LIBRARY
OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
GIFT OF
MRS. MARY WOLFSOHN
IN MEMORY OF Q > {)
HENRY wni F<;OHN_
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LECTURE XII.
CANA. CAPERNAUM. JERUSALEM.
A. Cana.
I. The wedding feast. (J. ii, 1-11.)
1. Cana of Galilee ; location (?) ; home of Nathanael.
2. A Jewish wedding.
3. The guests. The feast.
4. More abundant life.
B. Capernaum.
I. Study the geography of the region around Sea of Galilee.
(See Camb. Bib., Matt. 49.)
C. The cleansing of the Temple. (J. ii, 13-25.)
I. The feast of the Passover. (Apr. ? 27 A. D.)
1. The money changers.
2. Traffic in sacrificial animals.
3. The temple bazaars. The " ring " of the House of Annas.
II. The Lamb aroused.
1. Compare John and Jesus.
2. Begins public career by an act of defiance.
3. The whip of cords.
III. The destruction of the Temple.
1. "You are destroying this Temple and I will build it
again."
2. The rebuilding of the Temple.
IV. The challenge.
1. Priest and people.
2. The courage of the critic.
34
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LECTURE XIII.
CHRIST AND NICODEMUS.
I. The results of the temple cleansing.
1. Opposition.
2. Questions.
II. The heresy of Jesus.
1. Heresy the conflict of life with opinion. "A taking for
one's self."
2. Two ways of committing heresy.
a. Fighting fire with fire bigotry with bigotry.
b. Living. Life always in conflict with philosophy. The
true follower of Christ always a heretic.
8. Our attitude toward orthodoxy.
(i. Respect when we speak ; deference when we judge. It
is the opinion of the many.
b. Indifference when we act. Our ideals are within, not
without.
III. Nicodemus. (J. iii, 1-15.)
1. A sanhedrist ; a pharisee.
2. His character.
3. Subsequent history. (J. vii, 50-52; ix, 39.)
IV. Is religion a system of doctrines or a life ?
1. The (implied) question of Nicodemus: "What new doc-
trine have you to teach ? "
2. The hunt for new 7 doctrines.
3. Christ's answer, v. 3. Not new doctrines, but new life.
V. Regeneration.
1. Jewish ideas concerning it.
2. Christ's teaching it.
3. Christian ideas concerning it.
4. Like begets like.
VI. Spirit of skepticism. Illustrated. How met.
VII. The spiritual in religion.
1. Rationalism and spirituality.
2. The ignorance of the wise.
3. The enemies of Christ's teaching.
a. Ecclesiasticism substituting ceremonialism for worship.
b. Traditionalism substituting opinion for life.
36
LECTURE XIV.
SYCHAR.
(John iv, 5-42.)
I. Samaria : location ; people ; temple ; worship ; relations be-
tween Samaritans and Jews.
II. Sychar : location; Jacob's well. (Gen. xxxiii, 18-20.)
III. The woman of Samaria : her character. Christ's treatment
of outcasts.
IV. Christ as a conversationalist.
1. He worked with individuals more than assemblies.
2. Compare with other teachers.
3. His method illustrated.
4. His sympathy. What is tact ?
5. His power of drawing out.
6. His spirituality.
7. Always master of the conversation.
V. The lessons of the incident.
1. The water of life.
2. The way out of controversy.
VI. His assumption of the Messiahship.
VII. The wonder of the disciples.
1. A woman.
2. A Samaritan.
3. An audience of one.
Questions :
1. What gave Christ his power over the traders in the temple ?
2. Does the breaking up of theological systems indicate a de-
cline of religion ?
3. What is orthodoxy ? Consider the student's relation to it.
LECTURE XV.
THE RETURN TO GALILEE.
(J. iv, 43-54; Lk. iv, 14-23.)
I. The change in the home atmosphere. The Galileans received
him.
II. The nobleman's son.
1. The prayer and its answer.
2. From sight to insight.
a. Faith defined.
b. Two kinds illustrated.
3. The external Christ.
4. Signs and wonders no basis of faith.
III. Christ's definition of his mission.
1. Character of his preaching.
a. Simple and powerful.
b. In the vernacular of the common people.
c. Always elevating and spiritual.
d. No eloquence or rhetoric.
e. Not scholastic or priestly.
2. Condition of his audiences.
a. Government despotic.
b. Labor enslaved.
Masses hopelessly ignorant.
Scribes in place of prophets.
e. Taxation was robbery.
/. Stupor of hopelessness.
g. The Golden Age behind.
3. His message. (Lk. iv, 18-19.)
4. Rejected by the Nazarines. (Lk. iv, 24-30.)
IV. The change contemporaneous with the growth of Christianity.
V. " By their fruits ye shall know them."
40
LXI
\
LECTURE XVI.
OPENING OF THE GALILEAN MINISTRY.
(Matt, iv, 12-25 ; Mk. i, 14-45 ; ii, 1-12 ; Lk. iv-v.)
I. The enjoyment of success.
1. Rejected at Jerusalem and Nazareth. Received at Sychar
and Capernaum.
2. The power and duty of sympathy.
II. The reception at Capernaum.
1. Men of Galilee : honest, simple, impulsive, open-minded,
and impressible.
2. Men of Jerusalem : self-seeking, sophistical, critical.
3. Dangerous use of criticism.
III. The fishermen of Galilee.
1. Peter and Andrew ; James and John.
2. Christ's first pulpit.
3. The lesson of the breaking net.
IV. The final call of the disciples.
1. Fishers of men.
V. In the synagogue.
1. Christ's sermons.
2. He spoke with authority and not as the scribes.
3. The appeal to conscience instead of precedent. (Read
Geikie, Life of Christ, II, 3-4.)
VI. The treatment of the lunatic : contrast with the custom.
VII. Demoniacal possession.
1. How regarded by the Jews ; treatment.
2. Suggested explanations.
VIII. Peter's home : health for activity.
IX. Sabbath evening : his work and rest.
42
V
LECTURE XVII.
THE SABBATH.
(J. v, 1-47; Mk. ii, 23; iii, 6.)
I. The incidents.
1. The pool of Bethesda ; its legend.
2. The corn-fields ; the Sabbath for man.
3. The withered hand ; lawful to do good.
II. Elements of hostility to Jesus.
1. Set himself against established order in church and state.
2. Undermined the religious forms of the day.
3. Attacked race-prejudice.
4. Summary : race-pride, theological prejudice, superstitions,
reverence, organized selfishness. These always the foes
of Christ.
III. The Sabbath.
1. Its origin.
2. Laws do not originate in commandments, but command-
ments in laws.
3. Early idea of the Sabbath.
4. The Sabbath of the Pharisees.
5. The Puritan Sabbath.
6. Sabbath and Sunday ; historical connection.
IV. Christ and the Sabbath.
1. The protests against the social aspects. (Lk. xiv, 1-7
and 12.)
2. The Sabbath made for man.
3. Went to the synagogue.
4. Rebuked legalism.
V. What shall we do with Sunday?
1. How good must I be, or how good can I be ?
2. Sunday study.
3. Sunday work.
4. What shall we make others do ?
(Read the Sermon on the Mount as preparation for next lecture.)
44
LECTURES XVIII-XX.
THE SERMON ON THE MOUNT.
(Matt, v-vii ; Lk. vi, 20-49.)
I. Object of the discourse.
1. An inaugural address.
2. A setting forth of the new kingdom.
3. Not the sum of the gospel teaching.
4. Not to give a set of rules for life.
5. To create an appetite for righteousness.
II. Contrast with Sinai ; with rabbinical teachings.
III. The plan of the sermon. Theme : the Kingdom of God.
1. v, 3-16. The character of true disciples.
a. The beatitudes.
b. Application to life.
2. v, 17-48. The laws of Christ contrasted with laws of Moses.
a. Murder.
b. Adultery.
c. Swearing.
d. Retaliation.
e. Relations with our enemies.
3. vi, 1-34 ; vii, 1-6. Principles of Christ's kingdom con-
trasted with the practices of the Pharisees,
ft. Almsgiving.
b. Prayer.
c. Fasting.
d. Fretting.
e. Censoriousness.
4. vii, 7-27. How to enter the kingdom,
ft. First condition : faith.
b. Second condition : obedience.
c. Warnings against false teachers.
d. The test of true religion.
IV. The analysis of the sermon.
1. The beatitudes.
INNER LIFE TOWARD GOD. OUTER LIFE TOWARD MEN.
1. The poor in spirit.
2. They that mourn. 3. The meek.
4. They that hunger. 5. The merciful.
6. The pure in heart. 7. The peace-makers.
8. Persecuted for righteousness sake.
The salt of the earth. The light of the world.
46
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48 LIFE OF CHRIST.
THE LAWS OF THE NEW KINGDOM CONTRASTED WITH THE LAWS
OF MOSES.
I. Not to destroy, but to fulfill.
1. No repealing clause in the New Testament.
2. Law regulates only external conduct.
3. Laws are contemporary contrivances to run people who
are without character. When character is developed
the law is useless and becomes obsolete.
4. Christ equally opposed to external legalism of the Phari-
see and the spirit which makes his precepts the chief
part of Christianity.
5. Christ fulfilled in three ways.
a. By spiritualizing.
b. By showing the end of the law to be character, not
conduct.
c. By giving the power of obedience.
II. How is character to be attained ?
1. The common method.
2. Christ's method. Except your righteousness exceed the
righteousness of the scribes and Pharisees you cannot
enter the kingdom.
a. Principles, not forms.
b. Love, not self-righteousness and pride.
c. Moral righteousness, not ceremonial.
d. Legalism can never be complete.
3. Examples.
a. Murder : thought as well as deed.
b. Adultery : the wretchedness of evil in the heart.
c. Swearing : only the man who respects himself can allow
his no to stand alone.
d. Retaliation.
e. Relations with our enemies.
50 LIFE OF CHRIST.
THE PRINCIPLES OF CHRIST'S KINGDOM CONTRASTED WITH THE
PRACTICES OF THE PHARISEES.
I. Introductory. Negative and positive characters.
1. Ethical systems contrasted with Christianity,
a. The principle of non-interference.
2. Christ's view of love.
a. Egoism contrasted with altruism.
II. Doing right things from wrong motives.
1. Externalism : a new name for an old sin.
a. The man of the future : a creator, not a recipient.
2. Moral counterfeiting : passing off our baser motives for our
nobler ones.
a. Life as a commercial transaction.
b. ''They have their reward."
3. Almsgiving : our part of our gift is our motive ; this only
concerns us.
4. Prayer. (See Lecture XXI.)
5. Fasting : practices of the Pharisees.
a. Christ's conflict with it.
b. Matt, ix, 14-17.
c. Joyousness of life.
d. True and false fasting.
6. The law of Christian reformation.
a. Entire.
b. Internal.
c. The new life not patched on the old.
d. The new spirit not contained in old forms.
e. Fermentation.
III. Moral excellence contrasted with physical treasure.
a. There is but one road to heaven for you, and that leads
through your vineyard.
IV. Fretting. (Matt, vi, 19-34.)
1. Care.
2. Seeking first.
3. Giving versus getting.
V. Censoriousness. (Read Beecher's Life of Christ, I, 353-363.)
LECTURE XXI.
CHRIST'S TEACHING CONCERNING PRAYER.
(Matt, vi, 5-15; vii, 21-27.)
I. Prayer customs among the Jews.
II. Christ's criticism. Ostentation defeats the object of prayer.
III. Christ's prayer.
1. The address.
2. The petitions.
3. Its analysis.
IV. Our idea of prayer intimately connected with our idea of God.
1. Does God change ?
2. Does man change ?
V. Evolution of prayer in man.
1. All centers in self.
2. The recognition of two centers : God and man.
3. God the center. "Thy will be done."
4. Educational effect of prayer.
VI. Object of prayer. (Jordan, Evolution, bottom of page 59.)
1. God's will (knowledge).
2. Man's will (choice).
3. "I will" (obedience).
VII. The idea of God.
1. Immutable. Consistent with himself.
2. Just. Impartial.
3. Righteous.
4. Omnipresent.
5. This not always the idea of theology.
"When we have broken our god of tradition and ceased
from our god of rhetoric, then may God fire the heart with his
presence." Emerson.
VIII. Some objections.
1. Can not God overrule his own laws ?
2. Fatalism.
3. God unapproachable.
52
54 LIFE OF CHRIST.
IX. The active element in prayer.
1. Matt, vii, 21.
2. Prayer itself the chief agency for answering prayer.
X. Relation between our prayer and our knowledge.
1. We can not pray beyond our belief.
2. All prayer conditioned on faith.
Questions :
1. In the light of Christ's teaching, what is character ?
2. Discuss the law hidden in Christ's figure, " New wine in
old bottles."
3. What is prayer ?
LECTURE XXII.
THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH.
I. Introductory.
II. Definition of Christian church.
1. Limitations of present discussion. (For full discussion see
last lectures.)
III. The evolution of the church.
1. Offshoots.
2. Degeneration.
3. Growth by successive explosions which burst through en-
crusted walls of form and precedent.
IV. The law of co-operation.
1. Altruism and religion. (Jordan, Evolution, 64.)
V. The mission of the church.
1. Christ's work. To do in a certain field what Christ did in
Palestine.
2. Negatively stated.
a. Not to build a great organization.
b. Not to worship.
c. Not to be a school of philosophy, the guardian of a
creed, the teacher of doctrine.
d. These the means, not the end.
3. The failure of formalism.
4. Many-sidedness of love. The church of the future.
VI. The permanency and power of the church. What is back
of it?
1. Not due to fear and superstition.
2. Not because of any particular creed.
3. Not because of its wealth.
4. Not any historic connection with the past.
. 5. In the measure of Christ's spirit which it embodies.
VII. The secret of Christ's power.
1. Identity of his will with God's will.
2. The divine element.
VIII. Our relation to the church.
1. Our relation to the work. Personal.
2. Our relation to others. Social.
56
LECTURE XXIII.
SIGIS'S OF THE MESSIAH.
I. Closing words of the sermon. (Matt, vii, 21-29.)
1. Hearing and doing.
2. That part of our knowledge and our conviction which be-
comes action is permanent.
II. The effect of the sermon.
III. The period of popularity.
1. A fascinating preacher.
2. Joined religion and philanthropy.
3. A man of the common people.
4. Opposed to asceticism.
5. A herald of freedom.
6. New doctrines.
IV. The elements of his popularity also the elements of hos-
tility. (See Lecture XVII, ii, 4.)
V. The signs of his messiahship.
1. His works. Attitude toward the miracles.
2. His words.
8. His life. His life and personality the chief explanation of
his works and words.
VI. The scientific test.
1. The study of the records. A conclusion becomes
2. A working hypothesis.
3. The gospels re-read in the light of the hypothesis.
4. The gospel definition of a miracle.
VII. Would not another do as well ?
1. Are we seeking a perfect being to worship or perfection in
ourselves ?
2. The test of an ideal.
58
LECTURE XXIV.
TEACHING BY PARABLES.
(Matt, xiii, 1-53 ; Mk. iv, 1-34 ; Lk. viii, 4-18.)
I. Parables.
1. Use by the Jews in teaching.
2. Value as illustrations.
8. Peculiarities of Christ's parables.
a. Allegorical.
?>. Not applied.
II. Christ's reasons for using parables.
1. His first teaching direct.
a. Illustrate by Sermon on the Mount.
b. This met with scorn and hardness.
2. Mk. iv, 11. The question of the disciples and Christ's
answer.
3. Penal. Testing the disposition of those who listened.
4. Sifting the fit from the unfit. In thought as well as brawn
we are struggling for existence.
5. Attractive and educational. A hold for memory.
6. Disarming. The naked hook concealed.
7. Always used on an un receptive audience.
III. The evolution of the kingdom.
1. The teachings of Christ best interpreted by using idea of
growth as a clue.
2. The kingdom does not come suddenly but gradually. Small
beginnings. From low and simple to high and complex.
3. The kingdom like a seed.
4. Comes by human endeavor. (Parable of the sower.)
5. Growth comes with opposition. (Parable of the tares.)
6. Growth not to be measured by its small beginning. (Par-
able of the mustard seed.)
7. Christ the disturber. Agitation a sign of life. (Parable of
the leaven.)
8. The end worth the cost. (Parable of the pearl of great
price. )
9. When and what is the harvest ? (Parable of the net and
fishes.)
60
. JlJt.
LECTURE XXV.
THE TRAINING OF THE DISCIPLES.
J. Was christ opposed to education ?
1. He did not attend any of the schools of his time. (Mk. vi,
2; J. vi, 42.)
2. Criticised the schools and their teachers.
3. His friends were largely ignorant men.
4. His enemies were school men.
5. Character of the schools of Christ's time.
a. Classical; not practical.
I). Developed the class, not the individual.
II. When is a man educated ?
1. " When he is good company for himself." Jordan.
2. When he is helpful.
3. Failure of the rabbinical schools to do this.
III. Revolts against established systems always in the direction
of more life.
IV. Christ's teachings the foundation of modern education.
1. The Kingdom of God is within.
2. Make the most of every man.
Here lies the key to the development of our public school,
our social and political systems, and the unfolding protestantism
of the age.
V. The preparation of the Apostles for their work.
1. Both theoretical and practical.
a. Their lecture course.
b. Example of his life.
r. Their experimental missionary circuit.
2. The motive: compassion. (Matt, ix, 36.)
a. The multitude: fainted (were harassed); scattered ; no
shepherd.
b. The harvest plenteous, laborers few.
VI. The commission. (Matt, x, 1-15.)
1. Begin at home.
2. The message.
3. The work.
a. Healing, cleansing, life-giving.
b. The institutional church.
VII. The call for workers.
62
LECTURE XXVI.
CHRIST JN JERUSALEM.
(The unnamed feast. John v.)
I. Signs of the coming storm.
1. Suspicion, dislike, hostility, spies from Jerusalem.
2. Murder of the Baptist.
a. His last testimony concerning Christ.
b. A prisoner of Herod Antipas. (Matt, xiv, 3-4.)
c. Machserus.
(L John's disciples visit Jesus.
e. Herod's perplexity concerning John. (Mk. vi, 20.)
/. The loyalty of John's disciples.
[1] Like all "sects''' they ended where their leader
began.
(/. Christ's testimony concerning John.
It. The feast and the dancers.
i. The hasty promise fulfilled ; would appear honorable
to men, though unfaithful to himself.
j. John's ghost in Herod's dreams. (Lk. ix, 7-9.)
A-. Effect of John ; s murder.
II. The unnamed feast at Jerusalem.
1. Feast days among the Jews.
2. Friends as well as enemies at Jerusalem.
3. The journey probably taken alone.
III. The pool of Bethesda.
1. The interpolated legend.
2. The impotent man.
3. A Sabbath-breaker.
IV. Heresy hunters.
1. When the inner power and meaning of a religion are dead
its forms are most prominent.
2. W r hen a religion has decayed in its spiritual life then is it
most active and suspicious and tyrannical in its hunt
for heresy.
3. Examples from history.
4. Heresy-hunting a sign of spiritual decline.
64
W LIFE OF CHRIST.
V. The results of the work.
1. What law was broken ?
% 2. State's evidence.
8. "They began to persecute Jesus."
VI. The rabbis rebuked.
1. The man aroused.
2. He assumes superiority.
o. The three witnesses against them. (Farrar, Life of Christ,
176-179.)
LECTURE XXVII.
THE BREAK WITH THE PHARISEES.
I. Introductory.
1. Security in obscurity.
2. Security in popularity.
a. Conformity and immortality. Spencer.
b. Christ protected "for fear of the people.''
3. Danger in prominence.
a. Christ's popularity rested largely on the excited wonder
of an Oriental crowd.
4. Danger in opposition.
5. Nature puts a premium on prominence, on unlikeness, on
contrariness, on individuality.
6. Penalties for obscurity and conformity. "The obscure
shall be more obscure/' "To him that hath it shall be
given."
7. The leaders have always been martyrs.
a. Darwin. Luther. Paul. Christ.
b. The man who lives his life will always find his Calvary.
c. The martyrs of yesterday the saints today.
II. Reasons for opposition of Pharisees. (Lecture XIII, viii :
XVII, ii. Review.)
III. Opposition disguised, indirect, probably unorganized until
after Bethesda.
1. The incident at pool of Bethesda a critical point in Christ's
life. (See Lecture XXVI ; J. v, 1-47.)
2. Public repudiation of Christ's claims by the authorities at
the capital.
a. Spies.
b. Devices to entrap him. (Read J. v, 1(5 and 18.)
8. Open hostilities. (J. v, 87-47.)
IV. Consciousness of impending doom.
1. Change in Christ's attitude and speech.
2. Return to Galilee. Murder of the Baptist. (Lecture
XXVI, i.)
a. Bethsaida Julias. Five thousand fed. Multitude
would make him king.
b. Disciples sent by boat to Capernaum. (J. vi, 1-21.)
c. Jesus on the water. Peter's rash attempt. (Mk. xiv,
28.)
68
LECTURE XXVI1L
THE BREAD OF LIFE.
I. Introduction.
1. The incident. (J. vi, 1-25.) 3. The discourse. (J. vi, 26-65.)
2. The place Capernaum. 4. Results. (J. vi, 66 71.)
II. The effect of the miracle.
1. Instead of arousing understanding, it only made them long
for more works.
a. Loaves and fishes as bait to attract crowds.
b. Nicholas Minturri. (Holland, 224 and 232.)
2. The effect of the manna.
3. The miracles seemed to be a stumbling block to the Jews.
4. The real foundation of faith.
III. The sermon on the Bread of Life.
1. Its figures. Common in Jewish literature. (Farrar, Life
of Christ, 196.)
2. Not lack of understanding, but lack of will.
3. Much of teaching is testing.
a. Objects.
[1] To end the selfish hopes of the Jews.
[2] To speak to the hating and materialistic Jews words
they would not understand. (Lecture XXJV.)
[3] To lead the disciples to a clearer understanding.
4. The effect.
a. Put an end to his popularity.
/>. Confirmed his conviction that the kingdom was not to
be set up in his life-time.
c. Private instruction to disciples.
IV. Meaning of the discourse.
1. Disputes of theologians. (Ency. Brit., Eucharist, 653.)
a. Were Christ's words to be taken literally? (J. vi,
49, 58, 63.)
b. More than acceptance of his teaching.
c. The completed metaphor.
[1] Eating, digesting, assimilating.
d. The spiritualized metaphor.
[1] Transcendent influences of personality.
[2] Interpretation of the figure.
[3] The Kingdom of God, loyalty to God ; inherited
by living a life like Christ ; the change internal ;
not power over men, but self-control ; not new
conditions of life, but new life.
70
LECTURE XXIX.
WHAT SHALL WE THINK ?
(Matt, xv, 1-20; Mk. vii, 1-23.)
I. The appearance of the spies.
1. Commissioned from Jerusalem.
2. Their question. (Mk. vii, 2-5.)
II. The religion of ritualism.
1. The Pharisee takes more pleasure in blaming another than
in amending himself.
2. The wail of ecclesiasticism, "Why walk not thy disciples
according to the traditions of the elders ? "
3. Our relation to the past.
a. Its use.
b. Dangers of traditionalism.
III. Christ's analysis of ritualism. (Mk. vii, 1-23.)
1. Its worship is vain ; v. 7.
a. True worship. Spontaneous ; self-forgetful ; natural.
2. Its origin human ; v. 8.
a. Human opinions treated as divine laws.
3. Displaces divine law by human ceremonies ; vv. 913.
4. Robs the individual of his freedom.
IV. The weapons of the Pharisees, turned against themselves.
1. Compare verses 2-5 with verse 8.
2. The faults we see in others most often our own faults.
V. Concerning purity.
1. The audience now the people ; v. 14.
2. Nothing that is, and remains external, denies.
a. Defilement internal.
b. Vices (vv. 21-22) originate in the heart.
c. Giving expression to evil thoughts confirms in evil.
VI. Thoughts concerning character building.
1. We are what we think.
a. Never on guard with ourselves.
b. The habitual thought makes the man.
c. If you would know yourself, look within.
d. Our control of our thoughts.
e. Our ideals the company we keep when we are alone.
/. Sin breeds sin.
2. The world what we interpret it.
(Read Earrar, Life of Christ, xxxi-xxxiii.)
72
LECTURE XXX.
THE PERIOD OK SECLUSION.
(Matt, xvi, 13-28 ; Mk. vii, 24-37 ; viii, 1-88.)
T. The nation not ready.
1. A change in the plan of attack.
a. No longer open warfare with great multitudes, but with
the quiet leavening power of a few true lives.
2. Avoids publicity. Hitherto he had ignored it.
a. The blind man of Bethsaida. (Mk. viii, 22.)
b. Secrecy enjoined. (Mk. vii, 36 ; viii, 26.)
r. Taunted by his brethern for hiding. (J. vii, 2-5.)
II. Objects of the seclusion.
1. He did not seek to preach but to rest.
2. Uninterrupted conference with his disciples.
8. He wished to make sure of his work before his enemies
triumphed.
III. Tyre and Sidon. (Mk. vii, 24.)
1. His fame had preceded him.
2. Syro-phenician.
8. His strange reply to her request, (v. 27.)
4. Rebuked the narrowness of his disciples by seeming to
partake of it.
IV. Decapolis.
1. The deaf and dumb man. (Mk. vii, 32-87.)
2. Christ's care to appear to use means.
V. Magdala. (Matt, xv, 39.) Dalmanutha. (Mk. viii, 10.)
1. Sadducees and Pharisees united,
a. The ruling classes.
[1] Pharisees. Religionists.
[2] Sadducees. Secularists.
[3] Herodians. Romanists.
2. They demand a sign. (Matt, xvi, 1-4.)
a. His miracles not wonderful to them. They did not
comprehend his life. They desired signs from heaven.
J). The unrecognized signs.
8. The woe of Chorazin and Bethsaida. (Matt, xi, 20.)
<(. The "sign" had been given, and had failed.
1>. The leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees. (Mk.
viii, 15.)
r. The work in Galilee finished.
74
LECTURES XXX1-XXXII.
IS JESUS THE CHRIST ?
(Matt, xvi, 13-28.)
I. Csesarea. Philippi.
1. Its temple on the rock. Dedicated to Caesar. Worship of
political power.
2. Its sanctuary in the grotto. Dedicated to Pan. Worship
of the forces of nature.
II. The incident.
1. Deserted and a fugitive.
2. All the Jewish conceptions of Christ had been shattered.
3. Had the seed sprouted ?
ILL The momentous question, (v. 13.)
1. The New Testament meaning of the term " Son of man."
2. The answers of the multitude.
a. John the Baptist.
b. Elijah.
r. Jeremiah.
d. A prophet.
e. No one saw in him the Messiah.
3. Peter's answer, (v. 16.)
a. The Christ. Peter's meaning.
b. The living God the Jewish figure.
4. Christ's reply.
a. Flesh and blood a metaphor to denote man in con-
tradistinction to God.
5. The foundation of the church, (v. 18.)
a. The spiritual union of God and man.
h. Condition of membership. Faith in what Christ stood
for.
c. Condition of power. Faith in what Christ lived for.
IV. The promise of the key.
1. The Jewish interpretation of Christ's figure.
2. Christ's meaning.
To my disciples (those who have chosen me as the ideal
of their inner lives) I give the authority over their own
spiritual lives, that they may no longer be bound by
rules as the Pharisees, but shall bind and loose them-
selves as seerns best to the spirit of liberty within.
76
TS LIFE OF CHRIST.
V. The changing attitude toward religion.
1. The old era of feeling faith versus infidelity.
2. The new era of thought belief versus agnosticism.
8. The part of modern science in this change.
a. Overcome atheism.
/>. Inspired respect for mystery.
r. The amount of mystery constant. (Herbert Spencer,
Sociology.)
d. Wavering faith in efficacy of natural selection.
[1] Address of Salisbury before British Association.
[2] Weismann's alternative.
4. The growing power of the personality of Jesus.
a. Dwarfing of sects.
b. A factor in social problems.
c. The effect on theology.
(L Christ a fact of science.
VI. From the intellectual to the spiritual conception of Christ.
1. The limitations of the intellect.
a. Imposes its conditions on faith.
h. "Faith is the synthesis of reason and spiritual ap-
proval."
'2. The spiritual faculty. Defined.
a. Is this the same at the bottom as the intellect ?
1>. Is the intellect at the bottom the same as the physical
nature ?
r. These questions for psychology.
8. The intellectual conception.
a. The historical fact.
b. The character.
c. Comparative study of life and character.
d. This the limit of the intellect.
4. The added spiritual conception.
a. The spiritual never can act without the intellectual
foundation.
b. The development of the spiritual conception.
c. The answer to Christ's question really the attitude
toward life.
5. The cultivation of the spiritual life.
(Optional readings for controversies based on v. 18 : Farrar.
Life of Christ, 369-372 ; Geikie, Life of Christ, xlvi ; Ency. Brit.,
art. Popedom ; Ency. Brit., art. Catholic Church ; Abbott, Com.
Matt., 201.)
(See Outlook, April 21, 1894 : Passing from .Jesus to the Christ.)
(See Outlook, Oct. 6, 1894 : Spritual Life.)
LECTURE XXXI11.
SELF-SACRIFICE.
(Matt, xvi, 21-28.)
I. The work of Jesus half completed.
1. The disciples knew him : the foundations laid.
a. His remaining history must be studied in the light of
this fact.
2. He begins to foretell his own death.
a. How did he know it ?
/;. Broken to them gradually.
c. They could not comprehend.
[1] New thoughts must always be collected in the
garments of the old.
3. Peter's misconception and rebuke, (vv. 22-33.)
. Struggle for the life of others.
r. "But the greatest of these is love/' (See Drummond,
Ascent of Man.)
LECTURE XXXIV.
THE TRANSFIGURATION. DOCTK1NK OF IMMORTALITY.
(Lk. ix, 28-36; Matt, xvii, 14-20, 22-27 ; II Pet. i, 1(>-18.)
I. The incident.
1. Narrated by all the apostles.
2. Time and place.
8. Probable object.
II. Was it a dream ?
1. A concurrent dream as much a miracle as a supernatural
visitation.
2. Dangers of rational explanations.
III. Was it a legend ?
1. The time element.
2. The intent of the narrators.
IV. The reality and character of the spiritual world.
1 . A common view. Death a long sleep.
2. New Testament teaching concerning this point.
a. Emphasis of spiritual detracts from importance of
physical.
b. No break in continuity of life.
c. The physical body repudiated.
8. Swedenborg's dream.
4. Where is the abode of spirits ?
V. Are there rational grounds for believing in immortality ?
1. Any clear, accurate, and definite conception of the spiritual
world impossible.
2. The pictorial teaching of the Bible concerning incompre-
hensible realities.
8. Do we know things we can not demonstrate ?
a. The allegory of the worm.
4. Universal belief.
5. Personal conviction.
6. Effect of belief in immortality on living.
7. This doctrine the central teaching of Christianity.
a. Secondary nature of body and mind.
b. The ego.
84
"><> LIFK OF CHRIST.
VI. Conclusions from Christ's teachings.
1. The spiritual existence is real.
2. The judgment day is now.
0. The spiritual world is very close.
VII. Dangers of spiritualism.
1. Earthly activities forsaken for dreams.
'2. Spiritual ecstasy no substitute for practical duty.
LECTURE XXXV.
THE PARABLES OF THE LOST.
(Lk. xv, 1-32.)
I. 1'erea.
1. Its location, ruins, population.
2. Time, uncertain chronology.
8. Ministry in Perea.
II. The first parable : The lost sheep.
1. Lost to society.
2. Individualism developed through society.
a. The race a partnership.
Human life impossible without society.
Industrial and political organizations.
(/. The individual must serve the organization, or disin-
tegration follows.
8. The heart of all organization is loyalty.
a. Loyalty implies :
[1] Freedom.
[2] Subserviency.
b. Society is the voluntary cooperation of free men for the
common good.
c. The paradox of liberty : only that man is free who will-
ingly serves.
[1] Not the man who does as he pleases.
[2] Not the man who makes others serve him. " He
who binds chains on a slave fastens the end around
his own neck."
4. Application of this principle.
a. To the family.
b. To government.
c. To industry.
"). Conclusions.
a. A man serves himself who serves others.
b. Cooperation a cure for social disorders.
f. Foundation of cooperation.
III. The second parable : The lost coin.
1. Lost to God.
2. My kingdom or thy kingdom.
8. Consequences of self-will.
88
^ LIFE or CHRIST.
IV. The third parable: The lost man.
1. Lost to himself.
2. His power no longer useful.
8. Abuses of good.
a. Appetite.
b. Ambition.
c. Acquisitiveness.
d. Love.
e. Conscience.
4. The remedy of the parable.
LECTURE XXXVI.
THE GOOD SAMARITAN.
(Lk. x. 25-37.)
I. The incident.
1. The lawyer.
2. Self-righteous.
3. Put the new teacher to the test.
4. Self-contemplation.
5. Judged by his own standard.
6. Knowledge and action.
7. The desire to get away from the personal and practical to
the theoretical and abstract.
II. The parable.
1. An illustration of the law of love.
2. Jerusalem to Jericho. "The bloody way."
3. Robbers of Palestine.
4. The priest.
a, Mercy commended by the law.
b. A theological specialist. (Ex. xxiii, 4-5.)
5. The Levite.
a. A mimic of authority.
b. Looked, moralized, departed.
6. The law has no cure for suffering.
7. The Samaritan.
a. A mongrel unclean and despised.
b. Christ's reason for introducing him.
III. The greatest heresy is the lack of love.
1. Philanthropy the heart of Christ's religion.
2. Love for God means love for man.
3. Why is there a gap between the church and the shuns ?
IV. My neighbor.
1. Love has no neighborhood.
2. Help those nearest. The stratification of society.
V. Our duty to the other half.
1. The pity that shuns misery.
2. Investigation.
3. True philanthropy involves sympathy.
92
94 LIVE 01' CHRIST.
VI. The clannishness of the cultured.
1. The meaning of brotherhood.
2. The struggle for existence and the effect of isolation.
Vill. Going and doing.
1. Life answers the questions we would stop to ask.
LECTURE XXXVII.
INCIDENTS FROM LUKE.
(Lk. viii, 4-18 ; ix, 46-62 ; x, 1-24, 38-42.)
I. The parable of the sower. (Lk. viii, 4-18.)
1. Christ's object. " Take heed how ye hear."
2. The word of God.
'>. Sown on all alike.
4. The life of the seed depends on :
a. Its reception.
b. Its rooting.
c. Its cultivation.
5. The unfruitful hearers. Three groups.
a. Hear but heed nothing.
[1] Hear but do not apprehend the truth.
[2] Hindered at beginning.
[3] The seed does not spring at all.
[4] Have no life.
[5] Illustrated by the Pharisees.
b. Heed but resolve nothing.
[1] Apprehension : transient, emotional.
[2] Germinate the seed but die before opposition.'
[3] Enthusiastic beginnings.
[4] Life superficial.
[5] Illustrated by the Galileans.
c. Resolve but do not persist.
[1] Choked by care.
[2] Death without fruit.
[3] Life diverted, not centered.
[4] Illustrated by Judas.
6. Cause and cure.
a. Careless hearing, wandering thoughts, hardened hearts
[1] Can we keep ourselves open-minded ?
b. Mistaking emotion for principle.
[1] Count the cost.
c. Division of our energies.
[1] We get that which we seek first.
96
98 LIFE OF ('If HINT.
II. Who is the greatest ?
1. The road to honor is humility. (Lect. XXX11I.)
2. As a little child.
a. Humility not thinking meanly of one's self, hut not
thinking at all of one's self.
ill. With Christ and against Christ. (Lk. ix, 49-50.)
IV. Refused by the Samaritans. (Lk. ix, 51-5<>.)
1. The office of Christianity wholly remedial, not punitive.
LECTURE XXX VIII.
CHRIST'S TREATMENT OF THE FALLEN.
(John viii, 1-11.)
I. Application of Christian principles to social problems.
II. The incident : the woman and her accusers.
1 . The arrest according to Mosaic law.
a. A dead letter among the Jews.
2. The feast of tabernacles. A vintage festival,
o. The spirit of the accusers.
a. Not the spirit of sincere and outraged purity.
It. The morals of the nation utterly corrupt.
[1] This while their knowledge of the law nearly per-
fect.
[2] Learning often linked with immorality.
c. They saw only an opportunity to entrap him.
d. Ignored the torture of publicity.
f. The accomplice.
/. Contempt for public morality.
[1] The temple court in Christ's time.
[2] The open court and free press of today.
4. The dilemma.
a. Christ's popularity rested largely on his freedom from
caste.
b. If he acquitted the woman he would be a heretic.
c. If he condemned her he would shock the multitude who
had been attracted by his tenderness.
d. If she was stoned he would be liable to arrest for stir-
ring up a mob.
5. The solution.
a. He stopped and wrote to attract attention from the
woman.
b. They pressed upon him.
c. " Let him that is without sin among you first cast the
stone."
[1] Not an abrogation of the law.
[2] From the forum of law to that of conscience.
(Rom. ii, 1-8.)
[3] " Misery and mercy alone together.''
d. " Go and sin no more."
100
102 LIFE OF CHRIST.
III. Christ's attitude toward sin.
1. Recognized difference between sin and the sinner.
2. A reformed sinner better than a dead one.
8. Christianity remedial, not punitive.
IV. Is Christianity opposed to nature ?
1. The law of sowing and reaping.
2. Indulgences.
8. Forgiveness and penalty.
4. Nature's cultivation and care for the remnant.
V. Effect on the prison system ; on the pulpit ; on society.
LECTURE XXXIX.
THE PRODIGAL.
(Lk. XV, 10-32.)
I. Remarks on the phrases of religion.
1. Incomprehensible to many who use them.
2. A real truth hidden by each one.
3. Our effort to translate the terms of theology into the lan-
guage of today.
4. The hunger for a reason due to the wide-spread popular
education.
5. Men reject the terms which are empty, not the truth.
6. Many have the truth who have rejected the terms.
II. Value of the parable to dissipate theological fog.
1. We become our own interpreters.
2. "When striving to achieve belief without facts a parable
brings them before us.
III. Evangelium in evangelic.
IV. Comments on the parable.
1. The two sons.
a. The elder : a pharisee, self-satisfied, proud.
/>. The younger : a sinner, self-abased, penitent.
2. The demand.
a. Illegal and unh'lial.
b. Independence of relationship to God and man.
3. The division.
a. The free will.
b. Depravity cured by experience, not by law.
4. The departure.
5. The far country.
a. Change accelerated under new conditions.
6. The scattered and wasted life.
7. The famine.
8. The swine-herd.
a. The lowest occupation a Jew could choose.
b. An effort at reformation.
9. Love and sympathy wanting.
a. Reformation impossible in an empty heart.
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10 LIFE OF CHRIST.
10. He came to himself.
n. 8in abnormal.
b. The sane man commits no sin.
11. Repentance.
a. Its definition and scope.
12. Forgiveness.
18. Restoration.
a. The meaning of the symbols.
14. Pharisaic reception of the penitent.
Questions :
1. Was the prodigal as well off as if he had never gone into
the far conn try ?
2. Are "wild-oats" valuable as an experience?
8. Is the message of Christianity strengthened or weakened
by the qualifications of Lect. XXXV III, iii and iv ?
LECTURE XL.
THE POOR RICH MAN.
(Lk. xii, 13-21.)
I. Christ not a law giver.
1. The relation of the church to secular life.
a. Not a court of law.
1). Evils external and internal arising from the usurpa-
tion of this function.
c. To fit men to settle their own disputes.
2. Christ a teacher, not a judge.
a. A judge decides for men controls their wills.
1). A teacher fits men to judge makes men independent.
c. How can we best help men ?
[1] By doing for them, or helping them to do ?
[2] By giving money, or work ?
[3] By deciding questions for them, or helping them to
decide ?
Note. The substitution of our energy, or judg-
ment, or will, for another is a concession to
human weakness, and should always be viewed
with regret.
[4] The misuse of Christ, the Bible, and the Church in
this respect.
II. Christ's attitude toward riches.
1. The rich fool. The rich man and Lazarus. (Lk. xvi,
14-81.) The rich young man. (Lk. xviii, 18-27.)
2. A misconception growing out of the literal acceptance of
the Bible.
3. The danger of covetousness. (Lk. xii, 13-21.)
a. A deteriorated moral sense.
[1] Possession more than character.
h. Materialistic ideals.
[1] True and false riches, (v. 15.)
r. The follies of the wealth-seeker.
[1] Hoards instead of using.
[2] Anticipates life but not death.
[3] Would satisfy his soul without soul food.
108
110 LIFE OF (JURIST.
4. The clanger equal no matter what the thing coveted.
a. Having instead of being.
/>. F\>r self instead of others.
c. Moral cannibalism.
5. Rich toward God. (v. 2.1 .)
a. The son of God must be god-like.
[1] A god alone can comprehend a god. (Young,
Night, ix, 835.)
b. Power of enjoyment from self.
LECTTRK XLI.
THE LABORERS.
(Matt, xx, 1-16.)
I. The story and its parallel.
II. Two classes of workers.
1. Those who hargain. The hireling.
2. Those who work for work's sake.
III. The call for work.
1. Laid upon all life.
2. Necessary to health, comfort, and existence.
a. Idleness. Its penalties.
h. Activity more essential than accumulations of its fruits.
r. We learn far more through activity than through
meditation.
8. Christ's three degrees of excellence.
JV. The bargaining spirit.
1. In life.
Lll-K OF CHRIST.
V. Christ's teaching.
1. Death is sleep, (v. 11.)
2. Himself the resurrection.
. Meaning of the tigure.
/>. Is this lo be taken as a promise merely ?
8. An assimilating faith in Christ leads away from death
toward life.
Note. No one can live as Jesus lived toward men and
toward God without sharing his attitude toward life
and death.
VI. The Pharisaic creed contrasted with the faith of Jesus, (vv.
23-27.)
a. Christ's indignation at human falsehood, (vv. 88-88.)
b. Christ's sympathy.
or THf
UNIVERSITY
LECTURE XLIII.
THE LAST .1 T K N K Y.
I. Beginning of the end.
1. In retirement at Ephraim. (J. xi, 54.)
a. The council and plan of the rulers. (.J. xi, 47-57.)
2. What had been accomplished?
a. lie had preached in Galilee.
1>. The mission of the Twelve.
[1] His Gospel too catholic for the Galileans.
[2] His doctrine of self-sacrifice not attractive.
c. Abandoned by the Galileans.
(L He had preached in Judea.
[1] His truth called heresy.
[2] Rejected by the rulers.
e. He had preached in Perea.
[1] The mission of the seventy.
[2] Transient interest only.
/. The time of instruction now past.
[1] It looks like failure.
[2] The seed was sown.
>>. Christ an enigma even to his disc-piles.
a. His parables are taken literal 1} T ; his plainest words
misunderstood.
It. Possessed by their own notions.
c,. Their fears and anticipations.
4. Christ's voluntary choice of death.
II. Salome's request.
1. They supposed him about to assume his kingdom. (Matt.
xx, 20-28.)
2. Attempt to over-reach the disciples.
3. The struggle for position.
(i. Christ's teachings concerning it. (Lk. xviii, 14.)
1>. Application to life.
[1] Does position come by planning or by growth?
118
120 LIFE OF CHRIST.
III. Zacchaeus. ( Lk. xix, 1-10.)
1. Jericho: a city of priests and publicans.
2. A momentary return of popularity.
0. The publican in the crowd of .Jews.
a. A thief and renegade,
h. ('ailed from ridicule and hatred to appreciation and
honor.
4. The murmuring multitude.
a. Social sinners in the best society.
IV. A lesson in reformation.
1. Effect of Christ's words on Zacchaeus.
a. Made him forget the jeering crowd.
/>. Honored by Christ he would respect himself.
r. All that was base in him would have defied contempt
or hatred or criticism.
(I. All that was noble and good was evoked by tenderness.
e. Love unseals what contempt would close forever.
2. Effect of appreciation or condemnation on a child.
a. A child is a man who is frank.
8. Should we criticise?
a. Is it helpful or harmful ?
b. Can it be avoided ?
4. Overcome evil with good.
LECTURE XL IV.
THK TRIUMPHAL ENTRY .
I. Kethany : location ; its home.
1. The feast. (J. xii, 2.)
a. Martha's part contrasted with Mary's.
[1] The social lesson.
[a] House-keeping and home-keeping,
[ft] Feeders and hosts.
[2] The religious lesson.
[a] He serves hest who receives most,
ft. The meditative and active should becombined. (Read
Farrar. 461-462.)
'2. The annointing. (J. xii, 1-11.)
n. Mary's motives and act.
[1] Should this $300 have been given to the poor?
ft. Judas. His avarice.
[1] Shown in his plans for the kingdom.
[2] Communion with Christ a daily rebuke.
[3] He found himself slipping through his disguise.
[4] His pretended regard for the poor.
[5] Hypocrisy would contrast philanthropy and piety.
[6] Christ's rebuke a final blow to his Messianic hopes.
II. The betrayal.
1. Judas attempts to save something from the wreck.
2. His bargain with the chief priests.
3. Continues with the disciples.
III. Palm Sunday. (Lk. xix, 28-48.)
1. The contagion of enthusiasm.
2. The growing procession.
3. Hosannas and palm branches, then curses and the cross.
4. Christ on the Mount of Olives, (v. 41.)
IV. Two views of the triumph.
1. What the Jews saw.
a. A king coming into his kingdom,
ft. The material supremacy of the Jew.
2. What Christ saw.
a. A nation blind to its own history.
[1] The message of Israel,
ft. A people preparing their own destruction.
c. Judaism must die in giving birth to Christianity.
122
LECTURE XLV.
EVOLUTION OF BELIEF.
i. Three epochs of modern thought.
1. Age of controversy.
a. Violent attacks and defense.
b. Struggle inevitable.
c. Results beneficial.
2. Age of reconciliation.
(i. Mutual respect and concession.
/>. Period of compromise.
0. Age of reconstruction.
n. Magnification of man. Greater than anything he be-
lieves.
/>. How may science and religion be used in elevating-
man ?
c. Period of activity and life.
II. Value of criticism.
III. Our attitude toward new truth.
1. No expression of truth final.
a. A wider development sure.
2. Danger of regarding the truth as final.
a. Sceptics made by forbidding doubt.
1>. Result of checking desire for knowledge.
IV. Intellectual growth intermittent.
1. Changes occur suddenly.
a. Periods of preparation ; gathering of material.
1>. Moments of interpretation and revelation.
c. u We do not grow into new truths, we awake to them."
'2. We should be both alert and passive.
a. Passive to the spirit of truth.
b. Alert to the unfolding revelation.
V. Truth no fixed form.
1. Change not in it but in us.
2. Not a revelation from God, but
8. A revelation of God.
a. Here is the key to the study of the Bible, of church
history, of Christ, and of nature.
124
.'
T2H LIFE or
VI. Some vehicles of truth considered.
1. Trinity.
2. Atonement.
3. Sin.
4. Retribution.
5. Inspiration.
6. Christ.
VI I. In other's shoes.
1 . Our attitude toward the belief of others.
2. Our old clothes may be worn by another with comfort.
3. Ridicule ridiculous.
4. Charity always profitable.
LECTURE XLVI.
THE GREEKS.
(John xii, 20-36.)
I. The second cleansing of the temple. (Matt, xxi, 10-13.)
1. Why necessary the second time.
a. The lessons of history.
2. Christ's ideal of a temple.
II. The wondering G reeks.
1. Attracted by the unusual enthusiasm.
2. Greek philosophy eclectic.
a. Religious systems studied to add to their philosophy.
b. A good way to understand religion, but not to become
religious.
[1] Philosophical living.
[2] Ready-made theories of life do not always fit the
conditions.
[3] Learn to do by doing.
3. Christ evidently rebuffs these inquirers.
4. His prophetic interpretation of the incident.
a. The united race.
h. Do we see it coming ?
c. Are Christ's teachings the cause ?
III. Life conditioned.
1. What follows is a condemnation of Hellenism.
(i. Grecian civilization is human life cultivated from the
view point of enjoyment and withdrawn from self-
sacrifice.
2. Self-sacrifice symbolized, (v. 24.)
3. A universal law.
a. Most important in nature.
[1] Her care for the future.
h. Spiritual life only through sacrifice.
4. Hatred of lower life a safeguard against it. (v. 25.)
IV. Christian service.
1. In what it consists, (v. 26.)
V. A glimpse into Christ's secret life. (vv. 27-2S.)
VI. The cross of Christ.
1. Judges the world.
2. Attracts the world.
VII. The way out of perplexity, (vv. 34-36.)
1. Walk as ye have the light.
2. In activity is knowledge, power, happiness, and honor.
128
LECTURE XL VII.
THE CHALLENGE.
(Matt, xxi, 28-46.)
I. The attack on Christ.
1. His authority questioned.
a. The innovations of Christ's teaching undermined the
authority of the priests.
I). The ecclesiastical assumption of authority.
c. Variance between ecclesiasticism and religion.
2. " What was the authority of John the Baptist ? ??
a. The dilemma, (vv. 25-26.)
b. Religious investigation often veils hypocrisy.
:>. What is the test of authority in religion ?
a. The test of appointment.
b. The test of fruit.
II. Christ's defense.
1. His challenge to scribe and priest.
2. Value of the parable in attack.
H. Parable of the two sons.
(i. Profession.
b. Practice.
4. Parable of the rebellious husbandmen.
a. Messengers from God.
b. The doctrine of accountability not a theological doc-
trine only.
c. The son rejected.
d. National accountability.
e. Use it or lose it.
5. Parable of the wedding feast.
a. Guilt and loyalty, individual and personal.
6. The false friend.
e. Application to the Jewish priesthood.
[1] Professed loyalty of Jehovah but did not work
righteousness.
[2] Received the gifts of light and liberty and truth
but shut out the pagan and gentile.
[3] Formally perfect, inwardly vile.
(L To bad men nothing is so maddening as the exhibition
of their own self-deception.
130
LKCTURK XLVIIL
THE LAST DAY OF CONFLICT.
(Malt xxii, 15-46.)
I. Christ's behavior in the midst of enemies.
1. His gentleness and meekness not the result of timidity and
irresolution.
2. He parries their blows, defeats them, and utters against
them the most terrible -philippic of literature. (Matt,
xxiii, 1-39.)
3. How would this seem in another man ?
I.I. The strange allies.
III. The Herodians.
1. Apostate Jews, politicians, Romanists.
. The poll-tax.
r. Their motives exposed.
d. Christ's answer : " Give back to Caesar the things
which are Caesar's.''
[1] Acceptance of gifts and favors demands'loyalty.
IV. The Sadducees.
1. The infidels and materialists of Palestine.
a. Denied the resurrection and immateriality.
2. They sought to vex and ridicule.
3. Ignorance is not met with contempt.
4. Question and answer. (Lk. xx, 84-3B.)
5. The problems of this world not to be solved in terms of the
next.
V. The Pharisees.
1. They had destroyed the simplicity of religion.
2. They had divided .Judaism into sects.
3. To which denomination did Christ belong ?
4. Christ's answer seems to set aside all schools and sects.
184 LIFE OF 67/A'LST.
IV. Christ questions his critics, (vv. 42-45.)
1. inconsistency of their conceptions of the Messianic Kingdom.
2. He exposes their weakness before the multitude.
8. They fear to question him more.
(Read Farrar, Life of Christ, li.)
LECTURE XLIX.
A PHILIPPIC.
(Matt, xxiii.)
I. Tlie limits of mercy.
1. Doctrine of retribution.
2. When love pleads in vain, justice rules.
ft. Relation of love and justice.
. [1] Love does not hold justice in check.
[//] It may in human affairs, never in divine.
[/>] Danger in the doctrine of punitive justice being-
opposed by love.
[2] Justice and love coexist.
II. Reasons for Christ's rebuke.
1. Attitude toward ignorance, humility, the depraved.
a. The sinner knows that the way of the transgressor is
hard. He does not know a better way.
b. He needs hope, counsel, courage.
c. To such Christ always reached the hand of help.
"2. He rebuked and unmasked the false witness.
ft. Those who thought they were virtuous because they
were religious.
b. Those who devoured widow's houses and prayed long
prayers.
r. Those who paid tithes but omitted mercy and righteous-
ness.
(L Those who spent all their zeal in making proselytes,
and none, in making character.
3. The only cure for self-conceit is humiliation.
III. Pharisaism described.
1. Burdensome and unsympathetic.
a.. Truth and falsehood in religion.
[1] The false enact laws and bind burdens.
[2] The true impart power.
b. In so far as your religion is burdensome it is false.
2. Ostentations.
H. Factions.
a. Christ forbids the exercise of spiritual authority over
the conscience ; or,
b. The submission to it.
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138 LIFE OF CHRIST.
III, 4. A hindrance to religion.
a. By denying freedom of thought.
b. By preventing the truth.
c. By bad example.
5. Proselyting, (v. 15.)
6. Whitened sepulchres.
IV. The change from noble indignation to tender pity.
1. u I would but ye would not."
LECTURE L.
THE END OF THE WORLD.
(Matt, xxiv.)
I. The attraction of this subject for the superstitious.
1. Attempts to take literally the poetical expressions of the
Bible.
2. Attempts to decipher the future include ignorance of the
present.
3. No attempt to locate the coming of future events ever has
or ever will succeed.
a. This will not prevent people from trying.
b. The mental characteristics which admit evidence for
fulfillment of imagined prophecy preclude the ad-
mission of genuine testimony.
c. Foundation of genuine prophecy.
II. Prophecy.
1. We ignore here all prophecy not based on continuity.
2. Objects of prophecy.
To warn, to inspire hope, to incite to courage.
To interpret the sequence of events.
Never to emphasize chronological order or establish the
absolute time of an event.
d. Characteristic of men to emphasize c. more than . An alliance of fanaticism, unbelief, and worldliness ;
the bigot, the atheist, the utilitarian.
5. The verdict.
Death.
By subtlety, not by violence.
c. Must be postponed until after the Feast.
[1] It would pollute his executioners.
[2] The crowd would be gone.
(). Plans changed by Judas.
II. The quiet Wednesday and Thursday.
III. Thursday evening. (Lk. xxii, 14-27.)
1. The strife for position.
. A prophecy.
144
LECTURE LLI.
THE HEART OF CHRISTIANITY.
(J. xiv, 1-31.)
I. The hist discourse. (J. xiii, 31 ; xvii, 26.)
1. The Holy of Holies of the Bible.
a. The words not to he understood by reason only.
b. Two keys to unlock secrets of nature and of religion.
c. Best 'commentary the personal life of the reader.
(L Times when silence is the best method of study.
II. God in men.
1. This the heart of Christianity.
2. The highest point reached in the development of religion.
3. The only conception of God that can be universal.
4. The only rational conception.
0. The human craving for incarnations, for concrete expres-
sions of truth.
III. The disciples begin to comprehend.
1. The shadow of the cross.
2. Their materialistic conception of hades and a future life.
3. Christ's hopefulness.
4. This world not the only abode of living beings.
5. Christ tests their understanding.
IV. The inquiring disciples.
1. The perplexed Thomas, (v. 5.)
n. The way to God ?
I. Ego sum via, veritas, vita.
[1] More important that they should know the way
than the goal.
r. " No man corneth to the Father but by me."
d. Can we not by searching find out God ?
2. Philip's question, (v. 8.)
a . Did he wish that the heavens be rent asunder ?
b. Many would have believed this.
3. The difficulty of Judas Lebbaeus. (v. 22.)
((. How 7 can we see and others not see ?
b. God lives with them that love Him.
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LECTURE LI 1 1.
THE PERPETUAL CHRIST.
(John xv.)
I. The doctrine of the Trinity.
1. Its history.
'2. Church divisions concerning it.
H. A doctrine that has nourished has its basis of truth.
4. Men quarrel over dogma who agree in spiritual perception
II. The basis of the doctrine.
1. Held alike by both sides.
*2. The spiritual aspect. Three propositions :
a. God.
/>. Personal relation.
c. Revelation.
III. How may one being reveal himself to another ?
1. Three channels :
a. Intellect
b. Sensibilities. (Abbott's illustration from Liszt.)
c. Will.
IV. The intellectual revelation.
1. From Herbert Spencer.
2. The unity in history and humanity.
3. Matthew Arnold.
4. The One in the universe.
V. The moral revelation.
1. Finite and Infinite.
2. God in human terms.
8. Christ a revelation.
VI. The ground of controversy.
1. Miraculous birth.
2. Life.
o. Personality.
4. Teachings.
5. Miracles.
(). Resurrection.
7. Christianity.
(S. Divinity.
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1">0 UFE OF (WRIST.
VIJ. r rije abiding Christ.
1. Mod in humanity.
a. Inspiring human experience.
b. Speaking in human hearts.
r. The comforter.
V.IJI. Harmful conceptions in Trinitarianism
1. The three gods joined in one.
2. Doctrine of polytheism.
8. These not the truth in Trinity.
IX. Harmful conceptions in Unitarian ism.
1. Life in three separate strands.
2. These not the truth in Unity.
X. The interpretation of Christ.
LECTURE LIV.
GKTHSEMANK.
(Matt, xxvi, 80-5H ; Mk. xiv, 83-50; Lk. xxii, 8D-53 : .J.xviii.
2-12.)
Thursday midnight, April 6', to one o'clock /^ridai/ morn-iiuj.
I. hi the garden.
1. A customary retreat ; known -to Judas.
'2. Gethsemane ; oil-press.
a. 1 A grove of olive trees.
II. The double guard.
1. Peter, James, and John.
2. To protect against suprise. Themselves or him ?
3. The sleep of sorrow.
III. Nature of Christ's conflict.
1. He was not a stoic.
n. In proportion to his sympathy he suffered.
2. Placid heroism.
. Contrast with Jewish heroes.
I). A repressed conflict under the calm exterior of his life.
3. Not elevated above the woes of humanity.
4. To the prophetic eye the future more real than the present.
~>. In the prime of manhood, life before him, eager for work,
conscious of capacity.
6. The vicarious element.
7. False friends.
8. His submission voluntary.
9. After all is said, mystery remains.
No psychology can fathom Christ's experience.
To unscarred youth Gethsemane will always be a mys-
tery.
[1] By our own Gethsemanes we will understand his
trial.
[2] They come to all who bear great thoughts.
IV. Christ's prayer.
1. Was it possible for the cup to pass ?
. By falsehood to himself.
2. He would not desert humanity.
3. The struggle real but never doubtful.
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1">4 /,//''/<: 01' CHRIST.
\ . Christ's answer to his prayer.
1. "Thy will, not mine, he done. 1 '
'2. This more than resignation.
a Heal prayer more than submission.
[1] A man may he resigned to the inevitable.
[2] Jesus prayed (desired) God's will to be accom-
plished.
h. Prayer the voluntary execution of God's will by a free
will.
0. The battle of his life won in the garden.
VI. In the presence of danger.
1. Might have escaped, leaving the disciples sleeping.
2. Arouses them. Quietly warns them.
H. Pushes to the front between them and danger.
4. Judas.
o. The crowd abashed.
(>. Peter fighting and Peter fleeing.
7. Christ pleads only for his disciples.
8. Deserted.
LECTURE LV.
BEFORE THE PRIESTS AND SANHEDRIN.
(Matt, xxiii, 57 to xxvii, 2 ; Mk. xiv, 5o to xv, 1 ; Lk. xxii, 54-76 ;
J. xviii, 13-27.)
I. From Gethsemane to the Palace.
1. Annas.
a. The chief of the pontifical ring.
b. Degradation of the high priest's office.
c. Deposed but still in power.
[1] Five sons in succession high priest.
[2] Caiaphas his son-in-law.
d. Farrar, Life of Christ, 598.
2. The interest of Annas a proof that Christ had become a
political figure.
a. Afraid he would alienate the people from the priestly
clique.
b. Significant disappearance of the Pharisees.
8. Caiaphas and the Sanhedrin.
II. The charge of blasphemy.
1. Jewish law on the subject.
a. See Ex. xx, 3-5 ; Deut. xiii ; xviii, 20.
b. But one authorized equal of Moses. (Deut. xviii, 15-18.)
2. Judge Greenleaf's opinion.
3. Opinions of jurists.
a. The form of trial illegal.
b. His conviction substantially right in point of law.
c. Citation II, 1, b (above) only ground for acquittal.
d. Either must substantiate his claim of super-human
character or stand convicted under Mosaic law.
4. Christ seems with wise caution to have guarded against
this hour of trial.
a. His accusers could not array the evidence as we can.
[1] No witness in support of Judas.
[2] Their false witnesses did not agree.
b. Even before a packed tribunal they could not secure
conviction.
III. Jesus on the witness stand.
1. Questioned concerning his disciple and doctrine.
2. Points to his record. (J. xviii, 19-20.)
3. Is struck.
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158 LIFE OF CHRIST.
IV. Peter's denial.
1. Thrice repeated.
2. Christ overhears the last and looks at Peter.
3. Contrast between Peter and Judas.
V. The fearful judge and the dumb prisoner.
1. Caiaphas was conducting an illegal trial.
2. This made him tremble before Christ's silence.
3. Mk. xiv, 60.
4. The priest's question.
a. Christ asked to convict himself.
h. The peculiar form of the question.
VI. Christ's "I am." (Mk. xiv, 62.)
1. Why he could no longer keep silent.
2. Quiet in the day of popularity.
a. The declaration useful to him then.
/>. Now all must be lost.
8. How are we to understand Christ's answer ?
LECTURE LVI.
TRIAL BEFORE PILATE.
(Matt, xxvii, 15-31 ; Lk. xxiii, 6-12 ; J. xviii, 28-39 ; xix, 4-16.
Farrar, Life of Christ, lx.)
I. Christ led to Pilate.
1. Power of the procurator.
2. Character of Pilate.
3. His history.
4. Reasons for his presence in Jerusalem.
II. Contest between unscrupulous persistence and cowardly com-
promise.
1. The Jews knew how to conquer Pilate.
2. The priests and the mob.
3. The behavior of the prisoner.
4. The scene.
III. The accusation.
1. The call for the charge surprises them.
2. They asked for license to kill. Pilate called for testimony.
3. "If he were not guilty we would not have delivered him."
a. Pilate knew the Jews too well to believe this.
4. The charge of blasphemy would not hold in a Roman court.
IV. A new charge. (Lk. xxiii, 2.)
1. Perverting the nation i. e., from the Romans.
a. Strange charge for Jews 10 make.
2. Forbidding to give tribute.
3. Saying he is Christ, a king.
V. Pilate assumes jurisdiction.
1. The private examination.
a. Silent before the Jews he speaks to the Roman.
b. A king, but no preacher of sedition.
[1] His accusers a witness to this fact.
c. His kingdom not of this world.
(L He came to witness for the truth.
VI. " What is the truth ? "
1. Pity and contempt.
"2. A Roman realist.
3. A baseless vision of a religious enthusiast.
4. Pilate gives his verdict.
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162 LIFE OF
VII. Jesus sent to Herod.
1. A master-stroke of policy.
2. Herod Antipas.
3. The second derision.
VIII. Back to Pilate.
1. Now was the time for Pilate to be strong.
2. Barabbas.
3. The warning of the dream.
4. " What then shall I do with Jesus ? "
5. " Thou art no friend of Caesar's if thou let him go."
H. The hand washing.
7. " His blood be on thy hands."
n. The revengers of history.
(S. " And they took Jesus and led him away."
LECTURE LV1I.
THE CRUCIFIXION.
(Matt, xxvii, 32-56 ; Mk. xv, 20-47 ; Lk. xxiii, 26-56 ; J. xix.)
I. Intoductory ; varying views.
II. Crucifixion.
1. Not a Jewish mode of punishment.
a. Its infliction by the Romans a badge of Israel's servi-
tude.
2. Exposure of bodies. Mosaic law on the subject. (Deut. xxi,
22,23.)
3. Reserved by Romans for foreigners and slaves.
a. Condemned by Cicero and others.
III. From judgment to execution.
1. The procession.
2. Simon the cross-bearer.
3. The women of Jerusalem.
a. The beginning of philanthropy.
[1] Born in the ostentatious grief of the age.
b. " Weep not for me but for yourselves."
[1] Christ not an object of pity.
[a] He was winning the battle of his life.
[b] He was true.
[2] Spirit of the prohibition violated.
[a] Dramatic oratorical portraitures of Christ's
sufferings. '
[6] By much so-called sacred art.
[3] " Christ would have been an object of pity had he
from fear of death preferred a broken life.'-'
[4] The sad thought is the sin that crucified him.
c. Refuses the stupefying drink.
IV. Golgotha (a skull) Lt. calvaria.
V. The gambling soldiers.
VI. The taunt of the priests.
1. " He saved others ; himself he can not save."
2. " Let him alone and see if Elias will come."
VII. The two thieves.
1. One curses and reviles.
2. One rebukes and prays.
a. The hope in which Christ died.
164
LIFE OF CHRIST.
VIII. The circle of friends.
1. John and the mother of Jesus.
2. Matt, xxvii, 55, 56.
IX. The darkness and the earthquake.
1. Deserted.
2. "It is finished."
X. The broken heart.
1. Anticipated the death of the cross.
XL The burial of Christ.
LECTURE LVIII.
THE RESURRECTION.
(Matt, xxvii, 57-66 ; Mk. xv, 42-47 ; Lk. xxiii, 50-56 ; J. xix,
38-42.)
(Matt, xxviii ; Mk. xvi ; Lk. xxiv ; J. xx, xxi.)
I. The story of the resurrection.
1. Condition of the disciples.
a. Heart-broken.
b. Had never understood his prophesies or parables.
c. Without hope.
[1] Had not anticipated a resurrection.
(/. Without faith.
[1] "We had trusted that this had been he which
should have redeemed Israel."
e. Only love lived, and love without faith and hope is
anguish.
2. The women at the sepulcher.
a. Find the stone rolled away.
b. An angelic messenger.
c. Run to tell the disciples.
d. They doubt.
3. Peter and John are convinced.
a. J. xx, 8, 9.
4. Mary Magdalene.
a. ThinKS the tomb has been robbed.
b. Sees and believes.
5. The soldiers make their report.
a. Are bribed.
b. Their false story.
II. The perplexed disciples.
1. Their attitude toward the resurrection.
2. Insufficient evidence.
a. Women's tales.
b. Testimony of Peter and John negative.
c. Peter more impulsive than judicial ; John visionary.
3. Meet to discuss the situation.
a. The secret meeting Sunday night.
4. The two disciples from Emmaus.
168
170 LIFE OF CHRIST.
III. Jesus appears in their midst.
1. Calms their fears.
2. Assures them that he is no apparition.
a. Bade them touch him.
b. Ate with them.
8. Explains the meaning of his passion and death.
IV. Thomas.
1. Not present at the first appearance.
2. A natural unbeliever.
0. Plenty of loyalty but no faith.
4. Plain, practical, prosaic.
5. Seeing was believing.