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 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 :^'f , 
 
 JST OF REFERENCES ON 
 
 PRIMARY ELECTIONS 
 
 PARTICULARLY DIRECT PRIMARIES 
 
 COMPILED UNDER THE DIRECTION OP 
 
 APPLETON PRENTISS CLARK GRIFFIN 
 
 CHIEF BIBLIOGRAPHER 
 
 *ir~*- ■.,' 
 
 WASHINGTON 
 
 GOVERNMENT PKJNTLXC OFFICE 
 
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 SOUTHERN BRANCH, 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, 
 
 LIBRARY, 
 
 LOS ANGELES, QALiK.
 
 oit/ssa. 
 
 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 LIST OF REFERENCES ON 
 
 PRIMARY ELECTIONS 
 
 PARTICULARLY DIRECT PRIMARIES 
 
 COMPILED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF 
 
 APPLETON PRENTISS CLARK GRIFFIN 
 
 CHIEF BIBLIOGRAPHER 
 
 1 I ii H 4 H 
 
 WASHINGTON 
 
 GOVERNMENT PRINTIN(; OFFICE 
 
 1905
 
 < I C I
 
 7/ ^4 
 
 PREFATORY NOTE 
 
 Meyer's '"Nominating systems: direct primaries versus conventions 
 in the United States" gives a historical statement of the movomont for 
 direct primaries in the United States and an exposition of the h^jrisla- 
 tion in the various states down to 1902, with numerous references to 
 authorities. It affords a convenient list of much of the material on 
 the subject of prinuuy legislation and has been used here. 
 
 In addition to discussions and expositions of primary sj'^stems, the 
 present List includes references to statutes and session laws of the 
 various states which have legislated in regard to direct primaries. 
 
 The articles in periodicals have been briefly annotated. 
 
 A. P. C (jrlilFFIX 
 
 Chief B'lhl'cographer 
 Hekbert Putnam 
 
 Librarian of Congress 
 
 Washington, D. 6'., January 10^ 1905 
 
 3
 
 LIST OF BOOKS ON PRIMARY ELECTIONS 
 
 A-labama. General laws (and joint resolutions) of the General Assem- 
 bly of Alabama, passed at the session of 1898-9. 
 Jacksonville^ Fl a.: Yance printing co.,\1899\ 301 i)p. 8^. 
 Primary election law, pp. 126-128. 
 
 Arizona. By authority of the Legislative assembly. The revised 
 statutes of Arizona territory. 
 
 Columhia^ Missouri: Press of E. W. Step/tens^ 1901. lolJi,, 
 {S)pp. 4^. 
 
 Primary elections, pp. 652-653. 
 
 Arkansas. A digest of the statutes of Arkansas, embraeino- all laws 
 
 of a general nature . . . by L. P. Sandels and Joseph M. 
 
 Hill. 
 
 Columbia^ Mo. : Press of E. ^V. Stephens, 189Jf.. xvi, 1851, 
 
 pp. 4-°' 
 
 Nomination of candidates for office, pp. 702-703. 
 
 Public and private acts and joint resolutions and memorials 
 
 of the General Assembly of the state of Arkansas, passed 
 
 at the session held at the capitol, in the city of Little Rock, 
 
 Arkansas, conunencing the 1-ith day of January, 1895, and 
 
 ending April 10, 1895. 
 
 Little Pock, Ark.: Proven 2>rintin<j compani/, 1895. nwiii, 
 
 (1), 300 pp. 8"^. 
 
 "An act to legalize primary elections," pp. 240-241. 
 
 Public and private acts and joint resolutions and memorials 
 
 of the General A.ssembly of the state of Arkansas, passed 
 
 at the regular session held at the cajjitol, in the city of Little 
 
 Rock, Ark., conunencing on the rlevcritli day of January. 
 
 1K9T, and ending on the eleventh day of March, 1S97. 
 
 [Little Pock\: LUth Rnrk pr'nifnuj m., 1807. ./•, (J), 138 
 
 pp. 80. 
 
 Disorderly conduct diiriic,' primaries, |i|i. 1 1-4.'>. 
 
 Bryce, .lames. TIk; Aiiicricun loniinonwcult li. In l\v(» xohunes. 
 
 London and Nein York: Jlacniillan and ro., 1893. 'J vols. 
 
 Theparty HyBteiii, vol. 2, pp. 1-208. 
 
 6
 
 6 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 California. Tlio political code of the state of California, as enacted 
 in 1872, anil amended up to and including 1903. Edited by- 
 James H. Dcering. 
 San Fmndsco: Bancroft- Whitney co., 1903. 1397pp. W. 
 Primary elections, pp. 278-296, 1068, 1074. 
 
 Clark, Charles C. P. The "machine" abolished and the people 
 restored to power by the organization of all the people on 
 the lines of party organization. 
 New York and London: G. I*. Putnan^^s S07is, 1900. (^), 
 196 j}j). 12'^. 
 
 Clemens, G. C. The general election laws of Kansas, systematized 
 for the convenience of electors and election officers. Rev. 
 ed. 
 Crane c& company, publishers, Tojjeka, Kansas., 190 J^. 7J(.pp. 
 8°. 
 
 Colorado. Mills' annotated statutes of the state of Colorado, edited 
 and annotated b}- J, Warner Mills. 
 Chicago: E. B. Myers and company, 1891. 2 vols. 8°. 
 Primary elections, vol. ] , pp. 1093-1095. 
 
 Mills' annotated statutes of the state of Colorado (supplement). 
 
 Vol. 3. By J. Warner Mills. 
 Denver: The Mills publishing co7iij>an>j, 1897. iv, 1385 jyp. 
 8^. 
 
 ' ' Corrupt practices act, ' ' applies to primary elections, p. 484. Text 
 of corrupt practices act, pp. 479-484. 
 
 Dallinger, F. W. Nominations for elective office in the United States. 
 
 Nev^ York: Longmans, Green (& co., 1897. 290 p>P- ^°- 
 {Harvay'd historical studies.) 
 
 Dela-ware. Laws of the state of Delaware passed at a session of the 
 General Assembly commenced and held at Dover, on Tues- 
 day, January o, A. D. 1897. 
 Dover: The Delawarean power print, 1897. (2), [313]-798, 
 73pp. 8^^. 
 
 "An act to provide for the purity of primary elections in New 
 Castle County," pp. 875-397. 
 
 Revised statutes of the state of Delaware. 
 
 Wllmi7igto7i, Del. : Printed hy the Mercantile pn'inting com,- 
 pany, 1893. xv, (1), xlvlil, 1017, (1), 96pp. 8°. 
 Primary elections, pp. 150-154. 
 
 Eaton, Dorman B. Primaiy elections. 
 
 {In Lalor's Cyclopit-dia of political science, political economy, and 
 of the poHtical history of the United States, vol. 3, pp. 343-350. 
 New York, 1899. 8°. )
 
 LIST OF BOOKS ON PRIMARY KLECTIONS 7 
 
 Florida. Acts and resolutions adopted l)v the legislature of Florida 
 at its sixth reg-ular session under the constitution of A. D. 
 1885. 
 Tallahassee, Fla.: Floridian printing company, 1897. c^xv., 
 (1), 332 2> p. 8-. 
 
 Primary election, pp. 62-64. 
 
 G-eorgia. Acts and resolutions of the General Assemhl}- of the state 
 of Georgia, 1886-7. Vol. II. 
 Atlanta, Gecn^gia: G. W. Harrison, 1887. 9]fi pp. 8^. 
 
 " Penalty for furnishing liquor on election days extended to primary 
 elections," p. 42. 
 
 Acts and resolutions of the Gonoral AsscMuhly of the state of 
 
 Georgia, l8U0-yi. Vol. I. 
 Atlanta, Georgia: Geo. W. Harrison, 1891. 60^ pp. 8^. 
 Protecting primary elections, pp. 210-211. 
 
 G-odkin, E. L. Unforeseen tendencies of deniocrac\', 
 ^ Boston: Houghton, 2liffli)i and company, 1898. vii,{l),265 
 
 pp. 8°. 
 
 The nominating system, pp. 48-95. 
 
 G•oodno^v, F. J. Politics and administration. 
 
 ^Vt'tr York: JFacmilhin company, 1900. a'iii,{l), 270pp. 5°. 
 Hempstead, Ernest A. The Crawford county or direct primary 
 system. 
 
 (In National municipal league. Seventh annual meeting. Proceed- 
 ing.s, pp. 197-217. Philadelphia, 1901. 8°.) 
 
 Illinois. The revised statutes of the state of Illinois, VMM. Compiled 
 and edited by Harvey B. Hurd. 
 
 Chicago: Chicago Legal nta's com])any, 1901. (2). xir. 2027 
 
 pp. 8'\ 
 
 Primary elections, pp. 846-Sr)l; I'rimary elections of delegates to 
 nominating conventions, etc., pp. 851-873. 
 
 Indiana. l>urns' annotated Indiana statutes . . . all completely anno- 
 tated liy Harrison Burns. 
 Indianajtolis: The Ji(arcn-M< rrilt rompany. 19(^1. 3 vols. 8^. 
 Primary eU'ctiniis, vol. M, pp. .S18-;^25. 
 
 Tlic revised statutes of the stat(> <•!' Indiana. Ct)ni[)iietl by 
 
 Frank A. Hornci-. 
 
 Lav:ye7'>< co-(t/K'rat ire publishing company, ( 'liicago [etc.], 1901. 
 
 2 vols. 8\ 
 
 I'rimary elections, vol. 2, hccx. 47•12a-4742^•. 
 
 loTva. Acts and resolutions passed at the regular session of the twen- 
 t3'-seventh (Jencral Assembly ol' tlif statr of Ioum. Begun 
 January 10 and <'nded April 1, iMts. 
 Des Moin<H: F. h\ Conamiy, IS!)S. 173 pp. J, . 
 
 "An act to prf)liihit illegal voting at primary eloctione," pp. 59-60. 
 
 14730—05 2
 
 8 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 Iowa. Supplement to the code of Iowa. 
 
 [Siouw Cit}/: B. Murplnj, 1002. \ xxxviii, 87 J^ j)p. JfP. 
 "Of offenses against tlu' ritrht of suffrage" [at primaries], pp. 537- 
 538. 
 
 Kansas. The general election law^ of Kansas, systematized for the 
 convenience of (^lectors and election officers. Rev. ed. 
 By Ct. C. Clemens. 
 Tojhh(.,Jui?}., (^rani'ibcoiiijHiny^ IQOJf.. IJi-pp. Illustrations. 
 
 Naming candidates, pp. 10-23; Primary elections, pp. 20-23. 
 
 Kentucky. The Kentucky sfaitutes. 3d ed. Prepared by John D. 
 Carroll. 
 Louisville: The Cour ier- Jo U7'nal job printing company^ 1903. 
 {6),mSpp. ^°. 
 
 Primary elections, pp. 645-652. 
 
 La-wton, George W. The American caucus S3'stem. 
 
 jytu' York and London: G. P. Ihitnam^s sons., 1883. {£), 
 107 jyp. 12°. {Questiomofthe day.no. 25.) 
 
 Louisiana. Constitution and revised laws of Louisiana. 2d enlarged 
 and revised editions in two volumes. Compiled and anno- 
 tated by Solomon Wolff. 
 Ntw Orleans, La. : F. F. Ilansell <& Iro., [190^]. 2 vols. 5°. 
 Primary elections, pp. 719-723. 
 
 McCrary, George W. A treatise on the American law of elections. 
 4tli ed. Ed. by Henry L. McCune. 
 Chicago: Callaghan cfe c<9., 1897. l.ri, (7), 608 pp. 8°. 
 
 Macy, Jesse. Party organization and machinery. 
 
 JVew York: The Century co., 190^. xvii, (1), 299 pp. 12°. 
 ( The American state series.) 
 
 Maine. Fifth revision. The revised statutes of the state of Maine, 
 
 passed September 1, 1903, and taking effect January 1, 1904. 
 
 Augusta: Kennehec 'jonrnal prird.^ 190Jf.. xii., 1020., JiB9 pp. 
 
 "Political caucuses," pp. 120-122. 
 
 Maryland. J.,aws of the state of Maryland made and passed at a ses- 
 sion of the general assembly begun and held at the city of 
 Annapolis on the first day of January, 1902, and ended on 
 the thirty-first day of March, 1902. Published b}^ authorit3^ 
 Baltimore., Md.: King heathers., state printers., 1902. IIOJ/. 
 pp. 8"-. 
 
 Primary elections, pp. 4U.5-412.
 
 LIST OF BOOKS ON PRIMARY ELECTIONS 9 
 
 Maryland. Laws of the state of Maryland made and passed at the ses- 
 sion of the General Assembly, made and held at the city of 
 Annapolis, on the sixth day of January, 1904, and ended 
 on the fourth da}' of April, 1901. Pul)lished bj' authority'. 
 Baltimore: W)n. J. C. Dulany company^ 190Jf. Ili20^ (1) pp. 
 
 "Chap. 682. An act to repeal and reenact with amendments sec- 
 tions 152 and 153 of article 33 of the public general laws, title 
 'Elections,' subtitle 'Primary election;^,' as enacted by chapter 
 296 of the Acts of 1902," pp. 1222-1227. 
 
 Massachusetts. Laws of Massachusetts relating to listing-, registra- 
 tion, primaries, nominations, conventions and elections in 
 Boston. Acts of 1903. Comp. by Richard L. Gay. 
 
 {^Bodon, 190,3]. lyo ijp. U""- 
 
 Laws of tlie commonwealth of Massachusetts relating to 
 
 political connnittees, caucuses, conventions, and the nomi- 
 nation of candidates, with an appendix containing sections 
 relating to corrupt practices, information as to qualification 
 of voters and naturalization, election districts, and a politi- 
 cal calendar for 1901. Comp. by R. L. Gay. 
 Bodon, \1901\ (^), 80, %Spp. H^. 
 
 Meyer, Ernst Christopher. Nominating .systems: direct primaries 
 ■versus conventions in the United States. 
 Madison, Wis.: PuUished by tlw author . 1902. xx,{2),501 
 pp>. 5°. 
 
 Michigan. The compiled laws of the state of Michigan, 1897, by 
 Lewis M. Miller. 
 Lansing^ Mich. : Rohert Srn ith printing co., 1899. 4 ^'"Is. JfP. 
 Primary elections, vol. 1, pp. 1091-1096; vol. 3, pp. 3416-3418. 
 
 Public acts of the legislature of the state of Michigan, passed 
 
 at the regular session of 1895. 
 Lansing: Rohei't Smith <& co., 1895. :elii, 836, (/) j>j>. 8°, 
 Primaries, pp. 264-269. 
 
 Pu))lic acts of the legislature of the state of Michigan, passed 
 
 at the regular session of 1899. 
 Zatising: Robert ISnUth printing (■<>., 1899. Hi, 047, (/) 
 pp. 8-. 
 
 Priiiian<-s. pp. :!1, 30H-:i09. 
 
 Minnesota, (icncral laws of tlic state of Minnesota, passed during 
 the tliirtv-second sessioji of the state legislature, commenc- 
 ing .January eighth, one thousand nine hundred ami one. 
 St. Raul: MrOill-Warnrrro., 190!. r, {J), 812 p/>. S . 
 
 "An a<-t . . . providiiij; for flic Hflection of cniidiilatcH for 
 election hy popular vote, and relating to cIcctionH," jtp. 297-.'{0r).
 
 10 LIHKAKY OK (U)NGKESS 
 
 Mississippi. Tlio annotated code of the general statute laws of the 
 state of Mississippi, ])repared by R. H. Thompson, George 
 G. Dillard, and K. H. (^unplxdf. 
 ya.^hnlh,T<„».: M,ir.s/,<,II d- lintce, 1892. iv, 1253 pp. ^°. 
 Primnrv meetings and elections, i)p. 740-744. 
 
 Missouri. The revised statutes of the state of Missouri, 1899. 
 
 Jcferson City., Ma. : Trihime prlntinq company., 1899. 2 
 
 vols. 8°. 
 
 Primaries, vol. 2, pp. ](>63-1670. 
 
 Montana. The complete codes and statutes of the state of Mon- 
 tana in force July 1, 1895 . . . Edited by Wilbur Y. 
 Sanders. 
 Helena \eic.\ Montana., 1895. 2 vols. Ji°. 
 Primary elections, vol. 1, pp. 108-109, 179. 
 
 National municipal league. Proceedings of the . . . Confer- 
 ence for good city government and . . the National 
 municipal league. 
 Philadeljjhia: National municipal league., 1895-1903. 9 
 vols. 8°. 
 
 Primaries, 1894-95, pp. 48, 49, 52, 57, 61, 76; 1897, pp. 15, 19, 21; 
 1900, pp. 13, 14, 61, 64, 76, 77, 212-225; 1901, pp. 23-26, 75, 184- 
 19(j, 233; 1903, pp. 32, 122, 130-131, 234. 
 
 Nebraska. The compiled statutes of the state of Nebraska, 1881. 
 (10th ed.) With amendments 1882 to 1901 . . . Pub- 
 lished under authority of the legislature by Guy A. Brown 
 and Hiland H. Wheeler. 
 Lincoln., Nehr.: State journal compant/, 1901. .r, 1612 
 
 PX>. 8 . 
 
 Primary elections, pp. 602-607. 
 
 Nevada. The compiled laws of Nevada in force from 1861 to 1900 
 (inclusive). Compiled and annotated by Henry C. Cutting, 
 Carson City., Nevada: Andreiv Maute., superintendent of 
 state printing, 1900. vi, (2), 1075 pp. ^^. 
 Primary elections, pp. 386-389. 
 
 New Jersey. General statutes of New Jersey. 
 
 Jersey City, N. J.: F. I). Linn <& co., 1896. 3 vols. Jf°. 
 Primary meetings, etc., vol. 2, pp. 1369-1372. 
 
 Acts of the one hiuidred and twenty-seventh legislature of 
 
 the state of New Jersey and fifty-ninth under the new 
 constitution. 
 Trenton, N. J.: Mac C relli-^h <& Qui ghy, 1903. 87 If. pp. 8°. 
 Primary election law, further supplement to act to regulate elec- 
 tions, pp. 60:3-629.
 
 LIST OF EOOKS ON PRIMARY ELECTIONS 11 
 
 New York. Code of election laws of the state of New York, 
 embracing the general election law of 1890; the legislative 
 and congressional apportionment laws of 1892, [etc.]. By 
 William H. Silvernail. 
 Beads c6 hrothers: JWir Yorl\ Albany, 1898. {3), 252 pp. 
 Folded sheet. 8°. 
 
 "Primaries, conventions and nominations," i>|) oo-o5. 
 
 The election code of the state of New York, containing such 
 
 election laws as are in force in 1898. Compiled under the 
 direction of John Palmer, secretar}^ of state. 
 
 Albany, 1898. xii, ^62 pp. 8°. 
 
 "Primaries", conventions and nominations," pp. 56-85. 
 
 Jewett's manual for election officers and voters in the state 
 
 of New York, containing the general election law, town 
 meeting law, provisions relating to school meetings and the 
 primary law of 1899. Complete with amendments to 
 date. 12th ed. By F. G. Jewett. 
 Albany, jV. }'.: Jf. Bender, 1904-. ,/', 60/^ (/. e. 554) PP- 
 III lustrations. 8 . 
 
 Witli many extra numbered pages. 
 
 Jewett's primary cU'ction law of the state of New York, com- 
 
 plete with amendments to the end of the Legislature of 
 1904. Including the town enroUment act of 1902; with 
 annotations, forms, and complete index. 
 Alhany, N. Y.: M. Ilmder, 190^. (2), Ix-x, [66] pp. 8^. 
 From Jewett's Manual for election otfirers and voters. 
 
 The primar}' and general cli-ction laws as aiiiciKlcd to date. 
 
 Political manual for Greater New Y^ork, including tables of 
 election returns in presidential, state and city elections in all 
 the boroughs for a .series of years, boundaries of ])olitie!il 
 divisions, enrollment of political ])arties t'oi- l.Hi;', and tables 
 of representation in coiiN'entions. political calendar and 
 general inl'onnation. 
 Broollyn-N,m York: Fjujle huUdlmj, \1904\. IJl pp. 8^. 
 {Brooklyn /'M(jle library, vol. 18, nc II; serial no, Jf/f..) 
 
 Nevr York state library. Coniparatixe >nnnnaiy and index of 
 •state legislation, |S9(»-1908. 
 Albany: University <,f the state of ^^V//' York, 1891-190:1. 
 8'^. {N<nn York state I ibmry bulli till. Leijislation, nos. 1, 
 2, 3, 4, 5, a, 7, 9, 10, II, 15, IS, and J I.) 
 
 GivcH each yearn synupniH of tin- laws ]ia.«sed in llic vcvi-nil slates.
 
 12 LIHKARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 New York state library. Dioost of Governors' messages, 1902, 1903. 
 Ed. hy Kobort II. Wliitten. 
 Albany: Unircrsity of the state of JVew YoA', 1902-1903. 
 8^. {Neio York xtate library hullethiH. Legislation, nos. 17^ 
 
 20.) 
 
 Primary elections, 1902, pp. 267-268; Primary election laws, 1903, 
 pp. 55-61. 
 
 Review of leg-islatioii, 19nl. 1!)02. Ed. by Robert H. 
 
 Whitten. 
 Albany: Imiversity of the state of Neiv Tori; 1902. 8°. 
 (JVeic York state library bulletins. Legislation, nos. 16, 19.) 
 Primary elections, 1901, pp. 50-58; Primary elections, 1902, pp. 
 725-7:50. 
 
 North Dakota. Laws passed at the first session of tlie Legislative 
 Assembly of the state of North Dakota. Begun and held 
 at Bismarck, the capital of said state, on Tuesday, the nine- 
 teenth day of November, A. D. 1889, and concluded March 
 eighteenth, A. D. 1890. 
 Bismarck, Dak. : Tribune., jrrinters and binders, 1890. 583 
 
 2)p. 8°. 
 
 "Proxies in conventions," p. 330. 
 
 Laws passed at the sixth session of the Legislative Assembly 
 
 of the state of North Dakota, begun and held at Bismarck, 
 the capital of said state, on Tuesday, the third da}' of Janu- 
 ary, A. D. 1899, and concluded March third, A. D. 1899. 
 Grand Forks, N. D.: Herald, state printers and binders., 
 1899. 300 pp. 8°. 
 
 "Regulating caucuses," pp. 36-37. 
 
 Ohio. The annotated revised statutes of the state of Ohio, including 
 all laws of a general nature in force January 1, 1900. By 
 Clement Bates. 2d ed. 
 Cincinnati: W. 11. Anderson c& co., 1898. 3 vols. JfP. 
 Primary elections, vol. 1, pp. 1616-1626; vol. 2, pp. 3393-3394. 
 
 General and local acts passed and joint resolutions adopted b}'^ 
 
 the seventy-third General Assembly at its regular session, 
 begun and held in the cit}^ of Columbus, January" 3, 1898. 
 Volume xciii. 
 Columbus, Ohio: 1. L. Trauger, 1898. 789pp. 8°. 
 
 Primary elections in Cincinnati and Hamilton county, pp. 652-656. 
 
 Oregon. The codes and statutes of Oregon b}- Charles B. Bellinger 
 and William W. Cotton. 
 /San Francisco: Bancroft- Whitney company, 1902. 2 vols. 
 
 Of primary elections in general, vol. 2, pp. 974-987.
 
 LIST OF BOOKS ON PRIMARY ELECTIONS 13 
 
 Pennsylvania. The ballot law of Penn.sylvania. B3' Paul A. Kun- 
 kel, with introduction \>y John W. Simonton. 
 ^'^eicark, X ././ Sonei/ dc S,((/c, 1902. u'r, {1), ISo pp. 8^. 
 "Primary election offenses," pp. 147-170. 
 
 The Pennsylvania voter. A practical ouidc for voters and 
 
 election officers in all legal elections. With an appendix, 
 containing acts regulating primary elections, nominating 
 conventions, &c., and punishing fraud thereat, with other 
 relevant matter. By 8. ]M. Raymond. 
 Pittshurgh, Pa., 1885. (2), J8 pp. 8^. 
 
 Ray, F. P. The Crawford county system. Origin of the present 
 method of nominating candidates for political honors. 
 
 (//( Centennial edition of the Daily Trihnne-Republioan of Saturday 
 morning, May 12th, 1888, containing a history of the founding of 
 the city of Meadville and settlement of Crawford county, pp. 
 105-106. Meadville, Pennsylvania, 1888. 4°. ) 
 
 Remsen, Daniel S. Primary elections; a study of methods for 
 improving the basis of party organization. 
 G. P. Putnanrs som, A>t' York', 189 1^. 121 pp. 8^. ( Qiie.^- 
 tions of the day., 77.) 
 
 Rhode Island. January. 1898-September. 18i>9. Public laws of the 
 state of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. 
 Providence: E. L. Freeman dj sons, 1899. ;r.r, 313 pp. 8°. 
 "An act relative to political committees and caucuses," pp. 199-212; 
 Amendment, p. 310. 
 
 January, 1900-November, 1S)01. Public laws of the state of 
 
 Rhode Island and Providence Plantations. 
 Providence: K. L. Freeman cfc «</;<«, 1901. .cvii, (2), 378 pp. 
 
 Further amendment of caucus law. jij). 26:^-270. 
 
 Manual of election laws for the use of modcrutDrs, wardens, 
 
 clerks, and supervisors. Prepared by the state returning 
 board. 11>04. 
 Prmudrno, R. I.: A'. L. Freeman d- .^<»,s, 190 J^. 53 pp. 8^. 
 
 Public laws passed :d the December .session. \W1. 
 
 [Providence, 1902.] 52, ir j>j>. 8'^. 
 
 "An act in relation to the Imldingof caucuseH in the cities of Provi- 
 dence, Newi^^rt. and Pawtucket," |.p. :55-4r>. 
 
 Simons, Charles C. Direct i)rimary elect i(Mis. 
 
 (//( Micliigan i><)litiral Hience a.«ss(>ciati<iii. Puliliiatinns, vol r>. 
 March, 1!K>4, ]>\>. 1:54 -U4.) 
 
 South Carolina. Code of laws of South Carolina, l!M)2. 
 
 Columbia, S. C: The State company, state print, m, 1902. 2 
 voU. 8 . 
 
 Primary electioHH, vol. 1, pp. li:V115.
 
 14 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 South Dakota. Statutes of the stiitc of South Dakota. (2d rev. ed.) 
 C'ompilod and auuotated by Edwin L. Grantham. 
 A/ban I/: 11. H. Parsons, 1901. 2 vols. S^. 
 
 Convi'iitions or ]iriin:irii's, yec. 2039; Who may vote, sec. 2117. 
 
 Spahr, Charles H. Direct priiuaiies. 
 
 (/// National imiiiicipal league. Seventh annual meeting. Proceed- 
 ings, pp. 1S4-UU1. Philadelphia, 1901. 8°.) 
 
 Steiner, Bernard C. Citizenship and suHrage in Maryland. 
 CushiiH/ ik company, Bali i more, 1895. 95 pp. 8^. 
 Primary elections, pji. 4'i, nl, 79. 
 
 Tennessee. Aets of the state of Tennessee pas.sed by the fifty -first 
 
 General A.ssenibly, 1S99. 
 
 Xashvllle^ Tenn.: MdishtilJ c(' Bruce co., 1899. 13If5, {2) pp. 
 
 8°. 
 
 Primary elections legalized in certain counties, pp. 963-964. 
 
 Texas. Clarke & Courts' revised and complete election laws of the 
 state of Texas, including the laws of the twent3'-sixth legis- 
 lature. 
 Galveston, Clarke ds CourU, \1900\. 70, {2) pp. 1,9. 
 Cover-title. 
 
 Revised election laws of the state of Texas, embracing the 
 
 Terrell law, city and town laws, incorporated school district 
 
 laws, local option, county' seat, school election laws, stock 
 
 laws, drainage, public weigher and prairie dog election 
 
 laws and penalties. [By Floyd Shock.] 
 
 ^Galveston, Texas: PnUishedhy Clarke iSa CoiirU, 1901,..^ 98 
 
 pp. Jf^. 
 
 "Primary elections and conventions," pp. 20-25. 
 
 Union league of Philadelphia. Essays on political organization. 
 Selected from among those submitted in competition for 
 the prizes otiered Ijy the Union League of Philadelphia. 
 Philaddplua: Collins, 1868. 106 pp. 8^. 
 
 Barber, W. S. A plan by which political parties in a republic 
 
 may be legally empowered to select candidates for ofl&ce, pp. 5-15. 
 
 Blodget, L. Practical defects of the existing forms of political 
 
 action, pp. 89-lUO. 
 Came, C. G. Legal nominations, pp. 17-26. 
 
 Goepp, C. On the legal organization of the people to select candi- 
 dates for office, pp. 27-88. 
 
 Utah. Laws of the state of Utah, passed at the third regular session 
 
 of the legislature of the state of Utah, held at Salt Lake 
 
 City, the state capital, in January, Februar}" and March, 
 
 1899. 
 
 Salt Lake City: Tribune joh printing comjmny, 1899. 193 
 
 pp. li-. 
 
 Primary elections, pp. 118-119.
 
 LIST OF BOOKS ON PRIMARY ELECTIONS 15 
 
 Virginia. Code of Virginia jis amended to adjournment of General 
 Assembh' 1904. Edited by J no. Garland Pollard. 
 St. Paul^ Jlijin.: West puhlishing co.., 190 J^. 2 vols. ^P. 
 
 Who may vote at primary elei-tion?, sec. 122o; Application of laws, 
 gee. 122o; Regulations for purity of primary elections, sec. 145a. 
 
 "Washington. Pierce's code; a compilation of all the laws in force in 
 the state of Washington. Compiled by Frank Pierce. 
 Seattle., Washington : Tribune ])rinting company., 1902. (^), 
 23-1689 pp. .^°. 
 
 Primary elections, pp. 837-845. 
 
 "West Virginia. The code of West Virginia. (4th ed.). Compiled 
 pursuant to a joint resolution of the legislature by John 
 A. Warth. 
 Charleston: Mail-Ti'lhanc hook room., 1900. viii., 14^6, (1) 
 
 JPP- ^^■ 
 
 Conventions, primary elections, etc., pp. 69-73, 1123-1126. 
 
 Whitridge, Frederick W. Caucus S3'stem. 
 
 {In Lalor's Cyclopaedia of political science, political economy, and 
 of the political history of the United States, vol. 1, pp. 357-364. 
 Chicago, 1899. 8°. ) 
 
 "Wilder. Amos Parker. Primary election laws. 
 
 (/« National municipal league. Sixth annual meeting. Proceed- 
 ings, pp. 212-225. Philadelphia, 1900. 8°. ) 
 
 "Wisconsin. Wisconsin statutes of 1898. Edited and annotated by- 
 Arthur L. San))orn and John W. Herryman. 
 Chicago: CaJlaglian and company., 1898. 2 vols. IfP. 
 Of caucuses, vol. 1, pp. 16.5-170. 
 
 The laws of Wisconsin, joint resolutions and memorials 
 
 passed at the biennial session of the Legislature, 1903. 
 2IadUon, Wis.: Drinocrat pflnting company., 1903. {2)^ 99jIi. 
 pp. 8-. 
 
 "An act to provide for party nominations l»y direct vote," pp. 
 754-766. 
 
 "Woodburn, James Albert. Political parties and party problems in 
 the United States: a sketch of Aiiicrican party history and 
 of the development and operations of party machinery, 
 together with a consiflcration of ccitain ])ai'ty i)roblonis in 
 their relations to political morality. 
 G. J*. Piitnaiiis suns. Xew York and London., lllOl. /,/•, (i), 
 
 3U PP' 8^. 
 
 I'rimary election reform, |>j>. 283-294. 
 
 "Wyoming. I'rimaiv. registration and election laws of the state of 
 Wyoming. In force from and after Kelji'uary 24, 1897. 
 Published . . . by Charles W. Hurdick. 
 \^RawllnK\: J'nss of liaivllns liepuhUcan., 1898. 92 }>p. 8^.
 
 16 LIBRARY OB^ CONGRESS 
 
 "Wyoming. Hovisod statutes of Wyoming. In force December 1, 
 1890. Revised, compiled, edited and pu))lished b}'^ J. A. 
 Van Orsdel, attorney creneral. and Fenimore Chatterton, 
 secretary of state. 
 Laramie, Wyoming: Chaplin^ Spafford (& Mathison^ 1899. 
 1570 pp. Jf^. 
 
 Nominations, pp. 1-14-149.
 
 PRIMARY ELECTIONS: ARTICLES IN PERIODICALS 
 
 1869. Legalization of caucuses. A. G. Sedofwick. 
 Nation, vol. 8 {Feb. ^, 1869): 86-87. 
 
 Editorial critici:5m on a plan a'lvanced hy C. G. Came in an essay 
 published l)y the Union league of Philadelphia, entitled: "Legal 
 nominations." 
 
 1875. The trouble with the caucus. 
 
 • Neio Englander, vol. Slf. {July, 1875): 473-487. 
 Advocates smaller election precincts. 
 
 1878. The caucus and its consequences. Edward D. ,J. Wilson. 
 Nineteenth century, vol. If. {Oct.., 1878): 695-712. 
 
 Opposes the introduction of the caucus into English politics. 
 
 1881. Reform in primary elections. Edward Fenno Hotfman. 
 Fe7in niontJdy. vol. 12 {Aug., 1881): 602-608. 
 Argues for direct primaries. 
 
 1881. The regeneration of the primary. 
 
 Nation, vol. 33 {Dt-c. 22, 1881): 4S6-487. 
 
 Editorial on the report of the Young Men's Democratic Club favor- 
 ing direct primaries. 
 
 1882. The primary in California. A. H. Nye. 
 
 A^ation, vol 34. {Jan. 26, 1882): 7^-75. 
 
 Letter describing what tin- writer tcrins the failure of the California 
 system. 
 
 1882. "Government l»y the caucus," or, the oriiaiiization of igno- 
 
 rance as a political power. K. S. Mollat. 
 Time, vol. 7 {Sept., 1882): 707-718. 
 
 Discussion of the caucus system after twn years' trial in England. 
 
 1883. Our nominating machines. George Walton (rreen. 
 
 All a7itic monthly, ml. 52 {.fuly, 1S83): 323-329. 
 
 An exposition of " the development of the machine sy.^tem of polit- 
 ical nominations in the metropolis of .\merieii." Calls for a reform 
 in primaries. 
 
 1883. Facts about the caucu- :iiiil I In- i)rimary. ( icorge Walton 
 Green. 
 North Anurican r»mew, vol. 137 {S,'j>t., 1883): 257-269. 
 
 Dwells rm the cvIIh of tlie caucus system and rails for reform, but 
 fornmlatcH no plan. 
 
 17
 
 18 
 
 I.IHKAKV OF CONGRESS 
 
 1887. Substitutes for tho caucus. R. II. Dana. 
 Forum, vol. 2 {Jan., 1S87): Jfi 1-501. 
 
 "Tho real ronu'ily if to stop the supply of offices and money. This 
 eaii be done only by Civil Service Reform, and by strict laws as 
 to the expenditure of money in nominations and elections." 
 
 1892. The primary tho pivot of reform. David Dudley Field. 
 Forum, vol. Ik- {Oct., 1892): 189-19S. 
 
 "There is little new in what is here written. My aim is to reiter- 
 ate, and by reiteration enforce, if I may be so fortunate, what 
 has been written many times before. . . . The true reform club 
 is tile primary." 
 
 1894. Municipal primaries in the South. S. S. P. Patterson. 
 Sewanee review, vol. 2 {Aug. , 189Jf) : Ji.Jt.9. 
 
 1897. Machine candidates. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 55 {Jan. 9, 1897): 155-156. 
 Editorial on the need of direct primaries. 
 
 1897. The menace of the machine. Robert M. La Follette. 
 
 Univer.^ity record, vol. 1 {Jlar. 5, 1897): 587-593. 
 Advocates direct primaries. 
 
 1897. The nominating sj'stem. E. L. Godkin. 
 
 Atlantic monthly, rd. 79 {Apr., 1897): J^50-J^67. 
 
 An exposition of the evils of the existing nominating systems. Sug- 
 gests no specific remedy. 
 
 1897. Lewis primarj^ election bill. 
 
 Outlooh, voL55 {Apr. 10, 1897): 963. 
 
 Editorial note on the Lewis primary election bill introduced in the 
 Wisconsin legislature. 
 
 1897. How to reform the primary -election system. (With particular 
 reference to reforms in operation or proposed.) Edward 
 Insley. 
 
 Arena,\^ol. 17 {June, 1897): 1013-1023. 
 
 Names various plans of reform; outlines a "practical remedy," 
 giving features eml)odied in the bill presented to the Illinois legis- 
 lature in the spring of 1897, and notes "what legislatures are 
 doing for the reform." 
 
 1897. Futility of primary reform. 
 
 Nation, vol. 65 {Dec. 2, 1897): 1^31-1^32. 
 
 Editorial declaring the ineffectiveness of the primary laws in force 
 as demonstrated in the results of certain contested election cases, 
 notably the Westchester county case, in New York. 
 
 1897. Substitutes for the primary. 
 
 mttio7i, vol. 65 {Dec. 23, 1897): 1^90-1^91. 
 
 Editorial describing Brooks's plan for the "institution of a nominat- 
 ing ballot sy.stem." 
 
 1897. Primary elections. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 57 {Dec. k-, 1897): 790. 
 
 Editorial note on a proposed national conference on direct primaries.
 
 PRIMARY elections: ARTICLES IN PERIODICALS 19 
 
 1897. A necessaiy reform. 
 
 Outlool', vol. 57 {Dec. 18, 1897): 943-94S. 
 Editorial note on Mr. Brooks's plan. 
 
 1897. The nominatiiio- ballot. F. M. Brooks. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 57 {Dec. 18, 1897): 950-952. 
 
 Plea for a system to take the place of the "primary convention 
 
 method." 
 
 1898. Reform of the party primaries. 
 
 Independent^ vol. 50 {Jan. 27, 1898): 117. 
 
 Editorial on the need of reform in system of making party nomi- 
 nations. 
 
 1898. The nominating ballot. L. G. MoConaohie. 
 
 Outlool; vol. 58 {Jan. 15, 1898): 176-177. 
 
 Brief description of a plan supplementary to Brooks's scheme. 
 
 1898. Hill bill for primary reform. 
 
 Outlook^ vol. 58 {Jan. 22, 1898): 210. 
 
 Brief editorial discussion of the bill introduced by 11. \V. Hill for 
 primary reform. 
 
 1898. An essential reform. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 58 {Jan. 29, 1898): 261-262. 
 
 Editorial on the primary election reform convention. 
 
 1898. Primary election reform. Fi-om a staff eoi'respomlent. 
 Outlool', vol 58 {Jan. 29, 1898): 266-268. 
 
 Synopsis of proceedingrs of the Primary elections reform convention 
 hcM in. New York in 1S9S. 
 
 1898. Report of the Buffalo R(')iul)licaii Iciii^iic committee on pii- 
 mary reform. 
 PuM/c opinio?}, vol. 24, {Jan. IS, 1898): Jf.0-41. 
 Editorial. 
 
 1898. Reform of the primaries. Carl Schurz. 
 
 Haiper'xm.'dh,, ml. J,2 {F,h. 5, 1S98): 123-124. 
 
 Di.scus.«ion of the effectiveness of propo.sed reform, with the conclu- 
 sion that " the jirimary reformers who aim at lifting' our politics to 
 a hipher plane, will finally have to admit that still more impurtant 
 than an improvement of the mtchanisin of primary elections 
 and caucuses will !»• the I'ollowint; three thinf.'s : the restriction 
 of the i)atronane to the narrowest limits, an amendment to our 
 election laws making indepen<lent nominations as eiu^y as possi- 
 ble, aii<l another hanisliiny the party column from our ollicial 
 hallot, arranj/int.' tin- nominees for caih oHice in alphahelical 
 oriler, and thus (jhli^inj; the voter individually to identify each 
 candiflate he wishcH to vote for." 
 
 1898. Primary elections. 
 
 OntlooJc, vol. 58 (F,h. 12, 1898): 1/^5-4^6 . 
 
 Editorial note on an act for tlie reform of prinuiry elections |»assod 
 1(V thf Illinois leffislature.
 
 20 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 1898. Reform of primaries. 
 
 Gunfofr.s m ami sine, vol. U{3far., 1898): 152^157. 
 Argument fur n-fonu without presenting any plan. 
 
 1898. A now kind of primary. 
 
 JVatwn, roL 06 (M,ir'. 3, 1898): 161-162. 
 Editorial reganllng a bill. 
 
 1898. Primiirv law in Illinoi.s. 
 
 Outlonl: rol. 58 {J/ar. ^6, 1898): 753-75J,. 
 
 I'Alitorial note on the first trial of the Illinois primary election law 
 in Chicago. 
 
 1898. The New York primary election law. Walter J., Branson. . 
 
 American academy of political and social science. Annals^ 
 vol. 11 {May, 1898): 381-383. 
 
 Brief summary of the New York law of 1898. 
 
 1898. The movement for better primaries. W. H. Hotchkiss. 
 
 American monthly reviein of reviews, vol. 11 {May, 1898): 
 583-589. 
 
 Considers first the caucus, secondly sets forth the action taken in 
 Minnesota, AVisconsin, Ohio, Michigan, Kentucky, Missouri, 
 Massachusetts, California, and Chicago. Describes the New 
 York primary law. 
 
 1898. Direct nomination of candidates by the people. John S. 
 Hopkins. 
 Arena, vol. 19 {June, 1898): 729-739. 
 
 Describes the primary system used by the Republicans of Jackson 
 county, Kans., since 1877, which he considers a model. 
 
 1898. The reform of the primar}-. George L. Record. 
 Municipal affairs, vol. 2\june, 1898): 176-182. 
 Presents a plan for "Direct vote at the primary." 
 
 1898. Primaries in Georgia. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 59 {June 18, 1898): J^ll. 
 
 Editorial note on the operations of the primary election law in 
 Georgia. 
 
 1898. Primaries in New" York. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 59 {June 18, 1898): J^ll. 
 
 P>ditorial note on the ' ' first Republican primaries held in this city 
 (New York) under the new primary election law." 
 
 1898. Proposed reforms in Wisconsin. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 59 {July 30, 1898): 759. 
 
 Editorial notes on La FoUette's letter announcing his candidacy, in 
 which he supports direct primary reforms. 
 
 1898. The dark side of direct primaries. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 59 {July 30, 1898): 797. 
 
 Letter showing the ill results of the direct primaries in Cleveland, 
 Ohio.
 
 PRIMARY elections: ARTICLES IN PERIODICALS 
 
 21 
 
 1898. 
 
 1898. 
 
 1898. 
 
 1898. 
 
 1899. 
 
 1899. 
 
 1899. 
 
 1899. 
 
 1899. 
 
 1899. 
 
 1900. 
 1900. 
 
 The conflict in Wisconsin. 
 Outlook^ vol. 59 {Aug. 27, 1898): 1001. 
 Editorial note on La Follette's campaign. 
 
 Direct primaries in South Carolina. Observer. 
 Outlook, vol. 60 {Sept. 10, 1898): U6. 
 
 Letter from Greenville, S. C, describing the primary laws and 
 criticising their operation. 
 
 Gains for direct legislation. 
 Outlook, vol. 60 {Sejjt. 17, 1898): 156. 
 
 Editorial note on the party platforms which advocate primary 
 reforms. 
 
 Direct primaries. F. M. Brooks. 
 Outlook, vol. 60 {Sept. 2 J,., 1898): 251-252. 
 
 Letter in regard to primaries in Cleveland, Ohio. 
 
 Tendencies in primary legislation. Walter J. Branson. 
 Anierican acadeimj of jjolitical and social scie^nce. Annals, 
 vol. 13 {May, 1899): 31,6-357. 
 
 Analyses of the legislative enactments regulating primaries, with a 
 table of primary election laws giving essential features. 
 
 The direct primary law in Minnesota. 
 Outlook, vol. 62 {May 20, 1899): 150-151. 
 Synopsis of the Minnesota law. 
 
 Direct primaries in the South. 
 Outlook, vol. 62 {June 3, 1899): 24.3. 
 Editorial note. 
 
 Concurrent primaries. 
 Outlook, vol. 03 {Sept. 2, 1899): 8-9. 
 
 Editorial note on the primary system put into practice in San 
 Francisco. 
 
 Direct primaries in Kansas and Missouri. 
 Outlook, vol. 63 {Oct. 28, 1899): 475. 
 Editorial note. 
 
 When the people nominate. Bird S. Coler. 
 
 Independent, vol. 51 {Nov. 30, 1S09): 3210-3212. 
 
 Suggests the following plan: " Lt-t tlie Ucimblicau voters nominate 
 tiicir caiididatfs for ollici' and li-t tin- Di'nnicralif voters nomiiiatf 
 the candidates of tlnir party l>y tlic siniiilc iintli(Ml of ia.«ting 
 a secret ballot, tlu- man receiving the largest number of votes in 
 each ca.««' to be ntiuiinci'." 
 
 Direct primaries and ward option in Ohio. 
 Oullnnk, ml. 6.1, {Kh. 17, 1900): 378. 
 Ivlitorial note. 
 
 Direct primario make ln.'adway. 
 Outlook, vol. 65 {Auci. 4, 1900): 761. 
 
 Editorial note on the siicceiw of \a FoIlette'H candidacy.
 
 oo 
 
 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 1900. Direct primaries in Wisconsin. 
 
 Outhol', vol. 65 {Aug. IS, 1900): 897-898. 
 
 Editorial on tin- Wisconsin Republican platform. 
 
 1900. The tj^rowth of muchine power. E. P. Clark. 
 Nation, vol. 71 {Sept. 6, 1900): 183-18 J^. 
 
 Editorial disoupsintr the primaries recently held in the boroughs of 
 Manhattan and Brooklyn, showing the ineffectiveness of the new 
 l)rimary law. 
 
 1900. Direct and indirect primaries. 
 
 Outlool; vol. 66 {Sept. 8, 1900): 91-92. 
 
 Editorial note on the effet-t of indirect primaries as showm in the 
 nomination of Democratic candidate for governor, in contrast with 
 the results of direct primaries in South Carolina. 
 
 1900. The dispensary in South Carolina. 
 
 Outlook, vol.' 66 {Sept. ^^, 1900): 193. 
 
 Editorial note on the direct primary in South Carolina. 
 
 1900. Minnesota's new primary election law. Samuel M. Davis. 
 
 Indep>endmt, vol. 52 {Oct. 18, 1900): 2I^95-2Jf,97. 
 
 Outlines the law of 1899, limited to Hennepin county, in w^hich 
 Minneapolis is situated, and describes the first operation of the 
 law, Sept. 18, 1900. 
 
 1900. Direct primaries in Minneapolis. 
 
 Outlool; vol. 66 {Oct. 6, 1900): 288-289. 
 Editorial note. 
 
 1900. New primary law. 
 
 American academy of political and social science. Annals^ 
 vol. 16 {Nov., 1900): .m. 
 
 Brief note on election in Hennepin county under primary law. 
 
 1900. Direct primaries in Pennsylvania. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 66 {Dec. 8, WOO): 861-862. 
 
 Gives the result of the election in Scranton, Pa., under the Crawford 
 county system. 
 
 1901. Minnesota law governing primaries. F. L. McVey. 
 
 Yale review, vol. 9 {Feb., 1901): 1^50. 
 
 Brief review of the results of the election in Hennepin county under 
 the primary election law of 1899. 
 
 1901. Direct primaries demanded. 
 
 Outlool; vol. 67 {Mar. 2, 1901): 1^.77-1^78. 
 
 Editorial note on the movement in Wisconsin. 
 
 1901. Direct primaries. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 67 {Mar. 23, 1901): 654.-655. 
 
 Editorial note on the adoption of the system in Minnesota. 
 
 1901. Doom of the dictator. 
 
 Gunton' 8 magazine, vol. 20 {Apr., 1901): 323-332. 
 Reform of the primaries to do away with "bossism."
 
 PRIMARY elections: ARTICLES IN PERIODICALS 
 
 23 
 
 y 
 
 1901. Reforms advanced in Minnesota. 
 
 Outiool', vol. 68 {2Iay J,, 1901): 3. 
 Editorial on ^linnesota primary law. 
 
 1901. Municipal gains and losses. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 68 {Mai/ 18, 1901): 139-1^0. 
 
 Editorial note on the measures for reform of primaries. 
 
 1901. Direct primaries and imiform accounts. 
 
 Outlook', vol. 68 {May 18, 1901): UO-Ul. 
 Editorial on the "Crawford county system." 
 
 1901. Governor La Follette's ringing message. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 68 {May ^25, 1901): 199-201. 
 
 Editorial on the message of La Follette vetoing the direct j)rimary 
 bill. 
 
 1901. The rights of man; a study in twentieth century problems. 
 Lyman Abbott. 
 , Outlook, vol. 68 {June 16, 1901): 396-J^Ol. 
 Commends the direct primary. 
 
 1901. The Minnesota primary election law. Experience under it up 
 
 to date. A. L. Mearkle. 
 American monthly review of reviews, vol. 2Jf. {Oct., 1901): 
 J^6If-Jf68. 
 
 Discussion of the law of 1899 with note of some defects. 
 
 1902. Gains and losses for direct primaries. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 70 {Mar. 29, 1902): 7^5. 
 
 Editorial note on gains in New York ;uid drawbacks in Indiana. 
 
 1902. Direct nomination. J. T. Newcoml). 
 Nation, rol. 76 {July 31. 1902): S6. 
 
 Discusses the Minnesota law, i)receded l>y a statement regarding the 
 movement for primary reform in New York and .Massachusetts. 
 
 1902. Direct primaries. 
 
 Harpers toeekly. ml. '/: {A,„j. 9, 1902): 1070. 
 Editorial cii tin- Minnesota law. 
 1902. MiiHiesota's experience with direct noininations. 
 Outlook. >'ol.72(S,'j>f. 27, 1902): IS9. 
 
 Ivlitorial note on the primary election of SeptcmlMi-, 1902. 
 
 1902. Test of tlic .MiuMoota primary election system. F. M. Ander- 
 son. 
 American academy of political and social science. Annals, 
 vol. 20 {Nov., 1902): 616-626. 
 
 A detailed exainination of the workings of the law ha.^eil n|ion olli- 
 eiiil ele<tion returns, ••te., with consideration of defects in the law. 
 
 1902. County primary eh-ction in I'eniisylvania. 
 
 Ameriraik acad< my of jinlifical and suciid science. Annals, 
 vol. 20 {Nc, 1902): 640-6/,3. 
 
 A cliHcuH.''ion of the Iliicks county primary, which \n declared (o he 
 "altogetlier vicioUH."
 
 24 
 
 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 1902. Uosults ot" tho ^Minnesota priinaiy election system. T. M. 
 Knappon. 
 Imiependent, vol. 5^ (Mv. lo\ 1902): 26H-2695. 
 
 A favorable view of the working of the Minnesota system, 
 
 1902. Direct nominations in Massachusetts. 
 Outlook, vol 72 {Nov. 1, 1902): JfSG. 
 
 Editorial noto on the application of the law of 1901. 
 
 1902. Theorv and practice of the new primary hiw; a plea for com- 
 
 pulsory voting-. William Hemstreet. 
 Arena, vol. 28 {Dec, 1002): 585-595. 
 
 1903. Needed political reforms. Edward Insley. 
 
 Arena, vol. 29 {Jan., 190S): 71^5. 
 
 Submits proposition which the writer regards "as essential to any 
 good primary law." 
 
 1903. Primary reform in Baltimore. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 73 {Feh. 7, 1903): 263''-26^''. 
 
 Editorial outlining features of law which had its first operation in 
 Baltimore in the spring of 190o. 
 
 1903. Joint primary plan in Massachusetts. 
 
 Outlool\ roi. 7Jf {July 4, 1903): 537. 
 
 Editorial note on the passage of the Luce bill. 
 
 1903. Progress of direct primary reform. 
 
 World's work, vol. 6 {Aug., 1903): 3715-3716. 
 
 Brief survey of recent legislation in Massachusetts and in some 
 western states. 
 
 1903. Progress of direct primary reform. C. R. Woodruff. 
 
 Chautauquan, vol. 38 {Sept. 9, 1903): 9-10. 
 
 Brief notice of movement in ^Minnesota, Wisconsin, Indiana, New 
 Jersey and Massachusetts. 
 
 1903. More victories for direct primaries. 
 
 Outlook, vol. 75 {Oct. 3, 1903): 237. 
 
 Editorial note on the adoption of a direct primary law in Louisiana, 
 and the workings of the Massachusetts law in the Boston election. 
 
 1904. Reform of primaries. 
 
 Current literature, vol. 37 {July, 1901^): 22-21),. 
 Review of Meyer's "Nominating systems." 
 
 1904. Progress of primary i-eform. 
 
 Nation, vol. 79 {()ct. 13, 1901^): 290. 
 
 Considei"s the operation of IMinnesota law and the pro\nsions of the 
 law proposed in Wisconsin. 
 
 1904. The political machine. James R. Trowbridge. 
 Yale review, vol. 13 {Nov., 1901^): 287-295. 
 
 Thinks that direct primaries aim to l)reak down the machine, but 
 the latter stands to win if it makes good nominations.
 
 AUTHOR IXDEX 
 
 Page 
 
 Abbott, Lyman 23 
 
 Anderson, F. M 23 
 
 Barber, W. S 14 
 
 Bates, Clement 12 
 
 Bellinger, Charles B 12 
 
 Berryman, John R 15 
 
 Blodget, L 14 
 
 Branson, Walter J 20, 21 
 
 Brooks, F. M 19, 21 
 
 Brown, Guy A 10 
 
 Bryce, James 5 
 
 Burdick, Charles \V 15 
 
 Burns, Harrison 7 
 
 Came, C. G 14, 1 7 
 
 Campbell, R. B .. 10 
 
 Carroll, John D 8 
 
 Chatterton, Fenimore 16 
 
 Clark, Charles C. P 6 
 
 Clark, E.P 22 
 
 Clemens, G. C 6, 8 
 
 Coler, Birds 21 
 
 Cotton, William W 12 
 
 Cutting, Henry C 10 
 
 Dallinger, F. W 6 
 
 Dana, R. H 18 
 
 Davis, Samuel M 22 
 
 Deering, James H 6 
 
 Dillard, George (i 10 
 
 Eaton, Dorman B 6 
 
 Field, David't)udley 18 
 
 Gay, Richard 1 « 
 
 Godkin, E. L 7, 18 
 
 Goepp, C 14 
 
 Goodnow, F. J 7 
 
 Grantham, Kdwiii L 14 
 
 Green, (jeorge Walton 17 
 
 Hempstead, Ernest A 7 
 
 Hemstret't, William 24 
 
 Hill, 11. W V.) 
 
 Hill, Joseph M 5 
 
 Hoffman, Eilward Fenno 17 
 
 Hopkins, John S 2(1 
 
 Horner, Frank A 7 
 
 Hotchkiss, W. H 20 
 
 Hurd, Harvey B " 
 
 Insley, Kdward IH, 24 
 
 Jewett, F. ( i 11 
 
 Page 
 
 Knappen, T. M 24 
 
 Kunkel, Paul A 13 
 
 La Follette, Robert M 18 
 
 Lawton, George W 8 
 
 McConachie, L. G 19 
 
 ^IcCrary, George W 8 
 
 McCune, Henry L 8 
 
 McVey, F. L 22 
 
 Macy, Jesse 8 
 
 Mearkle, A. L 23 
 
 Meyer, Ernst Christopher 9 
 
 Miller, Lewis M 9 
 
 .Mills, J. Warner 6 
 
 -Moffat, R. S 17 
 
 Newcomb, J. T 23 
 
 Nye, A. B 17 
 
 Palmer, John 11 
 
 Pattei-son, S. S. P 18 
 
 Pierce, Frank 15 
 
 Pollard, John Garland 15 
 
 Ray, F. P 13 
 
 Raymond, .S. M 13 
 
 Record, George L 20 
 
 Remsen, Daniel S 13 
 
 Sanborn, .Vrthur L 15 
 
 Sandels, L. P 5 
 
 Sandei-s, Wilbur F 10 
 
 Schurz, Carl 19 
 
 Sedgwiek, A. ( J 17 
 
 Shock, Floyd 14 
 
 Silvernail. William II 11 
 
 Simons, Charles C 13 
 
 Simonton, John W 13 
 
 Spahr, Cluirles !i 14 
 
 Steiner, Bernard (' 14 
 
 Thompson, U. II 10 
 
 Trowl)ridg»', James R 24 
 
 Van Orsdel, J. A \ii 
 
 Warth, Jolin A 15 
 
 Wheel. -r, inland II 10 
 
 Whitridge, Fre.I.TJck W 15 
 
 Wliill.-ii. KuhtTt H 12 
 
 Wilder, Amos Parker 15 
 
 Wilson, K<l\vard I>. J 17 
 
 Wolff, Solomon 8 
 
 Woodlturn, JanifH All»ert 15 
 
 Woodruff, C. R 24 
 
 25 
 
 o 
 
 12S
 
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