north- 
 east tower, and part of the cellarage under the long gallery. In the third period, 
 from about 1380 to 1470, were added the east and part of the west end of the 
 chapel, and the remaining buildings on the east side of the upper courtyard. 
 The fourth period, from 1470 to 1530, comprises the fittings and interior finish- 
 ings of the dining-room, the western range of buildings in the lower court, and 

 
 General Arrangement. 
 
 the west end of the north range. The fifth period, from about 1530 to 1624 
 seems to comprise alterations in the upper courtyard, the long gallery, and terrace 
 and gardens; the pulpit, desk, and pews in the chapel ; and the barn and bowling- 
 green. The juxtaposition of the kitchen and great hall show that they belong to 
 the same period. The alterations since that period appear mainly to have been 
 necessary repairs. 
 
 The principal apartments of Haddon Hall are the Chapel; the Great, or 
 Banqueting, Hall, with the Minstrels' Gallery and passage gallery occupying 'two 
 
 Haddon Hall Principal Entrance. 
 
 sides of it ; the Dining-room ; the Drawing-room ; the Earl's Bed-room and 
 adjoining suite of rooms ; the Ball-room, or Long Gallery ; the Ante-room, from 
 which Dorothy Vernon's door opens on to the terrace ; the State Bed-room ; 
 the ancient State-room, or Page's Room ; the Kitchens ; and the Kugle, or 
 Peverel, or King John's Tower. 
 
 The entrance in this latter tower was the principal entrance to the Hall, and 
 communicated with Rowsley and P.akexvell by an old road which still exists. It 
 was the only entrance by which horsemen or carriages could enter the Hall.
 
 1 8 Iladdonllall. 
 
 The gateway by which visitors now enter being intended only for foot approach, 
 mounted guests had to leave their horses at the gate. 
 
 This entrance the one by which the visitor of the present day, like those of 
 centuries ago, is admitted into the interior of Haddon we have engraved on the 
 previous page. 
 
 Entering by this gateway, and noticing the huge hoop which hangs on the 
 wall to his right, the visitor enters, as we have already said, the first, or lower, 
 courtyard, and will see around him the chief features of this once gay but now 
 deserted mansion grand in its solitude, and attractive in its very loneli; ; 
 and as he passes on from court to court, from room to room, from chamber to 
 chamber, or from tower to tower, and peoples them in his imagination with the 
 beings who have " lived and moved and had their being" there, he is ready to 
 say : 
 
 " Pleasant to see is this English hall 
 
 Of the olden time, on a summer's day, 
 
 Turret and tower, and buttress and wall 
 
 Shining and shadowed in green and grey. 
 
 Strange to think of those times of old. 
 
 And of those who lived there, only a tale, 
 
 Doubtingly, dimly, guessed and told, 
 
 Of chatelaines fair and of knights in mail, 
 
 Though the place remains where they lived and died, 
 
 Seen, as they saw it, by you and me, 
 
 The scenes of their lives, of their griefs and their piide 
 
 Telling its tale unmistakably. 
 
 The light still shines through the latticed pane 
 
 As it shone to them, and the shadowed door 
 
 Is the shadow they saw, and the stains remain 
 
 Of the wine they spill'd on the da'is floor. 
 
 The river that runs by the old Hall's walls 
 
 Murmured to them as it murmurs now ; 
 
 The golden glow of the sunset falls, 
 
 As it fell for them, on glade, river, and bough : 
 
 The hall where they feasted, the church where they prayed, 
 
 Their cradles, and chambers, and gravestones, stay ; 
 
 "\\ hile lord and vassal, youth and maid, 
 
 Knight and lady, have passed away." 
 
 The first room usually shown to visitors is the so-called CHAPLAIN'S ROOM, the 
 first door on the right, after mounting the steps into the lower court. Jn this 
 small room, and in the closet attached" to it, several objects of interest are 
 preserved. Among these are a pair of remarkably fine fire-dogs, a warder's horn, 
 gigantic jack-boots, a thick leathern doublet, some matchlocks, and some p< 
 dishes. The cradle, until recently kept in this apartment, is now placed by the 
 side of the state bed in the " State Bed-chamber." In this room, a few years ago, 
 a remarkably curious and interesting washing-tally, engraved and described in the 
 " Reliquary," was found behind the wainscoting. It is engraved on a later \ 
 
 The CHAPEL, which, alter the so-called " CHAPLAIN'S ROOM," is the first j 
 of the interior of Haddon Hall shown to visitors, is, as will be seen by refen 
 to the ground-plan, at the south-west corner of the building. It consists, at 
 present, of a nave with side ai.sles and a chancel, and is entered from the court-
 
 The CJiapel. 19 
 
 yard by an arched doorway opening into a small ante-chapel, or vestibule, 
 through which the visitor passes. At the entrance is a stoup, or holy-water basin, 
 and a staircase from the east end of the north aisle leads up to the rood-loft and 
 turret. The arches and pillars of the nave are Norman ; but the arches have 
 been cut from their original semicircular to their present pointed form, and the 
 fine and highly characteristic capitals of the pillars cut and " shaved " down, and 
 altered in character. Sufficient of these capitals, however, remains to show what 
 was their original design. At the west end of the south aisle is a remarkably 
 fine and large vestment chest of very thick timber, having carved on its front 
 two shields of arms. 
 
 The Chaplain's Room. 
 
 Against one of the pillars is a circular Norman font of massive construction 
 (see next page), on which is a curiously-constructed cover. The chancel is 
 raised a little above the nave ; and on each side is a large high pew. with open 
 railings in its upper portions. These have been used by the noble families who 
 have inhabited the place ; and the carved panels, and the traces of gilding and 
 colour they contain, show, along with the remains of paintings on the wills 
 (which are of an earlier date than the pews), how magnificent must have "been 
 this place of worship in its palmy days.
 
 2O 
 
 Hadtlon Hall. 
 
 The chapel consists of a nave with two aisles of unequal width, and a 
 chancel. The entire length of the chapel is 49 feet, the chancel being 28 feet 
 long, and the nave 2 1 feet. Each aisle has an arcade of two pointed arches. 
 
 The entrance to the chapel is on the north side, near to the west end. The 
 different parts of the chapel appear to be of about the following dates, viz. : The 
 south aisle, and centre circular column of its arcade, A.D. 1 1 60. The five windows 
 of this aisle are each of a single light, and pointed. The capital of the circular 
 column of the arcade has been cut so as to fit the arches subsequently erected 
 
 over it. The lower west window, and 
 the north aisle (except the doorway), 
 and the north arcade, are about A.D. 
 1310. A window of this aisle formerly 
 existed to the east of the doorway, but 
 was blocked up when a staircase was 
 made in the vestibule of the chapel, to 
 give access to a small room. The 
 chancel, the clerestory of the nave, and 
 the south arcade, except the circular 
 column, are of about 1425, at which 
 time the glass of the east window was 
 put in by Richard Vernon, as recorded 
 in an inscription on the window itself. 
 The bell-turret is supposed to have 
 been erected by William, son of Richard 
 Vernon, about 1455. The letter W, 
 supposed to be his initial, is carved on 
 the outside of its wall, toward the court- 
 yard. The blocking up of the window 
 of the north aisle, and the construction 
 of the entrance doorway, may be of the 
 same date. William Vernon married 
 Margaret de Pype ; and the Pype arms 
 are on one of the south windows of the 
 chancel. 
 
 The partial removal of the white- 
 wash of the chapel walls in 1858 lol 
 to several discoveries of the former 
 arrangements of the building, and of the 
 coloured decorations of the walls ; and, were it desirable, a complete restoration 
 of the interior to its former state would not be difficult. 
 
 There were two altars in the chapel one at the east end, as usual, and one 
 under the east window of the south aisle. This latter was, no doubt, a chantry. 
 The stone slabs which formed the tops of the altars still exist, and arc raised, to the 
 extent of their thickness, above the floor : the east altar-stone is 8 feet by 3 fret, 
 and is 8 inches thick, the edge being a fillet of 3 inches, and a chamfer ; the sur- 
 face is so decayed that only one of its original five crosses patio- now remains. 
 
 Km man Font in the Chapel.
 
 The 
 
 2T 
 
 The altar-stone of the south aisle is 5 feet 6 inches by 2 feet 6 inches, the ed<*e 
 showing a fillet and chamfer. The five crosses pattee on it are still perfect. The 
 piscina in the chancel still remains, recessed in a fenestella. 
 
 The sill of the south window, near the altar, is low, so as to form a sediha 
 bench. In the middle of the sloping sill of the east window a step has been cut, 
 
 The Chapel, looking East, 
 
 no doubt for the crucifix to stand on ; and on each side of it is a similar step, 
 probably for candlesticks. On the east wall, on each side of the window, is a 
 stone bracket, probably to support an image. 
 
 On the cast wall of the south aisle there is a bracket with a grotesque head, 
 
 which was probably intended to support a figure. Thctv aiv sipis of a
 
 Iladdon Hall. 
 
 bracket having existed on the north side of the altar ; and the base mould of a 
 small column, which possibly supported its front edge, may be seen on a block 
 of stone rising above the pavement. 
 
 A very remarkable squint was discovered and reopened in 1859 in the 
 south-west angle of the chancel, through which a view of the priest officiating at 
 the chantry altar could be obtained from the rood-loft above. 
 
 In the wall, opposite to this squint, is a doorway, which gave passage from 
 the bell-turret to the rood-loft. The sill of this doorway is 13 feet 9 inches above 
 the chapel floor. The bell itself is now (1871) in use at the new church at 
 Rowsley. It had been taken down from the turret many years ago. 
 
 Two fragments of the open-work of the rood-screen may be seen in the west 
 ends of the chancel pews. They are carved in oak. 
 
 The font, which is round and perfectly plain, is of the Norman period, and 
 probably of the same date as the early part of the chapel. It is not in its original 
 position. The stoup for holy water is near the entrance door of the chapel. 
 
 The windows are not architecturally remarkable, but the glass is deserving of 
 careful attention. It gives an excellent example of very good effect produced 
 by very simple means, and excluding very little light from the interior. Each 
 principal light in the east window, and each light in the head, has a single figure. 
 The drawing, both in expression and in the grace of the drapery, is often very 
 good. Yellow stain is extensively employed, but otherwise colour is sparingly 
 though very effectively, used. There are no canopies or other architectural 
 accessories. The quarries, forming the groundwork of the windows, come 
 close up to the figures. There are eight patterns of quarries remaining, besides 
 six birds, each of a different form. Most of these patterns are good, and the 
 whole of them may be found in the east window, except one which is in the 
 south-west window of the chancel. 
 
 The east window has five lights. Much of the glass has been destroyed 
 what remains was re-leaded in 1858, and arranged according to the originaj 
 design. No new coloured glass was introduced, but some old quarries were 
 collected from other windows of the chapel, and placed in the east window to 
 complete the groundwork. In the centre light the figure of our Saviour on the 
 cross is nearly perfect. In the next light, on either side, is a figure more or less 
 mutilated, ajid each has lost the head. One of them represents the Virgin ; the 
 other appears to be St. John, though, apparently through some mistake of the 
 artist, he has the emblems of St. John the Baptist. The figures of the two . 
 lights are entirely gone. The emblems of two of the evangelists remain. In the 
 lights of the head are figures of saints, generally well drawn. Below the 
 principal figures of this window are three shields of arms, supported by an-ds, 
 gracefully drawn. These arms are, argent, a lion rampant gules, ducally crowned, 
 or; argent, fretty, sable, a canton of the first ; and another shield, the bearing on 
 which has been lost. At the bottom of the window are the remains of an 
 inscription to Sir Richard Vernon and Benedict Ludlow his wife, as follows : 
 Orate pro aiabus Ricardi Vernon et Bencdidte uxoris eius qui feccrunt and dJii 
 mUesimo ccccxxvn. This Sir Richard Vernon, who was born in 1391, and 
 succeeded his father in 1401, married Benedict, daughter of Sir John Ludlow
 
 The Chapel. 23 
 
 of Hodnet, and died in 1451. He was " Treasurer of Calais, Captain of Rouen, 
 and Speaker of the Parliament of Leicester, in the fourth year of Henry VI. in 
 1426." Above the crucifix are the royal arms, quarterly, first and fourth France, 
 second and third England. In the outer lights are a knight kneeling at a table, 
 and fragments of an ecctesiastic. 
 
 The flat-headed windows on each side of the altar, in the north and south 
 sides of the chancel, have each three principal lights, and six lights in the heads, 
 each containing the figure of an apostle, effectively drawn. 
 
 The centre light of the north window has a figure of the Virgin being taught 
 to read by St. Anne. To the right of this, as we face the window, is the figure 
 
 Wall-paintings in the Chapel. 
 
 of St. George slaying the dragon, and in the other light is the figure of St. Michael 
 trampling on a six-headed dragon. Beneath there are three mutilated shields of 
 arms of Vernon, &c., and in the bottom of the window are the remains of a 
 candlestick or hour-glass stand. In the south window are the arms of Pype, 
 azure, crucilly of cross-crosslets and two pipes in pale, or; and those of 
 Vernon, argent, fretty, sable, on the dexter side of an impaled shield, the 
 impalement on which is lost. Over the arms of Pype is the fragment of the 
 original inscription, reading " Margareta Pype, vxo." 
 
 The mural decorations, of which traces have been found, are of various 
 character and of much interest. The oldest fragments are two running patterns,
 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 of good design. One is on the arches of the north arcade, and of the same date 
 as the stonework on which it appears, viz., about 1310. The other, which seems 
 to be of the same age, is on one of the jambs of the east window of the south 
 aisle, over the altar. In this window there are traces of a figure, now almost 
 entirely destroyed. Over the arches of the nave there are traces of two different 
 designs, one on each wall. Both are much defaced. On the west wall of the 
 nave there is a design consisting of a running pattern of rose branches and 
 leaves, with red flowers of five petals. The stems and leaves are shaded grey 
 
 and black. Traces of the same design 
 have been found on the walls of the 
 south aisle, and on the jambs of its 
 west window. The date of this rose 
 pattern is probably about 1427, when 
 the glass of *hp east window of the 
 chancel was put in. 
 
 There is a pattern of green and dull 
 red on the east wall of the chancel, and 
 on the south wall is a very similar pat- 
 tern, which enclosed four groups of 
 figures, two on each side of the window 
 over the sedilia bench. There is no 
 border surrounding each group, but 
 merely the diaper pattern. They are 
 probably of the same date as the glass 
 in the east window. The figures of 
 these groups are generally effectively 
 drawn, though with occasional exagge- 
 ration and distortion. They are in 
 distemper on the plaster, and are black, 
 with the exception of some dresses, 
 which are green. There are scrolls to 
 each group, corresponding with the 
 number of figures, but without any 
 name. These groups had been much 
 injured before they were covered with 
 whitewash, and the injury appears as if 
 partially intentional. The groups form 
 a series of subjects, and commence with the upper group on the east side of the 
 window. The subject is the presentation of the Virgin in the Temple by Joachim 
 and Anna. The three figures remain. Below this is a group, much injured, 
 apparently Anna teaching the Virgin to read, whilst Joachim stands by. Two of 
 these groups are shown on the preceding page. 
 
 The upper group on the west side is a Holy Family. The Virgin holds the 
 infant Jesus in her arms; St. Joseph stands by; St John the Baptist raises his 
 hands and eyes toward the infant Saviour. 
 
 Below this is a group, much injured, with four scrolls, and apparently four 
 
 Steps to State Apartments.
 
 Lower Courtyard. 2^ 
 
 figures. A female figure, probably the Virgin, seems to be carrying a child, whilst 
 a male figure follows behind. There seem to be indications of a fourth and 
 
 small figure. The subject appears to be the flight into 
 custom, the figure of St. John introduced. 
 
 Traces of colour are found on the fenes- 
 tella of the piscina, on the circular columns 
 of the south arcade, and on the brackets near 
 the altar. 
 
 Leaving the chapel, the visitor will cross 
 the courtyard to the BANQUETING-HALL ; 
 but he will notice on his way a flight of 
 stone steps, engraved on the preceding page, 
 leading from the courtyard, near the doorway 
 of the ante-chapel, up to the state apartments, 
 so that the family could attend the chapel 
 without passing through the hall, and could 
 also, with their guests, be admitted at other 
 times to their suite of rooms. 
 
 In this courtyard he will also do well 
 to take especial notice of the beautiful and 
 intricate designs on the lead-work of the 
 heads of the spouts many of which are filled 
 with delicate Gothic tracery and the gar- 
 goyles, or water-spouts, some of which are 
 grotesquely carved in figures of curious cha- 
 racter, and some of them of uncouth shape. 
 One or two of these we have engraved. 
 
 Entering the open doorway of the ad- 
 vanced porch, which, with a wide passage 
 adjoining, forms the way through to the upper, 
 or second, courtyard, the visitor will notice, standing on 
 
 Egypt, with, contrary to 
 
 CAECIL1M5 
 PRAEFCCH 
 
 Rinnan Altar, lladdon Hall. 
 
 the stone bench on his
 
 26 
 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 left hand, a fine Roman altar which, many years ago, was dug up near Bakewell. 
 It bears the inscription, 
 
 DEO 
 MARTI 
 
 BRACIAC/E 
 OS(IT)TIVS 
 CAECILIANVS 
 PRAEF COH 
 I AQVITANO 
 
 V S 
 
 The Lower Courtyard, with Entrance to the Banqueting-hall. 
 
 Which may be rendered, " To the God Mars, Braciaca, Osittius Cxcilianus, 
 Prefect of the first Cohort of the Aquitani, in performance of a vow " the term 
 BrariaccE, as applied to Mars', being singular. 
 
 To the left of the passage four arched doorways conduct respectively to the 
 buttery, the great kitchen, and other domestic offices, and to a staircase leading 
 to tb" long suite of chambers or the north side, and also communicating, by
 
 JJaii q lie/ ing- hall. 
 
 means of a gallery in the banqueting-hall, with all the other apartments of the 
 building. To the right is a massive and time-worn oak screen, with two open 
 doorways, which divide the banqueting-hall from the passage. Entering by the 
 first of these openings in the screen, the visitor will not fail to notice on the inner 
 side of the screen by the door-frame to his right, at a height a little above his 
 head, a suspicious-looking little iron instrument attached to two staples, one of 
 which serves as a hinge, and the other to attach a lock to : this, tradition says, 
 was an instrument of punishment for enforcing the observance of laws of con- 
 viviality. For it is said, if, in the days of feasting and merriment in the " good 
 old times," a man should fail to drink up his quota of liquor, he was fastened 
 up by the wrist to this ring, and the liquor poured down his sleeve so as gra- 
 dually to trickle down him on to the floor ; or, if guilty of any other breach of 
 the law or decorum of the board, he was similarly tied up and compelled so 
 to remain during the carousal, and was treated now and then not only with a 
 stream of cold water poured down his 
 sleeve, but by other indignities forced 
 upon him. 
 
 The BANQUETING-HALL, or GREAT 
 HALL as it is sometimes called, mea- 
 sures, within the screen, about 35 feet 
 in length and about 25 in width, and it 
 is of the full height of the building, with 
 a modern timber roof taking the place 
 of what must originally, from appear- 
 ances remaining, have been one of re- 
 markably fine character, with pendants, 
 &c. It is entered, as has just been 
 stated, by two open doorways in the 
 screen which separates it from the pas- 
 sage. This screen also forms the front 
 of the MINSTRELS' GALLERY over the 
 passage. The screen is beautifully 
 panelled, each panel being headed with 
 cinquefoil cusps, above which is other 
 Gothic tracery of elegant design. At 
 the opposite end from this screen is the raised dais for the lord and his family 
 and honoured guests, where still stands the grand old table on which so many 
 of the good things of this life have been spread in ages long since passed away. 
 This table is one of the finest examples of its kind yet remaining anywhere in 
 existence. It is now worm-eaten and decayed, like those who once feasted 
 around it ; but still it stands, a proud monument of those ancient times so long 
 gone by. Over the dais a modern window has been inserted ; and formerly a 
 doorway, to the left of the lord as he sat in the centre of the large table, opened 
 into what is now the dining-room, but in those days was the withdra\ving-room. 
 To the right hand, on entering the hall, is the gigantic fire-place, with its huge 
 open chimney ; and on the opposite side, at the end next the high table, a flight 
 
 The Hand-lock in the Banqueting-hall.
 
 
 Hall. 
 
 The Banqueting-hall, with the Minstrels' Gallery. 
 
 Old Oak Table in the Banqueting-hall.
 
 Dining-room. 
 
 29 
 
 of steps leads up to the state apartments ; and close by, through a corner par- 
 titioned off by the oak wainscoting, another door leads to the private dining-room 
 and to the grounds. On the walls of the banqueting-hall are some magnificent 
 stags' heads and antlers, which bear evidence not only of extremely fine growth, 
 but of great age since they fell to the lord of the chase. There are also several 
 pieces of old furniture ; and on the walls are oil-paintings of Martin Middleton 
 of Hazelbadge, and of an old and favourite huntsman and gamekeeper honoured 
 and respected retainers of the family. 
 
 The galleried passage, of a later date, to the " minstrels' gallery," occupies 
 one side, and the minstrels' gallery itself one end of the banqueting-hall that 
 portion along the side forming a passage from the drawing-room and state apart- 
 ments on one side to the range of 
 rooms on the other. The portion of 
 the gallery over the end of the hall is 
 Considerably wider than the other, and 
 would hold a goodly company of min- 
 strels, or of guests, to look down on 
 the " lord of misrule" and other revels 
 below. In one of our engravings we 
 show the panelled front of the min- 
 strels' gallery, and in the accompanying 
 vignette we give the entrance to the 
 gallery from the drawing-room the 
 doorway in the drawing-room being 
 hidden by the tapestry which we have 
 drawn at one side for the purpose. 
 
 Passing out from the banqueting- 
 hall, the visitor should next enter the 
 DINING-ROOM, which is one of the 
 most charming, and certainly one of 
 the most interesting, apartments in the 
 whole building. The end opposite to 
 the entrance doorway is entirely taken 
 up by a Gothic window of eight lights, 
 filled with glass disposed in an elabo- 
 rate geometric pattern. In some of 
 the lights are shields of arms in stained 
 glass, one of which displays the arms 
 of Vernon, with its quarterings of 
 Avenell, Pype, &c. &c. ; another, Ver- 
 non only ; and another, Vernon im- 
 
 Gallcried Passage to tlic Minstrels' 
 
 paled. This room is wainscoted, the upper row of panels throughout the room 
 being filled in with exquisitely-carved Gothic tracery and with heraldic 
 bearings, \c. 
 
 Over the centre of the fire ]>la< e are the royal arms of F.ngland (quarterly 
 France and l-.iigland), witli the .supporters, a gr<.yli<niml ami a grillin, and on one
 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 side a shield bearing the three feathers of the Prince of Wales, with the initials 
 E. P., and on the other the arms of Vernon with its quarterings, and supported 
 by a lion and a boar. Below these is the motto, " DREDE GOD AND HONOR 
 THE KYNG," carved in Gothic capitals. Near this also is the carved inscrip- 
 tion. " Anno Dni 1545. Monseigneir de Vernon," and, with arms, the initials 
 " G. V.'' and " M. V." The remainder of this fine old heraldic frieze contains 
 a large number of shields bearing the arms of the Vernons and of the various 
 families allied with them, interspersed with the Ve'rnon crest, &c. At the west, 
 
 Oi 
 
 the Dining-room. 
 
 or entrance, end of the room is a small, but exquisitely beautiful, recessed 
 oriel window, probably of later date than the room itself, with seats on all sides, 
 and forming one of the most delicious little retirements imaginable overlooking, 
 as it does, the lawns and terraces, and the romantic grounds and winding river, 
 of Haddon. This recess is panelled in the same elaborate heraldic and Gothic 
 manner as the room itself, and, besides the coats of arms and crests, bears on 
 one of its panels a grotesque head of a court fool, or jester, traditionally said to 
 have been intended as a portrait of Will Somers, jester to the " merry monan h,"
 
 D-i -awing- room . 3 1 
 
 and to nis predecessor ; and on two others the heads of Henry VII. and his 
 Queen, Elizabeth of York. 
 
 A door in the wainscot of the dining-room, opening now into a kind of 
 closet or cupboard^ has undoubtedly originally opened on to the dais of the 
 banqueting-hall this room, in the palmy days of Haddon, having been the 
 withdrawing-room. 
 
 The ceiling of the dining-room is divided into compartments by transverse 
 beams, and has been elaborately painted and decorated. In the large window 
 xill be noticed a fine old wine-cooler of bronze, and the fire-place and fire-dogs 
 are also very curious and interesting. 
 
 Passing out from the dining-room, the visitor will next ascend the stone stairs 
 leading up from the banqueting-hall to the state apartments. Arriving at the 
 top of this short staircase he will find three doorways the one to his left opening 
 into the long gallery or ball-room, the one to his right giving access- to the 
 drawing-room, &c., and the third simply opening upon a staircase to be yet 
 alluded to. Making his way through the door to his right, he will enter the 
 DRAWING-ROOM, which is, as will be noticed, situated over the dining-room just 
 described. 
 
 The DRAWING-ROOM is a charming apartment, hung with grand old tapestry, 
 above which is a frieze of ornamented mouldings in pargeting work. This 
 frieze is of five heights, each being decorated with a separate moulding of raised 
 festoons, fruit, flowers, &c. To the left on entering is a beautiful recessed or 
 bay window, over the similar one in the dining-room, and from this window one 
 of the most beautiful views of the terrace, the foot-bridge, the river, and the 
 grounds is obtained. This window recess is wainscoted in panels which have 
 originally been painted and gilt portions of this decoration, green and gold, 
 siill remaining; its ceiling is in the form of a large star of eight points, with 
 intersecting segments of circles attaching the inner angles to each other, and 
 terming a geometric pattern of great beauty. The ceiling of the room is also 
 richly ornamented. Above and around the fire-place the wall is wainscoted in 
 panels in a similar manner to the recess. In the fire-place is one of the most 
 curious of existing grates, the alternate upright bars of which terminate injtws- 
 f/i'-lis and a pair of exquisitely beautiful fire-dogs ; the two bosses on each being 
 of open metal-work of the most chaste and elaborate design and workmanship. 
 They are of brass ; and the bosses, which are circular, are designed in foliage 
 and flowers. 
 
 In these beautiful remains Haddon is especially rich ; but the pair in this 
 room, and the two remarkably fine enamelled bosses in the so-called 
 Iain's room," are the most interesting and elegant. Opposite to the 
 ed window a doorway in the tapestry opens upon the side-gallery of the 
 banqueting-hall, and so gives access to, and communication with, the apart- 
 ments on the opposite side of the quadrangle, as shown in one of our previous 
 engravings. 
 
 The opposite end of the drawing-room from the entrance doorway is occupied 
 by a large window, of similar size to that in the dining-room beneath it, which 
 overlooks the lower courtyard or quadrangle. In this room arc still preserved
 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 some pieces of ancient furniture. Near the further window a doorway opens 
 into what is called 
 
 The EARL'S DRESSING-ROOM, a small but remarkably pretty apartment, hung 
 with tapestry, and lighted by a recessed window. This room, as shown in our 
 engraving, immediately communicates with 
 
 Ante-room to the Earl's 
 
 The EARL'S BED-CHAMBER, so called in connection with the one just described 
 thus occupied by the Earls of Rutland when residing at Haddon. This 
 room is hung with tapestry representing hunting scenes, &c. From this chamber 
 a doorway opens into 
 
 The LADY'S DRESSING-ROOM, also hung with tapestry, and lighted with a
 
 Ball-room, or Long Gallery. 
 
 33 
 
 recessed window. From this room a doorway opens out to the top of the flight of 
 steps already spoken of as giving access to these apartments from the lower 
 courtyard. By this means access was easily obtained to the chapel, and the 
 lord and lady could enter or leave these apartments without passing through the 
 banqueting-hall. A small door in the tapestry of this room leads up a narrow 
 flight of steps to the leads over the chapel, and to the open side of the belfry 
 tower, where the works of the old clock may be seen. 
 
 Returning through the earl's bed-chamber and dressing-room, from the fire- 
 grate in which it is said " the celebrated Count Rumford obtained his plan to 
 prevent chimneys smoking," and re- 
 tracing his steps through the drawing- 
 room, the visitor passes out to the 
 landing-place of the staircase leading 
 up from the banqueting-hall. From 
 this landing a doorway to the left leads 
 up to a small rude apartment, with a 
 fire-place and an old chest ; and also 
 to the leads of the roof of the drawing- 
 room, earl's bed-room, long gallery, &c. 
 
 From the same landing the visitor 
 will next enter the LONG GALLERY, or 
 BALL-ROOM, one of the glories of fine 
 old Haddon, by a flight of six semicir- 
 cular steps of solid oak, said to have 
 been cut from the root of a single tree 
 that grew in the park of Haddon, the 
 trunk and arms of which are also as- 
 serted to have furnished the whole of 
 the timber of the floor of the long gal- 
 lery, or ball-room, itself. Thus, if the 
 story be true, the whole of the flooring 
 of this superb apartment, which is 
 109^ feet in length, and 18 feet in 
 width, as well as these massive steps 
 outside the room, was obtained from 
 one single oak-tree grown on the 
 spot. 
 
 Ascending the STEPS, of which we 
 give an engraving, the visitor will do well to notice the lock and other details 
 of the door, which are somewhat curious. This noble apartment extends, as 
 will be seen on reference to the engraved plan already given, nearly the entire 
 length of the south side of the upper courtyard commencing near the ban- 
 quetmg-hall, and, running the entire remaining length of the upper courty;ml. 
 is carried out into the winter garden beyond. 
 
 This grand room, of which \u: give an engr., \ing, is wainscoted throughout 
 Us entire dimensions with oak panelling ,,f remarkably good architectural clia- 
 
 Steps to tlie Ball-room, or Long Utillcry.
 
 34 
 
 Jfnll. 
 
 racter. The general design is a series of semicircular arches, alternately large 
 and small, divided by pilasters with foliated capitals, and surmounted by a frie/e 
 and a turreted and battlemented cornice. The pilasters, divided like the whole 
 design up to the frieze, are of three heights. The basement of the wainscoting, 
 about one eighth of its entire height, is plainly panelled, and devoid of all orna- 
 ment The second height, rising to more than a third of the whole, is of a much 
 more decorated character. The pilasters are fluted, and the spaces between 
 them filled in with geometric patterns, the narrower spaces being by far the most 
 
 The hall-room, or Long Gallery. 
 
 elaborate in their design. The third height is a series of semicircular ar 
 alternately wide and narrow, divided by the pilasters, the crown of the arch of the 
 narrower ones being on a level with the springing of the larger ones. The whole 
 of the arches, in which pictures formerly hung, spring from small brackets and 
 semi-pilasters at the sides of the pilasters, and are elaborately decorat. 
 each of the smaller arches is a shield of the arms of Manners, with a cres< ent for 
 difference, and surmounted on the frieze by their crest, a peacock displayed, also 
 differenced with a crescent, alternating with those of the Vernon crest, a 1
 
 Ball -room, or Long Gallery. 
 
 35 
 
 head. The pilasters in this height are carved in scale pattern, and are finished 
 with capitals of foliage filling up the spandrels of the arches. Above these is the 
 frieze, the spaces of which are occupied respectively with the crests just named, 
 alternating with the rose and thistle conjoined on one stem. Above this is a 
 remarkably fine turreted and battlemented cornice, in which the loopholes, &c., 
 are cut quite through the whole thickness of the wood. 
 
 The ceiling of this magnificent room is coved the coving receding for the 
 cornice. It is covered with elaborate and exquisitely-designed geometric tracery, 
 consisting of squares, lozenges, quatre- 
 foils, &c., beautifully foliated at their 
 points, and containing shields of arms 
 and crests, the arms being those of 
 Manners impaling Vernon, and the 
 crests those of Manners and Vernon 
 alternately. This ceiling was originally 
 painted and gilt in a very rich manner, 
 remains of the colouring and gilding 
 being still distinguishable, here and 
 there, through the whitewash. Over 
 the chimney-piece still hangs one soli- 
 tary picture, which perhaps, however, 
 only adds to the loneliness of its ap- 
 pearance. 
 
 On the south side of this noble 
 apartment is a charming central re- 
 cessed window of large size, 15 feet by 
 12 feet large enough, in fact, to ac- 
 commodate a goodly party around the 
 fine old central table which still re- 
 mainsand two smaller recessed or bay 
 windows. On the north side are two 
 windows looking into the upper court- 
 yard. The east end is entirely taken up 
 by a strongly stone-mullioned window 
 of twenty-four lights, with a window on 
 each side. In the recessed windows 
 are the royal arms of England, and the Dorothy lemon'* Door : interior. 
 
 arms of Vernon, Manners, Talbot, &c., 
 
 in stained glass. Our engraving shows about one half, in length, of this noble 
 room. 
 
 Opposite to the central recess is a fire-place, which still holds the original 
 fire-dogs rising from goats' feet, and decorated with human heads and heads of 
 goats. In the centre of the large window at the end will be observed a glass 
 case, containing a cast of the head of Lady Grace Manners, whose monu- 
 ment is in Uakcwell Church. It is said of this lady that, cither from being 
 afraid of not being made sufficiently beautiful on canvas, or from some other
 
 Hall. 
 
 cause, she would never have her portrait painted, and that therefore after de;,th 
 this cast was taken. The original part of this cast is the mask itself: the frill 
 &c being a modern addition. She was the daughter of Sir Henry Pierpoint! 
 and wife of Sir George Manners, of Haddon, the eldest son and heir of Sir 
 John Manners and Dorothy Vernon his wife. Lady Grace bore to him (her 
 husband) four sons and five daughters, and lived with him in holy wedlock thirty 
 years. She caused him to be buried with his forefathers, and then placed this 
 
 Dorothy Ver nan's Door: Exterior. 
 
 monument (at Bakewell) at her own expense, as a perpetual memorial of their 
 conjugal faith, and she joined the figure of his body with hers, having vowed | 
 their ashes and bones should be laid together." 
 
 From near the upper end of the long gallery, or bail-room, a highly enriched 
 doorway opens into the ante-room, or lord's parlour. 
 
 The ANTE-ROOM, now occasionally called the " lord's parlour," and, two
 
 DorotJiy Vernon 's Door. 37 
 
 centuries ago, designated the " orange parlour," is a small room, hung with 
 paintings, and having around the upper part of its walls a cornice embel- 
 lished with the crests of the Vernon and Manners families. The interest, how- 
 ever, attached to this apartment rests in the strongly-barred door which opens 
 from it on to a flight of sto^e steps leading down to the terrace and terrace- 
 walk, now generally known as the winter garden. This doorway, known far 
 and wide as DOROTHY VERNON'S DOOR, we have engraved on the two pre- 
 ceding pages, both as seen from its exterior side and its interior side, and have 
 also shown in the " initial " illustration on the first page. 
 
 It is said, and no doubt with truth, that it was through this doorway and 
 down these steps that the lovely Dorothy Vernon, one of the co-heiresses of that 
 grand old family, passed on the night of her elopement, and that at the top of 
 the opposite flight of steps, shown in our ground plan, and of late years known 
 as " Dorothy Vernon's Steps," she was received into the arms of her ardent 
 and true lover, John Manners, who had horses in waiting; and that they flew 
 through the woods and fields until they gained the high road, and made their 
 way into the neighbouring county. It was through this doorway, then, that not 
 only the lovely Dorothy passed, but with her the fine old mansion itself and all 
 its broad lands, into the hands of the noble family now owning it. 
 
 Very sweetly has the tradition of the love and elopement of this noble pair 
 been worked up by the imagination in a story, " The Love-steps of Dorothy 
 Vernon," by a popular writer in the " Reliquary ;" and thus another modern writer 
 very pleasantly embodies it in verse : 
 
 " The green old turrets, all ivy-thatch, 
 
 Above the cedars that girdle them, rise, 
 The pleasant glow of the sunshine catch, 
 And outline sharp of the bluest of skies. 
 
 " All is silent within and around ; 
 
 The ghostly house and the ghostly trees 
 Sleep in the heat, with never a sound 
 Of human voices or freshening breeze. 
 
 * # * * 
 
 " It is a night with never a star, 
 
 And the Hall with revelry throbs and gleams ; 
 There grates a hinge the door is ajar 
 And a shaft of light in the darkness streams. 
 
 " A faint sweet face, a glimmering gem, 
 And then two figures steal into li^ht ; 
 A flash, and darkness has swallowed them 
 So sudden is Dorothy Vernon's flight ! " 
 
 Passing through the ante-roorn, the visitor next enters the STATE BED-ROOM, 
 known two handled years ago, it seems, as the " blue drawing-room." The 
 walls are hung with Gobelins tapestry, the subjects being illustrations of ^Esop's 
 Fables; and above this is a frieze, similar to that in the ante-room, bearing the 
 crests of Vernon and Manners. This apartment is lighted by n large bay- 
 window oi' later date, overlooking the upper courtyard, and raised a couple of
 
 Haddon Plall. 
 
 steps above the level of the floor of the room itself. In this window stand an 
 antique dressing-table and a grand old looking-glass, which are worthy of the 
 most careful examination. Over the chimney-piece is a fine example of parget- 
 ing, representing Orpheus, by his musical powers, charming the brute creation. 
 
 The STATE BED, shown in our engraving, measures 14 feet 6 inches in height. 
 It is furnished in green silk velvet and white satin, exquisitely embroidered and 
 enriched with needlework. It is one of the finest remaining beds in existence, 
 and is presumed to be the work of Eleanor, daughter of Thomas, and eldest sister 
 
 The State Bed-room. 
 
 and co-heiress of Edmund, Lord Roos, of Hamlake, and wife of Sir Robert 
 Manners; which lady died in 1487. According to traditional report, it was 
 removed many years ago from Haddon to Belvoir Castle, and afterwards restored 
 to Haddon. The last person who ever slept in it is said to have been George IV., 
 when Prince Regent j he occupied it during his visit to Belvoir Castle, 
 side of it stands an ancient cradle, in which some of the nobles of the house of 
 Manners have been rocked in times gone by. 
 
 From the state bed-room a doorway behind the Gobelins tapestry opens upon
 
 Archers Room. 
 
 39 
 
 a short flight of stone steps, leading to what is usually called the ANCIENT STATE 
 ROOM, or PAGE'S ROOM, and which, two centuries ago, was called the " best 
 lodging-room." 
 
 This apartment, like the previous one, is hung with splendid tapestry, the 
 subjects being illustrations of some of the events in the life of Moses ; the piece 
 over the chimney-piece is, however, a recent addition from another part of the 
 house. The thickness of the walls, the small size of the windows, and the Ipwness 
 of these rooms, show that they belong to the more ancient part of the building. 
 
 From the page's room a short flight of steps leads into a passage, or small 
 
 The Archers' Room, for stringing Bows, 
 
 room, which may appropriately be called the Archers' Room, and is shown in our 
 engraving, where the visitor will notice a remarkable WOODEN FRAME for t 
 stringing of bows and cross-bows the only one, probably, which he will ever see 
 preserved. It forms one of our illustrations. It consists of two upright, or 
 rather inclining, pieces of wood, attached at the top to the wall, and at the 
 bottom to the floor, and forming a kind of strong framework. These pieces of 
 wood are pierced with holes. 
 
 The passage we have spoken of leads by a few stone steps into a rude apar 
 ment, probably a guard-room, where, behind the rafters, innumerable bats
 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 formerly built their nests ; also into the cross-bow room, where the bows were 
 hung; and into several other old and cheerless-looking rooms; also to a spiral 
 stone staircase, which, springing from the principal, because only, gateway for 
 horsemen and carriages, the one under the EAGLE, or KING JOHN'S, or PEVEREL 
 TOWER, as it is so variously called, leads by seventy steps some so worn that 
 they have been covered by wooden ones to the lop of the tower, the ascent of 
 which will amply repay the visitor for his trouble by the grand and interestingly 
 beautiful view he obtains of the mansion and the neighbourhood. 
 
 The Rack for stringing t/ie u 
 
 Jurret on the top of ike Eagle Tower. 
 
 From here and he may either content himself by remaining on the battle- 
 mented top of the tower itself or mount the turret by which it is surmounted (which 
 we engrave) the tourist will obtain a bird's-eye view of the mansion itself, with 
 its courtyards and all its various apartments, and will better understand both 
 its extent and its arrangements, and become acquainted with " its ins and outs," 
 than from any other position he can attain. From here, too, he will make
 
 The Kitchen. 
 
 acquaintance with many points in the surrounding neighbourhood the river 
 Wye, winding about in the most cateless and eccentric manner, turning here, 
 twisting there, and making within a single mile of level ground its course extend 
 to fully three times that length, lying beneath him in the beautiful meadows ; 
 and far away to his right the distant hills of the Peak, with Bakewell in the 
 middle-ground ; while to his left are the wooded heights of Stanton, with Stanton 
 Church and Hall (the seat of W. P. Thornhill, Esq.) peeping out from amidst 
 the trees. The whole scene is one of surpassing beauty and loveliness ; and we 
 should feel no surprise if our visitor chose to linger some time on this grand old 
 tower to enjoy its many attractions. 
 
 Leaving the turret and the leaded and battlemcnted roof of the tower, and 
 descending the spiral staircase, the visitor returns through the state bed-room 
 
 Screen in the Banquet ing-hall. 
 
 into the ante-room, and is here usually dismissed into the grounds, through 
 " Dorothy Vernon's door." As we have not, however, initiated our tourist into 
 the mysteries of all the rooms and passages of this noble pile of building, we will 
 not dismiss him in this summary manner, but bring him back into the ban'queting- 
 hall, whence we will show him the kitchens and suite of rooms on the north 
 side, and then conduct him to the grounds and to some of the interesting places 
 in the neighbourhood. 
 
 The KITCHEN and range of domestic offices at Haddon are very large and 
 extensive, and show, more strikingly than any description, the marvellous 
 amount of cooking that must have been carried on, and the more than princely 
 hospitality observed by its owners in its palmy days. The four doorways, 
 already spoken of in a previous page as existing in the wall of the passage
 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 opposite to the screen of the banqueting-hall, and beneath the minstrels' 
 gallery, have all of them pointed arches. The first of these doorways on enter- 
 ing from the lower courtyard, or quadrangle, yet retains its old oaken door 
 This room was the buttery, and the door still has, perfect, its buttery-hatch in 
 the middle. This is a small opening, with a little wicket to close and fit just 
 large enough to pass out a trencher of provisions to the servants or retainers 
 or as alms to wayfarers. From this room a flight of stone steps conducts to 
 
 the vaulted cellars, and it also com- 
 municates with the store-rooms and 
 other offices, &c. 
 
 The second doorway the one 
 shown behind the screen in the engrav- 
 ing on the preceding page which is 
 open, leads down a long passage to the 
 GREAT KITCHEN. At the end, the 
 passage terminates- in a strong and 
 massive half-door, the top of which is 
 formed into a broad shelf. To this 
 point only were the servants permitted 
 to come, but were forbidden access to 
 the kitchen itself. The dishes were 
 placed on the door-shelf by the cooks 
 on the one side, and removed by the 
 servitors on the other, and by them 
 carried up the passage into the ban- 
 queting-hall. The kitchen is of im- 
 mense size, its ceiling supported by 
 massive beams and by a central sup- 
 port of solid oak. It contains two 
 enormous fire-places, stoves for various 
 purposes, and spit, pot-hooks, and 
 tenter-hooks by the score; enormous 
 chopping-blocks, dressers of all sorts 
 and sizes (in an angle of one of which 
 is the block whereon the mortar used 
 to rest), tables of solid oak, six or 
 seven inches in thickness, and hollowed 
 into circular bowls and chopping-troughs (one of which is worn through by 
 constant use), and every possible appliance for keeping open house in the 
 most lavish style. Adjoining the kitchen are a number of rooms, bakehouse, 
 larders, pantries, salting-rooms, &c., all fitted in the same marvellously massive 
 manner. In one of these should be noticed an enormous salting-trough hol- 
 lowed out of one immense block of wood, without joint or fastening. This is 
 among the most wonderful relics of the place, and ought to claim attention 
 from the visitor. 
 
 The third doorway opens into what is conjectured to have been the wine- 
 
 Gallery across Small Yard.
 
 Domestic Apartments. 
 
 43 
 
 cellar a vaulted room well adapted for the purpose, and close at hand for the 
 banqueting-hall. 
 
 The fourth doorway opens at the foot of a flight of stairs leading up to the 
 apartments on the north side, which, for more than half its length, contains a 
 second as well as a first floor. These rooms are many in number, and curiously 
 labyrinthine in construction, and although not possessing attraction enough to 
 be shown to the general visitor, are nevertheless among the most interesting in 
 the mansion. Some of them are hung with tapestry which ranks among the best 
 
 Room over the Entrance Gateway. 
 
 in the house ; one room especially, where groups of children gathering fruit are 
 depicted, is peculiarly beautiful. In two of the apartments on this side there 
 are charming little closets, on the tapestry of one of which the royal arms 
 are represented. 
 
 One of these tapestried rooms is named in an old list of apartments of 1666 
 as " Lady Dorothy's Chamber," and a neighbouring apartment is called " Lady 
 Cranborne's Chamber." A third tapestried apartment was called " Roger 
 Manners' Room." All these rooms are on the central portion of the northern
 
 44 
 
 Haddon Flail. 
 
 side of the Hall, over the kitchen and adjoining rooms. The apartment over the 
 buttery was the " Great Nursery." 
 
 Most of the rooms on this side of the building have evidently been intended 
 for sleeping apartments ; and there is a staircase with ornamental rails, on which 
 remains of the original gilding still serve as a relief to the sombre colour of the 
 oak itself. It is worthy of remark, as showing the massive character of the work 
 at Haddon, that the stairs of the old staircases are cut angleways out of solid 
 blocks, and not in the ordinary way. 
 
 One of the most charming " bits " 
 on this side is a short WOODEN GAL- 
 LERY, engraved on page 42, with oak 
 balustrades, which leads across a very 
 little open court, formed by some altera- 
 tions in the building, from one of the 
 tapestried apartments to another, and 
 on the walls of which mosses and 
 lichens grow in luxuriance. It is just 
 the spot, opening from the heated 
 rooms, for a lounge in the pure air ; 
 and no doubt from this gallery 
 Dorothy Vernon and many another 
 high-bred dame have looked up to the 
 stars overhead while passing from 
 room to room, on a festive night as 
 well as on many a quiet evening. 
 
 Among the apartments not usually 
 shown are also two handsome wain- 
 scoted rooms, with carved ceilings, 
 situated over each other, in the nether 
 or lower entrance gateway tower. 
 Above the uppermost of these is a 
 room supposed to have been a place 
 of confinement, because there are 
 traces of external bolts and bars. It 
 has two windows, in one of which are 
 two massive stone seats inserted in 
 the wall. It has also^a door leading 
 out to the leads. One of the most 
 
 Gateway under the Eagle Tower. 
 
 interesting of the rooms we represent in our engraving on the preceding page. 
 
 Most of the points of interest have now been described ; but the curious 
 rambler, who may choose to linger and pry into nooks and corners, will find 
 abundant material at hand to satisfy his curiosity and to repay him for his 
 trouble. In the upper courtyard he will especially notice the massive entrance 
 gateway under the grand old tower, which we have chosen as one of our illus- 
 trations. He will do well also to visit some of the basement rooms as that on 
 the left-hand side under the Peverel Tower, an arched warder's room, where he
 
 The Grounds. 
 
 45 
 
 will note the thickness of the walls (seven feet) ; the next room westward, which 
 seems to have been the earlier kitchen and bakehouse ; the room under the 
 state bed-room, used in later times as a gymnasium for the family ; the armoury, 
 which is under that portion of the long gallery with the deep projecting recess ; 
 and the rooms under the long gallery nearer the dining-room, where the splay 
 of the windows is nearly nine feet, and which seem to have been used as washing- 
 houses. Also the so-called aviary, which opens toward the garden, under the 
 earl's bed-room and adjoining rooms ; and of the rooms yet unmentioned on 
 
 The Foot-bridge. 
 
 the west side of the lower courts, suffice it to say, that on the ground-floor, next 
 to the so-called chaplain's room, were two waiting-rooms ; and then the steward's 
 room, next to the chapel entrance; over this entrance the steward's bed-room, 
 approached by a spiral staircase near the belfry tower, from a closet in which 
 access is gained to the leads ; and after passing the clerestory windows of the 
 chapel, there is an angle commanding a good view of the lower court. Then on 
 this first-floor are a bed-room, the " barmaster's room;" the real chaplain's room, 
 in which is now a collection of bones ; the evidence-room ; and another bed- 
 room, which brings us back to the entrance g;Ue\vuv.
 
 46 
 
 Iladdon Hall. 
 
 But enough has been said of the interior of Haddon to satisfy the wants of 
 the tourist, and, although we could linger for hours over the various rooms not 
 yet specifically described, and fill a whole volume with their description, we must 
 reluctantly leave them, and pass on into the grounds, and so make our way to 
 Bakewell, to show the visitor the last resting-places of the noble families to whom 
 Haddon has belonged. 
 
 Leaving, then, by a small doorway at the end of a passage leading out from 
 the banqueting-hall, and passing the dining-room on the right, the visitor will 
 
 The Terrace. 
 
 enter what is called the " Upper Garden." To his right he will see below him, 
 on looking over the strongly-buttressed wall one of the oldest parts of the 
 building the " Lower Garden," roughly terraced down the hillside, and to his 
 right a gravelled path leads by the side of the building to the wall of the chapel, 
 where, by a long flight of sixty-seven steps, it descends to the old foot-bridge 
 one of the prettiest objects in the grounds of which we give an engraving ; and 
 the site of the old kitchen-garden in the bend of the river. 
 
 To his left, the " Upper Garden," 120 feet square, is a lawn : up its centre, as 
 well as around it, runs a broad gravel walk, opposite to which rises a splendid wide
 
 77it' Grounds. 
 
 47 
 
 flight of stone steps, with stone balustrades, leading to the TERRACE, TERRACE 
 WALK, and WINTER GARDEN, Along the sides of this garden are beds partitioned 
 off by hedges, or, as they may more appropriately be called, walls of yew and box. 
 The TERRACE, one of the glories of Haddon, extends the full width of the 
 Upper Garden, the balustraded wall running flush with the end of the Long 
 Gallery. This we have engraved on the preceding page. From this terrace the 
 finest view of the south front of Haddon is obtained, and it is indeed a view 
 to revel in, and not to be forgotten. This view we have engraved in its most 
 
 The Suutli Front frotH the Terrace. 
 
 impressive phase that of moonlight. The WINTER GARDEN of the terrace is 
 planted with yew-trees, many centuries old, whose gnarled and knotted roots 
 may be seen curiously intertwined and displacing the stone edgings of the 
 parterres. It is altogether one of the most charming outdoor "bits" which 
 even the most romantic and vivid imagination can conceive. 
 
 At the north end, in a recessed corner, formed by the wall of the Long Gallery 
 on the one side, and by the outer wall of the Winter Garden on the other, and 
 overhung with a grand old melancholy-looking yew-tree, is " Dorothy Vernon's 
 Door," previously spoken of as opening out from the ante-room. From this door
 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 a short flight of stone steps with balustraded sides leads down to the Terrace 
 Walk, or Winter Garden, on the opposite side of which, nearly opposite to this 
 doorway, a long flight of stone steps leads up to another and considerably higher 
 terrace, called the ROOKERY, and, sometimes, DOROTHY VERNON'S WALK a 
 broad pathway, or promenade, passing between an avenue of lofty lime and 
 sycamore trees and one of the most secluded and romantic " lovers' walks " in 
 the neighbourhood. 
 
 The old BOWLING GREEN, near the summit of the hill above Haddon, 
 
 Haddon 2J.aU jrom the Kiver Wye. 
 
 occupied an acre of ground, and was approached by an avenue of trees. It was 
 enclosed by a thick hedge of yew, with a flight of stone steps for an entrance. 
 On one side was a lodge, or summer-house, over one of the doorways of which 
 are initials and the date of 1696. " The Green " is now converted into a garden. 
 The old KITCHEN GARDENS, to which we have alluded, appear to have 
 been situated in the plot of ground near the foot-bridge, by which they were 
 approached, and enclosed and almost encircled by a bend in the river. Foun- 
 dations of a cottage, or keeper's house, are still to be traced in this locality.
 
 The Family of 1\ fanners. 
 
 49 
 
 There is also a plot of ground, levelled, and in form a parallelogram, which 
 is known as the " archery ground." 
 
 Before leaving Haddon the visitor should step inside the building now used 
 as a stable, in which he will find some features worthy of observation. In the 
 cottage inhabited by the kindly and respected keeper of Haddon, Mrs. Bath, is 
 some fine carved furniture; and in the garden in front, the yew-trees, cut into the 
 form of a peacock and a boar's head the crests of Manners and of Vernon 
 form pleasing objects, and are sure to attract the attention of the visitor. 
 
 The meadows around Haddon with the river Wye twisting and turning 
 about in all imaginable forms are very delightful, and some of the pleasantest 
 strolls conceivable may be taken along them, both up and down the stream, 
 which is full of fine trout, and is, therefore, a source of endless delight to the 
 angler. From various points on the banks of the river, as may be imagined, 
 beautiful glimpses of Haddon may be obtained. One of these we have selected 
 as peculiarly picturesque and beautiful, but many others are equally so. 
 
 ANY other points connected with this delightful old 
 mansion might be named, but we pass them over, 
 having given the visitor all the information he or she can 
 well desire. Having, in the beginning of our Guide, 
 given some particulars of the Vernons, the family to 
 whom, in its early days, this mansion belonged, we 
 now, before passing on to Bakewell, proceed to give 
 some similar information regarding the race of its 
 present noble possessor, the Duke of Rutland. The 
 noble family of Manners, like that of Vernon, is of 
 considerable antiquity; and, although the records of 
 its early members do not extend so far back as those 
 of the Vernons, its history is more illustrious, and its 
 dignities are more exalted. The most ancient of the 
 ancestors of the present Duke of Rutland, of whom 
 there is direct evidence, was Sir Robert Manners, Lord 
 of the Manor of Ethale, in Northumberland, from 
 whom descended another Sir Robert, who married 
 Philippa, daughter of Sir Bartholomew de Mont Bouchier, 
 by whom he had issue a son, also named Robert, who 
 married Hawise, daughter of Robert, Baron de Muschamp, 
 in the reign of Henry I. Their great-grandson, another Sir 
 Robert Manners, married Agnes, daughter of Sir David 
 Coupland. Their son, Sir Robert, had issue by his wife, 
 Heton, four sons, three of whom dying without issue, the 
 second son, William Manners, inherited the estates. He married 
 Ellen, or Janetta, daughter of David Bagster, of Derby, by whom he 
 had a son, Sir Robert Manners. 
 
 This Sir Robert was returned, in the seventeenth year of Kdward III., 
 as one of the principal persons in the c.ounty of Northumberland, and was 
 
 E 
 
 de
 
 5O Haddon Hall. 
 
 entitled to bear aims by descent. In the first year of Edward's reign, being 
 Governor of Norham Castle, he distinguished himself by his successful defence of 
 that stronghold against the Scots, who, " despising King Edward's youth, on the 
 very night of that day on which King Edward was crowned, intended to take 
 Norham Castle by surprise, and so well managed their design, that about 
 sixteen of them had already mounted the walls. But the captain, Sir Robert 
 Manners, being warned of the matter beforehand by one of his garrison, who 
 was a Scotsman, had so well prepared to receive them, that of those who had 
 mounted he took five or six, and put the rest to the sword, their companions 
 below, upon this disappointment, retiring." In the next year he was constituted 
 one of the " conservators of the truce made with the Scots for all hostilities to 
 cease." Soon afterwards he was made Sheriff of the county of Selkirk, and 
 appointed to keep and defend the forts of Selkirk and Ettrick, &c. In the 
 fourteenth of the same reign he represented Northumberland in Parliament, and 
 again subdued Scotch incursions. Soon afterwards he obtained a license from 
 the king " to strengthen and embattle his dwelling-house at F.thale, in Northum- 
 berland, with a wall made of stone and lime, and to hold the same to himself 
 and his heirs for ever." The next year he was constituted one of the commis- 
 sioners to treat with David Bruce and his adherents for a peace, and subsequently 
 was made Lord of the Marches. At the battle of Neville's Cross, in 1346, under 
 Queen Philippa, in which the Scottish king was taken prisoner, Sir Robert 
 displayed great valour, and was intrusted to keep charge of the prisoners, and 
 deliver them to the Constable at the Tower of London. He died in 1355, 
 leaving his son and heir, John de Manners (by his wife Aliva, or Alice, daughter 
 of Henry Strather), only one year and three weeks old. 
 
 This John Manners received the honour of knighthood, and married Alice, 
 widow of William de Whitchester ; and, dying in 1402, was succeeded by his 
 son, Sir John Manners, who was Sheriff of Northumberland, and, with his son 
 John, was accused of the murder of William Heron and Robert Atkinson, or 
 Akyman : they were prosecuted by Sir Robert de Umphreville, and Isabel, widow 
 of William Heron, and were ordered to "cause 500 masses to be sung for the 
 health of the soul of the same William Heron within one year then next ensuing, 
 and pay unto Sir Robert de Umphreville, and Isabel, to the use of the said 
 Isabel and her children by Heron, 200 marks." He was succeeded by his son 
 Robert, who married Joan, daughter of Sir Robert Ogle, and had issue by her, 
 with others, a son, Robert, by whom he was succeeded. This Sir Robert 
 Manners married Eleanor, daughter of Thomas, Lord Roos (by Philippa, his 
 wife, daughter of John, Lord Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester), and sister and co-heiress 
 of Edmund, Lord Roos, " whereby he greatly increased his estate, and, among 
 other possessions, had the ancient seat of Belvoir Castle, built by Robert de 
 Todenei, a noble Norman, on a stately ascent, overlooking the beautiful valley 
 adjacent (thence by him called Belvoir, from the fair view of the country there- 
 abouts), and it became the chief seat of that great barony bestowed on him by 
 William the Conqueror; which seat and barony, in the reign of Henry III., 
 devolved upon Robert de Roos, a great baron, by marriage with Isabel, daughter 
 and heiress of William de Albini, the fourth of that name, descended from the
 
 The Family of Manners. 51 
 
 said Robert de Todenei ; and from the Lord Roos it came to Sir Robert Manners 
 by his marriage," as did also many other estates in other counties. The issue 
 of this marriage was three daughters, who each married into the family of 
 Fairfax, and two sons. The eldest of these sons was Sir George Manners, 
 who, on the death of his mother, became Lord Roos, and was also lineal heir to 
 the baronies of Vaux, Trusbut, and Belvoir. He married Anne, only daughter 
 and heiress of Sir Thomas St. Leger, by his wife Anne, daughter of Richard, 
 Duke of York, and sister to King Edward IV., and widow of John Holland, 
 Duke of Exeter. By this lady, who brought royal blood into the family, Sir 
 George had a numerous family, the eldest of whom succeeded him. 
 
 That was Sir Thomas Manners, who, on the death of his father, became 
 thirteenth Lord Roos of Hamlake, and Baron Trusbut, Riveaulx, and Belvoir. 
 He was with Henry VIII. and his queen at the celebrated interview between 
 that monarch and the King of France at Guisnes, and in the same reign was 
 made Warden of the East Marches, and had many other honours granted him. 
 In the seventeenth year of the same monarch he was created Earl of Rutland 
 " a title which none but the royal family had ever borne, and by reason of his 
 descent from the sister of King Edward IV. had an augmentation to his ancient 
 arms," or two bars azure, and a chief gules ; which chief was augmented thus : 
 quarterly azure and gules : in the first and fourth two fleurs-de-lis, and in the 
 second and third a lion passant gu ardant, all or. He was also installed a Knight 
 of the Garter. A few years later this nobleman was present at the second inter- 
 view between Henry VIII. and Francis I. : he was also present at the marriage 
 of his sovereign with the ill-fated Anne Boleyn ; and, later on, attended Anne 
 of Cleves to England, and was made her chamberlain. His lordship who, 
 besides the honours we have briefly indicated, took part in most of the events 
 of this stirring reign, and held numerous important offices married twice : first, 
 Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Robert Lovel ; and second, Eleanor, daughter of Sir 
 William Fasten, by the latter of whom only he had issue. To the eldest and 
 second of that issue we now refer. 
 
 The eldest son, Henry Manners, succeeded his father, in 1543, as second 
 Earl of Rutland. He was married twice : first, to Margaret, daughter of the 
 fourth Earl of Westmoreland, by whom he had issue ; and second, to Bridget, 
 daughter of Lord Hussey, by whom he had no children. He was succeeded by 
 his eldest son, Edward Manners, as third Earl of Rutland, who, dying without 
 male issue, was succeeded by his brother, John Manners (the second son of the 
 second Earl), as fourth Earl of Rutland. This nobleman married Elizabeth, 
 daughter of Francis Charlton, of Apsley, by whom he had issue, with others, 
 three sons Roger Manners, Sir Francis Manners, and Sir George Manners 
 who successively became fifth, sixth, and seventh Earls of Rutland. All these 
 dying without surviving male issue, the title passed to the descendants of the 
 second son of the first Earl, as we shall now show. 
 
 Sir John Manners, second son of the first Earl of Rutland, and who was 
 consequently great-grandson of the sister of King Edward IV., is the one member 
 of this illustrious family with whom Haddon if. especially connected. This 
 John Manners, before he was Knighted, became attached to Dorothy Vernon,
 
 52 Haddon Hall. 
 
 the youngest daughter and co-heiress of Sir George Vernon of Haddon Hall, 
 known far and wide as " the King of the Peak," as we have already related. 
 Disguised, it is said, as a forester or woodman, John Manners for some time 
 lived in the woods about Haddon, in the hope of obtaining occasional glimpses 
 of, and stolen interviews with, Dorothy Vernon ; and at length so wooed that 
 he won her, and carried her off on horseback into his own county of Leicester, 
 and there married her. The story of this romantic elopement is one of the 
 pleasantest episodes in the history of Haddon, and will have again to be alluded 
 to later on. By that marriage the grand old mansion of Haddon Hall, and the 
 other Derbyshire property of the " King of the Peak," passed into the family 
 of Manners, and helped to swell its already large rent-roll of estates. 
 
 This John Manners, who was knighted in 1603, had issue by his wife, 
 Dorothy Vernon, three sons : Sir George Manners, who succeeded him ; John 
 Manners, who died at the age of fourteen years ; Sir Roger Manners, of Whitwell 
 and Grace Manners, who married Sir Francis Fortescue, of Salden. He died 
 June 4th, 1611 ; his wife died in 1584. 
 
 Sir George Manners, their son, married Grace, daughter of Sir Henry Pierre- 
 point, and sister to the Earl of Kingston, by whom he had issue, with others, John 
 Manners, his eldest son, who not only succeeded him, but also succeeded his 
 own cousin George, seventh Earl of Rutland, in his title and estates, and thus 
 became eighth Earl of Rutland. He married Frances, daughter of Edward, 
 Lord Montague of Boughton, by whom he had issue four sons and seven 
 daughters. 
 
 He was Sheriff of Derbyshire in the ninth and eleventh years of Charles 1., 
 ard also represented that county in Parliament. His lordship was attached to 
 the Parliamentary interest during the Civil Wars, and was one of the twenty-two 
 peers who remained at Westminster when the king summoned both Houses to 
 attend him at Oxford. As a consequence, his castle of Belvoir was seized by the 
 Royalists, and was held by them and Sir Gervase Lucas, and here the king 
 frequently resided. It was finally surrendered to the Parliamentarians m 
 January, 1645-6. In 1649 the castle was demolished, by consent of the Earl, 
 who soon afterwards set about rebuilding it, which he completed in 1668. 
 During this time the Earl lived principally at Haddon Hall, where he died 
 1679. Here he lived in a style of almost princely magnificence, maintaining 
 large number of servants and retainers, and dispensing his hospitality with a 
 lavish hand, especially at Christmas time.* 
 
 * The following particulars respecting one of these open-house entertainments in 1663 art 
 
 curious and highly interesting : 
 
 * 
 
 d. 
 
 Paid George Wood, the cook, for helping in the pantry all Christmas . 3 
 Paid Robert Swindell, for Helping at the like work all Christmas, and two 
 
 
 O 
 
 Paid William Green, the cook, for helping in the kitchen all Christmas 
 
 I 
 
 o 
 
 Paid Antony Higton, turnspit, for helping all Christmas 
 Paid W. Creswick, for pulling fowls and poultry all Christmas . 
 Paid Catharine Sprig, for helping the scullery-maid all Christmas 
 Paid Thomas Shaw, the piper, for piping all Christmas 
 
 o 3 
 o 3 
 o 3 
 
 2 
 
 o 
 f, 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 
 
 [Given
 
 Dukes of Rutland. 53 
 
 About this time, from 1660 to 1670, although the family only occasionally 
 resided here, there were generally killed and consumed every year at Haddon 
 between thirty and forty beeves, from four to five hundred sheep, and a number 
 of swine, so that there was no lack of the good things of this world for visitors to 
 this hospitable place. 
 
 This nobleman was succeeded by his third and only surviving son, John 
 Manners, as ninth Earl of Rutland. This nobleman was born in 1638, and, in 
 1679, was created a peer in his own right by the title of Baron Manners of 
 Haddon ; and in September of the same year, his father dying, he became Earl 
 of Rutland. When twenty years of age he had married the Lady Anne Pierrepoint, 
 daughter of the Marquis of Dorchester, from whom he was afterwards divorced ; 
 and married, secondly, Lady Diana Bruce, widow of Sir Seymour Shirley, and 
 daughter of the Earl of Aylesbury, who died in childbed. His lordship married, 
 thirdly, Catherine, daughter of Baptist Noel, Viscount Campden, by whom only 
 he had surviving issue. He lived a country life, and " kept up his old mansion 
 at a bountiful old rate," and in a style of even greater magnificence and open- 
 handedness than his father. It is said that at Haddon alone he kept seven score 
 of servants, and that every day saw his grand old banqueting-hall filled to over- 
 flowing with retainers and guests. In 1703 the Earl was raised to the highest 
 dignity in the realm, by the titles of Marquis of Granby and Duke of Rutland. 
 He died in January, 1710-11, aged seventy-three, and was succeeded by his only 
 surviving son, John Manners. 
 
 John, second Duke of Rutland, when scarcely seventeen years of age, was 
 married to Katherine, second daughter of Lord William Russell, who was 
 beheaded in 1683. He then bore the title of Lord Roos; and the wedding 
 festivities seem, judging from some curious letters still extant concerning them, 
 to have been of the most lavishly extravagant character. This lady, who was 
 sister to the Duchess of Devonshire and to the Duke of Bedford, gave birth to 
 five sons and four daughters, and died in childbed in 1711. The Duke married, 
 secondly, Lucy, daughter of Lord Sherard, and sister of the Earl of Harborough, 
 by whom also he had issue six sons and two daughters. His Grace died in 
 1721, and was succeeded, as third Duke of Rutland, by his eldest son, John 
 Manners. This nobleman, who was born in 1696, married, in 1717, Bridget, 
 only daughter and heiress of Lord Lexington (an alliance that gave him a large 
 accession of estates), by whom he had issue thirteen children, nearly all of whom 
 died young. 
 
 He was the last of the family who made Haddon Hall a residence. 
 
 The estates of Lord Lexington having been settled upon the younger branch 
 of the family, the second and surviving sons, successively, took, by Act of Par- 
 liament, the additional surname of Sutton, and thus founded the family of 
 Manners-Sutton. 
 
 Given by my honourable Lord and Lady's command to Thomas Shaw's man o 10 o 
 Given by their honours' commands to Richard Blackwell, the dancer . .0100 
 Given by their honours' i ommands to Otti well Bramwell, the dancer . .0100 
 Given by their honours' commands to Ottiwell Bramwell's kinswoman, for 
 
 djncing 050
 
 54 Haddon HalL 
 
 The Duke, who was familiarly known as " old John of the hill," dying in 
 1779, was succeeded by his grandson, Charles Manners, son of the celebrated 
 Marquis of Granby, Commander-in-Chief of the British forces in Germany, and 
 Master of the Ordnance, who died during his father's lifetime. Charles, 4th 
 Duke of Rutland, married Mary Isabella, daughter of Charles Noel, Duke of 
 Beaufort, by whom he had issue four sons viz., John Henry (who succeeded 
 him), Charles Henry Somerset, Robert William, and William Robert Albini ; 
 and two daughters viz., the Lady Elizabeth Isabella, married to Richard 
 Norman, Esq., and Lady Catherine Mary, married to Lord Forester. His 
 Grace died while holding office as Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, and was suc- 
 ceeded by his eldest son, John Henry Manners, as fifth Duke of Rutland, who 
 married Elizabeth, daughter of the Earl of Carlisle, and by her had issue, among 
 others, his Grace the present Duke of Rutland (third son, the two elder ones 
 having died before their father), and Lord John Manners, M.P., and Lady Eliza- 
 beth Frederica, married to A. R. Drummond, Esq., and Lady Adeliza Gertrude 
 Elizabeth, married to the Rev. F. J. Norman. His Grace died in 1857, aged 
 seventy-nine. 
 
 The present peer, John James Robert Manners, seventh Duke of Rutland, 
 Marquis of Granby, Earl of Rutland, and Baron 
 Manners of Haddon, K.G., &c., was bom in 1818, 
 and succeeded to the title and estates on the death 
 of his brother in 1888. He has held numerous im- 
 portant appointments, and is well known not only 
 for the official posts he has held in the government 
 of this country, but for his kindly disposition and his 
 talents both as statesman and poet. The heir to the 
 title and estates is his son, the Marquis of Granby, 
 
 M.P. for the Melton Division of Leicestershire. 
 Arms of Duke of Rutland. The arms of ^ Duke of Rut l and are> or) bvo 
 
 bars, azure; augmented by a chief, quarterly, first and fourth azure, \.^Q fleur-de-lis, 
 or (France), second and third gules, a \\onpassant-guardant, or (England). Crest, 
 on a chapeau, gules, turned up, ermine, a peacock in pride, proper. Supporters, two 
 unicorns, argent, horns, manes, tufts, and hoofs, or. Motto, " Pour y parvenir." 
 
 When we broke off our narrative for the purpose of giving the preceding 
 sketch of the genealogy of the noble family of Manners, to whom glorious old 
 Haddon now belongs, we left our readers to revel in the midst of the beauties 
 of the meadows and of the "wandering Wye." Having thus given them time 
 for enjoyment while we dotted down for their after perusal this account of the 
 family, we now proceed with our pleasant task. 
 
 Having, then, given our readers as full an account as would appear necessary, 
 both of the noble families to whom Haddon has belonged, and of the Hall itself, 
 and told them as much of its history as will suffice for all purposes of the tourist, we 
 take leave of this interesting pile, and proceed to speak of one or two matters con- 
 nected with its immediate neighbourhood, before passing on to the fine old church 
 at Bakewell, where lie interred so many of the families of Vernon and Manners. 
 
 Haddon has been a prolific theme for writers, and an endless source of
 
 Ancient Relics. 55 
 
 inspiration for poets and artists, and long will it continue to be so, for no 
 " olden " place can be more picturesque or more romantic. It is said that Mrs. 
 Radcliffe was so struck with it, that she laid the scene of her " Mysteries of 
 Udolpho " he're ; William Bennett took it and its hospitable owner, Sir George 
 Vernon, as the subject of one of his most successful novels, " The King of the 
 Peak ;" and Allan Cunningham, the Countess de Carabrella, and numberless 
 other writers, have made it a theme for some of their pleasantest productions ; 
 while D. Cox, Nash, Cattermole, Harding, Rayner, Morrison, and a host of 
 other artists, have added to their reputations by painting some of its more 
 attractive features. 
 
 As may naturally be expected, in a neighbourhood so rich in interest as that 
 of Haddon, some singular discoveries have at one time or other been made. 
 Among these the Roman altar, already described, is perhaps the most important. 
 
 The opening of barrows in the neighbourhood has brought to light many 
 interesting remains of the ancient British period, and also of Romano-British 
 times. These consist of interments in which have been found cinerary urns, 
 drinking-cups, bone mesh-rules, flint implements, bronze celts, and other articles. 
 
 Ring found in the Grounds of Haddon Hall. 
 
 Some fine antlers, and parts of antlers, of the red deer one of which, with 
 four points at the top, measured more than three feet along its outer curve, and 
 was six and a half inches in medium circumference have also been found. But 
 these are not the only remains of extinct animals found in the neighbourhood ; 
 for those of the wild dog, the wild hog, the horse, the deer, the roebuck, the 
 goat, and the ox both the Bos urus and the Bos longifrons all of which once 
 ran wild in Derbyshire, have been found in the course of deep draining near 
 the Hall, and preserved under the careful direction of Mr. Nesfield. 
 
 Perhaps the most elegant relic yet discovered is the ring shown in our 
 engraving, which is in the possession of his Grace the Duke of Rutland. It was 
 found a few years ago, not far from the " Bowling Green," and is evidently of 
 the fifteenth century, and is of extremely fine workmanship and elegant design. 
 The hoop is wreathed, and has originally been enamelled, and bears between 
 the foliage the inscription, in old English letters, " de boen cuer," which is one 
 of frequent occurrence as a posy upon mediaeval rings, probably, in this case, 
 meaning dc bon ccenr, and showing the hearty affection of the giver to the 
 receiver. The little figure engraved on the besel is St. John the Baptist, with 
 the Lamb enfolded in his mantle, and has most likely also been enamelled. It
 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 is probably a kind of charm-ring i.e., a ring supposed to possess physical or 
 phylacteric qualities against epilepsy, the mal de St. Jean. It is of the purest 
 gold, and weighs ninety-seven grains. 
 
 Another interesting " find " was the Washing Tally already referred to, which 
 is of the time of Charles I., and of extreme rarity. Of this Tally, as intimately 
 connected with the inner and home life of Haddon, at the period of the height of 
 its hospitality and glory, we give the accompanying accurate engraving, which is 
 
 Washing Tally found at Haddon Hall. 
 
 drawn of a somewhat reduced size. This very interesting relic is 5^ inches in 
 length, and 4^ in depth. It is formed of a piece of beech-wood, a quarter of an 
 inch in thickness, covered with linen on back and sides. Its construction is 
 precisely that of a " Hornbook." In front, the names of the different articles 
 of clothing are printed from a copper-plate, and protected by a sheet of horn. 
 Around the edge, a narrow strip of thin brass, fastened down with highly 
 ornamented nails, attaches the horn, the paper, and the linen to the wood. The 
 " tally " is divided into fifteen squares, in each of which is a dial numbered from
 
 Bakewell Church. 57 
 
 o to 12, and above each square is the name of the article of clothing intended to 
 be taken into account. These are " Ruffes," " Bandes," " Cuffes," " Hand- 
 kercher," "Capps," "Shirtes," " Half-shirtes," " Bootehose," " Topps," " Sockes," 
 "Sheetes," " Pillowberes," "Table-clothes," "Napkins," and "Towells." On 
 each of the dials is a circular brass indicator, fastened by a little pin in its centre, 
 so as to be turned round at pleasure. Each indicator is pierced on one side, 
 close to the edge, with a round hole, through which one number only on the 
 dial is visible at a time, and opposite to this hole is a raised point by which the 
 indicator can be turned as required. 
 
 Another little relic of Haddon " in the olden time " is a wooden vessel 
 called, but of course without the slightest authority for the name, " Dorothy 
 Vernon's Porridge -pot." It is a small basin, or bowl, of 
 curious form, and evidently of great age, and may, 
 doubtless, have held many a mess of porridge in its time 
 We give an engraving of this interesting little relic, 
 which, along with a rude rolling-pin, is in possession of 
 Mr. John Sleigh, and was taken away at the time of the 
 breaking up of the establishment at Haddon Hall by 
 One of the retainers named Dale, in whose family it has, 
 until lately, remained. A member of this family of Dale 
 will shortly be named in connection with a singular ^-^^HH;. 
 
 epitaph at Bakewell. n 
 
 T f . ., . ... , TT ,, " Dorothy Vernoris Por- 
 
 It may here be well to note, that although Haddon ri 'dg e p t." 
 
 Hall is no longer used as a residence by the Duke of 
 
 Rutland, he has within three or four miles of it a delightful shooting-box, 
 Stanton Woodhouse, pleasantly situated, and charming in every respect, where 
 he and others of his family occasionally sojourn. This and his other shooting- 
 lodge, Longshawe, some distance across the moors of the same county, are two 
 charming retreats for the sportsman. It may be mentioned, too, that at Rowsley, 
 close at hand, is the splendidly-executed effigy of Lady John Manners and her 
 infant, by W. C. Marshall, R.A. ; and that the bell which now calls worshippers 
 to this modern church is the same that in its palmy days called the lords of 
 Haddon and their retainers to their devotions in the chapel of the Hall, which 
 we have in the previous pages described. 
 
 Passing on from Haddon to Bakewell, the tourist will not fail to notice the 
 Dovecote on a mound near the roadside, and from near this spot he will obtain 
 one of the best and most charming views of the Hall to be gained from any point. 
 
 BAKEWELL CHURCH, the burial-place of some of the members of the Vernon 
 and Manners families, to whom Haddon Hall successively belonged, is nearly 
 two miles distant from Haddon, and may be seen on looking up the valley of the 
 Wye. Bakewell is a pleasant and remarkably clean little market-town, built 
 on the banks of the Wye ; there are several good public buildings in the town 
 itself, and many substantial residences in its neighbourhood. It is, however, to 
 the church only that we now desire to call attention in a short description. 
 
 It is a cruciform building, of about 150 feet in length from west to east, aud 
 about 105 feet in width across from wall to wall of the north and south transepts,
 
 Haddon HalL 
 
 with a noble tower and spire. It contains some extremely fine Norman and 
 Early English features, and is lofty and remarkably well-proportioned. In the 
 centre rises the tower, the lower part of which is square, and the upper 
 octagonal, with the angles boldly chamfered, and this is surmounted by a lofty 
 spire. There can be no doubt, from remains which have been found, that a 
 
 Bake-well Church. 
 
 church had existed on this spot from very early pre-Norman times. In Domes- 
 day Survey it is stated there were two priests for the church of Bakewell. 
 was afterwards made a collegiate church. It was granted by William the 
 Conqueror to William Peverel, his natural son, but was, with the other immense 
 possessions of that family, forfeited by attainder by one of his descendants in 
 IM4. It remained in the possession of the Crown till it was given by Richard I.,
 
 Vernon ChapeL 59 
 
 on his accession to the throne in 1189, to his brother, John, Earl of Morteigne, 
 afterwards King John. To him is traditionally ascribed the rebuilding of the 
 nave (with the exception of the west end, which he is said to have left standing), 
 and its endowment ; but it is more probable that it was built and endowed by a 
 Peverel, who gave part of the Bakewell tithes to Lenton Priory. In 1192 Earl 
 John gave the church, with all its prebends and other appurtenances, to the 
 present cathedral of Lichfield. In 1365 a chantry was founded in the church 
 by Sir Godfrey Foljambe and Avena his wife, whose beautiful little monument 
 will be seen on one of the piers of the nave. The nave, which was erected 
 probably about mo, was, until a few years back, separated from the side-aisles 
 by semicircular arches, rising from piers of solid masonry instead of pillars. 
 At the west end is a fine Norman doorway ornamented with beak-head mouldings 
 and other characteristic features. 
 
 The church was extensively repaired and restored in 1841, when numerous 
 very interesting remains were brought to light. These included an extensive 
 series of incised sepulchral slabs of very early date, bearing crosses of various 
 forms, and many interesting devices ; several ancient crosses used as head-stones ; 
 a considerable and extremely beautiful assemblage of fragments of encaustic paving 
 tiles; and several fragments of coped tombs, and of crosses with the interlaced 
 ornament so characteristic of the Saxon period ; as well as many stone coffins 
 and sculptured fragments of mouldings, capitals, &c., belonging to the more 
 ancient edifice. Of these curious remains, all that he could secure were, thanks 
 to the zeal and care of Mr. F. Barker, preserved in the porch of the church, and 
 consist of considerably more than fifty incised slabs some of which are perfect, 
 and others in fragments and perhaps a score or two of other stones. It is also 
 stated, and is much to be regretted, that at least four times the number of 
 sculptured stones preserved were rebuilt into the walls during the alterations, 
 so that, including a number taken away and now preserved at Lomberdale, there 
 must have been from three to four hundred found. In the same porch a selec- 
 tion of the ornamented paving tiles is also preserved : among the patterns are 
 many of extreme beauty and elegance. 
 
 The font is also deserving of especial notice. It is octagonal, each of its 
 sides bearing a figure beneath a crocketed canopy. A fragment of another 
 ancient font will be seen in the porch. 
 
 The part of Bakewell Church, however, with which we have now particu- 
 larly to do is the VERNON CHAPEL, in which, divided from the south transept 
 by a beautiful open oak screen, lie buried the later Vernons and the earlier 
 members of the Manners family connected with Haddon. This chapel was, it 
 appears, erected "late in the Decorated period, about 1360, upon the walls of 
 the former chapel. The Early English half-pillars at each extremity of the 
 arches had been retained, and were very beautiful examples, well worthy ot 
 imitation. The hollows of the mouldings, up to a certain height, being filled 
 with bold roses, capitals in a different style were afterwards added to suit the 
 decorated arches. The central pillars, with their central clustered shafts, are of 
 singularly elegant design ; the tracery of the windows partakes of the flamboyant 
 character. The upper part of the buttresses was also altered to correspond with
 
 Haddon HalL 
 
 the new work." It will bear comparison with any structure of the kind in 
 England, and has been rebuilt in good taste. 
 
 In the centre of the Vernon Chapel stands a fine altar-tomb, bearing the 
 recumbent effigies of Sir George Vernon, the " King of the Peak," and his two 
 wives, Margaret Taylebois and Maude Langford. This tomb is an extremely 
 beautiful and characteristic example of the elaborately-decorated monuments of 
 the period to which it belongs. Along its sides, under a series of canopied 
 arches, are figures bearing shields of the arms of the Vernons and their alliances, 
 and those of the families of his two wives. Sir George is habited in plate 
 armour and surcoat, and wears a straight long beard and straight hair. He has 
 a double chain and a sword. The inscription on this interesting tomb is as follows : 
 _ " Here lyeth S r George Vernon, Knight, deceased ye - daye of - - an 
 1561, and dame Margaret his wyffe, daughter of Sir Gylbert Tayleboys, deceased 
 ye - daye of -- 156 ; and also dame Mawde his wyffe, dawght r to 
 S r Ralphe Langford, deceased ye - - daye of -- anno 156 whose solles 
 God pdon." The inscription, it will be seen, has never been finished, the 
 blanks for the dates not having been filled up. The surcoat worn by the knight 
 is elaborately emblazoned with his own arms with all its quarterings ; and, taken 
 altogether, this is a remarkably fine and interesting monument. 
 
 At the south end of the chapel stands, to visitors to Haddon, perhaps the 
 most interesting of its monuments. It is that of Dorothy Vernon, about whose 
 elopement we have already discoursed, and her husband, Sir John Manners, 
 with their children. This lady, it will be recollected, was one of the daughters 
 and co-heiresses of Sir George Vernon, whose monument we have just been 
 describing, and his first wife, Margaret Taylebois ; and. by her marriage with Sir 
 John Manners, she conveyed Haddon Hall and the other Derbyshire estates of 
 the Vernons to the family of Manners, to whom they still belong. This monu- 
 ment we, for the first time, engrave on the next page. It is a large and very 
 imposing-looking erection. At the top, in the centre, is a large shield, bearing 
 the arms of Manners with its sixteen quarterings, and on either side is an obelisk 
 ornament, one of which bears the arms of Manners, and the other of Vernon. 
 Beneath these are a bold cornice and ornamental frieze, on which again occur 
 three shields with the arms, respectively in the centre Manners impaling 
 Vernon, and on one side Avenell, and on the other Roos. 
 
 This cornice and frieze surmount a semicircular arch, beneath which are the 
 kneeling figures, facing each other, of Sir John Manners, in plate armour, and 
 his wife, Dorothy Vernon, in close-fitting dress, with cap, and frill or ruff around 
 the neck. Between them there is a pedestal, bearing the following inscription :- 
 " Here lyeth S r John Manners, of Haddon, Knight, second sonne of Thoas, Erie 
 of Rutland, who dyed the 4 of June, 1611, And Dorothie his wife, one of the 
 daughters and heires to S r George Vernon, of Haddon, Knight, who deceased 
 the 24 day of June, in the 26 vere of the raigne of Queen Elizabeth, 1584." 
 Above the pedestal is a large shield, with quarterings of the armorial bearing? 
 of the families of Manners and Vernon and their alliances ; the shields bearing 
 the sixteen quarterings of Manners, differenced with a crescent impaled with the 
 twelve quarterings of Vernon. On the spandrels are also shields of arms, the
 
 Vernon and Manners Momiments. 
 
 61 
 
 one bearing Manners quartering Roos and two others ; and the other, Vernon 
 quartering Avenell and two others. The lower part of the monument contains 
 four figures of the children of Sir John and his wife Dorothy (one of which, 
 however, is a restoration), and two shields, the one bearing the arms of Manners, 
 and the other those of Vernon. 
 
 At the opposite or north end of the chapel is a much larger and more pre- 
 
 Monument of Sir Jolm Manners and his Wife, Dorothy Vernon. 
 
 tentious monument, that of Sir George Manners, son and heir of Sir John 
 Manners and Dorothy Vernon, and of his wife, Grace Pierrepoint. At the top 
 is a large shield bearing the arms of Manners with its sixteen quarterings, and on 
 each side is an obelisk. Beneath these is a massive and bold cornice, supported 
 on Corinthian pillars, forming a recess in which is a semicircular arch, elaborately 
 carved, and over it the inscription, " The day of a man's death is better than
 
 62 Haddon Hall. 
 
 the day of his birth." Under this arch and cornice are the effigies of Sir George 
 Manners and his wife, kneeling, and facing each other, while between them is a 
 double desk, or lectern, on the front of which are the words " Thy prayers and 
 thine alms are gone up before thee," and a shield bearing the arms of Manners 
 impaling Pierrepoint. Behind the figures, on a tablet, is a Latin inscription, 
 which has been thus translated : " Sir George Manners of Haddon, Knt., here 
 waits the resurrection of the just in Christ. He married Grace, second 
 daughter of Sir Henry Pierrepoint, Knt., who afterwards bore to him four sons 
 and five daughters, and lived with him in holy wedlock thirty years. She 
 caused him to be buried with his forefathers, and then placed this monument, 
 at her own expense, as a perpetual memorial of their -conjugal faith, and she 
 joined the figure of his body with hers, having vowed their ashes and bones 
 
 should be laid together. He died 23rd April, 1623, aged 54. She died ." 
 
 Sir George is represented in armour, and his lady is habited in close dress, with 
 ruff, hood or coif, and long veil. Beneath the figures of the knight and his lady, 
 the monument is divided into two heights, each of which is formed into an 
 arcade holding the effigies of their children. The upper arcade consists of four 
 semicircular arches, with shields of armorial bearings in the spandrels. Within 
 the first of these arches is the effigy of the eldest son a " chrisom child " who 
 died in infancy, and is, as usual, represented bound up, mummy fashion, in 
 swaddling-clothes ; in the second, tue kneeling effigy, in armour, of John 
 Manners, who ultimately succeeded to the title of eighth Earl of Rutland ; and 
 in the third and fourth, those of two of the daughters. In the lower arcade, 
 which is formed of five archways, the first two being semicircular and the 
 remaining three pointed, are respectively the kneeling effigies of Henry Manners, 
 who died at the age of fourteen, and is habited as a youth ; Roger Manners, in 
 armour ; and three daughters. In the spandrels of the arches, as in the upper 
 arcade, are a series of shields with armorial bearings. Over the nine arches are 
 the nine inscriptions as follows : Over the " chrisom child," " Mine age is 
 nothing in respect of thee ; " over the son and heir, " One generation passeth 
 and another cometh ; " over the youth Henry Manners, " My days were but a 
 span long ; " over the fourth son, Roger, " By the grace of God I am what I 
 am;" over the daughters, beginning with the eldest, "A virtuous woman is a 
 crown to her husband," " The wise woman buildeth her house," " A gracious 
 woman retaineth honour," " A prudent wife is from the Lord," and " She that 
 feareth the Lord shall be praised." On the pedestal, by Sir George, " Christ is 
 to me both in death and life an advantage;" and on the opposite one, by his 
 wife, " I shall go to him, he shall not return to me." The arms on the shields 
 are those of Manners, differenced with a crescent ; Pierrepoint ; Manners 
 impaling Montague ; Sutton impaling Manners ; Howard impaling Manners ; 
 and the other alliances also impaled. 
 
 On the wall is a memorial to John Manners, son of Dorothy Vernon and her 
 husband, Sir John Manners, with the inscription : " Heare lieth buried John 
 Manners, gentleman, third son of S r John Manners, Knight, who died the xvi 
 day of July, in the yeere of our Lord God 1590, being of the age of 14 yeers." 
 
 The most ancient, and certainly one of the most interesting, monuments in
 
 Memorial Windows. 63 
 
 the church is that of Sir Thomas de Wendesley, or Wensley, of Wensley, who 
 was killed at the battle of Shrewsbury in 1403. It is an altar-tomb, with the 
 recumbent effigy of the knight in plate armour, wearing the conical helmet 01 
 bascinet, and camail or tippet of chain mail, with gussets of the same at the arm- 
 pits. His girdle, which is exceedingly rich, encircles his hips ; the sword is lost, 
 but the dagger remains. His surcoat is emblazoned with his arms, and he wears 
 the collar of SS. On the front of the helmet is inscribed IHC NAZAREN. 
 
 In the chancel is an altar-tomb to John Vernon, 1477, the inscription on 
 which runs as follows : " Hie jacet Johis Vernon films et heres Henrici Vernon 
 qui obiit xii die mensis Augusti Anno Dni Mo cccclxxvii cuj anime piciet de ; " 
 and in the Vernon Chapel is an incised slab, with the arms of Eyre. 
 
 In the nave is a small but exceedingly beautiful monument bearing the half- 
 length effigies, side by side, under an elaborately-crocketed canopy, of Sir 
 Godfrey Foljambe and Avena his wife. The knight is represented in armour, 
 with conical helmet or bascinet, and tippet of chain mail ; his surcoat bearing the 
 arms of Foljambe. The lady wears a reticulated caul. In each of the spandrels 
 is a shield, the one bearing the arms of Foljambe, the other that of the family of 
 Ireland, of Hartshorne, to which the lady belonged. 
 
 There are several tablets and inscriptions in various parts of the church which 
 are worthy of a passing glance, and there are also some memorial stained-glass 
 windows of good design. Among these is one in memory of the late Duke of 
 Rutland, representing the Resurrection, bearing the following inscription : 
 " The above window was erected, by subscription, in memory of John Henry, 
 Duke of Rutland, who died aoth January, 1857, aged seventy-nine years." 
 Others are put in to the memory of the late Mr. Allcard, Mr. Jonathan Wilson, 
 and others. 
 
 Before leaving the interior of this fine old church, it will no doubt interest 
 the visitor to be told in fewer words, and more correctly than could be gleaned 
 from the strange tales sometimes told in the place, the story of the uncovering of 
 the remains of Dorothy Vernon, her husband, and other members of the family, 
 during the rebuilding and alteration of the church. When the excavations were 
 commenced on the site of the monument of Sir John Manners and his wife 
 Dorothy Vernon, the remains of two persons, supposed to be the knight and his 
 lady, were found ; the skull of the one was identified as that of Sir John, by its 
 peculiar form and its likeness to his sculptured effigy ; that of the other, which 
 lay near it, with beautiful auburn hair still attached, among which were some pins 
 that had been used to fasten it, was naturally, and no doubt correctly, considered 
 to be that of the once lovely Dorothy. In another part three children's leaden 
 coffins were found, but not opened, and the bones of an infant (probably the 
 " chrisom child " represented on the tomb of Sir George Manners) were discovered 
 rolled up in a sheet of lead. These, no doubt, were the children of different 
 members of the Manners family. A leaden coffin was also found which contained 
 the body of a lady. The part of the lid over the head had been violently torn 
 away the piece of the sheet of lead being missing and this coffin was carefully 
 and thoroughly examined. The body had been buried in lime, but the part of the 
 lid had been torn off, the head cut off, taken out, and surgically examined, and
 
 6 4 
 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 then hastily replaced, but with the face downwards. The rest of the body was 
 undisturbed. Several other bodies were, of course, found, as were some few 
 other interesting matters which require no notice here. 
 
 In the churchyard, near the east wall of the south transept, stands one of the 
 finest so-called " Runic crosses " in the kingdom. It is, exclusive of the modern 
 pedestal, about eight feet in height : the upper limb of the cross is broken off. 
 Of this fine old cross we give an engraving. The front of the cross, which in bad 
 taste has been turned towards the wall, is sculptured in four heights, with figures 
 
 beneath arches, the upper group being 
 the Crucifixion : the whole, however, is 
 much defaced. The opposite side, the 
 one shown in our engraving, is boldly 
 sculptured, with a beautiful scroll-pat- 
 tern of foliage terminating at the top in 
 an animal, and at the bottom in a cross 
 within a circle ; on the head is a figure 
 on horseback. The sides of the cross 
 are sculptured in scroll-work of foliage, 
 of much the same design as the side just 
 described : the end of one of the limbs 
 bears an interlaced ornament, and the 
 other a figure. This cross, and the one 
 at Eyam, a few miles distant, are among 
 the most perfect and beautiful remain- 
 ing examples of the early period to 
 which they belong. 
 
 If the tourist still wishes to linger for 
 a few minutes in the churchyard, he will 
 find much to interest, to please, and to 
 amuse him. To interest him in examining 
 the external features of the church, espe- 
 cially the Norman doorway and arcade, 
 formed of fragments of Norman work, 
 c., at the west end, and the beautiful 
 doorway of Early English design on the 
 south side, as well as the stone coffins 
 grouped together in one coiner. To 
 please him, in the magnificent view he 
 obtains of the surrounding country, es- 
 pecially of the valley of the Wye as it runs its zigzag course towards Haddon ; 
 and to amuse him in reading the strange verses which occur on some of the 
 grave-stones which crowd around him on every side, and in the church itself. 
 One or two of these he will, no doubt, wish to copy, for their quaintness ; so, 
 to save him trouble, we here transcribe them. 
 
 One, to the memory of a former parish clerk and leader of the choir, reads as 
 follows : 
 
 Ancient Cross, Bakewell Churchyard.
 
 Curious Epitaphs. 65 
 
 ERECTED TO THE MEMORY OF PHILIP ROE, WHO DIED I2TH SEPTEMBER, 1815, 
 
 AGED 52 YEARS. 
 
 " The vocal Powers, here let us mark, 
 Of PHILIP, our late Parish Clerk 
 In cnurch, none ever heard a Layman 
 With a clearer Voice say Amen ! 
 Oh ! none with Hallelujah's Sound, 
 Like Him can make the Roofs resound. 
 The Choir lament his Choral Tones, 
 The Town so soon here lie his Bones. 
 Sleep undisturbed, within thy peaceful shrine, 
 Till angels wake thee with such tones as thine." 
 
 Another long inscription to the memory of John Dale, barber-surgeon, of 
 Bakewell, and his two wives, Elizabeth Foljambe and Sarah Bloodworth, 1737, 
 thus curiously ends : 
 
 "Know posterity, that on the 8th of April, in the year of grace, 1737, the rambling remains 
 of the above said John Dale were, in the 86th yeare of his pilgrimage, laid upon his two wives. 
 " This thing in life might raise some jealousy, 
 Here all three lie together lovingly, 
 But from embraces here no pleasure flows, 
 Alike are here all human joys and woes ; 
 
 Here Sarah's chiding John no longer hears, 
 And old John's rambling Sarah no more fears ; 
 A period's come to all their toilsome lives, 
 The good man's quie. ; still are both his wives." 
 
 Another reads as follows : 
 
 " These lines, I with watery eye, 
 
 For my dear friend indite, 
 "Who for his worth, none such on earth, 
 Heaven crown him with true light. 
 
 " A lawyer just, a steward most just, 
 
 As ever sate in court, 
 Who lived beloved, with tears interred, 
 This is his true report." 
 
 Another, locally said to have been written by Charles Wesley, brother to the 
 founder of Methodism, reads as follows : 
 
 " Beneath, a sleeping infant lies, 
 
 To earth whose body lent, 
 More glorious shall hereafter rise, 
 
 Though not more innocent ; 
 When the Archangel's trump shall blow, 
 
 And souls to bodies join, 
 Thousands shall wish their lives below 
 
 Had been as short as thine." 
 
 It may be as well to note that the principal inn at Bakewell is the " Rutland 
 Arms ;" it is a family hotel, but there are also the " Castle " and other comfortable 
 inns in the place. Opposite the " Rutland Arms " are the baths and bath- 
 gardens. The baths, which were known to the Romans, have the reputation of 
 being efficacious in rheumatism.
 
 66 
 
 Haddon Hall. 
 
 Having already very briefly alluded to the routes by which Haddon Hall 
 may be visited, both from Buxton on the one hand, and from Derby on the 
 other, and having then spoken of some of the attractions of Buxton, it may be 
 well now to say a few words regarding Matlock Bath, through which the visitor 
 will pass by rail on his journey from London, from Derby, or from the North. 
 
 MATLOCK BATH is about seven miles from Haddon Hall ; and, exclusive of 
 its baths, which are as famous as those of Buxton, and for the benefit of which 
 the invalid may pass the season pleasantly and profitably, it has attractions of 
 scenery which no other inland watering-place can boast. Its " High Tor," rising 
 
 The High Tor, Matlock Bath. 
 
 almost perpendicularly to a height of about 400 feet above the liver Derwent, 
 which flows at its base ; its " Lovers' Walks," winding along by the side of the 
 river, and zigzagging up the mountain side ; its " Heights of Abraham " and 
 " Masson " towering over the valley; its "romantic rocks," and its many caverns ; 
 its " petrifying wells," its " grottoes," and its other attractions, render Matlock Bath 
 a place of delight to the tourist ; while the surrounding district, rich in minerals, 
 in ferns, and in other botanical specimens, and full of gorgeous scenery, is 
 " passing beautiful," and will amply repay the pleasant labour of exploring.
 
 Mat lock Bath. 
 
 At Matlock Bath the principal hotels are the "New Bath," "Walker's Terrace 
 Hotel," "The Temple," and " Hodgkinson's," and the place swarms with lodging- 
 houses and all things to attract and to keep the tourist. From Matlock delightful 
 day-trips may be made to Haddon Hall, to Hardwick Hall, and to Chatsworth, 
 the " Palace of the Peak " the princely seat of the Duke of Devonshire ; to 
 Dovedale, with its glorious scenery, and its pleasant associations with old 
 Izaak Walton and Charles Cotton ; to the Via Gellia and its surroundings ; 
 to Lea Hurst, the early home of Flo- 
 rence Nightingale ; and to numberless 
 other places of interest all eabily at- 
 tainable by railroad or carriage. The 
 Railway Station is conveniently placed 
 near to the High Tor, and there are 
 abundance of trains both ways every day. 
 Well-appointed carriages for hire are abun- 
 dant for those who wish to drive, while 
 boats may be had by those who wish to 
 " dip the smooth oar" into the glassy sur- 
 1 face of the river. 
 
 And now we take our leave of grand 
 old Haddon. But first let us give thanks 
 to the noble owner the Duke of Rutland 
 that he freely opens its gates to all 
 comers, keeps it in a state of neatness and 
 order, and takes especial care that Time 
 shall make no further inroads on the man- 
 sion of his ancestors. Preserving it for 
 the enjoyment of all who seek instruction 
 and pleasure there ; permitting them to 
 make of one of its rooms a dinner-room 
 for the day ; rendering it, by all these faci- 
 lities, the common property of the public ; 
 and by his occasional presence ascertaining that all is done that can be clone 
 for their happiness while in its grounds or within its walls his Grace thus 
 practically comments on the exhortation and protest of the Poet-laureate 
 
 " Why don't those acred sirs 
 Throw up their parks some dozen times a year, 
 And let the people breathe ? " 
 
 and shows that he, as well as his princely neighbour at Chatsworth his Grace 
 the Duke of Devonshire has pride in making his treasures available for 
 increasing the happiness of the people. 
 
 The Rutland Cavern, Matlock Bath. 
 
 J-KiM'h.U BY J. 8. V1KTUK AKU CO., LIM1TK1), CITY KOA1),
 
 MONTHLY, rRICE 'IS. OL). 
 
 
 ***t "ohSHLI 
 
 
 
 " Artistic in tone from the first page 
 to the last." The Times. 
 
 " Raising its long-established emi- 
 
 Daily Telegraph. 
 
 " Exceptionally good engravings 
 and etchings." Athencetim.
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
 
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 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 
 
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