THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES y./ '&-% ' ' * ' MEMOIRS OF SEVERAL PERSONS AND FAMILIES, WHO, BY FEMALES ARE ALLIED TO, OR DESCENDED FROM, THE PROTECTORATE-HOUSE O F CROMWE LL; CHIEFLY COLLECTED FROM ORIGINAL PAPERS AND RECORDS. TO WHICH IS ADDED, A CATALOGUE of fuch Perfons who were raifed to honors or great employments by the C ROM WELLS; WITH THE LIVES OF MANY OF THEM. By MARK NOBLE, F. S. A. RECTOR OF BADDESLEY-CLINTON, AND VICAR or PACXWOOD, BOTH IN WARWICKSHIRE. VOL. II. BIRMINGHAM, PRINTED BY PEARSON AND ROLLASON; SOLD BY" R. BALDWIN, P A T E R- N O S T E R ROW} B. W H I T I, FL*ET-STR EE T ; J. R O B 8 O N, N E W - B O N D - S T R E E T J AMD 6. HAYES, OXFORD -ROAD, LONDON* MDCCLXXXIV, CONTENTS^ VOLUME II. I. Hijlory of the earls of Ejjex, and the lord Crom- ivells, earls of Arglnfs - I No. II. The family of St. John^ including others. - The life of Oliver St. John, lord chief jujlice of the common pleas ^ a cotifin by marriage to Oliver lord protetlor 1 6 No. III. A Jhort Jketch of the family ofNeale, descended from Anna, youngejl daughter and coheirefs of Henry Crornive//, efq. o/Upwood, uncle to Oliver lord proteftar 36 No. IV. The hijlory of the baronet family of Barrington, de- fcended by a female from the protectorate houfe of Crom- well - - - 44 No. V. The hijlory of the noble family of Majham, defcended from the Cromwelis, through the Barringtons 67 No. VI. The hijlory of the Everards defcendsd from Joan Harrington, daughter of fir Thomas Harrington* bart. and grand-daughter of Joan, the eldejl daughter of fir Henry Cromwell, knt. grandfather to the protestor Oliver 76 No. VII. The hijlory of 'the family of Hampden, defcended from the Cromwel/s, by the marriage of Elizabeth, daughter of fir Henry Cromwell, knt. (grandfather of the proteclor Oliver] to William Hampden, efq. 81 No. VIII. A Jketch of the family of Knightley, allied to the protectorate honje of Cromwell, by the marriage of fir Rich- ard Knight ley, knight of the bath, to Elizabeth^ daughter of the patriot Hampden 124 No. IX. 7* hi/lory of fir Robert Pye, knt. allied to the pro- teftor Oliver, by marrying Ann, daughter of John Hamp- den, efq. firnamed the patriot 1 36 No. X. The hijlory oj 'the family of Trevor, now Hampden, defcended from Ruth, daughter of the celebrated John Hampden ) efj. and couftn of Oliver lord prote&or 138 iv CONTENTS. No. IX. The bijlory of the families of -Hammond and H"o~ bart, allied to the Cromwelh, by, two genthmen of thofe names, marrying Mary, daughter of the patriot Hutnpden l s l No. XII. The bijlory of the Wballcy family, allied to the protectorate houfe of Cromwell, by the marriage of Frances, daughter of fir Henry Cromwell, knt. to Richard Whalley, efq. and particularly of colonel Edward Whalley, a defcend- ant of that marriage, who was one of king Charles J.'s judges, a major-general, and one of Oliver's lords. 168 No. XIII. The bijlory of the Duncbs, of Little-Wittenham, allied to the protectorate houfe of Cromwell, from the mar- riage of fir William Duncb, knt. with Mary, the youngeji daughter of fir Henry Cromwell, hut* and aunt to the t>ro- teftor Oliver. 189 No. XIV. Some obfcrvations upon the Bromley family , with whom fir Oliver Cromwell, the protedor Olivers uncle, allied bimfelfby bis fir ft marriage. 203 No. XV. The hiftory of fir Horatio Palavicini, with feme account of his family and defcendants 207 No. XIV. The bijiory of the family of IngoUjby, allied to that of Cromwell by the marriage of Catherine, daughter of . fir Oliver Cromwell, knight of the bath (uncle to the pro- teffor Oliver) to fir Richard Ingoldfby, knt. 216 No. XVII. Some particulars of the family of Stuart, anceftors ofmrs. Cromwell, wife of mr. Robert Cromwell, and mo- ther of the protestor Oliver 231 No. XVIII. The life of colonel Valentine Wauton, who mar- ried Margaret, the daughter of mr. Robert Cromwell, and Jijhr of Oliver lord proteftor. 236 No. XIX. The life of John Dejborough, efq. ene of the pro- te&or Oliver's lords, and brother-in-law to him 243 No. XX. Some account of William L&ckhart, efq. nephew by marriage to the protettor Oliver 255 No. XXI. Some particulars of the Whet ft ones, allied to tbi protestor Oliver, by the marriage of Roger Whetjlone, efq. with Jane, ajifter of his hlghnefs 262 CONTENTS. Y No. XXII. The life of colonel John Jones, one of king Charles I.'s judgts, and a lord of bis brother-in-law Oliver the pro- teflor's other houfe 266 No. XXIII. Some account of dr. Peter French, brother-in-law to the proteftor Oliver, and the defendants of his marriage with Robina, the youngejififter of that f over eign 277 No. XXIV. The life of dr. Wllklns, hi/hop of Che/er, bro- ther-in-law to the prateflor Oliver 283 No. XXV. The life of Henry. Ireton, efq. fon in-law to the protestor Oliver, one of the king's judges, and lord deputy of Ireland 293 No. XXVI. Various anecdotes of the extraordinary mn. Bendyjh, by different hands 305 No. XX VI I. The life of Charles Fkelwood, lord-lieute- nant of Ireland, and one of his fifther-in-law the pro- tfttor Oliver's lords > 233 No. XXVIII. The life of John Cleypole, efq. fon-Maw to Oliver lord protestor, and one of his lords ; and alfo tnajltr of the horfe to both the proteftors, Oliver and Richard 349 No. XXIX. The life of Thomas, vifcount, afterwards earl ef Faitconberg, the hufband of Mary, third daughter of the proteflor Oliver 2^2 No. XXX. Some particulars of the honorable Robert Rich 9 efq. (grandfon of the earl of Warwick) the frji of the lady Frances, yonngeft daughter of the Oliver . 37!^ No. XXXI. The hijt&ry of the baronet family of Rujfds, of Chippenham, who were allied to the proleflorate hQufe vj Cromwdl by frequent inter-marriages 381 No. XXXII. The life of general John Reynolds, allied to the Cromwells by marriage 403 No. XXXI II. The hijlory of Henry, earl of Thomond, al- . lied to the protectorate hoiife of Cromwdl, by the marriage of Sarah, daughter of fir Francis RuJJeil, ban. and midvy of general Reynolds 412 No. XXXIV. The hijlory of the baronet family of Frank- [find. (VST fine? they have been allied to that of the CTOTTI- *i CONTENTS. wells, by Jlr Thomas Frankland^s marrying Elizabeth, daughter ofjir John Ri/ffell, bart. and Frances, youngeji daughter of the proteclor Oliver 416 No. XXXV. The hi/lory of Richard Major, efq. faihei-in- laia to the proteclor Richard. 427 No. XXXVI. Of the defendants of Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Cromwell, the lord-lieutenant of Ireland 436 No. XXXVII. The hi/lory of me/rs. Benjamin and Wil- liam Hewling, brothers of Hannah, wife of major Richard Cromwell, and others her relations 443 A CATALOGUE offuch perfons as the Cromwslls raifed to honors and great employments. Secretary ofjlate 459 Privy-counfellors to his highnefs Oliver lord proteclor 461 The members of the protector Oliver's other hovfe, or houfe of lords 465 Speakers of Oliver's houfe of commons 521 The law line Lords commijjioners of the great feal 523 Lord prejident of the high court ofjujlice 525 Judges of the upper bench ~ ibid Judges of the common bench 526 Barons of the Exchequer . 528 The protestor 1 s fergeants 530 Attorney, general ibid Solicitor 533 Sergeants-at-law called by this proteftor ibid Titles conferred by Oliver 534 Great officers under the prote&or Richard, with fuck per* fons as he raifed to honors 541 Speakers of the protestor Richard's hovfe of commons 542 Gentlemen knighted by the protector Richard , 543 Knights created by Henry Cromwell, frjl lord-deputy, and afterwards lord-lieutenant of Ireland 544 ERRATA. ERRATA. Page 4, line 17, for Corn-well, read Cromivell. p. 6, 1. 3, Sorprimier, r. premier. p. 28, 1. 14, for gentle matt, r. gentlemen. p. 33, 1. 16, for Byron, r. Byrom. p. 52, 1. 2, for Kings-college chapel, r. King's-college. p. 79, J. 21, for Tbaxed, r. Tbaxted. p. 85, 1. I, tor Syney, r. Sydney. p. 116, L 17, for obfervation, r. obfervations. p. 142, 1. 23, hrjwore, r. f"worn> p. 150, 1. 17, for cementry, r. cemetry. p. 155, 1. 9, tor /wore, r. /r/i. p. 170, 1.14, for Hard-wick, Grange, r. flard-wick-Graiige. p. 180, 1. 18, for king's, r. king. p. 184. 1. 5, fafup. r.fuffofe. p. 236, 1. 5, for foliated, t.feated. p. 253, 1. 6, for Elizbeth, r. Elizabeth. p. 255, 1. 22, for con- tempo, r. contemporary. p. 257, 1. 9 and 10, for bit bis lordjbip, r. bit Ijrdjhip. p. 281 and 282, in the laft line of the former and firft of the latter, for bis widow bad, r. and his -widow hailing. p. 291, 1. I and 2, for bis difcovery, r. is his difcovery. p. 299, 1. 9. for to delicacies, r. to the delica- cies. p. 327. 1. II, for attacking, r. attaching. p. 377, 1. 5, forth, r.Jb. feme page, 1. 7, fame error. p. 361, 1. 12, for manner of, r. manner of bit introducing. p. 364, 1. 10, iorforbotb, r.for both. p. 410, 1. 22 and 23, for at at either, r. at either. p. 418, 1. 15, for 1723, r. 1713 p. 425, L 24, for Morton, r. Merton, p. 468, 1. 20, for Hevjel, r. Heivet, p. 470, ]. 15, for Oliver, r. and Oliver. p. 482, 1. 21, for and buried, r. and tuat Juried. p. 495, 1. Si, for joining the reparation, r. joining in the rejtora- tion. fame page, 1. 30 and 3 I, for created a baronet by king Charles I. and confirmed by Oliver the proteElor, r. created a baronet by Oliver the pro* Itcjor, Mid again by king Charles II. ADDENDA. Additions to the Trevor family. DIANA, the only daughter of John, third lord Trevor, died an idiot about four years ago. Ann, eldeft daughter of Thomas, fecond lord Trevor, died unmarried. Letitia, the fecond, has defcended from her Matthew Cock, efq. and mrs. Crifpin. Eli- zabeth, the, youngeft, never married. Vide p. 147 and 148. Communicated in a letter by the right honorable lord vifcount Hampden. To the Bromley fa-r xnily. I have repeated here fome things that are men- tioned in the firft volume. Frankley was not burnt by lieutenant-general Cromwell, but by prince Ru- pert, \\hen he could no longer keep it. 2 T* viii ADDENDA. To the CleypoUs. Adam Cleypole, grandfather of the mafler of ihe horfc, and fon-in-law to Oliver, lord proteclor, was feated'at Latham, in the county of Lincoln. He mar- ried Dorothy, daughter of Robert Wingfield, of Up- ton, in the county of Rutland, by Elizabeth, daughter of Richard Cecil, and fifter to William lord Burleigh. This is a proof of the goodnefs of the Cleypole family, and accounts for the matter of the horfe's having a brother of the name of Wingfield, and alfo of the little knowledge they have refpeding the family at Narborough, whither I fent a purpofe meifenger, but could obtain no other information than mrs. Elizabeth Cleypole, the mother of the great Cleypole, died in 1663, and that it is faid in the regifter, that Elizabeth, tke'Teiiti of Oliver Cromwell, .Jomttime proteftor of Eng- land, was buried (there) november 19, 1665? but this was only a political death. It proves, however, that the protector's widow retired to Narborough after the reftoration ; but fearing fome misfortunes, thought it pruderit to be fuppofed dead *. * The author is obliged to the rev. James Clarke, of Peterborough, for the information refpe&ing the burial of mrs. Cleypole, and the political death of the proteftor's widow. The other additions to this family are taken from the folio hiftgry of Rutlandfliire. GENEALOGICAL GENEALOGICAL AN f> HISTORICAL MEMOIRS OF THE FAMILIES ALLIED TO, O R DESCENDED FROM THE CROMWELLS. No. I. Hiftory of the earls of E/ex, and the lord Crom- wells, earls of Arglafi*, E W families rofe to a more exalted NT/M. i. height than that of the Cromwells, and cromweiis. none from a lefs beginning;. Thomas, its Thomas, eailofEf- founder, was the fon of Walter Cromwell, firft (<*> ad vi- car general a blackfmith, then a brewer, at Putney ; who * The name of Crumwell, or Cromwell, is taken from that of a village, but in what part of the kingdom is impoflible to fay, there being feveralfo called ; the ancient lord Crom- wells had theirs, probably, from one in the county of Not* tingham. Vol. II. B dying 2 MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. i. dying, left this fon, and a daughter, who mar- Cromweiis. i"ied mr. Morgan Williams, a welch gentleman, r M n'd f great great-grandfather of Oliver lord protedlor ; Tkar-gen. fa w i t ] ow o f this Walter Cromwell married, after his death, again to a Shearman, in London. He had his education at a private fchool, where he learnt reading, writing, and a little latin ; when he grew up he difcovered great abilities, with as great unfteadinefs, ever changing his fitu- ation ; but we know not how he employed him- felf at this time ; but, like all.thofe who pum their fortunes, he underwent variety of viciflitudes, fome- times much reduced, at others, probably, as much elevated. Not content with fo fmall a fpace as his na- tive country, he obtained his defire of travelling into various kingdoms, but how he was enabled to do this, is not now to be difcovered ; his in- duftry and reftlefihefs whilft there, led him into many ftrange fcenes, all which he improved to gain a knowledge of men and manners ; nor did he omit attaining the languages of each country he vifited -, his knowledge and prudence, joined with his great good fenfe and ready wit, made 1 him ia Vlcal - en - EARL" OF ESSEX, 3 him looked upon as a fit perfon to be employed NUM. i. in any the mod arduous concerns ; the englifii ^^T factory at Antwerp, then a very refpe&able com- " ' of munity, retained him as their clerk or iecretary ; but this did not fuit his love of novelty j he re- figned it in 1510, to go to Rome, at the per- fuafion of two perfons, who were going from England to folicit his holinefs to renew the char- ter of privileges and indulgencies to a religious houfe in Boflon, in Lincolnfhire, and finding themfelves incapable of the embafly, foliated him ; he went with them, and by pleafing the palate of pope Julius II.* by making him fome jellies after the engliih manner, obtained his fuit. He ftaid fome time after this in Italy, and engaged in many adventures j he ferved under, and was with the duke of Bourbon, when he facked and took the city of Rome f> he was in- * Pope Julius II. was elefted pontiff in 1503, and died in 1513. f Rome was taken by florm in 1527, and Clement VII . made a prifoner. B 2 voiced 4 MEMO IkS OF THE NUM. i. volved in great diftrefs upon the defeat of that cromweiis. army which had pillaged the holy city , but a jflj^j*' generous italian, of the name of Frifcobaldo*, vit-gtn. j ent jjj m a conquerable f um \ n gold, with horia and armour, fo that he was able afterwards to per- form great fervice to his prince, in contributing to the efcape of John Ruffel, efq. (afterwards earl of Bedford, and anceftor to the prefent duke of Bedford) who was near being fent to France, a prifoner from Bologne, becaufe employed in fome fecret fervice by king Henry VIII. againft the fee of Rome. Whilft in Italy, Cromwell learnt Erafmus's tranflation of the new teftament by rote. Upon his return to England, he was takeivinto the fer- * Comwell's behaviour to Frifcobaldo was to the great- eft degree noble ; fome years after his return to England, when in all his grandeur, he faw this humane italian, ^n a mean drefs, as he went in proceflion through London ftreets, immediately upon recollecting him, he left the pro- ceilion, and difcovered hinafelf to his benefactor, and find- ing that he had fell into great misfortunes, he fo amply returned the former obligation with intereft, that Frifco- baldo left England with a renewal of his fortune : this was caly one of the many of his requitals for former benefits. * vice EARLOFESSEX. 5 vice of cardinal Wolfey, and was one of the very NUM . j. Tew that flood by his mafter in his fad reverfe of ^~^~^' * Uromwel s. fortune-, his fidelity met its reward ; Henry VIII. o.eariof F.flTex, and was pleafed with it, and on that account took him vicar.gen. into his fervice. Like his late patron, his rife in power was rapid ; the king, who affected to defpife the ancient nobility (perhaps from a dread of their power) was always railing up from the commons a favorite that he placed above them : this gen- tleman was one of thefe his favorites favorites of a tyrant, who knew no bounds to his love or hatred -, it would fill very many pages to mention the places he beftowed upon him. In 1531, he was knighted, made a privy coun- fellor, and mafter of the jewel-houfe ; in the year following, clerk of the hanaper, and chancellor of the exchequer ; in 1534, principal fecretary of ftate, and maftef of the rolls -, and upon his ma- jefty's declaring himfelf head of the church, he conferred upon Cromwel) the new title of vicar- general of all fpirituals and viceroy ; in I537> chief juftice itinerant of all forefts beyond the B 3 Trent, 6 MEMOIRSOFTHE NUM. i. Trent, and knight of the garter ; in 1538, con- cromweiis. ftable of Carifbiooke caflle; and in 1539 (upon Efrex e "d f t ^ ie death f Henry Bourchier, the primier earl in Kkar-gen. ^g]^^ by a diflocation of his neck, from a fall from an unruly horfe) earl of FfTex, and foon after lord high chamberlain of England : a title ever before held by the earls of Oxford : his for- tune, too, bore pace with his titles ; Henry gave him a grant of the caftle and lordfhip of Oake- ham, with many others, to a prodigious amount. From this dangerous height he fell to rife no more j being arrefted at the council-table, July 9, 1540, and condemned, unheard by the parlement, an horrid pradice he himfelf had begun ; and though he writ a moft pathetic letter to the king, it only moved him for a moment, fo that he was beheaded on Tower-Hill the twenty-eighth fol- lowing , at the fcaffold he was perplexed in his fpeech, and endeavoured to give as little offence as poflible, on his fon's account : from what he faid there on the fubjecl: of religion, both roma- nifts and proteftants have fuppofed he died in their faith : bifhop Burnet has amply vindicated his character againft the former in. his hiilory of the EARLOFESSEX. 7 the reformation ; his moderation, integrity, and NUM. i. very extenfive abilities, deferved a better fate ; a c^l^dh. fate incurred only by obtaining a princefs for his Tho.eario fovereign, who was every way undeferving of vicar-gen, her*, and fpiritingly refenting an affront f put upon him by the duke of Norfolk, who re- proached him with the meannefs of his birth. The earl's marriage has been fufficiently noticed already. * Bifliop Burnet is fingular in fuppofing the marriage not one of the great reafons why poor Cromwell loft his head. f King Henry VIII. when he put forth the bloody fix articles, was fearful it mould too much diftrefs archbifhop Cranmore, and amongft other means to convince him that he did, and ever fhould highly value that moft upright man, fent the dukes of Norfolk and Suffolk, with Cromwell, to dine with him, and to acquaint him of his intire regard for him ; in the courfe of converfation, Cromwell drew a parallel between the cardinal and the archbiftiop, how much the one leflened his friends by his haughtinefs, whilft the other procured the favor of even his enemies, by his con- defcenfion and gentlenefs ; the duke of Norfolk faid he ' mud be a good judge, as he was his man ;' which nettled Cromwell, who anfwered, 'he would not have been the ' cardinal's admiral, had he become pope ;' Norfolk re- plied, with a great oath, he Jied ; with much more bad language. Cranmore, in vain, attempted a pacification. B 4 Gregory, 8 MEMOIRSOFTHE NUM. i. Gregory, only child of Thomas, earl of Eflex, Cromweiis. was created baron Cromwell, of Okeham, in the d 8 cm- count y f Rutland, december 1 8, 1 540, about five months after his father's death , and nor, as feveral of our writers fay, at the time the latter was created earl of Effex* : he was a fervant in the court of king Henry VIII. and created by him, in 1546, knight of the bath, but diftin- guifhed by no place. He married Elizabeth, daughter of fir John Seymour, of WolfehaJl, in .the county of Wilts, knight, and fitter to the duke of Somerfet ; her ladyfhip was aunt to king Edward VI. and widow of fir Anthony Oughtred, knight ; his lord&ip died in 1551, 5th of king Edward VI. which fovereign granted the manor of Laddington, in the county of Rut- land, to him and lady Cromwell, during their lives, and the royal pleafure. Lord Gregory left, Hry, lord i. Henry, who fucceeded to the title, Cromwell. Edward. 2. Edward. * Milles, Brooke, York, Vincent, &c. fay, that lord Gregory was created a baron when his father was an earl, but they are miftaken, for the deed of creation is in Rymer's Feed. 3, Thomas. LORD CROM WELLS. 9 3. Thomas. KUM.I. Cromwelis, 4. Frances, who was married to Edward Thomas. Stroud, in the county of Devon, efq. <*am*}t< Edward Stroud, eftj. K. Catharine, who became the wife of John Cath - n ? a f y ncd to John Stroud, in the county of , efq. Slroud -' Henry lord Cromwell, eldeft fon, heir of lord enr ? ^ t Cromwell. Gregory , probably he was a minor at his father's death, for he was not fummoned to parlement till the 5th of queen Elizabeth. He died in 1 593 , and was buried at Launde, in Leicefterfhire. By Mary, daughter of John Paulet, marquis of Win- chefler, he left four children : i. Edward, who upon his father's death be- EJW. i or a ' domwell. came loro Cromwell. 2. Sir Gregory Cromwell, knight; married sir Gregory Frances, daughter of fir Edward Griffin, of Din- kut - gle^ created a knight of the bath at king James I.'s coronation ; upon whofe marriage Langhorn was feparated from Oakeham, and fettled upon them ; but they obtained queen Elizabeth's leave to alienate the manor to fir Andrew Noel, knt. 3. Catherine, io MEMOIRSOFTHE UUM. i. 3. Catherine, married to fir Lionel Talmafh, Cath. mar- ried to fir L.Taimaih, ^ Elizabeth, who was married to fir John Eiiz.mar- Shelton, knight. lied to fir John Shel- lon, kiit. E4*. lord' Edward lord Cromwell ; he was the friend of Robert, earl of Efiex, the laft favorite of queen Elizabeth, with whom he went in the fea-expe- dition againft Spain, in 1597; in 1599 he re- ceived the honor of knighthood in Ireland, from the hands of that nobleman ; and from his par- tiality to him, was near being involved in his ruin : this lord Cromwell was an extravagant perfon ; he fold the whole of his patrimony, and even that of his barony of Okeham, in the county of Rutland, and exchanged all the little he had left with the earl of Devonfhire, for Lacale, in Ireland. He married, firft, Frances, daughter of "William Pegge*, of the county of Norfolk, efq. and after that lady's death, Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Robert Meverel, of Throwley, efq. * The extinft peerage calls the lady of lord Edward Cromwell the daughter of William Rugg, ef^. who LORD CROM WELLS. n who furviving his lorcVhip , re-married to Richard KUM. i. "Wingfield, marefchal of Ireland, and created lord ^Xd vifcount Powifcourt, by whom he had no ifiue, S. 01 and the title in him became extinct, but was af- terwards revived -, this lord Cromwell was buried at Downe, in Ireland : he had alfo four children : i. Thomas, who was the fuccefibr to the title - 1or ?, Cromwell* of baron Cromwell. 2. Elizabeth, who was the wife of fir John E!iz.ar. ned to fir Shelton, knight. John D ton 3. Frances, married to fir John Wingfield, of Ticken-Court, in the county of Rutland, knight. ton, knt. knt. 4. Ann, the wife of fir Edward Wingfield, Ann, mar. ried to fir knight, eldefl fon and heir of lord vifcount Powif- Edward Wingfield, court, in Ireland, and anceftor of the prefent no- knt. bleman of that title. Thomas, lord Cromwell, was firft fummoned to Tho. carl of parlement, 18 James I. he was a ftreriuous advo- cate for king Charles I. and was one of the lords who accompanied that monarch to Oxford, and became 12 MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. i. became a part of what that king called his mon- 8 re ^ parlement ; for his good fervices he was created vifcount Lacale, and earl of Arglafs, in Ireland* j but feeing the ruin of his royal mailer inevitable, he made his peace with the parlemt'iit, after paying 460!. for his delinquency. He died in 1653, and was buried at Tikencourt : his countefs was Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Maverell, of Throwley, in Staffordfhire, efq. by whom he had fix children : i- WingBeld, who fucceeded his father in his titles. * Vcrc-Effex, who upon the death of his nc- phew, earl Thomas, fucceeded to his honors. oiivr. 3 . Oliver. Frances and .-. jaue. 4- Frances, 7 . >- died infants. 5. Jane, 3 Mary,nur- 5. Mary, who was married to William Fitz- riedtoVVil- herbert, of Tiffington, in the county of Derby, efq. * Thomas lord Cromwell was vifcount Lecale fo early as 1641, and had then the command of 3 rcgirr.rnt of hovle in Ireland. Sir Joha Temple's hiftoiy of the irifh rebellion. Wingfield, EARLS OF ARC LASS. Wingfteld, lord Cromwell, vifcount Lecale, and earl or' Arglafs, was an advocate for the royal caule, for which he was brought a priforier to Chefter, in april, 1649 : he married, Mary, daugh- ter of fir John Ruflel, of Strencham, in Wor- Arlafs * cefterfhire, knight: he died October 3, 1668, leaving two children : 1. Thomas, who fucceeded him , and, 2. Mary. Thomas, lord Cromwell, &c. married . Tham earl of fecond daughter of Thomas-Michael Boyle, arch- Argufi. bifhop of Dublin, and lord chancellor of Ireland, by whom lie had no iffue, upon which his titles devolved to his uncle. Vere - EfTex, who accordingly became lord carl of Cromwell, vifcount Lecale, and earl of Arglais ; but he leaving no fon, by his countefs, Catherine Hamilton, his moft ancient title defcended to his only daughter and child, Elizabeth, borndecember 3, 1674, who in her EI;Z.V;C- countcfs wn right, as baronefs Cromwell, walked in the Ar g if s , & baronefs , Cromwell. 14 M E M O I R S O F T H E NUM. i. proccffion at queea Mary's funeral : fhe married, Eli^t^f October 29, 1704, the honorable Edward South- a1 ^ efy whofe anceftors were long fettled in Ire- land, but more lately' in Glouceftei fhire ; he was clerk of the council, and principal fecretary of ftate in Ireland -, lady Cromwell died in child- bed, march 31, 1709, and was buried in the church of Elminton, in the county of Glouceiler : me was a truly amiable perfon. Mr. Southall re-married, Ann, daughter of William Blathwayt, efq, She died July i, 1717, aged twenty -feven, having been a wife but little more than one year. The iffueof baronefs Cromwell was three fons and a daughter-, i. Edward, 2. Robert, 3. Thomas, and 4. Elizabeth j the three laft died in their in- fancy. Ed ward, the eldefl fon, was born June i, 1705, dq. fon and and was one of the members of parlement for heir to Eliz. baronefs Briftol, in i;39, and the two following parle- Ciorawell. ments, and died march j6, 1755, having ob- tained the love of all by the rectitude of his con- duct, both in his public and private character : by Catherine, daughter of Edward lord Sondes, fon of Lewis, earl of Rcckingham, whom he married SOUTHALLS. 15 married auguft 21, 1729 ; he left a fon, named NUM. i. Edward, born June 6, 1738, and Catherine, born Edward december 10, 1739, wno ^^ marcn *7 I74-8- efq.Conand heirtoEiiz. baronefs ..... , Cromwell. 1 have been the more particular in giving what relation I could collect of thefe lord Cromwells, becaufe they were allied to, and left they mould be miftaken for any of the protectorate houfe of Cromwell ; their refiding chiefly in Ireland, is the reafon why their hiftory is fo little known in England*. * For a more particular account of Thomas, earl of EfTex, fee Fox's book of martyrs, Stow's chronicle, Drai- toa's poems, Burnet's hiflory of the reformation, Biogra- phia Britannica, &c. The pedigree of the lord Cromwells is taken from Dugdale's fummonfes and his baronage, Cam- den's life of queen Elizabeth, Spelman' s hiftory of facri- ledge, Le Neves monumenta anglicana, Scudder s hiflory of Glouceflerfhire, extinft peerage, hiftory of Rutland, &c. &c. A Thomas Cromwell, e-j. a defcendant of the earl of Eflex, wrote fome notes for an hiftory of his great anceflor, as appears by the Biographia Britannica. No. MEMOIRS OF THE No. II. THE FAMILY OF ST. JOHN, IN- CLUDING OTHERS. he life of Oliver St. John, lord chief juftice of the common pleas, a coufin by marriage to Oliver lord protefilor. NUM. n. y^v LIVER St. John was the fon of a knight V-/ of both his names, feated at Cagfhoe, in the county of Bedford, member of parlement for the county of Bedford, in the izth and 2ift of James I. and the two held in the firft year of tor Oliver. king Charles I.* he was defcended from Wil- liam * Wood, in his fafti, fays, Oliver St. John was the fon of fir John St. John, of LyJisud Trcgofe, in Wiltshire, knight : lord Clarendon, that he wai the natural fon of th earl of Bedford, but both thcfe relations are falfe, for the baronetage itates it as I have, and this is confirmed by a pedigree in the poffeffion of colonel Neale, of AlieQey, in Warwickshire, which feems to be authentic, but it varies from the baronetage with refpecl to the mother of Oliver St. John ; the baronetage fays, (he was Sarah, daughter of Edward Buckjey, of Odell, iu Bedfordfhire, efq. but the pedigree SAINT JOHNS. *7 liam St. John, who accompanied king William I. KUM.II. into England ; and allied to many families of s t . Johns. Oliver St. St. John, who were raifed to the peerage. John, lord chiefjuftice* He received his education in Trinity college* Oxford, where he received his batchelor of arts degree, July 8j 1630 ; from Oxford he went to Lincoln's Inn, where he made great proficiency in the law, and foon became eminent as a pleader, and as he was attached to liberty, he foon raifed himfelf to confequence j the court heightened his averfion, and made him ftill more popular, by imprifoning him upon fome groundlefs jea- loufies*, but after fuffering an examination in the flar- pedigree, that {he was Judith, eldeft of three daughters of . Neale, of Wolafton, in the county of Northampton, cfq. and that her two fillers were Mary, married to r- Franklin, of Bolnhurft, in Bedfordfhire, cfq. and Alice* married to' Fitz Jefferies, of Creakers, in the famo county, efq. * Mr. St. John, with the earls of Bedford and Clare, and fir Robert Cotton, we're taken into cuftody, as being the fuppofed difperfers of a libel, intitled, ' a propofition. * for his majefty's fcrvice, to bridle the impertinency o 'parliaments,' which was found to have been the produc- tion of the much-injured fir Robert Dudley, fon of thi Vol. II, C car l iS MEM O IRS OF THE NUM. n. ftar-chamber, he was honorably releafed from St. Johns, his confinement. Oliver Sr. John, lord hicfjuft:ce. J? ver a ft er this, he was an open oppofer of all the king's arbitrary proceedings ; he pleaded mr. Hampden's caufe refpeding (hip-money ; he was alfo one. of the council againfl the earl of Straftbrd ; for taking the militia from the crown, and for abolifhing epifcopacy ; the king vainly endeavouring to footh him by appointing him Iblicitor -general. He reprefented the county of Bedford in the third parlement called by king Charles I. and Tot- nefs in the fifteenth and fixteenth of the fame reign; he took the proteftation in 1642, and the covenant in 1 643 ; was nominated one of the affembly of divines, one of the cornmiffioners of the parlement great- feal, and was alfo appointed their attorney-general, and a commhTioner to treat with the king. earl of Leicefter, the favorite of queen Elizabeth, then in the court of the grand duke of Tufcany, where he was known by the title of duke of Northumberland. Upon SAINT JOHNS. i 9 Upon the death of lord Banks, he was conftt- NUM. H. tuted lord-chief-juftice of the common-pleasj and stTj^T though averfe to the violent death of his fove- JJJJji reign, he was one of thofe who accepted their chief '' jlhce - places under the commonwealth, and which he held through all the revolutions till the refto- ration. He was ele&ed one of the council of flate in the year 1649, as he was alfo in the years 1650* and 1659, anc ^ was alfo one of the council of ftate in 1660 ; he was fixed upon with mr. Walter Strickland (afterwards one of Oliver the protec- tor's lords) to go to Holland, as ambaflador from the commonwealth to the ftates j and to pre- vent their experiencing the fate of Doriflaus, the former ambaflador (who fome loyalifts had aflTafll- nated) they were allowed io,oool. to defray their expences, and forty attendants to protect their perfons, but this did not prevent his receiving perfonal affronts ; particularly from prince Ed- ward, fon to the queen of Bohemia, who meeting St. John by accident, at a turn-flile, at Verhout^ where the prince, with his fifter Henrietta upon his arm, had walked out for the air 5 he expected Ca St. M E M O I R S O F T H E St. John, who eame at that inftant, to wait till he and his fitter had paffed, but St. John re- garded his quality as ambaflador, and to put a fl}ght U p 0n a p fince of t h e blood, endeavoured to force his way firft, upon which the prince pulled off his hat, calling him many opprobrious names, as dog and traitor, and faying, * learn, * traitor, to refpect the relation of the king thy 4 lord.' St. John, with as little refpecl, replied, ' I regard neither thee, nor the perfon thou fpeak- * eft of, but as a race fugitive :' and it was with difficulty that they were prevented fighting. The populace in Holland were enraged at St. John, and afiembled before the houfe where he and Strickland lodged, with a resolution to ftorm it ; nor was it fate for them, or any of their at- tendants to go out, and feveral advices wer& given them of defigns againft their perfons. Their high mightineffes, upon application of the ambaffadors, and fear of enraging the new commonwealth, were obliged, to fave appear- ances, after the moft tedious delay, to fummonr the prince to the Hague, but he refufed compli- i ' ance, SAINT JO HNS. . zi ance, faying, he was a prince or' the empire, and NUM-II, therefore not fubjet to their jurifuiction \ and st.johos. retired from their dominions. Joffiwi chiefjuJtice. To fatisfy them, however, a file of foldiers were given them, as a guard, and the dates fent a meflage to the prince fs of Orange, forbidding either her, the duke of York, or the queen of Bohemia, giving them any further diflurbance ; and they alfo published a proclamation, prohibit- ing all injuries or violence to them : but this had not the defired effect, and rr/. St. John returned home, difgufted at the dutch, who did not liiten to the terms he offered, for which they were brought to repentance ; but he was happy to be recalled from an employment attended with ib little pleafure, and fo much danger. In 1651, he was appointed one of the feven commifiloners of union of Scotland with Eng- land j and the fame year he was cholen chan- cellor of the univerfity of Cambridge, upon the earl of Manchefter's being fuperleded, for not taking the engagement, but which he loft to that iiobleman again at the reftoration : he was ap- C 3 pointed 22 M E M O I R S O F T H E SUM. n. pointed one of the vifitprs of that iiniverfity in 1654. He was a thorough republican, and though allied to the protector Oliver, it was with diffi- culty he was kept from giving fuch open unir brage, as not to be permitted to hold any place of truft under his government; though the latter feduloufly endeavoured to keep him his friend : he was leis the enemy of the protector Richard, probably becaufe he thought the republican form had lefs. to fear from him. Though fo greatly attached to his darling com- monwealth, yet he chofe to retain his places under (every form of government j the reafon of this was, his avarice, which got the better of his poli- tical fentiments ; they in power knew his love for wealth, and gratified him accordingly ; he had the granting of all pardons to the delinquent Ipyalifts, which amounted to the enormous fum pf 40,000!. nor did he fcruple accepting bribes for places under the protectorate of Oliver ; and when the republicans had again got hold of the Jielm, and the patriotic part of them wifhed to make SAINT JOHNS. 33 make fuch as had enriched themfelves at the NUM. n. expence of the public, refund their ill-gotten s t . Johns, money, he obtained an exprefs claufe to indem- j^'iaia nify himfelf for fuch offices as he had difpofed of during Oliver's adminiftration: Ludlow, by oppofmg it, made him his enemy ever after. Indeed his whole mind feemed occupied in acquiring wealth ; when the parlement wifhed to fet afide all the long expenfive procefies of the law, he, with Whitlock, promifed the lead- ing members in the houfe, that the lawyers fhould, jointly with the clergy (to excufe the abolition of tythes) pay ioo,oool. as a compo- fition, which effectually flopped all further pro- ceedings in the matter. At length the refloration of monarchy took place, and he found that they would not ac- cept his compliance with their government ; and, probably, he faved his life, or at leaft perpetual imprifonment, by the expanfion of the firings of that purfe which he had taken fuch pains to fill and keep clofed. King Charles II. was difappointed and hurt by his C 4 efcape ; -4 MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. n. e'fcape : when it was told him, he faid, he sr. Johns, wifhed he had been excepted without any fti- johMord pulation -, probably he remembered the infult to the royal family when Oliver was in Hol- land, and his propofmg in the council of ftate, in 1660, not to recal hip majefty without fub- fcribing to fome terms, was not forgotten. His large fortune might likewife be a temptation not eafily overcome by fo expenfive and pro- fligate a monarch*. The terms upon which his life was given him were very degrading, as he was never to accept of any civil, ecclefiaftical, or military office, on pain of being deemed entirely ex- cepted out of the aft. For various reafons, yet under pretence of health, he retired to the continent; he was * St. John owed his life, in a great raeafure, to fecretary Thurloe, who generoufly affured fir Harbottle Grimfton, fpeaker of the houfe of commons, that ' he was neither in- ' ftrumental in the king's death, nor in Oliver or Richard's * exaltation ; and was fo far from being even a confident to * Oliver, that fome who loved and valued him, had fome- * thing to do to preferve him under that government ; no;- t (fad h.e> he thinks, ever wifli the reftoration of Richard.' firft S AINT J OH N S. 25 firft at Utrecht, from thence he went to NUM. IT. France, where he made fome ftay under the af- s c . Johns. fumed name of Montague, and he was at Augf- j^*^ burg in 1669; foon after which, it is probable, c ' he came into his native country, as he refided fome time in England before his death (chiefly at his feat of Long-Thorp, in Northampton- fhire, which he had purchafed) and regained fome little of the royal favor : he died dec. 31, 167 3, aged about feventy-five years: dr.Echard wifhed much to have known his laft fentiments. From his proud, retired, and morofe difpo^ fition, he was called the dark-lanthorn-man ; he is deferving of the greateft praife, however, for projecting the act of navigation, the bul- wark of the future grandeur of Britain ; in- deed, his abilities have never been queflioned. He had three wives ; his firft was the daughter and fole heir of fir James Altham, of Latton, in Effex, knt. maternally defcended from the Cromwells, by whom he had four children : i. Francis St. John, of Longthorpe, efq. Francis sr. John, ei defcended from Anna, youngeft daughter and coheir efs of Henry Cromwell, efa. of Upwood, uncle to Oli- ver, lordproteftor. OHN Neale, of Dean, in the county of Bed- ford, efq. married Anna, the youngeft daugh- efq.firftcoul ter and co-heirefs of Henry Cromwell, of Up- tiagetooi;. wood, in the county of Huntingdon, efq. third Joidprotedt. fon of fir Henry Cromwell, knight. This lady was firft coufin to Oliver Cromwell, afterwards lord prote&or, and who was one of the truftees mentioned m the marriage fetdement, part of which is ftill remaining, in the pofleflion of the prefent reprefentative of the family. The Neales were originally of Staffordfhire, from whence they emigrated into the county of Buckingham, and from thence into Bed ford mi re, and feated themfelves at Dean. The gentleman who married mifs Cromwell was a parlementa- rian, and it was fcarce poflible to be otherwife with N E A L E S. 37 with one who was the brother-in-law to Oliver NUM. in. St. John, the lord-chief-juftice* and the near re- ^^^ lation of the celebrated Oliver Cromwell and Jhn Neale, efq. John Hampden, the patriot. Mr. Neale was appointed one of the committee to put in force the parlement ordinances in Bedfordfhire, and and was one of the reprefentatives for that county in 1654. There is no doubt, but that he was much refpected by the protector Oliver, for co- lonel Neale has a good portrait of that great man, taken late in life, and which we may be pretty certain was a prefent from his highnefs himfelf to the Neales*. By mifs Cromwell he had two fons and three daughters. i. John Neale, of Dean, in the county of efq Bucks, efq. who married Hefter, the daughter of John Stephens, of Lippiat, in the county of * The portrait of Oliver the prote&or, in the pofTeffion of colonel Neale, is a very fine piece of painting : in the late mr. Neale's time it was greatly negle&ed, owing to the hatred he had to the character of his famous relation. The piclure gives Oliver in armour; the wiflcers and hair below the under lips very grey; it is a great likenefs of Crom- well s heft portraits, and is, no doubt, an original ; but by whom, is uncertain, perhaps fir Peter Lilly. D 3 Gloucefter 3 ft M E M O I R S O F ' T H E NUM. TTT. Gloucefter (a family very many times before al- j^~^~' lied by intermarriages to the Neales) by her he johnNeaie, j^d Thomas, who died young ; Ann, married to Thomas Stephens, of Lippiat , and Hefter, married to Kynard de la Bere, of Southam, in Gloucefterfliire, efq. of a venerable family, who came into England with William I.* As there was no ifiue of this marriage, mr. De la Bere left the manor of Southam to William Eaghot, of Befbury, efq. (fon of his fifter Ann) who in con- formity to the will of his uncle, took the name of De la Bere j and by Hefter, daughter of Tho- mas Stephens, of Lippiat, efq. left Thomas Bag- )iot de la Bere, the prefent poflefibr of Southam, Henry 2. Henry, who continued the name j of whom *" le ' ef<1 ' hereafter. * The De la Beres bear for their arms, azure, a bend, argent cotoifed, or, between fix martlets of the laft, and in confideration of fir Richard, one of this family's refcuing Edward the black prince, at the battle of Creffy, king Ed- Tvard III. gave them for a creft, five oftrich feathers, iffuing out of a ducal coronet. Their feat at Southam is a mag- nificent pile, built in the reign of king Henry IV. and Several of the apartments are laid with the painted bricks (fiat once belonged to Hales- Abbey. 3. Ann, N E A L E S. 39 3. Ann, was married to Thomas Stephens, of NUM. in. Little-Sadbury, in the county of Gloucefter, efq. ^HeC" by whom (he had a fon, named Edward. *lo"h Stephens, efq. 4. Bridget. Bridget. 5. Elizabeth : it is prefumed that Ihe and her Elizabeth, fitter Bridget did not marry. Henry Neale, the fecond fon of John Neale, Henry Neale, efij. by mifs Cromwell, was fheriff of the county of Bucks, 1696 : he afterwards fettled in Warwick- Ihire, at a pleafant village called Allcfley, two miles from the city of Coventry, where he had a noble feat, and a very confiderable eftate ; the manor and patronage of the church being his *. He married Anna-Maria, fole daughter and heirefs of John Hanbury, of Feckenham, in the county of Worcefter, efq. with whom he lived more than forty years, and furvived her only two months and twenty-five days. She died february 1 1, 1729 30, aged fixty years ; and he, may 6, 1730, * Henry Neale, efq. purchafcd the manor of Allefley from the widow of Thomas Flint, ferjeant at law. D 4 4 e MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. in. aged 79. There is an elegant marble monument, jJ^T"" recording their many virtues, in the chancel of Henry ^ Allefley church *, by which it appears, that they left fix fons and a daughter. John Neale, i. John Neale, of Allefley, and of Cherring- ton, in Gloucefterfhire, efq. He was returned a member for the county of Warwick, in the eighth year of king George I. and again the firft of George II. was member for Coventry in 1734, 1736, and 1739: as there was a ftrong conteft in fome of thefe elections, though he was fuccefs- ful, yet it much injured his fortune ; and he was obliged to part with the advowfon of the church. The court gave him the place of comptroller of the houlhold to the young princeffes : he died december 19, 1746. By Frances, daughter of Roger Pope, of Ofweftry, efq. which Frances was drefier to queen Caroline, he had iflue, two daugh- An,mat- ters ; I. Anne, who married in april, 1742, to fir tied to fit ls. Stone- JlOUfc b3lT. * Upwood, the feat of Henry Cromwell, efq. uncle to the proteaor Oliver, and father of the mifs Cromwell, who married to mr. Neale, is, by a miftake upon the monu- ment, faid to be in the county of Eflex, but it is in Him- tingdonfhire, as is elfewhere mentioned. James N E A L E S. 41 James Stonehoufe, bart. and M. D. who refided NUM. in. both at Coventry and Northampton, and was the j^T" friend of the gloomy mr. Harvey, who mentions him in his meditations, and has there given his monument j and 2. Frances, married to fir John Frances, married to Turner, of Warham, in the county of Norfolk, fir John Turner, bt. bart. fo created april 27, 1727 : he was returned a member of parlcment for King's-Lynn, and was conftituted a commiffioner for executing the office of treafurer of the exchequer. Lady Fran- ces died, I think, december 25, 1761 ; the title of baronet is now enjoyed by fir John, a deicend- ant of this marriage. 2. Jofeph Neale, efq. was a captain in the Jf. Neale, horfe guards : he was buried in the chancel or* Allefley church, where there is a neat monu- ment erected to his memory, with this concife in- fcription : Ah ! poor Joe Neale ob f - the 2pth fept. 1730, Aged 42. 3. Henry Neale, efq. alfo died a batchelor, H ry and was buried at Allefley. 4.. Thomas MEMOIRS OF THE 4. Thomas Neale, efq. of whom I ihall fpeak as the continuator of this line. 5. Hanbury Neale, efq. died unmarried, fe- bruary 29, 1756, aged fifty-fix. wnnam 6. William Neale, efq. married a daughter of Ucale, efq. a mr. Hanbury, of Herefordshire, by whom he had no child. EKZ. mar. 7. Elizabeth, who married to John Nott, of ried to John Mott, efq. Braidon, in the county of Wilts, efq. She left three fons ; i. Captain John-Neale-Bledell Nott, who was father of three fons and a daughter. 2. Jofeph Nott; and 3. Roger Nott; the former died a bachelor in the Eaft-Indies ; and Roger, if alive, is now at Jamaica. Atma-Ma. 8 and 9. Anna-Maria and Mary, who died ria&Mary, ^ died young, children: the former feptember 3, the latter de- cember 19, both in 1695. Thomas Thomas Neale, the fourth fon of Henry Neale, $e lie, efq. efq. was feated at Allefley. He married Ann, daughter of Michael Mackpherfon, of Scotland, by N E A L E S. 43 by whom he had eight children ; only two of NUM. in. them arrived to the age of manhood. Ncaies. i. Jofeph-Mackpherfon Neale, of Allefley, Jfe P h efq. who died a batcheJor, and was fucceeded in Neale, e that eftate by his only brother. 2. Tohn Neale, who is a colonel in the britifli J ohn Ne c%. army, but now refides at his feat of Allefley-Park. This gentleman was high-lheriff of Warwick- fhire in the year 1783. He married Mary, daughter of Hill, of Dimmock, in the county of Gloucefter, efq. by whom he has no iffue*. * The hiftory of the family of Neale is taken from a pedigree in the poffeffion of the prefent colonel Neale, who obligingly permitted me to take extracts from it, and from the monuments in the church of Allefley. Colonel Neale, befides the portrait of Cromwell, and part of the marriage fettlement upon Ann Cromwell, has fome other curious writings relating to him, as well as fome family portraits pf the Neales T No, 44 MEMOIRS OF THE No. IV. fbe hiftory of tie baronet family of Barrington y defcended by a female from the protectorate houfe of Cromwell. NUM. iv. OIR Francis Barrington, bart. uncle by mar- Barrir.gtons ^ riage to Oliver lord protector, was defcended Barring ^ rom ^ Barringtons, or Barentones, of Barring- ton-Hall, in the county of Herts ; who trace their pedigree up to the norman conqueft, and from faxon defcent. They were much enriched in the reign of king Stephen, by the eftate of the lords Montfitchet, and their blood ennobled by fir Thomas Barrington, knight, marrying Wi- nifred, widow of fir Thomas Haftings, knight ; fecond and youngeft daughter, and coheir of Henry Pole, lord Montague*, fon of fir Rich- ard Pole, knight of the garter, by Margaret Plantagenet, countefs of Salifbury, filter and ible * Catherine, the eldeft daughter and co-heir of Henry lord Montague, married Francis, earl of Huntingdon, eldeft brother to fir Thomas Haftings heir HARRINGTONS. 45 heir of Edward, earl of Warwick, and daugh- NUM. iv. ter to George duke of Clarence ; brother to the j^^, kings Edward IV. and Richard III. fj^" a \ bare. The iffue of this illuftrious marriage was fir Francis Barrington, who was created a baronet ; Henry Barrington, a gentleman penfioner, who died without iffue ; and Catherine, who married William, fon and heir of fir Ralph Bourchier, of Benningborough, in the county of York *. Sir * From the above marriage fprung Barrington Bourchier, efq. of Benningborough, in Yorkfhire, who was to have been a knight of the royal oak, and whofe eftate was loool. per annum. It is probable, that fir John Bourchier, of Yorkfhire, knight, was a very near relation of the Bour- chier who married the daughter of fir Thomas Barrington, knight : he was a rigid independent, and one of the king s judges : happy for hinifelf, he died juft before his trial would have taken place ; he was then old and infirm, and had All-rendered hinifelf within the time limited by the proclamation : he died at the houfe of one of his daughters, \vhere he obtained pcrmiffion to remain, inflead of going to the tower ; his relations preffing him much to exprefs his fonow for the part he had acted refpeciing the king's death, he rofe up from his chair, which he had not done for fomc days before without affiftance, and exerting himfelf, faid, * It was a juft acl ; God, and all good men, will own it :* 2 having 46 MEMOIRSOFTHE NUM. iv. Sir Francis Barrington was feated at Barrington- Hall, in the county of Effex ; he was returned A member for that county in the parlement affem-- bled in the forty-third year of queen Elizabeth's re ig n m wn i cn reign he diftinguifhed himfelf by figning a petition to parlement in behalf of the puritan minifters of the county of EiTex. Upon the accefiion of James VI. of Scotland, to the .englifti throne, he was knighted at Theo- bald's, may 7, 1603, and created a baronet upon the inftitution of that title in 1 6 1 1 . Sir Francis reprefented the county of Eflex in all the parle- ments during the reign of king James I. and in the three firft of king Charles I. He was juftly alarmed at the encroachments of the crown, and with a boldnefs to be commended, refufed to con- tribute to the loan in 1627, for which he fuffered an imprifonment : happy for himfelf, he died before his country was deluged in a civil war : his death happened July 3, 1628. By Joan, having faid which, he calmly fat down again, and foon after expired. He was no relation to the protector Oliver's wife, as appears by his fcal in the warrant for king Charles I.** execution. daughter BARRINGTONS. 47 daughter of fir Henry Cromwell, knight, aunt NUM. iv. to the protector Oliver, he left four fons and five B^H^S daughters. 1. Sir Thomas Harrington, bart. sir Thomas Barrington, adbart; 2. Robert Harrington, efq. He was one of ^" be <-t fiar - ringcon, efq. the reprefentativcs for the borough of Newton, in the parlement called in the third year of king Charles I.'s reign. He was much carefled and trufted by the long-parlement, and by his coufin, the protector Oliver : he fettled at Hatfield- Broad-Oak, in the county of EfTex, and married Dorothy, daughter of fir John Edon, of Sudbury, in Suffolk, knt. and widow of - Barrat, by whom he had feveral children* : his male de- * During the government of the protector Oliver, the names of George, Henry, and Abraham Barrington, all of Effex, occur as perfons truRed by him ; Henry "was mem- ber for Eflex in 1653. Q uer y' Were not they fons of the above Robert. Winifred, one of his daughters, was married to John Ellifon, a clothier; he died in decembcr, 1665, leaving John, Peter, and Oliver Ellifon ; the latter was a phyfician. Another Winifred, daughter of fir John Bar- rington, of Broad-Oak, married Robert Wifeman, uf Tor- .reH's-Hall : he was a volunteer, and killed at the fiege of BuJa. She died may", 1684, leaving no child. fcendants 4 8 M E M O I R S O F T H E NUM. iv. fcendants were long feated at Lacelly's, in B!^^S Staple Bumited, in EfTex : the laft of the name was Joan Harrington, married to mr. Gyles, of the fix-clerks office. Francis 3. Francis Barrington, efq. who firft fettled Barrington, ' - . efi. at London ; but in the civil war took up arms, and was a field officer in Jamaica, after it was taken by the protector Oliver 3 he fettled there, and took vaft pains to cultivate the plantations : he was fo much beloved, that colonel d'Oyley, the governor, recommended him, in 1657, to fucceed him in that employment, as he wifhed to decline it -, becaufe, fays he to the protector, ' he is allied to your highnefs ; is a man of c known integrity, competent abilities, and fuf- s ficient experience in the place.' He married the daughter of Richard Dowfet, by whom he had a fon of both his names. J ohn *- 4. John Barrington, efq. one of the gentle- men of the protector Oliver's bedchamber, member of parlement for Dunwich, in 1658, 1659, and in 1660: at the reftoration he left Britain, and retired to Germany, where he ferved in the army. One HARRINGTONS. 49 One of thefe foris of fir. John Harrington, NUM. iv. bart. I apprehend, was major Barrington, who Barringtons was difplaced from his commiffion by colonel K^*^. fir Charles Coote, for the mnrmurings at fir Charles's making his three brothers, and his coufin fir George Coote, colonels : fir Charles, at any other time, would have been inex- cufable ; but the times demanded fuch only to be tfufted, who could be entirely depended upon : however, it was the greater hardfhip, as major Barrington was alfo anxious to have his royal mafter reftored ; and he was treated by fir Charles with great feverity, by the free- nefs of his reprimands, as well as by depriving him 6f his poft. c. Elizabeth Barrington. She was twice Eiiz. mar. to fir James married ; fifft to fir James Altham, of Markef- Aith.m, kr. and re-mar. hall, in Efiex, knt. who died July 15, 1610, by j^J Wm b ' t whom ffcehzfd an only daughter, Joanna, mar- ried to Oliver St. John, lord-chief-juftice of the common - pleas. Her defcendants have been already given j after fir James Altham's Vol. If, E death, S o M E M O I R S O F T H E NUM. iv. death, his widow married to fir William Ma- Barringtons Eliz. mar. to fir Jmes d h r a e m mtr' 6. Mary Barnngton, who married to fir tofaJlmr- Gilbert Gerard, of Harrow-on-the-Hiil, in the county of Middlesex, created a baronet in 1620. He was a member for the county of Midclkfex in the iSth and 2ift of king James I. and the ift, 1 5th, and in the i6th of Charles 1. in the laft, which is called the long- parlement, he ftiewed himfelf an enemy to the earl of Straf- ford, and afterwards to the king, joining with the pariement againft royalty itfelf > for this he rofe to many confiderable places : he was made paymafter of the parlement army ; had three-pence in the pound allowance* worth lixty thoufand pounds , and alfo was appointed chancellor of the duchy of Lancafter : the pro- tector Oliver made him a lord of his upper houfe. His alliance to and friendfhip for the Cromwells occafioned the long-parlement, after * Vide hiftory of the Mafharas, no..5. Richard'^ BARRINGTONS. 51 Richard's refignation, to refufe him admiflion NUM. iv. into their houfe ; but he had the courage to Harringtons bring an action againft colonel Alufed, who tofirO.ibe.i had perfonally flopped him as he was entering the houfe j but the parlement ordered the action to be dropped, as it was done by their order : the army foon after obtaining the fu- periority, he was nominated one of the new council of ftate : he furvived the reftoration. The title of baronet is now become extinct in this family ; fuch of his defcendants as I have found are given in a note* j obferving, firft, that * Sir Charles Gerrard, bart. defcended from fir Gilbert : lie rc-prefentcd the county of Middlefex in parlement, and died in 1701* By lady Honora, daughter of Charles lord Seymour, of Trowbridge, and fiRer of Charles duke of Soraerfct, he left an only daughter, who married to War- wick Lake, of Canons, Middlefex, efq. by whom me had Lancelot-Charles Lake, of Harrow-on-the-Hill, efq. who married Let! tia, daughter of John Gumley, efq. comnlifTaiy- gcnenil : upon mr. Warwick Lake's death, his widow re- married to fir Philip Staplcton, of the Leeward Iflands; bart. by whom {lie had three children, Miles, Ann, and trances ; (he was a vaft fortune to her firfl. hufband, great part of th.t family eftate centering in her, though the title came to fir Francis Gerard, brother to her father, who wa then in Spain : he enjoyed his dignity but two years, dying 5 MEMO IRS OF THE KUM. iv. that John, a younger fon of fir Gilbert, was B^B"" fellow of KingVCollege-Chapel, Cambridge, and died in 1690, aged 53. Winifred, y. Winifred Harrington, married to fir Wil- mar. to fie William ij am Mewes, or Meaux, of Kingfton, in the IVlewes, bt. ifle of Wight, created a baronet december 1 1 , ia auguft, 1704, leaving only two daughters ; the eldeft of them married to Lethuellier, efq. and Ifabella, the other, in 1725, to fir John Fryer, bart. lord-mayor of Lon- don ; in 1720, (lie re-married, after his death, to lord vif~ count Palmei fton : the title descended to fir Francis' younger brother, fir Cheek Gerard, bart. who died at Harrow-on- the-Hill, in february, 17 15-16, in whom the title became extinct. The Gerards are branched out into many noble families j the Fitz-Geralds, 'earls of Kildare, as alfo the earls of Plymouth and Macelesfield, and the barons of Ge- rards -Bromley, arc of this family, befides feveral of lefs note. Lord Gerard was one of king Charles I.'s generals, and an exile with king Charles II. his lordfhip engaged in a plot to afTamnate Oliver the protector, for which his relations, fir Gilbert Gerard, col. John Gerard, and rar. Charles Ge- rard, brothers, were taken up ; Charles, by confefling, laved his life ; John was beheaded. It is fingular, the brother of the portugueze ambafiador died the fame day for killing a gentleman, who he miftook for this colonel ; fir Gilbert, the eldeft, was fet down for A knight of the royal oak, was much favored by king Charles II. but forfook the court towards the latter part of that reign* BARRINGTONS. 53 1641 j which title became extinct in fir Wil- NUM. iv. liam Meaux, baronet, who died, unmarried, Bamngions in 1705, aged about twenty-one. He left fitters. 8. Ruth Harrington, wife of fir George Rhar. to fir Geo. Lamplugh, of Cumberland, knt. Of this fa- n a c raplugh ' mily was dr. Lamplugh, archbifliop of York, wfto died in 1691, aged 76. 9. Joan Harrington, married to fir Richard Join,mar. to fir Rich* Everard, bart. * Everard - bt - Sir Thomas Barrington was knighted in the sir Thomas Barrington, life-time of his father, and upon his death fuc- ^bart.firft coulin to the ceeded him in the title of baronet. He was p r eft.OL one of the reprefentatives for Newtown, in the parlements called in the i2th, i8th, and 21 ft years of the reign of king James I. and for both thofe called in the firft years of the following reign, and was returned for the county of Effex in the third and fifteenth years of that king j but for Colcheiter, in the following year, he followed his father's example, in oppofmg the * Vide hiftory of the Everards, no. 6. E 3 royal 54 MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. iv. royal tyranny ; having given fuch offence to ifcrrtnfWs the court, by the freedom of his ipeeches in B r Jn h g on a , s parlement, in 1629, that he was brought before " d the privy-council j and in 1640, he prefented a a petition to the long - parlement, from his county, ftating the grievances complained of; he was a committee-man in that county, took the proteftation in 1641, and the covenant in 1643, and was one of the lay affeflbrs in the affembly of divines: he died in 1644. He married twice -, firft, Frances, daughter and co-heir of John Gobert, of Coventry, efq. and fecondly, to Judith, daughter of fir Rowland Lytton, of Knebworth, Herts, knt. (member of parlement for the county of Hertford in 1656 and 1658-9) and widow of fir George Smith, of Annables, in that county, knt. She died in 1657, aged 65, without iflue. By the, firft lady fir Thomas had four children : Sir John j. Sir John Harrington, bart. Barrington, 31] bart. oiimBar- 2. Oliver Harrington. rington. sir Gobert 3 . Sir Gobert Barrington, of Tofts, in Little- ian, b\U jurt. Baddow, in Efiex. He was a parlementarian, HARRINGTONS. 55 but carried himfelf fo well at the reftoration, NUM. iv. that he received the honor of knighthood : he Harringtons died about 1695. Sir Gobert married twice v Jj^uJjJ ftrft, Lucy, daughter of fir Richard Wifeman, b: of Torrells-Hall, in Effex, knt. and fecondly, Elizabeth, relidt of Hugh Lawton, or Lor- ten, efq. who died in 1703 : by the former he had fix Ions ; Thomas, born in 1648 ; Francis, Richard, Robert, John, and Theophilus ; the four laft died young ; and alfo fix daughters, Thomas Harrington was a colonel in the army ; and having greatly injured his fortune, re- quefted his brother, Francis Barrington, who was a very rich merchant of Tunis, to purchafe it. Francis dying firft, and without iflue, by the daughter of Samuel Shute, efq. alderman of London, in 1681, left the eftate to his bro- ther Thomas, but \vith limitation to John Shute efq. his wife's brother, if Thomas died without iffue; which happening, mr. Shute became heir, both to his large fortune and his ancient name. Few perfons have been more fortunate than this mr. Shute Barrington ; for John Wildman, though very remotely allied to him, adopted him heir to his great eftates. He E 4 married 56 MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. iv. married the fole heirefs of fir William Dames B~rH^. of Briftol, a very wealthy knight. Pie was by sirGobert ki n g George I. created vifcount Barrington in bartt Ireland : he was deferving of all thefe riches and honors which are defcended to his fon, the prefent William Wildman vifcount Bar- rington : another of his fons is the hon. Daines Barrington, efq. fo well known for his valua- ble publications. Lucynm- BARRINGTONS. Bi Mary, Ann, Richard, and Mary, who died young, NUM. iv. or unmarried, and fir John Barrington, bart. fa- Harringtons ther of the prefent baronet. 4. Francis Barrington, efq. who died a bat- Fr*. Bar- rington, ciq. chelor. 5. William Barrington, who married Sarah, w n m t ' on Ba e r 1 " daughter and heirefs jof Richard Young, of London, merchant 5 by whom he had no child. Only two of the nine daughters of fir Tho- mas are mentioned in the pedigrees of this family, viz. 6. Winifred Barrington, married to fir Rich- Winifred ard Wifeman, of Torells-Hall, in Eflex, knt. Rich.wife man, knt. 7 . Lucy Barrington, who became the wife Lucy mar- ricd to Tohtt of John Walter, of Chepftow, in the county Waiter, tf* of Monmouth, efq. Thomas Barringtoti, efq. eldeft fon of fir Tho. Br- t i T> rington,efq. John isarrmgton, bart, born augult 29, 1643, eideitfonqt and died in the life-time of his father, January nngton, the ' jd but. 3*< 6 2 MEM O IRS OF THE NUM.IV. 31, 1681, aged thirty-eight. He married the lady Ann, eldeft daughter of Robert, and co heir of Charles Rich, earls of Warwick ; with whom he had very large eftates ; by her he had three Ions and two daughters. Lady Ann be- came the wife of fir Richard Franklyn, bart. sir John i. Sir John Barrington, bart. Harrington, the ^th bart. sirCharies 2 . Sir Charles Barrington, alfo baronet. Bamngton, the 5th bait. 3- RicnardBarrington, efq. diedabatchelor. Mar y' 4. Mary Barrington, who died unmarried, in October, 1727. Ann mar. to r Ann BarHngton, who became the wife of nu. Chwles J shales, mr . Charles Shales, goldfmith for forty -five years to queen Anne, king George L and king George IL He died October 5, 1734; flic, november 17, 1729. They had two fons, I. Richard, who died before his father i and 2. John Shales, who took the name of Barrington, and refided at Hatfield-Broad-Oak, Sit B A R R I N G T O N S, 63 Sir John Barrington fucceeded to the title SUM.JIV. of Baronet upon his grandfather's death. He Bamn g to* was born October 16, 1670; was educated at sK^w, rr- r^ 11 ^ i -j i the 4th bart. .Trinity-College, in Cambridge : upon his re- turning from the continent, October 20, 1691, (where he had been for his improvement) he was prematurely cut off, the twenty-fixth of november following, by the fmall-pox : as he was unmarried, the title and eftate devolved upon his fecond brother. Sir Charles Barrington, bart. who twice mar- s ' r c Harrington^ ried ; firft, Bridget, only daughter of fir John Munfon, of Broxborn, bart. (by Judith, daugh- ter of . fir Thomas Pelham, bart. grandfather to Thomas, late duke of Newcaitle) and at her death, Anna-Maria, daughter of William lord Fitz- William : fhe died in July, 1717. Sir Charles was feven times returned a member of parlement for the county of EiTex, againfl a very powerful oppofition : he was appointed deputy-lieutenant and vice-admiral of Efiex by- queen Anne. He died, generally lamented, January 29, 1714-15, and was buried in St. Catherine's, 64 M E M O I R S O F T H E NUM. iv. Catherine's chapel, at Hatfield- Broad -Oak, Btrriapons w i tn hi s anceftors. Sir Charles dying without sir Charles ifi\Te, the title of baronet became extinct in the Barrington . 5 thbart. elder branch; the eftates he poffefTed in the ifle of Wight he permitted to go to his heir at law, fir John Harrington, bart. his nephew ; that in Eflex he gave to his fitter Ann, wife of mr. Shales, for life, and to her furviving chil- dren, with orders to bear the name of Barring- ton, in addition to that of Shales. girjpfcn The title of baronet came to fir John Bar- Barrington, 8thbar. rington, fon and heir of John Barrington, efq. third fon of the baronet of thofe names, and grandfather of the laft fir Charles Barrington, bart. This fir John Barrington, bart. died in auguft, 1717 : he married Sufan, daughter of George Draper, of Hitchin, in Herts, gent, by whom he had three fons and two daughters: Sir John i. Sir John Barrington, bart. Barnngton, 7th bart. chri 2. Charles Barrington, efq. who died with- Barrington, . tfq. out ifTue, april 3, 1764. HARRINGTON S. 65 3. Sir Fitz-William Barrington, bait, who NUM. TV. fucceeded fir John his brother. Harringtons Sir Fitz- Wm. Bar- 4. Sufan Barrington, married to Harrington rington, 8th Flacke, of Linton, in the county of Cambridge, s u fan, mar. - . to Barring- efqUire. ton Flacke, efq. 5. Sarah Barrington. Sarah. Sir John Barrington, bart. fon and heir of sir John Harrington* the laft baronet of the fame names, was elected 7^ bar:. a member for Newtown, in the ifie of Wight, in the feventh and leveral fucceeding parle- ments of Great-Britain. He married Mary, daughter of Patricius Roberts, efq. who died June 17, 1752 : fir John himfelf died in april, 1752, leaving no child. His title defcended to his third brother. Sir Fitz-William Barrington, bart. who was s; r Fitz- VVm. Bar- fheriff of Hertfordfliire in the year 1754. He rington, the 8th and pre- has married twice ; firft, the daughter and fole fcm baronet, heir of captain Thomas Mead ; and after her death, mifs Jane Hall : by the latter he has, Vol.11. F i. John MEMO1RSOFTHE . iv. i. John Barrington, of Swaintone, in the gtqtt ifle of Wight, efq. member in the prefent par- efq. lement for Newtown, in the county of Hants. Fitz-Wm. 2. Fitz-William Barrington, efq. BArringtoo, . Ann "J . Winifred j- . Jane J 3. 4. Winifred - Barrington*. 5. * The hiftory of the Harringtons is chiefly taken from. the baronetage, feveral hiflories of England, efpecially relat- ing to the reign of king Charles I. and during the common. xvealth and government of Oliver lord proteflor , Morant's hiftory of EfTex, Brown Willis's Notitia Parliameutaria, &c. No. M A S H A M & 67 No. V. he hijiory of the noble family of Ma/ham, cle- fcended from the Cromwells, through the Bar- OIR William Maftiam was created a baro NUM.V. ^ net by king James I. in the nineteenth year of his reign. He was fprung from an ancient and opulent family, feated at Gates, in bart< the county of York, fo early as the reign of king Henry VI. Sir William was grandfon of William Malham, alderman of London, and one of the IherifFs in 1583, and fon of another William. Sir William was a member for Maldon, in the county of EfTex, in the parlement called by king James I. in 1623, and was returned twice for the fame place in 1625, and for Col- chefter in 1 640, and afterwards for the county of Eflexj in this parlement, called the long, from the length of its duration, he much diftin- guilhed himfelf by his warmth againft the ar^ F 2 bitrary 58 MEMOIRSOFTHE NUM. v. bitrary proceedings of the court ; he figned M^ms. tne proteftation, and took the covenant ; was li',^" one of the parlemdnt committee appointed to jfreferve the peace of the county of Eflfcx, in 1642 j an'd when the irilh roman- catholics role in arms againft, and murdered the proteftants, he fubfcribed (ix hundred pounds to raife an army to reduce them. Charles 1. and his purlement having appealed to the fword to decide their quarrel, he ventured his peribn and eftate in liipport of the latter, and was fo highly prized by both parties, that when he had the misfortune to become a prifoner to the gallant lord Goring, he was exchanged for fir John Alhburnham, the king's favorite : he continued firm to the parlement intereft to the laft, and by them was appointed one of the commiflioners of the high court of juftice to try his foverdgn j but that being much againft his judgment, he never attended j though he wil- lingly fubmittedto a republican form of govern- ment, when it was erected, and deled in the coun- cil of ftate, in the years 1649, 1650, and i6i, yet clofed with his relation the protector's gtf- i ^nd in his parlement called in 1654, he M A S H A M S. d&g he reprefen ted the county. of Eflex. By Eliza- NUM. v. beth, or Winifred*, daughter of fir Francis Maihams. Harrington, bart. and widow of fir James Al- tham, of Markftiall, in Eflex, knt, he had fe- veral children : his heir was, William Mafham, efq. He was appointed w m . Maf. ham, efij. by his relation Oliver lord protector, one of the ^^ < of fir \Vnvthe four commiffioners of the treafury, becaufc it firftbart. was fuppofed that he had feveral relations of confiderable intereft of the clergy party ; he himfelf was by no means pleafed with the em- ployment, not liking Oliver's government -, but having a numerous family, and but -a (lender income, -as his father was then living, he was (though with fome difficulty) prevailed upon to accept it. He died before his father. By Elizabeth, daughter of fir Jpjin Trevpr, knt. and fifter of fir John Trevor, knt. fecretary of ftate to king Cliarles II. he had iiTue four foris and fix daughters. * Lady Mafham is called in the baronetage Elizabeth, but in th.e .peerage Winifred. F3 i. Sir MEMOIRS OF THE 1. Sir William Mafham, bart. who died unmarried. 2. Sir Francis Mafham, alfo bart. of whom below. 3. John Mafliam, efq. who died a batchelor. Trevor Maf- 4. Trevor Mafham, efq. fecretary to Lock- hart, ambaffador from the prote&or Oliver to the king of France, and attended at the treaty of the Pyrannees, as he alfo did lord RochefVer, the ambaffador to Poland j and was likewifc fecretary to the earl of Effex, when his lordfhip went viceroy to Ireland. He died unmarried. Joan, HIM. . Joan Maiham, married to Mark Hil- HjiaS.,, defley^ O f Lincoln's-Inn, efcj. A "' 6. Ann Mafham. She never married, g"- "" 7. Elizabeth Mafham, married to Knight, efq. Knight, of Berkfhire, efq. Miry, mar. 8. Mary Mafham, married firft to 9. Margaret Brown, efq. Brown, efq. and afterwards to - Hay, of ana re-mar. * ' M A S H A M S. ;I 9. Margaret Mamam, married to the rev. NUM. v. dr. Walker. 10. Jane Maftiam, died unmarried. Jane. Sir Francis Mamam, bart. was member of sir Francis parlement for the county of Efiex, 2, 7, and 13 the 3 William III. and i and 7 of queen Ann, and was one of the commifiioners of the victualling-office. He died at his feat at Gates, in Eflex, march 2, 1722-3, in his feventy-feventh year of his age; having had the misfortune to bury feven of his fons, and both his wives: his firft was Mary daughter of fir William Scott, bart. feated at Rouen, in Normandy, and marquifs de la Ma- zanfene, in France, by whom he had eight fons, and one daughter; this lady dying, he married Damaris, daughter of Ralph Cud worth, D.D. author of the ' intellectual fyftem,' She was born January 18, 1658, and died april 20, 1708, and has an infcription much to her honor, upon her monument in the cathedral church of Bath. The iffue of this fecond marriage, was an only fon, named Francis-Cudworth. F 4 i. William 7* MEMOIRS OF THE NUM.V. j. William Mafham, efq. eldeft fon of fir aJlfhair Francis Mafham, bart. died unmarried ; he was Sm ' ?fq af ~ a lieutenant in the earl of Oxford's royal regiment JSfcS? of horfe-guards. 3 d bart. Hen. Maf- 2. Henry Marfham, efq. died a batchetor in ha,efq. Ireland. John Mf- 2. John Mafham, efq. who died in Flanders, hao>, efq. alio unmarried. llmf 4' Francis Mafham, efq. he married Ifabella Burnet, a near relation of the celebrate bifhop of that name, by whom he had an only fon, named M r Jham Cii Francis, W ^ fucceeded his grandfather jn the title the 4?h bt. O f baronet, but dying without iffue, the title and eftate devolved upon lord Mafham. S'nJ'dJ**' 5* Winwood Mafham, efq. who died 1709, leaving no child, ham h ; e ^! f " 6t Richar d Mafham, efq. who died abroad with fir Charles Wheeler, and left no family, cha.Maf. 7. Charles Mafham, efq. who died likewife him, efq. 1 ifluelefs, 3. Sir M A S H A M S. 73 S. Sir Samuel Mafham, who fucceeded his NUM.V. nephew fir Francis, in the title of baronet, and was created by queen Ann, baron Mafham, in 1711. 9. Hefter Mafham, a moft accomplifhed lady : fhe died unmarried. Francis-Cudworth Mafham, efq. who was a F. c-ud- worth Maf- mafterofthehigh court of chancery, accomptant- ^m,^. general of rhe faid court, and alfo foreign oppofer in the court of chancery. Samuel, firft lord Mafham. and baronet, was sirSamuei Malham, paoje of honor to queen Ann, whilft princefs the 5 thbr. creau-d lord of Denmark, and to his royal highnefs prince George, to whom he was alfo one of the equerries, afterwards gentleman of the bed-chamber, and preferred by that prince to the command of a re- giment of horfe, and advanced to the rank of a brigadier-general of her majefty's armies; ap- pointed cofferer of the houfhold, and foon after- wards created lord Mafham, of Gates, in the county of EfTex. And having obtained a grant, in reverfion, of the office of rememberancer of the court of exchequer, fucceeded to it odober 23, ?4 MEMOIRS OF THE HUM.V. 1616, upon the death of Simon lord Fanfhaw. His lordfhip married Abigail, daughter of Francis Hill, an eminent Turkey merchant, and Mer of general John Hill, of Enville-Green, near Eg- ham, in Surry : this nobleman and his lady, had the peculiar happinefs of being favorites of their royal miftrefs, queen Ann ; and of being beloved by that great philofopher, John Locke, efq. who fpent ten years of his life with them, and dying at Gates, was buried according to his own defire, in that church-yard. Lord Mafham died ofto- ber, 16, 1733 ; her ladyfhip december 6, 1734, and were both buried at Gates. They had iffue three fons, and two daughters. Gco.Maf- i. George Mafham, efq. who died unmarried, and before his father. Sam. the 2 a 2 . Samuel, who fucceeded to the titles of lord lii.Mafha.n, Mafham, and baronet, in October 1739. He was appointed groom of the bedchamber to his royal highnefs the prince of Wales, October 16, 1736. His lurdfhip married Harriet, daughter of Sal- way Wilmington, of Stamford- court, in the county cf Worceftcr, efq. and filter of Thomas Win- nington, M A S H A M S. 75 nington, commiffioner of the admiralty, and NUM. v. treasurer and paymafter of the forces , with this ^^ lady he had a fortune of 20,000!. flie dying in Sam. th ea Id. Maiharo 1762, he re-married to the daughter of John and 6th bu Dives, of Weftminfter, efq. and one of the maids of honour to the late princefs dowager of Wales. This nobleman dying in June 1776, without iflue, his titles became extinct. q. Francis Mafham, efq. who died a bachelor. F. Mar- ham, efq. 4. Ann, who married to Henry Hoar, of Ann, mar. to Henry Sourton-caftle, Wilts, efq. brother of fir Hugh Hoar, efq. Hoar, bart. lord mayor of London, in 1 745 ; fhe died march 4, 1727. 5. Elizabeth, who died in the fourteenth year Elizabeth, of her age, October 25, 1724. * Hiftory of the Mafliams taken from the peerage, feve- ral hiftories of England, mr. Morant'* tiftory of Effex, Sec. No. 7 6 MEMOIRS OF THE No. VI. The hiftory of the Everards defcended from Joan Harrington, daughter of fir 'Thomas Harrington, I art. and grand- daughter of "jo an, the eldejl daughter of fir Henry Cromwell^ knight ^ grand- father to the froteRor Oliver. > NUM. vi. rr\ H E Everards are of a very ancient defcent, -I- tracing their pedigree fo high as the reign of king Henry III. and have allied themfejves to many of the beft families ; in their ihield .of arms they bear thofe of the Barnardiftons, May^ards, Barringtons, Cornifhes, &c. from having married heirefies of thofe names. sir Richard Sir Richard Everard was created a baronet by Everard, king Charles I. January 29, 162.8, this ,d id not prtvent his joining in the great family combina- tion, under Hampden, the patriot, againft his ma'- jefty. He married twice j firft, Joan, the daugh- ter of fir Thomas Barrington, bart. and fecondly, Frances, daughter of fir Robert Lee, of Billefly, in E V E R A RD S. "77 in the county of Warwick, relick of fir Gervace NUM. vi. Elwes, of Woodford, in EfTex, knt. and mother Everts, of fir Gervace Elwes, of Stoke, in Suffolk ; by the former he had four fons, and three daughters. 1. Sir Richard Everard, bart. s- Richard Everard, the ad bt. 2. Harrington Everard, efq. who died a Barrmgton Everard, elq batchelor. 3. Robert Everard, efq. who never married. Roi. E VC - 4. Hugh Everard, a clergyman, fellow of Rev. Hugh Everard. Emanuel college, Cambridge. 5. and 6. Unknown. 7. Winifred Everard, married to fir William Winifred, Luckyn, bart. by whom fhe left Arm, an only f jr wiii:stn , r , , . Lukyn,bt. daughter, and fole heir. Sir Richard Everard, bart. inherited the eftate s; r at Great- Waltham, in Eflfex ; he was a confider- tt^ able perlbn in the reign of king Charles I. and was one of thofe whom the parlemcnt appointed a committee-man for his county, for which he was fheriff, in 1644-, in the protector Olivers 2 parlement 7 g MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. vi. parlement held in 1654, and 1656, he was otxt E^^uT of the reprefentatives of the county of Effex ; he sir Richard jj vec j during all the commotions that fhook the jiverarflj c ' iheadbc. kingdom, from the breaking out of the civil war to the revolution , he dying, aUguft 29, 1694, in the feventieth year of his age. He twice married -, firft, Elizabeth, daughter of fir Harry Gibbs, of Faulkland, in Scotland, knight of the bed-cham- ber to king James I. and after her death, Jane, daughter of fir John Finnet, matter of the cere- monies to the kings, James I. and Charles I** She lived till October 8, 1729, being then about ninety years of age : by this laft lady he had no child, by the former, three. Jc. i. Jane Everard, who died young. sir Rich.rf 2. Sir Richard Everard, who refided at Bor- knight. ' ham, in the county of Efiex, and was knighted by king Charles II. he died before his father, and unmarried, which occafioned the title of baronet to defcend to his only brother* * James Howell printed a manufcript diary of fir John Finnet, in 1658, and dedicated it to- the right hon. Phillip lord vifcount Lifle ; it is curious and now become fcarcc. 3- Sir EVERARDS. :g 3. Sir Hugh Everard, baronet, who, as a NUM. vi, younger brother, was brought up to arms, and j^"~ fienalized himfelf in Flanders. He was re- sir Hugh Everavrf, ceiver-general of the land-tax, and juftice of 3 d b ^- the peace for the county of Effex; and dying in January, 1706, aged fifty-one, was buried at Waltham. His lady was Mary, daughter of John Brown, M. D. of Salifbury, by whom he had five children. i. Sir Richard Everard, who- fucceeded his sir Rkii /-i -i f - Everartl, father in the title of baronet. 4^1 bare. 2. Hugh Everard, lieutenant of the Ihip n og h F.V rard, efq, Reftoration, who was unhappily loft in the memorable ftorm, in 1703. 3 Morton Everard, who died in the fervice Morton' of his country on board the Hamplhire, com- ef q . r " manded by lord Maynard. 4. Elizabeth, who was married to the rev. r.i\x. mar. Hugh Ofborne, M. A. vicar of Great-Waltham, Hu gh 01-' bjrr.f. rector of Hemimngfield, and alfo vicar of Thaxed, all in Efiex. c. Frances. go M E M O I R S O F THE NUM. vi. 5. Frances, died unmarried. Sir Richard Everard, baronet, was obliged to fell the family eftate of Langley ; with the remains of a fcattered fortune lie purchafed Bromfield. He was governor of North- Caro- lina, under the lords proprietors ; but being difplaced when the crown purchafed that pro- vince, he returned to his native country, and died in Red-Lion-Street, Holborn, february 17, 1733. Sir Richard married Sufannah, one of the daughters and co-heirs of dodor Rich- ard Kiddar, lord bilhop of Bath and Wells (who with his lady was killed in bed by the falling of a (lack of chimnies, blown down in the ftorm in 1703). By this lady, who died feptember 12, 17395 he had two fons and two daughters. .r". n t n omr. If Sufannah, who married a mr. David Mead, an eminent planter and merchant in Virginia* Ann, mar. 2. Ann, married to George Lathburv, gent. o mr. Geo. Lahbury. 7. Sir H A M P D E N S. 81 3. Sir Richard Everard, who fucceeded to NUM. VP the title of baronet ; but never chilling to marry, left, by his death, in march, 1742, the title and eftate to devolve upon the prefent 5 th b t. baronet. 4. Sir Hugh Everard, bart. who went to sir Hugh Everard, Carolina, in North- America, but is now, I be- ^th&pre. fent bare. lieve, in this kingdom : he is greatly to be pitied, as he is left with a title and fcarce any fortune to fupport it*. No. VII. The hiftory of the family of Hampden, defcended from the Cromwells by the marriage of Eliza- beth, daughter of fir Henry Cromwell, knight (grandfather of the proteftor Oliver) to Wil- liam H amp den, efq. fTpHE Hampdens are defcended from the NUM.VIT, * moft honorable family in the county of j^^^ Buckingham j and, like moft other ancient ^"|^ ulty Hampdcns, * Hiftoryof the Everards is taken from the baronetage, liiftory of Effex, and fome others. Vol. II, G houfes 8z MEMOIRS OF THE NITM.VII. houfes, take their name from their habitation, Hampdcts. which has been, for a long feries of centuries, Amiquity at Great- Hampden, in the above county*. * An old manufcript, dated 1579, reports, 'that the ' firft mention which is found to be made of any of the ' Hampdens, is to be Teen in an ancient antiquitie, written ' in parchment' (and at that time undoubtedly) ' remaining ' at Hampden, whereof there be fundry copres in fundry '-parts of the fame (hire, and whereof it appeareth, that ' before the conqueft there was a commifilon direcled to the ' lord of Hampden then being, that he mould be afliftant ' with his aid towards the expnlfion of the Danes out of ' this land, which by reafonable conjecture fhould be at ' the general avoidance of that nation, by Edward the con- ' feffor, king of England, in the year 6f our lord 1043, ' and before the conqueft 23 years.' And by the pedigree of the Hampdens it appears, 'that the 1 firft of the lords of Hamp- * den,- who is remembered byname, in any author, is one * Baldwyn, of Hampden, of whom it appeareth by the book ' called doomfday-book (which remaineth in the exchequer, * tontainirig a farvey of all England in' the time of the eon- 'qtieror, and is the mart ancient record at this day extant) ' that the faid Baldwyn was the lord and owner of Hamp- ' den, whereof, whether ever he was difpoflefled at the con- ' queft, or whether he dcceafcd before or after the fame, is * unknown ; only this is certain, that Ofbert his fon was re- 1 turned into quiet poffeffion thereof, by the twentieth year of the conqueror's reign, which was in the year of our lord 1086.' The above is extracled from papers, and a very accurate and fujl genealogy of the Hampdens, new drawn up, and finely illuminated by the order of Griffith, the HAMPDEN S. 83 The genealogy which commences in this NUM.VII. Baldwyn, informs us, that his fon Qfbert was Hampdms. fucceeded by afecond Baldwyn, and he by Ro- ^JJ'f bert de Hampden, the father of Symon ,de Hampden, whofe fon, fir Robert Hampden, married Lora Giffard, the daughter of Walter Gjffard, the conqueror's great friend, to whom he granted large poffefiions, and created him earl of Buckingham. This may probably ac- count for the Hampdens being. one of the very few ancient englifh families that were permitted to retain their great pofTeflions under pur nor- man kings: ;Bartholpmew, .hisTpfy married-one of the daughters of Will. Fienlefs, or .Fyenes, anceflor of the late lords Say and Sele, and the lords Dacre of the fouth, which two marriages greatly enriched and advanced this family ; fir Reginald, the. next lord, of Great-Hampden, married Agnes, daughter of fir Ingram Burton : to fir Reginald fucceeded fir Alexander Hamp- den*, who married tytarian, daughter of fir Brian the grandfather of the patriot, and continued down Cnce that time. Both are now pofiefied by the right hon. lord vifcount Hampden. * Sir Alexander Hampden was fherifF of the counties of Berks and Bedford, in the time ef the barons wars, wtflch. G 8 was &4 MEMO IRS OF THE NFM.VII. Brian Hardeby, knt. the iffue of which mnr- Hampdena. riage was -Alexander, who died unmarried -, fir Anuquuy Reginald, his fucceffor, and three daughters. The pedigree from this time is very full, and carried into many collateral branches. Sir Re- ginald, the fon, and in the end heir of fir Alex- ander, changed the armorial bearings of his Their arms, family, which were a raven proper upon a field argent, in the attitude and act of croaking, to argent a faltier gules between four eagles, dif- played azure, keeping the more ancient arms only for f a badge and connifance, and purten- ' ance for a fupporter *' and by the marriage of heirefles they have quartered the arms of 1 was in the forty-ninth year of the reign of Henry III. fc king of England, and in the year 1264 ; and, as appeareth * by record in the' tower, he died the fame year, during the * fame troubles ; after whofe death, Alexander, his eldeft * fon (\vho died unmarried) made account to the king of * hlsjfcfrfijejrand inherited his lands ; but fhortly after the * faid Alexander deceafed without iflue : the whole inhcrit- ' ance fell to fir Reginal, fecon'd fon of the faid Alexander, ' the father' pedigree of the Hampdens. Sir Alexander was fLerifTof the counties of Bedford and Bucks for three years, commencing 34 Hen. III. for four years from the 43d ; and from 47 of the fame reign, till his death. Fuller's worthies, and Willis's furvey of. the town hundred, &c. of Buckingham, Syncy H A M P D E N S. 85 Syney, Cavendifh, Savage, Cave, Symeon, and *^^ feveral others. Hampdens. From this Reginald, defcended a long fuc- ceffion of Hampdens, feated at the place fo named in Buckinghammire ; to which county they have given meriffs and members in almoft a regular fucceflion, until they became extinct ; nor have they lefs diftinguifhed themfelves by arms. In the fourteenth century, few families were fo Their riches. opulent as this; but one of them having the prefumption to ftrike Edward, prince of Wales, fon of king Edward III. he was obliged to part with three of his beft manors, to fave his hand, which he was adjudged to Icfe for that offence i this has given rife to a rude couplet, ftill remem- bered in that part of the kingdom : Tring, Wing, and Ivengo, did go, For ftriking the black prince a blow, This, though a vaft lofs, did not prevent the Hampdens being one of the richeft families in their county ; in which, and in feverai others, G 3 they 86 M E M O I R S O F T H E NUM.VII. thy enjoyed great efhtes : particularly in Eflex, notwithftanding feveral heirefies took considerable fortunes into other families i and even the younger branches of the Hampdens, were amongft the greater gentry, fuch were thbfe of Kembelr, Wy- cdmb, Brails, Hartwell, PreftwoOd, all in Bucks ; Emington, in Oxford; Abingdon, in Berkfhire; with many others*; befides feveral fettled in London. * a r i~ e Of the female Hampdens, none rendered them- fe\ ves f o memorable as Sybel, daughter of John Hampden, efq. (and aunt to Griffith) who married to Penn, efq. of Penn-houfe. She was ap- pointed nurfe to the prince of Wales, afterwards king Edward VI. a truft made ftill more important by the fituation of the prince, who, in a few days after his birth, loft the queen, his mother. Mrs. * All the branches of the Hampdens have been long fince extinl, except thofe of Abingdon ; the prefcnt repre- fentative of them has lately fold his ellates there, and re- moved into Staffotdmire, where he has purchafed others : probably this is the only family of the name except lord vifcount Hampden's, now remaining ; there was a perfon of the name of Hampden, who died at Great-Hampden, laft year, who was fupported by the late and prefertt lord Hampden. Penn's H A M P D E N S. 7 Perm's merit, fhewed itfelf by the favors that were NUM.VII. conftantly beftowed upon her, by our fovereigns, H^T P ^ Hen. VIII. Edw. VI. Mary I. and Elizabeth. At f b ! e Penn-houfe, and upon her monument in die Ham P de ^ chancel of Hampton church, in the county of Middlefex, are honorable memorials of her *-. Having * At Penn-houfe, now the feat of mr. Cuzzon, in the. dining-room, is the arras of king Edward VI. when prince of Wales, viz. England and France, quarterly, with a label of three points and an ancient crown, or coronet, over it : it was formerly in the nurfery, but removed to its prefent fituation when great part of the old edifice was taken down, and the remainder repaired. The monument of mrs,. Perm, reprefents her effigies in a praying poftur.e, in the drefs of the times, laid upon a tomb under a canopy, fupported by four fluted pillars, with richly engraved pedeftals ; at the head, are the arms of the Penns ; at the feet, thofe of the. Hampdens, with many quarterings ; upon the back ground, above the effigy, is this infcription : Penn here is brot- to Home, the Place of long abode, "Whofe Vertu guided hathe her Shippe, into y e quyet Rode A Myrror of Her Tyme, for Virtues of y c mynde A Matrone fuch as in herDayes, the like was herd to findc No Plant of fervile Stock, a Hampden by defcent Untowhofe Race 300 Years, hath friendly fortune lent To Cowrte She called was, to fofter up a king \Vhofe helpinge Hand long HngeringeSutes, to fpeedieEnd did bring G 4 Twoo 88 MEMOIRS OF THE NUM.VII. Having premifed thus much of this ancient ^te!Z. anc * venerable family, which produced one of Their at- the moft extraordinary characters this nation ever tachment to na d, it will now be proper to obferve, that the Hampdens early diftinguifhed themfelves as the friends of civil liberty: fir Alex. Hampden, of Twoo Quenes y* Sceptre bore, gave Credyt to y e Dame Full many eYeres inGowrte She dwelte, wth ut Difgrace or Blame No Howfe ne worldly wealthe, on Earth fhe did regarde Before eche Joye, yea & Her Life, Her Prince's Health pre- far'd Whofe long & loyal Love, with fkillful care to ferve Was fuch as did, thro' heavenlye Help, Her Prince's Thanks deferve Woolde God ye Grounde were grafte w* Trees of fuch delighte That idell Braines, of fruitfull Plantes m* find juft Caufc to write As I have plyed my Pen, to praife y s Penn withall "Who lyes entombed in y s Grave, untill y e Trompe her call This reftinge Place behold, no Subjecl place to fall To wch perforce ye lookers on, your fletinge Bodies fhall. Nov r - 6th Day 1562*. * A drawing of this monument which makes no inelegant picture, hangs up in mr. Cuzzon's library, in Penn-houfe, and by an hifeription upon it, we are informed that it was taken from the monument itfelf in Hampton chancel, by order of one of her defcendants, Thomas Penn, efij. fea of the hon.WillimPcnn,efq.firft proprietor of Pennfylvania, in 1768. t Hartwell, HAMPDENS. 8g Hartwell, knt. for refuting to contribute to an arbi- NUM.VIT. trary loan, illegally demanded by king Charles I. Hampdens. . , . Their at- was imprifoned, but by moving for an habeas tachmem to corpus to the king's bench, releafed the twenty- ninth of January following : the great Stldon was fent to the Tower for efpoufing his caufe*. Griffith Hampden, of Great-Hampden, efq. Griffith grandfather of the patriot, was fheriff of Buck- e D E N S. 93 of queen Elizabeth: he was buried in the chancel of ^UM.vir. Great-Hampden church : over his grave is a blue Hampdens. marble ftone, upon which are two brafs plates, Harden, one of them has a fhield of arms, of the Hamp- fa?h *f ike patriot. dens, with five others, viz. 2. Cavendiih, 3. Savage, nefs found that ' flic was more in earnefl than he in jefl,' and that fhe held correfpondcnce with the royalifts, lie put her under the cuftody of her daughter Price : but although the protestor Oliver, called mrs. Waller aunt, and her fon, the poet, coufin, yet there was no real relationflaip between them ; the patriot, Hampden, indeed was firft coufin to each, as this fketch will fhow. Sir Hen. Cromwell, knt. Griffith Hampden, efq. 1 I | """" I efq. Rob. Cromwell, efq. Eliz.^-Wil. Hampden, efq. AnnJj-Ric.Waller, I I | Oliv. Cromwell, John Hampden, efq. Edm. Waller, efq. lord protedor. the patriot. the poet. The family of Waller, defcended from the poet, ftill refides at Baconsfield, in the greateft affluence. Edm. Waller, efq. is mafter of St. Catherine's ; his brother, Richard Waller, efq. is member in the prefent parlement for Agmondmam. At their feat, at Baconf- field, is one of the mod elegant ben 1 proportioned rooms in the kingdom ; and, perhaps, the moft poetical in the world, built in honor of their anccflor, the poet, who, as fuch, is more beloved by them than difliked, as the diminilher of the very fuperb fortune his father bequeathed him. Mrs. Waller was fo obliging as to (hew me a miniature of the poet, in the middle age of life, one of his 94 MEMOIRS OF THE JJUM.VII. Savage, 4. Sydeny, 5. unknown, fretty, 6, H*mpdens. ermines, three whales heads upon a bend, alfo Griffith Hampden, unknown, impaling the arms of the Cromwells ; Oliver, lord proteftor. johnHamp- i. John Hampden, efq. firnamed the patriot, whofe life is given below, and, * Mrs. Hampden's living fo long would probably keep the families of Cromwell and Hampden nearer in fr'i end- flu p to each other, than othenvife they would have been, although there was fuch a political bond between them. I am led to fuppofe this the more, as mrs. Ann Crom- well (perhaps the daughter of fir Philip Cromwell, knt. vide vol. j. p. 38.) died in London, and was brought from thence and buried at Great-Hampdcn, June 8, 1669, as appears by the regifter of that church : there can be but little doubt, but that fhe conftantly refided with the Hsmpdens, and died at their town houfe. . Richard H A M P D E N S. 97 2. Richard Hampdcn, of Emington, in the NUM.VII. county of Oxford, efq. He was much trufled H^to by the common-wealth, and the protector Oliver, ichai . d 7 Hampden, and recommended to the protector Richard, by ef * general Monk, as a proper perfon to be taken into his highnefs's council : perhaps he was raifed to that honor : he died without ifTue in 1659, and was buried at Great-Hampden. John Hampden, efq. firnamed the patriot, fon JohnHamp. and heir of William, reprefented the borough fi'amed of Grampound, in the 1 8th year of king James fi rft confia* I.'s reign; Wendover in the two parlements ird p r -' te&oi. called in the firft and the third years of the fol- lowing reign, and the county of' Buckingham in the i5th and i6th of the fame. After fpending feveral years in fafhionable diflipation, he bent his ftudy folely to flop the progrefs of the wild chimera of his fovereign, to rule by his own arbitrary maxims only : he was the firft perfon who had courage to ftand forth the champion of liberty*: this procured him the honourable appellation of the patriot. * Mr. Hampden tried the right of his fovereign to levy fliip money. Vol. II. H In 98 MEMOIRS OF THE NUM.VII. In the height of his popularity, and when Hampdens. he was confefledly the firft perfon of his party, den"" 3 ?" both * n tne f enate an d tne camp, as well from pmiot l Krft tne antiquity of his family, their honorable and jd fi pro tS!! numerous alliances, the greatnefs of their for- tune as from his own wrongs, his courage in feeking redrefs, the fteadinefs and confiftency of his conduct in oppofing the court ; to thefe may be added, his fine parts, highly improved by his converfe with great men and good au- thors, his penetration, fkill in, and affiduity in bufmefs : he received a mortal wound in a trif- ling fkirmifh, at Chalgrove - Field, June 8, 1643, died the iSth, and was buried the 25th following, in the chancel of Great-Hampden church. Echart, in his hiftory of England, fays, that he was informed from the belt au- thority, that the patriot Hampden's death was occafioned by the burfting of a piftol, which belonged to a cafe of piftols that fir Robert Pye, his fon-in-law, had prefented him with j and when fir Robert went to pay him a vifit in his laft illnefs, hefaid, c Ah, Robin, your un- c happy prefent has been my ruin !' From HAMPDENS. - 99 From his profound diffimulation, it is im- NUM.VII. poffible to judge whether to clafs him amongft Hampdens. the true patriots or incendiaries j time only ]J n e ^ at ? could have unfolded the myftery. It is certain, "^ ^ he refufed every felicitation for a reconciliation ^protea! with offended majefty, which it has been (though with little reafon) fuppofed he would not have done had he been declared governor to the prince of Wales, and favored with fome other gratifications-, but his conftantly ftudying d'Avila's hiflory of the civil wars in France*, fhewed that he well knew, that the conteft be-* tween the king and parlement could only be fettled by hoftile conqueft, as both were too much irritated againft the other, and had too much to gain or lofe, to fubmit to cool dif- paflionate reafon ; add to thefe weighty confir derations, the refentment he bore to the perfon of the king, for the unjuftifiable injuries both he himfelf, his neareft friends, and deareft inte- refts had experienced ; and which called for, he thought, their whole force to fo circum- fcribe the royal prerogative, that neither his * From the patriot's always carrying d'Avila's hiftory of the civil wars in France with him, wherever he went, it was called colonel Hampden's prayer-book. H a refent, too M E M O I R S O F T H E NUM.VII. prefenr, or any future fovereign, fhould have it Hardens, in their power, with impunity, to violate the den'e? ai fi P rI rights of the people ', but he knew that haughty paubt/Erft monarch would never cqnfent to the leaft di- Srd fi proteai rninution of abfolute fway, unlefs compelled to it by being reduced to the moft abject fituation that royalty could experience. If he meant to go further, to dethrone the matter who he looked upon as a tyrant, who had violated the moft facred depofit that can be placed in the hands of man, and even to annihilate the regal power itfelf ; his thoughts probably were thefe, that the king himfelf would never be reconciled, as he had been the firft to contend his fove- reign's will ; and this efpecially, as his majefty, from a very ftrong attachment to arbitrary principles, conftrued every oppofition to it re- bellion ; add to this, he knew Charles's infin- cerity, an'd that his judgment was fo foon biaf- cd by thofe who he loved and trufted, that no reliance could be placed in the moft folenrn aflfurances, and therefore it would be impoflible for himfelf to remain in fafety, whilft the king convened upon the throne, however lowered it might be ; as when once the patriotic phalanx was difarmed, favorable opportunities might 2 offer H A M P D E N S. offer to punifh them at pleafure ; and a fuc- celTor to the crown would have the fame fenti- ments, becaufe he would think he had fuffered the fame loffes : it is not improbable, therefore, that the penetrating fteady Hampden, when he drew the fword, for ever threw away the fcab- bard, and determined that the king, and even monarchy with him, fliould for ever ceafe : it may alfo be, that the abufe of the monarchial power had made him diflike it, as much as it might occafion his reverencing a republican form of goverment. Different perfons and parties have had different fentiments of him : Thompfon has immortalized him as the pureft patriot : earl Temple has placed him at Stow, amongfl the britifh worthies : Baxter has gone higher, he has beatified him : he was the ora- cle of his coufin Oliver Cromwell, afterwards protestor, c who followed his advice whillt liv-> * ing, and revered his memory when dead.' On the contrary, the friends of king Charles I. have given him the moft interefted and vin- dictive motives 5 and it muft be obferved, thatj fir George Crooke, when he declared his judg- merit to b^ fpr him (in oppofition to the H 16S MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. vn. judges) with refpeft to {hip-money, yet faid, c that he was a dangerous perfon, and that men ' OU g nt It is fmgular, that there are feveral engrav- ings of the celebrated Hampden, though there is not a portrait of him in being : the late mr. Hollis, in vain, endeavoured to obtain one : at Hampden-Houfe (now the feat of the right hon. lord vifcount Hampden , heir to his name and ef- tates) there is a fmall bufto of him, in ivory, well executed, and fuppofed to have been done in his life-time ; it exhibits a thin long vifaged man, with whifkers; there is the print of the patriot given in Peck, in another apartment, which I carefully examined with this, but there was no refemblancej the buit is thinner, and of a more melancholy caft of features; the nofe is aquiline and bending, almoft to the upper lip ; the en- graved portrait of Houbracken is undoubtedly his eldeft furviving fon, and very like him*. * See the life of the patriot Hampden in the Biographia Britannica, under that article ; alfo examine the contem- porary authors, Whitlock, Clarendon, Warwick, Ludlow, &c. I have-omitted to write the patriot's life, as little new f ould be given, and for reafons mentioned in the preface > to the firft volume. The H A M P D E N S. 103 The patriot married twice j firft, Elizabeth, NITM.VII. fole daughter and heir of Edmund Symeon, of Hampdens. Pyrton, in Oxfordfliire, efq. She is buried in *". the chancel of Great-Hampden church; againft the fouth wall is a long plain black flone, at the top of which are the arms of Hampden im- paling Symeon*, and the following infcription beneath, that fhews both the time of her death, and gives an eftimate of her worth, and the va- lue the patriot had for her : it is. TO THE ETERNALL MEMORY OF THE TRUELY VERTVOVS AND PIUS ELIZABETH HAMPDEN, WIFE OF JOHN HAMPDEN, OF GREAT HAMPDEN, ESOVIER, SOLE DAUGHTER Sc HEIRE OF EDMVND SYMEON, OF PYRTON, IN THE GOVNTY OF OXON, ESQ. THE TENDER MOTHER OF AN HAPPY OFFSPRING IN 9 HOPEFULL CHILDREN. In her Pilgrimage The ftaie and comfort of her neighbours, The love and glory of a well ordered family, * The arms of the Symeons are party per fefle, fable and argent, a pale, counter-charged ; on every piece of the firft a trefoile flipped of the fecond. H 4 The io4 MEMOIRS OF THE HUM.VII. The delight and happinefs of tender Parents, P pj^x But a Crowne of bleffings to a hufband. SfcJf'Jc ^ a wife to all an eternal paterne of goodneffej jSiVdi^ ^"^ caufe of joye whilft fhee was. In ber Diffbhtion A loffe vnvalluabk to each jet berfelfe ties' t and tbey recumpenfd in ber Iranjlation from a tabernacle of claye end Fellowjbipp o? mor tolls to a Celejtiatt Manfion and Communion &* Deity tbe 20tb day of Augufi 1634. JOHN HAMPDEN, HER SORROWFVLL HVSBAND IN PERPETVALL TESTIMONY OP HIS CONJVGALL LOVE HATH DEDICATED THIS MONUMENT*. T-- :ny Xhe fecond wife of the patriot was the lady Vacbdi fc. Letitia Vachell. who lone furvived him. She ^qpj wifco ^Jj^j* died in 1666, and was brought from Cooley, by Reading, and buried at Great-Hampden, r .arch 29. She had no child by mr. Hamp- den. The iffue by the former wife was nine children. * It was almoft indifpenfibly necefiarjr to give this in- Ifriprion, to dear up fome miftakes in the Biogtaphia Bri- i. John H A M P D E N S. 105 j. John Hampden, efq. who died fome little y rime before his father ; probably either in 1641, i^Z^T or 1642. - renof the patr 01 Ha^pdrn. 2. Richard Hampden, efq. the heir ; of whom J n ;"r" r " below. Ric.Hamp- the dauS hter of fir William Huffey, bart. jJerfSS and after her death, Sarah, daughter and co-heirefs having no ifiue from either of his wives, he be- queathed his eftates, amounting to 4000!. per annum, and his fine feat of Noclon, built by his father (after the death of his furviving lady) to his relation, the right honorable lord flobart, afterwards earl of Buckinghammire. Sir Richard died, february 14,1742. The daughters of fir William were, i. Ann, married to Edward Cheeke, of Pirgo, in Eflex, efq. who died in 1717, having buried all his children f. 2. Ifabella, who married to Richard Hampden, her firft coufin. 3. Sarah, who died unmarried, february 10, 1735 i and two others, who did not live to be- come women. * See more o! fir William, Ellys km. at the end of this volume, amongit the prote&or's great lawyers. i' The Cheekcs arc a very ancient and honorable family, fir John Cheeke, anceftor of the above Ed\vard Cheeke, efq. \vas preceptor to king Edward VI. Edward's father was colonel Thumas Chcckc, lieutenant of the Tower to king Charles II. and king James II. and nephew to the earl of Oxford, audfon of fir Thomas Cheeke, knt. a member of the long parlement, who took the protection iu 1641, and the covenant in 1643. John H A M P D E N S. in John Hampden, efq. fon and heir of the NUM.VII. -right hon. Richard Hampden, efq. took a ftill Hampdens. more active part againft the houfe of Stuart : den^^n he had not the coolnefs and deliberation of t'hert.hon. either his father or grandfather ; the want of Hampden, it involved him in misfortunes, which they, by their prudence, efcaped : he was amongft the foremoft in the oppofition in both the *parlements held in the thirty-firft of king Charles II. 's reign, and that in the following year : in the two former he was returned & member for the county of Bucks, and in the latter for the borough of Wendover. In 1683, he was concerned in thofe practices againft the licentious court of king Charles II. that ruined the amiable lord Rufiel -, for which he was apprehended; but defiring not to be prefled with queftions, he was fent to the tower j and, february 6, 1683, he was tried in the king's bench, before that difgrace to huma- nity, judge JefFeries. The court's not being able to produce but a fingle witnefs againft him, availed him no- thing, though his crime was treafon, if any thing j nz M EM OI R S O F THE NUM.VII. thing j but as that cannot be proved without iiamfdi-ns. two witnefles, the indictment was laid only for iJJIfcS a mifdemeanor ; and to enforce the neceffity of the d r h t d hou f . the jury finding the prifoner guilty, Jeffries HampdL, judicioujly obferved, that it was necefiary c for f them to bring him in guilty, or they would < difcredit all they had done before.' This was, perhaps, more than enough to fatisfy their tender confciences; fo that upon the fingle 4 evidence of lord Howard, he was convicted, and the court condemned him to a fine of 40,000!. and to give fecurity for his good be- haviour for life. Notwithftanding the enormity of the fum, he procured his liberty ; but it was only to plunge himfelf into new difficulties. No fooner had the infatuated weak duke of Monmouth landed in England, in 1685, to attempt to de- throne his uncle king James II. than he joined that adventurer j for this he was tried at the fefiions of the old bailey, december 30, 1685 ; at which time he was told, that unlefs he pleaded guilty, he muft expect no mercy j and knowing that there was no want of legal evi- dence againft him, he confefied the fact, and begged H A M P D E N S. n 3 begged his life with much meanneis, for which NUM.VII. he never forgave himfelf. nl^d^ JohnHamp- den,efq. fon To a perfon of mr. Hampden's principles, a " dheirof *I the rt. hon. and his fufferings under the royal brothers, H^m'dtn, king Charles II. and king James II. we may ef<1 * fuppofe, how defireable the revolution muft be. It is obferveable, that he was the perfon who carried up the refolution of the commons to the lords, that the throne was become vacant. His conduct, after that event, was moft ex- traordinary ; for when king William fent arch- bifhop Tillotfon, to aflure him, how well he cfteemed him ; and that, if he wiflied to be created either a baron or an earl, he fhould be either j or if he preferred a penfion, it was at his fervice ; to which he anfwered, c that he would die a country gentleman, of an ancient family, as he was, which was honor enough for him j and that he would not take the king's money, and the king's fervants want bread ; that he had always fpoke againft giving pen- fions to others, and, at fuch a time as this, it was oppreflion -, adding, that whilft he had a roll, or a cann of beer, he would not accept a Vol, II. I fixpence 1 1 1 M E M O I R S OF T H E NUM.VII. fixpence of the money of the nation :' yet this Hai^Atra. gentleman, who fecmcd fo little to court titles, Jn"" ai Sn or va l ue money, was ambitious of honorable the n = 'hon. employments j and becaufe his majefty would H^pdtn, not give him the poft of fecretary of ftate, he was difgufted (though he was offered the em- bafiy to Spain, which he declined, as unworthy of his fervices) and was ever after a conftant oppofer of the mimftry with fir Edward Sey- mour j but he always diflented from that gen- tlemen when the proteftant intereit was con- "cerncd. Mr. Hampden had the honor of firft pro- poling the duchefs of Hanover's being declared heirefs to the britiih throne, after the deceafe of queen Ann, then princefs of Denmark; and this fo early as 1689* j but the parlement did notefpoufe his proportion at that time, though they afterwards adopted that order of fucceflion. ' . His fpirits were conftantly deprefled by his reflecting upon what unmanly terms he re- ceived his life from king James II. and not Mr. Hampden was returned to fcrve in the fir ft paile- ment of king William and queen Mary, for the borough of Wendover ; he was nlfo in the parlemcnt in the' reign ui king William III. having H A M P D E N S. 115 having the confolation of religion to fly to, he NUM.VIT. laid violent hands upon himfelf*. His body johnHamp- was buried in the church of Great-Hampden, and'hJrTe with his anceftors, december 16, 1696. Richard Hampden, efq. Billiop Burnet gives this character of him : f he was a young man (fays his lordihip) of ' great parts, one of the learnedft gentlemen I c ever knew; for he was a critic, both in latin, c greek, and hebrewj he was a man of great c wit and vivacity, but too unequal in his tem- < ( per ; he had once great principles of religion, < but he was corrupted by P. Simon's conver- ' fation at Paris.' Mr. Hampden muft be reckoned amongft the writers of the laft cen- tury |. He married, firft, Sarah, fecond daugh- ter * It has been aflerted, that he applied to the clergy to know the lawfulnefs of putting an end to his life ; and , though they all gave their proper fentiments, yet it was not powerfull enough to prevent his applying a knife to his throat. t Mr. Hampden wrote * fome confiderations about the ' moft proper way of railing money in the prefent conjunc- ' ture, printed about the year 1692 ; fomc fliort confideia- ' lions concerning the ftate of the nation, printed about no- * vcmber, in the fame year. He affifted major Wildman, and * others, in writing, An enquiry, or difcourfe, between a I t yeoman n6 MEMOIRS OF THE UUM.VII. ter of Thomas Foley, of Whitley-Court, in the H^d^T. county of Worcefter, efq. and widow of Eflfex J, n e ?,*7n" Knightley, of Faufley, efq. She died in 1 6*7, Jh ,*l!w and was buried at Great-Hampden. By her 5Sji, hehadtwochildren,Richard,andLetitia. Af- el * ter this lady's death, he re-married Ann Corn- wallis, by whom he had John, and Ann. There are portraits of this John and his laft wife at Hampden-Houfe, by which it appears, they were both remarkably handfome. Children of i. Letiti.i, the eldeft daughter, married to JohnHatnp- den, c f q . John Birch, ferjeant-at-law, by whom Ihe had no Lrtitia.mar. to John . child. Birch, fer- * yeoman of Kenf, and a knight of the (hire, t>pon the pro ' rogation of the parlement to the ad of may, 1693, and the 'king's refufing to fign the triennial bill, &c.' His moft generally known book is obfervation upon mr. Samue! Johnfon's abrogation of king James II. for the ufe of the dnchefs of Mazarine ; in which he eiuleavours to eflablifTi king William's title under thefe heads ; ccmq^left, provi- dence, poffeflion, and vacancy of the throne by king James's abdication ; which is fufficient to know that he had no proper idea of liberty, as the greatcft tyrant might have wfed the fame claim to any, or all thefe ways ; had he de- fended it as the voice of the nation with the confent of par- lement, he had fpoken much more rationally. 2. Ana HAMPDENS. 117 2. Ann, the half-fifter ofLetitia, married to ^^JJ Thomas Kempthorne, of Bexley, in Kent, efq. Hampdens. f. l Ann, mar. In the chancel of Great-Hampden church, againft ma * the north wall, is an elegant monument of va- thorne > ef{ i- ** Ann mar. rious coloured marbles ; at the top is an urn, with Thomas Kemp- a wreath of flowers; under it the arms of the thornc > cf * Kempthornes (viz. argent three trees vert') im- paling thofe of the Hampdens ; beneath are me- dallions facing each other, infcribed, THOMAS KEMPTHORNE, ANNA KEMPTHORNE, under which is this infcription : Here lie the Remains of THOMAS KEMPTHORNE, Eft. Who following the Example of his Anceftors, ferved his King and Country in the Royal Navy. And dyed Commiflioner of Chatham- Yard, in July 1736. Alfo, thofe of ANNE his Wife, Daughter of JOHN HAMPDEN, of Great- Hampdcn, Efq. By ANNE GORNWALLIS, his fecond Wife. She dyed in Sept r - 1723. CHARLOTTE KEMPTHORNE, their only now furviving Child, Erefts 8c dedicates this Monument with all Duty and Affe&ion, to the Memory of her Parents. MDGCLIX. 1 3 Charlotte n8 M.E M O I R S O F . T H E KUM.VII. Charlotte Kempthorne, the eldeft daughter of this marriage, and in the end fole heirefs (as Ann, other filler, died in France, unmarried) gave her hand to a perfon of the name of "Wakefield, though then in the humble ftation of a pofli- ]ion; and at her death, without iffue, in 1773, fhc bequeathed him the whole of her fortune, amounting to near 50,000!. he is dill living: his virtue defer ved the greateft gifts of for- tune, though his education and fituation, feemed to have precluded him from partaking of them fo liberally at her hands. Thert.hon. 3. Richard Hampden, efq. eldeft fon and heir Ric, Hamp- den, efq fon of John, was elected member of parlement in and heir of . the beginning of the reign of queen Ann, both for the county of Bucks, and borough of Wen- dover, but made his election for the former; he was alfo returned for the fame county in 1710, and for WendoVer, the eighth of the following reign. As the Hampdens had conftantly mewed themfelves the friends of. liberty, and in fo parti- cular a manner in favor of the houfe of Brunf- wick, his majefty king George I; upon his" accef- fion to the britifh throne, 'diftlnguifhed him on many H A M P D E N S. 119 many occafions ; he was appointed march 21, NUM.VIT, 1718, pay matter of the navy, and the thirteenth Ham P d ens . of the fame month, he was fworn of his majefty's e J^ moft honourable privy-council; but thefe were ^' h e e f j'^ n misfortunes, not fervices to him , for his poft of paymafter, giving him the command of the pub- lic's money, he imprudently trufted it in the fouth-fea fcheme, and was one of the moil confider- able fufferers, lofing no lefs a fum than 95,000!, which fwallowed up the whole of his great eftate, except eleven hundred a year; that was fortu- nately fettled upon mrs. Hampden, his wife : how- ever, to fave the principal family eftate of Great- Hampden, the creditors permitted him to exchange the fettlement from Dunton, to Great-Hampden ; mrs. Hampden giving up the former to be fold. This was a dreadful blow, and robbed this ancient family of many eftates in the vicinity to that of Great Hampden -, the time of his death cannot be afcertained, owing to the fhameful neglect of the laft rector of the parifh, who kept no regif- ter from the year 1726 to 1750. Richard mar- ried his firft coufin, Ifabella, daughter of fir John Ellys, bart. by whom he had no iffue ; fhe re- married to Peter Bradbury, a prefbyterian minif- 1 4 ter, jto MEMOIRS OF THE NUM.VII, ter, brother of the famous Thomas Bradbury, i^T"' once at the head of the diflenting intereft. 4. j h n Hampden, efq. the youngeft fon of a heTr h Sthe d f atner f both hi* names, and half-brother of R^Sp- Richard, fucceeded him, but not at Great-Hamp- hft'onh? den {il1 the death of his bather's widow. He male i;ne. was j n p U bHc employments in feveral reigns-, was returned a member of parlement for the county of Buckingham 14 of king William II L in the latter end of whofe reign, or in the beginning of the next, he was deputy to mr. Wyndham, clerk of the habeas corpus office : queen Ann ap- pointed him one of her pages of honor, in the firft and fourth years of that fovereign's reign, he reprefented Wendover; and the county of Buckingham the feventh, and afterwards was re- turned a member both for Wendover and Berwick upon Tweed, but made his election for the latter. Upon the acceflion of king George I. he was re- turned one of the county members for Bucking- bam; in the late reign, in the years 1734, 1740, and 1 747, he was again member for Wendover ; and in may, in the following year, he was appointed commiffary-general of the ftores for the H A M P D E N S. 121 the garrlfon of Gibraltar. It is fingular, that NUM.VII. though he conftantly voted with the minifter, he ^^^ m was fo well beloved, that he was never oppofed J hn Wamp- den,efq.halt wherever he put up for. He died a batchelor, J^of"* at a very advanced age, february 4, 1754, and by his will he bequeathed his eftates and name to the honorable Robert Trevor, efq. afterwards lord male hnc * Trevor, and created vifcount Hampden -, and for want of heirs male, to go to the earl of Bucking- hammire, or his repreientative. The late lord vifcount Hampden, in gratitude to him, and to perpetrate the memory of the pa- triot, and his defcendants, erected a molt fuperb monument of various coloured marbles ; it con- fifts of a farcophagus, upon the ends of which, fit two mournful boys, one with the cap of liberty, pointing to his breaft, the other holding vnagna charta , above is a very large medallion, upon which is given the death of the patriot, or rather his receiving his mortal wound in Chalgrave-field -, the village and the church is vifible: he is re- prefented as being caught falling from his horfe, which is under a large tree ; upon the butt of it, isafhield of arms of Hampden, impaling Simeon, and in a fcroll underneath, Vejligia nutla retrcr- fum,. , w MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. vii.. fum. The tree has five branches ; upon the mfipdefc. fir ft, is a fingls fhield of arms of the Knightleys, johnHamp- impaling Hampden : the fecond branch has Ix was one of the commifTioners at the treaty of S ~ - J^ X "' Uxbridgej and though he had been fteadv to ^j f p k r t the parlement intereft, and performed feveral f "h' e n r ril gallant actions in their fervice; particularly at the m P d < :n taking of Taunton ; yet, becaufe he was known to wifh for a reconciliation between the king and par- lement, he was, in 1648, fecluded from the houfe of commons. During the commonwealth he was neglected, but in the protectorate of his rela- tion Oliver, he was employed and trufted by himj yet, he engaged in an attempt to reftore the king, and was made one of the treasurers to apply fuch money as was lent for chat purpofe. In february 1 660, he was fent to the Tower, by the reftored commonwealth, for fetting out a declaration for a free parlement, but he had the courage to moye for an haleas corpus : Kewdigate, judge of the upper-bench, demanded of the common- wealth counfel, what objection they had to the motion ? and they replying they had none : that judge faid, c if you have none, I have, * for as fir Robert was committed by an order of ' parlement, this court, as an inferior one, cannofc \ difdiarge Kim.,* But as the republican intereft 138 MEMOIRSOFTHE VUM. ix. foon after expired, he obtained his liberty, and was looked upon with much favor by king Charles II. Hilt* of fir Ro.p ye ,kt. sir Robertj j,.^ it ; s thought, a fon of both his names, and alfo knighted; there are flill de- fcendants of the father. I have been informed they were difappointed in not having, at lead, a lhare in the Hampden eftates, upon failure of heirs male in that family. Robert-Hampden Pye, efq. a few year ago, married mrs. Campbell, by whom he has had children*. No. X. fhe hiftory of the family of Trevor, now Hampden, defcended from Ruth, daughter of the celebrated John Hampden, efc[. and coufm of Oliver lord protector. NUM. x. np H E family of Trevor, is one of the moft "r^r ancient and noble in Wales ; their pedigree A ofThe y is car "ed up higher than the time of king Arthur ; Kariodock * The hiftory of fir Robert Pye, knt. is taken chiefly from cotemporary authors. Wrech TREVORS. 139 Wrech fras, was in that king's reign, earl of Here- NUM. x. Ford and Marcheogein. Tudor Trevor, earl of ^^^ Hereford, fon of Rheingar, and grandfon of Ka- riodock, married Ankaret, daughter of Howel Dha ap Kadell, prince of North Wales. The defendants of this marriage are branched out into a prodigious number of families, which, like moft of thofe in Wales, are more known by their arms *, than their names ; but even from the time of John, who firft took the firname of Trevor, in the reign of king Henry VII. many moft refpedable families in Wales, England, and Ireland, are known by the name of Trevor, and particularly, the noble one of Trevor, vifcounts Pungannon, in Ireland. John Trevor, of Brynkynate, efq. who firft affumed a firname, had five fons, all of whom, were founders of diftincl branches. Richard, the third of them, by marrying an heirefs, became poffefled of the manor of Allington, and was father of John Trevor, of Allington, efq. whofe eldeft fon, was alfo John, feated at the fame place > #s was his eldeft fon, likewife named John, who. * The arms of Trevor, arc, party perbend, fmifter, er- jn;ne and ermines, a lion rampant QT. i4o MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. x. became the father of four fons, who all received Trevors, the honor of knighthood *. Sir John Trevor, ffTiTrTe- the fecond of them, was feated at Trevallyn, in the county of Flint ; he was knighted at Windfor, jurie 7, 1619: and by Margaret, daughter of Hugh Trevanion, in the county of Cornwall, efq. he had fir John, his heir, who married the pa- triot's daughter, and feveral other children f. From this concife account of the Trevors, it may be expected, that an alliance was deferable from any family; the patriot Hampden, particularly * The four fons of John Trevor, of Allington, efq. were fir Richard Trevor, of AUington, knt. who left fouy daugh- ters, his co-heirefles. Sir John, of whom in the following pages. Sir Sackville ; and fir Thomas, chief baron of the exchequer ; he was impeached in 1 64 1 , but extricated him- felf with very great honor, and died in march 1656-7 ; JJoyd has written His life. His fon and heir was fir Thomas, created a knight of the Bath, at king Charles I.'s corona,- tion, and a baronet in 1641, which title, for want of male iffue, became extinft at his death. ~h The other children of fir John Trevor, knt. were, Charles, William, and Richard, and three daughters ; Ann married to Robert Weldon, of Londpn, efq. Jane, to fir Francis Comptpn, knt. fifth, fon of Spencer, earl of Nor- thampton; and Elizabeth to William Mafham, efq. eldeft fon of fir William Maftiam, bart. anceRor of the lord Maf- ia^ thought TREVORS. 141 thought it ib, not only for their inter-eft in Eng- NUM. x land, but for their command of Ib large a part of ""xT^T Wales ; their very numerous, and great family con- Antiquity of the Tie* nexions ; the political fentiments that were almoft vors> common to all of them , and, what perhaps, was flill more interefting to the patriot, the vaft fway they bore in the houfe of commons, having, befides feveral members allied to them by mar- riage, no lefs than five of their own name in par- lement; of which, fir John, of Trevallyn, knt. was one, and his eldeft fon, of both his numes, another. It was this fir John Trevor, junior, knt. (then Thert.lion. only mr. Trevor) and his defcendants, that I Trior^kt. ihall particularly treat of, as from the political Ruih, of Chuckfield, in Suffex, counfellor-at-law (which lady died auguft 2 7 I 734) ^e had an only daughter, who married to Charles, duke of Marlborough ;- the duke died oftober 20, 1758^ her grace eftober, 2, 1761. Their TREVORS. 147 Their ifllic, was George, the prefent duke of NUM. y. Marlborough, born January 26, 1738, and mar- Trevors. tied auguft 23, 1762, the lady Caroline Ruflell, ^7^. daughter of John duke of Bedford, by whom his grace has George, marquis of Blandford, the lady Caroline, and the lady Elizabeth. 2. Lord Charles, born march 31, 1740, member for the county of Oxford, a privy counfellor, and verdurer of Wichwood foreft : by the lady Vere, he has two fons, George, and Charles. 3. Lord Robert, born may 8, 1747 > member for Wood- ftock. 4. The lady Diana, firft married to lord vifcount Bolingbroke, fince to Topham Beau- clerk, efq ; and 5. the lady Elizabeth, married to Henry earl of Pembroke. 2. John, who fucceeded to the barony of Trevor J 1in 3 d of Bromham , he was bred up to the law, and in the life-time of his brother, a welch judge ; his lord- ihip married may 31, 1731, Elizabeth, daughter of that celebrated wit, fir Richard Steele, knt. by whom he had an only daughter, Diana j this nobleman died feptember 27, 1764, and her lady- (hip in december 1769. 3. Ann. Ann. LA 4. Letitia, 14$ M EM OIRS OF THE NUM. x. 4. Leritia, married to Peter Cock, of Camber- "rTc^ well, in the county of Surry, eiq. Letilia, mar. to Pet. Cock, ciq. 5. Elizabeth. Elizabeth. Rob. vifc. 6. Robert Trevor, afterwards Hampdcn, firft Hampdea. , , , r r ~. lord vifcount Hampden. Richard id. 7. Richard, who was fuccefllvely bifliop of Durham. St. David's, Bath and Wells, and laftly, of Dur- ham. His lordfhip, after a moft exemplary life, died with the greateft refignation and compofure, June 9, 1 77 1, in the fixty-fourth year of his age, and was privately buried (by his own defire) in the church of Glynd, in Suflex, which he had re- built. His lordfliip never married *. Edward. 8. Edward, died young. :6 fc !- n f. 1 "' Hat'l^' Robert Trevor, born in 1718, who was the third, but eldcft fon of Thomas, lord Trevor, by his fecond lady , he, in compliance with the will of his relation, John Hampden, of Great- Harnpden, Bucks, efq. took the name and * There is an account of the exemplary death and cha- racter of bifliop Trevor, printed in the private pfefs of my ingenious and worthy friend, George Allen, of Darlington, elq. to which is prefixed, a good engraving of his lordfhip, by Collycr, from a painting of Hutchinfon. armorial TREVORS. 149 armorial bearings of that family; for which he NUM - x - inherited the eftate of that ancient houfe. In Trevors. , Rob. Id. vif. the year 1739, he was appointed envoy ex- HamptU. traordinary and plenipotentiary at the Hague; in 1746, or 1750, he was conftituted a com- miffioner of the cufloms of Ireland; and in 1759, poft- matter- general. Upon the death of his half-brother John, lord Trevor, without male iiTue, he became the fourth lord Trevor, baron of Bromhamj and June 8, 1776, he was by his majefty, raifed to the dignity of vifcount Hampden, of Great andLittle-Hamp- den, in the county of Bucks. His lordfhip was a fellow both of the royal and antiquarian focieties. He died at Brornham-houfe, auguft 22, 1783, of a dead palfy, which {truck him upon wednefday in the preceding week, when he was in the entire enjoyment of all his facul- ties, and in perfect health, after fpending that day in his favorite diverfion, fifhing. This nobleman married in 1743, whilft in Holland, Conftantia, daughter of Aubert, baron deKruy- ningin, in Zealand, who died June 15, 1761 *, The iiTue of this marriage was four children. i, Thomas '" The late lord vifcount Hampden, with a modefly al- Wft peculiar, finding that he could not make any vault or L 3 grave i 5 o MEMOIRS OF THE UUM.X. i. Thomas, born in Holland, who was mem- Trevor- ber for Lewis, in the laft parlement, and upon SKaT^ the death of his father, fucceeded him in the titles lord vTfc!" 1 of vifcount Hampden, and lord Trevor. His lordfhip married Catherine, only child of major- general Grasme, of Braco-caftle, in North Britain. Highf hon. 2. John, who has been fome time envoy ex- dtn, e?. ' quity,&c. the Stuarts, as fir Henry Hammond expe- rienced great feverity from king Charles I. for his freedom of fpeech in that monarch's third parlement *. Robert Hammond, efq. who married the Co i. Robert patriot's daughter, was the fon, and probably whTmT.' the eldeft, of dr. John Hammond, phyfician to patriot Henry prince of Wales; he was the intimate Daughter, & friend of the celebrated Oliver Cromwell, Oliver iori protestor. afterwards lord protestor, by whom his rela- The Temples are a. numerous family. A near relation to thefe Hammonds, was the loyal colonel Hammond, of Kent, a colceflrian cavalier, afterwards governor of the caflle of Gowran, under the marquis of Ormond, who by the mu- tiny of the ganifon, was obliged to furrender up his truft, and was ftiamefully (hot by the great Cromwell, then lord governor of Ireland, though he had promifed him his life. John Hammond, of Ellingham, in the county of Norfolk, was fined loool. by the parlement, for his delinquency. * Wiilis in his not. parlementaria, does not give fir Henry Hammond, knt. as a member of parlement, but we muft fuppofe that he was returned upon the death or re- moval of fome other member In that parlement. Sir Thomas Hammond, knt. fat in the reign of king James I. more than in one parlemen*. tion, , 5 4 MEMOIRS OF THE VM. xi. tion, the patriot Hampden, was perfuaded to H^I^il ive Mai T> his youngeft daughter. Robert COL R.^rt wa s always prejudiced againft king Charles I. Hammond, vrho mar. anc j fa marriage entirely confirmed it ; the Kutn, the ?,* triot , . parlement raifed him to the rank of a colonel, HampJen s 1 Sufin'o'o? anc ^ appointed him governor of the ifle of u.p.outtur. \yight, where he was at the time that king Charles I. made his efcape from the army, and fled to this ifle; fir John Alriburnham, the royal fugitive's conductor, acquainted him where his majefty was, and befought protection for the wretched monarch, without previoufly obtaining his promife for his fafety, which his majeity no fooner knew, than he exclaimed, Oh, Jack, thou haft undone me !' Sir John offered to go down and put the governor to death, who was waiting below, but this the unhappy king, as knowing his enemies would have faid, that he had lent for him on purpofe to deftroy him, would not permit, faying, he would fubmit to his deftiny. The colonel immediately difpatched a meflfenger to the parlement, acquainting them where the king was, and that he waited their commands to know how he ihould difpofe of his perfon; the parlement, who had been in the utmoft alarm, HAMMONDS. 155 alarm, when they heard of the royal captive's NUM. xi efcape, were fo well pleafed, that they voted Hammonds, him to have the charge of his majefty, and ^mmon"! prefented him for his fidelity to them, one J^ h h r ; thoufand pounds in money, and five hun- nlmpden'* dred pounds per annum in land, and allowed cool?S)Ji. him twenty pounds a week, for fupplying his ' prot< prifoner's table. The army grandees were not more ftudious to pleafe him, as they were fearful that he might be tempted by fome royal grants, to at leaft, connive at the king's flight. Oliver Cromwell wrote him the moft obliging letters, as knowing how much now depended upon htm ; he put him in mind, by his excefs of tendernefs, of their long and uninterrupted friendfhip ; certainly his fituation was now moft important, and his de- claring himfelf, of the greateft confequence ; for had he freed the king from captivity, had he tranfported him to France, which he might with eafe have done, no reward could fcarce have been equal to the fervice ; therefore, honors and emo- luments were, no doubt, at his command ; and he might render the parlement or army, the greateft kindnefs or injury, by declaring for either of 156 M E M O I R S O F T H E KUM. xi. of them in qppofition to the other, but he Hammonds, feems to have aimed at what he thought the Hammond? line of duty ; the king had put himfclf into Rpth, dr.' of his hands without any promife of proteftion ; Hampden, he was, therefore, he thought, not bound to to Oliver, give him liberty ; the parlement had appointed him to the government of the ifland, and after- wards to the king's perfon, and had rewarded him for his zeal in their fervice ; he therefore determined to continue faithful to their intereft. The peculiarity of his fituation made his office difagreeable, and he gave but little fa- tisfadion to any in it ; the friends of the mif- guided prince thought he treated him with great feverity, and have even pretended, that he endeavoured to deftroy him ; on the con- trary, the republicans reflected upon him as too much compafiionating fallen majefly ; the truth appears to be, that until the king en- deavoured to efcape, he treated him with great tendernefs, but ever afterwards with an excefs of caution, fitting up often himfelf all night, doubling the guards, and fending away all that the king confided in, not permitting his own brother, the king's chaplain, to remain. Perhaps, H A M M O N D S. 157 Perhaps, had he known what would have been NUM. xr. his prilbner's fate, he would have fet him at Hammonds, liberty when he firft came into his power, as he Hammond', does not feem quite fatisfied with the park- Ruth!', of . the patriot ment s ordering him up to London, to be Hampdcn, and coulm tried as a criminal, at the command of the t Oliver, lord protcft. foldiery, and for that reafon was averfe to de- liver up his charge to colonel Harriibn ; but rinding his own garriibn difpofed to it, he, with fome reluctance, complied. After the king's decapitation, he accompa- nied his relation Oliver Cromwell (afterwards protestor) to Ireland, by whom he was left at Dublin, with the tide of one of the parlement commiflioners - 3 in which fituation he remained till his death*, which happened October 245 1654, occafioned by a violent fever ; his re- mains were depofited with great funeral pomp in that city, the fecond of november following. It is moft probable, that he left by the patriot's daughter fome family : his widow re-married to fir John Hobart, of Blickling, bart. *' A Robert Hammond, of Reading, efq. v/as returned for that borough in the parlement called by the prote$or Oliver, in 1654, who, it is reafonable Co fupDofe, was the patriot';, fon-in,-laWj though then in Ireland. The I5 8 MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. XL The Hobarts are of ancient defcent in the county of Norfolk ; fir John Hobart, knight of the bath, was attorney-general and privy- counfellor to king Henry VII. and ranked by opfniTns.'" Fuller amongft his worthies ; the great grand- sir Henry fon of whom was fir Henry Hobart, created a H " bart ' lft U U 1 T T r L 1 ban. baronet by king James I. in 16 n he was the ninth in precedency ; he filled various depart- ments in the law with fmgular credit, and died lord-chief-juftice of the common-pleas, and was alio constituted one of the firft governors of the charter-houfe : his death happened de- cember 26, 1625 ; his fucceflbr was fir John Hobart, bart. who was one of the reprefenta- tives for the county of Norfolk, in the long- parlement, and was one of the oppofers of king Charles I.'s arbitrary meafures, but was fo much averfe to trying his fovereign, that he was one of the fecluded members in 1648. A SirMyhs brother of his was fir Myles Hobart, knighted brother'of ' at Salifbury, auguft 8, 1623, and made a knight the firft, and - fatherofthc of the bath in i6ic : he was imprifoned in the fccond bajt. year 1628-9, w ^ tn others, for forcibly holding the fpeaker of the houfe of commons in ^the chair, and locking the doors, to prevent the parlement's being difiblved, before they had publilhed' H O B A R T S. i;<* publifried a proteftation, declaring, that f who- NETVI. xi. * ever fhould bring in innovation of religion, Ho! , tr , s . * or by favor, or countenance, feek to extend ' or introduce popery and arminianifm, or dif- * agreeing from the truth and orthodox church, ' fhall be reputed a capital enemy to this king- ' dom and commonwealth. 2. Whoever fhall ' counfcl or advife the taking and levying of ' the fubfidies of tonnage and poundage, not * granted by parlemenr, or fhall be an actor or * inftrument therein, fhall be likewife reputed ' an innovator in the government, and capital * enemy to the kingdom and commonwealth, ' 3< If any merchant, or perfon whatfoever, ' (hall voluntarily yield or pay the faid fubfi- ' dies of tonnage and poundage, not being e granted by parlement, he fhall likewife be ' reputed a betrayer of the liberties of .Eng- ' land, and an enemy to the fame.' Sir Myles did not regain his liberty until 1631 ; and his death, which followed not long after, was.occa- fioned by the blows his keeper, Richard Plum- ley, efq. gave him, and for which, it is faid, Plumley was made admiral of the irilh feas : his memory was fo grateful to the patriots, that in 1646, a vote palled the houfe of commons,. 3 > i6o MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. xi. to pay his children 5000!. as fome recommence Hobans, for the fufferings he had endured by this feve- i^tt. rity. The eldeft fon of this fir Myles Hobart, by Sufan, the daughter of fir John Peyton, bart. was -i ' ,;-.'- sir John Sir John Hobart, bart. who married the pa- Hobart, 2 d bart.coofin triot's daughter, the widow of colonel Ham- by marriage tooi'veria. rnondj he w r as created knight of the bath, and protestor, & tne fecond baronet of his family, by the death of his uncle of both his names, without iffue, and with that title he became poffeffed of a noble patrimony, part of which was Blickling manor, purchafed by the firft baronet, who built upon it a magnificent feat. Like his father and uncle, he was by no means pleafed with arbitrary power, but he was equally averfe to a republic ; his aim was to fee monarchy limited by law : thefe were the fentiments of the county of Nor- folk, which returned him a member of parlement in 1654. But intereft and honor are powerful motives -, they change our thoughts, however feemingly fixed : he, who had oppofed as much as poffible, the cromwelian intereft, no fooner allied himfelf to that family, than he foriook his former ideas, and became ftrenuous for and at- tached I H O B A R T S. 161 tached to the new fovereign*. This conduct, NUM. X however, did not work any alteration in his re- lations, or in his conftituents, who had fhewed him peculiar regard, for they difgufted with his alliance, openly reproached him with having married c the king's gaoler's widow, who was not * worth a groat ; which, if fo, was a proof of * Several of the Hobarts continued eminently loyal dur- ing the whole of the interregnum ; amongft whom, was Ed- mund Hobart, of Holt, in Norfolk, gent, defcended from, fir Henry Hobart, lord chief-juftice of the common-pleas, who intended to have effected an infurreclion in favor of the exiled king, in concert with fome of the gentlemen of his county; but the plan not fucceeding, he was obliged to fecret himfelf three days, upon the top of a currier's houfe, in Holt, where the fuel was kept, and with difficulty efcaped to London, where he hired himfelf to an honeft loyul ftioe- maker, with whoaft he worked till the reRoration. He once was near being difcovered by the wife of one of Oli- ver's colonels, from the whitcnefs of his hands ; me tellirjg~ him * thofe hands have not been ufed to .fhoemaker's wax, perhaps,' continued (lie, ' you miybefomerogifh cavalier / to whom he pertinently replied, ' I muft confefs to your good ladyfhip, that I am an idle fellow, for which reafon my matter employs me in carrying out work.' Upon king Charles II. 's return, he took his mauer from Turn-ftylc, Holborn, to his feat at Holt, and maintained him there as long as he lived. John Hobart, cHj. returned member for the city of Norfolk in Oliver's parlemcnts, called in 1653, an< ^ 1656, and Richards in 1658-9 , was a {worn enemy ' to the protectorate and godly party.' Vol. II. M colonel i6* MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. xi colonel Hammond's virtue j but the grant the H]^^ parlementhad made him, as well as the riches of sir j-.hu the Hammonds feems to forbid a belief to this Hobart, zd bart. &*. poverty ; the protedtor, however, amply made up for any deficiency of fortune ; and though many, perhaps rnoft of the freeholders of the county of Norfolk, were difpleafed with him, yet the fup- port of the fovereign, aided by his own intereft, procured him again to be returned their member in the parlement, aflembled in 1656*: the follow- ing year, he was called up to the protector's houfe of lords, but after the reiteration, he again defcended to that of the commons , and in the three laft parlements in the reign of king Charles II. he was likewife one of the reprefentatives for that county which had formerly chofen him. He had the honor to entertain his majefly king Charles II. at his feat of Blickling. By Ruth, the patriot's daughter, he had three fons, and two daughters. children of i- Sir Henry Hobart, the third baronet, of fir Jn. Ho- . . barf, 2d bt. whom below,. Sir Henry Hobart, jd 2. John Hobart, of Great-Plumftead, in Nor- fcm, e fq. folk, efq. he rofe to the rank of brigadier general, * Sir John Hobart, bart. married colonel Hammond's widow, between the years 1654 and 1656. and H O R A R T S. 163 and was governor of Pendennis caftle, in the NUM - XI - county of Cornwall ; and dying, november 7, Hobarts. 1734, was buried at Blickling. 3. Thomas Hobart, efq. of Lincoln's-inn, Thomas ,. , , , . Hobart, eC* died a bachelor. 4. Philippa, who became the firft lady of fir Phii; PP a, Charles Pye, bart. by whom fhe had no ifTue. charies Pye.bart. 5. Mary, who never married. Mary. Sir Henry Hobart, the third baronet, was sir Henry Hobart, 3d knighted by king Charles II. at the time his ma- b jefty honored fir Henry's with a vifit at Blickling. He was member of parlement in the twenty-third year of that reign, for Lynn-Regis, and was one of the county members for Norfolk at the re- volution, and concurring in that change, king "William preferred him to be general of the horfc, and in that capacity he was ii. the battle of the Boyne, which determined the fate of Ireland; in the feventh year of this reign, he was re- turned again to reprefent his own county in par- lement. Mod unhappily fir Henry prematurely loft his life in a duel with Oliver Le Neve, efq. occa- fioned by fome words, which came from the latter ; this misfortune happened in 169.7, for which the M 2 victor !6 4 M E M O i R S O F T H E NUM. xi. victor was tried, and found guilty of manflaughter ; S^H^HC- fir Henry's body was buried at Thetford. The nation loft a true patriot, and mod amiable charac- ter by his death. He married the eldeft daughter and co-heirefs of John Maynard, efq. fon and heir of fir John Maynard, knt. one of the commif- fioners of the great feal, in the reign of king William III. Lady Hobart re-married to Henry Howard, brother to George earl of Suffolk , this lady died of a confumption, anguft 22, 1701 ; by fir Henry. (he had one fon, and three daughters. sirjn.Ho- i. Sir John Hobart, fourth baronet, created & ifteariof earl of Buckinghammire ; whofe life appears in Bucking. haralhire. the following pagCS. Henrietta, 2. Henrietta, who became countefs to Charles married to Charles earl ear i o f Suffolk ; his lordfhip died at Bath, fep- ofSuflblk. tember 28, 1733: flie furvived him, and died fo late as 1767, aged 86 i their only child was Henry earl of Suffolk, who married may 13, J 733> Sarah, fole daughter and heir of Thomas Trevin, cfq. member of parlement for the bo- rough of South wick , his lordmip died april 22, 1745, without iffue. His countefs re-married to lord vifcount Falkland. 3. Catherine, H O B A R T S. x65 3. Catherine was married to lieutenant Charles NUM. xi. Churchill, member of parlement forCaftle-Rifing Hobans. in Norfolk, colonel of the tenth regim-nt ofdra- married to r , . n i lieut. ChaS' goons, one or the grooms to his late majeity, and churchin. governor of Plymouth ; he died at Bath, april 27, 1745. 4 Dorothy, who never married. Dorothy, John, earl of Buckinghamfhire, was born john,firft in the year 1692, fucceeded by his father's foghSiw death to the title of baronet ; may 28, 1728, twu he was created baron Hobart, of Blickling, in the county of Norfolk; and, feptember 5, 1746, earl of Buckinghamfhire : his lordmip held many moft honorable places and employments, for he was a captain of the band of gentlemen penfioners, lord lieutenant and cuftos rotulorum and vice admiral of Norfolk, a member of the privy council, and created a knight of the bath ; he died feptember 22, 1756, having twice married, firft, Judith, daughter of Robert Britiffe, of Baconflhorpe, in Norfolk, efq. by whom he had three fons and five; daughters ; me died february 7, 1727, upon which his lordmip re-married on the fame day the year following, Elizabeth, Hfter of Robert Erik tow, efq. by whom he had two fons, i. Henry, died an infant, Henry. M 3 2. John, MEMOIRS OF THE 2. John, lecond earl of Buckinghamfhire. b ert > ^o ^ ec * ma y 8 J 733> * n tnc y ear f his age. Dorothy, 4. Dorothy, me married to Charles Hotham, married 10 charies e fq. colonel of the firft regiment of foot guards, Hoiham, ef. and aid-de-camp to general Ligonier ; the colonel was eldeil fon of Beaumont Hotham, efq. com- miffioner of the cuftoms. The right 5. George, which name he received from his lion. George Hobart, el* royal godfather, his late majefty ; he was member for St. Ives, in the park ment called in 1754, and for Beer-altlon in the late and prefent parlement. He married in may, 1757, Albania, daughter of lord Vere Bertie, fon of Robert, duke of Ancaf- ter, by whom he has two Tons, one born march 3, 1758, the other may 5, 1760. The right 6. Henry, who married auguft i, 1761, the Hobart^efq. eldeft daughter of John Briftow, efq. member of parlement for Arundel. John, the John, the fecond, and prefent earl of Bucking- ad earl of . % Bucking, hammire, was born in 1722 ; he was, during the fiammire, *nd 5 thbt. Jate lord's life time, comptroller of his majefty's houfhold, and member of the houfe of commons forNorwichj and fmce then his lord (hip has held HOBART S. 167 held feveral great places, and is one of his ma- NTJM.XI. jefty's moft honorable privy council : July 14, j^^P" 1761, he married Mary-Ann, daughter of fir J'; !in ', th ; ' . 2d earl f Thomas Drury, bart. with whom he had a fortune of 50,000!. me dying in January, 1769; in the following year, he re-married mil's Conally : the iffue of the firii marriage was a fon and two daugh- ters ; all of whom died young : and by the pre- fent countefs, the earl has had three fons and a daughter, but unhappily all of them have alfo died in their infancy. Upon the death of the prefent earl, without iffue, the titles of earl of Buckingham (hire, and baronet, will defcend to his lordfhip's half brother, the right honorable George Hobart, efq. or his defcendant ; the prefent earl enjoys a very ample fortune from the baronet Ellys* j and John Hamp- den, of Great-Hampden, efq. the laft male heir of that family, has intailed his eftates, amounting to 3,000!. per annum, to the Hobarts, earls of Buckinghamfhire, in failure of heirs in the late lord vifcount Hampden's family. * The hiftory of this faraily of Hobart is taken from Collins and Jacobs peerages, hiflories of England, Thurloe's date papers, Rudder's hiftory of Gloucefter, lift of delin- quents. &c. &c. M 4 No. XII. 168 MEMOIRS OF THE No. XII. We hijlory of the Whalley family^ allied to the protectorate houfe of Cromwell, by the marriage of Frances, daughter of fir Henry Cromwell, knt. to Richard Wh alley, efq. and particularly of colonel Edward Whalley, a defendant of that marriage, who was one of king Charles L's judges, a major -general, and one of Oliver's lords. 1 !^L 1 ' HpHE Whalleys arc of great antiquity; whaiieys. X their arms arc three whales heads, fable, Whalley family. erafed, two and one, creft, a bird's head. There was - Whalley, efq. who lived in the reign of king Henry VI.* two of whofe fons were - and Gilbert ; the eldeft left Richard, his fon and heir, who, by Elizabeth his wife, left only a daughter, named Joan ; wherefore, by his will, dated in the firft year of the reign of king Richard III. he ordered his feoffees, fir Gervas Clifton, fir John Babington, knt. * John Whalley was flicriff of the counties of Derby and Nottingham, 24 Edward III. for five years, as he was again 29 of the fame king's reign ; probably he was of the fame family as this, whofe hiftory is here attempted. Thomas W H A L L E Y S. 169 Thomas Leek, efq. Richard Whalley, prieft, NUM.XII. and George Whalley, gentleman, to afiign over wh.ikvs. his manor of Darlafton, in Staffordihire, to his widow, for her life ; and after her death, to his daughter and heirefs, Joan j but he gave all his lands in Lancafhire to the fons of his uncle Gilbert, mentioned above, which they did. Richard Whalley, efq. who appears to be Richard Whalley, the eldeft fon of Gilbert, a minor at the time ef( i' of his coufm Richard's death, was, the ninth year of king Henry VII. 's reign, pafled over by fir Henry Willoughby, his ward, to Tho- mas Leek, of Kirkton, which rnr. Leek, with Jane his wife, had covenanted fo early as 18 of king Edward IV.'s reign, to marry Eliza- beth, their daughter and heir, to this Richard Whalley, efq. who is called of Darlafton -, the eldeft fon and heir of this marriage was, Thomas Whalley, efq. who feated himfelf at Kirkton, in the county of Nottingham, ef * which came from the Leeks and Kirktons, whofe feat it had been, and continued to be that of the Whalleys for feveral defcents: he married Elizabeth, the daughter of John Shelly, , 7 o MEMOIRS OF THE fluvxii. Shelly, of Woodborough, in that county, by Whangs, whom he had, Richni Richard Whalley, efq. his fon and heir, alfo xuuiiey, f eate j at Kirkton, who was member of parlc- ment for Scarborough, i Edward VI. i of Mary I. for Eafl-Grinfled, and firft and fecond of Philip and Mary for the county of Notting- ham*: he was a man of great opulence, and added much to the fortunes of his anceftors ; " but this was chiefly the patrimony of the church. In the thirty-fecond year of the reign of king Henry VIII. he had licence from that monarch to purchafe of Robert Dighton, Hard- wick, Grange, and Wood, with all its appur- tenances, in Ofberton, Hardwicke, and Work- fop, in which was included the priory of Work- fop, and the fcite of the abbey of Walbeck ; king Henry VIII. in his thirty -feventh year, granted him Sibthorpe college; and queen Elizabeth, July 3, in her third year, granted him the dimefnes and manors of Whatton, Hawkefvvorth, and Taunton, with the advow- * There was a Robert Whalley, eTq. returned, for the county of Nottingham, 2 and 3 of Philip and Mary. Query, what relation was this to the above Richard, or is not Robert inferted for Richard. fon W H A L L E Y S. X?I fon and rectory of Hawkefworth, late belonging NUM XTT. to fir Maurice Dcnus, knt. he alfo obtained \^^T part of the lordlhip of Willouo-hby, and other Diehard Wh alley, lands, in the county of Nottingham. He ef i- married thrice ; his firft wife was Lora, daugh- ter of Thomas Brookman ; his fecond was Ur- fula ; and his third Barbara, who furviving him, re-married to Burwell, who fhe alfo outlived, and built two magnificent tombs for thefe her hufbands, mr. Whalley's at Stretton, and mr. Burwell's at Sibthorp ; the former is of alabafter, and very coftly ; it exhibits his effigies recumbent, very long beard, hands raifed together, his head refting upon his creft, and his feet upon a whale ; in three compart- ments, above his figure, are his firft wife, with four children ; the fecond, his wife Urfula, with eleven : and the third has his laft wife, with four j fo that he had nineteen children bj the three : round the verge of the alter ftonc js, f Here lyeth Ric. Whaley, efq. who lived ' all the age of 84 yeares, & ended this life c the 23 of november, 1583 ,' at the weft end is T. W. fhield of arms and creft, and the effi- gies of his eldeft ion, kneeling -, round the top is 17* M EMOI RS O F THE NUM.XII. is the initials of his wives names, L. W. V. W. whaiieys. and B. W. with thefe lines beneath ; Whiley, Behold his wives were number three, e %- Two of them died in right good fame, The third this tomb ere&cd flaee, For him that well deferv'd the fame. Both for his Ufa and godly end, W ch all that knew muft needs cornend, Since time brings all things to an end ; And they y 1 know not yet may fee, A worthy Whalley loe was he. The children of the three marriages are not given, except Thomas, the eldeft fon, by his firft wife-, William, the heir of the fecond, who married Barbara, the filter of his eldeft brother Thomas's wife, by whom he had an only daughter, who took one moiety of the lordfhip of Willoughby to the family of Yar- borough, and three of his daughters, one of whom became the lady of fir John Zouch, of Codnor; another to a Bellingham j a third to John Nevill, of Grove, who was fervant to the great duke of Somerfet, and on whofe account he himfelf fuffered imprifonment in the Tower j this Nevill had confiderable grants of lands belonging W H A L L E Y 9. 173 belonging to the fupprefled religious houies : NUM.XII. the other children of mr. Whalley obtained whaiieys. moft refpedable alliances. Thomas Whalley, efq. the eldeft fon, and JJJ^J". heir of Richard, by his firft wife : he married ef * Elizabeth, on e of the two daughters and co- heirs of Henry Hatfield, of Willoughby, efq. by Alice, one of the eight fillers and co-heirs of fir John Hatfield, knt. which Elizabeth was given to him in marriage by fir John Hercy, of Grove, uncle to John Nevill, of the fame place, mentioned a little before ; but which Alice re-marrying to Markham, by whom having a fon, none of Hercy's inheritance came to .the Hatfields. Mr. Whalley died the year before his father, leaving, by Elizabeth his wife, feveral ions and daughters, viz. i. Rich- ard, who married the protector Oliver's aunt. .2.. Walter Whalley, D. D. educated at Pem- broke-Hall. 3. Thomas, educated in Trinity college, both in Cambridge ; he died a batche- lor, the fixth of the nones of may, 1637. 4. John, who alfo died unmarried, the fourth of the ides of June, 1638, both of whom are buried at Screveton, in the fouth ayle of which church is a grave- ij4 MEMOIRS OF THE NUM.XII. a grave Hone, to protect their remains. 5. Elea- wh.iit-yi. nor, who married Thomas Draper, of Flintham, by whom fhe had a fon, Richard Draper, who married the widow of Thomas Whalley, the elded grandfon of this Thomas, and feveral other daughters. Richard Richard Whalley, efq. the uncle by marriage efq.vmJie to the protector Oliver, fucceeded his grand- or.-.- lord father of his names; he was a member in the prote&or. parlement called in the forty-third year of queen Elizabeth's reign, for Boroughbridge, and was Iheriff of the county of Nottingham, and ferved that ornce with greater date than any of his pre- deceffors. Unfortunately he involved himielf in many law-fuits, which, though he was a peribn of the bed capacity, and fedulous in bufinefs, much leffened his fortune when in the decline of life, fo that notwithstanding he had added fome eftates to thofe kft him by his grandfather, yet he was obliged to part with many more. Queen Eliza- beth permitted him and William Whaiiey, gentle- man, to allienate the houfe and fcite of the mo- naftry of Wei beck, by the name of the manor of Welbeck and the two granges Sellers and Hurft, and the grange of Gledthorpe, and the manor of 2 Norton, W H A L L E Y S. 175 Norton, and the grange called Hard wicke Grange, NtiM.xn. to Edward Oiborne, citizen and cloth worker, of wh a ii, ys . Rtc. WhaU London, and having firft mortgaged, was obliged ley, efq. uncle by to fell the lordfhip of Sibthorpe, with other lands "r. to 01?. Id.prouftor. in Canolfton, Hawkefworth, and Fiintham, which were only a collateral fecurity with Sibthorpe ; nor were thefe, though very great, the only facri- fices he made. He had three wives, Ann, daugh- ter of George Horfley, of Digfwell ; hisfecond, was Frances, daughter of fir Henry Cromwell, of Hinchinbrooke, knt. grandfather of the protector Oliver ; and the third, was Jane, daughter of Stirap, who re-married to Edward Coleby : mr. Whalley had only iliiie by the fecond, the protector's aunt; who were Thomas; Edward, one of king Charles I. 's judges, and Henry, the the judge advocate ; whofe hiftories will be given when we have gone through the eldeft branch. Thomas Whalley, efq. who died in the life- Thom " Whalley, time of his father-, he married Mary, daughter of ef( i-. firft *-^ cculin to fir Thomas Penifton, knt. who re^married to Richard Draper efq. by whom fhe had Whalley Draper, married to Robert Butler, the parents of a fon of both their names. Mr. Thomas Whalley, had only three children, Penifton Whalley, efq. of 176 MEMOIRS OF THE NUM.XII. of whom prefently ; Martha, who died un- w^Z married, in 1624; and Elizabeth, married to William Ayloft, of Bafmgbourne, efq. by whom fhe had no child. Peniflon Whalley, of Screveton, efq. born * n J ^ 2 4 J who, as a minor at his grandfather's 'lord ^ eatn ' was unc ^ er waf d to his relation, Richard Draper, efq. he was iufpecled in 1654, of dif- affection to Oliver the protector, for which he was ordered up to London, and underwent an examination , but as nothing appeared againft him, he was fet at liberty } however, it occa- fioned his exclufion from parlement in 1656, at which time he was one of the reprefentatives for the county of Nottingham j but, in the following year, he fo far regained his high- nefs's good opinion, that he was appointed one of the commiflioners of afTefThnent for his own county ; at that time he lived in a very elegant manner, keeping his coach j he fur- vived the reftoration, and pleading the hard- fhips he had fuffered for the royal caufe ; he was fet down in the catalogue of thofe who were to have been created a knight of the royal oak, at which time his eftate was eftimated at 1200!. W H A L L E Y S. 177 1200!. per annum, which was but inconfiderable NUM.XII. to what his anceftors had enjoyed, and even he \\haiicys. himlelf began life with -, but this that was left ^'Jj^ foon dwindled away to nothing : his moiety of ^ c r rnove Willoughby, he fold to fir William Willoughby. ^a e r r . ld< But all his facrifices could not keep him from a prifon j for he died in London, confined for debt, attributing all his misfortunes as happening from rhe judgment of heaven, for his cruelty to mr. John James of Exeter college, Oxford, the . ejecled minifter of Flintham, in Nottinghamfhire, as he himfelfexpreffed, in a letter he wrote to that unfortunate gentleman, declaring himfelf guilty of a great crime, in having been his enemy, and owning that the hand of God was 'juftly upon him * for it.' Penifton married Margaret, daughter and fole heir of George Ireland, eldeft fon and heir of fir John Ireland, of Beaufey, near Warring- ton, knt. the feat of the Butlers, in Lancafhire, de- fcended of an ancient family, feated at Hut, in that county, and dying in October 1669, aged 76, was buried at Screveton, where his daughter, mrs. Whalley, laid down a grave (lone ; in the in- fcription upon which, his loyalty is mentioned : fhe, herfelf, died feptember 10, 1675. Theifliie of Penifton by this lady, was only two daughters and co-heirs ; Elizabeth, born in 1654, and mar- Vol. II, N ried tT $ MEMOIRS OF THE NUM.XII. ricd the reverend Thomas Hall, appointed rector \vi iic-ys. f Screveton, in 1674; and Margaret, born in Whaiiey, 1656, anil was living, and unmarried, in 1 072. I ft coufiu one irniove to Oliver ld Having taken the eldefl branch of this family, I now return to Edward, the fecond fon of Rich- ard Whalley, efq. by Frances, aunt to the protec- tor Oliver. gdw.wiui- Edward Whalley, efq. was brought up to mer- ]<:y, efq. o.ieofking chandize-, Heath fays, he was put apprentice to a Charles i.'s judges, woollen-draper: fome other writer calls him a a tnaj.-grn* oifwifrd Broken clothier; a thing almoft impoffible, when io?d!fto' S tne g ra ndeur and wealth of his family and father IwTrft* * s considered : another writer, no more a friend than Heath to him, acknowledges that he was a .merchant ; fo that we may fuppofe this one of the many mifreprefentations of that virulent writer. Whether he was actually engaged in traffic at the commencement of the civil wars is uncer- tain, but no fooner did the quarrel between king Charles and his parlement blaze our, than he (though in the middle age of life) took up arms in defence of the liberty of the fubjcct ; and this in oppofuion to the fentiments of his neareft rela- "tions probably his religious opinions determined him, W H A L L E Y S. 179 him as much, or more, than any other confidera- NUM.XI, tion-, and though the ufuage of arms muft be whiiieys. new to him, yet he early diftinguimed himfelf in E **, cyj the parlement iervice, in many fieges and battles, 5ctou but in none more than in the battle of Nafeby, in c * Jd es> 1645, in which he charged and entirely defeated two divifions of Langdale's horfe, though fup- ported by prince Rupert, who commanded the referve; for which the parlement, January 2i> 1645-6, voted him to be a colonel of horfe ; and may 9, in the following year, they gave him the thanks of the houfe, and jool. to purchafe two horfes, for his brilliant action at Banbury, which he took by ftorm, and afterwards marched to Worcefter, which city iurrendered to him, July 33, following. February 3, 1647, the commons granted him for his arrears, at the rate of fifteen \ears pur- chafe, the manor of Flaw borough*, part of the eftate of the marquis, afterwards duke of New- caftle, the annual rent of which was 410!. 2s. the overplus of the value after fatisfying the arrears, to be paid into the treafury. * Mr. Whalley pretended that the marquifs of Newcaftle'c father had purchaied it of his father for a fmall part of its value. N 2 Cromwell i go MEMOIRS OF THE NUM.XII. Cromwell confided fo much in him, that he whaiieys. committed the perfon of the king to his care ; the ley^. a " loyalifts have charged him with feverity to his chaiies i.'s royal prifoner, but the monarch himfelf in a letter he left behind him, when he made his efcape, fully exculpates him from that charge. It is generally fuppofed that his majefty did not effecl: an efcape through his inattention, but that he was led to attempt a flight, by his and Cromwell's contri- vance, having frightened the king with an idea that his perfon was not fafe in the army ; Charles himfelf indeed fays, that that was not the caie, but it appears to be fo. He did not always, however, give the king fatisfaclion, for when captain Sayers, June 12, 1647, waited upon his majefty, to give him back the enfigns of the order of the garter, belonging to the late prince of Orange, the king's walking backwards and forwards along the room, with mr. Sayers, it raifed the jealoufly of mr. Whalley, who did not approve of this conference ; he there- fore interpofed : upon which the exafperated monarch puflied him away with both his hands, and in indignation of the affront, raifed his cane to the colonel's head, but did not ftrike him : loift W H A L L E Y S. 181 lord Clarendon, who relates this, adds, that NUM.XII. the army were far from being difpleafed at his ^v^i^T majefty's conduct:, in punifhing his infolence. w ^ haU Chark: l.'s He was the abjecl: tool of Cromwell's am- jutl ^ es ' &c ' bition, perhaps without his own knowledge, who employed him in carrying all the petitions of the army to the parlement, to prepare them for the tragic death of the king, one of whofe judges he was, and the warrant for whofe exe- cution he figned. At the battle of Dunbar, fought feptember 3, 1650., he, with Monk, commanded the foot, and greatly contributed to completely defeat the fcotch army j Cromwell left him in Scot- land, with the rank of commifiary-general, and gave him the command of four regiments of horfe, with which he performed many ac- tions that gained him great honor. He continued a fteady friend to his coufin Oliver, after he had raifed himfelf to the fove- reignty, and was entrufted by him with the government of the counties of Lincoln, Not- tingham, Derby, Warwick, and Leicefter, by N 3 the ,8t MEMOIRS OF THE UUM.XU. the name of major-general; an important office, T^^T in which he was fo affiduous, that, as he him- Edw.whai- f e if f a y Sj he did not leave a vagrant in a whole chariest county : ne was on e of the reprefentatives Judges, &c. or Nottinghamshire, in the parlements held in 1654 and 1656; the protector made him commifTary-general for Scotland, and called him up to his other houfe. This laft honor was fo acceptable to him, and he was fo fond of it, that it betrayed him into fome improprieties ; colonel Afhfield hav- ing fpoke very difcontently of this new houfe, in a conference with him in Weftminfter-hall, it fo much hurt him, that he even threatened to cane the colonel, who fetting him at defi- ance, was, inftead of a baftinadoing, com- plained of to the protector, who fo highly va- lued his relation, as to tell the colonel, that unlefs he afked pardon, he would calhier him for fpeaking difrefpectfully to his fuperior of- ficer ; but he petitioning, that he might have a fair hearing, the protector conlented to it j at leaft, he permitted him to fay what he pleafed before fuch officers as he could depend upon, who adjudged him to acknowledge his; W H A L L E Y S. 183 /auk, and afk pardon of my lord W bailey, but NUMXI this the ftubborn colonel abiblutely refufed. whaii . Edw.Whal- Icy, efq. He was looked upon with jealoufy by the SSSi -parlement, after the refignation of Richard the ***** protector ; efpccially, as he leaned fo much to the interefr of the army ; for this reafon, when the rump was reftored, they took from him his commiffion j this ftill endeared him the more to the army, who, when Monk's condud began to be problemical, deputed him one of theij- commiflioners to agree to terms of peace and amity with that in Scotland ; but Monk, who knew his hatred to the royal family, and how much jeafon he had to dread their return, ab- folutely refufed to treat with him. The reiteration of monarchy loon after be- coming vifible, lie law the danger of his folia- tion j for, befides the lofs of the eftate he pof- fefied of the duke of Ncwcaftle, and the ma- nors of Weft-Walton and Torrington, in the county of Norfolk, part of queen Henrietta- Maria's jointure, which he had purchafed, and whatever elfe eftate he had, he knew even his life would be offered up to the fhrine of that N 4 kin !g 4 M E M O I R S O F T H E NUM.XII. king who he had condemned to death j he whln^T therefore prudently retired to the continent ; 22, 1660, a proclamation was pub- > Tetting forth, that he had left the king- judges, &c. ( omj b ut as t h ere was g rea t reafon to fup- that he was returned, icol. was offered to any who fhould difcover him in any of the britilh dominions, and caufe him to be brought in alive or dead, if he made any refiftance* : finding it impofiible to remain longer in the ifland, he finally withdrew himfelf, and fortu- nately again efcaped to the continent, and was at Lucerne, in Switzerland, in 1664 ; leaving that place, as thinking himfelf too much ex- pofed to the fury of an enraged enemy, he privately wandered about, a wretched exile, for fome years, and died in a foreign clime j but when, or where, is unknown. His valour and military knowledge were confefTedly great ; his religious fentiments wild and enthufiaftic ; from a merchant's counter, to rife to fo many and fo high offices in the ftate, and to conduct himfelf with .propriety in them, fufficiently * Colonel GofTe, another of the king's judges, \vas in-; eluded in this proclamation, in exaftly the faipe manner a$ mr. Whalley, evinces, W H A L L E Y S. 185 evinces, that he had good abilities ; nor is his NCM.XU. honefty queftioned by any, which, as one of whaiieys. the king's judges, and a major-general, would j ey w ' el '" ! lay him open to a very narrow fcrutiny. Sir chwie, r? Philip Warwick does not feem to do him JLdgts ' *' juftice, when he calls him ' a ridiculous pha- ( natic, as well as a crack-brained fellow, ' though he was,' continues the knight, c a ( gentleman of good family :' however ridi- culous he was in his religious fentiments, there are no reafons to fuppofe his head other- wife difordered, The major-general married the filler of fir George Middleton, knt. who was as great an enemy to king Charles I. as he was a friend to king Charles II.* by whom he had feveral chil- * Sir George Middleton, knt. though one of the fervants of king Charles I. efpoufed the parlement intereft, and was made captain of a troop of horfe, not valuing the lucrative places he then held in die court, he run all the lengths of the difaffe&ed, and fubmitted to the ufurpation of Oliver, but was won by king Charles II. for whom he a&ed as a fpy upon the proteclor, bat was detected, his perfon feized, his eftates fequeflered ; he was tried at Befton, in Lanca- fhire, in april, 1656, and condemned; but through the earncft entreaty of his fitter Whallcy, he was fpared, and leaving the kingdom, he more openly fided with the exiled 3 ting i86 MEMOIRS OF THE NUM.XII- dren, and one born fo late as 1656 ; what be- came of them is unknown, except John, his eldeft Ton and heir, who was a cornet of horie, 'chari i"? and who was returned a member of parlcment for the town of Nottingham in 1658-9, and alib for the borough of Shoreham ; at the reftora- tion government owed him 151!. ijs. 4d. but which, probably, he was never paid. He mar- ried the daughter of fir Herbert Springatc, -knt. by whom he had Herbert WhaHey, efq. 'his elded fon and heir, who, though king Charles II. granted the manor the parlement had given to the major-general, once belong- ing to the earl, then marquis, and afterwards duke of Newcastle, with all the reft of his own lands, forfeited to the t:rown by any of the purchafers, yet this Herbert Whalley, efq. was, in 1672, in poffefTion of fome of the paternal inheritance of the Whalleys, which had been purchafed bv his grace's anceitors from them, but, by a mortgage which the duke, when earl, had made to fir Arnold Waring, fome years be- King, by whom he was highly ';onprcd and truRcd. He hid two fons killed in the proteftor Oliver's fcivicc, in Ireland ; another was lent by his hihncfs to Jamaicn. fore, W H A L L E Y S. iff; fore, through alTignments or heirfhips, became NUM.XH. veiled in this Herbert. wiuiieys. Henry Whalley, brother of the major-ge- Hen.whai- neral, was an alderman of London, probably j && adv <>- caif, firlt and who, from the regard his coufm Henry c " ufin lo * Oliver, lord Cromwell, lord deputy, had for him, was pro- P roua r ' moted to the office of judge-advocate of the armies in England and Scotland -, before he was fettled in that poft, he, in a letter to his liighnefs the protector, dated from Edinburgh, march 8, 1654-5, intreated a line or two, to inform him, whether he might piomife him- felf a conftant employment there, or know whether he was to return, that he might at laft fettle himfelf, his family, and affairs, for the remainder of the number of his days j con- cluding, f I chearfully fubmitting to what the * Lord (hall put into your heart therein/ He continued in Scotland during the remainder of the protectorate of Oliver ; and, in the year 1656, reprefented the (heriffdom of Selkirk and Peebles in the britifh parlement, and was one of thofe who figned the order for prod aim- ing his coufm Richard lord protector; what befH iSS MEMOIRS OF THE KUM.XII. befel him after the reftoration I have no where vvh^T k en nor w ^ at f am ity ne l^i or what become Hen. What- of them. k>, elV j^dge-atlvo- The Whalleys, who I have met with in the hiftories of England, during the government of Charles I. the commonwealth, and the protectors, Oliver and Richard, befides fuch as are given above, are, Charles Whalley, of Chefhire, efq. whofe delinquency was difcharged June 30, 1649, having been rated at. 268!. los. and reflored to the good graces of the houfe of commons ; he was member for the city of Chefter, in 1654, and one of the afiefibrs in 1657, f r l ^ at Clt y> of which he was recorder i it is reafcnable to fuppofe he was not fatisfied with the protector's government; judge-admiral Whalley ; lieutenant Whalley, who ferved in Hacker's regiment ; Robert Whalley, quarter-m after ; William and Stanhope Whalley, both of Norton, in the county of Leicefter, efqrs, one of them had an eftate of i oool. a year, and who xvas to have been a knight of the roal oak, had that title been eftablifhed ; Peter Whalley, gent, member of parlement in 1 654, for the town of Nottingham-, and Henry Whalley, matter of the company D U N C H S. company of ftationers in 1655; feveral, and perhaps all of thefe, are of the major-general's family *. No. XIII. The hiftory of tie Bunch's, of Little-WittenhaM, allied to the protectorate houfe of Cromwell, from the marriage of fir William Duncb, knt. witb Mary, the youngeft daughter of fir Henry Crom- wetl, knt. and aunt to the protect or Oliver. T H E Dunch's were an ancient family, and NU.XIII. bore for their arms, fable a cheveron be- Dunchs. Antiquity. tween three towers argent ; the firft that feated themfelves at Little- Wittenham, near Walling- ford, in the county of Berks, was William Dunch, p^J" 1 ^ efq. who purchafed this manor ; he was auditor of the mint, both to king Henry VIII. and to * The hiftory of the Whalleys is taken from Horton's antiquities of Nottinghamftiire (a defective abftrufe written book) ieveral lives of Oliver lord proteclor ; various hiflo- ries of England, particularly thofe of Whitlock, Clarendon, Warwick, and Heath ; Thurloe's and Clarendon's ftatc pa- pers ; journals of the houfe of commons ; ordinances oi the parlement ; nonconformift memorials ; the late rnr. Hollis's life ; Blome's britannia : baronetages, &c. king igo M E M O I R S O F T H E NU. xiii. king Edward VI. and fworn efquire extraordi- Duncns. nary of the body of queen Elizabeth ; in the fifth puncvf*. year of whofe reign, he reprefented the town of. Wallingford in parlement, and in the twelfth year of the fame reign, he was fheriff of the county of Berks. He died may n, 1597, and is buried in the dormitory in Little- Wittenham church, where there is a remarkable elegant monument erected to his memory. This William married Mary, fifter of John Barnes, of London, efq. por- ter of the town and caftle of Guynes, in France, and one of the privy council there*; me furvived her hufband ten years, and was buried near him, may 13,1 605 . The iflbe of this marriage was only two fons ; Edmund, the elded, and Walter, bred a counfellor at Gray's inn , he reprefented the borough of Dunwich, in the parlements held in the twenty-feventh and thirty- firft years of the reign of queen Elizabeth-, he died June 4, 1594, * John Barnes, ef-i. was buried in the chancel of Little- \Vittenham church: he died at London, may 24, 1588: he left Mary, whofe maiden name was Farrington, his wi- dow, but by whom he feems to have had no child ; he ue- queathcd divers marks to the poor of the towns of Abing- don and Wallingford, and the village of Little-Wittenham. Near the monument of John Barnes, is a orafs plate, inform- ing the reader, that Margaret Barnes is buried beneath, who died december 3, 1568. aged D U N C H S. 19 1 aged forty-two, and is buried near his father ; his NUM.XII. mother and fon, placed a brafs plate againft the p onr h s . tail wall of the dormitory, recording his worth, ^'h^.^ and that he married Deborah, fprung paternally from the Pilkintons, and maternally from the Kingfmills, by whom he had two fons, and four daughters: William, his youngeft child, was bap- tized at Little- Wittenham, may 8, 1594, and was buried there may 1597. Sir Edmund Dunch, knt. eldeft fon and heir sirEJtmmd Dunch. knt* of William, was returned a member for Walling- ford, in the parlement held in the thirteenth year of queen Elizabeth's reign, and for Wotten-Baf- fet, in the year following, he ferved the office of fheriff for the county of Berks, in the twenty- .ninth and forty-fourth years of the fame reign, and again in the firft of king James I. and in the twenty-firft year of that fovereign, he was returned for the county of Bucks, as he was in the two parlements called in the firft year of the reign of king Charles I. in which year he feems to have been knighted-, and probably did not live long after. He married July 30, 1576, Anna, daugh- ter of Nicholas Ftttyplace, efq. of a maft ancient family, i 9 2 M EM O IRS OF THE NU. xin. family, and fprung from the kings of Portugal*. She furvived him many years, and died January J 9> * 627-8, aged feventy-one, and is buried in the chancel of Little-Wittenham church, where Ihe has a monument. Their ifllie was, i. Ed- mund, baptized february 1581, and buried april 14, 1595. 2. Sir William his fucceffor, 3. * The Petty-places came in with the norman conqueft ; one of them was gentleman ufher to king Wiliiarn I. Tho- mas Fettyplace, efq. as the above Anna's monument fays, or John, as the baronetage gives it, married Beatrice, na- tural daughter of John, king of Portugal ; (he firft married Thomas, earl of Arundel ; after his death, (he became the fccond wife of the great Gilbert Talbot, firft earl of Shrewf- bury, the vi&orious general of the englifh forces in France ; after whofe deceafe flie married John Holland, earl of Hunt- ingdon ; and hftly, to Thomas, or John Fettyplace, efq. She had, I believe, no iffue by her firft or third hufband ; by the ea rl of Shrew fbury (he had Ankaret, an only daugh- ter, who died a child, and by the Fettyplace a fon, who was the common anceflor of Anna, the wife of fir Edmund Dunch, km. and the John Fettyplace, efq. created a baronet by king Charles II. in 1661. The arms of Fettyplace arc gules, two cheverons argent. It muft be obferved, that Beatrice was much beloved by the king her father ; for, upon the death of her firft hufband, the king wrote, 4 Hen. V. to iir John Pelham, who was a favorite of that monarch, defiringhim to (hew the lady Beatrice, his daugh- ter (being deprived of her hufband, the earl of Arundel) ' the fame favor he had before (hewn to her.' Walter D U N C H S. 1 93 Walter, baptized may 31, 1584, and died ja- NU. xin. nuary 6, 1644-5 ; to whofe memory, Mary, his ^^" widow, out of her dear affection to him, erect- Edmund Dunch, efq. cd a monument, in 1659, in the chancel of. Newington church, in Oxfordshire. 4. JoHn, buried may 20, 15^9, and two daughters j Mary, the eldeft, was baptized feptember 1 8, 1579 ; flie firft married William, fon and heir of Francis Winchcombe, of Bucklebury, in in the county of Berks, efq. who died July 29^ 1614, without having had any child, in the thirty-eighth year of his age, and is buried in the chancel of Little-Wittenham church j fhe re-married to fir Edward Clarke, of Ardington, alfo in the county of Berks, knt. who fhe fur- vived fixteen years, fpending the remainder of her life in c widowhood, pioufly towards God, * and confcientiouOy to man :' fhe died octo- ber -i 8, 1646, and is buried near her firft huf- band : Elizabeth, the youngeft daughter of this Edmund, became the fecond wife of John liham, of Pinkley, in the county of North- ampton, efq. he died deccmber 9, 1626 ; fhe, ausiift 6, 1657, and was buried in the chancel of Little- -Win -cn-hain church. Vol.' II. O Sir 194 M E M O I R S O F THE KU. xiii. Sir William Dunch, knt. uncle by marriage Dunchs. to the protector Oliver, was baptized may 25, iLch.kn 1578 ; he was member of parlement for Wal- urttoOhv. lingford, in the firft and twelfth years of the reign of king James I. and was, 1 apprehend, knighted by that monarch in the firft year of his reign. He was cut off at the early age of thirty-three, January 22, 1611-12; in the dor- mitory of Little-Wittenham church is one of the moft coftly monuments I have feen erected to perpetuate his memory ; it is of various marbles and alabafter, but much fpoilt by paint and gilding ; he is reprefented in armour, and below him the effigies of his lady, both recumbent, and as large as life, and the figures of their four fons and five daughters, kneel- ing upon the bafe, except two of the daugh- ters, who are given in their grave cloaths ; at the top of the monument are the arms of the Dunchs, with a label of three points, with the creft ; and on each fide, the arms of the Dunchs impaling the proper arms of the Crotnwells, with various other bearings of that family : over his effigies is the follow- ing infcription, in letters of gold : 3 Gulielma D U N C H 1 Dunchio Equiti Aurato viro' Famse integerrimse fidei Speetatifiimse Dunc Spei expe&atiflimae cum magno fuorti Sit William Dunch,knt. Dam no et dolore defunfto Janua"- mar. Mary, . atrnttoOliv. Rii 22' 1611' aetatis vero fuae 33* lofdprotefl, Parentes moeftiflima pofuerit. Hie qui dormit Eques rem fpe fuperavit, et annos Confilio, Juvenis Xempore mente Senex Conjuge qui falix numera prole beatus Qui lumen patriae quicolumenq; Domus Hunc pietas virtus gravitus celebravit honore Quas animi dotes fama fuifle refert Berchia te luget te gens Cromwellia luget Illam confilio hanc Juvit amore frui Cum nondum patrise, riaturae nee fat amiciff Vixerat et domino vixerat ille fatis. He married Mary, the youngeft daughter of fir Henry Cromwell, knt. grandfather to the protedlor Oliver ; her ladyfhip was buried at Little-Wittenham, may 26, 1617 : of the four fons of this marriage, three of them were, Ed- mund, of whom below i William, baptized march 4, 1604-5 j John, who was returned a member for the county of Berks in the two parlements of his firft coufin Oliver, afTembled in 1654 and 1656, and in that of the protector Richard, called in 1658-9: Dorothy, one of O a the MEMOIRS OF THE the daughters, was baptized at Little-Wit- tenham, January 5, 1610. Edmund Edmund Dunch, efq. the eldeft fon and Dunch, efy ^ ^ 9 created ba- heir of fir William, was returned a member ron Burnel, or Wallingford, in the parlements called by coufin. king Charles I. in the third, thirteenth, and fixteenth years of his reign ; he was a ftrenuous advocate for the liberty of the fubject, which occafioned him to fuffer very great and fevere hardihips from the court j for when the book, in which a lift of fuch fums as feveral members of parlement'had fubfcribed for king Charles I.'s ufe, was found after the battle of Nafeby, and which his majefty had written in many parts himfelf, Lenthal, the fpeaker of the long- parlement, acldrefling himfelf to the houfe, faid, ' he had perufed the book, and did not find ' there his own name, nor mr. Dunch's, or * mr. Whitlock's name ; and he believed the ' reafon was, becaufe the king had taken all * from them :' it cannot then be wondered^ that his acrimony was great againft that prince ; in 1641 he figned the famous proteftation -, in 1643 he took the covenant; and in 1648 he was one of the prcteftors againil the propo- fitions for an agreement with the king. Iq D U N C K S. -197 In the years 1654, and 1656, he was returned NU. xnr. to ferve in Oliver the protector's parlements, Dur.chs. for the county of Berks ; he was much beloved D^d^efq. and trufted by that fovereign, to whom he was Jo^Burnei, nearly related; for he firft created him a baro- p (0 ie&. his net, and afterwards, april 26, 1658, made him a peer of the realm, by the title of baron of Burnel*. After the decline of the Cromwell family, he retired from the public fcene, occa- fioned by his diflike to an ablblute republic, and from thejealoufy the commonwealth party entertained of him ; but when, from the va- rious revolutions that convulfed the kingdom after Richard's refignation, he perceived the reftoration of monarchy likely to take place he again took an active part, and was chofen one of the committee of fafety in 1659; this procured a good reception for himfelf and hia family from king Charles II. Probably, he had fome expectation of having a new patent for his nobility ; but, if fo, he was difappointed, * The author of the perfect politician fays, that Edmund Bunch, efq. was created baron of Eaft-Wittington, but this is evidently a miftake, for his feat was at Little-Wit- tcnham ; but that was not the place which he was created a peer of, as appears by the regifter of that pariflj, but Burnel. O 3 for.. Jg 8 MEMOIRS OF THE NF.XIII. for he died only a private gentleman, and Ul^r buried at Little- Wittenham, auguft 24, 1678. Edmund Mdb2' He married Bridget, daughter and fole heirefs iTo^v.Td 1 : of fir Anthony Hungerford, of Down-Amney, in Ilftcfilfiii.* tne county of Gloucester, knt. * ^ which manor was part of her large fortune, at lead fixty thoufand pounds j a prodigious fum in the laft century, By this .lady he had f, Hun erford Hungerford Dunch, efq. his fon and heir: he t>unch, efq. was to have was member for the borough of Cricklade, in the been a knr. oftheroyii- firft parlement called by king Charles I. At the reftoration, he was put down in the catalogue of thofe who were to be created knights of the royal-oak ; and his eftate is eftimated at 2000!. per annum, though his father was then living ; he * Sir Anthony Hungerford was defcendcd from fir Thomas Hungerford, fpeaker of the houfe of commons in the reign of king Edward III. and from Walter lord Hungerford, knight of the moft noble order of the garter. f Edmund Dunch, created lord Burnel, by the proteclor, might have other children befides his heir Hungerford, and probably he had, for mr. Hermes Dunch, the grandfon of Edmund Dunch, efq. was buried april 13, 1667 ' an( ^ Ann, the daughter of Henry Dunch, was baptized november 13, }68z, and was buried at Little -Wittenham, auguft 29, D U N C H S. 199 was returned a member for both Wallingford and NU. xin. Cricklade, in the parlement held in the twelfth D unc iu. year of that king's reign, buc made his election Hungerfo.a *' *** Dunch, el fo that fir Henry Oxenden, bart. and the duke of Manchefter, are the reprefenta- tives of the eldefl branch of this ancient and ho- norable family j and who, through the Dunchs by females, are defcended from the kings of Por- tugal, and a lady who was aunt to Oliver, and great-aunt to Richard, lord protectors, oncefove- reigns of the britifh dominions. The feat of Little-Wittenham is flill {landing, but in great decay ; it adjoins to the church, and is one of the refidences of fir Henry Oxenden, bart. who purchafed the other mares of it and the B R O M L E Y S. fio3 the manor, of the duke of Manchefter, and mr. Nu - XIir ' Tompkins. Dunchs. There are defcendants of the name of Dunch, from fome of the lords of Little- Wittenham, but none, I believe, from fir William Dunch, knt. No. XIV. gome obfervations upon the Bromley family, with whom fir Oliver Cromwell, the$roteRor Oliver's uncle, allied himfelf by his firft marriage* THE Bromleys are of very ancient date in NU. xrv. the county of Stafford, being feated Antiquity *r *.U A there fo early as the reign of king John. * The hiftory of the Dunchs is taken from the parifh re- gifter and funeral monuments in Little-Wittenham church, which in the mo ft polite manner, were permitted to be copied by the rev. Carter ; copies of the epitaphs of the Dunchs would have been given, but they are fo very long, fo entirely deftitute of merit, and many of them even of fenfe, that it was thought better not to tire the reader with them; lives of Oliver lord proteclor ; various hifto- ries of England ; Willis's not. parl. Rudder's hiftory of Glouceftermire; Fuller's worthies ; journals of the houfe Of commons; Riifhwmh's colleflions; Neal's hiftory of the puritans ; Sandford's genealogical hiftory ; Le Neve's mo- numenta anglicana ; peerages; and baronetages. Sir 304 ME-MOIRS OF THE NTT. xiv. Sir John Bromley, knt. diftingniihed him* B.omieys. felf in the wars in France in the reign of king *5" I h Bromicy, Henry V. particularly in recovering the ftand- jard of Guyen, in the battle of Le Groby, won by the french, for which he was knighted, re- ceived lands of great value in Normandy ; and, as a perpetual memorial of his gallantry, the ftandard of Guyen was given him for a creft, viz. upon a wreath of the colours a demy lion 'rampant, fable, ififuing out of a mural crowr^ or, holding a ftandard, vert, charged with a griffin pafifant, or, the ftaff proper headed ar- gent. I mention this the rather, becaufe the creft of the Bromleys, in the window of Hin- chinbrooke-houfe, is fo totally different, and is the fame as that given upon fir Thomas Bromley's monument in Weftminfter-abbey, as appears by Dart ; but fir Thomas's defcend- ants, the lord Montforts, ufe that given them by king Henry V^-and the fame is upon the fhield of arms under the mezzotinto plate of William Bromley, efq. member of parlement for the borough of Warwick, and fpeaker of -the houfe of commons in the reign of queen Ann, to whom he was a privy-counfellor. Sir BROMLEY S. *o5 Sir Thomas Bromley, lady Cromwell's fa- xu. xiv. t-her, died lord chancellor of England, april 12, B^Iu^T 1587, 'to the grief of all good men:' he married Elizabeth, daughter of fir Adrian For- tefcue, knight of the Bath, by whom he had fourfons, i. fir Henry Bromley, knight; 2.Tho- children of fir Thomas mas; 2. George; and 4. Edward: and four Bromiey, lord chan- daughters, i. Ann, married to Richard Corbet, <*iwof EngUnd; of Stoke, in the county of Salop, father of the fir ft baronet, created 3 Charles I. 2. Meriel, married to John Lyttleton, of Frankley, efq. who, from the greateft affluence, was reduced to the greateft indigence, by joining with the earl of Effex, the favourite of queen Elizabeth ; and was meanly deferted and infulted by his friend, fir Walter Rawlcigh. King James I. reftored Thomas, his fon and heir, to a great part of the family eftates, and created him a baronet ; he was anceftor of the two late lord Lyttletons * doctor Lyttleten, bifhop of Carlifle, and the preicnt lord Weftcote : this affinity to rhe Crom- well family, is the reafon afligned why the copy of the protector Oliver's portrait, by Jarvis, is hung in the gallery of lord Weftcote's feat, at Hagley. I own I was the more furprized at feeing it there, as the Lyttletons were under fo frtk ao6 M E M O I R S O F T H E u u. xiv. little obligations to his highnefs, who bttfnC down their fine feat at Frankley, with all their j.^ f urn iture in it, the houfe having been ftamefully abandoned by prince Rupert. The tnird daughter of fir Thomas Bromley, was married to fir Edward Grevile, of Milcot, in the county of Warwick, efq. of the family of the lord Brookes, now earls of Warwick ; and 4, Elizabeth, the youngeft to fir Oliver Cromwell. Henry Bromley, efq. a defcendant of the lord chancellor, was created lord Montford, baron of Horfe-Heath, in the county of Cambridge, and took his feat in the houfe of lords, may 9, 1741 : he was fucceeded by Thomas, his bro- ther, anceflor of the prefent whimfical noble- man*. * Thcfc remarks of the Bromley family, are taken chiefly from the peerage, and given to fliew, that fir Oliver Cromwell, knight of the Bath, uncle to the protector Oliver, was connected with few families but what were, like himfclf, loyal to king Charles I. No. XV* V A L A V I C I N I. 207 . No. XV. fie biftory of fir Horatio Palavicini, with fame account of bis family and defendants. AS the Palavicini were, by feveral inter- NUIV.XV. marriages, fo clofely allied to the pro- p^lCi^T te&orate houfe of Cromwell, I fliall be rather ofTK? particular in giving their hiftory. This family has been long, and Mill is coti- fpicuous in Italy, many of the branches of which are fcattered in the various Hates of that country ; the elder of them is feated at Parma, from whence the others derive themfelves. They are mentioned in the annals of Genoa, as filling the firft pofts in that common-wealth*. * William marquifs Palavicini was fet over that ftate V/ith the title of regent, in 1353. by its lord, John Vifcomi, duke of Milan, as was John Scipio Palavicini, by Ga-* Icazzo, duke of Milan, in 1476. Nicholas Palavicini v/as general of the genoefe army in Corlica, in 1555. Auguftine Palavicini was elecled bienniel doge of Genoa, July 13, 1637. The marquifs Palavicini was fent envoy- extraordinary from the republic of Genoa, in 1685, intd England, to congratulate king James II. upon his accef- liou. Jerome Palavicini was appointed governor of Corfica, ao$ MEM O IRS OF THE NUM.XV. Signior Horatio Palavicini, one of this family, pIu^idTi! a native of Genoa, who, upon leaving Italy, sir Horatia went an( j rcfided in the Low-Countries, where Palarcini, he married a very mean perfon, but as his father was then living, he did not think it prudent to acknowledge her as his wife : after her death, and that of his father, he quitted Holland, and came into England. Queen Mary I. who was then feated upon the throne, had re-eftablifhed the romifli fuper- ftitions, to whom he was recommended, who appointed him collector of the papal taxes to be gathered in this kingdom : upon the death of that bigotted princefs he had a very large fum of money in his hands ; this was too great a temptation for his honefty to withitand ; he abjured the popifh religion, and retained the treafure due to the pontiff. Such perfons, though in 1733. It is pretty fingular, that the prefent head of this family, the old marquifs Palavicini, is the only one of the old nobles who continues to frequent the Exchange ; for, though the nobles of Genoa, both old and new, chiefly are merchants, yet they feldom converfe with other traders, except upon bufmefs of commerce: the people, difgufted with this haughtinefs, have quitted the Portico, and ftand in the open ftreet to tranfacl their affairs, obliging the nobles to come to them, which fo hurt their pride, that they now fend their agents. every P A L A V I C t tf t 209 every way deteftable, are too ufeful to princes NUM.XV. to be openly defpifed ; fo wife a fovereign as T ^~^7' r J Palavicmi. Elizabeth knew how to make a proper ufe of S:r Horatio PaUvicini, iuch a character, and therefore, infteadof driv- knt - ing him from her dominions to enrich thofe of an enemy, or troubling him about money, which it was eafy for him to conceal, and im- poffible for her to afcertain, jfhe not only af- forded him her protection, but gave him marks of her favor. In 1586 fhe made him a denizen*, and em- ployed him in negociations to the germart princes, with whom Ihe kept up a clofe corref- pondence, and allowed feveral of them annual penfions ; his addrefs in thefe affairs, and in reward for having fupplied the exigencies of the (late with that money which he had de- frauded the public of, fhe gave him the honor of knighthood in 1587 ; the beft return he made for this favor was, that in the following year, he fitted out and commanded a fhip againft the fpanifh armada : his portrait is given in * Palavicini, in the patent of denization, bearing date at Weflminfter, november 2, is called Horace Palavicini, a genocfe -, it is given in Rymer's fzdra, Vol. II. P * he sio MEMOIRS OF THE NUM.XV. the tapeftry in the houfe of lords, amongft the plh^Ti ' P a t r i ots an d fkilful naval commanders, that sir Horatio re fcued England from a threatened flaverv. Palavicini, knt - It is obfervable, that mr. Grainger has wholly omitted mentioning him. He had taken fo much pains in improving his fortunes, that they became (for a private fubject) almoft immenfe ; fo that upon him hung the fate of kingdoms j but they that bought his friendfhip purchafed it at a very high price ; an ufurious intereft for that money he advanced for them : in 1587, he-raifed (at the defire of queen Elizabeth) 101,560 french crowns, for the ufe of the gallant Henry IV. of France, to enable his majefty to raife an army in Germany, to be commanded by the baron Dolma. The dutch were, in fome meafure, obliged to him for independency and freedom from a galling yoke j the money our queen advanced for them being raifed by him ; the monftrous ufury fhe paid for this money made her often very uneafy ; and, in 1595, fhe demanded the re-payment of it particularly, and infilled, that commiffioners ihould be appointed to enter into PALAVIC1NI. 211 Tome plan how the whole money difperfed in NUM.XV. their caufe, and due to him, might be paid -, ^^~^ which, after much altercation and high words, p a r !a ""j tia it was agreed, in 1598, by the earneft defire of knt * the dutch, that c for the money due to Palavi- 4 cini, the queene Ihould have her entire right c againft Brabant and Flanders, and the reft of * the provinces not confedrate.* Sir Horatio died July 6, i6ooj he refided chiefly in Cambridgelhire, at two feats in that county ; one of them was Baberham, the other Little-Shelford, both built by himfelf, with lozzios, in the italian ftyle j he had likewife two confiderable manors in Effex, and proba- bly feveral in other counties ; but yet, we may fuppofe, the principal part of his fortune was in money. The following epitaph was written upon him : mr. Walpole fays it was in manufcript, in the pofifefiion of fir John Crew, of Worth-* ington, a great antiquary and herald : Here lies Horatio Palavezene Who robb'd the pope, to lend the queene ; He was a thief ; a thief! thou lyeft 5 For wnie ! he robb'd but antichrift. P 2 Him 2i MEMOIRS OF THE HUM XV. Him death wyih befome fwept from Babram : *~* m *;~^' Into the bofom of oulde Abraham : Palavicini. Sir Horatio But then came Hercules with hrs club, Pjlavicini, A Sir Horatio was every way diftant from ami- able, but it is certain he pofiefled the beft abi- lities : lord Arurrdel mentions him firft amongft the experienced perfons in England, to whom he refers the queen's minifters, to afiure them that he had committed n-o crime in accepting of the title of count of the empire without her majefty's permifiion, for which he was then under confinement : mr. Walpole mentions him as an arras-painter. His widow, an englifh woman y re-married July 7> i 60 1 (exaftly a year after his death) to fir Oliver Cromwell* knt. By his firft wife, fir Horatio had only one fon > by the laft, feveral. Pal*. i. Edward Palavicini, efq. the eldeft fon of t cfq. fir Horatio Palavicini by the firft marriage, was, to pleafe his mothep-in-law, declared ille- gitimate; and, by his father's will, difinhe- rited ; but thus injured, he endeavoured to right himfelf, though unwarrantably, by peti- tioning P A L A V I C I N I. 213 tioning his majefty, king James I. to do him NUM.XV, juftice, as eldeft fon and heir, born in wedlock, ^^~^ t and charging both his father, and brother Toby, with defrauding queen Elizabeth and king James I. of many thoufand pounds j but when the matter was referred to fir Henry Spelman, and others, the brothers chofe to come to a compromife, which put a flop to any further examination. 2. Sir Henry Palavicini, knt. He is men- sir Henry tioned with his brother Toby in the pedigree km. of the Cromweils, and alfo in the regifter of All-Saints church, in Huntingdon. He mar- ried, april 10, 1606, Jane Cromwell, a near relation, no doubt, to his mother's fecond huf- band, fir Oliver Cromwell, knight of the bath ; fhe died in the year 1613, and is buried in Huntingdon ; he, oftober 14, 1615, and with- out iffue, as his eftates in the counties of Cam- bridge and EiTex defcended to, 3. Sir Toby, or Tobias, Palavicini, knt. to sirToby whom his father had devifed the abbey and k. impropriation of Weftacre, purchafecl of fir Thomas Cecil, with many other eftates j but thefe, with others he received from his brother, P 3 were , H MEMOIRS OF THE NUM. xv. were foon fquandered away with as great in- " ^TT* difference as his father had procured them Palavicim. . f sir Toby w ith rapacity ; and he brought himfelf to fuck Palaviciui, * nt - difficulties, that he was obliged to procure an act of parlement in 1624, to enable him * to c fell lands for payment of debts and prefer - f ment of children :' his profufion had obliged him to difpofe of Weftacre, with the impro- priation, which was purchafed by alderman Burham ; but this was net fufficient to dif- charge the many debts he had contracted; eflate went after eftate, till there were no more that he could difpofe of; and being ftill in debt, to avoid his creditors, he threw himfelf into the Fleet : whether he ever regained his liberty is unknown. His lady was Catherine Cromwell, a fifter, moft probably, of his wife's brother, and they were married upon the fame day, and at the fame place, as fir Henry was. By lady Catherine he had children ; one of his defcendants was mr. Peter Palavicini, a merchant in London, who was an alderman in the change in favor of the court, in 1683. Blome has engraved his coat of arms in his Britannia, which is a pelican, colours un- knpwn (he calls him Paravicin), 4. Baptina P A L A V I C I N I. 215 4. Baptina Palavicini, daughter of fir Ho- NUM.XV. ratio, became the wife of Henry Cromwell, f^^ efq. eldeft fon and heir of fir Oliver Cromwell. Ba P tini > married to knight of the bath. S^dJT This family, which rofe fo rapidly by ex- torfion and fraud, is now unknown in England. The magnificent feats at Baberham and Little- Shelford, in Cambridgefhire, are no more ; and no traces of their ever having exifted are now remaining at thofe places, except in the regifters of the former * ; the fate of Weftacre has been feen ; the manors of Cranbrooke and Little-Ilford, in EfTex, have as long been en- joyed by flrangers ; and all the vaft perfonalty was diflipated before any of the eftates ; fuch * Baberham lias been poffefTed by the baronet Bennet family, the Alexanders (who took the name of Bennet) jointly with the Mitchels, the Jones, and is now the eftate and feat of general Adeane ; there was the 'ftory of Mutius Scaevola, very finely exprefied, upon the chimney-piece in the hall of the old feat, with the arms of the Palavicini, and the initials of fir Toby Palavicini, which, at the taking down of the houle, was fold to a gentleman in Kent or Efiex. The feat at Thetford was taken down fo late as 1730 ; upon the lozzio, in the center front, was fir Ho- ratio Palavicini s fhield of arms ; William Inge, cflj. the prefent owner of the manor, built a feat upon the fcite of that creeled by fir Horatio. P 4 ! 81 6 MEMOIRSOFTHE is the precarious tenure of wealth in families, efpecially when gained by injuftice, extortion, and ufury*. No. XVI, e hiftory of the family of Ingoldjby, allied to that of Cromwell by the marriage of Catherine? daughter ofjir Oliver Cromwell, knight of the Bath (uncle to the protetfor Oliver) to fir Rich- ard Ingoldjby, knight. uu. xvi. r~|~^HE Ingoldfbys- were originally of Lanca^- ingoidibys. i fhire, and took their name from a manor fluhy. in that county ; they had refided at Lenthen- * The hiftory of the Palavicini is taken from the hiftory of Nepotifmo, revolutions in Genoa, Pointer's chronolo- gical hiftory of England, fir Henry Spelman's hiflory of facrilege, Stovv's chronicle, Brown's and Camden's hiftory of queen Elizabeth, mr. Walpole's anecdotes of painting, Bowyer's life, mr. Morant's hiftory of Effex, pedigree of the Gromwells, Blome's britannia, Pine's tapeftry of the houfe of lords, and fome few others. I vifited Baberham, but could find not a veftage of the Palavicini in the church or village ; the regtfter unfortunately was locked up by gene- ral Adeane, who was in town ; the rev. E. Bradford, the rector, has kindly promifed to fend me copies of what relates to the family, when the general returns. 3 borough, I N G O L D S B Y S. ii ? borough, or Lcnborough, in Bucks, for feve- NU. xvi. ral generations *. i ng oidib ys . Sir Richard Ingoldfby, of Lenthenborough, ^JjJ* 1 * knt. fon of another Richard, was knighted by knu king James I. oftober 22, 1617, at Hinchin- brooke-houfe, the feat of fir Oliver Cromwell, knight of the bath, when that monarch ho- nored him with a vifit j this fir Richard, about * The family of Ingoldfby feated themfelves at Lenthen- borough by purchafe, in the reign of king Henry VI. From an old vellum book, which fir Richard Ingoldfby fhewed at the viiitation of Bucks, in 1634, to the heralds, it appears, that they derive their original from the ancient porTcffors of Ingoldfby and Skinnard parifhes, in Lancafhire ; fir Roger Ingoldfby was lord of thofc parifhes about 1230* and had iffue two fons, John and Roger, of which, John, the eldeft, dying without iffue, was fucceeded by his brother Roger, father to another Roger, and grandfather to Thomas* father of Ralph and John Ingoldfby, joint purchafers of Lenthenborough ; Ralph, the eldeft, received a commiffion from king Henry VI. an. 1448, to provide fhips for the defence of Aquitaine, in France, as in the patents- appears. John was, an. 1462, conftituted a baron of the exchequer, which he held till 1468, 8 Edw. IV. This laft Ralph, married Agnes, daughter and heirefs of William Berdwell, by whom he had Richard, who married the daughter of John Elmes, efq. by whom lie was father of Richard Ingoldfby, who, by the daughter of John Greenway, of Dynton, efq. left Francis, who died in 1579', nnd was buried at Buck- ingham : this Francis was father of the above fir Richard Ingoldfby, knt. father of that fir Richard who- married the daughter of fir Oliver CromWcll. the $1 S MEMOIRSOFTHE KU. xvi. the fame time, inclofed his lordfhip of LCJI- i^Id%T. thenborough, and procured leave to make a park there ; in 3 James I. he was fheriffcf Bucks : he was buried at Buckingham, auguft 28, 1635*. Sir Richard Sir Richard Ingoldfby, his eldeft fon and knf.who' heir, was knighted at the fame time as his mar. a dr. of fir Oliver father, by king James, at Hinchinbrooke- Cromwell, km. of the houfe. He married Catherine, one of the bath, uncle daughters of fir Oliver Cromwell, knight of the bath, grandfather of Oliver lord protector; * The family of Ingoldfby are chiefly buried in a large vault, in the great crofs ayle, called Poulton's ayle, in the church of Lenthenborough, but there is no memorial of any of the family in that church. The arms of the In- goldfbys are ermine, a faitire engrailed, fable ; mr. Willis gives, in addition to this azure, fimbricated, or, to thofe of Waldridge. Sir Richard Ingoldlby, the elder, feems, from extra&s of the regifter of Lenthenborough, given -by "Willis, to have had feveral children ; Dorothy, baptized July 12, 1582, and married may 28, 1602, to fir Chriuo- pher Pigot, of Dodderhall, knt. by whom (he had a daugh- ter, baptized January 19, 1608 ; after fir Chviflopher's death {he was married, auguft 18, 1616, at AdRock, in Buckiughamfhire, to Simeon Stewart, efq.by whom {he had Nicholas Stewart, created a baronet in 1660, and anceftor to the prefent fir Simeon Stuart, of Hai tk-y-Manduit, bait. and laftly, to fir Pickett, knt. fhe was buried at Lc n- thenborough, 1643. Martha, another daughter of fir Richard Ingold(by, was married to John PifTey, efq. at Lenthenborough, may 18, 1637. * both I N G O L D S B Y S. Si 9 both himfelf and his lady were ftrenuous on NIT. xvi. the parlement fide in the difpute between king ^^^ Charles and his fubjedts, which mufl have given very great uneafmefs to the loyal fir Oliver Cromwell. The near relationlhip between him and Oliver lord protector procured him much refpect, and to whofe intereil, probably, he was very much attached ; he was buried at Len- thenborough, december 20, 1656 -, by fir Oli- ver's daughter (his only wife) who was buried at Lenthenborough, may 2, 1666, he left the numerous family of eight fons and three daughters *. i. Francis Ingold/by, efq. baptized auguft Francis Ingoldlby, 14, 1614; he refided at Lenthenborough, en- efq. fin to Oliver, joying the family eftate ; in the parlements called by the protector in 1654, and 1656, he reprefented the county of Bucks, as he did alfo in that of 1658-9 ; but he was fo well re- * Sir Richard Ingoldfby, lent, dated his will, July 14, 1656 ; it was proved January 14 following ; by it he defired to be buried in the church at Buckingham, with his anceRors ; he gives all his goods and chattels whatfoever, real and perfonal, to Elizabeth, his dearly beloved wife, and makes her his fole executrix. It is fingular, that no perfon is mentioned in his will, except his wife : it is ycry fliort, 220 MEM OIRS O F THE uu.xvr/ ceived by king Charles II. at the reftoration, ingoidibys. that he was one of thofe put down in the cata- go?d% s ,e?q. lg ue to nave nac * tne new titk f knight of the R U prouftw> royal-oak ; his eftate is marked there as loool. per annum, but by his extravagance and folly, as well as that of his wife', he ibon diflipated his fortune, and after difparking the ground his grand- father had inclofed, and mortgaging the whole of his eftate, for as much as it was poflible, he went to London, about 1673, and was admitted 1679, a penfioner at the charter-houfe, where he died, October i , 1681. By Lettice, daughter of Craw- ley Norton, of Offley, in the county of Herts, efq. he had three fons and four daughters, i. Francis j 2. Richard, baptized april 23, 1652; 3. Edward, baptized feptember 3, 1 660 ; 4. Ellen, born in 1649; 5. Ann, in 1650; 6. Lettice, baptized april 9, 1654; 7. Martha, baptized July n, 1662 , all of whom, except Edward, who it is fuppofed died young, were left deftitute by the imprudence of their parents. Sir Rkimd 2* Sir Richard Ingoldfby, knight of the bath, Ingoldiby, knight of whofe life fee below. the bath. siroi;. in. 3. fir Oliver Ingoldfby, lent, a gallant officer in goldlby, kt the parlement army , he was born in 1619. 4. John I N G O L D S B Y S. 221 4. John Ingoldfby, efq. born in 1621 -, from NU.XVI. what falls from Wood, in the hiftory of his own in g oi<% 5 . 7 k T life, this John was an officer in the parlement gouuby^, army, and had a regiment, with which he was at the fiege of Droghada, in Ireland, and buried Wood's brother, who died in that fervice. 5. Sir Henry Ingoldfby, bart. born in 1622, s;r Henry Ingoldlby, he was firft an officer in the army of king bart Charles I. afterwards captain, and then a colonel in the parlement fervice ; he went into Ireland, and was returned a member of parlement for the coun- ties of Kerry, Limerick, and Clare, in 1654, 1656, 1658-9, Upon Richard the protector's refigna- tion in 1659, he pafled over to Ireland to give timely notice to Henry Cromwell, the lord lieu- tenant, to put himfelf upon his guard; and return- ing into England, he befieged and took Windfor- eaftle, which the republicans had filled with all kinds of arms and ammunition, and kept it for the king's ufe. It is fingular, that he was created a baronet, by the protector Oliver, his relation^ inarch 31, 1658, and by king Charles II. auguft 30, 1660. He died in Ireland, in 1701, one of the oldeft officers in the army ; he was fueceeded in a** MEMOIRS OF THE NU. xvi. j n hi s t j t j e O f baronet, by fir George, who mar- ingoidibys. ried Mary, daughter of fir Peter Stanley, bart*. Geo.in- 6. George Ingoldfby, efq. born in 1623. goldfby, cfq. Tho. in. 7. Thomas Ingoldfby, efq. born february 29, l * 1 624, he was a captain in his brother Richard's regiment. Wm.in. 8. William Ingoldfby, efq. born in i62;f. golJlby, efq. Elizabeth. 9. Elizabeth, born in 1618. * Sir George Ingoldfby, bart, I think, had, I. fir Wil- liam, or fir Henry Ingoldfby, bart. who married Theophila, daughter of fir Kingfmill, and fifter of fir John Lucy, bart. and, 2. Ann, who was his only daughter; (he married fir Francis Blundel, bart. by whom fhe had two children, l. Ann, who married to lieutcuant-general Echlin, by whom me had no child. 2. Sir William Blundel, bart. who alfo died iffuelefs ; and 3. fir Montague Blundel, alfo bart. who was created baron Edenderry, and vifcount Blundel, both in the kingdom of Ireland, by king George I. The title of baronet is become extindl in the Ingoldfby family. Richard Ingoldfby, efq. one of the lord's juflices general, and general governors of Ireland, lieutenant-general and commander in chief of the forces in that kingdom, who died at Dublin, January u, 1711-12, and was buried in Ghrift church, in that city, february 2 following, was of this family. t It was one of thefe brothers who was wounded in the ftormingofBriftol, in 1645, and another who was mortally wounded, alfo in the parlement fervice. 10. Ann, I N G O L D S B Y S. ^3 16. Ann, born in 1626, (he married to fir Ed- NU. xvi. ward Challoner, knt. a relation to the two bro- ingowibys. thers, judges of king Charles I*. By fir Edward " Sw. fhe had Ann, born in 1654, and Edward in knu ' 1660. '* The Challoners are an ancient and knightly family, of Gifborough, in Yorkfliire, a branch of them feated them- felves latterly in Steeple-Claydon, in Buckinghainlhire ; they were no lefs celebrated for letters than arms : Thomas Chal- x loner, efq. wrote an hiftory of the emperor Charles V.'s at- tack of Algiers, which he himJelf aflifted at, 'and faved his life by fwimming with his fword in his mouth, from his fhip, which was blown up, to another ; his fon, fir Thomas Challoner, knt. was tutor to Henry prince of Wales, a learned author ; by Elizabeth, daughter of fir William Pleetwood, knt. recorder of London, he had feveral chil- dren ; three of the fons were, fir William created a baronet by king Charles II. Thomas Challoner, efq. one of king Charles I. 's judges, who was as profligate as Harry Mar- ten ; Cromwell, when he fo abruptly diffolved the long- parlement, called him a drunkard ; he was an author, but an inferior one, if Wood is to be credited; and James Challoner, efq. another of the king's judges, who was an eminent anti- quary. Thomas died at Middlcburg, in Zealand, in 1661 : James put an end to his life in 1660, for fear of falling into the hands of king Charles II. See the lives of all thefe writer* in Wood's athen. oxonienlis, in which are many curioui particulars of them. Of this family, were doctor Edward Challoner, principal of St. Alban's Hall Oxford, chaplain to king James I. and king Charles I. who died of the plague in 1625-6, aged thirty-four ; and dr. Luke Challoner, ano- ther great divine, who bequeathed his only daughter, Phebe, **4 MEMOIRS OF THE KIT. xvi. j i. Mary, born in 1629, this lady, or her fitter ingoidibys, Elizabeth, married major Read , who was wounded in the parlement fervice,. at the, taking of Briftol 3 in 1645. sir Richard Sir Richard Ingoldfby, knight of the bath, knfght of' fecond fon of fir Richard, made fo confpicuous a the bath. .' ' figure in the civil wars, that it would be unpar- donable not to fpeak particularly of him. He was early attached to puritanifm, and an enemy to both the court and the hiarchy; upon the breaking out of the wars between the king and the parlernent, he obtained a captain's com- miflion in his relation, Hampden's regiment; in 1 644, he was obliged to furrender himfelf to the king's officers j but this did not prevent his being raifed to be colonel of foot, and foon after- wards of horfe. He performed many gallant fervices for the parlement -, this, and his alliances, made him f Phebe, to dr. Ufher, afterwards archbifliop of Armagh ; the young people fulfilled the will of the deceafed ; fhe was a great fortune, and lived with the archbifliop forty years ; and mr. Challoner, a citizen of London, of good wealth and credit, who was executed for joining with the poet Waller, in the plot to force both the king and parlement to give their bleeding country peace. greatly I N G O L D S B Y S. 2*5 greatly truftedj the city of Oxford was com- NU. xvi. mitted to his care ; the government of which was ii^o^ a very important poll, as it was the chief refi- 3 * gokifby knf dence of loyalty. He was named a commiffioner of the high court of juftice, erected for the formal murder of the fovereign, but he did not attend any of the fittings; but figned the warrant for executing that miferable prince. He was one of the repre- fentatives in the long-parlement, but did not fit probably till after the king's death. In 1650, he was fent by the parlement into Ireland, where he was very ferviceable, and performed many gallant actions, particularly in defeating colonel Grace, who commanded three thoufand irifh*. Upon his return into England, he was elected a member of the council of ftate. * It is obfervable, that colonel Grace almoft immediately after this defeat by colonel Ingoldiby, was obliged to fur- render to colonel Zanky, who inhumanely {hot feveral of the officers for what ought to have endeared them to him making a brave refiftance but, fays Zanky, they fell off from the caufe of God, and the commonwealth: the pro- tector Oliver, with more humanity, reftored colonel Grace to his eftate, as foon as he himfelf was cloathed with power: this was a fad offence in the eyes of Ludlow. VoLIf. Q Upon as6 M E M O I R S O F T H E NU.XVI. Upon his coufin Oliver's afiuming the title of protector, he was made one of his chief confidents; nei in- ne f a t as one of the members for Buckineham- gbldlby,knt. cf the bath. fhj re j n 1654, and 1656, and in the following year, was raifed by his highnefs to be one of his lords of the other houfe. As he was of a fprightly humour, he rendered himfelf particularly agreeable to the protector Richard, who was himfelf alfo of a chearful dif- polition, though furrounded with men of auftere difpofitions, and mortified looks*. He deferved all Richard's confidence, for he would have run very great rifks to have ferved him ; but he found it impoflible to ftem the torrent. When the government was entirely gone from the hands of the Cromwells into thofe of the re- publicans, he was appointed one of the council of fafety , his fole aim at this time was making him- felf acceptable to the king, who he difcovered would foon be reftored ; Monk fo well knew his fentiments, that he gave him Rich's regiment, * Vide life of the prote&or Richard, given in the firft vo- lume. and INGOLDSBYS. 227 and the foldiers received their old commander NU.XVI. with particular pleafure, they having juft before ^^ t deferted from mr. Rich to him. Coionei in- goldlby,knt. of the bath. Hefoon had an opportunity of recommending himfelf to the exiled king, by defeating, and tak- ing prifoner, general Lambert, who had efcaped from the tower*. It is not very probable, that this gentleman fhould do all this without fome previous terms with his exiled mafter, when he flood in the pre- dicament of his father's murderer, and confe- quently devoted to certain ruin, whatever his after fervices might be, unlefs mercy was extended to him. Lord Clarendon declares, that he made no ftipulations whatever, but told mr. Mordant that ' he would perform all fervices he could, * Colonel Ingoldfby took Lambert prifoner with his own hand ; the latter firft prefacing that as they had often fought together in one intereft, he defi red they might not now fight againft each other, but rather both affift in felting up the lord Richard again to which colonel Ingoldfby re- plied, that, as Lambert had been aclive in the ruin of that gentleman, his relation, he fhould not now agree to any pro- pofitions ; and affured him, that he muft furrender without any terms. J c without 228 MEMOIRS OF THE su. xvi. ' without making any conditions, and be well * content that he (his majefty) fhould take off his ' head, if he thought fit, only defired that his 1 majefty might know the truth of his cafe.' On the contrary, Ludlow allures us, he had his par- don granted before the reftoration, and he was very likely to know. To favc appearances, however, he declared that he was compelled by Oliver, afterwards protector, to fign the fatal warrant for king Charles J.'s execution: the circumftances of the fact, he dated thus, having fome bufmefs with an officer, who was in the painted chamber, he went to him, where the king's judges were afiem- bled j Cromwell feeing him, laid hold of him, and faid, though you have efcaped me all the while 4 before, you fhall now fign tnat paper as well * as they ;' but when he difcovered what it was, he refuted with much paffion ; upon this, Cromwell, and others, pulled him to the table, and Oliver, putting the pen between his ringers, wrote c Richard Ingoldfby -,' he making all the refiftance in his power ; and he declared, that if his name was compared with I N G O L D S B Y S. * 2 with what he had wrote, it would immediately KU. xvi. be feen that it was not his hand-writing : the ^^^ warrant was not found till many years after, jyjjj rf or it would have been feen that his name is t k h n < j g a t l jj[ very well written, and much unlike Cromwell's hand -writing. How came fir Richard In- goldfby's feal of arms to it ? Was his watch, to which it was appendant, forceably taken out of his pocket ? But, however it was, his fervices deferved his pardon : perhaps his great- eft commendation is, that Henry Cromwell, lord deputy, calls him honeft Ingoldfby. He was the only one of the regicides that had any favor fhewn them by king Charles II. (except faving their lives at the expence of perpetual imprifonment) but he had not only an entire pardon, but was created a knight of the bath by that fovereign before his coronation. He refided at Waldridge, in the parifli of Dunton, near Aylefbury, which he purchafed in 1651, and fervcd in the parlcments called by king Charles II. in his thirteenth, the two called in his thirty-fir!!, and that. in the thirty- o fecond 2 3 o MEMOIRSOFTHE NU. xvi. fecond years, for the borough of Aylefbury. jlJidftyT. His death happened in the beginning of fep- ingoSy"* 1 tember, 1685 : he married the daughter of !be ig bih! chancellor Whitlock : Elizabeth, a daughter of his, married firft to Thomas Lee, of Hart- well, in the county of Bucks, efq. and fecondly, to fir George Cooke, one of the juftices of the king's-bench : his fon and heir was Richard Ingoldfby, efq. who enjoyed the eftate of Wai - dridge*, and left it to Thomas, his eldeft fon, who was fheriff of Buckingham, 7 Geo. I. his fon and heir Richard, who was alfo fheriff of the fame county, and a member of parlement for Aylefbury : he died in the latter end of the year 1768!. * The virulent Wood pretended that it was faid, that fir Richard Ingoldfby, knight of the bath, fold Lcnthen- borough to mrs. Ellen Gwynn, for the ufe of her nattiral fon by king Charles II. but without the leafl foundation ; fir Richard was never in pofleflion of that eftate, but his brother fold it to his fteward, mr. William Robinfon, \vho died in 1696. t This Iketch of the Ingoldfbys is taken from B. Willis's furvey of the town, &c. of Bucks, Fuller's worthies, various hiftories of England, lives of Oliver lord proteftor, peer- ages, baronetages, &c, No, STUARTS. 231 No. XVII. Some particulars of the family of Stuart, anceftors ofmrs. Cromwell, wife ofmr. Robert Cromwell, and mother of the proteffor Oliver. MRS. Cromwell was defcended from the NU.XVII. royal houfe of Stuart, which ruled for S T^ V ' 3 Stuaru many ages the kingdom of Scotland, and has given feveral kings to England : Banquo, who was arTaffinated by Macbeth, the tyrant of the former kingdom, was their common anceflor; as was Walter, the grandfon of Banquo, ere- ated by king Malcolm III. (firnamed Can- more) lord high fteward of Scotland j from this office, which was. made hereditary, their family received their firname. From a younger branch of thefe Stuarts, or Stewards*, defcended fir Alexander Stuart, * The royal family of Scotland has, for fome time, fpelt their name Stuart, but they did not always ; it is found, like all others, varioufly written : Oliver the prote&or'* mother is fometimes called Elizabeth Steward ; but, I ap- prchend, flic fpelt it Stuard, or Stewart. knt. 23* MEMOIRS OF THE NU. xvii. knt. to whom king Charles VI. of France gave, ^^7 in addition to his coat of arms, argent, the lion of Scotland, debruifed, with a ragged ftaff, or ; Sir John Stuart, this gentleman's fon, was the firft of the name that fettled in England* the occafion was fmgularj he was one of the attendants of James, prince of Scot- land (afterwards king James II.) when he was patting into France, to avoid the fate of his brother, who had fell a victim to the ambition of his uncle ; but in their paffage the veflel was driven upon the englifh coaft, and the prince, contrary to every principle of honor, was detained in England. Sir John remained, ever after, in this king- dom ; he received knighthood from the hands of king Henry IV. at a tournament held at Smithfield, in the tenth year of that king's reign, which fovereign took him into his fer- vice ; by Mary Talmarfh, maid of honor to Joan, queen to king James II. he left, Sir John Stuart, who was knighted by the gallant Henry V. at the eve of his queen's 3 coronation. STUARTS. 233 coronation. Thomas, the fon of this fir John, NU. xvij. ferved in the englifh navy, he married a daughter of fir John Hamerton, knt. by whom he had John Stuart, efq. who married the daughter of John Burleigh, efq. and was the father of Nicholas Stuart, efq. a very learned lawyer of the Middle Temple, who had two fons, doitor Robert Stuart, the laft prior and f\rft dean of Ely*; and Simeon Stuart, efq. who married Joan, daughter and heirefs of Edward Befteney, of Soham, in Cambridge - fhire, by whom he had eight fons ; Thomas, one of them, was the father of fir Richard Stuart, knt.f who had Elizabeth, mother of the protestor Oliver, and one or two fons, who were knights J; one of them was the uncle * Doctor Robert Stuart, great uncle to the protector Oliver, left a very curious pedigree of his family behind him, which is ftill in being. t Some writers, by miftake, call Oliver the protestor's maternal grandfather, Gr Robert Stuart. ^ MoR authors fay, that the name of the uncle of the proteclor Oliver, that left him the fortune, was Robert ; but Wood, and fome others, call him fir Thomas Stuart ; perhaps there were two brothers of the name of Stuart, Robert, and Thomas, who were both of them knighted ; mifa $34 MEMOIRS OF THE jru. xvif. who left Oliver his eftate, worth about four or Stuwis. five hundred pounds a year. We know very little of the relations of the protector by his mother ; it may, in fome meafure, be owing to the difficulty of afcertaining what Stuarts were or were not relations to him, as the names of many of them occur during the troubles in the latter part of king Charles I.'s reign, and the ufurpation fucceeding j but only one of them is mentioned as a relation of Oliver's, and that was Thomas Stewart, of Stuntney, in the county of Huntingdon, efq.f called coufm by Henry Cromwell, the lord deputy, in a poftfcript of a letter to fecretary Thurloe, dated march 24, 1657-8 i Henry's words are, mifs Cromwells have a portrait of one of thefe gentlemen, in armour, who was, as they have it from tradition, a ge- neral ; probably it was the loyal fir Robert. t I have fomewhere read, that there are defcendants of this family ftill in being, but in very low chcumttances ; I was told, that the prote&or Oliver's father married his wife from Stuntney, but, upon fearching the regiflers of that place, nothing of that kind could be difcovered, any more than that they were married at Ely, all the regifters of which city I examined in vain ; probably they might fee married fofncwheye in the iflc of Ely. 'Pray STUARTS. 335 Pray acquaint his highnefs, that I received NU. xvn, e his commands concerning my coufm Tom stum. ( Steward *, of Stuntney, about faturday laft, c and I fhall endeavour to give him a good < account thereof, as foon as the nature of the c thing will admit.' There are other branches defcended from the firfl fir John Stuart, who fettled in England during the reign of our king Henry IV. f * The above Thomas Steward, of Stuntney, in Cam- bridgefhire, is mentioned by Blome ; there was a fir Mark Stewart, of Stuntney, knt. whofe daughter, Mary, was maid of honor to queen Elizabeth, and afterwards married to fir William Folter, knight of the bath. Sir Simeon Stuard, of Stuntney, was (heriffof the counties of Huntingdon and Cambridge, 9 James I. and a fir Thomas Stuard, of Stunt- ney, knt. alfo fheriff of thofe counties, 1 6 of the fame reign ; they bore, firft, France, on a border, gules, or, forma lances, or ; the fecond, a fefs, checkey, arg. and azure, border engrailed, gules. t The prefent baronet family of Stuart, of Hartlcy- Manduit, Southamptonfhire, fo created June 87, 1660, are defcended from Simeon Stuart, efq. one of this family ; their arms are i and 4, arg. a lion rampant, gules, de- bruifed, with a ragged ftaff, bendwife, or, 2 and 3, or, a fefs, cheque, azure, and argent, with many quarterings of heireffes, both fcotch and englifh ; the creft, on a wreath, a roebuck breathing, proper, horned and hoofed, argent, a prown about his neck, gules ; no doubt mrs. Cromwell bore the -M E M O I R S O F No. XVIII. ^bs life of colonel Valentine Wauton^ who married Margaret l , the daughter ofmr. Robert Cromwell, andfijler of Oliver Icrdproteflor. KU.SVITI. T TALENTINE Wauton, efq. was fituated at Great-Stourghton, in Huntingdonfhire j he was a member of the long parlement for that county, and took the covenant > as foon as the civil war broke out, he joined the parlement, and was a ftrenuous partizan in their quarrel. In 1642, he prevented, in a great meafure, the plate of the univerfity of Cambridge going to his majefty at York ; and, for which, the parle- ment not only gave him, with his brother-in-law, Cromwell, an indemnity, but in confideration the fame arms as thofe of Stuntney did : there is a family ef the name ef Stuart, at Wolverhampton, defcendcd from a Sr Simeon Stuart, who are pofleffed of many pictures of their anceftoTS ; for further particulars of the Stuarts, vide \Vurton' s Atiglia Sacra ; the infcriptions upon two moft magnificent monuments crcdied to the memory of two gen- tlemen of this family, in Ely cathedral, which are given by the rev. mr. Bettam, in his hiflory of that cathedral ; and . of VALENTINE WAUTON, ESQ.. 237 of this and other fcrvices*, they promoted 'him in NIT.XVIIL 1646, to the rank of colonel , the following year, he was made a commiffioner for preventing fcan- dalous perfons receiving the facrament. u coO& He was of the ftridleft republican principles -, this blinded his judgment fo far, that he promoted as much as poflible the death of the king ; his name occurs in almoft every public and private fitting of the commiffioners of the high-court of juftice, erected for trying the king, and his hand is alfo to the warrant for his execution f; this, with his relationfhip to Cromwell, procured him many places of confequence, and which his abili- ties and fervices in the caufe defcrved : he was one of the council of ftate for the years 1650, 1651, and 1652, and governor of King's-Lynn, and Croyland, with all the level in Ely, Holland, and Marfhland J. * In 1644, and 1645, captain Wauton was an affeffor for the parlement for Huntingdonflbire. t It is Cngular that mr. Wauton, is called Walton, bjr all our hiftorians, as well as in the regifter of his marriage, and the birth of his children, yet he certainly wrote Li* name Wanton, as it appears in the death warrant of th-e king. Walker, in his hiftory of the independants, fays, that Bofton, King's-Lynn, &c. were able to fupport 40,009 MB* 238 MEMOIRS OF KU.XVIII. As he was entirely a republican, he was greatly The life of diflatisfied at Oliver's afluming the protectorate, Wattoa, and he lived during Oliver's government in re- fawwo 1 "." tirement and difcontent, almoft unnoticed by the r * protector, except by having his conduct narrowly watched, left he fhould join with Ludlow, and other republican malcontents, to diilurb his go- vernment*. Upon Richard's fucceeding to the protectorate dignity, he came to admiral Edward Montague, men, beGdes its own native inhabitants ; and that it might be laid under water at pleafure : he adds, there are but ' three pafles to enter it over three bridges, upon which they * have, or may build forts, for their defence, and may from * thence invade the adjacent country at pleafure, being them- ' felves free from incurfions ; or they may, if they lift, break 4 down the faid bridges. Thefe places (already ftrong by ' nature) they daily fortify by art ; for which purpofe, great * fums of money have been fent to him (Wauton) and much * arms, powder, ammunition, and ordnance, from Windfor- ' cattle. Here (when all other helps fail) the godly mean to * takefantfuary, this (hall be their retreat, from whence 'they ' draw the whole kingdom to parly upon articles of treaty, and en- * force their peace from them at lajl. Thefe are the ttratagems of 4 the godly. Thefe are our faints, no where canonized, but * in the devil's calendar.' Heath in his chronicle calls mr. \Vauton, governor of Linn and EaJJiaw of the ijle of Ely. * I find his name among the affeflbrs for Huntingdon- fliire, in 1657 ; the protector could not with decency, have done lefs than name him one for the county he rcGded in. 2 at VALENTINE WAUTON, Es a . 139 at Hinchinbrooke, ' to take off prejudices, and let NTT.XVIH. * him know that his principles were not fuch as The life of col. Vaten* ' they might be reprefented, and that he was firm Wamon, \ , brother-rn- ' to his highnefs, and not a commonwealth so- law to O|i ' vernment, and in diverfe other particulars dif- * courfed very orthodoxly.' However, his prin-< ciples were too well known for him to be trufted fo long as the feeble Richard prefided at the helm ; but no fooner was he dethroned, than mr. Wau- ton im merged from his neglected fituation, and joined in the buftle of the times, and declared for the parlement againft the army, which fo ingra- tiated him into their favour, that they appointed him, oftober 12, 1659, one ofthefeven commif- fioners for governing all the forces - t in this pofl he acted with great fpirit, and with Hafilrigge and Morley, fecured Portfmouth for the parle- ment, in oppofition to Lambert, for which he received the thanks of the houfe. At the clofe of the fame year, he was appointed one of the three who were to nominate all officers to regiments: in January 1660, he was made colonel of Morley's regiment, and in the foJlow- ing month, he was joined with general Monk and three others, for governing the army. Perceiving *4o M E M O I R S O F uu.xvin. Perceiving that Monk's defign was to reflore yttifeef the exiled monarch, he prudently retired to the wauton?' continent, and became a burgefs of Hanau, in lawtooii. Germany, where he received protection: he left W.j*ote&or. that place, as fearing, that like fome of the other judges of the king, he might be delivered up to his majefty's agent in Holland, and which he narrowly efcaped. The latter part of his life was fpent in the greateft privacy in Flanders, or the Low-Countries, under a borrowed name, and in the difguife of a gardener ; and which was con- tinued till near the time of his death, when being very ill, and forefeeing it would end in his diflb- lution, he difcovered himfelf, and defired that after his death, his near relations in England might be acquainted with it. He died in Flan- ders, in 1661. Befides the lifter of the protector Oliver, he had another wife, who was the daughter of one Pimm, of Brill, in the county of Bucks, and widow of one Auftin, of that place. At the reiloration, me retired to Oxford, where ihe lived in a mean manner, in Cat-ftreet, in that city, dying there, november 14, 1662, and was buried in St. Mary's church, in that city. By VALENTINE WAUTON, & 241 By his firft wife he had a fon named George* born in 1617, and a daughter, Anna, born in The life of 1621, both baptized at St. John's, in Hunting- wui, " don, probably when mrs. Wauton was there upon iwto oii. a vifit to her mother, mrs. Cromwell ; and moft likely, other children. It was this George, I ap- prehend, that was wounded by a fhot in the knee, in 1644, fighting for the parlement . There is an anecdote of mr. Wauton, which is much to his honor ; having received many kind- neffes from dr. Thomas Lawrence, head of Baliol college and Margaret, profeflbr, when he was a prifoner at Oxford , he procured Coin, a fmall chapelry to the church of Somerfham, to be made a rectory, by getting the tithes annexed to it, and giving it to the doctor, who was then in great diflrefs, having been ejected from his preferments for his loyalty *. Mr. Wauton was a confiderable fufferer by the refloration, for the real eftates that either he in- herited from his anceilors, or had procured, were fure to be loft to him and his family at the re- * Dr. Lawrence was appointed by king Charles II. to an irifh biflioprick, but this unfortunate and worthy divine died before the refloration of his royal mailer. Vol. II. R Iteration -, * 4 2 M E M O I R S O F KU.XVIII. deration -, amongft the latter, Somermarrij in the -^7irfTTf count y f Huntingdon, with the park, chace, and vvoi en " ^ Ve manors, together with half the manors of * c * Crowland and Spalding, which were part of the dowry of the queen mother, Henrietta- Maria, and granted to him in fee fimple, in november 1649, in fatisfaction of 2132!. 6s. then due to him for monies advanced for the ufe of the common- wealth*. * There was a Ralph Wauton, a lieutenant in Monk's regiment, who was killed in Scotland : Fortune, his wi- dow petitioned the houfe in 1651, to confider her cafe; and a Robert Wauton, a mercer, and citizen of London, who ferved part of the proteclor Oliver's funeral ; the black cloth which he fupplied for that ufe, came to 6926!. 6s. 5d. but the parlement, at the reftoration, would not allow the debt, fo that he loft the whole of it ; which was the ruin of feveral clothiers, whofe goods he had upon credit. This Wauton, married the daughter of colonel Pride, one of Oliver's lords. The life of colonel Valentine Wauton, is taken from contemporary hiftorians ; journals of the houie of commons ; Thurloe's ftate papers ; hiftory of the regi- cides ; andregifter of St. John's church, Huntingdon. No. JOHN DES BOROUGH, ESQ.- 243 No. XIX. $be life of John Dejborough, efq. one of the pro- teffor Oliver's lords, and brother-in-law to him. JOHN Defborough, or Defborow, was de- NU. xix. fcended of a genteel family*, and was bivd Lifeofmaj. an attorney, with which profefiion he cultivated SSwugh, a paternal eftate of 70!. per annum, until the civil law to on. W.proteftor. wars broke out, when he quitted the pen and the fpade for the buftle of the camp ; and foon obtained a colonel's commifllon of horfef; in 1648, he rofe to be a major general ; he was one who took up the petition againft the eleven mem- bers of the houfe of commons, and was named one of the commifiloners of the high-court, to try the king, but refufed to fit. * Mr. Morant, in hi hiuory of EfTex, gives the arms of the Defboroughs, argent, a felfe between three bears heads muzzled, erafed fable ; but mr. Defborough, of Hunting- don, who told me he was dcfceuded from a brother of the celebrated Defborough, bears the fame colors, and the three tears heads alfb, muzzled and erafed, but places them upon the feffe. I have reafon to believe the former is the proper bearing, f The parlcment gave mr. Defborough lool. and the thanks of the houfe, for his gallantry at Woodftock, which was the beginning of his military fame. R 2 He 44 MEMOIRS OF NU. xix, He was madegovernor of Yarmouth, after the Life of maj. erecting a commonwealth -, and, in 1651, had the iMborough, care of the weft entirely given to him * ; after fhe battle ofWorcefter, king Charles II. was- near falling into his hands, but he either did not know the perfon of the king, or elfe he was in 1656, for the county of Somerfl-t, the cily of IJloucefter, and the town of Lynn. that JOHN DESBOROUGH, ESQ., 547 that both he and Fleetwood were ridiculed by NU. xix. all parties ; and his own regiment had fuch a L jj7^I- diflike to his perfon, that it revolted. fSbJrough, &c. The parlement, however, fearful of exafpe- rating him too much, elected him one of the council of ftate, and one of the ten who were to confider of fit ways to carry on the affairs of government ; and likewife appointed him governor of the ifland and fort of Plymouth, all in the year 1659; but he continuing to cabal with the army, the parlement confined him to his feat, furtheft removed from the capital, but releafed him upon his fubmiffion and promife to live peaceably : his rudenefs, perhaps, as much provoked them as his reft- leffhefs ; for the former he is thus lampooned in one of the loyal fongs : And Defborough's gotten into his Farm, With a Hey-day, &c. Until they do him need, Meant the Houfc no harm, But took it for a Barn, His Lord and he's not agreed * * It has been before obferved, that Defoorough had em- ployed hirafelf, before the civil wars, in agriculture, which the preceding ftanza alludes to, as well as the tw6 following vcvfo of different fougs : R 4 Wha S OF NIT. xix. Upon the profpeft of the restoration he en- Life of nj. deavoured to leave the kingdom, but was ar- pe^Jrough, retted by the fheriff of EfTex, near the coaft, 8ci. and confined again by the parlement, which exempted him out of the aft of indemnity, but not to extend to the forfeiture of life. He was fcarce fet at liberty, but he was again feized in London, and fent to prifon, under & fufpicion of being engaged in art afiafiination plot againft the royal family j but as the plot itfelf never, in all probability, exift- ed, he foon obtained his freedom". - Finding himfelf fufpefted of difaffection, he wifhed to fpend the remainder of his life ujpon the continent in quietnefs j but in this he was difappointed -, the court was ftill jealous of him, upon an idea, that he and others of the old party would aflat in reviving the repub- Who can gain-fay that it was a. ftrong F-rt ( Which blew the Lord Defbqrough back to his Cart, And taught filly Fleetwood of crying the Art, Which nobody can deny. Janizary Defborough then look'd pale, For, faid he, if the Rump prevail, 'Twill blow nae back to my plow tail, Which nobody can deny. lie an JOHN DESSOfcOtJOH, ESQ.. $49 lican fpirit ; and as the exceffes of majeily NU. xix. never were greater than during the reigns of i^tfajj. the two royal brothers, Charles and James, we iMWush, 2cc. cannot wonder at their apprehenfion, that thofr fevere judgers would take advantage of their Conduct to revive their dear commonwealth, and efpecially, as they were encouraged in it by the dutch ; the court, to prevent any fuch deigns, determined to fecure his perfon, with the other heads of the party* -, to effect which, they fet forth a proclamation, in 1665, to re- quire him, with feveral of his friends, to be in England before July 23, in the following year", and furrender himfelf into the hands of fome juftice of peace in that county where he fhould land in, on pain of being declared a traitor ; and James II. publifhed another of the fame import, april 21, 1686, requiring him to re- turn again into this kingdom by July 22 fol- lowing. What became of him after this is uncertain ; but, probably, he furvived the revolution, and * The other gentlemen who were commanded to return into England with major-general Defborough, in 1665, Were colonel Kelfay, White, major Grove, fir Robert Hey- Wood, juu. and captain Nicbolt. fpent sio MEMOIRS OF NU.XIX. fpent the latter part of his old age in his na- LjfciTouj. ^ ve l an d: ^at event muft have given him Defbio^gh, tne greateft pleafure ; it would not, indeed, come up to his idea of liberty ; but to fee driven from the throne an unfortunate family, who were particularly odious to him, from the injuries he had done to, and the hardfhips he had experienced under them, muft have been fuch as can only be known to a perfon of his difpofition. I have heard it faid, he was bu- ried in the neighbourhood of Chelmsford, in EiTex ; it is the more probable, as the manor of Trimnells, near that town, was his *. Defborough pofleffed a great deal of turbu- lence, pride, avarice, and ambition, but had not a capacity fufficient to raife himfclf to the head of a party j- j his perfon and addrefs were little likely to infpire refpeft, or gain affection j Grainger fays, f he was clownilh in his man* ( ners, and boifterous in his behaviour;' this alfo is pointedly exprefied in two itanzas of * Communicated by the rev. - "-Turner, of Burwcll, near Newmarket. t Under the prote&ors he enjoyed places, vvhofe annual amount was many thoufands, and he acquired a prodigious property, confidering his (lender beginning. the JOHN DESBOROUGH, ESQ.. 251 the loyal longs, entitled, c the committee of NU . xix. fafety/ and the fecond part of c the Gang, or the Nine Worthies :' Defborough* s a Clown, of whom it is fed, That to be a ftates-man he never was bred, For his fhoulders are far better proof than his head, Oh blefled reformation. Defborough was fuch a country fwain, With a hey down, down, a down down. An Eafter fun ne'er fee He drove on a majrT \Vithout any brain Such a jolt-head knave was he. With a hey down, 8cc. There is a portrait of him on horfeback, fold by Stent, 4to fize, and a wooden cut of giant Defborough, a great club in his right hand, jointly with Lambert, leading the meek knight, i. e. Richard the protector, given in the comical hiftory of Don Juan Lamberto, and which, perhaps, did not a little help to fell the book*. * In the fecond impreflion of the above book was a fe- fond part added, before which was a portrait of colonel Jrlewfon, who had been a cobbler. 5* M E M O I R S O F HIT. xix. It appears that this gentleman had children Lifc^nT^ ^7 *ke protector Oliver's fifter -, for mr. Fran- rSbiigi,, c * s Harrington, a relation of his highnefs, in a. letter, dated from Jamaica, July 14, 1655, ' befeeches his honour would prefent his hum- 1 blefervicetohis lady, and his little couzens/ A fon of his is thus handfomely fpoken of by Lockhart, in a. letter to Thurloe, dated from * Paris, may a, 1657 j ' mr. Defborough is ' really a very ingenious gentleman, and I am ' confident will anfwer the height of all your ' expectations concerning him.' It appears he was fent to France to qualify him for foreign emba&iges, the protector greatly wanting fit pejibfls for that office j few of his own relations were in all refpecls equal to char employment. B?nmia Beniamin Dejborou^h, efq. lord of the ma- D-lborough, c; i- nors of Trimnels, or Hernnels, and Wefl- Thurrock, in EfTex, was his feventh fon ; he was ftieriff of that county in 16895 and dy- ing february 21, 1707-8, was buried at Trim- nels. He married thrice ; firft, Elizabeth, daughter of . Armftcad, of Thorelby, in the tounty of Lincoln j fecond, Sarah, daughter of JOHN DESBOROUGH, ESQ.. 2:3 of Robert Norden, widow of Andrew Sam, and NU. xix. to Cornelius Vanden- Anker, (he died april 9, 1 692; Bc nj. iw- by her he had no child ; third, Mary Narden, younger fifter of his flcond wife. By the firft he had one ion, Cromwell Defborough, and by the lad, five daughters, Mary, Sarah, Elizbeth, Eliza- beth, and Jane. Cromwell Defborough, efq. married Cornelia, daughter of Cornelius Vanden- Anker ; their iflue was eight fons and two daugh- ters, i. Platt Defborough, of Downham, in Efiex, efq. who was lord of the manors of Eaft- wick, and Weflwick, both in the fame county, which are now fir William Mildmay's, he died november 14, 1741. 2, Charles. 3. Benjamin. 4. John. 5. Nehemiah. 6. John. 7. Cromwell. 5. Samuel. 9. Cornelia. 10. Mary. Valentine Defborough, efq. another of the lord v!i. Dr- 1 Defborough's children, was feated at Blocking, in Eflex, he was father of John> Valentine, and four daughters*. Of the daughters of the celebrated Defboroagh, one of them married to William Lockhart, one * There was a John Defborough, baptized at Hunting- ion, in 1657. Query: Was he any relation to my lord. Defoorough ? of 25i M E M O I R S O F uu. xix. of the protestor's lords, and who diftingui fried himfelf by his negotiations in France*. Sam. Def- Samuel Defborough, efq. was certainly related lordTeeper* 1 ' to the major-general. He was fome years in New-England, in America, whether he went, probably, to enjoy his religious opinions ; from whence he returned in 1650-1. He was one of the commifTioners of the revenues, and the fame year reprefented the city of Edinburgh in parle- ment : at a council held at Whitehall, may 4, 1 655, he was appointed one of the nine counfellors for the kingdom of Scotland ; and in the fame year keeper of the great-feal of that nation, and allowed 2000!. annually, paying out of it a falary to an under officer: in the year follow- ing he was returned a member of the britifli parlement, for the meriffdom of Mid-Lothian, and was continued in all his employments un- der the protector Richard, and ferved in his parlement for the laft place. He was certainly married, for when fent into Scotland, he urged as a reafon for his wifhingto know whether he might expect a permanent fettlement there, that he * Vide the next page. might WILLIAM L O CK HART, ESQ.. 235 might be certain of fecuring a fuitable provi- fion for himfelf, on his wife and children's account*. _ ____ ^___ No. XX. Some account of William Lockhart, efq. nephew by marriage to the protector Oliver. WILLIAM Lockhart, efq. was a native of NUM.XX. Scotland, of an ancient family: the pro- Thcrt. hon. teeter early marked him for his own. He was a harT,'efq. c " colonel in his army ; ferved as one of the members from his unclr Ol. Id. for Scotland, in the firft parlement called by that proteft.to L wis XIV. protector, and in 1654 and 1656, he was a mem- of France, ber for the fheriffdom of Lanerick, in that king- * There was an Ifaac Defborough, the elder, and James Defborough, efqrs. who were commiffi oners of affeilment wiili the major-general, for Cambridge; audaJohnDef- borough, efq. a commiiiioner for the lame purpofe in Corn- Wall. There is a gentleman in Staffordshire, \vho has took the name of Smith, in addition to that of Deiboioiigh ; it is probable he is defcended from the celebrated perlbn of of that name. The hiflory of the major general, and others of the name of Defborougli, is taken from conternpo- authors ; Thurloe's ftate papers, fecnet Jiiflory of Europe ; mr. Morant's hiflory of Effex, Sec. &c. 2 dom ; *5 MEMOIRS OF KPM.XX. dom; and, in april, 1654, he married a niece of ThTiTh^. hi s highnefs and as Defborough had a nume- Imlefiir*" rous family, and from various other reaibns, efpe- fc. a * r * daily a pafiage in a letter from Thurloe to Lock- hart, I prefume it was a daughter of that gentle- man, by a fitter of Oliver*. Upon his mar- riage, he was named a fcotch judge, and one of the truftees for felling the forfeited eftates of the royalifts in that kingdom, and appointed one of his highnefs's privy-council there; and decem- ber 10, received the honor of knighthood, at Whitehall. In 1655, he was appointed ambafia- dor from the protector to Lewis XIV. he not only proved one of the greateft and moft able negociators that Britain has ever produced, but as brave and expert a commander ; for during his ftay upon the continent, he headed the englifh forces, which (with very little affiftance from the french) took that important place, Dunkirk, the keys of * Secretary Thurloe, in a letter to life ambaflador Lock- hart, dated from Whitehall, november a8> 1657, 'H.H. * (the protcftor) docs very much rejoice to hear that your lady * is in a way of recovery, and fo doth general Dcfborough, * and truly none move than your's, &c.' If there had not been a particular connexion with Defborongh, why (hould he, any more than the other relations of the protedor, efpe- cially thofc in the palace, be fo particular in his care about Locklurt's wife. which, WILLIAM LOCKHART, E s <*. 257 which, at the reprefentation of Oliver, he had the NUM.XX. honor to receive from Lewis XIV. Lord Fau- ThTn.*hIl conberg, in a letter to Thurloe, dated may 29, i> ai r,'efq. 1658, fays, that the duke de Crequy, chevalier & ' Grammont, and other illuftrious perfons had vifited his lordmip, c and that they infinitely ef- f teemed my lord Lockhart, for his courage, care, ' and enduring the fatigue (of the camp) beyond 4 all men they ever faw; thefe,' continues his his lordihip, ' were their own words.' It is certain no ambaffador ever knew the french court better, nor was more feared and courted than him, both from the dread that na- tion flood in of Oliver, as well as their fenfi- bility of the merit, attention, and watchfulnefs of his reprcfentative. During the protectorate of Richard, he continued abroad in the fame capa- city, and had the government of Dunkirk given him. The republicans recalled him, but fenfible that no one could fo well conduct the public bufi- nefs, he was difpatched again to his government, and appointed their ambafiador to France, and plenipotentiary at the treaty of the Pyrenees ; where he ferved his mailers fo ably, that king Charles II. who came to St. John de Luz (a fmall Vol. II. S town a 5 8 MEMOIRS OF NUM. xx. town upon the frontiers of France and Spain, ^TThln. where the treaty was held) could not obtain of hM*e^r k " don Lewis de Huro, the fpanifh ambafiador, per- ambaflador, m jflj on f or t jj C duke of Ormond, to deliver any mefluage to him, but only to fpeak to his emi- nence accidentally, as he pafied along ; and cardinal Mazarine went ftill further, he declined taking the leaft notice of the king, or his am- bafiador, telling his grace, that France was not in a capacity to break with the commonwealth, and confequently, could do nothing but compaf- fionate his mafter ; on the contrary, the cardi- nal received the englifh plenipotentiary in the moil pompous manner, fending his coaches and guards a day's journey to receive him, and gave him his right-hand, which he refufed to crowned heads. After the peace was concluded, he went to Dunkirk, and from thence pafied to England ; where he received a letter from his friend, fir George Middleton, knt. then in the court of king Charles II. telling him, that the anarchy with which the kingdom was over-run, would end in the return of the royal family, and afiured him that he might make his own terms, by inviting 2 his WILLIAM LOCKHART, ESQ.. 259 his majefty to Dunkirk, but he replied ' I am NUM.XX, ' trufted by the commonwealth, and cannot be- The n. HOB. ' tray it.' He was greatly deceived by the arti- harT, efqT " fice and villainy of Monk. &c. * ' At the reftoration he was ftripped of his knight- hood, and his title of lord, which the protedor, his uncle, had conferred upon him, by calling him up to his other houfe, with three others, to reprefent his native kingdom in that aflembly : thefe degradations were the leaft of his mortifica- cations ; Scotland was ruled with a rod of iron for fome time after king Charles II. had re- gained the throne ; and thofe who had been entrufted with any power during his exile, were treated with a feverity that nothing could excufe ; then what was the nephew of Oliver, and the am- baflador, that had under his fan&ion, driven out the royal family from France, and occafioned fuch great flights to be put upon his majefty himfclf, to expect ? his fituation was torturing to excefs-, but fortunately, in 1671, the duke of Lauderdale, who thought, that from his diftrerTed condition, he mould be able to make him the crea- ture of his ambition, introduced him again to the court at London -, where he went, not from any defire to be employed, but for his own fafety : S 2 however, 6o MEMOIRS OF mm. xx. however, be never could gain Charles's efteem, TV. rt. to., or confidence ; for when a foreign minifter re- Vfm. Loek- iuit,c*f. queued bis majefty, that he might impart his bofineis to him, the king replied, * that he be- ' lieved Lcckhart would be true to any body but " himlelf.* What became of hifn after tb^s I **& not certain. His penetration, affidoky, and fidelity, deferved better of his country (whatever they might of his king) than he experienced, after the reiteration of monarchy. It is fuperfluous to fey any thing of the particulars of his embaffies, which were fo honorable to himfelf and his employers ; his very numerous letters given in Thurloe's ftate pa- pers, folly relate the former, and the latter has already been done by a foreign hand*; nor is it necefiary to fay more of his great worth ; the beft proof both of his abilities and his virtues, is Oliver's fefecring him for the hufband of his near relation ; no one formed a truer judgment of the * Monficur de Wkqoefoit, priry-connfcllor la the duke of Brenfwkk and Luncnborj Zell, in his ' Amhaflador 'znd his dmaions,* has given a relation of the embafly of mr. Lockhait,nunifler of England, at the Pprnean treaty ; with aaof others of the moft cdebxated of the englifh na- tion ; ahout the year 17 15, mr. Digby tnnuatcd the work IESO engiifli. I nerer met with it. WILLIAM LOCKHART, ESQ. *6i merit of others : and it may be here obferved, NUM. xx that by his very judicioutly marrying his female -n^T^. kinfwomen, he greatly advanced them in rank, "(* aoibflLfl^or or elfe fixed upon fuch perfons, who by their own & c . peculiar merit, or from the caft of the times, muft (with his patronage) advance themfelves, and in return, materially ferve both himfelf and the public. It is certain that there were children from the marriage of Lockhart with Oliver's niece ; (he was near dying of a lying-in, when in France, during her hufband's embaffy : me feems to have had much influence with her uncle, the protector, of whom (he requefted a company in her hufband's regiment, for her brother-in-law, Lockhart*. * The life of Lockhart is taken from feveral hiflorles of England ; lives of Oliver lord proteSor -, and ThurJoe's ftate papers. Mafterjohn Lockhart, iroflkr frm~^ > "v- > ^- / 8~% Whetibncs. A V tn e army raifed by the parlement, and wJttftone, died before Oliver's advancement to the pro- efq.broiher- in-iaw to tectorate *. Ol.ver, lord protestor. Captain The iflue of this marriage cannot be afcer- \Vtmfcooe, neph.ofoi. tained, but there was certainly a fon and a lord proted, daughter j the younger mr. Whetftone was a naval officer during .the commonwealth, and in his uncle Oliver's protectorate -, in april 1 5, 1652, he took a veffel belonging to the dutch, with whom England was then at war ; and in that undertaken by the protector againft the fpaniards : he ferved under Stokes, admiral of trie fleet in the Mediterranean, and was em- * No writer has mentioned any further particulars of mr. Whetftone, or of what family he was ; in Lincolnftiire was a genteel family of that name : York, in his union of honor, gives for their arms, argent, a lion rampant, fable ; on a canton, gules, a cinquefoil, ermine, ployed WHETSTONES. 263 ployed by him to command a fquadron with NU. xxi the French, June 15, 1658, but he behaved whetftones. fo little to the fatisfadion of the admiral, that ^ ta t '" W netitonf , he fent him home, with others, under an ar- JjfpwtS! reft, and apologized to Thurloe, by letter, for c having put any difrefpect upon one fo nearly ' allied to his highnefs,' and defired the fecre- tary to acquaint him, f that he had {hewed little f regard to the protector and his own intereft.' A court-martial of the admiralty was ap- pointed to try him, at which all the com- "miflioners of the admiralty were to aflift, with many other officers and gentlemen j the quorum not to be lefs than fourteen ; as Oli- ver's death immediately followed, and the dif- turbances foon after fucceeded, perhaps his trial never took place. I have not been able to difcover more of this gentleman's hiftory*. His fifter Levina was married to major ^JJ"J, Richard Beke, february 7, 1655-6, at White- jjgjfjj hall, in a very pompous and magnificent man- i. BcT*,' ner ; the protector and fever al nobles gracing R^dhJ it with their prefence, as may be feen in the- pro: ' * Thurloe's Rate papers, S 4 following 64 MEMOIRS OF THE NU. xxi. following item, no. XI. given in Peck's defi- WbctSones. derata curiofa, entitled, a certificate of major vvl'clftooc, Richard Beke's marriage with mrs. Levina ^af'oT Whetftone, a relation of tlie lord protector RKh!B?kei O. Cromwell, dated the 7th of february, R^l*ithc 1655, and which is called an original (once mr. Oudart's) and then in the hands of the editor ; it runs thus, * Thefe are to certifie whom it may concern, ' that upon the xii day of January MDCLV. ' it was defired by Richard Beke, Gent, (the ' Sonne of Henry Beke, deceafed, & Frances c his Wife, now Inhabitants of Yorke, & Le- ' vina Whetftone, Spinfter, the daughter of Whetftone & his Wife, late Inha- * bitants in the Netherlands) that Publication f fhould be made of their Intention of Mar- * riage in the publlque Meeting Place in the < Parilh church of Martins in the Fields, in the * county of Middlefex, c Accordingly, in obedience to an Aft of c Parliament commandinge me thereunto, I made publication in the publique Meetinge * Place in the Parilh Church of Martins, &c. of the Intention of Marriage of Richard Beke 3 * WHETSTONES. 265 c & Levina Whetftone, both of the Pariili of NU. XXL * Martins aforefaid, upon three feveral Lordes wCiw^. e Dayes, at the Clofe of Morninge Exercife; wJ one * namely, upon the xiii. xx &: xxx dayes of ^ f Jjj < January, MDCLV. All which was faithfully ^ c r h . to B ^i; performed according to the faid Act without aSalfchJ -> protr&or. ' Exception. 4 In Witnefs whereof I have hereunto fett * my Hand, the vi. day of February, MDCLV. 4 William Williams, Regifter of the ' Parifh of Martin in the Fields/ c (Then follows Name Hen. Scobell) c This marriage was folemnized on Thurf- e day the vii of Feb. MDCLV. at Whitehall, c in Prefence of his Highnes the Lord Pro- * tedor, the Lord Prefident, Lord Deputy of Ireland, Edmund Sheffield, Earl of MuK * grave, & many others.' This mrs, Beke is mentioned by lord Fau- conberg in the poftfcript of a letter to his brother-in-law, Henry Cromwell, lord-deputy of Ireland, in which his lordihip tells Henry, that their * ihee cofen Beake is out of all hopes * of lyfe / bur whether fhe died at that time is s66 MEMOIRS OF is uncertain : her hufband was knighted by the protector Richard j perhaps he was the fame perfon who was returned for Aylefbury, i Wil- liam and Mary, and 7 and 10 of* the reign of king William. I am unable to trace the de- fcendants of this marriage*. No. XXII. e life of colonel John Jones, one of king Charles L's judges , and a lord of his brother- in-law Oliver the protestor's other houfe. NIT. xxii. /COLONEL Jones has received excefs of admiration and refpeft, as alfo the full weight of hatred and contempt, juft as party er-in-iaw, prejudice has fuggefted : the. republicans ve- Oliverlord . ' . . pro te aor,to nerate him as one or their molt virtuous pa- be one of bis lords, tnots, a fecond Brutus ; the puritans, as one of the choiceft of their faints ; and the royalifls, as the foremoft of incendiaries, and the molt implacable of enemies j their regard and de- teftation of him is fo great as to prevent the * The few particulars that I have collected refpe&ing thcfe Whetftones, have been gathered from Thurloe's ftate papers, Peck's defiderata curiofa, and Willis's not. parl. difcovering JOHN JONES, Es a- 167 difcovering trutfi ; and it is with difficulty that NU XXII- impartiality can believe it the fame perfon that ^^f fuch oppofite characters are given of; nor is it J hn ^ e ones> his character only that they fo greatly vary in ; his identity feems to be loft alfo in the de- fcription of his original fortune and fituation in life. The cavaliers fay, he was a mean perfon of Wales, and deflgned for trade, but from fome caufe (which they do not explain) he became a fervant to a gentleman, and was afterwards in the fame capacity to fir Thomas Middle- ton, lord mayor of London, and in which he continued many years. On the contrary, the republicans difplay him as a gentleman of North- Wales, of a com- petent eftate ; and though it muft be fuppofed many perfons, in a civil war, from the meaneft beginnings, raifed themfelves to power and riches, yet there is no reafon for fuppofmg, that colonel Jones was one of the number; probably, he was a gentleman by birth, but had only a fmall paternal inheritance ; and which, in the diffractions of his country, he, no doubt, greatly augmented: as^to his fer- vile a5S MEMOIRS OF jfu xxn. vile ftate, I look upon that as a miftake or The nf e of mifreprefentation ; for it is acknowledged, that jo^n^ones, t ^ e f jj. p Q j. j^ j^ j n t ^ e parlement army (into which he went upon the commencement of the civil war) was a captain of foot, and next to a certainty that he was returned a member for Merionethfhire, in 1640*: his reducing the ifle of Anglefey to obedience procured him the greateft refpect, and the par- ticular regard of the long-parlement. None were more implacable againft the king than him ; he not only fat in the high court of juftice at that unfortunate monarch's trial, but figned the warrant for his execution : upon erecting the commonwealth, he was con- * It appears by Willis's not. parl. that John Jones, efq. was returned a member for the county of Merioneth, ill 1640, and in 1656 for the counties of Derby and Merio- neth ; in 1656, in the latter returns, he is ftiled colonel : there is no other John Jones mentioned in thofe parlements, except a John Jones, efq. who was returned one of the city members for London ; but as he was likcwife in Richard s parlement, it could not be this perfon, as he was then in the other hoafe ; and we may be fure that Oliver's brother- in-law would fit in thofe parlemcnts he called, prior to the creation of his houfe of lords. fti tuted JOHN JONES, Es * a dean, and that he was, I think, the firft in that exalted dignity that was. a married man, except archbifhop Cranmer : his grace died november 22, 1694, in the arms of his beloved friend, the pious Robert Nelfon, efq. This great good man was the fon of Robert Tillotfon, a clothier of fortune, in Sowerby, in the parifh of Halifax, and county of York, by Mary, the daughter of Thomas Dopfon, of the fame place, gentleman ; he was born in the latter end of feptember, or in the beginning of the following month, in the year 1630 j april 23, 1647, he was admitted penfioner of Clare-hall, in Cambridge, under the tuition of mr. David Clarkfon j became batchelor of arts at midfummer, 1650, and eleded fellow of that hall the chriftmas following ; he took a mafter of arts degree in 1654, and, in 1656, that of doclor of divinity. * The archbifliop's family feem much inclined to diffent from the efiablifiied church : mr. Nath. Tillotfon, ao eminent quaker-preacher was nearly allied to his grace. T4 At i 2 8o M E M O I R S O F U.XXIII. At the reftoration he conformed to the 6&rMi church of .England, and became fuccefiively is curate to the doctor (afterwards biihop) Wil- fon, &c. kins, of the church of St. Lawrence, in Lon- don, and to doctor (afterwards bifhop) Hacket, of the church of Chefhunt, in Hertfordfhire. Sir Thomas Barnadifton, knt. gave him the rectory of Ketten, or Keddington, in the county of Suffolk, in 1663, upon the depriva- tion of mr. Samuel Fairclough ; in the fol- lowing year, he was chofen preacher of Lin- coln's-Jnn, and foon after tuefday lecturer of St. Lawrence's church, in London. He was preferred to the canonry of Chrift's- church, in Canterbury, in 1669, and to the prebendary of St. Paul's, in 1675; and from thence removed to the deanery of Norwich, which, in 1672, he exchanged for that of Canterbury, At the revolution he was looked upon with particular favor, on account of his mildnefs and moderation ; and he was made, fuccef- fively, refidentiary of St. Paul's, clerk of the clofet D R . JOHN TILLOTSON. 28* clofet to their majefties, and dean of St. Paul's, NU.XXIIL all in the year 1680 : and upon the deprivation Some parti- culars of hi* of doftor Sancroft, in 1691, he was (much g raced <-- x John Til- againft his own inclination) raifed to the ar- lolfon > 8C - chiepifcopal throne, which he filled with the greateft honor to himfelf, and advantage to the church. His grace died at his palace of Lam- beth, aged 65, and was buried on the left fide of the altar of the church of St. Lawrence Jewry, to whofe memory an handfome monu- ment is creeled over his vault. The lady of the archbifhop furvived him, and as he had forefeen, fo it happened, that he left her in a very indifferent fituation ; for when he was prefTed by king William to ac- cept of the primacy, amongft other obje6tions, he urged, that he knew he fhould not be able to lave any thing ; and as his private fortune was fmall, he ftiould leave a poor widow of Canterbury ; his majefty promifed, if fhe fur- vived him, to obviate that inconvenience ; and as his grace died worth fo little, that even his debts would not have been all paid, had not the firft fruits been forgiven him ; his widow sS* MEMOIRS OF KU.XXIII. widow had little elfe than what the copyright ^~^-*~> ^ kj manufcript fermons fold for (which was Some parti- C rlc"d' f h ' s two thoufand five hundred guineas) ; his ma- loifoii^ic. j e fty> therefore, granted her an annuity, may 2, 1695, of four hundred pounds during her life ; and, in confequence of fome loffes that fhe had fuftained, the king granted her an addi- tion to this of two hundred pounds alfo for life, auguit 18, 1698 ; and becaufe no dimi- nution fhould be made, his majefty always, from his own hands, punctually fent the half year's dividend as foon as it became due. Children of The archbiftiop had four children, i. a fon dr.jn.Tii- who died when juft arrived at the age of man- lotfon, &c, hood, whofe lofs, the archbifhop deplores in a letter to mr. Hunt, a friend of his grace's ; 2. Elizabeth, died unmarried a very little time be- fore her father ; 3. who furvived the pri- mate ; fhe married James Chadwick, efq. acom^ miffioner of the cuftoms in the reign of William III. to this gentleman bifhop Wilkins dedicates his vindication of doctor Tillotfon's fermons, from the charge of focinianifm -, the iiTue of this marriage, was two fons, George and John ; and ? 4. Mary, DR. JOHN W ILK INS. 283 4. Mary, who became the wife of .mr. Fowler, fon of do&or Fowler, bifhop of Gloucefler ; he was fome time a linen-draper, in Cheapfide, London*. No. XXIV. The life of dr. Wilkins, bijhop of Chefter, brother- in-law to the protettor Oliver. D R. John Wilkins was the fon of mr. Walter NU.XXIV. Wilkins, a goldfmith and citizen of Ox- Ttu-iifeof ford ; this fon was born at Faufley, near Daven- try, in 1614, in the houfe of his maternal grand- father, the rev. John Dod, the celebrated deca- logiit*; the firil rudiments of learning were * The hiftory of dr. French and archbifhop Tillotfcn, and his family, is taken from Wood's Athen. Oxon. various hiftories of England, lives of the protector Oliver, life of archbifliop Tillotfon : dr. Burnet promifed to give to the editor, F. H. M. A. who compiled it from the minutes of the rev. mr. Young, clean of Salifbury, fome further account of his grace's family, but unfortunately he died immediately after; non-conformift memorial; and lives of illuflrious perfons who died in 1712. * John Dod was born at Shortledgc, in the county of CJiefter, where his father had a competent cflatc : he was educated a 84- M E M O I R S OF NU xxiv. taught him by mr. Edward Sylvefler, who kept The iifc of a private fchool in Oxford, and where he made dr.Wilk.ms. fo great a progrefs, that at eafter term 1657, when he was no more than thirteen years old, he was admitted a ftudent at New-Inn, in that univerfity ; after a mort flay there, he was removed from thence to Magdalen-hall, and placed under the care of mr. John Tombes, the celebrated ana- baptift difputant , that gentleman's leaving the univerfity in 1630, occafioned his pupil's not taking his firft degree at the regular time, for he did not receive that of batchelor of arts till michaelmas term, October 20, 1631 ; and in act term 1634, he became matter of arts. At this time he was twenty-one years of age, and taking holy orders, he was immediately appointed chaplain to William lord vifcotint Say and Scale, and afterwards fucceffively ferved lord Berkley, and prince Charles, count palatine of the Rhine, whilft he refided in this kingdom, in the fame capacity ; a mutual love for the ftudy of the mathe- educated at Jefus's college, Cambridge ; and was, fays Ful- ler, * by nature, a witty ; by iaduftry, a learned ; by grace, a godly divine.' He ended his miniflry at Faufley, in f Noitliarnptonfhire. n:atics DR. J OHN WILKINS. 285 matics was the caufe why he obtained this laft NU.XXIV. honor j whilft he attended upon the prince he -^Th^ omitted no opportunity of improving himfelf in d '- wakuls - this his favorite ftudy. The doctor (then mr. Wilkins) was early biaffcd in favor of the puritans, and therefore complied without any reluctance, with the order of the parlement, in taking the folemn league and covenant, to qualify himfelf to retain his chaplainfhip. As the univcrfities were clouded with the bigo- try of the times, and little improvement could be obtained there, by the aflbciation of men of equal liberality with himfelf, he propofed a philofophi- cal meeting in London, which gave the firft hint to the royal fociety. The parlement committee for the reformation of the univerfity of Oxford, wifely viewing him as one of the greateft and moft refpectable of their party, chofe him, in 1648, to be warden of Wadham- college; he, to qualify himfelf for it, april 12, took his degree of batchelor of divinity, and the day following, was put in pofTdTion, upon the .ejection of the rev. John Pitt, B.D. December 1 8, in 36 MEMOIRS OF NU xxiv. i n t he fame year, he obtained the degree of doctor The life of of divinity, and foon after took the engagement, ' to be true to the commonwealth of England, ' as it was then eftablifhed, without a king or * houfe of lords.* Being obliged to quit London to refide in his college, he endeavoured to eftablifh a meet- ing of the learned there, upon a fimilar plan , of that in the capital, which met at doctor Petty's lodgings, till that gentleman left this kingdom to refide in Ireland ; after which time the members conftantly came to Wad- ham college fo long as he remained warden ; fo that it might be juftly faid, that wherever he came he was the patron of the fciences. In the year 1656, he became the brother- in-law to the fovereign of thefe kingdoms, by marrying the widow of dodtor French, and fitter to the protector Oliver*, who granted him a difpenfation to retain his wardenfhip, * It is moft probable that dr. Wilkins well knew his lady, in her firR hufband's life time ; for we mufl fbppofe them to have been very intimate acquaintance, as they were two of the commiffiouers, or delegates, during the abfence of dr. Owen, the vice-chancellor of Oxford. though D R. J O HN W I LK IN S. S; though it was contrary to the founder's ftatutes NU.XXIV. to be held by a married man j this favor was ^hTwTlf all that he received of that protestor j Richard, dr - WilkiBS ' his nephew, alfo gave him a like difpenfation, and knowing his univerfal benevolence, pro- moted him alfo to the mafterfhip of Trinity- college, in Cambridge (upon the death of doctor Arrowfmith, who died in the beginning of 1659) as thinking he would be as fervice- able in that as he had been in the other uni- verfity : Richard not only loved, but trufled him ; for he appointed him one of his cabinet council, and with lord Broghill and colonel Philips, took his advice upon moft affairs. The ufe he made of his alliance with the Cromwell family was the moft noble ; infleact of aggrandizing himfelf and his friends, he made it only fubfervient to the great \viih of his heart, the promotion of learning, then threatened to be overcome with bigotry and fanaticifm ; for this reafon it was that he op- portunely interpofed to fhelter Oxford from the morofenefs of Owen and Goodwin. The reftoration threatened him -with ruin ; he was equally odious to the miniiler and the archbifliop j *88 M E M O I R S O F NU.XXIV. archbifhop j his conformity to the legal efta- Thciifeof blilhment was lefs thought of, than his com- " DS * plying with the parlement ordinances; but even this was trifling in comparifon of his having allied himfelf to the intruding family. So great a divine and philofopher, however, could not long languifh in difgrace ; the honor- able fociety of Gray's-Inn, fo well calculated to judge of merit, chofe him their preacher, fo early as 1660. It was a fenfible pleafure for him to be called to the capital, where he had an opportu- nity of promoting the philofophical meetings, which he took every means of advancing;, and by his care it foon came to have fome ap- pearance of a permanent fociety; as in the latter end of this year, it was refolved, that himfelf, and as many as were profeffors of Grefham college, as were of the fociety, fhould be joined to them, and that any three, or more, fhould be a committee to receive ex- periments. Upon the promotion of doctor Seth Ward to the bifhopric of Exeter, in 1662, the living of DR. JOHN W I LK I N S. 289 of St. Lawrence, Jewry, becoming void, his NU.XXIV. majefty prelented him with it : the following -^Tw^f year he was elected one of the council of the dr - wilkii v royal Ibciety, then finally eftabliihed, and be- came a noble contributor to it. . Government now began to view him with greater confidence and regard ; he was pro- moted to the deanery of Rippon j and the bifhopric of Chefte.r falling vacant, by the death of doctor George Hill, in 1668, he was, through the intereft of the duke of Buckingham (as it is generally fuppofed) fixed upon to fuc- ceed him j and, november 15, was confecrated at Ely-houfe, by do6tors Cofin, Laney, and Ward, lord bifhops of Durham, Ely, and Sa- rum -, and a fermon preached upon the occa- fion by his fon-in-law, doctor Tillotfon. In his epifcopal character he obtained the love and efteem of all, by continuing, inva- riably his accuftomed moderation to every de- fcription of men, however widely differing from him ; romanifts and fanatics, with which his diocefe was crowded, were treated with equal humanity and benevolence. Vol.11. U He 2 go MEMOIRS OF NU.XXIV. He held this fee to his death, which hap- TCjifTTf pened in London, november 19, 1672, occa- di.vviikms. onec j ky a ft pp a g e O f urine ; when he was ac- quainted with his approaching end, he replied, < I am prepared by the great experiment.' His remains were depofited in the church of St. Lawrence Jewry, and his funeral fermon was preached by doctor Lloyd, afterwards bifhop of Worcefter ; the great number of coache* that attended his funeral fufficiently befpokc the eflimation he was held in ; for, though it was a rainy day, yet more than four hundred coaches and fix followed the hearfe, befides a. great number of other carriages. As a token of his regard to Wadham col- lege and the royal fociety, he bequeathed to the former aool. and to the latter 400!. though, it muft be confefled, it was a liberality ill- timed, as he did not leave his widow fufficient to fupport herfelf as fuch : his lady, during her widowhood, refided with doctor Tillotfon, and died at his houfe, whilft he was dean of Canterbury. His lordfhip obliged the world with many publications, all excellent j feveral of them are peculiarly D*. J OHN WILKIN S. 591 peculiarly whimficalj the moft fo, his ( difco- KU.XXIV^ * very of a new world,* in which he endeavours The iife of to prove, that the moon may be habitable j and what is moft extraordinary, he pretends, that it is poffible for a man to go there j it was printed in 1638 : when the duchefs of Newcaftle faid to him, f Where am I to find ' a place for baiting at in the way up to that f planet ?' he replied, e Madam, of all the * people in the world, I never expected that * queftion from you, who have built fo many t caftles in the air, that you may lie every ' night at one of your own*.' Had dr. Wil- * The other literary works of the very learned and romantic dr. Wilkins, are, ' a difcourfe concerning a new planet, printed in 1640. Mercury, or fecret and fwifs meffenger, 1641 ; a book of great merit. Ecclefiafles, or a difcourfe of the gift of preaching, 1646. Mathematical magic, or the wonders that may be performed by me- chanical geometry, 1648. A difcourfe concerning the beauty of providence, in all the rugged paffages of it, 1649. A- difcourfe concerning prayer, 1653. An e ^ a y towards a real character and philosophical language, 1668. A fermon, preached before king Charles II. on Pro- verbs iii. 16. printed in 1669. Another fermon, preached before that king, upon Ecclef. xii. 13. printed in 1670. Alfo another fermon, preached before that monarch, from Ecclef. xii. 14. printed iu 1671. Dr. Tillotforr, U * kirn eg* MEMOIRS OF NU.XXIV. kins been fortunate enough to have lived 1 to tne era ^ tne a ' r balloons, he would certainly j iaye himfelf attempted to find a paffage to his favourite planet, the moon. We have three engravings of him j the firft is by Blootching, large half fheet, from a pic- ture, painted by M. Beale j the fecond is by White, in the frontifpiece to his f principles ' and duties of natural religion, 1675, 8va. and the third by Sturt, of the fame fize. The avowed moderation of this great and good man to the proteftant diflenters, and his principle that it is the duty of all to fubmit to whatfoever power gains the government, procured him the greateft abufe ; which, both from his virtue and learning, he ill deferved ; even the captious Anthony -a- Wood allows that ' there was nothing deficient in him, but ' a conftant and fettled mind ' the bifhop of Sarum had a proper fenfe of his worth -, for he fums up his character, by faying, f he was na- ' turally ambitious, but he was the wifeft clergy- his truftee, publiflied in 1675, ^ 1& principles and duties of natural religion ; and, in 1682, a volume of fermons, preached upon various occafions. 2 f man II E N R Y I R E T O N, E s Bridget, by Ireton, was only one fon, Henry, and HENRY IRETON, Esc*. 3ot and four daughters, Elizabeth, Jane, Bridget, Nu - xxv - 1. Henry Ireton, efq. he married Catherine, Henry ire- daughter of the right honorable Henry Powle, efq. fpeaker of the houfe of commons, and mailer of the rolls : there was no iffue of this marriage. 2. Elizabeth *, eldeft daughter of the lord- Eliza. mr. to T. Poi- deputy Ireton, was married to Thomas Pol- wu,ef Y S H. 3 , 3 ver, obferved to be wore by ladies of her time ; NU.XXVI. and though hoops were in fafhion long before her ^^^ death, nothing, 1 fuppofe, could have induced her JeS"h, to wear one. I can fo far recollect her counte- * c * nance, as to confirm what is obferved by mr. Say, of her likenefs to the beft pictures of Oliver j and me no lefs refembled him in the qualities of enter- prize, refolution, courage, and enthufiafm. She looked upon him as the firft and greateft of man- kind, and alfo as the beft ; in talking of herfelf, on the mention of any good quality, me would fay Ihe learned it of her grandfather, and would add, if me had any thing valuable, me learned it all from him. She muft certainly have had an engaging and entertaining turn of converfation, or me could not have fixed the attention of myfelf, when a boy of twelve or fourteen, and of another ftill younger, and as volatile ; and have made us often happy in liftening to her difcourfe, whether it concerned the hiftory of herfelf and her own times, or whe- ther it confifted of advice and inftruction to us, or was a mixture of both. It is impoflible to fay what figure (he might not have made in the World, had me been placed in an elevated ftation, and been honoured with the confidence of a prince or minifter ; and I believe there is no ftation to which 514 MEMOIRS OF NU.XXVI. which her fpirit would have been unequal. In ^^ the circumftances, therefore, in which (he was B f c "dj S fli, Jeft> w * tn an income, I think, of two or three hundred pounds a year, it was natural that fome- times as far, or rather farther than her fortune would admit, fhe engaged in projects of bufinefs of different kinds, by which I have been told, fhe was much oftner a lofer than a gainer. One into which (he entered, was the grazing of cattle j her going to fairs to buy them, in the only equipage fhe had, a one horfe chaife, afforded exercife at once for her courage and enthufiafm ; travelling in the night was to her the fame as in the day j and in the worft roads and weather, as in the beft; nor could fhe encounter any dangers, in which it would be too little to fay fhe was perfectly fear- lefs j it comes nearer to her character to fay, which Ihe would moft enjoy. I have heard her fay, that when in the darkeft night, on a wild open heath, with the roads of which fhe was quite un- acquainted, fhe has had to encounter the moft dreadful thunder ftorm, .fhe has then been happy, has fung this or that pfalm, and doubted not that angels furrounded her chaife, and protected her. She was as little fearful of encountering other dan- gfrs ; in particular, fhe delivered a relation from imprifon merit MRS. BEN D Y S H. 3,5 imprifonment for high-treafon, on account of the NU.XXVI. Rye-houfe plot, by a bold and well concerted ^^ ftratagem, though perfectly fenfible of the vindic- BeSyih, tive fpirit of the king and duke,~and that her own &c ' life muft have paid the price of his efcape, had me been detected. I have heard that fhe was privy to this plot when it was hatching, and you know it never came to more. I have alfo heard from herfelf, and it was confirmed by my father, and others, from good authority, that me was in the fecrct of the revolution j that me would go into mops in different parts of the town, under a pre- tence of cheapening filks and other goods, and in going out to her coach, would take the opportu- nity to drop bundles of papers, to prepare the minds of the people for that happy event. For fne might fafely be trufled with any fecret, were it ever ib important. This art of fecret keeping, 1 have heard her fay, me learned from her grandfather ; for that when me was only fix years of age, fhe has fat between his knees when he has held a cabinet-council, and on very im- portant affairs j and on fome of them objecting to her being there, he has faid ' there was no ' fecret he would trufl with any of them, that * he would not truft with that infant." And to ji6 M M O I R S O F NU.XXVI. to prove that he was not miftaken, he has Anecdotes told het fomething as in confidence, and under the charge of fecrecy, and then urged her mother and grandmother to extort it from her by promifes, careffes, and bribes ; and thefe failing, by threatenings and fevere whippings ; but fhe held Heady againft all with amazing difpaffionate firmnefs, exprefimg her duty to her mother, but her greater duty to keep her promife of fecrecy to her grandfather, and the confidence he had repofed in her. I have heard both my father and mr. Say, and others, mention this -, and I know they had no doubt <5f jth truth of it : I recoiled too, that arch- bifhop Tillotfon introduced her to queen Mary, in order that a penfion might be fet- tled upon her, to fupport her in fome degree of dignity to what fhe had known in the be- ginning of her days j but the death of that excellent prelate following foon after, and the queen's the month fuccecding to it, all hope was defeated. Happening to travel in a London ftage, in company with two gentlemen who had fwords on, flie informed them of her defcerit from Oliver, and, as ufual, was extolling him with all MRS. B E N D Y S H. 3 i 7 all that rapture to which her idolizing him to NU.XXVI enthufiafm led her ; when one of her fellow- Anecdotes travellers defcended fo much below the man, Bendjfo, &c though his appearance was that of a gentle- man, as to treat his memory with grofs indig- nity and abufe, fhe anfwered it with all the fpirit that was inherent in her, till the coacl* flopped and they got out, on which Ihe in- fantry drew the other gentleman's fword, called this a poltroon and a coward, for behaving as * he had done to a woman, and now challenged him to fhew himfdf a man, told him fhe was prepared to treat him as he might expect from his infolence, were Hie a man ; and infifted, if he would act like fuch, ,on his not taking flicker under pretence of her fex. In a violent fever, being thought paft re- covery, and infenfible to any thing that might be faid, her aunt, lady Fauconberg, and other company being in the room, and her jadyfnip, though Oliver's daughter, giving too much way to things faid in difhonour of his me- mory by fome prefent, to the aftonifhment of all, fhe raifed herfelf up, and with great fpirit faid, " if fhe did not believe her grandmother to have been one of the moft virtuous women in 3 i8 MEMOIRS OF NU.XXVI. in the world, ihc Ihould conclude- her ladyfhip jwTdTtT to b e a baftard > wondering how it could be Bemiyfh, poffiblc that the daughter of the greateft and beft man that ever lived could be fo degene- rate, as not only to fit with patience to hear his memory fo ill treated, but to feem herfelf to aflent to it." I have often heard her fay, that ce next to the twelve apoftles, he was the firft faint in heaven, and was placed next to them :" on evenings that Ihe has fpent at my father's, fhe has feemed to "be in enthufiaftic raptures, when religion made part of the fub- j eel; of converfation ; and feldom would leave the room, though it were twelve at night, or later, without fmging a pfalm ; fhe then would go into her chaife in high joy, to return to her houfe, which was a confiderable way from the town where my father lived. My account of mrs. Bendyih's pofterity is not fo exact as I could wifh , but a letter which I expect in a few days from my friend mr. Lufon, who is one of the beft and moil ami- able men I know, will, I hope, enable you to place in your collection, and tranfmit to pofte- rity, a complete character of this very extra- ordinary woman, who wanted only to have acted M*s. B E N D Y S H. 319 acted in a fuperior fphere to be ranked by NU.XXVI. hiftorians among the moft admirable heroines. Anecdote* Had fiie been in the fituation of a Zenobia, Bendyih, See. fhe would have fupported her empire, and de- fended her capital with equal fkill and refo- lution , but fhe would never have lived to decorate the triumph of an Aurelian, or have given up a fecretary, of the fidelity and abili- ties of a Longinus, to fave herfelf. If fhe had been in the fituation of Elizabeth, fhe would, without fcruple, have cut off the heads of twenty Marys, who, by furviving her, might have overturned the happy eftablifhment flic had formed, and would as glorioufly have de- fended her kingdom againft a fpanifli armada, or any hoftile force whatever, and have rather in- wardly triumphed, than been intimidated at the moft formidable preparations againft her. On re-perufing mr. Say, I find I have faid fome- thing fimilar of this lady, to what is faid by him j but it was from my own original ideas of her, and not from having read his account. J. BROOKE *.' Anecdotes c Says mr. Hewling Lufon, in a letter to dr. of mrs - B^ndylh, Brooke, c I find" fir, that mr. Say's character |, hc *. rind ' , ' daughter of Oliver, lord * This letter is dated Norwich, april 2$, 1 7 73. protestor, . by mr. H. Of Lufon. gso M E M O I R S O F Nir.xxvi. of mrs. Bendyfli, has much engaged the public notice ; the firft fight I had of this character was about twelve years ago, when it was put into my hands at London, by a lady who alked me my opinion of it, becaufe fhe knew I was well acquainted with Yarmouth and its neigh- bourhood. The copy which was Jhewn to me, was taken, as I was informed, from a manu- fcript in the library of fir Richard Ellys. Cromwell was fo great in his courage, in his parts, in his hypocrify, in his politics, and in his fortune, and thefe .conjoined, produced effects in his own days, fo aftonifhing, and even down to .our times fo interefting, that the pub- lic curiofity is naturally excited to trace the fate of his own family from his time to our own. He fucceeded in giving the mortal wound to monarckial tyranny -, it was wounded, but did not expire; it languifhed indeed, yet lived through the two fucceeding reigns, till at length, exhaufted by the wafting wound of the republican hero, it finally gave up its horrid ghoft, with the abdication of James. This, and no more, was the merit of Crom- well. Nothing could be more remote from national MRS. B E N D Y S H. 321 national freedom, than the politics and govern- NU.XXVI. ment of the uftirper, unlefs it were the priri- ^d^T ciples and manners of the times -, thefe were Lildyft, too warlike, too vindictive, and too illiberal, to receive a conftitutidnal eftablilhment of public liberty. Cromwell conquered tyranny, but he did not eftabliih freedom. Mr. Say's character of mrs. Bendyfh is per- fectly juftj in my opinion, it is well drawn, . and exhibits a ftriking likenefs. Mr. Say, with whom I was perfectly well acquainted, was a moft ingenious, modeft, worthy man ; he fought his happinefs, and found it in do- meftic peace and contemplative retirement : his wife was one of the beft of women ; he mar- ried her out of the family of mr. Carter, a wealthy merchant at Yarmouth, to whom mr. Say was nearly related* : this mr. Carter mar- ried the daughter of general Ireton, and the fitter of mrs. Bendyfli j fo that mr. Say, being thus connected with the family, had every pofli- ble advantage for an accurate examination of mrs. Bendyfh's character. This fon-in-law of Ireton died at a very advanced age, about the * She died in 1744-5, within a year after her hufband. Vol. II. Y year 3ss M E M O I R S O F NU.XXVI. year 1723 ; I well remember his perfon, but A^^ his wife died long before my time. There of mrs. ' ff C \ ' Bendyih, was no illue from this marriage, IK. When I was a boy, they tifed to fhew a krge chamber in the houfe of mr. Carter, which had alfo been the houfe of his father, in which, as the tradition went, the infamous murder of Charles I. on the fcaffold was finally determined. A meeting of the principal offi- cers in the army was held in this chamber ; they chofe to be above ftairs for the privacy of their conference j they ftrictly commanded no perfon fhould come near the room, except a man appointed to attend j their dinner, which was ordered at four, was put off, from time to time, till paft eleven at night ; they then came down, took a very fhort repaft, and immedi- ately all fet off poft, many for London, and fome for the quarters of the army. This ftory, fir, I give you from the very doubtful authority of tradition, for it has no better foundation*. * This, though no ways materially concerning mrs. Ben- dylh, was too curious to be omitted, particularly as it was fcv fliort. It is generally faid, that the violent de|f h of king Charles I. was finally determined upon at Windfor ; but there can be little doubt, that fo momentous a circumftancc would require more than ODC, probaWy many meetings, I was MRS. 6 N D Y S H. 323 I was young, not more than fixteen, when NU.XXVI- mrs. Bendyfh died, in 1727, or 1728 , yetfhe ^^ came To often to my father's houfe, that I re- BeSJlh, member her perfon, her drefs, her manner, and * her converfation (which were all ftrikingly pe- culiar) with great precifion ; and I have heard much more of her than I have feen ; fhe was certainly, both without and within, in her per- fon and in her fpirits, exactly like her grand- father the protector ; her features^ the turn of her face, and the expreffion of her countenance, all agreed very exactly to the excellent pic- tures I have feen of the protector, in the Crom- well family $ and whoever looks upon the print, prefixed to the octavo " life of Crom* well," faid to be publifhed by the late bilhop Gibfon, about the year 1725, which exactly agrees with thefe pictures, will have a clear idea of mrs. Bendyfh's perfon, if their imagi- nation can add a female drefs, a few years in age, and a very little foftening of the features , I refer to that print, becaufe the fine engraving of Cromwell in the Houbraken collection bears very little refemblance to the pictures in the Cromwell family, and no refemblance ac all to mrs. Bendyfh,, Y2 Mrs. 3*4 MEMOIRS OF NUXXIV. Mrs. Bendyih had as much of Cromwell's ^Xd^T courage as a female conttitution could receive, JfciSyX which was often exprefled with more ardour than the rules of female decorum could excufe. That enthufiafm, in which Cromwell was ge- nerally but an a&or, in her was fmcere and original ; fhe had not merely the courage to face danger, but fhe had alfo that perfecl: un- difturbed porTeflion of her faculties, which left her free to contrive the beft means to repel or to avoid it. Mrs. Bendyfh lived through what the dif- fenters but too juftly called " the troublefome times, " by which they meant the times when the penal laws againft conventicles were {train- ed to their utmoft rigour : the preaching of this feel: was then held in the clofeft conceal- ment, whilft the preachers went in momentary danger of being dragged out by fpies and in- formers to heavy fines and fevere imprifon- ments. With thefe fpies and informers fhe maintained a perpetual war. This kind of buftle was, in all refpecls, in the true tafle of her fpirit j I have heard many ftories of her dealings with thefe ungracious people ; fomc- times MRS. B E N D Y S H. 325 times fhe circumvented and outwitted them, NLJ.XXVI. and fometimes fhe bullied them ; and the ^^7 event generally was, that fhe got the poor par- a^JJfc, fon out of their clutches. Upon thefe occafions, and upon all others, when they could exprefs their attachment to her, mrs. Bendyfh was fure of the common people ; fhe was, as fhe deferved to be, very dear to them ; when fhe had money, fhe gave it freely to fuch as wanted ; and when fhe had none, which was pretty often the cafe, they were fure of receiving civility and commife- ration : fhe was not barely charitable ; fhe praftifed an exalted humanity; if in the mean- eft fick room, fhe found the fufferer infufK- ciently or improperly attended, fhe turned attendant herfelf, and would fit hours in the pooreft chamber to adminifter fupport or con- folarion to the afflicted : in this noble employ- ment fhe patted much of her time. As mrs. Bendyfh was thus beloved by the poor, to whom fhe was beneficient, fhe was reipe6ted by the richer fort of all parties, to whom, when fhe kept clear of her enthufiaftic freaks, fhe was highly entertaining. She had Y 3 ftrong 5 26 MEMOIRS OF NU.XXVI. ftrong and mafculine fenfe, a free and fpirited A^cd^T ^locution, much knowledge of the world, BenTvft great dignity in her mariner, and a moft en- gaging addrefs. The place of her refidence was called the Salt-Pans, whilft the falt-works were carried on there, but the proper name is South-Town, i. e. fouth of Yarmouth : in this place, which is quite open to the road, I have yery often feen her in the morning, flumping about with an old ftraw hat on her head, her hair about her ears, without ftays, and when it was cold, an old blanket about her fhoulders, and a ftaff in her hand ; in a word, exactly ac- coutred to mount the flage as a witch in Mac- beth ; yet if, at fuch a time, fhe was acceded by any perfon of rank or breeding, that dig- nity of her manner, and politenefs of her flile, which nothing could efface, would inflantly break through the veil of debafement, which concealed her native grandeur > and a ftranger to her cuftoms might become aflonifhed to find himfelf addrcfled by a princefs, while he was looking at a mumper. Mrs. Bendyfh refembled the protector in nothing more than in that refllefs, unabated activity of fpirit, which, by the coincidence of MRS. B E N D Y S H. 327 of a thoufand favourable circumftances, con- NU.XXVI. ducted him to the fummit of power and of fame, and entangled her generally, unfavoured by fuccefs, in a thoufand embarraflrnents and &c ' difgraces, yet fhe never fainted or was wearied; " One profped loft, another ftill fhe gain'd j" and the enthufiafm of her faith kept place with, or to fpeak more truly, far out-ran the aftivity of her mind. Perhaps warm enthufiafm of all kinds, and $ in all tempers, by attacking the temper folely to the attainment and fruition of its object, either entirely overlooks, or highly eftimates every objection, however invincible, and every obitacle, however infurmountable, which may arife in the necefifary path of its progrefs. Thus it was with her, and the habit of her mind and her temper concurred to render her inflexibly obftinate, and incurably deaf to every fuggeftion in oppofition to her refolves. Mrs. Bendyfh had, however, one conftant ne- ver-failing refource againft the vexation of difappointments ; for, as fhe determined, at all events, to " ferve the Lord with gladnefs," her way was to rejoice at every thing as it ar- Y 4 rived : 52 8 MEMOIRS OF NU.XXVI. r i ve d : if fhe fucceeded, fhe was thankful for Anecdotes that ', and, if fhe fuffered adverfity, which was .dj!^. t generally her lot, fhe was vaftly more thankful for that ; and, fhe fo managed, that her fpiritual joy always increafed with her outward fufferings. Happy delirium of pious enthufiafm. Mrs. Bendyfh's religion was in the higheft flrain of calviniftic enthufiafm ; and dosftor Owen, in his writings, was her fpiritual guide. She no more doubted the validity of her election to the kingdom of Heaven, than fquire Wilkes doubts the validity of his for the county of Middlefex. But mrs. Bendyfh's enthufiafm never carried her to greater lengths of extravagance than in the jufli- fication of her grandfather, of whofe memory fhe was paffionately fond. It, however, unfortunately happened, that her fancy led her to defend him exactly in that part of his character which was leaft defenfible. She valued him, no doubt, very highly, as a general and politician ; but fhe had got it fixed in her head, that this kind of fame was vain and worthlefs, when compared with the gracious glory of Oliver's faintfhip. " A chofen veflel," he was, " a regenerated child of God, divinely infpired," and much more jargon MRS. B E N D Y S H. 329 jargon of this fort : me was perpetually attempt- NU.XXVI. ing to tranflnte from her own imagination into Anecdotes her auditors : now, it could not but happen, d y ih, & c . that, for five hundred who might be prevailed with to receive Oliver as a great general, not five could be found who would admit him as a great faint ; and this conftant kicking againft Oliver's faintfhip, wrought the lady fore travail. On fuch occafions her friends gave way to her whims, or laughed them off; but, when her faith in Oliver was gravely contefted by ftrangers, great and fearful was her wrath. Mrs. Bendyfh gravely infilled in converfation with her friends, that Oliver was one day feeking the lord, with fuch fervour of devotion, and ftriv- ing for a gracious anfwer with fuch vehemence of fpirit, that the tears were forced from him in fuch abundance, as to run under the clofet-door into the next room. This, to be fure, was fnivelling to fome purpofe. A gentleman, to whom this information was particularly addrefled, obferved, in reply, " that it was difficult to fay precifely, what abundant fountains of tears might fill up and run over the lord's chofen veflels ; yet he could not help fufpecting, that the flood under the clofet-door, occafioned by the pro- 2 tedor's 33 o M E M O I R S O F NU.XXVI. tector's ftruggles, was deriveckfrom fome other Anecdotes fource than his eyes." This (he bore pretty well. *jS?ke' n ~ But it happened in a ftage coach, where fhe was not known, mrs. Bendyfh fell into a violent difpute in behalf of the protector : the 'oppo- nent was as hot and as violent as the lady ; and if, towards the end of the ftage, their anger fubfided, it was not for want of wrath, or of words to keep it up, but for want of breath to give it utterance. After they went out of the coach, and had taken fome refrefhment, the old lady very calmly and refpectfully defired to fpeak apart with the gentleman who had been the opponent in the difpute. When Ihe had him alone, Ihe told him, with great compofure, " he had, in the greateft manner, belied and abufed the mod pious man that ever lived ; that Crom- well's blood, that flowed in her veins, would not allow her to pafs over the indignities caft on his memory in her prefence ; that fhe could not handle a fword, but fhe could fire a piftol as well as he, and that fhe demanded immediate fatisfaction to the injured honour of her family." The gentleman was exceedingly amazed at the oddnefs of this addrefs ; but, as he happened to carry about him good ienfe enough to teach him how to acl: upon the fpot, he immediately told 3 her, MRS. B E N D Y S H. 331 her, there were many great qualities in Oliver, NU.XXVI. which he honoured as much as me could ; that, Anecdote* of mrs if h? had known, or fufpedted, her relation to him, he would not have faid a word on the fub]..ct to give her offence, and that he fincerely afkc-d her pardon." This fubmifiion compleatly fatisii-id her, and they finiihed their journey with much pleafure and good-humour ; but faint Oli- ver iv cis not again brought on the tapis. The truth of this ftory I never heard queftioned. As the whole of mrs. Bendyfh's perfonal ceco- jiomy was not of the common form, her hours of vifiting went generally out of the common feafon She would very frequently come and vifit at my father's at nine or ten at night, and fometimes later, if the doors were not fhut up. ,On fuch vifits me generally flayed till about one in the morning. Such late vifits, in thefe fuber times, were confidered by her friends as highly inconvenient, yet nobody complained of them to her. The refped me univerfally com-/ manded, gave her a licence in this and many other irregularities. She would, on her vifits, drink wine in great plenty ; and the wine ufed to put her tongue into very brifk motion ; but I do not remember that Ihe was ever difgrace- fully expofed by it. ' There 3 3? MEMOIRSOF NU.XXVI. There was an old mare, which had been the Anecdotes faithful companion of mrs. Bendy fh's adventures B 11 ^if ^ .r il . s +- a . |f 42a JN|f I --? t'S r .c rs - 2 -2 c i U j .S .2 ^ PBS t) ^ u ^3 ,i:-i ? > . s lljfjH *3l5l slaij -is H- i^ ft 'r*1 wu8'-5 I 0-3^8 CHARLES FLEET WOOD, Es*. 335 Charles Fleetwood was early initiated in the N xxva R ' fervice of the court j and his majefty, to at- v v . " tach him to it. gave him the place of receiver Cha - of the court of wards, which his uncle, Myles Fleetwood, efq. had enjoyed ; but this was no tie to him , for when the difpute between the king and his parlement was to be decided by the fword, he fpurned all places of emolument, when the conftitution feemed threatened by an indulgent, but as he judged, tyrannical mailer. He was one of thofe gentlemen of the inns of court who learnt the military duties, and formed themfelves into a guard to protect the perfon of the earl of EfTex, the parlement ge- neral ; in march, 1644-5, ^ e was a trooper under that nobleman 5 foon after he obtained the rank of colonel of foot, had the govern- ment of Briftol given him upon its reduction by the parlement; and, in October, in that fame year, he was conducted to the houfe of com- mons in triumph, as one of the returned knights for the county of Bucks. In June, 1647, tne parlement appointed hint one of their commiflioners to treat with the king* 336 M E M O I R S OF NUMBER king j but, from the temper of both parties, it v^A^J- was attended with no good effects; though he S^Ficef- was f partially difpofed to the intereft of the c . ' eq ' army, he was no ways concerned in the violent death of the fovereign ; after that unhappy cataftrophe, he was inferior to few in the power he had in the army, fo that he poflerTed fome of the firft places under the commonwealth ; he was raifed to the rank of lieutenant-general, and made one of the council of flate. He particularly diftinguifhed himfclf at the battle near Worcefter, in which king Charles II. fuffered a total defeats and he and Lambert fo won the regard of Cromwell that day, that it was with difficulty that he was prevented from knighting them. Upon Ireton's death, Cromwell fixed upon him to marry his widow, not only on account of his own intereft, but alfo for that of his nu- merous relations, feveral of whom wereperfons of no fmall weight in the army, particularly Lambert*. * BeGdes the relations of mr. Fleetwood, mentioned in the pedigree, Lambert, colonel Scudamore, mr Faircloth, and many others, then confpicuous peribns, were allied to him. As CHARLES FLEETWOOD, ESQ.. 337 As he 'was now the fon-in-law of the lord- NUMBER XX VI I general Cromwell, he procured him, in June, *-^->l, 1652, the poft of commander in chief of all the Ch,Fie- forces in Ireland ; and, at the fame time, got him & ' e * invefted with a commifiionerfhip for the civil department ; and this that he might pave the way for his intended grandeur: he embarked for that kingdom in feptember following*, and fo entirely fecured the ifland to the intereft of his father-in-law, that the council was prevailed upon to proclaim him protector of Ireland, as well as England, which fo pleafed Oliver s that he de- clared him lord-deputy. But, notwithftanding his compliances to the protector, he joined with Defborough and Lam- bert, in violently oppofing his taking the title of king, though the parlementj in 1657, offered it him : he was certainly greatly attached to a republican form of government $ and which, fome fay, he imbibed from the prejudices his * Whilft mr. Fleetwood was in Ireland, he was ele&ed, in 1654, member for Woodftock and Marlborough ; it was cuftomary during the protectorates, as may have been ob- ferved by the reader, to return the fame member for various places -, the fame happened to Fleetwood in 1656, when he fat as member for the counties of Oxford and Norfolk, and the borough of Marlborough, Vol. II. Z wife 35 S M EM O I R S OF NUMBER wife entertained againft the kingly office : his v affection to a common-wealth, and to the fectaries, The life of , _ cha. Flea, how wild fo ever their tenets were, particularly wodj efq, &c. the anabaptifts, was well known to the Cromwell family ; and it is curious to fee how artfully they endeavoured to deceive each other, parti- cularly the father, and the fon-in law ; Oliver, not thinking it fafe to truft him in Ireland, where there were fo many difaffected perfons to his government, and the prefbyterian worfhip, wrote him a moft canting letter, to excufe fend- ing his fon Henry over ; who, indeed, only went with a military commiflion ; but, in fact, was to watch and guard his conduct till an opportunity fhould offer to fupercede him in that govern- ment, and which fome time after offered. . To fweeten this difgrace, he was, in december following, made one of the new-created lords, and placed in the other houfe : he had before been appointed principal of the major-generals, which were fet over England and Wales, and to whom the government of the nation was arbi- trarily committed : the counties he prefided over were numerous ; they were Norfolk, Suffolk, Eflex, Cambridge, Huntingdon, Oxford, Bucks, and C H A R L E S F L E E T W O O D, E s Q_. 339 and Hertford ; the three latter he governed in NUMBER r XXVII. perlon ; the others were left to the care of his deputy major Haynes. wood, fee. He wifhed to be declared commander in chief in Scotland ; but the fame reafons forbid that as occafioned his recal, from Ireland : he was a difcontent during the latter part of Oliver's pro- tectorate*, but much more fo in Richard's : he had (to keep him from abfolutely revolting) been cajolled by Oliver, with the hopes of fuc- ceeding to the fovereignty ; and, probably, he had been once appointed his fucceflbr"}". * There is no truth in what either Heath or Bates fay, that Fleetwood refufed to go to Whitehall, which was the more obferved ; one of them pretends to remark, becaufe he lived fo near, and his fitter Clcypole was then dying, and all the family were bewailing fo great a calamity but it is cer- tain he conftantly attended both during her's and the protec- tor's illneis, and gave Ht-nry Cromwell, lord-deputy, con- ftant, and even tender relations refpecling the fituation of their diforders. f Thurloe, in a letter to Henry Cromwell lord-deputy, dated auguft 30, 1658, fays, that he did not ihink his father had declared a fuccelfor ; though, before he was the fecond time inftalled, it is certain that he had, arid fealed it up in form of a letter, and direcled it to Thurloe, but kept both the name of the perfon and the paper him fell', and that after he fell fick at Hampton-court, he fcnt mr. John Harrington for it, telling him it lay upon the (ludy table at Whitehall, but Z 2 it 34 MEMOIRS OF NUMBER Richard knowing his chagrin, and the ex- XXVII. N-^~>^ tenfive power he had in the army, durft not The life of . . , cha. Fleet- take upon him the government till he had afked &c. ' and obtained his confent to be declared pro- tector ; and he figned the proclamation for that purpofe, only becaufe he thought he mould rule him, as Richard was intirely unacquainted with public bufmefs. He was continued in all thofe places the pro- tector Oliver left him pofiefied of, and honoured alfo with being named one of his highnefs, Richard's, privy counfellors, and appointed (with Defborough) one of the lords of the Cinque- Ports, and conftable of Dover 5 but, as the pro- tector knew his fentiments, with regard to himfelf, and difliking him alfo for that over- righteoufnefs, which was by no means his own difpofition; he never favoured him with any of his confidence, but treated him with caution, if not diflike : perceiving this, he was determined to dethrone him, in hopes of attaining to what he pretended he could never be fatisfied in his it was not found there, nor elfewhere, though it had been narrowly looked for. Some think, that one of the protec- tor's daughters knowing its contents were in favor of Fleet- wood) deftroyed it. confcience CHARLES FLEETWOOD, Es<>. 341 confcience in permitting another to engoy, how- NUMBER ever near to him : with this view he obliged him to diffolve his parlement ; and, in the end, to fign his own quietus : upon the reftoration of the rump-parlement, and with it the republic, he was appointed one of the council of ftate, and next month lieutenant-general ; but the parle- ment perceiving that his aim was to again fubject the nations to the rule of the army, recalled their commiflion: fearful, however, of exafperating him, they made him one of the commiffioners to govern all the forces ; they alfo gave him a company of horfe, and another of foot, and complimented him with the rangerfhip of St. James's park : all this, however, was not fuf- ficient to fatisfy his ambition, or to attone for the affront he thought they had put upon him : he, therefore, forcibly withheld the mem- bers from going to the houfe, by which he fufpended their authority, fo that the govern- ment became again vefted in the army ; to oblige him, or rather Lambert (whofe abject tool he was) they made him a member of their general council of ftate, commander in chief, and one of the feven who were to confult about a new form of government : weak man ! he now Zj thought 34* MEMOIRS OF NUMBER thought he had near brought his fchemes to XXVII. v N^~ bearj when the nation, effectually tired of the cha. Fleet- almoft weekly revolutions, thought rhat the wood, eiq. &c. only, way to give the nation quietncfs and peace, was to recal the exiled king. Alarmed at the danger, and finding his intereft rapidly decline, he wilhed much to reftorc the government to the long-pdrlcment ; but, per- ceiving that in vain, he turned his thoughts upon making his peace with his lovtreign ; and, it is certain, that had he acted with boldnefs and refolution, in favour of the restoration, he might have not only fecured his pardon, but have acquired honours and riches, as his fituation made him, at this time, of no fmall importance: he did, indeed, profds great duty and refpect to his majefty, and promifed that, upon the landing of either the king, or the duke of York, in any part of England, he would openly declare for monarchy : but this was fcarcely faying any thing : when fo many were forward to offer their fervices, he mould have thrown afide all parley- ing, and embraced the moment, that, when loft, was never to be regained : Whitlock, who had great penetration, and the beft intelligence, urged his CHARLES FLEET WOOD, ESQ.. 343 his declaring openly for the king, and even un- NUMBER XXVII dertook to be the meffenger ; and had, at one *-~v ', time, obtained his promife to fend him, but the C^.'F^. next moment came in Vane, Defborough, and &c! ' ' Berry, who, giving him contrary aJ.vice, timid and irrefolute, he declared he could not do it without Lambert's confent -, and, though 'Whit- lock told him that there was neither time nor reafon for waiting Lambert's anfwer, yet he eould not prevail. The folly of not fo'lowing Whitlock's advice was near coding him his life : the well-known hatred he had for monarchy, and the intereft he had in the army, made the court anxious to have him taken off ; but, through the interpofition of lord Lichfield, he was, with difficulty faved, but not without being fubjecl: to fuch pains, im- priibnment, and confifcation, as a fubfequent acl: of parlement fhould adjudge: happily for him, he experienced fo much mercy as to be fet at liberty, and permitted to fpend the remainder of his life in the moft contemptible obfcurity, amongft his friends at Stoke- Newington, near London, where he died foon after the revolution ; the taking place of which mult be highly ac- Z 4 ceptablc 344 MEMOIRS OF NUMBER ceptable'to one who flood in fo much fear of v-rv-^' that dreadful monfter prerogative : he had the chl/Fim- courage to continue a non-conformift (I think of wo^efy ^ prefbyterian perfuafion) for which he under- went many hardfhips, particularly in the year 1686, when the informers againft thofe who fre- quented meeting-houfes broke in upon him at Stoke - Newington, and levied a very heavy fine*. Fleetwood was indebted neither to his fkill in the military line, or to the depth of his capa- city, for his grandeur : his influence in the camp was owing intirely to his gift of praying j which, in an army compofed of religious fanatics, muft make the pofTefTor of fuch a powerful accom- plimment, however elfe ridiculous, of no fmall confequence : it is almoft incredible to what i excefles his devotion carried him : praying he thought the beft means of oppofing an enemy : it was better, he faid, than trufting to ' carnal weapons,' or e exerting the arm of the flefh :' and, if his pious rapfodies were not heard, he reconciled it by faying, that * God had fpit in, * The fines at Stoke^-Newington, from Fleetwood, fir John Hartoppe, and others, amounted to 6oool. or 7000! his. CHARLES FLEETWOOD, ESQ., 345 his face, and would not hear him V and when NUMBER. XXVII the diffenfions in the army were fo high as even *^~^, to render his perfon in danger, he would be upon JhL'rieef.. his knees, and it was with difficulty that he was d ' f * roufed from his devout reveries, by the molt earneft intreaties of his deareft friends. The cavaliers thought it proceeded from another mo- tive, fear*f. He was over-bearing and adventrous in prof- perity, ruining that intereft which alone could * Alluding to this expreffipn of his, the poet in the fong cf the rump, thus fpcaks : Then fuddenly Fleetwood fell from his grace, And now cries, Heaven has fpit in hisface^ Tho' he fmelt it came from another place. t It is certain that Fleetwood, though he difplayed on fe- veral occafions perfonal courage, has been taxed with co- wardice the fongs of the ' committee of fafety,' and of the cobler's laft will and teftament, or the lord Hewfon's 4 tranflation,' thus records his valor : diaries Fleetwood is firft, and leads up the van, "Whofe counterfeit zeal turns cat in the pan, And dame Sanftey will fwear he's a valiant man. Oh bleffed reformation. Firft to the new lords I would give all, But that (like me) they're like to fall, Though heartlefb Ficetwood has no gall, havtf 346 . M E M O I R S O F NUMBER have kept him from contempt ; bur, in the hour XXVII s_^-^. of diftrefs, he loft all firmnefs, making at one cha.Vieet- time mean fubmilTions to that very parlement, & '* which juft before he had treated with the greateft fcorn , and, at another, furrendering himfelf tamely, upon their proclamation, before his party was ruined. He was religious, and had the greateft vene- ration for civil liberty ; but his ideas of both were fo romantic, fantaftical, and erroneous, that they were blemifhes, inftead of ornaments, to his character : he had formed better notions of the vanity of accumulating money : he thought * God's bleffing, with a little great riches*,' the kindnefs which he fhewed to the Cromwell fa- mily, after their fall, proceeded more from policy than real goodnefs : he only held them forth to affright the republican parlement : he had both too much feared and injured them to have a real value or regard for them. 'O * Letter to Henry Cromwell, lord deputy, dated January 18, 1658-9, given in Thurloe's ftate papers ; and in which he alfo fays you know my ftate and condition, I cannot * make an advantage of my public employments, as many * have, or others fuppofe I due,' It C HAUL ES FLEETWO'OD, ESQ.. 34? It is certain he had one or more children by NUVTRER XXVII Oliver the protedlor's daughter ; but it is no .^-v-*-/ where mentioned what became of them *. a/S- After that lady's death, he married Frances, daughter of Solomon Smith, of Norfolk, efq. by whom he had a fon and daughter; I. Smith Fleetwood, of Felt well, in Norfolk, efq. who married Mary, daughter of fir John Harfoppe, bart. and had by her two fons, i. Smith Fleet- wood, efq. who died in January, 1708, and is buried at Newington church, in Middlesex ; and 2. Charles Fleetwood, efq. 3. Elizabeth, who married to fir John Hartoppe, bart. mentioned above: (he died in november, 1711. There were till lately fome of the family of Fleetwood reiided at the feat of Armington-Hall, in Nor? * Fleetwood mentions in various letters written i& 1654, and 1655, that his lady was then in the increafing way, fo that we may fuppofe he had at leaft two children by Bridget his firft wife, and that they were alive in 1658-9, as he then men- tions his having children. Vide Thurloc's (late papers; in which are letters written by him to Henry Cromwell, his brother in-law, dated June 7, 1654, augufl 8, 1654, auguft 7, 1655, and Jan. 18, 1658-9 ; and one to Thur- loe, dated July li, 1655. Mrs. Cook, of Newington, grand-daughter of the protector, is probably defcendcd from this marriage ; fhe has a letter from Oliver to Fleetwood. folk, wood, efq. Ice. 348 M E M O I R S OF SFMBER folk, and aifo in Suffolk, where the Fleetwoods xxvii. ^-^~*s had large eftates*. The life of wooXcC" ^ appears, by the life of Thomas Hollis, efq. that the Simons modelled, or engraved, a portrait of this fon-in-law of the protector, as alfo his wife, and her firfl hufband : there have been thefe engravings of him, Walker, p. Houbraken, fc. 1740, as lieutenant-general, and forms one of the illuftrious heads, from a painting in the col- le&ipn of Thomas Cook, efq. and two of him as lord-deputy, one a whole-length, in armour, the other on horfeback. * This life of Flcetvvood is taken from the various authors who have written hiftories of England during the reigns of king Charles 1. the interregnum, or the reign of king Charles II ; lord Clarendon's and Thurloe's ftate papers - f Vi'th the biographical writers ; efpecially his life by Birch, &c. Query. What relations to the lord-deputy Fleetwood, were captain Fleetwood, who was in Jamaica in 1657 ; Iteutentant colonel Fleetwood, \vho.Lockhart recommended to the protector Oliver, in June 1658 , and William Fleet- wood, cleik of the privy feal. No, J O H N C L E Y P O L E, Es Q, No. XXVIII. eftablifhment of the army. When his father-in-law was inverted with the title of protector, he received from him the 35* MEMOIRS OF NUMBER the office of mafterof the horfe; and, as fuch, led the horfe of flate at the inauguration, gi n g bare-headed on one fide of the pro- te ^ or s body coach, with Strickland, captain of the guard to his highnefs ; he acted in the fame capacity at the fecond, or more magni- ficent inveftment, when he flood immediately behind the protector during that ceremony* He was a member of Oliver's parlement, in 1654, for the county of Carmarthen, and for the county of Northampton in 1656 * j in the latter he oppofed the power of the major-ge- nerals, the particulars of .which I will give in Ludlow's words -, * mr. Cleypoole flood up in ' the houfe, which was unufual for him to do, c and told the houfe, he could but flart the game, and mufl leave it to them that had * more experience to follow the chace, and therefore fhould only fay, that he had for- . e merly thought it neceffary, in refpect of the ( condition in which the nation had been, that * the major-generals fhould be entrulled with * Major-General Whalley fays in a letter, dated auguft 9, 1656, that if his coufin Cleypole would offer himfelf for Lincoln, and acquaint him with it in time, he thought he could procure bis return. Thurloe's ftate papers. the' JOHN CLEYPOLE, ESQ.- 353 c the authority which they had exercifed , but NUMBER XXVIII e in the prefent (late of affairs, he conceived it - -%"- * inconfiftent with the laws of England, and John ciey. * liberties of the people, to continue their &c.' c power any longer. This fpeech (continues ' Ludlow) was a clear direction to the fyco- c phants of the court, who being clear that c Cleypole had delivered the fenfe, if not the * very words of Cromwell in this matter, joined c as one man in oppofing the major-generals, * and fo their authority was abrogated.' His mild and gentle difpofition rendered him unfit for any fervices of Cromwell's, buc fuch as were of the peaceable kind^, and which he was lavifh in giving him, both as the huf- band of his favourite child, and as a moft amiable perfon ; Oliver nicely adapted the places to the perfons he employed j inftead therefore, of appointing mr. Cleypole to be a major-general, where feverity and rigour was neceflary, he gave him places of great honour and emolument, but of fuch a nature as the moft fcrupulous might accept, even during an usurpation j perhaps he had a further defign in this, that he might not feel the effects of Vol. II, A a any 354 M E M O I R S O F NUMBER any future revolution, that might have other- ,1^, ,' wife endangered his fortunes, and confequently Johii'cLy- ^ ls > deareft daughter's ; her delicacy too, in poie,e q. t } ie f e matters, might alfo have its weight ; from fome, or all of thefe caufes, we do not fee him employed in any office of magiftracy. He was appointed by his father-in-law one of the lords of his bed-chamber, clerk of the hana- per, and ranger of Wittlewood, or Wittlebury foreft, in Northamptonfhire, where he built a magnificent feat, which now belongs to his grace of Grafton, the firft duke having had a grant of the foreft in 1685, with the title of hereditary ranger ; to Hill raife him further above the rank of a private gentleman, he was created a baronet, July 16, 1657, having that day been knighted at Whitehall, and in the fame year he was made one of the lords, and placed in his father-in-law's other houfe. I have feen no other tranfaclion of his dur- ing Oliver's life-time, except that he was fent by him to receive the dutch ambafladors upon their return to London, in march,. 1654 ; and -that he entrufted him to go to Lilly the aftro- loger, JOHN C L E Y P O L E, E s a- 355 loger, to afk for advice, which that conceited NUMBER. coxcomb fays, Oliver frequently fent for, and ^ which he honeftly gave him, without any gra- johnCky- tuity whatever; but moft wonderful is, that &c. c ' c ' the protector Ihould act as Lilly directed; I rather think that he was an inftrument to fur- ther Cromwell's artful fchemes ; and it is pretty certain, that by his conjuration he got rid of Whitlock, by fending him into an honourable banifhment in Sweden. During the fhort reign of his brother-in- law Richard, he retained all his places at court, and carried the fword of ftate when his highnefs went to open his parlement. As he had never, during the whole of his relations holding the helm, done any action that could even inconvenience an individual, at the reftoration he found not an enemy, but in every one a friend. Some years afterwards, however, when the court and the country vied with each other, which could invent the moft improbable and ridiculous plots, he, the moft unlikely man in the three kingdoms, was fixed upon to be the A a 2 head 35 6 M E M O I R S OF NUMBER head and contriver of one agamft the royal xxvm. , . .. >~^^~< family, in contort with the old olivenan The life of John city- party. pole, cfq. Upon this pretence he was apprehended, in June, 1678, and fent to the Tower; obtaining an habeas corpus to the king's-bench, he thought to procure bail; but though many perfons, to whom no objection could be made, offered themfelves for that purpofe, yet chief- juftice Scoggs, who was the tool of the court, fetthe penalty fo high, that his friends thoughc it prudent to decline it ; he was therefore re- manded back to the Tower ; but the next term, as no evidence appeared agamft him, .and what was, perhaps, much more fortunate to him, a counter plot began to work, he was difcharged. His only crime, fays an hiftorian, * feems to be his having married one of Crom- * well's daughters,' which Charles II. would gladly have done, if he could by it have re- covered his crown, Hiftory is filent what became of him after his enlargement; probably he returned to his eftatc in Northamptonfhire, where he 3 refided XXVIII JOHN CLEYP.OLE, ESQ.. 357 refided when he was taken into cuftody, and NUMBER there fpent the remainder of his life in a happy tranquility, which his virtues deferved, and which, from his tafte for ftudy, he certainly might do, without ever looking back to thofe gay fcenes his youth had been fpent in. He had a tafte for mathematics, and pro- bably for architecture, as he was the intimate friend of mr. afterwards fir Chriftopher Wren* : in his religious fentiments he was a prefbyte- rian, and in that communion died. By the protector's daughter he had, at leaft, two fons and a daughter ; i. Henry. 2. Oliver, who died j uft before his mother, the grief for * Mr. (afterwards fir) Chriftopher Wren, when dining with mr. Clcypole, was furprized by the prote&or Oliver's coming into the room, and (without the leaft notice being taken) fitting down and eating with them ; during the re- paft, turning to him, he faid, * you have a relation who has ' long been in the Tower, he may have his liberty if he 1 choofes it.' * Will your highnefs give me leave to ac- ' quaint him with what you fay ?' ' Yes.' Mr. Wren went with joy to the old bifbop of Ely, dr. Wren ; but his anfwer was, this is not the firft intimation of the fame ' kind, but 1 fcorn to receive my liberty from a tyrant and ' ufurper ;' and he remained a piifouer till the federation fet him free. A a 3 whofe 33.8 MEMOIRS OF NUMBER, whofe lofs haftened, we may fuppofe, her XXVIII v-^-v-x., death *, that he had a daughter, may be learnt VcL- y f - from the following remarkable circumftance ; &c. e ' e it having been reprefented to the protector, that the Oceana*, which was then in the prefs, was a reflection upon his government, it was feized by his order ; fir James Harrington, the author of it, alarmed for the fafety of his manufcript, determined to apply to lady Cleypole, becaufe c fhe afted the part of a ' princefs, very naturally obliging all perfons ' with her civility, and frequently interceding * for the miferable j' flattering himfelf that, by her afiiftance, he Ihould regain the work. As lady Cleypole was entirely a flranger to him, he was led into her anti-chamber j whilft he waited the return of one of the fervants of the palace with an anfwer to his humble re- queft, that fhe would admit him into her pre- fence, fome of her women came into the room, * The Oceana was a political romance, recommending a republican form of government. It is the chimera of a man intoxicated with liberty, and the plan of a government which can never be put in practice. The proteaor faid that he had gained his power by his ator, and he would not be beaten out of it by a little paper J/iol. followed JOHN CLEYPOLE, ESQ.. 359 followed by her little daughter, about three NUMBER years old, who regarding the llranger, per- mitted the women to leave the room without following them ; fir James entertained the ! child fo divertingly, that fhe fuffered him to take her up in his arms, till her mother came, when ftepping towards her, and fetting the child down at her feet, faid, f Madam, 'tis c well you are come at this nick of time, or I c had certainly ftole this pretty little lady.' e Stolen her !' replied the mother, c pray, what f to do with her ? for fhe is yet too young to * become your miftrefs.' ' Madam,' faid he, ' though her charms allure her of a more con- ( fiderable conqueft, yet I muft confefs, it is f not love, but revenge that prompted me to e commit this theft.' c Lord,' anfwered the lady again, f what injury have I done you, c that you Ihould fteal my child ?' c None at c all,' replied he, f but that you might be in- c duced to prevail with your father to do me 'juftice, by reftoring my child thache has ' ftolen.' But fhe urging it was impofiible, becaufe her father had children enough of his own, he told her at laft, it was the iflue of his brain, which was mifreprefented to the pro- A a 4 teftor, 360 MEMOIRS OF NUMBER tector, and taken out of the prefs by his order. XXVIII. v-^-v^*' She immediately promifed to procure it him, johncLy- if it contained nothing prejudicial to her fa- &c. e ' ' ther's government ; and he affuring her that it was fo far from containing any treafon againft her father, or even any paflage that could dif- pleafe him, that he hoped fhe would acquaint his highnefs he defigned to dedicate it to him ; and promifed that fhe herfelf fhould be pre- fented with one of the firft copies ; the lady was entirely fatisfied, and fo well pleafed with the manner of introducing himfelf, that the whole that was feized was foon after refiored to him*. Mifs Cromwell informs me, that Jfhe appre- hends mr. Cleypole married a fecond wife; and it is the more likely, as he was left a wi- dower fo young. There are defcendants from one or both his marriages, there is reafon to believe 5 I have been informed that the rev. mr. Belgrave, rector of Lindon, in the county of Rutland, married a lady of the name of * I have been the more particular in giving what I could find refpe&ing the children of mr. Cleypole and Oliver's daughter, as all the gentlemen that have gone before me, have faid there was no iffue of this marriage. Cleypole, JOHN CLEYPOLE, Es a. 361 Cleypole, and that fhe was defcended from the NUMBER. XXVTII mailer of the horfe *. v_^-^^ The life of In Vertue's engravings of Simons's works, psi^efq? is a medal in filver of mr. Cleypole, which exhibits the profile of a handfome man, but * In Vertue's engravings of Simons's works, Henry Cley- pole, a brother of his, is mentioned ; and in Thurloe's ftate papers, notice is taken of captain Wingfield Cleypole, an officer in Ireland, and Chriftopher Cleypole, who was alfo, I believe, in the army, and was fent to the Hague in 1658 ; mr. John Claypole exprcflcs his obligations to Henry Crom- well, lord-deputy (in a letter dated april 16, 1658) for his regard to his brothers and fitters, and himfelf, upon all occa- fions ; he tells him, * that indeed, they cannot plead any ' defert, though,' fays he, ' my fitter is very good, yet not ' enough fo to entitle her to fo much of your kindnefs.' This fitter feems to be the wife of major Staples, who certainly married one of his fitters, and as he earnettly requetts a place for him of the lord-deputy, it is moft reafonable to fuppofe he was the hufband of this fitter in whofe praife he fpeaks. Wingfield, and another of his brothers, had done fomething wrong, as we find by this letter, for he fays of the former, ' I wifli he had not prefumed upon your * goodnefs, in fo long an abfence,' and requetts his pardon on his behalf, yet defires he may be reprehended ; and alfo requefts that his other brother may likewife be reproved, as he fears he will ft and in too much need of it. There was a James Cleypole, an admired friend of the famous William Penn, the quakcr. Query. What relation was he and Adam Cleypole, of Weft-Deeping, in Lincolnfhire, efq. mentioned by Blome, to the matter of the horfe ? without 3 G2 MEMOIRS OF THE without any ftriking feature j it is copied by Snelling in his engravings ; there is no reverfe* : it is by miftake called the medal of mr. Henry Cleypole. No. XXIX. The life of 'Thomas, vifcounf^ afterwards earl of Fauconbergi the bujband cf Mary, third daughter of the proteffcr Oliver. NUMBER ri A H O M A Sj vifcount Fauconberg, was XXIX. ^^ a *-' JL defcended from an ancient family in the if c .(atier. north of England, of the name of Bellafyfc: * Js ear!) F.UCOO- fir Thomas Bellafyfe, baronet, his grandfather, berg, fon- in-iaw to Oliver lord * The life of John Cleypole, fon-in-law to the protestor 7101 or. Oliver, is taken fromVertue's engravings of Simons's works; Rufhworth's collections ; ordinances and journals of the houfe of commons ; lives of the protector Oliver; Lud- low's memoirs ; Wood's fafti ; mr. Pennant's tour from Chefler to London ; perfecl politician, or life of O. Crom- well ; Thurloe's Mate papers; Lilly's life of himfelf; Iiiftory of the civil wars of Great-Britain, containing an exact hiftory of the occafion, original, progrefs, and happy end of the civil war, by an impartial pen, London, 1661 ; fecret hiflory of Europe ; hiiloiy of England, during the reigns of the Stuarts ; Toland's life of Harrington, prefixed to his oceana ; biographia britanaica, under the article Wren, bifiiop of Ely, was EARL OF FAUCONBERG. 263 was created by king Charles I. baron, and after- N xxix ER wards vifcount Fauconberg, of Henknowle, in ^^ ' The life of the county palatine of Durham*-, and fon of theeariof Henry, who died in the life time of his father, fa^s, &c. the firft vifcount, by Grace, daughter and co- heirefs of fir Thomas Barton, of Smithalls, in the county of Lancafter, knight. This nobleman's youth alone prevented his embarking in the royal caufe, as all his relations had done (lord Fairfax excepted) they having fhewed themfelves much attached to king Charles I. in oppofition to his parlement ; but, perceiving that the monarchy was dhTolved, and no profpect of its reftoration, he caft his eyes upon that quarter where power only could be obtained: this was the effect of his ruling pafiion, ambition : the death of his firft lady -f paved the way for his attaining the height of his wifhes, in becom- * Thomas, the firft vifcount Fauconberg, very eminently diftingnifliecl himfelf in the army of king Charles I. he died fo late as 1652 : he had a younger fon, John, who, for his exemplary loyalty, was created by king Charles I. lord Bellafyfe, of Worlaby, in the county of Lincoln : he died in 1689. f The firft lady of Thomas, the fecond lord Fauconberg, was Mildred, daughter and co-heir of Nicholas Sanderfon, vifcount Cauleton. ing 364 MEMOIRS OF THE DUMBER ing fon-in-law to the chief magiftrate of the XX1X - i j v,,^-^ kingdom. The life of Faucon- Whilft he was abroad, in the beginning of 1656-7, he endeavoured to ingratiate himfelf into the favour of Oliver, and ftrove to convince him how much he was attached both to his perfon and government*, which was the more won- .dered at ; becaufe, not only his lordfhip's relations, but moft of his own order, wifhed to exprefs their diflike (if not a ftudied contempt) forboth. He came to court with every advantage from 'his rank, the antiquity and interelt of his family., their connections and alliances, his education, improved by travel, fine perfon, and addrefs, a behaviour winning and conciliating affection ; and befides all thefe, a folid and ftrong underftanding, as we may well judge, from the character both * Upon lord Fauconberg's return from Italy to Paris in 1656-7, Lockhart, the protedlor's ambaffador at that court, in two letters, dated in march, acquaints Thurloe of his lordmip's being there : in the latter, he fays, that nobleman owns a particular zeal for both his highnefs and his country's fervice ; and that he feemed ' much troubled ' for a report he heard, that the enemy/ (the loyalifb) ' gave him out to be a catholic, and did purge himfelf from ' having any inclinations that way. He dcfires his highnefs * may caufc ftricl inquiries to be made after his carriage . in E A R L O F F A U C O N B E R G. 365 Lockhart and Thurloe gave of him : the former NUMBER XXIX fays, e in his humble opinion, he is a perfon of ^ ~v< * j i i The life of * extraordinary parts-, and hatn, appeanngly, all iheEariof * thefe qualities, in a high meafure, that can fit berg, &cc. ' one for his highnefs and country's fervice.' The fecretary remarks of him, that c he is a * perfon of very great parts and fobriety.' Thefe valuable qualifications were not loft in the fight of the protector, or his daughter, lady Mary : his highnefs reflected, that fuch a noble- man would be a very defirable match for his daughter ; for, be fides fecuring fo powerful, de- ferving, and accomplilhed a gentleman in his intereft, the marriage would tend to conciliate the affections of the nobility, whofe good wifhes he was anxious to engage, and was what he fedulouily courted , and, likewife, he was fecuring; to his child an hufband, who, had a fortune of five thoufand per annum, and would raife her to the rank of a vifcountefs. ' in England ; and hoped, by that means, his innocency 4 would be vindicated, and the malice of his enemies dif- * covered. He is of opinion, that the intended fettlement,' (the eftabliftiment of Oliver's protectorate) ' will be accept- * able to all the nobility and gentry of his country, fave a few, ' who may be biased by the intereft of their relations.' Such 366 M E M O I R S O F T H E NUMBER Such confiderations were too weighty to be XXIX. ^-~v / rejected by fo wife a man as Oliver : his lord- the'earfof fbip, therefore, did not long fue in vain, but obtained the lady, from the hands of her father, in the fame year ; and, to honour the wedding, even the gravity of the times were fufpended for near a week , and, to do his lordfhip ftill further honour, his rank of vifcount was allowed him*. It is impoffible to ferioufly read what lord Clarendon has written of this marriage : his lord- Ihip avers, that he was ' the owner of a very * fair eftate in Yorkmire, and defcended of a c family eminently loyal. There were many e reafons to believe that this young gentleman, c being then of about three or four and twenty c years of age, of great vigour and ambition, ' had many good purpofes, which he thought * that alliance might qualify and enable him * to perform f.' It may readily be believed * As the title of vifcount had been given to the family of Bellafyfe, fo late as January 31, 1642 ; and, confequently, after the civil war broke out : neither the parlement, nor the common-wealth, would allow its legality. t Sir Philip Warwick, fpeaking of the earl of Faucon- berg's marriage with the protector's daughter, fays much more to thepurpofe: ' he was a nobleman of great parts; and, E A R L O F F A U C O N B E R G. -367 his lordfhip had ambition, but Jerry White NUMBER would probably have ftrongly diffented from v. * * the noble author refpeding his vigor; the thec^iof Faucon- good purpofes the vifcount thought this mar- berg, &c. riage would enable him to perform were to rife at court, by being the fon-in-law of the protector ; to fuppofe any thing elfe is to fup- pofe the greateft nonfenfe, for he accepted every place and employment his father-in-law chofe to honor him with, as is evinced in the fubfequent part of his life. In the year 1657, he was placed in the new houfe of peers j and when the french king and cardinal Mazarine came oppofite Britain, Oli- ver fent his lordlhip ambaflador, to congratu- late his majefty upon the occafion, fixing upon him to honor that prince the more, as his lordfhip was fo near a relation, and the beft qualified of any of the protectorate family for fuch an embafTy, from his fuperior advantages of education and knowledge of the world* ; * and, by his friends, fuppofcd not to have wanted therein * an ambition to fervc the king, at lead he faid fo :' both lord Clarendon and fir Philip call him lord Falconbridge. * Some writer remarks, that Cromwell had no other relation, who was capable of vifiting France as ambaffador, except lord Fauconberg ; but tiiis is certainly a miftake. and 3 68 MEMOIRS OF THE NUMBER and as the honors he received will mew how \r VTV" v_^-v->L, far the haughty Lewis ftooped to court one Jhe'eadof who he thought an ufurper, I will give a par- be a rg C ,&c, ticular relation of his reception. The protector, to pay the greater compliment both to his mod chriftian majefty, and to his fon- in-law, gave him more than an hundred perfons to attend in his train ; and that grandeur and utility might be united, the ambafiador prefented his majefty with a letter, written by the protector himfelf to the king, and another to the cardinal, earneftly defiring the conqueft of Dunkirk, as it was an harbour to pirates. My lord Fauconberg was received with all the honors due to a fovereign prince : all rules in the ceremonials were paft over : the cardinal re- ceived him as he alighted from his coach, and conducted him back to the very gate : honors, my lord fays, particular and unufual :' his ma- jefty not only kept bare at his public audience, but, when he made a private vifit, the king re- mained uncovered for an hour or two ; and the proud Mazarine, not to be lefs afliduous than his mafter, paid him an homage that had never before been given to any ambaflador, for dif- penfing A R L OF F A U C O N B E R G 369 penfing with the ftate of a public audience : he NUMBER XXIX. came ouc of his own apartments to meet his ^~v> lordfhip, and conducted him into his own cabi- the earl of r i r Faucon- net , and, arcer an hours private conference, his berg,&c. eminence, the cardinal, conducted him down to the very door where his coach ftood ; a ceremony which was never paid by him to any other am- baffador, nor even to his own fovereign himfelf : he alfo gave him the right hand in his apart- ment, which the emperor's ambaflador, or the pope's nuncio, had never received. This gave great difpleafure, not only to the reprefentatives of the firft civil and ecclefiaftical power in Eu- rope, but to all the other foreign minifters at that court. During the time his lordmip remained at the french court, which was five days, he was royally treated, both by the fovereign and his prime minifter ; and two handfomc tables were pro- vided, at the public expence, for the ambaflador and all his retinue. At the audience of leave his majefty prefented him with a gold box, inlaid with diamonds ; upon the lid on the out- fide was the arms of France, compofed of three large jewels ; in the infide was that monarch's Vol. II. B b 37<> MEMOIRS OF THE NUMBER picture, alfo fee round with diamonds ; the XXiX vj^v-^l/ whole valued at five thoufand crowns. Gold ijjf*i of medals were given to feveral gentlemen of his be7 g c ,&c. train, and one thoufand louis d'ors diftributed amongft the fervants. From the cardinal his lordmip received a prefent of a dozen pieces of the richeft genoefe velvet ; and, in return for two fets of englifh horfes of eight each, which the ambafiador, in the protectors name, had pre*. fented his majefty with, he received for his father- in-law, a magnificent fword, as characteriflic of the prince to whom it was defigned, valued at ten thoufand crowns j and the cardinal, who had alfo received one fet of horfes, prefented his highnefs, by the hands of his ambafiador, a fet of tapiftry-hangings, made in the Gobelins, in Paris, in the perfian ftyle ; and as his lordfhip (in the letter written by him to his brother-in- law, and given in Thurloe's ftate papers) fays, ' in fumme, through all their actions, not the * lead circumftance was omitted that might wit- 4 nefie the truth of thefe refpects they beare his * highnes and the englifh nation -,' and, to exceed all, the french king fent an embafly to return the compliment, that, if poffible, exceeded that of lord Fauconberg's in ftate and grandeur; at which EARL OF FAUCONBERG. 871 which time the ambafiador, the duke de Crequi, NUMBER. XXIX lirft lord of the bed-chamber, prefented the keys _ v-O of Dunkirk to the protector, with this handfome ttw-twlof compliment, ' My mafter takes plealure in part- b^&~c t * ing with them to the greateft captain upon < earth.' Lord Clarendon prepofteroufly pretends, that this nobleman was, by no means, attached to his father-in-law : the noble hiftorian's words are, ' Cromwell plainly difcovered that his fon Faul- * conbridge's heart was fet upon an intereft de^ * ftructive to his, and grew to hate him per- * fectly.' It is eafy to aver any thing , but there is not the leaft reafon to believe what my lord chancellor has affirmed, much lefs any proof for it : the death of fir Henry Slingfby, uncle to lord Fauconberg, was, no doubt, very diftrefling to him ; and for whofe life, both by the intereft of his lady, the protector's daughter, and other friends, he endeavoured to fave ; but this made no breach between the father and the fon-in law ; fo far from it, that his lordfhip accepted this embafly after the decapitation of fir Henry*; * Sir Henry Slingfby was a loyal roraan-catholic, univerfally beloved, and his death as greatly lament- ed : Jic fuffered with the unfortunate doctor Hewitt : B b 2 their 375 MEMOIRS OF THE NUMBER an d } upon the death of the protector, he ftyles XXl^i.. v-^'-v--^-' him, f the greateft perfonage, not only our own, Aew'of * but any other age ever produced,' and places fcrgi>*a him, for his virtues, in the ' firmament of ' happinefs.* Lord Clarendon, by ' another intereft,' evi- dently means king Charles II. 's, but the vifcount had then no pre-dilection for his majefty, we may be allured -, for, upon the protector Oliver's death (which was foon after his return from France) he was fworn of the privy-council of his highnefs, Richard, his brother-in-law, who he fupported to the utmoft of his power. I have before obferved, that his lordfhip's grand feature was ambition , and would he not then conclude it more for his honor to be fo near a relation to the fovereign, than to fink into only a fimple nobleman. This certainly ?"as his fentiments, for he was the trueft friend -to the protectorate family* they their deaths were determined upon by Oliver, that it Blight prevent every attempt ag-ainft his government, by {Dewing that none, however befriended, muft expect mercy who roie againft. him. * Lord Fauconbcr^'s regiment was one of the eight that the proteclor Richard could depend upon. It is oh- feivable, that the republicans were fo jealous of him on ac- 9 - count EARL OF FAU CON BERG. 373 had, and particularly to Henrv Cromwell, lord- NUMBER. XXIX deputy ot Ireland, between whom there was the s^^. / mod cordial and brotherly amity; and, from th/earfof their epiftokry correfpondence, given in T-hur- b^&c'c. loe's date papers, it appears he remained with Richard till that prince's imprudencies, want of policy, and the turbulency of his republican relations, were preparing the way, by hafty ftrides, for that revolution that foon cnfued. UnaJDle to ftem the torrent that was, he perceived coming, he prudently retired* to his own domain in the north, where he was re- ceived in a manner the mod flattering, and fuch as befpoke the regard the people in that part of the kingdom had for the protector, and a nobleman of lord Fa.uconberg's merit ; for he was received in Yorkihire by above one thoufand gentlemen on horfeback, befides count of his attachment to the Cromwells, fo early as march l f )-,7, that Daburough, with others, prevented his then gaining a place in the army. * Tiie peerage hints that lord Fav.conberg was one of the relation!) of the protector Richaid that betrayed him, but much to his lordftiip's honor, the preceding pages excul- pate him from that bafe charge, which the fycophant writer thought his greatefl merit: be ihame the portion of luch hirelings if not Qiaine, contempt. B b 3 many 374 MEMOIRS OF THE NUMBER many others, who met him near the city of XXIX. ^^L York; and to do him ftill greater honor, 7h he ] of the lord-mayor and aldermen, in their robes, be'g^Tc. attended to congratulate his lordfhip upon his coming there. This was July 20, 1658 ; a very different fcene was tranfacted in a very little time after; for, as he forefaw, fo it happened, that the feeble Richard was depofed, and the repub- licans, who were jealous of his lordlhip upon every account, fent him to the Tower, where he remained from feptember 26 to november 2 following, when he regained his liberty only by promifing not to moleft their government. As he found all hopes of reftoring the Cromwell family at an end, he determined to afiift in the re-eftablifhment of monarchy, where he fuppofed he Ihould be better re- ceived than by the four republicans, who looked upon him with jealoufy, and from whom he had experienced hardfhips ; his fen- timents were not unknown to general Monk*, * The hiftory of England during the reigns of the Stuarts, acquaints us, that lord Fauconberg went to Monk , .' . into Scotland, under pretence of advancing Richard the 3 protector's EARL OF FAUCONBERG. 375 who for that reafon gave him Hafilrigg's regi- NUMBER XXIX. merit, and entrufted him with the fecret of ^^^ reftoring his majefty, which he promoted to t h\H <&", rf ift bart. fently. Sir Franca 3 Ruffeil, the adiart. 2. Sir William Ruflell, knt. firnamed the sirWi<.ii* black Fir William, to whom king Charles gave the treafurerfhip of the navy with fir Henry Vane ; he was not ungrateful ; he never de- ferted his royal matter, for which he was filled the cream of the RufTells ; his attachment to his fovereign occafioned his imprifonment by the parlement in 1646. He married Ann, daughter of Bendyfh, by whom he had an only child, a daughter, who died an infant, near whom he is buried, at Burwell, in the county of Cambridge*. * In the chancel of the church of Burwell is a neat monument of marble, to the memory, I mould fuppofe, of the lady of fir William Ruflell, knt. called the black fir William ; and, if fo, (he muft have lived to a great age. The infcription is : Ncare this Place Lyeth the Body of the Lady Ruflell, who departed this Life Auguft the loth* 17I? * r A . Gerard 3*1 M E M O I R S OF T H F. UMBER 3. Gerard RufTell, of Fordham, in the county XXXI. M*-*X** of Cambridge, efq. He was member for ths erard ' county of Cambridge in the parlement called ' in the thirty-firft year of the reign of king Charles II. He married twice ; firft, Mary, daughter of Cherry, of Surrey ; his fec.ond was mrs. Mabel Floyd, to whom he was married at Fordham, auguft 21, 1671 j fhe was buried there feptember i, 1674 ; and he, december 7, 1683 : by the firft wife he had three fons, i. William Ruflell, of Fordham, efq. who was buried there, June 26, 1701 : he married Elizabeth, daugh- ter of Henry Cromwell, lord lieutenant of Ireland, fecond fon of the protector Oliver ; the defcendants of which marriage will be given in fubfequent pages of this volume. 2. Gerard*. 3. John. 4. Killephet, one of the parlement afiefTors for the county of Cam- bridge, in the years 1644 and 16455 he was buried at Fordham, augult i, 1677. By the laft wife mr. Gerard Ruflell had Mabel, who * There was a Gerard Ruflel, efq. appointed governor of the ports and forces of Yarmouth, feptember 26, 1718 ; who, probably, was the Gerard mentioned above, or his fon. was R U S S L L S. 385 Was baptized at Fordham, auguft 15, 1673, NUMBER and married at the fame place april 5, 1693, ^-^~L, to Richard Ruflell, of St. Mary's Woolnoth, L'Skuf- London, efq. fecond fon of fir John Ruflell, e >e * bart. which Richard died in december, 1682, aged (ixty-five. 4. Edward RufTell, buried at Chippenham, EARnifcii, July 10, 1647- ie ' dyoun8: 5. Robert Ruflell, alfo buried at Chippenham, died an in- february 17, 1640. fant - 6. John Ruflell, baptized in the parifli of johnRufcif died an ia- All-Hallows, Barking, London, January 31, fant. 1623 : he died an infant. 7. John Ruflell, efq. baptized in the fame ^J[ hn pariih, november 29, 1624: he was a colonel in the parlement army, and diftinguiihed himfelf both in the battle of Marfton-Moor, and in Oliver's army employed againft Spain : he died unmarried. 8. Elizabeth, who was married firft to Edward mir. to Ed. Lewknor, of Denham, in Suffolk, efq. the iflbe Lewknor, el'q. and re- of this marriage was Mary, married to Horatio mar - to dr Gauden, bp. the firft lord vifcount Townfhend : after the Vol. II, C c death 3 s5 M E M O I R S OF THE NUMBER death of mr. Lewknor (he became the lady of V^-N^ John Gauden, D. D. afterwards bifliop of Exeter, and laftly of Worcefler : his lordfhip died at his palace, in his own city, feptember 20, 1662, after governing the latter diocefes only four months. Ann, mar. 9. Ann, who was married to John Bodvile, to Jn. Bod- vile, c fq. of Bodvile-Caftle, in Carnarvonfhire, efq. Sarah, their daughter, was married to John, lord vif- count Bodmyn , and, as he died in the life time of his father, the earl of Radnor, his majefty ... ,;, granted this lady a warrant to entitle her to the rank and precedency of a countefs. Sarah, mar. i o. Sarah, who became the lady of fir Thomas Chichlcy, of Wimpole, in the county of Cam- bridge : a gentleman who was one of thofe whom king Charles I. in 1645, agreed to commit the militia to : he was member of parlement for the borough of Huntingdon, 43 Elizabeth ; for the town of Cambridge 12 James I. and for the county of Cambridge in the long-parlement : he was, I think, favoured by the protector Oliver. w. Ruffeii, ii. William Ruffell, the eldeft fon of fir ady, was baptized M young. i^ bart. by his laft lady, was RUSSELL S. 387 baptized in the parifh of All-Hallows Barking, NUMBER London, december 7, 1621 ; he died young. v_--v-^l, Ruffe I Is. 12. -Sir William Rufiell, of Langherne, in sirwmiam Carmarthenlhire, knt. he was firnamed white Langhne fir William ; his majefty king Charles II. for Wo'nec by his loyalty, created him a baronet, november 8, 1660 j as he left only a daughter, the title of baronet in this line became extinft. Sir William married Hefter, daughter of fir Tho* mas Roufe, of Roufe-Lench, in Worcefter- Ihire, bart. Their only child, Mary, firft mar* ried to Hugh-Calverley Cotton, efq. fecond fon of fir Robert Cotton, of Cumbermere, in Chefhire, bart. and after his death to the lord Arthur, fecond furviving fon of Henry duke of Beaufort. Sir Francis RufTell, bart. fon and heir of |' u r ^"" c h '* fir William, the firft baronet, was returned a $0*"'' member for the county of Cambridge in the long-parlementj and was as warm a friend to their intereft as he was a fteady enemy to king Charles I. for his activity in the fervices of the former, he was by them appointed, auguft So, 1642, deputy-lieutenant of the county of Cambridge, at which time an indemnity was C c 2 ordered 3SS MEMOIRS OF THE ordered to be carried from the commons to the lords for him (jointly with mr. Oliver Cromwell, afterwards protector, and mr. Va- lentine Walton) for preventing the removal of tne plate from Cambridge to York, and to which the lords aflented. The parlement gave him a colonel's com- miffion upon the breaking out of the wars ; they appointed him governor of the ifle of Ely* (ifnotofCrowlandalfo) governor of the city of Lichfield ; which, in 1643, he was obliged to furrender to prince Rupert, and afterwards he had the government of the ifles of Jerfey and Guernfey given him. During the protectorate of his relation Oli- ver, he was entrufted with many employments, and was returned a member of parlement for the county of Cambridge in 1654 and 1656 ; but ftill to raife him to a more elevated ftation, the protector placed him in his houfe of lords. * Sir Francis RuflelJ, bart. then colonel Ruflell, was or- dered down to his government of the ifle of Ely, in may 1646. He was one of the parlement afieffors in 1644, and 1645, for Cambritlgefluie. Sir R U S S E L L* S. 389 Sir Francis furvived the reftoration, and NITMP.RR X Y"VI was buried at Chippenham, april 30, 1664. J^l^L, His lady was Catherine, daughter and ible heir of John Wheatley, efq. (mentioned above) by Elizabeth Smallpage, his wife, to whom he was married at Chippenham, december 19, children of 1631; by her he had feven fons and feven ftufleii, the 2d barr. one daughters. of oiiv. the protrftor's lords. I. Sir John Ruffell, bart, of whom hereafter, s-.r John J Kufll-ll, the 3d barl. 1. William Ruffell, baptized at Chippen- wuiiam 1 Ruffell.died ham, march 9, 1635 -, probably he died young, young. 3. Robert Ruffell, born at Chippenham, R^t R-ulicllj efcjt oftober 21, 1644; he refided at Feckenham, and at Milden-hall, in Suffolk ; he married a widow, who was daughter and co-heir of Tho- mas Soame, of Thurlow, in Suffolk, a captain of foot in the fervice of king Charles L* * There was a fir Thomas Soame, an alilerrrun of Lon- don, who upon the ckcapitatiop of king Charles I. refuted to proclaim the al againft kingfliip, for which he was called to the bar of the houfe of commons ; and upon his declaring that the reafon why he did not do it, was becaufc it was againft feveral oaths which he had taken, as an * alderman of London, and againfl his judgment and con- * -faience :' he was difabled fiom behi a manbrr of parle- ment, deprived of the office of alderman, and rendered in- capable of any public employments. C c 3 4. Ger- 39 o MEMOIRS OF THE NUMBER 4. Gerard Ruffell, born at Chippenham, ^^^ January 2, 1645-6 ; he was an Hamburgh Rufleih. mercnant an d married the daughter of Gerard mSnt Yonker, a merchant of that city. Kiiiephct c. Killephet Ruffell, born at Chippenham, Roflell.died 3 .' ' , , . , , r , a child. apnl 21, 1647, and buried at the lame place, april 16, 1650. Kiiiephet 6. Killephet Ruffel, efq. born at Chippen- ham, march n, 1652 : he refided at Milden- hall, in Suffolk, and married i his fon Francis died an infant, and was buried October i, 1680, at Ifelham, in Cambridgefhire. Edward y. Edward Ruffell, baptized at Chippen- ham, October 12, 1653. Elizabeth, 8. Elizabeth, who married Henry Cromwell, in-iaw to lord-lieutenant of Ireland, fecond fon of the proteflor. protector Oliver, their male defcendants are given in the firft volume, and their female in this. srh, died o. Sarah Ruffell, baptized at Chippenham, an infant. may 14, 1636 ; flie died an infant. Sarah, died io. Sarah, baptized at the fame place, may Z ' 3i l6 37 i ft) e alfo died an irifant. II. Sarah, R U S S E L L S. 3 9I ii. Sarah, baptized at Chippenham, auguft NUMBER 24, 1638. This lady firft married John Rey- nolds, of Cambridgeshire, efq. a famous offi- cer in the fervice of the parlement, the com- monwealth, and of the protector Oliver; in ^; d * 5 ft t e r " the year 1657, in his pafiage to England from France, he was caft away ; immediately as it was known, his highnefs mod humanely dif- patched a mefienger to this lady, to defire Ihe would not come up to London, as (he in- tended, with the hopes of meeting her gallant hufband crowned with victory, that the me- lancholy cataftrophe might be properly di- vulged to her. She had no child by him ; and though his real eftates defcended to his fitter's children, he left her a very rich widow; her brother-in-law, Henry Cromwell, lord- deputy of Ireland, advifed her, that as the will was perplexed, and as his perfonal eftate lay chiefly in debenture lands, to compromife the affairs with his heirs, by having 5000!. per annum fecured to her, and what was, due from arrears in Ireland j which, though fmall, ' by the help of friends might be made cori- c fiderable ;' and they doing this, Hie fhould give up her right in the debentures, by which C c 4 hi* 39 MEMOIRSOFTHE KUMBER his other legatees would have his freehold XXXI. v-x-v-sl/ eftate of Carrick, and fixteen thoufand acres Rufleis. o j an j a f ter ki s debts and her jointure were Sarah, nrlt m t ar n ^ d ] n - paid : fo ample a provifion procured her the cr * &c> hand of Henry earl of Thomond ; fhe left a family by that nobleman*. Fleetwood, the prote&or's fon-in-law, in one of his letters to Henry, lord-lieutenant of Ireland, gives her a great character ; and fhe certainly merited it. Frances, j2. Frances, baptized at Chippenham, no- rnar. to Tn Hagar, ef^. vember 18, 1648, fhe became the wife of John Hagar, of Bourn, in the county of Cambridge, efq. Ann,ajf. 13. Ann, baptized at Chippenham, July 14, underwood, 1650, was married to Hugh Underwood, of efq. Whittlefey, in the ifle of Ely, efq. and who was one of the deputy-lieutenants of that ifle ; fhe was his fecond wife, Catherine, 14. Catherine, baptized at Chippenham, de- shem, efq. cember 23, 1651, it is fuppofed fhe became the wife of Sheers, of Hertford mire, efq. sir John , Sir John RufTell, bart. was baptized at Chip- ban, fon-in- penham, October 6, 1640 ; he was firft a royalift, lw to the Ohle?. ' ' * T he d cfcen ^n ts o f the countefs of Thomond are given in no. 33, in this volume, but R U S S E L L S. 393 but afterwards a colonel of foot tinder the earl of NUMBER r XX.XI Manchefter, the parlement general *, and diltin- guifhed himfelf at the battle of Marfton-Moor, and in the protector's wars in Ireland and Flan- | lufle i | >-.3 d * bart. fon-m. dersf. He enjoyed the office of chamberlain of |? r o te a. on. Chefter during thefe times, and probably many others of confequence ; he died in 1669, and was buried at Chippenham, march 24, in that year. He married Frances, youngeft daughter of the protector Oliver, arid relict of the honorable Ro- bert Rich, efq. eldefl fqn of lord Rich, and grand- fon of Robert earl of Warwick. The life of this lady has been given before; Ihe long furvived fir John, fpending the latter part of her life with her fifter lady Fauconberg -, though me had fo great a jointure from her firft hufband, me was a great misfortune to the Ruflell family, having dimpated the greateft part of the very fine eftate * Wood in his Fafti, fays thus of the baronet Ruflell, who married the proteflor's daughter, but calls him fir Fran- cis, inftead pf fir John, fo query, whether this belongs to the father or the fon. f I apprehend that Cr John Rufiell, was the mr. Ruflell, appointed with others, to be arbitrators about the differences between the commonwealths of England and Holland, and the {hips each nation claimed. at 394 M E M O I R S O F T H E NUMBER at Chippenham. The iflue of fir John by her > - - was, lUffells. i. Sir William Ruflell, bart. of whom here- fell, 3 d bt. c after. of ihe pro- lefl. Oliver. sfr win. a. Rich RuiTell ; the former name he received RuSell, bt. iiichRuf- f rom i or( i Rich: he married his coufin Mabell, fell, efj. gnmdfonof daughter of Gerard Ruflell, of Fordham. efq. Oli. id. pro. and after her death, Catherine, daughter of - Barton.; mr. Rich Ruflell was buried at Chippenham, June 13, 1672. 3- John Rufiell, pofthumous, whofe life, as he was the continuator of the family, I will referve till the eldeft branch became extind:. chrtfian, A Chriftian, buried at Chippenham, augufl flied a child. 28, 1669. -5" Elizabeth, born at Chippenham, novem- lr" 1 " ber 4> l66 4" ^ married fir Thomas Frank- Jand, bart. the defendants of which marriage is given in the following pages*. * Vide the dcfcendants of fir Thomas Frankland, bart. by inifs Ruffell, No. 34, in this volume. Sir R U S S E L L S. 395 Sir William Rufiell, bait, who with more pa- NUMBER XXXL triotilm than prudence, finifhed the ruin of his ^^^ r ., , r . Ruflells. tamily s fortune, in promoting the revolution, and s;rWm was obliged to part with the fine eftate and feat a u r of Chippenham, one of the moft elegant in the kingdom *j he was a member of the convention parlement, and voted the throne vacant. As the name of his lady is not given in the baronetage, nor in any of the genealogies fent me, it is rea- fonable to fuppofe, he married much beneath hkn~ fclf ; he died diipofTefled of every acre of land; in f'rvvniiam . Ruffell, 4 th 1 707, leaving two ions and a daughter. " " " 2. Sir William RufTell, bart. who died un- sirwm. Ruflell,5th married at Paflage, near Waterford, in Ireland, tart, great grandfoil of Oliver lord * Chippenham is near Newmarket -, the earl of Orford purchafed it. Le Neve fays, he was informed that Spinney- Abbey, the feat of the fonof Henry Cromwell, lord-deputy, vas by the artifice of one Perceval, a lawyer, confounded with it ; but it feems impoffible. Chippenham is now, or late was, the feat of George Montgomery, efq. and Spin- ney-Abbey is pofCefTed by the earl of Aylcsford ; who, in ?779> rep a i fe d both the church and manor-houfe. in S g6 M E M O I R S O F T H E NUMBER in may 1738, and was fuceeeded in his title by XXXI. it s^-v -> his only brother. Rulfells. Ruifeii, 6ch 3. Sir Francis Rufiell, bart. who was one of ban great- gnmciionof the council, and afterwards governor of Fort. Oliver lord P meaor. William, in Bengal, in the Eaft-Indies; in 1725* he married Ann, daughter of Gee, a mer- chant, by whom he left only one fon, his fuccef- ibr in the title. sir wniiam Sir William Rufiell bart. who was a lieutenant Ruficil, 7th bart. great- in the firft regiment of guards, and dying a great-grand- fon of oiiv. batchelor in 1 757, the title of baronet defcended 1rotea. 2. Sir John Ruffell, who fucceeded to the sir John Ruffell, the title of baronet, upon his fecond coufm fir 8thb*rt gr. gr.gramlfiMi William's dying unmarried ; fir John was born oftober 31, 1741; was a ftudent of Chrift- church, Oxford, and afterwards a barrifter at law in Lincoln's-Inn : he died of an inflam* mation in his bowels, auguft 7, 1783 (occa- fioned by eating melon) at the feat of fir Henry Oxendon, in Kent, univerfally lamented by all who had the honor of his acquaintance ; he was a truly amiable character, and had a fine tafte ; his library was felect, he alfo had a fmall but choice collection of medals, jems, and other rari- ties i 400 MEMOIRS O F t H E NUMBER ties ; he married Catherine, daughter of the honor- ^ able general George Gary, brother to lord Falk- SrrVhn' land, by Ifabella Ingram, a rich heirefs of York- Ruflell, 8th n . , r i " ban, &c. ihire, whofe only children were the prefcnt lady Amherft (who has no child) and the late lady Ruffell, who died december 26, 1782, both her lady (hip and fir John Ruffell, bart. are buried at Checkers ; their iffue is only two children. Ruffdi, n 9 ,h T ' Sir J hn Ruffell > the present baronet, born 1779, a moft fprightly child. grandfon of OH. Id. pro. Geo.Rufl-eu, 2. George RufTell, born in april 1781. his brother. Checkers, the feat of this family, is very an- cient, but not elegant 5 there are many valuables in it) efpecially pictures ; in the drawing room are. leveral of the Cromwell family, painted by the bed artifts ; there is a fine one of Oliver and Peter Temple, his page, fome account of which is given in the firft volume, there is another called alfo of Oliver, when younger, it is a fine painting, but has not that caft of features, which I have feen in any other picture of him ; there are alfo portraits of the protector Richard, and Henry, the lord-deputy of Ireland, the latter ex- hibits juft fuch a perfon as the handfomeft and youngeft R U S S E L L S. 401 youngeft pieces do of the the old protector, the N BE .XXXI. hair is flowing and very much of it, it is a noble ^^^^ picture, and in the belt ftyle ; there are alfo others of his highnefs's daughters ; that of the lady Fauconberg, Ihews her to be rather of a delicate conftitution ; at the bottom is C. J. (i. e. Corne- lius Janfon) 1638 5 mrs. Cleypole's picture is very large, but aukwardly defigned, fhe is repre- fented feated, one hand upon a celeftial globe, hold- ing a pair of dividers, the other upon a book, which lies upon her knees, with a fcroll proceed- ing out of it ALTEORA SEQVOR, and a very large full blown fun-flower before her ; it pro- bably was painted when fhe was in the decline of life-, it much refembles the picture of her grandmother at Hinchinbrooke-houfe : there is another picture handfomer and more plump, which I take to be alfo of this lady when younger, and in health j thefe are all in the drawing-room : a portrait of lady Ruflell, the protector's youngeft daughter is in the room over the eating parlour; Ihe is reprefented as a large fized woman, her drefs blue. There is alfo an invaluable minia- ture of the protector Oliver*. *' In the gallery at Checkers, are fome very fine family pieces, efpecially one over the chimney-piece ; there is alfo a valuable piece, as large as the life, of the emperor Charles j V. on horfeback, and a fine one in the drawing room of the Vol. II. D d lady 4 02 MEMOIRS OF It is much to be lamented, that it is unknown who many of thefe pictures, and fome valuable ones, reprefent, nor could the late fir John obtain information. There are fome good prints of the protector Oliver, and a fine fulphur of the com- .monwealth, taken from Symons's dye, when it was cracked. I was much hurt that I could not fee the miniature of the protector Oliver, and a painting upon glafs of lord Cutts, as they, with other valuables, were locked up. Amongft the arms painted upon the glafs in the windows, I obferved the Hampdens, with the crefcent. ;.. !* i.'i,i. , J* \j It is with fingular pleafure that I acquaint the reader that the prefent baronet will, befides the eftate at Checkers, inherit a very ample fortune from his, the late lady, his mother's family*. lady of that lord Cults, who was the uncle to the maternal grandmother of the late fir John Ruffell ; fhe is exquifitely handfome. * The hiflory of the baronet family of Rufiell I have given very fully, as they more than once intermarried with the Cromwells, and to improve and correct the many errors and omiffions in the baronetage, which I have been the better able to do, from examining regiflers and other au- thentic memorials, and from pedigrees moft obligingly fent nae of this family, by mifs Cromwell and dr. Grcenhill. I have a!fo had recourfe to many hiftorical books, efpecially thofe relating to the englifli affairs during the reign of king Charles I. the government of the republic, and during the pro tedo rates. GENERAL REYNOLDS, No. xxxii. The life of general John Reynold.^ allied to the Cromwells by marriage, 403 J OHN Reynolds, of the county of Cam- NUMBER bridge, efq. took up arms to fupport, as ^^^, he fuppofed, the liberty of the parlement j he was a captain under lieutenant Oliver Crom- well, afterwards fo celebrated j he firft diftin- guifhed himfelf in 1645, in the (terming of Bridgewater, where entering with a forlorn hope of horfe, he fcoured the ftreets, and beat the royalifls out of the firft town into the other ; for which fervice the parlement ordered him xool. and after the king's death, in reward for his important exploits, they fettled upon him 500!. per annum, at the recommendation of the general. In 1647, he was fent prifoner to Windfor, for attempting to have the king tried as a criminal ; but when the army were of the fame mind, the parlement fet him at liberty. In may, 1649, he defeated and took pri- foners the levellers at Banbury, and had it in D d 2 his 404 M E M O I R S O F NUMBER his power to have put them all to the fword, XXXII. v^~v^> but mercifully fpared them j for this the par- gen. Bey. lement raifed him to the rank of a colonel. noidj, 2cc. The fame year he was ordered, with his troop of horfe, to Ireland, where he gained great honor by his conduct and bravery j in one of his firft actions in that kingdom, he defeated the marquifs of Ormond, took his rich carnp, and in it his lordfhip's cabinet, with all his letters, commiflions, &c. with a prodigious number of prifoners, amongft whom were many officers and perfons of diftinction, particularly the marquifs's brother, who he threatened to piftol until he fhewed him Or- mond himfelf, which he was obliged to do. After he had defeated the marquifs, he was left at Carrick with his regiment of horfe, a troop of dragoons, and two companies -, but foon after he had the command of fixteen troops of horfe, and two thoufand foot ; being ordered to march to the capital of that province, in his way thither he beat the enemy, and took lord Oflbry's captain-lieute- nant, and another lieutenant of horfe, prifon- ers; GENERAL REYNOLDS. 405 ers ; and in his march to Rofs, he reduced Eni- ftegoe, a fmall walled town, about five miles from that place, and removed the garrifon of gen ! R e e y the irifh, and then joined the main army under Cromwell. After this, in 1650, he fell into the earl of Caftlehaven's quarters, and obliged his lordfhip's army to retire into a bog for protection , whilft he continued watching the earl's motions, he 'was called to aflift doctor Theophilus Jones, in relieving the governor of Dublin, and marching for that purpofe' back to his own garrifon of Carrick, he re- pulfed the enemy, who had endeavoured to ftorm that place -, his ammunition being foon fpent, he beat them off chiefly with fwords and fpikes, with the lofs of fome hundreds of their men. Towards the clofe of this year he again fell upon the earl of Caftlehaven, and defeated him a fecond time, killing 1200 of his men, and taking as many prifoners, which pre- vented that nobleman's making fcarce any further refiftance : this ftruck fuch a panic into the earl of Clanricard, that though his army encreafed, he durft not engage with him, Dd 3 He 4 o6 MEMOIRS OF KUMBER He alfo took Bellebeg-caflle, and difperfed XXXII. v-^v-^L/ Dungan's forces ; and marching into Cater- ge h n e 'ifeyf lough, ne took their garrifons, the foldiers s>acc ' deferring two of them, and the third opening their gates the day after fummoning them to furrender; it was the more obfervable, as the whole country was in the irifh intereft a plain proof of the eftimation his valor and military knowledge was held in : this feryice was the more important, as one of the forts was the only place in that part of the kingdom which commanded the Shannon. In 1652, he took and garrifoned a fort in the Callowe, 2nd two others bordering upon Ulfter ; he alfo, jointly with colonel fir Charles Coote, be- fieged Galway, and obliged general Prefton, the governor, to quit the place, and re- tire from Ireland j and difperfed the enemies army at Letrim j in fine, having taken all the provifions of the irifh, and drove them into their bogs, he obliged all the . rebel com- manders to lay down their arms ? and, by his permiflion, to leave the kingdom, excepting fuch as had been engaged in the horrid mafla- cre, or thofe who were otherwife great offend-r crs, whom he detained tp fuffer that punifh- ment their enormous crimes deferved. It GENERAL REYNOLDS. 407 It was really aftoniihing with what rapidity NUMBER he over run a great part of Ireland, and the ^^~^^/ reduction of that kingdom was more owing gen ! R e e y - to his fervices, than to that of any other per- fons, the general's excepted. In 1652, he diftinguiihed himfelf when An- thony Young, vice-admiral, attacked and pu- nifhed a dutch naval officer for not finking his fail to the englifh flag upon the Italian coaft. His merit was fo well known to Oliver, that he employed him as foon as he was de- clared protector : february 8, 1653-4, when his highnefs went to dine in great ftate at Grocer's-hall, he, with Whalley, led a troop of three hundred horfe : he reprefented the counties of Galway and Mayo, in Ireland, in the britifh parlement called in 1654: in re- ward for his merit in the fubduction of that kingdom, he had grants of debentures there to a very confiderable amount, He was alfo honored with knighthood in 1655, and difpatched to Ireland to ac- company the protector's youngeft fon, Henry, D d as 4o8 MEMOIRS OF NUMBER as one who could give him the beft information xxxn. , . . . . _ .-^^^/ of that country, and its particular intereft, and gen! R e e y ! what cart of characters the leading men bore. nolds, &c. In 1657, he was fent over to affift the french in the war againft Spain ; he landed in Pi- cardy, in the latter end of may, with fix thou- fand foot under his command, with which he was very inftrumental in taking Mardyke from the fpaniards ; that important place was deli- vered into his hands december 12, in the fame year. In his return home, in a dutch pink of one hundred tons, he was, with colonel White, his fecretary D'Evaux, and others, caft away in a ftorm, as is fuppofed, near Goodwin's fands ; for his cheft, fword, and belt, were found there. His death was greatly lamented by the protestor, and the nation in general : Heath, in his chronicle, fays, that his highnefs commanded him home to anfwer to a com- plaint in having paid too great a refpect to the duke of York (afterwards king James II.) at a conference held between Dunkirk and. Mardyke i Clarendon, on the contrary, fays, that GENERAL REYNOLDS. 4o that fir John intended to come into England only NUMBER for the purpofe of paying a vifit to his friends. . ^, The life of gen. Key- It is far from improbable but fome perfons had nold$ &c - endeavoured to leffen him in the opinion of the protector, which he took more notice of than it deferred ; and perhaps defired to come over to vindicate himfelf in perfon : this appears plainly by the following well-written letter from fir Francis RufTell to him, when he was general of the englifh forces in Flanders. * Sonne Reynolds, ' According to my promife, and your defire, I am now at Whitehall, and have folicited his high- nes, my lord Fleetwood, and mr. Secretary, for your returne. His highnes told me, that you fhould have leave granted you very fuddenly ; and mr. Secretary likewife fayed, that himfelfe would wright unto you, to let you know fo much , but his highnes did fay, when I wrote unto him about this bufynes, that you muft not expect to make any long tarrying here from your employ- ment : however, I am glad that your friends have fome hopes of feeing you. Your laft letter I did receive, I 410 M'EMOIRSOF NUMBER receive, and I have tow for your wife, which I *-^s^s . intend to fend downe unto hir by the poll this gen. Rey- night. Within thefe tow or three days I (ha.ll return back for Chippenham, for my chiefeft bufynes here was to fullfill that love, which I owe unto you. As for news, this place affords me but little ; all our (late-affaires are very private ; ancl to enquire or fearch them out, is not my bufynes. I hope all things will goe well 5 yet tis poflible, all our ftate- doctors, are not of one opinion ; tis poflible, the wifeeft of them cannot guefie at the event and iffue of things, nor fay what will be brought to pafife in a fhort time. His highnes takes the prefent of your horfe very kindly. I doe believe his love and refpect to- wards you is very reall : let therefore no darke thoughts overfhadow your mind j keep but all things cleare and honeft at home in your owne hart, and that fun wil fcatter all thofe mifls, that others can caft over your eyes. Expect bad re- port as well as good to be your portion here be- low ; a wife good man is nor much concerned at at either. Above all things, remember to make a wife flout warr with all your own enemys within you \ for that warfare concernes you mofl ; and GENERAL REYNOLDS. 4ir and the end of it will be a good happy peace. NUMBER The Lord bleffc and keepe you fafe inwardly and ^^^ outwardly. I have in this fent you a letter from g^Rey!* your wife : fhe will be glad to fee you, and ready nolds ' & * to goe along with you to any place you lhali de- fire her. I am, deare fir, WHITEHALL, Yours in all faithfullnes, NOV. ?4 , i6 S7 . FRANCIS RUSSELL*/ * The life of general Reynolds is taken from various hiftories of England and Ireland, and Thurloe's ftate pa- pers. I have been more particular in fpeaking of this commander, as our hiflorians and biographers have not done his valor juftice. It is fingular that dr. Leland has not fo much as mentioned him in his hiftory of Ireland. Whitlock knew his merit, and fpeaks of him with honor. Charles Longland, the protestor's agent at Leghorne, fays to fecretary Thurloe, in a letter, ' tis very fad news the lofs of that worthy great man, fir John Reynolds.' Probably Robert Reynolds, one of the commiffioners named to try king Charles I. but would not ad, and who was one of the council of ftate in 1659, was a' relation to the general : Ro- bert had Abbington-hall, and lands worth 400!. per ann. granted him by the long-parlement, befides 2oool. ijl money. No, 4it MEMOIRS OF THE No. XXXIII. f-be hiftory of Henry, earl of Tbomond, allied to the protectorate houfe of Cromwell, by the mar- riage of Sarab, daughter of fr Francis RuJJell, bart. and widow of general Reynolds. TTENRY O'Brian, feventh carl of Tho- XXXIII. I I ^^-^ * J- mond, was defcended from the ancient Henry, earl kings of Ireland j upon the breaking-out of mond, allied the civil war he declined giving any afliftance to Henry to the parlement, from his fear of offending Cromwell, r lord-Heat, the irilh, and in uring his relations ; he there- of Ireland. fore left Ireland, and came into this kingdom, under pretence of bufmefs : when the parle- mentarians folicited money of him, he excufed advancing any, under pretence of inability; but the foldiers in fearching his feat, difcovered 2000!. buried in the walls, which they appro- priated to the public ufe*. * The lady Honora O'Brian, the earl's fifter, having aflifled the royal party after {he had fought the proteftion of Ireton, the parlement lord-deputy of Ireland, he fent for her, and faid, he expefted a more ingenuous carriage from her ; to which {he replied with tears, that if he_ would pafi over this fault, fhc would faithfully promife 2 not EARLOFTHOMOND. 413 In the year 1660, he married the widow of NUMBER XXXIII general Reynolds, whofe large dower made her no inconfiderable fortune to him ; though he had fubmitted to bear offices under m it was certainly a piece of cruelty to break in upon the privacy of poor Henry, and what a nobleman ought to have had more delicacy than to have done, and when it was his brother it was unpardon- able ; Henry faw it in its proper point of view, for he went out of one door as the com- pany entered at another.* His lordlhip died at his feat of Billington, in Northamptonfhire, the fecond of the ides of may, 1691, in the y^d year of his age, having married twice, the lady O'Brien, his firft coufin, and Sarah, the daughter of fir Francis RulTell, bart. and * This anecdote has been given fomewhat different in the firft volume, in the life of Henry Cromwell, lor/J- lieute- nant of Ireland ; but my not having i'een it by Lc Neve at that time, occafioned its repetition here. widow EARL OF THOMOND, 415 widow of general Reynolds, by each of whom NUMBER XXXIII. he had children j the male line failing in the ^-^^, defcendants of both thefe marriages, the title Henry, e c ari of earl of Thomond (together with that of mond,&c. Tadcafter) became extinct.* , It is obfervable, that not a word is mentioned in the peerage, or upon the monument of the earl of Thomond (erected by Sarah his countefs, who long furvived him) that his lordfliip's laft lady was the widow of general Reynolds j was it omitted in the peerage from delicacy to the royal family, or upon the monument to the gallant officer, becaufe his knighthood could not be mentioned ? Mifs Cromwell has portraits of the earl and his laft countefs f. * Upon the death of the laft carl of Thomond and Tad- cafter, Charles O'Brien, marOial of France, colonel of an irifh regiment of foot, and governor of New Brifac, in Alface, fliled hhnfelf ear! of Thomond; he died in fep- tember, 1761. t This hiftory of the enrl of Thoraond is taken from the peerages, Le Neve's monumcnta anglicana, the fume author's hiftory of illuftrious characters who died in 1 7 12, Ludlow s memoirs, and a letter Cent the author by mif$ Cronnvdl. No. 4iG MEMOIRS OF THE No. XXXIV. The biftory of the baronet family of Frankland, ever fince they have been allied to that of the Cromwells> by fir Thomas Frankland's marrying Elizabeth, daughter of fir John RuJ/ell, bart. and Frances, youngeft daughter of the proteftor Oliver. T IH E family of Frankland is of great anti- quity, and is fuppofed to have been feated in Yorkfhire ever fince the norman conqueft. Sir rikund.. Thomas FranUand, bart. eldeft fon and heir of fir Henry, the firft baronet, married the youngeft daughter of fir John RufTell, bart. by Frances, the protector's youngeft daughter, which was a moft fortunate marriage to him, as his uncle lord Fauconberg, who had married Mary, the pro- teftor's third daughter, was fo well pleafed with it, that at the time of the wedding, he fettled upon him feveral confiderable eftates, one of them was at Chifwick, in the county of Mid- dlefex , this diftinction was due to him from his great merit : he reprefented the borough of Thrifk in feveral parlements, and was ever the F R A N K L A N D S. 417 the friend to his country, having eminently NUMBER XXXIV diftinguifhed himfelf in promoting the re- v-*~vO volution. , %SZZ zd bare. His charader and employments will be Teen in this fketch of him, given by Mackey, in his memoirs : 4 Sir Thomas Franklartd, pofl- c mailer-general, is chief of a very good fa- c mily in Yorkshire, with a very good eflate ; c his being my lord FaucoX&erg's nephew, and ' marrying a grand-daughter of Oliver Crom- c well 3 firil recommended him to king William^ c who at the revolution made him commifliorter ' of the Excije, and in fome years after gover- c nor of the poft-office ; by abundance of ap- c plication, he underftands that office better c than any man in England. And, notwith- c Handing he had no intercourfe with France f laft war, improved that revenue to ten thou- c fand pounds a year more than it was in the c moft flourilhing years. He was the firft that < direded a correfpondence v/ith Spain and ' Portugal, and all our foreign plantations, to f the great advantage of our traffick ; and is c turned for greater matters, when the govern- c ment fhall think fit to employ him. The Vol. II. E. e ( queen, 4i8 M E M O I R S O F TH E NUMBER f queen, by reafon of his great capacity and XXXIV. *^-^-^ c honefty, hath continued him in the office of Frank iuds. , f\_ 1 sir rho m ' paymafter-general. Frankland, ad bart. ( He is a gentleman of a very fweet, eafy, c affable difpofition ; of good fenfe, extreme f zealous for the conftitution of his country, f yet does not feem over forward ; keeps an c exact unity amongft the officers under him, c and encourages them in their duty, through * a peculiar familiarity, by which he obliges ' them, and keeps up the dignity of being mafter. c He is a handfome man, middle ftature, c towards forty years old.' This was written in 1723. Sir Thomas died oftober 29, 1726, and his lady in 1733 : their iflue was jix fons SLt and three daughters, viz. Frankland, ad bare. sir Thomas i . Sir Thomas Frankland, bart. of whom Franltland, . 3d bart. m a following page. William 2. William Frankland, efq. F. R. S. who FrankUnd, cfy. was made page to queen Mary at the revolu- tion, then comptroller of the general poft- office, and afterwards treafurer of the ftamp- office : F R A N K L A N D S. 419 office: he died november 28, 1714: his firft NUMBER. 1 _ XXXIV. wife was Margaret, daughter and heirefs of ^^v-*.^ A c f i i f ' * Franklands. Alcough, efq. and his fecond, hliza- beth, daughter of mr. Bawdowin ; by the for- mer he had a fon and daughter, who both died infants j by the laft, a daughter, named Elizabeth, who died unmarried. 3. John Frankland, efq. who died a youth JohnFrank- land, efy at Hamburg, in Germany. 4. Henry Frankland, of Matterfea, in the Henry C -v- i r TT i j Fwnkland, county or .Nottingham, efq. He obtained a efq. very confiderable property, in the Eaft-Indies, in which country he died, auguil 23, 1728. By Mary, daughter of Alexander Crofs, mer- chant, he had fix fons and a daughter; i. Charles-Henry, 2. Thomas, both of whom be- came baronets, and will be fpoken of hereafter ; 3. William Frankland, a merchant, and who continued in the fervice of theEaft-India com- pany for twenty years, at' Bengal, but refides now. at Montham, in the county of Sufiex j was fheriff for that county in the year 1783, and was alfo a member of parlement for the borough of Thirfk j he has never married. 4. Richard Frankland, who died young ; 5. Ro- E e 2 bert 4-0 MEMOIRS OF THE NUMBER bert Frankland, who died a captain of the Yar- XXXIV. . , , ^-^-^ mouth man of war, at Bombay, m aecember tenf"***' 1757; 6. Frederick Frankland, who died in July erq." kland> i 75 2 > at Lifbon ; he was a major in the Blues, in the britifh army ; he married ./lelifla, the daugh- ter of the rev. Lang, who furviving him, re-married to Edmund Charles Blenberg, efq. by Melifla, mr. Frankland had an only child, alfo named Melifla, who married to Per y ft on Ut-n&tf ?! e ^' ^ e ^ ec * in ] 7 74 7- Harriet Frank- land, who died upon her return to England from India, when an infant. Dr. Richard 5> Richard Fraakland, who was educated at Jefus-college, Cambridge, jand was created a doc- , , tO of civil law; he was a commiffioner of the falt-office, and alfo comptroller of the penny-poll office many years; he died abatchelor, feptember 21, 1761. Frederick 6. Frederick Frankland, who was a barrifter Frauklaud, fc 'q- at law, a commiffioner of the revenues in Ireland, then a commiffioner of the excife in that king- dom, afterwards a commiffioner of the excife in England-, and laftly, a comptroller of the ac- counts in that office. He was returned a mem" ber for the borough of Thirfk, in feveral parle- ments; and died, march 8, 1768. His wives were, F R A N K L A N D S. 42 ,. were, Elizabeth^ relict of Adam Cardonnel, e r q. NUMBER. fecretary to John, the celebrated duke of Marie- vJ-^^J, borough, who dying, January 27, 1736-7, 'he F married January 19, 1739, lady Ann. Lumley, fifter to the late earl of Scarborough, who died 4 ^ Jtfim march 28, 1739-40-, by the former- he had t-wo * ions and three daughters ; Frederick, Arthur, 1 r< ,<** Ann, and Frances, who all died young, and an- other Ann, who was married in 175.4, to the fent Thomas lord Pelham, of Stanmer, in Suflex, &Lm**Jiti&*' *+*> by whom flie has had Roger, and.'tliree other ferns, 7* *****'/* K*~ and two daughters. Mr. Frederick Frankland had no iflue by his lad marriage. 7. Robert Frank'and, was fupercargo (of the RoSFnr.fc. land) t f q Governor, his brother's Jhip) from Calcutta to the Perfian-Gulph ; and after finilliing his trad- ing voyage, and being ready to return to Bengal, the natives rofe and murdered him and all tlu other European?, at Judda. The occafion of this barbarity was, th.it the bodies of fome Lafcar indians, who died in the fliips, and had been buried below the high water mark, were walied up by the tide, and by .the floods brought up the river, which the people fuppofed, or pretended to fuppofe, had been butchered in the fliips ; fo to E e 3 retaliate 42* MEMOIRS OF THE NUMBER retaliate the injury, they proceeded to the out- xxxvi. s^>^~^ rage that involved this gentleman in ruin. Franklands. Mary, mar. A M^u. who was married to Thomas Worf- to Thomas ? o f Hovingham, in Yorkfhire, efq. efq. Fran. mar. ; ^fences, who married to Roger Taibot, of to Roger -TIV*."... fK*> ^*F~" ^ Taibot, efq. the county of York, efq k 'i^MT^oF the fame Frankland. 10. named Arabella, marriec Frankland \ me died unmarried. Sir Tno. " Sir Thomas Frankland, bart. eldeft fon and ne ^ r to t ^ ie Baronet of both thofe names, was in many places of great importance, being appointed a clerk of the deliveries of the ordnance flores, april 7, 1715; a commiffioner of the revenues for Ireland, april 8, 1724 ; one of the commif- fioners for trade and plantation, may 8, 1728 ; was likewife fecretary to the mufter-mafter- general, and was many years one of the lords commif- fioners of the admiralty : the borough of Thirfk, returned FRANKLANDS. 423 returned him one of its members in five fuccef- NUMBER XXXIV. five parlements. Sir Thomas died in march ^^ ' ' r/47i n i s wives were, -Dianna,. daughter and sir Tho. heirefs of Francis Topham, of Agelthorpe, near 3 d bait. ' Richmond, in the county of York, efq. with whom he had a very confiderable fortune -, fhe died february 2, 1740-1 ; and Sarah, daughter of mr. Mofely, a Worcefterfhire gentleman, who died January 31, 1761 ; by her he had one fon, born in augufl 1743, who died november 27 following ; hy his firft lady he had two daughters. 1. Betty, married to John-Morley Trevor, Betty, mar. of Glynn-Bourne, in Suffex, efq. a member of Trevor, efq. parlement for Lewes, in that county. There is no iffue of this marriage. 2. Diana : me became countefs to the right aiaaamir. '^, honorable George-Henry Lee, the prefent earl of Lkh. of Lichfield : fhe died without iffue, in 1772*. The title of baronet failing in the elder sir Charles- branch, for want of male iffue, it defcended FrSmd f 4th bare. * Sir Thomas had a natural fon, to whom he gave the names of Henry Cromwell, as 1 am credibly informed : mr. Cromwell was with admiral Kempenfelc in the gallant aHon off the fiench coaft in the la(t war, and was made a captain in the navy, november 14, 1781. Ee 4 to MEMOIRS OF THE to fir Charles-Henry Frarikland, baronet, ne- phew of fir Thomas, and fon of Henry Frank- land, of Matterfea, efq. Sir Charles-Henry Sir Chartes- *? cn 7 , was for many years collector of his maiefty's F.ankiand, 4 th ban. cuftoms for the port of Bofton, in North- America i he was afterwards conful-general to the court of Portugal, to which place he was appointed in 1761, and was, when there, bu- ried for an hour under the ruins in the great earthquake at Lifbon, november i, 1755, but fortunately efcaped death j and returning to his own country, died at Bath, after a long ill nefs, January n, 1768. He married Agnes Brown, of New-England, in America : who re-married, after his death, to John Drew, of Colchcffef. efq. a banker in that city : fhe died at that place, april 23, 1783, of an in- flammation in her lungs, aged about fifty-five years : fhe accompanied her firft hufband to Lifbon, and was there with him when the earthquake happened ; and what is fingular, obferved from her elegant feat at Bofton, the battle of Bunker's-hill, after which fhe re- turned to Britain. As fir Charles-Henry died without iflue, he was fucceeded in the title of baronet by his next brother Sir FRANK LANDS. 425 Sir Thomas Frankland, the prefent baronet, who was brought up to the naval department ; became a captain in July, 1740 ; and, in de- cember, 1744, he was fo fortunate as to take a french fhip of great value, off the Havannah, with a fpanifh regifter, homeward bound, after an engagement of feveral hours : upon the death of his brother he fucceeded to the title of baronet, at lohicli time lie w*s a faftontfrBen- he rofe afterwards to be vice-admiral of the red fquadron of his majefty's fleet, and,' as fuch, was one of the fupporters of the canopy at his royal highnefs the duke of York's fu- neral, and is now. an admiral of the white : he has reprefented the borough of Thirfk in five fucceffive parlements. His lady is Sarah Rhett, grand-daughter of the chief-juftice of South- Carolina, in North America, whom he mar- ried in that province, in may, 1743 : the iffue. of this marriape has been very numerous. " ***, / a. Thomas Frankland, efq. who was born in feptember, 1750, and received his education at Morton-college, Oxford ; he married-- daughter of^ ^SmelL efq. y t+r&v**- 3. Hugh, Henry. 426 M E M O I R S O F ^. "Unrrk Fr^nklAn/j rl'^ r ~ ^ William Frankland, efq. NUMBER ^. "Unrrk Fr^nklAn/j rl'^ r...inA XXXIV. ~ Hugh Mary. J^ r~Mary, married to fir Boyle Roach, in Ireland. Sarah. 7. Sarah, died young- 7 *^ ""> " " j - G Harriot. & %. Harriot. Ann. fo ^ Ann, married to - Lewis, of Glamor- ganfhire, efq. J ^%. Dinah, married to - Bowles, in the county of Wilts, efq. , y&twi Catherine. & ~. Catherine, married to Wyneats, efq. an officer in India. Charlotte. Q . Charlotte, married to Robert Nicholas, of Afhton-Keynes, in the county of Wilts, efq. , unmarried. Grace. /A i*. Grace, others that died very young*. * The hiftory of the family of Frankland is taken from Kimber and Johnfon's baronetages ; various other writers, and fome particulars fent me by dr. Grecnhill ; it may be neccffary R RICHARD MAJOR, ESQ.. 437 ; V> No. XXXV. hiftory of Richard Major, efq. father-in-law to the protefor Richard. I C H A R D Major, efq *. was Ton of John NUMBER XXXV Major, mayor and alderman of Southamp- ^-*y-N^ ton ; he was, it is fuppofed, firft feated at Sylton, JJS.,5 f a manor he owned, but whether from defcent or &tSn?' purchafe, is uncertain , Sylton is in Dorfet- jd^oteX.' ihiref, but probably difliking that place, he dif- O f theoth houfe, and a neceffary to correct a pafiage in the hiftory of the firft fir fJ'botlTthe Thomas Frankland, in, the baronetages ; they fay that the P rote ^ ors - earl of Fauconberg was defcended from Mary, daughter of the proteclor Oliver, but his lordfhip married that lady, inftead of being defcended from her. * The name of this family is fometimes written Maior, and Maijor. T It appears from a variety of articles, entered On fix pages of the account books of mr. Major, which are dill extant, and in the poffeffion of fir Thomas Heathcote, the prefent lord of the manor of Merdon, that he was lord of the manor of Sylton from lady-day, 1637, till the end of the next year ; how much longer he held it, or whether he was poffelfed of it before 1637, is uncertain; by a memoran- dum of his it appears, that a terrier of the parfonage there, was put into Blandford court, in the fummer of 1637. It is moft probable, that mr. Major refided at Sylton before he came to Hurfley ; becaufe xiuring the years 1637, and 8 1638, MEMOIRS OF pofed of it, and fettled at Hurfley, about four v^~ or five miles ftom the city of Winchefter, which The life of Richard he purchafed, with the manor of Merdon, in major, efq. &c. which Hurfley lies*. 1638, he appears to have been very bufy at that place, in repairing his houfe, and adding to his ftock and flieep ; in 1637, he was engaged in a law-fuit concerning the common at Syhon. * It is moft reafonable to fuppofe that mr. Major pur- chafed Hurfley, together with the manor of Maiden, alias Merdon, about 1639, becaufcthe firft entry into his account- book concerning the manor, is dated in that year, this added to there being a memorandum of his, in which he fays, he had been informed by two perfons concerned about the falling of coppices, in the years 1632, 1633, I ^34' '635, an d jfrj" , which information, a perfon of his apparent attention to bufinefs, would not have wanted, had he, during thofe years, either refided upon, or even owned the manor, for he was a moft exacl man in collecting every information relating to Merdon ; and when the rights and cuftoms of that manor were difputed between mr. Oliver Cromwell, fon of the protector Richard, and the tenants, the court of chancery decreed, in 1698, that the articles made in 1650, between mr. Major and the tenants, fiiould be ratified, and an authentic copy of them be preferved in the church of Hurfley. The cuftoms of the manor, ajid the pro- ceedings, were published by Matthew Imber, gent. London, 1707 j 8vo. for private ufe ; from the commencement of the fuit in 1691, to the decree in 1698, the lord of the manor, Oliver Cromwell, efq. and twenty of the tenants died. Mr. John White, who the tenants had impowered to carry on the fuit, was not paid at his death, in 1699 ' l ^ e RICHARD MAJOR, ESQ.. 429 Mr. Major was greatly attached to the puritans ; NUMBER. XXXV, but I find no mention of his aflifting the parle- -^^ ment againft the king, nor of his interefting him- Richard felf in politics till after his alliance with the Crom- &c? r> wells , July 14, 1653, he was added to the coun- cil of Hate, when Oliver called a convention (to which he afterwards gave the name of parle- ment), and it behoved him to be careful in chufmg fuch whom he could depend upon, as they were to give him the fcepter; he. procured him to be returned a member for Southamp- ton ; and when this parlement gave him the title of protector, he appointed him one of his privy-council. In the following year he was named by the protector an alTefTbr of the taxes for both Southampton and the ifle of Wight* j and when the other houfe was erected, he had a were 1074!. Query. Was not this the petition of Oliver, the fon of the proteclor Richard, prefented by fir Edward Seymour, bart. to the houfe of commons, of which notice ii taken i'n the firfl volume, relating to that tranta&ion ? "" From a letter written by major-general Goffe toThur- loe, dated at VVinchefter, may 5, 1656, it appears, that not- wuhflanding Oliver's power, and nir. Major's confequencc in the place ad neighbourhood, the magiftrates of South- ampton, were yodinft him and the gW/y ^a. r ^'. feat 4s MEMOIRS OF NUMRER feat in it, with the title of lord ; upon his fon- XXXV*. x-^-v^, in-law's fucceflion to the fovereignty, he was RicbMd declared of his privy-council, but his lamenefs jcc! J r ' prevented his attending at court, which was no little injury to the protestor, as he was a man of great capacity and knowledge of men : the misfortunes of Richard, and the return of roy- alty, with his bodily infirmities, terminated his life in his fifty- fixth year, april 25, 1660 : he was buried in the chancel of the church of Hurfley : upon the grave- ftone laid over him is his arms, with three rofes, or crolTes in chief, impaling the proper arms of the Kingfmills, and this infcription : Hie jacet corpus Ricardi Maijor . Armigeri, Dominique Hujus Manerii de Merdon alias Marden, Qui obiit 2j to Die Aprilis, Ano. Dni. 1660. jEtatis Suae 56 to The protector Oliver tells mr. Major, that it was his and his family's godlinefs that made him court his alliance, and not from any con- fiderations about his confiderable property ; he having had many prop ofals for his fon, of greater RICHARD MAJOR, E s g,. 431 greater advantage than his : how true this may NUMBER. be, is difficult to determine. In a letter to one ^- , - of their common friends, Oliver fays, he per- Richard ceives that he was c wife and honeft, and, in- &c. c deed, much to be vallewed j' but he imme- diately fubjoins, * fome things of comon fame ' did a little fticke ;' it is impoffible to know, at this diftance of time, what thefe e things' the world objected againft him were j but, from the feeming attention he paid to money matters, it is not improbable that it was either exceflive love of money Jimply, or that he had done fome action to add to his wealth, more than what his honor ought to have permitted ; I therefore, notwithftanding the old protector's affeveration, fhould fufpect that money was the principal inducement that occafioned him to feek the marriage of his fon to this gentleman's daughter*. Mr. Major married Ann, daughter of John Kingfwell, gent, lord of the manor of Marvel, in the ifle of Wight, with whom he had fome * There was a Edward Major, efq. who was vice conful at Gallipoli, during Oliver's prote&oratc ; he was ill ufed by the Cadee, for which that magiftrate, upon complaint, was removed. lands 43 * MEMOIRS OF NUMBER lands in that and other places in the ifle of v ^_^, Wight: mr. Kingiwell died march 6, 1639, RiSilS^ * n tfte feventy-feventh year of his age, and is Major, efq. b ur i ec [ j n the chancel of Huriley church, where there is a flat ftone, with his arms, viz. fatire, between four animals (probably lions) heads, and infcribed, Hie jacet corpus Johif. Kingfwell De Marvel in Infula Vedlis Gen. Oui obiit VI to Die Martii Ano. Domi. 1639 An - que jEtatis-Suz 77' Mrs. Major died June 13, 1662, aged fifty- fix, and was buried near her hufband and fa- ther : the grave-ftone laid to protect her re- mains has the arms of the Kingfwells, quar- tering a chevron, between three fleur-de-lis, and this epitaph : Hie jacet Corpus Anna Maijor Viduzc, Qux Maritum habuit Ricardum Maijor de Hurfiey Ar- migcrum, et Patrem Johannem Kingfwell de Marvel i Generofum Obiit i3 tio Die Junii An Dni. 1662 /Etatis Suas 56 *. * Mr. and mrs. Major, and mr. Kingfwcll's grave-ftones lie upon the ground within the rails of the altar, parallel to RI CHARD MA J O &, s <*, 433 The iflue of this marriage was only two NUMBER: XXXV daughters ; Dorothy, who was married to the ^-^^1, protector Richard, and Ann, the wife of John ^15 f Dunch, of Pufey, in Berks, efq. eldeft ion of & c ? r ' Samuel Dunch, efq. by Dulcebella his wife : Samuel was feated at North-Badifley, a place about three miles from Hurfley, and the next parifh to it, the manor of which belonged to" him ; he was probably related to, if not de- fcended from, thofe of Little-Wittenham ; he -was an active member of the long-parlementy his name frequently occurring in the journals of the houfe of commons, during the years 1643, 1644, and 1650 ; he was alfo a member for the county of Berks in 1653, and was much trufted by the protector Oliver, who, in 1654, appointed him one of the vifitors of the univerfity of Oxford*. to and touching each other, mr. Ringtail's being the mid- dlemen ; it is fuppofed that they were injured about thirty years fince, when the chancel was re-built, and which is the reafon why both the infcriptions and arms upon them, are fo bad as fcarce to be difcernable. * Samuel Dunch, efq. was the ddeft fon and heir of Edmund; he had three daughters, I think ; x Mary, who was the firft wife of fir John Pile, of Compton, Berks, bart. by whom fhe had only Frances, who died young ; lady Pile is buried in Pufey church ; upon a marble grave-done laid over her remains is their fhiekl of arms, viz. a crofs Vol. II. F f between 434 MEMOIRS OF NUMPER Mr. John Dunch, though unknown to the xxxv. v-^-v-^, protetlor, was invited to court, after his nlar- pLfeJ-. riage, by the following letter : fno. Duiuh, haulage ^ or m y Iwing friend, John fiunck, efa. othe piot. SIR, Richard. I defter to fpeake with you, & hearinge a report from Hurjleye that you was goinge to y r father's in Berkjhiere, I fend this expreffe to you, defiring you to come to mee at Hampton Court-, with my refpefts to y r father, I reft y r lovinge Friend, Aug. ayth ^57. Oliver Pr. between four nails, or piles, impaling a chevron, between three catties, with this motto, V'trginis en volis cajlee nuptteqi.c coronam ; by the epitaph it appears, fhe wasdtorn June 25, 1616* married June 9, 1634, and died January i, 1638. Dulcebtlla, the fecond daughter of mr. Dunch, married Edward Wifeman, efq. (anceftor of the baronets of that name) by whom fhe had four fons and three daughters ; (lie died november 10, 1656, aged 37 ; fhe is buried in * Steventon church, in Berkfhire : and , the third daughter, was married to Beck, efq. folicitor to the councils of (late, and who mr. Dunch wifhed to gento the houfe of commons, as a member for forne place in the county of Berks, in 1656. There was alfo another very opulent family of the name of Dunch, featedin Oxfordfhire, which ended in the male line in Henry Dunch, of New- ington, in that county, whofe only daughter and heir, Elizabeth, married to fir Cecil Bifhop, of Parkham, in Suf- fcx, bart. Such JOHN DUNCH, ESQ.. 435 Such an invitation would not be flighted j NUMBER what preferment he had does not appear ; in ^^^-^ 1654, 1656, and 1658-9, he was returned a D pJJfcl * member of parlement for the county of Berks* By mifs Dunch he had feven children, all Hii.chU- born at Hurfley ; i. Major Dunch, efq. born auguft 9, 1651 ; he married the daughter of Philip lord Warton, by whom he had no child ; his death happened feptember 27, 1679, when only twenty-eight years of age ; he was buried in Pufey church, where his widow fet up a monument to commemorate his virtue and learning*, i. Samuel Dunch^ born feptem- ber 26, 1652. 3* Dulcebel Dunch, born march 29, 1654. 4. Ann Dunch, born June 22, 1655 f. 5. Edmund Dunch, born fep- tember 3, 1656. 6. Ann Dunch, born march u, 1657: and 7. John Dunch, born October 5, 1659$. " * The epitaph upon Major Duncb, eftjr's. monument is given in Le Neve's monum. anglicana. f There is no mention of this Ann Dunch's death itt the regifter of Hurfley, probably flic was buried at Pufey. | The hiftory of the Majors and Dunchs of Pufey is taken from regiftcrs, funeral monuments, and oilier mate- F f 2 T1 3 436 DESCENDANTS OF No. XXXVI. Of the defendants of Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Cromwell, tbe lord-lieutenant of Ireland. LIZABETH > the only furviving daughter of Henry Cromwell, lord lieutenant of Ire- Rufielis of . - Fordham. land, was born at Cnippenham, June 3, 1660, RufTeii, of fhe was married to William Ruffell, of Fordham, Fordham, . _ ef q . who ' m Cambridgefhire, efq. who had a commiffion mar. Eliz. daugh. of in the army ; he was fon of Gerard Ruffell, efq. Jlen.Crom- * ^ ^ e *~ ame P^ CCj and grand ion of fir William^ Ruffell, the firft baronet , a marriage concluded probably from the feveral prior alliances between thefe two families of Cromwell and Ruffell; it however was a mofl unfortunate one for the lady, as mr. Ruffell lived at an expence far ex- ceeding his income. He kept the firft company ; had his coach and fix, which, with other needlefs expences, together with a large family, brought him fo much in 'debt, that his creditors became clamorous: fortunately for himfelf, he died in rials, communicated by the rev. S. Gauntlet ; from various writers of the civil wars ; Harris's life of Cromwell ; peerage ; baronetage ; Willis's not. parl. Thurloe's ftate papers ; mr. Cough's topography ; and Le Neve's monu- menu anfclicana. ELIZABETH CROMWELL. 437 1701, and was buried, June 26, in Fordham NUMBER church. His widow, inftead of endeavouring ^~i^, to retrieve the (hattered fortunes of the family, FoSaT/ ftrove to keep up an appearance of riches as long as 2vfifc f ~ it was pofiible ; when, in the night-time, (he fet off & in her coach, with as many of her children as me could take, and went to London, much indebted to all the neighbourhood ; and died in that city, in the year 1711, of the fmall-pox, which (he caught by keeping fome of the hair of two of her daughters, who died a little before her, of that Children of W&i, Ruf- dreadful diftemper. She had the numerous fa- fcll > e !~iv, f by Eliz. mily of feven fons. and fix daughters. oaugh.of H. J ^ Cromwell, lord lieut.of 1. Obryon-William Rufiell, who was bap- Sy?wm. tized oftober 17, 1684, at Fordham (as were all Ruirct1 ' tf *' his brothers and fifters, except the two youngeft) what became of him, I could not learn, only that he was brought up to no profeflion. 2. Henry, baptized oftobsr 10, 1685; he Henry Ruf. ,. j r fell.efq. died at fea. 3. John, baptized december 4, 1688; he Jn. RufTeii. died march 23, 1694-5, and was buried in Ford- ham chancel, march 25, 1695 ; over whom, within the communion-rails, is a black marble flab. F f 3 4. William 43S DESCENDANTS OF DUMBER A. William, baptized december 6. 1680 : he XXXVI N_x-v-^J was alfo in the fea-fervice, and in which he died. RulTclls of w m . R u f. 5 Francis, baptized January 19, 1691-2-, he feii,cfq. was b^g^ U p to ^ h f ler y bufmefs, which he Mr. Francis Rufl-cu. followed in London. Ed. Ruffeii. 6, Edward, baptized march 14, 1693; he died auguft, 18, 1694, and is buried near his brother John, in Fordham church. Hfi **' 7. Thomas, baptized auguft 31, 1695; he was fet apprentice to his brother Francis: he never married. Piiza.mar, 8. Elizabeth, baptized may 2, 1683; flie six Aye. ' married to mr. Robert D'Aye, of Soham, of an ancient family, who having fpent a good fortune, was fo reduced, that he died in the workhoufe. The daughters of the protector Richard leflened the weight of mrs. D'Ayes misfortunes, by fend- ing an annual prefent to her, arid by leaving her a legacy at their deaths ; but this did not pre- yent her experiencing very great hardmips from poverty : (he died fo late as november 5, 1765, at Soham. The children that lived to the age of manhood, were, i. Ruflell D'Aye, who, captain 3mith (pitying his condition) fent to fea, when a boy, ELIZABETH CROMWELL. 439 boy, in which fervice he died a batchelor, and NUMBER XXXV {* fcarce or age. 2. Elizabeth D'Aye, who was the v / firll wife of Thomas Addefon, of Soham, who, Fw law, at the time of her mar- riage : this child was brought up as a gentle- woman, and married to mr. Peachy, no ways allied to her nominal father, but a perfon of fortune and education; by him Ihe had i. Richard Peachy, who died unmarried, when about twenty-five years of age; 2. William Peachy, who was in 1780, at the univerfity of Cambridge ; he will have an eftate of about lool. per annum, when he comes of age; and Elizabeth Peachy, married to the rev. Ellis, of Milborne, in Cambridgefhire. I A married to mr. Nelfon, of Mil- ,nr. mr. Nelfon. denhall, by whom (he had a fon, a jeweller, who went abroad, and a daughter married to a mr. Redderock, an attorney at Mildenhall, who dying in poor circumftances, mrs. Red- derock now keeps a fchool in that place ; fhe is the mother of Ruflfell Redderock, an attor- ney 44 5 MEMOIRS O F T H E NUMBER ney there, and many other children. When XXXVf. >^-^J, we view the great Cromwell in his palace, fur- rounded with his guards, and the kings of the earth ftriving which fhould gain his friendfhip by the abjeftnefs of their fubmifiions, we look with aftonifliment at feveral of thefe, his de- fcendants, almoft begging their daily bread. On! Oliver, if you could have feen that the gratification of your ambition could not pre- vent your defcendants in the fecond and third generation from falling into the mod fevere poverty, you would furely have facrificed fewer lives to that idol. How much are they to be pitied ! the elevation of their anceftor, but humiliates them the more. In writing their (lory, and knowing how true it is, from occu- lar demonftration, I feel the greateft fympathy; and I have dwelt longer upon it, that the many affluent, nay feveral right honorable families^ to whom they are allied, will remember that fuch perfqns exift, and that they have great claims upon them, by a double tye and even the public at large. The nation thought itfelf honored by giving birth to a Milton, and generoufly fubfcribed towards the fupport of his unfortunate defcendants ; if the poet railed the HEWLINGS. 44.3 the fame of Britain by his lyre, furely Cromwell raifed it far higher by his fword : all nations trembled at his name, and he made that of a bri- ton greater than ever was a roman : it may be replitd to this, that Oliver was an ufurper ; to which 1 rejoin, Milton was his lecretary, and openly defended th^fe actions which the protector is moft blamed forj yet, did the royal Caroline patronize the humane difpofition of her fubjects in relieving his grandchildren *. No, XXXVII. T'be hiftory of mejjrs. Benjamin and William Hew- /;', brothers of Hannah, wife of major Rich- ard Cromwell, and others her relations. THESE two amiable, but unfortunate NUMBER. i r , r TT V XXXVIL gentlemen, of the name or Hewling, ^^'-+~* were the only fons of mr. Benjamin Hewling, O f \^ ' a turkey merchant of good fortune, in Lon- * don, who, happily for himfelf, died before * The defccndants of Elizabeth, grand-daughter of Henry, lord-lieutenant of Ireland, is taken from the re- giftcr of Fordham, and from the teftimony of many of the inhabitants in and near that place, particularly mr. Addcfon, who married one of them. them; 4H MEMOIRS OF THE yuMFF.R them ; they were, after their father's death, XXXVII. ^-v-^, mod carefully brought up by a tender mo- Thch.ftory t k er> an ^ their maternal grandfather, mr. Wil- liam Kiffin, who, though very much advanced in years, as well as his wife, furvivcd them both : the Hewlings and Kiffins were proteft- ant difienters, and the latter (if not the former) were anabaptifts. Mr. Benjamin Hewling, -the eldeft brother, made a great progrefs in learning, was well fkilled in the mathematics, and other parts of philofophy, and was fome time in Holland to perfect himfelf in thefe and other ftudies; when the duke of Monmouth came injto Eng- land, and laid claim to a crown which he had not a Jfhadow of right to, mr. Hewling, whofe zeal for the proteftant intereft led him to depofe king James, as* a papift, upon any terms whatever, joined his ftandard; the duke gave him a troop of horfe, with which he fig- nalized himfelf in feveral ikirmifhcsj and as ill chance would have it, he was difpatched with a detachment of his own troop and two more, to Mynhead, in Somerfetfhire, to fetch cannon to the army ; he returned at the very time H E W L I N G S. 4-15 time that the duke of Monmouth was routed at NUMRF.R Sedgmore, which he in vain endeavoured to pre- ^^^^ vent; the lofs of the battle is thought to be greatly J 1 '^' 801 * owing to his abfence with fo confiderable a part HcwhD *- of the horfe, and the moft refolute of the army. Mr. William Hewling, was educated with an equal care to his brother, and was alfo fent into Holland for improvement ; he returned from thence with the duke of Monmouth, and alfo en~ lifted under his banner, and bore the rank of lieutenant of foot at the battle of Sedgmore, where he, as well as his brother, behaved with diftin- guifhed gallantry. After the army difperfed, the two unfortunate brothers continued together, and took the firft op- portunity of putting to fea, but they were driven back again, and with difficulty gained land, by climbing over the dangerous rocks : but the profpect now before them, was as melancholy as from that they had juft fled ; the country was filled with foldiers, and thofe who had been raifed to feize upon Monmouth's partizans ; where- fore fearing to fall into the hands of the foldiery, or the rabble, they furrendered themfelves to a gentleman whofe houfe was near the place they landed 446 M E M O I R S O F T H E NUMBER, landed at ; from whence they were fent to Exe- " ter prifon, July 12th, and on the 27th, follow- i n g> were P ut on board the Swan frigate, and conve y ec j to tne Thames, from whence they were taken to Newgate ; from which prifon they were removed to Salifbury, then to Dorchefter, where mr. William Hewling was tried and condemned, and fent, with feveral others, to Lyme, where he was executed, feptember 12, 1685. Mr. Ben- jamin Hewling was tried and executed, with many others, at Taunton, where he was put to death, feptember 30, fome days after his brother. Of all the the unhappy victims that died in the Weft, none were more pitied than thefe two brothers ; their youth, their beauty, their being the only fons of their mother, and fhe a wi- dow, their extraordinary piety, refignation, even excefiive'joy at their approaching fate, made all men look up wich horror at a throne, which, in- ' ftead of being of mercy, was that not only of fevere juftice, but excefs of cruelty ; for they were flat- tered with life, though not even one (which was earneftly defired) was faved : they were treated with the grcateft inhumanity, and even fhameful barbarity j for, in Newgate, they were loaded with HEWLINGS. 447 with heavy irons, not permitted to be together, NITMBF.* , .. xxxvii. nor to have any or their friends lee them, even y _, in the pretence of the keeper of the prifon , when of \^ ' the eldeft was taken to execution, the fheriff, cal- lous to every feeling of humanity, would fcarce permit him and his fellow-unfortunates, to take leave of their friends. At the fatal tree, after two of the oldeft prifoners had prayed, he would not permit mr. Hewling*, to pray apart, though it was particularly requefted, but afked him if he would pray for the king, to which he anfwered, I pray for all men ;' and when the brutifh fhe- r'uTwas aflced permiffion for them to fingapfalm, he replied, ' it muft be with ropes about their necks,' to this they chearfully complied. The forrowing fpeftators exclaiming, it both broke " and rejoiced their hearts.' The people, as if to reflect upon their fove- rcign's flintinefs of heart, ftrove who fliould moft exprefs their pity and regard for them whilft liv- ing, and when dead j the body of the youngeft * It was obferved, that when mr. Benjamin Hewling was fet upon the fledge, it was half an hour before the officers could force the horfes to draw, which greatly enraged them, as there was no vifible obftruclion ; and at laft, the mayor and ft e riffs were obliged to drajf the horfes forwards themfelves. was 488 MEMOIRS OF TH KUMBER was depofited in Lyme church-yard, attended by ^^J two hundred perfons, and accompanied by fome Jf h t e J" ftory of the moft fafhionable young women in the town* though j t was t h e day following his untimely death, and no invitation or preparation made : and moft of the inhabitants of Taunton, alfo waited upon the remains of William, to the church in chat place, where his remains were depofited 5 which was wonderful, when we recollect the hor- rid butchery that muft every where prefent itfelf to them under the unfeeling tyrant ; and that fe- i veral of the dreadful objects died only for afford" ing comfort to thofe who had been in arms. The dignity and acquiefcence in God's provi- dence under their misfortunes, and the cruelty of their deaths, made a great imprefiion upon all fober men, and the outrages committed in the Weft, more than any thing, contributed to over- turn the throne of a tyrant, which he had difco- lored with the blood of fo many of his fubjects, to gratify an infatiabfe cruelty. Their characters are thus drawn in the new martyrology, from which the above is taken, ' They were both of very fweet and obliging < tempers, as has appeared in their hiftory, it being H E W L I N G S. 449 ' being a very hard matter for their worft ene- NUMBER e mies, when they once knew 'em well, not to ^^. ' 'honour and love 'em. Mr. Benjamin, the of the llewiings. c elder, reconciled the lamb and the lion ex- c actly. In the field he feem'd made only for e war; and any' where elfe, for nothing but * love. He, without flattery, deferved to be ' called a very fine man, of a lovely proportion, c extreamly well made, fo handfome a meen, ( and good an air, as perhaps few in England ( exceeded him.' His pidure (a print given in the martyrology) is pretty like him. c The younger, mr. WJlliam, fomewhat taller f and more {lender, his face frefh and lively, * as his fpirit, being mafter of an extraordinary * vivacity and brijknefs of temper. Both of 'em . f virtuous, pious, and courageous, far above 1 their years, and indeed, feem'd to be men too e foon, one of 'em not being twenty, the eldeft c but two-and-twenty, when they dy'd j veri- * fying that common obfervation, that what- 4 ever is PERFECT fooner than ordinary, has ge- * nerally ajhorter period prefixed to it than what's c more bafe and ignoble. ,' Vol. II, G g It 45o MEMOIRS OF THE NUMBER It would, for many reafons, be improper to S^Ui omit what mr. Hewling Lufon has faid of Jf h thc lftory thefe two young men, and others of this fa- of Hannah, the wife of major Richard Crom- well, he fays, tc This Hannah Hewling, my mother's elder fifter, is the perfon fo often mentioned in the many particular relations which were publifhed, of the bloody unre- lenting profecutions in the well, after the de- feat of the duke of Monmouth's rebellion. c The two unfortunate brothers of this lady, Benjamin and William Hewling, were the only males of their name, and of their family, which was in the higheft efteem and popularity among the {launch whigs and dif- fenting proteftants, at that time fo numerous and confiderable in that city. Their parts were excellent, and their education was the beft that could be given them ; their morals were fpotlefs, their piety exemplary ; their zeal againft popery, the ardour of their courage in the field, and the manly meeknefs and devout refignation of their deportment, to the lafr, under H E W L I N G S. 43l under their fufferings, concurred with their NUMBER youth, the one twenty-one*, the other not quite "^^ZJl" twenty, and the uncommon beauty and grace- The hiftor y fulnefs of their perfons, to place them the firft in the lift, which was at that time called NUMBER, lino: according to his ufual cuftom, with the XXXVII. ^-^. > greateft brutality ; " but black as he is, the ofthe' y devil may be blackened!" for Jefferies al- ways treated her with the greateft politenefs and refpect. This inftance however does noc much foften the horror of his general charac- ter. Jefferies had a relation, from whofe fortune he had formed great expectations ; and as this re- lation was an intimate acquaintance of the Hew- lings, he exerted himfelf very warmly with him in their behalf. He repeatedly protefted to the chief juftice, that " the continuance of his friend - " fhip, together with every benefit he might hope " would refult from it, depended entirely upon " his ufing every endeavour to fave the Hew- " lings." This Jefferies protefted he did ; with what fincerity, God only knows ; but he always declared the king was inexorable *. * Sir John Dalrymple afferts, that " when James knew the cruelties of Jeffeiies, he gave orders to flop them ;" but this affertion is againfl all evidence ; for he knew daily of his condul, or campaign, as he ftiled it ; was accuftomed to repeat his infamous tool's cruelties with jocularity ; and for his glorious and pleaGng fervices, he made him, after his campaign, lord high chancellor. 'When H E W L I N G S. 453 * When Tefferies was afterwards prifoner in the NUMBER. -XXXVII. Tower, he complained to dr. Scott, author of v-~v-^x " the chriftian life," who vifited him under his of the' confinement, of his hard fate, " I was hated," fays he, "by the kingdom, for doing fo much in the ' weft, and I was ill received by the king, for not " having done more." He ufed almoft the fame words when he was applied to for the Hew lings. * When Hannah Hewling prefente J a petition to the king, in behalf of her brothers, fhe was in- troduced by lord Churchill, afterwards duke of Marlborough, while they waited in the anti- chamber, for admittance, {landing near the chim- ney-piece, lord Churchill allured her of his mod hearty willies of fuccefs to her petition ; " but madam," faid he, " I dare not flatter you with any fuch hopes, for that marble is as capable of feel- ing compaffion as the king's heart*." This de- claration of lord Churchill adds no fmall degree of credibility to JefFcries report of the king's cb- durate cruelty. * Tins exaflly agrees with the opinion that mart be formed both of James's head and heart, from his oW;i if ters, in which, numerous as they are, fir John ' n G g 3 obicrves, 4 54 MEMOIRS OF THE NUMBER William Kyffin*, the father of mrs. Hewling, v-^-^ was then alive ; this man throughout his life had of the' y been a merchant, and was poflefled of what was Pf then thought a very large fortune ; yet I think he fometimes gave vent to his piety, by holding forth amongft the baptifts. He was, however, in much and general efteem ; his fortune and af- fluence placed him amongft the foremoft of the diflenters in the city. I believe he never meddled with politics himfelf, but all his connexions were amongft the warmeft patriots of thofe'warm rimes. Hayes the banker, who married another of Kyf- fin's daughters, was tried for his life, in 1 684, for remitting money to" fir Thomas Armftrong, an outlaw. Hayes narrowly efcaped the halter, which the court, under Charles II. earneftly de- fired to be put about his neck. The trial was curious and important, as it ftruck at the root of obferves, ' there is fcarcely one ftroke of genius or fenfi- bility to be found." * There was a William Kyffin, who was intruded by the parlement, in 1647, to be an affeffor of their taxes, to be raifed in the county of Middlcfex ; and one of the fame name was at the head of thofc that Cgned a profeflion of ihc faith pf anabaptifm, in 1644, in behalf of his congre- gation j H E W LINGS. mercantile liberty. A good account is given of it by Burnet *. * The hiftory of the c Kyffin was perfonally known both to Charles Hewll s ' and James ; and when the latter of thefe princes* after having arbitrarily deprived the city of the old charter, determined to put many of the dif- fenters into the magiftracy ; under the rofe, he fent for Kyffin to attend him at court. When he .went thither in obedience to the king's com- mand, he found many lords and gentleman. The king immediately came up to him, and addrefled him with all the little grace he was mafter of. He talked of "his favor to the diffenters," in the gallon ; and who, during Oliver's protectorate, wrote to thofe of that perfuafion in Ireland, to requeft them to live peaceably, and fubmit to the civil magiftrate ; and who alfo figned an apology in behalf of himfelf and his brethren, of the fame judgment, with a proteftation againft Venner's fifth monarchy plot, which is called ' the late wicked and ' mofl horrible treafon and rebellion in this city of Lon- * don,' and avowed their loyalty to the king, promiGng that their practice fhould be conformable. In the lall cen- tury the anabaptifts were powerful and turbulent ; at this time they are inconfiderable and peaceable. * " See his " hiftory of his own times," yol. I. p. 599. and (late trials, vol. III. p. 983. G g 4 court 45 6 MEMOIRS OF THE NUMBER court ftile of the feafbn, and concluded with tell- xxxvn. ^-v^ ing Kyffin, " he had put him down as an al- Thejifto y ^ erman j n hj s new cnarter> Sire," 'replied Kyf- fin, " I am a very old man, and have withdrawn " myfelf from all kind of bufinefs for fome years " paft, and am incapable of doing any fervice in " fuch an. affair, to your majefty or the city be- " fides, fir," the old man went on, fixing his eyes fteadfaftly upon the king-, while the tears ran down his cheeks, " the death of my grandfons, ** gave a wound to my heart, which is (till bleed- " ing, and never will clofe, but in the grave !" c The king was deeply ftruck by the manner, the freedom, and the fpirit of this unexpected rebuke. A total filence enfued, while the galled countenance of James feemed to ftirink from the horrid remembrance. In a minute or two, however, he recovered himfelf enough to fay, " Mr. Kyffin, I (hall find a balfam for that " fore," and immediately turned about to a lord in waiting*. * * A ftroke equally unexpected, and equally deferved, this unfeeling monarch received, at an extraordinary coun- cil, which he called foon after the lauding of the prince of Orange ; H E W L I N G S. 357 'When the frcnch proteftants were driven to NUMBER .XXXVII England for refuge, this William Kyffin received v^x~ into his protection, a numerous french family of of *he"' confiderable rank. He fitted up and furnifted a houfe of his own, for their reception, provided them with fervants, and entirely maintained them at his own expence, in a manner which bore fome proportion to their rank in France -, and when this family afterwards recovered fome part of their ruined fortune, he would not diminim it a fmgle milling, by taking any retribution for the fervices he had done them. Such were the city patriots of thofe times ! ' I give thefe feveral accounts as I have heard them in the family, I have no doubt of their authenticity; and I infert them in this letter, Orange ; when amidfl the filent company he applied him- felf to the earl of Bedford, father to the execuftd lord Ruffelh, faying, " My lord, you are a good man, and have great influence ; you can do much for me at this time ;" to which the earl replied, *' I am an old man, and can do but little -," then added with a figh, "lhad once a fon, who could now have been very ferviccable to your majefty ;" which words, fays Echard, {truck the king half dead with filencc and confufion.' 2 I hope 458 MEMOIRS, kc. NUMBER I hope not improperly, as they relate to public XXXVII. characters and events. c It was not I believe above a year after the execution of her brothers, that Hannah Hew- ling, who died 1731, married major Richard Cromwell before mentioned *.' * "May 28, 1686," fays dr. Gibbons Vide the new martyiology, and dr. Hugh's letters. A CATALOGUE A CATALOGUE OF Sucb -perfons as the CromwtUs raifed to honors and great employments, SECRETARY OF STATE. JOHN Thurloe, efq. fon of the rev. Thomas Thur- loc, redlor of Abbots-Rod ing, in Eflex, born in 1616; through the recommendation of Oliver St. John, afterwards lord chief-juftice, he was appointed fecretary to the parlement commiflioners, at the treaty of Ux- bridge ^ in 1647, he was admitted of Lincoln's-inn, and foon after made receiver or clerk of the curfitors fines, worth more than 350!. per annum ; in 1650, he was chofen one of the keepers of the treafury of the company of undertakers, for draining the Bedford level in the ifle of Ely; and in march in that year, attended his patron, St. John, and Walter Strickland, efq. ambafladors to Holland, as their fecretary ; and returning in June the following year, he was made fecretary to the council of ftate. Upon Oliver's attaining the protectorate he was made fecretary of ftate, in which employment he was con- tinued by Richard the protector, to whom he was faith- ful, advifmg him (as did Whitlock) not to comply with the defires of the army, to difiblve the parlement, which was his great fupport ; this attachment to the Crom- wells made him fo obnoxious to the republicans, that when they had again feized the helm, it was voted that he fhould lofe his place of fecretary, which was con- ferred upon mr. Scot, who was one of king Charles I.'s judges ; but as it was foon difcovered that the little this gentle- 460 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. gentleman knew of the duties of office, were infufficient for his prefent employment (having been originally only a clerk to a brewer, and then to an attorney) they replaced Thurloe, February 27, joining, however, John Thompfon, efq. with him. At the restoration, though he had offered his fervices before it took place, to the king, he was accufed of high treafon, but foon fet at liberty ; and refided chiefly at Great- Milton, in Oxfordmire, except attending at his cham- bers in term time : he died in Lincoln's-Inn, february 2 i, 1667-8, and is buried under the chapel there : his defcendants arc llill in being : the prefent lord chan- cellor of this name is alfo the fon of a-clergyman, and of a branch of this family, as it is fuppofed. He has been accufed of adefign to involve the whole royal family in ruin at a blow ; but his having no concern in king Charles I/s death, and been repeatedly folicited by king Charles II. to undertake fome office under the government, efpecially in foreign affairs, feems to intirely wipe away the calumny : one reafon he affigned why he could not be equally ferviceable to his majefly, as he had been to Oliver was, becaufe the latter foueht out men ' for places, and not places for men ;' which Charles was, at lealt, too indolent to do : he was a great fufferer at the reftoration, the caftle of Wifbich which he had jufi built and furnifhed, returning to the fee of Ely, of which it was a part : however, he died poffeffed of the manors of Whittlefey, St. Mary's, with the advoufon of the church, and Whittlefcy St. Andrews, in the ifie of Ely, in Cambridgeshire, and an eftate at Afhwood, in the county of Bucks, worth 400-!. per ann. his life, with an engraving of him, by Vertue, is prefixed to his moit valuable Mate papers ; his life alfo is given in the biographia britan- nica : there is a fine medal of him, by Simons, in Ver- tue's engravings of that great artift. The celebrated MiJtou CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 461 Milton was under-fecretary ; and Henry Scobell, efq. was privy-feal : he was originally only a clerk in chancery ; but befides this place, he enjoyed feverai others, to a great amount, under the Cromwells ; he was included in the bill of pains and penalties at the reftoration. Privy-counfellors to his bighnefs Oliver ', lord protefter. "ITT" H E N Oliver was declared fovereign in 1653, it was ordered, by the inftrument of govern- ment, that, in the intervals of parlements, the nation mould be governed by the protector, and his privy- council, who were not to be lefs than thirteen, nor more than twenty-one : they were to be appointed by the prince, but confirmed by the parlemem : their falary was loool. per annum, the prefident in pro- portion. i. Major-general Lambert, firft prefident, was of a good family j he rofe in the parlement army to the rank of a major-general ; after the fettlement of the common- wealth he was fent into Scotland at the head of a body of horfe, where he performed many memorable actions, particularly defeating and killing the gallant fir John Brown, with 2000 of his men, and taking many prifon- ers, with all their baggage, and this with only four regi- ments of horfe and toot. He was engaged in moft of the great battles fought during the civil wars ; after the battle of Worcefter the parlement fettled icool. per ann. upon him ; his expectations became very great, and he found his pride too much hurt to go to Ireland with a lefs title than lord-deputy : he prefented the inftrument of government to the council of officers, wifhing to efta- blifh a protedtoml power, in hopes of attaining it upon the death of the elder Cromwell. Oliver, to gain his trtcem, 462 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. eftcem, gave him io,oool. in lieu of his xoool. per ann. granted by the parlement, and raifed him to many great employments ; though he propofed that the title of pro- teftor mould be changed to that of king, yet it was only to try how far Oliver's ambitious views extended ; for no fooner did he perceive his willingnefs to have the crown, than he became a malecontent, refufing to take the oath to be true and faithful to his highnefs ; which fo exafperated the protector, that he defired him to de- liver up his commiffions ; to whom he replied, * I have 1 not them with me, or I , would ;' in a few days they were fent for ; it muft have been a bitter pill, as he loft his pay as colonel of a regiment of horfe, and another of foot, as major-general of the army, and ten pounds a day as a general, befides his falary as prefi- dent of the privy-council, and lord warden of the Cinque-Ports : but to keep him from revolting, he was allowed 2000!. per ann. Upon the ruin of the Crom- wells he was reitored to all his military pofts, was of both the committees of fafety, council of ftate, and both committees for appointing officers ; he now was greater, and his expectations higher than ever ; he got an aft of indemnity pafied in the reftored long-parlement, to fe- cure his per.fions, and was in high favor by defeating the loyal fir George Booth, having zoool. granted him by the parlement for it ; but he foon loft their favor, by fetting up the army in oppofition to them, and putting a force upon the houfe : he was afting exactly the fame part under his general, Fleetvvood, as Oliver had done under Fairfax ; but as the parlement's fituation was def- perate, and flood more in fear of the king's return, than of his ambition, they continued to employ him, fend- ing him into the north to fecure Newcaftle againft Monk, where he went poft} but Monk advanced into England, and fecured the capital, which he filled with an army of veterans, culled for his purpoics j and know- ing- CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 463 ing bis abilities were equalled by bis ambition, he tbought him tbe moft dangerous perfon in the kingdom ; be tberefore procured an order for his furrendering himfelf at a day fixt, and not complying with the requifition of giving a bond of 5000!. by two friends for his due fub- miflion to the prefent government, he was treated with much difrefpedr, and fent to the Tower : Slingfby Bethell, with an intent of placing him at the head of a force againft Monk, had nearly raifed the money amongft bis friends, when, april u, 1660, he made his efcape, and collecting an army again, became fo formidable, that he was, april 21, declared a rebel, and a force immediately difpatched againft him, under the com- mand of colonel Ingoldfby, who, overtaking him at Daventry, took him prifoner with his own hand, the twenty-fecond, with fcarce any refiftance, if we except the feeble attempt he made to footh Ingoldfby, by pro- pofing to reinftate my lord Richard Cromwc II in the go- vernment, thinking he (hould fucceed, from the regard the latter had to his fallen relation 5 Ingoldfby was in- exorable, faying, he came not to negociate, but to bring him away prifoner : he again replied, * Pray, my lord, let me efcape j What good will my life, or perpetual ' imprifonment do you ?' but as no arguments could prevail ; he was re-conducted to the Tower the twenty- fourth : at the reftoraticn he was excepted out of the act of indemnity, and was tried, June 9, 1661, with fir Henry Vane, when he pleading his ignorance of fir George Booth and general Monk's intentions of reftor- ing die king, the great humility he {hewed during his trial, occafioned his condemnation to be changed to peipctual confinement, which he fuffered in the ifle of Gucrnfcy, where he remained a patient prifoner for thiitv vears ; his ambition blinded him againft his true intereft ; for had hs accepted his majt-fty's pjopofal fcnt by 464 CATALOGUE OF P E R S O N S, &c. by lord Halton juft preceding the reflection, he would have fecured a pardon, and received an ample reward : it is much to his honor that, when in Guernfey, he re- jected the great offers made him by Lewis XIV. The infamous Oates accufcd him of a plot, but with fo little an air of truth, that even the court was not hardy enough to believe, or pretend to believe it. Happily, Lambert was polite and accomplilhed j he could amufe the days of difgrace by collecting the nneft flowers that could be procured, and by fuperintending the manage- ment of them ; and of captivity in defigning and paint- ing : mrs. Lambert was an elegant and acco'mplimed woman ; fhe has been fuppofed to have been partial to Oliver the protector. Lambert's head is in the Hou- braken fet, and in Vertue's engravings of Simons's work is a medal of him. 2. Henry Lawrence, efq. the fecond prefident. 3. Edmund, earl of Mulgrave. 4. Philip, lord vifcount Lifle, afterwards earl of Leicefter. 5. Sir Charles Wolfley, bart. 6. Sir Anthony Aftiley Cooper, bart. he was trufted by, but proved faithlefs, to king Charles I. the republic, the protectors Oliver and Richard ; he was the minifter of Charles II. 's worft actions, and died in difgrace with that monarch (who had created him earl of Shaftfbury) in i682 : 3 : unfortunately he proftituted the beft abilities to the worft purpofes. His life, or rather an apology for it, is given in the peerage. 7. Sir Gilbert Pickering bart. of Nova-Scotia. 8. John Thurloe, fecretary of ftate. 9. Colonel John Delborough, brother-in-law of Oli- ver lord protector. 10. Richard Major, efq. father-in-law to Richard lord protector. n. Lieutenant CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 465 n. I ieutenant general Charles Fieetwood, fon-in- law to Oliver lord protestor. 12. Colonel William Sydenham. 13. Francis Roufe, efq. 14. Colonel Philip Jones. 15. Colonel Edward Montague (afterwards earl of Sandwich.) 1 6. Major-general Skippori. 17. Walter Strickland, efq. 1 8. Nathaniel Fiennes, efq. The hiftory of fuch of thefe whofe lives are not given here, have either appeared before in this volume, or will be given amongft the protector's lords of his other houfe. The members of the protestor Oliver's other houfe ; or houfe of lords. /~\LIVER, to try the people how far they would like to have the government center in a monarchy, and to have one order of the new conftitution that he could depend upon, had it propofed to the commons, that an houfe, to be called the Other Houfe, fhould form one of the branches of the ftate, and that it ftiould confift of at moft, but feventy members, and thofe to be nominated by the protector ; though the parlement, which con- firmed the office of protector, wifhed to have them ap- proved by themfelves ; but to this he would not con- fent. They feem to be of the fame kind of thofe greater gentry whom our ancient kings called to fit in the peers- houfe, but whofe honor did not defcend to their heirs ; of which many inftances are to be found in Dugdale's fummonfes ; and like them they had the title of lord in all commiilions, during life. H h i. The 466 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 1. The /or^/ Richard Cromwell, the eldeft fon of the 'pr tetor Oliver, and after his father's death pro- tector himfelf. 2. The lord Henry Cromwell, the other fon of the prote&or. Their lives are given in the firft volume. 3. Nathaniel Fiennes, one of the commijjioners of our great feal He was the fecond and beloved fon 'of lord Say and Sele ; he received his education at New Col- lep-e. Oxford, where his father had been fellow, from being related to the founder; he fpent fome time at Geneva, and in the cantons of Switzerland, and returned to England through Scotland, which gave him fo great a diflike to monarchy and epifcopacy, that from the mo- ment of his entering into parlement, he was known to be one of thofe called root and branch men, and inclined much to the independants ; he reprefented the town of Banbury in the fifteenth and fixteenth of king Charles I. fubfcribed the proteftation, and fwore to the covenant : many of his fpeeches were publifhed, and deferved it. He was a man of great powers in language, and next mr. Hampden, was regarded as poffeffing the confidence of the commons. In 1642, the parlement gave him a colonel's commiffion in their army, and appointed him governor of that important place, Briftol, which he fur- rendered to the royal arms, after fuftaining a fingle day's fiege. The general opinion bearing hard againft him, and comparifons greatly to his disfavor being made be- tween him and the gallant governor of Gloucefter, he re- quefted and obtained permiflion to be tried by a court martial ; which, to his great furprize, condemned him to lofe his head : the only witnefles againft him were the celebrated mr. Clem. Walker, and mr. Prynne. This fentence, though judged an aft of feverity, ftruck vaft terror into all whom the parlement trufted, as no one , had greater intereft with his party than his father and him- * felf; CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 567 felf ; his friends with difficulty obtained his pardon undtr the hand and feal or the general ; and knowing the popular odium againft him, h~ prudently withdrew from the king- dom; but returning, he regained the confidence of both parlement and army. The king had fo great a diflike to him, that he was one of the few excepted out of the ge- neral pardon ; but th's did not intimidate him. for he ftill continued to draw up declarations againft his majefty. He reprefented the county of Oxford in Oliver's parle- ment, held in i654,theuniveriity of Oxford in 1656, and Banbury, inRicrurd's parlement, called in 1658-9. Dur- ing thefe fovcreigns government, he was highly valued and trufted : he wus lord-keeper to both of them. In his fpcvch after Richard had opened the parlement, he laid, ' what thall a man fay after a king !' and then re- commendtd a war with Spain, and afiiftance to be given the king of Sweden in the Sound. Upon the abdication of the laft pr^teftor (to whom he had been fworn a privy counfcllor) he was chofen one of the council of ftate, and was, I think, in the convention-parlement that reftored king Charles II. Soon after he retired to the country, and died at Newton-Toney, near Salifbury, december 1 6, 1 669, much neglected, and in great obfcu- rity. He married Elizabeth, daughter of fir John Eliot, of Port-Eliot, in the county of Cornwall, knt. by whom he had William, his only fon and heir, who, by the death of James vifcount Say and Sele, his firft-coufin, fuccecded to th,at title. 4. John Lifle, one of our commijjioners of our great feal. He was the fon of fir William Liile, of the ifle of Wight, knt. who died during the treaty of the ifle of Wight, and left this his fon, a fuir eftate : he was bred to the law, chofen a member for Winchefter 15 and 16 Charles I. and took, the covenant in 1643, became a colonel in the army, a commifiioner of the new great feal, and was an H h 2 affiftant 4 8 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, Sec. affiftant to Bradfhaw, the prefident of the high-court of juftice that tried the king, fitting clofe to, and conftantly attending the prefident during the whole time. He was chofen one of the council of ftate in the years 1649, and 1650 ; and the parlement for his fervices gave him, the mafterfhip of St. Crofles, an ecclefiaftical preferment, worth 8ool. per annum, and for whofe fake a reverend doc~lor was deprived. He was one of the council of ftate in 1653, and though partial to a commonwealth, accepted many places under the Cromwells ; particularly that of keeper of the great-feal, which Whitlock in- forms us, from his want of experience, he was ill able to execute: he was recorder of the town of Southampton, which place he reprefented in Oliver's parlements, called in 1654, and 1656 : he was alfo appointed a governor for fchools and alms-houfes j but what was much to his difgrace, Oliver made him the tool of his feverity. He was prefident of his high courts of juftice, in which were condemned, the unfortunate colonel Gerard, mr. Vowel, fir Henry Slingfby, and dr. Hewel. He fat in the reftored parlement, but finding the confufions muft end in the reftoration of royalty, he prudently retired to the continent. The parlement profcribed him, and con- fifcated his eftates. He was, perhaps, as prefident of the high court of juftice, the moft unpopular character in the kingdom, for it was debated in parlement to condemn every perfon who had ever fat in any high court of juftice. He was (hot to death as he ,was going to church at Laufanne, by the procurement of fome of the royal family (probably the queen-mother). He has the cha- racler of a clouded fevere republican. His widow, the lady Alicia Lifle, was ftill more unfortunate ; fhe was tried in 1685, by that difgrace to human nature, judge Jefferies, for concealing a mr. Hicks, a diflenting minif-, ter, and mr. Nelthorpe, who attended the duke of Monmouth, CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 469 Monmouth, when he made his ridiculous expedition into England : the jury thrice returned not guilty, but Jefferies was determined the widow of mr. Lifle, one of the king's judges, mould not go into her grave in peace ; therefore, by threats, he obliged the jury to find her guilty. She was fentenced to be hanged, but in refpe& of her gentility, me was beheaded at Winchefter, uni- verfally pitied. At the revolution, the fentence was re- verfed. The fpeech me delivered upon the fcaffbld, is deferving attention*. William Lifle, efq. was one of the committee for the fale of the eftates of the royalifts, in 1651. 5. Henry Lawrence, prefident of our council, was one of the council of ftate, to govern the kingdom from the time Oliver diflblved the long-parlement till the other was called, which met in 1653, in which he reprefented the county of Hereford, and in the parlement held in the following year, he was returned by the county of Carnarvon. * The lajl Speech of the Lady Alicia Lijle. Gentlemen, Friends, and Neighbours, it may be expedled that I mould fay fomething at my death, and in order thereunto I fhall acquaint you, that my birth and education was both near this place, and that my parents inltrudled me in the fear of God, and I now dye of the reformed proteftant religion ; that if ever popery mould return into this nation, it would be a very great and feverc judgment, that I dye in expectation of the pardon of all my fins, and of accept- ance with God the Father, by the imputed righteoufnefs of Jefus Chrift, he being the end of the law for righteoufnefs to every one that believes ; I thank God through Jefiis Chrill, that I do depart under the blood of fprinkling, which fpeaketh better things than that of Abel ; God having made this chaftifement an ordinance to myfoul. I did once as little expedl to come to this place on this occafion as any perfon in this place or nation ; therefore let all learn not to be high minded, but fear. The Lord is a foveraign, and will take what way he fees beft to gloririe himfelf in, and by his poor creatures ; and I do humbly defire to fubmit to his will, praying to him, That I may poflefa my foul in patience. The crime that was laid to my charge, was for entertaining a non- conformift minifler and others in my houfe ; the faid minifter being fworn to have been in the late duke of Monmouth's army ; but 1 have been told, that if I had denied them, it would not at all have effected me ; I have no excufe, but furprize and fear, which I believe my jury muft make ufe of to excufe their verdiifl to the world. I have been alfo told, that the court did ufe to be of counfel for the priloner; but inftead of advice, I had evidence againlt me frm thenoe ; which though it were only by hear-fay, might pofiiMy alledl my jury ; my defence being but fuch, as might be expected from a weak woman; hut H h 3 fuch 470 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 6. Charles Fleetwood, lieutenant of oi CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 473 11. Thomas, lord vifcount Fauconberg fon-in-law to Oliver the protedor, and created by king Wil- liam III. an earl. His hiftory has already been given. 12. Charles, lord vifcount Howard. This was only a title of the protestor's conferring ; he was the fecond, but eldeft furviving fen of fir William Howard, knt. (defcendcd from Thomas, the fecond duke of Nor- folk) and Mary, eldeft daughter of William lord Eure : he contributed to raife Oliver to the protectorate (to whom he was captain of his guards) and was the laft friend of the protector Richard, and would willingly have ventured his life to fupport his tottering great- nefs ; at that time he was a colonel in the army. Find- ing the protectorate intereft deftroyed, he aimed at the reftoration of the banimed king to avoid being looked upon with an excefs of fufpicion by the repub- licans ; the great fervice he rendered his majefty at that important feafon, together with his engaging de- portment and fine understanding, with the greatnefs and antiquity of his family, procured him many and deferved honors. In 1660 he was taken from the houfe of commons to that of the peers, where he fat by the titles of baron Dacres of Gillefland, vifcount Howard of Morpeth, and earl of the city of Carlifle ; he was fent ambaflador to Ruma, Denmark, and Swe- den, and was inftalled by proxy at Windfor for his ma- jefty of Sweden ; he was lord-lieutenant of Cumber- land and Weftmoreland, vice-admiral of the coafts of Northumberland and Cumberland, biihopric of Dur- ham, town and county of Newcaftle, and ihe maritime parts adjacent, and refided fome years at Jamaica, where he was governor: he died ftbruary 26, 1686, aged 56. Philip Howard, efq. his lordfhip's uncle, was (lain in the royal army, at Rowton-Heath, but mod of his relations and connexions were againft his ma- jcfty. 474 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. jefty. Thomas lord vifcount Fairfax, was alfo his undc. The prefent earl of Carlifle, lately lord lieutenant of Ireland, is his defcendant. 13. Philip lord Warton was fon of fir Thomas Warton, knt. by Philadelphia, daughter of Robert duke of Monmouth, and grandfon of Philip lord Warton. He married thrice : to Elizabeth, daughter of fir Rowland Wandsford, knt. attorney of the court of wards; Jane, daughter and heir of Arthur Goodwyn, of Upper- Winchindon, Buckinghamfhire, efq. and Ann, daughter of William Car, efq. groom of the bedchamber to king James I. Probably this alliance with the Goodwyns, brought him into the favor of the protector, as that fa- mily was very ancient and refpectable, as well as rich, nearly allied to the Hampdens and Fleetwoods, and con- ftantly entertained the fame fentiments againft the Stuarts as they did. By his firft marriage, his lordfhip had Elizabeth, married to Robert earl of Lindfey, great- chamberlain of England ; by the fecond, Thomas, his fucceffor, and Goodwyn, commiffioner of the admiralty, temp. William III. and by the third, Mary, married to Major Dunch, efq. nephew to the protector Richard j , to "William Thomas, efq. fon of Edmund Thomas, of Glamorganshire, efq. and Philadelphia, to fir George Lockhart, of Carnwarth, in Scotland, knt. (who had been advocate to the protectors, in Scotland," and was a rehtion to the ambaflador Lockhart) and afterwards to to John Ramfay, fon of the bifhop of RoflV. Thomas lord Warton, joined king William, who made him comptroller of the houfhold ; 'and queen Ann created him earl Warton, and appointed him lord lieutenant of Ireland j he was faiher of the elegant, witty, and whim- fical marquis and duke of Warton, created alfo by the fon of king James II. duke of Northumberland, and who died miferably, in Spain, may ,31, 1729. 14. John CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 475 14. John Cleypole. majler of our horfe fon-in-law to the protestor O/iver. His hiflory has already been given. 15. John Defborouo h, one of the generals of our fleet - brother-in-law to Oliver lord prote&or. His life has been given in this volume. 16. Edward Montague, one of the generals of 'our fleet ', and a lord commijfiontr of our treajury. He was fon of iir Sidney Montague, knt. the brother of Edward, firil lord Montague, of Broughton. Sir Sidney was for- ward to feek redrefs of grievances againft king Charles I.'s arbitrary meafures, and miniftersj but becaufe he de- clared againft taking the oath to live and die with the earl of EiTcx, the parlement-general, he was expelled the lioufc of commons. It is obfervable, that he purchafed Hinchinbrooke-houfe of fir Oliver Cromwell, knt. uncle to the protestor of the fame name, the ancient feat of the Cromwells. By Paulina, the third daughter of John Pepys, of Cottenham, in Cambridgeshire, efq. he had his fecond but only furvivingfon and heir. This Ed- ward, who, when little more than eighteen years old, by virtue of a commiflion, raifed one thoufand men in Cam- bridge/hire and the ifleofEly, with which he diftin- guiihed himfelf in the moft important fieges during the civil wars, and in feveral battles. Cromwcil, who fo well knew the ftrength of every one's abilities, employed him much: he was fworn, december 16. 1653, one of his privy-council, then only in the twenty-ninth year of his age. Upon the ruin of the Cromwell family, he went over with the fleet to king Charles II. for which moft important fervice, he was created knight of the garter, and baron Montague, of St. Neots, vifcount Hinchin- brooke. both in Huntingdonfhire. and earl of Sandwich, in Kent ; fworn of the privy-council, made mafter of the king's great wardrobe, admiral of the narrow feas, lieuten- ant-admiral to his royal highnefs the duke of Yorke ; afiifted at 476 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, ic. at the cornonadon of king Charles II. conveyed his queen to England ; and after many gallant actions, as admiral of our fleet, was blown up in his (hip in an engagement with the dutch, may 28, 1672. His body, was with every mark of refpe&, brought home, and buried with vaft funeral pomp in Weftminfter-abbey, watered with the tears of three nations, who mourned his lofs. The duke of York was fuppofed to have ill Supported him in the day of battle. Bifhop Parker, with juftice fays, * he * was a gentleman adorned with all the virtues of Alci- ' biades, and untainted by any of his vices, of high birth, * capable of any bufmefs, full of wifdom, a great com- * mander at fea and land, and alfo learned and eloquent ; * affable, liberal, and magnificent.' By his countefs, Ja- mima, daughter of John lord Crew, a lord of Oliver's : he is anceftor of the prefent noble lord, late at the head of the admiralty. Sir Gilbert Pickering, bart. of Nova- Scotia, another of Oliver's lords, was brother-in-law to the firft earl. 17. Sir Bulftrode Whitlcck, one of the lords of our treafury was the fon of judge Whitlock, who died in augurfc 1632 ; of whom his fon fays, he was ' not only ' excellent in what related to his own profeffion, but alfo in many others. By whofe deceafe the king loft as * good a fubjet, his country as good a patriot, and the * people as juft a judge as ever lived.' Bulftrode was a member of the long-parlement for Marlow, where his abilities were early noticed ; he was one of thofe who vir- tuoufly voted on which fide fo ever he thought right. He figned the proteftation, and took the covenant, was one of the aflembly of divines, one of the parlement com- miflioners at the treaties of Oxford and Uxbridge ; he he was alfo in. the committee of ftate, and the fecond committee of fafety in 1647 though an enemy to the king's arbitrary principles, yet not a decided one to his per fon, CATALOGUE OF P E R S O N S, &c. 477 perfon, and was very averfe to have him tried as a cri- minal. But when he was removed, he feemed to change his principles ever after, profefling an attach- ment to a republic, under which form of government he was one of the council of ftate in 1649 an< ^ I ^5 and one of the lords of the great-feal, and fent am- bafTador to Sweden ; which appointment Oliver pro- cured him after he difcovered that he was more in- clined to a republic than a monarchy ; but upon his exalting himfelf to the protectorate, he continued him, a commiflioner of the great-feal, till he objected to fome regulations Oliver chofe neceffary. He was returned a member for the town of Bedford, the county of Buck- ingham, and the city of Oxford, in 1654, an( ^ f r l ' ie county of Buckingham in 1656*; and the year follow- ing made a lord of the other houfe. The protector Richard appointed him again one of the lords com- miflioners of the great-feal, to whom he was very faith- ful, giving him what he judged the befl advice ; but it is probable he was not uneafy to fee the revival of a republic. In 1 659, he was one of the council of (late, and of the army committee of fafety. Before the refto- ration he concealed himfelf for fear of fome of his own party ; he faw the return of monarchy, and offered to wait upon his majefty, if Fleetwood would have fent him. Upon Charles's arrival, he retired into the coun- try, and fpent the remainder of his life in the greateit privacy, incumbcred with a great family of children. He was a confiderable fufferer by the reftoration, hav- ing received from the republic 1500!. per annum, with the manor of Greenwich, together with 200!. out of mr. Minn's create. Oldmixon has written his life by * In Willis's not. parlementaria, Whitlock is called Bulftrode lord Whit- lock ; but this is from taking the name as it ftood in fome printed lifts of the houfe of commons, as at that time he had no title. way 4?3 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, & c . way of comparifon with lord Clarendon. He himfclf has left us a memorial of the englifh affairs from the latter part of the reign of king Charles I. until the re- ftoration, and an hiflory of his embafly to Sweden. He was as much below lord Clarendon in his ftile of writing, as that nobleman was bentath him in truih and candor. Whitlock was as amiable in private life as he was juft and faithful in his public one. 18. Sir Charles Wolfley, barr. was the eldeft (on of fir Robert (created a baronet 4 Cha. I.) by Marv, fe- cond daughter of fir George Wroughtun, of Wilcot, in Wilts, knt. Sir Charles fucc^eded his father feptern- ber 21, 1646, in the title of baronet. He was one oi the council of ftate in 1653, anc ^ c o nuant ly mewed . his attachment to the protector Oliver ; was one of the county members for Stafford in .the parlements called by him in 1654 an< ^ J 656, and was inftrumental in diflblving the former of them, by going early to the houfe, and with Sydenham, exclaimed againft that meeting, as endeavouring to injure the army, by not giving them fuitable and timely pay, by their propof- ing, that the general officers mould ferve one year without any pay, and by accufing them of intending to deftroy the clergy (by taking away patronage) to- gether with the laws and the property of the fubjecl:. Oliver was fo well pleafed with this eflential fervice, that he raifed him to the dignity of a lord of his other houfe, and named him one of his privy-council. Rich- ard the protector continued him in the fame office : he much encreafed his paternal eftate, which was originally very confiderable. During the protectorates he had great intereft in his own county, which he continued to enjoy after the reftoration, ferving in feveral parlements fubfequent to that event. He lived long after the re- volution, dying October 9, 1714, in the eighty-fifth year CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 479 year of bis age, and was buried in Colwick church, in Stafirbrdfhire. By Ann, the youngcft daughter of Wil- liam lord vifcount Say and Sele, Ire had many chil- dren. Sir William, his fourth fon, fucceeded him. Theprefent baronet isdefcended from the lordWolfley. 19. Walter Strickland, efq. a relation, probably, of the baronet of that funame ; he was a member of the long-parlement for Minehead, though not at the time that they firft affcmbled ; the two houfes of parlemerit fent him their agent to Holland, with a falary of 5000!. per annum, though it was generally fuppofed he re- fided there only as a private individual, having mar- ried a dutch lady, but of englifli extraction. After the king's death he ftill enjoyed the public confidence. In 1650, he was one of the council of ftate, and again fent to Holland, with the lord-chief-] uflice St. John, as ambaiTadors. He was of the council of ftate in 1653, when the long.parlement was diffolved, and returned one of the members for the county of York, in the parlement held the fame year. The protector Oliver appointed him one of his honorable privy-council, and captain of the halberdeers, who were his body guards. He was one of the reprefentatives for theEa/t- Riding of YorkQiire, in 1654, and for Newcaflle-upon- Tyne in 1656. The protedor Richard continued him in all the places he held under his father, but he un- gratefully deferted him, though he was one of thofe who had figned the order for proclaiming him pro- teclor. He was a member of both the committees of fafety in 1659. ^ l * s unknown what became of him after the reftoration. Lord Clarendon calls him an ob- fcure gentleman : he was certainly not a great man. He had little fliare in the honor of the treaties concluded with the dutch, his partner in the embafTy having fo many advantages over him, both in underftanding and 4 8o CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, & c . and a knowledge in bufinefs : he was abfurd enough to value the government of the army to any other. 20. Philip Skippon, efq. It is pretended that he was once a waggoner to fir Francis Vere, which is im- probable ; it is not unlikely that he was of mean de- fcent; it is certain that he was a foldier of fortune under the parlement banners ; but his merit foon raifed him to great eminence. He was appointed prefident of the council of war, under the general, the earl of Ef- fex ; his .military knowledge and courage are univerfally allowed; though, in 1644, he was furprized, and obliged to leave behind him his arms and cannon j but this was a trifling matter, compared to the great advantages which he gained to the parlement, particularly in the battle of Nafeby, in which he was wounded, valiantly fighting with Fairfax, in the main body of the army ; at this time he was a major-general of foot, having been raifed to that poft, when Fairfax was declared general ; he afterwards was made ferjeant-major-general. commif- fioner for martial law, major-general of the London mili- tia, and within the lines of communication, with a fala- ry of 60 ol. per annum ; he was alfo appointed governor of Briftol : and the parlement was fo confcious of his worth, and the love that the common foldiers* had for him, that they reftored him to all his offices, when the felf-denying ordinances pafled, at which time he was member for Barnftaple. The parlement entrufted him with the money which they gave to. the fcotch commif- fioners as a bribe for delivering up the king. For his faithfulnefs to the parlement, they, in 1 645, agreed that he fhould have roool. per annum, fhould a peace with his majefty be concluded ; and as that did not take effect, * Skippon was very popular in London, and won the hearts of his foldiers by fuch fpeeches as th'efe, Come my boys, my brave boys ! I will run the 4 fame hazards with you ; remember the caufe is for God : come my honed brave boys ! let us pray heartily, and fight heartily, and Cod will blefs us." they CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 481 they themfelves, after the king's death, voted him that finn, though he refufed to fit as one of the commiflion- ers to try that prince : but it being forgot, Ludlow re- minded them, and zoool. per annum was ordered to be paid yearly out of the receipts at Guildhall, till forfeited lands could be fettled upon him to that amount: probably Bleekley, in Bucks, a manor of the duke of Buckingham, was given him in lieu or in part of it, as he was in pofTeffion of it at the reftoration. He ferved in the pirlements, held in 1654 an d J 6j6, for KingVLynn ; and was appointed by Oliver the protector, one of his major-generals, one of his privy- council, and ferved the protestor Richard in the latter capacity ; but proved unfaithful to him, revolting to the reflored long-parlement. There was a Phil. Skip- pon, efq. who travelled with mr. Ray : he probably was fon of lord Skippon. He pub limed his travels : the work is pretty voluminous. A paffage in it is flrik- ing ; he fays, that the principal perfon in Switzerland conftantly took off his hat, whenever the protector Oliver's name was mentioned, holding his memory in the greateft veneration, as the patron and proteftor of the reformed religion. 21. Francis Roufe, efq. defcended of an ancient family in Devonfhire, being ihe younger fon of fir An- thony Roufe, knt. by Elizabeth, his hrft wife, daughter of Thomas Southcote, gent. Wood fays, he was born at Halton, in Cornwall. At thirteen years of age he became a commoner of Broadgate-hall. In 1591 he took the degree of batchelor of arts. He ftudied the law ; but fome fuppofe that he entered into holy or- ders, and that he preached at Saltaili ; which is not unlikely, and that he might take off the gown from his diflike to the national c.'aircb. In the firft parlement called by king Charles I. he was returned for Truro, Vol. II. I i itt 482 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. in Cornwall, as he was for Trcgony in the third, and for Truro again in the fifteenth and fixteentb of that reign ; in all which parlements he diftinguifhed him- felf againft the eftabliflied church, and the encroach- ments of the prerogative. In the parlement called in 165 3, he was one of the reprefentatives for Devon, and at that time was firft chofen chairman, and then fpeaker for a month ; but continued, during the whole fitting, to effect what Oliver had planned. He procured a vote, that he, Lambert, Harrifon, Deiborough, and Tomlinfon, mould fit in that houfe as members ; and afterwards propofed, that the parlement fhould refign the government into the hands of Oliver, with the title of protector. In gratitude for this, he was declared one of his highnefs's privy-council. In 1656, he was returned one of the county members for Cornwall; and in the year following, feated in the other houfe, and was made provoft of Eaton, and had a college leafe, which together was worth 1200!. per annum ; but he enjoyed this but a fhort time, dying at Aclon, near London, January 7, 1658-9, and buried in Eaton col- lege, the twenty-fourth following. Mr. Oxenbridge preached a funeral oration. Over his grave were creeled a ftandard pennon, with other things relating to a baron ; but, in 1661, they were taken away. He was the author of Mella Patrum, and other books : his conteropories of his own principles, gave him the cha- racter of a good latin and greek fchoiar ; but if lord Clarendon is to be credited, he had no depth of un- derftanding: it is certain, that his fpeeches in parle- ment, were mere pompous rapfody, very much border- ing upon nonfenfe ; but as they were generally levelled againft armenianifm, were well received. His being head tryer and approver of public preachers, and commiffioner for the ejectment of fcandulous and ig- % norant CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 483 norant minifters, made him a very unpopular man amongft the orthodox and loyal, who generally called him the illiterate jew of Eaton and Proteus. Francis, his Ton, was a learned phyfician, who died in London, in 1643, at a very premature age. Anthony, John, and Robert Roufe, efquires, were members of parlement in the reign of king Charles I. or in the protectorate of Oli- ver or Richard; probably they were fons of his. I have a very fine head, quarto Cze, of lord Roufe, by Faithorne. 22. John Jones, efq. brother-in-law to the protector Oliver. His life has been already given. 23. George lord Eivres^ or Eures, an ancient crea- tion ; he was feated in Yorkfhire, and was fon and heir of William lord Eure, created a knight of the bath in 1603. Lord George's having a confined fortune, occa- fioned, it is fuppofed, his efpoufmg that fide which was evidently the moft powerful j and though a peer of the realm, he did not think it beneath him, to fit in the houfe of commons, as a member for Yorkfliire, in the parle- ments called by Oliver in 1653, and for the north rid- ing of that county, in 1654, and 1656. His highnefs, therefore, could not do lefs than place him in his houfe of lords ; he long furvived the reftoration, and fat in a more auguft affembly. He died a batchelor in 1672; and was fucceeded by his brother Ralph, lord Eure, who joined with the duke of Monmouth, and others, in peti- tioning his majefty againft the roman-catholics, in 1 680- 1 ; and, I think, was one of thofc who had the courage to prefent James duke of York, as a popifh re- cufant; by his death, without iiiue, in 1690, the title became extinct. Another of the brothers, was Ifaac Eure, efq. who was colonel in the parlement army, and was fent to conduct the king from the ifle of Wight to Hurft-caftle ; named one of the commiflioners to fit in judgment upon his fovereign, which he did, I i 2 and 484 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. and figned the warrant for his execution ; was one of thofe who were fent, in 1649 to Ireland. Happily for himfelf, he died before the reftoration, but at that time his eftates were confifcated. Colonel Eure, a near re- lation to thefe brothers, was flain in the royal fervice. 24. Edmund Thomas, efq. was a gentleman well defcended, and poflefled a good eftate from his anceftors. 25. Sir William Strickland, bart. .was of an an- cient family, formerly fettled in Weftmorcland, but lat- terly in Yorkshire; he was the fon of Walter Strick- land, efq. and was himfelf, by king Charles I. July 30, 1641, created a baronet j he was member of the long- parlement for Heydon, in the county of York, and took the proteftation j he was alfo a member for the eaft riding of Yorkftiire, in 1654, and 1656. His compli- ances to the protector in thefe his parlements, pro- cured him the title of lord, as a member of this houfe. He died about the year 1671. By Margaret, his firft wife, the daughter of fir Rowland Cholmonde- ley, of Whitby, in Yorkfliire, he had four daughters j Frances, the eldeft was married to Barrington Bour- chier, of Benningborough, in the county of York, efq. By his fecond, the lady Frances Finch, eldeft daughter of Thomas earl of Winchelfea, he had only fir Thomas, his fucceflbr, anceftor of the prefent baro- net. Sin.Thomas was member for Heydon and Bever- ley, in Yoik(hire, in the protcclor Richard's parlement in 1658-9. 26. JohnFiennes, efq. third fon of William vifcount Say and Sele, and brother of Nathaniel Fiennes, both members of this other houfe. He fat in the long-parle- ment for Morpeth, in the county of Northumberland, but was not returned fo early as 1640. By Sufanna, daughter and fole heir of Thomas Hobbs, of Annfell, Herts, efq. he had fix fons and four daughters. Law- rence, the fifth fon, fucceeded to the title upon lord vifcouut CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, Sec. 485 vifcount Nathaniel's death ; but leaving no ifTue, the title devolved to the defcendant of Richard Fisnnes, efq. fourth fon of lord vifcount William, the father of this John. 27. Sir Francis Ruflell, bart. a near relation of the protector's by marriage. His life has been given in this volume. 28. Philip lord vifcount LiJJeeldefr fon of Robert, Sydney, earl of Leicefter, knight of the bath, and lord- lieutenant (after the earl of Strafford) of Ireland, and of Dorothy, eldeft daughter of Hugh Pieicy, earl' of Northumberland, the parlement admiral. The earl of Leicefter poflefTed extraordinary qualifications, both of mind and body : he died at Penhurft, november 2, 1677, aged almoft 82. The Sydneys were a race of great llatcfmen, flu If u I ambafladors, and gallant com- manders. Philip vifcount Lifle inherited the abilities of his anceflors, and had the advantage of earjy un- derftanding public bufinefs ; attending, when young, the earl his father, in his embafTage to Denmark, the dates of Germany, and to France. He was returned a member of the long-parlemcnt, for the town of Yar- mouth : figned the protcftation, and took the cove- nant. In 1644, he was appointed one of the committee for martial law, became a colonel in the parlement army, and dillinguimed himfdf by his gallantry: fixed upon to go to Ireland, in 1646, v\ith an army of 8000 men ; but no fconer had he fet out., than he returned and declined the fervice. He was named one of the commimoners to try the king, but declined fitting. The parlement fent him lord-lieutenant to Ireland, to aft agajnft the earl of Incheqm'n j but his commiflioa expiring, he foon returned, By his recommendation Monk was fet at liberty, and fent to the army in Ire- land. He was one of the members for Kent in the parlement affcmblcd in 1653, which gave Oliver the I i 3 protectorate ; 486 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS,&c. protectorate ; fworn of the privy-council tt> both Oli- ver and Richard, and figned the order for proclaiming the latter. He furvived to fee both the refioration and revolution, dying march 6 T 1697-8, having ' lived in * great honor and efteem to a good old age.' By Ca- therine. daughter of William Cecil, earl of Salifbnry, he had Robert, his fucceflbr, and Dorothy, married to Thomas Cheek, fecond fon of fir Thomas Cheek, of Pergo, in Eflex. kn:. The tide of earl of Leicefterin this family has long been extind. It mufi not be forgotten, that the celebrated AJgemoon Sydney, efq. ambaflador from the parlement in 1660, and the great republican patriot, who. under he fan&iOn of law, was murdered in the reign of king Charles II. and Henry, created earl of Romney by king William, were the brothers of this Philip vifcount Lifle afterwards earl of Leicefter. 29. Sir Thomas Honey wood, knl. was the fon of Robert Honey wood, of Charing and MarkfcalL efq. by his fecond wife, Elizabeth, dar.ghter oi fir Thomas Browne, of Canterbury, knt. The Honeywoods arc one of the moft ancient and moft numerous families in Eflex*. Sir Thomas was one of the committee for that county in 1648 ; commanded at the fiege of Colchefler j named in the commtflion to try the king, but did not fit ; colonel of his county men at the battle of Wor- cefler, and one of thofe conquerors to whom the uni- verfity of Oxford honored with the degree of doctor of civil law, upon feptember 9 following. In 1654 and 1656, he was a member of parlemeot for Efiex : in the year following Oliver placed him amongft his lords. Joining with the republicans in 1659, ^ e was a ppointed one of the plenipotentiaries to the Sound. He died, May, thedaifhterairi co-heir of Robert Wattn, of Lecfaan, ra Koo. c%. the graadaodw of fir Thomas Haacrmod, at ber death may CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 487. may 26. 1666, in his Both year, at the houfc of his fon-in-law, fir Robert Cottoij, in London, knt. (where the unhappy Charles I. was kept during his trial). Sir Thomas married Hefter, daughter and heirefs of John le Mott, of London, efq. who died o&ober 19, 1681, aged 74. k She was one of ihe moft remaikable per- ' fons of her time for wifdono, piety, and charity/ Their fon and heir was Thomas Honeywood, efq. who dying without iffue, november 24, 1672, left his eftate to John le Mott, efq. who alfb dying in 1693, without leaving any child, left great part of the Honeywood eflates to Robert Honeywood, efq. Sir Robert Honey- wood, knt. fon of another knight of both his names, the eldeft brother of fir Thomas, Oliver's lord, was one of the council of Rate, and one of the plenipotentiaries at Holland, during the ufurpation. In 1666, a pro- clamatio.n was fet forth, commanding his return. He married Frances, daughter of Henry Fane, efq. and by her was grandfather both of Robert Honeywood, of Markemali, efq. member for Eflex in the reign of king George I. and who became heir to the eliates that Oli- ver's lord enjoyed, and of Philip Honeywood, lieu- tenant-general and colonel of a regiment of dragoons. Many of the Honeywoods were eminently loyal. Ed- ward Honeywood, of Evington, in Eflex, was, on that account, created a baronet by king Charles II. in 1660. The well-known fir Henry Vane was brother-in-law to Oliver's lord Honeywood. Sir Henry was beheaded by king Charles II. who raifcd his fon to the peerage*. * When one of the Honeywoods piefeated a petition from Eflex to king Charles II. praying that the pariemect might not be dhTotaed, his mje% U:d, that he was extremely fuiprifed to lee them meddle with matters thario confidently concerned the crown and him, acd that againil the rc*l a^; . men in the county ; that he believed that lorae that had ngncd the petition might mean well, but that they h_,i bttn abuled by thole that did n. : . be -uuu mnuiUtMg to call to mad things faffed, vet be cumld n-t b*t remem- ber the aB of A//v, tbmgb x* ttfemc did ; tbot tbofc who bmdjhod in need eft kit *B tootU do well not to takefxtb courfct et might r.ted xx- etbcr, became governor of Dublin ; was of the council of ftate ; and was one of the fix members for Ireland iu the parlement called in that year, and in 1653 : reprefemed the county of Dublin in 1654, an ^ Guildford in 1656. Oliver, to Jtill further bind him to bis intereft, knighted him, and called him up to his other houfe. He was one of the fecond, or army committee, at V/allingford-hoafe, and took every method he could to prevent the capital from CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 507 from returning to their allegiance, marching for that purpofe into the city with an armed force ; but not being able to efFeft his purpofe, he abandoned his pro- ject, retired from the kingdom, and died at Amfter- dam in 1662. . " oo. James Berry, efq. was a woodmonger in Lon- don ; but declining trade upon the breaking-out of the civil war. entered into the army, where he role to the rank of colonel. During the republic he ferved under Cromwell, in Scotland ; and when Oliver took the protectorate, he was raifed to the rank of a major- general. He reprefented the counties of Hereford and Worcefter in 1656, and the following year was removed to the upper houfe. After the refignation of the pro- tedor Richard (which he feems much pleafed with) he was appointed in both the committees of fafety, and both the councils of ftate, and was alfo in both the committees of officers : but the army intcreft declining he was deprived of his regiment, and ordered by the parlement to retire from London to fuch of his feats as was the greateft diftance from that city. How he fpent the remainder of his life is unknown. Query, Was he any relation to }ohn Berry, that was admiral in the reigns cf king William and queen Mary ? 51. William Goffc, efq. was fon of Stephen Goffe, a puritanical divine, rector of Sianmer, in Suflex. He was put apprentice to one Vaughan, a dry-falter, in London, a great partizan of the parlement, and a zeal- ous prefbyterian. Difliking trade, he abruptly quitted his irufter's fervice, and repaired to the parlement army, where his merit raifed him to be a quarter-mafter, and in the end a colonel of foot. He v.as one of thofe who took up the accufation againlt the eleven members, and who fentenced the king, and figned the fatal war- rant. In 1651, he went with Cromwell into Scotland. He 508 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. He rendered the proteflor Oliver great fervice, in affifting colonel White, in drivirrg out the prefbyte- rians from the parlement houfe ; for tliis, and his other fervices, he received Lambert's poft of major-general of foot. He was returned for Great-Yarmouth in ihe parlement called in 1654, and the county of South- ampton in 1656 ; and laflly, made a lord of this houfe. He was grateful to. the Cromwell interefl, figning the order for the protector Richard's being proclaimed. This attachment made him regarded by the parlement as well as the army, with jealoufy ; and Monk, who knew for his own fafety, he was an enemy to the king's return, refufed to admit him to treat wuh him, though fent by the englifh army. At the rcftoration, he left the kingdom, was at Lucern, in Switzerland, in 1664. Jt is not known what became of him after, except that he travelled privately about upon the continent, always fearing a violent death from the royal party,- or that the government mould get hold of him. It is obfervable, that his brother John was a clergyman of the efta- blifhed church, and his brother Stephen an agent for king Charbs II. in France, Flanders, and Holland ; turned roman catholic, and became a prieft among the oratorians, in Paris, and afterwards a chaplain to queen Henrietta-Maria. 52. George Monke, commander in chief of our forces in Scotland, was a gentleman by birth. He was at firft a royalift, but happening to fall a prifoner to the parlemen- tarians, they, by feverity, converted him to their fenti- ments j he was an able officer, and as fuch, rofe in their army. The elder protedtor truftcd him much, though he fufpedled him of being inclined to the intereft of Charles Stuart j but he was a good fubjeft to both Oliver and Richard : after the ruin of the latter, he was at a lofs which fide to declare for, and had thoughts of feating himfelf CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 509 himfelf in the protectorate, as France offered to fupport him ; but he was ordered to efpoufe the royal intereir. by his wife, who had been his miftrefs, and the daughter of a blackfmith,and to whom he bore an implicit obedience: therefore, at the expence of a thoufand perjuries, he was the main inftrument in feating Charles upon the throne of his anceftors ; at leaft, in preventing his return with- out any conditions ; a great misfortune both to the royal family, as well as the kingdoms. He was rewarded with the title of duke of Albemarle, honored with the garter, and as many other titles and places as he would accept. The dukedom became extindl in his fon. He himfelf died January 4, 1669-70, and was buried in Weftminfter- abbey, at the public expence, and almoft in regal ftyle. His Duchefs died January 33, a few days after him. She retained that vulgarity when duchefs, which (he had early imbibed ; fhe was a moft turbulent woman, and Monk was more fearful of her than of an army. It is faid, (he even would give him manual correction. The duke was aukward and ftupid in a drawing room, and refpectable only in the camp. 53. Sir William Lockhart, nephew by marriage to the protestor Oliver. His life has been given in this volume. 54. David earl of Cafiils, in Scotland, was one of the ruling elders, and one of the fcotch army. 55. Archibald Johnfton, of Warefton, of which he was laird. He declared againft king Charles I. and was one of the greateft enemies to that fovereign, as he him- felf declared, having * connived the fowing the feeds of * difcontent in the royal army fent into Scotland, which * was the ruin of the family of Stuart.' He was one of the commifiioners at the treaty of Oxbridge in 1651 j he joined the englim parlement againft Charles II. when he went into Scotland, and was in vain fummoned by the 5io CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, & c . the commifiioners of the affembly, to join them, and leave the parlement intereft. The protestor Oliver knighted him, and gave him a place in his other houfe, as one of the four reprefentaiives of Scotland. He was one of the committee of fafety in 1 659. Upon the rcfto - ration he went to the continent, but was delivered up to offended majefty, who fent him into Scotland, where the parlement fentenced him to be executed at Edin- burgh, which he underwent, January 24, 1661-2, upon a gibbet twenty-two feet high. But another author fays, that he was beheaded f& late as 1668. He was facri- ficed to the manes of the gallant, but unfortunate marquis of Montrofe. Johnfton was the uncle of bifhop Burnet, who informs us, that it was thought a cruelty in govern- ment to put him to death, as he was fo far fuperannuated, that he did not know his children. But his lordmip ac- knowledges$ that he behaved with great recollection and firmnefs at the place of execution, blaming his political conduct in nothing, but joining with Cromwell. This is not meant to free the miniftry from feverity impri- fonrnent for life would have been amply fufficient for his offences. It may be remarked, that he was a ftrict prefbyterian, and totally averfe to tolerating any that were not fo ; and when dying, vindicated the covenant. An author fays he died nobly, and that he was virtuous, conftant, deep, and popular. Mr. Johnfton, who was fecretary to king William, was his fon. 56. William Steel, chancellor cf Ireland was returned for the port of Romney, in the parlement called in the fifteenth of Charles I. was one of the committee for martial law in 16^4. Oliver the protector called him to the bar, appointed him recorder of London, and would have knighted him in 1653, at Grocer's-hail, but he re.- fufed the honor. He afterwards fent him to Ireland, with the office of lord chancellor, In this poll he continued CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 511 as long as Henry Cromwell was lord lieutenant ; when he was made one of the lords commiffioners of Ireland ; but being nominated one of the commif- fioners of fa fety in 1659, l he took that opportunity,' fays Ludlow, ' to go into England, as he hod long de- k fired to do j by whofe departure, the affairs of Ire- v * land fuffered much, he being generally efleemed to be 1 a man of great prudence, and uncorrupted integrity. * At London he refufed to act in the committee of * fafety, and though he fometinies went to Walling- k ford-houfe, and difcourfed with lieutenant-general 1 Fleetwood, and fome others, about things relating to ' a future eilabliihment, yet he always declared his opi- * nion to be, that the parlement were the only proper * judges of thr-t matter, and ufed the beft of his endea- 1 vours, that they might be reftored to their authority.' At the refioration, probably he retired into the coun- try, or to the continent. 57. Roger, lord Broghill was fifth fon of Richard, earl of Cork, and like him, every way deferved the name of great. He was a loyalift as long as there was- the lealt profpecl of fuccefs ; and then having expe- rienced the greateft friendfhip from Cromwell, he did not think it beneath him to fight againfi the cruel irifh under his ftandard ; and victory attending him in all his actions in that kingdom, he returned to this, receiv- ing loool. per ann. out of the forfeited cftates. When Oliver became prote&or, he fent him to Scotland, with the title of prcfident of his council, with a falary of suool. per annum, and a promife to excufe his actual attendance more than one year : but either unwilling to be deprived of fo able and fo good a man, or jealous for fear of his getting to Ireland, and revolting, he would not permit his return at the expiration of the year. This wai the greater hardfhip, as 'the climate 2 did 5a CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &C, did not agree with his gouty habit. Returning., how-* ever, he proved himfelf fincerely attached to the pro- teflor. and Rrove to get his title changed to that of king : nor was he Ids devoted to Richard, who he ferved in Ireland : but upon the Cromwell intereft failing, he exened all his ftrength in the royal caufe, " for which he was received nioft gracioufly by king Charles II. who, by making him earl of Orrery, added another to the many creations of peers in die noble, the good, the wife y and great family of Boyle. He filled (bone of the (ml oinces in this reign, and died, oclober 16, 1670, in the fifty-ninth year of his age, lamented by all. His lordfliip's chaplain, mr. Thomas Morice, publimed the hiftory of his life, and bis ftate papers, both deferving attention. Vide his character by Grainger. He was a valuable fubjefi to the four fovereigns, Charles I. Oliver *, Richard, and Charles II. By his moft amiabJecoumefs, the lady Margaret, daugh- ter of Theophilus, earl of Suffolk, he had Roger, the fecond ear? of Orrery, and Henry, who was lieutenant- colonel in the duke of Schorrberg's regiment, and five daughters ; the lad:es Elizabeth, married to Foliot, lord viscount Pcwifcourt,- Ann, died young ; Margaret, married to William earl of Inchequin ; Catherine, to Richard Bret, of Somcrfetfliire, efq. and Barbara, to Arthur earl of Dormegal. 58. Sir Matthew Tomkinfon was a colonel of horfc in the pariement army, and was named one of the king's judges, but did not Gt ; however, he was bold enough to guard the unfortunate and miferable Charles cm l *&t idle aod irapjtAaolc t^Jc, duu his lord- s wid. Cni*Il's diiiL-ra, lonl Fai- dher^nrnk the king's tohnhijhacfc: if fo. ionl Faombos m the during CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. . 5 ij during his trial, to and from the high court of juftice, and to the fatd fcaffold, where he made far too great an atonement for all his arbitrary and impolitic ads. He was fent under Oliver, in 1651, to Scotland ; ap- pointed one of the council of ftate in 1653, was voted to fit in the parlement held in that year, and was em- ployed by the protector Oliver in Ireland, as one of the privy-council. He was knighted by the Jord-de- puty Henry Cromwell ; but he did not receive this honor from any regard Henry had for him, but be- caufe he was one of the council, and the lord-deputy wiflied to (hew his ftrict impartiality in diftributin^ rewards, for this gentleman was no way famous for his formal affection to him ; and it was alfo thought by him, that it would tend to obliterate all divifions in the council. The reftored parlement, in 1659, made him one of the governors and commifiioners of Ireland, when they had deprived Henry of the lord lieutenancy of that kingdom. Sir Charles Coote, wiming to get him, Ludiow, Corbet, and John Jones, out of Ireland, accufed them of high-treafon againft the ftate. This was done as a prelude to fir Charles's declaring for Charles II. and hinder him from becoming one of the new council of ftate. At the refloration he was allowed the benefit of the aft of indemnity ; the reafon for which was, becaufe mr. Seymour told his majefty, that when he himfelf waited upon his unhappy father, king Charles I. a day or two before his death, he fignified his pleafure that he fliould be faved for his civil car- riage to him : but the king was hardly prevailed upon, faying, he was fo culpable in not permitting the royal prifoner to efcape. To merit his pardon the more, he became a witnefs againft feveral of the king's judges. Vol. II. I- 1 He 5 H CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, Sec. He and lord Broghill were placed here as reprefenting Ireland *. 59. William Lenthall, efq. was of an ancient and rich family. He ftudied the law in LincolnYinn, and was recorder of London; was chofen a reprefentative for Woodftock, of which he was recorder in the fifteenth of Charles I. and in the memorable parlement aflembled in the following year, that town again ele&ed him one of their members, and the parlement placed him in their chair, as knowing he was inclined to their intereft, and had a difiike to the court, from whom he had fuffered feverely in his fortune, by its tyrannic proceedings. He ieemed deferving of the truft the commons had placed in his hands, for he had the courage to contend even with majefty itfelf in their quarrel ; for when the king in perfon came to the commcns-houfe, to claim the five accufed members, he told his majefty, that * he had ' neither eyes to fee, nor ears to hear any thing but * what the houfe commanded.' He both figned the pro- teftation, and took the covenant. The parlement was not ungrateful he was appointed mafter of the Rolls, november 8, 1643 ; a commifiioner of their great-feal, in 1646; chief-juftice of Chefter, and chancellor of the duchy of Lancafter, in 1 647 j fo that he porTefTed from thefe rich places a very fplendid revenue ; but this year falling under the difpleafure of the army, they fent for him, and told him that if he did not comply with their defigns, they would impeach him for cheating the ftate of vaft fums of money j fearing this menace, he repaired to the camp. The parlement, difobliged at his going, * The above fifty-eight were thofe originally named by the proteftor, and (land according to Thurloe's account ; hut feveral others were added by that p rotedtor, and perhaps one or two by Richard, his fucceflbr. i elcfod CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 515 elected Henry Pelham, efq. but as he had made his peace -with the army grandees, the general having conducted him to the houfe, obliged them to fet afide mr. Pelham. However, he gave the cafting vo:e for the treaty of the ifle of Wight, and had the firmnefs to refufe fitting as one of the commiffioners in the high-court of juiHce at the king's trial, but did not fcruple to keep the chair after his majefty's death, fo that he might be faid to be the firft perfon in the civil department till Oliver dif- folved the long-parlement, when his power fell with the republic. He was a great lofer by Oliver's advancement to the protectorate ; however, his compliances faved fome of his places. He was returned a member for the county of Oxford, and was elected fpeakcr again in that parlement called by Oliver, upon his aufpicious feptem- ber 3, 1654. The republicans thought he would revive the commonwealth, to which perhaps he was inclined ; but the protector knowing that he would fervethofe who were moil able to be graceful, he confirmed him as it obliged the members, and ferved himfelf ; and to bind him ftill more to his intereft, he reftored him to many places of great emolument. When the other-houfe was eftabiiihed, he complained heavily that he had not the honor to fit in it ; Oliver therefore fent him a fum- mons, which gave him the moft fenfible pleafure. He continued faithful to the Cromwells, and i'aw the fall of Richard with very great concern ; his confequence was wounded, and at firft he declined to take his feat as fpeaker in the reftored long-parlement (called the rump) but finding the republican form of government would be again re-eftabli(hed, he thought it prudent to com- ply, and may 23, he was made keeper of the great feal for eight days, till fome fuitable perfon fhould be fixed upon. After pafiing through feveral hands, he was voted, in the beginning of January 1 659-60 to be again L 1 * kee P er 516 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. keeper till further orders, which was only till the thir- teenth of the fame month : he was alfo named one of the committee of fafety. The army, jealous of the par- lement, determined to fet them afide, and prevent their fitting; but he difcovering their intentions, fat up in his chamber the whole night with fir Arthur Hafilrige, and others; notwithflanding this, Lambert difpatching lieutenant-colonel Duckenfield, (topped him, in his car- riage at feven of the clock in the morning of the 1 3th of odober, and infifted on his returning home; he re- folutely afked him ' by what authority ?' ' by com- mand of the general, 1 to whom he replied, l I am 1 your general ; follow me.' But the lieutenant-colo- nel refufed, and obliged him to return. The army finding they could not receive any pay without a par- lement, the officers waited upon him, december 241 and conducted him in his coach, attended with fir An- thony Afhley Cooper, and others, to the Tower, where he received the keys, and placed another lieutenant. From thence he went to the houfe of parlement, was recognized fpeaker, and received the thanks of the houfe. He was returned a member of the convention- parlement, that voted the king's return. He endea- voured to gain the royal favor at the expence of his own character; for l he declared in the houfe that * thofe who had taken up arms during the war, were ~ as gurlty as thofe who lentenced the king to death.' But it was fo highly refented, that the fpeaker, fir Har- botile Grimflon, obliged him to make his fubmiflion. at their bar. He had alfo the meannefs to be a witnefs againft mr. Scott, one of the king's judges, upon his trial, for words fpoken by him in the houfe ; though he declared to Charles I. that nothing could be feen in the houfe by the fpeaker. His great property ftrongly in- fluenced his conduft ; for be had acquired fo much, and CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 317 and was fo fearful of lofing it, and even defirous of ad- ding to it, that he fent his majerty 3000!. and requefted to be continued mafter of the Rolls; but it v^as refufed, and he was included in the bill of pains and penalties : his death was occafioned by it, feptember i, 1661 ; he was buried privately at Burford, in Oxfordftiire. The cflate and advowfon of that church, he purchafed for 7000!. of lord vifcount Faukland. He confefTed to dr. R. Bridge, rector of VVitney, his forrow for his conduct againft Charles I. he left a prodigious fortune acquired by the many and important places he fo long held, as fpeaker of the houfe of commons, he had aoool. per annum, mafter of the Rolls, 3000!. chamberlain of Chefter, and chancellor of Lancafler, 1230!. befides his falary as a commiffioner of the great-feal, and the fale of places in the gift of thefe offices, prefents, &c. the parlement at one time gave him 6oool. The mem- bers of the long-parlement were extremely liberal to each other, and therefore, it would have been inexcuf- able in them to have forgotten their fpeaker. He mar- ried Elizabeth, daughter of Ambrofe Evans, of Loding- ton, in Northumberland, gent. 60. Sir George Fleetwood, fon of fir William Fleet- wood, knt. cupbearer to king James I. and king Charles I. and brother to general Charles Fleetwood, Oliver's fon-in-law. He was a member for Buckinghamfhire in the long-parlement ; he and James \Vefi being elected in the room of the patriot Hampden and Ar- thur Goodwin, etq. both deceafed. He was a colonel in the parlement army, named one of the king's jiidges, fat often in the court, and figncd the warrant for the execution. . He reprefented the county of Buckingham in the parlements convened in 1653 anc * J ^34i was knighted by Oliver, and made a lord of this houfe. LI 3 At 5 iS CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. At the reftoration he was tried with the reft of the king's judges. As he confefled his forrow with tears, his life was faved ; and afterwards he was, through the . intereft of friends, releafed from the Tower. His grief was only pretence ; for when he got to New England, he publicly avowed his principals, glorying in the good old caufe. His manor of the Vache, in Cbalfont pariih, near Wycombe, in Buckinghamihire, with his orfser property, fell to the crown. His majeity gave the Vache to his royal highnefs the duke of York, who fold it to fir Thomas Clayton. 6 1. Thomas Cooper, efq. originally an * haber- * daflicr of finall wares' in, and an alderman of, the city of Oxford, and was returned in j 640 to ferve for that city. He rofe in the parlement army to the rank of colonel of "foot, and accompanied Oliver into Scot- land in 1651. He afterwards was fent into Ireland. In 1656 he was one of the reprefentatives of the coun- ties of Down, Antrim, and Armagh, in the latter king- dom. His name is under the order for proclaiming Richard protector. More of his hifiory I have not been able to obtain. 62. Sir William Roberts, knt. one of the com- miffioners named to try king Charles I. but refufed fitting. He (at in the parlement in 1653, 1654, and 1656, as one of the reprefentatives of Middlefex. No more of his hiflory is known. 63. Sir Gilbert Pickering fon of fir John Pickering, of Titcbmarm, knt. and Sufan, daughter of fir Eraf- mns Dryden, of Canons-Aihby, in NorthamptonQme, knt. He was bora in 1613, and created by James I. a baronet of Nova-Scoria : was a member for the county of Northampton 15 and 16 Charles I. figned the protefiation and took the covenant : had a colo- nel's CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 519 nel's commiiEon in the parlement army, where he dif- tinguifhed himfelf, efpecially with his brigade, in the ftorming of Briftol and Bafing-houfe : at the latter he commanded in chief, as he did at the taking of Lacock-houfe. His antipathy to the king was very great, and occafioned his being put into the commiflion. of the high court of juftice. He fat two days, but declined continuing his attendance, either from pru- dence or accident. In 1649 and '1650, he was of the council of fafety. Though an enemy to Charles I. he was, probably, not diffatisfied with the rnonarchial go- vernment, as he was a friend to, and trufted by Crom- well with his intention of diffolving the parlement, and fo well approved of it, that lie watched armed, for fear of any oppofition being made by the members, or their friends. Oliver, for his zeal and fidelity, nomi- nated him one of the council of ftate. He was re- turned a member for the county of Northampton in the parlements held in 1653, 1654, and 1656. For his important ferviceshe was named a privy-counfellor, appointed lord-chamberlain of the houfhold, and a lord of this houfe. by the elder proteclor, and continued in them by Richard : yet no fooner did the army revolt, than he joined thern, though he hadfigned the order for proclaiming him. He was appointed one of the committee of fafety. He was a partizan of the army againil the parlement. By the aft of indemnity at the reftoration he efcaped the fate of moft of the king's judges, becaufe he had neither given judgment againft the king, nor figned the warrant. Sir Gilbert died in 1668. He married twice; firft, Elizabeth, daughter of fir Sidney Montague, of Hinchinbrooke, and fifter of Edward Montague, a lord of this houfe, created afterwards earl of Sandwich, and whefe intereft might be a great means of preventing any difagreeable L 1 4 conference* 5 zo CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. confequences from his proceedings during the troubles. After the above lady's death, he re-married the daugh- ter of John Pepys, of Cottcnham, in the county of Cambridge. By the former he had fir John, his fuc- ceffor, and many other children : by the latter, no iffue. The prefent fir Edward Pickering, bart. who refides in Ireland, is his defcendant. 64. William Sydenham. efq. fon of a gentleman of both his names. He was a member for Melcombe- Regis in the long-parlement, a colonel in their army, and deferved fo well of them, that they gave him loool. He was one of the council of (late in 1653, a member for Dorfetfhire in the parlement held in the fame year, fworn of the privy-council to Oliver, returned one of the representatives of the ifle of Wight in 1654, and of the county of Dorfet in 1656. He was alfo a privy - counfellor to Richard, but like fir Gilbert Pickering, though he had figned the order for proclaiming the younger protector, he revolted to the army. He was chofen one of the committee of fafety, and one of the council of ftate. Upon Monk's drawing towards Lon- don, he was discharged the houfe of parlement, as one difagreeable to him. His father was alive fo late as 1654, being in that year a member of parlement for the county of Dorfet. 65. Richard Hampden, efq. eldeft fon and heir of the patriot Hampden. His life has been given elfe- where in this volume *. * The firft fifty-eight of thefe lords are taken from Thurloe's lift. Mr. Lenthall is mentioned by Ludlow with peculiar circurnftances, and in both the author of the true character of Oliver Cromwell,' and Heath's chronicle. Sir George Fleetwood, mr. Thomas Cooper, fir William Roberts, fir Gilbert Pickering, and mr. W. Sydenham, are given by Whitlock ; who, from his fituation, and his being one of their number, could not be miftaken. Richard Hampden, efq. is mentioned in the true character of Oliver Cromwell, and in Heath's chronicle ; and Wood fays, that he and mr. Lenthall were added by Oliver. Heath alfo gives major-general Kelfey as one, but that certainly is a miiUke. Lambert and Widdrington are called lords in Willis's not. parl. the CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, fcc. 5*1 Speakers of Olivers houfe of commons. 1653. pRANCIS Roufe, efq. 1 654. William Lenthall, efq. See their lives amongft Oliver's lords. 1656. Sir Thomas Widdrington, as alfo in that convened January 27, 1656-7. The family of Wid- drington, or Withrington, was feated at Gilbourne- Grange, in the county of Northumberland, but more anciently at Withrington-cafUe j and the head of their name was lord Widdrington. Sir Thomas received part of his education at the univerfity of Oxford, and part at Cambridge ; was afterwards entered of Gray V Inn, to ftudy the municipial law; became recorder of Berwick-upon- Tweed, and afterwards of York ; knighted by king Charles I. april i, 1639, * n that city; was returned for Berwick 15 and 16 Charles I. and became a warm advocate for liberty. He was in principles an independant, and took the covenant. His merit procured the parlement to name him one of their four commiflioners of the great-feal, in June 1647, which he was to retain for one year, but held it to the king's death. The parlement alfo named him, in oclober 1648, one in their call of fergeants, and foon after declared him king's fergeant. He was too much a friend to his country to love the violence of the army, and feemed by no means pleafed with the commonwealth ; for immediately upon the king's death, he furrendered up his office of keeper of the the former before the eftablifhment of this other houfe; fo that I am inclined to think, they were never called up to it, but had that title from fome places they held : if, however, it {hould be fo, the reader will find Lambert's life amongft Oliver's privy-counfellors, and Widdrington's with the fpeakers of the houfe of commons during that protectorate. One author has given judge ' Nichols as a lord of the other houfe, but there fecms no reafons to fuppofe it fo. great 522 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. great feal, excufing hiiufelf from his ill health j but that not being admitted, he pleaded fcruples of con- fcience, though he allowed their authority. The par- lement immediately, in requital of his former fervices, ordered that he fhould practice within the bar, and gave him a quarter's falary more than was due to him. His merit recommended him to Oliver, who heaped honors and great employments upon him, being, april 5, 1654, appointed a commiflioner of the great feal, which he did not fcruple now to accept. In auguft in that year, he was elected member of parle- jnent for the city of York ; feptember 3, 1655, a com- iniffioner for ejecting fcandalous minifters jn the north riding of the county of that name. In 1656, he repre- fented both the county of Northumberland and the city of York in parlemcnt, and was chofen fpeaker by the houfe, and approved of by the protector. He ap- pointed Whitlock his deputy, when ill. In 1657, as fpeaker, he attended and afiilled the fecond and more folemn inveilment of Oliver in the protectorate. June 25, 1658,116 was appointed lordchief baron of the Exche- quer; in January 1659, one of the council of irate, and a commiflioner of the great-feal. He was returned both for the town of Berwick and city of York, in the parlement called in 1660-, and through the interefl of a great man in the court of Charles II. he was again in the call of fergeants, June i, 1660 ; but this was rather a meannefs in him to fubmit to, as he had fo long had that title, had born fuch great offices in the ftate, was then by no means a young man, and poflefled of a very affluent fortune. He died may 13 (Wood fays 22) 1664, and was buried in St. Giles's church in the Fields, where a handfome monument was placed over his remains. His great abilities were only equalled by his integrity. He piarried the fitter of lord Fairfax, the parlement-general. TH s CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 523 THE LAW LINE. Lords commijjioners of the great-fed. DULSTRODE Whitlock, efq. ** Sir Thomas Widdrington, knt. and William Lenthall, efq. But the two former not com- plying with an order of council, for making fome regu- lations in chancery, which Oliver thought neceffary when the term was expired, he appointed, June 15, 1655, Nathaniel Fiennes, efq. and John Lifle, efq. in the room of the two former, but mr. Lenthall, by his compliances, kept his place, which was the more obfcrv- able, as he had protefted that he would be hanged before the Rolls-gate, before he would execute the order of council ; but his fear of offending, and lofmg the profits of the place, over came all his fcruples. The officers attending were, fir John Berkftead, knt. fteward of the houfliold, and fergeant-at-arms (in whofe room was afterwards ap- pointed Henry Middleton, efq.) mr. Brown, and mr. Dove. According to Oliver's regulation, there were to be only fix mafters in chancery; they were appointed may 2, 1655: their names were William Lenthall, efq. matter of the Rolls, John Sadler, efq*. Nathaniel Hubert, efq. Arthur Barnardifton, of the Inner-temple, efqf. * John Sadler, efq. was a relation to the proteclor, and was much in hij highnefs's favor, who offered him the chief-jufticefhip of Ireland, with afalary of loool. but he refufed it. He was a mafter of requerts, in 1659, as well as of chancery. Mr. Walpole obferves that Thomas, his fecond fon, was defigned for the law, but the amufement of painting, which engaged his attention when young, he was from unavoidable misfortunes obliged to follow in his more ad- vanced age. He was much trufted by the duke of Monmouth and lord Ruffell, ' a connexion very natural, as mr. Sadler's mother was defcended from the ancient and public fpirited family of Trenchard.' He was alfo defcended from fit Henry Seymour. This Thomas, fon of the fame name, alfo drew; he was clerk of the Pells. i Arthur Barnardifton, efq. the eighth fon of the good fir Nathaniel Bar, nardifton, knt. and brother to fir Thomas and fir Samuel Barnardillon, both created baronets by Charles II. at the reiteration. He married iirft, a daughter of fir Richard Lloyd, of Hallom, in Nottinghamfhirc, knt. fecondly, Mary, daughter of Samuel Luke, of Woodend, in the county of Bedford, efq. (who furvJYJng hiity re-married to Samuel Biackerby, efq.} by the former he ha.d Samuel, jz4 CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, Sic, Thomas St. Nicholas, efq. and Robert Aldworth, efq. their falary was 2000!. per annum, each j and they \vcre appointed by the protector *. Lord prefident of the High-court ojjujlice. JOHN Lifle, efq. This was a bloody office, and ought to be conftantly written in red letters. He fucceeded the bold and determined Bradfhaw in this office, who, with a temerity not to be equalled, fat upon, and gave judgment againft his fovereign. Judges of the Upper -Bench. JOHN Rolles, efq. lord-chief-juftice ; was one of the fix judges who accepted their commiffions from the commonwealth after king Charles I.'s death t. ' He was 1 acquainted with all the eminent lawyers of his profeffion, and was fcarce inferior to the greateft j' his juftice was equal to his knowledge, for he was the mod averfe of all the judges to trying the royalifts for treafon, faying, that Samuel, a merchant in London, who married Ann, daughter of Samuel Black- crby, of Gray's-inn, efq. Nathaniel who died young; Arthur, a merchant of Smyrna ; Mary, married to fir Samuel Clarke, bait. Jane, died young ; and Ann, who married dr. Edward Fowler, biihop of Norwich, by whom (he had Nathaniel Fowler, efq. bornodlober 8, 1667, and died auguft 26, 1710, and probably others. There is a very erroneous and defective account of the family of Karnardifton, publimed in the baronetage. The rev. mr. Yates, of Soli- bill, who I have the honor to call my friend, has married the heirefs of one of the branches of this very ancient and moll refpedtable family. That gentleman permitted me to examine a very exatt and curious pedigree of the Barnardif- tons, drawn up early in the lall century ; with which, and much other mate- rials, I prefented him with the moil perfeft hiftory of that family extant, and ferves to redlify the numberlefs errors in the baronetage,-chiefly collected from a m. f. of the inaccurate mr. Le Neve. * Some give mr. Love as one of the fix clerks in chancery. f The judges who declined remaining in office after the king's death were, Bacon, Brown, Bedingtield, Crefwell, Trevor, and Atkyns ; thofe who were lefs fcrupulous, were Rolles, Jermyn, St. John, Pheafant, Wilde, and Yates ; Kut they courageoufly ftipulated, that the commonwealth fhould pafs an adl that the fundamental laws fhould not be abolimed. The judges that fucceeded the fix whofe delicacy would not permit them to continue, were Nicholas and Afh for the upper-bench ; Pulifton and Warburton for the common-pleas ; and Thorpe and Rigby, for the exchequer. the CATALOGUE OF PERSONS, &c. 425 the defence which they fet up was too good for the law to pafs fentence up